Loading...
The URL can be used to link to this page
Your browser does not support the video tag.
Home
My WebLink
About
2024-11-12; City Council; 08; Climate Action Plan Update
CA Review GH Meeting Date: Nov. 12, 2024 To: Mayor and City Council From: Scott Chadwick, City Manager Staff Contact: Katie Hentrich, Senior Program Manager katie.hentrich@carlsbadca.gov, 442-339-2623 Subject: Climate Action Plan Update Districts: All Recommended Actions Hold a public hearing and adopt one of the following City Council resolutions for the Climate Action Plan Update: 1.A resolution adopting the publicly posted Draft Climate Plan Update, excluding Measures E-3.2, E-3.3 and E-4.2 (Nonresidential Building Energy – Updated Reach Code, Nonresidential Building Energy – Solar Carports, and Residential Building Energy – Updated Reach Code, respectively), to meet the required 2045 reduction target (Exhibit 1); or 2.A resolution adopting the publicly posted Draft Climate Action Plan Update, excluding Measure E-3.2 (Nonresidential Building Energy – Updated Reach Code), which would exceed the 2045 reduction target by approximately 200 MT CO2e (Exhibit 2); or 3.A resolution adopting the publicly posted Draft Climate Action Plan Update, excluding Measure E-4.2 (Residential Building Energy – Updated Reach Code), which would exceed the 2045 reduction target by approximately 4,000 MT CO2e (Exhibit 3); or 4.A resolution adopting the publicly posted Draft Climate Action Plan Update, which would exceed the 2045 reduction target by approximately 6,000 MT CO2e (Exhibit 4); and 5.Adopt a resolution certifying Addendum No. 1 to the Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update Supplemental Environmental Impact Report for the Climate Action Plan Update (Exhibit 5). Executive Summary In 2015, the City of Carlsbad was one of the first cities in the region to adopt a qualified Climate Action Plan. As a result of the policies, programs and other actions taken by the City Council outlined in the plan, the city reduced greenhouse gases even more than the state’s target, which was to reach 1990 levels by 2020. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 1 of 637 Since then, three things have changed that led to the need to update the city’s Climate Action Plan. 1. The plan needs to account for the land use and growth changes included in the Housing Element amendments and the associated greenhouse gas impacts. 2. The state updated its targets for greenhouse gas reductions. 3. The city has obtained updated data, called a GHG inventory, on how much greenhouse gas is currently being generated. The City Council is now being asked to approve the Climate Action Plan Update, including choosing from among options that would either meet new state targets or go beyond what is required. These options include local regulations that exceed state building requirements, such as “reach codes.” The City Council is required to adopt an updated CAP by no later than July 30, 2025, under the terms of the environmental impact report certified for an update of the Housing Element and Safety Element earlier this year. The City Council is also being asked to certify an associated environmental document, Addendum No. 1 to the Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update Supplemental Environmental Impact Report for the Climate Action Plan Update (Exhibit 5). The addendum demonstrates that the Draft Climate Action Plan Update will not result in any potentially significant impacts to the environment. Explanation & Analysis Purpose of the Climate Action Plan Climate action plans are comprehensive plans that detail the specific activities that a government agency will undertake to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. They generally focus on those activities that can achieve emission reductions within a city’s control to meet state reduction targets. These plans typically include: • Specific city-sponsored initiatives and actions that the city controls directly, such as operations and energy use at city buildings and the types of vehicles in the city’s fleet • State and city policies to direct, guide or influence outside actions, such as a requirement to recycle food scraps and energy efficiency standards for new building construction The City of Carlsbad was one of the first cities in the county to adopt a qualified climate action plan to support California’s ambitious greenhouse gas emissions reduction goals. The 2020 CAP implements the city’s Guiding Principles and Community Values of Sustainability, as well as actions identified in the Declaration of a Climate Emergency, approved by the City Council on Sept. 21, 2021. Finally, updating the Climate Action Plan is identified as a priority in the City Council’s 5-Year Strategic Plan. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 2 of 637 Timeline • Sept. 22, 2015 - The City Council adopted the CAP, along with the General Plan update and associated environmental impact report, in compliance with the state’s target to reduce greenhouse gas emissions by 40% compared to 1990 levels by 2030. • July 14, 2020 - The City Council adopted an amendment to the CAP that revised the greenhouse gas inventory and forecast, updated reductions from existing measures and incorporated community choice energy as a new reduction measure.1 • April 6, 2021 - The City Council approved funding for a comprehensive update to the city’s Housing Element, the element of the General Plan that is focused on the community’s housing needs. • April 13, 2021 - Staff presented the Climate Action Plan Annual Report to the City Council, which the City Council accepted and approved. (Resolution No. 2021-083) In the annual report, staff discussed the need to update the city’s Climate Action Plan to account for the land use and growth changes included in the Housing Element amendments and the associated greenhouse gas impacts. • June 8, 2021 - The City Council approved funding for a comprehensive update to the CAP as part of the fiscal year 2021-22 budget. • 2022 - The state established more aggressive greenhouse gas targets with the California Climate Crisis Act.2 This law requires the state to achieve net zero greenhouse gas emissions as soon as possible, and to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in California by 85% compared to 1990 levels by 2045. The Climate Crisis Act does not replace, nor supersede, the state’s previous greenhouse gas reduction target of 40% compared to 1990 levels by 2030.3 • Jan. 30, 2024 - The City Council certified the final Supplemental Environmental Impact Report for the General Plan Land Use and Community Design Element and Public Safety Element. (Resolution No. 2024-014) This report included a mitigation measure, Measure GHG-1, that requires the city to draft and the City Council to adopt an updated CAP within 12-18 months of adoption of the final supplemental environmental impact report. This set the period for the City Council to adopt an updated CAP as between Jan. 30, 2025, and July 30, 2025. Overview of methodology Updating the CAP to account for the approved land use changes in the city and the new reduction targets established by the state required updating the greenhouse gas inventory to reflect the best available data. The starting point for tracking activities in such a plan is the year the plan began, known as the “baseline year.” The draft CAP Update uses 2016 as the baseline year because 2016 provides the most comprehensive, recent and best available data. The CAP baseline data is consistent with the data sources and custom modeling the city created as part of implementation of the General 1 The amendment was necessary to correct a data calculation error related to vehicle miles traveled. Community choice energy is a program that enables communities to purchase electrical power on behalf of their residents. The city established the Clean Energy Alliance as its community choice energy provider. 2 See Health and Safety Code, Section 38562.2. 3 See Health and Safety Code, Section 38566. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 3 of 637 Plan Land Use and Community Design Element and Public Safety Element to implement the requirements of the Housing Element. Greenhouse gases are measured by metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent, noted as MT CO2e. Carbon dioxide equivalent is an amount of greenhouse gas whose atmospheric impact has been standardized to one unit mass of carbon dioxide (CO2) based on the global warming potential of the gas. Based on the 2016 data, the baseline year, the city’s total emissions were 981,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent, or MT CO2e. The top three categories of emissions in Carlsbad are: 1. Transportation on roads and streets (all vehicle travel), at 51% 2. Electricity, at 27% 3. Natural gas, at 14% Greenhouse gas emission sources in Carlsbad Note: The precise emission reduction totals, and other information, are included as Appendix C in Attachment A of Exhibit 5, the Draft Climate Action Plan Update. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 4 of 637 Projections to determine future emissions Staff and consultants projected the amount of greenhouse gas that would be produced in these categories into the future, using the 2016 greenhouse gas emissions inventory and estimates for population, housing and job growth. This is called the “business-as-usual” projection, which shows the anticipated growth in emissions from these sources in the absence of any new policies and programs. Emissions reductions that are expected to result from federal and state policies and programs are applied to a second set of projections, creating a “legislatively adjusted business-as-usual projection.” Using these projections, greenhouse gas emissions were projected for the target years 2035 and 2045. As shown in the chart below, the city is projected to meet the 2035 reduction goals based on the legislatively adjusted business-as-usual projection, though the city is not projected to meet the 2045 reduction goals unless the city implements new measures. The chart shows: • The business-as-usual projection in green, which shows greenhouse gas emissions if the city took no climate action • The legislatively adjusted business-as-usual projection in blue, which accounts for the impacts of federal and state laws to curb emissions4 • The state’s greenhouse gas targets for 2035 and 2045 in yellow Greenhouse gas reduction projections 4 More detailed information on the federal and state laws and programs included in the legislatively adjusted business-as-usual calculations are included in Appendix C in Attachment A to Exhibit 5, the draft CAP update. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 5 of 637 1,200,000 981,000 993,000 1,000,000 1,024,000 800,000 600,000 400,000 200,000 I.O ~ ~ ~ ~ .... ::::t :!J st ~ I.O .... 00 gi 0 ... "' .,., ... U"I I.O .... 00 a, ~ ... N ~ l 8 ... 8 ... N N N ~ ~ ~ ~ 8 ~ 8 ~ ~ ~ 8 ~ ~ 0 ?:l 0 ~ ~ 0 0 0 0 ~ N N N N N N N N N N N N N N -Business-as-usu al -legislatively adjusted .....,.Greenhouse gas busi ness-as-usua I reduction targets State of California’s recommendations The California Air Resources Board provides the following guidance on how to best set CAP targets: • Evaluate and adopt robust, locally appropriate emission reduction goals based on a local greenhouse gas emissions inventory • Express emission goals based on mass greenhouse gas emission reductions • Show a downward trending greenhouse gas emissions trajectory consistent with the statewide goals Potential measures in the draft CAP update To meet the greenhouse gas reduction targets, the project team analyzed measures for inclusion in the Draft Climate Action Plan Update using the following guidelines: • Leverage existing city efforts to defray additional costs and staff time • Include successful and applicable measures from the current CAP, as well as greenhouse gas reduction strategies included in state guidance documents • Incorporate input from city staff across all departments to ensure measures can be implemented • Provide a robust public input process • Create reportable measures so the CAP update process is transparent The draft update has 25 measures, including 37 primary actions and 69 supporting actions, in the following categories: • Carbon sequestration, which is the process of capturing and storing atmospheric carbon dioxide • Energy • Transportation • Off-road equipment • Water and wastewater • Waste diversion Each measure and action in the plan is structured to result in a specific amount of greenhouse gas reductions. The plan has more measures than needed to meet the targets to provide flexibility in case some reductions do not meet projections. As noted above, two of the measures involve what are known as “reach codes,” which have requirements that exceed, or reach beyond, what is required by the state’s building code. If the City Council were to decide to include the proposed reach codes in the CAP Update, the city would have to demonstrate that the local ordinance, or reach code, saves more energy than current statewide energy standards and is cost effective before it could be approved by the California Energy Commission. The Draft Climate Action Plan Update, when combined with the federal and state measures within the legislatively adjusted business-as-usual projection, project that the city will surpass Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 6 of 637 its 2045 reduction target by approximately 6,000 MT CO2e,5 or 0.68% of the total greenhouse gas reductions for 2045. The measures are listed in Chapter 3, Table 3.1, of the draft CAP update in Attachment A of Exhibit 4. Options The City Council is being asked to approve one of the following four options listed below, with the associated benefits and drawbacks of each option also provided. All of the options would meet the 2045 reduction target established by the state. Three of the options would exceed the target by varying amounts. All of the options would meet the target completion date of the mitigation measure in the Supplemental Environmental Impact Report for the Housing Element update and will allow for continued streamlined development review of projects that show consistency with the CAP. 1. Adopt a Climate Action Plan update that meets the 2045 reduction target Excluded measures • Nonresidential building energy – updated reach code (E-3.2) • Nonresidential building energy - solar carports (E-3.3) • Residential building energy – updated reach code (E-4.2) Benefits Drawbacks • Meets the minimum 2045 reduction target • Consistent with Planning Commission recommendation • Addresses stakeholder concerns about the cost and cost-effectiveness of reach codes • Delays implementation of the CAP update to make updates to the documents • Implements a smaller suite of measures to meet the 2045 reduction target, which provides less flexibility for CAP implementation • Does not address stakeholder comments about exceeding 2045 reduction targets 5 Three proposed measures in the Draft Climate Action Plan Update are not quantified due to lack of available data. While these calculations can be updated as policies and programs for those measures progress and as data becomes available, the calculations for the remaining measures in the updated Climate Action Plan must meet the reduction targets at the time the updated plan is adopted adoption to fulfill regulatory requirements. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 7 of 637 2. Adopt a Climate Action Plan update that exceeds the 2045 reduction target by approximately 200 MT CO2e Excluded measure Nonresidential building energy – updated reach code (E-3.2) Benefits Drawbacks • Exceeds the 2045 reduction target • Addresses stakeholder comments about exceeding the 2045 reduction target • Delays implementation of the CAP update to make updates to the documents • Implements a smaller suite of measures to meet the 2045 reduction target, which provides less flexibility for CAP implementation • Stakeholder concerns about cost effectiveness of reach codes • Does not address stakeholder comments about exceeding 2045 reduction targets 3. Adopt a Climate Action Plan update that exceeds the 2045 reduction target by approximately 4,000 MT CO2e Excluded measure Residential building energy – updated reach code (E-4.2) Benefits Drawbacks • Exceeds the 2045 reduction target • Addresses stakeholder comments about exceeding the 2045 reduction targets • Delays implementation of the CAP update to make updates to the documents • Implements a smaller suite of measures to meet the 2045 reduction target, which provides less flexibility for CAP implementation • Stakeholder concerns about the cost- effectiveness of reach codes • Does not address stakeholder comments about exceeding 2045 reduction targets 4. Adopt a Climate Action Plan update that exceeds the 2045 reduction target by approximately 6,000 MT CO2e No measures excluded Benefits Drawbacks • Exceeds the 2045 reduction target by approximately 6,000 MT CO2e and includes a larger list of measures for additional implementation flexibility • Addresses stakeholder comments about exceeding the 2045 reduction targets • Stakeholder concerns about cost effectiveness of reach codes Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 8 of 637 Community Engagement Overview Staff provided several opportunities for community members to review and provide input into the Draft Climate Action Plan Update, beginning in 2022, through multiple channels. • Multiple emails to stakeholders • Social media • Individual and small group meetings • Community event participation • Online survey • City website • Flyers in city facilities Input was actively sought at three key stages of the update process. Phase 1: Overall priorities First, in keeping with the city’s practice of focusing input early in the process, staff asked community members and other stakeholders about their overall values and priorities related to climate issues. Staff also reviewed input recently gathered from the community about environmental sustainability during the development of the City Council’s 5-Year Strategic Plan. This input helped inform the development of potential measures to consider for the CAP update. Phase 2: Review of potential measures Once draft measures were ready for review, staff again sought input from the community and other stakeholders. This input focused on identifying any concerns, questions or ideas about each of the potential measures. During phase two, staff also sought feedback from the City Council. On Nov. 7, 2023, staff presented the proposed measures and received the following feedback from City Council members. The City Council did not take formal action at this meeting 1. Establish clear, interim benchmarks between the 2035 and 2045 target years for transparency and accountability. Benchmarks were added into the proposed measures. 2. Add in more measures so the total greenhouse gas emissions reduced are higher than the 2045 reduction target. Three additional measures were added to the draft CAP update. Two of those measures proposed updates to the city’s reach codes, and one of those measures proposes installing solar panels in city-owned parking lots. 3. Add a measure to install solar in city-owned parking lots. While this was included as a supporting action in the proposed measures shared with the public and the City Council, staff moved this from a supporting action and made it a stand-alone measure. However, staff were not able to calculate the greenhouse gas reductions for this measure. This measure would require an analysis of how many parking lots would be suitable for solar and how large these solar systems could be. Once this analysis is complete (proposed by 2030 in the draft CAP update), a reduction calculation could be added. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 9 of 637 4. Add a measure banning artificial turf within the city. Staff analyzed this as a potential measure and found the emissions reductions to be minimal and the cost to replace artificial turf extremely high. Because of this, staff did not include it in the draft CAP update in Exhibit 4, Attachment A. Phase 3: Review of the draft plan After updating and refining the measures based on input received, staff made the Draft Climate Action Plan Update available for the public to review on July 8, 2024. The draft update was shared through the city’s website, weekly city newsletters, social media, emails to stakeholders, meetings with interested stakeholders, news articles and attending community events. Comments received on the draft update are provided in Exhibit 6. Planning Commission Staff made an informational presentation to the Planning Commission on Sept. 4, 2024, and gathered additional public input. On Oct. 2, 2024, staff asked the Planning Commission to review the options listed above to make a recommendation to the City Council on the Draft Climate Action Plan Update and its associated California Environmental Quality Act addendum. This was also another opportunity for community and stakeholder feedback. (Exhibit 8). The Planning Commission adopted two resolutions: 1. A Planning Commission resolution recommending certification of Addendum No. 1 to the Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element update Supplemental Environmental Impact Report for the Climate Action Plan update. 2. A Planning Commission resolution recommending adoption of the publicly posted Draft Climate Action Plan Update, excluding Measures E-3.2, E-3.3 and E-4.2 (Nonresidential Building Energy – Updated Reach Code, Nonresidential Building Energy – Solar Carports, and Residential Building Energy – Updated Reach Code, respectively), to meet the required 2045 reduction target. (Option 1, above.) Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 10 of 637 Fiscal Analysis Staff worked with the Energy Policy Initiatives Center at the University of San Diego to analyze the resources needed to implement the Draft Climate Action Update. This analysis is provided as Appendix E in Attachment A of Exhibit 4. This report analyzes the total cost and level of effort to the City of Carlsbad6 to implement the updated plan over the first five fiscal years, or through fiscal year 2028-29, as well as the cost and level of effort associated with activities that would not have occurred without the adoption of the Draft Climate Action Update. These activities are categorized as “new” or “expanded” throughout the report. Framework for evaluating implementation costs Based on data provided by city staff, the total estimated cost to implement the Draft Climate Action Update over the first five fiscal years is approximately $72 million. Most of these costs, about 93%, or approximately $67 million, are associated with existing programs that would have happened normally regardless of the adoption of the update. The remaining 7%, or approximately $5 million, would be the cost of the new and expanded programs that would happen because of the update. To mitigate the remaining cost, staff will continue to seek external funding to support implementation of the Climate Action Plan. The image below summarizes the total implementation costs estimated for the first five years of the updated Climate Action Plan 6 Costs and benefits borne by Carlsbad residents and businesses were not considered in the implementation cost analysis. Similarly, cost results for capital projects that result in energy bill savings were not included. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 11 of 637 Expenditure Type Program Type Funding Status Salary and Benefits Total CAP Implementation Cost Capital Projects Professional Services (" -- -- -- Other New and Expanded Programs ------, Funded Unfunded Implementation costs The annual costs and level of effort to implement activities in the draft CAP update vary from fiscal year to fiscal year, by measure. The implementation cost analysis found three key findings: 1. Three measures in the Draft Climate Action Plan Update account for nearly three- quarters of the new and expanded program costs. This is because these measures have a high level of effort across multiple staff, such as Measure WD-1, Solid and Organic Waste Diversion; high capital and professional services costs, such as Measure E-1, Renewable Energy at Municipal Facilities; or a combination of the two, such as Measure T-6, Local Transportation Improvements. 2. Three departments account for about 80% of the new and expanded program costs. These departments mirror those responsible for implementing the three measures listed above and include the Environmental Sustainability, Fleet & Facilities, and Transportation departments. 3. A relatively small level of effort would be required by most staff to implement the draft CAP update. On average, the 81% of staff responsible for some component of implementation would have a level of effort of less than about 208 hours per year, while 2% of staff would see a level of effort of more than 624 hours per year. Often, these staff are in the Environmental Sustainability Department and spend the majority, if not all their time supporting the Climate Action Plan. Once the CAP update is adopted, staff can use the implementation cost analysis to inform the preparation of future fiscal year budgets. This analysis can ensure that responsible departments are aware of their estimated costs and level of effort and can incorporate them into financial and workload planning. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 12 of 637 Program Type Funding Status ting Exis Prog $66,4 rams 79,000 93 % Total Estimated CAP Implementation Cost Year 1 -Year 5 $71,600,000 (S78, 76-0,000 with 1096 contingency) I r--------------------- New and Expanded Programs $5,121.000 7% I I I Funded Unfunded $1,044,000 $4,077,000 20% 80% ~----------------------J Next Steps Once the CAP update is adopted, staff will begin implementing its measures. City staff will need to evaluate and monitor performance over time and alter or amend the plan if it is not following the emissions trends needed to meet its reduction targets, as part of the annual reporting process. This will include conducting periodic greenhouse gas inventories and analyzing the performance of measures using quantitative metrics. If the CAP update is adopted as written, staff would begin working on actions with a 2025 monitoring benchmark as soon as possible. The measures that have new or expanded actions with 2025 monitoring benchmarks include: • Increasing percentage of renewable electricity purchased for existing city facilities and street and safety lighting to 100%, Measure E-1 • Setting 100% renewable electricity to be the default for new city facilities, Measure E-1 • Updating the city’s Building Code to include updated energy performance-based requirements for new nonresidential buildings, Measure E-3.2, and new residential buildings, Measure E-4.2 • Updating the existing Electric Vehicle Siting Plan, Measure T-8 • Conducting an inventory to assess urban canopy cover, Measure CS-1 The city has published annual CAP reports since 2017, and staff will continue to report on implementation activities annually. The annual reports will include the most recently available greenhouse gas emissions data, implementation status of each action, and progress toward achieving the emission reduction targets. As technologies and markets change and data becomes available, these reports will continue to be used to track progress and identify actions that need to be improved, adjusted or removed. The city will need to evaluate and monitor performance over time and alter or amend the plan if it is not following the emission trends needed to meet its reduction targets as part of its annual reporting process. In addition to annual reporting, staff will be creating an online dashboard for tracking progress on the CAP update to provide more accessible, timely and transparent information on its implementation. Staff will continue to seek external funding to support implementation of the CAP update. Staff will prepare future updates to the CAP to account for any new state or federal legislation, measures and actions, as well as any relevant findings and recommendations from the city’s annual monitoring reports. Based on state guidance, the CAP should be updated within five years, which means a target completion in 2029. If the City Council selects one of the options that excludes one or more measures listed in the publicly available draft CAP update, staff will revise the Draft Climate Action Plan Update to make appropriate updates to the document. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 13 of 637 Environmental Evaluation In accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act, the CEQA Guidelines, and the environmental protection procedures of the Carlsbad Municipal Code (Title 19), the Climate Action Plan was first evaluated in the General Plan update and Climate Action Plan Final Program Environmental Impact Report, State Clearinghouse No. 2011011004. This report evaluated the potential environmental effects of implementing the greenhouse gas reduction measures contained in the 2015 CAP. That environmental impact report was certified as complete by the City Council on Sept. 22, 2015. The Draft Climate Action Plan update was then reevaluated as part of the Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element update Supplemental Environmental Impact Report (SEIR), State Clearinghouse No. 2022090339, certified by the City Council on Jan. 30, 2024. (Exhibit 9) When taking subsequent discretionary actions for which a program environmental impact report has been certified, the lead agency is required to determine if subsequent activities are within the scope of the prior environmental analysis and/or review any changed circumstances or new information to determine whether any of the circumstances in CEQA Guidelines Sections 15162 and 15168 require additional environmental review. Staff have determined that the potential environmental impacts of the Draft Climate Action Plan Update are within the scope of the previously certified CEQA documents and none of the conditions requiring subsequent or supplemental environmental review under Guidelines Section 15162 exists. In addition, since only minor or technical changes to the previously certified environmental impact reports were necessary, an addendum was prepared in accordance with CEQA Guidelines Section 15164. The addendum demonstrates that the draft CAP update will not result in any potentially significant impacts to the environment. According to CEQA Guidelines Section 15164(c), the addendum does not require circulation for public review. However, the addendum was posted on the city’s website to accompany the Draft Climate Action Plan Update for informational purposes. Staff recommend City Council adoption of the resolution in Exhibit 5, certifying the addendum to the Supplemental Environmental Impact Report provided as Attachment A of Exhibit 5. Exhibits 1. City Council resolution – Climate Action Plan Update, Option 1 2. City Council resolution – Climate Action Plan Update, Option 2 3. City Council resolution – Climate Action Plan Update, Option 3 4. City Council resolution – Climate Action Plan Update, Option 4 5. City Council resolution – Addendum to the SEIR 6. Public feedback received on Draft Climate Action Plan update for Planning Commission meetings 7. Planning Commission staff report dated Sept. 4, 2024 (on file in the office of the City Clerk) 8. Planning Commission staff report dated Oct. 2, 2024 (on file in the office of the City Clerk) 9. City Council Resolution No. 2024-014 (on file in the office of the City Clerk) Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 14 of 637 Exhibit 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 15 of 637 RESOLUTION NO. 2024-248 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA, ADOPTING THE PUBLICLY POSTED DRAFT CLIMATE ACTION PLAN UPDATE, EXCLUDING MEASURES E-3.2, E-3.3 AND E-4.2 (NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDING ENERGY -UPDATED REACH CODE, NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDING ENERGY-SOLAR CARPORTS, AND RESIDENTIAL BUILDING ENERGY-UPDATED REACH CODE, RESPECTIVELY) TO MEET THE REQUIRED 2045 REDUCTION TARGET WHEREAS, the City of Carlsbad was one of the first cities in the county to adopt a qualified Climate Action Plan, or CAP, that outlined strategies and policies to reduce greenhouse gas, or GHG, emissions; and WHEREAS, since then, communitywide GHG inventories and statewide targets have been updated, presenting the opportunity for the city to update its CAP and further pursue the community's goal of promoting a sustainable environment; and WHEREAS, the purpose of the CAP Update is to describe how GHG emissions within the City of Carlsbad will be reduced in accordance with state targets; and WHEREAS, the city prepared a 2016 GHG inventory and forecast to inform the CAP Update; and WHEREAS, based on the 2016 inventory, emissions forecasts, and suite of reduction measures, the statewide reduction targets for 2035, derived from Senate Bill 32, and 2045, derived from Assembly Bill 1279, can be met through implementation of the CAP Update; and WHEREAS, on Jan. 30, 2024, the City Council certified the Supplemental Environmental Impact Report for the General Plan Land Use and Community Design Element and Public Safety Element (EIR 2022-0007); and WHEREAS, an addendum to EIR 2022-0007 was prepared and indicated no significant environmental impacts would occur as a result of implementing the CAP Update; and WHEREAS, the city posted a public draft of the CAP Update to its website on July 8, 2024; and WHEREAS, the City Council recommended changes to the publicly posted Draft CAP Update so that the measures meet the required 2045 reduction target; and WHEREAS, these changes would be so that the following three measures would be excluded in the CAP Update: E-3.2, Nonresidential Building Energy -Updated Reach Code, E-3.3, Nonresidential Building Energy -Solar Carports, and E-4.2, Residential Building Energy -Updated Reach Code; and Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 16 of 637 WHEREAS, amending the proposed project to remove Measures E-3.2, E-3.3, and E-4 .2 is consistent with the environmental analysis. The addendum to EIR 2022-0007 considered the impact of including Measures E-3.2, E-3.3, and E-4.2 and concluded that there were no significant environmental impacts that would occur as a result of implementing those measures. Removing Measures E-3.2, E- 3.3, and E-4.2 would not create any substantial or net new impacts, and it would not increase the severity of any impacts which have been evaluated by the addendum to the EIR. NOW, THEREF ORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Carlsbad, California, as follows: 1. That the above recitations are true and correct. 2. That based on the evidence presented at the public hearing, the City Council adopts a Climate Action Plan Update as amended from the publicly posted draft, so that measures meet the required 2045 reduction target and excludes the following measures: E-3.2, Nonresidential Building Energy, Updated Reach Code, E-3.3, Nonresidential Building Energy -So lar Carports, and E-4.2, Residential Building Energy -Updated Reach Code. PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED at a Regular Meeting of the City Council of the City of Carlsbad on the 12th day of November, 2024, by the following vote, to wit: AYES : NAYS: ABSTAIN: ABSENT: BLACKBURN, BHAT-PATEL, BURKHOLDER, LUNA. ACOSTA. NONE. NONE. KEITH BLACKBURN, Mayor SHERRY FREISING ER, City Clerk (SEAL) Exhibit 2 RESOLUTION NO. . A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA, ADOPTING THE PUBLICLY POSTED DRAFT CLIMATE ACTION PLAN UPDATE, EXCLUDING MEASURE E-3.2 (NONRESIDENTIAL BUILDING ENERGY – UPDATED REACH CODE), WHICH WOULD EXCEED THE 2045 REDUCTION TARGET BY APPROXIMATELY 200 MT CO2E WHEREAS, the City of Carlsbad was one of the first cities in the county to adopt a qualified Climate Action Plan, or CAP, that outlined strategies and policies to reduce greenhouse gas, or GHG, emissions; and WHEREAS, since then, communitywide GHG inventories and statewide targets have been updated, presenting the opportunity for the city to update its CAP and further pursue the community’s goal of promoting a sustainable environment; and WHEREAS, the purpose of the CAP Update is to describe how GHG emissions within the City of Carlsbad will be reduced in accordance with state targets; and WHEREAS, the city prepared a 2016 GHG inventory and forecast to inform the CAP Update; and WHEREAS, based on the 2016 inventory, emissions forecasts, and suite of reduction measures, the statewide reduction targets for 2035, derived from Senate Bill 32, and 2045, derived from Assembly Bill 1279, can be met through implementation of the CAP Update; and WHEREAS, on Jan. 30, 2024, the City Council certified the Supplemental Environmental Impact Report for the General Plan Land Use and Community Design Element and Public Safety Element (EIR 2022-0007); and WHEREAS, an addendum to EIR 2022-0007 was prepared and indicated no significant environmental impacts would occur as a result of implementing the CAP Update; and WHEREAS, the city posted a public draft of the CAP Update to its website on July 8, 2024; and WHEREAS, the City Council recommended changes to the publicly posted Draft CAP Update that still exceeded the 2045 reduction target, but by a different amount from what is included in the publicly posted draft; and WHEREAS, these changes would be to exclude Measure E-3.2, Nonresidential Building Energy – Updated Reach Code, which would mean the CAP Update would exceed the 2045 reduction target by approximately 200 MT CO2e; and Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 17 of 637 WHEREAS, amending the proposed project to remove Measure E-3.2 is consistent with the environmental analysis. The addendum to EIR 2022-0007 considered the impact of including Measure E-3.2 and concluded that there were no significant environmental impacts that would occur as a result of implementing the measure. Removing Measure E-3.2 would not create any substantial or net new impacts, and it would not increase the severity of any impacts which have been evaluated by the addendum to the EIR. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Carlsbad, California, as follows: 1.That the above recitations are true and correct. 2.That based on the evidence presented at the public hearing, the City Council adopts a Climate Action Plan Update as amended from the publicly posted draft, excluding Measure E-3.2 (Nonresidential Building Energy – Updated Reach Code), which would exceed the 2045 reduction target by approximately 200 MT CO2e. PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED at a Regular Meeting of the City Council of the City of Carlsbad on the __ day of ________, 2024, by the following vote, to wit: AYES: NAYS: ABSTAIN: ABSENT: ______________________________________ KEITH BLACKBURN, Mayor ______________________________________ SHERRY FREISINGER, City Clerk (SEAL) Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 18 of 637 Exhibit 3 RESOLUTION NO. . A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA, ADOPTING THE PUBLICLY POSTED DRAFT CLIMATE ACTION PLAN UPDATE, EXCLUDING MEASURE E-4.2 (RESIDENTIAL BUILDING ENERGY – UPDATED REACH CODE), WHICH WOULD EXCEED THE 2045 REDUCTION TARGET BY APPROXIMATELY 4,000 MT CO2E WHEREAS, the City of Carlsbad was one of the first cities in the county to adopt a qualified Climate Action Plan, or CAP, that outlined strategies and policies to reduce greenhouse gas, or GHG, emissions; and WHEREAS, since then, communitywide GHG inventories and statewide targets have been updated, presenting the opportunity for the city to update its CAP and further pursue the community’s goal of promoting a sustainable environment; and WHEREAS, the purpose of the CAP Update is to describe how GHG emissions within the City of Carlsbad will be reduced in accordance with state targets; and WHEREAS, the city prepared a 2016 GHG inventory and forecast to inform the CAP Update; and WHEREAS, based on the 2016 inventory, emissions forecasts, and suite of reduction measures, the statewide reduction targets for 2035, derived from Senate Bill 32, and 2045, derived from Assembly Bill 1279, can be met through implementation of the CAP Update; and WHEREAS, on Jan. 30, 2024, the City Council certified the Supplemental Environmental Impact Report for the General Plan Land Use and Community Design Element and Public Safety Element (EIR 2022-0007); and WHEREAS, an addendum to EIR 2022-0007 was prepared and indicated no significant environmental impacts would occur as a result of implementing the Climate Action Plan Update; and WHEREAS, the city posted a public draft of the CAP Update to its website on July 8, 2024; and WHEREAS, the City Council recommended changes to the publicly posted Draft CAP Update that still exceeded the 2045 reduction target, but by a different amount from what is included in the publicly posted draft; and WHEREAS, these changes would be to exclude Measure E-.4.2, Residential Building Energy – Updated Reach Code, which would mean the CAP Update would exceed the 2045 reduction target by approximately 4,000 MT CO2e; and Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 19 of 637 WHEREAS, amending the proposed project to remove Measure E-4.2 is consistent with the environmental analysis. The addendum to EIR 2022-0007 considered the impact of including Measure E-4.2 and concluded that there were no significant environmental impacts that would occur as a result of implementing the measure. Removing Measure E-4.2 would not create any substantial or net new impacts, and it would not increase the severity of any impacts which have been evaluated by the addendum to the EIR. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Carlsbad, California, as follows: 1.That the above recitations are true and correct. 2.That based on the evidence presented at the public hearing, the City Council adopts a Climate Action Plan Update as amended from the publicly posted draft, excluding Measure E-4.2 (Residential Building Energy – Updated Reach Code), which would exceed the 2045 reduction target by approximately 4,000 MT CO2e. PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED at a Regular Meeting of the City Council of the City of Carlsbad on the __ day of ________, 2024, by the following vote, to wit: AYES: NAYS: ABSTAIN: ABSENT: ______________________________________ KEITH BLACKBURN, Mayor ______________________________________ SHERRY FREISINGER, City Clerk (SEAL) Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 20 of 637 Exhibit 4 RESOLUTION NO. . A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA, ADOPTING THE PUBLICLY POSTED DRAFT CLIMATE ACTION PLAN UPDATE, WHICH WOULD EXCEED THE 2045 REDUCTION TARGET BY APPROXIMATELY 6,000 MT CO2E WHEREAS, the City of Carlsbad was one of the first cities in the county to adopt a qualified Climate Action Plan, or CAP, that outlined strategies and policies to reduce greenhouse gas, or GHG, emissions; and WHEREAS, since then, communitywide GHG inventories and statewide targets have been updated, presenting the opportunity for the city to update its CAP and further pursue the community’s goal of promoting a sustainable environment; and WHEREAS, the purpose of the CAP Update is to describe how GHG emissions within the City of Carlsbad will be reduced in accordance with state targets; and WHEREAS, the city prepared a 2016 GHG inventory and forecast to inform the CAP Update; and WHEREAS, based on the 2016 inventory, emissions forecasts, and suite of reduction measures, the statewide reduction targets for 2035, derived from Senate Bill 32, and 2045, derived from Assembly Bill 1279, can be met through implementation of the CAP Update; and WHEREAS, on Jan. 30, 2024, the City Council certified the Supplemental Environmental Impact Report for the General Plan Land Use and Community Design Element and Public Safety Element (EIR 2022-0007); and WHEREAS, an addendum to EIR 2022-0007 was prepared and indicated no significant environmental impacts would occur as a result of implementing the CAP Update; and WHEREAS, the city posted a public draft of the CAP Update to its website on July 8, 2024 (Attachment A). NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Carlsbad, California, as follows: 1.That the above recitations are true and correct. 2.That based on the evidence presented at the public hearing, the City Council adopts the publicly posted draft of the CAP Update, Attachment A. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 21 of 637 PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED at a Regular Meeting of the City Council of the City of Carlsbad on the __ day of ________, 2024, by the following vote, to wit: AYES: NAYS: ABSTAIN: ABSENT: ______________________________________ KEITH BLACKBURN, Mayor ______________________________________ SHERRY FREISINGER, City Clerk (SEAL) Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 22 of 637 ASCENT Attachment A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 23 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 2 CITY OF CARLSBAD Climate Action Plan July 2024 Prepared for: City of Carlsbad Prepared by: Ascent Environmental, Inc. dba Ascent Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 24 of 637 {city of Carlsbad ~EPIC ENERGY POLICY INITIATIVES CENTER UNIVERSITY OF SAN DIEGO SCHOOL OF LAW City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update i Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION 1.1 Climate Change and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Overview.............................................. 1-2 1.2 Climate Regulatory Framework ........................................................................................ 1-3 1.3 Planning Process .............................................................................................................. 1-4 1.4 City Plans and Policies ...................................................................................................... 1-5 1.5 California Environmental Quality Act Streamlining .......................................................... 1-5 1.6 How to Read This Plan ...................................................................................................... 1-7 CHAPTER 2. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS INVENTORY, FORECASTS, AND TARGETS 2.1 2016 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory ..................................................................... 2-2 2.2 Business-as-Usual Greenhouse Gas Emissions Forecasts ................................................. 2-4 2.3 Greenhouse Gas Reduction Targets ................................................................................. 2-5 2.4 Greenhouse Gas Reductions from Federal and State Actions .......................................... 2-6 Federal and California Vehicle Efficiency Standards ......................................................... 2-6 California Energy Efficiency Programs .............................................................................. 2-7 Renewables Portfolio Standard ........................................................................................ 2-7 Clean Energy, Jobs, and Affordability Act of 2022 ............................................................ 2-7 California Solar Policy, Programs and Mandates .............................................................. 2-7 2.5 Local Greenhouse Gas Emissions Gap .............................................................................. 2-7 CHAPTER 3. GREENHOUSE GAS REDUCTION STRATEGIES AND MEASURES 3.1 Overview .......................................................................................................................... 3-1 3.2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Quantification Analysis ........................................ 3-2 3.3 Detailed Strategies and Measures .................................................................................... 3-4 Water & Wastewater ....................................................................................................... 3-8 Energy .......................................................................................................................... 3-12 Solid Waste..................................................................................................................... 3-23 Transportation................................................................................................................ 3-26 Off-Road ......................................................................................................................... 3-39 Carbon Sequestration..................................................................................................... 3-43 CHAPTER 4. IMPLEMENTATION AND MONITORING 4.1 Implementation Strategy ................................................................................................. 4-1 4.2 California Environmental Quality Act Streamlining .......................................................... 4-2 4.3 Monitoring and Reporting ................................................................................................ 4-2 CHAPTER 5. WORKS CITED Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 25 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update ii Appendices Appendix A: Glossary Appendix B: List of Acronyms and Abbreviations Appendix C: GHG Emissions Inventory, Forecast and Targets Documentation and GHG Reduction Measures Quantification Appendix D: Public Input Summaries Appendix E: Implementation Cost Analysis Appendix F: CAP Update Consistency Checklist Figures Figure 2.1 Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Carlsbad (2016) .......................................................... 2-3 Figure 2.2 Examples of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Equivalencies ............................................. 2-4 Figure 2.3 Business-as-Usual Greenhouse Gas Emissions Forecasts .......................................... 2-5 Figure 2.4 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions and Targets.................................................. 2-8 Figure 3.1 Structure of Greenhouse Gas Reduction Strategies and Measures ........................... 3-2 Figure 3.2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions by Measure Type (2035) ............................. 3-5 Figure 3.3 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions by Measure Type (2045) ............................. 3-6 Tables Table 2.1 Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Carlsbad (2016) .......................................................... 2-3 Table 2.2 Business-as-Usual Greenhouse Gas Emissions Forecasts and Reduction Targets...... 2-6 Table 2.3 2035 and 2045 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions and “Gap” ........................... 2-8 Table 3.1 Summary of 2035 and 2045 Emissions Reductions from Greenhouse Gas Reduction Measures .................................................................................................. 3-2 Table 3.2 2035 and 2045 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions and Targets ......................... 3-4 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 26 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update iii Acknowledgments Acknowledgments The City of Carlsbad’s Climate Action Plan Update was made possible with the contributions of many. While hundreds of Carlsbad residents, businesses, advocates, and other local partners committed their time and effort, a special thanks is made to the efforts of the following. City Council Mayor Keith Blackburn Mayor Pro Tem Priya Bhat-Patel, District 3 Council Member Melanie Burkholder, District 1 Council Member Carolyn Luna, District 2 Council Member Teresa Acosta, District 4 City of Carlsbad Staff Thank you to the numerous city staff who contributed their time and effort to the Climate Action Plan Update, with special recognition to the following teams: City Attorney’s Office City Manager’s Office Community Development Department Communication & Engagement Department Construction Management and Inspection Department Environmental Sustainability Department Finance Department Fleet & Facilities Department Human Resources Department Innovation & Economic Development Department Intergovernmental Affairs Department Parks & Recreation Department Transportation Department Utilities Department Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC) – University of San Diego Scott Anders, Director Nilmini Silva-Send, PhD, Associate Director Yichao Gu, Senior Policy Analyst Xiaodan Chen, PhD, Technical Policy Analyst II Ascent Environmental, Inc. Poonam Boparai, Principal Andrew Beecher, Senior Climate Action Planner Matt Gelbman, Senior Urban Planner John Steponick, Climate Adaptation Analyst Natalie Kataoka, Climate Action Analyst Corey Alling, Communications Specialist Gayiety Lane, Senior Publishing Specialist Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 27 of 637 Climate Action Plan Update To support California’s ambitious emissions reduction goals, in 2015, the City of Carlsbad was one of the first cities in the county to adopt a Climate Action Plan that outlined strategies and policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in a measurable way. Since 2015, state targets have been updated, and the city has more current information about the amount of greenhouse gas emissions generated by different sources in Carlsbad. The Climate Action Plan Update reflects the most recent data and legislation. Climate action plans are comprehensive roadmaps that outline the specific activities that a government agency will undertake to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. These plans typically include: • Specific city-sponsored initiatives and actions that the city controls directly, such as operations at city buildings and the types of cars in the city’s fleet. • Policies to direct, guide or influence actions of third parties, such as a requirement to recycle food scraps and energy efficiency standards for new building construction. Greenhouse gas reduction measures The Climate Action Plan Update includes 25 measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions, grouped into six categories or “strategies.” These measures align the city with the State of California’s targets while also addressing the specific needs of the Carlsbad community, including low-income and historically disadvantaged communities. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 28 of 637 ENERGY WATER WASTE DIVERSION TRANSPORTATION OFF-ROAD EQUIPMENT CARBON SEQUESTRATION Climate Action Plan Executive Summary 2 Greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad An updated greenhouse gas emissions analysis informed the Climate Action Plan Update and greenhouse reduction measures. This analysis included a 2016 inventory covering all greenhouse gas emissions-generating activities in Carlsbad. Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere are often called “greenhouse gases,” or GHGs. Burning fossil fuels generates greenhouse gas emissions, like carbon dioxide and methane, which contribute to climate change. How are greenhouse gases generated in Carlsbad? Greenhouse gas emissions typically come from the following actions: • The operation of city offices, community centers, libraries and other buildings • Energy to operate streetlights and traffic signals • Energy required to pump water to homes and businesses • Energy required to pump wastewater from homes and businesses to the treatment plant, plus the energy to treat and dispose of the wastewater • Vehicles, such as fire trucks, police cars, utility trucks and cars • Equipment like bulldozers, skip loaders and excavators • Power generation for homes and businesses • Energy needed to collect and process trash, recycling and organics Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 29 of 637 Electricity, 27% Natural gas, 14% Other vehicles/ equipment, 30/o Solid waste, 40/o Water treatment/delivery, 1 % Wastewater treatment, 0.30% Transportation (on roads/streets), 510/o Climate Action Plan Executive Summary 3 Greenhouse gas reduction targets California state laws set targets for greenhouse gas emission reductions. The city’s Climate Action Plan Update outlines measures to achieve these reduction targets. The Climate Action Plan Update outlines strategies and measures to achieve the following greenhouse gas emission reductions: • 50% below 2016 emissions by 2035 • 85% below 2016 levels by 2045 Tracking the city’s progress To track Climate Action Plan Update progress, the city will collect data to measure the success of the greenhouse gas reduction measures and report this information annually, along with any greenhouse gas inventory updates. Help Carlsbad achieve its goals The success of the Climate Action Plan Update relies on the participation of all community members. Visit carlsbadca.gov/cap to learn about easy and cost-effective ways residents and businesses can reduce their carbon footprint. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 30 of 637 100% ... 1,000,000 s::: Q,J 900,000 !'Cl .2: 800,000 :::I C"' 700,000 Q,J "' 600,000 0 u 500,000 Ill s::: 400,000 0 ... u 300,000 'i: ... 200,000 Q,J ::?i 100,000 0 2016 2035 2045 -Carlsbad GHG emissions GHG emiss ions target through Climate Action Plan implementation City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 1-1 1 Introduction The City of Carlsbad (city) strives to provide a clean and safe environment for residents, workers and visitors by protecting natural resources and facing the challenge of climate change head on. With these goals in mind, Carlsbad has become a regional leader in climate action with early and sustained efforts to reduce its contribution to climate change. This Climate Action Plan Update (CAP Update) serves to continue and elevate this commitment by realigning its climate action policies with the most recent technological advancements, best practices and state legislation. The CAP Update contains strategies to reduce local greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and streamline environmental review of future development projects in the city in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) such that new development is designed and built following sustainable practices. This is the city’s second comprehensive CAP, following the original CAP, which was adopted in September 2015 and then amended in May 2020. This document is hereafter referred to as the “CAP Update” and is understood to supersede the existing CAP once adopted. CAP Update strategies reflect the goals and policies of the city’s General Plan, addressing topics such as increasing energy efficiency, expanding bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure and achieving solid waste reduction. The CAP Update also supports the city’s Community Vision, most notably the “Sustainability” Core Value1. Development of the CAP Update allowed the city to reassess its near- and long-term targets for reducing local GHG emissions. The GHG emissions inventory, presented in Chapter 2, illustrates the sources of all citywide GHG emissions and was used to target areas where strategies for GHG reduction were most needed and could have the greatest impact. These GHG emissions reduction strategies are necessary to prevent the acceleration of global warming and the worsening of climate-related events, as well as to align with the goals of the State of California and the Paris Agreement2. As a commitment to reducing its GHG emissions and to remain consistent with state legislation, the city has identified GHG reduction targets for the years 2035 and 2045 that align with the state’s GHG reduction targets codified by Senate Bill (SB) 32 and Assembly Bill (AB) 1279. These GHG reduction targets are discussed in more detail in Chapter 2. 1 See here for further background on the city’s Community Vision: https://www.carlsbadca.gov/residents/community-vision. 2 The primary goal of the Paris Agreement is to keep “a global temperature rise this century well below 2 degrees Celsius (i.e., 3.6 degrees Fahrenheit) above pre-industrial levels and to pursue efforts to limit the temperature increase even further to 1.5 degrees Celsius (i.e., 2.5 degrees Fahrenheit)” (UN Climate Change n.d.) Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 31 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 1-2 1.1 Climate Change and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Overview As California continues to experience rising temperatures, increasingly volatile severe storms, intense drought, and other devastating climate impacts, it is evident that the effects of global climate change are already occurring. The impacts of climate change across the state will vary due to California’s diverse biophysical setting, climate, and community characteristics. However, even modest changes in temperature and precipitation regimes could have significant effects on the state’s ecosystems (OPR, CEC, and CNRA 2018). At a regional level, the average annual temperature in San Diego County is projected to continue increasing steadily over time, with shorter wet seasons and greater fluctuations in year-to-year precipitation (CEC 2024). These projected climatic changes can directly and adversely impact community members, natural resources, critical facilities, buildings, services and infrastructure across the city (City of Carlsbad 2023). The science behind climate change is related to the greenhouse effect, which is a natural process that insulates the Earth and helps regulate its temperature due to the presence of GHGs in the atmosphere. Metaphorically, GHGs, such as water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (N2O), act as a blanket surrounding our planet and are necessary to sustain life on Earth—without them, temperatures would be much colder, leaving Earth unsuitable to sustain human life. However, even though the greenhouse effect is a necessary, natural process, it has become exacerbated by human activities, notably through the burning of fossil fuels. These human activities are continuing to release an excess amount of GHGs into the atmosphere that have caused the Earth’s climate to warm at an unprecedented rate (i.e., climate change), which has already been proven to have dire consequences around the world. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 32 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 1-3 Carlsbad will continue to experience the effects of climate change and is highly vulnerable to the same hazards present throughout San Diego County due to its coastal location and dry climate (City of Carlsbad 2023). The annual average maximum temperature is predicted to increase by at least 3.2 degrees Fahrenheit over the next 30 years (City Carlsbad 2023; CEC 2024). Future drought conditions will continue to exacerbate the threat of wildfire and contribute to slope instability following periods of heavy rain (County of San Diego 2022). Along the Carlsbad coast, the sea level is expected to rise at least one foot by 2050, with an increase of at least six feet by 2100 due to rising temperatures across the globe and ocean thermal expansion coupled with melting ice (City of Carlsbad, 2023). Populations that are most affected by these hazards include but are not limited to those who are socially vulnerable, indigenous, chronically ill, disabled, children, elders, pregnant and workers who labor outdoors or are in emergency response professions (EPA 2023). Carlsbad has also identified strategies to aid people experiencing homelessness, which remains a particularly vulnerable population (City of Carlsbad 2022). As climate change continues to increase the frequency and severity of climate hazards, Carlsbad remains committed to reducing its emissions, as evidenced by this CAP Update. 1.2 Climate Regulatory Framework Since the adoption of the original CAP, new federal and state legislation has been adopted to both strengthen commitments to and implement regulations to support reducing GHG emissions. Recently, federal climate legislation has targeted vehicle emissions via updates to the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFÉ) Standards and the Renewable Fuel Standard Program. President Biden issued Executive Order (EO) 13990, “Protecting Public Health and the Environment and Restoring Science to Tackle the Climate Crisis,” in January 2021, directing executive departments and agencies to confront the climate crisis. A few months later, the Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, also known as the Bipartisan Infrastructure Act, promised long-term investment toward tackling the climate crisis. In 2022, President Biden signed the Inflation Reduction Act, committing federal investment in GHG reduction strategies and setting a target to reduce GHG emissions by roughly 40 percent below 2005 levels by 2030. At the state level, even more aggressive GHG reduction targets have been adopted since Carlsbad’s first CAP was adopted in 2015. AB 32 was signed into law in 2006, which codified the first statewide GHG reduction target of reducing statewide emissions below 1990 levels by 2020. The AB 32 target served as the basis for Carlsbad’s reduction targets in 2015 CAP. California surpassed the AB 32 target of reducing GHG emissions to 1990 levels with its reported statewide 2016 inventory (CARB 2020). In September 2016, SB 32 codified into statute a GHG reduction target of 40 percent below 1990 emissions levels by 2030; this target was first incorporated into the city’s CAP through the 2020 amendment. More recently, AB 1279, signed in September 2022, established a statewide target of reducing GHG emissions by 85 percent below 1990 levels no later than 2045 and achieving net zero emissions through carbon dioxide removal. AB 1279 is a key reason for Carlsbad’s CAP Update, and the city intends to reach the 85 percent reduction target by 2045 established by the legislation. As further described in Chapter 2, the state’s plan to achieve net zero emissions by 2045 relies on carbon removal through natural and mechanical means, which is not feasible at scale for local jurisdictions, including Carlsbad. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 33 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 1-4 1.3 Planning Process The CAP Update is intended to build upon the successes of the original CAP while reflecting the needs and goals of the Carlsbad community. The planning process for the CAP Update was collaborative and iterative and allowed stakeholders to provide informed input on their vision for Carlsbad. Data from the city’s GHG emissions inventory and CAP Annual Reports were used to provide a clear picture of successes and challenges in the past. Climate Action Plan Annual Reports Since the adoption of the original CAP, the city has completed the implementation of 16 measures, or nearly half of all measures included in the CAP. The successes and challenges with each measure from the original CAP are included in the CAP Annual Reports, which are published annually, with the most recent being the seventh report published in April 2024. The CAP Annual Reports provided a data- informed decision-making tool highlighting how existing GHG reduction measures could be modified to achieve further success and identifying target areas for new GHG reduction measures as part of the CAP Update. Public Engagement Throughout the CAP Update process, the city has conducted extensive and targeted outreach to engage as many community members as possible and ensure that the planning process is inclusive and representative of various needs and viewpoints. The city conducted two phases of outreach for the CAP Update, with the first phase focused on receiving input on broader environmental sustainability needs and priorities, and the second phase focused on receiving more targeted feedback on the GHG reduction measures being considered. The city conducted a variety of public engagement activities, reaching a wide range of audiences and striving to ensure the format of participation was accessible. This included virtual workshops, online surveys, stakeholder interviews, tabling or speaking at community events, hosting informational booths and soliciting feedback from the City Council. It was important to the city to engage with underrepresented communities to ensure the CAP Update would reflect the interests and meet the needs of all of Carlsbad. Intentional stakeholder engagement was crucial to the development of the CAP Update; feedback from stakeholders informed the climate action planning process and the incorporation of equity was central to the city’s considerations. A detailed summary of the feedback received and the community engagement efforts undertaken by the city is provided in Appendix E. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 34 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 1-5 1.4 City Plans and Policies The CAP Update is just one document adopted by the City of Carlsbad addressing climate change. The CAP Update works concurrently with several other plans and policies. In tandem with the identification of GHG reduction targets and measures included in the CAP, the city has developed plans that assist in the implementation of these actions. The Five Year Strategic Plan, adopted in 2021, is one such document that prioritizes where the city will dedicate its resources within five core areas, one of which is sustainability and the natural environment. This CAP Update is a deliverable of the Five Year Strategic Plan. The city’s 2021 Climate Emergency Declaration doubles down on the Five Year Strategic Plan and emphasizes the urgency of addressing climate change under which the CAP Update is being developed. 2015 CAP and 2020 CAP Amendment #1 The city’s original CAP was developed in 2015 in response to AB 32 and the increasing severity of climate events. As statewide targets were adjusted, the city adapted its CAP and GHG reduction targets accordingly. On July 14, 2020, the City Council approved CAP Amendment No. 1 to revise the GHG inventory, reduction targets, and forecast, update calculations for existing measures, remove measures that were superseded by legislative and technology changes, and incorporate community choice energy as a new reduction measure. This was partially influenced by the publication of the 2017 California Air Resources Board (CARB) Climate Change Scoping Plan and the 2018 San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) Regional Climate Action Planning Framework (ReCAP). Both documents included new guidance on calculating GHG reduction targets. The amended CAP contains a 2012 GHG inventory, requiring the recalculation of 2020 and 2035 emissions reduction targets, the business-as- usual (BAU) forecast, state and federal emissions reductions, and local reductions needed to reach the updated reduction targets. The BAU forecast assumed no additional actions to reduce GHG emissions occur after 2016 (the updated baseline inventory year), providing an assessment of how Carlsbad’s GHG emissions would change with future growth. Climate Emergency Resolution In 2021, the City Council signed a declaration of a climate emergency. The Climate Emergency Resolution is an acknowledgment of how climate change is affecting the community and stresses the urgency with which the city needs to act to address these impacts. The reduction of GHG emissions not only decreases Carlsbad’s contributions to global warming, but it also has benefits for the health of its residents and its economy. The city’s commitment to items such as promoting electric vehicles and infrastructure, investing in green technologies and research, and continuing to educate private and public entities are demonstrated in this CAP Update. City of Carlsbad Five-Year Strategic Plan In 2021, the City Council adopted a Five-Year Strategic Plan to focus its resources on community and Council goals. The following strategic goals support the Carlsbad Community Vision: community character, quality of life and safety, sustainability and the natural environment, economic vitality, and organizational excellence and fiscal health. Each goal is categorized by objectives, projects and service commitments. The first strategic objective within the sustainability and the natural environment section is completing a CAP Update to address the ongoing impacts of climate change. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 35 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 1-6 1.5 California Environmental Quality Act Streamlining The CAP Update will continue to serve as a resource for CEQA streamlining, per the provisions of state CEQA Guidelines Section 15183.5. Under these provisions, a project that is subject to discretionary review and is consistent with the city’s 2021-2029 Housing Element Update growth projections can streamline its GHG analysis under CEQA by demonstrating consistency with applicable GHG reduction measures in the CAP Update. The CAP Update serves to fulfill mitigation measure GHG-1 of the Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update Supplemental Environmental Impact Report (SEIR), with the CAP Update GHG reduction target synchronized with the SEIR. The city has also considered the potential environmental impacts of the CAP Update with an addendum to the Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update Supplemental SEIR. A “qualified” CAP, or a GHG reduction plan consistent with CEQA Guidelines Section 15183.5, will allow project-specific environmental documents, if eligible, to tier from and/or incorporate by reference the CAP Update’s programmatic review of GHG impacts in their cumulative impact analyses for GHGs. Streamlined projects fulfill the city’s strategic approach to environmental sustainability, expediting environmental review while meeting the demand for green development. New development constructed in compliance with CAP Update GHG reduction measures further supports a variety of General Plan strategies. Strategies that are aligned between the CAP Update and the General Plan include mixed-use development, higher density infill development and increasing energy efficiency. The CAP Update Consistency Checklist (see Appendix F) is used to demonstrate consistency with the CAP Update and ensure that the specified emissions targets identified in the CAP Update are achieved. A project’s incremental contribution to cumulative GHG emissions may be determined not to be cumulatively considerable based on consistency with forecasts used in the CAP Update and its GHG reduction measures. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 36 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 1-7 1.6 How to Read This Plan Purpose To reduce GHG emissions in line with statewide goals and targets, the City of Carlsbad continues to identify areas in which it can take greater action. This CAP Update includes updated measures and actions that outline where emissions reductions are necessary to achieve its updated GHG reduction targets. Tracking the progress of emissions reductions via quantifiable metrics and detailed implementation steps is one way the city can provide transparency in its efforts to prevent the acceleration of climate change. These efforts will ultimately increase Carlsbad’s resiliency in the face of climate impacts. Organization and Style The CAP Update is organized into four chapters. Chapter 1 introduces the purpose of the CAP Update, its development, and how it fits in with existing climate legislation. Chapter 2 contains the city’s GHG emissions inventory, forecast of future emissions in the city, and GHG reduction targets. GHG reduction strategies, measures, actions and other data and details are included in Chapter 3, organized into six strategies: (1) water & wastewater; (2) energy; (3) solid waste; (4) transportation; (5) off-road equipment; and (6) carbon sequestration. Chapter 4 provides a framework for implementing and monitoring the CAP and includes guidance for future climate action planning efforts. Lastly, Chapter 5 includes works cited. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 37 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 1-8 Co-Benefits While the CAP Update is primarily geared toward reducing GHG emissions and addressing climate change-related vulnerabilities within the city, it will also result in numerous environmental, economic, and social “co-benefits” to residents, workers and visitors. Co-benefits result from the implementation of CAP Update actions and are additional valuable outcomes that are not the primary intent of GHG reduction measures, such as improvements to local air quality and water supply, increases in local green jobs and cost savings, and benefits to public health and improved mobility options. For example, in addition to reducing GHG emissions, implementation of an action to encourage the installation of solar panels on buildings will reduce GHG emissions, but it will also provide the co-benefit of financial savings to building owners through reduced energy costs and increased resiliency against grid outages during extreme weather events. Co-benefits identified in this CAP Update include air pollution prevention, benefits to health and well- being, increased reliability of critical infrastructure and services, enhancement of community character, job development and resource preservation. Equity The city understands the importance of equity, especially in the context of climate change, and will work to ensure that all members of the community experience the benefits that result from CAP Update implementation. Because of that, equity considerations were included in the development of GHG reduction measures, where applicable (see Chapter 3 for more details). The city also strove to reach a wide audience, especially underrepresented groups, to solicit input on the CAP Update. However, the equity considerations included in this CAP Update should serve only as a starting point in promoting equity within the city. Further analyses and additional efforts are needed to ensure that benefits are accessible and distributed equitably. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 38 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 2-1 2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory, Forecasts, and Targets An important component of climate action planning is the data-informed process of understanding how greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions are generated in the City of Carlsbad (city) and how they are expected to change with future growth. This process, which is known as preparing a GHG emissions inventory, is the accounting of emissions generating activities (such as vehicle travel and energy use) within a jurisdiction’s boundary to demonstrate its overall contribution to climate change. A series of questions can be answered from a GHG inventory to assist in the climate action planning process, including: What are the GHG emissions sources in the city from smallest to largest? How might GHG emissions change in the future with growth and as a result of state and federal regulations? How do the city’s GHG emissions compare to the reduction targets informed by state legislation? What is within the city’s control to reduce local GHG emissions? This information is even more impactful when GHG emissions inventories are performed regularly over time, as they allow the city to monitor how GHG emissions are changing as GHG reduction measures are implemented. This chapter presents the technical basis for the Climate Action Plan Update (CAP Update). It includes an overview of Carlsbad’s 2016 GHG emissions inventory, how future GHG emissions may change (i.e., GHG emissions forecasts), and city- specific GHG reduction targets that align with state legislation. Technical methods are elaborated further in Appendix C. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 39 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 2-2 2.1 2016 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory Generally, community GHG emissions inventories identify the sources, activities, and sectors that generate emissions from activities within a jurisdiction and the relative contributions of each. Several community inventories have been prepared for the city since the original CAP, providing a detailed accounting of the sources and quantities of GHG emissions generated from activities within the community over time. This CAP Update uses 2016 as the baseline year for its GHG inventory, which provides a snapshot of GHG emissions and may influence related policy decisions to reduce emissions. The GHG inventory was prepared in accordance with the U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (Community Protocol), developed by the International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives (ICLEI). The California Air Resources Board (CARB) advises local governments to utilize the Community Protocol for GHG emissions assessments and climate action planning processes. Methods based on the Community Protocol were modified with regional- or city- specific data when available. The three primary GHGs considered in the city’s GHG inventory are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O). Emissions of these gases were converted to a comparable unit by multiplying each non-CO2 gas by its global warming potential (GWP), which enables the reporting of emissions in terms of carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e). For example, CH4 is 25 times more potent than CO2 over a 100-year time period. This conversion allows consideration of all gases in comparable terms and makes it easier to communicate how various sources and types of GHG emissions contribute to climate change. GHG emissions are reported in metric tons of CO2e (MTCO2e), the standard measurement for the amounts of GHG emissions created and released into the atmosphere, using the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Fourth Assessment Report GWP values. The basic calculation for estimating GHG emissions involves two primary inputs: activity data and emissions factors. Activity data refers to the amount of GHG emission generating activities that occur within the city boundary, while emissions factors are the amount of GHG emissions that are produced for each of these activities. Emissions factors are applied to activity data (i.e., the two values are multiplied) to estimate GHG emissions. The results of the 2016 GHG emissions inventory show that total emissions for the city equal 981,000 MTCO2e. Emissions from on-road transportation, which includes fossil fuel (e.g., gasoline and diesel) combustion in vehicles, accounted for approximately 51 percent of community emissions. The second largest sector in 2016 was electricity, which contributed approximately 27 percent of community GHG emissions, with the natural gas sector representing 14 percent of the city’s emissions. Solid waste and off-road transportation (e.g., light commercial equipment, lawn and garden equipment, construction equipment) accounted for four percent and three percent, respectively, and water contributed one percent of the total emissions. Wastewater contributed less than one percent of the total emissions. Figure 2.1 and Table 2.1 provide a summary of the city’s GHG emissions inventory results. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 40 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 2-3 Notes: Percentages are rounded to the nearest whole percentage and may not add up to 100 percent due to rounding; % = percent. Source: EPIC 2023. Figure 2.1 Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Carlsbad (2016) Table 2.1 Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Carlsbad (2016) Sector GHG Emissions (MTCO2e) Percent of Total On-Road Transportation1 502,000 51% Electricity 269,000 27% Natural Gas 133,000 14% Solid Waste 35,000 4% Off-Road Transportation 31,000 3% Water 8,000 1% Wastewater 3,000 <1% Total 981,000 100% Notes: GHG emissions are rounded to the nearest thousand, and percentages are rounded to the nearest whole percentage. All table values were calculated before being rounded, and individual values may not add up to totals due to rounding. < = less than; % = percent; GHG = greenhouse gas; MTCO2e = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent. 1 2016 vehicle miles traveled data is from SANDAG’s activity-based model (ABM2+), No Build Dataset 41 (DS 41) base year. Source: EPIC 2023. On-Road Transportation 51% Electricity 27% Natural Gas 14% Solid Waste 4% Off-Road Transportation 3% Water 1%Wastewater 0.3% Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 41 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 2-4 As shown in Figure 2.2, community emissions in 2016 of 981,000 MTCO2e are equivalent to using 110 million gallons of gasoline or driving 218,000 passenger vehicles continuously for one year. It is also equivalent to 48,000 garbage trucks of waste recycled instead of landfilled and 124,000 homes’ electricity use for one year (EPA 2024). Source: EPA 2024; adapted by Ascent in 2024. Figure 2.2 Examples of Greenhouse Gas Emissions Equivalencies 2.2 Business-as-Usual Greenhouse Gas Emissions Forecasts A business-as-usual (BAU) GHG emissions forecast provides an estimate of how GHG emissions in Carlsbad may change in the future with no further action taken to reduce GHG emissions beyond 2016. This BAU scenario provides an emissions trajectory that shows how the implementation of federal, state, and local actions may affect future GHG emissions after accounting for expected growth in the city. In short, the BAU forecast was developed by scaling the 2016 GHG emissions inventory with forecasted growth in population, housing units, and jobs. More detail on methods for developing the BAU forecast is available in Appendix C. The results of the BAU forecast estimate GHG emissions in the city to increase steadily by 43,000 MTCO2e, or four percent, above 2016 levels by 2045. A summary of the results of the BAU forecast is provided in Figure 2.3, with further detail available in Appendix C. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 42 of 637 ' 110 million gallons of gasoline consumed 48 thousand garbage trucks of waste recycled instead of landfilled ~ 218 thousand passenger vehicles driving continuously for one year 124 thousand households electricity use for one year City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 2-5 Notes: MTCO2e = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent. Source: EPIC 2023. Figure 2.3 Business-as-Usual Greenhouse Gas Emissions Forecasts 2.3 Greenhouse Gas Reduction Targets A core component of a CAP is establishing GHG reduction targets to determine the level of effort needed for GHG reduction measures and actions. The CAP Update targets were developed to align with the statewide GHG reduction targets established by Senate Bill (SB) 32 and Assembly Bill (AB) 1279. As directed in SB 32 and AB 1279, the state aims to reduce annual GHG emissions to: 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030 and 85 percent below 1990 levels by 2045, with net-zero emissions achieved through carbon dioxide removal. While state legislative targets are based on 1990 statewide GHG emissions levels, Carlsbad, like most jurisdictions in California, does not have an emissions inventory from the year 1990 and must apply a more recent inventory to 1990 levels using statewide GHG emissions data. In 2016, the state’s GHG emissions inventory showed that total statewide GHG emissions levels were nearly equivalent to 1990 levels (CARB 2019). As such, it is reasonable to assume that local GHG emissions have evolved on a similar trend. Estimating equivalent reductions needed from the 2016 baseline, the city aims to reduce emissions to: 50 percent below 2016 levels by 2035 (aligned with and extrapolated from SB 32), and 85 percent below 2016 levels by 2045 (aligned with AB 1279). A 2035 target year was chosen to maintain consistency with the city’s General Plan buildout year and to be on a GHG emissions trajectory consistent with SB 32. The city’s approach to GHG reduction targets for this CAP Update is focused on a reduction in anthropogenic emissions within its influence and control. A net-zero GHG goal for the year 2045 is not 981,000 993,000 1,024,000 0 200,000 400,000 600,000 800,000 1,000,000 1,200,000 2016 2035 2045 Gr e e n h o u s e G a s E m i s s i o n s ( M T C O 2e)Wastewater Water Off-Road Transportation Solid Waste Natural Gas Electricity On-Road Transportation Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 43 of 637 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 2-6 feasible for Carlsbad based on local conditions and the current state and cost-effectiveness of available technologies. The state’s strategy for meeting the AB 1279 target, as outlined in the 2022 Climate Change Scoping Plan, indicates that net-zero emissions would be achieved through CO2 removal through both carbon sequestration in natural lands and mechanical carbon capture and storage technologies (CARB 2022). Because Carlsbad does not have the ability to substantially increase carbon sequestration on natural lands to the levels required to offset all emissions (due to factors such as topography and lack of remaining open space) and does not have the geologic conditions needed for geologic carbon storage (DOC 2024). Additionally, CO2 removal and carbon capture and storage technologies are being evaluated by the state, and it is not feasible for local jurisdictions, including Carlsbad, to scale these mechanical solutions independently to achieve net-zero GHG emissions by 2045. As the CAP Update is implemented and more guidance is available from state agencies, the city will reassess the applicability and feasibility of a net-zero goal and update the CAP as appropriate. The city’s reduction targets require GHG emissions to be reduced to 490,000 MTCO2e in 2035, and to 147,000 MTCO2e in 2045, as shown in Table 2.2 below. Achievement of the 2045 target will require significant investments at the state and local levels to transform the transportation and energy sectors to low- and zero-carbon. Table 2.2 Business-as-Usual Greenhouse Gas Emissions Forecasts and Reduction Targets Year BAU GHG Emissions Forecasts1 (MTCO2e) Reduction Targets (Percent Below 2016 Baseline) Reduction Targets (MTCO2e) 2016 981,000 — — 2035 993,000 50% 490,000 2045 1,024,000 85% 147,000 Notes: GHG emissions forecasts and reduction targets are rounded to the nearest thousand; % = percent; BAU = business-as-usual; GHG = greenhouse gas; MTCO2e = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent. 1 BAU GHG emissions forecasts provide an estimate of how GHG emissions may change in the future with no further action taken to reduce emissions beyond a baseline year—which, in this instance, is 2016. Source: EPIC 2023. 2.4 Greenhouse Gas Reductions from Federal and State Actions Reductions in communitywide GHG emissions in Carlsbad are expected to occur because of adopted local, state, and federal regulations. A legislatively adjusted emissions forecast that includes federal and state actions provides the city with the information needed to focus efforts on certain emissions sectors and sources that have the most GHG reduction opportunities and where the city has high control and/or influence. Federal and California Vehicle Efficiency Standards Fuel efficiency standards result in an increase in vehicle efficiency over time. This has a significant impact on GHG emissions because as vehicles use less fuel and use fuel more efficiently, they release fewer GHG emissions. CARB’s Mobile Source Emissions Inventory EMFAC2021 model, used to estimate emissions from on-road vehicles, includes most key federal and state regulations related to tailpipe GHG emissions reductions for both light-duty and heavy-duty vehicles that were in place through 2020. The model incorporates federal legislation, such as the Corporate Average Fuel Economy (CAFE) standards, in addition to state legislation, such as the Pavley regulation, which regulates the GHG Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 44 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 2-7 emissions of new passenger vehicles. Predicted emissions reductions from the Advanced Clean Cars II regulations1 are also included in the legislatively adjusted forecast. California Energy Efficiency Programs In September 2017, the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) adopted energy efficiency goals for ratepayer-funded energy efficiency programs (Decision 17-09-025); these went into effect in 2018. The adopted energy saving goals for San Diego Gas & Electric’s (SDG&E’s) service territory are given in the Decision on an annual basis from 2018 to 2030. The sources of energy savings include but are not limited to, rebated technologies, building retrofits, behavior-based initiatives, and codes and standards. Renewables Portfolio Standard SB 100, the 100 Percent Clean Energy Act of 2018, adopts a 60% Renewable Portfolio Standard for all of California’s retail electricity suppliers by 2030. The legislation also provides goals for the intervening years before 2030 and establishes a state policy requiring that “zero-carbon” resources supply 100% of all retail electricity sales to end-user customers and all state agencies by December 31, 2045. The interim 2035 target would be to provide 73% renewable electricity. Clean Energy, Jobs, and Affordability Act of 2022 SB 1020, the Clean Energy, Jobs, and Affordability Act of 2022, requires that eligible renewable energy and zero-carbon resources supply 100 percent of electricity procured to serve all state agencies by 2035. The legislation also updates the Renewables Portfolio Standards established by SB 100 to include interim targets in 2035 and 2040 to achieve 90 percent and 95 percent renewably sourced electricity retail sales, respectively. California Solar Policies, Programs and Mandates California has several policies and programs to encourage customer-owned, behind-the-meter photovoltaic (PV) systems, such as the California Solar Initiative, New Solar Home Partnership, Net Energy Metering, and electricity rate structures designed for solar customers. The latest California 2019 Building Energy Efficiency Standards, which went into effect on January 1, 2020, require all newly constructed single-family homes, low-rise multi-family homes, and detached accessory dwelling units (ADUs) to have PV systems installed unless the building receives an exception. 2.5 Local Greenhouse Gas Emissions Gap The city is forecasted to achieve its 2035 GHG emissions reduction target through state and federal legislative measures. However, state and federal regulations alone will not be sufficient to achieve the city’s 2045 target. The city needs to implement additional actions to close the remaining “local emissions gap” and achieve its reduction targets. This “gap” is calculated by subtracting the target emissions value from the forecasted emissions that account for reductions from state and federal actions. By 2045, there is a GHG emissions “gap” of 135,000 MTCO2e. Since these actions take time, the city needs to begin implementation of the CAP Update as soon as possible. 1 The Advanced Clean Cars II regulations established a target for all new passenger cars, trucks, and sport utility vehicles sold in California to be 100 percent zero-emission vehicles by 2035. See more here: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov /our-work/programs/advanced-clean-cars-program/advanced-clean-cars-ii. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 45 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 2-8 Table 2.3 2035 and 2045 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions and “Gap” Reductions GHG Emissions (MTCO2e) 2035 2045 Total BAU GHG Emissions 993,000 1,024,000 CAP Update Reduction Targets 490,000 147,000 Reductions Needed to Meet Target 503,000 877,000 Total Reductions from Federal and State Regulations 525,000 742,000 Target Met? Yes No Remaining Gap to Target (22,000)1 135,000 Notes: Numeric values are rounded to the nearest thousand. BAU = business-as-usual; CAP Update = Climate Action Plan Update; GHG = greenhouse gas; MTCO2e = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent. 1 The 2035 target is projected to be achieved solely by federal and state regulations with a surplus of reductions. Source: EPIC 2023. In Figure 2.4, the colored wedges represent the reduction from federal and state actions. Each wedge represents the cumulative GHG reduction from each action. The grey area beneath the colored wedges represents the remaining emissions after all the actions have taken place. This “emissions gap” will be addressed through local GHG reduction measures that are included in Chapter 3 of this CAP Update. Notes: % = percent; MTCO2e = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent. Source: EPIC 2023; adapted by Ascent in 2024. Figure 2.4 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions and Targets Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 46 of 637 1,200,000 1,000,000 ~ 8 800,000 I-~ V) C 0 -~ 600,000 .E w V) "' '£ 400,000 V) :::, 0 ..c C <l> ~ c.!) 200,000 2016 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 Year ■ Remaining GHG Emissions Renewables Portfolio Standard ■ California Energy Efficiency Programs ■ California Solar Policies, Programs and Mandates ■ Federal and California Vehicle Efficiency Standards • CAP Update Targets City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-1 3 Greenhouse Gas Reduction Strategies and Measures This chapter presents the strategies and measures that the City of Carlsbad (city) will implement to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and build resilience to the impacts of climate change. These locally based initiatives are organized under six strategies and include descriptions of actions that will be taken for implementation. 3.1 Overview This Climate Action Plan Update (CAP Update) includes six strategies and 25 measures that will reduce GHG emissions and build resilience to climate impacts in the community (i.e., GHG reduction strategies). The strategies, which are overarching categories or focus areas for reducing GHG emissions, include: (1) water and wastewater; (2) energy; (3) waste diversion; (4) transportation; (5) off-road equipment; and (6) carbon sequestration. These strategies are used to organize GHG reduction measures, which are statements that articulate overarching intentions and/or desired outcomes for each strategy. Each measure includes specific implementation actions that define the activities, programs, policies, and/or projects that the city will undertake to implement each measure (see Figure 3.1 for a visual hierarchical display of strategies, measures, and implementation actions for this CAP Update). While the primary purpose of the measures, collectively, is to reduce GHG emissions, many of them will result in additional co-benefits across the city, such as improved public health, improved air and water quality, reduced energy use, and reduced traffic congestion, among others. The strategies and measures discussed in this chapter were informed by the results of the city’s GHG emissions inventory and forecasts, engagement with the public and stakeholders, feedback from city staff and elected officials, and the best available climate action planning guidance. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 47 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-2 Figure 3.1 Structure of Greenhouse Gas Reduction Strategies and Measures 3.2 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reduction Quantification Analysis The city estimated potential GHG emissions reductions associated with all measures as part of this CAP Update. In summary, the total estimated GHG emissions reductions for all CAP Update measures are approximately 105,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MTCO2e) in 2035 and 142,000 MTCO2e in 2045. More details can be found in Table 3.1 below, organized by measure, along with the impact of federal and state regulations. Table 3.1 Summary of 2035 and 2045 Emissions Reductions from Greenhouse Gas Reduction Measures CAP Update Strategies CAP Update Measures & Federal and State Regulations GHG Emissions Reductions (MTCO2e) 2035 2045 Transportation T-1 Traffic Calming & Optimization 1,334 746 T-2 Transportation Demand Management Program 3,254 8,630 T-3 Safe Routes to School 70 39 T-4 Bikeway System Improvements 566 324 T-5 Pedestrian System Improvements 55 31 T-6 Local Transportation Improvements Not Quantified1 Not Quantified1 T-7 Municipal Transportation Demand Management 92 51 T-8 Increase Public Zero Emission Vehicle Infrastructure Supporting California Vehicle Efficiency Standards (Advanced Clean Cars II Regulation) Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 48 of 637 STRATEGIES are overarching categories or focus areas for reducing GHG emissions in which measures and implementation actions are organized. MEASURES are statements that articulate overarching intentions and/or desired outcomes for each strategy and include associated GHG emissions reduction potentials. IMPLEMENTATION ACTIONS are specific actions the city will take to implement measures. These include 'primary' actions that drive quantifiable GHG reductions and 'supportive' actions that contribute to reaching the goals of measures. City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-3 CAP Update Strategies CAP Update Measures & Federal and State Regulations GHG Emissions Reductions (MTCO2e) 2035 2045 T-9 Zero Emission City Fleet 1,059 592 T-10 Parking Management Strategies Not Quantified1 Not Quantified1 Energy E-1 Renewable Electricity at Municipal Facilities 751 1,306 E-2 Community Choice Energy 17,110 - E-3.1 Nonresidential Building Energy– Existing Reach Code 770 1,296 E-3.2 Nonresidential Building Energy– Updated Reach Code 2,773 5,796 E-3.3 Nonresidential Building Energy– Solar Carports Not Quantified1 Not Quantified1 E-4.1 Residential Building Energy– Existing Reach Code 3,212 3,710 E-4.2 Residential Building Energy– Updated Reach Code 1,196 1,488 E-5 Building Energy Benchmarking 4,308 7,358 E-6 Decarbonize Existing Buildings 22,356 44,305 Water and Wastewater W-1 Wastewater System Improvements 59 — W-2 Water System Improvements 1,516 1,583 Waste Diversion WD-1 Solid and Organic Waste Diversion 31,776 37,040 Off-Road Equipment OR-1 Convert Gas-Powered Leaf Blowers 396 386 OR-2 Increase Renewable or Alternative Fuel in Construction Equipment 4,698 15,081 Carbon Sequestration CS-1 Community Forest Management 7,519 11,966 Federal and State Regulations Federal and California Vehicle Efficiency Standards 186,134 320,795 California Energy Efficiency Programs 6,385 4,998 Renewables Portfolio Standard 267,309 319,919 California Solar Policy, Programs and Mandates 64,878 95,985 Total Reductions from Federal and State Regulations 525,000 742,000 Total Reductions from CAP Update Measures 105,000 142,000 Total Reductions (Federal, State and CAP Update Measures) 630,000 883,000 Notes: 2035 and 2045 values are rounded to the nearest thousand for “Total Reductions from Federal and State Regulations,” “Total Reduction from CAP Update Measures,” and “Total Reductions (Federal, State, and CAP Update Measures);” CAP Update = Climate Action Plan Update; GHG = greenhouse gas; MTCO2e = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent. 1 Based on the timing of the CAP Update, certain measures were “Not Quantified” due to lack of available data for calculations. As policies and programs in these measures progress, the CAP Update’s calculations can be updated. Source: EPIC 2024. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 49 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-4 As discussed in Chapter 2, the city is expected to be able to achieve its 2035 GHG reduction target without additional local action. However, the scale of reductions needed to achieve the 2045 target requires the city to accelerate implementation efforts sooner rather than later. Implementation of the near- and long-term GHG reduction strategies and measures included in the CAP Update are expected to set the city on this trajectory and allow for exceeding the state legislative reduction targets. Table 3.2 shows the total GHG emissions, targets, and the GHG reductions achieved by state regulations and CAP Update measures, demonstrating that the city’s state-aligned GHG reduction targets can be achieved with the CAP Update. Table 3.2 2035 and 2045 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions and Targets Reductions GHG Emissions (MTCO2e) 2035 2045 Total BAU GHG Emissions 993,000 1,024,000 CAP Update Reduction Targets 490,000 147,000 Reductions Needed to Meet Target 503,000 877,000 Total Reductions from Federal and State Regulations 525,000 742,000 Total Reductions from CAP Update Measures 105,000 142,000 Total Reductions (Federal, State and CAP Update Measures) 630,000 883,000 Remaining Gap to Target (128,000)1 (6,000)1 Target Met? Yes Yes Note: All values in this table are rounded to the nearest thousand. BAU = business-as-usual; CAP Update = Climate Action Plan Update; GHG = greenhouse gas; MTCO2e = metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent. 1 Indicates target has been achieved with a surplus of reductions. Source: EPIC 2024. 3.3 Detailed Strategies and Measures The following sections provide descriptions for each GHG reduction strategy and measure included in the CAP Update, as well as information about the actions the city will take to implement each measure. Additionally, each measure is supplemented with an array of details that are specific to each measure, which include: GHG Reductions: The GHG reduction estimates are the amount of GHG emissions (represented in metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent [MTCO2e]) that would be avoided through measure implementation for the target years of 2035 and 2045. Measures where the GHG reductions were not quantified for any reason (e.g., lack of quantification methodologies, avoidance of double- counting GHG emissions reductions) do not include an estimate. Further details on GHG quantification methods and results can be found in Appendix C. Monitoring Benchmarks: The monitoring benchmarks show the activities that are responsible for driving GHG emissions reductions with a corresponding value that allows the city to track progress on implementation over time. The years associated with the monitoring benchmarks indicate that the benchmark should be achieved by the end of that year. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 50 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-5 Data Needed to Monitor: Data is needed to monitor progress toward emission reductions and serve as input for the monitoring metric(s). For example, if the monitoring metric is the percent of food waste reduced, the data required for tracking this is tons of food waste disposed and recovered annually. Implementation Details: Implementation details include the timeframe under which implementation will take place, the city department primarily responsible for implementation, and any supporting departments. These components ensure that the city is accountable for meeting its targets and provides transparency to city departments on their responsibilities for implementation. The following notations are used to denote implementation timeframes: Short-term: 0-5 years Medium-term: 6-10 years Long-term: 11 or more years Ongoing: indicates that the program or process was in place at the time of the CAP Update and the existing processes will continue as planned, working towards the benchmarks identified. Co-Benefits: In the development of each measure, co-benefits were identified. Co-benefits are additional environmental, social, and/or economic benefits beyond GHG emissions reductions. Equity Considerations: The consideration of equity was crucial to the formation of the measures in the CAP Update. The city strives to provide procedural access to the benefits of the CAP Update and for the benefits to be distributed across all members of the community while mitigating any potential negative impacts to community members. However, these equity considerations should serve only as a starting point in promoting equity within the city. Further analyses (e.g., local climate equity index or similar metrics) and additional efforts informed by the data are needed to ensure that CAP Update benefits are distributed in an equitable manner. Each measure is also denoted with an “Existing,” “Expanded,” or “New” tag, which respectively indicates whether the measure was a pre-existing measure from the original CAP (or other city program or policy), a measure that was expanded upon from the original CAP (or other city program or policy), or a brand new measure as a part of this CAP Update. In total, this CAP Update includes 11 “Existing” measures, seven “Expanded” measures, and seven “New” measures. The two pie charts below (Figures 3.2 and 3.3) visually display the amount of GHG emissions reductions that would be achieved in 2035 and 2045 through successful implementation of the “Existing,” “Expanded,” and “New” measures. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 51 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-6 Source: EPIC 2024. Figure 3.2 Greenhouse Gas Reductions (MTCO2e) by Measure Type (2035) 7,675 65,438 31,758 2035 Existing Expanded New Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 52 of 637 ■ ■ ■ City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-7 Source: EPIC 2024. Figure 3.3 Greenhouse Gas Reductions (MTCO2e) by Measure Type (2045) 7,780 66,818 67,130 2045 Existing Expanded New Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 53 of 637 ■ ■ ■ City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-8 Water & Wastewater W-1. Wastewater System Improvements W-2. Water System Improvements Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 54 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-9 WATER AND WASTEWATER MEASURES The delivery, storage, and treatment of water, in addition to the collection and treatment of wastewater, is an essential service to city residents and businesses. Carlsbad receives its water from many sources, like the Colorado River, Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, and local recycled and desalinated water. Facilities use energy to transport and treat this water and wastewater, resulting in GHG emissions. The city is served by three water districts: Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD), which is a legal subsidiary of the city, Olivenhain Municipal Water District, and Vallecitos Water District. CMWD purchases treated water from the San Diego County Water Authority, which is the agency responsible for importing water from outside the Southern California region and for the water purchased from the local desalination plant. The City of Carlsbad’s Utilities Department collects and delivers wastewater to the Encina Wastewater Authority for the majority of the city. The Leucadia Wastewater District and Vallecitos Water District provide wastewater collection services for small portions of the city. The CMWD and the city’s Utilities Department are expected to service about 100,000 residents by 2045 (CMWD 2021). Shifting to more renewable energy sources and updating current water and wastewater systems are actions the city can take to operate more sustainably and meet the demand of future residents. There are two measures included under the Water and Wastewater strategy, including: W-1) Wastewater System Improvements and W-2) Water System Improvements. These measures and their respective actions are described further below. Measure W-1 is focused on improvements to the wastewater system. This applies to the existing city sewer pipes and lift stations. The city has identified renewable energy goals for its wastewater collection system, specifically pertaining to lift stations. Lift stations pump wastewater to the treatment plant. Using GHG-free electricity to operate lift stations can reduce the carbon intensity of essential services provided to residents and businesses. In addition to upgrades to the collection system, the city’s Supervisory Control & Data Acquisition (SCADA) Master Plan establishes a strategy for future improvements in energy efficiency of wastewater operations. Implementation Actions Primary Action W-1.a: Continue making improvements to the City of Carlsbad’s collection system, including but not limited to upgrading lift stations. Supportive Action W-1.b: Explore system improvements based on SCADA Master Plan. MEASURE W-1: Wastewater System Improvements Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 55 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-10 2035: 59 MTCO2e 2045: 0 MTCO2e Timing: Ongoing Lead Department: Utilities By 2025: Supply lift stations with 100% renewable/carbon free electricity from Clean Energy Alliance By 2035: Reduce wastewater collection energy intensity by 10% from 2016 baseline Wastewater energy usage data Promote incentive programs (e.g., multifamily, low- income) Improved public health Improving CMWD’s potable and recycled water systems can increase energy efficiency and strengthen the reliability of local water supplies to meet community needs. As climate change continues to impact the availability of water, utilizing existing resources and identifying additional supply options is essential to water security. With Measure W-2, CMWD plans to explore more water reuse. As of now, the San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA) supplies 100% of the potable water used by CMWD (CMWD 2021). Water sourced by the SDCWA is energy intensive because it is being imported from across the state. By expanding local water sources and using renewable energy to power water systems, the city can reduce its GHG emissions. GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits MEASURE W-2: Water System Improvements Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 56 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-11 Implementation Actions Primary Action W-2.a: Continue making improvements to CMWD’s potable and recycled water systems, including but not limited to expanding water reuse and using renewable energy to power facilities. Supportive Action W-2.b: Continue to explore local water supply options and assess feasibility and cost to benefit ratio. Action W-2.c: Assess feasibility and seek funding for renewable energy and/or storage at CMWD facilities. 2035: 1,516 MTCO2e 2045: 1,583 MTCO2e Timing: Ongoing Lead Department: Utilities By 2025: Supply recycled water pump stations with 100% renewable/carbon free electricity from Clean Energy Alliance By 2035: Achieve the active and passive water conservation goals described in the Urban Water Management Plan (2020) 2,295 acre feet (AF) within CMWD service area and 2,981 AF within the entire city Water energy usage data Promote rebate and incentive programs (e.g., multi- family, low-income) Improved water quality GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 57 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-12 Energy E-1. Renewable Electricity at Municipal Facilities E-2. Community Choice Energy E-3. Nonresidential Building Energy E-3.1 Existing Reach Code E.3.2 Updated Reach Code E.3.3 Solar Carports E-4. Residential Building Energy E-4.1 Existing Reach Code E-4.2 Updated Reach Code E-5. Building Energy Benchmarking E-6. Decarbonize Existing Buildings Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 58 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-13 ENERGY MEASURES Addressing GHG emissions from energy use is a crucial component of reaching the city’s GHG reduction targets. Per the city’s GHG emissions inventory, a collective 41 percent of the city’s emissions are from electricity and natural gas use—about 27 and 14 percent respectively. Addressing these emissions through building decarbonization, transitioning to renewable electricity, reducing reliance on natural gas, and improving energy efficiency, among other related efforts, will help to further promote sustainability within the city. These efforts are reflected in the following measures under the Energy strategy: E-1) Renewable Electricity at Municipal Facilities, E-2) Community Choice Energy, E-3) Nonresidential Building Energy, E-4) Residential Building Energy, E-5) Building Energy Benchmarking, and E-6) Decarbonize Existing Buildings. These measures and their respective actions are described further below. Measure E-1 pertains to the actions the city will take to ensure its buildings and facilities are powered by renewable electricity. The city aims to demonstrate its commitment to climate action by taking steps to reduce its own contribution to GHG emissions through the eventual elimination of natural gas use at its facilities, where feasible, and increasing the percentage of renewables used in its electricity supply to 100%. Implementation Actions Primary Action E-1.a: Increase percentage of renewable electricity purchased for existing city facilities and street and safety lighting to 100%. Action E-1.b: Have 100% renewable electricity be the default for new city facilities and street and safety lighting. Action E-1.c: Eliminate natural gas use at city facilities, where feasible. Supportive Action E-1.d: Coordinate with the city’s energy suppliers on the purchase of 100% renewable electricity (e.g., “Green Impact” level from Clean Energy Alliance). Action E-1.e: Continue certifying city facilities in the Carlsbad Green Business Program. Action E-1.f: Conduct analysis to determine best practices and technologies for eliminating natural gas use at city facilities. Action E-1.g: Leverage local and regional partnerships and seek funding to support identified renewable electricity upgrades and elimination of natural gas use at city facilities. Action E-1.h: Upgrade all street and safety lighting to more energy efficient options. MEASURE E-1: Renewable Electricity at Municipal Facilities Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 59 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-14 2035: 751 MTCO2e 2045: 1,306 MTCO2e Timing: Long-term Lead Department: Intergovernmental Affairs Supporting Departments: Finance; Fleet & Facilities By 2025: Increase percentage of renewable electricity purchased for existing city facilities and street and safety lighting to 100%. By 2025: Have 100% renewable electricity be the default for new city facilities. By 2035: Upgrade all street and safety lighting to more energy efficient options. By 2045: Eliminate natural gas use at city facilities, where feasible. Number of city facilities on 100% renewable electricity Number of street and safety lights on 100% renewable electricity Energy usage data for city facilities and street and safety lighting Natural gas usage data for city facilities Number of city facilities where natural gas use is eliminated Establish additional city facilities as “cool zones” using social, economic, and environmental data Support high-road green job growth Reduced energy usage Increasing access to renewable energy provides community members with an opportunity to reduce their own carbon emissions and support the city’s GHG reduction targets. The city encourages the utilization of renewable energy through its Community Choice Energy program, Clean Energy Alliance. Measure E-2 continues to support this program. Clean Energy Alliance is an alternative to San Diego Gas & Electric, allowing customers to choose where their power comes from. Clean Energy Alliance generates electricity through a variety of GHG-free resources, largely via utility-scale solar but also on- and off-shore wind and geothermal. Sourcing renewable energy from local providers increases the resiliency of energy infrastructure, in addition to reducing GHG emissions. The city can set the default amount of renewable energy that electricity customers in Carlsbad receive, and increasing the default to 100% renewable electricity can significantly reduce GHG emissions on an accelerated timeline. GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits MEASURE E-2: Community Choice Energy Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 60 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-15 Implementation Actions Primary Action E-2.a: Continue the participation in Clean Energy Alliance (CEA) Community Choice Energy program. Action E-2.b: Set 100% renewable electricity (e.g., CEA’s “Green Impact”) as the default option for CEA customers within the city. Supportive Action E-2.c: Explore the purchase of renewable energy credits if CEA is not reaching its 2035 goal. Action E-2.d: Support promotion of CEA’s customer programs and encourage CEA customers to participate. 2035: 17,110 MTCO2e 2045: 0 MTCO2e Timing: Ongoing Lead Department: Intergovernmental Affairs Supporting Departments: Communications, Environmental Sustainability By 2030: Set 100% renewable electricity (e.g., “Green Impact”) as the default option for CEA customers within the city. By 2035: Explore purchase of renewable energy credits if CEA is not reaching its 2035 goal. CEA participation rates Number of CEA customers at 100% renewable electricity (“Green Impact”) Number of CEA customers below 100% renewable electricity Promote CEA’s customer programs Reduced energy usage GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 61 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-16 One way cities can influence energy use in buildings is through amendments to energy building codes, also known as “reach codes”. In 2019, Carlsbad was one of the first cities in California to adopt a reach code that focused on requiring solar photovoltaic (PV) and other energy efficiency measures for new and existing nonresidential buildings. The core of this reach code is to help the city reduce GHG emissions from nonresidential buildings, while helping businesses improve energy efficiency and reduce long-term energy costs. Measure E-3.1 aims to continue the implementation and enforcement of this reach code for nonresidential buildings, so long as updates to the California Green Building Code do not supersede its requirements. Implementation Actions Primary Action E-3.1.a: Continue implementing existing building energy efficiency and water heater ordinances (adopted in 2019). Supportive Action E-3.1.b: Analyze feasibility of eligible sites for renewable energy infrastructure across all city facilities, leveraging any pre-existing analyses that are applicable. Action E-3.1.c: Seek grant funding for installation of renewable energy infrastructure at existing and new city facilities (e.g., solar, battery storage, microgrids). 2035: 770 MTCO2e 2045: 1,296 MTCO2e Timing: Ongoing Lead Departments: Community Development; Fleet & Facilities Supporting Department: Intergovernmental Affairs By 2030: Analyze feasibility of eligible sites for renewable energy infrastructure across all city facilities, leveraging any pre-existing analyses that are applicable. Size of renewable energy projects installed at city facilities Energy usage of renewable energy projects installed at city facilities Building permit data applicable to reach code implementation (e.g., number of permits, sq. ft. of building, number of water heaters installed) Support high-road green job growth Reduced energy usage GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmark Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits MEASURE E-3.1: Nonresidential Building Energy – Existing Reach Code Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 62 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-17 In addition to the existing reach code, Measure E-3.2 includes updated reach codes for nonresidential buildings. The construction of new buildings presents a significant opportunity to implement measures that will reduce GHG emissions from buildings for their entire useful life. These ordinances will require eligible nonresidential buildings meet updated energy performance requirements that are approved by the state. This will reduce GHG emissions from energy use within these buildings. Implementation Actions Primary Action E-3.2.a: Update city’s building code, or “reach code,” to include updated energy performance- based requirements for new nonresidential buildings. Supportive Action E-3.2.b: Leverage CEA and SDG&E customer programs, or other similar programs. Action E-3.2.c: Explore pilot programs and incentives to educate businesses on energy efficiency and renewable energy options for new and existing buildings. 2035: 2,773 MTCO2e 2045: 5,796 MTCO2e Timing: Short-term Lead Department: Community Development Supporting Departments: Communications; Environmental Sustainability By 2025: Update city’s building code, or “reach code”, to include updated energy performance- based requirements for new nonresidential building Building permit data applicable to reach code implementation (e.g., number of permits, sq. ft. of building) Support high-road green job growth Reduced energy usage GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits MEASURE E-3.2: Nonresidential Building Energy – Updated Reach Code Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 63 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-18 Nonresidential buildings may use energy, but they can also be a source of energy. Due to Carlsbad’s geographic location, solar is a readily available renewable energy resource. Carports and parking lots can be adapted to make this passive source of energy available for electric vehicle charging and providing building energy. Measure E-3.3 focuses on the installation of solar carports at city-owned parking lots. Implementation Actions Primary Action E-3.3.a: Construct solar carports (also known as installing solar panels over outdoor parking spaces) at eligible city-owned parking lots. Supportive Action E-3.3.b: Conduct feasibility study for solar carport installation at city facilities to determine which are eligible and for what size of system. (Note: at the time the CAP Update was published, the feasibility study was not underway. Therefore, GHG Reductions, Monitoring Benchmarks, and Data Needed to Monitor have not been assigned. These sections would be updated as appropriate following the completion of this analysis.) Action E-3.3.c: Seek grant funding and leverage partnerships to install solar carports. 2035: Not quantified 2045: Not quantified Timing: Medium-term Lead Department: Transportation Supporting Departments: Community Development; Environmental Sustainability; Intergovernmental Affairs By 2030: Conduct feasibility study for solar carport installation at city facilities to determine which are eligible and for what size of system, leveraging any pre-existing analyses that are applicable. Number of solar carports installed at city-owned parking lots Size of solar carport systems installed at city-owned parking lots Energy usage of solar carports installed at city- owned parking lots Support high-road green job growth Reduced energy use GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits MEASURE E-3.3: Nonresidential Building Energy– Solar Carports Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 64 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-19 Residential building energy use represents the largest portion of the city’s electricity emissions. Measure E-4.1 is similar to Measure E-3.1 in that reach codes can be used to facilitate the transition of building energy usage to renewable sources and improve energy efficiency. Increasing the energy efficiency of residential buildings will not only lead to a reduction in emissions, it can help decrease the energy burden on households. Measure E-4.1 aims to continue the implementation and enforcement of the city’s existing reach code for residential buildings, so long as updates to the California Green Building Code do not supersede its requirements. Implementation Actions Primary Action E-4.1.a: Continue implementing existing building energy efficiency and water heater ordinances (adopted in 2019). Supportive Action E-4.1.b: Explore updating the Home Energy Score Assessment Pilot Program. Action E-4.1.c: Leverage CEA and SDG&E customer programs, or other similar programs. Action E-4.1.d: Explore pilot programs and incentives to educate residents on energy efficiency and renewable energy options for new and existing buildings. 2035: 3,212 MTCO2e 2045: 3,710 MTCO2e Timing: Ongoing Lead Department: Community Development Supporting Department: Communications; Environmental Sustainability No benchmarks identified Building permit data applicable to reach code implementation (e.g., number of permits, sq. ft. of building, number of water heaters installed) Explore new phase for Home Energy Score Assessment Pilot Program to provide free scores to low-income, multi-family, seniors, etc. Support high-road green job growth Offer pilot programs and incentives that target low- income, multi-family, seniors, etc. Reduced energy usage GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits MEASURE E-4.1: Residential Building Energy - Existing Reach Code Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 65 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-20 By 2045, Carlsbad will have an estimated additional 7,000 housing units that will require access to energy. Similar to Measure E-3.2, Measure E-4.2 updates the city’s current reach codes to require that new residential buildings meet updated energy performance requirements as approved by the state. In addition to reducing GHG emissions, updated reach codes could save homeowners money by providing on-bill energy savings to building occupants. Implementation Actions Primary Action E-4.2.a: Update city’s building code, or “reach code,” to include updated energy performance- based requirements for new residential buildings. Supportive Action E-4.2.b: Leverage CEA and SDG&E customer programs, or other similar programs. Action E-4.2.c: Explore pilot programs and incentives to educate residents on energy efficiency and renewable energy options for new and existing buildings. 2035: 1,196 MTCO2e 2045: 1,488 MTCO2e Timing: Short-term Lead Department: Community Development Supporting Department: Communications; Environmental Sustainability By 2025: Update city’s building code, or “reach code”, to include updated energy performance- based requirements for new residential buildings Building permit data applicable to reach code implementation (e.g., number of permits, sq. ft. of building) Support high-road green job growth Offer pilot programs and incentives that target low- income, multi-family, seniors, etc. Reduced energy usage GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits MEASURE E-4.2: Residential Building Energy – Updated Reach Code Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 66 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-21 Measure E-5 is focused on developing and implementing a citywide building energy benchmarking program. Benchmarking is a way to assess building performance by looking at energy use data. Building energy use data can help inform building owner decisions, including making cost-effective upgrades and improving energy efficiency. This data can also foster accountability; as energy consumption levels are made known, building owners have the opportunity to reduce their emissions by upgrading equipment or reducing overall energy consumption. Implementation Actions Primary Action E-5.a: Develop, adopt, and implement a building energy benchmarking ordinance. Supportive Action E-5.b: Prepare a building stock analysis. Action E-5.c: Explore options and best practices for requiring existing commercial and residential buildings of a certain size to submit energy data annually. Action E-5.d: Conduct education and outreach to building owners and the public regarding new requirements. 2035: 4,308 MTCO2e 2045: 7,358 MTCO2e Timing: Medium-term Lead Department: Environmental Sustainability Supporting Department: Communications By 2030: Prepare a building stock analysis. By 2030: Explore options and best practices for requiring commercial and residential buildings of a certain size to submit energy data annually. By 2035: Conduct education and outreach to building owners and the public regarding new requirements. By 2035: Adopt ordinance. Number of buildings within ordinance requirements Square footage of buildings within ordinance requirements Energy benchmarking data submitted by buildings within ordinance requirement Design program to be “equity first,” leveraging existing resources from other jurisdictions (e.g., City of Seattle, City of Denver, City of Minneapolis) Reduced energy usage GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits MEASURE E-5: Building Energy Benchmarking Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 67 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-22 With implementation of the GHG reductions measures that rely on reach codes to reduce energy consumption and emissions from buildings, there are still likely to be existing residential buildings that are not effected by the reach codes and need to be targeted for decarbonization. The city will need to leverage existing programs and incentives, as well as develop creative and data-informed strategies to affect emissions from remaining buildings and reach decarbonization goals. Measure E-6 targets voluntary energy efficiency and electrification in existing residential buildings that are not affected by reach codes or other energy focused GHG reduction measures. Implementation Actions Primary Action E-6.a: Reduce energy usage and decarbonize existing residential buildings, particularly existing residential buildings not covered by any reach code requirements, through voluntary programs and incentives.Supportive Action E-6.b: Explore updating the Home Energy Score Assessment Pilot Program. Action E-6.c: Leverage CEA and SDG&E customer programs, or other similar programs. Action E-6.d: Seek external funding to launch and/or leverage existing pilot programs and incentives to support voluntary existing building decarbonization (e.g., appliance exchange, weatherization, solar PV installation, battery storage). Action E-6.e: Leverage building stock analysis (prepared for E-5) to target existing residential buildings. 2035: 22,356 MTCO2e 2045: 44,305 MTCO2e Timing: Long-term Lead Department: Environmental Sustainability Supporting Department: Communications; Community Development By 2030: Leverage building stock analysis (prepared for E-5) to target existing residential buildings. By 2045: Reduce 33% of the 2016 baseline natural gas use in existing residential buildings Equivalent to electrifying 12,000 homes, or approximately 25% of housing units Number of homes participating in pilot and incentive programs Number of homes electrified (fully or partially) Residential natural gas usage data Target outreach and incentives for multi-family, low- income, seniors, etc. Explore new phase for Home Energy Score Assessment Pilot Program to provide free scores to low-income, multi-family, seniors, etc. Reduced energy use Improved air quality Improved public health Increased local green jobs GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Metrics Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits MEASURE E-6: Decarbonize Existing Buildings Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 68 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-23 Waste Diversion WD-1. Solid and Organic Waste Diversion Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 69 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-24 WASTE DIVERSION MEASURES Solid and Organic Waste Diversion is a key focus area for GHG emissions reductions within the Waste Diversion sector, which represents 4% of total emissions in 2016. In Carlsbad, solid and organic waste is collected by Republic Services and delivered to the Palomar Transfer Station and Materials Recovery to end up in landfills throughout Southern California. Waste can be compromised of various components; the two largest contributors to waste in Carlsbad are organics and paper, which make up 57% and 13% of the waste stream, respectively. Preventing solid and organic waste from reaching the landfill can reduce GHG emissions, and providing options to appropriately dispose of this waste can encourage more sustainable decision making. Directing waste to be reused, recycled, or composted extends the life of salvageable materials and allows for the cycling of nutrients as opposed to the release of emissions. The Waste Diversion strategy details how the city can reduce its waste emissions under its measure WD-1) Solid and Organic Waste Diversion, which is described in further detail below. How various types of waste are disposed has important GHG emissions implications. Organic waste can greatly contribute to methane emissions if disposed in a landfill, with methane being a much stronger climate pollutant than carbon dioxide. Food waste alone represents 23% percent of waste in Carlsbad, and reducing this amount of organic waste that is disposed can greatly reduce emissions associated with landfills. Waste can originate from many sources and requires a comprehensive management system including hauling, recovery, and disposal. Measure WD-1 includes strategies to continue to increase the diversion of waste from landfills. Implementation Actions Primary Action WD-1.a: Divert 75% solid waste by 2035 and 90% by 2045. Action WD-1.b: Divert 75% organic waste by 2035 and 90% by 2045. Supportive Action WD-1.c: Research ordinance for requirement of a percentage of disposal for organic waste. Action WD-1.d: Encourage maximum organics diversion from local businesses. Action WD-1.e: Establish a Construction & Demolition diversion program. Action WD-1.f: Maximize edible food recovery. Action WD-1.g: Establish a program for permitted haulers for proper diversion of all waste streams. Action WD-1.h: Continue implementing existing Sustainable Materials Management systems and ordinances citywide, including at city facilities and events. MEASURE WD-1: Solid and Organic Waste Diversion Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 70 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-25 Action WD-1.i: Continue implementing existing compost and mulch giveaway programs; explore launching new giveaway programs that target specific users. Action WD-1.j: Update the city’s sustainable purchasing policy to include regulatory requirements for sustainable procurement. Action WD-1.k: Pursue vendor contracts to help implement diversion goals and monitor compliance. 2035: 31,776 MTCO2e 2045: 37,040 MTCO2e Timing: Ongoing Lead Department: Environmental Sustainability Supporting Department: Communications By 2025: Update the city’s sustainable purchasing policy to include regulatory requirements for sustainable procurement. By 2030: Establish a Construction & Demolition diversion program. By 2030: Establish a program for permitted haulers for proper diversion of all waste streams. By 2030: Research ordinance for requirement of a percentage of disposal for organic waste. By 2035: Divert 75% of solid and organic waste. By 2045: Divert 90% of solid and organic waste. Disposal of solid waste Disposal of organic waste Tons of edible food recovered Promote incentive and rebate programs for multi- family, low-income, seniors, etc. Reduced waste Increased local green jobs GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 71 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-26 Transportation T-1. Traffic Calming & Optimization T-2. Transportation Demand Management Program T-3. Safe Routes to School T-4. Bikeway System Improvements T-5. Pedestrian System Improvements T-6. Local Transportation Improvements T-7. Municipal Transportation Demand Management T-8. Increase Public Zero Emission Infrastructure T-9. Zero Emission City Fleet T-10. Parking Management Strategies Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 72 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-27 TRANSPORTATION MEASURES Transportation is a critical sector, as it is the largest source of Carlsbad’s GHG emissions. These emissions are measured by vehicle miles traveled (VMT), with over 3 million VMT generated per weekday in Carlsbad from travel by residents, workers, and visitors. These vehicle trips can be reduced with investments in alternative transportation and by transitioning to zero emission vehicles. The investment in alternative modes of transportation not only results in GHG reductions, it also contributes to the safety of roadways and improves connectivity across the city. The transition to renewable fuels and zero emission vehicles (ZEVs) is also crucial to ensure a greater portion of trips in Carlsbad are emission-free. The Transportation strategy includes ten GHG reduction measures, including: T-1) Traffic Calming & Optimization, T-2) Transportation Demand Management Ordinance, T-3) Safe Routes to School, T-4) Bikeway System Improvements, T-5) Pedestrian System Improvements, T-6) Local Transportation Improvements, T-7) Municipal Transportation Demand Management, T-8) Increase Public Zero Emission Infrastructure, T-9) Zero Emission City Fleet, and T-10) Parking Management Strategies. These measures and their respective actions are described further below. GHG emissions from on-road vehicle travel can be exacerbated by congestion and frequent traffic stops and starts. Measure T-1 aims to reduce congestion that contributes to GHG emissions through traffic calming and optimization. The goal of traffic calming is to improve the safety of roadways by slowing or redirecting vehicle traffic. In residential areas, traffic can be attributed to the continuous stop-and-go of vehicles at stop signs. Reducing the speed of vehicles without stopping vehicle traffic through features such as roundabouts can result in reduced emissions, as cars spend less time idling and have less rapid acceleration and deceleration. Implementation Actions Primary Action T-1.a: Continue optimizing traffic signals within the city, adjusting as needed as traffic volumes and conditions change, and coordinating along major corridors. Action T-1.b: Install roundabouts or traffic circles when feasible, utilizing the city’s engineering standard for intersection control. MEASURE T-1: Traffic Calming & Optimization Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 73 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-28 Supportive Action T-1.c: Leverage the Sustainable Mobility Plan and Intersection Control Evaluation engineering standards to determine the location of new roundabouts and traffic circles. 2035: 1,334 MTCO2e 2045: 746 MTCO2e Timing: Ongoing Lead Department: Transportation By 2035: Optimize traffic signals at 20 intersections. By 2035: Install 10 roundabouts or traffic circles. Number of traffic signals optimized Number of roundabouts or traffic circles installed Layer social, economic, and environmental data to assess where traffic improvements go. Improved air quality Reduced traffic congestion Improved public health GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 74 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-29 Measure T-2 covers continued implementation of and updates to the city’s Transportation Demand Management (TDM) program, a major component of which is an ordinance. The TDM ordinance, adopted in 2019, regulates nonresidential developments that are anticipated to generate over 110 average daily employee trips. These developments are required to submit TDM plans that outline strategies to reduce vehicle daily trips by employees through incentives for alternative modes of travel. Continued use and improvement of the TDM ordinance will ensure the development of nonresidential land uses provide alternatives to use of single-occupancy vehicles for commuting and contribute to reducing citywide VMT. Implementation Actions Primary Action T-2.a: Continue implementing existing TDM program and enforcing existing TDM ordinance (adopted 2019), mandating TDM improvements and strategies for non-residential development. Action T-2.b: Update TDM ordinance to modify existing threshold for compliance (e.g., reducing average daily trips threshold) as well as streamlining of other reporting requirements, as appropriate, by 2045. Supportive Action T-2.c: Continue surveying businesses, pursuant to the TDM ordinance, to monitor implementation and track compliance. Action T-2.d: Update TDM strategies in the TDM program as new technology emerges. Action T-2.e: Leverage Carlsbad Commuter and other city channels to educate commuters on alternative commute choices and resources available. 2035: 3,254 MTCO2e 2045: 8,630 MTCO2e Timing: Ongoing Lead Departments: Community Development; Transportation Supporting Departments: Communications; Economic Development By 2035: Continue implementing and enforcing the existing TDM ordinance. 40% alternative mode share for new development 30% alternative mode share for existing development By 2045: Update TDM ordinance to modify existing threshold for compliance (e.g., reducing Average Daily Trips threshold), as well as streamlining of other reporting requirements, as appropriate. Annual TDM ordinance surveys and mode shift data Number of businesses covered by the TDM ordinance Number of employees covered by the TDM ordinance Explore creating incentives for implementing TDM plan strategies for community-based organizations Improved air quality Reduced traffic congestion Improved public health GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmark Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits MEASURE T-2: Transportation Demand Management Program Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 75 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-30 Improving the safety of streets, especially around schools, prioritizes the ability for residents to choose active forms of transportation over vehicle travel when traveling to and from school. Measure T-3 focuses on the Safe Routes to School program which will continue to be implemented. It includes strategies such as walk audits, carpool programs, creating conceptual improvement maps, parent surveys and working with the school districts to improve drop-off and pick-off operations and parent surveys. Implementation Actions Primary Action T-3.a: Continue implementing a Safe Routes to School program to encourage walking and biking to school. Supportive Action T-3.b: Leverage the city’s Sustainable Mobility Plan to determine location-specific improvements. Action T-3.c: Seek funding to launch Safe Routes to Schools programs at additional school sites. Action T-3.d: Leverage the Sustainable Mobility Plan to conduct Safe Routes to School-related education and outreach activities at schools throughout the city. 2035: 70 MTCO2e 2045: 39 MTCO2e Timing: Ongoing Lead Department: Transportation Supporting Department: Communications No benchmarks identified Mode share counts at participating schools Active Transportation Monitoring Report data Layer social, economic, and environmental data to assess where improvements go Reduced traffic congestion Improved public safety Improved public health Improved air quality Improved access to low-cost transportation options GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits MEASURE T-3: Safe Routes to School Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 76 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-31 In the Carlsbad Sustainable Mobility Plan, the city calls attention to the need for bicycle system improvements, including more bike parking and safety features (City of Carlsbad 2020). In development of the Sustainable Mobility Plan, Carlsbad residents expressed that bikeway safety concerns and limited accessibility reduce the desire to use bicycling as a primary mode of transportation. Measure T-4 aims to address these concerns by expanding bicycle infrastructure to make biking a more safe and accessible mode of transportation. Implementation Actions Primary Action T-4.a: Construct 7.9 added miles of Class I multi-use bike paths. Action T-4.b: Improve 61.2 miles of Class II bike lanes to Class II buffered bike lanes. Action T-4.c: Continue other bikeway system improvements, as available. Supportive Action T-4.d: Leverage the city’s Sustainable Mobility Plan to determine location of bikeway system improvements and secure bike parking and/or storage. Action T-4.e: Explore launch of a local on-demand microtransit program, such as the City of Oceanside’s program. Action T-4.f: Evaluate the city’s Supportive Bicycle Infrastructure, such as adding new bicycle parking at highly used coastal destinations, bike repair stations, and additional bike-related amenities. 2035: 566 MTCO2e 2045: 324 MTCO2e Timing: Ongoing Lead Department: Transportation GHG Reductions Implementation Details MEASURE T-4: Bikeway System Improvements Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 77 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-32 By 2030: Evaluate the city’s Supportive Bicycle Infrastructure By 2030: Improve 40 miles of Class II bike lanes to buffered Class II bike lanes By 2030: Construct 2 miles of Class-I multi-use bike paths. By 2035: Improve 10 miles of Class II bike lanes to buffered Class II bike lanes, for a total of 50 miles improved By 2040: Improve 5 miles of Class II bike lanes to buffered Class II bike lanes, for total of 55 miles improved By 2040: Construct 2 miles of Class-I multi-use bike paths , for total of 4 miles added By 2045: Improve remaining miles of Class II bike lanes to buffered Class II bike lanes, for a total of 61.2 miles improved By 2045: Construct remaining miles of added bike lanes, for a total of 7.9 miles added. Miles of bike lanes added by Class Miles of bike lanes improved by Class Total miles of bike lanes by Class Layer social, economic, and environmental data to assess where improvements go Enhanced safety Reduced traffic congestion Improved access to low-cost transportation options Improved public health Improved air quality Enhanced community character Automobile use is the largest contributor to GHG emissions, largely because roads prioritize the movement of cars instead of pedestrians. Measure T-5 aims to improve pedestrian safety and mobility by adding approximately six miles of sidewalk to existing infrastructure. Increasing the connectivity of sidewalk networks, particularly in areas highly frequented by the community, can encourage walking as a preferable mode of transport. Implementation Actions Primary Action T-5.a: Add 6.1 miles of sidewalk. Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits MEASURE T-5: Pedestrian System Improvements Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 78 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-33 Supportive Action T-5.b: Utilize the city’s Sustainable Mobility Plan to identify suitable locations for pedestrian system improvements, focusing on creating safer and more user-friendly infrastructure to facilitate ease of use for pedestrians. 2035: 55 MTCO2e 2045: 31 MTCO2e Timing: Ongoing Lead Department: Transportation By 2030: Add 1.5 miles of sidewalk By 2035: Add 1.5 miles of sidewalk, for a total of 3 miles added By 2040: Add 1.5 miles of sidewalk, for a total of 4.5 miles added By 2045: Add remaining miles of sidewalk , for a total of 6.1 miles added Miles of sidewalk installed Total miles of sidewalk Layer social, economic, and environmental data to assess where improvements go Enhanced safety Improved public health Reduced traffic congestion Improved access to low-cost transportation options Enhanced community character Improved air quality GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 79 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-34 The type of transportation people choose is largely due to ease of access. Local transportation is often underutilized due to lack of accessibility. By improving and expanding existing local transportation, Measure T-6 pushes for a shift toward more sustainable transportation modes. The addition of transit stops or micromobility services can influence individual decisions, such as choosing to ride a bus instead of a car. Thus, investing in local transportation can help reduce single-occupancy vehicle ridership and subsequent GHG emissions. Providing individuals with a convenient, safe, and accessible methods of transportation as a desirable alternative to driving also reduces vehicular traffic. Implementation Actions Primary Action T-6.a: Explore local transportation improvements to provide sustainable on-demand, flexible fleet transit and first-mile last-mile solutions. Action T-6.b: Leverage the Multimodal Transportation Impact Fee for implementation of local transportation improvements. (Note: at the time the CAP Update was published, the Multimodal Transportation Impact Fee was still under development. Therefore, GHG Reductions, Monitoring Benchmarks, and Data Needed to Monitor have not been assigned. These sections would be updated as appropriate following the completion of the Multimodal Transportation Impact Fee.) Supportive Action T-6.c: Leverage existing regional transportation plans (e.g., North County Comprehensive Multimodal Corridor Plan, SANDAG Regional Transportation Plan) to add or update improvements to the transportation system within Carlsbad. Action T-6.d: Coordinate with regional and local agencies and partners on influencing transportation improvements throughout the region and within Carlsbad. 2035: Not quantified 2045: Not quantified Timing: Ongoing Lead Department: Transportation Supporting Department: Intergovernmental Affairs No benchmarks identified No monitoring data identified Layer social, economic, and environmental data to assess where improvements go Improved public health Improved access to low-cost transportation options Improved community character Improved air quality GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits MEASURE T-6: Local Transportation Improvements Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 80 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-35 The method city staff members use to commute has an impact on the city’s municipal emissions. For example, if all staff were to drive their personal vehicles, the associated GHG emissions are significant. A municipal Transportation Demand Management program could facilitate cooperation between staff to collectively reduce carbon emissions via incentives and resources. Implementation Actions Primary Action T-7.a: Continue implementing existing Transportation Demand Management programs for eligible city staff. Supportive Action T-7.b: Explore establishing new Transportation Demand Management programs for city staff, resulting in Transportation Demand Management plans for city facilities. 2035: 92 MTCO2e 2045: 51 MTCO2e Timing: Ongoing Lead Department: Transportation Supporting Departments: Communications; Human Resources No benchmarks identified Staff TDM participation rates by program Staff commute distance Staff commute mode share data Not applicable Improved air quality Reduced traffic congestion Improved public health GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits MEASURE T-7: Municipal Transportation Demand Management Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 81 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-36 Public zero emission infrastructure is an important aspect of planning for emissions reductions and making communities more connected. Ensuring that buildings and facilities offer zero emission vehicle and bike charging influences individual decision-making. People are more likely to use transportation that has supported infrastructure; for example, if a city has charging stations, people have more of an incentive to use a zero emission vehicle. The city intends to expand its public zero emission infrastructure by installing more charging stations. Implementation Actions Primary Action T-8.a: Increase the number of zero emission miles traveled within the city by installing and incentivizing public zero emission vehicle and bicycle infrastructure. Supportive Action T-8.b: Seek external funding and/or partnerships for installation of zero emission vehicle and bicycle infrastructure (e.g., CEA customer programs). Action T-8.c: Explore creation of incentive programs for new construction and existing buildings to install zero emission vehicle and bicycle infrastructure beyond building code requirements. Action T-8.d: Continue education and outreach on zero emission vehicle options and rebates. Action T-8.e: Update existing Electric Vehicle Siting Plan to incorporate additional sites for zero emission vehicle and bicycle infrastructure, as well as new technologies, expanded zero emission vehicle types, and best practices. Action T-8.f: Explore employee purchase programs to encourage workplace charging for city staff. 2035: Supporting California Vehicle Efficiency Standards (Advanced Clean Cars II Regulation) 2045: Supporting California Vehicle Efficiency Standards (Advanced Clean Cars II Regulation) Timing: Ongoing Lead Department: Transportation Supporting Departments: Communications; Environmental Sustainability By 2025: Update existing Electric Vehicle Siting Plan to incorporate additional sites for zero emission vehicle and bicycle infrastructure, as well as new technologies, expanded zero emission vehicle types, and best practices Energy distributed from public zero emission chargers Number of zero emission vehicles purchased and licensed citywide Number of public zero emission charging stations installed Prioritize installation using social, economic, and environmental data Launch and/or promote incentive or rebate programs to install zero-emission charging infrastructure and/or purchase zero-emission vehicles Improved air quality GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits MEASURE T-8: Increase Public Zero Emission Infrastructure Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 82 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-37 To demonstrate its commitment to zero emissions, the city will continue to electrify its fleet as part of Measure T-9. Transitioning away from fossil fuel-dependent vehicles reduces the city’s GHG emissions and communicates its support of the CAP Update. The city can take immediate actions to install zero emission charging infrastructure and purchase technologies to sustain its fleet. Implementation Actions Primary Action T-9.a: Continue transition and expansion of the city’s zero emission fleet. Action T-9.b: Install zero emission charging infrastructure to support fleet conversion and deployment needs. Supportive Action T-9.c: Establish city fleet regulations for idling. Action T-9.d: Plan for fleet conversion and deployment, including updates to technology, legislation, and other best practices. Action T-9.e: Research technology options and purchase technology to sustain city fleet operations during emergencies. Action T-9.f: Transition all passenger fleet vehicle purchases after FY 2022-23 to be electric vehicles, with the exception of public safety vehicle purchases, which will be electric where feasible. Action T-9.g: Update city policies to encourage use of zero emission vehicles wherever feasible. 