Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAbout06244-12-01; Rancho Carlsbad Detention Basin; Rancho Carlsbad Detention Basin; 2000-07-06I I I I I ] I 1 1 ] ] ] N GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA PREPARED FOR RICK ENGINEERING COMPANY SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA JULY 2000 GEOCON INCORPORATED GEOTECHNICAL CONSULTANTS Project No. 06244-12-01 July 6, 2000 Rick Engineering Company 5620 Friars Road San Diego, California 92110 Attention: Subject: Mr. Wayne Chang RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION Gentlemen: In accordance with our Proposal Number LG-98272 and your authorization, we have performed a geotechnical investigation of the proposed detention basin embankment and its associated culvert. This study also included a limited subsurface investigation at the confluence of Calaveras and Agua Hedionda Creeks to characterize the soils at that location for future channel improvements. The proposed embankment is located within the flood plain of Calaveras Creek, northeast of the intersection of El Camino Real and Calaveras Drive in Carlsbad, California. The accompanying report presents the results of the study and conclusions and recommendations pertaining to the geotechnical aspects of constructing the proposed detention basin embankment and its associated culverts. It is our opinion that the detention basin embankment may be constructed as proposed provided that the recommendations contained herein are followed. If you have any questions regarding this report, or if we may be of further service, please contact the undersigned at your convenience. Very truly yours, GEOCON INCORPORA' ICE 22527 AS:DFL:lek (4) Addressee (I/del) Recon Attention: Mr. Gerald A. Scheid iSadr CEG 1778 6960 Flanders Drive • San Diego, California 92121-2974 • Telephone (858) 558-6900 • Fax (858) 558-6159 TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. PURPOSE AND SCOPE 1 2. SITE AND PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS 1 3. SOIL AND GEOLOGIC CONDITIONS 2 3.1 Alluvium (Qal) 2 3.2 Santiago Formation (Ts) 3 4. GROUNDWATER 3 5. GEOLOGIC HAZARDS 3 5.1 Faulting and Seismicity 3 5.2 Soil Liquefaction Potential 4 6. SETTLEMENT CONDITIONS 5 7. EMBANKMENT STABILITY 5 8. CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURES 7 8.1 Remedial Grading 7 8.2 Culvert Construction 7 9. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 8 9.1 General 8 9.2 Channel Improvements 8 9.3 Grading 9 9.4 Slope Stability 10 9.5 Slope Maintenance 10 9.6 Grading Plan Review 11 LIMITATIONS AND UNIFORMITY OF CONDITIONS MAPS AND ILLUSTRATIONS Figure 1, Vicinity Map Figure 2, Geologic Map Figure 3, Cross Section A-A' Figure 4, Cross Section B-B' Figure 5, Magnitude Settlement Curve Figure 6, Surficial Slope Stability Analysis APPENDLX A FIELD INVESTIGATION Figures A-l-A-10, Logs of Borings TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) APPENDIX B LABORATORY TESTING Table B-I, Summary of Direct Shear Test Results Table B-n, Summary of Laboratory Maximum Dry Density and Optimum Moisture Content Test Results Figures B-l-B-2, Gradation Curves Figures B-3-B-8, Consolidation Curves Figures B-9-B-15, Time Rate Curves APPENDIX C SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS Figures C-l-C-5 APPENDIX D RECOMMENDED GRADING SPECIFICATIONS GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION 1. PURPOSE AND SCOPE This report presents the findings of a geotechnical investigation for the construction of the proposed detention basin embankment and associated culverts in Carlsbad, California (see Figure 1, Vicinity Map). The purpose of the investigation was to evaluate surficial and subsurface soil and geologic conditions and provide conclusions and recommendations regarding the stability of the proposed embankment and culverts. In addition, the soils in the vicinity of the confluence of Agua Hedionda and Calaveras Creeks were evaluated regarding potential erosion characteristics for consideration in future channel improvements. The scope of the investigation consisted of a site reconnaissance and the excavation of 6 small- diameter exploratory borings. With the exception of Boring B-l, the approximate locations of the borings are indicated on the enclosed Geologic Map (Figure 2). Boring B-l was excavated approximately 50 feet west of the confluence of Agua Hedionda and Calaveras Creeks and is not shown on Figure 2. Laboratory tests were performed on selected soil samples obtained from the small-diameter borings to evaluate pertinent geotechnical characteristics. Details of the field investigation and the laboratory testing are presented in Appendices A and B, respectively. In addition to the field investigation and laboratory testing, a review of pertinent reports and maps on file and/or previously prepared by Geocon Incorporated was conducted, including: Generalized Geologic Map, Calavera Hills Phase II, EIR Exhibit, prepared by Geosoils, dated October, 1999. The recommendations contained herein are based on an analysis of the data obtained from the field investigation, laboratory testing, the referenced documents and experience with similar soil and geologic conditions. 2. SITE AND PROJECT DESCRIPTIONS The subject site consists of partially developed and agricultural land located within the Rancho Carlsbad area in Carlsbad, California (see Figure 1, Vicinity Map). The area is marked by a canyon trending north to south through the site. To the south is a mobile home park. The proposed improvements are part of the mitigation required to prevent flooding of the adjacent mobile home park. Project No. 06244-12-01 - 1 - July 6, 2000 Grading is planned at the confluence of Agua Hedionda Creek and Calaveras Creek to establish a proper hydraulic channel profile. Grading plans were not available at the time of our study. A soil berm detention basin is planned for Calaveras Creek, just north of the existing mobile home park. The soil berms are planned to have a height of approximately 12 feet and side slopes of 2:1 (horizontal:vertical). In addition, the northwest to southeast trending berm will be extended to the southeast to cross and dam the existing creek bed. A 9-foot-diameter corrugated arch and a 6-foot- diameter reinforced concrete pipe are planned to convey storm water runoff from the detention basin and the dammed creek bed southward to the main Calaveras Creek channel. It is our understanding that a live water line and sewer line exist just east of Calaveras Creek which may be impacted by the construction of the embankment fills. It is further understood that the detention basin embankments may be ultimately replaced by embankments constructed for the proposed extensions of College Boulevard and Cannon Road. These much higher embankments (up to 30 feet) will directly overlie the proposed outlet culverts. The impact of the future road embankments on the detention basin and the culverts is not included in this report. The locations and descriptions of the site and proposed development are based upon a site reconnaissance, and a review of the referenced plans. If project details vary significantly from those described above, Geocon Incorporated should be contacted for review and additional analysis and/or recommendations as required. 3. SOIL AND GEOLOGIC CONDITIONS The mitigation area is underlain by alluvium and in rum by the Tertiary-aged Santiago Formation. The approximate areal extent of these geologic units is indicated on the enclosed Geologic Map, Figure 2. Geologic cross-sections are shown on Figures 3 and 4. Each of these soil units is described below. 3.1 Alluvium (Qal) Alluvial deposits were encountered in the canyon throughout the project area. The alluvium extended to depths varying from approximately 46 feet near the center of the canyon in Boring B-3 to 19 feet in Boring B-4. The consistency of the alluvium varied from clean, fine to coarse sand to sandy to silty clay and clayey sand. The alluvium was generally soft and unconsolidated and therefore subject to settlement under the increased load of the planned embankment. Portions of the alluvium may also be subject to liquefaction during a seismic event. Settlement and liquefaction are addressed later Project No. 06244-12-01 - 2 - July 6, 2000 in this report. Recommendations are included herein for remedial grading of the upper portion of the alluvium. 3.2 Santiago Formation (Ts) Siltstones and claystones of the Eocene-aged Santiago Formation were encountered underlying the alluvium within the project's area. This unit was typically very stiff to hard and laminated in places. The Santiago Formation should provide adequate support for additional loading from the planned fill embankments. 