HomeMy WebLinkAboutLCPA 95-07; CARLSBAD BY THE SEA LUTHERAN HOME; CULTURAL RESOURCE SURVEY AND HISTORICAL ASSESSMENT; 1994-07-14I
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CULTURAL RESOURCE SURVEY
AND IDSTORICAL ASSESSMENT
FOR THE
CARLSBAD BY THE SEA FACJLITY
CALIFORNIA LUTHERAN HOMES
IN THE CITY OF CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA
Prepared for
CALIFORNIA LUTHERAN HOMES
2320 SOUTH FREMONT A VENUE
ALHAMBRA, CA 91803
pared by
7i{}l ___
EM.CHEEVER
R ARCHAEOLOGIST
SUSAN H. CARRICO AND SYLVIA KATHLEEN FLANNIGAN
HISTORIANS
RECC.'JN
Regional Environmental Consultants
7460 Mission Valley Road, San Diego, CA 92108 (619) 542-1611
1bis document printed on recycled paper.
RECON NUMBER 2613A
JULY 14, 1994
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NATIONAL ARCHAEOLOGICAL DATA BASE'INFORMATION
Authors: Dayle M. Cheever, Susan Carrico, and Sylvia
Kathleen Flannigan
Consulting finn:
Report date:
Report title:
Submitted to:
Submitted by:
Contract number:
USGS quadrangle map:
Acreage:
Keywords:
ABSTRACT
Regional Environmental Consultants (RECON)
7 460 Mission Valley Road
San Diego, CA 92108
July 1994
Cultural • Resource Survey and Historical
Assessment of the Carlsbad by the Sea Facility,
California.Lutheran Homes, Carlsbad, California
City of Carlsbad
California Lutheran Homes
2613A
San Luis Rey 7.5-minute series 1967/1975
Approximately 3.5 acres
Coastal, Carlsbad, California-Carlsbad Mineral
Spring Hotel, historic structure, cultural resource
survey, World War II, important historic era
resource.
This report presents the results of a Phase I cultural resource literature search, pedestrian
survey, and historic assessment of the Carlsbad by the Sea retirement and care facility in
the city of Carlsbad, California. This facility now occupies the fonner California
Carlsbad Mineral Spring Hotel site, which was completed in 1930; additional holdings
and structures were added to the overall physical plant in the 1950s and 1960s when the
hotel was converted into a retirement community owned and operated by California
Lutheran Homes. The Mineral Spring Hotel represents one of the earliest tourist
enterprises in the city of Carlsbad and was a popular retreat for people from southern
California as well as from other parts of the United States and abroad. The hotel was
used by many groups for conventions and various social events between 1930 and the
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early 1950s. As with many enterprises during these years, business. success--was
uncertain, in particular for a tourist-driven venture.
Historic research • and evaluation of the hotel were completed and the criteria of the
California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) were used to determine the significance
of this _ structure. The California-Carlsbad Mineral Spring Hotel was found . to be
important under criteria A and C of CEQA. This business was directly linked to the
recognition of Carlsbad as a tourist area and to the upgrading and growth of .the
downtown area. Mitigation recommendations are provided.
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I TABLE OF CONTENTS
I Management Summary 1
I Undertaking Information 3
I Setting 6
A. Natural Setting 6
I B. Cultural Setting 6
I C. Previous Work in the Region 10
Research Design 10
I Methods 11
I Results 12
I Management Considerations 28
I Mitigation Recommendations 31
I Certification and Project Staff 33
References Cited 34
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I FIGURES
1: Regional location 4
2: Project location in the city of Carlsbad 5
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ATTACHMENTS
I 1: Resumes of key personnel
2: California-Carlsbad Mineral Spring Hotel advertisements
I CONFIDENTIAL ATTACHMENT
I 1: Record search results
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1.
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Management Summary
This report presents the results of a Phase I cultural resource literature search, pedestrian
survey, and historic assessment of the Carlsbad by the Sea retirement and care facility in
the city of Carlsbad, California. This retirement facility now occupies the site of the
former California-Carlsbad Mineral Spring Hotel, a historic building which was
completed in 1930; additional property and structures were added to the overall
retirement complex in the 1950s and 1960s. Those additional structures were not
included in the historic review process; however, all of the land was surveyed for
evidence of archaeologically relevant materials. The Mineral Spring Hotel represents
one of the earliest tourist enterprises in the city of Carlsbad and was a popular retreat for
people from southern California as well as from other parts of the United States and
abroad. The building of the hotel was contingent upon the completion of upgrading of
the city sewer system, provision of street illumination, and several other civic
improvements. The hotel was used by many groups for conventions and various social
events between 1930 and the early 1950s. As with many enterprises during these years,
business success was uncertain, in particular for a tourist-driven venture.
The original hotel was built for use by a health conscientious clientele, offering.
massages, heat treatments, healthful spring water, and "beauty" aids. The -hotel
emphasized outdoor physical activities such as fishing, swimming, tennis, and archery.
·.:Specialists were hired to provide specific health benefits and treatments.
The first years of operation saw many transitions in personnel, management, and
ownership which set the tone for the life of this enterprise through the late 1950s. The
early years were difficult because of the economic climate of the country, and later, the
movement of the main highway away from the "front door" of the hotel resulted in a
decrease in business. Several owners attempted to succeed with the hotel; however, by
1954 it was clear that another use of the facility might be more profitable. In 1957
Lutheran Social Services of San Diego bought the hotel during bankruptcy proceedings
for $450,000 with plans to rework the hotel as a retirement home. This enterprise
required the need for more experience and organization than was present with the San
Diego group; and so in 1964, California Lutheran Homes (CLH) acquired the property,
which now included the original lots and one lot to the south. The current facility
includes eight buildings on two of the three parcels owned by CLH. ·
Historic research and evaluation of the hotel were completed and the criteria of the
California Environmental Quality Act were used to determine the significance of this
structure. The California-Carlsbad Mineral Spring Hotel was found to be important
under criteria A and C of CEQA. This business was directly linked to the recognition of
Carlsbad as a tourist area and to the upgrading and growth of the downtown area.
Mitigation recommendations are provided.
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At present; CLH is proposing a redevelopment and expansion of this retirement facility to
current standards for safety and design. All of the existing structures will be replaced by
an integrated, master planned campus. The former hotel, which is partially constructed
of unreinforced concrete.m~onry, will be replaced with a building designed to duplicate
the appearance of the existing structure on the facade. The demolition of the historic
building is necessary because of the structural impossibility in aligning the existing
structural floor depth of twelve inches with the currently required floor depth of
somewhat more than three feet. It would not be possible to align the existing floor with
the floor of the new building and achieve adequate ceiling height in the new building.
1:he second reason for the demolition of the historic building is for use of the existing lot
in a.m~re efficient manner. The position of the historic building on the lot is a deeper
than normal setback which dictates a significant loss of flexibility in the design of the
building area at grade and the upper floors. This results in impacts on the number of
underground parking spaces which would be available and on the positioning of back-of
the-house support services.
Mitigation of the impacts resulting from the destruction of the former hotel are provided
in some detail in the Mitigation Recommendations section and are summarized here.
These measures are to be completed before a building permit is issued by the City of
Carlsbad. The applicant will file a performance bond with the City to ensure that the
mitigation measures and design product are consistent with the materials on file in the
final application. The facility will be designed to replicate the facade of the historic
structure and will be consistent in architectural style, size, and scale with the historic
structure. Construction materials will be consistent with the existing historic structure.
A detailed history of the hotel and property will be completed by a qualified historian.
Archival information such as photographs and promotional memorabilia will be
collected. A photographic documentation of the historic building will also be completed
by a qualified photographer. Both interior and exterior photographs will be taken to
document the building and pertinent details. The photographic documentation of the
historic building will also include the production of an informational video which will
provide an overview and details of the historic structure and related features. This video
should also include a narrative which provides information about the history and
particular features of the building. This video and historic information will be placed on
file with the Carlsbad library and copies will be kept at the new Carlsbad by the Sea
facility.
An inventory of fixtures, built-ins, and reusable materials will be made so that some of
these elements can be incorporated into the new building. Where possible, items will be
considered for adaptive reuse. A qualified archaeologist will be present during
construction grading to identify buried archaeological deposits. In the event that
important cultural resource deposits are identified, a recovery and analysis program will
be initiated.
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Undertaking Information
In accordance with CEQA (Section 21083.2 of the Statutes and Appendix K of the
Guidelines) and policies and requirements of the City of Carlsbad regarding ·the
protection of cultural resources, a cultural resource survey and historical assessment were
completed for the property at 2855 Carlsbad Boulevard in the western portion of the city
of Carlsbad and adjacent properties to the west and south (Figures I and 2). The project
is within Township 12 South, Range 5 West, of Section I on the U.S.G.S. San Luis Rey
Quadrangle.
The main project area is occupied by a Spanish eclectic building which was originally
built as the California-Carlsbad Mineral Spring Hotel. This building, which fronts on
Carlsbad Boulevard, consists of a large, symmetrical stucco facade building with a red
tile roof. There is a tower over the arched portico that is accessed by a semicircular
drive. The building facade is accented by matched pergolas and decorative ceramic tiles
and saltillo floor tiles carry the Spanish influence inside. Beyond the large lobby is a
Spanish-style courtyard which is enclosed on all but the west end, affording a dramatic
blue-water view of the ocean. There is a fountain in the courtyard and attractive
overhangs for shade on these interior courtyard walls.
In addition to the original hotel site, there is a small parcel of undeveloped land to the
west and a building in use immediately to the south. With the exception of the former
hotel, all of the remaining buildings on the property were constructed after 1950.
The project, as currently proposed, calls for a redevelopment program for the existing
Carlsbad by the Sea facility and campus by the current owner/operator, California
Lutheran Homes. The go~. is tQ replace the existing· facility with a master planned
campus. The existing facility in6fodes-eight buildings on two of the three parcels that are
owned by ·c:LH. These buildings are ,presently in use as accommodations of single-or
two-room ·suite apartments in the large main building and ocean-view cottages on the • '
western end of the lot. On the south side of Grand A venue is an extension of the facility,
th~ Lutheran Health Facility, which offers skilled nursing care.
The main building was constructed between 1929-1930 and the construction is partially
of unreinforced concrete which is considered unsafe building material at today's
earthquake standards. The proposal by CLH is to update the existing facilities with the
first step a redevelopment plan. Ultimately, redevelopment may mean the complete
demolition of all the existing buildings with new construction based on a faithful
replication of the original style and feel of the building.
The current cultural resource investigation is intended to evaluate the importance of the
existing historic elements and to identify the presence of any prehistoric resources and to
determine their importance.
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4 2 MILES 0
FIGURE 1
Regional Location of the Project
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Map source: U.S.G.S. 7.5 minute topographic map,
San Luis Rey quadrangle
■»~"""'T"'""''·~-
4000
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2000
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FEET 0
FIGURE 2
Project Vicinity
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Setting
A brief discussion of the project setting is provided, as well as observations of existing
conditions. This information is provided as a preliminary context for the cultural
chronology which follows. In addition, this information presents some of the background
from which decisions regarding resource importance are made.
A. Natural Setting
The project area is located in the western portion of the city of Carlsbad (see Figures 1
and 2). The property is situated at 2855 Carlsbad Boulevard, with Grand Avenue to the
south, Christiansen Way to the north, and Ocean Street to the west. This is primarily an
urban setting and within the City of Carlsbad Redevelopment zone. There are several
undeveloped lots in the vicinity; however, most of the surrounding land supports business
enterprises and private residences.
The property under study includes a small parcel that fronts the beach with the remainder
of the land to the east. The parcels are flat and the geology from the west to the east is
coastal beaches, terrace escarpments, and marina loamy course sand (U.S. Department of
Agriculture [USDA] ·1973). The coastal beach area does not support vegetation and
varies in terms of exposure both by season and lunar influence. The terrace escarpments,
which make up a narrow band of the property on the west occur on the "nearly even
fronts of terraces or alluvial fans" (USDA 1973). The greatest proportion of the study
ar~a is defined as marina loamy coarse sand. Generally, this soil series· consists of very
well-drained and deep course loamy sands that are derived from weakly consolidated
eolian sand (USDA 1973). These soils are found on old beach ridges and have slopes of
2 to 30 percent The mean annual precipitation is between 12 and 14 inches per year and
the mean air temperature is between 60° and 62° Fahrenheit.
Immediately to the north of the project area is Buena Vista Lagoon, which like all of the
lagoons in the southern California region, represents an unusual and rich environmental
circumstance. This is particularly true of the prehistoric past, when these features
provided a rich and varied supply of natural resources to aboriginal peoples.
B. Cultural Setting
The survey area is within a part of the region that has been extensively studied by
historians and archaeologists over the past 20 years. Most of the work that has been done
is related to the passage of CEQA and the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) in
the early 1970s. The region includes land in use or proposed for development as
residential and commercial properties, roadways, and park land.
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The following scenario of cultural traditions is based on the work that has been
accomplished in the city since the early 1920s. The existing body of archaeological and
ethnographic data is the basis for the generalized patterns of human behavior which are
presented.
1. Prehistoric Period
The structure and labels of the most widely used cultural chronology for the San Diego
region are attributable to an early pioneer in systematic survey of the local area:
Malcolm Rogers of the San Diego Museum of Man. His early surveys were of the
coastal area, where he found many shell middens with associated implements of stone
(Rogers 1929).
Based on the proximity of a number of these early sites to the community of La Jolla,
Rogers named this the La Jolla complex or tradition and the name has remained. It is
interesting to note that Rogers hypothesized that this was the oldest archaeological
tradition in the region, primarily because of the rudimentary or crude lithic artifacts. The
La Jolla complex as identified by Rogers is now known to span some 6,500 years of the
prehistoric period in this region. The cultural materials identified as belonging to this
tradition have been found in sites with radiocarbon dates upwards of 8,500 years before
the present (B.P.).
Since the early proposition by Rogers that the La Jolla tradition was the most ancient of
the archaeological manifestations in the San Diego region, further clarification has been
provided by the discovery of older materials and the recognition that the crude quality of
the La Jolla artifact materials is not a sound basis for chronological placement. Indeed,
Rogers made it quite clear that his original thinking on this matter was in error.
The earliest archaeological materials in the county are attributed to a tradition or phase
which· is known as the San Dieguito. The artifacts associated with this phase, which
begins in the county by circa 9,500 B.P., are generally described as finely worked stone
bifaces, small and generally light projectiles, and a variety of scrapers and choppers.
These site assemblages tend to be found as surface or shallow deposits on ridge tops,
leading to a characterization of these people as nomadic hunters. Ongoing research
seems to suggest that the people probably supplemented hunted foods and raw materials
with gathered or foraged materials to a greater extent than was once portrayed. In any
case, sites of this ancient time are relatively unusual and often disturbed or contaminated
by archaeological materials from the subsequent tradition: the La Jolla. These
conditions make definitive statements concerning the individual traditions, as well as
accurate reconstructions of the individual traditions, difficult.
