HomeMy WebLinkAboutHDP 91-23; WELDON RESIDENCE; STRUCTURAL CALCULATIONS; 1990-07-01PR.T: #9018
CLIENT:
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Weldon Residence Date:
Tierra Del Oro
Carlsbad, California By:
Barbara Durand, Architect Sheet
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and· ASSOCIATES Tierra Del Oro
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· ·and rASSOCIATES
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FRED H. SCHOTT
and ASSOC I ATES
STRUCTURAL ENGINEER1
200 SUBURBAN ROADI
SAN LUIS OBISPO, CALIF.
TELEPHONE 805/ 544-1216
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•·
-STRUCTURAL SPECIFICATIONS FOR WELDON RESIDENCE
TIERRA DEL ORO, CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA
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SECTION 02200 -CLEARING AND EARTHWORK
PART 1 -GENERAL DESCRIP'l'ION OF_ THE WORK •
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1.01 SCOPE: This section covers everything necessary for or
incidential to executing and completing all demolition work,
clearing, excavation, grading, filling and backfilling as
shown or indicated on the drawings, or reasonable to be
inferred therefro~, except that specifically excluded.
A. The work includes but is not limited to:
1. Site clearance includes removal of any exi·sting
structures, or obstructions, including demolition and
removal of existing structures, or walks,
foundations, pavement, trees, fences, etc.
2. Site grading.
3. Excavation.
4. Filling and backfilling including landscape and
planter areas.
5. Finish grading.
B. Related work not included in the section:
1. Excavation, filling, backfilling, and compaction for
all underground utility ·11nes and drainage systems
are included under trade sections involved.
2. Rock cushion under slab on grade: By SECTION 03100 -
CONCRETE.
c. Coordination of work: All work specified under this
section will be properly coordinated with that specified
elsewhere to produce a workmanlike installation
satisfactory to the Architect.
1.02 EXISTING SITE CONDITIONS: Intending bidders are presumed to
have visited the site and familiarized themselves with
existing conditions. The submittal of a bid shall be
considered as acknowledgement on the part of the bidder of
familiarity with existing conditions. The existing grades as
indicated are approximate only .
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SECTION 02200 -CLEARING AND EARTHWORK
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1.03 NEIGHBORING BUILDINGS AND FACILITIES: Buildings and other
facilities on the site and neighboring sites, roadways o~
streets, including existing paving, curbing and sidewalks
shal~ be protected from damage at all times. If damage
should occur, restoration to the original condition shall be
made as directed by the Architect.
1.04 BENCHMARKS: All existing benchmarks shall be protected and
maintained throughout the course of the work. Monuments or
stakes .disturbed.or destroyed during the course of the work
shall be re-established without additional expense to the
Owner.
1.05 FOUNDATION INVESTIGATION REPORT: Sub-surface soil
investigations have been made at the site an·d the reports
thereof are • available for inspection at the
Architect's office. No responsibility is assumed by
the Owner for subsoil quaiity or conditions other than at
the locations and the time the exploration was made.
No claim for extra compensation or for extension of time
will be allowed on account of sub-surface conditions
inconsistent with the data shown unless otherwise provided
elsewhere herein.
1.06 SHORING, BRACING AND BARRIERS: Work shall be conducted as to
avoid injury to persons and damage to adjacent property, and
to this end, adequate shoring, bracing and barriers,
including lights when necessa~y, shall be provided .
1.07 PROTECTION AND SAFETY:
A. Contractors or subcontractors shall conduct their work in
accordance with all safety requirements of the Division
of Occupational Safety and H'ealth (OSHA) .. and the Division
of Industrial ·Accidents, and shall provide all nece·ssary
precautions and protective coverings which are necessary
for protection of this work or that of others and for the
safety of persons on or about the site.
B. Comply with all applicable provisions of the California
Code-of Regulation (CCR) and the Safety and Health Act
(OSHA)'.
1.08 SAMPLES AND TESTING:
A. General: All equipment and methods used shall be subject
to the Architect's inspection, test and approval.
B. Sample$: Samples of all materials used shall be supplied
and submitted wherever specified or as directed by the
Architect.
C. Testi~g: The Owner will retain and pay a qualified Soils
Engineer to take all field samples and do all laboratory
testing necessary to ensure compliance of the work to
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SECTION 02200 -CLEARING AND EARTHWORK
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D.
these specifications. The Soils Engineer shall provide
continuous inspection during drilling of piles. and
shall inspect excavations for retaining wall footings to
insure that proper depths are reached. The Soils
Engineer shall submit results of all testing done during
the course of the work to the Owner and Architect and
shall at the completion of the work certify in writing
that the work performed by the Contractor under
this section complies with the requirements herein and
that the fill will . provide the desired capacity.
The reports shall contain such pertinent data: depth
of piles and wall footings into bedrock, type of · soil
used in fills, density and moisture content of compacted
soils.
Cost of additional testing: Should the normal testing
specified above show construction which does not satisfy
these specifications, the Contractor shall pay, through
the owner, for all additional tests required to determine
the extent of work which is not satisfactory and for all
additional tests on the material which must be removed
and replaced.
PART 2 -MATERIALS
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2.01 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS: All materials shall conform to the
applicable current editions of the standard Specifications of
the ASTM, Uniform Building Code, state of California and
Federal Specifications, and to these specifications.
2.02 FILL MATERIALS:
A. General: All fill mat~rials are subject to approval by
the Architect for the pa·rticular loca.tion and method
of placing and compacting.
.. . . B. Site materials: Existing site materials except those to
be removed during clearing and stripping operation are
acceptable for filling and backfilling.
c. Import materials: Granular, free of organic matter,
deleterious. substances and rock or lumps over 2" in
diameter, readily compacted without excessive v.oids and
having a sand equivalent not 1ess than 30. All import
fill material shall be approved by the Architect prior
to its use.
2.03 COMPACTION REQUIREMENTS:
A. Reference test: Relative density field tests performed
in accordance with ASTM Dl556 or ASTM D2922 and D3017
with reference to the maximum dry density determined by
laboratory tests in accordance with the modified AASHTO
test for compaction. ASTM Dl557, Method C (4" mold, 5
layers, 10 lb. hammer·, 18" drop, 25 blows· per layer).
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SECTION 02200 -CLEARING AND EARTHWORK
• B. Field compaction requirements:
1. LOCATION
All fill and backfill materials
(site and import)
The uppermost 1 '-O" of soil
under small retaining walls not
founded in rock
The uppermost 12" of soil under
exterior slabs on grade
Rock cushion under slab on grade
RELATIVE DENSITY (%)
90
90
90
95
2. Pumping soils: If existing or fill material pumps
.. after compaction, it shall -be removed and replaced or
dried out and replaced regardless of compaction test
results.
PART 3 -EXECUTION
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3.01 CLEANING AND STRIPPING:
A. All trees, shrubs, stumps, roots, wood, rocks, rubbish,
weeds, grass, and the like shall be stripped and removed
from the site .
B. All soil containing organic or other deleterious matter
shall be stripped from the building site and paved areas
and removed or stockpiled for use as topsoil, as directed
by the Architect. The uppermost 611 of soil is to
be considered a minimum.
c. Additional material shall be stripped and removed from
site as necessary to remove all soft spots or
objectionable materials.
3.02 ROUGH EXCAVATION:
A. General:
1. Make all cuts in long uniform passes.
2. Edges of cut areas are to be benched so that the
resulting overall slope (toe to toe) does not exceed
2 horizontal to 1 vertical in soil or 1 1/2": 1 in
bedrock. Maximum height of benches shall not exceed
l' •
3. Excavate and remove
dimensions shown on
herein .
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earth to depth and plan
the drawings and as specified
SECTION 02200 -CLEARING AND EARTHWORK
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B. Removal of unacceptable soil: Remove and recompact any
additional soil required to satisfy field compaction
requirements listed in SECTION 02200, PART 2.03.B.
c. Scarify. subgrades in cut areas to a-depth of l'-0".
Add mixing.water to the scarified surface to bring
to optimum moisture content and compact as r~quired to
satisfy the requirements of PART 2.03.B.1.
3.03 FILL:
3.04
A. Preparation: Scarify areas to be filled to a depth of
l '-0". • Add water to bring scarified surface to within 3%
of optimum moisture content and -compact as specified in
SECTION 02200, PART 2.03.B.
