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5003 TIERRA DEL ORO ST; ; AS070302; Permit
6/20/24, 9:47 AM AS070302 Permit Data City of Carlsbad Sprinkler Permit 5003 TIERRA DEL Job Address: ORO ST Permit Type: SPRINK Parcel No: 2100202200 Lot #: 0 Reference No.: Permit No: AS070302 Status: ISSUED Applied 12/27/2007 Approved: 12/27/2007 Issued: 12/27/2007 PC #: Inspector: Project Title: CAMPBELL RESIDENCE 3 FIRE SPRINKLER INSPECTIONS @ $65/EA Applicant: PREMIER FIRE PROTECTION P0 BOX 2027 LAKESIDE, CA 619-871-9795 Owner: CAMPBELL RICHARD F TRUST 02-14-94 7668 EL CAMINO REAL #104-467 CARLSBAD CA Fees ($) Add'I Fees ($) Total ($) Balance ($) 195 0 195 0 about:blank ill CARLSBAD FIRE. DEPARTMENT Fire Prevention Division Land Use Review Report PROJECT NAME: Campbell Residence Date: 05/05/06 Project number: CDP 06-13 Staff Planner: P. Drew Engineer: Project conditions: (Note: The following identifies specific conditions necessary to achieve Fire Department approval.) Fire Department has reviewed this application and has the following comments or conditions to submit: 1. Automatic Fire Sprinklers shall be required. The design standard shall be to NFPA 13 D. This will also require the installation of a one-inch or greater water meter. GR March 22, 2009 James Weigand, Fire Marshal City of Carlsbad 1635 Faraday Avenue Carlsbad, CA 92008 Re: 5003 Tierra del Oro / APN: 210-020-22-00 Sir, The following is a chronological report of all reviews and actions taken by myself with regards to the Campbell Residence project at 5003 Tierra del Oro, Carlsbad, CA. Early October 2005 a Preliminary Project Review was prepared and distributed by Pam Drew of the Planning Department. On October 17, 2005 I prepared a response to the Prelim. And responded that Fire had no comments or condition at that time. This response was in large part due to the inadequacy of information other than that of a residential re-build. May 5, 2006, approximately 7 months later I responded to a formal submittal for the project Prelim. Whereby the applicant refined their plan for the demolition and reconstruction of a single family dwelling. During my review of Coastal Development Plan 06-13 I identified the inclusion of a Basement in this project and issued a notice of requirement that a automatic fire sprinkler system (NFPA 13-D) be provided, with the installation of a 1-inch or greater water meter. On October 4, 2006 Carlsbad City Council approved Resolution No: 6180 approving project No: CDP 06-13 along with Administrative Variance (AV) 06-03. On January 3, 2007 construction plans for the Campbell residence were submitted to the City for review. Fire was not and is not customarily included in the distribution of Single Family Dwelling (SFD) plans. Details of this plan submittal are: Floor Area: Dwelling 4897 Garage 528 Decks 236 Porch 122 Stories: 2+ Basement Height: 19 Ft per UBC AFG After four additional plan reviews, Set V was approved by EsGil Co. and April 24, 2007 a permit to construct was issued for CB070020 - Campbell residence. Again Fire was not a part of this plan review process even though fire sprinklers were called out as being required. On October 31, 2007 Premier Fire Protection, Lakeside, Ca submits fire sprinkler plans to Parsley Consulting for Plan Review. On December 27, 2007 I received, reviewed and approved the plans submitted by Premier Fire Protection with no corrections, and specific notes added. Again this office was not a part of this plan check until Parsley Consulting had completed their review and forwarded to this office a submittal that was in substantial conformance with applicable codes and standards in force at time of submittal. The following is based completely on my recollection and there is no supporting documentation to support or refute my statements herein: Sometime after construction had begun and I believe it was after I had performed an Overhead Visual/Hydrostatic test of the installed sprinkler system I was contacted by Mr. Richard Campbell at the permitting counter here at the Faraday Building. The purpose of Mr. Campbell's visit was to request the exclusion of the required fire sprinkler system within his residence. I asked Mr. Campbell why he was now coming forward with this request when he has known about this requirement since May, 2006. Mr. Campbell stated that he did not feel that his residence warranted the need for fire sprinklers, and because of the many artifacts and antiques he and his family possess he did not desire to have sprinklers in his residence. I restated what I had been told to be the Carlsbad Fire Department's position on this subject. I shared with Mr. Campbell that when I began my employment here that it was a common and regular practice of our office to require fire sprinklers in all habitable buildings along the shoreline which included Ocean Street, Shore Drive and Tierra del Oro. I shared with Mr. Campbell that because of diminished or absence of access for Fire Department personnel and equipment to access the dwelling to effect any rescue or fire suppression activity. Mr. Campbell then asked me if this is a requirement and as I say it is required all along the shoreline, then why is it the his neighbor Mr. Walker did not or was not required to provide fire sprinklers in his newly constructed residence. I reviewed the information in Permits Plus on the Walker residential project and was not able to determine why they were not required other than the Walker project was submitted and processed as a remodel. I then explained to Mr. Campbell regardless of the status of the Walker project I could not explain why they were not installed but assured Mr. Campbell that I would look into the Walker residence project. Mr. Campbell then asked for a copy of any codes or ordinances that otherwise required fire sprinklers in his residence. I again told Mr. Campbell that Article 9 of the Fire Code allowed us to require fire sprinklers in those habitable structures that did not meet or provide the requisite access. Mr. Campbell then produce an approved set of plans and asked me to demonstrate to him how fire department access was not possible. Aside from the 4-foot wide walkway along the South- aspect of the residence the only access is from the front or East facing aspect of his residence. The rear of the home was just within reach of the 150 foot hose-line measure. However the lowest habitable space is 14.7 feet below the level of fire department access. This area was defined as a Basement during the first plan review and in subsequent plan changes and requests for defined uses, it changed into a bedroom, home theatre and other uses. It was at this point Mr. Campbell asked why he was still required to provide fire sprinklers throughout his home. I was caught a bit off-guard, I honestly thought that I had explained the specifics of FD access to Mr. Campbell but the code was not specific in its definition or description, Mr. Campbell also attempted to assert that the lowest level was actually considered a First Story. I demonstrated to Mr. Campbell that this was neither a Basement nor was it a First story. In fact it is and remains Habitable Space below the lowest level of fire department access and this space is required to be sprinkled. Mr. Campbell then asserted that he could find no cause to provide fire sprinklers in this home absent of any adopted codes or standards that had been codified or approved by the Chief. As you might well guess, I was unable to provide either. Mr. Campbell then agreed to maintain the sprinkler coverage in the lower level and in the garage but requested relief from the remainder of the home. Again I asserted that our past practice was that all habitable spaces were to be fire sprinkled, that we do not as a practice partially sprinkle any building, and again I was compelled to reason that if we did not have something in writing, was it enforceable. At this point I felt that without the support of any written documents that we stood to lose any protection in the most vulnerable space, the lower floor. So I agreed, however reluctantly to capitulate on this matter, in the hopes that when we entered a new code adoption process we could close this gap or "loophole". Richard Campbell 5003 .Tierra Del Oro Carlsbad, Ca 92009 (760) 522-5127 April 27, 2009 Attention: Kevin Crawford, Fire Chief Re: 5003 Tierra bel Oro Carlsbad, Co. 92009 I am requesting the Fire Department to waive the requirement for complete fire sprinkler protection based on the extreme costs of retrofitting the system. There are no crawl spaces in the ceilings, and no practical way of getting into the walls. The basement below ground level and garage are sprinklered which Greg Ryan from the Carlsbad Fire Department said is all we needed for compliance. I am asking you to waive the requirement made pursuant to the provisions of California Fire Code (CFC), 2001 Edition Section 103.1.3 Sincerely.. Richard Ca pbell Sent via Fax to: James Weigand (760) 602-8561 May 5, 2009 TO: PAUL EDMONSON, DEPUTY CITY ATFORNEY FROM:Fire Marshal SUPPORTING DOCUMENTATION FOR 5003 TIERRA DEL ORO NOTICE The subject project was submitted and approved under the provisions of the 2001 Edition of the California Fire Code (CFC). All of the referenced code sections and standards were those in place during the life of that code. Building projects are regulated by the codes in force at the time of their approval. Our subsequent adoption of the 2007 Edition of the CFC which became effective on January 1, 2008, would not change the applicable code for this project. Ca Fire Code (2007) § 101.8. I have attached a copy of National Fire Protection Association Standard 13-D (2002 Edition). This is the residential fire sprinkler standard that was adopted as part of the 2001 CFC. Ca Fire Code (2001) §9002. The 2001 and prior editions of the CFC contained a provision that allows the fire chief to "modify any of the provisions of this code.. .where there are practical difficulties in the way of carrying out the provisions of the code". Ca Fire Code (2001) §103.1.3. The fire sprinkler system requirement first appears in the requirements from the fire department to the planning department on the owner's application for a Coastal Development Permit on 05-05-2006, in the form of a note to ifie from Planner Pam Drew. Carlsbad CPD 06-13. The requirement was formally transmitted to the applicant in a May 25, 2006, letter from the planning department to the applicant outlining the projects requirements. Review of the entire planning file and the Planning Commission Minutes where the PDP was granted show no additional notations of requirement for the fire sprinkler system. Carlsbad Plan Com Min Oct 4, 2006. James M. Weigand Attachments GENERAL CODE PROVISIONS 13869. 7f0r Fire Protection Districts. See Section 101.8 of this code. 101.5 Referenced codes. The codes, standards and publica- tions adopted and set forth in this code, including other codes, standards and publications referred to therein are, by title and date ofpublication, hereby adopted as standard reference doc- uments of this code. When this code does not specifically cover any subject related to building design and construction, recog- nized fire engineering practices shall be employed. The National Fire Codes and the Fire Protection Handbook of the National Fire Protection Association are permitted to be used as authoritative guides in determining recognizedfire-preven- tion engineering practices. 101.6 Non-building standards, orders and regulations. Requirements contained in the California Fire Code, or in any other referenced standard, code or document, which are not building standards as defined in Section 18909, Health and Safety Code, shall not be construed as part of the provisions of this code. For non-building standards, orders, and regulations, see other titles of the California Code of Regulations. 101.7 Order ofprecedence and use. 101. 7.1 Differences. In the event ofany differences between these building standards and the standard reference docu- ments, the text of these building standards shall govern. 101. 7.2 Specific provision. Where a specific provision var- ies from a general provision, the specific provisions shall apply. 101. 7.3 Conflicts. When the requirements of this code con- flict with the requirements ofany other part ofthe California Building Standards Code, Title 24, the most restrictive requirement shall prevail. 101.8 City, county, or city and county amendments, additions ordeletions. The provisions ofthis code do not limit the author- ity of city, county, or city and county governments to establish more restrictive and reasonably necessary differences to the provisions contained in this code pursuant to complying with Section 101.8.1. The effective date of amendments, additions, or deletions to this code of cities, counties, or city and counties filed pursuant to Section 101.8.1 shall be the date filed. How- ever, in no case shall the amendments, additions or deletions to this code be effective any sooner than the effective date of this code. 101.8.1 Findings and filings. The city, county, or city and county shall make express findings for each amendment, addition or deletion based upon climatic, topographical, or geological conditions. Exception: Hazardous building ordinances and pro- grams mitigating unreinforced masonry buildings. The city, county, or city and county shallfile the amend- ments, additions, or deletions expressly marked and identified as to the applicable findings. Cities, counties, cities and counties, and fire departments shall file the amendments, additions or deletions, and the findings with the California Building Standards Commission at 2525 Natomas Park Drive, Suite 130, Sacramento, CA 95833. 3. Findings prepared by fire protection districts shall be ratified by the local city, county, or city and county and filed with the California Department of Housing and Community Development at 1800 3" Street, Room 260, Sacramento, CA 95814. 101.9 Effective date of this code. Only those standards approved by the California Building Standards Commission that are effective at the time an application for building permit is submitted shall apply to the plans and speccationsfor, and to the construction performed under that permit. For the effec- tive dates of the provisions contained in this code, see the His- tory Note page of this code. 101.10 Availability of codes. At least one entire copy each of Titles 8, 19, 20, 24, and 25 with all revisions shall be main- tained in the office of the building official responsible for the administration and enforcement of this code. See Health and Safety Code Section 18942 (d) (1) & (2). 101.11 Format. This part fundamentally adopts the Interna- tional Fire Code by reference on a chapter-by-chapter basis. Such adoption is reflected in the Matrix adoption table of each chapter of this part. When the Matrix adoption tables make no reference to a specific chapter of the International Fire Code, such chapter of the International Fire Code is not adopted as a portion of this code. 101.12 Validity. If any chapter Section, subSection, sentence, clause or phrase of this code isfor any reason held to be uncon- stitutional, contrary to statute, exceeding the authority of the state as stipulated by statutes, or otherwise inoperative, such decision shall not affect the validity of the remaining portion of this code. SECTION 102 RESERVED SECTION 103 RESERVED SECTION 104 RESERVED SECTION 105 RESERVED SECTION 106 RESERVED SECTION 107 RESERVED SECTION 108 RESERVED 2007 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE 2001 CAUFORNIA FIRE CODE 9001 PART VIII STANDARDS ARTICLE 90- STANDARDS SECTION 9001 - GENERAL 9001.1 UFC Standards. The Uniform Fire Code standards re- ferred to in various parts of this code, which are also listed in Sec- tion 9002 and published in Volume 2 of this code, are hereby declared to be part of this code and are referred to in this code as a "UFC standard." When this code refers to a standard in the appen- dra of Volume 2, the standard shall not apply unless specifically adopted. (For SFMJ UFC Standard 10-2 does not apply to any occupancy L A- L c in the State of California. For the appropriate fire alarm stan- dards for all occupancies in California, see NFPA 72 as amended in Article 91 and Article 760 of the California Electrical Code. LA- L A- The California State Fire Marshal does not adopt UFC Standa L C L A- rd LC Whenever this code refers to a UFC Standard, it shall be construed to mean the appropriate SFM adopted standard as LA listed in Article 91. 9001.2 Standard of Duty. The standard of duty established for the recognized standards listed in Section 9003 is that the de- sign, construction and quality of materials of buildings, structures, equipment, processes and methodologies be reasonably safe for life, limb, health, property and public welfare. See also Section 101.3. 9001.3 Recognized Standards. The standards listed in Section 9003 are recognized standards. Compliance with these recognized standards shall be prima facie evidence of compliance with the standard of duty set forth in Section 9001.2. SECTION 9002 - UFC STANDARDS UFC STD. AND SEC. TITLE AND SOURCE ARTICLE 10 10.1; 1002.1, 1005.2.7, 1102.5.2.3, NO TAG, 3209, 3407, 4502.8.2,4503.7.1, 5201.9, 7901.5.3, 7902.5.1.2.1 and NO TAG Selection, Installation, Inspection, Maintenance and Testing of Portable Fire Extinguishers 10-2; 1001.4, 1006.2.9.1.4, 1006.2.12.2.3, 1006.3.1, NO TAG, 6313.3 and 6320.1 Installation, Maintenance and Use of Fire Protection Signaling Systems )I I 10-3 NFPA - 13 - Standard for Installation of Sprinkler Sys- tems 10-4 NFPA —13 D - Standard for Installation of Sprinkler Sys- tems in 1 & 2 Family Dwellings I 10-5 NFPA - 13 R - Standard for Installation of Sprinkler Sys- tems in Residential Occupancies up to and including 4 stories in height 10-6 NFPA - 14— Standpipe and hose systems ARTICLE 24 24-1; 2401.4 and NO TAG Aircraft Fueling ARTICLE 52 52-1; 5201.1, 5204.2 and 5204.10.2.3.5 Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Vehicular Fuel Systems ARTICLE 62 62-1; 6201 and 6205.1 Ovens and Furnaces ARTICLE 74 74-1; 7404.2.3 Medical Gas and Vacuum Systems ARTICLE 79 79-1; 7902.2.4.2 and 7902.2.8.3 Foam Fire Protection Systems 79-2; 7902.1.16.4 and 7902.2.6.3.4 Fixed Water Spray Fire Protection Systems 79-3; 209, Table 4703-A, 6307.4, 6319, 7401.5.2, 7902.1.3.2, 8001.4.3.3, 8004.1.7, 8004.1.15, 8004.2.2.2 and 8004.4.3 Identification of the Health, Flammability and Reactivity of Hazardous Materials 79-4; NO TAG and 7904.6.1 Vehicles for Transporting Flammable or Combustible Liquids 79-5; 7902.1.8.1.1 and 7902.5.11.2.4 Portable Flammable or Combustible Liquid Tanks 79-6; 7902.6.10 Interior Lining of Underground Storage Tanks 79-7; 7902.1.8.2.1, 7902.1.8.2.7, 7902.1.9.5, 7902.1.9.7 and 7903.3.3 Testing Requirements for Protected Aboveground Tanks ARTICLE 80 80-1; 8003.8.1, 8003.8.2 and 8004.1.16 Storage, Dispensing and Use of Silane and its Mixtures 80-2; 7401.1, 7501.1 and 8004.1.14 Industrial and Institutional Bulk Oxygen Systems 80-3; 7501.1 Flammable Cryogenic Fluid System at Consumer Sites 80-4; 7501.1 Inert Cryogenic Fluid Systems at Consumer Sites ARTICLE 81 81-1; 8102.9, 8102.10, 8103.2 and 8803.2 High-piled General Storage of Combustibles in Buildings 81-2; 7902.5.11.5.1, 7902.5.12.5.1, 8102.9, 8102.10, 8104.2, 8104.4 and 8803.2 High-piled Rack Storage of Combustibles in Buildings 1-271 Copyright © 2006 National Fire Protection Association. All Rights Reserved. NFPA 13D Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two-Family Dwellings and Manufactured Homes 2007 Edition This edition of NFPA 13D, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two- Family Dwellings and Manufactured Homes, was prepared by the Technical Committee on Resi- dential Sprinkler Systems and released by the Technical Correlating Committee on Auto- matic Sprinkler Systems. It was issued by the Standards Council on July 28, 2006, with an effective date of August 17, 2006, and supersedes all previous editions. This edition of NFPA 13D was approved as an American National Standard on August 17, 2006. Origin and Development of NFPA 13D Recognizing the need to reduce the annual life loss from fire in residential occupancies (about 50 percent of total loss of life by fire), the Committee on Automatic Sprinklers ap- pointed a subcommittee in May 1973 to prepare the Standard on the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two-Family Dwellings and Mobile Homes. The subcommittee was composed of members of the Committee on Automatic Sprinklers and other technically competent ex- perts. The standard was submitted and adopted at the NFPA Annual Meeting in Chicago, Illinois, on May 12-16,1975. The 1980 edition was a complete rewrite of the 1975 edition, including SI units where appropriate. The 1980 edition incorporated the results of the residential sprinkler test pro- gram administered by the National Fire Protection Association and funded by a research grant from the United States Fire Administration. Factory Mutual Research Corporation and the Los Angeles City Fire Department conducted the dwelling tests. Factory Mutual Research Corporation, McNeary Insurance Consulting Services, and the Charlotte, North Carolina, Fire Department conducted the mobile home tests. After gaining practical experience using the 1980 edition, modifications to the standard, including removal of design parameters for dry pipe systems, were made in the 1984 edition. The 1989 and 1991 editions established criteria for the use of antifreeze systems as well as some of the installation criteria associated with specially listed piping materials. The 1994 edition provided expanded information on nonmetallic pipe and introduced a new design option that reduced water storage requirements for limited area dwellings. The 1996 edition of the standard included expanded information on the use and place- ment of residential sprinklers near heat sources. For the first time since 1941, the use of ½ in. (12.7 mm) piping material was permitted again for sprinkler systems under specific condi- tions. A number of appendix figures were also added to address methods for protecting pipe from freezing in unheated attics. The 1999 edition revised criteria for certain types of multipurpose piping systems and added requirements to mitigate the effect of water softeners and filters on system perfor- mance. Information on the application of solvent cement for nonmetallic piping systems was provided, and the exception for omitting sprinkler coverage in attics and crawl spaces was modified. The 2002 edition incorporated revisions to update the standard to comply with the 2000 edition of the Manual ofStyleforNFPA 7èchnical Committee. Documents. These revisions included editorially rewording any exceptions as requirements. The 2002 edition also included changes that established a minimum design discharge density. The requirements for multi- purpose systems were changed to require a bypass valve for installations with water softeners or water filtration equipment installed and to update the requirements for network systems. The chapter specifically addressing Limited Area Dwelling Systems was no longer included in the standard. - 13D—1 13D-2 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND IWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES The 2007 edition includes new spacing and obstruction rules addressing sloped ceilings, ceiling pockets, ceiling fans, and kitchen cabinets. Also new to this edition are installation, design, and acceptance requirements for pumps. The acceptability of insulation as a method of freeze protection and the acceptability of wells as a water source have been clarified for this edition. New requirements for listed dry pipe/preaction residential sprinkler systems, as well as clarified requirements for multi-purpose combined and networked sprinkler systems, have been incorporated. Finally, specific obstruction rules have been added for residential sprinklers. 2007 Edition 13D-2 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES The 2007 edition includes new spacing and obstruction rules addressing sloped ceilings, ceiling pockets, ceiling fins, and kitchen cabinets. Also new to this edition are installation, design, and acceptance requirements for pumps. The acceptability of insulation as a method of freeze protection and the acceptability of wells as a water source have been clarified for this edition. New requirements for listed dry pipe/preaction residential sprinkler systems, as well as clarified requirements for multi-purpose combined and networked sprinkler systems, have been incorporated. Finally, specific obstruction rules have been added for residential sprinklers. 2007 Edition COMMITTEE PERSONNEL 13D-3 Technical Correlating Committee on Automatic Sprinkler Systems (AUT-AAC) John G. O'Neffl, Chair The Protection Engineering Group, PC, VA [SE] Christian Dubay, Nonvoting Secretar, National Fire Protection Association, MA Jose R. Baz, International Engineered Systems Limited, Inc., FL [M] Rep. NFPA Latin American Section Kerry M. Bell, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT] Russell P. Fleming, National Fire Sprinkler Association, NY [M] Scott T. Franson, The Viking Corporation, MI [M] James B. Harmes, Grand Blanc Fire Department, MI [E] Rep. International Association of Fire Chiefs Luke Hilton, Liberty Mutual Property, NC [I] Alex Hoffman, Viking Fire Protection Inc., Canada [IM] Rep. Canadian Automatic Sprinkler Association Roland J. Huggins, American Fire Sprinkler Association, Inc., TX [IM] Sultan M.Javeri, SC Engineering, France [IM] Andrew Kim, National Research Council of Canada, Canada [RT] Donald C. Moeller, The RJA Group, Inc., CA [SE] Joe W. Noble, Clark County Fire Department, NV [E] Rep. International Fire Marshals Association Eric Packard, Local 669JA1C Education Fund, MD [U Rep. United Association ofJourneymen & Apprentices of the Plumbing & Pipe Fitting Industry of the U.S. & Canada Chester W. Schirmer, Schirmer Engineering Corporation, NC [I] Robert D. Spaulding, FM Global, MA [I] Lynn K. Underwood, Axis US Property, IL [I] Alternates Donald "Don" D. Becker, RJC & Associates, Inc., MO [IM] (Alt, to R.J. Huggins) Thomas C. Brown, The RJA Group, Inc., MD [SE] (Alt. to D. C. Moeller) George Capko,Jr., FM Global, MA [I] (Alt. to R. D. Spaulding) Kenneth E. Isman, National Fire Sprinkler Association, NY [M] (Alt, to R. P. Fleming) George K. Laverick, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [R] (Alt. to K. M. Bell) Garner A. Palenske, Schirmer Engineering Corporation, CA [1] (Alt. to C. W. Schirmer) Donato A. Pirro, Electro Sistemas Dc Panama, S.A., Panama [M] (Alt. toJ. R. Bar) J. Michael Thompson, The Protection Engineering Group, PC, VA [SE] (Alt. toJ. G. O'Neill) Nonvoting Antonio C. M. Braga, FM Global, CA [I] Rep. TC on Hanging & Bracing of Water-Based Systems Edward K. Budnick, Hughes Associates, Inc., MD [SE] Rep. TC on Sprinkler System Discharge Criteria Robert M. Gagnon, Gagnon Engineering, MD [SE] Rep. TC on Foam-Water Sprinklers 'William E. Koffel, Koffel Associates, Inc., MD [SE] Rep. Safety to Life Correlating Committee Kenneth W. Linder, GE Insurance Solutions, CT [I] Rep. TC on Sprinkler System Installation Criteria Christian Dubay, NFPA Staff Liaison Daniel Madrzykowski, U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology, MD [RT] Rep. TC on Residential Sprinkler Systems J. William Sheppard, General Motors Corp., MI [U] Rep. TC on Private Water Supply Piping Systems JobnJ. Walsh, uAJointApprenticeship Committee, MD [SE] (Member Emeritus) This list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the final text of this edition. Since that time, changes in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the back of the document. NOTE: Membership on a committee shall not in and of itself constitute an endorsement oftheAssociation or any document developed by the committee on which the member serves. Committee Scope: This Committee shall have overall responsibility for documents that pertain to the criteria for the design and installation of automatic, open and foam-water sprinkler systems including the character and adequacy of water supplies, and the selection of sprinklers, piping, valves, and all materials and accesso- ries. This Committee does not cover the installation of tanks and towers, nor the installation, maintenance, and use of central station, proprietary, auxiliary, and local signaling systems for watchmen, fire alarm, super- visory service, nor the design of fire department hose connections. 2007 Edition 13D-4 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND IWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES Technical Committee on Residential Sprinkler Systems (AUT-RSS) Daniel Maclrzykowski, Chair U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology, MD [RT] Christian Dubay, Nonvoting Secretary National Fire Protection Association, MA George W. Baker, Mashpee Fire & Rescue Department, MA [E] Rep. International Association of Fire Chiefs Kerry M. Bell, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT] Fred Benn, Advanced Automatic Sprinkler, Inc., CA [TM] Jonathan C. Bittenbender, REHAU Inc., VA [M] Frederick C. Bradley, FCB Engineering, GA [SE] Lawrence Brown, National Association of Home Builders, DC [U] Philip A. Brown, American Fire Sprinkler Association, Inc., TX [IM] Edward K. Budnick, Hughes Associates, Inc., MD [SE] Thomas G. Deegan, The Viking Group, Inc., MI [M] Rep. National Fire Sprinkler Association Kenneth E. Isman, National Fire Sprinkler Association, NY [M] Gary L Johnson, Noveon, Inc., VA [M] Rep. Committee for Firesafe Dwellings David Killey, Fire Busters Inc., Canada [IM] Rep. Canadian Automatic Sprinkler Association• Alan G. Larson, UponorWirsbo Company Inc., MN [M] M. L. "Larry" Maruskin, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, MD [C] Ronald G. Nickson, National Multi Housing Council, DC [U] Eric Packard, Local 669 JATC Education Fund, MD [L] Rep. United Association ofJourneymen & Apprentices of the Plumbing & Pipe Fitting Industry of the U.S. & Canada Maurice M. Pilette, Mechanical Designs Ltd., MA [SE] Chester W. Schirmer, Schirmer Engineering Corporation, NC [I] Harry Shaw, Fail Safe Safety Systems Inc., MD [M] George W. Stanley, Wigin ton Fire Systems, FL [TM] Rep. National Fire Sprinkler Association Randolph W. Tucker, The RJA Group, Inc., TX [SE] Ed Van Wajraven, Aspen Fire Protection District, CO [E] Terry L. Victor, Tyco/SimplexGrinnell, MD [M] Hong-Zeng (Bert) Yu, FM Global, MA [I] Alternates David W. Ash, Noveon, Inc., OH [M] (Alt. to G. L. Johnson) James K. Clancy, The RJA Group, Inc., CA [SE] (Alt. to R. W. Tucker) Mark E. Fessenden, Tyco Fire & Building Products, RI [M] (Alt. to T. L. Victor) David B. Fuller, FM Global, MA [1] (Alt. to H.-Z. Yu) Franz P. Haase, Uponor Wirsbo Company Inc., NH [M] (Alt. to A. G. Larson) George E. Laverick, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT] (Alt. to K. M. Bell) Thomas L Multei Reliable Automatic Sprinkler Company, SC [M] (Alt. to T. C. Deegan) Ron Murray, Plumbers and Steamfitters Local 290 (UA), OR [L] (Alt. to E. Packard) Steven R. Rians, Standard Automatic Fire Enterprises, Inc., TX [TM] (Voting Alt. to AFSA Rep.) Peter T. Schwab, Wayne Automatic Fire Sprinklers, Inc., FL [IM] (Alt. to C. W. Stanley) David W. Slioup, U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Ml) [RT] (Alt. to D. Madrzykowski) Ronald N. Webb, S.A. (omuna1e Company, Inc., OH [M] (Alt. to K. E. Isman) Joseph E. Wiehagen, National Association of Home Builders, MD [U] (Alt. to L. Brown) James V. C. Yates, West Windsor Emergency Services, NJ [E] (Alt. to C. W. Baker) Nonvoting Rohit Khanna, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, MD [C] Christian Dubay, NFPA Staff Liaison This list represents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the final text of this edition. Since that time, changes in the membership may have occurred. A key to classifications is found at the back of the document. NOTE: Membership on a committee shall not in and of itself constitute an endorsement of theAssociation or any document developed by the committee on which the member serves. Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on the design and installation of automatic sprinkler systems in dwellings and residential occupancies up to and including four stories in height, including the character and adequacy of water supplies, and the selection of sprinklers, piping, valves, and all materials and accessories. 2007 Edition 13D-4 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND iWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES Technical Committee on Residential Sprinkler Systems (AUT-RSS) Daniel Madrzykowski, Chair U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technology. MD [RT] Christian Dubay, Nonvoting Secntary National Fire Protection A.ssociation, MA George W. Baker, Mashpee Fire & Rescue Department, MA [E] Rep. International Association of Fire Chiefs Kerry M. Bell, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT] Fred Berm, Advanced Automatic Sprinkler, Inc., CA [IM] Jonathan C. Bittenbender, REHAU Inc., VA [Ml Frederick C. Bradley, FCB Engineering, GA [SE] Lawrence Brown, National Association of Home Builders, DC [U] Philip A. Brown, American Fire Sprinkler Association, Inc., TX [IM] Edward K. Budnick, Hughes Associates, Inc., MD [SE] Thomas G. Deegan, The Viking Group, Inc., MI [M] Rep. National Fire Sprinkler Association Kenneth E. Isman, National Fire Sprinkler Association, NY [M] Gary L. Johnson, Noveon, Inc., VA [M] Rep. Committee for Firesafe Dwellings David Rifley, Fire Busters Inc., Canada [IM] Rep. Canadian Automatic Sprinkler Association Alan G. Larson, Uponor Wirsho Company Inc., MN EM] M. L "Larry" Maruskin, U.S. Department of Homeland Security, MD [C] Ronald G. Nickson, National Multi Housing Council, DC [U] Eric Packard, Local 669 JATC Education Fund, MD [I.] Rep. United Association ofJourneymen & Apprentices of the Plumbing & Pipe Fitting Industry of the U.S. & Canada Maurice M. Pilette, Mechanical Designs Ltd., MA [SE] Chester W. Schirmer, Schirmer Engineering Corporation, NC [I] Harry Shaw, Fail Sate Safety Systems Inc., MD [M] George W. Stanley, Wiginton Fire Systems, FL ElM] Rep. National Fire Sprinkler Association Randolph W. Tucker, The RJA Group, Inc., TX [SE] Ed Van Milraven, Aspen Fire Protection District, CO [E] Terry L. Victor, Tyco/SimplexGrinncll, MD [Mi Hong-Zeng (Bert) Yu, FM Global, MA [1] Alternates David W.Ash, Noveon, Inc., OH [M] (Alt. to G. L.johnson) James K. Clancy, The RJA Group, Inc., CA [SE] (Alt. to R. W. Tucker) Mark E. Fessenden, Tyco Fire & Building Products, RI [M] (Alt. to 'F. L. Victor) David B. Fuller, FM Global, MA [I] (Alt. to H.