4. GROUNDWATER Groundwater was observed in all of the exploratory borings, as indicated on Table 4. Groundwater conditions may vary considerably with seasonal precipitation and the resulting development of perched water conditions within the alluvium and proposed fill soil. TABLE 4 GROUNDWATER DATA Borehole ID B-l B-2 B-3 B-4 B-5 B-6 Approximate Depth of Groundwater Below Existing Ground Surface (feet) 3.5 8.5 9.0 11.0 11.0 8.0 Approximate Elevation of Groundwater Above Mean Sea Level (feet) 33.5 51.5 58.0 58.0 54.0 52.0 5. GEOLOGIC HAZARDS 5.1 Faulting and Seismicity A review of geologic literature, experience with the soil and geologic conditions in the general area, and observations during the field investigation indicate that no active or potentially active faults are located at the site. The nearest known "active" fault is the Rose Canyon Fault, located approximately 7 miles west of the site. "Maximum credible" and "maximum probable" seismic events of Magnitude 6.9 and 5.7, respectively, are postulated for the Rose Canyon Fault. Corresponding maximum credible and maximum probable peak site accelerations of 0.30 g Project No. 06244-12-01 -3-July 6, 2000 and 0.15 g, respectively, are estimated. Seismic parameters for the Rose Canyon Fault and other regional faults were determined utilizing the computer program EQFAULT (Blake 1997) and are summarized below. TABLE 5.1 DETERMINISTIC SITE PARAMETERS FOR SELECTED FAULTS Fault Name Rose Canyon Newport - Inglewood (offshore) Elsinore - Julian Elsinore - Temecula Coronado Bank Elsinore - Glen Ivy Palos Verdes Distance From Site (miles) 7 8 22 22 23 34 39 Maximum Credible Event Maximum Credible (Mag.) 6.90 6.90 7.10 6.80 7.40 6.80 7.10 Peak Site Acceleration (g) 0.30 0.27 0.13 0.11 0.16 0.07 0.07 Maximum Probable Event Maximum Probable (Mag.) 5.70 5.80 6.40 6.30 6.30 6.30 6.20 Peak Site Acceleration (g) 0.15 0.14 0.08 0.07 0.07 0.04 0.03 The site could be subjected to moderate to severe ground shaking from a seismic event on the Rose Canyon Fault or other regional faults in the greater Southern California or northern Baja California area. 5.2 Soil Liquefaction Potential Liquefaction is a phenomenon in which loose, saturated, and relatively cohesionless sands lose shear strength during strong ground motions. Liquefaction is typified by a total loss of shear strength in the affected soil layer or layers due to a rapid buildup in pore water pressure. Liquefaction may result in settlement, sand boils and/or rupture at the ground surface. Primary factors controlling the development of liquefaction include: The occurrence of a major earthquake Intensity and duration of the earthquake Magnitude of the ground acceleration at the site Grain size characteristics of the subsurface soils Relative density of subsurface soils Saturation of subsurface soils Project No. 06244-12-01 -4-July 6, 2000 The majority of the loose and soft alluvial deposits present below the groundwater table consisted of sandy clays and clayey sands with fines content greater than 40 percent by mass. These cohesive soils are not considered liquefiable. Loose, saturated sand layers were encountered in Borings B-3, B-4, B-5, and B-6. These layers are generally considered liquefiable but are limited in thickness and areal extent. Furthermore, consolidation and densification of the near-surface layers due to embankment construction will significantly reduce the potential for liquefaction. Therefore, in the event of a major seismic event in the vicinity of the site, isolated areas of liquefaction may result in minor localized settlement but catastrophic failure due to liquefaction is not considered likely at this site. 6. SETTLEMENT CONDITIONS The settlement analyses of the alluvial soils is based on the general compressibility characteristics of the soils encountered within the small-diameter borings. The determination of anticipated magnitudes of settlement is subject to numerous interpolations and simplifying assumptions. The amount of anticipated settlement that could occur is a function of thickness of the compressible layers, and the compressibility characteristics of the layer and the amount of vertical load that will be imposed on the compressible layer. To aid in understanding the magnitude of settlement estimated to occur in developing the area, Figure 5, Magnitude Settlement Curves, has been prepared. The curves on the figure present the total settlement that would be expected for each boring location and for planned fill as well as potential additional fill due to the road embankments. Theoretically, the alluvial deposits underlying the proposed embankments (12 feet) will settle up to 6 to 8 inches. Based on our experience with similar materials, the actual settlement may range from 50 to 80 percent of calculated settlement, due to sample disturbance, laboratory testing methods and the variable nature of the alluvial deposits. The time require for primary settlement is estimated to be approximately three to four months for soil conditions within the area of Boring No. B-3. It should be noted, however, that the magnitude of total settlement and associated time rate will not be uniform due to the variable thickness of the underlying compressible materials. 7. EMBANKMENT STABILITY Embankment stability was analyzed for both the upstream and downstream slopes of the proposed detention basin embankments utilizing soil parameters developed from the field investigation, Project No. 06244-12-01 -5- July 6,2000 laboratory testing and previous experience in the project area. These parameters are presented below. It should be noted that the source of the material to be used in construction of the embankment fill is not known at this time. However, it is anticipated that the source would be from the nearby Terrace Deposits or the Santiago Formation. TABLE 7.1 SLOPE STABILITY SOIL PARAMETERS Soil Type Compacted Fill (Qcf) Alluvium (Qal) (clayey sand) Alluvium (Qal2) (sandy clay) Santiago Formation (Ts) Unit Weight (pcf) 130 130 130 130 Angle of Internal Friction (degrees) 25 20 10 30 Cohesion (psf) 250 200 300 500 The computer program SLOPE/W was utilized to analyze slope stability for the upstream and downstream slopes. The approximate slope configurations analyzed are shown on Figures 3 and 4. It is assumed that the recommended remedial grading will be performed as described herein. Both slopes were analyzed for both static conditions and with a dynamic load generated by a bedrock acceleration of 0.15g. Additionally, the upstream slopes were analyzed for a rapid drawdown condition with the pool elevation at the highest anticipated water level. No steady-state seepage analysis was performed as the maximum anticipated water retention period is 14 hours. The results of the stability analyses are presented in Table 7.2. Details of the stability analyses and computer- generated output are contained in Appendix C. TABLE 7.2 SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSES — FACTORS OF SAFETY Condition Static Seismic Rapid Drawdown Proposed Detention Basin Embankment Upstream 1.96 1.28 1.57 Downstream 2.58 1.64 — The stability analyses summarized above are for post-construction stability of the embankment as proposed assuming that the recommended remedial grading measures are implemented. It is Project No. 06244-12-01 -6-July 6, 2000 anticipated that stability will increase as the underlying alluvial deposits are densified by consolidation. 8. CONSTRUCTION PROCEDURES 8.1 Remedial Grading To reduce the magnitude of potential settlement and shorten the duration of the consolidation process, it is recommended herein that the upper 6 to 8 feet of alluvial soil (approximately 3 feet above water table) be removed and replaced prior to embankment construction. Remedial grading should extend beyond the toe of the proposed embankment. The excavation for removals may begin at approximately 12 to 16 feet beyond the embankment toe and slope at a 1:1 inclination until the total removal depth is reached (see Figure 4). It is the contractor's responsibility to ensure excavation stability. Remedial grading should extend around the entire perimeter of the proposed culvert, including the headwall and outlet. 8.2 Culvert Construction Conventional granular bedding materials will not be appropriate for RCP culvert construction; i.e., the pipe should be founded directly on the compacted fill. Therefore, in zones where compacted soil fill cannot be properly placed, the pipe should be backfilled to the spring line with a lean concrete grout with at least 2 sacks of cement per cubic yard of grout. The civil engineer should include seepage rings in the design per regional standards. Project No. 06244-12-01 - 7 - July 6, 2000 9. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS 9.1 General 9.1.1 No soil or geologic conditions were observed during the investigation or noted in the review of the referenced documents that would preclude the construction of the proposed detention basin embankment provided the recommendations of this report are followed. 9.1.2 A review of the log of Boring No. B-l, drilled west of the confluence of Agua Hedionda and Calaveras Creeks, indicates a relatively shallow water table of 3.5 feet. It also shows the presence of cohesionless sand near the surface. These soils are considered unsuitable for the channel slopes due to the high potential for erosion. 9.1.3 The proposed embankment site is underlain by soft, saturated alluvial deposits subject to settlement under surcharge load. Remedial grading of the upper portion of the alluvium is recommended to decrease the magnitude of potential settlement and increase the stability of the proposed embankment. 9.1.4 The construction of the proposed 72-inch culverts flowing to the south from the proposed basin will require special design and construction considerations due to potential settlement underlying its alignment. Recommendations for culvert design and construction are included herein. 9.1.5 Groundwater was encountered in the area of the proposed embankments at elevations ranging from approximately 51 to 58 feet above Mean Sea Level (MSL). Fluctuations in the groundwater level should be anticipated due to seasonal precipitation. Special grading recommendations are included herein to address constraints associated with high groundwater levels. 9.1.6 The existing sewer and water lines should be protected against the potential settlement of the underlying compressible alluvium. Further analysis may be needed in accordance with the agency's requirements for the protection of the lines. 9.2 Channel Improvements 9.2.1 Information from the limited subsurface investigation indicated the presence of cohesionless sands that may be exposed with channel slopes during improvements planned Project No. 06244-12-01 - 8 - July 6, 2000 at the confluence of the two creeks. These granular materials are highly susceptible to erosion during high water events. 