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HomeMy WebLinkAbout3629-SF; Carlsbad Crest Corporate Centre, Airport Centre; Carlsbad Crest Corporate Centre, Airport Centre Un 2; 1997-09-02" FOR CAC ASSOCIATES 3920 WILLOW CREEK ROAD, SUITE 400 SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA, 92131 IN COOPERATION WITH SMITH CONSULTING ARCHITECTS, INC. 5355 MIRA SORRENTO PLACE, SUITE 650 SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA, 92121 SOIL AND FOUNDATION INVESTIGATION PROPOSED CARLSBAD CREST CORPORATE CENTER CARLSBAD AIRPORT CENTRE UNIT 2, LOT 41 CITY OF CARLSBAD SAN DIEGO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA PROJECT NO. 3629-SF SEPTEMBER 2, 1997 Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. Consultants In The Earth Sciences __ CALIFORNIA,* NEVADA technical,September2, 1997 Project No. 3629-SF CAC Associates 3920 Willow Creek Road, Suite 400 San Diego, CA92131 Attention: Mr. Larry Woodward Subject: Soil and Foundation Investigation, Proposed Carlsbad Crest Corporate Center, Lot No. 41 of Unit 2, Carlsbad Airport Centre, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California. Gentlemen: In accordance with your request and authorization, this report presents the findings and conclusions of a Soil and Foundation Investigation conducted by Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. for the above-referenced project. Characterization of site earth materials by field reconnaissance, subsurface exploration, and laboratory testing of recovered soil samples was performed in order to define site suitability for the proposed development and provide preliminary engineering design values for foundations, slabs-on- grade, and retaining walls. Available conceptual site development plans indicate the proposed corporate center will consist of two, side-by-side two-story buildings on a single pad, each with a footprint area slightly greater than 26,000 square feet. Subsurface utilities, paved parking lots, and landscaped areas are also proposed. Structural loads not to exceed 85 kips for columns and 3 kips per linear foot for walls are anticipated for the proposed concrete tilt-up buildings. Finish grading of the existing sloped, sheet-graded pad will require placement of 7 to 8 feet of fill near the southwest corner of the building pad, and a cut of approximately 3 feet in the northeast corner. Lot No. 41 was graded in two phases between November, 1985 and March, 1990, as a part of mass grading for the overall Unit 2 development. Engineering observation and testing during the first phase were performed by the firm Moore and Taber of Anaheim, California, and during the second phase by San Diego Geotechnical Consultants, Inc. Final grading reports indicate Lot No. 41 was developed as a fill lot over an existing south- facing slope. The underlying bedrock reportedly consisted of sedimentary sandstones and siltstones. Orange County: 4500 Campus Dr., Suite 488 • Newport Beach, CA 92660 • Telephone (714) 660-9292 • Fax (714) 660-9295 Riverside County: 16801 Van Buren Blvd., Suite A • Riverside, CA 92504 • Telephone/Fax (909) 776-0345 San Bernardino County: P.O. Box 1056 • Lake Arrowhead, CA 92352 • Telephone/Fax (909) 337-5636 San Diego County: 11580 Turner Heights Dr. • Escondido, CA 92026 • Telephone/Fax (760) 749-2233 Nevada: 7400 Lakeside Dr. • Reno, NV 89511 • Telephone (702) 852-5393 CAC Associates - Lot 41 Project No. 3629-SF September 2, 1997 Page No. 2 Two borings were placed for this study within the conceptual outlines of the proposed buildings. Fill soils were encountered to a depth of 76 feet near the southeast corner of Building 1. About 24.5 feet of fill was penetrated near the northeast corner of Buildjng 2. The total differential fill thicknesses underlying the two structures is estimated to be 40 feet for Building 1 and 31 feet for Building 2. The fill appears to consist predominantly of silty sand, with horizontal and vertical variation that includes localized clayey sand, sandy clay, and clayey silt. Fine-grained soils appear to be much more prevalent in the northern third of the existing sloped pad. Moisture - density tests on recovered samples indicated that relative compaction of the on-site fill materials is generally greater than the accepted minimum of 90 percent of the maximum dry density. Moisture contents appear to have increased substantially over time. Based on the results of the field investigation, laboratory testing, and professional experience, it is our opinion that the site generally appears to be suitable for the proposed new construction, provided mitigation or accommodation of potential differential settlements is incorporated into building designs. In addition to design settlement values, this report