HomeMy WebLinkAboutEIA 97-05; SOUTH AGUA HEDIONDA INTERCEPTOR SEWER REACH 1E; ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL FIELD CHECK OF TWO SEWER LINE SEGMENTS (SAHT1E & SAHT1D); 1997-07-28Affinis
Shadow Valley Center • 847 Jamacha Rood • El Cajon, California 92019 • (619) 441-0144
July 28, 1997
Mr. William Plummer, P. E.
Carlsbad Municipal Water District
5950 El Camino Real
Carlsbad, CA 92008
REFERENCE: RESULTS OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND BIOLOGICAL FIELD
CHECK OF TWO PLANNED SEWER LINE SEGMENTS (SAHTlE
AND SAHTlD) (Affinis Job No. 1231)
This letter report details the findings of a field check of two planned segments of sewer located
in Carlsbad, California (Figure 1). The sewer segments are in an unsectioned portion of
Township 11 South, Range 4 West, on the USGS 7.5' San Luis Rey quadrangle (Figure 2). The
study was conducted for the Carlsbad Municipal Water District as part of the planned
construction of the South Agua Hedionda Trunk Sewer (SAHTS). The two segments examined
are portions of reaches SAHTlE and SAHTlD.
Precise sewer alignments have not been designated, but the corridors examined in this study are
anticipated to approximate final sewer line routes. The purpose of this study was to assess the
sewer routes for their potential for archaeological and biological resources at the Initial Study
level, and to identify possible areas of constraints for the placement of the sewer alignments.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The two rsegments field checked are part of the proposed SAHTS currently under study. The
SAHTS would receive flows from existing and future land developments in the tributary area.
The two subject segments would ultimately tie into existing sewer segments at Palmer Way and
El Camino Real. Additionally, both segments would tie into sewer improvements planned as
part of the proposed Terraces project, which lies between the two reaches. Both segments are
situated in disturbed settings; a 30 ft easement for equipment access along each corridor would
be necessary.
The westernmost of the two segments, part of SAHTlE, is approximately 3625 ft long, and
would run from Sunny Creek Road through the Rancho Carlsbad golf course to El Camino Real
(Figure 3). Portions of the corridor lie beneath an asphalt golf cart path, a paved roadway,
fairways, roughs, and greens. The easternmost portion of the segment, part of SAHTlD, would
run through an equestrian ring and a block of stables. -
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PROJECT
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84 7 Jamacha Road
El Cajon, CA 92019
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Shadow Valley Center
847 Jamacha Road
El Cajon, CA 920 19
Project location on USGS 7.5'
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Figure 2
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GRAPHIC SCAU:
Affinis
Shadow Valley Center
847 Jamacha Road
El Cajon, CA 92019
Rancho Carlsbad segment loca-~ion (SAHTS1 E) Figure 3
The second segment (Palmer Way extension) would extend approximately 500 ft westward from
the existing sewer line at Palmer Way (Figure 4). The segment would cross the yard of a
landscape maintenance company and the stock pens behind the Madonna Hill Guest Home
facility. The third segment (future creek crossing), to be constructed at a later time, would cross
Agua Hedionda Creek in the middle of the existing roadbed (Figure 5). The length of the future
creek crossing segment is 120 ft, and construction in this segment would be restricted to the
current concrete stream crossing .
SETTING
Physical Setting
The sewer segments lie in the coastal plains of San Diego, approximately 3.5 miles (5.5 km) east
of the present day coastline. The coastal plains is an area of generally gently sloping topography
which ranges in elevation from sea level to about 600 ft (183 m) above mean sea level (MSL).
Annual rainfall in the area varies from 9 in (23 cm) to 16 in (41 cm) (Griner and Pryde 1976).
The oldest geologic materials in the vicinity of the proposed sewer routes are the sediments of
the Cretaceous-age Rosario Group, which includes conglomerates, sandstones, and siltstones.