9.2.2 Improvement plans should include the requirement for slope protection where these materials are encountered. Mitigation procedures would include removal and replacement with fine-grained (clayey) soils or placement of riprap stone with an underlying filter blanket or filter fabric. 9.3 Grading 9.3.1 All grading should be performed in accordance with the Recommended Grading Specifications contained in Appendix D and with applicable City of Carlsbad grading ordinances. Where the recommendations of Appendix D conflict with this section of the report, the recommendations of this section shall take precedence. All earthwork should be performed in conjunction with the testing and observation services of Geocon Incorporated. 9.3.2 Prior to commencing grading, a preconstruction conference should be held at the site with the Owner, Grading Contractor, Civil Engineer and Geotechnical Engineer in attendance. Special soil handling, grading plans and instrumentation and monitoring programs can be discussed at that time. 9.3.3 Grading should begin with the removal and exportation of vegetation and deleterious matter from the area to be graded. Material to be used as fill should be free of organic matter. 9.3.4 Prior to placing fill soil for the embankment, it is recommended that the upper portion of the alluvium underlying the embankment alignment be removed to approximately 3 feet above groundwater table and replaced by granular fill soil. Removals are estimated to be approximately 6 to 8 feet below existing grade and should extend 12 to 16 feet beyond the toe of the proposed embankments including headwalls. Removal excavations may be limited to a maximum inclination of 1:1 (horizontal:vertical) (see Figure 3). Excavation stability should be the responsibility of the grading contractor. 9.3.5 Saturated, clayey, alluvial soils excavated during site preparation should not be used within the embankment fill unless mixed with on-site granular soils and dried to suitable moisture content. The embankment fill should be constructed with soils meeting the minimum strength requirements of 250 psf of cohesion and an angle of internal friction of Project No. 06244-12-01 ^T July 6,2000 25 degrees. Grading operations should anticipate that excavated soils will require drying by aeration and/or mixing with any drier near-surface soils. Embankment fill soils should be approved by the soil engineer. 9.3.6 The proposed embankments may then be constructed with structural fill compacted in layers. Layers of fill should be no thicker than will allow for adequate bonding and compaction. All fill soil placed at the site, including fill soil outside of the embankments, should be compacted to a minimum 90 percent relative compaction at or above optimum moisture content in accordance with ASTM D 1557-91. 9.3.7 Granular bedding material is not considered suitable for RCP culvert construction. The pipe should be founded directly on compacted fill. The zone around the pipe haunches should be backfilled to the spring line with a lean concrete mix consisting of 2 sacks of cement per cubic yard of grout. The civil engineer should include seepage rings in the design per regional standards. 9.4 Slope Stability 9.4.1 Post-construction stability of the proposed embankments was analyzed for static and seismic loading conditions and found to be adequately stable for both the upstream and downstream slopes, provided that the recommended remedial grading is accomplished as described herein. The upstream slope was also analyzed for a rapid-drawdown condition and found to be adequately stable. Details of the stability analyses were previously described in this report. 9.4.2 Surficial slope stability analysis indicates that the embankment slopes will have a factor of safety in excess of 1.5 for the design heights (see Figure 6). 9.5 Slope Maintenance 9.5.1 Slopes that are steeper than 3:1 (horizontal:vertical) may, under conditions that are both difficult to prevent and predict, be susceptible to near surface (surficial) slope instability. The instability is typically limited to the outer three feet of a portion of the slope and does not directly impact the improvements above or below the slope. The occurrence of surficial instability is more prevalent on fill slopes and is usually preceded by a period of heavy rainfall, excessive irrigation, or the migration of subsurface seepage. The disturbance and/or loosening of the surficial soils, as might result from root growth, soil expansion, excavation for irrigation lines and slope planting, or burrowing animal Project No. 06244-12-01 - 10 - July 6, 2000 activities, may also be a significant contributing factor for surficial instability. It is, therefore, recommended that, to the maximum extent practical: (a) disturbed/loosened surficial soils be either removed or properly recompacted, (b) irrigation systems be periodically inspected and maintained to eliminate leaks and excessive irrigation, (c) surface drains on and adjacent to slopes be periodically maintained to preclude ponding or erosion, and (d) rodent control. It should be noted that although the incorporation of the above recommendations should reduce the potential for surficial slope instability, it will not eliminate the possibility, and, therefore, it may be necessary to rebuild or repair a portion of the project's slopes in the future. 9.6 Grading Plan Review 9.6.1 The soil engineer and engineering geologist should review the grading plans prior to finalization to verify their compliance with the recommendations of this report and determine the need for additional comments, recommendations and/or analysis. Project No. 06244-12-01 -11 - July 6, 2000 LIMITATIONS AND UNIFORMITY OF CONDITIONS 1. The recommendations of this report pertain only to the site investigated and are based upon the assumption that the soil conditions do not deviate from those disclosed in the investigation. If any variations or undesirable conditions are encountered during construction, or if the proposed construction will differ from that anticipated herein, Geocon Incorporated should be notified so that supplemental recommendations can be given. The evaluation or identification of the potential presence of hazardous or corrosive materials was not part of the scope of services provided by Geocon Incorporated. 2. This report is issued with the understanding that it is the responsibility of the owner, or of his representative, to ensure that the information and recommendations contained herein are brought to the attention of the architect and engineer for the project and incorporated into the plans, and the necessary steps are taken to see that the contractor and subcontractors carry out such recommendations in the field. 3. The findings of this report are valid as of the present date. However, changes in the conditions of a property can occur with the passage of time, whether they be due to natural processes or the works of man on this or adjacent properties. In addition, changes in applicable or appropriate standards may occur, whether they result from legislation or the broadening of knowledge. Accordingly, the findings of this report may be invalidated wholly or partially by changes outside our control. Therefore, this report is subject to review and should not be relied upon after a period of three years. Project No. 06244-12-01 July 6, 2000 SOURCE: 2000 THOMAS BROTHERS MAP SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA REPRODUCED WITH PERMISSION GRANTED BY THOMAS BROTHERS MAPS. THIS MAP IS COPYRIGHTED BY THOMAS BROS. MAPS. IT IS UNLAWFUL TO COPY OR REPRODUCE ALL OR ANY PART THEREOF, WHETHER FOR PERSONAL USE OR RESALE. WITHOUT PERMISSION N NO SCALE GEOCON O INCORPORATED ^SKr GEOTECHNICAL CONSULTANTS 6960 FLANDERS DRIVE - SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 92121-2974 PHONE 858 558-6900 - FAX 858 558-6159 PD/JMW DSK/DOOOD VICINITY MAP CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA DATE 07-06-2000 PROJECT NO. 06244 - 12 - 01 FIG. 1 X/R14/1DRAFTING/430/CARLBDB1 N50E RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA A 100' -i < 50'- ILI_1 UJ 0'- B-3 CROSS-SECTION B-B1 SEE FIG. 4 GROUND SURFACE PROPOSED FINISH GRADE B-4 Qal Ts Qal Qal A' r 100' zo I- 50' < UJ UJ L 0' LEGEND Qal ALLUVIUM 7S SANTIAGO FORMATION tee SCALE : 1" = 50' (HORIZ. = VERT.) CROSS-SECTION A-A' GEOCON INCORPORATED GEOTECHNICAL CONSULTANTS 6960 FLANDERS DRIVE - SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 92121-2974 PHONE 858 558-6900 - FAX 858 558-6159 PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 FIGURE 3 DATE 07-06-2000 6244AS2 / RSS RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA B 80'-i 70'- LU _J LU 60'- 50'-I PROPOSED FINISH GRADE 100 YEAR PONDED WATER LEVEL -GROUND SURFACE ••-:-'V.^ :•.•;.-/,-,:,; :v:::;.