-Z. Yu) Franz P. Haase, Uponor Win4bo Company Inc., NH [M] (Alt. to A. C. Larson) George E. Laverick, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., IL [RT] (Alt. to K. M. Bell) Thomas L Multer, Reliable Automatic Sprinkler Company, SC [M] (Alt. to T. C. Deegan) Ron Murray, Plumbers and Steamfitters Local 290 (UA), OR [L] (Alt. to E. Packard) Steven R. Rians, Standard Automatic Fire Enterprises, Inc., TX [IM] (Voting Alt. to AFSA Rep.) Peter T. Schwab, Wayne Automatic Fire Sprinklers, Inc., FL ElM] (Alt. to C. W. Stanley) DavidW. Stroup, U.S. National Institute of Standards and Technologa Ml) [RT] (Alt. to fl Madrzykowski) Ronald N. Webb, S.A. Comunale Company, Inc., OH [M] (Alt. to K. E. Lsman) Joseph E. Wiehagen, National Association of Home Builders, MD [U] (Alt. to L. Brown) James V. C. Yates, West Windsor Emergency Services, NI [K] (Alt. to G. W. Baker) Nonvoting Rohit Khanna, U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission, MD [C] Christian Dubay, NFPA Staff Liaison This list nmuents the membership at the time the Committee was balloted on the final text of thi.c edition. Since that time, changes in the membership may have occurred. A key to cla.nfication.c icfoun4 at the back of the documen.l. NOTE: Membership on a committee shall not in and of itself constitute an endorsement of the Association or any document developed by the committee on which the member serves. Committee Scope: This Committee shall have primary responsibility for documents on the design and installation of automatic sprinkler systems in dwellings and residential occupancies up to and including four storie.s in height, including the character and adequacy of water supplies, and the selection of sprinklers, piping, valves, and all materials and accessories. 2007 Edition CONTENTS 13D-5 Contents Chapter 1 Administration ................................13D- 6 1.1 Scope ................................................13D- 6 1.2 Purpose .............................................13D- 6 1.3 Retroactivity ........................................13D- 6 1.4 Equivalency ...................................... .. 13D- 6 1.5 Units ................................................13D- 6 Chapter 2 Referenced Publications ..................13D- 6 2.1 General .............................................13D- 6 2.2 NFPA Publications ...............................13D- 6 2.3 Other Publications ...............................13D- 6 2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections.............................................13D- 7 Chapter 3 Definitions ...................................13D- 7 3.1 General .............................................13D- 7 3.2 NFPA Official Definitions ...................... 13D- 7 3.3 General Definitions ..............................13D- 7 Chapter 4 General Requirements ....................13D- 8 4.1 Compartments ....................................13D- 8 4.2 Maintenance ......................................13D- 8 4.3 Hydrostatic Tests .................................13D- 9 4.4 Sprinkler Temperature Ratings ...............13D- 9 4.5 Tube .................................................13D- 9 4.6 Listed or Labeled ................................13D- 9 4.7 Smoke Alarms .....................................1SD- 9 4.8 Documentation ...................................13D- 9 Chapter 5 System Components .......................13D- 9 5.1 General .............................................13D- 9 5.2 Pipe ..................................................13D- 9 5.3 Pre-engineered Systems ........................13D-1O Chapter 6 Water Supply .................................13D-1O 6.1 General Provisions ................................13D-1O 6.2 Water Supply Sources ...........................13D-1O 6.3 Multipurpose Piping System ...................13D-11 6.4 Manufactured Home Water Supply ..........13D-11 Chapter 7 Installation ...................................13D--11 7.1 Valves ................................................13D-11 7.2 Drains and Test Connections ..................13D-11 7.3 Pressure Gauges ...................................13D-11 7.4 Piping Support ....................................13D-11 7.5 Sprinklers ..........................................13D-12 7.6 Alarms ..............................................13D-12 7.7 Attics ................................................13D-12 Chapter 8 System Design ...............................13D-13 8.1 Design Criteria ....................................1SD-13 8.2 Position of Sprinklers ...........................13D-13 8.3 System Types ......................................13D-15 8.4 Pipe Sizing .........................................13D-17 8.5 Piping Configurations ..........................13D-18 8.6 Location of Sprinklers ..........................13D-18 Annex A Explanatory Material ........................13D-21 Annex B Informational References ...................13D-32 Index..........................................................13D-33 2007 Edition 13D-6 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES NFPA1SD Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two-Family Dwellings and Manufactured Homes 2007 Edition IMPORTANT NOTE, This NFPA document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all pub&ations containing this document and may be found under the heading "Important Notices and Dis- claimers Concerning NFPA Documents." They can also be obtained on request from NFPA or viewed at wurw.nfla.org/disclaimers. NOTICE: An asterisk (C) following the number or letter designating a paragraph indicates that explanatory material on the paragraph can be found in Annex A. Changes other than editorial are indicated by a vertical rule beside the paragraph, table, or figure in which the change occurred. These rules are included as an aid to the user in identifying changes from the previous edition. Where one or more complete paragraphs have been deleted, the de- letion is indicated by a bullet (') between the paragraphs that remain. Information on referenced publications can be found in Chapter 2 and Annex B. Chapter 1 Administration 1.1* Scope. This standard shall cover the design and installa- tion of automatic sprinkler systems for protection against the fire hazards in one- and two-family dwellings and manufac- tured homes. 1.2* Purpose. The purpose of this standard shall be to provide a sprinkler system that aids in the detection and control of residential fires and thus provides improved protection against injury, life loss, and property damage. A sprinkler sys- tem designed and installed in accordance with this standard shall be expected to prevent flashover (total involvement) in the room of fiie origin, where sprinklered, and to improve the chance for occupants to escape or be evacuated. The layout, calculation, and installation of systems installed in accordance with this standard shall only be performed by people knowl- edgeable and trained in such systems. 1.3 Retroactivity. The provisions of this standard reflect a con- sensus of what is necessary to provide an acceptable degree of protection from the hazards addressed in this standard at the time the standard was issued. Unless otherwise specified, the pro- visions of this standard shall not apply to facilities, equipment, structures, or installations that existed or were approved for con- struction or installation prior to the effective date of the stan- dard. Where specified, the provisions of this standard shall be retroactive. In those cases where the authority havingjurisdiction determines that the existing situation presents an unacceptable degree of risk, the authority having jurisdiction shall be permit- ted to apply retroactively any portions of this standard deemed appropriate. The retroactive requirements of this standard shall be permitted to be modified if their application clearly would be impractical in the judgment of the authority having jurisdiction, and only where it is clearly evident that a reasonable degree of safety is provided. 1.4 Equivalency. Nothing in this standard is intended to restrict new technologies or alternative arrangements, provided that the level of safety prescribed by the standard is not reduced. 1.5 Units. 1.5.1* Metric units of measurement in this standard shall be in accordance with the modernized metric system known as the International System of Units (SI). 1.5.2 The liter and bar units shall be permitted to be used in this standard. 1.5.3 The conversion factors for liter, pascal, and bar shall be in accordance with Table 1.5.3. Table 1.5.3 Metric Conversions Name of Unit Unit Symbol Conversion Factor liter L 1 gal = 3.785 L pascal Pa 1 psi = 6894.757 Pa bar bar 1 psi = 0.0689 bar bar bar 1 bar = 10° Pa 1.5.4* Where a value for measurement as specified in this stan- dard is followed by an equivalent value in other units, the first stated value shall be regarded as the requirement. 1.5.5 The equivalent value for a measurement in SI shall be converted by multiplying the value by the conversion factor and then rounding the result to the appropriate number of significant digits. Chapter 2 Referenced Publications 2.1 General. The documents or portions thereof listed in this chapter are referenced within this standard and shall be con- sidered part of the requirements of this document. 2.2 NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Association, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471. NFPA 13, Stand ardfor the installation of Sprinider Systems, 2007 edition. NFPA 72a, National Fire Alarm Codeo, 2007 edition. NFPA 220, Standard on Types of Building Construction, 2006 edition. 2.3 Other Publications. 2.3.1 ANSI Publications. American National Standards Insti- tute, Inc., 25 West 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036. ANSI B36.1OM, Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe, 1996. 2.3.2 ASME Publications. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Three Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990. ASME B16. 1, cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, 1989. ASME B16.3, Malleable iron Threaded Fittings, 1992. ASME B16.4, Gray Iron Threaded Fittings, 1992. ASME B 16.5, Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, 1996. 2007 Edition 13D-6 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND iWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES NFPA 13D Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in One- and Two-Family Dwellings and Manufactured Homes 2007 Edition IMPORTANT NOTE: This NFPA document is made available for use subject to important notices and legal disclaimers. These notices and disclaimers appear in all publications containing this document and may be found under the heading "Important Notices and Dis- claimers Concerning NFPA Documents." They can also be obtained on request from NFPA or viewed at www.nfpa.org/disclaimers. NOTICE: An asterisk (*) following the number or letter designating a paragraph indicates that explanatory material on the paragraph can be found in Annex A. Changes other than editorial are indicated by a vertical rule beside the paragraph, table, or figure in which the change occurred. These rules are included as an aid to the user in identifying changes from the previous edition. Where one or more complete paragraphs have been deleted, the de- letion is indicated by a bullet (.) between the paragraphs that remain. Information on' referenced publications can be found in Chapter 2 and Annex B. Chapter 1 Administration 1.1* Scope. This standard shall cover the design and installa- tion of automatic sprinkler systems for protection against the lire hazards in one- and iwo-family dwellings and manufkc- tured homes. 1.2* Purpose. The purpose of this standard shall be to provide a sprinkler system that aids in the detection and control of residential fires and thus provides improved protection against injury, life loss, and property damage. A sprinkler sys- tem designed and installed in accordance with this standard shall be expected to prevent flashover (total involvement) in the room of fire origin, where sprinklered, and to improve the chance for occupants to escape or be evacuated. The layout, calculation, and installation of systems installed in accordance with this standard shall only be performed by people knowl- edgeable and trained in such systems. 1.3 Retroactivity. The provisions of this standard reflect a con- sensus of what is necessary to provide an acceptable degree of protection from the hazards addressed in this standard at the time the standard was issued. Unless otherwise specified, the pro- visions of this standard shall not apply to facilities, equipment, structures, or installations that existed or were approved for con- struction or installation prior to the effective date of the stan- dard. Where specified, the provisions of this standard shall be retroactive. In those cases where the authority havingjurisdiction determines that the existing situation presents an unacceptable degree of risk, the authority havingjurisdiction shall be permit- ted to apply retroactively any portions of this standard deemed appropriate. The retroactive requirements of this standard shall be permitted to he modified if their application clearly would he impractical in the judgment of the authority having jurisdiction, and only where it is clearly evident that a reasonable degree of safety is provided. 1.4 Equivalency. Nothing in this standard is intended to restrict new technologies or alternative arrangements, provided that the level of safety prescribed by the standard is not reduced. 1.5 Units. 1.5.1* Metric units of measurement in this standard shall he in accordance with the modernized metric system known as the International System of Unit.s (SI). 1.5.2 The liter and bar units shall be permitted to be used in this standard. 1.5.3 The conversion factors for liter, pascal, and bar shall be in accordance with Table 1.5.3. Table 1.5.3 Metric Conversions Name of Unit Unit Symbol Conversion Factor liter L I gal = 3.785 L pascal Pa 1 psi = 6894.757 Pa bar bar 1 psi = 0.0689 bar bar bar 1 bar = 10 Pa 1.5.4' Where a value for measurement as specified in this stan- dard is followed by an equivalent value in other units, the first stated value shall be regarded as the requirement. 1.5.5 The equivalent value for a measurement in Si shall be converted by multiplying the value by the conversion factor and then rounding the result to the appropriate number of significant digits. Chapter 2 Referenced Publications 2.1 General. The documents or portions thereof listed in this chapter are referenced within this standard and shall he con- sidered part of the requirements of this document. 2.2 NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Association, I Battcrymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-747 1. NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation ofS/rrinklerSystens, 2007 edition. NFPA 72®, National Fire Alarm Code®, 2007 edition. NFPA 220, Standard on ljifres of Building Construction, 2006 edition. 2.3 Other Publications. 2.3.1 ANSI Publications. American National Standards insti- tute, Inc., 25 West 43rd Street, 4th Floor, New York, NY 10036. ANSI B36.10M, Welded and Seamless Wrought Steal Pipe, 1996. 2.3.2 ASME Publications. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, Three Park Avenue, NewYork, NY 10016-5990. ASME B 16. 1, Cast fran Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, 1989. ASME B'16.S, Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings, 1992. ASME B16.4, Gray Iron Threaded Fittings, 1992. ASME B 16.5, Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings, 1996. 2007 Edition DEFINITIONS 13D-7 ASME B16.9,. Factory-Made Wrought Steel Buttwelding Fittings, 1993. ASME B16.11, Forged Fittings, Socket-Welding and Threaded, .1996. ASME B16.18, cast Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings, 1984. ASME B16.22, Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy Solder Joint Pressure Fittings, 1995. ASME B16.25, Buttwelding Ends, 1997. 2.3.3 ASTM Publications. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428- 2959. ASTM A 53, Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless, 1998. ASTM A 135, Standard Specification for Electric-Resistance- Welded Steel Pipe, 1997. ASTM A 234, Standard Specification for Piping Fittings of Wrought Carbon Steel andAlloy Steelfor Moderate and Elevated Thm- t)eratures, 1997. ASTM A 795, Standard Specification for Black and Hot-Dipped Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Welded and Seamless SteelPipeforFire Pm- tectión Use, 1997. ASTM B 32, Standard Specification for SolderMeta4 1996. ASTM B 75, Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Tube, 1999. ASTM B 88, Standard Specification for Seamless Copper Water Tube, 1999. ASTM B 251, Standard Specification for General Requirements for Wrought Seamless Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube, 1997. ASTM B 813, Standard Specification forLiquid and Paste Fluxes flit SolderingApplications of Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube, 2000. ASTM B 828, Standard Practice for Making Capillary Joints by Soldering of Copper and CopperAlloy Tube and Fittings, 2000. ASTM D 3309, Standard Specification for Polybutylene (PB) Plastic Hot- and Cold-Water DistributionSystems, 1996. ASTM F 437, Standard Specfication for Threaded Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80, 1996. ASTM F 438, Standard Specification for Socket-73pe Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40, 1997. ASTM F 439, Standard Specfication for Socket-Type chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80, 1997. ASTM F 442, Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR), 1997. ASTM F 876, Standard Specification for Cross-Linked Polyethyl- ene (PEX) Tubing, 2005. ASTM F 1960, Standard Specification for Cold-Expansion Nt- tings with PEX Reinforcing Rings for Use with Cross-Lined Polyethyl- ene (PEX) Tubing, 2005. ASTM F 2080, Standard Specification for cold-Expansion Fit- tings with Metal Compression-Sleeves for Cross-Linked Polyethylene C'PEX) Pipe, 2005. 2.3.4 AWS Publiations. American Welding Society, 550 N.W. Le jeune Road, Miami, FL 33126. AWS A5.8, Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing and Braze Welding, 1992. 2.3.5 Other Publications. 'Merriam-Webster!; Collegiate Dictio- nary, 11th edition, Merriam-Webster, Inc., Springfield, MA, 2003. 2.4 References for Extracts in Mandatory Sections. (Re- served) Chapter .3 Definitions 3.1 General. The definitions contained in this chapter shall apply to the terms used in this standard. Where terms are not defined in this chapter or within another chapter, they shall be defined using their ordinarily accepted meanings within the context in which they are used. Merriam-Websters Collegiate Dictionary, 11th edition, shall be the source for the ordinarily accepted meaning. 3.2 NFPA Official Definitions. 3.2.1l Approved. Acceptable to the authority having jurisdic- tion. 3.2.2* Authority Having jurisdiction (AHJ). An organization, office, or individual responsible for enforcing the require- ments of a code or standard, or for approving equipment, materials, an installation, or a procedure. 3.2.3 Labeled. Equipment or materials to which has been attached a label, symbol, or other identifying mark of an orga- nization that is acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction and concerned with product evaluation, that maintains peri- odic inspection of production of labeled equipment or mate- rials, and by whose labeling the manufacturer indicates com- pliance with appropriate standards or performance in a specified manner. 3.2.4* Listed. Equipment, materials, or services included in a list published by an organization that is acceptable to the au- thority having jurisdiction and concerned with evaluation of products or services, that maintains periodic inspection of production of listed equipment or materials or periodic evalu- ation of services, and whose listing states that either the equip- ment, material, or service meets appropriate designated stan- dards or has been tested and found suitable for a specified purpose. 32.5 Shall. Indicates a mandatory requirement. 3.2.6 Should. Indicates a recommendation or that which is advised but not required. 3.2.7 Standard. A document, the main text of which contains only mandatory provisions using the word "shall" to indicate requirements and which is in a form generally suitable for mandatory reference by another standard or code or for adop- tion into law. Nonmandatory provisions shall be located in an appendix or annex, footnote, or fine-print note and are not to be considered a part of the requirements of a standard. 3.3 General Definitions. 3.3.1 Compartment. See Section 4.1. 3.3.2 Design Discharge. The rate of water discharged by an automatic sprinkler expressed in gpm (mm/mm). 2007 Edition 13D-8 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND IWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES 3.3.3 Dwelling. Any building that contains 'not more than one or two dwelling units intended to be used, rented, leased, let, or hired out to be occupied or that are occupied for habi- tation purposes. 3.3.4 Dwelling Unit. One or more rooms, arranged for the use of one or more individuals living together, as in a single housekeeping unit, that normally have cooking, living, sani- tary, and sleeping facilities. 335* Manufactured Home. A structure, transportable in one or more sections, which, in the traveling mode, is 8 body-ft (2.4 m) or more in width or 40 body-ft (12.2 m) or more in length or, when erected on site, is 320 ft2 (29.7 m2) or more and which is built on a permanent chassis and designed to be used as a dwelling, with or without a permanent foundation, when connected to the required utilities, and includes plumb- ing, heating, air-conditioning, and electrical systems con- tained therein; except that such terms shall include any struc- ture which meets all the requirements of this paragraph except the size requirements and with respect to which the manufacturer voluntarily files a certification required by the regulatory agency. Calculations used to determine the num- ber of square feet in a structure are based on the structure's exterior dimensions, measured at the largest horizontal pro- jections when erected on site. These dimensions include all expandable rooms, cabinets, and other projections contain- ing interior space, but do not include bay windows. 3.3.6 Pressure. 3.3.6.1 Supply Pressure. The pressure within the supply (e.g., city or private supply water source). 3.3.62 System Pressure. The pressure within the system (e.g., above the control valve). 3.3.6.3 System Working Pressure. The maximum antici- pated static (nonflowing) or flowing pressure applied to sprinkler system components exclusive of surge pressures. 3.3.7 Pump. A mechanical device that transfers or raises, or transfers and raises, the pressure of a fluid (water). 3.3.8 Sprinkler. 3.3.8.1 Automatic Sprinkler. A fire suppression or control device that operates automatically when its heat-actuated element is heated to its thermal rating or above, allowing water to discharge over a specific area. 3.3.8.2 Residential Sprinkler. A type of fast-response sprin- kler having a thermal element with an RTI of 50 (meters- seconds) "" or less, that has been specifically investigated for its ability to enhance survivability in the room of fire origin, and that is listed for use in the protection of dwell- ing units. 3.3.9 Systems. 3.3.9.1 Antifreeze Sprinkler System. A wet pipe sprinkler sys- tem employing automatic sprinklers that are attached to a system that contains an antifreeze solution and that are connected to a water supply. The antifreeze solution, fol- lowed by water, discharges immediately from sprinklers opened by a fire. 3.3.9.2 Thy Pipe Sprinkler System. A sprinkler system em- ploying automatic sprinklers that are attached to a piping system containing air or nitrogen under pressure, the re- lease of which (as from the opening of a sprinkler) permits the water pressure to open a valve known as a dry pipe valve, and the water then flows into the piping system and out the opened sprinkler. 33.93* Multipurpose Piping System. A piping system in- tended to serve both domestic and fire protection needs. 3394* Network System. A type of multipurpose system uti- lizing a common piping system supplying domestic fixtures and fire sprinklers where each sprinkler is supplied by a minimum of three separate paths. 3.3.9.5 Preaction Sprinkler System. A sprinkler system em- ploying automatic sprinklers that are attached to a piping system that contains air that might or might not be under pressure, with a supplemental detection system installed in the same areas as the sprinklers. 3.3.9.6 Preengineered System. A packaged sprinkler system including all components connected to the water supply and designed to be installed according to pretested limita- tions. 3.3.9.7 Sprinkler System. For fire protection purposes, an in- tegrated system of underground and overhead piping de- signed in accordance with fire protection engineering stan- dards. The installation includes one or more automatic water supplies. The portion of the sprinkler system aboveground is a network of specially sized or hydraulically designed piping installed in a building, structure, or area, generally overhead, and to which sprinklers are attached in a systematic pattern. The system is usually activated by heat from a fire and dis- charges water over the fire area. 3.3.9.8 Wet Pipe Sprinkler System. A sprinkler system em- ploying automatic sprinklers attached to a piping system containing water and connected to a water supply so that water discharges immediately from sprinklers opened by heat from a fire. 3.3. 10 Valve. 3.3.10.1 Check Valve. A valve that allows flow in one direc- tion only. 3.3.10.2* Control Valve. An indicating valve employed to control (shut) a supply of water to a sprinkler system. 3.3. 11 Waterfiow Alarm. A sounding device activated by a wa- terfiow detector or alarm check valve. 3.3.12 Waterflow Detector. An electric signaling indicator or alarm check valve actuated by waterfiow in one direction only. Chapter 4 General Requirements 4.1 Compartments. 4.1.1 A compartment, for the purposes of this standard, shall be a space that is completely enclosed by walls and a ceiling. 4.1.2 A compartment enclosure shall be permitted to have openings in walls, provided the openings have a minimum lintel depth of 8 in. (203 mm) from the ceiling. 4.2 Maintenance. 4.2.1* The installer shall provide to the owner/occupant in- structions on inspecting, testing, and maintaining the system. 4.2.2 Operated or damaged sprinklers shall be replaced with sprinklers having the same performance characteristics as the original equipment. 2007 Edition 13D-8 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES 3.3.3 Dwelling. Any building that contains not more than one or two dwelling units intended to be used, rented, leased, let, or hired out to be occupied or that are occupied for habi- tation purposes. 3.3.4 Dwelling Unit. One or more rooms, arranged for the USC of one or more individuals living together, as in a single housekeeping unit, that normally have cooking, living, sani- tary, and sleeping facilities. 335* Manufactured Home. A structure, transportable in one or more sections, which, in the traveling mode, is 8 body-fl (2.4 m) or more in width or 40 body-ft (12.2 m) or more in length or, when erected on site, is 320 ft2 (29.7 in2) or more and which is built on a permanent chassis and designed to be used as a dwelling, with or without a permanent foundation, when connected to the required utilities, and includes plumb- ing, heating, air-conditioning, and electrical systems con- tained therein; except that such terms shall include any struc- ture which meets all the requirements of this paragraph except the size requirements and with respect to which the manufacturer voluntarily files a certification required by the regulatory agency. Calculations used to determine the num- ber of square feet in a structure are based on the structure's exterior dimensions, measured at the largest horizontal pro- jections when erected on site. These dimensions include all expandable rooms, cabinets, and other projections contain- ing interior space, but do not include bay windows. 3.3.6 Pressure. 3.3.6.1 Supply Pressure. The pressure within the supply (e.g., city or private supply water source). 3.3.6.2 System Pressure. The pressure within the system (e.g., above the control valve). 3.3.6.3 System Working Pressure. The maximum antici- pated static (nonflowing) or flowing pressure applied to sprinkler system components exclusive of surge pressures. 3.3.7 Pump. A mechanical device that transfers or raises, or transfers and raises, the pressure of a fluid (water). 3.3.8 Sprinkler. 3.3.8.1 Automatic Sprinkler. A fire suppression or control device that operates automatically when its heat-actuated element is heated to its thermal rating or above, allowing water to discharge over a specific area. 3.3.8.2 Residential Sprinkler. A type of fast-response sprin- kler having it thermal element with an RTI of 50 (meters- seconds) 112 or less, that has been specifically investigated For its ability to enhance survivability in the room of fire origin, and that is listed for use in the protection of dwell- ing units. 3.3.9 Systems. 3.3.9.1 Anifreese Sprinkler System. Awet pipe sprinkler sys- tem employing automatic sprinklers that are attached to a system that contains an antifreeze solution and that are connected to a water supply. The antifreeze solution, fol- lowed by water, discharges immediately from sprinklers opened by a fire. 3.3.9.2 Thy Pipe Sprinkler System. A sprinkler system em- ploying automatic sprinklers that are attached to a piping system containing air or nitrogen under pressure, the re- lease of which (as from the opening of a sprinkler) permits the water pressure to open a valve known as a dry pipe valve, and the water then flows into the piping system and out the opened sprinkler. 3.3.9.3' Multipurpose Piping System. A piping system in- tended to serve both domestic and fire protection needs. 339•4* Network System. A type of multipurpose system uti- lizing a common piping system supplying domestic fixtures and fire sprinklers where each sprinkler is supplied by a minimum of three separate paths. 3.5.9.5 Preaction Sprinkler System. A sprinkler system em- ploying automatic sprinklers that are attached to a piping system that contains air that might or might not he under pressure, with a supplemental detection system installed in the same areas as the sprinklers. 3.3.9.6 Preengineered System. A packaged sprinkler system including all components connected to the water supply and designed to be installed according to pretested limita- tions. 33.9.7 Sprinkler System. For fire protection purposes, an in- tegrated system of underground and overhead piping de- signed in accordance with fire protection engineering stan- dards. The installation includes one or more automatic water supplies. The portion of the sprinkler system aboveground is a network of specially sized or hydraulically designed piping installed in a building, structure, or area, generally overhead, and to which sprinklers are attached in a systematic pattern. The system is usually activated by heat from a fire and dis- charges water over the fire area. 3.3.9.8 Wet Pipe Sprinkler System. A sprinkler system em- ploying automatic sprinklers attached to a piping system containing water and connected to a water supply so that water discharges immediately from sprinklers opened by heat from a fire. 3.3. 10 Valve. 3.3.10.1 Check Valve. A valve that allows flow in one direc- tion only. 3.3.10.2* Control Valve. An indicating valve employed to control (shut) a supply of water to a sprinkler system. 3.3.11 WaterflowAlann. A sounding device activated by a wa- terfiow detector or alarm check valve. 3.3.12 Waterflow Detector. An electric signaling indicator or alai-in check valve actuated by waterfiow in one direction only. Chapter 4 General Requirements 4.1 Compartments. 4.1.1 A compartment, for the purposes of this standard, shall be a space that is completely enclosed by walls and a ceiling. 4.1.2 A compartment enclosure shall be permitted to have openings in walls, provided the openings have a minimum lintel depth of 8 in. (203 mm) from the ceiling. 4.2 Maintenance. 4.2.1's The installer shall provide to the owner/occupant in- structions on inspecting, testing, and maintaining the system. 4.2.2 Operated or damaged sprinklers shall be replaced with sprinklers having the same performance characteristics as the original equipment. 2007 Edition SYSTEM COMPONENTS 13D-9 4.2.3 Any sprinklers that have been painted outside of the factory shall be replaced with a new listed sprinkler. 4.2.4* Antifreeze Systems. Before freezing weather each year, the following procedure shall be performed: Solution in the entire antifreeze system emptied into con- venient containers Solution brought to the proper specific gravity by adding concentrated liquid as needed, or a new solution be pre- pared, in accordance with 8.3.3 System refilled with the new or remixed solution 4,3* Hydrostatic Tests. 4.3.1 Where a fire department pumper connection is not provided, the system shall be hydrostatically tested for leakage at normal system operating pressure. 4.3.2 Where a fire department pumper connection is pro- vided, the system shall pass a hydrostatic pressure test per- formed in accordance with NFPA 13, Standard for the Installa- tion of Sprinkler Systems. 4.4 Sprinkler Temperature Ratings. 4.4.1 Sprinklers having a temperature rating of 135°F to 170°F (57°C to 77°C) shall be classified as ordinary temperature—rated sprinklers. 4.4.2 Sprinklers having a temperature rating of 175°F to 225°F (79°C to 107°C) shall be classified as intermediate temperature—rated sprinklers. 4.5 Tube. Wherever the word pipe is used in this standard, it shall also mean tube. 4.6 Listed or Labeled. Listed or labeled devices and materials shall be installed and used in accordance with the listing limi- tations and the manufacturers' instructions unless permitted by other sections of this document. 4.7 Smoke Alarms. Smoke alarms shall be provided in accor- dance with NFPA 72, NationalFireAlarm Code. 4.8' Documentation. Documentation shall be available upon request to ensure adequate water supply, listed devices, and adequate sprinkler coverage have been addressed. Chapter 5 System Components 5.1 General. 5.1.1* Only new sprinklers shall be installed in sprinkler systems. 5.1.2 Devices and materials used in sprinkler systems shall be listed unless permitted not to be by 5.1.3. 5.1.3 Tanks, expansion tanks, pumps, hangers, waterfiow de- tection devices, and waterfiow valves shall not be required to be listed. 5.2 Pipe. 5.2.1* Pipe or tube used in sprinkler systems shall be of the materials specified in Table 5.2.1.1 or shall be in accordance with 5.2.2. 