HomeMy WebLinkAboutCT 96-02; TERRACES AT SUNNY CREEK; URBAN WILDLAND INTERFACE ZONE FIRE PROTECTION ENGINEERING ANALYSIS; 1997-12-03I
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SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION
11770 BERNARDO PLAZA COURT, SUITE 112 _.. SAN DIEGO, CA 92128-2519 _.. PHONE (619) 673-5845 _.. FAX (619) 673-5849
URBAN WILDLAND INTERFACE ZONE
FIRE PROTECTION ENGINEERING ANALYSIS
THE TERRACES RESIDENTIAL DEVELOPMENT
CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA
Prepared for:
Mike O'Hara
Russell W. Grosse Development Company Inc .
. 5850 Avendia Encinas, Suite A
Carlsbad, California 92008
SEC Project No. 2097024
December 3, 1997
This report is the property of Schirmer Engineering Corporation. Copies retained by the client shall be utilized
only for his use and occupancy of the project, not for the purpose of construction of any other projects.
Fire Protection Engineering ... Code Consulting ... Loss Control ... Security System Design
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The Terraces Residential Development -1-
Carlsbad, California
TABLE OF CONTENTS
December 3, 1997
SEC Project No. 2097024
INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................ 1
APPLICABLE CODES .................................................................................................... 1
PROJECT DESCRIPTION .............................................................................................. 3
GENERAL APPROACH .................................................................................................. 5
FIRE PROTECTION PROGRAM .................................................................................. 10
Building Construction ................................................................................................. 1 O
Water Supply ............................................................................................................. 12
Automatic Sprinkler Protection ................................................................................... 12
Fire Hydrants ............................................................................................................. 12
Fire Department Access ............................................................................................ 12
Defensible Space ....................................................................................................... 13
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................. 13
APPENDIX A-FUEL MODIFICATION PLANT LIST
INDEX OF TABLES
Table 1. Wildland/Structure Separation .......................................................................... 8
Table 2. Building Construction Summary ..................................................................... 11
INDEX OF FIGURES
Figure 1. Site Plan ......................................................................................................... 2
Figure 2. Tentative Tract Map ........................................................................................ 4
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The Terraces Residential Development
Carlsbad, California
INTRODUCTION
1 December 3, 1997
SEC Project No. 2097024
The Terraces is a proposed residential development to be located north of El Camino
Real and east of the proposed northward extension of College Boulevard, in the city of
Carlsbad, California. The project is bounded on the north and west by Sunny Creek Road
and on the east by open land and ranch land. Aqua Hedionda Creek runs approximately
500 feet north of Sunny Creek Road (see Figure I, Site Plan).
Due to the potential wildland fire exposure to the Terraces, the Carlsbad Fire Department
has requested a fire management plan be developed. Carlsbad Fire Department has
suggested that such safeguards as building separation {100 feet minimum) from the
native vegetation and replanting of native vegetation with less flammable plants be
provided. Due to requirements of wildlife agencies, replacement of natural vegetation is
not possible. Providing sufficient building separation from the wildland area is not practical
due to the land constraints of the project.
Russell W. Grosse Development Inc. has retained Schirmer Engineering Corporation
(SEC) to analyze the potential exposure posed by the urban wildland interface zone and
• provide solutions to mitigate such exposure.
APPLICABLE CODES
The following codes and regulations were used to assist in preparing this report:
• Urban-Wildland lnterace Code (UWIC), 1997 Edition
• California Fire Code (CFC), 1995 Edition
• Wildland/Urban Interface Planning and Construction
• San Diego County Wildland/Urban Standards
I
IAffinis
Shadow Valley Center
84, Jama cha Road
El Cajon, CA 92019
PROJECT LOCATION ON USGS 7.5'
SAN LUIS REY QUADRANGLE
FJGURE 1
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The Terraces Residential Development
Carlsbad, California
PROJECT DESCRIPTION
3 December 3, 1997
SEC Project No. 2097024
The project will develop The Terraces, a gated development with 172 single family
detached homes and 28 affordable efficiency units, and 50 affordable multifamily
residential units (apartments), called The Apartments at Sunny Creek (Figure 2, Tentative
Tract Map).1 The single family component of the project (single family units and efficiency
units combined) proposes a density of 6.5 dwelling units per net developable acre (5.3
du/ac per gross acre); the project's multifamily component proposes a density of 22.9
dwelling units per net developable acre (22.9 du/ac per gross acre).