-,;o:v::7>^^:V-:vv^:V;--:vv^:r:;-:vv^:VvX-^>^ ALLUVIUM WATER TABLE LEVEL WILL VARY SEASONALLY T B1 -80' -70'm oz L50' SCALE : 1" = 10' (HORIZ. = VERT.) CROSS-SECTION B-B' GEOCON INCORPORATED GEOTECHNICAL CONSULTANTS 6960 FLANDERS DRIVE - SAN DIEGO, CALFORNIA 92121-2974 PHONE 858 558-6900 - FAX 858 558-6159 PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 FIGURE 4 DATE 07-06-2000 6244AS / RSS 20 16 O 12 UJ UJ UJ UJ 10 20 30 TOTAL HEIGHTS OF FILL (FEET) 50 GEOCON ®> INCORPORATED ^SKr GEOTECHNICAL CONSULTANTS 6960 FLANDERS DRIVE - SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 92121 - 2974 PHONE 858 558-6900 - FAX 858 558-6159 AS / RSS DSK/EOOOO MAGNITUDE SETTLEMENT CURVE RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA DATE 07-06-2000 PROJECT NO. 06244 - 12 - 01 FIG. 5 6422AS1 / RSS Project No. 06244-12-01 ASSUMED CONDITIONS: Slope Height Depth of Saturation Slope Inclination Slope Angle Unit Weight of Water Total Unit Weight of Soil Angle of Internal Friction Apparent Cohesion H = Infinite Z = 3 feet 2:1 (Horizontal:Vertical) i = 26.5 degrees yw = 62.4 pounds per cubic foot Yt = 130 pounds per cubic foot c|) = 25 degrees C = 250 pounds per square foot Slope saturated to vertical depth Z below slope face. Seepage forces parallel to slope face. ANALYSIS: ytZsm. icos i = 2.1 REFERENCES (1) Haefeli, R. lite Stability of Slopes Acted Upon by Parallel Seepage, Proc. Second International Conference, SMFE, Rotterdam, 1948, 1, 57-62. (2) Skempton, A. W., and F. A. Delory, Stability of Natural Slopes in London Clay, Proc. Fourth International Conference, SMFE, London, 1957,2,378-81. SURFICIAL SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS - FILL SLOPES DETENTION BASIN - RANCHO CARLSBAD CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA Figure 6 APPENDIX A FIELD INVESTIGATION The field investigation was performed on April 13 and 14, 2000, and consisted of the excavation of 6 small-diameter hollow-stem-auger borings. The approximate locations of the exploratory borings, except for Boring B-l, are shown on Figure 2, Geologic Map. Boring B-l was excavated approximately 50 feet west of the confluence of Agua Hedionda and Calaveras Creeks. The small-diameter borings were advanced to depths ranging from 26 to 51/4 feet below existing grade. Relatively undisturbed samples were obtained by driving a 3-inch outside-diameter, split-tube sampler into the "undisturbed" soil mass with blows from a 140-pound hammer falling a distance of 30 inches. The sampler was equipped with 1-inch- by 21/2-inch-diameter brass sample rings to facilitate sampling and laboratory testing. Standard Penetration Tests (SPT) were performed at selected intervals. SPT samples were obtained by driving a 2-inch split-tube sampler into the "undisturbed" soil mass with blows from a 140-pound hammer falling 30 inches. The soils encountered in the borings were visually examined, classified, and logged in general accordance with American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) practice for Description and Identification of Soils (Visual-Manual Procedure D 2844). Logs of the borings are presented as Figures A-l through A-10. The logs indicate the general soil types encountered, the depth at which samples were obtained and the laboratory determined in-place dry density and moisture content of selected samples. Project No. 06244-12-01 July 6, 2000 PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 DEPTH IN FEET U _ - 2 - - - 4 - - 6 - - 8 - - 10 - - 12 - - 14 - - 16 - - 18 - - 20 - - 22 - — - 24 - ~ — SAMPLE NO. Bl-1 Bl-2 Bl-3 Bl-4 Bl-5 Bl-6 // / ' / / •'_ / - cr z s // / // / ./ / // / / - ) 1 <1 / / / , / / • •'- - •X / // K.HI <T Q Oa:CD I SOIL CLASS (USCS) ML SP CL SP ML BORING B 1 ELEV. (MSL.) 37 DATE COMPLETED 4/13/00 EQUIPMENT CME 55 MATERIAL DESCRIPTION ALLUVIUM Soft, moist, moderate yellowish-brown, Clayey SILT/Silty CLAY, some fine sand -Groundwater at 3.5 feet Loose, wet/saturated, dark yellowish-brown, poorly graded, fine to medium SAND Stiff, wet to saturated, dark yellowish-brown, CLAY with fine to medium sand; caliche stringers Medium dense, wet, pale yellowish-brown, poorly graded fine to medium SAND SANTIAGO FORMATION Hard, moist, pale olive to grayish-green, SILT, trace fine sand BORING TERMINATED AT 26 FEET Sui^ ^C *^ \Q™ r*"* oj 0_^N^ _ " - - 8 - - 12 - - 28 - 8 "- — "82/11" >- \~tS*t, ft\ * gjj^ • o:~a 110.3 109.3 ~ III *^a:~ ?£ *-ou 18.9 20.1 Figure A-l, Log of Boring B 1 RCDB SAMPLE SYMBOLS D... SAMPLING UNSUCCESSFUL E . . . STANDARD PENETRATION TEST •... DRIVE SAMPLE (UNDISTURBED) ... DISTURBED OR BAG SAMPLE ... CHUNK SAMPLE Y. ... WATER TABLE OR SEEPAGE NOTE: THE LOG OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS SHOWN HEREON APPLIES ONLY AT THE SPECIFIC BORING OR TRENCH LOCATION AND AT THE DATE INDICATED. IT IS NOT WARRANTED TO BE REPRESENTATIVE OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS AT OTHER LOCATIONS AND TIMES. PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 DEPTH IN FEET U - 2 - - - 4 - - 6 - - 8 - 1U - 12 - - 14 - - 16 - - 18 - - 20 - - 22 - 24 - 26 - - 28 - SAMPLE NO. B2-1 1 B2-2 I 1 B2-3 B2-4 B2-5 1 CDo O t—H_J - . - - . • . %? \fy '$A-$ •-. --j :•]•. ";•-}" ::j- - {-i- - -|. .% ^ a: ^p-i i 0 g ^ SOIL CLASS (USCS) ML CL-SM SP-SM CL BORING B 2 ELEV. (MSL.) 60 DATE COMPLETED 4/13/00 EQUIPMENT CME 55 MATERIAL DESCRIPTION ALLUVIUM Firm, dry to damp, dark yellowish-brown, Sandy SILT Firm, damp, very pale orange and grayish-orange CLAY, alternating with Silty SAND and Sandy SILT -Groundwater table at 8.5 feet Medium dense, wet/saturated, grayish-orange, poorly graded, slightly Silty, fine to medium SAND -Runs up inside augers Very firm, wet to saturated, pale and dark yellowish-brown and light olive-gray CLAY, some fine sand ZlU~Si CJ i *t 2T| Sfcco ijj'~'o Lu^oQ- ^ 16 30 35 34 26 >- ^™^NJ"J * 211- h>J ^ ^ ft_ S^ 113.9 115.9 * ^L|ftr*^^ SzHygg U 16.7 17.9 Figure A-2, Log of Boring B 2 RCDB SAMPLE SYMBOLS HI... SAMPLING UNSUCCESSFUL E... STANDARD PENETRATION TEST •... DRIVE SAMPLE (UNDISTURBED) ... DISTURBED OR BAG SAMPLE EU . . . CHUNK SAMPLE Z ... WATER TABLE OR SEEPAGE NOTE: THE LOG OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS SHOWN HEREON APPLIES ONLY AT THE SPECIFIC BORING OR TRENCH LOCATION AND AT THE DATE INDICATED. IT IS NOT WARRANTED TO BE REPRESENTATIVE OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS AT OTHER LOCATIONS AND TIMES. PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 DEPTH IN FEET • 30 - 32 - - - 34 - - 36 - - _ -30 _ SAMPLE NO. B2-6 B2-7 LITHOLOGY//^//// /// y///,H// / / / / / /GROUNDUATER ISOIL CLASS (USCS) CL CL BORING B 2 ELEV. (MSL.) 60 DATE COMPLETED 4/13/00 EQUIPMENT CME 55 MATERIAL DESCRIPTION ALLUVIUM (Cont.) Very stiff, wet, light olive-gray, moderate yellowish-brown and yellowish-gray CLAY, with laminae of Sandy CLAY SANTIAGO FORMATION Hard, damp, mottled pale olive and light olive-brown, CLAY -Refusal ^ BORING TERMINATED AT 38 FEET PENETRATIONRESISTANCE(BLOWS/FT.)29 — - - 50 -DRY DENSITY(P.C.F.)101.1 MOISTURECONTENT (X)25.5 Figure A-3, Log of Boring B 2 RCDB SAMPLE SYMBOLS D ... SAMPLING UNSUCCESSFUL §1 ... DISTURBED OR BAG SAMPLE B . . . STANDARD PENETRATION TEST • ... DRIVE SAMPLE (UNDISTURBED) B ... CHUNK SAMPLE f. ... WATER TABLE OR SEEPAGE NOTE: THE LOG OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS SHOWN HEREON APPLIES ONLY AT THE SPECIFIC BORING OR TRENCH LOCATION AND AT THE DATE INDICATED. IT IS NOT WARRANTED TO BE REPRESENTATIVE OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS AT OTHER LOCATIONS AND TIMES. PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 DEPTH IN FEET - 2 - - 4 - — - 6 - - 8 - - - 10 - - - 12 - - 14 - - 16 - - 18 - - - 20 - - 22 - -, - 24 - - - 26 -_ - 28 - SAMPLE NO. B3-1 B3-2 B3-3 B3-4 B3-5 >-CDo O (— H_l ^ ) } <J ( / ) J )/\/y /i/vA/yMsM/'Yy'YYM/'YY\ :1. :-.;- •ij..-. • -' - . " o:LUi— 3a oa:CD <! \ ((/ ^} (i (iii yyy \- ( ( SOIL CLASS (USCS) ML CL SM ML SP BORING B 3 ELEV. (MSL.) 67 DATE COMPLETED 4/13/00 EQUIPMENT CME 55 MATERIAL DESCRIPTION ALLUVIUM Very stiff, damp, dark yellowish-brown SILT, some fine to medium sand -Groundwater table at 9 feet -6" thick Silty SAND Firm, damp, pale to dark yellowish-brown Silty CLAY, with fine sand Medium dense, moist to wet, dark yellowish-brown, Silty, fine SAND Firm, damp, dark yellowish-brown SILT Medium dense, moist to wet, pale yellowish-brown, poorly graded SAND z /-*oW • In Ho u^cdQ. ^ 18 5 18 8 - 2^ ^,i—^ |u g~ 113.6 106 4 ^ luSCK = 1-cogj ^^ ^»^~ 1^o 18.7 21 4 Figure A-4, Log of Boring B 3 RCDB SAMPLE SYMBOLS D... SAMPLING UNSUCCESSFUL D ... STANDARD PENETRATION TEST I... DRIVE SAMPLE (UNDISTURBED) H ... DISTURBED OR BAG SAMPLE B ... CHUNK SAMPLE I ... WATER TABLE OR SEEPAGE NOTE: THE LOG OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS SHOWN HEREON APPLIES ONLY AT THE SPECIFIC BORING OR TRENCH LOCATION AND AT THE DATE INDICATED. IT IS NOT WARRANTED TO BE REPRESENTATIVE OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS AT OTHER LOCATIONS AND TIMES. PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 DEPTH IN FEET 30 - 32 - _ _ - 34 - - — - 36 - - 38 - - 40 - - 42 - - 44 - - - 46 - - - 48 - - 50 - SAMPLE NO. B3-6 B3-7 B3-8 B3-9 B3-10 >-cso o H_1 - - " „ /t/j/F/yyv/y/y xi/T/T/ x/% /j/j/y /yVy W/W//\A/\/W/W(X,' Yy //vyyA/Vy W W AAA, // s -/ '/ '//- / //- a: <r a oa: SOIL CLASS (USCS) SP CL CL/SC If* y*VT^ YTk. T^""1 T* ^BOREVG B 3 ELEV. (MSL.) 67 DATE COMPLETED 4/13/00 EQUIPMENT CME 55 MATERIAL DESCRIPTION ALLUVIUM (Cont.) r> Medium dense, wet, pale to moderate /l t yellowish-brown, poorly graded SAND ' Very stiff, damp, pale to moderate yellowish-brown, Silty CLAY, some fine sand -Mottled dark yellowish-orange -Yellowish-gray to light olive-gray SANTIAGO FORMATION Hard, damp, yellowish-gray to light olive-gray, Sandy CLAY/Clayey SAND BORING TERMINATED AT 51.5 FEET GROUNDWATER ENCOUNTERED AT 9 FEET Z s*- go,.!!&jS UjHo LUJJJCQ 13 - _ ~ 19 " - 19 - 43 - - ~26/9" j_ h- ^ tn * gjj ™~ • ^__CL 0£~^O 112.5 ^uj^53,_ HiiiEg CJ 19.5 - Figure A-5, Log of Boring B 3 RCDB SAMPLE SYMBOLS D... SAMPLING UNSUCCESSFUL C... STANDARD PENETRATION TEST I... DRIVE SAMPLE (UNDISTURBED) [Si ... DISTURBED OR BAG SAMPLE B ... CHUNK SAMPLE f. ... WATER TABLE OR SEEPAGE NOTE: THE LOG OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS SHOWN HEREON APPLIES ONLY AT THE SPECIFIC BORING OR TRENCH LOCATION AND AT THE DATE INDICATED. IT IS NOT WARRANTED TO BE REPRESENTATIVE OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS AT OTHER LOCATIONS AND TIMES. PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 DEPTH IN FEET U - 2 - - 4 - 6 - 8 - - 10 - - 12 - 14 - 16 - - 18 - - 20 - - 22 - - 24 - - - 26 -1 SAMPLE NO. B4-1 B4-2 B4-3 B4-4 B4-5 - - -' - - • ti \\//// ii(- i H ' \ N • - - -I ] j - 1 H%1I$ 11 -11 1 •r . . - 1- '1.r.-fl%i %.