5.2.1.1 The chemical properties, physical properties, and di- mensions of pipe materials shall be at least equivalent to the standards cited in Table 5.2.1.1. Table 5.2.1.1 Pipe or Tube Materials and Dimensions Materials and Dimensions Standard Standard Specification for Black and ASTM A 795 Hot-Dipped Zinc-Coated (Galvanized) Welded and Seamless Steel Pipe for Fire Protection Use Standard Specification for Pipe, Steel, ASTM A 53 Black and Hot-Dipped, Zinc-Coated, Welded and Seamless Welded and Seamless Wrought Steel Pipe ANSI B 36.10M Standard Specification for ASTM A 135 Electric-Resistance-Welded Steel Pipe Standard Specification for Seamless ASTM B 75 Copper Tube [Copper Tube (Drawn, Seamless)] Standard Specification for Seamless ASTM B 88 Copper Water Tube Standard Specification for General ASTM B 251 Requirements for Wrought Steamless Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube Standard Specification for Liquid and ASTM 11813 Paste Fluxes for Soldering Applications of Copper and Copper-Alloy Tube Specification for Filler Metals for Brazing AWS A5.8 and Braze Welding (BCuP, copper- phosphorus, or copper-phosphorus-silver brazing filler metal) Standard Specification for Solder Metal ASTM B 32 [alloy grades containing less than 0.2 percent lead as identified in ASTM B 32, Table 5, Section 1, and having a solidus temperature that exceeds 400°F (204°C)] 5.2.1.2 Pipe used in sprinkler systems other than those ad- dressed in 5.2.1.3 shall be designed to withstand a working pressure of not less than 175 psi (12.1 bar). 5.2.1.3 Nonmetallic pipe used in multipurpose piping sys- tems not equipped with a fire department connection shall be designed to withstand a working pressure of not less than 130 psi (8.9 bar) at 120°F (49°C). 5.2.2 Types of pipe other than those specified in Table 5.2.1.1 shall be permitted to be used where listed for sprinkler system use. 5.2.2.1 Pipe differing from those specified in Table 5.2.1.1 shall be installed in accordance with their listings and the manufacturers' installation instructions. 5.2.2.2* Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) and polybu- tylene (PB) pipe shall comply with the portions of the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards specified in Table 5.2.2.2 that apply to fire protection service. 5.2.3 Schedule 10 steel pipe shall be permitted to be joined with mechanical groove couplings approved for service. 5.2.4* Where mechanical groove couplings are used to join pipe, grooves shall be rolled on the pipe by an approved groove-rolling machine. 2007 Edition 13D-10 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND IWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES Table 5.2.2.2 Specially Listed Pipe or Tube Materials and Dimensions Materials and Dimensions Standard Nonmetallic Piping: Standard Specification for Chlorinated ASTM F 442 Poly (Vinyl) Chloride (CPVC) Pipe Standard Specification for Polybutylene ASTM D 3309 (PB) Plastic Hot- and Cold-Water Distribution Systems - 5.2.5 Fittings used in sprinkler systems shall be of the materi- als listed in Table 5.2.5 or shall be in accordance with 5.2.9. 5.2.5.1 The chemical properties, physical properties, and di- mensions of fitting materials shall be at least equivalent to the standards cited in Table 5.2.5. 5.2.5.2 Fittings used in sprinkler systems other than those addressed in 5.2.5.3 shall be designed to withstand a working pressure of not less than 175 psi (12.1 bar). 5.2.5.3 Nonmetallic fittings used in multipurpose piping sys- tems not equipped with a fire department connection shall be designed to withstand a working pressure of not less than 130 psi (8.9 bar) at 120°F (490C). 5.2.6 Joints for the connection of copper tube shall be brazed on dry pipe and preaction systems. 5.2.7 Joints for the connection of copper tube for wet pipe systems and antifreeze systems shall be solder joints or be brazed. Table 5.2.5 Fitting Materials and Dimensions Materials and Dimensions Standard Cast Iron: Gray Iron Threaded Fittings ASME B16.4 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged ASME B16.1 Fittings Malleable Iron: Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings ASME B16.3 Steel: Factory-Made Wrought Steel ASME B16.9 Buttwelding Fittings Buttwelding Ends ASME B16.25 Standard Specification for Piping Fittings ASTM A 234 of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and Elevated Temperatures Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings ASME B16.5 Forged Fittings, Socket-Welding and ASME B16.11 Threaded Copper: Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy ASME B16.22 SolderJoint Pressure Fittings Cast Copper Alloy SolderJoint Pressure ASME B16.18 Fittings 5.2.8 Solder joints, where permitted, shall be fabricated in accordance with the methods and procedures listed in ASTM B 828, Standard Practice for Making Capillaiy Joints by Soldering of Copper and CopperAlloy Tube and Fittings. 5.2.9 Types of fittings other than those specified in Table 5.2.5 shall be permitted to be used where listed for sprinkler system use. 5.2.9.1 Fittings differing from those specified in Table 5.2.5 shall be installed in accordance with their listings and the manufacturers' installation instructions. 5.2.9.2* Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) and polyhuty- lene (PB) fittings shall comply with the portions of the Ameri- can Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards speci- fied in Table 5.2.9.2 that apply to fire protection service. Table 5.2.9.2 Specially Listed Fittings and Dimensions Materials and Dimensions Standard Standard Specification for Schedule 80 ASTM F 437 CPVC Threaded Fittings Standard Specification for Schedule 40 ASTM F 438 CPVC Socket-Type Fittings Standard Specification for Schedule 80 ASTM F 439 CPVC Socket-Type Fittings 5.2.10 Other joining methods investigated for suitability in automatic sprinkler installations and listed for this service shall be permitted. 5.3 Pre-engineered Systems. Where listed pre-engineered sys- tems are installed, they shall be installed within the limitations that have been established by the testing laboratories. Chapter 6 Water Supply 6.1 Genes-al Provisions. 6.1.1 Every automatic sprinkler system shall have at least one automatic water supply. 6.1.2 Where stored water is used as the sole source of supply, the minimum quantity shall equal the water demand rate times 10 minutes unless permitted otherwise by 6.1.3. 6.1.3 Where stored water is used as the sole source of supply, the minimum quantity shall be permitted to equal the two- sprinkler water demand rate times 7 minutes where dwelling units meet the following criteria: One story in height Less than 2000 ft2 (186 in 2) in area 6.2 Water Supply Sources. The following water supply sources shall be considered to be acceptable by this standard: A connection to a reliable waterworks system with or with- out an automatically operated pump An elevated tank A pressure tank designed toAmerican Society of Mechani- cal Engineers (ASME) standards for a pressure vessel with a reliable pressure source A stored water source with an automatically operated pump 2007 Edition 13D-10 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES Table 5.2.2.2 Specially Listed Pipe or Tube Materials and Dimensions Materials and Dimensions Standard Nonmetallic Piping: Standard Specification for Chlorinated ASTM F 442 Poly (Vinyl) Chloride (CPVC) Pipe Standard Specification for Polybutylene ASTM D 3309 (PB) Plastic Hot- and Cold-Water Distribution Systems 5.2.5 Fittings used in sprinkler systems shall be of the materi- als listed in Table 5.2.5 or shall be in accordance with 5.2.9. 5.2.5.1 The chemical properties, physical properties, and di- mensions of fitting materials shall be at least equivalent to the standards cited in Table 5.2.5. 5.2.5.2 Fittings used in sprinkler systems other than those addressed in 5.2.5.3 shall be designed to withstand a working pressure of not less than 175 psi (12.1 bar). 5.2.5.3 Nonmetallic fittings used in multipurpose piping sys- tems not equipped with a fire department connection shall be designed to withstand a working pressure of not less than 130 psi (8.9 bar) at 120°F (49°C). 5.2.6 Joints for the connection of copper tube shall be brazed on dry pipe and preaction systems. 5.2.7 joints for the connection of copper tube for wet pipe systems and antifreeze systems shall be solder joints or be brazed. Table 5.2.5 Fitting Materials and Dimensions Materials and Dimensions Standard Cast iron: Gray Iron Threaded Fittings ASME B16.4 Cast Iron Pipe Flanges and Flanged ASME B16.1 Fittings Malleable Iron: Malleable Iron Threaded Fittings ASME B16.3 Steal: Factory-Made Wrought Steel ASME B16.9 Buttwelding Fittings Buttwelding Ends •. ASME B16.25 Standard Specification for Piping Fittings ASTM A 234 of Wrought Carbon Steel and Alloy Steel for Moderate and Elevated Temperatures Pipe Flanges and Flanged Fittings ASME B16.5 Forged Fittings, Socket-Welding and ASME 1316.11 Threaded Copper: Wrought Copper and Copper Alloy ASME 1316.22 Solder joint Pressure Fittings Cast Copper Alloy SolderJoint Pressure ASME B16.18 Fittings 5.2.8 Solder joints, where permitted, shall be fabricated in accordance with the methods and procedures listed in ASTM B 828, Standard I'racticeforMahing Capillaiy Joints by Soldering of Copper and C61perA11oy Tube and Fittings. 5.2.9 Types of fittings other than those specified in Table 5.2.5 shall he permitted to be used where listed for sprinkler system use. 5.2.9.1 Fittings differing from those specified in Table 5.2.5 shall be installed in accordance with their listings and the manuflicturers' installation instructions. 5.2.9.2 Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) and polybuty- lenc (PB) fittings shall comply with the portions of the Ameri- can Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) standards speci- fied in Table 5.2.9.2 that apply to fire protection service. Table 5.2.9.2 Specially Listed Fittings and Dimensions Materials and Dimensions Standard Standard Specification for Schedule 80 ASTM F 437 CPVC Threaded Fittings Standard Specification for Schedule 40 ASTM F 438 CPVC Socket-Type Fittings Standard Specification for Schedule 80 ASTM F 439 CPVC Socket-Type Fittings 5.2.10 Other joining methods investigated for suitability in automatic sprinkler installations and listed for this service shall be permitted. 5.3 Pre-engineered Systems. Where listed pre-engineered sys- tems are installed, they shall be installed within the limitations that have been established by the testing laboratories. Chapter 6 Water Supply 6.1 General Provisions. 6.1.1 Every automatic sprinkler system shall have at least one automatic water supply. 6.1.2 Where stored water is used as the sole source of supply, the minimum quantity shall equal the water demand rate times 10 minutes unless permitted otherwise by 6.1.3. 6.1.3 Where stored water is used as the sole source of supply, the minimum quantity shall be permitted to equal the two- sprinkler water demand rate times 7 minutes where dwelling units meet the following criteria: One story in height Less than 2000 ft2 (186 m2) in area 6.2" Water Supply Sources. The following water supply sources shall be considered to be acceptable by this standard: A connection to a reliable waterworks system with or with- out an automatically operated pump An elevated tank A pressure tank designed to American Society of Mechani- cal Engineers (ASME) standards for a pressure vessel with a reliable pressure source A stored water source with an automatically operated pump 2007 Edition INSTALLATION 13D-11 (5) A well with a pump of sufficient capacity and pressure to meet the sprinkler system demand. The stored water re- quirement of 6.1.2 or 6.1.3 shall be permitted to be a com- bination of the water in the well (including the refill rate) plus the water in the holding tank if such tank can supply the sprinkler system. 6.2.1 * Prior to system acceptance, a system utilizing a pump shall be tested by opening the drain/test connection. The pump shall sense the flow, turn on, and flow water for the required duration of 6.1.2 or 6.1.3 (as appropriate) without interruption. 6.2.2 Where a pump and tank is the source of supply for a fire sprinkler system but is not a portion of the domestic water system, the following shall be met: (I) A test connection shall be provided downstream of the pump that creates a flow of water equal to the smallest sprinkler on the system. The connection shall return wa- ter to the tank. Pump motors using ac power shall be connected to a 240 V normal circuit. Any disconnecting means for the pump shall be approved. A method for refilling the tank shall be piped to the tank. A method of seeing the water level in the tank shall be provided without having to open the tank. The pump shall not be permitted to sit directly on the floor. 6.3 Multipurpose Piping System. A piping system serving both sprinkler and domestic needs shall be considered to be accept- able by this standard where the following conditions are met: In common water supply connections serving more than one dwelling unit, 5 gpm (19 L/min) shall be added to the sprinkler system demand to determine the size of common piping and the size of the total water supply requirements where no provision is made to prevent flow into the domes- tic water system upon operation of a sprinkler. All piping in the system supplying sprinklers is listed and conforms to the piping specifications of this standard. Piping connected to the system that supplies only plumb- ing fixtures complies with local plumbing and health au- thority requirements but is not required to be listed. Permitted by the local plumbing or health authority. Warning Sign. A sign shall be affixed adjacent to the main shutoff valve that states in minimum ¼ in. (6.4 mm) let- ters, "Warning, the water system for this home supplies tire sprinklers that require certain flows and pressures to fight a fire. Devices that restrict the flow or decrease the pressure or automatically shut off the water to the fire sprinkler system, such as water softeners, filtration sys- tems, and automatic shutoff valves, shall not be added to this system without a review of the fire sprinkler system by a fire protection specialist. Do not remove this sign." Where water treatment and filtration are installed, one of the following conditions shall be met: The flow restriction and pressure loss through the water treatment equipment shall be taken into ac- count in the hydraulic calculations. An automatic bypass shall be installed around the wa- ter treatment equipment that directs all water directly to the system. 6.4 Manufactured Home Water Supply. For sprinklered build- ings manufactured off-site, the minimum pressure needed to satisfy the system design criteria on the system side of the meter shall be specified on a data plate by the manufacturer. Chapter 7 Installation 7.1 Valves. 7.1.1 A single control valve arranged to shut off both the domestic system and the sprinkler system shall be installed unless a separate shutoff valve for the sprinkler system is in- stalled in accordance with 7.1.2. 7.1.2 The sprinkler system piping shall not have a separate control valve installed unless supervised by one of the follow- ing methods: Central station, proprietary, or remote station alarm service Local alarm service that causes the sounding of an audible signal at a constantly attended location Valves that are locked open 7.1.3 A separate shutoff valve shall be installed for the domes- tic water supply in installations other than those complying with Section 6.3. 7.2 Drains and Test Connections. 7.2.1 Each sprinkler system shall have a drain on the system side of the control valve. 7.2.2 A valve shall be installed in the drain piping. 7.2.3 A drain shall be installed for each trapped portion of a dry system that is subject to freezing temperatures. 7.2.4* Where waterfiow alarms are provided, inspector's test connections shall be installed at locations that allow flow test- ing of water supplies, connections, and alarm mechanisms. 7.2.5 The inspector's test connections shall contain an orifice equal to or smaller than the smallest sprinkler installed in the system. 7.3 Pressure Gauges. 7.3.1 Where a dry system is installed, a pressure gauge shall be installed to indicate system air pressure. 7.3.2 Where a pressure tank is used for the water supply, a pressure gauge shall be installed to indicate tank pressure. 7.4 Piping Support. 7.4.1 Listed pipe shall be supported in accordance with any listing limitations. 7.4.2 Pipe that is not listed, and listed pipe with listing limita- tions that do not include piping support requirements, shall he supported from structural members using support meth- ods comparable to those required by applicable local plumb- ing codes. 7.4.3 Piping laid on open joists or rafters shall be supported in a manner that prevents lateral movement. 744* Sprinkler piping shall be supported in a manner that prevents the movement of piping upon sprinkler operation. ' 2007 Edition 13D-12 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES 7.5 Sprinklers. 7.5.1 Listed residential sprinklers shall be used unless an- other type is permitted by 7.5.3 or 7.5.4. 7.5.2 Residential sprinklers shall not be used on systems other than wet pipe systems unless specifically listed for use on that particular type of system. 7.5.3 Listed standard dry-pendent or dry-sidewall sprinklers shall be permitted to be extended into unheated areas not intended for living purposes. 7.5.4 Quick-response sprinklers shall be permitted to be used in mechanical closets. 7.5.5 Temperature Ratings. 7.5.5.1 Sprinklers installed where maximum ambient ceiling temperatures do not exceed 100°F (38°C) shall be ordinary temperature—rated sprinklers unless modified by the require- ments of 7.5.5.3. 7.5.5.2 Sprinklers installed where maximum ambient ceiling temperatures are between 101°F and 150°F (39°C and 66°C) shall he intermediate temperature—rated sprinklers unless modified by 7.5.5.3. 7.5.5.3 The following practices shall be observed when in- stalling residential sprinklers unless higher expected ambient temperatures require a higher temperature rating: (1) Sprinklers under glass or plastic skylights exposed to di- rect rays of the sun shall be of intermediate temperature classification. Sprinklers in an unventilated concealed space under an uninsulated roof or in an unventilated attic shall be of intermediate temperature classification. Sprinklers installed near specific heat sources that are identified in Table 7.5.5.3 shall be of the temperature rat- ing indicated in Table 7.5.5.3 unless sprinklers are listed for positioning closer to the heat source. 7.5.6* Painting and Ornamental Finishes. Sprinklers shall not be painted or enameled unless applied by the manufacturer and the sprinkler has been listed with such finishes. 7.5.7 Escutcheon Plates. Where nonmetallic sprinkler ceiling plates (escutcheons) or recessed escutcheons (metallic or nonmetallic) are used, they shall be listed based on testing of the assembly as a residential sprinkler. 7.5.8 Solvent Cement. Where solvent cement is used as the pipe and fittings bonding agent, sprinklers shall not be installed in the fittings prior to the fittings being cemented in place. 7.6* Alarms. Local waterfiow alarms shall be provided on all sprinkler systems in homes not equipped with smoke alarms or smoke detectors in accordance with NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm Code. 7.7 Attics. When nonmetallic piping is installed in attics, ad- equate insulation shall be provided on the attic side of the piping to avoid exposure of the piping to temperatures in ex- cess of the pipe's rated temperature. Table 7.5.5.3 Minimum Distances for Ordinary and Intermediate Temperature Residential Sprinklers Minimum Distance from Edge Minimum Distance from Edge of Source to Ordinary of Source to Intermediate Temperature Sprinkler Temperature Sprinkler Heat Source in. mm in. mm Side of open or recessed 36 914 12 305 fireplace Front of recessed 60 1524 36 914 fireplace Coal- or wood-burning 42 1067 12 305 stove Kitchen range 18 457 9 229 Wall oven 18 457 9 229 Hot air flues 18 457 9 229 Uninsulated heat ducts 18 457 9 229 Uninsulated hot water 12 305 6 152 pipes Side of ceiling- or 24 607 12 305 wall-mounted hot air diffusers Front of wall-mounted 36 914 18 457 hot air diffusers Hot water heater or 6 152 3 76 furnace Light fixture 0 W-250 W 6 152 3 76 250 W-499W 12 305 6 152 2007 Edition 13D-12 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACI'URED HOMES 7.5 Sprinklers. 7.5.1 Listed residential sprinklers shall be used unless an- other type is permitted by 7.5.3 or 7.5.4. 7.5.2 Residential sprinklers shall not be used on systems other than wet pipe systems unless specifically listed for use on that particular type of system. 7.5.3 Listed standard dry-pendent or dry-sidewall sprinklers shall be permitted to be extended into unheated areas not intended for living purposes. 7.5.4 Quick-response sprinklers shall be permitted to be used in mechanical closets. 7.5.5 Temperature Ratings. 7.5.5.1 Sprinklers installed where maximum ambient ceiling temperatures do not exceed 100°F (38°C) shall be ordinary temperature—rated sprinklers unless modified by the require- inents of 7.5.5.3. 7.5.5.2 Sprinklers installed where maximum ambient ceiling temperatures are between 101°F and 150°F (39°C and 66°C) shall be intermediate temperature—rated sprinklers unless modified by 7.5.5.3. 7.5.5.3 The following practices shall be observed when in- stalling residential sprinklers unless higher expected ambient temperatures require a higher temperature rating: (1) Sprinklers under glass or plastic skylights exposed to di- rect rays of the sun shall be of intermediate temperature classification. Sprinklers in an unventilated concealed space under an urinsulateci roof or in an unventilated attic shall be of intermediate temperature classification. Sprinklers installed near specific heat sources that are identified in Table 7.5.5.3 shall be of the temperature rat- ing indicated in Table 7.5.5.3 unless sprinklers are listed for positioning closer to the heat source. 7.5.6° Painting and Ornamental Finishes. Sprinklers shall not be painted or enameled unless applied by the manufacturer and the sprinkler has been listed with such finishes. 7.5.7 Escutcheon Plates. Where nonmetallic sprinkler ceiling plates (escutcheons) or recessed escutcheons (metallic or nonmetallic) are used, they shall be listed based on testing of the assembly as a residential sprinkler. 7.5.8 Solvent Cement. Where solvent cement is used as the pipe and fittings bonding agent, sprinklers shall not be installed in the fittings prior to the fittings being cemented in place. 7.6* Alarms. Local waterfiow alarms shall be provided on all sprinkler systems in homes not equipped with smoke alarms or smoke detectors in accordance with NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm Code. 7.7 Attics. When nonmetallic piping is installed in attics, ad- equate insulation shall be provided on the attic side of the piping to avoid exposure of the piping to temperatures in ex- cess of the pipe's rated temperature. Table 7.5.5.3 Minimum Distances for Ordinary and Intermediate Temperature Residential Sprinklers Heat Source Minimum Distance from Edge of Source to Ordinary Temperature Sprinkler in. mm Minimum Distance from Edge of Source to Intermediate Temperature Sprinkler in. mm Side of open or rec:cssecl 36 914 12 305 fireplace Front of recessed 60 1524 36 914 fireplace Coal- or wood-burning 42 1067 12 305 stove Kitchen range 18 457 9 229 Wall oven 18 457 9 229 Hot. air flues 18 457 9 229 tJninsulaied heat ducts 18 457 9 229 Uninsulated hot water 12 305 6 152 pipes Side of ceiling- or 24 607 12 305 wall-mounted hot air diffusers Front of wall-mounted 36 914 18 457 hot air diffusers 1-lot water heater or 6 152 3 76 furnace Light fixture (I W-25() W 6 152 . 3 76 250 W-499W 12 305 6 152 2007 Edition SYSTEM DESIGN 13D-13 Chapter 8 System Design 8.1 Design Criteria. 8.1.1 Design Discharge. 8.1.1.1 Sprinklers That Are Not Listed with Specific Dis- charge Criteria. 8.1.1.1.1 The system shall provide a discharge of not less than 13 gpm (49 L/min) per sprinkler simultaneously to all of the design sprinklers. 8.1.1.1.2 The system shall provide a discharge of not less than 18 gpm (68 L/min) to any sprinkler in the system. 8.1.1.2* Sprinklers That Are Listed with Specific Discharge Criteria. 8.1.1.2.1 The system shall provide at least the flow required for the multiple and single sprinkler operating criteria speci- fied by the sprinkler listing. 8.1.1.2.2* The system shall provide at least the flow required to produce a minimum discharge density of 0.05 gpm/ft2 (2.04 mm/mm) to the design sprinklers. 8.1.2* Number of Design Sprinklers. The number of design sprinklers under flat, smooth, horizontal ceilings shall include all sprinklers within a compartment, up to a maximum of two sprinklers, that require the greatest hydraulic demand. 8.1.3 Sprinkler Coverage. 8.1.3.1 Residential Sprinklers. 8.1.3.1.1 Sprinklers shall be installed in accordance with their listing where the type of ceiling configuration is refer- enced in the listing. 8.1.3.1.2* Where construction features or other special condi- tions exist that are outside the scope of sprinkler listings, listed sprinklers shall be permitted to be installed beyond their list- ing limitations. 8.1.3.1.3 Sloped Ceilings. 8.1.3.1.3.1 Where the ceiling is sloped, the maximum S di- mension shall be measured aloiig the slope of the ceiling to the next sprinkler, as shown in Figure 8.1.3.1.3.1. S Minimum listed spacing but not less than 8 ft Elevation View Elevation View FIGURE 8.1.3.1.3.1 Measuring S Dimension. 8.1.3.1.3.2 The sprinklers shall maintain the minimum listed spacing, but no less than 8 ft (2.44 m), measured in the plan view from one sprinkler to another, as shown in Figure 8.1.3.1.3.1. 8.1.3.2 Nonresidential Sprinklers. Sprinklers other than resi- dential sprinklers shall be installed in accordance with the cov- erage criteria specified by NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems. 8.1.4 Operating Pressure. The minimum operating pressure of any sprinkler shall be the higher of the minimum operating pressure specified by the listing or 7 psi (05 bar). 8.2 Position of Sprinklers. 8.2.1 Residential Pendent and Upright Sprinklers. 8.2.1.1 Pendent and upright sprinklers that have not been listed with specific positioning criteria shall be positioned so that the deflectors are within 1 in. to 4 in. (25.4 mm to 102 mm) from the ceiling unless otherwise permitted by 8.2.1.3. 8.2.1.2 Pendent and upright sprinklers that have been listed with specific positioning criteria shall be positioned in accor- dance with their listing unless permitted otherwise by 8.2.1.3. 8.2.1.3 Pendent and upright sprinklers in closets shall be per- mitted to be installed within 12 in. (305 mm) of the ceiling in order to avoid obstructions near the ceiling. 8.2.2 Residential Sidewall Sprinklers. 8.2.2.1 Sidewall sprinklers that have not been listed with spe- cific positioning criteria shall be positioned so that the deflec- tors are within 4 in. to 6 in. (102 mm to 152 mm) from the ceiling. 8.2.2.2 Sidewall sprinklers that have been listed with specific positioning criteria shall be installed in accordance with their listing. 8.2.3 Nonresidential Sprinklers. Sprinklers other than resi- dential sprinklers shall be positioned in accordance with the positioning criteria specified by NFPA 13, Standardfor the lnstal- lation of Sprinkler Systems. 8.2.4 In basements where ceilings are not required for the pro- tection of piping or where metallic pipe is installed, residential sprinklers shall be permitted to be positioned in a manner that anticipates future installation of a finished ceiling. 8.2.5* Obstructions to Residential Sprinklers. 8.2.5.1 Closets. In all closets, including those closets housin mechanical equipment, that are not larger than 400 ft (11.3 m5) in size, a single sprinkler at the highest ceiling space in the closet shall be sufficient without regard to obstructions. 8.2.5.2 Pendent Sprinklers. 8.2.5.2.1 Pendent sprinklers shall be located at least 3 ft (914 mm) away from obstructions such as ceiling fans and light fixtures unless the requirements of 8.2.5.4 are met. 8.2.5.2.2 The distance shall be measured from the center of the sprinkler to the center of the obstruction. 8.2.5.2.3 Where the sprinkler cannot be located 3 ft (914 mm) away from the obstruction (as measured from the center of the obstruction), an additional sprinkler shall be located on the other side of the obstruction. 8.2.5.2.4 Where the area of the fan blades encompass more than 50 percent of the area of the plan view, the sprinkler shall be installed in accordance with 8.2.5.4. 2007 Edition 13D-14 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE. AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES 8.2.5.3 Sidewall Sprinklers. 8.2.5.3.1 Sidewall sprinklers shall be located at least 5 ft (1.52 m) away from obstructions such as ceiling fans and light fixtures unless the requirements of 8.2.5.5 are met. 8.2.5.3.2 The distance shall be measured from the center of the sprinkler to the center of the obstruction. 8.2.5.3.3 Where the sprinkler cannot be located 5 ft (1.52 m) away from the obstruction (as measured to the center of the obstruction), an additional sprinkler shall be installed on the other side of the obstruction. 8.2.5.3.4 Where the area of the fan blades encompasses more than 50 percent of the area of the plan view, the sprinkler shall be installed in accordance with 8.2.5.5. 8.2.5.4 Continuous Obstructions to Pendent Sprinklers. 8.2.5.4.1 Sprinklers shall be positioned with respect to con- tinuous obstructions in accordance with 8.2.5.4.2, 8.2.5.4.3, or 8.2.5.4.4. 8.2.5.4.2 Sprinklers shall be positioned with respect to con- tinuous obstructions in accordance with Table 8.2.5.4.2 and Figure 8.2.5.4.2. Table 8.2.5.4.2 Position of Sprinklers to Avoid Obstructions to Discharge (Residential Upright and Pendent Spray Sprinklers) Maximum Allowable Distance of Deflector Distance from Sprinklers to Above Bottom of Side of Obstruction (A) Obstruction (in.) (B) Less than 1 ft 0 lftto less than lft6in. 0 lft6 in. to less than 2ft 1 2ftto less than 2ft6in. 1 2 ft 6 in. to less than 3 ft 1 3fttolessthan3ft6in. 3 3 ft 6 in. to less than 4 ft 3 4 ft to less than 4 ft 6 in. 5 4ft6in. to less than 5 f 7 5 ft to less than 5 ft 6 in. 7 5 ft 6 in. to less than 6 ft 7 6 ft to less than 6 ft 6 in. 9 6 ft 6 in. to less than 7 ft 11 7 ft and greater - --- 14 For SI units, 1 in. = 25.4 mm; 1 ft = 0.3048 m. Note: For (A) and (B), refer to Figure 8.2.5.4.2. 8.2.5.4.3 Sprinklers shall be positioned with respect to an obstruction against a wall in accordance with Figure 8.2.5.4.3. 8.2.5.4.4 Asprinkler shall be installed on the other side of the obstruction. 8.2.5.5 Continuous Obstructions to Sidewall Sprinklers. 8.2.5.5.1 Sprinklers shall be positioned with respect to con- tinuous obstructions in accordance with 8.2.5.5.2 or 8.2.5.5.3. 8.2.5.5.2 Sprinklers shall be positioned with respect to continu- ous obstructions in accordance with Table 8.2.5.5.2(a), Figure 8.2.5.5.2(a), Table 8.2.5.5.2(b), and Figure 8.2.5.5.2(b). Ceiling B Obstruction A 4 Elevation View FIGURE 8.2.5.4.2 Position of Sprinkler to Avoid Obstruc- tions to Discharge (Residential Upright and Pendent Spray Sprinklers). Ceiling Obstruction A A ~(D- 8 in.) + B Wall [A~t(D-0.2m)+B] where: D:5 30 in. (0.8 m) Elevation View FIGURE 8.2.5.4.3 Obstructions Against Walls (Residential Upright and Pendent Spray Sprinklers). 8.2.5.5.3 A sprinkler shall be installed on the other side of the obstruction. 8.2.5.6 Soffits and Cabinets. Where soffits are used for the installation of sidewall sprinklers, the sprinklers and soffits shall be installed in accordance with 8.2.5.6.1, 8.2.5.6.2, or 8.2.5.6.3. 8.2.5.6.1 Where soffits exceed more than 8 in. (203 mm) in width or projection from the wall sprinklers shall be installed under the soffit. 8.2.5.6.2 Sidewall sprinklers shall be permitted to be installed in the face of a soffit located directly over cabinets, without requiring additional sprinklers below the soffit or cabinets, where the soffit does not project horizontally more than 12 in. (305 mm) from the wall. 2007 Edition 13D-14 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES 8.2.5.3 Sidewall Sprinklers. 8.2.5.3.1 Sidewall sprinklers shall be located at least 5 ft (1.52 m) away from obstructions, such as ceiling fans and light fixtures unless the requirements of 8.2.5.5 are met. 8.2.5.3.2 The distance shall be measured from the center of the sprinkler to the center of the obstruction. 8.2.5.3.3 Where the sprinkler cannot he located 5 ft (1.52 m) away from the obstruction (as measured to the center of the obstruction), an additional sprinkler shall be installed on the other side of the obstruction. 8.2.5.3.4 Where the area of the fan blades encompasses more than 50 percent of the area of the plan view, the sprinkler shall be installed in accordance with 8.2.5.5. 8.2.5.4 Continuous Obstructions to Pendent Sprinklers. 8.2.5.4.1 Sprinklers shall be positioned with respect to con- tinuous obstructions in accordance with 8.2.5.4.2, 8.2.5.4.3, or 8.2.5.4.4. 8.2.5.4.2 Sprinklers shall be positioned with respect to con- tinuous obstructions in accordance with Table 8.2.5.4.2 and Figure 8.2.5.4.2. Table 8.2.5.4.2 Position of Sprinklers to Avoid Obstructions to Discharge (Residential Upright and Pendent Spray Sprinklers) Maximum Allowable Distance of Deflector Distance from Sprinklers to Above Bottom of Side of Obstruction (A) Obstruction (in.) (B) Less than 1 ft 0 1 ftto less than lft6in. 0 lft6 in. to less than 2ft 1 2 ft to less than 2 ft 6 in. 1 2 ft 6 in. to less than 3 ft 1 3ftto1essthan3ft6in. 3 3 ft 6 in. to less than 4 ft 3 4 ft to less than 4 ft 6 in. 5 4 ft 6 in. to less than 5 ft 7 5ftto less than 5ft6in. 7 5 ft 6 in. to less than 6 ft 7 6ftto less than 6ft6in. 9 6ft6 in. to legs than 7ft 11 7 f and greater 14 For SI units, 1 in. = 25.4 mm; 1 ft = 0.3048 m. Note: For (A) and (B), refer to Figure 8.2.5.4.2. 8.2.5.4.3 Sprinklers shall be positioned with respect to an obstruction against a wall in accordance with Figure 8.2.5.4.3. 8.2.5.4.4 Asprinkler shall be installed on the other side of the obstruction. 8.2.5.5 Continuous Obstructions to Sidewall Sprinklers. 8.2.5.5.1 Sprinklers shall be positioned with respect to con- tinuous obstructions in accordance with 8.2.5.5.2 or 8.2.5.5.3. 8.2.5.5.2 Sprinklers shall be positioned with respect to continu- ous obstructions in accordance with Table 8.2.5.5.2(a), Figure 8.2.5.5.2(a), Table 8.2.5.5.2(b), and Figure 8.2.5.5.2(b). Obstruction A Elevation View FIGURE 8.2.3.4.2 Position of Sprinkler to Avoid Obstruc- tions to Discharge (Residential Upright and Pendent Spray Sprinklers). Ceiling" Obstruction 0 A A~(D-8in.)+B Wall [A~:(D-0.2m)+B] where: D5 30 in. (0.8 m) Elevation View FIGURE 8.2.5.4.3 Obstructions Against Walls (Residential Upright and Pendent Spray Sprinklers). 8.2.5.5.3 Asprinkler shall be installed on the other side of the obstruction. 8.2.5.6 Soffits. and Cabinets. Where soffits are used for the installation of sidewall sprinklers, the sprinklers and soffit.s shall be installed in accordance with 8.2.5.6.1, 8.2.5.6.2, or 8.2.5.6.3. 8.2.5.6.1 Where soffits exceed more than 8 in. (203 mm) in width or projection from the waif, sprinklers shall be installed under the soffit. 