As mentioned above, beginning some 8,500 years B.P., the San Dieguito tradition is
replaced by the extensive La Jolla tradition or phase. There is considerable debate as to
whether the San Dieguito people continued to occupy the county or if they did abandon
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this area by 8,500 B.P. (Moriarty 1967; Kaldenberg 1982; Gallegos and Carrico 1984;
Wallace 1978:28-30). The central issue in this debate is whether or not the San Dieguito
people continued to occupy this region or were replaced by people represented by the La
Jolla artifact tradition. If the former situation is accurate, it becomes necessary to address
the quesJ:ion of technological change within the existing culture, as the artifact
assemblages of these two traditions are dissimilar.
The form of La Jolla tradition lithic artifacts is one of the areas where the San Dieguito
materials and La Jolla materials differ. Generally speaking, stone artifacts from La Jolla
tradition sites do not reflect the variety of types and quality of craftsmanship that are
represented in the San Dieguito tradition. There is less selectivity of raw material, with a
general pattern of using whatever was available. The La Jolla tradition tools are often
made from cobble-based core stones with unifacial and bifacial edge damage from
scraping and battering. While there is obvious edge preparation, the removal of flakes is
through hard hammer action and the edges tend to undulate from the lack of precision.
In addition to differences in flaked lithic tool manufacturing, La Jolla tradition sites tend
to yield ground stone implements, predominantly manos and slab or basin metates. The
settlement pattern which is expressed for this phase is also distinctive. Sites are found
both inland and along the coastal margin, with concentrations in major drainages and
around the estuaries or lagoons. These sites often reflect a depth of cultural deposit
which are not found at sites of the preceding San Dieguito phase, and at coastal locations,
shellfish refuse accumulations are common.
By circa 2,000 B.P., Yuman-speaking people were present in the Gila/Colorado River
drainage. Within a short time, some of these groups migrated further west and entered
Imperial and San Diego counties. This migration brought these people in contact with
the La Jolla tradition groups. Archaeological findings identify a number of changes as a
result of this contact. One of the most distinctive markers of contact is the introduction ••
of ceramic technology. In addition;·tlie Yuman traditions include processing practices
which includ~ grinding~,· In addition to· the mano and metate implements which were
already present, the Yuman assemblage includes pestles and deeper and narrower mortars
or bowls and the extensive use of bedrock outcroppings as processing areas.
The people who were living in the vicinity of the current project were given the name
Diegueno, after the first of a number of missions which were established in Alta
California by the Spanish beginning in 1769. Descendants of these people are found
today throughout San Diego County and are known variously as Kumeyaay, Ipai, or
Tipai.
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2. Early mstoric Period
Spanish colonization of Alta California began in 1769 with the migration of Spanish and
Mexican troops, religious personnel, and civilians into the San Diego region. The
location of landing for the seagoing portion of this excursion was the San Diego Bay,
with a landfall near the area that is now identified as Old Town. This group of colonists
was followed by an overland expedition, and a settlement was established at the location
which is now within Presidio Park. Within a few years, the mission portion of this early
settlement was moved to the east (in Mission Valley), where it was named Mission San
Diego de Alcala. The site of this mission was a large Native American village which is
known from ethnographic sources as Nipaguay.
Spanish colonial activities throughout Alta California affected all of the aboriginal
groups from the coast where initial contact took place to the inland areas. The Mexican
period (1822-1848) saw the continued displacement and disruption of traditional
lifeways, primarily through the expansion of the land grant program and development of
extensive rancho holdings.
Granting of statehood and the gold rush brought many changes for California generally
and for San Diego County specifically. By the late 1800s, development in the county
was well under way with the beginnings of a recognizable downtown area for the city of
San Diego and the gradual development of a number of outlying communities, many of
which were established around previously defined ranchos and land grants. The city of
Carlsbad was among one of the earliest of these proximal communities to develop an
infrastructure and to attract citizens and business enterprises.
Carlsbad was founded during the economic boom of the 1880s; although as early as
1842, some of the land that is now within the city was part of the large rancho of Agua
Hedionda. In 1880-1881 the California Southern Railroad reached the Carlsbad area
linking it with San Diego. While this event is important, the settling of John Frazier on
some 160 acres of land in what is the present-day central area of the city is credited by
some to be the beginning of growth for this community. One of the noteworthy features
of his arrival is that he was inclined to dig a well to provide for his fresh water needs and.
apparently tapped into a source that was and is still believed by some to have curative·
properties for rheumatism, among other afflictions (Avitt 1960).
By the mid-1880s, there was a cluster of homes around the Frazier property and, with a
platform for the railroad, this area came to be known as Frazier's Station (Rush 1964).
The combination of the famous water and access to speculators who were traveling via
railroad resulted in a short-lived boom which was ending by 1888.
Carlsbad did not see significant change-~ri!il -1910 when, once again, the city population
increased and more stable economiG concerns were begun. The -most stable economic
concerns were agricultural, as the city boosts one of the most generous growing climates
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in the world. The ability to irrigate formally dry fanned plots enhanced these endeavors
markedly.
An extensive history of the property under study is provided in the Results-Section of this
report.
C. Previous Work in the Region
The survey program for the project area began with a review of the existing literature and
site record information for the downtown portion of the city of Carlsbad. Record search
information from the South Coastal Information Center (SCIC) at San Diego State
University and the repository at the San Diego Museum of Man identifies four prehistoric
sites, two state landmarks, and three state historic properties within a one-mile radius of
the project area (Confidential Attachment 1). It should also be noted that there are
numerous properties of local importance in the vicinity of the project.
The SCIC has four documents on file which cover property within a one-mile radius of
the project area (see Confidential Attachment 1). The Museum of Man has two such
reports on file. In addition, the 1978 Regional Historical Preservation Study completed
for the Comprehensive Planning Organization (WESTEC Services, Inc. 1980) covers
large portions of the city and provides a detailed history. These studies range from
focused survey and assessment of small properties to extensive linear or areal coverage.
The SCIC has site records for four prehistoric sites within a one-mile radius of the
subject property (see Confidential Attachment 1). The Museum of Man also has records
and mapped locations of four sites within a one-mile radius of the Carlsbad by the Sea
property; however, these sites do not correspond exactly with the SCIC records. Three of
the site locations are shared by the two clearinghouses and two are not. Generally
speaking, the largest number of prehistoric sites are along the south edge of Buena Vista
Lagoon and one site, SDM-W-469, recorded with the Museum of Man, is located
approximately 1,000 feet to the south of the Carlsbad by the Sea property. This site, as
recorded in 1972, had elements of both historic and prehistoric human behavior;
however, the site was destroyed during construction activities.
Research Design
The project area is known to be within a region whi~h has a rich history of cultural
resource discovery. As noted above, there are fi~e pre~storic and numerous historic era
cultural resource sites within one mile of· the projett area. • At ¢.is level of cultural
resource investigation,· there • is ·not specifically any research to design, save the
completion of a cultural resource survey which establishes with confidence that cultural
resource sites will not be adversely impacted by a proposed action. For the current
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project the level of effort includes an assessment of the historic importance of the
structure under consideration from local, regional, and state perspectives.
The survey of the 3.5 acres of holdings by CLH was intended to bring current the cultural
resource information for this property and to provide field information regarding the
historic era structures on the property. The current survey was intended to identify new
resource sites and isolates.
The project area -was surveyed for historic and prehistoric resource sites and features.
The level of work conducted is consistent with Phase I cultural resource investigations,
which include gathering archival and written information concerning the project area and
immediate vicinity and completing intensive pedestrian survey of the project area. In
addition to the field visit, an extensive archival search was completed for information
concerning individuals associated with the building and grounds of the original Carlsbad
Mineral Spring Hotel and to provide a historic setting for the development of this
property. This information is provided below.
Methods
The current project was carried out in two steps. The first step included review of the site
record search information from the regional clearinghouse and the San Diego Museum of
Man prior to undertaking the field effort. This review conf'mned the mapped locations of
the previously recorded cultural resource sites in relation to the survey area and allowed
for the accurate plotting of these sites on the project maps which were used in the field.
The second step was an intensive pedestrian survey of the entire project parcel. The
survey was conducted on May 4, 1994, by Dayle M. Cheever, Susan H. Carrico, and
Sylvia Kathleen Flannigan. Dayle M. Cheever is certified by the Society of Professional
Archeologists (SOP A) in field research and teaching. Resumes for project personnel are
presented in Attachment 1. The survey methods conform to standards established by the
City of Carlsbad and are proposed to be sufficient to identify cultural resource sites
within the study area.
The weather on the day of the survey was clear and warm. The day was spent under
clear skies and a moderate to warm temperature.
The survey for archaeological isolates, features, or sites was conducted by walking over
the exposed areas of the property, most of which exist between buildings, hardscape, or
landscape elements. All open areas were carefully inspected for evidence of
archaeological resources and periodically landscaping was pushed aside and the ground
surface inspected. The historic component of the property was surveyed by walking
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through and around the entire facility. Some of the interior areas were not accessible
because of the nature of the use of the facility.
Results
A. Prehistoric/ Archaeological Resources
The results of the cultural resource survey of the Carlsbad by the Sea property are
negative for prehistoric cultural resource sites, features, • or isolates. While the location
may have provided a reasonable stopping place for aboriginal peoples, none of the
evidence of these visits have survived. The most likely reason for this, if sites have
existed on this project, is that evidence of buried sites is masked by the buildings and
landscaping, or that the sites were destroyed by farming and later development on this
property.
B. Historic Resources
There is one historic resource on the project property. This building, associated gardens,
and patios were known as the California-Carlsbad Mineral Spring Hotel. This large
building covers most of the central lot within the project and, as mentioned above, is in
use as a retirement and care facility. The following information concerns the
development of the California-Carlsbad Mineral Spring Hotel. This information was
gathered from source material at the Carlsbad Public Library and the files at the Carlsbad
by the Sea facility. The intent is to summarize the history of this building and the
surrounding grounds and to demonstrate the associations of this building and enterprise
with the community of Carlsbad specifically and southern California generally.
Charles R. Stanford, of the firm Stanford & Crown of Alhambra, whose building and
realty interests included the hotel Indio and the California Hotel in Glendale, purchased
Block 9 of the Carlsbad tract from H. A. and Lucia Church on February 6, 1928.
Stanford originally intended to build a 100-room resort hotel on the property; however,
building the hotel was contingent upon a city provision for an adequate sewage disposal
system. At the same time as this property acquisition, Stanford began negotiations with
J. R. Newberry, a miner and mercantile proprietor, who owned the mineral springs across
the street on Block 10. The two men realized the importance of the unique mineral
waters which came from this spring and envisioned a water sanitarium on the Newberry
property. This mineral well dated back to the original property owner, John Frazier, circa
1880. As mentioned above, Frazier dug the well to facilitate potable water for his and
adjacent properties (WESTEC Services, Inc. 1980).
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The Carlsbad Journal reported on February 10, 1928 that "This is the beginning of what
appears to be extensive plans for the .early up building of the Palisades." The article also
indicated that: "There are plans underway for illuminating the district which should prove
of inestimable value, not only for that particular section, but for the entire city."
The March 16, 1928 edition of the Carlsbad Journal discussed the early plans for a hotel
on the Stanford site and a mineral -springs sanitarium across the ·street on the Newberry
property. -At this time, Stanford held a short-term option on the Newberry property, but
others also expressed interest In this article Stanford stated, " ... the additional
promotion of a modern hotel-sanitarium on the spring property would work together for
mutual benefit advancing the importance of Carlsbad as both a health and recreational
center, a feature as yet undeveloped on the South Coast."
On April 6, 1928, the Carlsbad Journal reported that "The destiny of Carlsbad as the
outstanding health and recreational center of the Pacific coast was given great impetus
this week when contracts were signed between J. R. Newberry, owner of the Carlsbad
Mineral Springs, and Clinton Oliver of Colorado by which Mr. Oliver becomes owner of
a half interest in the spring property. Included in the contract was an agreement for a
$500,000 corporation to develop the property and construct and operate a large institution
which will have for its object the restoration of the bloom of health to ailing people."
The Oliver-Carlsbad connection came through Fred W. Mitchell, publisher of the
Carlsbad Journal, who knew Oliver years before in Kansas City where Oliver directed
the hotel-sanitarium.
During this same time, the Carlsbad Chamber of Commerce emphasized "A City of
Beautiful." On April 12, 1928, at the Chamber's weekly meeting, President W. T. Hart
opened the program with "an injunction to the residents of Carlsbad to emphasize
ornamental planting and home beautifying (Carlsbad Journal April 13, 1928). He raised
the subject of the new sanitarium which was to be built on the Newberry property that
year and suggested that a well-groomed, well-cared for city with an abundance of flowers
and grass would prove a lure for similar interests to locate in the city.
On July 16, 1928, Charles B. Stanford purchased the mineral springs property from J. R.
Newberry, as recorded in the San Diego County Recorder's Office. The Carlsbad
Journal of August 10, 1928 reported: "Stanford and Stanford, Alhambra realtors and
builders, associated with Walter Shores, together with prominent Los Angeles capitalists,
this week announce the purchase of the Carlsbad Mineral Springs properties from J. R.
Newberry, and add that plans are already underway for the early building of a hundred
room hotel and mineral spring bathhouse."
The August 17, 1928 edition of the Southwest Builder and Contractor stated that
"Stanford and Stanford, 1808 W. Main Street, Alhambra, are having plans prepared for a
hotel, bathhouse and plunge to be erected at Carlsbad, San Diego, County. The hotel will
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be a three story Spanish style structure and will contain 100 rooms. The total cost of the
development projected will be $500,000.11
With the additional Stanford purchase, Earl C. Rahn received appointment as company
architect of the operation. Architect Rahn had been associated with the Stanfords in
other building projects such as the Glendale Hotel and hotels in Nogales and Yuma,
Arizona.
The August 1928 Stanford plans for the mineral springs site included a resort hotel
"featuring a mineral bath department, diet kitchen and physical culture, maintaining a
house physician, but not to engage in what could be accepted in any as a sanitarium 11
(Carlsbad Journal 8-10-1928:1). The enterprise was not a stock selling proposition but
was owned outright by three men who asked for no special treatment from the Carlsbad
community with the exception of a lighting district along the Coast Highway and
adequate sewage disposal.
This same issue of the Carlsbad Journal reported that:
The structure will be built on part of the property now occupied by the
Newberry cottages. That part of the tract now occupied by the huge
euca~yptus trees will be planted and landscaped, and a smart pavilion for
the dispensing of the mineral water will be erected and operated where the
foundation new exists ( on the corner of Cedar and Coast Highway
according to the 1929 Sanborn Fire Map). the style of architecture will be
Spanish to conform to the prevailing architectural code of California.
The announcement of the final completion of plans for setting in motion
its mineral spring development has been received by the people of
Carlsbad with more than ordinary enthusiasm. It has long been the
conviction of those most interested in the progress of Carlsbad that the key
to its future lay in the promotion of its mineral spring as the basis for a
great health and recreational center. No such institution or development
exists along the coast on the main ocean highway. Motor traffic on the
Broadway of the Pacific (as the Carlsbad Journal proclaimed in its
masthead) is numbered by the thousands daily, with cars from~ parts of
the United States.