A European village architectural style is proposed for the single family residential portion
of the project and would feature tile roofing (different color mixes) and plaster walls. Four
two-story plans, offering three and four bedrooms, would be available, with units ranging
in size from 1,600 to 2,585 square feet. The minimum lot size would be 4,300 square feet,
with lots averaging 6,788 square feet. Twenty-eight of the plans would include 522 square
foot granny flats, which would feature separate entrances and self-contained living
spaces. These flats are part of the project's affordable housing element.
The multifamily affordable housing development would consist of a total of
50 apartments (12 studios, 12 1-bedroom units, 20 2-bedroom units, and 6 3-bedroom
units) in three separate apartment buildings. Buildings "A" and "C" would be three stories;
Building "B" would be two stories. One of the 2-bedroom units would be disabled
accessible. The units would range in size from 437 to 1,106 square feet.
Occupant entry into the complex would be via the access road, off "A" Street. Parking
spaces for a total of 103 vehicles would be provided, including four handicap spaces for
visitor-designated spaces. A 3,600 square feet, chain link-fenced and gated recreational
vehicle parking lot would be located across College Boulevard.
1The location of the multifamily affordable housing development may move towards the west based upon land
purchase negotiations. Either location should have no effect on the fire protection program developed.
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EL CAMINO REAL
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I PUBLIC UTIUTIES ANO DISTRICTS:
~ -~---.SM Oll:tll Cll -lllC:llll: ~
~}',en: IQ.I. l!lDtOC =--
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I
1rATIVE TRACT MAP
0-0 ' : ~ ---~----
INOICATES UNIT NUMBER
INOICATES SHE::i NUMBER
INDICATES UNrT SOUNOARY
INOICATES SHE::i eouNOARY
SOURCE: MANITOU ENGINEERtr
FIGURE 2
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The Terraces Residential Development
Carlsbad, California
5 December 3, 1997
SEC Project No. 2097024
Along the Aqua Hedionda Creek a variety of native plant materials including live oak,
California sycamore, torrey pine, alder, and lemonade berry presently exist. The Aqua
Hedionda Creek flood plain located between the creek and the back of the Terraces
project will contain the inclusion of the proposed restoration efforts, containing coastal
sage scrub and mixed chaparral vegetation. The creek and floodway are located below
the Terraces project. Elevation differences are in the order of 90-100 feet.
GENERAL APPROACH
Due to mitigation actions associated with construction adjacent to the Aqua Hedionda
Creek, the slopes immediately adjacent to the project and the Aqua Hedionda Creek
floodway must be planted with natural vegatation such as coastal sage scrub and
southern mixed chaparral vegetation. Although aesthetically pleasing, and
environmentally preferred, this natural vegetation poses a potential wildland fire exposure
to the dwellings located within the Terraces.
To provide maximum protection to the Terraces, SEC is proposing the use of the
safeguards found within the newly published International Fire Code Institute Urban-
Wildland Interface Code (UWIC). From the UWIC a fire protection program has been
developed which will reduce the loss of property from a fire occurring with the urban-
wildland interface zone.
The UWIC was developed by the International Fire Code Institute (IFCI) with support from
Federal Emergency Management Agency Grant Program 1005-1, administered by the
California Governor's Office of Emergency Services through the Office of State Fire
Marshal. This code is the direct result of hazard mitigation meetings held after recent
devastating wildfires.
The drafting committee was chaired by Chief Ranney Coleman, California State Fire
Marshal. Other notable committee members include Malcolm Gramley of the United
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The Terraces Residential Development
Carlsbad, California
6. December 3, 1997
SEC Project No. 2097024
States Forest Service, and Gene Wolf of the Los Angeles County Fire Department. For
more than two years, the drafting committee worked diligently to develop the first draft
which was presented to the IFCI membership at the February 1996 International
Conference of Building Officials Code Development Committee Hearings in Sparks,
Nevada. Challenges to this first draft were then debated at IFCl's Annual Meeting in July
1996, in Long Beach, California. This work resulted in the first printing of the UWIC in
January of 1997.
The purpose of the UWIC is to establish minimum standards that prevent the loss of
structures, even if fire department intervention is absent.2 The UWIC provides prescription
requirements within Sections 1-6. In addition, appendices are provided for informational
or alternate design approaches.
The UWIC is unique in that Appendix 11-D, Self-Defense Mechanism, provides the basis
and intent of the requirements found within the code. This appendix is intended to provide
background for situations where strict applications of the prescriptive requirements is not
feasible. The UWIC is considered a very conservative document as shown by the many
challenges to it's requirements during the code development process.