8.2.5.6.2 Sidewall sprinklers shall be permitted to he installed in the face of a soffit located directly over cabinets, without requiring additional sprinklers below the soffit or cabinets, where the soffit does not project horizontally more than 12 in. (305 mm) from the wall. 2007 Edition Obstruction Wall Elevation View FIGURE 8.2.5.5.2(a) Positioning of Sprinklers to Avoid Ob- structions (Residential Sidewall Sprinklers). SYSTEM DESIGN 13D-15 Table 8.2.5.5.2(a) Positioning of Sprinklers to Avoid Obstructions (Residential Sidewall Sprinklers) Maximum Allowable Distance from Sidewall Distance of Deflector Sprinkler to Side of Above Bottom of Obstruction (A) Obstruction (in.) (B) Less than 8 ft Not Allowed 8ftto less than loft 1 10 ft to less than lift 2 ilftto less than l2ft 3 12 ft to less than 13 ft 4 13 ft to less than 14 ft 6 14ftto less than 15 ft 7 15ftto less than 16 ft 9 16 ft to less than 17 ft 11 l7ftorgreater 14 For SI units, I in. = 25.4 mm; 1 ft = 0.3048 m. Note: For (A) and (B), refer to Figure 8.2.5.5.2(a). Table 8.2.5.5.2(b) Positioning of Sprinklers to Avoid Obstructions Along the Wall (Residential Sidewall Sprinklers) Maximum Allowable Distance from Sidewall Distance of Deflector Sprinkler to Side of Above Bottom of Obstruction (A) Obstruction (in.) (B) Less than 1ft6in. 0 1 ft 6 in. to less than 3 ft 1 3 ft to less than 4 ft 3 4 ft to less than 4 ft 6 in. 5 4 ft 6 in. to less than 6 ft 7 6ftto less than 6ft6in. 9 6ft6in. to less than 7 f 11 7ftto less than 7ft6in. 14 For SI units, I in. = 25.4 mm; 1 ft = 0.3048 m. Note: For (A) and (13), refer to Figure 8.2.5.5.2(b). Ceiling or roof Sidewall B sprinkler on wall Obstruction A Elevation View FIGURE 8.2.5.5.2(b) Positioning of Sprinklers to Avoid Ob- structions Along the Wall (Residential Sidewall Sprinklers). Dry pipe system and preaction systems in accordance with 8.3.4 Antifreeze system in accordance with 8.3.3 Listed standard dry-pendent or dry-sidewall sprinklers ex- tended from pipe in heated areas into unheated areas not intended for living purposes 8.3.3 Antifreeze Systems. 8.3.3.1* Conformity with Health Regulations. The use of anti- freeze solutions shall be in conformity with any state or local health regulations. 8.3.3.2' Antifreeze Solutions. 8.3.3.2.1 For the purposes of this standard, pure glycerine shall mean chemically pure or United States Pharmacopeia 96.5 percent grade. 8.3.3.2.2 Where sprinkler systems are supplied by public wa- ter connections, the use of antifreeze solutions other than wa- ter solutions of pure glycerine or propylene glycol shall not be permitted. 8.3.3.2.3 Percent solution by volume of glycerine-water and propylene glycol—water mixtures shall be in accordance with Table 8.3.3.2.3. 8.2.5.6.3 Where sidewall sprinklers are more than 3 ft (0.91 m) above the top of cabinets, the sprinkler shall be per- mitted to be installed on the wall above the cabinets where the cabinets are no greater than 12 in. (305 mm) from the wall. 8.3 System '1'pes. Systems shall be permitted to be wet pipe, dry pipe, or preaction. 8.3.1* Wet Pipe Systems. Awet pipe system shall be permitted to be used where all 'piping is installed in areas maintained above 40°F (4°C), including areas properly insulated to main- tain 40°F (40C). 8.3.2 Where system piping is located in areas not maintained above 40°F (4°C), the pipe shall be protected against freezing by use of one of the following methods: 2007 Edition ISM-11A INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE. AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES Table 8.3.3.2.3 Antifreeze Solutions to Be Used Where Public Water Is Connected to Sprinklers Solution Specific Freezing Point (by Gravity at 60F cc Material Volume) (15.6°C)* OF Glycerine 50% water 1.133 -15 -26.1 40% water 1.151 -22 -30.0 30% water 1.165 -40 -40.0 Propylene 70% water 1.027 +9 -12.8 glycol 60% water 1.034 -6 -21.1 50% water 1.041 -26 -32.2 40% water 1.045 -60 -51.1 * Measured with hydrometer having scale of 1.000 to 1.200. 8.3.3.2.4 Where public water is not connected to sprinklers, water solutions of glycerine, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol shall be permitted to be used in anti- freeze solutions. 8.3.3.2.5 Percent solution by volume of diethylene glycol- water and ethylene glycol-water shall be in accordance with Table 8.3.3.2.5. Table 8.3.3.2.5 Antifreeze Solutions to Be Used Where Public Water Is Not Connected to Sprinklers Solution Specific Gravity Freezing Point (by at 607 oc Material Volume) (15.6C)* OF Glycerine 50% water 1.133 -15 -26.1 40% water 1.151 -22 -30.0 30% water 1.165 -40 -40.0 Diethylene 50% water 1.078 -13 -25.0 glycol 45% water 1.081 -27 -32.8 40% water 1.086 -42 -41.1 Ethylene 61% water 1.056 -10 -23.3 glycol 56% water 1.063 -20 -28.9 51% water 1.069 -30 -34.4 47% water 1.073 -40 -40.0 Propylene 70% water 1.027 +9 -12.8 glycol 60% water 1.034 -6 -21.1 50% water 1.041 -26 -32.2 40% water 1.045 -60 -51.1 Measured with hydrometer having scale of 1.0000 to 1.120. 8.3.3.2.6* An antifreeze solution with a freezing point below the expected minimum temperature for the locality shall be installed. 8.3.3.2.7 The specific gravity of the antifreeze solution shall be checked by a hydrometer with a scale having 0.002 subdivisions. 8.3.3.3* Arrangement of Supply Piping and Valves. 8.3.3.3.1 Connections Between Antifreeze System and Wet Pipe System with No Backflow Prevention Device. 8.3.3.3.1.1 A 5 ft (1.5 m) drop pipe, or U-loop, shall be in- stalled in the connection between the antifreeze system and the wet pipe system as illustrated in Figure 8.3.3.3.1.1. Filling cup Water supply Water iin. mm) Drop Appro 5 ft indicating (1.5 m) valve minimum 2.2 Heated area Unheated area ' - 'i Check valve 4 - - ['M in. (0.8 mm) Pitch to hole in clapper] Drain drain Notes: Check valve shall be permitted to be omitted where sprinklers are below the level of valve A. The ha in. (0.8 mm) hole in the check valve clapper is needed to allow for expansion of the solution during a temperature rise, thus preventing damage to sprinklers. FIGURE 8.3.3.3.1.1 Arrangement of Supply Piping and Valves. 8.3.3.3.1.2 If sprinklers are above the level of the water supply to the antifreeze system, a chcck valve with a V32 in. (0.8 mm) hole in the clapper shall be provided in the U-loop. 8.3.3.3.1.3 Valves shall be provided as illustrated in Figure 8.3.3.3.1.1. 8.3.3.3.1.4 Arrangement of supply piping when the water supply comes from a storage tank or the water supply feeds through a check valve that does not have a /32 in. (0.8 mm) hole drilled in the clapper shall meet the requirements of 8.3.3.3.2.2. 8.3.3.3.2* Connections Between Antifreeze System and Wet Pipe System with Backfiow Prevention Device Installed. 8.3.3.3.2.1 Valves shall be provided as illustrated in Figure 8.3.3.3.2.1. 8.3.3.3.2.2 An expansion chamber shall be provided as illus- trated in Figure 8.3.3.3.2.1. 8.3.3.3.2.3 The expansion chamber shall be sized based on the minithum and maximum volume of the antifreeze solu- tion over the life of the system. 8.3.4 Dry Pipe and Preaction Systems. 8.3.4.1 Sprinklers. 8.3.4.1.1 Sprinklers shall be specifically listed for use on dry pipe and double interlock preaction systems. The following 2007 Edition 13D-16 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE-AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES Table 8.3.3.2.3 Antifreeze Solutions to Be Used Where Public Water Is Connected to Sprinklers Solution Specific Freezing Point (by Gravity at 60°F Material Volume) (15.6°C)* OF OC Glycerine 50% water 1.133 -15 -26.1 40% water 1.151 -22 -30.0 30% water 1.165 -40 -40.0 Propylene 70% water 1.027 +9 -12.8 glycol 60% water 1.034 -6 -21.1 50% water 1.041 -26 -32.2 40% water 1.045 -60 -51.1 " Measured with hydrometer having scale of 1.000 to 1.200. 8.3.3.351 Arrangement of Supply Piping and Valves. 8.3.3.3.1 Connections Between Antifreeze System and Wet Pipe System with No Backfiow Prevention Device. 8.3.3.3.1.1 AS ft (1.5 m) drop pipe, or U-loop, shall be in- stalled in the connection between the antifreeze system and the wet pipe system as illustrated in Figure 8.3.3.3.1.1. 112 in. (305 mm) Drop Appro 5 ft indicat (1.5 m) valve minimum 8.3.3.2.4 Where public water is not connected to sprinklers, water solutions of glycerine, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol shall be permitted to be used in anti- freeze solutions. 8.3.3.2.5 Percent solution by volume of diethylene glycol- water and ethylene glycol-water shall be in accordance with Table 8.3.3.2.5. Check valve [1/32 in. (0.8 mm) hole in clapper] Unheated area - Sc- -S-c- ,r cr, Pitch to Drain - Notes: 1. Check valve shall be permitted to be omitted where sprinklers are below the level of valve A. Table 8.3.3.2.5 Antifreeze Solutions to Be Used Where 2. The 1/32 in. (0.8 mm) hole in the check valve clapper is needed to Public Water Is Not Connected to Sprinklers allow for expansion of the solution during a temperature rise, thus preventing damage to sprinklers. Material Solution (by Volume) Specific Gravity at 60°F (15.6°C)* Freezing Point OF oc Glycerine 50% water 1.133 -15 -26.1 40% water 1.151 -22 -30.0 30% water 1.165 -40 -40.0 Diethylcne 50% water 1.078 -13 -25.0 glycol 45% water 1.081 -27 -32.8 40% water 1.086 -42 -41.1 Ethylene 61% water 1.056 -.10 -23.3 glycol 56% water 1.063 -20 -28.9 51% water 1.069 -30 -34.4 47% water 1.073 -40 -40.0 Propylene 70% water 1.027 +9 -12.8 glycol 60% water 1.034 -6 -21.1 50% water 1.041 -26 -32.2 40% water 1.045 -60 -51.1 * Measured with hydrometer having scale of 1.0000 to 1.120. 8.3.3.2.6* An antifreeze solution with a freezing point below the expected minimum temperature for the locality shall be installed. 8.3.3.2.7 The specific gravity of the antifreeze solution shall be checked by a hydrometer with a scale having 0.002 subdivisions. FIGURE 8.3.3.3.1.1 Arrangement of Supply Piping and Valves. 8.3.3.3.1.2 If sprinklers are above the level of the water supply to the antifreeze system, a check valve with a ¼s in. (0.8 mm) hole in the clapper shall be provided in the U-loop. 8.3.3.3.1.3 Valves shall be provided as illustrated in Figure 8.3.3.3.1.1. 8.3.3.3.1.4 Arrangement of supply piping when the water supply comes from a storage tank or the water supply feeds through a check valve that does not have a 1A2 in. (0.8 mm) hole drilled in the clapper shall meet the requirements of 8.3.3.3.2.2. 8.3.3.3.2" Connections Between Antifreeze System and Wet Pipe System with Backflow Prevention Device Installed. 8.3.3.3.2.1 Valves shall be provided as illustrated in Figure 8.3.3.3.2.1. 8.3.3.3.2.2 An expansion chamber shall be provided as illus- trated in Figure 8.3.3.3.2.1. 8.3.3.3.2.3 The expansion chamber shall be sized based on the minithum and maximum volume of the antifreeze solu- tion over the life of the system. 8.3.4 Dry Pipe and Preaclion Systems. 8.3.4.1 Sprinklers. 8.3.4.1.1 Sprinklers shall be specifically listed for use on dry pipe and double interlock preaction systems. The following 2007 Edition SYSTEM DESIGN 13D-17 Backf low preventer w/control valves Water supply Fill cup or Table 8.3.4.3.1 Water Delivery Time for Dry Pipe and filling connection Double Interlock Preaction Systems Number of Most Remote Sprinklers Maximum Time Hazard Initially Open of Water Delivery Residential 1 15 seconds Expansion chamber Drain valve Heated area Unheated area FIGURE 8.3.3.3.2.1 Arrangement of Supply Piping with Backflow Device. types of sprinklers and arrangements shall be permitted for dry pipe and preaction systems: Residential upright sprinklers. Residential dry sprinklers. Residential pendent and sidewall sprinklers installed on return bends, where the sprinklers, return bends, and branch line piping are in an area maintained at or above 40°F (4°C). Return bends shall be permitted to be omit- ted when using potable water supplies combined with corrosion-resistant pipe. Residential horizontal sidewall sprinklers, installed so that water is not trapped. 8.3.4.1.2 Sprinklers with nominal K-factors greater than 4.0 and less than 5.6 shall be permitted to be installed on dry pipe systems where piping is corrosion resistant or internally galvanized. 8.3.4.1.3 Sprinklers with nominal K-factors of 5.6 or greater shall be permitted to be installed on pipe complying with the requirements of Section 5.2. 8.3.4.2 Preaction Systems. Preaction systems shall be one of the following types: () A single interlock system, which admits water to sprinkler piping upon operation of detection devices A non-interlock system, which admits water to sprinkler piping upon operation of detection devices or automatic sprinklers A double interlock system, which admits water to sprin- kler piping upon operation of both detection devices and automatic sprinklers 8.3.4.3 Dry Pipe and Double Interlock Preaction System Wa- ter Delivery. 8.3.4.3.1 Water delivery shall be based on the hazard shown in Table 8.3.4.3.1. 8.3.4.3.2 Water delivery shall be based on one of the following: Calculation program and method that shall be listed by a nationally recognized laboratory An inspector's test connection providing a flow equivalent to the smallest orifice sprinkler utilized, wherein the test orifice is located on the end of the most distant sprinkler pipe 8.3.4.4 Location and Protection of Dry Pipe and Preaction Valves. The dry pipe valve, preaction valve, and supply pipe shall be protected against freezing and mechanical injury. 8.3.4.5* Detection Devices. 8.3.4.5.1 The detection system shall be designed to operate sooner than the first sprinkler. 8.3.4.5.2 Detectors shall be installed in all areas/compartments where sprinklers are installed. 8.3.4.6 System Configuration. Dry pipe systems and preaction systems of the type described in 8.3.4.2(3) shall not be gridded. 8.3.4.7 Drainage. Piping shall be pitched a minimum of '/i in. per 10 ft (6.4 mm per 3.05 m) to facilitate draining. 8.3.4.8 Auxiliary Drains. Auxiliary drains shall be provided where a change in piping direction prevents drainage of sys- tem piping through the drain valve on the system side of the control valve. At a minimum, auxiliary drains shall be a nipple and cap or plug not less than ½ in. (12.7 mm). 8.3.4.9 Air Supply. The system air pressure shall be main- tained by approved equipment. 8.4 Pipe Sizing. 8.4.1 The pipe sizes shall be verified for each of the single sprinkler and multiple sprinkler design discharge. 8.4.2 For specially listed piping products, friction loss for pipe and fittings shall be permitted to be calculated based on the manufacturer's data. 8.4.3 Minimum Pipe Size. 8.4.3.1 The minimum size of steel pipe shall be 1 in. (25.4 mm). 8.4.3.2 The minimum size of pipe other than steel pipe shall be 'Y4 in. (19 mm) unless smaller sizes are permitted by 8.4.3.3. 8.4.3.3 Along with listed special fittings, ½ in. (12.7 mm) nonmetallic pipe and ½ in. (12.7 mm) copper pipe shall be permitted to be used only in network systems under the follow- ing conditions: *Each sprinkler shall be supplied through a minimum of three separate paths from the supply manifold. Calculations shall clearly indicate the pipes that create the paths to each sprinkler. A water distribution pipe that supplies a sprinkler shall not terminate in a dead end. Hydraulic calculations shall be prepared for each sprin- kler flowing individually within the system and for each pair of sprinklers within the same compartment. The location of the most demanding single sprinkler and pair of sprinklers, including their pressure and flow requirements, shall be indicated on the plan review documents. 2007 Edition 13D-18 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES The system shall be hydraulically calculated in accor- dance with the provisions of NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, except that the friction loss straight through a fitting shall be included. The method of joining the pipe to fittings or to other pipe shall be in accordance with the applicable plumb- ing code. A maximum of one insert tee shall be permitted in each pipe section between sprinklers to serve only domestic fixtures. When insert fittings are installed, each sprinkler shall have four separate paths from the water supply. The piping supplying only plumbing fixtures shall be in accordance with the applicable plumbing code. 8.4.4* Pipe shall be sized by hydraulic calculations in accor- dance with the methods described in NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation ojSprmnkler Systems, in accordance with 8.4.5, or in accordance with the following general method for straight- run systems connected to a city water main of at least 4 in. (102 mm) in diameter (see Table 8.4.4(a) through Table 8.4.4(g)]- (1) The system flow rate shall be established.in accordance with Section 8.1, and it shall be determined that the flow allowed by the water meter is adequate to supply the sys- tem demand and that the total demand flow does not exceed the maximum flow allowed by the piping system components. (2) The water pressure in the street shall be determined. (3) Pipe sizes shall be selected. (4) Meter pressure losses, if any, shall be deducted. [See Table 8.4. 4(g]] Higher pressure losses specified by the manu- facturer shall be used in place of those specified in Table 8.4.4(g). Lower pressure losses shall be permitted to be used where supporting data are provided by the meter manufacturer. (5) Pressure loss for elevation shall be deducted as follows: Building height above street (in ft) x 0.434 = pres- sure loss (in psi) Building height above street (in m) x 0.098 = pres- sure loss (in bar) - (6) Pressure losses from the city main to the inside control valve shall he deducted by multiplying the factor from Table 8.4.4(a) or Table 8.4.4(b) by the total length(s) of pipe in feet (meters). [The total length includes equivalent length of -fittings as determined by applying Table 8.4.4(c), Table 8.4.4(d), Table 8.4.4(e), or Table 8.4.4(f).] (7) Pressure losses for piping within the building shall be deducted by multiplying the factor from Table 8.4.4(a) or Table 8.4.4(b) by the total length in feet (meters) of each size of pipe between the control valve and the far- thest sprinkler. (8) Valve and fitting pressure losses shall be deducted. The valves and fittings from the control valve to the farthest sprinkler shall be counted. The equivalent length for each valve and fitting as shown in Table 8.4.4(c), Table 8.4.4(d), Table 8.4.4(e), or Table 8.4.4(f) shall be deter- mined and the values added to obtain the total equiva- lent length for each pipe size. The equivalent length for each size shall be multiplied by the factor from Table 8.4.4(a) or Table 8.4.4(b) and the values totaled. (9) In multilevel buildings, the steps in 8.4.4(1) through 8.4.4 (8) shall be repeated to size piping for each floor. If the remaining pressure is less than the operating pres- sure established by the testing laboratory for the sprin- kler being used, the sprinkler system shall be rede- signed. If the remaining pressure is higher than required, smaller piping shall be permitted to be used where justified by calculations. The remaining piping shall be sized the same as the pip- ing up to and including the farthest sprinkler unless smaller pipe sizes are justified by calculations. 8.4.5 Smaller pipe sizes than those determined by 8.4.4 shall be permitted where justified by calculations for systems connected to city water mains of at least 4 in. (102 mm) in diameter. 8.4.6 To size piping for systems with an elevated tank, pump, or pump—tank combination, the pressure at the water supply outlet shall be determined and the steps in 8.4.4(3), (4), (7), (8), (9), (10), and (11) shall be followed. 8.4.7 Hydraulic calculation procedures in accordance with NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Spri nkler Systems, shall be used for grid-type systems. 8.4.8 Hydraulic calculation procedures in accordance with NFPA 13, Standard fir the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, shall be used for looped-type systems. 8.4.9 Hydraulic calculation procedures in accordance with NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, shall be used for systems connected to city water mains of less than 4 in. (100 mm) in diameter. 8.5 Piping Configurations. 8.5.1 The piping configuration shall be permitted to be looped. 8.5.2 The piping configuration shall be permitted to be grid- ded. 8.5.3 The piping configuration shall be permitted to be straight run. 8.5.4 The piping configuration shall be permitted to be a combination of the configurations permitted in 8.5.1 through 8.5.3. 8.6 Location of Sprinklers. 8.6.1 Sprinklers shall be installed in all areas except where omission is permitted by 8.6.2 through 8.6.7. 8.6.2 Sprinklers shall not be required in bathrooms of 55 ft2 (5.1 m2) and less. 8.6.3 Sprinklers shall not be required in clothes closets, linen closets, and pantries that meet all of the -following conditions: The area ofthe space does not exceed 24 ft2 (2.2 m2). The least dimension does not exceed 3 ft (0.9 m). The walls and ceilings are surfaced with noncombustible or limited-combustible materials as defined in NFPA 220, Standard on ljipes of Building Construction. 8.6.4* Sprinklers shall not be required in garages, open at- tached porches, carports, and similar structures. 8.6.5 Sprinklers shall not be required in attics, penthouse equipment rooms, elevator machine rooms, concealed spaces dedicated exclusively to and containing only dwelling unit venti- lation equipment, floor/ceiling spaces, elevator shafts, crawl spaces, and other concealed spaces that are not used or intended for living purposes and do not contain fuel-fired equipment. 2007 Edition 13D-.18 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES The system shall be hydraulically calculated in accor- dance with the provisions of NFPA 13, Standard for the Installaiwn of Sprinkler Systems, except that the friction loss straight through a fitting shall be included. The method of joining the pipe to fittings or to other pipe shall he in accordance with the applicable plumb- ing code. A maximum of one inset tee shall be permitted in each pipe section between sprinklers to serve only domestic fixtures. When insert fittings are installed, each sprinkler shall have four separate paths from the water supply. The piping supplying only plumbing fixtures shall be in accordance with the applicable plumbing code. 8.4.4* Pipe shall he sized by hydraulic calculations in accor- dance with the methods described in NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation o/ Sprznkler Systems, in accordance with 8.4.5, or in accordance with the following general method for straight- run systems connected to a city water main of at least 4 in. (11)2 mm) in diameter [see Table 8.4.4(a) through Table 8.4.4(g)]: (1) The system flow rate shall be established in accordance with Section 8.1, and it shall be determined that the flow allowed by the water meter is adequate to supply the sys- tem demand and that the total demand flow does not exceed the maximum flow allowed by, the piping system components. (2) The water pressure in the street shall be determined. (3) Pipe sizes shall be selected. (4) Meter pressure losses, if any, shall be deducted. [See Table 8.4.4(g)]J Higher pressure losses specified by the manu- täcturer shall he used in place of those specified in Table 8.4.4(g). Lower pressure losses shall be permitted' to be used where supporting data are provided by the meter manufacturer. (5) Pressure loss for elevation shall be deducted as follows: Building height above street (in ft) x 0.434 = pres- sure loss (in psi) Building height above street (in m) x 0.098 = pres- sure loss (in bar) (6) Pressure losses from the city main to the inside control valve shall be deducted by multiplying the factor from Table 8.4.4(a) or Table 8.4.4(b) by the total length(s) of pipe in feet (meters). [The total length includes equivalent length of fittings as determined by applying Table 8.4.4(c), Table 8.4.4(d), Table 8.4.4(e), or Table 8.4.4(f).] (7) Pressure losses for piping within the building shall be deducted by multiplying the factor from Table 8.4.4(a) or Table 8.4.4(b) by the total length in feet (meters) of each size of pipe between the control, valve and the far- thest sprinkler. (8) Valve and fitting pressure losses shall be deducted. The valves and fittings from the control valve to the farthest sprinkler shall he counted. The equivalent length for each valve and fitting as shown in Table 8.4.4(c), Table 8.4.4(d), Table 8.4.4(e), or Table 8.4.4(f) shall be deter- mined and the values added to obtain the total equiva- lent length for each pipe size. The equivalent length for each size shall he multiplied by the factor from Table 8.4.4(a) or Table 8.4.4(b) and the values totaled. (9) In multilevel buildings, the steps in 8.4.4(1) through 8.4.4(8) shall be repeated to size piping for each floor. if the remaining pressure is less than the operating pres- sure established by the testing laboratory for the sprin- kler being used, the sprinkler system shall be rede- signed. if the remaining pressure is higher than required, smaller piping shall be permitted to be used where-justified by calculations. The remaining piping shall be sized the same as the pip- ing up to and including the farthest sprinkler unless smaller pipe sizes are justified by calculations. 8.4.5 Smaller pipe sizes than those determined by 8.4.4 shall be permitted where justified by calculations for systems connected to city water mains of at least 4 in. (102 mum) in diameter. 8.4.6 To size piping for systems with an elevated tank, pump, or pump—tank combination, the pressure at the water supply outlet shall be determined and the steps in 8.4.4(3), (4), (7), - (8), (9), (10), and (Ii) shall be followed. 8.4.7 Hydraulic calculation procedures in accordance with NFPA 13, Standard for the installation ofSpnnklerSystenis, shall be used lbr grid-type systems. 8.4.8 Hydraulic calculation procedures in accordance with NFPA 13, Stand ard fir the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, shall be used for looped-type systems. 8.4.9 Hydraulic calculation procedures in accordance with NFPA 13, Standard jirrthe Installation of Sp7inkler Systems, shall be used for systems connected to city water mains of less than 4 in. (100 mm) in diameter. 8.5 Piping Configurations. 8.5.1 The piping configuration shall be permitted to be looped. 8.5.2 The piping configuration shall be permitted to be grid- ded. 8.5.3 The piping configuration shall be permitted to be straight run. 8.5.4 The piping configuration shall be permitted to be a combination of the configurations permitted in 8.5.1 through 8.5.3. 8.6 Location of Sprinklers. 8.6.1 Sprinklers shall he installed in all areas except where omission is permitted by 8.6.2 through 8.6.7. 8.6.2 Sprinklers shall not be required in bathrooms of 55 ft2 (5.] in2) and less. 8.6.3 Sprinklers shall not be required in clothes closets, linen closets, and pantries that meet all of the following conditions: The area of the space does not exceed 24 ft2 (2.2 m2). The least: dimension does not exceed 3 ft (0.9 m). The walls and ceilings are surfaced with noncombustible or limited-combustible materials as defined in NFPA 220, Standard on Types of Building Construction. 8.6.4* Sprinklers shall not be required in garages, open at- tached porches, carports, and similar structures. 8.6.5 Sprinklers shall not he required in attics, penthouse equipment rooms, elevator machine rooms, concealed spaces dedicated exclusively to and containing only dwelling unit venti- lation equipment, 'floor/ceiling spaces, elevator shafts, crawl spaces, and other concealed spaces that are not used or intended fhr living purposes and do not contain fuel-fired equipment.. 2007 Edition SYSTEM DESIGN 13D-19 Table 8.4.4(a) Pressure Losses in psi/ft for Schedule 40 Steel Pipe (C = 120) Flow Rate (gpm) Pipe Size (in.) 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 1 0.04 0.05 0.07 009 0.11 0.13 0.20 0.28 0.37 0.47 0.58 0.71 11/4 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.12 0.15 0.19 1½ 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.09 2 - - - - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 For SI units, 1 gal = 3.785 L; 1 psi = 0.0689 bar; I in. = 25.4 mm; 1 ft = 0.3048 m. Table 8.4.4(b) Pressure Losses in psi/ft for Copper Tubing - Types K, L, and M (C = 150) Flow Rate (gpm) Tubing Size (in.) Type 10 12 14 16 18 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 ~ M 0.08 0.12 0.16 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.46 0.64 0.85 .- - - L 0.10 0.14 0.18 0.23 0.29 0.35 0.53 0.75 1.00 - - - K 0.13 0.18 0.24 0.30 0.38 0.46 0.69 0.97 1.28 - - - 1 M 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.08 0.13 0.18 0.24 0.30 0.38 0.46 L 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.08 0.10 0.15 0.20 0.27 0.35 0.43 0.53 K 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.07 0.09 0.11 0.17 0.24 0.31 0.40 0.50 0.61 11/4 M 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.09 0.11 0.15 0.17 L 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.03 0.05 0.07 0.10 0.12 0.16 0.19 K 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.06 0.08 0.11 0.13 0.17 0.20 1½ M -. 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.06 0.08 L - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.03 0.04 0.05 0.07 0.08 K - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 0.03 0.05 0.06 0.07 0.09 2 M - - - - - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 L - - - - - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 K - - - - - - 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.01 0.02 0.02 For SI units, 1 gal = 3.785 L; 1 psi = 0.0689 bar; 1 in. = 25.4 mm; 1 ft = 0.3048 m. Table 8.4.4(c) Equivalent Length of Fittings and Valves for Schedule 40 Steel Pipe, in Feet Tee or Cross Globe 90 Long- (flow "Y" Diameter 45 Degree Degree Radius turned 90 Tee Gate Angle Globe Pattern Cock Check (in.) Elbows Elbows Elbows degrees) Run. Valve Valve Valve Valve Valve Valve 1 1 2 2 5 2 0 12 28 15 4 5 11/4 1 3 2 6 2 0 15 35 18 5 7 11/2 2 4 2 8 . 3 0 18 43 22 6 9 2 2 5 3 10 3 1 24 57 28 7 11 For SI units, I in. = 25.4 mm; 1 ft = 0.3048 m 2007 Edition 130-20 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE. AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES Table 8.4.4(d) Equivalent Length of Fittings and Valves for 1pe K Copper Tube, in Feet Tee or Cross Globe 90 Long- (flow "Y" Diameter 45 Degree Degree Radius turned 90 Gate Angle Globe Pattern Cock Check (in.) Elbows Elbows Elbows degrees) Tee Run Valve Valve Valve Valve Valve Valve 3/4 0 1 0 3 1 0 7 14 7 2 0 1 1 2 2 6 2 0 14 33 18 5 6 1¼ 1 3 2 5 2 0 14 32 16 5 6 1½ 2 4 2 8 3 0 18 43 22 6 9 2 2 6 3 12 4 1 28 66 33 8 13 For SI units, 1 in. = 25.4 mm; 1 ft = 0.3048 m. Table 8.4.4(e) Equivalent Length of Fittings and Valves for Type L Copier Tube, in Feet Tee or Globe 90 Long- Cross (flow 441f P Diameter 45 Degree Degree Radius turned 90 Gate Angle Globe Pattern Cock Check (in.) Elbows Elbows Elbows degrees) Tee Run Valve Valve Valve Valve Valve Valve 3/4 0 2 0 4 1 0 8 18 10 3 0 1 1 3 3 7 2 0 16 38 20 5 7 11./4 1 3 2 6 2 0 15 35 18 5 7 1½ 2 4 2 9 3 0 20 47 24 7 10 2 2 6 4 12 4 1 30 71 35 9 14 For SI units, 1 in. = 25.4 mm; 1 ft = 0.3048 in. Table 8.4.4(f) Equivalent Length of Fittings and Valves for 'l)pe M Copper Tube, in Feet Tee or Globe 90 Long- Cross (flow Diameter 45 Degree Degree Radius turned 90 Gate Angle Globe Pattern Cock Check (in.) Elbows Elbows Elbows degrees) Tee Run Valve Valve Valve Valve Valve Valve 3/4 0 2 0 4 1 0 10 21 11 3 0 1 2 3 3 8 3 0 19 43 23 6 8 11/4 1 3 2 7 2 0 16 38 20 5 8 11/2 2 5 2 9 3 0 21 50 26 7 11 2 3 7 4 13 5 1 32 75 37 9 14 For SI units, 1 in. = 25.4 mm; 1 ft = 0.3048 m. Table 8.4.4(g) Pressure Losses in psi in Water Meters Flow (gpm) Meter Size (in.) 18 23 26 31 39 52 % 9 14 18 26 * 3/4 4 8 9 13 * 1 2 3 3 4 6 10 11/2 t 1 2 2 4 7 2 t t 1 2 3 For SI units, 1 gpm = 3.785 L/tnin; I in. = 25.4 mm; 1 psi = 0.0689 bar. Above maximum rated flow of commonly available meters. Less than I psi (0.689 bar). 2007 Edition 13D-20 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE-AND PNO-FAMILYDWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES Table 8.4.4(d) Equivalent Length of Fittings and Valves for I'pe K Copper Tube, in Feet Tee or Cross Globe 90 Long- (flow "Y" Diameter 45 Degree Degree Radius turned 90 Gate Angle Globe Pattern Cock Check (in.) Elbows Elbows Elbows degrees) Tee Run Valve Valve Valve Valve Valve Valve 3/4 0 1 0 3 1 0 7 14 7 2 0 1 1 2 2 6 2 0 14 33 18 5 6 1¼ :1 3 2 5 2 0 14 32 16 5 6 1½ 2 4 2 8 3 0 18 43 22 6 9 2 2 6 3 12 4 1 28 66 33 8 13 For SI units. I in. = 25.4 mm; 1 ft = 0.3048 in. Table 8.4.4(e) Equivalent Length of Fittings and Valves for '1'pe L Copper Tube, in Feet Tee or Globe 90 Long- Cross (flow Diameter 45 Degree Degree Radius turned 90 Gate Angle Globe Pattern Cock Check (in.) Elbows Elbows Elbows degrees) Tee Run Valve Valve Valve Valve Valve Valve 3/4 0 2 0 4 1 0 8 18 10 3 0 1 1 3 3 7 2 0 16 38 20 5 7 1¼ 1 3 2 6 2 0 15 35 18 5 7 1112 2 4 2 9 3 0 20 47 24 7 10 2 2 6 4 12 4 1 30 71 35 9 14 For SI units, I in. = 25.4 mm; 1 ft = 0.3048 in. Table 8.4.4(f) Equivalent Length of Fittings and Valves for Type M Copper Tube, in Feet Tee or Globe 90 Long- Cross (flow Diameter 45 Degree Degree Radius turned 90 Gate Angle Globe Pattern Cock Check (in.) Elbows Elbows Elbows degrees) Tee Run Valve Valve Valve Valve Valve Valve 3/4 0 2 0 4 1 0 10 21 11 3 0 1. 2 3 3 8 3 0 19 43 23 6 8 11/4 1 3 2 7 2 0 16 38 20 5 8 11/2 2 5 2 9 3 0 21 50 26 7 11 2 3 7 4 . 13 5 1 32 75 37 9 14 For SI units, I in. = 25.4 mm; 1 ft = 0.3048 in. Table 8.4.4(g) Pressure Losses in psi in Water Meters Meter Size (in.) Flow (gpm) 18 23 26 31 39 52 % 9 14 18 26 3/4 4 8 9 13 * 1 2 3 3 4 6 10 11/2 t 1 2 2 4 7 2 tt 1 2 3 For SI units, 1 gpm = 3.785 L/inin; 1 in. = 25.4 mm; 1 psi = 0.0689 bar * Above maximum rated flow of commonly available meters. Less than 1 psi (0.689 bar). 