2035: 1,059 MTCO2e 2045: 592 MTCO2e Timing: Ongoing Lead Department: Fleet & Facilities By 2025: Plan for fleet conversion and deployment, including updates to technology, legislation, and other best practices By 2030: Establish city fleet regulations for idling By 2030: Update city policies to encourage the use of zero emission vehicles wherever feasible Number of zero emission fleet vehicles Amount of petroleum fuel used by fleet vehicles Number of zero emission charging stations for fleet vehicles Energy usage from city fleet zero emission charging stations Not applicable Improved air quality Improved public health GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits MEASURE T-9: Zero Emission City Fleet Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 83 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-38 One way the current transportation infrastructure supports the use of cars is through the provision of parking. Measure T-10 calls for the use of parking management strategies such as reducing short-term parking, time-limits on parking, and reducing or elimiating parking minimums in feasible locations while maintaing public access to the city’s coastline. Implementation Actions Primary Action T-10.a: Reduce vehicle miles traveled per capita citywide through parking management strategies. (Note: at the time the CAP Update was published, the update to the Carlsbad Village, Barrio, and Beach Area Parking Management Plan was under review. The extent of the revisions, if any, to the plan will depend on the findings of this analysis. Therefore, GHG Reductions, Monitoring Benchmarks, and Data Needed to Monitor have not been assigned. These sections would be updated as appropriate following the completion of the review of the Carlsbad Village, Barrio, and Beach Areas Parking Management Plan.) Supportive Action T-10.b: Implement and update city’s parking management strategies (e.g., Carlsbad Village, Barrio, and Beach Areas Parking Management Plan, Village and Barrio Master Plan) to encourage alternative modes of transportation throughout the city. 2035: Not quantified 2045: Not quantified Timing: Ongoing Lead Department: Transportation Supporting Department: Community Development No benchmarks identified No monitoring data identified Layer social, economic, and environmental data to assess where improvements go Improved air quality Improved public health GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits MEASURE T-10: Parking Management Strategies Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 84 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-39 Off-Road Equipment OR-1. Convert Gas-Powered Leaf Blowers OR-2. Increase Renewable or Alternative Fuel Construction Equipment Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 85 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-40 OFF-ROAD EQUIPMENT MEASURES Off-road emissions represent a variety of machinery and vehicle operations that currently utilize gasoline and diesel fuel. This includes, but is not limited to, construction equipment, generators, lawn equipment, and forklifts. Equipment powered by fossil fuels releases pollutants besides carbon dioxide that contribute to poor air quality and negative health impacts. By investing in alternatives to this equipment that use electricity or other fuel types, Carlsbad’s off-road equipment emissions will be reduced. Less off-road emissions will also improve local air quality conditions and benefit public health. The Off-Road Equipment strategy includes two GHG reduction measures: OR-1) Convert Gas-Powered Leaf Blowers and OR-2) Increase Renewable or Alternative Fuel Construction Equipment. These measures and their respective actions are described further below. Prohibiting the use of gas-powered leaf blowers is an effective way to reduce GHG emissions. Gas- powered leaf blowers are notorious for their inefficient combustion of fuel, resulting in emissions that rival the combustion engines of vehicles. Gas-powered leaf blowers also emit toxic pollutants that can be harmful to human health and the ozone layer. Measure OR-1 supports alternatives to this equipment and eliminates a significant source of noise pollution. Implementation Actions Primary Action OR-1.a: Develop, adopt, and implement an ordinance prohibiting the use of gas-powered leaf blowers. Supportive Action OR-1.b: Leverage existing state and regional resources to promote trade-in of existing gas- powered leaf blowers or other similar incentives. Action OR-1.c: Conduct outreach regarding the new requirements. MEASURE OR-1: Convert Gas-Powered Leaf Blowers Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 86 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-41 2035: 396 MTCO2e 2045: 386 MTCO2e Timing: Medium-term Lead Department: Environmental Sustainability Supporting Departments: Communications; Community Development; Finance; Police By 2030: Develop, adopt, and implement an ordinance prohibiting the use of gas-powered leaf blowers By 2035: Reduce 100% emissions from gas- powered leaf blowers Data related to ordinance implementation and enforcement Number of gas-powered leaf blowers converted within city equipment Launch and/or promote incentive program for trading out leaf-blowers Improved public health Improved air quality Construction equipment is essential to the development of infrastructure and depends on a variety of medium- and heavy-duty equipment. Construction equipment accounts for over half of the city’s off- road emissions. As construction is such an integral part of public and private projects, it is important to reduce its associated emissions. Measure OR-2 includes strategies for increasing the use of renewable and alternative fuel construction equipment. Implementation Actions Primary Action OR-2.a: Develop, adopt, and implement an ordinance requiring new developments and significant land-moving and construction projects to use electric-powered or alternatively-fueled construction equipment that reduces 50% of emissions from project construction activities. Supportive Action OR-2.b: Exempt small residential and non-residential projects from this requirement. Action OR-2.c: Conduct outreach regarding new requirements. Action OR-2.d: Seek external funding and leverage existing resources to support conversion of medium and heavy duty vehicles. GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits MEASURE OR-2: Increase Renewable or Alternative Fuel Construction Equipment Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 87 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-42 2035: 4,698 MTCO2e 2045: 15,081 MTCO2e Timing: Long-term Lead Departments: Community Development; Construction Management & Inspection Supporting Departments: City Attorney; Communications By 2035: Develop and adopt an ordinance requiring new developments and significant land-moving and construction projects to use electric-powered or alternatively-fueled construction equipment that reduces 50% of emissions from project construction activities By 2035: Conduct outreach regarding new requirements By 2045: Reduce 50% emissions from construction equipment Data related to ordinance implementation Fuel reduced by construction equipment Support high-road green job growth Improved air quality Improved public health GHG Reductions Implementation Details Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 88 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-43 Carbon Sequestration CS-1. Community Forest Management Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 89 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-44 CARBON SEQUESTRATION MEASURES Carbon Sequestration is an important strategy for reaching long-term decarbonization goals and preserving the ecosystem services that trees and natural lands provide. Vegetation within the community plays an important role in the sequestration of carbon that is released by human activities while providing many co-benefits, such as reducing the urban heat island effect and reducing air pollution. The Carbon Sequestration strategy includes one GHG reduction measure. This measure, CS-1) Community Forest Management, is described further below. Urban trees are the main source of carbon sequestration in developed cities. The city’s Community Forest Management Plan protects the more than 28,000 trees under its jurisdiction (City of Carlsbad 2019). Community forests not only store carbon, but they also offer shade that reduces the urban heat and improve the resiliency of the city against events such as heat waves, which are expected to increase in frequency and intensity as climate change progresses. Implementation Actions Primary Action CS-1.a: Increase city’s tree inventory by continuing to implement the Community Forest Management Plan. Action CS-1.b: To help sustain the city’s tree inventory, continue replacing trees at a 2:1 ratio. Action CS-1.c: Conduct an inventory to assess urban canopy cover every five years. Supportive Action CS-1.d: Explore additional locations for tree planting beyond what is included in the Community Forest Management Plan, with “right tree right space,” ongoing budget, and maintenance costs taken into consideration. Action CS-1.e: Encourage eligible residents to take part in a free street tree planting assessment. 2035: 7,519 MTCO2e 2045: 11,966 MTCO2e Timing: Ongoing Lead Department: Parks Supporting Department: Environmental Sustainability GHG Reductions Implementation Details MEASURE CS-1: Community Forest Management Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 90 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3-45 By 2025: Conduct an inventory to assess urban canopy cover By 2025: Complete implementation of Community Forest Management Plan Goal 2.A. (3,000 total trees added to inventory through 2025) By 2030: Explore additional locations for tree planting beyond what is included in the Community Forest Management Plan, with “right tree right space”, ongoing budget, and maintenance costs taken into consideration. By 2030: Conduct a second inventory to assess urban canopy cover By 2035: Conduct a third inventory to assess urban canopy cover By 2040: Conduct a fourth inventory to assess urban canopy cover By 2045: Achieve 32% urban canopy cover Number of trees added to inventory City-wide urban canopy cover Prioritize tree planting using social, economic, and environmental data Reduced heat island effects Enhanced community character Improved air quality Improved water quality Improved public health Increased natural habitat Improved resilience to climate impacts Monitoring Benchmarks Data Needed to Monitor Equity Considerations Co-Benefits Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 91 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 4-1 4 Implementation and Monitoring This chapter outlines the process by which the City of Carlsbad (city) will implement Climate Action Plan Update (CAP Update) strategies and measures, and how progress will be monitored over time to ensure the CAP Update is effective in reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. This chapter also discusses the application of the CAP Update for future development projects in relation to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). 4.1 Implementation Strategy Effective implementation of the CAP Update will require ongoing management and oversight. Multiple ongoing and interrelated city efforts serve as the basis for the CAP Update implementation strategy. For example, the Five Year Strategic Plan, adopted in 2021, focuses resources on community and City Council goals that support the city’s Community Vision, a variety of which align with CAP Update measures identified in Chapter 3. For example, pedestrian and bike street improvements are integral to numerous priority projects; this addresses the Five Year Strategic Plan goals of safety, community character, and sustainability, in addition to fulfilling transportation actions in the CAP Update. Progress towards these goals is assessed during the annual budget process, whereupon the city can allocate its resources to ensure goals are met in the 2023-2027 timeframe. Another example is the Implementation Cost Analysis prepared as a part of this CAP Update. The Implementation Cost Analysis details the cost to the city of implementing each CAP measure during the first five years of implementation, which allows the city to budget funding accordingly. Similar to the Five Year Strategic Plan, the Implementation Cost Analysis can allow the city to make budget requests more readily and holistically. See Appendix E for more details. Chapter 3 provides implementation details for each measure to help guide implementation of CAP Update actions. This provides transparency as to how an action will reduce GHG emissions and provides accountability by identifying implementation timeframes and responsible departments. Each measure that was evaluated included: monitoring benchmarks data needed to monitor, GHG reductions, implementation details, co-benefits, and equity considerations. The schedule by which each measure is to be implemented, beginning from the year the CAP Update is adopted, range from short- term, mid-term, long-term, and ongoing. These designations, in addition to considerations of equity, will help city staff determine which measures should be implemented and when, which will contribute to the effectiveness of the CAP Update. Regarding emissions reductions, for each measure, the city has identified benchmarks and data needs to track their progress toward 2035 and 2045 targets. Collecting the appropriate data is essential to provide an accurate indicator of measure completion progress. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 92 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 4-2 4.2 California Environmental Quality Act Streamlining The CAP Update will continue to serve as a resource for CEQA streamlining, per the provisions of state CEQA Guidelines Section 15183.5. Under these provisions, a project that is subject to discretionary review and is consistent with the city’s 2021-2029 Housing Element Update growth projections can streamline its GHG analysis under CEQA by demonstrating consistency with applicable GHG reduction measures in the CAP. A “qualified” CAP, or a GHG reduction plan consistent with CEQA Guidelines Section 15183.5, will allow project-specific environmental documents, if eligible, to tier from and/or incorporate by reference the CAP’s programmatic review of GHG impacts in their cumulative impact analyses for GHGs. Streamlined projects fulfill the city’s strategic approach to environmental sustainability, expediting environmental review while meeting the demand for green development. The CAP Update Consistency Checklist is the mechanism that is used to demonstrate consistency with the CAP Update and ensure that the specified emissions targets identified in the CAP Update are achieved. A project’s incremental contribution to cumulative GHG emissions may be determined not to be cumulatively considerable based on consistency with forecasts used in the CAP and its GHG reduction measures. 4.3 Monitoring and Reporting Once the CAP Update is adopted, the city will begin implementing measures and actions and collecting any necessary data needed for monitoring. City staff will need to evaluate and monitor CAP Update performance over time and alter or amend the plan if it is not following the emissions trends needed to meet its reduction targets. This will include conducting periodic GHG emissions inventories and analyzing individual actions’ performance, as well as incorporating CAP Update implementation needs into the annual budgeting cycle. Each GHG reduction measure included in the CAP Update includes a quantitative tracking metric to allow for data-decision making on the success of each measure. This monitoring approach will also allow city staff to ensure the CAP Update stays relevant and effective. To gauge progress over time, CAP Update monitoring will also require updates to its GHG emissions inventory. The San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) provides GHG inventory updates through the Regional Climate Action Planning Framework (ReCAP). Included in the ReCAP are best practices for monitoring and implementing CAPs, with additional technical appendices that assist in target selection, cost-benefit analyses, and calculating the reduction of GHG emissions per measure. SANDAG has committed to providing GHG inventories at no cost to its member agencies every two years. An updated GHG inventory is the most critical piece of monitoring data for the CAP Update; Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 93 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 4-3 without SANDAG’s technical assistance, the city would need to separately contract and pay for these inventories every two years. The city will continue to monitor and report on CAP Update implementation activities annually. The city has published annual CAP reports since 2017, which include the most recent GHG emissions data, the implementation status of each action, and progress toward achieving the performance targets of the corresponding emissions reduction measure. As technologies and markets change and the city implements the actions in the CAP Update, these reports will be used to track progress and identify actions that need to be improved, adjusted, or removed. The reports have been used for annual updates to the City Council about implementation progress on actions and overall progress towards CAP Update objectives. The reports also provide transparency and promote engagement with the public for CAP Update implementation. Ensuring that the measures identified in the CAP Update result in emissions reductions improvements is central to the success of the CAP. Achieving these goals will require investments and long-term commitments from the city government as well as participation from staff in various city departments. The success of CAP Update implementation will also depend on the participation of residents, businesses, and other stakeholders in Carlsbad. Finally, the city will prepare a comprehensive update to the CAP Update every five years. The next update is anticipated to be in 2029. Future updates will be necessary to account for any new state or federal legislation, measures and actions that may have been difficult to implement previously due to a lack of available technologies or high upfront implementation costs and any relevant findings and recommendations from the city’s annual monitoring reports. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 94 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 5-1 5 Works Cited 5.1 Executive Summary No references were cited. 5.2 Chapter 1 – Introduction California Air Resources Board. 2020. California Greenhouse Gas Emissions for 2000 to 2018: Trends of Emissions and Other Indicators. Available: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/classic/cc/ ghg_inventory_trends_00-18.pdf. Accessed March 7, 2024. California Energy Commission. 2024. Cal-Adapt Annual Averages Tool. Available: https://cal- adapt.org/tools/local-climate-change-snapshot. Accessed February 27, 2024. California Governor’s Office of Planning and Research, California Energy Commission, and California Natural Resources Agency. 2018. California’s Fourth Climate Change Assessment Report: State Summary Report. Available: https://www.energy.ca.gov/sites/default/files/2019-11/Statewide_Reports-SUM-CCCA4- 2018- 013_Statewide_Summary_Report_ADA.pdf. Accessed February 27, 2024. CEC. See California Energy Commission. City of Carlsbad. 2022 (October). Carlsbad Strategic Plan 2023-2027. Available: https://www.carlsbadca.gov/home/showpublisheddocument/11580/638013661478470000. Accessed March 7, 2024. ______. 2023 (July). Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment. Available: https://www.carlsbadca.gov/home/showpublisheddocument/14740/638285549714968446. Accessed February 27, 2024. County of San Diego. 2022 (September). Operational Area Emergency Operations Plan. Available: https://www.sandiegocounty.gov/content/dam/sdc/oes/emergency_management/plans/op-area- plan/2022/EOP2022_Basic%20Plan.pdf. Accessed February 27, 2024. EPA. See US Environmental Protection Agency. OPR, CEC, and CNRA. See California Governor’s Office of Planning and Research, California Energy Commission, and California Natural Resources Agency. UN Climate Change. See United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Secretariat. United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change Secretariat. n.d. Key Aspects of the Paris Agreement. Available: https://unfccc.int/most-requested/key-aspects-of-the-paris-agreement. Accessed April 17, 2024. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 95 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 5-2 US Environmental Protection Agency. 2023 (November). Climate Change and Human Health: Who’s Most at Risk? Available: https://www.epa.gov/climateimpacts/climate-change-and-human-health-whos-most- risk. Accessed March 7, 2024. 5.3 Chapter 2 – Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory, Forecasts, and Targets California Air Resources Board. 2019. California Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trends for 2000 to 2017. Available: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/sites/default/files/classic/cc/inventory/pubs/reports/2000_2016/ghg_inventor y_trends_00-16.pdf?_ga=2.82380309.2023796967.1709254496-1501861779.1691610620. Accessed February 29, 2024. ______. 2022. 2022 Scoping Plan for Achieving Carbon Neutrality. Available: https://ww2.arb.ca.gov/our- work/programs/ab-32-climate-change-scoping-plan/2022-scoping-plan-documents. Accessed February 27, 2024. CARB. See California Air Resources Board. California Department of Conservation. 2024. Geologic Carbon Sequestration in California. Available: https://www.conservation.ca.gov/cgs/gcs. Accessed February 27, 2024. DOC. See California Department of Conservation. EPA. See US Environmental Protection Agency. US Environmental Protection Agency. 2024 (January). Greenhouse Gas Equivalencies Calculator. Available: https://www.epa.gov/energy/greenhouse-gas-equivalencies-calculator. Retrieved February 27, 2024. 5.4 Chapter 3 – Greenhouse Gas Reduction Strategies and Measures City of Carlsbad. 2019 (September). Community Forest Management Plan. Available: https://www.carlsbadca.gov/home/showpublisheddocument/1998/637433846147430000. Accessed February 27, 2024. ______. 2020 (December). City of Carlsbad Sustainable Mobility Plan - Draft. Available: https://www.carlsbadca.gov/departments/streets-traffic/biking-walking/mobility/sustainable-mobility- plan. Accessed March 7, 2024. Carlsbad Municipal Water District. 2021 (June). 2020 Urban Water Management Plan. Available: https://www.carlsbadca.gov/departments/utilities/water. Accessed February 27, 2024. CMWD. See Carlsbad Municipal Water District. 5.5 Chapter 4 – Implementation and Monitoring No references were cited. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 96 of 637 Appendix A Glossary Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 97 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 1 Glossary Baseline: The first year an annual greenhouse gas inventory is completed; a calculated level of annual emissions against which future inventories can be compared. Business As Usual (BAU): Regarding GHG emissions forecasts, a BAU scenario is based on a continuation of current trends in activity and does not account for GHG emissions reductions resulting from laws and regulations adopted by local, regional, state, or federal agencies. California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA): A statute that generally requires state and local government agencies to inform decision makers and the public about the potential environmental impacts of proposed projects, and to mitigate significant environmental impacts to the extent feasible. Carbon Capture: Process of capturing carbon dioxide before it enters the atmosphere and storing it for centuries or millennia. Carbon Dioxide Equivalent (CO2e): A way to measure and equalize the different warming potencies of the six internationally recognized GHGs. Measuring emissions in terms of CO2e helps to normalize all GHG emissions to CO2, which is the most prevalent GHG emitted by human activities and has a global warming potential (GWP) value of 1. Carbon Neutrality: All GHG emissions emitted into the atmosphere balanced in equal measure by GHGs that are removed from the atmosphere, either through carbon sinks (i.e., natural or anthropogenic systems that absorb or hold more carbon than they emit) or CCUS. (See also “Net Zero GHG Emissions”). Carbon Sequestration: Process of capturing, securing, and storing carbon from the atmosphere for example in vegetation such as grasslands or forest, as well as in soils and oceans. Climate Change Scoping Plan: The State of California’s climate action plan, which is designed to provide a statewide strategy for achieving the GHG reduction targets established in AB 32 and subsequent laws. Co-Benefit: Additional positive benefits that are not the primary intent of GHG reduction measures. Community Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory: A community GHG emissions inventory identifies the sources, activities, and sectors that generate emissions from activities within the city and the relative contributions of each. Composting: A process by which organic materials such as yard waste, grass, tree trimmings, fruit, and sometimes meat products and sewage sludge are converted to fertilizer through controlled decomposition. Decarbonization: The reduction or elimination of carbon dioxide emissions from a process such as manufacturing or the production of energy. Desalination: The process of converting saline water into freshwater. Electrification: The process of replacing systems that use fossil fuels (e.g., coal, oil, natural gas) with ones that use electricity as a source of power. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 98 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 2 Energy Storage: The capture of energy produced at one time (e.g., high production with low demand) so that it can be used at another time (e.g., low production with high demand). Building more energy storage allows renewable energy sources to power more of the electric grid. Equity: In the context of this CAP, the term equity means the just distribution of the benefits of climate action efforts and the alleviation of unequal burdens created by climate change. General Plan: A mandatory local government plan in California that serves as a blueprint for local land use and meeting the community’s long-term vision for the future. Greenhouse Gas Reduction Target: A goal of reducing GHG emissions a certain amount by a specified point in time; typically reflected as a percent reduction from a historic baseline by a certain year. Global Warming Potential (GWP): The relative potency of various GHGs when compared to carbon dioxide. 4. The GWPs for various greenhouse gases are used to calculate the total CO2e from emissions sources for use in GHG inventories. Greenhouse Effect: A warming of Earth’s surface and atmosphere caused by the presence of greenhouse gases, which has been enhanced by human activities resulting in the release of excess greenhouse gases. Land use: The way a parcel of land is used or occupied. Legislative-Adjusted GHG Emissions Forecast: An assessment of how emissions will change over time considering legislative and regulatory actions that are already being implemented at the regional, state, or federal levels. Microgrid: A local electrical grid with defined electrical boundaries, acting as a single and controllable entity, and with the ability to operate both grid-connected and independently. Mode share: The percentage of travelers using a particular type of transportation, such as by bicycle, by private vehicle (e.g., car, truck, taxicab, van, motorcycle), by public transportation (e.g., bus, rail, ferry), and by foot. Net Zero GHG Emissions: Removing an equal amount of GHGs from the atmosphere as are released into it. AB 1279 set California on a path to net zero GHG emissions by 2045. While similar to carbon neutrality, net zero GHG emissions applies to all GHGs emitted into the atmosphere. Nitrogen Oxides (NOX): A family of poisonous, highly reactive gases that form when fuel is burned at high temperatures; are commonly emitted by automobiles, trucks, off-road vehicles, and industrial sources, like power plants. Includes nitric oxide, nitrogen dioxide, and other nitrogen-based oxides. Off-Road Equipment: Any non-stationary device powered by an internal combustion engine or electric motor used primarily off roadways, such as those used for agricultural, landscaping or construction purposes. Organic Waste: Solid waste containing material originated from living organisms and their metabolic waste products, including but not limited to food, green waste, landscape and pruning waste, applicable textiles and carpets, wood, lumber, fiber, manure, biosolids, digestate and sludges. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 99 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 3 Resiliency: The ability to anticipate, prepare for, respond to, and recover from hazardous events, trends, or disturbances related to climate. Renewable Energy: Renewable energy is energy derived from natural sources that are replenished at a higher rate than they are consumed. Solid waste: Any garbage or refuse, sludge from a wastewater treatment plant, water supply treatment plant, or air pollution control facility and other discarded material, resulting from industrial, commercial, mining, and agricultural operations, and from community activities. Traffic Calming Measures: Roadway design features which serve to decrease vehicle speeds, make drivers more aware of their surroundings, or divert vehicles from neighborhood roadways not intended for through traffic. Transit: The movement of people or goods typically via public transportation. Transportation Demand Management (TDM): Also known as travel demand management, TDM is the application of strategies and policies to reduce travel demand of single-occupancy private vehicles, traffic congestion, or to redistribute this demand in space or in time. Underrepresented Communities: A collective of individuals that often lack representation in decision making processes due to their identity(s). Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT): VMT is a measure of how much motor vehicle activity occurs on the roadway network in total miles traveled over a given period of time, and it is a key input into measuring GHG emissions from motor vehicles broadly at various scales. Zero-Emission Vehicle (ZEV): Any vehicle that produces zero GHG emissions in its day-to-day operations. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 100 of 637 Appendix B List of Acronyms and Abbreviations Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 101 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 1 Acronyms and Abbreviations ºC degrees Celsius % percent AB Assembly Bill ADU accessory dwelling units AF acre feet BAU business-as-usual CAFE Corporate Average Fuel Economy CAP Climate Action Plan CAP Update Climate Action Plan Update CARB California Air Resources Board CEA Clean Energy Alliance CEC California Energy Commission CEQA California Environmental Quality Act CFCs chlorofluorocarbons CH4 methane city City of Carlsbad CMWD Carlsbad Municipal Water District CNRA California Natural Resources Agency CO2 carbon dioxide CO2e carbon dioxide equivalent CPUC California Public Utilities Commission CSI California Solar Initiatives DOC California Department of Conservation EIR Environmental Impact Report EO Executive Order EPA US Environmental Protection Agency EPIC Energy Policy Initiatives Center EV electric vehicle GHG greenhouse gas GWP global warming potential Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 102 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 2 HFC hydrofluorocarbon ICLEI International Council for Local Environmental Initiatives IPCC Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change kWh kilowatt-hour MT metric ton N2O nitrous oxide OPR Governor's Office of Planning and Research PFC perfluorocarbon PV photovoltaic ReCAP Regional Climate Action Planning Framework SANDAG San Diego Association of Governments SCADA Supervisory Control & Data Acquisition Master Plan SB Senate Bill SDCWA San Diego County Water Authority SDG&E San Diego Gas & Electric SF6 sulfur hexafluoride TDM Transportation Demand Management VMT vehicle miles traveled ZEV zero emission vehicle Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 103 of 637 Appendix C GHG Emissions Inventory, Forecast and Targets Documentation and GHG Reduction Measures Quantification Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 104 of 637 Methods for Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Emissions Reductions April 2024 Prepared for the City of Carlsbad’s Climate Action Plan Update Prepared by the Energy Policy Initiatives Center Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 105 of 637 (city of Carlsbad ~EPIC ENERGY POLICY INITIATIVES CENTER UNIVERSITY OF SAN DIEGO SCHOOL OF LAW © 2024 University of San Diego. All rights reserved. About EPIC The Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC) is a non-profit research center of the University of San Diego School of Law that studies energy policy issues affecting California and the San Diego region. EPIC’s mission is to increase awareness and understanding of energy- and climate-related policy issues by conducting research and analysis to inform decision makers and educate law students. For more information, please visit the EPIC website at www.sandiego.edu/epic. The Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC) prepared this Appendix for the City of Carlsbad. This Appendix represents EPIC’s professional judgment based on the data and information available at the time EPIC prepared this Appendix. EPIC relies on data and information from third parties who provide it with no guarantees such as of completeness, accuracy or timeliness. EPIC makes no representations or warranties, whether expressed or implied, and assumes no legal liability for the use of the information in this Appendix; nor does any party represent that the uses of this information will not infringe upon privately owned rights. Readers of the Appendix are advised that EPIC may periodically update this report or data, information, findings, and opinions and that they assume all liabilities incurred by them, or third parties, as a result of their reliance on the report, data, information, findings and opinions contained in the Appendix. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 106 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table of Contents 1 Overview ............................................................................................................................................... 1 2 Background ............................................................................................................................................ 1 2.1 Greenhouse Gases ................................................................................................................1 2.2 Demographics ......................................................................................................................2 3 Baseline 2016 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory............................................................................ 3 3.1 Summary of 2016 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory .........................................................3 3.2 Method to Calculate 2016 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory .............................................4 4 Business-as-usual Emissions Projection .............................................................................................. 16 5 2035 and 2045 Reduction Targets....................................................................................................... 19 6 Summary of Emissions Reduction Estimates ...................................................................................... 20 7 Methods To Estimate Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reductions ........................................................... 22 7.1 Common Assumptions and Methods for Calculating Electricity Emissions Reductions ............. 23 7.2 Common Assumptions and Methods for Calculating Natural Gas Emissions Reductions .......... 25 7.3 Common Assumptions and Methods for Calculating On-Road Transportation Emissions Reductions ................................................................................................................................... 26 7.4 Federal and State Actions that Reduce GHG Emissions in Carlsbad ........................................ 28 7.5 Climate Action Plan Update Measures ................................................................................. 34 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 107 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Tables Table 1 Global Warming Potentials .............................................................................................................. 2 Table 2 Population, Housing, and Jobs Estimates ......................................................................................... 3 Table 3 2016 Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Carlsbad ................................................................................... 4 Table 4 O-D VMT Estimates by Trip Types and Total VMT ........................................................................... 6 Table 5 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from On-Road Transportation ............................................................. 7 Table 6 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Electricity ..................................................................................... 8 Table 7 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Natural Gas .................................................................................. 9 Table 8 Mixed Solid Waste Emission Factor ................................................................................................. 9 Table 9 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Solid Waste ................................................................................ 11 Table 10 Off-Road Transportation Sub-Categories ..................................................................................... 12 Table 11 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Off-Road Transportation ........................................................ 13 Table 12 CMWD and Total Water Supplied ................................................................................................ 14 Table 13 Average Upstream Energy Intensity for SDCWA Member Agencies ............................................ 15 Table 14 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from the Water ................................................................................ 16 Table 15 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Wastewater ............................................................................. 16 Table 16 Business-As-Usual Emissions Projections ..................................................................................... 17 Table 17 Method to Project Business-as-usual Emissions .......................................................................... 18 Table 18 Emissions Projections, Reduction Targets, and Emissions Reductions Needed .......................... 19 Table 19 2035 and 2045 GHG Emissions Reductions by Strategy .............................................................. 20 Table 20 2035 and 2045 GHG Emissions Reductions by Measure ............................................................. 21 Table 21 Carlsbad Citywide Electricity Emission Factors ............................................................................ 24 Table 22 GHG Emissions Reductions from Actions Increasing Renewable and Zero-Carbon Supply ......... 25 Table 23 GHG Emissions Reductions by Supply ......................................................................................... 25 Table 24 Average Vehicle Emission Rate in the San Diego Region ............................................................. 28 Table 25 Emissions Reductions from California Renewables Portfolio Standard ....................................... 30 Table 26 Behind-the-meter PV Capacity and Estimated Electricity Generation ......................................... 31 Table 27 Key Assumptions and Results for California Solar Policies, Programs, and Mandates ................ 32 Table 28 Estimated Energy Savings from California Energy Efficiency Programs ....................................... 33 Table 29 Emissions Reductions from California Energy Efficiency Programs ............................................. 34 Table 30 Federal and California Vehicle Efficiency Standards .................................................................... 34 Table 31 Measure T-1 Assumptions and Results - Traffic Signal Synchronization ...................................... 36 Table 32 Measure T-1 Assumptions and Results - Roundabouts ............................................................... 36 Table 33 Measure T-2 Assumptions and Results ........................................................................................ 37 Table 34 Number of Students in Safe Routes to School Program .............................................................. 38 Table 35 Measure T-3 Assumptions and Results ........................................................................................ 38 Table 36 Bikeway Mileage in the Sustainable Mobility Plan ...................................................................... 39 Table 37 Measure T-4 Assumptions and Results ........................................................................................ 40 Table 38 Pedestrian Network Mileage in the Sustainable Mobility Plan .................................................... 40 Table 39 Measure T-5 Assumptions and Results ........................................................................................ 41 Table 40 Measure T-7 Assumptions and Results ........................................................................................ 41 Table 41 Measure T-9 Assumptions and Results - Gasoline ....................................................................... 42 Table 42 Measure T-9 Assumptions and Results - Diesel .......................................................................... 42 Table 43 Measure E-1 Assumptions and Results ........................................................................................ 43 Table 44 Measure E-2 Assumptions and Results ........................................................................................ 44 Table 45 Measure E-3.1 Potential Energy Savings ...................................................................................... 45 Table 46 Measure E-3.1 Assumptions and Results - Natural Gas ............................................................... 46 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 108 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 47 Measure E-3.1 Assumptions and Results - Electricity .................................................................. 46 Table 48 Measure E-3.2 Potential Energy Savings ...................................................................................... 47 Table 49 Measure E-3.2 Assumptions and Results - Natural Gas ............................................................... 47 Table 50 Measure E-3.2 Assumptions and Results - Electricity .................................................................. 47 Table 51 Measure E-4.1 Assumptions and Results - Natural Gas, Existing Reach Code ............................. 49 Table 52 Measure E-4.1 Assumptions and Results - Electricity, Existing Reach Code ................................ 49 Table 53 Measure E-4.1 Assumptions and Results - Electricity, Residential Energy Conservation Ordinance .................................................................................................................................................... 50 Table 54 Measure E-4.1 Assumptions and Results - Natural Gas, Residential Energy Conservation Ordinance .................................................................................................................................................... 50 Table 55 Assumptions of Higher Energy Performance Homes ................................................................... 51 Table 56 Measure E-4.2 Assumptions and Results - Natural Gas ............................................................... 51 Table 57 Measure E-4.2 Assumptions and Results - Electricity .................................................................. 51 Table 58 Measure E-5 Assumptions and Results ........................................................................................ 52 Table 59 Measure E-6 Assumptions and Results ........................................................................................ 53 Table 60 Measure W-1 Assumptions and Results....................................................................................... 53 Table 61 Measure W-2 Assumptions and Results....................................................................................... 54 Table 62 Measure WD-1 Assumptions and Results .................................................................................... 55 Table 63 Measure OR-1 Assumptions and Results ..................................................................................... 56 Table 64 Measure OR-2 Assumptions and Results ..................................................................................... 56 Table 65 Measure CS-1 Assumptions and Results ...................................................................................... 57 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 109 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Figures Figure 1 2016 Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Carlsbad ................................................................................. 4 Figure 2 O-D Method for VMT Calculation .................................................................................................. 6 Figure 3 Example of Water Cycle ................................................................................................................ 13 Figure 4 Example of Business-As-Usual and Legislatively-Adjusted Business-As-Usual Emissions Projections .................................................................................................................................................. 17 Figure 5 Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Business-As-Usual Emissions Projections .................................. 18 Figure 6 Business-As-Usual Projections and Reduction Targets ................................................................. 20 Figure 7 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trend (2021–2045) ........................................................................... 22 Figure 8 ACCII ZEV and PHEV Sales (Adapted from CARB October 2022 Public Workshop for the EMFAC202Y Model, Presentation Slide 28) ................................................................................................ 27 Figure 9 SB 100 and SB 1020 Targets .......................................................................................................... 29 Figure 10 Behind-the-meter Photovoltaic Historical Capacity and Projections ......................................... 32 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 110 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 1 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego 1 OVERVIEW This Appendix provides a summary of the 2016 greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions inventory for the City of Carlsbad (referred to as “Carlsbad” or “the city”), the business-as-usual (BAU) emissions projections through 2045, and the methods used to calculate the GHG emissions reductions from the measures included in the city’s Climate Action Plan (CAP) Update. This Appendix includes the following sections: • Section 2 describes the background sources used for this Appendix; • Section 3 provides the 2016 GHG emissions inventory results summary and the methods used to prepare each emissions category of the inventory; • Section 4 provides a summary of the emissions projections for 2035 and 2045, and the methods used to prepare projections for each emissions category; • Section 5 describes this CAP Update’s 2035 and 2045 targets; • Section 6 provides a summary of emissions impacts from federal, State (California), and local CAP strategies; and • Section 7 details the common data sources and methods used to estimate emissions reductions, and the methods used to estimate emissions reductions from federal, State, regional, and local CAP Update strategies. Unless stated otherwise, all activity data, GHG emissions, and GHG emissions reductions reported in this Appendix are annual values for the calendar year, and all emission factors reported in this document are annual average values for the calendar year. Rounding is used for the final GHG values within the tables and figures throughout the document. Values are not rounded in the intermediary steps in any calculation. Because of rounding, some totals may not equal the values summed in any table or figure. 2 BACKGROUND 2.1 Greenhouse Gases The primary GHGs included in the city’s emissions estimates are carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O). Each GHG has a different capacity to trap heat in the atmosphere, known as its global warming potential (GWP), which is normalized relative to CO2 and expressed in carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e). In general, the 100-year GWPs reported by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) are used to estimate GHG emissions. The GWPs used in this inventory are from the IPCC Fourth Assessment Report (AR4),1 provided in Table 1. 1 IPCC Fourth Assessment Report: Climate Change 2007: Direct Global Warming Potentials (2013). Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 111 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 2 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 1 Global Warming Potentials Greenhouse Gas Global Warming Potential Carbon dioxide (CO2) 1 Methane (CH4) 25 Nitrous oxide (N2O) 298 IPCC 2013. 2.2 Demographics State Housing Element law requires all local governments to plan for housing needs of their residents every eight years to ensure adequate opportunities for housing development. The 2021-2029 Housing Element is the city’s plan for meeting future housing needs. With the implementation of Carlsbad’s 2021-2029 Housing Element Update (HEU), which facilitates the development of rezoned sites to accommodate residential development, the city would have 56,516 housing units and a population of 127,263 in 2035, the city’s General Plan buildout year. The CAP Update relies on the HEU’s probabilistic development forecasts to determine future housing and population growth in the city. When adopting the HEU rezoning program, the City Council certified the Supplemental Environmental Impact Report (SEIR), which studied the overall impacts of rezoning 18 properties to accommodate future housing. Ultimately, the City Council only approved the rezoning of 16 properties and removed sites 5 and 18 from the map.2 Although actual housing and population growth in the future depends on growth patterns, economic conditions, and state and local regulations, underlying HEU record data utilized for the CAP Update slightly overestimates housing development opportunities (by including housing sites 15 and 18). While the certified SEIR discussed the potential environmental impacts (both direct and indirect) associated with the development of housing on all 18 sites as part of the HEU’s implementation, it is of continuing informational value when assessing future demographic trends of the city within the CAP Update. The CAP Update, and the analysis of future year sources of GHGs, is not sensitive to the removal of sites 5 and 18 and leads to a more conservative analysis of quantified objectives. The HEU does not project population or housing units in Carlsbad beyond 2035. To project the GHG emissions through 2045 for the CAP Update, the population and housing units are projected separately. The population through 2045 is based on (1) the 2035 population from the HEU and (2) the San Diego regional 2035-2045 population increase projected by the California Department of Finance.3 Housing units through 2045 are based on (1) the 2035-2045 Carlsbad population and (2) the 2035 persons per household in the HEU (2.42 persons per household).4 The HEU does not generate a jobs projection. However, the San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) does estimate population, housing, and jobs for all jurisdictions in the San Diego region. SANDAG generates multiple forecasts during each Regional Plan preparation. At the time the CAP Update was developed, one SANDAG forecast was the baseline Series 14 Regional Growth Forecast, which represents a combination of economic and demographic projections, existing land use plans and policies, and potential land use plan changes that may occur in the region. Another SANDAG forecast 2 Carlsbad Housing Element Update Environmental Impact Analysis (4.11 Population and Housing), June 23, 2023. 3 California Department of Finance: P-2 County Population Projections (2020-2060), released on July 19, 2023, accessed on July 20, 2023. For San Diego County (region), the population is 3,403,354 in 2035 and 3,412,606 in 2045. 4 127,263 persons per 56,516 housing units from the Carlsbad HEU, data provided by City to EPIC, June 27, 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 112 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 3 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego was the 2021 Regional Plan Sustainable Communities Strategy (SCS) land use pattern scenario, which is based on the baseline Series 14 Regional Growth Forecast but assumes a densification of land use within Mobility Hubs. The jobs projection through 2045 from the SCS land use pattern scenario forecast is used for the CAP Update because this forecast is referenced in the HEU.5 The population, housing, jobs, and service population estimates for 2016 and projections for 2035 and 2045 are provided in Table 2.6 Table 2 Population, Housing, and Jobs Estimates Year Population Housing Units Jobs Service Population 2016 112,264 46,152 76,623 188,887 2035 127,263 52,516 90,801 218,064 2045 127,609 53,399 95,762 223,371 Housing unit types include single detached units, single attached units, two to four units, five plus or apartment units, and mobile homes. Service population is the sum of population and jobs. Carlsbad 2023, SANDAG 2021, Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 3 BASELINE 2016 GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS INVENTORY 3.1 Summary of 2016 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory The total GHG emissions from Carlsbad in 2016 were approximately 981,000 metric tons CO2e (MT CO2e), distributed into categories as shown in Figure 1.7 5 SANDAG: Baseline Series 14 Regional Growth Forecast, and 2021 Regional Plan Appendix F: Regional Growth Forecast and Sustainable Communities Strategy Land Use Pattern (2021). 6 2016 and 2035 numbers are from Carlsbad HEU, data provided by City to EPIC, June 27, 2023. 2016 are based on SANDAG’s off-the-shelf model data. 2045 population and housing units are projected with the methods described in this section. 2045 jobs number is from 2021 Regional Plan Appendix F: Regional Growth Forecast and Sustainable Communities Strategy Land Use Pattern (2021), 2016-2050 jobs number were provided by SANDAG to EPIC, December 21, 2021. 7 The latest Carlsbad CAP annual report (published 2024) includes a 2016 and 2018 GHG inventory. The revisions made to the 2016 GHG inventory reported are: (1) updated vehicle miles and vehicle emission rates data from the latest models; (2) updated off-road transportation emissions from the latest model; and (3) updated water emissions based on latest local water energy intensity data. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 113 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 4 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Figure 1 2016 Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Carlsbad Table 3 2016 Greenhouse Gas Emissions in Carlsbad Emissions Category 2016 Inventory GHG Emissions (MT CO2e) Distribution (%) On-Road Transportation* 502,000 51% Electricity 269,000 27% Natural Gas 133,000 14% Solid Waste 35,000 4% Off-Road Transportation 31,000 3% Water 8,000 1% Wastewater 3,000 0.3% Total 981,000 100% Sums may not add up to totals due to rounding. GHG emissions for each category are rounded to the nearest thousand. Values are not rounded in the intermediary steps in the calculation. *2016 VMT is from SANDAG’s activity-based model (ABM2+), No Build Dataset 41 (DS 41) base year. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 3.2 Method to Calculate 2016 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory The CAP follows the U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions (U.S. Community Protocol),8 developed by ICLEI USA. It requires a minimum of five basic 8 ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability USA: U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Version 1.2 (2019). Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 114 of 637 Percentage may not add to totals due to rounding. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 5 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego emissions-generating activities to be included in a Protocol-compliant community-scale GHG inventory. These categories are electricity, natural gas, on-road transportation, water and wastewater, and solid waste. GHG emissions are calculated by multiplying activity data (e.g., kilowatt-hours of electricity) by an emission factor (e.g., pounds of CO2e per unit of electricity). For these five categories, methods based on the U.S. Community Protocol were modified with regional- or city-specific data when available. Additionally, GHG emissions from off-road activity were included in the inventory and projections, based on the methods and models used by California Air Resources Board (CARB) in the statewide GHG emission inventory.9 3.2.1 On-Road Transportation The emissions associated with on-road transportation are calculated by multiplying the estimated Carlsbad VMT and the average vehicle emission rate in the San Diego region in 2016. 2016 annual VMT was estimated based on the average weekday VMT for Carlsbad using SANDAG’s activity-based model (ABM2+) No Build Dataset 41 (DS 41) base year data.10 VMT derived from ABM2+ was then allocated to Carlsbad using the Origin-Destination (O-D) method.11 The O-D VMT method estimates miles traveled based on where a trip originates and ends to attribute on-road emissions to cities and regions (Figure 2). This is the preferred method proposed by the U.S Community Protocol in “TR.1 Emissions from Passenger Vehicles” and “TR.2 Emissions from Freight and Service Trucks”.12 9 California Air Resources Board (CARB): California Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory – 2021 Edition. 10 Fehr & Peers (June 8, 2023), City of Carlsbad Housing Element Update Transportation Modeling Considerations and Results [Memorandum], accessed July 31, 2023. 11 SANDAG (2013): Vehicle Miles Traveled Calculation Using the SANDAG Regional Travel Demand Model. Technical White Paper. 12 ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability USA: U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Version 1.2 (2019), Appendix D: Transportation and Other Mobile Emission Activities and Sources. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 115 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 6 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Figure 2 O-D Method for VMT Calculation O-D VMT allocated to Carlsbad include all miles traveled for trips that originate and end within Carlsbad city limits (referred to as Internal-Internal) and half of the miles traveled for trips that either begin within Carlsbad and end outside the city (referred to as Internal-External), or vice versa (referred to as External-Internal). In accordance with the methodology, VMT from trips that begin and end outside Carlsbad (referred to as External-External) are not included in the total city VMT. The total average weekday VMT were multiplied by 347 to adjust from average weekday VMT to average annual VMT which includes weekends.13 The average weekday VMT estimates for each trip type and the total VMT allocated to Carlsbad in 2016 are given in Table 4.14 Table 4 O-D VMT Estimates by Trip Types and Total VMT Year VMT by Trip Type (miles/weekday) Total City VMT (100% * I-I + 50% * I-E/E-I) (miles per weekday) Total City VMT (miles per Year) Internal-Internal (I-I) Trips External-Internal (E-I) Trips Internal-External (I-E) Trips 2016 609,696 2,655,837 2,649,204 3,262,216 1,131,989,126 Based on SANDAG ABM2+, No Build Dataset 41 (DS 41) base year estimates. The conversion factor from miles per weekday to miles per year is 347. Fehr & Peers 2023, Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 13 The conversion of 347 weekdays to 365 days per year is as used by CARB. CARB: California’s 2000–2014 Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory Technical Support Document (2016 Edition), p. 41 (September 2016). 14 2016 VMT was provided by Fehr & Peers to City of Carlsbad (June 26, 2023 based on the SANDAG Activity Based Model 2+ Release v14.2.2, Series 14 Forecast, Scenario ID 469, September 2021). Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 116 of 637 •----- External-Internal I Internal-External External-External Internal-Internal .. Jurisdiction Boundary -•I-- - - - - - -Miles NOT Counted using Origin-Destination Method Miles Counted using Origin-Destination Method Enerqy Policy Initiatives Center, 2018 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 7 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego The average annual vehicle emission rate expressed in grams of CO2e per mile driven (g CO2e/mile) is derived from the statewide mobile source emissions model, EMFAC2021, developed by CARB.15 EMFAC2021 was run in the default activity mode to generate the total VMT and total vehicle GHG emissions for the San Diego region, including all vehicle model years, classes, and fuel types. This document assumes that Carlsbad has the same distribution of vehicle types as the San Diego region. Total estimated VMT, average vehicle emission rates, and corresponding GHG emissions from on-road transportation from 2016 are given in Table 5. Table 5 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from On-Road Transportation Year Total VMT (miles/year) Average Vehicle Emission Rate (g CO2e/mile) GHG Emissions (MT CO2e) 2016 1,131,989,126 427 502,000 GHG emissions for each category are rounded. Values are not rounded in the intermediary steps in the calculation. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023. 3.2.2 Electricity Emissions from electricity in Carlsbad were estimated by multiplying electricity use by the city-specific electricity emission factor in 2016. This is the method from Built Environment (BE.2) in the U.S. Community Protocol.16 Annual metered electricity sales data within the city were provided by the local investor-owned utility (IOU), San Diego Gas & Electric (SDG&E).17 The electricity sales were then adjusted by (1) a loss factor18 of 1.08219 to account for transmission and distribution losses and (2) subtracting electricity use associated with moving water within the city limits, which is allocated to the water category (Section 3.2.6). The adjusted net energy for load (electricity sales + losses) is provided in Table 6. For a given year, the city-specific electricity emission factor, expressed in pounds of CO2e per megawatt- hour (lbs CO2e/MWh), is estimated based on the specific power mix of bundled power20 and Direct Access (DA) power21 in the city and their respective emission factors. 15 CARB: EMission FACtors model, EMFAC2021 v1.0.2, on May 2, 2022 and EMFAC Emissions Inventory Web Database: On-Road Emissions. 16 ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability USA: U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Version 1.2 (2019), Appendix C: Built Environment Emission Activities and Sources. 17 2016 metered electricity sales were provided to EPIC by SDG&E (February 28, 2018). 18 The transmission and distribution loss factor is used to scale end-use demand or retail sales to produce net energy for load. L. Wong, A Review of Transmission Losses In Planning Studies, CEC Staff Paper (August 2011). 19 The loss factor is from the California Energy Commission’s Energy Demand 2019 Forecast. For each forecast cycle, utilities provide the estimates, which remain relatively stable. Personal communication with CEC staff. March 23, 2020. 20 SDG&E’s bundled customers are those who receive both electric generation and electric delivery service from SDG&E (bundled service). SDG&E: Customer Choice Service Types. 21 Direct Access customers receive electric generation from an Electric Service Provider (not SDG&E), but electricity is delivered by SDG&E. SDG&E: Customer Choice Service Types. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 117 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 8 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego The SDG&E bundled emission factors are calculated using Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) Form 122 data, the California Energy Commission (CEC) Power Source Disclosure (PSD) Program23 data on SDG&E-owned and purchased power, and the U.S. EPA Emissions and Generating Resource Integrated Database (eGRID) 2016 Edition24 on specific power plant emissions. The 2016 SDG&E bundled emission factor calculated using the sources above is 525 lbs CO2e/MWh. The DA emission factor is 836 lbs CO2e/MWh and based on California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) Decision D.14-12-037.25 The city- specific electricity emission factors are provided in Table 6. Emissions are calculated by multiplying the adjusted net energy for load (electricity sales + losses) and the corresponding city-specific electricity emission factor. The net energy for Carlsbad’s load, electricity emission factors, and corresponding GHG emissions from the electricity category for 2016 are shown in Table 6. Table 6 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Electricity Year Net Energy for Load (electricity Sales + losses) (MWh) City-Specific Emission Factor (lbs CO2e/MWh) GHG Emissions (MT CO2e) 2016 1,086,656 545 269,000 City-specific emission factors are for Carlsbad only and do not represent the emission factors of SDG&E bundled electricity or of other jurisdictions in the San Diego region. GHG emissions for each category are rounded. Values are not rounded in the intermediary steps in the calculation. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 3.2.3 Natural Gas Emissions from natural gas use in Carlsbad were estimated by multiplying the natural gas usage and the natural gas emission factor in 2016. This uses the method Built Environment (BE.1) from the U.S. Community Protocol.26 Annual natural gas sales were provided by SDG&E and broken down by residential, commercial, and industrial customer classes.27 The natural gas emission factor is based on the heat content of the fuel and the fuel’s CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions. The heat content of fuel and the emissions from CO2, CH4, and N2O were based on CARB’s statewide inventory.28 To estimate emissions from the combustion of natural gas, end-use activity was multiplied by the emission factor. The total natural gas end-use and corresponding GHG emissions from the natural gas category for 2016 are given in Table 7. 22 FERC: Form 1 – Electric Utility Annual Report: Report Year 2018, updated July 9, 2019, and accessed September 18, 2019. 23 CEC: Power Source Disclosure Program under Senate Bill 1305. The SDG&E 2016 power source disclosure report was provided by CEC staff to EPIC. 24 U.S. EPA. eGRID 2016 Edition, released February 15, 2018, accessed June 29, 2018. 25 CPUC: Decision 14-12-037, December 18, 2014 in Rulemaking 11-03-012 (filed March 24, 2011). The recommended emission factor is 0.379 MT CO2e/MWh (836 lbs CO2e/MWh). The recommended emission factor has not changed since 2014. All electric service suppliers must meet the Renewables Portfolio Standards in the target years. 26 ICLEI– Local Governments for Sustainability USA: U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Version 1.2 (2019), Appendix C: Built Environment Emission Activities and Sources. 27 2016 metered natural gas sales were provided to EPIC by SDG&E (February 28, 2018). 28 CARB: GHG Current California Emission Inventory Data. 2000–2021 GHG Inventory (2023 Edition). Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 118 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 9 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 7 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Natural Gas Year Natural Gas End-Use (Million therms) Natural Gas Emission Factor (MT CO2e/therms) GHG Emissions (MT CO2e) 2016 24.3 0.00545 133,000 GHG emissions for each category are rounded to the nearest thousand. Values are not rounded in the intermediary steps in the calculation. SDG&E 2020, Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 3.2.4 Solid Waste Emissions from the decomposition of organic material in waste disposed at landfills were estimated by multiplying the amount of waste disposed by the city in 2016 and an emission factor for mixed solid waste. This uses method Solid Waste (SW.4) from the U.S. Community Protocol29 and represents immediate and future emissions from decay of this waste. Solid waste disposal is the waste disposed by the city in landfills, regardless of whether the landfills accepting the waste are located inside or outside of the city boundary. The emission factor of mixed solid waste depends on the percentage of each waste type within the waste stream disposed in a landfill. The closest city to Carlsbad with a recent waste characterization study is the Oceanside; therefore, this study was used as a substitute for Carlsbad to determine the emission factor based on the percentage of each waste type within mixed solid waste.30 Only the CH4 emissions from waste degradation are considered non-biogenic and included in this category. Conversely, the CO2 emissions from waste degradation are considered biogenic and not included in this category. The EPA Waste Reduction Model (WARM) is used to determine the emission factor of each waste type. WARM is a life-cycle GHG model to assess and compare waste management options (e.g., landfilling, recycling, source reduction, composting), through the life-cycle of waste materials (from material extraction to disposal). However, under the U.S Community Protocol, only emissions from the disposal and associated degradation of waste are included. Therefore, only the landfill emission factors in WARM are used in the calculation. WARM reports the landfill CH4 emission factor of each waste material in MT CO2e/short ton, both with and without Landfill Gas (LFG) recovery. The mixed solid waste emission factor is given in Table 8. The landfill emission factors without LFG recovery are identified in Table 8 and the LFG recovery is applied later in this Appendix. Table 8 Mixed Solid Waste Emission Factor Waste Component Waste Distribution1 (%) Landfill Gas Emissions CH4 without LFG Recovery (MT CO2e/short ton) Source2 Organics 57.2% - - 29 ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability USA: U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Version 1.2 (2019), Appendix E: Solid Waste Emission Activities and Sources. 30 City of Oceanside 2017 Organic Management Detailed waste characterization study results were provided by Carlsbad city staff. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 119 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 10 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Waste Component Waste Distribution1 (%) Landfill Gas Emissions CH4 without LFG Recovery (MT CO2e/short ton) Source2 Food 22.8% 1.57 Exhibit 1-49, WARM V14 Organic Materials Other Misc. Paper- Compostable 0.4% 2.24 Average of paper components Remainder/Composite Paper – Compostable 10.8% 2.24 Average of paper components Leaves and Grass 3.1% 0.55 Average of grass and leaves, Exhibit 2-11 WARM V14 Organic Materials Pruning and Trimmings 2.1% 0.59 Exhibit 2-11 WARM V14 Organic Materials Branches and Stumps 0.8% 0.77 Exhibit 2-11 WARM V14 Organic Materials Manures 0.1% n/a n/a Textiles 3.9% n/a n/a Carpet 1.0% n/a Exhibit 3-26, WARM V14 Construction and Demolition Materials, no landfill CH4 Clean Dimensional Lumber 1.0% 0.15 Exhibit 11-19, WARM V14 Construction and Demolition Materials Clean Engineered Wood 0.6% 0.16 Wood flooring, Exhibit 10-13, WARM V14 Construction and Demolition Materials Clean Pallets & Crates 1.7% 0.05 Wood product, Exhibit 11-19, WARM V14 Construction and Demolition Materials Other Wood Waste 2.3% 0.05 Wood product, Exhibit 11-19, WARM V14 Construction and Demolition Materials Remainder/Composite Organic 6.6% 0.84 Average of all organic material Paper 13.0% - - Uncoated Corrugated Cardboard 2.3% 2.36 Exhibit 3-27, WARM v14 Containers /Packaging Paper Bags 0.3% 2.36 Assume the same as cardboard, Exhibit 3-27, WARM v14 Containers /Packaging Newspapers 2.1% 0.95 Exhibit 3-27, WARM v14 Containers /Packaging White Ledger Paper 0.8% 3.50 Exhibit 3-27, WARM v14 Containers /Packaging Other Office Paper 1.0% 3.50 Exhibit 3-27, WARM v14 Containers /Packaging Magazine and Catalogs 0.7% 1.08 Exhibit 3-27, WARM v14 containers /packaging Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 120 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 11 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Waste Component Waste Distribution1 (%) Landfill Gas Emissions CH4 without LFG Recovery (MT CO2e/short ton) Source2 Phone Books and Directories 0.0% 2.14 Exhibit 3-27, WARM v14 containers /packaging Other Misc. Paper – Other 3.7% 2.14 Exhibit 3-27, WARM v14 containers /packaging Remainder/Composite Paper 2.1% 2.14 Exhibit 3-27, WARM v14 containers /packaging Glass 2.8% - - Metal 3.5% - - Electronics 0.9% - - Plastic 13.9% - - Inerts and Other Material 3.1% - - Household Hazardous Waste 0.5% - - Special Waste 3.7% - - Mixed Residue 1.3% - - Mixed Waste Emission Factor 0.98 Source: 1 City of Oceanside Waste Characterization Study (2017), 2 EPA Waste Reduction Model (WARM) Version 14 The mixed waste emission factor given in Table 8 is the emission factor without LFG. The U.S. Community Protocol’s 75% default capture rate of CH4 emissions from landfills is applied in the emissions calculation. The total solid waste disposal and the corresponding GHG emissions for 2016 are given in Table 9. Table 9 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Solid Waste Year Solid Waste Disposed GHG Emission Factor (MT CO2e/short ton) Oxidation Rate Total GHG Emissions (MT CO2e) Default CH4 Capture Rate Remaining Emissions (MT CO2e) Citywide (short tons/year) Citywide (MT/year) 2016 158,252 143,563 0.98 10% 139,617 75% 35,000 GHG emissions for each category are rounded. Values are not rounded in the intermediary steps in the calculation. The oxidation rate is the default amount of CH4 that is oxidized and not emitted; therefore, only 90% of total CH4 emissions are produced. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 3.2.5 Off-Road Transportation Emissions from off-road vehicles and equipment, are from the diesel and gasoline fuel combustion in internal combustion engines. CARB’s OFFROAD2021, an online emissions inventory database for off-road equipment and vehicles, generates off-road vehicles emissions by region, vehicle category, equipment type, horsepower (HP), Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 121 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 12 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego and fuel type.31 OFFROAD2021 integrates data from several updated off-road models, such as SORE 2020 which generates emissions for off-road vehicles with engines less than or equal to 25 HP, and RV 2018 which generates emissions for recreational vehicles. Due to the lack of jurisdiction-specific data from these models, the emissions or fuel consumption from the CARB model outputs for the San Diego region were scaled to Carlsbad based on sub-category- specific scaling factors. The off-road activity sub-categories and the respective scaling factors are given in Table 10.32 This does not include all sub-categories identified in CARB’s off-road models, only those that are relevant to Carlsbad.33 Table 10 Off-Road Transportation Sub-Categories Sub-Category Common Equipment Type Scaling Factor Lawn and Garden Equipment Lawn mowers, trimmers, brush cutters, chainsaws, leaf blowers/ vacuums Population Light Commercial Equipment Generator set, pumps, welders Commercial Jobs Construction and Mining Excavators, off-highway tractors, loaders, paving equipment Construction Jobs Industrial Aerial lifts, forklifts, sweepers/scrubbers Industrial Jobs Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 The ratio and corresponding GHG emissions from the off-road transportation category for 2016 are given in Table 11.34 31 CARB: Updates to CARB’s Online Emissions Inventory Database for Off-Road Equipment and Vehicles. October 19, 2021. The previous comprehensive CARB off-road equipment and vehicle model was OFFROAD2007, released in 2007. After the release of OFFROAD2007, CARB developed category specific methods and inventory models for specific regulatory support, which replaced the results of specific vehicle categories in OFFROAD2007. 32 The sub-categories listed in this table are not the comprehensive off-road mobile sources listed in CARB, as some of the sub- categories are not relevant to Carlsbad, such as airport ground support, pleasure craft, commercial marine vessels, etc. 33 Carlsbad: Climate Action Plan (Adopted September 2015, amended May 2020). Section 2 Emissions Inventory. 34 CARB: Updates to CARB’s Online Emissions Inventory Database for Off-Road Equipment and Vehicles. October 19, 2021. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 122 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 13 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 11 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Off-Road Transportation Year Sub-Category Scaling Factor GHG Emissions (MT CO2e) 2016 Lawn and Garden Equipment 3% 1,615 Light Commercial Equipment 5% 3,061 Construction and Mining 10% 17,694 Industrial 10% 8,571 Total 31,000 Not all off-road transportation emissions are included, only selected sub-categories are included. Total GHG emissions are rounded to the nearest thousands. Values are not rounded in the intermediary steps in the calculation. CARB 2021, SANDAG 2021, Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 3.2.6 Water Emissions from water use in a jurisdiction result from the energy required to move water from origin sources to end-use customers, including upstream supply and conveyance, water treatment, and water distribution, as circled in Figure 3. The energy required to move water is primarily electricity but may include natural gas or other fuels. Figure 3 Example of Water Cycle Emissions from water were estimated using the method Wastewater and Water (WW.14) from the U.S. Community Protocol.35 Emissions associated with water end-use, such as water heating and cooling, are included in the electricity and natural gas category and not in the water category, as data are not available to separate out those values. The Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD) is a San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA) member agency that provides both potable and recycled water service within Carlsbad. CMWD services the 35 ICLEI – Local Governments for Sustainability USA: U.S. Community Protocol for Accounting and Reporting of Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Version 1.2 (2019), Appendix F: Wastewater and Water Emission Activities and Sources. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 123 of 637 Conveyance Wastewater Discharge Water Treatment Recycled Water Treatment Wastewater Treatment California Energy Commission, 2005 Wastewater Collection End-use Commercial Industrial City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 14 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego majority of the city’s potable water service area, covering77% of the city’s population.36 The remaining portion of the city is served by Olivenhain Municipal Water District (OMWD) and Vallecitos Water District (VWD).37 100% of the city’s potable water supply is imported water from SDCWA.38 The potable water supplied within CMWD service area and within the entire city is given in Table 12.39 Table 12 CMWD and Total Water Supplied Year Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD) Potable Water Supplied (acre-feet) Total Potable Water Supplied (acre-feet) 2016 13,638 17,734 CMWD services the majority of the city’s potable water, covering 77% of the city population. City of Carlsbad 2018, Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 The energy used to produce and distribute water from each source is different due to the different raw source types and locations. The energy intensity of water, or the energy needed to move one unit of water through each segment of the water-use cycle (water supply and conveyance, water treatment, and water distribution), is expressed in kWh per acre foot (kWh/Acre-foot) and is described below. Upstream Supply and Conveyance – This is defined as supply and conveyance of water from the raw source to the local service area. The upstream supply and conveyance energy use for SDCWA untreated water consists of conveyance of water from the State Water Project and the Colorado River through Metropolitan Water District (MWD)’s and SDCWA’s service areas. The upstream supply and conveyance energy use for SDCWA treated water consists of with the energy use of SDCWA’s untreated water and the water treatment energy use before the water is delivered to Carlsbad’s service area. The water may be treated at MWD’s or SDCWA’s water treatment plants (WTPs).40 The city does not have operational control over the upstream supply and conveyance. Water suppliers have begun to voluntarily report the energy intensity in their service areas in Urban Water Management Plans (UWMPs). The energy intensities reported in SDCWA’s and MWD’s 2015 UWMPs are used to calculate the upstream supply energy intensity for SDCWA’s member agencies. The energy intensity is based on the average of fiscal years 2013 and 2014 and is shown in Table 13. 36 Carlsbad Municipal Water District: 2015 Urban Water Management Plan (June 2016). Section 3.1.3 Population and Demographics. 37 City of Carlsbad. Water District Map. 38 CMWD and VWD import 100% treated water from SDCWA. OMWD imports both treated and untreated water from SDCWA. The untreated water is treated at OMWD’s David C. McCollom Water Treatment Plant. 39 Potable water supplied within the CMWD service area (2012-2016) were provided by city staff (January 2018). Population served by CMWD and population within entire city (2010-2016) were provided by SANDAG (April 2017). Potable water supplied within entire city was calculated based on the population ratio between CMWD service area and the city (77%). 40 SDCWA 2016: Urban Water Management Plan 2015, Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, Urban Water Management Plan 2015. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 124 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 15 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 13 Average Upstream Energy Intensity for SDCWA Member Agencies Water System Segment FY 2013 and 2014 Average Energy Intensity (kWh/acre-Foot) Data Source MWD delivered untreated* 1,817 MWD UWMP 2015 Appendix 9 SDCWA conveyance** -62 SDCWA UWMP 2015 Appendix K SDCWA treatment 60 SDCWA UWMP 2015 Appendix K SDCWA distribution*** 1.1 SDCWA UWMP 2015 Appendix K SDCWA Treated Total 1,816 MWD – Metropolitan Water District, SDCWA – San Diego County Water Authority, UWMP – Urban Water Management Plan, WTP – Water Treatment Plant. *Includes conveyance from the State Water Project & Colorado River to MWD’s distribution system, as well as distribution from MWD to MWD’s member agencies. **Conveyance of raw water supplied to the water treatment plants or to member agency connections (negative value represents hydro-electric generation by SDCWA). *** Distribution of treated water from SDCWA’s Twin Oaks WTP to SDCWA’s member agencies. “Upstream” refers to moving water from the original source to SDCWA’s member agency’s service area or first connection point MWD 2016, SDCWA 2016, Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2018 Local Potable Water Treatment –This is the energy used for WTP operations. CMWD imports treated water directly and does not own a WTP. Therefore, there is no energy used for local potable water treatment. Local Potable Water Distribution – This is defined as the energy required to move treated water from WTPs to end-use customers. This includes energy use for water pump stations, pressure reduction stations, water tanks, etc. The local potable water distribution energy intensity is 15 kWh/acre-foot.41 In addition to providing potable water, CMWD delivers recycled water within the entire city.42 The recycled water delivered by CMWD is from three sources: (1) the Carlsbad Water Recycling Facility (WRF), (2) the Meadowlark WRF, and (3) the Gafner WRF. The Meadowlark WRF is owned by VWD, and the Gafner WRF is owned by Leucadia Wastewater District (LWWD); both agencies sell the recycled water to CMWD for distribution.43 CMWD has operational control over the Carlsbad WRF and recycled water distribution. The recycled water treatment and distribution energy intensity is 299 kWh/acre- foot.44 Recycled water is supplied to golf courses, parks, industrial areas, homeowner association common areas, and more. The total potable and recycled water supplied and the corresponding GHG emissions from the water category in 2016 are given Table 14. 41 The distribution energy intensity for CMWD service area in 2015 (the latest year with data available) was provided by city staff (January 2018) and used as a proxy for 2016. 42 CMWD delivers recycled water within its service area and also adjacent agency service areas. CMWD is the only recycled water provider within the city. The recycled water distribution area is less than half of the city. 43 CMWD: 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (June 2021). Section 6.7.2 Wastewater Treatment and Collection Facilities. 44 CMWD: 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (June 2021). Section 5.10 Energy Intensity of Supply. The recycled water treatment energy intensity is 296 kWh/acre-foot (895,619 kWh for 3,029 acre-feet recycled water); and the recycled water distribution energy intensity is 3 kWh/acre-foot (11,159 kWh for 3,764 acre-feet recycled water). The energy intensity is based on CMWD’s January-December 2020 data, and is used as a proxy for 2016 and beyond. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 125 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 16 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 14 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from the Water Year Potable Water Supplied (acre-feet) Recycled Water Supplied (acre-feet) GHG Emissions (MT CO2e) 2016 17,734 4,057 8,000 GHG emissions for each category are rounded to the nearest thousands. Values are not rounded in the intermediary steps in the calculation. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 3.2.7 Wastewater The emissions from wastewater were estimated based on the total amount of wastewater generated in a given year and the emission factor of the wastewater treatment processes. Wastewater in Carlsbad is collected and delivered to the Encina Wastewater Authority (EWA) for treatment at the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility (Encina WPCF). The wastewater treatment GHG emissions and total wastewater flow for the Encina WPCF were provided by EWA. In 2013, the Encina WPCF treated an average of 22.8 million gallons per day (MGD) with annual GHG emissions of 11,359 MT CO2e. This resulted in an emission factor of 1.37 MT CO2e/million gallons treated, which consists of emissions from: (1) stationary combustion of anaerobic digester gas; (2) process emissions from wastewater treatment with nitrification and denitrification; and (3) direct anaerobic digester gas. The wastewater emission factor derived from the Encina WPCF was applied to all wastewater flow in the city. As similar data were not available for the other years, the 2013 emission factor was used as an estimate for 2016. The total wastewater flow, the wastewater emission factor, and corresponding GHG emissions are given in Table 15. Table 15 Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Wastewater Year Total Wastewater Generated (million gallons/year) Wastewater Emission Factor (MT CO2e/ million gallon) GHG Emissions (MT CO2e) 2016 2,170 1.37 3,000 GHG emissions for each category are rounded to the nearest thousand. Values are not rounded in the intermediary steps in the calculation. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 4 BUSINESS-AS-USUAL EMISSIONS PROJECTION To inform the development of GHG reduction strategies within the CAP Update, GHG emissions are projected using the 2016 baseline year GHG inventory, as well as estimates for population, housing, and job growth. This is used to develop a “business-as-usual” (BAU) projection, which demonstrates emissions growth in the absence of any new policies and programs. Next, future emissions reductions expected from applicable federal and State policies and programs are applied, creating a legislatively- adjusted BAU. Figure 4 provides an illustrative example of the difference between a BAU and a legislatively-adjusted BAU. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 126 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 17 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Figure 4 Example of Business-As-Usual and Legislatively-Adjusted Business-As-Usual Emissions Projections The total BAU projected emissions are presented in Table 16 and Figure 5. Table 16 Business-As-Usual Emissions Projections Emissions Category Projected GHG Emissions (MT CO2e) 2035 2045 On-Road Transportation 468,000 482,000 Electricity 263,000 274,000 Natural Gas 162,000 166,000 Off-Road Transportation 45,000 47,000 Solid Waste 40,000 40,000 Water 11,000 11,000 Wastewater 4,000 4,000 Total 993,000 1,024,000 Sum may not add up to totals due to rounding. Projected GHG emissions for each category are rounded. Values are not rounded in the intermediary steps in the calculation. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 127 of 637 Projected GHG Emissions (MT C02e) BAU GHG Emissions Projection _ _ _ _ 1. -,.,. ...... -----GHG Emissions Projections after Federal and State Policies --------------Legislatively-adjusted BAU Energy Policy Initiatives Center, 2018 Year City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 18 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Figure 5 Greenhouse Gas Inventory and Business-As-Usual Emissions Projections The methods used to project activity level and emission factors for each emissions category are described in Table 17 below. Table 17 Method to Project Business-as-usual Emissions Emissions Category Activity Method to Project Activity Level Emission Factor Method to Project Emission Factor On-Road Transportation VMT Through 2035: Projection under HEU 2035-2045: Service population increase Average vehicle emission factor All new vehicles have the same emission rate as new vehicles in baseline year Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 128 of 637 1,200,000 1,000,000 ¾ 0 u 800,000 'o "' C 2 u ·5 ~ 600,000 "' C 0 ·.;; "' .E Lu 400,000 ('.) I ('.) 200,000 GHG Inventories 2016 2018 Business-as-usual GHG Projections ■ Wastewater ■ Water ■ ■ ■ Off-Road Transportation ■ Solid Waste ■ Natural Gas Electricity ■ On-Road Transportation 2035 2045 Business-as-usual GHG emissions projection with population,jobs, and housing units growth in Carlsbad, not including future impacts of adopted federal, state, or regional policies. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 19 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Emissions Category Activity Method to Project Activity Level Emission Factor Method to Project Emission Factor Electricity Net energy for load Residential: Population increase Non-Residential: Jobs increase City-specific emission factor Fixed at the latest year with data available (2020) Natural Gas Natural gas end- use Residential: Population increase Non-Residential: Jobs increase Natural gas emission factor 0.00545 MT CO2e/ therms Solid Waste Waste disposal Population Increase Mixed waste emission factor 0.98 MT CO2e/short ton Off-Road Transportation All adopted rules included in the CARB OFFROAD2021 Model Water Potable and recycled water supply Potable water: Population increase Recycled water: Fixed at the latest year with data available (2020) Energy intensity and electricity emission factor Fixed at the latest year with data available (2020) Wastewater Wastewater generation Population increase Wastewater emission factor 0.37 MT CO2e/ million gallon Method to project business-as-usual emissions only Population, jobs, and service population are provided in Table 2 Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 5 2035 AND 2045 REDUCTION TARGETS Table 18 shows the BAU emissions projections and the 2035 and 2045 reduction targets. Table 18 Emissions Projections, Reduction Targets, and Emissions Reductions Needed Year Business-as-usual Projection* (MT CO2e) Target Emissions Level (% below baseline) Target Emissions Level (MT CO2e) 2016 981,000 - - 2035 993,000 50% 490,000 2045 1,024,000 85% 147,000 Emissions projections and targets are rounded. *BAU projection without impact of federal, State, regional, and local CAP Update strategies. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023. A comparison of the 2016 and 2018 GHG inventory, BAU projection, and the 2035 and 2045 reduction targets is provided in below Figure 6. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 129 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 20 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Figure 6 Business-As-Usual Projections and Reduction Targets 6 SUMMARY OF EMISSIONS REDUCTION ESTIMATES This section summarizes the GHG emissions reductions identified for each strategy and measure included in the CAP Update. Table 19 below presents a summary of emissions reductions from each strategy including the reductions from federal and State regulations. Table 19 2035 and 2045 GHG Emissions Reductions by Strategy Strategy Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 2035 2045 Transportation 6,000 10,000 Energy 52,000 65,000 Water and Wastewater 2,000 2,000 Waste Diversion 32,000 37,000 Off-Road Equipment 5,000 15,000 Carbon Sequestration 8,000 12,000 Federal and State Regulations 525,000 742,000 Total Reduction* 630,000 883,000 *Total emissions reduction values in 2035 and 2045 are rounded. The total includes values from federal, State, regional, and local CAP Update strategies. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2024 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 130 of 637 1,200,000 1,000,000 ~ 800,000 8 I-~ "' C: 0 ·.;; "' .E UJ 600,000 ~ 400,000 (!) 200,000 0 • • 2035 Reduction Target: 50% below 2016 Level • • 2045 Reduction Target: 85% below 2016 Level --BAU Projection • Reduction Targets • 2016 and 2018 GHG Inventory Business-as-usual (BAU} projection represents the projected emissions associated with the population and jobs growth in Carlsbad, in the absence of any new policies and programs. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 21 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Each strategy has several measures. Table 20 presents a detailed summary of the emissions reductions from each CAP Update measure, including each federal and State action. Table 20 2035 and 2045 GHG Emissions Reductions by Measure Strategy Measure Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 2035 2045 Transportation T-1 Traffic Calming & Optimization 1,334 746 T-2 Transportation Demand Management Ordinance 3,254 8,630 T-3 Safe Routes to School 70 39 T-4 Bikeway System Improvements 566 324 T-5 Pedestrian System Improvements 55 31 T-6 Local Transportation Improvements Not quantified T-7 Municipal Transportation Demand Management 92 51 T-8 Increase Public Zero Emission Vehicle Infrastructure Supporting California’s Advanced Clean Car II Regulation T-9 Zero Emission City Fleet 1,059 592 T-10 Parking Management Strategies Not Quantified Energy E-1 Renewable Energy at Municipal Facilities 751 1,306 E-2 Community Choice Energy 17,110 - E-3.1 Nonresidential Building Energy - Existing Reach Code 770 1,296 E-3.2 Nonresidential Building Energy - Updated Reach Code 2,773 5,796 E-3.3 Nonresidential Building Energy - Solar Carports Not quantified E-4.1 Residential Building Energy - Existing Reach Code 3,212 3,710 E-4.2: Residential Building Energy - Updated Reach Code 1,196 1,488 E-5 Building Energy Benchmarking 4,308 7,358 E-6 Decarbonize Existing Buildings 22,356 44,305 Water and Wastewater W-1 Wastewater System Improvements 59 - W-2 Water System Improvements 1,516 1,583 Waste Diversion WD-1 Solid Waste and Organic Waste Diversion 31,776 37,040 Off-Road Equipment OR-1 Convert Gas-Powered Leaf Blowers 396 386 OR-2 Increase Renewable or Alternative Fuel in Construction Equipment 4,698 15,081 Carbon Sequestration CS-1 Community Forest Management 7,519 11,966 Federal and State Regulations Federal and California Vehicle Efficiency Standards 186,134 320,795 California Energy Efficiency Programs 6,385 4,998 Renewables Portfolio Standard 267,309 319,919 California Solar Policy, Programs and Mandates 64,878 95,985 Total from Federal and State Regulations 524,707 741,697 Total from CAP Update Measures 104,871 141,728 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 131 of 637 I I I City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 22 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Strategy Measure Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 2035 2045 Total Reduction* 630,000 883,000 *Total emissions reductions values in 2035 and 2045 are rounded. The total includes reductions from federal, State, and CAP Update measures. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2024 Figure 7 provides a visualization of the emissions trends through 2045. Figure 7 Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trend (2021–2045) In Figure 7, the colored wedges represent the reduction from each CAP Update strategy and from federal and State actions. Each wedge represents the cumulative GHG reduction from through 2045. The grey area beneath the colored wedges represents the remaining emissions after all the actions have taken place. 7 METHODS TO ESTIMATE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS REDUCTIONS The following sub-sections describe the methods to estimate GHG emissions reductions: • Section 7.1 through Section 7.3 discuss a set of common assumptions and sources used to calculate emissions reductions in energy and on-road transportation categories; • Section 7.4 describes the emissions reductions from federal and State actions; and • Section 7.5 describes the emissions reductions from the CAP Update measures. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 132 of 637 w 0 u ~ C: 0 f-u E i 1,200,000 1,000,000 800,000 600,000 400,000 200,000 The Impact of the Advanced Clean cars II (ACCII) Regulation (2022) included here is based only on the projected zero emission vehicle and plug-in hybrid electric vehicle percentage of new light-duty car and light-duty truck sales (model year 2026-2050) and annual fleet turnvoer. The ACC II Regulation also impacts remaining vehicles with more stringent exhaust standards, which are not estimated. DRAFT as of March 2024 Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2024 85% below 2016 Level ■ Federal and California Vehicle Efficiency Standards Adopted through 2020 ■Advanced Clean Car II (ZEV Regulation) ■California Renewable and Energy Efficiency Program ■ CAP Category: Transportation ■ CAP Category: Energy ■CAP Category: Water and Wastewater CAP Category: Waste Diversion ■ CAP Category: Off-Road Equipment ■CAP Category: Carbon Sequestration Rema ining Emissions • Reduction Targets City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 23 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego 7.1 Common Assumptions and Methods for Calculating Electricity Emissions Reductions The following overall assumptions and methods are used in the calculation of emissions reductions related to electricity, including those from federal and State actions as well as CAP Update measures. 7.1.1 GHG Emission Factor for Electricity The electricity emission factors in Carlsbad (i.e., citywide electricity emission factors) are the weighted average emission factors of gross generation from four sources of supply: 1) SDG&E; 2) the electric retail suppliers for SDG&E’s DA customers; 3) Clean Energy Alliance (CEA), a Community Choice Energy program launched in 2021; and 4) behind-the-meter photovoltaic (PV) systems. The citywide electricity emission factors are different from the emission factors used in the GHG inventory because the electricity generated from behind-the-meter PV systems are assumed to be zero emissions and not accounted for in the GHG inventory. However, all sources are considered to estimate the effects of State actions and CAP Update measures that increase the grid-supply of renewable and zero-carbon electricity. Considering behind-the-meter PV as a source that contributes to the citywide electricity emission factor reflects the effects of energy efficiency programs that may reduce behind-the-meter electricity use, or the effects from additional electric vehicle (EV) charging load, which may come from behind-the-meter electricity sources and not just from grid supply. The citywide electricity emission factor is calculated based on the percentage of renewable content in and the percentage of gross generation from each supply source as described below. This method is applied to 2020 onward when the projection from electricity category starts. As the percentage of renewable and zero-carbon supply in the mix increases, the citywide electricity emission factor decreases. 7.1.1.1 Supply from San Diego Gas & Electric As of 2020, SDG&E’s bundled power mix is 31% renewable.45 It is assumed SDG&E will meet the 45% renewable by 2024, 60% renewable by 2030, 90% renewable and zero-carbon by 2035, and 100% renewable and zero-carbon by 2045 as required by the Renewables Portfolio Standard (RPS) under SB 100 (de León) and SB 1020 (Laird).46 Estimates in this Appendix assume that 100% renewable and zero- carbon means supplying every hour of the year with renewable and carbon-free electricity resources. The legislative mandates are discussed in detail in Section 7.4.1. 7.1.1.2 Supply from Electric Retail Suppliers of San Diego Gas & Electric Direct Access Customers Like SDG&E, electric retail suppliers of SDG&E DA customers are required to meet RPS targets. 7.1.1.3 Supply from Clean Energy Alliance CEA, the Community Choice Energy program launched in 2021, has exceeded its renewable and zero- carbon electricity supply beyond the current RPS mandates. This is discussed in detail in Section 7.5.2.2. Because all of California’s retail electricity suppliers need to meet the RPS requirement, a portion of the emissions reduction from RPS compliance is credited to State actions. The remaining portion of reductions is attributed to CAP Update Measure E-2. 45 SDG&E: 2020 Power Content Label. 46 SB 100 (de León) California Renewables Portfolio Standard Program: emissions of greenhouse gases (2017–2018). The interim RPS targets are 44% by 2024 and 52% by 2027 from eligible renewable energy resources. SB 1020 (Laird) Clean Energy, Jobs, and Affordability Act of 2022 (2021-2022). Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 133 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 24 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego 7.1.1.4 Supply from Behind-the-Meter Photovoltaic Systems Electricity generation from behind-the-meter PV systems, including residential and non-residential PV, is considered part of the overall electricity supply. Electricity generation from PV is considered 100% zero- carbon (i.e., GHG-free). The State’s solar policies, programs, and mandates are discussed in Section 7.4.1.1. 7.1.1.5 Citywide Electricity Emission Factors The citywide electricity emission factor is based on the percentage of gross generation from each supply, as well as the percentage of renewable and zero-carbon content in each supply. Table 21 shows the contribution from each supply to gross generation, its renewable and zero-carbon content, and the overall citywide electricity emission factors for 2020, 2035, and 2045. Table 21 Carlsbad Citywide Electricity Emission Factors Year 2020 2035 2045 Clean Energy Alliance % of Gross Generation Supplied -* 49% 46% Renewable and Zero-Carbon Content in Supply -* 100% 100% Other Electric Retail Suppliers % of Gross Generation Supplied 6% 5% 5% Renewable and Zero-Carbon Content in Supply 33% 90% 100% SDG&E % of Gross Generation Supplied 84% 27% 26% Renewable and Zero-Carbon Content in Supply 31% 90% 100% Behind-the-meter PV % of Gross Generation Supplied 10% 18% 24% Renewable and Zero-Carbon Content in Supply 100% 100% 100% Citywide Renewable and Zero-Carbon Content in Supply 37% 97% 100% Electricity Emission Factor (lbs CO2e/MWh) 576 30 - *Clean Energy Alliance was launched in 2021. The overall citywide emission factors here are different from the emission factors used in the GHG inventories. The emission factors used in GHG inventories do not include behind-the-meter supplies. 2020 is the latest year with utility data available. 2035 and 2045 data are projections based on CAP Update assumptions, current status, and future impact of State policies and programs. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 In 2020, SDG&E and other electric retail suppliers supplied 90% of the projected gross generation, and behind-the-meter PV systems supplied the remainder. In 2035, the projected electricity supply from behind-the-meter PV systems is estimated to be 18% of gross generation. To comply with the mandated renewable and zero-carbon targets for 2035, the renewable content in electricity from both SDG&E and other electric retail suppliers will increase to 90%. This Appendix assumes the renewable and zero- carbon supply is fixed at the RPS mandate level to avoid overestimating the emissions reductions from these supplies. Based on the target for CAP Measure E-2, it is assumed CEA will have 100% renewable and zero-carbon sources by 2035. Based on these supply contributions, the citywide annual weighted electricity emission factor in 2035 is projected to be 30 lbs CO2e/MWh (97% renewable and zero- carbon)) and zero lbs CO2e/MWh in 2045 (100% renewable and zero-carbon). The citywide electricity emission factors are used to calculate the emissions reductions from electricity savings, as well as State actions and CAP Update measures that increase renewable supply. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 134 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 25 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego 7.1.2 GHG Emissions Reductions from Actions that Increase Renewables in Electricity The projected citywide electricity emission factor is used to estimate the GHG emissions reductions from any actions that increase the overall renewable and zero-carbon supply. The total reduction from State and local CAP Update measures that increase renewable supply is given in Table 22, calculated using the projected gross generation in target years and the difference in the 2035 and 2045 citywide emissions and BAU emission factors. Table 22 GHG Emissions Reductions from Actions Increasing Renewable and Zero-Carbon Supply Year Gross Generation (GWh) BAU Projections Projections with State and Local CAP Update Actions in Increasing Renewable and Zero-Carbon Supply GHG Emissions Reductions from Increased Renewable and Zero-Carbon Supply (MT CO2e) BAU Electricity Emission Factor (lbs CO2e/MWh) BAU Emissions from Electricity (MT CO2e) Projected Electricity Emission Factor (lbs CO2e/MWh) Projected Emissions from Electricity (MT CO2e) 2035 1,381 576 361,126 30 18,724 342,401 2045 1,558 576 407,283 - - 407,283 The projections with increasing renewable and zero-carbon supply are based on CAP Update assumptions and State policies and programs, including the additional electric load from electric vehicles due to California’s Advanced Clean Cars II regulations. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 The BAU emission factor for 2020 (Table 21) is kept constant through the year 2045. The total emissions reductions from increasing renewable supply, as calculated above (Table 22), is attributed to each supply based on its renewable and zero-carbon content compared to the total renewable and zero- carbon content. This is shown in Table 23. Table 23 GHG Emissions Reductions by Supply Year Electricity Supply Total CEA Other Electric Retail Suppliers SDG&E Behind-the- meter PV 2035 % of Gross Generation Supplied by Renewables Sources 97% 49% 5% 25% 18% Emissions Reduction from Increased Renewables Supply (MT CO2e) 342,401 174,256 16,351 86,916 64,878 2045 % of Gross Generation Supplied by Renewables Sources 100% 46% 5% 26% 24% Emissions Reduction from Increased Renewables Supply (MT CO2e) 407,283 186,238 19,818 105,243 95,985 CEA: Clean Energy Alliance 2035 and 2045 data are the projections based on CAP Update assumptions and the future impact of State policies and programs. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 7.2 Common Assumptions and Methods for Calculating Natural Gas Emissions Reductions As described in Section 3.2.3, the default natural gas emission factor of 0.00545 MT CO2e per therm is used for all years to estimate the emissions reductions for the CAP Update measures that reduce natural gas use. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 135 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 26 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego 7.3 Common Assumptions and Methods for Calculating On-Road Transportation Emissions Reductions The following assumptions and methods are used to calculate emissions reductions for strategies related to on-road transportation, including federal and State actions and local CAP Update measures. 7.3.1 GHG Emission Factor for On-Road Transportation The GHG emission factor for on-road transportation is used in several ways throughout the Appendix: (1) to estimate the effect of federal and State actions that increase the vehicle fuel efficiency standard and increase zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs); and (2) the impact of VMT reduction. 7.3.1.1 Impact of Federal and State Actions on Average Vehicle Emission Rates The latest CARB EMFAC2021 model includes the effects of federal and State regulations related to tailpipe GHG emissions reductions that were adopted by the end of 2020.47 In August 2022, CARB adopted the Advanced Clean Cars II (ACCII) regulations that established standards for new post-2026 model year light-duty vehicles. ACCII amended: (1) the low-emission vehicle (LEV) regulations to strengthen standards for light-duty vehicles and trucks to reduce smog-forming emissions; and (2) the ZEV regulations to require an increasing number of ZEVs to meet air quality and climate change emissions standards.48 The ZEV amendments support Governor Newsom’s Executive Order N-79-20 that requires all new passenger vehicles sold in California to be ZEVs by 2035.49 Starting in 2026, ACCII has a significant impact on the percentage of new ZEVs and plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs). However, EMFAC2021 default outputs do not include the effect of ACCII. The pending update of the EMFAC model, EMFAC202Y, will include the impact of ACCII and other light-duty and heavy-duty vehicle regulations passed after the adoption of EMFAC2021.50 Figure 8 shows the differences in projected ZEV and PHEV sales as required by ACCII and in EMFAC2021. 47 CARB: EMFAC2021 Volume III Technical Document, Version 1.0.1 (April 2021). Section 1.3.5 Regulations and Policies includes a list of polices and regulations covered in EMFAC2021. 48 CARB: Advanced Clean Cars II. 49 Id. 50 CARB Presentation EMFAC202Y: An Update to California on-road Mobile Source Emissions Inventory (October 12, 2022). Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 136 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 27 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Figure 8 ACCII ZEV and PHEV Sales (Adapted from CARB October 2022 Public Workshop for the EMFAC202Y Model, Presentation Slide 28) To estimate the impact of ACC off-model, the ACCII ZEV and PHEV sales in Figure 8 are applied to new light-duty cars trucks starting in model year 2026. For example, 45% of new light-duty cars in model and calendar year 2026 will be ZEVs and PHEVs, with the remaining light-duty cars split between gasoline and diesel51. Starting with model year 2035, new light-duty vehicles (both cars and trucks) will be 100% ZEVs or PHEVs. The average vehicle emission rates (g CO2e/mile) are calculated based on the distribution of VMT in each vehicle class with ACCII adjustment for light-duty vehicles, as well as the emission rate of each vehicle class. The average vehicle emission rates (Table 24) are used to estimate the GHG emissions reduction impact of federal and State policies that increase vehicle efficiency and ZEVs. 51 Based on the EMFAC2021 default gasoline-diesel cars fraction. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 137 of 637 ~ " -;;; V, " u :i: ~ ~ " z 0 * > w I 0.. ""O C "' G'.i N ACC II ZEV and PHEV Sales Fractions 100% 80% 60% 40% 20% •-------------•------•------•------•--------------------•------• Jtr------•------•------•------•------... ------•------•------•------• 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035 Model Year --ACCII Light-Duty Car (LOA, LDT1) ....,_ACCII Light-Duty Truck (LDT2, MDV) -a-EMFAC2021 Light-Duty Car (LOA, LDT1) -•-EMFAC2021 Light-Duty Truck (LDT2, MDV) CARB City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 28 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 24 Average Vehicle Emission Rate in the San Diego Region Year EMFAC2021 Default Results (with the Impact of all Adopted State and Federal Policies through 2020) Adjusted EMFAC2021 Default Results with ACCII ZEV Regulations Ratio of e-VMT to Total VMT (%) Average Vehicle Emission Rate (g CO2e/mile) Ratio of e-VMT to Total VMT (%) Average Vehicle Emission Rate (g CO2e/mile) 2019 1.4% 428 1.4% 428 2035 10% 317 44% 218 2045 13% 296 74% 122 ACCII: Advanced Clean Cars II Regulations e-VMT: electric vehicle miles traveled EMFAC2021 includes all key federal and State regulations related to tailpipe GHG emissions reductions that were adopted by the end of 2020. EMFAC2021 results are adjusted to include the ACCII ZEV regulations. CARB 2021, Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 This Appendix assumes that the impact of ACCII in the San Diego region will be the same as its impact statewide due to the lack of regional specific data available. The additional electric load from the ZEVs and PHEVs is included in the projected gross generation in the electricity category. 7.4 Federal and State Actions that Reduce GHG Emissions in Carlsbad In addition to how federal and State regulations affect the emissions factors of electricity and on-road transportation, these same policies lead to significant emissions reductions in Carlsbad through 2045. This section provides a summary of the methods used to estimate and attribute the emissions reductions associated with the following federal and State actions that increase renewable electricity, building energy efficiency, and clean and efficient transportation: • California RPS – SB 100 and SB 1020 • California Solar Programs, Policies and Mandates • California Energy Efficiency Programs • Federal and California Vehicle Efficiency Standards 7.4.1 California Renewables Portfolio Standard SB 100, the 100 Percent Clean Energy Act of 2018, adopts a 60% RPS for all of California’s retail electricity suppliers by 2030. SB 100 also provides goals for the intervening years before 2030 and establishes a State policy requiring that zero-carbon resources supply 100% of all retail electricity sales to end-user customers and all State agencies by December 31, 2045.52 SB 1020, the Clean Energy, Jobs, and Affordability Act of 2022, adopts two interim targets for all retail electricity sales to end-use customers: 90% renewable and zero-carbon electricity by 2035 and 95% renewable and zero-carbon electricity by 2040.53 The statewide renewable and zero-carbon targets are shown in Figure 9 below. 52 SB 100 (de León): California Renewables Portfolio Standard Program: emissions of greenhouse gases (2017–2018). The interim RPS targets are 44 percent by 2024 and 52 percent by 2027 from eligible renewable energy resources. 53 SB 1020 (Laird): the Clean Energy, Jobs, and Affordability Act of 2022 (2021–2022). Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 138 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 29 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Figure 9 SB 100 and SB 1020 Targets All retail electricity suppliers are required to meet the State’s RPS requirements, including SDG&E, retail electricity suppliers for SDG&E’s DA customers, and CEA. In this Appendix, a conservative approach is taken. It’s assumed all providers for current utility customers, including electricity sales to DA customers, will meet, but not surpass, the RPS requirements. Under this assumption, all emissions reductions from SDG&E and electric retail suppliers reaching 90% renewable and zero-carbon in 2035 are credited to the State under the RPS requirements. In 2045, because all retail electricity suppliers are required to meet the 100% renewable and zero-carbon requirement, all emissions reductions are credited to the State. For CEA, a portion of the emissions reductions in 2035 from the program will be credited to the State under RPS compliance, and the remaining reduction will be attributed to a local CAP Update measure (E- 2), as described in Section 7.5.2.2. In addition, the electricity related to bring water down from the State Water Project and the Colorado River also must be renewable or zero-carbon under the mandates. Table 25 shows results from RPS mandates in target years. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 139 of 637 i ·;: t, ~ C 0 ~ u e ., N ---.S! .D ~ ., C ., a:: ., .,, ~ C ~ :;; c.. 100"/o 9'.>% 8)% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% O"lo 2010 • 2020: 33% RPS Eligible Renewables 2015 2020 • • 2040: 95% 2035: 90% Zero-Carbon Zero-Carbon 2030: 60% RPS • Eligible Renewables ' 2027: 57% RPS Eligible \ ,: .. :•::,::::::are,im Renewables, Interim 2025 2030 2035 2040 • 2045: 100% Zero-Carbon 2045 S8100 and S81020 targets apply to all retail electricity providers include Direct Access, Community Choice Aggregators and lnvestor-Ov,med Utilities Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 30 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 25 Emissions Reductions from California Renewables Portfolio Standard Year RPS-Related Emissions Reductions from SDG&E* (MT CO2e) RPS-Related Emissions Reductions from CEA (MT CO2e) RPS-Related Emissions Reductions from Upstream Water- Energy Use (MT CO2e) Total RPS-Related Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 2035 103,267 156,830 7,212 267,309 2045 125,060 186,238 8,621 319,919 CEA: Clean Energy Alliance *Includes SDG&E and electric retail suppliers of SDG&E DA customers. 2035 and 2045 data are projections under the CAP based on current status, future impact of State policies and programs, and CAP Update measures assumptions. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 7.4.1.1 California Solar Programs, Policies, and Mandates California has several policies and programs to encourage customer-owned, behind-the-meter PV systems, such as the California Solar Initiative, New Solar Home Partnership, Net Energy Metering, and electricity rate structures for solar customers. The California 2019 Building Energy Efficiency Standards, which went into effect on January 1, 2020, required all newly constructed single-family homes, low-rise multi-family homes, and detached accessory dwelling units (ADUs) to have PV systems installed, unless the building receives an exception.54 The latest California 2022 Building Energy Efficiency Standards (2022 Code), which went into effect on January 1, 2023, expanded the PV requirement to include non- residential buildings. In addition, the 2022 Code encourages efficient electric heat pumps and establishes electric-ready requirements for new residential construction.55 The California Energy Demand 2022–2035 Forecast, developed by the CEC, has projections for PV capacity from behind-the-meter PV adoption in the SDG&E planning area through 2035, including the impact of the residential and non-residential PV mandates.56 The baseline PV projection from 2022– 2035 in the SDG&E planning area is used to forecast PV generation in this Appendix.57 The California Distributed Generation (DG) Statistics database includes capacities of behind-the-meter PV systems interconnected in a jurisdiction in a given year for each of the three Investor-Owned Utility (IOU) planning areas, including SDG&E. This provides a historical record used to determine the capacity in GHG inventory years and the trends in PV installation. 54 CEC: 2019 Building Energy Efficiency Standards – 2019 Residential Compliance Manual (December 2018). For the requirements on newly constructed single-family and low-rise multi-family homes, see Section 7.2 Prescriptive Requirements for Photovoltaic System. For the requirements on newly constructed and detached ADU, see Section 9.3.5 Accessory Dwelling Units. 55 CEC: 2022 Building Energy Efficiency Standards. 56 The New Billing Tariff that went into effect in April 2023 and the federal ITC extension announced in August 2022 will have a long term an impact the behind-the-meter PV installation. The Energy Demand Forecasts are updated annually, and the impacts will be assessed in future versions. 57 CEC: California Energy Demand Update 2022-2035 accessed June 3, 2023. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 140 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 31 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego A comparison of the estimated capacity and electricity generation from PV systems in Carlsbad and in the SDG&E planning area is given in Table 26.58 Table 26 Behind-the-meter PV Capacity and Estimated Electricity Generation Year Carlsbad* SDG&E Planning Area** Historical Carlsbad to SDG&E Ratio of Electricity Generation from PV PV Capacity (MW) Estimated Electricity Generation (GWh) Estimated Electricity Generation (GWh) 2019 6 11 367 3.1% 2020 11 18 531 3.5% 2021 18 32 784 4.1% 2022 27 47 1,170 4.0% MW: megawatt; GWh: gigawatt hour *Estimated electricity generation based on PV capacity and 20% capacity factor. **California Energy Demand Baseline 2022–2035 Forecast California DG Statistics 2023, CEC 2023, Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 For future years, the electricity generation and capacity of behind-the-meter PV systems in Carlsbad are estimated based on the PV generation in CEC’s baseline forecast for SDG&E’s planning area and the average ratio of PV generation in Carlsbad to that of SDG&E’s planning area from 2016–2022 (4.1%). Because of California’s solar programs, policies, and mandates, the estimated 2035 PV capacity in Carlsbad is projected to be 145 megawatts (MW). The trend of behind-the-meter PV in Carlsbad is shown in Figure 10. 58 The capacity of all interconnected PV systems in Carlsbad was from the California Distributed Generation Statistics NEM Currently Interconnected Data Set (current as of March 30, 2023), download date: June 3, 2023. National Renewable Energy Laboratory: Residential PV Resources Classes, Mean DC Capacity Factor. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 141 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 32 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Figure 10 Behind-the-meter Photovoltaic Historical Capacity and Projections Because there are no statewide PV projections beyond 2035, this Appendix assumes that the PV capacity from State programs beyond 2035 will have an annual growth rate of 3.8% (the 2034–2035 growth rate, or the last year with data available) beyond 2035. The emissions reductions from all State and CAP Update measures that increase behind-the-meter renewable supply are calculated in Section 7.1.1 and shown in Table 27 below. Table 27 Key Assumptions and Results for California Solar Policies, Programs, and Mandates Year California Solar Polices, Programs, and Mandates 2035 Projected Behind-the-meter PV Capacity (MW) 145 Projected Emissions Reduction (MT CO2e) 64,878 2045 Projected Behind-the-meter PV Capacity (MW) 210 Projected Emissions Reduction (MT CO2e) 95,985 Solar policies, programs, and mandates include the impact of the PV mandates from the 2019 and 2022 Building Energy Efficiency Standard. The projected capacity and emissions reductions are based on CAP Update assumptions, current status, and future impact of State policies and programs. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 7.4.2 California Energy Efficiency Program In September 2021, the CPUC adopted energy efficiency goals for ratepayer-funded energy efficiency programs (Decision 21-09-037). The adopted energy saving goals for SDG&E’s service territory are given Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 142 of 637 160 140 120 u "tJ 3: 100 :;; >-"" u "' C. "' u > 0.. "' 0 "' 80 60 40 20 0 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 Source of historical capacity: california Distributed Generation Statistics, 2023. Source of capacity trend: California Energy Demand 2022-2035 Baseline Forecast in San Diego planning area, baseline scenario {Jan 2023 version). Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego, 2023 2035 • Historical PV Capacity 2012-2022 --PV Pr tjection 2023- 2035 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 33 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego in the Decision on an annual basis from 2022 to 2032.59 The sources of the energy savings include, but are not limited to, rebated technologies, building retrofits, behavior-based initiatives, and codes and standards.60 To evaluate the impact of the energy efficiency programs in Carlsbad, the total energy savings in SDG&E’s service territory by 2032 are allocated to Carlsbad using a ratio of Carlsbad’s natural gas and electricity demand to those of SDG&E’s entire service territory. The average 2016–2020 ratios are 5.3% for electricity and 5.2% for natural gas.61 SDG&E’s energy efficiency goal is not estimated by the CPUC beyond 2032; therefore, it is assumed the annual electricity and natural gas savings from energy efficiency programs post-2032 will be the same as in 2032. SDG&E’s service territory electricity savings were allocated accordingly to Carlsbad, as shown in Table 28.62 Table 28 Estimated Energy Savings from California Energy Efficiency Programs Year Electricity Savings* (GWh) Natural Gas Savings (million therms) SDG&E Service Territory Allocation of Savings to Carlsbad by Demand SDG&E Service Territory Allocation of Savings to Carlsbad by Demand 2032 1,914 102 18 0.9 *Include transmission and distribution losses. SDG&E service territory savings are the cumulative based on the 2022-2032 annual saving goals in CPUC Decision 21-09-037. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 Emissions reductions from electricity savings are calculated by multiplying the electricity savings by the citywide GHG emission factor for electricity, discussed in Section 7.1.1 and shown in Table 21. As the renewable and zero-carbon content in electricity increases, the emissions reductions from the electricity portion of energy efficiency programs decrease. Emissions reductions from natural gas savings were calculated using the natural gas savings amount and the natural gas emission factor discussed in Section 7.2. Table 29 summarizes the energy savings and GHG emissions reductions in the years 2035 and 2045. 59 CPUC: Decision 21-09-037, Adopting Energy Efficiency Goals for 2022-2032, accessed September 16, 2022. SDG&E’s electricity service territory is larger than San Diego region. 60 Guidehouse: 2021 Energy Efficiency Potential and Goals Study (April 23, 2021), accessed September 16, 2022. Rebated technologies are the energy efficiency technologies from the utility’s historic incentive programs, including equipment and retrofits. Existing and future Codes and Standards included in the Study is discussed in Section 3.9 Codes and Standards. 61 SDG&E’s service territory demand is from California Energy Demand Update 2022-2035 accessed June 3, 2023. 2020 is the latest year with historical data available for both Carlsbad and SDG&E service territory. 62 CPUC: Decision 21-09-037, Adopting Energy Efficiency Goals for 2022-2032, accessed September 16, 2022. The 2022 and beyond goals are given on an annual basis for each year from 2022 to 2032. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 143 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 34 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 29 Emissions Reductions from California Energy Efficiency Programs Year Electricity Savings Natural Gas Savings Total GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) Electricity Savings (GWh) Emission Factor (lbs CO2e/MWh) GHG Emissions Reductions from Electricity Savings (MT CO2e) Natural Gas Savings (million therms) Emission Factor (MT CO2e/therm) GHG Emissions Reductions from Natural Gas Savings (MT CO2e) 2035 102 30 1,387 0.9 0.0054 4,998 6,385 2045 102 - - 0.9 0.0054 4,998 4,998 The emissions reductions are projected based on CAP Update assumptions and future impact of State policies and programs. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 7.4.3 Federal and California Vehicle Efficiency Standards As discussed in Section 7.3, CARB’s EMFAC2021 model includes all key federal and State regulations related to tailpipe GHG emissions reductions for both light-duty and heavy-duty vehicles that were in place by the end of 2020. EMFAC2021 results were adjusted to include ACCII ZEV regulations which require an increasing number of ZEVs for post-2026 model year light-duty vehicles. Table 30 summarizes the key assumptions and results in the years 2035 and 2045. Table 30 Federal and California Vehicle Efficiency Standards Year Projected Carlsbad VMT (million miles per year) BAU Projection With No Regulatory Impacts With Impact of Adopted Regulations Through 2020 and ACCII ZEV Regulations GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) Average Vehicle Emission Rate* (g CO2e/mile) GHG Emissions from On-Road Transportation (MT CO2e) Average Vehicle Emission Rate (g CO2e/mile) GHG Emissions from On-Road Transportation (MT CO2e) 2035 1,295 361 467,932 218 281,798 186,134 2045 1,327 363 482,107 122 161,312 320,795 ACCII: Advanced Clean Cars II Regulation ZEV: zero-emission vehicles *Despite the absence of additional policies and programs to increase vehicle efficiency, the BAU average vehicle emission rate decreases with natural fleet turnover as new vehicles replace old vehicles. The emission rates and emissions reductions are projected based on CAP Update assumptions and future impact of State policies and programs. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 7.5 Climate Action Plan Update Measures The following section describes the methods used to estimate the GHG reductions from the CAP Update measures, which are organized into the following six strategies: • Transportation • Energy • Water and Wastewater Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 144 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 35 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego • Waste Diversion • Off-Road Equipment • Carbon Sequestration 7.5.1 Transportation 7.5.1.1 Measure T-1: Traffic Calming & Optimization The goals of Measure T-1 are: (1) to synchronize traffic signals at 53 intersections by 2035 to obtain more efficient fuel use through smoother traffic flow; and (2) to install 10 new roundabouts or traffic circles by 2035. The effect of traffic signal synchronization and roundabouts on fuel reduction depends on the traffic volume and size of the intersections on the arterials. Based on the study of a traffic signal synchronization project of a similar size, the annual fuel savings per intersection is around 2,400 gallons.63 The city’s Intersection Control Evaluation engineering standards requires intersections to be analyzed for roundabouts or traffic signals and installed wherever feasible. Based on a study of roundabouts with similar sizes, the annual fuel savings per roundabout is around 19,000 gallons.64 As vehicles get more efficient and the number of ZEVs increases, the fuel savings per roundabout and per intersection will decrease. Tables 31 and 32 summarize the key assumptions and results. 63 Sunkari: The Benefits of Retiming Traffic Signals (2004). The Jacksonville traffic signal retiming project at a 25-intersection section resulted in estimated annual fuel savings of 65,000 gallons. 64 Varhelyi: The Effects of Small Roundabouts on Emission and Fuel Consumption: A Case Study (2002). The study estimated the traffic volume of the intersection and the fuel consumption before and after the roundabout. The traffic volume is 23,500 vehicles per day and the fuel savings are approximately 144 kg per day after the roundabout installation. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 145 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 36 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 31 Measure T-1 Assumptions and Results - Traffic Signal Synchronization Year Number of Intersections with Traffic Signal Synchronization Increase in Vehicle Fuel Efficiency Compared to Baseline Year* Equivalent Fuel Saving per Intersection* (gallons/ year) Fuel Saving from All Intersections (gallons/year) GHG Emissions for Fuel** (lbs CO2e/gallon) GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 2035 53 54% 1,177 62,390 18.5 524 2045 53 73% 658 34,866 18.5 293 *Increase in vehicle fuel efficiency is based on the decrease of the average vehicle emission rate. **Emissions per gallon of fuel use for an average vehicle in the San Diego region, regardless of fuel type, vehicle type, or fuel economy. The emissions reductions are the projections under the CAP Update, based on CAP Update assumptions and future impact of State policies and programs. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 Table 32 Measure T-1 Assumptions and Results - Roundabouts Year Number of New Roundabouts Increase in Vehicle Fuel Efficiency Compared to Baseline Year* Equivalent Fuel Savings per Intersection* (gallons/year) Fuel Savings for All Intersections (gallons/year) GHG Emissions for Fuel** (lbs CO2e/gallon) GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 2035 10 54% 9,646 96,459 18.5 810 2045 10 73% 5,390 53,905 18.5 453 *Increase in vehicle fuel efficiency is based on the decrease of the average vehicle emission rate. **Emissions per gallon of fuel use for an average vehicle in the San Diego region, regardless of fuel type, vehicle type, or fuel economy. The emissions reductions are the projections under the CAP Update, based on CAP Update assumptions and future impact of State policies and programs. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 By adding the totals from Tables 31 and 32, to the total GHG emissions reductions from Measure T-1 are 1,334 MT CO2e in 2035 and 746 MT CO2e in 2045. 7.5.1.2 Measure T-2: Transportation Demand Management Ordinance In 2019, the city adopted a Transportation Demand Management (TDM) ordinance requiring nonresidential developments that generate over 110 average daily employee trips to submit TDM plans and implement TDM strategies to increase alternative travel modes.65 The developments covered by the ordinance are required to report their employees’ baseline travel modes and achieve 40% sustainable mode share (or modes other than driving alone) by 2035. Based on a post-COVID monitoring report from 2022, 18 companies with a total of 3,700 employees reported a baseline of 23% sustainable mode share across the companies.66 Through implementing and updating the TDM ordinance and subsequent TDM Handbook, the goal of this measure is to have 22,000 commuters using alternative mode for their commutes in 2045, or approximately 23% of the 2045 employment rate in Carlsbad. 65 Carlsbad: Transportation Demand Management. 66 Quarterly TDM Monitoring Reports are provided by city staff to EPIC, December 5, 2022. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 146 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 37 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego The GHG emissions reductions are based on the number of commuters using alternative modes, estimated average driving distance avoided, and the average vehicle emission rate. Table 33 summarizes the key assumptions and results.67 Table 33 Measure T-2 Assumptions and Results Year Commuter Miles Avoided* (miles/person/year) New Commuters Under Ordinance Total VMT Avoided (miles/year) Average Vehicle Emission Rate (g CO2e/mile) GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 2035 3,227 4,637 14,960,084 218 3,254 2045 3,227 22,000 70,983,251 122 8,630 *26 miles round-trip per workday and 255 workdays per year. The emissions reductions are the projection under the CAP Update, based on CAP Update assumptions and future impact of State policies and programs. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 7.5.1.3 Measure T-3: Safe Routes to School The city has an ongoing effort to implement the Safe Routes to School (SRTS) program, as part of the city’s Sustainable Mobility Plan. The SRTS program provides each school site a range of options from infrastructure improvements to educational programs. Based on the residential density maps and the SRTS walk audit report, 13% (or 1,497 out of 11,346) of students are within a ½-mile walking distance from the schools currently participating in SRTS.68 The city will continue the implementation of the SRTS program to increase the number of students walking, riding bicycles, and rolling to and from school. The SRTS program would include infrastructure improvements, as well as educational programs at schools (e.g., pedestrian and bicycle safety education curriculum, safety trainings, safety awareness campaigns). Assuming the city completes the SRTS program at all schools covered, the number of additional students walking, riding bicycles, or rolling to school are shown in Table 34.69 67 The round-trip employee commute (driving) distance for Carlsbad employees is 26 miles based on the SANDAG Mode Choice Report. 68 Carlsbad: Sustainable Mobility Plan (2020)Appendix G through L. 69 It is assumed the students within walking distance from the schools would walk to school with the SRTS program implementation. Carlsbad: Sustainable Mobility Plan. Appendix G through L. The current percentage of students who ride bicycles to school in Carlsbad schools is not available. The results are based on a San Diego Unified School District 2015–2016 student-parent survey (EPIC), unpublished. The percent increase in riding bicycles to school are based on Stewart, et al., 2014: Multistate Evaluation of Safe Routes to School Program, accessed August 10, 2019. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 147 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 38 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 34 Number of Students in Safe Routes to School Program Year Number of Students Covered to the SRTS Programs* Students Walking to Schools Students Riding Bicycles to Schools SRTS Walk Audit Report (%) Number of Additional Students Baseline (%) ** With Safe Routes to School Programs (%) Number of Additional Students Riding Bicycle to School 2035 12,411 13% 1,638 2.0% 2.5% 60 2045 12,445 13% 1,643 2.0% 2.5% 60 SRTS: Safe Routes to School The SRTS Walk Audit Report focuses on increasing the number of students walking to school, however, SRTS programs have the additional benefits in increasing the number of students riding bicycles to schools. The additional benefits are captured here. * Students currently covered by the SRTS Program with an annual rate of increase the same as population rate of increase ** The baseline assumption is based on a San Diego Unified School District 2015–2016 student-parent survey. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 The avoided VMT were estimated based on the number of additional students walking, riding bicycles, or rolling to school and miles avoided per trip. Miles avoided per year were converted to GHG emissions reductions using the average vehicle emission rates. Table 35 summarizes the key assumptions and results.70 Table 35 Measure T-3 Assumptions and Results Year VMT Avoided from SRTS* (miles/year) Average Vehicle Emission Rate (g CO2e/mile) GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 2035 321,662 218 70 2045 322,537 122 39 SRTS: Safe Routes to School *Assumes a one-mile roundtrip distance for students walking to school and a 2.5-mile roundtrip distance for students riding bicycles to school, based on a San Diego Unified School District 2015–2016 student-parent survey, and 180 school days per year. The emissions reductions are the projections under the CAP Update, based on CAP Update assumptions and future impact of State policies and programs. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 7.5.1.4 Measure T-4: Bikeway System Improvements Bicycle facilities have five classifications: (1) Class I multi-use paths, which have a completely separated right-of-way designed for the exclusive use of bicycles and pedestrians; (2) Class II separated bicycle lanes, typically designated with striping; (3) Class III bicycle routes, where bicyclists share the street with vehicular traffic; (4) Class IV cycle tracks, that provide a right-of-way designated exclusively for bicycle travel which are physically protected from vehicular traffic; and (5) Class V bicycle boulevards, which do not provide separation from vehicular traffic but have features like traffic calming to lower vehicular traffic volumes and speeds, and give bicycle travel priorities. 70 The current trip distance of students who walk or ride bicycles to school in Carlsbad is not available. The results are based on a San Diego Unified School District 2015–2016 student-parent survey (EPIC), unpublished. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 148 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 39 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego The city plans to complete the planned bikeway network in the Sustainable Mobility Plan, as shown in Table 36.71 Table 36 Bikeway Mileage in the Sustainable Mobility Plan Bicycle Facility Classification Existing (miles) Planned (miles) Change in Mileage Multi-Use (Class I) 3.2 9.3 6.1 Bicycle Lane (Class II) 157.6 92 -65.6 Buffered Bicycle Land (Class II Buffered) 0 61.2 61.2 Bicycle Route (Class III) 5.1 5.2 0.1 Cycle Track (Class IV) 0 5.1 5.1 Bicycle Boulevard (Class V) 0 1.3 1.3 New Bicycle Facilities 7.9 Improved Bicycle Facilities 61.2 New and Improved Bicycle Facilities 69.1 Table adapted from Table 5-3 in the City of Carlsbad’s Sustainable Mobility Plan (2020) The impact of adding new and improving existing bicycle facilities is calculated in two ways. First, constructing or improving bicycle facilities (Class I, II, or IV) that connect to a larger existing bikeway network encourages a mode shift on the roadway parallel to the bicycle facilities from vehicles to bicycles. With the completion of the planned bikeway network above, the city will have a completed bikeway network that reduces the I-I VMT (internal-internal vehicle miles, described in Section 3.2.1). Based on the existing average one-way bicycle vehicle trip length and an active transportation adjustment factor, the percentage reduction in I-I VMT is 0.2%.72 Second, expanding the bikeway network (Class I, II, or IV) reduces employee commute vehicle travel within the community. With the completion of the planned bikeway network, the percentage reduction in Carlsbad employee commuting is 0.01% based on the difference between existing (166) and planned (174) bikeway miles in the city, bicycle mode share and vehicle mode share in the city, average one-way bicycle and vehicle trip length, and an elasticity factor.73 The total VMT avoided (I-I miles avoided and employee commuting miles avoided) is converted to GHG emissions reductions using the average vehicle emission rates. Table 37 summarizes the key assumptions and results. 71 City of Carlsbad: Sustainable Mobility Plan Chapter 5 The Planned Mobility Network. Table 5-3 Summary of Bikeway Mileage. 72 The calculation method and factors are based on CAPCOA GHG Handbook T-19-A Construct or Improve Bike Facility. Default factors are used except existing one-way bicycle trip length and one-way vehicle trip length. One-way bicycle trip length, 2.9 miles, is based on San Diego regional average from the SANDAG Sustainable Communities Strategy Appendix B; and the one-way vehicle trip length, 8.2 mile, is Carlsbad average vehicle trip length from SANDAG Mode Choice Report. 73 The calculation method and factors are based on CAPCOA GHG Handbook T-20 Expand Bikeway Network. The default factor used is the 0.25 elasticity of bike commuters with respect to bikeway miles per 10,000 population. The one-way bicycle trip length, 2.9 miles, is based on the San Diego regional average from SANDAG’s Sustainable Communities Strategy Appendix B; and the one-way vehicle trip length, 8.2 miles, is Carlsbad’s average vehicle trip length from SANDAG’s Mode Choice Report. Bicycle mode share, 1.5%, and vehicle mode share 75%, are Carlsbad’s daily mode choice from SANDAG Mode Choice Report. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 149 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 40 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 37 Measure T-4 Assumptions and Results Year Jobs Reduction in Employee Commuting due to Expanded Bikeway Network Total Employee Commuting Miles (miles/year)* Employee Commuting Miles Avoided (miles/year) Carlsbad I-I Miles (miles/year) Reduction in I-I Miles I-I Miles Avoided (miles/year) Total VMT Avoided (miles/year) Average Vehicle Emission Rate (g CO2e /mile) GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 2035 90,801 0.01% 531,185,850 44,854 1,171,190,921 0.2% 2,558,939 2,603,792 218 566 2045 95,762 0.01% 560,207,700 47,304 1,199,693,873 0.2% 2,621,215 2,668,519 122 324 *Assumes 26 miles per workday and 225 workdays per year. The emissions reductions are the projections under the CAP Update, based on CAP Update assumptions and future impact of State policies and programs. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 7.5.1.5 Measure T-5: Pedestrian System Improvements Providing sidewalks and an enhanced pedestrian network improves pedestrian access in Carlsbad and encourages people to walk instead of drive. The city plans to complete the planned pedestrian network in the Sustainable Mobility Plan, as shown in Table 38.74 Table 38 Pedestrian Network Mileage in the Sustainable Mobility Plan Classification Existing (miles) Planned (miles) Change in Mileage Multi-Use 3.2 9.3 6.1 Standard Sidewalks 651.6 651.6 0 School Streets 13.4 13.4 0 Alternative Streets 24 24 0 Total 692.2 698.3 6.1 Table adapted from Table 5-1 in the City of Carlsbad’s Sustainable Mobility Plan (2020), not including the priority corridors for enhanced treatment classification. Pedestrian network improvements reduce household vehicle travel within the community. With the completion of the planned pedestrian network, the percentage reduction in Carlsbad household vehicle travel is 0.04% based on the difference between existing sidewalk length (692.2 miles) and planned sidewalk length (698.3 miles) in the city and an elasticity factor.75 The avoided VMT is estimated based on Carlsbad VMT per capita, persons per household, and the percent VMT reduction due to the pedestrian network improvements. Miles avoided were converted to GHG emissions reductions using the average vehicle emission rates. Table 39 shows the key assumptions and results.76 74 City of Carlsbad: Sustainable Mobility Plan Chapter 5 The Planned Mobility Network. Table 5-1 Summary of Pedestrian Network Mileage. 75 The calculation method and factors are based on CAPCOA GHG Handbook T-18 Provide Pedestrian Network Improvement. 76 2035 VMT per capita is based on the VMT analysis from the Housing Element Update, February 12, 2023. The persons per capita is based on the population and housing unit projections discussed in Section 4. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 150 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 41 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 39 Measure T-5 Assumptions and Results Year Household VMT* (miles/year) Reduction in Household VMT due to Pedestrian Network Improvement Total Citywide Household VMT (miles/year) Miles Avoided (miles/year) Average Vehicle Emission Rate (g CO2e/mile) GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 2035 19,845 0.04% 574,805,581 253,373 218 55 2045 19,570 0.04% 576,368,187 253,962 122 31 *Assumes 23.6 miles per capita, 2.4 persons per household, and 347 weekdays per year The emissions reductions are the projections under the CAP Update, based on CAP Update assumptions and future impact of State policies and programs. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 7.5.1.6 Measure T-6: Local Transportation Improvements The city will improve and expand local transportation options to provide on-demand flexible fleet service and other first-mile last-mile solutions. This includes leveraging existing regional transportation plans, such as those prepared by SANDAG, as well as the city’s Multimodal Transportation Impact Fee. Because the city’s Multimodal Transportation Impact Fee was still under development at the time of the CAP Update, the GHG emissions reductions are not quantified for this measure. 7.5.1.7 Measure T-7: Municipal Transportation Demand Management The city currently has a telecommute program77 and will consider other TDM options for city employees at different facilities. The avoided VMT is estimated based on the commute distance avoided per workday of all eligible city staff and the 2023 average telecommute days per week. Miles avoided were converted to GHG emissions reductions using the average vehicle emission rates. Table 40 shows the key assumptions and results.78 Table 40 Measure T-7 Assumptions and Results Year Miles Avoided from City Staff Transportation Demand Management* (miles/year) Average Vehicle Emission Rate (g CO2e/mile) GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 2035 765,000 218 92 2045 765,000 122 51 77 The City Manager, not the City Council, has the authority to update and amend the existing telecommuting program. Per Carlsbad Administrative Order 86, “at any time, the City Manager’s Office may evaluate the effectiveness of the Telecommuting Program. Upon assessment, the Telecommuting Program will be discontinued or amended.” Any changes to the Telecommuting Program would be reflected in regularly monitoring and annually reporting on CAP Update implementation efforts. City of Carlsbad Administrative Order No. 86, revised 04/22/2021. https://cityrecords.city.carlsbadca.gov/WebLink/DocView.aspx?id=5155223&dbid=0&repo=CityOfCarlsbad 78 One-way commute distance avoided per workday, 5,000 miles, was provided by city staff to EPIC based on city internal data analysis, August 17, 2023. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 151 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 42 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego *Assumes 5,000 miles commute distance avoided per workday from all telecommute eligible employee, 3 average telecommute days a week, and 51 average work weeks per year The emissions reductions are the projections under the CAP Update, based on CAP Update assumptions and future impact of State policies and programs. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 7.5.1.8 Measure T-8: Increase Public Zero Emission Infrastructure The city will increase zero emission infrastructure by installing and incentivizing public ZEV and bicycle infrastructure. Because this infrastructure will support the State’s ZEV mandates and ACCII (described in Section 7.4.3), the GHG emissions reductions this measure are not quantified separately. 7.5.1.9 Measure T-9: Zero Emission City Fleet The city plans to convert gasoline vehicles within its fleet to ZEVs and to switch eligible heavy-duty fleet vehicles to renewable diesel. Assuming the municipal fleet size does not increase from the baseline year 2019, Table 41 and Table 42 show the key assumptions and results.79 Table 41 Measure T-9 Assumptions and Results - Gasoline Year % Reduction in Gasoline Gasoline Fuel Use* (gallons) Gasoline Reduction (gallons) Emissions Reduction from Gasoline Reduction** (MT CO2e) Gasoline Fleet Miles (miles/year) Additional Electric Load (kWh) Emissions Added due to Electric Load*** (MT CO2e) Net GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 2035 100% 96,978 96,978 774 4,118,521 1,235,556 - 774 2045 100% 54,195 54,195 432 4,218,752 1,265,626 - 432 *Assuming the fleet size is the same, as vehicles get more efficient and more ZEVs are on the market due to California’s ZEV mandates, the gasoline demand decreases **Calculated based the gasoline reduction and the gasoline carbon intensity of 7,978 CO2e/gallon ***Emissions added due to additional electric load were zero because the electricity will be 100% renewable or zero-carbon on and after 2035 The emissions reductions are the projections under the CAP Update, based on CAP Update assumptions and future impact of State policies and programs. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 Table 42 Measure T-9 Assumptions and Results - Diesel Year % Reduction in Diesel Diesel Fuel Use* (gallons) Diesel Reduction (gallons) GHG Emissions Reductions** (MT CO2e) 2035 100% 34,903 34,903 286 2045 100% 19,505 19,505 160 *Assuming the fleet size is the same, as vehicles get more efficient and more electric vehicles are on the market due to California’s ZEV mandates, the diesel demand decreases **Calculated based on diesel reduction and the difference between diesel blend carbon intensity (8,661 CO2e/gallon) and renewable diesel carbon intensity (478 CO2e/gallon) 79 Fuel carbon contents are based on CARB statewide GHG inventor 2022 Edition, last updated on October 26, 2022. Fiscal year 2020-2021 fleet fuel use and vehicle mileage are provided by city staff, July 5, 2022. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 152 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 43 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego The emissions reductions are the projections under the CAP Update, based on CAP Update assumptions and future impact of State policies and programs. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 The total GHG emissions reductions from Measure T-9 are 1,059 MT CO2e in 2035 and 592 MT CO2e in 2045. 7.5.1.10 Measure T-10: Parking Management Strategies The city will assess the feasibility of reducing VMT per capita citywide through parking management strategies. Because the city’s Carlsbad Village, Barrio, and Beach Area Parking Management Plan was being updated at the time of the CAP Update, the GHG emissions reductions for this measure are not quantified. 7.5.2 Energy 7.5.2.1 Measure E-1: Renewable Electricity at Municipal Facilities The goals of Measure E-1 are to: (1) have 100% renewable or zero-carbon electricity at new and existing city facilities by 2025; (2) have 100% renewable or zero-carbon electricity for street and safety lighting; and (3) eliminate natural gas use at city facilities by 2045. To capture additional electricity demand from future new city facilities, an annual 0.5%-0.9% increase is applied to the 2021 electricity use at city facilities (5,800 MWh), based on the citywide commercial electricity annual rate of increase.80 The average of 2019 and 2020 street and highway lighting electricity use, the latest years with data available, is used to project citywide public lighting electricity use.81 The emissions reductions from additional renewable electricity are based on the difference between the renewable content of electricity under RPS compliance and CEA’s renewable content. Emissions reductions from eliminating natural gas are based on natural gas savings and the natural gas emission factor discussed in Section 7.2. Table 43 summarizes the key assumptions and results.82 Table 43 Measure E-1 Assumptions and Results Year Reduction in Natural Gas Use (%) Projected City Facilities Natural Gas Use (therms) Natural Gas Reduction (therms) Emissions Reductions from Natural Gas (MT CO2e) City Facilities and Public Lighting Electricity Use* (MWh) Emissions from Electricity Use with RPS- Compliant Renewable (MT CO2e) Emissions from Electricity Supplied by CEA (MT CO2e) GHG Emissions Reductions from Renewable Electricity (MT CO2e) Total GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 2035 33% 239,455 79,818 435 7,551 316 - 316 751 2045 100% 239,455 239,455 1,306 7,911 - - - 1,306 CEA: Clean Energy Alliance 80 2019-2021 city facility electricity and natural gas use were downloaded from the city’s Portfolio Manager account, downloaded on May 25, 2022. 81 Public lighting electricity use was provided by city staff, July 15, 2022. 82 2019 city facilities natural gas use was reported in the 2020 CAP Annual Report. The 1.5% annual increase is the same assumption as in the 2015 CAP and confirmed by city staff. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 153 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 44 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego *BAU electricity use is projected based on the 2021 city facilities electricity use, 2019 and 2020 street and highway lighting electricity use, and a 0.5-0.9% annual increase The electricity supplied by CEA is assumed to be zero-emission (100% renewable or carbon-free electricity) by and after 2035. All electric service providers have to supply 100% renewable or carbon-free electricity on and after 2045. The emissions reductions are the projections under the CAP Update, based on CAP Update assumptions and future impact of State policies and programs. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 7.5.2.2 Measure E-2: Community Choice Energy As discussed in Section 7.4.1, SB 100 and SB 1020 adopted the 60% RPS by 2030 for California’s retail electricity suppliers, 90% renewable and zero-carbon electricity by 2035, and 100% renewable and zero- carbon electricity by 2045. Measure E-2 assumes that CEA, launched in 2021 with a default product of 50% renewable and 75% zero-carbon content (“Clean Impact Plus”), would increase the renewable and zero-carbon electricity of its default product beyond the current RPS mandates to 100% renewable and zero-carbon by 2035. As previously explained in Section 7.4.1, because CEA is required to comply with the State’s RPS mandates, a portion of the total emissions reductions from CEA’s renewable and zero- carbon electricity is credited to the State’s RPS compliance. The emissions reductions from Measure E-1 are also removed from Measure E-2 to avoid double counting. The remaining emissions reductions beyond RPS compliance are allocated to local Measure E-2. Table 44 summarizes the key assumptions and results.83 Table 44 Measure E-2 Assumptions and Results Year State or City Action Total for CEA* CEA - Complying with RPS CEA - Above RPS GHG Emissions Reductions from Measure E-1 GHG Emissions Reductions from Measure E-2 2035 Projected Renewables and Zero Carbon (%) 100% 90% 10% - - GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 174,256 156,830 17,426 316 17,110 2045** Projected Renewables and Zero Carbon (%) 100% 100% - - - GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 186,238 186,238 - - - CEA: Clean Energy Alliance *Calculated in Table 23. ** All electric service providers must supply 100% renewable or carbon-free electricity on and after 2045. The emissions reductions are the projections under the CAP Update, based on CAP Update assumptions and future impact of State policies and programs. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 7.5.2.3 Measure E-3.1: Nonresidential Building Energy – Existing Reach Code In 2019, the city adopted a nonresidential PV and water heating ordinance for new and existing nonresidential buildings; this type of ordinance is also known as a “reach code”.84 Only the impact of the 83 Carlsbad’s participation rate and electric load of each of CEA’s products (“Clean Impact,” “Clean Impact Plus,” and “Green Impact”) for fiscal year 2022 (June 2021-May 2022) are provided by CEA via city staff to EPIC, July 28, 2022. 84 City of Carlsbad: Nonresidential Photovoltaic & Water Heating Ordinances, adopted by the Carlsbad City Council, March 12, 2019 and approved by CEC, August 2019. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 154 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 45 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego water heating requirements on new nonresidential buildings is captured in the calculations for this measure. This is because the 2022 California Green Building Code mandates PV at new nonresidential construction and because limited data are available for the existing non-residential square footages covered by the reach code since 2019. The current water heating requirement in the city’s building code states: “Any newly constructed nonresidential building shall derive its service water heating from a system that provides at least 40 percent of the energy needed for service water heating from on-site solar energy or recovered energy”. Energy savings from this requirement are calculated using a heat pump water heater (HPWH) on a per- gross floor area basis. Table 45 shows the results for different non-residential building types and the average.85 Table 45 Measure E-3.1 Potential Energy Savings Non-Residential Building Type Building Size (sq. ft.) Electricity Added with HPWH (kWh per year) Electricity Added with HPWH (kWh/year/ sq. ft.) Natural Gas Savings with HPWH (therms per year) Natural Gas Savings with HPWH (therms/year/ sq. ft.) New Construction Small Office with HPWH 5,502 2,272 0.41 252 0.05 New Construction Medium Office with HPWH 53,628 9,802 0.18 449 0.01 New Construction Warehouse with HPWH 49,495 2,673 0.05 182 0.00 New Construction Retail Strip Mall with HPWH 9,375 3,205 0.34 141 0.02 Average of New Construction Commercial with HPWH 0.25 - 0.02 HPWH: heat pump water heater City of Carlsbad 2019, Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 HPWHs are used as an example here, though other types of water heaters may be used to replace existing water heaters.86 Similarly, four nonresidential building types are used here, though other types of buildings (e.g., restaurants) have different water heating energy use on a per-square footage basis and are not captured here. Based on the cost effectiveness analysis prepared for the reach code, an annual average of approximately 501,407 sq. ft. of new nonresidential developments would be subject to this reach code.87 Emissions reductions from natural gas savings were calculated using the natural gas savings per sq. ft., gross floor area, and the natural gas emission factor discussed in Section 7.2. The emissions reductions from natural gas savings due to E-3.1 are summarized in Table 46. 85 City of Carlsbad: Energy Conservation Ordinance Cost Effectiveness Analysis, February 20, 2019. 86 Other options include, but are not limited to: instantaneous electric, electric tank solar water heater with HPWH back up, and solar water heater with electric tank back up. 87 Pre-ordinance analysis is based on the average annual new construction data from CoStar, provided by city staff to EPIC, January 20, 2020. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 155 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 46 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 46 Measure E-3.1 Assumptions and Results - Natural Gas Year Annual Nonresidential Developments Subject to the 2019 Reach Code (sq. ft./year) Total Nonresidential Developments with Updated Water Heaters Due to the 2019 Reach Code (sq. ft.) Natural Gas Savings from Using Updated Water Heater* (therms/sq. ft./year) Total Natural Gas Savings (therms/year) Natural Gas Emission Factor (MT CO2e/therm) GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 2035 501,407 8,022,518 0.02 146,193 0.0054 797 2045 501,407 13,036,592 0.02 237,563 0.0054 1,296 *Assumes the alternatively-powered water heaters are HPWH The projections are based on current status, future impact of State policies and programs, and CAP Update assumptions. Carlsbad 2019, Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 Emissions from added electricity use are calculated using the electricity use per sq. ft., gross floor area, and the citywide electricity emission factor. As the renewable and zero-carbon content in electricity increases, the emissions decrease correspondingly. The emissions from electricity use due to Measure E- 3.1 are summarized in Table 47. Table 47 Measure E-3.1 Assumptions and Results - Electricity Year Annual Nonresidential Developments Subject to the 2019 Reach Code (sq. ft./year) Total Nonresidential Developments With Updated Water Heaters Due to the 2019 Reach Code (sq. ft.) Electricity Added from Using Updated Water Heater* (kWh/sq. ft./year) Total Electricity Use (kWh/year) Electricity Emission Factor (lbs CO2e/MWh) GHG Emissions Increase from Additional Electricity Use (MT CO2e) 2035 501,407 8,022,518 0.25 1,988,763 30 27 2045 501,407 13,036,592 0.25 3,231,740 - - *Assumes the alternatively-powered water heaters are HPWH The projections are based on current status, future impact of State policies and programs, and CAP Update assumptions. City of Carlsbad 2019, Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 The net GHG emissions reductions from Measure E-3.1 are 770 MT CO2e in 2035 and 1,296 MT CO2e in 2045. 7.5.2.4 Measure E-3.2: Nonresidential Building Energy – Updated Reach Code The city will update the existing reach code to require new nonresidential buildings to meet a higher energy performance standard as approved by the State after the next 2025 California Energy Code is enforced. Because the 2019 reach code (Measure E-3.1) already requires updates to water heating technology, this was not included in Measure E-3.2. Similar to Measure E-3.1, natural gas savings and additional electricity use are calculated on a per-gross floor area basis. Table 45 shows the results for different nonresidential building types and the average.88 88 California Energy Codes & Standard Reach Codes Program: 2022 Non-Residential New Construction Cost-Effectiveness Study (March 24, 2023), accessed September 2023. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 156 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 47 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 48 Measure E-3.2 Potential Energy Savings Nonresidential Building Type Building Size (sq. ft.) Electricity Added Under Updated Reach Code (kWh/year) Electricity Added Under Updated Reach Code (kWh/year/sq. ft.) Natural Gas Savings Under Updated Reach Code (therms per year) Natural Gas Savings Under Updated Reach Code (therms/year/s q. ft.) New Construction Medium Office 53,628 15,005 0.28 747 0.01 New Construction Small Hotel 42,554 166,238 3.91 9,977 0.23 Average of New Nonresidential Construction 2.09 - 0.12 Average of New Nonresidential Construction with HPWH (Measure E-1) 0.25 - 0.02 Revised Average of New Nonresidential Construction 1.85 1.11 HPWH: heat pump water heater The 2022 nonresidential new construction cost effectiveness study includes medium retail as a building type; however, the base case already assumes heat pumps for heating and cooling and an electric resistance water heater, so it is not included. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 The average of nonresidential building types is used here, though other types of buildings (e.g., restaurants) have a different energy use on a per-sq. ft. basis and are not captured here. The same annual average sq. ft. of new nonresidential developments (501,407 sq. ft.) as in Measure E-3.1 is used here.89 The emissions reductions from natural gas savings and from additional electricity use due to Measure E-3.2 are summarized in Table 49 and Table 50. Table 49 Measure E-3.2 Assumptions and Results - Natural Gas Year Annual Nonresidential Developments Subject to the Reach Code Update (sq. ft./year) Total Nonresidential Developments Subject to the Reach Code Update (sq. ft.) Natural Gas Savings (therms/sq. ft./year) Total Natural Gas Savings (therms/year) Natural Gas Emission Factor (MT CO2e/therm) GHG Emissions Reductions from Natural Gas Savings (MT CO2e) 2035 501,407 5,014,074 1.85 531,338 0.0054 2,898 2045 501,407 10,028,148 1.85 1,062,677 0.0054 5,796 The projections are based on current status, future impact of State policies and programs, and CAP Update assumptions. City of Carlsbad 2019, Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 Table 50 Measure E-3.2 Assumptions and Results - Electricity Year Annual Nonresidential Developments Subject to the Reach Code Update (sq. ft./year) Total Nonresidential Developments Subject to the Reach Code Update (sq. ft.) Electricity Added (kWh/sq. ft./year) Total Electricity Use (kWh/year) Electricity Emission Factor (lbs CO2e/MWh) GHG Emissions Increase from Additional Electricity Use (MT CO2e) 89 Pre-reach code analysis is based on the average annual new construction data from CoStar, provided by city staff to EPIC, January 20, 2020. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 157 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 48 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego 2035 501,407 5,014,074 0.11 9,252,273 30 125 2045 501,407 10,028,148 0.11 18,504,547 - 0 The projections are based on current status, future impact of State policies and programs, and CAP Update assumptions. City of Carlsbad 2019, Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 The net GHG emissions reductions from Measure E-3.2 are 2,773 MT CO2e in 2035 and 5,796 MT CO2e in 2045. 7.5.2.5 Measure E-3.3: Nonresidential Building Energy – Solar Carports The city will consider adding solar PV systems at eligible city-owned parking lots. To begin implementing this measure, the city will need to prepare a feasibility study to know which city-owned parking lots could support a solar PV system, what size these systems could be, how much energy they could generate, and more. Because this feasibility study was not completed at the time of this CAP Update, the emissions reductions are not quantified for this measure. 7.5.2.6 Measure E-4.1: Residential Building Energy – Existing Reach Code Similar to Measure E-3.1, the city adopted a residential building ordinance, or “reach code” in 2019. The updated building code states: “Any newly constructed residential building shall derive its service water heating from a system that provides at least 60 percent of the energy needed for service water heating from on-site solar energy or recovered energy”. The energy savings from this reach code assumes the replacement of a natural gas-storage water heater (104 therms/year for a single-family home and 73 therms/year for a multi-family home) with a HPWH (919 kWh/year for a single-family home and 406 kWh/year for a multi-family home).90 While HPWH is used as an example here, other types water heaters may be used as a replacement water heater.91 Since the reach code was adopted, an average of 352 new water heaters per year were permitted in the city.92 The number of new single-family and multi-family units projected through 2045 are based on the housing projections described in Section 4. The emissions reduced from natural gas savings and emissions added from electricity use are shown in Table 51 and Table 52. 90 City of Carlsbad: Energy Conservation Ordinance Cost Effectiveness Analysis, February 20, 2019. 91 Other options include, but are not limited to: instantaneous electric, tank-based electric water heater, solar water heater with HPWH back up, and solar water heater with electric tank back up. 92 Ordinance compliance data from 2019 through May 2022 were provided by the city staff, May 18, 2022. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 158 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 49 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 51 Measure E-4.1 Assumptions and Results - Natural Gas, Existing Reach Code Year Residential Unit Type Total New Updated Water Heaters Due to the 2019 Reach Code Natural Gas Savings Per Updated Water Heater (therms/year) Total Natural Gas Savings (therms/year) Natural Gas Emission Factor (MT CO2e/therm) GHG Emissions Reductions from Natural Gas Savings (MT CO2e) 2035 Single-Family 1,635 104 170,067 0.0054 928 Multi-Family 5,826 73 423,845 0.0054 2,312 2045 Single-Family 2,164 104 225,044 0.0054 1,227 Multi-Family 6,160 73 448,166 0.0054 2,444 The natural gas savings and emissions reductions are the projections under the CAP Update assumptions, including the future impact of State policies and programs. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 Table 52 Measure E-4.1 Assumptions and Results - Electricity, Existing Reach Code Year Residential Unit Type Total New Updated Water Heaters Due to the 2019 Reach Code Electricity Added from Updated Water Heaters** (kWh/year) Total Electricity Use (kWh/year) Electricity Emission Factor (lbs CO2e/MWh) GHG Emissions Increase from Additional Electricity Use (MT CO2e) 2035 Single-Family 1,635 919 1,502,808 30 20 Multi-Family 5,826 406 2,362,464 30 32 2045 Single-Family 2,164 919 1,988,608 - - Multi-Family 6,160 406 2,498,023 - - The natural gas savings and emissions reductions are the projections under the CAP Update assumptions, including the future impact of State policies and programs. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 The city also adopted a Residential Energy Conservation Ordinance (RECO) in 2019, requiring all residential property owners conducting major renovations with a permit value of $60,000 or more to implement energy retrofit measures to reduce the energy use in existing homes. The energy efficiency activities that could be required under this measure include: attic insulation, HVAC ducts, cool roof installation, installation of water heaters installation of a heating package or packages, and/or installation of lighting packages.93 Since adoption, an average of 121 residential projects per year (including major alterations, additions, single-family development, and accessory dwelling units) met this threshold and were subject to the RECO.94 Assuming the trend continues, approximately 121 homes per year will be required to implement energy efficiency measures.95 Energy savings from retrofit activities depend on the type of home (single-family or multi-family) and the age of the home, as older homes will yield higher energy 93 City of Carlsbad: Residential Energy Conservation Ordinance, adopted by the Carlsbad City Council on March 12, 2019 and approved by CEC on August 2019. 94 Ordinance compliance data from 2019 through May 2022 were provided by city staff, May 18, 2022. 95 The number of residential projects that met the threshold from 2014 to 2018 were provided by city staff (July 2019). The average from 2014 to 2018 is used here. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 159 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 50 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego savings when implementing the same retrofit activity than newer homes. For an average home, the average energy savings are 93 kWh and 2 therms.96 The GHG emissions reductions from electricity and natural gas savings due to the RECO are summarized in Table 53 and Table 54. Table 53 Measure E-4.1 Assumptions and Results - Electricity, Residential Energy Conservation Ordinance Year Number of Home Energy Retrofits Due to the 2019 RECO Electricity Savings per Retrofit* (kWh/home/year) Total Electricity Savings from All Retrofits (kWh/year) Electricity Emission Factor (lbs CO2e/MWh) GHG Emissions Reductions from Electricity Savings (MT CO2e) 2035 1,820 93 168,838 30 2 2045 3,033 93 281,397 - - *Energy savings are based on the City of Carlsbad’s RECO energy efficiency measure examples The projected retrofits and emissions reductions are the projections under the CAP Update, based on current status, future impact of State policies and programs, and CAP Update assumptions. Carlsbad 2019, Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 Table 54 Measure E-4.1 Assumptions and Results - Natural Gas, Residential Energy Conservation Ordinance Year Number of Home Energy Retrofits Due to the 2019 RECO Natural Gas Savings per Retrofit** (therms/home/year) Total Natural Gas Savings from All Retrofits (therms/year) Natural Gas Emission Factor (MT CO2e/therm) GHG Emissions Reductions from Natural Gas Savings (MT CO2e) 2035 1,820 2 4,195 0.0054 23 2045 3,033 2 6,991 0.0054 38 *Energy savings are based on City of Carlsbad’s RECO energy efficiency measure examples The projected retrofits and emissions reductions are the projections under the CAP Update, based on current status, future impact of State policies and programs, and CAP Update assumptions. Carlsbad 2019, Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 By adding the totals from Tables 51 through 54, the net GHG emissions reductions from the 2019 reach code and RECO are 3,212 MT CO2e in 2035 and 3,710 MT CO2e in 2045. 7.5.2.7 Measure E-4.2: Residential Building Energy – Updated Reach Code Similar to Measure E-3.2, the city will update the existing reach code to require new residential buildings to meet a higher energy performance standard as approved by the State after the next 2025 California Energy Code is enforced. Based on the 2022 new construction cost-effectiveness studies, the cost-effectiveness of a code- compliant home meeting higher energy performance standards varies by Climate Zone. Table 55 shows the natural gas savings and the additional electricity demand in Climate Zone 7 where Carlsbad is located. 97 96 Carlsbad’s RECO is based on a statewide Existing Building Efficiency Upgrade Cost-Effective Study, for the 2016 Energy Code (June 2018). The results from Table 20 for Climate Zone 7 – single-family efficiency upgrade package cost-effectiveness results are used here. The average energy savings are the average of energy savings of pre-1978, 1978–1991, and 1992–2005 homes. The ratio of single-family homes to total homes is 68% based on housing projection in Carlsbad. 97 California Energy Codes & Standard Reach Codes Program: 2022 Single Family New Construction and 2022 Multifamily New Construction (June 20, 2023), accessed September 2023. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 160 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 51 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 55 Assumptions of Higher Energy Performance Homes Higher Energy Performance Home Type Single-Family Multi-Family Natural Gas Savings Compared with Base Case Home (therms per unit) 69 29 Increased Electricity Use Compared with Base Case Home (kWh per unit) 1,328 299 Based on prototypes in the cost-effectiveness study. For new single-family homes, the base case is modeled based on electric heat pump water heater with natural gas cooking and clothes drying. For new multi-family homes, the base case is modeled based on a natural gas centralized boiler with solar thermal, and electric cooking and clothes drying. California Statewide Reach Codes Program, 2023 The number of new single-family and multi-family units projected through 2045 are based on the housing projections described in Section 4The emissions reduced from natural gas savings and emissions added from electricity use are shown in Table 56 and Table 57. Table 56 Measure E-4.2 Assumptions and Results - Natural Gas Year Single-Family Homes Multi-Family Homes Total Number of New Single- Family Homes Subject to the Reach Code Update Natural Gas Savings per Single-Family Home (therms/home/ year) Number of New Multi-Family Homes Subject to the Reach Code Update Natural Gas Savings per Multi-Family Home (therms/home/ year) Total Natural Gas Savings (therms/year) Natural Gas Emission Factor (MT CO2e/therm) GHG Emissions Reductions from Natural Gas Savings (MT CO2e) 2035 1,032 69 5,314 29 0.2 0.0054 1,236 2045 1,560 69 5,648 29 0.3 0.0054 1,488 The projected retrofits and emissions reductions are the projections under the CAP Update, based on current status, future impact of State policies and programs, and CAP Update assumptions. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 Table 57 Measure E-4.2 Assumptions and Results - Electricity Year Single-Family Homes Multi-Family Homes Total Number of New Single-Family Homes Subject to the Reach Code Update Increased Electricity Use per Single-Family Home (kWh/home /year) Number of New Multi-Family Homes Subject to the Reach Code Update Increased Electricity Use per Multi- Family Home (kWh/home /year) Total Electricity Added (kWh /year) Electricity Emission Factor (lbs CO2e/MWh) GHG Emissions Increase from Additional Electricity Use (MT CO2e) 2035 1,032 1,328 5,314 299 1,370 30 40 2045 1,560 1,328 5,648 299 2,072 - - The projected retrofits and emissions reductions are the projections under the CAP Update, based on current status, future impact of State policies and programs, and CAP Update assumptions. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 161 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 52 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Combining the totals from Tables 56 and 57, the net GHG emissions reductions from Measure E-4.2 are 1,196 MT CO2e in 2035 and 1,488 MT CO2e in 2045. 7.5.2.8 Measure E-5: Building Energy Benchmarking The city will develop and implement a citywide building energy benchmarking program. Based on an U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) study of building energy data reported using EPA’s ENERGY STAR Portfolio Manager, the average annual savings in energy use from benchmarking programs is approximately 2.4%.98 The city’s program will be similar to California’s statewide building energy benchmarking program but administered locally, like the City of San Diego’s existing building energy benchmarking program; the City of San Diego requires commercial, multi-family, and mixed-use buildings over 50,000 sq.ft. to submit energy data annually.99 A building stock analysis for Carlsbad is not available at the time the CAP Update was developed. Therefore, the analysis from the City of San Diego, the only jurisdiction in the San Diego region with a completed building stock analysis, is used a proxy. Based on this, 29% of built sq. ft. across the city is assumed to be covered by a building energy benchmarking program.100 Table 58 summarizes the key assumptions and results. Table 58 Measure E-5 Assumptions and Results Year Non-Residential Natural Gas Savings due to Building Energy Benchmarking Program* (therms/year) Natural Gas Emission Factor (MT CO2e/therm) Emissions Reductions from Natural Gas Savings (MT CO2e) Non-Residential Natural Gas Savings due to Building Energy Benchmarking Program* (kWh/year) Electricity Emission Factor (lbs CO2e/MWh) GHG Emissions Reductions from Electricity Savings (MT CO2e) GHG Emissions Reduction s (MT CO2e) 2035 727,606 0.0054 3,968 25,041,310 30 339 4,308 2045 1,349,154 0.0054 7,358 46,432,543 - - 7,358 *Assume the benchmarking program would start in 2026 and 29% of the non-residential built sq. ft. (non-residential energy use) would be subject to the requirement The projected energy and emissions reductions are the projections under the CAP Update, based on current status, future impact of State policies and programs, and CAP Update assumptions. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 7.5.2.9 Measure E-6: Decarbonize Existing Buildings The goal of Measure E-6 is to decarbonize existing buildings that are not subject to the reach code requirements described under other CAP Update measures. The goal is to reduce 33% of the 2016 baseline natural gas use by 2045. Emissions reductions were calculated using the natural gas savings and the natural gas emission factor discussed in Section 7.2. Table 59 summarizes the key assumptions and results. 98 EPA: Benchmarking and Energy Savings. 99 CEC: Building Energy Benchmarking Program. San Diego: Building Energy Benchmarking. 100 Building Electrification Institute: San Diego Building & Housing Stock Analysis (August 2023). Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 162 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 53 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 59 Measure E-6 Assumptions and Results Year Baseline 2016 Natural Gas Use (million therms/year) Natural Gas Savings (%) Natural Gas Savings (million therms/year) Natural Gas Emission Factor (MT CO2e/therm) GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 2035 24 17% 4 0.0054 22,356 2045 24 33% 8 0.0054 44,305 The projected energy and emissions reductions are the projections under the CAP Update, based on current status, future impact of State policies and programs, and CAP Update assumptions. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 The decarbonization potential of each existing home varies depending on building size, age, type of appliances used. To meet the goal, approximately 12,000 existing homes would need to be retrofitted and decarbonized with 100% renewable electricity by 2045. Currently, a housing stock analysis with a breakdown of single-family and multi-family home energy usage is not currently available. The number of units needed to be retrofitted and decarbonized is based on existing energy data and assumes all decarbonization would be realized in the residential sector, though decarbonization of the non- residential sector would also contribute to this measure’s goal. 7.5.3 Water and Wastewater 7.5.3.1 Measure W-1: Wastewater System Improvements The city will continue making improvements to Carlsbad’s wastewater collection system, including but not limited to upgrading wastewater lift stations. The goal of Measure W-1 is to: (1) reduce the wastewater energy intensity by 10% by 2035 and after; and (2) supply the wastewater lift stations with 100% renewable or zero-carbon electricity from CEA. The emissions reductions are calculated based on the difference between the BAU wastewater system electricity use and renewable content of electricity under RPS compliance, and the wastewater system electricity after the 10% reduction in energy intensity and CEA’s renewable content. Table 60 summarizes the key assumptions and results.101 Table 60 Measure W-1 Assumptions and Results Year % Reduction in Wastewate r Energy Intensity Wastewater Generated (million gallons) BAU Projection - Wastewater System Projection with Measure W-1 GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) Wastewater System Electricity Use* (kWh) RPS-Compliant Electricity Emission Factor (lbs CO2e /MWh) GHG Emissions from Wastewater System (MT CO2e) Wastewater System Electricity Use (kWh) CEA Emission Factor (lbs CO2e/MWh) GHG Emissions from Wastewat er System (MT CO2e) 2035 10% 2,759 1,411,242 92 59 1,270,118 - - 59 2045 10% 2,767 1,415,079 - - 1,273,571 - - - CEA: Clean Energy Alliance 101 Wastewater system energy intensity 156 kWh/acre-foot (478 kWh/million gallon) is based on Carlsbad Municipal Water District: 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (June 2021). Appendix H. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 163 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 54 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego * Wastewater system energy intensity 156 kWh/acre-foot (478 kWh/million gallons) The electricity supplied by CEA is assumed to be zero-emission (100% renewable or carbon-free electricity) by and after 2035. All electric service providers must supply 100% renewable or carbon-free electricity on and after 2045. The projected reductions are the projections under the CAP Update, based on current status, future impact of State policies and programs, and CAP Update assumptions. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 7.5.3.2 Measure W-2: Water System Improvements The city will continue making improvements to the CMWD’s potable and recycled water systems, including but not limited to expanding use of water reuse, and using renewable energy to power facilities. The goal of Measure W-2 is to: 1) achieve the active and passive water conservation goals described in CMWD’s 2020 Urban Water Management (UWMP); and 2) supply all pump stations with 100% renewable and zero-carbon electricity from CEA by 2035. As described in Section 3.2.6, CMWD’s service area only covers 77% of Carlsbad. It is assumed the rest of the city will achieve the same level of water conservation effort as in CMWD’s service area. The water savings will be 2,295 acre-feet within CMWD service area and 2,981 acre-feet within the entire city by 2035.102 The emissions reductions are calculated based on the water savings, the difference between the BAU water system electricity use, and the renewable content of electricity under RPS compliance and under CEA’s renewable content. Table 61 summarizes the key assumptions and results.103 Table 61 Measure W-2 Assumptions and Results Year SDCWA - Treated Water Supply (acre-feet) Reduction in Water Use from Active and Passive Conservation (acre-feet) Projected Water Supply After Reduction (acre-feet) Upstream GHG Emissions Reduction from Water Savings* (MT CO2e) Local GHG Emissions Reduction from Water Savings and Additional Renewable Supply** (MT CO2e) Total GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 2035 20,954 2,981 17,973 1,458 58 1,516 2045 21,011 3,236 17,774 1,583 - 1,583 *Upstream emissions reductions from water savings are calculated based on the BAU GHG intensity of SDCWA treated water supply (0.489 MT CO2e/acre foot) and the reduction in water use. The impact of increased renewable or zero-carbon electricity in the upstream supply due to RPS is captured under Section 7.4.1. ** Local emissions reductions include (1) the reduction in water distribution electricity use associated with water savings and (2) the reduction in both water and recycled water distribution emissions due to higher renewable and zero-carbon electricity content. The projected reductions are the projections under the CAP Update, based on current status, future impact of State policies and programs, and CAP Update assumptions. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 102 CMWD: 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (June 2021), Table 4-4 Active and Passive Conservation. 103 Wastewater system energy intensity 156 kWh/acre-foot (478 kWh/million gallon) is based on CMWD: 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (June 2021). Appendix H. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 164 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 55 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego 7.5.4 Waste Diversion 7.5.4.1 Measure WD-1: Solid and Organic Waste Diversion The goal of Measure WD-1 is to divert 75% of waste by 2035 and divert 90% of waste by 2045. The city’s Environmental Sustainability department is responsible for ensuring solid and organic waste is diverted within the city. This is done through several supporting actions established through many programs and policies across the city. These actions are described Chapter 3 of the CAP Update and in the city’s Sustainable Materials Management Plan and subsequent Sustainable Materials Management Implementation Plan. The city has not conducted a waste characterization study, therefore, the 2016 waste composition data (used in the 2016 GHG inventory) from Oceanside are used and held constant through 2045.104 The emissions avoided from increasing the waste diversion rate is the difference between the waste category BAU emissions and the solid waste emissions using the target diversion rates and corresponding PPDs. Table 62 summarizes the key assumptions and results. Table 62 Measure WD-1 Assumptions and Results Year Waste Disposed at Landfills from Carlsbad Landfill Gas Capture Rate GHG Emissions with Targeted Diversion Rate (MT CO2e) BAU GHG Emissions (MT CO2e) GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) short tons/year MT/year 2035 97,547 88,493 90% 8,606 40,382 31,776 2045 39,125 35,493 90% 3,452 40,492 37,040 Emissions from waste are calculated based on the mixed waste emission factor used in Section 3.2.4, an oxidation rate (10%), and the waste capture rates. The projected emissions reductions are based on the CAP Update assumptions. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 7.5.5 Off-Road Equipment 7.5.5.1 Measure OR-1: Convert Gas-Powered Leaf Blowers The goal of Measure OR-1 is to prohibiting the use of gas-powered leaf blowers use within the city. By 2035 and after, all emissions from gas-powered leaf blowers will be eliminated. The method to project emissions from gas-powered leaf blowers is discussed in Section 4 and is based on CARB’s OFFROAD2021 model. Table 63 summarizes the key assumptions and results. 104 Recent State actions include organic waste recycling, which may reduce the mixed waste emission factor in future years. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 165 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 56 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 63 Measure OR-1 Assumptions and Results Year Projected GHG Emissions from Gas-Powered Leaf Blowers (MT CO2e) Percent Reduction in GHG Emissions GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 2035 1,994 100% 396 2045 2,014 100% 386 CARB 2021, Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 7.5.5.2 Measure OR-2: Increase Renewable or Alternative Fuel in Construction Equipment The goal of Measure OR-2 is to require new developments and significant land-moving and construction projects to use renewable or alternatively-fueled construction equipment that reduces 50% of emissions from the project’s construction activities. Through the development and adoption of an ordinance, this measure would require a 50% emissions reduction from construction equipment from eligible projects by 2045. The method to project construction emissions is discussed in Section 4 and is based on CARB’s OFFROAD2021 model. Table 64 summarizes the key assumptions and results. Table 64 Measure OR-2 Assumptions and Results Year Projected GHG Emissions from Construction Equipment (MT CO2e) Percent Reduction in GHG Emissions GHG Emissions Reductions (MT CO2e) 2035 28,189 17% 4,698 2045 30,162 50% 15,081 CARB 2021, Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 7.5.6 Carbon Sequestration 7.5.6.1 Measure CS-1: Community Forest Management The city’s Community Forest Management Plan (CFMP) has a goal to plant 500 trees per year at city- owned or controlled properties through 2025, which will increase Carlsbad’s total tree canopy.105 In addition, another goal of Measure CS-1 is to increase the urban canopy cover from the current 16.7% to 20% coverage by 2035 and 32% coverage by 2045.106 The carbon sequestration potential is calculated based on: 1) the projected total number of trees planted through 2025 and the CO2 absorption rate per tree; and 2) the projected canopy cover and the CO2 absorption rate per acre.107 Table 65 summarizes the key assumptions and results. 105 City of Carlsbad: Community Forest Management Plan (2019). 106 The current canopy cover is from the Community Forest Management Plan. City of Carlsbad: Community Forest Management Plan (2019). 107 On average, the CO2 sequestration rate is 0.035 MT CO2 per tree per year. The carbon sequestration rate depends on the tree species, climate zone, planting location, and tree age. A more accurate carbon sequestration rate will be evaluated once the parameters are decided during implementation of the measure. California Emissions Estimator Model (CALEEMOD). Appendix D Default Data Tables (October 2017). Brown, et al.: Baseline Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Removals for Forest, Range, and Agricultural Lands in California (2004). Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 166 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update April 12, 2024 57 Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC), University of San Diego Table 65 Measure CS-1 Assumptions and Results Year Number of New Trees Added by Target Years* CO2 Sequestered** (MT CO2/tree/year) Carbon Sequestration from New Trees (MT CO2) Canopy Cover Target (%) Targeted Canopy Cover (acres) CO2 Sequestered Rate (MT CO2/acre) Carbon Sequestration from Canopy Cover (MT CO2) Total Carbon Sequestration (MT CO2) 2035 3,000 0.0354 106 20% 4,756 1.56 7,413 7,519 2045 3,000 0.0354 106 32% 7,609 1.56 11,860 11,966 *500 trees per year from 2019 through 2025 at city-owned or controlled properties **Average of trees. An improved estimate of the carbon sequestration rate can be evaluated once the implementation parameters are decided. Brown et al 2004, City of Carlsbad 2019, Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 167 of 637 Appendix D Public Input Summaries Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 168 of 637 20210138.01 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update Final – March 2024 Prepared for City of Carlsbad 1635 Faraday Ave. Carlsbad, CA 92008 Prepared by Ascent Environmental 1230 Columbia St., Suite 440 San Diego, CA 92101-8517 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 169 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update ii Contents Introduction ........................................................................................................................................................................ 1 Overview of Public Engagement .................................................................................................................................. 1 Public Engagement Goal ............................................................................................................................................ 1 Public Engagement Objectives ................................................................................................................................ 1 About the Input ................................................................................................................................................................ 2 Qualitative Input with A Convenience Sample .................................................................................................. 2 Underrepresented Communities ............................................................................................................................ 2 Phase I Public Engagement Activities and Input Received ............................................................................ 3 Interim Outreach Activities ....................................................................................................................................... 5 Phase II Public Engagement Activities and Input Received ........................................................................... 5 Themes from Phase I Public Engagement ............................................................................................................... 8 Theme 1: Take Bold Actions ..................................................................................................................................... 9 Theme 2: Consider a Range of Actions ................................................................................................................ 9 Transportation ........................................................................................................................................................ 10 Energy ........................................................................................................................................................................ 11 Water......................................................................................................................................................................... 12 Solid Waste ............................................................................................................................................................. 12 Other Actions ......................................................................................................................................................... 12 Climate Change Impacts..................................................................................................................................... 13 Theme 3: Promote Equity and Public Awareness ........................................................................................... 14 Themes from Phase II Public Engagement ............................................................................................................ 15 How Input was Incorporated into Climate Action Plan Update ..................................................................... 16 Conclusion ........................................................................................................................................................................ 18 Appendix A – Stakeholder Contact List (Phase I) .............................................................................................. A-1 Appendix B – Stakeholder Interviews (Phase I) .................................................................................................. B-1 Appendix C – Online Survey Results (Phase I) .................................................................................................... C-1 Appendix D – 5-Year Strategic Plan Outreach (Phase I) ................................................................................. D-1 Appendix E – Additional Comments (Phase I) .................................................................................................... E-1 Appendix F – Interim Outreach Activities.............................................................................................................. F-1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 170 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update iii Appendix G – Overview of proposed actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad (Phase II) .......................................................................................................................................................................... G-1 Appendix H – Stakeholder Contact List (Phase II) ............................................................................................. H-1 Appendix I – Stakeholder Meetings (Phase II) ...................................................................................................... I-1 Appendix J – City Council Meeting Notes and Public Comment (Phase II) ............................................... J-1 Appendix K – Online Survey Results (Phase II) ................................................................................................... K-1 Appendix L – Community Events and “Pop-Up” Tabling Attended by City Staff (Phase II) ................. L-1 Appendix M – Media and Marketing Content (Phase II)................................................................................ M-1 Appendix N – Additional Comments (Phase II) ................................................................................................. N-1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 171 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update 1 Introduction In 2015, the City of Carlsbad was one of the first jurisdictions in San Diego County to adopt a “qualified” Climate Action Plan, consistent with California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines, that outlined strategies and policies to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The Climate Action Plan was developed concurrently with the update of the city’s General Plan. Since then, communitywide GHG inventories for the city and statewide GHG targets have been updated, presenting the opportunity for the city to update its Climate Action Plan and further pursue the community’s goal of promoting a sustainable environment. The Climate Action Plan Update will evaluate the city’s plan for reducing GHG emissions, including the following components: • Evaluating existing GHG reduction targets and forecasts • Assessing revisions to current GHG reduction measures • Exploring potential new GHG reduction measures • Conducting a benefit-cost analysis of revised and potential new measures • Developing implementation monitoring procedures The Climate Action Plan Update will also include preparation of the appropriate documentation to meet the requirements of CEQA. Overview of Public Engagement This summary provides an overview of public engagement conducted by the city between January and June 2022 (Phase I) and between July 2022 and November 2023 (Phase II) as part of the Climate Action Plan Update. This summary also includes public engagement conducted in the interim period between Phase I and Phase II, from October 2022 to May 2023. Public Engagement Goal To ensure the Climate Action Plan Update reflects the community’s needs, priorities, and values. Public Engagement Objectives Specific engagement objectives include: • Describe the importance of the Climate Action Plan and the city’s role in environmental leadership. • Relate climate change and its impacts to relatable scenarios and aspects of life for residents and businesses. • Communicate constraints and/or pros/cons to Climate Action Plan measures. • Remove industry jargon and other communication barriers so the average person can understand and provide meaningful input. • Provide a variety of methods for the public to provide input, including in person and online. • Create opportunities that will encourage traditionally underrepresented groups to provide input. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 172 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update 2 • Gather ideas on how equity can be integrated into the Climate Action Plan and implementation. • Gauge comfort and interest level in helping to implement Climate Action Plan strategies. • Inform the public how input will be used. About the Input The International Association of Public Participation’s (IAP2) spectrum of public participation illustrates a range of approaches to involving the public in decision making. The public engagement process for the Climate Action Plan Update includes “inform,” “consult,” and “involve.” Source: International Association of Public Participation 2018 Qualitative Input with A Convenience Sample The input included in this summary is qualitative in nature and was obtained through a convenience sample. This means that the city focused on gaining an in-depth understanding of community members’ perspectives, and the results cannot be generalized to the city’s entire population within a defined margin of error. Therefore, the input in this report should be considered with a similar weight as other forms of feedback that have always been part of the city’s decision-making process, such as comments made at City Council meetings or emails sent to the city expressing an opinion. Underrepresented Communities Deliberate effort and attention were given to reach underrepresented communities in the city. Several groups representing people of different races and ethnicities, Native American tribes, low- income populations, LGBTQ+ communities, youth, and seniors were contacted based on their Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 173 of 637 INCREASING IMPACT ON THE DECISION INFORM CONSULT INVOLVE COLLABORATE EMPOWER To provide the public To obtain public To work directly with To partner with the To place final decision with balanced and feedback on analysis, the public throughout public in each aspect making in the hands of objective information alternatives and/or the process to ensure of the decision the public. to assist them in decisions. that public concerns including the understanding the and aspirations are development of problem, alternatives, consistently alternatives and the opportunities and/or understood and identification of the solutions. considered. preferred solution. We will keep you We will keep you We will work with you We will look to you for We will implement informed. informed, listen to and to ensure that your advice and innovation what you decide. acknowledge concerns concerns and in formulating and aspirations, and aspirations are solutions and provide feedback on directly reflected in incorporate your how public input the alternatives advice and influenced the developed and provide recommendations into decision. feedback on how the decisions to the public input influenced maximum extent the decision. possible. Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update 3 interest in helping advocate for underrepresented groups in Carlsbad and the San Diego region. This includes 18 groups during Phase I and Phase II engagement activities. Although the city reached out to several stakeholders during Phase I and Phase II, many declined to participate in interviews and others could not be reached through available contact information. Appendix A includes a list of all 76 stakeholders contacted by the city in Phase I, and Appendix H includes a list of all 99 stakeholders contacted in Phase II. Throughout Phase I and Phase II, the city translated surveys and various outreach materials into Spanish to help further the reach of engagement activities. Phase I Public Engagement Activities and Input Received The overall goal of Phase I engagement was to activate and inform stakeholders about the Climate Action Plan Update development process while allowing the city to better understand the specific desires and needs of diverse stakeholder groups. This information would inform how the Climate Action Plan Update document would be framed and gain preliminary input on priorities for developing GHG reduction measures and actions. The city conducted the following public engagement between January and June 2022 as part of the first phase of the Climate Action Plan Update. Targeted Outreach: Appendix A includes a list of all 76 stakeholders contacted by the city and invited to participate in stakeholder interviews and complete the online survey. This approach allowed the city to conduct early outreach focused on soliciting feedback from specific audiences, including environmental advocates, business and industry groups and community-based organizations representing underrepresented groups. Stakeholder Interviews: The city met with 13 stakeholders, representing nine different community- based organizations, that participated in interviews between March 9, 2022 and May 16, 2022. The stakeholder interviews focused on input that will inform the development of the Climate Action Plan, including questions about the current Climate Action Plan, potential changes as part of the Climate Action Plan Update, suggestions on potential measures to include by emissions sector and ideas for how to integrate equity into the Climate Action Plan. The city developed a specific set of questions for these interviews. Appendix B includes a table that provides a list of stakeholders that participated in interviews, a record of discussion questions used during the interviews and a record of meeting notes from each interview. Online Survey: An online survey was also available to stakeholders to complete instead of, or in addition to, participating in stakeholder interviews. The survey questions were similar to the prompts used for discussion during the stakeholder interviews, which provided an additional way for stakeholders to provide input as part of the Climate Action Plan Update. The survey was also made available to the public on the city’s website. As of June 27, 2022, 16 survey responses were received. The survey questions and a summary of responses are included in Appendix C. City Council Updates: City staff presented the Climate Action Plan Annual Report for Reporting Period 5 (January 1, 2021 – December 31, 2021) to the City Council on April 19, 2022. During the Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 174 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update 4 same meeting, city staff also discussed the Climate Action Plan Update with the City Council and received feedback to use a traffic model customized to Carlsbad to get a more accurate estimate of GHG emissions and make sure the Climate Action Plan Update is aligned with other city plans using the same model. Booth at Earth Month Celebration: City staff hosted a booth to share information and talk with members of the public about the Climate Action Plan Update as part of the City’s annual Earth Month Celebration. The event was held on April 2, 2022, at Pine Avenue Community Center and Park. The booth allowed staff to have informal conversations with the public about climate change and the Climate Action Plan, with the goal of directing people to take the survey. Additional Comments: Additional comments received by the city are included in Appendix E. The Rincon Band of Luiseño Indians submitted one additional comment letter on June 22, 2022. Incorporating Input from 5-Year Strategic Plan (March 2022): The City Council developed a 5-year strategic plan1 with policy goals to reflect the most important priorities of the community. The City Council adopted the strategic plan on October 11, 2022. These goals are one way the city delivers on the Carlsbad Community Vision, a set of nine core values community members said were important to Carlsbad’s future. Input related to “Sustainability and Natural Environment” collected during outreach for the city’s 5-Year Strategic Plan in March 2022 was considered and incorporated as part of the Climate Action Plan Update. Public engagement for the 5-Year Strategic Plan included: • Virtual workshop held on February 1, 2022, where the public could share ideas, ask questions and participate in breakout rooms with city staff about specific topics, including sustainability. • Online ideas wall where people could share ideas, comment on ideas already added and see what others had to say. • Online survey with three open-ended questions based on the themes from the Community Vision2. 1 For more information about the 5-year strategic plan, see: https://www.carlsbadca.gov/city-hall/city-council/strategic-plan 2 For more information about the Carlsbad Community Vision, see: https://www.carlsbadca.gov/residents/community-vision Strategic Plan Priorities The City Council identified the following main themes that they wanted to address in a five-year strategic plan: • Economic vitality • Sustainability and the environment • Community character • Quality of life and safety • Organizational excellence and fiscal health The Climate Action Plan Update supports sustainability and the environment. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 175 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update 5 Interim Outreach Activities The city conducted additional outreach for the CAP Update between Phase I and Phase II of engagement. This interim outreach was conducted between October 2022 and October 2023, during which city staff attended city- and stakeholder-sponsored events in various capacities to raise awareness and share information about getting involved in the CAP Update development process. A full list of events and the capacity of city staff attendance is provided in Appendix F. Events include attending city-sponsored Fix-it Clinics, tabling at the Carlsbad Village Street Faire, and presentations to stakeholder groups such as the Batiquitos Lagoon Foundation. Phase II Public Engagement Activities and Input Received Public input from Phase I was used to develop proposed GHG reduction measures and actions, while Phase II engagement was focused on gaining feedback on the proposed GHG reduction measures and actions. On October 18, 2023, the city shared an “Overview of proposed actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad” to identify proposed actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions and describe the projected GHG reductions, measures of success, data to be used, related benefits; timeframe; and equity considerations for each proposed action. The overview of proposed actions was published in English and Spanish (included in Appendix G), which was used to provide stakeholders with the opportunity to provide informed feedback on what was being proposed for the Climate Action Plan Update. This document was shared through various methods throughout Phase II engagement, including the city’s website, weekly city manager email, stakeholder email list, community events and tabling at city facilities. The city conducted the following public engagement between October 2023 and November 2023 as part of Phase II of the Climate Action Plan Update engagement. Targeted Outreach: The city contacted stakeholder groups and organizations to obtain feedback on the proposed GHG reduction measures and actions. Appendix H includes a list of all 99 stakeholders contacted by the city and invited to participate in Phase II through meetings and an online survey. Stakeholders were also contacted through email on October 18, 2023, using the city’s Comms Sustainability list, which included 294 recipients. This email communication included many of the 99 stakeholders directly contacted during Phase II. The full list of stakeholders reached through the Comms Sustainability list is not provided for reference here as many are captured in Appendix H. Stakeholder and Public Meetings: The city held six stakeholder meetings with organizations, with approximately 30 to 40 individual stakeholders, between October 25, 2023 and November 21, 20233. The stakeholder meetings were attended at the request of stakeholders and focused on reviewing the proposed GHG reduction measures in detail, answering any questions about the 3 An additional meeting was held outside of the Phase II engagement period. City staff met virtually with representatives of the Rincon Band of Luiseño Indians on Jan. 29, 2024. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 176 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update 6 proposed measures and obtaining additional feedback. Appendix I includes agendas and notes from these meetings. City Council and DEI Committee: The city presented the potential GHG reduction measures for the Climate Action Plan Update to both City Council and the city’s Diversity, Equity, and Inclusion Committees on November 7, 2023, and November 15, 2023, respectively. The presentations were intended to provide stakeholders with detail on the proposed GHG reduction measures and solicit feedback. These presentations were open to public comment, with 6 public comment letters received for the City Council meeting and additional public comments at the meeting itself. Notes on the public comments received at the City Council meeting and the public comment letters received are provided, along with the staff report for the meeting, in Appendix J. Online Survey: An online survey was also available to stakeholders and the public to complete, which was intended to obtain additional feedback from stakeholders reached during Phase I and to engage new stakeholders in Phase II. The survey questions provided an opportunity for participants to indicate which of the proposed GHG reduction measures and actions they supported and provide feedback on why. The survey was also shared with the public on the city’s website and advertised on social media and in the city manager’s weekly email. The survey questions and a summary of responses are included in Appendix K. The survey was launched on October 18, 2023, and closed on November 17, 2023. A total of 86 survey responses were received. Attending Community Events: City staff attended events throughout the city and region in various capacities to reach additional stakeholders as part of Phase II, including tabling at various locations and events. City staff tabled at six events to promote awareness of the Climate Action Plan Update and encourage engagement. These events allowed direct engagement with the public and provided opportunities for one-on-one discussions about the Climate Action Plan Update. A list of the events attended by city staff is provided in Appendix L. “Pop-Up” Tabling: In addition to tabling at larger community events, city staff more informally tabled at various city facilities and parks. This “pop-up” style was done 10 times across all districts and at different dates and times throughout the week. Like the larger community events described above, this “pop-up” tabling allowed for direct engagement with the public and conversations about the Climate Action Plan Update. A list of the dates and locations of the “pop-up” tabling is provided in Appendix L. Media and Marketing: The city promoted engagement opportunities for the Climate Action Plan Update through various media outlets to reach a broader range of stakeholders. These efforts included social media posts through the City of Carlsbad’s accounts and the San Diego Regional Climate Collaborative’s accounts in October 2023. Two emails were sent through the City Manager weekly email blast to promote participation in the Climate Action Plan process, one in October 2023 and another in November 2023. An article was published in the San Diego Union-Tribune on November 9, 2023, highlighting information about the Climate Action Plan Update and the presentation to the City Council. Additionally, the San Diego Regional Climate Collaborative Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 177 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update 7 provided a direct link to the Phase II survey in their monthly newsletter for November 2023. The media and marketing social media posts and articles are compiled in Appendix M. Additional Comments: The city received other comments via email, which are included in Appendix N. Many of these email comments were sent in direct response to a presentation at the City Council meeting on November 7, 2023, in which an update on the Climate Action Plan Update process was provided to the City Council. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 178 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update 8 Themes from Phase I Public Engagement The themes presented below are a synthesis of comments shared during public engagement activities conducted as part of the first phase of the Climate Action Plan Update and are intended to highlight the range of ideas that were shared. The themes do not necessarily reflect all the ideas and perspectives shared. However, all verbatim responses and meeting summaries are included in the appendices to provide a comprehensive record of all the input gathered. Theme 1: Take Bold Actions. Overall, responses emphasized the importance of prioritizing actions and the need to act now to minimize contributions to global climate change and taking action to protect against potential impacts. The Climate Action Plan Update should prioritize: • Setting aggressive goals (i.e., zero carbon); • Establishing ambitious targets (i.e., near-term emissions reduction); and, • Focusing on implementation, monitoring and reporting. Theme 2: Consider a Range of Actions. All actions to help reduce GHG emissions and address climate impacts should be considered. However, taking action to reduce GHG emissions from transportation and energy should be prioritized since they are the largest sources of emissions. The range of actions is organized by topic area below. Mobility • Creating mobility choices (e.g., public transportation, biking, walking) • Promoting the adoption of electric vehicle (EV) adoption and help provide infrastructure Energy • Advance renewable energy sources • Promote building electrification to reduce reliance on fossil fuels Water • Increase sustainable water sources, including treated wastewater • Promote efforts to reduce the demand for water Solid Waste • Make it easy for homes and businesses to dispose of all different types of solid waste Climate Change Impacts • Wildfire, extreme heat and drought are the climate change impacts of greatest concern • Sea level rise was also an important concern Theme 3: Promote Equity and Public Awareness. The Climate Action Plan Update can help improve quality of life, and equity considerations should be integrated throughout the document. In addition, connecting with individuals can help drive climate action and support implementation. • Integrate equity throughout the Climate Action Plan Update • Help meet the everyday needs of people (i.e., access to housing and jobs) Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 179 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update 9 • Public outreach, education and awareness are essential to achieving success Theme 1: Take Bold Actions Overall, responses emphasized the importance of prioritizing actions and the need to act now to minimize contributions to global climate change and taking action to protect against potential impacts. The Climate Action Plan Update should prioritize: • Setting aggressive goals (i.e., zero carbon); • Establishing ambitious targets (i.e., near-term emissions reduction); and, • Strengthening implementation, monitoring and reporting. Set more aggressive goals and ambitious targets for reducing greenhouse gas emissions: • Climate action is urgent because we are in a climate emergency • Reducing all types of GHGs (vehicle miles traveled, industrial, carbon dioxide, methane, other) • Targets are too low and time too short in every category (e.g., should be 100% zero carbon by 2035) • Set targets higher so there is a margin of safety to ensure the city still reaches GHG reduction targets • Targets should include 5-year benchmarks for monitoring each measure • Prioritize measures with co-benefits • Responsibility, leadership and being proactive are important parts of climate action Strengthen implementation, support ongoing monitoring and include regular reporting to provide transparency and opportunities for adaptive management. • Reporting should occur more frequently (every six months) to allow for appropriate adjustments to the plan • Reporting should include meaningful and measurable data • Implementation cannot be an afterthought; needs to be central to developing the Climate Action Plan • GHG inventories lag, so need to account for data delays • Describe funding needed to implement Climate Action Plan • Technology and individual action should not be the only means to achieving climate action • Climate Action Plan should be integrated with other documents (Habitat Management Plan, sea-level rise planning, Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change report) • The city should use different tools within its power to take climate action (laws, policies, leadership, prioritization, incentives, investment, infrastructure, requirements on development) Theme 2: Consider a Range of Actions All actions to help reduce GHG emissions and address climate impacts should be considered. However, taking action to reduce GHG emissions from transportation and energy should be Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 180 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update 10 prioritized since those are the largest sources of emissions. The range of actions is organized by topic area below. Transportation Providing mobility choices instead of just driving. • Include measures to increase biking and transit use • Stronger mode shift goals (biking, walking and transit) to get to 50% of alternative modes, but may not be realistic • Safe and easy ways to get around without a car • Think about trail network as part of the transportation system • Encourage one day/month of no driving • Bicycle and Pedestrian Master Plan • Complete Streets Policy Biking • The current bike lane design is a hazard • Create separated/safe bike lanes to meet the increase in electric e-bike usage (more Class IV bike lanes) • Create corridors that reduce lanes for cars and increase lanes dedicated to pedestrians and bicyclists. Example: El Camino Real could provide a separate path with full barriers only for bikes, e-bikes, golf carts • Promote biking to work and school • Bike parking, lockers, showers • Make using bikes with public transit easier Public Transportation • Improved rail and bus transit • Prioritize the utilization and popularity of public transportation • Micromobility and transit, especially for employers • Solar powered/electric buses • Acquire modern, efficient public transportation locally (at least a rapid and regular connection with the City of San Diego and San Diego Airport) • Carlsbad should demand the completion of the bullet train project between San Diego and Northern California Promoting the adoption of electric vehicles (EVs) and help provide charging infrastructure. • Charging infrastructure is needed and is important to increasing adoption of EVs o EV chargers everywhere, including existing buildings, COASTER Station parking lots and all city parking lots o Provide incentives for businesses and existing buildings to install EV chargers o Need charging stations to support tourism o Use solar carports Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 181 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update 11 o More affordable/free EV chargers. Charging costs at some locations are inflated or charge by time rather than the electricity used • All city vehicles (including trucks) should be EVs • Prioritize clean electric and hydrogen fuel cell transportation • Electric trash trucks Other Ideas for Clean Transportation • Establish regional mitigation measures to reduce vehicle miles traveled so projects can pay into larger project pools • Build upon the city’s Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Plan/TDM Ordinance, Sustainable Mobility Plan and Charging Station Siting Plan (See Theme 4 for additional comment addressing equity in relation to the EV Charging Station Siting Plan) o Encourage businesses to use electric shuttles from transit centers and reward employees who do so • Transit oriented development: living near transit makes it easy to use • More efforts at traffic calming – fix the traffic light timing, speed bumps, bulb-outs, enhanced crosswalks, create traffic circles – to lower traffic speeds • Smart traffic control systems • Roundabouts can help reduce emissions from idling and acceleration from stop signs. • Reduce vehicle idling through infrastructure and enforcement • School buses can help address emissions associated with opening and closing of schools from driving and idling • Carlsbad/North County needs a hydrogen fueling station Energy Renewable Energy Sources • Achieve 100% renewable energy target through the Clean Energy Alliance • Phasing out natural gas and focusing on all-electric with renewable sources • Promote photovoltaic solar on homes, businesses, all city buildings and as cover for parks, parking, etc., to create shade and generate energy • Provide subsidies/incentives for solar photovoltaics • Upgrade city facilities to Clean Energy Alliance’s Green Impact with 100% renewable energy • Conservation efforts/home energy retrofits • City-owned solar generation • Local renewable energy grid with renewable energy sources • City-owned Green Hydrogen Electrolyzer Hub • Energy storage solutions with rebates for homeowners Building Electrification • Require building electrification for all new construction (no gas hookups) • Retrofit homes with green hydrogen fuel cell production, water and refrigerant heat pumps, solar storage and induction stoves Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 182 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update 12 • Convert municipal buildings to electric • Retrofit existing buildings to electric • Retrofitting should be done equitably • Set timelines if not a specific measure • Adopt an all-electric new construction reach code now; don’t wait for the Climate Action Plan Update • At least one comment was opposed to phasing out natural gas Water Increase sustainable water sources, including treated wastewater and efforts to reduce demand. • Use recycled water as a potable water source (use Encina) • Desalination is way too energy intensive • Increase water efficiency • Get rid of grass lawns • Promote xeriscaping and native landscaping • Continue to invest in new technologies for water and wastewater treatment • Carlsbad has one of the most efficient wastewater facilities and purple pipe program • Work on removing nanoplastics and pharmaceutical toxins • More stormwater pollution awareness and reducing vehicle miles traveled will help decrease car-related stormwater pollution • Develop a water usage report card for homeowners and businesses Solid Waste Make it easy for homes and businesses to dispose of solid waste. • Include a target of 90% waste diversion by 2035 • Promote the goal of zero waste and expand composting, edible food recovery, green waste composting and recycling programs • More events to collect household hazardous waste like paint cans and electronics • Lead by example with organics recycling • Many businesses still only have one trash can • Develop and provide a city organic composting center • Banning plastics by 2030 and incentives to help do so • Education about recycling • Major fines for throwing away hazardous waste • Fee structure should be based on how much you dispose of • State mandates, including solid waste requirements, can have a negative impact on businesses. Other Actions Consider the full range of actions to help reduce GHG emissions and address climate impacts. • Preserve natural unbuilt land/open space Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 183 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update 13 • Reducing the urban heat island effect on roadways and parking lots should be a high priority • Include a tree planning measure / urban forestry plan o Include a specific canopy target between 30-35% • Use green streets/stormwater capture • Consider the role of land use • Create walkable, transit-friendly communities • Increase affordable housing to live near work/jobs • Increase access to park within a half-mile of all residences • Work with the County to address Airport pollution, especially in the community that is most affected • Promote the Carlsbad Green Business Program as part of the Climate Action Plan Update • Integrate carbon sequestration (restoring native habitat) • Account for off-road emissions, such as leaf blowers, in the GHG inventory Climate Change Impacts Wildfire and wildfire smoke, extreme heat and heat waves, and drought were consistently ranked as the climate change impacts of greatest concern. Sea level rise was identified as an important concern for some stakeholders but was not the most important for many others. Storm events and flooding were of the least concern based on the responses received. Figure 1 shows the responses to the online survey by average score of each climate change impact based on the ranking of climate change impacts in each survey response4. Other potential impacts of climate change that were of concern included food supply, biodiversity and habitat loss. In addition, some comments acknowledged that the global nature of climate change impacts is different than the local impacts. 4 Weights are applied in reverse. In other words, the respondent's most preferred choice (which they rank as #1) has the largest weight, and their least preferred choice (which they rank in the last position) has a weight of 1. In this case, the #1 choice has a weight of 6, because it was the first out of 6 options, and the #6 choice has a weight of 1. Average ranking is calculated as follows, where: w = weight of ranked position, x = response count for answer choice and: 1w1 + x2w2 + x3w3 ... xnwn ----------------------- Total response count Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 184 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update 14 Theme 3: Promote Equity and Public Awareness The Climate Action Plan Update can help improve quality of life, and equity should be integrated throughout the document. In addition, connecting with more people can help drive climate action by individuals. Integrate equity throughout the Climate Action Plan Update. • Work with underrepresented communities • Help meet the everyday needs of people • Link housing and jobs with sustainable transportation options • Low-income communities are most likely to be impacted by climate change • Protect vulnerable communities and adapt to the impacts of climate change • The City of Oakland’s Climate Action Plan has equity in the title • Every section in the Climate Action Plan should have an equity component • Create a Climate Equity Index (like the Cities of San Diego and Chula Vista); if not, use CalEnviroScreen • Consider subsidies for low-income households to increase solar, e-bikes & hybrid vehicles • Increase access to microgrids in lower income areas • Assess the impacts of Climate Action Plan measures by neighborhood • Improved air quality benefits everyone • Prioritize underrepresented communities in the EV siting plan • Relieve multi-family housing projects with at least 20 percent affordable units from Climate Action Plan requirements • Job transition programs for workers in the fossil fuel industry, we must also create a pathway for jobs in environmental justice communities • Carlsbad is generally a very wealthy place, so planning regionally so that cities like Oceanside, Vista and San Marcos can learn from our steps in the right direction • The city should have an inclusionary housing ordinance (with a 10 to 15 percent requirement) 0 0.5 1 1.5 2 2.5 3 3.5 4 4.5 5 Wildfire and wildfire smoke Extreme heat and heat waves Drought Sea level rise Storm events and flooding Other Av e r a g e R a n k i n g 3 Figure 1. Climate Change Impacts of Most Concern Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 185 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update 15 • More equitable land use policies will be the most impactful • Concerns about displacement as buildings are upgraded to meet Climate Action Plan goals • Make incentives easy and free of barriers so everyone can take advantage • Provide information in Spanish to make programs accessible to all Public outreach, education and increased awareness are essential to achieving success. • Ask citizens within the community how the Climate Action Plan Update would impact their daily lives • More education and community engagement • Educate on what an individual can do and reinforce with kudos • We are the problem and need to be part of the solution • More specific engagement of employers • Create and then hire a climate communication and engagement position to ensure better community engagement • Communicate through multiple methods • Create a Sustainability Commission that reports to City Council • Create a Spare the Air Program (like Bay Area Air Quality Management District’s) for days when air quality is expected to be unhealthy to educate residents about air pollution and encourage actions to improve air quality The Climate Action Plan Update provides an opportunity to modernize the document to connect with more people. • The Climate Action Plan is lengthy and not approachable for laypeople • Improve readability, remove jargon and make it more interesting, compel people to act • Provide a one or two-page snapshot of the Climate Action Plan • Educational links help make it more readable • Emphasize the need for urgent action • Get rid of soft verbs within measures like “promote” and “encourage” • Provide more educational information on how individuals can help with their own actions Themes from Phase II Public Engagement Many of the themes and sub-themes that emerged from the second phase of public engagement mirrored those reflected in the first phase, emphasizing some of the most important priorities for the community. These themes and sub-themes are presented in the list below, but for the sake of brevity and to avoid redundancy, many of the more specific details are not repeated here (see Themes from Phase I Public Engagement for more context): • Theme 1: Take Bold Actions o Setting aggressive goals (i.e., zero carbon) o Establishing ambitious targets (i.e., near-term emissions reduction) o Strengthening implementation, monitoring and reporting • Theme 2: Consider a Range of Actions Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 186 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update 16 o Providing mobility choices instead of just driving o Promoting the adoption of EVs and help provide charging infrastructure o Renewable energy sources o Building electrification • Theme 3: Promote Equity and Public Awareness o Integrate equity throughout the Climate Action Plan Update o Public outreach, education and awareness are essential to achieving success In addition to these themes and sub-themes that were reflective of those established in Phase I, the additional list below identifies some of the more specific, notable ideas that were prominent across Phase II. It should be noted that this list does not nearly reflect the entirety of input received but includes ideas that were notably repeated in several instances. It should also be noted that though certain ideas had broad, general support, there were some instances where concerns were expressed too (e.g., electric vehicles and building electrification). • Electrification/decarbonization of new and existing buildings • Increased focus on transportation demand management (TDM) strategies • Sustainable transportation and land use planning (e.g., traffic calming measures, mixed-use development, creating jobs where people live) • Electric vehicles and charging infrastructure • Public support/education is needed (e.g., on climate/sustainability topics) for successful implementation • Tree planting for a variety of benefits; green/natural infrastructure • More aggressive/ambitious GHG reduction goals/targets • Establishing clear, interim benchmarks for implementation • Strong emphasis on municipal operations (i.e., the city should “walk the walk”) • Focused efforts on priority actions with the highest GHG reduction potential (e.g., buildings, transportation) The themes, sub-themes and ideas presented above are a synthesis of comments shared during Phase II of public engagement and are intended to provide a snapshot of the type of feedback received. They do not necessarily reflect all the ideas and perspectives shared. However, all verbatim responses and meeting summaries are included in the appendices to provide a comprehensive record of all the input gathered. How Input was Incorporated into Climate Action Plan Update Phase I input was used to develop the list of potential measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the Climate Action Plan Update. This was done by focusing on the three themes that emerged and input on specific measures. Other considerations when developing the potential measures included: • Leveraging existing city efforts to defray additional costs and staff time as much as possible Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 187 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update 17 • Including successful and applicable measures from the previous Climate Action Plan, as well as greenhouse gas emissions reduction strategies included in state guidance documents • Incorporating input from city staff across all departments so the measures can be implemented; and • Creating reportable measures so the Climate Action Plan Update process is transparent. Phase II input reiterated and amplified the themes identified in Phase I. Several proposed measures reflected these themes and individual comments made through the survey and at public meetings. However, some input focused on how to improve the Climate Action Plan Update. The table below summarizes this input and how these comments were addressed: Phase II public input received How input was addressed Establish clear, interim benchmarks between the 2035 and 2045 target years for transparency and accountability Benchmarks were added into the proposed measures Add in more measures so the total greenhouse gas emissions reductions are higher than the 2045 reduction target Three additional measures were added to the Climate Action Plan Update – two measures proposing updates to the city’s reach code and one measure to install solar PV in city-owned parking lots. Add a measure to install solar PV in city-owned parking lots This was included as a supporting measure during Phase II. Staff moved this from a supporting measure and made it a standalone measure; however, staff were not able to calculate greenhouse gas emissions for this measure. This measure would require an analysis of how many parking lots would be suitable for solar PV and how large these systems could be; once this analysis is complete, a reduction calculation could be added to the Climate Action Plan Update. Add a measure banning artificial turf within the city Staff had analyzed this as a potential measure after reviewing Phase I public input. It was deemed infeasible then since there were no greenhouse gas reductions associated with the action. After Phase II concluded, staff re- analyzed this measure. Not only did it lack emissions reductions, but the cost to replace artificial turf was extremely high. Because of this combination, staff did not include it in the Climate Action Plan Update. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 188 of 637 18 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update Conclusion The city made a concerted effort to engage the community throughout the Climate Action Plan Update development process between January 2022 and November 2023. The city utilized numerous strategies to reach many different types of stakeholders, and as such was able to solicit input and comments from various perspectives. Input and comments received during public engagement for Phase I of engagement were reviewed and considered by the city and informed the tone and approach for preparation of the Climate Action Plan Update. The feedback on GHG reduction measures and key community priorities received in Phase I and II were incorporated, as appropriate, into the GHG reduction measures to be included in the Public Draft Climate Action Plan Update. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 189 of 637 Summary of Phase I Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update A-1 Appendix A – Stakeholder Contact List A list of all stakeholders that were contacted by the city and invited to participate in stakeholder interviews and complete the online survey is included in the subsequent pages. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 190 of 637 Name Organization Stakeholder Group Date(s) E‐Mailed Response? Follow‐Up Meeting? Date + Type of Follow‐Up Meeting Judy Frankel Bike Walk Carlsbad Bike/Pedestrian 3/7/2022; 3/9/2022 No N/A N/A Cindy Cremona Bike Walk Carlsbad Bike/Pedestrian 3/9/2022 No N/A N/A Nicole Burgess Bike Walk Carlsbad Bike/Pedestrian 3/9/2022 No N/A N/A Michael von Neumann Bike Walk Carlsbad Bike/Pedestrian 3/9/2022 Yes No; declined N/A Michell Thitathan Bike Walk Carlsbad Bike/Pedestrian 3/9/2022 No N/A N/A Colin Parent Circulate San Diego Bike/Pedestrian 3/7/2022; 3/14/2022 Yes Forwarded to below N/A Dara Braitman Circulate San Diego Bike/Pedestrian 3/14/2022; 5/5/2022 Yes No; providing written comments pending review N/A Andy Hanshaw San Diego County Bicycle Coalition Bike/Pedestrian 3/3/2022 No Yes 3/9/2022; Zoom Will Rhatigan San Diego County Bicycle Coalition Bike/Pedestrian 3/3/2022 Yes Yes 3/9/2022; Zoom Norval Lyon North County Cycle Club Bike/Pedestrian 3/7/2022 Yes Forwarded to below N/A Ken Chin‐Purcell North County Cycle Club Bike/Pedestrian 3/9/2022; 5/5/2022 Yes Pending CAP review N/A NOT IN MASTER SHEET Bike the Coast San Diego Bike/Pedestrian 3/7/2022; 3/14/2022 No N/A N/A NOT IN MASTER SHEET Celo Pacific Bicycle Racing Team Bike/Pedestrian 3/7/2022 UNDELIVERED N/A N/A Christine Davis Carlsbad Village Association Business Association 3/3/2022; 3/11/2022; 5/5/2022 Yes Pending CAP review N/A Tommy Thompson North County SD Association of Realtors Business Association 3/3/2022; 3/11/2022 No N/A N/A Debra Rosen North San Diego Business Chamber Business Association 3/3/2022; 3/11/2022 No N/A N/A W. Erik Bruvold San Diego North Economic Developmet Council Business Association 3/3/2022; 3/11/2022; 5/5/2022 Yes Pending CAP review N/A Mark Cafferty San Diego Regional Economic Development Corporation Business Association 3/3/2022; 3/11/2022 No N/A N/A Brett Schanzenbach Carlsbad Chamber of Commerce Business Association 3/3/2022; 3/11/2022 Yes Yes 3/24/2022; Zoom Deborah Mossa Batiquitos Lagoon Foundation Environmental 3/7/2022; 3/14/2022 No N/A N/A Don Rideout Carlsbad Watershed Network Environmental 3/7/2022; 3/14/202 UNDELIVERED N/A N/A Diane Nygaard Preserve Calavera Environmental 3/3/2022 Yes Yes 3/28/2022; Zoom Natalie Shapiro Buena Vista Audubon Society Environmental 3/7/2022; 3/14/2022 No No; other BVAS member attended a meeting N/A Ron Wooton Buena Vista Lagoon Society Environmental 3/7/2022; 3/14/202 UNDELIVERED N/A N/A Lisa Cannon‐Rodman Agua Hedionda Lagoon Foundation Environmental 3/7/2022; 3/14/2022 Yes No; will complete survey N/A Travis Kemnitz SD Audobon Society Environmental 3/9/2022; 3/17/2022 Yes No; will complete survey N/A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 191 of 637 Name Organization Stakeholder Group Date(s) E‐Mailed Response? Follow‐Up Meeting? Date + Type of Follow‐Up Meeting Lee Carlsbad Community Gardens Collaborative Environmental 3/9/2022; 3/17/2022 No N/A N/A Mitch Silverstein Surfrider Environmental 3/3/2022; 5/5/2022 Yes Pending CAP review N/A Matt O'Malley SD Coastkeeper Environmental 3/9/2022; 3/17/2022 No N/A N/A Steve Morris I Love a Clean San Diego Environmental 3/9/2022; 5/4/2022 Yes No; will complete survey N/A Kathleen Friends of Cardiff & Carlsbad State Beaches Environmental 3/7/2022 UNDELIVERED N/A N/A Dee Dee Flynn Friends of Cardiff & Carlsbad State Beaches Environmental 3/9/2022 No N/A N/A John Hamilton Friends of Cardiff & Carlsbad State Beaches Environmental 3/9/2022 No N/A N/A Stephen Flynn Friends of Cardiff & Carlsbad State Beaches Environmental 3/9/2022 No No; completed survey N/A Karl Adlinger Sierra Club Environmental 3/2/2022 Yes Yes 3/10/2022; Zoom Madison Coleman Climate Action Campaign Environmental 3/2/2022 Yes Yes 3/9/2022; Zoom Masada Disenhouse SD 350 Environmental 3/9/2022; 3/17/2022 Yes Forwarded to below N/A Anne Sheridan SD 350 Environmental 3/17/2022 Yes Yes 3/23/2022; Zoom Livia Borak Coast Law Group Environmental 3/9/2022; 3/17/2022 No N/A N/A Marco Gonzalez Coastal Environmental Rights Foundation Environmental 3/9/2022; 3/17/2022 No N/A N/A Howard Krausz North County Advocates Environmental 3/28/2022 Yes Yes (Diane Nygaard invited)3/28/2022; Zoom Jay Klopfenstein Carlsbad Community Gardens Collaborative Environmental 4/13/2021 Completed survey N/A N/A Ellen Bartlett Preserve Calavera Environmental N/A N/A Yes: Diane Nygaard invited 3/28/2022; Zoom Joan Herskowitz Buena Vista Audubon Society Environmental N/A N/A Yes; Diane Nygaard Invited 3/28/2022; Zoom Paige DeCino Sierra Club Environmental 3/2/2022 Yes Yes 3/10/2022; Zoom Simon Freedman Sierra Club Environmental 3/2/2022 Yes Yes 3/10/2022; Zoom Mike McMahon Sierra Club Environmental 3/2/2022 Yes Yes 3/10/2022; Zoom Sarah Stay Cool 4 Grandkids Environmental / Underrepresented 3/9/2022 Yes No; declined, but will complete survey N/A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 192 of 637 Name Organization Stakeholder Group Date(s) E‐Mailed Response? Follow‐Up Meeting? Date + Type of Follow‐Up Meeting Suzanne Hume Clean Earth 4 Kids Environmental / Underrepresented 4/7/2022; 4/14/2022 No N/A N/A Matthew Adams Building Industry Association San Diego Industry Association 3/3/2022; 3/11/2022 No N/A N/A Kelly Batten Building Industry Association San Diego Industry Association 5/5/2022; 5/12/2022 Yes Yes 5/16/2022; Zoom Nate Fairman IBEW 465 Industry Association 5/5/2022; 5/31/2022 Yes No; will complete survey N/A Craig Bendetto SD Building Owners & Managers; NAIOP SD Industry Association 5/5/2022 Yes Yes 5/16/2022; phone call ‐ Craig setting up presentation Genevieve Black Woman's Club of Carlsbad Underrepresented 4/13/2022; 5/11/2022 No N/A N/A Linda Kurokawa Mira Costa College Community Education and Workforce Development Underrepresented 4/13/2022; 5/5/2022 No N/A N/A Kristen Huyck Mira Costa College Community Education and Workforce Development Underrepresented 4/13/2022; 5/5/2022 No N/A N/A NOT IN MASTER SHEET North San Diego County NAACP Underrepresented 4/13/2022; 5/5/2022 No N/A N/A Yusef Miller North County Equity and Justice Coalition Underrepresented 4/13/2022; 5/5/2022; 5/12/2022 (call) Yes ‐ also represents Clean Earth 4 Kids and North SD County NAACP No; declined, but will complete survey N/A Max North County LGBTQ Resource Center Underrepresented 4/13/2022; 5/5/2022 Yes No; declined N/A Marylynn McCorkle Alliance for Regional Solutions Underrepresented 4/13/2022; 5/5/2022; 5/11/2022 (web form)No N/A N/A Craig Jones Alliance for Regional Solutions Underrepresented 5/18/2022; 5/26/2022 Yes No; completed survey N/A Carmen Mojado Saving Sacred Sites / San Luis Rey Band of Mission Indians Underrepresented 4/13/2022; 5/5/2022 No N/A N/A Valerie A. Gómez Mexican‐American National Association Underrepresented 4/13/2022; 5/5/2022 No N/A N/A Aly Vredenburgh (president)Carlsbad Equality Coalition Underrepresented 4/13/2022; 5/5/2022; 5/12/2022 (web form)Yes No; will complete survey N/A Graciela Gutierrez North County Lifeline Underrepresented 4/13/2022; 5/5/2022 No N/A N/A Cheryl Madrigal Rincon Band of Luiseño Indians Underrepresented 4/13/2022; 5/5/2022 Yes; submitted letter Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 193 of 637 Name Organization Stakeholder Group Date(s) E‐Mailed Response? Follow‐Up Meeting? Date + Type of Follow‐Up Meeting Tina Jimenez Torres Martinez Desert Cahuuilla Indians Underrepresented 4/13/2022; 5/5/2022 No N/A N/A Jesse Morales, Acting Chairman Mesa Grande Band of Diegueno Mission Indians Underrepresented 4/13/2022; 5/5/2022 No N/A N/A Norma M. Contreras La Jolla Band of Luiseño Indians Underrepresented 4/13/2022; 5/5/2022 No N/A N/A KC Krause N/A N/A N/A Completed survey N/A N/A Daniel McLoughlin N/A N/A N/A Completed survey N/A N/A Bruce Olson N/A N/A N/A Completed survey N/A N/A Katrina Olson N/A N/A N/A Completed survey N/A N/A Vanessa Marshall Interfaith Community Services Underrepresented 4/13/2022; 5/5/2022 No N/A N/A Mary Ferro Interfaith Community Services Underrepresented 5/11/2022; 5/18/2022; web form No N/A N/A Sierra Lambert, Zoe Goldstein Carlsbad Cleanup Crew (student group) Underrepresented / Environmental 4/7/2022; 4/14/2022; 5/5/2022 Yes No; will copmlete survey N/A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 194 of 637 Summary of Phase I Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update B-1 Appendix B – Stakeholder Interviews The table below documents the stakeholder interviews that were conducted as part of the CAP. Detailed notes are included in subsequent pages. Table A-1. Stakeholder Interviews Conducted for the CAP Update Date Stakeholder Participants March 9, 2022 Madison Coleman, Climate Action Campaign March 9, 2022 Will Rhatigan, San Diego County Bicycle Coalition March 10, 2022 Mike McMahon, Sierra Club Paige DeCino, Sierra Club Karl Aldinger, Sierra Club Simon Freedman, Sierra Club March 23, 2022 Anne Sheridan, SanDiego350 March 24, 2022 Bret Schanzenbach, Carlsbad Chamber of Commerce March 28, 2022 Diane Nygaard, Preserve Calavera Howard Krausz, North County Advocates Joan Herskowitz, Buena Vista Audubon Society Ellen Bartlett, Preserve Calavera May 16, 2022 Kelly Batten, BIA SD Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 195 of 637 MEETING SUMMARY Carlsbad CAP Update Outreach Climate Action Campaign Wednesday, March 9, 9 to 10 a.m. Zoom (Virtual) Attendees Katie Hentrich, City of Carlsbad Jamie Wood, City of Carlsbad Poonam Boparai, Ascent Environmental Madison Coleman, Climate Action Campaign Serena Schlosser, City of Carlsbad Meeting Goal: Initial stakeholder outreach for CAP Update. 1. What does climate action mean to you? Center equity; zero carbon future; holistic; reaching out to CoCs in Carlsbad; people just want clean air and streets to bike and walk to their jobs and community benefits/grocery stores; don’t want to be stuck in heat islands 2. What climate change impacts are you most concerned about? Sea level rise; extreme heat and heat waves; wildfire and wildfire smoke; storm events and flooding; drought; other Wildfire; heat; TPAs 3. What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? 100% renewable energy with CEA; charging station siting plan (but can add to language to prioritize adding charging to CoCs); TDM plan; Sustainable Mobility Plan 4. What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? adding 5 year benchmarks for monitoring for each reduction measure; equity throughout each measure (Oakland’s CAP has equity in the title); just transition plan for workers for zero carbon shift; stronger mode shift goals (biking, walking, and transit) to cumulate to 50% but not realistic for a lot of jurisdictions 5. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? mode shift goals (see above); 100% municipal fleet to ZEVs; bicycle/pedestrian master plan; Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 196 of 637 {city of Carlsbad Complete Streets policy 6. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? already committed to CEA and 100% renewable energy; ordinance for all new construction to be all electric; equitable retrofit measures; all electric municipal buildings by 2035 to align with State goals 7. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote water and wastewater? Why? ordinances for water conservation for all buildings; setting a target is good but an ordinance is more significant; reducing water/wastewater/recycled water supply emissions already exists but ordinance would strengthen 8. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? specific target of 90% waste diversion by 2035; eliminate or significantly reduce single use plastics (e.g., Vista); divert organic and food waste through best use strategies; edible food recovery 9. What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equally in Carlsbad? every section in the CAP should have an equity component; create a Climate Equity Index (like SD and CV); if not, using CalEnviroScreen as much as possible when developing policies and plans; prioritizing smart growth and affordable housing near job centers and transit; inclusionary housing ordinance (SD ordinance is 4% currently – want between 10-15% for all new development over a certain amount of units); outreach to specific stakeholders consistently 10. What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? green infrastructure (tree canopy percentage target – SD is 35%, want between 30-35%); holistic urban forestry plan / green streets / stormwater capture; food systems (climate smart food production and carbon smart farming practices – locally sourced foods) 11. Any other questions or comments? CAC will be sending multiple letters throughout the process; draft report card coming soon Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 197 of 637 MEETING SUMMARY Carlsbad CAP Update Outreach San Diego County Bicycle Coalition Wednesday, March 9, 2 to 3 p.m. Zoom (Virtual) Attendees Katie Hentrich, City of Carlsbad Will Rhatigan, San Diego County Bicycle Coalition Meeting Goal: Initial stakeholder outreach for CAP Update. 1. What does climate action mean to you? Reducing GHG emissions; climate justice (links to housing and mobility justice); allowing people to live without a car; making sure consequences of climate action are benefitting everyone equitably 2. What climate change impacts are you most concerned about? Please rank in order from most concerned to least concerned. Sea level rise; extreme heat and heat waves; wildfire and wildfire smoke; storm events and flooding; drought; other Wildfire; extreme heat; SLR (more globally); crop failure (globally) 3. What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? “realistically, most of it”; a lot of short-term emissions measures of what already exists in Carlsbad; “I don’t see anything I’d remove” 4. What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? building on existing CAP; “a plan to actually transform Carlsbad into a sustainable city”; Carlsbad is sprawling and car dependent city that is extremely unaffordable for people; walkable, transit- friendly, increased affordable housing to live and work near jobs 5. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? implementing bicycle master plan; existing master plan does not have a lot of Class 4 bikeways; upgrade Class 2 to Class 4 wherever possible (Class 2 is majority of what’s planned for in master Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 198 of 637 {city of Carlsbad plan, but plan to upgrade to buffered Class 2); don’t want to slow down implementation of master plan but can look at opportunities to upgrade to Class 4 while installing on project by project basis Pedestrian accessibility; traffic calming (speed bumps, bulb outs, etc); street lighting and shade trees along pedestrian routes; enhanced crosswalks; does Carlsbad have a sidewalk master plan? Is it in the Sustainable Mobility Plan? Yes! Increasing transit service in Carlsbad (Coaster, SPRINTER) 6. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? N/A 7. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote water and wastewater? Why? N/A 8. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? N/A 9. What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equitably in Carlsbad? existing programs aren’t super linked to transportation; more equitable land use policies in CAP Update, will be the most impactful to change behaviors and get people out of cars; eliminate new sprawl and development (VMT fees?); “Carlsbad can grow if it allows itself to” but focus growth that’s accessible to transit and have huge emphasis on walkability and bike-ability; “what’s missing most in Carlsbad is the mixed use factor”; updating the zoning code to allow for greater mixed use projects; more housing units can help with affordability; “my one pet peeve is parking minimums”, certain # of parking units are mandated and changing those minimums will help to reduce VMT, abolish parking minimums at TPAs or ban citywide; opposing parking maximums at TPAs (e.g., Carlsbad Village) aka building unnecessary parking in developments 10. What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? current CAP’s emphasis is heavier on vehicle electrification, which is great; should be one component of a greater strategy to reduce transportation emissions; EVs still have emissions associated with them that are higher than biking or walking and also has resource bottlenecks with production side; shouldn’t be a substitute to getting people out of their cars entirely Mode share data; commuter incentive program (definitely for City employees and ways to provide incentives) – layer on top of existing TDM ordinance Bike parking, lockers, showers, etc., bikes on busses 11. Any other questions or comments? Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 199 of 637 MEETING SUMMARY Carlsbad CAP Update Outreach Sierra Club Thursday, March 10, 1:30 to 2:30 p.m. Zoom (Virtual) Attendees Katie Hentrich, City of Carlsbad Jamie Wood, City of Carlsbad Poonam Boparai, Ascent Environmental Mike McMahon, Sierra Club Paige DeCino, Sierra Club Karl Aldinger, Sierra Club Simon Freedman, Sierra Club Meeting Goal: Initial stakeholder outreach for CAP Update. 1. What does climate action mean to you? Decarbonizing; limit emissions as quickly as possible to zero; mitigate emissions that we have so far as much as we can; transformational shift away from fossil fuels to renewable energy as quickly as reasonably possible; knowing that we have a climate emergency and having a CAP that measures our progress 2. What climate change impacts are you most concerned about? Please rank in order from most concerned to least concerned. Sea level rise; extreme heat and heat waves; wildfire and wildfire smoke; storm events and flooding; drought; other Agricultural food supplies; loss of biodiversity and habitat; overall tipping point is more of a concern (global tipping point); continuing pumping of poisonous foods into the air; ocean plastics; reaching 1.5 centigrade tipping point, not backing away from Second most concern – impacts to droughts and the water supply (human and habitat) Failure to address in reasonable amount of time means rush to address it at a later point will be chaotic and poorly done. Setting self up badly for disarray of reactionary changes 3. What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? CEA/CCA; Measure B (commercial and industrial PV) but augment to include building electrification; Measure L (ZEV miles traveled) because transportation emissions are biggest contributor; TDM ordinance – upgrading bike lanes because of boom of electric bike usage, tricky to put TDM onto the backs of employers only since mode shift is larger than workforce, may still be a need for SOVs within the timeframe of this CAP but should not be the only thing considered (e.g., micromobility and transit); large commercial/industrial uses don’t use their large real estate most effectively and Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 200 of 637 {city of Carlsbad now with COVID some of those office parks are no longer being used effectively – can land use shifts be addressed within the CAP? 4. What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? get rid of soft verbs like “promote” and “encourage”; such a lag between getting the GHG inventories and so we need to be aggressive to account for data delays; “toothless tiger approach”; new construction should be all electric to mirror other jurisdictions; account for off-road emissions such as leafblowers; improve readability, remove jargon and make it more interesting, compel people to want to take action; 100% clean energy target, use CEA to make that happen; converting existing building to electric – may not be specific measures for how to do that in the CAP but maybe setting timelines 5. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? electrify city fleet faster – no need to buy PHEV anymore, set up a rebate program (Simon’s e-mail); improve bike infrastructure; increase charging infrastructure (e.g., charging corridor along the 78); 101 bike lane improvements from Palomar Airport Road to Tamarack; increase mode share; EVs will be hard to make towards 2050 as we strive towards zero carbon goals; TDM has too high of a threshold for businesses (is there any follow up with how businesses are implementing their TDM plans?) 6. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? building electrification; 100% clean energy; switch default for CEA customers into the 100% clean energy; educate rooftop solar customers that they can opt up to 100% clean energy; municipal services should opt up to 100% clean energy; advancement of distributed renewable energy in the city (through Carlsbad’s board seat at CEA) versus procuring from other locations; check MW goals for solar installation; add commitments to energy storage; rebates for homeowners to install storage; info on how residents can replace appliances with electric (rebates); pilot program to work with CEA to have electricians respond to home electrification requests (existing buildings) 7. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote water and wastewater? Why? educating the public better about stormwater pollution; better job monitoring; water conservation; drought tolerant landscaping; policing process for water users (or promoting water savers) 8. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? practice sustainability at home level; promote composting at neighborhood level; shift recycling and trash trucks to electric; do cleaned and properly disposed of recyclables actually get recycled?; France pays for trash that they actually put out (by weight, or if they don’t put out trash cans); increase bulk food options from shop owners; reusable takeout containers Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 201 of 637 9. What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equitably in Carlsbad? always target low-income and vulnerable communities first (e.g., GRID Alternatives to install solar on low-income housing); don’t compel lower income residents to switch over to 100% clean electricity as quickly; rebates for EVs; understand relationships with landlords to avoid gentrification as buildings are upgraded; careful about how we use incentives and instead make transition to electric easy and available and natural (point of purchase rebate versus income need); senior populations; retrofitting natural gas kitchens for health purposes 10. What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? create a Sustainability Commission; off-road transportation emissions reduction (leaf blowers) – even City staff are using them; lead by example; demand response at the city level 11. Any other questions or comments? Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 202 of 637 MEETING SUMMARY Carlsbad CAP Update Outreach SanDiego350 Wednesday, March 23, 9:30 to 10:30 a.m. Zoom (Virtual) Attendees Katie Hentrich, City of Carlsbad Jamie Wood, City of Carlsbad Matt Gelbman, Ascent Environmental Anne Sheridan, SanDiego350 Meeting Goal: Initial stakeholder outreach for CAP Update. 1. What does climate action mean to you? What are the actions that the city can take that are in its jurisdiction both structurally and to encourage individual change; the trickier part is individual behavior 2. What climate change impacts are you most concerned about? Please rank in order from most concerned to least concerned. Sea level rise; extreme heat and heat waves; wildfire and wildfire smoke; storm events and flooding; drought; other Personally – ability to produce food; city/regionally – sea level rise, wildfire 3. What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Building electrification; transportation 4. What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Building electrification; implementation can not be an afterthought and needs to be central to development of the CAP – what’s the goal, can there be more calculations between 2035/2045 and present? annual reporting 5. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? Focusing on VMT and reducing VMT; public transportation and transit; mode share targets; increasing EV usage (municipal especially) Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 203 of 637 {city of Carlsbad 6. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? Building electrification; incentivizing retrofits; plan for retrofitting existing building; commit to 100% renewable energy for municipal operations; require rooftop solar for commercial to reach 85% of load; require rooftop solar for schools/city buildings/nonprofits 7. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote water and wastewater? Why? treating wastewater and methane recapture; use less; rain collection/rain barrel program 8. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? municipal zero waste plan; SB 1383 compliance; edible food recovery 9. What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equitably in Carlsbad? definitely a concern; include CoCs in outreach; public health and pollution and how those are connected and how the CAP can address that issue; Climate Equity Index (like SD or CV); how will jobs be impacted by different measures 10. What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? zero carbon goal; is there funding to implement and can that be described?, better communication within and across departments 11. Any other questions or comments? good CAPs – latest City of SD CAP (but needs more with implementation), also includes a big gap related to future technology but doesn’t identify what it is or how the reductions could be met; County’s Regional Decarbonization Framework menu of options; don’t rely too much on unknowns Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 204 of 637 MEETING SUMMARY Carlsbad CAP Update Outreach Carlsbad Chamber of Commerce Thursday, March 24, 11 a.m. to 12 p.m. Zoom (Virtual) Attendees Katie Hentrich, City of Carlsbad Jamie Wood, City of Carlsbad Matt Sanford, City of Carlsbad Bret Schanzenbach, Carlsbad Chamber of Commerce Meeting Goal: Initial stakeholder outreach for CAP Update. 1. What does climate action mean to you? Approach to try and reduce greenhouse gases within a given jurisdiction by a variety of means; proactive means environmentally; like planting more trees to absorb climate impacts and carbon dioxide; reducing carbon dioxide emissions; finding ways to incentivize people to use less 2. What climate change impacts are you most concerned about? Please rank in order from most concerned to least concerned. Sea level rise; extreme heat and heat waves; wildfire and wildfire smoke; storm events and flooding; drought; other Fires and Santa Ana’s; there used to be a “fire season” and there’s no such thing as a fire season anymore, there is an ever-present threat of fire; there’s just no seasonality anymore and it is a constant threat; always just one bad rainy season away from another drought and any given drought could turn into an extended drought, you have no idea how long it is going to last; we are a coastal community and sea level rise makes sense 3. What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Not sure I know it well enough to speak authoritatively enough; it is really important to have proactive measures like “how many more trees do we want to have in our community” since trees can help beautify and reduce carbon emissions; government has set aggressive goal with electric cars; until charging infrastructure gets more robust then there’s no incentive to drive EVs; incentivize businesses to install EV charging stations since there are only so many new developments that will be built, incentivizing with existing buildings; the more chargers are available the easier it is to adopt; want people coming from elsewhere for tourism to be able to charge 4. What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 205 of 637 {city of Carlsbad tree planting measure; existing building charging infrastructure (as mentioned above); EV charging in Coaster station parking lot 5. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? EV charging infrastructure; start the Carlsbad Connector again, making transit convenient and building out first mile last mile connections from transit stations to business park areas; better bike infrastructure and making sure it is thought through and safe and more separate than what they are now, there could be times where removing parking to install better bike lanes could occur because there theoretically would be a little less need for parking for automobiles; still very poor mass transit to Palomar Airport Corridor, Legoland is huge and majority of its employees should be able to take mass transit to work 6. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? looking at city facilities where solar could be added and where practical; CEA and being greener in how we procure energy; incentivize existing buildings to install solar (discounts on business license fees for a period of time if they go solar) 7. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote water and wastewater? Why? the desalination plant is great; Oceanside just opened a recycling water facility; how to reuse water that we already have in our system? Like growing out purple pipe network; no ideas for stormwater 8. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? food recycling and recovery via SB 1383; a lot of education around the “why” of food recycling because it is such a change in behaviors and want to capture the full benefit of it; businesses will be the biggest consumers of it and have the biggest incentives to do it correctly, but residents should be doing it as well to support the impact; it’s uncomfortable to go places that don’t have the same mentality that we do 9. What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equitably in Carlsbad? translating things into Spanish or other languages to make any programs that we do accessible 10. What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? Carlsbad Green Business Network should get more marketing attention so more businesses are aware of it, there are a lot of businesses that would want their name associated with those practices; capture promotion of this in the plan 11. Any other questions or comments? None Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 206 of 637 MEETING SUMMARY Carlsbad CAP Update Outreach Preserve Calavera / North County Advocates / Buena Vista Audubon Society Monday, March 28, 11 a.m. to 12 p.m. Zoom (Virtual) Attendees Katie Hentrich, City of Carlsbad Jamie Wood, City of Carlsbad Poonam Boparai, Ascent Environmental Diane Nygaard, Preserve Calavera Howard Krausz, North County Advocates Joan Herskowitz, Buena Vista Audubon Society Ellen Bartlett, Preserve Calavera Meeting Goal: Initial stakeholder outreach for CAP Update. 1. What does climate action mean to you? skip 2. What climate change impacts are you most concerned about? Please rank in order from most concerned to least concerned. Sea level rise; extreme heat and heat waves; wildfire and wildfire smoke; storm events and flooding; drought; other skip 3. What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Annual reporting is important to keep but ones without updated data (like inventories) is less impactful than ones that do (like with SANDAG snapshot); make sure measures have meaningful and measurable data but still isn’t excessively costly 4. What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Prioritize measures with co-benefits and balancing costs of implementation; the CAP isn’t a standalone document for the City and is integrated with other environmental documents (HMP needs updates to incorporate adaptive management); interrelated with sea level rise documents and the triggers included, IPCC report released and results are alarming; set targets higher so margin of safety of not hitting reduction targets can accommodate GHG reductions to help with climate change impacts Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 207 of 637 {city of Carlsbad Electrification; CCE still figuring out programs but City can coordinate and can be a driver for things like energy retrofit programs for existing buildings; good focused locally produced research about how to get “biggest bang for the buck” for reduction measures; capture mitigation from projects (locally and not elsewhere in state or country) Adaptive management and building in a system of how things are changing and triggers can push city towards next level of action (without having to do a full CAP update) – baseline assumptions assume CA fleet mix (assume State and federal legislation won’t be as successful?) will be very high so an example could be to build in something related to EV measures as stopgaps if fleet conversion isn’t as high as anticipated 5. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? TDM ordinance (e.g., Aldea project was conditioned to have a TDM program but then TDM wasn’t needed); Marja Acres had a similar issue (poorly written and no monitoring enforcement, no assurance there will be any TDM improvements); monitoring and follow-up for TDM ordinance needs to be more involved to show trip reductions, thresholds need to be lower; mode share/split and increasing bicycle infrastructure outside of the downtown/Village area, strategic programs to capture data with large employers; Carlsbad Connector was a good program but needs some tweaking; undergrounding the railroad tracks through Carlsbad – transportation dollars would be better spent elsewhere and undergrounding doesn’t reduce GHGs; strategically implementing public transit; parking management as another strategy to change mode split and further integrate with other city documents Increase usage of EVs, city needs to do “everything possible” to encourage people to use EVs and to charge them; municipal charging for employees; need to have inexpensively generated electricity available, have both “carrots” and “sticks”, uniform system for charging at parking lots; charging stations for delivery vans or encouraging delivery services to go electric 6. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? electrification; CEA; energy retrofits for existing buildings (cost factor to scale that up) 7. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote water and wastewater? Why? Carlsbad has the benefit of the very high energy water production from the desal plant; integrating so how energy to clean and transport water becomes a more important part of the decision making; percentage of municipal operations is still a relatively small percent and water is a small percent of that; always looks good for public agencies to be leaders; water conservation programs were seemingly effective; will have to depend more and more on recycled water in the future; new construction for higher density buildings can lead to problems with water usage if the tenants aren’t paying for the water; mandatory conservation like with previous droughts; xeriscaping and drought tolerant plants; water harvesting/cisterns; lots of restrictions with greywater and reuse and sometimes ordinances can make this more complicated Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 208 of 637 8. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? zero waste; food waste handling and doing so in a way that uses less energy; encouraging backyard composting 9. What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equitably in Carlsbad? EV adoption and charging installation; harder in suburban areas; don’t have groups locally that have good feedback on that; air quality impacts (Holiday Park is next to the freeway); to really do that right it will take some effort Financial incentives for leaf blowers Let the community come up with their own projects; integrate with street planning and water quality improvements/stormwater 10. What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? carbon sequestration (restoring native habitat), can track and show if we are losing or gaining habitat, building in how much sequestration we can have by keeping lands natural and can support adding more natural lands, LIDAR tree canopy study which shows canopy percentage data, tree planting per year is meaningless but percentage of canopy cover is more meaningful (life cycle of trees); where are trees located and are we strategically placing them, add as development criteria to add shade to the buildings and other ped/bike infrastructure; Vista has strong focus on native trees Prohibit gas powered leaf blowers 11. Any other questions or comments? None Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 209 of 637 MEETING SUMMARY Carlsbad CAP Update Outreach Building Industry Association Monday, May 16, 11 a.m. to 12 p.m. Zoom (Virtual) Attendees Katie Hentrich, City of Carlsbad Poonam Boparai, Ascent Environmental Kelly Batten, BIA SD Meeting Goal: Initial stakeholder outreach for CAP Update. 1. What does climate action mean to you? Having a smaller footprint, producing more efficient homes, more fire-safe homes, a lot more technologies have to be installed in homes now, being good stewards of the environment 2. What climate change impacts are you most concerned about? Please rank in order from most concerned to least concerned. Sea level rise; extreme heat and heat waves; wildfire and wildfire smoke; storm events and flooding; drought; other Everything is a lot more cleaner burning now and we should continue on that path, especially with corporations 3. What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Wouldn’t get rid of anything in particular, it’s just a matter of how it’s all regulated. More incentivizing things rather than mandating. Layer on top of existing measures, already going above and beyond, already on a trajectory of making a difference. Want to see how we are doing before making so many substantive changes. Going beyond state standards is where we are most 4. What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Going beyond state standards is where we are most concerned / most issues. Decarbonization is a big one that is new. Some things are fine – we all know we have to add solar now – but it does add costs and housing is already so expensive. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 210 of 637 {city of Carlsbad 5. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? Incentivizing folks to drive EVs, incentivizing builders to have charging stations on site. Right now there is no incentive because it’s not a mitigation factor for VMT. Who is responsible for building all of those charging stations? Cost of installation and maintenance are barriers to builders, also working with whatever utility to pay for the fees associated. Who pays – property owner? Also expensive to purchase the plugs for “EV ready” in homes, supply chain issues to acquire. Challenges for charging in multifamily buildings. 6. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? Electrification makes a small difference, building a trench for all utilities (natural gas and electricity). Electric heat pumps are hard to get. Electric water heaters don’t meet Title 24 requirements. Installing electric tank water heater takes up just as much energy of gas water heater so it’s running all the time to keep that water warm. Supply chain issues to get water heaters and more expensive. Technology is going to continue to improve and we’ll be using less and less as a result. Taking into consideration with all electrification – SDG&E has done a study showing that we don’t have enough electricity to get through the summer (brownouts, blackouts). Adding more electricity to the grid doesn’t help that situation, we’re a little ahead of ourselves in a way. Battery storage needs to get up to par to support the electric load. How do we even keep up with the demand (e.g., electric charging stations for EVs)? Energy resilience coupled with using less in a home (e.g., better windows, better HVAC). 7. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote water and wastewater? Why? see above for water heating. Everything is very water efficient now as far as usage. Some of the codes now for stormwater are almost impossible (e.g., cleaning water for runoff on site and capturing). One of the top things BIA is working on. Specifically related to construction, already codes in state law. Compliance around it delays projects and is costly, looking into managing this better and more realistic to apply. 8. What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? Nothing super specific in the industry for solid waste, infrastructure related. How to work with cities on infill projects – if you’re going to build infill development, the developers responsible for replacing and upgrading sewage and water pipes that may be older. First person to come in and build is responsible for all of the costs (even if there are multiple parcels). Would cities help with that burden or are there federal funds? Not so much of an issue outside of infill. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 211 of 637 9. What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equitably in Carlsbad? retrofitting current buildings. 350 new units a year on average in Carlsbad, so any regulations for new buildings would be a small impact. Incentivizing older homes to be retrofitted will really see more savings. 10. What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? a lot of movement on sidewalks and accessibility to transit, for new homes it’s a matter of incentivizing e-scooters and e-bike charging and EV infrastructure, it’ll be up to SANDAG/NCTD/MTS to get more transit in north county, easier pathways to using transit 11. Any other questions or comments? Reach codes are always an issue. Really concerned about the strain on the grid already. SDG&E presentation was really concerning and way more storage is needed than we already have. Building storage is sometimes not supported by the community and the projects don’t get built. Always reach out. Appreciate a phase in of policies versus an up front mandate, it takes time to change how homes are built. Battery storage and how do you replace them or dispose of them. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 212 of 637 Summary of Phase I Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update C-1 Appendix C – Online Survey Results The online survey questions and a summary of responses are included in subsequent pages. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 213 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 1 / 28 Q1 What does climate action mean to you? Reduce industrial and transportation and other greenhouse effect sources. Q2 What climate change impacts are you more concerned about? Please rank in order from most concerned to least concerned. Sea level rise 3 Extreme heat and heat waves 2 Wildfire and wildfire smoke 1 Storm events and flooding 4 Drought 5 Other 6 Q3 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Respondent skipped this question Q4 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Respondent skipped this question Q5 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? Respondent skipped this question #1 COMPLETECOMPLETE Collector: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Started: Wednesday, March 09, 2022 2:59:52 PM Last Modified: Wednesday, March 09, 2022 3:20:49 PM Time Spent: 00:20:56 IP Address: 104.178.252.176 Page 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 214 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 2 / 28 Q6 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? Respondent skipped this question Q7 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean water and wastewater? Why? Expand and promote private and nonprofit Q8 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? Don’t know Q9 What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equitably in Carlsbad? Not sure Q10 What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? Promote alternative non-polluting options for local transportation. Q11 If you would like to stay informed on the Climate Action Plan Update, please provide your contact information below. Name Stephen Flynn E-Mail Organization Friends of Cardiff and Carlsbad State Beaches Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 215 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 3 / 28 Q1 What does climate action mean to you? Maximizing our future quality of LIFE by minimizing waste and reducing our carbon footprint to zero. Q2 What climate change impacts are you more concerned about? Please rank in order from most concerned to least concerned. Sea level rise 3 Extreme heat and heat waves 5 Wildfire and wildfire smoke 2 Storm events and flooding 4 Drought 1 Other 6 Q3 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Replace fossil fuel use with solar & hybrid vehicles. Q4 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Focus on hybrid vehicles first and then ZEV. 90% of car trips are 40 miles or less & most of the carbon used in ZEV is not in operating it. #2 COMPLETECOMPLETE Collector: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Started: Tuesday, March 15, 2022 10:06:26 AM Last Modified: Tuesday, March 15, 2022 4:45:53 PM Time Spent: 06:39:27 IP Address: 66.75.53.142 Page 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 216 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 4 / 28 Q5 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? Promote hybrid vehicles and safe E-Bike lanes. Q6 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? Solar on all homes. Fossil fuels are more expensive than solar panels now. Q7 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean water and wastewater? Why? Reuse the water like the OC does. Desal is way too energy intensive. Q8 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? Not sure. Q9 What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equitably in Carlsbad? Help lower income homes with solar, E-Bikes & hybrid vehicles. Q10 What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? Focus less on cars & more on E-Bike infrastructure. Q11 If you would like to stay informed on the Climate Action Plan Update, please provide your contact information below. Name KC Krause E-Mail Organization SKRE Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 217 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 5 / 28 Q1 What does climate action mean to you? Requiring projects to do what they reasonably can to minimize VMT and GHG emissions. Q2 What climate change impacts are you more concerned about? Please rank in order from most concerned to least concerned. Sea level rise 2 Extreme heat and heat waves 4 Wildfire and wildfire smoke 5 Storm events and flooding 3 Drought 1 Q3 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Mitigation measures around increased transit and biking Q4 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? More high value regional mitigation measures to reduce VMT (so projects can pay into larger project pools) Q5 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? separated bike lanes; ebikes will save us #3 COMPLETECOMPLETE Collector: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Started: Tuesday, March 22, 2022 4:56:43 PM Last Modified: Tuesday, March 22, 2022 5:00:28 PM Time Spent: 00:03:45 IP Address: 68.224.171.125 Page 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 218 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 6 / 28 Q6 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? distributed residential solar subsidies Q7 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean water and wastewater? Why? potable sewage recycling at Encina, ASAP Q8 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? organics recycling Q9 What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equitably in Carlsbad? relieve multi-family housing projects with at least 20% low affordable units from CAP compliance Q10 What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? Local carbon offset program Q11 If you would like to stay informed on the Climate Action Plan Update, please provide your contact information below. Respondent skipped this question Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 219 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 7 / 28 Q1 What does climate action mean to you? Reduce methane gases Q2 What climate change impacts are you more concerned about? Please rank in order from most concerned to least concerned. Sea level rise 4 Extreme heat and heat waves 5 Wildfire and wildfire smoke 1 Storm events and flooding 2 Drought 3 Q3 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Core value Q4 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? State mandates are restrictive to business Q5 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? Provide more educational information of how individuals can help. #4 COMPLETECOMPLETE Collector: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Started: Thursday, March 24, 2022 9:07:55 AM Last Modified: Thursday, March 24, 2022 11:32:45 AM Time Spent: 02:24:50 IP Address: 66.75.54.37 Page 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 220 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 8 / 28 Q6 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? Safer Circulation for small trips to be walked or electric bike. Specifically developing the trail segments arounf Q7 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean water and wastewater? Why? Target and educate toward the GHG emissions of 2035 as outlined Q8 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? It’s too low to focus on when there are modifications to other areas ie. cars and electrify that meaningful outcomes could be realized with appropriate resources allocated Q9 What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equitably in Carlsbad? Communicate via multiple players and modules to widely educate on what an individual can do and reenforce with kudos. Q10 What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? Plant only native landscape to reduce water/ electricity usage Q11 If you would like to stay informed on the Climate Action Plan Update, please provide your contact information below. Name Lisa E-Mail Organization AHLF Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 221 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 9 / 28 Q1 What does climate action mean to you? To me, climate action means top to bottom investment in infrastructure that will help us ween off of our wasteful, car dependent lives. This means investment in safe bike paths, rail transit infrastructure, renewables etc. Q2 What climate change impacts are you more concerned about? Please rank in order from most concerned to least concerned. Sea level rise 3 Extreme heat and heat waves 4 Wildfire and wildfire smoke 1 Storm events and flooding 5 Drought 2 Other 6 Q3 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? photovoltaic because we are an extremely sunny place and realistically can get much of our electricity needs from photovoltaic systems Q4 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? more investment in actual, realistic alternatives to driving. There needs to be safe and easy ways to get around our city without a car, and the current bike lane design is truly a hazard. It seems like not much thought is put in to other modes of transportation #5 COMPLETECOMPLETE Collector: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Started: Thursday, March 24, 2022 5:18:40 PM Last Modified: Thursday, March 24, 2022 5:37:45 PM Time Spent: 00:19:05 IP Address: 66.27.103.59 Page 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 222 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 10 / 28 Q5 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? protected bikelanes that follow a Dutch style design, improved rail and bus transit, traffic calming, pedestrianization. These all give alternatives to the private car which contributes 48% of our ghg emmisions. Q6 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? photovoltaic. There is so much potential with photovoltaics that can fill in the gaps where sierra snowpack dependent hydro will have shortfalls. Q7 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean water and wastewater? Why? more water pollution awarness and a reduction of the amount of cars on the road. Runoff from streets contains many synthetic oils that are persistent organic pollutants. reducing vehicle miles travveled will in turn lower car related water pollution. Q8 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? banning plastics by 2030, and incentives + education about recycling. there should be major fines for throwing away hazardous waste and the city needs to further their recycling programs. Q9 What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equitably in Carlsbad? Carlsbad is generally a very wealthy place, so planning regionally so that cities like oceanside, vista, and san marcos can learn from our steps in the right direction. Connecting low income households throughout the north county region to employment centers should also be high priority Q10 What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? Reduction in the urban heat island effect which will in turn decrease ground level ozone. Carlsbad has a shocking number of massive roadways and parking lots which lead to a warming effect that facilitates ground level ozone and increased demand for water and air conditioning. this should be high priority. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 223 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 11 / 28 Q11 If you would like to stay informed on the Climate Action Plan Update, please provide your contact information below. Name Daniel McLoughlin E-Mail Organization Pacific Ridge School Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 224 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 12 / 28 Q1 What does climate action mean to you? creating policies and incentives to allow the transition from fossil fuels to alternative forms of energy in order to slow down the climate changes that are already devastating our planet- and which will cause suffering and economic hardship unless we take universal action. Q2 What climate change impacts are you more concerned about? Please rank in order from most concerned to least concerned. Sea level rise 5 Extreme heat and heat waves 2 Wildfire and wildfire smoke 3 Storm events and flooding 6 Drought 4 Q3 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? I like your use of LEAN principles and the PDSA cycle of improvement- but the cycle needs to happen every 6 months or you will not be able to make appropriate adjustments to your plan. general concepts about GHG reduction opportunities are correct but the targets are not ambitious enough. I like the educational links. Q4 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? targets too low and time too short in every category- solar panels, home energy retrofits, use of LEDs (who uses anything but LEDs now?, it should be 100% by tomorrow), all new construction electric/no gas hookups, more community engagement- we are the problem and need to be part of the solution. More specific engagement of employers- willingly/with incentives or by penalties. Does not sound urgent enough. More attention to social media, community organizations, schools to ask them to engage in specific ways. #6 COMPLETECOMPLETE Collector: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Started: Saturday, March 26, 2022 9:30:45 AM Last Modified: Saturday, March 26, 2022 11:08:06 AM Time Spent: 01:37:21 IP Address: 76.176.13.251 Page 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 225 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 13 / 28 Q5 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? 1. all government vehicles should be EV's (including trucks), 2. more efforts at traffic calming- fix the traffic light timing, create traffic circles 3. make some roads bike/e-bike, golf cart only- ex take el Camino Real and take 1-2 lanes ONLY for bikes, e-bikes, golf carts- separate it from the main road with full barriers, (collaborate with Encinitas) 4. lower traffic speeds, 5. encourage businesses to use electric shuttles from transit centers and reward employees who do so, Q6 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? 1.Create and then hire a climate communication and engagement position- to ensure better community engagement- one on one conversations, social media, community organizations, schools, churches, businesses. With success metrics. Even with a great climate action plan you will not succeed if it requires people to pay attention- it needs challenges, active engagement and participant- involved education. I think that people care but get busy, apathetic and resist change. Climate change is literally a war right now and we need to treat it as such. Q7 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean water and wastewater? Why? report cards to homeowner and businesses as to how they perform compared to their peers Q8 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? green waste composting Q9 What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equitably in Carlsbad? job transition programs for workers in the fossil fuel industry, we must also create a pathway for jobs in environmental justice communities. Q10 What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? have one day/month of no driving?, bike-to-work/school, city-wide educational programs about then CAP, why and how to help on an individual basis Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 226 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 14 / 28 Q11 If you would like to stay informed on the Climate Action Plan Update, please provide your contact information below. Name Katrina Olson E-Mail Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 227 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 15 / 28 Q1 What does climate action mean to you? Prioritized changes to decrease greenhouse gas emissions Q2 What climate change impacts are you more concerned about? Please rank in order from most concerned to least concerned. Sea level rise 3 Extreme heat and heat waves 1 Wildfire and wildfire smoke 4 Storm events and flooding 5 Drought 2 Other 6 Q3 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Vehicle emissions—largest contribution and relative ease of implementation Q4 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? More aggressive mpg targets Q5 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? Electrify Carlsbad city vehicles—easier to implement and sends a message #7 COMPLETECOMPLETE Collector: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Started: Saturday, March 26, 2022 10:57:19 AM Last Modified: Saturday, March 26, 2022 11:35:12 AM Time Spent: 00:37:53 IP Address: 76.176.13.251 Page 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 228 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 16 / 28 Q6 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? Incentivize photovoltaics-can pay for itself Q7 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean water and wastewater? Why? Get rid of grass-promote xeroscaping—water usage report card to residents Q8 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? Promote composting Q9 What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equitably in Carlsbad? Note improved air quality—other benefits less evident in the short term Q10 What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? Smart traffic control systems Q11 If you would like to stay informed on the Climate Action Plan Update, please provide your contact information below. Name Bruce Olson E-Mail Organization Resident Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 229 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 17 / 28 Q1 What does climate action mean to you? Leadership, showing that you care about the future Q2 What climate change impacts are you more concerned about? Please rank in order from most concerned to least concerned. Sea level rise 4 Extreme heat and heat waves 1 Wildfire and wildfire smoke 2 Storm events and flooding 5 Drought 3 Other 6 Q3 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? It's all good! Q4 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Add a Building Electrification section with three parts: 1. All electric new construction, 2. Convert municipal buildings to electric, 3. Support converting all existing buildings to electric #8 COMPLETECOMPLETE Collector: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Started: Sunday, April 03, 2022 6:59:39 PM Last Modified: Sunday, April 03, 2022 7:08:41 PM Time Spent: 00:09:01 IP Address: 76.167.188.234 Page 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 230 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 18 / 28 Q5 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? transit oriented development. live near transit makes it easy to use. Q6 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? Upgrade city facilities to Green Impact with 100% renewable power Q7 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean water and wastewater? Why? increase water efficiency, get rid of grass lawns Q8 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? NA Q9 What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equitably in Carlsbad? assess CAP measure impacts per neighborhood Q10 What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? Do an all-electric new construction reach code now, don't wait for CAP update. Q11 If you would like to stay informed on the Climate Action Plan Update, please provide your contact information below. Respondent skipped this question Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 231 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 19 / 28 Q1 What does climate action mean to you? Reducing the carbon dioxide and methane levels to prevent loss of life and living conditions on the planet Q2 What climate change impacts are you more concerned about? Please rank in order from most concerned to least concerned. Sea level rise 3 Extreme heat and heat waves 1 Wildfire and wildfire smoke 2 Storm events and flooding 5 Drought 4 Other 6 Q3 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Yes, Important to monitor progress and to continue environmental improvements Q4 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? I would like to see us have our own renewable energy local grid projects and supply like solar fields and our own Green Hydrogen Electrolyzer Hub #9 COMPLETECOMPLETE Collector: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Started: Wednesday, April 13, 2022 9:55:05 PM Last Modified: Wednesday, April 13, 2022 10:52:22 PM Time Spent: 00:57:16 IP Address: 76.88.86.94 Page 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 232 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 20 / 28 Q5 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? Prioritize clean electric and hydrogen fuel cell transportation. Q6 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? Implement ordinances for all new and retrofit buildings and development meet new electrification standards Q7 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean water and wastewater? Why? Carlsbad has one most efficient wastewater facilities and purple pipe program. Work on removing nano plastics and pharmaceutical toxins Q8 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? Develop and provide our own city organic composting center Q9 What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equitably in Carlsbad? Provide greater access to low cost access to micro grids in lower income sections of our city. Q10 What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? Incentivize our homes, schools and businesses to move away from fossil fuel to electrification, retrofit with green hydrogen furl cell production, water and refrigerant heat pumps, solar storage and induction stoves Q11 If you would like to stay informed on the Climate Action Plan Update, please provide your contact information below. Name Jay Klopfenstein E-Mail Organization Carlsbad Community Gardens Collaborative Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 233 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 21 / 28 Q1 What does climate action mean to you? A Climate Action should be proactive and not merely cashing in on improvements already happening with technology or the goodwill of citizens. Q2 What climate change impacts are you more concerned about? Please rank in order from most concerned to least concerned. Sea level rise 2 Extreme heat and heat waves 3 Wildfire and wildfire smoke 4 Storm events and flooding 5 Drought 1 Q3 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? A climate change update should go much farther than the current adopted Climate Action Plan. Q4 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Not "changed" but increased by many necessary measures. #10 COMPLETECOMPLETE Collector: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Started: Tuesday, April 19, 2022 11:06:22 AM Last Modified: Tuesday, April 19, 2022 11:35:09 AM Time Spent: 00:28:46 IP Address: 99.165.39.79 Page 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 234 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 22 / 28 Q5 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? Promote efficiently, in deeds and votes, the acquisition of modern efficient public transportation, locally (at least a rapid and regular connection with the City of San Diego and San Diego airport) and statewide (Carlsbad should demand the completion of the bullet train project between San Diego and Northern California.) Transportation is the first cause of greenhouse gas emissions in California. Q6 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? Public Transportation. The whole county is underdeveloped regarding transportation. Morocco or Turkey have better transport systems. Q7 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean water and wastewater? Why? Respondent skipped this question Q8 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? Respondent skipped this question Q9 What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equitably in Carlsbad? "felt" is not the right word. The destruction of our climate impacts in priority poor communities. A real serious climate action would, of course, alleviate this effect. Q10 What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? At least, ALL vehicles belonging to Carlsbad and catering for Carlsbad City should already be electric, without option. The city of carlsbad SHOULD vote for a modern, fast and comprehensive public transport system in SANDAG. Carlsbad SHOULD NOT destroy more natural unbuilt land. Businesses SHOUL NOT be allowed to waste water in lavish acres of lawn. In a climate like ours, we should see on public buildings and others a lot more photovoltaic heating and cooling systems. Q11 If you would like to stay informed on the Climate Action Plan Update, please provide your contact information below. Respondent skipped this question Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 235 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 23 / 28 Q1 What does climate action mean to you? Reducing emissions for cleaner air, prevent global warming Q2 What climate change impacts are you more concerned about? Please rank in order from most concerned to least concerned. Sea level rise 4 Extreme heat and heat waves 3 Wildfire and wildfire smoke 2 Storm events and flooding 5 Drought 1 Q3 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? i dont have time to read a 140 page document Q4 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? please provide a 1 or 2 page snapshot for residents to skim Q5 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? create cooridors that reduce lanes for cars and increase lanes dedicated for pedestrians and bicylists #11 COMPLETECOMPLETE Collector: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Started: Tuesday, May 03, 2022 9:31:45 AM Last Modified: Tuesday, May 03, 2022 9:38:37 AM Time Spent: 00:06:51 IP Address: 209.242.149.227 Page 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 236 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 24 / 28 Q6 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? continue rolling out solar panels as cover for parks, parking, etc to create shade and generate energy Q7 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean water and wastewater? Why? continue to invest in new technologies for water and wastewater treatment Q8 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? lead by example with organics recycling, and make it very easy for residents and businesses to participate in the 3 bin system. Many business still only have 1 trash can, unbelievable. Please step up enforcement of the 3 bin system. Q9 What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equitably in Carlsbad? do NOT offer rebates or incentives for residents to buy or upgrade cars, solar, battery storage, etc. This only benefits those that can afford these things in the first place! Leave these programs up to the state and federal level. Q10 What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? focus on where vehicle idling is taking place the most, and start to look at how capital infrastructure and enforcement can reduce this idling (areas of congested traffic, school pickup and drop off, etc). Q11 If you would like to stay informed on the Climate Action Plan Update, please provide your contact information below. Respondent skipped this question Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 237 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 25 / 28 Q1 What does climate action mean to you? To C3, climate action means taking a stand against climate change and harmful laws that impact the environment. Q2 What climate change impacts are you more concerned about? Please rank in order from most concerned to least concerned. Sea level rise 1 Extreme heat and heat waves 2 Wildfire and wildfire smoke 3 Storm events and flooding 6 Drought 4 Other 5 Q3 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? I think step 5, "Implementation, Monitoring and Reporting", will be the most important thing to keep in the CAP update. We think that limiting and enforcing these rules will help keep environmental law structured and encourage eco-friendly action. Q4 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Respondent skipped this question #12 COMPLETECOMPLETE Collector: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Started: Monday, May 16, 2022 4:30:09 PM Last Modified: Monday, May 16, 2022 4:52:26 PM Time Spent: 00:22:16 IP Address: 76.171.176.132 Page 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 238 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 26 / 28 Q5 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? To further promote clean transportation, the city should prioritize the utilization and popularity of public transportation, as well as implementing solar powered/electric busses and vehicles. Q6 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? Action 5 will ensure that the public will shift to eco-friendly living, as long as there is a reward/punishment for not cooperating. Q7 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean water and wastewater? Why? 4.11, this ensures improvements on the utilization of clean water and other water systems within the city. Q8 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? 5.2.4 Solid Waste, this is jaw dropping, the projected growth of emissions and water use based off of solid waste growth. Q9 What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equitably in Carlsbad? Ask citizens within the community how this would impact their daily lives. Q10 What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? Respondent skipped this question Q11 If you would like to stay informed on the Climate Action Plan Update, please provide your contact information below. Name Zoe Goldstein E-Mail Organization Carlsbad Cleanup Crew (C3) Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 239 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 27 / 28 Q1 What does climate action mean to you? Taking responsibility for improving our environment and reducing pollution Q2 What climate change impacts are you more concerned about? Please rank in order from most concerned to least concerned. Sea level rise 4 Extreme heat and heat waves 2 Wildfire and wildfire smoke 1 Storm events and flooding 3 Drought 5 Other 6 Q3 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan is important to keep in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? Reduction of GHGs in general, ZEVs, solar panels, renewable energy -- we need to keep everything in the plan and do more also. Q4 What about the adopted Climate Action Plan would you like to see changed in the Climate Action Plan Update? Why? I would like to add to the plan. Zero waste, EV chargers and solar carports everywhere, city-owned solar farms, conservation efforts, phasing out natural gas and focusing on all-electric with renewable sources. #13 COMPLETE Collector: Web Link 1 (Web Link) Started: Tuesday, May 17, 2022 2:47:48 PM Last Modified: Tuesday, May 17, 2022 2:58:44 PM Time Spent: 00:10:55 IP Address: 108.249.108.108 Page 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 240 of 637 Help shape the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan Update 28 / 28 Q5 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean transportation? Why? EV chargers in all city parking lots! Q6 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean energy? Why? Solar panels on all city buildings and a city owned solar farm. Q7 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean water and wastewater? Why? Recycled drinking water. Q8 What is the top action the city should prioritize in the Climate Action Plan Update to further promote clean solid waste? Why? More community events to collect toxic waste like paint cans and electronics. Q9 What can the city do to make sure the benefits of climate action are felt equitably in Carlsbad? Education events, subsidies for low income households. Q10 What other actions could the city prioritize to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad? Move to 100 percent electric and use only renewable energy sources. Q11 If you would like to stay informed on the Climate Action Plan Update, please provide your contact information below. Respondent skipped this question Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 241 of 637 Summary of Phase I Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update D-1 Appendix D – 5‐Year Strategic Plan . Input collected during the city’s 5-Year Strategic Plan (March 2022) related to “Sustainability and Natural Environment” was considered and incorporated by the city as part of the CAP Update. Related input from February 1, 2022 virtual workshop, online ideas wall, and online survey are all included in the subsequent pages. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 242 of 637 Ideas wall comments – Environment tag Save some of our beautiful open space. "Work toward having a park within a half mile of all residences. Increase our park ratio to better than 3 acres/1000 residents. Neighboring cities have better ratios than Carlsbad. Improve bike lane safety - use green paint to highlight the bike lanes." First, create a sustainability commission to champion real change. Second, strengthen our Climate Action Plan to include a 100% clean energy target by 2035. Also in our CAP, develop stronger measures to decrease GHG emissions from transportation and increase measures for aggressive building electrification ordinances. Third, actually hit our goal of 40% open space that doesn’t include locked school grounds. It is extremely concerning to see how the homeless situation has not been successfully addressed. It is not safe for those individuals who are homeless and it isn’t safe for residents. The trash that they generate is unacceptable…so where is our concern for the environment. Carlsbad…we need to do better. View the Village from a visitor arriving to our city at the train station…met by homeless individuals sleeping on the ground and on the benches. Carts obstructing sidewalks… Making sure the County respects the community that is most effected environmentally by Airport pollution. Yes, Carlsbad should create a mulch facility offering free mulch to residents. This will help reduce water use and the cost of sending all the clean green somewhere else. An outdoor amphitheater (think smaller version of Rady Shell) on the current site of the Encina Power Plant. It can be designed with an integrated park system, underground parking and an outdoor museum covering the history of Carlsbad. It would be a community gathering space and generate revenue for the city by hosting outdoor concerts and plays. It can be designed to be environmentally sustainable with solar and wind power to reflect the future of renewable energy while recognizing the past. Bring back and expand the summer concerts at the park (when safe to do so). Maybe expand to other venues. They’re a great, unique way to gather in nature and have some fun as a community. More affordable EV chargers (free is great too). Chargers at some locations are inflated or charge by the time rather than the electricity used. Don't tear up beautiful green space to build high density, low income housing units. Build in high traffic areas that are already paved and unused -- like the huge, unused parking lot at the western end of the Carlsbad mall that is conveniently near employment and public transportation. We should follow Oceanside's lead and make changes needed to reduce or eliminate train honking. The homeless problem really needs to be addressed. I don't feel safe using the bike path for morning runs because it's lined by people sleeping on it. All crosswalks should have a delay to give pedestrians a head start when the light turns green. This provides better visibility. At Tamarack and Adams I regularly almost get run over when I have the walk sign. Speed limit for e-bikes. Wildlife corridors maintained Maintain/create open spaces and green belts. Require developer to maintain pedestrian access [foot or bicycle] via easements or similar such that people can walk, jog and cycle throughout the city limits. As applicable when restriping roads place the fog line at the standard/design width from the centerline versus Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 243 of 637 Ideas wall comments – Environment tag placing it on the edge of pavement. On roads where the gradient exceeds 3% [and were applicable shift the centerline [as allowed] to hold lane widths to min. standard for DH traffic Coastal South Carlsbad (ponto area) needs a community gathering area with restaurants, shops, coffee shops, and enhanced parks and open space. Not big hotels and massive condo developments Create trails for residents to walk/hike/bike the south side of Agua Hedionda Lagoon. There is currently no access besides a very short trail near the nature center. So much missed potential there! Not much anymore. The beautiful beaches, with free public parking. Trails, parks and open space. The historic Village and Barrio ( but that’s being ruined by gross height and pathetic density of over development). We need a true coastal park in south Carlsbad for the thousands of residents who cannot walk to one, plus all of 92009 and 92011 residents who have No Coastal Parks. With Sea level rise and bluff erosion, it doesn't make environmental or economic $ense to reroute South Carlsbad Blvd. Why invest potentially $70 million for a miles long "walk way" along the PCH/101 while the bluffs are so unstable. Wouldn't it cost 1/2 to buy land on the east side of 101 instead of building more condos there? "Change the way one pays for electric energy delivery. Right now it is tied to consumption, but that is not fair. Delivery should be a fixed monthly fee, much like water, based upon the panel size. Easier to calculate too. Require SDG&E to provide the annual cost of maintaining the distribution system. Pay that plus their 10% guaranteed profit. That amount, divided by the sum of all panels (in Amps). A customer's bill panel size times cost per Amp This is how the distribution is designed." The problem with a trail from the Batiquitos to the coast is litter and people wandering onto the trails, just loitering and littering and not even knowing anything about the lagoon and how it strives to stay nice for walkers, hikers, runners etc. People would wander in from the beach and come to the nature center and leave all their sand and trash there! The volunteers strive to keep that place clean every day of the week. Coastal access to the Batiquitos is a BAD IDEA!!!! Homelessness. We need to take it more seriously and address it as a rapidly emerging crisis. This can cost the city in the near future if left unattended. If you closely watched the effect of Vista's laissez faire policy in tackling homelessness you will know that it led to substantial increase in violent crimes, sanitation issues and created an unfriendly environment for residents and effected desirability of the area More green space. Quieter environment. Walking paths. Enhance downtown area with better shops, restaurants, pedestrian walkways without vehicles, outdoor eating spaces. Look at other north county cities like Solana Beach, Encinitas as they revitalize there parkways, services, restaurants, etc. Cut down on local street speeding with more enforcement. More visibility of police. Gee, that's funny. The US Energy Information Administration gov't agency says that "Natural gas is a relatively clean burning fossil fuel" and we do see many buses that tout that they are utilizing "clean burning natural gas." Can't wait to see how clean the environment gets when all the Prius and Tesla batteries hit the landfills! We need more community gardens in Carlsbad. The waiting list is over a year. We should be promoting sustainable lifestyles in Carlsbad. Growing our own gardens and eating local goods. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 244 of 637 Ideas wall comments – Environment tag WM is a company that is committed to sustainability. There is no other company in the industry like this. Please stay with WM. From what I have seem, most of the development in the Village area has NOT contributed to the charm. Think of these structures: Five story grey and dark green ugly mess at State and Oak, 800 Grand, the new building going up near the Grand Grill, new structures going up near Madison and Oak, and let's not forget the prison-like structure right off the freeway on CVD that looks nothing like the renderings. The Maintenance of parks, streets and common areas I consider important as well as keeping a rural feeling in the communities. Community gardens would be wonderful. Support for youth and senior centers will help to strengthen moral especially after this pandemic passes, hopefully. "Carlsbad has a unique vibe. Please resist the temptation to “modernize” and build a generic looking west coast beach city like you’d see in Orange County. Those cities already exist, and we can drive to them. We don’t need another. Keep building small. Take the time the time to put better building design requirements in place to keep the vibe we have, and enforce it. Keep the open space, we lose more every year. There are already plenty of concrete paradises along the west coast." Carlsbad is attractive because of the open space/natural beauty, relatively low crime rate and good schools. Stop doing things that take away from our competitive strengths, such as building more strip malls with big box stores, tearing up open space for more development and permitting the homeless to take over downtown, urinating in public spaces and increasing crime. Build on our strengths, don't tear them down! I agree! Our open spaces need to be protected. They add so much to our quality of life and preserve the native plants and wildlife. Less greenhouse gas emissions, and a reduction of noise and smog pollution from landscaping crews who could be sparing a lot more of shade and green canopy that would protect us from skin cancer. In the future, I hope to not have to drive the vehicle 14 extra miles a day to get a child to school because it is unnecessary when there are plenty of schools much closer. Hopefully the redistricting will figure this out so that we have less cars on the road and more exercise for our families. Agreed. We do not need more building growth; maintaining and expanding parks, trails, gardens and open space will help keep Carlsbad green and livable. With covid, we have lost businesses. There is a glut of developed commercial space available, which lowers property values. Carlsbad is attractive because of its natural, open spaces. Owners clear and destroy habitat to make the property more attractive to developers. Please consider the following measures to maintain our unique open spaces 1. Moratorium on clearing open land until plans are approved and tenants have been secured. 2. Incentivize redevelopment of already developed properties. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 245 of 637 Ideas wall comments – Environment tag Public greenspace or a community park should be the priority reuse for the power plant area. Development of beachfront hotels and significantly underused commercial office space, may add to city tax revenues, but benefit a very small number of people -many of whom are not even Carlsbad residents. Less development, more nature areas to enjoy Let's complete the relocation of Coast Hwy, moving it off the coast a bit and develop that area into a green belt, parking and beach access. "With COVID, and more folks using fast food in a frustrated environment, there is a lot more litter being thrown from cars out onto roadways than there was 2 years ago. The trash is a blight on our neighborhood. Community volunteers have been addressing this throughout the Pandemic, but more support from the City would help. All sidewalks should have trash cans strategically placed. There are some now, but we need more, especially near shopping centers where fast food is sold." Despite its clean-sounding name, natural gas is a major contributor to the climate crisis. It is made mostly of methane, a greenhouse gas more than 80 times more potent than carbon-dioxide in the short term. This potent gas comes from fracking fields distant from where we live, leaking into our atmosphere all along the way. Adding more infrastructure is merely adding to what will become stranded infrastructure in the near future. Clean renewable electrification of our buildings is the future. "Please protect our open spaces. Once gone, they will be difficult to replace. They add value to our lives, preserve native species, encourage exercise and mental health, and set us apart from LA concrete communities. Promote organizations like Preserve Calavera for opportunities to volunteer to help maintain these spaces. Organize clean up events for our high schoolers, who need volunteer hours anyway, to get outside, pick up trash, plant, weed, etc." I agree with this insight. It is environmentally insensitive to have traffic lights stop a long line of cars so that one car can turn right. "I would love to see upgrades to Poinsettia Avenue between Paseo Del Norte and the beach. It would be nice to have better landscaping and charm for pedestrians. Change the cheap hotels off Poinsettia avenue into more expensive boutique hotels. Some of the patrons of these current hotels cause crime to the local neighborhoods Keep up the great work on the school system. Minimize generic, production build home and chain restaurants. Welcome more, art, nature and charm." "School Busses. California is the only state that doesn't have school busses....and California claims to be environmentally conscious! The polluting fuel emissions at school opening and closing times are detrimental to the quality of air. Idling cars spew out highly toxic gasses. The inconvenience to parents to find transportation for their children is outrageous. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 246 of 637 Ideas wall comments – Environment tag Carlsbad: be different. Lobby the state and/or the Unified District for school busses." More open spaces more cultural art events like the independent film series at the Schulman theatre. More pickle ball courts, increased free large & hazardous waste pick up. Resurface streets, stop permitting large multi level buildings utilizing entire lots down town Carlsbad. These buildings are ruining the Carlsbad Village look and feel! Close down State street to pedestrian only, increase parking by demoing some old, run down residential units. Carlsbad is an awesome place to live. Unfortunately, the environment is suffering because of it. It is time to put the environment first. We need to take a tough stand on climate change. To start, we can protect open space by building parks, walking trails, bike trails,and nature centers especially along our coast. Preserving the little open space that is still left in South Carlsbad for all to enjoy. We can set an example for other cities and preserve this great place for future generations. A significant contributor to quality of life is an environment that is devoid of excessive, sustained, and loud noise. After 2017, two flight schools moved into Palomar Airport. Prop powered general aviation aircraft are far louder than automobiles. No pilot flies without a headset because the noise makes it otherwise impossible to communicate with the ground or other pilots. I prefer jets to prop planes because jets fly fast, high, and quickly out of the airspace, prop planes do not. Carlsbad has done an excellent job and keeping and maintaining its open spaces throughout the City. Expansion of purple pipe options would be great. And if the City could find ways to encourage businesses and residential owners to go solar, that would be helpful. Enforcing recycling options within businesses is needed as well. "I applaude the use of roundabouts as a way to reduce stop signs and accompanying pollution by cars, dling and acclerating from a start. These would be particularly appropriate in the Barrio along Roosevelt street. Encourage the installation of more charging stations around the city for electric cars. Question for anybody: would having bicycle charging stations for e-bikes encourage people to ride bikes? Needed or not needed? In front of or sponsored by businesses working with the city?" "Carlsbad has a unique vibe. Please resist the temptation to “modernize” and build a generic looking west coast beach city like you’d see in Orange County. Those cities already exist, and we can drive to them. We don’t need another. Keep buildings small. Take the time the time to put better building design requirements in place to keep the vibe we have, and enforce it. Keep the open space, we lose more every year. There are already plenty of concrete paradises along the west coast." Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 247 of 637 Ideas wall comments – Environment tag This is spot on. Build up the LOCAL economic ecosystem of Carlsbad with a range of diverse businesses....it's the bedrock of a sustainable and vibrant community. Perhaps turbo charging support with, for, and through the Carlsbad Chamber of Commerce who know this subject through and through. New development should be low rise, preferrably 2-3 stories. re-development led by businesses like campfire, Handels, the village theatre, and even the new Taco themed restaurant which occupies fairly unique architecture are enjoyable. The rows of green condominiums/townhouses at the North end of State street detract from the village feel. It is simply adding to parking challenges for the locals who visit the businesses. I like how Irvine, CA made use of the open space running alongside the train tracks and electric grids to create biking and pedestrian paths surrounded by easily maintained wilderness...not sure if we have any of that kind of space here in Carlsbad anymore. Open space - no more building What a fascinating idea...there are parts of where the only greenbelt is sandwiched between both lanes. Fascinating idea. Yes, please, to more electric charging stations, definitely for cars...there are only 2 charge ports in the village! Use native plants in landscaping projects to reflect and maintain the historic, natural beauty and charm of our beachside community and support a healthy natural environment for all to enjoy for years to come. Seek advice from local San Diego native plants specialists to provide input for design and local plant choices. The San Diego Native Plant Society is a good resource for referrals, as well as Moosa Creek Nursery, Native West Nursery and other native growers in San Diego County. Stay the course. Carlsbad is a jewel, let’s keep it that way. Continue to focus on safety, no graffiti, don’t encourage homelessness, attract innovative businesses, balance growth vs green space. "Retain the green spaces and parks that already exist. Limit development that would destroy green spaces. Develop a composting facility and encourage composting. Outlaw Ready Roundup." Poinsettia Community Park Pickleball venue is the new Carlsbad family and friends community gathering place. It offers a fun, safe and recreational environment for all ages. Better bike lanes for commuting and safety for all the road and e-bikes driven all over the city. Safer bike lanes would help encourage more people to use them to run errands, travel throughout the city and reduce green house emissions to help protect our environment. Bike lanes created away from roads with their own paths into the interior that provide paths from neighbors safely to other neighborhoods and businesses would encourage more travel and healthier lifestyles. Invest in public services at the beaches and parks including bathrooms, not portable toilets that are not maintained. Improve Carlsbad Village Drive and highway 5 access areas. Continue to bring in local businesses to enrich downtown area. Maintain open spaces and create more safe, accessible trails for the public. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 248 of 637 Ideas wall comments – Environment tag Many newer residents are not aware that there is a master plan voted in place with a copious amount of open space required. I think this was put in place in late 80's. It has been followed and you are witnessing the last little bits being filled in! We need a public Bocce Ball Court in Carlsbad. (I don't know of any in Carlsbad, only perhaps in private housing areas.) Encinitas has a public court. Carlsbad is big and affluent enough to afford a Bocce court. I think the ideal place would be Holiday Park as it is nice and flat and has lots of open space. It would be relatively easy and inexpensive to build it there. "The abundance of open space was one factor I considered when moving to North County 25 years ago. It is definitely disappearing and being replaced with more homes. Limiting growth would ensure our home values are protected, however, the double edge sword of increasing property taxes keeps cutting into our wallets. And honestly, how many more businesses / shopping centers do we need? I was glad when the Strawberry Field shopping center was defeated. The fields are a regional treasure." Please recognize, appreciate, and support our public safety and law enforcement. It is too easy to lose sight/misunderstand/take for granted what our police department does for our community 24/7. Especially in today's environment we have to explicity communicate this value so it doesn't get lost in the destructive narrative. Let's commit and recommit to supporting these services in our community. Carlsbad is attractive and safe because of our law enforcement. Let's make it known and clear. Why? Progressives hammer us every day about global warming on TV, radio and print. Carlsbad doesn't need to get involved. We know already. Maybe when we buy an electric car in 2030. I love the Eucalyptus trees. They are part of Carlsbad's history. They are one of the reasons I moved here. The tall, flowing trees are home to many species of hawks, owls and birds. A healthy population of raptors and other native wildlife is a sign of a healthy ecosystem, such opossums, raptors, rattle snakes. Why would anyone want to destroy natural life and beauty? We are so fortunate to have these trees cleaning our air and providing habitat for so many creatures throughout our city. Protect the village, no more 4+ story buildings in the area and please none East of the 5. If people want to live in a dense, crowded, heavily trafficked area then can move to Orange County or Los Angeles. Protect the small town feel and protect the remaining open space. The power poles and lines are an eyesore, an environmental threat, and a danger in high winds in North Carlsbad, especially along Chestnut neighborhoods where every view has wires hanging. Residents have been paying on their utility bills to put the utility lines underground for years. The plan was in place when I purchased my home 20 years ago. The road was recently dug up to put 5G underground by corporate interests. Why not utilities? I wonder if the change in flight path coincided with when the 2 flight schools opened at the airport. Were the needs of these business to save fuel put above the safety of Carlsbad residents and the environmental impacts? It’s easy for officials to shrug and say flight path is out of our control (determined by FAA), but are they asking why changes were made and advocating for safety of neighboring residential? Does there need to be an El Cajon-type crash for changes to be made? Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 249 of 637 Ideas wall comments – Environment tag It’s easy for officials to shrug and say, out of our hands… but are they advocating for resident safety and environmental impacts? Do they question why flight path changed to climb dangerously low(and loud) over residential areas? Did the flight path change yo accommodate fuel efficiency of flight school businesses over noise/air pollution and safety of families living below? Are they waiting to El Cajon-type crash before changes are made/addressed? We need native landscape. 90% of native wildlife has been destroyed by development; 90% of wildlife can only survive on native landscapes, so wildlife cannot survive without native landscape revival. Great point! So challenging in a state (and now our County board) that is very business unfriendly. Vista is an example of a local city that has done a great job doing as much as possible to be as accessible and friendly to business as possible to help offset the negative state/county environment. Maybe we replicate Vista. I also think we could attract Bay Area firms to relocate here. Yes! And more allotted space for community gardens and their security. The wait lists are LONG. So many residents are interested. If Carlsbad insists on incentivizing monstrous condos to maximize taxable property, sacrificing family oriented homes with a bit of plot for growing, then lets preserve more community oriented property along the way. There used to be a wonderful wildlife rehab center that closed, we really need someplace like that again. It was a great benefit to our community and very educational to out kids. "Homeless prevention and rehousing. Carlsbad needs a robust 5 year strategy that is focused on helping prevent individuals become homeless and support those who are to get access to care, medication as well as reasonable ""housing"". There are many cities around the world engaging in innovative solutions. Establish a clear path forward over the next 5 years based on the following 3 priorities: Health/ wellness ;Safe shelters; Economic sustainability (incentivize business community partnerships)" Single family homes with 10' spacing on the sides is a "joke". Combine the "green" expectations by creating 10- 30 story within 3 blocks of the stations with adjacent green space. There is no way we can have affordable housing with current growth in population. Sure, have an area of "historic" homes but let's get real - we don't have "Olde Carlsbad" anymore. A green future doesn't include 40minute commutes, one person per car. Quality of travel within the City would improve if the traffic signaling was improved. We often sit at red lights when there is no other vehicles in the other parts of the intersection. Lights turn green for turning into schools when no one is in the turning lane or it's a weekend. Lights turn green out of shopping centers (the Forum) at 6am and hold up those traveling along the roads. Something needs to be done so we are not stopping at a red light every time we approach an intersection. Get the drugged out homeless junkies out of the village. Most of them are not just “unhomed,” but are on the new meth. This drug is very dangerous and causes the user to become violent. They all hang out directly across from Status Skate shop where kids go to spend time. My son’s soccer practice had to be moved from Pine park due to these people harassing kids and parents. They also are in the Smart and Final lot and yell at people. This has created a very unsafe environment for our community. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 250 of 637 Ideas wall comments – Environment tag Cbad is a unique combination of a coastal relaxed vibe and a vibrant economic city. It is important to me that we not be see as elitist or only one dimensional. I have lived here since 1984. Despite my groaning over the incredible growth I've witnessed (I think the population was close to 45k in 1984!), I can now appreciate the excellent planning and decision making over the past 4 decades. It's all about balance - between the residents, tourists, businesses and environment. When I think of Carlsbad I think of the beaches, lagoons, excellent schools and great parks. It’s a great place to raise a family with a mostly small town feel still hanging on. Most cities don’t have gems like Calavera open space, the campgrounds/ponto area, strawberry and flower fields. These places need to be considered part of the fabric of our community with no possibility of development. Would love to see a park that exists near the beach like other cities have…see San Clemente. Buy the power plant property and turn it into the most amazing beachside park. Open up the south side of Calavera to mountain biking and purchase any available land. This area is a hidden open space gem. Connect trails-we could have 30-50 miles of connected trails instead of shirt 1-2 mile trails everywhere. It would be great to see a bike park in Carlsbad. Not sure why our city seems to dislike mountain bikers but every other progressive cool city seems to embrace and work together. Hold onto the 'family-friendly beach village' feel of our town. For instance: 1) do not allow new construction of buildings with more than 3 stories. 2) Make the town as pedestrian-friendly as possible. 3) Create more hiking trails in the open spaces. 4) Protect the historic Barrio and its original character. While I also want parks and open space here, the Mall is already there - so let's make it an attraction not an eye sore. The UTC open-air mall would be a good model to follow - allowing for lots of friendly spots to commune. "Smerdu Community Garden suffers from poor security. Tools and harvests are stolen. Creepy people lurk. Parks and Recreation needs to install adequate perimeter fencing and change the gate code regularly. There are hundreds of Carlsbad residents on the waiting list for a community garden plot. We need more community gardens and more responsive P&R staff willing to enforce non-compliance issues that deprive others from a garden plot." We need more community gardens! The wait list is 300+, condos and apartments without yards or personal plots are going up like gangbusters, and finances are tight for service and retail level workers whom may otherwise not be able to allocate their pay toward the skyrocketing prices of ORGANIC and HEALTHY food. Lets forego a condo complex or two. The gardens really are one of the best health oriented things that a city can do for its residences ;) Keep new buildings to a 2 story maximum. The 40% open space the city likes to brag about includes all the acreage of the three lagoons in the city. Remove all of that acreage and our open space drops to less than 1/2 this percentage. A more rational standard is the amount of park acreage in a community with a suggested standard of 5 acres per 1,000 population with golf courses excluded from the definition of park acreage. This is the acreage that ALL the citizens can enjoy. This proposal does not go far enough as it relates only to community gardens. The more dense housing created in the city the less private open space per person there will be. We are already short on needed Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 251 of 637 Ideas wall comments – Environment tag neighborhood parks, especially in the southwest section of the city which has no parks west of I-5 as opposed to almost 35 acres of parks north of Cannon Road west of I-5. And this SW section is the most densely populated quadrant in the city already. Such parks could include these gardens. I think is preferable that any new community gardens not be set inside of parks as the garden at Pine ST. is but in a less obvious space, as that garden is routinely vandalized and robbed by loiterers. "We love Carlsbad Village, all the beautiful home developments and the proximity to the beach. Carlsbad seems to have had a good strategic plan for years. The areas along 101, where the bluff is dangerously falling are of a big concern. The abandoned old State highway along Highway 101, bordering South Carlsbad State Beach, could be cleaned up and turned into a green area or parking for beach access. It would be a start before the drastic project of moving Highway 101 East is planned." The train tracks gone? Lol. Moved underground, possibly. The train was here when we were a tiny village. Like wildlife, it was here first. It is a vital corridor. Regarding energy... Please do not make the same mistake Encinitas made, and disallow natural gas as an energy source for residents and businesses alike. Nothing is more economical, and it's clean !! The energy myopia is irresponsible, and we will suffer terribly if it continues. Losing San Onofre was dumb..and the blackouts will only increase. Don't follow Europe's example. Germany has reworked their building codes after their green initiatives failed. There are successes, but huge costs. 40% open space was a good goal 40 years ago. It is even more important today. It was one more way Carlsbad can be a regional leader, protect its one unique character and preserve the biodiversity of our area. Carlsbad to consider an annual beach parking pass similar to Oceanside for all Beaches. The revenue could support lifeguards/police/parks and rec. and the environmental impact brought by tourists and debris they leave. And residents could benefit as well from a 50% reduction in the annual pass. $100 for residents $200 for non-city residents. Or an $10 day pass or $40 week pass. It would clean up the graffiti on the sea wall and keep the beach clean. Separate from a State Park Pass. "Create a Spare the Air Program (like BAAQMD's) for days when air quality is expected to be unhealthy, to educate residents about air pollution, & to encourage actions to improve air quality. When particulate matter levels are forecast to be high, issue a Spare the Air Alert, making wood burning illegal. Asks residents to reduce pollution by taking transit, driving less, reducing energy consumption at home, and making many other daily choices that improve air quality. See SpareTheAir dot org" Yes. Plant low-pollen trees, and develop pollen-control statutes/ordinances to avoid triggering allergies or asthma -- per 2021 USDA Forest Service paper "Variations in urban forest allergy potential among cities and land uses" https://www.fs.fed.us/nrs/pubs/jrnl/2021/nrs_2021_nowak_001.pdf and https://blogs.scientificamerican.com/guest-blog/botanical-sexism-cultivates-home-grown-allergies/ For bicyclists, crossing major intersections such as El Camino Real & La Costa Ave needs to be safer. Given busy intersections on El Camino Real and on La Costa Ave, for example, how can bicyclists safely ride Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 252 of 637 Ideas wall comments – Environment tag to Alga Norte Community Park from Calle Barcelona (La Costa Valley area)? Unfortunately, safest choice is to drive a car (contributing to greenhouse gas) rather than riding a bike. "**Less concrete more trees; make a requirement, for x amount of building development you have to plant x amount of trees with it, they are our natural carbon reducers. A dog beach. Maybe near the campgrounds. People who like to camp are probably the same kind of people who like to bring their dog to enjoy the beach too. Real dog parks with grass, and not under power lines. City-organized each cleanups, park cleanups, etc. A downtown community garden." "I think Carlsbad’s economic vitality is just fine. But maybe we can focus on trying to fill the empty commercial buildings around the airport with some GOOD businesses. B Certified ones. And have solar and EV charging stations everywhere. How about a seaweed farm. You know, focusing on business that’s also good for the environment. Also more trees." Other Calif cities like Palo Alto offer a regional solar group-buy program administered by Business Council on Climate Change (BC3) offering 10% - 15% discounts on residential solar and battery storage. Their webinars teach residents about solar & battery electric storage, provide sample pricing for several standard types of installations, and provide an online solar calculator tool that takes into account your address and your energy bills to estimate possible savings. Develop pollen-control statutes/ordinances to avoid triggering allergies or asthma. Refer to 2021 USDA Forest Service paper "Variations in urban forest allergy potential among cities and land uses" by Nowak and Ogren. Plant low-pollen trees and landscaping, preferably native and drought-tolerant appropriate for our climate. Eliminate acacia trees (high pollen self-sowing trees) growing in urban/rural (e.g. La Costa Canyon) interface. Prevent exotic escape of pollen-producing trees & plants. Actively educate and engage residents on sustainability focus areas: electrification, mobility (Reducing the carbon intensity of fuels, Increasing vehicle efficiency, Reducing vehicle miles travelled (VMT)), EV adoption, water, reduce green house gas, sustain natural environment, zero waste. Hold educational webinars & hands-on workshops to engage residents to work towards sustainability. "HOMETOWN PERSONALITY -IDENTITY, PRIDE & SPIRIT Imagine Cbad believes these community traits are built on a number of factors, all important to those of us who call Cbad our home town. We believe a strong sense of place is one important factor. Not only the natural character but also the man made character, the physicality of our environment. It starts with your home, your street, neighborhood, community your town. We say we want Beach Town character, IC is proposing a few more on GP" I totally understand the lowering of the tracks, BUT I think we should either tunnel (I got no response from Elon Musk's Tunnel Company) or "bury" the tracks by utilizing prefab concrete side walls and a prefab lid, all covered by dirt. This would create a phenomenal open space instead of having a giant canyon cutting the City in half. I contacted a SanDag consultant but it fell on deaf ears. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 253 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes Virtual workshop Breakout rooms Quality of Life & Community Character 1. How do you define these terms? What do they mean to you? 2. Five years from now, how will you know this has been successful? Environmental Sustainability 1. What would you like the City Council to consider when it comes to environmental sustainability? 2. What are some of the key issues or challenges the city should focus on? 3. Five years from now, how will you know this has been successful? Natural Environment 1. What would you like the City Council to consider when it comes to the natural environment? 2. What are some of the key issues or challenges the city should focus on? 3. Five years from now, how will you know this has been successful? Carlsbad’s Coastline 1. What would you like the City Council to consider when it comes to Carlsbad’s coastline? 2. What are some of the key issues or challenges the city should focus on? 3. Five years from now, how will you know this has been successful? 4. What do you enjoy most about the coastline today? 5. What would make the coastline even better? Keeping Our Community Safe 1. What would you like the City Council to consider when it comes to keeping our community safe? 2. What are some of the key issues or challenges the city should focus on? 3. Five years from now, how will you know this has been successful? Other Topics 1. What would you like the City Council to consider when it comes to other topics that are important to you that were not listed? Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 254 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes City Council 5-Year Strategic Plan Feb. 1, 2022, Workshop Notes Breakout room name: Quality of Life & Community Character (group 1) Number of participants: 15 Quality of life and community character How do you define these terms? What do they mean to you? • Walkability and community that combines people together in the community together in different activities, comm engagement opportunity, common events • Cover train issue, train noise • Friend in Oceanside, put silent horns there, so much better, relatively close couple of blocks • Trenching have not heard anything recently • Lived in Highland before, now by Carlsbad by the Sea, small village feel going away, putting up 3-4 stories condos right off village, what do they see now, ruining town, barrio chopping down little houses • Noise pollution, love to see in your home, hear outside noise, love to see us do what Encinitas did with those leaf blowers, city has made electric and quiet at night, leaf blowers are biggest polluters, can smell the grass, see Carlsbad do what Encinitas did, require all gardeners to use electric leaf blowers • Noise from traffic, off Calle Barcelona and RSF, seems since pandemic that noise has gotten so much worse, not sure if home more, love to see traffic calming or enforcement of speeding, mufflers, motorcycle racing – would contribute to QOL • Especially in village and barrio, have sidewalks and amenities to walk to, positive for QOL, walkability to schools, groceries, pharmacy and beach, concerned with historic preservation and acknowledgement, no historic list to preserve our buildings, Magee Park, station, those not under park supervision, private with character is up for grabs, new housing element, need list and Mills Act, historic is part of character, need definition of community character, been looking for years, would help us grow • Tossed around the ability of our community to maintain things that are important like the beach, seawall, access, central train station, improve with trenching to enhance safety downtown, our town is defined by center of village, grows beyond that, our own history is part of the Marron history, elements to help define community character, start with historic buildings • SD alliance with drug free youth, community parents, teens, advocate, La Costa resident, implement tobacco retail licensing program to allow city to limit what the retailers are selling, to limit advertising, displays, fund minor decoy operations so they are not selling to minors, adopt multi-unit housing policy, can’t enjoy own home since neighbor is smoking all the time, invest in filters, if smoke-free policy, management can do something, love living in Carlsbad 18 years • Resident for 6 years with husband, coming from Bay Area hustle and bustle, everyone uptight, here is relaxed, beach vibe, great people, people care for each other, quaintness of Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 255 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes village, not another LA or Orange County or NY where boxes of homes everywhere, some housing buying for Vrbo, not residents, older homes being torn down for high rises, disheartening to shove homes, preserve space, amazing drive from La Costa Ave to see amazing coastal view for QOL • Resident for last 40 years, before in Oceanside, wouldn’t argue with others, elements of QOL, define it – attempt about 10 years ago, Vision Statement, recommend go through that process of refining it once again, garnered quite a bit of community involvement to put it together, came to be a meaningful description of what the community wanted, things have changed, maybe not same priority, but a lot remain same objective of most citizens like #1 core value, small town feel, beach community, connectivity, things have not changed much, survey effort to take existing vision statement and ask what you would change and a good way to start off rather than shotgun • David G core values reinforced by City Council on website – nine core values, which ones should we focus on, so far same core values remain important • After 40 years in Carlsbad, still matter to all of us, chose Carlsbad for specific reason, still love it, want a piece of it retained for next generation (Old Carlsbad) • Having lived in Chicago, NY, came here in 2019, small community life, moved business, bought home here, real estate price explosion, neighbors are selling, flippers are buying, not families moving in, concerned about it, would lose small town feel, shed big city life, don’t want to lose what brought me here, noise, leaf blowers, gardening, RSF Rd noticed timing of traffic lights sometimes during the day, red light every single time, people race, dangerous, pedestrians almost get hit, cars almost get hit, QOL, curious, not timing true all the time, not always the same time, sometimes every single time is red (Paz encouraged watching traffic signal presentation during semiannual transportation report on Jan 25 Council meeting for status of signal improvements) • Ebikes and regulation on ebikes, live in Old Carlsbad, ebikes are everywhere, new technology so they don’t need to drive children to school, where do regulations come from, the state, afraid for the children on ebikes, some with surfboards, on traffic lanes, two girls swerving on major street, concern for children, work for children, bike lanes • Ebikes – cycling a lot, SD Bike Coalition, class is extremely good, city should require reference for smart cycling if they take the class, echo concerns, where appropriate, take the travel lane, noise on leaf blowers, support it, train noise and silencing • Historical preservation – great place to live, almost 30 years, opportunity, Highland and CVD, old Victorian for sale, city with historical society and preserve in addition to city’s other buildings, a lot of funding to restore it • Reinforce previous comments, two things that terrify me – one is ebikes, can’t image slew of children not injured already, no consistency, kids do not have concept of stop signs, getting from parents and others, not particular problem before, last couple of years, blowing off red lights, people gun it into red light, city has taken red lights out, probably because too many complaints, need to bring them back – real threats to QOL • Red light cameras, against it in Chicago, morass, grift, crime by politicians, please do not bring them back, ECR/Olivenhain still has it, don’t punish people and charge $500, please do not do that instead of solving the problem Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 256 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes • Not just children on ebikes, not just ebikes, not just traffic enforcement, bicycles on La Costa between ECR and 101, need lighting, use road a lot at night between La Costa and RSF, shut down by sheriff, car and bike accidents, not just cyclists at fault, examine the whole issue, not just blame one thing, we don’t have access to all data, make it public so we can all be aware, not enough light on that road, too hard to see, QOL for everybody • Red light cameras, agree that so much corruption in other cities, will fight to make sure it doesn’t happen here, traffic light timing is a big thing every day, not much timed lights, side streets triggering Poinsettia many times, everyone else stops, trigger immediate red, start 60-90 second timer, so one person can come out • Walkability, coastline, limited walkable boardwalk to Cannon Road, walk in dirt or traffic after that, more sidewalks, more walkable to southern edge of Carlsbad, more accessible, walking dogs, stretch farther • 10 years from now, quaintness and historic preservation, come from Los Gatos area, smoking, runner along beach, ordinance in LG, outside of buildings couldn’t smoke • Tamarack near drive-thru Starbucks, building across street, for sale for a long time, improve near I-5, improvements around there, a business if possible What would you like the City Council to consider when it comes to quality of life and community character? See above What are some of the key issues or challenges the city should focus on? See above Five years from now, how will you know this has been successful? What will be different? • Lived here for a decade, originally from Bay Area, LA, with wife, would love more things to do there between triangular park, no desire to go to Dino’s or Vigilucci’s, no restaurants right here, a few places like that, we are a destination place, resort town, casual or fine dining down there • Love the area and campgrounds, created a little store on site, great view of entire ocean, buy a glass of wine, beer, feel safer in campground not PCH, maybe trails around that area, safer places • Fairly involved in housing element, fear going away in 5 years, state is pushing for high density housing along coast and throughout city, fighting the state on this • In real estate and sell houses, everything is so packed together, no yards anymore, lucky to have balcony, a real park in Ponto, more parks within 10-15 minutes’ walk from homes, especially by the beach, keep character of Carlsbad, not another Santa Monica, wall to wall restaurants, towers, environmentally friendly, see the coast, go inland for restaurant, park Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 257 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes where picnics and things, sea level rise, beach may be less accessible, less in south Carlsbad where we can hang out but not promenade thing, more like real park • Look at traffic, I-5 is getting more crowded, 101 trying to get to downtown, see consideration before we build anything, ability to get places and parking when they get there, love coast the way it is, see the view and drive, or park and enjoy, relax, nicer park with picnic tables, not so in love with new restaurants, can build them inland • What would it take to get a frisbee or disc golf course in Carlsbad? What will stay the same? • Still see ocean driving on PCH, not buildings, charming to go down to sea, live here 22 years, seen a lot of changes, not all for the better, hope in 5 years we are not a concrete jungle like other cities in SD, cherish the coastline Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 258 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes City Council 5-Year Strategic Plan Feb. 1, 2022, Workshop Notes Breakout room name: Quality of Life & Community Character (Group 2) Number of participants total: 12-15 What would you like the City Council to consider when it comes to Quality of Life and Community Character? What are some of the key issues or challenges the city should focus on? • Business owner is concerned that we’re losing greenspace and the charm that lured her to move here. Concerned about the movement of the homeless that we haven’t seen before – it’s more prolific. How do we manage the growth so as not to lose what is wonderful about Carlsbad but yet keep a balance? • Long time resident who lives in the house she was born in, also business owner. She cares about the parks, beach, community services and would like to see those continue to be developed. Husband is disabled – let’s make our community accessible to everyone so that people can age in place and enjoy the community. • Carlsbad is not that accessible. Her roommate is blind she wishes to improve his quality of life. She’s concerned about overbuilding and turning the Village into square boxes that aren’t attractive. She’s concerned about things that don’t look like how they were approved. Example is Carlsbad Village Drive west of the freeway on the North side. It looks like a prison. The renderings showed trees, open space, cafes. • Improve quality of life for the disabled and for those aging. Connecting some of the trails to enjoy Downtown without having to go on the PCH. Some trails don’t connect all the way. Pedestrian underpass study at Agua Hedionda lagoon – what happened to that? Ramps for the disabled at the Tamarack parking lot. • 30-year resident doesn’t like to get into the hole of saying that everything was better here before. Yupification of the village – can’t say it’s not going to happen, but keep involving the community like you’re doing. This is a great way to get the pulse of the neighborhood. She applauds the city for that. • She wants to be able to age in place. Very concerned about transportation. We’re better than San Diego, we have opportunities for people who no longer drive to access all of the city. The village is losing its charm. Old Carlsbad fire and safety is great. Kudos. • He realizes the village will change but wonders why there couldn’t be a better architecture design like Del Mar, Santa Barbara. Unfortunately developers here are Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 259 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes turning it into box by the sea instead of village by the sea. The city is very well run and the employees are amazing. His interaction with employees are great. He’s more concerned about the Mayor and City Council. Having more parks to walk and bike to is great instead of parks to drive to. • Aging and place and access is important. He saw Carlsbad is #2 of top beach communities for retirement in America. That means mobility services are essential in connecting our community with urban sprawl. He would like this group to advocate for aging in place and mobility. Economic development – he’s impressed with the vibrant economic ecosystem and he’d like us to capitalize because economics are the foundation of a vibrant community. When we use that foundation we lose the wealth creation that’s created and redistributed among our residents. • Rapid growth of four story buildings that’s impacted the village a lot. It impacts the quality of life. The feeling is not what is what. She’s worried that small sections on State street will get hit with the same tall buildings, live/work spaces and it will drive out the small quaint businesses. She doesn’t know how they’ll coexist. Oceanside – that’s not quality of life with the growth and the taller buildings. That doesn’t help the residents if you catered to those who want to visit. It’s happening rapidly and it’s very sad to see. • After a decade of living in Carlsbad, they want to see some more commerce come into the community. More restaurants. There’s no commerce at the coast. Let’s ditch the campground and put in some decent restaurants. People come here for golf, Legoland, where do they go to eat? We have a lot of open space, we love the beach, but we’re not Del Mar. We don’t have enough commerce. We should be able to go to a nice restaurant close to home and not have to drive to another coastal community. • She says we’re trying to escape the commerce and commercialism when moving here. She says the coast is our jewel and we can have commerce inland. Many of us don’t want to lose that because that’s what happened in so many other communities. They have nothing beautiful to look at anymore. • 28 year residents. They’ve loved Carlsbad from the moment they moved here. They’re not against progress but they don’t want the downtown community to turn into just another coastal city. We are unique. We can go get an ocean view restaurant within driving distance. There’s plenty to do here. More art would be great. Don’t change the coastline in any way. Legoland is a great tourist attraction and we don’t see it which is great. New resort in Encinitas – we can’t afford that hotel. She doesn’t want a high class restaurant on the coast. • City Council should consider listening to the citizens. Change the planning permission procedures. They can’t just check off the reports and then build. The reports aren’t valid. Example of Robertson Ranch. Planning should consider how the citizens feel. The city should focus on traffic on El Camino Real. It’s getting worse already in the village because of the new boxes. They are so ugly it’s a sin. She thinks the city is doing was Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 260 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes much as they possibly can to address homelessness with they tools they have. They can’t do any more and people need to stop complaining – instead we need to help. She’s really researched what the city is doing and she believes they’re doing the best they can do. Five years from now, how will you know this has been successful? • Making the construction and architecture cohesive would really improve the village. She still has young people in her home and doesn’t want them moving away so she likes that there’s growth in the city. To see success is to see forward progress. Streets and underpasses will take time and money but events like this where we can talk and collaborate to disseminate information to someone who can make a difference. We have a great place to live and an really good community. She’s impressed at the turnout at this meeting. It feels very positive that the community is concerned for the future. • She likes the comradery in this meeting. She hopes in 5 years we won’t have too much more box housing – instead more aging in place. She’d like to see people outdoors – even disabled. More people outside than in cars. Carlsbad is on the right track for that. There’s a big book in cycling and more of us who are aging might be biking but paths need to be safe, they would be appreciated. She’d like some slow traffic bike trails downtown in the village. Enjoy our wonderful city, climate and nature. • The road quality is disastrous in the City of San Diego. Carlsbad roads are well constructed and maintained and she wants that to stay. She’d like to see a balance in ages. It’s important. Our libraries are outstanding. Workshops and programs, foreign film Fridays – wants to see that continue. All the summer programs are a wonderful benefit to all of us. • The seed library – gave a shout out. The city needs more affordable housing. Affordable does not mean low income. It should be what the average person can afford without spending more than 30% of their income. People’s kids won’t be able to afford to live here, people can’t afford to age in place, disabled people can’t afford housing here on lower incomes. • Barometer of success would be to see small businesses thriving and being attracted to Carlsbad. Businesses that choose Carlsbad because of its vibrant economy and support would be a sign that we’re progressing towards a robust economy. To see a multitude of individuals of all physical capacities and ages being supported in our community – not just those that are fit and healthy. • Compliments to the city. She’s very involved, garden plot, walks, enjoys the beach. She hopes in the future that the city keeps an eye on the laws in place. Example, the beach has a curfew that’s not really enforced. She sees a lot of overnight camping on city streets, especially in the village. There are simple things that can be done, this really shouldn’t occur. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 261 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes • Concern about coyotes. Near Kelly drive there are packs of coyotes roaming. It’s frightening. She’s all for relocating them. There are so many canyons around and they are thriving. She’d rather them not eat her dog. Several neighbors have had their dogs snatched right off the leash when out walking. What will be different? What will stay the same? • We have wonderful accessibility to the beach. We can drive right along the beach – miles of precious coastline. The campground is constantly filled to capacity. It makes affordable vacations for families. We have to make things affordable for all income levels. We need to rethink before we start taking things away that have been there for many years. • The campgrounds are enjoyable as a resident to be able to have that for their families to enjoy when they visit. • The campgrounds are on state owned land so that won’t change. The mall is eventually going to be mixed use housing. The village has a bunch of units they are developing but some of those housing units may be transferred to the mall. • If we’re worried about sea level rise, we certainly can’t be building on the bluffs. • The flower fields are huge for our personality. Staged performances there are hugely successful. It’s a great attraction for all ages. Wants to see that stay. Page Break Quality of life and community character How do you define these terms? What do they mean to you? • She’d like to see some way that we could help the city think a little outside the box. People don’t want to see the downtown gentrified, but what can we offer as solutions? Instead of complaining about what we don’t like. Residents need to participate a little more effectively perhaps than they have in the past. Instead of complaining help to suggest solutions. She’s concerned about the homeless but they have a right to live as well. Is there some other way we can accommodate the homeless? Can we think outside the box? Maybe the Sears at the mall – it has utilities, bathrooms, it could be turned over to some kind of housing without reinventing the wheel. Spreading out the burden of how accommodations are allocated throughout the city. • There’s a transit center at the mall. The city owns the parking lot. Great ideas for low income housing. It’s a shame that after all of the upgrades that the mall isn’t thriving. She’s seen these projects in the Midwest where they gave people proper living areas and they became lovely communities. There’s a huge opportunity there. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 262 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes • Senior housing is going up in the middle of nowhere. How do you get to where you need to go? You need a car. No transit. • These are tough questions today. This is going to take more thought than these initial discussions. She hopes the conversation will continue. How do we make change? How do we help our officials make the most effective change for the residents? It’s a very deep discussion and she’s glad it’s begun. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 263 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes City Council 5-Year Strategic Plan Feb. 1, 2022, Workshop Notes Breakout room name: Environmental Sustainability (Group 1) What would you like the City Council to consider when it comes to environmental sustainability? • Trash trucks say they run on natural/clean gas, but there is nothing clean or natural about gas. Trash trucks need to be electric. • I’m concerned with water quality. I live by the beach and have been picking up trash every day. There is a lot of it. I’ve picked up 500 to 1,000 lbs of trash in the last year. There are not enough trash cans in the area. It would help if there were more. It was not like this before the pandemic. • I’d like us to ban gas leaf blowers and lawn mowers. Electric ones are much less noisy. It’s a ‘low-hanging fruit.’ The city could have rebate incentive programs of $50 for each leaf blower. • There’s something in people’s brains that says we can keep putting this off. If the city doesn’t get serious about this (going beyond state and federal regulations), who’s going to? It needs to be done. We’re fortunate because we have the resources to do it. • Encinitas is far beyond state and federal regulations. • Electric bikes are wonderful. The Village has to get more and better bike lanes for electric bikes. • Stanford University has miles of bike paths where no cars are allowed. That would be great. • Northern CA is way ahead of us because they have a public-owned utility. SDGE is not a public-owned utility. • State law that says new buildings have to have solar, but there is a minimum of four panels. The law says more panels can be added, but then there has to be a whole new system. The systems are expensive. Solar panels are coming down in price, why are the systems going up in price? • The utility company has a power plant in Carlsbad. It would be great if the utility company could manage solar repairs for city. • The city declared a climate emergency three months ago. Let’s act like it. • It would be great to have an electric trolley (e.g., Charlotte, NC). • There could be incentives for electric cars. Anyone who buys within city would get a rebate from the city. • I tell people this is the best place in the world to retire because we have unlimited volunteer opportunities. Maybe we could use those resources better if they were better organized or advertised. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 264 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes • There’s this piece of property on corner of Poinsettia and Avenida Encinas. I’d like it to be part of the trails. I can’t get anyone to let me in to clean the trash up. It’s a nice piece of property with trees. The people own it, and we should be able to use it. • I’m very interested in environmental sustainability. I’ve learned a lot through the city. I think the city is doing a good job training. I like that they’re offering rain barrels and classes. Some of the training could be done online or maybe through social media. • Is the composting working like Encinitas? I have a composting bin from years ago, but the worms are all dried up. • We do an induction hot plate program. Every third Saturday, will give an induction hot plate to use. It is on the city website. • Oceanside has a beach erosion program where they’ll be adding jetties. Carlsbad said they didn’t want to, but they should reconsider it. • Lagoons need to be dredged on a regular basis to stay healthy. We should be dredging the lagoons more often. • We were the first city to require water pump water heaters. The ordinance expires in 2023, so it needs to be renewed. • Carlsbad has a lot of businesses involved in new technology. Maybe they could be involved in making some of this tech more efficient (e.g. solar panels). • How about retrofitting all municipal buildings with solar panels? • Ordinances need deadlines, otherwise they have no teeth. • I love the diversity of Carlsbad. • One community member said she would not want to give up her gas stove and barbecue. • All homes should have battery storage. The city should have battery storage, too. • We shouldn’t be relying on massive grids to rely electricity anymore. We should be thinking about mini grids. With the state of the country, I just think it’s the way to go. With everyone getting on the internet, they (e.g., some kind of terrorist) could shut down the whole thing. • About the new garbage rules – maybe the city can provide a special bin to homeowners for raw meat. Five years from now, how will you know this has been successful? • Learning how to count GHG emissions. We have to know how to measure. We don’t really know how bad the emissions are. What will be different? • It will be easier to breathe, especially for people with breathing disorders. • Making GHG emissions zero in five years. We have the money and resources to fix it. • Asking for things like electric garbage trucks. • All city vehicles are slowly going to electric. Replace all city vehicles and make them electric. What will stay the same? Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 265 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes • I like that Carlsbad is a walkable community. Many cities around here are extremely hilly, and Carlsbad is not. People are always outside here. • I’m blown away by all of the things the government is doing, like traffic. The planners did an amazing job here (e.g., wide streets). Environmental sustainability / Climate Action Plan What would you like us to consider as we are creating this plan? • No more gas lines being built by developers in new communities or homes. I want this put into the CAP. I have just electrified my home. I have asthma and I need to be careful of gases in the air. It’s an important thing for people that have breathing problems to not have gas leaks. Homes should be retrofitted (e.g., changing out water heaters and stoves). Nitrous oxide from methane gas is really terrible for you. • Emissions from airport don’t count in the CAP, but they should. We’re in too far of a dire straits situation for that to continue. Airports and gas stations are exempt. There is methane gas coming off of the airport. • How do we fix that? Should we have airplanes fly over the ocean? • Put into the CAP: all government buildings have solar panels. Community solar for people who can’t have panels on their homes. What questions does this raise for you? • What are we planning to do with the funds from Community Choice Energy? What challenges would these kinds of changes face? • Will the city have enough electricity to support the new electric vehicles, etc.? • Will we have enough storage for the electricity we generate all summer long? • Who will maintain solar panels if we retrofit municipal buildings? Maybe city staff can do it. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 266 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes City Council 5-Year Strategic Plan Feb. 1, 2022, Workshop Notes Breakout room name: Environmental sustainability (Group 2) Number of participants total: 7 What would you like the City Council to consider when it comes to Environmental Sustainability? Solar Storage I would like the city to find out what neighborhoods have SDG&E wiring for solar storage capabilities and which do not. This is regarding the CPUC proposed decision regarding electricity rates and the push regarding solar to provide equity and to have solar customers go to storage batteries. Does the program funnel profit to utilities or go to underserved communities. Excellent idea to move to storage batteries. SDG&E indicated that the older part of La Costa neighborhood does not have sufficient availability to support solar storage. Each home would have to pay for wiring. This presents a financial burden to each household. Natural Gas/methane – One resident not in favor of a ban, others in favor of building electrification and no gas hookups We’ve been told that natural gas is a clean fossil fuel, but I’m seeing a trend to push natural gas aside in favor of electric and solar. This concerns me because the USA has a large natural gas reserve. If we outlaw natural gas in homes, we are more vulnerable to global issues. When we say natural gas, it refers to methane. This would be an educational talking point. Can you educate the community about solar heat pumps? Southern California is a good climate for a heat pump to reduce natural gas. Electric hot water heater. Carlsbad could consider efficiencies of scale for sustainable heating in developments. (Katie mentioned that there is a suite of requirements for new developments currently.) Solar Outreach, Education and Promotion Long time resident, moved into mother’s home. Father was on planning commission and mentor to Mayor Matt. I understand Carlsbad has to grow. I have an electric car, and would like to put in solar panels. I would like Carlsbad to have a program for businesses/residents to encourage solar energy. It would be helpful to have an education program to help residents work with SDG&E, etc. The older residents in our community may need a little more help with this. Could the city create a program to bring solar to businesses and residents. Maybe there are a couple solar companies to work with and offer a rebate program of discount using the clout of the city to bring this type of energy to homes/cars/businesses. There could be a bulk purchase option for solar like they have in Palo Alto. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 267 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes What are some of the key issues or challenges the city should focus on? Sustainability Would like the city to consider transitioning to sustainable vehicles and buildings. The city has the capability of being a leader in a lot of areas and has started transitioning buildings, etc. to minimize greenhouse gas emissions. Outreach Ideas to reach the community Several residents would like to see more community outreach related to how residents can be sustainable. Both live and online combination would be fantastic. City Manager Update, email, direct mail. Older people may not view websites and social media as much. Program idea: Try and buy electric cars, landscaping tools: It would be nice if the city hosted a program where you could see and interact with electric vehicles and/or electric blowers, etc. You could do this at festivals, fairs. We also like Zoom and online options. Youth ambassador program idea for schools and students on sustainability topics could be effective to help educate the community. Recycling, dog waste, chemical waste, electric batteries and vehicles, etc. could be good topics. Idea: Land responsibility initiative to educate young people in schools and make it socially responsible not to litter, etc. This could be through the parks department. Alternative to HHW disposal program Hazardous waste cabinet: In Palo Alto, they have a program where residents can bring extra paint, etc. and the city inspects and it and makes it available to the community. Organics Waste Recycling More outreach about new organic waste recycling. Open space Preserving open space, particularly Ponto. If something becomes available, we should do a good faith effort if something becomes available, to be able to respond quickly. Is there a way to do preemptive support to see if we can purchase more expensive land so we don’t lose out on it? We should be proactive in acquiring open land. Ponto is a good example of where the city should do this. Clean Air Would like to see clean air programs. I live in La Costa, and we can smell the smoke from restaurants that hangs in the air. In the Bay Area, they have “Spare the air” days where folks can schedule when to take public transportation, non-polluting activities. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 268 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes Water As the city moves forward with developments, consider water reclamation when building. Composting program Excellent example of the city pushing out information to residents and getting people involved. This is a great program. Plastic waste We should do more to keep plastic out of our oceans. Reduce, reuse and recycle should be incorporated into everything the city it doing. Litter, trash, dog waste in open space/parks/beaches Visitors and crowds leave debris, trash and dog waste. Would like to see more being done about it. Transportation choices We should continue giving people options other than cars. We can build on these programs: Shuttles to downtown, bicycle support/bike racks, safe bike lanes and safe routes to schools. Carlsbad advertises money to bring tourists to the area. Let’s get people to come to the city on the bus. Let’s engage people to learn how wonderful it is to get around on public transit. Energy audits is a good program. Five years from now, how will you know this has been successful? It would look like less waste, trash, dog waste, pesticides and chemicals making their way into the water. Emissions and exhaust I would like to see Carlsbad phase out two stroke engines for blowers, mowers, landscaping tools. In 5 years, it would be great for this to be phased out. This is also an equity issue where making electric blowers, tools are accessible to the community at everyone’s price point. A rebate program or subsidy would be good to help people transition. Environmental sustainability / Climate Action Plan What would you like us to consider as we are creating this plan? Transportation choices: We should continue giving people options other than cars. We can build on these programs: Shuttles to downtown, bicycle support/bike racks, safe bike lanes and safe routes to schools. Trolleys would be helpful to get people around. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 269 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes I like that we don’t have rideshare vehicles littering our streets (scooters, bicycles, etc.) These items have become litter/trash in the communities. The idea is good, the execution is horrid. I like that Carlsbad’s ordinance prevents this. Tree canopy cover and planting trees in the right location to shade buildings, paths, should be included in the Climate Action Plan. We should make sure the trees are appropriate to our climate and not pollen heavy. We did not like a previous city program where a tree was put in resident’s yards, but residents had no control over the type of tree. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 270 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes City Council 5-Year Strategic Plan Feb. 1, 2022, Workshop Notes Breakout room name: Natural Environment (Group 1) Number of participants total: 11 (not including City staff) What would you like the City Council to consider when it comes to the natural environment? • The oceans and lagoons are precious resources • Access to the ocean brings in tourism and money – hotels, restaurants, etc. The visitors to the city keep our economy going • Lagoons are important for oceanic health • Concern about dogs in parks o Talked to surfers who mention that after rainstorms, the ocean has unhealthy levels of dog runoff o Some people don’t follow rules about dogs on lower beach – dogs leave droppings o CA is encouraging birds to build nests along the coast – if they see dogs, they might be discouraged to nest in the area o If something could be done about dogs, that would be great – asking for a “creative solution” o Off leash dogs can be hazardous o Consider creating sections for dogs in parks • Concern about protecting natural environment and live side by side with natural environment • Preserves and connections between preserves are important • 60-acre city land could be used to expand native habitat along the coast w/hiking and biking trails • How is Carlsbad committing to the 30x30 initiative? – 30% of land being saved by 2030 o As the city is developing, how are we preserving land? • Concerns about state mandates and how the City is responding to population growth • Protecting breeding grounds for birds and other native species • 1980s Carlsbad commitment to open space has gotten lost over time. Adopting conservation protocols and wants our City to step up as leaders in the region for environmental protection. • Plan how to preserve and protect lagoons and wetlands as a priceless resources • Strategies for sea level rise and protecting wetlands • Protect land and quality of life for future generations • Consider purchasing Ponto – can the City forward fund or forward approve these expenditures? Give it serious consideration based on community input and price. • Continue to focus on natural environment and open spaces – leave habitat natural and don’t develop with landscaped parks. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 271 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes • Focus on historical and interpretive signage – information about the history, Native American residents, and environmental education about the flora and fauna of the region • Enforcement in parks – keeping bikes off foot trails and natural habitats • Raise public awareness of natural habitat and environmental impact. Volunteers in parks dept can do a nature walk in Calavera or nature talk at low tide at tidepools – engage the community in caring about our environment • Parking along the beach – add QR codes to parking meters so visitors/residents can view open spaces. Make the most of technology • Sandy beaches – public education and advocacy What are some of the key issues or challenges the city should focus on? • Manage recreation in wildlife habitats – striking a balance between recreation and preservation • How sea level rise and climate change impact our natural resources • Degradation of Calavera Highlands Ecological Preserve due to recreation in the area • Advocacy and leadership in the region to promote preservation • Provide education for new and prospective residents about the natural habitat in the region, not just the beach • Funding commitment – shortfall in regional funding sources. Recognizing the need of securing funding on many levels. • Acquiring land when it’s available and have the secured funding to do so • Rely on NGOs and volunteers to assist with supporting the City mission What will be different? • Amount of natural open space will increase • City funding allocated to connect open spaces and acquire natural habitat • Population of sensitive species will increase • All children able to interact with nature in a meaningful way, esp. areas with multifamily housing and apartments (require developers to include parks) What will stay the same? • No loss of endangered plants and species – ex: threadleaf rhodea Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 272 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes City Council 5-Year Strategic Plan Feb. 1, 2022, Workshop Notes Breakout room name: Natural Environment (Group 2) Number of participants total: 4 What would you like the City Council to consider when it comes to the natural environment? • When the city makes decisions, I would like more visibility of what the decisions are and more communication as things progress. E.g. decisions about Veterans Park, when it will be done, how it will open up? Other examples: o The bridge being built at Cannon and El Camino. We have no idea what’s being built there and why. o Retail near Robertson’s Ranch. What is going on with that? Nothing is happening and it would be nice to have that will all of those houses nearby. o Sportspark plans near Robertson’s ranch (near Fire Station 3). What is the status and when is it slated to be done? o More visibility might look like…. communication about these things via email, open city council meetings, a Carlsbad newspaper. • I think the parks are maintained really well, I love that we have the opportunity to garden and I like the natural spaces that have the opportunity for habitat. I also love the classes that the city offers. I would like to see the city encourage planting of native plants. As we are developing new homes, retail, etc. we should encourage planting native plants. By planting more native plants in our yards and in the community, we can provide habitats to different animals that we are displacing with development. • I like the idea of natural environments and connecting natural habitats/corridors. • We have a lot of trails, but let’s not think that we have done all that we can do with trails in the city. • It would be nice to have a policy that neighborhoods, developments and private areas have to follow related to trees – planting and taking down trees, e.g. plant 2 for every one removed. • I would like see a concerted effort to see more areas with trails. Whenever there is a new development, include plans to connect trails through those new communities. • Keep the lagoons free of all of the unnatural plants. I have noticed a lot of reeds growing, especially in the Buena Vista lagoon that are not natural and blocking the water flow. The lagoons seem to have less and less water all the time. We need to save the lagoons because they make Carlsbad special. • When I first started living in Carlsbad, there was a notion that development would be focused on east of El Camino Real. But I am noticing lots of development in the Village now. We need more housing and can’t close the door to development but how can we do so in a way that is kind to our community? Ideas include building more multi-family homes and not single-family homes, taking down buildings we already have and replacing rather than encroaching into natural places. If they made new development Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 273 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes more cohesive (e.g. more city control over the architecture) then maybe we would like the development a bit more. • I am here because I am interested in what’s going on in the city. There is so much change – buildings being torn down, lots of housing, condos, apartments and townhouses going up. • I am wondering what will happen when the power plant comes down, what will that look like, what will go in its place? • I am worried about what parking will be like in Carlsbad with multi family structures being built. It is not bad now, but worried about that this will change with more development. What are some of the key issues or challenges the city should focus on? • Setting aside/finding money/funding for these efforts (trails, open space, lagoon preservation). • Education – educate people about natural environment, native plants – if we could educate people about native plants and that there are attractive options, this might help overcome some people’s reluctance to planting native. • City’s “plant palette” – share this out more. I just discovered this and think it would be good for others to learn about what plantings are endorsed and recommended by the city. • I don’t know how they would go about removing the unnatural reeds in the lagoon. It is impeding the water flow like dams. Want to preserve the lagoons and prevent people from being able to build on land surrounding lagoons as they become smaller and smaller. • It is challenging for residents to know who has authority over different things. How can we be a part of the multi levels of government with protecting the lagoons? Can we have help knowing who to contact – state, federal and other to share our input on protecting the lagoons? How we can be more effective advocates? Five years from now, how will you know this has been successful? What will be different? • More trails and more parks. Continuity of trails throughout the city. Every kind of trails, variety – no specific preference for trail type. It would be nice to have a trail that goes around Agua Hedionda Lagoon. • Native plantings in more places. What will stay the same? • Open space that we have will remain open. Preserve what we have. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 274 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes • Lots of open space remaining – not every spot has houses built on it. We have all these canyons and open space, I hope that those will stay open. • My perfect vision is to keep it as natural as possible, stop over development, stop paving and building over open space. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 275 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes City Council 5-Year Strategic Plan Feb. 1, 2022, Workshop Notes Breakout room name: Carlsbad’s coastline (Group 1) Number of participants total: ~25 What would you like the City Council to consider when it comes to Carlsbad’s coastline? • Protection of the bluffs and what we have left. The beach is narrow, low tide gives us beach, but if we need to shore that up, hope the coast can be protected from boulders, or like Terramar to protect the erosion. • Erosion - protect it. Keep it as natural as possible. • Don’t want to pave paradise and put up a parking lot • Don’t want to see a big parking lot • Erosion is a threat to coastline • Concern – if merging, overlook this area, two to four lanes? Big concern because we already have a lot of traffic noise. Resident of Solamar. • Traffic noise is a concern • Open space would be similar to Terramar Bluffs - warm water bluffs • Minimal concrete • What has the city committed to for the grant? What do we need to do take advantage of that money? Tied to commitments? • No parking lot • No development • Concern - preserve the natural beauty – includes visuals and what we hear. • Live in Solamar- walk along oceanfront and no sidewalk. Close to southbound traffic lanes. • All traffic disturbs enjoyment of walkway • Reduce traffic • Could have 4 lanes, thinks of Leucadia Boulevard. Naturally encourages people to slow traffic with curbs and turns in the road. • Access – community access. Many access points from Cannon to Campland, if you have 4 solid lanes of traffic that will prevent people from enjoying coastline. • Nice access points • Near Kelly Elementary – what I love is the beauty. Can’t stop at the beach but enjoy it regularly by driving past it. No obstructions like in Encinitas with all the buildings along the coastline. • No buildings, no development, no restaurant to obstruct the view. • Already have the Village – don’t have need to develop another area • Make it a park, with benches like La Jolla with pavilion picnic areas along the cliffs • Smooth paths for rollerblading and biking Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 276 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes • Keep it a park and no buildings obstructing the view • This is why I love Carlsbad - these meetings. Thanks for putting this on. • Never go down to two lanes. Slow down traffic but going down from four to two lanes, we’ll learn a hard way. • Not much traffic now, but once things pick up again, rude awakening for 101 if it goes down to two lanes. • Before the I-5 was built, the 101 was so congested. • Widening the I-5 freeway, but going down one lane on Carlsbad Boulevard will bottleneck on a Friday or Saturday. • Keep it beautiful, slow it down, but don’t go down to two lanes • Concern – live at Poinsettia, is the development. We love coastlines. This is the beauty- access to beaches for free. • Active physically – run through the coastline and want to still have the access. • Problematic areas- cycling, running, cars. Would love to see we represent our city values to provide safety for all who enjoy in whatever way we travel. • Median through - crossing safely from one side to another • Main importance – no over development. No more restaurants or hotels to block that. • More green space and access, less parking spaces • Keep it an open and natural space so we can all enjoy what Carlsbad offers • Other north cities don’t offer this. Del Mar, La Jolla- all buildings. • Embrace open natural beauty for all residents in the city • Concern with the bluffs, not much beach. What happens with erosion then whole park thing is gone. • It’ll be more like walkway, not like a park. • Walkways and patches of grass along the walkway – spent so much money and then it’s gone from erosion. • Not happy with going down to two lanes on 101 – nightmare. • Not have any shopping centers. No hotel, Starbucks, buildings to block view • Great to drive on coast highway to see ocean. Get out to walk. • Don’t want to get out around buildings • Taking away beauty of Carlsbad if you have to go around buildings • One lane on each side not good either – bottleneck. • Parking lot creates exhaust for people there • We’re a destination. Between the Village and channelers, the Hilton, Cape Rey and 60 acre piece, there’s no commerce. No interest to Vigilucci’s. Dated. Have to go all the way down to Chandler’s to go to a restaurant. Could be cool to get a couple of restaurants and more revenue options. • More things to do for us locals • We’re known for R&R- restaurants and dining cool to give thought or opportunity • Oceanside to San Diego coastline – so little coastal drive. We’re the fortunate benefactors to still have that. That’s what separates us from Santa Monicas, Del Reys of the world. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 277 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes • No development, no linear park, we don’t need it. • Enough time hard to get cars through that strip of traffic • Need to manage traffic on that strip and leave it alone • Shouldn’t be developing that property – that’s it. • Don’t want to see any shops along coastline – it’s such a unique part of Carlsbad. go inland • Our natural beauty of coast is irreplaceable • Not for moving highway • Look at Ponto Park instead of linear park • Should stay the way it is • Concern – the beach. The sand that has evaporated. Is that part of plan to revive beach along this southern stretch? • Concern – bike suicide lanes. Any plans should have bike safety considered to make lanes not a hazard to the bikers, let alone drivers. • Won’t ride a bike along this street not, it’s suicide. • Solamar- let’s keep what we have with open views of ocean and bluffs. • Fix bluffs and access to the beach – steps down to the beach whether it’s at Solamar drive or paths that have been created. • Can’t believe were talking about moving 101 to the left. • Save our money, because if climate change is real, have to save that money. Rename it the 101. If you drive down 101, see turnarounds. Epic. Old school epic- walk down to the beach and hang out. Can’t do this anywhere else, been here since the 80s. Park at Ponto along the sand. • How to make that U-Turn doable at La Costa. Fix the light. • Destroying view of 101, cannot get that elsewhere. Greatest thing to do with daughter who can’t get to the beach, is parking and seeing view of ocean. • If too loud, reduce lanes in some areas. • Don’t waste money to put restaurant and buildings up after moving lanes. • Historic 101. Don’t need to knock down. • If concerned about climate change, move asphalt – whole beach to use • Don’t understand need to move road. • Erosion • Have to help save what we have left. • There’s this town of Cambria – wooden deck that’s pretty. Raise the platforms so people don’t climb down the cliffs. Pretty ways to give walking areas. Bridge over traveled waters. • Bridge if there’s erosion instead of moving it. • Considering giving space to State Parks? For more camping areas and recreation. Day use lot? Enable access across. • Any estimates to protect the bluffs from further erosion? • Wouldn’t money factor into what you can and cannot do? Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 278 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes What are some of the key issues or challenges the city should focus on? • Addition to making this a park space, linear park space, make sure we’re being careful. Not too much access for additional homeless in this area and cause safety concerns. • In other towns where you get close access to the beach, there’s a park specifically there, it’s harder to manage homelessness there. • As things can and may get worse in years to come, make sure we are prepared to not make it more challenging. Will attract more homeless with a park. o Mission beach, Venice, Santa Monica – concerns for homeless at beaches. Five years from now, how will you know this has been successful? What will be different? • Safety for pedestrians and bikers Carlsbad’s Coastline What do you enjoy most about the coast today? • Open space. • Don’t overbuild • Nature • Don’t want to see over development • Make it even better - not reducing traffic lanes • Focus on Ponto Park – not shoving linear park when it’s there. We know what we want. • Preserved – any expenditure is through government grant? Not coming from taxpayers. • Paid for by federal government • Radio control airspace flyer- fly in dead center – Dave’s Beach – little beach – fly radio controlled planes that are gliders, no noise – peaceful – entertaining o That has a long history in Carlsbad since 1940s o Hate to see that go away like other flying sites that have gone away • Stand out as close as possible along coast to fly planes • Ok with improving Carlsbad Boulevard, but this site maintained by a park, or a sponsored glider park. Strip of this park radio control activity. Glider only (no powered with sound) • Retail down below with condos are a NO. • Love to see changes but want to keep it Carlsbad. • Keep 101 as it is. Want Ponto Park. Needs to be a real 6-8-10 acre park, • Sit down on the grass, picnic blanket and don’t have to be right by the cars whizzing by • Southwest Carlsbad deserves a park. Prefer quiet, peaceful. • Don’t want hotels, restaurants. • Up 101 – there’s the ocean. Felt like driving by, actually going to the beach. Don’t cover it up or make it harder to get to. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 279 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes • No actual access to the beach from the car, from turnaround to Ponto. Great to have a lot to park, or easy way to get family down to the beach like a walk, so you can get down to campground beaches. Like San Elijo campgrounds and beaches. • What I enjoy most – biking. Trips from Orange County to San Diego – first time done ride on bike and when I got to Carlsbad and Terramar, like wow, this is beauty. Favorite part of the entire road. • I drive 101 as much as I can to avoid the 1-5 or El Camino. Make it a point to drive the coast to see the ocean without getting out of the car, not always get out or bike. • Live by the coast – drive by. • Drive up and down the 101 – my wife and I did that almost every day during COVID. It was an outlet that was priceless. That’s the key - maintain that visibility of the beach and ocean. • Improve the access to the beach. Make the beach a beach. It’s a challenge, but part of the cost to reinvigorate the beach to enjoy it once we get down there. • Radio controlled gliders present at that location • I like the highway how it is – two lanes in each direction. The city should concentrate on reinforcing the cliffs to make sure erosion stops, keep natural beauty. There is nothing else like it. • That drive is so beautiful- even for people, I can do nothing but drive. Love that drive. Nice to be able to do that and see coastline. Don’t change. • Nothing – whole idea of pristine view. • No development – no services. Leave it as is. • Open space. • Keep the Village the Village. Don’t develop. • If you’re going to develop the coast, make it nice. Not four-story buildings – hideous. • Open space – nothing to distract. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 280 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes City Council 5-Year Strategic Plan Feb. 1, 2022, Workshop Notes Breakout room name: Carlsbad Coastline (Group 2) Number of participants total: ~25 What would you like the City Council to consider when it comes to the Carlsbad’s Coastline? • This section of the city’s coastline provides the most opportunity to do something very special. • The city has been studying this area for too long, need more beach parking, more beach access, an Oceanview restaurant and coffee shops, better separated bike trails, more facilities along the beach like restrooms • Preserve environmentally sensitive habitat areas along wetlands, lagoons, etc. • Love the coast and enjoy walking there • Need dog friendly walking paths and dog friendly beaches • The existing coastline is gorgeous but is in need of updating and better facilities for recreational users • Sidewalks need fixing by Solara and fences are not attractive • Would prefer to maintain natural vegetation as much as possible, balance with whatever the proposed development may be. • Excited about the opportunity for commerce – besides the Village there are no other areas with waterfront dining, and shopping. • Existing restaurants are dated so it would be very refreshing to have new fine dining restaurants here. • Need to preserve open space, provide parks with ocean vistas/views • Preserving the open space would create a unique destination as the majority of the SoCal coastline is completely developed. • Loves the idea of bike lanes, used to ride a lot but doesn’t feel comfortable biking near high speed roadways like Carlsbad Blvd. Wants separated bike lanes or bike trails. • Need a dog friendly beach • Open stretch of coastline is a unique resource and needs to be preserved. If developed it would ruin the future of the coastline and the most beautiful location in the city. • The coastline as it is a jewel. Loves the sense of tranquility that the current open spaces provides. It’s a delicate coastline. If we are truly concerned about sea level rise why would we want to develop it? • Agrees that this stretch of coastline needs to be preserved • Coming from Huntington Beach which is very overdeveloped and afraid South Carlsbad Blvd will become developed. • Would prefer any development to be placed on the east side of Carlsbad Blvd to maintain an unobstructed view of the coastline. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 281 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes • E-bike user that doesn’t feel safe biking on Carlsbad Blvd. Recommends a bike trail that they can enjoy and feel safe riding at lower speeds. • Would like the council to consider the impacts of sea level rise before making any plans • Recommends we look at the results of the adaptation study by Scripps. Should look at the 2050 Horizon year for sea level rise estimates. Wants full disclosure of the cost and potential impacts due to sea level rise. • Concerned with additional traffic congestion and vehicle emissions which may be created by new development and congestion from bringing Carlsbad Blvd. down to a single lane • Lived here 30 years. Hilton to Island Way is the jewel in the crown of the coastline. The water is breathtaking. Please do not put any development here, must preserve the open space the way it is. It’s the only open coastline left in Carlsbad. • Love’s to hear everyone’s excitement about open space. Agree that open space must be maintained. • Southwest Carlsbad is the jewel of the city. Everything should be done to preserve this space. • Concerned about development being proposed here such as the Ponto hotel. This will impact coastal access, views, and bring more traffic. • Want a linear park along the coastline and it’s vital to preserve the open space. • Agreed that the open space must be maintained. • Consider sea level rise in any proposal • If new development is proposed, this will impact traffic significantly. • Agreement that open space should be maintained. Leave the coastline alone. Our coastline is a precious resource that should be maintained but it should not be developed. • Disappointed with the development going on in the Village, does not want this level of density at S. Carlsbad Blvd. • Does not want Carlsbad to become a Huntington Beach which is overdeveloped and congested. • Surprised that the survey includes an option for development of new businesses or hotels at all. Why are these uses even needed? The open space should be maintained and not developed. • Want a place to ride a bicycle that is safe, to take in nature and recuperate and enjoy the open spaces along the coastline. What are some of the key issues or challenges the city should focus on? • Does the land include the campsite? A: No the project area only includes the city right-of- way or city owned parcels, area west of the fence at the campgrounds. • Issues are that the area needs to be left open and sidewalks/walking areas need to be repaired and maintained better • Development is an issue. There are plenty of other areas in the city where people can go to find good businesses, i.e. Village, inland areas, etc… The coastline should be preserved and kept natural for recreational purposes only. • In agreement with everything everyone is saying about preservation Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 282 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes • Hwy 101 acts as a parallel / alternative route to I-5. Concerned with narrowing Carlsbad Blvd. to single lane each direction when I-5 is congested. It’s a beautiful scenic drive. • Parking is an issue. Parking spillover into residential neighborhoods along the coast is a concern. • Biggest issue is adhering to the general plan, maintaining the right balance of open space is key • Need safer bike and walking trails • Need better connections to the Lagoon trails and surrounding recreational uses • Keeping the open space is necessary • Better bicycle and pedestrian access may address the parking problem • Lack of adequate facilities such as bathrooms, showers, etc. • Want it to be a linear park, travel way for people walking, biking, etc. • Interested in the area being left as open space. No shopping, businesses, small concession stand for food. • Parking should be on the furthest east side, this would preserve views • Not adequate beach access for surfers, swimmers, beach goers. Need ADA compliant ramps, stairs to the beach. • Unanimous- no businesses along the coastline, preserve the open space. Sufficient amount in the Village and other areas • Need more seating, eating/picnic areas, space for recreation. • Development would threaten this valuable and rare resource. • Want dogs on the beach and trails. Currently no good areas for dogs to enjoy the coastline in Carlsbad. • Dogs are less impactful than humans in terms of trash being left on the beach, traffic, etc.. • Homeless population may impact the beach, don’t have a solution but homeless should be addressed as part of any proposal for the coastline area. • Seems like development is approved too quickly. Aesthetics should be considered more when approving structures along the coastline. • Concerned that projects are being approved that don’t actually reflect the renderings that are reviewed at the Planning Commission / City Council • Believes the residents should be considered more than business interest • Maybe its ok to have a little less tax income and have a better quality of like • Changing Carlsbad Blvd to one lane each way would be a disaster. I-5 is a parallel route that when congested spills over to Carlsbad Blvd. • While open space is important. Need something to fund (tax income) the recreational / park amenities that everyone wants with things such as new land uses. • Need designated sources for providing the funding for maintenance • Surf culture needs to be considered and it needs to be easily accessible beaches for surf access • Timeshares provide a tremendous amount of tax don’t need any new development for more tax revenues • Very much against having more the Village like development along the coastline • Bike lanes and walking conditions are currently unsafe • Want some type of educational and recreational component Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 283 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes • Very sensitive to runners, strollers being in the bike lane, need separate space for people biking and walking. • Caution us to not replicate the separated bike facilities in Cardiff where there are too many conflicts with bikes and people walking along the coastline • Need a route specifically for e-bikes. Need to consider how to safely accommodate different users including pedestrians walking, joggers, manual bikes, and higher speed e- bikes... where do they all go? All users need to be considered in any plans. Five years from now, how will you know this has been successful? What will be different? • We will have much better access for people walking, biking, e-bikes, surfing, and people just enjoying the beach. • More people using the beach, on bikes, walking, and surfing in the area. What will stay the same? • Maintain the open space, views, clean beach and natural resources • Open space is such a unique part of the coastline and it must be maintained Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 284 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes City Council 5-Year Strategic Plan Feb. 1, 2022, Workshop Notes Breakout room name: Keeping Our Community Safe (Group 1) Number of participants total: 12 What would you like the City Council to consider when it comes to keeping our community safe? • Fire and police do a great job, resident for 30 yrs • More traffic concern and parking • Traffic; need to complete Cannon and College missing links both for safety standpoint • Great employer in Carlsbad but people have to go home and have to drive all over the place • Have to complete traffic flow • Downtown 1pm lunch parking; parking has gotten to the point where the city needs to come up with a parking plan to increase parking structures downtown • The more we develop downtown the more people will leave their cars downtown • Beach parking could never get a spot but paid parking at Tamarac regulates the parking • Homelessness as far as council is concerned problem isn’t addressed; homeless that don’t want help causing problems in village and wants council to address that problem • Gentleman walking down state street screaming at the top of his lungs talking to himself very frightening • Cops CPD and firefighters are incredible • CPD ensuring public safety is great hats off to great job that you guys do • Thank you for the ebike safety presentation and materials that you guys have been putting out • Thank you for educating parents about the dangers of ebikes • We are experiencing resurfacing in different areas at drop off times for schools and creates huge traffic congestion magnolia, valley, and Carlsbad high; if city can communicate withy contractors on when appropriate time is to do the work • Mental health and homeless issues – example of Be Well OC facility to help folks; overwhelmingly homelessness has become a key word but forgetting they’re individuals that need to be met where they are in their struggle and wondering what the city is going to do to help homeless population and related crime • Thank you for participating and leading this feedback and outreach for the community you guys are doing an excellent job • Ebikes grown exponentially in city and with that growth has come a lot of traffic and minors trying to navigate the roads and creating a traffic issues and personal safety issue not sure they have the education they would need to interact with an automobile • Come up with a plan with how you’re going to educate, register, enforce laws for minors operating ebikes in city Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 285 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes • Has to be accountability at the parent level, if that’s financial or otherwise, because can’t leave it to the kids to be responsible; had two near missed where the child didn’t know how close they came to being significantly harmed • I’ve seen children collide with cars and then keep going, not stopping and not acknowledging that that was an accident; need education that there’s a penal code • Or even confiscate the bike and bring the kid home in a cruiser; I think there has to be more accountability; what we’re doing as a community doesn’t seem to be working • New resident, coming for a few years; the amount of homelessness is incredibly more and noticed other towns around here don’t have as much homelessness; scary at night walking down the street at night or during the day; people don’t have the same sense of control as others • The sidewalks are horribly dirty to the extent have to look down to see where you’re walking • Having clean streets helps reduce the amount of homelessness because if you’re dirty then it’s fine to be dirty • Lighting at night can help reduce homeless • In Manhattan, a police officer walking downtown at all times • People passed out under benches; no officers in sight; people hesitate to call police cause just don’t know that person’s situation • Clean up the town • As far as parking, in the Village Fair it’s really hard to get parking; has changed a lot in last three years • Above ground parking structure would change the character so much • Shuttles with parking farther away or concierge parking or underground parking so it doesn’t ruin the village architecture • Against a parking structure; free shuttles from outside area • Friend with a guy that sleeps in the bushes and at night there’s no police presence; we need the homeless team • Moved here from Santa Cruz and they had a parking structure that you couldn’t even walk into because is was so bad and inhabited by so many homeless • Sometime last year city funded officers on bikes to patrol the Village and I think we saw one bike officer within a few weeks after that was funded and haven’t seen any officers on foot or bikes since then; would like to know where the police dept is on that • City Council support legislation on definition of danger to oneself or to the public that allows law enforcement to remove someone that is not that high of a definition • Cities like Monterey; parking structures can be done tastefully like a two story at the train station or behind the buildings in the village • We need a legitimate police substation in the Village and also a fire station on the west side of I-5 • I see Carlsbad trucks and cars all the time and if they see something they should say something; people in bushes on the rail trail doing something inappropriate I won’t say what; I got to the end of the trail where a public works employee was and asked him to check on it and said he wouldn’t do it and that’s not his job; report when they see an incident or a homeless person or someone in trouble Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 286 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes • There are areas in the Village we know where the encampments are and those areas need to be addressed maybe three or four times a day; I don’t think citizens should be the ones calling • We do have a magnet program the church that feeds the homeless program; is there someone from the homeless team at every feeding? I never see anyone from HOT there • I feel for you Christie because there are items in place like Prop 47 that prevent you from doing your job; I think some of this is the frustrations we’re feeling in the Village area is a direct result of tying hands of law enforcement • I think it is just terrible that PD placed in that terrible position and I support you 100% and I hope there are recruits that wants to sign up to help with homelessness in Carlsbad like what OC has done • There’s also going to be an issue with parking; subterranean parking is the way to go • I appreciate all the work you’re doing after hours to listen to the people of Carlsbad; we appreciate you and what you do • Prop 47 detrimental to public safety; 100% on board with getting rid of that • Homeless people do not stay in one city; traffic between where they can get services so my suggestion is that we continue to grow the regional approach to homelessness; severely mentally ill, really work on that piece for more longer term care; I think we have to, as a community, work with other like communities who are experiencing the same thing and go to our legislators that we want the mentally ill off our streets for longer than 72 hours What are some of the key issues or challenges the city should focus on? • We have a problem with our kids about vaping; if I go down with my wife and I see people vaping I want to hold my breath; it is dangerous to people • There is such a thing a second hand smoke; laws regarding smoking in public areas; need to protect public from second hand vaping; protect from narcotics in the smoke • I would hope the city addresses vaping in condensed areas like the Village • Homeless travelers, transient population in the city; my wife and I swim every morning at 5:30 am; on Armada this past Thursday morning, we counted 4 motor homes and 12 automobiles sleeping overnight on Armada; on Saturday morning we counted 6 motorhomes and 17 cars occupied with people sleeping on the streets at 5:30 am • The last attempt by the city to address this problem, people sleeping on streets would be given a hotel room and social workers would move them; if that’s happening at all that’s happening on a limited basis • I know of at least six other places where people are sleeping in the streets in Carlsbad; whatever we are doing now is not effective • Encinitas seems to be addressing this a little more practically; a safe parking lot established for specific hours; it is monitored by the police and it is a safe place for people to be with no place left to go • People see Carlsbad is a place for free living; I would like to live on Armada Drive for free wouldn’t you; vehicles parked there for weeks or months at a time completely undisturbed and will only get worse as word spreads that Carlsbad is the place to come for a free vacation and the worst that can happen to you is a free hotel room Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 287 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes • At least two cases I know where only in jail for one night and then released to the streets the next day • Does oversized vehicles exclude people living in their cars? Cause that seems to be its own problem • What is the time limit for parking on the street? Also for everyone to understand that a lot of this comes from Sacramento and I feel in my heart so desperately for you cause you can’t do what you signed up to do; it’s really about what the citizens initiatives have done and Sacramento so thank you Christie and your whole team and CPD for what you’re doing to mitigate today • Whether it’s an RV, a car or a tent, we have to address the situation; we do not have the resources in north county to do what we need to do but we can get there Five years from now, how will you know this has been successful? What will be different? • The population along our coastline and our beaches is going to increase drastically • Observing population growth along the beaches; seeing 25,000 people on our beaches on an ordinary Sunday; that population is going to increase and we still have very limited facilities to deal with people management; where are they going to park and use the bathroom • Not the level of sanitation facilities that we need; have no idea how we’re going to go about managing that many people • The beaches are eroding away • Decrease substantially the criminal homeless element and those that are severely mentally ill and the veteran homeless optimistically • State requirements on housing going to increase density in Carlsbad severely; all the issues with parking and traffic going to increase • We do have a density issue in Carlsbad; when I look at the buses, there are two or three people on the busses; SANDAG has a completely different idea • I am a mom and we need to be able to go to Costco and stock up • We have this challenge or opportunity moving forward so this is a wonderful place to voice our opinions on how we want to see Carlsbad moving forward • Grateful for planning commission • Very concerned for what Sacramento is doing to our beautiful community; they have the power to effect negative or positive change for Carlsbad • If we can lower the trains that is a safety issue as well; I support that; and for the noise reduction Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 288 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes City Council 5-Year Strategic Plan Feb. 1, 2022, Workshop Notes Breakout room name: Keeping our Community Safe (Group 2) Number of participants total: 5 What would you like the City Council to consider when it comes to Keeping our community safe? • Community member lives in barrio and is concerned about Windsor Point, the one that is not for Veterans. Doesn’t feel this location is a great place to house persons with mental illness. She would like to see the population change to senior low income living due to not having mental health and behavioral health staff on site 24/7. Beef up restrictions to include taking medication, etc., she understands that there maybe uneasiness as a person gets stabilized. Please consider the impact on neighboring residents. Mental health staffing should be on site 24/7. Curious as to what type of security will be provided? Concerned security can’t make people take their meds and not commit crime. • City Staff: Strict rules as possible for the residents. Security on site. Social work and Behavioral health are there M-F. Security will be on site to enforce the rules of the complex. • Another community member was interested in overall safety, and wished there was a 3- digit number to text for non-emergencies. She was provided the non-emergency number and told that there is no wait and the same dispatchers that answer 911 would also answer the non-emergency calls. • Community member often calls for police response to activity in the barrio and she doesn’t want to be asked if the person is homeless. She doesn’t think it’s important and she is unable to tell at night. • Called 4 times, and the officers never showed up. Was asked for specifics and PD offered follow-up on her calls, but she declined. • The SPIDR survey (used by PD) miscommunicates timeframes for CFS delay causing the reporting party to believe that officers have extreme delay or won’t be responding at all. • Traffic is an issue in the barrio. Roosevelt, Madison (wants to stop signs), Harding isn’t too bad because of the parks. Take away some of the red curbs for parking. • Please upgrading crosswalks and red curbs to make them more visible. Zebra type crosswalks like the one at Jefferson/Madison. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 289 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes • Public servants do a great job (fire/police). Working really hard on the homeless population, but would like more enforcement, education for e-bikes. Children and not understanding the laws and the level of damage they can do to themselves if they are not obeying the laws. • Can the city council do anything to make education mandatory for e-bike riders? • Kids are oblivious when riding their e-bikes. Motorist have to be cautious as well. Separated bike lanes, with poles or bawlers, especially on PCH. • Homeless shifting and moving into different locations. Increase in crime, but not attributing that to the homeless. Is concerned to walk around the village due to aggressive transients. No easy solutions, huge problem. Can’t offer any reasonable solution, understands that it is an issue. Other notes • Windsor Point: There are concerns about security and mental health staffing not being 24/7. Can council consider more funding to keep directed staff onsite 24/7. • Traffic safety in the barrio area: There is a lot of traffic on Roosevelt, Madison and Harding. Perhaps the city council can consider more stop signs, upgrading the crosswalks to make them bigger and more visible and upgrading the red curbs. • E-bike safety: Concerned about children riding recklessly throughout the city. Can city council provide mandatory education and also think about sectioning bike lanes with poles or bawler? • General homelessness: Brief overview was provided on what the Homeless Outreach Team does daily. Can the city council fund more housing for the homeless and also think about bringing in tiny homes. • General increase in crime and what is contributing to this. We discussed the current laws and effects of the pandemic on housing in jails. Questions What does the Homeless Outreach Team do daily? (Brief overview provided). • Staff provided information on housing and bed space. Windsor space 24 units for mentally ill homeless persons. How do we fund and where do we house them? Are we aware of tiny homes like the ones they built in LA? • 30 will be going in in the city of Chula Vista. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 290 of 637 5-Year Strategic Plan Workshop Breakout Room Notes City Council 5-Year Strategic Plan Feb. 1, 2022, Workshop Notes Breakout room name: Other Topics Number of participants total: 1 What would you like the City Council to consider when it comes to other topics that are important to you that were not listed in one of the other breakout groups? • Interested in economics of Carlsbad, supporting & reinvesting in a vibrant economic ecosystem. • Small, medium and large businesses create an ecosystem of wealth that stays in Carlsbad. • Investing in economic infrastructure that Carlsbad has. • Identify how city promotes an environment of regulations that are easily navigated. • Policies that create a climate to promote business creation. • Bring businesses to Carlsbad and create economic infrastructure so Carlsbad is self- supporting. • Promote the creation of small business ownership and the equity in the community it creates. Find ways to make sure wealth that is created is enjoyed by our residents. Investments in our community for our community. • Identify ways to promote Carlsbad and attract quality investments and attention? • Be sure to continue to promote accessibility and mobility services for those that choose to age in place in Carlsbad. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 291 of 637 Summary of Phase I Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update E-1 Appendix E – Additional Comments Includes all additional comments that were received. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 292 of 637 Rincon Band of Luiseño Indians CULTURAL RESOURCES DEPARTMENT One Government Center Lane | Valley Center | CA 92082 (760) 749-1092 | Fax: (760) 749-8901 | rincon-nsn.gov Bo Mazzetti Chairman Tishmall Turner Vice Chair Laurie E. Gonzalez Council Member John Constantino Council Member Joseph Linton Council Member June 22, 2022 Sent via email: Katie.Hentrich@carlsbadca.gov City of Carlsbad Katie Hentrich Climate Action Plan Administrator 1635 Faraday Ave. Carlsbad, CA 92008 Re: Carlsbad Climate action Plan Update Dear Ms. Hentrich: This letter is written on behalf of the Rincon Band of Luiseño Indians (“Rincon Band” or “Tribe”), a federally recognized Indian Tribe and sovereign government. We have received your notification regarding the above- mentioned project and we request consultation to assess potential impacts to cultural resources. The identified location is within the Traditional Use Area (TUA) of the Luiseño people and within the Rincon Band’s specific Area of Historic Interest (AHI). As such, the Rincon Band is traditionally and culturally affiliated to the project area. The Rincon Band is dedicated to managing environmental concerns within our reservation boundaries. As our Traditional Use Area (TUA) is mainly outside of our reservation boundaries, it is critical for the Rincon Band to be involved in the protection of our cultural, including cultural natural, resources within our TUA. From the publically available information, the Tribe understands that this is a policy-based document to reflect new greenhouse gas reduction strategies. The Tribe has the following comments and concerns regarding the Climate Action Plan Update: How are Tribal Cultural Resources that could be impacted by pollution/climate change being identified? It is critical to consider the exposure of our Tribe’s archeological sites and assets to climate impacts such as flooding to ensure their continued protection and preservation. The Band would like the City to consider climate effects and how cultural sites may be vulnerable based on their locations and characteristics. Tribal cultural resources on a low- lying area near water bodies, for example, may be at risk of flooding or sea level rise impacts, which may temporarily or permanently inundate sites, impede access, and corrode certain materials. More frequent and intense rainfall may inundate areas near rivers and streams that were previously outside flood risk zones. Furthermore, traditional gathering places for traditional food sources, basket materials, and other natural resources are mostly outside our reservation boundaries. It is crucial, that impacts to such resources due to pollution and climate change are being assessed and that management plans are being developed, to ensure subsidence of and access to such resources. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 293 of 637 □ How will the City create partnerships with local Tribes to identify culturally-relevant resources, educate about clean energy programs, ensure collaborative efforts for habitat management and reforestation? How will Tribal Traditional Knowledge be incorporated as a vital part of climate initiatives to assess cultural- use plants, foods, habitats, and animals? How will the City identify how pollution and climate changes will affect foods that play a critical role in the Tribe's community and their culture; How will the City establish reporting systems to distribute information regarding potential impacts to these resources to the Tribes? Habitat restoration and reforestation should be conducted in consultation with local Tribes. How will the City protect undeveloped areas to provide conditions for intact ecosystems? We ask to be notified and involved in the entire environmental review process for the entirety of the project’s duration. Please also include the Rincon Band on all distribution lists for environmental document reviews, consultations, circulation of public documents, and notices for public hearings and scheduled approvals. Also, we understand that the Climate Action Plan Update might not be the regulatory document for some of these concerns, and if there are other regulations and guidelines that these issues can be addressed with, we would like to learn how the Tribe can consult on such documents. If you have additional questions or concerns, please do not hesitate to contact our office at your convenience at (760) 749 1092 ext. 323 or via electronic mail at cmadrigal@rincon-nsn.gov. Thank you for the opportunity to protect and preserve our cultural assets. Sincerely, Cheryl Madrigal Tribal Historic Preservation Officer Cultural Resources Manager Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 294 of 637 □ □ □ □ □ Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update F-1 Appendix F – Interim Outreach Activities The following is a list of events that city staff attended to for Climate Action Plan Update outreach activities during the interim period between Phase I and Phase II, October 2022 to October 2023. Table A-2. Interim Outreach Acitivities for the Climate Action Plan Update Date Time Location District Type of Event Host / Partner October 20, 2022 5-7 pm Faraday 2 Citizen's Academy City-sponsored event November 6, 2022 all day Village 1 Carlsbad Village Street Faire Carlsbad Chamber of Commerce December 10, 2022 10-11 am Batiquitos Lagoon Foundation 4 Presentation Batiquitos Lagoon Foundation January 22, 2023 8:30-9:30 am S. Ponto Beach parking lot 4 Tabling during king tides Batiquitos Lagoon Foundation & Sierra Club February 23, 2023 5 pm start Faraday 2 Presentation to Growth Management Committee City committee March 4, 2023 10 am - 1 pm Dove Library 3 Fix-it clinic City-sponsored event April 1, 2023 10 am - 1 pm Cole Library 1 Fix-it clinic City-sponsored event April 8, 2023 10 am - 1 pm Poinsettia Park 3 Eggstravaganza City-sponsored event April 15, 2023 9 am - 1 pm Pine Park 1 Earth Day City-sponsored event April 18, 2023 11:30 am - 12 pm online all Earth Week Lunch and Learn City-sponsored event May 7, 2023 all day Village 1 Carlsbad Village Street Faire Carlsbad Chamber of Commerce August 26, 2023 10 am - 2 pm Library Learning Center 1 Library Learning Center Anniversary City-sponsored event October 5, 2023 5-7 pm Faraday 2 Citizen's Academy City-sponsored event October 10, 2023 7:30-8:30 am online all Presentation to Green Business Committee Carlsbad Chamber of Commerce Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 295 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update G-1 Appendix G – Overview of proposed actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad (Phase II) The English and Spanish versions of the document produced by the city to provide details to stakeholders about the proposed GHG reduction measures and actions for the Climate Action Plan Update are included in the subsequent pages. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 296 of 637 Overview of proposed actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in Carlsbad To support California’s ambitious emissions reduction goals, in 2015, the City of Carlsbad was one of the first cities in the county to adopt a Climate Action Plan that outlined strategies and policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in a measurable way. Climate action plans are comprehensive roadmaps that outline the specific activities that a government agency will undertake to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Climate action plans generally focus on those activities that can achieve the relatively greatest emission reductions in the most cost-effective manner. These plans typically include: • Specific city-sponsored initiatives and actions that the city controls directly, such as operations at city buildings and the types of cars in the city’s fleet. • Policies to direct, guide or influence actions of third parties, such as a requirement to recycle food scraps and energy efficiency standards for new building construction. State laws California’s Assembly Bill 32, known as the Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006, was the first program in the country to take a comprehensive, long-term approach to addressing climate change. Senate Bill 32, passed in 2016, expands upon Assembly Bill 32 and requires a reduction in greenhouse gas emissions of at least 40% below the 1990 levels by 2030 and, via Assembly Bill 1279, passed in 2022, a long-term requirement to reduce greenhouse gas emissions at least 85% below 1990 levels by 2045. Why is the city updating its Climate Action Plan? Since 2015, state targets have been updated, and we have more current information about the amount of GHG emissions generated by different sources in Carlsbad. This is called our “GHG inventory.” Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 297 of 637 Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 2 What are greenhouse gas emissions? Gases that trap heat in the atmosphere are often called “greenhouse gases,” or GHGs. Burning fossil fuels generate greenhouse gas emissions, like carbon dioxide and methane, which contribute to climate change. The major GHGs that are being emitted into the atmosphere include: Carbon dioxide (CO2) Methane (CH4) Nitrous oxide (N2O) Hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs) Perfluorocarbons (PFCs) Sulfur hexafluoride (SF6) Nitrogen trifluoride (NF3) How are GHGs generated? Greenhouse gas emissions typically come from the following actions: • The operation of city offices, community centers, libraries and other buildings • Energy to operate streetlights and traffic signals • Energy required to pump water to homes and businesses • Energy required to pump wastewater from homes and businesses to the treatment plant, plus the energy to treat and dispose of the wastewater • Vehicles, such as fire trucks, police cars, utility trucks and cars • Equipment like bulldozers, skip loaders and excavators • Power generation for homes and businesses • Energy needed to collect and process trash, recycling, and organics Sources of GHGs in Carlsbad Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego, 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 298 of 637 Electricity, 27% Natural gas, 14% Other vehicles/ equipment, 3% Solid waste, 4% Water treatment/delivery, 1 % Wastewater treatment, 0.30% Transportation (on roads/streets), 51 % Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 3 Proposed actions In early 2022, the city asked the public to shape the Climate Action Plan Update by providing input on environmental sustainability needs and priorities. This public input was used to help develop the proposed actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. These actions are described on the following pages, including: • Projected GHG reductions • Measures of success • Data to be used • Related benefits • Timeframe • Equity considerations Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 299 of 637 Baseline inventory Climate Action Plan Adopt target Forecast emissions Select strategies Funding & Monitor, track implementation progress Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 4 Wastewater/Wastewater System Improvements Actions Continue making improvements to the City of Carlsbad’s collection system, including but not limited to upgrading lift stations Supporting actions Update the city’s Wastewater Master Plan Explore system improvements based on the updated Wastewater Master Plan GHG reduction 2035 59 metric tons 2045 0 metric tons How will we measure success? Energy usage at wastewater facilities Reduce wastewater collection energy intensity 10% by 2035 and supply lift stations with 100% renewable/carbon free electricity from Clean Energy Alliance Data to be used Wastewater energy/usage data What other benefits do these actions provide? Improved water quality in our oceans and lagoons. Timeframe Ongoing Equity considerations Promote rebate or incentive programs (e.g., multi-family, low-income) Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 300 of 637 + II qa Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 5 Water System Improvements Actions Continue making improvements to the Carlsbad Municipal Water District’s potable and recycled water systems, including but not limited to upgrading recycled water pumps, expanding use of recycled water, and using renewable energy to power facilities Supporting actions Continue to explore local water supply options and assess feasibility and cost to benefit ratio Assess feasibility and seek funding for renewable energy and/or storage at Carlsbad Municipal Water District facilities GHG reduction 2035 1,516 metric tons 2045 1,583 metric tons How will we measure success? Water usage/energy data Achieve the active and passive water conservation described in 2020 UWMP (2,295 AF within CMWD service area and 2,981 AF within the entire city by 2035) Supply recycled water pump stations with 100% renewable/carbon free electricity from Clean Energy Alliance Data to be used Water usage/energy data; water demand projections What other benefits do these actions provide? Improved water quality in our oceans and lagoons. Timeframe Ongoing Equity considerations Promote rebate or incentive programs (e.g., multi-family, low-income) Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 301 of 637 + II qa Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 6 Renewable Energy at Municipal Facilities Actions Increase percentage of renewable electricity purchased for existing city facilities and street and safety lighting to 100% Have 100% renewable electricity be the default for new city facilities Eliminate natural gas use from city facilities Supporting actions Coordinate with the city’s energy suppliers on the purchase of 100% renewable electricity (e.g., “Green Impact” level from Clean Energy Alliance) Continue certifying city facilities in the Carlsbad Green Business Program to incorporate as many sustainable activities as possible Leverage local and regional partnerships and seek funding to support identified energy efficiency upgrades Upgrade all street and safety lighting to more energy efficient options GHG reduction 2035 396 metric tons 2045 386 metric tons How will we measure success? Clean Energy Alliance opt-up date (estimated 2025); natural gas phase-out date Data to be used # of facilities on 100% renewable electricity # of street and safety lights on 100% renewable electricity What other benefits do these actions provide? Reduced energy usage Timeframe Long-term Equity considerations Establish additional city facilities as “cool zones” using social, economic, and environmental data Support high-road green job growth Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 302 of 637 + II qa Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 7 Community Choice Energy Actions Continue the participation in the Clean Energy Alliance Community Choice Energy program Supporting actions Explore the purchase of renewable energy credits if Community Choice Energy program is not reaching 2035 goal Support promotion of Clean Energy Alliance’s customer programs and encourage CEA customers to participate Set 100% renewable electricity (e.g., “Green Impact”) as the default option for customers GHG reduction 2035 17,110 metric tons 2045 0 metric tons How will we measure success? CEA participation rates; # of customers at 100% 100% renewable electricity (CEA Green Impact) as the default CEA option Data to be used CEA participation rates # of customers at 100% renewable # of customers that opt down below 100% renewable What other benefits do these actions provide? Reduced energy usage Timeframe Ongoing Equity considerations Promote Clean Energy Alliance’s customer programs Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 303 of 637 + II ap Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 8 Nonresidential Building Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Actions Continue implementing existing building energy efficiency and water heater ordinances (adopted in 2019) Update city’s building code, or “reach code”, with energy efficiency and renewable energy requirements in non-residential buildings (new construction + additions/ alterations over a certain threshold) *GHG emissions reduced by 2035 and 2045 only assumes implementation of Primary Action 1 Supporting actions Analyze feasibility of eligible sites for renewable energy infrastructure across all city facilities, leveraging any preexisting analyses that are applicable Assess feasibility of installing solar panels over parking spots at city facilities Seek grant funding for installation of renewable energy infrastructure at existing and new city facilities (e.g., solar, battery storage, microgrids) GHG reduction 2035 770 metric tons 2045 1,296 metric tons How will we measure success? Reach code update adopted # of buildings that reach code update would apply to Data to be used # and size of projects installed Energy usage of projects s (e.g., kWH) Building permit data applicable to reach code (# of buildings, sq. ft. of building spaces, etc.) What other benefits do these actions provide? Reduced energy usage Timeframe Ongoing Equity considerations Support high-road green job growth Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 304 of 637 + II qa Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 9 Residential Building Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy Actions Continue implementing existing building energy efficiency and water heater ordinances (adopted in 2019) Update city’s building code, or “reach code”, with energy efficiency and renewable energy requirements in residential buildings (new construction + additions / alterations over a certain threshold Supporting actions Explore updating the Home Energy Score Assessment Program Leverage Clean Energy Alliance and SDG&E customer programs, or other similar programs Explore pilot programs and incentives to educate residents on energy efficiency and renewable energy options for new and existing buildings GHG reduction 2035 3,212 metric tons 2045 3,710 metric tons How will we measure success? Reach code update adopted # of buildings (single-family and multi-family homes) and # of water heaters that reach code update would apply to Data to be used Building permit data applicable to reach code What other benefits do these actions provide? Reduced energy usage Timeframe Ongoing Equity considerations Explore new pilot phase for Home Energy Score Assessment Program to provide free scores to low-income, multi-family, seniors, etc. Support high-road green job growth Design new pilot programs or incentives to target low-income, multifamily, seniors, etc. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 305 of 637 + II qa Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 10 Building Energy Benchmarking Actions Develop, adopt, and implement a building energy benchmarking ordinance Supporting actions Prepare a building stock analysis Explore options and best practices for requiring existing commercial and residential buildings of a certain size to submit energy data annually Conduct education and outreach to building owners and the public regarding new requirements GHG reduction 2035 4,308 metric tons 2045 7,358 metric tons How will we measure success? # of buildings within ordinance requirements Building square footage within ordinance requirements Data to be used Benchmarking data submitted via Portfolio Manager What other benefits do these actions provide? Reduced energy usage Timeframe Medium-term Equity considerations Design program to be “equity first”, leveraging existing resources from other jurisdictions (e.g., City of Seattle, City of Denver, City of Minneapolis) Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 306 of 637 + II qa Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 11 Decarbonize Existing Buildings Actions Reduce energy usage in existing residential buildings, particularly existing residential buildings not covered by any reach code requirements Supporting actions Explore updating the Home Energy Score Assessment Program Leverage Clean Energy Alliance and SDG&E customer programs, or other similar programs Seek external funding to launch and/or leverage existing pilot programs and incentives to support existing building decarbonization (e.g., appliance exchange, weatherization, solar PV installation, battery storage) Leverage building stock analysis (prepared for E-5) to target existing buildings GHG reduction 2035 22,356 metric tons 2045 44,305 metric tons How will we measure success? Reduce 30% natural gas use from existing buildings (equivalent to electrifying 12,000 homes, or approximately 25% of the housing units in 2045) Data to be used # of homes participating in programs; # of homes fully or partially electrified; reduction in natural gas use at homes participating in programs; residential energy usage data from utility providers What other benefits do these actions provide? Reduced energy use; improved air quality; improved public health; increased local green jobs Timeframe Long-term Equity considerations Target outreach and incentives for multifamily, low-income, seniors, etc.; explore new pilot phase for Home Energy Score Assessment Program to provide free scores to low-income, multi-family, seniors, etc. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 307 of 637 + II qa Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 12 Solid Waste and Organic Waste Diversion Actions Reduce waste disposal to 4.2 pounds per person per day (or the equivalent of a 75% diversion rate) by 2035 and thereafter Divert 75% organic waste (85% from residential and 15% from commercial) by 2035 and thereafter Supporting actions Research ordinance for requirement of a percentage of disposal for organic waste Encourage maximum organics diversion from local businesses Establish a Construction & Demolition diversion program Maximize edible food recovery Establish a program for permitted haulers for proper diversion of all waste streams Continue implementing existing Sustainable Materials Management systems and ordinances citywide, including at city facilities and events Continue implementing existing compost and mulch giveaway programs; explore launching new giveaway programs that target specific users Update the city’s sustainable purchasing policy to include regulatory requirements for sustainable procurement Pursue vendor contracts to help implement diversion goals and monitor compliance GHG reduction 2035 31,776 metric tons 2045 37,040 metric tons How will we measure success? 75% diverted solid waste; 75% diverted organic waste Data to be used Disposal of solid waste; tons of edible food recovered; disposal of organic waste What other benefits do these actions provide? Reduced waste; increased local green jobs Timeframe Ongoing Equity considerations Outreach and incentive/rebate programs for multi-family, low-income, seniors, etc. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 308 of 637 + II qa Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 13 Traffic Calming & Optimization Actions Continue optimizing traffic signals within the city, adjusting as needed as traffic volumes and conditions change, and coordinating along major corridors Install roundabouts or traffic circles when feasible, utilizing the city’s engineering standard for intersection control Supporting actions Leverage the Sustainable Mobility Plan and Intersection Control Evaluation engineering standards to determine the location of new roundabouts and traffic circles GHG reduction 2035 1,334 metric tons 2045 746 metric tons How will we measure success? # of roundabouts and traffic circles; # of traffic signals optimized 10 roundabouts or traffic circles by 2035 Traffic signals optimized at 20 intersections by 2035 Data to be used # of roundabouts and traffic circles; # of traffic signals optimized What other benefits do these actions provide? Reduced waste; increased local green jobs Timeframe Ongoing Equity considerations Layer social, economic, and environmental data to assess where improvements go Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 309 of 637 + II ~ Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 14 Transportation Demand Management Ordinance Actions Continue implementing and enforcing existing Transportation Demand Management ordinance mandating TDM improvements and strategies for non- residential development Update TDM ordinance to modify existing threshold for compliance (e.g., reducing Average Daily Trips threshold) as well as streamlining of other reporting requirements, as appropriate, by 2045 Supporting actions Continue surveying businesses, pursuant to the TDM ordinance, to monitor implementation and track compliance Update TDM strategies as new technology emerges Educate commuters on alternative commute choices and resources available GHG reduction 2035 3,254 metric tons 2045 8,533 metric tons How will we measure success? Current TDM ordinance metric (40% alternative mode share for new development and 30% for existing development by 2035) Date ordinance updated Data to be used Mode shift for commuters based on TDM surveys; # of businesses involved; updates to TDM Handbook # of employees of the businesses (new development, existing buildings/tenant improvements) What other benefits do these actions provide? Improved air quality; reduced Timeframe Ongoing Equity considerations Explore creating incentives for implementing TDM plan strategies for community- based organizations Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 310 of 637 + II Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 15 Safe Routes to School Actions Continue implementing a Safe Routes to School program to encourage walking and biking to school Supporting actions Leverage the city’s Sustainable Mobility Plan to determine location-specific improvements Seek funding to launch Safe Routes to Schools programs at additional school sites Leverage the Sustainable Mobility Plan to conduct Safe Routes to School-related education and outreach activities at schools throughout the city GHG reduction 2035 70 metric tons 2045 39 metric tons How will we measure success? Mode share at schools with Safe Routes to Schools programs # of students walk or bike to school at schools with Safe Routes to Schools programs Data to be used Mode share counts at program sites; # of students walking or biking to school at program sites What other benefits do these actions provide? Enhanced safety; improved public safety Timeframe Ongoing Equity considerations Layer social, economic, and environmental data to assess where improvements go Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 311 of 637 + II Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 16 Bikeway System Improvements Actions Construct 7.9 added miles of bike lanes Improve 61.2 miles of Class II bike lanes to Class II buffered bike lanes Continue other bikeway system improvements, as available Supporting actions Leverage the city’s Sustainable Mobility Plan to determine location of bikeway system improvements and secure bike parking and/or storage Explore launch of a citywide bikeshare program, such as the City of Encinitas’s program Evaluate the city’s Supportive Bicycle Infrastructure, such as adding new bicycle parking at highly used coastal destinations, bike repair stations, and additional bike-related amenities GHG reduction 2035 566 metric tons 2045 324 metric tons How will we measure success? Miles of added bike lanes installed by class; existing bike lanes improved by class Data to be used Active Transportation monitoring report for mode share counts; amount of bike lane installed and improved What other benefits do these actions provide? Enhanced safety, reduced traffic congestion, improved access to low-cost transportation options, improved public health, improved air quality Timeframe Ongoing Equity considerations Layer social, economic, and environmental data to assess where improvements go Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 312 of 637 + Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 17 Pedestrian System Improvements Actions Add 60.5 miles of sidewalk Supporting actions Utilize the city’s Sustainable Mobility Plan and Multimodal Traffic Impact Fee to identify suitable locations for pedestrian system improvements, focusing on creating safer and more user-friendly infrastructure to facilitate ease of use for pedestrians GHG reduction 2035 547 metric tons 2045 307 metric tons How will we measure success? Miles of sidewalk installed; miles of sidewalk improved Data to be used Amount of sidewalk installed; amount of sidewalk improved What other benefits do these actions provide? Enhanced safety, improved public health, reduced traffic congestion, improved access to low-cost transportation options, enhanced community character, improved air quality Timeframe Ongoing Equity considerations Layer social, economic, and environmental data to assess where improvements go Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 313 of 637 + II qa Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 18 Local Transportation Improvements Actions Explore local transportation improvements to provide sustainable on-demand, flexible fleet transit and first mile last-mile solutions Supporting actions Leverage existing regional transportation plans (e.g., North County Comprehensive Multimodal Corridor Plan) to add or update improvements to the transportation system within Carlsbad Leverage the Multimodal Transportation Impact Fee for implementation of local transportation improvements Coordinate with regional and local agencies and partners on influencing transportation improvements throughout the region and within Carlsbad GHG reduction 2035 N/A metric tons 2045 N/A metric tons How will we measure success? Information from pending MTIF update Data to be used Ridership/usage data once local improvements are launched; TBID Circuit program data; AT Monitoring report; annual GMP monitoring program for vehicle traffic volumes What other benefits do these actions provide? Improved public health, improved access to low-cost transportation options, improved community character, improved air quality Timeframe N/A Equity considerations Layer social, economic, and environmental data to assess where improvements go Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 314 of 637 + Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 19 Municipal Transportation Demand Management Program Actions Continue implementing existing telecommute program for eligible city staff Supporting actions Establish a comprehensive Transportation Demand Management program for city staff to provide resources and incentives for alternative commutes, such as a carpool matching program for city staff GHG reduction 2035 92 metric tons 2045 51 metric tons How will we measure success? Alternative commute rates; distance traveled Data to be used Telecommuting data; other TDM program participation data, if launched; travel distance between home and work for staff who telecommute What other benefits do these actions provide? Improved air quality, reduced traffic congestion, improved public health Timeframe Ongoing Equity considerations N/A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 315 of 637 + Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 20 Increase Public Zero Emission Infrastructure Actions Increase the number of zero emission miles traveled within the city by installing and incentivizing public zero emission vehicle and bicycle infrastructure Supporting actions Seek external funding and/or partnerships for installation of zero emission vehicle and bicycle infrastructure (e.g., Clean Energy Alliance customer programs) Explore creation of incentive programs for new construction and existing buildings to install zero emission vehicle and bicycle infrastructure beyond building code requirements Continue education and outreach on zero emission vehicle options and rebates Update existing Electric Vehicle Siting Plan to incorporate additional sites for zero emission vehicle and bicycle infrastructure, as well as new technologies, expanded zero emission vehicle types, and best practices Explore employee purchase programs to encourage workplace charging for city staff GHG reduction 2035 N/A (supporting Advanced Clean Cars II) metric tons 2045 N/A (supporting Advanced Clean Cars II) metric tons How will we measure success? # of charging stations installed Data to be used kWH distributed from public-facing chargers; DMV/CVRP data on # of ZEVs purchased/licensed citywide; # of charging stations installed What other benefits do these actions provide? Improved air quality Timeframe Ongoing Equity considerations Prioritize installation using social, economic, and environmental data Launch and/or promote incentive or rebate programs to install zero-emission charging infrastructure and/or purchase zero-emission vehicles Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 316 of 637 + II qa Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 21 Zero Emission City Fleet Actions Continue transition and expansion of the city’s zero emission fleet Install zero emission charging infrastructure to support fleet conversion needs Supporting actions Establish city fleet regulations for idling Update fleet conversion plan to include updates to technology, legislation, and other best practices Research technology options and purchase technology to sustain city fleet operations during emergencies Transition all passenger fleet vehicle purchases after FY 2022-23 to be electric vehicles, with the exception of public safety vehicle purchases, which will be electric where feasible Update city policies to encourage use of zero emission vehicles wherever feasible GHG reduction 2035 1,059 metric tons 2045 592 metric tons How will we measure success? Fleet vehicle purchase policies established; # of fleet vehicles transition to zero- emission; total % of fleet that is zero emission 100% of fleet light-duty vehicles and trucks to be zero emission; 100% of fleet heavy duty vehicles to use renewable diesel Data to be used # of zero-emission fleet vehicles; petroleum fuel reduction; kWH chargers from fleet zero emission charging station What other benefits do these actions provide? Improved air quality, improved public health Timeframe Ongoing Equity considerations N/A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 317 of 637 + II ~ Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 22 Parking Management Strategies Actions Reduce vehicle miles traveled per capita citywide through parking management strategies Supporting actions Implement and update city’s parking management strategies (e.g., Parking Study and Management Plan, Village and Barrio Master Plan) to encourage alternative modes of transportation throughout the city GHG reduction 2035 N/A metric tons 2045 N/A metric tons How will we measure success? Information from pending Parking Study and Management Plan update Data to be used VMT per capita What other benefits do these actions provide? Improved air quality, improved public health Timeframe Long-term Equity considerations Layer social, economic, and environmental data to assess where improvements go Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 318 of 637 + Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 23 Convert Gas-Powered Leaf Blowers Actions Develop, adopt, and implement an ordinance prohibiting the use of gas-powered leaf blowers Supporting actions Leverage existing State and regional resources to promote trade-in of existing gas-powered leaf blowers or other similar incentives Conduct outreach regarding the new requirements GHG reduction 2035 396 metric tons 2045 386 metric tons How will we measure success? Ordinance adopted Reduce 100% emissions from gas-powered leaf blowers by 2035 and thereafter Data to be used Data on # of calls for public usage; # of leaf blowers converted in city equipment What other benefits do these actions provide? Reduced energy use, improved public health, improved air quality Timeframe Short-term Equity considerations Launch and/or promote incentive program for trading out leaf-blowers Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 319 of 637 + Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 24 Increase Renewable or Alternative Fuel Construction Equipment Actions Develop, adopt, and implement an ordinance requiring new developments and significant land moving and construction projects to use electric powered or alternatively fueled construction equipment that reduces 50% of emissions from project construction activities Supporting actions Exempt small residential and non-residential projects from this requirement Conduct outreach regarding new requirements Seek external funding and leverage existing resources to support conversion of medium and heavy duty vehicles GHG reduction 2035 4,698 metric tons 2045 15,081 metric tons How will we measure success? Ordinance adopted Reduce 50% emissions from construction activities by 2045 Data to be used Fuel reduced by construction equipment What other benefits do these actions provide? Improved air quality; improved public health Timeframe Medium-term Equity considerations Support high-road green job growth Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 320 of 637 + II ~ Climate Action Plan Update Proposed measures/actions 25 Community Forest Management Actions Increase city’s tree inventory by continuing to implement the Community Forest Management Plan To help sustain the city’s tree inventory, continue replacing trees at a 2:1 ratio Conduct an inventory to assess urban canopy cover every five years Supporting actions Explore additional locations for tree planting beyond what is included in the Community Forest Management Plan, with “right tree right space”, ongoing budget, and maintenance costs taken into consideration Encourage eligible residents to take part in a free street tree planting assessment GHG reduction 2035 7,536 metric tons 2045 11,984 metric tons How will we measure success? # of trees added Add an average 500 new trees to city’s tree inventory per year through 2025 (3,500 total trees) Achieve 32% urban canopy cover, or double the current canopy cover, by 2045 Data to be used # of trees added per year; # of trees replaced per year; citywide tree canopy cover What other benefits do these actions provide? Reduced heat island effects, enhanced community character, improved air quality, improved water quality, improved public health, increased natural habitat, improved resilience to climate impacts Timeframe Ongoing Equity considerations Prioritize tree planting using social, economic, and environmental data Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 321 of 637 + II qa 1 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Resumen de las acciones propuestas para reducir las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero en Carlsbad A efecto de respaldar los ambiciosos objetivos de reducción de emisiones de California, en 2015, la ciudad de Carlsbad fue una de las primeras ciudades del condado en adoptar un Plan de Acción Climática que establece estrategias y normas para reducir las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero de manera mensurable. Los Planes de Acción Climática son mapas de trayectoria integrales que describen las actividades específicas que emprenderá una agencia gubernamental para reducir las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. Los Planes de Acción Climática generalmente se centran en aquellas actividades que pueden lograr las reducciones de emisiones relativamente superiores con mayor eficiencia de costo. Estos planes normalmente incluyen: ● Iniciativas y acciones específicas patrocinadas por la ciudad controladas por esta directamente, como las operaciones en los edificios de la ciudad y los tipos de automóviles en la flota de la ciudad. ● Normas para dirigir, guiar o influir en acciones de terceros, como el requisito de reciclar restos de comida y los estándares de eficiencia energética para la construcción de nuevos edificios. ¿Por qué la ciudad actualiza su Plan de Acción Climática? Desde 2015, se han actualizado los objetivos estatales y tenemos información más actualizada sobre la cantidad de emisiones de GEI generadas por diferentes fuentes en Carlsbad. Esto se llama nuestro “inventario de GEI”. Leyes estatales El Proyecto de Ley 32 de la Asamblea de California, conocido como Ley de Soluciones al Calentamiento Global de 2006, fue el primer programa del país que adoptó un enfoque integral y de largo plazo para abordar el cambio climático. El Proyecto de Ley del Senado 32, aprobado en 2016, amplía el Proyecto de ley 32 de la Asamblea y requiere una reducción de las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero de al menos un 40% por debajo de los niveles de 1990 para 2030 y, a través del Proyecto de Ley 1279 de la Asamblea, aprobado en 2022, un requisito a largo plazo para reducir emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero al menos un 85% por debajo de los niveles de 1990 para 2045. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 322 of 637 2 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas ¿Qué son exactamente las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero? Los gases que atrapan el calor en la atmósfera con frecuencia se denominan “gases de efecto invernadero” o GEI (o GHG, por sus siglas en inglés). La quema de combustibles fósiles genera emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero, como dióxido de carbono y metano, que contribuyen al cambio climático. Los principales GEI que se están emitiendo a la atmósfera incluyen: Dióxido de carbono (CO2) Metano (CH4) Óxido nitroso (N2O) Hidrofluorocarbonos (HFC) Perfluorocarbonos (PFC) Hexafluoruro de azufre (SF6) Trifluoruro de nitrógeno (NF3) ¿Cómo se generan los GEI? Las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero normalmente provienen de las siguientes acciones: ● El funcionamiento de oficinas municipales, centros comunitarios, bibliotecas y otros edificios. ● Energía necesaria para operar alumbrado público y señales de tránsito ● Energía necesaria para bombear agua a hogares y empresas ● Energía necesaria para bombear aguas residuales desde hogares y negocios a la planta de tratamiento residual, más la energía para tratar y eliminar dichas aguas residuales. ● Vehículos, como camiones de bomberos, coches de policía, camiones utilitarios y coches. ● Equipos como bulldozers, volquetes y excavadoras. ● Generación de energía para hogares y empresas. ● Energía necesaria para recolectar y procesar basura, reciclaje y materia orgánica. Fuentes de GEI en Carlsbad Centro de Iniciativas de Política Energética, Universidad de San Diego, 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 323 of 637 Electrtcldad, 27% Gas natural, 14% Otros vehlculb.s/equlpos, 3% Residuos sO[idos, 4% Tratamlento/entre,ga,d'e agua, 1% Tratamlento de aguas reslduales, 0.30% Transporte (en carreteras/calles), 511% 3 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Acciones propuestas A principios de 2022, la ciudad pidió al público que ayudara a dar forma a la Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática, brindando información sobre las necesidades y prioridades de sustentabilidad ambiental. Este aporte público se utilizó para ayudar a desarrollar las siguientes acciones propuestas para reducir las emisiones de gases de efecto invernadero. • Reducciones de GEI proyectadas • Medidas de éxito • Datos a utilizar • Beneficios relacionados • Periodo de tiempo • Consideraciones de equidad Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 324 of 637 lnventario de referenda Plan de Acci6n Climatica Adopci6n del objetivo P1rev,isi6n de emisiones Selecci6n de estrategia Financiamiento Monitoreo y e seguimiento del implementad6n progreso 4 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Aguas residuales/mejoras al sistema de aguas residuales Acciones Continuar realizando mejoras en el sistema de recolección de la ciudad de Carlsbad, incluidas, entre otras, la mejora de las estaciones de bombeo. Acciones de apoyo Actualizar el Plan Maestro de Aguas Residuales de la ciudad. Explorar mejoras al sistema basadas en el Plan Maestro de Aguas Residuales actualizado. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 59 toneladas métricas 0 toneladas métricas ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? Uso de energía en instalaciones de aguas residuales. Reducir en un 10% la intensidad energética en la recolección de aguas residuales para 2035 y suministrar a las estaciones de bombeo electricidad 100% renovable/libre de carbono de Clean Energy Alliance. Información a utilizar Datos de energía/uso de aguas residuales. ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Mejora de la calidad del agua en nuestros océanos y lagunas. Cronograma En curso. Consideraciones de equidad Promover programas de reembolsos o incentivos (por ejemplo, multifamiliares, de bajos ingresos). Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 325 of 637 + ffll EF 5 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Mejoras al sistema de agua Acciones Continuar realizando mejoras en los sistemas de agua potable y reciclada del Distrito Municipal de Agua de Carlsbad, incluidas, entre otras, la actualización de las bombas de agua reciclada, la ampliación del uso de agua reciclada y el uso de energía renovable para alimentar las instalaciones. Acciones de apoyo Continuar explorando opciones locales de suministro de agua y evaluar la viabilidad y la relación costo-beneficio. Evaluar la viabilidad y buscar financiación para energía renovable y/o almacenamiento en las instalaciones del Distrito Municipal de Agua de Carlsbad. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 1,516 toneladas métricas. 1,583 toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? Datos de uso de agua/energía Lograr la conservación activa y pasiva del agua descrita en el UWMP de 2020 (2295 AF dentro del área de servicio de CMWD y 2981 AF dentro de toda la ciudad para 2035). Suministrar estaciones de bombeo de agua reciclada con electricidad 100% renovable/libre de carbono de Clean Energy Alliance. Información a utilizar Datos de uso de agua/energía; proyecciones de demanda de agua. ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Mejora de la calidad del agua en nuestros océanos y lagunas. Cronograma En curso. Consideraciones de equidad Promover programas de reembolsos o incentivos (por ejemplo, multifamiliares, de bajos ingresos). Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 326 of 637 + 1111 ~ 6 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Energías renovables en instalaciones municipales Acciones • Aumentar al 100% el porcentaje de electricidad renovable comprada para las instalaciones existentes de la ciudad; así como el alumbrado público y seguridad. • Hacer que la electricidad 100% renovable sea la opción predeterminada para las nuevas instalaciones de la ciudad. • Eliminar el uso de gas natural de las instalaciones de la ciudad. Acciones de apoyo • Coordinar con los proveedores de energía de la ciudad la compra de electricidad 100% renovable (por ejemplo, nivel de “Impacto Verde” de Clean Energy Alliance). • Continuar certificando instalaciones de la ciudad en el Programa Green Business de Carlsbad para incorporar tantas actividades sostenibles como sea posible. • Colaborar con las asociaciones locales y regionales; y buscar financiación para respaldar las mejoras de eficiencia energética identificadas. • Actualizar todo el alumbrado público y de seguridad a opciones más eficientes energéticamente. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 396 toneladas métricas. 386 toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? Información a utilizar Fecha de adhesión a Clean Energy Alliance (estimada para 2025); fecha de eliminación del gas natural. # de instalaciones con electricidad 100% renovable. # de alumbrado público y de seguridad con electricidad 100% renovable. ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Reducción del consumo de energía. Cronograma A largo plazo. Consideraciones de equidad Establecer instalaciones urbanas adicionales como “zonas frías” utilizando datos sociales, económicos y ambientales. Apoyar el crecimiento de empleos verdes de alto nivel. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 327 of 637 7 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Energía de elección comunitaria (Community Choice Energy) Acciones Continuar la participación en el programa Community Choice Energy de Clean Energy Alliance. Acciones de apoyo Explorar la compra de créditos de energía renovable si el programa Community Choice Energy no alcanza la meta para 2035. Apoyar la promoción de los programas para clientes de Clean Energy Alliance y alentar a los clientes de CEA a participar. Establecer electricidad 100% renovable (por ejemplo, “Impacto verde”) como la opción predeterminada para los clientes. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 17,110 toneladas métricas. 0 toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? Tasas de participación en CEA; # de clientes al 100%. Electricidad 100% renovable (CEA Green Impact) como opción CEA predeterminada. Información a utilizar Tasas de participación en CEA. # de clientes 100% renovables. # de clientes que optan por menos de 100% renovable. ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Reducción del consumo de energía. Cronograma En curso. Consideraciones de equidad Promover los programas para clientes de Clean Energy Alliance. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 328 of 637 8 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Eficiencia energética de edificios no residenciales y energías renovables Acciones • Continuar implementando las ordenanzas existentes sobre eficiencia energética de edificios y calentadores de agua (adoptadas en 2019). • Actualizar el código de construcción de la ciudad, o “código de alcance”, con requisitos de eficiencia energética y energía renovable en edificios no residenciales (nuevas construcciones + adiciones/modificaciones por encima de un cierto umbral). • *La reducción de las emisiones de GEI para 2035 y 2045 solo supone la implementación de la acción primaria 1. Acciones de apoyo • Analizar la viabilidad de sitios elegibles para infraestructura de energía renovable en todas las instalaciones de la ciudad, aprovechando cualquier análisis preexistente que resulte aplicable. • Evaluar la viabilidad de instalar paneles solares en plazas de estacionamiento en las instalaciones de la ciudad. • Buscar subvenciones para la instalación de infraestructura de energía renovable en instalaciones urbanas nuevas y existentes (por ejemplo, energía solar, almacenamiento de baterías, microrredes). Reducción GEI 2035 2045 770 toneladas métricas. 1,296 toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? • Actualización del código de alcance adoptada. • El número de edificios a los que se aplicaría la actualización del código de alcance. Información a utilizar • # y tamaño de proyectos instalados. • Uso de energía de los proyectos (p. ej., kWH) • Datos del permiso de construcción aplicables al código de alcance (nº de edificios, pies cuadrados de espacios de construcción, etc.) ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Reducción del consumo de energía. Cronograma En curso. Consideraciones de equidad Apoyar el crecimiento de empleos verdes de alto nivel. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 329 of 637 + II EF 9 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Eficiencia energética de edificación residencial y energías renovables Acciones • Continuar implementando las ordenanzas existentes sobre eficiencia energética de edificios y calentadores de agua (adoptadas en 2019). • Actualizar el código de construcción de la ciudad, o “código de alcance”, con requisitos de eficiencia energética y energía renovable en edificios residenciales (nuevas construcciones + adiciones/modificaciones por encima de un cierto umbral). Acciones de apoyo • Explorar la actualización del Programa de evaluación de puntaje de energía del hogar. • Aprovechar los programas para clientes de Clean Energy Alliance y SDG&E, u otros programas similares. • Explorar programas piloto e incentivos para educar a los residentes sobre eficiencia energética y opciones de energía renovable para edificios nuevos y existentes. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 3,212 toneladas métricas. 3,710 toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? Actualización del código de alcance adoptada El número de edificios (viviendas unifamiliares y multifamiliares) y el número de calentadores de agua que a los cuales se aplicaría la actualización del código de alcance. Información a utilizar Datos del permiso de construcción aplicables al código de alcance. ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Reducción del consumo de energía. Cronograma En curso. Consideraciones de equidad • Explorar una nueva fase piloto para el Programa de Evaluación de Puntuación de Energía del Hogar para proporcionar puntuaciones gratuitas a familias multifamiliares, de bajos ingresos, personas mayores, etcétera. • Apoyar el crecimiento de empleos verdes de alto nivel. • Diseñar nuevos programas piloto o incentivos dirigidos a personas de bajos ingresos, multifamiliares, personas mayores, etc Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 330 of 637 + 10 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Evaluación comparativa energética de edificios Acciones Desarrollar, adoptar e implementar una ordenanza de evaluación comparativa de energía en edificios. Acciones de apoyo Preparar un análisis del stock de edificios. Explorar opciones y mejores prácticas para exigir que los edificios comerciales y residenciales existentes de cierto tamaño presenten anualmente sus datos energéticos. Llevar a cabo educación y divulgación a los propietarios de edificios y al público sobre los nuevos requisitos. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 4,308 toneladas métricas. 7,358 toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? # de edificios dentro de los requisitos de la ordenanza Metros cuadrados de construcción dentro de los requisitos de la ordenanza. Información a utilizar Datos de evaluación comparativa enviados a través del gestor de proyectos (Portfolio Manager). ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Reducción del consumo de energía. Cronograma A mediano plazo. Consideraciones de equidad Diseñar el programa para que sea “la equidad primero”, aprovechando los recursos existentes de otras jurisdicciones (por ejemplo, las ciudades de Seattle, Denver y Minneapolis). Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 331 of 637 + ffll EF 11 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Descarbonización de los edificios existentes Acciones Reducir el uso de energía en edificios residenciales existentes, particularmente en edificios residenciales existentes que no están cubiertos por ningún requisito del código de alcance. Acciones de apoyo • Explorar la actualización del Programa de Evaluación de Puntuación de Energía del Hogar. • Aprovechar los programas para clientes de Clean Energy Alliance y SDG&E, u otros programas similares. • Buscar financiación externa para lanzar y/o aprovechar programas piloto e incentivos existentes para apoyar la descarbonización de los edificios existentes (por ejemplo, intercambio de electrodomésticos, climatización, instalación de energía solar fotovoltaica, almacenamiento de baterías). • Aprovechar el análisis del stock de edificios (preparado para E-5) para centrarse en los edificios existentes. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 22,356 toneladas métricas. 44,305 toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? Reducir un 30% el uso de gas natural en los edificios existentes (equivalente a electrificar 12.000 hogares, o aproximadamente el 25% de las unidades de vivienda en 2045). Información a utilizar # de hogares que participan en programas; # de viviendas total o parcialmente electrificadas; reducción del uso de gas natural en los hogares participantes de los programas; datos de uso de energía residencial de proveedores de servicios públicos. ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Reducción del uso de energía; mejora de la calidad del aire; mejora de la salud pública; aumento de empleos verdes locales. Cronograma A largo plazo. Consideraciones de equidad Enfocarse en la divulgación y los incentivos para los hogares multifamiliares, de bajos ingresos, personas mayores, etc; explorar una nueva fase piloto para el Programa de Evaluación de Puntuación de Energía del Hogar para proporcionar puntuaciones gratuitas a hogares de bajos ingresos, multifamiliares, personas mayores, etc. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 332 of 637 12 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Desvío de residuos sólidos y residuos orgánicos Acciones • Reducir la eliminación de desechos a 4,2 libras por persona por día (o el equivalente a una tasa de desvío del 75%) para 2035 y en lo sucesivo. • Desviar el 75% de los residuos orgánicos (85% de los residenciales y 15% de los comerciales) para 2035 y en lo sucesivo. Acciones de apoyo • Ordenanza de investigación para exigencia de un porcentaje de eliminación de residuos orgánicos • Fomentar el máximo desvío de productos orgánicos de los locales. • Empresas • Establecer un programa de desvío de Construcción y Demolición • Maximizar la recuperación de alimentos comestibles • Establecer un programa para transportistas autorizados para el desvío adecuado de todos los flujos de residuos. • Continuar implementando los sistemas y ordenanzas existentes de gestión de materiales sostenibles en toda la ciudad, incluso en instalaciones y eventos de la ciudad. • Continuar implementando programas existentes de entrega de abono y mantillo; explorar el lanzamiento de nuevos programas de obsequios dirigidos a usuarios específicos • Actualizar la política de compras sostenibles de la ciudad para incluir requisitos reglamentarios para adquisiciones sustentables. • Buscar contratos con proveedores para ayudar a implementar objetivos de desvío y monitorear el cumplimiento. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 31,776 toneladas métricas. 37,040 toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? 75% de residuos sólidos desviados; 75% de residuos orgánicos desviados. Información a utilizar Eliminación de residuos sólidos; toneladas de alimentos comestibles recuperados; eliminación de residuos orgánicos. ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Reducción de residuos; aumento de empleos verdes locales. Cronograma En curso. Consideraciones de equidad Programas de divulgación e incentivos/reembolsos para hogares multifamiliares, de bajos ingresos, personas mayores, etc. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 333 of 637 + II qa 13 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Reducción y optimización del tráfico vial Acciones Continuar optimizando las señales de tráfico dentro de la ciudad, ajustándolas según sea necesario a medida que cambien los volúmenes y las condiciones del tráfico, y coordinando a lo largo de los corredores principales. Instalar rotondas o glorietas cuando sea posible, utilizando el estándar de ingeniería de la ciudad para el control de intersecciones. Acciones de apoyo Aprovechar los estándares de ingeniería del Plan de Movilidad Sostenible y la Evaluación de Control de Intersecciones para determinar la ubicación de nuevas rotondas y glorietas. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 1,334 toneladas métricas. 746 toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? # de rotondas y rotondas; # de señales de tráfico optimizadas. 10 rotondas o glorietas para 2035. Semáforos optimizados en 20 intersecciones para 2035. Información a utilizar # de rotondas y rotondas; # de señales de tráfico optimizadas. ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Reducción de residuos; aumento de empleos verdes locales. Cronograma En curso. Consideraciones de equidad Analizar datos sociales, económicos y ambientales para evaluar hacia dónde van las mejoras. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 334 of 637 14 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Ordenanza de gestión de la demanda de transporte c • Continuar implementando y haciendo cumplir la ordenanza existente de Gestión de la Demanda de Transporte que exige mejoras y estrategias de TDM para el desarrollo no residencial. • Actualizar la ordenanza TDM para modificar el umbral existente de cumplimiento (por ejemplo, reducir el umbral de promedio de viajes diarios), así como simplificar otros requisitos de presentación de informes, según corresponda, para 2045. Acciones de apoyo • Continuar encuestando empresas, conforme al MDT • ordenanza, para monitorear la implementación y realizar un seguimiento de su cumplimiento. • Actualizar las estrategias de TDM a medida que surja nueva tecnología. • Educar a los viajeros sobre opciones alternativas de viaje y • recursos disponibles. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 3,254 toneladas métricas. 8,533 toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? Métrica de ordenanza TDM actual (40% de participación en modos alternativos para nuevos desarrollos y 30% para desarrollos existentes para 2035) Fecha de actualización de la ordenanza. Información a utilizar Cambio de modo para viajeros basado en encuestas TDM; # de empresas involucradas; actualizaciones del manual de TDM. # de empleados de las empresas (nuevo desarrollo, edificios existentes/mejoras de inquilinos). ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Mejora de la calidad del aire; reducción de residuos Cronograma En curso. Consideraciones de equidad Explorar la creación de incentivos para implementar estrategias del plan TDM para organizaciones comunitarias. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 335 of 637 + Ill p 15 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Rutas seguras a la escuela. Acciones Continuar implementando un programa de Rutas Seguras a la Escuela para fomentar caminar y andar en bicicleta a la escuela. Acciones de apoyo Aprovechar el Plan de Movilidad Sostenible de la ciudad para determinar mejoras específicas de la ubicación. Buscar fondos para lanzar programas de Rutas Seguras a las Escuelas en sitios escolares adicionales. Aprovechar el Plan de Movilidad Sostenible para llevar a cabo actividades educativas y de divulgación relacionadas con Rutas Seguras a la Escuela en escuelas de toda la ciudad. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 70 toneladas métricas. 39 toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? Modo compartido en escuelas con programas Rutas Seguras a las Escuelas # de estudiantes que caminan o van en bicicleta a la escuela en escuelas con programas de Rutas Seguras a las Escuelas Información a utilizar El modo compartido cuenta en los sitios del programa; # de estudiantes caminando o en bicicleta a la escuela en los sitios del programa ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Seguridad mejorada; mejora de la seguridad pública. Cronograma En curso. Consideraciones de equidad Analizar datos sociales, económicos y ambientales para evaluar hacia dónde van las mejoras. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 336 of 637 16 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Mejoras al sistema de ciclovías Acciones Construir 7.9 millas adicionales de carriles para bicicletas Mejorar 61.2 millas de carriles para bicicletas Clase II a Clase II carriles bici protegidos Continuar con otras mejoras al sistema de ciclovías, según estén disponibles. Acciones de apoyo Aprovechar el Plan de Movilidad Sostenible de la ciudad para determinar la ubicación de las mejoras del sistema de ciclovías y el estacionamiento y/o almacenamiento seguro de bicicletas. Explore el lanzamiento de un programa de bicicletas compartidas en toda la ciudad, como el programa de la ciudad de Encinitas. Evaluar la infraestructura de apoyo para bicicletas de la ciudad, como agregar nuevos estacionamientos para bicicletas en destinos costeros muy utilizados, estaciones de reparación de bicicletas y servicios adicionales relacionados con las bicicletas. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 566 toneladas métricas. 324 toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? Millas de carriles para bicicletas adicionales instalados por clase; Carriles para bicicletas existentes mejorados por clase. Información a utilizar Informe de monitoreo de transporte activo para recuentos de modos compartidos; aumento y mejora de los carriles para bicicletas. ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Mayor seguridad, reducción de la congestión del tráfico, mejor acceso a opciones de transporte de bajo costo, mejor salud pública, mejor calidad del aire. Cronograma En curso. Consideraciones de equidad Analizar datos sociales, económicos y ambientales para evaluar hacia dónde van las mejoras. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 337 of 637 17 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Mejoras al sistema peatonal Acciones Agregar 60.5 millas de aceras. Acciones de apoyo Utilizar el Plan de Movilidad Sostenible y la Tarifa de Impacto del Tráfico Multimodal de la ciudad para identificar ubicaciones adecuadas para mejoras del sistema peatonal, enfocándose en crear una infraestructura más segura y fácil de usar para facilitar el uso de los peatones. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 547 toneladas métricas. 307 toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? Millas de acera instaladas; millas de acera mejoradas Información a utilizar Cantidad de aceras instaladas; cantidad de aceras mejoradas. ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Mayor seguridad, mejor salud pública, reducción de la congestión del tráfico, mejor acceso a opciones de transporte de bajo costo, mayor carácter comunitario, mejor calidad del aire Cronograma En curso. Consideraciones de equidad Analizar datos sociales, económicos y ambientales para evaluar hacia dónde van las mejoras. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 338 of 637 18 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Mejoras en el transporte local Acciones Explorar mejoras en el transporte local para brindar transporte de flota flexible y sustentable a pedido y soluciones de primera milla y última milla. Acciones de apoyo Aprovechar los planes de transporte regionales existentes (por ejemplo, el Plan Integral del Corredor Multimodal del Condado Norte) para agregar o actualizar mejoras al sistema de transporte dentro de Carlsbad. Aprovechar la Tarifa de Impacto del Transporte Multimodal para la implementación de mejoras en el transporte local. Coordinar con agencias y socios regionales y locales sobre influyendo en las mejoras del transporte en todo el región y dentro de Carlsbad. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 N/A toneladas métricas. N/A toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? Información de la actualización MTIF pendiente. Información a utilizar Datos de uso/número de pasajeros una vez que se lancen las mejoras locales; Datos del programa del circuito TBID; Informe de seguimiento AT; Programa anual de seguimiento de GMP para volúmenes de tráfico de vehículos. ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Mejor salud pública, mejor acceso a opciones de transporte de bajo costo, mejor carácter comunitario, mejor calidad del aire. Cronograma N/A Consideraciones de equidad Analizar datos sociales, económicos y ambientales para evaluar hacia dónde van las mejoras. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 339 of 637 19 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Programa de gestión de la demanda de transporte municipal Acciones Continuar implementando el programa de teletrabajo existente para el personal municipal que reúne los requisitos de elegibilidad. Acciones de apoyo Establecer un programa integral de gestión de la demanda de transporte para que el personal de la ciudad proporcione recursos e incentivos para viajes alternativos, como un programa de combinación de viajes compartidos para el personal de la ciudad. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 92 toneladas métricas. 51 toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? Tarifas de viaje alternativas; distancia viajada Información a utilizar Datos de teletrabajo; otros datos de participación en el programa TDM, si este se implementa; distancia recorrida entre el hogar y el trabajo para el personal que teletrabaja. ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Mejora de la calidad del aire, reducción de la congestión del tráfico, mejora de la salud pública. Cronograma En curso. Consideraciones de equidad N/A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 340 of 637 20 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Incrementar la infraestructura pública de cero emisiones Acciones Aumentar el número de millas recorridas con cero emisiones dentro de la ciudad mediante la instalación e incentivos de infraestructura pública para vehículos y bicicletas de cero emisiones. Acciones de apoyo • Buscar financiación externa y/o asociaciones para la instalación de infraestructura para vehículos y bicicletas con cero emisiones (por ejemplo, programas para clientes de Clean Energy Alliance). • Explorar la creación de programas de incentivos para construcciones nuevas y edificios existentes para instalar infraestructura para vehículos y bicicletas con cero emisiones más allá de los requisitos del código de construcción. • Continuar con la educación y la divulgación sobre opciones y reembolsos de vehículos con cero emisiones. • Actualizar el Plan de Ubicación de Vehículos Eléctricos existente para incorporar sitios adicionales para infraestructura de bicicletas y vehículos de cero emisiones, así como nuevas tecnologías, tipos ampliados de vehículos de cero emisiones y mejores prácticas. • Explorar programas de compra de empleados para fomentar el cobro en el lugar de trabajo para el personal de la ciudad. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 N/A (que apoyan Advanced Clean Cars II) toneladas métricas. N/A (que apoyan Advanced Clean Cars II) toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? # de estaciones de carga instaladas. Información a utilizar KWH distribuidos desde cargadores al público; Datos del DMV/CVRP sobre el número de ZEV comprados/licenciados en toda la ciudad; # de estaciones de carga instaladas. ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Mejora en la calidad del aire. Cronograma En curso. Consideraciones de equidad Priorizar la instalación utilizando datos sociales, económicos y ambientales. Lanzar y/o promover programas de incentivos o reembolsos para instalar infraestructura de carga de cero emisiones y/o comprar vehículos de cero emisiones. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 341 of 637 + Ill qa 21 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Flota municipal cero emisiones Acciones • Continuar la transición y expansión de la flota cero emisiones de la ciudad • Instalar infraestructura de carga de cero emisiones para respaldar las necesidades de conversión de flotas. Acciones de apoyo • Establecer regulaciones para la flota en reposo de la ciudad. • Actualizar el plan de conversión de flota para incluir actualizaciones de tecnología, legislación y otras mejores prácticas. • Investigar opciones tecnológicas y comprar tecnología para sostener las operaciones de la flota de la ciudad durante emergencias. • Hacer la transición de todas las compras de flotas de vehículos de pasajeros después del año fiscal 2022-23 para que sean vehículos eléctricos, con la excepción de las compras de vehículos de seguridad pública, que serán eléctricas cuando sea posible. • Actualizar las normas de la ciudad para fomentar el uso de vehículos de cero emisiones siempre que sea posible. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 1,059 toneladas métricas. 592 toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? Implementación de normas de compra de vehículos de flota; # de vehículos de la flota pasan a tener cero emisiones; % total de la flota que es cero emisiones. El 100% de la flota de vehículos ligeros y camiones será de cero emisiones; el 100% de la flota de vehículos pesados utilizará diésel renovable. Información a utilizar. # de vehículos de flota de cero emisiones; reducción de combustibles derivados del petróleo; Cargadores kWH de las estaciones de carga cero emisiones de la flota. ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Mejor calidad del aire, mejor salud pública. Cronograma En curso. Consideraciones de equidad N/A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 342 of 637 + Ill qa 22 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Estrategias de gestión de estacionamiento Acciones Reducir las millas recorridas por vehículos per cápita en toda la ciudad mediante estrategias de gestión de estacionamiento. Acciones de apoyo Implementar y actualizar las estrategias de gestión de estacionamiento de la ciudad (por ejemplo, Estudio y Plan de Gestión de Estacionamiento, Plan Maestro de Pueblos y Barrios) para fomentar modos de transporte alternativos en toda la ciudad. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 N/A toneladas métricas. N/A toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? Información de la actualización pendiente del Estudio de Estacionamiento y Plan de Gestión Información a utilizar VMT per cápita ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Mejor calidad del aire, mejor salud pública. Cronograma A largo plazo. Consideraciones de equidad Análisis social, económico y ambiental de datos para evaluar hacia dónde van las mejoras. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 343 of 637 23 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Convertir sopladores de hojas que usen gasolina Acciones Desarrollar, adoptar e implementar una ordenanza que prohíba el uso de sopladores de hojas que usen gasolina. Acciones de apoyo Aprovechar los recursos estatales y regionales existentes para promover el intercambio de sopladores de hojas que usen gasolina u otros incentivos similares. Realizar divulgación sobre los nuevos requisitos. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 396 toneladas métricas. 386 toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? Ordenanza adoptada Reducir el 100% de las emisiones de los sopladores de hojas que usen gasolina para 2035 y posteriormente. Información a utilizar Datos sobre # de llamadas de uso público; # de sopladores de hojas convertidos en equipos en uso de la ciudad. ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Reducción del uso de energía, mejora de la salud pública, mejora de la calidad del aire. Cronograma A corto plazo. Consideraciones de equidad Lanzar y/o promover un programa de incentivos para el intercambio de sopladores de hojas. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 344 of 637 24 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Aumentar los equipos de construcción con combustibles renovables o alternativos Acciones Desarrollar, adoptar e implementar una ordenanza que exija que los nuevos desarrollos y proyectos importantes de construcción y movimiento de tierras utilicen equipos de construcción eléctricos o de combustible alternativo que reduzcan el 50% de las emisiones de las actividades de construcción del proyecto. Acciones de apoyo Eximir a los pequeños proyectos residenciales y no residenciales de este requisito. Realizar divulgación sobre nuevos requisitos. Buscar financiación externa y aprovechar los recursos existentes para apoyar la conversión de vehículos de servicio mediano y pesado. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 4,698 toneladas métricas. 15,081 toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? Ordenanza adoptada Reducir un 50% las emisiones de las actividades de construcción para 2045. Información a utilizar Reducciones en el combustible utilizado por equipos de construcción. ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Mejora en la calidad del aire; mejoras a la salud pública. Cronograma A mediano plazo. Consideraciones de equidad Apoyar el crecimiento de empleos verdes de alto nivel Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 345 of 637 25 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Manejo forestal comunitario Acciones • Aumentar el inventario de árboles de la ciudad al continuar implementando el Plan de Manejo Forestal Comunitario. • Para ayudar a sostener el inventario de árboles de la ciudad, continuar reemplazando árboles en una proporción de 2:1. • Realizar un inventario para evaluar la cobertura verde urbana cada cinco años. Acciones de apoyo • Explorar ubicaciones adicionales para plantar árboles más allá de lo incluido en el Plan de Manejo Forestal Comunitario, teniendo en cuenta el “espacio adecuado para los árboles”, el presupuesto continuo y los costos de mantenimiento. • Aliente a los residentes elegibles a participar en una evaluación gratuita de plantación de árboles en las calles. Reducción GEI 2035 2045 7,536 toneladas métricas. 11,984 toneladas métricas. ¿Cómo vamos a medir los logros? # de árboles agregados Agregar un promedio de 500 árboles nuevos al inventario de árboles de la ciudad por año hasta 2025 (3500 árboles en total). Lograr una cobertura de dosel urbano del 32%, o duplicar la cobertura de dosel actual, para 2045. Información a utilizar # de árboles agregados por año; # de árboles reemplazados por año; cubierta de copas de árboles en toda la ciudad. ¿Qué otros beneficios aportan estas acciones? Reducción de los efectos de las islas de calor, mejora del carácter comunitario, mejora de la calidad del aire, mejora de la calidad del agua, mejora de la salud pública, aumento del hábitat natural, mejora de la resiliencia a los impactos climáticos. Cronograma En curso Consideraciones de equidad Priorizar la plantación de árboles utilizando datos sociales, económicos y ambientales. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 346 of 637 + II ~ 26 Actualización del Plan de Acción Climática Medidas/acciones propuestas Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 347 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update H-1 Appendix H – Stakeholder Contact List (Phase II) A list of all stakeholders that were contacted by the city and invited to participate in stakeholder interviews and complete the online survey is included in the subsequent pages. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 348 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update H-2 Name Organization Stakeholder Group Date(s) E- Mailed Date + Type of Follow- Up Meeting Environmental Sustainability mailing list N/A N/A Oct. 18, 2023 N/A City Manager weekly email subscription list N/A N/A Oct. 19, 2023; Nov. 9, 2023 N/A San Diego Regional Climate Collaborative mailing list N/A N/A Nov. 3, 2023 N/A Hannah Gbeh BIA SD Building/Industry Oct. 18, 2023 Nov. 8, 2023 - presentation to North County Legislative Committee (virtual) Melanie Woods CA Apartment Association Building/Industry Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Christine Davis Carlsbad Village Association Business Association Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Tommy Thompson North County SD Association of Realtors Business Association Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Debra Rosen North San Diego Business Chamber Business Association Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Chris Thorne North San Diego Business Chamber Business Association Oct. 19, 2023 N/A W. Erik Bruvold San Diego North Economic Development Council Business Association Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Mark Cafferty San Diego Regional Economic Development Corporation Business Association Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Bret Schanzenbach Carlsbad Chamber of Commerce Business Association Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Judy Frankel Bike Walk Carlsbad Bike/Pedestrian Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Cindy Cremona Bike Walk Carlsbad Bike/Pedestrian Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Nicole Burgess Bike Walk Carlsbad Bike/Pedestrian Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Michael von Neumann Bike Walk Carlsbad Bike/Pedestrian Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Michell Thitathan Bike Walk Carlsbad Bike/Pedestrian Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Colin Parent Circulate San Diego Bike/Pedestrian Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Dara Braitman Circulate San Diego Bike/Pedestrian Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 349 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update H-3 Name Organization Stakeholder Group Date(s) E- Mailed Date + Type of Follow- Up Meeting Andy Hanshaw San Diego County Bicycle Coalition Bike/Pedestrian Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Will Rhatigan San Diego County Bicycle Coalition Bike/Pedestrian Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Chloe Lauer San Diego County Bicycle Coalition Bike/Pedestrian Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Norval Lyon North County Cycle Club Bike/Pedestrian Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Ken Chin-Purcell North County Cycle Club Bike/Pedestrian Oct. 19, 2023 N/A NOT IN MASTER SHEET Bike the Coast San Diego Bike/Pedestrian Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Deborah Mossa Batiquitos Lagoon Foundation Environmental Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Denise Brown Batiquitos Lagoon Foundation Environmental Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Diane Nygaard Preserve Calavera Environmental Oct. 18, 2023 Nov. 1, 2023 - virtual meeting Ellen Bartlett Preserve Calavera Environmental Oct. 18, 2023 Nov. 1, 2023 - virtual meeting Joan Herskowitz Buena Vista Audubon Society Environmental Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Natalie Shapiro Buena Vista Audubon Society Environmental Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Lisa Cannon-Rodman Agua Hedionda Lagoon Foundation Environmental Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Travis Kemnitz SD Audubon Society Environmental Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Mitch Silverstein Surfrider Environmental Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Matt O'Malley SD Coastkeeper Environmental Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Steve Morris I Love a Clean San Diego Environmental Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Kathleen Friends of Cardiff & Carlsbad State Beaches Environmental Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Dee Dee Flynn Friends of Cardiff & Carlsbad State Beaches Environmental Oct. 19, 2023 N/A John Hamilton Friends of Cardiff & Carlsbad State Beaches Environmental Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 350 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update H-4 Name Organization Stakeholder Group Date(s) E- Mailed Date + Type of Follow- Up Meeting Stephen Flynn Friends of Cardiff & Carlsbad State Beaches Environmental Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Karl Adlinger Sierra Club Environmental Oct. 18, 2023 Oct. 25, 2023 - virtual meeting Paige DeCino Sierra Club Environmental Oct. 18, 2023 Oct. 25, 2023 - virtual meeting Lynda Daniels Sierra Club Environmental Oct. 18, 2023 Oct. 25, 2023 - virtual meeting Mike McMahon Sierra Club Environmental Oct. 18, 2023 Oct. 25, 2023 - virtual meeting Madison Coleman Climate Action Campaign Environmental Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Serena Pelka Climate Action Campaign Environmental Oct. 23, 2023 N/A Masada Disenhouse SD 350 Environmental Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Anne Sheridan SD 350 Environmental Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Katrina Olson SD 350 Environmental Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Sarah Stay Cool 4 Grandkids Environmental / Underrepresented Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Livia Borak Coast Law Group Environmental Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Marco Gonzalez Coastal Environmental Rights Foundation Environmental Oct. 19, 2023 N/A NOT IN MASTER SHEET Coastal Environmental Rights Foundation Environmental Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Genevieve Black Woman's Club of Carlsbad Underrepresented Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Sierra Lambert, Zoe Goldstein (may have graduated since last contacted) Carlsbad Cleanup Crew (student group) Underrepresented / Environmental Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 351 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update H-5 Name Organization Stakeholder Group Date(s) E- Mailed Date + Type of Follow- Up Meeting NOT IN MASTER SHEET Mira Costa College Community Education and Workforce Development Underrepresented Oct. 19, 2023 N/A NOT IN MASTER SHEET North San Diego County NAACP Underrepresented Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Yusef Miller North County Equity and Justice Coalition Underrepresented Oct. 19, 2023 N/A NOT IN MASTER SHEET North County LGBTQ Resource Center Underrepresented Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Max Rome North County LGBTQ Resource Center Underrepresented Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Marylynn McCorkle Alliance for Regional Solutions Underrepresented Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Carmen Mojado Saving Sacred Sites / San Luis Rey Band of Mission Indians Underrepresented Oct. 20, 2023 Nov. 21, 2023 - presentation to San Luis Rey Band of Mission Indians (virtual) Valerie A. Gómez Mexican-American National Association Underrepresented Oct. 20, 2023 N/A Brandon Tiongsen Carlsbad Equality Coalition Underrepresented Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Augustin Dao Carlsbad Equality Coalition Underrepresented Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Suzanne Hume Clean Earth 4 Kids Environmental / Underrepresented Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Howard Krausz North County Advocates Environmental Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Graciela Gutierrez North County Lifeline Underrepresented Oct. 20, 2023 N/A Cheryl Madrigal Rincon Band of Luiseño Indians Underrepresented Oct. 20, 2023 Virtual meeting - Jan. 29, 2024 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 352 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update H-6 Name Organization Stakeholder Group Date(s) E- Mailed Date + Type of Follow- Up Meeting Tina Jimenez Torres Martinez Desert Cahuuilla Indians Underrepresented Oct. 20, 2023 N/A Jesse Morales, Acting Chairman Mesa Grande Band of Diegueno Mission Indians Underrepresented Oct. 20, 2023 N/A Norma M. Contreras La Jolla Band of Luiseño Indians Underrepresented Oct. 20, 2023 N/A Vanessa Marshall Interfaith Community Services Underrepresented Oct. 20, 2023 N/A Mary Ferro Interfaith Community Services Underrepresented Oct. 20, 2023 N/A Jay Klopfenstein Carlsbad Community Gardens Collaborative Environmental; Chamber green business committee Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Nate Fairman IBEW 465 Building/Industry Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Craig Bendetto NAIOP SD Building/Industry Oct. 19, 2023 Nov. 2, 2023 - presentation to NAIOP SD Civic Engagement Committee (virtual); Nov. 2, 2023 - presentation to SD County Lodging Association Legislative Task Force (virtual) Marshall Anderson NAIOP SD Building/Industry Oct. 19, 2023 Nov. 2, 2023 - presentation to NAIOP SD Civic Engagement Committee (virtual); Nov. 2, 2023 - presentation to SD County Lodging Association Legislative Task Force (virtual) Kelly Lyndon SD Building Electrification Coalition Environmental Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 353 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update H-7 Name Organization Stakeholder Group Date(s) E- Mailed Date + Type of Follow- Up Meeting Matthew Clough Plastic Beach business owner; Chamber green business committee Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Bobby Kouretchian Koza Law Group certified green business Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Mylene Merlo Mylene Merlo certified green business Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Sher Kopman AVO Cafe certified green business Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Neall Digert Solatube certified green business; Chamber green business committee Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Jani Jackson Develop Your Team certified green business; Chamber green business committee Oct. 18, 2023; Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Paola Richard GelatoLove certified green business Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Della Stewart Dancin Soul Boutique certified green business Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Wendy Wiegand Wiegand Realty certified green business Oct. 18, 2023 N/A AJ Van De Ven Calsense certified green business; Chamber green business committee Oct. 18, 2023; Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 354 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update H-8 Name Organization Stakeholder Group Date(s) E- Mailed Date + Type of Follow- Up Meeting Jim Morrison Morrison Insurance Services certified green business Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Jolanda Harris Virtual Workplace Solutions certified green business Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Samantha Richter Agua Hedionda Lagoon Foundation certified green business Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Jana Moreno Activ8 LLC certified green business Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Edmond Alberton Straight Talk Solar Co certified green business Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Beppie Mostert Living Design Interiors certified green business Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Charisa Clarkson Microscope World certified green business Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Marcy Browe Marcy Browe Photography certified green business; Chamber green business committee Oct. 18, 2023 N/A Abbey Glauch Bitchin Sauce Business Oct. 20, 2023 N/A Rosemary Eshelman Carlsbad Unified School District Chamber green business committee Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Ruby Teague Viasat business; Chamber green business committee Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Elise Ramirez Viasat business; Chamber green business committee Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 355 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update H-9 Name Organization Stakeholder Group Date(s) E- Mailed Date + Type of Follow- Up Meeting James Cliame Net Result business; Chamber green business committee Oct. 19, 2023 N/A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 356 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update I-1 Appendix I – Stakeholder Meetings (Phase II) The table below documents the stakeholder meetings that were conducted as part of the Climate Action Plan Update. Detailed notes are included in subsequent pages for the meetings on October 25, 2023 and November 1, 2023. Table A-3. Stakeholder Meetings Conducted for the Climate Action Plan Update Date Stakeholder Participants October 25, 2023 Mike McMahon, Sierra Club Paige DeCino, Sierra Club Lynda Daniels, Sierra Club November 1, 2023 Diane Nygaard, Preserve Calavera Paige DeCino, Preserve Calavera Anne-Catherine Roch-Levecq, Preserve Calavera November 2, 2023 NAIOP San Diego Civic Engagement Committee (92 invitees) Invited by Craig Benedetto, NAIOP SD November 2, 2023 San Diego County Lodging Association Legislative Task Force Invited by Marshall Anderson, NAIOP SD November 8, 2023 BIA San Diego North County Legislative Committee (35 invitees) Invited by Hannah Gbeh, BIA SD November 21, 2023 Carmen Mojado, San Luis Rey Band of Mission Indians An additional meeting was held outside of the Phase II engagement period. City staff met virtually with two representatives of the Rincon Band of Luiseño Indians on Jan. 29, 2024. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 357 of 637 MEETING SUMMARY Carlsbad CAP Update Outreach Sierra Club Wednesday, October 25, 1:00 to 2:00 p.m. Microsoft Teams (Virtual) Attendees Katie Hentrich, City of Carlsbad Mike McMahon, Sierra Club Paige DeCino, Sierra Club Lynda Daniels, Sierra Club Meeting Goal: Stakeholder outreach for proposed measures for Climate Action Plan Update. • What is the meeting on November 7 for? • GHG baseline year? • Will Council understand the make up of emissions? • Why is 2016 the best available data for an inventory? • CAP AR 6 emissions graph vs. new inventory questions • Renewable energy at city facilities? • Will Council be voting on priority actions? • Idling ordinance? • TDM ordinance – threshold for new business but also for existing? • Concern that Council will not feel urgency about not doing very much o The sooner we implement the better, the easier Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 358 of 637 {city of Carlsbad MEETING SUMMARY Carlsbad CAP Update Outreach Preserve Calavera Wednesday, November 1, 2:00 to 3:00 p.m. Microsoft Teams (Virtual) Attendees Katie Hentrich, City of Carlsbad Diane Nygaard, Preserve Calavera Paige DeCino, Preserve Calavera Anne-Catherine Roch-Levecq, Preserve Calavera Meeting Goal: Stakeholder outreach for proposed measures for Climate Action Plan Update. • Big picture overview of CAP; explaining SANDAG data • Make sure to reference CARB 2022 Scoping Plan • Important to outline interim actions within the document (implementation plan) • E-1 o How will this be done • E-2 o How will changing customers up to 100% bring about equity issues? o Storage is going to be an issue; how can local projects be built? • E-3 and E-4 o Reach code updates – lowering threshold to cover more existing buildings • T-2 o TDM ordinance – is threshold being updated? • T-6 o Will there be an MTIF to fund programs? • T-8 o EV charging • CS-1 o Tree planting and growing program at Preserve Calavera o How do we ensure trees are replaced within conditions of approval o Heritage tree program + mature trees • Regional Decarbonization Framework o Open space and ag land preservation – Sunny Creek Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 359 of 637 {city of Carlsbad Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update J-1 Appendix J – City Council Meeting Notes and Public Comment (Phase II) A summary of meeting notes and public comments received from the November 7, 2023 City Council meeting, as well as the staff report are included in the following pages. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 360 of 637 City Council meeting notes – Nov. 7, 2023, Item 5 • Public comment (12 total) o Mike Burello: how much are we spending? o Vanessa Forsythe Interim benchmark years – how do we know if we are on track before 2035 and 2045 How will community members stay informed? Include in plan Create Environmental Commission o Pagie DeCino (Sierra Club) More clearly stated than 2015 CAP Transportation data from 2016 is old Anti-idling ordinance: roll into Safe Routes to School measure Zero emission fleet: gas police cars recently approved, ordinance to make sure that doesn’t happen again should be passed quickly TDM ordinance: should expand threshold, not super successful Add in more timelines o Mike McMahon (Sierra Club) All measures will need to be fully implemented Need adequate planning and resources to implement o Lynda Daniels (Sierra Club) Reduce GHGs in buildings; building electrification o Mary Hassing Reduce GHGs through EE and renewable energy Reach code updates; informing property owners of EE changes they can make o Ally Williams (Clean Earth 4 Kids) 2045 targets are too far away Create a community dashboard Ban synthetic turf o Jay Klopfenstein Climate education curriculum – promote within the CAP, very important component of behavior change • Good examples from UCSD, UCI, MIT • Could launch in partnership with the library Work with College Corps or Climate Corps o Suzanne Hume (Clean Earth 4 Kids) 2045 target is too far away Reach code update is important Happy to see the leaf blower measure No idling signage add into Safe Routes to Schools measure Community dashboard, especially including equity information o John B. (Clean Earth 4 Kids) Add in clean air section of CAP Update, like City of San Diego Ban synthetic turf (SB 676, passed Oct. 2023) • Plastic gives off methane Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 361 of 637 o Mike: public trust is missing o Missing name – need to check video: chem trails • Council member questions o CM Luna Need more EV charging, solar/battery Grid reliability concerns, especially with NEM and duck curve Cost is also a concern o CM Burkholder Have we surveyed businesses before and asked what the barriers are to going all electric, 100% renewable, etc? Cost is a concern Do we have a formal climate equity or climate grief definition? o CM Acosta Can synthetic turf removal get added in? Have a bigger a la carte menu of measures to choose from so that Council doesn’t have to do everything in there with no room for error (since we are meeting targets exactly) Environmental progress dashboard – has it been explored TDM ordinance – should we continue implementing? Can we add in a clean air section (mentioned in public comment)? How do we hold ourselves accountable for not doing things within the CAP? Cost to residents? Public change overall – how are we working on behavior change? o CM Bhat-Patel Timeline with more benchmarks/target dates Are we installing DC fast chargers? o Mayor Blackburn: no questions • Council member final comments o Mayor Blackburn: climate action is important to all, find balance within the plan (costs, priority actions, etc) o CM Bhat Patel: transparency is valued o CM Acosta: co-creating a plan with the community, very clearly presented, add in more things related to the circular economy (similar to other CAPs), add some more measures so Council doesn’t have to approve everything as staff’s recommendations o CM Burkholder: create more options (add more measures) o CM Luna: budget concerns Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 362 of 637 MAIN TAKEAWAYS: • Add in additional measures to get us above the 2045 target o Synthetic turf removal should be one (supporting action or its own tbd) o electric preferred reach code o solar carports over parking lots (if possible – largest parks and city parking areas – Alga Norte already has, can be used for calcs) • Add in information on air quality to CAP document • Add in more information on interim timelines within measure details o Better define short vs. med vs. long term o For measures that are “ongoing”, still provide interim timelines • Explore creation of a community dashboard (or incorporating into strat plan) o Communicating how to get involved/take actions on your own o Communicating information on rebates and incentives o Communicating how city is doing with progress on the CAP • Cost is a big concern o ICA horizon only five years, but can ICA include info about when larger costs would need to be budgeted for? o For costs not to city, could language be added into measures that costs would need to be explored as part of implementation (like in supporting actions)? For transparency Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 363 of 637 November 7, 2023 CleanEarth4Kids.org thanks the City of Carlsbad Council and staff for their environmental leadership and for all work that has gone into the Climate Action Plan (CAP). Implementing the CAP will help protect the people of Carlsbad from air pollution and the impacts of climate change for a better future. Our Comments and Suggestions are: 1. Climate-Safe Investments 2. 100% Building Electrification for New Construction with No Exceptions 3. Electrify Existing Buildings 4. Solar, Microgrids and Virtual Power Plants (VPP) 5. Community and Environmental Dashboard 6. Add a Clean Air Section to the CAP a. Ban Leaf Blowers b. No Idling c. Stop Wood Burning d. Stop Smoking e. Stop Leaded Aviation Gas (AVGAS) 7. Protect and Conserve Water 8. Transportation 9. No False Solutions 10. Stop Toxic Synthetic Pesticides 11. Community Gardens 12. Create Pocket Forests 13. Protect Wetlands, Lagoons and Waterways 14. Synthetic Grass/Artificial Turf 1. Climate-Safe Investments ●Divest any investments that support fossil fuels. Only invest in funds, stocks, bonds, etc. that guarantee they will not invest in fossil fuels. ●Use an eco-friendly bank, preferably a B-Corp, for City’s cash accounts. Do NOT support banks that invest in fossil fuel projects. ●Include eco-friendly choices for employee retirement fund investment options. 2. 100% Building Electrification for New Construction with No Exceptions The City must prioritize building electrification to move away from fossil fuels and 1Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 364 of 637 CleanEarth4Kids.org improve air quality to protect health and the environment. Over 60 cities in California have already passed electrification ordinances and others are underway. 1 Natural gas is a marketing term for methane, a hazardous indoor air pollutant and a major contributor to climate change.2,3 The use of gas stoves in the home increases the risk of asthma and other respiratory diseases. 4 And gas stoves leak methane even when turned off. 5 We must completely end the use of “natural gas”. This important action will encourage green buildings, reduce carbon emissions and air pollution, and help protect the health of children and future generations. Burning methane creates outdoor and indoor air pollution. 14% of greenhouse gases (GHGs) in Carlsbad come from the burning of methane, mainly for heat and hot water.Studies of human exposure to air pollutants show that "indoor levels of pollutants may be two to five times, and occasionally more than 100 times, higher than outdoor levels," and a major source of indoor air pollution is gas stoves. 6 Here is a link to our Dangers of Natural Gas video.7 Please go to our Team 3: Clean Air Saves Lives page for more information. 8 3. Electrify Existing Buildings It is critical the CAP provides incentives to encourage owners of existing buildings to electrify as 80% of the building stock for 2050 has already been built. Carlsbad can apply for state and federal grants to retrofit heat pumps, electric water heaters, induction cooktops, remove gas lines and other energy efficiency improvements like insulated windows and LED lighting. 4. Solar, Microgrids and Virtual Power Plants (VPP) To maximize clean, local energy generation, coordinate with the Clean Energy Alliance (CEA) to locate solar and microgrids on all city owned parking lots and buildings. Engage with Carlsbad Unified to do the same for all school buildings. Each city and school building will provide local power generation and fault tolerance while serving as a resilience center in case of fire, earthquake or heat wave. 5. Community and Environmental Dashboard Create a Climate & Environmental Dashboard to increase citizen awareness, knowledge, and participation on issues such as air pollution and energy utilization. 8 https://cleanearth4kids.org/clean-air#gas 7 https://vimeo.com/704755689 6 https://www.epa.gov/iaq-schools/why-indoor-air-quality-important-schools 5 https://news.stanford.edu/2022/01/27/rethinking-cooking-gas/ 4 https://www.sciencetimes.com/gas-stoves-making-people-sicker-exposing-children-higher-risk-asthma.htm 3 http://www.eeb.cornell.edu/howarth/documents/Howarth_2021_Methane_and_Climate.pdf 2 https://www.vox.com/2022/1/27/22902490/gas-stoves-methane-climate-pollution-health-off 1 https://www.sandiegouniontribune.com/communities/del-mar-to-consider-building-electrification-ordinance 2Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 365 of 637 These dashboards should be located in libraries, schools and businesses throughout Carlsbad. 6. Add a Clean Air Section to the CAP The burning of fossil fuels does much more than just release GHGs. It also dumps toxic air pollution that harms everyone's health and the environment. We ask Carlsbad to include a Clean Air section in the CAP like the City of San Diego with clean air goals and yearly targets to reduce air pollution. 9 ●Take Climate Action and Protect Our Air: Stop Burning Fossil Fuels Air pollution from fossil fuels and petrochemicals have a significant detrimental impact on human health, 10 particularly on the brain and the cognitive abilities of children.11 Exposure to ambient air pollutants like PM2.5, NO2 and ozone and heavy metals like lead, arsenic and mercury have been associated with lower academic performance ,12 attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms,13 behavioral problems and autism spectrum disorders in children.14 Air pollution increases the risk of neurological disorders and accelerated cognitive decline in children by causing neuroinflammation and neurodegeneration.15 These pollutants have also been associated with several other indicators of poor health, including asthma and infant mortality.16 Recent findings indicate that air pollution is linked to cognitive impairment through various biological processes, such as oxidative stress and inflammation, endocrine disruption, epigenetic modifications,and changes in brain structure. 17 Exposure to fine particulate matter is correlated with reduced cortical thickness and thinner gray matter,18 which may impact learning, memory, and information processing. 19 Also causing significant harm to the brain,lowering cognitive abilities and reading and math scores are heavy metals including mercury, lead, manganese, and their compounds, and petrochemicals such as isoamyl alcohol, methanol, xylene, toluene, styrene,n-hexane, and ethylbenzene. 20 ●Fossil Fuel Air Pollution Harms Public Health 20 https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.add0285 19 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6908886/ 18 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6132565/ 17 https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.add0285 16 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2727943/ 15 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0278262608001747 14 https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/dmcn.14758 13 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30909100/ 12 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8663889/ 11 https://journals.lww.com/The_Relationship_Between_Air_Pollution_and.1.aspx?context=LatestArticles 10 https://www.niehs.nih.gov/health/topics/agents/air-pollution/index.cfm 9 https://www.sandiego.gov/sites/default/files/san_diegos_2022_climate_action_plan_0.pdf 3Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 366 of 637 Fossil fuel combustion is a leading cause of deadly PM2.5 exposure. 21 Extended exposure to PM2.5 is responsible for 62% of all deaths from air pollution in 2019. 22 PM 2.5 is especially deadly because its small size allows it to enter deep into the lungs and pass into the bloodstream, making it a significant contributor to cardiovascular disease and mortality.23,24,25 PM2.5 also increases heart disease, lung cancer, COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease), lower-respiratory infections, pneumonia, stroke, type 2 diabetes, and other serious conditions including gastrointestinal illness.26,27 People with tuberculosis exposed to PM2.5 had increased replication of the disease.28 PM2.5 impacts our most vulnerable populations, including minorities,29 the elderly,30 pregnant women,31 and children.32 Increased Particulate Matter reduced the health-related quality of life among the elderly, increasing pain and discomfort, anxiety, and depression.33 Childhood exposure to PM2.5 is linked to asthma,34 which is the leading cause of school absences 35 and the third leading cause of hospitalizations among children under 15. 36 Poor air quality increases the likelihood of asthma attacks, breathing difficulty,37 increased emergency room visits,38 and hospitalization.39 Air pollution can also inflame the brain, central nervous system, and hearts in children. 40,41 The health effects of air pollution start before a child is even born.42 Pollutants can harm a fetus’s brain, liver, lungs, and other organs because pollutants can travel to the tissues and organs of fetuses after being inhaled by pregnant women.43,44 For example,black carbon 45 can enter the placenta, circulation system, and the organs 46 of the fetus via the mother’s blood, which can affect the fetuses’liver, lungs, and 46 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36719212/ 45 https://www.livescience.com/black-carbon-reaches-placenta.html 44 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/32556259 43 https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2022/oct/05/toxic-air-pollution-particles-found-in-lungs 42 https://www.jpedhc.org/article/S0891-5245(21)00189-9/fulltext 41 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35921508 40 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7352229 39 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6546668/ 38 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2801735?resultClick=3 37 https://resphealth.org/clean-air/understanding-air-pollution/ 36 https://www.epa.gov/children/childrens-environmental-health-facts 35 https://aafa.org/asthma/asthma-facts 34 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0160412022002240 33 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323002944 32 https://parentingscience.com/the-effects-of-air-pollution-on-children 31 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0013935122003930 30 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323002944 29 https://www.hsph.harvard.edu/news/racial-ethnic-minorities-low-income-groups-u-s-air-pollution/ 28 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0013935123004875 27 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0147651323002063 26 https://www.stateofglobalair.org/health/pm 25 https://www.lung.org/clean-air/outdoors/what-makes-air-unhealthy/particle-pollution 24 https://www.ahajournals.org/doi/10.1161/JAHA.120.016890 23 https://www.epa.gov/pm-pollution/health-and-environmental-effects-particulate-matter-pm 22 https://www.stateofglobalair.org/health/pm#major-impacts 21 https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-021-23853-y 4Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 367 of 637 brain.47 Exposure to air pollution during pregnancy and infancy 48 is linked to increased rates of stillbirth,49 preterm birth,50 low birth weight,51 SIDS52 (Sudden Infant Death Syndrome) and decreased development of the brain, among other serious long-term effects. 53 Exposure to air pollution, even at relatively low levels during pregnancy and childhood significantly harms children’s health. 54 Below are two slides from Dr. Paul Fowler's extensive research and informative webinar55 and presentation showing a 26% increase in stillbirths when air pollution is increased by 10 μg/m3.56 The harm done by air pollution to unborn babies is clear.57 It is imperative that we reduce air pollution to protect children’s health, development, growth, learning, communication abilities, and future. 57 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/36208643/ 56 https://www.healthandenvironment.org/assets/images/CHE%20Jan%202023%20Fowler.pdf 55 https://youtu.be/40Ga9_StJQ0 54 https://www.lung.org/clean-air/outdoors/who-is-at-risk/children-and-air-pollution 53 https://www.washington.edu/news/uw-link-between-air-pollution-and-child-brain-development/ 52 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0045653520337139 51 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/22726801/ 50 https://med.nyu.edu/pediatrics/divisions/environmental-pediatrics/air-pollution-preterm-births 49 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S0269749121003328 48 https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamanetworkopen/fullarticle/2767260 47 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanplh/article/PIIS2542-5196(22)00200-5/fulltext 5Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 368 of 637 Air ollution PM outcomes 81 eJio:ible col'lon studies . Every 10 µBfm• increase or exposure: PM. ,. 9" PM,.• 12% Increase ore•te,m btnl'I I PM, = 26% PM,o = 4" lncre,ase stlllblnh PM,..• 1006 PM1Q ■ 4" increa,se small for gestation.al .ige lncrea,ed risk for adllerse offsprl r,g consequem:ie;,: Heart dlsea sc, hypertc_i,slon Oi,1 betes, obes;ty f>;,1monary dlseas(', u tl'lma Altergies Soys rlsl< o! ASD Maternal thyroid •--■-. Redu~d cognttive function.,I Ambien1 black carbon particles reach the fetal side of l'luman placenta. Bov~ et al Nawrot TS. Nat Commun. 2019 Sep 17;10lll:3uti. dol: J0.1038/541467-019·ll65'1·3. Changes to fetal and neonatal DNA. repair capacity Conclusions From the e,<isting research Opinion Children have a right to dean air, and we must fight for it to become a reality BMJ 2022; 379 doi: https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.02425 Camilla Kingdon Substantial evidences that air pollution is an issue for the developing human fetus and pregnancy as a whole. EKposure to air pollution in-utero is associated with multiple adverse pregnancy and offspring outcomes, up to and including pregnancy loss (fetal death) • PM2_5 especially, as well as PMw associated with stillbirth and other pregnancy/offspring risks From our study EKposure to black carbon is proportional to environmental black carbon levels Black carbon air pollution particles reach into every fetus and fetal organ we have studied Placenta only minimally limits PM transfer to fetus • Blood-brain barrier does not appear to protect the developing brain from invasion by PM ●Air Pollution is A Racial, Social, Environmental, and Climate Justice Issue Air pollution from the burning of fossil fuels harms people of color disproportionately.58 Due to Social Determinants of Health (SDoH) factors,Black and low-income communities are disproportionately affected by air pollution in the United States.59 Annually, fossil fuel industries in the US release about 9 million tons of methane gas and other toxic chemicals into the atmosphere. 60 Black and low-income communities are disproportionately affected by air pollution in the United States. 61 Exposure to poor air quality can cause numerous health problems such as emphysema and asthma62. Increased rates of asthma can lead to significant health disparities and reduced quality of life. 63 Approximately 13.4% of Black children suffer from asthma as compared to only 7.3% of White children. 53 In total, African Americans are 75% more likely than White people to live in “fence-line” communities (areas near commercial facilities that produce noise, odor, traffic, or emissions that directly affect the population). 49 6a. Ban Leaf Blowers Most gas-powered leaf blowers are 2 stroke engines which burn a mix of oil and gas. These engines not only put out a massive amount of pollution, but they also do not have a filter. The pollutants64 from a single gas-powered leaf-blower are 300x more than a pickup truck with gas-powered lawn equipment using an estimated 800 million gallons of gasoline. This contributes to more air pollution in our air, and damaging ozone as these nitrous oxides contribute to the damage that occurs. With and without a filter, the dangers of gas-powered leaf blowers are immense. Gas-powered leaf-blowers emit carbon monoxide, nitrous oxides, hydrocarbons and other pollutants65 such as formaldehyde, benzine, fine particulate matter, and smog forming chemicals. These pollutants are known to cause diseases that affect the heart and lungs, as well as cancer, dementia, and headaches66. The health effects 67 linked to gas-powered leaf blowers are asthma, cardiovascular disease, lung cancer, respiratory disease, and central nervous system disorders. 6b. No Idling Car exhaust is full of toxic chemicals like benzene and carbon monoxide. 1 minute of 67 https://www.quietcleandc.com/two-stroke-engine-public-health-issues 66 https://www.quietcleanpdx.org/leaf-blowers-dangers-pollution/ 65 https://sustainability.wustl.edu/rethinking-lawn-equipment-2/ 64 https://sustainability.wustl.edu/rethinking-lawn-equipment-2/ 63 https://aafa.org/asthma-allergy-research/our-research/asthma-disparities-burden-on-minorities/ 62 https://www.catf.us/2017/11/study-african-american-health-impacts-oil-gas-pollution/ 61 https://www.lung.org/clean-air/outdoors/who-is-at-risk/disparities 60 https://psci.princeton.edu/tips/2020/8/15/racial-disparities-and-climate-change 59 https://www.lung.org/clean-air/outdoors/who-is-at-risk/disparities 58 https://psci.princeton.edu/tips/2020/8/15/racial-disparities-and-climate-change 6Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 369 of 637 idling puts more carbon monoxide into the air than smoking 3 packs of cigarettes. 68 Please take action to reduce idling by parked vehicles, including purchasing only zero emission vehicles for the city fleet.Idling burns over 3.8 million gallons of fuel every day in the US, adding 30 million tons of CO2 to the atmosphere! 69 Link for more information on idling. 70 6c. Stop Wood Burning We ask the City of Carlsbad to take action to stop wood smoke. a. Work with the SD APCD (San Diego Air Pollution Control District) and surrounding cities to stop wood-burning fireplaces and stoves in new construction and renovations like the City of London.71 b. Implement programs and incentives to remove (not replace!) existing wood-burning fireplaces and stoves. c. Work with SD APCD and all city, county, and state governments and agencies to stop recreational wood fires on all public lands like beaches and parks to protect clean air and our health. d. Fund radio, print, TV and social media ads about the harms of wood smoke. Please see the CleanEarth4Kids.org Stop Wood Smoke video created by our youth.72 Wood smoke is a complex mixture of gases and fine particles, called particulate matter. PM2.5 is especially dangerous. These particles are 2.5 microns or smaller. By comparison, the average human hair is 50 microns wide. Researchers estimate that PM2.5 is responsible for almost 48,000 premature deaths in the US every year. 73 Particulate matter irritates the lungs and increases the risk of serious health outcomes including asthma, heart attacks, strokes, cancer, and brain conditions like Alzheimer’s, Parkinson’s and dementia. 74 Wood smoke also contains cancer causing pollutants like benzene, formaldehyde, acrolein and Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons or PAHs, along with carbon dioxide, carbon monoxide and methane. 75 Burning 10 lbs. of wood in 1 hour creates the same cancer-causing PAHs as 6,000 packs of cigarettes. 76 That’s like smoking a pack of cigarettes a day for 16 years…just by sitting next to a wood fire. Here is a link for information about wood smoke.77 You can also contact Doctors & Scientists Against Wood Smoke Pollution.78 78 https://woodsmokepollution.org/index.html 77 https://cleanearth4kids.org/team-3-no-wood-smoke 76 https://www.times-standard.com/2017/08/05/burning-firewood-is-an-airborne-public-health-hazard 75 https://www.verywellhealth.com/the-health-hazards-of-wood-burning-stoves-914956 74 https://woodsmokepollution.org/references.html 73 https://www.lung.org/research/sota/health-risks 72 https://vimeo.com/762477620 71 https://www.theguardian.com/2023/feb/08/wood-burners-in-effect-banned-new-refurbished-homes-london 70 https://cleanearth4kids.org/stop-idling 69 https://afdc.energy.gov/files/u/publication/idling_personal_vehicles.pdf 68 http://enginesoff.com/pdfs/CASEO-Background-Report.pdf 7Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 370 of 637 The San Diego Air Pollution Control District (SD APCD)2021 Annual Air Quality Report and 2022 Regional Air Quality Strategy (RAQS)show residential combustion (wood burning) is tied with construction as the main source of PM2.5.79,80 These reports show wood burning dumps almost 3.5 TONS of particulate matter into San Diego County air EVERY DAY. Data from the US Energy Information Administration (EIA)shows households with higher incomes are more likely to burn wood. 81 Wood burning is being done for recreation, not need. 6d. Stop Smoking Ban public smoking like the City of Encinitas and others.Second and thirdhand smoke is toxic and emits lead. 82,83 Fund radio, print, TV and social media ads about the harms of second and third hand smoke. Also ban smoking in multi-family housing.84 6e. Ask the County of San Diego to Stop Leaded Aviation Gas (AVGAS) CleanEarth4Kids.org asks the City of Carlsbad to send a letter and pass a resolution calling on the County of San Diego to stop the sale, use and storage of leaded aviation fuel at all County of San Diego airports. A SD APCD study showed Palomar Airport exceeded NAAQS (National Ambient Air Quality Standards) for lead in 2013. 85 That was ten years ago! According to EPA data, general aircraft at Palomar Airport dump over 700 pounds of lead into the air every year, Gillespie Field over 1,100 pounds and Ramona over 600 pounds.86 That is over 2,400 pounds of lead in our air every single year from just 3 County airports. There is NO safe level of lead! ●Lead is Toxic The WHO (World Health Organization),87 CDC (Centers for Disease Control) 88 and the AAP (American Academy of Pediatrics) 89 have all stated there is no safe level of lead,a toxic heavy metal.90 Its adverse effects are particularly severe for children and unborn babies as it damages their brains and nervous systems. 91 Exposure to lead lowers IQ and causes behavior problems, learning disabilities, and 91 https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/prevention/health-effects.htm 90 https://www.osha.gov/toxic-metals 89 https://www.aap.org/en-us/advocacy-and-policy/aap-health-initiatives/lead-exposure/Pages/default.aspx 88 https://www.cdc.gov/nceh/lead/faqs/lead-faqs.htm 87 https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/lead-poisoning-and-health 86 https://www.epa.gov/air-emissions-inventories/2017-national-emissions-inventory-nei-data#dataq 85 https://static1.squarespace.com/static/APCD_McClellan_Palomar_Airport_Lead_Gradient.pdf 84 https://cleanearth4kids.org/nosmoking#sample 83 https://thirdhandsmoke.org/thirdhand-smoke-may-bring-lead-into-homes/ 82 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3040625/ 81 https://www.eia.gov/todayinenergy/detail.php?id=15431 80 https://legistarweb-production.s3.amazonaws.com/1814058/Item_E2_AttA_2022_RAQS.pdf 79 https://www.sdapcd.org/content/dam/sdapcd/documents/community/annual-air-quality-reports 8Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 371 of 637 impaired impulse control. 92 Children’s exposure to lead is linked to higher rates of suspension and detention along with lower reading and math test scores.93,94 Childhood exposure to lead is also linked to higher crime rates.95 According to the CDC, people with prolonged exposure to lead are at higher risk of high blood pressure, heart and kidney disease, and various forms of cancer. 96 Most health impacts from lead exposure are lifelong and irreversible.97 Lead exposure is also hazardous to adults, with 18% of all deaths in the US linked to lead exposure and is a significant risk factor for cardiovascular disease.98,99 Lead is the number one reason for fatal heart attacks in the US. 100 Please see our CleanEarth4Kids.org Team 5 page #GetTheLeadOut for more information on the dangers of lead. 101 ●The Harm of Leaded Aviation Fuel on Communities The EPA has issued their public endangerment finding on lead emissions from aircraft, stating it will “cause or contribute to lead air pollution.” 102 The impact of lead pollution is especially damaging to children living close to these airports as they are very likely to have significantly higher levels of lead in their blood.103 In the US, over 5 million people, including over 360,000 children under the age of 5, live near at least one lead-emitting airport and face a severe risk of lead poisoning.104 Communities of color are most likely to be close to these sources of lead, resulting in higher blood levels on average than white children. 105 In the County of Santa Clara, children living within half a mile of their airport had lead levels nearly twice that of kids in Flint, Michigan at the height of their lead crisis.106,107 Recognizing the danger, the County of Santa Clara has stopped the sale and storage of leaded fuel at their airport which has already significantly reduced lead emissions. 108 ●Stopping Leaded Aviation Fuel 108 https://countyairports.sccgov.org/pilots/aviation-fuel 107 https://www.nrdc.org/stories/flint-water-crisis-everything-you-need-know#summary 106 https://news.sccgov.org/sites/g/files/exjcpb956/files/documents/RHV-Airborne-Lead-Study-Report.pdf 105 https://news.sccgov.org/county-santa-clara-finds-increased-lead-levels-children-living-near 104 http://nepis.epa.gov/Exe/ZyPDF.cgi/P100YG4A.PDF?Dockey=P100YG4A.PDF 103 https://news.sccgov.org/news-release/study-commissioned-county-santa-clara-finds-increased-lead-levels 102 https://www.epa.gov/system/files/documents/2023-10/420f23022_0.pdf 101 https://cleanearth4kids.org/team-5-get-the-lead-out 100 https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2018/3/15/17107924/lead-health-adults-heart-problems 99 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/lanpub/article/PIIS2468-2667(18)30025-2/fulltext 98 https://www.vox.com/science-and-health/2018/3/15/17107924/lead-health-adults-heart-problems 97 https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/lead-poisoning-and-health 96 https://columbiainsight.org/dealing-with-washingtons-legacy-of-pesticides/ 95 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0166046222000667 94 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC4387706/ 93 https://www.nber.org/papers/w23392 92 https://www.luc.edu/healthyhomes/leadsafeillinois/leadfacts/rippleeffectsofchildhoodleadpoisoning/ 9Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 372 of 637 Leaded aviation fuel is used by some piston-engine planes and helicopters in general aviation. According to the FAA (Federal Aviation Administration), an estimated 170,000 aircraft operating from over 20,000 airports across the US use leaded aviation fuel (AVGAS). 109 These aircraft are responsible for almost 70% of airborne lead pollution, putting out around 500 tons of lead each year, and are the largest source of lead in US air. 110 Unleaded fuel is now available. The sale and use of leaded aviation fuel must stop! 7. Protect and Conserve Water Set water use reduction goals and develop policies, guidelines and education programs to replace ornamental grass and other landscaping with native plants while transitioning to gray water reuse. Create bioretention swales in medians and other areas like Los Angeles to serve as micro-reservoirs for landscaping while filtering stormwater runoff. 111,112 Establish other rainwater capture and storage infrastructure throughout Carlsbad including capture barrels at every property. Under California law, water is a basic human right. Carlsbad must take action to end water shutoffs and subsidize access to water for lower income residents. 8. Transportation The CAP must identify methods to reduce Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) by encouraging the use of public and active transportation. Please develop plans to add miles of bike lanes and sidewalks, create car-free areas and implement electric shuttles in high traffic areas like downtown and the Carlsbad Outlet Mall. 9. No False Solutions The CAP must clearly state the City of Carlsbad will not use or invest in false climate solutions like synthetic carbon capture (CCS, CCUS), dirty hydrogen, methane or biomass/biofuels. These types of greenwashed “solutions” only delay real climate action. 10. Stop Toxic Synthetic Pesticides We ask the City to stop using synthetic pesticides in all city owned and leased parks, buildings and properties, including golf courses. Please adopt a non-toxic IPM (Integrated Pest Management) plan like the City of Malibu and many other cities. 113 113 https://www.malibucity.org/DocumentCenter/View/24741/Earth-Friendly-Management-Policy-62419 112 https://dpw.lacounty.gov/WMD/STWQ/EastLA.aspx 111 https://nacto.org/urban-street-stormwater-guide/green-stormwater-elements/bioretention-swale/ 110 https://earthjustice.org/news/press/2022/epa-proposes-endangerment-finding-of-leaded-aviation-gasoline 109 http://www.faa.gov/news/fact_sheets/news_story.cfm?newsId=14754 10Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 373 of 637 99% of synthetic pesticides and fertilizers come from fossil fuels and the continued use of these petrochemicals is a direct threat to the climate and our world. 114 We also ask the City to create and implement education programs encouraging everyone to use chemical free methods for pest control.Healthy soil is important to sequestering carbon.115 But pesticides destroy the microbes that make healthy soil. There is a massive amount of scientific studies showing the damage done by the use of synthetic pesticides to the environment and human health. 116 Pesticides are known to increase children’s cancer risk and 95% of pesticides used miss their target.117,118 Pesticides are poison, they are designed to kill. That is their purpose. The US uses toxic pesticides banned in many other countries. 119 The US only bans 21 pesticides while China bans 54 and the EU bans 195. (For a list of pesticides banned in other countries, please click here.)120 Legal does not mean safe! For more information on toxic pesticides and chemicals, please see our Team 5 page.121 For more information on regenerative farming, permaculture, organics and healthy soils, please click here.122 CleanEarth4Kids.org asks the City of Carlsbad to work with local farms like the Strawberry and Flower Fields to stop the use of toxic synthetic pesticides. According to Pesticide Use Reports (PUR), these fields are using pesticides banned in other countries because of their harm to human health and the environment: Bifenthrin. Banned 29 countries Imidacloprid. Banned 28 countries Oxadiazon. Banned 29 countries Quinoxyfen. Banned 29 countries 1,3-Dichloropropen/Chloropicrin. Banned 34/37 countries The proximity to agricultural pesticides is very important because pesticides can drift miles, harming children and families living near agricultural fields.123,124 Pesticide drift settles on playgrounds, porches, laundry, toys, pools, furniture, gardens, and lawns where people and children live, learn, and play. 125 This exposes people, pollinators, and wildlife to danger from what they touch, breathe, and eat. These toxic pesticides also contaminate our water. The National Water Quality 125 https://www.epa.gov/reducing-pesticide-drift/introduction-pesticide-drift 124 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/11097803/ 123 https://europepmc.org/article/AGR/IND20460440 122 https://cleanearth4kids.org/farming-regenerative 121 https://cleanearth4kids.org/stop-pesticides 120 https://pan-international.org/pan-international-consolidated-list-of-banned-pesticides/ 119 https://biologicaldiversity.org/united-states-uses-85-pesticides-outlawed-in-other-countries-2019-06-06/ 118 https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/pesticide-drift/ 117 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S1438463919306212?via%3Dihub 116 https://www.dw.com/en/pesticide-atlas-2022 115 https://www.cdfa.ca.gov/healthysoils/ 114 https://www.ciel.org/reports/fossil-fertilizers/ 11Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 374 of 637 Assessment (NWQA) shows agricultural runoff as the main cause of pollution in rivers and streams. 126,127 As pesticides travel through soil and bedrock cracks, they contaminate groundwater systems which provide 70% of the water used for public and private water supplies, irrigation, and industry. 128 Pesticides are also absorbed by aquatic organisms through their skin, breathing, and mouths. 129 Long term exposure has many negative consequences for aquatic life, such as mortality, reproductive failure, egg shell thinning, suppression of the immune system, and other fish health complications such as excessive slime on fish scales and gills, cancers, tumors and lesions. 130 For more information on toxic pesticides, please see our Team 5: Stop Toxic Pesticides page.131 11. Community Gardens There are at least 400 families in Carlsbad waiting for plots in the existing community garden. Please expand the community garden program which will decrease heat islands, increase carbon sequestration while reducing food insecurity. 12. Create Pocket Forests Identify small areas of 6 parking spaces or more and small vacant land areas for pocket forests. Engage with Carlsbad Unified to plant a pocket forest on each school’s grounds. Pocket forests are small areas of native trees and plants that restore nature into the urban environment. 132 This method was adopted from Japanese botanist Akira Miyawake, the creator of Tiny Forests.133 The Miyawake method emulates an area’s native ecosystem through a dense-planting method of only native species.134 These pockets forests provide vital habitats for native wildlife, attract important pollinators, provide an equitable urban landscape,135 improve water infiltration of the soil, decrease stormwater runoff,protect against erosion,136 provide educational opportunities to the community and absorb large amounts of carbon dioxide.137 13. Protect Wetlands, Lagoons and Waterways 137 https://www.weforum.org/agenda/2020/07/tiny-urban-forests-miyawaki-biodiversity-carbon-capture/ 136 https://www.americanforests.org/article/picking-pocket-forests/ 135 https://a25.asmdc.org/20221206-assemblymember-kalra-introduces-bill-promote-urban-greening 134 https://us.iahv.org/portfolio/greenpocketforests/ 133 https://www.pocketforests.ie/new-page 132 https://www.americanforests.org/article/picking-pocket-forests/ 131 https://cleanearth4kids.org/stop-pesticides 130 https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/abs/pii/S2215153222001003 129 https://biointerfaceresearch.com.pdf 128 https://www.uky.edu/Ag/Entomology/PSEP/6environment.html 127 https://www.epa.gov/nps/nonpoint-source-agriculture 126 https://www.usgs.gov/mission-areas/water-resources/science/national-water-quality-assessment-nawqa 12Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 375 of 637 Plant kelp and other sea grasses as appropriate to sequester carbon while protecting coastal areas from pollution and sea level rise. Identify ecologically sound methods to protect beaches, cliffs, coastal roads and the LOSSAN train corridor from erosion. 14. Ban Synthetic Grass/Artificial Turf CleanEarth4Kids.org asks the City of Carlsbad to ban all installations of artificial grass/synthetic turf. With the signing of SB 676 by Governor Newsom on October 8th, you have the authority to stop the use of this toxic plastic carpet in your city. 138 The City of Millbrae has already banned it. 139 Our youth, interns, and volunteers have worked hard to create videos and resources that can be found on our CleanEarth4Kids.org Team 5: Stop Synthetic Turf page.140 ●Synthetic Grass/Artificial Turf is Plastic Pollution Synthetic grass/artificial turf is plastic, made from resins like polyethylene and nylon. PFAS are used in the extrusion of plastic yarn for the “grass” blades. 141 No synthetic grass/artificial turf manufacturer can state they are free of PFAS. PFAS, PAHS, lead, and other toxic chemicals have been found in synthetic grass/artificial turf.142 The installation and use of synthetic grass/artificial turf is the intentional installation and use of microplastics143 which does serious harm to the environment144 and human health.145 Recent research146 has found microplastics in placentas, infant feces, breastmilk, and even infant formula. Other studies have shown microplastics changing lung and liver cells.147 Microplastics were banned in United States cosmetics 148 in 2015, but the ban on microplastics should apply to all areas of life in order to reduce these health risks. Plastics don’t break down in the environment, simply breaking down into microplastics.Wildlife can mistake microplastics for food and marine animals have been found to consume microplastics accidentally. 149 Microplastics attract and carry pollutants in the water and also release toxic chemicals.150,151 Lab studies have shown that microplastics may impact the developmental stages of animals, causing 151 https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s42452-019-1352-0 150 https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC7924819 149 https://marinedebris.noaa.gov/what-marine-debris/microplastics 148 https://www.fda.gov/cosmetics/cosmetics-laws-regulations/microbead-free-waters-act-faqs 147 https://www.onegreenplanet.org/environment/microplastics-are-disrupting-metabolism-of-lung-and-liver 146 https://www.news-medical.net/news/20220921/Microplastics-detected-in-placentas-infant-feces-breast 145 https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2021/dec/08/microplastics-damage-human-cells-study- 144 https://www.unep.org/news-and-stories/story/plastic-planet-how-tiny-plastic-particles-are-polluting- 143 https://ec.europa.eu/environment/marine/good-environmental-status/descriptor-10/pdf/microplastics_ 142 https://theintercept.com/2019/10/08/pfas-chemicals-artificial-turf-soccer/ 141 https://www.documentcloud.org/documents/6434596-Kulikov2005.html 140 https://cleanearth4kids.org/team-5-synthetic-turf-toxic-chemicals 139 https://www.ci.millbrae.ca.us/276/Prohibition-of-Artificial-Turf-Synthetic 138 https://leginfo.legislature.ca.gov/faces/billTextClient.xhtml?bill_id=202320240SB676 13Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 376 of 637 reproductive issues and their ability to fight disease. 152 Furthermore, since humans consume fish and other marine animals, the impacts of microplastics are passed on to humans through the food chain. The plastic life cycle is incredibly toxic.Research shows it causes premature birth, low birth weight, decreased fertility, asthma, childhood leukemia, lymphoma, brain cancer, breast cancer, mesothelioma, cardiovascular disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, neuropathy, and lung cancer. 153 ●Synthetic Grass/Artificial Turf Hurts the Climate Synthetic grass/artificial turf is plastic and plastic emits methane, a powerful greenhouse gas (GHG). 154 Plastics start as fossil fuels and emit greenhouse gasses in every stage of their lifecycle, from the extraction of oil/gas to the trash pile. 155 Plastics have a huge carbon imprint.156 Research showed the emissions from plastics in 2019 were nearly 1.8 billion metric tons of greenhouse gasses, and that number is projected to continue growing.157 Dr. Sarah-Jeanne Royer of the Scripps Institution of Oceanography in California wrote a letter in opposition to synthetic grass/artificial turf, citing methane as a major concern. 158 Dr. Royer and her colleagues found that polyethylene, used to make synthetic turf/artificial grass,releases more methane than any other plastic. 159 During the breakdown of polyethylene, the release of methane gas accelerates and the surface area of the plastic increases, reacting more with the sunlight and releasing more methane. 160 As synthetic grass/artificial turf is commonly made of polyethylene, these fields constantly release methane as it interacts with the sun and everyday use.Over a 20-year period,methane is 80x more potent at warming than carbon dioxide and is responsible for 25% of global warming. 161 ●Synthetic Grass/Artificial Turf is Not Recycled Used synthetic grass/artificial turf is expected to produce 1-4 million tons of plastic waste162 in the next ten years.The plastic carpet and rubber crumb infill from synthetic grass/artificial turf fields are often dumped illegally or sent to landfills 162 https://www.ydr.com/in-depth/news/2019/11/18/old-artificial-turf-fields-pose-huge-waste-problem 161 https://ecology.wa.gov/Blog/Posts/February-2023/The-trash-climate-connection-what-you-need-to-know 160 https://www.surfrider.org/new-study-shows-plastic-as-source-of-greenhouse-gases-potentially-contribut 159 https://www.bbc.com/news/science-environment-45043989 158 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1Q9NHwhVtY0ygHCcZDHhufkfcRdGFA35k/view 157 https://www.oecd.org/environment/plastics/increased-plastic-leakage-and-greenhouse-gas-emissions.htm 156 https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2019/04/190415144004.htm 155 https://www.ciel.org/reports/plastic-health-the-hidden-costs-of-a-plastic-planet-may-2019/ 154 https://www.mvtimes.com/2019/02/20/synthetic-turf-will-contribute-greenhouse-gas-problems/ 153 https://www.theguardian.com/environment/2023/plastics-cause-issues-from-cancer-to-birth-defects 152 https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/ftox.2022.748912/full 14Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 377 of 637 since there are no United States recycling facilities for synthetic turf.163,164 Reuse is not recycling!165 ●Synthetic Grass/Artificial Turf is HOT Synthetic grass/artificial turf is 40°-70°hotter than surrounding air temperatures and has burned hands and feet. 166 A study by Brigham Young found the surface temperature of synthetic grass/artificial turf was 37º higher than asphalt and 86.5º hotter than natural grass. 167 A study found that in 90º weather, the surface temperature of a natural grass field was about 98º while a synthetic grass/artificial turf field was over 160º.168 Shoes have melted from the heat on synthetic grass/artificial turf with players and coaches getting blisters on the bottom of their feet through their shoes. 169 First-degree burns occur at 118° with blistering and second-degree burns at 131°. 170 Several synthetic grass/artificial turf fields in the Los Angeles Unified School District are currently closed due to high heat and melting surfaces.171 ●Synthetic Grass/Artificial Turf is Dangerous to Athletes Playing on synthetic grass/artificial turf can cause more injuries. According to an NFL Players Association (NFLPA)study, playing and practicing on synthetic grass/artificial turf increases the chance of a lower extremity injury with a 69% higher rate of non-contact foot/ankle injuries than on natural grass. 172 The NFLPA has called for all NFL fields to be natural grass.173 A study of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) athletes found playing on synthetic grass/artificial turf greatly increased the chance of knee ligament injuries while another study of high school athletes found they were 58% more likely to sustain an injury playing on synthetic grass/artificial turf than natural grass. 174,175 The United States Men’s Professional Soccer Team and other national teams only play on natural grass in the World Cup, and the United States Women’s Soccer Team sued FIFA to not play on synthetic grass/artificial turf due to the increased risk of 175 https://www.uhhospitals.org/articles-and-news/articles/2019/08/artificial-turf-vs-natural-grass 174 https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/30995074/ 173 https://apnews.com/article/9b34d4402f2f82ae60708605f65aa560 172 https://nflpa.com/posts/only-natural-grass-can-level-the-nfls-playing-field 171 https://www.latimes.com/sports/highschool/story/2022-08-17/synthetic-l-a-unified-out-of-commission 170 https://www.nist.gov/el/fire-research-division-73300/firegov-fire-service/fire-dynamics 169 https://ftw.usatoday.com/2015/08/its-so-hot-in-texas-turf-is-melting-cleats 168 https://www.center4research.org/injuries-related-to-artificial-turf/ 167 https://aces.nmsu.edu/programs/turf/documents/brigham-young-study.pdf 166 https://www.safehealthyplayingfields.org/heat-levels-synthetic-turf/ 165 https://peer.org/artificial-turfs-big-lie-old-fields-not-recycled/ 164 https://peer.org/artificial-turfs-big-lie-old-fields-not-recycled/ 163 https://www.theatlantic.com/science/artificial-turf-fields-are-piling-no-recycling-fix/603874/ 15Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 378 of 637 injury.176 Soccer legend Lionel Messi will only play on real grass. 177 Studies have also shown that more serious concussions come from playing on synthetic grass/artificial turf compared to grass. 178 ●Natural Grass is Best We ask the City of Carlsbad to follow organic land management practices, especially for managing playing fields. Training is available online through the University of California, Riverside and other locations.179 High-use, organically managed, natural grass fields have been in use in many areas including Irvine, CA.180,181 Natural grass is the healthiest choice for playing fields and parks. 182 Natural grass fields are more cost-effective than synthetic grass/artificial turf fields which have higher maintenance and long-term costs.183,184 Natural grass fields are also cheaper to install than synthetic grass/artificial turf. 185 With proper care and maintenance, a natural grass field can accommodate any amount of play as demonstrated by Marblehead, MA with 20 acres of organically managed fields for over 15 years. 186 Take Climate Action NOW: There Is No Time To Waste As shown in the United Nations Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (UN/IPCC)report187 released March 20th 2023, our climate situation is at the point of no return. Even if we start today with immediate and strong action, we only have a very moderate chance of limiting global warming to the 1.5°C threshold by the world scientific community. We are in a climate emergency! We already see the effects of climate change 188 as predicted by scientists: droughts, heat waves, extreme weather, raging wildfires, loss of sea ice, sea level rise, etc. If we do not greatly reduce greenhouse gases now, global temperature will continue to 188 https://climate.nasa.gov/effects/ 187 https://report.ipcc.ch/ar6syr/pdf/IPCC_AR6_SYR_SPM.pdf 186 https://www.turi.org/content/NaturalGrassPlayingFieldCaseStudyMarbleheadMAJune202019.pdf 185 https://www.safehealthyplayingfields.org/cost-grass-vs-synthetic-turf 184 https://www.safehealthyplayingfields.org/maintenance-grass-vs-synthetic-turf 183 https://www.safehealthyplayingfields.org/s/Natural_Grass_Athletic_Fields_Ppoint_Final.ppt 182 https://www.safehealthyplayingfields.org/health-benefits-of-natural-turf 181 https://youtu.be/o3P1T3fgy6I 180 https://www.nontoxiccommunities.com/organic-athletic-fields.html 179 https://cpe.rutgers.edu/landscape/natural-turf-certificate 178 https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/03635465000280050401 177 https://www.sbnation.com/soccer/lionel-messi-inter-miami-mls-turf 176 https://www.npr.org/353312770/soccer-players-sue-over-proposed-turf-field-for-womens-world-cup 16Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 379 of 637 rise and these impacts will also increase and intensify. This is not a future problem, we are all being harmed right now. The City of Carlsbad must implement a strong and enforceable Climate Action Plan now. Sincerely, Suzanne M. Hume Educational Director & Founder S@CleanEarth4Kids.org (760) 650-2166 CleanEarth4Kids.org 17Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 380 of 637 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 381 of 637 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Subject: Council Internet Email Monday, November 6, 2023 1 :09 PM City Clerk FW: Comments on CAP Update From: Diane Nygaard <dnygaard3@gmail.com> Sent: Monday, November 6, 2023 1:01 PM To: Council Internet Email <CityCouncil@carlsbadca.gov> Subject: Comments on CAP Update Honorable Mayor and Council All Receive -Agenda Item # ~ For the Information of the: CITY COUNCIL Date/ ,lq/X!:,CA vtc v CM v ACM v DCM (3)~ Meaningful efforts to reduce the impacts of climate change become more critical every day. We appreciate the challenges you face with this next CAP update. We were all disappointed that this update can only be based on the most recent data that is available, and unfortunately that is the customized version of the 2016 SAN DAG model. Research results from around the world indicate that climate change is happening even faster than was predicted. Now, after several years of trying to implement GHG reduction measures, we have all learned how challenging this task is. The kinds of changes that are needed do not always work as well as was predicted, and it takes much longer to implement new programs than was anticipated. In spite of efforts to reduce GHG since the original CAP was adopted, the staff report shows that the new 2016 annual baseline emissions are now 981k Metric tons of GHG, whereas they were 706K in the previous CAP. That is a substantial increase in overall community GHG emissions. The transportation sector that previously accounted for 39% of the total GHG now accounts for 51%. We appreciate that the action list is still being refined based on your input and that from the community. We have provided more detailed input to staff. Today we offer just a few big picture thoughts for how to ensure the final CAP actually achieves the GHG reductions that are needed : -Set a higher threshold to allow for contingencies The CAP actions just barely meet the minimum required GHG reductions. The amount needed assumes substantial reductions will come from state actions so the City only needs to close the gap. But past results show the state failed to meet their ta rgets and there is no reason to think that will get better. In addition, many of the action items from the 2015 CAP were not implemented as planned, or did not achieve the results t hat were predicted. Planning for contingencies-perhaps by setting a goal to achieve 10% greater reductions than t he bare minimum, would help increase the odds of actually achieving the targets. -Improve accountability be establishing stronger interim benchmarks for implementation Many of the action items have targets years in the future with years of advance work needed to get programs ready. There is no easy way for you or the public to measure actual progress toward meeting the 2035 and 2045 targets without some clear interim benchmarks. 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 382 of 637 -Focus efforts on priority actions with the highest GHG reductions Two that we think are critical include building electrification combined with 100% renewable energy through CEA, and a strengthened TDM program that addresses all land uses. Both of these efforts need to address both new and existing development and include both carrots and sticks. Thank you for considering these comments. Sincerely, Diane Nygaard On behalf of Preserve Calavera CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless ou recognize the sender and know the content i safe. 2 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 383 of 637 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Subject: Wendy Mihalic <wmihalic@gmail.com> Tuesday, November 7, 2023 10:54 AM City Clerk Agenda Item #5, 11/7/23 Honorable Mayor and Council Members, -All Receive -Agenda Item n..:.i_ For the Information of the: CJTY COUNCIL Datel//7/2;!,CA .,,,. cc _:::: CM ....--ACM V-DCM (3) _:::: Thank you for the opportunity to share some insights from my personal experience with decarbonizing buildings, namely my home. I do not live in Carlsbad but my La Mesa community faces many of the same environmental issues and is also in the process of updating their CAP. My home is now fully electric (the gas meter has been removed) and I can attest to the benefits of removing methane gas from my environment, including cleaner indoor air and lower utility bills. Seven of the 22 potential measures recommended for inclusion in the Carlsbad CAP Update are from the Energy sector and of those seven, five are related to buildings. Buildings are second only to transportation in GHG emissions in our region when accounting for the electricity and natural gas consumed in our homes and businesses. Burning natural gas accounts for 14% of 2016 emissions in Carlsbad, largely due to heating homes, offices and water. So, it makes sense that Carlsbad adopt strategies to focus on decarbonizing buildings. The access to clean electricity through the Clean Energy Alliance Community Choice Energy program makes the choice to 'electrify everything' that much clearer. Funding available to communities and residents to retrofit their homes with energy efficient electric appliances is at an all- time high . Now is the time to provide education and outreach to help residents apply for Federal, State and Local incentives to increase the use of electric/ heat pump appliances in Carlsbad. Reducing energy usage, especially gas, in existing buildings is key to meeting climate goals. Other recommendations include: 1. Work with Clean Energy Alliance to increase Carlsbad customer participation in 100% renewable energy by 2030. 2. Encourage and enable building energy audits to identify the best efficiency options. 3. Pass an ordinance for all new buildings, commercial and residential, to be electric. As stated above, encourage the electrification of existing residential and commercial buildings. 4. Retrofit all municipal buildings and establish a specific time-line to complete the conversion to all-electric. 5. Identify areas where distributed energy makes sense: a. Public sites suitable for rooftop or parking lot PV solar and/or battery storage. b. Private businesses that have space for rooftop or parking lot PV solar and may be interested in the SDCP feed-in tariff program, which provides incentives for small generators(< 1 MW). c. Explore the use of microgrids for municipal facilites. 6. Commit to electrifying the municipal fleet including all city-heavy duty and emergency responsevehicles. 7. Install public EV charging stations. 8. Require electric landscape equipment for businesses and residents, start with municipal operations. 9. Include requirements to phase out high-global warming potential refrigerants including switching to safer refrigerants and requiring existing systems to be exceptionally leak-tight. The Themes from Phase I Public Comment (Exhibit 4, Pg 47-51) couldn't be better stated: Be bold, consider a range of actions with priority on largest GHGe reductions and promote equity and public awareness. 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 384 of 637 Thank you Wendy Mihalic CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content i 2 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 385 of 637 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: kelly.leberthon 12@gmail.com Tuesday, November 7, 2023 11:35 AM City Clerk Subject: City Council November 7, 2023, Agenda 5 Financing the Green Agenda boondoggle presents a huge problem and is only superficially addressed in the memo noting that we can expect there will be a need for 'new staffing' -following the paradigm of government created and tax payer funded cottage industries like the homeless programs -new staff, new infrastructure, new administration, new funding. The memo goes on to state that "Because of the nature of a long-range planning program such as the Climate Action Plan update, actual resource needs have not been specifically identified at this time. However, staff will ensure that all available external funding sources." The staff memo proposes measures like "Zero emission city fleet." How much will this cost? And if you allowed true freedom of speech and other-than-green-agenda-input you might even know that an all electric vehicle is NOT good for the environment! What about the Human Cost? Are you aware that the minerals for EV batteries and solar panels largely come from communist China who use Uyghur slave labor to make them? " ... environmental journalist Michael Shellenberger sounded the alarm over the connection between Chinese-made solar panels and the CCP's ongoing genocide of the Uyghur ethnic group ... Shellenberger [referenced] a report by The New York Times that connected the production of solar panels in China to the 'forced labor' of minority groups in Chinese- occupied East. .. People say that what reduced the cost of solar panels was tech innovation, but it wasn't ... lt was Chinese government subsidies, coal, and forced labor. This issue should transcend politics. It's immoral to import products made in such horrific conditions." https://catholicvote.org/house-both-parties-confront-biden-over-solar-panels-made-by-forced-labor-in-china/ 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 386 of 637 To gather the minerals countries like Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in south central Africa use child labor to di in dirt at ennies a day?? https://www.themainewire.com/2022/12/maine-ev-goals-put-green-ideology-overclives-of-cobalt-mining-conqolese-children/ "Cobalt is an essential ingredient in lithium-ion batteries. Around 7 4% of the cobalt on the planet lies in one small area of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in south central Africa ... the Chinese government and Chinese mining companies took con_tfql of almost all the big mines." Since then, Kara says, "The local population has been displaced, is under duress, and they dig in absolutely sub-human gut-wrenching conditions for a dollar ·a day feeding Cobalt up the supply chain." Are you aware that public demand for EV's is so low that "Amazingly, less than 10% of all new car sales over the past two years were EVs . This is despite the fact that the U.S. government is writing ci $7,500 check to people for buying an EV, and some states are kicking in $5,000 more ... all-in EV subsidies can reach $40,000 per vehicle ... It would practically be cheaper for the government to purchase a new gas vehicle for every American car buyer." And "Energy expert Robert Bryce estimates that Ford has lost $62,000 for each EV it has rolled off the assembly line." https://www.dailysiqnal.com/2023/ 10/31 /the-great-green-enerqy-transition-that- wasnt /?utm source=TDS Email&utm medium=email&utm campaiqn=CapitolBell Lastly, the energy discussion should include fossil fuels and nuclear options. Climate alarmists have caused undue fear of these options. The truth matters. 'The rate of climate disaster death has gone down by a factor of 50. So it's gone down 98% in the last 100 years. Why? Because whatever warming impact we've had on climate is trivial compared to our ability to neutralize climate danger to what I call master climate. If you have a lot of energy to power irrigation systems and to power crop transport and to heat and to cool, and to build sturdy infrastructure and to have storm warning systems to tap evacuation, you're going to be incredibly safe from climate. So climate change doesn't matter compared 2 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 387 of 637 to climate mastery. And the way you get climate mastery is having cheap energy. And the only way you can get cheap energy on a large scale right now and for the foreseeable future is fossil fuels. So undoubtedly, Africa needs far more fossil fuels to develop and prosper, and that's not going to cause a crisis." https://alexepstein.substack.com/p/my-speech-and-interview-at- africa?utm source=post-email-title&publication id=5 l 360 l &post id= 1382471 SO&utm campaiqn=email-post- title&isFreemail=true&r=plnld&utm medium=email Note too that the Scientific Community is not monolithic. An article titled "Coalition of Scientists: 'There is No Climate Emergency"' states "Climate science has degenerated into a discussion based on beliefs, not on sound self-critical science, ... ln the future, climate research must give significantly more emphasis to empirical science." The signers highlighted that "natural as well as anthropogenic factors" have led to warming, but that this is no surprise or cause for alarm, because "the earth 's climate has varied as long as the planet has existed, with natural cold and warm phases ." https://catholicvote.org/coalition-of-scientists-no- climate-emergency/ Stop the fear mongering and stop spending our money on these climate hysteria programs and start better understanding the Energy Issues by opening up the conversation to those not on the green agenda alarm squad. Revise staff's stakeholder community to include those other than the Green Agenda community. 3 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 388 of 637 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Krisha Markowicz < krisha2700@yahoo.com > Tuesday, November 7, 2023 11 :46 AM City Clerk Subject: No to agenda 5 Financing the Green Agenda boondoggle presents a huge problem and is only superficially addressed in the memo noting that we can expect there will be a need for 'new staffing' -following the paradigm of government created and tax payer funded cottage industries like the homeless programs -new staff, new infrastructure, new administration, new funding. The memo goes on to state that "Because of the nature of a long-range planning program such as the Climate Action Plan update, actual resource needs have not been specifically identified at this time. However, staff will ensure that all available external funding sources." The staff memo proposes measures like "Zero emission city fleet." How much will this cost? And if you allowed true freedom of speech and other-than-green-agenda-input you might even know that an all electric vehicle is NOT good for the environment! What about the Human Cost? Are you aware that the minerals for EV batteries and solar panels largely come from communist China who use Uyghur slave labor to make them? " ... environmental journalist Michael Shellenberger sounded the alarm over the connection between Chinese-made solar panels and the CCP's ongoing genocide of the Uyghur ethnic group ... Shellenberger [referenced] a report by The New York Times that connected the production of solar panels in China to the 'forced labor' of minority groups in Chinese- occupied East ... People say that what reduced the cost of solar panels was tech innovation, but it wasn't ... lt was Chinese government subsidies, coal, and forced labor. This issue should transcend politics. It's immoral to import products made in such horrific CO n di ti O ns. '' https: // catholicvote. org /house-both-parties-confront-biden-over-solar-panels-made-by-forced-labor-in-china / To gather the minerals countries like Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in south central Africa use child labor to dig in dirt at pennies a day?? 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 389 of 637 https: //www.themainewire.com/2022/ 12/maine-ev-goals-put-green-ideology-over-lives-of-cobalt-m in ing-conqolese-c hildren / "Cobalt is an essential ingredient in lithium-ion batteries. Around 7 4% of the cobalt on the planet lies in one small area of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in south central Africa ... the Chinese government and Chinese mining companies took control of almost all the big mines ." Since then, Kara says, "The local population has been displaced, is under duress, and they dig in absolutely sub-human gut-wrenching conditions for a dollar a dayfeeding Cobalt up the supply chain." Are you aware that public demand for EV's is so low that "Amazingly, less than 10% of all new car sales over the past two years were EVs. This is despite the fact that the U.S. government is writing a $7,500 check to people for buying an EV, and some states are kicking in $5,000 more ... all-in EV subsidies can reach $40,000 per vehicle ... It would practically be cheaper for the government to purchase a new gas vehicle for every American car buyer." And "Energy expert Robert Bryce estimates that Ford has lost $62,000 for each EV it has rolled off the assembly line." https://www.dailysignal.com/2023/ 10/31 /the-great-green-energy-transition-that- wasnt/?utm source=TDS Email&utm medium=email&utm campaiqn=CapitolBell Lastly, the energy discussion should include fossil fuels and nuclearoptions. Climate alarmists have caused undue fear of these options. The truth matters. "The rate of climate disaster death has gone down by a factor of 50. So it's gone down 98% in the last 100 years. Why? Because whatever warming impact we've had on climate is trivial compared to our ability to neutralize climate danger to what I call master climate. If you have a lot of energy to power irrigation systems and to power crop transport and to heat and to cool, and to build sturdy infrastructure and to have storm warning systems to tap evacuation, you're going to be incredibly safe from climate. So climate change doesn't matter compared to climate mastery. And the way you get climate mastery is having cheap energy. And the only way you can get cheap energy on a large scale right now and for the foreseeable future is fossil fuels. So undoubtedly, Africa needs far more fossil fuels to develop and prosper, and that's not going to cause a crisis ." https://alexepstein.substack.com/p/my-speech-and-interview-at- 2 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 390 of 637 africa?utm source=post-email-title&publication id =5 l 360l &post id= l 38247 l 50&utm campaign=email-post- title&isFreemail=true&r=plnld&utm medium=email Note too that the Scientific Community is not monolithic. An article titled "Coalition of Scientists: 'There is No Climate Emergency'" states "Climate science has degenerated into a discussion based on beliefs, not on sound self-critical science, ... ln the future, climate research must give significantly more emphasis to empirical science." The signers highlighted that "natural as well as anthropogenic factors" have led to warming, but that this is no surprise or cause for alarm, because "the earth's climate has varied as long as the planet has existed, with natural cold and warm phases." https://catholicvote.org/coalition-of-scientists-no- climate-emergency/ Stop the fear mongering and stop spending our money on these climate hysteria programs and start better understanding the Energy Issues by opening up the conversation to those not on the green agenda alarm squad. Revise staff's stakeholder community to include those other than the Green Agenda community. Krisha Wolter District 2 resident. Sent from my iP hone en attachments or click on finks unless ou reco nize the sender and know the content i 3 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 391 of 637 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Tamara Dixon <tamara9497@yahoo.com> Tuesday, November 7, 2023 11 :56 AM Sent: To: City Clerk Subject: Agenda 5 Dear council members, City Council November 7, 2023, Agenda 5 Financing the Green Agenda boondoggle presents a huge problem and is only superficially addressed in the memo noting that we can expect there will be a need for 'new staffing' -following the paradigm of government created and tax payer funded cottage industries like the homeless programs -new staff, new infrastructure, new administration, new funding. The memo goes on to state that "Because of the nature of a long-range planning program such as the Climate Action Plan update, actual resource needs have not been specifically identified at this time. However, staff will ensure that all available external funding sources." The staff memo proposes measures like "Zero emission city fleet." How much will this cost? And if you allowed true freedom of speech and other-than-green- agenda-input you might even know that an all electric vehicle is NOT good for the environment! What about the Human Cost? Are you aware that the minerals for EV batteries and solar panels largely come from communist China who use Uyghur slave labor to make them? " ... environmental journalist Michael Shellenberger sounded the alarm over the connection between Chinese-made solar panels and the CCP's ongoing genocide of the Uyghur ethnic group ... Shellenberger [referenced] a report by The New York Times that connected the production of solar panels in China to the 'forced labor' of minority groups in Chinese-occupied East ... People say that what reduced the cost of solar panels was tech innovation, but it wasn't ... lt was Chinese government subsidies, coal, and forced labor. This issue should transcend politics. It's immoral to import products made in such horrific conditions.'' https://catholicvote.org/house-both-parties-confront-biden-over- solar-panels-made-by-forced-labor-in-china/ To gather the minerals countries like Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in south central Africa use child labor to dig in dirt at pennies a 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 392 of 637 https://www.themainewire.com/2022/12/maine-ev-goals-put-green-ideology-over-lives- of-cobalt-mining-congolese-children/ "Cobalt is an essential ingredient in lithium-ion batteries. Around 7 4% of the cobalt on the planet lies in one small area of the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in south central Africa ... the Chinese government and Chinese mining companies took control of almost all the big mines." Since then, Kara says, "The local population has been displaced, is under duress, and they dig in absolutely sub-human gut-wrenching conditions for a dollar a day feeding Cobalt up the supply chain." Are you aware that public demand for EV's is so low that "Amazingly, less than 10% of all new car sales over the past two years were EVs. This is despite the fact that the U.S. government is writing a $7,500 check to people for buying an EV, and some states are kicking in $5,000 more ... all-in EV subsidies can reach $40,000 per vehicle ... It would practically be cheaper for the government to purchase a new 2 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 393 of 637 gas vehicle for every American car buyer." And "Energy expert Robert Bryce estimates that Ford has lost $62,000 for each EV it has rolled off the assembly line." https://www.dailysignal.com/2023/l 0/31 /the-great-green-energy-transition-that- wasnt/?utm source=TDS Email&utm medium=email&utm campaign=CapitolBell Lastly, the energy discussion should include fossil fuels and nuclearoptions. Climate alarmists have caused undue fear of these options. The truth matters. "The rate of climate disaster death has gone down by a factor of 50. So it's gone down 98% in the last 100 years. Why? Because whatever warming impact we've had on climate is trivial compared to our ability to neutralize climate danger to what I call master climate. If you have a lot of energy to power irrigation systems and to power crop transport and to heat and to cool, and to build sturdy infrastructure and to have storm warning systems to tap evacuation, you're going to be incredibly safe from climate. So climate change doesn't matter compared to climate mastery. And the way you get climate mastery is having cheap energy. And the only way you can get cheap energy on a large scale right now and for the foreseeable future is fossil fuels. So undoubtedly, Africa needs far more fossil fuels to develop and prosper, and that's not going to cause a crisis."https://alexepstein.substack.com/p/my-speech-and-interview-at- africa?utm source=post-email- title&publication id=Sl 3601 &post id=l 38247150&utm -campaign=email-post- title&isFreemail=true&r=plnld&utm medium=email Note too that the Scientific Community is not monolithic. An article titled "Coalition of Scientists: 'There is No Climate Emergency'" states "Climate science • has degenerated into a discussion based on beliefs, not on sound self- critical science, ... In the future, climate research must give significantly more emphasis to empirical science." The signers highlighted that "natural as well as anthropogenic factors" have led to warming, but that this is no surprise or cause for alarm, because "the earth's climate has varied as long as the planet has existed, with natural cold and warm phases." https://catholicvote.org/coalition-of-scientists-no-climate-emergency/ Stop the fear mongering and stop spending our money on these climate hysteria programs and start better understanding the Energy Issues by opening up the conversation to those not on the green agenda alarm squad. Revise staff's stakeholder community to include those other than the Green Agenda community. Thank you Tamara Dixon Tamara Dixon Sent from my mobile phone 619-787-7396 3 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 394 of 637 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Subject: George Corrales <george.corrales@interlogica.com > Tuesday, November 7, 2023 12:10 PM City Clerk City Council Agenda 5, November 7, 2023 Financing the hysteria-driven Green Agenda is a huge waste of human resources, time, and money. As noted, for example, "new staffing" will be needed, but "because of the nature of a long-range planning program like the Climate Action Plan update, actual resource needs have not been specifically identified at this time." Translation, taxpayers are on the hook in perpetuity. That is not acceptable. Another example includes moving the city towards a "zero-emission city fleet." The cost? Not specified. Why? Because the facts on EVs are in: all-electric vehicles are bad for the environment, lithium mining is off the backs of poverty-stricken nations, and new, better alternatives are on the near horizon, including Toyota's investment in hydrogen-and ammonia-powered vehicles. The human cost must also be weighed. For example, communist China uses Uyghur slave labor to extract EV battery and solar panel minerals. Environmental writer Michael Shellenberger raised concerns about the link between Chinese-made solar panels and the CCP's continuing extermination of the Uyghur ethnic minority. According to Shellenberger, a New York Times study linked Chinese solar panel manufacture to forced labor of minority communities in Chinese-occupied East. Tech innovation is often credited for lowering solar panel costs, however this is not true.China provided subsidies, coal, and forced labor. It should transcend politics. Importing items from such squalor is immoral." See: https://catholicvote.org/house-both-parties-confront-biden-over-solar-panels-made-by- forced-labor-in-china/ See: https://www.themainewire.com/2022/12/maine-ev-goals-put-green-ideology-over-lives- of-cobalt-mining-congolese-children/ Cobalt is crucial to lithium-ion batteries. Approximately 74% of global cobalt is found in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (DRC) in south-central Africa, where the Chinese government and mining corporations control most major mines. Since then, Kara explains, "The local population has been displaced, is under duress, and they dig in 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 395 of 637 absolutely sub-human gut-wrenching conditions for a dollar a day feeding Cobalt up the supply chain." Less than 10% of new automobile sales over the last two years were EVs, indicating poor consumer demand. Even if the U.S. government provides $7,500 for EV purchases and certain states contribute $5,000 extra, all-in EV subsidies may approach $40,000 per car. The government would save money by buying every American car buyer a new gas vehicle. Energy expert Robert Bryce says Ford has wasted $62,000 on each EV it has produced on the assembly line. See: https://www.dailysignal.com/2023/10/31/the-great-green-energy-transition-that- wasnt/?utm source=TDS Email&utm medium=email&utm campaign=CapitolBell Finally, energy discussions should include fossil fuels and nuclear. Climate alarmists have created unnecessary dread about these choices. The truth counts. "Climate catastrophe deaths have dropped SO-fold. The previous 100 years have seen a 98% drop. Why? Because our warming influence is negligible compared to our power to govern climate. You'll be climate-safe if you have enough energy to power irrigation systems, crop transport, heating, cooling, building durable infrastructure, and storm warning systems to evacuate. So climate mastery trumps climate change. With inexpensive energy, you can master climate. You can only obtain inexpensive energy on a massive scale from fossil fuels today and in the future. African development and prosperity need substantially more fossil fuels, but that won't trigger a catastrophe." See: https://alexepstein.substack.com/p/my-speech-and-interview-at- africa?utm source=post-email- title&publication id=513601&post id=138247150&utm campaign=email-post- title&isFreemail=true&r=plnld&utm medium=email Be aware that the Scientific Community is diverse. According to the article "Coalition of Scientists: 'There is No Climate Emergency"', climate science has become a topic focused on ideas rather than good evidence.Climate research must emphasize empirical science more in the future." The signers noted that "natural as well as anthropogenic factors" have caused warming, but "the earth's climate has varied as long as the planet has existed, with natural cold 2 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 396 of 637 and warm phases." https://catholicvote.org/coalition-of-scientists-no-climate- emergency/ Stop the fear mongering and stop spending money on climate hysteria initiatives. Instead, open the discourse to non-green agenda alarmists to better comprehend energy issues. Add non-Green Agenda stakeholders to staff's stakeholder community. CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you reco nize the sender and know the content i safe. 3 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 397 of 637 From: Sent: To: Subject: Importance: Expires: Agenda 5 Dear Council Members, tamara9497@yahoo.com Tuesday, November 7, 2023 1 :18 PM City Clerk agenda 5 High Thursday, December 7, 2023 12:00 AM A $500-million dollar project is finally getting started after years of hype and headlines about the Imperial Valley someday becoming a powerhouse in the fight against climate change. An Australian company is preparing to tap a buried reservoir of salty, superheated water to produce renewable energy-and lithium., a crucial ingredient in electric car batteries. Can you imagine the particles of dust and lithium that will float into nearby towns? Wait, isn't that Carlsbad where the batteries will be manufactured. What about the decimation to our land due to the digging. Have people who want to only go electric realize they are voting "for" more pollution unbeknownst to them. What happens afterthe batteries cannot be used any longer? Will they be thrown into a battery graveyard to have lithium seep into our dirt and streams? What happens if our electric grid goes down? How will everyone charge their car battery and be able to use their appliances. If climate change is so important to you, wll YOU give up your private trips by jet or gas guuling car? The most logical answer is not to go all electric as there is no 9..Jch thing as climate change. The only climate change I see is the trash the homeless leave behind. Thank you, Tamara Dixon 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 398 of 637 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Mike McMahon <2mmcmahon@gmail.com> Monday, November 6, 2023 3:34 PM City Clerk Subject: City Council Meeting for Nov 7, 2023 Agenda Item 5, Potential GHG Emissions for the CAP Update Dear Mayor and City Council, All Receive -Agenda Item n.5_ For the Information of the: CITY COUNCIL Datel/h/:J.3CA JCCC ~ CM ~ACM 2'.'.'.'.:. DCM (3) L Explore, Enjoy & Protect the Planet Our city will need to reduce greenhouse gases (GHG) in 2030 by 50% and in 2045 by 85% from 1990 levels. These reductions are predicated on when the measures are implemented, the sooner measures are implemented the sooner we can meet these state deadlines. While building on some previous CAP measures, staff has listed additional measures that need immediate attention to enact and measure their progress in meeting our climate goals. This will require the city to have an implementation plan to actively fund and identify priority measures, chart costs, task responsible staff, interface with related agencies, and meet timelines. • All additional proposed CAP measures need to be acted on, but by far, energy and transportation will need the city's active attention and ongoing commitment to meet our mandated state GHG levels. We urge the city to focus on the following areas: • The TDM is weak. With transportation ~50% of our emissions, this needs serious action. The recent purchase of 40 new police cruisers in lieu of looking at options for hybrids shows a lack of commitment to lowering GHGs in this sector. Recruit more businesses by adjusting the threshold for requiring a TDM plan. • Our third highest generator of GHG is natural gas use. 2035 is the year our General Plan anticipates the city will be fully developed or built out. As a city that has declared a climate emergency, we can no longer continue to keep building out natural gas fossil fuel lines into buildings. We need to enact an ordinance for new building electrification (through building efficiency reach code adoption) and, at the same time, start the process of retrofitting buildings to higher efficiency standards. All new building codes should strongly incentivize if not mandate all electric soon so that residents aren't left with stranded methane infrastructure should the state move to removing gas from buildings. • Establish a city wide CEA goal of 100% renewable energy by 2035 for residential, non-residential and municipal buildings. • Make climate action front and center by creating a dashboard on the city's home page to monitor CAP progress and quick links for residents and businesses to learn about building decarbonization, and incentives available to make clean appliance purchases. Again, we can't stress enough that action be taken soon. Locking in GHG reductions greatly improves our ability to meet our targets. Carlsbad needs to show it really is a sustainability leader and not just taking the path of least resistance. 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 399 of 637 Mike McMahon On Behalf of Sierra Club North County Coastal Group CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content i 2 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 400 of 637 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Subject: Dear Council members, Mary Hassing <mehassing@gmail.com> Monday, November 6, 2023 4:08 PM City Clerk Comment on Agenda #5, Potential Measures to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions for the Climate Action Plan Update As you go through the process of updating the city's Climate Action Plan, I urge you to prioritize the reduction of GHG emissions. If Carlsbad is to meet the mandated CA target goals of 50% reduction from 1990 levels in 2030 and 85% in 2045, there must be a firm commitment to an immediate implementation plan. Electrification of new building construction through adoption of a reach code, and elimination of new gas lines, is an important step. lncentivizing all electric for commercial and residential buildings helps the city move into the future and helps businesses and residents update their infrastructure to achieve a cleaner and healthier environment. Certainly, new city facilities and renovations should automatically be all electric. Transportation produces around 50% of emissions. Decisions we make every day influence that percentage, whether we use available public transportation, bike, walk or carpool. Many Carlsbad residents have chosen to purchase an electric or hybrid vehicle. It was discouraging to learn that the city recently decided to purchase 40 new gas engine police cruisers. How many years will those vehicles be on our roads and how many tons of GHG emissions will they produce? We residents are looking for your leadership in fighting climate change. In the spirit of Carlsbad's Climate Emergency Declaration, please recommit to doing all you can for our environment. Sincerely, Mary Hassing Carlsbad CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content i safe. 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 401 of 637 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: kelly.a.lyndon@gmail.com Sent: Monday, November 6, 2023 6:52 PM City Clerk To: Cc: Katie Hentrich Subject: Comments on Item #5 on 11/7/23 agenda Regarding Item #5 "POTENTIAL MEASURES TO REDUCE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS FOR THE CLIMATE ACTION PLAN UPDATE" I'm pleased to see the progress on the CAP, this is such an important effort for the community of Carlsbad. The following are my comments on the CAP proposed actions developed by staff: 1. Renewable Energy at Municipal Facilities: I recommend changing the title to add "and Energy Efficiency", based on content and parallel to other sections. 2. Renewable Energy at Municipal Facilities: while it does say "Eliminate natural gas use from city facilities", I suggest being more specific -all new municipal buildings and additions/alterations should be all-electric, including replacing gas systems with efficient electric systems at their end of life. 3. In the two sections on Res & Non Res EE & RE, I suggest adding a contingent action -to pass a reach code to require all-electric buildings if and when the associated legal issues (CRA vs Berkeley) are resolved. This CAP will last many years, hopefully one day the lawsuit will be resolved allowing this. 4. Building Energy Benchmarking: This is great, but it is just reporting usage. Usually cities take it further and create a "Building Performance Standard", which establish specific performance levels that buildings must achieve over time. I suggest a phased approach starting with Benchmarking and then adding Performance Standards 5. Decarbonize Existing Buildings: I suggest adding "Community-Driven Retrofit Accelerator" as another example under the supporting action "Seek external funding ... " Thank you, Kelly Lyndon CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content i safe. 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 402 of 637 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Cc: Subject: Attachments: Craig Benedetto <craigb@calstrat.com> Tuesday, November 7, 2023 9:49 AM Katie Hentrich Melanie Cohn; Melanie Woods; Chris Duggan; Fred Tayco; Angeli Calinog Hoyos; Marshall Anderson; City Clerk; Lori Pfeiler; Hannah Gbeh; Manager Internet Email Coalition Ltr -Carlsbad CAP Update -Item #5 -Nov 7, 2023 Coalition Ltr -Carlsbad CAP Update -Nov 7, 2023.pdf Good morning Katie. Please accept a comment letter from our coalition on the draft Climate Action Plan to be discussed this evening by the City Council. I've copied all of our members who have co-signed this letter. We look forward to further discussion with you about the specifics of the plan in the near future. In the meantime, please let us know if you have any comments or questions. Thanks and have a great rest of your morning. Sent by: Craig Benedetto California Strategies 530 B Street, Suite 920 San Diego, CA 92101 0: (619} 546-7451 C: (619} 980-8032 E: craigb@calstrat.com www.calstrat.com CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content i safe. 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 403 of 637 November 7, 2023 NAIOP San Diego BOMA San Diego San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce Biocom California California Apartment Association California Restaurant Association Building Industry Association of San Diego San Diego County Lodging Association TRANSMITTED ELECTRONICALLY Katie Hentrich, CAP Administrator Environmental Sustainability City of Carlsbad 1635 Faraday Ave. Carlsbad, CA 92008 RE: DRAFT Climate Action Plan Update Dear Katie: On behalf of the undersigned coalition, please accept some preliminary comments on the draft Climate Action Plan Update documents the City has posted on its website. It should be noted that the draft document is mostly thematic, so it's difficult to make direct comment to specific proposals, but we have endeavored to give our thoughts on the numerous issues that might be included under these thematic areas. In general, our coalition appreciates that cities are regularly updating their climate action plans to reflect environmental priorities and state law changes. Our coalition's members have been leaders in reducing greenhouse gas emissions from the built environment. Our members see themselves as part of the solution to addressing climate change. Again, in general, our members and for those who have rental commercial or residential property, their tenants also recognize and support, within reason, the importance of protecting our planet by increasing energy efficiency. It's important to note, and as the greenhouse gas inventory conducted by city staff demonstrates, the vast majority of climate emissions are from transportation. Our coalition believes the best way to control transportation emissions is to increase jobs creation adjacent to where people live. In Carlsbad, while there has been excellent planning to try and balance jobs Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 404 of 637 and housing, more could be done on this front to balance the distance between where people live, where they work and where they seek their services. The remaining emission reduction opportunities are spread between a number of categories, all of which represent a small amount of GHG. As the City looks to adopt even more stringent rules, you should be careful to not harm the ability of jobs providers to create new commercial and industrial spaces, detrimentally impact your existing employers, as that could be counter to the important goal of reducing GHG by better co-location and balance of jobs-housing-services. With these preliminary general thoughts in mind, we offer the following comments on the theme areas included in the draft plan: • Emissions benchmarking reports -state law already requires this reporting. Other jurisdictions, like the City of San Diego, also have overlapping requirements for these reports. We would strongly recommend that the required reports mirror those already provided to the state. Energy Star Portfolio Manager is the tool used, and we'd recommend that tool be used here, if a duplicative require'!lent is desired. • Building code energy efficiency requirements -the State of California already has some of the most stringent energy efficiency requirements in the world. Some jurisdictions like the public relations narrative of going beyond state requirements using "reach" or "stretch" codes. We would strongly encourage caution in going beyond already aggressive state standards. It creates uncertainty in the development process, as well as a competitive disadvantage in your community. • Electrification -our coalition has opposed building electrification mandates. While we know that's not presently being considered, we also know it's still a potential future consideration, which is why we reinforce this point. Numerous examples exist of the need for a variety of clean energy production methods that cannot meet this standard. Whether its life sciences, restaurants or other manufacturers, including the provision of services in larger buildings, some processes or equipment require natural gas. It's a relatively small amount, by comparison to other emission sources, and shouldn't be immediately discarded given the implications. With regard to residential property, the mandated replacement of appliances, water heaters or other equipment in existing buildings would represent a significant cost which would accrue to residents. • EV charging and photovoltaic mandates should be carefully considered. These are extremely expensive requirements that are not easily achieved, particularly in commercial settings. Serving those additional loads on a property by property basis can be challenging, and expensive. As in other comments, these mandates add to the cost of doing business or the cost of housing, and our coalition believes the cost-benefit should be a factor in these decisions. • Incentives work. An excellent example is in the installation of photovoltaic as well as the acquisition of electric vehicles. When incentives, like tax credits, are applied, acceptance and adoption increases exponentially. When they drop, like the recent decision by the Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 405 of 637 CPUC to change net metering rules, adoption dramatically drops. The City should focus on incentives for change, rather than mandates. • Transportation demand management is a cautionary tale. In some cases, mandates under a TDM program that drive either operational changes or impact employees from a cost or convenience standpoint could drive businesses out of Carlsbad, which harms your economic development efforts, as well as conflicts with the greatest means of reducing emissions, which is having jobs adjacent to homes in your community. Voluntary programs, coupled with financial incentives to pay for ride sharing are something to be used and expanded. Additional analysis should also be completed. Given COVID-era driven changes in work habits, a number of employers are allowing an even greater share of work from home opportunity, which may mean that these goals are already being readily met. Focus should also be paid to improving the areas transit services, including shuttle services to and from rail stations. Convenience drives behavior, so that could assist greatly in reducing auto trips. Lastly, the State of California has already mandated the phasing out of combustion vehicle sales. There should be much less concern about vehicle emissions, given the time horizons for these mandates. • Parking Demand Management -Village and Barrio parking management studies are being conducted, so no action should be taken until those are done. Again, similar to the TDM discussion, caution should be used in creating rules or requirements that make it difficult to develop or maintain a business within your community. Many of the ideas discussed under TDM in this letter could be considered for this as well. Lastly, we'd like to note our concerns about the public review process. We are disappointed that a council hearing is taking place before the conclusion of the very brief public comment period for the draft plan ends. In order for City decision makers to make well-informed decisions that will have lasting impact on Carlsbad and regionally, we ask that the remainder of this process is more open and collaborative with stakeholders and members of the public. In closing, we kindly request a cost-benefit analysis be done on any proposal to be considered. Thank you for your time and consideration of these thoughts. Our organizations are willing to continue to discuss these issues as you proceed with more specific update proposals. Sincerely, Craig Benedetto, NAIOP San Diego & BOMA San Diego Angeli Hoyos, San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce Melanie Cohn, Biocom California Melanie Woods, California Apartment Association Chris Duggan, California Restaurant Association Lori Holt Pfeiler, Building Industry Association of San Diego Fred Tayco, San Diego County Lodging Association CC: Carlsbad City Council Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 406 of 637 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Subject: -----Original Message----- Council Internet Email Tuesday, November 7, 2023 2:19 PM City Clerk FW: Item 5 on tonight's agenda From: Kathy Parker <casparker@outlook.com> Sent: Tuesday, November 7, 2023 1:58 PM To: Council Internet Email <CityCouncil@carlsbadca.gov> Subject: Item 5 on tonight's agenda > Council members, > All Receive -Agend a Item #~ For the Information of the: CITY COUNCIL Date /J)~~CA r CC v CM .