HomeMy WebLinkAbout2026-01-21; Planning Commission; Resolution 7564
A RESOLUTION OF THE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF
CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA, ADOPTING AN INITIAL STUDY/MITIGATED
NEGATIVE DECLARATION AND MITIGATION MONITORING AND
REPORTING PROGRAM TO CONSTRUCT ROADWAY, BIKEWAY, AND
PEDESTRIAN IMPROVEMENTS ALONG AN APPROXIMATELY ONE-MILE
SEGMENT OF AVENIDA ENCINAS FROM PALOMAR AIRPORT ROAD TO
SOUTH OF THE POINSETTIA COASTER STATION ENTRANCE IN LOCAL
FACILITIES MANAGEMENT ZONES 3 AND 22.
CASE NAME: AVENIDA ENCINAS COASTAL RAIL TRAIL AND
PEDESTRIAN IMPROVEMENTS PROJECT
CASE NO.: CDP 2024-0010/HMP 2024-0009 (PUB2023-0015)
WHEREAS, City of Carlsbad, “Developer,” has filed a verified application to propose roadway,
bikeway and pedestrian improvements in the right-of-way of Avenida Encinas and a portion of adjacent
property identified by Assessor’s Parcel Numbers 214-031-09, 214-031-03, and 214-031-10 (“the
Property”); and
WHEREAS, pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA, Public Resources Code
Section 21000 et. seq.) and its implementing regulations (the State CEQA Guidelines), Article 14 of the
California Code of Regulations section 15000 et. seq., the city is the Lead Agency for the project, as the
public agency with the principal responsibility for approving the proposed project; and
WHEREAS, pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21080.1 and CEQA Guidelines Section
15063, a Mitigated Negative Declaration (MND) shall be prepared when an Initial Study (IS) identifies
project related impacts, but can be classified as less than significant after incorporating mitigation
actions that can be taken to avoid or mitigate impacts to a point where clearly no significant impacts on
the environment will occur; and
WHEREAS, the city prepared a Draft IS/MND, dated October 2025 to consider, identify and
analyze all potential environmental impacts of the proposed project (City Planning Case No. CDP 2024-
0010/HMP 2024-0009). The Draft IS/MND concluded that the project could result in potentially
significant impacts to Biological Resources, Cultural Resources, Geology/Soils (paleontological
resources), Noise, and Tribal Cultural Resources and that all the potentially significant impacts of the
PLANNING COMMISSION RESOLUTION NO.7564
project can be avoided or reduced to a level less than significant with implementation of mitigation
measures; and
WHEREAS, the city provided notice of the availability of the Draft IS/MND and its intent to adopt
an IS/MND to and sought comments from all interested individuals and agencies on the Draft IS/MND as
required by CEQA:
x Publishing “Notice of Intent to Adopt a Mitigated Negative Declaration” in San Diego
Union Tribune newspaper on Oct. 17, 2025.
x Submitting a notice to the County Clerk of the County of San Diego and the State
Clearinghouse (State Clearinghouse No. 2025100839) for posting.
x Providing copies of the notice to individuals and organizations that previously submitted
written requests for the notice.
x Posting of the notice and Draft IS/MND on the City of Carlsbad Planning Department
webpage; and
WHEREAS, the Draft IS/MND was issued for a 30-day public review period, which began on Oct.
17, 2025, and ended on Nov. 17, 2025, in conformance with Public Resources Code section 21091(b) and
CEQA Guidelines sections 15072 and 15105(b). The city received two comment letters from public
agencies on the Draft IS/MND during the public review period that began on Oct. 17, 2025, and closed
on Nov. 17, 2025. The city also received two comment letters on the Draft IS/MND from an organization
and tribal government after the public review closure date (one on Nov. 18, 2025, and one on Nov. 24,
2025). A Response to Comments (RTC) document was prepared and responds to all the comment letters
received on the Draft IS/MND. The Draft IS/MND, together with the RTC, are collectively referred to
herein as the Final IS/MND, State Clearinghouse No. 2025100839 (Attachment “A”); and
WHEREAS, upon approving a project for which an IS/MND is adopted, the Lead Agency must
also adopt a Mitigation, Monitoring or Reporting Program (MMRP) pursuant to Public Resources Code
Section 21081.6 and CEQA Guidelines Section 15074(d); and
WHEREAS, the city duly noticed a public hearing of the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and
Pedestrian Improvements Project on Jan. 21, 2026, to consider adoption of the Final IS/MND and
MMRP, and the project. Evidence was submitted to and considered by the Planning Commission,
including, without limitation:
x Written information including all application materials and other written and graphical
information posted on the project website.
x Oral testimony from city staff, interested parties, and the public.
x The Planning Commission staff report, dated Jan. 21, 2026, which along with its
attachments, is incorporated herein by this reference as though fully set forth herein.
x Additional information submitted during the public hearing; and
WHEREAS, CEQA Guidelines section 15074(b) states that prior to approving a project, the Lead
Agency must consider the proposed IS/MND together with any comments received during the public
review process; and
WHEREAS, the Record of Proceedings upon which the Planning Commission bases its decision
includes, but is not limited to: (1) the Final IS/MND and the appendices and technical reports cited in
and/or relied upon in preparing the Final IS/MND and MMRP; (2) the staff reports, city files and records
and other documents, prepared for and/or submitted to the city relating to the Final IS/MND, MMRP,
and the project itself; (3) the evidence, facts, findings and other determinations set forth in herein; (4)
the General Plan and the Carlsbad Municipal Code; (5) all designs, plans, studies, data and
correspondence submitted to the city in connection with the Final IS/MND, the MMRP, and the project
itself; (6) all documentary and oral evidence received at public workshops, meetings, or hearings or
submitted to the city during the comment period relating to the Final IS/MND and MMRP and/or
elsewhere during the course of the review of the project itself; (7) all other matters of common
knowledge to the to the city, including, but not limited to, city, state, and federal laws, policies, rules,
regulations, reports, records and projections related to development within the city and its surrounding
areas.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Planning Commission of the City of Carlsbad as
follows:
1. Record and Basis for Action. The Planning Commission has considered the full record before it,
which includes the Record of Proceedings Furthermore, the recitals set forth above are found to
be true and correct and material to this resolution and are incorporated herein by reference.
2. The IS prepared for the project identifies potentially significant effects on the environment, but
(a) revisions in the project plans or proposals made by, or agreed to by, the applicant before the
proposed IS/MND were released for public review would avoid the effects or mitigate the
effects to a point where clearly no significant effect on the environment would occur, and (b)
there is no substantial evidence, in light of the whole record before the Lead Agency, that the
project as reviewed may have a significant effect on the environment.
3. Revisions were made to information presented in the Draft IS/MND, and only minor technical
changes or additions have been made. These changes and additions to the Draft IS/MND do not
raise new important issues related to significant effects on the environment. The modifications
made to the Draft IS/MND in response to comments received provide minor revisions or
clarifications and do not amount to substantial revisions requiring recirculation of the IS/MND
pursuant to Section 15073.5 of the CEQA Guidelines.
4. A Final IS/MND has been prepared in compliance with all requirements contained in CEQA, the
CEQA Guidelines, and the Carlsbad Municipal Code.
5. In determining whether the proposed project has a significant effect on the environment, the
Planning Commission is able to base its decision on substantial evidence and has complied with
Public Resources Code Section 21082.2 and CEQA Guidelines Section 15091(b). Mitigation
measures were developed to reduce potential impacts to biological resources, cultural
resources, geology/soils (paleontological resources), noise, and tribal cultural resources. The
Developer has agreed to implement all mitigation measures identified in the Final IS/MND in
order to reduce all potentially significant environmental impacts to a less-than-significant level,
in accordance with the MMRP (Attachment “A”). Mitigation measures incorporated as part of
the project’s conditions of approval reduce impacts to a level less than significant, therefore an
IS/MND is appropriate for adoption.
The Planning Commission hereby finds that after considering the public comments received and
the evidence and testimony before it, that the Final IS/MND reflects the independent judgement
of the city as the Lead Agency. The IS/MND, inclusive of the RTC, has been prepared in
accordance and full compliance with CEQA and CEQA Guidelines, has been made available and
circulated for review and comment by interested members of the public and relevant agencies
as required by law, and has been presented to, reviewed and considered by this Planning
Commission prior to the decision on the project. Therefore, the Planning Commission does
hereby find that on the basis of the whole record before it, that there is no substantial evidence
that the project, as revised and conditioned, will have a significant effect on the environment.
The Planning Commission adopts the Final IS/MND, which includes the MMRP (Attachment “A”),
as the valid environmental review for this project. The Planning Commission further finds that
the Record of Proceedings has been completed in compliance with CEQA and the State CEQA
Guidelines, and that the findings related to the Final IS/MND, taken together, reflect the
independent judgment of the Planning Commission.
6. The custodian of the documents and other materials which constitute the record of proceedings
upon which this decision is based in the Office of the City Clerk of the City of Carlsbad, 1200
Carlsbad Village Drive, Carlsbad, CA 92008.
BE IT FURTHER RESOLVED that the Planning Commission directs the Director of Community
Development to file the notice of determination required by Public Resources Code Section 21152(a)
within five days after project approval.
NOTICE TO DEVELOPER
An appeal of this decision to the City Council must be filed with the City Clerk at 1200 Carlsbad Village
Drive, Carlsbad, California, 92008, within ten (10) calendar days of the date of the Planning
Commission’s decision. Pursuant to Carlsbad Municipal Code Chapter 21.54, section 21.54.150, the
appeal must be in writing and state the reason(s) for the appeal. The City Council must make a
determination on the appeal prior to any judicial review.
PASSED, APPROVED, AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the Planning Commission of the City
of Carlsbad, California, held on Jan. 21, 2026, by the following vote, to wit:
AYES: Meenes, Hubinger, Foster, Lafferty, Burrows, Fitzgerald
NAYES: None.
ABSENT: Merz.
ABSTAIN: None.
ROY MEENES, Chairperson
CARLSBAD PLANNING COMMISSION
ATTEST:
ERIC LARDY, Assistant Director of
Community Development Department
Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail
and Pedestrian Improvements Project
SCH No. 2025100839
Project No. CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
Final
Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
Prepared for:
City of Carlsbad
1635 Faraday Avenue
Carlsbad, CA 92008
Prepared by:
HELIX Environmental Planning Inc.
7578 El Cajon Boulevard
La Mesa, CA 91942
January 2026
Attachment A
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i
Table of Contents
Section Page
Introduction and Memorandum ............................................................................ follows Table of Contents
Mitigated Negative Declaration ...................................................... follows Introduction and Memorandum
INITIAL STUDY ............................................................................................................................................... 1
Project Objectives ............................................................................................................................ 2
Consistency with Sustainable Mobility Plan, General Plan, and Other Adopted Land Use Plans ... 2
Project Characteristics ..................................................................................................................... 4
EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS: ............................................................................................. 9
I. AESTHETICS ....................................................................................................................... 11
II. AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY RESOURCES* .................................................................. 15
III. AIR QUALITY* .................................................................................................................... 17
IV. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES .................................................................................................. 20
V. CULTURAL RESOURCES ..................................................................................................... 33
VI. ENERGY ............................................................................................................................. 35
VII. GEOLOGY AND SOILS ........................................................................................................ 36
VIII. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS ......................................................................................... 40
IX. HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS .......................................................................... 44
X. HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY .................................................................................. 47
XI. LAND USE AND PLANNING ................................................................................................ 52
XII. MINERAL RESOURCES ....................................................................................................... 63
XIII. NOISE ................................................................................................................................ 63
XIV. POPULATION AND HOUSING ............................................................................................ 68
XV. PUBLIC SERVICES ............................................................................................................... 69
XVI. RECREATION ...................................................................................................................... 70
XVII. TRANSPORTATION ............................................................................................................ 71
XVIII. TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES ......................................................................................... 74
XIX. UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS ..................................................................................... 79
XX. WILDFIRE ........................................................................................................................... 80
XXI. MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE ....................................................................... 83
LIST OF MITIGATION MEASURES ................................................................................................................ 85
Biological Resources ...................................................................................................................... 85
Cultural Resources ......................................................................................................................... 87
ii
Table of Contents (cont.)
Section Page
Geology and Soils ........................................................................................................................... 87
Noise .............................................................................................................................................. 88
Tribal Cultural Resources ............................................................................................................... 89
EARLIER ANALYSES ...................................................................................................................................... 91
EARLIER ANALYSIS USED AND SUPPORTING INFORMATION SOURCES ...................................................... 91
List of Appendices
A Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Analysis
B Biological Technical Report
C Cultural Resources Survey Report
D Stormwater Quality Management Plan
E Hydraulic Report
F Construction Noise Analysis
G Transportation Impact Analysis
H Vehicle Miles Traveled Analysis
I Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program
J Response to Comments
iii
Table of Contents (cont.)
List of Figures
No. Title Follows Page
1 Regional Location ............................................................................................................................. 2
2 Project Location-Aerial ..................................................................................................................... 2
3 Project Location-USGS ..................................................................................................................... 2
4a-c Site Plan ........................................................................................................................................... 4
5 Typical Cross-Sections ...................................................................................................................... 4
List of Tables
No. Title Page
1 Project Consistency with Scenic Quality Goals and Policies .......................................................... 12
2 SDAB Attainment Designations ...................................................................................................... 18
3 Maximum Daily Construction Emissions ........................................................................................ 19
4 Sensitive Vegetation Communities – Project Impacts and Mitigation .......................................... 25
5 Project Consistency with GHG Emissions Reducing General Plan Policies .................................... 42
6 Demonstration of General Plan Consistency ................................................................................. 54
7 Demonstration of Local Coastal Program Consistency .................................................................. 59
8 Construction Equipment Noise Levels ........................................................................................... 65
9 MMLOS Analysis Results ................................................................................................................ 72
iv
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Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -1- Introduction and Memorandum
INTRODUCTION AND MEMORANDUM TO THE FINAL INITIAL STUDY/MITIGATED NEGATIVE
DECLARATION
Pursuant to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines, an Initial Study (IS)/Mitigated
Negative Declaration (MND) was prepared by the City of Carlsbad (city) for the Avenida Encinas Coastal
Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project (project). The Draft IS/MND was submitted to the State
Clearinghouse (SCH) and the Governor’s Office of Land Use and Climate Innovation and circulated for a
30-day public review period beginning on October 17, 2025, and ending on November 17, 2025 (SCH No.
2025100839). During that time, the document was reviewed by various state and local agencies, a tribal
government, as well as by interested individuals and organizations.
The Final IS/MND is presented herein with changes incorporated after the completion of public review;
revisions are identified in the Revisions or Clarifications to the Draft IS/MND section below. CEQA
Guidelines Sections 15073.5(a) and (b) states that recirculation is required when an MND has been
substantially revised, which is defined as:
(1) A new, avoidable significant effect is identified and mitigation measures or project revisions
must be added in order to reduce the effect to insignificance, or;
(2) The lead agency determines that the proposed mitigation measures or project revisions will not
reduce potential effects to less than significance and new measures or revisions must be
required.
Section 15073.5(c) also adds that recirculation is not required under the following circumstances:
(1) Mitigation measures are replaced with equal or more effective measures pursuant to Section
15074.1.
(2) New project revisions are added in response to written or verbal comments on the project’s
effects identified in the proposed negative declaration which are not new avoidable significant
effects.
(3) Measures or conditions of project approval are added after circulation of the negative
declaration which are not required by CEQA, which do not create new significant environmental
effects and are not necessary to mitigate an avoidable significant effect.
(4) New information is added to the negative declaration which merely clarifies, amplifies, or makes
insignificant modifications to the negative declaration.
No new information has been presented in the Final IS/MND that would require recirculation of the
Draft IS/MND pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15073.5. Specifically, no new significant
environmental impacts would result from the new information in the Final IS/MND. The new
information added to the IS/MND about Crotch’s bumble bee (as discussed below) does not create a
new significant environmental effect, and the added condition of approval is not necessary to mitigate
an avoidable significant effect. Additionally, the Draft IS/MND included adequate information for a
meaningful public review and comment; the Final IS/MND has not been changed in such a way that
deprives the public of a meaningful opportunity to comment upon a substantial adverse environmental
effect of the project or a feasible way to mitigate or avoid a substantial environmental effect.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -2- Introduction and Memorandum
Revisions or Clarifications to the Draft Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
Subsequent to the circulation of the Draft IS/MND, revisions or clarifications were made to the analysis.
Those changes are described below in strike-out/underline format to signify deletions and inserts in the
Final IS/MND text. The Final IS/MND has incorporated these revisions.
Biological Resources (Section IV) – The text of Item IV.a (page 23, the first paragraph) has been revised as
follows to incorporate the information about Crotch’s bumble bee, based on public comments:
Crotch’s bumble bee (Bombus crotchii) is a CDFW listed candidate species. As such, it is awarded the
same protections as a state listed species. It is found throughout southwestern California from the
Central Valley south to the U.S./Mexico border and inhabits open grasslands and scrub habitats. It
primarily nests underground and forages on a wide variety of flowers. The impact area is mostly
developed with the existing roadway, and areas that are not already paved are mostly disturbed
habitat with small pockets of sage scrub in a very limited distribution. While there are some floral
resources present that could be used by Crotch’s bumble bee, the area is both highly disturbed and
very constrained by development and sufficient resources to support a colony are not likely to be
present. As a result, there is low potential for the species to occupy the site and no impacts to this
candidate species are anticipated to occur. Nevertheless, the city has agreed to conduct surveys
prior to construction as a condition of approval for the project.
The text of Item IV.f (page 30, last paragraph) has revised as follows to incorporate a minor correction
regarding irrigation for project landscaping:
The project limits are entirely outside of any Hardline Preserve or other conservation area. The HMP
adjacency standards apply to the southern end of the project alignment where it is near the
northern end of a narrow, isolated reach of Hardline Preserve (SRA 2) that was established to
protect vernal pool habitat and associated sensitive plant and animal species. The HMP contains
adjacency standards related to fire management; erosion control; landscaping restrictions; fencing,
signs, and lighting; and predator and exotic species control. The project would not include structures
or uses that would pose as a fire risk to the adjacent preserve. The project would not result in
substantial erosion as the project does not propose the construction of slopes and no erodible or
unvegetated slopes occur on site, and because the project would comply with National Pollution
Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) requirements and a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan
(SWPPP). Invasive species would not be planted as part of the project’s landscaping and no irrigation
is proposed. Fencing and signage would be appropriately provided along the project alignment to
preclude access, and lighting associated with the project would be the minimum amount necessary
for safety and directed away from SRA 2. Therefore, the project would be consistent with the HMP
Adjacency Standards.
Earlier Analysis Used and Supporting Information Sources – The reference for project-specific biological
technical report (IS/MND Appendix B) was changed as follows (page 92) based on revisions made to
Appendix D, Sensitive Species with Potential to Occur, to incorporate Crotch’s bumble bee:
HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc. 2025b. Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail Project and
Pedestrian Improvements Project Biological Technical Report. October December.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -3- Introduction and Memorandum
Response to Comments
Written comments were received during the public review period from the following: California
Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW), California Coastal Commission, Rincon Band of Luiseno Indians,
and San Diego County Archaeological Society, Inc. Parts of the Draft IS/MND were updated based upon
the comments received (see above in the Revisions or Clarifications to the Draft IS/MND section). The
comments and city responses to the comments are included as Appendix J to the Final IS/MND.
Community & Economic Development Planning Division
1635 Faraday Avenue Carlsbad, CA 92008 760-602-4600 760-602-8560 fax
MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION
PROJECT NAME: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
PROJECT NO: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
PROJECT LOCATION: Avenida Encinas between Palomar Airport Road and the Poinsettia Coaster
Station in the western part of the City of Carlsbad
PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
(project) proposes to construct roadway, bikeway, and pedestrian improvements along an approximately
one-mile segment of Avenida Encinas between Palomar Airport Road and a point just south of the
Poinsettia Coaster Station Driveway to provide operational and safety enhancements for vehicles,
bicycles, and pedestrians. The proposed bikeway is identified as proposed Trail Segment 10B, Coastal Rail
Trail Reach 5, in Chapter 5, Trail Development Implementation, of the City of Carlsbad Trails Master Plan.
This bikeway segment is part of the regional Coastal Rail Trail that is planned to connect all San Diego
County coastal cities. Other improvements would include roadway widening, new pavement, new
sidewalks, curb ramps, center landscaped medians, landscaping, biofiltration swales, median
passageways with flashing beacons, lighting, fencing, and retaining walls. The project would require a
Major Coastal Development Permit and a Habitat Management Plan Permit.
DETERMINATION: The City of Carlsbad has conducted an environmental review of the above described
project pursuant to the Guidelines for Implementation of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA)
and the Environmental Protection Ordinance of the City of Carlsbad. As a result of said review, the Initial
Study identified potentially significant effects on the environment, and the City of Carlsbad finds as
follows:
Although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment, there will not be a
significant effect in this case because the mitigation measures described on the attached Mitigation
Monitoring and Reporting Program (MMRP) have been added to the project.
A copy of the Initial Study documenting reasons to support the MND is on file in the Planning Division,
1635 Faraday Avenue, Carlsbad, California 92008.
ADOPTED:
ATTEST:
Eric Lardy
City Planner
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -1- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
Initial Study
1. PROJECT NAME: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
2. PROJECT NO: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
3. LEAD AGENCY:
City of Carlsbad
1635 Faraday Avenue
Carlsbad, CA 92008
4. PROJECT APPLICANT:
City of Carlsbad
1635 Faraday Avenue
Carlsbad, CA 92008
5. LEAD AGENCY CONTACT PERSON: Scott Donnell, Senior Planner, 442-339-2618,
scott.donnell@carlsbadca.gov.
6. PROJECT LOCATION: The City of Carlsbad (city) proposes to construct roadway, bikeway, and
pedestrian improvements along an approximately one-mile segment of Avenida Encinas between
Palomar Airport Road and a point just south of the Poinsettia Coaster Station Driveway in the
western portion of the city. The project alignment is situated between Interstate 5 and the Los
Angeles-San Diego-San Luis Obispo (LOSSAN) rail corridor and entirely within the Coastal Zone (see
Figures 1 through 3). Surrounding land uses include Palomar Airport Road to the north; North
County Transit District railroad right-of-way (ROW) to the west; the Poinsettia Coaster Station to the
south; and a gas station, business parks, car dealership, a water treatment plant, and undeveloped
land to the east.
7. GENERAL PLAN LAND USE DESIGNATION: The project is located within the existing public ROW
along Avenida Encinas or property owned by the city. Avenida Encinas has a General Plan land use
designation of ROW. Adjacent city-owned properties (Assessor Parcel Numbers [APN] 211-030-06
and 214-010-95) are designated Public (P). Off-site grading and drainage improvements are also
proposed on city-owned property controlled (e.g., fenced and/or occupied) by the Encina
Wastewater Authority (APNs 214-031-09, 214-031-03, and 214-031-10) that is designated Planned
Industrial/Office (PI/O).
8. ZONING: The project is located within the existing public ROW or property owned by the city. The
public ROW has a corresponding zoning of ROW. Adjacent city-owned properties (APNs 211-030-06
and 214-010-95) are zoned Public Utility (P-U). Off-site grading and drainage improvements are also
proposed on city-owned property controlled by the Encina Wastewater Authority (APNs 214-031-09,
214-031-03, and 214-031-10) that is zoned Planned Industrial/Office (P-M/O). The project is also
located entirely within the Commercial Visitor Serving Overlay Zone and the Coastal Zone.
9. PROJECT DESCRIPTION: The city is proposing the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian
Improvements Project (project) that would construct roadway, bikeway, and pedestrian
improvements along an approximately one-mile segment of Avenida Encinas between Palomar
Airport Road and a point just south of the Poinsettia Coaster Station Driveway to provide
operational and safety enhancements for vehicles, bicycles, and pedestrians. The proposed bikeway
is identified as proposed Trail Segment 10B, Coastal Rail Trail Reach 5, in Chapter 5, Trail
Development Implementation, of the City of Carlsbad Trails Master Plan. This bikeway segment is
part of the regional Coastal Rail Trail that is planned to connect all San Diego County coastal cities.
Other improvements would include roadway widening, new pavement, new sidewalks, curb ramps,
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -2- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
center landscaped medians, landscaping, biofiltration swales, median passageways with flashing
beacons, lighting, fencing, and retaining walls. The project would require a Major Coastal
Development Permit and a Habitat Management Plan Permit.
All roadway improvements are proposed within the existing road ROW or property owned by the
city and therefore no ROW acquisition is proposed. No private improvements are proposed to be
removed as the existing Avenida Encinas roadway is built out to the west along the project frontage.
Project Objectives
Objectives of the proposed project include the following:
1. Provide bike lanes, sidewalks, crosswalks with safety enhancements, bus stop enhancements,
lighting, and improve overall pedestrian, bicyclist, and motorist safety.
2. Provide connectivity between nearby existing and planned bikeway facilities and with the
Poinsettia Coaster Station to enhance mobility, promote safe walking and bicycling facilities,
and provide additional options for multi-modal travel within the city, along the coast, and
elsewhere.
3. Protect adjacent habitat both within and outside the city’s preserve system by installing
biofiltration swales to capture and treat project runoff from developed areas.
4. Minimize improvements outside of the existing road ROW.
Consistency with Sustainable Mobility Plan, General Plan, and Other Adopted Land Use Plans
The Carlsbad Sustainable Mobility Plan (SMP; City of Carlsbad 2021) presents a comprehensive look
at current active travel and transit conditions, as well as previous planning efforts, including the
Trails Master Plan, Bicycle Master Plan, and Pedestrian Master Plan, to consolidate findings and
recommendations into one master document. The SMP provides recommendations for reducing
vehicle miles traveled and impacts of growth and development, as well as shifting how residents get
around the city away from private automobiles toward modes that are more livable, cleaner and
healthier.
The project would contribute to the Carlsbad Community Vision in the General Plan (City of Carlsbad
2015a) of increasing transportation options and improving connectivity within the city and its core
values and vision statements, including the following:
1. Access to recreation and active, healthy lifestyles - Promote active lifestyles and community
health by furthering access to trails, parks, beaches, and other recreation opportunities.
2. Walking, biking, public transportation, and connectivity - Increase travel options through
enhanced walking, bicycling and public transportation systems. Enhance mobility through
increased connectivity and intelligent transportation management.
Enhancements would include a linkage between nearby existing and planned trails as identified in
the Trails Master Plan and which is consistent with various adopted master plans. Specific project
components would include a Class II bike lane along both sides of Avenida Encinas, new sidewalks,
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -3- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
curb ramps and crosswalks, roadway widening, new pavement, median passageways with safety
enhancements and reconstructed bus stops (installation of new signage and expanded sidewalks
near existing bus stops and slight relocation of some existing bus stops to accommodate the
proposed improvements) to create a Complete Street per Senate Bill (SB) 127.
The proposed project has been designed to implement the following goals, policies, and objectives
set forth in the city’s General Plan, Trails Master Plan, Bicycle Master Plan, Pedestrian Master Plan,
and Local Coastal Program. Further examples of consistency are provided in Section XI, Land Use and
Planning:
• General Plan Mobility Element, Pedestrian and Bicycle Movement Policy 3-P.25: Implement the
projects recommended in the pedestrian, trails, and bicycle master plans through the city’s
capital improvement program, private development conditions and other appropriate
mechanisms (City of Carlsbad 2015a).
• Trails Master Plan, Goal 1: Complete trail segments that close gaps in the current trails
system. It is important to not only connect a localized group of trails, but to connect different
subareas in Carlsbad with each other, including the three lagoons, open space, canyons and
hillsides.
• Bicycle Master Plan, Policy 1.1.3: Coordinate the location of bicycle routes with the Parks and
Recreation Element and the Open Space and Conservation Element.
• Bicycle Master Plan, Policy 1.1.4: Extend bicycle routes to cultural, educational, and
recreational facilities.
• Pedestrian Master Plan, Overall Land Use Patterns Goal 1: A city which provides an orderly
balance of both public and private land uses within convenient and compatible locations
throughout the community and ensures that all such uses, type, amount, design and
arrangement serve to protect and enhance the environment, character and image of the city.
• Local Coastal Program: The project complies with public access, habitat protection, and water
quality regulations of the Mello II segment of the city’s Local Coastal Program.
In addition, the General Plan Mobility Element identifies Avenida Encinas as a “neighborhood
connector street.” The project would implement and contribute to the “neighborhood connector
street” designation by conforming to the following “neighborhood connector street” attributes, as
provided in the General Plan Mobility Element:
• Primary purpose is to connect people to different neighborhoods and land uses of the city;
• Designed to safely move all modes of travel while enhancing mobility for pedestrians and
bicyclists;
• Vehicle speeds shall be managed to promote safe pedestrian and bicycle movement;
• Bicycle lanes should be provided;
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -4- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
• Pedestrians should be accommodated on sidewalks adjacent to the travel way (minimum 5-
foot-wide sidewalk); and
• Mid-block pedestrian crossings and traffic calming devices should be considered, but only at
locations with high pedestrian activity levels or major destinations/attractions.
Project Characteristics
Proposed improvements would entail implementation of Reach 5 of the city’s portion of the Coastal
Rail Trail (CRT), a planned regional bicycle route that runs approximately 42 miles between
Oceanside and Santa Fe Depot in Downtown San Diego. Various segments of the CRT have been
constructed in Oceanside, Carlsbad, and Encinitas, including Reach 1 (along Carlsbad Boulevard from
State Street to the northern city boundary over Buena Vista Lagoon) and Reach 2 (between
Tamarack Avenue and Oak Avenue) in Carlsbad. In addition, in 2024, the city completed another
portion of the CRT south of the project and along Avenida Encinas between Poinsettia Lane and
Windrose Circle. This portion of the CRT proposed by the project, Reach 5 (from Palomar Airport
Road to a point just south of the Poinsettia Coaster Station Driveway), would include a Class II bike
lane along both sides of Avenida Encinas, consisting of a six-foot-wide striped bike lane within the
roadway. Other improvements would include roadway widening, new pavement, new sidewalks,
curb ramps, center landscaped medians, landscaping, biofiltration swales, lighting, fencing, and
retaining walls. Proposed improvements are described below, and a site plan is shown in Figures 4a
through 4c.
For the purposes of the project description, the proposed alignment is described in five sections that
correspond to specific improvements and roadway conditions along Avenida Encinas. These sections
are identified geographically from north to south as A through E (see Figures 4a through 4c).
Section A
Section A extends approximately 2,400 feet from Palomar Airport Road to near the main gate of the
Encina Water Pollution Control Facility. This section has an existing road ROW of 84 feet and would
be improved to include a 20-foot-wide roadway in each direction with a 10-foot-wide travel lane,
and a 7-foot-wide striped buffered bike lane within the roadway on both sides, a 10-foot-wide
center lane with an intermittent raised landscaped median in the center of the road, and a new 6-
foot-wide sidewalk with curb and gutter on the west side. To accommodate the proposed
improvements, a portion of the roadway would be widened with new pavement on the west side.
The existing sidewalk, curb and gutter, and curb cuts on the east side would remain. Other proposed
improvements in this section would include installation of new curb ramps at the Avenida
Encinas/Palomar Airport Road intersection, reconstructed and/or relocated bus stops, biofiltration
best management practice (BMP) swales, a median passageway with a flashing beacon, an
approximately 1,000-foot-long retaining wall on the west side, removal and undergrounding existing
utility poles and overhead telecommunications lines, and installation of new pavement overlay.
Figure 5 shows a typical cross-section of Section A and other cross-sections of the proposed
alignment, including locations where retaining walls are proposed on the west side of Avenida
Encinas.
Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project-::--------:
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Typical Cross-sections
Figure 5
Source: Nasland 2025
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -5- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
Section B
Section B extends approximately 300 feet from near the main gate to the service delivery entrance
of the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility. This section consists of an 86-foot ROW and would be
improved to include a 27-foot-wide roadway in each direction with a 10-foot-wide travel lane, and a
7-foot-wide striped buffered bike lane within the roadway on each side, and a 10-foot-wide center
lane with an intermittent raised landscaped median in the center of the road. The existing sidewalks
and curb and gutter on both sides of the roadway would remain. Other proposed improvements
include a new pavement overlay and on-street parking on both sides of the roadway. Figure 5 shows
a typical cross-section of Section B.
Section C
Section C extends approximately 1,000 feet from the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility service
delivery entrance to the main driveway of the Carlsbad Water Recycling Facility. This section has an
existing ROW width of 86 feet and would be improved to include a 27-foot-wide northbound
roadway and a 20-foot-wide southbound roadway with a 10-foot-wide travel lane, and a 7-foot-wide
striped buffered bike lane within the roadway on each side, a 10-foot-wide center lane with an
intermittent raised landscaped median, and new sidewalk and curb and gutter on the west side of
the road. Additional proposed improvements include a new pavement overlay and on-street parking
on the east side of the roadway. Figure 5 shows a typical cross-section of Section C.
Section D
Section D extends approximately 1,100 feet from the Carlsbad Water Recycling Facility main
driveway to the Poinsettia Station driveway. This section consists of an approximately 86-foot-wide
ROW and would be improved to include a 20-foot-wide roadway in each direction with a 10-foot-
wide travel lane, and a 7-foot-wide striped buffered bike lane within the roadway on each side, a 10-
foot-wide center landscaped median, and new six-foot-wide sidewalks with curb and gutter on both
sides. To accommodate the proposed improvements, a portion of the roadway would be widened
with new pavement on the east side. Other proposed improvements in this section would include
biofiltration BMP swales, new streetlights, a culvert extension and new headwall on the east side,
removal and undergrounding of existing utility poles and overhead telecommunications lines, and
installation of a median passageway with a flashing beacon, new pavement overlay, and new curb
ramps. The proposed drainage improvements (i.e., culvert extension and headwall) and associated
grading would occur outside of the road ROW on property owned by the city but controlled by the
Encina Wastewater Authority on portions of APNs 214-031-09, 214-031-03, and 214-031-10).
Improvements would require a right-of-entry permit from the Encina Wastewater Authority. Figure
5 shows a typical cross-section of Section D.
Section E
Section E extends approximately 650 feet from the Poinsettia Station driveway to just south of
Embarcadero Lane (north entrance). This section has an existing ROW width of approximately 85
feet and would be improved to include one 27-foot-wide roadway in each direction, with a 10-foot-
wide travel lane and one 7-foot-wide striped buffered bike lane within the roadway on each side, a
10-foot-wide center lane, and new 6-foot-wide sidewalk with curb and gutter on the east side of the
roadway. . In addition, new streetlights are proposed on both sides of the roadway. Figure 5 shows a
typical cross-section of Section E.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -6- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
Construction
Construction of the proposed project would take approximately seven months. Construction is
anticipated to consist of grubbing/land clearing, grading/excavation, drainage/utilities/sub-grade
installation, and paving. Grading would require approximately 2,500 cubic yards (CY) of material
export; drainage, utilities, and sub-grade would require approximately 1,500 CY of material import;
and paving would require approximately 5,000 CY of material import.
10. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING/SURROUNDING LAND USES: The City of Carlsbad is a coastal
community located in northwest San Diego County, 35 miles north of downtown San Diego. The
project occurs within the Coastal Zone and Mello II Segment of the city’s Local Coastal Program
(LCP). Portions of the project are also within the appeal jurisdiction of the California Coastal
Commission.
Surrounding land uses include Palomar Airport Road to the north; North County Transit District
railroad ROW to the west; the Poinsettia Coaster Station to the south; and a gas station, business
parks, car dealership, a wastewater treatment plant, and undeveloped land to the east.
The majority of the proposed project site is composed of developed land and disturbed habitat, with
relatively small areas of wetland and native upland habitats.
11. OTHER REQUIRED AGENCY APPROVALS (e.g., permits, financing approval or participation
agreements): The following permits may be required for the project:
• Clean Water Act (CWA) Section 404 Permit from the U.S. Army Corps Engineers (USACE)
• CWA Section 401 Water Quality Certification and/or Waste Discharge Requirements from the
Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB)
• California Fish and Game (CFG) Code Section 1602 Streambed Alteration Agreement from the
California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW)
• Right-of-entry permit from the Encina Wastewater Authority for offsite grading and drainage
improvements.
12. CALIFORNIA NATIVE AMERICAN TRIBES CONSULTATION.
a. Have California Native American Tribes traditionally and culturally affiliated with the project
area requested consultation pursuant to public resources code section 21080.3.1?
☒ Yes ☐ No
b. If so, is there a plan for consultation that includes, for example, the determination of
significance of impacts to tribal cultural resources, procedures regarding confidentiality, etc.?
☒ Yes ☐ No
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -7- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
January 12, 2026
13. PREVIOUS ENVIRONMENTAL DOCUMENTATION: Development of the proposed project would be
subject to the goals and policies identified in the General Plan, dated September 2015 (with the
Land Use & Community Design and Public Safety Elements dated January 2024), and the Trails
Master Plan, dated August 2019. In accordance with CEQA Guidelines Sections 15152 and 15168(c),
the following analysis is tiered from the Trails Master Plan Programmatic Initial Study/Mitigated
Negative Declaration (IS/MND; State Clearinghouse Number 2017041006), which is itself tiered from
the General Plan & Climate Action Plan Final Environmental Impact Report (General Plan EIR; State
Clearinghouse No. 2011011004). The CEQA concept of “tiering” refers to the analysis of general
environmental matters in broad program-level EIRs or IS/MNDs, with subsequent focused
environmental documents for individual projects that implement the program. This document
incorporates by reference the discussions in the program-level General Plan Update EIR and the
Trails Master Plan Programmatic IS/MND and concentrates on project-specific issues.
14. SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED:
The summary of environmental factors checked below would be potentially affected by this project,
involving at least one impact that is a “Potentially Significant Impact,” or “Less Than Significant with
Mitigation Incorporated” as indicated by the checklist on the following pages.
☐ Aesthetics ☐ Greenhouse Gas Emissions ☐ Public Services
☐ Agriculture & Forestry Resources ☐ Hazards/Hazardous Materials ☐ Recreation
☐ Air Quality ☐ Hydrology/Water Quality ☐ Transportation
☒ Biological Resources ☐ Land Use & Planning ☒ Tribal Cultural Resources
☒ Cultural Resources ☐ Mineral Resources ☐ Utilities/Service Systems
☐ Energy ☒ Noise ☐ Wildfire
☒ Geology/Soils ☐ Population & Housing ☒ Mandatory Findings of Significance
15. PREPARATION: The Initial Study for the subject project was prepared by:
Tim Belzman, Principal Planner Date
HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -8- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
16. DETERMINATION:
On the basis of this initial evaluation:
☐ I find that the proposed project COULD NOT have a significant effect on the environment, and
a NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared.
☒ I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment,
there will not be a significant effect in this case because the mitigation measures described
herein have been added to the project. A MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be
prepared.
☐ I find that the proposed project MAY have a significant effect on the environment, and an
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required.
☐ I find that the proposed project MAY have a “potentially significant impact(s)” on the
environment, but at least one potentially significant impact 1) has been adequately analyzed
in an earlier document pursuant to applicable legal standards, and 2) has been addressed by
mitigation measures based on the earlier analysis as described herein. An ENVIRONMENTAL
IMPACT REPORT is required, but it must analyze only the effects that remain to be addressed.
☐ I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment,
there WILL NOT be a significant effect in this case because all potentially significant effects
(a) have been analyzed adequately in an earlier ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT or
NEGATIVE DECLARATION pursuant to applicable standards and (b) have been avoided or
mitigated pursuant to that earlier ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT or NEGATIVE
DECLARATION, including revisions or mitigation measures that are imposed upon the
proposed project. Therefore, nothing further is required.
17. ENVIRONMENTAL DETERMINATION: The initial study for this project has been reviewed and the
environmental determination, indicated above, is hereby approved.
Eric Lardy, City Planner Date
18. APPLICANT CONCURRENCE WITH MITIGATION MEASURES: This is to certify that I have reviewed
the mitigation measures in the Initial Study and concur with the addition of these measures to the
project.
Signature Date
Print Name
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -9- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS:
1. A brief explanation is required for all answers except “No Impact” answers that are adequately
supported by the information sources a lead agency cites in the parentheses following each
question. A “No Impact” answer is adequately supported if the referenced information sources
show that the impact simply does not apply to projects like the one involved (e.g., the project falls
outside a fault rupture zone). A “No Impact” answer should be explained where it is based on
project-specific factors as well as general standards (e.g., the project will not expose sensitive
receptors to pollutants, based on a project-specific screening analysis).
2. All answers must take account of the whole action involved, including off-site as well as on-site,
cumulative as well as project-level, indirect as well as direct, and construction as well as operational
impacts.
3. Once the lead agency has determined that a particular physical impact may occur, then the checklist
answers must indicate whether the impact is potentially significant, less than significant with
mitigation, or less than significant. “Potentially Significant Impact” is appropriate if there is
substantial evidence that an effect may be significant. If there are one or more “Potentially
Significant Impact” entries when the determination is made, an EIR is required.
4. “Less than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated” applies where the incorporation of mitigation
measures has reduced an effect from “Potentially Significant Impact” to a “Less Than Significant
Impact.” The lead agency must describe the mitigation measures and briefly explain how they
reduce the effect to a less than significant level (mitigation measures from “Earlier Analyses,” as
described in (5) below, may be cross-referenced).
5. Earlier analyses may be used where, pursuant to the tiering, program EIR, or other CEQA process, an
effect has been adequately analyzed in an earlier EIR or negative declaration. Section
15063(c)(3)(D). In this case, a brief discussion should identify the following:
a. Earlier Analysis Used. Identify and state where they are available for review.
b. Impacts Adequately Addressed. Identify which effects from the above checklist were within
the scope of and adequately analyzed in an earlier document pursuant to applicable legal
standards, and state whether such effects were addressed by mitigation measures based on
the earlier analysis.
c. Mitigation Measures. For effects that are “Less than Significant with Mitigation Measures
Incorporated,” describe the mitigation measures which were incorporated or refined from
the earlier document and the extent to which they address site-specific conditions for the
project.
6. Lead agencies are encouraged to incorporate into the checklist references to information sources
for potential impacts (e.g., general plans, zoning ordinances). Reference to a previously prepared or
outside document should, where appropriate, include a reference to the page or pages where the
statement is substantiated.
7. Supporting Information Sources: A source list should be attached, and other sources used, or
individuals contacted, should be cited in the discussion.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -10- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
8. The explanation of each issue should identify:
a. The significance criteria or threshold, if any, used to evaluate each question; and
b. The mitigation measure identified, if any, to reduce the impact to less than significant.
9. Tribal consultation, if requested as provided in Public Resources Code Section 21080.3.1, must begin
prior to release of a negative declaration, mitigated negative declaration, or environmental impact
report for a project. Information provided through tribal consultation may inform the lead agency’s
assessment as to whether tribal cultural resources are present, and the significance of any potential
impacts to such resources. Prior to beginning consultation, lead agencies may request information
from the Native American Heritage Commission regarding its Sacred Lands File, per Public Resources
Code sections 5097.9 and 5097.94, as well as the California Historical Resources Information System
administered by the California Office of Historic Preservation.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -11- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
I. AESTHETICS
Except as provided in Public Resources Code Section 21099, would the
project: Po
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a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
b) Substantially damage scenic resources, including but not limited to,
trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic
highway? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
c) In non-urbanized areas, substantially degrade the existing visual
character or quality of public views of the site and its surroundings?
(Public views are those that are experienced from publicly accessible
vantage point). If the project is in an urbanized area, would the project
conflict with applicable zoning and other regulations governing scenic
quality?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
d) Create a new source of substantial light and glare, which would
adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
a) Would the project have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista?
Less than Significant Impact. Scenic vistas within the city primarily consist of scenic corridors and views
to and from the coastlines and the lagoons. A substantial adverse effect to scenic vistas could occur if
development proposed by the project introduces physical features that obstruct an identified public
scenic vista, impair scenic views from other properties, or involve a substantial change to the natural
landscape. The Pacific Ocean is among the city’s principal visual features, along with the city’s three
lagoons (Buena Vista, Agua Hedionda, and Batiquitos) and open space areas. Of these features, brief
glimpses of the Pacific Ocean are visible from certain locales along the project alignment where
intervening development and topography do not block westerly coastal views. Implementation of the
project would involve the construction of bikeway and pedestrian improvements. The adjacent railroad
corridor is also identified as a “special condition” scenic corridor in the city’s Scenic Corridor Guidelines
(City of Carlsbad 1988), which is to be addressed separately from other designated scenic corridors. The
project site is visible from the railroad corridor. The Scenic Corridor Guidelines provide guidelines for
treatments adjacent to the railroad corridor with the goal of improving visual quality of the city from the
perspective of train passengers. Improvements would include a Class II bike lane along both sides of
Avenida Encinas, consisting of a six-foot-wide striped bike lane within the roadway. Other improvements
would include roadway widening, new pavement, new sidewalks, curb ramps, landscaped medians,
landscaping, biofiltration swales, lighting, median passageways with flashing beacons, fencing, and
retaining walls. These improvements would generally involve minimal structural changes; no buildings or
major vertical structures are proposed that would project into the skyline or impede scenic vistas from
existing public trails, parks, or roadways. An approximately 1,000-foot-long retaining wall would be
constructed on the west side of the roadway along the slope between the roadway and adjacent
railroad corridor. Portions of the retaining wall would be visible from the roadway and/or adjacent
railroad corridor in areas where the wall would extend above the ground surface. Landscaping, including
screening trees, would be planted on the slope to largely obscure views of the retaining wall from the
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -12- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
adjacent railroad corridor. Thus, substantial adverse effects to scenic vistas and other scenic resources
would be less than significant.
b) Would the project substantially damage scenic resources, including but not limited to, trees,
rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway?
No Impact. There are no officially designated state scenic highways in the vicinity of the project site
(Caltrans 2024). I-5 is eligible for designation in the California Scenic Highway System; however, the city
has not nominated the portion of I-5 that falls within the city for official designation as a scenic route.
Moreover, development proposed pursuant to the project is not anticipated to substantially damage
scenic resources such as trees, rock outcroppings, or historic buildings, since it would involve
improvements within the existing road ROW or property owned by the city that would not affect
existing scenic resources. No impact would occur.
c) In non-urbanized areas, would the project substantially degrade the existing visual character or
quality of public views of the site and its surroundings? (Public views are those that are
experienced from publicly accessible vantage point)? If the project is in an urbanized area, would
the project conflict with applicable zoning and other regulations governing scenic quality?
Less than Significant Impact. The city does not have areas that are considered non-urbanized. Public
Resources Code (PRC) 21071 defines the term “urbanized area” for the purpose of CEQA to mean an
incorporated city that has a population of at least 100,000 persons or has a population of less than
100,000 persons if the population of that city and not more than two contiguous incorporated cities
combined equals at least 100,000 persons. According to U.S. Department of Commerce Bureau of the
Census (U.S. Census Bureau) data from 2023, the City of Carlsbad has a population of 113,495 (U.S.
Census Bureau 2023). Thus, the project site is within an urbanized area as defined by PRC 21071 and is
therefore evaluated relative to applicable zoning and other regulations governing scenic quality.
Applicable regulations governing scenic quality of the project site and area include goals and policies
within the city’s General Plan, Local Coastal Program, and Scenic Corridor Guidelines. An analysis of the
project’s consistency with applicable goals and policies is presented in Table 1, Project Consistency with
Scenic Quality Goals and Policies, below.
Table 1
PROJECT CONSISTENCY WITH SCENIC QUALITY GOALS AND POLICIES
Goal/Policy Consistency Analysis
Carlsbad General Plan
Land Use and Community Design Element Goal 2.G-16:
Enhance Carlsbad’s character and image as a desirable
residential, beach and open-space oriented
community.
Consistent. The proposed project would provide
additional transportation and recreation facilities that
would connect with existing facilities to enhance
multi-modal mobility and coastal access. The proposed improvements would be consistent with
planned improvements in adopted land use plans. In
addition, the proposed project elements would be
visually compatible with existing facilities in the
project area, as they would occur along an existing roadway and would not introduce new features or
uses that do not already exist in the project area.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -13- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
Goal/Policy Consistency Analysis
Land Use and Community Design Element Goal 2.G-17:
Ensure that the scale and character of new
development is appropriate to the setting and
intended use. Promote development that is scaled and
sited to respect the natural terrain, where hills, public
realm, parks, open space, trees, and distant vistas,
rather than buildings, dominate the overall landscape,
while developing the Village, Barrio, and commercial
and industrial areas as concentrated urban-scaled
nodes.
Consistent. The proposed project would provide
bikeway and roadway improvements along an existing
segment of Avenida Encinas that would be visually
compatible with the existing visual character of the
area. Proposed improvements would include small-
scale surface improvements that are common
roadway elements and already exist in the area. No
substantial grading, landform alteration, or
encroachment into open space areas would be
required.
Open Space, Conservation, and Recreation Policy 4-
P.1: Maintain an integrated open space classification
system that accommodates conservation, resource
production, recreation, and aesthetic needs.
Consistent. The General Plan classifies four categories
of open space, including Category 1 – Open Space for
Preservation of Natural Resources, Category 2 – Open
Space for Managed Production of Resources, Category
3 – Open Space for Outdoor Recreation, and Category
4 – Open Space for Aesthetic, Cultural, and
Educational Purposes. No Category 4 Open Space
areas occur on the project site or in the surrounding
area. Thus, no areas designated for aesthetic
preservation would be impacted.
Open Space, Conservation, and Recreation Policy 4-
P.2: Designate for preservation as open space those areas that provide unique visual amenities within the
urban form, such as agriculture, hillsides, ridges,
valleys, canyons, beaches, lagoons, creeks, lakes and
other unique resources that provide visual and
physical relief to the cityscape by creating natural contrasts to the built-up, manmade scene.
Consistent. The project site and surrounding areas are
not designated Category 4 Open Space for aesthetic preservation. The project site occurs along an existing
roadway and does not contain notable or unique
visual resources.
Local Coastal Program
Policy 7-13: Visual access over more than 80% of the
Carlsbad coastline is unobstructed because of public
ownership. No future public improvements which
would obstruct this visual access shall be permitted.
Consistent. Proposed improvements would generally
involve low-profile, surface improvements along an
existing roadway. No buildings or major vertical
structures are proposed that would impede coastal
views.
Scenic Corridor Guidelines
Railroad Corridor Property Treatment Adjacent to
Corridor Right-of-Way: A predominant tree theme
should be encouraged on adjacent properties. The
suggested tree is Pinus Torreyana.
Consistent. The project would include installation of
trees and other landscaping treatments in a unified
theme. Trees would be planted within center medians,
within biofiltration swales, and along the west side of
the roadway, adjacent to the railroad corridor.
Railroad Corridor Property Treatment Adjacent to
Corridor Right-of-Way Selective berming and
landscaping can be encouraged to improve aesthetics
and control noise.
Consistent. The project would include installation of
trees and other landscaping treatments in a unified
theme to improve visual quality within the project
area and provide screening for project elements,
particularly a retaining wall on the west side of the
roadway. Trees would be planted within center
medians, within biofiltration swales, and along the
west side of the roadway, adjacent to the railroad
corridor.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -14- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
As discussed in Table 1, the project would be consistent with applicable regulations governing scenic
quality of the site. Impacts would be less than significant.
d) Would the project create a new source of substantial light and glare, which would adversely
affect day or nighttime views in the area?
Less than Significant Impact. There are two primary sources of light that generally can affect a
developed area: light emanating from building interiors that passes through windows to the outside,
and light from exterior sources (e.g., street lighting, parking lot lighting, building illumination, security
lighting, and landscape lighting) that affect the natural ambient light level. The introduction of light can
be a nuisance by affecting adjacent areas and diminishing the view of the clear night sky, depending on
the location of the light source and its proximity to nearby light-sensitive areas.
The project site is in a developed area with a mix of commercial and industrial development as well as
transportation uses. Existing light sources in the project area include streetlights and vehicle lights along
surrounding roadways, as well as from interior and exterior building lighting emanating from the existing
buildings and parking lots on the surrounding properties.
The proposed project would include the introduction of new lighting along a roadway with existing light
sources. Proposed lighting would include new streetlights at select locations along Avenida Encinas.
Streetlights would comply with applicable city lighting regulations, such as use of shielding and low-
lumen lighting. The proposed lighting would be similar to the existing project area lighting and would
not introduce new and unique sources of light that would be substantial in relation to the existing
lighting characteristics of the project area. Therefore, although the project would introduce new sources
of light, since the sources are of similar nature to the surrounding land uses and the project would
adhere to the applicable regulations, the project would not create a new source of substantial light
which would adversely affect views in the area. Light impacts would be less than significant.
Glare impacts can occur because of artificial light or sunlight reflecting off the surface of an object or
structure. Glare can create discomfort or present safety concerns (i.e., if glare or a direct light source is
directed into the eyes of motorists). Project elements would not include highly reflective surfaces or
materials that would create adverse glare effects on the roadway or adjacent uses. Project lighting
would consist of standard streetlights designed to direct lighting onto the roadway and not onto
surrounding properties that would create a new source of glare. In general, surfaces and materials of
project elements would consist of natural or dark colors and natural or textured surfaces that do not
exhibit reflective properties. Therefore, the proposed project would not create a new source of
substantial light or glare that would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area. Glare impacts
would be less than significant.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -15- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
II. AGRICULTURAL AND FORESTRY RESOURCES*
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a) Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide
Importance (Farmland), as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program of the California
Resources Agency, to non-agricultural use?
b) Conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson Act
contract? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
c) Conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land (as
defined in Public Resources Code section 12220(g)), or timberland (as
defined by Public Resources Code section 4526), or timberland zoned
Timberland Production (as defined by Government Code section
51104(g))?
☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
d) Result in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to non-
forest use? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
e) Involve other changes in the existing environment, which, due to their
location or nature, could result in conversion of Farmland to non-
agricultural use? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
* In determining whether impacts to agricultural resources are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to
the California Agricultural Land Evaluation and Site Assessment Model-1997 (LESA) prepared by the California Department
of Conservation as an optional model to use in assessing impacts on agriculture and farmland. There are no lands present in
Carlsbad that meet the state’s definition of forest land (Public Resources Code section 12220(g)), timberland (Public
Resources Code section 4526), or production (Government Code 51104(g)). Therefore, questions related to forestry
resources will have no impact.
a) Would the project convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide
Importance (Farmland), as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and
Monitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to non-agricultural use?
No Impact. The Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program (FMMP) is a statewide program that
designates farmland among several categories, including Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, and
Farmland of Statewide Importance. The FMMP is maintained by the California Department of
Conservation (DOC) and is the agency responsible for overseeing farmland classification throughout the
state. Agricultural land is rated according to soil quality and irrigation status; the best quality land is
called Prime Farmland. Unique farmland is land, other than Prime Farmland, which has combined
conditions to produce sustained high quality and high yields of specialty crops. Farmland of Statewide
Importance may include tracts of land that have been designated for agriculture by State law. In some
areas that are not identified as having national or statewide importance, land is Farmland of Local
Importance. The project site does not include farmland and would continue to support transportation
facilities. According to the FMMP online mapping database (DOC 2022), most of the project site is
classified as Urban and Built-Up Land and does not contain any Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or
Farmland of Statewide Importance. A portion of Avenida Encinas and adjacent property is classified as
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -16- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
Farmland of Local Importance. This land occurs on a vacant parcel on the east side of the roadway and
across from the Poinsettia Coaster Station driveway that was previously used for agriculture. However,
this property does not support active agricultural operations and is zoned Planned Industrial/Office and
thus, agricultural uses are not designated or planned at this property. Therefore, the project would not
convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance to non-agricultural
use. No impact would occur.
b) Would the project conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson Act contract?
No Impact. The portion of the project occurring within the existing road ROW of Avenida Encinas does
not have a zone assigned to it. Portions of the project that extend outside of the ROW and onto adjacent
city-owned properties are not zoned for agricultural use. Additionally, the project site is not
encumbered by a Williamson Act Contract and would not affect any properties zoned for agricultural use
or affected by a Williamson Act Contract, as there are none within the project vicinity. Therefore, the
project would not conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson Act contract. No
impact would occur.
c) Would the project conflict with existing zoning for, or cause rezoning of, forest land (as defined in
Public Resources Code Section 12220(g)), timberland (as defined by Public Resources Code
Section 4526), or timberland zoned Timberland Production (as defined by Government Code
Section 51104(g))?
No Impact. PRC Section 12220(g) defines “forest land” as land that can support 10 percent native cover
of any species, including hardwoods, under natural conditions, and that allows for management of one
or more forest resources, including timber, aesthetics, fish and wildlife, biodiversity, water quality,
recreation, and other public benefits. PRC Section 4526 defies “timberland” as other than land owned by
the federal government and land designated by the board as experimental forest land, which is available
for, and capable of, growing a crop of trees of a commercial species used to produce lumber and other
forest products, including Christmas trees. Based on these definitions, no forest land or timberland
occurs within or adjacent to the project site. Moreover, there is no land zoned as forest land or
timberland that exists within the project site or within its vicinity. Therefore, the project would not
conflict with existing zoning for or cause a rezoning of forest land, timberland, or timberland zoned as
Timberland Production. No impact would occur.
d) Would the project result in the loss of forest land or conversion of forest land to non-forest use?
No Impact. As stated in item II.c above, implementation of the project would not result in the loss or
conversion of forest land to non-forest use because no forest land exists on the project site or in the
surrounding area. Therefore, no impact would occur.
e) Would the project involve other changes in the existing environment which, due to their location
or nature, could result in conversion of Farmland, to non-agricultural use or conversion of forest
land to non-forest use?
No Impact. There are no agricultural operations or timberland production operations within the project
site or vicinity. As stated in items II.a through II.d above, implementation of the project would not result
in conversion of Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of State Importance to non-agricultural
use or conversion of forest land to non-forest use. No impact would occur.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -17- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
III. AIR QUALITY*
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a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality
plan? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
b) Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria
pollutant for which the project region is in non-attainment under an
applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
c) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
d) Result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely
affecting a substantial number of people? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
* Where available, the significance criteria established by the applicable air quality management district or air pollution
control district may be relied upon to make the determinations in this section.
The discussion below is based on the Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Analysis (HELIX 2025a)
prepared for the proposed project, which is included as Appendix A to this IS/MND.
a) Would the project conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan?
Less than Significant Impact. The project site is located within the San Diego Air Basin (SDAB), which is
governed by the San Diego County Air Pollution Control District (SDAPCD) and California Air Resources
Board (CARB). The SDAPCD develops and administers local regulations for stationary air pollutant
sources within the SDAB and also develops plans and programs to meet attainment requirements for
both federal and state ambient air quality standards (National Ambient Air Quality Standards [NAAQS]
and California Ambient Air Quality Standards [CAAQS], respectively). The SDAPCD and the San Diego
Association of Governments (SANDAG) are responsible for developing and implementing the clean air
plan for attainment and maintenance of the Ambient Air Quality Standards (AAQS) in the SDAB. The
regional air quality plan for San Diego County is SDAPCD’s 2020 Plan for Attaining the National Ambient
Air Quality Standards for Ozone in San Diego County (Attainment Plan). The Attainment Plan outlines the
SDAPCD’s plans, and control measures designed to attain the state air quality standards, including
applicable portions of the California State Implementation Plan (SIP).
Assumptions for growth in the Attainment Plan and SIP are derived from local land use plans; therefore,
projects that are consistent with their local General Plan would not typically conflict with the Attainment
Plan. The project would not result in a change in land use or generate population growth and is
therefore within the scope of development that was anticipated in the city’s General Plan used to
develop the Attainment Plan and SIP. In addition, the proposed project would improve and encourage
multi-modal transit by providing bike lanes, sidewalks, crosswalks, reconstructed bus stops and
connections to the Poinsettia Coastal Station thereby making bicycle, pedestrian, and transit travel more
accessible. One of the benefits of increased trips from bicyclists and pedestrians is a potential reduction
in the number of vehicle trips, and therefore a reduction in vehicle emissions. A reduction of vehicular
emissions is consistent with the goals of the Attainment Plan. As such, the project would not conflict
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -18- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
with or obstruct implementation of the Attainment Plan or the SIP. Impacts would be less than
significant.
b) Would the project result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of any criteria pollutant for
which the project region is non- attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air
quality standard?
Less than Significant Impact. An area is designated in attainment when it is in compliance with the
NAAQS and/or CAAQS. These standards are set by the Environmental Protection Agency or the CARB for
the maximum level of a given air pollutant that can exist in the outdoor air without unacceptable effects
on human health or public welfare. The criteria pollutants of primary concern that are considered in an
air quality assessment include ozone (O3), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), sulfur dioxide
(SO2), respirable particulate matter (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of 10 microns or
less [PM10]), and fine particulate matter (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter of
2.5 microns or less [PM2.5]), lead and toxic air contaminants. Volatile organic compounds (VOCs), also
known as reactive organic gases (ROGs), and oxides of nitrogen (NOX) are precursors to the formation of
ground-level O3. Table 2, SDAB Attainment Designations, shows the designations for criteria pollutants.
As shown in Table 2, the SDAB is designated in attainment for all criteria pollutants under the NAAQS
with the exception of O3 (8-Hour) and PM10, which is listed as unclassifiable. The SDAB is currently
designated nonattainment for O3 (8-Hour and 1-Hour), PM10, and PM2.5 under the CAAQS. It is
designated as attainment under CAAQS for CO, NO2, SO2, lead, and sulfates.
Table 2
SDAB ATTAINMENT DESIGNATIONS
Criteria Pollutant Federal Designation (NAAQS) State Designation (CAAQS)
Ozone (8-Hour) Nonattainment Nonattainment
Ozone (1-Hour) 1 Nonattainment
Carbon Monoxide Attainment Attainment
PM10 Unclassifiable2 Nonattainment
PM2.5 Attainment Nonattainment
Nitrogen Dioxide Attainment Attainment
Sulfur Dioxide Attainment Attainment
Lead Attainment Attainment
Sulfates No Federal Standard Attainment
Hydrogen Sulfide No Federal Standard Unclassified
Visibility No Federal Standard Unclassified
Source: SDAPCD 2024
1 The federal 1-hour standard of 12 parts per hundred million (pphm) was in effect from 1979 through June 15, 2005.
The revoked standard is referenced here because it was employed for such a long period and because this benchmark
is addressed in State Implementation Plans.
2 At the time of designation, if the available data does not support a designation of attainment or nonattainment, the
area is designated as unclassifiable.
NAAQS = National Ambient Air Quality Standards; CAAQS = California Ambient Air Quality Standards; PM10 = respirable
particulate matter with a diameter of 10 microns or less; PM2.5 = fine particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 microns or less.
Construction Emissions
Project construction would result in emissions associated with grading and construction. However,
grading and construction operations associated with the project would minimize emissions through
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -19- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
standard construction measures, storm water pollution prevention plan requirements, and BMPs that
would reduce fugitive dust debris, emissions and other criteria pollutant emissions during grading and
construction. Criteria pollutant emissions from project construction were estimated using the California
Emissions Estimator Model (CalEEMod). The estimated maximum daily emissions associated with
project construction are shown in Table 3, Maximum Daily Construction Emissions. Project construction
emissions were compared to the SDAPCD’s Air Quality Impact Analysis (AQIA) Trigger Levels as
contained within SDAPCD Regulation II, Rule 20.2. As shown in Table 3, maximum daily construction
emissions would be well below SDAPCD trigger levels.
Table 3
MAXIMUM DAILY CONSTRUCTION EMISSIONS
Pollutant Emissions
(pounds per day)
Phase ROG NOX CO SOX PM10 PM2.5
Grubbing/Land Clearing 0.53 5.36 5.53 0.01 0.81 0.33
Grading/Excavation 3.65 30.10 38.40 0.07 3.12 1.44
Drainage/Utilities/Sub-grade 1.91 16.43 21.17 0.04 1.58 0.72
Paving 0.91 8.50 12.99 0.02 0.68 0.38
Maximum Daily Emissions 3.65 30.10 38.40 0.07 3.12 1.44
SDAPCD Trigger Levels 137 250 550 250 100 67
Significant Impact? No No No No No No
ROG = reactive organic gas; NOX = oxides of nitrogen; CO = carbon monoxide; SOX = oxides of sulfur; PM10 = particulate matter
with a diameter of 10 microns or less); PM2.5 = particulate matter with a diameter of 2.5 microns or less);
SDAPCD = San Diego Air Pollution Control District
Operational Emissions
The proposed bikeway and pedestrian improvements would encourage alternative forms of
transportation such as walking and bicycling, as well as transit, which would potentially reduce the
number of vehicle trips, and thus reduce vehicular air pollutant emissions that could contribute to an
existing or project air quality violation. Operational emissions associated with the project are anticipated
to be consistent with the Attainment Plan and SIP and would not exceed SDAPCD standards.
The proposed project would represent a contribution to a cumulatively considerable potential net
increase in emissions throughout the SDAB. As described above, however, emissions associated with the
proposed project would be minimal. Given the limited emissions potentially associated with the
proposed project, air quality would be essentially the same whether or not the proposed project is
implemented. According to the CEQA Guidelines Section 15064(h)(3), the proposed project’s
incremental contribution to the cumulative effect is not cumulatively considerable. Impacts would be
less than significant.
c) Would the project expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations?
Less than Significant Impact. Sensitive receptors include schools, hospitals, playgrounds, childcare
centers, athletic facilities, long-term health care facilities, rehabilitation centers, convalescent centers,
retirement homes or other facilities that house individuals with health conditions that would be
adversely impacted by changes in air quality. The closest sensitive receptors to project’s construction
activities would be the Solamar residential community located west of the railroad ROW on Oceanview
Drive (approximately as close as 150 feet from the project alignment), Community Montessori Charter
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -20- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
School (6797 Embarcadero Lane) located approximately 60 feet from the project alignment at the
southern project limit, and a Carlsbad Seapointe Resort (6400 Surfside Lane) located approximately 200
feet to west. During the seven-month construction period, diesel exhaust particulate matter would be
generated by construction equipment and vehicles. Diesel exhaust particulate matter is known by the
State of California to include carcinogenic compounds, and long-term exposure to diesel exhaust
emissions has the potential to result in adverse health effects. The risks associated with exposure to
carcinogenic substances are typically based on a lifetime of chronic exposure, which is defined in the
California Air Pollution Control Officers’ Associated Air Toxics “Hot Spots” Program Risk Assessment
Guidelines as 24 hours per day, 7 days per week, 365 days per year, for 70 years. Accordingly, given the
lack of operational emissions associated with the proposed bikeway and pedestrian improvements, the
temporary (seven-month) nature of project construction, and the fact that construction equipment
would operate adjacent to a given receptor for no more than several days at a time, potential impacts
related to exposure of existing sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations (including
diesel exhaust) would be less than significant. Similarly, future potential sensitive receptors (users of the
bikeway and pedestrian improvements) may be exposed to occasional diesel exhaust from passing
vehicles; however, exposure to these pollutants would be intermittent and short-term. Impacts would
be less than significant.
d) Would the project result in other emissions (such as those leading to odors) adversely affecting a
substantial number of people?
Less than Significant Impact: Project construction could generate odors associated with fuel combustion
and asphalt paving. Such temporary odors may be detectable by a limited number of nearby sensitive
receptors residents; however, these odors would dissipate into the atmosphere upon release and would
only temporarily remain in proximity to the construction equipment and vehicles. Potential odors would
be temporary and localized within the immediate project vicinity. Operation of the proposed bikeway
and pedestrian improvements would not include sources of objectionable odors. Therefore, the
proposed project would not result in other emissions such as those leading to odors that would
adversely affect a substantial number of people. Impacts would be less than significant.
IV. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES
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a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat
modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations,
or by California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service?
☐ ☒ ☐ ☐
b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian, aquatic or wetland
habitat or other sensitive natural community identified in local or
regional plans, policies, or regulations or by California Department of
Fish and Game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service?
☐ ☒ ☐ ☐
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -21- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
IV. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES
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c) Have a substantial adverse effect on state or federally protected
wetlands (including but not limited to marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other
means?
☐ ☒ ☐ ☐
d) Interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or
migratory fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or
migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife
nursery sites?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
e) Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological
resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
f) Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan,
Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local,
regional, or state habitat conservation plan?
☐ ☒ ☐ ☐
In accordance with mitigation measure BIO-1 from the Trails Master Plan Programmatic IS/MND, a
Biological Technical Report (BTR) was prepared for the project (HELIX 2025b; Appendix B). The report
details existing biological conditions within the project site and provides an analysis of potential impacts
on sensitive biological resources with respect to local, state, and federal policy. The surveys included as
part of the project-specific BTR were conducted in accordance with mitigation measure BIO-2 from the
Trails Master Plan Programmatic IS/MND.
a) Would the project have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or through habitat
modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local
or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Wildlife or
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service?
Less than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. The BTR evaluated potential impacts to special-
status plant and animal species in the vicinity of the project site. A summary of the status of sensitive
species within the project site and vicinity, as well as potential impacts to these species, are presented
below.
Direct Impacts
Special-Status Plant Species
Special-status plant species are those with recognition by the USFWS, CDFW, California Native Plant
Society’s (CNPS) Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants, or the local Carlsbad HMP. Their status is
often based on one or more of three distributional attributes: geographic range, habitat specificity,
and/or population size. A species that exhibits a small or restricted range (such as those endemic to the
region) is geographically rare. A species may be more or less abundant but occurs only in specific
habitats. Lastly, a species may be widespread but exist naturally in small populations.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -22- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
Two special-status plant species, California adolphia (Adolphia californica) and California box-thorn
(Lycium californicum), were observed during the biological surveys (general biological survey and rare
plant survey) conducted for the biological study area, which encompasses the project site and an
approximately 50-foot buffer. Approximately 70 California adolphia individuals were observed within
Diegan coastal sage scrub in the northern portion of the study area west of Avenida Encinas and the
railroad. Most individuals occur outside of the project limits within a dense cluster at the top of a berm
between Avenida Encinas and the railroad. Approximately 75 California box-thorn individuals were
observed in the northern portion of the study area west of Avenida Encinas, including 70 individuals
within Diegan coastal sage scrub and 5 individuals within disturbed habitat. Most of the individuals
occur outside of the project limits.
In addition to the two special-status plant species observed on site, 45 special-status plant species were
determined to have the potential to occur on site due to the presence of suitable habitat (see
Appendix C of the BTR for the list of species with the potential to occur); however, none of the 45
species has moderate or higher potential to occur on site. No plant species that are Covered or
considered Narrow Endemic under the HMP are expected to occur on the project site.
A total of 18 individuals of California adolphia and 21 individuals of California box-thorn would be
removed during project grading. The project’s impacts to 18 California adolphia (CRPR 2.1) would not be
considered significant due to the small numbers of individuals impacted, their location outside of an
existing or proposed hardline conservation area, and the adequate conservation of this species by the
city’s HMP. Proposed project impacts to 21 California box-thorn (CRPR 4.2) also would not be considered
significant. CRPR 4 species are considered relatively widespread species that do not typically require
species-specific mitigation. The proposed impacts to California box-thorn would not substantially reduce
their populations in the region and would not be considered significant. Therefore, the project would
not result in significant impacts to special-status plant species, and no mitigation is required.
Special-Status Animal Species
Special-status animal species are those with recognition by the USFWS, CDFW, or the local Carlsbad
HMP. In general, the principal reason an individual taxon (species or subspecies) is given such
recognition is the documented or perceived decline or limitations of its population size or geographical
extent and/or distribution, resulting in most cases from habitat loss. Additionally, avian nesting is
protected by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) and California Fish and Game (CFG) Code.
No special-status animal species were detected within the project site or study area during the biological
surveys. However, 13 special-status animal species were determined to have the potential to occur on
site due to the presence of suitable habitat (see Appendix D of the BTR for the list of species with the
potential to occur). One species, coastal California gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica californica) has a
moderate potential to occur on the site. No additional special-status animal species were determined to
have a moderate or higher potential to occur due to lack of suitable habitat. No animal species that are
considered Narrow Endemic under the HMP are expected to occur on site.
Direct impacts (through habitat modification) may occur to coastal California gnatcatcher (Federally
Threatened, State of California Species of Special Concern and Carlsbad HMP Covered Species), which
has the potential to use Diegan coastal sage scrub within and adjacent to the project alignment for
breeding, foraging, and dispersal. Direct impacts to this species are considered significant, and
mitigation measures BIO-1 and BIO-2 would be implemented to reduce impacts to less than-significant.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -23- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
Crotch’s bumble bee (Bombus crotchii) is a CDFW listed candidate species. As such, it is awarded the
same protections as a state listed species. It is found throughout southwestern California from the
Central Valley south to the U.S./Mexico border and inhabits open grasslands and scrub habitats. It
primarily nests underground and forages on a wide variety of flowers. The impact area is mostly
developed with the existing roadway, and areas that are not already paved are mostly disturbed habitat
with small pockets of sage scrub in a very limited distribution. While there are some floral resources
present that could be used by Crotch’s bumble bee, the area is both highly disturbed and very
constrained by development and sufficient resources to support a colony are not likely to be present. As
a result, there is low potential for the species to occupy the site and no impacts to this candidate species
are anticipated to occur. Nevertheless, the city has agreed to conduct surveys prior to construction as a
condition of approval for the project.
Indirect Impacts
Indirect impacts to special-status species in the short-term are as a result of construction edge effects or
in the long-term during project operation. The project site is already subject to the long-term effects of
being situated within and immediately adjacent to existing development, and project implementation
would not cause additional long-term effects. The project would implement construction BMPs that
address edge effects and would adhere to the city’s HMP species requirements and city HMP adjacency
standards. Because coastal California gnatcatcher has the potential to nest within habitat immediately
adjacent to the project site, potential indirect impacts (i.e., excessive noise) to nesting could occur if
project construction activities are conducted during the breeding season for this species. Mitigation
measures BIO-1 and BIO-2 would be implemented to reduce impacts to less than significant.
Long-term indirect impacts to special-status species are not anticipated, as many of the effects are
already occurring under the current, baseline condition and would not be expected to worsen in the
post-construction condition. Examples include urban pollutant run-off (e.g., oils, pesticides, herbicides,
chemical fertilizers, etc.), presence of exotic plants and animals, and human encroachment into the
area, which could crush plants or deter nesting birds. Further, project compliance with the city HMP
adjacency standards would avoid potential long-term indirect impacts to special-status species;
therefore, no long-term indirect impacts are expected as a result of the project.
Mitigation: The following project-specific mitigation measures would be implemented and would satisfy
the requirements of mitigation measure BIO-5 from the Trails Master Plan Programmatic IS/MND.
BIO-1 Gnatcatcher Nesting Season Avoidance. No clearing of occupied gnatcatcher habitat may
occur between March 1 and August 15 per the conditions of coverage for this species.
BIO-2 Nesting Bird Avoidance. Potential direct impacts to nesting bird species protected under the
MBTA and CFG Code shall be mitigated by restricting brushing, clearing/grubbing, and grading
to outside of the breeding season of most bird species (general breeding season is January 15
to September 15). Grubbing, grading, or clearing during the breeding season could occur if it is
determined, based on the results of a pre-construction survey (see below), that no nesting
birds (or birds displaying breeding or nesting behavior) are present immediately before
impacting potential nesting habitat. The City of Carlsbad shall be notified of any sensitive bird
species identified during the pre-construction surveys.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -24- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
If project impacts to vegetation or grading are necessary within and/or adjacent to habitat
during the bird breeding season (January 15 to September 15), a qualified biologist shall
conduct pre-construction surveys to determine the presence or absence of nesting birds,
including raptors and sensitive bird species. The survey shall begin not more than three days
before the beginning of impacts or grading activities. If nests of listed birds, migratory birds,
raptors, or other sensitive species are located, they will be fenced with a protective buffer of
at least 500 feet from active nests of listed species, and 300 feet from other sensitive bird
species. Nests of non-sensitive bird species will be flagged for avoidance, and an appropriate
setback determined by the biologist. All construction activity will be prohibited within the
identified setbacks until a qualified biologist has determined that nesting behavior has ceased,
nests have failed, or young have fledged.
The USFWS shall be notified of any federally listed species observed nesting within 500 feet of
proposed grading activities, and the CDFW shall be notified of any state listed or special-status
species observed nesting within 500 feet of proposed grading activities.
If listed species are present and construction is to occur during the nesting season,
construction noise will be measured regularly to maintain a threshold at or below 60 dBA
hourly LEQ within 500 feet of breeding habitat occupied by listed species. If noise levels
supersede the threshold, noise barriers shall be erected to reduce noise impacts to occupied
habitat from project construction to below 60 dBA hourly LEQ, and/or the activities shall be
suspended until nesting is complete.
b) Would the project have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat or other sensitive
natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California
Department of Fish and Wildlife or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service?
Less than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. Sensitive habitats are those that are considered
sensitive by CDFW, are targeted for conservation under the State’s Natural Community Conservation
Plan (NCCP), are designated sensitive habitat group types under the Carlsbad HMP, are considered rare
within the region, or support special-status plants or animals.
A total of five vegetation communities and land cover types were mapped within the project site,
including southern willow scrub (HMP Habitat Group A), Diegan coastal sage scrub (including disturbed)
(HMP Habitat Group C), non-native grassland (disturbed) (HMP Habitat Group E), disturbed habitat
(HMP Habitat Group F), and developed land. Of these, southern willow scrub, Diegan coastal sage scrub,
and non-native grassland are considered sensitive natural communities. Disturbed habitat and
developed land are not sensitive natural communities.
The proposed project would directly impact 9.85 acres, of which 7.54 acres (76 percent) would occur
within developed land. An additional 1.83 acres would occur within disturbed areas characterized by
bare earth and/or a dominance of non-native vegetation. The remaining impacts of 0.47 acre would
occur to the periphery of native and naturalized vegetation communities (southern willow scrub, Diegan
coastal sage scrub, and non-native grassland) that overlap the road ROW area and occur immediately
adjacent to the existing developments along Avenida Encinas. Table 4, Sensitive Vegetation Communities
– Project Impacts and Mitigation, identifies impacts to the three sensitive vegetation communities that
would occur from implementation of the proposed project. Project impacts to sensitive natural
communities in Habitat Groups A, C, and E (refer to Table 4) would be considered significant. Due to
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -25- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
these direct impacts, project-specific mitigation measures BIO-3, BIO-4, and BIO-5 would be
implemented and would reduce impacts to less than significant.
Table 4
SENSITIVE VEGETATION COMMUNITIES – PROJECT IMPACTS AND MITIGATION
HMP
Group Vegetation Community Total Impacts
(ac)
Mitigation
Ratio
Mitigation
Acreage
A Southern willow scrub 0.03 1:12 0.03
C Diegan coastal sage scrub, gnatcatcher occupied1 0.33 2:13 0.66
E Non-native grassland, disturbed 0.11 0.5:1 0.06
TOTAL 0.47 - 0.75
1 Protocol surveys not conducted; gnatcatcher presumed present, thus habitat included as Group C.
2 1:1 is anticipated if mitigation is met through use of the city’s unused credits purchased from the North County Habitat Bank, as the Bank has met success criteria, and the project site is located within the same watershed as the Bank. 3 Impacts to coastal sage scrub in the coastal zone are mitigated at 2:1, irrespective of whether the habitat is occupied by coastal California gnatcatcher. Indirect impacts to vegetation communities are generally short-term and associated with edge effects of
project construction. Common adverse edge effects during construction include fugitive dust, erosion,
and sedimentation. The proposed project will implement current construction BMPs that address these
common edge effects; therefore, indirect impacts to vegetation communities are not expected.
Additionally, areas of temporary disturbance along the alignment would be revegetated with native
habitat. The project would also adhere to the city’s HMP Adjacency Standards, further ensuring that
indirect impacts (including long-term impacts) to vegetation within the Hardline Preserve would not
occur.
Mitigation: The following project-specific mitigation measures would be implemented and would satisfy
the requirements of mitigation measures BIO-4 and BIO-6 from the Trails Master Plan Programmatic
IS/MND.
BIO-3 Compensatory Mitigation and Revegetation of Temporary Impacts. Project mitigation for
impacts to native habitat types shall be provided to achieve no net loss. Impacts to Group A
riparian habitats (i.e., southern willow scrub) shall be mitigated at a minimum 1:1 ratio,
Group C upland habitat (coastal sage scrub) at a 2:1 ratio, and Group E upland habitat (non-
native grassland [disturbed]) at a 0.5:1 ratio.
Mitigation for permanent impacts to HMP Group A, C, and E habitat shall be provided at an
off-site location approved by the City of Carlsbad. The project mitigation for Group A and C
habitat shall include a minimum 1:1 creation or substantial restoration to ensure no-net loss
of native habitat.
Southern Willow Scrub: Mitigation for impacts to 0.03 acre of Group A southern willow scrub
is proposed to occur at a 1:1 ratio through the use of 0.03 acre of the City of Carlsbad’s
unused North County Habitat Bank mitigation credits.
Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub: Mitigation for impacts to 0.33 acre of Group C Diegan coastal
sage scrub is proposed to occur at a 2:1 ratio through one or a combination of the following
options:
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -26- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
a) Use of 0.66 acre of SANDAG Sage Hill Mitigation Parcel mitigation credits; or
b) Creation, restoration, and/or enhancement at The Crossings site identified as a
“Proposed Future Mitigation Area,” and/or another offsite location to be
determined by the City of Carlsbad, totaling 0.66 acre, with at least 0.33 acre (1:1)
composed of creation or substantial restoration.
Non-native Grassland: Mitigation for impacts to 0.11 acre of Group D non-native grassland is
proposed to occur at a 0.5:1 ratio through the use of 0.06 credit at the City of Carlsbad’s Lake
Calavera Mitigation Parcel.
If mitigation credits are not used to mitigate for project impacts to Diegan coastal sage scrub,
a Restoration Plan addressing compensatory mitigation for impacts to this habitat shall be
prepared for review and approval by the city’s Planning Department and HMP Coordinator.
The final restoration plan shall be submitted for review at least 30 days before initiating
project impacts. Where the off-site mitigation would occur within lands that are not already
preserved in perpetuity and subject to long-term management within an existing biological
conservation easement, the City of Carlsbad shall record an Open Space Easement and a
Conservation Easement or Restrictive Covenant over the off-site mitigation lands and provide
long-term management. Before clearing or impacts to any habitat, the following items shall be
approved by the city’s Planning Department and HMP Coordinator and considered final:
Recordation of Conservation Easement, Restoration Plan, Preserve Management Plan, long-
term management funding, and Management Agreement with qualified preserve manager, if
not the City of Carlsbad.
BIO-4 Construction Fencing and Equipment Staging and Maintenance. To help ensure errant
impacts to sensitive vegetation communities outside of the impact footprint are avoided
during construction, environmental fencing (including silt fencing where determined
necessary by the SWPPP) would be installed at the edges of the impact limits before the
initiation of grading. All construction staging shall occur within the approved limits of
construction.
Throughout construction, employees shall strictly limit their activities, vehicles, equipment,
and construction materials to the fenced project footprint or within existing developed areas.
Equipment maintenance, staging, and dispensing of fuel, oil, coolant, or any other such
activities shall occur in designated areas within the fenced project impact limits. These
designated areas shall be located in previously developed and disturbed areas to the
maximum extent practicable in such a manner as to prevent any runoff from entering adjacent
off-site habitats and shall be shown on the construction plans. Fueling of equipment shall take
place within existing developed areas. Contractor equipment shall be checked for leaks before
operation and repair, as necessary. “No-fueling zones” shall be designated on construction
plans.
If work occurs beyond the fenced or demarcated limits of impact, work shall cease until the
problem has been remedied to the satisfaction of City Planning. Impacts to jurisdictional areas
or HMP Habitat Groups that occur beyond the approved work limits fence shall be mitigated
in accordance with ratios specified in the Carlsbad HMP or as otherwise determined by City
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -27- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
Planning and in coordination with the applicable resource agencies, as appropriate.
Temporary construction fencing shall be removed upon project completion.
BIO-5 Biological Construction Monitoring. A qualified biologist will monitor the installation of
environmental fencing wherever it would abut sensitive vegetation communities,
jurisdictional waters or wetlands, or biological open space. The biologist also will conduct a
pre-construction environmental training session for construction personnel to inform them of
the sensitive biological resources on-site and avoidance measures to remain in compliance
with project approvals. The biologist also will monitor vegetation clearing, grubbing, and
grading activities on a regular basis to help ensure compliance with project approvals.
c) Would the project have a substantial adverse effect on state or federally protected wetlands
(including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) through direct removal, filling,
hydrological interruption, or other means?
Less than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. Potentially jurisdictional aquatic resources within
the study area were mapped as part of the general biological survey conducted on November 15, 2022,
followed by a formal jurisdictional delineation within the project site on August 20, 2024. The project
site supports one potential jurisdictional feature, consisting of a small, isolated stand (0.03 acre) of
southern willow scrub immediately adjacent to Avenida Encinas. This small stand of willow was created
by urban runoff from a culvert outlet. It is an isolated feature that does not meet the three-parameter
USACE or RWQCB wetland criteria, it is not a stream, nor does it exhibit an ordinary high water mark.
For these reasons, it was not considered a USACE-jurisdictional or RWQCB-jurisdictional aquatic
resource. Further, this small, isolated stand of southern willow scrub is not located along a stream or
lake and, therefore, is not a streambed or riparian resource under CDFW jurisdiction as CDFW does not
regulate isolated riparian or wetland habitats under Sections 1600-1603 of the CFG Code. Although not
considered to fall under USACE-, RWQCB-, or CDFW-jurisdiction, the southern willow scrub would still
meet the one-parameter definition for CCC coastal wetland. The proposed project would impact this
0.03-acre potential jurisdictional feature. Impacts to CCC coastal wetlands would be considered
significant. Implementation of mitigation measure BIO-3 identified above would reduce impacts to less
than significant.
Additionally, as a regulatory requirement, the city would be required to submit the appropriate agency
notifications and permit applications for impacts to jurisdictional resources and obtain necessary
permits. Final permit requirements would be determined in consultation with the regulating agencies.
Implementation of construction BMPs and compliance with the city’s HMP, including adjacency
standards, would avoid indirect impacts to off-site jurisdictional resources. Further, features of the
proposed project would reduce some of the currently ongoing adverse effects (urban pollutant run-off)
to jurisdictional wetlands at the site by adding biofiltration swales. No indirect impacts to jurisdictional
wetlands or waters are expected as a result of the project.
Mitigation: Project-specific mitigation measure BIO-3 would be implemented and would satisfy the
requirements of mitigation measure BIO-4 from the Trails Master Plan Programmatic IS/MND.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -28- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
d) Would the project interfere substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory
fish or wildlife species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or
impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites?
Less than Significant Impact. Wildlife corridors are linear spaces of undeveloped native habitats that
connect large natural open space and provide opportunities for wildlife movement in the region.
Wildlife corridors contribute to species’ sustainability by providing access to adjacent habitat areas for
dispersal, foraging, and mating. Linkages between wildlife corridors connect isolated blocks of habitat
and allow the movement or dispersal of species over a large scale and the consequent mixing of genes
between populations (i.e., gene pool diversity). Wildlife movement corridors and linkages are
considered sensitive by the city, resource agencies, and conservation groups.
Important corridors and linkages have been identified on a local and regional scale throughout the
Multiple Habitat Conservation Program (MHCP) and city’s HMP. The planning objectives of most
corridors and linkages in coastal areas include establishing and preserving connections between the
northern and southern regional populations of the coastal California gnatcatcher, in addition to
facilitating movement and connectivity of habitat for large mammals and riparian bird species. The city’s
HMP includes an assemblage of Local Facility Management Zones (LFMZs), HMP Cores and Linkages,
Special Resource Areas (SRAs), and hardline conservation areas, with objectives to establish a network
of habitat for the sustainability of wildlife (mostly for birds and mammals) movement functions in the
city. Lands surrounding the project site to the north, east, and south are developed and constrained by
existing transportation corridors and commercial, industrial, and residential development. Lands located
west of the project site are partially developed and constrained by existing residences, hotel buildings,
and the LOSSAN rail line. The project site occurs within the existing road ROW or property owned by the
city and consists primarily of disturbed and developed lands. Although small areas of native and
naturalized habitat are within and adjacent to the project, these areas are small, highly constrained, and
fragmented by surrounding development. Although these habitats may provide marginal-quality
foraging and breeding habitat for reptiles, birds, small mammals, and possibly larger urban-adapted
mammals like coyote (Canis latrans), these lands do not function as a wildlife corridor or a linkage
connecting isolated blocks of habitat.
The project site is not within or adjacent to a biological core area or linkage identified in the city’s HMP.
The southern end of the alignment is located immediately north of a narrow, linear ribbon of hardline
preserve west of the Poinsettia Coaster Station, which is identified on Figure 4 of the HMP as SRA 2. This
area, which overlaps with USFWS Critical Habitat for San Diego fairy shrimp and spreading navarretia,
protects the Poinsettia Lane vernal pools and their watershed. As the project site is not identified or
considered a regional wildlife corridor or habitat linkage and would adhere to the city’s HMP adjacency
standards to ensure that indirect impacts to the off-site Hardline Preserve west of the Poinsettia Coaster
Station do not occur, impacts related to wildlife corridors would be less than significant.
e) Would the project conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting biological resources,
such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance?
No Impact. The City of Carlsbad Municipal Code Chapter 11.12.10 provides a comprehensive program
for installing, maintaining, and preserving trees within the city. The program establishes policies,
regulations, and specifications necessary to govern installation, maintenance, and preservation of trees
to beautify the city, to purify the air, to provide shade and wind protection, and to preserve trees with
historic or unusual value. The program aims to line city streets with trees and to conduct a consistent
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -29- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
and adequate program for maintaining and preserving these trees, as well as to protect and preserve all
desirable trees that are located on the city’s ROW. The program also encourages planting of new trees
on public and private property. The project would not conflict with the city’s tree program in that it
would install street trees within the proposed medians. The project also would not conflict with the
city’s Community Forest Management Plan, which focuses on the importance of trees in the urban
environment and outlines how the city cares for its existing trees and plans to increase the overall forest
canopy in the city. The plan highlights the importance of trees to the community including improved air
quality, habitat for wildlife, neighborhood beautification, and increased property value. The project
would be consistent with these principles as the project would install trees within the proposed medians
within the project alignment. Other local policies and ordinances protecting biological resources within
the city are contained in the city’s HMP. The project’s consistency with the city’s HMP is discussed below
in item IV.f. The project would not conflict with local policies or ordinances protecting biological
resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance. No impact would occur.
f) Would the project conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat Conservation Plan, Natural
Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation
plan?
Less than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. The city’s HMP, adopted in November 2004,
establishes a regional conservation planning framework for biological resources and development
projects occurring in the city. As a participant in the NCCP program and MHCP subregional planning
effort, the city prepared and adopted the Carlsbad HMP, which sets forth a city-wide program to identify
how, in cooperation with the USFWS, CDFW, and CCC, the city will preserve a diversity of habitats and
implement policies for the protection of biological resources while allowing for development consistent
with the city’s General Plan and Growth Management Plan.
Although the proposed project is within the boundaries of the city-wide HMP, proposed improvements
are within the city’s existing road ROW or adjacent property owned by the city. Existing city road ROWs
were not incorporated as native habitats in the city’s habitat conservation estimates for the HMP and
are intended to allow for planned roadway/mobility/infrastructure improvements on existing public
roads. These areas were not intended to be included in the HMP requirements for the development of a
“Property.” Thus, Property development requirements imposed by the HMP are generally considered
not applicable to city public road/infrastructure improvements within existing ROWs where no such
deed/title that would legally identify a “Property” has been recorded by the County Assessor. Regardless
of applicability, the project considered the HMP and HMP Zone Level recommendations and has
attempted to adhere to the requirements to the maximum extent possible, as discussed below.
Consistency with HMP Preserve
The proposed project is situated within LFMZ 3 and LFMZ 22. The project has been designed to stay
within the city road ROW (except for a drainage outlet and adjacent city-owned property) and out of
HMP preserve areas. Therefore, the project would not affect the HMP preserve and would be consistent
with the HMP preserve boundaries.
Consistency with HMP Species Requirements
No Narrow Endemic plant or animal species were identified during the field surveys or are expected to
occur on-site. The HMP states that the primary mitigation for impacts to HMP Species under the Plan is
the conservation and management of habitat for species in the preserve system. It also states that
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -30- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
incidental take must be minimized and mitigated to the maximum extent practicable. Table 9 of the
HMP provides specific minimization and mitigation measures for covered species. No sensitive animal
species addressed in Table 9 of the HMP were observed on-site during biological surveys. One species
addressed in Table 9 (coastal California gnatcatcher) was determined to have a moderate potential to
occur on-site; project consistency with the HMP for this species is discussed below.
Conservation goals for the coastal California gnatcatcher include:
• Conserve approximately 2,000 acres of coastal sage scrub.
• Conserve mapped gnatcatcher locations within conserved habitat.
• Maintain regional linkages.
Impact avoidance/minimization measures for the coastal California gnatcatcher include:
• Manage preserve areas to minimize edge effects.
• Prepare and implement a fire management program for preserve areas.
• Where possible, enhance and restore sage scrub habitat within preserve areas.
• No clearing of occupied habitat may occur between March 1 and August 15 annually.
The proposed project is located outside of preserve areas and would not affect any linkages. The project
would mitigate impacts to potential gnatcatcher habitat (Diegan coastal sage scrub) through habitat-
based mitigation identified in mitigation measure BIO-3 above. Direct and indirect impacts from
clearing/grubbing/grading impacts during the gnatcatcher breeding season would be restricted under
mitigation measures BIO-1 and BIO-2 identified above. Therefore, the project is consistent with the HMP
goals and impact minimization measures for the coastal California gnatcatcher.
Consistency with HMP Adjacency Standards
The project limits are entirely outside of any Hardline Preserve or other conservation area. The HMP
adjacency standards apply to the southern end of the project alignment where it is near the northern
end of a narrow, isolated reach of Hardline Preserve (SRA 2) that was established to protect vernal pool
habitat and associated sensitive plant and animal species. The HMP contains adjacency standards
related to fire management; erosion control; landscaping restrictions; fencing, signs, and lighting; and
predator and exotic species control. The project would not include structures or uses that would pose as
a fire risk to the adjacent preserve. The project would not result in substantial erosion as the project
does not propose the construction of slopes and no erodible or unvegetated slopes occur on site, and
because the project would comply with National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)
requirements and a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP). Invasive species would not be
planted as part of the project’s landscaping and no irrigation is proposed. Fencing and signage would be
appropriately provided along the project alignment to preclude access, and lighting associated with the
project would be the minimum amount necessary for safety and directed away from SRA 2. Therefore,
the project would be consistent with the HMP Adjacency Standards.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -31- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
Consistency with Zone Level Recommendations
The Carlsbad HMP includes conservation goals and standards arranged according to the LFMZ, which will
apply to future development proposals in the standards areas. Regarding the proposed project, the site
is located within LFMZ 3 and LFMZ 22. There are no zone-specific preserve management guidelines for
LFMZ 3, and, therefore, no conflict with the proposed project exists. The proposed project is not located
within a current or future proposed preserve area, and project implementation would not conflict with
the management goals and guidelines for LFMZ 22 for the following reasons:
• The project would avoid impacts and minimize adverse edge effects to vernal pool habitat; no
effect on water quality of the pools would occur.
• The project would not conflict with preserve management actions to stabilize sensitive species
populations, as no changes in use are proposed by the project, and revegetation of temporarily
impacted areas will not use invasive species.
• The project would implement a SWPPP to address runoff, erosion, and sedimentation during
project construction for the protection of water quality against potential pollutants and will not
change runoff into vernal pool watersheds.
• The project would have no effect on the Preserve Manager’s ability to monitor the status of
preserved populations in LFMZ 22 to ensure they remain viable.
Zone Level recommendations typically do not apply to existing city ROWs, which are specifically in-place
for allowing roadway, mobility, and other planned infrastructure improvements to occur. Regardless of
applicability, the project considered the HMP Zone Level recommendations, and no conflict would
occur.
Consistency with Coastal Zone Standards
The entirety of the project is within the coastal zone, to which additional HMP standards apply. In
addition, the CRT is a mobility project within the city’s ROW and is a planned non-motorized
transportation and community enhancement project that is identified in the city’s LCP as part of the
North Coast Corridor Public Works Plan/Transportation and Resource Enhancement Program
(PWP/TREP) Overlay. While the LCP identifies CRT segments within the LOSSAN ROW, the benefits are
described as enhanced public access opportunities and reduced energy consumption and vehicle miles
traveled. The alignment of Reach 5, as proposed outside (but adjacent) to the LOSSAN ROW, would still
result in these noted benefits. The coastal zone conservation standards and their applicability to the
project are as follows:
Standard 7-1: Environmentally Sensitive Habitat Areas. Per the California Coastal Act (CCA),
Environmentally Sensitive Habitat Areas (ESHAs) are identified and shall be protected against significant
disruption. The nearest ESHA, as defined by the CCA, would be the vernal pool habitat within HMP
Hardline Preserve SRA 2.
The project proposes relatively minor impacts to native habitats occurring within and adjacent to the
road ROW along an existing road edge. Evidence of substantial disturbance (i.e., the proliferation of non-
native and invasive plant species, informal trails, and/or mowing) is currently present within all of these
roadside areas. Proposed project impacts to these roadside edges would not disrupt areas of ESHA.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -32- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
Indirect impacts to ESHA would be avoided through compliance with the HMP adjacency standards.
Therefore, the project is consistent with this HMP coastal zone standard.
Standard 7-2: Coastal Sage Scrub. Properties containing coastal sage scrub located in the Coastal Zone
shall conserve a minimum of 67 percent of the coastal sage scrub and 75 percent of the gnatcatchers on
site.
Impacts to coastal sage scrub have been avoided and minimized to the extent feasible, and are confined
to narrow strips of habitat immediately adjacent to the existing road. A total of 1.25 acres of coastal
sage scrub is present adjacent to the west side of Avenida Encinas along the project alignment. The
project would impact 0.33 acre or 26 percent of the coastal sage scrub, which would result in
conservation of 74 percent of the existing coastal sage scrub. Furthermore, the project proposes
mitigation to achieve no net loss (BIO-3). No gnatcatchers were detected within the study area during
the biological surveys; however, the coastal sage scrub has the potential to support gnatcatchers. The
project would mitigate impacts to potential gnatcatcher habitat (Diegan coastal sage scrub) through
habitat-based mitigation identified in mitigation measure BIO-3 above. Direct and indirect impacts from
clearing/grubbing/ grading impacts during the gnatcatcher breeding season would be restricted under
mitigation measures BIO-1 and BIO-2 identified above. Thus, the project is consistent with this coastal
zone standard.
Standard 7-7: Wetland Mitigation Requirements. Per this standard, property development that impacts
wetlands shall provide mitigation at a ratio of 3:1 for riparian impacts and 4:1 for saltwater or
freshwater wetland or marsh impacts.
The project would impact 0.03 acre of riparian habitat and would mitigate to achieve no net loss (BIO-3).
As discussed in items IV.b and IV.c, a 1:1 mitigation is proposed because the project is proposing to use
mitigation bank credits, which would purchase habitat that is already mature, and success criteria has
already been met. There would be no temporal loss of habitat.
Standard 7-8: No Net Loss of Habitat. Per this standard, the development of a property in the coastal
zone of Carlsbad shall result in no net loss of the following vegetation types: coastal sage scrub,
maritime succulent scrub, southern maritime chaparral, southern mixed chaparral, native grassland, and
oak woodland.
The project would impact 0.33 acre of coastal sage scrub vegetation and proposes mitigation to achieve
no net loss (BIO-3); thus, the project is consistent with this coastal zone standard.
Standard 7-9: Upland Habitat Mitigation Requirements. Habitat mitigation would occur in accordance
with HMP Table 11 and would result in no net loss; thus, the project is consistent with this coastal zone
standard.
Standard 7-11: Buffer and Fuel Modification Zones. Per this standard, the development of a Property
shall provide buffers between all preserved habitat areas and proposed development, including 100-
foot for wetlands and least Bell’s vireo occupied riparian areas, 50-foot for unoccupied riparian areas,
and 20-foot for all other native habitats.
As stated previously, the CRT is a mobility project within the city’s ROW and is a planned project
addressed within the city’s LCP. HMP development requirements, such as habitat buffers, are not
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -33- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
typically considered applicable to existing city ROWs, which are specifically intended for allowing
roadway, mobility, and other planned infrastructure improvements to occur.
The proposed alignment is primarily adjacent to existing disturbed habitat or developed lands, and in
the few locations where native habitat does occur, it is immediately adjacent to the existing roadway
and does not have an existing buffer. As such, there are no existing habitat buffers within the project
site that meet the HMP requirements. No portion of the alignment is within a hardline preservation
area, standards area, or focus planning area under the HMP. The project proposes to retain a no-buffer
condition; however, the project would improve the condition of temporarily disturbed areas in the ROW
by revegetating with native species. To further protect adjacent habitat, the project would install
biofiltration swales to capture and treat project runoff from developed areas.
Standard 7-12: Grading and Landscape Requirements. The project would adhere to the city’s grading
schedule and would have a project-specific SWPPP to address erosion and water quality during
construction. Thus, the project would not conflict with this coastal zone standard.
Mitigation: Project -specific mitigation measures BIO-1 through BIO-3 would be implemented and would
satisfy the requirements of mitigation measures BIO-4 and BIO-5 from the Trails Master Plan
Programmatic IS/MND.
V. CULTURAL RESOURCES
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a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical
resource pursuant to §15064.5? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an
archeological resource pursuant to §15064.5? ☐ ☒ ☐ ☐
c) Disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of
dedicated cemeteries? ☐ ☒ ☐ ☐
The discussion below is based on the Cultural Resources Survey Report (HELIX 2025c) prepared for the
proposed project, which is included as Appendix C to this IS/MND.
a) Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource
pursuant to §15064.5?
No Impact. In accordance with mitigation measure CUL-1 from the Trails Master Plan Programmatic
IS/MND, a records search of the project alignment and a half-mile radius was conducted at the South
Coastal Information Center (SCIC), historic aerial photographs and maps were reviewed, and a
pedestrian survey was performed at the project alignment to evaluate the presence of historic
resources. The SCIC records search results indicated that a total of 22 cultural resources have been
previously recorded within one half-mile of the project area; however, no cultural resources have been
recorded within the project area itself. The nearest resource is the historic Burlington Northern Santa Fe
Railroad (formerly the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway; P-37-024739), which is located adjacent
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -34- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
to the southern half of the project alignment. This railroad was originally constructed in the 1880s, but
no original elements remain within the section running from Palomar Airport Road in the north to
Poinsettia Lane in the south. Due to its modernization and associated lack of integrity, this portion of
P-37-024739 was previously recommended as ineligible for the National Register of Historic Places
(McLean, 2010 as referenced in HELIX 2025c) or California Register of Historic Resources and therefore is
not considered a historical resource under CEQA. Archival research did not identify any historic built
environment resources within the project area and indicated that the alignment had been disturbed in
the past by agricultural activities and the construction of Avenida Encinas. Furthermore, no historical
resources were identified during the pedestrian survey. As a result, the project would not cause a
substantial adverse change in the significance of a historical resource. No impact would occur.
b) Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of an archaeological
resource pursuant to §15064.5?
Less than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. As noted above in item V.a, the records search
conducted for the project identified 22 previously recorded cultural resources within a half-mile of the
project site, but none within the project site. The sites recorded within the search radius consist of 15
prehistoric sites, three prehistoric isolates, one historic building, one historic structure, one
multicomponent site, and one unknown resource. Additionally, the Native American Heritage
Commission (NAHC) was contacted on July 12, 2023, to request a Sacred Lands File search and a list of
tribal contacts. The results indicated that there are no tribal resources recorded within the project
vicinity. Letters were sent to the tribal contacts provided on January 16, 2024. Two responses have been
received from the Rincon Band of Luiseño Indians and the San Pasqual Band of Mission Indians
expressing concerns and requesting to consult. The city formally consulted with the Rincon Band of
Luiseno Indians pursuant to AB 52; see Section XVIII, Tribal Cultural Resources. While the city does not
formally consult with the San Pasqual Band of Mission Indians under AB 52, the city notified the San
Pasqual Band of the availability to comment on this Draft Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
prior to its release for 30-day public review.
In accordance with mitigation measure CUL-2 from the Trails Master Plan Programmatic IS/MND, an
intensive pedestrian survey of the project area was conducted by an archaeologist and a Luiseño Native
American monitor on July 28, 2023. The survey did not result in the identification of any cultural
material within the project area. Based on these results, no known archaeological resources would be
affected by the project. However, the project site is located within alluvial soils where there is potential
for buried cultural resources. It is possible that construction activities may uncover buried unknown
archaeological resources. If subsurface archaeological resources are encountered during construction,
such resources could potentially be damaged or destroyed, resulting in a substantial adverse change in
the significance of an archaeological resource. As a result, implementation of the proposed project could
result in a potentially significant impact to unknown archaeological resources. Implementation of
mitigation measures CUL-1 and TCR-1 and TCR-2, which are consistent with the city’s Tribal, Cultural,
and Paleontological Guidelines (City of Carlsbad 2017), would reduce impacts to less than significant.
Mitigation: The following project-specific mitigation measure, along with TCR-1 and TCR-2 in Section
XVIII, Tribal Cultural Resources, would be implemented and would satisfy the requirements of mitigation
measures CUL-3 and CUL-4 from the Trails Master Plan Programmatic IS/MND.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -35- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
CUL-1 Contractor Awareness Training. An archaeological sensitivity training program will be
developed in consultation with the TCA Tribe retained to monitor and delivered by a qualified
professional archaeologist prior to the beginning of ground-disturbing work for construction
crews working within the project area. The cultural awareness and sensitivity training shall
provide notification procedures if potential archaeological material is discovered, procedures
for coordination between construction and monitoring personnel, and information about
other situations that may arise if cultural resources, including human remains, are discovered
during construction. This training and communication protocol shall be communicated to all
new construction personnel prior to construction crews beginning ground-disturbing work on
the project, and on a poster that is placed in a visible location inside the construction job
trailer.
c) Would the project disturb any human remains, including those interred outside of dedicated
cemeteries?
Less than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. The records searches at the SCIC and NAHC
conducted for the project did not indicate the presence of identified human remains on or within a half-
mile radius of the project site. Most of the project site has been modified to accommodate the existing
roadway and although no human remains have been recorded in the project area, the potential to
encounter unknown human remains during the project’s ground-disturbing activities exists based on the
cultural sensitivity of the area. Implementation of mitigation measures CUL-1 and TCR-1 and TCR-2
identified above would reduce potential impacts to human remains to less than significant.
Mitigation: Project -specific mitigation measures CUL-1 and TCR-1 and TCR-2 would be implemented and
would satisfy the requirements of mitigation measures CUL-3 and CUL-4 from the Trails Master Plan
Programmatic IS/MND
VI. ENERGY
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a) Result in potentially significant environmental impact due to wasteful,
inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources during
project construction or operation?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
b) Conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or
energy efficiency? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
Subsequent to adoption of the Trails Master Plan Programmatic IS/MND, the 2019 comprehensive
update to CEQA added Energy as a resource category to CEQA Guidelines Appendix G, Initial Study
Checklist. Thus, energy was not addressed in the Trails Master Plan Programmatic IS/MND but is
addressed in this section due to changed regulations.
a) Would the project result in potentially significant environmental impact due to wasteful,
inefficient, or unnecessary consumption of energy resources, during project construction or
operation?
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -36- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
Less than Significant Impact. Energy used for construction would primarily consist of fuels in the form of
diesel and gasoline for the operation of construction equipment, haul trucks, and construction worker
vehicles. While construction activities would consume petroleum-based fuels, consumption of such
resources would be temporary and would cease upon the completion of construction. The petroleum
consumed during project construction would be typical of similar construction projects and would not
require the use of new petroleum resources beyond what are typically consumed in California. Based on
these considerations, construction of the project would not result in wasteful, inefficient, or
unnecessary consumption of energy resources.
The proposed project would include some new streetlights along Avenida Encinas and would therefore
require additional energy usage during the operation of the project. However, energy use from these
streetlights would be minimal and would comply with all state and local regulations regarding energy
usage, including with the city’s commitment to use energy-saving, high efficiency induction lamps. In
addition, the bikeway and pedestrian improvements would encourage the use of alternative forms of
transportation, including walking and bicycling, which could reduce reliance on automobiles and
associated petroleum-based energy resources. Therefore, project operations would not use energy in a
wasteful, inefficient, or unnecessary manner. Implementation of the project would not result in a
substantial increase in demand of local or regional energy supplies compared to existing conditions.
Impacts would be less than significant.
b) Would the project conflict with or obstruct a state or local plan for renewable energy or energy
efficiency?
No Impact. The project would be built and operated in accordance with existing, applicable regulations.
Construction equipment would be maintained to allow for continuous energy-efficient operations. The
bikeway and pedestrian improvements would provide opportunities for alternative transportation, thus
reducing reliance on automobiles and associated petroleum-based energy resources. The provision of
alternative transportation methods would promote energy conservation and would support policies and
goals set forth in the city’s Climate Action Plan (CAP), the city’s General Plan Sustainability Element,
SANDAG’s 2021 Regional Transportation Plan, and California’s 2018 Integrated Energy Policy Report
Update. Accordingly, the project would not conflict with State or local plans related to energy. No
impact would occur.
VII. GEOLOGY AND SOILS
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a) Directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects,
including the risk of loss, injury or death involving:
i. Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most
recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the
State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial
evidence of a known fault? Refer to Division of Mines and
Geology Special Publication 42.
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
ii. Strong seismic ground shaking? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
iii. Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -37- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
VII. GEOLOGY AND SOILS
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iv. Landslides? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
b) Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would
become unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on-
or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, or
collapse?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
d) Be located on expansive soils, as defined in Section 1803.5.3 of the
California Building Code (2016), creating substantial direct or indirect
risks to life or property? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
e) Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks
or alternative wastewater disposal systems where sewers are not
available for the disposal of wastewater? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
f) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site
or unique geologic feature? ☐ ☒ ☐ ☐
a) Would the project directly or indirectly cause potential substantial adverse effects, including the
risk of loss, injury, or death involving:
i. Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo
Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other
substantial evidence of a known fault? Refer to Division of Mines and Geology Special
Publication 42?
Less than Significant Impact. As shown in Figure 3.5-2 of the City of Carlsbad General Plan EIR, no
known active, potentially active, or inactive faults traverse the city or the proposed project alignment,
nor is the proposed project alignment located within an Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zone. The
Newport-Inglewood-Rose Canyon Fault, located approximately four miles offshore of the city’s
coastline, is the closest known active fault. While the potential for on-site rupture cannot be completely
discounted (e.g., unmapped faults could conceivably underlie the project alignment), the likelihood for
such an occurrence is considered low due to the absence of known faulting within or adjacent to the
project alignment. Therefore, impacts related to fault rupture from implementation of the proposed
project would be less than significant.
ii. Strong seismic ground shaking?
Less than Significant Impact. The project area is in seismically active Southern California and has the
potential to be subjected to moderate to strong seismic ground shaking. Seismic shaking could be
generated by events on any number of known active and potentially active faults in the region, including
the Newport-Inglewood-Rose Canyon Fault (offshore), as well as the Coronado Bank, La Nacion,
Elsinore, Agua Caliente, and San Jacinto fault zones. An earthquake along any of these known active or
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -38- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
potentially active fault zones could result in severe ground shaking, and consequently cause injury
and/or damage within the project alignment. However, construction of the proposed project would not
include major structures, and development of infrastructure improvements would conform to applicable
regulatory guidelines to accommodate seismic loading, pursuant to the California Building Code (CBC;
California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 2). Based on the lack of major structures and the
incorporation of applicable measures into project improvements, impacts associated with strong seismic
ground shaking would be less than significant.
iii. Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction?
Less than Significant Impact. Liquefaction is the phenomenon that occurs during severe ground shaking
whereby soil reduces greatly in strength and temporarily behaves similarly to a fluid rather than a solid.
Severe or extended liquefaction can result in substantial effects to surface and subsurface facilities
through the loss of support and/or foundational integrity. Liquefaction is restricted to certain geologic
and hydrologic environments, primarily recently deposited sand and silt in areas with high groundwater
levels.
Certain areas of Carlsbad have a higher risk of liquefaction due to the presence of hydrophytic soils that
are often saturated or characteristic of wetlands (e.g., Agua Hedionda Lagoon and Buena Vista Lagoon).
The project’s northern end is located approximately one mile from Agua Hedionda Lagoon, which is an
area that is subject to potential liquefaction. According to Figure 6-7 of the General Plan Public Safety
Element, a portion of the project site is also located in an area susceptible to liquefaction due to the
presence of tidal flats. However, the proposed project does not include structures requiring foundations
within the soils subject to potential liquefaction. In addition, the roadway, bikeway, and pedestrian
improvements would be constructed to resist lateral soil loads through design considerations such as
removal or re-compaction of liquefiable soils, in-site ground densification, and ground modification and
improvement. As such, the proposed project would not result in substantial adverse effects related to
ground failure or liquefaction. Impacts would be less than significant.
iv. Landslides?
No Impact. The city’s General Plan EIR analysis does not include any areas in the city identified as being
susceptible to landslides and the overall risk of landslides is low due to the lack of steep slopes in the
vicinity of the project alignment. Given the absence of active faults and the low risk of landslides, the
potential for seismically induced landslides is minimal. No impacts related to landslides would occur.
b) Would the project result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil?
Less than Significant Impact. Construction of the project could result in exposed soil during construction
activities such as ground clearance and grading, which would result in temporary impacts to the local
topography and soils; however, these activities are expected to be minor in scale as the proposed
improvements would occur within the existing developed road ROW or areas adjacent to the road on
property owned by the city that are predominately disturbed. Potential sedimentation and erosion
impacts during construction would be minimized or avoided with the implementation of erosion and
sedimentation control measures in compliance with NPDES permit requirements. Furthermore, the
project would adhere to the city’s Master Drainage Plan, Grading Ordinance, Storm Water Ordinance,
BMP Design Manual and Jurisdictional Runoff Management Program (JRMP) to avoid increased urban
runoff, pollutants, and soil erosion. Control measures during construction would include applicable
BMPs (per the city’s BMP Design Manual), such as covering stockpiled excavated materials to reduce
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -39- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
potential off-site sediment transport, and regular inspection and maintenance of all sediment
catchment facilities to ensure proper function and effectiveness. Upon completion of project
construction, most of the project site would be paved and would not include exposed soils that could be
subject to erosion. Some areas would include landscaping, such as within the roadway medians and
slopes along the roadway, but these landscaped areas would be stabilized and would not be subject to
substantial erosion. In addition, the proposed biofiltration swales would function to collect runoff from
the project site, thus minimizing the amount of off-site runoff and potential erosion that could result
from such runoff. The proposed project would not result in long-term operational impacts associated
with soil erosion or loss of topsoil as the site would be almost entirely paved and would not contain a
substantial amount of exposed soil. Compliance with NPDES permit requirements as well as city
standards for sedimentation and erosion control BMPs and other applicable city regulations, codes, and
ordinances, would ensure that erosion impacts from implementation of the project would be less than
significant.
c) Would the project be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or that would become
unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on- or off-site landslide, lateral
spreading, subsidence, liquefaction, or collapse?
Less than Significant Impact. As discussed in item VII.a.iv, the project alignment is not located within
areas prone to landslides. As discussed in item VII.a.iii, the proposed project does not include structures
requiring foundations within potentially unstable soils, and the bikeway and pedestrian improvements
would be constructed to resist lateral soil loads through design considerations. Per Section 15.16.060 of
the Carlsbad Municipal Code (CMC), grading permits are required for projects with more than 200 cubic
yards of earth movement or that cut and fill on steep slopes. Because the project would involve 1,000 CY
of cut and 5,500 CY of fill, it would be required to obtain a grading permit and comply with the city’s
Grading Ordinance (CMC Chapter 15.16), which requires a geotechnical investigation as part of the
grading permit application process that would identify potential hazards and provide recommendations
consistent with city standards. These actions would ensure that the project would not result in geologic
instability. Thus, impacts related to soil stability would be less than significant.
d) Would the project be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18-1-B of the Uniform Building
Code (1994), creating substantial direct or indirect risks to life or property?
Less than Significant Impact. Implementation of the proposed project could result in development on
an expansive soil; however, the project would be required to comply with the city’s Grading Ordinance
(CMC Chapter 15.16), which requires a geotechnical investigation as part of the grading permit
application process that would identify potential hazards and provide recommendations consistent with
city standards. In addition, the project would incorporate standard engineering techniques in
accordance with the CBC to avoid adverse effects of expansive soils. Thus, impacts related to expansive
soils would be less than significant.
e) Would the project have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use of septic tanks or
alternative wastewater disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of
wastewater?
No Impact. The project does not propose the use of septic tanks; therefore, no impact related to septic
tanks or alternative wastewater disposal systems would occur.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -40- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
f) Would the project directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological resource or site or unique
geologic feature?
Less than Significant Impact with Mitigation Incorporated. Paleontological resources are the remains
and/or traces of prehistoric plant and animal life, exclusive of human remains. The city’s Tribal, Cultural
and Paleontological Guidelines (City of Carlsbad 2017) show the project alignment within an area
mapped as having high paleontological sensitivity. However, the project’s ground-disturbing activities
would be minor in scale as the alignment generally follows previously paved, disturbed, or graded areas
and, as such, it is anticipated the project would have low potential to destroy paleontological resources.
In addition, previous disturbance and development in the project area further reduces the potential that
intact paleontological resources are present within the proposed project site. However, it is possible
that undiscovered fossils may be unearthed during construction. If fossils are present, they could be
damaged during construction activities, resulting in a potentially significant impact. Implementation of
mitigation measure GEO-1 would reduce potential impacts to unique paleontological resources to less
than significant.
Mitigation: The following project-specific mitigation measure would be implemented and would satisfy
the requirements of mitigation measure PALEO-1 from the Trails Master Plan Programmatic IS/MND.
GEO-1 Unanticipated Discovery of Paleontological Resources. If evidence of subsurface
paleontological resources is found during construction, excavation and other ground-
disturbing construction activity shall immediately cease at the location of the suspected
paleontological exposure plus a 50-foot radius around the suspected find (no-work area) and
the construction contractor shall contact the City of Carlsbad Planning Division. With direction
from the City of Carlsbad Planning Division, a qualified paleontologist shall evaluate the find
prior to resuming ground-disturbing construction activity in the no-work area of the find. If
warranted, the paleontologist shall prepare and implement a Paleontological Resources
Mitigation and Monitoring Program for the salvage and curation of identified resources for
approval by the City of Carlsbad and implementation by the construction contractor. The
paleontologist shall be responsible for salvaging, monitoring, recovering, and/or completing
any subsequent work deemed necessary, such as submitting paleontological resources to the
San Diego Natural History Museum, pursuant to Section 10.4.2 of the Carlsbad Tribal, Cultural,
and Paleontological Guidelines.
VIII. GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
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a) Generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that
may have a significant impact on the environment? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
b) Conflict with an applicable plan, policy or regulation adopted for the
purposes of reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
The discussion below is based on the Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Analysis (HELIX 2025a)
prepared for the proposed project, which is included as Appendix A to this IS/MND.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -41- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
a) Would the project generate greenhouse gas emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have
a significant impact on the environment?
Less Than Significant Impact. Global climate change refers to changes in average climatic conditions on
Earth as a whole, including temperature, wind patterns, precipitation, and storms. Global temperatures
are moderated by naturally occurring atmospheric gases, including water vapor, carbon dioxide (CO2),
methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), ozone, and certain hydro-fluorocarbons. These gases, known as
greenhouse gases (GHGs), allow solar radiation (sunlight) into the Earth’s atmosphere, but prevent
radiative heat from escaping, thus warming the Earth’s atmosphere. GHGs are emitted by both natural
processes and human activities. The accumulation of GHGs in the atmosphere regulates the Earth’s
temperature. Emissions of GHGs in excess of natural ambient concentrations are thought to be
responsible for the enhancement of the greenhouse effect and contribute to what is termed “global
warming,” the trend of warming of the Earth’s climate from anthropogenic activities. Global climate
change impacts are by nature cumulative; direct impacts cannot be evaluated because the impacts
themselves are global rather than localized impacts.
California Health and Safety Code Section 38505(g) defines GHGs to include the following compounds:
CO2, CH4, N2O, ozone, chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs),
and sulfur hexafluoride (SF6). As individual GHGs have varying heat-trapping properties and atmospheric
lifetimes, GHG emissions are converted to carbon dioxide equivalent (CO2e) units for comparison. The
CO2e is a consistent methodology for comparing GHG emissions because it normalizes various GHG
emissions to a consistent measure. The most common GHGs related to the project are those primarily
related to energy usage: CO2, CH4, and N2O.
In September 2015, the City of Carlsbad CAP was unanimously adopted by the City Council. This was
followed by the City Council’s unanimous adoption of CAP Amendment No. 1 in July 2020. On November
12, 2024, the City Council approved the Climate Action Plan Update, which outlines updated strategies
to reduce GHG emissions and promote environmental sustainability. The CAP Update is designed to
reduce the city’s GHG emissions and streamline environmental review of future development projects in
the city in accordance with CEQA.
The CAP includes goals, policies, and actions for the city to reduce GHG emissions and combat climate
change and includes an inventory of citywide and local government GHG emissions; forecasts of future
citywide and local government GHG emissions; a comprehensive, citywide strategy and actions to
manage and reduce GHG emissions, with emission targets through 2045; and actions that demonstrate
the city’s commitment to achieve state GHG reduction targets by creating enforceable measures, and
monitoring and reporting processes to ensure targets are met. The timeframe for the CAP extends from
the date of adoption through 2045. The CAP was developed as a qualified plan as described in CEQA
Guidelines Section 15183.5(b). The CAP established a screening threshold of 900 metric tons carbon
dioxide equivalents (MT CO2e) per year for new development projects to determine if a project would
need to demonstrate consistency with the CAP through the Consistency Checklist and/or a self-
developed GHG emissions reduction program (Self-Developed Program Approach). Projects that are
projected to generate fewer than 900 MT CO2e annually would not make a considerable contribution to
the cumulative impact of climate change and, therefore, do not need to demonstrate consistency with
the CAP.
Operation of the project would not generate GHG emissions. Rather, the project would allow for an
increase in multi-modal transit by providing bicycle and pedestrian facilities, which could reduce vehicle
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -42- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
trips and associated GHG emissions. Construction of the project would involve the use of off-road
construction equipment, haul trucks, and worker vehicles, all of which would generate GHG emissions.
Based on the relatively few pieces of heavy equipment anticipated to be required for construction and
the temporary nature of construction activities, the project would not generate substantial GHG
emissions. Emissions from project construction were estimated, using CalEEMod, to be 273 MT CO2e for
the entirety of the construction process, which would be approximately seven months. These emissions,
amortized over a 30-year period per guidance provided by the Association of Environmental
Professionals (AEP) and the South Coast Air Quality Management District (SCAQMD), would yield
approximately 9.1 MT CO2e per year, which is well below the city’s screening threshold of 900 MT CO2e
per year. As a result, the project would not generate GHG emissions, either directly or indirectly, that
may have a significant impact on the environment. Impacts would be less than significant.
b) Would the project conflict with an applicable plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of
reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases?