2007 Edition ANNEX A 13D-21 8.6.6 Sprinklers shall not be required in covered unheated projections of the building at entrances/exits as long as there is another means of egress from the dwelling unit. 8.6.7 Sprinklers shall not be required for ceiling pockets that meet the following conditions: The total volume of unprotected ceiling pocket does not exceed 100 W (2.83 mS). The entire floor under the unprotected ceiling pocket is protected by the sprinklers at the lower ceiling elevation. Each unprotected ceiling pocket is separated from any adjacent unprotected ceiling pocket by a minimum 10 ft (3.05 m) horizontal distance. The interior finish of the unprotected ceiling pocket is noncombustible or limited-combustible material. Skylights not exceeding 32 ft2 (2.97 rn2) shall be permit- ted to have a plastic cover. Annex A Explanatory Material Annex A is not apart of the requirements of this NFPA document but is included for informational purposes only. This annex contains explanatory material, numbered to correspond with the applicable text paragraphs. A.1.1 NFPA 13D is appropriate for protection against fire haz- ards only in one- and two-family dwellings and manufactured homes. Residential portions of any other type of building or occupancy should be protected with residential sprinklers in accordance with NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprin- kler Systems, or in accordance with NFPA 13R, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in Residential Occupancies up to and Including Four Stories in Height. Other portions of such buildings should be protected in accordance with NFPA 13 or NFPA 13R as appropriate for areas outside the dwelling unit. The criteria in this standard are based on full-scale fire tests of rooms containing typical furnishings found in residential living rooms, kitchens, and bedrooms. The furnishings were arranged as typically found in dwelling units in a manner similar to that shown in Figure A.1.1(a), Figure A.1.1 (b), and Figure A.1.1 (c). Sixty full-scale fire tests were conducted in a two-story dwelling in Los Angeles, California, and 16 tests were conducted in a 14 ft (4.3 in) wide mobile home in Charlotte, North Carolina. Sprinkler systems designed and installed according to this standard are expected to prevent flashover within the com- partment of origin where sprinklers are installed in the com- partment. A sprinkler system designed and installed according to this standard cannot, however, be expected to completely control a fire involving fuel loads that are significantly higher than average for dwelling units [10 lb/ft' (49 kg/m')] and where the interior finish has an unusually high flame spread index (greater than 225). (For pmtection of multifamily dwellings, see 1VF1M 13 or NFPA 13R.) A.1.2 Various levels of fire safety are available to dwelling oc- cupants to provide life safety and property protection. This standard recommends, but does not require, sprinkler- ing of all areas in a dwelling; it permits sprinklers to be omitted in certain areas. These areas have been proved by NFPAstatistics [see TableA.1.2(a) and TableA.1.2(b)] to be those where the incidence of life loss from fires in dwellings is low. Such an approach pro- vides a reasonable degree of fire safety. Greater protection to both life and property is achieved by sprinklering all areas. Guidance for the installation of smoke detectors and fire detection systems is found in NFPA 72, National FireAlarm code. 147 in. (3734 mm) I 341/2 in. (876 mm) 90 in. (2286 mm) I 20 in. (508 mm) I i Curtains over window f- 50 in.--L_..._J N (1270 mm) 66½ in. (1689 mm) CH Observation window I 72 in. _______ 20 in. (1829 mm) (508mr T' 71 in. (1803 mm) 54 in. (1372 mm) B Door (closed) 6½ in. (165 mm) 16 in. 30 in. (406 mm) (762 mm) C . 55 in. (1397 mm) I 25.4 mm) F N,L k 144 in. I Headboard (3658 mm) I 57 in.(1448 mm) I x7½1n.(lgomm) I * Ignition D Dresser B Bed S' Sprinkler CH Chest N Nightstand CW Curtains C Chair L Lamp HGUREAi.l(a) Bedroom. 2007 Edition 13D-22 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES 20 in. (508 mm) 51 in. (1295 mm) 1 in. (25.4 mm) 42 in. (1067 mm) 221h in. 341h in. (571 mm) (876 mm) N 147 in. (3734 90 in. (2286 mm) Window (closed) —3 in. (76 mm) 1051h in. (2680 mm) CW D II D C 8 in. —H }.*.. 13 in. - / (203 mm) (330 mm) 4 72 in. — .2 (1829 mm) Ip_- 52~ in. (1340 mm) I 6 in. B oI (152 2 mm) Door i (closed) 16 in. 301n. 20 in. (406 mm) (762 mm) (508 mm) * Ignition D Dresser ' Sprinkler C Chair CW Curtains B Bed FIGURE A.1.1(b) Manufactured Home Bedroom. 8in. 6 in. (152mm) (203 mm) I .1. I Un. 34½ in.33½i (876 mm)0 (851 mm) I '-1 in. (25.4 mm) 2 mm) 72 i (1829 4) CW 54 in. C (1372 70 in. 90 in. (1.8 m (2286 mm) \ ) Window area CW 22½ in. (571 mm) S Sofa C Chair E End table CW Curtains L Lamp 'c' Sprinkler FIGURE A.1.1(c) Living Room. A.1.5.1 For additional conversions and information, see IEEE/ASTM SI—b, Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System. A.1.5.4 A given equivalent value is considered to be ap- proximate. A.3.2.1 Approved. The National Fire Protection Association does not approve, inspect, or certify any installations, proce- dures, equipment, or materials; nor does it approve or evalu- ate testing laboratories. In determining the acceptability of installations, procedures, equipment, or materials, the author- ity having jurisdiction may base acceptance on compliance with NFPA or other appropriate standards. In the absence of such standards, said authority may require evidence of proper installation, procedure, or use. The authority having jurisdic- don may also refer to the listings or labeling practices of an organization that is concerned with product evaluations and is thus in a position to determine compliance with appropriate standards for the current production of listed items. A.3.2.2 Authority Having Jurisdiction (MIJ). The phrase "au- thority having jurisdiction," or its acronym AHJ, is used in NFPA documents in a broad manner, since jurisdictions and approval agencies vary, as do their responsibilities. Where pub- lic safety is primary, the authority having jurisdiction may be a federal, state, local, or other regional department or indi- vidual such as a fire chief; fire marshal; chief of a fire preven- tion bureau, labor department, or health department; build- ing official; electrical inspector; or others having statutory authority. For insurance purposes, an insurance inspection de- partment, rating bureau, or other insurance company repre- sentative may be the authority having jurisdiction. In many circumstances, the property owner or his or her designated agent assumes the role of the authority having jurisdiction; at government installations, the commanding officer or depart- mental official may be the authority havingjurisdiction. 2007 Edition 8in. 6 in. (152mm) (203 mm) I I 34½ in. (876 mm) 90 in. (2286 mm) 22½ in. (571 mm) CW ½ in J 1 in. (25.4mm) 54 in. (1372 mm) 72 in. (1829 mm) 70 in. 1.8 m) area 13D-.22 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES 221h in. 341/2 in. I (571 mm) (876 mm) N 147 in. (3734 mm) / I' 90 in. (2286 mm) 1 ( Window (closed) 20 in. (508 mm) 51 in. (1295 mm) un. (25.4 mm) t 42 in. (1067 mm) 1 • CW I D C '\ .8 in. I.*-l3in.- / (203 mm) I I (330 mm) 72 in.— ___ (1829 mm) .2 C hr—... 52%1ni (1340 mm) l 61n. B o•I Door (152 mm) (closed) , I in. (76 mm) 1051h in. (2680 mm) 16 in. 30 in. (406 mm) (762 mm) * Ignition D Dresser Sprinkler C Chair CW Curtains B Bed FIGURE A.1.1(b) Manufactured Home Bedroom. S Sofa C Chair E End table CW Curtains L Lamp '' Sprinkler FIGURE A.1.1(c) Living Room. 20 in. (508 mm) A.1.5.1 For additional conversions and information, see IEEE/ASTM SI—b, Standard for Use of the international System of Units (SI): The Modern Metric S,stern. A.1.5.4 A given equivalent value is considered to be ap- proximate. A.3.2.1 Approved. The National Fire Protection Association does not approve, inspect, or certify any installations, proce- dures, equipment, or materials; nor does it approve or evalu- ate testing laboratories. In determining the acceptability of installations, procedures, equipment, or materials, the author- ity having jurisdiction may base acceptance on compliance with NFPA or other appropriate standards. In the absence of such standards, said authority may require evidence of proper installation, procedure, or use. The authority having jurisdic- tion may also refer to the listings or labeling practices of an organization that is concerned with product evaluations and is thus in a position to determine compliance with appropriate standards for the current production of listed items. A.3.2.2 Authority HavingJurisdiction (AHJ). The phrase "au- thority having jurisdiction," or its acronym AHJ, is used in NFPA documents in a broad manner, since jurisdictions and approval agencies vary, as do their responsibilities. Where pub- lic safety is primary, the authority havingjurisdiction may be a federal, state, local, or other regional department or indi- vidual such as a fire chief; Fire marshal; chief of a fire preven- tion bureau, labor department, or health department; build- ing official; electrical inspector; or others having statutory authority. For insurance purposes, an insurance inspection de- partment, rating bureau, or other insurance company repre- sentative may be the authority having jurisdiction. In many circumstances, the property owner or his or her designated agent assumes the role of the authority having jurisdiction; at government installations, the commanding officer or depart- mental official may be the authority having jurisdiction. 2007 Edition ANNEX A 13D-23 Table A.1.2(a) Causal Factors in One- and Two-Family Dwelling Fires That Caused One or More Deaths Area of Origin Percent Occurence' Living room 41% Bedroom 27% Kitchen 15% Storage area 4% Heating equipment room 3% Structural area 2% Other areas 8% Form of Materials Ignited Percent 0ccurence2 Furniture 27% Bedding 18% Combustible liquid or gas 13% Interior finish 9% Structural member 9% Waste, rubbish 4% Clothing (on a person) 3% Cooking materials 3% Electrical insulation 2% Curtains, draperies 2% Other 10% Form of Heat of Ignition Percent 0ccurence3 Smoking materials 36% Heat from fuel-fire or powered object 25% Heat from miscellaneous open flame 15% (including match) Heat from electrical equipment arcing 14% or overload Hot objects, including properly 7% operating electrical equipment Other 3% Note: Total number of incidents reported: 10,194. Based on 6066 incidents where area of origin was reported. 2 Based on 5080 incidents where form of material ignited was re- ported. Based on 5016 incidents where form of heat of ignition was reported. (Sounv: FIDO Database 1973 to 1982, NFPA Fire Analysis Department.) A.3.2.4 Listed. The means for identifying listed equipment may vary for each organization concerned with product evalu- ation; some organizations do not recognize equipment as listed unless it is also labeled. The authority having jurisdic- tion should utilize the system employed by the listing organi- zation to identify a listed product. A.3.3.5 Manufactured Home. Manufactured homes were for- merly referred to as "mobile homes" or "trailer coaches." A.3.3.9.3 Multipurpose Piping System. Examples of multipur- pose piping systems are shown in Figure A.3.3.9.3 (a), Figure A.3.3.9.3 (b), and Figure A.3.3.9.3 (c). A.3.3.9.4 Network System. A network system is a type of mul- tipurpose system that often uses ½ in. piping to serve both domestic and fire protection needs, providing an equivalent level of suppression capability as larger piping systems. To ac- complish this protection, each sprinkler is supplied by water flowing to it from at least three separate paths. An example of a network system is shown in Figure A.3.3.9.4. A.3.3.10.2 Control Valve. System control valves should be of the indicating type, such as plug valves, ball valves, butterfly valves, or OS&Y gate valves. A.4.2.1 The responsibility for properly maintaining a sprin- kler system is that of the owner or manager, who should un- derstand the sprinkler system operation. A minimum monthly maintenance program should include the following: Visual inspection of all sprinklers to ensure against ob- struction of spray. Inspection of all valves to ensure that they are open. Testing of all waterfiow devices. Testing of the alarm system, where installed. Note that where it appears likely that the test will result in a fire department response, notification to the fire department should be made prior to the test. Operation of pumps, where employed. (See NFPA 20, Stan- dard for the Installation of Stationaiy PumpsforFireProtection.) Checking of the pressure of air used with dry systems. Checking of water level in tanks. Special attention to ensure that sprinklers are not painted either at the time of installation or during subsequent redecoration. When sprinkler piping or areas next to sprinklers are being painted, the sprinklers should be protected by covering them with a bag, which should be removed immediately after painting is finished. (For further information, see NFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection, Testing and Maintenance of Water Based Fire Protection Systems.) A.4.2.4 Tests should be made by drawing a sample of the solution from valve B, as shown in Figure 8.3.3.3.1.1, two or three times during the freezing season, especially if it has been necessary to drain the building sprinkler system for reasons such as repairs or changes. A small hydrometer should be used so that a small sample is sufficient. Where water appears at valve B or where the test sample indicates that the solution has become weakened, the entire system should be emptied and then recharged as previously described. £4.3 Testing of a system can be accomplished by filling the system with water and checking visually for leakage at each joint or coupling. Fire department connections are not required for systems covered by this standard but can be installed at the discretion of the owner. In these cases, hydrostatic tests in accordance with NFPA 13, Standardfor the Installation of SprinklerSystems, are necessary. Dry systems also should be tested by placing the system under air pressure. Any leak that results in a drop in system pressure greater than 2 psi (0.14 bar) in 24 hours should be corrected. Leaks should be identified using soapy water brushed on each joint or coupling. The presence of bubbles indicates a leak. This test should be made prior to concealing the piping. £4.8 A scaled drawing where required should show the following: Address (if known) Size and type of domestic line, including length to city connection Water meter size Current static water pressure Interior walls Model, manufacturer, temperature, orifice size, and spac- ing requirements of sprinklers Type of pipe Hanger spacing requirement per the pipe manufacturer 2007 Edition 13D-24 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES Table A. 1.2(b) Fires and Associated Deaths and Injuries in Dwellings, Duplexes, and Manufactured Homes by Area of Origin: Annual Average of 1986-1990 Structure Fires Reported to U.S. Fire Departments Area of Origin Civilian Deaths Civilian Percent Fires Percent Injuries Percent Living room, family room, or den 1,330 37.1 42,600 10.5 2,546 18.6 Bedroom 919 25.6 50,200 12.4 3,250 23.7 Kitchen 541 15.1 92,670 22.9 3,987 29.1 Dining room 83 2.3 3,780 0.9 189 1.4 Heating equipment room or area 62 1.7 15,130 3.7 374 2.7 Hallway or corridor 48 1.3 3,690 0.9 155 1.1 Laundry room or area 47 1.3 15,370 3.8 363 2.7 Garage or carport* 45 1.2 14,580 3.6 524 3.8 Bathroom 44 1.2 8,040 2.0 271 2.0 Unclassified structural area 43 1.2 4,530 1.1 104 0.8 Crawl space or substructure space 41- 1.2 11,200 2.8 317 2.3 Multiple areas 41 1.1 3,350 0.8 96 0.7 Ceiling/floor assembly or concealed 32 0.9 3,470 0.9 64 0.5 space Wall assembly or concealed space 27 0.8 7,090 1.8 93 0.7 Closet 23 0.6 5,020 1.2 186 1.4 Exterior balcony or open porch 22 0.6 5,570 1.4 121 0.9 Exterior wall surface 22 0.6 14,620 3.6 118 0.9 Unclassified area 21 0.6 2,590 0.6 87 0.6 Attic or ceiling/roof assembly or 21 0.6 10,740 2.7 98 0.7 concealed space Tool room or other supply storage 20 0.5 4,160 1.0 133 1.0 room or area Lobby or entrance way 17 0.5 1,410 - 0.3 44 0.3 Interior stairway 17 0.5 1,100 0.3 41 0.3 Chimney 17 0.5 60,530 14.9 75 0.5 Unclassified function area 17 0.5 1,090 0.3 43 0.3 Unclassified storage area 14 0.4 2,460 0.6 80 0.6 Area not applicable 11 0.3 1,180 0.3 22 0.2 Exterior stairway 8 0.2 1,090 0.3 25 0.2 Lawn or field 7 0.2 1,670 0.4 24 0.2 Trash room orarea 5 0.1 1,140 0.3 14 0.1 Product storage area 5 0.1 780 0.2 23 0.2 Unclassified means of egress 5 0.1 610 0.2 15 0.1 Unclassified service or equipment 4 0.1 380 0.1 12 0.1 area Library 3 0.1 180 0.0 11 0.0 Other known area 26 0.7 12,880 3.2 195 1.4 Total 3,589 100.0 404,900 100.0 13,691 100.0 Note: Fires are estimated to the nearest 10; civilian deaths and injuries are estimated to the nearest 1. Does not include dwelling garages coded as a separate proper', which averaged 19 deaths, 259 injuries, and 21,170 fires per year. (Source: 1986-1990 NFIRS and NFPA survey.) Riser detail Installing contractor information Preliminary hydraulic calculations A.5.1.1 Where fused sprinklers are replaced by the owner, fire department, or others, care should be taken to ensure that the replacement sprinkler has the same operating characteristics. A.5.2.1 This standard anticipates the water supply for the sys- tem to be in compliance with the governing plumbing code for the jurisdiction. It is intended that any pipe material or diameter permitted by a plumbing code for one- or two-family dwellings and satisfying the hydraulic criteria of NFPA 13D is considered to be in compliance. A5.2.2.2 Not all pipe or tube made to ASTM D 3309, Stan- dard Specification for !'olybutylene (PB) Plastic Hot- and Cold- Water Distribution Systems, and ASTM F 442, Standard Specifi- cation for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR), as described in 5.2.2.2 is listed for fire sprinkler service. Listed pipe is identified by the logo of the listing agency. A.5.2.4 Compatible thread sealant or Teflon tape can be used in a CPVC sprinkler head adapter. The combination of the two cannot be used together. The manufacturer of the sprinkler head adapter installation instructions must be followed for each sprinkler head adapter used. 2007 Edition 13D-24 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFA(URED HOMES Table A.I.2(b) Fires and Associated Deaths. and Injuries in Dwellings, Duplexes, and Manufactured Homes by Area of Origin Annual Average of 1986-1990 Structure Fires Reported to U.S. Fire Departments Area of Origin Civilian Deaths Civilian Percent Fires Percent Injuries Percent Living room, family room, or den 1,330 37.1 42,600 10.5 2,546 18.6 Bedroom 919 25.6 50,200 12.4 3,250 23.7 Kitchen 541 15.1 92,670 22.9 3,987 29.1 Dining room 83 2.3 3,780 0.9 189 1.4 Heating equipment room or area 62 1.7 15,130 3.7 374 2.7 Hallway or corridor 48 1.3 3,690 0.9 155 1.1 Laundry room or area 47 1.3 15,370 3.8 363 2.7 Garage or carport* 45 1.2 14,580 3.6 524 3.8 Bathroom 44 1.2 8,040 2.0 271 2.0 Unclassified structural area 43 1.2 4,530 1.1 104 0.8 Crawl space or substructure space 41 1.2 11,200 2.8 317 2.3 Multiple areas 41 1.1 3,350 0.8 96 0.7 Ceiling/floor assembly or concealed 32 0.9 3,470 0.9 64 0.5 space Wall assembly or concealed space 27 0.8 7,090 1.8 93 0.7 Closet 23 0.6 5,02() 1.2 186 1.4 Exterior balcony or open porch 22 0.6 5,570 1.4 121 0.9 Exterior wall surface 22 0.6 14.620 3.6 118 0.9 Unclassified area 21 0.6 2,590 0.6 87 0.6 Attic or ceiling/roof assembly or 21 0.6 10,740 2.7 98 0.7 concealed space Tool room or other supply storage 20 0.5 4,160 1.0 133 1.0 room or area Lobby or entrance way 17 0.5 1,410 0.3 44 0.3 Interior stairway 17 0.5 1,100 0.3 41 . 0.3 Chimney 17 0.5 60,530 14.9 75 0.5 Unclassified function area 17 0.5 1,090 0.3 43 0.3 Unclassified storage area 14 0.4 2,460 0.6 80 0.6 Area not applicable 11 0.3 1,180 0.3 22 0.2 Exterior stairway 8 0.2 1,090 0.3 25 0.2 Lawn or field 7 0.2 1,67() 0.4 24 0.2 Trash room or area 5 0.1 1,140 0.3 14 0.1 Product storage area 5 0.1 780 0.2 23 0.2 Unclassified mneatis of egress 5 0.1 610 0.2 15 0.1 Unclassified service or equipment 4 0.1 380 0.1 12 0.1 area Library 3 0.1 180 0.0 11 0.0 Other known area 26 0.7 12,880 3.2 195 1.4 Total 3,589 100.0 404,900 100.0 13,691 100.0 Note: Fires are csiimnatecl to the nearest 10; civilian deaths and injuries are estimated to the nearest: 1. Does not include dwelling garages coded as a separate property, which averaged 19 deaths, 259 irjLiiies, and 21,170 fires per year (Sou.na: 1986-199(1 N/IRS and NI7'A survey.) Riser detail Installing contractor information (Il) Preliminary hydraulic calculations A.5.1.1 Where fused sprinklers are replaced by the owner, fire department, or others, care should be taken to ensure that the replacement sprinkler has the same operating characteristics. A.5.2.1 This standard anticipates the water supply for the sys- tem to be in compliance with the governing plumbing code for the jurisdiction. It is intended that any pipe material or diameter permitted by a plumbing code for one- or two-family dwellings and satisfying the hydraulic criteria of NFPA 13D is considered to he in compliance. A.5.2.2.2 Not all pipe or tube made to ASTM D 3309, Stan- (lard Specification for I'olybutyiene (PB) Plastic Hot- and Cold- Watcr i)istribution Systems, and ASTM F 442, Standard Speczfi- cation for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR), as described in 5.2.2.2 is listed for fire sprinkler service. Listed pipe is identified by the logo of the listing agency. A.5.2.4 Compatible thread sealant or Teflon tape can be used in a CPVC sprinkler head adapter. The combination of the two cannot be used together. The manufacturer of the sprinkler head adapter installation instructions must be followed for each sprinkler head adapter used. 2007 Edition ANNEX A 13D-25 FIGURE A.3.3.9.3(a) Multipurpose Piping System - Ex- ample 1. FIGURE A.3.3.9.3(b) Multipurpose Piping System - Ex- ample 2. A.5.2.9.2 Not all fittings made to ASTM F 437, Standard Speci- fication for Threaded Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plas- tic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80, ASTM F 438, Standard Speczfzcation for Socket-? ype Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 4Q, and ASTM F 439, Standard Specification for Socket-?ype Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80, as described in 5.2.92 are listed for fire sprinkler service. Listed fittings are identified by the logo of the listing agency. A.6.2 The connection to city mains for fire protection is often subject to local regulation of metering and backfiow prevention requirements. Preferred and acceptable water FIGURE A.3.3.9.3(c) Multipurpose Piping System - Ex- ample 3 (Network System). FIGURE A.3.3.9.4 Network System. supply arrangements are shown in Figure A.6.2(a), Figure A.6.2 (b), and Figure A.6.2 (c). Where it is necessary to use a meter between the city water main and the sprinkler system supply, an acceptable arrangement as shown in Figure A.6.2(c) can be used. Under these circumstances, the flow characteristics of the meter are to be included in the hy- draulic calculation of the system [see Table 8.4.4i'g]. Where a tank is used for both domestic and fire protection pur- poses, a low water alarm that actuates when the water level falls below 110 percent of the minimum quantity specified in 6.1.2 should be provided. The effect of pressure-reducing valves on the system should he considered in the hydraulic calculation procedures. 2007 Edition 13D-26 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES City water main City water main City gate valve To domestic system -10 City gate valve Main control valve Water "Domestic Rubber-faced meter shutoff check valve* Pressure gauge valve - - Waterf low detector Drain and test Pressure gauge connection -r I To automatic sprinkler Y system * Rubber-faced check valves are optional. FIGURE A.6.2(a) Preferable Arrangement. City water main City gate City gate valve valve Sprinkler control velvet Water Rubber-faced meter check valve*- i~ Pressure gauge Domestic Waterf low detector shutoff valve Drain and test I-O.E---- Pressure gauge connection To automatic I To domestic J, sprinkler J, system V system V * Rubber-faced check valves are optional. t Optional valve: See 7.1.2. FIGURE A.6.2(b) Acceptable Arrangement with Valve Super- vision - Option 1. £6.2.1 The flow of water is necessary to make sure that the pump does not get damaged during testing. Use of a timer to keep the pump running is not recommended because the timer will allow the pump to run when no water is flowing. The pump needs to run for the entire duration without interrup- tion, including not tripping the circuit breaker. A.6.3 Multipurpose piping systems consist of a single piping system within a residential occupancy that is intended to serve both domestic and fire protection needs. Basic forms of this sys- tem are shown in Figure A.6.3(a), Figure A.6.3(b), Figure A6.3(c), and Figure A.6.3(d). A network system, as defined in 3.3.9.4, is a type of multipurpose system that utilizes a common piping system supplying domestic fixtures and fire sprinklers where each sprinkler is supplied by a minimum of three separate paths. In dwellings where long-term use of lawn sprinklers is com- mon, provision should be made for such usage. meter Waterflow detector I Water '.J..) Pressure gauge Sprinkler I Main control valve control valvet \ I To automatic To domestic sprinkler system system 1 \ Domestic H Pressure gauge shutoff Drain and test valve connection Rubber-faced check valve* * Rubber-faced check valves are optional. t Optional valve: See 7.1.2. FIGURE A.6.2(c) Acceptable Arrangement with Valve Super- vision - Option 2. FIGURE A.6.3(a) Multipurpose Piping System -Example 1. A.7.2.4 These connections should be installed so that the valve can be opened frilly and for a sufficient time period to ensure a proper test without causing water damage. The test connection should be designed and sized to verify the suffi- ciency of the water supply and alarm mechanisms. A.7.4.4 The reaction forces caused by the flow of water through the sprinkler could result in displacement of the sprinkler, thereby adversely affecting sprinkler discharge. A7.5.6 Decorative painting of a residential sprinkler is not to be confused with the temperature identification colors as specified in 6.2.5 of NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems. 2007 Edition 13D-26 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MAN UFACURED HOMES City water main City water main City gate valve To domestic system - City gate valve Main control valve detector Water A\—meter Water "Domestic Rubber-faced meter shutoff check valve* —4 Pressure gauge valve Waterf low detector Drain and test Pressure gauge connection lo automatic 4 , sprinkler system * Rubber-faced check valves are optional. FIGURE A.62(a) Preferable Arrangement. City water main City gate City gate valve valve Sprinkler control valvet Water Rubber-faced meter check valve'.. Pressure gauge Domestic .Waterflow detector shutoff valve Drain and test connection I-o-*--- Pressure gauge To automatic 4, To domestic I sprinkler system V system * Rubber-faced check valves are optional. t Optional valve: See 7.1.2. FIGURE A.6.2(b) Acceptable Arrangement with Valve Super- vision - Option 1. £6.2.1 The flow of water is necessary to make sure that the pump does not get damaged during testing. Use of a timer to keep the pump running is not recommended because the timer will allow the pump to run when no water is flowing. The pump needs to run for the entire duration without interrup- tion, including not tripping the circuit breaker. A.6.3 Multipurpose piping systems consist of a single piping system within a residential occupancy that is intended to serve both domestic and fire protection needs. Basic forms of this sys- tem are shown in Figure A.6.3(a), Figure A.6.3(b), Figure A.6.3(c), and Figure A6.3(d). A network system, as defined in 3.3.9.4, is a type of multipurpose system that utilizes a common piping system supplying domestic fixtures and fire sprinklers where each sprinkler is supplied by a minimum of three separate paths. In dwellings where long-term use of lawn sprinklers is com- mon, provision should be made for such usage. J/, Main control control valvet valve au Pressure gauge Sprinkler \r system To to To domestic matic sprinkler system _r system '..... Domestic Pressure gauge shutoff Drain and test valve connection Rubber-faced check valve* Rubber-faced check valves are optional. t Optional valve: See 7.1.2. FIGURE A62(c) Acceptable Arrangement with Valve Super- vision - Option 2- FIGURE £6.3(a) Multipurpose Piping System -Example 1. A.7.24 These connections should be installed so that the valve can be opened fully and for a sufficient time period to ensure a proper test without causing water damage. The test connection should be designed and sized to verify the suffi- ciency of the water supply and alarm mechanisms. £74.4 The reaction forces caused by the flow of water through the sprinkler could result in displacement of the sprinkler, thereby adversely affecting sprinkler discharge. A.75.6 Decorative painting of a residential sprinkler is not to be confused with the temperature identification colors as specified in 6.2.5 of NFPA 13 Standard for the installation of Sprinkler Systems. 2007 Edition ANNEX A 13D-27 FIGURE A.6.3(b) Multipurpose Piping System -Example 2. FIGURE A.6.3(c) Multipurpose Piping System - Example 3 (Network System). A.7.6 Alarms should be of sufficient intensity to be clearly audible in all bedrooms over background noise levels while all intervening doors are closed. The tests of audibility level should be conducted with all household equipment that oper- ates at night in full operation. Examples of such equipment are window air conditioners and room humidifiers. Where off- premises alarms are provided, the waterfiow and the control valve position, as a minimum, should be monitored. An exterior alarm can be of benefit in areas where a neigh- bor could alert the fire department or to enhance the ability for an assisted rescue by a passerby. To dwelling unit To dwelling unit number one N number two Common sprinkler/plumbing connection: Add plumbing demand of 5 gpm to sprinkler demand to determine pipe size service pipe Public main FIGURE A.6.3(d) Common Water Supply Connection Serv- ing More Than One Dwelling Unit. A waterflow test is normally conducted using the system drain. Figure A.6.2(a), Figure A.6.2(b), and Figure A.6.2(c) show examples of this arrangement. A.8.1.1.2 The minimum pressure and flow requirements need to be satisfied while also meeting the requirements of the formula q = K(p)05. If a sprinkler with a K-factor of 4.3 is listed to cover an area of 18 ft x 18 ft (5.5 m x 5.5 m) at 16.2 gpm (61.3 L/min), the minimum pressure is required to be 14.2 psi (0.98 bar) so that the flow is achieved. Likewise, if a sprinkler with a K-factor of 5.6 is covering an area 12 ft x 12 ft (3.66 m x 3.66 m), the minimum flow is required to be 14.8 gpm (56 L/min) [the flow at 7 psi (0.48 bar)] even though a flow of 7.2 gpm (27.3 L/min) will satisfy the density criteria A.8.1.1.2.2 Sprinklers need to be used in accordance with their listed areas and density. (See Figure fl.8.L1.2.2). 