-LACM ~DCM (3} ✓ > While I am glad to see you are at least, addressing some problems and solutions to our current climate crisis, I continue to be disappointed with the snails pace at which the city is actually implementing measures that will slow climate change . It would seem your reluctance to take action has to do with not alienating certain factions that could suffer financially from the restrictions that need to be imposed toward the goal of 100% clean energy. For the sake of the welfare of the planet, that my grandchildren will be inhabiting fo r the next many decades, I think we must be bold enough to set limits, whether popular or not, in the very near future. > > I urge you to be bold on your votes to implement the CAP despite the fact that you may find objections to some of the measures from your near sighted constituents who may find them inconvenient. > > Kathryn Parker > Residing at 3784 Skyline Rd for t he last 47 years. CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 407 of 637 From: Sent: Barba ra Diamond <diamondbarb@gmail.com > Tuesday, November 7, 2023 1 :57 PM To: City Clerk Subject: Agenda# 5 com ment on t he need for an educational out-reach program for the CAP Dear Council Members, There are many important CAP goals that deal with the reduction of fossil fuels. In my opinion, more emphasis should be on educating the public to gain commitment to these goals. Without public support, the goals will likely fall short. There are many ways to gain the public attention. Community educators could be recruited to form an educational plan. Scott Chadwick's weekly newsletter could produce interesting articles and graphs as in the news about covid. Community organizations and student groups could promote climate goals and behavior change. Eye-catching posters and advertisements with suggestions for reducing fossil fuel use and changing to renewable energy placed in various locations could attract the attention of the public who tend to be unaware of climate issues. I am sure there are many more good ideas out there. Please make this a priority that can be set into action in the near future. Barbara C. Diamond resident for 25 years in District 1. ~Barbara Diamond~ CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless ou reco nize the sender and know the content i safe. 1 CA Review GH Meeting Date: Nov. 7, 2023 To: Mayor and City Council From: Scott Chadwick, City Manager Staff Contact: Katie Hentrich, Senior Program Manager katie.hentrich@carlsbadca.gov, 442-339-2623 Subject: Potential Measures to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions for the Climate Action Plan Update Districts: All Recommended Action Receive a report on potential measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions for the draft Climate Action Plan update and provide feedback to staff as desired. Executive Summary Carlsbad’s Climate Action Plan outlines the city’s strategies and policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions to meet state-mandated targets to reduce emissions to 4% below 2012 levels by 2020, and then to 52% below 2012 levels by 2035. The plan targets the community’s greenhouse gas inventory, a list of emission sources and their associated emissions. Since the city adopted the Climate Action Plan in 2015, the communitywide greenhouse gas inventories and the statewide targets have both been updated, making it necessary to update the plan to advance the community’s goal of promoting a sustainable environment and align with updated statewide targets to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Following the direction of the City Council, staff have been working with a consultant to prepare a comprehensive update to the Climate Action Plan since 2021. This update is intended to meet two state targets: to reduce emissions to 50% below 2016 levels by 2035 and to reduce emissions to 85% below 2016 levels by 2045. As part of that process, staff are now asking the City Council to review 22 potential greenhouse gas reduction measures for inclusion in the update of the Climate Action Plan so the city can comply with the state-wide goal. Some of the proposed measures relate to actions that the city is already taking. The City Council’s feedback on these potential measures, as well as community input gathered through public engagement efforts, will help guide the rest of the development of an updated Climate Action Plan. Nov. 7, 2023 Item #5 Page 1 of 158Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 408 of 637 After the City Council’s review, staff will conduct a detailed analysis of the cost of implementing these measures and then, in early 2024, analyze their potential environmental impact, in keeping with the California Environmental Quality Act. The City Council will be asked to make the final decision on the exact emissions reductions measures to be included and to adopt the updated Climate Action Plan, as well as to review and approve the associated environmental compliance document, in mid-2024. Explanation & Analysis Purpose of Climate Action Plan Climate action plans are comprehensive plans that detail the specific activities that a government agency will undertake to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Climate action plans generally focus on those activities that can achieve emission reductions most cost-effectively. These plans typically include: •Specific city-sponsored initiatives and actions that the city controls directly, such as operations and energy use at city buildings and the types of cars in the city’s fleet. •State and city policies to direct, guide or influence outside actions, such as a requirement to recycle food scraps and energy efficiency standards for new building construction. The City of Carlsbad was one of the first cities in the county to adopt a Climate Action Plan To support California’s ambitious emissions reduction goals. The 2015 plan identified strategies and policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in a measurable way. The plan further implements the city’s Sustainability Guiding Principles and Community Values of Sustainability, as well as the actions identified in the Declaration of a Climate Emergency, approved by the City Council on Sept. 21, 2021, and the five-year Carlsbad Strategic Plan. Climate Action Plan update timeline •2015 – Climate Action Plan adopted by the City Council. •June 2021 – Funding for a comprehensive update to the Climate Action Plan was approved by the City Council as part of the fiscal year 2021-22 budget. •Nov. 23, 2021 - The city executed a professional services agreement with the Energy Policy Initiatives Center, or EPIC, with Ascent Environmental as a sub- consultant, for help developing an update to the Climate Action Plan. •April 19, 2022 - The City Council directed staff to use a customized run of the San Diego Association of Governments’ most recent Activity Based Model tailored specifically for Carlsbad in its update of the Climate Action Plan rather than the standard forecasting model that was available.1 This enabled the city to align the data and modeling used to forecast growth in Carlsbad for the Climate Action Plan with what is needed other concurrent city efforts, such as the assumptions and site analyses being used for the Housing Element update’s rezoning program, ensuring that these official city plans and standards are consistent. 1 The Activity Based Model uses community members’ daily travel itineraries to try to forecast where, when and how people will travel outside their home, providing critical information for long-range transportation and planning efforts, such as the Climate Action Plan. Nov. 7, 2023 Item #5 Page 2 of 158Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 409 of 637 •Delivery of the data was delayed numerous times, as shown in Exhibit 1. To ensure the Housing Element rezoning work met its state deadline, staff used contingency funds within the current contract to have Ascent Environmental complete the necessary transportation modeling work. •The first draft of that data was provided in May 2023, allowing the project team to move forward with preparing calculations and analyses for the Climate Action Plan update. How the plan is updated Updating the Climate Action Plan requires updating the greenhouse gas inventory and reduction targets, as detailed in Exhibit 2, to reflect the best available data and most recent state legislation. The starting point for tracking activities in such a plan is the year it began, known as the baseline year. The update of the Climate Action Plan uses 2016 as the baseline year, because it provides the most comprehensive, recent and best available data. Greenhouse gas emissions are measured as metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent, or MT CO2e.2 Based on the 2016 data, the top three categories of emissions in Carlsbad are transportation on roads (basically vehicle travel), electricity and natural gas use, as shown in the chart below. Carlsbad’s 2016 greenhouse gas emissions inventory The precise emission reduction totals, and other information, can be found in Exhibit 2, Methods for estimating GHG emissions and emissions reductions in the Carlsbad CAP Update – Draft. 2 The unit CO2e represents an amount of a greenhouse gas whose atmospheric impact has been standardized to that of one unit mass of carbon dioxide (CO2), based on the global warming potential of the gas. Nov. 7, 2023 Item #5 Page 3 of 158Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 410 of 637 Elecbicity, 2796 Natural gas, 14% Other vehicles/equipment 3% Solid waste, 4% Water treatment/delivery, 1% Wastewater treatment, 0-3% Transportation (on roads/streets), 51% State targets California’s Legislature has set the following greenhouse gas reduction targets: • 2030 - Senate Bill 32 (2016) requires the California Air Resources Board to ensure the state’s greenhouse gas emissions are reduced to 40% below 1990 levels by 2030. • 2045 - Assembly Bill 1279 (2022) requires the Air Resources Board to ensure emissions are reduced to 85% below 1990 levels by 2045. Projections to determine future emissions Staff and the consultants projected the amount of greenhouse gases that would be produced in these categories into the future, using the 2016 greenhouse gas emissions inventory and estimates for population, housing and job growth. This is called a “business-as-usual” projection, which shows the anticipated growth in emissions from these sources in the absence of any new policies and programs. Emission reductions that are expected to result from federal and state policies and programs are applied to the second set of projections, creating a “legislatively adjusted business-as-usual projection.” With the Air Resources Board’s guidance, greenhouse gas emissions were projected for the target years 2035 and 2045, 2035 being chosen because that is the year that Carlsbad’s General Plan anticipates the city will be fully developed or built-out. The city will not meet the 2045 goals without adding new city measures. The chart below shows: • The business-as-usual projection, with greenhouse gas emissions continuing unchanged • The legislatively adjusted business-as-usual projection, which accounts for the impact of federal and state laws curbing emissions, as well as the potential results of the city’s current Climate Action Plan. (More information on the federal and state programs included in the legislatively adjusted business-as-usual calculations are included in Exhibit 2.) • The greenhouse gas reduction targets in 2035 and 2045. Nov. 7, 2023 Item #5 Page 4 of 158Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 411 of 637 1,200,000 981,000 993,000 1,000,000 1,024,000 800,000 6 ~ 600,000 ~ 400,000 200,000 ~ ~ i ~ ~ ~ :::: ::l ~ :q i ~ :!S ~ 0 ... N ~ " ij "' " ~ "' ~ ~ ~ i ! .,, ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ --Business-as-usual --Legislatively adjusted --Greenhouse gas business-as-usual reduction targets State’s recommendations The California Air Resources Board provides the following guidance on how to best set targets within a Climate Action Plan: • Evaluate and adopt robust, locally appropriate emissions goals based on a local greenhouse gas emissions inventory • Express emissions goals based on mass greenhouse gas emissions reductions • Show a downward-trending greenhouse gas emissions trajectory consistent with the statewide goals Potential measures proposed To meet the greenhouse gas emissions reduction targets, the project team analyzed and developed potential measures to be included in the updated Climate Action Plan using the following guidelines: • Leverage existing city efforts to defray additional costs and staff time as much as possible • Include successful and applicable measures from the previous Climate Action Plan, as well as greenhouse gas emissions reduction strategies included in state guidance documents • Incorporate input from city staff across all departments so the measures can be implemented • Use public input so the measures reflect community priorities • Create reportable measures so the Climate Action Plan update process is transparent The project team ultimately identified 22 potential measures, including 34 primary actions and 66 supporting actions, that are proposed for the Climate Action Plan update. The measures are: • Wastewater system improvements • Water system improvements • Renewable energy at municipal facilities • Community choice energy • Nonresidential building energy efficiency and renewable energy • Residential building energy efficiency and renewable energy • Building energy benchmarking • Decarbonize existing buildings • Solid waste and organic waste diversion • Traffic calming and optimization • Transportation demand management ordinance • Safe Routes to School • Bikeway system improvements • Pedestrian system improvements • Local transportation improvements • Municipal transportation demand management program • Increase public zero emission infrastructure • Zero emission city fleet • Parking management strategies Nov. 7, 2023 Item #5 Page 5 of 158Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 412 of 637 • Convert gas-powered leaf blowers • Increase renewable or alternative fuel construction equipment • Community forest management The specific actions detailed in Exhibit 3, include the following information for each measure: • Title - Short description of the measure (listed above) • Number - An abbreviated, numerical reference for the measure • Strategy - The greenhouse gas emissions source of the measure • Primary action(s) - How the measure will reduce greenhouse gas emissions • Supporting action(s) - Activities that supports reducing emissions but do not have sufficient data to report as a primary action • Emissions reduced (2035 and 2045) - How much greenhouse gas emissions the measure will reduce by target year • Performance metric(s) - What the measure needs to complete • Monitoring data - How the measure will be tracked and reported • Responsible department(s) - Which city department will implement the measure • Co-benefits - Positive external impacts of the measure beyond reducing greenhouse gas emissions • Timeframe - How long the measure will take to implement • Equity considerations - How the measure could be implemented equitably When combined with the federal and state measures within the legislatively adjusted business- as-usual projection, the potential measures proposed for the update of the Climate Action Plan are projected to enable the city to precisely meet its 2045 reduction target. It is important to note that if one measure is relaxed, others would need to be made more stringent to meet the target, and if a measure is removed, other measures would then need to be revised or added. The chart below shows how the new measures will result in Carlsbad’s emissions reductions meeting the 2045 target. The chart below shows the percentage of the proposed measures by strategy. Nov. 7, 2023 Item #5 Page 6 of 158Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 413 of 637 1,200,000 981,000 1,000,000 800,000 600,000 400,000 200,000 "' " ., "' 0 .... ~ ~ 8 N ~ el N ~ -Business-as-usual 993,000 N "' .. "' "' " ., "' 0 .... N "' .. "' ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ el N el N ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ ::g N -Legislatively adjusted business-as-usual plus new measures "' " ~ ::g N 1,024,000 147,000 ., "' 0 .... N "' .. "' ~ ~ .. ;;: .. ;;: .. ;;: .. ;;: .. ;;: .. ;;: -Greenhouse gas reduction targets And the chart below shows the percentage of 2045 greenhouse gas emissions reductions each strategy is projected to achieve. Note: Totals may not equal 100% due to rounding. Possible climate equity study grant The harmful impacts of climate change are disproportionately experienced by vulnerable populations, historically underserved communities and people of color, as the Governor’s Office of Planning and Research has reported. Assessments of climate equity need to be added to the Climate Action Plan, to ensure the benefits and opportunities of the proposed measures are distributed equitably throughout Carlsbad. While the list of the proposed measures provided in Exhibit 3 includes equity considerations, these need to be considered further before the update is adopted. A climate equity analysis, prepared in partnership with community-based organizations, containing localized environmental, socioeconomic and public health indicators would help city staff implement the Climate Action Plan equitably and ensure that related policies and programs target the populations that would be disproportionately impacted. In August 2023, the San Diego Regional Climate Collaborative, a network for public agencies to advance climate change solutions, applied for a grant from the California Governor’s Office of Planning and Research’s Regional Resilience Grant Program to pay for a climate equity index for Carlsbad and other North County cities. The city submitted a letter of support for this proposal. If the grant is awarded, this work would be done for the city at no cost and would fill a critical gap by providing climate equity data, specific for Carlsbad and funding for robust stakeholder outreach and involvement and would be used as a companion document when implementing the updated Climate Action Plan. Nov. 7, 2023 Item #5 Page 7 of 158Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 414 of 637 Energy. 27% Transportation (on roads/sueets), 45% Other vehicles/equipment 9% Solid waste, 4% Water treatment/delivery, 5% Wastewater treatment, 5% Carbon sequestration, 5% Community Engagement The city asked the public to help shape the Climate Action Plan Update in early 2022 by providing input on environmental sustainability needs and priorities. This public input was used to develop the list of potential measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions in the Climate Action Plan Update. The public input received is summarized in Exhibit 4. Three themes emerged from that public input: 1. Take bold actions to minimize contributions to climate change 2. Consider a range of actions to help reduce greenhouse gas emissions, prioritizing reductions from transportation and energy 3. Promote equity and public awareness to improve quality of life for everyone and encourage people to drive climate action individually Starting in October, staff began holding meetings with stakeholders to discuss the proposed measures and get feedback, as well as sharing a lay-person’s summary of the measures through an online survey where community members can weigh in. To help raise awareness of the Climate Action Plan update, city staff are also visiting local events, community centers, and parks to discuss the proposed measures and invite feedback. The opportunity to give input on the potential measures is being promoted through the city’s communication channels, including e-newsletters, social media, a news release and direct emails to interested stakeholders, including those who previously provided feedback. These efforts are expected to conclude at the end of November. All feedback received will be compiled into a public input summary report and included as an appendix in the updated Climate Action Plan. Fiscal Analysis Once the potential Climate Action Plan measures have been refined to incorporate any input from the public and the City Council, the project team will conduct an analysis of the cost of implementing each measure. This implementation cost analysis will provide information on the budgetary impact of implementing the updated Climate Action Plan, such as staffing needs and other potential costs. The analysis will consider existing versus new or expanded programs, funded versus unfunded costs, costs by department, costs by Climate Action Plan measure, and costs over time. The implementation cost analysis will be included as an appendix to the Climate Action Plan update and presented to the City Council when the update is considered for adoption. It is anticipated that the Climate Action Plan update will include a number of the measure that must be implemented over the coming years related to program development, creation of ordinances, and additional implementation and monitoring. Many of these programs will be implemented through use of various departmental budgets (i.e., staff resources), while others will require other funding sources (e.g., grants, bonds, etc.) or will require new staffing or staffing reassignments. Because of the nature of a long-range planning program such as the Climate Action Plan update, actual resource needs have not been specifically identified at this time. However, staff will ensure that all available external funding sources are pursued to the extent feasible. Nov. 7, 2023 Item #5 Page 8 of 158Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 415 of 637 Next Steps The next steps for the Climate Action Plan update are to: • Continue the second phase of public engagement to get feedback on the potential Climate Action Plan measures, concluding in November 2023 • Refine potential Climate Action Plan measures, as appropriate • Develop the draft Climate Action Plan update, the implementation cost analysis, and a draft CEQA document • Share the formal draft Climate Action Plan Update, related appendices and CEQA document with the community • Present the final Climate Action Plan update to the Planning Commission, and then to the City Council The final Climate Action Plan update is estimated to be presented to the City Council in mid- 2024. Environmental Evaluation The action to receive a report and provide input does not require environmental review because it does not constitute a project within the meaning of the California Environmental Quality Act under Public Resources Code Section 21065, because it has no potential to cause either a direct physical change in the environment. The direction provided by the City Council on this item is not binding, and any possible future actions, if any, would be subject to City Council approval along with a separate environmental determination. Exhibits 1. City Council memorandum - Status of the Climate Action Plan Update - June 8, 2023 2. Methods for Estimating Greenhouse Gas Emissions and Emissions Reductions in the Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update – Draft 3. Potential measures proposed for Climate Action Plan update 4. Summary of Phase I public engagement for Climate Action Plan Update Nov. 7, 2023 Item #5 Page 9 of 158Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 416 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update K-1 Appendix K – Online Survey Results (Phase II) The online survey questions and a summary of responses are included in subsequent pages. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 417 of 637 Climate Action Plan Update 1 / 9 12.79%11 74.42%64 2.33%2 8.14%7 2.33%2 Q1 Please tell us about yourself: Answered: 86 Skipped: 0 TOTAL 86 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100% I am representing... I am a resident of... I am a business own... I am not a resident of... Other (please specify) ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES I am representing an organization I am a resident of Carlsbad I am a business owner in Carlsbad I am not a resident of Carlsbad, but I’m interested in climate issues Other (please specify) Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 418 of 637 Climate Action Plan Update 2 / 9 Q2 Which proposed actions do you support, and why? Select all that apply: Answered: 79 Skipped: 7 Wastewater system... Water system improvements Renewable energy at... Community choice energy Nonresidential building ene... Residential building ene... Building energy... Decarbonize existing... Solid waste and organic... Traffic calming &... Transportation Demand... Safe Routes to School Bikeway system improvements Pedestrian system... Local transportati... Municipal Transportati... Increase public... Zero-emission city fleet Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 419 of 637 Climate Action Plan Update 3 / 9 51.90%41 49.37%39 68.35%54 54.43%43 59.49%47 59.49%47 39.24%31 49.37%39 56.96%45 54.43%43 34.18%27 54.43%43 58.23%46 63.29%50 58.23%46 37.97%30 58.23%46 56.96%45 40.51%32 56.96%45 45.57%36 54.43%43 Total Respondents: 79 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100% Parking management... Convert gas-powered... Increase renewable or... Community forest... ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES Wastewater system improvements Water system improvements Renewable energy at municipal facilities Community choice energy Nonresidential building energy efficiency and renewable energy Residential building energy efficiency and renewable energy Building energy benchmarking Decarbonize existing buildings Solid waste and organic waste diversion Traffic calming & operation Transportation Demand Management ordinance Safe Routes to School Bikeway system improvements Pedestrian system improvements Local transportation improvements Municipal Transportation Demand Management program Increase public zero-emission infrastructure Zero-emission city fleet Parking management strategies Convert gas-powered leaf blowers Increase renewable or alternative fuel construction equipment Community forest management Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 420 of 637 Climate Action Plan Update 4 / 9 Q3 Do you have concerns about any of the proposed actions. If so, what are those concerns? Select all that apply: Answered: 46 Skipped: 40 Wastewater system... Water system improvements Renewable energy at... Community choice energy Nonresidential building ene... Residential building ene... Building energy... Decarbonize existing... Solid waste and organic... Traffic calming &... Transportation Demand... Safe Routes to School Bikeway system improvements Pedestrian system... Local transportati... Municipal Transportati... Increase public... Zero-emission city fleet Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 421 of 637 Climate Action Plan Update 5 / 9 13.04%6 17.39%8 26.09%12 21.74%10 30.43%14 36.96%17 17.39%8 36.96%17 28.26%13 28.26%13 23.91%11 15.22%7 21.74%10 15.22%7 34.78%16 23.91%11 17.39%8 34.78%16 26.09%12 30.43%14 19.57%9 17.39%8 Total Respondents: 46 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100% Parking management... Convert gas-powered... Increase renewable or... Community forest... ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES Wastewater system improvements Water system improvements Renewable energy at municipal facilities Community choice energy Nonresidential building energy efficiency and renewable energy Residential building energy efficiency and renewable energy Building energy benchmarking Decarbonize existing buildings Solid waste and organic waste diversion Traffic calming & operation Transportation Demand Management ordinance Safe Routes to School Bikeway system improvements Pedestrian system improvements Local transportation improvements Municipal Transportation Demand Management program Increase public zero-emission infrastructure Zero-emission city fleet Parking management strategies Convert gas-powered leaf blowers Increase renewable or alternative fuel construction equipment Community forest management Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 422 of 637 Climate Action Plan Update 6 / 9 Q4 What organization are you representing? (if applicable) Answered: 9 Skipped: 77 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 423 of 637 Climate Action Plan Update 7 / 9 34.85%23 25.76%17 19.70%13 19.70%13 Q5 Which ZIP Code do you live in if you are a Carlsbad resident? Answered: 66 Skipped: 20 TOTAL 66 0%10%20%30%40%50%60%70%80%90%100% 92008 92009 92010 92011 ANSWER CHOICES RESPONSES 92008 92009 92010 92011 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 424 of 637 Climate Action Plan Update 8 / 9 Q6 What business do you own? (if applicable) Answered: 12 Skipped: 74 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 425 of 637 Climate Action Plan Update 9 / 9 Q7 Would you like to receive updates on the City of Carlsbad’s Climate Action Plan? If so, please provide your email address: Answered: 40 Skipped: 46 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 426 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update L-1 Appendix L – Community Events and “Pop- Up” Tabling Attended by City Staff (Phase II) The table below documents the community events and “pop-up” tabling that were attended by city staff and the capacity in which city staff participated as part of the Climate Action Plan Update. Table A-4. Community Events and “Pop-Up” Tabling Attended by City Staff Climate Action Plan Update Date Time Location District Type of Event Host / Partner October 18, 2023 2:30-4:30 pm Village 1 Farmers market "Host - Carlsbad Village Association Partner - tabled with Library and Cultural Arts" October 21, 2023 10 am - 12 pm Dove Library 3 Fix-it clinic City-sponsored event October 22, 2023 9:15 am - 12 pm Stagecoach Park & Community Center 4 Tabling N/A October 24, 2023 9:45 - 11:45 am Dove Library 3 Tabling N/A October 24, 2023 3:15 - 5:15 pm Alga Norte Aquatic Center 2 Tabling N/A October 28, 2023 2-6 pm Village 1 Halloween in the Village "Host - Carlsbad Village Association Partner - tabled with Library and Cultural Arts" October 31, 2023 3:45-5:45 pm Pine Community Center 1 Tabling N/A November 1, 2023 10:15 am - 12 pm Poinsettia Park 3 Tabling N/A November 2, 2023 1:30-3 pm Senior Center 1 Tabling N/A November 3, 2023 10:15 am - 12 pm La Costa Canyon Park 4 Tabling N/A November 4, 2023 9 am - 1 Farmers 2 Compost and Republic Services Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 427 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update L-2 pm Building mulch giveaway November 5, 2023 8 am - 4 pm Village 1 Carlsbad Village Street Faire Carlsbad Chamber of Commerce November 15, 2023 4-5 pm Village 1 Farmers market "Host - Carlsbad Village Association Partner - tabled with Library and Cultural Arts" November 17, 2023 10-11:30 am Library Learning Center 1 Tabling N/A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 428 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update M-1 Appendix M – Media and Marketing Content (Phase II) The following includes social media posts, newsletters and newspaper articles that promoted awareness of the Climate Action Plan Update. City of Carlsbad – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/cityofcarlsbad/posts/pfbid032SCkQJZz6w3RifAWvKLbH79o1QPbLURVa TxjRuTCsWXmN74CPv6JtkPpS5MLKXBtl – Oct. 18, 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 429 of 637 if\ City of Carlsbad G ~ October 18, 20n, 0 We're updating 1he city's Climate Action Plan and have come up with a list of proposed actions for how we can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions generated in our city. Take a look and provide input through 11/17. https://loom.ly/ER7IHtY 00 19 8comments Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update M-2 City of Carlsbad – X (Twitter): https://twitter.com/carlsbadcagov/status/1714793857357910256– Oct. 18, 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 430 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update M-3 City of Carlsbad – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/p/Cyjz2YaAl5k/– Oct. 18, 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 431 of 637 ENI SignUp carlsbadcagov O • Follow Carls bad, California carlsbadcagov O We're updating the city's Climate Action Plan e and have come up with a list of proposed actions for how we can help reduce greenhouse gas emissions generated in our city. Click the link in the bio and provide input through 11/17. #Carlsbad #Getlnvolved #SustainableCarlsbad 21w usaf_01 The first action should be to recognize that EVs cause more damage to the environment than combustion engines 21w 10 likes Reply hollywoodangelbowl 21w Reply October 18. 2023 Log in to like or comment. Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update M-4 City of Carlsbad – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/cityofcarlsbad/posts/pfbid027Eaee8HfwrhDLWaRnjS6WM4nSf2T3eFrJz RVjNqhmBLdsmhg8D6tz2VcfnfqV92Ml– Oct. 19, 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 432 of 637 (Jr\ City of Carlsbad f'.li ~ O.ctober 19, 2023 • e A big weekend for high school football here in Carlsbad, and if you··re headed t o the gam e, please remember to drive safe ly and be on the lookout for bicyclis. s and people crossi g he street. Ol:her news this week includes: • ow we can keep red ucing greenhouse gas e issio 1s ■ Carlsbad Behind the Scenes: Catching up with code enforcement officials ■ New med ical cannabis delivery law ■ S ways. to mark Arts and Humanuties Month in Carl shad ■ San Diego Startup \i\leek returns to Ca rlsbad ■ Imagine a day vvithou wa er ■ Celebrating Red Ribbon Weel< in Carlsbad ■ What's on the docket fo r your next City Council meeting https:// conta. cc/3 F JO 1 CZ 00 11 rfJ like CJ •Comment 2 comments Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update M-5 City of Carlsbad – X (Twitter): https://x.com/carlsbadcagov/status/1715194896624009491?s=20– Oct. 19, 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 433 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update M-6 City of Carlsbad – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/p/CymqLtygmjj/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link– Oct. 19, 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 434 of 637 q~ 72 likes IMI SignUp carlsbadcagov O • Follow Carlsbad, California carlsbadcagov O A big weekend for high school football here in Carlsbad, and if you're headed to the game, please remember to drive safely and be on the lookout for bicyclists and people crossing the street. Other news this week includes: • How we can keep reducing greenhouse gas emissions • Carlsbad Behind the Scenes: Catching up with code enforcement officials • New medical cannabis delivery law • 5 ways to mark Arts and Humanities Month in Carlsbad • San Diego Startup Week returns to Carlsbad • Imagine a day without water • Celebrating Red Ribbon Week in Carlsbad • What's on the docket for your next October 19, 2023 log in to like or comment. Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update M-7 City of Carlsbad – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/cityofcarlsbad/posts/pfbid02v7hDi9gLVeMEL438SWX9xYdYfqWvwcgY MWVnPMeXFVDKNYHRZQ8Q8nizA9CnrMRZl– Nov. 3, 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 435 of 637 if"\ Ciirty of Carlsbad e ~ November 3, 2023 , 6 he ext City Council mee ing will take place Tuesday, Nov. 7, starti g at 5 p.m. Topics to be· discussed i elude: ♦ Assigning city s aff to negoti.a e for the possible purchase of a 16-unit apartmer building a 945 Chestm.rt Ave. • hat is sla ed forr affordable I ousing ♦ E:xt,ending t e term of a S .5 million loan awarded to a dev,eloper building 42 apartmeli1ts affordabl,e to fa milies wi h lower ir comes so a s,ewer-related issues can be resolved before construction begins ♦ Accepting a S20,000 federal grant that I e Police Department will use for active shoo er response training and equipment for police investigators ♦ An ordinance to i stall stop, sigrn;. in all directions at t e intersection of Madison Stree and Oak Avenue in the Village ♦ Po· ential ways to reduce greenhouse gas. emissions to mee • state arge· s, .as part of an update of e city's Cli ate Actio Plan ♦ A proposed policy r,elated to City Cou ncil ravel If you woul,d li!Qe to provide input you can email cou1i1 cil@carlsbadca.gov before t e meeti g or come in person and fill out a r,equest to speak. All the det ails in the link https://loo m.ly/-yu_HdU OO s 1 comment Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update M-8 City of Carlsbad – X (Twitter): https://x.com/carlsbadcagov/status/1720569338166427830?s=20 – Nov. 3, 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 436 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update M-9 City of Carlsbad – Facebook: https://www.facebook.com/cityofcarlsbad/posts/pfbid02fi8LSJZZhXHCLKaZNgx1i9oaYHGfZ4rshTk WgK17ETDaQr5fgK7BLFf7YPRVz3Aol – Nov. 9, 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 437 of 637 (Ji"\ Ciity of Carlsbad •D ~ November 9, 2023, 0 We. ay have a short week due o he Veterans Day holiday, bu here is. no shortage of news o sJ are, including the lat,est on woo I e City Council's top priorities, plus other importa nt updates: ■ Making Carlsbad a more environ entally sustaina ble city • New state grar gives a boost o our raffic safety efforts ■ City e:ons ru ion projects near you ■ Tracing your fa mily's roots with ,ew genealogy tool ■ Celebrating ative American Heritage Month ■ Meet artist IKe lsey Overs reet at Pop-up Art event ■ Veterans Day city servi-ce schedule • Wha • s on the agenda for you r next Ci y Cou nci I eeti ng ■ A v,ery spec ial ribu e to the ve er ans of #TeamCa rlsbad https:// conta .cc/3 st 7 LWw r/J ILike 0 Comment Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update M-10 City of Carlsbad – X (Twitter): https://x.com/carlsbadcagov/status/1722801516455563310?s=20 – Nov. 9, 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 438 of 637 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update M-11 City of Carlsbad – Instagram: https://www.instagram.com/p/CzctRyOA_- 1/?utm_source=ig_web_copy_link – Nov. 9, 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 439 of 637 q~ IMI SignUp carlsbadcagov O • Follow Carlsbad, California carlsbadcagov O We may have a short week due to the Veterans Day holiday, but there is no shortage of news to share, including the latest on two of the City Council's top priorities. plus other important updates: • Making Carlsbad a more environmentally sustainable city • New state grant gives a boost to our traffic safety efforts • City construction projects near you • Tracing your family's roots with new genealogy tool • Celebrating Native American Heritage Month • Meet artist Kelsey Overstreet at Pop- up Art event • Veterans Day city service schedule • What's on the agenda for your next City Council meeting • A very special tribute to the veterans 93 likes November 9, 2023 l og in to like or comment. Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update M-12 City of Carlsbad: Proposed actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions ready for review – Oct. 18, 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 440 of 637 Proposed actions to reduce greenhouse gas emissions read¥ for review llle city is updating its Climate Aeition Plan to advance the community's goal of promoting a sustainable environment and a[igIn with upd!aled slalewide targets to red uce greenhous,e gas emissions. State targels llave be-en updated since the city first adopted the Climate Action Plan in 2015, and the city has more cu rr,ent information about the amount of gre-enllouse gas emisstons gIenerated by different somoes in Carlsbad. City stafMeve-loped a list of proposed actions lo reduoe gr,eenhouse gas emissions fo r the updated Climate Action Plan. You can learn more about lhe Qroposed actions and 1:1rovide v.ourinQul until Nov. 17. Background l o support Californ ia's ambitious emissions re-duction ,goals, the City of Carls bad was one of th,e first cities in the county lo adopl a Climate Action Plan in 2015 that outlined strategies and policies to re-duce greenhous,e gas emissions in a measurable way. Clim ate action pl ans are com prehensiv,e road maps that ouUine the specific activities that a government agency will undertake to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Climate action plans gerierally focus on thos e activities that can achiev,e th,e relativ,ely greatest emission r,eductions most cosl~effectively. lllese p!aris typically include: • Specific city-sponsored initiatives and aotiorns that the city controls directly, such as operations al city buildings and the types of ca rs in the city's fleet • Policies to dire-ct, guide or influence actions of tll ird pa rtfes, su ch as a reQuir,ement to r,ecyd e food scraps and energy efficiency standards for new buifding construdion. In early 2022, lite city asked the public to shape tile Cllm ate Action Plan Update by providing input on environmental suslainabtlity needs and priorittes. lllis public input was used to help develop a list of propos,ed actions to re-duce gr,ee-n house gas emissions. A summary of the (!roposed actions is availabte on the city's websile. Provide Y.OUr inQ ut by Nov. 17. Jloin lhe mailing list to be nollitie-d of project updates. Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update M-13 City of Carlsbad: City Manager’s Update – Oct. 19, 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 441 of 637 How ca n we keep reducing greenhouse gas emissions Our beautifu l natural environment is one of the th ings our res idents love most about Ca rlsbad . That's why it's no surprise that protecting the environment is one of the main goa ls of the City_ Counci l's 5-Year Strategic Plan . This week, city staff released a list of actions being considered to further reduce greenhouse gas emissions, pa rt of a comprehensive update to the ci ty's Climate Action Plan. Carlsbad is proud to be one of the first cities in the region to deve lop a Climate Action Plan with measurable goa ls, back in 2015. Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update M-14 City of Carlsbad: City Manager’s Update – Nov. 9, 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 442 of 637 Making Carlsbad a more environmentally sustainable city We've been talking a lot about the importance of red ucing speeding, wh ich is the number one cause of injury collisions in Carlsbad. Aside from improving traffic safety, reducing speeding also lowers greenhouse gas emissions from cars, which are by far the largest source of GHGs in Carlsbad. Sources of GHGs in Carlsbad Electricity, 27% Natural gas, 14% Other vehicles/ equipment. 3% Solid waste, 4% Water treatment/delivery, 1 % Wastewater treatment, 0.30% Transportation [on roads/streets), 51 % Energy Policy Initiatives Center, University of San Diego, 2023 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update M-15 San Diego Union-Tribune: Update underway for Carlsbad’s climate action plan – Nov. 9, 2023 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 443 of 637 CARLSBAD Update underway for Carlsbad's climate action plan Carlsbad is updahng rts climate-action plan to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.. (Luis Slnco/Los Angeles Times) BY PHIL DIEHL NO\/_ 9, 2023 3:33 PM PT a a ,¢ CARLSBAD -Zero-emission city vehicles, improYed bicycle and pedestrian routes, and better transportation management systems are among measures proposed for Carlsbad's updated climate action plan. Carlsbad's goal is to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions from 2016 levels by 50 percent in 2035 and 85 percent in 2045, said Senior Program Manager Katie Hentrich in a presentation Tuesday to the City Council. ADYCRTtSCMCHT • __ Top Doctor: If You Eat Banana Every Day, This Is What Happens s, o G.nay\lD MOST READ LOCAL STORIES ) 1 Chula Vista bars official facing criminal cl-la rgcs rrom serving on any co,n rr1ittecs. She's seeking re-election. Dec.&, 2023 2 Two eight-slot)' apartment buildl11gs proposc<l for last two vacant blocks near Oceanside pier J1111e4,.202l 3 Chula Vista and Republic Services reach agrt-cn'lerll over costs associated with trash strike J.., .. 20'2 Summary of Public Engagement for Climate Action Plan Update N-1 Appendix N – Additional Comments (Phase II) Includes all additional comments that were received. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 444 of 637 From:mike_bullock@earthlink.netTo:Katie Hentrich; Council Internet Email; council@oceansideca.org Cc:"Michele Cyr"; "Tom Lichterman"; "Hope Nelson"; "Bill Fowler"; "Pete Penseyres"; "Esmeralda Gonzalez Jimenez"; "Chih-Wu Chang"; "David Hall"; "Diana Aguirre"; "Jan Neff-Sinclair"; "JaneMarshall"; "Joan Bullock"; "Luke Tesluk"; "Mary Meyers"; "Shirley Anderson"; "Vince Loughney"; "Russ Cunningham"; "Steve Birdlebough"; becollins92@gmail.com; "Sierra Conscom RonAskeland"Subject:Additional Information on Carlsbad"s Responsibility in Updating Their Climate Action Plan Date:Sunday, November 12, 2023 6:30:30 PM Attachments:image002.pngimage008.pngimage009.pngimage011.png Katie Hentrich, Senior Program Managerkatie.hentrich@carlsbadca.gov, 442-339-2623 Senior Program Manager Hentrich, Initial Statement The people that are getting a copy of this email may not agree with my comments. I am copying them only because I think they mightbe interested in climate change and what is happening in Carlsbad. I have not gotten their permission to send them a copy of thisemail. I have reviewed the video of the meeting. I have downloaded the staff report, which consists of many documents that, taken together,provide various forms of information about what is apparently being considered to amend the current CAP. Additional Information I have now read the entire Staff Report, including the additional documents, inspiring these additional statements. In my email below I compute that the official CA Plan to achieve the 2030 CA mandate, which is 40% below 1990 (about the same asin 2019) level, would mean a value of 540,000 MT, by 2030. Specifically, here is what I wrote, as shown below: Note that the SB 32, CA 2030 mandate, which uses the 1990 reference year emission level, is using the level of emissions that is about the same level as the 2019 value (shown in the yellow line and the blue line), which is, asshown, 900,000 Metric Tons (MT). (The 2019 value being nearly the same as the 1990 value is not shown by theplot, but it is a fact.) 40% below that (either the 1990 level or the 2019 level) is required by the CA mandate (SB 32), for the year of 2030 and that would be 540,000 MT. Clearly, the plot shown in the Carlsbad report is inconsistent with theofficial work of CA, which is the CARB Scoping Plan. To be consistent, it would need to show a plot achieving540,000 MT by 2030. Carlsbad needed to understand the significance of the 2022 Scoping Plan and incorporateits work quickly into its plans for revision. Looking further down in the report, I see this: The blue line comes close to 540,000 MT in 2030. For me, this is good news. However, showing this plot does not indicate how theCarlsbad CAP Update will achieve that 2030 value. Still, it is encouraging to me to see this plot because the blue line, for 2030, isclose to the CA Climate Mandate for 2030. It should be noted, however, that there is an effort going on in the CA legislature to Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 445 of 637 ----------------------------------------------- The chart below shows how the new measures w ill result in Carlsbad's emissions reductions meeting the 2045 target. The chart below shows the percentage of the proposed measures by strategy. L200,000 981,000 1,000,000 800,000 ,. 0 V 600,000 'ii 400,000 20D,000 ~Business-as-usual Nov. 7, 2023 993,000 -Leg,slat,velv adjusted business-as-usual plus new measures -.-Greenhouse gas reduc:hon targets Item #5 Pa ge 6 of 158 increase the 40% value to 55%. This shows that the Carlsbad CAP will need robust measures that can be adjusted as needed to get alarger driving reduction. Please don’t blame CA for the increase. The need to increase the reduction is driven by climate science. TDM (Transportation Demand Management) The heart of the current TMD in both the Oceanside and the Carlsbad CAP is the idea that companies in the City would submit TDMplans that would be approved by the City and then implemented by the companies. The TDM measures would reduce driving. TheTDM plans would be company measures to reduce SOV (single occupancy vehicle) commuting. The measure with the most potential is to correctly manage car parking, for the equal benefit of both drivers and non-drivers. Thereare serious problems, for both cities, with how they are working on TDM, as follows: 1. The requirement for a TDM Plan would only be applied to new companies or companies that needed a new permit. This would be a very small percentage of employers. The net VMT reduction would therefore not be significant, unless the TDM practice became widespread, by choice. 2. Neither Oceanside nor Carlsbad mentions in their CAP that they themselves are significant employers and therefore they could create TDM Plans. (Perhaps they don’t realize this or perhaps they have, but they have chosen to keep quiet and hope that no one in the public notices this oversight.) Both problems could be solved if the City admitted that they had employees and then proceeded to implement a managed car parkingsystem, using a vendor that will not charge the employer (the City) and will create a car-parking system that is favored by a supermajority of both drivers and non-drivers. This provides an implementation strategy. Both cities need to start the implementation (RFP Process) immediately, because conforming to the CARB Scoping Plan means that there can be very little so-called “free” parking, by2030. As I have mentioned, the ACE Parking CEQ is anxious to submit a proposal to do this car parking system. (I can document thisfact, upon request.) The vendor will have the ability to implement the same system at all kinds of locations, as shown in my car parkingpaper. They will be motivated to do that. Just as the Uber system has spread to most providers of ride purchase, the provider of agood car parking system will attempt to do all parking. The private sector gives us the best chance of rapid change. The problem is that governments are very resistant to change, regardless of what they might say. I wrote the paper that defined the “all purpose” carparking system in response to Oceanside Councilman Jerry Kerns giving me a disk showing me an Oceanside Transit Centerproposal that had housing, retail, and employment, as well as the existing train and bus service. He understood that the parking shouldbe shared but he did not know how that could be done. He asked me what should be done. This was back in 2008. AlthoughCouncilman Kern did not know how the parking could be managed, he thought that I might, as a systems engineer, be able to figureout how the parking system should be defined. The paper that resulted caused me to be placed on an Urban Planning Panel at the Air and Waste Management Association convention, in 2010, in Calgary, Canada. What 5 Measures? As I looked at the video of the November 7th, I saw the words “5 Measures Added”. However, reading the Staff Report, I never sawwhat those 5 measures were. I did see this: Were the “5 Measures” these “5 Actions?” As I show in my email below, there is a long list of poorly defined measures that appears,but that list cannot be the “5 Measures”. Measures to Reduce Driving and Their Conformity to Official CA Policy In the Carlsbad November 7th Staff Report, I see this critically important list of promising but poorly defined measures: Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 446 of 637 Next Steps The next steps for t he Climate Action Plan update are to: • Cont inue the second phase of public engagement to get feedback on the potential Climate Action Plan measures, concluding in November 2023 • Refine potential Climate Action Plan measures, as appropriate • Develop the drah Cl imate Action Plan update, the implementation cost ana lysis, and a drah CEQA document • Share the formal draft Climate Act ion Plan Update, related appendices and CEQA document with the community • Present the final Climate Action Plan update to the Planning Co mm ission, and then to the City Council The final Climate Action Plan update is estimated to be presented to the City Council in mid- 2024. The measures that have the potential to bring the Carlsbad CAP into compliance with the official CA Plan (the CARB Scoping Plan oflate 2022) that is designed to achieve the official CA Climate Mandate of 2030 (SB 32) are T-2 and T-10. Ignoring OR-1 and OR-2, which do not belong on the Transportation list, results in T-2 and T-10 being nearly 70% of the Transportation total. This shows theimportance of car parking, since the most powerful TDM measure is operating the employee car parking for the equal financial gain ofall the employees, regardless of whether they chose to drive a car to work. Since non-drivers will not pay to park, the system be a waythat employees can get paid extra, for each time they get to work without driving. With an “Add-In” amount added into the earnings ofthose employees that drive every day, they system can be operated so that no one loses money. As stated above, the ACE ParkingCEO wants to provide this solution. Please read Appendix E of the CARB Scoping Plan and realize the there can be no more “free” parking in Carlsbad, by 2030. TDMand “Parking Management Strategies” can be designed to bring the new CAP into compliance with the official CA Plan to achieve theofficial CA mandate, for 2030. I have looked at Carlsbad’s work so far on Parking Management. It is far off the mark. It will not lead towhat is needed. Regarding parking management, Carlsbad needs to start over. The proper way forward is simpler than the path you are on. Please allow me to help you define that solution in a Requirements Document that will support a fair RFP process. Youremployees deserve a system that is economically fair and environmentally sound. Closing Comments (Same as in the Email below) I think we should meet to go over this material. I would be happy to help in any way. Carlsbad has an opportunity to be a climateleader.I could send you the Scoping Plan and its Appendix E. I could send you my reports and the files I use to present the reports. We couldalso meet so that you can give me your concerns with this message. Highest regards, Mike Bullock 1800 Bayberry DriveOceanside, CA 92054760 421 9482 California Democratic Party Delegate, 76th Assembly District (author of 2 adopted resolutions and 5 Platform changes)Former Elected (now Associate) Member of the San Diego County Democratic Party Central Committee (author of 5 adopted resolutions) Final title before leaving Aerospace: Senior Staff Systems Engineer Air and Waste Management Association published and presented papers:Author, The Development of California Light-Duty Vehicle (LDV) Requirements to Support Climate Stabilization: Fleet-Emission Rates & Per-Capita DrivingAuthor, A Climate-Killing Regional Transportation Plan Winds Up in Court: Background and Remedies Co-author, A Plan to Efficiently and Conveniently Unbundle Car Parking Cost Quotes from the Secretary General of the UN: 1. We have a Code Red Climate Emergency. 2. We are solidly on a path to an unlivable planet. 3. We are driving towards Climate Hell with our foot on the accelerator. 4. We are dangerously close to the point of no return. From: mike_bullock@earthlink.net <mike_bullock@earthlink.net> Sent: Saturday, November 11, 2023 6:48 PM Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 447 of 637 Table 20 Summary of 203S and 204S GHG Emissions Reductions from Measures in Carlsbad CAP Emissions Reduction CAP Strategies Federal and State Regulations and CAP Measures {MTCO2e) 2035 2045 T-1 Traffic Calming & Optimization 1,334 746 T-2 Transportation Demand Management Ordinance 3,254 4,589 T-3 Safe Routes to School 70 39 T-4 Bikeway System Improvements 566 324 T-5 Pedestrian System Improvements 547 307 T-6 Local Transportation Improvements N/A N/A Transportation T-7 MunicipalTransportation Demand Management Program 92 51 T-8 Increase Public Zero Emission Vehicle Infrastructure Supporting California Advanced Clean Car II T-9 Zero Emission City Fleet 1,059 592 T-10 Parking Management Strategies 4,653 7,821 OR-1 Convert Gas-Powered Leaf Blowers 396 386 OR-2 Increase Renewable or Alternative Fuel in Construction Equipment 4,698 15,081 1fli To: 'katie.hentrich@carlsbadca.gov' <katie.hentrich@carlsbadca.gov>; 'council@carlsbadca.gov' <council@carlsbadca.gov>; 'council@oceansideca.org' <council@oceansideca.org> Cc: 'Michele Cyr' <michele.cyr@sbcglobal.net>; 'Tom Lichterman' <tlichterman@cox.net>; 'Hope Nelson' <hopefromthehood@gmail.com>; 'Bill Fowler' <wwfowler@gmail.com>; 'Pete Penseyres' <cyclovet11@yahoo.com>; 'Esmeralda Gonzalez Jimenez' <EGonzalez@oceansideca.org>; 'Chih-Wu Chang' <chihwu.chang@gmail.com>; 'David Hall' <dqhall44@gmail.com>; 'Diana Aguirre' <dra805@gmail.com>; 'Jan Neff-Sinclair' <jan.neff@ymail.com>; 'Jane Marshall' <jmarshall@bps.net>; 'Joan Bullock' <joan_bullock@earthlink.net>; 'Luke Tesluk' <luke.tesluk@gmail.com>; 'Mary Meyers' <m_e_meyers@yahoo.com>; 'Shirley Anderson' <sander1575@aol.com>; 'Vince Loughney' <loughnvj@yahoo.com>; 'Russ Cunningham' <RCunningham@oceansideca.org>; 'Steve Birdlebough' <scbaffirm@gmail.com>; 'becollins92@gmail.com' <becollins92@gmail.com>; 'Sierra Conscom Ron Askeland' <Ron.Askeland@gmail.com> Subject: Carlsbad's Responsibility in Updating Their Climate Action Plan Katie Hentrich, Senior Program Manager katie.hentrich@carlsbadca.gov, 442-339-2623 Senior Program Manager Hentrich, The people that are getting a copy of this email may not agree with my comments. I am copying them only because I think they might be interested in climate change and what is happening in Carlsbad. I have not gotten their permission to send them a copy of thisemail. I have reviewed the video of the meeting. I have downloaded the staff report showing what is being proposed to amend the currentCAP. First off, It disappoints me greatly that the year 2035 is used, in contradiction with the state mandate and climate science. SB 32established that the first California (CA) mandate is for the year of 2030. NOT 2035. Five years matter. They are critical. There is nostate mandate for 2035. Anyone interested in climate change would notice that the articles in newspapers and magazines that areabout COP26, COP27, COP28, and so one (the UN’s work on avoiding human extinction) speak only of getting larger GHG reductioncommitments for 2030. Not 2035. It is extremely dangerous to focus on any year other than 2030. Based on the Carlsbad City Council meeting of Nov. 7, 2023, no one at the City of Carlsbad seems to understand that our CAmandate is for 2030. If humans don’t get their emissions sufficiently low by 2030, we are in danger of having our climate destabilize,resulting in mass starvation and our eventual extinction. This is very serious. Quotes from the Secretary General of the UN: 1. We have a Code Red Climate Emergency. 2. We are solidly on a path to an unlivable planet. 3. We are driving towards Climate Hell with our foot on the accelerator. 4. We are dangerously close to the point of no return. This link will establish that the CA mandate is for 2030: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Senate_Bill_32#:~:text=SB-32%20requires%20CARB%20to%20reduce%20greenhouse%20gas%20emissions,most%20cost-efficient%20way%20to%20reduce%20greenhouse%20gas%20emissions.. It says (with added highlights): The California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2016: emissions limit, or SB-32, is a California Senate bill expanding upon AB-32 to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The lead author is Senator Fran Pavley and the principal co-author is Assemblymember Eduardo Garcia. SB-32 was signed into law on September 8, 2016, by Governor Edmund Gerald “Jerry” Brown Jr.[1] SB-32 sets into law the mandated reduction target in GHG emissions as written into Executive Order B-30-15. The Senate bill requires that there be a reduction in GHG emissions to 40% below the 1990 levels by 2030. Here is the report being discussed: Meeting Date: Nov. 7, 2023To: Mayor and City CouncilFrom: Scott Chadwick, City ManagerStaff Contact: Katie Hentrich, Senior Program Managerkatie.hentrich@carlsbadca.gov, 442-339-2623Subject: Potential Measures to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions for the ClimateAction Plan UpdateDistricts: AllRecommended ActionReceive a report on potential measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions for the draft Climate Action Plan update and provide feedback to staff as desired. All the talk about 2035 was contradicted in the City report that says this (emphasis added): State targetsCalifornia’s Legislature has set the following greenhouse gas reduction targets: • 2030 - Senate Bill 32 (2016) requires the California Air Resources Board to ensure the Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 448 of 637 state’s greenhouse gas emissions are reduced to 40% below 1990 levels by 2030.• 2045 - Assembly Bill 1279 (2022) requires the Air Resources Board to ensure emissionsare reduced to 85% below 1990 levels by 2045. Thanks to the work that was started in 2011 by AG Harris (now VP Harris), Carlsbad cannot ignore the CA Climate Mandates nor theofficial plan to achieve the CA Climate Mandates, which is the 2022 CARB Scoping Plan. Therefore, Carlsbad must have, for example,nearly all car parking managed (not “free”) by 2030. Difficult? Not as difficult as mass starvation. The fact is that the only way to haveeconomic equity and fairness, for car parking, is to have managed parking. “Free” is not managed. By the way, “managed’ will be more convenient for drivers than “free” as well as being equitable and environmentally sound. Regardless, it is required because it is in theofficial CA Plan, the CARB Scoping Plan. I can show you how to do this (“managed parking”) if you are interested. The Carlsbad Staff report also says this: 2035 being chosen because that is the year that Carlsbad’s General Plan anticipates the city will be fullydeveloped or built-out. That is not an adequate excuse to ignore CA’s 2030 mandate. The climate scientists are giving us climate-stabilization requirements for the years of 2030 and 2045. The UN’s “Committee of Parties (COP)” focuses on 2030. Not achieving the 2030 climate stabilizationrequirement equates to probable human extinction. Climate science and the state of California (CA), have more weight than the ideathat Carlsbad might be “built out” by 2035. It is not an exaggeration to say that taking our focus away from the year of 2030 is suicidal.We have a code red climate emergency, and we cannot afford to be intellectually lazy. On page 4 of the Carlsbad Report this plot is shown: This plot does not conform to the California Air Resources Board (CARB) Scoping Plan of December 2022. Read its Appendix E. It says we must reduce driving by 25% with respect to 2018 and to do that we need: To double transit service by 2030 with respect to 2018 (Carlsbad has very little control here) To replace “free” parking, by 2030 (Carlsbad has full control here) To have a fully functional Road Use Charge (RUC), by 2030. (Carlsbad has no control, since a RUC would be a CA policy. However, Carlsbad has voted at SANDAG to ignore CARB’s findings, thus caving into the political demagoguery that is used to vilify replacing the very regressive CA gas tax, that has no future due to the electrification of cars, with a means-based Road Use Charge that can be constructed with the features that are needed to make it fair and environmentally sound.) Note that the SB 32, CA 2030 mandate, which uses the 1990 reference year emission level, is using the level of emissions that isabout the same level as the 2019 value (shown in the yellow line and the blue line), which is, as shown, 900,000 Metric Tons (MT).(The 2019 value being nearly the same as the 1990 value is not shown by the plot, but it is a fact.) 40% below that (either the 1990 level or the 2019 level) is required by the CA mandate (SB 32), for the year of 2030 and that would be540,000 MT. Clearly, the plot shown in the Carlsbad report is inconsistent with the official work of CA, which is the CARB ScopingPlan. To be consistent, it would need to show a plot achieving 540,000 MT by 2030. Carlsbad needed to understand the significanceof the 2022 Scoping Plan and incorporate its work quickly into its plans for revision. After decades of incorrect math, CARB finally got their math correct. However, they do not show their math. I have done the same Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 449 of 637 1,200,000 981,000 1,000,000 800,000 ., 0 u ... 600,000 :E 400,000 200,000 --Business-as-usual --Legislatively adjusted business-as-usual 993,000 456,000 1,024,000 147,000 Greenhouse gas reduction targets math (it has been peer reviewed several times by the Air and Waste Management Association), allowing me to sit on AWMA’s urbanplanning panels. Based on my calculations (available upon request), I know that CARB’s math is correct. The CARB Scoping Plan of late 2022 is the official state plan for achieving the CA 2030 mandate and it shows that CA (Note:Carlsbad is in CA.) must have no “free” parking, by 2030. Do you have a plan to make that happen, by 2030? I fear you have nostrategy to make that happen, by 2030. Please read the CARB Scoping Plan and bring Carlsbad into compliance with the law. I speakhere of the law, as it has been shown by the AG Harris work that commenced with her letter to SANDAG in 2011. (I can show you thatletter.) A detail here is that failure to conform to the CA Plan to achieve the CA 2030 mandate would make the CEQA significance threshold be exceeded in the CAP’s EIR. AG Harris stated that the CA climate mandates are about climate stabilization and that climate stabilization is the objective of CEQA. At the November 7th meeting, your City Attorney sounded very unworried about the legalissues surrounding the significance threshold of a non-conforming CAP Update. Physics will not be kind to us if we ignore the concept of a significance threshold and of climate destabilization. Climate destabilization is an environmental impact that is extremely negativeand unacceptable, since it will almost certainly leave only microbiology forms of life on our planet. On page 5 the report shows 22 proposed measures, without any detail whatsoever. Here they are (emphasis added): The measures are: • Wastewater system improvements • Water system improvements • Renewable energy at municipal facilities • Community choice energy • Nonresidential building energy efficiency and renewable energy • Residential building energy efficiency and renewable energy • Building energy benchmarking • Decarbonize existing buildings • Solid waste and organic waste diversion • Traffic calming and optimization • Transportation demand management ordinance • Safe Routes to School • Bikeway system improvements • Pedestrian system improvements • Local transportation improvements • Municipal transportation demand management program • Increase public zero emission infrastructure • Zero emission city fleet • Parking management strategies The final measure, “Parking Management Strategies” conforms to the CARB Scoping Plan, which clearly indicates that we can have no “free” parking by 2030. The listed measure is not a commitment. The problem is also that it is very late to not have the specificmeasure, and to have the strategy to implement the specific measure fully described. How would this be accomplished? I have beendescribing this measure for over 10 years and one of the recipients of my work has been Carlsbad. I have been ignored. However, Ican’t give up. I have 5 grandchildren. I could show you the papers I have written on the car parking system that is needed. However, I will paste in words from anotheremail, that shows many of the car parking features that are needed and some ideas about how this could be implemented: Here’s how the Scoping Plan gets the large (25%) needed driving reduction: 1. Double transit service, with respect to 2019 levels, by 2030, 2. A RUC, fully implemented by 2030, 3. Priced Parking, fully implemented by 2030. “Priced Parking” needs refinement, if we want to be politically astute, with an attention to details. And we have no time for generalities. It is time for details. To steer developers to compliance, we should proceed in this way, after asserting the legal requirement: 1. We should recommend managed parking and point out that so-called “free parking” is not free, because such a scheme lowers wages, increases rent, and increases the cost of many items, including food. And that instead of “free parking” we need managed parking, with these features: 2. Parking should be managed so that it earns money for those for whom the parking is built or for those who are losing money because the parking is being provided. Opening an account, for easy deposit, would be encouraged. Employees would get an “add-in” payment, if that is needed, so they break even. The data needed to compute earnings would also be collected automatically. For example, employees might be required to carry a FOB, when the go to work. If a train system has car parking, it Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 450 of 637 would be helpful to have all riders carry a FOB, which would also make it easy to automatically charge the fare, beside pay the car parking earnings. 3. All parking is shared. That means that it is available to everyone with a license plate, so they can be billed. Opening an account that associates the license plate with an account would be encouraged, for the easy flow of money. 4. Parking is value priced, with the exception being on-street, when the occupancy is lower than an agreed-upon threshold, like, for example, 50%. When occupancy is below the threshold, the parking could be free. 5. Parking pricing includes congestion pricing to keep the occupancy rate from exceeding an agreed- upon value. 6. Parking is fully automated, so there is no more to do than for so-called “free” parking. 7. Data collection to support the earnings calculations is also fully automated, such as being at a work site. 8. The entire system is provided (designed, installed, and operated) by a vendor, selected in an RFP (Request for Proposal) process. 9. The best place to have the first system is at a place of employment, noting that a municipal government is an employer, and that the system should not cost the employer any money. (ACE Parking, for example, is willing to do the system at no cost. They would take small percentage of the revenue, leaving earnings, for those for whom the parking is built.) 10. The vendor would be skilled a monetizing unused parking and monetizing data. 11. Privacy would be protected, as it should likewise be specified for a Road Use Charge. 12. The vendor would be skilled at providing solar canopies, providing charging stations, and buying and selling electricity. I have explained this system to the CEO of ACE Parking. He wants to supply the solution. He will submit a proposal. That is documented in a file I have, available upon request. I have presented this at many technical conferences, so it is peer reviewed. The next Conference is here: . https://web.cvent.com/event/413d9419-4773-496c-8591-8879904f60bc/websitePage:ce1aee6f-c63f-4a65- a485-f1627b3da134 I may change the name to “Managed Parking”, a name I got from Toll Brothers. Toll Brothers has not ruled out “Managing” (as they say) the parking at the Oceanside Transit Center. What this does not show is the various algorithms that compute the earnings. One important fact about the algorithms is that they donot use whether the owner drove. Therefore, it can be shown that drivers are not being treated worse than non-drivers. The emailmessage below was written in response to my reading the UT’s description of the meeting. Closing Comments I think we should meet to go over this material. I would be happy to help in any way. Carlsbad has an opportunity to be a climateleader.I could send you the Scoping Plan and its Appendix E. I could send you my reports and the files I use to present the reports. We could also meet so that you can give me your concerns with this message. Highest regards, Mike Bullock1800 Bayberry DriveOceanside, CA 92054760 421 9482 California Democratic Party Delegate, 76th Assembly District (author of 2 adopted resolutions and 5 Platform changes)Former Elected (now Associate) Member of the San Diego County Democratic Party Central Committee (author of 5 adopted resolutions) Final title before leaving Aerospace: Senior Staff Systems Engineer Air and Waste Management Association published and presented papers: Author, The Development of California Light-Duty Vehicle (LDV) Requirements to Support Climate Stabilization: Fleet-Emission Rates & Per-Capita DrivingAuthor, A Climate-Killing Regional Transportation Plan Winds Up in Court: Background and RemediesCo-author, A Plan to Efficiently and Conveniently Unbundle Car Parking Cost Quotes from the Secretary General of the UN: 5. We have a Code Red Climate Emergency. 6. We are solidly on a path to an unlivable planet. 7. We are driving towards Climate Hell with our foot on the accelerator. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 451 of 637 8. We are dangerously close to the point of no return. From: mike_bullock@earthlink.net <mike_bullock@earthlink.net> Sent: Friday, November 10, 2023 7:10 PM To: 'Hope Nelson' <hopefromthehood@gmail.com>; 'Teresa Acosta'; 'Bill Fowler' <wwfowler@gmail.com>; 'Pete Penseyres' <cyclovet11@yahoo.com> Cc: 'Michele Cyr' <michele.cyr@sbcglobal.net>; 'Tom Lichterman' <tlichterman@cox.net> Subject: Carlsbad working to update climate plan Reality: This year 'virtually certain' to be warmest in 125,000 years, EU scientists say There does not seem to be enough concern in Carlsbad. What about our younger residents? Our children are at high risk. Here is the article: Carlsbad working to update Climate Plan City wants to reduce emissions by 85% from 2016 to 2045 (Bullock note: this is not enough, and it obscures the fact thatour first climate stabilization requirement is for the year 2030.) By Phil Diehl CARLSBAD Zero-emission city vehicles, improved bicycle and pedestrian routes, and better transportation management systems[Maybe there is some hope here. I will need to try to find out.] are among measures proposed for Carlsbad’s updated climate action plan. Carlsbad’s goal is to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions from 2016 levels by 50 percent in 2035 [Bullock note: 2035 isthe wrong date. (The 50% is about right, for 2030.) 2030 is correct and has been for over 10 years. CA’s SB 32 ClimateMandate for the year is 2030. How to achieve that is in the CARB Scoping Plan. That Plan is the official CA Plan.Carlsbad may think it can ignore the CA climate mandates. However, AG Harris established otherwise, starting that effortback in 2011. Carlsbad thinks CA doesn’t matter. Or else they are out of touch with CA and with Climate Science.] and 85 percent in 2045, said Senior Program Manager Katie Hentrich in a presentation Tuesday to the City Council. “Several of the proposed measures will take many years to design and implement [I could give them the car parking strategy and plan right now. The CARB Scoping Plan makes it clear that “free parking” does not complywith the official CA Plan. Do they know? Besides getting rid of bad car parking systems, we need a RUC, which is notCarlsbad’s responsibility, although they vote against it at SANDAG, AND we must double transit service with respect to2019, by 2030, which is also not Carlsbad’s responsibility. However, increased transit service will not be cost effective if parking is not fixed. The bottom line in both Carlsbad and Oceanside is that Democrats seem to be failing humanity. ] ,”Hentrich said, though many of the suggestions are expansions or continuations of programs the city already hasunderway. Bicycle and pedestrian routes, for example have been expanded in recent years. Carlsbad’s climate action plan is 8 years old, “and in the world of climate change that is pretty outdated,” she said.Evidence is mounting rapidly to show the dramatic effects of human activities on the warming planet. About a dozen speakers addressed the City Council on the issue; most of them supported the update. The final versionis expected to go to the council for approval in mid-2024. “There is a climate emergency,” said resident Vanessa Forsythe, who encouraged the city to act quickly and equitably. Measures need to be fair to people of all incomes, races and classes, said Forsythe and other speakers. Not everyone was in support. One resident, Mike Borrello, said, “There is no climate emergency,” adding that the city can’t afford the measures, and that it’s “all nonsense.” State goals for greenhouse gas reduction are another example of Sacramento’s overreach, said Borrello, who has spoken before on other issues such as affordable housing mandates. “I’m a taxpayer, and I won’t consent to this stuff,” Borrello said. Most other residents and City Council members praised Hentrich and the city staff for their work on the issue. Some urged the city to do more. “Please also consider an anti-idling measure,” said resident Paige DeCino. Idling vehicles are a significant and easily targeted source of greenhouse gas emissions. She also encouraged the city to speed up its transition to electric policecars. Others asked the city to stop the use of gasoline-powered leaf blowers, prohibit synthetic turf on athletic fields and ceasethe use of leaded aviation fuel at McClellan-Palomar Airport, though some of the suggestions were outside the city’sauthority. The airport, for example, is owned by San Diego County and overseen by the Federal Aviation Administration. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 452 of 637 Councilmembers Carolyn Luna and Melanie Burkholder asked about the costs of the measures, which are not detailed in the proposal presented Tuesday. Hentrich said a cost analysis is being prepared. “That’s a concern,” Luna said. “Carlsbad is balancing so many things. I’m looking forward to the fiscal analysis, that’s what I’m going to focus on.” The timing of the measures’ implementation was another issue raised by the council, and Hentrich said annual progress reports will be presented. Mayor Keith Blackburn said he’s been a slow convert to the importance of climate issues, but that whenever he talks to high school students it’s one of the first things they bring up. “I ask only that everything be balanced,” Blackburn said. “Get it done affordably and balanced with the city’s otherpriorities.” He also praised Hentrich’s work and said she’s been called the city’s “environmental Clark Kent,” a reference to thecomic book hero Superman’s alter ego. philip.diehl@sduniontribune.com Not very encouraging. The year 2035 is incorrect. The correct year is 2030. The later year (2045) is dangerous because it takes awayattention that should be devoted, 100%, to the 2030 CA Mandate. Here is the article: http://enewspaper.sandiegouniontribune.com/infinity/article_share.aspx?guid=c5b45992-6ddf-4391-aebe-56922e33e9c2 The speakers from the public that understand we have a crisis are off the mark in that they don’t seem to know that there is a CAMandate and a CA Plan. There is one denier. Maybe its better than I suspect, just reading the article. Mike CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 453 of 637 From:katrina olson To:Katie Hentrich Cc:Brooke Wedner; Wendy Mihalic Subject:CAP feedback Date:Friday, November 10, 2023 11:56:29 AM Hello Katie,I responded using your survey but I had a few other thoughts that did not fit into that format. So here goes: 1. Targets- would urge bolder targets. Zero carbon by 2035 not 85% by 2045, 2. Education- people are sort of willing but they don’t know what to do. Make this a publiccampaign with marketing attached to it. Use your marketing staff or hire someone/intern etc. -General education- on carlsbad web page- “what can I do to help with climate change”-with individual actions- links to rebates, information (Encinitas web page has this also. Use social media for this also- Facebook, twitter, instagram(dedicate a student/intern/employee/volunteer etc to this. -Individualized feedback from Carlsbad about energy usage compared to peers Businesses Residents- send personalized emails, mail or home visits - Consider outreach to high users with progress reports (maybe you already do this?) - Public accolades to businesses or individuals who make energy favorable changes-schools, government, developers/builders that they can use for their own marketing, etc. -Community Choice Energy- people still don’t understand what that is- need to provide education and reassurance - regular email blasts to Carlsbad public (residential and business) about climate-related news 3. Public facing Dashboard with updated implementation goals/targets and measurements-see Encinitas web page. Could be part of the Education component. https://www.encinitasenvironment.org/dashboard 4. Transportation -This is by far the most important GHG reducing opportunity, but seems to be the most difficult. It has to be harder for us to drive, or easier to do something else. Or use EV’s which not everyone can afford. Change rules for golf carts and encourage use of golf carts/ e-bikes for errands- work with neighborhood stores to have bike racks, recognition of customers who use bikes/golf carts etc. -Accelerate Traffic calming measures- roundabouts/ less lanes for driving etc. make people hate driving even more. And use police to enforce speed limits, red lights etc, - ( I know that speed limit is set by the state on roads based on average speeds but that is aflawed concept- there must be some loopholes..Currently I am afraid to ride my bike because the traffic is so scary. So I drive-even short distances) - City planning- People won’t want to drive if they live close to where they shop/hang out/eat etc. encourage/incentivize neighborhood pocket shopping areas - So many of our roads are 8 lanes- so biking or walking across is problematic- could you Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 454 of 637 include some pedestrian/bike bridges in city/traffic planning? 5, Funding Include in report funding sources for the needed changes. Do you have a grant writer or accountant assigned to this? Increase tax rate to include a climate tax? The public is concernedabout the costs (rightfully so), so we need to reassured or convinced that the associated costs will be reasonable and fair. Also to find a way to emphasize fair transition for workers whowill be impacted- opportunities for “green jobs”, training etc could be included in your plan. 6. Collaboration with other cities. Rather than reinvent the wheel- ex. could you collaborate with Encinitas and others- ex work together or pay them for their web content? (Or just copyit). 7. Be a good example /walk the walk- convert to all electric vehicles, electric infrastructure in all city buildings and infrastructure by 2035. Use that in Carlsbad marketing. 8. Trees- this seems relatively easy and inexpensive. Get neighbors and businesses to adopt atree. Make it part of a community plan. Developers need to include trees in their plans. 9. No gas-powered lawn equipment- leaf blowers, lawnmowers. Advertise and support incentives to convert to electric. Those of us who hire landscape companies should payspecial tax?? to support the transition. Thanks, Katrina OlsonSanDiego350 231-730-8566 CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 455 of 637 From:mike_bullock@earthlink.net To:Katie Hentrich; Council Internet Email; council@oceansideca.org Cc:"Michele Cyr"; "Tom Lichterman"; "Hope Nelson"; "Bill Fowler"; "Pete Penseyres"; "Esmeralda Gonzalez Jimenez"; "Chih-Wu Chang"; "David Hall";"Diana Aguirre"; "Jan Neff-Sinclair"; "Jane Marshall"; "Joan Bullock"; "Luke Tesluk"; "Mary Meyers"; "Shirley Anderson"; "Vince Loughney"; "RussCunningham"; "Steve Birdlebough"; becollins92@gmail.com; "Sierra Conscom Ron Askeland" Subject:Carlsbad"s Responsibility in Updating Their Climate Action Plan Date:Saturday, November 11, 2023 6:48:25 PM Attachments:image004.png Katie Hentrich, Senior Program Managerkatie.hentrich@carlsbadca.gov, 442-339-2623 Senior Program Manager Hentrich, The people that are getting a copy of this email may not agree with my comments. I am copying them onlybecause I think they might be interested in climate change and what is happening in Carlsbad. I have notgotten their permission to send them a copy of this email. I have reviewed the video of the meeting. I have downloaded the staff report showing what is beingproposed to amend the current CAP. First off, It disappoints me greatly that the year 2035 is used, in contradiction with the state mandate andclimate science. SB 32 established that the first California (CA) mandate is for the year of 2030. NOT 2035. Five years matter. They are critical. There is no state mandate for 2035. Anyone interested in climate change would notice that the articles in newspapers and magazines that are about COP26, COP27, COP28,and so one (the UN’s work on avoiding human extinction) speak only of getting larger GHG reductioncommitments for 2030. Not 2035. It is extremely dangerous to focus on any year other than 2030. Based on the Carlsbad City Council meeting of Nov. 7, 2023, no one at the City of Carlsbad seems tounderstand that our CA mandate is for 2030. If humans don’t get their emissions sufficiently low by 2030, we are in danger of having our climate destabilize, resulting in mass starvation and our eventual extinction. Thisis very serious. Quotes from the Secretary General of the UN: 1. We have a Code Red Climate Emergency. 2. We are solidly on a path to an unlivable planet. 3. We are driving towards Climate Hell with our foot on the accelerator. 4. We are dangerously close to the point of no return. This link will establish that the CA mandate is for 2030: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/California_Senate_Bill_32#:~:text=SB- 32%20requires%20CARB%20to%20reduce%20greenhouse%20gas%20emissions,most%20cost-efficient%20way%20to%20reduce%20greenhouse%20gas%20emissions.. It says (with added highlights): The California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2016: emissions limit, or SB-32, is a California Senate bill expanding upon AB-32 to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. The lead author is Senator FranPavley and the principal co-author is Assemblymember Eduardo Garcia. SB-32 was signed into law on September 8, 2016, by Governor Edmund Gerald “Jerry” Brown Jr.[1] SB-32 sets into law the mandated reduction target in GHG emissions as written into Executive Order B-30-15. The Senate bill requires that there be a reduction in GHG emissions to 40% below the 1990 levels by 2030. Here is the report being discussed: Meeting Date: Nov. 7, 2023 To: Mayor and City CouncilFrom: Scott Chadwick, City ManagerStaff Contact: Katie Hentrich, Senior Program Manager Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 456 of 637 katie.hentrich@carlsbadca.gov, 442-339-2623Subject: Potential Measures to Reduce Greenhouse Gas Emissions for the ClimateAction Plan Update Districts: AllRecommended ActionReceive a report on potential measures to reduce greenhouse gas emissions for the draft Climate Action Plan update and provide feedback to staff as desired. All the talk about 2035 was contradicted in the City report that says this (emphasis added): State targetsCalifornia’s Legislature has set the following greenhouse gas reduction targets: • 2030 - Senate Bill 32 (2016) requires the California Air Resources Board to ensure thestate’s greenhouse gas emissions are reduced to 40% below 1990 levels by 2030.• 2045 - Assembly Bill 1279 (2022) requires the Air Resources Board to ensure emissions are reduced to 85% below 1990 levels by 2045. Thanks to the work that was started in 2011 by AG Harris (now VP Harris), Carlsbad cannot ignore the CA Climate Mandates nor the official plan to achieve the CA Climate Mandates, which is the 2022 CARB Scoping Plan. Therefore, Carlsbad must have, for example, nearly all car parking managed (not “free”) by2030. Difficult? Not as difficult as mass starvation. The fact is that the only way to have economic equity and fairness, for car parking, is to have managed parking. “Free” is not managed. By the way, “managed’ will be more convenient for drivers than “free” as well as being equitable and environmentally sound. Regardless, itis required because it is in the official CA Plan, the CARB Scoping Plan. I can show you how to do this (“managed parking”) if you are interested. The Carlsbad Staff report also says this: 2035 being chosen because that is the year that Carlsbad’s General Plan anticipates the city will be fully developed or built-out. That is not an adequate excuse to ignore CA’s 2030 mandate. The climate scientists are giving us climate-stabilization requirements for the years of 2030 and 2045. The UN’s “Committee of Parties (COP)” focuses on 2030. Not achieving the 2030 climate stabilization requirement equates to probable human extinction.Climate science and the state of California (CA), have more weight than the idea that Carlsbad might be“built out” by 2035. It is not an exaggeration to say that taking our focus away from the year of 2030 is suicidal. We have a code red climate emergency, and we cannot afford to be intellectually lazy. On page 4 of the Carlsbad Report this plot is shown: Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 457 of 637 This plot does not conform to the California Air Resources Board (CARB) Scoping Plan of December 2022.Read its Appendix E. It says we must reduce driving by 25% with respect to 2018 and to do that we need: To double transit service by 2030 with respect to 2018 (Carlsbad has very little control here) To replace “free” parking, by 2030 (Carlsbad has full control here) To have a fully functional Road Use Charge (RUC), by 2030. (Carlsbad has no control, since a RUC would be a CA policy. However, Carlsbad has voted at SANDAG to ignore CARB’s findings, thus caving into the political demagoguery that is used to vilify replacing the very regressive CA gas tax, that has no future due to the electrification of cars, with a means-based Road Use Charge that can be constructed with the features that are needed to make it fair and environmentally sound.) Note that the SB 32, CA 2030 mandate, which uses the 1990 reference year emission level, is using thelevel of emissions that is about the same level as the 2019 value (shown in the yellow line and the blue line),which is, as shown, 900,000 Metric Tons (MT). (The 2019 value being nearly the same as the 1990 value is not shown by the plot, but it is a fact.) 40% below that (either the 1990 level or the 2019 level) is required by the CA mandate (SB 32), for the year of 2030 and that would be 540,000 MT. Clearly, the plot shown in the Carlsbad report is inconsistent with theofficial work of CA, which is the CARB Scoping Plan. To be consistent, it would need to show a plotachieving 540,000 MT by 2030. Carlsbad needed to understand the significance of the 2022 Scoping Plan and incorporate its work quickly into its plans for revision. After decades of incorrect math, CARB finally got their math correct. However, they do not show their math. I have done the same math (it has been peer reviewed several times by the Air and Waste ManagementAssociation), allowing me to sit on AWMA’s urban planning panels. Based on my calculations (availableupon request), I know that CARB’s math is correct. The CARB Scoping Plan of late 2022 is the official state plan for achieving the CA 2030 mandate and itshows that CA (Note: Carlsbad is in CA.) must have no “free” parking, by 2030. Do you have a plan to make that happen, by 2030? I fear you have no strategy to make that happen, by 2030. Please read the CARBScoping Plan and bring Carlsbad into compliance with the law. I speak here of the law, as it has been shownby the AG Harris work that commenced with her letter to SANDAG in 2011. (I can show you that letter.) A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 458 of 637 1,200,000 981,000 1,000,000 800,000 u 0 1,,1 600,000 ... 2: 400,000 200,000 -Business-as-usual • • • -Legislatively adj usted busi ness -as-usua I 993,000 1,024,000 239000 147,000 - Greenhouse gas reduction targets detail here is that failure to conform to the CA Plan to achieve the CA 2030 mandate would make the CEQAsignificance threshold be exceeded in the CAP’s EIR. AG Harris stated that the CA climate mandates are about climate stabilization and that climate stabilization is the objective of CEQA. At the November 7th meeting, your City Attorney sounded very unworried about the legal issues surrounding the significance threshold of a non-conforming CAP Update. Physics will not be kind to us if we ignore the concept of asignificance threshold and of climate destabilization. Climate destabilization is an environmental impact thatis extremely negative and unacceptable, since it will almost certainly leave only microbiology forms of life on our planet. On page 5 the report shows 22 proposed measures, without any detail whatsoever. Here they are (emphasis added): The measures are: • Wastewater system improvements • Water system improvements • Renewable energy at municipal facilities • Community choice energy • Nonresidential building energy efficiency and renewable energy • Residential building energy efficiency and renewable energy • Building energy benchmarking • Decarbonize existing buildings • Solid waste and organic waste diversion • Traffic calming and optimization • Transportation demand management ordinance • Safe Routes to School • Bikeway system improvements • Pedestrian system improvements • Local transportation improvements • Municipal transportation demand management program • Increase public zero emission infrastructure • Zero emission city fleet • Parking management strategies The final measure, “Parking Management Strategies” conforms to the CARB Scoping Plan, which clearlyindicates that we can have no “free” parking by 2030. The listed measure is not a commitment. The problem is also that it is very late to not have the specific measure, and to have the strategy to implement the specificmeasure fully described. How would this be accomplished? I have been describing this measure for over 10years and one of the recipients of my work has been Carlsbad. I have been ignored. However, I can’t give up. I have 5 grandchildren. I could show you the papers I have written on the car parking system that is needed. However, I will paste in words from another email, that shows many of the car parking features that are needed and some ideasabout how this could be implemented: Here’s how the Scoping Plan gets the large (25%) needed driving reduction: 1. Double transit service, with respect to 2019 levels, by 2030, 2. A RUC, fully implemented by 2030, 3. Priced Parking, fully implemented by 2030. “Priced Parking” needs refinement, if we want to be politically astute, with an attention to details. And we have no time for generalities. It is time for details. To steer developers to compliance, we should proceed in this way, after asserting the Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 459 of 637 legal requirement: 1. We should recommend managed parking and point out that so-called “free parking” is not free, because such a scheme lowers wages, increases rent, and increases the cost of many items, including food. And that instead of “free parking” we need managed parking, with these features: 2. Parking should be managed so that it earns money for those for whom the parking is built or for those who are losing money because the parking is being provided. Opening an account, for easy deposit, would be encouraged. Employees would get an “add-in” payment, if that is needed, so they break even. The data needed to compute earnings would also be collected automatically. For example, employees might be required to carry a FOB, when the go to work. If a train system has car parking, it would be helpful to have all riders carry a FOB, which would also make it easy to automatically charge the fare, beside pay the car parking earnings. 3. All parking is shared. That means that it is available to everyone with a license plate, so they can be billed. Opening an account that associates the license plate with an account would be encouraged, for the easy flow of money. 4. Parking is value priced, with the exception being on-street, when the occupancy is lower than an agreed-upon threshold, like, for example, 50%. When occupancy is below the threshold, the parking could be free. 5. Parking pricing includes congestion pricing to keep the occupancy rate from exceeding an agreed-upon value. 6. Parking is fully automated, so there is no more to do than for so-called “free” parking. 7. Data collection to support the earnings calculations is also fully automated, such as being at a work site. 8. The entire system is provided (designed, installed, and operated) by a vendor, selected in an RFP (Request for Proposal) process. 9. The best place to have the first system is at a place of employment, noting that a municipal government is an employer, and that the system should not cost the employer any money. (ACE Parking, for example, is willing to do the system at no cost. They would take small percentage of the revenue, leaving earnings, for those for whom the parking is built.) 10. The vendor would be skilled a monetizing unused parking and monetizing data. 11. Privacy would be protected, as it should likewise be specified for a Road Use Charge. 12. The vendor would be skilled at providing solar canopies, providing charging stations, and buying and selling electricity. I have explained this system to the CEO of ACE Parking. He wants to supply the solution. He will submit a proposal. That is documented in a file I have, available upon request. I have presented this at many technical conferences, so it is peer reviewed. The next Conference is here: . https://web.cvent.com/event/413d9419-4773-496c-8591- Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 460 of 637 8879904f60bc/websitePage:ce1aee6f-c63f-4a65-a485-f1627b3da134 I may change the name to “Managed Parking”, a name I got from Toll Brothers. Toll Brothers has not ruled out “Managing” (as they say) the parking at the Oceanside Transit Center. What this does not show is the various algorithms that compute the earnings. One important fact about thealgorithms is that they do not use whether the owner drove. Therefore, it can be shown that drivers are not being treated worse than non-drivers. The email message below was written in response to my reading theUT’s description of the meeting. Closing Comments I think we should meet to go over this material. I would be happy to help in any way. Carlsbad has an opportunity to be a climate leader. I could send you the Scoping Plan and its Appendix E. I could send you my reports and the files I use topresent the reports. We could also meet so that you can give me your concerns with this message. Highest regards, Mike Bullock 1800 Bayberry DriveOceanside, CA 92054 760 421 9482 California Democratic Party Delegate, 76th Assembly District (author of 2 adopted resolutions and 5 Platform changes)Former Elected (now Associate) Member of the San Diego County Democratic Party Central Committee (author of 5 adopted resolutions) Final title before leaving Aerospace: Senior Staff Systems Engineer Air and Waste Management Association published and presented papers:Author, The Development of California Light-Duty Vehicle (LDV) Requirements to Support Climate Stabilization: Fleet-Emission Rates & Per-Capita Driving Author, A Climate-Killing Regional Transportation Plan Winds Up in Court: Background and RemediesCo-author, A Plan to Efficiently and Conveniently Unbundle Car Parking Cost Quotes from the Secretary General of the UN: 5. We have a Code Red Climate Emergency. 6. We are solidly on a path to an unlivable planet. 7. We are driving towards Climate Hell with our foot on the accelerator. 8. We are dangerously close to the point of no return. From: mike_bullock@earthlink.net <mike_bullock@earthlink.net> Sent: Friday, November 10, 2023 7:10 PM To: 'Hope Nelson' <hopefromthehood@gmail.com>; 'Teresa Acosta'; 'Bill Fowler' <wwfowler@gmail.com>; 'Pete Penseyres' <cyclovet11@yahoo.com> Cc: 'Michele Cyr' <michele.cyr@sbcglobal.net>; 'Tom Lichterman' <tlichterman@cox.net> Subject: Carlsbad working to update climate plan Reality: This year 'virtually certain' to be warmest in 125,000 years, EU scientists say There does not seem to be enough concern in Carlsbad. What about our younger residents? Our children are at high risk. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 461 of 637 Here is the article: Carlsbad working to update Climate Plan City wants to reduce emissions by 85% from 2016 to 2045 (Bullock note: this is not enough, and it obscures the fact that our first climate stabilization requirement is for the year 2030.) By Phil Diehl CARLSBAD Zero-emission city vehicles, improved bicycle and pedestrian routes, and better transportation management systems [Maybe there is some hope here. I will need to try to find out.] are among measures proposed for Carlsbad’s updated climate action plan. Carlsbad’s goal is to reduce its greenhouse gas emissions from 2016 levels by 50 percent in 2035 [Bullock note: 2035 is the wrong date. (The 50% is about right, for 2030.) 2030 is correctand has been for over 10 years. CA’s SB 32 Climate Mandate for the year is 2030. How toachieve that is in the CARB Scoping Plan. That Plan is the official CA Plan. Carlsbad may think it can ignore the CA climate mandates. However, AG Harris established otherwise, starting thateffort back in 2011. Carlsbad thinks CA doesn’t matter. Or else they are out of touch with CAand with Climate Science.] and 85 percent in 2045, said Senior Program Manager Katie Hentrich in a presentation Tuesday to the City Council. “Several of the proposed measures will take many years to design and implement [I could give them the car parking strategy and plan right now. The CARB ScopingPlan makes it clear that “free parking” does not comply with the official CA Plan. Do theyknow? Besides getting rid of bad car parking systems, we need a RUC, which is not Carlsbad’s responsibility, although they vote against it at SANDAG, AND we must double transit servicewith respect to 2019, by 2030, which is also not Carlsbad’s responsibility. However, increasedtransit service will not be cost effective if parking is not fixed. The bottom line in both Carlsbad and Oceanside is that Democrats seem to be failing humanity. ] ,” Hentrich said, though many of the suggestions are expansions or continuations of programs the city already has underway. Bicycle and pedestrian routes, for example have been expanded in recent years. Carlsbad’s climate action plan is 8 years old, “and in the world of climate change that is pretty outdated,” she said. Evidence is mounting rapidly to show the dramatic effects of humanactivities on the warming planet. About a dozen speakers addressed the City Council on the issue; most of them supported the update. The final version is expected to go to the council for approval in mid-2024. “There is a climate emergency,” said resident Vanessa Forsythe, who encouraged the city to act quickly and equitably. Measures need to be fair to people of all incomes, races and classes, said Forsythe and other speakers. Not everyone was in support. One resident, Mike Borrello, said, “There is no climate emergency,” adding that the city can’t afford the measures, and that it’s “all nonsense.” State goals for greenhouse gas reduction are another example of Sacramento’s overreach,said Borrello, who has spoken before on other issues such as affordable housing mandates. “I’m a taxpayer, and I won’t consent to this stuff,” Borrello said. Most other residents and City Council members praised Hentrich and the city staff for their work on the issue. Some urged the city to do more. “Please also consider an anti-idling measure,” said resident Paige DeCino. Idling vehicles are a significant and easily targeted source of greenhouse gas emissions. She also encouraged the city to speed up its transition to electric police cars. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 462 of 637 Others asked the city to stop the use of gasoline-powered leaf blowers, prohibit synthetic turfon athletic fields and cease the use of leaded aviation fuel at McClellan-Palomar Airport, though some of the suggestions were outside the city’s authority. The airport, for example, is owned by San Diego County and overseen by the Federal Aviation Administration. Councilmembers Carolyn Luna and Melanie Burkholder asked about the costs of the measures, which are not detailed in the proposal presented Tuesday. Hentrich said a cost analysis is being prepared. “That’s a concern,” Luna said. “Carlsbad is balancing so many things. I’m looking forward to the fiscal analysis, that’s what I’m going to focus on.” The timing of the measures’ implementation was another issue raised by the council, and Hentrich said annual progress reports will be presented. Mayor Keith Blackburn said he’s been a slow convert to the importance of climate issues, but that whenever he talks to high school students it’s one of the first things they bring up. “I ask only that everything be balanced,” Blackburn said. “Get it done affordably and balancedwith the city’s other priorities.” He also praised Hentrich’s work and said she’s been called the city’s “environmental Clark Kent,” a reference to the comic book hero Superman’s alter ego. philip.diehl@sduniontribune.com Not very encouraging. The year 2035 is incorrect. The correct year is 2030. The later year (2045) is dangerous because it takes away attention that should be devoted, 100%, to the 2030 CA Mandate. Here is the article: http://enewspaper.sandiegouniontribune.com/infinity/article_share.aspx?guid=c5b45992-6ddf-4391-aebe- 56922e33e9c2 The speakers from the public that understand we have a crisis are off the mark in that they don’t seem to know that there is a CA Mandate and a CA Plan. There is one denier. Maybe its better than I suspect, just reading the article. Mike CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content issafe. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 463 of 637 From:Paige DeCino To:Keith Blackburn; Melanie Burkholder; Carolyn Luna; Priya Bhat-Patel; Teresa Acosta Cc:Katie Hentrich Subject:Followup to Nov. 7 council meeting Date:Thursday, November 9, 2023 2:44:38 PM Mayor and Council Members, During the Q&A session after Katie Hentrich's presentation on Nov. 7, there were some issues brought up that we'd like to respond to. While businesses haven't been contacted about electrification, it is possible to phase it in by stipulating the purchase of new electric appliances at the end-of-life for existing (or with remodels) appliances so as to not mandate the replacement offunctioning units. This lessens the financial impact to the business owner. To be most effective it needs to be enacted soon so the owners can plan accordingly. Along similar lines, as Encinitas did for leaf blowers, give the landscapers plenty of lead time (say 2 years) so they can begin replacing gas leaf blowers at their end of life. In regards to rooftop solar for businesses, CEA is partnering with Participate.Energy to install solar plus battery without any credit approval called Solar Plus. Tesla panels and battery will be installed, owned and maintained by Tesla for 25 years at no costto the business (or homeowner) and the customer will get a discounted, flat kwh rate from CEA. The result is lower rates to the customer and lower GHG emissions to the city with no cost to the city. Over 25 years, the projected savings is $12,000-$26,000 to each customer. CEA is also implementing a pilot feed-in-tariff program (community solar) to incentivize local, small scale renewable energy projects. These projects will increase local electricity without the need for major grid additions or upgrades. As suggested by some, it is imperative that intermediate benchmarks/timelines be included in the CAP to monitor progress to avoid missing any targets at the last minute. Also, start times for implementation need to be included alongside with the benchmarks. As mentioned during the meeting, changing behaviors is improved. Better community outreach on Carlsbad's website would help. On the home page add an Environmental Sustainability bubble to directly link to that existing webpage and on that webpage create a CAP dashboard with information residents and businesses can learn about how to move to a cleaner energy future. Thank you for your consideration. Best regards, Paige DeCino/Mike McMahon/Mary Hassing/Barbara Diamond/Lynda Daniels Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 464 of 637 • • • • • • Paige CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 465 of 637 From:Augustin Dao To:Katie Hentrich Subject:Re: Provide input on the Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update Date:Wednesday, November 8, 2023 11:40:22 AM Hi, I wanted to congratulate our Climate Clark Kent on a job well done last night! I’ve already submitted my survey, and I’m so happy to see that equity is plastered all over the plan. Not only do we need to help those disproportionately advantaged and who need the extrahelp to transition to a sustainable future because they’ve been discounted so often in the past, but hopefully we was compensate for our disproportionate contributions to warming as anaffluent community as well. I also wanted to let you know after that public comment about K-12 education from MIT or the UC’s that MiraCosta has an Introduction to Climate Change course (PHSN 108) that isbased upon the curriculum created by the UC’s. I don’t know if you want to promote that or just have it as a resource if anyone wants to learn more, but the course is free to take for allhigh school students who are dual enrolled, as are all of the other classes (including GEOG 108: Environmental Sustainability and Society), and the Promise Grant provides Californiaresidents with 2 free years of college as well. Best, Augustin Dao On Wed, Nov 8, 2023 at 8:21 AM Katie Hentrich <Katie.Hentrich@carlsbadca.gov> wrote: Good morning, I wanted to send a reminder about providing input on actions proposed for the city’s Climate Action Plan Update. If you are interested in providing input, you can learn more about theproposed actions here (English / español) and provide your input through this survey (English / español). Please note that the survey will be open through Friday, November17. I’d like to also offer my time to go over any questions or comments you may have. If you’dlike to meet or have a larger group you would like me to share this information with, pleaselet me know and we can set something up. If you have already completed the survey and/or scheduled a meeting with me, please ignorethis message and thank you very much for your time. Please do not hesitate to reach out if there are any questions. Do you need an interpreter orany other assistance in order to participate? Please call me at 442-339-2623. ¿Necesitasun intérprete o cualquier otra asistencia para participar? Comunícate al 442-339-2623. Thank you very much for your consideration and participation, Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 466 of 637 Katie Hentrich she | her | hers Climate Action Plan Administrator Environmental Sustainability City of Carlsbad 1635 Faraday Ave. Carlsbad, CA 92008 www.carlsbadca.gov 442-339-2623 | katie.hentrich@carlsbadca.gov CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 467 of 637 . Cityof Carlsbad Appendix E Implementation Cost Analysis Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 468 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis May 2024 Energy Policy Initiatives Center Climate Action Plan Update Implementation Cost Analysis A Preliminary Estimate of the Budget Impact and Level of Effort to Implement Proposed CAP Update Activities in the First Five Years May 2024 Prepared for the City of Carlsbad Prepared by the Energy Policy Initiatives Center University of San Diego, 5998 Alcalá Park, San Diego, CA 92110 ◆ www.sandiego.edu/epic Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 469 of 637 ( City of Carlsbad ~EPIC ENERGY POLICY INITIATIVES CENTER UNIVERSITY OF SAN DIEGO SCHOOL OF LAW City of Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis May 2024 © 2024 University of San Diego. All rights reserved. Disclaimer The Energy Policy Initiatives Center prepared this report for the City of Carlsbad. This report represents Energy Policy Initiatives Center’s professional judgment based on the data and information available at the time Energy Policy Initiatives Center prepared this report. Energy Policy Initiatives Center relies on data and information from third parties who provide it with no guarantees such as of completeness, accuracy or timeliness. Energy Policy Initiatives Center makes no representations or warranties, whether expressed or implied, and assumes no legal liability for the use of the information in this report; nor does any party represent that the uses of this information will not infringe upon privately owned rights. Readers of the report are advised that Energy Policy Initiatives Center may periodically update this report or data, information, findings, and opinions and that they assume all liabilities incurred by them, or third parties, as a result of their reliance on the report, data, information, findings and opinions contained in the report. About EPIC The Energy Policy Initiatives Center is a non-profit research center of the USD School of Law that studies energy policy issues affecting California and the San Diego region. Energy Policy Initiatives Center’s mission is to increase awareness and understanding of energy- and climate-related policy issues by conducting research and analysis to inform decision makers and educating law students. For more information, please visit the Energy Policy Initiatives Center website at www.sandiego.edu/epic. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 470 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis May 2024 Table of Contents 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................................ 1 1.1 ORGANIZATION OF REPORT ................................................................................................................................. 1 1.2 KEY FINDINGS .................................................................................................................................................. 1 2 CAP UPDATE IMPLEMENTATION COST ANALYSIS OVERVIEW ....................................................................... 3 2.1 PROCESS TO ESTIMATE CAP UPDATE IMPLEMENTATION COSTS ................................................................................. 3 2.2 CAP IMPLEMENTATION COSTS EVALUATED ............................................................................................................ 4 3 RESULTS – CAP UPDATE IMPLEMENTATION COSTS ....................................................................................... 6 3.1 TOTAL CAP UPDATE IMPLEMENTATION COSTS ....................................................................................................... 6 3.2 COSTS BY MEASURE FOR NEW AND EXPANDED PROGRAMS ...................................................................................... 7 3.3 COSTS BY DEPARTMENT FOR NEW AND EXPANDED PROGRAMS ................................................................................. 8 3.4 COST BY EXPENDITURE CATEGORY FOR NEW AND EXPANDED PROGRAMS .................................................................... 9 4 RESULTS – LEVEL OF EFFORT ....................................................................................................................... 11 4.1 OVERALL LEVEL OF EFFORT ............................................................................................................................... 11 4.2 LEVEL OF EFFORT BY DEPARTMENT FOR NEW AND EXPANDED PROGRAMS ................................................................. 12 4.3 LEVEL OF EFFORT BY MEASURE FOR NEW AND EXPANDED PROGRAMS ...................................................................... 12 5 LIMITATIONS .............................................................................................................................................. 14 5.1 PRELIMINARY ESTIMATE ................................................................................................................................... 14 5.2 CAP TIME HORIZON ........................................................................................................................................ 14 5.3 COST SAVINGS NOT CONSIDERED ....................................................................................................................... 14 5.4 GHG EMISSIONS ............................................................................................................................................ 14 5.5 OVERLAP BETWEEN EXISTING AND EXPANDED PROGRAMS ...................................................................................... 14 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 471 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis May 2024 1 1 INTRODUCTION This report summarizes the findings of the City of Carlsbad (Carlsbad) Climate Action Plan (CAP) Update Implementation Cost Analysis conducted by the Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC) at the University of San Diego. The analysis estimates costs and level of effort to implement the activities needed to achieve the greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets included in the CAP Update. The two goals of this analysis are to estimate (1) the total cost to Carlsbad and level of effort to implement CAP Update measures over the first five fiscal years of CAP Update implementation (FY 2024–25 to FY 2028–29), (2) the cost and level of effort associated with activities that would not have occurred without adoption of the CAP Update. While the analysis for this report evaluated costs for the first five fiscal years, CAP Update measures could have associated costs beyond this time frame. Cost and level of effort estimates in this report represent those anticipated to be incurred by Carlsbad to implement quantified CAP Update measures, including costs to develop and execute projects and programs, develop and adopt ordinances, and conduct education and outreach activities. Costs associated with CAP Update coordination and reporting, including costs to assess the performance of CAP Update measures annually, complete regular GHG inventory updates, coordinate implementation and performance- tracking activities among departments, and prepare comprehensive updates to the CAP are also included here. Cost results for capital projects shown here do not include any energy bill savings that might result over time from installing solar photovoltaics or installing energy-efficient equipment at city facilities. Also, costs and benefits borne by Carlsbad residents and businesses are not considered in this report. 1.1 Organization of Report The overall process used to estimate implementation costs is presented in Section 2. Section 3 summarizes the results of the CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis. Section 4 summarizes the level of effort from implementing CAP Update measures. Section 5 briefly discusses the limitations of the analysis. 1.2 Key Findings Key findings of the CAP Implementation Cost Analysis are presented below. New and Expanded Program Costs would be $5.1 Million in the First Five Years Based on data provided by Carlsbad staff, the total estimated cost to implement CAP Update measures over the first five years would be $71.6 million (Figure 1). Most of these costs, about $66 million (93%), are associated with existing programs that would have happened regardless of CAP Update adoption. The remaining $5.1 million (7%) would be the cost for new and expanded programs that would happen because of the CAP Update. About $4.1 million (80%) of the new and expanded program costs are currently unfunded. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 472 of 637 -- City of Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis May 2024 2 Figure 1 Total CAP Update Implementation Costs Summary Diagram (Year 1-5) Three CAP Update Measures Account for Nearly Three-Quarters of New and Expanded Program Costs E-1 (Renewable Energy at Municipal Facilities) would cost $2.4 million to implement over five years (47% of total new and expanded costs). WD-1 (Solid Organic Waste Diversion) would cost $817,000 (16%). T-6 (Local Transportation Improvements) would cost $536,000 (10%) to implement. Three Departments Account for about 80% of New and Expanded Program Costs The Fleet and Facilities Department would have the highest costs over the five-year period with about $2.5 million (49% of new and expanded costs), primarily for Action E-3.1 (Eliminate Natural Gas Use from City Facilities) and T-9 (Zero Emission City Fleet); the Environmental Sustainability Department would have costs of about $817,000, primarily for CAP Coordination and Reporting and E-5 (Building Energy Benchmarking); and the Transportation Department would have costs of $620,000, primarily for T-6 (Local Transportation Improvements). A Relatively Small Level of Effort would be Required by Most Staff The level of effort across 10 departments to implement new and expanded activities associated with 25 CAP Update measures and over 100 related implementation and supporting actions would be between 4,825 and 6,733 hours annually during the first five years. The level of effort required for new and expanded activities in the first five years would be distributed across 41 positions in 10 departments implementing 25 measures. On average, 81% of staff would have a level of effort less than about 208 hours per year, 17% of positions would have a level of effort between 208 and 624 hours per year, and about 2% of staff would see a level of effort more than 624 hours per year. Given the estimated level of effort presented here, accommodating new CAP Update-related activities could include reassignment and reprioritization of responsibilities. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 473 of 637 Program Type Funding Status I ting rams Exis Prog $66,4 93 79,000 % Total Estimated CAP Implementation Cost Year 1 -Year 5 $71,600,000 ($78,760,000 with 10% contingency) I (" - -- - ----- ------------ New and Expanded Programs $5,121,000 7% I I I Funded Unfunded $1,044,000 $4,077,000 20% 80% L ---------------------- City of Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis May 2024 3 2 CAP UPDATE IMPLEMENTATION COST ANALYSIS OVERVIEW This report estimates staffing costs anticipated during the first five fiscal years of CAP Update implementation—FY 2024-25 to FY 2028-29. The costs and level of effort presented are estimates based on input and discussions with Carlsbad staff that would participate in anticipated implementation tasks included in the draft CAP Update. To account for changes in CAP Update implementation activities, cost and level of effort, the estimates included here can be updated in the future in concert with regular CAP Update monitoring efforts. This would provide sufficient time to better understand how implementation activities may occur and allow for synchronization with the Carlsbad budget process. The following sections summarize the process used to estimate CAP Update implementation costs and the overall framework used to identify and evaluate costs. 2.1 Process to Estimate CAP Update Implementation Costs The general steps in the process to estimate CAP Update implementation costs were to: (1) determine the actions required to implement CAP Update activities; (2) define workload associated with these tasks; and (3) estimate staffing levels and associated costs. 2.1.1 Identify Implementation Actions The Carlsbad CAP Update includes implementation actions that represent the expected workload to implement CAP Update activities. The CAP Update comprises of measures that include specific programs, policy actions and associated actions that will be implemented to reduce GHG emissions. Figure 2 illustrates the relationship between the CAP Update measures and implementation actions. The CAP Update includes 25 measures and over 100 implementation and supporting actions. Only measures with quantified GHG reductions are included here. This analysis also considers CAP coordination and reporting as its own measure with related actions. Figure 2 Structure of CAP Update Strategies, Measures, and Actions Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 474 of 637 MEASURE IMPLEMENTATION ACTION ,-----1 E-1.a rcentage of Action Increase pe renewable purchased fo facilities an safety lighti electricity r existing city d street and ng to 100%. Energy Measure E-1 Renewable Electricity at Municipal Facilities Action E-1.b Have 100% renewable electricity be the default for new city facilities and street and safety lighting. I Action E-1.c Eliminate natu ral gas use at where feasible. city facilities, City of Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis May 2024 4 2.1.2 Establish Preliminary Cost Estimates Once the implementation and supporting actions were developed, Carlsbad staff estimated staffing effort (in hours) and non-staffing costs like capital, professional services (e.g., consultants), and others that would be required to implement CAP Update activities. To facilitate and standardize the collection of implementation cost data provided by Carlsbad staff across several departments, EPIC created a data collection template. Carlsbad staff conducted meetings with staff to further discuss cost estimates and cost data collection. The cost and level of effort estimates presented here reflect the staffing costs to implement the activities in the CAP Update as of May 2024. They are based on assumptions of the work effort needed to implement the CAP Update implementation and supporting actions. If the CAP Update measures change over time, implementation costs could be different from those reported here and would need to be adjusted. 2.1.3 Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA/QC) Quality control and data validation occurred at several stages. Primary validation occurred after total estimated costs and level of effort were collected. EPIC and Carlsbad staff performed an internal quality control check, updated key Carlsbad staff, and reviewed costs with staff. Based on this initial review, some cost components were updated to create consistency across all departments and to create a complete data set. Carlsbad staff also conducted a detailed consistency check to ensure internal cost reporting consistency. EPIC conducted a final review of all costs prior to inclusion in this report. 2.2 CAP Implementation Costs Evaluated In general, two broad types of costs, including level of effort, can be considered in CAP Update implementation cost estimates: those incurred to implement programs and activities related to CAP Update measures (e.g., education and outreach, policy development, conducting retrofits on city facilities), and those related to overall CAP Update coordination and reporting (including updating the GHG emissions inventory, monitoring and reporting on progress, and updating the CAP document). Data on activities to implement CAP Update measures are needed to monitor and report CAP Update progress. Also, coordination among departments can identify effective methods to implement CAP Update measures. 2.2.1 Framework for Evaluating CAP Update Costs The overall goal of the CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis is to develop a preliminary estimate of the total cost and level of effort (measured in hours) to implement quantified GHG reduction measures over the first five fiscal years. Carlsbad also wanted to evaluate costs based on Program Status (e.g., existing versus new and expanded programs) to determine the estimated costs associated with new and expanded programs that would not have occurred without the CAP Update, and evaluate costs based on funding status (e.g., funded versus unfunded) to determine which activities require additional financial resources to implement and potential funding sources for those activities. Figure 3 illustrates this cost analysis framework. Total implementation costs comprise salary and benefits, capital, professional services, and other costs like supplies and materials. Activities that directly implement CAP Update measures can be divided into existing and new and expanded Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 475 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis May 2024 5 programs. For purposes of this analysis, existing programs are those that are already being implemented, or are already planned, and would have occurred without CAP Update adoption. New and expanded programs are those that currently do not exist or the expanded portion of existing programs that would not have occurred without CAP Update adoption. Based on the analysis conducted for this report, all existing programs have identified funding sources (i.e., funded) but new and expanded programs can be funded or unfunded. Costs associated with new and expanded activities represent the costs to implement CAP Update measures. Figure 3 Framework for Evaluating CAP Update Implementation Costs Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 476 of 637 Expenditure Type Program Type Funding Status Salary and Benefits Total CAP Implementation Cost Capital Projects Professional Services Funded Other Unfunded I L----------------------J City of Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis May 2024 6 3 RESULTS – CAP UPDATE IMPLEMENTATION COSTS This section presents the results of the Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis and answers the question: What are the costs to Carlsbad to implement the CAP Update activities over the first five fiscal years? It presents an overall summary of results for the first five fiscal years and summarizes both total and new and expanded cost results by expenditure category, Carlsbad CAP Update measure, department, and staff position. 3.1 Total CAP Update Implementation Costs Based on data provided by Carlsbad staff, the total estimated cost to implement quantified CAP Update measures over the first five-year fiscal year or FY period (FY 2024-25 to FY 2028–29) is $71.6 million (Figure 4). With a 10% contingency, the total cost would be $78.8 million. Most of these costs, about $66 million (93%), are associated with existing programs that are ongoing or currently planned. New and expanded programs, which represent costs that would not have occurred without CAP Update adoption, account for $5.1 million (7%). Of this subset of costs, about 80% of new and expanded program costs ($4.1 million), are currently unfunded. Figure 4 Total CAP Update Implementation Costs Summary Diagram (Year 1-5) The annual costs to implement CAP Update activities fluctuate over the first five-year period, ranging from $26 million in year one to $7 million in year five (Figure 5). The higher costs in the first two years are associated with significant existing project costs, including CAP Update measure W-2 Water System Improvements, W-1 Wastewater System Improvements, and E-1 Renewable Energy at Municipal Facilities. Of the total annual costs, about $820,000 to $1.2 million are associated with new and expanded programs (orange bar), the costs due to CAP Update implementation. Of this subset, the unfunded portion ranges from about $628,000 (76% of annual costs) to $1 million (82% of annual costs). Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 477 of 637 Program Type Funding Status ,----I ting rams Exis Prog $66,4 93 79,000 % Total Estimated CAP Implementation Cost Year 1 -Year 5 $71 ,600,000 ($78,760,000 with 10% contingency) I r ---------------------"'I New and Expanded Programs $5,121,000 7% I I I Funded Unfunded $1,044,000 $4,077,000 20% 80% L ---------------------- City of Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis May 2024 7 Figure 5 Annual CAP Update Implementation Costs by Program Status 3.2 Costs by Measure for New and Expanded Programs This section summarizes the estimated costs to implement new and expanded CAP activities associated with each quantified GHG reduction measure included in the July 2024 CAP. As noted in Section 2 above, the CAP Update has six main strategies, which comprise 25 measures, 41 implementation actions, and 73 supporting efforts. A measure focused on coordination and reporting on the CAP (CCR1) is not included as a measure in the CAP Update but is included in the results presented here. Table 1 (below) shows annual implementation costs for CAP Update measures. Note that the colors in the table show the range of costs. Higher costs are in darker blue, lower costs are in lighter blue. Most tables presented in this report use this “heat map” approach to help easily identify cost ranges. Three measures account for nearly three-quarters of estimated new and expanded CAP Update implementation costs (Table 1). E-1 (Renewable Energy at Municipal Facilities) would cost $2.4 million to implement over five years (47% of total new and expanded costs). WD-1 (Solid and Organic Waste Diversion) would cost $817,000 (16%). T-6 Local Transportation Improvements would cost $536,000 (10%) to implement. The cost results reported here represent upfront costs and do not consider any potential cost savings that might result from those measures. For example, ongoing utility cost reductions could result from adding photovoltaic projects to municipal facilities. Those cost reductions are not included here. $25,775,000 $20,514,000 $10,920,000 $7,173,000 $7,218,000 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 New/Expanded $820,000 $864,000 $1,036,000 $1,236,000 $1,165,000 Existing $24,954,000 $19,651,000 $9,884,000 $5,937,000 $6,053,000 Total $25,775,000 $20,514,000 $10,920,000 $7,173,000 $7,218,000 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 478 of 637 ■ ■ City of Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis May 2024 8 Table 1 Annual New and Expanded CAP Update Implementation Costs by Measure 3.3 Costs by Department for New and Expanded Programs Three departments account for 80% of new and expanded CAP Update implementation costs. The Fleet and Facilities Department would have the highest costs over the five-year period with about $2.5 million, about 49% of these costs (Table 2). These costs would range from $446,000 to $536,000 per year over the first five-year period, with costs generally rising over that time. These costs are primarily for E-1.3 (Eliminate Natural Gas Use from City Facilities) and T-9 (Zero Emission City Fleet). The Environmental Sustainability Department would have costs of about $970,000, primarily for CAP Coordination and Reporting and E-5 (Building Energy Benchmarking). The Transportation Department would have costs of $620,000, primarily for T-6 (Local Transportation Improvements). Measure Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Total % of Total E-1 Renewable Energy at Municipal Facilities 426,000$ 469,000$ 481,000$ 505,000$ 515,000$ $2,396,000 47% WD-1 Solid and Organic Waste Diversion 109,000$ 118,000$ 141,000$ 183,000$ 266,000$ $817,000 16% T-6 Local Transportation Improvements 97,000$ 102,000$ 107,000$ 112,000$ 118,000$ $536,000 10% CAP Coordination and Reporting 4,000$ 5,000$ 5,000$ 228,000$ 30,000$ $272,000 5% E-5 Building Energy Benchmarking -$ -$ 133,000$ 19,000$ 17,000$ $170,000 3% T-8 Increase Public Zero Emission Infrastructure 27,000$ 28,000$ 28,000$ 30,000$ 31,000$ $144,000 3% E-3.2 Nonresidential Building Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy - Updated Reach Code 38,000$ 34,000$ 17,000$ 17,000$ 18,000$ $124,000 2% OR-1 Convert Gas-Powered Leaf Blowers 44,000$ 35,000$ 11,000$ 12,000$ 12,000$ $115,000 2% T-9 Zero Emission City Fleet 23,000$ 23,000$ 21,000$ 22,000$ 24,000$ $113,000 2% OR-2 Increase Renewable or Alternative Fuel Construction Equipment -$ -$ 41,000$ 32,000$ 35,000$ $108,000 2% E-6 Decarbonize Existing Buildings 4,000$ 5,000$ 5,000$ 43,000$ 44,000$ $101,000 2% E-4.2 Residential Building Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy - Updated Reach Code 30,000$ 24,000$ 8,000$ 9,000$ 9,000$ $79,000 2% CS-1 Community Forest Management 8,000$ 9,000$ 25,000$ 10,000$ 11,000$ $64,000 1% T-2 Transportation Demand Management Ordinance 6,000$ 9,000$ 8,000$ 8,000$ 31,000$ $62,000 1% E-2 Community Choice Energy 3,000$ 3,000$ 3,000$ 6,000$ 3,000$ $18,000 0.3% E-4.1 Residential Building Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy - Existing Reach Code 1,000$ 1,000$ 1,000$ 1,000$ 1,000$ $5,000 0.1% Total 820,000$ 864,000$ 1,036,000$ 1,236,000$ 1,165,000$ $5,121,000 100% Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 479 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis May 2024 9 Table 2 Annual New and Expanded CAP Update Implementation Costs by Department 3.4 Cost by Expenditure Category for New and Expanded Programs Expenditure categories in this analysis include capital, personnel (salary and benefits), and professional services (e.g., consultants). An inflation factor of 3% was applied to all non-personnel costs in years two through five to account for potential change in costs. • Personnel – This category represents salaries and wages, vacancy savings, retirement benefits, health insurance, and other personnel costs (e.g., workers comp, Medicare) associated with CAP Update implementation. This category would account for about 54% of new and expanded costs over the first five years. Hourly rates used are specific to each department and include an annual increase of 5% over the five-year period. • Maintenance and Operations – This category, which represents about 46% of new and expanded costs, includes all other program expenses (outside of personnel, capital, and transfers). This category sometimes includes one-time appropriations for special projects. • Capital Outlay – The costs for new and expanded programs do not include capital outlay, as this expenditure category primarily relates to existing programs. Total personnel expenditures during the first five years of CAP Update implementation would account for about $439,000 to $729,000 annually (Table 3). Maintenance and Operations expenditures would vary over this period from a low of $382,000 in year one to a high of $640,000 in year four. Table 3 CAP Update Implementation Costs by Expenditure Type for New and Expanded Programs Department Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Total % of Total Fleet & Facilities 446,000$ 488,000$ 500,000$ 518,000$ 536,000$ 2,488,000$ 49% Environmental Sustainability 112,000$ 123,000$ 224,000$ 353,000$ 157,000$ 970,000$ 19% Transportation 112,000$ 118,000$ 124,000$ 130,000$ 136,000$ 620,000$ 12% Community Development 75,000$ 71,000$ 58,000$ 66,000$ 94,000$ 363,000$ 7% Construction Management & Inspection 8,000$ 16,000$ 45,000$ 83,000$ 161,000$ 312,000$ 6% Communication & Engagement 46,000$ 30,000$ 50,000$ 58,000$ 60,000$ 244,000$ 5% Parks & Recreation 8,000$ 9,000$ 25,000$ 10,000$ 10,000$ 63,000$ 1% Intergovernmental Affairs 7,000$ 7,000$ 8,000$ 18,000$ 9,000$ 49,000$ 1% Finance 5,000$ 1,000$ 2,000$ 2,000$ 2,000$ 12,000$ 0.2% Total 820,000$ 864,000$ 1,036,000$ 1,236,000$ 1,165,000$ 5,121,000$ 100% Expenditure Type Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Total % of Total Personnel 439,000$ 486,000$ 509,000$ 596,000$ 729,000$ 2,759,000$ 54% Maintenance & Operations 382,000$ 378,000$ 527,000$ 640,000$ 436,000$ 2,363,000$ 46% Total 820,000$ 864,000$ 1,036,000$ 1,236,000$ 1,165,000$ 5,121,000$ 100% Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 480 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis May 2024 10 3.4.1 Personnel Costs by Department for New and Expanded Programs Table 4 shows annual new and expanded personnel costs by department. Three departments represent about two-thirds of these costs: Environmental Sustainability (23%), Transportation (22%), and Fleet and Facilities (21%). The single highest personnel cost would be in the Construction Management and Inspection Department in Year 5 ($161,000). Table 4 Annual Personnel Costs by Department for New and Expanded Programs Department Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Total % of Total Environmental Sustainability 112,000$ 123,000$ 118,000$ 135,000$ 157,000$ 645,000$ 23% Transportation 112,000$ 118,000$ 124,000$ 130,000$ 136,000$ 620,000$ 22% Fleet & Facilities 86,000$ 117,000$ 118,000$ 124,000$ 131,000$ 577,000$ 21% Community Development 74,000$ 69,000$ 56,000$ 64,000$ 91,000$ 353,000$ 13% Construction Management & Inspection 8,000$ 16,000$ 45,000$ 83,000$ 161,000$ 312,000$ 11% Communication & Engagement 26,000$ 25,000$ 28,000$ 31,000$ 33,000$ 144,000$ 5% Intergovernmental Affairs 7,000$ 7,000$ 8,000$ 18,000$ 9,000$ 49,000$ 2% Parks & Recreation 8,000$ 9,000$ 9,000$ 10,000$ 10,000$ 47,000$ 2% Finance 5,000$ 1,000$ 2,000$ 2,000$ 2,000$ 12,000$ 0.4% Total 439,000$ 486,000$ 509,000$ 596,000$ 729,000$ 2,759,000$ 100% Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 481 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis May 2024 11 4 RESULTS – LEVEL OF EFFORT This section presents the results of the Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis and answers the question: What level of effort is needed to Carlsbad to implement the CAP Update over the first five fiscal years? It presents an overall summary of staffing costs for the first five fiscal years and summarizes results by Carlsbad department, staff position, and CAP Update measure. 4.1 Overall Level of Effort Total estimated level of effort across all departments and staff positions to implement all CAP Update measures and actions would be between 17,331 and 19,722 hours annually during the first five years (Figure 6).1 Like CAP Update implementation costs, most of the required level of effort would be associated with existing programs. The portion of effort associated with new and expanded programs (orange bars) would be between 4,825 and 6,733 hours annually. This does not mean there is a need to hire new positions; the level of effort required for new and expanded activities in the first five years would be distributed across 41 positions in 10 departments implementing 25 measures. On average 81% of staff would have a level of effort less than about 208 hours per year, 17% of positions would have a level of effort between 208 and 624 hours per year, and about 2% of staff would see a level of effort more than 624 hours per year.2 Accommodating new CAP Update-related activities could include reassignment and reprioritization of responsibilities. Figure 6 Annual Level of Effort (Hours)3 1 For reference, 2,080 hours is considered full-time. 2 Percentages do not sum to 100% due to rounding. 3 For reference, 2,080 hours is considered full-time. 19,722 19,209 17,331 17,595 17,774 Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 New/Expanded 4,825 5,126 5,162 5,726 6,733 Existing 14,897 14,083 12,169 11,869 11,041 Total Hours 19,722 19,209 17,331 17,595 17,774 Ho u r s Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 482 of 637 ■ ■ City of Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis May 2024 12 4.2 Level of Effort by Department for New and Expanded Programs This analysis estimated the level of effort for each department that will participate in CAP Update implementation to illustrate how the workload would be distributed across the Carlsbad organizational structure. The Environmental Sustainability Department would have the highest level of effort with between 1,301 to 1,578 hours per year in the first five years of CAP Update implementation (Table 5). The Fleet and Facilities Department would have the next highest level of effort, ranging from 1,020 to 1,312 hours per year. The Transportation Department would have an estimated level of effort of 997 hours annually in the first five years. Table 5 Annual Level of Effort Impact by Department (Hours)4 4.3 Level of Effort by Measure for New and Expanded Programs WD-1 (Solid and Organic Waste Diversion) would require the highest level of effort to implement among new and expanded programs, from 1,324 hours in year one to 2,564 hours in year five. E-1 (Renewable Energy at Municipal Facilities) would require the next highest level of effort, between 798 and 1,118 hours per year over the first five years. T-6 (Local Transportation Improvements) would require 835 hours annually. Table 6 summarizes these results. 4 For reference, 2,080 hours is considered full-time. Department Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Environmental Sustainability 1,349 1,415 1,301 1,409 1,578 Fleet & Facilities 1,020 1,312 1,250 1,250 1,250 Transportation 997 997 997 997 997 Community Development 751 698 588 598 826 Construction Management & Inspection 88 173 465 810 1,500 Communication & Engagement 378 341 371 392 392 Parks & Recreation 104 ---- Intergovernmental Affairs 70 70 70 150 70 Finance 68 16 16 16 16 Total Hours 4,825 5,126 5,162 5,726 6,733 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 483 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis May 2024 13 Table 6 Annual Level of Effort by CAP Update Measure for New and Expanded Programs (Hours)5 5 For reference, 2,080 hours is considered full-time. Measure Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 WD-1 Solid and Organic Waste Diversion 1,324 1,357 1,529 1,874 2,564 E-1 Renewable Energy at Municipal Facilities 798 1,110 1,058 1,118 1,058 T-6 Local Transportation Improvements 835 835 835 835 835 T-8 Increase Public Zero Emission Infrastructure 273 278 262 262 262 E-3.2 Nonresidential Building Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy - Updated Reach Code 416 353 170 170 170 T-9 Zero Emission City Fleet 249 235 212 212 212 OR-1 Convert Gas-Powered Leaf Blowers 269 362 162 162 162 OR-2 Increase Renewable or Alternative Fuel Construction Equipment - ---- E-4.2 Residential Building Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy - Updated Reach Code --100 100 100 E-6 Decarbonize Existing Buildings 59 62 61 263 260 CAP Coordination and Reporting 50 50 50 100 305 CS-1 Community Forest Management 104 104 104 109 109 T-2 Transportation Demand Management Ordinance 52 68 60 58 266 E-5 Building Energy Benchmarking - - 135 123 90 E-2 Community Choice Energy 41 41 41 61 41 E-4.1 Residential Building Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy - Existing Reach Code 11 10 10 10 10 Total Hours 4,825 5,126 5,162 5,726 6,733 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 484 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis May 2024 14 5 LIMITATIONS There are inherent limitations with any data analysis that result in a degree of uncertainty. This implementation cost and level of effort analysis uses the best information, data, and methods available at the time. Nonetheless, the following limitations should be considered. 5.1 Preliminary Estimate The cost and level of effort results presented are preliminary estimates. Because there is limited information about the specific tasks that would be required to implement the CAP measures, the estimates included are based on Carlsbad staff’s assumptions about the work to be performed. Over time, the specific tasks required to implement CAP Update measures will become clearer and considerations for how to coordinate and sequence activities can be made, which may also affect the ultimate cost and staffing required to implement the CAP Update. 5.2 CAP Time Horizon This analysis evaluated Carlsbad’s cost and level of effort for the first five years of CAP Update implementation through FY 2028–29. While the CAP Update has an implementation horizon of up to 2045 this report does not estimate costs between FY 2029-30 and 2045. This could cause misinterpretation of some findings. For example, certain CAP Update measures will be implemented and have costs beyond the scope of this initial cost analysis, but only the cost during the first five fiscal years of CAP Update implementation are captured here. To account for future costs, cost estimates could be updated through the CAP Update monitoring process. 5.3 Cost Savings not Considered This report estimates the costs to Carlsbad to implement the measures included in the CAP Update. It does not consider any potential cost savings that might result from those measures. For example, rooftop solar and energy-efficiency retrofits have an upfront cost but could result in a net savings over the project lifetime. A benefit-cost analysis would be required to estimate the net savings or costs that would accrue to the City of Carlsbad (for municipal projects), and residents, and businesses located within the city. 5.4 GHG Emissions This report does not consider the GHG emissions associated with CAP Update measures. It is common for cost analyses to normalize cost across GHG emission reductions in a CAP; this method would divide costs by GHG emissions to derive a cost per ton of carbon-dioxide equivalent (CO2e) reduced. It is not possible to derive such values from the cost information included in this report because there is no way to correlate the amount of GHG emissions reductions that would occur due to the specific staffing expenditures estimated for this effort. For example, it would not be accurate to divide costs for the first five fiscal years by the total GHG emissions reductions for 2030 because there could be additional costs associated with achieving those reductions. 5.5 Overlap between Existing and Expanded Programs This analysis attempted to separate out existing programs that would have happened regardless of CAP adoption from the expanded portion of existing programs and new programs that are needed to implement actions included in the CAP Update. In some cases, it is possible that previous Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 485 of 637 City of Carlsbad CAP Update Implementation Cost Analysis May 2024 15 existing efforts either were not completed or did not achieve the targets the previous CAP and that costs and staffing needed to achieve the unmet portion of related activity are categorized as an expanded program. While we acknowledge this potential overlap, it may not be possible in all cases to separate out all existing costs from expanded and new costs. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 486 of 637 Appendix F CAP Update Consistency Checklist Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 487 of 637 P-30 Page 1 of 8 Revised October 2024 Development Services Planning Division 1635 Faraday Avenue (442) 339-2610 www.carlsbadca.gov CLIMATE ACTION PLAN UPDATE CONSISTENCY CHECKLIST P-30 PURPOSE In October 2024, the City of Carlsbad adopted a Climate Action Plan (CAP) Update that outlines actions that the city will undertake to achieve its proportional share of state greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions reductions. This checklist contains measures that are required to be implemented on a project-by-project basis to ensure that the specified emissions targets identified in the CAP Update are achieved. Implementation of these measures will ensure that new development is consistent with the CAP Update’s assumption for relevant CAP Update strategies toward achieving the identified greenhouse gas (GHG) reduction targets. In this manner, a project’s incremental contribution to a cumulative GHG emissions effect may be determined not to be cumulatively considerable if it complies with the requirements of the CAP Update, in accordance with CEQA Guidelines Sections 15064(h)(3), 15130(d), and 15183(b). This checklist is intended to assist project applicants in identifying CAP Update ordinance and consistency requirements and demonstrate how their project fulfills those requirements. This checklist is to be completed and included in applications for new development projects that require discretionary review. The specific applicable requirements outlined in the checklist shall be required as conditions of project approval for CAP Update compliant projects with streamlined GHG emissions assessments. This checklist (i.e. Form P-30) is complementary to the checklist provided in Form B-50, which is specific to building permits and required for building permit applications. APPLICATION SUBMITTAL REQUIREMENTS • The completed checklist must be included in the project submittal package or building permit application. Application submittal procedures can be found on the City of Carlsbad website. This checklist is designed to assist the applicant in identifying the minimum CAP Update-related requirements specific to their project. However, it may be necessary to supplement the completed checklist with supporting materials, calculations or certifications, to demonstrate full compliance with CAP Update requirements. For example, projects that propose or require a performance approach to comply with energy-related measures will need to attach to this checklist separate calculations and documentation as specified by the ordinances. • If an item in the checklist is deemed to be not applicable to a project, or is less than the minimum required by ordinance, an explanation must be provided to the satisfaction of the Planning Division or building official. • The requirements in the checklist will be included in the project’s conditions of approval or issuance of building permit. • Details on CAP Update ordinance requirements are available on the city’s website. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 488 of 637 {city of Carlsbad Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update Consistency Checklist P-30 Page 2 of 8 Revised October 2024 STEP 1: LAND USE CONSISTENCY The first step in determining CAP Update consistency for discretionary development is to assess the project’s consistency with the growth projections used in the development of the CAP Update. This section allows the city to determine a project’s consistency with the land use assumptions used in the CAP Update. Projects found not to be consistent with the CAP Update’s land use assumptions will be subject to a project-specific analysis of GHG emissions’ impact on the environment in accordance with the requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). This may result in GHG-reducing mitigation measures applied as a condition of project approval in addition to compliance with the CAP Update ordinance and consistency requirements identified in Step 2 of this checklist. STEP 1 Land Use Consistency Checklist Item (Check the appropriate box and provide an explanation and supporting documentation for your answer) Yes No A. Is the proposed project consistent with the existing General Plan land use and/or Housing Element, and specific/master plan or zoning designations? OR, If the proposed project is not consistent with the existing land use plan and zoning designations, does the project include a land use plan and/or specific plan, master plan or zoning designation amendment that would result in an equivalent or less GHG-intensive project when compared to the existing designations? If “Yes”, proceed to Step 2 of the checklist. For the second option under Question A above, provide estimated project-related GHG emissions under both existing and proposed designation(s) for comparison. GHG emissions must be estimated in accordance with the City of Carlsbad Guidance to Demonstrating Consistency with the Climate Action Plan. If “No”, the project’s GHG impact is potentially significant and must be analyzed in accordance with CEQA. Applicant must prepare a Self-developed GHG emissions reduction program in accordance with the City of Carlsbad Guidance to Demonstrating Consistency with the Climate Action Plan to demonstrate how it would offset the increase in emissions over the existing designations. The project must incorporate each of the applicable measures identified in Step 2 to mitigate cumulative GHG emissions impacts unless the decision maker finds that a measure is infeasible in accordance with California Environmental Quality Act Guidelines Section 15091. Mitigation in lieu of or in addition to the measures in Step 2 may be required, depending on the results of the project-specific GHG impact analysis. Proceed and complete a project-specific Self-developed GHG emissions reduction program and Step 2 of the Checklist. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 489 of 637 I □ □ Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update Consistency Checklist P-30 Page 3 of 8 Revised October 2024 STEP 2: CAP UPDATE ORDINANCE COMPLIANCE REQUIREMENTS Completion of this checklist will document a project’s compliance with CAP Update ordinances, and in turn, demonstrate consistency with the applicable measures and actions of the CAP Update. The compliance requirements in this Step 2 apply to development projects that require a building permit. All other development projects shall implement all emissions-related mitigation measures from the General Plan Update EIR and the Housing Element Update EIR. Application In formation Project No./Name: Property Address/APN: Applicant Name/Co.: Applicant Address: Contact Phone: Contact Email: Contact information of person completing this checklist (if different than above): Name: Contact Phone: Company name/address: Contact Email: Use the table below to determine which sections of the Ordinance Compliance checklist are applicable to your project. If your project includes alterations or additions to an existing building, please contact the Carlsbad Building Division for assistance in estimating building permit valuation, by phone at 760-602-2719 or by email at building@carlsbadca.gov. Estimated Building Permit Valuation (BPV): $ Construction Type Complete Section(s) Notes: Residential ☐ New construction 1C, 2A, 3A, 4A and 6A ☐ Alterations: ☐ BPV < $60,000 N/A All residential alterations ☐ BPV ≥ $60,000 ☐ Electrical service panel upgrade 1A and 4A 4A 1-2 family dwellings and townhouses with attached garages only ☐ BPV ≥ $200,000 1A and 4A 2B Multi-family dwellings only where interior finishes are removed and significant site work and upgrades to structural and mechanical, electrical, and/or plumbing systems are proposed ☐ BPV ≥ $1,000,000 Multi-family dwellings only where ≥$1,000,000 BPV AND affecting ≥75% existing floor area Nonresidential ☐ New construction (pre-January 1, 2026) 1B, 2B, 3B, 4B, 5 and 6A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 490 of 637 I I □ I I ID J Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update Consistency Checklist P-30 Page 4 of 8 Revised October 2024 ☐ New construction (post January 1, 2026) 1B, 1D, 2B, 3B, 4B, 5 and 6A ☐ Alterations: ☐ BPV ≥ $200,000 or additions ≥ 1,000 square feet 1B, 5 ☐ BPV ≥ $1,000,000 1B, 2B and 5 Building alterations of ≥ 75% existing gross floor area ☐ ≥ 2,000 sq. ft. new roof addition 2B and 5 1B also applies if BPV ≥ $200,000 CAP Update Compliance Checklist Item Check the appropriate boxes, explain all not applicable and exception items, and provide supporting calculations and documentation as necessary. 1. Energy Efficiency Please refer to Carlsbad Ordinance No. CS-437 for more information when completing this section. A. Residential addition or alteration ≥ $60,000 building permit valuation. See Ord. CS-437. ☐ N/A ☐ Exception: Home energy score ≥ 7 (attach certification) Year Built Single-family Requirements Multi-family Requirements ☐ Before 1978 Select one: ☐ Duct sealing ☐ Attic insulation ☐ Cool roof ☐ Attic insulation ☐ 1978 and later Select one: ☐ Lighting package ☐ Water heating package ☐ Between 1978 and 1990 Select one: ☐ Attic insulation ☐ Duct Sealing ☐ Cool roof ☐ 1991 and later Select one: ☐ Lighting package ☐ Water heating package B. Nonresidential* new construction or alterations ≥ $200,000 building permit valuation, or additions ≥ 1,000 square feet. See CALGreen Appendix A5, as amended in CS-437. ☐ N/A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 491 of 637 □ □ Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update Consistency Checklist P-30 Page 5 of 8 Revised October 2024 A5.203.1.1.1 ☐ Outdoor lighting: .90 Allowed Outdoor Lighting Power ☐ N/A A5.203.1.1.2 ☐ Restaurant service water heating (comply with California Energy Code Section 140.5, as amended) ☐ N/A A5.203.1.2.1 Choose one as applicable: ☐ .95 Energy budget ☐ .90 Energy budget ☐ N/A A5.211.1.** ☐ On-site renewable energy ☐ N/A A5.211.3** ☐ Green power (if offered by local utility provider, 50% minimum renewable sources) ☐ N/A A5.212.1 ☐ Elevators and escalators ☐ N/A A5.213.1 ☐ Steel framing ☐ N/A * Includes hotels/motels and high-rise residential buildings ** For alterations ≥ $1,000,000 BPV and affecting > 75% existing gross floor area, or alterations that add 2,000 square feet of new roof addition: comply with California Energy Code section 120.10 instead. C. Residential new construction (post January 1, 2026, only) Would the project comply with the updated energy performance- based requirements for new residential buildings in the city’s updated reach code, if adopted and effective? ☐ Yes ☐ No ☐ N/A D. Nonresidential new construction (post January 1, 2026, only) Would the project comply with the updated energy performance-based requirements for new nonresidential buildings in the city’s updated reach code, if adopted and effective? ☐ Yes ☐ No ☐ N/A Check N/A only if the project does not include corresponding building types and/or the updated reach code has not been adopted yet (estimated adoption year 2025). Residential new construction. Refer to Carlsbad Ordinance No. CS-437 for requirements, which amends Section 150.1(c) of the CEC for single-family residential; and Section 170.2(d) of the CEC for multi-family requirements. Note: if project includes installation of an electric heat pump water heater pursuant to Carlsbad ordinance CS-447, increase system size by .3kWdc if PV offset option is selected. Floor Plan ID (use additional sheets if necessary) CFA #d.u. Calculated kWdc* Exception ☐ ☐ ☐ ☐ Total System Size: kWdc kWdc = (CFAx.572) / 1,000 + (1.15 x #d.u.) *Formula calculation where CFA = conditional floor area, #du = number of dwellings per plan type If proposed system size is less than calculated size, please explain. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 492 of 637 □ □ □-:----------------------------------, 2. Phutavaltalc Systems Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update Consistency Checklist P-30 Page 6 of 8 Revised October 2024 A. Nonresidential and hotel/motel new construction; or major alterations to nonresidential, hotel/motels, and multi-family residential ≥$1,000,000 BPV and affecting ≥75% existing floor area, or addition that increases roof area by ≥2,000 square feet. Please refer to Carlsbad Ordinance CS-437 when completing this section.* Choose one of the following methods: ☐ Gross Floor Area (GFA) Method GFA: Min. System Size: kWdc ☐ If < 10,000s.f. Enter: 5 kWdc ☐ If ≥ 10,000s.f. calculate: 15 kWdc x (GFA/10,000) ** **Round building size factor to nearest tenth, and round system size to nearest whole number. ☐ Time- Dependent Valuation Method Annual TDV Energy use:*** x .80= Min. system size: kWdc ***Attach calculation documentation using modeling software approved by the California Energy Commission. * New CEC standards also require battery storage systems meeting the requirements if Reference Joint Appendix JA12 of the CEC. 3. Water Heating A. Residential new construction Please refer to Carlsbad Ordinance CS-437 when completing this section. ☐ For systems serving individual dwelling units and achieving 60% of energy needed from on-site solar or recovered energy, choose one: ☐ Single 240-volt heat pump water heater AND compact hot water distribution AND Drain water heat recovery (low- rise residential only) ☐ Single 240-volt heat pump water heater AND PV system .3 kWdc larger than required. ☐ Heat pump water heater meeting NEEA Advanced Water Heating Specification Tier 3 or higher. ☐ Solar water heating system with electric backup that is either .60 solar savings fraction of 40 s.f. solar collectors. ☐ Gas or propane system with a solar water heating system and recirculation system ☐ Exception: ☐ For systems serving multiple dwelling units and achieving 60% of energy needed from on-site solar or recovered energy, install a central water-heating system with all of the following: ☐ Recirculation system ☐ Solar water heating system that is either: ☐ .20 solar savings fraction ☐ .15 solar savings fraction, plus drain water heat recovery ☐ Exception: B. Nonresidential new construction Please refer to Carlsbad Ordinance CS-437 when completing this section. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 493 of 637 □ □ □ Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update Consistency Checklist P-30 Page 7 of 8 Revised October 2024 ☐ Water heating system derives at least 40% of its energy from one of the following (attach documentation): ☐ Solar-thermal ☐ Photovoltaics ☐ Recovered energy ☐ Water heating system is (choose one): ☐ Heat pump water heater ☐ Electric resistance water heater(s) ☐ Solar water heating system with .40 solar savings fraction ☐ Exception: 4. Electric Vehicle Charging A. Residential - New construction and major alterations* Please refer to Carlsbad Ordinance CS-437 when completing this section. ☐ One and two-family residential dwelling alterations with no electrical panel upgrade (No EV space required) ☐ ADU (no EV space required when no additional parking facilities are added) ☐ One and two-family residential dwelling or townhouse with attached garage: ☐ One EVSE ready parking space required ☐ Exception : ☐ Multi-family residential: ☐ Exception : Total Parking Spaces Proposed for New Construction EVSE Spaces Capable (10% of proposed) Ready (25% of proposed) Installed (5% of proposed) Total Total Proposed or Altered Spaces (Major Alterations)** Capable (10% of proposed) --- --- Total Calculations: Total EVSE spaces = .10 x Total parking (rounded up to nearest whole number) EVSE Installed = Total EVSE Spaces x .50 (rounded up to nearest whole number) EVSE other= Total EVSE spaces – EVSE Installed (EVSE other may be “Capable,” “Ready” or “Installed.”) *Major alterations are: (1) for one and two-family dwellings and townhouses with attached garages, alterations have a building permit valuation ≥ $60,000 or include an electrical service panel upgrade; (2) for multifamily dwellings (three units or more without attached garages), alterations have a building permit valuation ≥ $200,000, interior finishes are removed and significant site work and upgrades to structural and mechanical, electrical, and/or plumbing systems are proposed. **When new parking facilities are added, or electrical systems or lighting to existing parking facilities are added or altered and the work requires a building permit, 10% of the total number of parking spaces or altered shall be EV Capable. This is NOT a CAP Update checklist requirement, but is included to coordinate CEC compliance early in the planning process B. Nonresidential new construction (includes hotels/motels) ☐ Exception : Total Parking Spaces Proposed EVSE Spaces Capable Ready Installed Total Calculation: Refer to the table below: Total Number of Parking Spaces provided Number of required EV Spaces (Capable) Number of required EVSE Installed Spaces ☐ 0-9 1 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 494 of 637 □ □ Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update Consistency Checklist P-30 Page 8 of 8 Revised October 2024 ☐ 10-25 4 1 ☐ 26-50 8 2 ☐ 51-75 13 3 ☐ 76-100 17 5 ☐ 101-150 25 6 ☐ 151-200 35 9 ☐ 201 and over 20 percent of total 25 percent of EV Capable 5. Transportation Demand Management (TDM) A. List each proposed nonresidential use and gross floor area (GFA) allocated to each use. B. Employee ADT/1,000 square feet is selected from the City of Carlsbad Employee ADT Table. Use GFA Employee ADT/1,000 S.F. Total Employee ADT Total If total employee ADT is greater than or equal to 110 employee ADT, a TDM plan is required. *NOTE: Notwithstanding the 110 employee ADT threshold above, General Plan Mobility Element Policy 3-P.11 requires new development that adds vehicle traffic to vehicle LOS-exempt street facilities to implement TDM and transportation system management strategies. Please consult with City of Carlsbad Land Development Engineering (LDE) staff to determine whether this policy applies to your project. TDM plan required: Yes ☐ No ☐ LDE Staff Verification: ☐ (staff initials) 6. Construction Equipment A. All Construction Will the project reduce 50% of emissions from project construction activities through use of electric-powered or alternatively-fueled construction equipment, if requirements are adopted and effective? ☐ Yes ☐ No ☐ N/A Check N/A only if the project does not include any construction activities and/or the alternative-fuel construction equipment ordinance has not been adopted yet (estimated adoption year 2035). A preliminary plan must be submitted to city staff showing anticipated construction equipment use and a quantified roadmap to reduce emissions. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 495 of 637 □ □ Exhibit 5 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 496 of 637 RESOLUTION NO. 2024-249 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA, CERTIFYING ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO THE HOUSING ELEMENT IMPLEMENTATION AND PUBLIC SAFETY ELEMENT UPDATE SUPPLEMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT FOR THE CLIMATE ACTION PLAN UPDATE WHEREAS, on Sept. 22, 2015, the City Council adopted a Climate Action Plan, or CAP, along with the General Plan Update with Resolution No. 2015-244; and WHEREAS, on Sept. 22, 2015, the City Council certified the Final Program Environmental Impact Report for the General Plan Update and CAP, State Clearinghouse Number 2011011004 (EIR 13-02), with Resolution No. 2015-242; and WHEREAS, EIR 13-02 evaluated the potential environmental effects of implementing the greenhouse gas, or GHG, reduction measures contained in the 2015 CAP; and WHEREAS, on Jan. 30, 2024, the City Council certified Supplemental Environmental Impact Report for the 2023 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update, State Clearinghouse Number 2022090339 (EIR 2022-0007) through adoption of Resolution No. 2024-0014; and WHEREAS, EIR 2022-0007 evaluated the potential environmental effects of implementing the GHG reduction measures contained in the CAP Update, or "project"; and WHEREAS, the city has determined that EIR 13-02 and EIR 2022-0007 are of continuing informational value and that the potential environmental impacts of the CAP Update are within the scope of these previously certified documents; and WHEREAS, the city has determined that none of the conditions requiring subsequent or supplemental environmental review under the California Environmental Quality Act, or CEQA, Guidelines section 15162 exist for the CAP Update; and WHEREAS, an addendum to EIR 2022-0007 was prepared and indicated no significant environmental impacts would occur as a result of implementing the CAP Update; and WHEREAS, all materials with regard to the project were made available to the Planning Commission of the City of Carlsbad ("Planning Commission") for its review, consideration, and recommendation to the City Council of the project, including but not limited to: Addendum No. 1 to Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 497 of 637 the Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update Supplemental Environmental Impact Report for the Climate Action Plan Update (Addendum No. 1}; and WHEREAS, the city duly noticed a public hearing of the Planning Commission on Oct. 2, 2024, to consider the project and adopted Planning Commission Resolution No. 7520 recommending certification of Addendum No. 1; and WHEREAS, pursuant to the provisions of the Carlsbad Municipal Code, the City Council did, on Nov. 12, 2024, hold a duly noticed public hearing as prescribed by law to consider the Planning Commission recommendation to certify Addendum No. 1; and WHEREAS, at said public hearing, the City Council heard and considered all testimony and arguments, of all persons desiring to be heard, and examined Addendum No. 1, analyzed the information submitted by staff and considered any written and oral comments received; and WHEREAS, the Record of Proceedings upon which the City Council bases its decision includes, but is not limited to: (1) Addendum No. 1 and the appendices and technical reports cited in and/or relied upon in preparing Addendum No. 1; (2) the staff reports, city files and records and other documents prepared for and/or submitted to the city relating to Addendum No. 1; (3) the evidence, facts, findings, and other determinations set forth in herein; (4) the General Plan and Carlsbad Municipal Code; (5) all plans, studies, data and correspondence submitted to the city in connection with Addendum No. 1; (6) all documentary and oral evidence received at public workshops, meetings, or hearings or submitted to the city relating to Addendum No. 1, and/or elsewhere during the course of the review of the project itself. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Carlsbad, California, as follows: 1. 2. That the above recitations are true and correct. That the City Council has considered the full record before it, which includes the Record of Proceedings. Furthermore, the recitals set forth above are found to be true and correct and material to this resolution; and are incorporated herein by reference. 3. That the addendum to EIR 2022-0007 is adequate and provides good-faith disclosure of available information on the project and all reasonable and feasible alternatives thereto. The addendum to EIR 2022-0007 found no significant environmental impacts would occur as a result of the Climate Action Plan Update. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 498 of 637 4. The findings of the Planning Commission contained in Planning Commission Resolution No. 7520, on file with the City Clerk and incorporated herein by reference, are the findings of the City Council. 5. Addendum No. 1 (Attachment A), on file with the City Clerk and incorporated by this reference, evaluated as stated above, is certified based on the following findings: FINDINGS: a. The City Council has reviewed, analyzed, and considered Addendum No. 1 to Final EIR 2022-0007 prior to certifying this project. b. Based upon the evidence submitted and as demonstrated by the analysis included in the Addendum No. 1 to Final EIR 2022-0007, none of the conditions described in CEQA Guidelines Sections 15162 or 15163 calling for the preparation of a subsequent or supplemental EIR or negative declaration have occurred; specifically: I. The proposed modifications to the project do not create substantial changes that would require major revisions to the EIR due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects; and II. The proposed modifications to the project do not create substantial changes with respect to the circumstances under which the project is undertaken that will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects; and Ill. There is no new information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the EIR was certified as complete and adopted, that shows any of the following: i. The modifications will have one or more significant effects not discussed in the certified EIR; ii. Significant effects previously examined will be substantially more severe than shown in the certified EIR; iii. Mitigation measures or alternatives previously found not to be feasible would in fact be feasible and would substantially reduce one or more Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 499 of 637 significant effects of the project, but the Applicant declines to adopt the mitigation measure or alternative; or iv. Mitigation measures or alternatives that are considerably different from those analyzed in the certified EIR would substantially reduce one or more significant effects on the environment, but the Applicant declines to adopt the mitigation measure or alterative; and v. The evaluation of the proposed modifications to the project, certified EIR, and Addendum reflects the City Council's independent judgment and analysis based on review of the entirety of the administrative record, which record provides the information upon which this resolution is based. IV. Pursuant to the above findings, the City Council determines that the EIR (EIR 13-02) and SEIR (EIR 2022-0007), together with the Addendum, satisfy all the requirements of CEQA and is adequate to serve as the required environmental documentation for the project. c. The City Council finds that the Addendum No. 1 to Final EIR 2022-0007 reflects the City of Carlsbad's independent judgment and analysis, has been prepared in accordance with requirements of the CEQA, the State CEQA Guidelines, and the Environmental Review Procedures of the City of Carlsbad. d. Pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21081.6(a)(2) and CEQA Guidelines Section 15091(e), the documents and other materials which constitute the record of proceedings on which this resolution is based are in the City of Carlsbad, at 1200 Carlsbad Village Drive in the custody of the City Clerk, and at 1635 Faraday Avenue in the custody of the City Planner. 6. This action is final on the date this resolution is adopted by the City Council. The Provisions of Chapter 1.16 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code, "Time Limits for Judicial Review", shall apply: "NOTICE" The time within which judicial review of this decision must be sought is governed by Code of Civil Procedure, Section 1094.6, which has been made applicable in the City of Carlsbad by Carlsbad Municipal Code Chapter 1.16. Any petition or other paper seeking review must be filed in the Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 500 of 637 appropriate court not later than the ninetieth day following the date on which this decision becomes final; however, if within ten days after the decision becomes final a request for the record is filed with a deposit in an amount sufficient to cover the estimated cost or preparation of such a record, the time within which such petition may be filed in court is extended to not later than the thirtieth day following the date on which the record is either personally delivered or mailed to the party, or his attorney of record, if he has one. A written request for the preparation of the record of the proceedings shall be filed with the City Clerk, City of Carlsbad, 1200 Carlsbad Village Drive, Carlsbad, CA, 92008. PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED at a Regular Meeting of the City Council of the City of Carlsbad on the 12th day of November, 2024, by the following vote, to wit: AYES: NAYS: ABSTAIN: ABSENT: BLACKBURN, BHAT-PATEL, ACOSTA, BURKHOLDER, LUNA. NONE. NONE. NONE. KEITH ~~~or SHERRY FREISINGER, City Clerk {SEAL) City of Carlsbad Addendum No. 1 to the Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update Supplemental Environmental Impact Report for the Climate Action Plan Update prepared for City of Carlsbad 1635 Faraday Avenue Carlsbad, California 92008 prepared by Ascent, Inc. 1230 Columbia Street, Suite 440 San Diego, CA 92101 Public Review Draft Attachment A Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 501 of 637 (i) . . Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 502 of 637 Table of Contents Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR i Table of Contents Executive Summary ......................................................................................................................................... iii 1 Introduction and Project Summary ........................................................................................................... 1 2 Project Context ...................................................................................................................................... 13 3 Overview of the CEQA Guidelines .......................................................................................................... 15 4 Environmental Effects and Determinations ........................................................................................... 17 5 Addendum Methodology ....................................................................................................................... 18 6 Addendum Evaluation ........................................................................................................................... 19 7 References ............................................................................................................................................. 87 Tables Table 1 Summary of CAP Update Measures and Actions ................................................................ 4 Figures Figure 1 Regional Location and Project Vicinity ............................................................................... 2 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 503 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update ii This page intentionally left blank. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 504 of 637 Executive Summary Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR iii Executive Summary The Project consists of an update to the City of Carlsbad’s Climate Action Plan (CAP Update). The city’s CAP Update outlines goals, strategies, and actions for reducing emissions and combating climate change. The current CAP, approved as part of the 2015 General Plan and amended in July 2020, ensures that Carlsbad does its part to contribute to the goals of AB 32 and its successor legislation, SB 32, to reduce its GHG emissions to 1990 levels by 2020, and to 40 percent below 1990 by 2030. The horizon year for the current CAP is 2035, corresponding with the buildout year of the 2015 General Plan. The CAP Update contains strategies to reduce local greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and streamline environmental review of future development projects in the city in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) such that new development is designed and built following sustainable practices. This is the city’s second comprehensive update to the CAP, following the CAP Amendment No. 1 in July 2020 and the original CAP which was adopted in September 2015. CAP strategies reflect the goals and policies of the city’s General Plan, addressing topics such as increasing energy efficiency, expanding bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure, and achieving solid waste reduction. The CAP Update establishes measures and actions to assist the City of Carlsbad in achieving its GHG emission reduction targets. The CAP Update includes measures organized into six sectors: water and wastewater, energy, waste diversion, transportation, off-road equipment, and carbon sequestration. These sectors serve as a way to organize GHG reduction measures and indicate the focus areas of the associated measures. Within each measure there are one or more actions that define activities, programs, policies, or projects that the city government will implement or support to achieve CAP Update goals. In considering the potential environmental impacts of the CAP Update, the city has determined that the EIR certified for the 2015 General Plan update (General Plan & Climate Action Plan Environmental Impact Report, State Clearinghouse Number 2011011004, dated June 2015) and SEIR certified for the 2023 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update (Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update Supplemental Environmental Impact Report, State Clearinghouse Number 2022090339, dated July 2023) are of continuing informational value. Further, the city has determined that the potential environmental impacts (both direct and indirect impacts) of the CAP Update are within the scope of the previously certified CEQA documents, and that none of the conditions requiring subsequent or supplemental environmental review under CEQA Guidelines section 15162 exists. Based on the information and analysis provided below, the city has determined that only minor or technical changes to the previously certified EIRs are necessary and that preparation of an Addendum pursuant to CEQA Guidelines section 15164 is appropriate. This Addendum was prepared as a first-tier CEQA document to “adequately address” the direct and indirect physical environmental effects of CAP Update implementation, including implementation ordinances, so the city can focus analysis in second-tier documents and implementation actions on issues specific to later projects. Agencies can adopt General Plan or zoning policies, and apply those policies to specific projects that are consistent with the General Plan or zoning ordinance (Public Resources Code section 21083.3). Under such circumstances, if an impact is not peculiar to the project, then issues addressed by those policies are statutorily exempt from further CEQA review. Based on the general nature of its measures and actions, the CAP Update is analyzed herein to determine whether it could cause a direct or reasonably foreseeable indirect change in the environment. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 505 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update iv This page intentionally left blank. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 506 of 637 Introduction and Project Summary Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 1 1 Introduction and Project Summary Project Title Addendum No. 1 to the Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update Supplemental Environmental Impact Report (SEIR) for the Climate Action Plan Update (the “Project” which is also referred to herein as the “CAP Update”) Lead Agency Name and Address City of Carlsbad 1635 Faraday Avenue Carlsbad, California 92008 Contact Person and Phone Number Katie Hentrich, Senior Program Manager, (442) 339-2623 Project Location The City of Carlsbad encompasses approximately 39 square miles of land in northwest San Diego County and is surrounded by Oceanside to the north, Vista, San Marcos, and unincorporated areas of San Diego County to the east, Encinitas to the south, and the Pacific Ocean to the west. Along Carlsbad’s northern edge, urban development abuts Highway 78, with the roadway and Buena Vista Lagoon acting as a boundary between Carlsbad and Oceanside. Similarly, Bat Iquitos Lagoon, along the city’s southern edge, acts as a boundary between Carlsbad and Encinitas. To the east, boundaries are less distinct, as a mix of hillsides and urban development are adjacent to Vista, San Marcos, and unincorporated County lands. The CAP Update planning boundary is the Carlsbad city limits, which is depicted on Figure 1. Project Sponsor’s Name and Address City of Carlsbad 1635 Faraday Avenue Carlsbad, California 92008 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 507 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 2 Figure 1 Regional Location and Project Vicinity Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 508 of 637 SAN DIEGO COUNTY Oceanside _-, City of Carlsbad r.:_. . [ ____ _ -----1 City Limits 1.5 Esri Ocean Base 20210138 GIS 001 / ..,...i ) L..., "' ) .-../1 __,..r j" i _j Turner Introduction and Project Summary Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 3 Project Description The City of Carlsbad (City) strives to reduce its contribution to climate change through policy frameworks that pursue the community’s goal of promoting a sustainable environment. The Climate Action Plan Update (CAP Update) serves to continue and elevate this policy framework by realigning its climate action policies with the most recent technological advancements, best practices, and State legislation. The CAP Update is organized into the following chapters: • Chapter 1, Introduction. The introduction provides an overview of the effects of global climate change, describes the extensive and targeted outreach to engage community members to ensure that the planning process is inclusive and representative of various needs and viewpoints, and provides background for the city’s climate action planning process. • Chapter 2, Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inventory, Forecasts, and Targets. This chapter inventories the city’s GHG emissions to demonstrate the city’s overall contribution to climate change and the contribution of individual GHG emissions sources and forecasts how emissions are expected to change with future growth. This chapter presents the technical basis for the CAP Update, and sets Carlsbad-specific GHG reduction targets for 2035 and 2045 that align with State legislation. • Chapter 3, Greenhouse Gas Reduction Strategies and Measures. This chapter presents six strategies and 25 measures that will reduce GHG emissions and build resilience to climate impacts in the community (i.e., GHG reduction strategies). The strategies are organized into six sectors: water and wastewater, energy, waste diversion, transportation, off-road equipment, and carbon sequestration. • Chapter 4, Implementation and Monitoring. Building off the information in Chapter 3, this chapter outlines the process by which the city will implement CAP Update strategies and measures, and how progress will be monitored over time to ensure the CAP Update is effective in reducing emissions. The CAP Update contains strategies to reduce local greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and streamline environmental review of future development projects in the city in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) such that new development is designed and built following sustainable practices. The CAP Update is the city’s second comprehensive update to the CAP, following the CAP Amendment No. 1 in July 2020 and the original CAP adopted in September 2015 as part of the 2015 General Plan. CAP strategies reflect the goals and policies of the city’s General Plan, addressing topics such as increasing energy efficiency, expanding bicycle and pedestrian infrastructure, and achieving solid waste reduction. The CAP Update establishes measures and actions that would reduce GHG emissions in Carlsbad to levels that achieve its GHG reduction targets, which are aligned with the State’s GHG reduction goals. The city’s 2035 target requires GHG emissions to be reduced 50 percent below 2016 levels (aligned with and extrapolated from SB 32) and reduced to 85 percent below 2016 levels by 2045 (aligned with AB 1279). The CAP Update measures and actions are identified in Table 1. The measures and actions meet the city’s GHG reduction targets. The CAP Update meets the requirements for a qualified plan for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions under State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183. for use in cumulative impact analysis pertaining to development projects. This Addendum No. 1 is intended to be used for future project-specific GHG emissions analyses by providing the appropriate level of environmental review to allow for future projects to tier from and streamline their analysis of GHG emissions pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 509 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 4 Section 15183.5(b)(2), unless otherwise determined to be cumulatively considerable. CEQA provides a variety of devices available to streamline the environmental review process and avoid redundancy. This Addendum No. 1 was also prepared to function as a first-tier CEQA document that would “adequately address” the direct and indirect physical environmental effects of GHG reduction measures including implementation ordinances so that city can focus the analysis in its second-tier documents and implementation actions solely on the issues specific to the later project. Pursuant to Public Resources Code section 21083.3, agencies can adopt General Plan or zoning policies, and apply those policies to specific projects that are consistent with the General Plan or zoning ordinance. Under such circumstances, if the impact at issue is not peculiar to the parcel or project, then the particular issues addressed by those policies are statutorily exempt from further CEQA review. Based on the “general nature” of the proposed measures and actions, the CAP Update is analyzed herein as to determine whether the activity could cause a direct or reasonably foreseeable indirect change in the environment. Table 1. Summary of CAP Update Measures and Actions Transportation Measure T-1: Traffic Calming & Optimization Primary Actions Action T-1.a: Continue optimizing traffic signals within the city, adjusting as needed as traffic volumes and conditions change, and coordinating along major corridors. Action T-1.b: Install roundabouts or traffic circles when feasible, utilizing the city’s engineering standard for intersection control. Supportive Actions Action T-1.c: Leverage the Sustainable Mobility Plan and Intersection Control Evaluation engineering standards to determine the location of new roundabouts and traffic circles. Measure T-2: Transportation Demand Management Program Primary Actions Action T-2.a: Continue implementing and enforcing existing TDM program and enforcing existing TDM ordinance (adopted 2019), mandating TDM improvements and strategies for non-residential development. Action T-2.b: Update TDM ordinance to modify existing threshold for compliance (e.g., reducing average daily trips threshold) as well as streamlining of other reporting requirements, as appropriate, by 2045. Supportive Actions Action T-2.c: Continue surveying businesses, pursuant to the TDM ordinance, to monitor implementation and track compliance. Action T-2.d: Update TDM strategies in the TDM program as new technology emerges. Action T-2.e: Leverage Carlsbad Commuter and other city channels to educate commuters on alternative commute choices and resources available. Measure T-3: Safe Routes to School Primary Actions Action T-3.a: Continue implementing a Safe Routes to School program to encourage walking and biking to school. Supportive Actions Action T-3.b: Leverage the city’s Sustainable Mobility Plan to determine location-specific improvements. Action T-3.c: Seek funding to launch Safe Routes to Schools programs at additional school sites. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 510 of 637 Introduction and Project Summary Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 5 Table 1. Summary of CAP Update Measures and Actions Action T-3.d: Leverage the Sustainable Mobility Plan to conduct Safe Routes to School-related education and outreach activities at schools throughout the city. Measure T-4: Bikeway System Improvements Primary Actions Action T-4.a: Construct 7.9 added miles of Class I multi-use bike paths. Action T-4.b: Improve 61.2 miles of Class II bike lanes to Class II buffered bike lanes. Action T-4.c: Continue other bikeway system improvements, as available. Supportive Actions Action T-4.d: Leverage the city’s Sustainable Mobility Plan to determine location of bikeway system improvements and secure bike parking and/or storage. Action T-4.e: Explore launch of a local on-demand microstransit program, such as the City of Oceanside’s program. Action T-4.f: Evaluate the city’s Supportive Bicycle Infrastructure, such as adding new bicycle parking at highly used coastal destinations, bike repair stations, and additional bike-related amenities. Measure T-5: Pedestrian System Improvements Primary Actions Action T-5.a: Add 6.19 miles of sidewalk. Supportive Actions Action T-5.b: Utilize the city’s Sustainable Mobility Plan to identify suitable locations for pedestrian system improvements, focusing on creating safer and more user-friendly infrastructure to facilitate ease of use for pedestrians. Measure T-6: Local Transportation Improvements Primary Actions Action T-6.a: Explore local transportation improvements to provide sustainable on-demand, flexible fleet transit and first-mile last-mile solutions. Action T-6.b: Leverage the Multimodal Transportation Impact Fee for implementation of local transportation improvements. Supportive Actions Action T-6.c: Leverage existing regional transportation plans (e.g., North County Comprehensive Multimodal Corridor Plan, SANDAG Regional Transportation Plan) to add or update improvements to the transportation system within Carlsbad Action T-6.d: Coordinate with regional and local agencies and partners on influencing transportation improvements throughout the region and within Carlsbad. Measure T-7: Municipal Transportation Demand Management Primary Actions Action T-7.a: Continue implementing existing Transportation Demand Management programs for eligible city staff. Supportive Actions Action T-7.b: Explore establishing new Transportation Demand Management programs for city staff, resulting in Transportation Demand Management plans for city facilities. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 511 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 6 Table 1. Summary of CAP Update Measures and Actions Measure T-8: Increase Public Zero Emission Infrastructure Primary Actions Action T-8.a: Increase the number of zero emission miles traveled within the city by installing and incentivizing public zero emission vehicle and bicycle infrastructure. Supportive Actions Action T-8.b: Seek external funding and/or partnerships for installation of zero emission vehicle and bicycle infrastructure (e.g., Clean Energy Alliance customer programs). Action T-8.c: Explore creation of incentive programs for new construction and existing buildings to install zero emission vehicle and bicycle infrastructure beyond building code requirements. Action T-8.d: Continue education and outreach on zero emission vehicle options and rebates. Action T-8.e: Update existing Electric Vehicle Siting Plan to incorporate additional sites for zero emission vehicle and bicycle infrastructure, as well as new technologies, expanded zero emission vehicle types, and best practices. Action T-8.f: Explore employee purchase programs to encourage workplace charging for city staff. Measure T-9: Zero Emission City Fleet Primary Actions Action T-9.a: Continue transition and expansion of the city’s zero emission fleet. Action T-9.b: Install zero emission charging infrastructure to support fleet conversion and deployment needs. Supportive Actions Action T-9.c: Establish city fleet regulations for idling. Action T-9.d: Plan for fleet conversion and deployment, including updates to technology, legislation, and other best practices. Action T-9.e: Research technology options and purchase technology to sustain city fleet operations during emergencies. Action T-9.f: Transition all passenger fleet vehicle purchases after FY 2022-23 to be electric vehicles, with the exception of public safety vehicle purchases, which will be electric where feasible. Action T-9.g: Update city policies to encourage use of zero emission vehicles wherever feasible. Measure T-10: Parking Management Strategies Primary Actions Action T-10.a: Reduce vehicle miles traveled per capita citywide through parking management strategies. Supportive Actions Action T-10.b: Implement and update city’s parking management strategies (e.g., Carlsbad Village, Barrio, and Beach Areas Parking Management Plan, Village and Barrio Master Plan) to encourage alternative modes of transportation throughout the city. Energy Measure E-1: Renewable Electricity at Municipal Facilities Primary Actions Action E-1.a: Increase percentage of renewable electricity purchased for existing city facilities and street and safety lighting to 100%. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 512 of 637 Introduction and Project Summary Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 7 Table 1. Summary of CAP Update Measures and Actions Action E-1.b: Have 100% renewable electricity be the default for new city facilities and street and safety lighting. Action E-1.c: Eliminate natural gas use at city facilities, where feasible. Supportive Actions Action E-1.d: Coordinate with the city’s energy suppliers on the purchase of 100% renewable electricity (e.g., “Green Impact” level from Clean Energy Alliance). Action E-1.e: Continue certifying city facilities in the Carlsbad Green Business Program. Action E-1.f: Conduct analysis to determine best practices and technologies for eliminating natural gas use at city facilities. Action E-1.g: Leverage local and regional partnerships and seek funding to support identified renewable electricity upgrades and elimination of natural gas use at city facilities. Action E-1.h: Upgrade all street and safety lighting to more energy efficient options. Measure E-2: Community Choice Energy Primary Actions Action E-2.a: Continue the participation in the Clean Energy Alliance (CEA) Community Choice Energy program. Action E-2.b: Set 100% renewable electricity (e.g., CEA’s “Green Impact”) as the default option for CEA customers within the city. Supportive Actions Action E-2.c: Explore the purchase of renewable energy credits if CEA is not reaching its 2035 goal. Action E-2.d: Support promotion of CEA’s customer programs and encourage CEA customers to participate. Measure E-3: Nonresidential Building Energy Measure E-3.1: Nonresidential Building Energy Existing Reach Code Primary Actions Action E-3.1.a: Continue implementing existing building energy efficiency and water heater ordinances (adopted in 2019). Supportive Actions Action E-3.1.b: Analyze feasibility of eligible sites for renewable energy infrastructure across all city facilities, leveraging any pre-existing analyses that are applicable. Action E-3.1.c: Seek grant funding for installation of renewable energy infrastructure at existing and new city facilities (e.g., solar, battery storage, microgrids). Measure E-3.2: Nonresidential Building Energy – Updated Reach Code Primary Actions Action E-3.2.a: Update city’s building code, or “reach code,” to include updated energy performance-based requirements for new nonresidential buildings. Supportive Actions Action E-3.2.b: Leverage CEA and SDG&E customer programs, or other similar programs. Action E-3.2.c: Explore pilot programs and incentives to educate businesses on energy efficiency and renewable energy options for new and existing buildings. Measure E-3.3: Nonresidential Building Energy – Solar Carports Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 513 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 8 Table 1. Summary of CAP Update Measures and Actions Primary Actions Action E-3.3.a: Construct “solar carports” (also known as installing solar panels over outdoor parking spaces) at eligible city-owned parking lots. Supportive Actions Action E-3.3.b: Conduct feasibility study for solar carport installation at city facilities to determine which are eligible and for what size of system. Action E-3.3.c: Seek grant funding and leverage partnerships to install solar carports. Measure E-4: Residential Building Energy Measure E-4.1: Residential Building Energy – Existing Reach Code Primary Actions Action E-4.1.a: Continue implementing existing building energy efficiency and water heater ordinances (adopted in 2019). Supportive Actions Action E-4.1.b: Explore updating the Home Energy Score Assessment Pilot Program. Action E-4.1.c: Leverage CEA and SDG&E customer programs, or other similar programs Action E-4.1.d: Explore pilot programs and incentives to educate residents on energy efficiency and renewable energy options for new and existing buildings. Measure E-4.2: Residential Building Energy – Updated Reach Code Primary Actions Action E-4.2.a: Update city’s building code, or “reach code,” to include updated energy performance-based requirements for new residential buildings. Supportive Actions Action E-4.2.b: Leverage CEA and SDG&E customer programs, or other similar programs. Action E-4.2.c: Explore pilot programs and incentives to educate residents on energy efficiency and renewable energy options for new and existing buildings Measure E-5: Building Energy Benchmarking Primary Actions Action E-5.a: Develop, adopt, and implement a building energy benchmarking ordinance. Supportive Actions Action E-5.b: Prepare a building stock analysis. Action E-5.c: Explore options and best practices for requiring existing commercial and residential buildings of a certain size to submit energy data annually. Action E-5.d: Conduct education and outreach to building owners and the public regarding new requirements. Measure E-6: Decarbonize Existing Buildings Primary Actions Action E-6.a: Reduce energy usage and decarbonize existing residential buildings, particularly existing residential buildings not covered by any reach code requirements. Supportive Actions Action E-6.b: Explore updating the Home Energy Score Assessment Pilot Program. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 514 of 637 Introduction and Project Summary Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 9 Table 1. Summary of CAP Update Measures and Actions Action E-6.c: Leverage CEA and SDG&E customer programs, or other similar programs. Action E-6.d: Seek external funding to launch and/or leverage existing pilot programs and incentives to support existing building decarbonization (e.g., appliance exchange, weatherization, solar PV installation, battery storage) Action E-6.e: Leverage building stock analysis (prepared for E-5) to target existing residential buildings. Water and Wastewater Measure W-1: Wastewater System Improvements Primary Actions Action W-1.a: Continue making improvements to the City of Carlsbad’s collection system, including but not limited to upgrading lift stations. Supportive Actions Action W-1.b: Explore system improvements based on SCADA Master Plan. Measure W-2: Water System Improvements Primary Actions Action W-2.a: Continue making improvements to CMWD’s potable and recycled water systems, including but not limited to expanding water reuse, and using renewable energy to power facilities. Supportive Actions Action W-2.b: Continue to explore local water supply options and assess feasibility and cost to benefit ratio. Action W-2.c: Assess feasibility and seek funding for renewable energy and/or storage at CMWD facilities. Waste Diversion Measure WD-1: Solid and Organic Waste Diversion Primary Actions Action WD-1.a: Reduce waste disposal to 4.2 pounds per person per day (or the equivalent of a 75% diversion rate) by 2035 and to 1.7per person per day (or the equivalent of a 90% diversion rate) by 2045. Action WD-1.b: Divert 75% organic waste by 2035 and 90% by 2045. Supportive Actions Action WD-1.c: Research ordinance for requirement of a percentage of disposal for organic waste. Action WD-1.d: Encourage maximum organics diversion from local businesses. Action WD-1.e: Establish a Construction & Demolition diversion program. Action WD-1.f: Maximize edible food recovery. Action WD-1.g: Establish a program for permitted haulers for proper diversion of all waste streams. Action WD-1.h: Continue implementing existing Sustainable Materials Management systems and ordinances citywide, including at city facilities and events. Action WD-1.i: Continue implementing existing compost and mulch giveaway programs; explore launching new giveaway programs that target specific users. Action WD-1.j: Update the city’s sustainable purchasing policy to include regulatory requirements for sustainable procurement. Action WD-1.k: Pursue vendor contracts to help implement diversion goals and monitor compliance. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 515 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 10 Table 1. Summary of CAP Update Measures and Actions Off-Road Equipment Measure OR-1: Convert Gas-Powered Leaf Blowers Primary Actions Action OR-1.a: Develop, adopt, and implement an ordinance prohibiting the use of gas-powered leaf blowers. Supportive Actions Action OR-1.b: Leverage existing State and regional resources to promote trade-in of existing gas-powered leaf blowers or other similar incentives. Action OR-1.c: Conduct outreach regarding the new requirements. Measure OR-2: Increase Renewable or Alternative Fuel Construction Equipment Primary Actions Action OR-2.a: Develop, adopt, and implement an ordinance requiring new developments and significant land-moving and construction projects to use electric-powered or alternatively-fueled construction equipment that reduces 50% of emissions from project construction activities. Supportive Actions Action OR-2.b: Exempt small residential and non-residential projects from this requirement. Action OR-2.c: Conduct outreach regarding new requirements. Action OR-2.d: Seek external funding and leverage existing resources to support conversion of medium and heavy duty vehicles. Carbon Sequestration Measure CS-1: Community Forest Management Primary Actions Action CS-1.a: Increase city’s tree inventory by continuing to implement the Community Forest Management Plan. Action CS-1.b: To help sustain the city’s tree inventory, continue replacing trees at a 2:1 ratio. Action CS-1.c: Conduct an inventory to assess urban canopy cover every five years. Supportive Actions Action CS-1.d: Explore additional locations for tree planting beyond what is included in the Community Forest Management Plan, with “right tree right space,” ongoing budget, and maintenance costs taken into consideration. Action CS-1.e: Encourage eligible residents to take part in a free street tree planting assessment. Source: City of Carlsbad 2024. Note: The implementation actions under each GHG reduction measure have been categorized as “Primary” or “Supportive” to signify the degree in which an action affects the quantifiable GHG reductions that are expected to be achieved with implementation. Primary actions are implementation actions that drive quantifiable GHG reductions. Supportive actions provide additional support to the successful implementation of the measure and may also have associated GHG reductions that have not been quantified as part of the CAP Update. The city has developed an update to its Climate Action Plan Consistency Review Checklist (CAP Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 516 of 637 Introduction and Project Summary Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 11 Consistency Checklist), in conjunction with the CAP Update, to provide a streamlined review process for proposed new development projects that are subject to discretionary review and trigger environmental review pursuant to CEQA. New developments that are consistent with growth projections and applicable GHG reduction measures of the CAP Update are eligible for streamlining under State CEQA Guidelines Section 15183.5. The proposed CAP Consistency Checklist is discussed in more detail in Chapter 4 of the CAP update. The CAP Update includes strategies, measures, and actions intended to reduce GHG emissions from six emissions sectors. To achieve reductions in GHG emissions, measures and actions within each sector are proposed to be implemented within specific timeframes. The strategies, measures, and actions are listed in full in Table 1. The strategies, measures, and actions describe the overall approach and detail the specific programs and actions that the city will carry out. This Addendum has been prepared to address the implementation of the CAP Update measures and actions that could result in reasonably foreseeable physical impacts to the environment. More focused CEQA analysis (focusing on specifics of individual implementing actions) may be required in the future. Discretionary Actions The CAP Update would require the following discretionary actions by the City Council: • Approval of Addendum No. 1 to the Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update Supplemental Environmental Impact Report • Adoption of the CAP Update Location of Prior Environmental Document(s) The location and custodian of the General Plan update EIR, and Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR are the City Clerk, City of Carlsbad, 1200 Carlsbad Village Drive, Carlsbad, CA. A copy of the previous environmental documents is also available online at the City of Carlsbad, Planning Department website: https://www.carlsbadca.gov/home/showpublisheddocument/14316/638248571137030000 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 517 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 12 This page intentionally left blank. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 518 of 637 Project Context Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 13 2 Project Context The following provides a history and timeline of the environmental documentation that has been prepared for the City of Carlsbad’s CAP and Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update. On September 22, 2015, the City of Carlsbad certified a final environmental impact report (EIR) for a comprehensive update to the General Plan and a Climate Action Plan (General Plan & Climate Action Plan Environmental Impact Report, State Clearinghouse Number 2011011004, dated June 2015) (City of Carlsbad 2015). The city’s 2015 CAP was developed in response to AB 32, and the increasing severity of climate events. The 2015 CAP includes goals, policies, and actions for Carlsbad to reduce GHG emissions and address climate change through 2035. The certified EIR discussed the potential environmental impacts (both direct and indirect impacts) associated with future development allowed under the General Plan update and included a thorough analysis of the estimated build out of the city through the horizon year 2035. The EIR found that, with implementation of the policies and programs contained in the General Plan and recommended mitigation measures, all impacts (direct and indirect) associated with future development under the General Plan update would be less than significant, except impacts on Air Quality and Transportation which would be significant and unavoidable. As statewide targets adjusted to limit global warming below 2 degrees Celsius, the city has adapted its CAP and GHG reduction targets accordingly. On July 14, 2020, the City Council approved CAP Amendment No. 1 to revise the GHG inventory and reduction targets and forecast, update reductions from existing measures and incorporate community choice energy as a new reduction measure. This was partially influenced by the publication of the 2017 California Air Resources Board (CARB) Climate Change Scoping Plan (Scoping Plan) and the 2018 San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) Regional Climate Action Planning Framework (ReCAP). Both documents included new guidance on calculating GHG reduction targets. The amended CAP contained a 2012 GHG inventory, requiring the recalculation of 2020 and 2035 emissions reduction targets and recalculation of the business-as-usual (BAU) forecast, State and federal emissions reductions, and local reductions needed to reach a 2017 Scoping Plan aligned target. The BAU forecast assumes no additional actions to reduce GHG emissions occur after 2012 (the updated baseline inventory year), providing an assessment of how Carlsbad’s GHG emissions would change with future growth. Addendum No. 1 to the 2015 General Plan Update and CAP EIR was prepared in May 2020 for updates to the certified CAP (“CAP Amendment No. 1”) (City of Carlsbad 2020). CAP Amendment No. 1 included use of the 2012 GHG inventory, calculation of 2020 and 2035 targets using the 2012 GHG inventory and guidance from CARB’s 2017 Climate Change Scoping Plan, the addition of Community Choice Energy (CCE) as a GHG reduction measure and recalculation of the CAP measures to reflect changes in State and federal policies and the changed electrical generation emissions factor associated with CCE. The Addendum concluded that CAP Amendment No. 1 did not constitute a substantial change in the project or circumstances involving significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects. The mitigation measures previously included and remaining in the CAP, and the CCE implementation measure remained feasible. Therefore, CAP Amendment No. 1 did not necessitate a subsequent EIR because it did not create any of the situations contained in State CEQA Guidelines Section 15162. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 519 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 14 Addendum The Housing Element Update for the General Plan was prepared in late 2020 and provided to the California Department of Housing and Community Development (HCD) for preliminary review. The Housing Element was analyzed under its own respective CEQA document, Addendum No. 2 to the 2015 General Plan EIR, which was approved by the City Council on April 6, 2021 (SCH#2011011004) (City of Carlsbad 2021). This Addendum found that, with implementation of mitigation measures, all impacts (direct and indirect) associated with the Housing Element did not identify any changes in the Project (2015 General Plan), changes in circumstance, and/or any new information of substantial importance that would cause significant effects to environmental resources. Addendum No. 2 determined that the 2015 General Plan EIR was of continuing informational value, the changes in the 2021 Housing Element Update were within the scope of that previously certified EIR, and none of the conditions requiring the preparation of subsequent or supplemental environmental review under CEQA Guidelines section 15162 existed. On February 2, 2024, the City of Carlsbad certified a supplemental environmental impact report (SEIR) which consists of amendments to the Carlsbad General Plan, including the Land Use and Community Design Element and Public Safety Element, and amendments to Carlsbad Municipal Code Title 21, the Zoning Ordinance (Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update Supplemental Environmental Impact Report, State Clearinghouse Number 2022090339, dated July 2023) (City of Carlsbad 2024). The certified SEIR discussed the potential environmental impacts (both direct and indirect impacts) associated with the development of housing on 18 sites as part of the Housing Element implementation. The SEIR identified updates to the Carlsbad General Plan, specifically the Land Use and Community Design Element, to allow for this development. The Public Safety Element would also be updated to ensure consistency with State regulations. Updates to the Land Use and Community Design Element included the addition of two new residential land use designations (R-35 and R-40) for the accommodation of higher density residential development, establishment of revised minimum densities for some residential designations, miscellaneous, related changes to tables, text and policies, and changes to land use designations on multiple sites to accommodate the city’s Regional Housing Needs Allocation (RHNA) share. Updates to the Public Safety Element included the addition of the requirements of new State legislation and the incorporation of new policies based on local and regional data. The SEIR found that, with implementation of mitigation measures, all impacts (direct and indirect) associated with the Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update would be less than significant, except impacts on Air Quality, GHG, Noise, and Transportation which would be significant and unavoidable. In considering the potential environmental impacts of the CAP Update, the city has determined that the EIR certified for the 2015 General Plan update and SEIR certified for the 2024 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update are of continuing informational value. The city also has determined that the potential environmental impacts (both direct and indirect impacts) of the CAP Update are within the scope of the previously certified EIR and SEIR and that none of the conditions requiring subsequent or supplemental environmental review under CEQA Guidelines section 15162 exists. Based on the information and analysis provided below, the city has determined that only minor or technical changes to the previously certified EIR are necessary and that that preparation of an Addendum pursuant to CEQA Guidelines section 15164 is appropriate. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 520 of 637 Overview of the CEQA Guidelines Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 15 3 Overview of the CEQA Guidelines Section 15160 of the CEQA Guidelines explains that there are several mechanisms, and variations in environmental documents, that can be tailored to different situations and intended uses of environmental review. Specifically, Section 15160 states that the “…variations listed [including Subsequent EIRs, Supplemental EIRs, and Addendums] are not exclusive. Lead agencies may use other variations consistent with the Guidelines to meet the needs of other circumstances.” This provision allows Lead agencies to tailor the use of CEQA mechanisms (such as this Addendum) to fit the circumstances presented to the Lead agency by a project. Here, the city has opted to prepare an Addendum to assess the minor modifications of the Project that have transpired since preparation of the EIR. Public Resources Code Section 21166 and California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines Sections 15162 and 15164 set forth the criteria for determining the appropriate additional environmental documentation, if any, to be completed when changes are proposed to a project that has a previously certified Environmental Impact Report (EIR). When considering the need for additional environmental review, the fundamental determination a lead agency must make is whether the previously certified EIR retains some informational value or whether changes in the project or circumstances have rendered it wholly irrelevant. If the previously certified EIR has continuing informational value, the lead agency then must determine whether the proposed changes in the Project require additional environmental review under Public Resources Code Section 21166 and CEQA Guidelines Section 15162. CEQA Guidelines Section 15164 states that a lead agency shall prepare an addendum to a previously certified EIR if some changes or additions are necessary, but none of the conditions described in Section 15162 calling for preparation of a subsequent EIR have occurred. CEQA Guidelines section 15162(a) states that no Subsequent or Supplemental EIR shall be prepared for a project with a certified EIR unless the lead agency determines, based on substantial evidence in the light of the whole record, one or more of the following: 1. Substantial changes are proposed in the project that will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects. 2. Substantial changes occur with respect to the circumstances under which the project is undertaken which will require major revisions of the previous EIR due to the involvement of new significant environmental effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified significant effects. 3. New information of substantial importance, which was not known and could not have been known with the exercise of reasonable diligence at the time the previous EIR was certified as complete, shows any of the following: A. The project will have one or more significant effects not discussed in the previous EIR. B. Significant effects previously examined will be substantially more severe than shown in the previous EIR. C. Mitigation measures or alternatives previously found not to be feasible would in fact be feasible and would substantially reduce one or more significant effects of the project, but the project proponents decline to adopt the mitigation measure or alternative. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 521 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 16 Addendum D. Mitigation measures or alternatives that are considerably different from those analyzed in the previous EIR would substantially reduce one or more significant effects on the environment, but the project proponents decline to adopt the mitigation measure or alternative. The analysis pursuant to Section 15162 demonstrates whether the lead agency can approve the activity as being within the scope of the existing certified EIR, that an addendum to the existing EIR would be appropriate, and no new environmental document, such as a new EIR, would be required. The addendum need not be circulated for public review but can be included in or attached to the final EIR, and the decision-making body shall consider the addendum with the final EIR prior to deciding on the project. The City of Carlsbad has prepared this Addendum, pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Sections 15162 and 15164, to evaluate whether the Project’s environmental impacts are covered by and within the scope of the Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update Supplemental Environmental Impact Report (State Clearinghouse Number 2022090339, dated July 2023). The following Addendum details any changes in the Project, changes in circumstances under which the Project is undertaken, and/or “new information of substantial importance” that may cause one or more significant effects to environmental resources. The responses herein substantiate and support the City of Carlsbad’s determination that the potential environmental impacts of the CAP Update measures and actions are within the scope of the Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR, do not require subsequent or supplemental environmental review under CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 and, in conjunction with the SEIR, preparation of an Addendum pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15164 is appropriate. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 522 of 637 En v i r o nm e n t a l E f f e c t s a n d D e t e r m i n a t i o n s Ad d e n d u m N o . 1 Ho u s i n g E l e m e n t I m p l e m e n t a t i o n a n d P u b l i c S a f e t y E l e m e n t U p d a t e S E I R 17 4 En v i r o n m e n t a l E f f e c t s a n d D e t e r m i n a t i o n s Th e s u b j e c t a r e a s c h e c k e d b e l o w w e r e d e t e r m i n e d t o b e n e w s i g n i f i c a n t e n v i r o n m e n t a l e f f e c t s o r t o be p r e v i o u s l y i d e n t i f i e d e f f e c t s t h a t h a v e a s u b s t a n t i a l i n c r e a s e i n s e v e r i t y e i t h e r d u e t o a c h a n g e i n Pr o j e c t , c h a n g e i n c i r c u m s t a n c e s , o r n e w i n f o r m a t i o n o f s u b s t a n t i a l i m p o r t a n c e , a s i n d i c a t e d b y t h e ch e c k l i s t a n d d i s c u s s i o n o n t h e f o l l o w i n g p a g e s . ■ NO N E □ Ae s t h e t i c s □ Ai r Q u a l i t y □ Bi o l o g i c a l R e s o u r c e s □ En e r g y , G r e e n h o u s e G a s E m i s s i o n s , an d Cl i m a t e C h a n g e □ Ge o l o g y , S o i l s , an d S e i s m i c i t y □ Ha z a r d s a n d H a z a r d o u s Ma t e r i a l s , A i r p o r t S a f e t y , a n d Wi l d f i r e s □ Hi s t o r i c a l , A r c h a e o l o g i c a l , a n d Pa l e o n t o l o g i c a l R e s o u r c e s ( i n c l u d e s Tr i b a l C u l t u r a l R e s o u r c e s ) □ Hy d r o l o g y a n d Fl o o d i n g /W a t e r Q u a l i t y □ La n d U s e P l a n n i n g , H o u s i n g , an d P o p u l a t i o n □ No i s e □ Pu b l i c F a c i l i t i e s an d S e r v i c e s □ Ut i l i t i e s a n d S e r v i c e S y s t e m s □ Tr a n s p o r t a t i o n □ Ag r i c u l t u r e & Fo r e s t r y Re s o u r c e s □ Im p a c t s N o t P o t e n t i a l l y Si g n i f i c a n t : M i n e r a l Re s o u r c e s De t e r m i n a t i o n Ba s e d on th i s an a l y s i s , th e 20 2 4 Ho u s i n g E l e m e n t I m p l e m e n t a t i o n a n d P u b l i c S a f e t y E l e m e n t U p d a t e SE I R ha s co n t i n u i n g in f o r m a t i o n a l va l u e an d : □ Su b s t a n t i a l c h a n g e s a r e p r o p o s e d i n t h e p r o j e c t o r t h e r e a r e su b s t a n t i a l c h a n g e s i n t h e ci r c u m s t a n c e s un d e r wh i c h th e pr o j e c t wi l l be un d e r t a k e n th a t wi l l re q u i r e ma j o r re v i s i o n s t o th e p r e v i o u s E I R d u e t o t h e i n v o l v e m e n t o f s i g n i f i c a n t n e w e n v i r o n m e n t a l e f f e c t s o r a su b s t a n t i a l i n c r e a s e i n t h e s e v e r i t y o f p r e v i o u s l y i d e n t i f i e d s i g n i f i c a n t e f f e c t s . O r , t h e r e i s “ne w in f o r m a t i o n o f s u b s t a n t i a l i m p o r t a n c e , ” as t h a t t e r m i s u s e d i n C E Q A G u i d e l i n e s S e c t i o n 15 1 6 2 ( a ) ( 3 ) . T h e r e f o r e , a S U B S E Q U E N T o r S U P P L E M E N T A L E I R i s r e q u i r e d . ■ No s u b s t a n t i a l c h a n g e s a r e p r o p o s e d i n t h e pr o j e c t an d t her e a r e n o s u b s t a n t i a l c h a n g e s i n th e c i r c u m s t a n c e s u n d e r w h i c h t h e p r o j e c t w i l l b e u n d e r t a k e n t h a t w i l l r e q u i r e m a j o r re v i s i o n s t o t h e p r e v i o u s E I R d u e t o t h e i n v o l v e m e n t o f s i g n i f i c a n t n e w e n v i r o n m e n t a l e f f e c t s or a s u b s t a n t i a l i n c r e a s e i n t h e s e v e r i t y o f p r e v i o u s l y i d e n t i f i e d s i g n i f i c a n t e f f e c t s . A l s o , th e r e is no “ ne w in f o r m a t i o n of su b s t a n t i a l im p o r t a n c e ” as th a t te r m is us e d in CE Q A Gu i d e l i n e s Se c t i o n 1 5 1 6 2 ( a ) ( 3 ) . T h e r e f o r e , t h e p r e p a r a t i o n o f a n A d d e n d u m t o t h e p r e v i o u s l y ce r t i f i e d SEI R (C i t y of Ca r l s b a d , Ho u s i n g E l e m e n t I m p l e m e n t a t i o n a n d P u b l i c S a f e t y E l e m e n t U p d a t e Su p p l e m e n t a l E n v i r o n m e n t a l I m p a c t R e p o r t ( S E I R ) ( S t a t e C l e a r i n g h o u s e N u m b e r 2 0 2 2 0 9 0 3 3 9 , da t e d J u l y 2 0 2 3 ) i s a d e q u a t e a n d a p p r o p r i a t e . Si g n a t u r e : _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ ___ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Da t e : _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ Pr i n t e d Na m e : _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ Ti t l e : __ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ _ __ __ _ _ _ _ Er i c L a r d y Ma y 2 , 2 0 2 4 Ci t y P l a n n e r No v . 1 2 , 2 0 2 4 It e m # 8 P a g e 5 2 3 o f 6 3 7 t -g ~ City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 18 Addendum 5 Addendum Methodology The city has previously prepared and certified an EIR for the 2015 General Plan, an Addendum for the CAP Amendment (2020), an Addendum for the Housing Element (2021), and a SEIR for the Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update (2024). Collectively, these CEQA reviews are known as the “Previous CEQA Documents.” No legal actions were filed challenging the Previous CEQA Documents and thus are presumed valid. Since the adoption of the Previous CEQA Documents, there have been no substantial changes in the city’s policies that relate to actions in the CAP Update; neither has there been new information, or a change of circumstances which would invalidate the Previous CEQA Documents. In addition, the city adopted ordinances in 2019 that amended the Carlsbad Municipal Code related to energy efficiency, renewable energy, alternative water heating, electric vehicle charging infrastructure and transportation demand management, which further mitigate environmental impacts. The CAP Update is a programmatic planning document which catalogues the priorities of the city for reducing energy use and greenhouse gas emissions to meet State reduction targets. The CAP Update does not approve or authorize a project that could potentially alter the environment. Rather, it outlines the need for future work to advance each of the separate measures and actions. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 524 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 19 6 Addendum Evaluation Aesthetics CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes b. Substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a State scenic highway? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 52 5 of 63 7 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 20 Addendum CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? c. In non-urbanized areas, substantially degrade the exiting visual character or quality of public views of the site and its surroundings (Public views are those that are experienced from publicly accessible vantage point). If the project is in an urbanized area, would the project conflict with applicable zoning and other regulations governing scenic quality? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes d. Create a new source of substantial light or glare that would adversely affect day- or nighttime views in the area? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 52 6 of 63 7 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 21 Previous CEQA Analysis Aesthetics Findings The 2024 SEIR identified less than significant impacts for scenic vistas (AES-1), scenic resources within scenic highways (AES-2), visual quality (AES-3), and light and glare (AES-4) (Section 4.1, Aesthetics). Addendum Analysis The implementation of the CAP Update measures and actions would result in short-term and long- term changes related to aesthetics as described below. Construction activities associated with the implementation of the CAP Update, such as equipment use and staging of materials, would result in short-term, temporary changes to aesthetic conditions in the city. The types of construction activities associated with the CAP Update would vary depending on the type of CAP Update measure. For example, Measures T-1, T-4, T-5, T-8, and T-9 would involve removing existing pavement; repaving roadway surfaces; painting or restriping pavement; modifying curbs; laying concrete, and installing traffic signals, lighting, landscaping, street furniture, and other amenities. Some of these improvements, such as Measure E-3.3, W-1, and W-2, would require limited ground disturbance. Construction activities would be short-term and temporary, and would not involve equipment of substantial height, bulk, or massing that would have substantial adverse effects on existing scenic vistas, scenic resources, or visual quality. Because duration of these activities would be limited to relatively short periods, their temporary effects on aesthetic resources would not be substantial. Construction activities would also incrementally increase sources of light and glare in the city, for example from outdoor lighting sources associated with construction of transportation improvements and glare from construction vehicles and equipment. Construction activities would generally occur during daytime hours and would comply with applicable lighting requirements including the City’s Zoning Ordinance and Title 24 of the California Building Code that reduce light spillover. Furthermore, construction activities would be located in developed areas with existing sources of outdoor lighting and glare, characteristic of developed urban and suburban environments. Thus, the CAP Update would not create temporary new sources of substantial light or glare that would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the city. Long-term changes resulting from implementation of CAP Update measures would include improvements at or near grade level of existing roadways, as well as minor changes to traffic intersections and walkways (through implementation of Measures T-1, T-4, T-5, T-8, and T-9), improvements to water and wastewater systems (Measures W-1 and W-2), and planting of trees (through implementation of Measure CS-1). Energy-related measures such as Measure E.3-3, which includes the construction of solar carports, would also result in changes to the aesthetic environment. Implementation of Measures T-1, T-4, T-5, T-8, and T-9 would also result in the installation of new sidewalks, new and upgraded bikeways and walkways along existing developed roadways and rights- of-way in the city, and the installation of roundabouts or control traffic within the intersections of existing developed roadways. The CAP Update would not result in new features of substantial height, bulk, or massing that would result in substantial long-term damage to scenic vistas, scenic resources, or visual quality. Additionally, the increase in planted trees and the development of new landscaping (Measure CS-1) would offer long-term visual improvement to the local surrounding area and would not result in a substantial effect to scenic vistas, scenic resources, or visual quality. Transportation measures and actions included in the CAP Update would include improvements to the city’s existing pedestrian, bicycle, and transit network that may introduce new short term light sources. In addition, installation of solar carports (Measure E-3.3) would introduce new sources of glare from sunlight reflecting off of solar photovoltaic panels. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 527 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 22 Addendum These types of improvements would comply with applicable lighting requirements including the city’s Zoning Ordinance and Title 24 of the California Building Code that reduce light spillover. Improvements resulting from implementation of the CAP Update would be located in developed areas with existing sources of outdoor lighting and glare, characteristic of developed urban and suburban environments. Thus, the CAP Update would not create new long-term sources of substantial light or glare that would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the city. Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to aesthetics. The 2024 SEIR did not identify significant aesthetic impacts and did not identify mitigation measures. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to aesthetics. Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR There are no mitigation measures from the 2024 SEIR identified to reduce impacts related to aesthetics. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 528 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 23 Agriculture and Forestry Resources CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of statewide Importance, as shown on maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to nonagricultural use? No Impact None No No No Yes Yes b. Conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson Act contract? No Impact None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 52 9 of 63 7 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 24 Addendum CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? c. Conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land, as defined in Public Resources Code Section 12220 (g)), timberland (as defined by Public Resources Code Section 4526), or timberland zoned Timberland Production (as defined by Government Code Section 51104(g))? No Impact None No No No Yes Yes d. Result in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to non-forest use? No Impact None No No No Yes Yes e. Involve other changes in the exiting environment which, due to their location or nature, could result in the conversion of Farmland, to non- agricultural use or conversion of forest land to non-forest use? No Impact None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 53 0 of 63 7 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 25 Previous CEQA Analysis Agriculture and Forestry Resources Findings The 2024 SEIR identified no impacts for converting Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance (Farmland); for conflicting with existing zoning for agricultural use or a Williamson Act contract or with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land (as defined in Public Resources Code Section 12220(g)); timberland (as defined by Public Resources Code Section 4526); or timberland zoned Timberland Production (as defined by Government Code Section 51104(g)); and for resulting in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to non-forest use; or involving other changes in the existing environment which, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of Farmland to non-agricultural use or conversion of forest land to non-forest use (Section 4.16.1, Agriculture and Forestry Resources). Addendum Analysis Implementation of the CAP Update would not result in the conversion of Important Farmland or forest land to urban or other uses. Measures and actions included in the CAP Update may include construction activities, such as equipment use and staging of materials; however, construction activities would occur in previously disturbed, developed areas not currently used for agricultural uses or under a Williamson Act contract. There are currently no Williamson Act contracts in the city and the CAP Update does not propose land use changes that would affect the status of any Williamson Act contracts (DOC 2024). Additionally, there are no areas in the city zoned as forest or timberland, therefore, implementation of the CAP Update would not conflict with existing zoning or cause rezoning any forest land, timberland, or timber land zoned for timberland production. Therefore, the CAP Update would not involve other changes in the exiting environment which, due to their location or nature, could result in the conversion of Farmland, to non-agricultural use or conversion of forest land to non-forest use. Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to agriculture and forestry resources. The 2024 SEIR did not identify significant agriculture and forestry resources impacts and did not identify mitigation measures. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to agriculture and forestry resources. Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR There are no mitigation measures from the 2024 SEIR identified to reduce impacts related to agriculture and forestry resources. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 531 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 26 Addendum Air Quality CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan? Less than Significant with Mitigation MM AQ-1 No No No Yes Yes b. Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or State ambient air quality standard? Significant and Unavoidable MM AQ-2 No No No Yes Yes c. Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? Less than Significant with Mitigation MM AQ-3 MM AQ-4 No No No Yes Yes d. Result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely affecting a substantial number of people? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 53 2 of 63 7 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 27 Previous CEQA Analysis Air Quality Findings The 2024 SEIR identified a less than significant impact related to a conflict with or obstruction of the San Diego Regional Air Quality Strategy or State Implementation Plan (AQ-1) with implementation of mitigation measure AQ-1. The 2024 SEIR identified that although mitigation measure AQ-2 would reduce operational emissions from future development, it would be speculative to quantify such emissions until details of the individual projects are known and concluded impacts to be significant and unavoidable (AQ-2). The 2024 SEIR identified a less than significant impact related to exposing offsite sensitive receptors to substantial pollution concentrations (AQ-3) with implementation of mitigation measure AQ-3 and mitigation measure AQ-4. The 2024 SEIR also identified a less than significant impact related to creating objectional odors (AQ-4) (Section 4.2, Air Quality). Addendum Analysis The implementation of the CAP Update measures and actions would result in short-term and long- term changes related to air quality as described below. Construction activities associated with the implementation of the CAP Update, such as equipment use, construction of new facilities or retrofitting of existing facilities, would result in construction-related air quality emissions. The types of construction activities associated with the CAP Update would vary depending on the type of CAP Update measure. Examples of activities that would result from implementation of the CAP Update measures include construction of new EV charging stations, public zero emission vehicle and bicycle charging infrastructure, building efficiency retrofits, roundabouts or traffic circles, new and improved bicycle infrastructure, new solar carports, and water and wastewater system improvements (e.g., Measures T-1, T-2, T-3, T-4, T-5, T-8, T-9, E-3.3, W-1, and W-2). These construction activities would involve using construction equipment and vehicles to remove existing pavement; repave roadway surfaces; paint or restripe pavement; modify curbs; lay concrete, and install traffic signals, lighting, landscaping, street furniture, and other amenities. These construction activities would be completed by workers located in the city and surrounding areas in the San Diego region. Construction activities resulting from implementation of the CAP Update would generate emissions of ROG, NOX, PM10, and PM2.5 associated with off-road equipment use (i.e. excavators, front loaders, pavers, dump trucks, cranes, and backhoes), material and equipment delivery trips, worker commute trips, and other miscellaneous activities. Construction activities would be relatively small in scale, occur intermittently in different locations throughout the city, last for only short periods of time, and would not require substantial relocation of construction workers from areas outside of the city and the San Diego region. The CAP Update includes measures that would reduce air pollutant emissions during construction activities. For example, measure OR-2 would increase the use of renewable and alternative fuel construction equipment, while Measure T-9 would establish city fleet regulations for idling, thus reducing construction vehicle idling time and further reducing construction related air pollutant emissions. Due to the non-intensive, sporadic, and dispersed nature of these construction activities, emissions of criteria air pollutants would not occur in concentrations which would exceed SDAPCD thresholds and would therefore be consistent with the goals of the San Diego Regional Air Quality Strategy or State Implementation Plan. Therefore, mitigation measure AQ-1 identified in the SEIR would not apply to the construction related air pollutant emissions of the CAP Update. Mitigation measure AQ-1 identified in the SEIR applies specifically to the construction impacts associated with housing development projects permitted under implementation of the Housing Element Update, and would therefore not apply to the CAP Update. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 533 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 28 Addendum The CAP Update includes several measures (T-4, T-5) that would reduce GHG and vehicle miles traveled (VMT) through the expansion of bicycle infrastructure, and increased connectivity of sidewalk networks. Although there would be a temporary, nominal amount of vehicle trips related to construction worker commute and equipment delivery associated with bike and sidewalk improvements and other construction activities resulting from CAP Update implementation, the CAP Update would not result in result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non-attainment under an applicable federal or State ambient air quality standard. Therefore, mitigation measure AQ-2 identified in the SEIR would not apply to the CAP Update. Measures that would result in new zero emission vehicle and bicycle charging stations (T-8), roundabouts (T-1), improved bicycle infrastructure (T-4), solar carports (E-3.3) would result in minor criteria air pollutant and TAC emissions during construction. It is unlikely that these types of activities would be of the size, intensity, or duration to exceed SDAPCD thresholds of significance or to emit substantial TAC concentrations. Measure WD-1 would increase the diversion of solid and organic waste from landfills which could lead to increased haul truck trips to and from composting and recycling facilities; however, it is anticipated that these trips would displace the haul truck trips that would be diverted from the landfill. A substantial net increase in the number of haul truck trips and associated criteria air pollutant emissions within the city would not be anticipated. Furthermore, these haul truck trips would likely be infrequent and would not involve the trucks idling for extended periods of time near sensitive receptors. As such, implementation of the CAP Update would not expose off- site sensitive receptors to substantial pollution concentrations. Therefore, mitigation measures AQ-3 and AQ-4 identified in the SEIR would not apply to the CAP Update. Construction activities that would occur under CAP Update implementation would result in temporary generation of odorous emissions. However, consistent with the less than significant impact determination of the 2024 SEIR, given the temporary and intermittent nature of the impacts, and dissipation of odor, construction-related odor impacts would be minor. Furthermore, construction activities would be required to comply with SDAPCD Rule 51 (Nuisance), which regulates nuisance odors (SDAPCD 1976). Long-term changes resulting from implementation of the CAP Update would reduce GHG emissions generated within the city by implementing numerous transportation-, water-, waste-, and energy- related measures. For example, the implementation of the CAP Update would encourage the use of alternatively fueled vehicles through measures such as Measure T-8 which would involve installing and incentivizing public zero emission vehicle and bicycle infrastructure. This would reduce overall gasoline and fuel consumption, therefore reducing air pollutant emissions related to fossil fuel combustion. Other transportation-related measures such as Measures T-5, T-7, and T-10 would reduce VMT in the city by improving street connectivity, provide resources and incentives for alternative commutes, such as a carpool matching, and implement parking management strategies. Reducing VMT would reduce the emission of air pollutants by decreasing the consumption of fossil fuel in vehicles and reducing emissions related to tire and brake wear. Actions aimed at diverting and eliminating solid waste from disposal in landfills would generate compostable materials and demand for compost products (e.g., Measure WD-1), which would lead to a need for haul trucks to transport these materials. Truck trips for hauling of organic waste to processing facilities would be offset by reductions in truck trips to landfills. Organic waste collected in the city is recycled at a Republic Services composting facility in Otay (City of Carlsbad 2024). Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 534 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 29 Energy-related measures such as Measure E-3.1 would continue to implement and enforce the city’s reach code which is focused on requiring solar photovoltaic (PV) and other energy efficiency measures for new and existing nonresidential buildings, while Measure E-3.3 focuses on the installation of solar carports at city-owned parking lots. While these reduction measures were formulated to reduce GHGs, they would also improve overall air quality by reducing the emission of criteria air pollutants. A higher proportion of buildings powered by more efficient and/or renewable electric systems due to implementation of Measure E-3.1 would reduce natural gas combustion at nonresidential land uses within the city, which would also reduce local criteria air pollution. The effects associated with the reduction of air pollutant emissions in the city and SDAPCD would be largely beneficial and would, by nature, reduce the concentration of air pollutants. Therefore, operational activities under implementation of the CAP Update would not result in the exceedance of SDAPCD thresholds and would be considered consistent with the goals of the San Diego Regional Air Quality Strategy or State Implementation Plan. Operational activities would also not violate air quality standards or contribute to an existing air quality violation because project-related emissions would not exceed SDAPCD thresholds or result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of criteria pollutants for which the region is nonattainment under applicable federal or State ambient air quality standards. The operation of the measures and actions in the CAP Update would not expose off-site sensitive receptors to substantial pollution concentrations. Measure WD-1 would result in increased odors from the anaerobic decomposition of composted waste and haul truck trips to composting facilities. These impacts would be avoided through implementation of an Odor Impact Minimization Plan (OIMP) as required by State regulation. Therefore, the CAP Update would not result in new emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely affecting a substantial number of people. Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to air quality. Implementation of mitigation measures AQ-1 through AQ-4 from the SEIR are not applicable to the air quality impacts of the CAP Update. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to air quality. Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR The SEIR identified mitigation measures AQ-1 through AQ-4 for air quality impacts. None of these mitigation measures are applicable to the CAP Update. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 535 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 30 Biological Resources CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or US Fish and Wildlife Service? Less than Significant with Mitigation MM BIO-1 MM BIO-2 No No No Yes Yes b. Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or US Fish and Wildlife Service? Less than Significant with Mitigation MM BIO-1 MM BIO-3 MM BIO-4 No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 53 6 of 63 7 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 31 CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? c. Have a substantial adverse effect on State or federally protected wetlands (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means? Less than Significant with Mitigation MM BIO-1 MM BIO-3 MM BIO-4 MM BIO-5 No No No Yes Yes d. Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites? Less than Significant with Mitigation MM BIO-1 MM BIO-3 MM BIO-4 No No No Yes Yes e. Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance? Less than Significant with Mitigation MM BIO-6 No No No Yes Yes f. Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or State habitat conservation plan? Less than Significant with Mitigation MM BIO-1 MM BIO-2 MM BIO-3 MM BIO-4 MM BIO-7 MM BIO-8 No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 53 7 of 63 7 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 32 Previous CEQA Analysis Biological Resources Findings The 2024 SEIR identified a less than significant impact related to a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or US Fish and Wildlife Service (BIO-1) with implementation of mitigation measures BIO- 1 and BIO-2. The 2024 SEIR identified a less than significant impact to any riparian habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, regulations or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or US Fish and Wildlife Service (BIO-2) with implementation of mitigation measures BIO-1, BIO-3, and BIO-4. The 2024 SEIR identified a less than significant impact to State or federally protected wetlands (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) (BIO-3) with implementation of mitigation measures BIO-1, BIO-3, BIO-4, and BIO-5. The 2024 SEIR identified a less than significant impact to interfering substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impeding the use of native wildlife nursery sites (BIO-4) with implementation of mitigation measures BIO-1, BIO-3, and BIO-4. The 2024 SEIR identified a less than significant impact related to conflicts with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance (BIO-5) with implementation of mitigation measure BIO-6. The 2024 SEIR identified a less than significant impact related to conflicts with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or State habitat conservation plan (BIO-6) with implementation of mitigation measures BIO-1, BIO-2, BIO-3, BIO-4, BIO-7 and BIO-8 (Section 4.3, Biological Resources). Addendum Analysis Implementation of the CAP Update would include measures and actions that involve construction and ground disturbing activities, including minor grading and excavation. For example, Measures T-1, T-4, T- 5, T-8, and T-9 would involve removing existing pavement; repaving roadway surfaces; painting or restriping pavement; modifying curbs; laying concrete, and installing traffic signals, lighting, landscaping, and trees. Some of these improvements, such as Measures E-3.3, W-1, and W-2, would require limited ground disturbance from construction activities. The CAP Update consists of minor improvements and building retrofits within the city and construction activities would occur in previously disturbed, developed areas such as roadways and parking lots that lack natural habitat and where candidate, sensitive, or special-status species or their habitats are not present. Therefore, implementation of the CAP Update would not cause a substantial adverse direct or indirect effect to special-status species. Because implementation of the CAP Update would occur in previously disturbed, developed areas, implementation of the CAP Update would not occur in areas where riparian habitat or other sensitive natural communities, protected wetlands, wildlife corridors, and protected biological resources are present. Furthermore, implementation of mitigation measure BIO-2 would reduce any impacts to candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or US Fish and Wildlife Service because the pre-construction bird surveys would ensure that active nests are identified and as necessary avoided. Implementation of mitigation measure BIO-2 would also reduce conflicts with the city’s Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or State habitat conservation plans because it would assure compliance with the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) and California Fish and Game Code (CFGC) Section 3503. Implementation of mitigation measure BIO-6 would reduce any conflicts with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance because it would require a project-specific tree survey to determine measures to address impacts such as avoidance, minimization, restoration, or compensation. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 538 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 33 Because duration of construction activities would be limited to relatively short periods, their temporary effects on biological resources would not be substantial. Long-term changes resulting from implementation of CAP Update measures would include improvements at or near grade level of existing roadways, as well as minor changes to traffic intersections and walkways (through implementation of Measures T-1, T-4, T-5, T-8, and T-9), improvements to water and wastewater systems (Measures W-1 and W-2), planting of trees (through implementation of Measure CS-1). Implementation of Measures T-1, T-4, T-5, T-8, and T-9 would also result in the installation of new sidewalks, new and upgraded bikeways and walkways along existing developed roadways and rights-of-way in the city, and the installation of roundabouts or control traffic within the intersections of existing developed roadways. The CAP Update would not result in physical improvements or effects that would result in substantial long-term damage to biological resources. Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to biological resources. Implementation of mitigation measures BIO-1, BIO-3, BIO-4, BIO-5, BIO-7, and BIO-8 from the SEIR are not applicable to the CAP Update. Implementation of mitigation measure BIO-2 would ensure a less-than-significant impact to special-status biological resources. Implementation of mitigation measure BIO-6 would ensure a less-than-significant impact for conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to biological resources. Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR The CAP Update would not result in more significant impacts related to biological resources. Mitigation Measures BIO-2 and BIO-6 from the 2024 SEIR would apply to the CAP Update and ensure CAP Update impacts related to biological resources are less than significant. BIO-2 Pre-Construction Bird Surveys, Avoidance, and Notification If construction activities are initiated during the bird nesting season (February 1 – August 31) involving removal of vegetation or other nesting bird habitat, including abandoned structures and other man- made features, a pre-construction nesting bird survey shall be conducted no more than three days prior to initiation of ground disturbance and vegetation removal activities. The nesting bird pre- construction survey shall be conducted on foot and shall include a 300-foot survey buffer around the construction site. The survey shall be conducted by a biologist familiar with the identification of avian species known to occur in southern California coastal communities (i.e., qualified biologist). If active nests are found, an avoidance buffer shall be determined by a qualified biologist in coordination with the city. The avoidance buffer width will depend upon the species, the proposed work activity, and existing disturbances associated with land uses outside of the site, which shall be demarcated by the biologist with bright orange construction fencing, flagging, construction lathe, or other means to demarcate the boundary. All construction personnel shall be notified as to the existence of the buffer zone and to avoid entering the buffer zone during the nesting season. No ground disturbing activities shall occur within the buffer until the biologist has confirmed that breeding/nesting is completed, and the young have fledged the nest. Encroachment into the buffer shall occur only at the discretion of the qualified biologist on the basis that the encroachment will not be detrimental to an active nest. A report summarizing the pre-construction survey(s) shall be prepared by a qualified biologist and shall be submitted to the city prior to the commencement of construction activities. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 539 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 34 BIO-6 Protected Tree and Tree Canopy Survey Prior to the issuance of a grading permit, a tree survey shall be conducted by a certified arborist prior to project construction to tag and assess all trees subject to the city’s Trees and Shrubs Ordinance (Municipal Code Title 11.12) and/or CFMP. A city arborist will inspect the property and recommend approving or denying the application in a written report submitted to the City Manager. The city shall post a letter of notification and a non-removable marking upon the subject tree a minimum of 30 days prior to its removal. The letter will be posted in a prominent location, visible from a public street and will include, the location of the tree, the reason for the trees removal, the date of the scheduled removal, the species of tree to be replanted, the size of the tree to be replanted, the date by which an appeal must be made to the parks and recreation commission, and a description of the appeal process. The following measures shall be implemented in addition to those required under the city’s permits required for tree removal and maintenance ordinance Guidelines (Municipal Code Title 11.12.090) to avoid and/or compensate for potential indirect impacts to preserved sensitive natural communities and protected trees within Carlsbad before, during, and following construction activities. PRE-CONSTRUCTION • Fencing. Protective fencing at least three feet high with signs and flagging shall be erected around all preserved sensitive natural communities where adjacent to proposed vegetation clearing and grubbing, grading, or other construction activities. The protective fence shall be installed at a minimum of five feet beyond the tree canopy dripline. The intent of protection fencing is to prevent inadvertent limb/vegetation damage, root damage and/or compaction by construction equipment. The protective fencing shall be depicted on all construction plans and maps provided to contractors and labeled clearly to prohibit entry, and the placement of the fence in the field shall be approved by a qualified biologist prior to initiation of construction activities. The contractor shall maintain the fence to keep it upright, taut and aligned at all times. Fencing shall be removed only after all construction activities are completed. • Pre-Construction Meeting. A pre-construction meeting shall be held between all site contractors and a registered consulting arborist and/or a qualified biologist. All site contractors and their employees shall provide written acknowledgement of their receiving sensitive natural community protection training. This training shall include, but shall not be limited to, the following information: (1) the location and marking of protected sensitive natural communities; (2) the necessity of preventing damage to these sensitive natural communities; and (3) a discussion of work practices that shall accomplish such. DURING CONSTRUCTION • Fence Monitoring. The protective fence shall be monitored regularly (at least weekly) during construction activities to ensure that the fencing remains intact and functional, and that no encroachment has occurred into the protected natural community; any repairs to the fence or encroachment correction shall be conducted immediately. • Equipment Operation and Storage. Contractors shall avoid using heavy equipment around the sensitive natural communities. Operating heavy machinery around the root zones of trees would increase soil compaction, which decreases soil aeration and, subsequently, reduces water penetration into the soil. All heavy equipment and vehicles shall, at minimum, stay out of the fenced protected zones, unless where specifically approved in writing and under the supervision of a registered consulting arborist and/or a qualified biologist. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 540 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 35 • Materials Storage and Disposal. Contractors shall not store or discard any construction materials within the fenced protected zones and shall remove all foreign debris within these areas. The contractors shall leave the duff, mulch, chips, and leaves around the retained trees for water retention and nutrient supply. Contractors shall avoid draining or leakage of equipment fluids near retained trees. Fluids such as gasoline, diesel, oils, hydraulics, brake and transmission fluids, paint, paint thinners, and glycol (anti-freeze) shall be disposed of properly. The contractors shall ensure that equipment be parked at least 50 feet, and that equipment/vehicle refueling occur at least 100 feet, from fenced protected zones to avoid the possibility of leakage of equipment fluids into the soil. • Grade Changes. Contractors shall ensure that grade changes, including adding fill, shall not be permitted within the fenced protected zone without special written authorization and under supervision by a registered consulting arborist and/or a qualified biologist. Lowering the grade within the fenced protected zones could necessitate cutting main support and feeder roots, thus jeopardizing the health and structural integrity of the tree(s). Adding soil, even temporarily, on top of the existing grade could compact the soil further, and decrease both water and air availability to the tree roots. Contractors shall ensure that grade changes made outside of the fenced protected zone shall not create conditions that allow water to pond. • Trenching. Except where specifically approved in writing beforehand, all trenching shall be outside of the fenced protected zone. Roots primarily extend in a horizontal direction forming a support base to the tree similar to the base of a wineglass. Where trenching is necessary in areas that contain roots from retained trees, contractors shall use trenching techniques that include the use of either a root pruner (Dosko root pruner or equivalent) or an Air-Spade to limit root impacts. An International Society of Arboriculture (ISA) certified arborist or American Society of Consulting Arborists (ASCA) registered consulting arborist shall ensure that all pruning cuts shall be clean and sharp, to minimize ripping, tearing, and fracturing of the root system. Root damage caused by backhoes, earthmovers, dozers, or graders is severe and may ultimately result in tree mortality. Use of both root pruning and Air-Spade equipment shall be accompanied only by hand tools to remove soil from trench locations. The trench shall be made no deeper than necessary. • Erosion Control. Appropriate erosion control best management practices (BMPs) shall be implemented to protect preserved sensitive natural communities during and following project construction. Erosion control materials shall be certified as weed free. • Inspection. An ISA certified arborist or ASCA registered consulting arborist shall inspect the preserved trees adjacent to grading and construction activity on a monthly basis for the duration of the grading and construction activities. A report summarizing site conditions, observations, tree health, and recommendations for minimizing tree damage shall be submitted by the registered consulting arborist following each inspection. POST-CONSTRUCTION • Mulch. The contractors shall ensure that the natural duff layer under all trees adjacent to construction activities shall be maintained. This would stabilize soil temperatures in root zones, conserve soil moisture, and reduce erosion. The contractors shall ensure that the mulch be kept clear of the trunk base to avoid creating conditions favorable to the establishment and growth of decay causing fungal pathogens. Should it be necessary to add organic mulch beneath retained oak trees, packaged or commercial oak leaf mulch shall not be used as it may Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 541 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 36 contain root fungus. Also, the use of redwood chips shall be avoided as certain inhibitive chemicals may be present in the wood. Other wood chips and crushed walnut shells can be used, but the best mulch that provides a source of nutrients for the tree is its own leaf litter. Any added organic mulch added by the contractors shall be applied to a maximum depth of 4 inches where possible. • Watering Adjacent Plant Material. All installed landscaping plants near the preserved sensitive natural communities shall require moderate to low levels of water. The surrounding plants shall be watered infrequently with deep soaks and allowed to dry out in-between, rather than frequent light irrigation. The soil shall not be allowed to become saturated or stay continually wet, nor should drainage allow ponding of water. Irrigation spray shall not hit the trunk of any tree. The contractors shall maintain a 30-inch dry-zone around all tree trunks. An above ground micro-spray irrigation system shall be used in lieu of typical underground pop- up sprays. • Monitoring. An ISA certified arborist or ASCA registered consulting arborist shall inspect the trees preserved on the site adjacent to construction activities for a period of two years following the completion of construction. Monitoring visits shall be completed quarterly, totaling eight visits. Following each monitoring visit, a report summarizing site conditions, observations, tree health, and recommendations for promoting tree health shall be submitted to the city. Additionally, any tree mortality shall be noted and any tree dying during the two-year monitoring period shall be replaced at a minimum 3:1 ratio on-site in coordination with the city. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 542 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 37 Cultural Resources CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource pursuant to §15064.5? Significant and Unavoidable None No No No Yes Yes b. Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to §15064.5? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes c. Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 54 3 of 63 7 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 38 Previous CEQA Analysis Cultural Resources Findings The 2024 SEIR identified a significant and unavoidable impact related to a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource pursuant to §15064.5 and identified no feasible mitigation measures (CUL-1). The 2024 SEIR identified a less than significant impact related to a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to §15064.5 (CUL-2). The 2024 SEIR also identified a less than significant impact for disturbing any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries (CUL-3) (Section 4.4, Cultural and Tribal Cultural Resources). Addendum Analysis Implementation of the CAP Update would result in physical changes to the environment that could occur in proximity to or involve encountering historical resources. For example, some improvements that result from the CAP Update, such as Measures T-1, T-4, T-5, T-8, T-9, CS-1, E-3.3, W-1, and W-2, would require limited ground disturbance. Energy efficiency improvements and building retrofits (Measure E-6) would involve minor changes to the exterior (e.g., rooftop solar panels) or interior (e.g., water heating and space heating and cooling systems) of existing buildings, and would not otherwise involve features with substantial height, bulk, or massing that would cause a substantial adverse change to a historic resource. Adherence to the relevant General Plan policies, the Historic Preservation Ordinance, and the relevant elements of the Carlsbad Cultural Resource Guidelines would protect historical resources from substantial adverse changes during CAP Update implementation. Because ground disturbance associated with the implementation of CAP Update Measures T-1, T-4, T- 5, T-8, T-9, CS-1, E-3.3, W-1, and W-2 would be limited to shallow depths, comprised of artificial fill or previously disturbed soils, archaeological resources are unlikely to be encountered. In addition, construction activities associated with CAP Update implementation would occur in already disturbed developed areas such as roadways and parking lots. Zero emission vehicle charging stations (Measure T-8) would be installed in new and existing developments, and roadway improvements such as roundabouts, traffic circles, walkways, and bicycle infrastructure would occur along existing developed roadways. In addition, tree planting associated with Measure CS-1 would likely occur within city parks and public rights-of-way. Furthermore, the Carlsbad Cultural Resource Guidelines addresses treatment of cultural resources to avoid substantial adverse effects should they be encountered during ground disturbance activities associated with the CAP Update. Therefore, with adherence to the Carlsbad Cultural Resource Guidelines, implementation of the CAP Update would not cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological resource pursuant to §15064.5. The Carlsbad Cultural Resource Guidelines Standard Treatment 11: Post-Review Discoveries section addresses treatment of human remains should they be disturbed as a result of ground disturbing activities. Moreover, human burials, in addition to being potential archaeological resources, have specific provisions for treatment in Public Resources Code (PRC) Section 5097. The California Health and Safety Code (Section 7050.5, 7051, and 7054) has specific provisions for the protection of human burial remains. Existing regulations address the illegality of interfering with human burial remains, and protect them from disturbance, vandalism, or destruction. They also include established procedures to be implemented if Native American skeletal remains are discovered. PRC Section 5097.98 also addresses the disposition of Native American burials, protects such remains, and provides for the establishment of the NAHC to resolve any related disputes. All development projects are also subject to State of California Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5 which states that, if human remains are unearthed, no further disturbance can occur until the county coroner has made the necessary findings as to the origin and disposition of the remains pursuant to the PRC Section 5097.98. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 544 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 39 If the remains are determined to be of Native American descent, the coroner has 24 hours to notify the Native American Heritage Commission which will determine and notify a most likely descendant (MLD). The MLD shall complete the inspection of the site and make recommendations to the landowner within 48 hours of being granted access. With adherence to these existing regulations as well as the Carlsbad Cultural Resource Guidelines, implementation of the CAP Update would not disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of formal cemeteries. Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to cultural resources. The 2024 SEIR identified a significant and unavoidable impact for cultural resources (CUL-1) and did not identify feasible mitigation measures. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to cultural resources. Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR There are no feasible mitigation measures from the 2024 SEIR to reduce impacts related to cultural resources. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 545 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 40 Energy CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Result in potentially significant environmental impact due to wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources, during project construction and operation? No Impact None No No No Yes Yes b. Conflict with or obstruct a State or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency? No Impact None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 54 6 of 63 7 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 41 Previous CEQA Analysis Energy Findings The 2024 SEIR identified no impact for the wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources, during project construction or operation or for conflicts with or obstruction of a State or local plan for renewable energy or energy efficiency (Section 4.16.2, Energy). Addendum Analysis Construction activities associated with implementation of the CAP Update measures and actions would result in short-term consumption of energy resulting from the use of construction equipment. The types of construction activities associated with the CAP Update would vary depending on the type of CAP Update measure. Examples of activities that would result from implementation of CAP Update measures include construction of new public zero emission vehicle and bicycle charging infrastructure, building efficiency retrofits, roundabouts or traffic circles, bicycle infrastructure, new solar carports, and water and wastewater system improvements (e.g., Measures T-1, T-2, T-3, T-4, T-5, T-8, T-9, E-3.3, W-1, and W-2). These activities would consume energy resources such as electricity, fuels, and non- renewable resources during construction. In addition, construction materials require energy to be produced, and would likely be used in projects that involve new construction or replacement of older materials. The California Green Building Standards Code (CALGreen) includes specific requirements related to recycling, construction materials, and energy efficiency standards, which would apply to construction projects envisioned by the CAP Update and help to minimize waste and energy consumption. Although implementation of the CAP Update would result in short-term construction activities that would consume energy resources, standard best management practices would discourage unnecessary idling and the operation of poorly maintained equipment during construction. In addition, the CAP Update includes measures that would reduce nonrenewable energy consumption during construction activities. For example, Measure OR-2 would increase the use of renewable and alternative fuel construction equipment, while Measure T-9 would establish city fleet regulations for idling, thus reducing construction vehicle idling time and further reducing construction related energy consumption. Implementation of the CAP Update would improve operational energy efficiency and reduce the use of fossil fuels, for example through measures which reduce VMT (Measure T-2) and encourage zero emission vehicle use (Measure T-8), as well as measures which facilitate the increased generation and utilization of renewable energy Measures E-1 through E-6). The measures and actions in the CAP Update reduce GHG emissions, primarily by improving energy efficiency and decreasing consumption of fossil fuels and nonrenewable energy consumption. Thus, implementation of the CAP Update would not result in wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy, consistent with the SEIR findings. Where applicable, measures and actions associated with the CAP Update would be required to comply with CALGreen, the latest California Building Code (CBC) requirements, including CBC Energy Efficiency Standards, as well as all federal, State, and local rules and regulations pertaining to energy consumption and conservation. Through implementation of city policies as delineated in the city’s General Plan, and concurrent implementation of the CAP Update, measures and actions would support the San Diego Regional Energy Strategy renewable energy goals and would not conflict with any applicable plan, policy, or regulation adopted regarding renewable energy or energy efficiency. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 547 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 42 Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to energy. The 2024 SEIR did not identify significant energy impacts and did not identify mitigation measures. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to energy. Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR There are no mitigation measures from the 2024 SEIR identified to reduce impacts related to energy. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 548 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 43 Geology and Soils CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving: i. Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? Refer to Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 42. Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes ii. Strong seismic ground shaking? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes iii. Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes iv. Landslides? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 54 9 of 63 7 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 44 CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? b. Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes c. Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, or collapse? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes d. Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 1-B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial direct or indirect risks to life or property? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes e. Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of wastewater? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes f. Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 55 0 of 63 7 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 45 Previous CEQA Analysis Geology and Soils Findings The 2024 SEIR identified less than significant impacts for the risk of loss, injury, or death involving rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault (GEO-1); and for the risk of loss, injury, or death involving strong seismic ground shaking, seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction or landslides (GEO-2). The 2024 SEIR also identified less than significant impacts for substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil (GEO-3) and for on or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse, and location on expansive soils creating substantial direct or indirect risks to life or property (GEO-4). The 2024 SEIR identified less than significant impacts for soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of wastewater (GEO-5) and for the project to directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature (GEO-6) (Section 4.5, Geology and Soils). Addendum Analysis Measures and actions associated with the CAP Update include improvements to energy infrastructure (Measures E-1 through E-6), development of roundabouts (Measure T-1), bicycle infrastructure (Measure T-4), pedestrian infrastructure (Measure T-5), and improvements to water and wastewater infrastructure (Measures W-1, W-2). The measures identified in the CAP Update do not propose new housing nor do they propose changes to policies or regulations related to land use or residential zoning. Therefore, the CAP Update would not result in the risk of loss, injury, or death involving rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault or result in the risk of loss, injury, or death involving strong seismic ground shaking, seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction or landslides. The CAP Update would not result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil or result in on or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse, and location on expansive soils creating substantial direct or indirect risks to life or property. The measures and actions in the CAP Update would not require use of septic tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of wastewater. Implementation of the CAP Update would include measures and actions (Measures T-1, T-4, T-5, T-8, T- 9, CS-1, E-3.3, W-1, and W-2) that involve ground disturbing activities which could encounter paleontological resources in areas with moderate to high sensitivity. While encountering paleontological resources is possible during CAP Update implementation, it is unlikely because of the shallow depth of below ground disturbance associated with activities such as trenching to install zero emission vehicle and bicycle charging infrastructure and making improvements to public roadway rights-of-way to support walking and biking. For measures and actions requiring ground disturbance in areas underlain by sensitive geologic units, the Carlsbad Cultural Resource Guidelines require a review of primary literature and online databases, a paleontological assessment of the project area (plus a one-mile radius) by the San Diego Museum of Natural History, and a field survey to determine if paleontological resources or potentially fossiliferous sediments are present (if the sensitive sediments are exposed at the surface). The results of these analyses are used to create a Paleontological Assessment Report which will provide recommendations to mitigate impacts to paleontological resources, if necessary. The Carlsbad Cultural Resource Guidelines set forth mitigation measures. Additionally, General Plan policies 7-P.7 through 7-P.11 of the Arts, History, Culture, and Education Element would reduce impacts to paleontological resources by implementing the Carlsbad Cultural Resource Guidelines; requiring monitoring of ground-disturbing activities in areas known to contain Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 551 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 46 paleontological resources; and ensuring proper treatment and consultation of paleontological resources discovered during ground-disturbing activities. With compliance with these guidelines and General Plan policies, implementation of the CAP Update would not directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique geologic feature. Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to geology and soils. The 2024 SEIR did not identify significant geology and soils impacts and did not identify mitigation measures. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to geology and soils. Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR There are no mitigation measures from the 2024 SEIR identified to reduce impacts related to geology and soils. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 552 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 47 Greenhouse Gas Emissions CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment? Significant and Unavoidable GHG-1 No No No Yes Yes b. Conflict with an applicable plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases? Significant and Unavoidable GHG-1 No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 55 3 of 63 7 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 48 Previous CEQA Analysis Greenhouse Gas Emissions Findings The 2024 SEIR identified a significant and unavoidable impact for generating greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment and for conflicting with an applicable plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases (GHG-1). It identifies Mitigation Measure GHG-1, which requires the preparation of this CAP Update to reduce the GHG emissions impacts identified in the 2024 SEIR (Section 4.6, Greenhouse Gas Emissions). Addendum Analysis The CAP Update establishes measures and actions that would reduce GHG emissions in Carlsbad to levels that achieve its GHG reduction targets, which are aligned with the State’s GHG reduction goals. The city’s 2035 target requires GHG emissions to be reduced 50 percent below 2016 levels (aligned with and extrapolated from SB 32) and reduced to 85 percent below 2016 levels by 2045 (aligned with AB 1279). The CAP Update measures and actions would meet the city’s GHG reduction targets. In addition, implementation of the CAP Update would result in physical changes to the environment that would involve short-term physical changes that could result in GHG emissions. Several of the measures and actions identified in the CAP Update promote construction of new facilities or retrofitting of existing facilities that would generate construction-related GHG emissions. Some examples of activities that would generate construction-related GHG emissions include retrofitting of existing buildings and developments to transition to renewable energy generation (Measures E-1, E-6, W-1, and W-2), constructing roundabouts or traffic circles (Measure T-1), installation of solar carports (Measure E-3.3), installation of zero emission vehicle charging stations (Measure T-8), improvements to pedestrian and bicycling infrastructure (Measures T-5 and T-4), and implementation of activities related to urban tree planting (Measure CS-1). Implementation of the CAP Update would reduce overall GHG emissions generated within the city, for example by encouraging the use of alternative fuels in vehicles and equipment (Measures T-8, OR-1, and OR-2), reducing VMT (Measures T-5, T-7, and T-10), improving energy efficiency (Measures E-1 through E-6), reducing waste generation (Measure WD-1), and increasing carbon sequestration (Measure CS-1). In addition, measures that support energy efficiency and renewable energy generation would reduce GHG emissions at power plants generating electricity that serve the city. Thus, any temporary GHG emissions would be offset by the overall net benefit of GHG emissions reduction after implementation of the CAP Update. Therefore, implementation of the CAP Update would not generate GHG emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment, nor would implementation of the CAP Update conflict with an applicable plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of GHGs. Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to GHG emissions. Implementation of Mitigation Measure GHG-1, which requires preparation of the CAP Update evaluated in this Addendum No. 1, would be satisfied by preparation of the CAP Update, and therefore is not applicable to actions implementing the CAP Update. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to GHG emissions. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 554 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 49 Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR The CAP Update satisfies the requirements of 2024 SEIR mitigation measure GHG-1; no other mitigation measures related to GHG emissions impacts are identified in the 2024 SEIR. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 555 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 50 Hazards and Hazardous Materials CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes b. Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes c. Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 55 6 of 63 7 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 51 CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? d. Be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous material sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes e. For a project located within an airport land use plan area, or where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project result in a safety hazard or excessive noise for people residing or working in the project area? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes f. Impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 55 7 of 63 7 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 52 Previous CEQA Analysis Hazards and Hazardous Materials Findings The 2024 SEIR identified less than significant impacts for the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials and reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials (HAZ-1); emitting or handling hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school (HAZ-2); being located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and creating a significant hazard to the public or the environment (HAZ-3); being located within an airport land use plan or within two miles of a public airport or public use airport and resulting in a safety hazard or excessive noise for people residing or working in the project area (HAZ- 4); and for impairing implementation of or physically interfering with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan (HAZ-5) (Section 4.7, Hazards and Hazardous Materials). Addendum Analysis The implementation of the CAP Update measures and actions would result in short-term and long- term changes related to hazards and hazardous materials as described below. Construction activities and routine maintenance associated with implementation of the CAP Update would result in short-term, temporary changes to hazards and hazardous materials conditions in the city. Although the types of construction activities associated with the CAP Update would vary depending on the type of CAP Update measure, they could result in an increase in the overall routine, transport, use and disposal of hazardous materials in the city for construction activities. For example, Measures T-1, T-4, T-5, T-8, and T-9 would involve removing existing pavement; repaving roadway surfaces; painting or restriping pavement; modifying curbs; laying concrete, and installing traffic signals, lighting, landscaping, street furniture, and other amenities. Construction activities would be short-term and temporary and would be required to comply with relevant federal, State, and local regulations that require strict adherence to guidelines regarding the safe use, transportation, and disposal of hazardous materials as well as ensuring the reduction of the potential for humans or the environment to be affected by an accidental release of hazardous materials. Enforcement of these regulatory standards would ensure that the measures and actions facilitated by implementation of the CAP Update would not create a significant hazard through reasonably foreseeable upset and/or accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment. Compliance with applicable regulations would ensure that any hazardous materials used during the implementation of the CAP Update would not result in hazardous emissions within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school. Some improvements as a result of the CAP Update, such as Measures E-3.3, W-1, and W-2, would require limited ground disturbance which could result in the release of contaminants into the environment, if they are present in the underlying soils and/or groundwater. In the event that CAP Update implementation results in ground disturbance, any residual contamination that is encountered would be remediated to allowable regulatory levels in accordance with applicable county and State regulations before any ground-disturbing activities are permitted to occur. Therefore, implementation of the CAP Update would not result in a significant hazard to the public or the environment due to being located on a hazardous materials site. The McClellan–Palomar Airport is located near the center of the city and has a Land Use Compatibility Plan (ALUCP) developed and adopted by the San Diego County Airport Land Use Commission in 2010 and last amended in 2011 (San Diego County Regional Airport Authority 2011). The CAP Update measures and actions would not result in new or relocated residential land uses, other types of noise- Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 558 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 53 sensitive receptors, or new places of permanent employment where residents or workers could be exposed to a safety hazard or excessive noise. Therefore, implementation of the CAP Update would not expose residents or workers to a safety hazard or excessive noise levels. Long-term changes resulting from implementation of CAP Update measures and actions would include improvements at or near grade level of existing roadways, new and upgraded bikeways and sidewalks along existing developed roadways and rights-of-way in the city, the installation of roundabouts or traffic circles to control traffic within the intersections of existing developed roadways, and the installation of zero emission charging infrastructure (through implementation of Measures T-1, T-4, T- 5, T-8, and T-9). However, these improvements would not adversely affect the capacity of roadways during an emergency or evacuation. CAP Update Measure T-1, which encourages the installation of roundabouts, would reduce congestion, thus increasing traffic flow and the ability to evacuate during an emergency. Furthermore, the CAP Update measures and actions would comply with the San Diego County Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) and the California Fire Code. Therefore, implementation of the CAP Update would not impair or interfere with adopted emergency response or evacuation plans. Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to hazards and hazardous materials. The 2024 SEIR did not identify significant hazards and hazardous material impacts and did not identify mitigation measures. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to hazards and hazardous material. Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR There are no mitigation measures from the 2024 SEIR identified to reduce impacts related to hazards and hazardous materials. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 559 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 54 Hydrology and Water Quality CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements or otherwise substantially degrade surface or ground water quality? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes b. Substantially decrease groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge, such that the project may impede sustainable groundwater management of the basin? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 56 0 of 63 7 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 55 CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? c. Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river or through the addition of impervious surfaces in a manner which would: i. result in substantial erosion or siltation, on- or off-site; ii. substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding on- or offsite; iii. create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial sources of polluted runoff; or iv. impede or redirect flood flows? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes d. In flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones, risk release of pollutants due to project inundation? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 56 1 of 63 7 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 56 CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? e. Conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 56 2 of 63 7 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 57 Previous CEQA Analysis Hydrology and Water Quality Findings The 2024 SEIR identified less than significant impacts related to the violation of water quality standards, waste discharge requirements (WDR’s), or otherwise degradation of surface or ground water quality (HYD-1); decreasing groundwater supplies or interfering with groundwater recharge (HYD-2); altering the existing drainage patterns through the alteration of the course of a stream or river or through the addition of impervious surfaces resulting in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site, increasing the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding on- or off-site, or creating or contributing runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff (HYD-3); impede or redirect flood flows or in flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones risk release of pollutants due to project inundation (HYD-4); conflicts with or obstruction of implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater management plan (HYD-5) (Section 4.8, Hydrology and Water Quality). Addendum Analysis The implementation of the CAP Update measures and actions would result in short-term and long- term changes related to hydrology and water quality as described below. The CAP Update measures involving construction activity would require minor grading, excavation, and other ground disturbance associated with removing existing pavement; repaving roadway surfaces; painting or restriping pavement; modifying curbs; laying concrete, and installing traffic signals, lighting, landscaping, street furniture, and other amenities (through implementation of Measures T-1, T-4, T-5, T-8, and T-9). Measures E-3.3, W-1, W-2, and CS-1 would also involve ground- disturbing activities, which could, depending on their location, potentially cause soil erosion which in turn can contaminate nearby surface water. However, implementation of the measures and actions in the CAP Update would be required to comply with State and local water quality regulations designed to control erosion and protect water quality during construction. This includes compliance with the requirements of the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) Construction General Permit, which requires preparation and implementation of a Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) for projects that disturb one acre or more of land. Erosion and sediment controls identified in the SWPPP would substantially reduce the amount of soil disturbance, erosion, and sediment transport into receiving waters, and pollutants in site runoff during construction. The CMC also sets forth requirements and BMPs pertaining to the mitigation of erosion, sediment control and runoff as outlined in CMC Chapter 15.12 and Chapter 15.16. Through compliance with all applicable regulations and permits, implementation of the CAP Update would not violate any water quality standards or WDRs or otherwise substantially degrade water quality; substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river or through the addition of impervious surfaces, in a manner which would result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site, increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding on- or off-site, or create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff. The CAP Update measures and actions involving ground disturbing activities (Measures T-1, T-4, T-5, T-8, T-9, E-3.3, W-1, W-2, CS-1) could require the use of water for dust abatement as needed via a water truck. However, the ground disturbing activities would be temporary and intermittent and would not involve the substantial use of groundwater or otherwise affect recharge such that there would be a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering of the local groundwater table level. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 563 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 58 Furthermore, implementation of the CAP Update would not involve development of residential land uses or other types of land development or induce population growth in an area that would increase water demand. In addition, the city requires new construction and redevelopment to use low impact development (LID) techniques. These techniques would ensure that pervious surfaces are incorporated into development that would be facilitated by the project. Therefore, implementation of the CAP Update would not decrease groundwater supplies or interfere with groundwater recharge. Long-term changes resulting from implementation of the CAP Update measures would include improvements at or near grade level of existing roadways, as well as minor changes to traffic intersections and walkways (through implementation of Measures T-1, T-4, T-5, T-8, and T-9), improvements to water and wastewater systems (Measures W-1 and W-2), and the planting of trees (through implementation of Measure CS-1). The CMC requires BMPs to control the volume, rate, and potential pollutant load of stormwater runoff from new development and redevelopment projects as a requirement of the Municipal Stormwater Permit. Furthermore, the city’s LID ordinance in Chapter 15.12.080 aims to specifically reduce the amount of surface runoff and aid in groundwater recharge through techniques such as infiltration, evapotranspiration, bioretention and/or rainfall harvest and additional uses in accordance with the requirements set forth in the MS4 permit and the LID standards manual. Given compliance with the above regulations and requirements, implementation of the CAP Update would not alter the existing drainage patterns or contribute runoff water in a manner which would result in substantial erosion, siltation, or flooding, nor would it exceed the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems. Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to hydrology and water quality. The 2024 SEIR did not identify significant hydrology and water quality impacts and did not identify mitigation measures. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to hydrology and water quality. Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR There are no mitigation measures from the 2024 SEIR identified to reduce impacts related to hydrology and water quality. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 564 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 59 Land Use and Planning CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Physically divide an established community? No Impact None No No No Yes Yes b. Cause a significant environmental impact due to a conflict with any land use plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 56 5 of 63 7 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 60 Previous CEQA Analysis Land Use and Planning Findings The 2024 SEIR identified no impact for physically dividing an established community (LU-1) and a less than significant impact for conflicts with any land use plan, policy, or regulation (LU-2) (Section 4.9, Land Use and Planning). Addendum Analysis Implementation of the CAP Update would not result in physical improvements that could physically divide a community. For example, measures resulting in construction of roundabouts or traffic circles (T-1) and bikeways (T-4) would reduce vehicle congestion and encourage bicycle trips, which would increase community connectivity and access. Implementation of Measure T-5 would also increase community connectivity and access by adding 6.1 miles of sidewalk to existing infrastructure and increasing the connectivity of sidewalk networks. As such, the CAP Update measures and actions are intended to improve, rather than impair, community connectivity and access throughout the city. Therefore, implementation of the CAP Update would not result in construction of physical barriers that would physically divide an established community. The CAP Update measures and actions would include improvements to the city’s existing pedestrian, bicycle, and transit network within developed areas (Measures T-1, T-3, T-4, and T-5). Implementation of the CAP Update would not change existing land uses and would comply with all applicable land use plans, policies, and regulations, including SANDAG’s 2021 Regional Plan and the city’s 2015 General Plan. Therefore, implementation of the CAP Update would not cause a significant environmental impact due to a conflict with any land use plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect. Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to land use and planning. The 2024 SEIR did not identify significant land use and planning impacts and did not identify mitigation measures. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to land use and planning. Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR There are no mitigation measures from the 2024 SEIR identified to reduce impacts related to land use and planning. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 566 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 61 Mineral Resources CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the State? No Impact None No No No Yes Yes b. Result in the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan, or other land use plan? No Impact None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 56 7 of 63 7 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 62 Previous CEQA Analysis Mineral Resources Findings The 2024 SEIR identified no impacts to the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the State, or the loss of availability of a locally-important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan, or other land use plan (Section 4.16.3, Mineral Resources). Addendum Analysis Carlsbad does not have mineral resources of economic value or active mining sites (City of Carlsbad 2015), therefore the 2024 SEIR identified no impacts to the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the State, or the loss of availability of a locally-important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan, or other land use plan. Similarly, implementation of the CAP Update would not result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the State, or result in the loss of availability of a locally-important mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan, or other land use plan. Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to mineral resources. The 2024 SEIR did not identify significant mineral resources impacts and did not identify mitigation measures. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to mineral resources. Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR There are no mitigation measures from the 2024 SEIR identified to reduce impacts related to mineral resources. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 568 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 63 Noise CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Generation of a substantial temporary or permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies? Significant and Unavoidable (construction) Less than Significant (operation) MM NOI-1 No No No Yes Yes b. Generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels? Less than Significant with Mitigation MM NOI-2 No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 56 9 of 63 7 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 64 c. For a project located within the vicinity of a private airstrip or an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 57 0 of 63 7 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 65 Previous CEQA Analysis Noise Findings The 2024 SEIR identified that although mitigation measure NOI-1 would reduce construction noise impacts for projects located within 500 feet of noise-sensitive land uses, it conservatively concluded impacts to be significant and unavoidable related to construction activities generating a substantial temporary or permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies (NOI-1). The 2024 SEIR identified a less than significant impact related to operational activities generating a substantial temporary or permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies (NOI-2). The 2024 SEIR identified a less than significant impact related to the generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels (NOI- 3) with implementation of mitigation measure NOI-2. The 2024 SEIR also identified a less than significant impact related to excessive noise levels within the vicinity of a private airstrip or an airport land use plan or (NOI-4) (Section 4.10, Noise). Addendum Analysis The implementation of the CAP Update measures and actions would result in short-term changes related to noise as described below. Construction activities associated with the implementation of the CAP Update, such as equipment use, construction of new facilities or retrofitting of existing facilities, would result in construction-related noise in the city. The types of construction activities associated with the CAP Update would vary depending on the type of CAP Update measure. CAP Update measures that may result in the generation of noise associated with construction activities include construction of new public zero emission vehicle and bicycle charging infrastructure, building efficiency retrofits, roundabouts or traffic circles, bicycle infrastructure, new solar carports, and water and wastewater system improvements (e.g., Measures T-1, T-2, T-3, T-4, T-5, T-8, T-9, E-3.3, W-1, and W-2). Construction activities associated with CAP Update measures and actions may involve using construction equipment and vehicles to remove existing pavement; repave roadway surfaces; paint or restripe pavement; modify curbs; lay concrete, and install traffic signals, lighting, landscaping, street furniture, and other amenities. Construction equipment that could be used includes concrete saws for hardscape removal, backhoes or mini excavators, skip loaders, smooth drum rollers, dump trucks, and striping and paving machines, depending on the CAP Update measure. Construction activities associated with the CAP Update would be short-term and would not involve equipment or activities, such as blasting or pile driving that would result in the generation of a substantial temporary or permanent increase in ambient noise levels or the generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels. Construction activities associated with the implementation of the CAP Update would not include two subterranean levels or more (generally more than 20,000 cubic yards of excavated soil material), and would be short term, thus avoiding a construction duration of 18 months. Construction activities associated with the implementation of the CAP Update would not require use of large, heavy-duty equipment types used in housing development projects or require pile driving, therefore, mitigation measures NOI-1 andNOI-2 identified in the SEIR that were specific to impacts associated with housing development permitted under implementation of the Housing Element Update would not apply to the CAP Update. Implementation of the CAP Update would be subject to existing city noise policies and regulations and General Plan policies and programs, specifically those found in the Noise Element, and other local agency polices and regulations pertaining to noise at any development site. Compliance with Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 571 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 66 Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) standards for worker safety would minimize exposure of workers to excessive noise levels. Therefore, implementation of measures and actions included in the CAP Update would not create a permanent increase in ambient noise levels or produce a new permanent source of noise, and construction-related noise impacts would be reduced through enforcement of applicable city or other local agency noise policies. Long-term changes resulting from operation of the measures and actions in the CAP Update would not permanently introduce any new stationary sources of noise (e.g., machinery, pumps, fans, compressors, or other equipment) and would not generate new vehicle trips that would result in transportation- related noise. The transportation-related measures such as Measures T-5, T-7, and T-10 would reduce VMT in the city by improving street connectivity, provide resources and incentives for alternative commutes, such as a carpool matching, and implement parking management strategies. Reducing VMT would reduce transportation-related noise. Therefore, the CAP Update would not result in a substantial temporary or permanent increase in ambient noise levels in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies or in the generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels. The CAP Update does not propose any new sensitive receptors (e.g., residences, schools) that could be adversely impacted from noise associated with aircraft flyovers. Temporary construction workers would not be adversely affected by aircraft flyover as noise generated from construction equipment would be the dominant noise exposure to them, which is generally dealt with by wearing ear plugs to prevent hearing damage. Furthermore, long-term maintenance workers would not sleep on-site; thus, they would not be exposed to potential sleep disturbance from aircraft flyovers. Thus, implementation of the CAP Update would not expose people residing or working near an airport to excessive airport/aircraft noise. Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to noise. Implementation of mitigation measures NOI-1 and NOI-2 from the 2024 SEIR are not applicable to the CAP Update. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to noise. Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR The SEIR identified Mitigation Measures NOI-1 and NOI-2 for noise impacts. Neither of these mitigation measures are applicable to the CAP Update. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 572 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 67 Population and Housing CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Induce substantial unplanned population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of roads and other infrastructure)? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes b. Displace substantial numbers of existing housing or people, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 57 3 of 63 7 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 68 Previous CEQA Analysis Population and Housing Findings The 2024 SEIR identified less than significant impacts for unplanned population growth (PH-1) and substantial displacement of existing people or housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere (PH-2) (Section 4.11, Population and Housing). Addendum Analysis Construction activities associated with the implementation of the CAP Update could require a temporary increase in the number of construction workers traveling into the city to perform construction work. These types of projects would be small, short-term, and temporary construction projects, which would not require a large construction crew. Furthermore, construction workers would likely be from Carlsbad or the greater San Diego region and permanent, substantial relocation of workers would not be required. Therefore, implementation of the CAP Update would not result in substantial population growth or employment growth in the city. Implementation of the CAP Update would not displace people or housing because the measures and actions in the CAP Update would not require the removal of existing housing and would not propose changes to policies or regulations related to land use or residential zoning or otherwise increase population growth in the city or surrounding areas. Therefore, implementation of the CAP Update would not displace substantial numbers of existing people or housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere. Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to population and housing. The 2024 SEIR did not identify significant population and housing impacts and did not identify mitigation measures. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to population and housing. Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR There are no mitigation measures from the 2024 SEIR identified to reduce impacts related to population and housing. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 574 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 69 Public Services CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered government facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times, or other performance objectives for any of the public services: • Fire? • Police protection? • Schools? • Parks? • Other public facilities? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 57 5 of 63 7 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 70 Previous CEQA Analysis Public Services Findings The 2024 SEIR identified less than significant impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered government facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times, or other performance objectives for any of the public services, including fire protection services (PS-1), police protection services (PS-2), and schools (PS-3) (Section 4.12, Public Services and Recreation). Addendum Analysis The CAP Update would not generate new or increased demand for fire protection services or interfere with or modify the ability of police and fire protection services to meet performance objectives or response times outlined in the 2024 SEIR. The CAP Update does not include development of new residences or the creation of substantial numbers of permanent jobs requiring increased fire or police services. The CAP Update would not induce population growth in the community that would require school services, new or expanded park facilities, other public facilities. The measures and actions from the CAP Update would not generate increased demand for public services such that construction of new or expanded facilities would be required to maintain adequate service ratios. Therefore, implementation of the CAP Update would not result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities. Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to public services. The 2024 SEIR did not identify significant public services impacts and did not identify mitigation measures. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to public services. Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR There are no mitigation measures from the 2024 SEIR identified to reduce impacts related to public services. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 576 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 71 Recreation CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Would the project increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks, or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes b. Does the project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 57 7 of 63 7 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 72 Previous CEQA Analysis Recreation Findings The 2024 SEIR identified less than significant impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered parks, or the need for new or physically altered parks, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios or other performance objectives (PS-4). The 2024 SEIR identified less than significant impacts related to the increase in use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated and for including recreational facilities or requiring the construction or expansion of recreational facilities which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment (PS-4) (Section 4.12, Public Services and Recreation). Addendum Analysis The CAP Update would not generate new or increased demand for parks and recreation facilities. Typically, this impact occurs when a project induces population growth, such as new development or a business that would necessitate a large number of new employees. The CAP Update does not include development of new residences or the creation of substantial numbers of permanent jobs. Therefore, implementation of the CAP Update would not result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered park facilities. Implementation of the CAP Update would also not increase the use of recreational facilities to the extent that substantial deterioration would occur or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities. Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to recreation. The 2024 SEIR did not identify significant recreation impacts and did not identify mitigation measures. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to recreation. Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR There are no mitigation measures from the 2024 SEIR identified to reduce impacts related to recreation. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 578 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 73 Transportation CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Conflict with a program, plan, ordinance or policy addressing the circulation system, including transit, roadway, bicycle and pedestrian facilities? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes b. Conflict or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines § 15064.3, subdivision (b)? Significant and Unavoidable MM T-1 No No No Yes Yes c. Substantially increase hazards due to a geometric design feature ((e.g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment) Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes d. Result in inadequate emergency access? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 57 9 of 63 7 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 74 Previous CEQA Analysis Transportation Findings The 2024 SEIR identified a less than significant impact for conflicts with a program, plan, ordinance or policy addressing the circulation system, including transit, roadway, bicycle and pedestrian facilities (T-1). The 2024 SEIR identified that although mitigation measure T-1 would aim to achieve VMT reductions for development projects, it concluded impacts to be significant and unavoidable related to CEQA Guidelines Section 15064.3, subdivision (b) (T-2). The 2024 SEIR identified a less than significant impact related to substantially increasing hazards due to a geometric design feature (T-3) and for inadequate emergency access (T-4) (Section 4.13, Transportation). Addendum Analysis Overall, implementation of the CAP Update (e.g., Measures T-1 through T-7 and T-10) would result in lower total annual VMT levels in the city. However, short-term construction activities associated with the CAP Update would lead to minor, temporary disruptions to traffic circulation patterns during the period of construction. Projects that would require construction include retrofitting of existing buildings and developments to transition to higher energy efficiency and renewable energy generation (Measures E-1, E-6, W-1, and W-2), constructing roundabouts or traffic circles (Measure T-1), installation of solar carports (Measure E-3.3), installation of zero emission vehicle charging stations (Measure T-8), improvements to pedestrian and bicycling infrastructure (Measures T-5 and T-4), and implementation of activities related to urban tree planting (Measure CS-1). Long-term transportation changes could result from actions aimed at diverting and eliminating solid waste; for example, generation of more compostable materials and demand for compost products (Measure WD-1) would lead to a need for haul trucks to transport these materials. Truck trips for hauling of organic waste to processing facilities would be offset by reductions in truck trips to landfills. Organic waste collected in the city is recycled at a Republic Services composting facility in Otay (City of Carlsbad 2024). Other long-term transportation changes associated with the CAP Update could result from actions that increase transit use and reduce commuting and traffic congestion. Actions such as increasing the number of roundabouts or traffic circles (Measure T-1), and incentivizing people to use alternative modes of travel (Measures T-2 and T-8) would lead to reduced traffic congestion. Changes to circulation patterns for pedestrian and cycling mobility modes would result from implementation of new pedestrian and bicycling routes, as well as enhancement of existing infrastructure (e.g., adding lanes, buffers, and sidewalks). Implementation of the CAP Update would improve the operation of the circulation system in several ways, including fewer vehicle trips on roadways and highways and higher numbers of transit riders. Therefore, implementation of the CAP Update would not adversely affect the performance of the circulation system and would not conflict with any applicable transportation plans, ordinances, or policies. Implementation of the CAP Update would not induce substantial population or employment growth in the city that would in turn generate increased VMT. Construction activities associated with the CAP Update measures and actions would not require a large construction crew. Any temporary VMT increases associated with construction activities would be more than offset by the CAP Update’s overall effect of reducing the long-term rate of VMT in the city. Therefore, CAP Update implementation would not conflict or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines section 15064.3(b). SEIR mitigation measure T-1, which would reduce VMT levels of housing development identified in the SEIR, is not applicable to the CAP Update because the CAP Update would result in decreased levels of VMT in the city. The city maintains improvement standards that guide the construction of new transportation facilities to minimize design hazards for all users of the system. Furthermore, General Plan policies 3-P.10, 3- P.12, 3-P.13, and 3-P.16 would reduce impacts related to safety. Therefore, implementation of the CAP Update would not substantially increase hazards due to a geometric design feature. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 580 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 75 In the short-term, implementation of the CAP Update would have the potential to affect emergency access during construction of individual projects facilitated by the CAP Update. For example, construction pertaining to improving pedestrian and bicycle infrastructure and safety (Measures T-4 and T-5) could temporarily alter existing roadways that serve as emergency access routes. In the long-term, the CAP Update would not result in new development or land uses that would require installation of emergency access routes. Activities implementing the CAP Update would not be permitted to conflict with regulatory requirements to provide adequate accommodation of fire access to structure frontages, multiple access points to development, as well as adequate width, height, and turning radius of roadways and access points, pursuant to California Building Code and California Fire Code requirements. Activities implementing the CAP Update would be required to comply with city and San Diego County standards and requirements and would undergo review by public safety officials as part of the approval process. Additionally, General Plan policies 3-P.12, 3-P.29, 3-P.30, and 3-P.33 would prevent CAP update implementation from resulting in physical effects that impede or obstruct emergency access. Therefore, implementation of the CAP Update would not result in inadequate emergency access. Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to transportation. Implementation of Mitigation Measure T-1 from the 2024 SEIR is not applicable to the CAP Update. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to transportation. Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR The 2024 SEIR identified Mitigation Measure T-1 for transportation impact T-2. This mitigation measure is not applicable to the CAP Update. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 581 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 76 Tribal Cultural Resources CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource, defined in Public Resources Code §21074 as either a site, feature, place cultural landscape that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is: i. Listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code section 5020.1(k), or Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 58 2 of 63 7 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 77 CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? ii. A resource determined by the lead agency, in its discretion and supported by substantial evidence, to be significant pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision c of Public Resources Code §5024.1, the lead agency shall consider the significance of the resource to a California Native American tribe. No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 58 3 of 63 7 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 78 Previous CEQA Analysis Tribal Cultural Resources Findings The 2024 SEIR identified less than significant impacts related to causing a substantial adverse change in the significance of a Tribal cultural resource as defined in Public Resources Code Section 21074 that is listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code Section 5020.1(k) or pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1 (CUL-4) (Section 4.4, Cultural and Tribal Cultural Resources). Addendum Analysis Implementation of the CAP Update would result in physical changes to the environment that could occur in proximity to or involve encountering tribal cultural resources. For example, some improvements that result from the CAP Update, such as Measures T-1, T-4, T-5, T-8, T-9, CS-1, E-3.3, W- 1, and W-2, would require ground disturbing activities, including minor grading and excavation, during which, depending on their location, a tribal cultural resource could be encountered. The Carlsbad Cultural Resource Guidelines addresses identification and treatment of tribal cultural resources that may be impacted as a result of the CAP Update. Therefore, implementation of the CAP Update would not cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource, defined in Public Resources Code section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in a local register of historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code section 5020.1(k). Since the CAP Update would adhere to the Carlsbad Cultural Resource Guidelines, it would not cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural resource, pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code §5024.1. Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to tribal cultural resources. The 2024 SEIR did not identify significant tribal cultural resources impacts and did not identify mitigation measures. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to tribal cultural resources. Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR There are no mitigation measures from the 2024 SEIR identified to reduce impacts related to tribal cultural resources. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 584 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 79 Utilities and Service Systems CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Require or result in the relocation or construction of new or expanded water, wastewater treatment or storm water drainage, electric power, natural gas, or telecommunications facilities, the construction or relocation of which could cause significant environmental effects? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes b. Have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project and reasonably foreseeable future development during normal, dry and multiple dry years? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 58 5 of 63 7 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 80 CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? c. Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider, which serves or may serve the project that it has adequate capacity to serve the project’s projected demand in addition to the provider’s existing commitments? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes d. Generate solid waste in excess of State or local standards, or in excess of the capacity of local infrastructure, or otherwise impair the attainment of solid waste reduction goals? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes e. Comply with federal, State, and local management and reduction statutes and regulations related to solid waste? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 58 6 of 63 7 Addendum Evaluation Addendum No. 1 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update SEIR 81 Previous CEQA Analysis Utilities and Service Systems Findings The 2024 SEIR identified less than significant impacts related to the relocation or construction of new or expanded water, wastewater treatment or stormwater drainage, electric power, natural gas, or telecommunication facilities (UTIL-1); sufficient water supplies during normal, dry and multiple dry years (UTIL-2); adequate wastewater treatment capacity (UTIL-3); the generation of solid waste in excess of State or local standards, or in excess of the capacity of local infrastructure, or otherwise impair the attainment of solid waste reduction goals and compliance with federal, State, and local management and reduction statutes and regulations related to solid waste (UTIL-4) (Section 4.14, Utilities and Service Systems). Addendum Analysis Implementation of the CAP Update would not increase development or induce population growth directly or indirectly, because measures and actions do not propose new housing nor do they propose changes to policies or regulations related to land use or residential or nonresidential zoning. Although tree planting (Measure CS-1) would potentially increase demand for water used for irrigation, the CAP Update would be required to comply with General Plan policies 9-P.3 through 9-P.6, which would reduce impacts to water services and facilities by promoting water saving measures such as water sub- metering, using recycled water for landscape irrigation, and using on-site gray water and rainwater collection systems. Therefore, the CAP Update would not result in demand for new or expanded infrastructure, including water, wastewater treatment, stormwater drainage, natural gas or telecommunication facilities would not increase to serve new population or development. The implementation of the CAP Update would incrementally increase electricity consumption, for example through measures that increase the installation zero emission infrastructure (Measure T-8), consume energy more efficiently within buildings and water systems (Measures E-3.1, E-3.2, E-4.2 E- 6, and W-2), and install solar carports (Measure E-3.3). However, as discussed in the San Diego Gas and Electric Company (SDG&E)’s Integrated Resource Plan, SDG&E has existing plans in place to solicit additional long-term renewable contracts, including conventional and long-duration storage technologies (SDG&E 2022). The CAP Update’s support for using more renewable energy and more efficient natural gas consumption would decrease demand for natural gas infrastructure. The implementation of the CAP Update would not involve development of residential communities or other non-residential development or induce population growth in an area that would increase demand for wastewater treatment. Further, it would not involve the construction of restroom facilities. Implementation of the CAP Update would not result in new habitable structures (e.g., housing, nonresidential development) that would generate wastewater, therefore, implementation of the CAP Update would not exceed the capacity of any wastewater treatment provider. Implementation of the CAP Update would not induce increased residential or non-residential development, or population growth directly or indirectly, and there would be no increase in solid waste production as a result of the CAP Update. Although some solid waste could be generated during construction activities or through retrofitting buildings (Measure E-6), the solid waste generated would be minimal due to the nature of construction activities and associated improvements, and therefore would not exceed the capacity of local facilities. Measure WD-1 includes strategies to continue to increase the diversion of waste from landfills, which is consistent with and would further State solid waste statutes and goals Therefore, solid waste generated as a result of the CAP Update would not be generated in excess of local standards or capacity of local infrastructure. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 587 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 82 Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to utilities and service systems. The 2024 SEIR did not identify significant utilities and service systems impacts and did not identify mitigation measures. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to utilities and service systems. Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR There are no mitigation measures from the 2024 SEIR identified to reduce impacts related to utilities and service systems. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 588 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum 83 Wildfire CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? Would implementation of the CAP Update: a. Substantially impair an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes b. Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors, exacerbate wildfire risks, and thereby expose project occupants to pollutant concentrations from a wildfire or the uncontrolled spread of a wildfire? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes c. Require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (such as roads, fuel brakes, emergency water sources, power lines or other utilities) that may result in temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 58 9 of 63 7 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 84 CEQA Guidelines Section 15162 Is a Subsequent SEIR Needed? SEIR Evaluation Criteria SEIR Significance Conclusion SEIR Mitigation Measures Do the Proposed Changes Involve a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Are There New Circumstances Involving a New or Substantial Increase in the Severity of Previously Identified Impacts? Is There New Information of Substantial Importance Requiring New Analysis or Verification? Are Only Minor Technical Changes or Additions Necessary or Did None of the Conditions Described in §15162 Occur? (§15164(a)) Project is within the Scope of the SEIR? d. Expose people or structures to significant risks, including downslope or downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage changes? Less than Significant None No No No Yes Yes No v . 12 , 20 2 4 It e m #8 Pa g e 59 0 of 63 7 Addendum Evaluation Addendum 85 Previous CEQA Analysis Wildfire Findings The 2024 SEIR identified less than significant impacts for wildfire emergency response, access, and evacuation (WF-1); and related to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors that could exacerbate wildfire risks, installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure that may exacerbate fire risk or that may result in temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment, exposing people or structures to significant risks, including downslope or downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post- fire slope instability, or drainage changes; and exposing people or structures, either directly or indirectly, to a significant risk of loss, injury, or death involving wildland fires (WF-2) (Section 4.15, Wildfire). Addendum Analysis The implementation of the CAP Update would result in short-term and long-term changes related to wildfire as described below. Implementation of the CAP Update would result in alterations of public roadways. The CAP Update measures and actions would include improvements at or near grade level of existing roadways, new and upgraded bikeways and walkways along existing developed roadways and rights-of-way in the city, and the installation of roundabouts or traffic circles to control traffic within the intersections of existing developed roadways (through implementation of Measures T-1, T-4, T-5, and T-8). However, these improvements would not adversely affect the capacity of roadways during an emergency or evacuation. New Class II bike lanes and Class II buffered bike plans implemented per Measure T-4 would be separately from vehicle lanes using paint and therefore would not impede the movement of emergency vehicles or vehicles during an evacuation event. CAP Update Measure T-1, which encourages the installation of roundabouts, would reduce congestion, thus increasing traffic flow and the ability to evacuate during an emergency. Therefore, implementation of the CAP Update would not impair or interfere with adopted emergency response or evacuation plans. Although the city is located within a Local Responsibly Area Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone and adjacent to a State Responsibility Area Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zone, the CAP Update measures and actions would not include the construction of new housing and do not propose changes to policies or regulations related to land use or residential zoning. The CAP Update would not introduce new occupants that could be exposed to pollutant concentrations from a wildfire or the uncontrolled spread of as wildfire or require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (such as roads, fuel brakes, emergency water sources, power lines or other utilities). Action CS-1.a would continue implementation of the existing Community Forest Management Plan and therefore the CAP Update would not result in changes to the types of trees planted within fire hazard severity zones. Furthermore, activities associated with implementation of the CAP Update measures would comply with the San Diego County Emergency Operations Plan (EOP) and be subject to the California Fire Code (CFC), which includes safety measures to minimize the threat of fire. Implementation of the CAP Update would also be required, where applicable, to meet CBC requirements, including CCR Title 24, Part 2, which includes specific requirements related to exterior wildfire exposure. Impacts related to downslope or downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage changes would be reduced by compliance with the CBC and CMC, as well as applicable policies from the Public Safety Element Update (policies 6-P.20 through 6-P.31). Compliance with applicable policies, codes and regulations would reduce the risk of loss, injury, or death from wildfire and the CAP Update would not exacerbate wildfire risks. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 591 of 637 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update 86 Conclusion There are no changes in circumstances or new information of substantial importance that would require major revisions to the 2024 SEIR or result in new significant effects or a substantial increase in the severity of previously identified effects related to wildfire. The 2024 SEIR did not identify significant wildfire impacts and did not identify mitigation measures. The CAP Update would not result in any new or substantially more severe significant impacts related to wildfire. Applicable Mitigation Measures from the SEIR There are no mitigation measures from the 2024 SEIR identified to reduce impacts related to wildfire. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 592 of 637 Addendum Evaluation Addendum 87 7 References California Department of Conservation. 2024. California Williamson Act Enrollment Finder. Available: https://gis.conservation.ca.gov/portal/home/webmap/viewer.html?webmap=18f7488c0a9d4d299f5e9c33b312f312. Retrieved March 28, 2024. City of Carlsbad. 2015. City of Carlsbad General Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report. Available: https://www.carlsbadca.gov/departments/community-development/planning/general-plan/related-documents/-folder-773. Accessed March 20, 2024. _________. 2020. An Addendum to the Previously Certified Program Environmental Impact Report for the 2015 General Plan Update and Climate Action Plan (PEIR 13-02). Available: https://records.carlsbadca.gov/WebLink/DocView.aspx?id=5154824&dbid=0&repo=CityofCarlsbad. Accessed April 15, 2024. _________. 2021. 2021 Housing Element Update Addendum. Available: https://records.carlsbadca.gov/WebLink/DocView.aspx?id=5312802&dbid=0&repo=CityofCarlsbad&cr=1. Accessed April 15, 2024. _________. 2023. City of Carlsbad Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update Draft Supplemental Environmental Impact Report. Available: https://files.ceqanet.opr.ca.gov/281700-3/attachment/_PFNFkSV8FCkmdU1hXlW25tF98n-BZ_pdzLkWZUQ3Kc2CA6Q1LZ_Xp9kUhHB0NSwdr7p4ccqp_dRZJ4S0. Accessed March 20, 2024. _________. 2024. Organic Waste Composting. Available: https://www.carlsbadca.gov/departments/environmental-sustainability/reduce-reuse-recycle/organic-waste-recycling. Accessed April 15, 2024. DOC. See California Department of Conservation. San Diego Gas and Electric Company. 2022. Individual Integrated Resource Plan of San Diego Gas & Electric Company. Available: https://www.sdge.com/sites/default/files/regulatory/SDG%26E%202022%20Individual%20Integrated%20Resource%20Plan%20%28PUBLIC%29_0.pdf. Accessed March 28, 2024. SDG&E. See San Diego Gas and Electric Company. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 593 of 637 From:Randi Greene To:Katie Hentrich Subject:Climate action plan Date:Monday, July 8, 2024 5:47:47 PM Please consider disallowing the burning of wood or debris at residential properties. It is destroying our neighbourhood air quality. Sent from my iPhone CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. Exhibit 6 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 594 of 637 From:Gregg Ferry To:Katie Hentrich Subject:Climate Action Plan Date:Thursday, July 11, 2024 2:12:03 PM A couple of things I saw that was of interest. Divest any investments that support fossil fuels. Only invest in funds, stocks, bonds, etc. that guarantee they will not invest in fossil fuels. Until electric utilities use no energy from fossil fuels, these investments should be on the listfor divestment, too. 4. Solar, Microgrids and Virtual Power Plants (VPP) Not mentioned here was energy storage at the solar and Microgrid locations. This will makefor a more resilient community. -- Gregg Ferry3344 Appian Rd Carlsbad CA 92010(805) 743-3779 CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 595 of 637 From:Brian Magner To:Katie Hentrich Subject:Draft Climate Action Plan comment - Leaf Blower timeline Date:Friday, July 12, 2024 12:38:51 PM Katie - Great to see the draft Climate Action plan. I'm proud of Carlsbad to be addressing this, in a transparent way. I am particularly glad to see leaf blowers being addressed, but am also wildly disappointed to see the lack of action on the timeline. The California Air Resources Board is requiring all new small off-road engines be zero emission by 2024, this year (link). At least 25 cities across California and more than 100 nationwide have enacted legislation to regulate or ban gas-powered leaf blowers, many cities much larger than Carlsbad (Oakland, Beverly Hills, Santa Barbara). Encinitas banned gas powered leaf blowers starting in Jan 2020 (>4 years ago!!). And yet Carlsbad hasn't. On top of that, this plan proposes to develop a plan by 2030 and implement that plan by 2035. There is a statement at the beginning of the Climate Action Plan report that states"The City of Carlsbad (city) strives to provide a clean and safe environment for residents, workers and visitors by protecting natural resources and facing the challenge of climate change head on. With these goals in mind, Carlsbad has become a regional leader in climate action with early and sustained efforts to reduceits contribution to climate change.". The City's website indicates: "Environmental sustainability is a key priority for City Council.". If those statements were true, the timeline for banning gas powered leaf blowersshould be to develop a plan by the end of 2024 and implement that plan for no more gas powered leaf blowers by 2025. The 2030 and 2035 timelines are a terrible failure to take action on something that should be considered easy / "low hanging fruit". There are dozens of implementation plan examples to pull from other cities.There are already state and local programs with incentives for landscapers to transition to zero emissions equipment. My weekly landscaping company has already voluntarily transitioned to battery powered backpack leaf blowers and I'd be happy to share their name with anyone looking for a quieter landscaping company. Carlsbad is already WAY behind so many other CA cities on this topic. It's false for Carlsbad to declare itself a leader and not take action now, this year, to ban gas powered leaf blowers. Please consider revising these targets. Thanks, Brian Magner CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 596 of 637 From:Lynda Daniels To:Keith Blackburn; Teresa Acosta; Priya Bhat-Patel; Carolyn Luna; melanieburkholder@carlsbadca.gov; KatieHentrich Subject:Synthetic Turf - Carlsbad CAP Date:Tuesday, July 16, 2024 8:04:56 PM Please, no synthetic turf in our parks Synthetic Turf and GHG’s Synthetic turf is a major contributor to GHG’s throughout its lifecycle and must be included in the CAP: Manufacturing Oil extraction/fracking, petrochemical refining and manufacturing synthetic turf & underlayment pads all produce significant amounts of GHG’s. Use Synthetic turf off-gases methane and other GHG’s during use, while natural grass is a carbon sink. End of Life Fifty tons/acre of synthetic turf hazardous waste off-gases methane and other GHG’s for up to 1000 years. Replacing synthetic turf with natural grass provides significant reductions in GHG’s and is clearly a climate issue. Lynda Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 597 of 637 CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 598 of 637 From:Lynda Daniels To:Katie Hentrich; Teresa Acosta; Priya Bhat-Patel; PD; Keith Blackburn; Carolyn Luna;melanieburkholder@carlsbadca.gov Subject:CLIMATE ACTION PLAN COMMENTS Date:Saturday, August 3, 2024 8:21:38 PM CLIMATE ACTION PLAN COMMENTS MAYOR, CITY COUNCIL AND KATIE, I am very pleased with the draft of our CAP! It includes so many ways to help Carlsbad meet our sustainability goals! In six different areas!! Very detailed and well done! I have a few minor suggestions: page 3-20 - add WORKSHOPS to be planned by staff to educate residents page 3-21 - building efficiency can be improved by specific benchmarking ordinances - San Luis Obispo - has a great one you can copy! page 3-13 - Eliminate natural gas use at city facilities AT END OF LIFE ("FEASIBLE" IS TOO VAGUE) Lastly, include ALL LAWN EQUIPMENT, not just leaf blowers in the phasing out goal! Thank you for all the hard work the staff has done to make this CAP so good~ Lynda Daniels 4547 Picadilly Court Carlsbad CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 599 of 637 August 6, 2024 Ka.e Hentrich Climate Ac.on Plan Administrator City of Carlsbad Sent via email Subject: Comments on CAP Update Dear Ms. Hentrich, We appreciate the effort that has gone into this CAP update—building on the work of the past while also responding to new requirements and changing condi.on. We also realize that there is broad discre.on in selec.ng the ac.ons to reduce local GHG emissions. While there is much to commend in this document, our objec.ve with these comments is to suggest areas where we think some modifica.ons would result in a more accurate analysis and more effec.ve results. Community Wide Emissions Inventory -There are some interes.ng differences in comparing the current 2016 inventory results to those from 2012 that were used for the prior CAP Update. While several of the sectors increased as a percentage of total emissions, others decreased. Transporta.on remains the largest single sector and is accoun.ng for an increasing share of total emissions. Off road equipment showed a substan.al increase, more than doubling from 1.4% to 3 %. Since this is one of the hard data comparison points, it might be helpful to add some comments about trend line, and does this demonstrate the amount of progress that was an.cipated? -Total emissions increased from 977,000 MT in 2012 to 981,000 MT in 2016- or about 1 MT/year. This rate of increase drops to an average of .6 MT/year for the period 2016-2035. It then makes a drama.c increase to 3.1 MT/year from 2035-2045. Is there an explana.on for these differences? 5020 Nighthawk Way - Oceanside, CA 92056 www.preservecalavera.org Nonprofit 501(c)3 ID#33-0955504 1 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 600 of 637 'Preserve Ca avera Coastal North San Diego County -It would be helpful to iden.fy what is excluded from the community inventory and where those emissions would get counted. We believe that includes the airport and Poseidon plant and there may be others. -There is a clear statement that the city wants to set the example for sustainability improvements. Yet there are several areas where the City has full control, but delays ac.on un.l 2030 or later, for example, solar covers over city parking lots, fleet replacement schedule and TDM for employees. Please consider using early city adop.on as part of strategy to expand results throughout the city. -It would be helpful to provide good baseline data for percentage of trips by each transporta.on mode, and a monitoring system to track and report on this over .me. This would help inform related ac.ons for bikes, pedestrians and transit and the overfall TDM program. This puts the focus on results (increasing use of alterna.ve transporta.on) and not just ac.ons (building x miles of Class 1 bike trails). -For mul.ple ac.ons addressing building energy improvements, it is not clear which ac.ons are just complying with changes to state Building Code, and those for which the city is really going beyond the state requirements. These also focus very much on non- residen.al buildings. While much of Carlsbad’s housing stock is rela.vely new, there remains substan.al opportunity for reduced energy use form residen.al buildings. Ac4on Items WD-1 Solid and Organic Waste Diversion We realize that this is an area that is going through recent changes to comply with new state laws. The basic waste stream analysis was based on data for the city of Oceanside. That showed the largest share of this waste comes from food and paper. It would be desirable to target some ac.ons around these specific categories of waste. And to develop local data to measure results. CalRecycle requires some standard repor.ng which could form the basis for this. T2- TDM This is an area that has high poten.al benefit, much of which is not being realized. The TDM ordinance is limited to new non-residen.al uses. Other places have expended such programs to address all land uses, with different goals and measures targeted to each land use. There is also tremendous opportunity to improve the use of alterna.ve transporta.on by exis.ng businesses. While these may not be mandatory, at least encouraging this, spotligh.ng those who are making progress, working with the Chamber of Commerce to recognized program par.cipants could all start to both raise awareness and par.cipa.on by the broader community. We encourage Carlsbad to take a more comprehensive approach to TDM. 2 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 601 of 637 T-4 Bikeway system Improvements Seems like ac.on T-4.e to explore microtransit does not belong here. T-6 Transporta.on System Improvements This men.ons the Mul.-Modal TIF’s that are s.ll being developed but includes no bench marks and no quan.fica.on. While it is premature to quan.fy results, clearly comple.ng this study is a key benchmark that should be included. T.9 ZEV Delaying restric.ons on city fleet idling un.l 2030 is another area where the city could be an early adopter. But beyond that there is value to more compressive idling ordinances and enforcement. T-10 Parking Management This men.ons the parking studies underway for the Village, Beach and Barrio but with no benchmarks. Adding benchmarks for comple.on of these studies would beler integrate these ac.ons with the CAP. OR-1 Off Road Equipment The city could set an example here by adding an ac.on to require conversion of all city equipment and mandate on city contractors to also eliminate gas powered leaf blowers. Also leaf blowers are a small percentage of this category. There would be value to include some ac.ons for those that are larger sources- construc.on and industrial. CS-1 Carbon Sequestra.on The inventory and ac.on focuses only on city owned trees. It is unknown what % of the total tree canopy that these city trees represent. But the tree canopy cover (TCC) is a city-wide measure that includes all of the non-city owned trees. The descrip.on should also note the tree plan.ng program in Carlsbad schools. To make real progress on the city wide TCC it is essen.al to also include all of the non-city owned trees. Key ac.ons should include project condi.ons to increase the number of trees and require their replacement, as well as enforcement of condi.ons to maintain and replace trees that were part of an approved landscaping plan, especially within areas with HOA’s. The City also has earned the designa.on of a Tree City, and should include maintaining that as part of their ac.ons. Monitoring and Repor4ng We would like to see the city establish a Sustainability Commission that could provide input, and expand the city’s reach for the CAP and other sustainability programs. 3 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 602 of 637 Quan4fica4on – Appendix C -Electricity Table 6- It is not clear how the city specific emission factor of 545 lbs CO₂/ MWH was determined – and this is key to all of the other computa.ons and appears to be the only city specific quan.fier. -Off road equipment- It is clear that leaf blowers account for a small percentage of the total off-road vehicle emissions-yet this is the only one targeted in CAP ac.ons. It would be good to work toward the other sources like industrial in future updates. -T-6 Transporta.on system improvements is based on 53 intersec.ons having signals synchronized but the benchmark for the ac.on item only shows 20 intersec.ons. These need to be consistent. -T-2 TDM quan.fica.on does not seem to be consistent with the ac.on item in the CAP or growth projec.ons used elsewhere in the Appendix. Table 23 shows 22k new commuters with 40% of trips using alterna.ve transporta.on with 26 mi/RT for 255 days/year for a VMT reduc.on of 70,983,251 by 2045. But Table 2 shows jobs increase 19,139, not 22k. With 40 % alterna.ve transporta.on and same trip length and days that is only a reduc.on of 49,764,000 VMT. -T-3 Safe Routes to School is based on city of San Diego data with an average 1 mi RT to walk and 2.5 miles to bike to school. But Carlsbad high schools do not have boundaries and we would expect the average trip lengths are much longer than what was used. -T-5 Pedestrian System (and bike system improvements). Demographics show an aging popula.on with fewer of school age and high increases in the over 65 yr old age groups. It would seem these changes in demographics would tend to reduce walking and biking trips and that is not reflected in the quan.fica.on. Thank you for considering our comments. Sincerely, Diane Nygaard, President On behalf of Preserve Calavera 4 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 603 of 637 August 12, 2024 To: Katie Hentrich, CAP Administrator Dear Katie, On behalf of the Sierra Club’s Coaster group, I’d like to share some insights with the Climate Action Plan (CAP) update you prepared. Our local Carlsbad Sierra Club team has had a chance to review and discuss the measures presented within this current update. This update is a vast improvement over the original 2015 CAP. It is much more readable and comprehensive than the original. Staff has done an excellent job of covering just about all potential areas for reducing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. We appreciate the effort put forward by Ms. Hentrich to engage our team in her outreach to address our concerns. Before addressing specific measures, we’d like to make some general comments: • It’s unfortunate that the best GHG inventory for transportation we have is from 2016. Our city needs to work with SANDAG to get more current data and have it done regularly on a bi-annual basis. With this sector accounting for 50% of our emissions it’s critical that timely, reliable inventories are available to make informed decisions. • Factored into our targets are the contributions from state and federal actions to lower our GHG emissions. For 2035 those combined actions account for 53% of our emissions, for 2045, 72% (calculated from Table 2-3, page 2-8). Very few agencies are meeting their targets in a timely manner and, therefore, the city should be aggressive in its goals to account for greater future costs and potential shortcomings by the state and national governments. • While outreach to specific groups, including us, has been helpful, the general public knows little about the climate crisis and what the city is doing to mitigate it. Community workshops would be helpful to educate the public and encourage them to take positive actions in their own lives. Make “How you can help” a prominent link to the higher order Environmental Sustainability webpage with includes the CAP. • Somewhere within the CAP the city should set a target date for zero carbon that is at least as aggressive as the state of 2045. • The city should expand its commuter mode shift goals citywide with targets to meet or exceed 50 percent walk/bike/roll/transit by 2035. Energy measures: E-1 – For municipal facilities consider opting up to 100% renewable energy with the Clean Energy Alliance (CEA) sooner than later. Also, replace, at end-of-life gas appliances with electric as much as possible. E-2 – The target date for CEA to supply all its customers with 100% renewable energy is 2035. As with the amendment to the first CAP, clean energy through CEA is one of the best ways of meeting our emission targets so consider a target for the city to have its default program for our residents be Green Impact (=100% clean energy) by 2030. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 604 of 637 ·~lDiRA ST ~0..§, COUNTY coAS1P..'- Explore, Enjoy & Protect the Planet E-3.2 (non-residential) and E-4.2 (residential) – For new construction, now that the Berkeley case has been finalized, proceed with reach codes that apply high-performance, electric-preferred buildings. Encinitas is finalizing their ordinance and San Luis Obispo passed theirs last fall. Such ordinances look to optimize energy efficiency while still allowing for gas. Because the life span for new buildings is decades, Carlsbad should update its building codes now to get the most emissions savings by encouraging electrification. E-5 – The Building Energy Benchmarking program is being taken over from the state. We need to ensure that the energy consumption reporting is accurate and timely and shared with building owners to help them make decisions about becoming more energy efficient. E-6 – Decarbonizing existing buildings will be a challenge. Therefore, aside from a target for 100% clean electricity, steps need to be taken to reduce or eliminate gas use in our current building stock. This means encouraging moving away from gas appliances AT LEAST at the end of their life span, if not sooner. As mentioned earlier, most residents don’t know much about climate actions including alternatives to gas water heaters, HVAC and cooking. Education and outreach are critical for this. The city should consider incentives to promote and track electrification installs when pulling permits. Transportation measures: This sector, accounting for 50% of our GHG emissions, is the most intractable with our southern California love of cars and independence. Bike lane and pedestrian improvements help and traffic calming measures promote road safety and lower emissions. But getting folks out of there cars will be difficult without some incentives. T-2 – The Transportation Demand Management (TDM) program for businesses was part of the original CAP and didn’t have much of an impact because it only addressed new businesses. In addition, it had a somewhat high threshold (average daily trips of >110 for employees) so only a few new businesses were mandated to have a TDM plan. There is room to lower that threshold to include more businesses, as pointed out in the CAP update. Also, existing businesses, particularly those large ones, should somehow be included in the program. Again, the sooner the recruitment is increased the greater the impact on our GHG reductions. The public should get an annual update on this program as part of the annual CAP reporting. T-3 – While the Safe Routes to Schools doesn’t specifically cover idling, it should. Because Carlsbad Unified School District has no school buses, the majority of our students drive themselves (high school) or have parents drop off and pick them up. This latter group often encounters lines at the schools resulting in excess idling which contributes to both GHG emissions and other air pollutants impacting student health. The city should be working with our school districts to implement anti-idling at our school sites and/or promoting much higher alternative modes of transport to and from schools. T-7 – It’s good to see the TDM program being expanded to include city facilities/employees. The city should be a role model for businesses in our region and this is a good way to do that. T-8 – To increase the use of EVs the expansion of charging infrastructure is important. While the city updates its EV Siting Plan, staff should look at the Public EV Charging Infrastructure Playbook if they haven’t already done so. T-9 – Updating the city fleet to all electric vehicles should be the target. Last summer the majority of the council voted to purchase 40 all gas-powered police cruisers rather than consider alternatives. Let’s hope this measure does a better job at addressing the problem of transportation emissions even in public service vehicles than we’ve seen recently. EVs will also have a payback in reduced maintenance costs as the fleet ages. T-10 – Proper parking management can be a valuable tool to incentivize employees not to drive. It should be included within the TDMs for both businesses and the city (T-2/T-7). As worded in the CAP update, this is a Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 605 of 637 rather vague measure and primarily addresses actions through existing plans like the Village and Barrio Parking Plan rather than a city-wide business approach to reduce employee trips. Free parking is not free and the city needs to look to the future in evaluating its parking strategies. Off-Road Equipment Measure: OR-1 – As written this measure only addresses gas-powered leaf blowers. As much as possible it should include all lawn equipment. To prevent a financial hardship to landscapers, phase in this measure over 1-2 years, like Encinitas did, to allow for end-of-life conversion to electric equipment. Carbon Sequestration Measure: CS-1 – Community Forest Management which includes a replacement of 2:1 for city trees should be expanded to include HOAs which may have CC&Rs covering tree replacements. Oftentimes, our informal survey of some HOAs in Oceanside found that tree replacement policies are not be followed. Hopefully, Measure CS-1.c, the 5- year urban canopy study will include this. In closing, we support all the measures present in the CAP update with our suggestions for improvements. The most critical component is this: the sooner the measures are implemented the greater the GHG savings. Global action isn’t happening fast enough. Every level of government should be doing their utmost to address the problem. Carlsbad has the opportunity to lead by example. Thank you for your consideration. Paige DeCino Paige DeCino Coasters Executive Committee member Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 606 of 637 Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 607 of 637 NORTH COUNTY TRANSIT DISTRICT Bl0MissionAvenue August 15, 2024 Oceanside, CA 92054 (760) 966-6500 (760) 967-2001 (fax) GoNCTD.com Katie Hentrich Climate Action Plan Administrator City of Carlsbad 1635 Faraday Ave Carlsbad, CA 92008 Sent Via Electronic Mail: katie .hentrich@carlsbadca.gov Re : Carlsbad -Draft Climate Action Plan Update -July 2024 Dear Ms. Hentrich : The North County Transit District (NCTD) appreciates the opportunity to provide input on the City of Carlsbad's Draft Climate Action Plan (CAP) Update, based on Notice of Draft Availability via Citywide email published on July 8, 2024. NCTD commends the dedicated efforts of the City staff in updating the CAP. Additionally, we recognize that the successful implementation of this plan will require ongoing collaboration among various stakeholders, including City officials, community members, and regional partners. As a partner agency, NCTD plays a major role in the region's climate action efforts through our comprehensive public transit services. Since 1975, NCTD has served Northern San Diego County, reducing reliance on single-occupancy vehicles and lowering greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. In FY18, our transit system saved 46 million auto miles traveled and reduced GHG emissions by 14 ,000 short tons. By 2050, NCTD anticipates saving 123 million auto miles traveled and reducing GHG emissions by 54,000 short tons (NCTD Public Benefits Study, 2021 ). NCTD's recently adopted Sustainability and Climate Action Plan (SCAP) sets a strategic framework for achieving carbon neutrality by 2050. This includes transitioning to zero-emission vehicles, diversion of waste from landfill, and reducing emissions from electricity consumption . Supported by a recent grant from the California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), NCTD is also developing a Climate Adaptation and Infrastructure Resiliency Plan. NCTD is committed to collaborating with the City of Carlsbad and other stakeholders to enhance sustainability and resilience in our transportation system , creating a cleaner future for our region. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 608 of 637 Re : Carlsbad -Draft Climate Action Plan Update -July 2024 August 15, 2024 Page 2 of 3 NCTD emphasizes that mode shifting to public transit, such as fixed-route bus and rail, is vital for reducing vehicle miles traveled (VMT) and overall carbon emissions. By prioritizing the expansion and improvement of public transit infrastructure, public transportation options would be more accessible and attractive to residents . This effort not only supports our environmental goals and promotes equity by ensuring diverse and underserved communities benefit from reliable and affordable transit solutions, but it also meets the requests of the public feedback captured and presented in the CAP. NCTD recommends the City include the following in the Final CAP: • Measure T-5 : Pedestrian System Improvements o Prioritize Americans with Disability Act (ADA) sidewalk installation and improvements connecting to public transit services and bus stops. It is essential as it enhances accessibility, making it safer for residents to reach transit stops and to board our wheelchair accessible vehicles (WAV). Improved pedestrian infrastructure encourages more people to use public transit, thereby reducing reliance on single-occupancy vehicles, decreasing traffic congestion, and lowering greenhouse gas emissions. o NCTD recommends adding the following sentence under Measure T- 5: "Equity Considerations:" ■ Prioritize sidewalk improvements around transit services and stops to ensure safe and accessible pathways for all residents, particularly for youth, and those from underserved, disabled, low-income, or older adult communities. • Measure T-6: Local Transportation Improvements o Modify the language in Action T-6 .a: "Explore local transportation improvements to provide sustainable on-demand, flexible fleet transit and first-mile last mile solutions" to "Explore local transportation improvements to provide sustainable on-demand, flexible fleet transit and first-mile last mile solutions that complement existing fixed- route bus and rail transit services." ■ This would reflect the sentiments of the community and stakeholders, as gathered through the CAP Update outreach. o Designate Action T-6 .d: "Coordinate with regional and local agencies and partners on influencing transportation improvements throughout the region and within Carlsbad", as a primary implementation action . ■ To this action, NCTD recommends adding the following language: " ... such as supporting fixed-route frequency increases, ensuring sidewalk infrastructure allows for ADA boarding/alighting , improvement of bus stop amenities to encourage ridership, and pursuing transit-supportive infrastructure." Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 609 of 637 Re : Carlsbad -Draft Climate Action Plan Update -July 2024 August 15, 2024 Page 3 of 3 o NCTD recommends adding the following content under Measure T- 6.d: Equity Considerations": ■ ''Engage transit riders and community leaders from underrepresented or disadvantaged groups to provide input on transit projects." ■ "Ensure transit services are accessible to older adults and individuals with disabilities." Thank you again for allowing NCTD to review and comment on the City's CAP Update. Should you have any questions, feel free to contact me at (760) 966-6683 or via e-mail at kpersons@nctd .org. Sincerely, Katie Persons Director of Service Planning cc: Chris Orlando, Chief of Planning, Marketing, & Communications, NCTD Nick Sofoul , Director of Strategic Planning & Transit Systems, NCTD Lillian Doherty, Director of Planning & Development, NCTD loni Tcholakova, Senior Transit Planner, Service Planning , NCTD Mary Balderrama, Senior Transit Planner, Service Planning , NCTD From:Vanessa Forsythe To:Katie Hentrich Subject:Carlsbad CAP Update Support & Comments Date:Friday, August 16, 2024 10:42:33 AM Greetings Katie I support overall the updates to the Carlsbad Climate Action Plan. It is much improved in readability and indicating avaialable data and goals.In addition I believe these also need to be brought forward: #1 a REACH code that indicates electric preferred to gas on new building construction, #2 incentives to replacing gasappliances with electric ( informing public existing rebate / tax incentives / longer term cost savings) particularly for electric/ induction stoves, electric water heaters and HVAC heating/cooling systems; # ahead of state mandates prepare business and builders expected regulations # inform public with forums / workshops by staff addressing the CAP measures, need toreduce GHG locally related to climate shift included in upcoming city's 5 year plan at libraries, community centers and Carlsbad School District Office of Esucation; # haveCommunity Communications Board on line that addresses CAP impacts including measures as where to where we are through EPIC ( as we get out in years realizing it will be harder tomeet goals - need to do more in short term)# doing well in parks except for south west but also need more trees ( always ) removal of invasive plants at parks and lagoons with plantingof more native plants and natural ( grass) turf # no to synthetic turf ( releases VOCs and is plastic that ends up being incinerate more toxins in air) # put solar over all parking lots andmunicipal structures # post how much tonnage ( going to landfills) reduced by doing community food / green waste collection, # incentives with recognition businesses beingelectric and reducingTDM outside of working from home; # set 100% renewable through default CEA by 2030 , work with school district for posting of no idling signs ( doesn't requirepolice enforcement). Lastly I concur with the recommendations presented in Paige DeCino's August 12 letter as member of Coastals Committee.Thank you Vanessa Vanessa Forsythe RN MSN She/Her California Nurses for Environmental Health & JusticeLeadership Council https://climatehealthnow.org/Clean Earth 4 Kids Board Memberhttps://cleanearth4kids.org/ CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 610 of 637 From:Colleen Blackmore To:Katie Hentrich Cc:Jeff Murphy; Paul Klukas; Colleen Blackmore Subject:RE: Reminder - Draft Climate Action Plan Update available Date:Friday, August 16, 2024 11:48:00 AM Attachments:CRC Summary of CAP Issues Tenant Imp.doc Hi Katie, We have reviewed the Draft CAP Update document and are surprised to discover that there is no mention of the Carlsbad Research Center’s Board of Director’s (CRC BOD) input and comments regarding the increased costs to CRC business and property owners that these policies produce. TI thresholds in the document are still dollars-based $200,000 and $1 million, even though the CRC finds that there is no direct relationship between cost of TI improvements and pollutant emissions, and that the CRC is already observing that routine building improvements and updates in Carlsbad’s premier business park are being curtailed as the result of the penalizing costs associated with the added solar and transportation-demand improvements. We see no mention of the CRC BOD’s recommendation to use “change in intensity of use” or “percentage of floor area increase” as thresholds for the CAP-required improvements, rather than assessed value. There is no mention of the economic costs to business, which is ultimately borne by the community in the form of higher costs of products and services. We also expected that our memo sheet provided to City Staff (copy attached), which included a few recommendations, would at least be included in the Appendix. Please let us know why our input was not considered in your Draft CAP Update. Thank you. Colleen M. Reilly President Carlsbad Research Center Owners’ Association THE BLACKMORE COMPANY 1811 Aston Avenue Suite 102 Carlsbad, CA 92008 760.804.9600 From: Katie Hentrich <Katie.Hentrich@carlsbadca.gov> Sent: Monday, August 12, 2024 9:08 AM To: Katie Hentrich <Katie.Hentrich@carlsbadca.gov> Subject: Reminder - Draft Climate Action Plan Update available Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 611 of 637 Good morning, I wanted to send a reminder about providing feedback on the public draft of the city’s Climate Action Plan Update. A Planning Commission workshop will be held on September 4, 2024. Thisworkshop is open to the public. This will be an informational item only; thePlanning Commission will not be making a recommendation to the City Council.Staff will then present the Draft Climate Action Plan Update to the Planning Commissionat the October 2, 2024 meeting.Staff anticipate a presentation to the City Council later in the fall. If you are interested in providing input, you can: Review the executive summary here (English / español)Review the public draft hereSubmit a comment to staff to be included in the Planning Commission workshopmaterialsPlease send comments to katie.hentrich@carlsbadca.gov by Friday, August16Comment in writing or in person to the Planning Commission for the September 4workshop I’d like to also offer my time to go over any questions or comments you may have. If you’d liketo meet or have a larger group you would like me to share this information with, please let meknow and we can set something up. All comments submitted for the Planning Commission workshop will be included in the upcoming Planning Commission and City Council staff reports. Following the Planning Commission workshop, we will send more information on how to participate at the other upcoming meetings. If you have already submitted a comment or scheduled a meeting with me, please ignore thismessage and thank you very much for your time.Please do not hesitate to reach out if there are any questions. Do you need an interpreter orany other assistance in order to participate? Please call me at 442-339-2623. ¿Necesitasun intérprete o cualquier otra asistencia para participar? Comunícate al 442-339-2623.Thank you very much for your consideration and participation, Katie Hentrich she | her | hers Climate Action Plan Administrator Environmental Sustainability City of Carlsbad 1635 Faraday Ave. Carlsbad, CA 92008 www.carlsbadca.gov 442-339-2623 | katie.hentrich@carlsbadca.gov Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 612 of 637 • • • • • • • 0 City of Carlsbad CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 613 of 637 Carlsbad Research Center 1530 Faraday Avenue Suite 100 • Carlsbad, CA 92008 • (760) 931-0780 • (760) 931-5744 Fax CAP DISCUSSION ITEMS – TENANT IMPROVEMENTS Subject. Carlsbad Research Center R&D/Office Building Tenant Improvements (TI’s) Problematic City of Carlsbad CAP Requirements. The new City of Carlsbad CAP requirements state that all TI projects in existing buildings must comply with the following; (a) TI projects valued at over $200,000 or adding 1,000 sf or more in floor area must address consistency with the Energy Efficiency and Transportation Demand Management factors identified in the CAP Checklist; and, (b) TI projects over $1 million valuation must also address increased Energy Efficiency factors, and increased Transportation Demand Management considerations. Our experience on how the above CAP requirements negatively affect the CRC tenant improvements fall into two main categories, as follows: ISSUE #1: Using the Cost of TI Improvements as a Threshold is Unrelated to Reduced GHG’s. The threshold valuation limits adopted by the City are so low that even very minor TI’s, where no substantive change in use or intensity of the floor area is proposed, trigger additional costly energy efficiency and complex transportation demand analysis and improvements. In the CRC, it is not unusual for a simple tenant change to result in over $200,000 or over $1 million valuation of TI’s. This is particularly true in today’s inflationary financing and construction climate. Recommendation. An improved approach could be considered, such as “change in use” or “percentage of floor area increase”. In our experience, these factors (whether enforced through substantive policy refinements or as interpretive guidelines) more directly result in a tenant’s ultimate contribution to energy demand and commuter GHG emissions. Using a percentage, rather than a minimal finite limitation, would allow relatively minor TI’s that simply re-arrange [or reduce the intensity] of the same uses to be undertaken without enduring the costly CAP improvements. ISSUE #2: The Existing Thresholds Discourage Improvements . As mentioned, virtually all TI’s in existing buildings in the CRC are appraised in excess of the $200,000 limit. TI’s costing this amount require installation of solar panels and transportation demand requirements and improvements. The cost of the added expense of the solar and transportation improvements frequently discourages the improvements, as they make the TI’s cost prohibitive. Further, many building owners request TI’s in order to upgrade a vacant floor area in advance leasing, in the hopes that the improvements will upgrade the building and attract a high-quality tenant. Accepting costly solar panel requirements or preparing a TDM plan without specific knowledge of the tenant or their operating procedures is largely imprecise guesswork, and most likely to be inaccurate. Reconfiguration of floor area does not automatically denote increased CAP emissions. So, this lack of accurate assumptions in the CAP analyses and resulting conditions; (a) are likely to be erroneous, (b) engender resistance from potential tenants, and (c) put Carlsbad at a disadvantage in the R&D and office leasing market. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 614 of 637 Carlsbad Research Center 1530 Faraday Avenue Suite 100 • Carlsbad, CA 92008 • (760) 931-0780 • (760) 931-5744 Fax Recommendation. An improved approach could be considered for these generic TI’s that improve Carlsbad’s look and business climate. This approach could involve deferring identification of the specific CAP-required improvements until some later point in the business-authorizing process, such as a condition of business license issuance. This will allow the required analysis of the business to be conducted by the entities who are most knowledgeable of the business operations. Premature analysis of business operations and resulting GHG emissions results in confusion, and distorted requirements. ISSUE #3 Energy producing equipment on existing buildings is too expensive. Solar or alternative energy producing equipment is too costly to achieve on existing buildings. The updated building codes already require increased energy efficiency (energy efficient HVAC units, LED lighting, Title 24 controls, reduced water flow plumbing fixtures, etc.). Solar panels or other alternative energy facilities necessitate expensive structural and mechanical retrofits of existing buildings, making routine TI improvements cost prohibitive. Recommendation. TI compliance with the updated building codes should be considered satisfactory mitigation for energy efficiency with regard to CAP compliance. ISSUE #4 Insignificant increases of “demand” should not trigger CAP upgrades. It does not seem equitable to require costly improvements when no relationship exists between the projected emissions “demand” resulting from the proposed TI’s and the CAP requirements. Recommendation. TI’s that result in minimal or less intensity of CAP emissions should be considered exempt from the CAP requirements. The removal of existing TI improvements should be credited against any corresponding increase in intensity for purposes of analyzing and applying CAP upgrades. Thus, if the net balance of emission generation (increase of x number/size vs. removal of x number/size) is positive, the CAP requirements would be prescribed. If the net balance between increase vs. decrease is even or negative, no CAP improvements should be required. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 615 of 637 From:Zachary Zeilman To:Katie Hentrich Cc:Mitch Silverstein; Jasmine Mikesell Subject:Comments for Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Update Date:Friday, August 16, 2024 1:39:47 PM Hi Katie, Thank you and Aidan for meeting with us a few weeks ago to discuss the Carlsbad CAP andother related climate items. Please see below for comments from Surfrider San Diego Chapter that we would likeconsidered in the update. Apologies that the formatting is a little off. 1. Water 1. Decrease ornamental turf beyond state law requirements and incentivize native and/or drought tolerant lawns through a “xeriscaping” requirement 2. Energy 1. Develop a reach code for electrification with different standards for residential and commercial, recognizing that residential contributes an outsized share of GHG but that financial burden may be excessive on households, particularly lower and middle-income 2. Conduct a study for implementing solar-covered carports or increase solar in other ways on City-owned properties or partner with/incentivize private landowners where appropriate 3. Conduct outreach and pilot programs to decarbonize existing buildings voluntarily i. Apply square footage to existing reach codes ii. Develop an incentive program such as appliance trade-outs 3. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 616 of 637 Solid Waste 1. Create a fee structure based on how much waste households dispose of based on volume or weight (Consider examples from other cities, such as proposed updates to the City of San Diego People’s Ordinance or Dresden, Germany) 2. Mandate and measure organic recycling diverted from landfills. Develop a program to provide organics compost to farms for soil or consider plans to send to or construct an anaerobic digestion facility 4. Transportation 1. Develop a percentage goal for VMT reduction that harmonizes with the 2022 CARB Scoping Plan which calls for a 25% reduction 2. Fund electric schools buses (or any school buses) to reduce emissions and VMT for individual households dropping kids at school, while also being more equitable 3. Implement a bike sharing program that could be regional between Oceanside and Encinitas to immediately help first/last-mile difficulties 4. Parking Management Strategies i. Eliminate or reduce parking minimums for development ii. Shared or unbundled parking for new developments, commercial & residential iii. Quantify the Parking Management Plan (2017) adopted for downtown area and approve by-right 5. Adopt and implement a Safe Routes to School Plan that incorporates safe walking and biking infrastructure between neighborhoods, schools, and other Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 617 of 637 public facilities 5. Other Community Forestry Plan - Look into feasibility of native plant ordinance too that are drought tolerant. Remove palms and eucalyptus from preferred trees. Thanks again! Zack CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 618 of 637 August 16, 204 Mayor Blackburn and Council, City of Carlsbad 1635 Faraday Ave, Carlsbad, CA 92008 Via Email Re: Climate Action Campaign recommendations for Carlsbad’s Climate Action Plan Update Dear Mayor Blackburn and Council, Climate Action Campaign (CAC) is a San Diego based nonprofit organization with a simple mission: create a zero carbon future through effective and equitable policy action. We have played an active role in the development of Climate Action Plan’s (CAP) throughout the region since 2015. Climate Action Plan Administrator Katie Hentrich reached out to us to ask that we provide comments on your draft CAP. Here are our comments and recommendations: What we Applaud in the CAP Update: ●Ensuring the City reaches 100% clean energy is crucial for reducing emissions and ensuring a just, climate-safe future. The draft CAP update has strong goals in Measure E-2 to set 100% renewable electricity as the default option for Clean Energy Alliance customers in the City. This is a critical step towards the clean energy future we need and are pleased to see Carlsbad incorporating this as a priority in the CAP. Upgrade Clean Energy Measures With natural gas being responsible for 14% of Carlsbad’s greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, electrifying new and existing buildings are essential actions for reducing pollution and improving air quality. ●Measures E-3 and E-4: Measures E-3 and E-4 address methane gas in new construction and identify ways to update existing reach codes to further reduce the impacts of gas in residential and nonresidential buildings, though stronger and more detailed timelines for implementation are needed. Once the new state building code is Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 619 of 637 CAMPAIGN SAN DIEGO/ ORANGE COUNTY/ LOS ANGELES adopted next year, Carlsbad can choose the voluntary option to ensure new buildings are safe, healthy, and climate resilient. ●Measure E-5:The current draft CAP update includes an important foundational step to modernize and make existing buildings safe and energy-efficient in Building Energy Benchmarking in Measure E-5, but benchmarking only supports critical information-gathering and analysis. The CAP update is missing a Building Performance Standard which is necessary to regulate pollution from existing buildings. Without a standard, Carlsbad will not be protecting their residents from dangerous exposure to fossil fuel pollution. ●Add this Missing Measure:A measure should be established for developing and implementing a Building Performance Standard and should include scope, scale, estimated costs, specific planning and implementation timelines, and an outline for community and stakeholder engagement. It is also essential that equitable electrification for Communities of Concern and new job opportunities for fossil fuel workers be key elements in all building electrification strategies. Upgrading Transportation Measures The CAP’s cumulative measures to address GHG emissions from transportation are woefully insufficient. By the City’s own projections, transportation emissions will still be the highest sector for GHGs by 2045. On August 23, 2023, the City of Carlsbad declared a local state of emergency regarding a 233% increase in collisions involving bikes and ebikes between 2019 and August 2022. As the use of e-bikes increases it necessitates the adoption of safe transportation infrastructure to help facilitate safe streets for everyone, especially near and around schools. ●Measure T-3:We commend the City of Carlsbad on their initiative to address Safe Routes to Schools to help promote safe walking and biking. However, the emphasis needs to be on engineering and redesigning streets with safe infrastructure since education and enforcement are not elements that address the lack of safety in the built environment where streets are built for high speed and cut through traffic. ●Measure T-1, T-3 and T-5: The CAP’s Safe Routes to School is missing important pedestrian safety components for safe crossing such as speed tables and flashing beacons for mid-block crossings. Sidewalks are not enough because at some point folks need to cross fast and dangerous streets. ●Measure T-4: Paint is not enough. The City of Carlsbad needs to take a Class IV approach where biking is secure, safe and separated from fast, free flowing traffic. We commend the City on their plans for Class I bike lanes, but the need for a network of safe and protected bike lanes requires a Class IV approach in addition to multiuse bike trails. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 620 of 637 ●Measure T-3, T-6 and T9: The reduction of speed is a missing tool in the CAP. Utilizing AB 43 to slow streets will be essential to ensuring Safe Routes to School. AB 43 is also a powerful tool to create a network of streets that are 35 MPH or less for NEV/LSV for residents, staff and tourists alike. Carlsbad is the perfect city for street-legal golf carts and neighborhood electric vehicles. In fact, the City’s fleet conversion to all electric can include NEVs. Centering Equity and Green Jobs Overall, equity has been thoughtfully and clearly integrated throughout the CAP update. We acknowledge and appreciate the effort Carlsbad has made with reaching out to communities, especially tribes, as well as the efforts put into engaging communities through workshops, listening sessions, and events. Here are some recommendations for improvements. ●The City of Carlsbad needs to prioritize Communities of Concern, who are first and foremost impacted by the climate crisis, by identifying funding to create tools such as the Climate Equity Index that cities like Chula Vista and San Diego have. ●The City of Carlsbad should partner with universities, schools, and labor unions to ensure access to apprenticeship programs and other pipelines for high-paying jobs within renewable energy or circular economy sectors. ●Finally, we encourage the City of Carlsbad to consider community residents who may not be residents due to lack of affordability, but are still vital members of the community as workers or are tribal members who have been displaced from their ancestral coastal homelands. ○Examples include ensuring that workers have access to rebates or home-owner purchased electric leaf blowers (to account for bans on gas-powered leaf blowers) as well as access to affordable and accessible renewable energy-based transportation options. This access should include education about alternatives to gas-powered appliances, as well as potential travel vouchers or rebates for electric vehicles or bicycles. ○Other examples include working with tribes to ensure renewable energy-based transportation from the reservations to the coast through electric shuttles or vouchers for public transportation options. Thank you for the opportunity to weigh in on the development of this critically important document. Sincerely, Anthony Dang Policy and Community Outreach Manager Climate Action Campaign Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 621 of 637 NAIOP San Diego BOMA San Diego San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce California Apartment Associa=on Southern California Rental Housing Associa=on California Restaurant Associa=on Building Industry Associa=on of San Diego San Diego County Lodging Associa=on Associated General Contractors San Diego TRANSMITTED ELECTRONICALLY August 16, 2024 Ka/e Hentrich, CAP Administrator Environmental Sustainability City of Carlsbad 1635 Faraday Ave. Carlsbad, CA 92008 RE: DRAFT Climate Ac/on Plan Update Comments Dear Ka/e: On behalf of the undersigned coali/on, please accept our comments on the draP Climate Ac/on Plan (CAP) Update documents the City has posted on its website. As previously communicated, much of the draP iden/fies goals and thema/c requirements, but does not provide sufficient detail to determine what would actually be required of Carlsbad property owners. Unfortunately, numerous jurisdic/ons have taken the same approach, which seems by design, to build momentum for yet to be iden/fied implementa/on measures that could be costly and unachievable. Our coali/on has strong concerns about this approach because this masks the true costs and actual implementa/on challenges, and obfuscates for the public what might be required of them to achieve these new standards. Targets WILL be met WITHOUT the need to adopt more stringent requirements Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 622 of 637 It should also be noted that the city’s own analysis shows that you are going to achieve the state required targets by 2035. The measures to achieve this are already extremely onerous, and going beyond them will have significant impacts to the city’s ability to create housing and jobs. Longer term goals are so far out that it would be prudent to hold off on new and more onerous mandates on private property owners, par/cularly in these uncertain economic /mes. State requirements are only geHng STRONGER Given the stated desire to address longer term target “trajectories,” it’s important to consider that the State of California, both through the legisla/ve process, as well as the regulatory process, through its triennial building code updates, is constantly ratche/ng up its energy conserva/on and GHG reduc/on requirements. This applies to both the built environment, through Title 24, among others, as well as in transporta/on for both commercial and personal vehicles. In fact, the State of California will soon be releasing its new statewide building code before the end of the year, which promises an even more stringent set of energy conserva/on and GHG reduc/on requirements. The City should wait un/l these new rules are published and then analyze their beneficial impacts on further reducing GHG emissions to determine what, if any, delta to the targets would exist. Transporta=on is the MAIN driver of GHG, not the built environment As the greenhouse gas inventory conducted by city staff demonstrates, the vast majority of climate emissions are from transporta/on. This is an area where the state is making big strides, par/cularly with recent mandates to phase out sales of gas combus/on consumer and business vehicles. On the local level, our coali/on believes the best way to control transporta/on emissions is to increase job crea/on adjacent to where people live. In Carlsbad, while there has been excellent planning to try and balance jobs and housing, more could be done on this front to improve the distance between where people live, where they work and where they seek their services. Adding new and onerous burdens to construc/on will only work against this kind of meaningful co-loca/on that balances jobs-housing-services. Carlsbad property owners and jobs creators are PARTNERS in the effort The ability to achieve these ever increasing and stringent goals are an indica/on of the strong partnership with the business community and your residents. Our coali/on has invested millions of dollars in upgrading for energy efficiency, and building new structures that are some of the “greenest” on the planet. Rather than pursuing aspira/onal and economically debilita/ng “REACH” codes, the City should instead look at incen/ves to help further promote GHG reducing ac/ons by the private sector. The City should celebrate the greenest developments. INCENTIVES work when seeking more than what is already required Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 623 of 637 An excellent example is in the installa/on of photovoltaic as well as the acquisi/on of electric vehicles and installa/on of EV chargers. When incen/ves, like tax credits, are applied, acceptance and adop/on increase exponen/ally. When they stop or are reduced, like the recent decision by the CPUC to change net metering rules, adop/on drama/cally drops. The City should focus on incen/ves for change, rather than mandates which only harm small businesses and divert limited investment capital. Costs to the private sector were never fully analyzed The City did a good job of analyzing the impact of the proposed CAP requirements to itself. This included an analysis of the cost to the city of improving all city buildings and the vehicle fleet, as well as the cost of city staff /me to implement and regulate the CAP. Unfortunately, the city did not similarly detail the impact to the private par/es who are subject to these poten/al new and significant requirements. We would respecfully ask that staff be directed to do a meaningful cost impact analysis and one that takes into considera/on the investment cycle for businesses. We have seen, when these kinds of analysis are done, the consultants oPen refer back to extremely long /meframes for amor/za/on of the cost, similar to a mortgage type ownership length. Businesses assess investments in capital improvements over a much shorter period of /me, usually about 5 years. Despite the comments in the staff report that these improvements “save money”, the poten/al requirements are expensive investments that will lead to higher costs for goods, services and housing in the near and mid-term. These costs should not be given short shriP. The City should take ac=on to LEAD in the mean=me In addi/on to incen/ves, the City should take ac/on to address its own greenhouse gas emissions. Leading by example and inves/ng in its own efforts, as detailed in the staff report, would be a signaling message and provide addi/onal reduc/ons not contemplated under the city’s currently approved plan. Those ac/ons include: •Wastewater energy efficiency improvements •Water recycling expansion and energy efficiency improvements •Renewable energy expansion at city facili/es, including solar carports at city facili/es •Energy efficiency improvements at city facili/es •Expansion of clean vehicle fleets for city vehicles Addi=onal comments With these general thoughts in mind, we offer the following comments on the theme areas included in the draP plan: •Energy efficiency in non-residen=al and residen=al buildings - as stated above, any addi/onal requirements should be delayed un/l the requirements of the new state Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 624 of 637 building code can be reviewed. REACH codes cost money, which results in higher rents and, in many cases, a movement of investment outside the city. Statements that these improvements “save money” are overstated and incorrect. This is basically a new tax on jobs creators, small businesses and city residents. In the interim, the city should find incen/ves to spur energy efficiency improvements in exis/ng buildings. •Energy performance requirements for both non-residen=al and residen=al buildings - this is electrifica/on by another name. Our coali/on would like to point out that a lawsuit brought against the City of Berkeley successfully blocked the manda/ng of building electrifica/on. Seing performance standards that can only be met through electrifica/on would essen/ally create the same mandate. Staff has noted that there may be other ways to achieve the performance standards, but it’s unclear how the performance standards would be applied to different types of buildings, and, as such, the total reduc/on sought could end up crea/ng de facto requirements that would be economically prohibi/ve, impac/ng your businesses and your homeowners. This should not be adopted. •Emissions benchmarking reports - state law already requires this repor/ng. Our coali/on feels this is duplica/ve and unnecessary. That said, other jurisdic/ons, like the City of San Diego, also have overlapping requirements for these reports. We would strongly recommend, like how the City of San Diego addressed this same concern, that the required reports mirror those already provided to the state. Energy Star Porfolio Manager is the tool used, and we’d recommend that tool be used here, if a duplica/ve requirement is adopted. •Decarboniza=on of exis=ng buildings - it’s unclear what this means, but like the comments on energy performance requirements, if the net result of this are new requirements to ban natural gas, then there are legal concerns to consider. If there are other requirements being contemplated, these will likely significantly increase costs. As noted previously, the City will more than meet its goals in the next ten years. The City, rather than crea/ng new legal risk, or raising the cost for City residents and employers, should look at incen/ves, not new mandates. •Waste diversion - the diversion of organic waste, while laudable, creates the poten/al for unintended consequences. Any program should be phased in, and, most importantly, be considered against other City requirements that might prevent implementa/on. An example would be parking requirements. Most proper/es do not have the space to place addi/onal dumpsters for newly diverted waste, crea/ng a compliance issues if parking were to be taken up to place those receptacles. •Transporta=on Demand Management - Transporta/on demand management is a cau/onary tale. In some cases, mandates under a TDM program that drive either opera/onal changes or impact employees from a cost or convenience standpoint could drive businesses out of Carlsbad, which harms your economic development efforts, as well Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 625 of 637 as conflicts with the greatest means of reducing emissions, which is having jobs adjacent to homes in your community. Voluntary programs, coupled with financial incen/ves to pay for ride sharing are something to be used and expanded. Addi/onal analysis should also be completed to determine the opportuni/es and impacts. Given COVID-era driven changes in work habits, a number of employers are allowing an even greater share of work from home opportuni/es, which may mean that these goals are already being readily met. Focus should also be paid to improving the area’s transit services, including shukle services to and from rail sta/ons. Convenience drives behavior, so that could assist greatly in reducing auto trips. Lastly, the State of California has already mandated the phasing out of combus/on vehicle sales. There should be much less concern about vehicle emissions, given the /me horizons for these mandates. •Transporta=on - the City should focus on ways it can improve its circula/on network and expand transit service rather than mandate expensive new requirements on jobs creators. If electric vehicle requirements from the state, including the phasing out of combus/on vehicle sales in the near term, are not enough, then the focus should be to work with NCTD and AMTRAK to create beker transit service to be an effec/ve and desirable alterna/ve. •EV charging and photovoltaic mandates should be carefully considered - these are extremely expensive requirements that are not easily achieved, par/cularly in commercial seings, and not always effec/ve when usage is factored in. Serving those addi/onal loads on a property-by-property basis can be challenging, and expensive. In most instances where they have been installed, chargers sit vacant and unused. In others, they are targets for theP and vandalism. The other considera/on is the ability of the u/lity to serve this increased load, and on a property by property basis, the ability of the equipment providing electrical service to also serve the on-site load. When it can’t, the cost to install new equipment to serve the expansion of EV charging will be significant. As in other comments, these mandates add to the cost of doing business or the cost of housing, and our coali/on believes the cost-benefit should be a factor in these decisions. •Parking Demand Management - Village and Barrio parking management studies are being conducted, so no ac/on should be taken un/l those are done. Again, similar to the TDM discussion, cau/on should be used in crea/ng rules or requirements that make it difficult to develop or maintain a business within your community. Many of the ideas discussed under TDM in this leker could be considered for this as well. We do support the reduc/on of parking standards in areas where alterna/ve means of transporta/on are readily accessible. •Construc=on vehicles - mandates of this nature, where the equipment is either not available or extremely costly will only create compliance issues and place housing and jobs space creators in an untenable posi/on. Even if the equipment were available, it is expensive and results in higher costs of construc/on, which means more costly housing Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 626 of 637 and commercial space, neither of which should be acceptable, par/cularly given the current economic environment. The City should instead focus on leading by example and focusing its efforts on its own fleets and ac/vi/es. In closing, we’d like to thank staff for hearing our call last year for beker outreach. We have had the opportunity to meet with your team and discuss the draP plan. We are hopeful that these important concerns are taken seriously, and that the partnership the City prides itself on with the business and property-owning community is honored. Thank you for your /me and considera/on of these thoughts. Our organiza/ons are willing to con/nue to discuss these issues as you proceed with more specific update proposals. Sincerely, Craig Benedeko, NAIOP San Diego & BOMA San Diego Jus/ne Murray, San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce Melanie Woods, California Apartment Associa/on Molly Kirkland, Southern California Rental Housing Associa/on Chris Duggan, California Restaurant Associa/on Lori Holt Pfeiler, Building Industry Associa/on of San Diego Fred Tayco, San Diego County Lodging Associa/on Dus/n Steiner, Associated General Contractors San Diego CC: Paz Gomez, Deputy City Manager James Wood, Director, Environmental Sustainability Carlsbad City Councilmembers Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 627 of 637 From:Bob Wilcox To:Katie Hentrich; Planning Subject:Comment on draft CAP for Planning Commission Date:Tuesday, September 10, 2024 10:30:35 AM Members of the Carlsbad Planning Commission, I encourage you to endorse the draft Climate Action Plan prepared by city staff, without watering down, delaying or eliminating initiatives. As a Carlsbad homeowner and father oftwo (1 and 3 years old), I am encouraged that Carlsbad has such a thorough plan to reduce a large portion of its carbon emissions through many different avenues in the future. One area that I think could use more attention is further upzoning and approving more housingin our dense commercial districts like the Village, as well as along transit corridors and near the Poinsettia train station. This is something that might be best addressed through theHousing Element of the General Plan, but these zoning changes would likely have a larger impact on our region's long-term transportation emissions than many of the other proposed(and worthwhile!) initiatives. I understand that there are political challenges with such changes, but the potential benefits are too great to ignore. I want to express my thanks to the staff for all of their hard work on this comprehensive plan. Regards,Bob Wilcox CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 628 of 637 TRANSMITTED ELECTRONICALLY September 3, 2024 Carlsbad Planning Commission 1635 Faraday Avenue Carlsbad, CA 92008 RE: Climate Action Plan Update Dear Planning Commissioners: I am writing to share Biocom California’s input on the draft Climate Action Plan (CAP) being considered by Planning Commission on September 4. Biocom California is the state’s life science association, headquartered in San Diego. We represent over 1,800 members in California and beyond with 614 of them having a presence in the San Diego region. Our members range from one person research operations to large-scale manufacturing – all working to better the human condition by developing treatments and cures. The life science industry shares the city’s goal of reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Our facilities are generally newer and comply with a wide variety of regulatory requirements related to sustainability. In some cases, these facilities are not able to operate with 100% electric service due to specific needs. It is important to keep in mind the requirements of research laboratories as reach codes are being proposed. One consideration is the use of gas-powered backup generators needed to ensure that research continues in the case of a power outage. Research happens around the clock, and backup battery technology does not exist to operate laboratories during an outage. Additionally, some technologies such as boilers have very precise temperature needs that can only be achieved using gas power. Finally, we echo the concerns of others in the building community that we have not received confirmation from electric providers that the grid can handle all facilities operating 100% electric. Given these limitations, we urge the city to consider alternative compliance in its enactment of any potential reach codes. We have participated in several meeting with city staff regarding the CAP and remain available to give input on behalf of the life science community as the city develops implementing regulations related to the plan. Thank you, Melanie Cohn Senior Director, Regional Policy & Government Affairs Biocom California Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 629 of 637 t Biocom California Biocom California BOMA San Diego Building Industry Associa:on of San Diego San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce California Apartment Associa:on San Diego County Lodging Associa:on San Diego North Economic Development Council Southern California Rental Housing Associa:on California Restaurant Associa:on Associated General Contractors San Diego NAIOP San Diego TRANSMITTED ELECTRONICALLY October 1, 2024 Planning Commission City of Carlsbad 1635 Faraday Avenue Carlsbad, CA 92008 RE: DraG Climate AcHon Plan Update Dear Members of the Planning Commission: On behalf of the undersigned coaliHon of jobs and housing providers, we are wriHng today in support of Items 1 and 2 on the list of staff recommendaHons and in opposiHon to Items 3, 4 and 5. Under Item 2, we would request some minor modificaHons, to remove the requirement for electrificaHon of construcHon equipment, as well as the expansion of the “transportaHon demand management” or TDM requirements. By adopHng RecommendaHons 1 and 2 with these modificaHons, you are sHll not only meeHng your near-term goals of aZainment by 2035, you will also do so for the 2045 Hmeframe. RecommendaHons 1 and 2 allow Carlsbad to be a leader on reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), while also balancing the cost and consequences to your residents and businesses. It also helps protect against legal risk to the City in moving forward with a de facto electrificaHon mandate through a Reach Code. In terms of the concerns regarding the other opHons, the coaliHon is opposed to the adopHon of a separate Reach Code. The state code, including the recently finalized triennial building code, is one of the most stringent in the world. And the new measures under the code would conHnue to ratchet up Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 630 of 637 October 2, 2024 To: Carlsbad Planning Commission Dear Planning Commissioners: On behalf of the Sierra Club’s Coaster group, I’d like to share some insights with the Climate Action Plan (CAP) update coming before you. The Coasters group includes the cities of Del Mar, Solana Beach, Encinitas, Carlsbad and Oceanside. Our local Carlsbad Sierra Club team has had a chance to review and discuss the measures presented within this current update. This update is a vast improvement over the original 2015 CAP. It is much more readable and comprehensive than the original. It will guide the city as it moves to meeting both its 2035 and 2045 greenhouse gas (GHG) emission reduction targets. Before addressing specific measures, we’d like to make some general comments: •It’s unfortunate that the best GHG inventory for transportation we have is from 2016. Our city needs to work with SANDAG to get more current data and have it done regularly on a bi-annual basis. With this sector accounting for 50% of our emissions it’s critical that timely, reliable inventories are available to make informed decisions. •Factored into our targets are the contributions from state and federal actions to lower our GHG emissions. For 2035 those combined actions account for 53% of our emissions, for 2045, 72% (calculated from Table 2-3, page 2-8). Very few agencies are meeting their targets in a timely manner and, therefore, the city should be aggressive in its goals to account for greater future costs and potential shortcomings by the state and national governments. •While outreach to specific groups, including us, has been helpful, the general public knows little about the climate crisis and what the city is doing to mitigate it. Community workshops would be helpful to educate the public and encourage them to take positive actions in their own lives. Make “How you can help” a prominent link to the higher order Environmental Sustainability webpage with includes the CAP. •Somewhere within the CAP the city should set a target date for zero carbon that is at least as aggressive as the state of 2045. •The city should expand its commuter mode shift goals citywide with targets to meet or exceed 50 percent walk/bike/roll/transit by 2035. Energy measures: E-1 – For municipal facilities consider opting up to 100% renewable energy with the Clean Energy Alliance (CEA) sooner than later. Also, replace, at end-of-life gas appliances with electric as much as possible. E-2 – The target date for CEA to supply all its customers with 100% renewable energy is 2035. As with the amendment to the first CAP, clean energy through CEA is one of the best ways of meeting our emission targets so consider a target for the city to have its default program for our residents be Green Impact (=100% clean energy) by 2030. Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 631 of 637 ·~lDiRA ST ~0..§, COUNTY coAS1P..'- Explore, Enjoy & Protect the Planet E-3.2 (non-residential) and E-4.2 (residential) – For new construction, now that the Berkeley case has been finalized, proceed with reach codes that apply high-performance, electric-preferred buildings. Encinitas is finalizing their ordinance and San Luis Obispo passed theirs last fall. Such ordinances look to optimize energy efficiency while still allowing for gas. Because the life span for new buildings is decades Carlsbad should update its building codes now to get the most emissions savings by encouraging electrification. E-5 – The Building Energy Benchmarking program is being taken over from the state. We need to ensure that the energy consumption reporting is accurate and timely and shared with building owners to help them make decisions about becoming more energy efficient. E-6 – Decarbonizing existing buildings will be a challenge. Therefore, aside from a target for 100% clean electricity, steps need to be taken to reduce or eliminate gas use in our current building stock. This means encouraging moving away from gas appliances AT LEAST at the end of their life span, if not sooner. As mentioned earlier, most residents don’t know much about climate actions including alternatives to gas water heaters, HVAC and cooking. Education and outreach are critical for this. The city should consider incentives to promote and track electrification installs when pulling permits. Transportation measures: This sector, accounting for 50% of our GHG emissions, is the most intractable with our southern California love of cars and independence. Bike lane and pedestrian improvements help and traffic calming measures promote road safety and lower emissions. But getting folks out of their cars will be difficult without some incentives. T-2 – The Transportation Demand Management (TDM) program for businesses was part of the original CAP and didn’t have much of an impact because it only addressed new businesses. In addition, it had a somewhat high threshold (average daily trips of >110 for employees) so only a few new businesses were mandated to have a TDM plan. There is room to lower that threshold to include more businesses, as pointed out in the CAP update. Also, existing businesses, particularly those large ones, should somehow be included in the program. Again, the sooner the recruitment is increased the greater the impact on our GHG reductions. The public should get an annual update on this program as part of the annual CAP reporting. T-3 – While the Safe Routes to Schools doesn’t specifically cover idling, it should. Because Carlsbad Unified School District has no school buses, the majority of our students drive themselves (high school) or have parents drop off and pick them up. This latter group often encounters lines at the schools resulting in excess idling which contributes to both GHG emissions and other air pollutants impacting student health. The city should be working with our school districts to implement anti-idling at our school sites and/or promoting much higher alternative modes of transport to and from schools. T-7 – It’s good to see the TDM program being expanded to include city facilities/employees. The city should be a role model for businesses in our region and this is a good way to do that. T-8 – To increase the use of EVs the expansion of charging infrastructure is important. While the city updates its EV Siting Plan, staff should look at the Public EV Charging Infrastructure Playbook if they haven’t already done so. T-9 – Updating the city fleet to all electric vehicles should be the target. Last summer the majority of the council voted to purchase 40 all gas-powered police cruisers rather than consider alternatives. Let’s hope this measure does a better job at addressing the problem of transportation emissions even in public service vehicles than we’ve seen recently. EVs will also have a payback in reduced maintenance costs as the fleet ages. T-10 – Proper parking management can be a valuable tool to incentivize employees not to drive. It should be included within the TDMs for both businesses and the city (T-2/T-7). As worded in the CAP update, this is a Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 632 of 637 rather vague measure and primarily addresses actions through existing plans like the Village and Barrio Parking Plan rather than a city-wide business approach to reduce employee trips. Free parking is not free and the city needs to look to the future in evaluating its parking strategies. Off-Road Equipment Measure: OR-1 – As written this measure only addresses gas-powered leaf blowers. As much as possible it should include all lawn equipment. To prevent a financial hardship to landscapers, phase in this measure over 1-2 years, like Encinitas did, to allow for end-of-life conversion to electric equipment. Carbon Sequestration Measure: CS-1 – Community Forest Management which includes a replacement of 2:1 for city trees should be expanded to include HOAs which may have CC&Rs covering tree replacements. Our informal survey of some HOAs in Oceanside found that tree replacement policies are not be followed. Hopefully, Measure CS-1.c, the 5-year urban canopy study will include this. In closing, we support all the measures present in the CAP update with our suggestions for improvements. The most critical component is this: the sooner the measures are implemented the greater the GHG savings. Global action isn’t happening fast enough. Every level of government should be doing their utmost to address the problem. Carlsbad has the opportunity to lead by example. Thank you for your consideration. Paige DeCino Paige DeCino Sierra Club Coasters Executive Committee member Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 633 of 637 these GHG reducing measures in new construcHon and tenant improvements. The City’s own GHG reducHons would significantly benefit from these changes once they go into effect. Going beyond with a Reach Code only puts Carlsbad at a compeHHve disadvantage with your neighbors as a Reach Code comes at a high cost, which would dramaHcally increase the cost of both residenHal housing and commercial tenancy. It would also create legal risk, as was seen in the City of Berkeley. The coaliHon is also opposed to the new requirements related to the electrificaHon of construcHon equipment. In most cases, this kind of equipment is not available and, where it is, is extremely expensive. Mass producHon at useful grade for construcHon sites is not expected for some Hme, if at all, given the power needs for this kind of equipment. We would recommend delaying this item unHl a subsequent update to beZer determine the state of the market. Regarding TDM, it is a difficult measure to implement as it’s expensive, unpopular with employees and impossible to manage. As was noted at the previous Planning Commission hearing, Carlsbad businesses and property owners are already avoiding triggering these requirements under the current CAP, given their high cost. Further, depending on the TDM requirements, congesHon pricing and puniHve parking fees would disproporHonately impact lower income workers, and for the lodging industry, dissuade visitors from coming to Carlsbad. In short, expanding TDM would likely achieve liZle in the way of GHG reducHons, and create a number of other impacts, including fewer tourists, less TOT, and for those who choose to avoid triggering the requirements, further reducing tenant improvement investments, which would age the city’s building stock. Lastly, we conHnue to have concerns about the lack of financial impact analysis for the proposed acHons. While the City was willing to expend money to determine the impact to itself, it didn’t afford the same acHon for impacts to the regulated community. We believe this kind of analysis should be done before approval, not aGer when implementaHon is being considered. In closing, we thank the Planning Commission and City staff for hearing the concerns of our coaliHon and providing a reasonable, yet aggressive opHon in the OpHon 1 recommendaHon. With our addiHonal modificaHons, we would respeceully request your support of RecommendaHon Items 1 and 2. Sincerely, Melanie Cohn, Biocom California W. Erik Bruvold, San Diego North Economic Development Council Craig BenedeZo, NAIOP San Diego & BOMA San Diego JusHne Murray, San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce Melanie Woods, California Apartment AssociaHon Molly Kirkland, Southern California Rental Housing AssociaHon Chris Duggan, California Restaurant AssociaHon Lori Holt Pfeiler, Building Industry AssociaHon of San Diego Fred Tayco, San Diego County Lodging AssociaHon DusHn Steiner, Associated General Contractors San Diego CC: Paz Gomez, Deputy City Manager James Wood, Director, Environmental Sustainability Carlsbad City Councilmembers Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 634 of 637 Exhibit 7 Planning Commission Staff Report Dated Sept. 4, 2024 (on file in the Office of the City Clerk) Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 635 of 637 Exhibit 8 Planning Commission Staff Report Dated Oct. 2, 2024 (on file in the Office of the City Clerk) Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 636 of 637 Exhibit 9 City Council Resolution No. 2024-014 (on file in the Office of the City Clerk) Nov. 12, 2024 Item #8 Page 637 of 637 NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARING NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN to you, because your interest may be affected, that the City Council of the City of Carlsbad will hold a public hearing at the Council Chamber, 1200 Carlsbad Village Drive, Carlsbad, California, at 5 p.m. on Tuesday, Nov. 12, 2024, to consider (1) certification of Addendum No. 1 to the Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Supplemental Environmental Impact Report for the Climate Action Plan Update; and (2) adopting one of the following City Council resolutions for the Climate Action Plan Update: 1) Adopt a resolution adopting the publicly posted Draft Climate Plan Update, excluding Measures E-3.2, E-3.3 and E-4.2 (Nonresidential Building Energy -Updated Reach Code, Nonresidential Building Energy-Solar Carports, and Residential Building Energy -Updated Reach Code, respectively), to meet the required 2045 reduction target; OR 2) Adopt a resolution adopting the publicly posted Draft Climate Action Plan Update, excluding Measure E-3 .2 (Nonresidential Building Energy-Updated Reach Code), which would exceed the 2045 reduction target by approximately 200 MT CO 2e; OR 3) Adopt a resolution adopting the publicly posted Draft Climate Action Plan Update, excluding Measure E-4.2 (Residential Building Energy-Updated Reach Code), which would exceed the 2045 reduction target by approximately 4,000 MT CO2e; OR 4) Adopt a resolution adopting the publicly posted Draft Climate Action Plan Update, which would exceed the 2045 reduction target by approximately 6,000 MT CO2e. More information on the project overall is available at: ~partments/environmentat-sustainability/climate-action-plan. On Sept. 22, 2015, the City Council certified the Final Program Environmental Impact Report for the General Plan Update and Climate Action Plan, State Clearinghouse Number 2011011004 (EIR 12-02) with Resolution No. 2015-242. EIR 13-02 evaluated the potential environmental effects of implementing the greenhouse gas reduction measures in the 2015 Climate Action Plan. On Jan. 30, 2024, the City Council certified the Supplemental Environmental Impact Report for the 2023 Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Update, State Clearinghouse Number 2022090339 (EIR 2022-0007) with Resolution No. 2024-0014. EIR 2022-0007 evaluated the potential environmental effects of implementing the greenhouse gas reduction measures contained in the Climate Action Plan Update. The city has determined that EIR 13-02 and EIR 2022-0007 are of continuing informational value and that the potential environmental impacts of the Climate Action Plan Update are within the scope of these previously certified documents. The city has determined that none of the conditions requiring subsequent or supplemental environmental review under CEQA Guidelines section 15162 exist for the Climate Action Plan Update. An addendum was prepared and indicated no significant environmental impacts would occur as a result of implementing the Climate Action Plan Update. On Oct. 2, 2024, the City of Carlsbad Planning Commission (1) voted 7/0 to recommend certification of Addendum No. 1 to the Housing Element Implementation and Public Safety Element Supplemental Environmental Impact Report for the Climate Action Plan Update; and (2) voted 4/3 (Kamenjarin, Lafferty, Danna -No) to recommend adopting the publicly posted Draft Climate Plan Update, excluding Measures E-3.2, E-3.3 and E-4.2 (Nonresidential Building Energy -Updated Reach Code, Nonresidential Building Energy -Solar Carports, and Residential Building Energy -Updated Reach Code, respectively), to meet the required 2045 reduction target. Those persons wishing to speak on this proposal are cordially invited to attend the public hearing. Copies of the staff report will be available on and after Nov. 8, 2024. If you have any questions, please contact Katie Hentrich in the Climate Action Planning Division at (442) 339-2623 or katie.hentrich@carlsb.adc.a..go_v. The meeting can be viewed online at www.carlsbadca.gQYlcit_y_:: hall/meetings-agendas or on the city's cable channel. In addition, written comments may be submitted to the City Council at or prior to the hearing via U.S. Mail to the attention of Office of the City Clerk, 1200 Carlsbad Village Drive, Carlsbad, CA 92008, or via email to clerk@carlsbadca.goy. If you challenge these actions in court, you may be limited to raising only those issues you or someone else raised at the public hearing described in this notice or in written correspondence delivered to the City of Carlsbad, Attn: City Clerk's Office, 1200 Carlsbad Village Drive, Carlsbad, CA 92008, at or prior to the public hearing. CASE NAME: CLIMATE ACTION PLAN UPDATE PUBLISH: FRIDAY, NOV. 1, 2024 CITY OF CARLSBAD CITY COUNCIL Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Subject: City Leaders, virginia cemashko <vcemashko@sbcglobal.net> Saturday, November 9, 2024 11 :20 AM City Clerk Climate Action Committee: Leaf Blowers I'm writing in support of a city regulation of gasoline powered leaf blowers. All Receive -Agenda Item # ~ For the Information of the: .9~~qUNCIL Date /..lb;;lf2/:.A YCC -- CM ~CM Y1JCM (3) ~ At my home I am surrounded by neighbors who maintain their gardens with hired gardeners. These firms/small businesses all use noisy, fume emitting gasoline leaf blowers. My peace and tranquility are interrupted 3-4 times a week by these machines. I am semi-retired and continue to work from home. I respectfully ask you to consider a city reg to transition to quieter, less polluting electric battery powered leaf blowers in a timely fashion. I would not wish to wait until 2035! Thank you for your attention. CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless ou recognize the sender and know the content i safe. 1 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Subject: Diana A <dra805@gmail.com> Sunday, November 10, 2024 9:07 PM City Clerk; Keith Blackburn; Carolyn Luna; Melanie Burkholder; Teresa Acosta; Priya Bhat- Patel Agenda Item # 8 Support Updated Climate Action Plan. Dear Mayor Blackburn & City Councilmembers, By supporting a CAP, our City will actively contribute to a world where children and future generations can enjoy a stable climate, healthy environments, and economic opportunities in a sustainable society. Please approve the Climate Action Plan (CAP) as presented by staff member Katie Henrich. In addition please include these items that were previously presented to the Planning Commission and included in the original CAP. Measure E-3.2: Nonresidential Building Energy -Updated city building or "reach code" to include updated energy performance-based requirements for new nonresidential buildings. Measure E-3.3: Nonresidential Building Energy -Construct "solar carports" (also known as installing solar panels over outdoor parking spaces) at eligible city-owned parking lots. Measure E-4:2 Residential Building Energy -Updated city's building code, or "reach code," to include updated energy performance-based requirements for new residential buildings. These measures demonstrate the city's commitment to sustainable development and proactive climate action, aligning with the CAP goals to reduce pollution, promote renewable energy, and protect public health and the environment. -Reduction of Greenhouse Gas Emissions: By adopting updated energy performance requirements for both nonresidential and residential buildings, the city would significantly reduce energy consumption, thereby lowering greenhouse gas emissions from heating, cooling, and lighting. 1 -Increased Renewable Energy Adoption: Installing solar carports in city- owned parking lots helps increase the city's renewable energy capacity, contributing to a more sustainable and diversified energy grid, reducing dependency on fossil fuels. -Long-Term Energy Savings: Energy-efficient buildings often result in lower utility costs, encouraging long-term energy conservation and minimizing the overall energy demand, which aligns with sustainable urban development goals. -Enhanced Resilience and Climate Adaptation: Energy-efficient and solar- powered infrastructure creates a more resilient community by providing clean energy sources and reducing strain on the electric grid, especially during extreme weather events linked to climate change. -Leadership and Community Influence: By updating its building codes, the city sets an example for businesses, residents, and other cities to follow, promoting a culture of environmental responsibility and climate action. -Local Job Creation in Green Industries: Increased demand for solar installations and energy-efficient construction practices supports local green job growth, contributing positively to the economy while reducing environmental impact. -Improved Air Quality: Reduced reliance on non-renewable energy decreases air pollutants associated with fossil fuel energy production, which can improve local air quality and public health. Thank you for taking my input into consideration. Diana Aguirre, CA Naturalist Certified, Citizen's Academy Graduate 2023, Resident District 3. CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content i safe. 2 11/11/24 Mayor, council members, At the council meeting on 11/12/24 you'll be reviewing the updated Climate Action Plan (CAP). This has been in the works for over a year and the final version will set Carlsbad on the right, sustainable path toward addressing climate change. Last month the Planning Commission by a 4-3 vote recommended adopting the CAP with the exception of removing the reach codes in E-3.2 and E-4.2 as well as E-3.3 solar carports. I'd like to address some of the concerns related to these 3 measures based upon the letter submitted to the Planning Commission (PC) by a coalition of business interests. 1) On page 3 of their 8/16/24 letter to the PC they wrote: "The City should take action to LEAD in the meantime--Renewable energy expansion at city facilities, including solar carports at city facilities." The reason the PC voted to remove solar canopies wasn't due to any opposition from stakeholders in the community but the fact that that measure (E-3.3) happened to get lumped in with the 2 reach codes. By a slim majority the PC wanted to eliminate the reach codes and the solar carports were dragged along. Please remove that measure from consideration for removal. 2) Within the same letter was the comment "Reach codes cost money." However, no clear examples have been given to indicate this is true. Our team and staff have repeatedly told public forums (PC and council meetings) that in order for any reach code to be approved by the CA Energy Commission it must be cost effective. There are ways to write up reach code ordinances fairly quickly. First, the state has an easy-to- use tool, the Cost Effectiveness Exp lorer. This tool allows for mixed-fuel use in buildings. Secondly, other cities have adopted high performance reach code ordinances, specifically, Encinitas and San Luis Obispo. These, too, allow for mixed-fuel use and can be used as a starting point to create an ordinance for Carlsbad. 3) Another point their letter and public comments to the PC brought up, was that the updated CAP didn't do an analysis on the cost impact from reach codes on the business community. In response to that I would point out that Council never directed staff to do any such study and, furthermore, for each reach code the time to analyze cost-effectiveness is once the ordinance details have been determined and written up not before the specifics have been laid out. 4) The reach codes under consideration have been part of Carlsbad's CAP since 2019. These are not newly minted measures. What the businesses are asking for is a big step backwards. 5) Their concerns for electrifying commercial buildings are valid. Not all businesses are created equal and some, such as laboratories, may need natural gas. However, exemptions can (and have been) written into ordinances to allow for special use. Also, as mentioned above, the currently adopted reach codes in other cities allow for mixed-fuel use. 6) Two local developments -Laguna Row and Marja Acres -are all electric. From discussions with the architect (LR, Brett Fa rrow) and developer (MA, KB Home) they saved, respectively, $100,000-200,000 and over $1,000,000 by not installing natural gas lines to their buildings. Carlsbad residents and businesses, contribute to the climate crisis every day by using gas in our buildings. With the CAP Update, we have the opportunity to imagine a different future for our children, and the tools to guide us. Choosing the CAP update with all measures, including building electrification reach codes and municipal solar carports, is a necessary, strong step toward that better future. Sincerely, Paige DeCino on behalf of Carlsbad Sierra Club team Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Subject: kelly.leberthon12@gmail.com Tuesday, November 12, 2024 6:46 AM City Clerk Agenda item 8 -Climate Action Plan (CAP) Americans spoke last week -rejecting identity politics and false media narratives and unifying around common sense issues like safe communities, crushing weight of inflation, family values and love of country. One false narrative pushed by media, climate alarmists and certain Carlsbad staff is a climate emergency based on greenhouse gas emissions. If only the truth were allowed to be published it would shine a light on green agenda lies we have been fed. The truth is, there is 'NO Climate Crisis' Says Coalition of 1,600 Actual Scientists ! There is however a crisis of nameless, faceless, unelected bureaucrats on commissions in California acting in bad faith. Those 1600 scientists from the CO2 Coalition shared the truth and good news referenced above in a May 2024 letter to the California Air Resources Board. The letter further stated: "Modest warming of California is beneficial and not a cause for concern: Globally, more people have died from the cold than from the heat since 2000. Increase in agricultural production: The combination of lengthened growing seasons (from warming) and increased CO2 concentrations has contributed to this increase. CO2 is essential : Plants need CO2, sunlight, water, and nutrients from the soil to produce food and oxygen, both of which are essential for human and animal lives. CO2 is beneficial: Exposing plants to higher concentrations of CO2 increases their growth, food production, and drought-resistance; and greens the Earth. California is in no danger of unusual drought: The annual precipitation in California has fluctuated greatly over the last 150 years, with only a slight decrease. Ski resorts are experiencing more snow: Most (21 of 22) ski resorts in California had increasing snowfall from 2012 to 2023. California is in no danger of drowning: North Spit, CA, has the highest rate of sea level rise of 0.005 meter/year, or 1.64 feet in l 00 years, which is easily mitigated. Less natural disasters over the years: Significantly reduced number of wildfires and acres burned were reported in the United States and globally; California has infrequent tornadoes, no landfalling hurricane from 1851 to 2023, and no tropical 1 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Subject: Council Internet Email Tuesday, November 12, 2024 8:25 AM City Clerk FW: Climate Action Plan Update From: Esteban Danna <dannaesteban@gmail.com> Sent: Monday, November 11, 2024 9:18 PM To: Council Internet Email <council@carlsbadca.gov> Subject: Climate Action Plan Update Dear Mayor and Members of the City Council, I am writing in support of option four (exceeding the 2045 reduction target by approximately 6,000 MT CO2e) of the Climate Action Plan Update. The Climate Action Plan Update can also introduce additional measures to improve its effectiveness and help the City of Carlsbad lead on this issue. When this item was heard and discussed by the Planning Commission, I recommended that the City Council consider the following additional measures for the Climate Action Plan Update: Water and Wastewater • Set a maximum percentage of the site area permitted to have high water use landscaping (grass/lawn). Energy • Reach codes should be applicable to building additions and intensification of use, not simple tenant improvements. Transportation • Coordinate with CUSD and CEF to analyze the implementation of school buses to calm traffic, reduce greenhouse gas emissions, and give children another transportation option other than e- bikes. • Coordinate high school bus routes with NCTD and CUSD. • Reduce the number of car trips by city employees by establishing a work from home policy instead of leaving it to the discretion of the City Manager or department directors. • Pay to park in village to incentivize alternative modes of transportation, proceeds to go to climate change programs 1 Off-Road Equipment • Expand to all gardening equipment, not just leaf blowers Thank you, Esteban Danna Planning Commissioner CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content i safe. 2 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Council Internet Email Sent: To: Tuesday, November 12, 2024 8:27 AM City Clerk Subject: FW: In Support of Solar Canopies over City Owned Parking Lots in Carlsbad From: David Garmon <jdgarmon@mac.com> Sent: Monday, November 11, 2024 9:41 PM To: Council Internet Email <council@carlsbadca.gov> Subject: In Support of Solar Canopies over City Owned Parking Lots in Carlsbad Dear Carlsbad Council, It has come to my attention you will hear the proposed updated Climate Action Plan tomorrow, November 12th, and that building Solar Canopies over city owned parking lots is on the agenda. The Tubb Canyon Desert Conservancy, based in Borrego Springs, greatly appreciates your efforts to build local, in-basin renewable electricity generation over parking lots, rooftops, and vacant land in Carlsbad. Your approach to renewable energy is the least expensive and most resilient alternative as we all strive for 100°/o renewable energy by 2045. Your efforts to build a sustainable grid that is beneficial to rate payers and the environment will help reduce the perceived need to build remote, utility-scale solar farms in the fragile and biodiverse deserts of East Count, as well as the need to build a $2.3 billion dollar, 130 mile long, 500 kV transmission line that will scar the countryside between our two cities. Please know that we in the East County support and applaud your efforts. 1 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Subject: Barbara Diamond <diamondbarb@gmail.com> Tuesday, November 12, 2024 10:54 AM City Clerk Tiem # 8 Carlsbad City Council, Tonight there will be testimony arguing how strong the CAP measures should be. For me, this is a non issue. All of us should make the maximum effort to reduce GreenHouse Gases. Climate change is expensive and we will all be paying for it in various ways, e.g. increased taxes to cover the weather calamities, higher insurance premiums etc. Some businesses feel that they should be able to continue business as usual or their businesses would suffer serious losses. The history of this country shows that capitalism has always recovered; think of the great depression, the stagflation of the ?O's, the 2008 collapse. For the environment, passing the tipping point means NO recovery. There is a consensus among scientists that life as we know it will not survive if the temperatures increase another three degrees. So far, the global temperature is rising despite efforts to reduce the use of fossil fuels. Timelines for predicting the tipping points range around 2045. This means that time is of the essence. Council, the ball is in your court. I am begging you to make the difficult, but correct vote to approve of all the CAP measures. Blow back from the business community is likely and you may lose some financial support, but in exchange you will have the gratitude and respect of your average resident, their progeny and all the critters that live and breathe in this beautiful community of Carlsbad. Sincerely, Barbara C. Diamond 3808 Skyline Road, Carlsbad CA 92008 1 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Cc: Subject: Attachments: City of Carlsbad November 12, 2024 Mayor, Council Members - maryoren < maryoren@aol.com > Tuesday, November 12, 2024 11:12 AM City Clerk Mary Oren Item #8 11/12/24 Council comments from team 11.12.24.docx Thank you for your hard work to lead our beloved Carlsbad, surviving the process of running for office and taking on the responsibility of getting things done for our better future -is something we deeply appreciate! Some speaking today worked hard to get you in place to do what you do! As Stevie Wonder sang many decades ago, Here We Are On Earth Together, It's You and I. We share this moment up close where we see smiles and concerned faces and miraculously at a distance - technology reminds us of the spinning blue globe we share making its way around our sun every day. It's happening this minute in the room here and united on a big blue ball with a nearly full moon tagging along. With boots on the ground, I'm proud to say we've done a responsible job in Carlsbad. So what exactly have we done? We've been open to progress, taking on needs and challenges with the kind of technology available to help us improve our quality of life. As time goes on we understand bad habits based on outdated technology can prove challenging yet we have to figure out a way to fix things. At this moment, it's urgent. We're in that space of science and technology evolving to a better understanding of what we did right and what we did wrong, we just need leadership and community action to take a turn toward responsible progress, responsible management of our brilliant place under the sun. Carlsbad has come so far from the early days of magical water underground toward a desalination facility in place way ahead of other coastal communities. We removed an outdated energy source and eye sore along the coast and are embracing clean solar technology. We have improved road management with safer bike routes, provided popular commuter transit services that are heavily utilized and growing in routes and popularity and so much more is on the table that must be addressed now. Over the years, we've asked and you responded as our leaders. Things don't seem to adjust on a global level fast enough these days let's be real -but that does not mean we can stop or slow down or dismiss the urgency of action in our town now. We've put together a request for you that needs quick action, ownership and dedication and we urge you to choose the CAP update with all measures, including building electrification reach codes and municipal solar carports as just the start of more solar expansion and storage to meet our energy use now and in the future. It's so cliche but our kids and their kids and theirs -are counting on you, on us right now to do everything we can to address the serious impact our prior energy use has had on our planet, our 1 community, our future. We are in this together and must do all that we can to repair the damage that has been done. Science and technology has done their part, informed and given us options over the years. It is our responsibility as leaders and citizens to act on the science and technology available for us to respond to today. Thank you. With gratitude, Mary Oren Carlsbad resident 25 years Sierra Club Member CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content i safe. 2 11/11/24 Mayor, council members, At the council meeting on 11/12/24 you'll be reviewing the updated Climate Action Plan (CAP). This has been in the works for over a year and the final version will set Carlsbad on the right, sustainable path toward addressing climate change. Last month the Planning Commission by a 4-3 vote recommended adopting the CAP with the exception of removing the reach codes in E-3.2 and E-4.2 as well as E-3.3 solar carports. I'd like to address some of the concerns related to these 3 measures based upon the letter submitted to the Planning Commission (PC) by a coalition of business interests. 1) On page 3 of their 8/16/24 letter to the PC they wrote: "The City should take action to LEAD in the meantime--Renewable energy expansion at city facilities, including solar carports at city facilities." The reason the PC voted to remove solar canopies wasn't due to any opposition from stakeholders in the community but the fact that that measure (E-3.3) happened to get lumped in with the 2 reach codes. By a slim majority the PC wanted to eliminate the reach codes and the solar carports were dragged along. Please remove that measure from consideration for removal. 2) Within the same letter was the comment "Reach codes cost money." However, no clear examples have been given to indicate this is true. Our team and staff have repeatedly told public forums (PC and council meetings) that in order for any reach code to be approved by the CA Energy Commission it must be cost effective. There are ways to write up reach code ordinances fairly quickly. First, the state has an easy-to- use tool, the Cost Effectiveness Explorer. This tool allows for mixed-fuel use in buildings. Secondly, other cities have adopted high performance reach code ordinances, specifically, Encinitas and San Luis Obispo. These, too, allow for mixed-fuel use and can be used as a starting point to create an ordinance for Carlsbad. 3) Another point their letter and public comments to the PC brought up, was that the updated CAP didn't do an analysis on the cost impact from reach codes on the business community. In response to that I would point out that Council never directed staff to do any such study and, furthermore, for each reach code the time to analyze cost-effectiveness is once the ordinance details have been determined and written up not before the specifics have been laid out. 4) The reach codes under consideration have been part of Carlsbad's CAP since 2019. These are not newly minted measures. What the businesses are asking for is a big step backwards. 5) Their concerns for electrifying commercial buildings are valid. Not all businesses are created equal and some, such as laboratories, may need natural gas. However, exemptions can (and have been) written into ordinances to allow for special use. Also, as mentioned above, the currently adopted reach codes in other cities allow for mixed-fuel use. 6) Two local developments -Laguna Row and Marja Acres -are all electric. From discussions with the architect (LR, Brett Farrow) and developer (MA, KB Home) they saved, respectively, $100,000-200,000 and over $1,000,000 by not installing natural gas lines to their buildings. Carlsbad residents and businesses, contribute to the climate crisis every day by using gas in our buildings. With the CAP Update, we have the opportunity to imagine a different future for our children, and the tools to guide us. Choosing the CAP update with all measures, including building electrification reach codes and municipal solar carports, is a necessary, strong step toward that better future. Sincerely, Paige DeCino on behalf of Carlsbad Sierra Club team Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Vanessa Forsythe <vforsythe13@gmail.com> Tuesday, November 12, 2024 12:33 PM Sent: To: City Clerk Subject: Agenda Item# 8: Support Hello Honorable Mayor Blackburn and City Councilors I ask that you adopt all of the measures indicated in the proposed Climate Action Plan Update including the business and residential reach codes and solar carports city owned parking lots (all of these were included in the CAP previously). My understanding is it is necessary for approval of Addendum 1 the Housing and Safety Element Update so implementation by the city can go forward. Thank you to Katie Heinrich and other city staff for their efforts on the Updated Climate Action Plan - a tremendous effort.Throughout the plan most of the actions indicate a co-benefit to public health. As a healthcare professional and community member I am addressing these factors why both upstream and resulting downstream measures to decrease greenhouse gases and address climate change now are necessary for approving the updated CAP along with present and implementation measures relative to the health and sustainability of our community: 1. We are experiencing more extreme weather events including: rising temperatures, drought, severe storms with flooding and landslides, rising sea levels (beach erosion}, and wildfires. 2. All of these have been scientifically proven to be related to climate change and are impacting our community and planet sustainability as well as resulting in immediate health and economic costs. 3. Health and sustainability impacts: • impact on our crop yields and food supply • decreased water supply • increase ER visits and hospitalizations, loss or work time and school attendance • increase occurrence of injuries, increase episodes of overheating and heat stroke and preterm births • loss of green canopy and carbon sequestration as we lose trees and lagoons • increase allergens and pollen because longer seasons for cultivating • increase vector borne and infectious disease (survive in heat) • mental health and stress related disorders (particularly impacting our youth with increasing uncertainty and despair about their future) • increase occurrence and severity of lung, heart and kidney conditions • loss of biodiversity and extinction with extreme weather and loss of habitat -affecting insects, birds, animals and plants • loss of connecting with our open spaces, beaches and natural wildlife -that make Carlsbad such a wonderful place to live andvisit 1 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Subject: ( City of Carlsbad Dr. Melanie Burkholder City Council Member, District 1 City of Carlsbad 1200 Carlsbad Village Drive Carlsbad, CA 92008 www.carlsbadca.gov 442-339-2830 (City Hall) 442-637-2853 (mobile/text) Melanie Burkholder Tuesday, November 12, 2024 12:52 PM City Clerk Fw: Climate Action Plan From: KC <restore65@gmail.com> Sent: Tuesday, November 12, 2024 10:42:35 AM To: Melanie Burkholder <melanie.burkholder@carlsbadca.gov> Subject: Climate Action Plan Hello, I live in District 1. I have a question about the Climate Action Plan. Are these actions mandated by the state? Kevin Coyle CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. 1 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Subject: Ip <harmony1893@yahoo.com> Tuesday, November 12, 2024 1 :53 PM City Clerk Item# 8 Please include in tonight's agenda. Thank you. I object to the adoption of the City's CAP until other parties are given equal time to express their opposing opinions to staff Regards, D. Persico CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content i 1 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Cc: Subject: Attachments: Craig Benedetto <craigb@calstrat.com> Tuesday, November 12, 2024 1 :54 PM City Clerk Paz Gomez; James Wood; Katie Hentrich Item #8 -Carlsbad CAP Update -Nov 12, 2024 CBAD CAP Ltr -City Council -Nov 12, 2024.pdf Attached, please find a letter for tonight's council hearing regarding Item #8, the City's Draft Climate Action Plan Update. Thank you for your consideration and for distribution to the City Council. Sent by: Craig Benedetto California Strategies 530 B Street, Suite 920 San Diego, CA 92101 0: (619) 546-7 451 C: (619) 980-8032 E: craigb@calstrat.com www.calstrat.com CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content i safe. 1 Carlsbad Chamber of Commerce San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce BOMA San Diego Building Industry Association of San Diego California Apartment Association San Diego County Lodging Association San Diego North Economic Development Council Southern California Rental Housing Association California Restaurant Association Associated General Contractors San Diego NAIOP San Diego November 12, 2024 Honorable Keith Blackburn Mayor City of Carlsbad 1200 Carlsbad Village Drive Carlsbad, CA 92008 TRANSMITTED ELECTRONICALLY RE: Draft Climate Action Plan Update -Please Support Option 1 with Modifications Dear Mayor Blackburn and Members of the Carlsbad City Council: On behalf of the undersigned coalition of jobs and housing providers, we are writing today in support of the Planning Commission recommended Item 1 of the options included in the November 12th staff report with a couple of additional modifications. Item 1 would remove the "reach code" items related to residential and non-residential development. In terms of modifications, we would respectfully request the removal of the requirement for electrification of construction equipment, as well as the expansion of the "transportation demand management" or TOM requirements. We would also suggest the inclusion of the solar car port requirement for government facilities, which would further demonstrate the City's willingness to lead by example. By adopting staff delineated Option 1 with these modifications, you are still not only meeting your near- term goals of attainment by 2035, you will also likely do so for the 2045 timeframe. This modified option still allows Carlsbad to be a leader on reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), while also balancing the cost and consequences to your residents and businesses. It also helps protect against legal risk to the City in moving forward with a de facto electrification mandate through a Reach Code. In terms of the concerns regarding the other options, the coalition is opposed to the adoption of a separate Reach Code. The state code, including the recently finalized triennial building code, is one of the most stringent in the world. And the new measures under the code would continue to ratchet up these GHG reducing measures in new construction and tenant improvements. The City's own GHG reductions would significantly benefit from these changes once they go into effect. Going beyond with a Reach Code only puts Carlsbad at a competitive disadvantage with your neighbors as a Reach Code comes at a high cost, which would dramatically increase the cost of both residential housing and commercial tenancy. It would also create legal risk, as was seen in the City of Berkeley, given the means of compliance with the building performance budget allowance would likely result in the need to eliminate all natural gas from buildings. The coalition is also opposed to the new requirements related to the electrification of construction equipment. In most cases, this kind of equipment is not available and, where it is, is extremely expensive. Mass production at useful grade for construction sites is not expected for some time, if at all, given the power needs for this kind of equipment. We would recommend delaying this item until a subsequent update to better determine the state of the market. Regarding TDM, it is a difficult measure to implement as it's expensive, unpopular with employees and impossible to manage. As was noted at the previous Planning Commission hearing, Carlsbad businesses and property owners are already avoiding triggering these requirements under the current CAP, given their high cost. Further, depending on the TOM requirements, congestion pricing and punitive parking fees would disproportionately impact lower income workers, and for the lodging industry, dissuade visitors from coming to Carlsbad. In short, expanding TOM would likely achieve little in the way of GHG reductions, and create a number of other impacts, including fewer tourists, less TOT, and for those who choose to avoid triggering the requirements, further reducing tenant improvement investments, which would age the city's building stock. It should be noted that for both the construction equipment item, as well as the enhanced TDM measure, these are not significant drivers of GHG. Further, the staff report doesn't take into consideration the recent decision this past weekend by the California Air Resources Board to change the Low Carbon Fuel Standards (LCFS) which will, according to their staff report, significantly reduce GHG emissions. Lastly, we continue to have concerns about the lack of financial impact analysis for the proposed actions. While the City was willing to expend money to determine the impact to itself, it didn't afford the same action for impacts to the regulated community. We believe this kind of analysis should be done before approval, not after when implementation is being considered. In closing, we thank the Planning Commission and City staff for hearing the concerns of our coalition and providing a reasonable, yet aggressive option in the Option 1 recommendation. With our additional modifications, we would respectfully request the Council's support of Recommendation Items 1 and 2. Sincerely, Bret Schanzenbach, Carlsbad Chamber of Commerce W. Erik Bruvold, San Diego North Economic Development Council Craig Benedetto, NAIOP San Diego & BOMA San Diego Justine Murray, San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce Melanie Woods, California Apartment Association Molly Kirkland, Southern California Rental Housing Association Chris Duggan, California Restaurant Association Lori Holt Pfeiler, Building Industry Association of San Diego Fred Tayco, San Diego County Lodging Association Dustin Steiner, Associated General Contractors San Diego CC: Paz Gomez, Deputy City Manager James Wood, Director, Environmental Sustainability Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Subject: Howard Krausz <hkrauszmd@gmail.com> Tuesday, November 12, 2024 1 :57 PM City Clerk Agenda item #8, CAP Here are some comments I hope the council will consider before finalizing the draft CAP. Some thoughts about the CAP Update: Introduction 1.1 Well written. Does not deny that climate change is a critically serious problem exacerbated by humans burning fossil fuels. The CAP and its implementation need to match the challenges. Buying mitigation credits, as mentioned elsewhere in the document, is not a solution. Figure and Table 2.1 27% of Greenhouse Gas Emissions are "Electricity" but it needs to be clear that those are from the production of electricity by fossil fuel run generators. Demand for electricity will increase rapidly. The CAP Update should include more specifics about local solar energy production, battery storage and even the possibility of a small nuclear generator as used by some submarines and aircraft carriers to reduce GHG emissions from electricity generation. Section 2.4 CA requires PV installations in new residential construction but only low-rise multifamily housing. What about the coming high rise multifamily housing under density bonus laws? Table 3.1 T-2 TOM program accounts for the most GHG reductions but there is little detail about how this will actually work. T-4 Bikeway Safety improvements. These need to harmonize with new regulations about e-bikes and be done in consultation with frequent cyclists to ensure safety and to allow both e-bikes and other non-electric bikes to operate together. Water While only 1 % of GHG emissions are from water transport and delivery this doesn't include energy use for desalination, which will be increasingly necessary. Perhaps this is not the appropriate document, but water conservation, recycling and desalination will all be more necessary as population increases and climate change worsens. These water issues must be addressed and dealt with. Urban Canopy Planting more trees for carbon sequestration and oxygen production is very important but that requires open space. The Growth Management Plan performance standard of open space is 15% of unconstrained developable land in each LFMZ must be left open. Carlsbad must require that at least 15% of the footprint of new developments be left open and should work much harder to preserve remaining open space. Where possible, rooftop gardens should be encouraged particularly on large buildings, in addition to rooftop solar panels. Brush and forest fires reduce carbon sequestration and fuel global warming. Howard Krausz, MD CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content i 1 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Cc: Subject: Jose Torre-Bueno <jose.torrebueno@cc-energy.org > Tuesday, November 12, 2024 1 :57 PM City Clerk Don Christiansen Comment on Item 8 the Climate Action Plan The Center for Community Energy, a local 501 (c)3 environmental non-profit organization would respectfully like to make the following comments on the City of Carlsbad's Climate Action Plan. We are aware that including solar canopies with EV charging stations over city owned parking lots was considered as part of the Climate Action Plan. We strongly advise including this measure for the following reasons. Beyond the immediate CO2 reduction from powering some fraction of driving from locally derived solar energy there are secondary benefits to ratepayers. To the extent that energy is generated locally the need to add new long distance transmission lines is reduced. This build out of transmission infrastructure is a major factor in utility rate increases (1 ). An additional factor in rate increases is the necessity to upgrade the local distribution system to accommodate building and transportation electrification. A study sponsored by the CPUC estimated this will add approximately $50 billion to utility costs (2). A follow-on study by the CEC (3) has shown this can be substantially reduced if EVs are charged during the day, so charging in city lots will be very advantageous. Further, in the future it is probable that many EVs will be bidirectional. Studies by our organization have shown that bidirectional EVs arriving home fully charged could send power into homes via bidirectional chargers, saving the owners high evening electric rates and reducing the load on the grid in the evening.(4) This load reduction can further avert the need for future rate increases. 1 Energy Strategies. (2024). The Connected West Study. A report commissioned by Gridworks and GridLab. Salt Lake City, UT. www.energystrat.com pg 37 2 Kevala Part 1: Bottom-Up Load Forecasting and System-Level Electrification Impacts Cost Estimates pg 20 3 CEC Public Advocates Office Distribution Grid Electrification Model Supplemental Analysis March 2024 4 https://centerforcommunityenergy.org/wp-content/uploads/2024/1 0/ECCE2024-Oral-Presentation.pd Jose Torre-Bueno, Ph.D. Executive Director Center for Community Energy (619) 977-0553 ~/i . .; mm FOH frtr:cc •. , COMMUNITY ,~:: • • ••••• ' CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content i 1 Carlsbad Chamber of Commerce San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce BOMA San Diego Building Industry Association of San Diego California Apartment Association San Diego County Lodging Association San Diego North Economic Development Council Southern California Rental Housing Association California Restaurant Association Associated General Contractors San Diego NAIOP San Diego November 12, 2024 Honorable Keith Blackburn Mayor City of Carlsbad 1200 Carlsbad Village Drive Carlsbad, CA 92008 TRANSMITTED ELECTRONICALLY RE: Draft Climate Action Plan Update -Please Support Option 1 with Modifications Dear Mayor Blackburn and Members of the Carlsbad City Council: On behalf of the undersigned coalition of jobs and housing providers, we are writing today in support of the Planning Commission recommended Item 1 of the options included in the November 12th staff report with a couple of additional modifications. Item 1 would remove the "reach code" items related to residential and non-residential development. In terms of modifications, we would respectfully request the removal of the requirement for electrification of construction equipment, as well as the expansion of the "transportation demand management" or TDM requirements. We would also suggest the inclusion of the solar car port requirement for government facilities, which would further demonstrate the City's willingness to lead by example. By adopting staff delineated Option 1 with these modifications, you are still not only meeting your near- term goals of attainment by 2035, you will also likely do so for the 2045 timeframe. This modified option still allows Carlsbad to be a leader on reducing greenhouse gas emissions (GHG), while also balancing the cost and consequences to your residents and businesses. It also helps protect against legal risk to the City in moving forward with a de facto electrification mandate through a Reach Code. In terms of the concerns regarding the other options, the coalition is opposed to the adoption of a separate Reach Code. The state code, including the recently finalized triennial building code, is one of the most stringent in the world. And the new measures under the code would continue to ratchet up these GHG reducing measures in new construction and tenant improvements. The City's own GHG reductions would significantly benefit from these changes once they go into effect. Going beyond with a Reach Code only puts Carlsbad at a competitive disadvantage with your neighbors as a Reach Code comes at a high cost, which would dramatically increase the cost of both residential housing and commercial tenancy. It would also create legal risk, as was seen in the City of Berkeley, given the means of compliance with the building performance budget allowance would likely result in the need to eliminate all natural gas from buildings. The coalition is also opposed to the new requirements related to the electrification of construction equipment. In most cases, this kind of equipment is not available and, where it is, is extremely expensive. Mass production at useful grade for construction sites is not expected for some time, if at all, given the power needs for this kind of equipment. We would recommend delaying this item until a subsequent update to better determine the state of the market. Regarding TDM, it is a difficult measure to implement as it's expensive, unpopular with employees and impossible to manage. As was noted at the previous Planning Commission hearing, Carlsbad businesses and property owners are already avoiding triggering these requirements under the current CAP, given their high cost. Further, depending on the TDM requirements, congestion pricing and punitive parking fees would disproportionately impact lower income workers, and for the lodging industry, dissuade visitors from coming to Carlsbad. In short, expanding TDM would likely achieve little in the way of GHG reductions, and create a number of other impacts, including fewer tourists, less TOT, and for those who choose to avoid triggering the requirements, further reducing tenant improvement investments, which would age the city's building stock. It should be noted that for both the construction equipment item, as well as the enhanced TDM measure, these are not significant drivers of GHG. Further, the staff report doesn't take into consideration the recent decision this past weekend by the California Air Resources Board to change the Low Carbon Fuel Standards (LCFS) which will, according to their staff report, significantly reduce GHG emissions. Lastly, we continue to have concerns about the lack of financial impact analysis for the proposed actions. While the City was willing to expend money to determine the impact to itself, it didn't afford the same action for impacts to the regulated community. We believe this kind of analysis should be done before approval, not after when implementation is being considered. In closing, we thank the Planning Commission and City staff for hearing the concerns of our coalition and providing a reasonable, yet aggressive option in the Option 1 recommendation. With our additional modifications, we would respectfully request the Council's support of Recommendation Items 1 and 2. Sincerely, Bret Schanzenbach, Carlsbad Chamber of Commerce W. Erik Bruvold, San Diego North Economic Development Council Craig Benedetto, NAIOP San Diego & BOMA San Diego Justine Murray, San Diego Regional Chamber of Commerce Melanie Woods, California Apartment Association Molly Kirkland, Southern California Rental Housing Association Chris Duggan, California Restaurant Association Lori Holt Pfeifer, Building Industry Association of San Diego Fred Tayco, San Diego County Lodging Association Dustin Steiner, Associated General Contractors San Diego CC: Paz Gomez, Deputy City Manager James Wood, Director, Environmental Sustainability Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Subject: Attachments: Susan Clifford <sarclifford@gmail.com> Tuesday, November 12, 2024 2:53 PM City Clerk Reject my tax dollars to be spent on Climate Screenshot_20240526_083134_XJpg; Screenshot_20240526_092707 _XJpg We reject my tax dollars to be spent on any and all climate initiatives for the City of Carlsbad. The first mention of Climate change was in the 1970s. The World Economic Forum Opened in 1971. The Climate change Agenda is part of the World Economic Forum Globalist Agenda to control the World population through Climate control implementing lockdowns, limits on natural gas, and coal. Both Al Gore and John Kerry are members of the World Economic Forum. This informative video is The World Economic Forum Agenda. https:/ /youtu. be/ A 1 m4zZvyCxg?feature=shared Our Government only funds scientist that write scientific papers that support Climate change and reject scientists who disprove Climate change. Many politicians in our Government including Joe Biden are members of The World Economic Forum. Sincerely Susan Clifford 7027 Cinnamon Teal St, Carlsbad, CA 92011. CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless ou recognize the sender and know the content i safe. 1 Tammy Cloud-McMinn From: Sent: To: Subject: Hi- Krisha Markowicz < krisha2700@yahoo.com > Tuesday, November 12, 2024 5:02 PM City Clerk Oppose climate agenda I oppose the climate agenda. Carlsbad needs to focus on keeping the city safe, focus on the homeless issue and worry about the citizens that can't afford their groceries. Mrs. Wolter( district 2) Sent from my iPhone CAUTION: Do not open attachments or click on links unless you recognize the sender and know the content is safe. 1