No Impact. As stated above in item VIII.a, the city adopted a CAP in 2015, revised the GHG targets in
2020 to be consistent with statewide GHG reductions goals established by AB 32 and SB 32, and adopted
a CAP Update in 2024. The CAP outlines actions that the city will undertake to achieve its proportional
share of state GHG emissions reductions. The CAP demonstrates that, with implementation of applicable
General Plan goals and policies, coupled with state and federal actions, and execution of CAP measures
and actions, the city will reduce GHG emissions in alignment with state goals established by AB 32 and
SB 32, and maintain a trajectory to meet its proportional share of the 2050 state target identified in
Executive Order S-3-05, which was issued by the Governor in 2005. More recently, AB 1279, signed in
September 2022, established a statewide target of reducing GHG emissions by 85 percent below 1990
levels no later than 2045 and achieving net zero emissions through carbon dioxide removal. AB 1279
was a key reason for Carlsbad’s CAP Update in 2024, and the city intends to reach the 85 percent
reduction target by 2045 established by the legislation.
As described in item VIII.a, the proposed project would be well below the city’s screening threshold of
900 MT CO2e per year. Further, the project entails pedestrian and bicycle improvements which would be
consistent with General Plan policies aimed at (among other things) reducing GHG emissions, as
presented in Table 5, Project Consistency with GHG Emissions Reducing General Plan Policies, below.
Table 5
PROJECT CONSISTENCY WITH GHG EMISSIONS REDUCING GENERAL PLAN POLICIES
General Pan Policy Project Consistency
Sustainability Element
Policy 9-P.1: Enforce the Climate Action Plan as the
city’s strategy to reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
Consistent. The project is subject to applicable
requirements and strategies in the city’s CAP and as
discussed above, the project would be consistent with
the CAP.
Mobility Element
Policy 3-P.8: Utilize transportation demand
management strategies, non-automotive
enhancements (bicycle, pedestrian, transit, train,
trails, and connectivity), and traffic signal
management techniques as long-term transportation
solutions and traffic mitigation measures to carry out
the Carlsbad Community Vision.
Consistent. The project entails bicycle and pedestrian
improvements consistent with adopted land use plans
and would provide improved access to transit facilities
that would reduce reliance on motorized vehicles,
which would reduce GHG emissions.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -43- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
General Pan Policy Project Consistency
Policy 3-P.17: Consider innovative design and program
solutions to improve the mobility, efficiency,
connectivity, and safety of the transportation system.
Innovative design solutions include, but are not
limited to, traffic calming devices, roundabouts, traffic
circles, curb extensions, separated bicycle
infrastructure, pedestrian scramble intersections, high
visibility pedestrian treatments and infrastructure, and
traffic signal coordination. Innovative program
solutions include, but are not limited to, webpages
with travel demand and traffic signal management
information, car and bike share programs, active
transportation campaigns, and intergenerational
programs around schools to enhance safe routes to
schools. Other innovative solutions include bicycle
friendly business districts, electric and solar power
energy transportation systems, intelligent transportation systems, semi- or full autonomous
vehicles, trams, and shuttles.
Consistent. The project would implement pedestrian
improvements and Reach 5 of the city’s portion of the
CRT that would connect to existing CRT segments to
improve connectivity and mobility within the city. The
proposed improvements would reduce reliance on
motorized vehicles, which would reduce GHG
emissions.
Policy 3-P.25: Implement the projects recommended
in the pedestrian, trails, and bicycle master plans
through the city’s capital improvement program,
private development conditions and other appropriate
mechanisms.
Consistent. The project would implement planned
bicycle and pedestrian improvements that would
reduce reliance on motorized vehicles, which would
reduce GHG emissions.
Policy 3-P.26: Identify and implement necessary
pedestrian improvements on pedestrian-prioritized
street with special emphasis on providing safer access
to schools, parks, community and recreation centers,
shopping districts, and other appropriate facilities.
Consistent. The project would implement pedestrian
improvements and Reach 5 of the city’s portion of the
CRT that would connect to existing CRT segments to
improve connectivity and mobility within the city. The
proposed improvements would reduce reliance on
motorized vehicles, which would reduce GHG
emissions.
Policy 3-P.28: Improve and enhance parking,
connectivity, access, and utilization for pedestrians
and bicycles to COASTER stations, utility corridors, and open spaces consistent with city planning documents.
Consistent. The project entails bicycle and pedestrian
improvements consistent with adopted land use plans
that would provide improved access to the Poinsettia Coaster Station. The proposed improvements would
reduce reliance on motorized vehicles and provide
opportunities for use of transit, which would reduce
GHG emissions.
As such, the project would not conflict with applicable plans, policies, or regulations adopted for the
purposes of reducing GHG emissions. No impact would occur.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -44- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
IX. HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS
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a) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through
the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
b) Create a significant hazard to the public or environment through
reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the
release of hazardous materials into the environment? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
c) Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous
materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing
or proposed school? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
d) Be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials
sites compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or
environment?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
e) For a project located within an airport land use plan, or where such a
plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or
public use airport, would the project result in a safety hazard or
excessive noise for people residing or working in the project area?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
f) Impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted
emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
g) Expose people or structures, either directly or indirectly, to a
significant risk of loss, injury or death involving wildland fires? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
a) Would the project create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through the routine
transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials?
Less than Significant Impact. Operation of the new bikeway and pedestrian improvements would not
involve the routine use, transport, and/or disposal of hazardous materials. Thus, no long-term
operational impacts related to hazardous materials are anticipated. Limited transport, storage, use, and
disposal of hazardous materials may occur during construction (e.g., the use of fuels, solvents, and
lubricating fluids for the fueling and servicing of construction equipment). The County of San Diego
Department of Environmental Health, Hazardous Materials Division is the designated Certified Unified
Program Agency (CUPA) for San Diego County and is required to implement the unified hazardous waste
and hazardous materials management and regulatory program for the County with the help of other
local agencies such as the city. Construction would be short term, and the handling of hazardous
materials would be regulated through implementation of CUPA programs, as well as conformance with
other applicable federal, state, and local regulations. Thus, the impact would be less than significant.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -45- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
b) Would the project create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably
foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the
environment?
Less than Significant Impact. Operation of the new bikeway and pedestrian improvements would not
involve the routine use, transport, and/or disposal of hazardous materials and thus, would not release
hazardous materials into the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident
conditions. Construction of the bikeway and pedestrian improvements would not be expected to create
a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident
conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment. The use of construction-
related hazardous materials such as fuels, solvents, and lubricating fluids could potentially result in
accidental discharges associated with storage, vehicle operation (e.g., refueling), or maintenance. The
improvements would be subject to General Plan, Public Safety Element Policy 6-P.40, which requires
regulations that require proper storage and disposal of hazardous materials to reduce the likelihood of
leakage, explosions, or fire, and to properly contain potential spills from leaving the site. Construction
would be short term, and the handling of hazardous materials would be regulated through
implementation of CUPA programs, as well as conformance with other applicable federal, state, and
local regulations. Thus, project construction and operation would not create a significant hazard to the
public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the
release of hazardous materials into the environment. Impacts would be less than significant.
c) Would the project emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials,
substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school?
Less than Significant Impact. The closest school to the project site, Community Montessori Charter
School (6797 Embarcadero Lane), is located approximately 60 feet from the project alignment at the
southern project limit; however, the project consists of a bikeway, pedestrian, and roadway
improvements which do not involve the routine use of hazardous materials that could adversely affect
humans at nearby schools. No operational impacts are anticipated. Potential construction and/or
maintenance-related impacts would be minimized or avoided through conformance with applicable
federal, state, and local regulations, as described in items IX.a and IX.b, above. Impacts would be less
than significant.
d) Would the project be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites
compiled pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a
significant hazard to the public or the environment?
Less than Significant Impact. Government Code 65962.5 stipulates that specific agencies identify and
update annually a list of sites that have been reported to have certain types of contamination. The State
Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB) GeoTracker database and the Department of Toxic Substances
Control (DTSC) EnviroStor database provide information on hazardous materials sites. GeoTracker
provides access to regulatory data about sites that require cleanup action, including leaking
underground storage tanks, Department of Defense sites, and Cleanup Program sites. EnviroStor
identifies sites that have known contamination or sites where there may be reasons to investigate
further. It also identifies facilities that are authorized to treat, store, dispose, or transfer hazardous
waste.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -46- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
A search of the SWRCB GeoTracker database (SWRCB 2024) and the DTSC EnviroStor database (DTSC
2024) was completed for the project site pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 to determine
the presence of any listed hazardous materials sites within the project area. There are no listed
hazardous cleanup sites within the project alignment, and no open cases are located within 1,000 feet of
the project site. There are four listed Cleanup Program sites and four Leaking Underground Storage Tank
Cleanup sites associated with businesses on the east side of Avenda Encinas, but all have a case-closed
status and thus, would pose no hazardous risk for the proposed project. Based on the fact that there are
no known listed hazardous sites or ongoing clean-up activities occurring within the project area that
would pose a hazardous risk, the construction and operation of the proposed project would not create
significant hazards to the public or environment. Impacts would be less than significant.
e) For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted,
within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project result in a safety
hazard or excessive noise for people residing or working in the project site?
Less than Significant Impact. The project alignment is located approximately two miles from the
McClellan-Palomar Airport but is not within a designated airport safety zone or within the
60 Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL) noise contour (San Diego County Regional Airport
Authority 2011). In addition, the project would not construct structures that would pose a risk to
aircraft. Therefore, the project would not result in a safety hazard or excessive noise for people residing
or working in the project area. Impacts would be less than significant.
f) Would the project impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency
response plan or emergency evacuation plan?
Less than Significant Impact. The City of Carlsbad Fire Department’s Emergency Preparedness Division
supports the emergency organization by further defining the scope of the city’s Emergency
Management Program and large-scale incident response activities. Carlsbad is a participant in the
Unified San Diego County Emergency Services Organization (USDCESO). The USDCESO Operational Area
Emergency Plan contains evacuation routes resulting from a variety of emergencies. The long-term
operation of the project would not include any features that would impair access to evacuation routes
identified in the city, or otherwise conflict with an emergency response plan or emergency evacuation
plan. Project construction would not involve activities that would physically impair or interfere with
emergency response plans for the project area. During construction, there could be the potential for
temporary lane closures. Temporary lane closures would be for a short period of time, and a Traffic
Control Plan would be prepared prior to project construction by the construction contractor as a
requirement of the right-of-way permit and subject to city approval to ensure that emergency access
would be maintained. Potential impacts associated with conflicts to emergency response plans would be
less than significant.
g) Would the project expose people or structures, either directly or indirectly, to a significant risk of
loss, injury or death involving wildland fires?
Less than Significant Impact. The project alignment along Avenida Encinas is not within or near any
Local Responsibility Area Fire Hazard Severity Zone (CALFIRE 2025). The project site would be more
susceptible to a structure fire due to the presence of buildings lining the east side of the project
alignment. The project does not propose any habitable structures or other combustible components
that would increase the potential for fires in the project area. In the instance of a fire in the vicinity of
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -47- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
the project alignment, the area would likely be evacuated, and use of the roadway would be
discouraged and/or prohibited. The site’s location along a roadway would allow for direct access and
prompt emergency response to the site in the event of a fire. In addition, the City of Carlsbad Fire
Department has signed automatic aid agreements with all surrounding communities when additional
firefighting resources are needed. The city is also part of both the San Diego County and State of
California Master Mutual Aid Agreements and maintains a separate agreement with the California
Department of Forestry and Fire Protection. The project would not increase or exacerbate the existing
risk of loss, injury, or death involving wildland or structure fires in the project area. Impacts would be
less than significant.
X. HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY
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a) Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements
or otherwise substantially degrade surface or ground water quality? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
b) Substantially decrease groundwater supplies or interfere substantially
with ground water recharge such that the project may impede
sustainable groundwater management of the basin? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
c) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area,
including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river or
through the addition of impervious surfaces, in a manner, which
would:
i. Result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or offsite; ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
ii. Substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a
manner which would result in flooding on- or offsite ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
iii. Create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the
capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or
provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff; or ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
iv. Impede or redirect flood flows? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
d) In flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones, risk release of pollutants due
to project inundation? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
e) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control
plan or sustainable groundwater management plan? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
The discussion below is based, in part, on the Stormwater Quality Management Plan (SWQMP; Nasland
Engineering 2023) and Hydraulic Report (Nasland Engineering 2024) prepared for the proposed project.
These reports are included as Appendices D and E to this IS/MND.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -48- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
a) Would the project violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements or
otherwise substantially degrade surface or ground water quality?
Less than Significant Impact. Development of the bikeway and pedestrian improvements, as well as the
proposed roadway improvements, have the potential to result in water quality and waste discharge
requirement violations. The project would be required by law to comply with all applicable federal,
state, and local water quality regulations. Applicable regulations include, but are not limited to:
• Federal Clean Water Act
• Division 7 of the California Water Code (Porter-Cologne Water Quality Act)
• Specific basin plan objectives identified in the “Water Quality Control Plan for San Diego Basin”
(WQCP)
• NPDES Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems Permit (MS4 Permit) issued by the San Diego
RWQCB
• City of Carlsbad Engineering Standards, Volume 4, Construction Storm Water Pollution
Prevention Plan (SWPPP) – BMPs during construction, and Volume 5, Best Management
Practices – BMP after construction, the Carlsbad Water Quality Improvement Plan (WQIP) and
the Carlsbad Watershed Management Area Analysis (WMAA), which is part of the WQIP.
• City of Carlsbad’s Master Drainage Plan, Grading Ordinance, Storm Water Ordinance, BMP
Design Manual and JRMP.
The San Diego RWQCB is responsible for regulating storm water discharges and maintaining the quality
of water resources within the County, including the project area. Construction activities, storm drain
systems, and point-source discharges associated with the project would be required to obtain coverage
under an NPDES permit, per Section 402 of the Clean Water Act. The project would be required to meet,
at a minimum, standard storm water requirements to reduce the volume of runoff from impervious
surfaces and increase the amount of natural filtration of pollutants from on-site storm water. Standard
requirements include the following low impact development (LID) measures identified in General Plan
EIR Section 3.8, Hydrology and Flooding/Water Quality:
• Drain a portion of impervious areas into pervious areas, if any.
• Design and construct pervious areas, if any, to effectively receive and infiltrate runoff from
impervious areas, taking into account soil conditions, slope, and other pertinent factors.
• Construct a portion of paved areas with low traffic and appropriate soil conditions with
permeable surfaces.
For a project that would disturb one or more acres of land, create greater than 5,000 square feet of
impervious surfaces, or otherwise pose a threat to storm water quality, a SWPPP and SWQMP is
required to be prepared pursuant to the requirements in the City of Carlsbad Engineering Standards and
Grading and Drainage Ordinances. The SWPPP would include a program of BMPs to provide storm water
runoff, erosion and sediment control and reduce potential impacts to water quality that may result from
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -49- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
construction activities. Typical construction BMPs include the following, as identified in General Plan EIR
Section 3.8:
• Minimizing disturbed areas. Clearing of land is limited to that which will be actively under
construction in the near term; new land disturbance during the rainy season is minimized; and
disturbance to sensitive areas or areas that would not be affected by construction is minimized.
• Stabilizing disturbed areas. Temporary stabilization of disturbed soils is provided whenever
active construction is not occurring on a portion of the site, and permanent stabilization is
provided by finish grading and permanent landscaping.
• Protecting slopes and channels. Outside of the approved grading plan area, disturbance of
natural channels is avoided; slopes and crossings are stabilized; and increases in runoff velocity
caused by the project are managed to avoid erosion to slopes and channels.
• Controlling the site perimeter. Upstream runoff is diverted around or safely conveyed through
the project and is kept free of excessive sediment and other constituents.
• Controlling internal erosion. Sediment-laden waters from disturbed, active areas within the site
are detained.
Non-point source surface water from impervious surfaces associated with the project may contain
contaminants or increased sediment loads that would have the potential to increase pollution within the
local storm drain system; however, the project would include biofiltration swales at select locations
between the roadway and the bikeway and pedestrian improvements that would connect to existing
storm drains. The swales would function to reduce sediments and other pollutants in the runoff before
the runoff is discharged off site to the storm drain system.
In addition to Clean Water Act NPDES requirements, states are required to identify and document
polluted surface water bodies, with the resulting documentation referred to as the Clean Water Act
Section 303(d) List of Water Quality Limited Segments. This list of water bodies identifies the associated
pollutants and total maximum daily loads (TMDLs), along with projected TMDL implementation
schedules/status. A TMDL establishes the maximum amount of an impairing substance or stressor that a
water body can assimilate and still meet water quality standards and allocates that load among pollution
contributors. The San Diego RWQCB is responsible for developing the 303(d) list in the San Diego region.
Receiving waters for the project site, Encinas Creek and Pacifica Ocean (La Jolla to San Onofre) are not
currently listed as impaired (based on the 2020 303[d] List) Implementation of the BMPs in the PCSMP
would ensure that the proposed project would not create adverse water quality impacts to Chollas
Creek and downstream receiving waters of the San Diego Bay.
Through implementation of the proposed biofiltration swales and compliance with the applicable
federal, state, and local water quality regulations, impacts related to water quality standards and waste
discharge requirements would be less than significant.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -50- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
b) Would the project substantially decrease groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with
groundwater recharge such that the project may impede sustainable groundwater management
of the basin?
Less than Significant Impact. The proposed project would not require the use of, or otherwise
substantially interfere with, groundwater supplies or recharge. Groundwater consists of water within
underground aquifers that is recharged from the land surface. The rate of groundwater recharge is
affected by the permeability of the ground surface. Although project development would increase the
amount of impervious surface in the project area by approximately 61,000 square feet, it would not be
of an amount that would substantially reduce groundwater recharge. In addition, the Carlsbad Municipal
Water District does not currently utilize local groundwater or surface water supplies, and the project site
is not within an area that has a managed groundwater basin. Impacts would be less than significant.
c) Would the project substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including
through the alteration of the course of a stream or river or through the addition of impervious
surfaces, in a manner which would:
i. Result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site?
Less than Significant Impact. Implementation of the project would not modify existing drainage
patterns or involve the direct alteration of the course of a stream or river. The existing drainage pattern
within the project site generally consists of sheet flow that is directed to curb and gutter on both sides
of Avenida Encinas, gravity flows to curb inlets and a headwall, and discharges to the west into Encinas
Creek and ultimately the Pacific Ocean. The proposed project would not alter the overall existing
drainage patterns. Upon project implementation, runoff from the site would continue as sheet flow and
directed into the curb and gutter system and would discharge into biofiltration systems for treatment or
curb inlets that would convey runoff into storm drain pipes that discharge to the west into Encinas Creek
and eventually the Pacific Ocean. Although the project would result in an increase in impervious
surfaces of approximately 61,000 square feet, the new impervious surfaces would be located in areas
that currently consist of disturbed land that is susceptible to erosion and siltation. The increase in
impervious surfaces would reduce the area of exposed soils thus reducing the potential for on-site
erosion and siltation at the project site. In addition, proposed drainage facilities have been designed to
accommodate the 100-year storm event further limiting the potential for off-site erosion and siltation.
Impacts would be less than significant.
ii. Substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result
in flooding on- or off-site?
Less than Significant Impact. As discussed above in item X.c.i, implementation of the project would not
modify existing drainage patterns or involve the direct alteration of the course of a stream or river.
Although the project would result in an increase in impervious surfaces of approximately 61,000 square
feet, additional surface runoff generated by the new impervious surfaces would be collected by the
existing and proposed drainage facilities. The proposed drainage facilities have been designed to
accommodate runoff associated with a 100-year storm event. As such, project runoff would not result in
on- or off-site flooding. Therefore, impacts would be less than significant.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -51- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
iii. Create or contribute runoff water which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned
stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff?
Less than Significant Impact. As discussed above in item X.c.i, project implementation would not modify
existing drainage patterns or involve the direct alteration of the course of a stream or river. The project
would result in an increase in impervious surfaces of approximately 61,000 square feet, which would
increase runoff volumes and rates; however, the additional surface runoff generated by the new
impervious surfaces would be collected by the existing and proposed drainage facilities. The proposed
drainage facilities have been designed to accommodate runoff associated with a 100-year storm event.
As such, the project runoff would not exceed the capacity of stormwater drainage systems. In addition,
biofiltration swales are proposed at select locations that would treat runoff before it enters the storm
drain system. Therefore, the proposed project would not create or contribute runoff water which would
exceed the capacity of existing or planned storm water drainage systems or provide substantial sources
of polluted runoff. Impacts would be less than significant.
iv. Impede or redirect flood flows?
No Impact. According to the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Map Service Center
(FEMA 2024) and the Figure 6-1 of the city’s General Plan Public Safety Element (City of Carlsbad 2024),
the project site is not mapped within a flood hazard area or special flood hazard area. The project would
not place any new structures within floodplain areas that would impede or redirect flood flows. No
impact would occur.
d) In flood hazard, tsunami, or seiche zones, would the project risk release of pollutants due to
project inundation?
Less than Significant Impact. As discussed in item X.c.iv, the project alignment is not mapped within a
flood hazard area. Tsunamis are long wavelength ocean waves generated by sudden movements of the
ocean bottom during events such as earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, or landslides. The County of San
Diego maps zones of high risk for tsunami run-up. As shown in Figure 6-4 of the General Plan Safety
Element, the only areas identified within the city as having risk for tsunami run-up are the immediate
vicinity of the Buena Vista, Agua Hedionda, and Batiquitos lagoons. As the project site is located
approximately 1.1 miles from the tsunami runup area associated with Agua Hedionda Lagoon, it is
unlikely that the project alignment would be inundated by a tsunami. Seiches are defined as wave-like
oscillatory movements in enclosed or semi-enclosed bodies of water such as lakes or reservoirs.
Potential effects from seiches include flooding damage and related hazards from spilling or sloshing
water, as well as increased pressure on containment structures. The nearest enclosed body of water to
the project alignment is Agua Hedionda Lagoon, approximately 1.1 miles to the north/northwest. Based
on distance and topography, it is unlikely a seiche within Agua Hedionda Lagoon would inundate the
project site. In addition, the project would not include sources of substantial amounts of pollutants.
Therefore, even in the unlikely event that the project is inundated by a flood, tsunami, or seiche, the risk
of release of pollutants would be low. Impacts would be less than significant.
e) Would the project conflict with or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or
sustainable groundwater management plan?
No Impact. The regulation, protection, and administration of water quality in Californian is carried out
by the State Water Resources Control Board and nine Regional Water Quality Control Boards (RWQCBs).
The RWQCBs are responsible for the adoption and implementation of water quality control plans,
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -52- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
issuance of discharge permits, and perform other functions in relation to regulating the region’s water
quality. The Water Quality Control Plan for the San Diego Basin (Basin Plan; RWQCB 2021) identifies the
portion of the project alignment from Palomar Airport Road to the city Water Recycling Center as within
the Encinas hydrologic area of the Carlsbad hydrologic unit (904.40), and the portion of the project
alignment from the city Water Recycling Facility to the southern project limits as within the Batiquitos
hydrologic subarea of the San Marcos hydrologic area of the Carlsbad hydrologic unit (904.51).
Beneficial uses designated in the Basin Plan for the surface waters within these hydrologic areas include
non-contact water recreation, warm freshwater habitat, and wildlife habitat.
As identified in item X.a, downstream receiving waters are not listed as impaired on the Section 303(d)
List. Runoff from the project site would be collected by the proposed drainage facilities, treated in
accordance with the water quality regulations, and then discharged into the existing storm drain system
that ultimately discharges into Encinas Creek and the Pacific Ocean. The proposed project would be
required to comply with applicable storm water quality standards during construction and operation.
Conformance with the Basin Plan water quality objectives would be demonstrated through compliance
with applicable regulations and implementation of construction and post-construction BMPs. Thus, the
project would be consistent with the Basin Plan. The California Sustainable Groundwater Management
Act (SGMA) was passed in 2014, which provides authority for local agencies to manage groundwater and
requires that most groundwater basins be under sustainable management within 20 years in a manner
that would be maintained without causing undesirable results. The project site is not within an area that
has a managed groundwater basin. Therefore, implementation of the proposed project would not
conflict or obstruct implementation of a water quality control plan or sustainable groundwater
management plan. No impact would occur.
XI. LAND USE AND PLANNING
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a) Physically divide an established community? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
b) Cause a significant environmental impact due to a conflict with any
land use plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of avoiding
or mitigating an environmental effect? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
a) Would the project physically divide an established community?
No Impact. Implementation of the proposed improvements would not physically divide an established
community. The project would improve connectivity by providing new bicycle and pedestrian facilities
along an existing roadway with improved connections to transit facilities in the project area. No new
roads, structures, or other improvements would be developed that would separate neighborhoods or
physically divide an established community. No impact would occur.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -53- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
b) Would the project cause a significant environmental impact due to a conflict with any land use
plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental
effect?
Less than Significant Impact. The proposed project has been designed to be consistent with the
Carlsbad SMP, Trails Master Plan, General Plan, Scenic Corridor Guidelines, the California Coastal Act
and the city’s LCP, and the city’s Municipal Code (Section 21.210, Habitat Preservation and Management
Requirements).
Carlsbad Sustainable Mobility Plan
The Carlsbad SMP presents a comprehensive look at current active travel and transit conditions, as well
as previous planning efforts to consolidate findings and recommendations into one master document.
The SMP provides recommendations for reducing vehicle miles traveled and impacts of growth and
development, as well as shifting how residents get around the city away from private automobiles
toward modes that are more livable, cleaner and healthier. The SMP identifies the CRT as a trail facility
that will provide an important north/south bikeway connection throughout the city along the eastern
side of the NCTD rail line. SMP Figure 5-2 shows a proposed roadside trail along Avenida Encinas as part
of the planned trail network, consistent with the proposed alignment of the project. Furthermore, the
Action Plan in SMP Chapter 7 identifies recommendations along the Avenida Encinas corridor (SMP
project number 8) that are consistent with the project, including bicycle and pedestrian facilities.
Accordingly, the project would be consistent with the SMP.
Carlsbad Trails Master Plan
The Trails Master Plan (City of Carlsbad 2019) is the city’s principal planning document for developing
and maintaining the citywide trails system. The Trails Master Plan identifies important east/west and
north/south connections around the city’s major lagoons and the Pacific Coast. The project is identified
as proposed Trail Segment 10B, Coastal Rail Trail Reach 5 (Palomar Airport Road to Poinsettia Coaster
Station), in Chapter 5, Trail Development Implementation, of the Trails Master Plan. The CRT is
described as a “much longer trail that will eventually connect all the San Diego County coastal cities” and
is specifically noted that “not all segments of the trail lie alongside the railroad” and that “it is more
desirable to locate this segment outside of the rail track right-of-way.” The project would be consistent
with the alignment identified in the Trails Master Plan.
The Trails Master Plan identifies Trail Segment 10B as a Type 4 Roadside or Connector trail. Trails Master
Plan Chapter 6, Trail Standards and Design Guidelines, states that Type 4 trails are intended to provide a
“trail like experience even if it is along a roadway” and are planned along highly traveled roadways. A
Type 4 trail is typically stabilized decomposed granite with a width between 8 and 12 feet (within a 10-
to 14-foot-wide easement) and separated from the vehicle traffic by at least a 5-foot buffer. The
proposed project would provide sidewalks on both sides of the roadway and Class II bike lanes that
would consist of a six-foot-wide striped facility along both sides of Avenida Encinas adjacent to the
vehicular lanes. These proposed improvements would not be consistent with a Type 4 trail. However,
the project is a segment of the CRT that is part of a larger effort to link the coastal cities of Northern San
Diego County with the City of San Diego with the initial vision of a Class I path along existing rail lines. In
Chapter 5, Planned Mobility Networks, the SMP states that the city has obtained some funding to
construct the portion of city’s CRT along Avenida Encinas from Cannon Road to Carlsbad Boulevard but
due to the substantial cost of completing the long-term alignment, which includes crossing three
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -54- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
lagoons, an interim alignment has been identified, which includes Class II and III on-street facilities that
may be implemented while additional funding is being sought for a long-term Class I facility.
The project would be consistent with the interim trail type described above and would provide
pedestrian and bicycle facilities along a highly traveled roadway that would improve multi-modal
connectivity within the project area, consistent with Goal 1 of the Trails Master Plan to create a
connected and complete trails system as well as Goal 4 to integrate transportation related facilities as
part of the trails system. Thus, the project would be consistent with the Trails Master Plan.
Carlsbad General Plan
The consistency with the General Plan is further demonstrated in Table 6, Demonstration of General
Plan Consistency, which highlights many of the various goals, policies, and other provisions of the
General Plan with which the project complies. The table is not meant to be exhaustive; instead, it
provides a consistency analysis over a broad section of General Plan Elements, with a focus on those
policies pertaining to environmental effects.
Table 6 DEMONSTRATION OF GENERAL PLAN CONSISTENCY
General Plan Goals & Policies Consistency
Land Use and Community Design Element
Policy 2-P.45e-f: Evaluate each discretionary application for
development of property with regard to the following specific
criteria:
• Provision of public and/or private usable open space and/or
pathways designated in the Open Space, Conservation, and
Recreation Element.
• Contributions to and extensions of existing systems of
streets, foot or bicycle paths, trails and the greenbelts
provided for in the Mobility, and Open Space, Conservation,
and Recreation Elements of the General Plan
(Note: Only criteria applicable to a trail project is listed.)
Consistent. The proposed project is a
recreational roadside bikeway and
pedestrian improvement that would
provide public pathways and extend
existing bicycle and pedestrian facilities
along the planned CRT, consistent with the
alignment identified on Figure 4-4 of the
Open Space, Conservation, and Recreation
Element.
Mobility Element
Goal 3-G.1: Keep Carlsbad moving with livable streets that provide a
safe, balanced, cost-effective, multi-modal transportation system
(vehicles, pedestrians, bikes, transit), accommodating the mobility
needs of all community members, including children, the elderly and
the disabled.
Consistent. The proposed project would
provide improvements to support
pedestrian and bicycle transport for all
community members. Proposed facilities
would be designed in accordance with
applicable city standards and to comply
with Americans with Disabilities Act
requirements.
Policy 3-P.8: Utilize transportation demand management strategies, non-automotive enhancements (bicycle, pedestrian, transit, train,
trails, and connectivity), and traffic signal management techniques as
long-term transportation solutions and traffic mitigation measures to
carry out the Carlsbad Community Vision.
Consistent. The proposed project would provide non-automotive enhancements,
including those for pedestrians and
bicyclists and would improve access for
transit users, including to the Poinsettia
Coaster Station.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -55- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
General Plan Goals & Policies Consistency
Policy 3-P.16: Design new streets, and explore funding opportunities
for existing streets, to minimize traffic volumes and/or speed, as
appropriate, within residential neighborhoods without compromising
connectivity for emergency first responders, bicycles, and pedestrians
consistent with the city’s Carlsbad Active Transportation Strategies.
This should be accomplished through management and
implementation of livable streets strategies and such programs like
the Carlsbad Residential Traffic Management Plan.
Consistent. The project proposes to
implement traffic calming measures,
including raised landscaped medians and
median passageways with flashing beacons,
and provide enhanced pedestrian and
bicycle facilities along a neighborhood
connector street to improve multi-modal
mobility, efficiency, connectivity, and
safety.
Policy 3-P.17: Consider innovative design and program solutions to improve the mobility, efficiency, connectivity, and safety of the
transportation system. Innovative design solutions include, but are
not limited to, traffic calming devices, roundabouts, traffic circles,
curb extensions, separated bicycle infrastructure, pedestrian
scramble intersections, high visibility pedestrian treatments and
infrastructure, and traffic signal coordination. Innovative program
solutions include, but are not limited to, webpages with travel
demand and traffic signal management information, car and bike
share programs, active transportation campaigns, and
intergenerational programs around schools to enhance safe routes to
schools. Other innovative solutions include bicycle friendly business
districts, electric and solar power energy transportation systems,
intelligent transportation systems, semi- or full autonomous vehicles,
trams, and shuttles.
Consistent. The project would implement pedestrian improvements and Reach 5 of
the city’s portion of the CRT that would
connect to existing CRT segments to
improve connectivity and mobility within
the city. The project proposes raised
landscaped medians and median
passageways with flashing beacons.
Policy 3-P.25: Implement the projects recommended in the
pedestrian, trails and bicycle master plans through the city’s capital
improvement program, private development conditions and other
appropriate mechanisms.
Consistent. The proposed project would
provide pedestrian and bicycle
opportunities to support the pedestrian,
trails, and bicycle master plans. The
proposed improvements would enhance
pedestrian and bicyclist safety and
accessibility along the Avenida Encinas
portion of the CRT, a planned regional
north-south bicycle route.
Open Space, Conservation, and Recreation Element
Goal 4-G.3: Protect environmentally sensitive lands, wildlife habitats,
and rare, threatened or endangered plant and animal communities.
Consistent. As discussed in Section IV,
Biological Resources, impacts to sensitive
habitat and species would be fully
mitigated with implementation of project-
specific mitigation measures BIO-1 through
BIO-5.
Goal 4-G.8: Coordinate the planning of park facilities and trails with
other recreation-oriented land uses such as open space.
Consistent. The proposed project is a
recreational and roadside bikeway and
pedestrian improvement that would
provide public recreational access along the
CRT, a planned regional bicycle route that
would provide a continuous north-south
bicycle route with direct access to coastal
resources and recreational facilities.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -56- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
General Plan Goals & Policies Consistency
Goal 4-G.11: Utilize greenways and trails to connect the city’s open
space network.
Consistent. The proposed bikeway and
pedestrian improvements would provide
connectivity along the Avenida Encinas CRT,
a planned regional bicycle route that would
provide a continuous north-south bicycle
route with direct access to coastal
resources and recreational facilities.
Goal 4-G.13: Protect air quality within the city and support efforts for
enhanced regional air quality.
Consistent. The project would implement
planned bicycle and pedestrian
improvements that would reduce reliance on motorized vehicles, which would reduce
mobile emissions of air pollutants.
Goal 4-G.14: Promote the protection of Carlsbad’s creeks, lagoons,
ocean and other natural water bodies from pollution.
Consistent. The project would include
biofiltration swales as part of proposed
drainage improvements to treat runoff and
protect water quality of downstream
receiving waters.
Policy 4-P.9: Maintain and implement the city’s HMP, including the
requirement that all development projects comply with the HMP and
related documents. Require assessments of biological resources prior
to approval of any development on sites with sensitive habitat, as
depicted in Figure 4-3 in Chapter 4 of the General Plan.
Consistent. A Biological Technical Report
(HELIX 2025b) was prepared for the project
to assess biological resources within and
adjacent to the project alignment. As
discussed under item IV.f, the project
would be consistent with the requirements
of the HMP with implementation of project-
specific mitigation measures BIO-1, BIO-2,
and BIO-3.
Policy 4-P.41: Participate with other north county communities
to establish an intercommunity open space linkage program
and regional trail network
Consistent. The project would implement a
planned segment of the regional CRT within
the city that will ultimately connect with
other segments in neighboring cities.
Policy 4-P.42: Locate multi-use trails and associated amenities and
passive recreational features to minimize impacts to sensitive
habitats and other sensitive surrounding land uses, such as
residences.
Consistent. The project alignment is sited
along an existing roadway and would occur
predominately within existing developed
and disturbed land. Impacts to sensitive habitat would be fully mitigated with
implementation of project-specific
mitigation measures BIO-1 through BIO-5.
Policy 4-P.56: Ensure that construction and grading projects minimize
short-term impacts to air quality.
a) Require grading projects to provide a storm water pollution
prevention plan (SWPPP) in compliance with city requirements,
which include standards for best management practices that
control pollutants from dust generated by construction activities
and those related to vehicle and equipment cleaning, fueling
and maintenance;
b) Require grading projects to undertake measures to minimize mononitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions from vehicle and
equipment operations; and
c) Monitor all construction to ensure that proper steps are
implemented
Consistent. The project would be required
to prepare and implement a SWPPP during
construction to reduce and minimize air
pollutant emissions during construction
activities.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -57- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
General Plan Goals & Policies Consistency
Policy 4-P.59: Implement water pollution prevention methods to the
maximum extent practicable, supplemented by pollutant source
controls and treatment. Use small collection strategies located at, or
as close as possible to, the source (i.e., the point where water initially
meets the ground or source of potential pollution) to minimize the
transport of urban runoff and pollutants offsite and into a municipal
separate storm sewer system (MS4).
Consistent. The project would include
biofiltration swales as part of proposed
drainage improvements to treat runoff
before it is discharged into the municipal
storm water system and to protect water
quality of downstream receiving waters.
Arts, History, Culture, and Education Element
Policy 7-P.8: During construction of specific development projects,
require monitoring of grading, ground-disturbing, and other major
earthmoving activities in previously undisturbed areas or in areas
with known archaeological or paleontological resources by a qualified
professional, as well as a tribal monitor during activities in areas with
cultural resources of interest to local Native American tribes. Both
the qualified professional and tribal monitor shall observe grading,
ground-disturbing, and other earth-moving activities.
Consistent. As discussed in item V.b
(Cultural Resources) and Section XVIII,
Tribal Cultural Resources, the project would
implement project-specific mitigation
measures CUL-1 and TCR-1 and TCR-2,
which would involve contractor awareness
training and cultural resources monitoring
during the project’s ground-disturbing
activities.
Policy 7-P.9: Ensure that treatment of any cultural resources
discovered during site grading complies with the City of Carlsbad
Cultural Resource Guidelines. Determination of the significance of the
cultural resource(s) and development and implementation of any
data recovery program shall be conducted in consultation with
interested Native American tribes. All Native American human
remains and associated grave goods shall be returned to their most
likely descendent and repatriated. The final disposition of artifacts
not directly associated with Native American graves shall be
negotiated during consultation with interested tribes; if the artifact is
not accepted by Native American tribes, it shall be offered to an
institution staffed by qualified professionals, as may be determined by the City Planner. Artifacts include material recovered from all
phases of work, including the initial survey, testing, indexing, data
recovery, and monitoring.
Consistent. As discussed in Section V,
Cultural Resources and Section XVIII, Tribal
Cultural Resources, no recorded or known
cultural resources are present in the project
limits. However, there is potential for
unanticipated buried cultural resources to
be present that could be uncovered during
project construction. Project-specific
mitigation measures CUL-1 and TCR-1 and
TCR-2, provide protocols for the treatment
of discovered resources consistent with this
policy.
Policy 7-P.10: Require consultation with the appropriate
organizations and individuals (e.g., Information Centers of the
California Historical Resources Information Systems [CHRIS], the
Native American Heritage Commission [NAHC], and Native American
groups and individuals) to minimize potential impacts to cultural
resources that may occur as a result of a proposed project.
Consistent. As part of the Cultural
Resources Survey and Assessment prepared
for the project (HELIX 2025c), a records
search of the CHRIS was conducted as the
South Coast Information Center (SCIC), the
NAHC was contacted for a Sacred Lands File
(SLF) search, and Native American outreach
was performed to minimize potential
impacts to cultural resources that may
occur as a result of the proposed project. In
accordance with Assembly Bill (AB) 52,
which establishes a formal consultation
process with the Tribes within the CEQA
process, on January 27, 2025, the city notified Native American Tribes (email and
letters via certified mail) on the city’s
notification list for the purposes of AB 52
(San Luis Rey Band of Mission Indians,
Rincon Band of Luiseño Indians, Mesa
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -58- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
General Plan Goals & Policies Consistency
Grande Band of Mission Indians, and Torres
Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians) of the
project and provided the opportunity to
consult with the city regarding the project.
The Rincon and San Luis Rey Tribes
requested consultation, and consultation
occurred between March 2025 and July
2025. The consultations resulted in
revisions to the cultural and tribal cultural
resources mitigation measures. The
revisions are reflected in the draft
mitigation measures (CUL-1, TCR-1, and TCR-2). While no recorded cultural
resources or tribal cultural resources are
known to occur within the project limits,
there is potential for unanticipated buried
cultural resources to be uncovered during
project construction. Implementation of
project-specific mitigation measures CUL-1
and TCR-1 and TCR-2 would mitigate
impacts to cultural and tribal cultural
resources.
Sustainability Element
Goal 9-G.2: Undertake initiatives to enhance sustainability by
reducing the community’s GHG emissions and fostering green
development patterns—including buildings, sites, and landscapes.
Consistent. The project would implement
planned bicycle and pedestrian
improvements that would reduce reliance
on motorized vehicles, which would reduce
regional GHG emissions.
Policy 9-P.1: Enforce the Climate Action Plan as the city’s strategy to
reduce GHG emissions
Consistent. The project is subject to
applicable requirements and strategies in
the city’s CAP and as discussed above, the
project would be consistent with the CAP.
Scenic Corridor Guidelines
The project alignment is adjacent to the LOSSAN rail corridor, which is identified as a “special condition”
scenic corridor in the city’s Scenic Corridor Guidelines (City of Carlsbad 1988). The Scenic Corridor
Guidelines provide guidelines for treatments adjacent to the railroad corridor with the goal of improving
visual quality of the city from the perspective train passengers. As discussed in item I.b and Table 1, the
project is consistent with applicable policies contained in the city’s Scenic Corridor Guidelines.
California Coastal Act/Carlsbad Local Coastal Program
The project alignment is entirely within the coastal zone. The California Coastal Act requires that coastal
zone policies and provisions be implemented through preparation of an LCP. Through its approved LCP
(City of Carlsbad 2019), the city acts as the local permitting authority for the issuance of Coastal
Development Permits (CDPs) for projects located within its permit jurisdiction and the California Coastal
Commission (CCC) has permitting authority within the areas of deferred certification. All projects in the
city’s coastal zone would require review for consistency with the LCP and Coastal Act prior to issuance of
a CDP. The project is located within the city’s permit jurisdiction. The city’s LCP splits the coastal zone
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -59- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
into six segments: Mello I, Mello II, Village-Barrio, Agua Hedionda Lagoon, West Batiquitos
Lagoon/Sammis Properties Lagoon, and East Batiquitos Lagoon/Hunt Properties. The project site is
within the Mello II segment. The project’s consistency with the LCP is demonstrated in Table 7,
Demonstration of Local Coastal Program Consistency, which lists relevant policies of the Mello II
segment of the LCP pertaining to environmental effects.
Table 7
DEMONSTRATION OF LOCAL COASTAL PROGRAM CONSISTENCY
LCP Mello II Policies Consistency
Policy 3-1.1 Habitat Management Plan: The document titled
"Habitat Management Plan for Natural Communities in the City of
Carlsbad, December 1999 with Two Addenda" (hereafter referred
to as HMP) is incorporated herein by reference. The Second
Addendum dated December 2002 contains additional conservation standards and habitat protection policies that apply within the
Coastal Zone. The HMP has been developed so as to implement and
be consistent with all other provisions of this LCP, as amended. Any
changes to the HMP that affect development within the coastal
zone (including, but not limited to, changes to mitigation
requirements) shall be certified by the Coastal Commission as LCP
amendments prior to becoming effective.
Consistent. A Biological Technical Report
(HELIX 2025b) was prepared for the
project to assess biological resources
within and adjacent to the project
alignment. As discussed under item IV.f, the project would be consistent with the
requirements of the HMP with
implementation of project-specific
mitigation measures BIO-1, BIO-2, and
BIO-3.
Policy 3-1.2 Environmentally Sensitive Habitat Areas (ESHA):
Pursuant to Section 30240 of the California Coastal Act,
environmentally sensitive habitat areas, as defined in Section
30107.5 of the Coastal Act, shall be protected against any significant
disruption of habitat values, and only uses dependent on those resources shall be allowed within those areas.
Consistent. The project proposes
relatively minor impacts to native
habitats occurring along and adjacent to
an existing road edge. Evidence of
substantial disturbance (i.e., the proliferation of non-native and invasive
plant species, informal trails, and/or
mowing) is currently present within all of
these roadside areas. Project impacts to
these roadside edges would not disrupt
areas of ESHA. Indirect impacts to ESHA
would be avoided through compliance
with the HMP adjacency standards.
Policy 3-1-3 Coastal Sage Scrub: Coastal Sage Scrub is a resource of
particular importance to the ecosystems of the Coastal Zone, due in
part to the presence of the Coastal California gnatcatcher (Federal
Threatened) and other species. Properties containing Coastal Sage Scrub shall conserve a minimum 67% of the Coastal Sage Scrub and
75% of the gnatcatchers onsite, Conservation of gnatcatchers shall
be determined in consultation with the wildlife agencies.
Consistent. Impacts to coastal sage scrub
have been avoided and minimized to the
extent feasible (0.33 acre) and are
confined to narrow strips of habitat immediately adjacent to the existing
road.
Policy 3-1-9 No Net Loss of Habitat: There shall be no net loss of
Coastal Sage Scrub, Maritime Succulent Scrub, Southern Maritime
Chaparral, Southern Mixed Chaparral, Native Grassland, and Oak
Woodland within the Coastal Zone of Carlsbad. Mitigation for impacts to any of these habitat types, when permitted, shall include
a creation component that achieves the no net loss standard.
Substantial restoration of highly degraded areas (where effective
functions of the habitat type have been lost) may be substituted for
creation subject to the consultation and concurrence of the U.S.
Consistent. The project would impact
0.33 acre of coastal sage scrub
vegetation and proposes mitigation to
achieve no net loss (project-specific mitigation measure BIO-3).
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -60- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
LCP Mello II Policies Consistency
Fish and Wildlife Service and the California Department of Fish and
Game (wildlife agencies). The Coastal Commission shall be notified
and provided an opportunity to comment upon proposed
substitutions of substantial restoration for the required creation
component. Development shall be consistent with Policy 3-1.2 of
this section, unless proposed impacts are specifically identified in
the HMP; these impacts shall be located to minimize impacts to
Coastal Sage Scrub and maximize protection of the Coastal
California gnatcatcher and its habitat.
Policy 3-1-10 Upland Habitat Mitigation Requirements: Where impacts to the habitats stated in 3-1.9 are allowed, mitigation shall
be provided as follows (only applicable sections are listed):
a) The no net loss standard shall be satisfied as stated in 3-1.9.
Typically, this will consist of creation of the habitat type being
impacted (or substantial restoration where allowed) at a ratio
of at least 1:1 as provided in the HMP.
b) Onsite preservation is not eligible for mitigation credit in the
coastal zone. Onsite or off-site open space preserve areas
may be utilized to satisfy required mitigation for habitat
impacts associated with development if the preserve areas
are disturbed and suitable for restoration or enhancement,
or they are devoid of habitat value and therefore suitable for
the 1:1 mitigation component requiring creation or
substantial restoration of new habitat. Substantial restoration is restoration that has the effect of qualitatively
changing habitat type and may meet the creation
requirement if it restores habitat type that was historically
present, but has suffered habitat conversion or such extreme
degradation that most of the present dominant species are
not part of the original vegetation. Substantial restoration
contrasts with enhancement activities, which include
weeding or planting within vegetation that retains its
historical character, and restoration of disturbed areas to
increase the value of existing habitat which may meet other
mitigation requirements pursuant to the HMP.
c) Impacts to Coastal Sage Scrub shall be mitigated at an overall
ratio of 2:1, with the creation component satisfying half of
the total obligation. The remainder of the mitigation
obligation shall be satisfied pursuant to the provisions of the
HMP.
f) Mitigation for impacts within the coastal zone should be
provided within the coastal zone, if possible, particularly the
1:1 creation component, in order to have no net loss of
habitat within the coastal zone. Mitigation measures on land
outside the Coastal Zone may be acceptable if such
mitigation would clearly result in higher levels of habitat
protection and value and/or would provide significantly
Consistent. Mitigation for habitat would occur in accordance with HMP
requirements and would result in no net
loss.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -61- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
LCP Mello II Policies Consistency
greater mitigation ratios, and the mitigation area is part of
the HMP. Land area inside and outside the coastal zone
which serves as mitigation for habitat impacts in the coastal
zone shall be permanently retired from development
potential and secured as part of the HMP preserve
management plan as a condition of development approval.
g) Habitat mitigation requirements other than the creation or
substantial restoration component may be partially or wholly
fulfilled by acquisition of existing like habitat and/or
retirement of development credits on existing like habitat
with permanent preservation as part of the HMP preserve
management plan.
Policy 4-5 Soil Erosion Control Practices: Soil erosion control
practices shall be used against “onsite” soil erosion. These include
keeping soil covered with temporary or permanent vegetation or
with mulch materials, special grading procedures, diversion
structures to divert surface runoff from exposed soils, and grade
stabilization structures to control surface water. All development
must include mitigation measures for the control of urban runoff
flow rates and velocities, urban pollutants, erosion and
sedimentation in accordance with the requirements of the city’s
Grading Ordinance, Storm Water Ordinance, Standard Urban Storm
Water Mitigation Plan (SUSMP), City of Carlsbad Drainage Master
Plan, and the additional requirements contained herein. The SUSMP, dated April 2003 and as amended, and the City of Carlsbad
Drainage Master Plan are hereby incorporated into the LCP by
reference. Development must also comply with the requirements of
the Jurisdictional Urban Runoff Management Program (JURMP) and
the San Diego County Hydrology Manual to the extent that these requirements are not inconsistent with any policies of the LCP.
Consistent. As discussed in detail under
item X.a, the project would be required
by law to comply with all federal, state,
and local water quality regulations,
including those regarding runoff,
pollutants, erosion, and sedimentation.
Policy 4-6 Sedimentation Control Practices: Apply “sediment
control” practices as a perimeter protection to prevent offsite
drainage. Preventing sediment from leaving the site should be
accomplished by such methods as diversion ditches, sediment
traps, vegetative filters, and sediment basins. Preventing erosion is
of course the most efficient way to control sediment runoff. All
development must include mitigation measures for the control of
urban runoff flow rates and velocities, urban pollutants, erosion
and sedimentation in accordance with the requirements of the
city’s Grading Ordinance, Storm Water Ordinance, Standard Urban
Storm Water Mitigation Plan (SUSMP), City of Carlsbad Drainage Master Plan, and the following additional requirements. The
SUSMP, dated April 2003 and as amended, and the City of Carlsbad
Drainage Master Plan are hereby incorporated into the LCP by
reference. Development must also comply with the requirements of
the Jurisdictional Urban Runoff Management Program (JURMP) and
the San Diego County Hydrology Manual to the extent that these
requirements are not inconsistent with any policies of the LCP.
Consistent. As discussed in detail under
item X.a, the project would be required
by law to comply with all federal, state,
and local water quality regulations,
including those regarding runoff,
pollutants, erosion, and sedimentation.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -62- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
LCP Mello II Policies Consistency
Policy 7-13 Visual Access: Visual access over more than 80% of the
Carlsbad coastline is unobstructed because of public ownership. No
future public improvements which would obstruct this visual access
shall be permitted.
Consistent. Proposed improvements
would generally involve low-profile,
surface improvements along an existing
roadway. No buildings or major vertical
structures are proposed that would
impede coastal views.
Policy 8-4 Archaeological and Paleontological Resources: The
environmental impact review process will determine where
development will adversely affect archaeological and
paleontological resources. A site-specific review should also determine the most appropriate methods for mitigating these
effects. Most importantly, the City of Carlsbad should require the
implementation of these measures.
Consistent. A cultural resources survey
was conducted for the project (HELIX
2025c) to evaluate potential impacts to
archaeological resources. As discussed in Section V, Cultural Resources, and
Section XVIII, Tribal Cultural Resources,
no recorded or known cultural resources
are present in the project limits.
However, there is potential for
unanticipated buried cultural resources
to be present that could be uncovered
during project construction. The project
would implement project-specific
mitigation measures CUL-1 and TCR-1,
which would involve contractor
awareness training and cultural
resources monitoring during the
project’s ground-disturbing activities.
With regard to paleontological
resources, the city’s Tribal, Cultural and
Paleontological Guidelines (City of
Carlsbad 2017) show the project
alignment within an area mapped as
having high paleontological sensitivity.
However, the project’s ground-
disturbing activities would be minor in
scale as the alignment generally follows
previously paved, disturbed, or graded
areas and as such, it is anticipated the
project would have low potential to
destroy paleontological resources.
However, it is possible that undiscovered
fossils may be unearthed during
construction. The project would
implement project-specific mitigation
measure GEO-1 that includes protocols
for unanticipated discovery of fossils.
Carlsbad Municipal Zoning Code Section 21.210, Habitat Preservation and Management Requirements
The project would also be consistent with The Carlsbad Municipal Code Section 21.210, Habitat
Preservation and Management Requirements. This section discusses habitat preservation and
management requirements that aim to implement the goals and objectives of the Land Use and
Community Design and Open Space, Conservation, and Recreation Elements of the General Plan,
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -63- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
implement applicable habitat management plans (e.g., North County MHCP, NCCP, and the city’s HMP),
and preserve the diversity of natural habitats while protecting rare and unique biological resources
within those habitats. The project would directly impact natural habitat and require a habitat
management permit as Section 21.210 requires, as well as compensatory mitigation (mitigation measure
BIO-3). Additionally, as discussed in item IV.f, the project would be consistent with the city’s HMP.
Based on the above analysis, the project would not cause a significant environmental impact due to a
conflict with any land use plan, policy, or regulation adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an
environmental effect. Impacts would be less than significant.
XII. MINERAL RESOURCES
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a) Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that
would be of future value to the region and the residents of the State? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resource
recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan, or other
land use plan?
☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
a) Would the project result in the loss of availability of a known mineral resource that would be of
value to the region and the residents of the State?
No Impact. No mineral extraction operations are present in the city, nor does the city contain known
mineral resources of economic value to the region and the residents of the State. No Impact would
occur.
b) Would the project result in the loss of availability of a locally important mineral resource recovery
site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan, or other land use plan?
No Impact. There are no locally important mineral resources designated in the city’s General Plan. No
Impact would occur.
XIII. NOISE
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a) Generation of a substantial temporary or permanent increase in
ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project in excess of standards
established in the local general plan or noise ordinance or applicable
standards of other agencies?
☐ ☒ ☐ ☐
b) Generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise
levels? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -64- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
XIII. NOISE
Would the project result in: Po
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c) For a project located within the vicinity of a private airstrip or an
airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within 2 miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the
project expose people residing or working in the project area to
excessive noise levels?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
The discussion below is based on the construction noise analysis (HELIX 2025d), which is included as
Appendix F to this IS/MND. All noise level or sound level values presented herein are expressed in terms
of decibels (dB), with A-weighting (dBA) to approximate the hearing sensitivity of humans. Time-
averaged noise levels are expressed by the symbol LEQ, with a specified duration. The CNEL is a 24-hour
average, where noise levels during the evening hours of 7:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. have an added 5 dBA
weighting, and noise levels during the nighttime hours of 10:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m. have an added 10 dBA
weighting.
a) Would the project result in generation of a substantial temporary or permanent increase in
ambient noise levels in the vicinity of the project in excess of standards established in the local
general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies?
Less than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. Project improvements would be subject to several
local regulations pertaining to noise, including CMC Chapter 8.48, Noise, and General Plan Noise
Regulations and Noise Exposure Standards. CMC Chapter 8.48 outlines regulations for limitation of
hours for construction (i.e., the erection, demolition, alteration, or repair of any building or structure or
the grading or excavation of land) that creates disturbing, excessive, or offensive noise. Construction can
occur Monday through Friday from 7 a.m. to 6 p.m. and Saturday from 8 a.m. to 6 p.m.; no work shall be
conducted on Sundays and on any federal holiday. CMC Chapter 8.48 also outlines exceptions that may
be granted by the city for circumstances such as emergency repairs required to protect the health and
safety of the community.
Noise-sensitive land uses (NSLUs) are land uses that may be subject to stress and/or interference from
excessive noise, such as residential dwellings, schools, transient lodging (hotels), hospitals, and
educational facilities. Industrial and commercial land uses are generally not considered sensitive to
noise. NSLUs near the project site consist of a school (Community Montessori Charter School) and
residential uses located across the LOSSAN railroad tracks, and include a hotel, mobile homes, and
single-family residences. Nearby residences are as close as 150 feet from the edge of the Avenida
Encinas ROW, and the Community Montessori Charter School is located approximately 60 feet from the
centerline of the road ROW.
Construction Noise
Project construction noise was analyzed using the Roadway Construction Noise Model (RCNM), which
incorporates estimates of sound levels from standard construction equipment based on manufacturers’
specifications and measured reference noise levels. The magnitude of a construction noise impact would
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -65- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
depend on the type of construction activity, equipment, duration of each construction phase, distance
between the noise source and receiver, and any intervening structures. Construction would generate
elevated noise levels that may disrupt nearby residences and other NSLUs. Although the nearest
residences are located approximately 150 feet west of the project site, the nearest NSLU, a school, is
located approximately 60 feet south of the roadway centerline. Construction equipment would not all
operate at the same time or location and would not be in constant use during a typical 8-hour operating
day. Furthermore, due to the linear nature of the project, equipment is not anticipated to be stationary
at a given location for long periods. Therefore, the average distances between the nearest off-site
residences and construction would likely exceed 60 feet. As a conservative estimate however, 60 feet
were used in this analysis.
Multiple construction equipment types would be in use throughout the day. For example, a dozer and
an excavator may be working on the site simultaneously but would not be working in close proximity to
one another at a given time due to the nature of their respective operations. An excavator and loader
were analyzed together for construction noise impacts due to their likelihood of being used in
conjunction with one another. Table 8, Anticipated Construction Equipment, presents a summary of the
heavy equipment anticipated to be used for project construction, the typical operating time percentage,
and the average noise level at a distance of 60 feet reported by the RCNM.
Table 8
CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT NOISE LEVELS
Construction Equipment Percent Operating
Time (%)
Distance to NSLU
(feet)
Noise Level at
60 feet (dBA LEQ)
Grubbing and Land Clearing
Backhoe 40 60 72.0
Excavator 40 60 75.1
Dozer 40 60 76.1
Grading and Excavation
Excavator 40 60 75.1
Backhoe 40 60 72.0
Loader 40 60 73.5
Dozer 40 60 76.1
Scraper 40 60 78.0
Excavator/Loader 40 60 77.4
Utilities Installation
Backhoe 40 60 72.0
Dozer 40 60 76.1
Grader 40 60 79.4
Loader 40 60 73.5
Excavator 40 60 75.1
Paving
Loader 40 60 73.5
Pavers 50 60 72.6
Rollers 20 60 71.4
Source: HELIX 2025d
dBA = A-weighted decibels; LEQ = time averaged sound level.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -66- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
Based on these assumptions, the loudest noise would occur from the use of a grader during utilities
installation, which would generate noise levels of up to 79.4 dBA LEQ at nearby NSLUs. This represents a
conservative estimate, because due to the linear nature of the project, a grader is not anticipated to be
stationary in a single location near an NSLU.
As noted above, the city does not provide a numerical threshold for construction noise levels, but
construction would be required to occur within the hours allowed by CMC Chapter 8.48. Existing
ambient noise levels are described in the city’s General Plan. Ambient noise levels may fluctuate
throughout a given day or time of year, but Figure 5-2 of the General Plan Noise Element indicates that
noise levels in the vicinity of the project are estimated to be between 60 and 65 dBA CNEL (City of
Carlsbad 2015a). Therefore, noise levels from construction equipment may exceed 10 dBA above
existing conditions if a grader or scraper is in use. Noise levels from construction would be reduced
through the implementation of a construction management plan, as described in NOI-1 below.
Mitigation:
NOI-1 Construction Noise Management Plan. Noise levels from project-related construction activities
shall not exceed 10 dBA above existing ambient noise levels, or 70 dBA, when measured at nearby
noise-sensitive land uses or receptors. A Construction Management Plan that describes the measures
and specifications included on the construction plans to ensure compliance with the noise limit shall be
prepared and submitted to the City of Carlsbad Planning Division for approval prior to issuance of the
grading permit. The following measures may be included to reduce construction noise generated by
graders and scrapers:
• Construction equipment to be properly outfitted and maintained with manufacturer-
recommended noise-reduction devices.
• All internal combustion engines to be equipped with mufflers in good repair and are subject to
the City Noise Control Ordinance, Carlsbad Municipal Code Chapter 8.48.
• Diesel equipment to be operated with closed engine doors and equipped with factory-
recommended mufflers.
• Mobile or fixed “package” equipment (e.g., arc‐welders and air compressors) to be equipped
with shrouds and noise control features that are readily available for that type of equipment.
• Electrically powered equipment to be used instead of pneumatic or internal‐combustion
powered equipment, where feasible.
• Unnecessary idling of internal combustion engines (e.g., in excess of 5 minutes) to be prohibited.
• Material stockpiles and mobile equipment staging, parking, and maintenance areas to be
located as far as practicable from noise sensitive receptors.
• The use of noise‐producing signals, including horns, whistles, alarms, and bells, shall be for
safety warning purposes only.
• No project‐related public address or music system shall be audible at any adjacent sensitive
receptor.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -67- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
• Temporary sound barriers or sound blankets may be installed between construction operations
and adjacent noise-sensitive receptors. Due to equipment exhaust pipes being approximately 7
to 8 feet above ground, a sound wall at least 10 feet in height above grade, to block the line-of-
sight between project construction activities and residences along the northern, southern, and
eastern property lines. These barriers would mitigate noise levels to within acceptable levels. To
effectively reduce noise levels, the sound barrier should be constructed of a material with an
STC rating of 22 or 23 with no gaps or perforations and remain in place until the conclusion of
demolition, grading, and construction activities.
• General working hours are Monday through Friday, 7:00 am- 6:00 pm. Site mustering (i.e.,
gathering/assembly at the site) is not allowed prior to and after the allowable working hours.
Operational Noise
Operational noise resulting from implementation of the project would include noise that is typical of
active transportation noise. Noise from people talking and dogs barking would contribute to ambient
noise levels within the vicinity but the associated increase in noise would not be substantial. Noise
sources in the project area are primarily dominated by transportation noise from the nearby I-5
freeway, roadways, and the adjacent railroad corridor. The project occurs along an existing roadway and
is designed in accordance with applicable city standards and criteria for roadways, including the noise
and land use compatibility matrix and Future Nosie Contours Map contained in the General Plan Noise
Element pursuant to General Plan Noise Element Policies 5-P-1 and 5-P-10. Project design incorporates
features to encourage mobility by means other than vehicle, which can help minimize roadway noise
consistent with Policy 5-P.10. Therefore, operational noise impacts from implementation of the project
would be less than significant.
b) Would the project result in generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise
levels?
Less than Significant Impact. Ground-borne vibration consists of rapidly fluctuating motions or waves
transmitted through the ground with an average motion of zero. Sources of ground-borne vibrations
include natural phenomena and anthropogenic causes (e.g., explosions, machinery, traffic, trains,
construction equipment). Vibration sources may be continuous (e.g., factory machinery) or transient
(e.g., explosions). Several different methods are typically used to quantify vibration amplitude. One is
the peak particle velocity (PPV); another is the root mean square velocity (RMS). The PPV is defined as
the maximum instantaneous positive or negative peak of the vibration wave. For the purposes of this
analysis, a PPV descriptor with units of inches per second (in/sec) is used to evaluate construction-
generated vibration for building damage and human complaints.
Excessive ground-borne vibration would occur if construction-related ground-borne vibration exceeds
the “strongly perceptible” vibration annoyance potential criteria for human receptors of 0.1 in/sec PPV
or the damage potential criteria to relatively old residential structures 0.5 in/sec PPV for
continuous/frequent intermittent construction sources (such as impact pile drivers, vibratory pile
drivers, and vibratory compaction equipment), as specific by Caltrans (Caltrans 2020).
Construction of the project would occur as close as approximately 60 feet from nearby NSLUs. A possible
source of vibration during general project construction activities would be a vibratory roller, which may
be used for compaction of soil beneath the roadway. A vibratory roller would create approximately
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -68- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
0.210 in/sec PPV at a distance of 25 feet (Caltrans 2020). A 0.210 in/sec PPV vibration level would equal
0.08 in/sec PPV at a distance of 60 feet1. This would be lower than the “strongly perceptible” impact for
humans of 0.1 in/sec PPV. Buildings located within this distance are newer structures that would not be
susceptible to structural damage. Additionally, off-site exposure to such ground-borne vibration would
be temporary. Temporary impacts associated with the roller (and other potential equipment) would be
less than significant. Therefore, construction activities would not be expected to generate excessive
ground-borne vibration. The proposed project does not include operational components that would
generate substantial vibration. Impacts would be less than significant.
c) For a project located within the vicinity of a private airstrip or an airport land use plan or, where
such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would
the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels?
Less than Significant Impact. The project alignment is located approximately two miles west of the
McClellan-Palomar Airport. The city’s General Plan Noise Element identifies that the maximum allowable
outdoor noise level for parks and recreation uses is 65 CNEL. The project alignment is located outside of
the 60 CNEL noise contour of the McClellan-Palomar Airport (San Diego Regional Airport Authority
2011). Therefore, the project would not expose people to excessive noise levels from an airport. Impacts
would be less than significant.
XIV. POPULATION AND HOUSING
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a) Induce substantial unplanned population growth in an area either
directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or
indirectly (for example, through extension of roads or other
infrastructure)?
☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
b) Displace substantial numbers of existing people or housing,
necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
a) Would the project induce substantial unplanned population growth in an area, either directly (for
example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension
of roads or other infrastructure)?
No Impact. The proposed project does not include the development of housing and implementation of
the project would not directly induce population growth. The project would not provide substantial new
employment that would foster migration. Development of the project may make an area more desirable
to an individual or group of individuals; however, it is not anticipated to result in substantial indirect
population growth in an area. No impact would occur.
1 Equipment PPV = Reference PPV * (25/D)n (in/sec), where Reference PPV is PPV at 25 feet, D is distance from equipment to
the receiver in feet, and n = 1.1 (the value related to the attenuation rate through the ground); formula from Caltrans 2020.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -69- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
b) Would the project displace substantial numbers of existing people or housing, necessitating the
construction of replacement housing elsewhere?
No Impact. The proposed improvements would occur within existing road ROW or property owned by
the city and would not affect existing housing or displace residents. No impact would occur.
XV. PUBLIC SERVICES
Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered government
facilities, a need for new or physically altered government facilities, the
construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in
order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times, or other
performance objectives for any of the public services: Po
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a) Fire protection? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
b) Police protection? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
c) Schools? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
d) Parks? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
e) Other public facilities? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new
or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental
facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to
maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for any of the
public services:
a) Fire protection?
Less than Significant Impact. The project site is located in a developed area currently served by fire
protection services, and project implementation would not require the construction of new or expanded
fire facilities. The Carlsbad Fire Department provides fire and emergency services within the city, serving
an approximately 39-square-mile area with seven fire stations. The closest fire station to the project site
is Fire Station 4 (6885 Batiquitos Drive) approximately 0.8 mile to the southeast. The proposed
improvements would not substantially increase the need for fire protection services above the current
demand that would require addition staffing or construction of new facilities. During construction, there
could be the potential for temporary reduction and/closure of existing travel lanes along Avenida
Encinas, which could affect response times within the project area. Temporary closures would be for
short periods of time and emergency access would be maintained. A Traffic Control Plan would be
prepared prior to project construction by the construction contractor as a requirement of the right-of-
way permit and subject to city approval to ensure that emergency access would be maintained. In
addition, the project would be subject to plan review by the city’s Fire Prevention Division. Impacts on
fire protection services would be less than significant.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -70- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
b) Police protection?
Less than Significant Impact. The project site is located in a developed area currently served by police
protection services, and project implementation would not require the construction of new or expanded
police facilities. The Carlsbad Police Department provides police services within the city, headquartered
at the Carlsbad Public Safety and Service Center (2650 Orion Way), approximately 3.5 miles to the
northeast. The proposed improvements would not substantially increase the need for police protection
services above the current demand that would require additional staffing or construction of new
facilities. During construction, there could be the potential for temporary reduction and/closure of
existing travel lanes along Avenida Encinas, which could affect response times within the project area.
Temporary closures would be for short periods of time, and emergency access would be maintained at
all times. Impacts on police services would be less than significant.
c) Schools?
No Impact. The project would not induce population growth as no homes or other growth inducing uses
are proposed and would therefore not generate an increase in students at surrounding schools or result
in the need for the construction of additional school facilities. No impact would occur.
d) Parks?
No Impact. The proposed project would not directly or indirectly induce substantial population growth
in the project area and would not generate the need for new or expanded park services. While the
project would improve bicycle and pedestrian connectivity through the area, there are no public parks in
the project area where increased access to existing parks would occur. The project therefore would not
substantially affect the performance of existing parks such that new or altered facilities would be
required. No impact would occur.
e) Other public facilities?
No Impact. Implementation of the project would not increase population or otherwise affect demand
for other public facilities, such as libraries, within the project area and no new facilities would be
required that could result in adverse physical changes in the environment. No impact would occur.
XVI. RECREATION
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a) Would the project increase the use of existing neighborhood and
regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial
physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
b) Does the project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of recreational facilities, which might have
an adverse physical effect on the environment?
☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -71- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
a) Would the project increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other
recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be
accelerated?
Less than Significant Impact. Existing public parks and recreational facilities in the project area include
Canon Park (approximately one mile to the northwest), Carlsbad State Beach and Ponto Beach to the
west (approximately 0.25 mile to the west), and Agua Hedionda Lagoon (approximately 1.25 miles to the
northeast), As described in item XIII.d, above, while the project would not induce substantial population
growth, it would increase bicycle and pedestrian connectivity through the area, which may indirectly
increase access to, and use of, these existing parks and recreational facilities in the project area. The
increase in use of recreational facilities would not be such that substantial physical deterioration of
existing neighborhood and regional parks or recreational facilities would occur or be accelerated.
Impacts would be less than significant.
b) Does the project include recreational facilities or require the construction or expansion of
recreational facilities which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment?
No Impact. The proposed project would include implementation of bicycle, pedestrian, and roadway
improvements along a segment of Avenida Encinas. While the proposed bike lanes and sidewalk would
function as Reach 5 of the CRT, which could serve recreational users, the project as a whole is a
transportation facility and would not induce population growth such that construction or expansion of
recreational facilities would be required. No impact would occur.
XVII. TRANSPORTATION
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a) Conflict with a program, plan, ordinance or policy addressing the
circulation system, including transit, roadway, bicycle and pedestrian
facilities? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
b) Conflict or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines section 15064.3,
subdivision (b)? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
c) Substantially increase hazards due to a geometric design feature
(e.g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment)? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
d) Result in inadequate emergency access? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
The discussion below is based on the traffic impact analysis (STC Traffic 2022a) and the vehicle miles
traveled (VMT) analysis (STC Traffic2022b) prepared for the project, which are included as Appendix G
and Appendix H to this IS/MND.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -72- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
a) Would the project conflict with a program plan, ordinance or policy addressing the circulation
system, including transit, roadway, bicycle, and pedestrian facilities?
No Impact. The General Plan Mobility Element promotes a livable streets strategy for mobility within
the city. The objective of this strategy is to create a ‘multi-modal’ street network that balances the
mobility needs of pedestrians, bicyclists, transit users, and vehicles. For each street in the city, the
General Plan Mobility Element identifies a livable street typology and the travel modes for which service
levels should be maintained per the multi-modal level of service standard (MMLOS). MMLOS provides a
qualitative “grade” assigned to specified travel modes, ranging from A to F. MMLOS A reflects a high
service standard for a travel mode (e.g., outstanding characteristics and experience for that mode) and
MMLOS F reflects a poor service standard for a travel mode (e.g., congestion for vehicles, no bicycle,
pedestrian, or transit facilities, etc.). While Level of Service (LOS) is no longer a measure of
transportation impacts for the purposes of CEQA, it is discussed here in the context of consistency with a
program plan, ordinance, or policy addressing the circulation system (i.e., the General Plan Mobility
Element).
Avenida Encinas is classified as a Neighborhood Connector Street, which according to the city’s Traffic
Impact Analysis (TIA) guidelines is subject to a Pedestrian and Bicycle MMLOS standard but not subject
to an Auto MMLOS standard. The pedestrian and bicycle facilities were evaluated based on the
attributes identified in the MMLOS Tool for the following segments of Avenida Encinas within the
project limits:
• Palomar Airport Road to 6200 Avenida Encinas
• 6200 Avenida Encinas to Embarcadero Lane
The TIA guidelines state that MMLOS D should be maintained for each mode of travel for which the
MMLOS standard is applicable. Table 9, MMLOS Analysis Results, summarizes the results of the MMLOS
analysis.
Table 9
MMLOS ANALYSIS RESULTS
Segment
Existing Conditions
(MMLOS)
Existing + Project
(MMLOS)
NB SB NB SB
Pedestrian MMLOS
Palomar Airport Road to 6200 Avenida Encinas C F A A
6200 Avenida Encinas to Embarcadero Lane C D A A
Bicycle MMLOS
Palomar Airport Road to 6200 Avenida Encinas C C A A
6200 Avenida Encinas to Embarcadero Lane F F A A
Source: STC Traffic 2022a
NB = northbound; SB = southbound
As shown, the pedestrian MMLOS for the segment of Palomar Airport Road to 6200 Avenida Encinas in
the southbound direction and the bicycle MMLOS for the segment of 6200 Avenida Encinas to
Embarcadero Lane in the northbound and southbound directions are currently at an unacceptable
MMLOS F. With the project however, the corresponding pedestrian and bicycle MMLOS improve to A for
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -73- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
all segments in the northbound and southbound directions. Thus, the project would be consistent with
MMLOS standards.
In addition, the proposed project improvements would contribute to and conform with the
“neighborhood connector street” designation by connecting people to different neighborhoods and land
uses throughout the city. The preferred attributes of a neighborhood connector street as defined in the
General Plan Mobility Element include the following: designed to safely move all modes of travel while
enhancing mobility for pedestrians and bicyclists; vehicle speeds should be managed to promote safe
pedestrian and bicycle movement; bicycle lanes should be provided; bicycle boulevards should be
considered; pedestrians should be accommodated on sidewalks adjacent to the travel way; and mid-
block pedestrian crossings and traffic calming devices should be considered at locations with high
pedestrian activity levels. The proposed median passageways with flashing beacons and raised
landscape medians would improve pedestrian, bicyclist, and motorist safety. Pedestrian and bicyclist
safety would be additionally emphasized through the implementation of six-foot-wide striped bike lanes
and new sidewalks where there are currently gaps. In addition, the proposed bikeway and pedestrian
improvements would provide a safe and effective mode of non-motorized travel within the coastal area
of the city that would provide improved connections to activity centers, recreational facilities, and other
coastal destinations. Furthermore, the project would be consistent with Mobility Element Policy 3-P.25
to implement the projects recommended in the pedestrian, trails and bicycle master plans through the
city’s capital improvement program; as well as Policy 3-P.28 to improve and enhance parking,
connectivity, access, and utilization for pedestrians and bicycles to COASTER stations, utility corridors,
and open spaces consistent with city planning document. The proposed project therefore would be
consistent with the city’s General Plan Mobility Element.
Lastly, the project would not permanently impact existing transit facilities or routes in the project area.
There are several bus stops along Avenida Encinas, including within the project limits that are part of
North County Transit District routes 444 and 445. The project would reconstruct these existing bus stops
as required to accommodate the proposed improvements and access to the Poinsettia Coaster Station
would not be affected.
Based on the above analysis, the proposed project would not conflict with a program plan, ordinance or
policy addressing the circulation system. No impact would occur.
b) Would the project conflict or be inconsistent with CEQA Guidelines section 15064.3,
subdivision (b)?
Less than Significant Impact. As of the implementation of Senate Bill (SB) 743 on July 1, 2020, VMT is
the new performance measure used in CEQA transportation studies. The analysis of VMT for the project
was based on the city’s VMT Analysis Guidelines (City of Carlsbad 2023).
Section 4.1 of the VMT guidelines lists certain types of transportation projects that are presumed to
have a less than significant impact on transportation, including the following which are consistent with
the proposed project:
• Addition of new or enhanced bike or pedestrian facilities on existing streets/highways or within
existing public rights-of-way.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -74- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
• Installation, removal, or reconfiguration of traffic lanes that are not for through traffic, such as
left, right, and U-turn pockets, two-way left turn lanes, or emergency breakdown lanes that are
not utilized as through lanes.
Therefore, the project would have a less than significant VMT impact because it screens out based on
project type.
c) Would the project substantially increase hazards due to a geometric design feature (e.g., sharp
curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment)?
No Impact. The project does not include any design features that would increase traffic hazards and
implementation of the project would not introduce incompatible uses to the project area. Features
associated with the project include a Class II bike lane along both sides of Avenida Encinas, new
sidewalks, lighting, center landscaped medians, and median passageways with flashing beacons. These
features would improve motorist, bicyclist, and pedestrian safety. In addition, the project’s circulation
improvements would be designed and constructed to city standards. Therefore, the project would not
substantially increase hazards due to a geometric design feature or incompatible uses. No impact would
occur.
d) Would the project result in inadequate emergency access?
Less than Significant Impact. During construction, there could be the potential for temporary lane
closures and/or traffic detours which could affect emergency access within the project area. The project
construction activities would be coordinated with the fire and police departments to ensure emergency
requirements have been satisfied. As part of the proposed project, a Traffic Control Plan would be
prepared prior to project construction by the construction contractor as a requirement of the right-of-
way permit and subject to city approval to ensure adequate emergency access would be maintained at
all times. Upon completion of construction, the proposed improvements would allow for enhanced
vehicular movement and emergency access. Impacts would be less than significant.
XVIII. TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES
Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance
of a tribal cultural resource, defined in Public Resources Code Section
21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural landscape that is
geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape,
sacred place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is: Po
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a) Listed or eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in a local register of historical resources as defined in
Public Resources Code section 5020.1(k), or
☐ ☒ ☐ ☐
b) A resource determined by the lead agency, in its discretion and
supported by substantial evidence, to be significant pursuant to
criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1. In applying the criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public
Resources Code Section 5024.1, the lead agency shall consider the
significance of the resource to a California Native American tribe.
☐ ☒ ☐ ☐
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -75- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
a) Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural
resource, defined in Public Resources Code Section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural
landscape that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred
place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is listed or
eligible for listing in the California Register of Historical Resources, or in a local register of
historical resources as defined in Public Resources Code Section 5020.1(k)?
Less than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated: A Tribal Cultural Resource (TCR) may be considered
significant if included in a local or state register of historical resources; determined by the lead agency to
be significant pursuant to criteria set forth in PRC §5024.1; is a geographically defined cultural landscape
that meets one or more of these criteria; is a historical resource described in PRC §21084.1, a unique
archaeological resources described in PRC §21083.2; or is a non-unique archaeological resource if it
conforms with the above criteria.
In accordance with mitigation measures CUL-1 and CUL-2 from the Trails Master Plan Programmatic
IS/MND, a site survey and a Native American contact program was conducted that included a review of
the SLF maintained by the NAHC, as well as AB 52 outreach efforts. The NAHC responded indicating that
the results of the SLF search were negative.
Pursuant to AB 52, Native American Tribes that have requested to be listed on the city’s notification list
for the purposes of AB 52 were emailed and sent letters via certified mail on January 27, 2025. As part of
this process, the city provided notification to each of these listed tribes the opportunity to consult with
the city regarding the proposed project. The following tribes were contacted:
• San Luis Rey Band of Mission Indians
• Rincon Band of Luiseño Indians
• Mesa Grande Band of Mission Indians
• Torres Martinez Desert Cahuilla Indians
The Rincon Band of Luiseño Indians (“Rincon Band”) and San Luis Rey Band of Mission Indians (“San Luis
Rey Band”) responded within 30 days and requested consultation.
Consultation with the Rincon Band. On May 22, 2025, the city mailed the draft Cultural Resources and
Tribal Cultural Resources (CR/TCR) mitigation measures, a project location map, the cultural resources
survey report, and the biological technical report. On May 23, 2025, the Rincon Band submitted a
document with specific language revisions to the draft mitigation measures and requested further
discussion.
Consultation was held with the Rincon Band on May 28, 2025. Because of the similarities in the draft
CR/TCR mitigation measures between the project and another city proposal, El Camino Real Roadway
Widening (Arenal Road to La Costa Avenue, CIP 6051), the projects were discussed together at the May
28, 2025, consultation, with a focus on the mitigation measures. During an earlier, April 30, 2025,
consultation regarding only the El Camino Real Widening project, the Rincon Band requested a meeting
with the Community Development Director and City Attorney’s Office to further discuss its mitigation
measure concerns. At the May 28, 2025, consultation, it was agreed that the measures of both projects
would be discussed with the Community Development Director and City Attorney’s office. The parties
confirmed that scheduling of this meeting was in process.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -76- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
On June 11, 2025, consultation was held with Rincon Band representatives, the City Attorney, the
Community Development Director and Planning staff on both projects. The parties discussed the
language in question and provided additional detail to support their positions, although consensus was
not achieved at the meeting. After the meeting and with further consideration, the city agreed to certain
CR/TCR mitigation measure language revisions
Final consultation between the Rincon Band and city was held June 25, 2025, when the Rincon Band and
city staff reviewed a city-drafted letter with the city’s responses to the Rincon Band’s proposed
revisions. In response to city staff questions, the tribal representative provided additional information
regarding its rationale and intent for certain revisions. Based on that information, staff made additional
changes, which are reflected in the draft mitigation measures.
The city believes it has acted in good faith and has agreed to language that is responsive, to the greatest
extent feasible, to the Rincon Band’s comments while also remaining consistent with the city’s existing
Tribal, Cultural and Paleontological Guidelines. In consideration of this and the collaborative process
undertaken to arrive at this outcome, the city concluded AB 52 consultation pursuant to Public
Resources Code Section 21080.3.2. A letter concluding consultation was mailed and emailed to the
Rincon Band on July 24, 2025.
Consultation with the San Luis Rey Band. On March 25, 2025, consultation was held with the San Luis
Rey Band. Consultation including a presentation and discussion of the project. On May 22, 2025, the city
mailed the draft Cultural Resources and Tribal Cultural Resources (CR/TCR) mitigation measures, a
project location map, the cultural resources survey report, and the biological technical report. The San
Luis Rey Band did not request any changes to the draft mitigation measures as proposed.
On July 24, 2025, the city emailed and mailed a letter to the San Luis Rey Band notifying of revisions to
the draft cultural resources and tribal cultural resources draft mitigation measures. These revisions
reflect the changes staff made in response to consultation with the Rincon Band. On July 28, 2025, the
San Luis Rey Band emailed the city indicating AB-52 consultation was concluded for the project.
While the pedestrian survey and map research revealed that the project area has been extensively
modified to construct the roadway, bury utilities, and construct adjacent developments, with ground-
disturbing activities there is a possibility that unmarked TCRs may be unearthed during construction.
This impact would be considered potentially significant. With implementation of mitigation measures
TCR-1 and TCR-2 detailed below and CUL-1 discussed in Section V, Cultural Resources, the proposed
project would not cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a TCR.
Mitigation: Project-specific mitigation measure CUL-1 identified in Section V, Cultural Resources, as well
as project-specific mitigation measures TCR-1 and TCR-2 below would be implemented and would satisfy
the requirements of mitigation measures CUL-2, CUL-3 and CUL-4 from the Trails Master Plan
Programmatic IS/MND.
TCR-1 Tribal and Archeological Monitoring. Prior to the commencement of ground-disturbing
activities, the applicant shall:
a. Retain the services of a qualified archaeologist, defined as one either meeting the
Secretary of the Interior’s 1997 Professional Qualification Standards for Archeology or
working under the supervision of a qualified archaeologist, who shall be on-site for
ground-disturbing activities. In the event cultural material is encountered, the
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -77- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
archaeologist is empowered to temporarily divert or halt grading to allow for
coordination with the Luiseño Native American monitor, or other Traditionally and
Culturally Affiliated Luiseño tribe (“TCA Tribe”), and to determine the significance of the
discovery. The archaeologist shall follow all standard procedures for cultural materials
that are not tribal cultural resources.
b. A Luiseño Native American monitor shall be present during all ground disturbing
activities. Ground disturbing activities may include, but are not be limited to,
archaeological studies, geotechnical investigations, clearing, grubbing, trenching,
excavation, preparation for utilities and other infrastructure, and grading activities.
c. Any and all uncovered artifacts of Luiseño Native American cultural importance shall be
returned to the San Luis Rey Band of Mission Indians, and/or the Most Likely
Descendant for later reburial on project site, if applicable, and not be curated, unless
ordered to do so by a federal agency or a court of competent jurisdiction.
d. The Luiseño Native American monitor shall be present at the project’s pre-construction
meeting to discuss with grading and excavation contractors excavation schedules and
safety issues, as well as to discuss with the archaeologist Principal Investigator (PI)
concerning the proposed archaeologist techniques and/or strategies for the project.
e. Luiseño Native American monitors and archaeological monitors shall have joint
authority to temporarily divert and/or halt construction activities. If tribal cultural
resources are discovered during construction, all earth-moving activity within and
around the immediate discovery area must be diverted until the Luiseño Native
American monitor and the archaeologist can assess the nature and significance of the
find.
f. If a significant tribal cultural resource(s) and/or unique archaeological resource(s) are
discovered during ground-disturbing activities for this project, the San Luis Rey Band of
Mission Indians and other TCA tribes shall be notified and consulted regarding the
respectful and dignified treatment of those resources. Pursuant to California PRC
Section 21083.2(b), avoidance is the preferred method of preservation for
archaeological and tribal cultural resources. If, however, the applicant is able to
demonstrate that avoidance of a significant and/or unique cultural resource is infeasible
and a data recovery plan, or other culturally appropriate mitigation measure, is
authorized by the City of Carlsbad as the lead agency, the San Luis Rey Band of Mission
Indians and other TCA tribes shall be consulted regarding the drafting and finalization of
such recovery plan.
g. If suspected Native American human remains are encountered, California Health and
Safety Code Section 7050.5(b) states that no further disturbance shall occur until the
San Diego County Medical Examiner has made the necessary findings as to origin.
Further, pursuant to California Public Resources Code Section 5097.98(b) remains shall
be left in place and free from disturbance until a final decision as to the treatment and
disposition has been made. Suspected Native American remains shall be examined in
the field and kept in a secure location at the site. A Luiseño Native American monitor
shall be present during the examination of the remains. If the San Diego County Medical
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -78- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
Examiner determines the remains to be Native American, the NAHC must be contacted
by the Medical Examiner within 24 hours. The NAHC must then immediately notify the
“Most Likely Descendant” about the discovery. The Most Likely Descendant shall then
make recommendations within 48 hours and engage in consultation concerning
treatment of remains as provided in Public Resources Code 5097.98.
h. In the event that fill material is imported into the project area, the fill shall be clean of
tribal cultural resources and documented as such. Commercial sources of fill material
are already permitted as appropriate and will be culturally sterile. If fill material is to be
utilized and/or exported from areas within the project site, then that fill material shall
be analyzed and confirmed by an archeologist and Luiseño Native American monitor
that such fill material does not contain tribal cultural resources.
i. No testing, invasive or non-invasive, shall be permitted on any recovered tribal cultural
resources without the written permission of the San Luis Rey Band of Mission Indians
and other TCA tribes.
j. Prior to completion of project construction, a monitoring report and/or evaluation
report, if appropriate, which describes the results, analysis, and conclusions of the
monitoring program shall be submitted by the archaeologist, along with the Luiseño
Native American monitor’s notes and comments, to the City of Carlsbad for approval
and shall be submitted to the South Coastal Information Center. Said report shall be
subject to confidentiality as an exception to the Public Records Act and will not be
available for general public distribution.
TCR-2 Pre-Excavation Agreement. Prior to the commencement of any ground-disturbing activities, the
applicant shall enter into a Pre-Excavation Agreement, otherwise known as a Tribal Cultural
Resources Treatment and Tribal Monitoring Agreement, with a TCA affiliated consulting tribe.
This agreement shall meet all standard requirements of the tribe for such agreements in
accordance with applicable laws and regulations, including but not limited to the City of
Carlsbad’s 2017 Tribal, Cultural and Paleontological Resources Guidelines. This agreement will
address provision of a Luiseño Native American monitor and will also contain provisions to
address the proper treatment of any Tribal Cultural Resources and/or Luiseño Native American
human remains inadvertently discovered during the course of the project. The agreement shall
outline the roles and powers of the Luiseño Native American monitors and the archaeologist
and shall include the provisions outlined in TCR-1.
b) Would the project cause a substantial adverse change in the significance of a tribal cultural
resource, defined in Public Resources Code section 21074 as either a site, feature, place, cultural
landscape that is geographically defined in terms of the size and scope of the landscape, sacred
place, or object with cultural value to a California Native American tribe, and that is a resource
determined by the lead agency, in its discretion and supported by substantial evidence, to be
significant pursuant to criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1.
In applying the criteria set forth in subdivision (c) of Public Resources Code Section 5024.1, the lead
agency shall consider the significance of the resource to a California Native American tribe?
Less than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated: Refer to item XVIII.a above. Impacts would be less
than significant with implementation of project-specific mitigation measures CUL-1, TCR-1 and TCR-2.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -79- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
XIX. UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS
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a) Require or result in the relocation or construction of new or expanded
water, wastewater treatment or storm water drainage, electric power,
natural gas, or telecommunications facilities, the construction or
relocation of which would cause significant environmental effects?
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
b) Have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project and
reasonably foreseeable future development during normal, dry and
multiple dry years? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
c) Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which
serves or may serve the project that it has adequate capacity to serve
the project’s projected demand in addition to the provider’s existing
commitments?
☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
d) Generate solid waste in excess of state or local standards, or in excess
of the capacity of local infrastructure, or otherwise impair the
attainment of solid waste reduction goals? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
e) Comply with federal, state, and local management and reduction
statutes and regulations related to solid waste? ☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
a) Would the project require or result in the relocation or construction of new or expanded water,
wastewater treatment or storm water drainage, electric power, natural gas, or
telecommunications facilities, the construction or relocation of which could cause significant
environmental effects?
Less than Significant Impact. The project occurs in a developed area that is served by existing utilities
and utility infrastructure. The proposed project would include construction of new storm drain facilities,
including biofiltration swales, curb inlets, and a storm drain pipeline and outfall that would connect to
the existing storm drain system. Connections to other existing utilities such as electricity for project
lighting and water for irrigation of project landscaping would also be required. Impacts associated with
installation of these features are analyzed throughout this document as part of the project. The existing
utility systems in the project area are adequate to accommodate the project and would not require or
result in the relocation or construction of new or expanded utility facilities. Therefore, impacts would be
less than significant.
b) Would the project have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project and reasonably
foreseeable future development during normal, dry, and multiple dry years?
Less than Significant Impact. Construction activities associated with the proposed project may require
the use of water for dust control during grading activities. The amount of water used during
construction would, however, be minimal. The impacts to the local water supply would be minimal due
to the short-term nature of construction and limited use of water. Once construction is complete, the
proposed project would install irrigation for landscaped areas. A drip irrigation system would be
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -80- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
installed and would include efficient, low-volume equipment designed to provide enough water to
support plant growth, but with minimum water loss due to potential runoff. Temporary irrigation would
be established for revegetation of native areas and would be removed once plants have been
established. Local water supply would be sufficient to meet temporary water requirements for
implementation of the proposed project. Additionally, there would be minimal post-construction needs
for irrigation of landscaped areas which would not limit water supply for foreseeable future
development. Therefore, there are sufficient water supplies available to serve the proposed project and
reasonably foreseeable future development during normal, dry, and multiple dry years. Impacts would
be less than significant.
c) Would the project result in a determination by the wastewater treatment provider which serves or
may serve the project that it has adequate capacity to serve the project’s projected demand in
addition to the provider’s existing commitments?
No Impact. The project would not involve the provision of restrooms or other facilities that would
generate wastewater. Therefore, implementation of the proposed project would not result in an
increase in wastewater treatment requirements, and no impact would occur.
d) Would the project generate solid waste in excess of State or local standards, or in excess of the
capacity of local infrastructure, or otherwise impair the attainment of solid waste reduction goals?
Less than Significant Impact. Construction activities may generate solid waste that would be disposed of
in a landfill. The contractor would be required to dispose of construction waste through appropriate
coordination with landfills in accordance with existing laws and regulations governing the types of waste
that are allowed to be disposed of in landfills. While some users of the CRT may have solid waste to
dispose of while using the facility (e.g., food wrappers, beverage bottles, etc.), no significant quantity of
trash would be generated. Therefore, the project would not generate solid waste in excess of State or
local standards, or in excess of the capacity of local infrastructure, or otherwise impair the attainment of
solid waste reduction goals. Impacts would be less than significant.
e) Would the project comply with federal, state, and local management and reduction statutes and
regulations related to solid waste?
No Impact. Refer to item XIX.d above. Implementation of the project would comply with applicable
federal, state, and local statutes and regulations related to solid waste disposal during construction and
operation. No impact would occur.
XX. WILDFIRE
If located in or near state responsibility areas or lands classified as very
high fire hazard severity zones, would the project: Po
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a) Substantially impair an adopted emergency response plan or
emergency evacuation plan? ☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -81- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
XX. WILDFIRE
If located in or near state responsibility areas or lands classified as very
high fire hazard severity zones, would the project: Po
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b) Due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors, exacerbate wildfire
risks, and thereby expose project occupants to, pollutant
concentrations from a wildfire or the uncontrolled spread of a
wildfire?
☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
c) Require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure
(such as roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines or
other utilities) that may exacerbate fire risk or that may result in
temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment?
☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
d) Expose people or structures to significant risks, including downslope or
downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope
instability, or drainage changes?
☐ ☐ ☐ ☒
Subsequent to adoption of the Trails Master Plan Programmatic IS/MND, the 2019 comprehensive
update to CEQA added Wildfire as a resource category to CEQA Guidelines Appendix G, Environmental
Checklist Form. Thus, wildfire was not addressed in the Trails Master Plan Programmatic IS/MND as a
separate but is addressed in this section due to changed regulations.
According to the California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CALFIRE), the project alignment
is not located within or near state responsibility areas (CALFIRE 2024). The project is also not within or
near any Local Responsibility Area Fire Hazard Severity Zones (CALFIRE 2025).
a) Would the project substantially impair an adopted emergency response plan or emergency
evacuation plan?
Less than Significant Impact. As stated above, the project site is not within or near state responsibility
areas or within or near a Local Responsibility Area Fire Hazard Severity Zone. As discussed in item IX.f,
the long-term operation of the project would not include any features that would impair access to
evacuation routes identified in the city, or otherwise conflict with an emergency response plan or
emergency evacuation plan. During construction, there could be the potential for temporary lane
closures. Temporary lane closures would be for a short period of time and emergency access would be
maintained. Furthermore, as discussed in item XVII.d, a Traffic Control Plan would be prepared prior to
project construction by the construction contractor as a requirement of the right-of-way permit and
subject to city approval to ensure that emergency access would be maintained. Therefore, the project
would not substantially impair an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan.
Impacts would be less than significant.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -82- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
b) Would the project, due to slope, prevailing winds, and other factors, exacerbate wildfire risks, and
thereby expose project occupants to, pollutant concentrations from a wildfire or the uncontrolled
spread of a wildfire?
No Impact. As stated above, the project site is not within or near state responsibility areas or within a
very high fire hazard severity zone. The project occurs in a developed area along a roadway
characterized by generally level topography and is not near canyons or large open space areas. The
project would not introduce permanent occupants. Users of the bikeway and pedestrian improvements
would not be present for extended periods of time and would not be exposed to substantial pollutants
from wildfires that may occur in other areas. Therefore, the project would not exacerbate wildfire risks
and thereby expose project occupants to pollutant concentrations from a wildfire or the uncontrolled
spread of a wildfire. No impact would occur.
c) Would the project require the installation or maintenance of associated infrastructure (such as
roads, fuel breaks, emergency water sources, power lines or other utilities) that may exacerbate
fire risk or that may result in temporary or ongoing impacts to the environment?
No Impact. As stated above, the project site is not within or near state responsibility areas or within a
very high fire hazard severity zone. The proposed project would not require the installation or
maintenance of infrastructure that could exacerbate fire risk or result in temporary or ongoing impacts
to the environment. No impact would occur.
d) Would the project expose people or structures to significant risks, including downslope or
downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or drainage
changes?
No Impact. As stated above, the project site is not within or near state responsibility areas or within a
very high fire hazard severity zone. As discussed in items VII.a.iv and X.a.ii, the project is not subject to
landslides or flooding and thus, the risk of people and structures experiencing significant risks such as
downslope or downstream flooding or landslides, as a result of runoff, post-fire slope instability, or
drainage changes is negligible. No impact would occur.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -83- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
XXI. MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE
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a) Does the project have the potential to substantially degrade the
quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or
wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-
sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community,
substantially reduce the number or restrict the range of a rare or
endangered plant or animal or eliminate important examples of the
major periods of California history or prehistory?
☐ ☒ ☐ ☐
b) Does the project have impacts that are individually limited, but
cumulatively considerable? (“Cumulatively considerable” means that
the incremental effects of a project are considerable when viewed in
connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other
current projects, and the effects of probable future projects.)
☐ ☐ ☒ ☐
c) Does the project have environmental effects, which will cause the
substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or
indirectly? ☐ ☒ ☐ ☐
a) Does the project have the potential to substantially degrade the quality of the environment,
substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to
drop below self-sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community,
substantially reduce the number, or restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal or
eliminate important examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory?
Less than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. With the incorporation of mitigation measures
identified in this IS/MND, the proposed project would not have the potential to substantially degrade
the quality of the environment, reduce the habitat of a sensitive plant or animal species, or eliminate
important examples of California history or prehistory.
As discussed in Section IV, Biological Resources, the proposed project could potentially impact biological
resources, including sensitive animal species, nesting birds, sensitive vegetation communities, and
wetlands. Implementation of project-specific mitigation measures BIO-1 through BIO-5 would reduce
potentially significant impacts to biological resources to less than significant levels.
As described in Section V, Cultural Resources, and Section XVIII, Tribal Cultural Resources, the project
could potentially impact unknown buried archaeological resources/Tribal Cultural Resources during
ground disturbing activities. In addition, as described in Section VII, Geology and Soils, ground-disturbing
construction activities could potentially encounter paleontological resources. Such resources, if present,
could provide material to address important research questions and may contain culturally sensitive
material. Therefore, encountering unforeseen archaeological resources, Tribal Cultural Resources,
and/or paleontological resources during ground-disturbing activities may result in potentially significant
impacts. With implementation of project-specific mitigation measures CUL-1, TCR-1, TCR-2 and GEO-1,
these impacts would be reduced to less than significant levels.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -84- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
Mitigation: Project-specific mitigation measures BIO-1 through BIO-5, CUL-1, GEO-1, TCR-1, and TCR-2
would be implemented and would satisfy the requirements of mitigation measures BIO-4, BIO-5, BIO-6,
CUL-2, CUL-3, CUL-4, and PALEO-1 from the Trails Master Plan Programmatic IS/MND.
b) Does the project have impacts that are individually limited, but cumulatively considerable?
(“Cumulatively considerable” means that the incremental effects of a project are significant when
viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the
effects of past, present, and probable future projects)?
Less than Significant Impact. Cumulative impacts are defined as two or more individual project effects
that, when considered together or in concert with other projects, combine to result in a significant
impact (CEQA Guidelines Section 15355). Related projects considered to have the potential of creating
cumulative impacts in association with the project consist of projects that are reasonably foreseeable
and that would be constructed or operated during the life of the project. The project is located in a
developed area that is largely built out. The proposed project implements and is consistent with the
city’s Trails Master Plan and General Plan. Other trails proposed under the Trails Master Plan in the
vicinity of the project, including trails 8A, 8B, 10A, and 12A, would also be consistent with the Trails
Master Plan and General Plan. As stated in Chapter 5 of the recirculated portions of the General Plan
EIR, air quality, transportation, noise, and GHG emissions impacts identified in the EIR are considered
cumulatively significant in nature because the analysis is projected to the year 2035 and includes
regional growth. Cumulative effects on land use character, water quality, biological resources,
hazardous materials, and historical resources were all identified as being less than cumulatively
considerable. Section 15152(f)(1) of the CEQA Guidelines states “Where a Lead Agency determines that
a cumulative effect has been adequately addressed in the prior EIR, that effect is not treated as
significant for purposes of a later EIR or negative declaration.” The proposed project is consistent with
the city’s General Plan and does not conflict with existing land use designations; therefore, cumulative
impacts would be less than significant.
c) Does the project have environmental effects which will cause substantial adverse effects on
human beings, either directly or indirectly?
Less than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated. The project does not propose environmental effects
which would cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly. Adherence
to regulatory codes, ordinances, regulations, standards, and guidelines would ensure that construction
and operation of the proposed project would not result in substantial adverse direct or indirect effects
on humans. The project would not consist of any uses or activities that would negatively affect people in
the vicinity. The air quality analysis summarized in Section III, Air Quality, concluded that the project
would have less than significant impacts in relation to air pollutants and other air quality health
concerns. The proposed project would cause an increase in ambient noise levels during construction.
However, impacts would be temporary and in compliance with local ordinances and reduced with
implementation of mitigation measure NOI-1. The increased noise levels would not cause substantial
adverse impacts on human beings. Furthermore, as discussed in Section IX, Hazards and Hazardous
Materials, the project would not involve acutely hazardous materials or expose people to such
materials. Impacts would be less than significant.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -85- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
LIST OF MITIGATION MEASURES
The following project-specific mitigation measures would be implemented and would be consistent
with, and satisfy the requirements of, applicable mitigation measures from the Trails Master Plan
Programmatic IS/MND, as noted in this document.
Biological Resources
BIO-1 Gnatcatcher Nesting Season Avoidance. No clearing of occupied gnatcatcher habitat
may occur between March 1 and August 15 per the conditions of coverage for this species.
BIO-2 Nesting Bird Avoidance. Potential direct impacts to nesting bird species protected under the
MBTA and CFG Code shall be mitigated by restricting brushing, clearing/grubbing, and grading
to outside of the breeding season of most bird species (general breeding season is January 15
to September 15). Grubbing, grading, or clearing during the breeding season could occur if it is
determined, based on the results of a pre-construction survey (see below), that no nesting
birds (or birds displaying breeding or nesting behavior) are present immediately before
impacting potential nesting habitat. The City of Carlsbad shall be notified of any sensitive bird
species identified during the pre-construction surveys.
If project impacts to vegetation or grading are necessary within and/or adjacent to habitat
during the bird breeding season (January 15 to September 15), a qualified biologist shall
conduct pre-construction surveys to determine the presence or absence of nesting birds,
including raptors and sensitive bird species. The survey shall begin not more than three days
before the beginning of impacts or grading activities. If nests of listed birds, migratory birds,
raptors, or other sensitive species are located, they will be fenced with a protective buffer of
at least 500 feet from active nests of listed species, and 300 feet from other sensitive bird
species. Nests of non-sensitive bird species will be flagged for avoidance, and an appropriate
setback determined by the biologist. All construction activity will be prohibited within the
identified setbacks until a qualified biologist has determined that nesting behavior has ceased,
nests have failed, or young have fledged.
The USFWS shall be notified of any federally listed species observed nesting within 500 feet of
proposed grading activities, and the CDFW shall be notified of any state listed or special-status
species observed nesting within 500 feet of proposed grading activities.
If listed species are present and construction is to occur during the nesting season,
construction noise will be measured regularly to maintain a threshold at or below 60 dBA
hourly LEQ within 500 feet of breeding habitat occupied by listed species. If noise levels
supersede the threshold, noise barriers shall be erected to reduce noise impacts to occupied
habitat from project construction to below 60 dBA hourly LEQ, and/or the activities shall be
suspended until nesting is complete.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -86- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
BIO-3 Compensatory Mitigation and Revegetation of Temporary Impacts. Project mitigation for
impacts to native habitat types shall be provided to achieve no net loss. Impacts to Group A
riparian habitats (i.e., southern willow scrub) shall be mitigated at a minimum 1:1 ratio, Group
C upland habitat (coastal sage scrub) at a 2:1 ratio, and Group E upland habitat (non-native
grassland [disturbed]) at a 0.5:1 ratio.
Mitigation for permanent impacts to HMP Group A, C, and E habitat shall be provided at an
off-site location approved by the City of Carlsbad. The project mitigation for Group A and C
habitat shall include a minimum 1:1 creation or substantial restoration to ensure no-net loss
of native habitat.
Southern Willow Scrub: Mitigation for impacts to 0.03 acre of Group A southern willow scrub
is proposed to occur at a 1:1 ratio through the use of 0.03 acre of the City of Carlsbad’s
unused North County Habitat Bank mitigation credits.
Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub: Mitigation for impacts to 0.33 acre of Group C Diegan coastal sage
scrub is proposed to occur at a 2:1 ratio through one of the following options:
a) Use of 0.66 acre of SANDAG Sage Hill Mitigation Parcel credits; or
b) Creation, restoration, and/or enhancement at The Crossings site identified as a
“Proposed Future Mitigation Area”, and/or another offsite location to be
determined by the City of Carlsbad, totaling 0.66 acre, with at least 0.33 acre (1:1)
composed of creation or substantial restoration.
Non-native Grassland: Mitigation for impacts to 0.11 acre of Group D non-native grassland is
proposed to occur at a 0.5:1 ratio through the use of 0.06 credit at the City of Carlsbad’s Lake
Calavera Mitigation Parcel.
If mitigation credits are not used to mitigate for project impacts to Diegan coastal sage scrub,
a Restoration Plan addressing compensatory mitigation for impacts to this habitat shall be
prepared for review and approval by the City of Carlsbad’s Planning Department and HMP
Coordinator. The final restoration plan shall be submitted for review at least 30 days before
initiating project impacts. Where the off-site mitigation would occur within lands that are not
already preserved in perpetuity and subject to long-term management within an existing
biological conservation easement, the City of Carlsbad shall record an Open Space Easement
and a Conservation Easement or Restrictive Covenant over the off-site mitigation lands and
provide long-term management. Before clearing or impacts to any habitat, the following items
shall be approved by the City of Carlsbad’s Planning Department and HMP Coordinator and
considered final: Recordation of Conservation Easement, Restoration Plan, Preserve
Management Plan, long-term management funding, and Management Agreement with
qualified preserve manager, if not the City of Carlsbad.
BIO-4 Construction Fencing and Equipment Staging and Maintenance. To help ensure errant
impacts to sensitive vegetation communities outside of the impact footprint are avoided
during construction, environmental fencing (including silt fencing where determined
necessary by the SWPPP) would be installed at the edges of the impact limits before the
initiation of grading. All construction staging shall occur within the approved limits of
construction.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -87- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
Throughout construction, employees shall strictly limit their activities, vehicles, equipment,
and construction materials to the fenced project footprint or within existing developed areas.
Equipment maintenance, staging, and dispensing of fuel, oil, coolant, or any other such
activities shall occur in designated areas within the fenced project impact limits. These
designated areas shall be located in previously developed and disturbed areas to the
maximum extent practicable in such a manner as to prevent any runoff from entering adjacent
off-site habitats and shall be shown on the construction plans. Fueling of equipment shall take
place within existing developed areas. Contractor equipment shall be checked for leaks before
operation and repair, as necessary. “No-fueling zones” shall be designated on construction
plans.
If work occurs beyond the fenced or demarcated limits of impact, work shall cease until the
problem has been remedied to the satisfaction of City Planning. Impacts to jurisdictional areas
or HMP Habitat Groups that occur beyond the approved work limits fence shall be mitigated
in accordance with ratios specified in the Carlsbad HMP or as otherwise determined by City
Planning and in coordination with the applicable resource agencies, as appropriate.
Temporary construction fencing shall be removed upon project completion.
BIO-5 Biological Construction Monitoring. A qualified biologist will monitor the installation of
environmental fencing wherever it would abut sensitive vegetation communities,
jurisdictional waters or wetlands, or biological open space. The biologist also will conduct a
pre-construction environmental training session for construction personnel to inform them of
the sensitive biological resources on-site and avoidance measures to remain in compliance
with project approvals. The biologist also will monitor vegetation clearing, grubbing, and
grading activities on a regular basis to help ensure compliance with project approvals.
Cultural Resources
CUL-1 Contractor Awareness Training. An archaeological sensitivity training program will be
developed in consultation with the TCA tribe retained to monitor and delivered by a qualified
professional archaeologist prior to the beginning of ground-disturbing work for construction
crews working within the project area. The cultural awareness and sensitivity training shall
provide notification procedures if potential archaeological material is discovered, procedures
for coordination between construction and monitoring personnel, and information about
other situations that may arise if cultural resources, including human remains, are discovered
during construction. This training and communication protocol shall be communicated to all
new construction personnel prior to construction crews beginning ground-disturbing work on
the project, and on a poster that is placed in a visible location inside the construction job
trailer.
Geology and Soils
GEO-1 Unanticipated Discovery of Paleontological Resources. If evidence of subsurface
paleontological resources is found during construction, excavation and other ground-disturbing
construction activity shall immediately cease at the location of the suspected paleontological
exposure plus a 50-foot radius around the suspected find (no-work area) and the construction
contractor shall contact the City of Carlsbad Planning Division. With direction from the City of
Carlsbad Planning Division, a qualified paleontologist shall evaluate the find prior to resuming
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -88- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
ground-disturbing construction activity in the no-work area of the find. If warranted, the
paleontologist shall prepare a Paleontological Resources Mitigation Program for the salvage and
curation of identified resources for approval by the City of Carlsbad and implementation by the
construction contractor.
Noise
NOI-1 Construction Noise Management Plan. Noise levels from project-related construction activities
shall not exceed 10 dBA above existing ambient noise levels, or 70 dBA, when measured at
nearby noise-sensitive land uses or receptors. A Construction Management Plan that describes
the measures and specifications included on the construction plans to ensure compliance with
the noise limit shall be prepared and submitted to the City of Carlsbad Planning Division for
approval prior to issuance of the grading permit. The following measures may be included to
reduce construction noise generated by graders and scrapers:
• Construction equipment to be properly outfitted and maintained with manufacturer-
recommended noise-reduction devices.
• All internal combustion engines to be equipped with mufflers in good repair and are
subject to the City Noise Control Ordinance, Carlsbad Municipal Code Chapter 8.48.
• Diesel equipment to be operated with closed engine doors and equipped with factory-
recommended mufflers.
• Mobile or fixed “package” equipment (e.g., arc‐welders and air compressors) to be
equipped with shrouds and noise control features that are readily available for that type
of equipment.
• Electrically powered equipment to be used instead of pneumatic or internal‐combustion
powered equipment, where feasible.
• Unnecessary idling of internal combustion engines (e.g., in excess of 5 minutes) to be
prohibited.
• Material stockpiles and mobile equipment staging, parking, and maintenance areas to
be located as far as practicable from noise sensitive receptors.
• The use of noise‐producing signals, including horns, whistles, alarms, and bells, shall be
for safety warning purposes only.
• No project‐related public address or music system shall be audible at any adjacent
sensitive receptor.
• Temporary sound barriers or sound blankets may be installed between construction
operations and adjacent noise-sensitive receptors. Due to equipment exhaust pipes
being approximately 7 to 8 feet above ground, a sound wall at least 10 feet in height
above grade, to block the line-of-sight between project construction activities and
residences along the northern, southern, and eastern property lines. These barriers
would mitigate noise levels to within acceptable levels. To effectively reduce noise
levels, the sound barrier should be constructed of a material with an STC rating of 22 or
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -89- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
23 with no gaps or perforations and remain in place until the conclusion of demolition,
grading, and construction activities.
• General working hours are Monday through Friday, 7:00 a.m. - 6:00 p.m. Site mustering
(i.e., gathering/assembly at the site) is not allowed prior to and after the allowable
working hours.
Tribal Cultural Resources
TCR-1 Tribal Monitoring. Prior to the commencement of ground-disturbing activities, the applicant
shall:
a. Retain the services of a qualified archaeologist, defined as one either meeting the
Secretary of the Interior’s 1997 Professional Qualification Standards for Archeology or
working under the supervision of a qualified archaeologist, who shall be on-site for
ground-disturbing activities. In the event cultural material is encountered, the
archaeologist is empowered to temporarily divert or halt grading to allow for
coordination with the Luiseño Native American monitor, or other Traditionally and
Culturally Affiliated Luiseño tribe (“TCA Tribe”), and to determine the significance of the
discovery. The archaeologist shall follow all standard procedures for cultural materials
that are not tribal cultural resources.
b. A Luiseño Native American monitor shall be present during all ground disturbing
activities. Ground disturbing activities may include, but are not limited to, archaeological
studies, geotechnical investigations, clearing, grubbing, trenching, excavation,
preparation for other infrastructure, and grading activities.
c. Any and all uncovered artifacts of Luiseño Native American cultural importance shall be
returned to the San Luis Rey Band of Mission Indians, and/or the Most Likely
Descendant for later reburial on project site, if applicable, and not be curated, unless
ordered to do so by a federal agency or a court of competent jurisdiction.
d. The Luiseño Native American monitor shall be present at the project’s pre-construction
meeting to discuss with grading and excavation contractors excavation schedules and
safety issues, as well as to discuss with the archaeologist Principal Investigator (PI)
concerning the proposed archaeologist techniques and/or strategies for the project.
e. Luiseño Native American monitors and archaeological monitors shall have joint
authority to temporarily divert and/or halt construction activities. If tribal cultural
resources are discovered during construction, all earth-moving activity within and
around the immediate discovery area must be diverted until the Luiseño Native
American monitor and the archaeologist can assess the nature and significance of the
find.
f. If a significant tribal cultural resource(s) and/or unique archaeological resource(s) are
discovered during ground-disturbing activities for this project, the San Luis Rey Band of
Mission Indians and other TCA tribes shall be notified and consulted regarding the
respectful and dignified treatment of those resources. Pursuant to California PRC
Section 21083.2(b), avoidance is the preferred method of preservation for
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -90- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
archaeological and tribal cultural resources. If, however, the applicant is able to
demonstrate that avoidance of a significant and/or unique cultural resource is infeasible
and a data recovery plan, or other culturally appropriate mitigation measure, is
authorized by the City of Carlsbad as the lead agency, the San Luis Rey Band of Mission
Indians and other TCA tribes shall be consulted regarding the drafting and finalization of
such recovery plan.
g. If suspected Native American human remains are encountered, California Health and
Safety Code Section 7050.5(b) states that no further disturbance shall occur until the
San Diego County Medical Examiner has made the necessary findings as to origin.
Further, pursuant to California Public Resources Code Section 5097.98(b) remains shall
be left in place and free from disturbance until a final decision as to the treatment and
disposition has been made. Suspected Native American remains shall be examined in
the field and kept in a secure location at the site. A Luiseño Native American monitor
shall be present during the examination of the remains. If the San Diego County Medical
Examiner determines the remains to be Native American, the NAHC must be contacted
by the Medical Examiner within 24 hours. The NAHC must then immediately notify the
“Most Likely Descendant” about the discovery. The Most Likely Descendant shall then
make recommendations within 48 hours and engage in consultation concerning
treatment of remains as provided in Public Resources Code 5097.98.
h. In the event that fill material is imported into the project area, the fill shall be clean of
tribal cultural resources and documented as such. Commercial sources of fill material
are already permitted as appropriate and will be culturally sterile. If fill material is to be
utilized and/or exported from areas within the project site, then that fill material shall
be analyzed and confirmed by an archeologist and Luiseño Native American monitor
that such fill material does not contain tribal cultural resources.
i. No testing, invasive or non-invasive, shall be permitted on any recovered tribal cultural
resources without the written permission of the San Luis Rey Band of Mission Indians
and other TCA tribes.
j. Prior to the completion of project construction, a monitoring report and/or evaluation
report, if appropriate, which describes the results, analysis, and conclusions of the
monitoring program shall be submitted by the archaeologist, along with the Luiseño
Native American monitor’s notes and comments, to the City of Carlsbad for approval
and shall be submitted to the South Coastal Information Center. Said report shall be
subject to confidentiality as an exception to the Public Records Act and will not be
available for general public distribution.
TCR-2 Pre-Excavation Agreement. Prior to the commencement of any ground-disturbing activities, the
applicant shall enter into a Pre-Excavation Agreement, otherwise known as a Tribal Cultural
Resources Treatment and Tribal Monitoring Agreement, with a TCA affiliated consulting tribe.
This agreement shall meet all standard requirements of the tribe for such agreements in
accordance with applicable laws and regulations, including but not limited to the City of
Carlsbad’s 2017 Tribal, Cultural and Paleontological Resources Guidelines. This agreement will
address provision of a Luiseño Native American monitor and will also contain provisions to
address the proper treatment of any Tribal Cultural Resources and/or Luiseño Native American
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -91- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
human remains inadvertently discovered during the course of the project. The agreement shall
outline the roles and powers of the Luiseño Native American monitors and the archaeologist
and shall include the provisions outlined in TCR-1.
EARLIER ANALYSES
Earlier analyses may be used where, pursuant to the tiering, program EIR, or other CEQA process, one or
more effects have been adequately analyzed in an earlier EIR or negative declaration (Section
15063(c)(3)(D)). In such cases, a discussion should identify the following on attached sheets:
a) Earlier analyses used. Identify earlier analyses and state where they are available for review.
b) Impacts adequately addressed. Identify which effects from the above checklist were within the
scope of and adequately analyzed in an earlier document pursuant to applicable legal standards,
and state whether such effects were addressed by mitigation measures based on the earlier
analysis.
c) Mitigation measures. For effects that are “Less Than Significant with Mitigation Incorporated,”
describe the mitigation measures, which were incorporated or refined from the earlier
document and the extent to which they address site-specific conditions for the project.
EARLIER ANALYSIS USED AND SUPPORTING INFORMATION SOURCES
The following documents were used in the analysis of this project and are on file in the City of Carlsbad
Planning Division located at 1635 Faraday Avenue, Carlsbad, California, 92008.
California Department of Conservation (DOC). 2022. Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program.
California Important Farmland Finder. Available: https://maps.conservation.ca.gov/DLRP/CIFF/.
California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection (CALFIRE). 2025. Map of CAL FIRE’s Fire Hazard
Severity Zones in Local Responsibility Areas – Carlsbad. Available at: Fire Hazard Severity Zone
and Local PIO Viewer App.
2024. Fire Hazard Severity Zone Maps. Available at : https://calfire-
forestry.maps.arcgis.com/apps/webappviewer/index.html?id=988d431a42b242b29d89597ab69
3d008.
California Department of Toxic Substances Control. 2024. EnviroStor. Available at:
https://www.envirostor.dtsc.ca.gov/public/map/. Accessed May 20.
California Department of Transportation (Caltrans). 2024. List of Eligible and Officially Designated State
Scenic Highways. Available at: https://dot.ca.gov/programs/design/lap-landscape-architecture-
and-community-livability/lap-liv-i-scenic-highways.
2020. Transportation and Construction Vibration Guidance Manual. April. Available at:
https://dot.ca.gov/programs/environmental-analysis/noise-vibration/guidance-manuals.
California Energy Commission. 2018. 2018 Integrated Energy Policy Report Update.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -92- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
California State Water Resources Control Board.2024. GeoTracker. Available at:
https://geotracker.waterboards.ca.gov/. Accessed May 20.
City of Carlsbad. 2024a. General Plan Land Use & Community Design and Public Safety Elements.
January.
2024b. Climate Action Plan Update. November. Available at:
https://www.carlsbadca.gov/departments/environmental-sustainability/climate-action-plan.
2023a. Municipal Code (CMC), Title 21, Zoning.
2023b. Vehicle Miles Traveled Analysis Guidelines. May 31. Available at:
https://www.carlsbadca.gov/home/showpublisheddocument/312/638271826640914231.
2021. Sustainable Mobility Plan.
2020. City of Carlsbad Guidance to Demonstrating Consistency with the Climate Action Plan,
Form P-31, July.
2019a. Local Coastal Program, October.
2019b. Trails Master Plan, August.
2018. Trails Master Plan Final IS/MND (SCH# 2017041006), June.
2017. Tribal, Cultural, and Paleontological Resources Guidelines. September.
2015a. Carlsbad General Plan, September.
2015b. Final Environmental Impact Report for the City of Carlsbad General Plan and Climate
Action Plan (SCH #2011011004), June.
2008. Pedestrian Master Plan, August.
2007. Bikeway Master Plan, December.
2004. Habitat Management Plan for Natural Communities in the City of Carlsbad (HMP),
November.
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA). 2024. FEMA Flood Map Service Center. Available at:
https://msc.fema.gov/portal/home. Accessed May 22, 2024.
HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc. 2025a. Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Analysis for the Avenida
Encinas Coastal Rail Trail Project and Pedestrian Improvement Project. September 16.
2025b. Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail Project and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Biological Technical Report. October December.
2025c. Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail Project and Pedestrian Improvements Project Cultural
Resources Survey Report. October.
Project Name: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No: CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
January 2026 -93- Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration
HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc (cont.)
2025d. Construction Noise Analysis for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian
Improvements Project. October.
Nasland Engineering. 2024. Hydraulic report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian
Improvements (Segment 3).
2023. Stormwater Quality Management Act. December.
Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB). 2020. 2020-2022 Integrated Report for Clean Water Act
Section 303(d) Available at:
https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/water_quality_assessment/2020_202
2_integrated_report.html.
1994. Water Quality Control Plan for the San Diego Basin (most recently updated September 1,
2021). Available at:
https://www.waterboards.ca.gov/sandiego/water_issues/programs/basin_plan/.
San Diego Air Pollution Control District. 2024. Attainment Status. Available from:
https://www.sdapcd.org/content/sdapcd/planning/attainment-status.html.
San Diego Association of Governments. 2021. 2021 Regional Transportation Plan. December.
San Diego Regional Airport Authority/San Diego County Airport Land Use Commission. 2011. McClellan-
Palomar Airport Land Use Compatibility Plan. January.
STC Traffic. 2022a. Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail Traffic Impact Analysis. May.
2022b. VMT Analysis – Technical Memorandum. May 20.
U.S. Census Bureau. 2023. Quick Facts: Carlsbad California. Available at:
https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/fact/table/carlsbadcitycalifornia,sandiegocitycalifornia/PST
045222.
Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail
and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Project No. CDP2024-0010/HMP2024-0009
Appendices
Prepared for:
City of Carlsbad
1635 Faraday Avenue
Carlsbad, CA 92008
Prepared by:
HELIX Environmental Planning Inc.