8 ft 14 ft 14 ft 0 1-.6ft 8f1 "T I I I I 14ft I I Sprinkler 1, 4, 5, 6— 16 ft x 16 ft coverage used to determine flow Sprinkler 2, 3— 14 ft x 14 ft coverage used to determine flow FIGURE A.8.1.1.2.2 Determining Required Flow. 2007 Edition 130-28 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES A.8.1.2 All residential sprinklers have been investigated and are currently listed for use under flat, smooth, horizontal ceil- ings. Some residential sprinklers have been investigated and listed for use under specific smooth sloped or horizontal beamed ceilings. Where ceilings have configurations outside the scope of current listings, special sprinkler system design features such as larger flows, a design of three or more sprin- klers to operate in a compartment, or both may be required. Figure A.8.1.2 (a) and Figure A.8.1.2 (b) show examples of de- sign configurations. Kitchen Dining A Minimum room / 81n. (203 mm) Hall / A lintel 11 I Minimum 8 in. (203 mm) lintel Living room Design V demand I area (compartment) FIGURE A.8.1.2(a) Sprinkler Design Areas for 1rpical Resi- dential Occupancy - Without Lintel. Dining room Kitchen Hall ZA Minimum 8 in. Minimum 8 in. (203 mm / (203 mm) lintel /Living room Design demand area (compartment) FIGURE A.8.1.2(b) Sprinkler Design Areas for 1'pica1 Resi- dential Occupancy - With Lintel. A.8.1.3.1.2 There are construction features such as large horizontal beamed ceilings, sloped ceilings having beams, and steeply sloped ceilings that are outside of the current listings. In these situations, sprinklers can be installed in a manner acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction to achieve the results specified in this standard. In making these determina- tions, consideration should be given to factors influencing sprinkler system performance, such as sprinkler response characteristics, impact of obstructions on sprinkler discharge, and number of sprinklers anticipated to operate in the event of a fire. A.8.2.5 The objective is to position sprinklers so that the re- sponse time and discharge are not unduly affected by obstruc- tions such as ceiling slope, beams, light fixtures, or ceiling fans. The rules in this section, while different from the ob- struction rules of NFPA 18, Standard for the Installation of Sprin- kler Systems, provide a reasonable level of life safety while main- taining the philosophy of keeping NFPA 13D relatively simple to apply and enforce. Fire testing has indicated the need to wet walls in the area protected by residential sprinklers at a level closer to the ceil- ing than that accomplished by standard sprinkler distribution. Where beams, light fixtures, sloped ceilings, and other ob- structions occur, additional residential sprinklers are neces- sary to achieve proper response and distribution. In addition, for sloped ceilings, higher flow rates could be needed. Guid- ance should be obtained from the manufacturer. A series of 38 full-scale tests were conducted in a test room with a floor area of 12 ft x 24 ft (3.6 in x 7.2 m) to determine the effect of cathedral (sloped) and beamed ceiling construc- tion, and combinations of both, on fast-response residential sprinkler performance. The testing was performed using one pendent-type residential sprinkler model, two ceiling slopes (0 degrees and 14 degrees), and two beam configurations on a single enclosure size. In order to judge the effectiveness of sprinklers in controlling fires, two baseline tests, in which the ceiling was smooth and horizontal, were conducted with the pendent sprinklers installed and with a total water supply of 26 gum (98 L/min) as required by this standard. The results of the baseline tests were compared with tests in which the ceil- ing was beamed or sloped, or both, and two pendent sprin- klers were installed with the same water supply. Under the limited conditions used for testing, the comparison indicates that sloped or beamed ceilings, or a combination of both, rep- resent a serious challenge to the fire protection afforded by fast-response residential sprinklers. However, further tests with beamed ceilings indicated that fire control equivalent to that obtained in the baseline tests can be obtained where one sprinkler is centered in each bay formed by the beams and a total water supply of 36 gum (136 L/min) is available. Fire control equivalent to that obtained in the baseline tests was obtained for the smooth, sloped ceiling tests where three sprinklers were installed with a total water supply of 54 gpm (200 L/min). In a single smoldering-started fire test, the fire was suppressed. Small areas created by architectural features such as planter box windows, bay windows, and similar features can be evaluated as follows: Where no additional floor area is created by the architec- tural feature, no additional sprinkler protection is re- quired. Where additional floor area is created by an architectural feature, no additional sprinkler protection is required, provided all of the following conditions are met: The floor area does not exceed 18 ft2 (1.7 m2). The floor area is not greater than 2 ft (0.65 m) in depth at the deepest point of the architectural fea- ture to the plane of the primary wall where measured along the finished floor. The floor area is not greater than 9 ft (2.9 m) in length where measured along the plane of the pri- mary wall. Measurement from the deepest point of the architectural fea- ture to the sprinkler should not exceed the maximum listed spac- ing of the sprinkler. Thehydraulic design is not required to con- sider the area created by the architectural feature. Where the obstruction criteria established by this standard are followed, sprinkler spray patterns will not necessarily get 2007 Edition 13D-28 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE-AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES A.8.1.2 All residential sprinklers have been investigated and are currently listed for use under flat, smooth, horizontal ceil- ings. Some residential sprinklers have been investigated and listed for use under specific smooth sloped or horizontal beamed ceilings. Where ceilings have configurations outside the scope of current listings, special sprinkler system design features such as larger flows, a design of three or more sprin- klers to operate in a compartment, or both may be required. Figure A.8.1.2(a) and Figure A.8.1.2 (b) show examples of de- sign configurations. Kitchen I - Dining A Minimum room/ 8in. / }.e-(203 mm) - Hall / A lintel •' ** I Minimum 8 in. (203 mm) lintel Living room Design V demand area (compartment) FIGURE A.8.1.2(a) Sprinkler Design Areas for Typical Resi- dential Occupancy - Without Lintel. Dining room Kitchen - Hall 1 4, ' / / / • Minimum 8 in. Minimum 8 in. (203 mm) lintel '(203 mm) lintel Design Living room demand area (compartment) FIGURE A.8.1.2(b) Sprinkler Design Areas for Typical Resi- dential Occupancy - With Lintel. A.8.1.3.1.2 There are construction features such as large horizontal beamed ceilings, sloped ceilings having beams, and steeply sloped ceilings that are outside of the current listings. In these situations, sprinklers can be installed in a manner acceptable to the authority having jurisdiction to achieve the results specified in this standard. In making these determina- tions, consideration should be given to factors influencing sprinkler system performance, such as sprinkler response characteristics, impact of obstructions on sprinkler discharge, and number of sprinklers anticipated to operate in the event of a fire. A.8.2.5 The objective is to position sprinklers so that the re- sponse time and discharge are not unduly affected by obstruc- tions such as ceiling slope, beams, light fixtures, or ceiling fans. The rules in this section, while different from the ob- struction rules of NFPA 13, Standard for the Installation of Sp-rin- klerSystirns, provide a reasonable level of life safety while main- taining the philosophy of keeping NFPA 13D relatively simple to apply and enforce. Fire testing has indicated the need to wet walls in the area protected by residential sprinklers at a level closer to the ceil- ing than that accomplished by standard sprinkler distribution. Where beams, light fixtures, sloped ceilings, and other ob- structions occur, additional residential sprinklers are neces- sary to achieve proper response and distribution. In addition, for sloped ceilings, higher flow rates could be needed. Guid- ance should be obtained from the manufacturer. A series of 33 full-scale tests were conducted in a test room with a floor area of 12 ft x 24 ft (3.6 m x 7.2 m) to determine the effect of cathedral (sloped) and beamed ceiling construc- tion, and combinations of both, on fast-response residential sprinkler performance. The testing was performed using one pendent-type residential sprinkler model, two ceiling slopes (0 degrees and 14 degrees), and two beam configurations on a single enclosure size. In order to judge the effectiveness of sprinklers in controlling fires, two baseline tests, in which the ceiling was smooth and horizontal, were conducted with the pendent sprinklers installed and with a total water supply of 26 gpm (98 L/min) as required by this standard. The results of the baseline tests were compared with tests in which the ceil- ing was beamed or sloped, or both, and two pendent sprin- klers were installed with the same water supply. Under the limited conditions used for testing, the comparison indicates that sloped or beamed ceilings, or a combination of both, rep- resent a serious challenge to the fire protection afforded by fast-response residential sprinklers. However, further tests with beamed ceilings indicated that fire control equivalent to that obtained in the baseline tests can be obtained where one sprinkler is centered in each bay formed by the beams and a total water supply of 36 gpm (136 L/min) is available. Fire control equivalent to that obtained in the baseline tests was obtained for the smooth, sloped ceiling tests where three sprinklers were installed with a total water supply of 54 gpm (200 L/min). In a single smoldering-started fire test, the fire was tuppressed. Small areas created by architectural features such as planter box windows, bay windows, and similar features can be evaluated as follows: Where no additional floor area is created by the architec- tural feature, no additional sprinkler protection is re- quired. Where additional floor area is created by an architectural feature, no additional sprinkler protection is required, provided all of the following conditions are met: The floor area does not exceed I8'ft2 (1.7 m2). The floor area is not greater than 2 ft (0.65 m) in depth at the deepest point of the architectural fea- ture to the plane of the primary wall where measured along the finished floor. The floor area is not greater than 9 ft (2.9 m) in length where measured along the plane of the pri- mary wall. Measurement from the deepest point of the architectural fea- ture to the sprinkler should not exceed the maximum listed spac- ing of the sprinkler. Thehydraulic design is not required to con- sider the area created by the architectural feature. Where the obstruction criteria established by this standard are followed, sprinkler spray patterns will not necessarily get 2007 Edition ANNEX A 13D-29 water to every square foot of space within a room. As such, a sprinkler in a room with acceptable obstructions as outlined in this standard may not be capable of passing the fire test (speci- fied by UL 1626, Residential Sprinklers for Fire-Protection Service, and other similar laboratory standards) if the fire is started in one of these dry areas. This is not to be interpreted as a failure of the sprinkler. The laboratory fire tests are sufficiently chal- lenging to the sprinkler without additional obstructions as a safety factor to account for the variables that actually occur in dwellings, including acceptable obstructions to spray patterns. The rules on 8.2.5.2 and 8.2.5.3 were developed from a testing series conducted by the National Fire Sprinkler Asso- ciation and The Viking Corporation that included fire model- ing, sprinkler response tests, sprinkler distribution tests, and full-scale fire tests (Valentine and Isman, Interaction of Resi- dential Sprinklers, Ceiling Fans and Similar Obstructions, Na- tional Fire Sprinkler Association, November 2005). This test series, along with additional industry experience, shows that there is a difference between obstructions that are tight to the ceiling and obstructions that hang down from the ceiling, al- lowing spray over the top. Residential sprinklers require high wall wetting, which means that they tend to spray over obstruc- tions that hang down from the ceiling. The test series showed that the fan blades were not significant obstructions and that as long as the sprinkler was far enough from the fan motor housing (measured from the center of the housing), the sprinkler could control a fire on the other side of the fan in a small room. In larger rooms, the sprinkler will need to be augmented by additional sprinklers, on the other side of the fan. The test series showed that the fan on low or medium speed did not make a significant difference in sprinkler per- formance. On high speed (pushing air down), the fan did impact sprinkler performance, but fire control was still achieved in small rooms. In larger rooms, it is expected that additional sprinklers would be installed. The test series also showed that the fan blowing down was more significant than the fan pulling air up. The rules in 8.2.5.6 were developed from years of expe- rience with NFPA 13 obstruction rules and an additional test series conducted by the National Fire Sprinkler Associa- tion with the help of Tyco International (Valentine and Is- man, Kitchen Cabinets and Residential Sprinklers, National Fire Sprinkler Association, November 2005), which in- cluded fire modeling, distribution tests, and full-scale fire tests. The test series showed that pendent sprinklers defi- nitely provide protection for kitchens, even for fires that start under the cabinets. The information in the series was less than definitive for sidewall sprinklers, but distribution data show that sprinklers in the positions in this standard provide adequate water distribution in front of the cabinets and that sidewall sprinklers should be able to control a fire that starts under the cabinets. When protecting kitchens or similar rooms with cabinets, the pendent sprinkler should he the first option. If pendent sprinklers cannot be in- stalled, the next best option is a sidewall sprinkler on the opposite wall from the cabinets, spraying in the direction of the cabinets. The third best option is the sidewall sprinkler on the same wall as the cabinets on a soffit flush with the face of the cabinet. The last option should be putting sprin- klers on the wall back behind the face of the cabinet be- cause this location is subject to being blocked by items placed on top of the cabinets. It is not the intent of the committee to require sprinklers to be installed under kitchen cabinets. £8.3.1 In areas subject to freezing, care should be taken in unheated attic spaces to cover sprinkler piping completely with insulation. Installation should follow the guidelines of the insulation manufacturer. Figure A.8.3.1 (a) through Figure A3.3.1 (e) show several methods that can be considered. Caution: It is important that the insulation be installed tight against the joists. In unheated areas, any spaces or voids between the insulation and the joists causes the water in the fire sprinkler piping to freeze. FIGURE A.8.3.1 (a) Insulation Recommendations - Arrangement 1. FIGURE A.8.3.1 (b) Insulation Recommendations - Arrangement 2. A.8.3.3.1 Antifreeze solutions can be used for maintaining automatic sprinkler protection in small, unheated areas. Anti- freeze solutions are recommended only for systems not cx- ceeding4O gal (151 Q. Because of the cost of refilling the system or replenishing small leaks, small, dry valves should be used where more than 40 gal (151 L) are to be supplied. Propylene glycol or other suitable material can be used as a substitute for priming water to prevent evaporation of the priming fluid and thus reduce ice formation within the system. 2007 Edition 11 0 Mob. MEOW, ME MMMV1 'OMEN %VMMFAIIJ uu•uii ____II MMMMM _______ +32 13D-30 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES Caution: Boring holes in the joist is one method of locating the fire sprinkler piping in the ceiling. As an alternative, when temperatures are expected to be 0°F (-18°C) or lower, loose pieces of insulation should be stuffed in the bored holes around the piping. FIGURE A.8.3.1 (c) Insulation Recommendations - Arrangement 3. FIGURE £8.3. 1(d) Insulation Recommendations- Arrangement 4. A.8.3.3.2 Listed CPVC sprinkler pipe and fittings should be protected from freezing with glycerine only. The use of dieth- ylene glycol, ethylene glycol, or propylene glycol is specifically prohibited. Laboratory testing shows that glycol-based anti- freeze solutions present a chemical environment detrimental to CPVC. Listed PB sprinkler pipe and fittings can be pro- tected with glycerine, diethylene glycol, ethylene glycol, or propylene glycol. A.8.3.3.2.6 Beyond certain limits, an increased proportion of antifreeze does not lower the freezing point of the solution (see Figure A.8.3.3.2.6). Glycerine, diethylene glcol, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol never should be used without mixing with water in the proper proportions, because these materials tend to thicken near 32°F (0°C). FIGURE A.8.3.1 (e) Insulation Recommendations - Arrangement 5. 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percent by volume FIGURE A.8.3.3.2.6 Freezing Points of Water Solutions of Ethylene Glycol and Diethylene Glycol. A.8.3.3.3 All permitted antifreeze solutions are heavier than water. At the point of contact (interface), provisions are re- quired by 8.3.3.3 to prevent the diffusion of water into un- heated areas. To avoid leakage, the quality of materials and workmanship should be superior, the threads should be clean and sharp, and the joints should be tight. Only metal-faced valves should be used. A.8.3.3.3.2 One formula for sizing the chamber is as follows. Other methods also exist. EL=SI.2L_l where: LL = change in antifreeze solution volume (gal) due to thermal expansion S, = volume (gal) of antifreeze system, not including the expansion chamber DL = density (gm/ml) of antifreeze solution at lowest expected temperature DE = density (gm/ml) of antifreeze solution at highest expected temperature 2007 Edition 1! -30 a) 0. E -40 -50 13D-30 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWElLING SANDMAN UFACTURED HOMES Caution: Boring holes in the joist is one method of locating the fire sprinkler piping in the ceiling. As an alternative, when temperatures are expected to be 0°F (-18°C) or lower, loose pieces of insulation should be stuffed in the bored holes around the piping. FIGURE A.8.3.1(c) Insulation Recommendations - Arrangement 3. FIGURE A.8.3. 1(d) Insulation Recommendations - Arrangement 4. A.8.3.3.2 Listed CPVC sprinkler pipe and fittings should be protected from freezing with glycerine only. The use of dieth- ylene glycol, ethylene glycol, or propylene glycol is specifically prohibited. Laboratory testing shows that glycol-based anti- freeze solutions present a chemical enviroximent detrimental to CPVC. Listed PB sprinkler pipe and fittings can be pro- tected with glycerine, diethylcne glycol, ethylene glycol, or propylene glycol. A.8.3.3.2.6 Beyond certain limits, an increased proportion of antifreeze does not lower the freezing point of the solution (see Fire A.8.3.3.2. 6). Glycerine, diethylene .glcol, ethylene glycol, and propylene glycol never should be used without mixing with water in the proper proportions, because these materials tend to thicken near 32°F (0°C). Caution: Care should be taken to avoid compressing the insulation. This reduces its R value. To prevent potential freeze-ups of the sprinkler piping, the insulation should be installed tight against the joists. FIGURE A.8.3.1 (e) Insulation Recommendations - Arrangement 5. ows M160660 EMEW411 MIENNEW" -wall 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 Percent by volume FIGURE A.8.3.3.2.6 Freezing Points of Water Solutions of Ethylene Glycol and Diethylene Glycol. A.8.3.3.3 All permitted antifreeze solutions are heavier than water. At the point of contact (interface), provisions are re- quired by 8.3.3.3 to prevent the diffusion of water into un- heated areas. To avoid leakage, the quality of materials and workmanship should be superior, the threads should be clean and sharp, and the joints should be tight. Only metal-faced valves should he used. A.8.3.3.3.2 One formula for sizing the chamber is as follows. Other methods also exist. where: IL = change in antifreeze solution volume (gal) due to thermal expansion = volume (gal). of antifreeze system, not including the expansion chamber = density (gm/mI) of antifreeze solution at lowest expected temperature = density (gm/ml) of antifreeze solution at highest expected temperature +32 +14 U.. a) -22 CL -40 I- -58 2007 Edition ANNEX A 13D.-31 This method is based on the following information P0 .V0 P1.Vj R2 V2 T0 7 T. where: K.= minimum required volume (gal) of expansion chamber V() = air volume (gal) in expansion chamber at precharge (before installation) V1 = air volume (gal) in expansion chamber at normal static pressure V 2 = air volume (gal) in expansion chamber at post-expansion pressure (antifreeze at high temperature) P0 = absolute precharge pressure (psia) on expansion chamber before installation = absolute static pressure (psi) on water (supply) side of backflow preventer P2 = absolute maximum allowable working pressure (psi) for antifreeze system = temperature (°R) of air in expansion chamber at precharge = temperature (°R) of air in expansion chamber when antifreeze system piping is at lowest expected temperature = temperature (°R) of air in expansion chamber when antifreeze system piping is at highest expected temperature This equation is one formulation of the ideal gas law from basic chemistry. The amount of air in the expansion chamber will not change over time. The pressure, temperature, and volume of the air at different times will be related in accor- dance with this formula: = V - AL The antifreeze in the system is essentially incompressible, so the air volume in the expansion chamber will decrease by an amount equal to the expansion of the antifreeze. It is assumed that there is no trapped air in the system piping, so the only air in the system is in the expansion cham- ber. This is a conservative assumption, since more air is better. In reality, there will be at least some trapped air. However, only the air in the expansion chamber can be relied upon to be available when needed: VEC =VO At precharge, the chamber will be completely full of air: V -P.T.P2 .EiL.T hCp7(PTpT) In cases where the normal static pressure on the sprinkler system is close to the maximum working pressure, antifreeze systems are not advisable if the connection to the wet pipe system will incorporate a backflow device. In these cases, ex- pansion of the antifreeze solution during warm weather will cause the antifreeze system to exceed the maximum working pressure, regardless of the size pf the expansion chamber. The normal static pressure is too close to the maximum working pressure if the preceding formula for V r, yields a negative result. If this occurs, use a dry pipe system instead or install a pressure reducing valve before the backflow preventer. A.8.3.4.5 With regard to preaction systems, it is assumed that the release system will activate before the sprinklers. It is gen- erally accepted that smoke detectors and rate-of-rise detectors are more sensitive than sprinklers and that fixed-temperature- release devices with RTIs lower than that of sprinklers will re- act faster than sprinklers at similar spacings and locations. A.8.4.3.3 Any special listing of products covered in 8.4.3.3 should include certification by the manufacturer of personnel involved in the layout, calculation, and installation of their product. A.8.4.3.3(l) Where a four-port fitting is used, and one of the ports is not being used to satisfy this requirement or to feed a domestic fixture, the extra port should be connected to an- other open port at a sprinkler or should be connected to the water supply pipe (manifold). [See Figure A.8. 4.3.3(1).] FIGURE £8.4.3.3(1) Water Supply Manifold. A.8.4.4 The determination of public water supply pressure should take into account the probable minimum pressure conditions prevailing during such periods as during the night or during the summer months when heavy usage can occur; the possibility of interr1ption by floods or ice condi- tions in winter also should be considered. [See Figure A. 8.4.4(a) and Figure A. 8.4.4(b).] A.8.6.4 Although NFPA 13D does not require garages to be sprinklered, some authorities having jurisdiction take it upon themselves to add this requirement locally. In such circum- stances, residential or quick-response sprinklers with a two- sprinkler design in the garage with the same piping used in the rest of the dwelling may be used. It is recognized that residential sprinklers have not been tested specifically for fires in garages, but field experience has shown that the sprinklers help to alert occupants to the fact that there is a fire, can reduce the possibility of flashover, and can im- prove the chances for occupants to escape. Individual Net Loss Total Water pressure at supply outlet Deduct head loss for elevation ft x 0.434) Deduct pressure loss from piping within building* Remaining pressure for sprinkler operation For SI units, 1 ft = 0.3048 m; 1 psi = 0.0689 bat * Factors from Table 8.4.4(a) through 8.4.4(g). FIGURE A.8.4.4(b) Calculation Sheet - Elevated Tank, Booster Pump, Pump Tank Supply. 2007 Edition 13D-32 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES Individual Net Loss Total Water pressure in street Arbitrarily select pipe size Deduct meter loss (size) Deduct head loss for elevation. ( ftx0.434)_______ Deduct pressure loss from city main to sprinkler system control valve* Pipe ft - Valves ft Elbows ft Tee ft Total- ftx _______ Deduct pressure loss for piping-control valve to farthest sprinkler* Total Equivalent Size Quantity Description (ft) - ______ 90 degree elbow 45 degree elbow Tee Check valve Valve( Total _ftx_=_ Total Equivalent Size Quantity Description (ft) 90 degree elbow 45 degree elbow Tee Check valve Valve( Total _ft x_=_ Remaining pressure for sprinkler operation For SI units, 1 ft = 0.3048 m; 1 psi = 0.0689 ban *Factors from Table 8.4.4(a) through Table 8.4.4(e). FIGURE A.8.4.4(a) Calculation Sheet. Annex B Informational References B.l Referenced Publications. The documents or portions thereof listed in this annex are referenced within the informa- tional sections of this standard and are not part of the require- ments of this document unless also listed in Chapter 2 for other reasons. B.1.1 NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Associa- tion, 1 Batteryniarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471. NFPA 13, Standardfor the Installation of Sprinkler Systems, 2007 edition. NFPA 13R, Standard for the Installation of Sprinkler Systems in Residential Occupancies up to and Including Four Stories in Height, 2007 edition. NFPA 20, Standard for the Installation of Stationaiy Pumps for Fire Protection, 2007 edition. NFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection, Testing, and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems, 2002 edition. NFPA 72a, National Fire Alarm Code®, 2007 edition. B.l.2 Other Publications. B.1.2.1 ASTM Publications. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428- 2959. ASTM D 3309, Standard Specification for Polybutylene (PB) Plastic Hot- and Cold-WaterDistribution Systems, 1996. ASTM F 437, Standard Specification for Threaded Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80, 1996. ASTM F 438, Standard Specification for Socket-73pe chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40, 1997. ASTM F 439, Standard Specification for Socket-Type chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80, 1997. ASTM F 442, Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR), 1997. IEEE/ASTM SI-10, Standard for Use of the International Sys- tem of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System, 1997. B.1.2.2 NFSA Publications. National Fire Sprinkler Associa- tion, P.O. Box 1000, Patterson, NY 12563. Kitchen Cabinets and Residential Sprinklers, by Valentine and Isman, November 2005. Interaction of Residential Sprinklers, Ceiling Fans and Similar Obstructions, by Valentine and Isman, November 2005. B.1.2.3 UL Publications. Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 Pfingsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062-2096. UL 1626, Residential Sprinklers forFire-Protection Service, 1994. B.2 Informational References. (Reserved) B.3 References for Extracts in Informational Sections. (Re- served) 2007 Edition 13D-32 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES Individual Net Loss Total Water pressure in street Arbitrarily select pipe size Deduct meter loss (size) Deduct head loss for elevation ft x 0.434) Deduct pressure loss from city main to sprinkler system control valve* _Pipe_____ ft Valves ft - Elbows ft Tee ft Total ft x____ Deduct pressure loss for piping-control valve to farthest sprinkler* Total Equivalent Size Quantity Description (ft) - ______ 90 degree elbow 45 degree elbow Tee Check valve Valve( Total _ftx_=_ Total Equivalent Size Quantity Description (ft) 90 degree elbow 45 degree elbow Tee Check valve Valve(__._) Total _ftx_=_ Remaining pressure for sprinkler operation For SI units, 1 ft = 0.3048 m; 1 psi = 0.0689 bark Factors from Table 8.4.4(a) through Table 8.4.4(e). FIGURE L8.4.4(a) Calculation Sheet. Annex B Informational References B.l Referenced Publications. The documents or portions thereof listed in this annex are referenced within the informa- tional sections of this standard and are not part of the require- ments of this document unless also listed in Chapter 2 for other reasons. B.l.l NFPA Publications. National Fire Protection Associa- tion, 1 Batterymarch Park, Quincy, MA 02169-7471. NFPA 18, Standard forthe Installation ofSprinhierSystems, 2007 edition. NFPA 13R, Standard for the installation of Sprinkler Systems in Residential Occupancies up to and including Four Stories in Height, 2007 edition. NFPA 20, Standard for the Installation of Stationary Pumps for Fire Protection, 2007 edition. NFPA 25, Standard for the Inspection, Thsting and Maintenance of Water-Based Fire Protection Systems, 2002 edition. NFPA 72, National Fire Alarm Code®, 2007 edition. B.1.2 Other Publications. Bi.2.1 ASTM Publications. ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, P.O. Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428- 2959. ASTM D 3309, Standard Specication for Polybutylene (PB) Plastic Hot- and Cold-Water Distribution Systems, 1996. ASTM F 437, Standard Specification for Threaded Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80, 1996. ASTM F 438, Standard Speczfi cation for Socket-737pe Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 40, 1997. ASTM F 439, Standard Specifi cation for Socket-Type Chloriüated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe Fittings, Schedule 80, 1997. ASTM F 442, Standard Specification for Chlorinated Poly (Vinyl Chloride) (CPVC) Plastic Pipe (SDR-PR), 1997. IEEE/ASTM SI—b, Standard for Use of the International Sys- tem of Units (SI): The Modern Metric System, 1997. B.1.2.2 NFSA Publications. National Fire Sprinkler Associa- tion, P.O. Box 1000, Patterson, NY 12568. Kitchen Cabinets and Residential Sprinklers, by Valentine and Isman, November 2005. Interaction of Residential Sprinklers, Ceiling Fans and Similar Obstructions, by Valentine and Isman, November 2005. B.l.2.3 UL Publications. Underwriters Laboratories Inc., 333 Pflngsten Road, Northbrook, IL 60062-2096. UL 1626, Residential Sprinklers forFire-Protection Service, 1994. B.2 Informational References. (Reserved) B.3 References for Extracts in Informational Sections. (Re- served)' 2007 Edition INDEX 13D-33 Index Copyright © 2006 National Fire Protection Association. All Rights Reserved. The copyright in this index is separate and distinct from the copyright in the document that it indexes. The licensing provisions set forth for the document are not applicable to this index. This index may not be reproduced in whole or in part by any means without the express written permission of NFPA. -A- Air supply, dry pipe and preaction sprinider systems ..........8.3.4.9, A.4.2.1 Alarms ...................................tee aLso Smoke alarms/detectors System supervision by ............................................7.1.2 Testingof ........................................................A.4.2.l Wacerilow .........................................see Waterfiow alarms Antifreeze systems ...................8.3.2, 8.3.3, A.8.3.3.1 to A.8.3.3.3 Definition .........................................................3.3.9.1 Maintenance .............................................4.2.4, A.4.2.4 Piping and valves ....................................8.3.3.3, A.8.3.3.3 Solutions .............................................8.3.3.2, A.8.3.3.2 Tests..............................................................A.4.2.4 Approved (definition) ...................................... 3.2.1,A.3.2.1 Attics ....................................................7.7, 8.6.5, A.8.3.1 Authority having jurisdiction (definition) ................3.2.2, A.3.2.2 Automatic sprinklers .........................................see Sprinklers -B- Backflow prevention devices Antifreeze systems ...............................8.3.3.3.2, A:8.3.3.3.2 City mains, connection to .......................................A.6.2 Basements............................................................8.2.4 -C- Cabinets............................................................8.2.5.6 Ceiling configurations, sprinklers designed for ..................8.1.2, 8.1.3.1.! to 8.I.3.1.3,A.8.1.2,A.8.1.3.1.2 Ceiling pockets, sprinklers for .....................................8.6.7 Check valves (definition) .........................................5.3.10.1 Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) piping .......5.2.2.2, A.5.2.2.2 Fittings ................................................5.2.9.2, A.5.2.9.2 Sprinkler head ..................................................A.5.2.4 City water supply ..................................see Public water supply Closets.......................................................8.2.5.1, 8.6.3 Compartments.........................................................4.1 Concealed spaces, sprinklers in ..................................7.5.5.3 Control valves ..................................................6.3(5), 7.1 Definition .......................................... 3.3.10.2,A.3.3.10.2 Copperpiping ................................................Table 5.2.1 joints......................................................5.2.6 to 5.2.8 Pressure losses ...............Table 8.4.4(h), Tables 8.4.4(d) to (f) Sizing.................................................8.4.3.3, A.8.4.3.3 -D- Definitions........................................................Chap. 3 Design, sprinkler system .........................................Chap. 8 Coverage ............................................. 8.1.3,A.8.1.3.1.2 Design discharge ...........................8.1.1, 8.1.1.2.2, A.8.1.1.2 Definition.......................................................3.3.2 Location....................................................8.6, A.8.6.4 Pipe Configurations ...................................................8.5 Sizing..................................................8.4, A.8.4.3.3 Sprinkler positioning .......................................8.2, A.8.2.5 Detection devices, dry pipe and preaction systems ............8.3.4.5, A.8.3.4.5 Detectors ....................................see Smoke alarms/detectors Documentation..................................................4.8, A.4.8 Domestic water supply, shutoff valves for .................7.1.1, 7.1.3 Drains ..................................6.2.1, 7.2, A.6.2.1, A.7.2.4, A.7.6 Dry pipe and preaction sprinkler systems ....7.2.3, 8.3.4.7, 8.3.4.8 Dry pipe sprinkler systems .......................8.3.2, 8.3.4, A.8.3.4.5 Air supply ..............................................8.3.4.9, A.4.2.1 Definition ...........................................................5.9.2 Detection devices ....................................8.3.4.5, A.8.3.4.5 Drains ............................................7.2.3, 8.3.4.7, 8.3.4.8 Dry pipe and double interlock preaction system water delivery ...............................8.3.4.3 Sprinklers for ....................................................8.3.4.1 System configuration ...........................................8.3.4.6 Valves, location and protection of.............................8.3.4.4 Dry sprinklers ......................................7.5.3, 8.3.2, 8.3.4:1.1 Dwelling (definition) ..................................................... Dwelling unit (definition) ...........................................3.3.4 Fr Elevated tanks ......................................................6.2(2) Equivalency to standard ...............................................1.4 Escutcheons..........................................................7.5.7 Expansion tanks .......................................................5.1.3 -F- Fire casualties, locations in dwellings of ..........................A.1.2, Table A.1 .2(a), Table A.1 .2(b) Fire tests ..................................................... A.L],A.8.2.5 Fittings ..............5.2.5, 5.2.9, 7.5.8, Tables 8.4.4(c) to (F), A.5.2.9.2 Flashover............................................................. A.i .1 Freezing, pipe protected against .....8.3.2, A.8.3.1; see aLso Antifreeze systems; Dry pipe sprinkler systems; Preaction sprinkler systems Freezing points, antifreeze and water solutions .......Table 8.3.3.2.3, Table 8.3.3.2.5, 8.3.3.2.6. A8.3.3.2.6 Garages......................................................8.6.4, A.8.6.4 Gauges, pressure .......................................................7.3 Glycerine ............................................8.3.3.2.2 to 8.3.3.2.4 -H- Hydrostatic tests ................................................4.3, A.4.3 -'- Installation, sprinkler system ....................................Chap. 7 Instructions ......................................................4.2.1, 4.6 -L- Labeled (definition) .................................................3.2.3 Labeled devices and materials ........................................4.6 Listed (definition) ..........................................3.2.4, A.3.2.4 Listed devices and materials ............................4.6, 5.1.2, 5.1.3 Documentation ..............................................4.8, A.4.8 Pipe......................................................5.2.2, A.5.2.2.2 -M- Maintenance .........................................4.2, A.4.2.i,,A.4.2.4 Manufactured homes .......................................Fig. A.1.1(b) Definition...................................................t35, A.3.3.5 Watersupply .........................................................6.4 2007 Edition 13D-34 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES Measurement, units of ..............................1.5,A.1.5.1,A.1.5.4 Minimum pipe size .........................................8.4, A.8.4.3.3 Multipurpose piping systems ........5.2.1.3, 5.2.5.3, 6.3,A.6.3; see also Network systems Definition.............................................'1.3.9.3, A.3.3.9.3 -N- Network systems ........................................8.4.3.3, A.8.4.3.3 Definition .............................................3.3.9.4, A.3.3.9.4 -0- Obstructions to sprinklers ........................8.2.5, A.4.2.1, A.8.25 Ornamental finishes ..............................7.5.6, A.4.2.1, A.7.5.6 -P- Painting ............................................7.5.6, A.4.2.1, A.7.5.b Pendent sprinklers Dry-pendent sprinklers ....................................7.5.3, 8.3.2 Dry pipe and pendent systems ..............................8.3.4.1.1 Obstructions to ........................................8.2.5.2, 8.2.5.4 Positionof .........................................................8.2.1 Pipe ..............................................5.2, A.5.2.1 to A.5.2.9.2 Piping .........see also Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) piping; Multipurpose piping systems; Polybutylene piping; Steel piping Inattics ...............................................................7.7 Configurations ......................................................8.5 Freezing, protection against .......8.3.2, A.8.3.1; see alsoAntifreeze systems; Dry pipe sprinkler systems; Preaction sprinkler system Materials and dimensions ...................5.2, A.5.2.1 to A.5.2.9.2 Sizing.....................................................8.4, A.8.4.3.3 Multipurpose piping systems ................................6.3(1) Public water supply ............................8.4.4, 8.4.5, A.8.4.4 Solventcement ....................................................7.5.8 Support.....................................................7.4, A.7.4.4 Polybutylene piping Fittings ................................................5.2.9.2, A.5.2.9.2 Useof ............................................................5.2.2.2 Preaction sprinkler systems .......................8.3.2, 8.3.4, A.8.3.4.5 Air supply ..............................................8.3.4.9, A.4.2.1 Definition........................................................3.3.9.5 Detection devices ....................................8.3.4.5, A8.3.4.5 Drains ............................................7.2.3, 8.3.4.7, 8.3.4.8 Dry pipe and double interlock preaction system water delivery ........................................8.3.4.3 Sprinklers for ....................................................8.3.4.1 System configuration ...........................................8.3.4.6 Types.............................................................8.3.4.2 Valves, location and protection of.............................8.3.4.4 Preengineered systems ................................................5.3 Definition ........................................................3.3.9.6 Pressure gauges ........................................................7.3 Pressure taflICS ...............................................5.1.3, 6.2(3) Propylene glycol ....................................8.3.3.2.2 to 8.3.3.2.4 Public water supply (waterworks system) ....................6.2, A.6.2 Antifreeze solutions used with ...................8.3.3.2.2, 8.3.3.2.3 Pipe sizing .........................................8.4.4, 8.4.5, A.8.4.4 Pumps....................................................... 