The conglomerates are granitic and volcanic boulders in a matrix of sandstones and siltstones;
this is the Lusardi Formation. Overlying and interfingered with the Lusardi Formation are
sandstones, siltstones, and claystones of the Point Loma Formation. The Cretaceous-age
sediments are present along the eastern segment corridor route. The Pleistocene-age sediments
are older alluvial and stream terrace deposits comprised of interbedded sands, silts, and clays
(predominantly silty sands and clayey sands). These sediments are also present at shallow depths
beneath Holocene-age sediments in the area. The Holocene-age alluvial/colluvial deposits are
materials that have been eroded and deposited in the drainages and on the valley flanks. These
consist of sands, silty sands, clayey sands, and sand clays, and are usually six feet or less in
thickness (Southern California Soil & Testing 1996).
Cultural Environment
Several recent summaries discuss the prehistory of the San Diego region and provide a
background for understanding the archaeology of the general area surrounding the project.
Moratto's (1984) review of the archaeology of California contains important discussions of
Southern California, including the San Diego area. Papers by Bull (1983, 1987), Carrico
(1987), Gallegos (1987), and Warren (1985, 1987) provide summaries of recent work and
interpretations.
The planned sewer lines are situated in an area rich with documented historic and prehistoric
cultural resources, and numerous previous archaeological studies have been conducted in the
vicinity of the current project. Areas near the sewer line segments were surveyed in 1983
(Hector 1983). Several archaeological sites were noted during that survey. CA-SDI-9700
6
Approximate scale: 1" = 200'
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Shadow Valley Center
84 7 Jama cha Road
El Cajon, CA 92019
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Palmer Way Extension Location Figure 4
The second segment (Palmer Way extension) would extend approximately 500 ft westward from
the existing sewer line at Palmer Way (Figure 4). The segment would cross the yard of a
landscape maintenance company and the stock pens behind the Madonna Hill Guest Home
facility. The third segment (future creek crossing), to be constructed at a later time, would cross
Agua Hedionda Creek in the middle of the existing roadbed (Figure 5). The length of the future
creek crossing segment is 120 ft, and construction in this segment would be restricted to the
current concrete stream crossing.
SETTING
Physical Setting
The sewer segments lie in the coastal plains of San Diego, approximately 3.5 miles (5.5 km) east
of the present day coastline. The coastal plains is an area of generally gently sloping topography
which ranges in elevation from sea level to about 600 ft (183 m) above mean sea level (MSL).
Annual rainfall in the area varies from 9 in (23 cm) to 16 in (41 cm) (Griner and Pryde 1976).
The oldest geologic materials in the vicinity of the proposed sewer routes are the sediments of
the Cretaceous-age Rosario Group, which includes conglomerates, sandstones, and siltstones.
The conglomerates are granitic and volcanic boulders in a matrix of sandstones and siltstones;
this is the Lusardi Formation. Overlying and interfingered with the Lusardi Formation are
sandstones, siltstones, and claystones of the Point Loma Formation. The Cretaceous-age
sediments are present along the eastern segment corridor route. The Pleistocene-age sediments
are older alluvial and stream terrace deposits comprised of interbedded sands, silts, and clays
(predominantly silty sands and clayey sands). These sediments are also present at shallow depths
beneath Holocene-age sediments in the area. The Holocene-age alluvial/colluvial deposits are
materials that have been eroded and deposited in the drainages and on the valley flanks. These
consist of sands, silty sands, clayey sands, and sand clays, and are usually six feet or less in
thickness (Southern California Soil & Testing 1996).
Cultural Environment
Several recent summaries discuss the prehistory of the San Diego region and provide a
background for understanding the archaeology of the general area surrounding the project.
Moratto's (1984) review of the archaeology of California contains important discussions of
Southern California, including the San Diego area. Papers by Bull (1983, 1987), Carrico
(1987), Gallegos (1987), and Warren (1985, 1987) provide summaries of recent work and
interpretations.
The planned sewer lines are situated in an area rich with documented historic and prehistoric
cultural resources, and numerous previous archaeological studies have been conducted in the
vicinity of the current project. Areas near the sewer line segments were surveyed in 1983
(Hector 1983). Several archaeological sites were noted during that survey . CA-SDI-9700
6
· = 200' Approximate scale· 1 ..