7578 El Cajon Boulevard
La Mesa, CA 91942
January 2026
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Appendix A
Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas
Emissions Analysis
HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc. 7578 El Cajon Boulevard
La Mesa, CA 91942 619.462.1515 tel 619.462.0552 fax
www.helixepi.com
September 16, 2025 02230.00016.001
Larry Thornburgh
Nasland Engineering
4740 Ruffner Street
San Diego, CA 92111
Subject: Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Analysis for the Avenida Encinas
Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Dear Mr. Thornburgh:
HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc. (HELIX) was contracted by Nasland Engineering to provide an air
quality and greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions analysis for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and
Pedestrian Improvements Project (project) in the City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California. The
project proposes to install improvements along Avenida Encinas including the addition of bike lanes,
sidewalks, enhanced pedestrian crossings, bus stops, trail heads, connections between bike paths and
regional transit, and beach access. This report details the methods and results of the air quality and GHG
emissions analysis.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The City of Carlsbad (city) proposes to construct roadway, bikeway, and pedestrian improvements along
an approximately one-mile segment of Avenida Encinas between Palomar Airport Road and a point just
south of the Poinsettia Coaster Station Driveway in the western portion of the city. The project
alignment is situated between Interstate 5 and the Los Angeles-San Diego-San Luis Obispo (LOSSAN) rail
corridor and entirely within the Coastal Zone.
Proposed improvements would entail implementation of Reach 5 of the city’s portion of the Coastal Rail
Trail (CRT), a planned regional bicycle route that runs approximately 42 miles between Oceanside and
Santa Fe Depot in Downtown San Diego. Various segments of the CRT have been constructed in
Oceanside, Carlsbad, and Encinitas, including Reach 1 (along Carlsbad Boulevard from State Street to the
northern city boundary over Buena Vista Lagoon) and Reach 2 (between Tamarack Avenue and Oak
Avenue) in Carlsbad. In addition, in 2024, the city completed another portion of the CRT south of the
project and along Avenida Encinas between Poinsettia Lane and Windrose Circle. This portion of the CRT
proposed by the project, Reach 5 (from Palomar Airport Road to a point just south of the Poinsettia
Coaster Station Driveway), would include a Class II bike lane along both sides of Avenida Encinas,
consisting of a six-foot-wide striped bike lane within the roadway. Other improvements would include
Letter to Mr. Larry Thornburgh Page 2 of 5
September 16, 2025
roadway widening, new pavement, new sidewalks, curb ramps, center landscaped medians,
landscaping, bio-filtration swales, lighting, fencing, and retaining walls. Portions of the west side of
Avenida Encinas would be widened to accommodate the proposed roadway improvements, which
would all occur within the existing road right-of-way or city-owned property.
The project alignment occurs within a developed area comprised of commercial, industrial,
transportation, and residential land uses. Most of the project site is composed of developed land and
disturbed habitat, with relatively small areas of wetland and native upland habitats. Surrounding land
uses include Palomar Airport Road to the north; North County Transit District railroad right-of-way to
the west; the Poinsettia Coaster Station to the south; and a gas station, business parks, car dealership, a
wastewater treatment plant, and undeveloped land to the east. Figure 1 shows the regional location of
the project, Figure 2 consists of an aerial photograph of the project site and surroundings along with the
proposed alignment.
METHODOLOGY AND ASSUMPTIONS
Criteria air pollutant and GHG emissions resulting from construction of the proposed project were
quantified using the California Emissions Estimator Model (CalEEMod), Version 2022.1. CalEEMod is a
statewide land use emissions computer model designed to provide a uniform platform for government
agencies, land use planners, and environmental professionals to quantify emissions associated with both
construction and operations from a variety of land use projects. The model was developed for California
Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA) in collaboration with the California air districts.
CalEEMod allows for the use of default data (e.g., emission factors, trip lengths, meteorology, source
inventory) provided by the various California air districts to account for local requirements and
conditions, and/or user-defined inputs. The calculation methodology and default input data used in
CalEEMod can be found in the CalEEMod User’s Guide Appendices (CAPCOA 2022). The input data and
subsequent emission estimates for the proposed project are discussed below. CalEEMod output files for
the project are included in Attachment A of this letter. Because the project is designed to create a
balanced multi-modal corridor with improved bicycle and pedestrian facilities that will increase mobility
and safety along the corridor for all users, it would not increase long-term air pollutant or GHG
emissions in the project area, and therefore operational emissions were not modeled. By supporting
walking and biking, the proposed project would contribute to lower air pollutant and GHG emissions by
decreasing passenger vehicle use and vehicle miles traveled.
The analysis assumes that total construction duration would be approximately seven months. For
purposes of calculating emissions, construction is divided into the following activities: grubbing/land
clearing, grading/excavation, drainage/utilities/sub-grade, and paving. Land clearing would require
approximately 2,500 cubic yards (CY) of material export. Drainage, utilities, and sub-grade would require
approximately 1,500 CY of material import. Paving would require approximately 5,000 CY of material
import. Sources of construction air pollutant and GHG emissions include off-road diesel equipment
exhaust, construction worker commute and haul truck exhaust, re-entrained paved road dust, and
fugitive dust from land clearing.
Table 1, Construction Assumptions, presents the constructions schedule and equipment fleet to be used
during each activity. A complete listing of the assumptions used in the analysis and the model outputs
are provided in Attachment A.
Letter to Mr. Larry Thornburgh Page 3 of 5
September 16, 2025
Table 1
CONSTRUCTION ASSUMPTIONS
Activity Start Date End Date Equipment
Grubbing and Land Clearing 4/1/2026 4/30/2026 2 Signal Boards, 1 Crawler Tractor,
2 Excavators
Grading and Excavation 5/1/2026 6/2/2026 3 Excavators, 1 Crawler Tractor, 2 Graders,
2 Rollers, 2 Signal Boards, 4 Tractors/Loaders/
Backhoes, 1 Rubber Tired Loader, 2 Scrapers
Drainage, Utilities, and
Sub-Grade
6/3/2026 7/31/2026 1 Scraper, 1 Rough Terrain Forklift,
3 Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes, 2 Signal Boards,
1 Grader, 1 Plate Compactor, 1 Pump,
1 Air Compressor, 1 Generator Set
Paving 8/1/2026 10/30/2026 2 Rollers, 1 Paving Equipment, 1 Paver,
3 Tractors/Loaders/Backhoes, 2 Signal Boards
Source: Nasland Engineering 2025 CalEEMod (complete data provided in Attachment A).
CRITERIA POLLUTANT EMISSIONS
Construction of the proposed project would generate short-term emissions of criteria air pollutants and
precursors, including reactive organic gases (ROG), oxides of nitrogen (NOX), carbon monoxide (CO),
oxides of sulfur (SOX), and particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5). An estimate of the maximum daily
emissions during project construction is presented in Table 2, Estimated Maximum Daily Construction
Emissions.
Table 2 ESTIMATED MAXIMUM DAILY CONSTRUCTION EMISSIONS
(Pounds per Day)
Activity ROG NOX CO SOX PM10 PM2.5
Grubbing/Land Clearing 0.53 5.36 5.53 0.01 0.81 0.33
Grading/Excavation 3.65 30.10 38.40 0.07 3.12 1.44
Drainage/Utilities/Sub-Grade 1.91 16.43 21.17 0.04 1.58 0.72
Paving 0.91 8.50 12.99 0.02 0.68 0.38
Maximum Daily Emissions 3.65 30.10 38.40 0.07 3.12 1.44
SDAPCD Trigger Levels 137 250 550 250 100 67
CalEEMod output provided in Attachment A. ROG = reactive organic gas; NOX = nitrous oxides; CO = carbon monoxide; SOX = sulfur oxides; PM10 = particulate matter 10 microns or less in diameter; PM2.5 = particulate matter 2.5 microns or less in diameter
The San Diego Air Pollution Control District (SDAPCD) does not provide quantitative thresholds for
determining the significance of construction or mobile source-related air quality or GHG impacts under
the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). However, the district does specify Air Quality Impact
Analysis (AQIA) trigger levels for new or modified stationary sources (SDAPCD Rules 20.2 and 20.3). If
these incremental levels for stationary sources are exceeded, an AQIA must be performed for the
proposed new or modified source. Although these trigger levels do not generally apply to mobile
sources or general land development projects, for comparative purposes these levels may be used to
evaluate the increased emissions which would be discharged to the San Diego Air Basin from proposed
land development projects.
Letter to Mr. Larry Thornburgh Page 4 of 5
September 16, 2025
SDAPCD Rule 20.2, which outlines these screening level thresholds, states that any project which results
in an emissions increase equal to or greater than any of these levels, must:
“demonstrate through an AQIA … that such emissions increase will not (1) cause a violation of a
State or national ambient air quality standard anywhere that does not already exceed such
standard, nor (2) cause additional violations of a national ambient air quality standard anywhere
the standard is already being exceeded, nor (3) prevent or interfere with the attainment or
maintenance of any State or national ambient air quality standard.”
For projects whose emissions are below these criteria, no AQIA is typically required.
While these thresholds were intended for stationary sources of emissions, the city has determined that
they are appropriate to use for evaluating the proposed project’s construction air pollutant emissions
(e.g., stationary and fugitive emissions, as well as emissions from mobile sources). The hourly and yearly
screening level thresholds are most appropriately used in situations when temporary emissions like
emergency generators or other stationary sources are proposed as a part of a project. The daily
screening level thresholds are most appropriately used for construction emissions. When project
emissions have the potential to approach or exceed the screening level thresholds, additional air quality
modeling may need to be prepared to demonstrate that ground level concentrations resulting from
project emissions (with background levels) will be below Federal and State Ambient Air Quality
Standards. Therefore, emissions associated with construction of the proposed project were compared to
SDAPCD’s AQIA Trigger Levels as contained within SDAPCD Regulation II, Rule 20.2. As shown in Table 2,
criteria pollutant emissions associated with project construction would be below these levels.
GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS
In addition to criteria air pollutants, proposed project construction would generate GHG emissions
associated with off-road diesel equipment exhaust, and from worker and truck trips to and from the
project site. The primary emissions would be carbon dioxide (CO2) from gasoline and diesel combustion,
with more limited vehicle tailpipe emissions of nitrous oxide and methane. Emissions of GHGs are
presented in carbon dioxide equivalents (CO2e), which is a metric used to compare the emissions from
various GHGs based on their global warming potential. The CO2e of a gas is determined by multiplying
the tons of that gas by its global warming potential.
Letter to Mr. Larry Thornburgh Page 5 of 5
September 16, 2025
Total GHG emissions during project construction are presented in Table 3, Construction GHG Emissions.
These construction GHG emissions estimates will be used to support preparation of the proposed
project’s CEQA documentation.
Table 3
CONSTRUCTION GHG EMISSIONS
Activity MT CO2e
Grubbing/Land Clearing 17.94
Grading/Excavation 84.27
Drainage/Utilities/Sub-Grade 91.59
Paving 79.21
Total 273.00
CalEEMod output provided in Attachment A
MT = metric tons; CO2e = carbon dioxide equivalent
Sincerely,
Victor Ortiz
Senior Air Quality Specialist
Attachments:
Figure 1: Regional Location
Figure 2: Aerial Vicinity
Attachment A: CalEEMod Output
REFERENCES
California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA). 2022. User’s Guide for CalEEMod Version
2022.1. Available at: https://www.caleemod.com/user-guide.
Nasland Engineering. 2025. Email communication between Thornburgh, L. and Belzman, T. of HELIX
Environmental Planning, Inc. September 15.
Attachment A
CalEEMod Output
Appendix B
Biological Technical Report
Avenida Encinas Coastal
Rail Trail and Pedestrian
Improvements Project
Biological Technical Report
December 2025 | 02230.00016.001
Submitted to
City of CarlsbadDepartment of Public Works
1635 Faraday AvenueCarlsbad, CA 92008-2428
Prepared for:
Nasland Engineering4740 Ruffner StreetSan Diego, CA 92111
Prepared by:
HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc.
7578 El Cajon Boulevard
La Mesa, CA 91942
This page intentionally left blank
i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 Purpose of the Report ......................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Project Location and Description ........................................................................................ 1
1.2.1 Project Location ..................................................................................................... 1
1.2.2 Project Description ................................................................................................ 1
2.0 METHODS ......................................................................................................................................... 2
2.1 Literature Review ................................................................................................................ 2
2.2 General Biological Survey ................................................................................................... 2
2.3 Rare Plant Survey ................................................................................................................ 3
2.4 Aquatic Resources Mapping and Delineation ..................................................................... 3
2.4.1 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers ................................................................................ 3
2.4.2 Regional Water Quality Control Board .................................................................. 4
2.4.3 California Department of Fish and Wildlife ........................................................... 4
2.4.4 California Coastal Commission .............................................................................. 4
2.5 Survey Limitations ............................................................................................................... 4
2.6 Nomenclature ..................................................................................................................... 5
3.0 REGIONAL CONTEXT ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.1 Carlsbad Habitat Management Plan ................................................................................... 5
3.2 Habitat Preservation and Management Requirements ...................................................... 7
3.3 Zone Level Recommendations ............................................................................................ 8
3.4 Coastal Resource Protection Overlay Zone Ordinance ....................................................... 8
3.5 Coastal Zone Standards ...................................................................................................... 9
4.0 RESULTS ........................................................................................................................................... 9
4.1 Site Description and General Land Uses ............................................................................. 9
4.2 Topography and Soils ........................................................................................................ 10
4.3 Vegetation Communities/Habitat Types .......................................................................... 10
4.3.1 Southern Willow Scrub ........................................................................................ 11
4.3.2 Disturbed Wetland ............................................................................................... 11
4.3.3 Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub (including Disturbed) ................................................ 11
4.3.4 Non-native Grassland (Disturbed) ....................................................................... 12
4.3.5 Disturbed Habitat................................................................................................. 12
4.3.6 Developed ............................................................................................................ 12
4.4 Flora .................................................................................................................................. 13
4.5 Fauna................................................................................................................................. 13
4.6 Jurisdictional Wetlands and Waters ................................................................................. 13
5.0 SENSITIVE BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES .............................................................................................. 14
5.1 Sensitive Natural Communities......................................................................................... 14
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.)
Section Page
5.2 Special-status Plant Species .............................................................................................. 14
5.2.1 Special-status Plant Species Observed ................................................................ 14
5.2.2 Special-status Plant Species with Potential to Occur .......................................... 15
5.3 Special-status Animal Species ........................................................................................... 15
5.3.1 Special-status Animal Species Observed or Otherwise Detected........................ 16
5.3.2 Special-status Animal Species with Potential to Occur ....................................... 16
5.4 U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Critical Habitats ................................................................. 16
5.5 Jurisdictional Wetlands and Waters ................................................................................. 16
5.6 Wildlife Corridors and Linkages ........................................................................................ 17
6.0 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK ........................................................................................................... 18
6.1 Federal .............................................................................................................................. 18
6.1.1 Federal Endangered Species Act .......................................................................... 18
6.1.2 Migratory Bird Treaty Act .................................................................................... 18
6.1.3 Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972 .............................................................. 19
6.1.4 Clean Water Act and Rivers and Harbors Act ...................................................... 19
6.2 State .................................................................................................................................. 19
6.2.1 California Environmental Quality Act .................................................................. 19
6.2.2 California Endangered Species Act ...................................................................... 19
6.2.3 California Coastal Act of 1976 .............................................................................. 20
6.2.4 California Fish and Game Code ............................................................................ 20
6.2.5 California Natural Community Conservation Planning Act of 1991 .................... 21
6.3 Local .................................................................................................................................. 21
6.3.1 Multiple Habitat Conservation Program .............................................................. 21
6.3.2 Carlsbad Habitat Management Plan .................................................................... 21
6.3.3 Zone Level Recommendations ............................................................................. 22
6.3.4 Coastal Resource Protection Overlay Zone Ordinance ........................................ 22
6.3.5 Coastal Zone Standards ....................................................................................... 22
7.0 IMPACTS ......................................................................................................................................... 22
7.1 Direct Impacts ................................................................................................................... 23
7.1.1 Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types ................................................. 23
7.1.2 Special-status Species .......................................................................................... 24
7.1.3 Migratory Bird Treaty Act .................................................................................... 24
7.1.4 Jurisdictional Wetlands and Waters .................................................................... 24
7.1.5 Wildlife Corridors and Linkages ........................................................................... 24
7.2 Indirect Impacts ................................................................................................................ 25
7.2.1 Vegetation Communities ..................................................................................... 25
7.2.2 Special-status Species .......................................................................................... 25
7.2.3 Jurisdictional Wetlands and Waters .................................................................... 25
7.2.4 Wildlife Corridors ................................................................................................. 25
iii
TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.)
Section Page
8.0 DETERMINATION OF SIGNIFICANCE .............................................................................................. 26
8.1 Vegetation Communities .................................................................................................. 26
8.2 Special-status Species ....................................................................................................... 26
8.3 Jurisdictional Resources .................................................................................................... 27
9.0 MITIGATION ................................................................................................................................... 27
9.1 Vegetation Communities .................................................................................................. 27
9.2 Special-status Species ....................................................................................................... 29
9.3 Jurisdictional Wetlands and Waters ................................................................................. 30
10.0 CARLSBAD HABITAT MANAGEMENT PLAN COMPLIANCE ............................................................. 30
10.1 Consistency with HMP Preserve ....................................................................................... 30
10.2 Consistency With HMP Species Requirements ................................................................. 31
10.2.1 Section D6 of the HMP (pg. D-90), Measures to Minimize Impact on HMP
Species and Mitigation Requirements ................................................................. 31
10.3 Consistency with HMP Adjacency Standards and Zone-Level Recommendations ........... 32
10.3.1 Section F3-Adjacency Standards (Carlsbad HMP pg. F-16) .................................. 32
10.3.2 Section F5-Zone-Level Recommendations for Zone 3 and Zone 22 (Carlsbad HMP
pg. F25-F28) ......................................................................................................... 33
10.4 Consistency with HMP Coastal Zone Standards (Carlsbad HMP Pg. D-114) ..................... 33
11.0 LIST OF PREPARERS ........................................................................................................................ 36
12.0 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................... 37
LIST OF APPENDICES
A Plant Species Observed
B Animal Species Observed or Detected
C Sensitive Plant Species with Potential to Occur
D Sensitive Animal Species with Potential to Occur
iv
TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.)
LIST OF FIGURES
No. Title Follows Page
1 Regional Location ............................................................................................................................. 2
2a Aerial Vicinity ................................................................................................................................... 2
2b USGS Topography ............................................................................................................................ 2
3 Regional Planning Context ............................................................................................................... 2
4a-c Site Plan ........................................................................................................................................... 2
5 Critical Habitat ............................................................................................................................... 10
6a-b Vegetation and Sensitive Biological Resources ............................................................................. 10
7a-b Potentially Jurisdictional Resources............................................................................................... 14
8a-b Vegetation and Sensitive Biological Resources /Impacts .............................................................. 24
9a-b Potentially Jurisdictional Resources /Impacts ............................................................................... 24
LIST OF TABLES
No. Title Page
1 Biological Surveys............................................................................................................................. 3
2 Carlsbad Habitat Management Plan (HMP) Habitat Groups ......................................................... 10
3 Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types .......................................................................... 11
4 Aquatic Resources in the Project Limits......................................................................................... 13
5 Project Impacts to Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types............................................. 23
6 Project Impacts to Aquatic Resources ........................................................................................... 24
7 Mitigation for Impacts to Vegetation Communities ...................................................................... 27
Biological Technical Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project | December 2025
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1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 PURPOSE OF THE REPORT
HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc. (HELIX) completed this biological resources technical report for the
Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project (project) in the City of Carlsbad
(City), San Diego County, California. The purpose of this report is to document the existing biological
conditions within the approximately 9.85-acre project site (site) and provide an analysis of potential
impacts on sensitive biological resources with respect to local, state, and federal policy. This report
provides the biological resources technical documentation necessary for review under the California
Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) by the City.
1.2 PROJECT LOCATION AND DESCRIPTION
1.2.1 Project Location
The project site is generally located north of the Batiquitos Lagoon in the southwestern portion of the
City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California (Figure 1, Regional Location). Specifically, the site occurs
along Avenida Encinas west of Interstate (I-) 5, between Palomar Airport Road southward until
terminating just east of Embarcadero Lane (Figure 2a, Aerial Vicinity). The site is located in Section 20
and unsectioned lands in Township 12 South, Range 4 West of the Encinitas U.S. Geological Survey
(USGS) 7.5-minute topographic map (Figure 2b, USGS Topography).
The site is bounded by existing commercial development to the north, east, and south and the Los
Angeles-San Diego-San Luis Obispo (LOSSAN) railroad corridor to the west. The project occurs within the
boundaries of the adopted Carlsbad Habitat Management Plan (HMP), primarily within Local Facilities
Management Zone (LFMZ) 3 and LFMZ 22, but occurring outside and immediately north of Existing
Hardline Preserve between the Poinsettia Coaster Station and Water’s End Homeowners Association
(Figure 3, Regional Planning Context).
1.2.2 Project Description
The City proposes to construct roadway, bikeway, and pedestrian improvements along an approximately
one-mile segment of Avenida Encinas between Palomar Airport Road and a point just south of the
Poinsettia Coaster Station driveway in the western portion of the City (Figures 4a-4c, Site Plan). The
project alignment is situated in the Coastal Zone between Interstate 5 and the LOSSAN rail corridor.
Proposed improvements would entail the implementation of Reach 5 of the City’s portion of the Coastal
Rail Trail (CRT), a planned regional bicycle route, running approximately 42 miles between Oceanside
and Santa Fe Depot in Downtown San Diego. Various segments of the CRT have been constructed in
Oceanside, Carlsbad, and Encinitas, including Reach 1 (along Carlsbad Boulevard from State Street to the
northern city boundary over Buena Vista Lagoon) and Reach 2 (between Tamarack Avenue and Oak
Avenue) in Carlsbad. In addition, in 2024, the City completed another portion of the CRT south of the
project and along Avenida Encinas between Poinsettia Lane and Windrose Circle. This portion of the CRT
proposed by the project, Reach 5 (from Palomar Airport Road to a point just south of the Poinsettia
Coaster Station Driveway), would include a Class II bike lane along both sides of Avenida Encinas,
consisting of a six-foot-wide striped bike lane within the roadway. Other improvements would include
Biological Technical Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project | December 2025
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roadway widening, new pavement, new sidewalks, curb ramps, center landscaped medians,
landscaping, bio-filtration swales, lighting, fencing, and retaining walls. Proposed improvements would
occur within the existing road right-of-way or property owned by the City.
The project alignment occurs within a developed area comprised of commercial, industrial,
transportation, and residential land uses. The majority of the project site is composed of developed land
and disturbed habitat, with small areas of wetland and native upland habitats. Surrounding land uses
include Palomar Airport Road to the north; North County Transit District railroad right-of-way to the
west; the Poinsettia Coaster Station to the south; and a gas station, business parks, car dealership, a
wastewater treatment plant, and undeveloped land to the east.
2.0 METHODS
2.1 LITERATURE REVIEW
Before conducting field surveys, a thorough review of relevant maps, databases, and literature
pertaining to biological resources known to occur within the project vicinity was performed. Recent and
historical aerial imagery (Google 2022), topographic maps, soils maps (U.S. Department of Agriculture
[USDA] 2023), vegetation maps (City of Carlsbad [City] 2011), and other maps of the project site and
vicinity were acquired and reviewed to obtain updated information on the natural environmental
setting. In addition, a query of sensitive species and habitats databases was conducted, including the
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) species records (USFWS 2023), California Natural Diversity
Database (CNDDB; California Department of Fish and Wildlife [CDFW] 2023), and the California Native
Plant Society (CNPS) Electronic Inventory (California Native Plant Society [CNPS] 2024)applications. The
Carlsbad HMP (City 2004) and the City’s Guidelines for Biological Studies (Technology Associates 2008)
were also used to obtain information on regional species and habitats of concern.
2.2 GENERAL BIOLOGICAL SURVEY
A general biological survey was conducted by HELIX principal biologist Stacy Nigro on November 15,
2022, which included the 9.85-acre project site and an approximately 50-foot radius extending outward
from the project limits along most of the alignment, for a total 23.9-acre study area. A follow-up survey
to detect special-status plants potentially occurring on site and to refine vegetation community mapping
was conducted on May 26, 2023. The surveys were conducted on foot, with the aid of binoculars, and
included 100 percent visual coverage of the study area. Private property, the LOSSAN rail right-of-way,
and other areas where access was restricted were not walked during the survey. Restricted areas were
visually inspected by binocular scans. The study area was evaluated in terms of project adjacency
context only; the project site (project footprint) is discussed in this report.
The general biological survey included a general inventory of existing conditions, which focused
primarily on mapping existing vegetation communities or habitat types, assessing suitability for sensitive
plant and animal species, and identifying potential sensitive resources. The site was also evaluated for
potentially jurisdictional resources, including vernal pools. Vegetation was mapped on 1"=200' scale
aerial maps of the site Plant and animal species observed or detected on site were recorded in field
notebooks. Animal identifications were made in the field by direct visual observation or indirectly by
detection of calls, burrows, tracks, or scat. Plant identifications were made in the field or in the lab
through comparison with photographs and literature resources. The locations of special-status plant and
Figure 2b
USGS Topography
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Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
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Biological Technical Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project | December 2025
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animal species incidentally observed or otherwise detected were mapped and recorded on ArcGIS
Collector software. Table 1, Biological Surveys, provides a summary of biological surveys conducted to
date for the project.
Table 1
BIOLOGICAL SURVEYS
Survey Type Date Personnel
General Biological Survey, Vegetation
Mapping, Habitat Assessment, Aquatic
Resources Mapping
November 15, 2022 Stacy Nigro
Vegetation Mapping, Rare Plant Survey May 23, 2023 Stacy Nigro
Jurisdictional Delineation August 20, 2024 Stacy Nigro
2.3 RARE PLANT SURVEY
HELIX conducted a rare plant survey on and immediately adjacent to the project site on May 26, 2023
(Table 1). Special-status plant species include species that are (1) listed as threatened or endangered by
the USFWS or the CDFW; (2) those with a California Rare Plant Rank (CRPR) 1 through 4 designated by
the CNPS; and (3) those covered by the City’s HMP. The surveys were conducted on foot and included
100 percent visual coverage of the project site. Special-status plant species encountered were mapped
using a hand-held Global Positioning System (GPS) unit and/or on an aerial photograph. Special-status
plant species were also searched for opportunistically during other surveys.
2.4 AQUATIC RESOURCES MAPPING AND DELINEATION
HELIX mapped potentially jurisdictional aquatic resources within the study area as part of the general
biological survey conducted on November 15, 2022, followed by a formal jurisdictional delineation
within the project site on August 20, 2024. Aquatic resources were preliminarily mapped based on
vegetation community type or the presence of stream features. Before beginning fieldwork, aerial
photographs (1"=200' scale), topographic maps (1"=200' scale), and National Wetland Inventory (NWI)
maps were reviewed to assist in determining the location of potential jurisdictional areas in the project
site during the general biological survey. The jurisdictional delineation conducted in 2024 utilized 1"=60'
scale aerial and topographic maps with two-foot contours. The site was surveyed on foot, and potential
jurisdictional resources were either plotted into the GPS receiver or mapped directly in the field onto
the photographic maps. Features with the potential to be jurisdictional to the U.S. Army Corps of
Engineers (USACE), Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB), and/or CDFW, or potentially
considered coastal wetlands by the California Coastal Commission (CCC), were mapped.
2.4.1 U.S. Army Corps of Engineers
Potential wetland waters of the U.S. boundaries were delineated using the three criteria (vegetation,
hydrology, and soils) established for wetland delineations as described within the Wetlands Delineation
Manual (Environmental Laboratory 1987) and Arid West Supplement (USACE 2008). Boundaries of
potential non-wetland waters of the U.S. within the project site were delineated by their relation to an
ordinary high water mark (OHWM).
Biological Technical Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project | December 2025
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The USACE asserts regulatory jurisdiction over activities affecting wetland and non-wetland waters of
the U.S. pursuant to Section 404 of the Federal Clean Water Act (CWA). The current definition of waters
of the U.S. under the 2023 Sackett Ruling clarifies that the CWA extends only to traditional navigable
waters and relatively permanent bodies of water (tributaries such as streams and rivers) connected to
traditional navigable waters, the territorial seas, or interstate waters, and wetlands that have a
continuous surface connection with those waters.
2.4.2 Regional Water Quality Control Board
Potential RWQCB wetland waters of the state within the project site were delineated based on the State
Water Resources Control Board’s (SWRCB’s) State Wetland Definition and Procedures for Discharges of
Dredged or Fill Material to Waters of the State (Procedures), adopted on April 2, 2019 (SWRCB 2019),
and implemented as of May 28, 2020. Boundaries of potential non-wetland waters of the State were
delineated based on the presence of stream bed and bank and/or the presence of an OHWM.
The RWQCB asserts regulatory jurisdiction over activities affecting wetland and non-wetland waters of
the state pursuant to Section 401 of the CWA. Additionally, the RWQCB regulates isolated waters
features under the authority of the State Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act.
2.4.3 California Department of Fish and Wildlife
CDFW jurisdictional boundaries were determined based on the presence of regular surface flow
associated with a stream, the presence of a lake, or the presence of riparian vegetation along a stream
or lake. The limits of jurisdictional streambed can extend up to the tops of the associated banks. CDFW
also regulates all riparian habitat that may extend beyond the banks of a stream.
Pursuant to Division 2, Chapter 6, Sections 1600-1603 of the California Fish and Game Code (CFG Code),
the CDFW regulates all diversions, obstructions, or changes to the natural flow or bed, channel, or bank
of any river, stream, or lake, which supports fish or wildlife.
2.4.4 California Coastal Commission
Boundaries of wetlands in the coastal zone (i.e., “coastal wetlands”) were determined based on the
CCC’s “one-parameter” definition, which only requires evidence of a single parameter to establish
wetland conditions: “Wetland shall be defined as land where the water table is at, near, or above the
land surface long enough to promote the formation of hydric soils or to support the growth of
hydrophytes, and shall also include those types of wetlands where vegetation is lacking and soil is poorly
developed or absent as a result of frequent and drastic fluctuations of surface water levels, wave action,
water flow, turbidity or high concentrations of salts or other substances in the substrate” (CCR Title 14,
Section 13577).
2.5 SURVEY LIMITATIONS
Noted animal species were identified by direct observation, vocalizations, or the observance of scat,
tracks, or other signs. However, the lists of species identified are not necessarily comprehensive
accounts of all species that utilize the project site, as species that are nocturnal, secretive, or seasonally
restricted may not have been observed. Those species that are of special status and have the potential
to occur in the project site, however, are still addressed in this report.
Biological Technical Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project | December 2025
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2.6 NOMENCLATURE
Nomenclature for this report is taken from Oberbauer et al. (2008) and the Carlsbad HMP (City 2004) for
vegetation communities; Jepson eFlora (2023) and Calflora (2023) for plants, Society for the Study of
Amphibians and Reptiles (2023) for amphibians and reptiles, American Ornithological Society (2023) for
birds, and Bradley et al. (2014) and Tremor et al. (2017) for mammals. Plant species status is from the
CNPS (2024), and animal species status is from the CDFW (2023a-c). Soils information for the site was
obtained from the Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey (USDA 2023).
3.0 REGIONAL CONTEXT
The proposed project occurs in the western portion of the City, which is located along the Pacific Coast
in northern San Diego County. The bioregion that generally defines the area is influenced by a coastal
Mediterranean climate. The area’s climate, coupled with coastal geological formations and land
features, gives rise to an array of habitat types and species that are unique to coastal southern
California. Although past agricultural practices and urbanization have resulted in the conversion of land
within much of the region, habitat blocks and linkages of undeveloped land occur among existing
developments that provide important habitat for plant and animal species that reside and migrate to
and from the area. Larger habitat blocks exist on steep-sloping land and in and around the three coastal
lagoons that occur within Carlsbad: Agua Hedionda Lagoon, Batiquitos Lagoon, and Buena Vista Lagoon.
Additional undeveloped areas occur on some of the higher-elevation inland portions of Carlsbad that
have not been subjected to intense agricultural practices or development. Grasslands, coastal sage
scrub, chaparral, riparian woodlands and forests, and riverine, palustrine, and estuarine habitats all
contribute to the overall biological value and aesthetic appeal of the region.
3.1 CARLSBAD HABITAT MANAGEMENT PLAN
The proposed project is located within the boundaries of the Carlsbad HMP. Based on the existing
distribution of vegetation communities and sensitive species, Focused Planning Areas (FPAs) were
developed and identified throughout the Carlsbad HMP areas. The FPAs were further broken down into
HMP cores and linkages. Eight core FPAs have been identified that are connected to one another and to
adjoining habitat areas outside Carlsbad by biological linkages and corridors. The FPAs and HMP cores
and linkages serve as essential components of a citywide preserve system, which protects the high-
priority and sensitive biological resources that occur within Carlsbad and is intended to offset the loss of
habitat from lower-priority areas approved for development. In addition, several Special Resource Areas
(SRAs) have been designated for portions of the Carlsbad that support important habitat but are too
small, isolated, and exposed to an urban/wildlands interface to be considered HMP core or linkage
areas.
The following terms and definitions are used in this report and correspond to specific resources
addressed under the Carlsbad HMP:
• HMP Permit – The local permit required to be obtained when a development project impacts,
either directly or indirectly, habitat in Carlsbad.
• Covered Species – Species for which take authorization is provided under the Carlsbad HMP
because long-term viability has been determined to be adequately maintained under the
Biological Technical Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project | December 2025
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Carlsbad HMP as identified in Lists 1, 2, and 3, Exhibit "A" to the Implementing Agreement. The
HMP addresses the species identified as List 1 in a manner sufficient to meet all of the criteria
for issuing an incidental take permit (ITP). Take authorization for species of Lists 2 and 3 is
contingent on other Multiple Habitat Conservation Program (MHCP) subarea plans being
permitted and/or funding for enhanced management of preserved areas.
• Development Project – Any use of a property, including grading, clearing, and grubbing,
construction, alteration of any magnitude or activities incidental thereto which requires a
discretionary or ministerial permit, entitlement, or approval issued under Titles 15, 18, 20, or 21
of the Carlsbad Municipal Code.
• Narrow Endemic Species – Native species with restricted geographic distributions, soil affinities
and/or habitats, and for purposes of the Carlsbad HMP, species that, in addition, have important
populations within the plan area, such that substantial loss of these populations or their habitat
within the Carlsbad HMP area might jeopardize the continued existence or recovery of that
species and therefore special conservation standards are required.
• Existing Hardline Conservation Areas – Also referred to as existing hardline preserve areas,
these include properties that have already been conserved for their habitat value due to
permitting actions occurring in the past before approval of the Carlsbad HMP.
• Proposed Hardline Conservation Areas – Also referred to as proposed hardline preserve areas,
properties whose preservation and development areas have been planned as part of the
Carlsbad HMP, as agreed upon in coordination with the landowners, City, USFWS, and CDFW. If
the area proposed for development and proposed for conservation is in conformance with the
Carlsbad HMP, the development will be allowed under the Carlsbad HMP.
• Standards Areas – Properties whose preservation and development areas have not yet been
planned as part of the Carlsbad HMP. Instead, preservation and conservation standards have
been developed for these properties, which must be complied with when a development project
is submitted for the property.
Conservation of land within the City is generally implemented as either a (1) Existing Hardline Preserve
area, (2) Proposed Hardline Preserve area, or (3) Standards Areas. The Existing Hardline Preserve areas
include both publicly-owned land and privately-owned land that has been committed to habitat
conservation as a result of existing open space regulations, past development approvals, or other
actions. The Proposed Hardline Preserve represents a number of proposed public and private projects
that have submitted proposed hardline conservation designs for inclusion in the HMP and the preserve
system. Since the approval of the HMP, these proposals have obtained, or will obtain, the same
conservation status as Existing Hardline Preserve areas. Take of habitat will be authorized for the
remaining portions of the projects.
Developments and associated hardline preserve designs have not yet been proposed for some
properties within the City, which may provide an important contribution to the Carlsbad HMP preserve
system. These properties are identified as Standards Areas in the Carlsbad HMP. The Carlsbad HMP
includes conservation goals and standards arranged according to the LFMZ, which will apply to future
development proposals in the standards areas.
Biological Technical Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project | December 2025
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Regarding the proposed project, the site is located within LFMZ 3 and 22. The project site is not located
within a Standards Area, designated Linkage, or Special Resource Area, as prescribed by the HMP. An
Existing Hardline Conservation Area is off-site, located immediately south of the project site, between
the Poinsettia Lane Coaster Station and Water’s End Homeowners Association (Figure 3). The Hardline
Preserve Area is entirely outside of the project limits (Figure 3).
3.2 HABITAT PRESERVATION AND MANAGEMENT REQUIREMENTS
Chapter 21.210 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code requires development to comply with the Carlsbad HMP
as well as the implementing agreement, permit conditions, MHCP, Natural Community Conservation
Planning (NCCP) program and 10(a)(1)(B) permit conditions, and the requirements contained in the
Habitat Preservation and Management Requirements Ordinance. No grading is allowed to occur for
projects in Carlsbad until the processing and permitting requirements of this chapter are fulfilled. The
purpose and intent of the Habitat Preservation and Management Requirements Ordinance are to:
• Implement the goals and objectives of the land use and the open space/conservation elements
of the Carlsbad General Plan;
• Implement the Carlsbad HMP, the implementing agreement and conditions, the North County
MHCP, and the California NCCP and 10(a)(1)(B) permit conditions;
• Preserve the diversity of natural habitats in Carlsbad and protect the rare and unique biological
resources located within those habitats;
• Assure that development projects comply with the habitat preservation and conservation
standards contained in the Carlsbad HMP;
• Provide a process for permitting limited, incidental impacts to occur to natural habitat areas and
the species located therein; and
• Provide a process for allowing a minor amendment from the habitat preservation and
conservation standards under limited, specified circumstances.
An HMP Permit is required to be obtained from the City for any development project that directly or
indirectly impacts natural habitat within the Carlsbad HMP boundaries. Further, developments proposed
within a Standards Area of the HMP require a Minor Amendment to the HMP. Habitat conservation
planning is processed as a Consistency Finding and requires concurrence from the USFWS and CDFW
(wildlife agencies).
Although the proposed project is within the boundaries of the City-wide HMP, proposed improvements
are entirely within the City’s existing road right-of-way (ROW) or property owned by the City. Existing
City road ROWs were not incorporated as native habitats in the City’s habitat conservation estimates for
the HMP and are intended to allow for planned roadway/mobility/infrastructure improvements on
existing public roads. These areas were not intended to be included in the HMP requirements for the
development of a “Property.” Thus, Property development requirements imposed by the HMP are
generally considered not applicable to City public road/infrastructure improvements within existing
ROWs where no such deed/title that would legally identify a “Property” has been recorded by the
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County Assessor. Regardless of applicability, the project considered the HMP and has attempted to
adhere to the requirements to the maximum extent possible.
3.3 ZONE LEVEL RECOMMENDATIONS
The project site is situated within LFMZ 3 (Zone 3) and LFMZ 22 (Zone 22). There are no zone-specific
preserve management guidelines for Zone 3. HMP Conservation Goals and Planning Standards for Zone
22 include the following:
• Manage vernal pool habitat to minimize adverse edge effects and maintain/enhance the water
quality of the pools.
• Stabilize sensitive species populations by removing impacts or potential impacts, including
trampling, vehicular traffic, illegal dumping, collecting, and invasion of non-native plants.
• Use fencing and signs to restrict human intrusion and educate the public about vernal pool
resources.
• Implement runoff or erosion control measures on adjacent properties, as necessary, to maintain
appropriate amounts of water runoff into pool watersheds while protecting water quality
against potential pollutants.
• Monitor the status of preserved populations to ensure they remain viable.
As described earlier, HMP development requirements (including Zone Level recommendations) apply to
properties and are considered not applicable to existing City ROWs, which are specifically in-place for
allowing roadway, mobility, and other planned infrastructure improvements to occur. Regardless of
applicability, the project considered the HMP Zone Level recommendations and has attempted to
adhere to the maximum extent possible (see Section 10.3.2 below).
3.4 COASTAL RESOURCE PROTECTION OVERLAY ZONE
ORDINANCE
The project site is located within the coastal zone, and the project must demonstrate consistency with
the approved Carlsbad Local Coastal Program (LCP) and obtain a Coastal Development Permit (CDP). The
Carlsbad LCP includes two main components: a land use plan and related implementing measures,
including a zoning map and zoning ordinance. In particular, the local coastal land use plans include
measures specifically intended to protect natural open space resources, scenic resources, agricultural
lands, and public access rights.
The project site is subject to the Mello II Segment of the LCP. Portions of the proposed project are
located within the California Coastal Commission’s (CCC’s) Appeal Jurisdiction, which means the project
can be appealed to the CCC.
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3.5 COASTAL ZONE STANDARDS
As prescribed in Section D.7 of the HMP, additional conservation standards are to be applied to
properties in the coastal zone (City 2004). These include:
• Environmentally sensitive areas, as defined in Section 30107.5 of the Coastal Act, shall be
protected against any significant disruption of habitat values, and only uses dependent on those
resources shall be allowed in those areas. “Environmentally sensitive habitat areas” (ESHA) are
any areas in which plant or animal life or their habitats are either rare or especially valuable
because of their special nature or role in an ecosystem and that could be easily disturbed or
degraded by human activities and developments.
• There shall be the conservation of 67 percent of the Diegan coastal sage scrub on-site.
• There shall be no net loss of upland habitat, such as Diegan coastal sage scrub.
• Development buffers are required as follows: 100 feet for wetlands, 50 feet for riparian, and
20 feet for other native vegetation. Fuel modification zone 3 and public trails/pathways may be
allowed with approval.
• Grading is prohibited during the rainy season (October 1 to April 1, annually). Grading during the
rainy season may be allowed with approval.
• Mitigation for impacts to Diegan coastal sage scrub, when permitted, shall include a creation
component that achieves the no net loss standard. On-site preservation is not eligible for
mitigation credit in the coastal zone. Furthermore, impacts to coastal sage scrub shall be
mitigated at an overall 2:1 ratio, with a creation component satisfying half of the total mitigation
obligation.
• Mitigation areas, either on-site or off-site, shall be protected in perpetuity by a conservation
easement in favor of the wildlife agencies. A preservation management plan shall be prepared
for the mitigation areas to the satisfaction of the City, Wildlife Agencies, and CCC.
4.0 RESULTS
4.1 SITE DESCRIPTION AND GENERAL LAND USES
The project site is primarily developed City roadways, adjacent to commercial, residential, and industrial
development, and confined by the existing road ROW. Land uses located within and/or adjacent to the
project to the east include a variety of commercial and industrial buildings, the Carlsbad Water Recycling
Facility, and the Encina Wastewater Authority. Land uses along the western side include residential
homes, hotels, the Carlsbad Poinsettia Coaster Station, and the North County Transit District railroad
right-of-way. A narrow, linear area of natural open space associated with the HMP hardline preserve
and USFWS critical habitat for San Diego fairy shrimp (Branchinecta sandiegonensis) and spreading
navarretia (Navarretia fossalis) occurs off-site near the southern portion of the project site outside the
project limits (Figure 5, Critical Habitat).
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4.2 TOPOGRAPHY AND SOILS
Elevations in the project site are relatively flat and range from approximately 35 feet above mean sea
level (AMSL) to 80 feet AMSL. Elevation is lowest near the center of the project site and starts to
gradually increase along Avenida Encinas, with the highest elevation occurring at the intersection of
Avenida Encinas and Palomar Airport Road.
Five soil types are shown in the soil survey for the project site, with Huerhuero loam, 2 to 9 percent
slopes, mapped across most of the project site, followed by Marina loamy coarse sand, 2 to 9 percent
slopes (USDA 2023). Other soil types shown in the soil survey include Salinas clay loam, 0 to 2 percent
slopes, Chesterton fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes, and tidal flats. However, the soils shown in
the soil survey are not representative of the current conditions across most of the site, which consists
primarily of developed land and areas of previous land disturbance associated with the roadway, rail
line, and commercial development.
4.3 VEGETATION COMMUNITIES/HABITAT TYPES
Vegetation communities or habitat types are classified in this report according to the Carlsbad HMP
(City 2004), with further guidance from Oberbauer et al. (2008). The Carlsbad HMP divides vegetation
communities into six Habitat Groups (A through F), as shown in Table 2, Carlsbad Habitat Management
Plan (HMP) Habitat Groups.
Table 2
CARLSBAD HABITAT MANAGEMENT PLAN (HMP) HABITAT GROUPS
Habitat Group Habitat Type and Description
A Coastal salt marsh, alkali marsh, freshwater marsh, estuarine, salt pan/mudflats,
riparian forest, riparian woodland, riparian scrub, vernal pools, disturbed
wetlands, flood channel, freshwater Engelmann oak woodland, coast live oak
woodland
B Beach, southern coastal bluff scrub, maritime succulent scrub, southern
maritime chaparral, native grassland
C Gnatcatcher-occupied coastal sage scrub
D Unoccupied coastal sage scrub, coastal sage/chaparral mix, chaparral (excluding
southern maritime chaparral)
E Annual (non-native) grassland
F Disturbed land, eucalyptus, agricultural lands
A total of five vegetation communities and land cover types were mapped within the project site during
the general biological survey: southern willow scrub, Diegan coastal sage scrub (including disturbed),
non-native grassland (disturbed), disturbed habitat, and developed land, and a sixth community,
disturbed wetland, was identified in the study area outside of the project site (Table 3, Vegetation
Communities and Land Cover Types). A brief description of the vegetation communities in the study area
is provided below, and their distribution within the study area and project site is presented on
Figures 6a through 6b, Vegetation and Sensitive Biological Resources.
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Table 3
VEGETATION COMMUNITIES AND LAND COVER TYPES
HMP Habitat Group Vegetation/Land Cover Type Acreage in
Study Area1
Acreage in
Project Limits1
A Southern willow scrub 0.05 0.03
A Disturbed wetland 0.01 --
C Diegan coastal sage scrub, gnatcatcher
occupied2 1.25 0.33
E Non-native grassland, disturbed 0.24 0.11
F Disturbed habitat 6.96 1.83
N/A Developed land 15.36 7.54
TOTAL 23.87 9.85
1 Acreage rounded to the nearest hundredth acre; total reflects rounding.
2 Protocol surveys not conducted; gnatcatcher presumed present.
4.3.1 Southern Willow Scrub
Southern willow scrub is defined as dense, broad-leafed, winter-deciduous riparian thickets dominated
by several willow species, with scattered emergent western cottonwood California sycamore (Populus
fremontii) and (Platanus racemosa). Most stands are too dense to allow much understory development
(Oberbauer 2008).
Southern willow scrub within the project site consists of a small, isolated stand of arroyo willow (Salix
lasiolepis) immediately adjacent to Avenida Encinas that established due to a culvert outlet along
Avenida Encinas that directs stormwater runoff to this location (Figure 6a). Mule fat (Baccharis
salicifolia), castor-bean (Ricinus communis), Brazilian peppertree (Schinus terebinthifolius), and African
coral tree (Erythrina caffra) are also present in this community.
4.3.2 Disturbed Wetland
Disturbed wetland is a community dominated by non-native wetland plant species. The plant
composition of this community is highly variable based on the hydrology, soils, and type and frequency
of disturbance.
Disturbed wetland occurs within the study area as a single, small area dominated by grass poly (Lythrum
hyssopifolia) and curly dock (Rumex crispus). This habitat occurs outside of the project site in the
southern portion of the study area (Figure 6b).
4.3.3 Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub (including Disturbed)
Diegan coastal sage scrub consists of low, soft-woody subshrubs that are most active in winter and early
spring. Many taxa are facultatively drought-deciduous. This plant community typically occurs on low
moisture-availability sites: steep, xeric slopes or clay-rich soils that are slow to release stored water.
Diegan coastal sage scrub (including disturbed) is considered a sensitive natural community due to its
relative scarcity and high number of sensitive species associated with the habitat (Oberbauer 2008). In
Carlsbad, this habitat type is known to support a number of sensitive species, including the coastal
California gnatcatcher. Disturbed phases of this habitat are characterized by sparser shrub cover and a
preponderance of non-native forbs or unvegetated habitat in the areas between shrubs.
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Diegan coastal sage scrub in and adjacent to the project site occurs as pockets of habitat west of
Avenida Encinas that are interspersed with disturbed lands (Figures 6a-6b). This habitat is dominated by
California buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum), California sagebrush (Artemisia californica), and
California encelia (Encelia californica). Other species observed include, but are not limited to, San Diego
goldenbush (Isocoma menziesii), lemonadeberry (Rhus integrifolia), California adolphia (Adolphia
californica), bladderpod (Peritoma arborea), big saltbush (Atriplex lentiformis), coast prickly pear
(Opuntia littoralis), coyote brush (Baccharis pilularis), western ragweed (Ambrosia psilostachya), and
tarweed (Deinandra fasciculata).
4.3.4 Non-native Grassland (Disturbed)
Non-native grassland is a dense to sparse cover of annual grasses, often associated with numerous
species of showy-flowered native annual forbs, especially in years of favorable rainfall. This association
occurs on gradual slopes with deep, fine-textured, usually clay soils. Characteristic species include oats
(Avena sp.), red brome (Bromus rubens), ripgut (Bromus diandrus), ryegrass (Lolium sp.), and mustard
(Brassica sp.).
Non-native grassland within the project site is limited to an area along the eastern side of Avenida
Encinas across from the Poinsettia Coaster Station (Figure 6b). This habitat is dominated by brome
grasses (Bromus sp.), with lesser coverage by wild radish (Raphanus sativus), bristly ox-tongue
(Helminthotheca echioides), shortpod mustard (Hirschfeldia incana), western ragweed, and Russian
thistle (Salsola tragus). This habitat was identified as a disturbed phase as it is regularly mowed and
maintained.
4.3.5 Disturbed Habitat
Disturbed habitat is characterized by areas that have been physically disturbed (by previous legal human
activity) and are no longer recognizable as a native or naturalized vegetation association but continue to
retain a soil substrate. Typically, vegetation, if present, is nearly exclusively composed of non-native
plant species, such as ornamentals or ruderal exotic species that take advantage of disturbance or show
signs of past or present animal uses that remove any capability of providing viable natural habitat for
uses other than dispersal (Oberbauer 2008).
Disturbed habitat is widespread within the project site and adjacent study area and consists of weedy
areas dominated by ruderal non-native vegetation such as Russian thistle, sea-fig (Carpobrotus sp.), and
crown daisy (Glebionis coronaria), as well as non-vegetated areas of bare ground (Figures 6a-b).
4.3.6 Developed
Developed land applies to areas that have been constructed upon or otherwise physically altered to an
extent that native vegetation is no longer supported. Developed land is characterized by permanent or
semi-permanent structures, pavement or hardscape, and landscaped areas that often require irrigation.
Areas where no natural land is evident due to a large amount of debris or other materials being placed
upon it may also be considered developed (Oberbauer 2008).
Developed land dominates the project site and consists of the existing paved road limits and other
paved surfaces, as well as portions of surrounding commercial development and private residences
(Figures 6a-b).
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4.4 FLORA
A total of 46 plant species were identified in the project study area during the general biological survey,
including 17 native species (37 percent) and 29 non-native species (63 percent). The diversity of flora on
site is moderate and consists of a mixture of native and non-native trees, shrubs, and perennial and
annual herbaceous species. A list of plant species identified within the study area during the surveys is
provided in Appendix A, Plant Species Observed.
4.5 FAUNA
A total of 20 animal species were observed or detected in the study area during the general biological
survey, including one reptile, 17 bird, and two mammal species. The majority of animal species observed
are species commonly found in urban and suburban settings, such as California towhee (Melozone
crissalis), house finch (Carpodacus mexicanus), lesser goldfinch (Spinus psaltria), and mourning dove
(Zenaida macroura). A cumulative list of animal species observed or detected within the study area
during the surveys is presented in Appendix B, Animal Species Observed or Detected.
4.6 JURISDICTIONAL WETLANDS AND WATERS
Results of the aquatic resources mapping and subsequent delineation concluded there is a single
potential jurisdictional feature on the project site, consisting of 0.03 acre of southern willow scrub
habitat (Figures 7a-7b, Potentially Jurisdictional Resources). This habitat would be considered coastal
wetland to the CCC but based on the results of the jurisdictional delineation, was not considered to
meet the criteria for USACE, RWQCB, and/or CDFW jurisdiction (Table 4, Aquatic Resources in the Project
Limits), as further discussed below. A small area of disturbed wetland shown in the overall study area on
Figure 7b is outside of the project site and was not formally delineated as no potential impacts would
occur to this area.
Table 4
AQUATIC RESOURCES IN THE PROJECT LIMITS (acre[s])1
Habitat Coastal Wetland
Wetlands/Riparian
Southern willow scrub 0.03
TOTAL 0.03
1 Areas are presented in acre(s) rounded to the nearest 0.01.
As described in Section 4.3.1, southern willow scrub within the project site consists of a small, isolated
stand of arroyo willow immediately adjacent to Avenida Encinas that was established due to a culvert
outlet that directs stormwater runoff to this location. The willows are rooted at the base of the roadway
slope west of Avenida Encinas, co-occurring with Brazilian peppertree and other non-native species. The
willow canopy extends eastward over the roadway slope and overhangs a portion of the paved roadway
edge.
A total of three wetland determination sampling points were taken during the delineation: one at the
base of the roadway slope where the willows are rooted, one along the roadway slope beneath the
willow canopy, and one in sea-fig-dominated disturbed habitat adjacent to the willow habitat. The two
points taken within southern willow scrub came back positive for hydrophytic vegetation; however,
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neither of these points had indicators of hydric soils or wetland hydrology. The point taken in disturbed
habitat did not have hydrophytic vegetation, hydric soils, or wetland hydrology and was taken as a
representative upland point adjacent to the southern willow scrub.
This small stand of willow was created by urban runoff from a culvert outlet. It is an isolated feature that
does not meet the three-parameter USACE or RWQCB wetland criteria, it is not a stream, nor does it
exhibit an ordinary high water mark. For these reasons, it was not considered a USACE-jurisdictional or
RWQCB-jurisdictional aquatic resource. Further, this small, isolated stand of southern willow scrub is not
located along a stream or lake and, therefore, is not a streambed or riparian resource under CDFW
jurisdiction as CDFW does not regulate isolated riparian or wetland habitats under Sections 1600-1603
of the CFG Code. Although not considered to fall under USACE-, RWQCB-, or CDFW-jurisdiction, the
southern willow scrub would still meet the one-parameter definition for CCC coastal wetland.
The results included herein represent the results of HELIX’s jurisdictional recommendations based on
the field evidence, regulations, and environmental information available. Only the regulatory agencies
can make a final determination on whether the aquatic resources present are subject to USACE,
RWQCB, and/or CDFW regulation.
5.0 SENSITIVE BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES
5.1 SENSITIVE NATURAL COMMUNITIES
Sensitive habitats are those that are considered sensitive by CDFW, are targeted for conservation under
the state’s NCCP, are designated sensitive habitat group types under the Carlsbad HMP, are considered
rare within the region, or support special-status plants or animals. Furthermore, the CCC, when issuing a
CDP, may designate certain areas as environmentally sensitive habitat area (ESHA) or SRA.
The project site supports three sensitive natural communities: southern willow scrub (HMP Habitat
Group A), Diegan coastal sage scrub (HMP Habitat Group C), and non-native grassland (HMP Habitat
Group E). Disturbed habitat and developed lands are not sensitive natural communities. See Figures 5a-b
and Table 3.
5.2 SPECIAL-STATUS PLANT SPECIES
Special-status plant species are those with recognition by the USFWS, CDFW, CNPS Inventory of Rare
and Endangered Plants, or the local Carlsbad HMP. Their status is often based on one or more of three
distributional attributes: geographic range, habitat specificity, and/or population size. A species that
exhibits a small or restricted geographic range (such as those that are endemic to the region) is
geographically rare. A species may also be more or less abundant but occur only in very specific habitats.
Lastly, a species may be widespread but exists naturally in small populations.
5.2.1 Special-status Plant Species Observed
Two special-status plant species were observed on the project site during biological surveys, as
discussed below.
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California adolphia (Adolphia californica)
Status: CRPR 2.1
Distribution: San Diego County
Habitat: Clay soils in chaparral, coastal scrub, and valley and foothill grassland
Presence in the Project Site: Approximately 70 individuals were observed within Diegan coastal sage
scrub in the northern portion of the study area west of Avenida Encinas. Most of these occur outside of
the project limits within a dense cluster at the top of a berm between Avenida Encinas and the railroad
(Figure 6a).
California box-thorn (Lycium californicum)
Status: CRPR 4.2
Distribution: Los Angeles, Orange, Ventura, Santa Barbara, and San Diego counties within California
Habitat: Coastal scrub and bluff scrub
Presence in the Project Site: Approximately 75 individuals were observed in the northern portion of the
study area west of Avenida Encinas, including 70 individuals within Diegan coastal sage scrub and five
individuals within disturbed habitat (Figure 6a-b). Most of the individuals occur outside of the project
limits.
5.2.2 Special-status Plant Species with Potential to Occur
In addition to the two sensitive plant species recorded within the site, a search of CNPS (nine-quad) and
CNDDB records (one-mile radius from the project site) and a review of the City’s Narrow Endemic and
HMP Covered Species was used to develop a matrix of sensitive plant species that may have potential to
occur on-site due to the presence of suitable habitat (e.g., vegetation communities, soils, elevation, and
geographic range, life form/blooming period, etc.). The matrix is presented in Appendix C, Sensitive
Plant Species Potential to Occur, and includes 45 additional special-status plant species, their favorable
habitat conditions, and their potential to occur on-site.
No additional special-status plant species were determined to have a moderate or higher potential to
occur within the project site due to the previous and ongoing disturbances and lack of suitable habitat.
The project site does not support the vegetation associations, soils, or hydrology required by many of
the special-status plants known to the region. No plant species that are Covered or considered Narrow
Endemic under the HMP are expected to occur on-site.
Lands located outside of the project site to the south within the City’s Hardline Preserve have the
potential to support several special-status plant species associated with vernal pools; however, the
project site lacks suitable habitat for these species.
5.3 SPECIAL-STATUS ANIMAL SPECIES
Special-status animal species are those with recognition by the USFWS, CDFW, or the local Carlsbad
HMP. In general, the principal reason an individual taxon (species or subspecies) is given such
recognition is the documented or perceived decline or limitations of its population size or geographical
extent and/or distribution, resulting in most cases from habitat loss. Additionally, avian nesting is
protected by the federal Migratory Bird Treaty Act (MBTA) and the California Fish and Game Code (CFG
Code).
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5.3.1 Special-status Animal Species Observed or Otherwise Detected
No special-status animal species were detected within the project site or study area during the biological
surveys.
5.3.2 Special-status Animal Species with Potential to Occur
A search of USFWS and CNDDB records (one-mile radius from the project site) and a review of the City’s
Narrow Endemic and HMP Covered Species was used to develop a matrix of sensitive animal species
that may have the potential to occur on-site due to the presence of suitable habitat (e.g., vegetation
communities, soils, elevation, geographic range, etc.). The matrix is presented in Appendix D, Sensitive
Animal Species Potential to Occur, and includes 13 special-status animal species, their favorable habitat
conditions, and their potential to occur on-site.
Results of the species evaluations concluded that one special-status animal species, coastal California
gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica californica), not observed on-site may have a moderate potential to
occur on or adjacent to the project site. This species is further discussed below.
Coastal California gnatcatcher is a federally threatened species, California species of special concern,
and an HMP covered species that is a year-round resident in San Diego County. Coastal California
gnatcatcher has the potential to use Diegan coastal sage scrub within and adjacent to the project
alignment for breeding, foraging, and dispersal. CNDDB shows a 2013 record for this species along the
northern portion of the alignment in the project vicinity, and records from 2015 and 2018 indicate that
habitat occupied by this species occurs approximately 1.1 miles south of the project alignment in habitat
adjacent to the railroad and Carlsbad Boulevard.
No additional special-status animal species were determined to have a moderate or higher potential to
occur due to the lack of suitable habitat. No vernal pools or vernal pool features (e.g., ephemeral basins,
road-ruts, mima mound depressions) were detected in the project site during the field surveys and no
vernal pools have been recorded on-site. Lands located outside of the project site to the south within
the City’s Hardline Preserve have the potential to support San Diego fairy shrimp, a federal listed
endangered species, but this species is not expected within the project limits due to a lack of suitable
habitat. No animal species that are considered Narrow Endemic under the HMP are expected to occur
on-site.
5.4 U.S. FISH AND WILDLIFE SERVICE CRITICAL HABITATS
No USFWS-designated critical habitat occurs within the project limits. USFWS-designated final critical
habitat for San Diego fairy shrimp and spreading navarretia occurs south of the project limits within the
City’s Hardline Preserve.
5.5 JURISDICTIONAL WETLANDS AND WATERS
The project site supports one potentially jurisdictional feature, consisting of a small stand of southern
willow scrub immediately adjacent to the existing roadway (Figure 7a). This feature was delineated as
CCC coastal wetland but was not considered to meet the criteria for USACE, RWQCB, or CDFW
jurisdiction based on the results of the delineation.
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5.6 WILDLIFE CORRIDORS AND LINKAGES
Wildlife corridors are linear spaces of undeveloped native habitats that connect large natural open
space and provide opportunities for wildlife movement in the region. Wildlife corridors contribute to
species’ sustainability by providing access to adjacent habitat areas for dispersal, foraging, and mating.
Linkages between wildlife corridors connect isolated blocks of habitat and allow the movement or
dispersal of species over a large scale and the consequent mixing of genes between populations (i.e.,
gene pool diversity). Wildlife movement corridors and linkages are considered sensitive by the City,
resource agencies, and conservation groups.
Important corridors and linkages have been identified on a local and regional scale throughout the
MHCP and City HMP. The planning objectives of most corridors and linkages in coastal areas include
establishing and preserving connections between the northern and southern regional populations of the
coastal California gnatcatcher, in addition to facilitating movement and connectivity of habitat for large
mammals and riparian bird species. As discussed in Section 3, the City’s HMP includes an assemblage of
LFMZs, HMP Cores and Linkages, SRAs, and hardline conservation areas, with objectives to establish a
network of habitat for the sustainability of wildlife (mostly for birds and mammals) movement functions
in the City.
Lands surrounding the project site to the north, east, and south are developed and constrained by
existing transportation corridors and commercial and residential development. Lands located west of
the project site are partially developed and constrained by existing private residences, hotel buildings,
and the LOSSAN rail line.
The project site occurs within the existing City road ROW or adjacent property owned by the City and
consists primarily of disturbed and developed lands. Although small areas of native and naturalized
habitat are within and adjacent to the project, these areas are small, highly constrained, and fragmented
by surrounding development. Although these habitats may provide marginal-quality foraging and
breeding habitat for reptiles, birds, small mammals, and possibly larger urban-adapted mammals like
coyote (Canis latrans), these lands do not function as a wildlife corridor or a linkage connecting isolated
blocks of habitat.
The project site is not within or adjacent to a biological core area or linkage identified in the City’s HMP.
The southern end of the alignment is located immediately north of a narrow, linear ribbon of hardline
preserve west of the Poinsettia Coaster Station, which is identified on Figure 4 of the HMP as SRA 2. This
area, which overlaps with USFWS Critical Habitat for San Diego fairy shrimp and spreading navarretia,
protects the Poinsettia Lane vernal pools and their watershed, and, although isolated from biological
core and linkage areas by urban development, this location is critical to the conservation of several
narrow endemic plant and fairy shrimp species (City 2004).
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6.0 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
6.1 FEDERAL
6.1.1 Federal Endangered Species Act
Administered by the USFWS, the federal Endangered Species Act (FESA) provides the legal framework
for the listing and protection of species that are identified as being endangered or threatened with
extinction. Actions that jeopardize such species and their habitats are considered a “take” under the
federal ESA.
The USFWS designates critical habitat for endangered and threatened species. Critical habitat is a term
defined and used in the FESA and refers to specific geographic areas that contain features considered
necessary for endangered or threatened species to recover. Critical habitat designations can include
areas that are not currently occupied by the species, as the ultimate goal is to restore healthy
populations of listed species within their native habitats so they can be removed from the list of
threatened or endangered species. Once an area is designated as critical habitat pursuant to the FESA,
all federal agencies must consult with the USFWS to ensure that any action they authorize, fund, or carry
out is not likely to result in the destruction or adverse modification of the critical habitat. Only activities
that involve a federal permit, license, or funding require consultation with the USFWS.
Sections 7 and 10(a) of the FESA regulate actions that could jeopardize endangered or threatened
species. Section 7 describes a process of federal interagency consultation for use when federal actions
may adversely affect listed species. In this case, take can be authorized via a letter of biological opinion
issued by the USFWS for non-marine related listed species issues. A Section 7 consultation (formal or
informal) is required when there is a nexus between endangered species’ use of a site and there is an
associated federal action for a proposed impact (e.g., the USACE would initiate a Section 7 consultation
with the USFWS for impacts proposed to USACE jurisdictional areas that may also affect listed species or
their critical habitat). Section 10(a) allows the issuance of permits for incidental take of endangered or
threatened species with the preparation of a Habitat Conservation Plan (HCP) when there is no federal
nexus. The term “incidental” applies if the taking of a listed species is incidental to, and not the purpose
of, an otherwise lawful activity. An HCP demonstrating how the taking would be minimized and how
steps taken would ensure the species’ survival must be submitted for issuance of Section 10(a) permits.
The City’s HMP was developed pursuant to Section 10(a) of the ESA.
6.1.2 Migratory Bird Treaty Act
All migratory bird species that are native to the United States or its territories are protected under the
federal MBTA, as amended under the Migratory Bird Treaty Reform Act of 2004 (FR Doc. 05-5127). The
MBTA is generally protective of migratory birds but does not actually stipulate the type of protection
required. In common practice, the MBTA is used to place restrictions on the disturbance of active bird
nests during the nesting season (generally February 15 to August 31). In addition, the USFWS commonly
places restrictions on the disturbances allowed near active raptor nests.
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6.1.3 Coastal Zone Management Act of 1972
The Coastal Zone Management Act (CZMA) creates a broad program for the management of coastal
lands based on land development control. It was enacted to encourage the participation and
cooperation of state, local, regional, and federal agencies and governments having programs affecting
the coastal zone. The CZMA allows state involvement through the development of Coastal Zone
Management Plans (CZMP) for comprehensive management at the state level. The CZMPs define
permissible land and water use within the state coastal zone. This coastal zone extends three miles
seaward and inland as far as necessary to protect the coast. The CZMA also requires federal agencies or
licensees to carry out their activities in such a way that they conform to the maximum extent practicable
with a state's coastal zone management program. The California Coastal Act is California's coastal zone
management program under the CZMA. This program is discussed below.
6.1.4 Clean Water Act and Rivers and Harbors Act
Federal wetland regulation (non-marine issues) is guided by the Rivers and Harbors Act of 1899 and the
Clean Water Act (CWA). The Rivers and Harbors Act deals primarily with discharges into navigable
waters, while the purpose of the CWA is to restore and maintain the chemical, physical, and biological
integrity of all waters of the U.S. Permitting for projects filling waters of the U.S. (including wetlands) is
overseen by the USACE under Section 404 of the CWA. Projects could be permitted on an individual
basis or be covered under one of several approved Nationwide Permits.
6.2 STATE
6.2.1 California Environmental Quality Act
Primary environmental legislation in California is found in CEQA and its implementing guidelines (State
CEQA Guidelines), which require that projects with potential adverse effects (or impacts) on the
environment undergo environmental review. Adverse environmental impacts are typically mitigated as a
result of the environmental review process in accordance with existing laws and regulations.
6.2.2 California Endangered Species Act
The California Endangered Species Act (CESA) declares that deserving plant or animal species will be
given protection by the state because they are of ecological, educational, historical, recreational,
aesthetic, economic, and scientific value to the people of the state. The CESA establishes that it is state
policy to conserve, protect, restore, and enhance endangered species and their habitats. Under state
law, plant and animal species may be formally designated as rare, threatened, or endangered through
official listing by the California Fish and Game Commission.
The CESA authorizes that private entities may “take” plant or wildlife species listed as endangered or
threatened under the FESA and CESA, pursuant to a federal Incidental Take Permit (ITP) if the CDFW
certifies that the incidental take is consistent with CESA (CFG Code Section 2080.1[a]). For state-only
listed species, Section 2081 of the CFG Code authorizes the CDFW to issue an ITP for state listed
threatened and endangered species if specific criteria are met. ITPs are required from the CDFW for
projects that may result in the incidental take of species listed by the state as endangered, threatened,
or candidate species.
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No Section 2081(b) permit may authorize the take of “fully protected” species and “specified birds.” If a
project is planned in an area where a fully protected species or specified bird occurs, an applicant must
design the project to avoid take; the CDFW cannot provide take authorization under CESA. On private
property, endangered plants may also be protected by the Native Plant Protection Act (NPPA) of 1977.
Threatened plants are protected by CESA, and rare plants are protected by the NPPA; however, CESA
authorizes that "Private entities may take plant species listed as endangered or threatened under the
FESA and CESA through a federal ITP issued pursuant to Section 10 of the FESA, if the CDFW certifies
that the ITS or ITP is consistent with CESA.” In addition, CEQA requires disclosure of any potential
impacts on listed species and alternatives or mitigation that would reduce those impacts. The Carlsbad
HMP was prepared pursuant to Section 2081 of the CESA, and the City was issued an umbrella Section
2081 ITP from the CDFW authorizing take of multiple state listed species.
6.2.3 California Coastal Act of 1976
The California Coastal Act (CCA) provides for the protection of environmentally sensitive habitat
identified by the CDFW from adjacent developments in the coastal zone. The CCA is California's coastal
zone management program under the CZMA, as discussed above. The CCA establishes the CCC as having
jurisdiction over California's coastal zone. The CCA identifies environmentally sensitive habitat areas as
any area in which plant or animal life or their habitats are either rare or especially valuable because of
their special nature or role in an ecosystem and which could be easily disturbed or degraded by human
activities and developments. Compliance with requirements in the CCA is ensured for specific
development projects in the coastal zone through the issuance of a CDP. In most incorporated areas
within the coastal zone, compliance with the CCA is regulated by the local government through the
implementation of a certified LCP. The local government typically issues CDPs, unless a project is located
within a deferred certification area. CDPs are issued by the CCC in deferred certification areas of the
certified LCP.
The City implements its approved Carlsbad LCP in regulating developments within the coastal zone
according to the CRPOZ Ordinance, as discussed below. CDPs issued by the City are appealable to the
CCC only if they are located within an appeals area. Portions of the proposed project are located within
the California Coastal Commission’s (CCC’s) Appeal Jurisdiction, which means the project can be
appealed to the CCC.
6.2.4 California Fish and Game Code
Pursuant to CFG Code Section 3503, it is unlawful to take, possess, or needlessly destroy the nest or eggs
of any bird, except as otherwise provided by this code or any regulation made pursuant thereto. Raptors
and owls and their active nests are protected by CFG Code Section 3503.5, which states that it is
unlawful to take, possess, or destroy any birds of prey or to take, possess, or destroy the nest or eggs of
any such bird unless authorized by the CDFW. Section 3513 states that it is unlawful to take or possess
any migratory non-game bird as designated in the MBTA. These regulations could require that
construction activities (particularly vegetation removal or construction near nests) be reduced or
eliminated during critical phases of the nesting cycle unless surveys by a qualified biologist demonstrate
that nests, eggs, or nesting birds will not be disturbed, subject to approval by CDFW and/or USFWS.
The CFG Code provides specific protection and listing for several types of biological resources. Section
1600 of the CFG Code requires a Streambed Alteration Agreement (SAA) for any activity that would alter
the flow, change, or use any material from the bed, channel, or bank of any perennial, intermittent, or
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ephemeral river, stream, and/or lake. Typical activities that require an SAA include excavation or fill
placed within a channel, vegetation clearing, structures for diversion of water, installation of culverts
and bridge supports, cofferdams for construction dewatering, and bank reinforcement. Notification is
required before any such activities.
6.2.5 California Natural Community Conservation Planning Act of 1991
The NCCP Act is designed to conserve habitat-based natural communities at the ecosystem scale while
accommodating compatible land uses in coordination with CESA. The CDFW is the principal state agency
implementing the NCCP Program. The NCCP Act established a process to allow for comprehensive, long-
term, regional, multi-species, and habitat-based planning in a manner that satisfies the requirements of
the state and FESAs (through a companion regional habitat conservation plan). The NCCP program has
provided the framework for innovative efforts by the state, local governments, and private interests to
plan for the protection of regional biodiversity and the ecosystems upon which they depend. NCCPs
seek to ensure the long-term conservation of multiple species while allowing for compatible and
appropriate economic activity to proceed. The Carlsbad HMP was prepared as part of the MHCP
subregional planning pursuant to the NCCP Act.
6.3 LOCAL
6.3.1 Multiple Habitat Conservation Program
The MHCP is a comprehensive, multiple jurisdictional planning program designed to develop an
ecosystem preserve in northwestern San Diego County. Implementation of the regional preserve system
is intended to protect viable populations of key sensitive plant and animal species and their habitats
while accommodating continued economic development and quality of life for residents of the North
County region. The MHCP is one of several large, multiple jurisdictional habitat planning efforts in San
Diego County, each of which constitutes a subregional plan under the NCCP Act of 1991. The MHCP
includes seven incorporated cities in northwestern San Diego County: Carlsbad, Encinitas, Escondido,
Oceanside, San Marcos, Solana Beach, and Vista. These jurisdictions will implement their respective
portions of the MHCP through citywide “subarea” plans, which describe the specific implementing
mechanisms each city will institute for the MHCP. The goal of the MHCP is to conserve approximately
19,000 acres of habitat, of which roughly 8,800 acres (46 percent) are already in public ownership and
contribute toward the habitat preserve system for the protection of more than 80 rare, threatened, or
endangered species. The Carlsbad HMP is the only approved and adopted Subarea Plan under the
MHCP.
6.3.2 Carlsbad Habitat Management Plan
The Carlsbad HMP establishes a regional conservation planning framework for biological resources and
development projects occurring in Carlsbad. As a participant in the NCCP and MHCP subregional
planning effort, the City prepared and adopted the Carlsbad HMP, which documents a citywide program
to identify how, in cooperation with the USFWS, CDFW, and CCC, the City will preserve a diversity of
habitats and implement policies for the protection of sensitive biological resources while allowing for
development consistent with the Carlsbad General Plan and Growth Management Plan.
The Carlsbad HMP is one of several MHCP Subarea Plans prepared in North San Diego County pursuant
to the NCCP Act; however, it is the only MHCP Subarea Plan that has been adopted to date. The City
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approved the Carlsbad HMP in 2004 and adopted ordinance regulations in Chapter 21.210 (Habitat
Preservation and Management Requirements) of Title 21 (Zoning) of the Carlsbad Municipal Code as a
condition of receiving approval from the CCC, an ITP from the USFWS pursuant to Section 10(a)(1)(B) of
the ESA, and incidental take authorization from the CDFW pursuant to the CESA and Section 2835 of the
CFG Code. Since its adoption, the Carlsbad HMP has allowed for citywide permits and authorization for
the incidental take of sensitive species in conjunction with private development projects, public
projects, and other activities consistent with the HMP conservation goals and objectives.
6.3.3 Zone Level Recommendations
As discussed previously in Section 3.2, the proposed project is situated within LFMZ 3 (Zone 3) and LFMZ
22 (Zone 22) of the Carlsbad HMP and is expected to adhere to Zone Level Recommendations for Zone
22. Zone 3 does not have zone-specific preserve management guidelines. See Section 3.3 above for the
specific recommendations prescribed in the HMP.
6.3.4 Coastal Resource Protection Overlay Zone Ordinance
The project site is located in the coastal zone and must demonstrate consistency with the approved
Carlsbad LCP and obtain a CDP due to the proposed work within sensitive natural communities.
6.3.5 Coastal Zone Standards
The following additional conservation standards typically apply to projects within the coastal zone:
• ESHA shall be protected.
• Coastal sage scrub conservation (minimum 67 percent).
• Incorporation of development buffers adjacent to native habitats (minimum 100 feet for
wetlands, 50 feet for riparian, and 20 feet for all other native habitats).
• Impacts to sensitive upland habitat, when permitted, shall include a creation component that
achieves the no net loss standard.
• If impacts to uplands are allowed, mitigation shall be provided at a ratio of 2:1 for Diegan
coastal sage scrub and 3:1 for native grassland impacts.
• If impacts to a wetland are allowed, mitigation shall be provided at a ratio of 3:1 for riparian
impacts and 4:1 for saltwater or freshwater wetland or marsh impacts.
• Grading operations implemented outside of the rainy season, unless authorized.
• Project mitigation areas will be protected in perpetuity by a conservation easement or other
mechanism to the satisfaction of the wildlife agencies, City, and CCC.
7.0 IMPACTS
This section presents an analysis of the impacts of the project as a result of implementation. The
following impact analysis addresses direct and indirect impacts to vegetation communities, sensitive
species, and potentially jurisdictional resources. The analysis also includes a determination of the
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significance of impacts in accordance with City criteria. Potential project impacts to biological resources
would occur within the existing City ROW or adjacent property owned by the City.
Direct impacts are immediate impacts resulting from permanent habitat removal, including impacts
from grading, grubbing, clearing, and fuel modification. Direct impacts were quantified by overlaying the
limits of project-related impacts on the biological resources map of the site. Indirect impacts are actions
that are not direct removal of habitat but affect the surrounding biological resources either as a
secondary effect of the direct impacts (e.g., construction noise, runoff, nighttime lighting, fugitive dust,
etc.) or as the cause of degradation of a biological resource over time (e.g., edge effects and adjacency
issues).
Indirect impacts can be short-term or long-term and incorporate areas adjacent to the project (i.e., edge
effects). Examples of short-term indirect impacts include construction-related noises, dust, increased
human presence, and hydrology modifications. Long-term indirect impacts primarily result from
anthropogenic disturbances by humans such as noise, lighting, domesticated animals, spread of
non-native ornamental and weedy plant species, and urban run-off (including potentially toxic or
hazardous contaminants).
7.1 DIRECT IMPACTS
7.1.1 Vegetation Communities and Land Cover Types
The proposed project would directly impact 9.85 acres, of which 7.54 acres (76 percent) would occur
within developed land. An additional 1.83 acres would occur within disturbed areas characterized by
bare earth and/or a dominance of non-native vegetation. The remaining impacts of 0.47 acre would
occur to the periphery of native and naturalized vegetation communities (southern willow scrub, Diegan
coastal sage scrub, and non-native grassland) that overlap the City ROW area and occur immediately
adjacent to the existing developments along Avenida Encinas. All project impacts are considered
permanent (Table 5, Impacts to Vegetation Communities and Mitigation Requirements; Figures 8a-b,
Vegetation and Sensitive Biological Resources/Impacts).
Table 5
PROJECT IMPACTS TO VEGETATION COMMUNITIES AND LAND COVER TYPES
HMP Habitat Group Vegetation/Land Cover Type Total Impacts1
A Southern willow scrub 0.03
C Diegan coastal sage scrub, gnatcatcher occupied2 0.33
E Non-native grassland, disturbed 0.11
F Disturbed habitat 1.83
N/A Developed land 7.54
TOTAL 9.85
1 Acreage rounded to the nearest hundredth acre; totals reflect rounding. All impacts are permanent.
2 Protocol surveys not conducted; gnatcatcher presumed present, thus habitat included as Group C.
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7.1.2 Special-status Species
The proposed project would result in direct impacts to two sensitive plant species, California adolphia
(CRPR 2.1) and California box-thorn (CRPR 4.2). A total of 18 individuals of California adolphia and 21
individuals of California box-thorn would be removed during project grading (Figures 8a-b).
The project would result in impacts to sage scrub habitat that has the potential to support coastal
California gnatcatcher (FT/SSC, Carlsbad HMP Covered Species). Potential direct impacts to nesting
coastal California gnatcatcher would not occur as the project would comply with the HMP Species
Requirements (i.e., no clearing of gnatcatcher habitat between March 1 and August 15), as further
discussed in Section 10.2.1 below.
7.1.3 Migratory Bird Treaty Act
Potential direct impacts to bird species protected under the MBTA and CFG Code could occur if
brushing, clearing, or grading occurs during the breeding season of most bird species (general breeding
season is February 15 to August 31). However, such impacts to nesting birds are not anticipated due to
the implementation of mitigation measures with restrictions on clearing of habitat during the nesting
season.
7.1.4 Jurisdictional Wetlands and Waters
The proposed project would result in 0.03 acre of impact to aquatic resources (Figures 9a-b, Potentially
Jurisdictional Resources/Impacts; Table 6, Project Impacts to Aquatic Resources). Based on the results of
the aquatic resources delineation, the affected area is not considered to fall under USACE, RWQCB, or
CDFW jurisdiction, and would be regulated only as a coastal wetland pursuant to the CCC wetland
definition.
Table 6
PROJECT IMPACTS TO AQUATIC RESOURCES (acre[s])1
Habitat Total
Impacts
Wetlands/Riparian
Southern willow scrub 0.03
TOTAL 0.03
1 Areas are presented in acre(s) rounded to the nearest 0.01. All impacts
are permanent.
7.1.5 Wildlife Corridors and Linkages
As discussed previously, there are no regionally identified wildlife movement corridors or habitat
linkages on the project site; however, there is an existing hardline preserve and USFWS Critical Habitat
area immediately south of the project site that extends further south along the east side of the LOSSAN
rail line to Poinsettia Lane. The project will completely avoid wildlife corridors and linkages as defined in
the Carlsbad HMP. Additionally, the project would not further fragment existing stands of native
vegetation, as project impacts would occur within the existing road ROW or adjacent property owned by
the City along a sliver of native/naturalized habitats located adjacent/parallel to developed land.
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7.2 INDIRECT IMPACTS
7.2.1 Vegetation Communities
Indirect impacts to vegetation communities are generally short-term and associated with edge effects of
project construction. Common adverse edge effects during construction include fugitive dust, erosion,
and sedimentation. The proposed project will implement current construction best management
practices (BMPs) that address these common edge effects; therefore, indirect impacts to vegetation
communities are not expected. The project would also adhere to the City’s HMP Adjacency Standards,
further ensuring that indirect impacts (including long-term impacts) to vegetation within the Hardline
Preserve do not occur.
7.2.2 Special-status Species
Indirect impacts to special-status species in the short-term are as a result of construction edge effects or
in the long-term during project operation. The project site is already subject to the long-term effects of
being situated within and immediately adjacent to existing development, and project implementation
will not cause additional long-term effects. The project will implement construction BMPs that address
edge effects and would adhere to the City’s HMP species requirements and City HMP adjacency
standards. Because coastal California gnatcatcher has the potential to nest within habitat immediately
adjacent to the project site, potential indirect impacts (i.e., excessive noise) to nesting could occur if
project construction activities are conducted during the breeding season for this species.
Long-term indirect impacts to special-status species are not anticipated, as many of the effects are
already occurring under the current, baseline condition and would not be expected to worsen in the
post-construction condition. Examples include urban pollutant run-off (e.g., oils, pesticides, herbicides,
chemical fertilizers, etc.), presence of exotic plants and animals, and human encroachment into the
area, which could crush plants or deter nesting birds. Further, project compliance with the City HMP
adjacency standards would avoid potential long-term indirect impacts to special-status species;
therefore, no long-term indirect impacts are expected as a result of the project.
7.2.3 Jurisdictional Wetlands and Waters
Implementation of construction BMPs and compliance with the City’s HMP, including adjacency
standards, would avoid indirect impacts to off-site jurisdictional resources. Further, as discussed above,
features of the proposed project would reduce some of the currently ongoing adverse effects (urban
pollutant run-off) to jurisdictional wetlands at the site by adding bio-filtration swales. No indirect
impacts to jurisdictional wetlands or waters are expected as a result of the project.
7.2.4 Wildlife Corridors
No indirect impacts to wildlife corridors or habitat linkages are expected. The project site is not
identified or considered a regional wildlife corridor or habitat linkage and would adhere to the City’s
HMP adjacency standards to ensure that indirect impacts to the off-site Hardline Preserve west of the
Poinsettia Coaster Station do not occur.
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8.0 DETERMINATION OF SIGNIFICANCE
In accordance with the City’s HMP, the City LCP, and CEQA, a project would result in a significant or
potentially significant biological resource impact if it would result in:
1. A substantial adverse impact, either directly or through habitat modifications, on any species
identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special-status species in the Multiple Species
Conservation Program or other local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the CDFW
or USFWS.
2. A substantial adverse impact on any Habitat Groups A, B, C, D, E, or F as identified in the City’s
HMP or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies,
regulations, or considered sensitive by CDFW or USFWS.
3. A substantial adverse impact on wetlands (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool,
riparian, etc.) through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means.
4. Interfering substantially with the movement of any native resident or migratory fish or wildlife
species or with established native resident or migratory wildlife corridors, including linkages
identified in the City’s HMP Plan, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites.
5. A conflict with the provisions of the State NCCP, City LCP, City HMP, or other approved
conservation plans or ordinances protecting biological resources.
6. Introducing land use within an area adjacent to the Existing Hard Line Conservation Area would
result in adverse edge effects (including the introduction of non-native invasive species).
Impacts as a result of the proposed project implementation were evaluated in terms of significance, and
the corresponding determinations are provided below.
8.1 VEGETATION COMMUNITIES
Proposed project impacts to vegetation communities in Habitat Groups A, C, and E would be considered
significant and require mitigation. This includes permanent impacts to 0.03 acre of southern willow
scrub, 0.33 acre of Diegan coastal sage scrub, and 0.11 acre of disturbed non-native grassland (Table 5).
8.2 SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES
The project would not result in significant impacts to special-status plant species, and no mitigation is
required. The project’s impacts to 18 California adolphia (CRPR 2.1) would not be considered significant
due to the small numbers of individuals impacted, their location outside of an existing or proposed
hardline conservation area, and the adequate conservation of this species by the City’s HMP. Proposed
project impacts to 21 California boxthorn (CRPR 4.2) would not be considered significant. CRPR 4 species
are considered relatively widespread species that do not typically require species-specific mitigation.
The proposed impacts to California box-thorn would not substantially reduce their populations in the
region and would not be considered significant.
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Proposed project impacts to sage scrub habitat with the potential to support coastal California
gnatcatcher are considered significant. Potential displacement of gnatcatcher individuals outside the
HMP Hardline Preserve as a result of habitat removal would be considered less than significant due to
the low number of individuals potentially affected, the relatively small amount of habitat impacted, the
remaining suitable habitat available immediately adjacent to the south and west of the project, and
adequate species coverage under the HMP. Potential indirect impacts to nesting coastal California
gnatcatcher would be considered significant.
Additionally, direct impacts to nesting bird species protected under the MBTA and CFG Code would be
significant. Indirect impacts to non-listed species other than raptors, are not considered significant.
8.3 JURISDICTIONAL RESOURCES
The project’s proposed permanent impacts to 0.03 acre of coastal wetland would be considered
significant.
9.0 MITIGATION
The proposed project would result in potential significant impacts to sensitive natural communities,
jurisdictional resources, and special-status animal species, including nesting birds. The mitigation
measures proposed below shall be implemented to reduce these impacts to below a level of
significance.
9.1 VEGETATION COMMUNITIES
Mitigation for impacts to sensitive vegetation communities will be met as described below in mitigation
measures BIO-1 and BIO-2. A summary of compensatory mitigation acreages is provided in Table 7,
Mitigation for Impacts to Vegetation Communities.
Table 7 MITIGATION FOR IMPACTS TO VEGETATION COMMUNITIES
HMP Group Vegetation Community Impact Acreage1
Mitigation Ratio Mitigation Acreage1
A Southern willow scrub 0.03 1:12 0.032
C Diegan coastal sage scrub 0.33 2:13 0.66
E Non-native grassland – disturbed 0.11 0.5:1 0.06
1 Acreage rounded to the nearest hundredth acre. All impacts are permanent.
2 1:1 is anticipated if mitigation is met through use of the City’s unused credits purchased from the North County Habitat Bank, as the Bank has met success criteria and the project site is located within the same watershed as the Bank.
3 Impacts to coastal sage scrub in the coastal zone are mitigated at 2:1, irrespective of whether the
habitat is occupied by coastal California gnatcatcher.
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BIO-1 Compensatory Mitigation. Project mitigation for impacts to native habitat types shall be
provided to achieve no net loss. Impacts to Group A riparian habitats (i.e., southern
willow scrub) shall be mitigated at a minimum 1:1 ratio, Group C upland habitat (coastal
sage scrub) at a 2:1 ratio, and Group E upland habitat (non-native grassland [disturbed])
at a 0.5:1 ratio.
Mitigation for impacts to HMP Group A, C, and E habitat shall be provided at an off-site
location approved by the City. The project mitigation for Group A and C habitat shall
include a minimum 1:1 creation or substantial restoration to ensure no-net loss of
native habitat.
Southern Willow Scrub: Mitigation for impacts to 0.03 acre of Group A southern willow
scrub is proposed to occur at a 1:1 ratio through the use of 0.03 acre of the City’s
unused North County Habitat Bank mitigation credits.
Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub: Mitigation for impacts to 0.33 acre of Group C Diegan
coastal sage scrub is proposed to occur at a 2:1 ratio through one or a combination of
the following options:
a) Use of 0.66 acre of SANDAG Sage Hill Mitigation Parcel mitigation credits; or
b) Creation, restoration, an/or enhancement at The Crossings site identified as a
“Proposed Future Mitigation Area,” and/or another offsite location to be
determined by the City, totaling 0.66 acre, with at least 0.33 acre (1:1) composed of
creation or substantial restoration.
Non-native Grassland: Mitigation for impacts to 0.11 acre of Group D non-native
grassland is proposed to occur at a 0.5:1 ratio through the use of 0.06 credit at the City’s
Lake Calavera Mitigation Parcel.
If mitigation credits are not used to mitigate for project impacts to Diegan coastal sage
scrub, a Restoration Plan addressing compensatory mitigation for impacts to this habitat
shall be prepared for review and approval by the City’s Planning Department and HMP
Coordinator. The final restoration plan shall be submitted for review at least 30 days
before initiating project impacts. Where the off-site mitigation would occur within lands
that are not already preserved in perpetuity and subject to long-term management
within an existing biological conservation easement, the City shall record an Open Space
Easement and a Conservation Easement or Restrictive Covenant over the off-site
mitigation lands and provide long-term management. Before clearing or impacts to any
habitat, the following items shall be approved by the City’s Planning Department and
HMP Coordinator and considered final: Recordation of Conservation Easement,
Restoration Plan, Preserve Management Plan, long-term management funding, and
Management Agreement with qualified preserve manager, if not the City.
BIO-2 Construction Fencing and Equipment Staging and Maintenance. To help ensure errant
impacts to sensitive vegetation communities outside of the impact footprint are avoided
during construction, environmental fencing (including silt fencing where determined
necessary by the SWPPP) would be installed at the edges of the impact limits before the
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initiation of grading. All construction staging shall occur within the approved limits of
construction.
Throughout construction, employees shall strictly limit their activities, vehicles,
equipment, and construction materials to the fenced project footprint or within existing
developed areas. Equipment maintenance, staging, and dispensing of fuel, oil, coolant,
or any other such activities shall occur in designated areas within the fenced project
impact limits. These designated areas shall be located in previously developed and
disturbed areas to the maximum extent practicable in such a manner as to prevent any
runoff from entering adjacent off-site habitats and shall be shown on the construction
plans. Fueling of equipment shall take place within existing developed areas. Contractor
equipment shall be checked for leaks before operation and repair, as necessary. “No-
fueling zones” shall be designated on construction plans.
If work occurs beyond the fenced or demarcated limits of impact, work shall cease until
the problem has been remedied to the satisfaction of City Planning. Impacts to
jurisdictional areas or HMP Habitat Groups that occur beyond the approved work limits
fence shall be mitigated in accordance with ratios specified in the Carlsbad HMP or as
otherwise determined by City Planning and in coordination with the applicable resource
agencies, as appropriate. Temporary construction fencing shall be removed upon
project completion.
BIO-3 Biological Construction Monitoring. A qualified biologist will monitor the installation of
environmental fencing wherever it would abut sensitive vegetation communities,
jurisdictional waters or wetlands, or biological open space. The biologist also will
conduct a pre-construction environmental training session for construction personnel to
inform them of the sensitive biological resources on-site and avoidance measures to
remain in compliance with project approvals. The biologist also will monitor vegetation
clearing, grubbing, and grading activities on a regular basis to help ensure compliance
with project approvals.
9.2 SPECIAL-STATUS SPECIES
Consistent with the HMP, impacts to sensitive animal species and nesting birds shall be met through the
implementation of avoidance measures. Potential impacts to sensitive species determined to have the
potential to occur, including coastal California gnatcatcher, shall be mitigated by the implementation of
avoidance measures identified below, and a provision of habitat mitigation per measure BIO-1 above.
BIO-4 Gnatcatcher Nesting Season Avoidance. No clearing of occupied gnatcatcher habitat
may occur between March 1 and August 15 per the conditions of coverage for this
species.
BIO-5 Nesting Bird Avoidance. Potential direct impacts to nesting bird species protected
under the MBTA and CFG Code shall be mitigated by restricting brushing,
clearing/grubbing, and grading to outside of the breeding season of most bird species
(general breeding season, inclusive of raptors, is January 15 to September 15). Grubbing,
grading, or clearing during the breeding season could occur if it is determined, based on
the results of a pre-construction survey (see below), that no nesting birds (or birds
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displaying breeding or nesting behavior) are present immediately before impacting
potential nesting habitat. The City shall be notified of any sensitive bird species
identified during the pre-construction surveys.
If project impacts to vegetation or grading are necessary within and/or adjacent to
habitat during the bird breeding season (January 15 to September 15), a qualified
biologist shall conduct pre-construction surveys to determine the presence or absence
of nesting birds, including raptors and sensitive bird species. The survey shall begin not
more than three days before the beginning of impacts or grading activities. If nests of
listed birds, migratory birds, raptors, or other sensitive species are located, they will be
fenced with a protective buffer of at least 500 feet from active nests of listed species,
and 300 feet from other sensitive bird species. Nests of non-sensitive bird species will be
flagged for avoidance, and an appropriate setback determined by the biologist. All
construction activity will be prohibited within the identified setbacks until a qualified
biologist has determined that nesting behavior has ceased, nests have failed, or young
have fledged.
The USFWS shall be notified of any federally listed species observed nesting within 500
feet of proposed grading activities, and the CDFW shall be notified of any state listed or
special-status species observed nesting within 500 feet of proposed grading activities.
If listed species are present and construction is to occur during the nesting season,
construction noise will be measured regularly to maintain a threshold at or below 60
dBA hourly Leq. within 500 feet of breeding habitat occupied by listed species. If noise
levels supersede the threshold, noise barriers shall be erected to reduce noise impacts
to occupied habitat from project construction to below 60 dBA hourly Leq, and/or the
activities shall be suspended until nesting is complete.
9.3 JURISDICTIONAL WETLANDS AND WATERS
The project would impact 0.03 acre of aquatic resources (southern willow scrub) considered CCC coastal
wetland. Compensatory mitigation shall be satisfied by the implementation of BIO-1 above.
Additionally, as a regulatory requirement, the City shall submit the appropriate agency notifications and
permit applications for impacts to jurisdictional resources and shall obtain all necessary permits. Final
permit requirements would be determined in consultation with the regulating agencies.
10.0 CARLSBAD HABITAT MANAGEMENT PLAN
COMPLIANCE
The entirety of the project is within the coastal zone, to which additional HMP standards apply. The
HMP regulations are described below.
10.1 CONSISTENCY WITH HMP PRESERVE
The proposed project is situated within LFMZ 3 (Zone 3) and LFMZ 22 (Zone 22). The project has been
designed to stay within the City ROW or adjacent property owned by the City and out of HMP preserve
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areas. Therefore, the project would not affect the HMP preserve and would be consistent with the HMP
preserve boundaries.
10.2 CONSISTENCY WITH HMP SPECIES REQUIREMENTS
10.2.1 Section D6 of the HMP (pg. D-90), Measures to Minimize Impact on HMP Species and Mitigation Requirements
Narrow Endemic Species
No narrow endemic plant or animal species were identified during the field surveys or are expected to
occur on-site.
Other Sensitive Species
The HMP states that “the primary mitigation for impacts to HMP Species under the Plan is the
conservation and management of habitat for species in the preserve system” (City 2004). It also states
that incidental take must be minimized and mitigated to the maximum extent practicable. Table 9 of the
HMP provides specific minimization and mitigation measures for covered species.
No sensitive animal species addressed in Table 9 of the HMP were observed on-site during biological
surveys. One species addressed in Table 9 (coastal California gnatcatcher) was determined to have a
moderate potential to occur on-site; project consistency with the HMP for this species is discussed
below.
Coastal California Gnatcatcher
Conservation goals for the coastal California gnatcatcher include:
• Conserve approximately 2,000 acres of coastal sage scrub.
• Conserve mapped gnatcatcher locations within conserved habitat.
• Maintain regional linkages.
Impact avoidance/minimization measures for the coastal California gnatcatcher include:
• Manage preserve areas to minimize edge effects.
• Prepare and implement a fire management program for preserve areas.
• Where possible, enhance and restore sage scrub habitat within preserve areas.
• No clearing of occupied habitat may occur between March 1 and August 15 annually.
The proposed project is located outside of preserve areas and would not affect any linkages. The project
would mitigate impacts to potential gnatcatcher habitat (sage scrub) through habitat-based mitigation
identified in mitigation measure BIO-1 above. Direct and indirect impacts from
clearing/grubbing/grading impacts during the gnatcatcher breeding season would be restricted under
mitigation measures BIO-4 and BIO-5.
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Therefore, the project is consistent with the HMP goals and impact minimization measures for the
coastal California gnatcatcher.
10.3 CONSISTENCY WITH HMP ADJACENCY STANDARDS AND
ZONE-LEVEL RECOMMENDATIONS
10.3.1 Section F3-Adjacency Standards (Carlsbad HMP pg. F-16)
The project limits are outside of any Hardline Preserve or other conservation area. The HMP adjacency
standards apply to the southern end of the project alignment where it is near the northern end of a
narrow, isolated reach of Hardline Preserve (SRA 2) that was established to protect vernal pool habitat
and associated sensitive plant and animal species.
Fire Management
Fire management includes the recognition that fire is an important component of natural ecosystems in
Southern California while ensuring public safety for areas adjacent to the HMP preserve. The proposed
project does not require fuel management zones and will not pose a fire risk to the adjacent preserve.
Therefore, the project would be consistent with this Adjacency Standard.
Erosion Control
The project would comply with National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System requirements for
construction and would prepare and implement a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP).
These measures would avoid new surface drainage and erosion near SRA 2.
Therefore, the project would be consistent with this Adjacency Standard.
Landscaping Restrictions
The project would conform to the City’s landscaping requirements and will submit a landscape plan to
the City for review and approval before the project impacts. Landscaping adjacent to the preserve will
use appropriate native species, and invasive plant species will not be included in the landscaping palette,
including species identified in Table 12 (Invasive Exotic Plants Occurring or Potentially Occurring in the
City of Carlsbad) of the HMP.
Therefore, the project would be consistent with this Adjacency Standard.
Fencing, Signs, and Lighting
The project does not result in new uses of the area that would increase the need for fencing or signage
adjacent to SRA 2 in the project vicinity. Lighting associated with the project would be the minimum
amount necessary for safety and directed away from SRA 2.
Thus, the project would be consistent with this Adjacency Standard.
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Predator and Exotic Species Control
The project does not propose uses that would increase feral or domestic animal use adjacent to SRA 2.
Additionally, the project site and adjacent areas are characterized primarily by non-native plant species
and/or habitats, which are widespread along the rail corridor. The project would not result in the
introduction of additional non-native plant species near SRA 2, and the revegetation plant palettes on
the west side of Avenida Encinas would include only native species. Project landscaping palettes would
not use invasive species.
Therefore, the project would be consistent with this Adjacency Standard.
10.3.2 Section F5-Zone-Level Recommendations for Zone 3 and Zone 22 (Carlsbad HMP pg. F25-F28)
There are no zone-specific preserve management guidelines for Zone 3, and, therefore, have no conflict
with the proposed project.
The proposed project is not located within a current or future proposed preserve area, and project
implementation will not conflict with the management goals and guidelines for Zone 22 (see Section 3.3
herein), as summarized below. The project will avoid impacts and minimize adverse edge effects to
vernal pool habitat; no effect on water quality of the pools would occur. The project will not conflict
with preserve management actions to stabilize sensitive species populations, as no changes in use are
proposed by the project, and plant palettes in the landscape plan will not use invasive species. The
project will implement a SWPPP to address runoff, erosion, and sedimentation during project
construction for the protection of water quality against potential pollutants and will not change runoff
into vernal pool watersheds. The project will have no effect on the Preserve Manager’s ability to
monitor the status of preserved populations in LFMZ 22 to ensure they remain viable.
Zone Level recommendations typically do not apply to existing City ROWs, which are specifically in-place
for allowing roadway, mobility, and other planned infrastructure improvements to occur. Regardless of
applicability, the project considered the HMP Zone Level recommendations, and no conflict would
occur.
10.4 CONSISTENCY WITH HMP COASTAL ZONE STANDARDS
(CARLSBAD HMP PG. D-114)
The entirety of the project is within the coastal zone, to which additional HMP conservation standards
apply (City 2004). These standards are further discussed below. In addition, the CRT is a mobility project
and is a planned non-motorized transportation and community enhancement project identified in the
City’s LCP.
Standard 7-1: Environmentally Sensitive Habitat Areas
Per the CCA, ESHAs are identified and shall be protected against significant disruption. The nearest
ESHA, as defined by the CCA, would be the vernal pool habitat within HMP Hardline Preserve SRA 2.
The project proposes relatively minor impacts to native habitats occurring within and adjacent to the
road ROW along an existing road edge. Evidence of substantial disturbance (i.e., the proliferation of non-
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native and invasive plant species, informal trails, and/or mowing) is currently present within all of these
roadside areas. Proposed project impacts to these roadside edges would not disrupt areas of ESHA.
Indirect impacts to ESHA would be avoided through compliance with the HMP adjacency standards.
Therefore, the project is consistent with this HMP coastal zone standard.
Standard 7-2: Coastal Sage Scrub
Properties containing coastal sage scrub located in the Coastal Zone shall conserve a minimum of
67 percent of the coastal sage scrub and 75 percent of the gnatcatchers on site.
Impacts to coastal sage scrub have been avoided and minimized to the extent feasible and are confined
to narrow strips of habitat immediately adjacent to the existing road. A total of 1.25 acres of coastal
sage scrub is present adjacent to the west side of Avenida Encinas along the project alignment. The
project would impact 0.33 acre or 26 percent of the coastal sage scrub, which would result in
conservation of 74 percent of the existing coastal sage scrub. Furthermore, the project proposes
mitigation to achieve no net loss (BIO-1). No gnatcatchers were detected within the study area during
the biological surveys; however, the coastal sage scrub has the potential to support gnatcatchers. The
project would mitigate impacts to potential gnatcatcher habitat (Diegan coastal sage scrub) through
habitat-based mitigation identified in mitigation measure BIO-1 above. Direct and indirect impacts from
clearing/grubbing/ grading impacts during the gnatcatcher breeding season would be restricted under
mitigation measures BIO-4 and BIO-5 identified above. Thus, the project is consistent with this coastal
zone standard.
Standard 7-7: Wetland Mitigation Requirements
Per this standard, property development that impacts wetlands shall provide mitigation at a ratio of 3:1
for riparian impacts and 4:1 for saltwater or freshwater wetland or marsh impacts.
The project would impact 0.03 acre of riparian habitat and would mitigate to achieve no net loss (BIO-1).
Standard 7-8: No Net Loss of Habitat
Per this standard, the development of a property in the coastal zone of Carlsbad shall result in no net
loss of the following vegetation types: coastal sage scrub, maritime succulent scrub, southern maritime
chaparral, southern mixed chaparral, native grassland, and oak woodland.
The project would impact 0.33 acre of coastal sage scrub vegetation and proposes mitigation to achieve
no net loss (BIO-1); thus, the project is consistent with this coastal zone standard.
Standard 7-9: Upland Habitat Mitigation Requirements
Habitat mitigation will occur in accordance with HMP Table 11 and shall result in no net loss; thus, the
project is consistent with this coastal zone standard.
Standard 7-11: Buffer and Fuel Modification Zones
Per this standard, the development of a property shall provide buffers between all preserved habitat
areas and proposed development, including 100-foot for wetlands and least Bell’s vireo occupied
riparian areas, 50-foot for unoccupied riparian areas, and 20-foot for all other native habitats.
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As stated previously, the CRT is a mobility project within the City’s ROW and is a planned project
addressed within the City’s LCP. HMP development requirements, such as habitat buffers, are not
typically considered applicable to existing City ROWs, which are specifically intended for allowing
roadway, mobility, and other planned infrastructure improvements to occur.
The proposed alignment is primarily adjacent to existing disturbed habitat or developed lands, and in
the few locations where native habitat does occur, it is immediately adjacent to the existing roadway
and does not have an existing buffer. As such, there are no existing habitat buffers within the project
site that meet the HMP requirements. No portion of the alignment is within a hardline preservation
area, standards area, or focus planning area under the HMP. The project proposes to retain a no-buffer
condition; however, the project will improve the condition of disturbed areas in the western portion of
the ROW by using a native hydroseed mix as part of the project’s landscape plan. To further protect
adjacent habitat, the project will install biofiltration swales to capture and treat project runoff from
developed areas.
Standard 7-12: Grading and Landscaping Requirements
The project will adhere to the City’s grading schedule and will have a project-specific SWPPP to address
erosion and water quality during construction. Thus, the project will not conflict with this coastal zone
standard.
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11.0 LIST OF PREPARERS
The following individuals contributed to the fieldwork and/or preparation of this report.
Linda Garcia M.A., English, National University, San Diego, 2012
B.A., Literatures in English, University of California, San Diego, 2003
Stacy Nigro* B.S., Forest Resources and Conservation (emphasis Wildlife Ecology) University
of Florida-Gainesville, 1994
Dane van Tamelen‡ B.A., Environmental Studies, University of California, Santa Cruz, 2015
*Primary report author
‡Contributing author
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12.0 REFERENCES
American Ornithological Society (AOS). 2023. AOS Checklist of North and Middle American Birds (online
checklist). Retrieved from: http://checklist.aou.org/taxa/.
Bradley, R.D., Ammerman, L.K., Baker, R.J., Bradley, L.C., Cook, J.A., Dowler, R.D. Jones, C., Schmidly,
D.J, Stangi, F.B., Van De Bussche, R.A., Wursig, B. (2014). Revised checklist of North American
mammals north of Mexico. Museum of Texas Tech University Occasional Papers. 327:1-27.
Calflora. 2024. Retrieved from: http://www.calflora.org/.
California Department of Fish and Wildlife (CDFW). 2023a. State and Federally Listed Endangered &
Threatened Animals of California. Available at: https://www.wildlife.ca.gov/Data/CNDDB/Plants-
and-Animals. December.
2023b. California Natural Diversity Data Base (CNDDB). RareFind 5.
2023c. California Natural Diversity Database (CNDDB). Special Animals List. Periodic publication.
April. 65 pp.
California Native Plant Society, Rare Plant Program. 2024. Inventory of Rare and Endangered Plants of
California (online edition, v9.5). Available at: http://www.rareplants.cnps.org. January.
Carlsbad, City of.
2011. Revised Vegetation Community Data Provided by City of Carlsbad GIS. Data available at
the City of Carlsbad.
2004. Final Habitat Management Plan for Natural Communities in the City of Carlsbad. Final
approval November 2004, including implementing agreement and terms and conditions.
Available at: https://www.carlsbadca.gov/departments/environmental-sustainability/habitat-
protection.
Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps of Engineers Wetlands Delineation Manual. Technical Report
Y-87-1. U.S. Army Engineer Waterways Experiment Station, Vicksburg, Mississippi. 100 pp. with
Appendices.
Google Earth (Google). 2022. Aerial and Historical Imagery. Accessed November.
Holland, R.F. 1986. Preliminary Descriptions of the Terrestrial Natural Communities of California. State of
California, The Resources Agency, 156 pp.
Jepson Flora Project (eds.) 2022. Jepson eFlora. Available at: http://ucjeps.berkeley.edu/eflora/.
Oberbauer, T. 2008. Terrestrial Vegetation Communities in San Diego County Based on Holland’s
Descriptions. Revised from 1996 and 2005. July.
Society for the Study of Amphibians and Reptiles. 2023. North American Standard English and Scientific
Names Database. Available at: https://ssarherps.org/publications/north-american-checklist/.
Biological Technical Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project | December 2025
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State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB). 2019. State Wetland Definition and Procedures for
Discharges of Dredged or Fill Material to Waters of the State. Adopted April 2, 2019.
Technology Associates. 2008. Guidelines for Biological Studies. Prepared for the City of Carlsbad.
September.
U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 2008. Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland
Delineation Manual: Arid West Region (Version 2.0). Eds. J.S. Wakely, R.W. Lichvar, and C.V.
Noble. ERDC/EL TR-06-16. Vicksburg, MS: U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development
Center. September.
U.S. Department of Agriculture. 2023. Web Soil Survey. Natural Resources Conservation Service.
Available at: https://websoilsurvey.sc.egov.usda.gov/App/HomePage.htm.
U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS). 2023. Occurrence Information for Multiple Species within
Jurisdiction of the Carlsbad Fish and Wildlife Office (CFWO). Retrieved from:
http://www.fws.gov/carlsbad/gis/cfwogis.html.
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Appendix A
Plant Species Observed
Appendix A: Plant Species Observed for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
A-1
Family Scientific Name*,† Common Name Habitat1
Aizoaceae Carpobrotus edulis* iceplant DCSS, DH
Malephora crocea* coppery mesembryanthemum DH
Mesembryanthemum
crystallinum*
crystalline ice plant DH
Anacardiaceae Rhus integrifolia lemonade berry DCSS, DH
Schinus terebinthifolius* Brazilian pepper tree DH, SWS
Apiaceae Apiastrum angustifolium wild celery DCSS
Foeniculum vulgare* fennel DH
Apocynaceae Nerium oleander* oleander DH
Arecaceae Washingtonia robusta* Mexican fan palm DH
Asphodelaceae Asphodelus fistulosus* onionweed DH
Asteraceae Ambrosia psilostachya ragweed DCSS, NNG
Artemisia californica California sagebrush DCSS
Baccharis pilularis coyotebrush DCSS
Baccharis salicifolia mule fat DH, SWS
Deinandra fasciculata clustered tarweed DCSS
Dittrichia graveolens* stinkwort DH
Encelia californica bush sunflower DCSS
Erigeron canadensis Canada horseweed DH
Glebionis coronaria* crown daisy DH
Helminthotheca echioides* bristly ox-tongue NNG
Heterotheca grandiflora telegraph weed DH
Isocoma menziesii San Diego goldenbush DCSS, DH
Boraginaceae Heliotropium curassavicum salt heliotrope DH
Brassicaceae Brassica nigra* black mustard DCSS, DH
Hirschfeldia incana* mustard NNG, DH
Raphanus sativus* wild radish NNG, DH
Cactaceae Opuntia littoralis prickly pear DCSS
Chenopodiaceae Atriplex lentiformis big saltbush DCSS, DH
Atriplex semibaccata* Australian saltbush DH
Chenopodium sp.* goosefoot DH
Salsola tragus* Russian thistle NNG, DH
Cleomaceae Peritoma arborea bladderpod DCSS
Cyperaceae Cyperus involucratus* umbrella plant NNG
Euphorbiaceae Euphorbia maculata* spotted spurge DH
Ricinus communis* castor bean SWS
Fabaceae Acacia longifolia* golden wattle DCSS, DH
Erythrina caffra* coral tree SWS
Lythraceae Lythrum hyssopifolia* hyssop loosestrife DW
Myrtaceae Psidium guajava* guava DH
Oleaceae Fraxinus uhdei* shamel ash SWS
Poaceae Bromus sp. * brome NNG
Cortaderia selloana* pampas grass DH
Polygonaceae Eriogonum fasciculatum California buckwheat DCSS, DH
Rumex crispus* curly dock NNG, DW, DH
Rhamnaceae Adolphia californica†† California adolphia DCSS
Salicaceae Salix lasiolepis arroyo willow SWS
Appendix A: Plant Species Observed for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
A-2
Family Scientific Name*,† Common Name Habitat1
Sapindaceae Cupaniopsis anacardioides* carrotwood DH
Scrophulariaceae Myoporum laetum* ngaio tree DH
Solanaceae Lycium californicum†† California box-thorn DCSS
* Non-native
†† Sensitive
1 DCSS=Diegan coastal sage scrub; DH=Disturbed habitat; DW=Disturbed wetland; NNG=Non-native grassland;
SWS=Southern willow scrub.
Appendix B
Animal Species Observed or
Detected
Appendix B: Animal Species Observed or Detected for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail
and Pedestrian Improvements Project
B-1
Order Family Scientific Name Common Name
INVERTEBRATES
Reptiles
Squamata Phrynosomatidae Sceloporus occidentalis Western Fence Lizard
Birds
Apodiformes Trochilidae Calypte anna Anna's Hummingbird
Charadriiformes Charadriidae Charadrius vociferus Killdeer
Columbiformes Columbidae Zenaida macroura Mourning Dove
Passeriformes Corvidae Corvus brachyrhynchos American Crow
Fringillidae Haemorhous mexicanus House Finch
Spinus psaltria Lesser Goldfinch
Mimidae Mimus polyglottos Northern Mockingbird
Parulidae Geothlypis trichas Common Yellowthroat
Setophaga coronata Yellow-rumped Warbler
Passerellidae Melospiza melodia Song Sparrow
Melozone crissalis California Towhee
Pipilo maculatus Spotted Towhee
Zonotrichia leucophrys White-crowned Sparrow
Passeridae Passer domesticus House Sparrow
Sturnidae Sturnus vulgaris European Starling
Tyrannidae Sayornis nigricans Black Phoebe
Tyrannus vociferans Cassin's Kingbird
Mammals
Lagomorpha Leporidae Sylvilagus audubonii Desert Cottontail
Rodentia Sciuridae Otospermophilus
beecheyi California Ground Squirrel
Appendix C
Sensitive Plant Species with Potential
to Occur
Appendix C: Sensitive Plant Species Potential to Occur for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
C-1
Scientific Name Common Name Status Habitat, Ecology and Life History Potential to Occur
Abronia maritima red sand-verbena -- / --
CRPR 4.2
Perennial herb. Grows in prostrate
mats on well-developed coastal dunes away from areas with heavy foot traffic
which has severely degraded habitat
on most southern California beaches.
Found on the Channel Islands and
along the immediate coast from San
Luis Obispo County south to San Diego
County; nearly extirpated in southern
California. Flowering period: February
to November. Elevation: below 330
feet (100 meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Coastal
dune habitat associated with this species does not occur
onsite.
Acanthomintha ilicifolia San Diego thorn-mint FT / SE
CRPR 1B.1
HMP Covered
Narrow Endemic
Annual herb. Typically grows on clay
soils within chaparral, coastal scrub,
valley and foothill grassland, and
vernal pools. Found in San Diego
County. Flowering period: April to
June. Elevation: below 30 to 3,150 feet
(10 to 960 meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Suitable
clay soils do not occur on site.
Vernal pools do not occur on
site.
Acmispon prostratus Nuttall's lotus -- / --
CRPR 1B.1
Annual herb. Grows on coastal dunes
and sandy areas coastal scrub in San
Diego County. Flowering Period: March
to June. Elevation: below 35 feet (10
meters).
Low. Coastal dune habitat does
not occur onsite, and the site is
above known elevation range
for the species. Approximately
100 individuals were recorded
in 2015 on South Carlsbad
State Beach approximately 900
feet west of project site.
Adolphia californica California adolphia -- / --
CRPR 2B.1
Perennial shrub. Most often found in
coastal scrub but occasionally occurs in
peripheral chaparral habitats. Found in
San Diego County. Flowering period:
December to May. Elevation: 30 to
2,430 feet (10 to 740 meters).
Present. Approximately 70
individuals were observed
within Diegan coastal sage
scrub in the northern portion
of the study area. Most of
these occur within a dense
cluster at the top of a berm
between Avenida Encinas and
the railroad.
Appendix C: Sensitive Plant Species Potential to Occur for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
C-2
Scientific Name Common Name Status Habitat, Ecology and Life History Potential to Occur
Agave shawii var. shawii Shaw’s agave -- / --
CRPR 2B.1
Perennial succulent. Most often found
on coastal bluffs and along mesas and foothill within coast bluff scrub, coastal
scrub. Maritime succulent scrub, and
chaparral. Found in San Diego County.
Flowering period: September to May.
Elevation: below 395 feet (120
meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Coastal
bluffs are not present on site. Furthermore, this perennial
succulent would likely have
been observed during surveys
if present onsite.
Aphanisma blitoides aphanisma -- / --
CRPR 1B.2
Annual herb. Occurs on sandy or
gravelly soils within coastal dunes,
coastal bluff scrub, and coastal scrub.
Found along the coast from Santa
Barbara County south to San Diego
County and the Channel Islands.
Flowering period: June to September.
Elevation: below 656 feet (305
meters).
Low. Potentially suitable
coastal scrub habitat with
sandy and gravelly soils is
present but limited onsite, and
subject to disturbance
rendering it unlikely to support
this species.
Arctostaphylos glandulosa
ssp. crassifolia
Del Mar manzanita FE / --
CRPR 1B.1
HMP Covered
Narrow Endemic
Perennial shrub. Occurs within
relatively open, coastal chaparral and
maritime chaparral on sandy soils. At
occasional inland sites it occurs in
denser mixed chaparral vegetation.
Found in San Diego County. Flowering
Period: December to June. Elevation:
below 1,200 feet (365 meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Chaparral
is not present on site.
Furthermore, this perennial
shrub would likely have been
observed during surveys if
present onsite.
Artemisia palmeri San Diego sagewort -- / --
CRPR 4.2
Perennial shrub. Typically found along
stream courses, often beneath riparian
woodland, on sandy and mesic soils.
May occur in coast live oak woodland,
coastal sage scrub, and southern mixed
chaparral. Found in San Diego County.
Flowering period: June to October.
Elevation: 50 to 3,000 feet (15 to 915
meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Suitable
riparian habitat is limited on
site and this perennial shrub
would likely have been
observed during surveys if
present.
Appendix C: Sensitive Plant Species Potential to Occur for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
C-3
Scientific Name Common Name Status Habitat, Ecology and Life History Potential to Occur
Atriplex pacifica South coast saltscale -- / --
CRPR 1B.2
Annual herb. Found coastally on dunes
and within playas in alkali sinks, sage scrub, and wetland and riparian
habitats. Found along the coastal
regions from Santa Barbara County
south to San Diego County, western
portions of San Bernardino and
Riverside counties, and the Channel
Islands. Flowering period: March to
October. Elevation: below 460 feet
(140 meters).
Low. Coastal dunes and playas
are not present on site. One individual was recorded in
2014 on South Carlsbad State
Beach approximately 700 feet
west of the project site.
Brodiaea filifolia Thread-leaved
brodiaea
FT / SE
CRPR 1B.1
HMP Covered
Narrow Endemic
Perennial herb. Often associated with
vernal pools. Also occurs within playas,
grasslands, coastal scrub, openings in
chaparral, and cismontane woodland;
often on clay soils. Found in Los
Angeles, Orange, San Bernardino,
Riverside, and San Diego counties.
Flowering period: March to June.
Elevation: 80 to 3,675 feet (25 to 1,120
meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Vernal
pool habitat is not present on
site, and preferred clay soils do
not occur on site.
Brodiaea orcuttii Orcutt's brodiaea -- / --
CRPR 1B.1
HMP Covered
Narrow Endemic
Perennial bulbiferous herb. Occurs
within closed-cone coniferous forest,
chaparral, cismontane woodland,
meadows and seeps, valley and foothill
grassland, and vernal pools. Prefers
mesic or clay soils. Found in Riverside
San Diego counties. Flowering period:
May to July. Elevation: 98 to 5,550 feet
(30 to 1,692 meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Suitable
habitat and clay soils do not
occur onsite, and the site is
below the species known
elevation range.
Appendix C: Sensitive Plant Species Potential to Occur for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
C-4
Scientific Name Common Name Status Habitat, Ecology and Life History Potential to Occur
Camissoniopsis lewisii Lewis' evening-
primrose
-- / --
CRPR 3
Annual herb. Occurs on sandy or clay
soils within grasslands, coastal scrub, cismontane woodland, and coastal
bluffs and dunes. Found in Los Angeles,
Orange, and San Diego counties.
Flowering period: March to June.
Elevation: below 985 feet (300
meters).
Low. Sandy soils within
grassland and coastal scrub are present, but very limited and
disturbed onsite.
Ceanothus verrucosus Wart-stemmed
ceanothus
-- / --
CRPR 2B.2
HMP Covered
Perennial shrub. Found on rocky slopes
within chaparral, particularly southern
maritime chaparral. Found in Riverside
and San Diego counties. Flowering
period: December to May. Elevation:
below 1,245 feet (380 meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Chaparral
does not occur onsite.
Furthermore, this perennial
shrub would likely have been
observed during surveys if
present.
Chaenactis glabriuscula var.
orcuttiana
Orcutt's pincushion -- / --
CRPR 1B.1
Annual herb. Found on coastal dunes
and sandy areas within coastal bluff
scrub. Typically, in proximity to moist
ocean breezes from Ventura County
south to San Diego County. Elevation:
below 330 feet (100 meters).
Flowering Period: January to August.
Not Likely to Occur. Sand dune
habitat and coastal bluffs do
not occur onsite.
Chorizanthe orcuttiana Orcutt's spineflower FE / SE
CRPR 1B.1
HMP Covered
Narrow Endemic
Annual herb. Found in sandy openings
of coastal sage scrub, maritime
chaparral, and closed-cone coniferous
forests. Known from only three
occurrences in Encinitas and Point
Loma within San Diego County.
Flowering period: March to May.
Elevation: 5 to 410 feet (3 to 125
meters).
Low. Sandy soils are present
within coastal sage scrub on
site, but soils are disturbed and
all occurrence data for this
species is from Encinitas and
southward.
Chorizanthe polygonoides
var. longispina
Long-spined
spineflower
-- / --
CRPR 1B.2
Annual herb. Occurs in chaparral,
coastal scrub, and native grassland,
often on clay soils. Found within
Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, and
San Diego counties. Flowering period:
April to July. Elevation: 95 to 5,020 feet
(30 to 1,530 meters).
Low. Suitable coastal scrub is
present but limited, and
preferred clay soils do not
occur with coastal scrub
habitat onsite.
Appendix C: Sensitive Plant Species Potential to Occur for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
C-5
Scientific Name Common Name Status Habitat, Ecology and Life History Potential to Occur
Cistanthe maritima Seaside cistanthe -- / --
CRPR 4.2
Annual herb. Occurs on sandy bluffs
near the beach and sandy openings in coastal sage scrub and grasslands.
Found along the coast from Santa
Barbara County south to San Diego
County and the Channel Islands.
Flowering period: February to June.
Elevation: below 984 feet (300
meters).
Low. Suitable sandy soils
within coastal sage scrub are present, but very limited and
disturbed onsite.