5.1.3,A.4.2.1 Definition..........................................................3.3.7 Water supply ...............................................6.2, A.6.2.1 Purpose of standard ............................................ 1.2,A.1.2 -R- References .............................................Chap. 2, Annex B Residential sprinklers ........................................7.5.1, 7.5.2 Coverage ........................................... 8.i.3.1,A.8.1.3.1.2 Definition ..................................3.3.8.2; see also Sprinklers Dry pipe and preaction systems .............................8.3.4.1.1 Obstructions to ..........................................8.2.5, A.8.2.5 Position of ...........................................8.2-1,8.2.2,8.2.4 Retroactivity of standard ..............................................1.3 Scope of standard ..............................................1.1,A.1.1 Shall (definition) .....................................................3.2.5 Should (definition) ..................................................3.2.6 Shutoff valves ........................see Control valves; Valves, Control Sidewall sprinklers Dry pipe and pendent systems ..............................8.3.4.1.1 Dry-sidewall sprinklers .....................................7.5.3, 8.3.2 Obstructions to ..................8.2.5.3, 8.2.5.5, 8.2.5.6.2, 8.2.5.6.3 Positionof .........................................................8.2.2 SIunits ..................................................................1.5 Skylights, sprinklers under .................................7.5.5.3, 8.6.7 Smoke alarms/detectors ..................................4.7, 7.6, A.7.6 Soffits...............................................................8.2.5.6 Solventcement .......................................................7.5.8 Sprinklers ........7.5, A.7.5.6; see also Pendent sprinklers; Residential sprinklers; Sidewall sprinklers Automatic (definition) .........................................3.3.8.1 Coverage .............................................8.1.3, A.8.1.3.1.2 For dry pipe and preaction systems ...........................8.3.4.1 Fused sprinklers, replacement of ..............................A.5.1.1 Location....................................................8.6, A.8.6.4 Non-residential ...........................................8.1.3.2, 8.2.3 Number of design ....................................... 8.1.2,A.8.1.2 Obstructions .............................................8.2.5, A.4.2.1 Operating pressure ...............................................8.1.4 Painting and ornamental finishes ............7.5.6, A.4.2.1, A.7.5.6 Positioning .................................................8.2, A.8.2.5 Quick-response ....................................................7.5.4 Temperature ratings .........................................4.4, 7.5.5 Sprinkler systems .......see alsoAntifreeze systems; Dry pipe sprinkler systems; Preaction sprinkler systems Components ..........................Chap. 5; see also Piping; Valves Definition ........................................................3.3.9.7 Documentation of coverage ................................4.8, A.4.8 Piping.........................................................see Piping Preengineered.......................................................5.3 Definition .....................................................3.3.9.6 Pressure (definition) ...........................................3.3.6.2 Types.................................................................8.3 Working pressure (Definition) ................................3.3.6.3 Standard (definition) ................................................3.2.7 Steel piping .............................................Table 5.2.1, 5.2.3 Fittings.............................................................5.2.5 Pressure losses ..........................................Table 8.4.4(a) Sizing ....................................................Table 8.4.4(c) Supply pressure (definition) ......................................3.3.6.1 Supports, piping ..............................................7.4, A.7.4.4 System pressure (definition) ......................................3.3.6.2 System working pressure (Definition) ...........................3.3.6.3 Tanks, water .....................................5.1.3, 6.2, A.4.2.1, A.6.2 Temperature ratings, sprinklers ...............................4.4, 7.5.5 Tests ...............................................4.2.1; see also Fire tests Antifreeze systems ..............................................A.4.2.4 Hydrostatic ...................................................4.3, A.4.3 Waterfiow test connections .................4.2.1, 6.2.1, 7.2.4, 7.2.5, 8.3.4.3.2, A.6.2.1, A.7.2.4 Water supply pumps ..........................6.2.1, 6.2.2(1), A.6.2.1 Tube ...................................................4.5; see also Piping -U- Units of measurement .................................................1.5 Upright sprinklers Dry pipe and preaction systems .............................8.3.4.1.1 Positionof .........................................................8.2.1 2007 Edition 13D-34 INSTALLATION OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS IN ONE- AND TWO-FAMILY DWELLINGS AND MANUFACTURED HOMES Measurement, units of ..............................1.5, A.1.5.1, A.1.5.4 Minimum pipe size .........................................8.4, A.8.4.3.3 Multipurpose piping systems ........5.2.1.3, 5.2.5.3, 6.3, £6.3; see also Network systems Definition .............................................'k3.9.3, A.3.3.9.3 -N- Network systems ........................................8.4.8.3, A.8.4.3.3 Definition ............................................3.3.9.4, A.3.3.9.4 -0- Obstructions to sprinklers ........................8.2.5, A.4.2.1, A.8.2:5 Ornamental finishes ..............................7.5.6, £4.2.1, A.7.5.6 -p- Painting ............................................ 7.5.6,A.4.2.1,A.7.5.6 Pendent sprinklers Dry-pendent sprinklers ....................................7.5.3, 8.3.2 Dry pipe and pendent systems ..............................8.3.4.1.1 Obstructions to ........................................8.2.5.2, 8.2.5.4 Positionof .........................................................8.2.1 Pipe .............................................. 5.2,A.5.2.1.toA.5.2.9.2 Piping ..........see also Chlorinated polyvinyl chloride (CPVC) piping; Multipurpose piping systems; Po1ybu'lene piping; Steel piping Inattics ...............................................................7.7 Configurations......................................................8.5 Freezing, protection against .......8.3.2,A.8.3.1; see alsoAntifreeze systems; Dry pipe sprinkler systems; Preaction sprinkler system Materials and dimensions ...................5.2, A.5.2.1 to A.5.2.9.2 Sizing.....................................................8.4, A.8.4.3.3 Multipurpose piping systems ................................6.8(1) Public water supply ............................8.4.4, 8.4.5, A.8.4.4 Solvent cement ....................................................7.5.8 Support.....................................................7.4, A.7.4.4 Polybutylene piping Fittings................................................5.2.9.2, A.5.2.9.2 Useof ............................................................5.2.2.2 Preaction sprinkler systems ......................8.3.2, 8.3.4, A.8.3.4.5 Airsupply .............................................. 8.5.4.9,A.4.2.1 Definition........................................................3.3.9.5 Detection devices ....................................8.3.4.5, A8.3.4.5 Drains ............................................7.2.3, 8.3.4.7, 8.3.4.8 Dry pipe and double interlock preaction system water delivery ........................................8.3.4.3 Sprinklers for ....................................................8.3.4.1 System configuration ...........................................8.3.4.6 Types.............................................................8.8.4.2 Valves, location and protection of ............................. 8.8.4.4 Preengineered systems ................................................5.3 Definition........................................................3.3.9.6 Pressuregauges ........................................................7.3 Pressure tanks ...............................................5.1.3, 6.2(3) Propylene glycol ....................................8.3.3.2.2 to 8.8.3.2.4 Public water supply (waterworks system) ....................6.2, A.6.2 Antifreeze solutions used with ...................8.3.3.2.2, 8.3.3.2.3 Pipe sizing ......................................... 8.4.4,, 8.4.5, A.8.4.4 Pumps....................................................... 5.1.3,A.4.2.1 Definition........................................................... Watersupply ...............................................6.2, A.6.2.1 Purpose of standard ............................................ 1.2,A.i.2 References.............................................Chap. 2, Annex B Residential sprinklers ........................................7.5.1, 7.5.2 Coverage ...........................................8.1.3.1,A.8.1.3.1.2 Definition ..................................8.3.8.2; see also Sprinklers Dry pipe and preaction systems .............................8.3.4.1.1 Obstructions to ..........................................8.2.5, A.8.2.5 Position of ...........................................8.2.1, 8.2.2, 8.2.4 Retroactivity of standard ..............................................1.3 Scope of standard .............................................. 1.1,A.1.1 Shall (definition) ......................................................3.2.5 Should (definition) ..................................................3.2.6 Shutoff valves .........................cc Control valves; Valves, Control Sidewall sprinklers Dry pipe and pendent systems ..............................8.3.4.1.1 Dry-sidewall sprinklers .....................................7.5.3, 8.3.2 Obstructions to ..................8.2.5.3, 8.2.5.5, 8.2.5.6.2, 8.2.5.6.3 Positionof .........................................................8.2.2 SI units ..................................................................1.5 Skylights, sprinklers under .................................7.5.5.3, 8.6.7 Smoke alarms/detectors ..................................4.7, 7.6, A.7.6 Soffits...............................................................8.2.5.6 Solvent cement .......................................................7.5.8 Sprinklers ........7.5, A.7.5.6; see also Pendent sprinklers; Residential sprinklers; Sidewall sprinklers Automatic (definition) .........................................3.3.8.1 Coverage ............................................. 8.1.3,A.8.1.3.1.2 For dry pipe and preaction systems ...........................8.3.4.1 Fused sprinklers, replacement of ........................... ...£5.1.1 Location ....................................................8.6, A.8.6.4 Non-residential ............................................i.3.2, 8.2.3 Number of design ....................................... 8.1.2,A.8.1.2 Obstructions .............................................8.2.5, A.4.2.1 Operating pressure ...............................................8.1.4 Painting and ornamental finishes ............7.5.6, A.4.2.1, A.7.5.6 Positioning .................................................8.2, A.8.2.5 Quick-response ....................................................7.5.4 Temperature ratings .........................................4.4, 7.5.5 Sprinkler systems ........see alcoAntifreezc systems; Dry pipe sprinkler systems; Preaction sprinkler systems Components ..........................Chap. 5; see also Piping; Valves Definition ........................................................3.3.9.7 Documentation of coverage ................................4.8, £4.8 Piping.........................................................seePiping Preengineered.......................................................5.3 Definition .....................................................3.3.9.6 Pressure (definition) ...........................................3.3.6.2 Types .................................................................8.3 Working pressure (Definition) ................................. Standard (definition) ................................................3.2.7 Steel piping .............................................Table 5.2.1, 5.2.3 Fittings.............................................................5.2.5 Pressure losses ..........................................Table 8.4.4(a) Sizing ....................................................Table 8.4.4(c) Supply pressure (definition) ......................................3.3.6.1 Supports, piping ..............................................7.4, A.7.4.4 System pressure (definition) ......................................3.3.6.2 System working pressure (Definition) ...........................3.3.6.3 -T- Tanks, water .....................................5.1.3, 6.2, A.4.2.1, £6.2 Temperature ratings, sprinklers ...............................4.4, 7.5.5 Tests ...............................................4.2.]; see also Fire tests Antifreeze systems ...............................................A.4:2.4 Hydrostatic ...................................................4.3, A.4.3 Waterfiow test connections ................. 4.2.1, 6.2.1, 7.2.4, 7.2.5, 8.3.4.3.2,A.6.2.1, A.7.2.4 Water supply pumps ..........................6.2.1, 6.2.2(1), A.6.2.1 Tube...................................................4.5; see also Piping -U- Unitsof measurement .................................................1.5 Upright sprinklers Dry pipe and preaction systems .............................8.3.4.1.1 Positionof .........................................................8.2.1 2007 Edition INDEX 13D.-35 Valves 7.1 Control......................................................6.3(5), 7.1 Definition ....................................... 3.3.1O.2,A.3.3.1O.2 Dry pipe and preaction systems ...............................8.3.4.4 Supervision ........................................................7.1.2 Waterfiow...........................................................5.1.3 Warning signs .......................................................6.3(5) Waterflow alarms ...............................7.2.4. 7.6, A.7.2.4, A.7.6 Definition.........................................................5.3.11 Waterfiow detectors .................................................5.1.3 Definition...........................................................5.12 Waterfiow test connections ....................4.2.1. 6.2.1, 7.2.4, 7.2.5, 8.3.4.3.2, A.6.2.1, A.7.2.4, A.7.6 Water meters, pressure losses in .........................Table 8.4.4(g) Water supply ......................Chap. 6; see also Public water supply Documentation ..............................................4.8, A.4.8 Domestic, shut off valves for ..............................7.1.1, 7.1.3 Dry pipe and preaction sprinklers, potable water supply used with ..........................................8.3.4.1.1 Manufactured homes ...............................................6.4 Multipurpose piping system ................................6.3, A.6.3 Sources.........................................................6.2, A.6.2 Stored water, use of ...........................6.1.2, 6.1.3, 6.2, A.6.2 Wells.................................................................6.2(5) Wet pipe sprinkler systems ................................8.3.1, A.8.3.1 Definition ........................................................3.3.9.8 I CouIW 1 2 3 4 5 6 09 08 07 06 2007 Edition 2001 CALIFORNIA FIRE CODE 103.1.2.1 (For SFMJ Request for alternate means ofprotection. Requests for approval to use an alternative material assembly or materials, equipment, method of construction, method of installa- tion of equipment, or means ofprotection shall be made in writing to the enforcing agency by the owner or the owner's authorized representative and shall be accompanied by afull statement of the conditions. Sufficient evidence or proof shall be submitted to sub- stantiate any claim that may be made regarding its conformance. The enforcing agency may require tests and the submission of a test report from an approved testing organization as set forth in Title 19, California code of Regulation, to substantiate the equiva- lency of the proposed alternative means ofprotection. The authority having jurisdiction may consider implementation of the findings and recommendations identified in a Risk Man- ageement Plan (RMP) as developed in accordance with Title 19, Division 2, Chapter 3, when evaluating requests for alternative means of protection. Approval of a request for use of an alternative material, assem- bly of materials, equipment, method of construction, method of installation of equipment, or means ofprotection made pursuant to these provisions shall be limited to the particular case covered by request and shall not be construed as establishing any prece- dent for any future request. 103.1.3 Practical difficulties. The chief is authorized to modify any of the provisions of this code upon application in writing by the owner, a lessee or a duly authorized representative where there are practical difficulties in the way of carrying out the provisions of the code, provided that the spirit of the code shall be complied with, public safety secured and substantial justice done. The par- ticulars of such modification and the decision of the chief shall be entered upon the records of thç department and a signed copy shall be furnished to the applicant. 103.1.4 Appeals. 103.1.4.1 To determine the suitability of alternate materials and types of construction and to provide for reasonable interpretations of the provisions of this code, there shall be and hereby is created a board of appeals consisting of five members who are qualified by experience and training to pass judgment upon pertinent matters. The chief shall be an ex officio member and shall act as secretary of the board. The board of appeals shall be appointed by the execu- tive body and shall hold office at their pleasure. The board shall adopt reasonable rules and regulations for conducting its inves- tigations and shall render decisions and findings in writing to the fire chief, with a duplicate copy to the appellant. 103.1.4.2 [For SFM] Appeals. When a request for an alternate means ofprotection has been denied by the enforcing agency, the applicant may file a written appeal to the state fire marshal for A- c consideration of the applicant's proposaL In considering such ap- peal, the state fire marshal may seek the advice of the State Board of Fire Services. The State Fire Marshal shall after considering all of the facts presented, including any recommendations of the CA-State board of Fire Services, determine if the proposal is for the A- purposes intended, at least equivalent to that specified in these A- regulations in quality, strength, effectiveness, fire resistance, du- A- rability and safety, and shall transmit such findings and any rec- ommendations to the applicant and to the enforcing agency. 103.1.5 Appendix. See Appendix VI-E for additional informa- tion related to inspection and enforcement. 103.2 Authority for Inspection and Enforcement. 103.2.1 Authority of the chief and the fire department. 103.1.2 103.3.1.2 103.2.1.1 General. The chief is authorized to administer and en- force this code. Under the chief's direction, the fire department is authorized to enforce all ordinances of the jurisdiction pertaining to; The prevention of fires, The suppression or extinguishment of dangerous or hazard- ous fires, The storage, use and handling of hazardous materials, The installation and maintenance of automatic, manual and other private fire alarm systems and fire-extinguishing equip- ment, The maintenance and regulation of fire escapes, The maintenance of fire protection and the elimination of fire hazards on land and in buildings, structures and other proper- ty, including those under construction, The maintenance of means of egress, and The investigation of the cause, origin and circumstances of fire and unauthorized releases of hazardous materials. For authority related to control and investigation of emergency scenes, see Section 104. 103.2.1.2 Fire prevention bureau personnel and police. The chief and members of the fire prevention bureau shall have the powers of a police officer in performing their duties under this code. When requested to do so by the chief, the chief of police is au- thorized to assign such available police officers as necessary to as- sist the fire department in enforcing the provisions of this code. 103.2.2 Organization of the fire prevention bureau. 103.2.2.1 General. A fire prevention bureau established within the fire department under the direction of the chief shall consist of fire department personnel assigned thereto by the chief. The func- tion of this bureau shall be to assist the chief in the administration and enforcement of the provisions of this code. 103.22.2 Fire marshal. The chief is authorized to designate a member of the fire department to exercise the powers and perform the duties of fire prevention engineer as set forth in this code. The fire prevention engineer could also be known as fire marshal. I033Inspectionttz' 103.3.1 General. 103.3.1.1 Authority to inspect. The fire prevention bureau shall inspect, -as. often as.necessary, buildings and premises, in- cluding sUclióther hazards or. appliances designated by the chief for the purpose of ascertaining and causing to be corrected any conditions which would reasonably tend to cause fire or contrib- ute to its spread, or any violation of the purpose or provisions of this code and of any other law or standard affecting fire safety. 103.3.1.2 Right of entry. Whenever necessary to make an in- spection to enforce any of the provisions of this code, or whenever the chief has reasonable cause to believe that there exists in any building or upon any premises any condition which makes such building or premises unsafe, the chief is authorized to enter such building or premises at all reasonable times to inspect the same or to perform any duty authorized by this code, provided that if such building or premises is occupied, the chief shall first present prop- er credentials and demand entry; and if such building or premises is unoccupied, the chief shall first make a reasonable effort to lo- cate the owner or other persons having charge or control of the building or premises and demand entry. If such entry is refused, 1-3 L7' okOIIQSD City of Carlsbad a 5 06 D amian Baumhover 117 NAcacia Avenue Solana Beach, CA 92075 SUBJECT: CDP 06-13 - CAMPBELL RESIDENCE 13 Thank you for applying for Land Use Permits in the City of Carlsbad. The Planning Department has reviewed your Coastal Development Permit, application no. CDP 06-13, as to its completeness for processing. The application is complete, as submitted. Although the initial processing of your application may have already begun, the technical acceptance date is acknowledged by the date of this communication. The City may, in the course of processing the application, request that you clarify, amplify, correct, or otherwise, supplement the basic information required for the application. In addition, you should also be aware that various design issues may exist. These issues must be addressed before this application can be scheduled for a hearing. The Planning Department will begin processing your application as of the date of this communication. Please contact your project planner, Pam Drew, at (760) 602-4644 or your project engineer, David Rick, at (760) 602-2781, if you have any questions or wish to set up a meeting to discuss the application. Sncerely, xi . DON NEU Assistant Planning Director DN:PD:bd c: Chris DeCerbo, Team Leader David Rick, Project Engineer ardGampbell, 7668 El Camino Real Ste. 104, Carlsbad, CA 92009 E11IGOTPV' ata Entry 1635 Faraday Avenue 9 Carlsbad, CA 92008-7314 • (760) 602-4600 • FAX (760) 602-8559 9 www.ci.carlsbad.ca.us I. CDP 06-13 - CAMPBELL R2SIDENCE May 25, 2006 Page 2 LIST OF ITEMS NEEDED TO COMPLETE THE APPLICATION Planning: None Engineering: None ISSUES OF CONCERN Planning: V i. Include on the site plan the permit type and number (CDP 06-13). Replace the preliminary application number (PRE 05-63) on Sheet I with CDP 06-13 and remove the word "preliminary" on all sheets. An ocean setback is based on a "string line" method of measurement. ---.No enclosed portions of a structure shall be permitted further seaward than the adjacent structure to the north and south: no decks or other appurtenances shall be permitted further seaward than those on the adjacent structures to the north and south. Depict the "stringlines" for like structures on the adjacent properties to the north and south. Include stringlines for the at-grade patio and stairs. 3. The maximum height of any wall or fence in the front yard setback is 42" per Carlsbad Municipal Code 21 .46.130. All existing non-conforming walls or fences in the front yard setback shall be modified to comply with this standard. ' O X \ J4 Depict the proposed retaining wall on the north elevation. ç(\> (i(2 Depict the existing and proposed grades on all elevations and cross-sections. 6.\')t Include on the site plan whether the existing retaining wall along the northern property V line is to remain or be removed. Engineering: Based on the quantities shown, a grading permit will be required. The project will be conditioned accordingly. On the preliminary grading plan: Add note to cross section B (northern Section) stating that fence repair or replacement "with property owner's approval". Clarify if stairs near proposed rip rap will be removed. C) Provide longitudinal cross section the length of the property between the house and south property line. CDP 06-13 - CAMPBELL RESIDENCE May 25, 2006 Page 3 There is a concern about the effectiveness of the rip rap and the potential erosion effects to the subject and southerly abutting property. It appears that the rip rap is mainly addressing the flow of water from the stairs/walkway. Explore other ways of dissipating and/or directing flow. away from the property line. Shouldn't flow be directed to BMP landscape area lawn area for treatment and energy dissipation? Although sheet flow over the top of slope are generally discouraged, if the quantity of water discharged is low, it might be the better option. Provide a copy of Certificate of Compliance Instrument No. 78-255386 as referenced in the legal description. In the soils report, provide an analysis of the life of the proposed structure due to impacts from slope erosion and/or failure caused by coastal waves. The Mello II Segment of the Local Coastal Plan requires that the structure be protected for 75 years or the designed life of the structure, whichever is greater, from slope/bluff failure. All roof drainage shall be collected by roof gutters and directed tothe street where possible. Add a note to the plan determining how much of the roof area will drain to the street. It appears to be feasible to direct 100% of the roof drainage to the street. Fire: Automatic fire sprinklers are required. The design standard shall be to NFPA 13D, which will require the installation of a one-inch or greater water meter. Planning Commission Minutes October 4, 2008 Page 1 Minutes of Time of Meeting: Date of Meeting: Place of Meeting: CALL TO ORDER PLANNING COMMISSION 6:00 P.M. October 4, 2006 COUNCIL CHAMBERS Planning Commission Vice Chairperson Baker called the Regular Meeting to order at 6:00 p.m. PLEDGE OF ALLEGIANCE Commissioner Segall led the Pledge of Allegiance. ROLL CALL Present: Vice Chairperson Baker, Commissioners Cardosa, Heineman, Segall, and Whitton Absent: Chairperson Montgomery and Commissioner Dominguez Staff Present: Don Neu, Assistant Planning Director Jane Mobaldi, Assistant City Attorney Michele Masterson, Management Analyst David Hauser, Deputy City Engineer Tom Zoll, Chief of Police Christer Westman, Senior Planner Van Lynch, Senior Planner Frank Jimeno, Associate Engineer David Rick, Assistant Engineer Chris Sexton, Planning Technician II Erin Endres, Planning Technician I APPROVAL OF MINUTES None. Vice Chairperson Baker directed everyone's attention to the slide on the screen to review the procedures the Commission, would be following for that evening's Public Hearing. PUBLIC COMMENTS ON ITEMS NOT LISTED ON THE AGENDA None. PUBLIC HEARINGS Vice Chairperson Baker opened the Public Hearing and asked Assistant Planning Director Don Neu to introduce the first item. CT 02-26x1ICUP 02-30x1 - SEASHORE ON THE SAND - Request for approval of a one- year extension for a Tentative Tract Map and a recommendation of approval of a Conditional Use Permit to allow the conversion of an existing 12-unit hotel into 7 timeshare units on property located at 2805 Ocean Street, in the Mello II Segment of the Local Coastal Program and Local Facilities Management Zone 1. CUP 06-12 - COUNTY OF SAN DIEGOISHERIFF'S DEPARTMENT - ENCINA - Request for approval of a Conditional Use Permit to allow the installation of Microwave Facilities at the Encina Power Station. The site is located on the northeast corner of Cannon Road and Carlsbad Boulevard, in the Agua Hedionda Segment of the Local Coastal Program and in Local Facilities Management Zone 3. Planning Commission Minutes October 4, 2006 Page 2 CDP 06-13 - CAMPBELL RESIDENCE - Request for approval of a Coastal Development Permit to allow for the demolition of an existing single-family residence and the construction of a single-family residence within the City's Coastal Zone located at 5003 Tierra Del Oro Street within the Mello II Segment of the Local Coastal Program (LCP) and Local Facilities Management Zone 3. Mr. Neu stated Items 1, 2, and 3 would normally be heard in a public hearing context; however, the projects appear to be minor and routine in nature with no outstanding issues and Staff recommends approval. He recommended that the public heanngs be opened and closed, and that the Commission proceed with a vote as consent Items, including the errata sheets, if any. Staff would be available to respond to questions if the Commission or someone from the public wished to pull the Items. Vice Chairperson Baker asked if any members of the Planning Commission wished to pull any of the items listed. Vice Chairperson Baker asked if any member of the audience wished to address Agenda Items 1, 2, and 3; seeing none, she opened and closed public testimony. Vice Chairperson Baker stated that two Commissioners were absent and all applicants would have the opportunity to continue the project agenda item until the next meeting or proceed with a decision being made by the five present Commissioners. MOTION ACTION: Motion by Commissioner Cardosa, and duly seconded, that the Planning Commission approve Items 1, 2, and 3. VOTE: 5-0 AYES: Vice Chairperson Baker, Commissioners Cardosa, Heineman, Segall, and Whitton NOES: None ABSENT: Chairperson Montgomery and Commissioner Dominguez Vice Chairperson Baker closed the Public Hearing on Items 1, 2, and 3 and asked Mr. Neu to introduce the next item. CDP 05-53 - MCCARTHY RESIDENCE - Request for approval of a Coastal Development Permit to allow for the demolition of an existing duplex and to construct two new' air-space condominiums on a 5,925-square-foot lot located on the west side of Carlsbad Boulevard, north and south of Shore Drive, in the Mello II Segment of the Local Coastal Program and local Facilities Management Zone 3. Mr. Neu introduced Agenda Item 4 and stated that Chris Sexton, Planning Technician II, would make the Staff presentation. Ms. Sexton gave a presentation and stated she would be available to answer any questions. Vice Chairperson Baker asked the applicant if she would like to give a presentation. Vice Chairperson Baker asked if the applicant wanted to proceed with the hearing with the reduced number of Commissioners present. The applicant's representative stated that she wished to proceed with her presentation. Caroline Dooley, Architect, 2979 State Street, Suite A, Carlsbad, made a brief presentation. Vice Chairperson