The Stanfords, though ready to build, were forced to await the completion of the city's
plans for a proper sanitary system. They received verbal assurance at a town meeting on
August 21, 1923, that this would be accomplished. At this time, the Stanford group
presented the architect's drawing of the planned facility which "showed a structure,
including the spring pergola, of 200 feet on the highway and 240 feet on Grand Avenue. 11
With a strong influence from Spanish architecture, the building included an artistic tower.
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The original unit featured 70 to 80 guest rooms with lobbies, lounges, and dining rooms
large enough for future expansion of up to as many as 500 rooms.
The August 31, 1928, Carlsbad Journal reported that as soon as the city could give
assurances as to the building of a sewage disposal plant, the construction work would
start on the Carlsbad Mineral Spring Hotel and Bathhouse. Charles R. Stanford, in the
same article, stated "If Carlsbad is skeptical as to the good faith of himself and associates
they will furnish written guaranties of their plans to build here just as soon as they know
that sewerage requirements will be available." Stanford elaborated that "It may be that a
septic tank and cesspool plan would meet the requirements here. We don't know. Our
observation, however, confirms the belief that Carlsbad's future development will depend
largely upon how soon it provides a sanitary system. Capital is not disposed to make
further investments in the absence of these accommodations." Information was also
provided that "Artists were put to work on August 30 reproducing a picture of the
proposed hotel on the huge sign board on the property."
The Carlsbad Journal of September 28, 1928, reported that "Carlsbad's Mineral Springs
Hotel plans are expected to be enlarged to include sanitarium features which will be
under the direction of C. L. Oliver." The Oliver-Stanford-Shores-Eastman group reached
an understanding that the city "will have a general resort and health hotel which will be
of much greater importance to Carlsbad and its growth than had the plans beenJ.imited to
a hotel only."
The hotel development group, now referred to as the Eastman Hotel Company, issued a
statement about their plans which appeared on the front page of the September 28, 1928,
Carlsbad Journal. The announcement read, "The information has come to us that there is
some question in the minds of some Carlsbad people as to our development intentions on
the Mineral Springs property. To place at rest any uncertainty as to our plans for
building a health hotel in Carlsbad, our project is completely financed and we are ready
to start building the day Carlsbad provides assurance of sewage disposal, and not before.
It will be impossible to make a move until this assurance is given. Our investment will
have to wait or be disposed of unless evidence is given of approving our proposal."
The Carlsbad Journal of October 26, 1928, wrote that the Eastman Hotel Company
"executed a guaranteed bond in the sum of $10,000 in favor of the Carlsbad Sanitary
Committee" to be forfeited in the event that they fail to build the necessary facilities. The
request for the bond came from the local sanitation committee for the "purpose of
dispelling any doubt in the minds of local people as to intentions and good faith of the
hotel company in the event that Carlsbad proceeds with its sewer program." It was at this
same time that the hotel group, along with C. L. Oliver, announced more detailed plans
for the sanitarium.
The Eastman Hotel Company was forced to hold off on their plans to build the
hotel/sanitarium complex, which they had hoped to complete by January 1929, until the
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issue of sewage treatment could be resolved. A sanitary commission was established,
engineering reports were -finished, and decisions were made as to how-this expensive
endeavor (approximately $60,000) would be financed, with the choices of a special
assessment or as a bond issue.
The February 15, 1929, edition of the Carlsbad Journal reported that Carlsbad had filed a
petition with the Board of Supervisors requesting that the board call an election for the
organization of the Carlsbad Sanitary District.
-The April 19 edition of the Carlsbad Journal reported that the issue of establishing a
_-·sanitary district.for Carlsbad won by a landslide at 418 to 95 votes. The Sanitary District
officers included: Mark Coffin, Alex Beller, R. W. Baird, Paul W. Thompson and P. J.
Wheldon. The editorial page of the same issue proclaimed, "New Sanitary District Will
Open Way for Progress in Carlsbad." On April 26, the new Sanitary Board went into
action at its first official meeting and called for a bond election on June 11.
The June 21, 1929, Carlsbad Journal reported that "Carlsbad voted $60,000 at the special
bond election for the construction of a modern sanitary system with an ocean outfall.
The vote was 446 to 67 in favor of the bond." That edition stated that D. R. Stanford, the
hotel contractor and brother of the developer, planned to rush construction of the new
California Mineral Spring Hotel. The newspaper article further explained that the hotel
directors changed the building site from the east to the west side of the highway to
provide guests with a better ocean view and to move the facilities farther away from the
noise of passing trains. They also felt that this move would provide for "more
commodious and secluded recreational groves."
The new plans for the hotel, "revealed an imposing structure of stucco and red-tile roof,
with Spanish style architecture, practically covering the entire tract of 200 x 300 feet, at
two and three stories high. There will be two wings, 240 x 50 feet, enclosing a
landscaped patio facing the ocean. In front of each wing facing the highway will be a
structure built in pagoda effect, about 50 x 50 feet, one a dining room and the other a
ladies' lounge. In the center will be a large three story tower covering a driveway and
porte cochere, the entire front of the institution to be beautifully landscaped. Connecting
the lounge with the dining room will be a commodious lobby, 114 x 35 feet, with a
mezzanine, all backed with plate glass facing the patio and flower garden. On the third
floor will be a suite of apartments. On the ground floor of the north wing will be located
the clinic, mineral springs and hot ocean baths, operating rooms and wards. There will
be a north entrance to the clinic and a Grand Avenue entrance to the lobby."
An architectural rendering and a somewhat different detailed description of the hotel also
appeared in the San Diego Union on June 6, 1929. The hotel containing 101 guest
rooms, was to be "a two and three story stucco building with red tile roof. Two wings
will be two stories with a 90 foot court between them. The tower is to be three stories
with special apartments on the third floor and an entrance to a roof garden. Facing the
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ocean, a landscape[ d] patio will stretch 90 by 200 feet between the two wings, which will
be connected with-the lobby and the mezzanine floor by pergolas. Provisions are made
for dining room, ballroom, gymnasium, and rooms for electro-and hydrotherapy. The
clinic is to be on the first floor of the north wing, which will also include mineral and hot
salt water baths from the ocean."
Construction of the Mineral Spring Hotel based on these plans began on September 13,
1929. Completion of the building was slated for March 1, 1930. It was also reported that
the hotel company had acquired an additional strip of land, 150 x 200 feet, lying between
the hotel site and the ocean from Mrs. Nancy Maltby.
The September 20, 1929, Carlsbad Journal stated that "Plans for the new Carlsbad
Mineral Springs Hotel involve an ultimate cost of one-half million dollars instead of a
quarter-million. The work of excavation proceeded less rapidly than expected, due to the
hard formation of the ground. Steam shovels were used in the work and it was necessary
at times to loosen the hard packed soil by the use of small charges of dynamite, there
having been no water on the tract for many months."
The Carlsbad Journal of October 4, 1929, stated that "The contract for lumber, cement,
rock and brick has been given to R. W. Baird of the Home Builders Store, Carlsbad, and
R. G. Chase of this city has the contract for hauling the concrete sand." The building
plans called for the use of Calavera rock, and it also was noted in this article that the
final plans for the project were to be prepared by Roy L. Smith, a San Diego architect.
The completed building was to be 192 x 238 feet and include a lobby, lounge, dining
room, service rooms, kitchen, offices, and 131 bedrooms. Building specifications
included brick construction, a Spanish style of architecture, tile roofing, pine and tile
floors, tiled baths, and a steam heating system.
In addition to the above-mentioned subcontractors, the hotel developers also used the
general contractor, D. R. Stanford of Glendale; Coony and Winterbottom of Los Angeles,
plumbing; Glasson Mills, millwork; and William Prentice from Monterey Park,
brickwork.
Ip_ prepai_-atiqn of enclosing the original well in an artistic pagoda, the well was closed and
no water··was ·to· be served or shipped for about three weeks. A new system of pumping
and distributing the mineral water was to be installed which would conform to what were
considered to be more modern and scientific sanitary methods.
A newspaper article on the front page of the October 11, 1929, Carlsbad Journal noted
that "A spreading eucalyptus tree is to be preserved in the center patio of the great
building to be trimmed and tailored and surrounded with rare tropical blooming plants.
The old eucalyptus has departed from all the tall, slender types and has branched out into
a veritable umbrella. It is a typical Southern California tree and will harmonize in the
setting."
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The following month the Carlsbad Journal reported that "Steel workers have been here
this week completing the setting.of the high steel beams over·the 114 foot lobby. R. W.
Howe, expert cabinet worker of Los Angeles, formerly of Carlsbad, is at work on the job
preparing the posts for the lobby which will be finished in antique style to harmonize
with the Spanish architecture construction. A great fireplace surrounded with drinking
fountains, tropical plants, and other decorations will be one of the beauty spots of the
huge lobby. At the south end of the lobby will be a commodious women's lounge with an
octagonal maple floor specially built for dancing and other entertainment" (November 8,
1929).
On November 30, 1929, before the resort was completed, Carlsbad celebrated .. the
progress of a number of city ·and private projects, including the $60,000 sanitary system,
the city illumination project, the state park at Agua Hedionda, the airport, as well as the
new mineral springs resort. County • luminaries paid tribute to Carlsbad on a .special
platform set up in front of the hotel entrance. Newspapermen from Los Angeles ·and San
Diego County, as well as John T. Forward, president of San Diego Title and Trust -
Company, among others paid tribute.
The vision that the Eastman Hotel Company had for Carlsbad began with the mineral
springs and they advertised this resort as one that provided an attractive setting that
included the mineral waters, where people "accustomed to luxury might gather under
pleasant surroundings and at the same time have the benefit of ... the baths" (Carlsbad
Journal, June 6, 1930). This is one of many ads for the resort that were posted prior to
the completion of the Carlsbad Hotel. Attachment 2 provides a selection of
advertisements from this period.
Charles B. Stanford, the mastermind behind the project, was a conspicuous real estate
salesperson and developer in Los Angeles for many years and the city of Indio was
considered a "Stanford town." As mentioned above, Stanford hired his brother, D.R.
Stanford, to serve as contracting builder of the organization. D.R. was also the
superintendent for the construction of the California Hotel in Glendale. George A.
Eastman, a hotel operator for many years in Los Angeles, held the position of secretary
treasurer of the company.
The Carlsbad Journal carried advertisements selling "beach lots directly in front of the
new California-Carlsbad Mineral Springs Hotel" for $2,050 (February 14, 1930). The
properties were handled through the South Coast Land Company with C. D. McClellan as
the resident agent. Articles found in the Santa Fe Railroad's publication, The Earth,
praised Carlsbad as a health resort citing the new hotel, which would open in May, as a
major focal point of the community.
Beginning in April 1930, the landscapers planted scores of six to thirty feet high palms
on the property. In addition "bouganvilleas, [roses], lombardies and other trees, shrubs
and flowers" were brought by truck load to provide color and beauty to the hotel grounds.
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Charles B. Stanford personally directed the landscaping with help from experienced
landscapers and nurserymen, claiming that no expense would be spared "in converting
the grounds into floral beauty." In addition, an old eucalyptus tree, still standing in the
central courtyard area, was preserved as part of the landscaping effect. Plans for the
grounds also included a miniature golf course, tennis courts, and an outdoor gymnasium
where morning exercises would be performed as part of the hotel's health and recreation
program.
The lobby was also finished during April but there was still concern about the timing of
the completion of the sewer accommodations, upon which the opening of the hotel was
dependent Furnishings for the hotel were special ordered from the ,Angeles
Manufacturing Company of Los Angeles and included richly upholstered furniture,
draperies, and rugs. The Spanish motif was carried throughout the large lobby, lounges,
and dining room.
Initially, the hotel was operated by a group partnership comprised of the two principal
owners of the Eastman Hotel Company, C. B. Stanford and George A. Eastman, and
Edward Rush Cooper. Eastman was to head the dining department while Elizabeth Beck,
a Hollywood caterer, was to act as the manager. A lease was signed by Fred W.
Mitchell to operate the clinical department, with Dr. Priestley Osburn of Hollywood
serving as medical director. The Carlsbad Journal described the treatment rooms as
equipped to provide "mineral water and ocean baths, Swedish and mechanical massage,
electro-therapy, physical culture and diet" (May 2, 1930:1). The laboratory and x-ray
department was presented as specializing in personal service, though released
information was careful to include a warning that it was non-medical and non-surgical in
nature. Priestley had a corps of trained assistants including a graduate French masseur
under his direction. In addition, the facilities included a health food and mineral water
dispensary.
The hotel was lauded as "a project which has been under promotion here for the past two
years and which has involved a unity of effort among the people of Carlsbad. Their
splendid response to the demand for modem sanitation resulted in the building of the
sanitary system, now in operation" (Carlsbad Journal May 2, 1930:1) The apparent
benefit of this sanitation system and public attention spilled over onto other projects
which could almost be assured. For example, "the improvement of the Buena Vista
estuary for aquatic recreation, a landing field and a nearby country club and golf course."
Another bonus for promoting the hotel was the addition of Dr. P. M. Seixas, a noted
physical culturist to the hotel team. Dr. Seixas created and directed a morning exercise
program that was broadcast over station KNX in Los Angeles.
Completion of the construction efforts and preparation for the first guests was contingent
upon the sewer hookup; until drainage was provided the final cleaning of the building
was delayed. Last-minute alterations in electric equipment and plumbing caused both the
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health area and dining room to open about a week after the hotel started accepting guests
so. the guests enjoyed the fine accommodations in the rooms. The absence of a hospital
atmosphere· characterized the new California-Carlsbad University of Health.
Dr. Seixas spoke to the Chamber of Commerce the week prior to the hotel opening. His
topic was "Carlsbad, The Health Center of the World." The speaking occasion was used
to announce the creation of his new organization, the California Health Club, which
would be headquartered in Carlsbad. The club would promote the "value of maintaining
and restoring health by means of activity, exercise, diet and right living" (Carlsbad
Journal, May 30, 1930:1).
A full two-page spread in the San Diego Union advertised the formal opening of the hotel
on June 7, 1930, with the banquet costing $5.00 a plate. Photographs of the interior were
displayed with the following description of the available conveniences: "Softly tinted
walls, rich heavy carpets, spacious lounge chairs, mellow, distributed illumination,
colorful drapes, ample closets, tiled showers and tubs, cosmetic cabinets, fluffy bath
towels, room phones, snow-white bed linens with responding springs and hair mattress
will all contribute to the perfect setting for rest and recuperation."
The formal dedication of the hotel took place on Saturday evening, June 7, 1930, with a
reception including speakers, special music, and entertainment. Photographs of the event
appeared in the Carlsbad Journal. The Honorable Vierling Kersey, State Superintendent
of Public Instruction, representing Governor Young, delivered the after-dinner speech,
while Dr. Seixas served as the master of ceremonies. The banquet was served in three
dining areas with over I 00 guests coming from various places including Los Angeles,
San Diego, Long Beach, and Pasadena. Notable guests included Clark Shaw, business
executive with the Chicago Civic Opera Company, Ray Rockett, producer for Pathe
Pictures, and Frank Forward of the San Diego Union Trust company, to name a few.
Tours of the building, health spa, and grounds were given by hotel personnel.
Single rooms at the hotel were advertised at $2.00 per night, $3.50 for a double. Meals
by the day were $2.50 with baths and treatments ranging from $2.50 to $4.00. Tourists
and locals alike were encouraged to "enliven your vacation with a course in the health
building on the white sand beach and tropical gardens of the California-Carlsbad Hotel.