Comarostaphylis diversifolia
ssp. diversifolia
Summer-holly -- / --
CRPR 1B.2
HMP Covered
Perennial shrub. Occurs in chaparral
and cismontane woodland. Found in
Santa Barbara, Orange, Riverside, and
San Diego counties. Flowering period:
April to June. Elevation: 95 to 2,590
feet (30 to 790 meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Chaparral
and cismontane woodland
habitat do not occur onsite.
Furthermore, this perennial
shrub would likely have been
observed during surveys if
present onsite.
Convolvulus simulans Small-flowered
morning-glory
-- / --
CRPR 4.2
Annual herb. Occurs on clay soils and
serpentinite seeps in openings within
chaparral, coastal scrub, and native
grassland. Found within the San
Francisco Bay area, San Joaquin Valley,
western Sierra Nevada foothills, along
the coast of southern California, the
Channel Islands, and the western
Transverse and Peninsular Ranges.
Flowering period: April to June.
Elevation: 95 to 2,430 feet (30 to 740
meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Suitable
clay soils are not present
onsite. Furthermore, the
project site is below the known
elevation range for this
species.
Corethrogyne filaginifolia
var. linifolia
Del Mar Mesa sand
aster
-- / --
CRPR 1B.1
HMP Covered
Narrow Endemic
Perennial herb. Found on sandy soils
and disturbed areas within southern
maritime chaparral, coastal sage scrub,
and coastal bluffs. Found in San Diego
County. Flowering Period: May to
September. Elevation: 45 to 490 feet
(15 to 150 meters).
Low. Suitable disturbed sandy
soils within coastal sage scrub
are present, but very limited
onsite. Occurrence data for
this species is primarily
between La Jolla north to San
Elijo Lagoon.
Appendix C: Sensitive Plant Species Potential to Occur for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
C-6
Scientific Name Common Name Status Habitat, Ecology and Life History Potential to Occur
Ericameria palmeri var.
palmeri
Palmer’s goldenbush -- / --
CRPR 1B.1
Perennial shrub. Grows in mesic areas
within coastal sage scrub and chaparral in San Diego County. Flowering period:
September to November. Elevation: 95
to 1,960 feet (30 to 600 meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Suitable
coastal sage scrub present, but very limited onsite.
Furthermore, this perennial
shrub would likely have been
observed during surveys if
present onsite.
Eryngium aristulatum var.
parishii
San Diego button
celery
FE / SE
CRPR 1B.1
HMP Covered
Narrow Endemic
Annual or perennial herb. Grows in
vernal pools and other mesic areas,
such as marshes. Found in Los Angeles,
Orange, Riverside, and San Diego
counties. Flowering period: April to
June. Elevation: 65 to 2,035 feet (20 to
620 meters).
Low. Vernal pool habitat does
not occur onsite. Species has
been recorded approximately
500 feet south of the southern
portion of the project site
within the Hardline Preserve
supporting vernal pools.
Erysimum ammophilum Sand-loving wallflower -- / --
CRPR 1B.2
Perennial herb. Found in open areas
and sandy soils within coastal dunes,
coastal strand, coastal sage scrub, and
maritime chaparral. Found within
northern Monterey County, San Diego
County, and the northern Channel
Islands. Flowering Period: February to
June. Elevation: below 195 feet (60
meters).
Low. Suitable open coastal
sage scrub with sandy soils is
present but limited onsite,
however, this showy perennial
herb would likely have been
observed during surveys if
present onsite.
Euphorbia misera Cliff spurge -- / --
CRPR 2B.2
HMP Covered
Perennial shrub. Found in rocky areas
of coastal bluffs, coastal sage scrub,
and Mojave desert scrub. Found in
Riverside, Orange, and San Diego
counties and the Channel Islands.
Flowering period: December to August.
Elevation: 30 to 1,640 feet (10 to 500
meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Coastal
sage scrub is present, however
rocky soils do not occur onsite.
Furthermore, this perennial
shrub would likely have been
observed during surveys if
present onsite.
Appendix C: Sensitive Plant Species Potential to Occur for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
C-7
Scientific Name Common Name Status Habitat, Ecology and Life History Potential to Occur
Ferocactus viridescens San Diego barrel cactus -- / --
CRPR 2B.1 HMP Covered
Perennial (stem succulent) shrub.
Grows in sandy to rocky areas within chaparral, valley grassland and coastal
sage scrub communities. Found in San
Diego County. Flowering period: May
to June. Elevation: 5 to 492 feet (3 to
450 meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Coastal
sage scrub with sandy soils are present but very limited onsite,
and this species would likely
have been observed during
surveys if present.
Harpagonella palmeri Palmer's
grapplinghook
-- / --
CRPR 4.2
Annual herb. Grows on clay soils within
openings of grasslands, coastal sage
scrub, and chaparral. Found in Los
Angeles, Orange, San Diego, and
Riverside counties. Flowering Period:
March to May. Elevation: 65 to 3,135
feet (20 to 955 meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Preferred
clay soils do not occur in onsite
coastal scrub or grassland
habitats.
Heterotheca sessiliflora ssp.
sessiliflora
Beach goldenaster -- / --
CRPR 1B.1
Perennial herb. Occurs in coastal
chaparral, coastal dunes, and coastal
scrub. Found in San Bernardino and
San Diego counites. Flowering Period:
March to December. Elevation: below
4,020 feet (1,225 meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Coastal
scrub and sandy soils are
present but disturbed, and
preferred sand dune habitat
does not occur onsite.
Hordeum intercedens Vernal barley -- / --
CRPR 3.2
Annual herb. Occurs in vernal pools,
alkaline flats, and dry, saline
streambeds. Also found in saline flats
and depressions within grasslands.
Found in the San Joaquin Valley, South
Coast and Peninsular Ranges, San
Jacinto Mountains, and southern coast
of California. Flowering period: March
to June. Elevation: below 3,280 feet
(1,000 meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Vernal
pool, alkaline flat, and
streambed habitats are not
present onsite.
Appendix C: Sensitive Plant Species Potential to Occur for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
C-8
Scientific Name Common Name Status Habitat, Ecology and Life History Potential to Occur
Isocoma menziesii var.
decumbens
Decumbent
goldenbush
-- / --
CRPR 1B.2
Perennial shrub. Occurs in sandy soils
and disturbed areas on the inland side of dunes, hillsides, and arroyos within
coastal sage scrub and chaparral.
Found along the coast of southern
California, Peninsular Ranges, and
Channel Islands. Flowering period: July
to November. Elevation: below 656
feet (200 meters).
Low. Suitable coastal sage
scrub with sandy soils are present but limited onsite; and
this perennial shrub would
likely have been observed
during surveys if present.
Iva hayesiana San Diego marsh-elder -- / --
CRPR 2B.2
HMP Covered
Perennial herb. Found in alkaline flats,
depressions, and streambanks within
wetland habitats in San Diego County.
Flowering period: April to October.
Elevation: 30 to 1,640 feet (10 to 500
meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Suitable
alkaline flats, depressions, and
streambed habitats are not
present onsite.
Juncus acutus ssp. leopoldii Southwestern spiny
rush
-- / --
CRPR 4.2
Perennial herb. Found in streambeds
and drainages along the coastal
regions from San Luis Obispo County
south to San Diego County. Flowering
period: May to June. Elevation: below
984 feet (300 meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Suitable
wetland habitats are not
present onsite. Furthermore,
this large perennial herb would
likely have been observed
during surveys if present.
Lasthenia glabrata ssp.
coulteri
Coulter’s goldfields -- / --
CRPR 1B.1
Annual herb. Grows in vernal pools,
playas, and saline habitats within alkali
sinks, coastal salt marshes, and
wetland habitats. Found along the
Coast, Sierra Nevada, and Peninsular
Ranges; Sacramento and San Joaquin
Valleys; central and southern coasts;
Mojave Desert; and north Channel
Islands. Flowering period: April to May.
Elevation: below 4,005 feet (1,220
meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Suitable
wetland habitats are not
present onsite.
Appendix C: Sensitive Plant Species Potential to Occur for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
C-9
Scientific Name Common Name Status Habitat, Ecology and Life History Potential to Occur
Lepidium virginicum var.
robinsonii
Robinson’s pepper-
grass
-- / --
CRPR 4.3
Annual herb. Grows in openings of
sage scrub and chaparral at the coastal and foothill elevations throughout
California. Typically observed in
relatively dry, exposed locales rather
than beneath a shrub canopy. Also,
found in disturbed areas. Flowering
period: March to June. Elevation:
below 9,186 feet (2,800 meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Suitable
disturbed and open coastal sage scrub is present but
limited onsite, however the
species has not been
previously recorded within the
surrounding 5-mile vicinity.
Leptosyne maritima Sea dahlia -- / --
CRPR 2B.2
Perennial herb. Occurs within coastal
scrub and coastal bluffs scrub in San
Diego County. Flowering period: March
to May. Elevation: below 490 feet (150
meters).
Low. Suitable coastal scrub
with is limited but present
onsite, however this showy
perennial herb would likely
have been observed during
surveys if present onsite.
Lycium californicum California box-thorn -- / --
CRPR 4.2
Perennial shrub. Occurs within coastal
bluff and coastal sage scrub along the
immediate coast. Found along the
coast from Los Angeles County south
to San Diego County, and the Channel
Islands. Flowering period: March to
August. Elevation: below 495 feet (150
meters).
Present. Approximately 75
individuals were observed in
the northern portion of the
study area west of Avenida
Encinas, including 70
individuals within Diegan
coastal sage scrub, and five
individuals within disturbed
habitat.
Microseris douglasii ssp.
platycarpha
Small-flowered
microseris
-- / --
CRPR 4.2
Annual herb. Found on clay soils within
coastal sage scrub, woodlands, and
grasslands. Often near vernal pools or
serpentine outcrops. Found in Los
Angeles, Orange, Riverside, and San
Diego counties and the Channel
Islands. Flowering period: March to
May. Elevation: 49 to 3,510 feet (15 to
1,070 meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Coastal
sage scrub and grasslands are
present but limited, however,
suitable clay soils do not occur.
Appendix C: Sensitive Plant Species Potential to Occur for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
C-10
Scientific Name Common Name Status Habitat, Ecology and Life History Potential to Occur
Myosurus minimus ssp. apus Little mousetail -- / --
CRPR 3.1 HMP Covered
Narrow Endemic
Annual herb. Occurs in alkaline vernal
pools within native grassland. Flowering period: March to June.
Found within San Joaquin Valley south
to San Diego County and east to
western Riverside and San Bernardino
counties. Elevation: 65 to 2,100 feet
(20 to 640 meters).
Low. Vernal pool habitat does
not occur onsite. This species has been recorded
approximately 1,000 feet south
of the southern portion of the
project site within the Hardline
Preserve supporting vernal
pools.
Navarretia fossalis Spreading navarretia FT / --
CRPR 1B.1
HMP Covered
Narrow Endemic
Annual herb. Occurs in vernal pools,
vernal swales, roadside depressions,
playas, marshes and swamps, and
chenopod scrub. Population size is
strongly correlated with rainfall. Depth
of pool appears to be a significant
factor as this species is rarely found in
shallow pools. Found in the Mojave
Desert, desert mountains, Channel
Islands, and the Transverse and
Peninsular Ranges. Flowering period:
April to June. Elevation: 98 to 4,265
feet (30 to 1,300 meters).
Low. Suitable wetland habitat
does not occur on site. Species
has been recorded
approximately 1,000 feet south
of the southern portion of the
project site within the Hardline
Preserve supporting vernal
pools.
Nemacaulis denudata var.
denudata
Coast woolly-heads -- / --
CRPR 1B.2
Annual herb. Occurs within coastal
dunes; seems to prefer the back dunes
in mildly protected areas. Found along
the coastline from Los Angeles County
south to San Diego County. Flowering
Period: April to September. Elevation:
below 330 feet (100 meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Coastal
dune habitat associated with
this species does not occur
onsite.
Appendix C: Sensitive Plant Species Potential to Occur for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
C-11
Scientific Name Common Name Status Habitat, Ecology and Life History Potential to Occur
Orcuttia californica California Orcutt grass FE / SE
CRPR 1B.1 HMP Covered
Narrow Endemic
Annual herb. Occurs in vernal pools.
Tends to grow in wetter portions of the vernal pool basins but does not show
much growth until the basins become
somewhat desiccated. Found in the
coastal regions of southern California
from Ventura County south to San
Diego County and in western Riverside
County. Flowering period: April to
August. Elevation: 45 to 2,165 feet (15
to 660 meters).
Low. Vernal pool habitat does
not occur onsite. Species has been recorded south of the
project site within the Hardline
Preserve supporting vernal
pools.
Pinus torreyana ssp.
torreyana
Torrey pine -- / --
CRPR 1B.2
HMP Covered
Perennial evergreen tree. Grows on
sandstone soils within chaparral and
closed-cone coniferous forest. Found
in San Bernardino and San Diego
counties. Flowering period: none.
Elevation: 95 to 525 feet (30 to 160
meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Chaparral
and forest habitats do not
occur onsite, the site is below
the species known elevation
range, and this perennial
evergreen tree would have
likely been observed during
surveys if present.
Quercus dumosa Nuttall’s scrub oak -- / --
CRPR 1B.1
HMP Covered
Perennial shrub. Occurs on sandy or
clay loam soils near the coast within
coastal scrub, chaparral, cismontane
woodland, and riparian woodland.
Found along the coast, San Jacinto
Mountains, and Peninsular Ranges of
southern California. Flowering period:
March to May. Elevation: below 1,310
feet (400 meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Small
areas of coastal scrub with
sandy soils occurs on site,
however this perennial shrub
would have likely been
observed during surveys if
present.
Appendix C: Sensitive Plant Species Potential to Occur for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
C-12
Scientific Name Common Name Status Habitat, Ecology and Life History Potential to Occur
Selaginella cinerascens Ashy spike-moss -- / --
CRPR 4.1
Perennial herb. Grows in sunny spots
or under shrubs within coastal sage scrub and chaparral. Often associated
with “red clay” soils. Found in coastal
regions from southern Los Angeles
County south to San Diego County.
Flowering period: none. Elevation:
below 1,804 feet (550 meters).
Low. Coastal sage scrub is
present in limited amounts, however preferred clay soils
do not occur and soils on site
have been subject to past
disturbance making them
unlikely to support this
species.
Sphenopholis interrupta ssp.
californica
Baja California oatgrass -- / --
CRPR 1B.1
Annual grass-like herb. Grows on
friable clay lenses in dense coastal
chaparral. Thought to be extinct but
rediscovered near Carlsbad in 2020.
Prior to this discovery, there were only
two representative specimens from
Baja, Mexico, both from 1886.
Not Likely to Occur. Chaparral
habitat is not present on site.
Stipa diegoensis San Diego County
needle grass
-- / --
CRPR 4.2
Perennial herb. Occurs in rocky, mesic
soils near streams or along the coast
within coastal scrub and chaparral.
Found in Santa Barbara, Orange, and
San Diego counties and the Channel
Islands. Flowering period: February to
June. Elevation: 30 to 2,600 feet (10
and 800 meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Stream
habitat with rocky soils does
not occur onsite.
Suaeda esteroa Estuary seablite -- / --
CRPR 1B.2
Perennial herb. Found in coastal salt
marshes and swamps from Ventura
County south to San Diego County.
Flowering period: May to October.
Elevation: below 15 feet (5 meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Alkaline
wetland habitat does not occur
onsite, and the site is above
the known elevation range for
the species.
Appendix C: Sensitive Plant Species Potential to Occur for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
C-13
Scientific Name Common Name Status Habitat, Ecology and Life History Potential to Occur
Suaeda taxifolia Woolly seablite -- / --
CRPR 4.2
Shrub. Occurs in the margins of coastal
salt marshes, coastal dunes, and coastal bluff scrub from San Luis
Obispo County south San Diego
County. Flowering period: all year.
Elevation: below 49 feet (15 meters).
Not Likely to Occur. Coastal
dune and salt marsh habitat does not occur onsite, and the
site is above the known
elevation range for the species.
1 Listing is as follows: F = Federal; S = State of California; E = Endangered; T = Threatened; R = Rare
2 CNPS = California Native Plant Society Rare Plant Rank: 1A–presumed extirpated in California and either rare or extinct elsewhere; 1B–rare, threatened, or endangered in
California and elsewhere; 2A–presumed extirpated in California, but more common elsewhere; 2B–rare, threatened, or endangered in California, but more common
elsewhere; 3–more information needed; 4–watch list for species of limited distribution. Extension codes: .1–seriously endangered; .2–moderately endangered; .3–not very
endangered.
3 HMP Covered = City of Carlsbad Habitat Management Plan HMP Covered Species; Narrow Endemic = Plants identified as narrow endemic in the HMP.
Not Likely to Occur–There are no present or historical records of the species occurring on or in the immediate vicinity, (within one mile) of the Project Site and the
diagnostic habitats strongly associated with the species do not occur on or in the immediate vicinity of the Site.
Low Potential to Occur–There is a historical record of the species in the vicinity of the Project Site and potentially suitable habitat onsite, but existing conditions, such as
density of cover, prevalence of non-native species, evidence of disturbance, limited habitat area, isolation, substantially reduce the possibility that the species may occur.
The Site is above or below the recognized elevation limits for this species.
Moderate Potential to Occur–The diagnostic habitats associated with the species occur on or in the immediate vicinity of the Project Site, but there is not a recorded
occurrence of the species within the immediate vicinity (within one mile). Some species that contain extremely limited distributions may be considered moderate, even if
there is a recorded occurrence in the immediate vicinity. High Potential to Occur–There is both suitable habitat associated with the species and a historical record of the species on or in the immediate vicinity of the Project Site
(within one mile).
Species Present–The species was observed on the Project Site at the time of the survey or during a previous biological survey
Appendix D
Sensitive Animal Species with
Potential to Occur
Appendix D: Sensitive Animal Species Potential to Occur for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
D-1
Scientific Name Common Name Status Habitat Associations Potential to Occur
INVERTEBRATES
Branchinecta
sandiegonensis
San Diego fairy shrimp FE / --
HMP Covered Species;
Narrow Endemic
Restricted to vernal pools and other
ephemeral basin in southern California
from coastal Orange County to San Diego
County. Found in seasonally astatic pools
which occur in tectonic swales or earth
slump basins and other areas of shallow,
standing water often in patches of
grassland and agriculture interspersed in
coastal sage scrub and chaparral.
Low Potential to Occur. Although
the species has been previously
recorded southwest of the
project site within HMP Hardline
Preserve, suitable habitat does
not occur within the project site
for this species.
Streptocephalus woottoni Riverside fairy shrimp FE / --
HMP Covered Species;
Narrow Endemic
In California, occurs from Los Angeles
County south to coastal San Diego County,
and east to western Riverside County.
Found in deep seasonal vernal pools,
ephemeral ponds, stock ponds, and other
human modified depressions at least 30
centimeters deep. Associated with
grasslands, which may be interspersed
through chaparral or coastal sage scrub
vegetation.
Not Likely to Occur. Suitable
vernal pool habitat does not
occur within the project site, and
the species has not been
recorded within the immediate
vicinity.
Cicindela latesignata
latesignata
western beach tiger
beetle
-- / --
Inhabits mudflats and beaches in coastal
San Diego County.
Not Likely to Occur. Suitable
mudflat and beach habitat does
not occur within the project site.
Tryonia imitator mimic tryonia -- / -- Very small water snail occurring along
coastal California from Sonoma County
south to San Diego County. Inhabits brackish waters of coastal lagoons, creeks,
sloughs, and marshes.
Not Likely to Occur. Suitable
brackish wetland habitat does
not occur within the project site.
Bombus crotchii Crotch’s bumble bee -- / SC Inhabits shrublands and open grasslands
with suitable floral resources. Primarily
nests underground and forages on a wide
variety of flowers, but a short tongue
renders it best suited to open flowers with
short corollas. Most commonly observed
on plant species in the Fabaceae,
Asteraceae, and Lamiaceae families.
Low Potential to Occur. Species
has low potential to occupy the
project site based on the site
consisting primarily of existing
paved roadway, and unpaved
areas supporting only limited
distribution of potential floral
resources in a highly disturbed
and constrained location.
Appendix D: Sensitive Animal Species Potential to Occur for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
D-2
Scientific Name Common Name Status Habitat Associations Potential to Occur
Reptiles
Arizona elegans
occidentalis
California glossy snake -- / SSC
Occurs along the coastal regions of
California from San Francisco south to San
Diego County; though it is absent along the
central coast. Inhabits arid scrub, rocky
washes, grasslands, and chaparral. Prefers
open areas and areas with soils loose
enough for easy burrowing.
Low Potential to Occur. Open
areas with suitable scrub and
grassland habitat are present
within the edges of and alongside
the project site, however
surrounding development
reduces the likelihood of this
species traveling to and occurring
onsite.
Aspidoscelis hyperythra
beldingi
Belding’s orange-
throated whiptail
-- / --
HMP Covered Species
Found within the southwestern portion of
California in southern San Bernardino,
western Riverside, Orange, and San Diego
counties on the western slopes of the
Peninsular Ranges at elevations below
3,500 feet. Suitable habitat includes coastal
sage scrub, chaparral, juniper woodland,
oak woodland, and grasslands along with
alluvial fan scrub and riparian areas.
Occurrence of the species is correlated with
the presence perennial plants which
provide a food base for its major food
source, termites.
Low Potential to Occur. Open
areas with suitable scrub and
grassland habitat are present
within the edges of and alongside
the project site, however
surrounding development
reduces the likelihood of this
species traveling to and occurring
onsite.
Birds
Charadrius nivosus nivosus western snowy plover FT / SSC
HMP Covered Species
Breeds and winters along the coast of
California. Nesting habitat includes sand
spits, dune-backed beaches, beaches at
creek and river mouths, and salt pans at
lagoons and estuaries within 50 miles of
the ocean. Prefers sand, silt, or dry mud
with even surface, avoiding rocky or broken
ground. Exhibits high breeding site fidelity.
In winter, found on many of the beaches
used for nesting, as well as others where
they do not nest. Also occurs in constructed
salt ponds and on estuarine sand and mud
flats.
Low Potential to Occur. Although
the species has previously been
recorded along the beach to the
west of the project site, suitable
sandy soils and saline wetland
habitat do not occur within the
project site.
Appendix D: Sensitive Animal Species Potential to Occur for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
D-3
Scientific Name Common Name Status Habitat Associations Potential to Occur
Sternula antillarum browni California least tern FE / SE
-- / FP HMP Covered Species
Occurs locally along California coastal
regions breeding in colonies from San Francisco Bay south to San Diego County.
Nests on relatively bare or sparsely
vegetation beaches and mudflats near
water. Forages in the bays and estuaries
near their colonies, on the ocean near
shore, and at inland lakes in the coastal
lowland. In San Diego nesting sites occur at
Aliso Creek, the Santa Margarita River
mouth, Batiquitos Lagoon, San Elijo Lagoon,
Mission Bay, Naval Training Center in the San Diego Bay, salt works, and Tijuana River
mouth.
Not Likely to Occur. Suitable
beach and mudflat nesting habitat and foraging habitat do
not occur within the project site.
Rallus obsoletus levipes light-footed Ridgway’s
rail
FE / SE
-- / FP
HMP Covered Species
One of six recognized subspecies occurring
as a resident in coastal salt marshes and
lagoons from Santa Barbara County south
to Baja California. The species is found
primarily in tall, dense cordgrass and
occasionally pickleweed (Salicornia ssp.) in
the low marsh zone. Also found in
freshwater marshes in winter.
Not Likely to Occur. Suitable
marsh habitat does not occur
within the project site.
Passerculus sandwichensis
beldingi
Belding’s savannah
sparrow
BCC / SE
HMP Covered Species
Year-round resident of coastal salt marshes
within southern California from Santa
Barbara County south to San Diego County.
Particularly associated with salt marsh
habitat dominated by dense pickleweed
(Salicornia ssp.) within which most nests
are found.
Not Likely to Occur. Suitable salt
marsh habitat does not occur
within the project site.
Appendix D: Sensitive Animal Species Potential to Occur for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
D-4
Scientific Name Common Name Status Habitat Associations Potential to Occur
Polioptila californica
californica
coastal California
gnatcatcher
FT / SSC
HMP Covered Species
Year-round resident of California occurring
from Ventura County south to San Diego County, and east to the western portions of
San Bernardino and Riverside Counties.
Typically occurs in arid, open sage scrub
habitats on gently slopes hillsides to
relatively flat areas at elevations below
3,000 feet. Composition of sage scrub in
which gnatcatchers are found varies
though California sagebrush (Artemisia
californica) present as dominant or co-
dominant species. Mostly absent from areas dominated by black sage (Salvia
mellifera), white sage (Salvia apiana), or
lemonade berry (Rhus integrifolia), though
may occur more regularly in inland regions
dominated by black sage.
Moderate Potential to Occur.
Although suitable sage scrub habitat is limited and disturbed
within the project site, the
species has been previously
recorded nearby including
immediately west of the central
portion, and approximately one
mile south of the southern
portion of the project site.
Campylorhynchus
brunneicapillus
sandiegensis
coastal cactus wren BCC / SSC One of seven subspecies occurring
restricted to southern California from
southern Orange County and San Diego
County. Occupies native scrub vegetation
with thickets of mature cacti consisting of
cholla (Cylindropuntia spp.) or prickly-pear
cactus (Opuntia littoralis). Cacti must be tall enough to support and protect the bird’s
nest (typically 3 feet or more in height).
Surrounding vegetation usually consists of
coastal sage scrub habitat with shrubs
normally below the level of nest
placement.
Not Likely to Occur. Suitable sage
scrub is present within the
project site, however required
thickets of mature cacti are not
present.
Appendix D: Sensitive Animal Species Potential to Occur for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
D-5
Scientific Name Common Name Status Habitat Associations Potential to Occur
Vireo bellii pusillus least Bell’s vireo FE / SE
HMP Covered Species
In California, breeds along the coast and
western edge of the Mojave Desert from Santa Barbara County south to San Diego
County, and east to Inyo, San Bernardino,
and Riverside Counties. Breeding habitat
consists of early to mid-successional
riparian habitat, often where flowing water
is present, but also found in dry
watercourses within the desert. A
structurally diverse canopy and dense
shrub cover is required for nesting and
foraging. Dominant species within breeding habitat includes cottonwood (Populus spp.)
and willows (Salix spp.) with mule fat
(Baccharis salicifolia), oaks (Quercus ssp.),
and sycamore (Platanus racemosa), and
mesquite (Prosopis spp.) and arrowweed
(Pluchea sericea) within desert habitats.
Can be tolerant of the presence of non-
native species such as tamarisk (Tamarix
spp.).
Low Potential to Occur. Suitable
riparian habitat is very limited within and adjacent to the
project site, consisting of a single
isolated stand of habitat totaling
less than 0.1 acre. The species is
not expected to occur in or
adjacent to the project limits due
to the very small size of suitable
habitat present and general lack
of larger expanses of suitable
habitat in the vicinity. A single USFWS/CNDDB record of this
species occurs in the project
vicinity as an incidental detection
west of the railroad in 2002.
1 Listing codes are as follows: FE = Federally Endangered; FT = Federally Threatened; FC= Federal Candidate species; BCC = Birds of Conservation Concern; SE = State of California
Endangered; SC = State Candidate species; FP = State of California Fully Protected; WL = State of California Watch List; SSC = State of California Species of Special Concern.
2 City of Carlsbad Habitat Management Plan (HMP) Covered Species; Narrow Endemic = Animals that only occur within the area.
Not Likely to Occur - There are no present or historical records of the species occurring on or in the immediate vicinity, (within one mile) of the Project Site and the diagnostic
habitats strongly associated with the species do not occur on or in the immediate vicinity of the Site.
Low Potential to Occur - There is a historical record of the species in the vicinity of the Project Site and potentially suitable habitat on Site, but existing conditions, such as density
of cover, prevalence of non-native species, evidence of disturbance, limited habitat area, isolation, substantially reduce the possibility that the species may occur. The Site is
above or below the recognized elevation limits for this species.
Moderate Potential to Occur - The diagnostic habitats associated with the species occur on or in the immediate vicinity of the Project Site, but there is not a recorded
occurrence of the species within the immediate vicinity (within one mile). Some species that contain extremely limited distributions may be considered moderate, even if there is
a recorded occurrence in the immediate vicinity.
High Potential to Occur - There is both suitable habitat associated with the species and a historical record of the species on or in the immediate vicinity of the Project Site (within
one mile).
Species Present - The species was observed on the Project Site at the time of the survey or during a previous biological survey
Appendix C
Cultural Resources Survey Report
Mary Robbins-WadeCultural Resources Group Manager
Avenida Encinas Coastal
Rail Trail and Pedestrian
Improvements Project
Cultural Resources Survey Report
October 2025 | 02230.00016.001
Submitted to:
The City of CarlsbadDepartment of Public Works1635 Faraday AvenueCarlsbad, CA 92008-2428
Prepared for:
Nasland Engineering4740 Ruffner Street
San Diego, CA 92111
Prepared by:
HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc.
7578 El Cajon Boulevard
La Mesa, CA 91942
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National Archaeological Database Information
Authors: Nicole Falvey and Mary Robbins-Wade
Firm: HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc.
Client/Project: Nasland Engineering/ Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian
Improvements Project
Report Date: October 2025
Report Title: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements
Project, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California
Submitted to: City of Carlsbad
Type of Study: Cultural Resources Survey
New Sites: None
Updated Sites: None
USGS Quad: Encinitas 7.5' Quadrangle
Acreage: Approximately 9.85 acres
Key Words: City of Carlsbad, San Diego County; Township 12 South, Range 4 West;
Avenida Encinas; Palomar Airport Road; Poinsettia Coaster Station
Driveway; negative archaeological survey
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i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section Page
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ............................................................................................................................. ES-1
1.0 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 1
1.1 Project Location .................................................................................................................. 1
1.2 Project Description ............................................................................................................. 1
1.3 Project Personnel ................................................................................................................ 2
1.4 Regulatory Framework ....................................................................................................... 2
1.4.1 Federal ................................................................................................................... 2
1.4.2 State ....................................................................................................................... 2
1.4.3 City of Carlsbad ...................................................................................................... 3
1.4.4 Native American Heritage Values .......................................................................... 6
2.0 PROJECT SETTING ............................................................................................................................. 7
2.1 Natural Setting .................................................................................................................... 7
2.2 Cultural Setting ................................................................................................................... 7
2.2.1 Prehistoric Period .................................................................................................. 7
2.2.2 Ethnohistory........................................................................................................... 8
2.3 Historical Background ......................................................................................................... 9
2.3.1 Spanish Period ....................................................................................................... 9
2.3.2 Mexican Period ...................................................................................................... 9
3.0 METHODS ....................................................................................................................................... 11
3.1 Records Search .................................................................................................................. 11
3.2 Other Archival Research ................................................................................................... 11
3.3 Native American Contact Program ................................................................................... 12
3.4 Survey Methodology ......................................................................................................... 12
4.0 RESULTS ......................................................................................................................................... 12
4.1 Records Search .................................................................................................................. 12
4.1.1 Previous Surveys .................................................................................................. 12
4.1.2 Previously Recorded Resources ........................................................................... 13
4.2 Archival Research .............................................................................................................. 15
4.3 NAtive american outreach ................................................................................................ 16
4.4 Survey ............................................................................................................................... 16
5.0 SUMMARY AND MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................ 17
5.1 Management Recommendations ..................................................................................... 17
6.0 REFERENCES ................................................................................................................................... 19
ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS
LIST OF APPENDICES
A Resumes of Key Personnel
B Records Search (Confidential, bound separately)
C Native American Outreach (Confidential, bound separately)
LIST OF FIGURES
No. Title Follows Page
1 Regional Location ............................................................................................................................. 2
2 USGS Topography ............................................................................................................................ 2
3 Aerial Vicinity ................................................................................................................................... 2
LIST OF TABLES
No. Title Page
1 Previous Studies Overlapping the Project Area ............................................................................. 12
2 Previously Recorded Resources within One-Half-Mile of the Project Area ................................... 14
LIST OF PLATES
No. Title Page
1 The eastern shoulder of Avenida Encinas, view to the northwest ................................................ 16
2 The western shoulder of Avenida Encinas, view to the north ....................................................... 17
iii
ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
AB Assembly Bill
AMSL above mean sea level
CCR California Code of Regulations
CEQA California Environmental Quality Act
CFR Code of Federal Regulations
CHRIS California Historical Resources Information System
City City of Carlsbad
CRHR California Register of Historical Resources
CRT Coastal Rail Trail
HELIX HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc.
I Interstate
LOSSAN Los Angeles-San Diego-San Luis Obispo
NAHC Native American Heritage Commission
NHPA National Historic Preservation Act
NRHP National Register of Historic Places
OHP Office of Historic Preservation
PRC Public Resources Code
SCIC South Coastal Information Center
TCP Traditional Cultural Properties
TCR Tribal Cultural Resources
USGS U.S. Geological Survey
iv
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Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project | October 2025
ES-1
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Nasland Engineering contracted HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc. (HELIX) to conduct a cultural
resources study for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project (project)
in the City of Carlsbad (City), San Diego County, California. The project is located along Avenida Encinas
from Palomar Airport Road in the north to a point just south of the Poinsettia Coaster Station Driveway
in the south. Proposed improvements include a Class II bike lane along both sides of Avenida Encinas,
roadway widening, new pavement, new sidewalks, curb ramps, center landscaped medians,
landscaping, biofiltration swales, lighting, fencing, and retaining walls. HELIX conducted a cultural
resources study, including a records search, Sacred Lands File search, Native American outreach, a
review of historic aerial photographs and maps, and a pedestrian survey for the project area. This report
details the methods and results of the cultural resources study and has been prepared to comply with
the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation
Act (NHPA) of 1966, as amended.
The records search conducted at the South Coastal Information Center (SCIC) on July 12, 2023, indicated
that 80 previous cultural resources studies have been conducted within one half-mile of the project
area, 18 of which included all or a portion of the project area. The records search results also indicated
that a total of 22 cultural resources have been previously recorded within one half-mile of the project
area; however, no cultural resources have been recorded within the project area itself.
Additional archival research of aerial photographs and historical topographic maps shows that the
project area was subject to agricultural activity since at least the 1880s, and Avenida Encinas was
established by 1967; however, the depth of past disturbance is unknown. The majority of the
surrounding area has been developed for commercial and residential use over the past five decades.
HELIX contacted the Native American Heritage Commission (NAHC) on July 12, 2023, to request a Sacred
Lands File search and a list of tribal contacts. The results, received on July 31, 2023, indicated that there
are no tribal resources recorded within the project vicinity. HELIX sent letters to the tribal contacts
provided on January 16, 2024. As of the date of this report, two responses have been received from the
Rincon Band of Luiseño Indians and the San Pasqual Band of Mission Indians expressing concerns and
requesting to consult. If additional tribal responses are received, they will be provided to City staff.
The field investigations included an intensive pedestrian survey of the project area by a HELIX
archaeologist and a Luiseño Native American monitor on July 28, 2023. The survey did not result in the
identification of any cultural material within the project area.
Based on the results of the current study, no known cultural resources would be affected by the Avenida
Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project. However, due to the presence of deep
alluvium soils, which have the potential to yield buried cultural resources, and the unknown depth of
past ground disturbance, it is recommended that initial ground-disturbing activities be monitored by a
qualified archaeologist and a Native American monitor. The monitoring program would include
attendance by the archaeologist and Native American monitor at a preconstruction meeting with the
grading contractor and the presence of archaeological and Native American monitors during ground-
disturbing activities in undisturbed soils on site. Both archaeological and Native American monitors
would have the authority to temporarily halt or redirect grading and other ground-disturbing activity in
the event that cultural resources are encountered. If significant cultural material is encountered, the
project archaeologist and monitoring tribe will coordinate with the applicant and City staff to develop
and implement appropriate treatment or mitigation measures.
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Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project | October 2025
ES-2
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Cultural Resources Survey Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail
Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project | October 2025
1
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Nasland Engineering contracted HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc. (HELIX) to provide cultural resources
services for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project (project) in the
City of Carlsbad (City), San Diego County, California. The project proposes to install improvements along
Avenida Encinas, including a Class II bike lane along both sides of Avenida Encinas, roadway widening,
new pavement, new sidewalks, curb ramps, center landscaped medians, landscaping, biofiltration
swales, lighting, fencing, and retaining walls. HELIX conducted a cultural resources study, including a
records search, Sacred Lands File search, Native American outreach, a review of historic aerial
photographs and maps, and a pedestrian survey for the project area. This report details the methods
and results of the cultural resources study and has been prepared to comply with the California
Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA) of
1966, as amended.
1.1 PROJECT LOCATION
The project is located in the City of Carlsbad in northwestern San Diego County, a short distance west of
Interstate (I-) 5 (Figure 1, Regional Location). The project is located in the southeastern quarter of
Section 20 and the northeastern quarter of Section 29, Township 12 South, Range 4 West, on the U.S.
Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5' Encinitas quadrangle (Figure 2, USGS Topography). The approximately
9.85-acre project alignment extends along Avenida Encinas from Palomar Airport Road in the north to a
point just south of the Poinsettia Coaster Station Driveway in the south (Figure 3, Aerial Vicinity).
1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The City of Carlsbad proposes to construct roadway, bikeway, and pedestrian improvements along an
approximately one-mile segment of Avenida Encinas between Palomar Airport Road and a point just
south of the Poinsettia Coaster Station Driveway in the western portion of the City. The project
alignment is situated between Interstate 5 and the Los Angeles-San Diego-San Luis Obispo (LOSSAN) rail
corridor and is entirely within the Coastal Zone.
Proposed improvements would entail implementation of Reach 5 of the city’s portion of the Coastal Rail
Trail (CRT), a planned regional bicycle route that runs approximately 42 miles between Oceanside and
Santa Fe Depot in Downtown San Diego. Various segments of the CRT have been constructed in
Oceanside, Carlsbad, and Encinitas, including Reach 1 (along Carlsbad Boulevard from State Street to the
northern city boundary over Buena Vista Lagoon) and Reach 2 (between Tamarack Avenue and Oak
Avenue) in Carlsbad. In addition, in 2024, the city completed another portion of the CRT south of the
project and along Avenida Encinas between Poinsettia Lane and Windrose Circle. This portion of the CRT
proposed by the project, Reach 5 (from Palomar Airport Road to a point just south of the Poinsettia
Coaster Station Driveway), would include a Class II bike lane along both sides of Avenida Encinas,
consisting of a six-foot-wide striped bike lane within the roadway. Other improvements would include
roadway widening, new pavement, new sidewalks, curb ramps, center landscaped medians,
landscaping, biofiltration swales, lighting, fencing, and retaining walls.
The project alignment occurs within a developed area comprised of commercial, industrial,
transportation, and residential land uses. The majority of the project site is composed of developed land
and disturbed habitat, with relatively small areas of wetland and native upland habitats. Surrounding
Cultural Resources Survey Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail
Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project | October 2025
2
land uses include Palomar Airport Road to the north; North County Transit District railroad right-of-way
to the west; the Poinsettia Coaster Station to the south; and a gas station, business parks, car
dealership, a wastewater treatment plant, and undeveloped land to the east. Figure 1 shows the
regional location of the project, Figure 2 depicts the project site on a USGS topographical map, and
Figure 3 consists of an aerial photograph of the project site and surroundings, along with the proposed
alignment.
1.3 PROJECT PERSONNEL
Mary Robbins-Wade, M.A., R.P.A., served as the principal investigator and provided project oversight
and senior technical review. Nicole Falvey, B.A., acted as project manager and co-authored this report.
Jessica Garcia, B.A., conducted the field survey. Resumes of key HELIX personnel are included as
Appendix A. Luiseño Native American monitor Aleshanee Ventura from Saving Sacred Sites (San Luis Rey
Band of Mission Indians) participated in the survey.
1.4 REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
1.4.1 Federal
If there is a federal nexus for the project (e.g., permitting or funding from a federal agency), regulations
that would be applicable to the project consist of the NHPA and its implementing regulations (16 United
States Code 470 et seq., 36 Code of Federal Regulations [CFR] Part 800). Section 106 of the NHPA
requires Federal agencies to take into account the effects of their undertakings on “historic properties”,
that is, properties (either historic or archaeological) that are eligible for the National Register of Historic
Places (NRHP). To be eligible for the NRHP, a historic property must be significant at the local, state, or
national level under one or more of the following four criteria:
A. associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our
history;
B. associated with the lives of persons significant in our past;
C. embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, or method of construction, or that
represents the work of a master, or that possesses high artistic values, or that represents a
significant and distinguishable entity whose components may lack individual distinction; and/or
D. has yielded or may be likely to yield, information important in prehistory or history.
1.4.2 State
The CEQA, Public Resources Code (PRC) 21084.1, and California Code of Regulations (CCR) Title 14
Section 15064.5, address determining the significance of impacts to archaeological and historic
resources and discuss significant cultural resources as “historical resources,” which are defined as:
• resource(s) listed or determined eligible by the State Historical Resources Commission for listing
in the California Register of Historical Resources (CRHR; 14 CCR Section 15064.5[a][1])
Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Im rovements Pro·ect
Cultural Resources Survey Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail
Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project | October 2025
3
• resource(s) either listed in the NRHP or in a “local register of historical resources” or identified
as significant in a historical resource survey meeting the requirements of Section 5024.1(g) of
the PRC, unless “the preponderance of evidence demonstrates that it is not historically or
culturally significant” (14 CCR Section 15064.5[a][2])
• resources determined by the Lead Agency to meet the criteria for listing on the CRHR (14 CCR
Section 15064.5[a][3])
For listing in the CRHR, a historical resource must be significant at the local, state, or national level under
one or more of the following four criteria:
1. It is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of
local or regional history, or the cultural heritage of California or the United States;
2. It is associated with the lives of persons important to local, California, or national history;
3. It embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, period, region, or method of construction,
or represents the work of a master or possesses high artistic values;
4. It has yielded or has the potential to yield information important to the prehistory or history of
the local area, California, or the nation.
Under 14 CCR Section 15064.5(a)(4), a resource may also be considered a “historical resource” for the
purposes of CEQA at the discretion of the lead agency.
Significant resources must retain enough of their historic character or appearance to be recognizable as
historical resources and to convey the reasons for their significance. Resource integrity, which is the
authenticity of a historical resource’s physical identity evidenced by the survival of characteristics that
existed during the resource’s period of significance, is evaluated with regard to the retention of location,
design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling, and association. In an archaeological deposit, integrity
is assessed with reference to the preservation of material constituents and their culturally and
historically meaningful spatial relationships. A resource must also be judged with reference to the
particular CRHR criteria under which it is proposed for eligibility.
1.4.3 City of Carlsbad
In 1990, the City developed guidelines for the treatment of cultural resources. The guidelines were
consistent with the cultural and historical resource guidelines set forth by the NHPA, as amended, and
CEQA, established standards of performance for resource investigation, and presented a systematic
method of preserving identified resources. Carlsbad City Council Policy No. 83, adopted in 2016, called
for the City to: “recognize [the City’s] responsibility to protect with improved certainty the important
historical and cultural values of current Tribal Cultural Resources within the City limits and to establish
an improved framework for the City's consultations with Native American Tribes that are traditionally
and culturally affiliated with the City of Carlsbad, including the San Luis Rey Band of Mission Indians.”
In 2017, updated Tribal, Cultural and Paleontological Guidelines were released to address the regulatory
changes and the addition of new procedures to address additional requirements that had emerged since
1990. The guidelines provide a framework for the roles and responsibilities of those responsible for
Cultural Resources Survey Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail
Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project | October 2025
4
compliance with the Guidelines and provide the processes by which cultural resources are assessed under
the Guidelines.
1.4.3.1 City of Carlsbad General Plan
The goals and policies detailed in the City’s General Plan “Arts, History, Cultural, and Education Element”
section are as follows:
Goal 7-G-1: Recognize, protect, preserve, and enhance the city’s diverse heritage.
Policy 7-P.1 Prepare an updated inventory of historic resources in Carlsbad, with
recommendations for specific properties and districts to be designated in national, state, and
local registries, if determined appropriate and with the agreement of the property owners.
Policy 7-P.2 Encourage the use of regional, state, and federal programs that promote cultural
preservation to upgrade and redevelop properties with historic or cultural value. Consider
becoming a participant in the Mills Act tax incentive program.
Policy 7-P.5 Encourage the rehabilitation of qualified historic structures through the application
of the California Historical Building Code.
Policy 7-P.6 Ensure compliance with the City of Carlsbad Cultural Resource Guidelines to avoid
or substantially reduce impacts to historic structures listed or eligible to be listed in the National
Register of Historic Places or the California Register of Historical Resources.
Policy 7-P.7 Implement the City of Carlsbad Cultural Resources Guidelines to avoid or
substantially reduce impacts to archaeological and paleontological resources.
Policy 7-P.8 During construction of specific development projects, require monitoring of
grading, ground-disturbing, and other major earth-moving activities in previously undisturbed
areas or in areas with known archaeological or paleontological resources by a qualified
professional, as well as a tribal monitor during activities in areas with cultural resources of
interest to local Native American tribes. Both the qualified professional and tribal monitor shall
observe grading, ground-disturbing, and other earth-moving activities.
Policy 7-P.9 Ensure that treatment of any cultural resources discovered during site grading
complies with the City of Carlsbad Cultural Resource Guidelines. Determination of the
significance of the cultural resource(s) and development and implementation of any data
recovery program shall be conducted in consultation with interested Native American tribes. All
Native American human remains and associated grave goods shall be returned to their most
likely descendent and repatriated. The final disposition of artifacts not directly associated with
Native American graves shall be negotiated during consultation with interested tribes; if the
artifact is not accepted by Native American tribes, it shall be offered to an institution staffed by
qualified professionals, as may be determined by the City Planner. Artifacts include material
recovered from all phases of work, including the initial survey, testing, indexing, data recovery,
and monitoring.
Policy 7-P.10 Require consultation with the appropriate organizations and individuals (e.g.,
Information Centers of the California Historical Resources Information Systems [CHRIS], the
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Native American Heritage Commission [NAHC], and Native American groups and individuals) to
minimize potential impacts to cultural resources that may occur as a result of a proposed
project.
Policy 7-P.11 Before occupancy of any buildings, a cultural resource monitoring report
identifying all materials recovered shall be submitted to the City Planner.
Goal 7-G.2: Make Carlsbad’s history more visible and accessible to residents and visitors.
Policy 7-P.3 Formalize a program of historical markers/plaques at resources in state and
national registers or of local importance.
Policy 7-P.4 Promote community education of historic resources, integration, and celebration of
such resources as part of community events:
a. Enhance the community’s recognition that objects of historic importance increase both
fiscal and community value.
b. Promote the use of historic resources for the education, pleasure, and welfare of the
people of the City. Cooperate with historic societies, schools, libraries, parks, and
community members to stimulate public interest in historic preservation.
c. Maintain historical reference materials on file at the Carlsbad City Library.
1.4.3.2 City of Carlsbad Municipal Code
Section 22.06.020 of the City’s Municipal Code includes the following criteria for cultural resource
assessment:
A. A historic resource may be considered and approved by the council for inclusion in the historic
resources inventory based on one or more of the following:
B. It exemplifies or reflects special elements of the city’s cultural, social, economic, political,
aesthetic, engineering or architectural history; or
C. It is identified with persons or events significant in local, state, or national history; or
D. It embodies distinctive characteristics of a style, type, period, or method of construction, is a
valuable example of the use of indigenous materials or craftsmanship or is representative of a
notable work of an acclaimed builder, designer, or architect; or
E. It is an archaeological, paleontological, botanical, geological, topographical, ecological, or
geographical site, which has the potential of yielding information of scientific value; or
F. It is a geographically definable area with a concentration of buildings, structures, improvements,
or objects linked historically through location, design, setting, materials, workmanship, feeling,
and/or association, in which the collective value of the improvements may be greater than the
value of each individual improvement. (Ord. NS-433 §3, 1997; Ord. NS-141 §5, 1991; Ord. 9776
§1, 1985).
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1.4.3.3 Local Coastal Program
The project is located in the Mello II segment of the City’s Local Coastal Program. The following
archaeological policy is provided for the Mello II segment of the City’s Coastal Zone:
• The environmental impact review process will determine where development will adversely
affect archaeological and paleontological resources. A site-specific review should also determine
the most appropriate methods for mitigating these effects. Most importantly, the City of
Carlsbad should require the implementation of these measures.
1.4.4 Native American Heritage Values
Federal and state laws mandate that consideration be given to the concerns of contemporary Native
Americans with regard to potentially ancestral human remains, associated funerary objects, and items
of cultural patrimony. Consequently, an important element in assessing the significance of the study site
has been to evaluate the likelihood that these classes of items are present in areas that would be
affected by the proposed project.
Potentially relevant to prehistoric archaeological sites is the category termed Traditional Cultural
Properties (TCP) in discussions of cultural resource management performed under federal auspices.
According to Patricia L. Parker and Thomas F. King (1998), “Traditional” in this context refers to those
beliefs, customs, and practices of a living community of people that have been passed down through the
generations, usually orally or through practice. The traditional cultural significance of a historic property,
then, is significance derived from the role the property plays in a community's historically rooted beliefs,
customs, and practices. Cultural resources can include TCPs, such as gathering areas, landmarks, and
ethnographic locations, in addition to archaeological districts. Generally, a TCP may consist of a single
site, or group of associated archaeological sites (district or traditional cultural landscape area), or an
area of cultural/ethnographic importance.
In California, the Traditional Tribal Cultural Places Bill of 2004 requires local governments to consult with
Native American Tribes during the project planning process, specifically before adopting or amending a
General Plan or a Specific Plan, or when designating land as open space for the purpose of protecting
Native American cultural places. The intent of this legislation is to encourage consultation and assist in
the preservation of Native American places of prehistoric, archaeological, cultural, spiritual, and
ceremonial importance. State Assembly Bill (AB) 52, effective July 1, 2015, introduced the Tribal Cultural
Resource (TCR) as a class of cultural resource and additional considerations relating to Native American
consultation into CEQA. As a general concept, a TCR is similar to the federally defined TCP; however, it
incorporates consideration of local and state significance and the required mitigation under CEQA. A TCR
may be considered significant if included in a local or state register of historical resources; or
determined by the lead agency to be significant pursuant to criteria set forth in PRC §5024.1; or is a
geographically defined cultural landscape area that meets one or more of these criteria; or is a historical
resource described in PRC §21084.1, a unique archaeological resource described PRC §21083.2; or is a
non-unique archaeological resource if it conforms with the above criteria.
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2.0 PROJECT SETTING
2.1 NATURAL SETTING
The project area is situated within the coastal province of northwestern San Diego County, where the
climate is characterized as semi-arid steppe, with warm, dry summers and cool, moist winters, but
lacking in the precipitation found within the Mediterranean climate within the peninsular range
province of the County (Pryde 2004). The project is located north of Batiquitos Lagoon and has a natural
drainage running through it along Canyon de las Encinas. Elevations within the project area range
between 31 feet above mean sea level (AMSL) at the Canyon de las Encinas crossing to 71 feet AMSL at
the northern terminus.
Geologically, the project area is underlain by alluvial floodplain deposits dating to the late Holocene
around Canyon de las Encinas and very old paralic deposits dating to the middle to early Pleistocene
within the rest of the project area (Kennedy and Tan 2007). Three soil types are mapped within the
project area, including Huerhuero loam, 2 to 9 percent slopes; Marina loamy coarse sand, 2 to 9 percent
slopes; and tidal flats (Natural Resources Conservation Services 2024). Huerhuero loam covers the
northern half of the project alignment from Palomar Airport Road to approximately 0.55 mile south.
Huerhuero soils consist of moderately well-drained loams with a clay subsoil that are formed in alluvium
derived from material weathering from sandstone and other sedimentary rocks and would generally
support a variety of non-native species, as well as annual grasses and forbs (Bowman 1973). Marina
loam covers the majority of the southern portion of the project alignment, from Poinsettia Coaster
Station Driveway in the south approximately 0.3 mile northward. Marina soils consist of excessively well-
drained loamy coarse sand that gives way to loamy sand at 10 to 57 inches below the surface and to
sand at 57 to 30 inches below the surface (Natural Resources Conservation Service 2024). This soil series
supports chamise, sumac, sagebrush, flattop buckwheat, and annual grasses and forbs (Bowman 1973).
Tidal flats cover a small portion of the project alignment around the Canyon de las Encinas, where a
small drainage runs, between the Huerhuero and Marina soil series’; tidal flats are generally barren and
range in texture from clay to very fine sand; this soil occurs in areas periodically covered by tidal water
and can support salt-tolerant vegetation in higher elevation areas (Bowman 1973).
The only native vegetation HELIX biological surveys identified was a total of 0.36 acre of Diegan coastal
sage scrub and southern willow scrub. The remaining vegetation consists of disturbed habitat and
wetlands and non-native grasses (HELIX 2024). Many of the Diegan coastal sage scrub and southern
willow scrub plant species would have been used by native populations for food, medicine, tools, and
ceremonial and other uses, as would native grasses that were probably present prehistorically (Bean and
Shipek 1978; Christenson 1990; Hedges and Beresford 1986). The estuarine environment of the nearby
Batiquitos Lagoon and Agua Hedionda Lagoon, as well as the coastal environment, would have provided
a diverse range of subsistence resources for native populations in the area, including many of the animal
species living within these communities (such as shellfish, fish, rabbits, deer, small mammals, and birds).
2.2 CULTURAL SETTING
2.2.1 Prehistoric Period
The earliest well-documented sites in the San Diego area belong to the San Dieguito Tradition, dating to
over 9,000 years ago (Warren 1967; Warren et al. 1998). Most researchers think the San Dieguito
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Tradition had an emphasis on big game hunting and coastal resources (Warren 1967). Diagnostic
material culture associated with the San Dieguito complex includes scrapers, scraper planes, choppers,
large blades, and large projectile points (Rogers 1939; Warren 1967). In the southern coastal region, the
traditional view of San Diego’s prehistory has the San Dieguito Tradition followed by the Archaic Period,
dating from circa 8600 years Before Present (BP) to circa 1300 BP (Warren et al. 1998).
A large number of archaeological site assemblages dating to this period have been identified at a range
of coastal and inland sites. These assemblages, designated as the La Jolla/Pauma complexes, are
considered part of Warren’s (1968) “Encinitas tradition” and Wallace’s (1955) “Early Milling Stone
Horizon.” The Encinitas tradition is generally “recognized by milling stone assemblages in shell middens,
often near sloughs and lagoons” (Moratto 1984:147) and brings a shift toward a more generalized
economy and an increased emphasis on seed resources, small game, and shellfish. The local cultural
manifestations of the Archaic period are called the La Jollan complex along the coast and the Pauma
complex inland. Pauma complex sites lack the shell that dominates many La Jollan complex site
assemblages. Sites dating to the Archaic Period are numerous along the coast, near-coastal valleys, and
around estuaries. In the inland areas of San Diego County, sites associated with the Archaic Period are
less common relative to the Late Prehistoric complexes that succeed them (Cooley and Barrie 2004;
Laylander and Christenson 1988; Raven-Jennings and Smith 1999; True 1970). The La Jolla/Pauma
complex tool assemblage is dominated by rough cobble tools, especially choppers and scrapers
(Moriarty 1966). The La Jolla/Pauma complex tool assemblage also includes manos and metates;
terrestrial and marine mammal remains; flexed burials; doughnut stones; discoidals; stone balls;
plummets; biface points; beads; and bone tools (True 1958, 1980).
While there has been considerable debate about whether San Dieguito and La Jollan patterns might
represent the same people using different environments and subsistence techniques, or whether they
are separate cultural patterns (e.g., Bull 1983; Ezell 1987; Gallegos 1987; Warren et al. 1998), abrupt
shifts in subsistence and new tool technologies occur at the onset of the Late Prehistoric Period (1500
BP to AD 1769). The Late Prehistoric period is characterized by higher population densities and
intensification of social, political, and technological systems. The Late Prehistoric period is represented
by the San Luis Rey complex in the northern portion of San Diego County and the Cuyamaca complex in
the southern portion. Late Prehistoric artifactual material is characterized by Tizon Brown Ware pottery,
various cobble-based tools (e.g., scrapers, choppers, and hammerstones), arrow shaft straighteners,
pendants, manos and metates, and mortars and pestles. The arrow point assemblage is dominated by
the Desert Side-notched and Cottonwood Triangular points, but the Dos Cabezas Serrated type also
occurs (Wilke and McDonald 1986). Subsistence is thought to be focused on the utilization of acorns and
grass seeds, with small game serving as a primary protein resource and big game as a secondary
resource. Fish and shellfish were also secondary resources, except immediately adjacent to the coast,
where they assumed primary importance (Bean and Shipek 1978; Sparkman 1908). The settlement
system is characterized by seasonal villages where people used a central-based collecting subsistence
strategy.
2.2.2 Ethnohistory
Based on ethnographic data, including the areas defined for the Hokan-based Yuman-speaking peoples
(Kumeyaay) and the Takic-speaking peoples (Luiseño) at the time of contact, it is generally accepted that
the Cuyamaca complex is associated with the Kumeyaay and the San Luis Rey complex with the Luiseño.
The name Luiseño derives from Mission San Luis Rey de Francia and has been used to refer to the Indian
people associated with that mission, while the Kumeyaay people are also known as Ipai, Tipai, or
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Diegueño (named for Mission San Diego de Alcala). Agua Hedionda Creek is often described as the
division between the territories of the Luiseño and the Kumeyaay people (Bean and Shipek 1978;
Luomala 1978), although various archaeologists and ethnographers use slightly different boundaries.
Traditional stories and songs of the Native people also describe the extent of traditional use areas.
At the time of Spanish contact, Yuman-speaking Kumeyaay bands occupied southern San Diego and
southwestern Imperial counties and northern Baja California. The Kumeyaay lived in semi-sedentary,
politically autonomous villages or rancherias. Most rancherias were the seat of a clan, although it is
thought that, aboriginally, some clans had more than one rancheria and some rancherias contained
more than one clan (Bean and Shipek 1978). Several sources indicate that large Kumeyaay villages or
rancherias were located in river valleys and along the shoreline of coastal estuaries (Bean and Shipek
1978; Brackett 1939; Hoover et al. 1966; Kroeber 1925).
In northern San Diego County and portions of Riverside County, the Late Prehistoric and historic periods
are represented by the San Luis Rey (SLR) complex. The SLR complex is divided into two phases: SLR I
and SLR II. Elements of the SLR complex include small, triangular, pressure-flaked projectile points
(generally Cottonwood series, but Desert Side-notched series also occurs); milling implements: mortars
and pestles, manos and metates, and bedrock milling features; bone awls; Olivella shell beads; other
stone and shell ornaments; and cremations (Meighan 1954; Moratto 1984; True et al. 1974). The later
SLR II complex also includes several elements not found in the SLR I complex: "pottery vessels,
cremation urns, red and black pictographs, and such nonaboriginal items as metal knives and glass
beads” (Meighan 1954:223). SLR I was originally thought to date from A.D. 1400 to A.D. 1750, with SLR II
dating between A.D. 1750 and A.D. 1850 (Meighan 1954). However, that division assumed that the
Luiseño did not practice pottery manufacture until just before the arrival of the Spanish. The chronology
has since been revised due to evidence that pottery may have been introduced to the Luiseño by their
southern neighbors, the Kumeyaay, circa A.D. 1200-1600 (True et al. 1974).
2.3 HISTORICAL BACKGROUND
2.3.1 Spanish Period
While Juan Rodriguez Cabrillo visited San Diego briefly in 1542, the beginning of the historic period in
the San Diego area is generally given as 1769. It was that year that the Royal Presidio of San Diego was
founded on a hill overlooking Mission Valley. The Mission San Diego de Alcala was constructed in its
current location five years later. The Spanish Colonial period lasted until 1821 and was characterized by
religious and military institutions bringing Spanish culture to the area and attempting to convert the
Native American population to Christianity. Mission San Diego was the first mission founded in Southern
California. Mission San Luis Rey, in Oceanside, was founded in 1798. Asistencias (chapels) were
established at Pala (1816) and Santa Ysabel (1818). The missions and presidios stood, literally and
figuratively, as symbols of Spanish colonialism, importing new systems of labor, demographics,
settlement, and economies to the area. Cattle ranching, animal husbandry, and agriculture were the
main pursuits of the missions.
2.3.2 Mexican Period
Although Mexico gained its independence from Spain in 1821, Spanish patterns of culture and influence
remained for a time. The missions continued to operate as they had in the past, and laws governing the
distribution of land were also retained in the 1820s. Following the secularization of the missions in 1834,
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large ranchos were granted to prominent and well-connected individuals, ushering in the Rancho Era,
with the society making a transition from one dominated by the church and the military to a more
civilian population, with people living on ranchos or in pueblos. With the numerous new ranchos in
private hands, cattle ranching expanded and prevailed over agricultural activities.
The project area is situated within lands formerly within the Rancho Agua Hedionda land grant, which
had been part of the holdings of Mission San Luis Rey. The landholdings of Mission San Luis Rey were
divided into five separate land grants: Agua Hedionda, Buena Vista, Encinitas, Guajome, and Los
Vallecitos de San Marcos. However, not all the former Mission lands were included in the Mexican land
grants. According to Gutierrez, “some were left vacant, providing free range between the private land
holdings” (Gutierrez 2002:10).
The 13,000-acre Rancho Agua Hedionda was granted to Juan Maria Romouldo Marron in 1842. The
original home built by Marron at the rancho is the adobe, sometimes called the Marron Adobe but also
known as the Kelly House. A second Marron home, the core of the historic Marron-Hayes Adobe, was
built by Sylvestre Marron sometime between 1842 and 1851 (Rush 1965). This house is located about
five miles northeast of the project area, along Buena Vista Creek.
2.3.2.1 American Period
American governance began in 1848, when Mexico signed the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo, ceding
California to the United States at the conclusion of the Mexican–American War. Terms of the treaty
brought about the creation of the Lands Commission in response to the Homestead Act of 1851, which
was adopted as a means of validating and settling land ownership claims throughout the state. Some of
the large Mexican ranchos remained intact; however, due to legal costs and the difficulty of producing
sufficient evidence to prove title claims, much of the land that once constituted rancho holdings became
available for settlement by immigrants to California.
Following the death of Juan Maria Romouldo Marron in 1853, a 362-acre parcel in the northernmost
portion of Rancho Agua Hedionda went to his younger brother and godson, Sylvestre Marron. It became
known as Rinconada de Buena Vistas y el Salto, and a portion of this property remains in the Marron
family today, including the Marron-Hayes Adobe. The remaining acreage was left to Marron’s wife,
Felipa, and their four surviving children. By 1865, ownership of Rancho Agua Hedionda had passed to
Francis J. Hinton. Hinton hired Robert Kelly to oversee his ranch operations. Following Hinton’s death in
1870, Kelly became the sole inheritor of Rancho Agua Hedionda.
A great influx of settlers to California and the San Diego region occurred during the American Period,
resulting from several factors, including the discovery of gold in the state in 1848, the end of the Civil
War, the availability of free land through the passage of the Homestead Act, and later, the importance
of San Diego County as an agricultural area supported by roads, irrigation systems, and connecting
railways. The increase in American and European populations quickly overwhelmed many of the Spanish
and Mexican cultural traditions, and greatly increased the rate of population decline among Native
American communities.
In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, development in Carlsbad and the project area was
spurred on by agricultural pursuits. The construction of the California Southern and California Central
railroads in the 1880s, linking San Diego County to San Bernardino and Los Angeles, provided the
agricultural industries with a rail link to Los Angeles area markets (Nevin 2000). In the 1920s, the
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majority of the entries in the Census were farms (City of Carlsbad 2015). Flowers, spurred by Paul Ecke
Sr. and others, also became an important agricultural pursuit in the early twentieth century. Paul Ecke
Sr. and Luther Gage transplanted from Los Angeles to northern San Diego County in pursuit of
agricultural land after World War I, when the Los Angeles region was becoming increasingly developed
(Nevin 2000). Ecke Sr. grew poinsettias, and Gage grew gladioli, ranunculi, freesias, and anemones and
cultivated what would become Carlsbad’s official flower, the bird-of-paradise. According to Nevin
(2000), the success of these pioneer flower growers attracted others to join in, and coastal north county
became a center for flower growing:
By the 1930s, the coastal strip from south Oceanside and Vista to Leucadia was home to
about 50 experienced flower men with, by one grower’s count, 680 acres planted to
bulb crops, some of which were sold nationally and internationally: 350 acres to glads,
30 to anemones and ranunculi, 100 to daffodils, 50 to irises, and 150 to other bulbs.
Because of the area’s moderate climate, they could supply cut winter flowers, especially
glads, to the big Los Angeles market (Nevin 2000).
After World War II, suburban development began to increase in Carlsbad and San Diego County,
although agriculture continued to play an important role in the region. The City of Carlsbad was
incorporated in 1952, consisting of approximately 7.5 square miles (City of Carlsbad 2015). Annexations
gradually expanded the City’s boundaries to the south and east, resulting in the current size of 39 square
miles. As urban development increased along the coast, the agricultural and flower industries dispersed
throughout the county and continued to grow throughout the latter half of the twentieth century.
3.0 METHODS
3.1 RECORDS SEARCH
HELIX conducted a records search of the project site and a one-half-mile radius at the South Coastal
Information Center (SCIC) at San Diego State University on July 12, 2023. The records search covered a
one-half-mile radius around the project area and included the identification of previously recorded
cultural resources and previously conducted cultural resources studies. A review of the CHRIS and the
state Office of Historic Preservation (OHP) historic properties directories, and Local Register, was also
conducted. The records search maps are included as Appendix B (confidential, bound separately) to this
report.
3.2 OTHER ARCHIVAL RESEARCH
HELIX staff reviewed additional archival records, including topographic maps (USGS n.d.) and aerial
imagery (NETR Online 2024). The purpose of this research was to identify historical land use and past
development of the project area and vicinity, as well as changes in the environment and setting of the
project over time that would affect cultural resources.
The earliest available aerial photographs dated from 1947, followed by 1953, 1964, 1967, 1978, 1980-
1991, 1993-2000, 2002, 2003, 2005, 2009, 2010, 2012, 2014, 2016, 2018, and 2020 (NETR Online 2024).
Available historical USGS topographic maps included the 1893, 1898, 1901, and 1942 Oceanside
quadrangle (1:62,500) maps, and the 1948, 1949, 1968, 1997, 2012, 2015, 2018, and 2022 Encinitas
quadrangle (1:24,000) maps (USGS n.d.).
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3.3 NATIVE AMERICAN CONTACT PROGRAM
HELIX archaeologists contacted the NAHC on July 12, 2023, for a Sacred Lands File search and list of
Native American contacts, which were received on July 31, 2023. Outreach letters were sent on January
16, 2024, to the contacts listed by the NAHC. Native American correspondence is included as Appendix C
(confidential, bound separately) to this report.
3.4 SURVEY METHODOLOGY
HELIX archaeologist Jessica Garcia and Luiseño Native American monitor Aleshanee Ventura with Saving
Sacred Sites conducted a pedestrian survey of the project area on July 28, 2024. The entire length of the
project alignment was walked, first from north to south on the eastern side of Avenida Encinas, then
south to north on the western side. All visible soil was examined for the presence of cultural resources.
4.0 RESULTS
4.1 RECORDS SEARCH
4.1.1 Previous Surveys
The CHRIS records search at the SCIC resulted in the identification of 80 previously recorded cultural
resource studies within the records search area, 18 of which overlapped the project area (Table 1,
Previous Studies Overlapping the Project Area). Of these, four were archaeological surveys (DeCosta
1983; Chace 1981; Byrd and O’Neill 2002; Robbins-Wade 2009), two were excavations (Smith and
Moriarty 1985; Buysse and Smith 2000), one was for a survey and excavation (Strudwick and Gallegos
1994), one was an overview of archaeological and historical resources (Fink 1976), one was a regional
historic preservation study (WESTEC Services, Inc. 1985), two were monitoring reports (Kyle 2000; Smith
1996), one was an archaeological assessment (Van Bueren 1988), one was an environmental impact
report (RECON 1985), two were historic property survey reports (Rosen 1999; Dominici 2007), one was a
cultural resources study (Pallette 2003), one was a request for concurrence from the state OHP
(Flandreau 2013), and one was a cultural constraints analysis (Keeler and Gust 2014). None of these
studies identified cultural resources within the project area.
Table 1
PREVIOUS STUDIES OVERLAPPING THE PROJECT AREA
Report No.
(SD-) Report Title Author, Date
00014 An Archaeological Survey of the Batiquitos Material Site,
11-SD-5, 44.7-45.2, 11520-910075-5957005
DeCosta, 1983
00836
Archaeological and Historical Overview Encina Water
Pollution Control Facility Service Area, Carlsbad,
California (112 Square Miles) Project No. UR0087
Fink, 1976
00903
An Archaeological and Paleontological Survey of
Occidental Land, Inc. Properties in the City of Carlsbad,
California
Chace, 1981
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Report No.
(SD-) Report Title Author, Date
01981
The Archaeological Excavations of Cultural Resources at
the Batiquitos Pointe and Batiquitos Bluffs Projects,
Sites W-84, W-88, W-95, W-97, and W-2551
Smith and Moriarty,
1985
01984 Regional Historic Preservation Study WESTEC Services,
Inc., 1980
03004 Historical/Archaeological Survey and Test Report for the
Poinsettia Lane Project, Carlsbad, California
Strudwick and
Gallegos, 1994
03819
Cultural Resource Monitoring for Construction Grading
of the Santalina Community Project City of Carlsbad,
California
Kyle, 2000
04745 Archaeological Assessment for the Batiquitos Lagoon
Enhancement Project, San Diego County, California
Van Bueren, 1988
04952 Draft Environmental Impact Report for the Batiquitos
Lagoon Educational Park Master Plan EIR 84-3
RECON, 1985
05167
Results of Archaeological Monitoring of the Poinsettia
Shores Project City of Carlsbad San Diego County,
California
Smith, 1996
06629 Historic Property Survey Report Oceanside to San Diego-
Rail to Trail
Rosen, 1999
07853
Salvage Excavations at Site SDM-W-95 (CA-SDI-211) for
the Poinsettia Shores Santalina Development Project
Carlsbad, California
Buysse and Smith,
2000
08487 Cultural Resources Study for the Proposed NCTD FAO
Facility Project
Pallette, 2003
09361
Archaeological Survey Report for the Phase I
Archaeological Survey Along Interstate 5 San Diego
County, California
Byrd and O’Neill,
2002
11761 Historic Property Survey Report, I-5 North Coast
Widening Project
Dominici, 2007
12153 Archaeological Resources Survey, Agua Hedionda Sewer
and Lift Station, Carlsbad, San Diego County, California
Robbins-Wade,
2009
14757
Request For Concurrence on "Section 106" Compliance
and a Finding of "No Historic Properties Affected" for
Vista/ Carlsbad Interceptor and Agua Hedionda Pump
Station Replacement Project
Flandreau, 2013
18575
Cultural Constraints for the Batiquitos Lagoon Double-
Track Project, Cities of Carlsbad and Encinitas, San Diego
County, California
Keeler and Gust,
2014
4.1.2 Previously Recorded Resources
The SCIC has a record of 22 previously recorded cultural resources within a one-half-mile radius of the
project, none of which are recorded within the project area (Table 2, Previously Recorded Resources
within One-Half-Mile of the Project Area). The sites recorded within the search radius consist of 15
prehistoric sites, three prehistoric isolates, one historic building, one historic structure, one multi-
component site, and one unknown resource. There are no previously recorded cultural resources within
the project area. The nearest resource is the historic Burlington Northern Santa Fe Railroad (formerly
the Atchison, Topeka, and Santa Fe Railway; P-37-024739), which is located adjacent to the southern
half of the project alignment. This railroad was originally constructed in the 1880s, but no original
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elements remain within the section running from Palomar Airport Road in the north to Poinsettia Lane
in the south. Due to its modernization and associated lack of integrity, this portion of P-37-024739 is
recommended as ineligible for the NRHP (McLean 2010).
Table 2
PREVIOUSLY RECORDED RESOURCES WITHIN ONE-HALF-MILE OF THE PROJECT AREA
Resource
Number
(P-37-)
Resource
Number
(CA-SDI-)
Age and
Resources
Present
Description Recorder, Date
000760 760
Prehistoric
Site
Shell and lithic scatter Crabtree and King,
1961; McLean, 2010;
Courtney, 2017
006067 6067 Prehistoric Site Shell scatter with isolated cobble tool and flake Franklin, 1978; Roeder, 1982
006749 6749 Unknown Site record missing Unknown
006750 6750 Prehistoric
Site
Shell scatter Franklin, 1978
009589 9589
Prehistoric
Site
Shell scatter with cobbles and flakes Woodward and
Mueller, 1982; Bell,
1987
009590 9590 Prehistoric
Site
Shell scatter with cobble tools Woodward, 1982;
Barter, 1993
010439 10439 Prehistoric
Site
Shell scatter with lithic tools Cheever, 1985
011026 11026 Prehistoric
Site
Lithic and tool scatter Rogers, n.d.; May,
1972; Van Bueren, 1988
011953 11953 Prehistoric
Site
Shell scatter and midden Smith, 1990
012670 12670
Prehistoric
Site
Large artifact scatter Rogers, n.d.; Van
Bueren, 1988;
Laylander, 2003
012807 12807
Prehistoric
Site
Large artifact scatter Rogers, n.d.; Kowta,
1959; Ezell and
Moriarty, 1964; Van
Bueren, 1988
015184 --- Prehistoric
Isolate
Isolated core Huey et al., 1992
018804 15678 Prehistoric
Site
Shell scatter O’Neill, 2000;
Laylander, 2003
018805 15679 Prehistoric
Site
Shell scatter O’Neill, 2000;
Laylander, 2003
018809 --- Prehistoric
Isolate
Shell fragments O’Neill, 2000
019033 13739
Multi-
Component
Site
Temporary camp and historic artifact
scatter
Strudwick and Caldwell,
1994
Cultural Resources Survey Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail
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Resource Number
(P-37-)
Resource Number
(CA-SDI-)
Age and Resources
Present
Description Recorder, Date
024739 16385
Historic
Structure
Segments of the Santa Fe Railroad,
dating to 1882 and 1883.
Ballester and Woodard,
2002; McLean, 2010;
Stiefel and Gunderman,
2009; Schulz and
Harper, 2011;
unknown, 2012;
Castells, 2013; Castells
and Krintz, 2013;
Gunderman, 2013;
Castells and Quach, 2014; Castells, 2015;
Daly, 2015; Tift and
Lennen, 2016;
Courtney, 2017; Foglia,
2017; O’Conner, 2022
026512 17408 Prehistoric
Site
Camp site with artifacts Rogers, n.d.; Roy, 2017
026517 17413 Prehistoric
Site
Shell and lithic scatter May, 1972; Foglia and
Droessler, 2015
033595 --- Prehistoric
Isolate
Isolated core Pigniolo, 2014
036392 22036 Prehistoric
Site
Lithic and shell scatter Foglia and Droessler,
2016
039089 --- Historic
Building
Multi-unit office building, built in 1972 Williams, 2019
4.2 ARCHIVAL RESEARCH
The 1947 historic aerial photograph shows the creek within Canyon de las Encinas bisecting the project
alignment, the railroad located just west of the alignment, and the Pacific Coast Highway running along
the bluff above the beach. The surrounding land appears to be graded and sectioned off as agricultural
fields. The 1967 aerial shows the first indications of Avenida Encinas, which appears to be a thin road,
possibly dirt, running from Palomar Airport Road to about where the Poinsettia Station Apartments are
currently located. This map also shows the Lanikai Lane neighborhood of mobile homes southwest of
the project alignment, the Solamar neighborhood west of the northern half of the project alignment,
and I-5 east of the project alignment. Throughout the 1970s, 1980s, and 1990s, agricultural fields gave
way to industrial and commercial buildings between Avenida Encinas and I-5, and residential
neighborhoods appear east of I-5; however, the fields adjacent to the southern half of the alignment
remain partially intact. The 1995 aerial shows Avenida Encinas connecting and paved throughout the
project alignment (NETR Online 2024).
The 1893, 1898, and 1901 (1:62,500) USGS topographic maps show the railroad and a coastal road west
of the project alignment. The 1942 map shows additional roads in the area of Paseo del Norte and
Palomar Airport Road. No additional development is shown until the 1968 (1:24,000) map, when I-5,
Palomar Airport Road, and an unnamed road leading to a sewage disposal site appear. The next
available map dates to 1997, at which time Avenida Encinas was in place, with a sewage disposal
location east of the project alignment, residential neighborhoods west of the railroad tracks, and the
Cultural Resources Survey Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail
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beginnings of development shown south of the project alignment near the Poinsettia Coaster Station
Driveway (USGS n.d.). No additional development is shown on more recent maps.
4.3 NATIVE AMERICAN OUTREACH
HELIX contacted the NAHC on July 12, 2023, for a Sacred Lands File search and a list of Native American
contacts for the project area. The NAHC indicated in a response dated July 31, 2023, that no known
sacred lands or Native American cultural resources have been documented within the project area.
HELIX sent letters to Native American representatives and interested parties identified by the NAHC on
January 16, 2024. As of the date of this report, two responses have been received from the Rincon Band
of Luiseño Indians (Rincon) and the San Pasqual Band of Mission Indians (San Pasqual). Rincon expressed
concerns over possible impacts to Tribal Cultural Resources, stated that this area is culturally sensitive,
and requested to consult with the lead agency. San Pasqual stated that the project is within the tribe’s
Aboriginal Territory and requested to consult with the lead agency. If additional responses are received,
they will be forwarded to City staff. Native American correspondence is included as Appendix C
(confidential, bound separately).
4.4 SURVEY
HELIX archaeologist Jessica Garcia and Luiseño Native American monitor Aleshanee Ventura (Saving
Sacred Sites) surveyed the project alignment on July 28, 2023. The majority of the alignment was
covered by asphalt and concrete, with non-native ornamental landscaping and lawn grass along the
eastern roadway shoulder (Plate 1). Native soil and plants were visible along the western shoulder of the
alignment; however, the soil was pushed into berms and, therefore, previously disturbed (Plate 2). The
shoulders along either side of the southernmost portion of the alignment featured some visible native
soil and plants within the coastal sage scrub family. Soil in these areas was light-brown sand. Total
ground visibility for the project alignment was 10 to 15 percent, the majority of which was within the
eastern and southern shoulders. The survey did not reveal any cultural resources.
Plate 1. The eastern shoulder of Avenida Encinas, view to the northwest
Cultural Resources Survey Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail
Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project | October 2025
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Plate 2. The western shoulder of Avenida Encinas, view to the north 5.0 SUMMARY AND MANAGEMENT
RECOMMENDATIONS
A study was undertaken to identify cultural resources that are present in the Avenida Encinas Coastal
Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project area and to determine the effects of the project on
cultural resources. The cultural resources study did not identify any cultural resources within the project
area; therefore, no impacts to known cultural resources are anticipated.
A records search of previously recorded cultural resources and previously conducted cultural resources
studies did not identify any cultural resources within the project area. The historic-aged Santa Fe
Railroad is directly adjacent to the project area; however, this portion is ineligible for inclusion in the
NRHP and CRHR and, therefore, is not considered a historic property per Section 106 or a historical
resource per CEQA. Archival research did not identify any historic built environment resources within
the project area and indicated that the alignment had been disturbed in the past by agricultural
activities and the construction of Avenida Encinas.
The Sacred Lands File search was negative. Tribal outreach received one response letter from Rincon
requesting consultation. If additional tribal responses are received, they will be forwarded to the City.
The cultural resources survey did not identify any cultural resources and revealed disturbance
throughout the project area. However, it is not known how deeply the ground has been disturbed, and
the presence of alluvial soil in the project area indicates a potential for buried cultural resources.
5.1 MANAGEMENT RECOMMENDATIONS
Based on the results of the current study, no known historic properties (per Section 106) or historical
resources (per CEQA) will be affected by the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian
Improvements Project. However, the project area was covered by the roadway and vegetation during
Cultural Resources Survey Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail
Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project | October 2025
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the survey, and the original ground surface could not be observed. Additionally, the project site is
located within alluvial soils, where there is a potential for buried cultural resources. Tribal outreach
responses from Rincon and San Pasqual indicated there are Tribal Cultural Resources within the project
vicinity.
Based on this, it is recommended that an archaeological and Native American monitoring program be
implemented if grading or other ground-disturbing activities (e.g., trenching for utilities, clearing and
grubbing, grading) are to occur below the top layer of disturbed soil. The monitoring program would
include attendance by the archaeologist and Native American monitor at a preconstruction meeting
with the grading contractor and the presence of archaeological and Native American monitors during
ground-disturbing activities within undisturbed soils on site. Both archaeological and Native American
monitors would have the authority to temporarily halt or redirect grading and other ground-disturbing
activity in the event that cultural resources are encountered. If significant cultural material is
encountered, the project archaeologist and monitoring tribe will coordinate with the applicant and City
staff to develop and implement appropriate treatment measures, including resource avoidance,
minimization of impacts, and mitigation of impacts.
In the event that human remains are discovered, the County Coroner shall be contacted. If the remains
are determined to be of Native American origin, the Most Likely Descendant, as identified by the NAHC,
shall be contacted to determine proper treatment and disposition of the remains. All requirements of
Health & Safety Code §7050.5 and PRC §5097.98 shall be followed.
Should the project limits change to incorporate new areas of proposed disturbance, an archaeological
survey of these areas will be required.
Cultural Resources Survey Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail
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6.0 REFERENCES
Bean, Lowell J., and Florence C. Shipek
1978 Luiseño. In California, edited by Robert F. Heizer, pp. 550–563. Handbook of North
American Indians, Vol. 8, William C. Sturtevant, general editor. Smithsonian Institution,
Washington, D.C.
Bowman, Roy H.
1973 Soil Survey: San Diego Area. United States Department of Agriculture.
Beltsville, Maryland.
Brackett, R.W.
1939 A History of the Ranchos of San Diego County, California. Union Title Insurance and Trust
Company
Bull, Charles S.
1983 Shaking the Foundations: The Evidence for San Diego Prehistory. Casual Papers: Cultural
Resource Management 1(3):15-64. Cultural Resource Management Center, San Diego
State University.
Christenson, Lynne E.
1990 The Late Prehistoric Yuman People of San Diego County, California: Their Settlement and
Subsistence System. Ph.D. dissertation, Department of Anthropology, Arizona State
University, Tempe. University Microfilms, Ann Arbor.
City of Carlsbad
2015 City of Carlsbad General Plan Update. Electronic document available at
https://www.carlsbadca.gov/departments/community-development/planning/general-
plan. Accessed on January 20, 2024.
Ezell, Paul H.
1987 The Harris Site – An Atypical San Dieguito Site, or Am I Beating a Dead Horse? In San
Dieguito–La Jolla: Chronology and Controversy, edited by Dennis Gallegos, pp. 15-22.
San Diego County Archaeological Society Research Paper Number 1. San Diego.
Gallegos, Dennis R.
1987 A Review and Synthesis of Environmental and Cultural Material for the Batiquitos
Lagoon Region. In San Dieguito-La Jolla: Chronology and Controversy, edited by Dennis
Gallegos, pp. 23-34. San Diego County Archaeological Society, Research Paper 1.
Gutierrez, Susan Schnebelen
2002 Windows on the Past: An Illustrated History of Carlsbad, California. The City
of Carlsbad, CA.
Hedges, Ken, and Christina Beresford
1986 Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany. San Diego Museum of Man Ethnic Technology Notes No. 20.
Cultural Resources Survey Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail
Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project | October 2025
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HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc.
2025 Biological Technical Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian
Improvements Project. Prepared for Nasland Engineering. On file at HELIX
Environmental Planning, Inc., La Mesa.
Hoover, Mildred, Hero Eugene Rensch, and Ethel Grace Rensch
1966 Historic Spots in California. 3rd ed. Stanford University Press, Stanford, California.
Kroeber, A.L.
1925 Handbook of California Indians. Bureau of American Ethnology of the Smithsonian
Institution Bulletin 78. Republished lithographed edition 1970, Fulmer Brothers Press
Taylor & Taylor, San Francisco
Meighan, Clement W.
1954 The Late Complex in Southern California Prehistory. Southwestern Journal of
Anthropology 10(2):215–227.
McLean, R.
2010 Site form update for P-37-024739. LSA and Associates, Inc. On file at the South Coastal
Information Center, San Diego State University.
Moratto, Michael J.
1984 California Archaeology. Academic Press, Orlando.
Moriarty, James R., III
1966 Cultural Phase Divisions Suggested by Typological Change Coordinated with
Stratigraphically Controlled Radiocarbon Dating in San Diego. The Anthropological
Journal of Canada 4(4): 20–30.
Natural Resources Conservation Service
2024 Web Soil Survey. United States Department of Agriculture. Electronic document
available at Canyon de las Encinas, Carlsbad, CA drainage - Google Search (usda.gov),
accessed on January 30, 2024.
NETR Online
2024 Historic Aerials. Nationwide Environmental Title Research, LLC. Electronic document
available at: http://www.historicaerials.com, accessed on 1/26/2024.
Nevin, Linda
2000 The 300-Million Dollar Bouquet: San Diego's uncertain flower future. San Diego Reader
18 May. San Diego. Electronic document available at
https://www.sandiegoreader.com/news/2000/may/18/feature-300-million-dollar-
bouquet/#. Accessed on January 20, 2024.
Pryde, Philip R.
2004 San Diego: An Introduction to the Region. Sunbelt Publications; 4th edition.
Cultural Resources Survey Report for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail
Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project | October 2025
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Rogers, Malcolm J.
1939 Early Lithic Industries of the Lower Basin of the Colorado River and Adjacent Desert
Areas. San Diego Museum of Man Papers No. 3. San Diego Museum of Man.
Rush, Philip S.
1965 Some Old Ranchos and Adobes. Neyenesch Printers, Inc., San Diego.
Sparkman, Philip Stedman
1908 The Culture of the Luiseño Indians. University of California Publications in American
Archaeology and Ethnology 8(4):187-234.
True, D.L.
1958 An Early Complex in San Diego County, California. American Antiquity 23(3): 255–263.
1980 The Pauma Complex in Northern San Diego County: 1978. Journal of New World
Archaeology 3(4): 1–30. Institute of Archaeology, University of California, Los Angeles.
True, D.L., C.W. Meighan, and Harvey Crew
1974 Archaeological Investigations at Molpa, San Diego County, California. University of
California Publications in Anthropology 11, Berkeley.
USGS
2024 TopoView. Digital database available at https://ngmdb.usgs.gov/topoview/viewer/.
Accessed on 1/26/2024.
Warren, Claude N.
1967 The San Dieguito Complex: A Review and Hypothesis. American Antiquity 32:168-185.
Warren, C.N., G. Siegler, and F. Dittmer
1998 Paleoindian and Early Archaic Periods. In Prehistoric and Historic Archaeology of
Metropolitan San Diego: A Historic Properties Background Study. Prepared for the
Metropolitan Wastewater Department, City of San Diego. ASM Affiliates, Encinitas,
California.
Wilke, Philip J. and Meg McDonald
1986 Flaked Stone Artifacts. In Excavations at Indian Hill Rockshelter, Anza Borrego Desert
State Park, California, 1984-1985, edited by Philip J. Wilke, Meg McDonald, and L. A.
Payen, pp. 46-71. Archaeological Research Unit, University of California, Riverside.
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Appendix A
Resumes of Key Personnel
Page | 1
MARY ROBBINS-WADE, RPA
Cultural Resources Group Manager
Ms. Robbins-Wade is HELIX’s Cultural Resources Group
Manager and Principal Archaeologist. With 43 years of
experience, she manages and oversees archaeological, historic,
and interpretive studies and programs, including contract
management; design and implementation of survey, research,
data recovery, and construction monitoring programs;
preservation plans and report preparation. Ms. Robbins-Wade
has experience with a broad range of project types, including
private developments and public infrastructure. She manages
the preparation of cultural resources studies both as stand-alone reports and also in
support of CEQA and NEPA compliance efforts. Ms. Robbins-Wade has a strong working
knowledge of local, state, and federal laws addressing the protection of archaeological
and historical resources. Her Native American consultation experience includes
coordinating Native American tribal consultations conducted pursuant to CEQA as
revised by Assembly Bill 52 (2014 Session), as well as providing support for federal
agency government-to-government consultations with federally recognized tribes
pursuant to Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA). Ms. Robbins-
Wade is a Registered Professional Archaeologist (RPA) and meets the U.S. Secretary of
the Interior's Professional Qualifications for prehistoric and historic archaeology.
San Nicolas Island High Explosives Magazine Archaeological Monitoring (2023).
Principal Investigator for archaeological monitoring during construction of a high-
explosives magazine on the west side of San Nicolas Island within the boundaries of a
known archaeological site with human remains. San Nicolas Island is considered a
Traditional Cultural Property by associated Native American tribes and, as such,
includes extremely sensitive cultural sites. Worked with Navy and Luiseno and
Chumash tribes to determine the appropriate treatment for finds made during
monitoring. Reviewed project deliverables, including work plans, a Worker's
Environmental Awareness Program, mapping, and field reporting. The work complies
with NHPA and NAGPRA and is ongoing. Performed for Reyes Construction under
contract to the US Navy.
San Nicolas Island Missile Assembly Bunker Archaeological Monitoring (2023).
Principal Investigator for archaeological monitoring during construction of a high-
explosives magazine on the west side of San Nicolas. San Nicolas Island is considered a
Traditional Cultural Property by associated Native American tribes and, as such,
includes extremely sensitive cultural sites. Worked with Navy and Luiseno and
Chumash tribes to determine the appropriate treatment for finds made during
monitoring. Reviewed project deliverables, including work plans, a Worker's
Environmental Awareness Program, mapping, and field reporting. The work complies
with NHPA and NAGPRA and is ongoing. Performed for Soltec under contract to the US
Navy.
EDUCATION
Master of Arts,
Anthropology,
San Diego State
University, 1990
Bachelor of Arts,
Anthropology, University
of California, Santa
Barbara, 1981
REGISTRATIONS/
CERTIFICATIONS
Registered Professional
Archaeologist No. 10294
Caltrans, Professionally
Qualified Staff-
Equivalent Principal
Investigator for
Prehistoric Archaeology
Bureau of Land
Management
Statewide Cultural
Resource Use Permit
(California), FLPMA
Permit No. CA-18-35
County of San Diego,
Approved CEQA
Consultant for
Archaeological
Resources
Orange County
Approved
Archaeologist
Riverside County
Approved Cultural
Resources Consultant
PROFESSIONAL
AFFILIATIONS
Society for American
Archaeology
Society for California
Archaeology
San Diego
Archaeological Center
San Diego History
Center
San Diego Museum of
Us
San Diego County
Archaeological Society
Page | 2
On Geneva Controlled Grading and Archaeological Monitoring (2022-2023). Principal Investigator for a
controlled grading program in southwestern Oceanside for a private residential development. Survey of the
property identified a prehistoric site within the area to be developed. Acted as Principal Investigator for a
testing program, which found the site to be ineligible for listing in the CRHR. Worked with San Luis Rey to
determine a location for artifact reburial within the project limits. Work performed for On Geneva, LLC.
One Alexandria Square Environmental Consulting (2019 - 2024). Principal Investigator/Cultural Resources Lead
for a cultural resources study for a redevelopment project of existing office/scientific research uses to include
additional office/lab space (including underground parking), a parking structure, and retail uses. Due to the
presence of a known significant archaeological/cultural resource, responsibilities included researching previous
archaeological studies, working with the project team to design the project so as to preserve over 75 percent of
the significant resource, developing a research design and data recovery plan to mitigate impacts that could not
be avoided through project design, and listing the resource on the City’s Historical Landmarks list, as well as
serving as senior report author.
Carlsbad Trails Master Plan Constraints Analysis and IS/MND (2015 - 2016). Cultural Resources Task Manager
for the analysis of the Carlsbad Trails Master Plan, which includes existing and proposed recreational trails
throughout the City. Conducted an initial screening of potential cultural resources issues that may affect discrete
projects within the Trails Master Plan. Also developed protocols for addressing cultural resources under the
Trails Master Plan. Work performed for the City of Carlsbad.
El Camino Real Road Widening-Archaeological Monitoring (2015 - 2016). Project Manager/ Principal
Investigator for an archaeological monitoring project for the City of Carlsbad in a culturally sensitive area.
Project required close coordination with Native American representatives, City staff, construction crews, and
another cultural resources firm to ensure that there are no impacts to significant cultural resources. Work
performed for the City of Carlsbad.
University and Innovation District Environmental Impact Report (2015 - 2016). Cultural Resources Task
Manager/Principal Investigator for the 375-acre, four-year University and Regional Technology Park in the Otay
Ranch and Eastlake III neighborhoods of Chula Vista, San Diego County. Responsible for preparation of the
cultural resources technical report and managing cultural resources surveys, including Native American
outreach, in support of the EIR. HELIX is managing grading studies, technical studies, and the CEQA
documentation, as well as providing input to the Sectional Planning Area Plan. The University will feature
academic space, academic support space, physical education facilities, student housing, and parking areas sized
to serve up to 20,000 full-time equivalent students. The Regional Technology Park is envisioned as a higher-
value manufacturing and research park with both independent uses and programmatic links to the university.
Work performed for City of Chula Vista. Cultural resources task leader for the University Innovation District
Sectional Planning Area project that would direct the implementation of a four-year university and supporting
uses in the Otay Ranch and Eastlake III neighborhoods in the City of Chula Vista. The University will feature
academic space, academic support space, physical education facilities, student housing, and parking areas to be
sized to serve up to 20,000 full-time equivalent (FTE) students. Tasks included supervising the background
research, field surveys, recording of cultural resources, and report preparation. Was also responsible for Native
American outreach.
Cemetery Area Water Pipeline Replacement-Construction Monitoring (2015 - 2016). Project Manager/Principal
Investigator for a water pipeline replacement project in eastern Escondido, located partially within a historic
cemetery. Initial work included a cultural resources survey and a historic study of the cemetery; HELIX later
conducted cultural resources monitoring during construction. Oversaw historic study, cultural resources survey,
Page | 3
and monitoring. Responsible for Native American outreach and report preparation. Work performed for the City
of Escondido.
Southwest Sewer Realignment Project - Monitoring Services (2016 - 2018). Project Manager/Principal
Investigator for cultural resources monitoring during construction of a sewer realignment project in western
Escondido, adjacent to an ethnohistoric village site. The project is located in an area that is sensitive to both the
Kumeyaay and Luiseño people, requiring close coordination with Native American monitors from both groups.
Oversaw monitoring program; responsible for Native American outreach/ coordination, site record updates to
reflect the finding of additional bedrock milling features, and report preparation. Work performed for the City of
Escondido.
Emergency Storage Pond Project (2018 - 2018). Project Manager/Principal Investigator for a cultural resources
testing program in conjunction with the Escondido Recycled Water Distribution System - Phase 1. Two cultural
resources sites that could not be avoided through project design were evaluated to assess site significance and
significance of project impacts. Work included documentation of bedrock milling features, mapping of features
and surface artifacts, excavation of a series of shovel test pits at each site, cataloging and analysis of cultural
material recovered, and report preparation. The project is located in an area that is sensitive to both the
Kumeyaay and Luiseño people, requiring close coordination with Native American monitors from both groups.
Work performed for the City of Escondido.
Escondido Brine Line Project (2018 - 2019). Project Manager/Principal Investigator for cultural resources
monitoring during construction of approximately 2.3 miles of a 15-inch brine return pipeline in the City of
Escondido. The project, which is part of the City’s Agricultural Recycled Water and Potable Reuse Program,
enables discharge of brine recovered from a reverse osmosis facility that is treating recycled water; it is one part
of the larger proposed expansion of Escondido's recycled water distribution to serve eastern and northern
agricultural land. The project is located in an area that is sensitive to both the Kumeyaay and Luiseño people,
requiring close coordination with Native American monitors from both groups. Oversaw monitoring program,
including Worker Environmental Awareness Training; responsible for Native American outreach/coordination,
coordination with City staff and construction crews, and general project management. Work performed for the
City of Escondido.
Blended Reverse Osmosis (RO) Line Project (2018 - 2019). Project Manager/ Principal Investigator for cultural
resources monitoring during construction of a 24-inch recycled water pipeline in the City of Escondido. The
project is located in an area that is sensitive to both the Kumeyaay and Luiseño people, requiring close
coordination with Native American monitors from both groups. Oversaw monitoring program, including Worker
Environmental Awareness Program (WEAP) training; responsible for Native American outreach/coordination,
coordination with City staff and construction crews, and general project management. Work performed for the
City of Escondido.
Oceanside Water Utilities Department As-Needed Environmental Consulting Services, 2013-2015 (2015 -
2016). Cultural Resources Task Lead/Principal Investigator for an on-call contract with the City of Oceanside
Water Utilities Department. HELIX is providing on-call environmental consulting services, including CEQA
compliance documents, surveys, studies, construction monitoring, and related services. Project types include
reservoirs, pump stations, lift stations, pipelines, and treatment plants. Work performed for the City of
Oceanside Water Utilities Department.
Oceanside Water Utilities Department On-Call Environmental Consulting Services 2016-2017 (2016 - 2017).
Cultural Resources Task Lead/Principal Investigator for an on-call contract with the City of Oceanside Water
Utilities Department. HELIX is providing on-call environmental consulting services, including CEQA compliance
documents, surveys, studies, construction monitoring, and related services. Project types include reservoirs,
Page | 4
pump stations, lift stations, pipelines, and treatment plants. Work performed for the City of Oceanside Water
Utilities Department.
Oceanside Water Utilities Dept On-Call Environmental Consulting Services, 2017-2022 (2018 - 2021). Cultural
Resources Task Lead/Principal Investigator for three consecutive on-call contracts with the City of Oceanside
Water Utilities Department. Oversaw the preparation of cultural resource reports, coordinates with Native
American tribes, and directed construction monitoring teams for projects as part of this contract. Project types
include reservoirs, pump stations, lift stations, pipelines, and treatment plants.
Haymar Easement Protection Project (2020 - ). Cultural Resources Task Lead/Principal Investigator for an
emergency repair project to protect a trunk sewer and associated access path badly damaged by erosion.
Overseeing cultural resources monitoring during construction in this highly culturally sensitive area, including
coordination with Luiseño tribal monitors and City staff.
Pottery Canyon Mitigation Monitoring (2014 - 2016). Project Manager/Principal Investigator for a cultural
resources monitoring program in conjunction with contaminated soils remediation program at a significant
historic archaeological site in Pottery Canyon Park in the City of San Diego. The project included review of the
previous testing report and the remediation plan, assessment of the capping program to ensure its compliance
with the approved preservation measures, monitoring of capping, collection and cataloging of artifacts outside
the capped area, and preparation of a monitoring report. Work performed for the City of San Diego Department
of Park and Recreation under an as-needed contract.
28th Street between Island Avenue and Clay Avenue Utilities Undergrounding Archaeological
Monitoring (2014 - 2018). Project Manager/Principal Investigator for a utilities undergrounding project in a
historic neighborhood of East San Diego. Responsible for project management; coordination of archaeological
and Native American monitors; coordination with forensic anthropologist, Native American representative/Most
Likely Descendent, and City staff regarding treatment of possible human remains; oversaw identification of
artifacts and cultural features, report preparation, and resource documentation. Work performed for the City of
San Diego.
Vista Vineyards (2014 - 2015). Project Manager/Principal Investigator in a cultural resources survey and testing
program for a proposed residential development in the City of Vista. The 15.2-acre project is located along
Buena Vista Creek, in an area that is culturally sensitive to the Luiseño people, and two archaeological sites
within the project had previously been assessed as significant cultural resources. Overseeing background
research, field survey, testing, recording archaeological sites, Native American outreach and coordination, and
report preparation. The aim of the cultural resources study was to supplement the previous testing work, in
order to guide the data recovery program at one site and to develop a preservation plan for the second site. In
addition, the project included a historic study to provide the context and framework for recording a historic
archaeological site associated with a significant pioneering family in Vista. Due to the project’s location and the
known significant cultural resources, the cultural resources study included outreach and coordination with the
Luiseño community. The project addresses preservation of the significant resources. Work performed for City of
Vista.
Camino Largo / PC6-056 (2014 - 2015). Project Manager/Principal Investigator for a cultural resources survey
and testing program for a proposed residential development in the City of Vista. Oversaw background research,
field survey, testing, site recordation, Native American coordination, and report preparation. Work performed
for City of Vista.
Vista Grande (2015 - 2016). Project Manager/Principal Investigator for a cultural resources survey and testing
project for a proposed residential development in the City of Vista. Work included testing/assessment of an
Page | 5
archaeological site identified during the survey, as well as evaluation of a historic residence. Work performed for
City of Vista.
Cultural Resources Study - P16-0310 Pheasant Hill MND (2017 - 2017). Project Manager/Principal Investigator
for a cultural resources survey and testing program for a proposed residential development in the City of Vista.
Oversaw background research, field survey, testing, site recordation, Native American coordination, and report
preparation. Work performed for City of Vista.
Olive Avenue 15-Lot TSM/ANX Project (P17-0388) (2019 - ). Project Manager for a cultural resources survey
report for a 15-lot residential subdivision on a property to be annexed to the City of Vista. The cultural resources
study included historic evaluation of a house and barn constructed in the 1930s. The project vicinity was
identified as sensitive for cultural resources, and HELIX worked with tribal representatives to address potential
impacts and mitigation measures. Work performed for the City of Vista.
Erosion Repair at Modjeska Canyon Road (2020 - ). Cultural Resources Task Lead/Principal Investigator for
proposed repairs of erosion damage to Modjeska Canyon Road. Oversaw fieldwork and report preparation.
Responsible for Native American outreach and coordination; coauthored report and provided quality control of
report deliverable. Work performed for Orange County Department of Public Works.
Erosion Repair at Silverado Canyon (2020 - ). Cultural Resources Task Lead/Principal Investigator for proposed
repairs of erosion damage to Silverado Canyon Road. Oversaw fieldwork and report preparation. Responsible for
Native American outreach and coordination; coauthored report and provided quality control of report
deliverable. Work performed for Orange County Department of Public Works.
Borrego Springs Community Library IS/MND (2015 - 2016). Cultural Resources Task Manager/ Principal
Investigator for a cultural resources survey for a proposed development consisting of a public library, park, and
police substation for the County of San Diego. The project is proposed on a 20.5-acre site on undeveloped land
in the Borrego Springs community.
Pamo Bridge (North) Geotech Boring Project (2017 - 2017). Cultural Resources Task Lead for environmental
monitoring in conjunction with geotechnical borings for this proposed bridge replacement project in the Pamo
Valley area of San Diego County. The project site is within a significant cultural resources site, CA-SDI-7933/H.
This site, which covers almost 50 acres and encompasses the entire project area, has been described as part of
the ethnographic Kumeyaay village of Pauha. It also includes historic features and artifacts related to a Civilian
Conservation Corps (CCC) camp and US Forest Service Ranger Station. Cultural resources monitoring of
geotechnical borings was required to ensure that there were no inadvertent impacts to this significant resource.
Responsible for coordinating monitoring efforts by a subconsultant to HELIX and the Kumeyaay Native American
monitors, as well as preconstruction sensitivity training and post-construction reporting.
Lake Elsinore Honda (Archaeological Services) (2018 - 2018). Project Manager/Principal Investigator for a
cultural resources survey of a proposed auto dealership project in the City of Lake Elsinore. Oversaw background
research and field survey; responsible for Native American coordination and report preparation. Work
performed for David Evans Associates, with the City of Lake Elsinore as the lead agency.
Diaz Road Expansion, PW17-25 (2020 - ). Principal Investigator/Cultural Resources Task Lead for cultural
resources survey in support of an IS/MND for proposed city infrastructure improvements associated with the
widening and construction of Diaz Road in the City of Temecula. The cultural resources study included tribal
outreach and coordination to address the cultural sensitivity of the project area. Oversaw cultural resources
study; responsible for tribal outreach and senior oversight on technical report. Work performed for David Evans
and Associates, with the City of Temecula as the lead agency.
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Marshall Avenue Industrial Park Project (2020 - ). Principal Archaeologist for an industrial development project
located on 9.3 acres within the City of El Cajon. The project includes up to approximately 111,000 square feet of
multi-tenant industrial space over seven buildings. Oversaw the cultural resources technical study that
supported the IS/MND that was also prepared by HELIX, along with technical studies of biological resources and
GHG emissions. Work was performed for Dentt Development, with the City of El Cajon as the lead agency.
Judson Potable Water Storage Tank and Transmission Pipeline IS/MND (2016 - 2019). Cultural Resources Task
Lead for this project in the City of Moreno Valley. Eastern Municipal Water District is proposing the construction
and operation of a steel, 2.2-million-gallon (MG) potable water storage tank, approximately 2,300 linear feet of
18-inch-diameter transmission pipeline, a paved access road, a detention basin, and other appurtenances to
support tank operations. Oversaw background research and field survey. Responsible for Native American
outreach for cultural resources survey and co-authored technical report. Assisted District with Native American
outreach and consultation under AB 52. Work performed under an as-needed contract for Eastern Municipal
Water District.
EMWD Fox Tank Replacement IS/MND (2017 - 2018). Cultural Resources Task Lead for this project in the Mead
Valley community of unincorporated Riverside County. Eastern Municipal Water District proposed to construct
and operate a new 1.0-million-gallon (MG) welded steel water tank and 0.15-MG detention basin, install a new
12-inch-diameter pipeline within Fox Street and Ellis Road to connect the new tank to the existing water
distribution network, and demolish the existing 0.15-MG Orange Tank. Oversaw background research, field
survey, and report preparation. Responsible for Native American outreach for cultural resources survey. Assisted
District with Native American outreach and consultation under AB 52. Work performed under an as-needed
contract for Eastern Municipal Water District.
Cactus II Feeder Transmission Pipeline IS/MND (2017 - 2018). Cultural Resources Task Lead for this project in
the City of Moreno Valley. Eastern Municipal Water District proposed to construct approximately five miles of
new 30-inch to 42 inch-diameter pipeline; the project would address existing system deficiencies within the City
and provide supply for developing areas. Oversaw background research, field survey, and report preparation.
Responsible for Native American outreach for cultural resources survey. Assisted District with Native American
outreach and consultation under AB 52. Work performed under an as-needed contract for Eastern Municipal
Water District.
Sky Canyon Sewer Environmental Consulting (2018 - 2019). Cultural Resources Task Lead for this project
adjacent to the City of Murrieta in southwestern Riverside County. Eastern Municipal Water District (District)
proposed to implement the Sky Canyon Sewer Main Extension Project to construct approximately 6,700 linear
feet of new gravity-fed 36-inch-diameter sewer main to provide additional sewer capacity for planned
development. The proposed 36-inch-diameter sewer main would extend the existing 36-inch-diameter French
Valley Sewer at Winchester Road further downstream to Murrieta Hot Springs Road. Oversaw background
research and field survey for the cultural resources study in support of the IS/MND. Responsible for Native
American outreach for cultural resources survey and co-authored technical report. Assisted District with Native
American outreach and consultation under AB 52. Work performed under an as-needed contract for Eastern
Municipal Water District.
964 Urania Avenue (2016). Project Manager/Principal Investigator for a cultural resources survey and testing
program for a proposed residential development in the City of Solana Beach. Oversaw background research,
field survey, testing, site recordation, Native American coordination, and report preparation. Work performed
for Hall Land Company.
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Anza Street Townhomes Project (2020 - ). Project Manager for a cultural resources study for a residential
subdivision in the El Cajon area of the County of San Diego. Project included Native American outreach and
coordination as part of the archaeological study. Work performed for Hallmark Communities.
SR-76 East Mitigation Monitoring - Cultural Monitoring (2015 - 2019). Project Manager/Principal Investigator
for a cultural resources monitoring project for roadway improvements at the SR-76/I-15 Interchange and on SR-
76 along the San Luis Rey River in the Bonsall area of San Diego County. The area along the San Luis Rey River is
quite sensitive in terms of cultural resources. Oversaw field monitoring, report preparation, and monitor
coordination with Caltrans field staff. Responsible for Native American coordination and coordination with
Caltrans cultural resources staff. Work performed for Caltrans and SANDAG.
Downtown Riverside Metrolink Station Track & Platform Project (2019 - 2023). Cultural Resources Task Lead
for this project involving changes to and expansion of the Downtown Metrolink Station in Riverside. Oversaw
records search and background information, archaeological survey, and report preparation; served as primary
report author. Responsible for coordination with Native American Heritage Commission, Riverside County
Transportation Commission (RCTC), and Federal Transportation Authority (FTA) on Native American outreach.
Work performed for Riverside County Transportation Commission as a subconsultant to HNTB Corporation.
Villa Storia (2014 - 2015). Project Manager/Principal Investigator of a cultural resources survey for a proposed
residential development in the City of Oceanside. Oversaw background research, field survey, Native American
coordination, and report preparation. The project is in proximity to Mission San Luis Rey, in an area of great
cultural significance to the Luiseño people, as well as archaeological sensitivity. The cultural resources study
included background research, survey of the project area, archaeological testing/assessment, and coordination
with the Native American community. Work performed for Integral Partners Funding, LLC.
Valiano Cultural Resources (2014 - 2015). Project Manager/Principal Investigator of a cultural resources survey
and testing program for a 239-acre residential planned community in the Escondido area of the County of San
Diego. Oversaw background research, field survey, testing, recording archaeological sites and assessment of
historic structures, Native American outreach and coordination, and report preparation. Archaeological testing
was conducted at several sites that could not be avoided through project design. The project site is in an area
that is of cultural importance to both the Kumeyaay and Luiseño people; HELIX archaeologists worked with
Native American representatives from both groups. Coordination was conducted to determine the feasibility of
preserving bedrock milling features by moving them to open space areas within the project. Other
archaeological sites were retained in open space through project design. Work performed for Integral Partners
Funding, LLC.
Otay Crossings Commerce Park EIR (2016 - 2019). Project Manager/Principal Investigator for a cultural
resources program including testing, data recovery, and monitoring for a 311.5-acre project in the County of San
Diego. Served as Project Manager/Principal Investigator for the cultural resources study that addressed 14 sites,
including testing at the 10 sites that not been previously assessed. Work performed for Kearny PCCP Otay 311,
LLC, with County of San Diego as the lead agency.
Jackson Street Recycled Water Pipeline Project (RPU - SWRCB Financial Application Water Recycling Funding
Program) (2017 - 2017). Cultural Resources Task Lead/Principal Investigator for the proposed installation of
pipelines to expand the City of Riverside’s Recycled Water System. Managed completion of a records search and
a Sacred Lands File search, tribal outreach, a review of historic maps and aerial photographs, an intensive field
survey by a HELIX archaeologist and co-authored the draft and final reports. The study met the CEQA-Plus
requirements of the State Water Resources Control Board for receiving State Revolving Funds. Work performed
for Kennedy/Jenks Consultants, with the City of Riverside as the lead agency.
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Heritage Bluffs II (2014 - 2015). Project Manager/Principal Investigator for a cultural resources survey of
approximately 170 acres and testing program at two archaeological sites, for a proposed residential
development in the City of San Diego. Worked with project applicant and Red Tail on project design that would
avoid impacts to a site area with cultural features and cremated human remains. Much of the work was
completed prior to coming to HELIX, between 2007 and 2014. Work performed for Project Design Consultants.
EVMWD Near Term Water Supply Program, On-call Professional Environmental Services (2016 - 2019). Cultural
Resources Task Lead/Principal Investigator for an on-call services contract to provide environmental services for
water supply projects. Work performed for Elsinore Valley Municipal Water District. Diamond Regional Lift
Station and Pipeline Project (2016 - 2018). Cultural Resources Task Lead/Principal Investigator for a cultural
resources survey of the proposed Diamond Regional Lift Station project in the City of Lake Elsinore, located at
the confluence of the San Jacinto River at the eastern shoreline of Lake Elsinore. Oversaw background research,
field survey, site record updates, Native American coordination, and report preparation. Coordinated with
Pechanga Cultural Resources on Native American concerns and development of mitigation measures for the
project. Work performed for Elsinore Valley Municipal Water District (EVMWD). Regional Agricultural Pipeline
Conversion Project (2016 - 2018). Cultural Resources Task Lead for the cultural resources study and
archaeological monitoring for the proposed Ag Pipeline Conversion project, a three-agency partnership between
Elsinore Valley Municipal Water District (EVMWD), the City of Lake Elsinore, and the Riverside County Flood
Control and Water Conservation District (RCFCWCD). In conjunction with the cultural resources study, met with
Pechanga Cultural Resources staff several times to discuss Native American concerns and alternative project
approaches, due to the presence of extremely sensitive cultural resources. Assisted EVMWD with AB 52
consultation. Worked closely with tribal cultural monitors from two Tribes during construction monitoring. Work
performed EVMWD. Palomar Well Replacement Project (2018). Cultural Resources Task Lead/Principal
Investigator for a cultural resources survey of a proposed well replacement site in the City of Wildomar.
Oversaw background research and field survey; responsible for Native American coordination and report
preparation. Work performed EVMWD.
City of Oceanside's Condition Assessment and Access Improvements (2017 - 2019). Cultural Resources Task
Lead/Principal Investigator for cultural resource survey, testing/assessment, and monitoring for constraints
study/sensitivity analysis, as well as preparation of a technical report in support of a Program EIR for major
sewer improvements, including a new lift station, new force main, and replacement of several sections of two
pipelines in the raw sewage collection system and one secondary-treated effluent pipeline (Gravity Line, Force
Main, and Land Outfall pipelines). Assisted the City of Oceanside with tribal consultation, as well. Work
performed as a subconsultant to Infrastructure Engineering Corporation, with the City of Oceanside Water
Utilities Department as the lead agency.
City of Oceanside Pure Water Lower 1 Recycled Water Conveyance System (2020 - ). Cultural Resources Task
Lead/Principal Investigator for cultural resources monitoring during construction of a recycled water pipeline in
the City of Oceanside. Overseeing mitigation monitoring program, including Worker Environmental Awareness
Program (WEAP) training; responsible for Native American outreach/coordination, coordination with
construction management staff and construction crews, and general project management for the cultural
resources task. Work was performed as a subconsultant to Infrastructure Engineering Corporation, with the City
of Oceanside as the lead agency.
Vista Flume - Historic Documentation (2016 - 2017). Project Manager for the Historic American Engineering
Record-level documentation of the Vista Irrigation District Main Water Conveyance System (Vista Flume).
Constructed between 1925 and 1927, the Vista Irrigation District bench flumes, tunnels, and siphon segments
qualify for listing on the National Register of Historic Places (NRHP) and California Register of Historical
Resources (CRHR). As the District’s main water conduit for over 85 years, the structures have been indispensable
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in the area’s development. In addition, the flumes and siphon are considered to be eligible for their unique
design and method of construction. Work performed for the Vista Irrigation District.
Lilac Hills Ranch (2014 - 2017). Project Manager/Principal Investigator of a cultural resources survey and testing
program for an approximately 608-acre mixed-use development in the Valley Center area. Oversaw background
research, field survey, testing, recording of archaeological sites and historic structures, and report preparation.
Responsible for development of the research design and data recovery program, preparation of the preservation
plan, and Native American outreach and coordination. The project also included recording historic structures,
development of a research design and data recovery program for a significant archaeological site, and
coordination with the Native American community and the client to develop a preservation plan for a significant
cultural resource. The project changed over time, so additional survey areas were included, and a variety of off-
site improvement alternatives were addressed. Work performed for Accretive Investments, Inc. with County of
San Diego as the lead agency.
Peacock Hill Cultural Resources (2014 - 2017). Project Manager/Principal Investigator of a cultural resources
study update for a residential development in Lakeside. Oversaw updated research, fieldwork, lab work, analysis
by forensic anthropologists, report preparation, and Native American coordination. In the course of outreach
and coordination with the Native American (Kumeyaay) community, possible human remains were identified,
prompting additional fieldwork, as well as coordination with the Native American community and forensic
anthropologists. Work performed for Peacock Hill, Inc.
Vista Ridge Apartment Project (2014 - 2015). Project Manager/Principal Investigator for a cultural resources
survey and a testing program at the previously recorded site CA-SDI-5345 to assess the significance of cultural
resources within the project area and determine the significance of potential impacts. Given the amount of past
disturbance and the paucity of cultural material, CA-SDI-5345 was determined not to be a significant
archaeological resource under CEQA. Worked closely with the San Luis Rey Band and the Pechanga Band to
address cultural concerns regarding the project area. Work performed for FF Realty, LLC, with the City of Vista as
the lead agency.
Mission Cove Data Recovery (2014 - 2015). Project Manager/Principal Investigator for a cultural resources data
recovery program at a significant archaeological site with cultural significance to the Luiseño people in the City
of Oceanside. Prior to the data recovery program, worked with the client and the San Luis Rey Band of Mission
Indians to redesign the project (an affordable housing/mixed-use development) to avoid impacts to cultural
resources to the extent feasible. Oversaw background research, excavation and related fieldwork, cataloging
and analysis, coordination of ancillary studies (e.g. radiocarbon analysis and shell analysis), Native American
coordination, and report preparation. Analysis and report preparation are currently underway. The data
recovery program was conducted to mitigate impacts that could not be avoided through project design. Work
performed for National Community Renaissance.
Mission Cove Monitoring (2014 - 2018). Project Manager/Principal Investigator of an archaeological monitoring
program for the 14.47 acre Mission Cove Affordable Housing mixed-use project area in the City of Oceanside.
Oversaw field monitoring and documentation of finds. A significant archaeological and cultural resource is within
the project, and there was a potential for unknown buried resources, given the alluvial setting. A hearth feature
was recorded, as well as subsurface cultural deposits. Work performed for National Community Renaissance.
Work performed for the City of Oceanside.
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NICOLE (NIKKI) FALVEY
Cultural Resources Project Manager
Ms. Falvey is a professional archaeologist and environmental
planner. She has worked on approximately 100 cultural
resource management projects and over 100 NEPA categorical
exclusions in both local assistance and generalist capacities.
Ms. Falvey has served in lab, field, and office capacities,
completed record searches, co-authored technical reports, and
authored NEPA process documents. Projects include
commercial and residential developments, wind farms, utilities
projects, and rail and road expansions. Project activities include
pedestrian surveys, test excavations, data recovery programs, and construction
monitoring. I am familiar with the National Historic Preservation Act, the National
Environmental Policy Act, and the California Environmental Quality Act.
Archaeological Survey for the Alpine 21 Project (2016 - 2017). Crew Chief for this
proposed residential development in the City of Alpine. Conducted records search,
supervised field survey crew,and co-authored technical report.
Archaeological Monitoring for the Paseo Del Norte Project (2016 - 2016). Staff
Archaeologist for this commercial development in the City of Carlsbad. Conducted
cultural resources construction monitoring.
Keystone Way Archaeological Survey Project (2016 - 2016). Staff Archaeologist for
this proposed commercialdevelopment in the City of Vista. Conducted records search,
conducted field survey, and co-authored technical report. The City of Vista was the lead
agency.
Presidio Apartments Survey Project (2016 - 2016). Staff Archaeologist for this
proposed multi-family residential development in the City of Oceanside. Conducted
records search, conducted field survey, and co-authored technical report. The City
ofOceanside was the lead agency.
City of Oceanside As-Needed Environmental Consulting Services (2013 - 2015).
Staff Archaeologist for construction of a new facility at the Mission Basin Desalting
Facility near the San Luis Rey River. Responsible for fieldmonitoring, coordination with
construction crew and Native Americanmonitors, identification of artifacts and cultural
features, and daily field notes.Work performed for the City of Oceanside.
Vista Grande Archaeological Testing (2015 - 2016). Crew Chief for this proposed
residential development in theCity of Vista. Responsible for supervising test excavation
of thearchaeological site, including placing shovel test pits (STPs), plotting in STPs
using a Trimble GPS, supervision of a three-person crew in excavating STPs,
completing documentation, collecting surface artifacts, andcoordination with a Native
American monitor. Co-authored technical report. Work performed for the City of Vista.
EDUCATION
Bachelor of Arts,
Anthropology with a
concentration in
Archaeology, University
of California, San Diego,
2013
Associate of Arts,
Anthropology, Mira
Costa Community
College, California, 2011
CERTIFICATIONS
North County Transit
District (NCTD) Roadway
Worker ID #C00901,
2015
HAZWOPER, 24 hours
PROFESSIONAL
AFFILIATIONS
Transportation Museum
of San Diego and
Imperial Counties, Board
of Directors, Secretary
(2021-2022)
San Diego County
Archaeological Society,
Board of Directors,
Second Vice President
(2014-2015), First Vice
President (2015-2016)
Society for California
Archaeology, Member
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City of Carlsbad Trails Master Plan Constraints Analysis (2015 - 2015). Staff Archaeologist for the constraints
analysis for this proposed trails master planin the City of Carlsbad. Assisted in research for the cultural resources
portionof the constraints analysis, including locating previously recordedarchaeological sites within the proposed
trail system and determining theirpotential for effects. Work performed for the City of Carlsbad.
Pujols Shearwater Monitoring (2015 - 2016). Staff Archaeologist for this residential development in the City of
Temecula, Riverside County. Conducted cultural resources construction monitoring, completed Department of
Parks and Recreation forms, and co-authored technical report.
Ticonderoga Street and Morena Boulevard (2015 - 2015). Staff Archaeologist for this proposed residential
development in the City of San Diego. Co-authored technical report.
Campo Creek Bridge Replacement Monitoring (2016 - 2017). Staff Archaeologist for this bridge replacement
project in the community of Campo, San Diego County. Conducted cultural resources monitoring. Work performed
for CalTrans.
Grandview Pointe IS/MND Survey and Structres Evaluation (2016 - 2018). Staff Archaeologist for this
proposed residential development in the City of Oceanside. Conducted a historical evaluation and
reconnaissance survey of the two historical residences on the property and co-authored technical report. Work
performed for the City of Oceanside.
Archaeological Testing for the Buena Sanitation District Green Oak Sewer Replacement Project (2016 -
2017). Staff Archaeologist for this sewer main replacement project located in the City of Vista. Assisted in
archaeological testing set-up and co-authored technical report. Work performed for the City of Vista.
Archaeoogical Survey for the Riverpark Project (2015 - 2017). Crew Chief for this mitigation bank project near
the community of Nuevo in Riverside County. Supervised the survey of this 613-acre property with a three-person
crew, including the recordation of encountered cultural resources.
964 Urania Avenue Archaeological Testing (2017 - 2018). Crew Chief for this proposed residential
development in the City of Encinitas. Responsible for supervising a two-person crew in excavating shovel test pits
(STPs), including the completing notes and the collecting and labeling artifacts. Completed Department of Parks
and Recreation forms for archaeological sites and co-authored technical report. Work performed for the City of
Encinitas.
Daisy Avenue Archaeological Testing Project (2014 - 2018). Staff Archaeologist for this proposed residential
development in the City of Long Beach, Orange County. Participated in archaeological testing and co-authored
technical report.