%i/\< ffLUt—<T a Oce CD T SOIL CLASS (USCS) SM ML SM CL ML/CL BORING B 4 ELEV. (MSL.) 69 DATE COMPLETED 4/13/00 EQUIPMENT CME 55 MATERIAL DESCRIPTION ALLUVIUM Loose, wet, light olive-gray to dark yellowish-brown,Silty, fine to medium SAND Becomes soft, Sandy SILT, dark yellowish-brown -Groundwater table at 1 1 feet Loose, saturated, dark yellowish-brown, Silty SAND -Clay at tip SANTIAGO FORMATION Hard, moist, light greenish-gray, Sandy CLAYSTONE Hard, moist, light greenish-gray, very thinly bedded to laminated SILT/CLAYSTONE, with sand in places BORING TERMINATED AT 26.5 FEET z ^>O(j • Ilk ^ H4rt u^mQ. ^ - 5 — - 19 - 11 — 35 - - 32 - ^. k~ fc "^ • ^ ^_ a 114.2 1 1| ^ wgj Eou 19.5 Figure A-6, Log of Boring B 4 RCDB SAMPLE SYMBOLS D... SAMPLING UNSUCCESSFUL E ... STANDARD PENETRATION TEST H ... DISTURBED OR BAG SAMPLE B ... CHUNK SAMPLE ... DRIVE SAMPLE (UNDISTURBED) ... WATER TABLE OR SEEPAGE NOTE: THE LOG OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS SHOWN HEREON APPLIES ONLY AT THE SPECIFIC BORING OR TRENCH LOCATION AND AT THE DATE INDICATED. IT IS NOT WARRANTED TO BE REPRESENTATIVE OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS AT OTHER LOCATIONS AND TIMES. PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 DEPTH IN FEET A —U - 2 - - 4 - - - 6 - - - 8 - - 10 - - 12 - 14 - 16 - - 18 - - 20 - _ - 22 - - 24 - - 26 - - SAMPLE NO. B5-1 B5-2 B5-3 B5-4 B5-5 >-COo O 1—Hi " 1 " "I ri :l}'l" 4 "" . I-•i j- ! '\]\}i. J:}-i- ;•)]-[• m§••'/vVvA/yV/yVy/yvy<i% X/i-L/r ytyT ir ~y i/l y/i t/[t/l -y A- l/l"X- ',-/f / %. • ryLUi—<r Q iorv CO T SOIL CLASS (USCS) SM CL VIL/CL SM SM BORING B 5 ELEV. (MSL.) 65 DATE COMPLETED 4/14/00 EQUIPMENT CME 55 MATERIAL DESCRIPTION ALLUVIUM Medium dense, damp, moderate yellowish-brown, Silty, fine to medium SAND -Silt, 6" thick Stiff, saturated, dark yellowish-brown, Sandy CLAY -Groundwater table at 1 1 feet Becomes stiff, saturated, dark yellowish-brown SILT/CLAY, some fine sand Becomes firm, saturated, grayish-orange to moderate yellowish-brown Silty, Clayey SAND with fine SAND, laminated in places Medium dense, saturated, grayish-brown -Becomes Clayey SAND SANTIAGO FORMATION Z s*Ro.*M^h- ^C *^ \Q£ //* WJ u^mQ- ^ _ - 15 - - 15 _ - 15 - 8 — — 30 - - ^i— /^ iH^ «Q_ a 113.3 110.0 /•N fc*HrH ^~ ^^u 20.2 20.3 Figure A-7, Log of Boring B 5 RCDB SAMPLE SYMBOLS D ... SAMPLING UNSUCCESSFUL H ... DISTURBED OR BAG SAMPLE C ... STANDARD PENETRATION TEST • ... DRIVE SAMPLE (UNDISTURBED) B ... CHUNK SAMPLE 3E ... WATER TABLE OR SEEPAGE NOTE: THE LOG OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS SHOWN HEREON APPLIES ONLY AT THE SPECIFIC BORING OR TRENCH LOCATION AND AT THE DATE INDICATED. IT IS NOT WARRANTED TO BE REPRESENTATIVE OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS AT OTHER LOCATIONS AND TIMES. PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 DEPTH IN FEET - 30 - 32 - - - 34 - - 36 - SAMPLE NO. BS-6 1 J LITHOL06Ym,Y/MWJb. •» pfM GROUNDUATERSOIL CLASS (USCS) CL BORING B 5 ELEV. (MSL.) 65 DATE COMPLETED 4/14/00 EQUIPMENT CME 55 MATERIAL DESCRIPTION SANTIAGO FORMATION Hard, moist, yellowish-gray to very pale orange Sandy CLAYSTONE -Becomes gravelly -Difficulty drilling from 30-35 feet BORING TERMINATED AT 36 FEET PENETRATIONRESISTANCE(BLOWS/FT.)34 - - - 68/11" kgot MOISTURECONTENT OC>«. Figure A-8, Log of Boring B 5 RCDB SAMPLE SYMBOLS D ... SAMPLING UNSUCCESSFUL B ... STANDARD PENETRATION TEST • ... DRIVE SAMPLE (UNDISTURBED) H ... DISTURBED OR BAG SAMPLE B ... CHUNK SAMPLE f. ... WATER TABLE OR SEEPAGE NOTE: THE LOG OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS SHOWN HEREON APPLIES ONLY AT THE SPECIFIC BORING OR TRENCH LOCATION AND AT THE DATE INDICATED. IT IS NOT WARRANTED TO BE REPRESENTATIVE OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS AT OTHER LOCATIONS AND TIMES. PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 DEPTH IN FEET f\0 - 2 - - 4 - - 6 - 8 - - - 10 - - 12 - - 14 - - 16 - 18 - - 20 - - 22 - _ - 24 _ - 26 - - - 28 - SAMPLE NO. B6-1 1 B6-2 I B6-3 B6-4 1 B6-5 >- o o H_1 •Vh\ \--\\-\\-\ i /i- 1/• j/T • .'\A •A i/ r A \A '/ I:}i .:i-[; 1-1•y\. ]]: n•b'\\. - - - %/i/T/AA/AA/AA/A\A/A// • • Y/\Y Y Y• - - • t t- ?/ Y, (KLU <T a oa:CD = SOIL CLASS (USCS) SM ML/CL SM/ML SM SP ML-CL BORING B 6 ELEV. (MSL.) 60 DATE COMPLETED 4/14/00 EQUIPMENT CME 55 MATERIAL DESCRIPTION ALLUVIUM Loose, damp, pale yellowish-brown, Silty, fine to medium SAND Firm to stiff, moist, dark yellowish-brown SILT/CLAY, with fine sand -Groundwater table at 8 feet Stiff/medium dense, moist to wet, pale yellowish-brown, Silty SAND/Sandy SILT -6" thick, plastic clay Loose, saturated, moderate yellowish-brown, Silty, fine to medium SAND -Becomes medium dense Medium dense, wet, moderate yellowish-brown, poorly graded, fine to medium SAND SANTIAGO FORMATION Very stiff, moist, light olive-gray, SILT/CLAY, some fine sand Z f^O f* • ^C •* \Q£ tin WJ j"T |_ ji* LjJ JW ^Q tL ^ - 7 11 5 24 14 g ^t—^ tn * gjjj O ^>i 109.7 ^^ iij-*ty l_^ M|^| gg U 21.0 Figure A-9, Log of Boring B 6 RCDB SAMPLE SYMBOLS D ... SAMPLING UNSUCCESSFUL E ... STANDARD PENETRATION TEST • ... DRIVE SAMPLE (UNDISTURBED) ... DISTURBED OR BAG SAMPLE ... CHUNK SAMPLE JL ... WATER TABLE OR SEEPAGE NOTE: THE LOG OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS SHOWN HEREON APPLIES ONLY AT THE SPECIFIC BORING OR TRENCH LOCATION AND AT THE DATE INDICATED. IT IS NOT WARRANTED TO BE REPRESENTATIVE OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS AT OTHER LOCATIONS AND TIMES. PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 DEPTH IN FEET 30 - 32 - 34 SAMPLE NO. CDo o H_1 B6-6 |||P[HH B6-7 I y$M w/%, a:HI <r 3 CD SOIL CLASS (USCS) VIL-CL BORING B 6 ELEV. (MSL.) 60 DATE COMPLETED 4/14/00 EQUIPMENT CME 55 MATERIAL DESCRIPTION SANTIAGO FORMATION (Cont.) Becomes hard, moist, light olive-gray, Silty CLAYSTONE BORING TERMINATED AT 34 FEET iu~ i| |£s 24 ~50/5" > ^^^% gj !~ 111.7 ~ ^J0£. |l °| CJ 18.6 Figure A-10, Log of Boring B 6 RCDB SAMPLE SYMBOLS D... SAMPLING UNSUCCESSFUL C... STANDARD PENETRATION TEST I... DRIVE SAMPLE (UNDISTURBED) ® ... DISTURBED OR BAG SAMPLE B ... CHUNK SAMPLE f. ... WATER TABLE OR SEEPAGE NOTE: THE LOG OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS SHOWN HEREON APPLIES ONLY AT THE SPECIFIC BORING OR TRENCH LOCATION AND AT THE DATE INDICATED. IT IS NOT WARRANTED TO BE REPRESENTATIVE OF SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS AT OTHER LOCATIONS AND TIMES. APPENDIX B LABORATORY TESTING Laboratory tests were performed in general accordance with test methods of the American Society For Testing and Materials (ASTM) or other suggested procedures. Selected samples were tested for their in-place dry density, moisture content, shear strength, consolidation, compaction and gradation. The results of our laboratory tests are presented in tabular and graphical forms hereinafter. The in-place dry density and moisture content characteristics are presented on the logs of the exploratory borings. TABLE B-l SUMMARY OF DIRECT SHEAR TEST RESULTS Sample No. Bl-2 B6-2 Dry Density (pcf) 112.4 109.7 Moisture Content (%) 18.1 21.0 Unit Cohesion (psf) 60 1050 Angle of Shear Resistance (degrees) 42 10 TABLE B-ll SUMMARY OF LABORATORY MAXIMUM DRY DENSITY AND OPTIMUM MOISTURE CONTENT TEST RESULTS ASTM D 1557-91 Sample No. Bl-1 Description Yellowish brown, Clayey SAND Maximum Dry Density (pcf) 128.1 Optimum Moisture Content (% dry wt.) 8.6 Project No. 06244-12-01 July 6, 2000 PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 3 80 I 7R5 70 HUJ CQ uj 50 HU_ £ 40 uj 30 20 10 0 III . A GRAVEL COARSE FINE 1-1/2" 3/4" 3/8' 1 SAND :OARSE 4 f-^|l MEDIUM FINE SILT OR CLAY U. S. STANDARD SffiVE SIZE 16 30 500 | 20 40 60 100 200 N: ^^ 4. ^ S S •« A •• S \^ •4 V X \ ^B i\ \\> i -x v\ \V '! 1 . 'v h ^v. \s\, ^S >k •v x^^x^>! 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001 GRAIN SIZE IN MILLIMETERS SAMPLE B2-3 B3-2 B3-4 Depth (ft) 15.0 10.0 20.0 CLASSD7ICATION (SP-SM) Grayish-orange, slightly Silty SAND (CL) Yellowish-brown Silty CLAY (SM) Yellowish-brown, Silty SAND »JATWC LL PL PI GRADATION CURVE RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA RCDB Figure B-l PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 3 100 on7<O 80 I 70 H111: ™CD | 50 HU. H 40 LU g 30 20 10 0 GRAVEL COARSE FINE ' 1-1/2" 3/4" 3/£"r-5*^' SAND COARSE 4 fl am fl MEDIUM FINE SILT OR CLAY U. S. STANDARD SDZVE SIZE 16 30 503 20 40 60 100 200 ^1s ^i^r iitS ^^ Ls' i k Vs \ ; \ i; \ 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001 GRAIN SIZE IN MILLIMETERS •IX A SAMPLE B3-8 B5-2 B5-4 Depth (ft) 40.0 10.0 20.0 CLASSIFICATION (CL) Yellowish-brown, Silty CLAY (CL) Yellowish-brown, Sandy CLAY (SM) Grayish-brown, Silty SAND *ATWC LL PL PI GRADATION CURVE RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA RCDB Figure B-2 PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 PERCENT CONSOLIDATION®rv> Qcoo)*.rosw*»SAMPLE NO. B2-2 » ^.•• •—•^•^•«• i t i ••• ^ta •« «« *» ^ •H ^ "I ta \ "— ' X *• .. N "« -» x ~~- s ^ta s•VMa*i 1 1 10 100 APPLIED PRESSURE (ksf) Initial Dry Density (pcf) Initial Water Content (%) 113.9 16.7 Initial Saturation (%) Sample Saturated at (ksf) 96.8 .5 CONSOLIDATION CURVE RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA RCDB Figure B-3 PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 PERCENT CONSOLIDATION^ i_t ii<s>ro ocoo>-p»ruQru*>SAMPLE NO. B2-5 *^ "^•^1 1 ^m ^ ^-i ••• ^ ••••• *i •N \1 ^-^ ^, * N i*^*« \ •**, S ••. L\ •«,^1 1 1 10 100 APPLIED PRESSURE (ksf) Initial Dry Density (pcf) Initial Water Content (%) 115.9 17.9 Initial Saturation (%) Sample Saturated at (ksf) 100+ .5 CONSOLIDATION CURVE RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA RCDB Figure B-4 PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 PERCENT CONSOLIDATIONi_> >-> iiroscoo)*»ruoro*»SAMPLE NO. B3-3 •^-— .*--». — — .