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7 Jamacha Road
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Palmer Wa E y xtension Location Figure 4
Hector did not record the adobe melt with the South Coastal Information Center and the San
Diego Museum of Man, but it was later recorded with the Museum as SDM-W-4033.
Archaeological site, CA-SDI-9701 (SDM-W-601), immediately north of Agua Hedionda Creek,
was originally recorded in 1974 by Fink, who noted manos and tools, and suggested the site may
be a La Jollan village. He indicated that the research potential appeared to be high (site record
for SDM-W-601, on file at San Diego Museum of Man). Hector noted CA-SDI-9701 as "a
large, very important midden deposit" (Hector 1983:1), including shell, dark soil, a
hammerstone, and a bedrock milling feature. "This site has a potential to contain considerable
cultural deposits and abundant artifacts" (Hector 1983:5).
Both CA-SDI-9700 and CA-SDI-9701 were tested by Robbins-Wade and Gross in 1996. CA-
SDI-9700 was found to be between a simple shellfish processing site and a complex habitation
site. A range of tools was found, but the site lacks the intensity of use of a more complex
habitation site. Radiocarbon analysis places use of the site around 7610± 70 years ago. The site
represents the La Jolla complex. The portion of CA-SDI-9701 that was tested contains a limited
range of cultural material and appears to represent a processing site. A radiocarbon date of
860±60 years ago was obtained, and artifacts diagnostic of Late Prehistoric use were found.
Other recorded sites close to the sewer segment corridors include: CA-SDI-14,337, CA-SDI-
14,338, CA-SDI-14,339H, and SD:1\1-W-4033, which are located south of Agua Hedionda Creek,
between the sewer segments, and CA-SDI-9093 and CA-SDI-9615, which are located north of
the Rancho Carlsbad segment. Numerous isolated artifacts have also been recorded in the
general vicinity. A summary of sites within approximately one-mile of the sewer segments is
provided in Appendix A.
Biological Environment
Much of both sewer corridors has been disturbed by current or historic agricultural use, or by
various business and recreational activities, including a golf course and equestrian uses.
However, undisturbed areas in the vicinity support native habitats associated with Agua
Hedionda Creek and the surrounding uplands. Riparian woodlands are associated with the
drainage of Agua Hedionda Creek; they include a diverse mix of riparian shrubs and trees
including California sycamore (Platanus racemosa), coast live oak (Quercus agrifolia), arroyo
willow (Salix lasiolepis), mulefat (Baccharis salicifolia), Douglas mugwort (Artemisia
douglasiana), and rush (Juncus sp.). Oak woodlands occur within a shallow valley adjacent to
Agua Hedionda Creek and along the main drainage of the creek. Coast live oaks are dominant
and the understory is limited (Natural Resource Consultants 1996).
Southern mixed chaparral in the vicinity supports a mix of toyon (Heteromeles arbutifolia), scrub
oak (Quercus berberidifolia), and lemonade berry (Rhus integrifolia). Coastal sage scrub occurs
in patches and is largely dominated by California sagebrush (Artemisia californica), with
occasional laurel sumac (Malosma laurina), California buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum),
white sage (Salvia apiana), black sage (Salvia mellifera), California sunflower (Encelia
8
californica), and coast prickly pear cactus (Opuntia littoralis). A few small pockets of native
grasslands, characterized by stands of purple needle grass (Nassella pulchra), occur (Natural
Resource Consultants 1996).
Foraging and cover habitat for a number of vertebrate and invertebrate species is provided by
the coastal sage scrub, chaparral, and native grasslands habitats. The scrub and adjacent
grassland habitats support bird species and provide cover and foraging opportunities for
numerous small mammals, such as woodrat (Neotoma sp.), deer mouse (Peromyscus
maniculatus), cactus mouse (P. eremicus), California mouse (P. californicus), house mouse (Mus
musculus), and ornate shrew (Sorex ornatus). Other mammals may also use these habitats,
including the California ground squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi), Audubon's (desert) cottontail
(Sylvilagus audubonii), long-tailed weasel (Mustelafrenata), striped and spotted skunks (Mephitis
mephitis and Spilogale gracilis), coyote (Canis latrans), and bobcat (Felis rufus) (Natural
Resource Consultants 1996).