B. Placing and compacting: Spread and thoroughly mix fill
material in uniform lifts· not to exceed 6" in depth after
compaction. Material· containing less than optimum
moisture shall be sprinkled with water and thoroughly
mixed with the soil by blading or discing before
compacting. Allow material containing excess water to
dry uniformly to the· optimum moisture content before
compacting. Compact each lift of fill to uniform
relative density throughout each lift.
DUST CONTROL:
palliative or
control of dust
section.
At Contractor's expense, use chemical
spread water as required to maintain strict
generated by operation of work under this
3.05 DRILLED, CAST-IN-PLACE FRICTION PILES:
A. Piles shall be drilled with either a buck.et type or auger
type drill rig.
B. If unstable sidewalls are encountered, ·the Contractor may
case the hole. The casing shall be removed during the
pour of the piles under the direction of a quali.fied
engineer.
C. All piles shall have the sidewalls free from loose soil,
mud or other defective materials.
D. All-ground water shall be pumped from the pile excavation
prior to placing concrete. If small amounts of ground
water cannot be removed from the hole~ a cement slurry
shall be developed by placing dry cement in the hole
prior to pouring· the concrete. The quantity of· ·cement
shall be determined by the Architect.
3.06 STANDARD SPREAD AND CONTINUOUS FOOTING EXCAVATION: • Excavate
at locations, and to dimensions and depths shown on the
drawings. Make allowances for footing forms. Drain all
surface and ground water for excavations. Fill
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SECTION 02200 -CLEARING AND EARTHWORK
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over-excavated portions with structural concrete. Maintain all excavations true to line and dimensions shown and free of
loose earth and debris of any kind. Obtain
Architect's approval of· excavation prior to placing
forms and reinforcing.
A. Provide necessary temporary apparatus, curbs, or ditches
as required to maintain all construction areas free of
water from any cause for the duration of the contract.
B. Dimensions at the bottom of all footings shall be adhered
to.
3.07 BACKFILLING:
A. Accomplish backfilling to indicated or required grades
after forms have been removed, concrete work and
underground work have been approved by the Architect,
and all rubbish, wood and debris have been removed.
B. Materials: Backfill material for footings and all other
uses may be acceptable site or import materials.
C. Compaction:
1 .•• Meet requirements of SECTION 02200, PART 2 .03 .B.
2. Compaction of backfill by jetting is
prohibited.
expressly
D. Unless otherwise indicated, backfill level behind all
curbs and headers including planting areas.
3 .08 PREPARATION OF SUBGRADE FOR CONCRETE SLABS ON. GRADE:
A. cut or fill subgrade as required to accommodate finish
grades shown for concrete floor slabs, sidewalks,
pavements, and other such construction on earth,
including thickness of any base course for same.
B. Compact subgrade to satisfy the requirements of SECTION
02200, PART-2.03.B., and leave surface even, straight and
smooth, ready to receive surfacing material or base
course for same ..
3.09 FINISH SITE GRADING
A. Grade all surfaces on-the site where indicated and within
the construction areas to elevations indicated and as
required to .insure proper drainage and disposal of
surface water. Shape grades to drain away from
buildings. Variations of plus or minus 0.1 feet will be
permitted .
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SECTION 02200 -CLEARING AND EARTHWORK
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1.
2.
Match existing grades at existing paving
required .
where
Finish grade lawn and planting areas, unless
otherwise shown with 611 thickness of approved topsoil
or sandy loam; hand rake and remove stones, lumps,
.. vegetati<;m clumps and debri_s and leave ready for fine
grading, soil preparation and planting by others.
Remove all such debris including concrete and
plaster.
B. Architect approved material containing vegetation· may
be used for .fill in planting areas.
3.10 TERMITE CONTROL
A. All form lumber, stakes, blocking, shavings, and other
cellulose materials, shall be removed from all ·areas
within the building line, prior to the pouring of any
concrete, and from all exterior areas within S' of the
building.
B. All areas under the building and adjoining the
foundations on the interior and exterior of the building
shall be treated as follows:
c.
1. Foundations, interior and exterior, and earth
adjacent to these areas shall be pulverized for a
width of 18" and a depth of at least 4" (to allow for
penetration) and saturated with a one percent (1%)
chlordane solution at the rate of two (2) gallons for
every five ( 5) lineal feet.
2. Floor areas-earth of all interior a~eas to receive
concrete slabs shall be completely finish graded
(with all necessary sub bases applied) prior to any
termite control work. After completion of grading
drench the soil at a minimum rate of ten (10) gallons
per 100 sq. feet or area with chlordane.· This phase
of work should not be done more than 48 hours prior
to pouring concrete.
The Contractor shall give the
a 48-hour notice prior to the
termite control materials.
Ar chi tect and
applications
Owner
of any
3.11 CLEAN-UP: Maintain cleanliness on roadways and other public
areas used by equipment. Contractor. will be held responsible
for immediate removal of all spillage on these pavings.
Remove from the project site all rubbish and debris ·found
thereon and all materials and debris resulting from
demolition, leaving site in a safe ·and clean condition .
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SECTION 03100 -CONCRETE
.ART 1 -GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE WORK
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1.01 SCOPE: This section covers everything necessary for or
incidental to executing and completing all plain and
reinforced concrete as shown or indicated -on the drawings,
specified herein or reasonable to be inferred therefrom.
A. The work includes but is not limited to:
1. Concrete for building foundations, walls and slabs on
grade.
2 ... Concrete. for site improvements.
B. Related work not included in this section:
1. Seal ants.
2. Anchor bolts, bearing plates and other miscellaneous
metals embedded in this work: Installed (only) under
this section.
3. Concrete work specified in mechanical and electrical
sections of the specifications.
4. Waterproofing and drainage systems behind walls .
c. Coordination of work: All work specified under this
section will be properly coordinated with that specified
elsewhere to produce a workmanlike installation
sat~sfactory to the Archi~ect.
1.02 SHOP DRAWINGS, INSPECTION, SAMPLES AND MILL TEST REPORTS
A. Shop drawings:
B.
1. G~neral: Submit
this section
See General
procedures.
shop drawings for all work under
to the Architect for approval.
Conditions for requirements and
2. Reinforcing: Show mild steel reinforcing in full
detail including sizes, dimensions, locations, etc.,
of all elements.
Inspections: Provide Architect
all places where materials are
mixed, cast, etc. All equipment
subject to Architect's inspection,
8
with free access to
stored, proportioned,
and methods used are
tests and approval •
SECTION 03100 -CONCRETE
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c. Samples:
1. General: supply and.submit samples of all .materials
used in concrete construction wherever specified or
as directed by the Architect.
2. Concrete finish samples: Prepare as many of samples
as required to properly delineate the desired finish
and obtain Architect's approval.
D. Reinforcing steel mill test reports: Furnish the
Architect with mill test reports (4 certified copies)
for all reinforcing steel used on the project.
1.03 TESTING·
A. General: The Owner shall retain and pay for the services
of a Testing Laboratory where samples will be tested in
accordance with this ·specification and the applicable
standards of the ASTM. Work under this section shall be
performed as follows:
1. Testing work: Done
Recommended Practice
311-75.
in accordance with
for Concrete Inspection
~e
ACI
2. Testing laboratory personnel shall:
CA) Perform batch plant inspections as directed by
the Architect.
(B) Perform penetration and air tests as directed by
the Architect.
CC) Cast, transport and test compression test
cylinders.
(D) Sample, transport and test reinforcing steel.
CE) Provide written reports on all tests performed.
3. Contractor shall:
(A) Provide a minimum of 42 hours notice to the
Architect and Testing L~boratory ·of a
scheduled pour.
CB) Provide access for
equipment.
testing personnel and
(C) Provide coordination and scheduling during pour
to allow for testing .
(D) Provide field storage facilities for compression
test molds and cylinders.
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SECTION 03100 -CONCRETE
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(E) Be responsible for checking transit mix shipping
tags.. The following information shal.l be
included on the tag:
-Date
-Class of concrete
-Time of batching
-Time of arrival at the site
-Time all concrete is unloaded
Quantities of materials (including admixtures)
-Moisture content of fine aggregate
(F) Obtain copies of transit mix trip tickets and
transmit them to the Architect;..
CG) Maintain a complete up-to-date record of _all
pours made on the project including the date,
amount and location of concrete placed.