-4 I **i — . ^ ••• *• •*• •« *« "1 ^ "^N ---^ N \ •*-. \ •••• s **^*^,V1 0.1 1 10 100 APPLIED PRESSURE (ksf) Initial Dry Density (pcf) Initial Water Content (%) 113.6 18.7 Initial Saturation (%) Sample Saturated at (ksf) 100+ .5 CONSOLIDATION CURVE RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA•w RCDB Figure B-5 PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 SAMPLE NO. B3-7 PERCENT CONSOLIDATION10 100 APPLIED PRESSURE (ksf) Initial Dry Density (pcf) Initial Water Content (%) 112.5 19.5 Initial Saturation (%) Sample Saturated at (ksf) 100+ .5 CONSOLIDATION CURVE RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALD7ORNIA RCDB Figure B-6 PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 <Ea otn ou LUCJce UJa. SAMPLE NO. B4-2 -4 -2 0 6 10 10 APPLIED PRESSURE (ksf) Initial Dry Density (pcf) Initial Water Content (%) 114.2 19.5 Initial Saturation (%) Sample Saturated at (ksf) 100 100+ .5 CONSOLIDATION CURVE RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA RCDB Figure B-7 PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 oen I LUUce UJ0. SAMPLE NO. B5-3 -4 -2 8 10 120.1 \ 10 APPLIED PRESSURE (ksf) Initial Dry Density (pcf) Initial Water Content (%) 113.3 20.2 Initial Saturation (%) Sample Saturated at (ksf) L00 100+ .5 CONSOLIDATION CURVE RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA RCDB Figure B-8 I i i Sample B2-2 (TR 4000) -2750 -2850 10 Square Root Time (min) TIME RATE GRAPH RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA GEOCONIMOOBTOBATMD • PROJECT NO.IDATEOT-oeaxx 06244 -12 - 016«o FUH»J MM - UN MOO. cuKMk na-»»IHCMI5155HK» • FAX in UMW SHEET 1 OF 7 lB-9 I i I I 1 Sample B2-5 (TR 4000) -2650 o>c'•5 8 -2700 -2750 Square Root Time (min) TIME RATE GRAPH RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA GEOCON i"o7-06-200C 06244 -12 - 01 SHEET 2 OF 7 B-10 I i I i I I II Sample B3-3 (TR 2000) -2400 -2500 4 6 Square Root Time (min) 10 TIME RATE GRAPH RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA GEOCON IMOO*»0»AT»B IDATE 07-06-2 06244 -12 - 01 - UM OKO. CUMMH naiint 1B-11 I i i i I i I I i I i i i t Sample B3-3 (TR 4000) -2450 -2500 D)C ra 5 -2550 -2600 10 Square Root Time (min) TIME RATE GRAPH RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA GEOCON 1HOO»FO»AT»D 1*07-06-2000 • PROJECT* 06244-12-01 \fauK I CUCCT A r»c t 1B-12 Sample B3-7 (TR 4000) -1275 -1375 10 Square Root Time (min) TIME RATE GRAPH RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA GBOCON I°07-O6-2000 06244 - 12 - 01 -13 Sample B4-2 (TR 2000) -1750 -1850 4 6 Square Root Time (min) 10 TIME RATE GRAPH RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA GEOCON IDATE 07-06-200O 06244 -12 - 01 FIGURE 14 i I Sample B5-3 (TR 4000) -1700 -1750 D)C Bra0)o: "n 5 -1800 -1850 10 Square Root Time (min) TIME RATE GRAPH RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION CARLSBAD/CALIFORNIA GEOCON AIHOOBFOKATaD ^^ ««0 HAtOU DM • UN MOO. OintMt MU1-H74moMut amm • MX «» «M» BASIN "" 107-06-2000 P""CTNO 06244 SHEET? OF 7 -12-01 FKM" B-16 APPENDIX C SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSES Slope stability analyses for the proposed detention basin embankments were performed utilizing the SLOPE/W computer program. The critical cross-section was determined for the embankment slope and analyzed under static, seismic, and rapid drawdown conditions (upstream slopes). In determining embankment stability, it is assumed that the remedial grading recommended herein will be accomplished. Cross-sections were based on the referenced plans provided (Figure 2) and data obtained during the field investigation. The critical cross-section utilized in the analyses is depicted as Figure 4 Cross- Section B-B'. Soil parameters were developed from data collected during the field investigation and from the laboratory testing. The water levels were set at the design elevations given on the referenced grading exhibit. Analyses were performed for the upstream and downstream slope for static conditions and with a seismic load generated from a bedrock acceleration of 0.15g. The upstream slope was analyzed under rapid drawdown conditions. The cross-sections analyzed and the analyses results are graphically depicted on Figures C-l through C-5. Project No. 06244-12-01 July 6, 2000 i i I i CO _o 0 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 •2.333 Rancho Carlsbad Detention Basin downsteam slope static Ts -10-4 2 8 142026323844505662687480869298104 distance(ft) SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA GEOCON GKHKIMCAL OCNUUHnmo tumaa MM • UK woo.ma* isi sswai. FAX in UMW 107-06-2000 "agc™a 06244-12-01 I""8 |C-1RHFFT 1 DF 5 I i i i till f 03 jy CD 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 1.637 Ranchp Carlsbad Detention Basin downsteam slope seismic loading Ts -10-4 2 8 142026323844505662687480869298104 distance(ft) SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA GEOCON iPftOJECT NO.06244 »w nuccu MM - SAN Moo. cufotMk ma -tnt 07-06-2000 -12-01 I"5"*lr.9 I i t 1 I I 1 100 90 Ranchp Carlsbad Detention Basin upstream slope static -10-4 2 8 142026323844505662687480869298104 distance(ft) SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA GEOCONIMP oapomAT»B IDATE 07-06-2 06244-12-01 |F1GURE lC-3 fill c 03 _0) CD 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Ranchp Carlsbad Detention Basin upstream slope seismic loading Ts -10-4 2 8 142026323844505662687480869298104 distance(ft) SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA GEOCON I SCALE io7-06-2000 IP^CTMO Q6344.12.Q1 |»a«E I „ C-4 I i I I f I 1 I i I i I: 1 I I I i 1 I J I I I l 03 0) CD 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0 Ranchp Carlsbad Detention Basin upstream slope Rapid Drawdown Ts -10-4 2 8 142026323844505662687480869298104 distance(ft) SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS RANCHO CARLSBAD DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA GEOCON 10ATE _07-06-2QOQ 06244-12-01 r monANniNM-uMMaoiouicMtnBi-im •IHQMiSil»MOa.FAXU>S9Mm I CUCCT c n=C-5 ^t^lfi^^^!lj^'?>*"|^ APPENDIX D RECOMMENDED GRADING SPECIFICATIONS FOR RANCHO CARLSBAD—DETENTION BASIN CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA PROJECT NO. 06244-12-01 RECOMMENDED GRADING SPECIFICATIONS 1. GENERAL 1.1. These Recommended Grading Specifications shall be used in conjunction with the Geotechnical Report for the project prepared by Geocon Incorporated. The recom- mendations contained in the text of the Geotechnical Report are a part of the earthwork and grading specifications and shall supersede the provisions contained hereinafter in the case of conflict. 1.2. Prior to the commencement of grading, a geotechnical consultant (Consultant) shall be employed for the purpose of observing earthwork procedures and testing the fills for substantial conformance with the recommendations of the Geotechnical Report and these specifications. It will be necessary that the Consultant provide adequate testing and observation services so that he may determine that, in his opinion, the work was performed in substantial conformance with these specifications. It shall be the responsibility of the Contractor to assist the Consultant and keep him apprised of work schedules and changes so that personnel may be scheduled accordingly. 1.3. It shall be the sole responsibility of the Contractor to provide adequate equipment and methods to accomplish the work in accordance with applicable grading codes or agency ordinances, these specifications and the approved grading plans. If, in the opinion of the Consultant, unsatisfactory conditions such as questionable soil materials, poor moisture condition, inadequate compaction, adverse weather, and so forth, result in a quality of work not in conformance with these specifications, the Consultant will be empowered to reject the work and recommend to the Owner that construction be stopped until the unacceptable conditions are corrected. 2. DEFINITIONS 2.1. Owner shall refer to the owner of the property or the entity on whose behalf the grading work is being performed and who has contracted with the Contractor to have grading performed. 2.2. Contractor shall refer to the Contractor performing the site grading work. 2.3. Civil Engineer or Engineer of Work shall refer to the California licensed Civil Engineer or consulting firm responsible for preparation of the grading plans, surveying and verifying as-graded topography. GI rev. 8/98 2.4. Consultant shall refer to the soil engineering and engineering geology consulting firm retained to provide geotechnical services for the project. 2.5. Soil Engineer shall refer to a California licensed Civil Engineer retained by the Owner, who is experienced in the practice of geotechnical engineering. The Soil Engineer shall be responsible for having qualified representatives on-site to observe and test the Contractor's work for conformance with these specifications. 2.6. Engineering Geologist shall refer to a California licensed Engineering Geologist retained by the Owner to provide geologic observations and recommendations during the site grading. 2.7. Geotechnical Report shall refer to a soil report (including all addenda) which may include a geologic reconnaissance or geologic investigation that was prepared specifically for the development of the project for which these Recommended Grading Specifications are intended to apply. 3. MATERIALS 3.1. Materials for compacted fill shall consist of any soil excavated from the cut areas or imported to the site that, in the opinion of the Consultant, is suitable for use in construction of fills. In general, fill materials can be classified as soil fills, soil-rock fills or rock fills, as defined below. 3.1.1. Soil fills are defined as fills containing no rocks or hard lumps greater than 12 inches in maximum dimension and containing at least 40 percent by weight of material smaller than 3/4 inch in size. 3.1.2. Soil-rock fills are defined as fills containing no rocks or hard lumps larger than 4 feet in maximum dimension and containing a sufficient matrix of soil fill to allow for proper compaction of soil fill around the rock fragments or hard lumps as specified in Paragraph 6.2. Oversize rock is defined as material greater than 12 inches. 