As with all performance-based engineering approaches, an objective must be established.
Then a fire scenario is predicted upon which the elements of the fire protection program
are developed.
Following is a presentation of the objective of the fire protection program, the chosen fire
scenario, and finally a detailed presentation of the elements of the fire protection program.
The objective of the fire protection program is to enhance structural survivability of the
structures within the project and to prevent horizontal propagation of a wildland fire. To
accomplish this objective, two goals must be achieved; ignition of the exterior of the
structures must be limited and flames must be prevented from penetrating into the
buildings resulting in interior fires.
2 UWIC Appendix ll-D
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The Terraces Residential Development
Carlsbad, California
7 December 3, 1997
SEC Project No. 2097024
The most likely fire scenario is predicted to be a brush fire burning within the Aqua
Hedionda Creek Wildland area from the east to west propelled by Santa Ana wind
conditions. This scenario is typical of the major brush fire events which have occurred in
coastal southern California areas (such as the 1996 Harmony Grove fire).
California has a long history of catasphoric brush fires, the worst being the 1991
Oakland/aerkeley fire which destroyed 2900 structures. Although these fires have
occurred in various geographic and topographic areas, the factors contributing to urban-
wildland interface zone losses are consistent:
• Flammable roofing material
• Inadequate clearance between structures and fuel
• Extreme wind conditions (Foehn or Santa Ana winds)
• Poor access -narrow winding roads and driveways
• Inadequate water supplies
• Lack of modern firefighting equipment
The fire protection program has been specifically developed to eliminate or mitigate these
factors.
Structures exposed to an urban-wildland fire are subject to various conditions not found in
a typical structure fire. Burning embers are projected in front of the fire by the convection
column resulting in secondary ignitions. Eventually the flame front and resulting radiant
heat can expose the exterior of buildings. This radiation can cause ignition of the exterior
of the structure, or the combustible contents within the interior of the structure. Studies
show that the actual exposure of the building to the flame front of the fire is usually less
than six minutes.3 Exposure to other materials which can result in ignition of the structure
can vary based upon wind, topography, and fuel conditions.
3 IFCI Urban-Wildland Interface Code, Appendix 11-D
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The Terraces Residential Development
Carlsbad, California
HAZARD SEVERITY
8 December 3, 1997
SEC Project No. 2097024
The UWIC defines the degree of fire hazard severity based upon three variables:
• Critical Fire Weather Frequency
• Fuel Model
• Slope of Terrain Containing the Fuel
UWIC Table 502 Fire Hazard Severity, presents a tabular analysis of various hazard
classes based upon these factors. Once the fire hazard severity is determined, proper
construction, and defensible space requirements are found within UWIC Table 503.1
Ignition-Resistant Construction.
Homes located within the Terraces project are located at the top of a slope which
attaches to the wildland area along the Aqua Hedionda Creek at the bottom. The
distances from the back of the homes to the bottom of the slope are shown in Table 1,
Wildland/Structure Separation.
Table 1. Wildland/Structure Separation
70 175
71 119
72 106
73 100
74 100
75 88
76 30
77 30
78 30
133 50
134 88
135 30
136 75
137 125
160 30
161 38
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The Terraces Residential Development
Carlsbad, California
162
163
164
165
166
167
168
169
170
171
172
9
50
50
63
63
63
63
38
30
38
50
30
December 3, 1997
SEC Project No. 2097024
A minimum distance of 30 feet will be provided between the back of the homes and the
wildland area as requested by the Carlsbad Fire Department. The slope will be planted
with vegetation selected from the Fuel Modification Plant List of the Wildland/Urban
Interface Planning and Construction Standards (see Appendix A). This vegetation is
typically fire resistive and drought tolerant.4
Between the bottom of the replanted slope and the Aqua Hedionda Creek itself, is the
creek's flood plain. The vegetation of the flood plain consists of coast sage scrub and
mixed chaparral vegetation. UWIC Appendix II-A Fire Danger Rating System, classifies
this as Fuel Model B, which is defined as a Medium Fuel. The terrain of the flood plain
slopes in a downward direction to the creek itself. Elevation change varies from 60 to 120
feet. Within the Aqua Hedionda Creek, a variety of natural plant materials including live
oak, California sycamore, torrey pine, alder and lemonade berry presently exist. UWIC
Appendix II-A classifies this as Fuel Model B or F, which are defined as a Medium Fuel.