B. Batch plant inspection: At the beginning of each .major
pour·. (10 cu. yards or more) and when directed by the
Ar~hitect, t~sting laboratory personnel shall:
1. Inspect the batch plant operation and
including truck mixers, scales, bunker
stockpiles and admixture dispensers .
equipment
loading,
2. Visually inspect the aggregates for uniformity of
grading, cleanliness and moisture variations.
3. Verify use of proper mix design and proportioning and
adjustment of mix for "free" moisture or variation in
gradation.
4. Verify amount of admixtures considering mix
consistency, atmospheric conditions and expected time
"in transit."
5. Verify size of batch .for rated capacity of truck.
6. • Visually inspect and perform "check" penetration and
air entrainment tests of batched loads after
reasonable mixing time to determine consistency and
entrained air content before releasing concrete for
delivery. "Check" tests are for. the purpose of
correlating desired consistency and air content at
the batch plant to that required at the -site.
"Check" tests are to be discontinued once this
correlation is established.
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SECTION 03100 -CONCRETE
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c. Penetration test: Perform one Kelly Ball penetration
test ·(consisting of three readings) as per ASTM C360-55T
for--each truckload or fraction thereof of concrete. When
conveyance of the concrete is accomplished by pumping,
the test shall be performed on concrete taken at the
nozzle.
D. Air entr.ainment test: Perform one test· as per ASTM C231
for each truck load or fraction thereof of concrete.
When three successive tests show a variation in ·entrained
air of less than 1%, the testing may be reduced to one
test for every four trucks providing that succeeding
tests show entrained air values between 3.5% and 5% of
entrained air. When values fall outside these limits,
·resume testing each truck. When conveyance of the
concrete is accomplished by pumping, the test shall be
performed on concrete taken at the nozzle.
E. Compression test:
1 ~ For each day_' s pour apd each class of. concrete, or
more often as directed, make three test cylinders.
2. Transport cylinders to the laboratory, store and cure
as per ASTM C31 .. Test one cylinder at 7 days and two
at 28 days .
F. Reinforcing steel testing: For each 2-1/2 tons or
fraction thereof of reinforcing steel delivery, cut out
two specimens for each size of reinforcing and perform
tensile, elongation and bend tests to check for
conformance with ASTM A615.
G. Written test reports: Testing Laboratory shall provide
written test reports as follows·:
1. Batch plant inspection reports stating:
-Date of inspection
Statements regarding items inspected as per
SECTION 03100 PART 1.03.B
-Identify loads upon which "check" tests are
performed and give results of tests
-Signature of batch plant inspector
2. Compression cylinder test reports stating:
-Date cylinder cast
-Date cylinder tested
-Mix identification and class of concrete
-Location where concrete placed
-Penetration test results
-Entrained air content
-Cylinder crushing strength
-Cylinder dimensions
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SECTION 03100 -CONCRETE
-Statement whether or not concrete tested • meets specifications
-Signature of field and laboratory personnel
3. Reinforcing steel test reports stating:
-Date of delivery
-Date of ·test
-Heat number
-Manufacturer
-Grade and description of steel
-Dimensions of specimen
-Yield stress
-Ultimate stress
-·Elongation
-Statement as to conformance with specifications
-Signature of laboratory personnel
PART 2 -MATERIALS
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2.01 DELIVERY AND STORAGE OF MATERIALS
A. Delivery:
1. Manufactured materials: Deliver in suitable
and maker's
2.
containers plainly marked with brand
•• name, in· an undamaged condition .
Finished assemblies (such as
manufactured away from the
und~maged condition.
precast elements if
site): Deliver in an
B. Storage:
1. Storage accommodations: Subject to Architect's
approval, affording every access for inspection and
identification of each item.
2. Manner of storage: Such that
deterioration is precluded.
3. Reinforcing: Store on skids.
any damage or
C. Acceptance: . Damaged or deteriorated
assemblies shall not be used.
materials or
2.02 CONCRETE MATERIALS
A. Cement: Portland, type II (94 lb. bag equals
ft.): Conform to ASTM Cl50. Brand of cement
be changed during the course of the work
permission of the Architect .
12
one cu.
shall not
without
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SECTION 03100 -CONCRETE
B. Fine aggregate: Conform to ASTM C33 from an approved
source. Reactivity ratio Sc/Re shall-not exceed one Cl)
per ASTM C289.
c. Coarse aggregate: Clean, hard, fine grained, crushed
rock or washed gravel with minimum of 25% crushed faces,
ASTM C33, maximum l". Maximum sodium sulfate loss shall
not exceed 10% after 5 cycles per ASTM C88-63. Ma-xi mum
loss -in the Los Angeles Rattler Test shall not exceed
50% .. in 500 revolutions; ASTM C535-65. Reactivity ratio
Sc/Re not to exceed one per ASTM C289.
D. water: Potable, clean, and pure, this requirement
applies to water used in mix as well as to water for
aggregate washing and for curing.
E. Ready-mixed concrete: ASTM C94, shall conform to the
provisions of this specification e~cept that minimum
strength requirements are as stated in SECTION 03100,
PART 3 .02 .A with no allowable understrength specimens.
F. Admixtures:
1. Water reducing and set retarding admixture:
Pozzolith 300R at the rate of 5 oz. per sack,
Pozzolith 322R at the rate of 7 oz. per sack or
WRDA-79 at the rate of 8 oz. per sack. When the
average daily temperature is below 55 deg,rees
Fahrenheit: Pozzolith 300N at the rate of 5 oz. per
sack shall be used.
2. Air entraining ad~ixture: MBVR, MB-AEl0, or Darex.
2 .03 REINFORCING MATERIALS: Unless· otherwise .,noted on the
drawings reinforci"ng steel shall ·conform to the fallowing:
A. Reinforcing bars:
1. #4 Bars and smaller: ASTM A615 Grade 40 or Grade 60.
2. #5 Bars and larger: ASTM A615 Grade 60.
B. Reinforcing for welded inserts: ASTM A615 Grade 40.
c. Reinforcing accessories: Of approved manufacture.
2.04 FORM MATERIALS
A. Corrugated Sheet Metal Decking: ASC Pacific Inc. Type
B-36 HiForm Floor Deck conforming to ASTM A446-85,
Structural Grade C; with a galvanized coating per ASTM
A525-86 (G-90) .
B. Boards and dimension lumber: Douglas Fir Coast Region,
Construction grade.
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SECTION 03100 -CONCRETE
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c. Plywood: Plyform, exterior grade, Class I, manufactured in accordance with the standards of the American Plywood
Association.
D. Studs and whalers: sound D.F. dimension stock; no less
than 2 x 4 S4S except use 3 x 4 studs at vertical joints
of plywood forms.
E. Form treatment: For exposed concrete surfaces; applied
prior to placing reinforcing steel: Form lacquer or
sealer as manufactured by:
1. A.C. Horn Company: Formguard or Formfilm.
2. E.A. Thompson Co., Inc.: Waterseal.
2.05 MISCELLANEOUS MATERIALS
A. Cold joint (at edges of slab on grade pour strips):
B.
Burke Keyed Kold joint form as manufactured by W.J.
Burke Company or form equivalent key.
Plastic pull top control joints. (across slab on
pour strips): Zip Strip as manufactured by W.J.
Co., or approved equal.
grade
Burke
c. Rock cushion under slab on grade: Hard, durable, coarse
clean sand, gravel or crushed stone, free from organic
materials, clay balls or other deleterious materials,
having a capillary rise of water in the material· not
exceeding 1-1/211 and conforming to the following grading;
100% passing l" sieve and 0-3% passing 1200 sieve ..
D. Expansion joint filler (non-s~alant type.): 1/2" -thick
unless otherwise showing premolded strips of a durable
resilient compound composed of mineral or vegetable
matter or a stable mixture of these elements complying
with Specifications for Preformed Expansion Joint Fillers
for Concrete (Non-extruding and resilient, Non-bituminous
Types), ASTM designation Dl752.
E. Curing materials:
1. Impervious sheet materials: ASTM specification C
171, type optional, except that polyethylene film, if
used, shall be opaque.
2. Burlap: Conform to Federal Specification CCC-C-467.
F. Bonding a9ent: Daraweld, a product of Conrad sovig Co.
G. Jet fog nozzle: Trigger Tee Jet Fog
manufactured by the Spray Systems Co.
l4
Nozzle No. T8004
of Bellwood, Ill .
• SECTION 03100 -CONCRETE
PART 3 -EXECUTION •
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3.01 GENERAL: All concrete work shall be done in accordance with
the +atest edition of the ACI Building Code CACI 318) and the
latest editions of ACI manuals of Concrete Practice.