3.1.3. Rock fills are defined as fills containing no rocks or hard lumps larger than 3 feet in maximum dimension and containing little or no fines. Fines are defined as material smaller than 3/4 inch in maximum dimension. The quantity of fines shall be less than approximately 20 percent of the rock fill quantity. GI rev. 8/98 3.2. Material of a perishable, spongy, or otherwise unsuitable nature as determined by the Consultant shall not be used in fills. 3.3. Materials used for fill, either imported or on-site, shall not contain hazardous materials as defined by the California Code of Regulations, Title 22, Division 4, Chapter 30, Articles 9 and 10; 40CFR; and any other applicable local, state or federal laws. The Consultant shall not be responsible for the identification or analysis of the potential presence of hazardous materials. However, if observations, odors or soil discoloration cause Consultant to suspect the presence of hazardous materials, the Consultant may request from the Owner the termination of grading operations within the affected area. Prior to resuming grading operations, the Owner shall provide a written report to the Consultant indicating that the suspected materials are not hazardous as defined by applicable laws and regulations. 3.4. The outer 15 feet of soil-rock fill slopes, measured horizontally, should be composed of properly compacted soil fill materials approved by the Consultant. Rock fill may extend to the slope face, provided that the slope is not steeper than 2:1 (horizontahvertical) and a soil layer no thicker than 12 inches is track-walked onto the face for landscaping purposes. This procedure may be utilized, provided it is acceptable to the governing agency, Owner and Consultant. 3.5. Representative samples of soil materials to be used for fill shall be tested in the laboratory by the Consultant to determine the maximum density, optimum moisture content, and, where appropriate, shear strength, expansion, and gradation characteristics of the soil. 3.6. During grading, soil or groundwater conditions other than those identified in the Geotechnical Report may be encountered by the Contractor. The Consultant shall be notified immediately to evaluate the significance of the unanticipated condition 4. CLEARING AND PREPARING AREAS TO BE FILLED 4.1. Areas to be excavated and filled shall be cleared and grubbed. Clearing shall consist of complete removal above the ground surface of trees, stumps, brush, vegetation, man-made structures and similar debris. Grubbing shall consist of removal of stumps, roots, buried logs and other unsuitable material and shall be performed in areas to be graded. Roots and other projections exceeding 1-1/2 inches in diameter shall be removed to a depth of 3 feet below the surface of the ground. Borrow areas shall be grubbed to the extent necessary to provide suitable fill materials. GI rev. 8/98 4.2. Any asphalt pavement material removed during clearing operations should be properly disposed at an approved off-site facility. Concrete fragments which are free of reinforcing steel may be placed in fills, provided they are placed in accordance with Section 6.2 or 6.3 of this document. 4.3. After clearing and grubbing of organic matter or other unsuitable material, loose or porous soils shall be removed to the depth recommended in the Geotechnical Report. The depth of removal and compaction shall be observed and approved by a representative of the Consultant. The exposed surface shall then be plowed or scarified to a minimum depth of 6 inches and until the surface is free from uneven features that would tend to prevent uniform compaction by the equipment to be used. 4.4. Where the slope ratio of the original ground is steeper than 6:1 (horizontal:vertical), or where recommended by the Consultant, the original ground should be benched in accordance with the following illustration. TYPICAL BENCHING DETAIL Finish Grade Original Ground Finish Slope Surface Remove All Unsuitable Material As Recommended By Soil Engineer Slope To Be Such That Sloughing Or Sliding Does Not Occur Varies "B" SeeNoteT See Note 2- DETAIL NOTES:(1) Key width "B" should be a minimum of 10 feet wide, or sufficiently wide to permit complete coverage with the compaction equipment used. The base of the key should be graded horizontal, or inclined slightly into the natural slope. (2) The outside of the bottom key should be below the topsoil or unsuitable surficial material and at least 2 feet into dense formational material. Where hard rock is exposed in the bottom of the key, the depth and configuration of the key may be modified as approved by the Consultant. GI rev. 8/98 4.5. After areas to receive fill have been cleared, plowed or scarified, the surface should be disced or bladed by the Contractor until it is uniform and free from large clods. The area should then be moisture conditioned to achieve the proper moisture content, and compacted as recommended in Section 6.0 of these specifications. 5. COMPACTION EQUIPMENT 5.1. Compaction of soil or soil-rock fill shall be accomplished by sheepsfoot or segmented-steel wheeled rollers, vibratory rollers, multiple-wheel pneumatic-tired rollers, or other types of acceptable compaction equipment. Equipment shall be of such a design that it will be capable of compacting the soil or soil-rock fill to the specified relative compaction at the specified moisture content. 5.2. Compaction of rock fills shall be performed in accordance with Section 6.3. 6. PLACING, SPREADING AND COMPACTION OF FILL MATERIAL 6.1. Soil fill, as defined in Paragraph 3.1.1, shall be placed by the Contractor in accordance with the following recommendations: 6.1.1. Soil fill shall be placed by the Contractor in layers that, when compacted, should generally not exceed 8 inches. Each layer shall be spread evenly and shall be thoroughly mixed during spreading to obtain uniformity of material and moisture in each layer. The entire fill shall be constructed as a unit in nearly level lifts. Rock materials greater than 12 inches in maximum dimension shall be placed in accordance with Section 6.2 or 6.3 of these specifications. 6.1.2. In general, the soil fill shall be compacted at a moisture content at or above the optimum moisture content as determined by ASTM D1557-91. 6.1.3. When the moisture content of soil fill is below that specified by the Consultant, water shall be added by the Contractor until the moisture content is in the range specified. 6.1.4. When the moisture content of the soil fill is above the range specified by the Consultant or too wet to achieve proper compaction, the soil fill shall be aerated by the Contractor by blading/mixing, or other satisfactory methods until the moisture content is within the range specified. GI rev. 8/98 6.1.5. After each layer has been placed, mixed, and spread evenly, it shall be thoroughly compacted by the Contractor to a relative compaction of at least 90 percent. Relative compaction is defined as the ratio (expressed in percent) of the in-place dry density of the compacted fill to die maximum laboratory dry density as determined in accordance with ASTM Dl557-91. Compaction shall be continuous over the entire area, and compaction equipment shall make sufficient passes so that the specified minimum relative compaction has been achieved throughout the entire fill. 6.1.6. Soils having an Expansion Index of greater than 50 may be used in fills if placed at least 3 feet below finish pad grade and should be compacted at a moisture content generally 2 to 4 percent greater than the optimum moisture content for the material. 6.1.7. Properly compacted soil fill shall extend to the design surface of fill slopes. To achieve proper compaction, it is recommended that fill slopes be over-built by at least 3 feet and then cut to the design grade. This procedure is considered preferable to track-walking of slopes, as described in the following paragraph. 6.1.8. As an alternative to over-building of slopes, slope faces may be back-rolled with a heavy-duty loaded sheepsfoot or vibratory roller at maximum 4-foot fill height intervals. Upon completion, slopes should then be track-walked with a D-8 dozer or similar equipment, such that a dozer track covers all slope surfaces at least twice. 6.2. Soil-rock fill, as defined in Paragraph 3.1.2, shall be placed by the Contractor in accordance with the following recommendations: 6.2.1. Rocks larger than 12 inches but less than 4 feet in maximum dimension may be incorporated into the compacted soil fill, but shall be limited to the area measured 15 feet minimum horizontally from the slope face and 5 feet below finish grade or 3 feet below the deepest utility, whichever is deeper. 6.2.2. Rocks or rock fragments up to 4 feet in maximum dimension may either be individually placed or placed in windrows. Under certain conditions, rocks or rock fragments up to 10 feet in maximum dimension may be placed using similar methods. The acceptability of placing rock materials greater than 4 feet in maximum dimension shall be evaluated during grading as specific cases arise and shall be approved by the Consultant prior to placement. GI rev. 8/98 6.2.3. For individual placement, sufficient space shall be provided between rocks to allow for passage of compaction equipment. 6.2.4. For windrow placement, the rocks should be placed in trenches excavated in properly compacted soil fill. Trenches should be approximately 5 feet wide and 4 feet deep in maximum dimension. The voids around and beneath rocks should be filled with approved granular soil having a Sand Equivalent of 30 or greater and should be compacted by flooding. Windrows may also be placed utilizing an "open-face" method in lieu of the trench procedure, however, this method should first be approved by the Consultant 6.2.5. Windrows should generally be parallel to each other and may be placed either parallel to or perpendicular to the face of the slope depending on the site geometry. The minimum horizontal spacing for windrows shall be 12 feet center-to-center with a 5-foot stagger or offset from lower courses to next overlying course. The minimum vertical spacing between windrow courses shall be 2 feet from the top of a lower windrow to the bottom of the next higher windrow. 