HomeMy WebLinkAboutCDP 11-10; El Camino Real Southbound Widening; Coastal Development Permit (CDP) (5)GLENN LUKOS ASSOCIATES
May 17, 2011
Teresa Sousa
Rancho Costera, LLC
8383 Wilshire Boulevard, Suite 700
Beverly Hills, California 90211
Regulatory Services
SUBJECT: Southem Widening ofEl Camino ReaL City of Carlsbad, San Diego County,
Califomia.
Dear Ms. Sousa:
This letter report swnmarizes our preliminary findings of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (Corps),
Califomia Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) jurisdiction, and Califomia Coastal
Commission (CCC) jurisdiction for the above-referenced Project.
The existing alignment ofEl Camino Real will be widened to the south from Kelly DriYe on the
west to Cannon Road on the east. The subject portion ofEl Camino Real is located in the City of
Carlsbad, San Diego County [Exhibit 1 ], and contains a blue-line drainage (as depicted on the
U.S. Geological Survey {USGS) topographic map San Luis Rey, Califomia [dated 1968 and
photorevised in 1975]) [Exhibit 2]. On March 3, 2011 regulatory specialists of Glenn Lukos
Associates, Inc. (GLA) examined the Project area to detennine the limits of {1) Corps
jurisdiction pursuant to Section 404 of the Clean Water Act, and {2) CDFG jurisdiction pursuant
to Division 2, Chapter 6, Section 1600 of the Fish and Game Code, and (3) the limits of any
"wetlands" as defined by the Califomia Coastal Act regulations and interpretive guidelines.
Enclosed is a 200-scale map [Exhibit 3) that depicts the areas of Corps and CDFG jurisdiction
{and CCC wetlands). Photographs to document the topography, vegetative communities, and
general widths of each of the waters are provided as Exhibit 4.
The proposed southern widening will pennanently impact 0.042 acre of Corps jurisdiction
(including 0.018 acre of wetlands), 0.090 acre of CDFG jurisdiction {all of\\'ruch support
riparian vegetation), and 0.090 acre of CCC wetlands. The widening will temporarily impact
0.019 acre of Corps jurisdiction (including 0.007 acre of\\:etlands), 0.05 acre ofCDFG
jurisdiction (all of which is riparian), and 0.05 acre of CCC wetlands.
29 Orchard • Lake Forest
Telephone: (949) 837-0404
• California 92630-8300
Facsimile: (949) 837-5834
Teresa Sousa
Rancho Costera, LLC
May 17,2011
Page 2
I. :METHODOLOGY
Prior to beginning the field delineation a 200-scale color aerial photograph, a 200-scale
topographic base map of the property, and the previously cited USGS topographic map were
examined to detemune the locations of potential areas of Corps/CDFG jurisdiction. Suspected
jurisdictional areas were field checked for the presence of defmable channels and/or wetland
vegetation, soils and hydrology. Suspected wetland habitats on the site were evaluated using the
methodology set forth in the U.S. Anny Corps of Engineers 1987 \Vetland Delineation Manual1
(Wetland J\1anual) and the 2006 Interim Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland
Delineation Manual: Arid West Supplement (Arid West Supplement).2. While in the field the
limits of CDFG jurisdiction were recorded onto a 200-scale color aerial photograph using visible
landmarks.
II. JURISDICTION
A. ArmY Corps of Engineers
Pursuant to Section 404 of the Clean Water Act, the Corps regulates the discharge of dredged
and/or fill material into waters of the United States. The term "waters of the United States" is
defined in Corps regulations at 33 CFR Part 328.3(a) as:
(J} All waters which are currently used. or were used in the past. or may be
susceptible to use in interstate or foreign commerce, including all waters
which are subject to the ebb and.flov,• of the tide;
(2) All inTerstate waters including interstate l1·etlands:
(3} All other waters such as inn·astate Jakes. rivers, streams (including
intermittent streams), mudflats. sand.flats, wetlands, sloughs, prairie
potholes, wet meadows, playa lakes, or natural ponds, the use, degradation
or destruction of which could affect foreign commerce including any such
waters:
1 Environmental Laboratory. 1987. Corps ofEne.ineers Wetlands Delineation Manual, Technical Report Y-87-1,
U.S. Anny Engineer \Vatem·ays Experimental Station, Vicksburg, Mississippi.