3 • 0 2 FORMWORK
A. General:
1. Unless otherwise noted, formwork shall conform to the
latest edition of the "Recommended Practice· for
Concrete Formwork" (ACI 347).
2. Dimensions: Make all forms conform· strictly to
s~ape, lines, dimensions, and details of concrete
work as shown on drawings; construct forms true to
•• line and· plumb, level and square; of sufficient size
to support concrete load without excessive
objectionable deflections.
3. Tightness: Tighten forms sufficiently to prevent
leaking,. with enough ties to prevent bulging.
4. Junction and corners: Make neatly and in a
workmanship manner to insure a smooth completed
surface free of irregularities with the least
possible number of joints on exposed surfaces. -Drive
nails in exposed surface forms flush without hammer
marks.
5. Provide any recesses or boxing indicated or required
to receive other work.
6. Chamfers: Chamfer forms only at locations shown on
drawings by means of moldings placed in forms.
7. Form coatings: Apply before placing reinforcing.
B. Form removal: Remove forms in accordance with the
following schedule:
1. Side forms of footings: Minimum 2 days.
2. Perimeter forms at slab on grade panels:
day.
3. Walls and columns: minimum 10 days.
3.03 STRENGTH AND PROPORTIONING OF CONCRETE
Minimum l
A. Strength requirements:
work:
Required strength for concrete
1. Class A: For walls: 3000 psi at 28 days.
15
SECTION 03100 -CONCRETE
•
•
•
2. Class B: For foundations and slabs on grade:. 2500
psi at 28 days .
B. Consistency requirements: Kelly Ball penetration limits
as stated .in ASTM C360 shall be minimum 1-1/4" and
maximum 2-1/ 4". This provision replaces slum_p limits
provision.
C. Concrete mixes:
1.
2.
3.
General: Concrete mixes for all mixes
shall satisfy the strength and
requirements listed above.
Water-cement ratio shall not exceed:
(A) For Class A concrete: 6 gallons per
( B) For Class B concrete: 7 gallons per
Minimum cement content:
of concrete
penetration
sack.
sack.
(A) For Class A concrete: 6 sacks per yard.
(B) For Class B concrete: 5.3 sacks per yard.
4. Coa~se aggregate to fine aggregate ratio: Provide
maximum ratio consistent with placing requirements .
Sixty-five percent (65%) coarse to thiry-five percent
(35%) fine is considered optimum. Up to twenty-five
(25%) of coarse aggregate may be 3/8" pea gravel.
5. Design: Secure Architect's written acceptance of
the mix design prior to· any concrete· placing. Mix
design must be prepared by an approved testing
laboratory under the direction of a registered Civil
Engineer a~ Contractor's expense.
6. Admixtures:
(A) Water reducing and set retarding admixture shall
be of strength specified under paragraph 2.-02 F •
.. (B) Air· entraining admixture shall be of strength
required to provide _3-1/2% to 5% of entrained
air.
D. Ready mix concrete:
1. Source:· Source of all material
facilities shall be subject to
Architect .
and batch plant
approval of the
2. Mixing and delivery: As per ASTM C94.
16
SECTION 03100 -CONCRETE
•
•
•
3. Mix alterations: No changes in proportioning of
water content shall be made after all ingredients
have been placed in the mixer.
E. Cement grout and drypack: Proportions by volume shall be
2 parts sand, 1 part cement and a minimum of ·water
consistent with placing requirements.
3.04 REINFORCEMENT
A. Reinforcing:
1. Size and quality: As shown· on drawing.
2. Dimensions: As shown on drawing. · Do not use bends
other than shown.
3. Bond: Provide bars, wire and accessories free of
deep or scaling rust, dry concrete, grease, oil or
other coatings that impair bond between steel and
concrete before placing.
4. Placing: Accurately place and securely supper~ all
r~inforcing steel to prevent deflection or motion of
reinforcing bars at or before pouring concrete. Wire
•• bars at· splices and cro"sspoints and elsewhere as
required to hold them in place .
B. Acceptance:
1. Shop drawings: Secure Architect's written approval
2.
of shop drawings prior to fabric~tion of
reinforcing bars.
Placing of forms: Secure
of reinforcement placed in
of concrete.
..
Architect's
forms prior
approval
to pour
3.05 CONSTRUCTION JOINTS
A. Location: Locate and form all horizontal and vertical
construction joints including cold joints only as shown
on approved shop drawings. Do not use additional
construction joint without Architect's written approval.
B. Workmanship:
1. General: Construction joints and formed joints shall
coincide.
2. Bulkhead: Provide bulkheads for construction joints
that are tight, strong and well braced •
3. Protection:
immediately
Protect
adjoining
17
interior surfaces of forms
those in which concrete is to
SECTION 03100 -CONCRETE
•
•
•
4 •
be poured from splashing concrete with building
paper .
Joint keys: Key continuously or intermittently the
full length of each construction joint as shown on
the typical details on the drawings or as directed by
•• the Architect.
5. Placing of concrete against construction joints:
Remove all weak concrete, dirt and laitance and clean
and. roughen the surface. Wire . brush adjacent
interio~ surfaces of forms to remove splashed
concrete and retighten forms as necessary.
3.06 CONCRETE INSTALLATION
A. General:
1. Locations and dimension: Construct all concrete
elements, poured in place, plain and reinforced at
locations and to dimensions shown on drawings, with
all reinforcing and other details as shown on
drawings and specified.
2. -Embedded items: Provide anchor bolts and inserts and
other embedded items at locations shown on drawings,
or sizes and details shown and specified. Secure all
embedded items firmly in place to prevent motion
prior to or during pouring of concrete. Protect
anchor bolt threads from damage at all times.
3. Tolerances: Construct all concrete elements to the
following tolerances:
(A) Linear dimension 1/8".
(B) Slab deviation from a true plane not more than
1/8" in 10 feet.
B. Foundations and slab on grade:
1. General: Make all materials, formwork, reinforcing,
inserts, joints, construction methods, and all other
details in strict accordance with drawings and these
specifications.
2. Thoroughly clean bottom of excavations, forms and all
equipment for handling concrete, before placing
concrete.
3 ... Place no .concrete until forms and reinforcement have
been inspected and approved by Architect's
representative. Remove all standing water· from
excavations before pouring .
18
SECTION 03100 -CONCRETE
•
•
•
4. Rock cushion: Place and compact granular cushion to
thickness shown on drawing. Just prior to placement
of concrete, any portion of the granular cushion
which has been degraded in materials or compaction
shall be replaced.
s. Vapor Barrier: Care.shall be taken to properly lap
and seal the barrier, particularly around utilities,
and to not puncture it during construction.
6. Sand Blanket: Place and compact sand blanket to
thickness shown on drawing. Just prior to placement
of concrete, any sand blanket which has been degraded
in materials or compaction shall be replaced.
7. Finish: see SECTION 03100, PART 3.08.
3.07 CONVEYING AND DEPOSITING CONCRETE
A. Conveying:
1. Equipment: Provide all equipment for pumping, and
otherwise conveying concrete of size and design to
insure practically continuous flow of concrete at
delivery and without separation of materials.
2. Method: Convey concrete from mixer to place of final
deposit by methods which prevent separation or loss
of materials.
B. Depostting:
1. •• Before placing concrete, thoroughly clean and dampen
all forms, sub-grade and conveying equipment. Do not
place concrete unless the sub-grade is free of· frost
and there is no free standing water. When concrete
is to be pumped, thoroughly lubricate the line with a
lubricating gel or cement-sand slurry. Provision
shall be made for wasting of lubrication _material.
Lubricating material shall not be placed with the
concrete.
2. Place concrete in one continuous operation in any
given floor panel between construction joints.
Deposit concrete as nearly as practicable in its
final position to avoid separation due to rehandling
or flowing. Place concrete at a rate such that
concrete is at all times plastic and that it flows
readily into spaces between the reinforcing bars.
3. Do not place. reternpered concrete or concrete
partially hardened or been contaminated
materials. Do not allow finishers to carry
their boots into the fresh concrete .
19
that is
by form
soil on
SECTION 03100 -CONCRETE
·•
•
•
4. Compact concrete thoroughly by suitable means in the
operation of placing and work around reinforcing bars
into the corners of forms.