You will return home rested and revived with pleasant memories of new friendships
formed in the social life of southern California's newest and most luxurious resort center"
(Carlsbad Journal, June 13, 1930).
Within two months of the hotel opening, the multi-millionaire Kodak manufacturer and
cousin of the owner, George A. Eastman, stayed at the hotel. Eastman's cousin was
returning from a big game hunting expedition in Alaska and was on his way to the
amusements of Agua Caliente when he sought rest in Carlsbad between adventures.
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In July of 1930, construction began on two shower baths and a pergola platform to serve
those guests spending time on the beach. The artistic fountain, located in the second
garden to the west of the hotel, was also completed. In addition, a path leading down the
bluff was installed with an observation desk and board stairs connecting the platform and
beach. Walkways were provided to permit guests easy access from surf to shower and
then into the hotel.
Letters from pleased guests praising the attributes of the Hotel-Spa were published in the
Carlsbad Journal on occasion. One such letter was received from George .A. Baldwin of
Hollywood who remarked that the "fame of Carlsbad is spreading rapidly" (September 2,
1930:5). . , -
In October 1930, the hotel came under new management when William J. Murphy
signed a 15-year lease on October 1. Murphy was described as "a middle aged man who
has been identified with hotels since boyhood, climbing the ladder in his profession from
bellboy, clerk, manager, to ownership. His latest venture before acquiring the
California-Carlsbad was as an owner and operator of the Hotel Santa Ana in Santa Ana.
Prior to that time he owned and operated the Park and Montgomery Hotels at San Jose,
and before that time was associated with the Manx and St. Francis in San Francisco"
(Carlsbad Journal, October 3, 1930:1)
Mr. Murphy served in the first world war in the engineering corps. He was wounded and
spent time in a French hospital. After the war he rose from the position of the California
State Commander of the Disabled American Veterans to the role of National Commander
of that group in 1929. In this capacity he lobbied for better hospitalization for war
veterans. These experiences and interests seemed to correspond with the health aspects
of the hotel.
Under Murphy's direction the services at the hotel expanded and advertising was
distributed nationally. Leases were issued for a cigar store, which also sold current
magazines and periodicals; the dining services were headed by Chef Alex Eggers,
selected as one of the top five chefs in the world by a committee of American Hotel
Association members. Mr. Eggers came to Carlsbad from the Agua Caliente Hotel in
Mexico where he served as their matre d'Hotel; prior to that he had been in Europe and
Long Beach. Mr. Murphy also contracted with nationally known companies for a barber
shop and beauty parlor. A gift shop and art gallery were added somewhat later.
Mr. Mmphy spruced up hotel details such as installing Spanish lanterns on the patio and
expanding the landscaping on the property. The hotel became a "mecca" for a great
many Army and Navy social functions for people from San Diego. "In rapid succession
Mr. Murphy entertained a state convention of the County Federation of Women's Clubs,
the state convention of the Parent-Teachers Association, the county Shrine club, V.F.W.,
American Legion and similar organizations" (Carlsbad Journal, November 7, 1930:6)
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Various articles in November of 1930 show photographs of William Murphy with such
celebrities as President Hoover and Clara Bow, extending a welcome to them to visit the
Carlsbad Hotel. There is no evidence that these individuals ever made the trip while
Murphy was operating manager. Still the Hotel was acclaimed as a "show place worth
seeing" and "a Florida with all the trimmings" (Carlsbad Journal, November 2, 1930).
Within two months -of becoming lhe manager of the hotel, William J. Murphy was
elected as president of the Carlsbad Chamber of Commerce for 1931.
Ole Hanson, founder and builder of the Spanish Village at San Clemente, spent time at
the hotel and enjoyed the mineral baths. Mrs. Mathilde Weston, a local·artist_of renown
with artwork hanging in galleries from Balboa Park to Laguna Beach, painted a picture of
the hotel patio. The Carlsbad Journal reported that "the patio lends itself beautifully to
California art. The landscaper who laid out the grounds had the great foresight to
preserve the ancient eucalyptus tree which stands almost in the center of the patio and
spreads its branches so as to temper the dazzling afternoon sunshine for the entire open
space which is lavishly and artistically planted to grass, shrubs, roses and smaller
flowers, with rambling bouganvillea and creeping mesembrayanthemum" (December 6,
1930:7).
The first Christmas in the hotel was celebrated in grand style. The evergreen trees
located on the front lawn were decorated with bright Christmas lights and the grounds
were illuminated such that many people toured past the building during the holidays.
William J. Murphy ushered in 1931 with a multitude of planned events at the hotel. The
January 2, 1931 issue of the Carlsbad Journal reported that Carlsbad was photographed
from the air that week, with "one group of pictures being taken for use in the campaign
for the state parks, and the other by the California-Carlsbad Hotel for publicity."
The Carlsbad Journal of January 9, 1931, reported that "Ralph T. O'Neill, National
Commander of the American Legion, who spent last Saturday in Carlsbad, declared this
locality as ideally suited to requirements for a Veteran's Hospital. Commander O'Neill,
who was on an official swing through the western states as Chief of the American
Legion, was accompanied by Mrs. O'Neill. Their home is in Topeka, Kansas. they
dropped into Carlsbad for luncheon and a few hours' visit at the California-Carlsbad
Hotel as an official guest of the Oceanside Post of the Legion and as a special courtesy to
William J. Murphy of the Carlsbad Hotel who is the past National Commander of the
Disabled American Veterans of the World War."
The article continued, "After posing for numerous photographs for the newspapers, the
commander was given a touch of California's mid-winter climate with a dip in the ocean
followed by a 'short course in health' at the Carlsbad mineral baths. When he emerged
from the surf and baths, Commander O'Neill said: I only wish that thousands of my
disabled comrades might enjoy what I have just gone through."
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On January 13, 1931, William J. Murphy was inaugurated as President of the Carlsbad
Chamber of Commerce at the Carlsbad-California Hotel. The Carlsbad Journal of
January 16, 1931, highlighted that this evening "rivaled in brilliancy the recent
coronation of Ras Tafari as King of the Abyssinians, when· $3,000,000 was spent in feast
and pageantry. The occasion was the annual installation dinner of the Carlsbad Chamber
of Commerce,. always distinctive, but this year outshining previous events by the
attendance · of distinguished• visitors and a prevailing spirit of optimism which
undermined the domination of old man Hard Times."
The beautiful main dining room of the hotel was crowded with a distinguished
assemblage of the commercial and civic leaders of San.Diego County, including the Hon.
Harry Clark, Mayor of the city 'Of San Pi~gq;:,_Ruf.us Choate, the San Diego Harbor
Commissioner, Frank Forward, vice-president of the Union Title Co., Sheriff Ed Cooper
and Mrs. Cooper, the presidents of all the surrounding Chambers of Commerce, all of
whom gave assurance of cooperation in the promotion of this section of California and
predicted better days ahead. "Havrah Hubbard of La Mesa, world traveler, observer, art
critic and lecturer was the principal speaker whose topic was Present Day Conditions in
Europe."
Weekly meetings of the Chamber of Commerce were held at the California-Carlsbad
Hotel. Murphy, in keeping with his promise to the Chamber of Commerce to establish a
Veterans Hospital in Carlsbad, invited many of his former Veteran associates to visit
Carlsbad during this year. The January 31, 1931, Carlsbad Journal reported that
"Herman Weimer, national commander of the Disabled American Veterans of the World
War, was a weekend guest at the California-Carlsbad Hotel, accompanied by National
Adjutant Corbly and other prominent servicemen. Commander Weimer, who is the
second National Commander to visit Carlsbad within the month, added his influence as
favoring the location in this vicinity of a Veteran's Bureau Hospital."
The same newspaper issue reported that "R. H. Sonneman was called upon last week to
translate a letter from Frau Elsa Einstein, wife of the famed scientist, which she had
written to William J. Murphy, acknowledging with gratitude an invitation to the
California-Carlsbad Hotel, and assuring Mr. Murphy that she and her famous husband
would accept it if it were possible to arrange their schedule so as to include a stay in
Carlsbad." Also, the paper stated that the Hardware Dealers of San Diego held a
convention on January 24 at the California-Carlsbad Hotel.
William J. Murphy was also named as a member of the advisory board of the Bank of
America in Oceanside. Murphy was formerly a member of the Board of the Bank of
Italy when he lived in Santa Ana, and his appointment on the Oceanside board was
intended as a transfer.
The January 31, 1931, issue of the Carlsbad Journal featured a list of banquets that have
been held almost every day at the hotel. Events not listed previously included: Standard
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Oil Company meeting and dinner for 35 people; Forty and Eight Playground Division of
the American Legion banquet; Business and Professional Women's Club Federation
meeting and dinner; Directors of Encinitas Midwinter Flower Show Banquet for the
southern California newspaper editors; Twenty-Thirty Club of Oceanside, meeting and
dinner; Beta Gamma Sigma banquet; luncheon and bridge by 1932 Club; Kiwanis Club
meeting and luncheon; Nature Club of Southern California meeting; Pi Delta Kappa
banquet; and Delta Sigma fraternity banquet.
The Carlsbad Journal of February 6, 1931, reported that Carlsbad had taken another step
as a recognized national health and recreational center when they announced that W. H.
Lane, owner of the Hollywood Baseball Club, was going to train his pitchers and catchers
in Carlsbad. Mr. Lane visited Carlsbad on the invitation of William J. Murphy and was
immediately impressed with the advantages offered in Carlsbad as a training place for his
athletes.
The article continued, "The new hotel with its luxurious accommodations, the mineral
bath department with its perfect equipment for conditioning the men, all combined to
provide every requirement demanded by the training staff, and arrangements were
quickly made to bring the battery staff of the club here for the preliminary workout, the
training period of the entire team to be completed later in San Diego." Lane expressed
that he, "Couldn't have found a better place."
The February 13, 1931, edition of the Carlsbad Journal highlighted a diner-dance for the
Rotary Anns at the California-Carlsbad Hotel. The dinner-dance was hosted by the
Oceanside Rotary Club. The entertainment featured a short address on Abe Lincoln by
Judge J. U. Hemmi and readings by Miss Helen Veblen. There was also a program of
club singing and inter-club pranks followed by a dance in the hotel lounge.
The February 20, 1931, edition of the Carlsbad Journal reported that "Miss Marie
Therese Kremer, lyric soprano, will give a benefit concert for the Parent Teacher
Association of Cardiff at the California-Carlsbad Hotel on Thursday, February 26 at
8 p.m. The admission price will be 50 cents. The receipts will be used to furnish milk
for undernourished children in the Cardiff schools."
On February 27, 1931, the Carlsbad Journal wrote that "Carlsbad sunshine and mineral
water are being soaked into the batteries of the Hollywood Baseball Club of the Pacific
Coast League this week in preparation for their final training to be started next week in
San Diego. Sixteen pitchers, catchers, trainers and managers arrived in Carlsbad Sunday
accompanied by William Lane, owner of the club, and Harry Williams, president of the
Pacific Coast League. They are living at the California-Carlsbad Hotel. The players,
returning to the hotel after practice, "were directed into the mineral bath department
where hot tubs of Carlsbad mineral water awaited their pleasure. The electric cabinets,
the cold and hot hydrotherapy showers and massage tables spread with snow white linen
were all in readiness for their majesties of the diamond. An athlete's dinner and tucked
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away early in the luxurious soft beds of the California-Carlsbad, fanned by the unpolluted
breezes of the sea, and the Hollywood batteries awoke on the following morning
ravenous and craving more worlds to conquer."
The March 6, 1931, Carlsbad Journal wrote that "Mrs. Edna Thomas of the Thomas
Beauty Studio in Los Angeles has leased a suite of rooms in the new Carlsbad Hotel
which she equipped and furnished handsomely and will open next Monday morning. Mr.
and Mrs. Thomas own a ranch near Vista and Mrs. Thomas, wanting a rest from the noise
and hurry of the big city, has decided to live on the ranch this spring and summer, driving
back and forth to Carlsbad to operate the new beauty salon. She has had a number of
years of successful experience, and she and Mr. Thomas employ seventeen operators in
the Los Angeles studio. Notwithstanding the fact that the opening date was set for next
Monday, Mrs. Thomas was besieged with prospective customers on the day of her
arrival, and accommodatingly took care of their wants, from a permanent wave, facial,
manicure and marcel down to a few shampoos and haircuts. She is an artist, and also a
lady of delightful personality."
"The end of March saw the district convention of the American Legionnaires and
Auxiliaries, held at the California-Carlsbad Hotel. The event was attended by more than
200 servicemen and their wives. The Oceanside post which included many Carlsbad men
who served in WWII was well represented" (Carlsbad Journal, March 20, 1931).
The April 10, 1931, issue of the Carlsbad Journal covered the Easter Ball saying that the
"annual Easter Ball given by the Women's Auxiliary of the American Legion post, in the
Carlsbad Hotel Friday night, was the big social event of the season. Mrs. C. D. Jack of
Carlsbad served with Oceanside committeewomen in arranging and staging the ball,
which was attended by a large crowd, the women charming in lovely new spring formal
gowns and the men softening the formality by appearing attired in business suits. an
Oceanside orchestra, Tiny's Toe Teasers, provided excellent music and the attractive
ballroom of the handsome hotel was almost too crowded at times by the big crowd in
attendance. Ex-servicemen of Carlsbad and Oceanside gave the dance their fullest
patronage."
On May 22, 1931, the Carlsbad Journal included on the front page an article which said,
"President Murphy of the Carlsbad Chamber of Commerce has set aside next Tuesday's
regular luncheon meeting of the chamber to consider and discuss the advisability of
Carlsbad and Oceanside consolidating. Speakers will be invited to discuss the proposal
from all angles."
The Carlsbad Journal of May 29, 1931, was headlined with the following: "Fur Flies
Tuesday At Murphy Consolidation Meet." Murphy's consolidation proposal was well
received by delegates from Oceanside, but Carlsbad's members were displeased. C. D.
McClellan of Carlsbad stated that "I am inclined to doubt that the people of Carlsbad or
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its Chamber of Commerce are responsible as a body for bringing up this issue at this
time."
The June 5, 1931, edition of the Carlsbad Journal highlighted that "Southern California
Legionnaires will spend the weekend in Carlsbad and Oceanside on their annual
pilgrimage with an estimated attendance of between 2,000 and 5,000 former servicemen.
In former years this annual pilgrimage has been held on Catalina Island requiring several
boats to transport the pilgrims to the shrine, but the dwindling attendance of the past two
years suggested the idea of holding the pilgrimage elsewhere, resulting in the selection of
Carlsbad and Oceanside, under the auspicious of the Joseph G. McComb post of the
American Legion in Oceanside."
The article continued, "Already more than 1,000 reservations have been made for hotel
accommodations on Saturday night which not only taxes the capacity of Carlsbad and
Oceanside hotels but calls into service the spare rooms of private homes."
"Ceremonies will open with a breakfast Saturday morning at the California-Carlsbad
Hotel, with registrations at the hotel and at the Chamber of Commerce building in
Oceanside. There will be a pilgrimage dinner at the California-Carlsbad Hotel, Saturday
evening which will be one of the outstanding social functions, to be followed by a
military ball also at the hotel."