Villa Storia Archaeological Evaluation (2014 - 2015). Crew Chief for the cultural resources assessment of this
property in the City of Oceanside. Responsible for supervising a four-person crew in archaeological testing by the
excavation of shovel test pits (STPs).
Buena Creek Due Dilligence Study (2015 - 2015). Staff Archaeologist for this proposed residential development
near the City of Vista, San Diego County. Conducted recordssearch, conducted field survey, and co-authored
technical report. The County of San Diego is the lead agency.
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312-400 South Euclid Historic Building Evaluation (2016 - 2017). Staff Archaeologist for this proposed
residential development in the City of Anaheim, Orange County. Conducted records search, conducted site visit,
including historical building assessment, and co-authored technical report. Work performed for KB Homes.
Lakeside 6 Survey (2016 - 2016). Staff Archaeologist for this proposed residential project in the community of
Lakeside, San Diego County. Conducted cultural resources field survey, conducted historical property research,
and co-authored technical report. Work performed for KB Homes.
San Elijo Joint Powers Authority Preliminary Design of Land Outfall Replacement and Permitting/CEQA
Compliance Study (2015 - 2016). Staff Archaeologist for this CEQA compliance project in the City of Encinitas.
Conducted records search, conducted cultural resources field survey, and co-authored technical report. Work
performed for the San Elijo Joint Powers Authority.
Palmdale Water District - Palmdale Regional Groundwater Recharge and Recovery Preliminary Design
EIR, EA, FONSI. Staff Archaeologist for this water district project Environmental Impact Report in the Palmdale
Water District, Los Angeles County. Co-authored the cultural section (section 5.3) of the Environmental Impact
Report. Work performed for the Palmdale Water District.
Otay Crossings Commerce Park EIR Survey (2016 - 2019). Staff Archaeologist for this proposed commercial
project Environmental Impact Report in the Otay Mesa area of San Diego County. Conducted records search,
conducted cultural resources field survey, completed Department of Parks and Recreation site record update, and
co-authored technical report in accordance with Army Corps of Engineers standards. Work performed for the
County of San Diego.
Orange County Sanitation District Newhope-Placentia Trunk Sewer Replacement, No. 2-72A (2015 - 2016).
Staff Archaeologist for this trunk sewer replacement project in the Orange County Sanitation District, Orange
County. Conducted historical research at the Fullerton Library, conducted a site visit to determine the presence of
historically significant or potentially significant structures within the project area, and co-authored technical report.
Work performed for the Orange County Sanitation District.
Mast Park Monitoring (2015 - 2016). Project Staff Archaeologist for this wetland habitat restoration project in the
City of Santee. Conducted cultural resources construction monitoring, completed Department of Parks and
Recreation site records, andco-authored technical report. Work performed for HELIX Construction Group and the
City of Santee.
SDG&E Solar Sites Testing (2014 - 2017). Crew Chief for solar project near Pala Indian Reservation in the
County of San Diego. Supervised a three-person crew in Phase II testing; responsible for test unit placement and
excavation, artifact identification, notes. Also conducted cultural resources construction monitoring for Pala solar
project and solar project in the community of Ramona, San Diego County. Co-authored report for Pala solar
project. Work performed for Merkel & Associates, Inc.
USD Master Plan and Conditional Use Permit (2015 - 2016). Staff Archaeologist for the cultural resources
technical report for USD’s Master Plan EIR. Co-authored technical report. Work performed as a subconsultant to
M.W. Steele Group, Inc., with University of San Diego as the lead agency.
Archaeological Montioring for the Old Mission San Luis Rey Cemetery Expansion Project (2016 - 2017).
Staff Archaeologist for a cultural resources monitoring program for the expansion of the cemetery at Old Mission
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San Luis Rey, an area of sensitivity in terms of archaeological, historic, and Native American cultural resources.
Conducted cultural resources construction monitoring. Worked performed for Old Mission San Luis Rey, with the
City of Oceanside as the lead agency.
Interstate 8 Water Main Crossing at Viewside Lane Environmental and Cultural Resources Services (2015
- 2016). Staff Archaeologist for proposed water main crossing in the community of Alpine, San Diego County.
Conducted records search, conducted cultural resources field survey, and co-authored technical report. Work
performed for the Padre Dam Municipal Water District.
Green Oak Villas Greenhouse Gas and Cultural Resources Testing (2016 - 2016). Staff Archaeologist for
proposed residential development in the City of Vista. Conducted records search, conducted cultural resources
field survey, acted as co-crew chief for Phase II testing, and co-authored technical report. Work performed for
Providence Capital Group, Inc. with the City of Vista as the lead agency.
Archaeological Testing for the F11 Development (2015 - 2017). Staff Archaeologist for a proposed mixed-use
commercial and residential tower in downtown San Diego. Participated in Phase II archaeological testing and
laboratory work, including cleaning, sorting, labeling, and researching historic artifacts. Work performed for the
Richman Group of Companies with the City of San Diego as the lead agency.
San Ysidro Community Plan Update (2016 - 2016). Staff Archaeologist for a Program EIR (PEIR) addressing a
proposed update to the San Ysidro Community Planthat covers approximately 1,800 acres near the international
border with Mexico. Co-authored PEIR Section 4.7 Historical Resources. Work performed for the City of San
Diego.
Pottery Canyon Mitigation Monitoring (2014 - 2016). Staff Archaeologist for a cultural resources monitoring
program in conjunction with contaminated soils remediation program at a significant historic archaeological site in
Pottery Canyon Park in the City of San Diego. Responsible for monitoring of contaminated soils capping,
collection and cataloging of artifacts outside the capped area, and co-authoring of a monitoring report. Work
performed for the City of San Diego.
Archaeological Monitoring for 28th Street between Island Avenue and Clay Avenue (2014 - 2018). Staff
Archaeologist for undergrounding utilities project in the Sherman Heights neighborhood of the City of San Diego.
Conducted field, laboratory, and office work including: cultural resources construction monitoring; cleaning,
sorting, labeling, cataloging, and researching of artifacts; completing Department of Parks and Recreation site
records; and co-authoring technical report. Work performed for the City of San Diego.
Surveys for the Nestor Creek Channel Maintenance - Permitting and MMP Individual Assessments (2015-
2016). Staff Archaeologist for creek channel maintenance program assessment in the City of San Diego.
Conducted cultural resources field surveys and co-authored IHA. Work performed for the City of San Diego.
Survey for the Smythe Channel Maintenance - Permitting and MMP Individual Assessments (2015-2016).
Staff Archaeologist for channel maintenance project in the City of San Diego. Conducted records search,
conducted cultural resources field survey, and co-authored IHA. Work performed for the City of San Diego.
Archaeological Survey for the 12 Oaks Winery Resort and Golf Community (2015 - 2018). Staff
Archaeologist for a cultural resources survey of approximately 650 acres for a proposed project in the County of
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Riverside. Participated in cultural resources field survey, completed Department of Parks and Recreation site
records, and co-authored technical report. Work performed for Standard Portfolio Temecula, LLC.
Previous Experience
California Department of Transportation (Caltrans) Associate Environmental Planner (Archaeology) PQS
Co-Principal Investigator 2020-Present.
Interstate 5 (I-5) North Coast Corridor Project. Archaeologist responsible for coordinating construction
monitoring for the construction phase of the I-5 expansion from San Elijo Lagoon north to Jefferson Street in San
Diego County.
State Route 163 Bridge Rail. Environmental Planner for this project proposing to upgrade the bridge rails of four
bridges spanning the SR-163 in the Cabrillo Historic District in the City of San Diego.
Tennessee Department of Transportation, Environmental Studies Specialist, Advanced, 2019-2020
SR-266 Road Widening D-List Categorical Exclusion. Author for this Federal Highway Administration-
approved NEPA document in Rutherford County, Tennessee. Completed the Section 4(f) De Minimis process for
multiple recreation areas and authored the report based upon archaeology,historical preservation, ecology,
hazardous materials, air and noise, Native American coordination, and multimodal transportation studies.
SR-13 Road Realignment D-List Categorical Exclusion. Author for this Federal Highway Administration-
approved NEPA document in Perry County, Tennessee. Authored the report based upon archaeology, historical
preservation, ecology, hazardous materials, air and noise, Native American coordination, and multimodal
transportation studies.
Coachella Valley Pole Replacements. Staff archaeologist for electrical pole replacement for the County of
Riverside. Conducted record search.
Juan Street Pothole Investigation. Staff archaeologist for storm drain project in the City of San Diego, Assisted
in report preparation.
Southern California Edison Pole Surveys. Staff archaeologist for electrical pole replacement for the Counties of
Riverside, Mono, and Inyo. Conducted record searched, pedestrian surveys and assisted in report preparation;
responsible for artifact identification and field notes.
Sunset Cliffs Archaeological Monitoring. Staff archaeologist for sewer pipeline in the City of San Diego.
Conducted cultural resource monitoring; responsible for artifact identification, monitoring notes, and assisting in
report preparation.
Verizon Rose Creek Data Recovery. Staff archaeologist for cell phone tower installation in the City of San
Diego. Participated in Phase I data recovery; responsible for excavation of shovel test pits, field notes.
Mission Cove Archaeological Data Recovery (2014 - 2015). Project Staff archaeologist for residential
development in the City of Oceanside. Participated in Phase II data recovery; responsible for excavation of shovel
test units, field notes.
Page | 6
San Diego Fish and Game Wetland Rehab Survey. Staff archaeologist for wetland rehabilitation for the County
of San Diego in the unincorporated community of Jamul. Conducted a pedestrian survey; responsible for artifact
identification.
El Toro Recycled Water Monitoring. Staff archaeologist for recycled water pipeline in the City of El Toro.
Conducted cultural resource monitoring; responsible for artifact identification, monitoring notes.
Newland Sierra. Staff archaeologist for commercial development in the City of Escondido. Conducted laboratory
analysis; responsible for artifact labeling, analysis, cataloging.
North County Transit District San Onofre Archaeological Monitoring and Testing. Staff archaeologist for the
expansion of railroad tracks on Marine Corps Base Camp Pendleton. Conducted cultural resource monitoring, test
excavations, laboratory analysis; responsible for artifact identification, monitoring notes, artifact labeling.
Ortega Highway Interchange Monitoring. Staff archaeologist for highway improvements in the City of San Juan
Capistrano. Conducted cultural resource monitoring; responsible for artifact identification, monitoring notes.
Poseidon Desalination Plant Monitoring. Staff archaeologist for water pipeline in the City of Carlsbad.
Conducted cultural resource monitoring, laboratory analysis; responsible for artifact identification, monitoring
notes, artifact analysis, cataloging.
Rincon Point. Staff archaeologist for residential development in the County of Santa Barbara. Assisted in
laboratory analysis; responsible for artifact identification and labeling.
Smoking Tree Survey. Staff archaeologist for the installation of wind turbines in the City of Palm Springs.
Conducted pedestrian survey; responsible for artifact identification, field notes.
Yokohl Ranch. Staff archaeologist for residential development in the County of Tulare. Conducted laboratory
analysis; responsible for artifact analysis, cataloging, soil flotation, wet screening.
Cuyamaca Rancho School Camp Monitoring. Archaeological intern for landscaping in Cuyamaca Rancho
State Park in the County of San Diego. Conducted cultural resource monitoring; responsible for artifact
identification, monitoring notes.
Silver Strand State Beach Monitoring. Archaeological intern for underground utilities in Silver Strand State
Beach in the City of San Diego. Conducted cultural resource monitoring; responsible for artifact identification,
monitoring notes.
Selected Publications
"Wisdom in the Waste: Obsidian Studies and Late Prehistoric Social Systems” Presentation for the San Diego
County Archaeological Society, 2013
Appendix B
Records Search
(Confidential, bound separately)
Appendix C
Native American Outreach
(Confidential, bound separately)
Appendix D
Stormwater Quality Management
Plan
County of San Diego
Green Streets PDP Exempt Stormwater Quality
Management Plan (SWQMP)
This form must accompany applications for Green Streets PDP-exempt projects such as a) development of new
sidewalks, bike lanes, and/or trails, or b) improvements to existing roads, sidewalks, bike lanes, and/or trails as
described in Section 1.4.3 of the County BMP Design Manual.
Project Identification
Project Information
Project Name
Project Street Address
Project City, State, Zip
Assessor’s Parcel Number
Project/Oracle Number
Avenida Encinas Costal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements
Carlsbad, CA, 92011
Applicant Information
Applicant Name
Applicant Phone Number
Applicant Email Address
Company Name
Company Address
Lawrence Paul Thornburgh
858-292-7770
larryt@nasland.com
Nasland Engineering
4740 Rufnner Street,
San Diego, CA 92111
Engineer’s Certification
Engineer’s Signature
PE Number
State of Licensure
I hereby declare that I am the Engineer in
Responsible Charge of design of
stormwater BMPs for this project.
(This item is only required at final
submittal).
Lawrence Paul Thornburgh
RCE #49795
California
Preparation Date: 12/6/23
Template Date: 4/11/19
-
County of San Diego Green Streets PDP Exempt SWQMP
Project Description
Describe project intent, existing/proposed drainage patterns, net increase in impervious area, and green
street performance strategies.
If the project consists entirely of “routine maintenance” activities as outlined in Table 1 2 of the County
BMPDM (i.e. road resurfacing, utility trenching, etc), clearly state so and provide a thorough description of
these activities. Routine maintenance projects are not required to complete the rest of this SWQMP form.
The proposed improvements on Avenida Encinas include new pedestrian improvements such as sidewalks,
bus stops, curb ramps, parkways with landscaping, as well as new bike lanes. A portion of the roadway on the
southern half of the project shall be widened.
The existing drainage pattern within the roadway generally consists of runoff contained by curb and gutter along
the shoulders. There are several low points within the corridor that capture the drainage via curb inlets or
asphalt spillways. Runoff from all points of connections drain to Encinas Creek which ultimately discharges to
the Pacific Ocean.
The proposed improvements encompass the removal and replacement of existing impervious areas such as
road pavement sections and existing curb ramps. The project proposes a total of 85,647 square feet of new
and replaced impervious areas, with a net increase in impervious areas of 60,589 square feet.
The proposed drainage consists of roadway sheet flow that is collected into the curb and gutter system and
discharges directly through curb cuts and curb inlets that enter biofiltration planters for treatment and to comply
with the green street design criteria. In order to comply with the County of San Diego Green Streets Design
Criteria, the design capture volume of only the net increase in impervious area is need to be treated, which in
this case the 60,589 square feet of impervious area minus the existing paved area to be removed of 23,215
square feet gives 62,432 square feet of required treatment area. The final Design Capture Volume is 2,716 cfs
and the required surface area for biofiltration planters is 1,700 square feet.
Template Date: 4/11/19 Page | 2
County of San Diego Green Streets PDP Exempt SWQMP
Best Management Practices
Minimize Impervious Area
Project considered use of pervious
pavements and constructs all impervious
features to the minimum widths necessary.
☒ Yes
☐ No
☐ Not Applicable
Conserve Natural Areas
Project preserves soils, vegetation,
waterbodies, existing trees, open space,
drainage patterns, and drainage features to
the maximum extent practicable.
☒ Yes
☐ No
☐ Not Applicable
Construction BMPs
Project implements all relevant construction
BMPs as depicted in Attachment 1.
☒ Yes
☐ No
☐ Not Applicable
Storm Drain Stenciling
Project stencils all new storm drain inlets as
depicted in Attachment 1.
☒ Yes
☐ No
☐ Not Applicable
Landscaping
Project uses only native and/or drought
tolerant species in the landscape palette as
depicted in Attachment 1.
☒ Yes
☐ No
☐ Not Applicable
Trash Storage
Project designs all trash storage areas to
prevent wind and water-based dispersal of
trash as depicted in Attachment 1.
☐ Yes
☐ No
☒ Not Applicable
Green Streets BMPs
Project implements Green Streets BMPs as
depicted in Attachment 2.
☒ Yes
☐ No
☐ Not Applicable
Additional Information
Provide a brief explanation for all “No”
answers above.
Template Date: 4/11/19 Page | 3
County of San Diego Green Streets PDP Exempt SWQMP
Attachment 1: Relevant Supporting Information
Include the following supporting information as needed:
Vicinity maps
Plans (i.e., grading plans, landscape plans, site plans, details, construction BMPs, permanent BMPs)
Drainage studies
Geotechnical studies
Other
Template Date: 4/11/19
County of San Diego Green Streets PDP Exempt SWQMP
Attachment 2: Green Streets BMP Information
Attachment 2A: Stormwater Pollutant Control Calculations
Include calculations showing that the Green Streets Performance Standard has been met. The performance
standard can be found in Section K.2.1 of Appendix K of the County BMPDM. The County’s Automated
Pollutant Control Worksheet can be found on the Development Resources website:
www.sandiegocounty.gov/stormwater
Template Date: 4/11/19
County of San Diego Automated Stormwater Pollutant Control Worksheets
(Version 2.0)
WELCOME:
Welcome to the County of San Diego Automated Stormwater Pollutant Control Worksheets. These worksheets may be used to demonstrate compliance with stormwater pollutant control standards set forth in the 2013
MS4 Permit for Priority Development Projects and Green Street Projects.
INSTRUCTIONS:
General: To use this workbook, navigate to each of the worksheet tabs below and populate all yellow cells with project specific information. Yellow cells require user input, white cells are locked for editing and are
automatically calculated, blue cells are also locked for editing and are automatically populated based on results from previous worksheet tabs, grey cells are items that do not require user input because of previous user
inputs, orange cells represent warnings where supplemental information and/or revisions may be required for compliance. The worksheets are formatted to accommodate calculations for up to 10 drainage areas and
associated BMPs. Each drainage area and BMP is represented as a discrete column with corresponding user inputs and calculations appearing in the rows below. Please note that projects with more than 10 drainage areas
may need to use more than one workbook to accommodate the entire project.
Step 1. DCV: Provide the required inputs to determine the design capture volume for each PDP drainage area. The calculations in this worksheet determine the initial design capture volume and also apply any applicable
reductions associated with site design techniques including dispersion to pervious surfaces, incorporation of tree wells, and incorporation of rain barrels.
Step 2. Retention Requirements: Provide required inputs to determine the minimum retention requirements for each drainage area.
Step 3. BMP Performance: Provide required inputs to determine the portion of the pollutant control performance standards that are satisfied by the proposed BMPs.
Reduced Size BMP Maintenance (optional): If BMPs with a footprint of less than 3% of the effective impervious tributary are proposed, provide required inputs to determine the anticipated frequency for major BMP
maintenance activities.
DISCLAIMER:
The County of San Diego has developed this tool in an effort to streamline traditionally complex efforts associated with planning, design, submittal, and review of PDPs that are subject to stormwater pollutant control
requirements set forth in the 2013 MS4 Permit. While the calculations performed herein are deemed to be in compliance with Permit requirements, applicants may elect to provide their own calculations. Use of this tool is
optional and the County will not be held liable for any errors or other negative impacts associated with its use. In the event that the County performs updates to these worksheets, applicants that have not established
reliance on previous versions of the worksheet via discretionary approval may be required to utilize the latest version of the worksheets. A summary of version releases is included below.
QUESTIONS:
-Questions relating to specific projects, submittal requirements, approval process, and/or policy-related issues should be directed your PDS Land Development Project Manager (link below).
PDS Land Development Project Manager
-General questions/comments on this worksheet may be directed to Charles Mohrlock in the County of San Diego Watershed Protection Program (link below).
charles.mohrlock@sdcounty.ca.gov
Automated Worksheet B.1: Calculation of Design Capture Volume (V2.0)
Category # Description i ii iii iv v vi vii viii ix x Units
1 Drainage Basin ID or Name A unitless
2 85th Percentile 24-hr Storm Depth 0.58 inches
3 Impervious Surfaces Not Directed to Dispersion Area (C=0.90) 62,432 sq-ft
4 Semi-Pervious Surfaces Not Serving as Dispersion Area (C=0.30) sq-ft
Engineered Pervious Surfaces Not Serving as Dispersion Area (C=0.10) sq-ft
6 Natural Type A Soil Not Serving as Dispersion Area (C=0.10) sq-ft
7 Natural Type B Soil Not Serving as Dispersion Area (C=0.14) sq-ft
8 Natural Type C Soil Not Serving as Dispersion Area (C=0.23) sq-ft
9 Natural Type D Soil Not Serving as Dispersion Area (C=0.30) sq-ft
Does Tributary Incorporate Dispersion, Tree Wells, and/or Rain Barrels? No No No No No No No No No No yes/no
11 Impervious Surfaces Directed to Dispersion Area per SD-B (Ci=0.90) sq-ft
12 Semi-Pervious Surfaces Serving as Dispersion Area per SD-B (Ci=0.30) sq-ft
13 Engineered Pervious Surfaces Serving as Dispersion Area per SD-B (Ci=0.10) sq-ft
14 Natural Type A Soil Serving as Dispersion Area per SD-B (Ci=0.10) sq-ft
Natural Type B Soil Serving as Dispersion Area per SD-B (Ci=0.14) sq-ft
16 Natural Type C Soil Serving as Dispersion Area per SD-B (Ci=0.23) sq-ft
17 Natural Type D Soil Serving as Dispersion Area per SD-B (Ci=0.30) sq-ft
18 Number of Tree Wells Proposed per SD-A #
19 Average Mature Tree Canopy Diameter ft
Number of Rain Barrels Proposed per SD-E #
21 Average Rain Barrel Size gal
22 Total Tributary Area 62,432 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 sq-ft
23 Initial Runoff Factor for Standard Drainage Areas 0.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 unitless
24 Initial Runoff Factor for Dispersed & Dispersion Areas 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 unitless
Initial Weighted Runoff Factor 0.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 unitless
26 Initial Design Capture Volume 2,716 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cubic-feet
27 Total Impervious Area Dispersed to Pervious Surface 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 sq-ft
28 Total Pervious Dispersion Area 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 sq-ft
29 Ratio of Dispersed Impervious Area to Pervious Dispersion Area n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a ratio
Adjustment Factor for Dispersed & Dispersion Areas 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 ratio
31 Runoff Factor After Dispersion Techniques 0.90 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a unitless
32 Design Capture Volume After Dispersion Techniques 2,716 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cubic-feet
33 Total Tree Well Volume Reduction 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cubic-feet
34 Total Rain Barrel Volume Reduction 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cubic-feet
Final Adjusted Runoff Factor 0.90 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 unitless
36 Final Effective Tributary Area 56,189 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 sq-ft
37 Initial Design Capture Volume Retained by Site Design Elements 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cubic-feet
38 Final Design Capture Volume Tributary to BMP 2,716 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cubic-feet
Dispersion
Area, Tree Well
& Rain Barrel
Inputs
(Optional)
Standard
Drainage Basin
Inputs
Results
Tree & Barrel
Adjustments
Initial Runoff
Factor
Calculation
Dispersion
Area
Adjustments
No Warning Messages
5
10
15
20
25
30
35
False
False
Automated Worksheet B.2: Retention Requirements (V2.0)
Category # Description i ii iii iv v vi vii viii ix x Units
1 Drainage Basin ID or Name A --------- unitless
2 85th Percentile Rainfall Depth 0.58 --------- inches
3 Predominant NRCS Soil Type Within BMP Location D unitless
4 Is proposed BMP location Restricted or Unrestricted for Infiltration Activities? Restricted unitless
5 Nature of Restriction n/a unitless
6 Do Minimum Retention Requirements Apply to this Project? No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes yes/no
7 Are Habitable Structures Greater than 9 Stories Proposed? No yes/no
8 Has Geotechnical Engineer Performed an Infiltration Analysis? No yes/no
9 Design Infiltration Rate Recommended by Geotechnical Engineer in/hr
10 Design Infiltration Rate Used To Determine Retention Requirements 0.000 --------- in/hr
11 Percent of Average Annual Runoff that Must be Retained within DMA 0.0% --------- percentage
12 Fraction of DCV Requiring Retention 0.00 --------- ratio
13 Required Retention Volume 0 --------- cubic-feet
Advanced
Analysis
Basic Analysis
Result
Attention!
False
-Retention requirements have been omitted in these calculations. Such an omission is only be acceptable for Green Street projects or projects that submit supplemental calculations demonstrating retention requirements are satisfied at the project-level.
Automated Worksheet B.3: BMP Performance (V2.0)
Category # Description i ii iii iv v vi vii viii ix x Units
1 Drainage Basin ID or Name A ---------sq-ft
2 Design Infiltration Rate Recommended 0.000 ---------in/hr
3 Design Capture Volume Tributary to BMP 2,716 ---------cubic-feet
4 Is BMP Vegetated or Unvegetated? Vegetated unitless
5 Is BMP Impermeably Lined or Unlined? Lined unitless
6 Does BMP Have an Underdrain? Underdrain unitless
7 Does BMP Utilize Standard or Specialized Media? Standard unitless
8 Provided Surface Area 1,700 sq-ft
9 Provided Surface Ponding Depth 6 inches
10 Provided Soil Media Thickness 18 inches
11 Provided Gravel Thickness (Total Thickness) 12 inches
12 Underdrain Offset 3 inches
13 Diameter of Underdrain or Hydromod Orifice (Select Smallest) 8.00 inches
14 Specialized Soil Media Filtration Rate in/hr
15 Specialized Soil Media Pore Space for Retention unitless
16 Specialized Soil Media Pore Space for Biofiltration unitless
17 Specialized Gravel Media Pore Space unitless
18 Volume Infiltrated Over 6 Hour Storm 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cubic-feet
19 Ponding Pore Space Available for Retention 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 unitless
20 Soil Media Pore Space Available for Retention 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 unitless
21 Gravel Pore Space Available for Retention (Above Underdrain) 0.00 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 unitless
22 Gravel Pore Space Available for Retention (Below Underdrain) 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 unitless
23 Effective Retention Depth 2.10 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 inches
24 Fraction of DCV Retained (Independent of Drawdown Time) 0.11 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ratio
25 Calculated Retention Storage Drawdown Time 120 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 hours
26 Efficacy of Retention Processes 0.13 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ratio
27 Volume Retained by BMP (Considering Drawdown Time) 355 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cubic-feet
28 Design Capture Volume Remaining for Biofiltration 2,361 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cubic-feet
29 Max Hydromod Flow Rate through Underdrain 2.6128 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 cfs
30 Max Soil Filtration Rate Allowed by Underdrain Orifice 66.40 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 in/hr
31 Soil Media Filtration Rate per Specifications 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 5.00 in/hr
32 Soil Media Filtration Rate to be used for Sizing 5.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 in/hr
33 Depth Biofiltered Over 6 Hour Storm 30.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 inches
34 Ponding Pore Space Available for Biofiltration 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 unitless
35 Soil Media Pore Space Available for Biofiltration 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 0.20 unitless
36 Gravel Pore Space Available for Biofiltration (Above Underdrain) 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 0.40 unitless
37 Effective Depth of Biofiltration Storage 13.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 inches
38 Drawdown Time for Surface Ponding 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 hours
39 Drawdown Time for Effective Biofiltration Depth 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 hours
40 Total Depth Biofiltered 43.20 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 inches
41 Option 1 - Biofilter 1.50 DCV: Target Volume 3,541 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cubic-feet
42 Option 1 - Provided Biofiltration Volume 3,541 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cubic-feet
43 Option 2 - Store 0.75 DCV: Target Volume 1,771 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cubic-feet
44 Option 2 - Provided Storage Volume 1,771 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 cubic-feet
45 Portion of Biofiltration Performance Standard Satisfied 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ratio
46 Do Site Design Elements and BMPs Satisfy Annual Retention Requirements? Yes ---------yes/no
47 Overall Portion of Performance Standard Satisfied (BMP Efficacy Factor) 1.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 ratio
48 Deficit of Effectively Treated Stormwater 0 n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a n/a cubic-feet
Biofiltration
Calculations
Result
No Warning Messages
Retention
Calculations
BMP Inputs
False
False
False
False
False
False
False
False
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
Item Value
Required Treatment Volume
Land Use of new Impervious Area
Total New Impervious Area
85th Percentile Rainfall Depth
Runoff Coefficient
Required Treatment Volume
Transportation
62,432
0.58
0.9
2,716
Provided Treatment Volume
Land Use of Treated Area
Land Use Factor
Conventional Treatment Volume
Alternative Treatment Volume
Final Treatment Volume
Transportation
1.00
2,716
0
2,716
Result Is Project Green Street Compliant?
Optional Credit
Compliant
0
County of San Diego Green Streets PDP Exempt SWQMP
Attachment 2B: Stormwater Pollutant Control DMA Exhibits
The attached exhibits must identify:
Underlying hydrologic soil group
Approximate depth to groundwater if less than 10 ft
Existing natural hydrologic features (watercourses, seeps, springs, wetlands)
Existing topography and impervious areas
Existing and proposed site drainage network and connections to drainage offsite
Proposed demolition
Proposed grading
Proposed impervious features
Proposed design features and surface treatments used to minimize imperviousness
Drainage management area (DMA) boundaries, DMA ID numbers, and DMA areas (square footage or
acreage), and DMA type (i.e., drains to BMP, self-retaining, or self-mitigating)
Potential pollutant source areas and corresponding required source controls (see Chapter 4, Appendix
E.1, and Step 3.5)
Green Streets BMPs (identify location, BMP ID #, type of BMP, and size/detail)
Relevant plans: site, grading, improvement, profile, detail, construction BMP
Template Date: 4/11/19
County of San Diego Green Streets PDP Exempt SWQMP
Attachment 2C: BMP Maintenance Plan
Include a maintenance plan for each Green Streets BMP type. Fill out the BMP Maintenance table below. BMP
maintenance guidelines can be found in Appendix E and K of the County BMP Design Manual.
BMP ID BMP type BMP Category
(1-4)
BF-1 Biofiltration 4
Choose an item. 4
Choose an item. 4
Choose an item. 4
Choose an item. 4
Choose an item. 4
Choose an item. 4
Choose an item. 4
Choose an item. 4
Choose an item. 4
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Choose an item. 4
Choose an item. 4
Template Date: 4/11/19
Appendix E
Hydraulic Report
HYDRAULIC REPORT
FOR
AVENIDA ENCINAS COASTAL RAIL TRAIL AND PEDESTRIAN
IMPROVEMENTS (SEGMENT 3)
IN THE VICINITY OF
CARLSBAD
Prepared For:
CITY OF CARLSBAD
1635 Faraday Ave.
Carlsbad, CA 92008
Prepared By:
Nasland Engineering
4740 Ruffner Street
San Diego, CA 92111
1
TABLE OF CONTENTS
ITEM
1.0 INTRODUCTION
1.1 PROJECT LOCATION
1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
1.3 EXISTING DRAINAGE PATTERNS
2.0 METHODOLOGY
2.1 HYDROLOGY
2.1.1 Rational Method
2.1.2 Runoff Coefficient
2.1.3 Rainfall Intensity
2.1.4 Time of Concentration
2.2 HYDRAULIC DESIGN
2.2.1 Inlet Capacity Design
3.0 SOFTWARE USED
4.0 SUMMARY
4.1 HYDROLOGIC ASSESSMENT
APPENDICES:
A: HYDROLOGY CALCULATIONS
B: HYDROLOGIC ASSESSMENT
Curb Inlet Capacity Analysis
C: DRAINAGE BASIN MAP
D: REFERENCE MAPS AND TABLES
2
lliY IMAP
·s..
1.0 INTRODUCTION
The objective of this hydraulic study is to evaluate the proposed storm water conveyance
system for the improvements along Avenida Encinas. This Hydraulic Study has been prepared
to comply with the methods and standards set forth by the County of San Diego’s Hydrology
Manual (June 2003) and the County of San Diego Hydraulic Design Manual (September 2014).
This report includes an analysis of the 6 drainage basin areas that are associated with the
proposed improvements along Avenida Encinas, and also the proposed curb inlets designed to
capture the onsite storm water generated from drainage basins A2, B2, C1, and C2 (see
Appendix C).
1.1 PROJECT LOCATION
The project is located along Avenida Encinas from Palomar Airport Road to Embarcadero Lane
in the City of Carlsbad.
3
1.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Avenida encinas is scheduled to be improved along approximately a 5400-foot stretch ranging
from Palomar Airport Road to approximately Embarcadero Lane. The proposed improvements
include the partial roadway widening of Avenida Encinas to include a new sidewalk, medians
with parkways with landscaping, biofiltration planters, and bike lanes along the road.
1.3 EXISTING DRAINAGE
The existing drainage patterns near the proposed site located on Avenida Encinas consists of
roadway and commercial sheet flow. Runoff from the street is collected into the curb and
gutter on the west/east sides of the street. The existing drainage is considered to be three
basins. Basins A, B, and C. Basin A is the north part of Avenida Encinas, which receives sheet
flow from the street into the curb and gutter and discharges to an existing metal flume on the
west side and to the east to an existing curb inlet. Basin B, is considered to be the middle
section of the road. This basin receives sheet flow onto curb and gutter and discharges to west
and east into an existing curb inlet. Basin C is the south portion of Avenida Encinas, which
receives flow from the road and sheet flows to a low point were runoff is collected via concrete
headwall that connects to a 36” RCP pipe. All three basins discharge west to the Encinas Creek
and ultimately discharge to the Pacific Ocean.
Run-on from the adjacent private properties is not included in the calculations for this report.
Only drainage from the roadway was used to for the hydrologic analysis.
1.4 PROPOSED DRAINAGE
The proposed drainage consists of roadway sheet flow that is collected into curb and gutter
system and discharge directly through curb cuts in which runoff can discharge to the proposed
planters or can also discharge to the proposed curb inlets. Runoff from the street is treated by
the biofiltration planters per County of San Diego Green Streets Design Criteria. See Proposed
Hydrology Exhibit Appendix C. The site was divided into six basins in which drain to three
existing low points of Avenida Encinas. Basin 1A consists the existing north east half of the road
and portion of the proposed landscape median. Runoff sheet flows directly to an existing curb
inlet that connects to a storm drain pipe and discharge to the Encinas Creek. Basin 2A consists
of the north west half of the road, which consists of portion of the existing road and the
proposed widening of the road, new sidewalk, median, and parkway. Runoff is collected into
planters and curb inlet, which discharges to Encinas Creek. Basin B1 consists of the top portion
of the existing road and proposed landscaped medians. Runoff collected from this side of the
road drains directly to an existing curb inlet, and connects to a 36” RCP that discharges to an
exiting triple box culvert that discharges to Encinas Creek. Basin B2 is the other north west side
of the road that consist of portion of the existing road and the widen road with the proposed
4
sidewalk, parkway, and medians. Runoff discharges directly into an existing curb inlet that also
connects to the triple box culvert via an 18” RCP pipe. Basin C1 consists of a portion of existing
road, and the proposed widening, sidewalk, parkway, and median. Runoff sheet flows into
planters and proposed curb inlet and connect to an existing 36” RCP that connects to an
existing type F inlet and connects to another 36” RCP before discharging to the Encinas Creek.
Lastly, Basin C2 consists of half of the south west road that includes portion of existing road,
portion of the proposed widening, proposed sidewalk, parkway, and medians. Runoff
discharges to a proposed curb inlet that connects a proposed 36” RCP that connects to the
proposed curb inlet on the east side of the road to connect to the existing storm drain system
and discharge to the Encinas Creek. All of the storm drains systems connect and eventually
discharge to the Pacific Ocean.
2.0 METHODOLOGY
2.1 HYDROLOGY
Hydrologic analysis was conducted to determine the 100-year design storm peak runoff rate to
the proposed Type-B inlets. All hydrologic analysis was prepared using the rational method in
accordance with the San Diego County Hydrology Manual (See Appendix A for calculations).
2.1.1 Rational Method
The rational method formula estimates the peak rate or runoff at any location within a
watershed. The rational method assumes that the peak runoff rate is generated from
constant rainfall intensity over an area for a specific duration of time. The duration of time is
equal to the time of concentration which is defined as the time required for a rain drop to
fall at the most upstream point in the tributary drainage basin to the point in question. The
rational method equation is as follows:
Q = CIA
Where
Q = Peak Discharge Rate (cfs)
C = Runoff Coefficient
I = Rainfall Intensity (in/hr)
A = Tributary Area (acres)
2.1.2 Runoff Coefficient
The runoff coefficient is the percentage of excess rainfall that will flow overland at the point
of interest. The runoff coefficient is based on the surface type and the soil type. The runoff
coefficient can be represented by the equation below:
C = 0.9 (%imp) + Cp (% pervious)
5
Where:
C = Runoff Coefficient
% imp = Percent of impervious surface with 90% runoff
% per = Percent of pervious surfaces (%per = 1 - %imp)
Cp = Pervious Runoff Coefficient based on soil type
For the Avenida Encinas hydrology drainage area the pervious runoff coefficient is assumed
to be Type D hydrologic soils with a Cp = 0.35.
2.1.3 Rainfall Intensity
The rainfall intensity (I) is the constant rate of rainfall over the tributary area for a duration
of time that is equal to the time of concentration for a selected design storm frequency. To
estimate the rainfall intensity an Intensity-Duration design chart (Figure 3-1 of the Hydrology
Manual) was used. The Intensity-Duration design chart is modeled after the following
equation:
I = 7.44 P6 D-.645
Where
I = Rainfall intensity specific to Design storm (in/hr)
P6 = 6-hour storm rainfall amount (in)
D = Storm Duration which equals the Time of Concentration, Tc
The 6-hour rainfall amount is determined for the storm event in question from Isopluvial
Maps located in Appendix B of the Hydrology Manual. For Avenida Encinas, the 100-year
design storm was analyzed for the road way drainage. The 6-hour storm rainfall amount is as
follows:
100 Year Storm Event P6 = 2.6 in
2.1.4 Time of Concentration
The time of concentrations (Tc) is the time required for the runoff to flow from the most
remote part of the drainage area to the point of interest. The time of concentration is
calculated as the sum of the initial time of concentration (Ti) and the travel time (Tt).
Tc = Ti + Tt
Initial Time of Concentration
The initial time of concentration is based on sheet flow conditions at the upstream portion of
the drainage basin. Sheet flow conditions are analyzed using the Overland Time of Flow
developed by the Federal Aviation Agency (FAA). This method is based on the following
equation:
6
1.8∗(1.1–C)√D𝑇i = 3√S
Where:
Ti = Initial time of concentration (min)
C = Weighted runoff coefficient
D = Distance or length of sheet flow (ft)
S = Slope of sheet flow (%)
Travel Time
The travel time is the time required for the runoff to flow in a channelized flow condition
from the upper portion of the watershed to the point of interest. The channel velocity is
calculated assuming the uniform flow conditions thus validating the Manning Equation. The
velocity is then converted to the travel time by following equation:
𝐿 𝑇t = 60𝑣
Where: Tt = Travel Time (min)
L = length of channel (ft)
V = Flow velocity in channel (ft/s)
2.2 HYDRAULIC DESIGN CRITERIA
The roadway widening improvements for Avenida Encinas include the installation of three new
curb inlets Type-B per SDRSD D-02 and biofiltration planters that will collect onsite storm water
from corresponding hydrology basins. The roadway drainage system will capture storm water
runoff in the curb and gutter system and discharge into the corresponding curb inlets. The
proposed curb inlet has been sized using the rational method in accordance with the San Diego
County Hydrology Manual. The 100-year flow rates calculated by the rational method are used
to design the length of the inlet openings that are required to capture 100% of the storm water
generated by the storm event for the basin area.
2.2.1 Inlet Capacity Design
Inlet capacity is critical to intercepting roadway drainage. Inlets on a continuous grade must
be designed to intercept a minimum of 85 percent of the peak discharge from the 50-year
design storm. Inlets located in a sump condition must fully intercept the peak discharge
from the 100-year design event.
7
To intercept the excess storm water from the road curb and gutter system, three Type-B
curb inlets per San Diego’s Regional standard drawings will be placed along the alignment of
Avenida Encinas. This places the inlet into a sump condition based on the following
assumption: 1) the inlet capacity is greater than the approaching excess storm water.
The inlet capacity for the Type-B curb inlets were analyzed under both weir and orifice
conditions. The inlet capacity governed by the weir condition is calculated as:
𝑄 = 𝐶w𝐿w𝑑3/2 For Curb Inlets
Where:
Q = inlet capacity governed by weir flow (cfs)
Cw = Weir Coefficient (Cw = 3.00)
LW = Effective Weir Length (Curb Opening) (ft)
d = flow depth (ft)
The inlet capacity governed by the orifice flow condition is calculated as:
𝑄 = 𝐶oℎ𝐿(2𝑔𝑑)1/2 For Curb Inlets
Where:
Q = inlet capacity governed by orifice flow (cfs) L = Curb Opening Length
Co = Orifice Coefficient (CO = 0.67) g = gravitational acceleration (32.2 ft/s2)
h = Curb Opening Height d = effective depth of flow at curb face (ft)
Note: See Appendix B for the Hydrologic Assessment and sizing of the proposed Type B curb inlets.
3.0 SOFTWARE USED
Computer aided software will be used to assist in hydraulic modeling of the storm water
conveyance system. Programs used for hydraulic analysis are Autodesk Hydraflow Storm
Sewers 2018.
Autodesk Hydraflow Storm Sewers 2018
Hydraflow will be used to analyze the hydraulic grade line for the underground storm drain
system within the roadway. Hydraflow Storm Sewer uses the energy-based standard step
method to compute the hydraulic profile. This method is an iterative procedure that applies
8
Bernoulli’s Energy Equation between the downstream and upstream ends of each line in the
system. It uses Manning’s equation to determine head losses due to pipe friction. Using this
method, a solution can always be found regardless of the flow regime. This method makes no
assumptions as to depth of flow and is only accepted when the energy equation has balanced.
4.0 SUMMARY
The hydraulic calculations shown in this report provide a base understanding of what is
required for the proposed curb inlets drainage facilities. The 100% improvements plans propose
the widening of Avenida encinas that includes new sidewalks, parkways, medians, curb ramps,
biofiltration planters, curb and gutter, new storm drain pipes, and curb inlets. The proposed
development will create new impervious areas, thus increasing storm water runoff. The
following is a summary of the Hydrology Calculations that are attached at the end of this report.
For more information on the hydrology calculations and hydrologic assessment that was used
for the curb inlets sizing see Appendix B.
Rainfall Precipitation Depths 100 Year
Event
P6 = 2.6
P24 = 4.5
P6/P24 = 57.77%
Basin
Tributary
Area,
A (acres)
Runoff
Coefficient, C
Time of
Concentration
(min)
Rainfall Intensity, I
(in/hr)
Runoff
Rate,
Q (cfs)
A1
A2
B1
B2
C1
1.14
1.28
1.95
1.94
1.67
0.88
0.84
0.87
0.85
0.86
6.71
7.70
7.91
7.22
12.33
5.67
5.19
5.09
5.40
3.83
5.72
5.55
8.61
8.85
5.52
C2 2.03 0.79 12.98 3.70 5.90
4.1 HYDROLOGIC ASSESSMENT
9
Hydrologic assessment was conducted to determine the 100-year design storm peak runoff rate
to the proposed Type-B curb inlets. Basin A2 was calculated to have a runoff flow rate of 5.55
cfs flowing into the Type B inlet. The flow rate of Basin A2 was used to find the minimum length
of 3 feet for the cub inlet in a sump condition. Basin C1 was determined to have a peak runoff
rate of 5.52 cfs, the curb inlet was then sized to have a minimum curb opening of 3 feet. Lastly,
Basin C2 was calculated to have a peak runoff rate of 5.90 cfs, the curb inlet was sized to have a
minimum curb opening of 3 feet. All proposed curb inlets were designed to intercept 100% of
the peak runoff generated by their respective hydrologic areas. See Appendix B for more
information and calculations.
REFERENCES
County of San Diego Standard Urban Storm water Mitigation Plan Requirements for Development
Applications by San Diego County, Dated January 8, 2011
Best Management Practices for Erosion and Sediment Control & Storm Water Retention/Detention by
San Diego County Association of Resource Conservation Districts, San Diego County Edition
County of San Diego County Hydrology Manual prepared by the County of San Diego Department of
Public Works, Flood Control Section, June 2003
San Diego County Hydraulic Design Manual by County of San Diego Department of Public Works, Flood
Control Section, September 2014
10
APPENDIX A
HYDROLOGY CALCULATIONS
11
,L --60
BASIN DATA: PROPOSED CONDITIONS
Runoff Coefficient
Sub
Area
Area
(acres) % Impervious % Pervious Description C Value
Basin
A1 1.14
Hydrologic Soil Type D
97.1% 2.9% Street/Landscaping/Planter 0.88
Time of concentration
Sheet Flow
Basin
A1
Node C Value
0.88
L (ft)
51.00
Δ Height (ft)
0.50
Slope (%)
0.98
Ti (min)
2.80
Channelized Flow
Basin
A1
Channel
Description
Gutter Flow
Node
Channel
Length (ft)
1230.00
Δ Height (ft)
32.40
Average Q
(cfs)
2.86
Velocity (fps)
5.24
Tt (min)
3.91
Total Time of Concentration
Basin Ti (min) Tt (min)
A1 2.80 3.91
Tc (min)
6.71
100 YEAR - 6 HOUR Storm P6 = 2.6 in
Basin C Value Tc (mins) Intensity (in/hr) Area (acres) Runoff (Q, cfs)
A1 0.88 6.71 5.67 1.14 5.72
Note: See the charts and graphs used for the hydrologic calculations at the end of this study.
BASIN SUMMARY
Runoff to existing curb inlet at low point of Basin A1.
5.72 cfs
,L --60
BASIN DATA: PROPOSED CONDITIONS
Runoff Coefficient
Sub
Area
Area
(acres) % Impervious % Pervious Description C Value
Basin
A2 1.28
Hydrologic Soil Type D
88.3% 11.7% Street/Landscaping/ Planter 0.84
Time of concentration
Sheet Flow
Basin
A2
Node C Value
0.84
L (ft)
35.00
Δ Height (ft)
0.17
Slope (%)
0.49
Ti (min)
3.58
Channelized Flow
Basin
A2
Channel
Description
Gutter Flow
Node
Channel
Length (ft)
1300.00
Δ Height (ft)
34.45
Average Q
(cfs)
2.78
Velocity (fps)
5.26
Tt (min)
4.12
Total Time of Concentration
Basin Ti (min) Tt (min)
A2 3.58 4.12
Tc (min)
7.70
100 YEAR - 6 HOUR Storm P6 = 2.6 in
Basin C Value Tc (mins) Intensity (in/hr) Area (acres) Runoff (Q, cfs)
A2 0.84 7.70 5.19 1.28 5.55
Note: See the charts and graphs used for the hydrologic calculations at the end of this study.
BASIN SUMMARY
Runoff to proposed Type B curb inlet at low point of Basin A2.
5.55 cfs
,L --60
BASIN DATA: PROPOSED CONDITIONS
Runoff Coefficient
Sub
Area
Area
(acres) % Impervious % Pervious Description C Value
Basin
B1 1.95
Hydrologic Soil Type D
93.7% 6.3% Street/Landscaping 0.87
Time of concentration
Sheet Flow
Basin
B1
Node C Value
0.87
L (ft)
32.00
Δ Height (ft)
0.32
Slope (%)
1.00
Ti (min)
2.39
Channelized Flow
Basin
B1
Channel
Description
Gutter Flow
Node
Channel
Length (ft)
1070.00
Δ Height (ft)
10.68
Average Q
(cfs)
4.31
Velocity (fps)
3.23
Tt (min)
5.53
Total Time of Concentration
Basin Ti (min) Tt (min)
B1 2.39 5.53
Tc (min)
7.91
100 YEAR - 6 HOUR Storm P6 = 2.6 in
Basin C Value Tc (mins) Intensity (in/hr) Area (acres) Runoff (Q, cfs)
B1 0.87 7.91 5.09 1.95 8.61
Note: See the charts and graphs used for the hydrologic calculations at the end of this study.
BASIN SUMMARY
Runoff to existing curb inlet at low point of Basin B1.
8.61 cfs
,L --60
BASIN DATA: PROPOSED CONDITIONS
Runoff Coefficient
Sub
Area
Area
(acres) % Impervious % Pervious Description C Value
Basin
B2 1.94
Hydrologic Soil Type D
90.3% 9.7% Street/Landscaping 0.85
Time of concentration
Sheet Flow
Basin
B2
Node C Value
0.85
L (ft)
50.00
Δ Height (ft)
0.73
Slope (%)
1.46
Ti (min)
2.84
Channelized Flow
Basin
B2
Channel
Description
Gutter Flow
Node
Channel
Length (ft)
1217.00
Δ Height (ft)
25.03
Average Q
(cfs)
4.43
Velocity (fps)
4.63
Tt (min)
4.38
Total Time of Concentration
Basin Ti (min) Tt (min)
B2 2.84 4.38
Tc (min)
7.22
100 YEAR - 6 HOUR Storm P6 = 2.6 in
Basin C Value Tc (mins) Intensity (in/hr) Area (acres) Runoff (Q, cfs)
B2 0.85 7.22 5.40 1.94 8.85
Note: See the charts and graphs used for the hydrologic calculations at the end of this study.
BASIN SUMMARY
Runoff to existing curb inlet at low point of Basin B2.
8.85 cfs
,L --60
BASIN DATA: PROPOSED CONDITIONS
Runoff Coefficient
Sub
Area
Area
(acres) % Impervious % Pervious Description C Value
Basin
C1 1.67
Hydrologic Soil Type D
93.2% 6.8% Street/Landscaping/Planter 0.86
Time of concentration
Sheet Flow
Basin
C1
Node C Value
0.86
L (ft)
31.00
Δ Height (ft)
0.73
Slope (%)
2.00
Ti (min)
1.89
Channelized Flow
Basin
C1
Channel
Description
Gutter Flow
Node
Channel
Length (ft)
1485.00
Δ Height (ft)
7.99
Average Q
(cfs)
2.76
Velocity (fps)
2.37
Tt (min)
10.44
Total Time of Concentration
Basin Ti (min) Tt (min)
C1 1.89 10.44
Tc (min)
12.33
100 YEAR - 6 HOUR Storm P6 = 2.6 in
Basin C Value Tc (mins) Intensity (in/hr) Area (acres) Runoff (Q, cfs)
C1 0.86 12.33 3.83 1.67 5.52
Note: See the charts and graphs used for the hydrologic calculations at the end of this study.
BASIN SUMMARY
Runoff to proposed Type B curb inlet at low point of Basin C1.
5.52 cfs
,L --60
BASIN DATA: PROPOSED CONDITIONS
Runoff Coefficient
Sub
Area
Area
(acres) % Impervious % Pervious Description C Value
Basin
C2 2.03
Hydrologic Soil Type D
79.3% 20.7% Street/Landscaping/Planter 0.79
Time of concentration
Sheet Flow
Basin
C2
Node C Value
0.79
L (ft)
48.00
Δ Height (ft)
0.73
Slope (%)
2.00
Ti (min)
3.11
Channelized Flow
Basin
C2
Channel
Description
Gutter Flow
Node
Channel
Length (ft)
1430.00
Δ Height (ft)
7.99
Average Q
(cfs)
2.95
Velocity (fps)
2.41
Tt (min)
9.87
Total Time of Concentration
Basin Ti (min) Tt (min)
C2 3.11 9.87
Tc (min)
12.98
100 YEAR - 6 HOUR Storm P6 = 2.6 in
Basin C Value Tc (mins) Intensity (in/hr) Area (acres) Runoff (Q, cfs)
C2 0.79 12.98 3.70 2.03 5.90
Note: See the charts and graphs used for the hydrologic calculations at the end of this study.
BASIN SUMMARY
Runoff to proposed Type B curb inlet at low point of Basin C2.
5.90 cfs
Channelized Flow Analysis
Basin B2 - Gutter Flow
L = 1217.00 ft
H = 25.03 ft
S = 0.021 ft/ft
Gutter Flow - Manning
D 6.00 in
A 4.75 ft2
P 25.60 ft
R 0.19 ft
n 0.015 Concrete
S 0.021 ft/ft
V 4.63 ft/s
Basin C2 - Gutter Flow
L = 1430.00 ft
H = 7.99 ft
S = 0.006 ft/ft
Gutter Flow - Manning
D 6.00 in
A 4.75 ft2
P 25.60 ft
R 0.19 ft
n 0.015 Concrete
S 0.006 ft/ft
V 2.41 ft/s
Basin A1 - Gutter Flow
L = 1230.00 ft
H = 32.40 ft
S = 0.026 ft/ft
Gutter Flow - Manning
Basin A2 - Gutter Flow
L = 1300.00 ft
H = 34.45 ft
S = 0.027 ft/ft
Gutter Flow - Manning
D 6.00 in
A 4.75 ft2
P 25.60 ft
R 0.19 ft
n 0.015 Concrete
S 0.027 ft/ft
V 5.26 ft/s
L = 1485.00 ft
H = 7.99 ft
S = 0.005 ft/ft
Gutter Flow - Manning
D 6.00 in
A 4.75 ft2
P 25.60 ft
R 0.19 ft
n 0.015 Concrete
S 0.005 ft/ft
V 2.37 ft/s
Basin C1 - Gutter Flow
Basin B1 - Gutter Flow
L = 1070.00 ft
H = 10.68 ft
S = 0.010 ft/ft
Gutter Flow - Manning
D 6.00 in D 6.00 in
A 4.75 ft2 A 4.75 ft2
P 25.60 ft P 25.60 ft
R 0.19 ft R 0.19 ft
n 0.015 Concrete n 0.015 Concrete
S 0.026 ft/ft S 0.010 ft/ft
V 5.24 ft/s V 3.23 ft/s
Legend Manning Coefficients
D = depth of flow Assumed Full Asphalt 0.016
A = Cross Sectional area of flow Concrete 0.015
P = Wetted perimeter Grass 0.25
Earth
R = hydraulic radius (A/P) Assumed Full (weedy) 0.03
n = Manning Coefficient of Roughness
S = slope of the channel
V = manning velocity of channelized flow
APPENDIX B
HYDROLOGIC ASSESSMENT
12
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• t,. ,J' '
. ...., __ . ~,...,....., __
,'J
~ • r.
r .,_
Basin A2 Curb Inlet Analysis
Typical Curb Inlet
C I A
0.84 5.19 1.28
Curb Inlet Analysis Weir
DMA ID Station Weir Coefficient
(Cw)
100 Year
Storm Qapproach
(cfs)
Flow depth
(d) (ft)
Minimum
Required Curb
Inlet Opening,
Lw (ft)
A2 23+36.39
25' RT 3.0 5.55 0.83 2.4
Approach Flow
CURB INLET TYPE-B
PROPOSED INLETS
Inlet Geometry
Description
Curb Inlet Analysis Orifice
DMA ID Station Weir Coefficient
(Cw)
100 Year
Storm Qapproach
(cfs)
Flow depth
(d) (ft)
Minimum
Required Curb
Inlet Opening,
Lw (ft)
A2 23+36.39
25' RT 3.0 5.55 0.83 1.4
Approach Flow Inlet Geometry
Description
PROPOSED INLETS
CURB INLET TYPE-B
~
__,,,,,,-~ -... ~
___,,,,,,-~
~
~
I
Channel Report
Hydraflow Express Extension for Autodesk® Civil 3D® by Autodesk, Inc. Wednesday, Jan 24 2024
Curb Inlet Analysis Basin A2
Gutter Highlighted
Cross Sl, Sx (ft/ft) = 0.020 Depth (ft) = 0.32
Cross Sl, Sw (ft/ft) = 0.083 Q (cfs) = 5.550
Gutter Width (ft) = 1.50 Area (sqft) = 1.34
Invert Elev (ft) = 100.00 Velocity (ft/s) = 4.14
Slope (%) = 2.00 Wetted Perim (ft) = 11.60
N-Value = 0.015 Crit Depth, Yc (ft) = 0.41
Spread Width (ft) = 11.27
Calculations EGL (ft) = 0.59
Compute by: Known Q
Known Q (cfs) = 5.55
Elev (ft) Depth (ft) Section
101.00
100.75
100.50
100.25
100.00
99.75
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
1.00
0.75
0.50
0.25
0.00
-0.25
Reach (ft)
..
l" -~ • -b ,. --b .. ... .,_ ._.i, (MC I'll
Basin C1 Curb Inlet Analysis
Typical Curb Inlet
C I A
0.86 3.83 1.67
Curb Inlet Analysis Weir
DMA ID Station Weir Coefficient
(Cw)
100 Year
Storm
Qapproach (cfs)
Flow depth
(d) (ft)
Minimum
Required Curb
Inlet Opening,
Lw (ft)
C1 53+79.51
25' RT 3.0 5.52 0.83 2.4
Approach Flow Inlet Geometry
Description
PROPOSED INLETS
CURB INLET TYPE-B
Curb Inlet Analysis Orifice
DMA ID Station Weir Coefficient
(Cw)
100 Year
Storm
Qapproach (cfs)
Flow depth
(d) (ft)
Minimum
Required Curb
Inlet Opening,
Lw (ft)
C1 53+79.51
25' RT 3.0 5.52 0.83 1.3
Description
PROPOSED INLETS
CURB INLET TYPE-B
Approach Flow Inlet Geometry
~
__,,,,,,-~ -... ~
___,,,,,,-~
~
~
I
Channel Report
Hydraflow Express Extension for Autodesk® Civil 3D® by Autodesk, Inc. Wednesday, Jan 24 2024
Curb Inlet Analysis Basin C1
Gutter Highlighted
Cross Sl, Sx (ft/ft) = 0.020 Depth (ft) = 0.32
Cross Sl, Sw (ft/ft) = 0.083 Q (cfs) = 5.520
Gutter Width (ft) = 1.50 Area (sqft) = 1.33
Invert Elev (ft) = 100.00 Velocity (ft/s) = 4.15
Slope (%) = 2.00 Wetted Perim (ft) = 11.55
N-Value = 0.015 Crit Depth, Yc (ft) = 0.41
Spread Width (ft) = 11.22
Calculations EGL (ft) = 0.59
Compute by: Known Q
Known Q (cfs) = 5.52
Elev (ft) Depth (ft) Section
101.00
100.75
100.50
100.25
100.00
99.75
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
1.00
0.75
0.50
0.25
0.00
-0.25
Reach (ft)
.. w ..,,_. ___ ,Al
~ ilwcdevp,n---a -11,o u ....,.
m _,. Kl •wnn b .i.Jta. dq,,ln,.: .., bc&m,bal -C..-?
0 .t,.d' I
. ... ~
,_, __ ,......,.. "ff""P ,.,..,.,_"' _. frrn••n.-irii
,ilaJ iJ...n ~dir;Ui~••----=rlmll"l:'r,p-:ai -a, •~!: 1
r. • .. ... DI
Basin C2 Curb Inlet Analysis
Typical Curb Inlet
C I A
0.79 3.70 2.03
Curb Inlet Analysis Weir
DMA ID Station Weir Coefficient
(Cw)
100 Year
Storm
Qapproach (cfs)
Flow depth
(d) (ft)
Minimum
Required Curb
Inlet Opening,
Lw (ft)
C2 53+79.51
25' LT 3.0 5.90 0.83 2.59
Approach Flow Inlet Geometry
Description
PROPOSED INLETS
CURB INLET TYPE-B
Curb Inlet Analysis Orifice
DMA ID Station Weir Coefficient
(Cw)
100 Year
Storm
Qapproach (cfs)
Flow depth
(d) (ft)
Minimum
Required Curb
Inlet Opening,
Lw (ft)
C2 53+79.51
25' LT 3.0 5.90 0.83 1.44
Description
PROPOSED INLETS
CURB INLET TYPE-B
Approach Flow Inlet Geometry
~
__,,,,,,-~ -· ~ ~
___,,,,,,-,,,_
~
~
I
Channel Report
Hydraflow Express Extension for Autodesk® Civil 3D® by Autodesk, Inc. Wednesday, Jan 24 2024
Curb Inlet Analysis C2
Gutter Highlighted
Cross Sl, Sx (ft/ft) = 0.020 Depth (ft) = 0.32
Cross Sl, Sw (ft/ft) = 0.083 Q (cfs) = 5.900
Gutter Width (ft) = 1.50 Area (sqft) = 1.40
Invert Elev (ft) = 100.00 Velocity (ft/s) = 4.22
Slope (%) = 2.00 Wetted Perim (ft) = 11.86
N-Value = 0.015 Crit Depth, Yc (ft) = 0.42
Spread Width (ft) = 11.52
Calculations EGL (ft) = 0.60
Compute by: Known Q
Known Q (cfs) = 5.90
Elev (ft) Depth (ft) Section
101.00
100.75
100.50
100.25
100.00
99.75
0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35
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APPENDIX C
DRAINAGE BASIN MAP
13
APPENDIX D
REFERENCE MAPS AND TABLES
14
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{a) Selected frequency ___ year
p
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24
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Duration I ' I I I I I I I I I I I
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90 0.41 0.61 0.82 1.02 1.23 1.43 1.63 1.84 2.04 2.25-2.45
120 0.34 0.51 0.68 0.85 1.02 1.19 1.36 1.53 1.70 1.87 2.04
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240 0.22 0.33 0.43 0.54 0.65 0.76 0.87 0.98 1.08 1.19 1.30
300 0.19 0.28 0.38 0.47 0.56 0.66 0.75 0.85 0.94 1.03 1.13
360 0.17 0.25 0.33 0.42 0.50 0.58 0.67 0.75 0.84 0.92 1 00
FIGURE
Intensity-Duration Design Chart -Template ~
3 San Diego County Hydrology Manual Section: Date: June 2003 Page: 5 of 26
C = 0.90 × (% Impervious) + Cp × (1 - % Impervious)
Where: Cp = Pervious Coefficient Runoff Value for the soil type (shown in
Table 3-1 as Undisturbed Natural Terrain/Permanent Open Space,
0% Impervious). Soil type can be determined from the soil type map
provided in Appendix A.
The values in Table 3-1 are typical for most urban areas. However, if the basin contains rural
or agricultural land use, parks, golf courses, or other types of nonurban land use that are
expected to be permanent, the appropriate value should be selected based upon the soil and
cover and approved by the local agency.
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GENERAL SOLUTION
0.5 0.4
SOURCE: USDOT, FHWA, HDS-3 (1961)
F I G U R E
Manning’s Equation Nomograph 3-7
Table 3-1
RUNOFF COEFFICIENTS FOR URBAN AREAS
Land Use Runoff Coefficient “C”
NRCS Elements County Elements % IMPER.
Soil Type
A B C D
Undisturbed Natural Terrain Permanent Open Space 0* 0.20 0.25 0.30 0.35
Low Residential, 1.0 DU/A or less 10 0.27 0.32 0.36 0.41
Low Residential, 2.0 DU/A or less 20 0.34 0.38 0.42 0.46
Low Residential, 2.9 DU/A or less 25 0.38 0.41 0.45 0.49
Medium Density Residential Residential, 4.3 DU/A or less 30 0.41 0.45 0.48 0.52
Medium Density Residential Residential, 7.3 DU/A or less 40 0.48 0.51 0.54 0.57
Medium Density Residential Residential, 10.9 DU/A or less 45 0.52 0.54 0.57 0.60
Medium Density Residential Residential, 14.5 DU/A or less 50 0.55 0.58 0.60 0.63
High Density Residential Residential, 24.0 DU/A or less 65 0.66 0.67 0.69 0.71
High Density Residential Residential, 43.0 DU/A or less 80 0.76 0.77 0.78 0.79
Commercial/Industrial Neighborhood Commercial 80 0.76 0.77 0.78 0.79
Commercial/Industrial General Commercial 85 0.80 0.80 0.81 0.82
Commercial/Industrial Office Professional/Commercial 90 0.83 0.84 0.84 0.85
Commercial/Industrial Limited Industrial 90 0.83 0.84 0.84 0.85
Commercial/Industrial General Industrial 95 0.95 0.95 0.95 0.95
*The values associated with 0% impervious may be used for direct calculation of the runoff coefficient as described in Section 3.1.2 (representing the pervious
runoff coefficient, Cp, for the soil type), or for areas that will remain undisturbed in perpetuity. Justification must be given that the area will remain natural
forever (e.g., the area is located in Cleveland National Forest).
DU/A = dwelling units per acre
NRCS = National Resources Conservation Service
D -D
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Appendix F
Construction Noise Analysis
HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc. 7578 El Cajon Boulevard
La Mesa, CA 91942 619.462.1515 tel 619.462.0552 fax
www.helixepi.com
October 2, 2025 02230.00016.001
Larry Thornburgh
Nasland Engineering
4740 Ruffner Street
San Diego, CA 92111
Subject: Construction Noise Analysis for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian
Improvements Project
Dear Mr. Thornburgh:
HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc. (HELIX) was contracted by Nasland Engineering to provide a
construction noise analysis for the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements
Project (project) in the City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California. The project proposes to install
improvements along Avenida Encinas, including a Class II bike lane along both sides of Avenida Encinas,
roadway widening, new pavement, new sidewalks, curb ramps, center landscaped medians,
landscaping, biofiltration swales, lighting, fencing, and retaining walls. This report details the methods
and results of the noise analysis.
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
The City of Carlsbad (City) proposes to construct roadway, bikeway, and pedestrian improvements along
an approximately one-mile segment of Avenida Encinas between Palomar Airport Road and a point just
south of the Poinsettia Coaster Station Driveway in the western portion of the City. The project
alignment is situated between Interstate 5 and the Los Angeles-San Diego-San Luis Obispo (LOSSAN) rail
corridor and entirely within the Coastal Zone.
Proposed improvements would entail implementation of Reach 5 of the Coastal Rail Trail (CRT), a
planned regional bicycle route that runs approximately 42 miles between Oceanside and Santa Fe Depot
in Downtown San Diego, as well as roadway improvements along Avenida Encinas. Various segments of
the CRT have been constructed in Oceanside, Carlsbad, and Encinitas, including Reach 1 (along Carlsbad
Boulevard from State Street to the norther city boundary over Buena Vista Lagoon) and Reach 2
(between Tamarack Avenue and Oak Avenue) in Carlsbad. This portion of the CRT, Reach 5, would
include a Class II bike lane along both sides of Avenida Encinas, consisting of a six-foot-wide striped bike
lane within the roadway. Other improvements would include roadway widening, new pavement, new
sidewalks, curb ramps, center landscaped medians, landscaping, biofiltration swales, lighting, fencing,
and retaining walls.
Letter to Mr. Larry Thornburgh Page 2 of 8
October 2, 2025
The project alignment occurs within a developed area comprised of commercial, industrial,
transportation, and residential land uses. Most of the project site is composed of developed land and
disturbed habitat, with relatively small areas of wetland and native upland habitats. Surrounding land
uses include Palomar Airport Road to the north; North County Transit District railroad right-of-way to
the west; the Poinsettia Coaster Station to the south; and a gas station, business parks, car dealership, a
wastewater treatment plant, and undeveloped land to the east. Figure 1 shows the regional location of
the project, Figure 2 consists of an aerial photograph of the project site and surroundings along with the
proposed alignment.
ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
Noise and Sound Level Descriptors and Terminology
All noise level or sound level values presented herein are expressed in terms of decibels (dB), with
A-weighting (dBA) to approximate the hearing sensitivity of humans. Time-averaged noise levels are
expressed by the symbol LEQ, with a specified duration. The Community Noise Equivalent Level (CNEL) is
a 24-hour average, where noise levels during the evening hours of 7:00 p.m. to 10:00 p.m. have an
added 5 dBA weighting, and sound levels during the nighttime hours of 10:00 p.m. to 7:00 a.m. have an
added 10 dBA weighting. This is similar to the Day Night sound level (LDN), which is a 24-hour average
with an added 10 dBA weighting on the same nighttime hours but no added weighting on the evening
hours. Sound levels expressed in CNEL are always based on dBA. These metrics are used to express noise
levels for both measurement and municipal regulations, as well as for land use guidelines and
enforcement of noise ordinances.
Sound can be described as the mechanical energy of a vibrating object transmitted by pressure waves
through a liquid or gaseous medium (e.g., air) to a hearing organ, such as a human ear. Noise is defined
as loud, unexpected, or annoying sound.
In the science of acoustics, the fundamental model consists of a sound (or noise) source, a receiver, and
the propagation path between the two. The loudness of the noise source and obstructions or
atmospheric factors affecting the propagation path to the receiver contribute to the sound level and
characteristics of the noise perceived by the receiver. The field of acoustics deals primarily with the
propagation and control of sound.
Continuous sound can be described by frequency (pitch) and amplitude (loudness). A low-frequency
sound is perceived as low in pitch. Frequency is expressed in terms of cycles per second, or Hertz (Hz)
(e.g., a frequency of 250 cycles per second is referred to as 250 Hz). High frequencies are sometimes
more conveniently expressed in kilohertz (kHz), or thousands of Hertz. The audible frequency range for
humans is generally between 20 Hz and 20,000 Hz.
The amplitude of pressure waves generated by a sound source determines the loudness of that source.
A logarithmic scale is used to describe sound pressure level (SPL) in terms of dBA units. The threshold of
hearing for the human ear is about 0 dBA, which corresponds to 20 micro-Pascals (mPa).
Under controlled conditions in an acoustical laboratory, the trained, healthy human ear is able to
discern 1 dBA changes in sound levels, when exposed to steady, single-frequency (“pure-tone”) signals
in the mid-frequency (1,000 Hz to 8,000 Hz) range. In typical noisy environments, changes in noise of
Letter to Mr. Larry Thornburgh Page 3 of 8
October 2, 2025
1 to 2 dBA are generally not perceptible. A 5 dBA increase is generally perceived as a distinctly
noticeable increase, and a 10 dBA increase is generally perceived as a doubling of loudness.
Because decibels are logarithmic units, SPL cannot be added or subtracted through ordinary arithmetic.
Under the decibel scale, a doubling of sound energy corresponds to a 3-dBA increase. In other words,
when two identical sources are each producing sound of the same loudness, the resulting sound level at
a given distance would be 3 dBA higher than one source under the same conditions.
Ground-borne Vibration Descriptors and Terminology
Ground-borne vibration consists of rapidly fluctuating motions or waves transmitted through the ground
with an average motion of zero. Sources of ground-borne vibrations include natural phenomena and
anthropogenic causes (e.g., explosions, machinery, traffic, trains, construction equipment). Vibration
sources may be continuous (e.g., factory machinery) or transient (e.g., explosions). Several different
methods are typically used to quantify vibration amplitude. One is the peak particle velocity (PPV);
another is the root mean square velocity (RMS). The PPV is defined as the maximum instantaneous
positive or negative peak of the vibration wave. For the purposes of this analysis, a PPV descriptor with
units of inches per second (in/sec) is used to evaluate construction-generated vibration for building
damage and human complaints.
Existing Setting and Surrounding Land Uses
The project site is the existing Avenida Encinas ROW between Palomar Airport Road and the Poinsettia
Coaster Station Driveway. Surrounding land uses include: LOSSAN railroad tracks, a gas station, business
parks, automotive dealerships, a water treatment plant, undeveloped parcels, a school, and the
Poinsettia Coaster Station. Residential uses are located across the LOSSAN railroad tracks, and include a
hotel, mobile homes, and single-family residences.
Noise and Vibration Sensitive Land Uses
Noise-sensitive land uses (NSLUs) are land uses that may be subject to stress and/or interference from
excessive noise, such as residential dwellings, schools, transient lodging (hotels), hospitals, and
educational facilities. Industrial and commercial land uses are generally not considered sensitive to
noise. The closest NSLUs to the project site are a school and the aforementioned residences and hotel
uses. The distances between the project site and NSLUs vary. Nearby residences are located as close as
150 feet from the Avenida Encinas ROW, and the Community Montessori Charter School is located
approximately 60 feet from the centerline of the ROW.
REGULATORY FRAMEWORK
City of Carlsbad Municipal Code, Chapter 8.48, Noise
It shall be unlawful to operate equipment or perform any construction in the erection, demolition,
alteration, or repair of any building or structure or the grading or excavation of land during the following
hours, except as hereinafter provided:
After 6:00 p.m. on any day, and before 7:00 a.m., Monday through Friday, and before 8:00 a.m.
on Saturday; all day on Sunday; and on any federal holiday.
Letter to Mr. Larry Thornburgh Page 4 of 8
October 2, 2025
METHODOLOGY AND ASSUMPTIONS
Modeling Software
Project construction noise was analyzed using the Roadway Construction Noise Model (RCNM; USDOT
2008), which incorporates estimates of sound levels from standard construction equipment based on
manufacturers’ specifications and measured reference noise levels. The RCNM noise modeling outputs
are included in Attachment A, RCNM Output, to this report.
Assumptions
Construction Equipment Noise Levels
Project construction activities would include grubbing and land clearing, grading and excavation,
drainage, utilities installation, and paving. Construction would require the use of heavy off-road
equipment. Construction equipment was estimated as part of the project’s air quality analysis (HELIX
2025), and would include backhoes, excavators, dozers, loaders, pavers, and rollers.
NOISE IMPACTS
Thresholds of Significance
Impacts from construction noise would be significant if noise is generated outside the hours specified in
the City’s Municipal Code Chapter 8.48 for construction.
In the absence of a numerical decibel threshold, this analysis will consider construction noise exceeding
10 dBA above ambient noise levels at nearby sensitive receptors to be a significant increase. This is
based on the general perception that a 10 dBA increase is considered a doubling of loudness.
Excessive ground-borne vibration would occur if construction-related ground-borne vibration exceeds
the “strongly perceptible” vibration annoyance potential criteria for human receptors of 0.1 inch per
second PPV or the damage potential criteria to relatively old residential structures 0.5 inch per second
PPV for continuous/frequent intermittent construction sources (such as impact pile drivers, vibratory
pile drivers, and vibratory compaction equipment), as specific by Caltrans (2020).
Construction Noise Analysis
The magnitude of a construction noise impact would depend on the type of construction activity,
equipment, duration of each construction phase, distance between the noise source and receiver, and
any intervening structures. Construction would generate elevated noise levels that may disrupt nearby
residences and other NSLUs. Although the nearest residences are located approximately 150 feet west
of the project site, the nearest NSLU, a school, is located approximately 60 feet south of the roadway
centerline. Construction equipment would not all operate at the same time or location and would not be
in constant use during a typical 8-hour operating day. Furthermore, due to the linear nature of the
project, equipment is not anticipated to be stationary at a given location for long periods. Therefore,
average distances between the nearest off-site residences and construction is estimated would likely
exceed 60 feet. As a conservative estimate however, 60 feet was used in this analysis.
Letter to Mr. Larry Thornburgh Page 5 of 8
October 2, 2025
Multiple construction equipment types would be in use throughout the day. For example, a dozer and
an excavator may be working on the site simultaneously but would not be working in close proximity
one another at a given time due to the nature of their respective operations. An excavator and loader,
were analyzed together for construction noise impacts due to their likelihood of being used in
conjunction with one another. Table 1, Anticipated Construction Equipment, presents a summary of the
heavy equipment anticipated to be used for project construction, the typical operating time percentage,
and the average noise level at a distance of 60 feet reported by the RCNM.
Table 1
ANTICIPATED CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENT
Construction Equipment Percent Operating
Time
Distance to NSLU
(feet)
Noise Level at
60 feet (dBA LEQ)
Grubbing and Land Clearing
Backhoe 40 60 72.0
Excavator 40 60 75.1
Dozer 40 60 76.1
Grading and Excavation
Excavator 40 60 75.1
Backhoe 40 60 72.0
Loader 40 60 73.5
Dozer 40 60 76.1
Scraper 40 60 78.0
Excavator/Loader 40 60 77.4
Utilities Installation
Backhoe 40 60 72.0
Dozer 40 60 76.1
Grader 40 60 79.4
Loader 40 60 73.5
Excavator 40 60 75.1
Paving
Loader 40 60 73.5
Pavers 50 60 72.6
Rollers 20 60 71.4
Source: Roadway Construction Noise Model (U.S. Department of Transportation 2008); HELIX 2025
dBA = A-weighted decibels; LEQ = time averaged sound level.
Based on these assumptions, the loudest construction operations involve the use of a grader, which
would generate noise levels of 79.4 dBA LEQ at nearby NSLUs (see Appendix A, Construction Noise
Modeling Outputs). This represents a conservative estimate, because due to the linear nature of the
project, a grader is not anticipated to be stationary in a single location near an NSLU.
As noted above, the City does not provide a numerical threshold for construction noise levels, but
construction would be required to occur within the hours allowed by the Municipal Code. Existing
ambient noise levels are described in the City’s General Plan. Ambient noise levels may fluctuate
throughout a given day or time of year, but Figure 5-2 of the General Plan Noise Element indicates that
noise levels in the vicinity of the project are estimated to be between 60 and 65 dBA CNEL (City 2015).
Therefore, noise levels from construction equipment may exceed 10 dBA above existing conditions if a
grader or scraper is in use. Noise levels from construction would be reduced through the
implementation of a construction management plan, as described in NOI-1 below.
Letter to Mr. Larry Thornburgh Page 6 of 8
October 2, 2025
NOI-1 Construction Noise Management Plan. Noise levels from project-related construction activities
shall not exceed 10 dBA above existing ambient noise levels, or 70 dBA, when measured at
nearby noise-sensitive land uses or receptors. A Construction Management Plan that describes
the measures included on the construction plans to ensure compliance with the noise limit shall
be prepared by the project applicant and submitted to the City of Carlsbad Planning Division for
approval prior to issuance of the grading permit. The following measures may be included to
reduce construction noise generated by graders and scrapers:
• Construction equipment to be properly outfitted and maintained with manufacturer-
recommended noise-reduction devices.
• Diesel equipment to be operated with closed engine doors and equipped with factory-
recommended mufflers.
• Mobile or fixed “package” equipment (e.g., arc‐welders and air compressors) to be
equipped with shrouds and noise control features that are readily available for that type
of equipment.
• Electrically powered equipment to be used instead of pneumatic or internal‐combustion
powered equipment, where feasible.
• Unnecessary idling of internal combustion engines (e.g., in excess of 5 minutes) to be
prohibited.
• Material stockpiles and mobile equipment staging, parking, and maintenance areas to
be located as far as practicable from noise sensitive receptors.
• The use of noise‐producing signals, including horns, whistles, alarms, and bells, shall be
for safety warning purposes only.
• No project‐related public address or music system shall be audible at any adjacent
sensitive receptor.
• Temporary sound barriers or sound blankets may be installed between construction
operations and adjacent noise-sensitive receptors. Due to equipment exhaust pipes
being approximately 7 to 8 feet above ground, a sound wall at least 10 feet in height
above grade, to block the line-of-sight between project construction activities and
residences along the northern, southern, and eastern property lines. These barriers
would mitigate noise levels to within acceptable levels. To effectively reduce noise
levels, the sound barrier should be constructed of a material with an STC rating of 22 or
23 with no gaps or perforations and remain in place until the conclusion of demolition,
grading, and construction activities.
• General working hours are Monday through Friday, 7:00 am- 6:00 pm. Site mustering
(i.e., gathering/assembly at the site) is not allowed prior to and after the allowable
working hours.
Letter to Mr. Larry Thornburgh Page 7 of 8
October 2, 2025
Construction Vibration
Construction of the project would occur approximately 60 feet from nearby residences and a hotel. A
possible source of vibration during general project construction activities would be a vibratory roller,
which may be used for compaction of soil beneath the roadway. A vibratory roller would create
approximately 0.210 inch per second PPV at a distance of 25 feet (Caltrans 2020). A 0.210 inch per
second PPV vibration level would equal 0.08 inch per second PPV at a distance of 60 feet.1 This would be
lower than the “strongly perceptible” impact for humans of 0.1 inches per second PPV. Buildings located
within this distance are newer structures that would not be susceptible to structural damage.
Additionally, off-site exposure to such ground-borne vibration would be temporary. Therefore,
temporary impacts associated with the roller (and other potential equipment) would be less than
significant.
CONCLUSIONS
Construction of the proposed project would result in less than significant impacts related to vibration.
Construction noise from the use of a scraper or grader may exceed existing ambient noise conditions by
10 dBA or more, which may be perceived as a doubling of loudness. Mitigation measure NOI-1 would
require a construction management plan to reduce noise levels from a scraper or grader, if used.
Sincerely,
Jason Runyan
Senior Acoustic Analyst
Attachments:
Figure 1: Regional Location
Figure 2: Aerial Photograph
Appendix A Construction Noise Modeling Outputs
REFERENCES
California Department of Transportation (Caltrans). 2020. Transportation and Construction Vibration
Guidance Manual. April. Available at: https://dot.ca.gov/programs/environmental-
analysis/noise-vibration/guidance-manuals.
1 Equipment PPV = Reference PPV * (25/D)n (in/sec), where Reference PPV is PPV at 25 feet, D is distance from equipment to
the receiver in feet, and n = 1.1 (the value related to the attenuation rate through the ground); formula from Caltrans 2020.
Letter to Mr. Larry Thornburgh Page 8 of 8
October 2, 2025
Carlsbad, City of (City). 2015. General Plan Noise Element. September 22.
HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc. (HELIX). 2025. Air Quality and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Analysis for
the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project. September 16.
U.S. Department of Transportation. 2008. Roadway Construction Noise Model Version 1.1. Available at:
https://www.fhwa.dot.gov/environment/noise/construction_noise/rcnm/.
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Project Limits
Construction Noise Modeling Outputs
Appendix A
Roadway Construction Noise Model (RCNM),Version 1.1
Report date: 11/25/2024
Case Description:
Description Land Use
1 Residential
Description
Backhoe
Compactor (ground)
Compressor (air)
Concrete Mixer Truck
Concrete Pump Truck
Dozer
Dump Truck
Drum Mixer
Excavator
Front End Loader
---- Receptor #1 ----
Baselines (dBA)
Daytime Evening Night
40 40 40
Equipment
Spec Actual
Impact Lmax Lmax
Device Usage(%) (dBA) (dBA)
No 40 77.6
No 20 83.2
No 40 77.7
No 40 78.8
No 20 81.4
No 40 81.7
No 40 76.5
No 50 80
No 40 80.7
No 40 79.1
Receptor Estimated
Distance Shielding
(feet) (dBA)
60 0
60 0
60 0
60 0
60 0
60 0
60 0
60 0
60 0
60 0
Mounted Impact Hamme Yes 20 90.3 60 0
Paver No 50 77.2 60 0
Roller No 20 80 60 0
Scraper No 40 83.6 60 0
Generator No 50 80.6 60 0
Grader No 40 85 60 0
Results
Calculated (dBA) Noise Limits (dBA)
Day Evening
Equipment *Lmax Leq Lmax Leq Lmax Leq
Backhoe 76 72 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Compactor (ground) 81.6 74.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Compressor (air) 76.1 72.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Concrete Mixer Truck 77.2 73.2 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Concrete Pump Truck 79.8 72.8 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Dozer 80.1 76.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Dump Truck 74.9 70.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Drum Mixer 78.4 75.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Excavator 79.1 75.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Front End Loader 77.5 73.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Mounted Impact Hamme 88.7 81.7 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Paver 75.6 72.6 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Roller 78.4 71.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Scraper 82 78 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Generator 79 76 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Grader 83.4 79.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Total 88.7 87.9 N/A N/A N/A N/A
*Calculated Lmax is the Loudest value.
Roadway Construction Noise Model (RCNM),Version 1.1
Report date: 11/25/2024
Case Description:
---- Receptor #1 ----
Baselines (dBA)
Description Land Use Daytime Evening Night
1 Residential 40 40 40
Equipment
Spec Actual Receptor Estimated
Impact Lmax Lmax Distance Shielding
Description Device Usage(%) (dBA) (dBA) (feet) (dBA)
Excavator No 40 80.7 60 0
Front End Loader No 40 79.1 60 0
Results
Calculated (dBA) Noise Limits (dBA)
Day Evening
Equipment *Lmax Leq Lmax Leq Lmax Leq
Excavator 79.1 75.1 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Front End Loader 77.5 73.5 N/A N/A N/A N/A
Total 79.1 77.4 N/A N/A N/A N/A
*Calculated Lmax is the Loudest value.
Appendix G
Transportation Impact Analysis
Avenida Encinas
Coastal Rail Trail
Tra ffic Impact Analysis
May 2022 Report
Avenida Encinas CRT
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................4
1.1 Document Purpose...................................................................................................................4
1.2 Project Need and Improvements ............................................................................................. 4
1.3 Study Area ............................................................................................................................... 5
2 EXISTING CONDITIONS ...........................................................................................7
2.1 Roadway Network .................................................................................................................... 7
2.2 Existing Traffic Volumes............................................................................................................ 8
3 TRAFFIC ANALYSIS ...............................................................................................10
3.1 Intersection Level of Service................................................................................................... 10
3.2 Queueing Analysis .................................................................................................................. 12
3.3 Roadway Capacity Analysis..................................................................................................... 14
3.4 Multi‐Modal Level of Service..................................................................................................18
3.5 FHWA Unsignalized Crossing Enhancement Analysis............................................................. 20
3.6 Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon Warrant Analysis..........................................................................25
3.7 Traffic Signal Warrant Analysis ...............................................................................................27
4 RECOMMENDED PROJECT IMPROVEMENTS.....................................................28
4.1 Traffic Calming ........................................................................................................................ 28
4.2 Pedestrian and Bicycle Enhancements...................................................................................29
4.3 Traffic Signal Modifications .................................................................................................... 32
Traffic Impact Analysis Report i
Avenida Encinas CRT
LIST OF TABLES
Table 3‐1: Level of Service Threshold ......................................................................................................... 11
Table 3‐2 Signalized Intersection Capacity Analysis ................................................................................... 11
Table 3‐3 Signalized Intersection Queueing Analysis ................................................................................. 12
Table 3‐4 Service Volume Report Level of Service Thresholds – Generalized Data ...................................14
Table 3‐5 Existing Conditions ‐Weekday AM Peak Hour............................................................................ 15
Table 3‐6 Existing plus Project Improvement Conditions – Weekday AM Peak Hour................................16
Table 3‐7 Existing Conditions ‐Weekday PM Peak Hour............................................................................16
Table 3‐8 Existing plus Project Improvement Conditions – Weekday PM Peak Hour ................................17
Table 3‐9: MMLOS Level of Service Thresholds ..........................................................................................18
Table 3‐10 MMLOS Analysis Results ........................................................................................................... 19
Table 3‐11 Traffic Signal Warrant Analysis Summary ................................................................................. 27
Table 4‐1 Recommended Pedestrian Improvements by Intersection........................................................30
LIST OF FIGURES
Figure 1‐1 Project Study Area Locations....................................................................................................... 6
Figure 2‐1 2022 Existing Conditions Vehicular Volumes............................................................................... 9
Figure 3‐1 Application of Pedestrian Countermeasures by Roadway Feature...........................................21
Figure 4F‐2 MUTCD Guidelines for the Installation of PHB on High‐Speed Roadways ..............................26
Figure 4‐1 Proposed Project Improvements...............................................................................................31
Traffic Impact Analysis Report ii
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LIST OF APPENDICIES
Appendix A ..................................................................................................................... Traffic Volume Data
Appendix B .......................................................................................................... Segment Two Striping Plan
Appendix C .................................................................................................................... Signal Timing Sheets
Appendix D .................................................................................... LOS and Queueing Analysis Worksheets
Appendix E ..................................................................................................... MMLOS Analysis Worksheets
Appendix F ............................................. FHWA Unsignalized Crossing Enhancement Analysis Worksheets
Appendix G .......................................................... Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon Warrant Analysis Worksheets
Appendix H ............................................................................... Traffic Signal Warrant Analysis Worksheets
Appendix I ............................................................................................................................... Collision Data
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1 INTRODUCTION
The Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail (CRT) project includes a variety of complete street, traffic system,
and aesthetic improvements along Avenida Encinas within the City limits and is state and federally funded
with an Active Transportation Program (ATP) grant. The purpose of this project is to create a balanced
multi‐modal corridor with improved bicycle and pedestrian facilities that will increase mobility and safety
along the corridor for all users. The project is located within the City limits along Avenida Encinas between
Palomar Airport Road and Carlsbad Boulevard. The project is divided into two segments, Segment Two
and Segment Three. Segment Two is bounded by Carlsbad Boulevard and the Carlsbad Poinsettia Coaster
Station driveway, while Segment Three is bounded by the Carlsbad Poinsettia Coaster Station driveway
and Palomar Airport Road. Through discussions with City staff, it was identified that Segment Two would
be designed and built in advance of Segment Three in order to meet critical milestones identified within
the ATP grant fund. Segment Three design and construction are to take place in the next phase of the
project. This report will focus on the design improvements and related traffic operation analysis regarding
both Segment Two and Segment Three project improvements and design.
1.1 Document Purpose
This Traffic Impact Analysis (TIA) report studies the operating condition of Avenida Encinas with the
project improvements. The purpose of this report is to inform the project team of the impacts and
performance characteristics of various improvements to help lead the decision makers in selecting the
best alternative, geometrics, pedestrian and bicycle enhancements, and control elements on roadway
segments and intersections. The report follows analysis criteria in the City’s Traffic Impact Analysis (TIA)
Guidelines. The report also includes qualitative assessments utilizing the Federal Highway
Administration’s (FHWA) ‘Guide for Improving Pedestrian Safety at Uncontrolled Crossing Locations’
guidelines that are not typically included in the City’s TIA’s.
1.2 Project Need and Improvements
Avenida Encinas is classified as a north‐south neighborhood connector street and runs parallel to the
Interstate 5 (I‐5) freeway. The corridor’s primary purpose is to connect people to different neighborhoods
and land uses throughout the City. The City’s General Plan Mobility Element identifies the preferred
attributes of a neighbor connector street, such as Avenida Encinas, to include the following:
›Designed to safely move all modes of travel while enhancing mobility for pedestrians and
bicyclists.
›Vehicle speeds should be managed to promote safe pedestrian and bicycle movement.
›Bicycle lanes should be provided.
›Bicycle boulevards can be considered.
›Pedestrians should be accommodated on sidewalks adjacent to the travel way (minimum 5’
wide sidewalk).
›Mid‐block pedestrian crossings and traffic calming devices should be considered, but only at
locations with high pedestrian activity levels or major destinations/attractions.
The project corridor currently lacks separated bicycle facilities and has sidewalk gaps in close proximity to
the Carlsbad Poinsettia Coaster Station and along the west side of Avenida Encinas south of Palomar
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Airport Road. Additionally, through discussions with City staff and community outreach performed by City
in relation to the ATP grant, several pedestrian crossing areas were identified along the corridor that
would benefit from pedestrian enhancements to improve mobility. STC reviewed and analyzed guidelines
and requirements to aid in the decision of which enhancements should be included as part of the project.
The analysis is provided in the subsequent sections of this report. Based on the analysis, the project’s
improvements that will address the corridor needs include:
›Class II directional bikeway separated from the adjacent travel lane with a buffer. Where
parking is provided, the parking lane will be against the curb with the bike lane situated to
the left of the parking lane separated with a buffer.
›Pedestrian accessibility improvements including sidewalk, curb ramps, crosswalk
enhancements, curb extensions to reduce crossing distance, LED countdown heads and
audible signals.
›Enhanced pedestrian and bicycle access to regional and local transit and important
community destinations along the corridor.
›Installation of a Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon at Avenida Encinas & San Carlos Street / Shopping
Plaza driveway.
›Installation of new sidewalks where sidewalk gaps exist.
›Traffic signal system and operation improvements.
›Traffic calming with lane reduction improvements.
1.3 Study Area
The project study area includes four signalized intersections subject to traffic operation analysis, ten
unsignalized intersections subject to pedestrian enhancement analysis, and five roadway segments
subject to roadway capacity analysis. Furthermore, the unsignalized intersection of Avenida Encinas &
Portage Way / Marlin Way will receive project enhancements, however, this intersection is classified as a
controlled intersection (i.e., All‐Way Stop controlled intersection) and therefore is not subject to the
pedestrian enhancement analysis. The project study area locations along with the existing intersection
geometry and traffic control are illustrated in Figure 1‐1 and are highlighted below:
Traffic Impact Analysis Report 5
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NOT TO SCALEStop ControlAvenida Encinas & Avenida Encinas & 15a Avenida Encinas & 15b Avenida Encinas &13 14Dory Lane/Meridian Way Ponto Drive Carlsbad Boulevard NB Carlsbad Boulevard SB Prohibited Movements
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Figure 1-1
Study Area and Existing Lane Geometry (2022)
5
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Avenida Encinas CRT
Signalized Intersections:
›Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road
›Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane
›Avenida Encinas & San Lucas / Shopping Plaza driveway
›Avenida Encinas & Carlsbad Boulevard
Unsignalized Intersections:
›Avenida Encinas & Carlsbad Poinsettia Coaster Station driveway
›Avenida Encinas & Embarcadero Lane (north)
›Avenida Encinas & Embarcadero Lane (south)
›Avenida Encinas & Macadamia Drive
›Avenida Encinas & Raintree Drive
›Avenida Encinas & San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza driveway (north)
›Avenida Encinas & Shopping Plaza driveway (south)
›Avenida Encinas & Windrose Circle
›Avenida Encinas & Portage Way / Marlin Way
›Avenida Encinas & Dory Lane / Meridian Way
›Avenida Encinas & Ponto Drive
Roadway Segments:
›Avenida Encinas between Poinsettia Lane and San Carlos Street
›Avenida Encinas between San Carlos Street and San Lucas
›Avenida Encinas between San Lucas and Shopping Plaza driveway (south)
›Avenida Encinas between Shopping Plaza driveway and Windrose Circle
2 EXISTING CONDITIONS
2.1 Roadway Network
Avenida Encinas currently operates with a posted speed limit of 35 MPH within the project study area.
The roadway accommodates two‐way traffic with one lane in each direction between the Palomar Airport
Road and Poinsettia Lane. Avenida Encinas expands to two lanes in the southbound direction and three
lanes in the northbound direction between Poinsettia Lane and San Lucas / Shopping Plaza driveway.
Avenida Encinas contains two lanes in each direction south of San Lucas / Shopping Plaza driveway until
reaching Windrose Circle where the roadway reduces back to one lane in each direction until reaching
Carlsbad Boulevard. The abutting land uses include residential, a mix of commercial/retail, and the
Carlsbad Poinsettia Coaster Station. Sidewalks are provided along both sides of the roadway for the entire
length of Segment Two excluding the eastern side of the roadway between the Carlsbad Poinsettia
Coaster Station and just south of Embarcadero Lane. Sidewalks are provided along the east side of
Segment Three but is primarily missing sidewalk along the west side. Bike lanes are provided along both
directions of the roadway for Segment Two, except in the northbound direction between Poinsettia Lane
and San Lucas/Shopping Plaza driveway where no bike lane is provided. No bike lanes are provided along
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Segment 3. On street parking is generally provided on Avenida Encinas between the Carlsbad Poinsettia
Coaster Station driveway and Poinsettia Lane.
2.2 Existing Traffic Volumes
Turning movement counts (TMC) were collected for the signalized project study area intersections for the
weekday AM and weekday PM peak hours on Wednesday, March 9th, 2022, which represents a typical
day for traffic count purposes (non‐holiday) while schools were in session. Based on the compiled TMC
data, the existing weekday AM peak hour occurs between 7:45 AM and 8:45 AM, while the existing
weekday PM peak hour occurs between 5:00 PM and 6:00 PM. Figures 2‐1 shows the 2022 Existing
Conditions vehicular volumes at the signalized intersections for each location’s respective weekday AM
and PM peak hours. The TMC data is included in Appendix A.
Average daily traffic (ADT) data was also collected along Avenida Encinas on March 9th, 2022, which
aided the efforts related to the roadway capacity and FHWA pedestrian crossing enhancement analyses.
ADT data is included in Appendix A. ADT data was collected at the following locations:
›Avenida Encinas south of Embarcadero Lane
›Avenida Encinas between Poinsettia Lane and San Carlos Street
›Avenida Encinas between San Carlos Street and San Lucas
›Avenida Encinas between San Lucas and Shopping Plaza driveway (south)
›Avenida Encinas between Shopping Plaza driveway and Windrose Circle
›Avenida Encinas between Portage Way / Marlin Way & Dory Lane / Meridian Way
Additionally, pedestrian and bicycle counts were completed during the data collection effort mentioned
above to identify the levels of pedestrian and bicycle activity along the corridor. During the weekday AM
and PM peak hours, modest bicyclist activity occurs on the roadways within the project study area.
Additionally, prominent levels of pedestrian activity were observed at the Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia
Lane intersection during the weekday AM and PM peak hours. The pedestrian and bicycle count data for
each location is provided in Appendix A.
Traffic Impact Analysis Report 8
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LEGEND
Study Intersection #
xx/yy AM/PM Vehicular Turning
Movement Volumes
Signalized Intersection
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Figure 2-1
Existing Peak Hour Vehicle Turning Movement Volumes
(2022)
Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane Avenida Encinas & San Carlos Street
Avenida Encinas & Carlsbad Blvd (South) Avenida Encinas & Carlsbad Blvd (North)
28
/
6
6
63
/
2
3
0
14
7
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3
1
5
1 2 3
5b5a
28/76
277/280
75/34
141/363
318/191
200/287
11
4
/
8
0
78
/
1
7
8
25
/
5
5
Avenida Encinas & San Lucas Street
0/
1
3
14
7
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1
8
1
8/
1
3
4
35/32
9/13
15/8
9/23
6/32
126/226
12
1
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5
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10
2
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1
18
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2
9
19
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3
67
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33
6
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4
6
5
33/47
183/187
68/78
194/262
332/442
288/303
65
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1
0
3
21
5
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2
1
6
41
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4
2
30
2
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4
3
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7/
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0/0
115/230
24
4
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22
6
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7
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16
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1
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5
17
6
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99/136
6/14
Poinsettia Lane
Avenida Encinas
San Carlos Street Shopping Center Dwy
Avenida Encinas
Palomar Airport Road
Avenida Encinas
Shopping Center DwySan Lucas Street
Avenida Encinas
Avenida Encinas
Calrsbad Blvd (North)
Avenida Encinas
Carlsbad Blvd (South)
Avenida Encinas CRT
3 TRAFFIC ANALYSIS
This section presents the methodology and results of the intersection operation analysis, storage lane
queuing analysis, roadway capacity analysis, and multi‐modal level‐of‐service (MMLOS) for the Existing
conditions and Existing plus Project Improvement conditions. The analysis was conducted for the typical
morning (7am‐9am) and evening (4pm‐6pm) peak hours. The analysis methodology follows the City of
Carlsbad Traffic Impact Analysis Guidelines (April 2018) and discussions with City staff.
The analysis under the Existing plus Project Improvement conditions, utilized existing vehicular,
pedestrian, and bicycle volumes. Project improvements incorporated in the analyses include the
following:
›Northbound and westbound right‐turn overlap phasing at Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane. It
should be noted the only the overlap phasing was included as part of this analysis. The existing
splits and cycle length remained unchanged.
›Approach lane geometry for the intersection of Avenida Encinas & the Shopping Center driveway
was modified to include one exclusive right‐turn lane, one through lane, and one exclusive left‐
turn lane for the northbound and southbound approaches. All remaining signalized intersections
contain the same approach lane geometry as the Existing conditions scenario, however, turn‐lane
storage lengths were based on the latest conceptual design plan (April 2022) of Segment Two,
which is included in Appendix B.
›Traffic calming measures along Avenida Encinas which includes reducing the number of thru lanes
between Poinsettia Lane and Windrose Circle down to one lane in each direction.
›Installation of a pedestrian signal at the intersection of Avenida Encinas & San Carlos
Street/Shopping Plaza Driveway
Additionally, the methodology and results of the FHWA unsignalized crossing enhancements, pedestrian
hybrid beacon, and pedestrian signal warrant analyses are provided in subsequent sections.
3.1 Intersection Level of Service
3.1.1 Methodology
Signalized intersections were evaluated using the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) 6th Edition
methodology. The study area was modeled in Synchro 11 software to calculate delays and levels of service
(LOS). Existing signal timing data obtained from the signal cabinets was used to model the signalized
intersections for the Existing conditions and Existing plus Project Improvement conditions. Signal timing
sheets are included in Appendix C. Table 3‐1 provides a description of the HCM signalized intersection
control delay and level of service thresholds. The HCM 6th Edition defines intersection control delay as the
summation of the weighted average delay for all lane groups at the subject intersection.
Traffic Impact Analysis Report 10
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Table 3‐1: Level of Service Threshold
LOS
Control Delay (sec/veh) Description Signalized Intersection
A <10 Operations with very low delay and most vehicles do not stop.
B >10 and <20 Operations with good progression but with some restricted movements.
C >20 and <35 Operations where a significant number of vehicles are stopping with some
backup and light congestion.
D >35 and <55 Operations where congestion is noticeable, longer delays occur, and many
vehicles stop. The proportion of vehicles not stopping declines.
E >55 and <80 Operations where there is significant delay, extensive queuing, and poor
progression.
F >80 Operations that are unacceptable to most drivers, when the arrival rates
exceed the capacity of the intersection.
Source: HCM 6th Edition.
3.1.2 LOS Analysis Results
Table 3‐2 provides the LOS analysis results for each signalized intersection under Existing conditions and
Existing plus Project Improvement conditions. LOS analysis worksheets are included in Appendix D.
Table 3‐2 Signalized Intersection Capacity Analysis
Location Existing Conditions Existing plus Project Improvement
Conditions
Control Delaya LOSb Control Delaya LOSb
Avenida Encinas at Palomar Airport Road
AM Peak Hour 35.2 D 35.2 D
PM Peak Hour 34.4 C 34.4 C
Avenida Encinas at Poinsettia Lane
AM Peak Hour 36.5 D 29.1 C
PM Peak Hour 48.6 D 34.3 C
Avenida Encinas at San Lucas / Shopping Plaza driveway
AM Peak Hour 12.3 B 12.9 B
PM Peak Hour 14.1 B 14.7 B
Avenida Encinas at Carlsbad Boulevard
AM Peak Hour 6.4 A 6.4 A
PM Peak Hour 7.8 A 7.8 A
Avenida Encinas at San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza driveway
AM Peak Hour Pedestrian signal does not exist under existing
conditions
12.1 B
PM Peak Hour 28.0 C
Note: Shaded cells denote LOS E/F conditions.
a Summation of the weighted average delay for all lane groups at the subject intersection, in seconds per vehicle.
b Level‐of‐service.
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As seen in Table 3‐2 above, all signalized intersections operate at an overall LOS D or better during both
peak hours under the Existing conditions and Existing plus Project Improvement conditions analysis
scenarios. Delay and LOS decrease slightly for the intersection located along Segment Two where through
lanes are reduced to accommodate enhanced bicycle facilities. Notable improvements to intersection
operations occur at the intersection of Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane due to the addition of right‐turn
overlap phasing for the northbound and westbound right‐turns.
3.2 Queueing Analysis
3.2.1 Methodology
Queueing analysis was conducted to determine the adequacy of turn lane storage length. The 95th
percentile queue length was reported using the Synchro 11 software. At signalized intersections, Synchro
reports queue lengths for each lane group. For the purposes of this document, only the lane groups in
which the storage length was exceeded by the 95th queue was reported. The queuing analysis worksheets
for each lane group are included in Appendix D.
3.2.2 Queuing Analysis Results
The queue lengths for the Existing conditions and Existing plus Project Improvement conditions along with
the respective turn‐lane storage lengths are shown in Table 3‐3.
Table 3‐3 Signalized Intersection Queueing Analysis
Location /
Movement
Existing Conditions Existing plus Project Improvement
Conditions
Storage
Length 95th Qa Exceeds
Storage (Y/N)
Storage
Length 95th Q Exceeds
Storage (Y/N)
Avenida Encinas at Palomar Airport Road
Weekday AM
EBL 90’ 63’ N 90’ 63’ N
WBL 180’ 569’ Y 180’ 569’ Y
NBL 100’ 47’ N 100’ 47’ N
NBR 400’ 0’ N 400’ 0’ N
SBL 250’ 121’ N 250’ 121’ N
SBR 550’ 0’ N 550’ 0’ N
Weekday PM
EBL 90’ 121’ Y 90’ 121’ Y
WBL 180’ 250’ Y 180’ 250’ Y
NBL 100’ 91’ N 100’ 91’ N
NBR 400’ 9’ N 400’ 9’ N
SBL 250’ 192’ N 250’ 192’ N
SBR 550’ 32’ N 550’ 32’ N
Avenida Encinas at Poinsettia Lane
Weekday AM
EBL 225’ 71’ N 225’ 71’ N
WBL 230’ 218’ N 230’ 218’ N
WBR 200’ 70’ N 200’ 83’ N
SB L 215’ 300’ Y 215’ 300’ Y
SBR 200’ 0’ N 200’ 0’ N
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Location /
Movement
Existing Conditions Existing plus Project Improvement
Conditions
Storage
Length 95th Qa Exceeds
Storage (Y/N)
Storage
Length 95th Q Exceeds
Storage (Y/N)
Weekday PM
EBL 225’ 94’ N 225’ 95’ N
WB L 230’ 295’ Y 230’ 295’ Y
WBR 200’ 73’ N 200’ 43’ N
SB L 215’ 320’ Y 215’ 323’ Y
SBR 200’ 0’ N 200’ 0’ N
Avenida Encinas at San Lucas / Shopping Plaza driveway
Weekday AM
NBL 155’ 0’ N 155’ 0’ N
NBR Lane group does not exist under existing condition 155’ 0’ N
SBL 300’ 59’ N 300’ 66’ N
SBR Lane group does not exist under existing condition 185’ 1’ N
Weekday PM
NBL 155’ 28’ N 155’ 18’ N
NBR Lane group does not exist under existing condition 155’ 0’ N
SBL 300’ 142’ N 300’ 82’ N
SBR Lane group does not exist under existing condition 185’ 7’ N
Avenida Encinas at Carlsbad Boulevard
Weekday AM
WBL 180’ 24’ N 180’ 27’ N
NBR 570’ 10’ N 570’ 13’ N
SBL 470’ 24’ N 470’ 15’ N
Weekday PM
WBL 180’ 47’ N 180’ 42’ N
NBR 570’ 11’ N 570’ 15’ N
SBL 470’ 26’ N 470’ 17’ N
Avenida Encinas at San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza driveway
Weekday AM
NBR Pedestrian signal does not exist under existing
conditions
175’ 8’ N
SBL 225’ 64’ N
SBR 180’ 2’ N
Weekday PM
NBR Pedestrian signal does not exist under existing
conditions
175’ 11’ N
SBL 225’ 83’ N
SBR 180’ 3’ N
a 95th percentile queue, in feet.
As shown in Table 3‐3, the 95th queue lengths for the intersections of Avenida Encinas & San Lucas /
Shopping Plaza driveway and Avenida Encinas & Carlsbad Boulevard do not exceed the provided storage
lengths under the Existing conditions and Existing plus Project Improvement conditions. The proposed
project improvements along Avenida Encinas do not result in any changes to 95th percentile queue
lengths for the intersections of Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane and Avenida Encinas & Palomar
Airport Road. The installation of a conventional pedestrian signal operation at the intersection of
Avenida Encinas & San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza driveway is not expected to result in queueing
conditions that exceed the storage lengths provided.
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3.3 Roadway Capacity Analysis
3.3.1 Methodology
As previously mentioned, Avenida Encinas is classified as a Neighborhood Connector Street and thus is
not subject to an Auto Multi Modal Level of Service evaluation. However, considering a portion of Avenida
Encinas, between Poinsettia Lane and Windrose Circle, is subject to lane reductions under the project
improvement condition, a roadway capacity analysis was conducted for this specific section of roadway.
The roadway capacity analysis was conducted in accordance with the City of Carlsbad’s TIA guidelines
(April 2018) and Service Volume Tables Report (June 2021). Carlsbad’s Service Volume Tables Report
provides peak hour roadway service volume thresholds for specific corridors and generalized roadway
corridors that are based on various geometry, signal timing, and traffic characteristic parameters specific
to the City of Carlsbad. Since Avenida Encinas is not included in the Specific Corridor section, the peak
hour volume thresholds identified in the Generalized Data were utilized to evaluate the roadway level of
service for the Existing conditions and Existing plus Project Improvement conditions. Table 3‐4 provides
description of the Generalized Data level of service thresholds provided in Carlsbad’s Service Volume
Tables Report. The City has identified LOS D as the threshold for acceptable roadway capacity operations.
Avenida Encinas between Poinsettia Lane and Windrose Circle was divided into the following segments
for the purposes of the roadway capacity analysis:
›Avenida Encinas between Poinsettia Lane and San Carlos Street
›Avenida Encinas between San Carlos Street and San Lucas
›Avenida Encinas between San Lucas and Shopping Plaza Driveway (south)
›Avenida Encinas between Shopping Plaza Driveway and 900’ s/o Shopping Plaza Driveway
›Avenida Encinas between 900’ s/o Shopping Plaza Driveway and Windrose Circle
Table 3‐4 Service Volume Report Level of Service Thresholds – Generalized Data
Lanes Speed Limit Median
Level of Service (LOS) Peak Directional Volume
Threshold*
B C D E
1 35 Undivided ** 180 590 740
35 Divided ** 190 630 780
2
35 Divided ** 520 1390 1540
45 Divided ** 600 1560 1760
50 Divided ** 850 1690 1820
55 Divided ** 1050 1800 1890
3
35 Divided ** 680 2230 2540
45 Divided ** 2040 2660 2700
50 Divided ** 2360 2760 2800
55 Divided 390 2600 2870 2900
4 45 Divided ** 2780 3560 3620
* Peak directional volume LOS thresholds reported as vehicle per hour per direction in the peak hour.
** Indicates LOS cannot be achieved during peak hour.
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3.3.2 Roadway Capacity Analysis Results
Table 3‐5 through Table 3‐8 provides the roadway capacity analysis results for the Existing conditions and
Existing plus Project Improvement conditions. Vehicular volume data used to support the roadway
capacity analysis is included in Appendix A.
Table 3‐5 Existing Conditions ‐Weekday AM Peak Hour
Direction Number of
Lanes Speed Limit Median LOS D
Capacitya
Peak
Direction
Volumea
LOS
Between Poinsettia Lane and San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza Driveway
NB 3 35 MPH Divided 2230 421 C
SB 2 35 MPH Divided 1390 430 C
Between San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza Driveway and San Lucas
NB 3 35 MPH Divided 2230 299 C
SB 2 35 MPH Divided 1390 233 C
Between San Lucas and Shopping Center Plaza Driveway (south)
NB 2 35 MPH Divided 1390 157 C
SB 2 35 MPH Divided 1390 139 C
Between Shopping Center Plaza Driveway (south) and 900' S/O Shopping Plaza Driveway
NB 2 35 MPH Divided 1390 170 C
SB 2 35 MPH Divided 1390 121 C
Between 900' S/O Shopping Plaza Driveway and Windrose Circle
NB 2 35 MPH Undivided 1180 170 C
SB 1 35 MPH Undivided 590 121 C
a Peak directional volume LOS thresholds reported as vehicle per hour per direction in the peak hour.
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Table 3‐6 Existing plus Project Improvement Conditions – Weekday AM Peak Hour
Direction Number of
Lanes Speed Limit Median LOS D
Capacitya
Peak
Direction
Volumea
LOS
Between Poinsettia Lane and San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza Drivewayb
NB 1 35 MPH Divided 630 421 D
SB 1 35 MPH Divided 630 430 D
Between San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza Driveway and San Lucas
NB 1 35 MPH Divided 630 299 D
SB 1 35 MPH Divided 630 233 D
Between San Lucas and Shopping Center Plaza Driveway (south)
NB 1 35 MPH Divided 630 157 C
SB 1 35 MPH Divided 630 139 C
Between Shopping Center Plaza Driveway (south) and 900' S/O Shopping Plaza Driveway
NB 1 35 MPH Divided 630 170 C
SB 1 35 MPH Divided 630 121 C
Between 900' S/O Shopping Plaza Driveway and Windrose Circle
NB 1 35 MPH Undivided 1180 170 C
SB 1 35 MPH Undivided 590 121 C
a Peak directional volume LOS thresholds reported as vehicle per hour per direction in the peak hour.
b Avenida Encinas is proposed to contain two receiving lanes in the SB direction and then reduce to one lane prior to San
Carlos Street. The worst‐case scenario of one lane was used for the purposes of this roadway capacity analysis.
Table 3‐7 Existing Conditions ‐Weekday PM Peak Hour
Direction Number of
Lanes Speed Limit Median LOS D
Capacity*
Peak
Direction
Volume*
LOS
Between Poinsettia Lane and San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza Driveway
NB 3 35 MPH Divided 2230 613 C
SB 2 35 MPH Divided 1390 522 D
Between San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza Driveway and San Lucas
NB 3 35 MPH Divided 2230 441 C
SB 2 35 MPH Divided 1390 302 C
Between San Lucas and Shopping Center Plaza Driveway (south)
NB 2 35 MPH Divided 1390 223 C
SB 2 35 MPH Divided 1390 179 C
Between Shopping Center Plaza Driveway (south) and 900' S/O Shopping Plaza Driveway
NB 2 35 MPH Divided 1390 208 C
SB 2 35 MPH Divided 1390 200 C
Between 900' S/O Shopping Plaza Driveway and Windrose Circle
NB 2 35 MPH Undivided 1180 208 C
SB 1 35 MPH Undivided 590 200 D
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Table 3‐8 Existing plus Project Improvement Conditions – Weekday PM Peak Hour
Direction Number of
Lanes Speed Limit Median LOS D
Capacitya
Peak
Direction
Volumea
LOS
Between Poinsettia Lane and San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza Drivewayb
NB 1 35 MPH Divided 630 613 D
SB 1 35 MPH Divided 630 522 D
Between San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza Driveway and San Lucas
NB 1 35 MPH Divided 630 441 D
SB 1 35 MPH Divided 630 302 D
Between San Lucas and Shopping Center Plaza Driveway (south)
NB 1 35 MPH Divided 630 223 D
SB 1 35 MPH Divided 630 179 C
Between San Lucas and Shopping Center Plaza Driveway (south)
NB 1 35 MPH Divided 630 208 D
SB 1 35 MPH Divided 630 200 D
Between 900' S/O Shopping Plaza Driveway and Windrose Circle
NB 1 35 MPH Undivided 1180 208 D
SB 1 35 MPH Undivided 590 200 D
a Peak directional volume LOS thresholds reported as vehicle per hour per direction in the peak hour.
b Avenida Encinas is proposed to contain two receiving lanes in the SB direction and then reduce to one lane prior to San
Carlos Street. The worst‐case scenario of one lane was used for the purposes of this roadway capacity analysis.
The following is a summary of notable findings based on the roadway capacity tables listed above:
›Existing Conditions – All roadway segments operate at LOS D or better during both peak
hours.
›Existing plus Project Improvements Conditions – with the proposed traffic calming measures
reducing the number of lanes to just one in each direction the corresponding roadway
capacity LOS reduced to LOS D for most of the roadway segments identified in the tables
below. However, LOS D is noted to be an acceptable roadway capacity operation according to
the City’s TIA guidelines and Service Volume Report.
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3.4 Multi‐Modal Level of Service
3.4.1 Methodology
STC evaluated the transportation services of Avenida Encinas from a multi‐modal perspective in
accordance with the City of Carlsbad’s Mobility Element of the General Plan and Traffic Impact Analysis
(TIA) Guidelines (2018). STC utilized the latest version of the City of Carlsbad’s MMLOS Tool to aid the
MMLOS methodology and to determine the MMLOS “grade” and corresponding LOS standard for the
Existing conditions and Existing plus Project Improvement conditions scenarios. Within the study area
Avenida Encinas is classified as a Neighborhood Connector Street, which according to the City’s TIA
guidelines is subject to a Pedestrian and Bicycle MMLOS standard but not subject to an Auto MMLOS
standard. The pedestrian and bicycle facilities were evaluated based on the attributes identified in the
MMLOS Tool for five segments of Avenida Encinas as noted below:
›Palomar Airport Road to 6200 Avenida Encinas
›6200 Avenida Encinas to Embarcadero Lane
›Embarcadero Lane to Poinsettia Lane
›Poinsettia Lane to Windrose Circle
›Windrose Circle to Carlsbad Boulevard
Table 3‐9 provides a description of the LOS scores and corresponding letter grade as identified in the City
of Carlsbad’s Traffic Impact Analysis (TIA) Guidelines. The guidelines state that Level of Service (LOS) D
should be maintained for each mode of travel for which the MMLOS standard is applicable.
Table 3‐9: MMLOS Level of Service Thresholds
Point Score LOS
90‐100 A
80‐89 B
70‐79 C
60‐69 D
50‐59 E
0‐49 F
Source: Carlsbad’s Traffic Impact Analysis (TIA) Guidelines (2018).
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3.4.2 MMLOS Analysis Results
The analysis under the ‘Project Improvement’ condition, assumed the following project improvements to
be incorporated as part of the project:
›New sidewalk installation on the east side of Avenida Encinas between Palomar Airport Road and
the Carlsbad Poinsettia Coaster Station driveway.
›New sidewalk installation on the eastern side of Avenida Encinas between the Carlsbad Poinsettia
Coaster Station and just south of Embarcadero Lane.
›Class II directional bikeway separated from the adjacent travel lane with a buffer. Where parking
is provided, the parking lane will be against the curb with the bike lane situated to the left of the
parking lane separated with a buffer.
›Pedestrian accessibility improvements including ADA compliant curb ramps, high‐visibility
crosswalk enhancements, curb extensions to reduce crossing distance, LED countdown heads and
audible signals.
›Installation of a Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon at Avenida Encinas & San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza
driveway.
Table 3‐10 provides the MMLOS analysis results for the Existing conditions and Existing plus Project
Improvement conditions summarized by each segment and direction of travel. MMLOS analysis
worksheets for each segment are included in Appendix E.
Table 3‐10 MMLOS Analysis Results
# Segment
Existing Condition Existing Plus Project
Improvement Condition
Score LOS Score LOS Score LOS Score LOS
NB SB NB SB
Pedestrian MMLOS
1 Palomar Airport Road to 6200 Avenida Encinas 75 C 0 F 100 A 90 A
2 6200 Avenida Encinas to Embarcadero Lane 70 C 65 D 100 A 90 A
3 Embarcadero Lane to Poinsettia Lane 90 A 100 A 100 A 100 A
4 Poinsettia Lane to Windrose Circle 80 B 80 B 100 A 100 A
5 Windrose Circle to Carlsbad Boulevard 85 B 85 B 100 A 100 A
Bicycle MMLOS
1 Palomar Airport Road to 6200 Avenida Encinas 70 C 70 C 95 A 95 A
2 6200 Avenida Encinas to Embarcadero Lane 0 F 0 F 90 A 90 A
3 Embarcadero Lane to Poinsettia Lane 90 A 90 A 100 A 100 A
4 Poinsettia Lane to Windrose Circle 75 C 80 B 95 A 95 A
5 Windrose Circle to Carlsbad Boulevard 95 A 95 A 100 A 100 A
*Unacceptable LOS denoted in Bold.
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The following is a summary of notable findings based on Table 3‐9 above:
›Existing Conditions – the Pedestrian MMLOS for segment 1 in the southbound direction is
currently at an unacceptable LOS F. The Bicycle MMLOS for segment 2 in the northbound
and southbound direction are both currently at an unacceptable LOS F.
›Existing plus Project Improvements Conditions – with the proposed pedestrian and bicycle
improvements the corresponding Pedestrian and Bicycle MMLOS either remain or improve to
LOS A for all segments in the northbound and southbound directions.
3.5 FHWA Unsignalized Crossing Enhancement Analysis
3.5.1 Methodology
STC reviewed and analyzed the FHWA Guide for Improving Pedestrian Safety at Unsignalized Crossing
Locations guidelines in order to aid the decision of what enhancements should be included as part of the
project. The FHWA guidelines provides assistance in selecting various countermeasures that help improve
pedestrian safety at uncontrolled pedestrian crossing locations, which occur where sidewalks or
designated walkways intersect the major roadway at a location where no traffic control (i.e., traffic signal,
or STOP sign) is present. The guidelines identify countermeasures by roadway conditions such as vehicle
speed limit, annual average daily traffic (AADT), and number of travel lanes. Figure 3‐1 below identifies
recommended countermeasures based on various roadway characteristics as depicted in the FHWA Guide
for Improving Pedestrian Safety at Unsignalized Crossing Locations.
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Figure 3‐1 Application of Pedestrian Countermeasures by Roadway Feature
The following locations were subject to the analysis based on the criteria set forth in the FHWA Guide for
Improving Pedestrian Safety at Unsignalized Crossing Locations:
›Avenida Encinas & Carlsbad Poinsettia Coaster Station driveway
›Avenida Encinas & Embarcadero Lane (north)
›Avenida Encinas & Embarcadero Lane (south)
›Avenida Encinas & Macadamia Drive
›Avenida Encinas & Raintree Drive
›Avenida Encinas & San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza driveway (north)
›Avenida Encinas & Shopping Plaza driveway (south)
›Avenida Encinas & Windrose Circle
›Avenida Encinas & Dory Lane / Meridian Way
›Avenida Encinas & Ponto Drive
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The FHWA unsignalized crossing enhancement analysis worksheets are included in Appendix F. The
remaining unsignalized locations where project improvements are proposed were based on discussions
with the City and the City’s community outreach efforts. A discussion on the pedestrian enhancements
at these additional locations is provided in Section 4.2.
3.5.2 FHWA Unsignalized Crossing Enhancement Analysis Results
This section summarizes each proposed crossing locations’ roadway characteristics and corresponding
pedestrian enhancement countermeasures based on FHWA guidelines. The countermeasures identified
in the subsequent sections will help aid the decision of what enhancements will be recommended to be
included as part the project detailed in Section 4.2. It should be noted that the intersection of Avenida
Encinas & Portage Way / Marlin Lane was not subject to the FHWA criteria since this location is controlled
by stop signs on all four approaches. However, through discussions with City staff and to be consistent
with improvements proposed throughout the corridor, the project will incorporate high‐visibility
crosswalk markings across all approaches, curb extensions on all four corners of the intersection, and ADA
compliant curb ramps at this location.
3.5.2.1 Avenida Encinas & San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza Driveway
Avenida Encinas contains a roadway configuration of 4+ lanes with a raised median and a posted speed
limit of 35 mph at the intersection with San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza driveway. Based on the traffic
count data, the ADT in the vicinity of this crossing location is 11,628 vehicles. Based on these parameters,
the FHWA guidelines recommend considering one or more of the following enhancements:
High‐visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate
nighttime lighting levels, and crossing warning signs
Advance Yield Here To (Stop Here For) Pedestrians sign and yield (stop) line.
Curb‐extensions
Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacon (RRFB)
Road Diet
Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)
Based on existing roadway characteristics, if high visibility crosswalk markings are installed, the FHWA
guidelines recommend supplementing the marked crosswalk with one or more of the other
enhancements listed above.
3.5.2.2 Avenida Encinas & Embarcadero Lane
Avenida Encinas contains a roadway configuration of 3 lanes without a raised median and a posted speed
limit of 35 mph at the intersection with Embarcadero Lane (north). Based on the traffic count data, the
ADT in the vicinity of this crossing location is 5,924 vehicles. Based on these parameters, the FHWA
guidelines recommend considering one or more the following enhancements:
High‐visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate
nighttime lighting levels, and crossing warning signs.