5. Keep surface of all concrete level during depositing.
6. Vibration: Vibrate all concrete in place using
mechanical. vibrators of approved type. No conc~ete
shall be placed unless a sufficient number of
vibrators are available. Apply vibration directly to
concrete and not to forms or reinforcing bars, and
apply for the length of time required to puddle· mass
concrete as it is being placed. Do not use vibtators
to move concrete to a new location. Vibrate in the
.. best workmanlike manner by ·experienced personnel.
7. Tremie Method: Should any pile holes have an
excessive amount of water and the dew~tering
proqedure is not capable of achieving or maintaining
the specified maximum water depth, then the concrete
shall be placed by the tremie method in accordance
with placement techniques detailed below.
(A) All tremie pouring shall be performed by pumping
the concrete to the tremie pipe, using concrete
pumping equipment capable of pumping at least
fifty cubic yards per hour against a head of
concrete of twenty feet, under job conditions .
Tremie pouring using a hopper and 'milking' the
tremie pipe in the hole is specifically
for bidden.
(B) A special .concrete mix shall be used for tremie
pours. This special mix shall be designed for
at least 3,500 psi compressive stress at twenty
eight days, and then one additional sack of
cement per -cubic yard shall be added. In no
case shall the mix contain less than seven sacks
of cement per cubic yard. submit a mix qesign
signed by a Civil Engineer registered in the
State of California to the Engineer.
(C) The tremie pipe shall be rigid steel pipe with
tight couplings. The tremie pipe shall be
straight to within 1/2 inch in ten feet; and
crooked or bent tre~ie pipe is specifically
forbidden. It shall be at least four inches in
diameter, but not more than half of the inside
diameter of the reinforcing cage. Only rigid
steel pipe shall be used in the hole; using hose
in the hole is specifically forbidden.
(D) The tremie pipe shall be lowered through the
center of the cage with caution to within one
foot of the bottom of the excavation.
20
SECTION 03100 -CONCRETE
·• CE) . A sturdy plastic ball, or equivalent, which will
not rupture under required usage, of a size and
pumped to a pressure such that it fits .snugly in
the tremie pipe, shall be used to purge the pipe
of water. It shall be inserted into the top of
the tremie pipe just prior to connecting the
hose from the concrete pump or the tremie
pipe/pump discharge tube may be equipped with a
device that will prevent water from entering
the tube/pipe if approved by the Engineer prior
to construction.
CF) The hose and tremie pipe shall be 'slicked' with
Portland cement slurry; no clay, bentonite or
other material -excepting Portland cement is
permitted.
(G) Pumping of concrete shall be commenced
immediately ·after setting the reinforcing cage
and tremie pipe in the hole. The tremie pipe
shall not be raised until the concrete surface
in the caisson hole is at least ten feet above
the bottom of the tremie pipe. The bottom of
the tremie pipe shall then be kept at least five
feet below the top of the concrete until the
pour is completed, including removal of muck,
laitance, and unsuitable concrete.
•• 3 .08 FINISHES
•
A. Finishing of formed surfaces:
1. General: After removal of forms,· the surfaces oi
concrete shall be given one or more of the finishes
specified below in the locations designated.
2. As-cast plywood finish: Plywood finish shall be
reasonably true to line and plane. Tie holes and
defects shall be patched and fins exceeding 1/4" in
height shall be rubbed down with wooden blocks .
.. Otherwise, surf ace shall be left :with the texture
imparted by the forms.
(A) Concrete shall be cast against forms constructed
of plywo"od not less than 5/8" thick or of ·boards
lined with tempered hardboard not less than
3/16" thick.
CB) The arrangement of plywood sheets or linear
sheets shall be orderly and symmetrical, and
sheets shall be in as large sizes as are
practicable.
(C) Sheets showing torn grain, worn edges, patches
of holes from previous use, or other defects,
21
SECTION 03100· -CONCRETE
•
•
•
which will impair the texture of concrete
surfaces shall not be used .
(D} All fins on ·the surface shall be completely
removed.
3. Sacked finish: Immediately after removal of forms
and tie holes and defective areas are repaired, sack
all exposed surfaces with a slurry consisting of l
part cement to 1 part fine sand.
4. Selection of formed finishes: By Architect.
(A} Sacked finish: For walls and all other exposed
vertical surfaces.
(B) Plywood finish: For any other vertical surfaces
not exposed to view.
B. Monolithic slab finish:
1. Vibrate, compact and screed slabs and · other
horizontal surfaces to reasonably smooth, true
surfaces, depressing coarse aggregate as requir~d for
proper finish.
(A}
( B) .
Tamper: Grille-bladed or large mesh hand tool
designed for the purpose .
Screed: Perfectly straight; use
or steel shod strike-off board if
coriform to the requirements
specification.
~teel screed
necessary to
of this
2. Re-screed as necessary to produce true surfaces, in
proper plane, level, sloped or warped as indicated.
Remove puddle water.
3. After the concrete has been placed, struck off,
consolidated, leveled and tamped, the concrete shall
not be worked further until ready for floating. Wood
float concrete surface. Do not sprinkle water on
concrete surface to facilitate floating operation .
. Use no cement dusting for drying up excess water on
finish surface. Trueness of surfaces shall be
rechecked at this stage w~th a 10 foot straightedge
applied at not less than two different angles. All
high spots shall be cut down and all low spots filled
during this procedure to a class B tolerance. The
slab shall then be refloated immediately to a
uniform, smooth, granular texture. Use care to
prevent "high joint" at all expansion and cold
joints .
22
SECTION 03100 -CONCRETE
•
•
•
4. Troweled finish: Where a troweled finish is
specified, the surface shall be finished first as
specified above, then with power trowels, and finally
with hand trowels. The first troweling· after
floating shall be done by a power trowel and shall
p~oduce a smooth ~urface which is relatively free of
defects l;)ut which may st.ill contain some trowel
marks. Additional trowelings shall be done by hand
after the surface has hardened sufficiently. The
final troweling shall be done when a ringing sound is
produced as the trowel is moved over the surface.
The· surface shall be thoroughly consolidated by the
hand troweling operations. The finished surface
shall be free of any trowel marks, uniform in texture
and appearance and shall be plane to a class A
tolerance. On surfaces intended to support floor
coverings, any defects of sufficient magnitude to
show through the floor covering shall be removed by
grinding.
5. Broom or belt finish: As selected by the
Architect, sidewalk slabs, and slabs in other
locations so specified, shall be given a coarse
transverse texture by. drawing a broom or burlap belt
across the surface. This operation shall follow
·immediately· after ·floating. Floating shall be
performed as outlined in 3. above .
6. Selection of slab finishes: Unless selection of
finishes is made elsewhere, the following finishes
shall be used, as applicable.
(A) Troweled finished: for any other surfaces not
specifically noted.
(B) Broom or belt finish: For exterior sidewalks.
7. Tolerances:
(A) Finishes with class A tolerances shall be true
planes within 1/8" in 10 feet as determined by a
10 foot straightedge placed anywhere on the slab
in any direction.
(B) Finishes with class B tolerances shall be
planes within 1/ 4" in 10 feet as determined
10 foot straightedge placed anywhere on the
in any direction.
true
by a
slab
3.09 PROTECTION AND CURING
A. General: Freshly deposited concrete shall
from premature drying and excessively
temperatures, and shall be maintained
moisture loss a~ a relatively constant
23
be protected
hot or cold
with minimal
temperat~re for
SECTION 03100 -CONCRETE
•
•
•
B.
the period of time necessary for the hydration of the cement and proper hardening of the concrete. If
necessary to prevent drying of the surface of the
concrete prior to completion of finishing operations or
when directed by the Architect, maintain a water
fog continuously on the surface until finishing is
completed and initial curing has commenced.
Curing: Immediately after placing or finishing, concrete
surfaces not covered by forms shall be protected against
moisture loss for not.less than 7 days. If any forms are
removed prior to the end of the curing period, those
formed surfaces shall be cured as for unformed surfaces.
Where formed· surfaces are· cured in the forms,· keep
continuously wet. Accomplish curing by one of the
following methods or combination thereof, as approved,
except that all slabs on grade shall be moist cured for
the first 24 hours after placement and slabs on grade
which receive floor hardener shall be moist cured by fog
spray or ponding for the entire curing period.
1. Moist curing:
(A) Cover surfaces with burlap, cotton, or other
approved fabric mats kept in intimate contact
with the surface, or with sand, and keep surface·
continuously wet .
(B) Horizontal surfaces may be continuously fl~oded.