With the addition of some plant material 3 to 8 inches in diameter, the fuel should be
considered Medium-Heavy Fuel. The width of the vegetation along the creek varies from
100 feet to 200 feet. Beyond the creek is cultivated agricultural areas.
The worst case fire scenario would be a fire occurring within the vegetation along the
creek and burning west, through the flood plain and up the slope towards the homes. The
4 Wildland/Urban Interface Planning and Construction Standards, page 7.
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The Terraces Residential Development 10
Carlsbad, California
December 3, 1997
SEC Project No. 2097024
severity of this fire would be based upon the vegetation within the flood plain/creek area,
both which are Medium Fuel. The replanted slope area, would then be considered
defensible space and would slow the progress of the fire due to the reduced flammability
of the replanted vegetation.
From UWIC Table 502, using greater than eight days of Critical Fire Weather per year,
Medium Fuel, and any percentage of slope, an extreme fire hazard is predicted. Note that
this classification does not account for the relatively "thin" width of the Aqua Hedionda
Creek and flood plain areas. Fires burning within these areas would be smaller in size and
severity based upon the limited size of the area.
FIRE PROTECTION PROGRAM
Building Construction
UWIC Table 503.1-lgnition Resistant Construction, prescribes construction type based
upon available water supply and the size of the defensible space. Given an extreme fire
hazard, conforming water supply, and nonconforming defensible space, Class 1 Ignition
Resistant Construction is required.
The structures (both single family dwellings and apartments) located along the
urban-wildland interface will comply with the requirements of UWIC for Class 1 Ignition
Resistant Construction (see Table 2 Building Construction Summary) except as follows:
• UWIC Sec. 505.10 requires all ventilation openings in exterior walls not to exceed 144
square inches in size. The numbers of such vents is not limited. Due to energy
conservation code requirements, the units will require two attic vent openings
252 square inches in size. As an alternate method, one quick response automatic
sprinkler will be provided within the attic area behind each vent. If radiant heat or
burning brands from a urban-wildland fire enter the attic space through the attic vents,
the sprinkler will control or extinguish the resulting fire.
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The Terraces Residential Development
Carlsbad, California
11
Table 2. Building Construction Summary
Required3
Class A roof covering (UWIC Sec. 504.2)
Noncombustion protection of eaves (UWIC
Sec. 504.3)
Gutters and downspouts shall be
noncombustible (UWIC Sec. 504.4)
Exterior walls-noncombustible and one hour
rated fire resistive construction
(UWIC Sec. 504.5)
Appendages and projections shall be one-hour
rated fire resistive construction or heavy timber
(UWIC Sec. 504. 7)
Exterior windows shall be tempered glass or
multilayer glazed panels
(UWIC Sec. 504.8)
Exterior doors shall be noncombustible or solid
core not less than 1 3/8 inch thick (exception
garage vehicle doors)
(UWIC Sec. 504.9)
Exterior ventilation openings shall not exceed
144 square inches each and covered with
noncombustible corrosive-resistant mesh with
openings not to exceed ¼ inch (UWIC Sec.
504.10)
December 3, 1997
SEC Project No. 2097024
Provided
Class A roof covering
All eaves will be protected with 1 inch thick
stucco
All gutters and downspouts will be
noncombustible
7/8 inch stucco (noncombustible surface and
equivalent to one-hour rated)
Optional master bedroom decks will be coated
with 7 /8 inch thick stucco
All windows will be dual paned glass
All doors shall be noncombustible or solid core
not less than 1 3/8 inch thick
Two attic vent openings 252 square inches in
size will be provided. The vents shall be
covered with approved noncombustible
corrosive-resistant mesh. In addition one quick
response sprinkler will be provided in the attic
area as an alternative approach
3 Requirements based upon UWIC Section 505, Class 1 Ignition-Resistant Construction.
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The Terraces Residential Development 12
Carlsbad, California
Water Supply
December 3, 1997
SEC Project No. 2097024
Inadequate water supplies for manual fire fighting operations has been a contributing
factor in all major urban-wildland fires. Without adequate water flow and pressure, fire
fighters are unable to prewet potential fuel, or make attacks on flame fronts.
The water system serving the Terraces will be supplied by a 24 inch main in College
Boulevard. Preliminary hydraulic analysis provided by Wilson Engineering, indicates a flow
of approximately 10,000 gpm at a residual pressure of 100 psi is available at the
intersection of College Boulevard and "A" Street. This water supply is exceptional and
greatly exceeds the requirement of 1000 gpm at a residual pressure of 20 psi prescribed
in UWIC Sec. 404.5.