Advance Yield Here To (Stop Here For) Pedestrians sign and yield (stop) line.
Curb‐extensions
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Pedestrian Refuge Island
Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacon (RRFB)
Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)
3.5.2.3 Avenida Encinas & Ponto Drive
Avenida Encinas contains a roadway configuration of 3 lanes without a raised median and a posted speed
limit of 35 mph at the intersection with Ponto Drive. Based on the traffic count data, the ADT in the vicinity
of this crossing location is 2,850 vehicles Based on these parameters, the FHWA guidelines recommend
considering one or more of the following enhancements:
High‐visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate
nighttime lighting levels, and crossing warning signs.
Advance Yield Here To (Stop Here For) Pedestrians sign and yield (stop) line.
Curb‐extensions
Pedestrian Refuge Island
Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacon (RRFB)
Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)
3.5.2.4 Avenida Encinas & Carlsbad Poinsettia Coaster Station Driveway
Avenida Encinas contains a roadway configuration of 2 lanes and a posted speed limit of 35 mph at the
intersection with the Carlsbad Poinsettia Coaster Station driveway. Based on the traffic count data, the
ADT in the vicinity of this crossing location is 5,924 vehicles. Based on these parameters, the FHWA
guidelines recommend considering one or more of the following enhancements :
High‐visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate
nighttime lighting levels, and crossing warning signs.
Curb‐extensions
Pedestrian Refuge Island
Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacon (RRFB)
Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)
3.5.2.5 Avenida Encinas & Embarcadero Lane (south)
Avenida Encinas contains a roadway configuration of 3 lanes without a median and a posted speed limit
of 35 mph at the intersection with the Embarcadero Lane (south). Based on the traffic count data in the
vicinity of this location, the ADT is 5,924 vehicles. Based on these parameters, the FHWA guidelines
recommend considering one or more of the following enhancements:
High‐visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate
nighttime lighting levels, and crossing warning signs.
Advance Yield Here To (Stop Here For) Pedestrians sign and yield (stop) line.
Curb‐extensions
Pedestrian Refuge Island
Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacon (RRFB)
Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)
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3.5.2.6 Avenida Encinas & Macadamia Drive
Avenida Encinas contains a roadway configuration of 3 lanes without a median and a posted speed limit
of 35 mph at the intersection with the Macadamia Drive. Based on the traffic count data in the vicinity of
this location, the ADT is 5,924 vehicles. Based on these parameters, the FHWA guidelines recommend
considering one or more of the following enhancements:
High‐visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate
nighttime lighting levels, and crossing warning signs.
Advance Yield Here To (Stop Here For) Pedestrians sign and yield (stop) line.
Curb‐extensions
Pedestrian Refuge Island
Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacon (RRFB)
Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)
3.5.2.7 Avenida Encinas & Raintree Drive
Avenida Encinas contains a roadway configuration of 3 lanes without a median and a posted speed limit
of 35 mph at the intersection with the Raintree Drive. Based on the traffic count data in the vicinity of this
location, the ADT is 5,924 vehicles. Based on these parameters, the FHWA guidelines recommend
considering one or more of the following enhancements:
High‐visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate
nighttime lighting levels, and crossing warning signs.
Advance Yield Here To (Stop Here For) Pedestrians sign and yield (stop) line.
Curb‐extensions
Pedestrian Refuge Island
Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacon (RRFB)
Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)
3.5.2.8 Avenida Encinas & Shopping Plaza driveway (south)
Avenida Encinas contains a roadway configuration of 4 lanes with a median and a posted speed limit of
35 mph at the intersection with the Shopping Plaza driveway (south). Based on the traffic count data in
the vicinity of this location, the ADT is 4,336 vehicles. Based on these parameters, the FHWA guidelines
recommend considering one or more of the following enhancements:
High‐visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate
nighttime lighting levels, and crossing warning signs.
Advance Yield Here To (Stop Here For) Pedestrians sign and yield (stop) line.
Curb‐extensions
Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacon (RRFB)
Road Diet
Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)
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3.5.2.9 Avenida Encinas & Windrose Circle
Avenida Encinas contains a roadway configuration of 2 lanes and a posted speed limit of 35 mph at the
intersection with Windrose Circle. Based on the traffic count data in the vicinity of this location, the ADT
is 4,336 vehicles. Based on these parameters, the FHWA guidelines recommend considering one or more
of the following enhancements:
High‐visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate
nighttime lighting levels, and crossing warning signs.
Curb‐extensions
Pedestrian refuge island
Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacon (RRFB)
Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)
3.5.2.10 Avenida Encinas & Dory Lane / Meridian Way
Avenida Encinas contains a roadway configuration of 2 lanes and a posted speed limit of 35 mph at the
intersection with Dory Lane / Meridian Way. Based on the traffic count data in the vicinity of this location,
the ADT is 4,336 vehicles. Based on these parameters, the FHWA guidelines recommend considering one
or more of the following enhancements:
High‐visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate
nighttime lighting levels, and crossing warning signs.
Curb‐extensions
Pedestrian refuge island
Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacon (RRFB)
Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)
3.6 Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon Warrant Analysis
3.6.1 Methodology
A Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB) analysis was conducted at the intersection of Avenida Encinas & San
Carlos / Shopping Plaza Driveway with the primary goal of providing a controlled pedestrian crossing at
this location based on discussions with the City and the City’s community outreach effort. The PHB
warrant analysis is based on the latest adopted California Manual on Uniform Traffic Control Devices (CA‐
MUTCD) Section 4F.01 which defines a PHB as the following:
01 ‐A pedestrian hybrid beacon is a special type of hybrid beacon used to warn and control traffic
at an unsignalized location to assist pedestrians in crossing a street or highway at a marked
crosswalk.
The CA‐MUTCD offers the following alternative to a PHB:
01a ‐A conventional traffic control signal operation with a standard signal face displaying green,
yellow and red (steady and/or flashing red) indications, at a mid‐block crosswalk is an alternative
to the pedestrian hybrid beacon.
Traffic Impact Analysis Report 25
Figure 4F‐2 MUTCD Guidelines for the Installation of PHB on High‐Speed Roadways
Avenida Encinas CRT
The CA‐MUTCD provides guidelines for the installation of Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons (PHB) based on the
peak pedestrian volume of pedestrians crossing the major street, the peak vehicular volume of both
approaches on the major street, and the speed of the roadway. Guidelines for the installation of a PHB
are provided for roadways classified as the following:
Low‐speed roadway (vehicle speeds are less than or equal to 35 MPH)
High‐speed roadway (vehicle speeds are greater than 35 MPH)
The warrant analysis is summarized in the subsequent section and the analysis worksheet is included in
Appendix G.
3.6.2 Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon Warrant Analysis Results
Based on traffic counts collected on March 9th, 2022, the 85th percentile speed along Avenida Encinas,
within the vicinity of the proposed crossing, was found to be 37 MPH, which classifies Avenida Encinas as
a high‐speed roadway under the CA MUTCD guidelines of installing a PHB. The peak hour total (4:30pm
to 5:30pm) of pedestrians crossing Avenida Encinas near the intersection of San Carlos Street / Shopping
Plaza Driveway was shown to be 6 pedestrians, while the conflicting vehicular total of both approaches
on Avenida Encinas was shown to be 979 vehicles. These volumes are shown in relation to MUTCD Figure
4F‐2 below. The existing roadway width is about 84 feet, measured curb‐to‐curb.
As shown in the figure above, the minimum threshold for pedestrians crossing the major street required
to justify the PHB based on the vehicular volume and crosswalk length is 20 pedestrians per hour (pph).
The pedestrian volumes are slightly below the threshold guidelines, with 6 pph rather than 20 pph.
However, based on engineering judgement, it is anticipated that some of the pedestrians currently
crossing Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane and Avenida Encinas & San Lucas / Shopping Plaza driveway
would prefer to cross at Avenida Encinas & San Carlos Street, if an enhanced pedestrian crossing was
available, since this location provides direct access between the residential neighborhood and the
shopping center. Pedestrian volume data at Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane and Avenida Encinas & San
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Lucas / Shopping Plaza during the same peak hour shows a total of 29 and 7 pedestrians crossing Avenida
Encinas, respectively. Additionally, 12‐hour pedestrian volume data at Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane
and Avenida Encinas & San Lucas / Shopping Plaza driveway shows a total of 286 and 73 pedestrians
crossing Avenida Encinas, respectively. Based on these results and engineering judgment, a PHB is
warranted at the location of Avenida Encinas & San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza driveway.
3.7 Traffic Signal Warrant Analysis
3.7.1 Methodology
A traffic signal warrant analysis was conducted for the intersection of Avenida Encinas & San Carlos Street
/ Shopping Plaza Driveway in accordance with the CA MUTCD, Chapter 4C. While all the warrants provided
in the CA MUTCD were reviewed, only the following warrants were considered applicable and therefore
were analyzed in further detail:
›Warrant 1, Eight‐Hour Vehicular Volume.
›Warrant 2, Four‐Hour Vehicular Volume.
›Warrant 3, Peak‐Hour.
›Warrant 4, Pedestrian Volume.
›Warrant 6, Coordinated Signal System
›Warrant 7, Crash Experience.
Data used for the analysis include the vehicular volumes, pedestrian counts, and 85th percentile speed
data collected on March 9th, 2022, as well as historical crash data from the year 2021. The warrant analysis
is summarized in the subsequent section.
3.7.2 Traffic Signal Warrant Analysis Results
The traffic signal warrant analysis results are summarized in Table 3‐11, followed by a summary of key
criteria. The warrant analysis sheets and Figures 4C‐2 and 4C‐4 from the CA MUTCD, are included in
Appendix H.
Table 3‐11 Traffic Signal Warrant Analysis Summary
Warrant 1‐Eight Hour Vehicular Volume Warrant
2‐Four
Warrant 3‐
Peak Hour Warrant 4
‐
Pedestrian
Volume
Warrant 6 ‐
Coordinated
Signal
System
Warrant 7‐
Crash
Experience Condition
A
Condition
B
Combination
of
Conditions A
& B
Hour
Vehicular
Volume
Part B
Yes No Yes Yes No No No No
Below is summary of key criteria:
Warrant 1 and Warrant 2 – are based entirely on vehicular volume, exceed the minimum
thresholds for a traffic signal to be considered.
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Warrant 3 (Part B) – is based on the peak hour volume totals of both major street approaches and
the highest minor street approach, did not exceed the minimum thresholds.
Warrant 4 – considered the pedestrian volume thresholds for the pedestrian signal. Based on the
results, this location did not meet the minimum thresholds required for Warrant 4.
Warrant 6 – a coordinated signal system should meet the minimum signal spacing requirements
of 1,000 feet. Failure to meet the minimum signal spacing requirements makes coordinating the
signals in the system a difficult process and could potentially lead to undesired capacity issues
along the corridor. The location of this pedestrian signal, were it to be installed, would provide
spacing between signals to the north and south of approximately 585 feet and 565 feet,
respectively. Therefore, based on the results, this location would not meet the minimum
thresholds required for Warrant 6.
Warrant 7 – is based on the number of crashes reported within a 12‐month period, susceptible
to correction by a traffic signal. Based on crash data obtained from Statewide Integrated Traffic
Records System (SWITRS), only one accident was reported at this location in 2021, however that
accident involved a single vehicle that overturned and thus is not susceptible to correction by a
traffic signal. Collision data used for the signal warrant analysis is included in Appendix I.
4 RECOMMENDED PROJECT IMPROVEMENTS
This section provides a high‐level overview of the recommended project improvements, which are
supported by the traffic analysis results. The proposed project improvements are highlighted in Figure 4‐
1 and are incorporated in the latest conceptual design plan (April 2022) included in Appendix B.
4.1 Traffic Calming
Traffic calming measures along Avenida Encinas are proposed to reduce the number of through lanes to
one lane in each direction between Poinsettia Lane and Windrose Circle. This will provide bicyclists with
a Class II bike lane separated from traffic and curbed parking lanes with a buffer, affording an enhanced
and reasonably safer bicycle access to regional and local transit locations and important community
destinations along the corridor. The proposed traffic calming effort will also aim to slow vehicular
speeds along the corridor in an effort to provide a reasonably safer environment for pedestrians. Based
on the roadway capacity analysis results, the proposed lane reduction is not anticipated to degrade the
roadway conditions below a LOS of D. Since the roadway is expected to operate at an acceptable LOS
based on the City of Carlsbad TIA guidelines, the proposed improvement for this section of the corridor
is recommended to be included as part of the project enhancements.
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4.2 Pedestrian and Bicycle Enhancements
In order to create a balanced multi‐modal corridor, the project proposes to install a variety of pedestrian
improvements that include ADA compliant curb ramps, high visibility continental crosswalk
enhancements, and curb extensions to reduce crossing distance.
Unsignalized intersections – proposed improvements at unsignalized locations are summarized in
Table 4‐1.
Signalized intersections – recommend to incorporate enhanced high‐visibility continental
crosswalks as a safety countermeasure.
Class II bikeway – Incorporates dashed green pavement markings whenever a bike lane conflicts
with a right‐turn lane. Bikeway will be separated from the adjacent travel lane with a buffer.
Where parking is provided, the parking lane will be against the curb with the bike lane situated to
the left of the parking lane separated with a buffer
Sidewalks – Gaps that exist south of Palomar Airport Road are proposed to be fulfilled with the
installation of new sidewalk and ADA compliant accommodations in this area.
Additionally, the intersection of Avenida Encinas & San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza driveway was
analyzed for a Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB) or traffic signal based on feedback obtained from the
community. The analysis results, which are supported by engineering judgement, conclude that warrants
are met for installation of a PHB or a traffic signal. As supported by the CA‐MUTCD, a conventional
pedestrian signal operation (3‐section signal heads with green, yellow, red indications) is recommended
as an alternative to a PHB to better support intersection geometrics, traffic operations, and continuity
with nearby intersections.
Together, these improvements aim to increase mobility and enhance safety along the corridor for all users
which aligns with the City’s goals outlined in the Mobility Element of the General Plan.
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Table 4‐1 Recommended Pedestrian Improvements by Intersection
Location Recommended Pedestrian Enhancement
Avenida Encinas & San Carlos / Shopping
Plaza Driveway
High‐visibility crosswalk markings
Crossing warning signs
Advance Yield Here To (Stop Here For) Pedestrians sign and
yield (stop) line
Curb‐extension on southeast corner
ADA compliant curb ramps
Pedestrian Signal
Avenida Encinas & Embarcadero Lane
(north)
High‐visibility crosswalk markings across minor roadway
Avenida Encinas & Ponto Drive High‐visibility crosswalk markings
Crossing warning signs
Avenida Encinas & Carlsbad Poinsettia
Coaster Station driveway
High‐visibility crosswalk markings across minor roadway
Avenida Encinas & Embarcadero Lane
(south)
High‐visibility crosswalk markings across minor roadway
Avenida Encinas & Macadamia Drive High‐visibility crosswalk markings across minor roadway
Curb extensions on two corners of the intersection (east
side)
ADA compliant curb ramps
Avenida Encinas & Raintree Drive High‐visibility crosswalk markings across minor roadway
Curb extensions on two corners of the intersection (east
side)
ADA compliant curb ramps
Avenida Encinas & Shopping Plaza
driveway (south)
High‐visibility crosswalk markings across minor roadway
Avenida Encinas & Windrose Circle High‐visibility crosswalk markings across minor roadway
Avenida Encinas & Portage Way / Marlin High‐visibility crosswalk markings across major and minor
Way roadway
Curb extensions on all four corners of the intersection
ADA compliant curb ramps
Avenida Encinas & Dory Lane / Meridian
Way
High‐visibility crosswalk markings across minor roadway
Curb extensions on all four corners of the intersection
ADA compliant curb ramps
Traffic Impact Analysis Report 30
A
A
A
BB
B
BBBB
C
1
C
7
Po
i
n
s
e
tt
i
a
L
a
n
e
13
Air
p
o
r
t
R
o
a
d
Pa
l
o
m
a
r
as A venida Enc
Avenida Encinas CRT
Driveway
Av
e
n
i
d
a
E
n
c
i
n
a
s
Embarcadero Lane
BL
BL BL
BL Avenida Encinas
Avenida Encinas BLBL
Avenida Encinas BL BLAvenida Encinas Avenida Encinas
BL
CO
A
S
T
E
R
D
r
i
v
e
w
a
y
BL
B BMacadamia DriveC C C C CEmbarcadero LanePalomar Airport Road Raintree Drive Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road Avenida Encinas & Avenida Encinas & Avenida Encinas & Avenida Encinas & Avenida Encinas &3 4 5 62 COASTER Driveway Embarcadero Lane North Embarcadero Lane South Macadamia Drive Raintree Drive
Shopping Center Shopping Center BL BLBL
BL BL PortageBL Way
Driveway WindroseAvenida Avenida ShoppingAvenidaEncinas
Av
e
n
i
d
a
E
n
c
i
n
a
s
BL
Circle Marlin LaneEncinas CenterEncinasBL BLBL
C C B BL B BLC C CAvenida EncinasPoinsettia Lane San Carlos Street San Lucas Street Avenida Encinas8 9Avenida Encinas & Avenida Encinas & Avenida Encinas & Avenida Encinas & Avenida Encinas &Avenida Encinas & 11 1210San Carlos Street/Shopping Center San Lucas Street/Shopping Center Shopping Center Windrose Circle Portage Way/Marlin LanePoinsettia Lane
BL BL BL Avenida Encinas LEGEND BL
# Study IntersectionDory Existing Signal ControlLane
Existing Stop ControlledPontoMeridian CarlsbadWay Drive BL ApproachBoulevard SB New Pedestrian Signal
Intersection Enhacement -Carlsbad BL C Continental CrosswalkBoulevard C B BL C BL C BL NB C Intersection Enhacement -NOT TO SCALEAvenida Encinas Avenida Encinas BAvenida Encinas & Dory Lane/Meridian Way Avenida Encinas & Avenida Encinas & Avenida Encinas & Corner Bulb-Out14 15a 15bPonto Drive Carlsbad Boulevard NB Carlsbad Boulevard SB New Continental Crosswalk
New Corner Bulb-Out
Road Diet w/ Enhanced Class
II Bike Lanes
Enhanced Class II Bike Lanes
INTERST TE 5
11
INTERST TE 5 10
1245 6 98INTERST TE 75
3 Avenida Encinas 13
in 2 1
Carlsbad Boulevard 15a
Carlsbad Boulevard 15b
Figure 4-1
Proposed Project Enhancements
14
Avenida Encinas CRT
4.3 Traffic Signal Modifications
This report reviewed opportunities to implement right‐turn overlap phasing to improve operations at
signalized intersections. According to the CA‐MUTCD Section 4D.21:
13 A right‐turn green arrow should be considered for use only when there is an exclusive right‐turn lane or
it is the only movement that traffic is permitted to make or when the right‐turn volume exceeds 200
vehicles per hour.
Based on this criteria and as supported by the traffic analysis which indicate significant improvements to
intersection operations, the following locations are recommended for the installation of right‐turn overlap
phasing:
›Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane northbound right‐turn movement
›Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane westbound right‐turn movement
It should be noted that both movements mentioned above do not conflict with any U‐turn movement as
no U‐turns are currently allowed for the westbound and southbound approaches.
Traffic Impact Analysis Report 32
List of Appendices
Appendix A - Traffic Volume Data ................................................................................... A1-A68
Appendix B - Segment Two Conceptual Design Plan ........................................................ B1-B2
Appendix C - Signal Timing Sheets ...................................................................................C1-C3
Appendix D - LOS and Queuing Analysis Worksheets ...................................................... D1-D40
Appendix E - MMLOS Analysis Worksheets...................................................................... E1-E10
Appendix F - FHWA Unsignalized Crossing Enhancement Analysis Worksheets ............... F1-F20
Appendix G - Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon Warrant Analysis Worksheets ............................G1-G2
Appendix H - Traffic Signal Warrant Analysis Worksheets ................................................ H1-H10
Appendix I - Collision Data ............................................................................................... I1
Appendix A:
Traffic Volume Data
TMC Data (Vehicles/Pedestrians/Bicycles):
Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road ........................................................A1 -A5
Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane ..................................................................A6 - A10
Avenida Encinas & Carlsbad Boulevard ............................................................A11 - A20
Avenida Encinas & Dory Lane ..........................................................................A21 - A25
Avenida Encinas & Portage Way .......................................................................A26 - A30
Avenida Encinas & San Carlos Street .................................................................A31 - A35
Avenida Encinas & Embaradero Lane ................................................................A36 - A40
Avenida Encinas & Carlsbad Poinsettia Coaster Station Driveway .....................A41 - A45
Avenida Encinas & San Lucas / Shopping Plaza Driveway (Signal) ......................A46 - A50
ATR Data:
Between Carlsbad Poinsettia Coaster Station Driveway & Embarcadero Lane ....A51 - A53
Between Dory Lane & Portage Way ...................................................................A54 - A56
Between Poinsettia Lane & San Carlos Street ....................................................A57 - A59
Between San Carlos Street & San Lucas .............................................................A60 - A62
Between San Lucas & Shopping Plaza Driveway ..............................................A63 - A65
Between Shopping Plaza Driveway & Windrose Circle .......................................A66 - A68
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 01_CAR_Ave E_Pal VEH
N/S: Avenida Encinas Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Palomar Airport Road Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 1
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Avenida Encinas Palomar Airport Road Avenida Encinas Palomar Airport Road
Southbound Westbound Northbound Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
07:00 AM 17 8 4 29 58 31 44 133 0 8 17 25 6 48 6 60 247
07:15 AM 33 17 3 53 65 25 26 116 12 5 19 36 7 38 13 58 263
07:30 AM 11 14 2 27 56 22 47 125 5 7 29 41 4 55 16 75 268
07:45 AM 22 23 11 56 77 36 41 154 6 17 21 44 5 85 19 109 363
Total 83 62 20 165 256 114 158 528 23 37 86 146 22 226 54 302 1141
08:00 AM
08:15 AM
08:30 AM
08:45 AM
9
24
23
19
21
34
36
23
2
6
6
2
32
64
65
44
80
86
75
67
32
37
36
36
43
69
47
54
155
192
158
157
5
7
10
4
11
12
23
20
30
36
60
44
46
55
93
68
10
6
7
3
64
76
52
56
16
21
19
11
90
103
78
70
323
414
394
339
Total 75 114 16 205 308 141 213 662 26 66 170 262 26 248 67 341 1470
09:00 AM
09:15 AM
09:30 AM
09:45 AM
36
22
28
28
21
13
8
12
6
3
6
9
63
38
42
49
59
71
53
47
27
54
44
33
53
52
41
41
139
177
138
121
3
6
6
5
18
17
12
17
43
44
45
52
64
67
63
74
6
6
9
3
52
44
63
51
8
12
7
14
66
62
79
68
332
344
322
312
Total 114 54 24 192 230 158 187 575 20 64 184 268 24 210 41 275 1310
10:00 AM
10:15 AM
10:30 AM
10:45 AM
25
23
28
35
11
12
18
15
6
2
6
12
42
37
52
62
46
45
54
44
30
33
49
34
40
45
42
48
116
123
145
126
11
12
11
8
16
9
12
14
53
47
44
47
80
68
67
69
2
5
6
3
56
54
71
53
10
10
5
11
68
69
82
67
306
297
346
324
Total 111 56 26 193 189 146 175 510 42 51 191 284 16 234 36 286 1273
11:00 AM
11:15 AM
11:30 AM
11:45 AM
48
36
47
49
20
20
24
19
6
12
9
15
74
68
80
83
48
47
60
61
49
68
52
62
68
70
75
87
165
185
187
210
12
7
7
4
17
19
22
17
45
67
57
55
74
93
86
76
4
3
14
5
62
58
71
56
11
9
10
12
77
70
95
73
390
416
448
442
Total 180 83 42 305 216 231 300 747 30 75 224 329 26 247 42 315 1696
12:00 PM
12:15 PM
12:30 PM
12:45 PM
51
49
55
41
12
12
16
20
12
7
8
8
75
68
79
69
47
38
54
56
66
74
66
62
54
75
61
65
167
187
181
183
11
9
11
7
29
28
25
18
59
50
48
56
99
87
84
81
10
10
5
5
67
67
50
69
3
7
10
11
80
84
65
85
421
426
409
418
Total 196 60 35 291 195 268 255 718 38 100 213 351 30 253 31 314 1674
01:00 PM
01:15 PM
01:30 PM
01:45 PM
79
67
59
45
23
22
9
21
18
14
8
11
120
103
76
77
51
46
48
60
53
54
79
50
67
61
56
58
171
161
183
168
12
10
13
11
24
16
11
21
54
51
56
43
90
77
80
75
8
8
10
5
47
43
49
60
18
9
17
6
73
60
76
71
454
401
415
391
Total 250 75 51 376 205 236 242 683 46 72 204 322 31 199 50 280 1661
02:00 PM
02:15 PM
02:30 PM
02:45 PM
43
53
39
45
18
22
28
14
13
8
5
7
74
83
72
66
53
65
63
43
72
45
80
77
41
39
43
54
166
149
186
174
14
13
22
16
15
19
19
27
47
54
66
55
76
86
107
98
10
13
5
14
52
55
57
60
9
21
12
11
71
89
74
85
387
407
439
423
Total 180 82 33 295 224 274 177 675 65 80 222 367 42 224 53 319 1656
03:00 PM
03:15 PM
03:30 PM
03:45 PM
33
44
43
47
18
9
23
20
6
13
12
10
57
66
78
77
48
54
67
76
71
93
93
85
46
65
41
62
165
212
201
223
17
17
21
13
22
26
37
37
59
59
83
75
98
102
141
125
4
7
7
9
63
62
50
65
7
8
8
16
74
77
65
90
394
457
485
515
Total 167 70 41 278 245 342 214 801 68 122 276 466 27 240 39 306 1851
04:00 PM 45 23 10 78 46 92 51 189 12 48 75 135 18 61 5 84
A1
486
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 01_CAR_Ave E_Pal VEH
N/S: Avenida Encinas Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Palomar Airport Road Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 2
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Avenida Encinas Palomar Airport Road Avenida Encinas Palomar Airport Road
Southbound Westbound Northbound Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
04:15 PM 53 12 15 80 63 101 37 201 15 35 52 102 9 59 19 87 470
04:30 PM 35 17 12 64 42 79 53 174 19 47 94 160 6 67 5 78 476
04:45 PM 39 20 12 71 57 88 70 215 16 51 62 129 14 66 10 90 505
Total 172 72 49 293 208 360 211 779 62 181 283 526 47 253 39 339 1937
05:00 PM
05:15 PM
05:30 PM
05:45 PM
44
49
46
44
12
27
21
12
15
14
14
16
71
90
81
72
41
54
39
53
86
84
105
71
62
75
80
67
189
213
224
191
20
22
8
13
69
59
51
45
121
64
68
76
210
145
127
134
21
23
18
16
66
72
76
73
10
9
5
7
97
104
99
96
567
552
531
493
Total 183 72 59 314 187 346 284 817 63 224 329 616 78 287 31 396 2143
06:00 PM
06:15 PM
06:30 PM
06:45 PM
51
50
75
49
11
8
15
11
6
9
3
7
68
67
93
67
32
42
24
28
60
60
39
32
63
68
51
38
155
170
114
98
8
9
9
3
42
24
23
9
81
65
65
30
131
98
97
42
13
11
9
9
41
50
34
38
8
8
5
3
62
69
48
50
416
404
352
257
Total 225 45 25 295 126 191 220 537 29 98 241 368 42 163 24 229 1429
Grand Total 1936 845 421 3202 2589 2807 2636 8032 512 1170 2623 4305 411 2784 507 3702 19241
Apprch % 60.5 26.4 13.1 32.2 34.9 32.8 11.9 27.2 60.9 11.1 75.2 13.7
Total % 10.1 4.4 2.2 16.6 13.5 14.6 13.7 41.7 2.7 6.1 13.6 22.4 2.1 14.5 2.6 19.2
Avenida Encinas
Southbound
Palomar Airport Road
Westbound
Avenida Encinas
Northbound
Palomar Airport Road
Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Entire Intersection Begins at 04:45 PM
% App. Total 56.9 25.6 17.6 22.7 43.2 34.1 10.8 37.6 51.6 19.5 71.8 8.7
PHF .908 .741 .917 .869 .838 .864 .897 .939 .750 .833 .651 .727 .826 .921 .850 .938 .950
04:45 PM 39 20 12 71 57 88 70 215 16 51 62 129 14 66 10 90 505
05:00 PM 44 12 15 71 41 86 62 189 20 69 121 210 21 66 10 97 567
05:15 PM 49 27 14 90 54 84 75 213 22 59 64 145 23 72 9 104 552
05:30 PM 46 21 14 81 39 105 80 224 8 51 68 127 18 76 5 99 531
Total Volume 178 80 55 313 191 363 287 841 66 230 315 611 76 280 34 390 2155
A2
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 01_CAR_Ave E_Pal VEH
N/S: Avenida Encinas Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Palomar Airport Road Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 3
Avenida Encinas
Pa
l
o
m
a
r
A
i
r
p
o
r
t
R
o
a
d
Pa
l
o
m
a
r
A
i
r
p
o
r
t
R
o
a
d
Avenida Encinas
Right
55
Thru
80
Left
178
InOut Total
593 313 906
Rig
h
t
28
7
Th
r
u 36
3
Le
f
t
19
1
Ou
t
To
t
a
l
In
77
3
84
1
16
1
4
Left
66
Thru
230
Right
315
Out TotalIn
305 611 916
Le
f
t
76
Th
r
u28
0
Rig
h
t
34
To
t
a
l
Ou
t
In
48
4
39
0
87
4
Peak Hour Begins at 04:45 PM
Total Volume
Peak Hour Data
North
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Each Approach Begins at:
01:00 PM 04:45 PM 04:30 PM 05:00 PM
+0 mins. 79 23 18 120 57 88 70 215 19 47 94 160 21 66 10 97
+15 mins. 67 22 14 103 41 86 62 189 16 51 62 129 23 72 9 104
+30 mins. 59 9 8 76 54 84 75 213 20 69 121 210 18 76 5 99
+45 mins. 45 21 11 77 39 105 80 224 22 59 64 145 16 73 7 96
Total Volume 250 75 51 376 191 363 287 841 77 226 341 644 78 287 31 396
% App. Total
PHF
66.5 19.9
.791 .815
13.6
.708 .783
22.7 43.2
.838 .864
34.1
.897 .939
12 35.1
.875 .819
53
.705 .767
19.7 72.5
.848 .944
7.8
.775 .952
A3
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Avenida Encinas Day Wednesday
E/W: Palomar Airport Road
PEDESTRIANS
Time
North Leg
Avenida Encinas
East Leg
Palomar Airport Road
South Leg
Avenida Encinas
West Leg
Palomar Airport Road TOTAL
7:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0
7:15 AM 0 0 2 0 2
7:30 AM 0 1 1 0 2
7:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0
8:00 AM 0 2 4 0 6
8:15 AM 0 3 0 0 3
8:30 AM 1 0 0 0 1
8:45 AM 1 1 0 0 2
9:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0
9:15 AM 0 0 2 0 2
9:30 AM 0 2 0 0 2
9:45 AM 0 1 0 0 1
10:00 AM 0 6 0 0 6
10:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0
10:30 AM 1 3 1 0 5
10:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0
11:00 AM 1 0 0 1 2
11:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0
11:30 AM 1 1 0 0 2
11:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0
12:00 PM 0 0 0 2 2
12:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0
12:30 PM 0 2 0 0 2
12:45 PM 0 0 2 0 2
1:00 PM 0 8 5 0 13
1:15 PM 0 1 1 0 2
1:30 PM 0 0 1 0 1
1:45 PM 0 6 3 0 9
2:00 PM 0 1 2 2 5
2:15 PM 0 2 0 0 2
2:30 PM 0 1 0 0 1
2:45 PM 0 1 1 0 2
3:00 PM 0 2 2 0 4
3:15 PM 0 3 3 0 6
3:30 PM 1 2 1 0 4
3:45 PM 0 1 0 0 1
4:00 PM 1 1 2 0 4
4:15 PM 0 0 2 0 2
4:30 PM 0 2 0 0 2
4:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0
5:00 PM 0 1 1 0 2
5:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0
5:30 PM 0 1 0 0 1
5:45 PM 0 0 2 0 2
6:00 PM 0 1 3 0 4
6:15 PM 0 0 1 0 1
6:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0
6:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL VOLUMES: 7 56 42 5 110
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A4
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Avenida Encinas Day: Wednesday
E/W: Palomar Airport Road
BICYCLES
Southbound
Avenida Encinas
Westbound
Palomar Airport Road
Northbound
Avenida Encinas
Eastbound
Palomar Airport Road
Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right
7:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2
1
5
5
2
0
2
0
2
2
2
0
2
5
2
2
2
3
2
0
1
6
0
3
2
4
2
3
1
2
4
0
1
1
2
1
2
6
1
2
6
2
3
2
0
2
0
7:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
7:30 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7:45 AM 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 2 1
8:00 AM 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 0
8:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0
8:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
9:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9:15 AM 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
9:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
9:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
10:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10:15 AM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
10:30 AM 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 1 1
10:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0
11:00 AM 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11:15 AM 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11:30 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
11:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
12:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
12:30 PM 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 1
12:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0
1:15 PM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
1:30 PM 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0
2:00 PM 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
2:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
2:30 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
2:45 PM 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1
3:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
3:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
3:45 PM 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
4:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
4:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
4:30 PM 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 2 0
4:45 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
5:15 PM 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 3 0
5:30 PM 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5:45 PM 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
6:00 PM 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
6:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
6:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL VOLUMES: 2 12 7 2 12 0 11 8 4 8 23 11 100
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A5
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 02_CAR_Ave E_Poin VEH
N/S: Avenida Encinas Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Poinsettia Lane Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 1
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Avenida Encinas Poinsettia Lane Avenida Encinas Poinsettia Lane
Southbound Westbound Northbound Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
07:00 AM 27 12 4 43 37 20 39 96 12 4 65 81 2 21 10 33 253
07:15 AM 42 11 8 61 56 15 44 115 3 13 54 70 2 30 2 34 280
07:30 AM 71 5 5 81 56 30 32 118 2 7 77 86 4 32 7 43 328
07:45 AM 64 8 4 76 89 42 64 195 5 17 91 113 8 52 15 75 459
Total 204 36 21 261 238 107 179 524 22 41 287 350 16 135 34 185 1320
08:00 AM
08:15 AM
08:30 AM
08:45 AM
54
42
55
43
10
16
31
24
14
8
15
7
78
66
101
74
87
78
78
94
51
54
47
36
79
70
75
54
217
202
200
184
5
5
4
10
14
20
16
13
107
66
72
92
126
91
92
115
8
6
11
6
52
35
44
43
10
13
30
9
70
54
85
58
491
413
478
431
Total 194 81 44 319 337 188 278 803 24 63 337 424 31 174 62 267 1813
09:00 AM
09:15 AM
09:30 AM
09:45 AM
39
29
32
27
7
21
12
11
7
5
10
8
53
55
54
46
85
88
71
90
29
36
32
31
56
48
47
45
170
172
150
166
7
10
13
11
8
18
21
15
66
70
99
95
81
98
133
121
8
1
2
1
37
19
30
30
18
13
13
9
63
33
45
40
367
358
382
373
Total 127 51 30 208 334 128 196 658 41 62 330 433 12 116 53 181 1480
10:00 AM
10:15 AM
10:30 AM
10:45 AM
36
38
42
44
18
15
9
20
6
4
12
8
60
57
63
72
110
92
96
92
36
28
44
38
63
39
51
51
209
159
191
181
9
7
10
13
9
21
15
12
75
86
123
108
93
114
148
133
0
11
3
6
23
38
32
36
13
16
14
21
36
65
49
63
398
395
451
449
Total 160 62 30 252 390 146 204 740 39 57 392 488 20 129 64 213 1693
11:00 AM
11:15 AM
11:30 AM
11:45 AM
52
30
35
39
20
25
26
25
8
10
9
6
80
65
70
70
108
113
126
127
36
51
40
41
34
38
62
50
178
202
228
218
15
7
16
18
11
19
18
21
90
92
118
111
116
118
152
150
6
3
7
3
37
25
37
43
12
13
15
21
55
41
59
67
429
426
509
505
Total 156 96 33 285 474 168 184 826 56 69 411 536 19 142 61 222 1869
12:00 PM
12:15 PM
12:30 PM
12:45 PM
37
39
29
30
27
23
25
24
6
7
7
6
70
69
61
60
123
112
82
130
34
39
34
31
45
37
30
61
202
188
146
222
11
17
20
20
17
20
19
28
125
145
120
118
153
182
159
166
7
7
2
7
33
32
27
51
24
12
17
19
64
51
46
77
489
490
412
525
Total 135 99 26 260 447 138 173 758 68 84 508 660 23 143 72 238 1916
01:00 PM
01:15 PM
01:30 PM
01:45 PM
35
49
34
43
31
20
14
13
8
5
5
6
74
74
53
62
110
111
108
120
31
31
37
34
32
39
30
53
173
181
175
207
26
14
12
17
20
21
16
18
129
112
119
131
175
147
147
166
3
6
4
11
30
29
42
41
13
20
19
19
46
55
65
71
468
457
440
506
Total 161 78 24 263 449 133 154 736 69 75 491 635 24 142 71 237 1871
02:00 PM
02:15 PM
02:30 PM
02:45 PM
42
56
71
51
23
17
20
24
3
13
18
10
68
86
109
85
86
98
124
128
37
51
44
48
45
70
86
125
168
219
254
301
16
15
16
16
10
17
14
28
115
136
129
105
141
168
159
149
5
9
9
7
39
55
45
28
11
18
12
17
55
82
66
52
432
555
588
587
Total 220 84 44 348 436 180 326 942 63 69 485 617 30 167 58 255 2162
03:00 PM
03:15 PM
03:30 PM
03:45 PM
51
45
51
47
24
24
23
25
10
5
10
13
85
74
84
85
103
119
85
121
44
76
50
65
67
60
79
76
214
255
214
262
16
15
11
16
21
17
30
28
112
123
104
110
149
155
145
154
5
4
7
11
44
38
44
41
16
12
13
21
65
54
64
73
513
538
507
574
Total 194 96 38 328 428 235 282 945 58 96 449 603 27 167 62 256 2132
04:00 PM 52 22 9 83 115 64 64 243 17 21 119 157 8 45 23 76
A6
559
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 02_CAR_Ave E_Poin VEH
N/S: Avenida Encinas Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Poinsettia Lane Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 2
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Avenida Encinas Poinsettia Lane Avenida Encinas Poinsettia Lane
Southbound Westbound Northbound Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
04:15 PM 42 29 12 83 121 68 78 267 17 27 122 166 16 42 16 74 590
04:30 PM 64 19 7 90 101 49 59 209 22 26 120 168 7 45 13 65 532
04:45 PM 43 18 11 72 103 59 78 240 12 26 105 143 21 41 10 72 527
Total 201 88 39 328 440 240 279 959 68 100 466 634 52 173 62 287 2208
05:00 PM
05:15 PM
05:30 PM
05:45 PM
66
54
54
42
28
25
32
18
18
9
6
9
112
88
92
69
101
115
117
109
61
77
68
56
66
82
76
79
228
274
261
244
17
18
12
19
24
28
27
21
102
117
125
121
143
163
164
161
7
16
15
9
56
56
43
32
12
25
20
21
75
97
78
62
558
622
595
536
Total 216 103 42 361 442 262 303 1007 66 100 465 631 47 187 78 312 2311
06:00 PM
06:15 PM
06:30 PM
06:45 PM
40
44
32
38
16
24
19
12
5
7
8
6
61
75
59
56
95
75
69
73
31
37
25
27
45
43
48
34
171
155
142
134
20
19
12
15
17
27
14
27
136
90
99
68
173
136
125
110
6
4
6
4
51
37
32
20
18
17
12
15
75
58
50
39
480
424
376
339
Total 154 71 26 251 312 120 170 602 66 85 393 544 20 140 62 222 1619
Grand Total 2122 945 397 3464 4727 2045 2728 9500 640 901 5014 6555 321 1815 739 2875 22394
Apprch % 61.3 27.3 11.5 49.8 21.5 28.7 9.8 13.7 76.5 11.2 63.1 25.7
Total % 9.5 4.2 1.8 15.5 21.1 9.1 12.2 42.4 2.9 4 22.4 29.3 1.4 8.1 3.3 12.8
Avenida Encinas
Southbound
Poinsettia Lane
Westbound
Avenida Encinas
Northbound
Poinsettia Lane
Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Entire Intersection Begins at 05:00 PM
% App. Total 59.8 28.5 11.6 43.9 26 30.1 10.5 15.8 73.7 15.1 59.9 25
PHF .818 .805 .583 .806 .944 .851 .924 .919 .868 .893 .930 .962 .734 .835 .780 .804 .929
05:00 PM 66 28 18 112 101 61 66 228 17 24 102 143 7 56 12 75 558
05:15 PM 54 25 9 88 115 77 82 274 18 28 117 163 16 56 25 97 622
05:30 PM 54 32 6 92 117 68 76 261 12 27 125 164 15 43 20 78 595
05:45 PM 42 18 9 69 109 56 79 244 19 21 121 161 9 32 21 62 536
Total Volume 216 103 42 361 442 262 303 1007 66 100 465 631 47 187 78 312 2311
A7
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 02_CAR_Ave E_Poin VEH
N/S: Avenida Encinas Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Poinsettia Lane Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 3
Avenida Encinas
Po
i
n
s
e
t
t
i
a
L
a
n
e
Po
i
n
s
e
t
t
i
a
L
a
n
e
Avenida Encinas
Right
42
Thru
103
Left
216
InOut Total
450 361 811
Rig
h
t
30
3
Th
r
u 26
2
Le
f
t
44
2
Ou
t
To
t
a
l
In
86
8
10
0
7
18
7
5
Left
66
Thru
100
Right
465
Out TotalIn
623 631 1254
Le
f
t
47
Th
r
u18
7
Rig
h
t
78
To
t
a
l
Ou
t
In
37
0
31
2
68
2
Peak Hour Begins at 05:00 PM
Total Volume
Peak Hour Data
North
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Each Approach Begins at:
02:15 PM 02:30 PM 12:15 PM 04:45 PM
+0 mins. 56 17 13 86 124 44 86 254 17 20 145 182 21 41 10 72
+15 mins. 71 20 18 109 128 48 125 301 20 19 120 159 7 56 12 75
+30 mins. 51 24 10 85 103 44 67 214 20 28 118 166 16 56 25 97
+45 mins. 51 24 10 85 119 76 60 255 26 20 129 175 15 43 20 78
Total Volume 229 85 51 365 474 212 338 1024 83 87 512 682 59 196 67 322
% App. Total
PHF
62.7 23.3
.806 .885
14
.708 .837
46.3 20.7
.926 .697
33
.676 .850
12.2 12.8
.798 .777
75.1
.883 .937
18.3 60.9
.702 .875
20.8
.670 .830
A8
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Avenida Encinas Day Wednesday
E/W: Poinsettia Lane
PEDESTRIANS
Time
North Leg
Avenida Encinas
East Leg
Poinsettia Lane
South Leg
Avenida Encinas
West Leg
Poinsettia Lane TOTAL
7:00 AM 3 0 2 1 6
7:15 AM 2 0 5 1 8
7:30 AM 3 0 3 2 8
7:45 AM 8 0 1 5 14
8:00 AM 8 4 1 3 16
8:15 AM 0 1 3 2 6
8:30 AM 4 2 2 0 8
8:45 AM 1 2 2 2 7
9:00 AM 2 2 3 0 7
9:15 AM 3 0 5 1 9
9:30 AM 2 2 2 4 10
9:45 AM 3 1 4 2 10
10:00 AM 1 2 1 1 5
10:15 AM 2 5 1 2 10
10:30 AM 4 0 9 3 16
10:45 AM 2 4 3 3 12
11:00 AM 0 1 4 0 5
11:15 AM 3 3 7 2 15
11:30 AM 1 1 7 0 9
11:45 AM 4 5 6 3 18
12:00 PM 6 6 4 0 16
12:15 PM 0 1 2 2 5
12:30 PM 3 1 4 1 9
12:45 PM 2 2 5 6 15
1:00 PM 4 6 3 1 14
1:15 PM 2 1 2 2 7
1:30 PM 5 0 2 0 7
1:45 PM 2 1 1 1 5
2:00 PM 4 2 1 1 8
2:15 PM 1 4 0 0 5
2:30 PM 1 0 1 0 2
2:45 PM 0 9 3 0 12
3:00 PM 1 3 5 3 12
3:15 PM 1 1 3 0 5
3:30 PM 0 5 0 2 7
3:45 PM 0 6 1 1 8
4:00 PM 5 6 3 0 14
4:15 PM 4 2 1 2 9
4:30 PM 2 4 3 0 9
4:45 PM 1 0 1 5 7
5:00 PM 6 5 2 1 14
5:15 PM 8 1 6 2 17
5:30 PM 4 5 9 1 19
5:45 PM 2 5 4 0 11
6:00 PM 2 6 9 2 19
6:15 PM 1 3 5 1 10
6:30 PM 1 2 4 0 7
6:45 PM 1 7 6 3 17
TOTAL VOLUMES: 125 129 161 74 489
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A9
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Avenida Encinas Day: Wednesday
E/W: Poinsettia Lane
BICYCLES
Southbound
Avenida Encinas
Westbound
Poinsettia Lane
Northbound
Avenida Encinas
Eastbound
Poinsettia Lane
Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right
7:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 2
6
11
6
7
4
2
8
4
14
6
5
10
6
18
9
6
5
8
3
10
6
10
4
3
7
12
5
3
8
10
9
7
11
11
9
8
4
14
13
7
10
5
1
4
2
1
16
7:15 AM 0 1 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
7:30 AM 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 5 0 3 0
7:45 AM 1 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 2 0
8:00 AM 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
8:15 AM 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
8:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
8:45 AM 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 1
9:00 AM 0 0 0 0 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
9:15 AM 0 0 0 0 5 2 2 0 3 0 1 1
9:30 AM 0 1 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 2 0
9:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 2 1
10:00 AM 0 3 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 6 0
10:15 AM 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 2 1 0
10:30 AM 0 0 1 1 8 0 1 1 1 0 2 3
10:45 AM 0 0 0 0 3 1 1 0 2 1 1 0
11:00 AM 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 2
11:15 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 2 1
11:30 AM 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
11:45 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
12:00 PM 0 0 0 1 6 0 1 0 0 0 2 0
12:15 PM 0 0 1 0 1 1 0 0 1 1 1 0
12:30 PM 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 3 0 0 4 1
12:45 PM 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1:00 PM 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
1:15 PM 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 4 0
1:30 PM 0 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 5 1
1:45 PM 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 3 0 0 0
2:00 PM 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
2:15 PM 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 1 0 0 2 1
2:30 PM 0 1 0 1 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 1
2:45 PM 0 0 0 1 4 1 0 1 0 0 1 1
3:00 PM 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 3 0
3:15 PM 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 0 1 0 3 3
3:30 PM 1 0 0 2 3 0 2 0 0 0 3 0
3:45 PM 2 1 0 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 2 0
4:00 PM 0 0 0 0 3 1 0 1 1 1 1 0
4:15 PM 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 1 0
4:30 PM 0 0 1 0 5 0 0 0 3 0 3 2
4:45 PM 1 0 0 2 7 0 0 0 0 0 3 0
5:00 PM 0 0 1 0 4 0 0 0 1 0 0 1
5:15 PM 3 0 0 1 3 0 0 1 1 0 1 0
5:30 PM 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 1 0
5:45 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:00 PM 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
6:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
6:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
6:45 PM 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 14 0
TOTAL VOLUMES: 11 13 18 9 108 14 12 14 30 9 92 20 350
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A10
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 03A_CAR_Carl SB_Ave E VEH
N/S: Carlsbad Boulevard (Southbound) Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Avenida Encinas Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 1
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Carlsbad Boulevard
Southbound
Avenida Encinas
Westbound
Carlsbad Boulevard
Northbound
Start Time Left Thru App. Total Left Right App. Total Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
07:00 AM
07:15 AM
07:30 AM
07:45 AM
0 57 57
0 65 65
3 107 110
5 147 152
18 0 18
27 0 27
22 0 22
21 0 21
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
75
92
132
173
Total 8 376 384 88 0 88 0 0 0 472
08:00 AM
08:15 AM
08:30 AM
08:45 AM
2
3
10
1
92
124
137
127
94
127
147
128
29
16
26
28
0
0
0
0
29
16
26
28
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
123
143
173
156
Total 16 480 496 99 0 99 0 0 0 595
09:00 AM
09:15 AM
09:30 AM
09:45 AM
3
2
1
2
81
61
84
76
84
63
85
78
25
24
29
27
0
0
0
0
25
24
29
27
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
109
87
114
105
Total 8 302 310 105 0 105 0 0 0 415
10:00 AM
10:15 AM
10:30 AM
10:45 AM
2
4
3
2
67
78
83
91
69
82
86
93
24
20
24
28
0
0
0
0
24
20
24
28
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
93
102
110
121
Total 11 319 330 96 0 96 0 0 0 426
11:00 AM
11:15 AM
11:30 AM
11:45 AM
7
8
4
2
107
90
106
84
114
98
110
86
27
36
24
36
0
0
0
0
27
36
24
36
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
141
134
134
122
Total 21 387 408 123 0 123 0 0 0 531
12:00 PM
12:15 PM
12:30 PM
12:45 PM
4
4
4
1
89
89
107
87
93
93
111
88
30
29
28
19
0
0
0
0
30
29
28
19
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
123
122
139
107
Total 13 372 385 106 0 106 0 0 0 491
01:00 PM
01:15 PM
01:30 PM
01:45 PM
4
5
5
2
98
95
108
95
102
100
113
97
33
16
28
16
0
0
0
0
33
16
28
16
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
135
116
141
113
Total 16 396 412 93 0 93 0 0 0 505
02:00 PM
02:15 PM
02:30 PM
02:45 PM
2
6
4
6
106
94
90
94
108
100
94
100
24
28
20
17
0
0
0
0
24
28
20
17
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
132
128
114
117
Total 18 384 402 89 0 89 0 0 0 491
03:00 PM
03:15 PM
03:30 PM
03:45 PM
4
5
3
5
104
106
117
124
108
111
120
129
36
34
24
21
0
0
0
0
36
34
24
21
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
144
145
144
150
Total 17 451 468 115 0 115 0 0 0 583
04:00 PM 4 98 102 26 0 26 0 0 0 128
A11
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 03A_CAR_Carl SB_Ave E VEH
N/S: Carlsbad Boulevard (Southbound) Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Avenida Encinas Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 2
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Carlsbad Boulevard
Southbound
Avenida Encinas
Westbound
Carlsbad Boulevard
Northbound
Start Time Left Thru App. Total Left Right App. Total Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
04:15 PM
04:30 PM
04:45 PM
3 111 114
3 104 107
3 96 99
32 0 32
28 0 28
35 0 35
0 0 0
0 0 0
0 0 0
146
135
134
Total 13 409 422 121 0 121 0 0 0 543
05:00 PM
05:15 PM
05:30 PM
05:45 PM
3
4
4
4
101
115
116
70
104
119
120
74
37
30
34
26
0
0
0
0
37
30
34
26
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
141
149
154
100
Total 15 402 417 127 0 127 0 0 0 544
06:00 PM
06:15 PM
06:30 PM
06:45 PM
2
1
4
2
73
70
56
35
75
71
60
37
20
25
19
13
0
0
0
0
20
25
19
13
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
95
96
79
50
Total 9 234 243 77 0 77 0 0 0 320
Grand Total 165 4512 4677 1239 0 1239 0 0 0 5916
Apprch % 3.5 96.5 100 0 0 0
Total % 2.8 76.3 79.1 20.9 0 20.9 0 0 0
Carlsbad Boulevard
Southbound
Avenida Encinas
Westbound
Carlsbad Boulevard
Northbound
Start Time Left Thru App. Total Left Right App. Total Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Entire Intersection Begins at 07:45 AM
% App. Total 3.8 96.2 100 0 0 0
PHF .500 .850 .855 .793 .000 .793 .000 .000 .000 .884
07:45 AM 5 147 152 21 0 21 0 0 0 173
08:00 AM 2 92 94 29 0 29 0 0 0 123
08:15 AM 3 124 127 16 0 16 0 0 0 143
08:30 AM 10 137 147 26 0 26 0 0 0 173
Total Volume 20 500 520 92 0 92 0 0 0 612
A12
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 03A_CAR_Carl SB_Ave E VEH
N/S: Carlsbad Boulevard (Southbound) Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Avenida Encinas Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 3
Carlsbad Boulevard
Av
e
n
i
d
a
E
n
c
i
n
a
s
Carlsbad Boulevard
Thru
500
Left
20
InOut Total
0 520 520
Rig
h
t
0
Le
f
t
92
Ou
t
To
t
a
l
In
20
92
11
2
Thru
0
Right
0
Out TotalIn
592 0 592
Peak Hour Begins at 07:45 AM
Total Volume
Peak Hour Data
North
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Each Approach Begins at:
07:45 AM 04:45 PM 07:00 AM
+0 mins. 5 147 152 35 0 35 0 0 0
+15 mins. 37 0 372 92 94 0 0 0
+30 mins. 3 124 127 30 0 30 0 0 0
+45 mins. 10 137 147 34 0 34 0 0 0
Total Volume 20 500 520 136 0 136 0 0 0
% App. Total 3.8 96.2 100 0 0 0
PHF .500 .850 .855 .919 .000 .919 .000 .000 .000
A13
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Carlsbad Blvd SB Day Wednesday
E/W: Avenida Encinas
PEDESTRIANS
Time
North Leg
Carlsbad Blvd SB
East Leg
Avenida Encinas
South Leg
Carlsbad Blvd SB
West Leg
Avenida Encinas TOTAL
7:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0
7:15 AM 2 0 0 0 2
7:30 AM 2 0 0 0 2
7:45 AM 2 1 0 0 3
8:00 AM 2 0 0 0 2
8:15 AM 3 0 0 0 3
8:30 AM 2 0 0 0 2
8:45 AM 1 1 0 0 2
9:00 AM 2 0 0 0 2
9:15 AM 5 0 0 0 5
9:30 AM 8 0 0 0 8
9:45 AM 4 1 0 0 5
10:00 AM 1 0 0 0 1
10:15 AM 1 0 0 0 1
10:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0
10:45 AM 3 0 0 0 3
11:00 AM 5 1 0 0 6
11:15 AM 5 0 0 0 5
11:30 AM 2 0 0 0 2
11:45 AM 2 0 0 0 2
12:00 PM 2 0 0 0 2
12:15 PM 1 0 0 0 1
12:30 PM 3 0 0 0 3
12:45 PM 5 2 0 0 7
1:00 PM 3 0 0 0 3
1:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0
1:30 PM 3 0 0 0 3
1:45 PM 1 0 0 0 1
2:00 PM 4 0 0 0 4
2:15 PM 2 0 0 0 2
2:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0
2:45 PM 2 0 0 0 2
3:00 PM 1 0 0 0 1
3:15 PM 1 0 0 0 1
3:30 PM 3 0 0 0 3
3:45 PM 3 0 0 0 3
4:00 PM 5 0 0 0 5
4:15 PM 1 0 0 0 1
4:30 PM 2 0 0 0 2
4:45 PM 1 0 0 0 1
5:00 PM 4 0 0 0 4
5:15 PM 1 0 0 0 1
5:30 PM 3 0 0 0 3
5:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0
6:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0
6:15 PM 1 0 0 0 1
6:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0
6:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL VOLUMES: 104 6 0 0 110
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A14
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Carlsbad Blvd SB Day: Wednesday
E/W: Avenida Encinas
BICYCLES
Southbound
Carlsbad Blvd SB
Westbound
Avenida Encinas
Northbound
Carlsbad Blvd SB
Eastbound
Avenida Encinas
Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right
7:00 AM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
4
3
4
7
6
7
5
5
23
13
19
15
22
34
30
23
12
28
6
8
16
16
9
7
12
4
5
13
16
6
15
5
10
17
8
17
8
6
6
2
8
6
3
0
0
0
0
7:15 AM 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7:30 AM 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7:45 AM 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8:00 AM 0 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8:15 AM 0 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8:30 AM 2 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8:45 AM 0 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9:00 AM 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9:15 AM 1 21 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9:30 AM 0 12 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9:45 AM 1 17 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10:00 AM 0 13 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
10:15 AM 1 15 0 1 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0
10:30 AM 4 30 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10:45 AM 6 17 0 5 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
11:00 AM 1 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11:15 AM 1 10 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
11:30 AM 2 24 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11:45 AM 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12:00 PM 0 7 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12:15 PM 4 10 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
12:30 PM 1 14 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12:45 PM 0 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1:00 PM 0 6 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1:15 PM 0 10 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1:30 PM 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1:45 PM 0 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2:00 PM 0 12 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2:15 PM 2 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2:30 PM 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2:45 PM 0 11 0 2 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:00 PM 0 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:15 PM 2 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:30 PM 0 12 0 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:45 PM 0 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4:00 PM 0 15 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
4:15 PM 0 7 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4:30 PM 0 5 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
4:45 PM 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
5:15 PM 2 5 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
5:30 PM 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5:45 PM 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL VOLUMES: 31 410 0 31 0 18 0 0 0 0 0 0 490
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A15
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 03B_CAR_Carl NB_Ave E VEH
N/S: Carlsbad Boulevard (Northbound) Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Avenida Encinas Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 1
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Carlsbad Boulevard Avenida Encinas Carlsbad Boulevard Avenida Encinas
Southbound Westbound Northbound Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
07:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 20 0 20 0 27 9 36 0 0 0 0 56
07:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0 27 2 29 0 31 11 42 0 0 0 0 71
07:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 22 3 25 0 40 16 56 0 3 0 3 84
07:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 21 3 24 1 46 19 66 0 5 0 5 95
Total 0 0 0 0 0 90 8 98 1 144 55 200 0 8 0 8 306
08:00 AM
08:15 AM
08:30 AM
08:45 AM
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
29
16
26
29
3
2
1
5
32
18
27
34
0
0
0
0
36
61
54
53
18
18
17
32
54
79
71
85
0
0
3
0
2
3
5
1
0
0
0
0
2
3
8
1
88
100
106
120
Total 0 0 0 0 0 100 11 111 0 204 85 289 3 11 0 14 414
09:00 AM
09:15 AM
09:30 AM
09:45 AM
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
24
24
29
27
2
1
1
2
26
25
30
29
0
0
0
0
52
51
53
39
26
25
13
31
78
76
66
70
0
0
1
0
3
2
0
2
0
0
0
0
3
2
1
2
107
103
97
101
Total 0 0 0 0 0 104 6 110 0 195 95 290 1 7 0 8 408
10:00 AM
10:15 AM
10:30 AM
10:45 AM
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
25
19
24
29
0
3
0
1
25
22
24
30
0
0
0
0
41
47
64
51
20
32
27
24
61
79
91
75
0
0
1
0
2
4
2
2
0
0
0
0
2
4
3
2
88
105
118
107
Total 0 0 0 0 0 97 4 101 0 203 103 306 1 10 0 11 418
11:00 AM
11:15 AM
11:30 AM
11:45 AM
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
27
34
24
35
2
3
3
2
29
37
27
37
0
1
0
0
81
72
92
84
25
40
28
30
106
113
120
114
2
2
0
0
6
6
6
1
0
0
0
0
8
8
6
1
143
158
153
152
Total 0 0 0 0 0 120 10 130 1 329 123 453 4 19 0 23 606
12:00 PM
12:15 PM
12:30 PM
12:45 PM
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
30
28
28
19
2
2
0
3
32
31
28
22
0
0
0
0
90
87
94
81
32
32
22
29
122
119
116
110
1
0
2
0
3
4
2
1
0
0
0
0
4
4
4
1
158
154
148
133
Total 0 0 0 0 1 105 7 113 0 352 115 467 3 10 0 13 593
01:00 PM
01:15 PM
01:30 PM
01:45 PM
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
33
16
27
16
2
3
2
4
36
19
29
20
0
0
0
0
91
105
95
88
44
29
25
30
135
134
120
118
1
1
3
2
3
4
2
0
0
0
0
0
4
5
5
2
175
158
154
140
Total 0 0 0 0 1 92 11 104 0 379 128 507 7 9 0 16 627
02:00 PM
02:15 PM
02:30 PM
02:45 PM
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
24
26
20
17
2
2
2
1
26
28
22
18
0
1
0
0
101
105
136
116
41
30
39
32
142
136
175
148
1
0
1
2
2
6
3
4
0
0
0
0
3
6
4
6
171
170
201
172
Total 0 0 0 0 0 87 7 94 1 458 142 601 4 15 0 19 714
03:00 PM
03:15 PM
03:30 PM
03:45 PM
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
37
31
25
21
5
1
5
6
42
32
30
27
0
0
0
0
122
134
122
147
31
34
34
36
153
168
156
183
0
2
0
0
4
4
3
5
0
0
0
0
4
6
3
5
199
206
189
215
Total 0 0 0 0 0 114 17 131 0 525 135 660 2 16 0 18 809
04:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 26 4 30 0 138 48 186 0 4 0 4
A16
220
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 03B_CAR_Carl NB_Ave E VEH
N/S: Carlsbad Boulevard (Northbound) Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Avenida Encinas Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 2
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Carlsbad Boulevard Avenida Encinas Carlsbad Boulevard Avenida Encinas
Southbound Westbound Northbound Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
04:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 33 3 36 0 153 40 193 0 3 0 3 232
04:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 29 0 29 0 141 43 184 1 2 0 3 216
04:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 35 5 40 0 149 41 190 0 2 0 2 232
Total 0 0 0 0 0 123 12 135 0 581 172 753 1 11 0 12 900
05:00 PM
05:15 PM
05:30 PM
05:45 PM
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
37
30
34
25
3
2
4
2
40
32
38
27
0
0
1
0
170
105
164
157
45
53
37
46
215
158
202
203
1
1
2
3
3
3
2
1
0
0
0
0
4
4
4
4
259
194
244
234
Total 0 0 0 0 0 126 11 137 1 596 181 778 7 9 0 16 931
06:00 PM
06:15 PM
06:30 PM
06:45 PM
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
21
25
19
12
2
1
0
0
23
26
19
12
0
0
0
1
103
96
54
53
20
20
24
23
123
116
78
77
0
0
2
2
2
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
4
2
148
143
101
91
Total 0 0 0 0 0 77 3 80 1 306 87 394 4 5 0 9 483
Grand Total 0 0 0 0 2 1235 107 1344 5 4272 1421 5698 37 130 0 167 7209
Apprch % 0 0 0 0.1 91.9 8 0.1 75 24.9 22.2 77.8 0
Total % 0 0 0 0 0 17.1 1.5 18.6 0.1 59.3 19.7 79 0.5 1.8 0 2.3
Carlsbad Boulevard
Southbound
Avenida Encinas
Westbound
Carlsbad Boulevard
Northbound
Avenida Encinas
Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Entire Intersection Begins at 04:15 PM
% App. Total 0 0 0 0 92.4 7.6 0 78.4 21.6 16.7 83.3 0
PHF .000 .000 .000 .000 .000 .905 .550 .906 .000 .901 .939 .909 .500 .833 .000 .750 .906
04:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 33 3 36 0 153 40 193 0 3 0 3 232
04:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 29 0 29 0 141 43 184 1 2 0 3 216
04:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 35 5 40 0 149 41 190 0 2 0 2 232
05:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 37 3 40 0 170 45 215 1 3 0 4 259
Total Volume 0 0 0 0 0 134 11 145 0 613 169 782 2 10 0 12 939
A17
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 03B_CAR_Carl NB_Ave E VEH
N/S: Carlsbad Boulevard (Northbound) Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Avenida Encinas Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 3
Carlsbad Boulevard
Av
e
n
i
d
a
E
n
c
i
n
a
s
Av
e
n
i
d
a
E
n
c
i
n
a
s
Carlsbad Boulevard
Right
0
Thru
0
Left
0
InOut Total
626 0 626
Rig
h
t
11
Th
r
u 13
4
Le
f
t
0
Ou
t
To
t
a
l
In
17
9
14
5
32
4
Left
0
Thru
613
Right
169
Out TotalIn
0 782 782
Le
f
t
2
Th
r
u
10
Rig
h
t
0
To
t
a
l
Ou
t
In
13
4
12
14
6
Peak Hour Begins at 04:15 PM
Total Volume
Peak Hour Data
North
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Each Approach Begins at:
07:00 AM 04:45 PM 04:15 PM 10:45 AM
+0 mins. 0 0 0 0 0 35 5 40 0 153 40 193 0 2 0 2
+15 mins. 0 0 0 0 0 37 3 40 0 141 43 184 2 6 0 8
+30 mins. 0 0 0 0 0 30 2 32 0 149 41 190 2 6 0 8
+45 mins. 0 0 0 0 0 34 4 38 0 170 45 215 0 6 0 6
Total Volume 0 0 0 0 0 136 14 150 0 613 169 782 4 20 0 24
% App. Total
PHF
0 0
.000 .000
0
.000 .000
0 90.7
.000 .919
9.3
.700 .938
0 78.4
.000 .901
21.6
.939 .909
16.7 83.3
.500 .833
0
.000 .750
A18
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Carlsbad Blvd NB Day Wednesday
E/W: Avenida Encinas
PEDESTRIANS
Time
North Leg
Carlsbad Blvd NB
East Leg
Avenida Encinas
South Leg
Carlsbad Blvd NB
West Leg
Avenida Encinas TOTAL
7:00 AM 0 1 1 0 2
7:15 AM 2 0 0 0 2
7:30 AM 2 0 2 0 4
7:45 AM 1 0 3 0 4
8:00 AM 2 0 1 0 3
8:15 AM 3 0 1 0 4
8:30 AM 2 0 2 0 4
8:45 AM 0 0 5 0 5
9:00 AM 1 0 2 0 3
9:15 AM 5 0 6 0 11
9:30 AM 10 0 3 0 13
9:45 AM 1 0 2 1 4
10:00 AM 1 0 0 0 1
10:15 AM 1 0 0 2 3
10:30 AM 0 0 1 0 1
10:45 AM 1 0 4 0 5
11:00 AM 4 0 3 1 8
11:15 AM 6 0 1 0 7
11:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0
11:45 AM 2 0 0 0 2
12:00 PM 2 0 0 0 2
12:15 PM 2 0 3 0 5
12:30 PM 3 0 0 0 3
12:45 PM 7 0 4 2 13
1:00 PM 3 0 0 0 3
1:15 PM 1 0 2 0 3
1:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0
1:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0
2:00 PM 0 0 4 0 4
2:15 PM 2 0 2 0 4
2:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0
2:45 PM 0 0 2 0 2
3:00 PM 1 0 8 0 9
3:15 PM 1 0 3 0 4
3:30 PM 3 0 1 0 4
3:45 PM 3 0 5 0 8
4:00 PM 4 0 0 0 4
4:15 PM 3 0 6 0 9
4:30 PM 2 0 0 0 2
4:45 PM 1 0 1 0 2
5:00 PM 4 2 1 0 7
5:15 PM 1 0 1 0 2
5:30 PM 3 0 0 0 3
5:45 PM 0 0 1 0 1
6:00 PM 0 0 1 0 1
6:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0
6:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0
6:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL VOLUMES: 90 3 82 6 181
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A19
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Carlsbad Blvd NB Day: Wednesday
E/W: Avenida Encinas
BICYCLES
Southbound
Carlsbad Blvd NB
Westbound
Avenida Encinas
Northbound
Carlsbad Blvd NB
Eastbound
Avenida Encinas
Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right
7:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 3
3
11
14
7
4
10
15
11
54
18
14
29
16
18
32
10
12
18
21
12
13
11
5
9
12
7
6
4
16
8
10
7
14
21
8
7
4
6
10
3
7
7
0
2
1
0
1
7:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0
7:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 8 1 0 0 0
7:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 1 0 0 0
8:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6 1 0 0 0
8:15 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 0 0 0 0
8:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 7 0 1 1 0
8:45 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 14 0 0 0 0
9:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 7 2 0 0 0
9:15 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 52 0 1 0 0
9:30 AM 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 13 1 0 1 0
9:45 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 12 0 0 1 0
10:00 AM 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 22 0 0 1 0
10:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 2 1 0 0
10:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 11 2 0 2 0
10:45 AM 0 0 0 0 9 1 2 12 1 1 6 0
11:00 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 7 1 1 0 0
11:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 9 0 1 0 0
11:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 12 1 0 2 0
11:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 15 3 0 0 0
12:00 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 11 0 0 0 0
12:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12 0 1 0 0
12:30 PM 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 8 0 1 0 0
12:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 0 0
1:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9 0 0 0 0
1:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 7 2 0 0 0
1:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 0 0
1:45 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 2 0 0 0
2:00 PM 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 2 0 0 0 0
2:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13 0 0 3 0
2:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7 0 0 1 0
2:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 2 0 0 0
3:00 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 6 0 0 0 0
3:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 13 0 0 0 0
3:30 PM 0 0 0 0 4 0 2 10 4 0 1 0
3:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8 0 0 0 0
4:00 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 5 0 0 0 0
4:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 0
4:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 1 0
4:45 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 6 2 0 1 0
5:00 PM 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
5:15 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 1 0 2 0
5:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 1 0 2 0
5:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0
6:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
6:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
TOTAL VOLUMES: 0 0 0 0 36 19 10 401 32 8 25 0 531
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A20
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 04_CAR_Dory_Ave E VEH
N/S: Dory Lane/Meridian Way Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Avenida Encinas Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 1
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Dory Lane Avenida Encinas Meridian Way Avenida Encinas
Southbound Westbound Northbound Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
07:00 AM 2 0 1 3 0 9 0 9 5 0 2 7 0 4 0 4 23
07:15 AM 2 0 7 9 0 15 2 17 5 0 1 6 0 8 0 8 40
07:30 AM 7 0 3 10 0 18 0 18 5 0 1 6 1 10 0 11 45
07:45 AM 2 0 1 3 0 13 0 13 1 0 4 5 0 21 0 21 42
Total 13 0 12 25 0 55 2 57 16 0 8 24 1 43 0 44 150
08:00 AM
08:15 AM
08:30 AM
08:45 AM
1
2
0
2
0
0
0
0
5
1
0
1
6
3
0
3
0
0
0
0
15
9
23
23
2
1
0
0
17
10
23
23
5
2
3
2
0
0
0
1
2
0
1
1
7
2
4
4
1
1
0
0
12
17
20
24
0
0
0
0
13
18
20
24
43
33
47
54
Total 5 0 7 12 0 70 3 73 12 1 4 17 2 73 0 75 177
09:00 AM
09:15 AM
09:30 AM
09:45 AM
0
2
1
2
0
0
0
0
1
2
1
5
1
4
2
7
0
0
0
0
23
24
20
15
0
0
0
0
23
24
20
15
0
1
5
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
3
2
0
2
8
3
0
0
0
1
27
23
8
23
0
0
0
0
27
23
8
24
51
53
38
49
Total 5 0 9 14 0 82 0 82 7 0 6 13 1 81 0 82 191
10:00 AM
10:15 AM
10:30 AM
10:45 AM
0
3
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
1
2
2
4
3
2
0
0
0
0
15
11
21
18
2
2
0
0
17
13
21
18
2
2
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
1
2
4
1
3
0
1
0
0
19
24
25
20
0
0
0
0
19
25
25
20
40
46
50
43
Total 5 0 6 11 0 65 4 69 7 0 3 10 1 88 0 89 179
11:00 AM
11:15 AM
11:30 AM
11:45 AM
2
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
0
4
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
24
17
19
25
0
0
0
0
24
17
19
25
3
3
5
5
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
1
3
5
5
6
1
1
0
1
23
29
25
25
0
0
0
0
24
30
25
26
55
52
50
58
Total 4 0 2 6 0 85 0 85 16 0 3 19 3 102 0 105 215
12:00 PM
12:15 PM
12:30 PM
12:45 PM
1
4
1
3
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
1
2
5
3
4
0
0
1
0
22
20
20
17
3
1
1
0
25
21
22
17
3
1
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
4
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
28
26
20
24
0
0
0
0
29
27
20
25
60
54
46
47
Total 9 0 5 14 1 79 5 85 5 1 1 7 3 98 0 101 207
01:00 PM
01:15 PM
01:30 PM
01:45 PM
2
1
3
2
0
0
0
0
2
1
2
1
4
2
5
3
0
0
0
0
27
15
23
14
3
0
4
2
30
15
27
16
3
2
2
2
1
0
0
0
0
2
3
0
4
4
5
2
0
1
1
0
35
37
26
28
0
0
0
0
35
38
27
28
73
59
64
49
Total 8 0 6 14 0 79 9 88 9 1 5 15 2 126 0 128 245
02:00 PM
02:15 PM
02:30 PM
02:45 PM
4
2
1
3
0
0
0
0
4
1
0
0
8
3
1
3
0
0
0
0
17
21
11
16
3
1
3
1
20
22
14
17
1
1
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
3
1
1
4
4
0
0
0
3
33
27
37
28
0
0
0
0
33
27
37
31
62
53
56
55
Total 10 0 5 15 0 65 8 73 5 0 5 10 3 125 0 128 226
03:00 PM
03:15 PM
03:30 PM
03:45 PM
2
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
4
2
3
2
6
3
3
4
1
0
0
0
28
20
22
20
4
0
1
2
33
20
23
22
1
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
3
1
1
0
4
3
2
0
0
1
1
0
29
33
34
36
0
0
0
0
29
34
35
36
72
60
63
62
Total 5 0 11 16 1 90 7 98 4 0 5 9 2 132 0 134 257
04:00 PM 1 0 1 2 0 22 3 25 4 0 3 7 0 44 0 44
A21
78
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 04_CAR_Dory_Ave E VEH
N/S: Dory Lane/Meridian Way Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Avenida Encinas Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 2
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Dory Lane Avenida Encinas Meridian Way Avenida Encinas
Southbound Westbound Northbound Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
04:15 PM 3 0 3 6 0 25 3 28 2 0 1 3 0 39 0 39 76
04:30 PM 5 0 1 6 0 24 4 28 1 0 1 2 3 43 0 46 82
04:45 PM 3 0 2 5 0 34 1 35 2 0 2 4 2 39 0 41 85
Total 12 0 7 19 0 105 11 116 9 0 7 16 5 165 0 170 321
05:00 PM
05:15 PM
05:30 PM
05:45 PM
2
2
2
1
0
0
0
0
4
3
0
1
6
5
2
2
0
0
0
0
26
30
27
21
1
0
1
8
27
30
28
29
3
2
3
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
3
3
3
0
1
1
0
1
41
53
35
37
0
0
0
0
42
54
35
38
78
92
68
69
Total 7 0 8 15 0 104 10 114 8 0 1 9 3 166 0 169 307
06:00 PM
06:15 PM
06:30 PM
06:45 PM
3
1
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
0
0
3
3
2
0
0
0
0
0
18
21
17
11
4
3
1
0
22
24
18
11
2
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
3
0
0
0
5
1
1
1
0
2
0
0
25
21
24
22
0
0
0
0
25
23
24
22
55
51
45
34
Total 6 0 2 8 0 67 8 75 5 0 3 8 2 92 0 94 185
Grand Total 89 0 80 169 2 946 67 1015 103 3 51 157 28 1291 0 1319 2660
Apprch % 52.7 0 47.3 0.2 93.2 6.6 65.6 1.9 32.5 2.1 97.9 0
Total % 3.3 0 3 6.4 0.1 35.6 2.5 38.2 3.9 0.1 1.9 5.9 1.1 48.5 0 49.6
Dory Lane
Southbound
Avenida Encinas
Westbound
Meridian Way
Northbound
Avenida Encinas
Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Entire Intersection Begins at 04:30 PM
% App. Total 54.5 0 45.5 0 95 5 66.7 0 33.3 3.8 96.2 0
PHF .600 .000 .625 .917 .000 .838 .375 .857 .667 .000 .500 .750 .583 .830 .000 .847 .916
04:30 PM 5 0 1 6 0 24 4 28 1 0 1 2 3 43 0 46 82
04:45 PM 3 0 2 5 0 34 1 35 2 0 2 4 2 39 0 41 85
05:00 PM 2 0 4 6 0 26 1 27 3 0 0 3 1 41 0 42 78
05:15 PM 2 0 3 5 0 30 0 30 2 0 1 3 1 53 0 54 92
Total Volume 12 0 10 22 0 114 6 120 8 0 4 12 7 176 0 183 337
A22
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 04_CAR_Dory_Ave E VEH
N/S: Dory Lane/Meridian Way Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Avenida Encinas Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 3
Dory Lane
Av
e
n
i
d
a
E
n
c
i
n
a
s
Av
e
n
i
d
a
E
n
c
i
n
a
s
Meridian Way
Right
10
Thru
0
Left
12
InOut Total
13 22 35
Rig
h
t
6
Th
r
u 11
4
Le
f
t
0
Ou
t
To
t
a
l
In
19
2
12
0
31
2
Left
8
Thru
0
Right
4
Out TotalIn
0 12 12
Le
f
t
7
Th
r
u17
6
Rig
h
t
0
To
t
a
l
Ou
t
In
13
2
18
3
31
5
Peak Hour Begins at 04:30 PM
Total Volume
Peak Hour Data
North
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Each Approach Begins at:
07:15 AM 04:30 PM 07:00 AM 04:30 PM
+0 mins. 2 0 7 9 0 24 4 28 5 0 2 7 3 43 0 46
+15 mins. 7 0 3 10 0 34 1 35 5 0 1 6 2 39 0 41
+30 mins. 2 0 1 3 0 26 1 27 5 0 1 6 1 41 0 42
+45 mins. 1 0 5 6 0 30 0 30 1 0 4 5 1 53 0 54
Total Volume 12 0 16 28 0 114 6 120 16 0 8 24 7 176 0 183
% App. Total
PHF
42.9 0
.429 .000
57.1
.571 .700
0 95
.000 .838
5
.375 .857
66.7 0
.800 .000
33.3
.500 .857
3.8 96.2
.583 .830
0
.000 .847
A23
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Dory Lane/Meridian Way Day Wednesday
E/W: Avenida Encinas
PEDESTRIANS
Time
North Leg
Dory Lane
East Leg
Avenida Encinas
South Leg
Meridian Way
West Leg
Avenida Encinas TOTAL
7:00 AM 2 0 0 0 2
7:15 AM 7 0 0 0 7
7:30 AM 0 0 1 0 1
7:45 AM 1 0 2 0 3
8:00 AM 0 0 2 0 2
8:15 AM 3 0 0 0 3
8:30 AM 2 0 2 0 4
8:45 AM 0 0 2 0 2
9:00 AM 0 0 2 0 2
9:15 AM 2 0 0 0 2
9:30 AM 0 0 3 0 3
9:45 AM 5 1 2 0 8
10:00 AM 0 0 1 0 1
10:15 AM 3 0 1 0 4
10:30 AM 1 0 1 0 2
10:45 AM 2 0 3 0 5
11:00 AM 4 0 0 0 4
11:15 AM 2 0 0 0 2
11:30 AM 1 0 0 0 1
11:45 AM 2 0 1 0 3
12:00 PM 2 0 1 0 3
12:15 PM 1 0 1 0 2
12:30 PM 0 1 1 0 2
12:45 PM 5 0 1 0 6
1:00 PM 2 0 0 0 2
1:15 PM 1 1 0 0 2
1:30 PM 1 0 2 0 3
1:45 PM 3 0 2 0 5
2:00 PM 3 1 2 0 6
2:15 PM 1 0 0 0 1
2:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0
2:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0
3:00 PM 0 0 3 0 3
3:15 PM 1 0 5 0 6
3:30 PM 2 0 0 0 2
3:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0
4:00 PM 3 0 2 0 5
4:15 PM 3 0 3 0 6
4:30 PM 6 0 2 0 8
4:45 PM 4 0 4 0 8
5:00 PM 2 0 0 0 2
5:15 PM 1 0 1 0 2
5:30 PM 2 0 1 0 3
5:45 PM 4 0 1 0 5
6:00 PM 2 0 0 0 2
6:15 PM 2 0 0 0 2
6:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0
6:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL VOLUMES: 88 4 55 0 147
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A24
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Dory Lane/Meridian Way Day: Wednesday
E/W: Avenida Encinas
BICYCLES
Southbound
Dory Lane/Meridian Way
Westbound
Avenida Encinas
Northbound
Dory Lane/Meridian Way
Eastbound
Avenida Encinas
Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right
7:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2
0
1
0
1
1
0
4
3
4
5
4
6
4
12
2
2
2
3
0
6
1
0
3
3
1
3
2
0
3
0
0
1
6
2
2
2
1
1
2
5
3
0
1
0
0
0
7:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0
7:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
8:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8:15 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
8:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9:00 AM 1 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
9:15 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
9:30 AM 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1 0 1 0
9:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 3 0
10:00 AM 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
10:15 AM 0 0 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10:30 AM 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
10:45 AM 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 6 0
11:00 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
11:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0
11:30 AM 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
11:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0
12:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12:15 PM 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 0
12:30 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1:00 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
1:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0
1:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
1:45 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
2:00 PM 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2:30 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
2:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:15 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:30 PM 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 0
3:45 PM 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
4:00 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
4:15 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
4:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
4:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
5:00 PM 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5:15 PM 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 3 0
5:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2 0
5:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
6:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL VOLUMES: 1 0 8 1 31 2 4 0 3 3 50 1 104
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A25
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 05_CAR_Port_Ave E VEH
N/S: Portage Way/Marlin Lane Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Avenida Encinas Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 1
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Portage Way Avenida Encinas Marlin Lane Avenida Encinas
Southbound Westbound Northbound Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
07:00 AM 3 0 2 5 0 7 0 7 0 0 6 6 1 7 0 8 26
07:15 AM 10 0 5 15 0 11 6 17 1 0 2 3 2 8 0 10 45
07:30 AM 19 0 6 25 0 12 2 14 0 0 5 5 2 16 0 18 62
07:45 AM 26 0 7 33 0 6 2 8 0 0 5 5 7 20 0 27 73
Total 58 0 20 78 0 36 10 46 1 0 18 19 12 51 0 63 206
08:00 AM
08:15 AM
08:30 AM
08:45 AM
14
10
13
9
0
0
0
0
5
4
8
3
19
14
21
12
0
0
0
0
12
6
16
19
17
8
5
5
29
14
21
24
0
0
1
0
1
0
0
0
14
3
1
2
15
3
2
2
4
3
4
6
12
16
17
21
0
0
0
0
16
19
21
27
79
50
65
65
Total 46 0 20 66 0 53 35 88 1 1 20 22 17 66 0 83 259
09:00 AM
09:15 AM
09:30 AM
09:45 AM
11
7
6
7
0
0
0
0
2
5
2
1
13
12
8
8
0
0
1
0
21
16
19
11
10
7
0
9
31
23
20
20
0
3
0
2
0
0
0
0
1
4
2
2
1
7
2
4
2
6
1
2
26
19
10
27
0
0
0
0
28
25
11
29
73
67
41
61
Total 31 0 10 41 1 67 26 94 5 0 9 14 11 82 0 93 242
10:00 AM
10:15 AM
10:30 AM
10:45 AM
2
13
7
10
0
0
0
0
6
2
4
3
8
15
11
13
0
0
0
0
10
9
16
14
9
6
5
9
19
15
21
23
3
1
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
3
1
5
1
1
6
4
5
19
22
24
14
0
0
0
0
20
28
28
19
50
59
65
56
Total 32 0 15 47 0 49 29 78 7 0 3 10 16 79 0 95 230
11:00 AM
11:15 AM
11:30 AM
11:45 AM
7
2
5
9
0
0
0
0
4
0
3
1
11
2
8
10
0
0
0
0
20
15
14
24
4
5
3
10
24
20
17
34
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
2
1
3
1
2
2
4
1
3
25
26
25
24
0
0
0
0
27
30
26
27
63
55
52
73
Total 23 0 8 31 0 73 22 95 2 0 5 7 10 100 0 110 243
12:00 PM
12:15 PM
12:30 PM
12:45 PM
5
7
8
10
0
0
0
0
2
3
3
2
7
10
11
12
0
0
1
0
23
16
18
12
5
5
7
10
28
21
26
22
0
2
1
3
0
0
0
0
6
3
1
1
6
5
2
4
4
3
1
2
25
28
21
24
0
0
0
0
29
31
22
26
70
67
61
64
Total 30 0 10 40 1 69 27 97 6 0 11 17 10 98 0 108 262
01:00 PM
01:15 PM
01:30 PM
01:45 PM
7
7
8
5
0
0
0
0
7
1
3
3
14
8
11
8
0
0
0
0
22
15
23
13
9
8
10
7
31
23
33
20
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
1
1
2
3
2
1
2
5
3
8
4
4
35
31
27
26
0
0
0
0
38
39
31
30
85
71
77
63
Total 27 0 14 41 0 73 34 107 2 1 7 10 19 119 0 138 296
02:00 PM
02:15 PM
02:30 PM
02:45 PM
6
14
8
11
0
0
0
0
3
3
0
3
9
17
8
14
0
0
0
0
17
18
13
12
6
7
10
33
23
25
23
45
1
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
4
5
5
7
5
6
5
9
4
6
3
5
34
23
38
28
0
0
0
0
38
29
41
33
75
77
77
101
Total 39 0 9 48 0 60 56 116 4 0 21 25 18 123 0 141 330
03:00 PM
03:15 PM
03:30 PM
03:45 PM
3
13
7
13
0
0
0
0
6
4
0
5
9
17
7
18
0
0
0
2
26
16
18
18
7
14
5
8
33
30
23
28
1
1
3
1
0
0
0
0
1
4
3
3
2
5
6
4
5
5
1
5
31
30
34
33
0
0
0
0
36
35
35
38
80
87
71
88
Total 36 0 15 51 2 78 34 114 6 0 11 17 16 128 0 144 326
04:00 PM 6 0 1 7 1 22 4 27 0 1 2 3 8 38 0 46
A26
83
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 05_CAR_Port_Ave E VEH
N/S: Portage Way/Marlin Lane Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Avenida Encinas Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 2
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Portage Way Avenida Encinas Marlin Lane Avenida Encinas
Southbound Westbound Northbound Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
04:15 PM 8 0 2 10 0 25 11 36 2 1 3 6 6 39 0 45 97
04:30 PM 7 0 2 9 0 24 13 37 1 1 1 3 10 37 0 47 96
04:45 PM 9 0 3 12 0 28 10 38 5 0 2 7 6 40 0 46 103
Total 30 0 8 38 1 99 38 138 8 3 8 19 30 154 0 184 379
05:00 PM
05:15 PM
05:30 PM
05:45 PM
6
8
11
8
0
0
0
0
2
4
2
3
8
12
13
11
0
0
0
0
23
23
26
25
8
6
19
12
31
29
45
37
1
3
0
1
1
1
0
0
2
1
0
3
4
5
0
4
6
11
5
9
37
45
33
29
0
0
0
0
43
56
38
38
86
102
96
90
Total 33 0 11 44 0 97 45 142 5 2 6 13 31 144 0 175 374
06:00 PM
06:15 PM
06:30 PM
06:45 PM
7
13
9
2
0
0
0
0
1
4
1
1
8
17
10
3
0
0
1
0
21
19
17
10
4
5
11
13
25
24
29
23
1
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
2
0
0
4
4
0
1
4
2
4
7
5
28
17
20
17
0
0
0
0
30
21
27
22
67
62
67
52
Total 31 0 7 38 1 67 33 101 1 2 6 9 18 82 0 100 248
Grand Total 416 0 147 563 6 821 389 1216 48 9 125 182 208 1226 0 1434 3395
Apprch % 73.9 0 26.1 0.5 67.5 32 26.4 4.9 68.7 14.5 85.5 0
Total % 12.3 0 4.3 16.6 0.2 24.2 11.5 35.8 1.4 0.3 3.7 5.4 6.1 36.1 0 42.2
Portage Way
Southbound
Avenida Encinas
Westbound
Marlin Lane
Northbound
Avenida Encinas
Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Entire Intersection Begins at 04:30 PM
% App. Total 73.2 0 26.8 0 72.6 27.4 52.6 15.8 31.6 17.2 82.8 0
PHF .833 .000 .688 .854 .000 .875 .712 .888 .500 .750 .750 .679 .750 .883 .000 .857 .939
04:30 PM 7 0 2 9 0 24 13 37 1 1 1 3 10 37 0 47 96
04:45 PM 9 0 3 12 0 28 10 38 5 0 2 7 6 40 0 46 103
05:00 PM 6 0 2 8 0 23 8 31 1 1 2 4 6 37 0 43 86
05:15 PM 8 0 4 12 0 23 6 29 3 1 1 5 11 45 0 56 102
Total Volume 30 0 11 41 0 98 37 135 10 3 6 19 33 159 0 192 387
A27
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 05_CAR_Port_Ave E VEH
N/S: Portage Way/Marlin Lane Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Avenida Encinas Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 3
Portage Way
Av
e
n
i
d
a
E
n
c
i
n
a
s
Av
e
n
i
d
a
E
n
c
i
n
a
s
Marlin Lane
Right
11
Thru
0
Left
30
InOut Total
73 41 114
Rig
h
t
37
Th
r
u
98
Le
f
t
0
Ou
t
To
t
a
l
In
19
5
13
5
33
0
Left
10
Thru
3
Right
6
Out TotalIn
0 19 19
Le
f
t
33
Th
r
u15
9
Rig
h
t
0
To
t
a
l
Ou
t
In
11
9
19
2
31
1
Peak Hour Begins at 04:30 PM
Total Volume
Peak Hour Data
North
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Each Approach Begins at:
07:15 AM 04:45 PM 07:15 AM 04:30 PM
+0 mins. 10 0 5 15 0 28 10 38 1 0 2 3 10 37 0 47
+15 mins. 19 0 6 25 0 23 8 31 0 0 5 5 6 40 0 46
+30 mins. 26 0 7 33 0 23 6 29 0 0 5 5 6 37 0 43
+45 mins. 14 0 5 19 0 26 19 45 0 1 14 15 11 45 0 56
Total Volume 69 0 23 92 0 100 43 143 1 1 26 28 33 159 0 192
% App. Total
PHF
75 0
.663 .000
25
.821 .697
0 69.9
.000 .893
30.1
.566 .794
3.6 3.6
.250 .250
92.9
.464 .467
17.2 82.8
.750 .883
0
.000 .857
A28
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Portage Way/Marlin Lane Day Wednesday
E/W: Avenida Encinas
PEDESTRIANS
Time
North Leg
Portage Way
East Leg
Avenida Encinas
South Leg
Marlin Lane
West Leg
Avenida Encinas TOTAL
7:00 AM 1 0 1 0 2
7:15 AM 1 0 0 2 3
7:30 AM 0 0 2 2 4
7:45 AM 2 0 3 1 6
8:00 AM 0 0 1 0 1
8:15 AM 3 0 2 0 5
8:30 AM 1 0 0 1 2
8:45 AM 1 0 4 4 9
9:00 AM 5 0 0 5 10
9:15 AM 2 0 0 0 2
9:30 AM 1 0 3 1 5
9:45 AM 3 1 4 1 9
10:00 AM 0 0 2 0 2
10:15 AM 2 0 1 1 4
10:30 AM 0 0 2 2 4
10:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0
11:00 AM 4 0 1 3 8
11:15 AM 2 0 0 0 2
11:30 AM 0 0 0 2 2
11:45 AM 1 2 2 3 8
12:00 PM 2 0 1 0 3
12:15 PM 0 0 2 2 4
12:30 PM 4 0 0 1 5
12:45 PM 0 0 1 1 2
1:00 PM 2 1 0 1 4
1:15 PM 0 0 1 2 3
1:30 PM 1 0 0 0 1
1:45 PM 2 0 3 0 5
2:00 PM 1 0 2 0 3
2:15 PM 0 0 0 1 1
2:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0
2:45 PM 0 0 1 5 6
3:00 PM 0 0 2 0 2
3:15 PM 0 0 2 0 2
3:30 PM 1 0 0 0 1
3:45 PM 0 0 1 0 1
4:00 PM 1 0 1 4 6
4:15 PM 0 0 2 10 12
4:30 PM 6 0 1 6 13
4:45 PM 3 0 4 1 8
5:00 PM 1 2 0 2 5
5:15 PM 0 0 1 2 3
5:30 PM 4 0 1 0 5
5:45 PM 4 0 1 0 5
6:00 PM 1 1 0 1 3
6:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0
6:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0
6:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL VOLUMES: 62 7 55 67 191
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A29
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Portage Way/Marlin Lane Day: Wednesday
E/W: Avenida Encinas
BICYCLES
Southbound
Portage Way/Marlin Lane
Westbound
Avenida Encinas
Northbound
Portage Way/Marlin Lane
Eastbound
Avenida Encinas
Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right
7:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
4
5
1
2
1
1
0
4
2
4
3
4
1
4
12
2
2
1
3
1
9
1
2
4
4
1
3
2
0
5
1
2
1
6
1
1
2
0
5
1
4
2
0
1
2
0
0
7:15 AM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 0
7:30 AM 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
8:00 AM 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
8:15 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
8:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9:00 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 2 0
9:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 0
9:30 AM 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
9:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0
10:00 AM 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
10:15 AM 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10:30 AM 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
10:45 AM 0 0 0 0 3 0 3 0 0 5 1 0
11:00 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
11:15 AM 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
11:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
11:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
12:00 PM 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12:15 PM 2 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 4 0
12:30 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
1:00 PM 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
1:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 3 0
1:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
1:45 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0
2:00 PM 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2:30 PM 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 0 0 0 1 0
2:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:00 PM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
3:15 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:30 PM 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 0
3:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
4:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
4:15 PM 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0
4:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4:45 PM 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 1 0
5:00 PM 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2 1 0
5:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0
5:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
6:15 PM 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL VOLUMES: 10 3 9 0 22 10 4 2 3 13 39 3 118
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A30
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 06_CAR_Ave E_San C VEH
N/S: Avenida Encinas Site Code : 23222185
E/W: San Carlos Street Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 1
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Avenida Encinas Poinsettia Village Driveway Avenida Encinas San Carlos Street
Southbound Westbound Northbound Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
07:00 AM 28 32 1 61 0 0 41 41 0 36 3 39 0 0 0 0 141
07:15 AM 35 33 0 68 0 0 19 19 0 51 0 51 0 0 0 0 138
07:30 AM 38 30 0 68 0 0 21 21 0 66 1 67 0 0 0 0 156
07:45 AM 53 60 0 113 0 0 29 29 0 85 0 85 0 0 0 0 227
Total 154 155 1 310 0 0 110 110 0 238 4 242 0 0 0 0 662
08:00 AM
08:15 AM
08:30 AM
08:45 AM
42
48
75
61
58
64
58
64
0
1
4
0
100
113
137
125
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
27
22
31
35
27
22
31
35
0
0
0
0
95
68
58
81
1
2
3
1
96
70
61
82
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
223
205
229
242
Total 226 244 5 475 0 0 115 115 0 302 7 309 0 0 0 0 899
09:00 AM
09:15 AM
09:30 AM
09:45 AM
53
60
46
43
58
60
50
66
1
2
1
0
112
122
97
109
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
29
35
43
37
29
35
44
37
0
0
0
0
46
61
85
83
1
6
0
4
47
67
85
87
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
189
224
226
233
Total 202 234 4 440 1 0 144 145 0 275 11 286 0 0 1 1 872
10:00 AM
10:15 AM
10:30 AM
10:45 AM
50
76
51
66
80
59
68
71
2
1
1
2
132
136
120
139
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
28
33
46
37
28
33
46
37
0
0
0
0
62
80
96
98
2
2
1
6
64
82
97
104
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
0
1
1
1
0
1
225
252
263
281
Total 243 278 6 527 0 0 144 144 0 336 11 347 0 0 3 3 1021
11:00 AM
11:15 AM
11:30 AM
11:45 AM
68
71
90
95
72
76
80
76
1
1
2
2
141
148
172
173
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
37
49
50
53
37
49
50
53
0
0
0
0
80
64
102
97
5
4
2
5
85
68
104
102
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
264
265
326
328
Total 324 304 6 634 0 0 189 189 0 343 16 359 0 0 1 1 1183
12:00 PM
12:15 PM
12:30 PM
12:45 PM
100
78
72
90
65
69
48
79
5
0
2
2
170
147
122
171
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
52
65
61
62
52
65
62
62
0
0
0
0
106
111
93
103
4
6
1
4
110
117
94
107
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
332
329
278
340
Total 340 261 9 610 1 0 240 241 0 413 15 428 0 0 0 0 1279
01:00 PM
01:15 PM
01:30 PM
01:45 PM
81
72
63
66
76
68
83
85
1
1
2
1
158
141
148
152
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
66
52
53
59
66
52
53
59
0
0
0
0
108
92
99
95
2
1
6
3
110
93
105
98
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
334
286
306
309
Total 282 312 5 599 0 0 230 230 0 394 12 406 0 0 0 0 1235
02:00 PM
02:15 PM
02:30 PM
02:45 PM
68
66
54
70
57
68
94
98
1
0
4
2
126
134
152
170
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
49
54
52
44
49
54
52
44
0
0
0
0
93
119
100
102
1
1
5
5
94
120
105
107
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
269
308
309
321
Total 258 317 7 582 0 0 199 199 0 414 12 426 0 0 0 0 1207
03:00 PM
03:15 PM
03:30 PM
03:45 PM
71
82
55
66
64
77
67
96
2
0
1
2
137
159
123
164
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
58
47
52
38
58
47
52
38
0
0
0
0
93
99
92
122
2
2
6
4
95
101
98
126
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
290
307
273
328
Total 274 304 5 583 0 0 195 195 0 406 14 420 0 0 0 0 1198
04:00 PM 85 73 5 163 0 0 46 46 0 107 3 110 0 0 2 2
A31
321
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 06_CAR_Ave E_San C VEH
N/S: Avenida Encinas Site Code : 23222185
E/W: San Carlos Street Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 2
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Avenida Encinas Poinsettia Village Driveway Avenida Encinas San Carlos Street
Southbound Westbound Northbound Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
04:15 PM 75 87 0 162 0 0 51 51 0 120 3 123 0 0 0 0 336
04:30 PM 57 74 1 132 0 0 55 55 0 106 2 108 0 0 0 0 295
04:45 PM 65 66 0 131 0 0 46 46 0 98 2 100 0 0 0 0 277
Total 282 300 6 588 0 0 198 198 0 431 10 441 0 0 2 2 1229
05:00 PM
05:15 PM
05:30 PM
05:45 PM
67
86
81
57
74
73
85
79
1
3
2
1
142
162
168
137
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
50
54
64
54
50
54
64
54
0
0
0
0
98
101
103
104
1
4
4
2
99
105
107
106
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
291
321
339
297
Total 291 311 7 609 0 0 222 222 0 406 11 417 0 0 0 0 1248
06:00 PM
06:15 PM
06:30 PM
06:45 PM
63
62
47
51
76
51
52
49
1
1
0
0
140
114
99
100
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
58
41
53
41
58
41
53
41
0
0
0
0
122
91
72
67
2
1
3
2
124
92
75
69
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
322
247
227
210
Total 223 228 2 453 0 0 193 193 0 352 8 360 0 0 0 0 1006
Grand Total 3099 3248 63 6410 2 0 2179 2181 0 4310 131 4441 0 0 7 7 13039
Apprch % 48.3 50.7 1 0.1 0 99.9 0 97.1 2.9 0 0 100
Total % 23.8 24.9 0.5 49.2 0 0 16.7 16.7 0 33.1 1 34.1 0 0 0.1 0.1
Avenida Encinas
Southbound
Poinsettia Village Driveway
Westbound
Avenida Encinas
Northbound
San Carlos Street
Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Entire Intersection Begins at 11:30 AM
% App. Total 54.8 43.8 1.4 0 0 100 0 96.1 3.9 0 0 0
PHF .908 .906 .450 .957 .000 .000 .846 .846 .000 .937 .708 .925 .000 .000 .000 .000 .990
11:30 AM 90 80 2 172 0 0 50 50 0 102 2 104 0 0 0 0 326
11:45 AM 95 76 2 173 0 0 53 53 0 97 5 102 0 0 0 0 328
12:00 PM 100 65 5 170 0 0 52 52 0 106 4 110 0 0 0 0 332
12:15 PM 78 69 0 147 0 0 65 65 0 111 6 117 0 0 0 0 329
Total Volume 363 290 9 662 0 0 220 220 0 416 17 433 0 0 0 0 1315
A32
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 06_CAR_Ave E_San C VEH
N/S: Avenida Encinas Site Code : 23222185
E/W: San Carlos Street Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 3
Avenida Encinas
Sa
n
C
a
r
l
o
s
S
t
r
e
e
t
Po
i
n
s
e
t
t
i
a
V
i
l
l
a
g
e
D
r
i
v
e
w
a
y
Avenida Encinas
Right
9
Thru
290
Left
363
InOut Total
636 662 1298
Rig
h
t
22
0
Th
r
u
0
Le
f
t
0
Ou
t
To
t
a
l
In
38
0
22
0
60
0
Left
0
Thru
416
Right
17
Out TotalIn
290 433 723
Le
f
t
0
Th
r
u
0
Rig
h
t
0
To
t
a
l
Ou
t
In
9
0
9
Peak Hour Begins at 11:30 AM
Total Volume
Peak Hour Data
North
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Each Approach Begins at:
11:15 AM 12:15 PM 03:45 PM 10:00 AM
+0 mins. 71 76 1 148 0 0 65 65 0 122 4 126 0 0 1 1
+15 mins. 90 80 2 172 1 0 61 62 0 107 3 110 0 0 1 1
+30 mins. 95 76 2 173 0 0 62 62 0 120 3 123 0 0 0 0
+45 mins. 100 65 5 170 0 0 66 66 0 106 2 108 0 0 1 1
Total Volume 356 297 10 663 1 0 254 255 0 455 12 467 0 0 3 3
% App. Total
PHF
53.7 44.8
.890 .928
1.5
.500 .958
0.4 0
.250 .000
99.6
.962 .966
0 97.4
.000 .932
2.6
.750 .927
0 0
.000 .000
100
.750 .750
A33
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Avenida Encinas Day Wednesday
E/W: San Carlos Street
PEDESTRIANS
Time
North Leg
Avenida Encinas
East Leg
San Carlos Street
South Leg
Avenida Encinas
West Leg
Poinsettia Village Driveway TOTAL
7:00 AM 0 1 0 2 3
7:15 AM 0 1 0 1 2
7:30 AM 0 0 0 2 2
7:45 AM 0 2 0 4 6
8:00 AM 0 2 1 4 7
8:15 AM 0 2 2 1 5
8:30 AM 0 0 0 2 2
8:45 AM 0 3 1 2 6
9:00 AM 0 1 0 0 1
9:15 AM 0 2 0 2 4
9:30 AM 0 2 0 7 9
9:45 AM 0 0 0 3 3
10:00 AM 0 0 1 6 7
10:15 AM 0 0 1 5 6
10:30 AM 0 0 0 6 6
10:45 AM 0 0 1 4 5
11:00 AM 0 0 0 5 5
11:15 AM 0 0 0 2 2
11:30 AM 0 1 0 5 6
11:45 AM 0 0 0 1 1
12:00 PM 0 1 0 0 1
12:15 PM 0 1 0 2 3
12:30 PM 0 0 1 1 2
12:45 PM 0 1 0 2 3
1:00 PM 0 0 0 4 4
1:15 PM 0 0 0 3 3
1:30 PM 0 1 1 1 3
1:45 PM 0 1 0 0 1
2:00 PM 0 0 0 1 1
2:15 PM 0 0 0 3 3
2:30 PM 0 0 1 1 2
2:45 PM 2 2 1 1 6
3:00 PM 0 0 0 2 2
3:15 PM 0 0 0 1 1
3:30 PM 0 0 2 5 7
3:45 PM 0 0 1 2 3
4:00 PM 0 0 1 4 5
4:15 PM 0 0 0 3 3
4:30 PM 0 0 1 0 1
4:45 PM 3 0 0 1 4
5:00 PM 0 2 1 1 4
5:15 PM 1 0 0 2 3
5:30 PM 0 2 0 0 2
5:45 PM 0 0 0 1 1
6:00 PM 0 1 0 2 3
6:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0
6:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0
6:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL VOLUMES: 6 29 17 107 159
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A34
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Avenida Encinas Day: Wednesday
E/W: San Carlos Street
BICYCLES
Southbound
Avenida Encinas
Westbound
San Carlos Street
Northbound
Avenida Encinas
Eastbound
Poinsettia Village Driveway
Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right
7:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
1
6
1
1
1
0
2
4
5
2
3
2
3
7
2
2
2
1
2
1
1
3
2
1
2
3
3
1
3
5
5
2
5
4
3
1
2
2
1
3
2
1
0
2
0
0
0
7:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
7:30 AM 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0
7:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
8:00 AM 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8:15 AM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8:45 AM 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
9:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 1 0 0 0 1
9:15 AM 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0
9:30 AM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
9:45 AM 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
10:00 AM 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10:15 AM 1 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
10:30 AM 0 4 0 0 0 1 0 2 0 0 0 0
10:45 AM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
11:00 AM 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11:15 AM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
11:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
11:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
12:00 PM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
12:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0
12:45 PM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
1:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
1:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0
1:30 PM 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0
2:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
2:15 PM 0 1 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
2:30 PM 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2:45 PM 1 3 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:00 PM 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:15 PM 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0
3:30 PM 0 2 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:45 PM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0
4:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
4:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
4:30 PM 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
5:00 PM 1 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
5:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0
5:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
5:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:00 PM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
6:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL VOLUMES: 17 29 0 0 0 18 0 41 0 0 0 1 106
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A35
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 07_CAR_Ave E_Embar VEH
N/S: Avenida Encinas Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Embarcadero Lane Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 1
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Avenida Encinas
Southbound
Volvo Cars Carlsbad
Driveway
Westbound
Avenida Encinas
Northbound
Embarcadero Lane
Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
07:00 AM 0 22 1 23 0 0 0 0 5 21 0 26 0 0 3 3 52
07:15 AM 0 23 0 23 0 0 0 0 3 38 0 41 0 0 7 7 71
07:30 AM 2 22 2 26 0 0 0 0 2 35 0 37 2 0 16 18 81
07:45 AM 0 33 0 33 0 0 0 0 4 54 0 58 1 0 22 23 114
Total 2 100 3 105 0 0 0 0 14 148 0 162 3 0 48 51 318
08:00 AM
08:15 AM
08:30 AM
08:45 AM
1
0
0
0
38
52
85
34
1
16
25
0
40
68
110
34
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
17
26
8
47
41
60
52
0
0
0
0
56
58
86
60
1
0
3
5
0
0
0
0
8
7
11
9
9
7
14
14
105
133
210
108
Total 1 209 42 252 0 0 0 0 60 200 0 260 9 0 35 44 556
09:00 AM
09:15 AM
09:30 AM
09:45 AM
0
1
2
1
30
30
31
23
0
1
1
1
30
32
34
25
0
1
2
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
2
3
1
2
4
3
46
50
41
61
2
1
1
1
49
53
46
65
2
3
2
0
0
0
0
0
2
4
4
10
4
7
6
10
83
93
88
103
Total 4 114 3 121 5 0 1 6 10 198 5 213 7 0 20 27 367
10:00 AM
10:15 AM
10:30 AM
10:45 AM
0
0
0
1
33
31
33
31
0
0
0
0
33
31
33
32
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
5
2
3
6
33
44
41
40
0
0
0
0
38
46
44
46
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
8
3
6
5
9
3
6
6
81
80
83
84
Total 1 128 0 129 1 0 0 1 16 158 0 174 2 0 22 24 328
11:00 AM
11:15 AM
11:30 AM
11:45 AM
1
0
1
1
33
39
40
44
1
2
0
2
35
41
41
47
2
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
2
0
3
2
2
1
5
2
8
5
44
42
46
49
1
0
2
1
50
44
56
55
1
2
2
4
0
0
0
0
9
1
6
5
10
3
8
9
98
90
107
112
Total 3 156 5 164 4 0 4 8 20 181 4 205 9 0 21 30 407
12:00 PM
12:15 PM
12:30 PM
12:45 PM
0
0
0
1
38
41
33
39
0
1
1
1
38
42
34
41
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
5
2
4
5
52
31
44
54
0
1
0
0
57
34
48
59
5
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
7
7
6
11
7
7
6
106
84
89
107
Total 1 151 3 155 0 0 2 2 16 181 1 198 5 0 26 31 386
01:00 PM
01:15 PM
01:30 PM
01:45 PM
2
3
0
2
50
56
35
34
3
0
0
1
55
59
35
37
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
2
1
0
2
2
3
7
2
10
41
43
32
46
0
1
1
1
44
51
35
57
0
2
1
1
0
0
0
0
5
8
6
5
5
10
7
6
105
120
79
102
Total 7 175 4 186 1 0 4 5 22 162 3 187 4 0 24 28 406
02:00 PM
02:15 PM
02:30 PM
02:45 PM
0
1
1
0
38
58
69
49
1
12
21
5
39
71
91
54
3
0
1
0
0
1
0
0
1
0
1
1
4
1
2
1
3
21
29
12
30
50
45
73
1
0
0
0
34
71
74
85
4
1
5
1
0
0
0
0
9
9
13
6
13
10
18
7
90
153
185
147
Total 2 214 39 255 4 1 3 8 65 198 1 264 11 0 37 48 575
03:00 PM
03:15 PM
03:30 PM
03:45 PM
0
0
0
2
46
31
53
67
3
1
1
1
49
32
54
70
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
1
0
2
2
1
6
6
8
7
64
47
74
87
2
1
1
0
72
54
83
94
0
4
2
2
0
0
0
0
7
10
4
14
7
14
6
16
128
102
145
181
Total 2 197 6 205 1 0 4 5 27 272 4 303 8 0 35 43 556
A36
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 07_CAR_Ave E_Embar VEH
N/S: Avenida Encinas Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Embarcadero Lane Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 2
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Avenida Encinas
Southbound
Volvo Cars Carlsbad
Driveway
Westbound
Avenida Encinas
Northbound
Embarcadero Lane
Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
04:00 PM 1 54 1 56 1 0 3 4 7 70 0 77 0 0 6 6 143
04:15 PM 1 58 0 59 0 0 0 0 6 70 0 76 1 0 8 9 144
04:30 PM 0 68 3 71 1 0 1 2 6 62 0 68 4 0 5 9 150
04:45 PM 0 49 1 50 0 0 0 0 10 107 0 117 0 0 2 2 169
Total 2 229 5 236 2 0 4 6 29 309 0 338 5 0 21 26 606
05:00 PM
05:15 PM
05:30 PM
05:45 PM
2
0
0
1
63
68
66
41
0
1
0
1
65
69
66
43
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
2
1
1
0
4
1
1
0
4
6
5
10
86
91
86
67
2
1
0
0
92
98
91
77
2
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
14
9
5
9
16
9
7
10
177
177
165
130
Total 3 238 2 243 2 0 4 6 25 330 3 358 5 0 37 42 649
06:00 PM
06:15 PM
06:30 PM
06:45 PM
0
0
0
0
42
40
51
29
1
0
2
0
43
40
53
29
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
1
0
1
2
5
5
6
43
36
37
22
0
0
0
0
45
41
42
28
1
2
2
3
0
0
0
0
7
8
2
6
8
10
4
9
96
92
99
67
Total 0 162 3 165 1 0 1 2 18 138 0 156 8 0 23 31 354
Grand Total 28 2073 115 2216 21 1 27 49 322 2475 21 2818 76 0 349 425 5508
Apprch % 1.3 93.5 5.2 42.9 2 55.1 11.4 87.8 0.7 17.9 0 82.1
Total % 0.5 37.6 2.1 40.2 0.4 0 0.5 0.9 5.8 44.9 0.4 51.2 1.4 0 6.3 7.7
Avenida Encinas
Southbound
Volvo Cars Carlsbad
Driveway
Westbound
Avenida Encinas
Northbound
Embarcadero Lane
Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Entire Intersection Begins at 04:45 PM
% App. Total 0.8 98.4 0.8 33.3 0 66.7 6.3 93 0.8 11.8 0 88.2
PHF .250 .904 .500 .906 .250 .000 .500 .375 .625 .864 .375 .850 .500 .000 .536 .531 .972
04:45 PM 0 49 1 50 0 0 0 0 10 107 0 117 0 0 2 2 169
05:00 PM 2 63 0 65 2 0 2 4 4 86 2 92 2 0 14 16 177
05:15 PM 0 68 1 69 0 0 1 1 6 91 1 98 0 0 9 9 177
05:30 PM 0 66 0 66 0 0 1 1 5 86 0 91 2 0 5 7 165
Total Volume 2 246 2 250 2 0 4 6 25 370 3 398 4 0 30 34 688
A37
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 07_CAR_Ave E_Embar VEH
N/S: Avenida Encinas Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Embarcadero Lane Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 3
Avenida Encinas
Em
b
a
r
c
a
d
e
r
o
L
a
n
e
Vo
l
v
o
C
a
r
s
C
a
r
l
s
b
a
d
D
r
i
v
e
w
a
y
Avenida Encinas
Right
2
Thru
246
Left
2
InOut Total
378 250 628
Rig
h
t
4
Th
r
u
0
Le
f
t
2
Ou
t
To
t
a
l
In
5
6
11
Left
25
Thru
370
Right
3
Out TotalIn
278 398 676
Le
f
t
4
Th
r
u
0
Rig
h
t
30
To
t
a
l
Ou
t
In
27
34
61
Peak Hour Begins at 04:45 PM
Total Volume
Peak Hour Data
North
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Each Approach Begins at:
02:15 PM 01:30 PM 04:45 PM 07:15 AM
+0 mins. 1 58 12 71 1 0 1 2 10 107 0 117 0 0 7 7
+15 mins. 1 69 21 91 0 0 2 2 4 86 2 92 2 0 16 18
+30 mins. 0 49 5 54 3 0 1 4 6 91 1 98 1 0 22 23
+45 mins. 0 46 3 49 0 1 0 1 5 86 0 91 1 0 8 9
Total Volume 2 222 41 265 4 1 4 9 25 370 3 398 4 0 53 57
% App. Total
PHF
0.8 83.8
.500 .804
15.5
.488 .728
44.4 11.1
.333 .250
44.4
.500 .563
6.3 93
.625 .864
0.8
.375 .850
7 0
.500 .000
93
.602 .620
A38
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Avenida Encinas Day Wednesday
E/W: Embarcadero Lane
PEDESTRIANS
Time
North Leg
Portage Way
East Leg
Embarcadero Lane
South Leg
Marlin Lane
West Leg
Volvo Cars Driveway TOTAL
7:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0
7:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0
7:30 AM 0 0 0 3 3
7:45 AM 0 0 0 3 3
8:00 AM 0 0 0 1 1
8:15 AM 0 1 0 0 1
8:30 AM 0 0 0 2 2
8:45 AM 0 1 0 2 3
9:00 AM 0 1 0 0 1
9:15 AM 0 0 0 2 2
9:30 AM 0 0 1 0 1
9:45 AM 0 1 0 2 3
10:00 AM 0 0 0 1 1
10:15 AM 1 1 0 3 5
10:30 AM 0 0 1 1 2
10:45 AM 0 0 0 2 2
11:00 AM 0 0 1 1 2
11:15 AM 0 1 0 0 1
11:30 AM 0 1 0 0 1
11:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0
12:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0
12:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0
12:30 PM 0 2 1 2 5
12:45 PM 0 1 0 0 1
1:00 PM 0 0 0 3 3
1:15 PM 0 0 0 3 3
1:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0
1:45 PM 0 1 0 0 1
2:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0
2:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0
2:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0
2:45 PM 0 1 1 0 2
3:00 PM 0 0 0 1 1
3:15 PM 0 0 0 1 1
3:30 PM 0 0 1 2 3
3:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0
4:00 PM 0 1 0 2 3
4:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0
4:30 PM 0 0 2 0 2
4:45 PM 0 0 0 3 3
5:00 PM 0 1 0 2 3
5:15 PM 0 1 0 1 2
5:30 PM 0 1 0 0 1
5:45 PM 0 1 0 3 4
6:00 PM 0 1 0 1 2
6:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0
6:30 PM 0 0 0 2 2
6:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL VOLUMES: 1 18 8 49 76
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A39
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Avenida Encinas Day: Wednesday
E/W: Embarcadero Lane
BICYCLES
Southbound
Avenida Encinas
Westbound
Embarcadero Lane
Northbound
Avenida Encinas
Eastbound
Volvo Cars Driveway
Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right
7:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
1
1
2
1
1
0
3
0
1
1
0
3
0
2
1
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
3
0
3
3
1
1
1
0
2
1
1
0
1
1
2
1
1
1
4
0
1
1
0
0
0
7:15 AM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
7:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0
8:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
8:15 AM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 2
9:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
9:30 AM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10:00 AM 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1
10:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
11:00 AM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
11:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
12:30 PM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0
1:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1:15 PM 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1:30 PM 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
2:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
2:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
2:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2:45 PM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
3:00 PM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
3:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
4:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
4:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0
4:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
4:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
5:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
5:15 PM 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 2
5:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5:45 PM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
6:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL VOLUMES: 0 18 0 0 0 0 3 20 0 0 0 10 51
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A40
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 08_CAR_Coast_Ave E VEH
N/S: Coaster Driveway Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Avenida Encinas Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 1
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Avenida Encinas
Westbound
Coaster Driveway
Northbound
Avenida Encinas
Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru App. Total Left Right App. Total Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
07:00 AM
07:15 AM
07:30 AM
07:45 AM
3 15 18
14 24 38
10 34 44
4 49 53
3 0 3
0 6 6
7 2 9
3 4 7
28 3 31
27 7 34
25 8 33
40 3 43
52
78
86
103
Total 31 122 153 13 12 25 120 21 141 319
08:00 AM
08:15 AM
08:30 AM
08:45 AM
7
8
15
9
48
47
77
55
55
55
92
64
3
0
9
3
2
3
4
3
5
3
13
6
55
58
90
31
5
3
5
6
60
61
95
37
120
119
200
107
Total 39 227 266 15 12 27 234 19 253 546
09:00 AM
09:15 AM
09:30 AM
09:45 AM
9
7
7
9
40
49
38
57
49
56
45
66
1
4
4
1
3
5
6
1
4
9
10
2
32
35
25
31
9
3
5
3
41
38
30
34
94
103
85
102
Total 32 184 216 10 15 25 123 20 143 384
10:00 AM
10:15 AM
10:30 AM
10:45 AM
0
2
3
1
32
39
42
49
32
41
45
50
5
3
1
3
2
2
0
1
7
5
1
4
40
22
36
38
7
4
2
5
47
26
38
43
86
72
84
97
Total 6 162 168 12 5 17 136 18 154 339
11:00 AM
11:15 AM
11:30 AM
11:45 AM
0
5
4
7
49
42
44
46
49
47
48
53
2
2
2
5
1
5
2
5
3
7
4
10
36
36
41
36
3
3
6
3
39
39
47
39
91
93
99
102
Total 16 181 197 11 13 24 149 15 164 385
12:00 PM
12:15 PM
12:30 PM
12:45 PM
4
2
3
7
52
35
38
49
56
37
41
56
6
4
3
7
3
5
5
3
9
9
8
10
38
34
36
42
3
3
6
6
41
37
42
48
106
83
91
114
Total 16 174 190 20 16 36 150 18 168 394
01:00 PM
01:15 PM
01:30 PM
01:45 PM
1
4
2
5
48
46
40
48
49
50
42
53
4
4
6
3
2
6
2
5
6
10
8
8
56
53
39
39
0
3
3
2
56
56
42
41
111
116
92
102
Total 12 182 194 17 15 32 187 8 195 421
02:00 PM
02:15 PM
02:30 PM
02:45 PM
5
9
5
8
32
47
79
81
37
56
84
89
3
5
3
3
3
8
3
5
6
13
6
8
43
77
59
38
3
7
9
3
46
84
68
41
89
153
158
138
Total 27 239 266 14 19 33 217 22 239 538
03:00 PM
03:15 PM
03:30 PM
03:45 PM
3
3
1
5
60
65
84
85
63
68
85
90
2
2
5
8
7
3
4
5
9
5
9
13
44
35
56
65
3
1
0
8
47
36
56
73
119
109
150
176
Total 12 294 306 17 19 36 200 12 212 554
04:00 PM 3 80 83 5 7 12 54 4 58 153
A41
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 08_CAR_Coast_Ave E VEH
N/S: Coaster Driveway Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Avenida Encinas Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 2
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Avenida Encinas
Westbound
Coaster Driveway
Northbound
Avenida Encinas
Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru App. Total Left Right App. Total Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
04:15 PM
04:30 PM
04:45 PM
2 75 77
3 71 74
5 108 113
4 3 7
16 19 35
5 3 8
56 3 59
53 5 58
54 3 57
143
167
178
Total 13 334 347 30 32 62 217 15 232 641
05:00 PM
05:15 PM
05:30 PM
05:45 PM
4
9
4
4
95
83
85
73
99
92
89
77
9
13
5
3
10
14
5
6
19
27
10
9
57
55
61
37
3
8
4
4
60
63
65
41
178
182
164
127
Total 21 336 357 30 35 65 210 19 229 651
06:00 PM
06:15 PM
06:30 PM
06:45 PM
3
2
2
2
51
43
41
27
54
45
43
29
4
13
9
1
5
9
16
2
9
22
25
3
40
39
36
32
1
9
1
1
41
48
37
33
104
115
105
65
Total 9 162 171 27 32 59 147 12 159 389
Grand Total 234 2597 2831 216 225 441 2090 199 2289 5561
Apprch % 8.3 91.7 49 51 91.3 8.7
Total % 4.2 46.7 50.9 3.9 4 7.9 37.6 3.6 41.2
Avenida Encinas
Westbound
Coaster Driveway
Northbound
Avenida Encinas
Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru App. Total Left Right App. Total Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Entire Intersection Begins at 04:30 PM
% App. Total 5.6 94.4 48.3 51.7 92 8
PHF .583 .826 .836 .672 .605 .636 .961 .594 .944 .968
04:30 PM 3 71 74 16 19 35 53 5 58 167
04:45 PM 5 108 113 5 3 8 54 3 57 178
05:00 PM 4 95 99 9 10 19 57 3 60 178
05:15 PM 9 83 92 13 14 27 55 8 63 182
Total Volume 21 357 378 43 46 89 219 19 238 705
A42
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 08_CAR_Coast_Ave E VEH
N/S: Coaster Driveway Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Avenida Encinas Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 3
Av
e
n
i
d
a
E
n
c
i
n
a
s
Av
e
n
i
d
a
E
n
c
i
n
a
s
Coaster Driveway
Th
r
u 35
7
Le
f
t
21
Ou
t
To
t
a
l
In
26
5
37
8
64
3
Left
43
Right
46
Out TotalIn
40 89 129
Th
r
u21
9
Rig
h
t
19
To
t
a
l
Ou
t
In
40
0
23
8
63
8
Peak Hour Begins at 04:30 PM
Total Volume
Peak Hour Data
North
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Each Approach Begins at:
04:45 PM 04:30 PM 07:45 AM
+0 mins. 5 108 113 16 19 35 40 3 43
+15 mins. 4 95 99 5 3 8 55 5 60
+30 mins. 9 83 92 9 10 19 58 3 61
+45 mins. 90 5 95
Total Volume
4 85 89 13 14 27
22 371 393 43 46 89 243 16 259
% App. Total 5.6 94.4 48.3 51.7 93.8 6.2
PHF .611 .859 .869 .672 .605 .636 .675 .800 .682
A43
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Coaster Driveway Day Wednesday
E/W: Avenida Encinas
PEDESTRIANS
Time
North Leg
Dead End
East Leg
Avenida Encinas
South Leg
Coaster Driveway
West Leg
Volvo Cars Driveway TOTAL
7:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0
7:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0
7:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0
7:45 AM 0 1 0 0 1
8:00 AM 1 0 3 0 4
8:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0
8:30 AM 1 3 3 4 11
8:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0
9:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0
9:15 AM 0 0 2 0 2
9:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0
9:45 AM 1 0 2 0 3
10:00 AM 0 0 1 0 1
10:15 AM 0 0 1 0 1
10:30 AM 0 1 1 2 4
10:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0
11:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0
11:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0
11:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0
11:45 AM 0 0 1 0 1
12:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0
12:15 PM 0 0 1 0 1
12:30 PM 0 0 4 0 4
12:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0
1:00 PM 0 0 2 0 2
1:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0
1:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0
1:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0
2:00 PM 0 0 1 0 1
2:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0
2:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0
2:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0
3:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0
3:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0
3:30 PM 0 0 2 0 2
3:45 PM 0 0 1 0 1
4:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0
4:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0
4:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0
4:45 PM 0 0 2 0 2
5:00 PM 0 0 2 0 2
5:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0
5:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0
5:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0
6:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0
6:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0
6:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0
6:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL VOLUMES: 3 5 29 6 43
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A44
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Coaster Driveway Day: Wednesday
E/W: Avenida Encinas
BICYCLES
Southbound
Coaster Driveway
Westbound
Avenida Encinas
Northbound
Coaster Driveway
Eastbound
Volvo Cars Driveway
Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right
7:00 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
1
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
1
0
0
3
2
2
1
3
0
1
0
0
1
3
4
0
4
3
1
1
1
0
2
0
0
0
2
1
3
1
2
0
2
0
1
1
1
0
0
7:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
7:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
7:45 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8:00 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
8:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
8:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
9:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0
10:15 AM 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10:30 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
10:45 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 2
11:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11:30 AM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12:15 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 1 1
12:45 PM 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
1:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 0
1:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0
1:45 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2:00 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2:15 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2:45 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
3:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
4:00 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4:15 PM 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
4:30 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4:45 PM 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1
5:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0
6:00 PM 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
6:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL VOLUMES: 0 0 0 1 22 0 3 0 3 0 16 8 53
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A45
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 09_CAR_Ave E_Shop DW VEH
N/S: Avenida Encinas Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Shopping Center Driveway Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 1
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Avenida Encinas
Southbound
Shopping Plaza Driveway
Westbound
Avenida Encinas
Northbound
Lakeshore Gardens MHP
Driveway
Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
07:00 AM 20 9 3 32 0 0 16 16 0 12 5 17 10 0 0 10 75
07:15 AM 14 19 0 33 2 1 27 30 0 21 2 23 4 1 2 7 93
07:30 AM 15 10 4 29 1 1 17 19 0 40 0 40 10 1 2 13 101
07:45 AM 27 26 7 60 0 0 28 28 1 55 1 57 3 2 1 6 151
Total 76 64 14 154 3 2 88 93 1 128 8 137 27 4 5 36 420
08:00 AM
08:15 AM
08:30 AM
08:45 AM
25
30
21
26
30
29
22
40
3
4
8
3
58
63
51
69
3
1
2
0
1
1
4
3
32
33
24
37
36
35
30
40
0
0
1
0
53
28
29
37
3
3
1
1
56
31
31
38
13
5
8
9
3
0
2
4
3
1
3
8
19
6
13
21
169
135
125
168
Total 102 121 18 241 6 9 126 141 1 147 8 156 35 9 15 59 597
09:00 AM
09:15 AM
09:30 AM
09:45 AM
25
25
18
20
27
29
31
36
9
6
1
9
61
60
50
65
5
4
5
0
1
1
2
3
18
30
42
29
24
35
49
32
3
2
2
0
24
26
32
45
5
2
4
2
32
30
38
47
5
13
10
12
4
2
1
2
6
3
2
3
15
18
13
17
132
143
150
161
Total 88 123 25 236 14 7 119 140 7 127 13 147 40 9 14 63 586
10:00 AM
10:15 AM
10:30 AM
10:45 AM
32
31
33
37
39
20
30
25
10
10
3
10
81
61
66
72
3
3
6
3
4
6
1
2
29
32
41
46
36
41
48
51
7
2
1
0
26
38
39
51
3
3
3
3
36
43
43
54
9
13
15
7
3
2
2
3
3
4
3
1
15
19
20
11
168
164
177
188
Total 133 114 33 280 15 13 148 176 10 154 12 176 44 10 11 65 697
11:00 AM
11:15 AM
11:30 AM
11:45 AM
31
34
43
34
36
34
29
33
3
9
9
10
70
77
81
77
4
6
2
11
2
2
3
7
38
35
57
61
44
43
62
79
5
2
2
1
37
24
34
38
4
2
4
6
46
28
40
45
8
8
15
5
2
0
7
2
5
1
2
4
15
9
24
11
175
157
207
212
Total 142 132 31 305 23 14 191 228 10 133 16 159 36 11 12 59 751
12:00 PM
12:15 PM
12:30 PM
12:45 PM
31
32
22
38
28
25
21
36
6
10
2
7
65
67
45
81
5
5
5
6
8
1
3
6
49
61
45
59
62
67
53
71
1
1
3
4
54
47
32
33
5
5
4
1
60
53
39
38
5
9
18
14
0
1
3
3
5
2
2
2
10
12
23
19
197
199
160
209
Total 123 110 25 258 21 18 214 253 9 166 15 190 46 7 11 64 765
01:00 PM
01:15 PM
01:30 PM
01:45 PM
33
28
38
37
37
31
38
40
9
8
7
7
79
67
83
84
5
8
2
5
0
5
3
2
58
56
59
45
63
69
64
52
5
2
2
0
43
29
35
44
2
4
4
5
50
35
41
49
12
7
13
8
6
1
4
2
3
0
3
3
21
8
20
13
213
179
208
198
Total 136 146 31 313 20 10 218 248 9 151 15 175 40 13 9 62 798
02:00 PM
02:15 PM
02:30 PM
02:45 PM
33
35
28
42
28
24
50
58
4
9
8
5
65
68
86
105
8
5
5
3
2
4
3
3
54
60
47
50
64
69
55
56
3
3
4
5
35
50
54
49
5
3
1
0
43
56
59
54
5
11
6
6
1
3
4
1
3
1
2
1
9
15
12
8
181
208
212
223
Total 138 160 26 324 21 12 211 244 15 188 9 212 28 9 7 44 824
03:00 PM
03:15 PM
03:30 PM
03:45 PM
20
31
31
42
29
42
28
36
11
7
8
4
60
80
67
82
6
9
5
6
4
4
6
3
55
52
45
52
65
65
56
61
4
3
3
2
33
41
44
63
5
1
3
3
42
45
50
68
7
8
8
11
5
3
1
3
2
1
3
3
14
12
12
17
181
202
185
228
Total 124 135 30 289 26 17 204 247 12 181 12 205 34 12 9 55 796
A46
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 09_CAR_Ave E_Shop DW VEH
N/S: Avenida Encinas Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Shopping Center Driveway Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 2
Groups Printed- Total Volume
Avenida Encinas
Southbound
Shopping Plaza Driveway
Westbound
Avenida Encinas
Northbound
Lakeshore Gardens MHP
Driveway
Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
04:00 PM 47 35 7 89 10 7 61 78 2 46 8 56 6 6 0 12 235
04:15 PM 36 41 10 87 11 7 64 82 3 49 7 59 8 1 3 12 240
04:30 PM 29 41 5 75 4 5 56 65 3 42 6 51 8 3 3 14 205
04:45 PM 26 34 7 67 7 4 45 56 5 44 3 52 10 3 2 15 190
Total 138 151 29 318 32 23 226 281 13 181 24 218 32 13 8 53 870
05:00 PM
05:15 PM
05:30 PM
05:45 PM
44
32
32
36
27
32
49
37
3
9
6
6
74
73
87
79
4
4
11
8
5
2
2
1
41
61
54
65
50
67
67
74
5
3
2
1
57
42
47
39
1
5
6
3
63
50
55
43
6
3
3
4
2
0
1
2
4
0
1
3
12
3
5
9
199
193
214
205
Total 144 145 24 313 27 10 221 258 11 185 15 211 16 5 8 29 811
06:00 PM
06:15 PM
06:30 PM
06:45 PM
40
22
26
21
30
23
26
24
4
4
5
4
74
49
57
49
6
8
5
6
1
2
1
2
61
57
41
46
68
67
47
54
0
0
1
3
59
30
34
22
5
6
6
0
64
36
41
25
4
3
0
1
0
2
2
2
2
0
0
0
6
5
2
3
212
157
147
131
Total 109 103 17 229 25 6 205 236 4 145 17 166 8 6 2 16 647
Grand Total 1453 1504 303 3260 233 141 2171 2545 102 1886 164 2152 386 108 111 605 8562
Apprch % 44.6 46.1 9.3 9.2 5.5 85.3 4.7 87.6 7.6 63.8 17.9 18.3
Total % 17 17.6 3.5 38.1 2.7 1.6 25.4 29.7 1.2 22 1.9 25.1 4.5 1.3 1.3 7.1
Avenida Encinas
Southbound
Shopping Plaza Driveway
Westbound
Avenida Encinas
Northbound
Lakeshore Gardens MHP
Driveway
Eastbound
Start Time Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Left Thru Right App. Total Int. Total
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Entire Intersection Begins at 03:45 PM
% App. Total 46.2 45.9 7.8 10.8 7.7 81.5 4.3 85.5 10.3 60 23.6 16.4
PHF .819 .933 .650 .935 .705 .786 .910 .872 .833 .794 .750 .860 .750 .542 .750 .809 .946
03:45 PM 42 36 4 82 6 3 52 61 2 63 3 68 11 3 3 17 228
04:00 PM 47 35 7 89 10 7 61 78 2 46 8 56 6 6 0 12 235
04:15 PM 36 41 10 87 11 7 64 82 3 49 7 59 8 1 3 12 240
04:30 PM 29 41 5 75 4 5 56 65 3 42 6 51 8 3 3 14 205
Total Volume 154 153 26 333 31 22 233 286 10 200 24 234 33 13 9 55 908
A47
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
(951)268-6268
City of Carlsbad File Name : 09_CAR_Ave E_Shop DW VEH
N/S: Avenida Encinas Site Code : 23222185
E/W: Shopping Center Driveway Start Date : 3/9/2022
Weather: Clear Page No : 3
Avenida Encinas
La
k
e
s
h
o
r
e
G
a
r
d
e
n
s
M
H
P
D
r
i
v
e
w
a
y
Sh
o
p
p
i
n
g
P
l
a
z
a
D
r
i
v
e
w
a
y
Avenida Encinas
Right
26
Thru
153
Left
154
InOut Total
466 333 799
Rig
h
t
23
3
Th
r
u
22
Le
f
t
31
Ou
t
To
t
a
l
In
19
1
28
6
47
7
Left
10
Thru
200
Right
24
Out TotalIn
193 234 427
Le
f
t
33
Th
r
u
13
Rig
h
t
9
To
t
a
l
Ou
t
In
58
55
11
3
Peak Hour Begins at 03:45 PM
Total Volume
Peak Hour Data
North
Peak Hour Analysis From 07:00 AM to 06:45 PM - Peak 1 of 1
Peak Hour for Each Approach Begins at:
03:45 PM 03:45 PM 03:45 PM 12:15 PM
+0 mins. 42 36 4 82 6 3 52 61 2 63 3 68 9 1 2 12
+15 mins. 47 35 7 89 10 7 61 78 2 46 8 56 18 3 2 23
+30 mins. 36 41 10 87 11 7 64 82 3 49 7 59 14 3 2 19
+45 mins. 29 41 5 75 4 5 56 65 3 42 6 51 12 6 3 21
Total Volume 154 153 26 333 31 22 233 286 10 200 24 234 53 13 9 75
% App. Total
PHF
46.2 45.9
.819 .933
7.8
.650 .935
10.8
.705
7.7 81.5
.786 .910 .872
4.3 85.5
.833 .794
10.3
.750 .860
70.7 17.3
.736 .542
12
.750 .815
A48
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Avenida Encinas Day Wednesday
E/W: Shopping Center DW
PEDESTRIANS
Time
North Leg
Avenida Encinas
East Leg
Lakeshore MHP DW
South Leg
Avenida Encinas
West Leg
Shopping Center DW TOTAL
7:00 AM 1 0 0 1 2
7:15 AM 1 1 2 1 5
7:30 AM 1 0 0 0 1
7:45 AM 0 2 2 5 9
8:00 AM 4 2 1 2 9
8:15 AM 1 0 0 0 1
8:30 AM 0 4 1 2 7
8:45 AM 0 3 0 3 6
9:00 AM 2 0 0 0 2
9:15 AM 0 3 1 1 5
9:30 AM 0 2 0 0 2
9:45 AM 0 0 2 6 8
10:00 AM 2 0 2 2 6
10:15 AM 2 0 0 0 2
10:30 AM 0 0 1 3 4
10:45 AM 0 0 0 4 4
11:00 AM 0 1 0 0 1
11:15 AM 2 0 1 2 5
11:30 AM 0 1 1 1 3
11:45 AM 2 0 0 1 3
12:00 PM 0 1 0 0 1
12:15 PM 1 1 0 0 2
12:30 PM 1 0 0 2 3
12:45 PM 2 0 0 1 3
1:00 PM 2 1 0 1 4
1:15 PM 1 0 2 4 7
1:30 PM 0 1 0 0 1
1:45 PM 1 0 0 2 3
2:00 PM 1 1 0 0 2
2:15 PM 0 0 0 3 3
2:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0
2:45 PM 0 2 0 0 2
3:00 PM 1 0 0 1 2
3:15 PM 1 0 0 1 2
3:30 PM 1 0 0 2 3
3:45 PM 1 0 2 2 5
4:00 PM 6 1 0 2 9
4:15 PM 2 0 1 2 5
4:30 PM 2 0 1 1 4
4:45 PM 0 0 0 1 1
5:00 PM 1 0 0 1 2
5:15 PM 3 0 0 1 4
5:30 PM 0 1 0 0 1
5:45 PM 0 0 2 1 3
6:00 PM 0 0 0 3 3
6:15 PM 0 0 2 0 2
6:30 PM 2 0 0 0 2
6:45 PM 2 0 0 0 2
TOTAL VOLUMES: 49 28 24 65 166
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A49
Location: Carlsbad Date: 3/9/2022
N/S: Avenida Encinas Day: Wednesday
E/W: Shopping Center DW
BICYCLES
Southbound
Avenida Encinas
Westbound
Lakeshore MHP DW
Northbound
Avenida Encinas
Eastbound
Shopping Center DW
Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right Left Thru Right
7:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1
1
5
1
0
1
1
0
2
6
4
2
3
1
7
2
0
2
1
1
1
1
4
1
1
2
2
3
1
2
4
3
0
3
4
2
1
1
0
0
1
2
1
0
2
0
0
0
7:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
7:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5 0 0 0 0
7:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
8:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8:15 AM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
8:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
8:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
9:00 AM 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
9:15 AM 1 1 0 0 0 1 1 2 0 0 0 0
9:30 AM 0 1 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0
9:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0
10:00 AM 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
10:15 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
10:30 AM 1 3 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0
10:45 AM 0 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
11:00 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
11:15 AM 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
11:30 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
11:45 AM 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0
12:00 PM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
12:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
12:30 PM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0
12:45 PM 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0
1:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0
1:30 PM 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
1:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 0 0
2:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
2:15 PM 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2:30 PM 0 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
2:45 PM 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
3:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 1
3:30 PM 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0
3:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0
4:00 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
4:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
4:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
4:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5:00 PM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
5:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0
5:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
5:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:00 PM 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0
6:15 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:30 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
6:45 PM 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
TOTAL VOLUMES: 4 25 3 1 0 7 5 32 2 1 0 3 83
Counts Unlimited, Inc.