(C) Surfaces may be kept continuously wet by a fog
spray.
2. Impervio~s-sheet curing: Wet all surfaces with a
fine spray of water and completely cover with
waterproof paper or opaque polyethylene sheeting, or
with polyethylene-coated burlap having the -burlap
thoroughly water-saturated before-placing. Apply
covering with light colored side up; lapped not less
than 12 inches and securely weighted down. or lapped
not less than 4 inches and taped to form a continuous
cover with completely closed joints. Sheets shall be
weighted to prevent displacement or billowing from
winds. Fold down coverings over exposed edges of
slabs and secure by approved means. Immediately
repair or replace sheets if tears or holes appear
during the curing period.
c. Protection from weather conditions:
1. Protection from rain:
(A) Unless adequate protection is provided and
approval is obtained, concrete shall not be
placed during rain, sleet, or snow.
24
SECTION 03100 -CONCRETE
•
•
•
(B) Rain water shall not be allowed to increase the
mixing water nor damage the surface finish .
2. Protection from excessive temperature:
(A) Cold weather: When the mean daily temperature
falls below 40 degrees F., the minimum
temperature of the concrete as placed shall be
50 degrees F., and the temperature of the
concrete shall be maintained at 50 degrees F.
for the entire curing period. Placement of
concrete during cold weather shall conform to
the latest edition of the "Recommended Pra·ctice
for Cold weather Concreting CACI 306) .11
CB) Hot weather: Concrete deposited in hot weather
shall have a placing temperature which will not
cause di~ficulty from loss of slump, flas4 set,
or cold joints (usually somewhat less than 90
degrees F.). Placement of concrete during hot
weather shall conform to the latest edition of
the "Recommended Practice for Hot • Weather
Concreting CACI 305)".
3.10 CLEANING, PATCHING AND DEFECTIVE WORK
A. Cleaning: Repair and patch exposed concrete surfaces and
all other work stained by the leakage of concrete to the
satisfaction of the Architecti clean and repair
construction to be waterproofed, moisture-proofed.
B. Patching:
1. Wash and rub smooth and even with a carborundum brick
all patches to a uniform finish matching adjoining
work.
2. Patching method: Upon removal of forms, remove, cut
or break Qack all bolts, wires, ties, spreaders,. etc.
at least one inch below the surface of the concrete
and chip out the resulting imprint, if necessary, and
patch with a cement mortar (one part cement and two
parts sand by volume), with sufficient coarse
aggregate to match all projecting fine and other
minor irregularities in exposed concrete surfaces as
dj,rected by the Architect ..
3. use power carborundum stones or disks to remove
bulges or other "high" irregularities.
C. Defective work: Repair or remove and replace. all
defective work, such as understrength concrete, concrete
out of line, level or plumb, or showing objectionable
cracks, honeycomb, rock pockets, voids, spalling, exposed
reinforcing, etc., as directed by and to the satisfaction
25
SECTION 03100 -CONCRETE
•
•
•
of the Architect .
3.11 CLEM/ING
A. General: At the completion of the concrete work, or when
directed by the Architect, remove all debris and
rubbish from operations under this section from the
premises. Do not burn debris or rubbish on the site.
Leave entire structure and involved portions of site in a
neat, clean, and acceptable condition.
B. Leave all cement finish clean and free from oil, paint,
plaster, and foreign substances. . . .
c. Concrete trucks, drums and chutes and conveying equipment
will not be permitted to be washed out on the job site
unless arrangements are made for the complete removal of
all residue resulting.in the washing operation .
26
SECTION 05100 -STRUCTURAL STEEL AND MISCELLANEOUS IRON
PART l -GENERAL DESCRIPI'ION OF THE WORK
•
•
•
1.01 SCOPE: This section covers everything necessary for, or
incidential to, executing and completing the structural steel
and miscellaneous iron work except as otherwise hereinafter
specifically excluded.
A. The work includes, but is not limited to:
1. Furnish and install all structural steel and
miscellaneous iron items not specifically included
under other sections.
2. Furnish to other trades ·for installation in their
work:
(A) Anchor bolts, clips, angles, plates, weld plates
and other loose metal and bolts required to
fasten custom fabricated:
(1) Wood to wood connectors.
(2) Steel to wood connectors.
(3) Steel or wood to concrete connectors.
3. Miscellaneous:
(A) Shop details and setting drawings.
(B) Cleaning, shop painting and galvanizing.
CC) Handling, sampling and machining steel for tests
and inspection.
B. Related work not included in this section:
1. Reinforcing bars and dowels;
CONCRETE.
by SECTION 03100
2. Sheet metal timber connectors; by SECTION 06100
ROUGH CARPENTRY.
3. Corrugated sheet metal decking used as concrete wall
forms.
c. Cooperate with and coordinate all other trades whose work
builds into or affects the work of this section.
l_.02 SHOP DRAWINGS, MILL TEST REPORTS, INSPECTION, SAMPLES AND
TESTING:
A. Shop drawings: Submitted as required by the General
Conditions to show details of fabrication and
installation subject to Architect's prior approval.
27
SECTION 05100 -STRUCTURAL STEEL AND MISCELLANEOUS IRON
• B. Mill test reports: Provide four certified copies-of
mill -test reports with heat numbers and mill analysis
for .. all struc;:tural steel used on the project.
C. inspection, samples, and testing:
1. Inspection: -Provide Architect with free access to
all · places where materials and· assemblies are
stored; . all equipment and methods are subject to
Architect's inspections, test and approval ..
2. Samples: supply and submit samples of all materials
used in structural steel or miscellaneous iron
construction wherever specified or as directed by
the Architect. The cost of moving a·nd handling
steel for sampling, cost of sampling and costs of
all tests required due to defective materials or
workmanship shall be borne by the Contractor.
3. Testing: Manufacturer's certificate of adherence of
all materials used in structural steel and
·miscellaneous iron work will be accepted in lieu of
testing.
PART 2 -MATERIALS
••
•
2.01 DELIVERY AND STORAGE OF MATERIALS AND ASSEMBLIES
A. Delivery:
1. General: Deliver all materials and
assemblies in an undamaged condition.
finished
2. Manufactured materials: Delive~ in suitable
containers plainly marked· with brand and maker's
name.
B. Storage:
1. Accommodations: Subject to the Architect's
approval, affording every access for inspection and
identification of each item.
2. Manner of storage: such that any mechanical or
chemical damage is precluded.
c. Acceptance: Damaged or deteriorated
assemblies shall not be used.
materials or
2.02 MATERIALS:
A. Structu~al steel
Specifications for
designation.A36 .
shapes: Conform to "Standard
Steel Bridges and Buildings." ASTM
28
SECTION 05100 -STRUCTURAL STEEL AND MISCELLANEOUS IRON
• B. Pipes: Conform to ASTM A 53 Grade B .
c. Tubular shapes: Conform to ASTM A500 Grade B.
D. Welding rod: Heavily coated, E70xx, conforming with
American Welding society "Specification for Arc Welding
Electrodes" of clas sif ica tion number suitable for the
work to be done.
E. Bolts and nuts: Conform to ASTM designation A307,
11 specifications for Low-Carbon Steel Externally and
Internally Threaded Standard Fasteners".
PART 3 -EXECUTION
••
•
3 .al FABRICATION: In accordance with the best standa.rd practice
of the trade; done by mechanics skilled in the type of work
required: exposed joints, even and smooth; exposed welded
joints, ground smooth.
A. Provide holes as indicated or as required for connecting
work of other trades. The sub-contractor or the trade
involved shall furnish necessary templates and other
information required.
B. Welding:
1. Specifications: Fabrication shall be in accordance
.. with the current structural Welding Code, issued by
the American Welding Society.
2.
3.
Experienced operators only who. have
qualified by tests as prescribed in
"Qualifications Procedure" of the
Welding Code" of the American Welding
Welders:
previously
Section. 6,
"Structural
Society to
construction.
execute welded structural steel
General: Place welds on clean, unoxidized ·metal
surface, free of scale or foreign matter, free of
overlaps, undercrusts or craters and showing good
fusion and penetration. Remove defective welds by
chipping and replace as instructe~. Do not grind
structural welds.
4. Welding shall not be done when the surfaces are wet
• or exposed to rain or • high wind.
5. The size and lengths of the welds shall be no less
than those specified by design requirements and
detail drawings. ·The locations of the welds shall
not be changed without the approval of the
Architect. All welds shown on the detail drawings are
continuous unless noted otherwise.