2 U.S. Anny Corps of Engineers. 2006. Interim Regional Supplement to the Corps of Engineers Wetland
Delineation Manual: Arid West Supplement. Ed. J.S. Wakeley, R.W. Lichevar, and C.V. Noble. ERDC/EL TR-06-
16. Vicksburg, MS: U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center.
Teresa Sousa
Rancho Costera, LLC
Mav 17.2011 .. '
Page 3
(f) Which are or could be used by interstate or foreign travelers for
recreational or other purposes; or
(if) From which fish or shellfish are or could be taken and sold in
interstate orforeign commerce: or
(iii) Tft11ich are used or could be used for industrial purpose by industries
in interstate commerce ...
(4) All impoundments o.fwaters otheni'ise defined as waters o.fthe United States
under the definition:
(5) Tributaries o.fwaters ident(fied in paragraphs (a) (1)-(4) of this section;
(6j The territorial seas;
(7) Wetlands adjacent to waters (other than v.:aters that are themselves wetlands)
identified in paragraphs (a) (1)-(6) o.fthis section.
Waste treatment systems, including treatment ponds or lagoons designed to meet the
requirements o.fCTE4 (other than cooling ponds as defined in 40 CFR 123.11 (m)
which also meet the criteria of this de_{inition) are not v.,aters of the United Stares.
(8) \Vaters of the United States do not include prior converted cropland.3
Notwithstanding the determination of an area's status as prior converted cropland by
any other federal agency, for the purposes of the Clean Water Act, the final authority
regarding Clean Water Act jurisdiction remains \Vith the EPA.
In the absence of \Vetlands, the limits of Corps jurisdiction in non-tidal \Vaters, such as
intermittent streams, extend to the OHWM which is defined at 33 CFR 328.3(e) as:
... that line on the shore established by the fluctuation o.fwater and indicated by
physical characteristics such as clear, natura/line impressed on the bank.
shelving. changes in the character o.fsoil, destruction o.fterrestrialvegetation, the
presence o.flitter and debris, or other appropriate means That consider the
characteristics o.f the surrounding areas.
:The tenn ··prior converted cropland" is defmed in the Corps' Regulatory Guidance Lener 90-7 (dated September
26, 1990) as "wetlands which were both manipulated (drained or othen,·ise physically altered to remove excess water
from the land) and cropped before 23 December 1985, to the extenr that they no longer exhibit important wetland
values. Specifically, prior converted cropland is inundated for no more than 14 consecutive days during the growing
season .... " [Emphasis added.]
Teresa Sousa
Rancho Costera, LLC
May 17, 2011
Page 4
I. Solid \Vaste Agency of Northern Cook County v. United States Army Corps
of Engineers, et al.
Pursuant to Article I, Section 8 of the U.S. Constitution, federal regulatory authority extends only
to activities that affect interstate conunerce. In the early 1980s the Corps interpreted the
interstate conunerce requirement in a manner that restricted Corps jurisdiction on isolated
(intrastate) waters. On September 12, 1985, EPA asserted that Corps jurisdiction extended to
isolated waters that are used or could be used by migratory birds or endangered species, and the
definition of",vaters of the United States" in Corps regulations \\'as modified as quoted above
from 33 CFR 328.3(a).
On January 9, 2001, the Supreme Court of the United States issued a ruling on Solid Waste
Agency of Northern Cook County i'. United Stares Army Cmps of Engineers, eta!. (SW A..~CC).
In this case the Court was asked whether use of an isolated, intrastate pond by migratory birds is
a sufficient interstate commerce cmmection to bring the pond into federal jurisdiction of Section
404 ofthe Clean Water Act.