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
951‐268‐6268 A50
A51
Counts Unlimited, Inc. Page 1
City of Carlsbad
Avenida Encinas
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
B/ Coaster Driveway - Embarcadero Lane
24 Hour Directional Speed Survey
(951) 268-6268
email: counts@countsunlimited.com
CAR006
Site Code: 232-22185
Eastbound
Start 1 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76
Time 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 999 Total
03/09/22
01:00
1
1
0
0
0
0
2
2
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
4
02:00 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
03:00 0 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
04:00 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
05:00 4 0 0 1 2 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 10
06:00 6 0 2 11 13 17 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 54
07:00 14 0 6 14 37 32 9 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 113
08:00 9 10 11 55 91 51 8 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 236
09:00 5 1 10 30 49 30 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 132
10:00 2 0 4 38 42 44 6 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 138
11:00 4 4 3 33 63 41 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 161
12 PM 5 1 3 36 69 32 21 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 167
13:00 10 1 4 34 76 57 11 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 194
14:00 9 1 9 68 74 50 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 226
15:00 12 0 2 32 75 65 17 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 204
16:00 7 1 10 41 96 79 10 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 246
17:00 13 0 12 47 80 58 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 226
18:00 5 0 13 42 74 37 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 176
19:00 2 0 4 29 40 35 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 113
20:00 0 0 6 17 41 18 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 85
21:00 0 2 7 18 18 15 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 67
22:00 1 0 4 13 15 12 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 48
23:00 0 0 2 5 3 6 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 19
Total 111 21 112 568 963 683 158 12 2 0 0 0 0 0 2630
Daily 15th Percentile :
50th Percentile :
26 MPH
32 MPH
85th Percentile : 38 MPH
95th Percentile : 41 MPH
Statistics Mean Speed(Average) :
10 MPH Pace Speed :
Number in Pace :
32 MPH
31-40 MPH
1646
Percent in Pace : 62.6%
Number of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0
Percent of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0.0%
A52
Counts Unlimited, Inc. Page 2
City of Carlsbad
Avenida Encinas
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
B/ Coaster Driveway - Embarcadero Lane
24 Hour Directional Speed Survey
(951) 268-6268
email: counts@countsunlimited.com
CAR006
Site Code: 232-22185
Westbound
Start 1 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76
Time 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 999 Total
03/09/22
01:00
3
1
0
0
4
0
6
2
1
1
2
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
16
6
02:00 1 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
03:00 5 0 2 0 2 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13
04:00 5 0 4 6 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21
05:00 4 0 0 6 13 14 11 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 50
06:00 20 0 1 17 18 32 13 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 106
07:00 19 0 6 28 49 56 11 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 172
08:00 11 4 16 65 89 61 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 262
09:00 4 0 11 28 79 61 20 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 207
10:00 8 1 3 20 68 59 17 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 176
11:00 2 1 6 35 60 73 20 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 199
12 PM 3 0 2 27 67 74 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 188
13:00 7 0 9 36 68 59 10 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 196
14:00 15 1 19 63 92 61 16 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 268
15:00 9 2 5 36 86 127 35 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 301
16:00 11 1 11 44 110 139 35 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 353
17:00 18 4 8 44 112 127 38 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 354
18:00 5 1 9 21 70 49 15 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 172
19:00 1 1 5 18 29 33 12 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 100
20:00 1 0 3 10 25 20 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 65
21:00 2 1 6 6 9 8 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 38
22:00 1 0 0 4 5 0 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13
23:00 2 0 0 0 5 4 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 15
Total 158 17 130 522 1063 1065 303 32 4 0 0 0 0 0 3294
Daily 15th Percentile :
50th Percentile :
26 MPH
33 MPH
85th Percentile : 39 MPH
95th Percentile : 42 MPH
Statistics Mean Speed(Average) :
10 MPH Pace Speed :
Number in Pace :
33 MPH
31-40 MPH
2128
Percent in Pace : 64.6%
Number of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0
Percent of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0.0%
A53
Counts Unlimited, Inc. Page 3
City of Carlsbad
Avenida Encinas
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
B/ Coaster Driveway - Embarcadero Lane
24 Hour Directional Speed Survey
(951) 268-6268
email: counts@countsunlimited.com
CAR006
Site Code: 232-22185
Eastbound, Westbound
Start 1 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76
Time 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 999 Total
03/09/22
01:00
4
2
0
0
4
0
8
4
2
2
3
1
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
21
10
02:00 1 0 0 0 2 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 5
03:00 5 0 2 0 4 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16
04:00 6 0 4 6 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 22
05:00 8 0 0 7 15 16 11 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 60
06:00 26 0 3 28 31 49 17 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 160
07:00 33 0 12 42 86 88 20 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 285
08:00 20 14 27 120 180 112 24 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 498
09:00 9 1 21 58 128 91 27 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 339
10:00 10 1 7 58 110 103 23 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 314
11:00 6 5 9 68 123 114 33 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 360
12 PM 8 1 5 63 136 106 36 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 355
13:00 17 1 13 70 144 116 21 8 0 0 0 0 0 0 390
14:00 24 2 28 131 166 111 31 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 494
15:00 21 2 7 68 161 192 52 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 505
16:00 18 2 21 85 206 218 45 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 599
17:00 31 4 20 91 192 185 54 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 580
18:00 10 1 22 63 144 86 19 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 348
19:00 3 1 9 47 69 68 15 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 213
20:00 1 0 9 27 66 38 8 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 150
21:00 2 3 13 24 27 23 12 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 105
22:00 2 0 4 17 20 12 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 61
23:00 2 0 2 5 8 10 4 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 34
Total 269 38 242 1090 2026 1748 461 44 6 0 0 0 0 0 5924
Daily 15th Percentile :
50th Percentile :
26 MPH
33 MPH
85th Percentile : 38 MPH
95th Percentile : 42 MPH
Statistics Mean Speed(Average) :
10 MPH Pace Speed :
Number in Pace :
33 MPH
31-40 MPH
3774
Percent in Pace : 63.7%
Number of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0
Percent of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0.0%
A54
Counts Unlimited, Inc. Page 1
City of Carlsbad
Avenida Encinas
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
B/ Dory Lane - Portage Way
24 Hour Directional Speed Survey
(951) 268-6268
email: counts@countsunlimited.com
CAR001
Site Code: 232-22185
Eastbound
Start 1 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76
Time 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 999 Total
03/09/22
01:00
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
3
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
0
02:00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
03:00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
04:00 0 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
05:00 0 0 0 0 5 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11
06:00 0 0 0 1 1 9 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 16
07:00 0 1 1 2 10 34 8 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 57
08:00 0 0 0 3 20 35 12 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 74
09:00 0 0 0 5 17 41 14 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 80
10:00 1 0 1 7 14 29 15 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 69
11:00 0 0 1 3 25 40 15 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 86
12 PM 0 0 3 5 32 34 8 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 84
13:00 4 0 0 9 26 36 11 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 89
14:00 4 2 4 4 22 29 7 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 74
15:00 0 0 1 10 30 32 23 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 99
16:00 4 0 1 8 31 48 16 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 115
17:00 5 0 1 11 25 48 20 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 113
18:00 1 0 0 6 18 36 11 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 75
19:00 1 0 1 1 19 9 8 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 40
20:00 0 0 0 1 5 14 4 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 28
21:00 0 0 0 1 9 12 9 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 33
22:00 0 0 0 2 4 6 7 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 25
23:00 0 0 0 0 0 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7
Total 20 3 14 80 315 501 200 35 14 2 0 0 0 0 1184
Daily 15th Percentile :
50th Percentile :
30 MPH
36 MPH
85th Percentile : 41 MPH
95th Percentile : 44 MPH
Statistics Mean Speed(Average) :
10 MPH Pace Speed :
Number in Pace :
37 MPH
31-40 MPH
816
Percent in Pace : 68.9%
Number of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 2
Percent of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0.2%
A55
Counts Unlimited, Inc. Page 2
City of Carlsbad
Avenida Encinas
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
B/ Dory Lane - Portage Way
24 Hour Directional Speed Survey
(951) 268-6268
email: counts@countsunlimited.com
CAR001
Site Code: 232-22185
Westbound
Start 1 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76
Time 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 999 Total
03/09/22
01:00
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
5
0
02:00 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
03:00 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
04:00 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
05:00 0 0 1 2 3 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8
06:00 0 0 2 6 7 12 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 28
07:00 3 1 7 18 23 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 65
08:00 0 0 3 12 37 27 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 82
09:00 4 0 2 25 42 19 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 96
10:00 4 0 7 20 38 27 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 99
11:00 3 0 2 27 34 36 8 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 111
12 PM 0 1 7 26 53 19 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 111
13:00 7 3 5 26 66 33 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 146
14:00 4 1 9 22 70 32 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 145
15:00 4 0 5 31 73 29 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 144
16:00 3 0 9 34 85 51 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 185
17:00 6 1 4 19 86 54 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 176
18:00 3 0 7 23 47 18 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 101
19:00 1 1 2 12 32 18 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 67
20:00 0 0 2 8 16 11 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 41
21:00 0 0 1 1 15 11 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 31
22:00 0 0 1 1 6 7 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 18
23:00 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Total 42 8 76 319 738 418 56 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 1666
Daily 15th Percentile :
50th Percentile :
26 MPH
32 MPH
85th Percentile : 37 MPH
95th Percentile : 39 MPH
Statistics Mean Speed(Average) :
10 MPH Pace Speed :
Number in Pace :
33 MPH
31-40 MPH
1156
Percent in Pace : 69.4%
Number of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0
Percent of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0.0%
A56
Counts Unlimited, Inc. Page 3
City of Carlsbad
Avenida Encinas
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
B/ Dory Lane - Portage Way
24 Hour Directional Speed Survey
(951) 268-6268
email: counts@countsunlimited.com
CAR001
Site Code: 232-22185
Eastbound, Westbound
Start 1 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76
Time 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 999 Total
03/09/22
01:00
0
0
0
0
0
0
3
0
3
0
0
0
3
0
1
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
11
0
02:00 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
03:00 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1
04:00 0 0 0 3 2 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6
05:00 0 0 1 2 8 4 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19
06:00 0 0 2 7 8 21 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 44
07:00 3 2 8 20 33 47 8 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 122
08:00 0 0 3 15 57 62 15 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 156
09:00 4 0 2 30 59 60 18 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 176
10:00 5 0 8 27 52 56 17 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 168
11:00 3 0 3 30 59 76 23 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 197
12 PM 0 1 10 31 85 53 12 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 195
13:00 11 3 5 35 92 69 17 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 235
14:00 8 3 13 26 92 61 13 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 219
15:00 4 0 6 41 103 61 24 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 243
16:00 7 0 10 42 116 99 19 4 3 0 0 0 0 0 300
17:00 11 1 5 30 111 102 26 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 289
18:00 4 0 7 29 65 54 14 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 176
19:00 2 1 3 13 51 27 9 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 107
20:00 0 0 2 9 21 25 7 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 69
21:00 0 0 1 2 24 23 11 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 64
22:00 0 0 1 3 10 13 9 4 2 1 0 0 0 0 43
23:00 0 0 0 0 2 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9
Total 62 11 90 399 1053 919 256 44 14 2 0 0 0 0 2850
Daily 15th Percentile :
50th Percentile :
28 MPH
34 MPH
85th Percentile : 39 MPH
95th Percentile : 43 MPH
Statistics Mean Speed(Average) :
10 MPH Pace Speed :
Number in Pace :
34 MPH
31-40 MPH
1972
Percent in Pace : 69.2%
Number of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 2
Percent of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0.1%
A57
Counts Unlimited, Inc. Page 1
City of Carlsbad
Avenida Encinas
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
B/ Poinsettia Lane - San Carlos Street
24 Hour Directional Speed Survey
(951) 268-6268
email: counts@countsunlimited.com
CAR003
Site Code: 232-22185
Northbound
Start 1 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76
Time 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 999 Total
03/09/22
01:00
1
0
5
6
4
8
10
5
6
4
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
27
25
02:00 0 1 4 2 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 13
03:00 1 1 3 4 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 11
04:00 1 1 2 2 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12
05:00 0 1 10 13 11 5 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 44
06:00 2 4 33 47 47 15 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 152
07:00 11 5 49 122 133 36 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 362
08:00 8 6 53 146 142 55 10 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 421
09:00 4 7 66 156 146 47 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 432
10:00 12 9 84 182 147 55 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 494
11:00 15 21 112 170 158 35 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 520
12 PM 22 25 149 239 172 32 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 644
13:00 28 45 125 230 152 32 4 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 619
14:00 16 23 111 241 183 47 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 627
15:00 14 30 135 223 143 45 13 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 603
16:00 45 33 124 221 148 35 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 613
17:00 15 39 145 245 126 38 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 612
18:00 18 26 120 229 111 30 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 537
19:00 4 4 61 123 91 28 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 316
20:00 8 6 45 84 58 24 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 229
21:00 5 2 23 49 45 12 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 137
22:00 4 4 11 28 22 7 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 78
23:00 1 5 9 8 8 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37
Total 235 309 1486 2779 2060 591 90 12 3 0 0 0 0 0 7565
Daily 15th Percentile :
50th Percentile :
21 MPH
28 MPH
85th Percentile : 33 MPH
95th Percentile : 37 MPH
Statistics Mean Speed(Average) :
10 MPH Pace Speed :
Number in Pace :
28 MPH
26-35 MPH
4839
Percent in Pace : 64.0%
Number of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0
Percent of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0.0%
A58
Counts Unlimited, Inc. Page 2
City of Carlsbad
Avenida Encinas
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
B/ Poinsettia Lane - San Carlos Street
24 Hour Directional Speed Survey
(951) 268-6268
email: counts@countsunlimited.com
CAR003
Site Code: 232-22185
Southbound
Start 1 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76
Time 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 999 Total
03/09/22
01:00
2
0
5
0
6
0
8
4
7
7
4
0
4
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
36
13
02:00 1 0 1 2 5 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 16
03:00 0 0 1 2 2 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8
04:00 0 0 5 9 6 7 3 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 32
05:00 0 2 5 18 10 8 6 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 51
06:00 9 2 28 49 40 19 10 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 161
07:00 11 7 39 66 67 51 28 6 1 1 0 0 0 0 277
08:00 33 18 42 100 88 103 39 6 0 1 0 0 0 0 430
09:00 32 20 64 78 101 83 27 10 2 1 0 0 0 0 418
10:00 56 17 76 105 97 94 29 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 481
11:00 77 32 74 122 91 76 21 11 4 0 0 0 0 0 508
12 PM 78 32 84 104 94 79 23 3 1 0 0 0 1 0 499
13:00 47 29 78 108 127 77 35 12 1 1 1 1 0 0 517
14:00 43 22 55 109 139 93 40 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 508
15:00 58 30 63 95 98 104 38 9 0 1 0 0 0 0 496
16:00 61 27 71 91 97 79 42 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 475
17:00 70 25 74 96 112 102 33 9 1 0 0 0 0 0 522
18:00 38 24 50 87 96 69 27 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 392
19:00 7 8 40 58 65 44 16 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 244
20:00 5 2 25 44 45 41 16 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 180
21:00 1 1 7 21 27 24 19 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 105
22:00 2 1 10 8 20 19 5 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 71
23:00 0 2 5 13 17 10 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 53
Total 631 306 903 1397 1458 1193 471 106 20 5 1 1 1 0 6493
Daily 15th Percentile :
50th Percentile :
20 MPH
30 MPH
85th Percentile : 38 MPH
95th Percentile : 42 MPH
Statistics Mean Speed(Average) :
10 MPH Pace Speed :
Number in Pace :
29 MPH
26-35 MPH
2855
Percent in Pace : 44.0%
Number of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 8
Percent of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0.1%
A59
Counts Unlimited, Inc. Page 3
City of Carlsbad
Avenida Encinas
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
B/ Poinsettia Lane - San Carlos Street
24 Hour Directional Speed Survey
(951) 268-6268
email: counts@countsunlimited.com
CAR003
Site Code: 232-22185
Northbound, Southbound
Start 1 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76
Time 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 999 Total
03/09/22
01:00
3
0
10
6
10
8
18
9
13
11
4
1
4
2
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
63
38
02:00 1 1 5 4 9 7 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 29
03:00 1 1 4 6 2 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 19
04:00 1 1 7 11 9 9 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 44
05:00 0 3 15 31 21 13 10 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 95
06:00 11 6 61 96 87 34 13 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 313
07:00 22 12 88 188 200 87 33 7 1 1 0 0 0 0 639
08:00 41 24 95 246 230 158 49 7 0 1 0 0 0 0 851
09:00 36 27 130 234 247 130 33 10 2 1 0 0 0 0 850
10:00 68 26 160 287 244 149 34 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 975
11:00 92 53 186 292 249 111 30 11 4 0 0 0 0 0 1028
12 PM 100 57 233 343 266 111 27 3 2 0 0 0 1 0 1143
13:00 75 74 203 338 279 109 39 14 2 1 1 1 0 0 1136
14:00 59 45 166 350 322 140 44 7 2 0 0 0 0 0 1135
15:00 72 60 198 318 241 149 51 9 0 1 0 0 0 0 1099
16:00 106 60 195 312 245 114 48 6 2 0 0 0 0 0 1088
17:00 85 64 219 341 238 140 36 10 1 0 0 0 0 0 1134
18:00 56 50 170 316 207 99 29 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 929
19:00 11 12 101 181 156 72 21 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 560
20:00 13 8 70 128 103 65 20 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 409
21:00 6 3 30 70 72 36 19 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 242
22:00 6 5 21 36 42 26 7 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 149
23:00 1 7 14 21 25 16 5 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 90
Total 866 615 2389 4176 3518 1784 561 118 23 5 1 1 1 0 14058
Daily 15th Percentile :
50th Percentile :
21 MPH
28 MPH
85th Percentile : 36 MPH
95th Percentile : 40 MPH
Statistics Mean Speed(Average) :
10 MPH Pace Speed :
Number in Pace :
29 MPH
26-35 MPH
7694
Percent in Pace : 54.7%
Number of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 8
Percent of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0.1%
A60
Counts Unlimited, Inc. Page 1
City of Carlsbad
Avenida Encinas
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
B/ San Carlos Street - San Lucas Street
24 Hour Directional Speed Survey
(951) 268-6268
email: counts@countsunlimited.com
CAR004
Site Code: 232-22185
Northbound
Start 1 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76
Time 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 999 Total
03/09/22
01:00
0
0
0
0
6
0
7
1
2
1
1
3
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
17
6
02:00 0 0 0 0 1 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6
03:00 0 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
04:00 0 0 1 0 4 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 9
05:00 0 0 1 5 11 10 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32
06:00 1 2 5 11 46 20 12 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 99
07:00 6 3 4 40 106 74 21 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 260
08:00 0 0 10 65 124 72 20 5 3 0 0 0 0 0 299
09:00 3 4 5 67 127 73 16 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 295
10:00 4 1 9 72 156 79 26 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 348
11:00 2 0 21 89 155 81 15 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 365
12 PM 3 0 18 117 182 76 25 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 424
13:00 5 4 20 103 178 82 16 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 411
14:00 4 0 12 108 187 92 23 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 432
15:00 3 3 16 97 173 99 22 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 417
16:00 1 2 23 118 209 73 14 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 441
17:00 2 2 24 115 187 79 12 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 422
18:00 2 1 15 104 150 59 12 4 2 1 0 0 0 0 350
19:00 0 1 6 47 95 46 10 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 207
20:00 1 3 9 30 56 28 11 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 140
21:00 0 1 5 18 35 17 4 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 82
22:00 0 1 2 8 20 11 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 48
23:00 0 1 1 5 8 1 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21
Total 37 29 213 1228 2214 1082 279 39 12 1 1 0 0 0 5135
Daily 15th Percentile :
50th Percentile :
27 MPH
32 MPH
85th Percentile : 37 MPH
95th Percentile : 41 MPH
Statistics Mean Speed(Average) :
10 MPH Pace Speed :
Number in Pace :
33 MPH
26-35 MPH
3442
Percent in Pace : 67.0%
Number of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 2
Percent of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0.0%
A61
Counts Unlimited, Inc. Page 2
City of Carlsbad
Avenida Encinas
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
B/ San Carlos Street - San Lucas Street
24 Hour Directional Speed Survey
(951) 268-6268
email: counts@countsunlimited.com
CAR004
Site Code: 232-22185
Southbound
Start 1 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76
Time 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 999 Total
03/09/22
01:00
0
0
0
0
1
0
2
0
2
2
8
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
14
3
02:00 0 0 1 0 1 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8
03:00 0 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
04:00 0 0 0 2 4 7 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 15
05:00 0 0 2 1 5 5 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 19
06:00 0 0 2 8 22 18 10 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 61
07:00 0 0 5 22 61 41 18 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 151
08:00 2 0 3 22 88 91 18 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 233
09:00 3 0 5 27 104 69 18 6 2 0 0 0 0 0 234
10:00 6 2 15 41 103 82 33 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 283
11:00 5 3 13 53 99 83 25 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 288
12 PM 3 2 13 34 95 79 23 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 251
13:00 5 4 7 45 116 89 27 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 296
14:00 6 0 8 55 120 96 18 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 305
15:00 3 4 9 57 112 79 23 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 292
16:00 9 1 9 56 96 82 19 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 274
17:00 7 1 16 58 117 87 14 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 302
18:00 1 2 8 45 73 69 22 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 221
19:00 2 1 1 19 53 42 13 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 133
20:00 0 0 4 10 40 39 9 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 103
21:00 0 0 2 7 20 20 13 4 2 0 0 0 0 0 68
22:00 0 0 1 5 18 16 5 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 48
23:00 0 0 1 8 6 10 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 27
Total 52 20 126 577 1358 1119 319 53 8 0 0 0 0 0 3632
Daily 15th Percentile :
50th Percentile :
28 MPH
33 MPH
85th Percentile : 39 MPH
95th Percentile : 43 MPH
Statistics Mean Speed(Average) :
10 MPH Pace Speed :
Number in Pace :
34 MPH
31-40 MPH
2477
Percent in Pace : 68.2%
Number of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0
Percent of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0.0%
A62
Counts Unlimited, Inc. Page 3
City of Carlsbad
Avenida Encinas
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
B/ San Carlos Street - San Lucas Street
24 Hour Directional Speed Survey
(951) 268-6268
email: counts@countsunlimited.com
CAR004
Site Code: 232-22185
Northbound, Southbound
Start 1 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76
Time 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 999 Total
03/09/22
01:00
0
0
0
0
7
0
9
1
4
3
9
3
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
31
9
02:00 0 0 1 0 2 9 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14
03:00 0 0 0 1 2 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7
04:00 0 0 1 2 8 8 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24
05:00 0 0 3 6 16 15 10 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 51
06:00 1 2 7 19 68 38 22 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 160
07:00 6 3 9 62 167 115 39 8 2 0 0 0 0 0 411
08:00 2 0 13 87 212 163 38 14 3 0 0 0 0 0 532
09:00 6 4 10 94 231 142 34 6 2 0 0 0 0 0 529
10:00 10 3 24 113 259 161 59 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 631
11:00 7 3 34 142 254 164 40 8 1 0 0 0 0 0 653
12 PM 6 2 31 151 277 155 48 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 675
13:00 10 8 27 148 294 171 43 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 707
14:00 10 0 20 163 307 188 41 7 1 0 0 0 0 0 737
15:00 6 7 25 154 285 178 45 9 0 0 0 0 0 0 709
16:00 10 3 32 174 305 155 33 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 715
17:00 9 3 40 173 304 166 26 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 724
18:00 3 3 23 149 223 128 34 5 2 1 0 0 0 0 571
19:00 2 2 7 66 148 88 23 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 340
20:00 1 3 13 40 96 67 20 2 0 0 1 0 0 0 243
21:00 0 1 7 25 55 37 17 5 3 0 0 0 0 0 150
22:00 0 1 3 13 38 27 10 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 96
23:00 0 1 2 13 14 11 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 48
Total 89 49 339 1805 3572 2201 598 92 20 1 1 0 0 0 8767
Daily 15th Percentile :
50th Percentile :
27 MPH
32 MPH
85th Percentile : 38 MPH
95th Percentile : 42 MPH
Statistics Mean Speed(Average) :
10 MPH Pace Speed :
Number in Pace :
33 MPH
31-40 MPH
5773
Percent in Pace : 65.8%
Number of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 2
Percent of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0.0%
A63
Counts Unlimited, Inc. Page 1
City of Carlsbad
Avenida Encinas
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
B/ San Lucas Street - Shopping Center
24 Hour Directional Speed Survey
(951) 268-6268
email: counts@countsunlimited.com
CAR005
Site Code: 232-22185
Eastbound
Start 1 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76
Time 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 999 Total
03/09/22
01:00
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
0
4
0
2
0
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
9
1
02:00 0 0 1 0 1 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7
03:00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
04:00 0 0 0 1 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
05:00 0 0 1 4 0 2 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 11
06:00 0 0 2 6 12 7 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 33
07:00 1 1 2 14 20 17 6 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 64
08:00 0 0 2 22 53 48 11 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 139
09:00 0 0 4 28 73 32 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 147
10:00 1 0 4 33 51 39 14 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 143
11:00 3 1 6 44 60 34 17 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 166
12 PM 2 0 4 25 50 45 13 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 140
13:00 0 0 3 26 68 62 9 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 171
14:00 1 0 5 36 71 49 14 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 180
15:00 3 1 4 50 60 37 18 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 177
16:00 0 0 2 32 76 55 10 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 179
17:00 0 0 2 36 85 38 9 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 171
18:00 2 1 0 20 49 45 12 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 131
19:00 0 0 1 10 26 24 11 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 74
20:00 0 0 0 9 17 21 6 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 57
21:00 0 0 1 5 10 17 9 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 45
22:00 0 0 0 3 13 11 4 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 38
23:00 0 0 1 2 5 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 14
Total 13 4 45 407 806 596 186 34 7 3 0 0 0 0 2101
Daily 15th Percentile :
50th Percentile :
28 MPH
33 MPH
85th Percentile : 39 MPH
95th Percentile : 43 MPH
Statistics Mean Speed(Average) :
10 MPH Pace Speed :
Number in Pace :
34 MPH
31-40 MPH
1402
Percent in Pace : 66.7%
Number of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 3
Percent of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0.1%
A64
Counts Unlimited, Inc. Page 2
City of Carlsbad
Avenida Encinas
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
B/ San Lucas Street - Shopping Center
24 Hour Directional Speed Survey
(951) 268-6268
email: counts@countsunlimited.com
CAR005
Site Code: 232-22185
Westbound
Start 1 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76
Time 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 999 Total
03/09/22
01:00
0
0
0
0
2
0
2
2
2
0
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
4
02:00 0 0 0 0 2 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5
03:00 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
04:00 0 1 1 2 1 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 8
05:00 0 0 1 5 6 4 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 19
06:00 0 0 2 8 27 12 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 56
07:00 5 0 4 14 64 46 10 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 145
08:00 1 1 6 19 62 59 7 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 157
09:00 6 3 14 29 59 37 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 153
10:00 2 3 19 53 75 23 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 180
11:00 2 4 23 57 46 22 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 160
12 PM 3 3 19 62 72 24 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 188
13:00 4 3 31 61 55 23 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 181
14:00 1 1 20 60 88 32 9 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 213
15:00 5 6 21 80 58 35 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 208
16:00 3 3 46 77 68 22 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 223
17:00 0 4 45 66 73 24 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 213
18:00 8 7 23 56 45 14 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 159
19:00 1 1 14 27 29 7 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 80
20:00 0 0 11 14 15 14 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 56
21:00 1 0 7 7 11 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 32
22:00 4 0 1 7 7 3 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 25
23:00 0 1 1 1 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 7
Total 46 41 312 709 869 414 80 10 0 0 0 0 0 0 2481
Daily 15th Percentile :
50th Percentile :
24 MPH
30 MPH
85th Percentile : 36 MPH
95th Percentile : 39 MPH
Statistics Mean Speed(Average) :
10 MPH Pace Speed :
Number in Pace :
31 MPH
26-35 MPH
1578
Percent in Pace : 63.6%
Number of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0
Percent of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0.0%
A65
Counts Unlimited, Inc. Page 3
City of Carlsbad
Avenida Encinas
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
B/ San Lucas Street - Shopping Center
24 Hour Directional Speed Survey
(951) 268-6268
email: counts@countsunlimited.com
CAR005
Site Code: 232-22185
Eastbound, Westbound
Start 1 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76
Time 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 999 Total
03/09/22
01:00
0
0
0
0
2
0
3
2
6
0
2
2
2
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
15
5
02:00 0 0 1 0 3 7 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12
03:00 0 0 1 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3
04:00 0 1 1 3 3 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12
05:00 0 0 2 9 6 6 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 30
06:00 0 0 4 14 39 19 12 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 89
07:00 6 1 6 28 84 63 16 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 209
08:00 1 1 8 41 115 107 18 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 296
09:00 6 3 18 57 132 69 15 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 300
10:00 3 3 23 86 126 62 19 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 323
11:00 5 5 29 101 106 56 23 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 326
12 PM 5 3 23 87 122 69 17 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 328
13:00 4 3 34 87 123 85 13 3 0 0 0 0 0 0 352
14:00 2 1 25 96 159 81 23 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 393
15:00 8 7 25 130 118 72 21 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 385
16:00 3 3 48 109 144 77 14 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 402
17:00 0 4 47 102 158 62 10 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 384
18:00 10 8 23 76 94 59 18 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 290
19:00 1 1 15 37 55 31 12 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 154
20:00 0 0 11 23 32 35 8 2 1 1 0 0 0 0 113
21:00 1 0 8 12 21 23 9 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 77
22:00 4 0 1 10 20 14 6 6 2 0 0 0 0 0 63
23:00 0 1 2 3 8 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 21
Total 59 45 357 1116 1675 1010 266 44 7 3 0 0 0 0 4582
Daily 15th Percentile :
50th Percentile :
26 MPH
32 MPH
85th Percentile : 38 MPH
95th Percentile : 41 MPH
Statistics Mean Speed(Average) :
10 MPH Pace Speed :
Number in Pace :
32 MPH
26-35 MPH
2791
Percent in Pace : 60.9%
Number of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 3
Percent of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0.1%
A66
Counts Unlimited, Inc. Page 1
City of Carlsbad
Avenida Encinas
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
B/ Windrose Circle - Shopping Center
24 Hour Directional Speed Survey
(951) 268-6268
email: counts@countsunlimited.com
CAR002
Site Code: 232-22185
Northbound
Start 1 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76
Time 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 999 Total
03/09/22
01:00
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
2
0
1
0
1
0
2
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
6
1
02:00 0 0 0 0 0 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6
03:00 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
04:00 0 0 0 0 1 3 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 6
05:00 0 0 0 4 4 7 2 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 22
06:00 0 0 0 0 10 33 15 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 62
07:00 3 0 0 3 22 76 49 10 3 0 0 0 0 0 166
08:00 0 0 0 2 24 70 60 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 170
09:00 1 1 1 7 24 71 33 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 149
10:00 2 0 1 3 29 68 39 6 0 0 0 0 0 0 148
11:00 0 3 1 3 25 62 45 5 2 0 0 0 0 0 146
12 PM 4 0 3 6 37 83 31 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 170
13:00 3 4 2 2 39 65 37 6 2 0 0 0 0 0 160
14:00 3 0 1 1 48 90 54 11 4 1 0 0 0 0 213
15:00 6 0 2 7 32 85 50 7 1 1 0 0 0 0 191
16:00 0 2 1 3 43 92 57 9 1 0 0 0 0 0 208
17:00 1 1 0 3 36 82 69 11 2 0 0 0 0 0 205
18:00 1 0 0 8 29 59 23 7 1 1 0 0 0 0 129
19:00 1 0 0 3 11 26 12 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 54
20:00 0 0 0 0 9 18 8 1 3 0 0 0 0 0 39
21:00 0 1 0 1 2 10 4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 18
22:00 0 0 0 0 3 4 5 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 14
23:00 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
Total 25 12 12 57 431 1012 596 115 24 3 0 0 0 0 2287
Daily 15th Percentile :
50th Percentile :
32 MPH
37 MPH
85th Percentile : 43 MPH
95th Percentile : 46 MPH
Statistics Mean Speed(Average) :
10 MPH Pace Speed :
Number in Pace :
38 MPH
36-45 MPH
1608
Percent in Pace : 70.3%
Number of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 3
Percent of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0.1%
A67
Counts Unlimited, Inc. Page 2
City of Carlsbad
Avenida Encinas
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
B/ Windrose Circle - Shopping Center
24 Hour Directional Speed Survey
(951) 268-6268
email: counts@countsunlimited.com
CAR002
Site Code: 232-22185
Southbound
Start 1 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76
Time 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 999 Total
03/09/22
01:00
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
1
0
3
0
2
1
0
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
7
2
02:00 0 0 0 0 1 4 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 6
03:00 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
04:00 0 0 1 1 1 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 4
05:00 0 0 1 0 5 2 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 14
06:00 0 0 0 3 9 11 14 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 37
07:00 0 0 0 2 12 31 26 7 3 0 0 0 0 0 81
08:00 0 0 0 0 20 48 36 14 3 0 0 0 0 0 121
09:00 2 0 1 5 19 57 32 11 0 0 0 0 0 0 127
10:00 0 0 0 2 22 40 35 7 1 0 0 0 0 0 107
11:00 2 0 0 2 27 58 45 8 2 0 0 0 0 0 144
12 PM 0 0 0 4 24 57 42 6 1 0 0 0 0 0 134
13:00 0 1 1 1 23 71 52 11 1 1 0 0 0 0 162
14:00 1 1 2 0 26 80 48 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 165
15:00 0 0 1 1 33 68 47 15 2 1 0 0 0 0 168
16:00 0 0 0 2 26 89 65 14 1 2 1 0 0 0 200
17:00 0 0 0 1 21 99 56 14 3 0 0 0 0 0 194
18:00 0 0 0 5 26 64 46 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 147
19:00 0 0 0 4 15 37 24 3 0 1 0 0 0 0 84
20:00 0 1 0 2 11 26 20 1 0 1 1 0 0 0 63
21:00 0 0 0 2 3 15 8 2 4 1 0 0 0 0 35
22:00 0 0 0 3 5 11 9 5 2 0 1 0 0 0 36
23:00 0 0 0 0 3 5 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 11
Total 5 4 7 40 333 876 616 133 25 7 3 0 0 0 2049
Daily 15th Percentile :
50th Percentile :
33 MPH
38 MPH
85th Percentile : 43 MPH
95th Percentile : 47 MPH
Statistics Mean Speed(Average) :
10 MPH Pace Speed :
Number in Pace :
39 MPH
36-45 MPH
1492
Percent in Pace : 72.8%
Number of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 10
Percent of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0.5%
A68
Counts Unlimited, Inc. Page 3
City of Carlsbad
Avenida Encinas
PO Box 1178
Corona, CA 92878
B/ Windrose Circle - Shopping Center
24 Hour Directional Speed Survey
(951) 268-6268
email: counts@countsunlimited.com
CAR002
Site Code: 232-22185
Northbound, Southbound
Start 1 16 21 26 31 36 41 46 51 56 61 66 71 76
Time 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75 999 Total
03/09/22
01:00
0
0
0
1
0
0
0
1
3
0
4
0
3
1
2
0
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
13
3
02:00 0 0 0 0 1 10 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 12
03:00 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2
04:00 0 0 1 1 2 3 0 2 1 0 0 0 0 0 10
05:00 0 0 1 4 9 9 7 5 1 0 0 0 0 0 36
06:00 0 0 0 3 19 44 29 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 99
07:00 3 0 0 5 34 107 75 17 6 0 0 0 0 0 247
08:00 0 0 0 2 44 118 96 28 3 0 0 0 0 0 291
09:00 3 1 2 12 43 128 65 22 0 0 0 0 0 0 276
10:00 2 0 1 5 51 108 74 13 1 0 0 0 0 0 255
11:00 2 3 1 5 52 120 90 13 4 0 0 0 0 0 290
12 PM 4 0 3 10 61 140 73 11 2 0 0 0 0 0 304
13:00 3 5 3 3 62 136 89 17 3 1 0 0 0 0 322
14:00 4 1 3 1 74 170 102 18 4 1 0 0 0 0 378
15:00 6 0 3 8 65 153 97 22 3 2 0 0 0 0 359
16:00 0 2 1 5 69 181 122 23 2 2 1 0 0 0 408
17:00 1 1 0 4 57 181 125 25 5 0 0 0 0 0 399
18:00 1 0 0 13 55 123 69 12 2 1 0 0 0 0 276
19:00 1 0 0 7 26 63 36 4 0 1 0 0 0 0 138
20:00 0 1 0 2 20 44 28 2 3 1 1 0 0 0 102
21:00 0 1 0 3 5 25 12 2 4 1 0 0 0 0 53
22:00 0 0 0 3 8 15 14 6 3 0 1 0 0 0 50
23:00 0 0 0 0 4 5 3 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 13
Total 30 16 19 97 764 1888 1212 248 49 10 3 0 0 0 4336
Daily 15th Percentile :
50th Percentile :
33 MPH
38 MPH
85th Percentile : 43 MPH
95th Percentile : 46 MPH
Statistics Mean Speed(Average) :
10 MPH Pace Speed :
Number in Pace :
39 MPH
36-45 MPH
3100
Percent in Pace : 71.5%
Number of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 13
Percent of Vehicles > 55 MPH : 0.3%
Appendix B:
Segment Two Conceptual
Design Plan (April 2022)
Carlsbad Boulevard to Raintree Drive ..................................................................B1
Raintree Drive to Carlsbad Poinsettia Coaster Station .........................................B2
B1
SOUTH
B
O
U
N
D
CARL
S
B
A
D
B
L
V
D
NORT
H
B
O
U
N
D
MATCHLI
N
ECARL
S
B
A
D
B
L
V
D
SEE BEL
O
W
L
E
F
T
PORTAG
E
W
A
Y
PONT
O
D
R
DORY LN
MARLIN
L
N
MERIDIAN
W
A
Y
WINDROSE CIR
SAN LUCAS ST
SAN CAR
L
O
S
S
T
SHOPPING
CENTER DWY
POINSE
T
T
I
A
L
N
SHOPPINGCENTER DW
Y
SHO
P
P
I
N
G
CEN
T
E
R
D
W
Y
RAINTR
E
E
D
R
SEE
A
B
O
V
E
R
I
G
H
T
MAT
C
H
L
I
N
E
SEE
N
E
X
T
S
H
E
E
T
MAT
C
H
L
I
N
E
TRA
F
F
I
C
AVENIDA ENCINAS CONCEPT STRIPING (SHEET 1 OF 2)
P
P
P
B2
SEE
P
R
E
V
I
O
U
S
S
H
E
E
T
MAT
C
H
L
I
N
E
MACAD
A
M
I
A
D
R
ribution Airbus DS EMB
A
R
C
A
D
E
R
O
L
N
EMBARCA
D
E
R
O
L
N
TRA
F
F
I
C
AVENIDA ENCINAS CONCEPT STRIPING (SHEET 2 OF 2)
P
P
P
P
P P
P
P P
P
Appendix C:
Signal Timing Sheets
Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane ..............................................................................C1
Avenida Encinas & Carlsbad Boulevard ........................................................................C2
Avenida Encinas & San Lucas .......................................................................................C3
Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road ....................................................................C4
C1
C2
C3
C4
Appendix D:
LOS and Queuing Analysis
Worksheets
Existing Conditions AM Peak Hour ...........................................................................D1 - D9
Existing Conditions PM Peak Hour ...........................................................................D10 - D18
Existing Conditions Plus Project Improvements AM Peak Hour ................................D19 - D29
Existing Conditions Plus Project Improvements PM Peak Hour ................................D30 - D40
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Conditions
1: Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road Timing Plan: AM Peak
Lane Group EBL EBT WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Group Flow (vph) 32 404 370 164 233 44 98 230 85 146 30
v/c Ratio 0.27 0.78 0.80 0.17 0.25 0.20 0.42 0.58 0.37 0.61 0.11
Control Delay 57.7 45.2 52.3 17.1 3.5 43.9 48.2 12.0 48.4 55.2 0.8
Queue Delay 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Delay 57.7 45.2 52.3 17.1 3.5 43.9 48.2 12.0 48.4 55.2 0.8
Queue Length 50th (ft) 19 216 205 53 0 25 56 0 49 87 0
Queue Length 95th (ft) 63 423 #569 137 42 47 89 0 121 191 0
Internal Link Dist (ft) 637 267 850 909
Turn Bay Length (ft) 90 180 100 400 250 550
Base Capacity (vph) 462 845 462 978 923 573 603 657 790 829 751
Starvation Cap Reductn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Spillback Cap Reductn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Storage Cap Reductn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Reduced v/c Ratio 0.07 0.48 0.80 0.17 0.25 0.08 0.16 0.35 0.11 0.18 0.04
Intersection Summary
# 95th percentile volume exceeds capacity, queue may be longer.
Queue shown is maximum after two cycles.
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Queues Page 3
D1
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Conditions
1: Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road Timing Plan: AM Peak
Lane Group EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (vph) 28 277 75 318 141 200 28 63 147 78 114 25
Future Volume (vph) 28 277 75 318 141 200 28 63 147 78 114 25
Ideal Flow (vphpl) 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900
Storage Length (ft) 90 0 180 0 100 400 250 550
Storage Lanes 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
Taper Length (ft) 25 25 25 25
Satd. Flow (prot) 1770 1789 0 1770 1863 1583 1770 1863 1583 1681 1764 1583
Flt Permitted 0.950 0.950 0.950 0.950 0.997
Satd. Flow (perm) 1765 1789 0 1757 1863 1547 1770 1863 1550 1681 1764 1518
Right Turn on Red Yes Yes Yes Yes
Satd. Flow (RTOR) 8 233 230 72
Link Speed (mph) 35 35 40 35
Link Distance (ft) 717 347 930 989
Travel Time (s) 14.0 6.8 15.9 19.3
Confl. Peds. (#/hr) 1 4 4 1 5 5
Confl. Bikes (#/hr) 3 1 1 1
Peak Hour Factor 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.83 0.83 0.83
Shared Lane Traffic (%) 10%
Lane Group Flow (vph) 32 404 0 370 164 233 44 98 230 85 146 30
Turn Type Prot NA Prot NA Perm Split NA Perm Split NA Perm
Protected Phases 5 2 1 6 8 8 7 7
Permitted Phases 6 8 7
Detector Phase 5 2 1 6 6 8 8 8 7 7 7
Switch Phase
Minimum Initial (s) 4.0 8.0 4.0 8.0 8.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0
Minimum Split (s) 8.2 32.0 8.2 13.0 13.0 35.6 35.6 35.6 24.6 24.6 24.6
Total Split (s) 29.2 50.0 29.2 50.0 50.0 35.6 35.6 35.6 49.6 49.6 49.6
Total Split (%) 17.8% 30.4% 17.8% 30.4% 30.4% 21.7% 21.7% 21.7% 30.2% 30.2% 30.2%
Maximum Green (s) 25.0 45.0 25.0 45.0 45.0 31.0 31.0 31.0 45.0 45.0 45.0
Yellow Time (s) 3.2 4.0 3.2 4.0 4.0 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6
All-Red Time (s) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Lost Time Adjust (s) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Lost Time (s) 4.2 5.0 4.2 5.0 5.0 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6
Lead/Lag Lead Lag Lead Lag Lag Lag Lag Lag Lead Lead Lead
Lead-Lag Optimize? Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Vehicle Extension (s) 2.0 3.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
Recall Mode None Min None Min Min None None None None None None
Walk Time (s) 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0
Flash Dont Walk (s) 20.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 13.0 13.0 13.0
Pedestrian Calls (#/hr) 4 5 5 5 0 0 0
Act Effct Green (s) 6.6 28.5 26.1 52.6 52.6 12.5 12.5 12.5 13.7 13.7 13.7
Actuated g/C Ratio 0.07 0.28 0.26 0.53 0.53 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.14 0.14 0.14
v/c Ratio 0.27 0.78 0.80 0.17 0.25 0.20 0.42 0.58 0.37 0.61 0.11
Control Delay 57.7 45.2 52.3 17.1 3.5 43.9 48.2 12.0 48.4 55.2 0.8
Queue Delay 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Delay 57.7 45.2 52.3 17.1 3.5 43.9 48.2 12.0 48.4 55.2 0.8
LOS E D D B A D D B D E A
Approach Delay 46.1 30.0 25.3 46.7
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Lanes, Volumes, Timings Page 1
D2
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Conditions
1: Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road Timing Plan: AM Peak
Lane Group EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Approach LOS D C C D
Intersection Summary
Area Type: Other
Cycle Length: 164.4
Actuated Cycle Length: 100.1
Natural Cycle: 115
Control Type: Actuated-Uncoordinated
Maximum v/c Ratio: 0.80
Intersection Signal Delay: 35.2 Intersection LOS: D
Intersection Capacity Utilization 61.3% ICU Level of Service B
Analysis Period (min) 15
Splits and Phases: 1: Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Lanes, Volumes, Timings Page 2
D3
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Conditions
2: Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane Timing Plan: AM Peak
Lane Group EBL EBT WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Group Flow (vph)
v/c Ratio
Control Delay
Queue Delay
39
0.28
54.5
0.0
299
0.33
29.3
0.0
353
0.61
43.6
0.0
206
0.17
25.7
0.0
306
0.44
5.8
0.0
23
0.19
54.9
0.0
80
0.33
42.6
0.0
400
0.73
12.6
0.0
272
0.64
42.7
0.0
82
0.11
22.7
0.0
52
0.08
0.2
0.0
Total Delay
Queue Length 50th (ft)
54.5
18
29.3
41
43.6
81
25.7
43
5.8
0
54.9
11
42.6
37
12.6
0
42.7
112
22.7
21
0.2
0
Queue Length 95th (ft)
Internal Link Dist (ft)
71 93
1109
218 108
1337
70 49 100
560
55 300 75
1079
0
Turn Bay Length (ft)
Base Capacity (vph)
225
425 2351
230
2063 2896
200
1248 425 806 895
215
638 1059
200
925
Starvation Cap Reductn
Spillback Cap Reductn
Storage Cap Reductn
Reduced v/c Ratio
Intersection Summary
0
0
0
0.09
0
0
0
0.13
0
0
0
0.17
0
0
0
0.07
0
0
0
0.25
0
0
0
0.05
0
0
0
0.10
0
0
0
0.45
0
0
0
0.43
0
0
0
0.08
0
0
0
0.06
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Queues Page 1
D4
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Conditions
2: Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane Timing Plan: AM Peak
Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (veh/h) 33 183 68 332 194 288 19 67 336 215 65 41
Future Volume (veh/h) 33 183 68 332 194 288 19 67 336 215 65 41
Initial Q (Qb), veh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ped-Bike Adj(A_pbT) 1.00 0.94 1.00 0.93 1.00 0.98 1.00 0.98
Parking Bus, Adj 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Work Zone On Approach No No No No
Adj Sat Flow, veh/h/ln 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870
Adj Flow Rate, veh/h 39 218 81 353 206 306 23 80 400 272 82 52
Peak Hour Factor 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.79 0.79 0.79
Percent Heavy Veh, % 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cap, veh/h 49 600 201 439 927 386 34 558 462 308 846 703
Arrive On Green 0.03 0.16 0.16 0.13 0.26 0.26 0.02 0.30 0.30 0.17 0.45 0.45
Sat Flow, veh/h 1781 3714 1245 3456 3554 1479 1781 1870 1549 1781 1870 1555
Grp Volume(v), veh/h 39 198 101 353 206 306 23 80 400 272 82 52
Grp Sat Flow(s),veh/h/ln 1781 1702 1555 1728 1777 1479 1781 1870 1549 1781 1870 1555
Q Serve(g_s), s 2.1 5.0 5.6 9.5 4.4 18.5 1.2 3.0 23.4 14.3 2.4 1.8
Cycle Q Clear(g_c), s 2.1 5.0 5.6 9.5 4.4 18.5 1.2 3.0 23.4 14.3 2.4 1.8
Prop In Lane 1.00 0.80 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Lane Grp Cap(c), veh/h 49 550 251 439 927 386 34 558 462 308 846 703
V/C Ratio(X) 0.79 0.36 0.40 0.80 0.22 0.79 0.68 0.14 0.87 0.88 0.10 0.07
Avail Cap(c_a), veh/h 372 1422 649 1804 2598 1081 372 703 582 558 898 747
HCM Platoon Ratio 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Upstream Filter(I) 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Uniform Delay (d), s/veh 46.3 35.7 36.0 40.6 27.8 33.0 46.7 24.6 31.8 38.6 15.0 14.9
Incr Delay (d2), s/veh 10.0 0.1 0.4 1.3 0.0 1.4 8.4 0.0 9.3 3.3 0.0 0.0
Initial Q Delay(d3),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
%ile BackOfQ(50%),veh/ln 1.0 2.0 2.1 4.0 1.8 6.5 0.6 1.3 9.6 6.3 1.0 0.6
Unsig. Movement Delay, s/veh
LnGrp Delay(d),s/veh 56.3 35.9 36.4 42.0 27.8 34.4 55.0 24.7 41.1 41.9 15.0 14.9
LnGrp LOS E D D D C C E C D D B B
Approach Vol, veh/h 338 865 503 406
Approach Delay, s/veh 38.4 35.9 39.1 33.0
Approach LOS D D D C
Timer - Assigned Phs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Phs Duration (G+Y+Rc), s 17.7 21.5 7.3 49.3 8.2 31.0 22.1 34.5
Change Period (Y+Rc), s 5.5 6.0 5.5 6.0 5.5 6.0 5.5 6.0
Max Green Setting (Gmax), s 50.0 40.0 20.0 46.0 20.0 70.0 30.0 36.0
Max Q Clear Time (g_c+I1), s 11.5 7.6 3.2 4.4 4.1 20.5 16.3 25.4
Green Ext Time (p_c), s 0.7 1.3 0.0 0.4 0.0 1.5 0.3 0.8
Intersection Summary
HCM 6th Ctrl Delay 36.5
HCM 6th LOS D
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
HCM 6th Signalized Intersection Summary Page 1
D5
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Conditions
3: Carlsbad Blvd & Avenida Encinas Timing Plan: AM Peak
Lane Group WBL NBT NBR SBL SBT
Lane Group Flow (vph)
v/c Ratio
Control Delay
Queue Delay
112
0.14
9.6
0.0
210
0.13
12.8
0.0
102
0.10
0.9
0.0
18
0.04
16.9
0.0
527
0.30
9.4
0.0
Total Delay
Queue Length 50th (ft)
9.6
6
12.8
9
0.9
0
16.9
2
9.4
25
Queue Length 95th (ft)
Internal Link Dist (ft)
24
365
69
268
10 24 120
492
Turn Bay Length (ft)
Base Capacity (vph)
180
3013 3316 1456 828 3537
Starvation Cap Reductn
Spillback Cap Reductn
Storage Cap Reductn
Reduced v/c Ratio
Intersection Summary
0
0
0
0.04
0
0
0
0.06
0
0
0
0.07
0
0
0
0.02
0
0
0
0.15
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Queues Page 2
D6
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Conditions
3: Carlsbad Blvd & Avenida Encinas Timing Plan: AM Peak
Movement WBL WBR NBT NBR SBL SBT
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (veh/h) 99 6 195 95 16 480
Future Volume (veh/h) 99 6 195 95 16 480
Initial Q (Qb), veh 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ped-Bike Adj(A_pbT) 1.00 1.00 0.95 1.00
Parking Bus, Adj 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Work Zone On Approach No No No
Adj Sat Flow, veh/h/ln 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870
Adj Flow Rate, veh/h 112 0 210 102 18 527
Peak Hour Factor 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.91 0.91
Percent Heavy Veh, % 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cap, veh/h 284 126 1141 608 66 1901
Arrive On Green 0.08 0.00 0.32 0.32 0.04 0.53
Sat Flow, veh/h 3563 1585 3647 1499 1781 3647
Grp Volume(v), veh/h 112 0 210 102 18 527
Grp Sat Flow(s),veh/h/ln 1781 1585 1777 1499 1781 1777
Q Serve(g_s), s 0.9 0.0 1.3 1.4 0.3 2.5
Cycle Q Clear(g_c), s 0.9 0.0 1.3 1.4 0.3 2.5
Prop In Lane 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Lane Grp Cap(c), veh/h 284 126 1141 608 66 1901
V/C Ratio(X) 0.39 0.00 0.18 0.17 0.27 0.28
Avail Cap(c_a), veh/h 3433 1527 5136 2292 858 7476
HCM Platoon Ratio 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Upstream Filter(I) 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Uniform Delay (d), s/veh 13.6 0.0 7.6 6.0 14.6 4.0
Incr Delay (d2), s/veh 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.0
Initial Q Delay(d3),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
%ile BackOfQ(50%),veh/ln 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1
Unsig. Movement Delay, s/veh
LnGrp Delay(d),s/veh 13.9 0.0 7.7 6.0 15.4 4.0
LnGrp LOS B A A A B A
Approach Vol, veh/h 112 312 545
Approach Delay, s/veh 13.9 7.1 4.4
Approach LOS B A A
Timer - Assigned Phs 1 2 4 6
Phs Duration (G+Y+Rc), s 6.7 16.5 8.0 23.2
Change Period (Y+Rc), s 5.5 6.5 5.5 6.5
Max Green Setting (Gmax), s 15.0 45.0 30.0 65.5
Max Q Clear Time (g_c+I1), s 2.3 3.4 2.9 4.5
Green Ext Time (p_c), s 0.0 0.9 0.2 2.0
Intersection Summary
HCM 6th Ctrl Delay 6.4
HCM 6th LOS A
Notes
User approved volume balancing among the lanes for turning movement.
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
HCM 6th Signalized Intersection Summary Page 2
D7
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Conditions
4: Avenida Encinas & Lakeshore Gardens Drwy/Shopping Plaza Drwy Timing Plan: AM Peak
Lane Group EBT WBT WBR NBT SBL SBT
Lane Group Flow (vph)
v/c Ratio
Control Delay
Queue Delay
84
0.12
11.9
0.0
17
0.04
14.4
0.0
143
0.28
5.5
0.0
225
0.17
14.2
0.0
117
0.31
18.1
0.0
160
0.07
4.8
0.0
Total Delay
Queue Length 50th (ft)
11.9
6
14.4
3
5.5
0
14.2
24
18.1
25
4.8
8
Queue Length 95th (ft)
Internal Link Dist (ft)
15
214
15
146
32 35
758
59 16
483
Turn Bay Length (ft)
Base Capacity (vph) 2480 1440 1427 3244
310
1318 3458
Starvation Cap Reductn
Spillback Cap Reductn
Storage Cap Reductn
Reduced v/c Ratio
Intersection Summary
0
0
0
0.03
0
0
0
0.01
0
0
0
0.10
0
0
0
0.07
0
0
0
0.09
0
0
0
0.05
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Queues Page 3
D8
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Conditions
4: Avenida Encinas & Lakeshore Gardens Drwy/Shopping Plaza Drwy Timing Plan: AM Peak
Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (veh/h) 35 9 15 6 9 126 0 147 8 102 121 18
Future Volume (veh/h) 35 9 15 6 9 126 0 147 8 102 121 18
Initial Q (Qb), veh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ped-Bike Adj(A_pbT) 1.00 0.99 0.99 0.99 1.00 0.98 1.00 0.98
Parking Bus, Adj 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Work Zone On Approach No No No No
Adj Sat Flow, veh/h/ln 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870
Adj Flow Rate, veh/h 50 13 21 7 10 143 0 213 12 117 139 21
Peak Hour Factor 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.87 0.87 0.87
Percent Heavy Veh, % 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cap, veh/h 500 158 255 261 319 426 4 662 37 256 1425 211
Arrive On Green 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.27 0.00 0.19 0.19 0.14 0.46 0.46
Sat Flow, veh/h 1198 584 943 505 1180 1576 1781 3416 191 1781 3096 458
Grp Volume(v), veh/h 50 0 34 17 0 143 0 110 115 117 79 81
Grp Sat Flow(s),veh/h/ln 1198 0 1526 1685 0 1576 1781 1777 1831 1781 1777 1778
Q Serve(g_s), s 1.3 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0 3.0 0.0 2.2 2.2 2.5 1.0 1.1
Cycle Q Clear(g_c), s 1.5 0.0 0.7 0.3 0.0 3.0 0.0 2.2 2.2 2.5 1.0 1.1
Prop In Lane 1.00 0.62 0.41 1.00 1.00 0.10 1.00 0.26
Lane Grp Cap(c), veh/h 500 0 413 580 0 426 4 344 355 256 818 818
V/C Ratio(X) 0.10 0.00 0.08 0.03 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.32 0.32 0.46 0.10 0.10
Avail Cap(c_a), veh/h 1342 0 1458 1693 0 1506 873 1741 1793 1309 2176 2177
HCM Platoon Ratio 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Upstream Filter(I) 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Uniform Delay (d), s/veh 11.5 0.0 11.1 11.0 0.0 12.0 0.0 14.1 14.2 16.0 6.2 6.2
Incr Delay (d2), s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 0.8 0.7 0.5 0.1 0.1
Initial Q Delay(d3),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
%ile BackOfQ(50%),veh/ln 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.9 0.0 0.8 0.8 0.9 0.3 0.3
Unsig. Movement Delay, s/veh
LnGrp Delay(d),s/veh 11.6 0.0 11.1 11.0 0.0 12.1 0.0 14.9 14.9 16.5 6.3 6.3
LnGrp LOS B A B B A B A B B B A A
Approach Vol, veh/h 84 160 225 277
Approach Delay, s/veh 11.4 12.0 14.9 10.6
Approach LOS B B B B
Timer - Assigned Phs 1 2 4 5 6 8
Phs Duration (G+Y+Rc), s 0.0 24.8 16.0 10.9 13.9 16.0
Change Period (Y+Rc), s 5.0 6.0 5.0 5.0 6.0 5.0
Max Green Setting (Gmax), s 20.0 50.0 39.0 30.0 40.0 39.0
Max Q Clear Time (g_c+I1), s 0.0 3.1 5.0 4.5 4.2 3.5
Green Ext Time (p_c), s 0.0 1.4 0.3 0.1 1.9 0.3
Intersection Summary
HCM 6th Ctrl Delay 12.3
HCM 6th LOS B
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
HCM 6th Signalized Intersection Summary Page 3
D9
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Conditions
1: Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road Timing Plan: PM Peak
Lane Group EBL EBT WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Group Flow (vph)
v/c Ratio
Control Delay
Queue Delay
81
0.48
59.6
0.0
334
0.73
47.6
0.0
203
0.67
54.5
0.0
386
0.59
34.4
0.0
305
0.43
7.8
0.0
90
0.21
36.6
0.0
315
0.69
46.6
0.0
432
0.61
7.8
0.0
146
0.61
56.5
0.0
151
0.61
56.2
0.0
63
0.22
10.8
0.0
Total Delay
Queue Length 50th (ft)
59.6
52
47.6
202
54.5
127
34.4
216
7.8
20
36.6
47
46.6
186
7.8
0
56.5
96
56.2
100
10.8
0
Queue Length 95th (ft)
Internal Link Dist (ft)
121 363
637
250 383
307
98 91 280
850
9 192 197
909
32
Turn Bay Length (ft)
Base Capacity (vph)
90
455 849
180
455 869 860
100
565 594
400
791
250
779 804
550
757
Starvation Cap Reductn
Spillback Cap Reductn
Storage Cap Reductn
Reduced v/c Ratio
Intersection Summary
0
0
0
0.18
0
0
0
0.39
0
0
0
0.45
0
0
0
0.44
0
0
0
0.35
0
0
0
0.16
0
0
0
0.53
0
0
0
0.55
0
0
0
0.19
0
0
0
0.19
0
0
0
0.08
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Queues Page 3
D10
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Conditions
1: Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road Timing Plan: PM Peak
Lane Group EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (vph) 76 280 34 191 363 287 66 230 315 178 80 55
Future Volume (vph) 76 280 34 191 363 287 66 230 315 178 80 55
Ideal Flow (vphpl) 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900
Storage Length (ft) 90 0 180 0 100 400 250 550
Storage Lanes 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
Taper Length (ft) 25 25 25 25
Satd. Flow (prot) 1770 1827 0 1770 1863 1583 1770 1863 1583 1681 1736 1583
Flt Permitted 0.950 0.950 0.950 0.950 0.981
Satd. Flow (perm) 1770 1827 0 1766 1863 1545 1770 1863 1559 1678 1735 1550
Right Turn on Red Yes Yes Yes Yes
Satd. Flow (RTOR) 4 262 432 72
Link Speed (mph) 35 35 40 35
Link Distance (ft) 717 387 930 989
Travel Time (s) 14.0 7.5 15.9 19.3
Confl. Peds. (#/hr) 1 1 2 2
Confl. Bikes (#/hr) 4 3 1
Peak Hour Factor 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.87 0.87 0.87
Shared Lane Traffic (%) 29%
Lane Group Flow (vph) 81 334 0 203 386 305 90 315 432 146 151 63
Turn Type Prot NA Prot NA Perm Split NA Perm Split NA Perm
Protected Phases 5 2 1 6 8 8 7 7
Permitted Phases 6 8 7
Detector Phase 5 2 1 6 6 8 8 8 7 7 7
Switch Phase
Minimum Initial (s) 4.0 8.0 4.0 8.0 8.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0
Minimum Split (s) 8.2 32.0 8.2 13.0 13.0 35.6 35.6 35.6 24.6 24.6 24.6
Total Split (s) 29.2 50.0 29.2 50.0 50.0 35.6 35.6 35.6 49.6 49.6 49.6
Total Split (%) 17.8% 30.4% 17.8% 30.4% 30.4% 21.7% 21.7% 21.7% 30.2% 30.2% 30.2%
Maximum Green (s) 25.0 45.0 25.0 45.0 45.0 31.0 31.0 31.0 45.0 45.0 45.0
Yellow Time (s) 3.2 4.0 3.2 4.0 4.0 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6
All-Red Time (s) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Lost Time Adjust (s) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Lost Time (s) 4.2 5.0 4.2 5.0 5.0 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6
Lead/Lag Lead Lag Lead Lag Lag Lag Lag Lag Lead Lead Lead
Lead-Lag Optimize? Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Vehicle Extension (s) 2.0 3.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
Recall Mode None Min None Min Min None None None None None None
Walk Time (s) 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0
Flash Dont Walk (s) 20.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 13.0 13.0 13.0
Pedestrian Calls (#/hr) 1 2 2 2 0 0 0
Act Effct Green (s) 9.9 25.5 17.7 36.3 36.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 14.7 14.7 14.7
Actuated g/C Ratio 0.10 0.25 0.17 0.35 0.35 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.14 0.14 0.14
v/c Ratio 0.48 0.73 0.67 0.59 0.43 0.21 0.69 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.22
Control Delay 59.6 47.6 54.5 34.4 7.8 36.6 46.6 7.8 56.5 56.2 10.8
Queue Delay 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Delay 59.6 47.6 54.5 34.4 7.8 36.6 46.6 7.8 56.5 56.2 10.8
LOS E D D C A D D A E E B
Approach Delay 49.9 29.9 25.5 48.4
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Lanes, Volumes, Timings Page 1
D11
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Conditions
1: Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road Timing Plan: PM Peak
Lane Group EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Approach LOS D C C D
Intersection Summary
Area Type: Other
Cycle Length: 164.4
Actuated Cycle Length: 102.7
Natural Cycle: 105
Control Type: Actuated-Uncoordinated
Maximum v/c Ratio: 0.73
Intersection Signal Delay: 34.4 Intersection LOS: C
Intersection Capacity Utilization 62.9% ICU Level of Service B
Analysis Period (min) 15
Splits and Phases: 1: Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Lanes, Volumes, Timings Page 2
D12
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Conditions
2: Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane Timing Plan: PM Peak
Lane Group EBL EBT WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Group Flow (vph)
v/c Ratio
Control Delay
Queue Delay
59
0.41
69.1
0.0
332
0.33
35.0
0.0
480
0.71
52.5
0.0
285
0.23
30.2
0.0
329
0.46
5.9
0.0
34
0.30
69.5
0.0
104
0.36
49.6
0.0
484
0.75
11.9
0.0
267
0.69
56.6
0.0
127
0.19
30.2
0.0
52
0.08
0.2
0.0
Total Delay
Queue Length 50th (ft)
69.1
45
35.0
61
52.5
179
30.2
75
5.9
0
69.5
26
49.6
79
11.9
0
56.6
188
30.2
78
0.2
0
Queue Length 95th (ft)
Internal Link Dist (ft)
94 102
1109
295 148
1337
73 72 142
556
104 320 123
1079
0
Turn Bay Length (ft)
Base Capacity (vph)
225
354 1953
230
1718 2434
200
1102 354 671 859
215
531 910
200
820
Starvation Cap Reductn
Spillback Cap Reductn
Storage Cap Reductn
Reduced v/c Ratio
Intersection Summary
0
0
0
0.17
0
0
0
0.17
0
0
0
0.28
0
0
0
0.12
0
0
0
0.30
0
0
0
0.10
0
0
0
0.15
0
0
0
0.56
0
0
0
0.50
0
0
0
0.14
0
0
0
0.06
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Queues Page 1
D13
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Conditions
2: Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane Timing Plan: PM Peak
Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (veh/h) 47 187 78 442 262 303 33 100 465 216 103 42
Future Volume (veh/h) 47 187 78 442 262 303 33 100 465 216 103 42
Initial Q (Qb), veh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ped-Bike Adj(A_pbT) 1.00 0.94 1.00 0.93 1.00 0.97 1.00 0.99
Parking Bus, Adj 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Work Zone On Approach No No No No
Adj Sat Flow, veh/h/ln 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870
Adj Flow Rate, veh/h 59 234 98 480 285 329 34 104 484 267 127 52
Peak Hour Factor 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.81 0.81 0.81
Percent Heavy Veh, % 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cap, veh/h 76 546 205 556 960 398 43 593 489 298 861 722
Arrive On Green 0.04 0.15 0.15 0.16 0.27 0.27 0.02 0.32 0.32 0.17 0.46 0.46
Sat Flow, veh/h 1781 3588 1350 3456 3554 1472 1781 1870 1541 1781 1870 1569
Grp Volume(v), veh/h 59 221 111 480 285 329 34 104 484 267 127 52
Grp Sat Flow(s),veh/h/ln 1781 1702 1534 1728 1777 1472 1781 1870 1541 1781 1870 1569
Q Serve(g_s), s 3.7 6.7 7.5 15.4 7.2 23.8 2.2 4.6 35.5 16.7 4.5 2.1
Cycle Q Clear(g_c), s 3.7 6.7 7.5 15.4 7.2 23.8 2.2 4.6 35.5 16.7 4.5 2.1
Prop In Lane 1.00 0.88 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Lane Grp Cap(c), veh/h 76 518 233 556 960 398 43 593 489 298 861 722
V/C Ratio(X) 0.77 0.43 0.48 0.86 0.30 0.83 0.79 0.18 0.99 0.90 0.15 0.07
Avail Cap(c_a), veh/h 314 1200 541 1523 2192 908 314 593 489 471 861 722
HCM Platoon Ratio 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Upstream Filter(I) 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Uniform Delay (d), s/veh 53.8 43.6 44.0 46.4 32.9 38.9 55.1 28.0 38.6 46.3 17.7 17.1
Incr Delay (d2), s/veh 6.1 0.2 0.6 1.6 0.1 1.7 11.2 0.1 37.9 9.0 0.0 0.0
Initial Q Delay(d3),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
%ile BackOfQ(50%),veh/ln 1.8 2.8 2.9 6.6 3.1 8.6 1.1 2.0 18.1 8.0 1.9 0.7
Unsig. Movement Delay, s/veh
LnGrp Delay(d),s/veh 59.8 43.8 44.6 48.0 32.9 40.6 66.3 28.1 76.4 55.3 17.8 17.1
LnGrp LOS E D D D C D E C E E B B
Approach Vol, veh/h 391 1094 622 446
Approach Delay, s/veh 46.4 41.8 67.8 40.2
Approach LOS D D E D
Timer - Assigned Phs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Phs Duration (G+Y+Rc), s 23.8 23.3 8.2 58.2 10.4 36.7 24.5 42.0
Change Period (Y+Rc), s 5.5 6.0 5.5 6.0 5.5 6.0 5.5 6.0
Max Green Setting (Gmax), s 50.0 40.0 20.0 46.0 20.0 70.0 30.0 36.0
Max Q Clear Time (g_c+I1), s 17.4 9.5 4.2 6.5 5.7 25.8 18.7 37.5
Green Ext Time (p_c), s 0.9 1.4 0.0 0.5 0.0 1.9 0.3 0.0
Intersection Summary
HCM 6th Ctrl Delay 48.6
HCM 6th LOS D
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
HCM 6th Signalized Intersection Summary Page 1
D14
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Conditions
3: Carlsbad Blvd & Avenida Encinas Timing Plan: PM Peak
Lane Group WBL NBT NBR SBL SBT
Lane Group Flow (vph)
v/c Ratio
Control Delay
Queue Delay
160
0.20
13.1
0.0
661
0.50
12.9
0.0
198
0.19
0.8
0.0
15
0.04
22.4
0.0
465
0.32
8.8
0.0
Total Delay
Queue Length 50th (ft)
13.1
9
12.9
35
0.8
0
22.4
2
8.8
23
Queue Length 95th (ft)
Internal Link Dist (ft)
47
331
197
268
11 26 100
405
Turn Bay Length (ft)
Base Capacity (vph)
180
2868 3208 1462 796 3380
Starvation Cap Reductn
Spillback Cap Reductn
Storage Cap Reductn
Reduced v/c Ratio
Intersection Summary
0
0
0
0.06
0
0
0
0.21
0
0
0
0.14
0
0
0
0.02
0
0
0
0.14
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Queues Page 2
D15
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Conditions
3: Carlsbad Blvd & Avenida Encinas Timing Plan: PM Peak
Movement WBL WBR NBT NBR SBL SBT
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (veh/h) 136 14 588 176 14 428
Future Volume (veh/h) 136 14 588 176 14 428
Initial Q (Qb), veh 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ped-Bike Adj(A_pbT) 1.00 1.00 0.96 1.00
Parking Bus, Adj 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Work Zone On Approach No No No
Adj Sat Flow, veh/h/ln 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870
Adj Flow Rate, veh/h 159 0 661 198 15 465
Peak Hour Factor 0.94 0.94 0.89 0.89 0.92 0.92
Percent Heavy Veh, % 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cap, veh/h 339 151 1141 640 56 1869
Arrive On Green 0.10 0.00 0.32 0.32 0.03 0.53
Sat Flow, veh/h 3563 1585 3647 1523 1781 3647
Grp Volume(v), veh/h 159 0 661 198 15 465
Grp Sat Flow(s),veh/h/ln 1781 1585 1777 1523 1781 1777
Q Serve(g_s), s 1.3 0.0 4.9 2.8 0.3 2.3
Cycle Q Clear(g_c), s 1.3 0.0 4.9 2.8 0.3 2.3
Prop In Lane 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Lane Grp Cap(c), veh/h 339 151 1141 640 56 1869
V/C Ratio(X) 0.47 0.00 0.58 0.31 0.27 0.25
Avail Cap(c_a), veh/h 3375 1501 5049 2315 844 7349
HCM Platoon Ratio 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Upstream Filter(I) 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Uniform Delay (d), s/veh 13.6 0.0 9.0 6.2 15.0 4.1
Incr Delay (d2), s/veh 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.1 1.0 0.0
Initial Q Delay(d3),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
%ile BackOfQ(50%),veh/ln 0.4 0.0 0.9 0.5 0.1 0.1
Unsig. Movement Delay, s/veh
LnGrp Delay(d),s/veh 13.9 0.0 9.1 6.3 15.9 4.1
LnGrp LOS B A A A B A
Approach Vol, veh/h 159 859 480
Approach Delay, s/veh 13.9 8.5 4.5
Approach LOS B A A
Timer - Assigned Phs 1 2 4 6
Phs Duration (G+Y+Rc), s 6.5 16.7 8.5 23.2
Change Period (Y+Rc), s 5.5 6.5 5.5 6.5
Max Green Setting (Gmax), s 15.0 45.0 30.0 65.5
Max Q Clear Time (g_c+I1), s 2.3 6.9 3.3 4.3
Green Ext Time (p_c), s 0.0 3.0 0.3 1.8
Intersection Summary
HCM 6th Ctrl Delay 7.8
HCM 6th LOS A
Notes
User approved volume balancing among the lanes for turning movement.
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
HCM 6th Signalized Intersection Summary Page 2
D16
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Conditions
4: Avenida Encinas & Lakeshore Gardens Drwy/Shopping Plaza Drwy Timing Plan: PM Peak
Lane Group EBT WBT WBR NBL NBT SBL SBT
Lane Group Flow (vph)
v/c Ratio
Control Delay
Queue Delay
60
0.07
13.8
0.0
64
0.14
16.5
0.0
263
0.42
4.8
0.0
14
0.07
30.5
0.0
223
0.27
19.0
0.0
147
0.40
27.0
0.0
203
0.13
9.9
0.0
Total Delay
Queue Length 50th (ft)
13.8
5
16.5
13
4.8
0
30.5
3
19.0
23
27.0
33
9.9
10
Queue Length 95th (ft)
Internal Link Dist (ft)
22
44
49
146
40 28 86
758
142 63
484
Turn Bay Length (ft)
Base Capacity (vph) 2293 1265 1314
155
807 2891
310
1194 3112
Starvation Cap Reductn
Spillback Cap Reductn
Storage Cap Reductn
Reduced v/c Ratio
Intersection Summary
0
0
0
0.03
0
0
0
0.05
0
0
0
0.20
0
0
0
0.02
0
0
0
0.08
0
0
0
0.12
0
0
0
0.07
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Queues Page 3
D17
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Conditions
4: Avenida Encinas & Lakeshore Gardens Drwy/Shopping Plaza Drwy Timing Plan: PM Peak
Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (veh/h) 32 13 8 32 23 226 13 181 24 131 151 29
Future Volume (veh/h) 32 13 8 32 23 226 13 181 24 131 151 29
Initial Q (Qb), veh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ped-Bike Adj(A_pbT) 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 1.00 0.96 1.00 0.99
Parking Bus, Adj 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Work Zone On Approach No No No No
Adj Sat Flow, veh/h/ln 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870
Adj Flow Rate, veh/h 36 15 9 37 27 263 14 197 26 147 170 33
Peak Hour Factor 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.89 0.89 0.89
Percent Heavy Veh, % 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cap, veh/h 468 303 182 373 240 478 32 552 72 272 923 175
Arrive On Green 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.02 0.18 0.18 0.15 0.31 0.31
Sat Flow, veh/h 995 992 595 797 786 1569 1781 3145 408 1781 2976 565
Grp Volume(v), veh/h 36 0 24 64 0 263 14 110 113 147 100 103
Grp Sat Flow(s),veh/h/ln 995 0 1588 1583 0 1569 1781 1777 1776 1781 1777 1765
Q Serve(g_s), s 1.1 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 6.1 0.3 2.4 2.4 3.3 1.8 1.9
Cycle Q Clear(g_c), s 2.2 0.0 0.5 1.1 0.0 6.1 0.3 2.4 2.4 3.3 1.8 1.9
Prop In Lane 1.00 0.38 0.58 1.00 1.00 0.23 1.00 0.32
Lane Grp Cap(c), veh/h 468 0 484 613 0 478 32 312 312 272 551 548
V/C Ratio(X) 0.08 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.00 0.55 0.44 0.35 0.36 0.54 0.18 0.19
Avail Cap(c_a), veh/h 1107 0 1421 1525 0 1404 817 1630 1630 1226 2038 2024
HCM Platoon Ratio 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Upstream Filter(I) 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Uniform Delay (d), s/veh 11.7 0.0 10.7 10.9 0.0 12.7 21.2 15.8 15.8 17.1 11.0 11.0
Incr Delay (d2), s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 3.5 1.0 1.0 0.6 0.2 0.2
Initial Q Delay(d3),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
%ile BackOfQ(50%),veh/ln 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.0 1.8 0.2 0.9 0.9 1.2 0.6 0.6
Unsig. Movement Delay, s/veh
LnGrp Delay(d),s/veh 11.7 0.0 10.7 10.9 0.0 13.0 24.7 16.8 16.8 17.7 11.2 11.2
LnGrp LOS B A B B A B C B B B B B
Approach Vol, veh/h 60 327 237 350
Approach Delay, s/veh 11.3 12.6 17.3 13.9
Approach LOS B B B B
Timer - Assigned Phs 1 2 4 5 6 8
Phs Duration (G+Y+Rc), s 5.8 19.5 18.3 11.7 13.7 18.3
Change Period (Y+Rc), s 5.0 6.0 5.0 5.0 6.0 5.0
Max Green Setting (Gmax), s 20.0 50.0 39.0 30.0 40.0 39.0
Max Q Clear Time (g_c+I1), s 2.3 3.9 8.1 5.3 4.4 4.2
Green Ext Time (p_c), s 0.0 1.8 0.7 0.2 1.9 0.2
Intersection Summary
HCM 6th Ctrl Delay 14.1
HCM 6th LOS B
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
HCM 6th Signalized Intersection Summary Page 3
D18
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
1: Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road Timing Plan: AM Peak
Lane Group EBL EBT WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Group Flow (vph) 32 404 370 164 233 44 98 230 85 146 30
v/c Ratio 0.27 0.78 0.80 0.17 0.25 0.20 0.42 0.58 0.37 0.61 0.11
Control Delay 57.6 45.2 52.3 17.1 3.5 43.9 48.1 12.0 48.3 55.1 0.8
Queue Delay 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Delay 57.6 45.2 52.3 17.1 3.5 43.9 48.1 12.0 48.3 55.1 0.8
Queue Length 50th (ft) 19 216 205 53 0 24 56 0 48 87 0
Queue Length 95th (ft) 63 422 #569 137 42 47 89 0 121 191 0
Internal Link Dist (ft) 637 265 850 909
Turn Bay Length (ft) 90 180 100 400 250 550
Base Capacity (vph) 462 847 462 978 923 573 603 658 790 829 753
Starvation Cap Reductn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Spillback Cap Reductn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Storage Cap Reductn 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Reduced v/c Ratio 0.07 0.48 0.80 0.17 0.25 0.08 0.16 0.35 0.11 0.18 0.04
Intersection Summary
# 95th percentile volume exceeds capacity, queue may be longer.
Queue shown is maximum after two cycles.
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Queues Page 3
D19
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
1: Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road Timing Plan: AM Peak
Lane Group EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (vph) 28 277 75 318 141 200 28 63 147 78 114 25
Future Volume (vph) 28 277 75 318 141 200 28 63 147 78 114 25
Ideal Flow (vphpl) 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900
Storage Length (ft) 90 0 180 0 100 400 250 550
Storage Lanes 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
Taper Length (ft) 25 25 25 25
Satd. Flow (prot) 1770 1791 0 1770 1863 1583 1770 1863 1583 1681 1764 1583
Flt Permitted 0.950 0.950 0.950 0.950 0.997
Satd. Flow (perm) 1765 1791 0 1757 1863 1549 1770 1863 1552 1681 1764 1520
Right Turn on Red Yes Yes Yes Yes
Satd. Flow (RTOR) 8 233 230 72
Link Speed (mph) 35 35 40 35
Link Distance (ft) 717 345 930 989
Travel Time (s) 14.0 6.7 15.9 19.3
Confl. Peds. (#/hr) 1 4 4 1 5 5
Peak Hour Factor 0.87 0.87 0.87 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.64 0.64 0.64 0.83 0.83 0.83
Shared Lane Traffic (%) 10%
Lane Group Flow (vph) 32 404 0 370 164 233 44 98 230 85 146 30
Turn Type Prot NA Prot NA Perm Split NA Perm Split NA Perm
Protected Phases 5 2 1 6 8 8 7 7
Permitted Phases 6 8 7
Detector Phase 5 2 1 6 6 8 8 8 7 7 7
Switch Phase
Minimum Initial (s) 4.0 8.0 4.0 8.0 8.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0
Minimum Split (s) 8.2 32.0 8.2 13.0 13.0 35.6 35.6 35.6 24.6 24.6 24.6
Total Split (s) 29.2 50.0 29.2 50.0 50.0 35.6 35.6 35.6 49.6 49.6 49.6
Total Split (%) 17.8% 30.4% 17.8% 30.4% 30.4% 21.7% 21.7% 21.7% 30.2% 30.2% 30.2%
Maximum Green (s) 25.0 45.0 25.0 45.0 45.0 31.0 31.0 31.0 45.0 45.0 45.0
Yellow Time (s) 3.2 4.0 3.2 4.0 4.0 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6
All-Red Time (s) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Lost Time Adjust (s) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Lost Time (s) 4.2 5.0 4.2 5.0 5.0 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6
Lead/Lag Lead Lag Lead Lag Lag Lag Lag Lag Lead Lead Lead
Lead-Lag Optimize? Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Vehicle Extension (s) 2.0 3.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
Recall Mode None Min None Min Min None None None None None None
Walk Time (s) 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0
Flash Dont Walk (s) 20.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 13.0 13.0 13.0
Pedestrian Calls (#/hr) 4 5 5 5 0 0 0
Act Effct Green (s) 6.6 28.4 26.1 52.5 52.5 12.5 12.5 12.5 13.7 13.7 13.7
Actuated g/C Ratio 0.07 0.28 0.26 0.52 0.52 0.12 0.12 0.12 0.14 0.14 0.14
v/c Ratio 0.27 0.78 0.80 0.17 0.25 0.20 0.42 0.58 0.37 0.61 0.11
Control Delay 57.6 45.2 52.3 17.1 3.5 43.9 48.1 12.0 48.3 55.1 0.8
Queue Delay 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Delay 57.6 45.2 52.3 17.1 3.5 43.9 48.1 12.0 48.3 55.1 0.8
LOS
Approach Delay
Approach LOS
E D
46.1
D
D B
29.9
C
A D D
25.3
C
B D E
46.7
D
A
STC::MB
Lanes, Volumes, Timings
Synchro 11 Report
Page 1
D20
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
1: Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road Timing Plan: AM Peak
Intersection Summary
Area Type: Other
Cycle Length: 164.4
Actuated Cycle Length: 100
Natural Cycle: 115
Control Type: Actuated-Uncoordinated
Maximum v/c Ratio: 0.80
Intersection Signal Delay: 35.2 Intersection LOS: D
Intersection Capacity Utilization 61.3% ICU Level of Service B
Analysis Period (min) 15
Splits and Phases: 1: Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Lanes, Volumes, Timings Page 2
D21
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
2: Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane Timing Plan: AM Peak
Lane Group EBL EBT WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Group Flow (vph)
v/c Ratio
Control Delay
Queue Delay
39
0.27
54.0
0.0
299
0.31
29.0
0.0
353
0.59
42.6
0.0
206
0.16
25.6
0.0
306
0.49
7.7
0.0
23
0.18
54.6
0.0
80
0.31
42.3
0.0
400
0.66
10.6
0.0
272
0.61
41.5
0.0
82
0.12
22.8
0.0
52
0.08
0.2
0.0
Total Delay
Queue Length 50th (ft)
54.0
18
29.0
41
42.6
81
25.6
43
7.7
0
54.6
11
42.3
37
10.6
0
41.5
112
22.8
21
0.2
0
Queue Length 95th (ft)
Internal Link Dist (ft)
71 93
1109
218 108
1337
83 49 100
234
62 300 75
1079
0
Turn Bay Length (ft)
Base Capacity (vph)
225
452 2499
230
2192 2896
200
795
205
452 856
205
1155
215
678 1123
230
976
Starvation Cap Reductn
Spillback Cap Reductn
Storage Cap Reductn
Reduced v/c Ratio
Intersection Summary
0
0
0
0.09
0
0
0
0.12
0
0
0
0.16
0
0
0
0.07
0
0
0
0.38
0
0
0
0.05
0
0
0
0.09
0
0
0
0.35
0
0
0
0.40
0
0
0
0.07
0
0
0
0.05
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Queues Page 1
D22
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
2: Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane Timing Plan: AM Peak
Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (veh/h) 33 183 68 332 194 288 19 67 336 215 65 41
Future Volume (veh/h) 33 183 68 332 194 288 19 67 336 215 65 41
Initial Q (Qb), veh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ped-Bike Adj(A_pbT) 1.00 0.96 1.00 0.96 1.00 0.99 1.00 0.99
Parking Bus, Adj 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Work Zone On Approach No No No No
Adj Sat Flow, veh/h/ln 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870
Adj Flow Rate, veh/h 39 218 81 353 206 306 23 80 400 272 82 52
Peak Hour Factor 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.84 0.84 0.84 0.79 0.79 0.79
Percent Heavy Veh, % 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cap, veh/h 49 628 213 444 957 687 35 512 633 311 802 675
Arrive On Green 0.03 0.17 0.17 0.13 0.27 0.27 0.02 0.27 0.27 0.17 0.43 0.43
Sat Flow, veh/h 1781 3728 1264 3456 3554 1526 1781 1870 1568 1781 1870 1574
Grp Volume(v), veh/h 39 197 102 353 206 306 23 80 400 272 82 52
Grp Sat Flow(s),veh/h/ln 1781 1702 1588 1728 1777 1526 1781 1870 1568 1781 1870 1574
Q Serve(g_s), s 2.0 4.6 5.1 8.9 4.1 12.6 1.2 2.9 18.5 13.4 2.4 1.8
Cycle Q Clear(g_c), s 2.0 4.6 5.1 8.9 4.1 12.6 1.2 2.9 18.5 13.4 2.4 1.8
Prop In Lane 1.00 0.80 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Lane Grp Cap(c), veh/h 49 573 267 444 957 687 35 512 633 311 802 675
V/C Ratio(X) 0.79 0.34 0.38 0.79 0.22 0.45 0.66 0.16 0.63 0.88 0.10 0.08
Avail Cap(c_a), veh/h 395 1510 704 1916 2758 1461 395 746 829 592 954 803
HCM Platoon Ratio 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Upstream Filter(I) 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Uniform Delay (d), s/veh 43.6 33.1 33.3 38.1 25.6 17.5 43.9 24.9 21.6 36.3 15.4 15.2
Incr Delay (d2), s/veh 10.1 0.1 0.3 1.2 0.0 0.2 7.9 0.1 0.4 3.1 0.0 0.0
Initial Q Delay(d3),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
%ile BackOfQ(50%),veh/ln 1.0 1.9 2.0 3.8 1.7 4.2 0.6 1.3 6.4 5.9 1.0 0.6
Unsig. Movement Delay, s/veh
LnGrp Delay(d),s/veh 53.7 33.2 33.7 39.4 25.6 17.6 51.8 24.9 22.0 39.4 15.4 15.2
LnGrp LOS D C C D C B D C C D B B
Approach Vol, veh/h 338 865 503 406
Approach Delay, s/veh 35.7 28.4 23.8 31.4
Approach LOS D C C C
Timer - Assigned Phs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Phs Duration (G+Y+Rc), s 17.1 21.2 7.3 44.7 8.0 30.3 21.2 30.7
Change Period (Y+Rc), s 5.5 6.0 5.5 6.0 5.5 6.0 5.5 6.0
Max Green Setting (Gmax), s 50.0 40.0 20.0 46.0 20.0 70.0 30.0 36.0
Max Q Clear Time (g_c+I1), s 10.9 7.1 3.2 4.4 4.0 14.6 15.4 20.5
Green Ext Time (p_c), s 0.7 1.2 0.0 0.4 0.0 1.4 0.3 0.9
Intersection Summary
HCM 6th Ctrl Delay 29.1
HCM 6th LOS C
Notes
User approved changes to right turn type.
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
HCM 6th Signalized Intersection Summary Page 2
D23
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
3: Carlsbad Blvd & Avenida Encinas Timing Plan: AM Peak
Lane Group WBL NBT NBR SBL SBT
Lane Group Flow (vph)
v/c Ratio
Control Delay
Queue Delay
112
0.18
12.2
0.0
210
0.13
8.8
0.0
102
0.07
1.1
0.0
18
0.04
11.2
0.0
527
0.28
6.0
0.0
Total Delay
Queue Length 50th (ft)
12.2
6
8.8
9
1.1
0
11.2
2
6.0
25
Queue Length 95th (ft)
Internal Link Dist (ft)
27
363
41
268
13 15 47
416
Turn Bay Length (ft)
Base Capacity (vph)
180
3187 3539 1569 873 3539
Starvation Cap Reductn
Spillback Cap Reductn
Storage Cap Reductn
Reduced v/c Ratio
Intersection Summary
0
0
0
0.04
0
0
0
0.06
0
0
0
0.07
0
0
0
0.02
0
0
0
0.15
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Queues Page 3
D24
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
3: Carlsbad Blvd & Avenida Encinas Timing Plan: AM Peak
Movement WBL WBR NBT NBR SBL SBT
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (veh/h) 99 6 195 95 16 480
Future Volume (veh/h) 99 6 195 95 16 480
Initial Q (Qb), veh 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ped-Bike Adj(A_pbT) 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Parking Bus, Adj 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Work Zone On Approach No No No
Adj Sat Flow, veh/h/ln 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870
Adj Flow Rate, veh/h 112 0 210 102 18 527
Peak Hour Factor 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.93 0.91 0.91
Percent Heavy Veh, % 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cap, veh/h 284 126 1141 635 66 1901
Arrive On Green 0.08 0.00 0.32 0.32 0.04 0.53
Sat Flow, veh/h 3563 1585 3647 1585 1781 3647
Grp Volume(v), veh/h 112 0 210 102 18 527
Grp Sat Flow(s),veh/h/ln 1781 1585 1777 1585 1781 1777
Q Serve(g_s), s 0.9 0.0 1.3 1.3 0.3 2.5
Cycle Q Clear(g_c), s 0.9 0.0 1.3 1.3 0.3 2.5
Prop In Lane 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Lane Grp Cap(c), veh/h 284 126 1141 635 66 1901
V/C Ratio(X) 0.39 0.00 0.18 0.16 0.27 0.28
Avail Cap(c_a), veh/h 3433 1527 5136 2417 858 7476
HCM Platoon Ratio 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Upstream Filter(I) 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Uniform Delay (d), s/veh 13.6 0.0 7.6 6.0 14.6 4.0
Incr Delay (d2), s/veh 0.3 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.8 0.0
Initial Q Delay(d3),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
%ile BackOfQ(50%),veh/ln 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.2 0.1 0.1
Unsig. Movement Delay, s/veh
LnGrp Delay(d),s/veh 13.9 0.0 7.7 6.0 15.4 4.0
LnGrp LOS B A A A B A
Approach Vol, veh/h 112 312 545
Approach Delay, s/veh 13.9 7.1 4.4
Approach LOS B A A
Timer - Assigned Phs 1 2 4 6
Phs Duration (G+Y+Rc), s 6.7 16.5 8.0 23.2
Change Period (Y+Rc), s 5.5 6.5 5.5 6.5
Max Green Setting (Gmax), s 15.0 45.0 30.0 65.5
Max Q Clear Time (g_c+I1), s 2.3 3.3 2.9 4.5
Green Ext Time (p_c), s 0.0 0.9 0.2 2.0
Intersection Summary
HCM 6th Ctrl Delay 6.4
HCM 6th LOS A
Notes
User approved volume balancing among the lanes for turning movement.
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
HCM 6th Signalized Intersection Summary Page 4
D25
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
4: Avenida Encinas & Lakeshore Gardens Drwy/Shopping Plaza Drwy Timing Plan: AM Peak
Lane Group EBT WBT WBR NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Group Flow (vph) 84 17 143 213 12 117 139 21
v/c Ratio 0.12 0.04 0.30 0.28 0.02 0.32 0.12 0.02
Control Delay 13.6 16.7 6.2 15.5 0.0 19.9 5.3 0.3
Queue Delay 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Delay
Queue Length 50th (ft)
13.6
6
16.7
4
6.2
0
15.5
47
0.0
0
19.9
28
5.3
16
0.3
0
Queue Length 95th (ft)
Internal Link Dist (ft)
17
44
17
146
35 72
758
0 66 32
484
1
Turn Bay Length (ft)
Base Capacity (vph) 2338 1359 1342 1632
155
1341
300
1251 1847
185
1536
Starvation Cap Reductn
Spillback Cap Reductn
Storage Cap Reductn
Reduced v/c Ratio
Intersection Summary
0
0
0
0.04
0
0
0
0.01
0
0
0
0.11
0
0
0
0.13
0
0
0
0.01
0
0
0
0.09
0
0
0
0.08
0
0
0
0.01
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Queues Page 5
D26
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
4: Avenida Encinas & Lakeshore Gardens Drwy/Shopping Plaza Drwy Timing Plan: AM Peak
Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (veh/h) 35 9 15 6 9 126 0 147 8 102 121 18
Future Volume (veh/h) 35 9 15 6 9 126 0 147 8 102 121 18
Initial Q (Qb), veh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ped-Bike Adj(A_pbT) 0.99 0.99 0.99 0.99 1.00 0.98 1.00 0.99
Parking Bus, Adj 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Work Zone On Approach No No No No
Adj Sat Flow, veh/h/ln 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870
Adj Flow Rate, veh/h 50 13 21 7 10 143 0 213 12 117 139 21
Peak Hour Factor 0.70 0.70 0.70 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.69 0.69 0.69 0.87 0.87 0.87
Percent Heavy Veh, % 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cap, veh/h 487 154 249 254 311 415 4 399 331 252 887 747
Arrive On Green 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.26 0.00 0.21 0.21 0.14 0.47 0.47
Sat Flow, veh/h 1194 582 940 505 1177 1570 1781 1870 1552 1781 1870 1576
Grp Volume(v), veh/h 50 0 34 17 0 143 0 213 12 117 139 21
Grp Sat Flow(s),veh/h/ln 1194 0 1522 1682 0 1570 1781 1870 1552 1781 1870 1576
Q Serve(g_s), s 1.3 0.0 0.7 0.0 0.0 3.1 0.0 4.3 0.3 2.5 1.8 0.3
Cycle Q Clear(g_c), s 1.6 0.0 0.7 0.3 0.0 3.1 0.0 4.3 0.3 2.5 1.8 0.3
Prop In Lane 1.00 0.62 0.41 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Lane Grp Cap(c), veh/h 487 0 403 566 0 415 4 399 331 252 887 747
V/C Ratio(X) 0.10 0.00 0.08 0.03 0.00 0.34 0.00 0.53 0.04 0.46 0.16 0.03
Avail Cap(c_a), veh/h 1298 0 1411 1639 0 1455 847 1778 1475 1270 2222 1872
HCM Platoon Ratio 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Upstream Filter(I) 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Uniform Delay (d), s/veh 12.1 0.0 11.6 11.5 0.0 12.5 0.0 14.7 13.1 16.6 6.3 5.9
Incr Delay (d2), s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.2 0.0 1.6 0.1 0.5 0.1 0.0
Initial Q Delay(d3),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
%ile BackOfQ(50%),veh/ln 0.3 0.0 0.2 0.1 0.0 0.9 0.0 1.6 0.1 0.9 0.5 0.1
Unsig. Movement Delay, s/veh
LnGrp Delay(d),s/veh 12.1 0.0 11.7 11.5 0.0 12.7 0.0 16.3 13.2 17.1 6.4 5.9
LnGrp LOS B A B B A B A B B B A A
Approach Vol, veh/h 84 160 225 277
Approach Delay, s/veh 11.9 12.6 16.1 10.9
Approach LOS B B B B
Timer - Assigned Phs 1 2 4 5 6 8
Phs Duration (G+Y+Rc), s 0.0 26.0 16.1 11.0 15.0 16.1
Change Period (Y+Rc), s 5.0 6.0 5.0 5.0 6.0 5.0
Max Green Setting (Gmax), s 20.0 50.0 39.0 30.0 40.0 39.0
Max Q Clear Time (g_c+I1), s 0.0 3.8 5.1 4.5 6.3 3.6
Green Ext Time (p_c), s 0.0 1.3 0.3 0.1 1.9 0.3
Intersection Summary
HCM 6th Ctrl Delay 12.9
HCM 6th LOS B
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
HCM 6th Signalized Intersection Summary Page 6
D27
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
5: Avenida Encinas & San Carlos Street/Shopping Center Dwy Timing Plan: AM Peak
Lane Group WBT NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Group Flow (vph)
v/c Ratio
Control Delay
Queue Delay
140
0.20
0.6
0.0
378
0.28
6.4
0.0
9
0.01
5.9
0.0
260
0.31
2.8
0.0
280
0.18
2.1
0.0
6
0.00
0.8
0.0
Total Delay
Queue Length 50th (ft)
0.6
0
6.4
69
5.9
1
2.8
18
2.1
20
0.8
0
Queue Length 95th (ft)
Internal Link Dist (ft)
0
77
153
484
8 64 68
240
2
Turn Bay Length (ft)
Base Capacity (vph) 815 1371
175
1114
225
1067 1586
180
1282
Starvation Cap Reductn
Spillback Cap Reductn
Storage Cap Reductn
Reduced v/c Ratio
Intersection Summary
0
0
0
0.17
0
0
0
0.28
0
0
0
0.01
0
0
0
0.24
0
0
0
0.18
0
0
0
0.00
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Queues Page 1
D28
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
5: Avenida Encinas & San Carlos Street/Shopping Center Dwy Timing Plan: AM Peak
Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (veh/h) 0 0 0 0 0 115 0 302 7 226 244 5
Future Volume (veh/h) 0 0 0 0 0 115 0 302 7 226 244 5
Initial Q (Qb), veh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ped-Bike Adj(A_pbT) 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 0.99
Parking Bus, Adj 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Work Zone On Approach No No No No
Adj Sat Flow, veh/h/ln 0 1870 1870 0 1870 1870 0 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870
Adj Flow Rate, veh/h 0 0 0 0 0 140 0 378 9 260 280 6
Peak Hour Factor 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.82 0.82 0.82 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.87 0.87 0.87
Percent Heavy Veh, % 0 2 2 0 2 2 0 2 2 2 2 2
Cap, veh/h 0 203 0 0 0 172 0 1344 1134 810 1525 1285
Arrive On Green 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.11 0.00 0.72 0.72 0.06 0.82 0.82
Sat Flow, veh/h 0 1870 0 0 0 1585 0 1870 1577 1781 1870 1576
Grp Volume(v), veh/h 0 0 0 0 0 140 0 378 9 260 280 6
Grp Sat Flow(s),veh/h/ln 0 1870 0 0 0 1585 0 1870 1577 1781 1870 1576
Q Serve(g_s), s 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.2 0.0 8.4 0.2 4.2 3.8 0.1
Cycle Q Clear(g_c), s 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 10.2 0.0 8.4 0.2 4.2 3.8 0.1
Prop In Lane 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Lane Grp Cap(c), veh/h 0 203 0 0 0 172 0 1344 1134 810 1525 1285
V/C Ratio(X) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.81 0.00 0.28 0.01 0.32 0.18 0.00
Avail Cap(c_a), veh/h 0 308 0 0 0 261 0 1344 1134 1285 1525 1285
HCM Platoon Ratio 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Upstream Filter(I) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Uniform Delay (d), s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 51.6 0.0 5.9 4.7 3.6 2.4 2.0
Incr Delay (d2), s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 11.0 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.2 0.3 0.0
Initial Q Delay(d3),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
%ile BackOfQ(50%),veh/ln 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 4.6 0.0 3.2 0.1 1.2 1.2 0.0
Unsig. Movement Delay, s/veh
LnGrp Delay(d),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 62.6 0.0 6.4 4.7 3.8 2.6 2.0
LnGrp LOS A A A A A E A A A A A A
Approach Vol, veh/h 0 140 387 546
Approach Delay, s/veh 0.0 62.6 6.3 3.2
Approach LOS E A A
Timer - Assigned Phs 1 2 4 6 8
Phs Duration (G+Y+Rc), s 11.4 89.6 17.3 101.0 17.3
Change Period (Y+Rc), s 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
Max Green Setting (Gmax), s 38.5 53.5 19.5 96.5 19.5
Max Q Clear Time (g_c+I1), s 6.2 10.4 0.0 5.8 12.2
Green Ext Time (p_c), s 0.8 2.6 0.0 1.9 0.4
Intersection Summary
HCM 6th Ctrl Delay 12.1
HCM 6th LOS B
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
HCM 6th Signalized Intersection Summary Page 2
D29
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
1: Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road Timing Plan: PM Peak
Lane Group EBL EBT WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Group Flow (vph)
v/c Ratio
Control Delay
Queue Delay
81
0.48
59.6
0.0
334
0.73
47.6
0.0
203
0.67
54.5
0.0
386
0.59
34.4
0.0
305
0.42
7.7
0.0
90
0.21
36.6
0.0
315
0.69
46.6
0.0
432
0.61
7.8
0.0
146
0.61
56.5
0.0
151
0.61
56.2
0.0
63
0.22
10.7
0.0
Total Delay
Queue Length 50th (ft)
59.6
52
47.6
202
54.5
127
34.4
216
7.7
20
36.6
47
46.6
186
7.8
0
56.5
96
56.2
100
10.7
0
Queue Length 95th (ft)
Internal Link Dist (ft)
121 363
637
250 383
273
97 91 280
850
9 192 197
909
32
Turn Bay Length (ft)
Base Capacity (vph)
90
456 849
180
456 869 878
100
565 595
400
791
250
779 804
550
772
Starvation Cap Reductn
Spillback Cap Reductn
Storage Cap Reductn
Reduced v/c Ratio
Intersection Summary
0
0
0
0.18
0
0
0
0.39
0
0
0
0.45
0
0
0
0.44
0
0
0
0.35
0
0
0
0.16
0
0
0
0.53
0
0
0
0.55
0
0
0
0.19
0
0
0
0.19
0
0
0
0.08
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Queues Page 3
D30
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
1: Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road Timing Plan: PM Peak
Lane Group EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (vph) 76 280 34 191 363 287 66 230 315 178 80 55
Future Volume (vph) 76 280 34 191 363 287 66 230 315 178 80 55
Ideal Flow (vphpl) 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900 1900
Storage Length (ft) 90 0 180 0 100 400 250 550
Storage Lanes 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1
Taper Length (ft) 25 25 25 25
Satd. Flow (prot) 1770 1828 0 1770 1863 1583 1770 1863 1583 1681 1736 1583
Flt Permitted 0.950 0.950 0.950 0.950 0.981
Satd. Flow (perm) 1770 1828 0 1766 1863 1583 1770 1863 1559 1678 1735 1583
Right Turn on Red Yes Yes Yes Yes
Satd. Flow (RTOR) 4 262 432 72
Link Speed (mph) 35 35 40 35
Link Distance (ft) 717 353 930 989
Travel Time (s) 14.0 6.9 15.9 19.3
Confl. Peds. (#/hr) 1 1 2 2
Peak Hour Factor 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.94 0.73 0.73 0.73 0.87 0.87 0.87
Shared Lane Traffic (%) 29%
Lane Group Flow (vph) 81 334 0 203 386 305 90 315 432 146 151 63
Turn Type Prot NA Prot NA Perm Split NA Perm Split NA Perm
Protected Phases 5 2 1 6 8 8 7 7
Permitted Phases 6 8 7
Detector Phase 5 2 1 6 6 8 8 8 7 7 7
Switch Phase
Minimum Initial (s) 4.0 8.0 4.0 8.0 8.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0 6.0
Minimum Split (s) 8.2 32.0 8.2 13.0 13.0 35.6 35.6 35.6 24.6 24.6 24.6
Total Split (s) 29.2 50.0 29.2 50.0 50.0 35.6 35.6 35.6 49.6 49.6 49.6
Total Split (%) 17.8% 30.4% 17.8% 30.4% 30.4% 21.7% 21.7% 21.7% 30.2% 30.2% 30.2%
Maximum Green (s) 25.0 45.0 25.0 45.0 45.0 31.0 31.0 31.0 45.0 45.0 45.0
Yellow Time (s) 3.2 4.0 3.2 4.0 4.0 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6 3.6
All-Red Time (s) 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0
Lost Time Adjust (s) 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Lost Time (s) 4.2 5.0 4.2 5.0 5.0 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6 4.6
Lead/Lag Lead Lag Lead Lag Lag Lag Lag Lag Lead Lead Lead
Lead-Lag Optimize? Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
Vehicle Extension (s) 2.0 3.0 2.0 3.0 3.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0 2.0
Recall Mode None Min None Min Min None None None None None None
Walk Time (s) 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0 7.0
Flash Dont Walk (s) 20.0 24.0 24.0 24.0 13.0 13.0 13.0
Pedestrian Calls (#/hr) 1 2 2 2 0 0 0
Act Effct Green (s) 9.9 25.4 17.7 36.3 36.3 25.3 25.3 25.3 14.7 14.7 14.7
Actuated g/C Ratio 0.10 0.25 0.17 0.35 0.35 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.14 0.14 0.14
v/c Ratio 0.48 0.73 0.67 0.59 0.42 0.21 0.69 0.61 0.61 0.61 0.22
Control Delay 59.6 47.6 54.5 34.4 7.7 36.6 46.6 7.8 56.5 56.2 10.7
Queue Delay 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
Total Delay 59.6 47.6 54.5 34.4 7.7 36.6 46.6 7.8 56.5 56.2 10.7
LOS
Approach Delay
Approach LOS
E D
49.9
D
D C
29.9
C
A D D
25.5
C
A E E
48.4
D
B
STC::MB
Lanes, Volumes, Timings
Synchro 11 Report
Page 1
D31
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
1: Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road Timing Plan: PM Peak
Intersection Summary
Area Type: Other
Cycle Length: 164.4
Actuated Cycle Length: 102.6
Natural Cycle: 105
Control Type: Actuated-Uncoordinated
Maximum v/c Ratio: 0.73
Intersection Signal Delay: 34.4 Intersection LOS: C
Intersection Capacity Utilization 62.9% ICU Level of Service B
Analysis Period (min) 15
Splits and Phases: 1: Avenida Encinas & Palomar Airport Road
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Lanes, Volumes, Timings Page 2
D32
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
2: Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane Timing Plan: PM Peak
Lane Group EBL EBT WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Group Flow (vph)
v/c Ratio
Control Delay
Queue Delay
59
0.42
69.5
0.0
332
0.33
35.2
0.0
480
0.70
52.0
0.0
285
0.23
30.0
0.0
329
0.33
2.4
0.0
34
0.30
69.9
0.0
104
0.36
49.9
0.0
484
0.71
23.2
0.0
267
0.70
56.9
0.0
127
0.19
30.5
0.0
52
0.08
0.2
0.0
Total Delay
Queue Length 50th (ft)
69.5
45
35.2
61
52.0
179
30.0
75
2.4
0
69.9
26
49.9
79
23.2
207
56.9
188
30.5
78
0.2
0
Queue Length 95th (ft)
Internal Link Dist (ft)
95 103
1109
295 148
1337
43 72 143
234
323 323 125
1079
0
Turn Bay Length (ft)
Base Capacity (vph)
225
353 1946
230
1715 2430
200
1106
205
353 670
205
1098
215
530 908
230
818
Starvation Cap Reductn
Spillback Cap Reductn
Storage Cap Reductn
Reduced v/c Ratio
Intersection Summary
0
0
0
0.17
0
0
0
0.17
0
0
0
0.28
0
0
0
0.12
0
0
0
0.30
0
0
0
0.10
0
0
0
0.16
0
0
0
0.44
0
0
0
0.50
0
0
0
0.14
0
0
0
0.06
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Queues Page 1
D33
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
2: Avenida Encinas & Poinsettia Lane Timing Plan: PM Peak
Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (veh/h) 47 187 78 442 262 303 33 100 465 216 103 42
Future Volume (veh/h) 47 187 78 442 262 303 33 100 465 216 103 42
Initial Q (Qb), veh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ped-Bike Adj(A_pbT) 1.00 0.94 1.00 0.93 1.00 0.97 1.00 0.98
Parking Bus, Adj 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Work Zone On Approach No No No No
Adj Sat Flow, veh/h/ln 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870
Adj Flow Rate, veh/h 59 234 98 480 285 329 34 104 484 267 127 52
Peak Hour Factor 0.80 0.80 0.80 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.96 0.96 0.96 0.81 0.81 0.81
Percent Heavy Veh, % 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cap, veh/h 76 558 209 561 978 674 43 558 717 300 828 685
Arrive On Green 0.04 0.16 0.16 0.16 0.28 0.28 0.02 0.30 0.30 0.17 0.44 0.44
Sat Flow, veh/h 1781 3584 1343 3456 3554 1480 1781 1870 1540 1781 1870 1548
Grp Volume(v), veh/h 59 221 111 480 285 329 34 104 484 267 127 52
Grp Sat Flow(s),veh/h/ln 1781 1702 1523 1728 1777 1480 1781 1870 1540 1781 1870 1548
Q Serve(g_s), s 3.5 6.3 7.1 14.4 6.8 17.0 2.0 4.4 26.4 15.7 4.3 2.1
Cycle Q Clear(g_c), s 3.5 6.3 7.1 14.4 6.8 17.0 2.0 4.4 26.4 15.7 4.3 2.1
Prop In Lane 1.00 0.88 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Lane Grp Cap(c), veh/h 76 530 237 561 978 674 43 558 717 300 828 685
V/C Ratio(X) 0.77 0.42 0.47 0.86 0.29 0.49 0.79 0.19 0.68 0.89 0.15 0.08
Avail Cap(c_a), veh/h 333 1274 570 1617 2328 1236 333 630 776 500 828 685
HCM Platoon Ratio 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Upstream Filter(I) 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Uniform Delay (d), s/veh 50.6 40.7 41.1 43.5 30.5 21.3 51.9 27.8 22.6 43.5 17.8 17.2
Incr Delay (d2), s/veh 6.0 0.2 0.5 1.5 0.1 0.2 11.5 0.1 1.6 6.2 0.0 0.0
Initial Q Delay(d3),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
%ile BackOfQ(50%),veh/ln 1.7 2.6 2.7 6.2 2.9 5.7 1.0 2.0 9.4 7.3 1.8 0.7
Unsig. Movement Delay, s/veh
LnGrp Delay(d),s/veh 56.7 40.9 41.6 45.0 30.6 21.5 63.3 27.9 24.2 49.7 17.8 17.2
LnGrp LOS E D D D C C E C C D B B
Approach Vol, veh/h 391 1094 622 446
Approach Delay, s/veh 43.5 34.2 27.0 36.8
Approach LOS D C C D
Timer - Assigned Phs 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Phs Duration (G+Y+Rc), s 22.8 22.6 8.1 53.3 10.1 35.4 23.5 37.9
Change Period (Y+Rc), s 5.5 6.0 5.5 6.0 5.5 6.0 5.5 6.0
Max Green Setting (Gmax), s 50.0 40.0 20.0 46.0 20.0 70.0 30.0 36.0
Max Q Clear Time (g_c+I1), s 16.4 9.1 4.0 6.3 5.5 19.0 17.7 28.4
Green Ext Time (p_c), s 0.9 1.4 0.0 0.5 0.0 1.9 0.3 0.9
Intersection Summary
HCM 6th Ctrl Delay 34.3
HCM 6th LOS C
Notes
User approved changes to right turn type.