The Carlsbad Journal of June 9, 1931, wrote that "Carlsbad has become the regular
annual meeting place of the San Diego County Development Federation, and on Tuesday
evening this week at the California-Carlsbad H~tel, the annual election of the Fedei,-ati-on • .
was held. The meeting Tuesday evenh.1g w~ fargely attended by the representative men
and women from all parts of the county. numbering almost 150 persons. An excellent
dinner was served by the hotel..''. • •. • • . •. -:-. M. •
The July 24 edition of tp~ Carlsbad: Jou,rnal hig~ghted the use of the hotel by "The Los
Angeles Independent Bar.ik~rs Association, ·under the invitation of George L. McKeehan,
president of the First ~ational Bank in Oceanside, spent the last weekend at the
California-Carlsbad Hotel, and played golf at Rancho Santa Fe. Almost 100 men and
women accepted the invitation of the Oceanside banker to hold their monthly social
meeting in this city and so well pleased were they with the accommodations for an ideal
outing, they expect to return in greater numbers when the vacation season is over. The
meeting was featured by a lack of formality, the ceremonies opening with a dinner at the
California-Carlsbad accompanied by dancing, after which they adjourned to the beautiful
hotel lounge where they engaged in cards and dancing."
Despite all of ~hese parties; conventions, and visitors, the times did not bode so well for
Murphy~by mid,to late 1931, even though he seemingly did everything he could to attract
visitors and attention to the California-Carlsbad Mineral Spring Hotel. The Great
Depression loomed in the faces of Americans and many did not have much money to
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spend. Although great banquets, dinners, and celebrations were held weekly in the hotel,
the enormous rent that this ambitious man had to pay to the Eastman Hotel operators was
more than the monies ciphered to him from charitable and civic organizations. By the
middle of 1931, he was in arrears with his payment to the owners. His lease and the
revenues collected from hotel shop owners provided the only building income and it was
not enough to stay solvent. In September, 1931, a Notice of Default of Trust Deed was
filed against Murphy by the California Securities Loan Corporation. That same month
the Eastman Hotel Company filed suit against Murphy for back lease payments.
The Carlsbad Journal of October 2, 1930 reported that "Carlsbad's beautiful new resort
and health hotel, the California-Carlsbad, is under new ownership and management this
morning, the Carlsbad Springs Corporation, Ltd. having acquired the operating lease this
week from Mr. and Mrs. William J. Murphy, who have been the operators for the past
year. The Springs Corporation already had completed negotiations for a long-term lease
on the mineral springs property together with an option for the purchase of the mineral
bath and sanitarium department, with a view eventually to consolidating the entire
institution under one management. Delay in reaching an agreement with the Murphys for
the hotel lease for a time threatened the consummation of their plans. 11
Hugh A. Beaton, Jr. from Los Angeles was identified as the head of the new enterprise.
Mr. Beato.n's plan was to arrive in Carlsbad with his operating staff prepared to assume
operation of the properties. He stated that he would proceed immediately "with a well
defined program for the promotion of the hotel, sanitarium and mineral spring as a
distinctive and high class watering place and resort center."
Along with Mr. Beaton, D. H. Naylor, Jr. secretary and treasurer of the company were to
be the resident executives in charge of management and operation. Mr. Melville L.
Loomis, a distinguished Los Angeles physician, was hired as the medical director of the
sanitarium department, supervising a staff of physicians, nurses, mineral bath attendants,
and dietitians. New key staff also included the addition of Hans Hansdorph, formerly the
head of catering at the Breakers Hotel in Long Beach. Mr. Hansdorph was considered to
be one of the noted caterers of the Pacific Coast.
The Carlsbad Springs Properties Ltd. enjoyed only a short tenure as the new owner
operators as they declared bankruptcy in May 1932. That same month the California
Securities Loan Corporation assumed ownership of the property and offered it to the
highest bidder. The County of San Diego sued the Eastman Hotel Company in July 1933
for back taxes.
By 1934, even in the throws of financial upheaval, the hotel was well known and
especially the "rare Eucalyptus tree, known locally as 'black gum"' (San Diego Union,
October 21, 1934:7). The legend of the tree continued. In 1949, "a huge limb,
comprising nearly a third of the tree, cracked off the spreading 'weeping' eucalyptus tree.
The tree, about 150 years old and believed brought here from Australia by the early
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Spaniards, has become the basis of a local legend, because unlike most stately eucalyptus
trees, it has grown in a low spreading manner, with gracefully drooping branches" (San
Diego Union, February 14, 1949:2).
In May 1939, Oliver M. Morris, a former Akron, Ohio hotel man, purchased the
California-Carlsbad Hotel from the California Securities Liquidation Corporation. He
planned extensive improvements including a new coffee shop, patio dining room and
cocktail lounge, and the construction of an electric fountain featuring the hotel's mineral
waters.
The December 31, 1944 San Diego Union reported that "Sale of the 23 [sic] year old,
three story brick Carlsbad hotel to a group of four southern investors was disclosed today
by Oliver Morris, manager and one of four owners of the structure. Sale price was
approximated $500,000. Robert S. Fram, Kansas City hotel man will manage the
enterprise for the purchasers, Spence Rees of Birmingham, Alabama; Albert Mendez and
R. B. Williams of Dallas, and Fletcher Blalock of Atlanta, Georgia. Morris said he plans
to devote his entire time to the Lazy G Ranch in Gopher Canyon near Vista, which he
plans to develop as a guest ranch."
In June 1957, Lutheran Social Services purchased this property from Albert M. Mendez.
This organization began plans to turn the facility into a retirement home. A Notice of
Completion of the site was filed with the San Diego County Recorder's office, most
likely indicating the erection of the cottages to the west of the main hotel structure.
While some progress and new construction occurred during this time, the needs of the
facility required that a more experienced team take control. In January of 1964, CLH
acquired the property and all of the assets. This group has owned, maintained, and
improved the facilities on-site since that time.
Management Considerations
The level of survey coverage which was accomplished during the current survey is felt to
be sufficient to bring the surveyed area up to the level of coverage which is the standard
for the city of Carlsbad. There were no prehistoric sites located during the current
survey. The project area does not appear to be a candidate for buried or obscured
prehistoric sites because of the geological conditions which are generally disturbed
through historic era farming followed by construction and landscaping activities.
There is a historic era structure on the property which was evaluated for significance
under the criteria of CEQA. To establish site significance several criteria can be
considered. A cultural resource site may possess scientific, Native American, or
educational importance as well as importance relating to a particular historic era or
individual. Under the provisions and guidelines of the California Environmental Quality
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Act of 1970, as amended in 1984, a project is considered to have a significant effect to
the environment if:
... a proposed project has the potential to degrade the quality of the
environment, curtail the range of the environment, or to achieve short
term, to the disadvantage of long-term, environmental goals (Section
21083(A)).
According to Appendix K, Section ill of CEQA, an important cultural resource is:
A. Associated with an event or person of:
1.
2.
Recognized significance in California or American history
or
Recognized scientific importance in prehistory.
B. Can provide information which is both of demonstrable public
interest and useful in addressing scientifically consequential and
reasonable or archaeological questions,
C. Has a special or particular quality such as oldest, best example,
largest or last surviving example of its kind,
D. Is at least 100 years old and possesses substantial stratigraphic
integrity, or.
E. Involves important research questions that historical research has
shown can be answered only with archaeological methods.
The California-Carlsbad Mineral Spring Hotel is important architecturally, historically,
horticulturally, and politically to the city of Carlsbad. Because of this combination of
associations this hotel is one of the most important structures in Carlsbad.
Architecturally, the hotel is unique not only to the city of Carlsbad and the county of San
Diego, but perhaps to southern California. Earl C. Rahn drafted the original plans for the
hotel and the final plans were completed by Roy Smith, a San Diego architect.
The front facade of the three-storied structure has a Mediterranean-style (eclectic) porte
cochere entrance with single-story circular-shaped wings or on either side which provide
a dramatic invitation to visitors and residents. What might otherwise be a massive facade
is broken up through the use of a multi-tiered approach. There are single, double, and
triple floor elevations on the front of the building. The use of various sizes and shapes
for the windows also serves to break up the facade. The decorative Spanish tiles found at
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the entrance and in the interior courtyard are original. The siting of the structure on the
west side of Carlsbad Boulevard with the courtyard facing the ocean provides soothing
breezes and a beautiful ocean view.
This resort hotel was built during the same period as the La Valencia Hotel in La Jolla
and the Agua Caliente Resort in Tijuana and attracted many Hollywood personalities.
Local contractors who assisted in the construction of the edifice include R. W. Baird,
rock and brick contractor, and R. G. Chase, concrete contractor. Many other Carlsbad
citizens also contributed their skills and energy to the construction of this building.
Historically, the building is unique to Carlsbad and San Diego County, for it was utilized
(and advertised nationally) not only as a resort hotel, but as a complete health/sanitarium
complex. Many notable individuals and groups experienced the luxury of this spot in its
early years including Hollywood movie stars, the Hollywood Baseball team, military
groups such as the Disabled American Veterans, and numerous civic and social
organizations. Military attendance at hotel functions in the 1940s provided a connection
with World War II.
The Stanfords, hotel builders who established hotels and resorts in Glendale and Indio,
promoted the mineral spring and health features of Carlsbad. Their efforts during the
final years of the 1920s, put the community of Carlsbad on the map.
Fred W. Mitchell, the Director of the resort after its opening in June 1930, was also the
publisher of the Carlsbad Journal, which continuously promoted the hotel. Additionally,
William Murphy, the dynamic manager of the property during 1930 and 1931, was the
president of the Carlsbad Chamber of Commerce and a director of the Bank of America
in Oceanside. He was the national president of the Disabled American Vets and had
personal and professional contacts all over the world. Through his letter writing and
promotions, he attracted many individuals to the California-Carlsbad Hotel. As
mentioned above a number of other doctors, cooks, and hotel managers contributed to the
historic importance of this facility.
The location of the structure and facilities on the main highway between San Diego and
Los Angeles encouraged patronage. In addition, the location of the railroad, a block
away from the hotel, also brought visitors.
The eucalyptus tree that is frequently mentioned in association with this property was on
the site prior to 1930, and the Stanfords planned their building around it. The palms were
planted in 1930 at the time of construction and are, therefore, important to the site.
Politically, the California-Carlsbad Mineral Spring Hotel brought this community to
national attention. Through the efforts of dynamic men like the Stanf ords, local citizens
received encouragement to upgrade their beautiful community. Because of the plans for
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this hotel/resort/sanitarium street illumination was laid out in the late 1920s and early
1930s, and a sewage disposal system was installed in the early 1930s.
The horticultural layout and design of Carlsbad was also identified as an area of concern
during this period. The Stanfords, along with Fred Mitchell and William Murphy,
worked closely with local merchants and the Chamber of Commerce to promote the
political, health, and agricultural benefits of this area.
The erection of this edifice in the "Palisades" encouraged subsequent building in this part
of Carlsbad, as promoted by the South Coast Land Company. In essence, Carlsbad, with
the Stanford connection, rose from a sleepy little beach town in southern California to a
community of regional importance.
The California-Carlsbad Mineral Spring Hotel is an important resource area per criteria A
and C of CEQA. This enterprise is directly linked to the growth and development of the
city of Carlsbad and to the recognition of this obscure stop on the southern California
coast as a destination. This resort attracted people from nationwide and also served as a
local hub of social events and community activities during these early years of growth
and development. In addition, this property serves as an important link with one of the
most difficult economic episodes in the history of the United States. To a great extent
what happened to this hotel serves as an example of what occurred nationally.
Mitigation Recommendations
The project as currently proposed will result in the destruction of what was formerly the
California-Carlsbad Mineral Spring Hotel. As presented in this document, this historic
era hotel is considered significant under evaluation criteria of CEQA and is considered an
important building to the City of Carlsbad. Pursuant to CEQA, the following mitigation
measures are proposed to mitigate the impacts inherent in the destruction of this facility.
One possible mitigation effort would be to preserve the facade of the existing historic
stn,lcture and to build the new facility behind it This is not considered to be a feasible
alternative for the following reasons:
1.
2.
There is no way to rectify the existing floor alignments with the requirements for
a modern building. The floor depth in the historic building is approximately
twelve inches. The required floor depth for modern health care facilities is more
than three feet. It would not be possible to align the historic building floor with
the modem structure and have adequate ceiling height.
The current utilization of the lot has the historic structure set well back from
Carlsbad Boulevard. This dictates a substantial loss of flexibility in the design of
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·the building area at grade and for the upper floors. The facility also has a number
of back-of-the-house support services which are best handled below grade;
without the complete destruction of the historic building, these services would
have to be constructed at grade and would use valuable space.
3. As it currently exists the structure that was the Mineral Spring Hotel has been
altered numerous times since the original construction. Window and door
alterations have been made to the northern wing and facade and interior elements
have been modified to accommodate current uses.
For these reasons the demolition of the historic building is the recommended alternative.
The following measures must be completed prior to the issuance of a building permit.
The applicant will file a performance bond with the City to ensure that the mitigation
measures and design product are consistent with the materials on file with the most
recent application.
The design of the new facility will be consistent with the existing historic structure,
inasmuch as the facade which is currently present will be faithfully replicated in the new
design. The size and scale of the new facility should be consistent with what is currently·
present. The architectural style of the new facility will be faithful to the existing
structure. The construction materials will be consistent with the current structure; for
example, plaster walls; tile roof; window size, style, and placement; and maintenance of
a design which includes a porte cochere and one-story, octagonal rooms at the two
forward corners.
The history of the former hotel and property will be documented by a qualified historian
and appropriate information concerning the acquisition, construction, uses, and activities
that took place there will be compiled. This archival research shall include photographs
and other memorabilia which relate to the hotel over time. The goal of the presentation
will be to place the structure into the context of the period and demonstrate how it
changed over time. Attention will also be paid to the connection of this business with the
development of Carlsbad.
A photographic documentation of the existing historic building will be completed by a
qualified photographer. Color photographs should be made of the facade and each of the
remaining elevations. Interior as well as exterior shots should be made with special
attention to the portions of the structure that are more reminiscent of the early years of
use and operation. Photographs of architectural details should also be made.
The photographic documentation should also include the production of an informational
video. As with the still photographs, attention should be paid to recording as much as
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3.
the building area at grade and for the upper floors. Maintaining the historic
building as is would preclude the ability to provide underground parking and
would be a loss of approximately 30 parking stalls. The facility also has a
number of back-of-the-house support services which are best handled below
grade; without the complete destruction of the historic building, these services
would have to be constructed at grade and would use valuable space.
As it currently exists the structure that was the Mineral Spring Hotel has been
altered numerous times since the original construction. Window and door
alterations have been made to the northern wing and facade and interior elements
have been modified to accommodate current uses.
For these reasons the demolition of the historic building is the recommended alternative.
The following measures must be completed prior to the issuance of a building permit.
The applicant will file a performance bond with the City to ensure that the mitigation
measures and design product are consistent with the materials on file with the most recent
application.