The \\Titten opinion notes that the court's previous support of the Corps' expansion of
jurisdiction beyond navigable waters (United States v. Riverside Bayview Homes. Inc.) was for a
wetland that abutted a navigable water and that the court did not express any opinion on the
question of the authority of the Corps to regulate wetlands that are not adjacent to bodies of open
water. The current opinion goes on to state:
In order to rule for the respondems here. we would have to hold tharthe
jurisdiction of the Cmps extends to ponds that are not adjacent to open water.
Jfle conclude rhm the text of the statute will not allow this.
Therefore, we believe that the court's opinion goes beyond the migratory bird issue and says that
no isolated, intrastate water is subject to the provisions of Section 404(a) of the Clean Water Act
(regardless of any interstate conm1erce cmmection). However, the Corps and EPA have issued a
joint memorandum which states that they are interpreting the ruling to address only the migratory
bird issue and leaving the other interstate conunerce clause nexuses intact.
Teresa Sousa
Rancho Costera LLC
May 17,2011
Page 5
2. Rapanos v. United States and Carabell v. United States
On June 5, 2007, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Corps issued joint
guidance that addresses the scope of jurisdiction pursuant to the Clean Water Act in light of the
Supreme Court's decision in the consolidated cases Rapanos v. United States and Carabell r.
UniTed Srates ("Rapanos"). The chart below was provided in the joint EP A!Corps guidance.
For project sites that include waters other than Traditional Navigable Waters (TNWs) and/or
their adjacent wetlands or Relatively Pennanent Waters (RPMs) tributary to TN\Vs and/or their
adjacent \Vetlands as set forth in the chm1 belmv, the Corps must apply the significant nexus
standard, that includes the data set forth in the Approved Jurisdictional Determination Form
included as Appendix A.
For "isolated" \Vaters or '"'etlands, the joint guidance also requires an evaluation by the Corps and
EPA to detennine whether other interstate conunerce clause nexuses, not addressed in the
SWANCC decision are associated with isolated features on project sites for which a
jurisdictional detem1ination is being sought from the Corps. The information pertaining to
isolated waters is also included on the Approved Jurisdictional DeterminaTion Form included as
Appendix A.
The agencies will assert jurisdiction over the following waters:
• Traditional navigable waters
• Wetlands adjacent to traditional navigable waters
• Non-navigable tributaries of traditional navigable waters that are relatively pem1anent
where the tributaries typically flow year-round or have continuous flow at least
seasonally (e.g., typically three months)
• Wetlands that directly abut such tributaries
The agencies will decide jurisdiction over the following waters based on a fact-specific analysis
to determine whether they have a significant nexus with a traditional navigable water:
• Non-navigable tributaries that are not relatively pem1anent
• Wetlands adjacent to non-navigable tributaries that are not relatively pennanent
• Wetlands adjacent to but that do not directly abut a relatively pennanent non-
navigable tributary
The agencies generally will not assert jurisdiction over the following features:
• Swales or erosional features (e.g., gullies, small washes characterized by low volume,
infrequent or sh011 duration flow)
• Ditches (including roadside ditches) excavated wholly in and draining only uplands
Teresa Sousa
Rancho Costera, LLC
May17,2011
Page 6
and that do not carry a relatively permanent flow of water
The agencies v.ill apply the signiticant nexus standard as follows:
• A significant nexus analysis \Vill assess the flow characteristics and functions of the
tributary itself and the functions performed by all wetlands a4,iacent to the tributary to
determine if they significantly affect the chemical, physical and biological integrity of
do\\nstream traditional navigable waters
• Significant nexus includes consideration of hydrologic and ecologic factors
3. 'Vetland Definition Pursuant to Section 404 of the Clean 'Vater Act
The term "'vetlands" (a subset of"waters of the United States") is defined at 33 CFR 328.3(b) as
"those areas that are inundated or saturated by surface or ground water at a frequency and
duration sufficient to support ... a prevalence of vegetation typically adapted for life in saturated
soil eonditions." In 1987 the Corps published a manual to guide its field pers01mel in
determining jurisdictional \\'etland boundaries. The methodology set forth in the 1987 Wetland
Delineation Manual and the A.rid West Supplement generally require that, in order to be
considered a wetland, the vegetation, soils, and hydrology of an area exhibit at least minimal
hydric characteristics. While the manual and Supplement provide great detail in methodology
and allo\\' for varying special conditions, a wetland should nom1ally meet each of the following
three criteria:
• more than 50 pereent of the dominant plant species at the site must be typical of wetlands
(i.e., rated as facultative or \\'etter in the National List of Plant Species that Occur in
\Vet1ands4);
• soils must exhibit physical and/or chemical characteristics indicative ofpennanent or
periodic saturation (e.g., a gleyed color, or mottles with a matrix oflow chroma
indicating a relatively consistent fluctuation between aerobic and anaerobic conditions);
and
• \Vhereas the 1987 Manual requires that hydrologic characteristics indicate that the ground
is saturated to \Vi thin 1 2 inches of the surface for at least five percent of the grO\\ing
<Reed, P.B., Jr. 1988. National List of Plant Species that Occur in Wetlands. U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service
Biological Report 88(26.1 0).