Automatic Sprinkler Protection
Automatic sprinklers will be provided inside all dwelling units which are located within 100
feet of the urban-wildland interface. The intent of the automatic sprinkler system is to
control or extinguish ignition of interior combustible furnishings or construction.
Fire Hydrants
Fire Hydrants will be placed throughout the Terraces in accordance with the spacing
requirements of the CFC and the Carlsbad Fire Department. Hydrant spacing will be a
maximum of 500 feet within the single family portion of the Terraces, and 300 feet within
the multifamily portion.
Fire Department Access
Primary fire department access to the Terraces will be on "A" Street which will connect to
the west side of College Boulevard. In addition, a secondary access which is located to
the south of "A" Street and connects to the north end of "B" Street will be provided. This
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The Terraces Residential Development 13
Carlsbad, California
December 3, 1997
SEC Project No. 2097024
secondary route allows fire department access to the entire development (see attached
site development plan). This route could be used if primary access on "A" Street is
blocked by evacuating occupants. All roads within the Terraces will comply with UWIC and
Carlsbad Fire Department requirements (minimum width of 20 feet, with adequate turning
radius).
Defensible Space
A minimum of 30 feet will be provided between the homes and the wildland area. This
area will be planted with fire resistive vegetation. Trees located within the defensible
space will be separated in accordance with UWIC Section 604.4.
CONCLUSION
The fire protection program developed for the Terraces will provide ample fire department
access, an exceptional water supply, a minimum of 30 feet defensible space, fire resistive
construction, and interior automatic fire sprinklers.4 These fire safety features will provide
a level of fire protection which exceeds that provided by the suggested structure/wildland
separation (100 feet). In addition, the provided fire protection program exceeds the
requirements found within the UWIC.
Prepared by:
SCHIRMER ENGINEERING CORPORATION
Garner A. Palenske, P.E.
Engineering Manager
GAP/kc
4 For the units which are.located within 100 feet of the urban-wildland interface.
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I APPENDIX A
FUEL MODIFICATION PLANT UST
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'• ,.
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I APPENDIX
FUEL MODIFICATION PLANT LIST
I UOTANlC NAM:E COMMON NAME TYPE REMARKS
Abelia x grandillora Glossy Abelia Scrub
I Acacia rodoleus Prostrate Acacia Low Shrub Low fire retardance
Achillea (millerfolium) Common Yarrow Low shrub Prune back after flowering lo
remove dried fire fuel
I Achillea lomenlosa Woolly Y1UTow Low shrub Prune back after flowering lo
remove died fire fuel
Aeoruum decorum Aeoruum Ground cover
Aeonium simsii ncn Ground cover
I Agave (vicloriae-reginae) ncn Ground cover Low maintenance
Ajugareplans Carpel Bugle Ground cover Poor on slopes
Alnus thombif olia White Alder Tree J0-50' height
I Aloe atborescens Tree Aloe Shrub Highly invasive
Aloe atislata ncn Ground cover
Aloe brevifolia ncn Ground cover
I Aplenia cordif olia Red Apple Aplenia Ground cover High fire relardance
(x 'Red Apple')
Arbulus unedo Strawberry Tree Tree
I Arctoru.phylos ( edmundsii) Little Sur Manzanita Ground cover Slow lo establish