The design of the new facility will be consistent with the existing historic structure,
inasmuch as the facade which is currently present will be faithfully replicated in the new
design. The size and scale of the new facility should be consistent with what is currently
present. The architectural style of the new facility will be faithful to the existing
structure. The construction materials will be consistent with the current structure; for
example, plaster walls; tile roof; window size, style, and placement; and maintenance of a
design which includes a porte cochere and one-story, octagonal rooms at the two forward
corners.
The history of the former hotel and property will be documented by a qualified historian
and appropriate information concerning the acquisition, construction, uses, and activities
that took place there will be compiled. This archival research shall include photographs
and other memorabilia which relate to the hotel over time. The goal of the presentation
will be to place the structure into the context of the period and demonstrate how it
changed over time. Attention will also be paid to the connection of this business with the
development of Carlsbad.
A photographic documentation of the existing historic building will be completed by a
qualified photographer. Color photographs should be made of the facade and each of the
remaining elevations. Interior as well as exterior shots should be made with special
attention to the portions of the structure that are more reminiscent of the early years of
use and operation. Photographs of architectural details should also be made.
The photographic documentation should also include the production of an informational
video. As with the still photographs, attention should be paid to recording as much as
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possible of the look and feel of the building and the grounds. This video should also
include interviews with individuals who may want to reminisce about the structure or
provide some useful information. This should be a professionally produced product and
will be kept on file in the library of the new facility with a copy on file at the City of
Carlsbad library.
To augment the still photographs and the video, drawings of certain portions of the
existing structure should be made. These will allow for the presentation of more detail
and dimension.
An inventory of materials, fixtures, or built-ins should be made to identify those items
which can be salvaged for adaptive reuse or can be used for display in the new facility.
A rendering of the new facility will be posted in front of the existing historic building one
month prior to any demolition to provide the citizens of Carlsbad an opportunity to see
the new facility. The rendering will be provided at sufficient size and detail to accurately
represent the planned structure. This will include some details of the landscaping design.
These exhibits will be available to staff for review at the time of the submittal.
A qualified archaeological monitor will be present during grading to identify and assess
any buried cultural resource deposits. In the event that important cultural resource
materials are uncovered, a recovery and analysis program will be implemented.
Certification and Project Staff
This report was prepared in compliance with the CEQA (Section 21083.2 of the Statutes
and Appendix K of the Guidelines) and with policies and procedures of the City of
Carlsbad. To the best of our knowledge, the statem nts and information contained in this
report are accurate.
-u,cfl __ _
The following individuals participated in the field tasks or preparation of this report.
Dayle M. Cheever
Susan H. Carrico
Sylvia Kathleen Flanigan
Harry Price
Stacey Higgins
Senior Archaeologist
Recuerdos, Historical Consultant
Recuerdos, Historical Consultant
Senior Technical illustrator
Production Specialist
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References Cited
Avitt,P. M.
1960 Carlsbad Flower Power by the Sea. Union Title Trust Topics, No. 14,
March/ Apri.
Gallegos, Dennis, and Richard Carrico
1984 Windsong Shores Data Recovery Program for Site W-131, Carlsbad,
California. Manuscript on file with the City of Carlsbad.
Kaldenberg, Russell
1982 Rancho Park North: A San Dieguito-La. Jolla Shellfi,sh Processing Site on
Coastal Southern California. Occasional Paper No. 6. Imperial College
Museum Society, El Centro, California.
Moriarty, James
1967 Transitional Pre-Desert Phase in San Diego County.
(3762):553-555.
Rogers, Malcolm J.
Science 155
1929 The Stone Art of the San Dieguito Plateau. American Anthropologist
31:454-467.
Rush, Philip S.
1964 Some old Ranchos and Adobes. Neyenesch Printers. San Diego.
U.S. Department of Agriculture
1973 Soil Survey, San Diego Area, California. Soil Conservation Service and Forest
Service. Roy H. Bowman, ed. San Diego. December.
Wallace, William
1978 Post-Pleistocene Archaeology, 9000 to 2000 B.C. In California, edited by
Robert Heizer, pp. 25-36. Handbook of North American Indians, vol. 8,
William G. Sturtevant, general editor. Smithsonian Institution, Washington,
D.C.
WESTEC Services, Inc.
1980 Regional Historic Preservation Study for the City of Carlsbad. Manuscript on
file at RECON.
34
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Newspapers
Carlsbad Journal
1928 New 100 Room Hotel. February 10, page 1.
Sanitarium Project Is Up. March 16, page 1.
Newberry-Oliver Will Build Hotel. April 6, page 1.
Oliver Returns In Few Weeks Beautification C of C Theme. April 13, page 1.
Health Hotel Under Planning Process Sanitarium Gets Wide Publicity.
April 27, page 1.
New Mineral Springs Hotel Welcome to Stanfords. August 10, pages 1 and 2.
New Hotel Plan Ready Soon What A Health Hotel Means. August 17, pages 1
and 2.
Hotel Men Want Action. August 24, page 1.
Hotel Awaits Sewage Plans. August 31, page 1.
Order Fixtures for New Hotel. September 7, page 1.
Hotel Men Plan Expansion Statement From Hotel Co. September 28, page 1.
Oliver Coming on Hotel Plans. October 5, page 1.
Hotel Men to Confer Today. October 12, page 1.
Bond Assures Building of Hotel Oliver Announces Expansion. October 26,
page 1.
LA Engineer Makes Report. November 16, page 1.
Hotel Co. Posts $10,000. November 23, page 1.
Stanford-Glendale Hotel. December 14, page 1.
1929 Engage Sanitary Engineer Stanfords Plan Further Bldg. January 11, page 1.
Hotel Group Eager to Act the Sewer. January 25, page 1.
Sewer Petition Filed Clearing Site for New Hotel. February 15, page 1.
Hotel to Wait for Sewer. February 22, page 1.
When Will Hotel Start? Candidates for Sanitary District. March 22, page 1.
Carlsbad "Yes" for San. Dist. Hotel Company Asks Parley San. Dist. Way for
Progress. April 19, pages 1 and 2.
Sanitary Bond Election Called Hotel Company Into Action. May 3, page 1.
Oliver Announces Plans Sewer Bond Election June 10. May 10, page 1.
Rushing Plans for New Hotel Carlsbad Votes $60,000 Sewer Bonds. June 21,
page 1.
Plans Move to Start Hotel. June 28, page 1.
Hotel Builder Moving Here. July 5, page 1.
Eastman Here Tuesday Pie of New Hotel. July 12, page 1.
Hotel Works Starts Today. September 13, page 1.
Hotel to Cost Half-Million. September 20, page 1.
Bricklayers at Work on Hotel. October 4, page 1.
Working Force to be Increased. October 11, page 1.
Construction Work on New Hotel. October 25, page 1
illumination Plans Approved. November 1, page 1.
Construction Progress. November 8, page 1.
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To Celebrate Hotel Day. November 22, page 1.
Celebrate Construction on Hotel. November 29, page 1.
Carlsbad Celebrates Hotel. December 6, page 1.
More Bldg. in Carlsbad. December 13, page 1.
Plastering at New Hotel. December 27, page 1.
1930 • Advertisement. February 14.
Carlsbad Praised as Health Resort. March 7, page 8.
Tropic Gardens for New Hotel. April 4, page 1.
Hotel Opening Date Set. May 2, page 1.
Sanitation In; Hotel to Open. May 23, page 1.
Hotel Opening Set for June 7. May 30, page 1.
Dedication of California-Carlsbad Hotel. June 30, page 1.
George Eastman of Kodak Visits. July 11, page 1.
Comforts Added to Hotel for Guests. July 25, page 1.
Hotel Visitors Pleased. September 12, page 5.
W. J. Murphy (2 articles). October 3, page 1.
New Hotel Expanding. October 17, page 1.
Hotel:Fashionable Rendezvous. November 7, page 6.
Photograph: Murphy and President Hoover. November 14, page 1.
Advertisement for El Pueblo Shop at Hotel. November 14, page 8.
Hotel in Pacific Coast Weekly. November 21, page 6:
Photograph of Murphy and Clara Bow. November 28, page 1.
Murphy Elected President of C of C. December 5, page 1.
Ole Hanson in Carlsbad. December 5, 1930, page 3.
Carlsbad Artist Paints Hotel Patio. December 6, page 7.
Los Angeles Night, at Hotel. December 12, page 1.
Amer Legion Nat'l Leader Visits. December 26, page 1.
Living Christmas Trees at Hotel. December 26, page 1.
1931 Air Pies Taken of Carlsbad Annual Banquet January 13, Commander Here
Saturday. January 2, page 1.
Advertisement. January 2, page 3.
Annual Installation Dinner at Hotel; Carlsbad Favored for Hospitals.
January 9, page 1.
Murphy Inaugural, Clara Bow Coming to Carlsbad. January 16, page 1.
Murphy Wields C of C Gavel; Veteran Chief Here Saturday. January 23,
page 1.
Carlsbad Wins Another Cmdr.; Frau Einstein Writes Hotel; Hardware
Convention at Hotel; Murphy on Board of B of A. January 31, page 1.
Banquets Everyday at Hotel. January 31, page 2.
Hollywood Baseball Club at Hotel. February 6, page 1.
Advertisement. February 6, page 5.
Rotarians Entertain in Carlsbad. February 13, page 5.
Advertisement. February 13, page 4.
PTA Benefit. February 20, page 3.
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Hollywood Baseball Club Here. February 27, page 1.
Picture of Murphy and O'Neill. February 27, page 3.
Thomas Opens Beauty Salon in Hotel. March 6, page 1.
Ad for Thomas Beauty Studio. March 6, page 8.
Ad for Thomas Beauty Studio; Legion Hosts to Carlsbad; Carlsbad Host to
-Legionnaires. March 13, page 1. •
War Veterans to Convene Here. March 20, page· 1.
Easter Ball at Carlsbad. March 27~ page 1.
D.A.V. to Meet in Carlsbad. March 27, page 8. •
Oliver Coming to Carlsbad; Legion Dance at Carlsbad Hotel. ·.April 3, page 1.
Oliver Arrives From Colorado; Auxiliary Dance Delightful Affair. ·April 10,
page 1. •
Murphy Lease Blocks Deal. April 17, page 1.
Scott Takes Over News Stand at Hotel. May 1, page 4.
Advertisement. May 8, page 2.
Pres. Murphy-Consolidation Mtg. May 22, page 1.
Fur Files at Consolidation Meet; Thomas Beauty Studio Ad. May 29, page 1.
CA Legionnaires in Carlsbad; SD Co. Development-Federation Here. June 5,
page 1.
Welcome Legionnaires Ad. June 5, page 8.
SD Co. Development Fed. Here. June 9, page 1.
New York Guest at Hotel. June 26, page 1.
Murphy Check for Convention to SD. July 10, page 6.
City Bankers Visit Carlsbad. July 24, page 1.
Advertisement. July 24, page 2.
Group Offers to Buy Hotel. August 21, page 1.
Hotel Acquired by New Operators. August 28, page 1.
Hotel Deal Still in Mill; Carlsbad Ideal Health Resort. September 4, page 1.
Lawsuits Loom in Hotel Deal; Aimee Semple McPherson. September 18,
page 1.
New Springs Corp for Hotel. September 25, page 1.
Mineral Springs Corp. Gets Hotel. October 2, page 1.
Carlsbad Welcomes New Owners. October 9, page 1.
San Diego Union
1929 Photograph and description of the new Carlsbad-California Hotel. June 6,
page 1.
1930 Advertisement, drawing of Carlsbad Hotel. May 18, page 10.
Carlsbad Hotel Health Resort to Open June 7. May 25, page 5.
Full page advertisement for formal opening on June 7. June 1, page 6.
1934 Eucalyptus tree. October 21, page 7.
1939 Carlsbad Hotel Sold to Ohian. May 15, page 1.
1944 Carlsbad Hotel Sold to Southerners. December 31, page 7.
1946 Carlsbad Community Easterners Dream About. July 21, pages 1 and 14.
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1949
1955
Eucalyptus Tree, Looses Limb; Osuna Legend Told. February 14, page 2.
Carlsbad Hotel Sold to Hem Corp. June 28, page 8.
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ATTACHMENT 1
Resumes of Key Personnel
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DAYLE M. CHEEVER
Senior Archaeologist
Ms. Cheever has 16 years of -experience in cultural resource management. She has
participated in and directed all aspects of cultural resource identification and assessment
programs including, conducting surveys to locate cultural resources; assessing
project-related impacts to cultural resources; designing, -directing, conducting; and
documenting mitigation monitoring; and working with clients and agencies to prepare
and carry· out additional mitigation recommendations. Ms: Cheever was the project
manager'of and principal author for cultural resource management guidelines developed
for and adopted by the City of Carlsbad, and the project archaeologist for testing and data
recovery programs on the Hillman A viara dev.elopment, on the north shore of Batiquitos
Lagoon, Carlsbad, California. She has completed mitigation monitoring projects for
three pipeline replacement projects within the city of San Diego and worked on
mitigation monitoring jobs for Chevron in Santa Barbara. Ms. Cheever was the project
archaeologist for the Bureau of Land Management (BLM) archaeological mitigation at
Dry Lake, Imperial County, California; for significance testing for the Lomas del Lago
property, Escondido, California; and for the Railroad Canyon Road prehistoric site
assessment program, Lake Elsinore, California.
EDUCATION/CERTIFICATION
Master of Arts, Anthropology, San Diego State University, 1983.
Bachelor of Arts, Anthropology, San Diego State University, 1979.
Certified by Society of Professional Archeologists:
1. Field Research
2. Teaching
Credential for life from the California Community Colleges as an Instructor of
Anthropology
Certified by the County of San Diego in Archaeology
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Cheever, 2
EXPERIENCE
1988-present Senior Archaeologist, RECON
Senior archaeologist responsible for all phases of the cultural resource
management process for prehistoric and historic resources. Principal
responsibilities include implementing field and laboratory tasks acting as
the principal analyst and .report author, and supervising the activities of
project personnel. These tasks are directed towards fulfilling standards set
in California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) and National
. Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) and numerous municipal policies for
the evaluation of cultural resources through documentation and analysis.
Ms. Cheever is also responsible for the development of research designs,
protection/preservation plans, and data recovery programs. She recently
completed the direction of the field and laboratory analysis of an
archaeological mitigation of three prehistoric sites around the Dry Lake in
Imperial County for the Bureau of Land Management. She was the
project archaeologist and report author for the data recovery program
undertaken nine prehistoric sites on the Aviara property and was the
project manager and principal author of the cultural resource management
guidelines for the City of Carlsbad.
Mana~ement Plan for Burial Features from SDi-691, Aviara
Development. Carlsbad. CA. The discovery of fifteen prehistoric burial
features during mitigation monitoring required the development of a
management plan for the treatment of three features from the recovery
process through reburial. This was accomplished through cooperative
efforts of the lead agency, developer, Native American representatives,
and the Museum of Man.
Results of the Pre2rade Mechanical Excavation and Miti~ation Monitorin2
at SDi-691. Aviara Development, Carlsbad. CA, This document presents
the findings of the mechanical excavation of site strata from SDi-691,
including descriptions of field methods and of the fifteen burial features
that were identified.