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
HCM 6th Signalized Intersection Summary Page 2
D34
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
3: Carlsbad Blvd & Avenida Encinas Timing Plan: PM Peak
D35
Lane Group WBL NBT NBR SBL SBT
Lane Group Flow (vph)
v/c Ratio
Control Delay
Queue Delay
160
0.24
13.9
0.0
661
0.50
10.5
0.0
198
0.19
1.1
0.0
15
0.03
14.8
0.0
465
0.31
6.5
0.0
Total Delay
Queue Length 50th (ft)
13.9
9
10.5
35
1.1
0
14.8
2
6.5
23
Queue Length 95th (ft)
Internal Link Dist (ft)
42
363
124
268
15 17 45
416
Turn Bay Length (ft)
Base Capacity (vph)
180
3021 3446 1514 835 3539
Starvation Cap Reductn
Spillback Cap Reductn
Storage Cap Reductn
Reduced v/c Ratio
Intersection Summary
0
0
0
0.05
0
0
0
0.19
0
0
0
0.13
0
0
0
0.02
0
0
0
0.13
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Queues Page 3
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
3: Carlsbad Blvd & Avenida Encinas Timing Plan: PM Peak
D36
Movement WBL WBR NBT NBR SBL SBT
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (veh/h) 136 14 588 176 14 428
Future Volume (veh/h) 136 14 588 176 14 428
Initial Q (Qb), veh 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ped-Bike Adj(A_pbT) 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Parking Bus, Adj 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Work Zone On Approach No No No
Adj Sat Flow, veh/h/ln 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870
Adj Flow Rate, veh/h 159 0 661 198 15 465
Peak Hour Factor 0.94 0.94 0.89 0.89 0.92 0.92
Percent Heavy Veh, % 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cap, veh/h 339 151 1141 658 56 1869
Arrive On Green 0.10 0.00 0.32 0.32 0.03 0.53
Sat Flow, veh/h 3563 1585 3647 1580 1781 3647
Grp Volume(v), veh/h 159 0 661 198 15 465
Grp Sat Flow(s),veh/h/ln 1781 1585 1777 1580 1781 1777
Q Serve(g_s), s 1.3 0.0 4.9 2.6 0.3 2.3
Cycle Q Clear(g_c), s 1.3 0.0 4.9 2.6 0.3 2.3
Prop In Lane 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Lane Grp Cap(c), veh/h 339 151 1141 658 56 1869
V/C Ratio(X) 0.47 0.00 0.58 0.30 0.27 0.25
Avail Cap(c_a), veh/h 3375 1501 5049 2396 844 7349
HCM Platoon Ratio 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Upstream Filter(I) 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Uniform Delay (d), s/veh 13.6 0.0 9.0 6.2 15.0 4.1
Incr Delay (d2), s/veh 0.4 0.0 0.2 0.1 1.0 0.0
Initial Q Delay(d3),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
%ile BackOfQ(50%),veh/ln 0.4 0.0 0.9 0.5 0.1 0.1
Unsig. Movement Delay, s/veh
LnGrp Delay(d),s/veh 13.9 0.0 9.1 6.3 15.9 4.1
LnGrp LOS B A A A B A
Approach Vol, veh/h 159 859 480
Approach Delay, s/veh 13.9 8.5 4.5
Approach LOS B A A
Timer - Assigned Phs 1 2 4 6
Phs Duration (G+Y+Rc), s 6.5 16.7 8.5 23.2
Change Period (Y+Rc), s 5.5 6.5 5.5 6.5
Max Green Setting (Gmax), s 15.0 45.0 30.0 65.5
Max Q Clear Time (g_c+I1), s 2.3 6.9 3.3 4.3
Green Ext Time (p_c), s 0.0 2.9 0.3 1.8
Intersection Summary
HCM 6th Ctrl Delay 7.8
HCM 6th LOS A
Notes
User approved volume balancing among the lanes for turning movement.
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
HCM 6th Signalized Intersection Summary Page 4
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
4: Avenida Encinas & Lakeshore Gardens Drwy/Shopping Plaza Drwy Timing Plan: PM Peak
D37
Lane Group EBT WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Group Flow (vph)
v/c Ratio
Control Delay
Queue Delay
60
0.09
15.3
0.0
64
0.18
18.6
0.0
263
0.47
6.5
0.0
14
0.07
21.5
0.0
197
0.40
17.8
0.0
26
0.05
0.2
0.0
147
0.39
20.7
0.0
170
0.20
8.0
0.0
33
0.04
1.7
0.0
Total Delay
Queue Length 50th (ft)
15.3
5
18.6
14
6.5
0
21.5
3
17.8
44
0.2
0
20.7
35
8.0
20
1.7
0
Queue Length 95th (ft)
Internal Link Dist (ft)
20
44
44
146
44 18 97
758
0 82 67
484
7
Turn Bay Length (ft)
Base Capacity (vph) 2323 1273 1335
155
828 1660
155
1391
300
1237 1830
185
1525
Starvation Cap Reductn
Spillback Cap Reductn
Storage Cap Reductn
Reduced v/c Ratio
Intersection Summary
0
0
0
0.03
0
0
0
0.05
0
0
0
0.20
0
0
0
0.02
0
0
0
0.12
0
0
0
0.02
0
0
0
0.12
0
0
0
0.09
0
0
0
0.02
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Queues Page 5
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
4: Avenida Encinas & Lakeshore Gardens Drwy/Shopping Plaza Drwy Timing Plan: PM Peak
D38
Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (veh/h) 32 13 8 32 23 226 13 181 24 131 151 29
Future Volume (veh/h) 32 13 8 32 23 226 13 181 24 131 151 29
Initial Q (Qb), veh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ped-Bike Adj(A_pbT) 0.99 0.98 0.98 0.98 1.00 0.98 1.00 0.99
Parking Bus, Adj 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Work Zone On Approach No No No No
Adj Sat Flow, veh/h/ln 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870
Adj Flow Rate, veh/h 36 15 9 37 27 263 14 197 26 147 170 33
Peak Hour Factor 0.88 0.88 0.88 0.86 0.86 0.86 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.89 0.89 0.89
Percent Heavy Veh, % 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2
Cap, veh/h 456 296 178 364 234 466 32 362 302 267 609 513
Arrive On Green 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.30 0.02 0.19 0.19 0.15 0.33 0.33
Sat Flow, veh/h 988 990 594 794 783 1559 1781 1870 1560 1781 1870 1576
Grp Volume(v), veh/h 36 0 24 64 0 263 14 197 26 147 170 33
Grp Sat Flow(s),veh/h/ln 988 0 1583 1577 0 1559 1781 1870 1560 1781 1870 1576
Q Serve(g_s), s 1.1 0.0 0.5 0.0 0.0 6.4 0.3 4.2 0.6 3.4 3.0 0.6
Cycle Q Clear(g_c), s 2.2 0.0 0.5 1.1 0.0 6.4 0.3 4.2 0.6 3.4 3.0 0.6
Prop In Lane 1.00 0.38 0.58 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Lane Grp Cap(c), veh/h 456 0 473 598 0 466 32 362 302 267 609 513
V/C Ratio(X) 0.08 0.00 0.05 0.11 0.00 0.56 0.44 0.54 0.09 0.55 0.28 0.06
Avail Cap(c_a), veh/h 1073 0 1380 1480 0 1358 796 1672 1395 1194 2090 1761
HCM Platoon Ratio 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Upstream Filter(I) 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Uniform Delay (d), s/veh 12.2 0.0 11.2 11.4 0.0 13.2 21.8 16.3 14.8 17.6 11.2 10.4
Incr Delay (d2), s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.4 3.5 1.8 0.2 0.7 0.4 0.1
Initial Q Delay(d3),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
%ile BackOfQ(50%),veh/ln 0.2 0.0 0.1 0.4 0.0 1.9 0.2 1.7 0.2 1.2 1.0 0.2
Unsig. Movement Delay, s/veh
LnGrp Delay(d),s/veh 12.2 0.0 11.2 11.4 0.0 13.6 25.3 18.1 15.0 18.3 11.5 10.5
LnGrp LOS B A B B A B C B B B B B
Approach Vol, veh/h 60 327 237 350
Approach Delay, s/veh 11.8 13.2 18.2 14.3
Approach LOS B B B B
Timer - Assigned Phs 1 2 4 5 6 8
Phs Duration (G+Y+Rc), s 5.8 20.6 18.4 11.7 14.7 18.4
Change Period (Y+Rc), s 5.0 6.0 5.0 5.0 6.0 5.0
Max Green Setting (Gmax), s 20.0 50.0 39.0 30.0 40.0 39.0
Max Q Clear Time (g_c+I1), s 2.3 5.0 8.4 5.4 6.2 4.2
Green Ext Time (p_c), s 0.0 1.6 0.7 0.2 1.8 0.2
Intersection Summary
HCM 6th Ctrl Delay 14.7
HCM 6th LOS B
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
HCM 6th Signalized Intersection Summary Page 6
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
5: Avenida Encinas & San Carlos Street/Shopping Center Dwy Timing Plan: PM Peak
D39
Lane Group WBT NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Group Flow (vph)
v/c Ratio
Control Delay
Queue Delay
256
0.38
1.7
0.0
483
0.36
7.5
0.7
13
0.01
6.2
0.0
319
0.42
3.6
0.0
348
0.22
2.2
0.0
8
0.01
1.0
0.0
Total Delay
Queue Length 50th (ft)
1.7
0
8.1
98
6.2
2
3.6
23
2.2
25
1.0
0
Queue Length 95th (ft)
Internal Link Dist (ft)
0
77
247
484
11 83 90
240
3
Turn Bay Length (ft)
Base Capacity (vph) 767 1357
175
1119
225
1006 1586
180
1300
Starvation Cap Reductn
Spillback Cap Reductn
Storage Cap Reductn
Reduced v/c Ratio
Intersection Summary
0
0
0
0.33
522
0
0
0.58
0
0
0
0.01
0
0
0
0.32
0
0
0
0.22
0
0
0
0.01
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
Queues Page 1
Avenida Encinas CRT Existing Condition Plus Project
5: Avenida Encinas & San Carlos Street/Shopping Center Dwy Timing Plan: PM Peak
D40
Movement EBL EBT EBR WBL WBT WBR NBL NBT NBR SBL SBT SBR
Lane Configurations
Traffic Volume (veh/h) 0 0 0 0 0 230 0 430 12 287 313 7
Future Volume (veh/h) 0 0 0 0 0 230 0 430 12 287 313 7
Initial Q (Qb), veh 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Ped-Bike Adj(A_pbT) 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Parking Bus, Adj 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Work Zone On Approach No No No No
Adj Sat Flow, veh/h/ln 0 1870 1870 0 1870 1870 0 1870 1870 1870 1870 1870
Adj Flow Rate, veh/h 0 0 0 0 0 256 0 483 13 319 348 8
Peak Hour Factor 0.92 0.92 0.92 0.90 0.90 0.90 0.89 0.89 0.89 0.90 0.90 0.90
Percent Heavy Veh, % 0 2 2 0 2 2 0 2 2 2 2 2
Cap, veh/h 0 292 0 0 0 246 0 1231 1041 682 1444 1220
Arrive On Green 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.16 0.00 0.66 0.66 0.08 0.77 0.77
Sat Flow, veh/h 0 1870 0 0 0 1580 0 1870 1581 1781 1870 1580
Grp Volume(v), veh/h 0 0 0 0 0 256 0 483 13 319 348 8
Grp Sat Flow(s),veh/h/ln 0 1870 0 0 0 1580 0 1870 1581 1781 1870 1580
Q Serve(g_s), s 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 19.5 0.0 14.9 0.4 6.8 6.5 0.1
Cycle Q Clear(g_c), s 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 19.5 0.0 14.9 0.4 6.8 6.5 0.1
Prop In Lane 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Lane Grp Cap(c), veh/h 0 292 0 0 0 246 0 1231 1041 682 1444 1220
V/C Ratio(X) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.04 0.00 0.39 0.01 0.47 0.24 0.01
Avail Cap(c_a), veh/h 0 292 0 0 0 246 0 1231 1041 1092 1444 1220
HCM Platoon Ratio 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Upstream Filter(I) 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 0.00 1.00 0.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00 1.00
Uniform Delay (d), s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 52.8 0.0 9.9 7.4 6.4 4.0 3.3
Incr Delay (d2), s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 67.8 0.0 0.9 0.0 0.5 0.4 0.0
Initial Q Delay(d3),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0
%ile BackOfQ(50%),veh/ln 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 12.3 0.0 6.2 0.1 2.3 2.3 0.0
Unsig. Movement Delay, s/veh
LnGrp Delay(d),s/veh 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 120.5 0.0 10.8 7.4 6.9 4.4 3.3
LnGrp LOS A A A A A F A B A A A A
Approach Vol, veh/h 0 256 496 675
Approach Delay, s/veh 0.0 120.5 10.7 5.6
Approach LOS F B A
Timer - Assigned Phs 1 2 4 6 8
Phs Duration (G+Y+Rc), s 14.2 86.8 24.0 101.0 24.0
Change Period (Y+Rc), s 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5 4.5
Max Green Setting (Gmax), s 38.5 53.5 19.5 96.5 19.5
Max Q Clear Time (g_c+I1), s 8.8 16.9 0.0 8.5 21.5
Green Ext Time (p_c), s 1.0 3.5 0.0 2.4 0.0
Intersection Summary
HCM 6th Ctrl Delay 28.0
HCM 6th LOS C
STC::MB Synchro 11 Report
HCM 6th Signalized Intersection Summary Page 2
Appendix E:
MMLOS Analysis Worksheets
Existing Conditions:
Palomar Airport Road to 6200 Avenida Encinas.......................................................E1 - E2
6200 Avenida Encinas to Embarcadero Lane ...........................................................E3 - E4
Embarcadero Lane to Poinsettia Lane .....................................................................E5 - E6
Poinsettia Lane to Windrose Circle ..........................................................................E7 - E8
Windrose Circle to Carlsbad Boulevard ....................................................................E9 - E10
Existing Conditions Plus Project Improvement:
Palomar Airport Road to 6200 Avenida Encinas.......................................................E11 - E12
6200 Avenida Encinas to Embarcadero Lane ...........................................................E13 - E14
Embarcadero Lane to Poinsettia Lane .....................................................................E15 - E16
Poinsettia Lane to Windrose Circle ..........................................................................E17 - E18
Windrose Circle to Carlsbad Boulevard ....................................................................E19 - E20
ROADWAY INFO X
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From Palomar Airport Rd
To 6200 Avenida Encinas
Street Typology from Mobility Element _Neighborhood Connector
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2 ‐way total) 5,924
PEDESTRIAN NB SCORE | LOS SB SCORE | LOS
75 | C 0 | F
May Roadway Direction require improvements and
upgrades to fully support CAP goals! NB SB
* Do pedestrian crossings appear consistent with the CA
MUTCD? Yes Yes
* Minimum Sidewalk Unobstructed Width in Feet
(Minimum ADA unobstructed width requirement is 4'): 5 0
* Do sidewalks appear to meet ADA requirements (e.g.,
cross‐slope and trip hazards)? No No
* Do ramps and landings appear to meet ADA
requirements? No No
* Do the street light locations appear adequate? Yes No
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐mph): higher than 35 mph higher than 35 mph
Number of Through Lanes: 1 1
Are there 3 lanes or less to be crossed without pedestrian
refuge? (Include turn lanes in count) Yes Yes
Width (ft.) of landscaped buffer between pedestrian
facility and vehicle travel way: 0' to 2' 0' to 2'
Does on‐street parking or a bike lane provide 6' or more
buffer between pedestrians and vehicle travel way? No No
Any apparent sight distance issues at intersections and
pedestrian crossings? No No
Are there any permanent speed control devices installed? No No
Are there traffic calming measures that reduce crossing
width (e.g., bulbouts, chokers, right‐turn median island)? No No
Do crosswalks appear to be high visibility? No No
Are there intersection enhancements provided for
pedestrians (e.g., pedestrian signal phasing, countdown
heads)?
Yes Yes
Are there Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFBs) at
street crossings? No No
Is there pedestrian scale lighting? No No
Do active building frontages appear to be present on 80%
of street curb line? No No
Does the street furniture appear to be oriented towards
businesses or attractions? No No
Do the street trees appear to provide shade over more
than 50% of the sidewalk length? Yes No
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
E1
ROADWAY INFO
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From Palomar Airport Rd
To 6200 Avenida Encinas
Arterial Connector
5,924
X
Street Typology from Mobility Element
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2 way total)
BICYCLE NB SCORE | LOS
70 | C
SB SCORE | LOS
70 | C
May require and Roadway Direction improvements
upgrades to fully support CAP goals! NB SB
* Do the roadway pavement conditions appear to be No No good (e.g., no pot holes)?
* Does bike facility on roadway appear to be free of Yes Yes obstructions (e.g., drainage grates)?
* Does the bicycle facility appear to meet MUTCD signing Yes Yes and striping design guidelines?
Is on‐street parking provided? No No
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐ mph): higher than 35 mph higher than 35 mph
Does the bikeway on the study segment and side Study Segment Only Study Segment Only streets meet and/or exceed the Bicycle Master Plan?
Is there enhanced bicycle detection or video detection No No provided at intersections?
Any bicycle racks are provided along segment? No No
Bicycle Facility Provided: Bike Lane Bike Lane
Lane Width (ft) Lane Width (ft)
5 5
Bicycle Buffer Width (ft) Bicycle Buffer Width (ft)
0 0
Bike lanes are striped Bike lanes are striped
continuously through continuously through
the study segment? the study segment?
Yes Yes
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
_
‐
E2
_
‐
ROADWAY INFO
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From 6200 Avenida Encinas
To Embarcadero Lane
X
Street Typology from Mobility Element Neighborhood Connector
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2 way total) 5,924
NB SCORE | LOS PEDESTRIAN 70 | C
SB SCORE | LOS
65 | D
Roadway Direction May require improvements and
upgrades to fully support CAP goals! NB SB
* Do pedestrian crossings appear consistent with the CA
MUTCD? Yes Yes
* Minimum Sidewalk Unobstructed Width in Feet
(Minimum ADA unobstructed width requirement is 4'): 5 5
* Do sidewalks appear to meet ADA requirements (e.g.,
cross‐slope and trip hazards)? No Yes
* Do ramps and landings appear to meet ADA
requirements? No No
* Do the street light locations appear adequate? Yes No
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐mph): higher than 35 mph higher than 35 mph
Number of Through Lanes: 1 1
Are there 3 lanes or less to be crossed without pedestrian
refuge? (Include turn lanes in count) Yes Yes
Width (ft.) of landscaped buffer between pedestrian
facility and vehicle travel way: 0' to 2' 0' to 2'
Does on‐street parking or a bike lane provide 6' or more
buffer between pedestrians and vehicle travel way? Yes Yes
Any apparent sight distance issues at intersections and
pedestrian crossings? No No
Are there any permanent speed control devices installed? No No
Are there traffic calming measures that reduce crossing
width (e.g., bulbouts, chokers, right‐turn median island)? No No
Do crosswalks appear to be high visibility? No No
Are there intersection enhancements provided for
pedestrians (e.g., pedestrian signal phasing, countdown
heads)?
No No
Are there Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFBs) at
street crossings? No No
Is there pedestrian scale lighting? No No
Do active building frontages appear to be present on 80%
of street curb line? No No
Does the street furniture appear to be oriented towards
businesses or attractions? No No
Do the street trees appear to provide shade over more
than 50% of the sidewalk length? Yes No
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
E3
_
ROADWAY INFO
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From 6200 Avenida Encinas
To Embarcadero Lane
Arterial Connector
5,924
X
Street Typology from Mobility Element
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2‐way total)
BICYCLE NB SCORE | LOS
0 | F
SB SCORE | LOS
0 | F
Roadway Direction May require improvements and
upgrades to fully support CAP goals! NB SB
* Do the roadway pavement conditions appear to be good
(e.g., no pot holes)? No No
* Does bike facility on roadway appear to be free of
obstructions (e.g., drainage grates)? Yes Yes
* Does the bicycle facility appear to meet MUTCD signing
and striping design guidelines? No No
Is on‐street parking provided? Parallel parking Parallel parking
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐mph): higher than 35 mph higher than 35 mph
Does the bikeway on the study segment and side
streets meet and/or exceed the Bicycle Master Plan? Neither Neither
Is there enhanced bicycle detection or video detection
provided at intersections? No No
Any bicycle racks are provided along segment? No No
Bicycle Facility Provided: Bike Route Bike Route
5 5
0 0
Traffic calming features Traffic calming features
present? present?
No No
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
E4
_
‐
ROADWAY INFO
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From Embarcadero Lane
To Poinsettia Boulevard
X
Street Typology from Mobility Element Neighborhood Connector
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2 way total) 5,924
NB SCORE | LOS PEDESTRIAN 90 | A
SB SCORE | LOS
100 | A
Roadway Direction May require improvements and
upgrades to fully support CAP goals! NB SB
* Do pedestrian crossings appear consistent with the CA
MUTCD? Yes Yes
* Minimum Sidewalk Unobstructed Width in Feet
(Minimum ADA unobstructed width requirement is 4'): 5 5
* Do sidewalks appear to meet ADA requirements (e.g.,
cross‐slope and trip hazards)? Yes Yes
* Do ramps and landings appear to meet ADA
requirements? No No
* Do the street light locations appear adequate? Yes Yes
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐mph): 35 mph 35 mph
Number of Through Lanes: 1 1
Are there 3 lanes or less to be crossed without pedestrian
refuge? (Include turn lanes in count) Yes Yes
Width (ft.) of landscaped buffer between pedestrian
facility and vehicle travel way: 0' to 2' greater than 5'
Does on‐street parking or a bike lane provide 6' or more
buffer between pedestrians and vehicle travel way? Yes Yes
Any apparent sight distance issues at intersections and
pedestrian crossings? No No
Are there any permanent speed control devices installed? No No
Are there traffic calming measures that reduce crossing
width (e.g., bulbouts, chokers, right‐turn median island)? No No
Do crosswalks appear to be high visibility? No No
Are there intersection enhancements provided for
pedestrians (e.g., pedestrian signal phasing, countdown
heads)?
Yes Yes
Are there Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFBs) at
street crossings? No No
Is there pedestrian scale lighting? No No
Do active building frontages appear to be present on 80%
of street curb line? No No
Does the street furniture appear to be oriented towards
businesses or attractions? No No
Do the street trees appear to provide shade over more
than 50% of the sidewalk length? Yes Yes
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
E5
_
ROADWAY INFO
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From Embarcadero Lane
To Poinsettia Boulevard
Arterial Connector
5,924
X
Street Typology from Mobility Element
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2‐way total)
BICYCLE NB SCORE | LOS
90 | A
SB SCORE | LOS
90 | A
Roadway Direction
NB SB
* Do the roadway pavement conditions appear to be good Yes Yes (e.g., no pot holes)?
* Does bike facility on roadway appear to be free of Yes Yes obstructions (e.g., drainage grates)?
* Does the bicycle facility appear to meet MUTCD signing Yes Yes and striping design guidelines?
Is on‐street parking provided? Parallel parking Parallel parking
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐mph): 35 mph 35 mph
Does the bikeway on the study segment and side Study Segment Only Study Segment Only streets meet and/or exceed the Bicycle Master Plan?
Is there enhanced bicycle detection or video detection No No provided at intersections?
Any bicycle racks are provided along segment? No No
Bicycle Facility Provided: Bike Lane Bike Lane
Lane Width (ft) Lane Width (ft)
5 5
Bicycle Buffer Width (ft) Bicycle Buffer Width (ft)
0 0
Bike lanes are striped Bike lanes are striped
continuously through continuously through
the study segment? the study segment?
Yes Yes
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
E6
_
‐
ROADWAY INFO
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From Poinsettia Boulevard
To Windrose Circle
X
Street Typology from Mobility Element Neighborhood Connector
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2 way total) 14,058
NB SCORE | LOS PEDESTRIAN 80 | B
SB SCORE | LOS
80 | B
Roadway Direction May require improvements and
upgrades to fully support CAP goals! NB SB
* Do pedestrian crossings appear consistent with the CA
MUTCD? Yes Yes
* Minimum Sidewalk Unobstructed Width in Feet
(Minimum ADA unobstructed width requirement is 4'): 5 5
* Do sidewalks appear to meet ADA requirements (e.g.,
cross‐slope and trip hazards)? No No
* Do ramps and landings appear to meet ADA
requirements? No No
* Do the street light locations appear adequate? Yes Yes
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐mph): 35 mph 35 mph
Number of Through Lanes: 2 2
Are there 3 lanes or less to be crossed without pedestrian
refuge? (Include turn lanes in count) No No
Width (ft.) of landscaped buffer between pedestrian
facility and vehicle travel way: 0' to 2' 0' to 2'
Does on‐street parking or a bike lane provide 6' or more
buffer between pedestrians and vehicle travel way? No No
Any apparent sight distance issues at intersections and
pedestrian crossings? No No
Are there any permanent speed control devices installed? Yes Yes
Are there traffic calming measures that reduce crossing
width (e.g., bulbouts, chokers, right‐turn median island)? Yes Yes
Do crosswalks appear to be high visibility? No No
Are there intersection enhancements provided for
pedestrians (e.g., pedestrian signal phasing, countdown
heads)?
Yes Yes
Are there Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFBs) at
street crossings? No No
Is there pedestrian scale lighting? No No
Do active building frontages appear to be present on 80%
of street curb line? No No
Does the street furniture appear to be oriented towards
businesses or attractions? No No
Do the street trees appear to provide shade over more
than 50% of the sidewalk length? Yes Yes
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
E7
ROADWAY INFO X
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From Poinsettia Boulevard
To Windrose Circle
Street Typology from Mobility Element _Arterial Connector
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2‐way total) 14,058
BICYCLE NB SCORE | LOS SB SCORE | LOS
75 | C 80 | B
Roadway Direction
NB SB
* Do the roadway pavement conditions appear to be good Yes Yes (e.g., no pot holes)?
* Does bike facility on roadway appear to be free of Yes Yes obstructions (e.g., drainage grates)?
* Does the bicycle facility appear to meet MUTCD signing Yes Yes and striping design guidelines?
Is on‐street parking provided? No No
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐mph): 35 mph 35 mph
Does the bikeway on the study segment and side Study Segment Only Study Segment Only streets meet and/or exceed the Bicycle Master Plan?
Is there enhanced bicycle detection or video detection No No provided at intersections?
Any bicycle racks are provided along segment? No No
Bicycle Facility Provided: Bike Lane Bike Lane
Lane Width (ft) Lane Width (ft)
5 5
Bicycle Buffer Width (ft) Bicycle Buffer Width (ft)
0 0
Bike lanes are striped Bike lanes are striped
continuously through continuously through
the study segment? the study segment?
No Yes
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
E8
_
‐
ROADWAY INFO X
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From Windrose Circle
To Carlsbad Boulevard
Street Typology from Mobility Element Neighborhood Connector
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2 way total) 2,850
NB SCORE | LOS PEDESTRIAN 85 | B
SB SCORE | LOS
85 | B
Roadway Direction May require improvements and
upgrades to fully support CAP goals! NB SB
* Do pedestrian crossings appear consistent with the CA
MUTCD? Yes Yes
* Minimum Sidewalk Unobstructed Width in Feet
(Minimum ADA unobstructed width requirement is 4'): 5 5
* Do sidewalks appear to meet ADA requirements (e.g.,
cross‐slope and trip hazards)? No No
* Do ramps and landings appear to meet ADA
requirements? No No
* Do the street light locations appear adequate? Yes Yes
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐mph): 35 mph 35 mph
Number of Through Lanes: 1 1
Are there 3 lanes or less to be crossed without pedestrian
refuge? (Include turn lanes in count) Yes Yes
Width (ft.) of landscaped buffer between pedestrian
facility and vehicle travel way: 0' to 2' 0' to 2'
Does on‐street parking or a bike lane provide 6' or more
buffer between pedestrians and vehicle travel way? No No
Any apparent sight distance issues at intersections and
pedestrian crossings? No No
Are there any permanent speed control devices installed? Yes Yes
Are there traffic calming measures that reduce crossing
width (e.g., bulbouts, chokers, right‐turn median island)? No No
Do crosswalks appear to be high visibility? No No
Are there intersection enhancements provided for
pedestrians (e.g., pedestrian signal phasing, countdown
heads)?
Yes Yes
Are there Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFBs) at
street crossings? No No
Is there pedestrian scale lighting? No No
Do active building frontages appear to be present on 80%
of street curb line? No No
Does the street furniture appear to be oriented towards
businesses or attractions? No No
Do the street trees appear to provide shade over more
than 50% of the sidewalk length? Yes Yes
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
E9
ROADWAY INFO X
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From Windrose Circle
To Carlsbad Boulevard
Street Typology from Mobility Element _Arterial Connector
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2‐way total) 2,850
BICYCLE NB SCORE | LOS SB SCORE | LOS
95 | A 95 | A
Roadway Direction
NB SB
* Do the roadway pavement conditions appear to be good Yes Yes (e.g., no pot holes)?
* Does bike facility on roadway appear to be free of Yes Yes obstructions (e.g., drainage grates)?
* Does the bicycle facility appear to meet MUTCD signing Yes Yes and striping design guidelines?
Is on‐street parking provided? No No
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐mph): 35 mph 35 mph
Does the bikeway on the study segment and side Study Segment Only Study Segment Only streets meet and/or exceed the Bicycle Master Plan?
Is there enhanced bicycle detection or video detection No No provided at intersections?
Any bicycle racks are provided along segment? No No
Bicycle Facility Provided: Bike Lane Bike Lane
Lane Width (ft) Lane Width (ft)
5 5
Bicycle Buffer Width (ft) Bicycle Buffer Width (ft)
0 0
Bike lanes are striped Bike lanes are striped
continuously through continuously through
the study segment? the study segment?
Yes Yes
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
E10
_
‐
ROADWAY INFO
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From Palomar Airport Rd
To 6200 Avenida Encinas
X
Street Typology from Mobility Element Neighborhood Connector
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2 way total) 5,924
NB SCORE | LOS PEDESTRIAN 100 | A
SB SCORE | LOS
90 | A
Roadway Direction May require improvements and
upgrades to fully support CAP goals! NB SB
* Do pedestrian crossings appear consistent with the CA
MUTCD? Yes Yes
* Minimum Sidewalk Unobstructed Width in Feet
(Minimum ADA unobstructed width requirement is 4'): 5 5
* Do sidewalks appear to meet ADA requirements (e.g.,
cross‐slope and trip hazards)? Yes Yes
* Do ramps and landings appear to meet ADA
requirements? Yes Yes
* Do the street light locations appear adequate? Yes No
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐mph): higher than 35 mph higher than 35 mph
Number of Through Lanes: 1 1
Are there 3 lanes or less to be crossed without pedestrian
refuge? (Include turn lanes in count) Yes Yes
Width (ft.) of landscaped buffer between pedestrian
facility and vehicle travel way: 0' to 2' 0' to 2'
Does on‐street parking or a bike lane provide 6' or more
buffer between pedestrians and vehicle travel way? Yes Yes
Any apparent sight distance issues at intersections and
pedestrian crossings? No No
Are there any permanent speed control devices installed? No No
Are there traffic calming measures that reduce crossing
width (e.g., bulbouts, chokers, right‐turn median island)? No No
Do crosswalks appear to be high visibility? Yes Yes
Are there intersection enhancements provided for
pedestrians (e.g., pedestrian signal phasing, countdown
heads)?
Yes Yes
Are there Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFBs) at
street crossings? No No
Is there pedestrian scale lighting? No No
Do active building frontages appear to be present on 80%
of street curb line? No No
Does the street furniture appear to be oriented towards
businesses or attractions? No No
Do the street trees appear to provide shade over more
than 50% of the sidewalk length? Yes No
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
E11
ROADWAY INFO X
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From Palomar Airport Rd
To 6200 Avenida Encinas
Street Typology from Mobility Element _Arterial Connector
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2‐way total) 5,924
BICYCLE NB SCORE | LOS SB SCORE | LOS
95 | A 95 | A
Roadway Direction
NB SB
* Do the roadway pavement conditions appear to be good Yes Yes (e.g., no pot holes)?
* Does bike facility on roadway appear to be free of Yes Yes obstructions (e.g., drainage grates)?
* Does the bicycle facility appear to meet MUTCD signing Yes Yes and striping design guidelines?
Is on‐street parking provided? No No
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐mph): higher than 35 mph higher than 35 mph
Does the bikeway on the study segment and side Study Segment Only Study Segment Only streets meet and/or exceed the Bicycle Master Plan?
Is there enhanced bicycle detection or video detection No No provided at intersections?
Any bicycle racks are provided along segment? No No
Bicycle Facility Provided: Bike Lane Bike Lane
Lane Width (ft) Lane Width (ft)
5 5
Bicycle Buffer Width (ft) Bicycle Buffer Width (ft)
3 3
Bike lanes are striped Bike lanes are striped
continuously through continuously through
the study segment? the study segment?
Yes Yes
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
E12
_
‐
ROADWAY INFO
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From 6200 Avenida Encinas
To Embarcadero Lane
X
Street Typology from Mobility Element Neighborhood Connector
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2 way total) 5,924
NB SCORE | LOS PEDESTRIAN 100 | A
SB SCORE | LOS
90 | A
Roadway Direction May require improvements and
upgrades to fully support CAP goals! NB SB
* Do pedestrian crossings appear consistent with the CA
MUTCD? Yes Yes
* Minimum Sidewalk Unobstructed Width in Feet
(Minimum ADA unobstructed width requirement is 4'): 5 5
* Do sidewalks appear to meet ADA requirements (e.g.,
cross‐slope and trip hazards)? Yes Yes
* Do ramps and landings appear to meet ADA
requirements? Yes Yes
* Do the street light locations appear adequate? Yes No
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐mph): higher than 35 mph higher than 35 mph
Number of Through Lanes: 1 1
Are there 3 lanes or less to be crossed without pedestrian
refuge? (Include turn lanes in count) Yes Yes
Width (ft.) of landscaped buffer between pedestrian
facility and vehicle travel way: 0' to 2' 0' to 2'
Does on‐street parking or a bike lane provide 6' or more
buffer between pedestrians and vehicle travel way? Yes Yes
Any apparent sight distance issues at intersections and
pedestrian crossings? No No
Are there any permanent speed control devices installed? No No
Are there traffic calming measures that reduce crossing
width (e.g., bulbouts, chokers, right‐turn median island)? Yes Yes
Do crosswalks appear to be high visibility? Yes Yes
Are there intersection enhancements provided for
pedestrians (e.g., pedestrian signal phasing, countdown
heads)?
No No
Are there Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFBs) at
street crossings? No No
Is there pedestrian scale lighting? No No
Do active building frontages appear to be present on 80%
of street curb line? No No
Does the street furniture appear to be oriented towards
businesses or attractions? No No
Do the street trees appear to provide shade over more
than 50% of the sidewalk length? Yes No
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
E13
ROADWAY INFO X
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From 6200 Avenida Encinas
To Embarcadero Lane
Street Typology from Mobility Element _Neighborhood Connector
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2‐ way total) 5,924
BICYCLE NB SCORE | LOS SB SCORE | LOS
90 | A 90 | A
Roadway Direction
NB SB
* Do the roadway pavement conditions appear to be Yes Yes good (e.g., no pot holes)?
* Does bike facility on roadway appear to be free of Yes Yes obstructions (e.g., drainage grates)?
* Does the bicycle facility appear to meet MUTCD signing Yes Yes and striping design guidelines?
Parallel parking with Parallel parking with
Is on‐street parking provided? door‐side buffered bike door‐side buffered bike
lane lane
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐mph): higher than 35 mph higher than 35 mph
Does the bikeway on the study segment and side Study Segment Only Study Segment Only streets meet and/or exceed the Bicycle Master Plan?
Is there enhanced bicycle detection or video detection No No provided at intersections?
Any bicycle racks are provided along segment? No No
Bicycle Facility Provided: Bike Lane Bike Lane
Lane Width (ft) Lane Width (ft)
5 5
Bicycle Buffer Width (ft) Bicycle Buffer Width (ft)
2 2
Bike lanes are striped Bike lanes are striped
continuously through continuously through
the study segment? the study segment?
Yes Yes
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
E14
_
‐
ROADWAY INFO X
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From Embarcadero Lane
To Poinsettia Boulevard
Street Typology from Mobility Element Neighborhood Connector
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2 way total) 5,924
NB SCORE | LOS PEDESTRIAN 100 | A
SB SCORE | LOS
100 | A
Roadway Direction
NB SB
* Do pedestrian crossings appear consistent with the CA
MUTCD? Yes Yes
* Minimum Sidewalk Unobstructed Width in Feet
(Minimum ADA unobstructed width requirement is 4'): 5 5
* Do sidewalks appear to meet ADA requirements (e.g.,
cross‐slope and trip hazards)? Yes Yes
* Do ramps and landings appear to meet ADA
requirements? Yes Yes
* Do the street light locations appear adequate? Yes Yes
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐mph): 35 mph 35 mph
Number of Through Lanes: 1 1
Are there 3 lanes or less to be crossed without pedestrian
refuge? (Include turn lanes in count) Yes Yes
Width (ft.) of landscaped buffer between pedestrian
facility and vehicle travel way: 0' to 2' greater than 5'
Does on‐street parking or a bike lane provide 6' or more
buffer between pedestrians and vehicle travel way? Yes Yes
Any apparent sight distance issues at intersections and
pedestrian crossings? No No
Are there any permanent speed control devices installed? No No
Are there traffic calming measures that reduce crossing
width (e.g., bulbouts, chokers, right‐turn median island)? Yes Yes
Do crosswalks appear to be high visibility? Yes Yes
Are there intersection enhancements provided for
pedestrians (e.g., pedestrian signal phasing, countdown
heads)?
Yes Yes
Are there Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFBs) at
street crossings? No No
Is there pedestrian scale lighting? No No
Do active building frontages appear to be present on 80%
of street curb line? No No
Does the street furniture appear to be oriented towards
businesses or attractions? No No
Do the street trees appear to provide shade over more
than 50% of the sidewalk length? Yes Yes
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
E15
ROADWAY INFO X
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From Embarcadero Lane
To Poinsettia Boulevard
Street Typology from Mobility Element _Neighborhood Connector
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2‐ way total) 5,924
BICYCLE NB SCORE | LOS SB SCORE | LOS
100 | A 100 | A
Roadway Direction
NB SB
* Do the roadway pavement conditions appear to be Yes Yes good (e.g., no pot holes)?
* Does bike facility on roadway appear to be free of Yes Yes obstructions (e.g., drainage grates)?
* Does the bicycle facility appear to meet MUTCD signing Yes Yes and striping design guidelines?
Parallel parking with Parallel parking with
Is on‐street parking provided? door‐side buffered bike door‐side buffered bike
lane lane
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐mph): 35 mph 35 mph
Does the bikeway on the study segment and side Study Segment Only Study Segment Only streets meet and/or exceed the Bicycle Master Plan?
Is there enhanced bicycle detection or video detection No No provided at intersections?
Any bicycle racks are provided along segment? No No
Bicycle Facility Provided: Bike Lane Bike Lane
Lane Width (ft) Lane Width (ft)
5 5
Bicycle Buffer Width (ft) Bicycle Buffer Width (ft)
2 2
Bike lanes are striped Bike lanes are striped
continuously through continuously through
the study segment? the study segment?
Yes Yes
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
E16
_
‐
X ROADWAY INFO
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From Poinsettia Boulevard
To Windrose Circle
Street Typology from Mobility Element Neighborhood Connector
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2 way total) 14,058
NB SCORE | LOS SB SCORE | LOS PEDESTRIAN 100 | A 100 | A
Roadway Direction
NB SB
* Do pedestrian crossings appear consistent with the CA Yes Yes MUTCD?
* Minimum Sidewalk Unobstructed Width in Feet 5 5(Minimum ADA unobstructed width requirement is 4'):
* Do sidewalks appear to meet ADA requirements (e.g., Yes Yes cross‐slope and trip hazards)?
* Do ramps and landings appear to meet ADA Yes Yes requirements?
* Do the street light locations appear adequate? Yes Yes
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐mph): 35 mph 35 mph
Number of Through Lanes: 1 1
Are there 3 lanes or less to be crossed without pedestrian Yes Yes refuge? (Include turn lanes in count)
Width (ft.) of landscaped buffer between pedestrian 0' to 2' 0'to 2' facility and vehicle travel way:
Does on‐street parking or a bike lane provide 6' or more Yes Yes buffer between pedestrians and vehicle travel way?
Any apparent sight distance issues at intersections and No Nopedestrian crossings?
Are there any permanent speed control devices installed? No No
Are there traffic calming measures that reduce crossing Yes Yes width (e.g., bulbouts, chokers, right‐turn median island)?
Do crosswalks appear to be high visibility? Yes Yes
Are there intersection enhancements provided for
pedestrians (e.g., pedestrian signal phasing, countdown Yes Yes
heads)?
Are there Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFBs) at No Nostreet crossings?
Is there pedestrian scale lighting? No No
Do active building frontages appear to be present on 80% No Noof street curb line?
Does the street furniture appear to be oriented towards No Nobusinesses or attractions?
Do the street trees appear to provide shade over more Yes Yes than 50% of the sidewalk length?
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
E17
ROADWAY INFO X
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From Poinsettia Boulevard
To Windrose Circle
Street Typology from Mobility Element _Arterial Connector
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2‐way total) 14,058
BICYCLE NB SCORE | LOS SB SCORE | LOS
95 | A 95 | A
Roadway Direction
NB SB
* Do the roadway pavement conditions appear to be good Yes Yes (e.g., no pot holes)?
* Does bike facility on roadway appear to be free of Yes Yes obstructions (e.g., drainage grates)?
* Does the bicycle facility appear to meet MUTCD signing Yes Yes and striping design guidelines?
Is on‐street parking provided? No No
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐mph): 35 mph 35 mph
Does the bikeway on the study segment and side Study Segment Only Study Segment Only streets meet and/or exceed the Bicycle Master Plan?
Is there enhanced bicycle detection or video detection No No provided at intersections?
Any bicycle racks are provided along segment? No No
Bicycle Facility Provided: Bike Lane Bike Lane
Lane Width (ft) Lane Width (ft)
8 8
Bicycle Buffer Width (ft) Bicycle Buffer Width (ft)
3 3
Bike lanes are striped Bike lanes are striped
continuously through continuously through
the study segment? the study segment?
Yes Yes
E18
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
_
‐
ROADWAY INFO
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From Windrose Circle
To Carlsbad Boulevard
X
Street Typology from Mobility Element Neighborhood Connector
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2 way total) 2,850
NB SCORE | LOS PEDESTRIAN 100 | A
SB SCORE | LOS
100 | A
Roadway Direction
NB SB
* Do pedestrian crossings appear consistent with the CA
MUTCD? Yes Yes
* Minimum Sidewalk Unobstructed Width in Feet
(Minimum ADA unobstructed width requirement is 4'): 5 5
* Do sidewalks appear to meet ADA requirements (e.g.,
cross‐slope and trip hazards)? Yes Yes
* Do ramps and landings appear to meet ADA
requirements? Yes Yes
* Do the street light locations appear adequate? Yes Yes
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐mph): 35 mph 35 mph
Number of Through Lanes: 1 1
Are there 3 lanes or less to be crossed without pedestrian
refuge? (Include turn lanes in count) Yes Yes
Width (ft.) of landscaped buffer between pedestrian
facility and vehicle travel way: 0' to 2' 0' to 2'
Does on‐street parking or a bike lane provide 6' or more
buffer between pedestrians and vehicle travel way? Yes Yes
Any apparent sight distance issues at intersections and
pedestrian crossings? No No
Are there any permanent speed control devices installed? No No
Are there traffic calming measures that reduce crossing
width (e.g., bulbouts, chokers, right‐turn median island)? Yes Yes
Do crosswalks appear to be high visibility? Yes Yes
Are there intersection enhancements provided for
pedestrians (e.g., pedestrian signal phasing, countdown
heads)?
Yes Yes
Are there Rectangular Rapid Flashing Beacons (RRFBs) at
street crossings? No No
Is there pedestrian scale lighting? No No
Do active building frontages appear to be present on 80%
of street curb line? No No
Does the street furniture appear to be oriented towards
businesses or attractions? No No
Do the street trees appear to provide shade over more
than 50% of the sidewalk length? Yes Yes
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
E19
ROADWAY INFO X
Roadway Name Avenida Encinas
From Windrose Circle
To Carlsbad Boulevard
Street Typology from Mobility Element _Arterial Connector
Average Daily Traffic (ADT) volume (2‐way total) 2,850
BICYCLE NB SCORE | LOS SB SCORE | LOS
100 | A 100 | A
Roadway Direction
NB SB
* Do the roadway pavement conditions appear to be good Yes Yes (e.g., no pot holes)?
* Does bike facility on roadway appear to be free of Yes Yes obstructions (e.g., drainage grates)?
* Does the bicycle facility appear to meet MUTCD signing Yes Yes and striping design guidelines?
Is on‐street parking provided? No No
Speed limit (miles per hour ‐mph): 35 mph 35 mph
Does the bikeway on the study segment and side Study Segment Only Study Segment Only streets meet and/or exceed the Bicycle Master Plan?
Is there enhanced bicycle detection or video detection No No provided at intersections?
Any bicycle racks are provided along segment? No No
Bicycle Facility Provided: Bike Lane Bike Lane
Lane Width (ft) Lane Width (ft)
7 7
Bicycle Buffer Width (ft) Bicycle Buffer Width (ft)
5 5
Bike lanes are striped Bike lanes are striped
continuously through continuously through
the study segment? the study segment?
Yes Yes
E20
* Indicates an essential feature that strongly supports and promotes the goals identifed in the Climate Action Plan (CAP).
Appendix F:
FHWA Guide for Improving Pedestrian
Safety at Unsignalized Crossing
Locations ‐Analysis Worksheets
Avenida Encinas & Ponto Drive .........................................................................................F1
Avenida Encinas & San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza driveway (north) ...........................F2
Avenida Encinas & Embarcadero Lane (north) ...................................................................F3
Avenida Encinas & Embarcadero Lane (south) ...................................................................F4
Avenida Encinas & Macadamia Drive .................................................................................F5
Avenida Encinas & Raintree Drive ......................................................................................F6
Avenida Encinas & Shopping Plaza driveway (south) ..........................................................F7
Avenida Encinas & Windrose Circle ....................................................................................F8
Avenida Encinas & Dory Lane / Meridian Way ....................................................................F9
Avenida Encinas & Carlsbad Poinsettia Coaster Station driveway ......................................F10
16
Guide for Improving Pedestrian Safety at Uncontrolled Crossing Locations
Table 1 provides initial countermeasure For multi-lane roadway crossings with
options for various roadway conditions. Each vehicle AADTs exceeding 10,000, a marked
matrix cell indicates possibilities that may crosswalk alone is typically insuffcient
be appropriate for designated pedestrian (Zegeer, 2005). Under such conditions, more
crossings. Not all of the countermeasures substantial crossing improvements (such as
listed in the matrix cell should necessarily be the refuge island, PHB, and RRFB) are also
installed at a crossing. needed to prevent an increase in pedestrian
crash potential.
Table 1. Application of pedestrian crash countermeasures by roadway feature.
Roadway Confguration
Posted Speed Limit and AADT
Vehicle AADT <9,000 Vehicle AADT 9,000–15,000 Vehicle AADT >15,000
≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph
2 lanes
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
9
3 lanes with raised median
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2 3
4 5
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
9
3 lanes w/o raised median
(1 lane in each direction with a
two-way left-turn lane)
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
5 6
9
4+ lanes with raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
8 9
4+ lanes w/o raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
Given the set of conditions in a cell, 1 High-visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate nighttime lighting levels, # Signifes that the countermeasure is a candidate and crossing warning signs treatment at a marked uncontrolled crossing location. 2 Raised crosswalkSignifes that the countermeasure should always be 3 Advance Yield Here To (Stop Here For) Pedestrians sign considered, but not mandated or required, based upon and yield (stop) lineengineering judgment at a marked uncontrolled 4 In-Street Pedestrian Crossing signcrossing location. 5 Curb extensionSignifes that crosswalk visibility enhancements should 6 Pedestrian refuge islandalways occur in conjunction with other identifed 7 Rectangular Rapid-Flashing Beacon (RRFB)** countermeasures.* 8 Road DietThe absence of a number signifes that the countermeasure 9 Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)** is generally not an appropriate treatment, but exceptions may be considered following engineering judgment.
*Refer to Chapter 4, 'Using Table 1 and Table 2 to Select Countermeasures,' for more information about using multiple countermeasures.
**It should be noted that the PHB and RRFB are not both installed at the same crossing location.
This table was developed using information from: Zegeer, C.V., J.R. Stewart, H.H. Huang, P.A. Lagerwey, J. Feaganes, and B.J. Campbell. (2005). Safety effects of marked versus unmarked crosswalks at uncontrolled locations: Final report and recommended guidelines. FHWA, No. FHWA-HRT-04-100, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Manual on Uniform Traffc Control Devices, 2009 Edition. (revised 2012). Chapter 4F, Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons. FHWA, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Crash Modifcation Factors (CMF) Clearinghouse. http://www.cmfclearinghouse.org/; FHWA. Pedestrian Safety Guide and Countermeasure Selection System (PEDSAFE). http://www.pedbikesafe.org/PEDSAFE/; Zegeer, C., R. Srinivasan, B. Lan, D. Carter, S. Smith, C. Sundstrom, N.J. Thirsk, J. Zegeer, C. Lyon, E. Ferguson, and R. Van Houten. (2017). NCHRP Report 841: Development of Crash Modifcation Factors for Uncontrolled Pedestrian Crossing Treatments. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; Thomas, Thirsk, and Zegeer. (2016). NCHRP Synthesis 498: Application of Pedestrian Crossing Treatments for Streets and Highways. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; and personal interviews with selected pedestrian safety practitioners.
Select Countermeasure(s) F1
16
Guide for Improving Pedestrian Safety at Uncontrolled Crossing Locations
Table 1 provides initial countermeasure For multi-lane roadway crossings with
options for various roadway conditions. Each vehicle AADTs exceeding 10,000, a marked
matrix cell indicates possibilities that may crosswalk alone is typically insuffcient
be appropriate for designated pedestrian (Zegeer, 2005). Under such conditions, more
crossings. Not all of the countermeasures substantial crossing improvements (such as
listed in the matrix cell should necessarily be the refuge island, PHB, and RRFB) are also
installed at a crossing. needed to prevent an increase in pedestrian
crash potential.
Table 1. Application of pedestrian crash countermeasures by roadway feature.
Roadway Confguration
Posted Speed Limit and AADT
Vehicle AADT <9,000 Vehicle AADT 9,000–15,000 Vehicle AADT >15,000
≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph
2 lanes
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
9
3 lanes with raised median
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2 3
4 5
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
9
3 lanes w/o raised median
(1 lane in each direction with a
two-way left-turn lane)
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
5 6
9
4+ lanes with raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
8 9
4+ lanes w/o raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
Given the set of conditions in a cell, 1 High-visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate nighttime lighting levels, # Signifes that the countermeasure is a candidate and crossing warning signs treatment at a marked uncontrolled crossing location. 2 Raised crosswalkSignifes that the countermeasure should always be 3 Advance Yield Here To (Stop Here For) Pedestrians sign considered, but not mandated or required, based upon and yield (stop) lineengineering judgment at a marked uncontrolled 4 In-Street Pedestrian Crossing signcrossing location. 5 Curb extensionSignifes that crosswalk visibility enhancements should 6 Pedestrian refuge islandalways occur in conjunction with other identifed 7 Rectangular Rapid-Flashing Beacon (RRFB)** countermeasures.* 8 Road DietThe absence of a number signifes that the countermeasure 9 Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)** is generally not an appropriate treatment, but exceptions may be considered following engineering judgment.
*Refer to Chapter 4, 'Using Table 1 and Table 2 to Select Countermeasures,' for more information about using multiple countermeasures.
**It should be noted that the PHB and RRFB are not both installed at the same crossing location.
This table was developed using information from: Zegeer, C.V., J.R. Stewart, H.H. Huang, P.A. Lagerwey, J. Feaganes, and B.J. Campbell. (2005). Safety effects of marked versus unmarked crosswalks at uncontrolled locations: Final report and recommended guidelines. FHWA, No. FHWA-HRT-04-100, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Manual on Uniform Traffc Control Devices, 2009 Edition. (revised 2012). Chapter 4F, Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons. FHWA, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Crash Modifcation Factors (CMF) Clearinghouse. http://www.cmfclearinghouse.org/; FHWA. Pedestrian Safety Guide and Countermeasure Selection System (PEDSAFE). http://www.pedbikesafe.org/PEDSAFE/; Zegeer, C., R. Srinivasan, B. Lan, D. Carter, S. Smith, C. Sundstrom, N.J. Thirsk, J. Zegeer, C. Lyon, E. Ferguson, and R. Van Houten. (2017). NCHRP Report 841: Development of Crash Modifcation Factors for Uncontrolled Pedestrian Crossing Treatments. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; Thomas, Thirsk, and Zegeer. (2016). NCHRP Synthesis 498: Application of Pedestrian Crossing Treatments for Streets and Highways. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; and personal interviews with selected pedestrian safety practitioners.
Select Countermeasure(s) F2
16
Guide for Improving Pedestrian Safety at Uncontrolled Crossing Locations
Table 1 provides initial countermeasure For multi-lane roadway crossings with
options for various roadway conditions. Each vehicle AADTs exceeding 10,000, a marked
matrix cell indicates possibilities that may crosswalk alone is typically insuffcient
be appropriate for designated pedestrian (Zegeer, 2005). Under such conditions, more
crossings. Not all of the countermeasures substantial crossing improvements (such as
listed in the matrix cell should necessarily be the refuge island, PHB, and RRFB) are also
installed at a crossing. needed to prevent an increase in pedestrian
crash potential.
Table 1. Application of pedestrian crash countermeasures by roadway feature.
Roadway Confguration
Posted Speed Limit and AADT
Vehicle AADT <9,000 Vehicle AADT 9,000–15,000 Vehicle AADT >15,000
≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph
2 lanes
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
9
3 lanes with raised median
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2 3
4 5
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
9
3 lanes w/o raised median
(1 lane in each direction with a
two-way left-turn lane)
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
5 6
9
4+ lanes with raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
8 9
4+ lanes w/o raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
Given the set of conditions in a cell, 1 High-visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate nighttime lighting levels, # Signifes that the countermeasure is a candidate and crossing warning signs treatment at a marked uncontrolled crossing location. 2 Raised crosswalkSignifes that the countermeasure should always be 3 Advance Yield Here To (Stop Here For) Pedestrians sign considered, but not mandated or required, based upon and yield (stop) lineengineering judgment at a marked uncontrolled 4 In-Street Pedestrian Crossing signcrossing location. 5 Curb extensionSignifes that crosswalk visibility enhancements should 6 Pedestrian refuge islandalways occur in conjunction with other identifed 7 Rectangular Rapid-Flashing Beacon (RRFB)** countermeasures.* 8 Road DietThe absence of a number signifes that the countermeasure 9 Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)** is generally not an appropriate treatment, but exceptions may be considered following engineering judgment.
*Refer to Chapter 4, 'Using Table 1 and Table 2 to Select Countermeasures,' for more information about using multiple countermeasures.
**It should be noted that the PHB and RRFB are not both installed at the same crossing location.
This table was developed using information from: Zegeer, C.V., J.R. Stewart, H.H. Huang, P.A. Lagerwey, J. Feaganes, and B.J. Campbell. (2005). Safety effects of marked versus unmarked crosswalks at uncontrolled locations: Final report and recommended guidelines. FHWA, No. FHWA-HRT-04-100, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Manual on Uniform Traffc Control Devices, 2009 Edition. (revised 2012). Chapter 4F, Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons. FHWA, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Crash Modifcation Factors (CMF) Clearinghouse. http://www.cmfclearinghouse.org/; FHWA. Pedestrian Safety Guide and Countermeasure Selection System (PEDSAFE). http://www.pedbikesafe.org/PEDSAFE/; Zegeer, C., R. Srinivasan, B. Lan, D. Carter, S. Smith, C. Sundstrom, N.J. Thirsk, J. Zegeer, C. Lyon, E. Ferguson, and R. Van Houten. (2017). NCHRP Report 841: Development of Crash Modifcation Factors for Uncontrolled Pedestrian Crossing Treatments. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; Thomas, Thirsk, and Zegeer. (2016). NCHRP Synthesis 498: Application of Pedestrian Crossing Treatments for Streets and Highways. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; and personal interviews with selected pedestrian safety practitioners.
Select Countermeasure(s) F3
16
Guide for Improving Pedestrian Safety at Uncontrolled Crossing Locations
Table 1 provides initial countermeasure For multi-lane roadway crossings with
options for various roadway conditions. Each vehicle AADTs exceeding 10,000, a marked
matrix cell indicates possibilities that may crosswalk alone is typically insuffcient
be appropriate for designated pedestrian (Zegeer, 2005). Under such conditions, more
crossings. Not all of the countermeasures substantial crossing improvements (such as
listed in the matrix cell should necessarily be the refuge island, PHB, and RRFB) are also
installed at a crossing. needed to prevent an increase in pedestrian
crash potential.
Table 1. Application of pedestrian crash countermeasures by roadway feature.
Roadway Confguration
Posted Speed Limit and AADT
Vehicle AADT <9,000 Vehicle AADT 9,000–15,000 Vehicle AADT >15,000
≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph
2 lanes
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
9
3 lanes with raised median
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2 3
4 5
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
9
3 lanes w/o raised median
(1 lane in each direction with a
two-way left-turn lane)
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
5 6
9
4+ lanes with raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
8 9
4+ lanes w/o raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
Given the set of conditions in a cell, 1 High-visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate nighttime lighting levels, # Signifes that the countermeasure is a candidate and crossing warning signs treatment at a marked uncontrolled crossing location. 2 Raised crosswalkSignifes that the countermeasure should always be 3 Advance Yield Here To (Stop Here For) Pedestrians sign considered, but not mandated or required, based upon and yield (stop) lineengineering judgment at a marked uncontrolled 4 In-Street Pedestrian Crossing signcrossing location. 5 Curb extensionSignifes that crosswalk visibility enhancements should 6 Pedestrian refuge islandalways occur in conjunction with other identifed 7 Rectangular Rapid-Flashing Beacon (RRFB)** countermeasures.* 8 Road DietThe absence of a number signifes that the countermeasure 9 Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)** is generally not an appropriate treatment, but exceptions may be considered following engineering judgment.
*Refer to Chapter 4, 'Using Table 1 and Table 2 to Select Countermeasures,' for more information about using multiple countermeasures.
**It should be noted that the PHB and RRFB are not both installed at the same crossing location.
This table was developed using information from: Zegeer, C.V., J.R. Stewart, H.H. Huang, P.A. Lagerwey, J. Feaganes, and B.J. Campbell. (2005). Safety effects of marked versus unmarked crosswalks at uncontrolled locations: Final report and recommended guidelines. FHWA, No. FHWA-HRT-04-100, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Manual on Uniform Traffc Control Devices, 2009 Edition. (revised 2012). Chapter 4F, Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons. FHWA, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Crash Modifcation Factors (CMF) Clearinghouse. http://www.cmfclearinghouse.org/; FHWA. Pedestrian Safety Guide and Countermeasure Selection System (PEDSAFE). http://www.pedbikesafe.org/PEDSAFE/; Zegeer, C., R. Srinivasan, B. Lan, D. Carter, S. Smith, C. Sundstrom, N.J. Thirsk, J. Zegeer, C. Lyon, E. Ferguson, and R. Van Houten. (2017). NCHRP Report 841: Development of Crash Modifcation Factors for Uncontrolled Pedestrian Crossing Treatments. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; Thomas, Thirsk, and Zegeer. (2016). NCHRP Synthesis 498: Application of Pedestrian Crossing Treatments for Streets and Highways. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; and personal interviews with selected pedestrian safety practitioners.
Select Countermeasure(s) F4
16
Guide for Improving Pedestrian Safety at Uncontrolled Crossing Locations
Table 1 provides initial countermeasure For multi-lane roadway crossings with
options for various roadway conditions. Each vehicle AADTs exceeding 10,000, a marked
matrix cell indicates possibilities that may crosswalk alone is typically insuffcient
be appropriate for designated pedestrian (Zegeer, 2005). Under such conditions, more
crossings. Not all of the countermeasures substantial crossing improvements (such as
listed in the matrix cell should necessarily be the refuge island, PHB, and RRFB) are also
installed at a crossing. needed to prevent an increase in pedestrian
crash potential.
Table 1. Application of pedestrian crash countermeasures by roadway feature.
Roadway Confguration
Posted Speed Limit and AADT
Vehicle AADT <9,000 Vehicle AADT 9,000–15,000 Vehicle AADT >15,000
≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph
2 lanes
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
9
3 lanes with raised median
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2 3
4 5
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
9
3 lanes w/o raised median
(1 lane in each direction with a
two-way left-turn lane)
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
5 6
9
4+ lanes with raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
8 9
4+ lanes w/o raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
Given the set of conditions in a cell, 1 High-visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate nighttime lighting levels, # Signifes that the countermeasure is a candidate and crossing warning signs treatment at a marked uncontrolled crossing location. 2 Raised crosswalkSignifes that the countermeasure should always be 3 Advance Yield Here To (Stop Here For) Pedestrians sign considered, but not mandated or required, based upon and yield (stop) lineengineering judgment at a marked uncontrolled 4 In-Street Pedestrian Crossing signcrossing location. 5 Curb extensionSignifes that crosswalk visibility enhancements should 6 Pedestrian refuge islandalways occur in conjunction with other identifed 7 Rectangular Rapid-Flashing Beacon (RRFB)** countermeasures.* 8 Road DietThe absence of a number signifes that the countermeasure 9 Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)** is generally not an appropriate treatment, but exceptions may be considered following engineering judgment.
*Refer to Chapter 4, 'Using Table 1 and Table 2 to Select Countermeasures,' for more information about using multiple countermeasures.
**It should be noted that the PHB and RRFB are not both installed at the same crossing location.
This table was developed using information from: Zegeer, C.V., J.R. Stewart, H.H. Huang, P.A. Lagerwey, J. Feaganes, and B.J. Campbell. (2005). Safety effects of marked versus unmarked crosswalks at uncontrolled locations: Final report and recommended guidelines. FHWA, No. FHWA-HRT-04-100, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Manual on Uniform Traffc Control Devices, 2009 Edition. (revised 2012). Chapter 4F, Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons. FHWA, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Crash Modifcation Factors (CMF) Clearinghouse. http://www.cmfclearinghouse.org/; FHWA. Pedestrian Safety Guide and Countermeasure Selection System (PEDSAFE). http://www.pedbikesafe.org/PEDSAFE/; Zegeer, C., R. Srinivasan, B. Lan, D. Carter, S. Smith, C. Sundstrom, N.J. Thirsk, J. Zegeer, C. Lyon, E. Ferguson, and R. Van Houten. (2017). NCHRP Report 841: Development of Crash Modifcation Factors for Uncontrolled Pedestrian Crossing Treatments. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; Thomas, Thirsk, and Zegeer. (2016). NCHRP Synthesis 498: Application of Pedestrian Crossing Treatments for Streets and Highways. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; and personal interviews with selected pedestrian safety practitioners.
Select Countermeasure(s) F5
16
Guide for Improving Pedestrian Safety at Uncontrolled Crossing Locations
Table 1 provides initial countermeasure For multi-lane roadway crossings with
options for various roadway conditions. Each vehicle AADTs exceeding 10,000, a marked
matrix cell indicates possibilities that may crosswalk alone is typically insuffcient
be appropriate for designated pedestrian (Zegeer, 2005). Under such conditions, more
crossings. Not all of the countermeasures substantial crossing improvements (such as
listed in the matrix cell should necessarily be the refuge island, PHB, and RRFB) are also
installed at a crossing. needed to prevent an increase in pedestrian
crash potential.
Table 1. Application of pedestrian crash countermeasures by roadway feature.
Roadway Confguration
Posted Speed Limit and AADT
Vehicle AADT <9,000 Vehicle AADT 9,000–15,000 Vehicle AADT >15,000
≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph
2 lanes
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
9
3 lanes with raised median
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2 3
4 5
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
9
3 lanes w/o raised median
(1 lane in each direction with a
two-way left-turn lane)
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
5 6
9
4+ lanes with raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
8 9
4+ lanes w/o raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
Given the set of conditions in a cell, 1 High-visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate nighttime lighting levels, # Signifes that the countermeasure is a candidate and crossing warning signs treatment at a marked uncontrolled crossing location. 2 Raised crosswalkSignifes that the countermeasure should always be 3 Advance Yield Here To (Stop Here For) Pedestrians sign considered, but not mandated or required, based upon and yield (stop) lineengineering judgment at a marked uncontrolled 4 In-Street Pedestrian Crossing signcrossing location. 5 Curb extensionSignifes that crosswalk visibility enhancements should 6 Pedestrian refuge islandalways occur in conjunction with other identifed 7 Rectangular Rapid-Flashing Beacon (RRFB)** countermeasures.* 8 Road DietThe absence of a number signifes that the countermeasure 9 Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)** is generally not an appropriate treatment, but exceptions may be considered following engineering judgment.
*Refer to Chapter 4, 'Using Table 1 and Table 2 to Select Countermeasures,' for more information about using multiple countermeasures.
**It should be noted that the PHB and RRFB are not both installed at the same crossing location.
This table was developed using information from: Zegeer, C.V., J.R. Stewart, H.H. Huang, P.A. Lagerwey, J. Feaganes, and B.J. Campbell. (2005). Safety effects of marked versus unmarked crosswalks at uncontrolled locations: Final report and recommended guidelines. FHWA, No. FHWA-HRT-04-100, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Manual on Uniform Traffc Control Devices, 2009 Edition. (revised 2012). Chapter 4F, Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons. FHWA, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Crash Modifcation Factors (CMF) Clearinghouse. http://www.cmfclearinghouse.org/; FHWA. Pedestrian Safety Guide and Countermeasure Selection System (PEDSAFE). http://www.pedbikesafe.org/PEDSAFE/; Zegeer, C., R. Srinivasan, B. Lan, D. Carter, S. Smith, C. Sundstrom, N.J. Thirsk, J. Zegeer, C. Lyon, E. Ferguson, and R. Van Houten. (2017). NCHRP Report 841: Development of Crash Modifcation Factors for Uncontrolled Pedestrian Crossing Treatments. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; Thomas, Thirsk, and Zegeer. (2016). NCHRP Synthesis 498: Application of Pedestrian Crossing Treatments for Streets and Highways. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; and personal interviews with selected pedestrian safety practitioners.
Select Countermeasure(s) F6
16
Guide for Improving Pedestrian Safety at Uncontrolled Crossing Locations
Table 1 provides initial countermeasure For multi-lane roadway crossings with
options for various roadway conditions. Each vehicle AADTs exceeding 10,000, a marked
matrix cell indicates possibilities that may crosswalk alone is typically insuffcient
be appropriate for designated pedestrian (Zegeer, 2005). Under such conditions, more
crossings. Not all of the countermeasures substantial crossing improvements (such as
listed in the matrix cell should necessarily be the refuge island, PHB, and RRFB) are also
installed at a crossing. needed to prevent an increase in pedestrian
crash potential.
Table 1. Application of pedestrian crash countermeasures by roadway feature.
Roadway Confguration
Posted Speed Limit and AADT
Vehicle AADT <9,000 Vehicle AADT 9,000–15,000 Vehicle AADT >15,000
≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph
2 lanes
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
9
3 lanes with raised median
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2 3
4 5
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
9
3 lanes w/o raised median
(1 lane in each direction with a
two-way left-turn lane)
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
5 6
9
4+ lanes with raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
8 9
4+ lanes w/o raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
Given the set of conditions in a cell, 1 High-visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate nighttime lighting levels, # Signifes that the countermeasure is a candidate and crossing warning signs treatment at a marked uncontrolled crossing location. 2 Raised crosswalkSignifes that the countermeasure should always be 3 Advance Yield Here To (Stop Here For) Pedestrians sign considered, but not mandated or required, based upon and yield (stop) lineengineering judgment at a marked uncontrolled 4 In-Street Pedestrian Crossing signcrossing location. 5 Curb extensionSignifes that crosswalk visibility enhancements should 6 Pedestrian refuge islandalways occur in conjunction with other identifed 7 Rectangular Rapid-Flashing Beacon (RRFB)** countermeasures.* 8 Road DietThe absence of a number signifes that the countermeasure 9 Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)** is generally not an appropriate treatment, but exceptions may be considered following engineering judgment.
*Refer to Chapter 4, 'Using Table 1 and Table 2 to Select Countermeasures,' for more information about using multiple countermeasures.
**It should be noted that the PHB and RRFB are not both installed at the same crossing location.
This table was developed using information from: Zegeer, C.V., J.R. Stewart, H.H. Huang, P.A. Lagerwey, J. Feaganes, and B.J. Campbell. (2005). Safety effects of marked versus unmarked crosswalks at uncontrolled locations: Final report and recommended guidelines. FHWA, No. FHWA-HRT-04-100, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Manual on Uniform Traffc Control Devices, 2009 Edition. (revised 2012). Chapter 4F, Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons. FHWA, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Crash Modifcation Factors (CMF) Clearinghouse. http://www.cmfclearinghouse.org/; FHWA. Pedestrian Safety Guide and Countermeasure Selection System (PEDSAFE). http://www.pedbikesafe.org/PEDSAFE/; Zegeer, C., R. Srinivasan, B. Lan, D. Carter, S. Smith, C. Sundstrom, N.J. Thirsk, J. Zegeer, C. Lyon, E. Ferguson, and R. Van Houten. (2017). NCHRP Report 841: Development of Crash Modifcation Factors for Uncontrolled Pedestrian Crossing Treatments. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; Thomas, Thirsk, and Zegeer. (2016). NCHRP Synthesis 498: Application of Pedestrian Crossing Treatments for Streets and Highways. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; and personal interviews with selected pedestrian safety practitioners.
Select Countermeasure(s) F7
16
Guide for Improving Pedestrian Safety at Uncontrolled Crossing Locations
Table 1 provides initial countermeasure For multi-lane roadway crossings with
options for various roadway conditions. Each vehicle AADTs exceeding 10,000, a marked
matrix cell indicates possibilities that may crosswalk alone is typically insuffcient
be appropriate for designated pedestrian (Zegeer, 2005). Under such conditions, more
crossings. Not all of the countermeasures substantial crossing improvements (such as
listed in the matrix cell should necessarily be the refuge island, PHB, and RRFB) are also
installed at a crossing. needed to prevent an increase in pedestrian
crash potential.
Table 1. Application of pedestrian crash countermeasures by roadway feature.
Roadway Confguration
Posted Speed Limit and AADT
Vehicle AADT <9,000 Vehicle AADT 9,000–15,000 Vehicle AADT >15,000
≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph
2 lanes
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
9
3 lanes with raised median
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2 3
4 5
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
9
3 lanes w/o raised median
(1 lane in each direction with a
two-way left-turn lane)
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
5 6
9
4+ lanes with raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
8 9
4+ lanes w/o raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
Given the set of conditions in a cell, 1 High-visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate nighttime lighting levels, # Signifes that the countermeasure is a candidate and crossing warning signs treatment at a marked uncontrolled crossing location. 2 Raised crosswalkSignifes that the countermeasure should always be 3 Advance Yield Here To (Stop Here For) Pedestrians sign considered, but not mandated or required, based upon and yield (stop) lineengineering judgment at a marked uncontrolled 4 In-Street Pedestrian Crossing signcrossing location. 5 Curb extensionSignifes that crosswalk visibility enhancements should 6 Pedestrian refuge islandalways occur in conjunction with other identifed 7 Rectangular Rapid-Flashing Beacon (RRFB)** countermeasures.* 8 Road DietThe absence of a number signifes that the countermeasure 9 Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)** is generally not an appropriate treatment, but exceptions may be considered following engineering judgment.
*Refer to Chapter 4, 'Using Table 1 and Table 2 to Select Countermeasures,' for more information about using multiple countermeasures.
**It should be noted that the PHB and RRFB are not both installed at the same crossing location.
This table was developed using information from: Zegeer, C.V., J.R. Stewart, H.H. Huang, P.A. Lagerwey, J. Feaganes, and B.J. Campbell. (2005). Safety effects of marked versus unmarked crosswalks at uncontrolled locations: Final report and recommended guidelines. FHWA, No. FHWA-HRT-04-100, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Manual on Uniform Traffc Control Devices, 2009 Edition. (revised 2012). Chapter 4F, Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons. FHWA, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Crash Modifcation Factors (CMF) Clearinghouse. http://www.cmfclearinghouse.org/; FHWA. Pedestrian Safety Guide and Countermeasure Selection System (PEDSAFE). http://www.pedbikesafe.org/PEDSAFE/; Zegeer, C., R. Srinivasan, B. Lan, D. Carter, S. Smith, C. Sundstrom, N.J. Thirsk, J. Zegeer, C. Lyon, E. Ferguson, and R. Van Houten. (2017). NCHRP Report 841: Development of Crash Modifcation Factors for Uncontrolled Pedestrian Crossing Treatments. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; Thomas, Thirsk, and Zegeer. (2016). NCHRP Synthesis 498: Application of Pedestrian Crossing Treatments for Streets and Highways. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; and personal interviews with selected pedestrian safety practitioners.
Select Countermeasure(s) F8
16
Guide for Improving Pedestrian Safety at Uncontrolled Crossing Locations
Table 1 provides initial countermeasure For multi-lane roadway crossings with
options for various roadway conditions. Each vehicle AADTs exceeding 10,000, a marked
matrix cell indicates possibilities that may crosswalk alone is typically insuffcient
be appropriate for designated pedestrian (Zegeer, 2005). Under such conditions, more
crossings. Not all of the countermeasures substantial crossing improvements (such as
listed in the matrix cell should necessarily be the refuge island, PHB, and RRFB) are also
installed at a crossing. needed to prevent an increase in pedestrian
crash potential.
Table 1. Application of pedestrian crash countermeasures by roadway feature.
Roadway Confguration
Posted Speed Limit and AADT
Vehicle AADT <9,000 Vehicle AADT 9,000–15,000 Vehicle AADT >15,000
≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph
2 lanes
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
9
3 lanes with raised median
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2 3
4 5
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
9
3 lanes w/o raised median
(1 lane in each direction with a
two-way left-turn lane)
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
5 6
9
4+ lanes with raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
8 9
4+ lanes w/o raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
Given the set of conditions in a cell, 1 High-visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate nighttime lighting levels, # Signifes that the countermeasure is a candidate and crossing warning signs treatment at a marked uncontrolled crossing location. 2 Raised crosswalkSignifes that the countermeasure should always be 3 Advance Yield Here To (Stop Here For) Pedestrians sign considered, but not mandated or required, based upon and yield (stop) lineengineering judgment at a marked uncontrolled 4 In-Street Pedestrian Crossing signcrossing location. 5 Curb extensionSignifes that crosswalk visibility enhancements should 6 Pedestrian refuge islandalways occur in conjunction with other identifed 7 Rectangular Rapid-Flashing Beacon (RRFB)** countermeasures.* 8 Road DietThe absence of a number signifes that the countermeasure 9 Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)** is generally not an appropriate treatment, but exceptions may be considered following engineering judgment.
*Refer to Chapter 4, 'Using Table 1 and Table 2 to Select Countermeasures,' for more information about using multiple countermeasures.
**It should be noted that the PHB and RRFB are not both installed at the same crossing location.
This table was developed using information from: Zegeer, C.V., J.R. Stewart, H.H. Huang, P.A. Lagerwey, J. Feaganes, and B.J. Campbell. (2005). Safety effects of marked versus unmarked crosswalks at uncontrolled locations: Final report and recommended guidelines. FHWA, No. FHWA-HRT-04-100, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Manual on Uniform Traffc Control Devices, 2009 Edition. (revised 2012). Chapter 4F, Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons. FHWA, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Crash Modifcation Factors (CMF) Clearinghouse. http://www.cmfclearinghouse.org/; FHWA. Pedestrian Safety Guide and Countermeasure Selection System (PEDSAFE). http://www.pedbikesafe.org/PEDSAFE/; Zegeer, C., R. Srinivasan, B. Lan, D. Carter, S. Smith, C. Sundstrom, N.J. Thirsk, J. Zegeer, C. Lyon, E. Ferguson, and R. Van Houten. (2017). NCHRP Report 841: Development of Crash Modifcation Factors for Uncontrolled Pedestrian Crossing Treatments. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; Thomas, Thirsk, and Zegeer. (2016). NCHRP Synthesis 498: Application of Pedestrian Crossing Treatments for Streets and Highways. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; and personal interviews with selected pedestrian safety practitioners.
Select Countermeasure(s) F9
16
Guide for Improving Pedestrian Safety at Uncontrolled Crossing Locations
Table 1 provides initial countermeasure For multi-lane roadway crossings with
options for various roadway conditions. Each vehicle AADTs exceeding 10,000, a marked
matrix cell indicates possibilities that may crosswalk alone is typically insuffcient
be appropriate for designated pedestrian (Zegeer, 2005). Under such conditions, more
crossings. Not all of the countermeasures substantial crossing improvements (such as
listed in the matrix cell should necessarily be the refuge island, PHB, and RRFB) are also
installed at a crossing. needed to prevent an increase in pedestrian
crash potential.
Table 1. Application of pedestrian crash countermeasures by roadway feature.
Roadway Confguration
Posted Speed Limit and AADT
Vehicle AADT <9,000 Vehicle AADT 9,000–15,000 Vehicle AADT >15,000
≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph ≤30 mph 35 mph ≥40 mph
2 lanes
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
4 5 6
7 9
1
5 6
7 9
1
5 6
9
3 lanes with raised median
(1 lane in each direction)
1 2 3
4 5
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
4 5
7 9
1 3
5
7 9
1 3
5
9
3 lanes w/o raised median
(1 lane in each direction with a
two-way left-turn lane)
1 2 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
4 5 6
7 9
1 3
5 6
9
1 3
5 6
9
4+ lanes with raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
7 8 9
1 3
5
8 9
1 3
5
8 9
4+ lanes w/o raised median
(2 or more lanes in each direction)
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
7 8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
1 3
5 6
8 9
Given the set of conditions in a cell, 1 High-visibility crosswalk markings, parking restrictions on crosswalk approach, adequate nighttime lighting levels, # Signifes that the countermeasure is a candidate and crossing warning signs treatment at a marked uncontrolled crossing location. 2 Raised crosswalkSignifes that the countermeasure should always be 3 Advance Yield Here To (Stop Here For) Pedestrians sign considered, but not mandated or required, based upon and yield (stop) lineengineering judgment at a marked uncontrolled 4 In-Street Pedestrian Crossing signcrossing location. 5 Curb extensionSignifes that crosswalk visibility enhancements should 6 Pedestrian refuge islandalways occur in conjunction with other identifed 7 Rectangular Rapid-Flashing Beacon (RRFB)** countermeasures.* 8 Road DietThe absence of a number signifes that the countermeasure 9 Pedestrian Hybrid Beacon (PHB)** is generally not an appropriate treatment, but exceptions may be considered following engineering judgment.
*Refer to Chapter 4, 'Using Table 1 and Table 2 to Select Countermeasures,' for more information about using multiple countermeasures.
**It should be noted that the PHB and RRFB are not both installed at the same crossing location.
This table was developed using information from: Zegeer, C.V., J.R. Stewart, H.H. Huang, P.A. Lagerwey, J. Feaganes, and B.J. Campbell. (2005). Safety effects of marked versus unmarked crosswalks at uncontrolled locations: Final report and recommended guidelines. FHWA, No. FHWA-HRT-04-100, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Manual on Uniform Traffc Control Devices, 2009 Edition. (revised 2012). Chapter 4F, Pedestrian Hybrid Beacons. FHWA, Washington, D.C.; FHWA. Crash Modifcation Factors (CMF) Clearinghouse. http://www.cmfclearinghouse.org/; FHWA. Pedestrian Safety Guide and Countermeasure Selection System (PEDSAFE). http://www.pedbikesafe.org/PEDSAFE/; Zegeer, C., R. Srinivasan, B. Lan, D. Carter, S. Smith, C. Sundstrom, N.J. Thirsk, J. Zegeer, C. Lyon, E. Ferguson, and R. Van Houten. (2017). NCHRP Report 841: Development of Crash Modifcation Factors for Uncontrolled Pedestrian Crossing Treatments. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; Thomas, Thirsk, and Zegeer. (2016). NCHRP Synthesis 498: Application of Pedestrian Crossing Treatments for Streets and Highways. Transportation Research Board, Washington, D.C.; and personal interviews with selected pedestrian safety practitioners.
Select Countermeasure(s) F10
Appendix G:
CA MUTCD Pedestrian Hybrid
Beacon Warrant Analysis
Worksheet G1-G2
G1
2/23/22, 3:57 PM Figure 4F-2 Long Description - MUTCD 2009 Edition - FHWA
750 150 750 25 750 20* 750 20*
500 — 500 150 500 25 500 20*
250 — 250 — 250 300 250 100
225 — 225 — 175 500 100 500
* Note: 20 pph applies as the lower threshold volume.
Back to Chapter 4F
G2https://mutcd.fhwa.dot.gov/htm/2009/part4/fig4f_02_longdesc.htm 2/2
Appendix H:
CA MUTCD Traffic Signal
Warrant Analysis Worksheets
H1-H10
California MUTCD 2014 Edition Page 844 (FHWA’s MUTCD 2009 Edition, including Revisions 1 & 2, as amended for use in California)
Chapter 4C – Traffic Control Signal Needs Studies November 7, 2014 Part 4 – Highway Traffic Signals H1
California MUTCD 2014 Edition Page 845 (FHWA’s MUTCD 2009 Edition, including Revisions 1 & 2, as amended for use in California)
Chapter 4C – Traffic Control Signal Needs Studies November 7, 2014 Part 4 – Highway Traffic Signals H2
California MUTCD 2014 Edition Page 846 (FHWA’s MUTCD 2009 Edition, including Revisions 1 & 2, as amended for use in California)
Chapter 4C – Traffic Control Signal Needs Studies November 7, 2014 Part 4 – Highway Traffic Signals H3
California MUTCD 2014 Edition Page 847 (FHWA’s MUTCD 2009 Edition, including Revisions 1 & 2, as amended for use in California)
Chapter 4C – Traffic Control Signal Needs Studies November 7, 2014 Part 4 – Highway Traffic Signals H4
California MUTCD 2014 Edition Page 848 (FHWA’s MUTCD 2009 Edition, including Revisions 1 & 2, as amended for use in California)
Chapter 4C – Traffic Control Signal Needs Studies November 7, 2014 Part 4 – Highway Traffic Signals H5
_____________________________________________________________________________________
California MUTCD 2014 Edition Page 839 (FHWA’s MUTCD 2009 Edition, including Revisions 1 & 2, as amended for use in California)
Chapter 4C – Traffic Control Signal Needs Studies November 7, 2014 Part 4 – Highway Traffic Signals H6
_____________________________________________________________________________________
California MUTCD 2014 Edition Page 840 (FHWA’s MUTCD 2009 Edition, including Revisions 1 & 2, as amended for use in California)
Chapter 4C – Traffic Control Signal Needs Studies November 7, 2014 Part 4 – Highway Traffic Signals H7
_____________________________________________________________________________________
California MUTCD 2014 Edition Page 841 (FHWA’s MUTCD 2009 Edition, including Revisions 1 & 2, as amended for use in California)
Chapter 4C – Traffic Control Signal Needs Studies November 7, 2014 Part 4 – Highway Traffic Signals H8
_____________________________________________________________________________________
California MUTCD 2014 Edition Page 842 (FHWA’s MUTCD 2009 Edition, including Revisions 1 & 2, as amended for use in California)
Chapter 4C – Traffic Control Signal Needs Studies November 7, 2014 Part 4 – Highway Traffic Signals H9
_____________________________________________________________________________________
California MUTCD 2014 Edition Page 843 (FHWA’s MUTCD 2009 Edition, including Revisions 1 & 2, as amended for use in California)
Chapter 4C – Traffic Control Signal Needs Studies November 7, 2014 Part 4 – Highway Traffic Signals H10
Appendix I:
SWITRS Collision Data
Avenida Encinas Corridor
CASE_ID Year COLLISION_DATE COLLISION_TIME
DAY_OF_
WEEK PRIMARY_RD SECONDARY_RD DISTANCE DIRECTION
WEATHER
_1 COLLISION_SEVERITY TYPE_OF_COLLISION MVIW LATITUDE LONGITUDE
81450876 2021 20210324 210 Wed. AVENIDA ENCINAS PALOMAR AIRPORT RD 1476 N Clear Complaint of Pain Hit Object
Fixed
Object 33.12247 117.32497
81515376 2021 20210609 2151 Wed. AVENIDA ENCINAS EMBARCADERO LN (W) 600 N Clear Complaint of Pain Hit Object
Fixed
Object 33.11035 117.31741
81589003 2021 20210913 2000 Mon. AVENIDA ENCINAS WINDROSE CR 150 N Clear PDO Hit Object
Fixed
Object 33.09609 117.30745
81625507 2021 20211114 1730 Sun. AVENIDA ENCINAS PALOMAR AIRPORT RD 12 N Clear Complaint of Pain Rear‐End
Other
Motor
Vehicle 33.12247 117.32497
81704683 2021 20211020 2216 Wed. AVENIDA ENCINAS POINSETTIA VILLAGE DY (W) 46 S Clear Other Visible Injury Overturned
Non‐
Collision 33.1013 117.31242
Source: Statewide Integrated Traffic Records System (SWITRS). Accessed March 28, 2022
I1
Appendix H
Vehicle Miles Traveled Analysis
VMT Analysis – Technical Memorandum
Project: Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail, Carlsbad California
Date: May 20, 2022
To: Brandon Miles, PE, TE, Associate Engineer – Public Works (Transportation), City of
Carlsbad
From: David DiPierro, TE, Senior Principal Manager, STC Traffic, Inc.
Philip Wragg, AICP, Project Planner, STC Traffic, Inc.
STC is pleased to present this Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) Analysis Technical Memorandum to support
the proposed Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail (CRT) project in the City of Carlsbad California. This
memorandum provides a VMT Analysis in line with the City of Carlsbad VMT Analysis Guidelines
(September 15, 2020).
Project Description
The project includes a variety of complete street, traffic system, and aesthetic improvements along
Avenida Encinas within the City limits and is state and federally funded with an Active Transportation
Program (ATP) grant. The purpose of this project is to create a balanced multi-modal corridor with
improved bicycle and pedestrian facilities that will increase mobility and safety along the corridor for all
users. The project is located within the City limits along Avenida Encinas between Palomar Airport Road
and Carlsbad Boulevard.Attachment A shows the project location. The proposed enhancements include:
• Class II directional bikeway separated from the adjacent travel lane with a buffer. Where parking
is provided, the parking lane will be against the curb with the bike lane situated to the left of the
parking lane separated with a buffer.
• Pedestrian accessibility improvements including sidewalk, curb ramps, crosswalk enhancements,
curb extensions to reduce crossing distance, LED countdown heads and audible signals.
• Enhanced pedestrian and bicycle access to regional and local transit and important community
destinations along the corridor.
• Installation of a Pedestrian Signal at Avenida Encinas & San Carlos Street / Shopping Plaza
driveway.
• Installation of new sidewalks where sidewalk gaps exist.
• Traffic signal system and operation improvements.
• Traffic calming improvements.
Attachment B shows the proposed project enhancements.
VMT Analysis
The City of Carlsbad has published VMT Analysis Guidelines (September 15, 2020) to implement Senate
Bill 743. Consistent with the Governor’s Office of Planning and Research (OPR) Guidelines, the City has
changed the metric for evaluating CEQA transportation impacts from level of service (LOS) to VMT.
STC Traffic, Inc.
5973 Avenida Encinas, Suite 218 | Carlsbad, CA 92008
www.stctraffic.com
Section4.1 oftheguidelines listscertaintypesoftransportation projectsthatarepresumedto havealess
than significant impact on transportation including the following which are consistent with the proposed
project:
• Installation, removal, or reconfiguration of traffic lanes that are not for through traffic, such as
left, right, and U-turn pockets, two-way left turn lanes, or emergency breakdown lanes that are
not utilized as through lanes.
• Reduction in number of through lanes.
• Timing of signals to optimize vehicle, bicycle, or pedestrian flow.
• Installation or reconfiguration of traffic calming devices.
• Addition of new or enhanced bike or pedestrian facilities on existing streets/highways or within
existing public rights-of-way.
Therefore, the project would have a less than significant impact on VMT because it screens out based on
projecttype.Basedonthisanalysis,STCunderstandsthattheprojectwillnotbesubjecttoVMTmitigation
measures and no further VMT analysis is required. Please do not hesitate to contact me or Phil Wragg
(Philip.Wragg@stctraffic.com) should you have any further questions or concerns.
Sincerely,
STC Traffic
David DiPierro, TE,
Senior Principal Manager
Attachment A: Project Location
Attachment B: Proposed Project Enhancements
Avenida Encinas CRT Project
VMT Analysis – Technical Memorandum 3
Attachment A: Project Location
Avenida Encinas CRT Project VMT Analysis – Technical Memorandum
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
A
LEGEND
Study Intersection
Project Study Area
Interstate
State Route
#
XX
INTERST TE
XX
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Poinsettia Lane
Attachment A
Project Location
Inset: Regional Location
5
INTERST TE
5
INTERST TE
15
INTERST TE
15
INTERST TE
805 INTERST TE
56
67
67
52
125
94
76
78
78
Avenida Encinas CRT
Attachment B: Proposed Project Enhancements
Avenida Encinas CRT Project VMT Analysis – Technical Memorandum
A
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BL BL BL Avenida Encinas LEGEND BL
# Study IntersectionDory Existing Signal ControlLane
Existing Stop ControlledPontoMeridian CarlsbadWay Drive BL ApproachBoulevard SB New Pedestrian Signal
Intersection Enhacement -Carlsbad BL C Continental CrosswalkBoulevard C B BL C BL C BL NB C Intersection Enhacement -NOT TO SCALEAvenida Encinas Avenida Encinas BAvenida Encinas & Dory Lane/Meridian Way Avenida Encinas & Avenida Encinas & Avenida Encinas & Corner Bulb-Out14 15a 15bPonto Drive Carlsbad Boulevard NB Carlsbad Boulevard SB New Continental Crosswalk
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11
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in 2 1
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Carlsbad Boulevard 15b
Attachment B
Proposed Project Enhancements
14
Appendix I
Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting
Program
Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program Page 1 of 12
City of Carlsbad Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project
Mitigation Monitoring and Reporting Program
The California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) requires the adoption of feasible mitigation measures to reduce the severity and magnitude of potentially
significant environmental impacts associated with project development.
CEQA Guidelines Section 15091(d) states:
When making the findings required in subdivision (a)(1), the CEQA Lead Agency shall also adopt a program for reporting on or monitoring the changes which it has
either required in the project or made a condition of approval to avoid or substantially lessen significant environmental effects. These measures must be
enforceable through permit conditions, agreements, or other measures.
CEQA Guidelines Section 15097(a) states:
This section applies when a public agency has made the findings required under paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of section 15091 to adopt a mitigated negative
declaration in conjunction with approving a project. In order to assure that the mitigation measures and project revisions identified in the negative declaration are
implemented, the public agency shall adopt a program for monitoring or reporting on the revisions which it has required in the project and the measures it has
imposed to mitigate or avoid significant environmental effects.
Mitigation Measures
Mitigation Measures Monitoring or Reporting Action Timing of Monitoring or Reporting Action Responsible Party
Compliance
Verification Date
BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES
BIO-1 Gnatcatcher Nesting Season Avoidance. No clearing of
occupied gnatcatcher habitat may occur between March
1 and August 15 per the conditions of coverage for this
species.
Include in contract specifications. March 1 to August 15 Construction
contractor
BIO-2 Nesting Bird Avoidance. Potential direct impacts to
nesting bird species protected under the MBTA and CFG
Code shall be mitigated by restricting brushing, clearing/grubbing, and grading to outside of the breeding
season of most bird species (general breeding season is
January 15 to September 15). Grubbing, grading, or
clearing during the breeding season could occur if it is
determined, based on the results of a
Conduct surveys, if needed.
Notification to USFWS and/or CDFW, if needed.
Monitor construction activity
(fencing and noise), if necessary.
Prior to and during
construction between
January 15 and September 15, as
needed.
City of Carlsbad
Qualified biologist
Noise monitor
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preconstruction survey (see below), that no nesting birds
(or birds displaying breeding or nesting behavior) are
present immediately before impacting potential nesting
habitat. The City of Carlsbad shall be notified of any
sensitive bird species identified during the pre-
construction surveys.
If project impacts to vegetation or grading are necessary
within and/or adjacent to habitat during the bird
breeding season (January 15 to September 15), a qualified biologist shall conduct pre-construction surveys to
determine the presence or absence of nesting birds,
including raptors and sensitive bird species. The survey
shall begin not more than three days before the
beginning of impacts or grading activities. If nests of listed
birds, migratory birds, raptors, or other sensitive species
are located, they will be fenced with a protective buffer
of at least 500 feet from active nests of listed species, and
300 feet from other sensitive bird species. Nests of non-
sensitive bird species will be flagged for avoidance, and
an appropriate setback determined by the biologist. All
construction activity will be prohibited within the
identified setbacks until a qualified biologist has
determined that nesting behavior has ceased, nests have
failed, or young have fledged.
The USFWS shall be notified of any federally listed species
observed nesting within 500 feet of proposed grading
activities, and the CDFW shall be notified of any state
listed or special-status species observed nesting within
500 feet of proposed grading activities.
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If listed species are present and construction is to occur
during the nesting season, construction noise will be
measured regularly to maintain a threshold at or below
60 dBA hourly LEQ within 500 feet of breeding habitat
occupied by listed species. If noise levels supersede the
threshold, noise barriers shall be erected to reduce noise
impacts to occupied habitat from project construction to
below 60 dBA hourly LEQ, and/or the activities shall be
suspended until nesting is complete.
BIO-3 Compensatory Mitigation and Revegetation of
Temporary Impacts. Project mitigation for impacts to
native habitat types shall be provided to achieve no net
loss. Impacts to Group A riparian habitats (i.e., southern
willow scrub) shall be mitigated at a minimum 1:1 ratio,
Group C upland habitat (coastal sage scrub) at a 2:1 ratio,
and Group E upland habitat (non-native grassland
[disturbed]) at a 0.5:1 ratio.
Mitigation for permanent impacts to HMP Group A, C,
and E habitat shall be provided at an off-site location
approved by the City of Carlsbad. The project mitigation
for Group A and C habitat shall include a minimum 1:1 creation or substantial restoration to ensure no-net loss
of native habitat.
Southern Willow Scrub: Mitigation for impacts to 0.03
acre of Group A southern willow scrub is proposed to
occur at a 1:1 ratio through the use of 0.03 acre of the
City of Carlsbad’s unused North County Habitat Bank
mitigation credits.
Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub: Mitigation for impacts to 0.33
acre of Group C Diegan coastal sage scrub is proposed to
occur at a 2:1 ratio through one of the following options:
Confirm documentation of use of
available mitigation credits.
Prepare and submit Restoration Plan
(if mitigation credits are not used).
Recordation of Conservation
Easement, Restoration Plan,
Preserve Management Plan, long-
term management funding, and
Management Agreement
Prior to construction City of Carlsbad
Qualified biologist
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a) Use of 0.66 acre of SANDAG Sage Hill
Mitigation Parcel credits; or
b) Creation, restoration, and/or enhancement
at The Crossings site identified as a
“Proposed Future Mitigation Area”, and/or
another offsite location to be determined by
the City of Carlsbad, totaling 0.66 acre, with
at least 0.33 acre (1:1) composed of creation
or substantial restoration.
Non-native Grassland: Mitigation for impacts to 0.11 acre
of Group D non-native grassland is proposed to occur at a
0.5:1 ratio through the use of 0.06 credit at the City of
Carlsbad’s Lake Calavera Mitigation Parcel.
If mitigation credits are not used to mitigate for project
impacts to Diegan coastal sage scrub, a Restoration Plan
addressing compensatory mitigation for impacts to this
habitat shall be prepared for review and approval by the
City of Carlsbad’s Planning Department and HMP
Coordinator. The final restoration plan shall be submitted
for review at least 30 days before initiating project
impacts. Where the off-site mitigation would occur within
lands that are not already preserved in perpetuity and
subject to long-term management within an existing
biological conservation easement, the City of Carlsbad
shall record an Open Space Easement and a Conservation
Easement or Restrictive Covenant over the off-site
mitigation lands and provide long-term management.
Before clearing or impacts to any habitat, the following items shall be approved by the City of Carlsbad’s Planning
Department and HMP Coordinator and considered final:
Recordation of Conservation Easement, Restoration Plan,
Preserve Management Plan, long-term management
funding, and Management Agreement with qualified
preserve manager, if not the City of Carlsbad.
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BIO-4 Construction Fencing and Equipment Staging and
Maintenance. To help ensure errant impacts to sensitive
vegetation communities outside of the impact footprint
are avoided during construction, environmental fencing
(including silt fencing where determined necessary by the
SWPPP) would be installed at the edges of the impact
limits before the initiation of grading. All construction
staging shall occur within the approved limits of
construction.
Throughout construction, employees shall strictly limit
their activities, vehicles, equipment, and construction
materials to the fenced project footprint or within
existing developed areas. Equipment maintenance,
staging, and dispensing of fuel, oil, coolant, or any other
such activities shall occur in designated areas within the
fenced project impact limits. These designated areas shall
be located in previously developed and disturbed areas to
the maximum extent practicable in such a manner as to
prevent any runoff from entering adjacent off-site
habitats and shall be shown on the construction plans.
Fueling of equipment shall take place within existing
developed areas. Contractor equipment shall be checked
for leaks before operation and repair, as necessary. “No-
fueling zones” shall be designated on construction plans.
If work occurs beyond the fenced or demarcated limits of
impact, work shall cease until the problem has been
remedied to the satisfaction of City Planning. Impacts to
jurisdictional areas or HMP Habitat Groups that occur beyond the approved work limits fence shall be mitigated
in accordance with ratios specified in the Carlsbad HMP
or as otherwise determined by City Planning and in
coordination with the applicable resource agencies, as
appropriate. Temporary construction fencing shall be
removed upon project completion.
Monitor construction activities for
compliance and document in project
file.
During construction Construction
contractor
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BIO-5 Biological Construction Monitoring. A qualified biologist
will monitor the installation of environmental fencing
wherever it would abut sensitive vegetation communities,
jurisdictional waters or wetlands, or biological open
space. The biologist also will conduct a pre-construction
environmental training session for construction personnel
to inform them of the sensitive biological resources on-
site and avoidance measures to remain in compliance
with project approvals. The biologist also will monitor vegetation clearing, grubbing, and grading activities on a
regular basis to help ensure compliance with project
approvals.
Conduct pre-construction
environmental training.
Monitor construction activities for
compliance and document in project
file.
Prior to and during
construction
Construction
contractor
Qualified biologist
CULTURAL RESOURCES
CUL-1 Contractor Awareness Training. An archaeological
sensitivity training program will be developed in
consultation with the TCA tribe retained to monitor and
delivered by a qualified professional archaeologist prior
to the beginning of ground-disturbing work for
construction crews working within the project area. The
cultural awareness and sensitivity training shall provide
notification procedures if potential archaeological
material is discovered, procedures for coordination
between construction and monitoring personnel, and
information about other situations that may arise if
cultural resources, including human remains, are
discovered during construction. This training and
communication protocol shall be communicated to all
new construction personnel prior to construction crews
beginning ground-disturbing work on the project, and on
a poster that is placed in a visible location inside the
construction job trailer.
Conduct archaeological sensitivity
training.
Prior to construction Qualified
archaeologist
Construction
contractor
GEOLOGY AND SOILS
GEO-1 Unanticipated Discovery of Paleontological Resources. If
evidence of subsurface paleontological resources is found
during construction, excavation and other ground-
disturbing construction activity shall immediately cease at
If paleontological resources are
encountered, halt construction and
establish a temporary no-work
buffer zone. Notify City of Carlsbad.
During construction Qualified
paleontologist
Construction
contractor
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the location of the suspected paleontological exposure
plus a 50-foot radius around the suspected find (no-work
area) and the construction contractor shall contact the
City of Carlsbad Planning Division. With direction from the
City of Carlsbad Planning Division, a qualified
paleontologist shall evaluate the find prior to resuming
ground-disturbing construction activity in the no-work
area of the find. If warranted, the paleontologist shall
prepare a Paleontological Resources Mitigation Program for the salvage and curation of identified resources for
approval by the City of Carlsbad and implementation by
the construction contractor.
Prepare Paleontological Resources
Mitigation Program, if necessary.
Implement appropriate salvage and
curation measures.
NOISE
NOI-1 Construction Noise Management Plan. Noise levels from
project-related construction activities shall not exceed 10
dBA above existing ambient noise levels, or 70 dBA, when
measured at nearby noise-sensitive land uses or
receptors. A Construction Management Plan that
describes the measures included on the construction
plans to ensure compliance with the noise limit shall be
prepared and submitted to the City of Carlsbad Planning
Division for approval prior to issuance of the grading
permit. The following measures may be included to
reduce construction noise generated by graders and
scrapers:
• Construction equipment to be properly outfitted
and maintained with manufacturer-
recommended noise-reduction devices.
• Diesel equipment to be operated with closed
engine doors and equipped with factory-
recommended mufflers.
• Mobile or fixed “package” equipment (e.g., arc-
welders and air compressors) to be equipped
with shrouds and noise control features that are
readily available for that type of equipment.
Include in contract specifications.
Prepare and implement Construction
Noise Management Plan.
Prior to and during
construction
Construction
contractor
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• Electrically powered equipment to be used
instead of pneumatic or internal-combustion
powered equipment, where feasible.
• Unnecessary idling of internal combustion
engines (e.g., in excess of 5 minutes) to be
prohibited.
• Material stockpiles and mobile equipment
staging, parking, and maintenance areas to be
located as far as practicable from noise sensitive
receptors.
• The use of noise-producing signals, including
horns, whistles, alarms, and bells, shall be for
safety warning purposes only.
• No project-related public address or music
system shall be audible at any adjacent sensitive
receptor.
Temporary sound barriers or sound blankets may be
installed between construction operations and
adjacent noise-sensitive receptors. Due to equipment
exhaust pipes being approximately 7 to 8 feet above
ground, a sound wall at least 10 feet in height above
grade, to block the line-of-sight between project
construction activities and residences along the
northern, southern, and eastern property lines.
These barriers would mitigate noise levels to within
acceptable levels. To effectively reduce noise levels,
the sound barrier should be constructed of a material
with an STC rating of 22 or 23 with no gaps or
perforations and remain in place until the conclusion
of demolition, grading, and construction activities.
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• General working hours are Monday through
Friday, 7:00 a.m. - 6:00 p.m. Site mustering (i.e.,
gathering/assembly at the site) is not allowed
prior to and after the allowable working hours.
TRIBAL CULTURAL RESOURCES
TCR-1 Tribal Monitoring. Prior to the commencement of
ground-disturbing activities, the applicant shall:
a. Retain the services of a qualified archaeologist,
defined as one either meeting the Secretary of
the Interior’s 1997 Professional Qualification
Standards for Archeology or working under the
supervision of a qualified archaeologist, who
shall be on-site for ground-disturbing activities. In the event cultural material is encountered, the
archaeologist is empowered to temporarily
divert or halt grading to allow for coordination
with the Luiseño Native American monitor, or
other Traditionally and Culturally Affiliated
Luiseño tribe (“TCA Tribe”), and to determine the
significance of the discovery. The archaeologist
shall follow all standard procedures for cultural
materials that are not tribal cultural resources.
b. A Luiseño Native American monitor shall be
present during all ground disturbing activities.
Ground disturbing activities may include, but are
not limited to, archaeological studies,
geotechnical investigations, clearing, grubbing,
trenching, excavation, preparation for other
infrastructure, and grading activities.
c. Any and all uncovered artifacts of Luiseño Native
American cultural importance shall be returned
to the San Luis Rey Band of Mission Indians,
and/or the Most Likely Descendant for later
reburial on project site, if applicable, and not be
curated, unless ordered to do so by a federal
Luiseño Native American monitor
and archaeologist to be present at
pre-construction meetings and prior
to any ground disturbing-activities.
Should any cultural materials be
discovered, construction must halt
and notify San Luis Rey Band of Mission Indians and other Luiseño
tribes.
Should human remains be
encountered, halt work and notify
the San Diego County Medical
Examiner.
Prepare monitoring report.
Prior to any ground
disturbing activities/
construction, during
construction activities,
and following
construction.
Qualified
archaeologist
Qualified Native
American monitor
Construction
contractor
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agency or a court of competent jurisdiction.
d. The Luiseño Native American monitor shall be
present at the project’s pre-construction
meeting to discuss with grading and excavation
contractors excavation schedules and safety
issues, as well as to discuss with the
archaeological Principal Investigator (PI)
concerning the proposed archaeologist
techniques and/or strategies for the project.
e. Luiseño Native American monitors and
archaeological monitors shall have joint
authority to temporarily divert and/or halt
construction activities. If tribal cultural resources
are discovered during construction, all earth-
moving activity within and around the
immediate discovery area must be diverted until
the Luiseño Native American monitor and the
archaeologist can assess the nature and
significance of the find.
f. If a significant tribal cultural resource(s) and/or
unique archaeological resource(s) are discovered
during ground-disturbing activities for this
project, the San Luis Rey Band of Mission Indians
and other TCA tribes shall be notified and
consulted regarding the respectful and dignified
treatment of those resources. Pursuant to
California PRC Section 21083.2(b), avoidance is
the preferred method of preservation for archaeological and tribal cultural resources. If,
however, the applicant is able to demonstrate
that avoidance of a significant and/or unique
cultural resource is infeasible and a data
recovery plan, or other culturally appropriate
mitigation measure, is authorized by the City of
Carlsbad as the lead agency, the San Luis Rey
Band of Mission Indians and other TCA tribes
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shall be consulted regarding the drafting and
finalization of such recovery plan.
g. If suspected Native American human remains are
encountered, California Health and Safety Code
Section 7050.5(b) states that no further
disturbance shall occur until the San Diego
County Medical Examiner has made the
necessary findings as to origin. Further, pursuant
to California Public Resources Code Section 5097.98(b) remains shall be left in place and free
from disturbance until a final decision as to the
treatment and disposition has been made.
Suspected Native American remains shall be
examined in the field and kept in a secure
location at the site. A Luiseño Native American
monitor shall be present during the examination
of the remains. If the San Diego County Medical
Examiner determines the remains to be Native
American, the NAHC must be contacted by the
Medical Examiner within 24 hours. The NAHC
must then immediately notify the “Most Likely
Descendant” about the discovery. The Most
Likely Descendant shall then make
recommendations within 48 hours and engage in
consultation concerning treatment of remains as
provided in Public Resources Code 5097.98.
h. In the event that fill material is imported into the
project area, the fill shall be clean of tribal cultural resources and documented as such.
Commercial sources of fill material are already
permitted as appropriate and will be culturally
sterile. If fill material is to be utilized and/or
exported from areas within the project site, then
that fill material shall be analyzed and confirmed
by an archeologist and Luiseño Native American
monitor that such fill material does not contain
tribal cultural resources.
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i. No testing, invasive or non-invasive, shall be
permitted on any recovered tribal cultural
resources without the written permission of the
San Luis Rey Band of Mission Indians and other
TCA tribes.
j. Prior to the completion of project construction, a
monitoring report and/or evaluation report, if
appropriate, which describes the results,
analysis, and conclusions of the monitoring program shall be submitted by the archaeologist,
along with the Luiseño Native American
monitor’s notes and comments, to the City of
Carlsbad for approval and shall be submitted to
the South Coastal Information Center. Said
report shall be subject to confidentiality as an
exception to the Public Records Act and will not
be available for general public distribution.
TCR-2 Pre-Excavation Agreement. Prior to the commencement
of any ground-disturbing activities, the applicant shall
enter into a Pre-Excavation Agreement, otherwise known
as a Tribal Cultural Resources Treatment and Tribal Monitoring Agreement, with a TCA affiliated consulting
tribe. This agreement shall meet all standard
requirements of the tribe for such agreements in
accordance with applicable laws and regulations,
including but not limited to the City of Carlsbad’s 2017
Tribal, Cultural and Paleontological Resources Guidelines.
This agreement will address provision of a Luiseño Native
American monitor and will also contain provisions to
address the proper treatment of any Tribal Cultural
Resources and/or Luiseño Native American human
remains inadvertently discovered during the course of the
project. The agreement shall outline the roles and powers
of the Luiseño Native American monitors and the
archaeologist and shall include the provisions outlined in
TCR-1.
Enter into a Pre-Excavation
Agreement/Tribal Cultural Resources
Treatment and Tribal Monitoring
Agreement, with a TCA affiliated consulting tribe.
Prior to any ground
disturbing activities/
construction.
Applicant
Appendix J
Response to Comments
Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project Final Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration J-1 January 2026
APPENDIX J – RESPONSE TO COMMENTS
COMMENTS RECEIVED ON THE DRAFT INITIAL STUDY/MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION AND
RESPONSES
All comments received on the Draft Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration (IS/MND) have been
coded to facilitate identification and tracking. The city received two comment letters on the Draft
IS/MND during the public review period that began on October 17, 2025, and closed on November 17,
2025, and two comment letters after the public review closure date (one on November 18, 2025 and
one on November 24, 2025). The comment letters on the Draft IS/MND are listed in Table 1 below. Each
of the comment letters were reviewed and divided into individual comments, with each comment
containing a single theme, issue, or concern. Where a letter comments on more than one issue, each
individual comment issue is numbered (A-1, for example) and a specific response is included for each
issue.
Table 1 Comment Letters Received on the Draft IS/MND
Letter Commenter Date
A California Department of Fish and Wildlife November 6, 2025
B California Coastal Commission November 13, 2025
C San Diego County Archaeological Society November 18, 2025
D Rincon Band of Luiseño Indians November 24, 2025
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COMMENTS RESPONSES
Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project Final Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration J-3 January 2026
Letter A. California Department of Fish and Wildlife
A-1 The comment states the project site may contain suitable habitat to
support Crotch’s bumble bee, a candidate species listed under the
California Endangered Species Act, and requests surveys to determine
if this species is present. Crotch’s bumble bee is found throughout
southwestern California from the Central Valley south to the
U.S./Mexico border and inhabits open grasslands and scrub habitats.
The species primarily nests underground and forages on a wide
variety of flowers. The impact area is mostly developed with the
existing roadway, and areas that are not already paved are mostly
disturbed habitat with small pockets of sage scrub in a very limited
distribution. While there are some floral resources present that could
be used by Crotch’s bumble bee, the area is both highly disturbed
and very constrained by development and sufficient resources to
support a colony are not likely to be present. As a result, there is low
potential for the species to occupy the site. The project-specific
biological technical report (IS/MND Appendix B) has been revised to
include Crotch’s bumble bee in the report’s Appendix D, Sensitive
Animals with Potential to Occur, and concludes a low potential to
occur. Nevertheless, the city has agreed to conduct the requested
surveys prior to construction, which will be made a condition of
approval for the project. The IS/MND has been revised to include
information regarding Crotch’s bumble bee (Section IV, Biological
Resources).
A-1
COMMENTS RESPONSES
Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project Final Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration J-4 January 2026
COMMENTS RESPONSES
Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project Final Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration J-5 January 2026
Letter B. California Coastal Commission
B-1 The comment provides introductory information and general support
for the project, as well as a summary of the proposed improvements.
It also notes that the project could potentially be appealable to the
Coastal Commission due to the cost and type of project. As the
comment does not raise any environmental issues with respect to the
adequacy of the Draft IS/MND, no further response is required.
B-1
COMMENTS RESPONSES
Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project Final Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration J-6 January 2026
B-2 The comment requests consideration of a vertical buffer element
along the roadway to provide a physical separation between the
vehicle and bicycle lanes. The city has evaluated this option closely.
The city’s objective is to provide the best balance for all roadway
users, including people walking, biking, driving, taking transit, and
municipal users including emergency responders. While vertical
elements such as posts and separators can offer additional
delineation, in this location the operational and safety considerations
do not outweigh the incremental benefit they would provide over the
Class II buffered bike lanes as proposed. The current design is based
on local public outreach and review by the Traffic Safety and Mobility
Commission. Through this process, buffered bike lanes were identified
as the most appropriate treatment for this segment. This approach
enhances separation and comfort for people biking while maintaining
the necessary operational flexibility for this corridor. Moving forward,
the City of Carlsbad continues to evaluate opportunities for Class IV
protected bikeways and is closely monitoring the performance of
these facilities in our neighboring communities such as Encinitas,
including factors such as cyclist visibility at intersections and speed
differentials between modes. We also recognize the benefits that
protected bikeways or shared-use paths can offer in locations where
they are best suited such as near schools and on segments with fewer
driveways or potential conflict points. For this project, however, based
on local roadway conditions and public input, the Class II buffered bike
lane design was determined to be the most appropriate and effective
treatment. As the comment does not raise any environmental issues
with respect to the adequacy of the Draft IS/MND, no further
response is required.
B-3 The comment requests low-profile, permanent fencing to minimize
visual impacts. Proposed fencing for the project includes two types:
(1) Cable post and railing fencing (three feet eight inches high) where
fall protection is required, and (2) Wooden lodge pole fencing (four
feet high) in other locations. Both of these fences are four feet or less
B-2
B-3
B-4
COMMENTS RESPONSES
Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project Final Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration J-7 January 2026
in height and are visually compatible with the surrounding area. As
discussed in Section I, Aesthetics, in the IS/MND, visual impacts
resulting from the proposed project would be less than significant.
Project elements would not have a substantial adverse effect on a
scenic vista, would not substantially damage scenic resources, would
not conflict with applicable regulations governing scenic quality, and
would not create a new source of substantial light or glare.
B-4 The comment is a concluding statement and does not raise any
environmental issues with respect to the adequacy of the Draft
IS/MND. No response is required.
COMMENTS RESPONSES
Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project Final Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration J-8 January 2026
Letter C. San Diego County Archaeological Society, Inc.
C-1 The comment notes that the San Diego Archaeological Society
Environmental Review Committee has reviewed the Draft Initial
Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration and concurs with the
recommended mitigation measures related to cultural resources and
tribal cultural resources. No response is required.
C-1
COMMENTS RESPONSES
Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project Final Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration J-9 January 2026
Letter D. Rincon Band of Luiseño Indians D-1 The comment states that although the consultation between the
city and Rincon Band of Luiseño Indians (Ricon Band) has
concluded, the Rincon Band’s concerns remain unresolved.
Specifically, the Rincon Band maintains that potential impacts to
tribal cultural resources have not been adequately addressed, and
that the measures proposed in the MND do not provide sufficient
protection or meaningful engagement consistent with the
obligations of the consultation process. In its comment, the Rincon
Band proposes no specific changes to the analysis or the measures
in the MND.
As discussed in Section XVIII, Tribal Cultural Resources, of the
IS/MND, formal consultation pursuant to Assembly Bill 52 (AB 52)
was conducted between the city and Rincon Band between May
and July 2025. A summary of the consultation process is provided
below.
•January 27, 2025: city offered AB 52 project consultation
to the Rincon Band.
•February 18, 2025: The Rincon Band accepted the offer of
consultation.
•May 22, 2025: Staff emailed the Rincon Band the project’s
draft Cultural Resources (CR)/Tribal Cultural Resources
(TCR) mitigation measures along with a project map and
biological and cultural resources reports.
•May 23, 2025: The Rincon Band submitted a document
with specific language revisions to the project’s draft
mitigation measures and requested further discussion.
•May 28, 2025: Consultation was held. Because of the
similarities in the draft CR/TCR mitigation measures
between the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail
Improvements project and another project, El Camino Real
D-1
COMMENTS RESPONSES
Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project Final Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration J-10 January 2026
Roadway Widening (Arenal Road to La Costa Avenue), the
projects were discussed together, with a focus on the
measures. During an earlier, April 30, 2025, consultation
regarding only the El Camino Real Widening project, the
Rincon Band requested a meeting with the Community
Development Director and City Attorney’s Office to
further discuss its mitigation measure concerns. During
the May 28, 2025, consultation, the CR/TCR mitigation
measures of both projects were discussed, and it was
agreed the measures of both projects would be discussed
with the Community Development Director and City
Attorney’s office. The parties confirmed that scheduling of
this meeting was in process.
• June 11, 2025: Consultation was held with Rincon Band
representatives, the City Attorney, Community
Development Director and Planning staff. The parties
discussed the language in question and provided
additional detail to support their positions although
consensus was not achieved at the meeting. After the
meeting and with further consideration, the city agreed to
certain CR/TCR mitigation measure language revisions.
• June 25, 2025: Consultation was held. The Rincon Band
and city staff reviewed a draft letter with the city’s
responses to the Rincon Band’s proposed revisions to the
El Camino Real Widening project; again, these measures as
well as the proposed revisions to them are like those of
the Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail Improvements
project. In response to city staff questions, the tribal
representative provided additional information regarding
its rationale and intent for certain revisions. Based on that
information, staff made additional changes.
Based on these efforts, the city believes it has acted in good faith
and has agreed to language that is responsive, to the greatest
extent feasible, to the Rincon Band’s comments while also
COMMENTS RESPONSES
Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project Final Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration J-11 January 2026
remaining consistent with the city’s existing Tribal, Cultural and
Paleontological Guidelines. Please note that the draft mitigation
measure language incorporates changes agreed to in prior
consultations with the Rincon Band as part of the 2023 Beach
Access Repairs project and this year’s Ponto Sewer Manhole
Rehabilitation project. Thus, the language is more inclusive of
other tribes that are traditionally and culturally affiliated with the
project area, and provides additional opportunities and safeguards
that include the Rincon Band. In consideration of this and the
collaborative process undertaken to arrive at this outcome, the city
concluded AB 52 consultation pursuant to Public Resources Code
Section 21080.3.2. A letter concluding consultation was mailed and
emailed to the Rincon Band on July 24, 2025. No revisions to the
IS/MND are required.
At the same time, the city recognizes that the updated language
does not address the full range of the Rincon Band’s concerns. To
address those, city staff look forward to continued collaboration
on the comprehensive update of the Tribal, Cultural and
Paleontological Guidelines in which the Rincon Band is already
participating.
Avenida Encinas Coastal Rail Trail and Pedestrian Improvements Project Final Initial Study/Mitigated Negative Declaration J-12 January 2026
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