The drainage and associated riparian and oak woodlands in Agua Hedionda Creek provide high
quality wildlife habitats. The closed canopy woodland with a dense understory provides refuge
for a variety of amphibian, bird, and mammal species. In addition, the drainage course serves
as an important corridor for wildlife movement through this area.
The resources of the various plant communities and the animals supported by these communities
would have provided material for food, tools , medicines, ritual uses, and other needs of the
native population during prehistoric times.
METHODS
Because the precise project locations are still under consideration, a site specific records search
for archaeological resources was not conducted. Site records obtained by Robbins-Wade and
Gross in 1996 for archaeological research of the Terraces at Sunny Creek project area, which
is adjacent to both routes, were examined for this study. The records were received from the
South Coastal Information Center (SCIC), at San Diego State University, and from the San
Diego Museum of Man. The recorded sites are discussed above and are summarized in
Appendix A.
A field check of the two segments was conducted by Affinis archaeologist Ruth Alter and Affinis
biologist Rod Dossey on June 30, 1997. They were accompanied by Water District personnel,
Richard Goedert and Randy Klaahsen, who delineated the approximate preliminary sewer
segment routes . The examination of the areas involved was only cursory.
The total length of the Rancho Carlsbad segment corridor was walked. Much of the corridor
was covered either by asphalt or grass, with the ground surface visible on only approximately
10 percent of the segment. Approximately half of the segment extending from Palmer Way was
walked (Figure 4); access to the remainder of the corridor was blocked by animal pens. Surface
visibility within the portion of the segment examined was impacted by piles of stored landscape
9
maintenance materials and equipment; only about 10 to 15 percent of the ground was visible.
A total of three person hours in the field was required for the study.
RESULTS
Cultural Resources
The only cultural resources noted during the field check were located on the Rancho Carlsbad
segment. A light scatter of broken shell, Chione sp., indicating potential prehistoric use of the
area, was observed in the dirt roadway running along west side of the golf course green, just
north of Sunny Creek Road. In the same general area, bits of sun-purpled glass, burnt butchered
food bones, and pieces of cream-colored stoneware and blue and white porcelain were observed
on the embankment above the roadway and on the roadway per se. These materials are historic
and are probably associated with occupation of the Kelly Ranch. The Kelly house sits on top
of the hill, and the trash was probably dumped over the side.
Biological Resources
While surrounded by much high quality habitat, most of both segments consists of highly
disturbed habitat or landscaped areas. A degraded riparian portion of Agua Hedionda Creek
with associated native trees is present on the Rancho Carlsbad segment. A tributary along the
south end of the golf course runs beneath Sunny Creek Road and empties into the creek. No
habitat remains along the tributary in the proposed easement area. Also, an area of high quality
mixed chaparral is located on a steep slope adjacent to the alignment on the Palmer Way
extension segment.
MANAGEMENT CONSIDERATIONS
Impacts and Significance
Cultural Resources. A light prehistoric shell scatter and a historic trash deposit were noted on
the Rancho Carlsbad segment. The significance of these resources is presently unknown.
Because of the intensity of use of the general area in prehistoric times and the documented
historic resources in the vicinity, a potential for other cultural resources of undetermined
significance also exists within both the segment corridors.
Biological Resources. The stream and its associated riparian habitat in the Rancho Carlsbad
segment are potentially protected under the jurisdiction of the Army Corps of Engineers. The
California Department of Fish & Game may exercise jurisdiction along the tributary, as well.
The native trees along the riparian area, while not legally protected, are considered biologically
important as animal habitat and are also aesthetically pleasing. Though replaceable, avoidance
of this resource is recommended.
10
In addition, if the final alignment traverses the mixed chaparral adjacent to the Palmer Way
segment, impacts to this habitat could occur.
Mitigation Recommendations
Cultural Resources. When corridor alignments have been finalized, a field survey of the routes
should be conducted by a qualified archaeologist. Cultural resources identified during the survey
would require further mitigation to determine significance.