Data Recovezy Project for Nine Cultural Resource Sites: A viara
Development, Carlsbad, California. This project involved conducting
mitigation level analysis at nine prehistoric sites and one historic site on
the north shore of Batiquitos Lagoon in the city of Carlsbad. The project
was designed in compliance with City policy and CEQA.
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RECWN Cheever, 3
Cultural Resource Si&nificance Testin& of Four Prehistoric Sites within
the Lomas Del La.&o Development Area, City of Escondido, California,,
This project involved the test level, CEQA criteria significance evaluation
of four Late period prehistoric sites. Testing included the documentation
of features and the excavation of units at each of the four sites.
Cultural Resource Mana&ement Guidelines for the City of Carlsbad,
California,, This project involved developing comprehensive cultural
resource management guidelines for the City of Carlsbad. The guidelines
conform to the standards of the State Office of Historic Preservation as
well as federal legislation. Adopted in 1991.
1985-1988 Project Archaeologist, WESTEC Services, Inc.
Project archaeologist for urban projects within San Diego County.
Responsibilities included organization and direction of field and
laboratory personnel, field survey, testing, and mapping. Post-fieldwork
responsibilities included the analysis of recovered materials, contact with
contracting agencies or individuals, and preparation of final reports.
Clients included private developers, City and County planning agencies,
• the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, and the U.S. Navy.
Cultural Resource Investigations, Defense Environmental Restoration
Program, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. This project involved extensive
archival research and the development of sensitivity rankings and site type
assessments for a 900-acre portion of a former army base.
Carmel Mountain Ranch Data Recovery Program for Early Period
Archaeological Site SDi-6087, San Diego, California. Data recovery
mitigation program at an open air, seasonal base camp in northeastern San
Diego County.
Archaeological associate for projects in Yuma, Arizona (U.S. Army Corps
of Engineers, Los Angeles District); Santa Barbara County, California
(Chevron Oil Company); and Orange County, California (Fluor
Corporation).
1979-1985 Consulting Archaeologist
Archaeological associate for a number of private environmental finns
based in San Diego County. Projects included testing at the
Johnson-Taylor Adobe, a historic rancho (RECON), data recovery of a
portion of the ethnographically recorded village of Y stagua (RECON),
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RECmN
1984-1985
Cheever,4
survey and archaeological test of the Rancho Cielo property
(Mooney-Lettieri), testing and surface mapping of a number of
archaeological sites within the La Costa development area (RECON),
intensive mapping of archaeological resource areas within the Warner Hot
Spriµgs property (Mooney-Lettieri), testing and data recovery for a
number of sites within the community plan for Los Penasquitos (RECON),
survey of 9,000 acres in the Laguna Mountain Recreation Area (U.S.
Forest Service) for the location and documentation of archaeological
resources (Mooney-Lettieri), survey and initial recording of cultural
resource areas within the Pamo Dam project area (Mooney-Lettieri), data
recovery at prehistoric sites in the cities of Carlsbad and Encinitas,
California (WESTEC), and survey of portions of the Yuma Proving
Grounds, Arizona (WESTEC).
Consulting Faunal Analyst
Faunal analyst for a number of projects in San Diego, Orange, and Mono
counties. Generally responsible for providing information on the
identification of faunal specimens; treatment of the faunal material by
general characteristics, such as butchering and cooking; reconstruction of
paleoenvironment based on faunal specimens; and calculations of
minimum number of individuals and other applicable statistical
information.
Projects included the analysis of a historic faunal assemblage from the
Johnson-Taylor Adobe (RECON), analysis of faunal remains from several
sites tested during the Tuolomne survey and test excavation (Dames &
Moore), and analysis of faunal material from the Rancho Jamul
mitigation, Carmel Mountain Ranch mitigation, Windsong mitigation,
Marlado Adobe excavation, and the Fluor project (WESTEC).
CONTINUING EDUCATION
February, 1992
January, 1993
Martin-Simonds Management Training Institute; Strategy and
Preparation: Designing Winning Presentations
Fred Pryor Seminars: Projects Management
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Cheever, 5
SELECTED REPORTS
1993 Cultural Resource Survey for the Torrey View-Allred/Sorrento Hills Project in
the City of San Diego, CA. RECON.
1993 Cultural Resource Survey for the Torrey Reserve Terrace Project in the City of
San Diego, CA. RECON.
1993 Cultural Resource Survey of 110 Acres within the Carmel Highlands Precise Plan
Neighborhood 8A and Significance Testing of SDi-10,218; Locus A; SDi-10,219;
and SDi-4905. RECON.
1992 A Proposed Research Design for the Completion of the Mitigation of Impacts to
SDi-6941; Locus D; SDi-7604; Locus E; and SDi-10,200, California Terraces
Project, Otay Mesa, CA. RECON.
1992 Cultural Resource Survey of the Beazer Property (NAS Miramar, Parcel "C").
RECON.
1992 Cultural Resource Survey of the SDG&E Pipeline Alignment near the Junction of
Interstate 805 and Interstate 8 in the City of San Diego, CA. RECON.
1992 Archaeological Test Excavations on Carmel Mountain Site SDi-4907, Loci A, B,
and C. RECON.
1992 Final Report: Results of the Pregrade Mechanical Excavation and Mitigation
Monitoring at SDi-691, Aviara Development, Carlsbad, CA. RECON.
1991 Data Recovery Project for Nine Cultural Resource Sites: Aviara Development,
Carlsbad, CA. RECON.
1991 Cultural Resource Survey of the Forty-fourth Street Condominiums Project, City
of San Diego, CA. RECON.
1991 Management Plan for Burial Features from SDi-691, Aviara Development,·
Carlsbad, CA. RECON.
1991 The Stallions Crossing Project: Cultural Resource Testing at SDi-7290,
SDi-7291, SDi-7293, SDi-7298, SDi-7300, SDi-10,118, City of San Diego, CA.
With James Eighmey. RECON
1991 Archaic Occupations within the San Dieguito River Valley: Archaeological
Testing of SDi:.687, San Diego, CA. With James Eighmey. RECON.
1991 Significance Testing on a Portion of SDM-W-6: A Coastal Archaic Site in San
Diego County. With James Eighmey. RECON.
1991 Data Recovery at SDi-6753 and SDi-6819: Aviara Development Project,
Carlsbad, CA. With James Eighmey. RECON.
1990 Cultural Resource Survey of the Eagle Mountain Min~ and the Kaiser Industrial
Railroad. With McMillan Davis. RECON.
1990 Cultural Resource Significance Testing of SDi-11,297, A Prehistoric Site in
Dulzura. RECON.
1989 Cultural Resource Guidelines for the City of Carlsbad. RECON.
1989 Cultural Resource Investigation at the Mataguay Scout Reservation near Warner
Springs, California. RECON.
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REC(JJN Cheever, 6
1989 Draft Cultural Resources Monitoring Program for the Mataguay Scout
Reservation. RECON.
1989 An Archaeological Significance Testing of Four Prehistoric Sites within the
Railroad Canyon Road Project Area. City of Lake Elsinore, Riverside County,
California. RECON.
1989 Cultural Resource Significance Testing at SDi-6753, SDi-6754, SDi-6819, and
SDi-2046: Four Prehistoric Sites within the Aviara Development. City of
Carlsbad. RECON.
1989 Cultural Resource Significance Testing at SDi-8813. The Palomar Heights
Project. City of San Marcos, California. RECON.
1989 Significance Testing of a Portion of SDi-197; Torrey Enterprises-Sorrento Valley
Property. RECON.
1989 An Archaeological Update and Site Testing Program for the San Dieguito Valley
Project Area. San Diego, California. RECON.
1989 Cultural Resource Significance Testing at SDM-W-2135: A Prehistoric Site
within the Southridge Trails Project Area C. Oceanside, California. RECON.
1989 Cultural Resource Significance Testing of Savage-1. RECON.
1988 Cultural Resources Survey and Test Excavations at the Pacific Business Park.
Otay Mesa, California. RECON.
1988 Cultural Resource Survey of the Golden Triangle Research Center. San Diego,
California. RECON.
1988 Archaeological Survey of Portions of the Shaw Valley Ownership Property.
RECON.
1988 Cultural Resources Survey of a Proposed Alignment at Sweetwater Reservoir.
RECON.
1988 Cultural Resources Survey ·and Test Excavations at the Pacific Business Park.
Otay Mesa, California. RECON.
1988 Cultural Resource SurveY of _the Carrillo Ranch Road Realignment Study Area.
Carlsbad, California: -RECO:N.
1988 Sig~ific_anc_e Testi,ng for' Cultural Resource Site SDi-11,019, University of
California: San Piego Scripps Institution of Oceanography Master Plan. San
_ Diego, California. RECON. •
1988 Archaeological Test and Assessment for SDi-591 and WESTEC-1. City of San
Diego, California. WESTEC Services, Inc.
1988 Archaeological Survey of the North Mission Valley Interceptor Sewer, Stadium
Way to Fairmont Avenue. WESTEC Services, Inc. _
1988 Archaeological Survey of the Bennett Property. City of Oceanside, California.
WESTEC Services, Inc.
1988 Cultural Resource Survey of the Collins/Allred Industrial Park, Parcels A and B.
San Diego, California. WESTEC Services, Inc.
1987 Test and Evaluation for Eleven Archaeological Sites Within the Proposed Spring
Canyon Development, Otay Mesa Region, San Diego, California. WESTEC
Services, Inc.
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REC(lJN Cheever, 7
1987 Cultural Resource Investigations, Defense Environmental Restoration Program,
Tierrasanta, San Diego, California (with Stephen Van Wormer). Department of
the Army, Corps of Engineers, Los Angeles. WESTEC Services, Inc.
1987 Archaeological Testing Program for SDi-48 (W-164), Ballast Point Prehistoric
Site (with Dennis Gallegos). Department of the Navy, Western Division Naval
Facilities Engineering Command, San Bruno, California. WESTEC Services, Inc.
1987 Cu1fural Resource Survey for GPA 87-01, Sub-Item 1; Escondido, California.
City of Escondido, California. WESTEC Services, Inc.
1986 Archaeological Test and Historical Review of Four Sites on the Bernardo Lakes
Property: SDi-5616, SDi-5617, SDi-5618, SDi-10493 (with Roxana Phillips).
Phase I Development. WESTEC Services, Inc.
1986 Cultural and Paleontological Survey and Testing for Pacific Rim, Carlsbad,
California (contributions by Stephen Van Wormer, Thomas Demere, and_. M3!k
Roeder). City of Carlsbad, California. WESTEC Services, Inc.
1986 Carmel Mountain Ranch Data Recovery Program for Early Period Archaeological
Site SDi-6087, San Diego, California (with Dennis Gallegos). Carmel Mountain
Ranch. WESTEC Services, Inc.
1986 Archaeological Testing and Site Significance Assessment at SDi-5508, W1308,
W-1778, and W-2248. Rancho Del Oro Development, Oceanside, California.
WESTEC Services, Inc.
1986 Cultural Resource Survey of the Barsby Trunk Line and Melrose Way Sewer,
City of Vista, California. WESTEC Services, Inc.
1986 Site Significance Testing for SDi-5773 (W-1678b), Alpine, California. Western
Realty. WESTEC Services, Inc.
1986 Archaeological Testing at SDi-8327 Gopher Canyon Reservoir Project, City of
Oceanside, California. WESTEC Services, Inc.
1986 Determination of Archaeological Site SDi-6082 Boundary. Carmel Mountain
Ranch. WESTEC Services, Inc.
1986 Resource Survey, La Costa Avenue, City of Carlsbad, California. WESTEC
Services, Inc.
1986 Cultural Resource Survey for Jail Facilities at Clairemont Mesa, Downtown San
Diego, and Otay. Mesa. County of San Diego, Department of Public Works.
WESTEC Services, Inc.
1986 Cultural Resource Survey and Test of SDi-5218, La Jolla, California. The
Sheraton Corporation. WESTEC Services, Inc.
TEACHING EXPERIENCE
Credential for life as an Instructor of Anthropology for the California Community
Colleges.
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RECaJN
San Pie&o State University
Human Bio-Cultural Origins:
1988 Spring (1 section).
1987 Spring (2 sections).
1986 Fall (2 sections).
1985 Spring (2 sections).
1984 Spring (3 sections).
1983 Fall (1 section).
San Pie&o Mesa Colle&e
Introduction to Physical Anthropology:
1993 Spring (2 sections), Fall (2 sections).
1992 Fall (3 sections), Summer (1 section), and Spring (3 sections).
1991 Fall (3 sections), Summer (1 section), and Spring (3 sections).
1990 Fall (3 sections) and Spring (2 sections).
1989 Fall (2 sections) and Spring (2 sections).
1988 Fall (2 sections) and Spring (2 sections).
1987 Fall (2 sections).
1986 Fall (2 section) and Summer (1 section).
1985 Spring (1 section).
1984 Fall (1 section).
1982 Fall (2 sections) and Summer (1 section).
Introduction to Cultural Anthropology:
1993 Spring (1 section), Fall (1 section).
Introduction to Archaeology:
1982 Fall (1 section).
1981 Fall (1 section).
Miramar Junior Colle&e
Introduction to Physical Anthropology:
1982 Fall (1 section).
Cheever, 8
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ATTACHMENT 2
California-Carlsbad Mineral Springs Hotel
Advertisements
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CARLSBAD~S
NEW HOTEL
The builders of
C a r l s b a cl 's new
Sanitarium -Hotel
were justly praised
to an enthusiastic
throng last Satur
_ day when they vis-
ited the nev,· struc
ture which it is ex
pected will be com
pleted by April 1st,
1930.
and Carlsbad will
soon have a com
pleted· institution
of which it should
be proi:i"ct
'F u"r th e·t" more,
such an improve
m e n t should en
coura~e confidence
i n Carlsbad's fu
ture if doubt has
e x is t e d in the
An i n s p e ction minds of anyone
triP. . thr?ugh the local or outside and
bmldmg impressed • mav be the fore
all of the sincerity runner of other im
of the gentlemen provements and an
behind the project. other f o r w a rd
The m ate r i a 1 s , movement in . our
workmanship and\ march toward the
methods of con -. development of a
struction used· are substantial, select-'
of the highest t!pe ive commonity.
Home·
Owned
IR-ST
IC>N
CARLSBAD
De,·ottd to the Progres.~ of
NORTHERN SAN DIEGO COUNTY
Home
Managed
L. C .. ,\;LLES, Chairman Board ~-STEPHESSES, CashiN"
Carlsbad Journal. Dec. 6, 1929, p.4
RECCDN
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Keep Cool on the Beach
AT
Carlsbad? by? the Sea
SOUTHEHN CALIFORNIA'S NEWEST BEACH
------------
THE CALIFORNIA CARLSBAD MINERAL SPRINGS HOTEL
Southern Cnlifornia'i-; tH'\\'l'St hPad1 :ind
ht>nlth rl'~ort, at Carbhad-hy-th1·-~ra, ii;
IHi\\' rl':11ly for llw r1•c·t'pl io11 of J.!11f':--!s.
( 'arJi.;had. whidi h:1:d:ifeti k11mrn for mam·
y,,;1r::; as thr homf' of thP Arn,·:11111 :inri dis
ting-uiidH'd for its hulh and flowl'r )!arcll•ns,
now t:ik<'s it::; pla1·1• as a lwalth :111d pleas-
111·1• l'('!,()l"l.