Arctostapbylos Greensbere Manzanita Shrub
(x 'Greensphere') (Greensphere)
Arclostaphylos hookeri Monterey Carpet Low shrub Excellent drought tolerance
I (Monterey Carpel) (Manzanita) Semi-uprightto 12"
• Arclostaphylos Pacific Mist Manzanita Ground cover
(Pacific Mist)
I Arclostaphylos (uva-ursi) Bearoerry Ground cover ExceUen! drought
tolerance,spreading 4-6',
heigh( lo I'
I Arctotheca calendula Cape Weed Ground cover V cry low maintenance; takes
some foot traffic
Atteruisia caucasica Caucasian Artemisia Ground cover Very low maintenance; ta.Ices
some foot traffic
I Baccharis pilnlatis Twin Peaks Ground cover Use only ma.le plants
(var. Pilnlans "Twin Peaks flZ")
Baccharis pilularis Chapaml BJoom Shrub Drought tolerant
I (ssp. Consanguinea)
Uactylis glomerata Betber Oxclwd Grass Grass
Baileya mnlliradiata Desert Marigold Ground cover Drought tolerant
I Bougainvillea Bougainvillea Shrub
(Spectabilis)
Bre.hea annal& Mexican Blue Palm Palm
I
(Blue Hesper Palm)
Bnihea bnndegeei San Jose Hesper Palm Palm
Drahea edulis Guadalupe Palm Palm ·,t1;
Brooms carinatus Ca.lif ornia Brome Grass
I Carissa macrocarpa Green Carpel (Natal Plum) Ground cover/shrub fair-good drought tolerance,
spreads 12-18"
Carpobro!us chilensis Sea Fig lee Plant Ground cover
I
Carpobrolus edulis Hollen!ot Fig lee Plant Ground cover Nol good on steep slopes
Ceano!hus glorioS11S Poinl Reyes Ceanolhus Shrub Excellent drought tolerance
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I semi-upright 12-18"
Ceanolhus griseus Louis Edmunds Shrub
(Louis Edmunds) (Ceanolhus)
Ceanolhus griseus Cllflllel Creeper Shrub ExceUenl drought tolerance
I (var. horizontslis) (Cew.olhus)
Ceanolhus griseus Yankee Point Shrub 2-3' tall
(vu. borizonlslis (Cea.nolhus)
I Yankee Point)
Ceanolhus prostralus Squaw Carpel Shrub Ex:ceUent drought
(Ceanolhus) tolerance, spreads 2-6'
I Ceanolhus spinosus Green Bark Ceaaolhus Shrub
Ceanolhus verrucosus Wart-Slem Cewothus Shrub
Cera.stium Snow-in-summer Ground cover/shrub While Dower color
(lomenlosum)
I Ceralorua iliqua Carob Tree
Cercidium flocidum Blue Palo Verde Tree
(microphyllum)
I Cercis occidenlslis Westerm Redbud Shrub/tree Drought lolerwl
Chry~lhemum Ox:eye Da.isy Ground cover Ornament.a.I. flowering
(leucanthemum)
I Cistus incanus ncn Shrub
(Ssp. oorsicus)
Cislus crispus ncn Ground cover
Cistus cyprius ncn Shrub
I Cislus hybridus While Roel.rose Shrub
Cislus incanus ncn Shrub
Cislus ladanifer Brown-Eyed Rockrose Shrub
I Cislus x pwpureus Orchid Rockrose Shrub
Cislus salviifolius SageleafRockrose , Shrub
Comarostaphylis Summer Holly Shrub
I ( diversif oliA)
Convolvulus Bush Morning Glory Shrub White flower color
(cneorum)
Coprosma kirkii Creeping CoprosmA Ground cover/Shrub Subject to dieback afta 3-4-
I years
Coprosma pumila Prostrate Coprosma Lowshritb Low fire ret.ardance
Corcopsis lanceolata Coreopsis Ground cover Ornamental flowenqg
I Correa pulclteUa Australian Fuchsia Ground cover 12" height, 36" spread
CotonC!.Ster congcstus LikiJlJlg Coloneaster Ground ooverlvin.ing
(likiang)
I Cnssula Ovala JAdeTree Shrub
Crassnla lactea ncn Ground cover
Cnssula mul<icava ncn Gcound cover Nol recommeaded for steep
I slopes
Cnssula tetragoita ncn GroundOO'ffl"
Croton Califomiicus Califomja Croton . Ground cover Drought lolennt
Delosperma 'alba' White trailing ice plant Ground cover Not recommended for steep.
I ·,~,f"• • i·: ::-· r· 1 . , • , -•1. • slopes ;•1• :.• ,•:t•,,-1' l .,,.•_. '•
Distictis Blood-Red Trumpet Vine Vine/climbing vine ' ·• .• ' f ! : .