Teresa Sousa
Rancho Coster~ LLC
May 17, 2011
Page 7
season during a normal rainfall year, the Arid \Vest Supplement does not include a
quantitative criteria with the exception for areas with "problematic hydroph)1ic
Yegetation'', which require a minimum of 14 days ofponding to be considered a wetland.
B. Regional \Vater Qualitv Control Board
Subsequent to the SW A....l\fCC decision, the Chief Counsel for the State Water Resources Control
Board issued a memorandum that addressed the effects of the SW ANCC decision on the Section
401 Water Quality Certification Program.5 The memorandum states:
Cal((ornia 's right and duty to evaluate cert{fication requests under section 401 is
pendant to (or dependent upon; a valid application for a section 404 permit from
the Corps, or another applicationfor afederallicense or permit. Thus if the
Corps determines that the water body in question is nor subject to regulation
under the COE 's 404 program. for instance, no application for 401 cert{ficaTion
will be required ...
The SWAl,rcc decision does not affect the Porter Cologne authorities to regulate
discharges To isolated, non-navigable waters of the states ....
WaTer Code secTion 13260 requires "any person discharging waste, or proposing
to discharge waste, within any region that could affect the waters o_(The stale to
.file a report of discharge (an application for waste discharge requirements) ...
(Water Code§ 1 3260(a){l) (emphasis added).) The term "waters of the state" is
de.fined as ''any surface water or groundwater, including saline waters, within the
boundaries of the sTaTe .. , (Water Code§ 1 3050(e}.) TI1e US. Supreme Court's
ruling in SWAl,'CC has no bearing on the Porter-Cologne de.finition. While all
waters of the United States that are within the borders o..fCal((ornia are also
waters of the state, The converse is not true-waters of the United Stares is a
subset o..f waters of the state. Thus, since Porter-Cologne was enacted California
always had and retains authority to regulate discharges of waste into any waters
of the state, regardless of whether the COE has concurrent jurisdiction under
secTion 404. The fact that often Regional Boards opted to regulate discharges to.
e.g., vernal pools, through the 401 program in lieu o..f or in addition to issuing
waste discharge requirements (or waivers thereo..O does not preclude the regions
~Wilson, Craig M. January 25, 2001. Memorandum addressed to State Board Members and Regional Board
Executive Officers.
Teresa Sousa
Rancho Costera, LLC
May 17,2011
Page 8
from issuing WDRs {or waivers o.fWDRs) in the absence of a request for 401
certification ....
In this memorandum the SWRCB's Chief Counsel has made the clear assumption that fill
material to be discharged into isolated waters of the United States is to be considered equivalent
to "waste" and therefore subject to the authority of the Porter Cologne Water Quality Act.
However, while providing a recounting of the Act's definition oh\·aters of the United States, tllis
memorandum fails to also reference the Act's own definition of waste:
"Waste" includes sewage and any and all other waste substances, liquid, solid,
gaseous, or radioactive, associated with human habitation, or of human or
animal origin, or from any producing, manufacturing, or processing operation,
including waste placed within containers ofwhatever nature prior to, and for
purposes of, disposal.