6.2.6. All rock placement, fill placement and flooding of approved granular soil in the windrows must be continuously observed by the Consultant or his representative. 6.3. Rock fills, as defined in Section 3.1.3., shall be placed by the Contractor in accordance with the following recommendations: 6.3.1. The base of the rock fill shall be placed on a sloping surface (minimum slope of 2 percent, maximum slope of 5 percent). The surface shall slope toward suitable subdrainage outlet facilities. The rock fills shall be provided with subdrains during construction so that a hydrostatic pressure buildup does not develop. The subdrains shall be permanently connected to controlled drainage facilities to control post-construction infiltration of water. 6.3.2. Rock fills shall be placed in lifts not exceeding 3 feet. Placement shall be by rock trucks traversing previously placed lifts and dumping at the edge of the currently placed lift. Spreading of the rock fill shall be by dozer to facilitate seating of the rock. The rock fill shall be watered heavily during placement. Watering shall consist of water trucks traversing in front of the current rock lift face and spraying water continuously during rock placement. Compaction equipment with compactive energy comparable to or greater than that of a 20-ton steel vibratory roller or other compaction equipment providing suitable energy to achieve the GI rev. 8/98 required compaction or deflection as recommended in Paragraph 6.3.3 shall be utilized. The number of passes to be made will be determined as described in Paragraph 6.3.3. Once a rock fill lift has been covered with soil fill, no additional rock fill lifts will be permitted over the soil fill. 6.3.3. Plate bearing tests, in accordance with ASTM D1196-64, may be performed in both the compacted soil fill and in the rock fill to aid in determining the number of passes of the compaction equipment to be performed. If performed, a minimum of three plate bearing tests shall be performed in the properly compacted soil fill (minimum relative compaction of 90 percent). Plate bearing tests shall then be performed on areas of rock fill having two passes, four passes and six passes of the compaction equipment, respectively. The number of passes required for the rock fill shall be determined by comparing the results of the plate bearing tests for the soil fill and the rock fill and by evaluating the deflection variation with number of passes. The required number of passes of the compaction equipment will be performed as necessary until the plate bearing deflections are equal to or less than that determined for the properly compacted soil fill. In no case will the required number of passes be less than two. 6.3.4. A representative of the Consultant shall be present during rock fill operations to verify that the minimum number of "passes" have been obtained, that water is being properly applied and that specified procedures are being followed. The actual number of plate bearing tests will be determined by the Consultant during grading. In general, at least one test should be performed for each approximately 5,000 to 10,000 cubic yards of rock fill placed. 6.3.5. Test pits shall be excavated by the Contractor so that the Consultant can state that, in his opinion, sufficient water is present and that voids between large rocks are properly filled with smaller rock material. In-place density testing will not be required in the rock fills. 6.3.6. To reduce the potential for "piping" of fines into the rock fill from overlying soil fill material, a 2-foot layer of graded filter material shall be placed above the uppermost lift of rock fill. The need to place graded filter material below the rock should be determined by the Consultant prior to commencing grading. The gradation of the graded filter material will be determined at the time the rock fill is being excavated. Materials typical of the rock fill should be submitted to the Consultant in a timely manner, to allow design of the graded filter prior to the commencement of rock fill placement. GI rev. 8/98 6.3.7. All rock fill placement shall be continuously observed during placement by representatives of the Consultant. 7. OBSERVATION AND TESTING 7.1. The Consultant shall be the Owners representative to observe and perform tests during clearing, grubbing, filling and compaction operations. In general, no more than 2 feet in vertical elevation of soil or soil-rock fill shall be placed without at least one field density test being performed within that interval. In addition, a minimum of one field density test shall be performed for every 2,000 cubic yards of soil or soil-rock fill placed and compacted. 7.2. The Consultant shall perform random field density tests of the compacted soil or soil-rock fill to provide a basis for expressing an opinion as to whether the fill material is compacted as specified. Density tests shall be performed in the compacted materials below any disturbed surface. When these tests indicate that the density of any layer of fill or portion thereof is below that specified, the particular layer or areas represented by the test shall be reworked until the specified density has been achieved. 7.3. During placement of rock fill, the Consultant shall verify that the minimum number of passes have been obtained per the criteria discussed in Section 6.3.3. The Consultant shall request the excavation of observation pits and may perform plate bearing tests on the placed rock fills. The observation pits will be excavated to provide a basis for expressing an opinion as to whether the rock fill is properly seated and sufficient moisture has been applied to the material. If performed, plate bearing tests will be performed randomly on the surface of the most-recently placed lift. Plate bearing tests will be performed to provide a basis for expressing an opinion as to whether the rock fill is adequately seated. The maximum deflection in the rock fill determined in Section 6.3.3 shall be less than the maximum deflection of the properly compacted soil fill. When any of the above criteria indicate that a layer of rock fill or any portion thereof is below that specified, the affected layer or area shall be reworked until the rock fill has been adequately seated and sufficient moisture applied. 7.4. A settlement monitoring program designed by the Consultant may be conducted in areas of rock fill placement. The specific design of the monitoring program shall be as recommended in the Conclusions and Recommendations section of the project Geotechnical Report or in the final report of testing and observation services performed during grading. GI rev. 8/98 7.5. The Consultant shall observe the placement of subdrains, to verify that the drainage devices have been placed and constructed in substantial conformance with project specifications. 7.6. Testing procedures shall conform to the following Standards as appropriate: 7.6.1. Soil and Soil-Rock Fills: 7.6.1.1. Field Density Test, ASTM D1556-82, Density of Soil In-Place By the Sand-Cone Method 7.6.1.2. Field Density Test, Nuclear Method, ASTM D2922-81, Density of Soil and Soil-Aggregate In-Place by Nuclear Methods (Shallow Depth). 7.6.1.3. Laboratory Compaction Test, ASTM D1557-91, Moisture-Density Relations of Soils and Soil-Aggregate Mixtures Using 10-Pound Hammer and 18-Inch Drop. 7.6.1.4. Expansion Index Test, Uniform Building Code Standard 29-2, Expansion Index Test. 7.62. Rock Fills 7.6.2.1. Field Plate Bearing Test, ASTM Dl 196-64 (Reapproved 1977) Standard Method for Nonrepresentative Static Plate Load Tests of Soils and Flexible Pavement Components, For Use in Evaluation and Design of Airport and Highway Pavements. 8. PROTECTION OF WORK 8.1. During construction, the Contractor shall properly grade all excavated surfaces to provide positive drainage and prevent ponding of water. Drainage of surface water shall be controlled to avoid damage to adjoining properties or to finished work on the site. The Contractor shall take remedial measures to prevent erosion of freshly graded areas until such time as permanent drainage and erosion control features have been installed. Areas subjected to erosion or sedimentation shall be properly prepared in accordance with the Specifications prior to placing additional fill or structures. 8.2. After completion of grading as observed and tested by the Consultant, no further excavation or filling shall be conducted except in conjunction with the services of the Consultant. GI rev. 8/98 9. CERTIFICATIONS AND FINAL REPORTS 9.1. Upon completion of the work, Contractor shall furnish Owner a certification by the Civil Engineer stating that the lots and/or building pads are graded to within 0.1 foot vertically of elevations shown on the grading plan and that all tops and toes of slopes are within O.S foot horizontally of the positions shown on the grading plans. After installation of a section of subdrain, the project Civil Engineer should survey its location and prepare an as-built plan of the subdrain location. The project Civil Engineer should verify the proper outlet for the subdrains and the Contractor should ensure that the drain system is free of obstructions. 9.2. The Owner is responsible for furnishing a final as-graded soil and geologic report satisfactory to the appropriate governing or accepting agencies. The as-graded report should be prepared and signed by a California licensed Civil Engineer experienced in geotechnical engineering and by a California Certified Engineering Geologist, indicating that the geotechnical aspects of the grading were performed in substantial conformance with the Specifications or approved changes to the Specifications. GI rev. 8/98