29
SECTION 05100 -STRUCTURAL STEEL AND MISCELLANEOUS IRON
•
•
6. Tack welds: Tack welds
same quality as the
incorporated into final
otherwise instructed by
shall be subjected to the
final welds. Tack welds not
welds shall be removed unless
the Architect.
c. Bolted connections: Finished bolts, unless otherwise
shown. Holes may be 1/16" oversize. Provide all· bolts
with washers under nuts and have unthreaded shanks
extenqing a minimum of one-half way through the joined
part nearest the nut. Furnish bolts where required to be
set· by other· trades.
3. 0 2 PAINTING:
A. Ferrous .metals (not galvanized) • Given. one ·coat of zinc
chromate pr ~mer.
1. Thoroughly clean metal by mechanical means, such as
sandblasting or wire brushing as required to remove
all scale, rust, etc., and with mineral spirits as
required to remove all oil, grease, etc. before
painting.
2. Primer: Paint with one coat of zinc chromate primer.
3. Paint: Comply with SECTION 09 900 -PAINTING.
4. Unless otherwise specified, do not paint galvanized
work.
5. Touching-up: After erection, touch-up all field
connections, abraded places, and welds with paint.
Paint all parts not accessbile after assembly. Make
paint on all members free of skips, r.uns, and sags in
order that the surface be in proper condition to
receive the final coat of paint.
6. Encased steel:
concrete.
3.03 GALVANIZING:
Do not paint steel encased in
A. Galvanize all miscellaneous iron angles, clips, bolts,
and other elements exposed to weather.
B. Process: Hot-dip, conforming to ASTM Al23 for structural
shapes, Al53 for steel hardware, and A386 for assembled
steel products, minimum coating 2 ounces per square foot,
galvanizing done after fabrication.
C. Treatment after galvanizing: Treat all galvanized areas
burnt off by welding or otherwise damaged with
"Gal valloy11 as manufactured by Metalloy Products Company
or 2 coats of Devcon z, a product of Devcon Corporation.
30
SECTION 05100 -STRUCTURAL STEEL AND MISCELLANEOUS IRON
•
•
•
3.04 CLEAN UP: Upon completion of steel work,
and approval of same, remove from
falsework, equipment, etc .
31
after inspection
site all waste,
SECTION 06100 -ROUGH CARPENTRY
PART 1 -GENERAL DESCRIPTION OF THE WORK •
•
l·.01 SCOPE: This section covers everything necessary for, or
incidental to, executing and completing the rough carpentry
work·except as otherwise hereinafter specifically excluded.
A. The work includes but is not limited to:
1. All wood framing, sheathing, plywood,
backing, furring, nailers, and stripping.
blocking,
2. Nails, screws, bolts, sheet metal connectors· and
other fasteners connecting wood to wood and wood to
steel or concrete. •
3. Installation of such miscellaneous materials
including miscellaneous iron supplied by other trades
but appurtenant to the work involved whether or not
·• specifically noted herein or on the drawings.
4. Barricades, guard rails, project signs and the· like.
B. Related work not included in this section:
1. Forms for concrete work: see SECTION 03100-CONCRETE.
c. Cooperate with and coordinate all work specified in
this section with that specified elsewhere to
produce a workmanlike installation satisfactory tq the
Architect.
1.02 INSPECTION: Contractor shall be responsible for
notifying _the Architect of having reached the various
stages of construction as noted on the drawings.
PART 2 -MATERIALS
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2.01 DELIVERY AND STORAGE OF MATERIALS AND ASSEMBLIES
A. Delivery:
1. General: Deliver all materials and
assemblie~ in an undamaged condition.
finished
2. Manufactured materials: Deliver in suitable
containers plainly marked with brand and maker's
name.
B. storage:
1. Reasonable effort shall be made to protect material
while in storage and during erection. Protect
materials from weathering at the job site and perform
touch-up or repair of damage incurred by unloading
and erecting.
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SECTION 06100 -. ROUGH CARPENTRY
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2. Pile lumber and plywood on skids to insure proper
ventilation and drainage .
3. Protect plywood from dampness.
2.02 MATERIALS
A. Materials grading:
B.
l. Lumber grading: Each piece of structural lumber
shall be graded and stamped by an agency acceptable
to the Architect, in accordance with the 1-atest
edition of the following codes and requirements.
(A) Douglas Fir:
Rules", No.
Bureau.
"Standard Grading and Dressing
16, West Coast Lumber Inspection
(B) Redwood·: "Standard Specification", California
Redwood Association.
(C) Plywood: American Plywood Association Standard
PS l.
Lumber materials: All lumber shall
content not exceeding 19% at the time
into the structure. Unless otherwise
lumber materials shall be as follows:
have a moi·sture
it is incorporated
shown or noted,
1. Foundation sills, nailers and ledgers in direct
contact with concrete or masonry and within 6 feet of
ground: Pressure treated Douglas Fir No. 1.
2. Beams, posts and ledgers exposed .to view: DFCR
Select Structural.
3. Beams and posts 6x and larger: DFCR No. 1.
4.
s.
Beams and posts 4x and smaller, joists,
studs, plates, blocking and all other
otherwise noted: DFCR No. 2.
headers,
wood not
(A) Wanes on members to receive edge nailing· from
plywood sheathing shall not exceed 1/4 of the
member width.
Roof plywood sheathing:
with exterior glue and
32/l,6. •
DFCR C-D Interior, group 1,
panel identificatio~ index
6. Wall Plywood sheathing: DFCR, Structural I, C-D with
exterior glue and minimum panel identification index
24/0 .
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SECTION 06100 -ROUGH CARPENTRY
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7. Floor plywood sheathing: DFCR Underlayment
plugged exterior group 2 with exterior glue .
C. Rough hardware:
1. Bolts: ASTM A307.
2. Lag screws: Federal Specification FF-B-561C.
c-c
3. Nails: Common nails. Box nails or sinker nails are
not permitted; see nailing schedule.
(A) Hot dipped galvanized nails typical for floor
sheathing only. •
4. Wood screws: Federal Specification FF-B-111D.
5. Framing clips, hangers, etc.: standard products of
Simpson Company or approved equal.
(A) Contractor shall have on the job Simpson Co.
Strong-Tie Connector catalog C90-Hl.
(B) All sheet metal connector gauges, sizes, shapes,
nailing, bolting and load carrying capacities
shall be as shown in the Simpson Co. Strong-Tie
Connect or catalog C90 ..:Hl •
6. Clamps, expansion bolts, washers, anchors: Steel or
iron; of approved manufacture.
D. Miscellaneous materials:
1. Wood preservative for pl-ant treatment: A solution of
pentachlorophenol using either oil or LPG as the
primary solvent in accordance with AWPI standard LP-3
or LP-4.
2. Wood preservative for field treatment and field
touch-up of plant treated elements: A solution. of
not less than 5% pentachlorophenol in oil containing
an appropriate coloring added by the manufacturer and
conforming to the. requirements of Federal
Specification TT-W-572.
PART 3 -EXECUTION
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3.01 WOOD PRESERVATION TREATMENT
A. General: Treat all wood in direct contact with, or
embedded in -concrete or masonry, and within 6 ft. of
ground, including sills, nailers, ledgers, wood grounds,
blocking, and other wood as directed by the Architect .
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SECTION 06100 -ROUGH CARPENTRY
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B. Method:
1. General: Treat wood in strict accordance with the
manufacturer's printed directions, and with
paragraphs 2 and 3 below.
2. Plant treatment: Pressure treatment in accordance
with AWPA standards Cl and C2 and AITC 109.
3. Field treatment: For field touch-up of plant treated
elements including all notches, holes and cut ends of
these elements by one of the following methods:
(A) Dipping treatment: •
(1) Duration of timing of dipping: Minimum 15
minutes, to be completed at least 2 hours
prior to incorporation of wood into
structure.
• (2) Touch-up: With two heavy brush coats one
hour apart, well worked in, at all places
where preservative protection is broken.
(B) Alternative: Two heavy brush coats one hour
apart at least 2 hours prior to incorporation of
wood into structure.
3 .02 INSTALLATION AND WORKMANSHIP
A. General:
1. Supervision: By foreman experienced in building
construction. Cooperate with Sub-contractors and
consult with them for their requireme'nts of blocking
backing and cutting.
2. workers: Perform all work with skilled personnel in
accordance with the best standards of practice.