(Buccinaloria ·.t,
I Dodonaea viscosa Hopseed Bush Drought tolerant
Drosanthcmum Rosea Ice Pl!lll Ground cover
(0oribundum)
Drosanlhemum ncn Ground cover
I (hlspidum)
h
l l
I
I
Drosanlhemum (speciosum) Dewflower Ground cover
I Elaeagnus pungens S i1 verberry Shrub
Encelia farinosa Brittlebush Shrub Drought tolerant
Eriogonum (parvifolium) Sea Cliff Buckwehat Ground cover/shrub Drought tolerant
I Eriophytlum (coufertiflorum) ncn Shrub Drought tolerant
Escallan.ia Species several varieties Shrub Red/pink flower color
Eschscholzia (califoraica) Cilif oraia Poppy Flower
I Euoaymus fortunei Wmler Creeper Euonymus Ground cover
feijoa seUowiaua Pineapple Guava Shrub/tree
Fn1garia chiloensis Wild Strawberry Ground cover
I
(Sand Stray;beny)
Gaillardia x grandillora Blanketflower Ground cover OmaruenlaJ flower
GaJeuia pubesceus Ground cover
GaJvez.ia speciosa Bush Snapdragon Shrub Red flowers
I Gaz.ania hybrids South African Daisy Ground rover
Gaz.ania rigeus (leurolaena) Trailing Gaz.ania Ground cover Strongly recommended
creeping varieties
I Greudelia striclA Gum Plant Ground cover Green foliage
Hedera canariensis Algerian Ivy Ground cover/vine Poor drought tolerance, very
spreading, I Z-15"
l{edera helix English lvy Ground rover/vine
I Helianthernum (rnutabile) Sunrose -Ground rover/shrub good drought tolerance, 6-1 Z"
Helianthernum (scoparium) Rush Rose Shrub SrnaU leaves, drought loleranl
l leteromeles ( arbutifolia) Toyoa Shrub May be trimmed up lo tree
I form
Hypericum ca.lycinurn Aaron's-Beard Shrub Good-very good drought
tolerance
I lberis sernpervirens Edging Candytull Ground cover White flower color
lb?15 umbellatum Globe Candytuft Ground cover Omarnenta.l flowering
lsomeris arl,orea Bladderpod Shrub Drought tolerant
lvy hayesiana Poverty Weed Ground cover Erosion CQn!rol fast growth.
I spreads
Juglans species Walnut Tree
u.mpranthus Bush lee Plant Ground cover
I (aurantiacus)
u.mpranthus filica.ulis Redondo Creeper Ground cover
Lampranthns (tperu.bilis) Trailing lee Plant Ground cover
I Lantana camm. (cullivacs) Yellow Sage Shrub Waler deeply infrequently
un.lana (rnontevidensis) Trailing Lantana Sluub Frost tender
Llgnstrum japon.icum T ex:as Privet Shrub While flower color
Lirnon.inm pectinalnm ncn Ground cover Drought and salt tolerant.
.1 Lirnon.ium perez.i.i Sea Lavender Shrub Perennial
Loniceca Japonica (halliana) Hall's Japanese (honeysuckle) Vining Shrub
Lonicen subspicalA Wild Honeysuckle Vining shrub Creamy white flowers
I Lotus oorniculatus Bird's Foot Trefoil Ground cover Green Lush look
Lotus scoparius Deerweed Sluub
Lupihns nanus Sky Lupine Flowering ,nnus.l
I Mahonia aquif oliurn Golden Abundance Shrub Bri~t yellow flowers
(Golden Abundance) (Oregon~)-
Mahonis. Nevin Mahonis. Sluub ·.¥ellow flowers
Ma.lcphora crocea Ice Plant Ground cover Reddish yellow flowers
I Malephora luloola Trailing lee Plant Ground Cover Yellow Flowers
Metrosideros excelsus New Zealand (Christmas Tree) Tree
MimuJus specides Monkeyflower Flower
I Myoporum Tacilicum' ncn Shrub
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I MyopoIUm debile ncn Shrub Exellent 11.long seacoast
MyopoIUm insulare Ooobyalla Shrub
Myoponun laehun ncn Shrub/tree
MyopoIUm puvifolium ncn Ground cover
I Nerium oleander Oleander Shrub Subject to leaf gall in large
groupings
Nolina longif olia Mexican Crasstree Shrub Drought tolerant
I Oenolhera hooketi Calif. Evening Primrose Flower Drought tolerant
Ophiopo goo j apouicus Mondo Grass Ground cover
Opuntia species Prickly Pear, Cholla Cactus
I Osteospermum (fruticosum) Trailing African Daisy Ground cover
Pukinson.ia aculeata Mexican Palo Verde Tree Y cllow flowers
Pelargon.ium peltatum Ivy Geranium Ground cover