With thP OJIPlling-in ~lay of thP 1ww Cali
fornin-1:irlshad l\lin<'r:il !--prini?s Hotel
and Clinir it i.s preparNl ti, Pn!Prtain th<'
tourists. summC'r vnc·atipnist,-: and h1•nlth
seC'kcrs in n manner th:i1' i-hould appeal to
the most exac-ting-vh:ilor.
Tourists nn<l ,·nratinnists SPPkini? :111 nt
tr:1<'1i\'P 1>la1·P for tlwir s1111111wr outing
will find tlw California-l ':11·lshad thr last
A<l<lresR
word in modPn1 :incl l11x11rio11:-rP:-ort
hotrls.
In :uldition lo 1111• ll0!1•l ('alifor11ia-C:1rl:-:
hari, tlwn• arP aulo 1·1111rt:-:, 1·:1111pillJ!
g-ro1111<ls, mt l:1g-1·s :111d ollir•r hotels and
roomin)! ho11s1•s :trt• ,t\';1il:tlilc• :dong-1111·
Cn1·lshatl hpac-hPs !.llital,1,. tu 1•,·1•ry pun,P,
with <"afrs anti r<'sta11:111t:,; wll('r1• n1od1•ralt>
pric<'s prevail.
Home seekers will also fine) C:trlsbar1 to he
one of th<' most enterprising-and attr:t<'tive
communities nOl~' under rapid cle,·C'lopm<'nt
in Southern California, anti 111:111,· h11si1wss
opportunities in mer<"antilP li111•s and agri
('tJ)ture await yon.
Drt:tiJr,<l inform:1tio11 on a1•1•ommoclations
nr i1n·1·sl111r11t~ will l,r 1·lw,·rfr1II.,· f11r11i"lll'd.
THE CARLSBAD CHAMBER OF COMMERCE
Carlsbad, California.
FRED W. MITCHELL, President FRED J. RAMSEY, Secretary.
~":t, ~:-~:
i$ San Die&o Union. May 18, 1930, p.10
~ RECaJN
.. ---.. -.. .. .. .. ---... .. -FORMAL OPENING JUNE SEVENTH
:z::.::tL__...IL...:.:2 t 29==--I is,iii,--,r.iini,'i:,'", I :c:::::::s.e::::::::::sx::=sc:::=:J:c:=::C&C 51 >C:::-, I C :a I 5 -~:t\:[¥'¥-~~p~~~;;~;~:~i:~t;~~~l~~~?~~0
t ·, • •;,r
The Californi~ _Carlsbad M1Ileral Springs Hotel
Featuring the· UNIVERSITY of HEAL TH
(Formal Declicatory
HERE'S TO YOUR
Banquet, Sutrmlciy
HEALTH!
Et1Cnin~. June 7th, $5.00 the Platc-Cnrlsbacl, California)
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T-HE CALIFORNIA·-CA-RLSBkD
-=:-we....--,.~ z:--=::s: c::::s. , UNIVERSITY OF HEALTH
c:::::::.:z:c:::::a.c:::::sc:_:_:ac:::::::::xc. sc=-::s:.:.: :i:!::::..e,: .a::::=:::.:a::c:::::::a
F(!ED W. MITCHELL, Dln<tdr
San Dieeo Union, June 1, 1930, p.6
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',.~-~J:d:--.· :.~a
• The New C:allfomla-C'arl~had Hotf'l lo bo llN!initrd Salunlay
I Carlsbad Journal. June 6, 1930, p.l
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The
California~ Carlsbad ·Hotel
(with Sanitarium· Department)
:Mineral ,. Springs . Resort
Carl~had, California
RECREATION -REST -HEALTH
Ju~t Opened . E~erything New
Luxurious in Appoiniments -:-Supreme in Service
To quickly lntroduc.-e the beuntles nnd !111·11!1 le" of the net!" C'nllfornl11 • Carlsbad, a nr7 11peclal
low 11ebedule of rates wlll prenll for n llmlrl'd rime.
Rooms~ Single, $2.00, $2.50, $3.00; Double, $3.50, $4.00, $4.50, $5.00.
Dining Service: American, per day, $2.50; European, Club Breakfast 65c
to $1.00, Luncheon 85c to $1.00, Dinner $1.25. '
FURTHER REDUCTIOSS TO Gl'F~',TS OF TWO WF.F.KS OR l\lORE
SANITARIUM PEA TURES
De1111rtment uniter mt><llcul 11111ien·lslon-sc•lt>11tlllra 11.,· l'IJIIIJ111e1l dlni:nn•tk cllnk-non-icurgkal, moll•
ern tbera11eutl<'>I--X•ray and nwtnholnr In exnml1111tlo11 room-.-m11ha•lzl11g mineral w11ter 11nd electri
cal bath1t-n1echllnlcal exercla1er,i-Swedlsh 1111,I medinnkal mat<lffl~l'--Wl'lght c-orrectlon-"1111en·h1e<I dlt>t.
Carlllbad Mineral Water11 elfectlve In trentmrnt of <'11ronlc ailments. rs111'<·l111Jy In relief of ltheui1111tlHm.
Indlgeetlon, Colonlt', Lh·er and Kl<lne.v dl:.:orclt•rs. Uaths and Trentmt'nt/1 $!?.r.O to $·1.00.
Ello"LIVES l'OUR VACATION with a course In ht'llllh bnlldlu~ 1111 tlK' "'bite 11and beach an<!
tropical 1tardem1 of the Callfornla-Cnrl,ibud. You will rPturn home rt"'l<'•I nm! re'l'lvrfl with ·11leaRnnt
memorle,, of new frlen<lshli,,i form,•<! In the ~odal llrr of Noutbern <'nlltornln'~ ne"·eRt nncl moHt Juxur
lou.o, ret1ort center. Write for re11cn·atl11n11 t<Hlay.
EASTMAN I:IOTEL CO., Operators
Carlsbad, California
~:;:~ ~l Carlsbad Journal. June 13, 1930, p.2 @
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:::::: b~
I,'' ... '"'I r . .
~ m~... ~ ! Cali£ornia·Carlsbad ~
; ~~.!_~,1 --· :
Come> in anrl hrow:-:e around.
====
-===_~:_:...:,-_ with < ;JFTS C.!\t:SL\L
Dorothy Jackson ~s
LENDING BOOK CLUB
no\\' hou:-:NI in
The Treasure Shop.
C-\IJFOJC\'f \ -C,\HL~B .. \I> HOTEL ·'-
suit,· IOO-llll
OPES JO lo fi
Carlsbad Journal, Nov. 14, 1930, p.8
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CLARA Bow·~ RED HAIRED BEAUTY,
~'lAY BE GUEST IN CARLSBAD SOON
'.\l11111hy lrn·ittn,: ('Iara How '" C'arlshacl
Carlsbad Journal. Nov. 28, 1930, p.1
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\\7hy· Suffer
with Coughs,
Colds, Aches,
Indigestion or
Flu ---
when the
CARLSBAD MINERAL BATHS
are right .at your duposal
Mineral Water Baths, manipulation of the
joints, muscles and organs of the body are methods which have been used for centuries
for the relief of colds.
At the California-Carlsbad Hotel Health
Department you ha\·e every modetn facility
for cold treatment~. Trained operators in
Swedish Massage, and the scientific appli
cation of the electric rays in Infra Red and Solar Arc.
Electric cabinets for a thorOU/!h sweating
and opening the pores of the skin.
Elimination of the poisons of the human
svstem is the first step on the road to good
h"ealth. Proper flushing of the colon i~ available to you at the Carlsbad Sanitarium.
T-ake No Chances u1ith Your Health
Don't encourage pneumonia nor chronic indigestion. Try the Carlsbad Course in
Health.
Entire Treatment only $3.00. Tweh-e treatments $30.00.
For Appointments Phone 440
CARLSBAD ~iTh'ERAL
SPRING SA1'1TARIUM
:::, .... Carlsbad Journal. Jan. 2, 1931, p.3
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A Good Place
to Stop·
Delicious, attractive meals correctly prepared
and carefully served with the most beautiful en
vironment in the southland.
Dine at The California-Carlsbad. Entertain
your club, your parties, your frienq.s, your familes,
here.
Half the worry of entertaining is the luncheon.
Bring the guests here. You will be ahead in time,
expense, pleasure.
'The California-Carl§pad
Hotel
w. J. Mt:RPIIl', Manarm, ~-
Every Room with Bath and Steam Heat
Carlsbad Journal. Feb. 6, 1931, p.5
•-RECCDN
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Feast Your Eyes
BE~~UTY
at
THE ~iIDW111'lTER FLOWER SHOW
at
Encinitas February 18 to 23
and feast your appetite at the Ca]ifornia Carlsbad
Hotel, only a fev,' m•i]es north of the grand marquee
that houses the flower show. Just drive north on
the coast highway about seven miles from the flower
. show to the hotel. !.Iodern appointments through
out, every room with bath and ocean viev.-. Com
fortable lounge and lobby, excellent meals.
'"The Calif c rnia-Car ls b~.tl
--:-_:r .,._ 1 L.l.OLe
W. J. ?,!CR?Err, ~ ~
I
. Even'
. •!ff.,_++,('.♦.~-· .•
Room wi:j Bath and Steam Heat
Carlsbad Journal, Feb. 13, 1931, p.4
RECUJN
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~homas Beauty Studio
906 Brack Shops Bldg., Los Angeles
Announces
The Formal Opening_ of a •Branch Studio in The
California -Carlsbad Hotel, . Carlsbad, on Monday,
March 9th.
Thh1 branch fltudlo l,c beautlf11ll7 l!QUlpped 1\'lth the Yer,1 newet'lt applf.
anct'H, and a complete beauty 11ervlce nwnlt~ you.
Thl' C11rh1h1cl Ntmlio will he t><'r)l(llUllly .contltll'lt'II hy Mr:<. F,dnll Reily
Tboma11, wbo will he ple.111<t'II to Ud\·l,c1• 'you nncl render the KIIDII.' high
11tandard or hNuty 11en·lce 11·hlch 11111< ;made the LoM Angele" ktudlo
a natlonall7 .known ln11tltutlon. . '
A coo11>1etc line or IL LOUIS BEAUTY COSMETIOS will be featured.
E\"ERY LADY VISITING THE CARI.BRAD STUDIO ON l'tlONDAl',
MARCH tui, Wll..L RECEIVE AN R. LOUIS ROUGE COMPACT.
lt4'1Ul!tuher the telephonr numbt-r-Carisbad 4%6
Carlsbad Journal. March 6, 1931, p.8
• Thomas
Beauty Studio
TH0~1AS
Beauty StudiQ
Callfonua-Carllbad
Hotel
ij Caurcinua..Carlsbad
Dotel
WAVES of
soft natur
al beauty they
be Ii e their
permanent
origin.
$5.00
$6.00
$7.00
Offers 7ou a complete
bNuty 11en-Jce.
. • A woman'11 balr and
akin are her • rareet _
jewels and 1bould be
'IJltelllpntl,-cared tor.
Alli 11n. 'l'bemaa cu.
.,
Mr,<. Thomns wlll 1111\·l,.r. you
1111 the cu re of your sklu a ud
hair. -~~
Phone Carlsbad 4 2 5_, Carlsbad Journal. April 13, 1931, p.1
Carlsbad Journal, March 13, 1931, p.1
L_ RECrDN
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Spring
Housecleaning
Is more important to the human body than it is to
the material house of wood and bricks·'and mortar
in which yo·u live. •
Every housekeeper considers it ·necessary to give
her home the once-over frequently, to keep it in
proper running order .
. Be as kind to your body as to your house. You will
need it longer.
The.
CARLSBAD MINERAL B1~ THS
Are At Your Di5posal
Mineral W~ter Baths, manipulation o! the joints,
muscles and organs of the body are healing meth
ods which have been used for centuries.
At the California-Carlsbad H:otel Health Depart
ment you have every modern facility for health
treatments.! Trained operators in Swe~sh Massage
and the scientific application of the electric rays
in Infra Red and Solar Arc.
Electric Cabinets for a thorough sweating and
opening the pores of the skin.
Elimination of the poisons of the human system is the first step on the road to ~ood health. Proper
flushing of. the colon is available to. you at the
Carlsbad Sanitarium.
Take' No Chances With Your H.ealth
I •
Don't enco~rage rheumatism or chronic:indigestion.
Try the Carlsbad Course in Heal~.
Entire treatment only $3.00. Twelve, treatments
$30.00. • For appointments Phone 440.
CARLSBAD MINERAL . .
SPRING SANITARIUM
·~••·••~•·••·•·•·• .. •••o••~•••·••••·H-0#.
Carlsbad Journal, May 8, 1931, p.2
·•¼~
RECWN
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::::::::
IIJ
/
Attention
in Midsummer
Is more important to the human body than it is to
the material house of wood and bricks and mortar
in which you, live. '
Evtlry housekeeper considers it necessary to give
her home the once-over frequently, to ,keep it in
proper running order.
Be as kind to your body as to your house. You will
need it longer. • •
The
CARLSBAD MINERAL ·B4THS
Are At Your Dispo&al
Mineral Water Baths, manipulation of the joints,
muscles and organs of the body are healing meth
ods which have been used for centuries.
At the California-Uarlsbad Kotel Heal~h Depart
ment you have every modern facility lfor health
treatments. , Trained operators in Swedish Massage
and the scientific application of the electric rays
in Infra Red and Solar Arc. ; ,
Electric Cabinets for a thorough sweating and
opening the pores of the skin.
Elimination . of the poisons of the human system is the first step on the road to PjOOd health. Proper
flushing of :,tfle colon is available to ,you at the
Carlsbad Saliitari~m. • '
. I Take No Chances With Your Health
Don't encourage rheumatism or chronic indigestion.
Try the Carlsbad Course in Health. .
Entire treatment only $3.50 Eleven treatments $35.00. For appointments Phone 440. •
CARLSBAD l\ITh"ERAL
SPRING SA1\1TARTu11
Carlsbad Journal. July 24, 1931, p. l
•~~=--RECrDN
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'.j :: • ., -~
.A' .,.;
·•"-I
Brochure 1950' s
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IIEIP~f..·_
Single rooms frolllll!
$3.50 ... Popular Prici
Deluxe Service in the Dower-filled •
For further information, write 0. M.'
bad Mineral Springs Hotei Carlsbad
California. Reservations may be made
Travel Bureau or direct.
--------
\,
THINGS TO DO~~-~!her you want lo romp or res~
Carlsbad will plea•;~~~c, !her~•• almo•I ~vory •~rt
and recreation imagll!IJb~~r '."-Ir. ,l~U, l~er: ~ Old.,Mex1co lo Vl■il,
horse racing, and 1ota Jf~~n~~'if acen1c 11ghb to 1ee.
And for "relaxer•," tJft•it~~j sand, lovely gardeno,
friendly 1un1hlne , . _ II .' 'JI lb thi1 perfect
"manana" land! I ---•-.
RECaJN
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Brochure 1950's
~
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CONFIDENTIAL ATTACHMENTS
Are not for public review and are
on tile with the City of Carlsbad