Accurately cut and properly· fit all wo·od framing,
true to dimension, line, rake, or level and
permanently secure as directed.
3. Lay-out work: Establish and perform as shown on
drawings and as directed by the Architect·
the following:
(A) Lines, levels, and locations for this work and
for the work specified under other sections.
( B) Cutting, fitting, and patching to accommodate
work specified under other sections.
(C) Setting all wood backs, nailing blocks, anchors,
grounds, plates, backing, furring, etc.
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SECTION 06100 -ROUGH CARPENTRY
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4. Scaffolding, rigging, hoists, etc.: Provide and
erect and maintain in accordance with applicable laws
of the State of California as required for execution
of work.
5. Sheds and barriers; Provide, erect, and maintain as
required and as directed by the Architect. Close
all door openings with suitable material securely
fastened unless glazing is installed in time.
6. Protection of construction: Protect all elements
from damage during construction.
7. Lumber selection: Select individual pieces so that
knots and obvious minor defects will not interfere
with placing of bolts or otherwise making good
connection. Lumber having splits at the ends of
members greater than the following shall not be used.
(A) 2 x joists: Split length sh.all be less than or
( B)_
equal to the wide face.
3 x or thicker joists, beams or headers:
length. shall be less than or equal
thickness.
Split
to the
B. Fastenings:
1. General:
(A) Intent: It is the intent of the drawings to
show number_and size of nails, bolts, and other
fastenings, including spacings, as required for
structural strength. If they·•are not shown for
any particular joint, provide to the extent
indicated for a similar joint and as directed by
the Architect.
(B) Additional fastenings: Provide as directed by
the Architect whether shown on the drawings
and otherwise specified or not, such
additional nails, bolts, and other fastenings as
are required to produce normal, stout and rigid
framing and to prevent warping, sagging,
buckling, or other defects.
2. Nailing:
(A) Size: As shown on drawings. Where not
otherwise noted, whenever lumber or timber is
indicated,· specified, or required to be nailed
or spiked together, use common wire nails or
spikes of such a length that where joining one
piece of lumber or timber to another, the
penetration of the nail into the second or
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SECTION 06100 -ROUGH CARPENTRY
( B)
(C)
furthest piece shall not be less than one-half
the length of the nails. 16d nails may be used
to connect pieces of 2 11 net thickness.
Spacing: Do not drive nails closer than
one-half their length, nor closer to the edge of
the timber than one-quarter their length.
Whenever necessary to prevent splitting, bore
holes for nails or spikes with diameter of the
hole· smaller than the diameter of the nail or
spike.
Nailing of hangers, etc.: In strict accordance
with the manufacturer's printed recommendations.
3. Wood screws: Whenever wood members are indicated,
specified or required to be fastened together with
wood screws, such screws shall be screwed and not
driven into place. Provide anchorage embedment of
not less than six-tenths (0.6) of the screw length.
In placing screws in wood, first bore hole of the
same diameter and depth as the shank. Bore holes for
the threaded portion of the screw with a bit not
larger than the base of the thread.
4. Bolted joints:
(A) Bolt holes: 1/3211 to 1/16" larger than bolts,
accurately located.
(B) Washers: At each bolt head and nut, not less
than standard cut washers, placed next to wood.
(C) Tightening: Take up snug and retighten at the
latest practicable time during construction.
(D) Expansion shields: Provide as necessary and as
directed by the Architect.
5. Lag-bolt joints:
(A) Location: As shown on drawings.
(B) Washers: At each bolt head, not less than
standard cut washers placed next to wood.
(C) Bore lead holes for shank of same diameter and
depth as unthreaded shank of bolt.
(D) Provide
diameter
length at
the bolt .
lead holes for threaded portion of
60% to 75% of shank diameter and a
least equal to the threaded portion of
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SECTION 06100 -ROUGH CARPENTRY
CE) Insert the threaded portion of the lag bolt into
its lead hole by turning with a wrench, not by
driving with a hammer.
(F) Use soap or other lubricant on the screws to
facilitate insertion, and prevent damage to the
bolt.
c. Framing:
1. General: Provide framing that is closely fitted,
accurately set in plumb planes in required lines and
levels and rigidly secured in place unless otherwise
shown or noted on the drawings.
2. Walls and partitions:
(A) Sills: Anchored in place as shown on drawings:
Install a minimum of two anchors at each sill
element, and place one anchor within 9" of each
end of each sill element. For nonstructural
walls not otherwise noted, use minimum 3/16"
powder driven fasteners at 32" o.c. maximum,
minimum penetration= 1-1/4", and not over 9"
from en_d of plate.
CB) studs: Sized to give true surfaces for
application of finish. except as otherwise
shown or noted, minimum size and spacing for
interior walls is 2 X 4 at 16". See plans for
other wall sizes. Form triple stud angles. at
corners, and where wood partitions and wood
vertical furring meet.
(C) Plates: Double top plate in bearing partitions
and walls. Stagger joints in the upper and
lower members 9f the top plate not less than 4
feet. Splice top plates with a minimum of 6-16d
each side of splice unless otherwise shown on
the drawings.
CD) Opening· in wood stud partitions: Form with
double studs at each side, and headers across
the top resting on the short studs.
(E) Blocking: One row in all partitions and walls
placed horizontally, the full width of stu_d
cut-in and nailed (minimum thickness of blocking
is 2x). Provide and install wood bracing on top
plate wherever necessary to receive the nailing
of metal lath or other wall or ceiling finish
material .
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SECTION 06100 -ROUGH CARPENTRY
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(F) Stripping: Install wood stripping where
indicated on the drawings at right angles to
supporting members and securely nail into place;
spaced as indicated. Align and level stripping
by shimming where necessary. Provide stripping
or blpcking to back all edges of face paneling.
(G) Grounds and backing: Provide all wood grounds
nailers, shaped as shown; provide required
backing for all trim wall finish, cabinets,
light fixtures, mechanical plumbing and
electrical apparatus, include boxing required
for flush installati9ns. Consult with other
trades for rough-in.dimensions.
(H) Piping and conduit within stud walls:
(1) Notches: Notches
studs or plates
written approval.
are not permitted in
without Architect'~
(2) Holes: Bored holes may be placed in ~tuds,
plates and sills provided they are
accurately centered, a minimum of 12"
apart, and not over 33% of the stud width
in diameter. Where bored hole diameter is
more than 25% of stud width, reinforce
construction as follows:
(a) Plates: 1-1/2" X 1/8" strap each side
of plate nailed with 4-16d nails each
side of hole. Holes over 33% of the
plate width are not permitted in any
plate. Any pipe or conduit requiring
a hole larger than 33% of the plate
width shall be brought to the
attention of the Architect
immediately.
(b) Sills: Splice in a manner similar to
plates above at holes between 25% and
33% of sill width. Sills may be
completely cut each side of a pipe or
conduit provided an additional anchor
bolt is placed within.9" of the sill
each side of the pipe or conduit.
(c) Studs: Block on each side of stud
with block same material and dimension
as stud; extend block 2 stud widths
each side of the hole and provide
3-16d nails to stud each side of hole.
Bored holes greater than 33%, but less
than 60%, of the width of the stud are
permitted where each stud is doubled
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SECTION 06100 -ROUGH CARPENTRY
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3.
and not more than two successive
double studs are so bored and each
bored stud is reinforced as above .
Framed roofs, floors and soffits:
(~) Joists: Install with crown edge up. Anchor in
place as shown on the drawings. For
nonstructural soffits use minimum 2-16d at each
connection and provide braces as required for
stability of soffits as directed by the
Architect.
(B) Blqcking: Minimum 2 11 nominal thickness x the
full depth of joists. Typically installed at
each joist support and, in addition, ·installed
at 8 1-0 11 between supports when the nominal
rafter or joist depth exceeds 10".
(C) Openings: Any opening which will interrupt more
than one joist and is not detailed on the
structural drawings shall be called to the
attention of the Architect. At openings
which interrupt one joist, support discontinuous
joist in Simpson u joist hanger on double header
resting in Simpson U-2 joist hangers.
(D) Piping and conduit in joist framing: Notching
of joists is not permitted. Holes with a
diameter less than 1/6 of the joist depth placed
within the ·middle 1/3 of the joist length and
depth at not less than 2 '-0" o. c. may be
drilled in joists.
3.03 CLEAN UP: Remove from site any surplus materials, tools,
equipment, and debris caused by this work .
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