Penstemon species Beard Tongue Shrub
I Phyla nodillor11. Lippia Ground cover
Pillosponun undulatum Victorian Box: Tree
Pla.ntago sempervireos Evergreen Plantain Ground cover Grey leaves, drought tolerant
I Plata.nus racemosa California Sycamore Tree
Portulacaria ma Elephant's Food Shrub
Potentilla (labemaemonta.nii) Spring Cinquefoil Ground cover
I Prunus caroliniana Carolina Cherry Laurel Shrub/tree White flower color
Prunus lyonii Catalina Cherry Shrub/tree White flower color
Punica gn.nalum Pomegranate Shrub/tree
Pyraca.nlha species Firelhom Shrub
I Quercus agrifolia Coast Live Oak Tree Oak woodland
Quercus dumosa California Scrub Oak Shrub Vahuble soil binder
Quercus suber Cork Oak Tree
I Quercus engelmannii Engelmann Oak Tree Open structure
Rh~us alatemus ltalia.n Bucl1.hom Shrub
Rhamnus crocea Redbeny Shrub lntricate Branching
I Rhamnus crocea ssp. Hollylen Redberry Shrub
(ilicifolia)
Rh8.tI1Dus crocea ssp. Santo Thomas Redbeny Shrub
(insula)
I Rhamnus califomica Coffeebeny Shrub Green leaves, drought
tolerant
Rhaphiolepis species Indian Hawthorn Shrub
I Rhus integrifolia Lemonade Beny Shrub May be trimmed up to tree
fonn
Rhus la.noea Afiica.n Sumac Tree 25' height
I Rhus laurina Laurel Sumac Shrub
Rhnsovata Sugarbush Shrub
Rt'bcs vibumifolium Evttgreen Currant Shrub
Romneya coulteti Matilija Poppy Shrub Large showy white flowers
I Romneya coulteti Whitecloud Shrub
( wbite cloud) (Matilija Poppy)
Rosmarinus officinalis Rosenmy Shrub
I Salvia. oolumbatiae Chia Shrub
Salvia. sonomensis Creeping Sage Ground cover
Sllllbucus mexicanll Mexican Eldetberry Tree ·Drought tolerant
I
Sanlolina (chamaecyparissus) Lavender Cotton Ground cover
Sa.nlolina virens Green Lavender Cotton Shrub
Schinns molle California Pepper Tree Tree 30' height
Schinus (lerebinth.ifolius) Brarilian Pepper Tree Tree
I :,
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Seduru acre
I Sedum album
Sedum confusum
I Sedum lineare
Sedum x rubrolinctum
Senecio secpens
I Simmondsia chinensis
Sisyrincltlum bellum
Stipa lepida
I
Stipa pulchra
Stipa species
T warix aphylla
T eucrium chamaedrys
I Teconmaria capensis
Thymus serpyllum
Trachelospermum (jasminoides)
I Trichoslema 18.llalum
Trifolium fragifenun
(O'Connor's)
Trifolium hinum
I (Hyron)
Urubeillularia califonuca
Verbena peruviana
I Verbena species
Vinca Major
Vinca minor
I VuJpia myuros (Zorro)
Washingtoaia filifera
I
W ashingtoaia robust.a
Yucca species
Zauschneria califoraica
I Zizn,hus jujuba
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I
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Goldmoss Sedum
Green stouecrop
UCO
ncn
Pork and Beans
ncn
Jojoba, Goatnul
Blue-eyed grass
Foothill Needlegrass
Pmple needlegrass
Needlegrass, Sl.ipa
Alhel
Germander
Cape Honeysuckle
Lemon Thyme
Star Jasmine
Woolly Blus-Curls
O'Connor's Legume
Byron Rose Clover
California Laurel
ncn
Verbena
Periwinkle
Dwarf Periwinkle
Zorro Annnal Fescne
California Fan Palm
Mexican Fan Palm
Yucca
California Fushsia
Chinese Jujuba
14
Ground cover
Ground cover
Ground cover
Ground cover
Ground cover
Ground cover
Shrub
Ground cover
Ground cover
Ground cover
Ground cover
Tree
Ground cover
Ground cover
Ground coVer
Shrub
Shrub
Ground cover
Ground cover
Tree
Ground cover
Ground cover
Ground cover
Ground cover
Grass
Pa.Im
Pa.Im
Shrub
Shrub
Tree
Not recommended on steep
slopes
Drought tolerant
Perennial bunch grass
Perennial bunch grass
Drought tolerant
Invasive roots
Vine
White flower color
Drought tolerant
Oma.mental 0owering
Very spreading
Very spreading
Old fronds must be removed
lo elinunale lhe fire hazard
Old fronds must be removed
lo elinunale the fire hazard
Drought tolerant
Drought and salt tolerant.
deep rooted. erosion control