Biological Resources. When corridor alignments have been finalized, a field survey of the
. routes should be conducted by a qualified biologist. At that time, detailed mapping and impact
assessment should be conducted. It is recommended that the final Rancho Carlsbad segment
alignment avoid the riparian zones due to their sensitivity and to eliminate impacts to this habitat
and minimize environmental restrictions .
Should you have any questions regarding this study, please call me or my associate, Rod
Dossey.
Sincerely,
Ruth C. Alter, M.A. (SOPA)
Project Archaeologist
RCA:cl
11
REFERENCES
Bull, C.S.
1983
1987
Carrico, R. L.
1987
Gallegos, D.R.
1987
Shaking the Foundations: The Evidence for San Diego Prehistory.
Casual Papers: Cultural Resource Management 1(3): 15-64.
A New Proposal: Some Suggestions for San Diego Prehistory. In San
Dieguito-La Jolla: Chronology and Controversy, edited by D. Gallegos,
pp. 35-44. San Diego County Archaeological Society, Research Paper 1.
Sixty-five Years of San Diego County Archaeology. In San Dieguito-La
Jolla: Chronology and Controversy, edited by D. Gallegos, pp . 1-14.
San Diego County Archaeological Society, Research Paper 1.
A Review and Synthesis of Environmental and Cultural Material for the
Batiquitos Lagoon Region. In San Dieguito-La Jolla: Chronology and
Controversy, edited by D. Gallegos, pp. 23-34. San Diego County
Archaeological Society, Research Paper 1.
Griner, E.L., and P.R. Pryde
1976 Climate, Soils, and Vegetation. In San Diego: An Introduction to the
Region, edited by P.R. Pryde, pp.29-46. Kendall/Hunt Publishing
Company, Dubuque ,lowa.
Hector, S.M.
1983
Moratto, M.J.
1984
Archaeological Survey of Del Mar Financial Carlsbad, California. Recon,
San Diego. Submitted to City of Carlsbad, Planning Department. On
file , South Coastal Information Center.
California Archaeology. Academic Press, Orlando.
Natural Resource Consultants
1996 Biological Resources Assessment of the 68.6-acre Terraces Site Located in
the City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California. Natural Resource
Consultants, Laguna Beach, California. Submitted to City of Carlsbad,
Planning Department.
Robbins-Wade, M., and G.T. Gross
1996 Archaeological Survey and Testing for the Terraces at Sunny Creek,
Carlsbad, California. Affinis, El Cajon.
12
Southern California Soil & Testing
1996 Preliminary Geotechnical Investigation, Sunny Creek Residential
Development, El Camino Real and College Boulevard, Carlsbad,
California. Southern California Soil & Testing, Inc., San Diego.
Submitted to City of Carlsbad, Planning Department.
Warren, C.N.
1985
1987
Garbage About the Foundations: A Comment on Bull's Assertions.
Casual Papers: Cultural Resource Management 2(1):82-90.
The San Dieguito and La Jolla: Some Comments. In San Dieguito-La
Jolla: Chronology and Controversy, edited by D. Gallegos, pp. 73-85.
San Diego County Archaeological Society, Research Paper 1.
13
APPENDIX A
Table 1. Sites recorded within one-mile radius of the sewer segment corridors
SDI-# SDM-W-# Site Description Recorder, Date
5117
5224
5782
7229
7230
8695
9092
1202 Two bedrock outcrops with a single
milling slick on each. One San Dieguito
tool.
1459 Camp site consisting of shell and
debitage. Ground visibility was poor.
1788 Location of an ethnographic Native
American encampment until removal of
the inhabitants to a reservation in 1879.
Based on an interview with Mrs. Ida
Dawson, not field checked.
2526 Shell scatter exposed in road. No
artifacts observed.
2527 Light scatter of primary flakes on low
slope above dry creek.
No data available (site record missing)
2805 Ridge top midden with black soil, heavy
shell, bone, manos, basin metate,
abundant flaked lithics; no ceramics
noted . Considered significant.
Hightower, 1976
Bull and Norwood,
1977
Hatley, 1978
Douglas, 1979
Douglas, 1979
Hanna, 1981
9093 2806 Low density surface scatter of shell and a Hanna, 1981
9094
9093/
9094
9114
9115
9116
flake .