The lack of inclusion of a reference to "fill material," "dirt," "earth'' or other similar tenns in the
Act's definition of "waste," or elsewhere in the Act, suggests that no such association was
intended. Thus, the Cllief Counsers memorandum signals that the S\VRCB is attempting to
retain jurisdiction over discharge of fill material into isolated waters of the United States by
administratively expanding the definition of "waste" to include "fill material" without actually
seeking amendment of the Act's definition of waste (an amendment would require action by the
state legislature). Consequently, discharge of fill material into waters of the State not subject to
the jurisdiction of the Corps pursuant to Section 404 of the Clean \\' ater Act !!!.[t require
authorization pursuant to the Porter Cologne Act through application for waste discharge
requirements (\\tTIRs) or through waiver of WDRs, despite the lack of a clear regulatory
imperative.
C. California Department of Fish and Game
Pursuant to Division 2, Chapter 6, Sections 1600-1603 of the Califomia Fish and Game Code,
the CDFG regulates all diversions, obstructions, or changes to the natural flow or bed, channeL
or bank of any riYer, stream, or lake, which suppmts fish or wildlife.
CDFG defines a "stream" (including creeks and rivers) as "a body of water that flows at least
periodically or intennittently through a bed or charmel having banks and supports fish or other
aquatic life. This includes watercourses having surface or subsurface flow that supports or has
suppmted riparian vegetation." CDFG's definition of"lake" includes "natural lakes or man-made
reservoirs."
Teresa Sousa
Rancho Costera, LLC
May 17,2011
Page 9
CDFG jurisdiction \~ithin altered or artificial waterways is based upon the value of those
waterways to fish and wildlife. CDFG Legal Advisor has prepared the following opinion:
• Natural waterways that have been subsequently modified and which have the potential to
contain fish, aquatic insects and riparian vegetation will be treated like natural
\Vatenvays ...
• Artificial waten~·ays that have acquired the physical attributes of natural stream courses
and which have been viewed by the community as natural stream courses, should be
treated by [CDFG] as natural \Vatenvays ...
• Artificial waten\'ays without the attributes of natural watenvays should generally not be
subject to Fish and Game Code provisions ...
Thus, CDFG jurisdictional limits closely mirror those of the Corps. Exceptions are CDFG's
exclusion of isolated wetlands (those not associated with a river, stream, or lake), the addition of
artificial stock ponds and irrigation ditches constructed on uplands, and the addition of riparian
habitat supported by a river, stream, or lake regardless of the riparian area's federal wetland
status.
D. California Coastal Commission
The California Coastal Act (California Public Resources Code Division 20, Section 30240)
restricts land uses within or adjacent to enviromnentally sensitive habitat areas (ESHAs). The
Coastal Act Section 30107.5 defines an ESHA as:
... any area in which plant or animal l(fe or their habitats are either rare or especially
valuable because of rheir special nature or role in an ecosystem and which could be
easily disturbed or degraded by human activities and developments.
Included \\'ithin tlus definition are wetlands, estuaries, streams, riparian habitats, lakes, and
portions of open coastal waters, \vhich meet the rare or valuable habitat criteria.
The CCC regulates the diking, filling, or dredging of wetlands \Vithin the coastal zone. The
Coastal Act Section 30121 defines "wetlands" as land .. which maJ' be covered periodically or
permanently with shallow water." The 1998 CCC Statewide Interpretive Guidelines state that
hydric soils and hydroph)1ic vegetation "are useful indicators o.fwetland conditions, but the
presence or absence o.f hydric soils and/or hydrophytes alone are not necessarily determinative
when the Commission ident((ies wetlands under the Coastal Act. In the past. the Commission
Teresa Sousa
Rancho Costera, LLC
May 17,2011
Page 10
has considered all relevant informaTion in making such deTerminations and relied upon the
adrice and judgment of e:>.perts before reaching its own independent conclusion as to whether a
particular area will be considered wetland under the Coastal AcT. The Commission intends To
conTinue to follow This policy."