Baker opened public testimony and asked if there was anyone in the audience who wished to speak on Agenda Item 4. Seeing none, she closed public testimony. Vice Chairperson Baker asked if there were any questions of the applicant. Planning Commission Minutes October 4, 2006 1Page 3 Commissioner Segall asked if the garage doors would be 8 or 9 feet wide. Ms. Dooley stated that the doors are 8 feet wide and, according to the garage door company, that is the standard width. Commissioner Segall asked if there is a post shown in the center. Ms. Dooley stated that there is a post shown in the center. Commissioner Segall asked Ms. Dooley if she is aware that most of the larger vehicles will not fit through an 8-foot-wide garage door. He stated that the Commission has been advising developers to make the garage doors 9 feet wide or one bigger garage door, otherwise, anyone with a larger vehicle will have to park outside of the garage. Ms. Dooley stated that the decision to use the selected garage doors was made to maintain the cottage look that was desired, breaking up the door with the post in the center is the traditional cottage style. She acknowledged her awareness of the difficulty that could be experienced by a larger vehicle entering the garage as shown. Ms. Dooley asked if enlarging the garage doors past 8 feet would be required by the City if the owner decided that they would like to keep the standard doors. Commissioner Segall stated he has raised this question in previous hearings and the developers and applicants continue to present designs with 8-foot-wide garage doors. He stated that in this case, he is unsure how he should respond to the applicant. Mr. Neu acknowledged previous discussions of this topic at previous meetings. He stated that the City standard addresses the garage interior dimensions only and no standard currently exists for the garage door width. He stated that the Commission has merely advised applicants in the past to use the larger garage door where possible. Mr. Neu stated that previously the Commission had asked Staff to bring the item back before the Commission for discussion and consideration on whether to bring the matter before the City Council for an amendment to the City Code with regard to garage door dimensions. To date the City standard addresses only the interior garage dimensions. Mr. Neu stated that it is his understanding that it is the Commission's discretion to require a larger garage opening. Commissioner Whitton asked what it would take to make the proposed garage door 1 foot wider, and if doing so would upset the architectural integrity and increase costs. Ms. Dooley stated that the post in the center adds to the structural character and adds to the desired cottage feel. She stated that there are only about 2% feet on either side of the garage door and this is necessary to avoid the placement of a steel structure. Ms. Dooley added that thought was given to this design and she would prefer using one larger door than two 9-foot doors due to the loss of structural stability in electing the latter. Vice Chairperson Baker asked if one of the proposed units is designated as owner-occupied and the other as a sale unit. Ms. Dooley responded affirmatively. Vice Chairperson Baker asked Commissioner Segall if his intention would be to hold up the project or vote no on it if the garage door width is not changed. Commissioner Segall stated that this is not his intention, but feels that consistency is important. He added that the Commission has been asking other developers to enlarge the garage door entrances if they can. The owner may have the intention of residing at the proposed site, but may sell it to someone who has a larger vehicle who ends up parking outside. He stated that he is requesting that the architect enlarge the garage door. Jane Mobaldi, Assistant City Attorney, added that the applicant is meeting the standards in the City code. The Commission can make a recommendation that the applicant enlarge the garage door in terms of marketability, etc., but she stated that she does not feel it is in the purview of the Commission to mandate that change because the applicant is meeting City standards. Ms. Mobaldi reminded the Commission that it is a Coastal Development Permit before them tonight which is really more concerned with public access, public views, geological stability, etc. Vice Chairperson Baker thanked Ms. Mobaldi and asked if there were any further questions of Staff. Planning Commission Minutes October 4, 2006 Page 4 MOTION ACTION: Motion by Commissioner Cardosa, and duly seconded, that the Planning Commission adopt Planning Commission Resolution No. 6160 approving COP 05-53, based on the findings and subject to the conditions contained therein. VOTE: 5-0 AYES: Vice Chairperson Baker, Commissioners Cardosa, Heineman, Segall, and Whitton NOES: None ABSENT: Chairperson Montgomery and Commissioner Dominguez Vice Chairperson Baker closed the Public Hearing on Item 4 and asked Mr. Neu to introduce the next item. 5. GPA 06-0I2C 06-0113112P 06-03 - FENTON CARLSBADL RESEARCH CENTER - Request for a recommendation of adoption of a Negative Declaration and a recommendation of approval for a General Plan Amendment to change the General Plan Land Use Element designation from Planned Industrial to Office and a Zone Change to change the Zoning from Planned Industrial to Office and a request for approval of a Site Development Plan to develop a 3.5-acre parcel with a 40,655-square-foot medical office building generally located on the west side of El Camino Real between College Boulevard and Faraday Avenue in Local Facilities Management Zone 5. Mr. Neu introduced Agenda Item 5 and stated that Senior Planner Van Lynch assisted by Associate Engineer Frank Jimeno would make the Staff presentation. Vice Chairperson Baker opened the Public Hearing on Item 5. Mr. Lynch gave a presentation and stated he would be available to answer any questions. Vice Chairperson Baker asked the applicant if they wanted to proceed with the reduced number of Commissioners present. The applicant confirmed that he would. Vice Chairperson Baker asked if there were any questions of Staff. Commissioner Segall stated that Salk Avenue appears to be offset in the first drawing in the presentation and asked if that was merely an aberration in the drawing of an intentional offset. Mr. Lynch stated that the offset appearance was due to the drawing and Salk Avenue would not actually be offset. Commissioner Segall asked if there Is a wall to the north of this project that was constructed as a protective measure for flowers. Mr. Lynch stated the wall is being constructed to protect the Thread Leaved Brodiaea flower. Commissioner Segall asked if the wall and the flowers are located in the field to the north and if it would remain undisturbed and intact Mr. Lynch stated it would be left as open space as a natural preserve and managed as an open space area. Commissioner Segall asked about the airport influence zone and its effect on the assembly of individuals in groups of over 100. Mr. Lynch explained that the airport authority would be concerned with an aggregate mass of individuals in excess of 100 as opposed to being disbursed throughout the facility. If there were some kind of catastrophic event, the risk would increase with concentrated groups of people. Vice Chairperson Baker asked to view the previous slide showing the complete layout of the Fox Miller property. She asked Mr. Lynch to identify the current construction and the flower protection wall in relationship to this property. Mr. Lynch pointed out the location of the wall as wrapping around the entrance at Salk Avenue and continuing north on El Camino Real. Planning Commission Minutes October'4, 2006 Page 5 Vice Chairperson Baker asked if Salk Avenue was graded and Mr. Lynch confirmed that most of the mass grading has been completed. Vice Chairperson asked the applicant if he would like to make a presentation. Alan Jones, HG Fenton Company, 7577 Mission Valley Road, San Diego, California, 92108, gave a presentation and stated he was available to answer any questions that Staff or the Commissioners may have. Vice Chairperson Baker asked if there were any questions for the applicant Vice Chairperson Baker opened public hearing and asked if there were any questions from the audience: seeing none, she opened and closed public testimony. MOTION ACTION: Motion by Commissioner Cardosa, and duly seconded, that the Planning Commission Adopt Planning Commission Resolution No. 6164 Recommending Adoption of a Negative Declaration and Adopt Planning Commission Resolutions No. 6165 and No. 6166 Recommending Approval of General Plan Amendment 06-01 and Zone Change 06-01 and Adopt Planning Commission Resolution No. 6167 Approving Site Development Permit 06-03 based on the findings and subject to the conditions contained therein also including the presented errata sheet. VOTE: 5-0 AYES: Vice Chairperson Baker, Commissioners Cardosa, Heineman, Segall, and Whitton NOES: None ABSENT: Chairperson Montgomery and Commissioner Dominguez Vice Chairperson Baker closed the Public Hearing on Item 5 and asked Mr. Neu to introduce the next item. 6. DI 06-01 - BRESSI LANDSCAPE AT PARIECR - Discussion of the landscape improvements for Bressi Ranch at the southeast corner of Palomar Airport Road and El Camino Real in Local Facilities Management Zone 17. Mr. Neu introduced Agenda Item 6 and stated that Senior Planner Christer Westman would make the Staff presentation. Vice Chairperson Baker opened the Public Hearing on Item 6. Mr. Westman gave a presentation and stated he would be available to answer any questions. Vice Chairperson Baker asked if there were any questions of Staff. Commissioner Segall asked about the monuments associated with this project and the possible conflicts with the self-storage facility and the integration of the area. Vice Chairperson Baker asked if there was previous concern over large self-storage signage on the side of the building. Commission Segall stated that those were previous concerns which had been addressed. The current concern is with the Bressi monuments. There are several elements that could be merged together to show what the intersection will ultimately look like, but stated he is unsure whether anything requires approval. Commissioner Heineman stated that he feels any decision would be premature without a visual picture to review. He added that if any decision is going to be made, there is time to wait for a graphic display. Planning Commission Minutes October 4, 2006 Page 8 Vice Chairperson Baker stated it is her understanding this has been decided upon and is just coming back for additional comments and asked Mr. Neu if that was correct. Mr. Neu stated the last discussion was with regard to concern for the quality of the improvements. The main reason for bringing this item back to the Commission was for discussion and to ascertain if it should be brought to Council to request the initiation of an amendment to the master plan that would require the developer to perform enhancements to this corner. Mr. Neu reiterated what Mr. Westman had explained about the submission of the proposal to improve this area beyond what the original tentative map landscape plans called for. Staff feels these plans would be of the quality that could be supported. The difficulty in requesting that the Council amend the master plan is that it is not a good mechanism to require the developer to return to this corner because the tentative map has been approved and there is not a clear next step in the logical progression. The applicant is being forward-thinking in trying to address this. He stated Staff has worked with The Olympic Resort at the opposite corner to coordinate some of the landscaping elements and try to create a unified theme at the intersection. Commissioner Whitton asked about a previous concern of Commissioner Cardosa with regard to the trees. Commissioner Cardosa stated that the issue has been addressed and Is reflected in the current renderings. Vice Chairperson Baker asked Commissioner Cardosa if he feels that the plant pallet would be successful in this location. Commissioner Cardosa stated that he believes it would be very nice, but has more concern that The Olympic Resort would be willing to do something similar. Mr. Neu stated that the City has received an application from the Pacific Athletic Club to utilize some property at that location and Staff is working with them to incorporate some of these elements. Mr. Neu added the application will come before the Commission at a later date providing an opportunity to compare the two sides to ensure that it meets the desires of the Commission in terms of the corner as a whole. Commissioner Segall asked how this will integrate with what has already been approved in terms of the tree height and the self-storage facility. He stated that he does not have a visual to rely on and can not make any determinations. Commissioner Heineman stated that he concurs and without any visual aid cannot offer any opinion. Commissioner Whitton concurs, particularly on eastbound Palomar Airport Road toward San Marcos. He stated the trees appear to be fine, but the height cannot be determined as compared to the hill that is there. Mr. Westman stated that his understanding of the purpose of this discussion is to determine whether or not some formal action should be taken to allow the Planning Commission to review and approve the landscape plan. As it currently stands, approval would require only Staff review of the construction change process. He suggested that the discussion tonight include considering providing some input to Staff in their review. For example, if the Commission is concerned about possible obstruction of the buildings by the landscaping or that the landscaping provides identity and enhancement to the new project, direction could be provided to Staff by the Planning Commission. Commissioner Segall stated that he cannot comment without any visual aids and has no opinion. Mr. Neu stated that as part of the self-storage application the Commission did review and approve the concept landscape plans; that area is outside of the major setbacks on the Bressi Ranch Industrial Park. He stated that he concurs with Mr. Westman that the landscape plans beyond the conceptual are usually reviewed by the City's landscape architect and the City relies on that individual to coordinate the planting pallets and on this revision they would also be reviewing that. Mr. Neu added that the Commission typically does not get too involved in this area. The initial concern had to do with how the grading on the corner elevated the topography in that area and the need to treat it adequately so that the corner maintained aesthetic appeal. From the Staff's perspective, that has been accomplished. Planning Commission Minutes October 4, 2006 Page 7 Mr. Neu stated that the intent for bringing this back to the Commission was to determine if the Commission wanted to initiate a master plan amendment that could create a requirement that the applicant enhance the corner. The applicant has already begun this process and an amendment is not necessary. Vice Chairperson Baker asked if the applicant submitted a more enhanced landscape plan as a result of the Commission's discussion in hope that the Commission's fears would be allayed. Mr. Westman stated that it was coincidental timing and several discussions had taken place between Staff and the applicant with regard to the corner and the landscape plans prior to the Commission's initial discussion on the corner improvements. Commissioner Segall stated that he feels the Commission does not have to take any action. Commissioner Whitton concurs. Vice Chairperson Baker asked if the Commission was in agreement and whether a motion would be necessary. Vice Chairperson Baker asked if anyone in the audience wished to speak on this item; seeing none, she opened and closed public testimony. PLANNING COMMISSION COMMENTS Commissioner Segall asked for further discussion with regard to the width of garage doors. He cited future projects and his feeling that this issue will resurface. He re-stated his position that the larger vehicles do not fit through an 8-foot garage door. Mr. Neu stated that this issue of garage door width has been previously discussed, but due to time constraints it has not become a formal agenda item. ASSISTANT PLANNING DIRECTOR COMMENTS None CITY ATTORNEY COMMENTS Ms. Mobaldi asked Staff to bring the garage door item back before the Commission as a discussion item to determine whether or not to forward it to Council for consideration. Ms. Mobaldi stated that she has presented the Commission with a copy of a draft ordinance from the City Attorney that is under consideration. The ordinance would change the composition of the Personnel Board from an individually appointed member board to a capacity appointed board which has members from other commissions. The reason for the proposal is that the infrequency of the meetings negates the need for an individually appointed board. The recommendation is that two members on the new personnel board would be Planning Commission members. Commissioner Heineman commented that the committees that are made up of people from other committees are sometimes a problem to maintain. Putting into place another committee with the same type of volunteer staffing would multiply the problem. Ms. Mobaldi asked Commissioner Heineman to be more specific with regard to the type of problems he was referring to. Commissioner Heineman stated that he was referring to volunteers being able to maintain their positions. He added that as an example he offers the issues facing the Design Review Board. Commissioner Whitton stated that he thinks this is a good option for the Personnel Board due to the infrequency of the meetings. He does not believe it would be burdensome. Planning Commission Minutes October 4, 2006 Page 8 'lice Chairperson Baker asked when a decision would be required. Ms. Mobaldi stated that no decision is necessary. She added that she would pass the Commissioner's feedback on to the City Attorney and at some point it would come before the City Council. ADJOURNMENT MOTION By proper motion, the regular meeting of the Planning Commission of October 4, 2006, was adjourned at a: ?'00L DON NEU Assistant Planning Director Michelle Gregory Minutes Clerk tqC01R,. & Building Products Technical Services: Tel: (600) 381-9312 I Fax: (800) 791-5500 ,a rapid response HOME FIRE SPRINKLER SYSTEM Series LFII Residential Concealed Pendent Sprinklers, Flat Plate 4.9 K-factor General DescriptiOn The. Series LFII (TY3596) Residential Concealed Pendent Sprinklers are decorative, fast response, fusible sol- der sprinklers designed for use In resi- dential occupancies such as homes, apartments, dormitories, and hotels. The cover plate assembly conceals the sprinkler operating components above the ceiling. The flat profile of the cover plate provides the optimum aes- thetically appealing sprinkler design. In addition, the concealed design of the Series LFII (TY3596) provides 1/2 inch (12,7 mm) vertical adjustment. This adjustment reduces the accuracy to which the fixed pipe drops to the sprinklers must be cut to help assure a perfect fit Installation. The Series LFII are to be used in wet pipe residential sprinkler systems for one- and two-family dwellings and mo- bile homes per NFPA 1313; wet pipe residential sprinkler systems for resi- dential occupancies up to and includ- ing four stories in height per NFPA 13R; or, wet pipe sprinkler systems for the residential portions of any occu- pancy per NFPA 13. The Series LFII (TY3596) has a 4.9 (60.5) K-factor that provides the re- quired residential flow rates at reduced IMPORTANT Always refer to Technical Data Sheet TFP700 for the INSTALLER WARNING that provides cautions with respect to handling and instal- lation of sprinkler systems and com- ponents. Improper handling and in- stallation can permanently damage a sprinkler system or its compo- nents and cause the sprinkler to fail to operate in a fire situation or cause it to operate prematurely. Page 1 of 4 pressures, enabling smaller pipe sizes and water supply requirements. The Series LFII (TY3596) has been designed with heat sensitivity and water distribution characteristics proven to help In the control of residen- tial fires and to improve the chance for occupants to escape or be evacuated. The Series L.FIl (TY3596) Residential Concealed Pendent Sprinklers are shipped with a Disposable Protective Cap. The Protective Cap is temporarily removed for installation, and th can be replaced to help protectM sprinkler while the ceiling Is being In- stalled or finished. The tip of the Pro- tective Cap can also be used tomasI the center of the ceiling hole into plas ter board, ceiling tiles, etc. by gently pushing the ceiling product against the Protective Cap. When the ceiling in- stallation is complete the Protective Cap is removed and the Cover Plate Assembly installed. WARNINGS The Series LFII (TY3596) Residential Concealed Pendent Sprinklers de- scribed herein must be Installed and maintained in compliance with this document, as well as with the applica- ble standards of the National Fire Pro- tection Association, In addition to the standards of any other authorities hav- ing jurisdiction. Failure to do so may Impair the performance of these de- vices. The owner Is responsible for maintain- ing their fire protection system and de- vices In proper operating condition. The installing contractor or sprinkler manufacturer should be contacted with any questions. SprinklerNodel Identification Number SIN TY3596 JANUARY, 2006 0 AS SUBMITTED IIC IVII'4 I Technical Data Vertical Adjustment: 1/2 inch (12,7 mm) - Finishes: Cover Plate: - Flat White, Bright Whité,,Chrome, or Custom Physical Characteristics: Body ........ ... .....Brass Cap . Bronze Saddle .............. Brass Sealing Assembly . ... . - ..... Beryllu,m Nickel w/ Teflont Soldered Link H8lyes . -.,. . . Nickel Lever ....................Bronze Compression Screw . . . Brass Deflector . . --! . Copper or Brass Guide Pin Housing .j... Bronze W Lt - TFP442 Approvals: UL and C-UL Listed. Maximum Working Pressure: 175 psi (12,1 bar) Discharge Coefficient: K = 4.9 GPM/psi"2 (70,6 LPM/bar112) Temperature Rating: 160'F171°C Sprinkler with 135°F1579C Cover Plate These plans have heeti reviewed for apparent compliance with the current applicable codes and siatidard in force in the jurisdiction. The owner or contractor nas tiitliie this review in support of an application for a htuihuing permit with the express understanding that this res ie in no way relieves the owner or contractor or their professional engineer or architect for sc'ile responsibility for full compliance with said codes and standards. including the building code or for any responsihilty for deficiencies, errors, omissions or negligence in these plans whether or not noted in this review. Date; i2ft5'O7 Reviewer: RECOMMEND APPROVAL EJ RECOMMEND APPROVAL. AS NOTED Page 2 of 4 TFP442 Minimum Flow (b) and Maximum Maximum Residual Pressure Coverage Spacing For Horizontal Ceiling Area (°) Ft. (Max. 2 Inch RI.. Ft. x Ft. (m) for 12 inch Run) (m x m) 160°F171°C Sprinkler 12*12 12 13 GPM (49,2 LPM) (3,7 x 3,7) (3,7) 7.0 psi (0,48 bar) 14x14 14 13 GPM (53,OLPM) (4,3*4,3) (4,3) 7.0 psi (0,48 bar) 16*16 16 13 GPM (60.6 LPM) (4.9 x 4,9) (4,9) 7.0 psi (0,48 bar) 18*18 18 I7 GPM (64,3LPM) (5,5 x 5,5) (5,5) 12.0 psi (0.83 bar) 20 x 20 20 20 GPM (75,7 LPM) (6,1)6,1) (6.1) 16.7 psi (1,l5bar) For coverage area dimensions less than or between those indicated, it is necessary to use the minimum required flow for the next highest coverage area for which hydraulic design criteria are stated. Requirement is based on minimum flow in GPM (LPM) from each sprinkler. The associated residual pressures are calculated using the nominal K-factor. Refer to Hydraulic Design Criteria Section for details. TABLE A NFPA 130 AND NFPA 13R WET PIPE HYDRAULIC DESIGN CRITERIA FOR THE SERIES LFII (TY3596) RESIDENTIAL CONCEALED PENDENT SPRINKLER Guide Pins ......Stainless Steel Support Cup ..........Steel Cover Plate ..........Copper Retainer ............Brass Cover Plate Ejection Spring ..... .Stainless Steel tDuPont Registered Trademark Operation When exposed to heat from a fire, the Cover Plate, which is normally sol- dered to the Support Cup at three points, fails away to expose the Sprin- kler Assembly. At this point the Deflec- tor supported by the Arms drops down to its operated position. The fusible link of the Sprinkler Assembly is com- prised of two link halves that are sol- dered together with a thin layer of sol- der. When the rated temperature is reached, the solder meitsand the two link halves separate allowing the sprin- kler to activate and flow water. Design Criteria The Series LFli (1Y3596) Residential Concealed Pendent Sprinklers are UL and C-UL Listed for installation in ac- cordance with the following criteria. NOTE When conditions exist that are outside the scope of the provided criteria,refer to the Residential Sprinkler Design Guide TFP490 for the manufacturer's recommendations that may be accept- able to the Authority Having Jurisdic- tion. System Type. Only wet pipe systems may be utilized. Hydraulic Design. The minimum re- quired sprinkler flow rate for systems designed to NFPA 13D or NFPA 13R are given in Table A as a function of temperature rating and the maximum allowable coverage areas. The sprin- kler flow rate is the minimum required discharge from each of the total number of "design sprinklers" as specified in NFPA 13D or NFPA 13R. For systems designed to NFPA 13, the number of design sprinklers is to be the four most hydraulically demanding sprinklers. The minimum required dis- charge from each of the four sprinklers Is to be the greater of the following: The flow rates given in Table A for NFPA 13D and 13R as a function of temperature rating and the maxi- mum allowable coverage area. A minimum discharge of 0.1 gpm/sq.' ft. over the "design area" comprised of the four most hydraulically de- manding sprinklers for the actual coverage areas being protected oy the four sprinklers. Obstruction To Water Distribution. Locations of sprinklers are to be in accordance with the obstruction rules of NFPA 13 for residential sprinklers. Operational Sensitivity. The sprin- klers are to be installed relative to the ceiling mounting surface as shown in Figure 3. Sprinkler Spacing. The minimum spacing between sprinklers is 8 feet (2,4 m). The maximum spacing be- tween sprinklers cannot exceed the length of the coverage area (Ref. Ta- ble A) being hydraulically calculated (e.g., maximum 12 feet for a 12 ft. x 12 ft. coverage area, or 20 feet for a 20 ft. x 20 ft. coverage area). Installation The Series LFil (TY3596) must be in- stalled in accordance with the follow- ing instructions: NOTES Damage to the fusible Link Assembly during installation can be avoided by handling the sprinkler by the support cup only (i.e., do not apply pressure to the fusible link Assembly). A leak tight 1/2 inch NPT sprinkler joint should be obtained with a torque of 7 to 14 ft.lbs. (9,5 to 19,0 Nm). A maxi- 03/17/2005 09:53 7148792165 FIRE SPEC INC PAGE 03 QUICK RESPONSE of L AUTOMATIC SPRIN*LRRS FIRE SPRINKLER GL SERIEs CORPORATION UPRJGHT.FENDENT VERTICAL SLOE WALL HORIZONTAL SIDE WA 12 DESCPJPTIONAND OPiza'IoN CoNvImJrIoML (OLD STYLE) The Globe Quick Response GL Series Sprinklers are a low profile yet durable design which udles a 3mm frangible glass ampule as the thermosensidve element. Na provides sprinkler operation approximately sac times faster than ordinary sprinklers. While the Quick Response Sprinkler provid.sin aesthetically phasing appear- ance, It can be installed wherever standard spray sprinklers are spscified when allowed by the applicable stsndards. It offers the additional Future of greatly Increased safety to lIf, and Is available In various style; orifices. temperature ratings and finishes to meet many varying design requirements. Quick Response Sprinklers QUICK RI5PONSI should be used advisedly and under the direction of approving umowr CONVENTIONAL authorities having jurisdiction. The heart of Globes GL. Series sprinkler proven actuating assembly Is a hermetically sealed frangible glass ampule that contains a precisely measured amount of fluid. When heat I; absorbed, the liquid within the bulb expand; Increasing the internal pressure. At the prescribed temperature the internal pressure within the ampule exceeds the iwsngsh of the glass causing the glass to shatter. This results in water discharge which is distributed in an approved pattern depending upon the deflector style used. QUICK RESPONSE TECHNICAL DATA PENDENT VERTICAL See reverse side for Approvals and Specifications. swawAu. Temperature Ratings - 135°F (57°C). 155'F (68°C). 175°F (79°C). 200°F (93°C). 286°F (141°C). Water Working PressureRating 175 psi (12 Bars). Factory tested hydrostatically to 500 psi (34 Bars). .1(30 Maximum low temperature glass bulb rating Is .67°F (-55°C). Frame - bronze • Deflector- brass • Screw - brass Bulb seat - copper • Spring - nickel alloy • Seal - teflon QUICK RESPONSE Bulb glass with alcohol based solution. 3mm size. HORIZONTAL SIDEWALL CLASSIFICATION AVAILABLE SPRINKLER BULB I N.,MA. MAXIMUM TEMPERATURES j - COLOR CEILING TEMPERATURE ORDINARY ORANGEIReO INTERMEDIATE MYELLOWIGREEN 4077 IJRPAM DRIVE. £TANDm4, MICIECAN *51 919.146.4583 • FAX 9*9.1464131 JUNE 2003 A40 BULLETIN GUS IS, REV. 05 .HYDRONICS: RESIDENTIAL FIRE SPRINKLER HYDRAULICS 4.31 - SUBMITTAL. ENGINEERS : PREMIER FIRE PROTECTION. (619)-659-9795. ADDRESS : 12651 Ridgeton Drive, Lakeside CA 92040. LICENSE : 772285 DESIGNER : STEVE PETRI DATE : 11-26-2007 FILE : CAMPBELL JOB NAME : CAMPBELL RES.TWO HEAD CALC 16 X 16 LOCATION : 5003 TIERRA DEL ORO DESIGN DATA. DESIGN CRITERION: MIN SPR FLOW AREA PER SPRINKLER TOTAL CALCULATED AREA TOTAL SPRINKLERS CALCULATED TWO HEAD CALC 16 X 16 13 Gpm 256 Sq Ft 512 Sq Ft 2 FLOW DATA. TOTAL SPRINKLER FLOW DOMESTIC DEMAND TOTAL WATER REQUIRED BASE OF RISER NODE: B 26.1 Gpm 5.0 Gpm 31.1 Gpm FLOW: 31.1 Gpm PRESSURE: 28.7 Psi AUTHORITY HAVING JURISDICTION : CARLSBAD FIRE PHONE HYDRONICS: RESIDENTIAL FIRE SPRINKLER HYDRAULICS 4.31 - SUBMITTAL. ENGINEERS : PREMIER FIRE PROTECTION. (619)-659-9795. ADDRESS : 12651 Ridgeton Drive, Lakeside CA 92040. Date: 11-26-2007 File: C:\WINDOWS\CAMPBELL.RES JOB : CAMPBELL RES.TWO HEAD CALC 16 X 16 Page 1 SOURCE I STATIC : 98.0 Psi RESIDUAL : 97.0 Psi FLOW : 26 Gpm DESIGN I SPRINKLER MANUF : TYCO MODEL : LF11 4.9 I SPRINKLER Q : 13.0 Gpm VALVE : .0 Psi I SPRINKLER P : 7.0 Psi METER : 6.0 Psi NODE ELEVATION K- PRESSURE DISCHARGE NO. Feet ----------------------------------------------------------- FACTOR Psi Gpm 1 19.0 4.9 7.1 13.1 2 19.0 4.9 7.1 13.0 3 19.0 7.4 4 19.0 11.2 5 10.0 18.3 6 10.0 20.8 T 10.0 22.1 B .0 28.7 5.0 DOME A .0 35.5 M .0 38.0 S .0 SOURCE 47.5 31.1 SPRINKLERS FLOWING : 2 AREA PER SPRINKLER : 256 Sq Ft TOTAL DESIGN AREA : 512 Sq Ft MIN SPRINKLER FLOW : 13 Gpm REQUIRED DENSITY : .051 Gpm/Sq Ft COMPUTED DENSITY : .051 Gpm/Sq Ft TOTAL SPRINKLER FLOW : 26.1 Gpm TOTAL DOMESTIC FLOW : 5 Gpm TOTAL WATER REQUIRED : 31.1 Gpm TOTAL SPRINKLER PRESS : 41.5 Psi WATER METER LOSS : 6.0 Psi VALVE FIXED LOSS : .0 Psi Copyright (2003) SUPPLY PRESS AVAILABLE : 96.6 Psi by DEMAND PRESS REQUIRED : 47.5 Psi Hydronics Engineering PRESSURE CUSHION : 49.1 Psi 34119 Fremont Bi, Suite 609 Fremont, Ca., 94555 MAXIMUM VELOCITY : 12.1 F/S (510) 487-9160 HYDRONICS: RESIDENTIAL FIRE SPRINKLER HYDRAULICS 4.31 - SUBMITTAL. Page 2 ENGINEERS : PREMIER FIRE PROTECTION. (619)-659-9795. ADDRESS : 12651 Ridgeton Drive, Lakeside CA 92040. Date: 11-26-2007 File: C:\WINDOWS\CAMPBELL.RES JOB : CAMPBELL RES.TWO HEAD CALC 16 X 16 PIPE BEG FLOW K-FACTOR LENGTH C-FACTOR PRESSURE NO. Gpm FITTING TYPE FTG FR- LOSS Psi END DIAMETER TOTAL (Psi/Ft) 1 q= 13.1 K= 4.9 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- L= 4.0 Pt 7.1 Pt 7.1 1 Q= 13.1 F= B F= 5.0 C= 150 Pe .0 Pv -.1 Vel= 4.4 D= 1.101TL= 9.0 .031 Pf .3 Pn 7.0 3 Pt 7.4 2 q= 13.0 K= 4.9 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- L= 6.0 Pt 7.1 Pt 7.1 2 Q= 13.0 F= B F= 5.0 C= 150 Pe .0 Pv -.1 Vel= 4.4 D= 1.101 TL= 11.0 .0307 Pf .3 Pn 6.9 3 Pt 7.4 3 q= .0 K= .0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- L= 27.0 Pt 7.4 Pt 7.4 3 Q= 26.1 F= BRR F= 7.0 C= 150 Pe .0 Pv -.5 Vel= 8.8 D= 1.101 TL= 34.0 .1112 Pf 3.8 Pn 6.9 4 Pt 11.2 4 q= .0 K= .0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- L= 12.0 Pt 11.2 Pt 11.2 4 Q= 26.1 F= BBL F= 17.0 C= 150 Pe 3.9 Pv -.5 Vel= 8.8 D= 1.101 TL= 29.0 .1112 Pf 3.2 Pn 10.7 5 Pt 18.3 5 q= .0 K= .0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- L= 15.0 Pt 18.3 Pt 18.3 5 Q= 26.1 F= BRR F= 7.0 C= 150 Pe .0 Pv -.5 Vel= 8.8 D= 1.101 TL= 22.0 .1112 Pf 2.4 Pn 17.8 6 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Pt 20.8 6 q= .0 K= .0 L= 5.0 Pt 20.8 Pt 20.8 6 Q= 26.1 F= L F= 7.0 C= 150 Pe .0 Pv -.5 Vel= 8.8 D= 1.101 TL= 12.0 .1112 Pf 1.3 Pn 20.3 T Pt 22.1 T q= .0 K= .0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- L= 10.0 Pt 22.1 Pt 22.1 7 Q= 26.1 F= SCRR F= 10.0 C= 150 Pe 4.3 Pv -.5 Vel= 8.8 D= 1.101 TL= 20.0 .1112 Pf 2.2 Pn 21.6 B Pt 28.7 B q= 5.0 DOME -------------------------------------------------------------------------- L= 5.0 Pt 28.7 Pt 28.7 8 Q= 31.1 F= LLLB F= 26.0 C= 150 Pe .0 Pv -1.0 Vel= 12.1 D= 1.025 TL= 31.0 .2178 Pf 6.8 Pn 27.7 A Pt 35.5 A q= .0 K= .0 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- L= 80.0 Pt 35.5 Pt 35.5 9 Q= 31.1 F= LLEECC F= 18.0 C= 150 Pe .0 Pv -.2 Vel= 5.0 D= 1.59 TL= 98.0 .0257 Pf 2.5 Pn 35.3 M Pt 38.0 HYDRONICS: RESIDENTIAL FIRE SPRINKLER HYDRAULICS 4.31 - SUBMITTAL. Page 3 14 ENGINEERS : PREMIER FIRE PROTECTION. (619)-659-9795. ADDRESS : 12651 Ridgeton Drive, Lakeside CA 92040. Date: 11-26-2007 File: C:\WINDOWS\CAMPBELL.RES JOB : CAMPBELL RES.TWO HEAD CALC 16 X 16 PIPE BEG FLOW K-FACTOR LENGTH C-FACTOR PRESSURE NO. Gpm FITTING TYPE FTG FR- LOSS Psi END DIAMETER TOTAL (Psi/Ft) M q= .0 K= .0 ------------------------------------------------------------------------------- L= 10.0 Pt 38.0 Pt 38.0 10 Q= 31.1 F= GB F= 6.0 C= 150 Pe .0 Pv -1.0 Vel= 12.1 D= 1.025 TL= 16.0 .2178 Pf 3.5 Pn 37.0 S Pt 41.5 -------------------------------------------------------------------------- Meter = 6.0 S 0= 31.1 <<< -------------------------------------------------------------------------- -------------------------------------------------------------------------- SOURCE >>> Pt 47.5 E=>45-Elb L=>90-Elb B=>TeeBch R=>TeeRun C=>CouPlg S=>SwgChk G=>GatVlv HYDRONICS: RESIDENTIAL FIRE SPRINKLER HYDRAULICS 4.2 - SUBMITTAL. ENGINEERS : PREMIER FIRE PROTECTION. (619)-659-9795. ADDRESS : 12651 Ridgeton Drive, Lakeside CA 92040. DATE : 11-26-2007 FILE : C:\WINDOWS\CAI4PBELL.RES JOB : CAMPBELL RES.TWO HEAD CALC 16 X 16 PSI FIRE SPRINKLER HYDRAULIC GRAPH lOO i 1 1 I I 9 8 7 6 -I I I I I 10 15 20 25 0 Supply Curve Static : 98.0 Resid : 97.0 Flow : 26.0 30 35 40 45 50 FLOW - Gpm Demand Curve Avl Pr : 96.6 @ 31 Req Pr : 47.5 @ 31 Pr Cush: 49.1 Copyright: Hydronics Engineering, 2003. 34119 Fremont Bi, Suite 609, Fremont, CA. 94555. (510) 487-9160.