2807 Area of darker soil, shell , and two mano Hanna, 1981
fragments .
2806/ Originally recorded as two sites, now Hector, 1982
2807 noted as extending across two ridgetops
and a saddle. Site appears to be as large
and as deep as SDI-9092.
3133 Light lithic scatter.
122 Heavy shell scatter with dark soil. No
artifacts observed.
122 Light shell scatter eroding from a road
cut. No artifacts observed.
Hannahs, 1981
Hannahs, 1981
Hannahs, 1981
SDI-# SDM-W-# Site Description Recorder, Date
9115/
9116
122 Highland accretion midden with many Rogers, n.d.
9615
9698
9699
9700
9701
10,444
11,757
14,140
14,151
14,337
cobble hearths . Housepits were recorded
prior to plowing. A burial was recorded.
Artifacts noted include metates, manos,
San Dieguito tools, and flakes.
3293 Shellfish processing station with limited
depth and artifacts (fine-grained
metavolcanic flakes).
3389 Shell midden. No artifacts observed.
3390 Small shell midden. No artifacts
observed.
3391 Shell midden. No artifacts observed.
Within current project area.
601 Large village site with shell and dark
midden. One basin milling feature was
noted. One hammerstone was observed
by Hector. Fink noted manos and tools,
and noted the site as a possible La Jollan
village. Research potential considered
high.
4684A Lithic and shell scatter with two
choppers, flakes, and debitage. Not
significant.
4321 Bedrock milling feature in a drainage.
6628 Scatter of cores, flakes, thermally
modified rock, and marine shell along a
concrete drainage ditch on lower bench
below peak of Evans Point.
6632 Scatter of shell, manos, metates, and
flaked stone tools on exposed shallow
slope below peak of Evans Point.
Small, low density scatter of flaked stone
and ground stone artifacts, including
manos, cores, hammerstones, and
debitage. A very small amount of shell
was also recovered.
15
Hector 1982
Hector, 1983
Hector, 1983
Hector, 1983
Hector, 1983; Fink,
1974
Bissell, 1985;
Bissell 1990
(report)
Wade and Ritz,
1990.
Maxon and Smith,
1995
Maxon, 1996
Robbins-Wade and
Gross, 1996
SDI-# SDM-W-# Site Description
14,338 Small, sparse scatter of shell with a very
localized deposit.
14,339H Remnants of an historic home site,
including concrete foundations, a standing
structure, a graded pad for a structure
without a foundation, a small orchard,
and recent debris.
123 Kelly Springs site. Slough margin
midden in canyon bottom. La Jollan and
Late Prehistoric cobble hearths, shell
midden, and charcoal. U ngathered
cremation with ceramics, arrow points,
and a bow pipe. Site record updated to
include SDM-W-1892, -2402, -2403, -
2404, and -2730.
Recorder, Date
Robbins-Wade and
Gross, 1996
Robbins-Wade and
Gross, 1996
Rogers, n.d.;
Hedges, 1981
310 Coastal valley creek terrace with hearths. Rogers, n.d.
Main site area has a high shell and
charcoal content. Artifacts noted include
metates, manos, mortars, pestle,
ceramics. Mostly La Jolla, also Luisefio
and some San Dieguito.
521 Small scatter of shell, flakes, a tool, and
a metate fragment on a knolltop. No
midden observed. La Jollan campsite.
558 Scatter of ceramics, primary flakes, and
thumbnail scrapers.
1203 Large rock outcrop with a single milling
slick.
2834 Two utilized natural depressions on two
separate bedrock outcrops. No artifacts
observed.
2835 Isolated bedrock milling feature. No
artifacts observed.
287 6A Camp site including shell scatter and
bedrock milling.
16
Fink, 1974
Moriarty, 1974
Hightower, 1976
Polan, 1981
Polan, 1981
Hector, 1980
SDI-# SDM-W-# Site Description
4033 Pile of melted adobe beneath a metal
plate on the south side of Sunny Creek
Road. Not significant. Immediately
north of current project area.
5921 Kelly Barn. Circa 1900.
17
•
Recorder, Date
Hector, 1983