.Areas regulated by the Corps, CDFG and CCC are often not coincident due to the different goals
of the respective regulatory programs as well as because these agencies use different definitions
for detennining the extent of wetland areas. The Corps requires that under nom1al
circumstances, all three wetland parameters (i.e., hydrophytic vegetation, hydric soils, and
wetland hydrology) be present for an area to be considered as a jurisdictional wetland; whereas,
the CCC policy provides for a positive detennination for the presence oh'>'etlands based on the
presence of any one of the three criteria.
III. RESULTS
A. Corps Jurisdiction
The footprint for the south em widening of El Camino Real contains a drainage that feature
ultimately connects to a water of the United States (Agua Hedionda), and therefore is considered
to be a water of the United States itself. Corps jurisdiction associated with Project footprint
totals approximately 0.061 acre of '"'ater of the United States, of whieh 0.031 acre consists of
wetlands. The boundaries of the waters of the United States are depicted on the enclosed maps.
Jurisdictional wetlands.
The jurisdictional drainage originates offsite to the north, extends south through the Robe1tson
Ranch property (north ofEl Camino Real), and the flows under El Camino Real through an
existing culvert. South ofEl Camino Real, the drainage consists of a low-flow channel and
adjacent wetland terrace. The ordinary high water mark (OH\VM) is approximately 30 feet wide.
Vegetation occurring within the southem widening footprint includes arroyo willow (Salix
lasiolepis), mule fat (Baccharis salic(folia), giant reed (Arundo donax), pampas grass
(Cortaderia selloana), curly dock (Rumex crispus), Bennuda grass (Cynodon dactylon), and
castor bean (Ricinus communis).
B. Regional \Vater Qualitv Control Board Jurisdiction
The drainage feature within the southem widening footprint is not an intrastate/isolated water
outside Corps jurisdiction. The drainage is considered to be a water of the United States subject
Teresa Sousa
Rancho Costera, LLC
May17,2011
Page 11
to the jurisdiction of the Corps, as \Vell as water of the State subject to the jurisdiction of the
Regional Board.
C. CDFG Jurisdiction
CDFG jurisdiction associated with the southern \Videning footprint totals approximately 0.14
acre, all ofwhich consists of riparian vegetation, \Vhich as noted above includes arroyo willow
and mule fat.
D. CCC Jurisdiction
Coastal wetlands associated \Vith the southern widening footprint total approximately 0.14 acre.
This area supports at a minimum one ofthe following: 1) a predominance ofhydrophytic
vegetation, 2) hydric soils, or 3) wetland hydrology. Hydrophytic vegetation occurring \\~thin the
widening footprint includes arroyo willow, mule fat, curly dock, and Bernmda grass.
IV. DISCUSSION
A. Impact Analnis
Based on project files provided by O'Day Consultants and Plamung Systems, the proposed
southern widening will pern1anently impact 0.042 acre of Corps jurisdiction (including 0.018
acre of wetlands), 0.090 acre of CDFG jurisdiction (all of which support riparian vegetation), and
0.090 acre of CCC wetlands. The widening will temporarily impact 0.019 acre of Corps
jurisdiction (including 0.007 acre of wetlands), 0.05 acre ofCDFG jurisdiction (all ofwhich is
riparian), and 0.05 acre of CCC wetlands.
Teresa Sousa
Rancho Costera, LLC
May17,2011
Page 12
If you have any questions about this lener report please contact either Glenn Lukos or David
Moskovitz at (949) 83 7-0404.
Sincerely,
GLEN"N LUKOS ASSOCL<\ TES, INC.
David F. Moskovitz
Regulatory Specialist
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Photograph 1. View of jurisdictional drainage looking south from the southern
edge of El Camino Real.
Photograph 2. View of the southern edge of El Camino Real looking north.
The photo depicts the existing crossing of the jurisdictional drainage located
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Photograph 4. View of vegetated terrace located adjacent to the open
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