includes preliminary recommendations for site regrading and inspection, foundation design, slabs-on-grade, and retaining walls. Thank you very much for this opportunity to be of service. Please do not hesitate to call if you should have any questions. Very truly yours, Luis Fernafido Aragon, P.E. Geotechnical Engineer, GE No 99 Mark G. Doerschlag Engineering Geologist, CE •£*4» G/No.1752 Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 41 September 2, 1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 3 INTRODUCTION JThis report presents .the_results of a Soil and Foundation Investigation performed forLot No. 41 of the Carlsbad Airport Centre (Unit 2), a large master-planned business development in the City of Carlsbad, California. Lot No. 41 has a net site area of 4.35 acres, comprising both a sheet-graded building pad and adjacent manufactured fill slopes. The site is located at the northeast corner of the intersection of Palomar Oaks Way and Camino Vida Roble, as illustrated on Figure No. 1 on the following page. The purpose of our study was to evaluate the nature of the subsurface materials underlying the site and to provide: (1) A general opinion of site suitability for the proposed project, and (2) Recommendations applicable to site earthwork and design of foundations, slabs-on- grade, and retaining walls. Accordingly, the scope of our services included a surficial reconnaissance of the site and surrounding area, subsurface exploration, recovery of representative soil samples, laboratory testing, and geotechnical analyses. In addition, a cursory evaluation was conducted of engineering geologic constraints posed by faulting and seismicity. Available final grading and subsequent geotechnical site evaluation reports for Unit 2 and Lot No. 41 were also reviewed for relevant findings. However, environmental research for purposes of establishing whether toxic or hazardous substances had been generated, used, stored, or disposed of on-site, or chemical testing of air, soil, or groundwater at the site were beyond the scope of this study. BACKGROUND INFORMATION The current configuration of the Unit 2 portion of the Carlsbad Airport Centre includes 23 business or commercial lots, with associated paved streets and greenbelt areas. Many of the sheet-grade SITE LOCATION Map Goes here d lots have already been developed into office space and light manufacturing facilities. Priorto grading, the area consisted of gently to moderately sloping natural terrain mostly underlain by soft sedimentary rocks, with localized areas found to be underlain by relatively hard volcanic rock. Medall, Aragon, Higiey, Geotechnical, Inc. SITE LOCATION MAP ^L-^Sjsssft^\° */s „!« c\5 " "T; ^osmy *i : ,\;/ CT ^! CARLSB/ North Project Name: CAC Associates - Lot 41 Project No. 3629 -SF Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnicai, Inc.Figure No. 1 CAC Associates - Lot 41 September 2,1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 5 Earthwork on Unit 2 and the included Lot No. 41 apparently occurred in two phases. An injt[al phase began in Noyember,_1985 and concluded in November,, 1986, concurrent with mass grading of Unit 1. Grading was performed under the engineering observation and testing of the Anaheim-based firm Moore and Taber. A Report of Geotechnical Services was issued by Moore and Taber on February 25,1987, documenting the observations, as- built geologic conditions, and test results for Unit 1 and the incomplete portions of Unit 2 (Job No. 285-256). The second phase of grading to complete the Unit 2 lots was performed between August, 1989 and March, 1990. Reportedly, site observation and testing services were provided by San Diego Geotechnical Consultants, Inc. (later a part of the firm ICG, Inc.). In 1991, the subsurface conditions within the overall Unit 2 area were evaluated by the firm GeoSoils Inc. (GSI), and their findings and recommendations presented in a Geotechnical Site Evaluation report dated March 21,1991 (Work Order No. 1260-SD). Four years later, GSI updated the previous report with a site-specific investigation of Lot No. 41. The latter report indicates that three 24-inch-diameter bucket auger borings were drilled to supplement the four shallow trenches excavated in 1991 on the site. Both the 1991 report and the Update Geotechnical Report, dated January 12, 1995, were reviewed for indications of changes to the site with the passage of time. Grading plans supplied by the project Civil Engineer indicate Lot No. 41 was formerly a south-facing descending slope that terminated at the floor of a small canyon near the present-day alignment of Camino Vida Roble. Grading of Lot No. 41 required a maximum fill of about 70 feet, measured from original ground surface elevations. The greatest fill depths are roughly coincident with the southern side of the existing sheet-graded building pad. The fill thins rapidly to the north and northeast to an originally proposed daylight line near the northern lot line. The fill materials appear to have originated from both on- and off-site areas underlain by sedimentary sandstones and siltstones. Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot41 September 2, 1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 6 PROPOSED CONSTRUCTION An undated Preliminary Site Plan prepared by the firm Smith Consulting Architects Inc. was ^referenced throughout ourjnvestigation. The plan illustrates twin, two-story buildings, each with a footprint covering slightly greater than 26,000 square feet. Associated parking lots and landscaped areas will complete the site. The proposed structures will be served by underground utilities. The plan indicates a finish floor elevation of 230.5 feet above sea level and a pad elevation of 229.75 feet. Based on existing grades, it is calculated that the sheet-graded pad will require additional maximum cuts and fills of approximately 3 feet and 8 feet, respectively. Soils for regrading of the pad will also originate from driveway cuts at the northwest and southeast portions of the property. Preliminary information indicates the structures will consist of concrete tilt-up construction typical of business park development. According to the project Structural Engineer, column loads are not anticipated to exceed 85 kips, and wall loads are not expected to exceed 3 kips per linear foot. FIELD INVESTIGATION AND LABORATORY TESTING Subsurface site exploration was conducted on August 8, 1997 by means of 2 borings located within the planned building footprints. The borehole locations were selected to identify the approximate maximum and minimum fill depths beneath the structures for subsequent settlement analyses. The borings were advanced with a truck-mounted CME 75 drill rig equipped with 8-inch-diameter hollow-stem augers. Both borings were bottomed within undisturbed sedimentary bedrock, at a total depth of 81.0 feet for the deeper hole and 26.5 feet for the shallow hole. Continuous logs of the subsurface conditions encountered in the borings were recorded by an engineering geologist representing this firm, and the results are presented on the Boring Logs in the Appendix. The approximate locations of the subsurface explorations are illustrated on Figure No. 2 in the Appendix. Relatively undisturbed ring-lined barrel samples were collected from specified depths in each of the exploratory borings. Pertinent in-situ engineering soil properties were judged Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 41 September 2, 1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 7 from machine behavior and penetration resistance of the barrel sampler. Disturbed bag samples representative of the near-surface structural fill soils were also collected. Both the discrete samples and drill cuttings were visually/manually classified in the field according to the Unified Soil Classification System, and observations made of relative porosity, presence or absence of organic matter, and any indication of groundwater. Laboratory tests to determine field dry density, field moisture content, maximum dry density, shear strength values, and compressibility characteristics were performed on the recovered samples. Test procedures and results are presented in the Appendix. SITE GEOTECHNICAL CONDITIONS Surface Conditions The sheet-graded building pad area of Lot No. 41 slopes southwestward at a 2.5% gradient toward a rough-graded catch basin and storm drain. The pad is bounded to the west and south by 2:1 fill slopes that descend as much as 25 feet toward Palomar Oaks Way and Camino Vida Roble. These slopes are attractively landscaped and in excellent condition. To the east is an ascending landscaped fill slope 25 feet high that rises to the property line with adjacent Lot No. 40. The northern side of the pad is bounded by undeveloped property contained within the limits of Palomar Airport, as well as a portion of recently regraded Lot No. 42. Despite having been vacant for over 7 years, the pad shows no evidence of significant erosion. Native and introduced vegetation, however, has established itself on the site, with scattered clumps of buckwheat and widespread herbaceous annuals and pampas grass. The site appears to have been partially cleared of vegetation with a blade or skiploader, rather than a disc. The soil surface exhibits fine networks of polygonal shrinkage cracks. None of the cracks was wider than about 1/4-inch, and most were much smaller. Rodent burrows are locally very common, especially near the margins of the graded pad. Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 41 September 2,1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 8 Subsurface Conditions _ Soil and Bedrock Boring B -1, the deeper of the two borings drilled for this study, encountered 76.0 feet of compacted fill overlying sedimentary bedrock. Based on original ground surface elevations, the boring demonstrates that approximately 10 to 11 feet of alluvium and weathered bedrock were removed from this location prior to the start of fill placement. The fill-bedrock contact was knife-sharp, clean, and approximately horizontal. The majority of the fill in Boring B -1 was classified as fine to medium grained silty sand, with a somewhat variable fines content. Clayey sand and sandy clay occasionally form thin to thick layers. The fill soils are predominantly dense to very dense in consistency, slightly moist near the pad surface but becoming moist at very shallow depths, and non-porous. Small amounts of organic debris, primarily wood fragments, were observed in recovered soil samples from scattered intervals below 35 feet in depth. Boring B - 2 encountered fill that on average was much more heterogeneous and higher in fines content than that in Boring B - 1. Approximately 24.5 feet of compacted fill comprising silty sand, clayey silt, silty clay, and sandy clay lies atop an abrupt contact with the underlying sedimentary bedrock. The calculated thickness of native soils and rock removed by benching appears to be about 8.5 feet at the boring location. Drilling behavior and blow counts indicated the fill has lower penetration resistance than in Boring B -1, with most soils classified as medium dense to dense or stiff. Traces of organic debris were commonly observed. Sedimentary bedrock in the area is assigned to the Eocene-age Santiago Formation. Underlying Lot No. 41, this formation consists of pale yellow to greenish gray sandy siltstone and very silty fine-grained sandstone. Limited exposures visible in vertical cuts on adjacent Lot No. 42 showed the formation is thinly to thickly bedded, mostly soft but locally cemented and hard, and very closely fractured. A shallow southwesterly regional dip is reported for the general area. Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 41 September 2,1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 9 Laboratory Test Results _....._ Dry densities calculated from recovered samples of the compacted fill ranged from approximately 96 to 118 pounds per cubic foot. The measured values, when correlated to the logged soil classifications and maximum density values reported during grading, generally meet or exceed a relative compaction of 90 percent of the laboratory maximum dry densities. Notable exceptions occur for samples recovered from the upper 3 feet, where the relative compaction appears to be well below the desired minimum value of 90 percent. Field moisture contents in the fill ranged from about 11.5 to 26.6 percent of dry density. The optimum moisture content for compaction of the near-surface soils expected to provide building and slab support is about 13 percent. In general, moisture contents have risen in the fill since the completion of fill placement. Maximum Density-Optimum Moisture Content determinations were performed on representative bulk samples to determine the compaction characteristics of the local soils. The results of these tests are presented in the appendix. Shear tests performed on samples considered representative of the local materials indicated that the local soils have moderately high friction angles and relatively high cohesions. Bearing capacity recommendations based on these test results are presented under Foundations. Consolidation test results performed on samples considered representative of the local materials indicated that the local soil tested have low to moderate consolidation characteristics. The results of the consolidation tests, which are presented graphically in the appendix, were used to calculate expected settlements. Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 41 September 2, 1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 10 The expansion index of representative upper soils tested was 32 which corresponds to a low expansive potential. Since additional grading will be performed, new expansion index Jesting_yvi[l_need_to_be performed du/ing grading, .. „ _. . _ ...."...... The Atterberg limits of the upper local soils were determined to assist in the classification of the materials encountered. The results of these tests are presented in the appendix. Groundwater Groundwater was encountered as a zone of slight seepage near a depth of 55 feet in Boring B -1. In 1995, GSI reported additional zones of seepage at depths of about 38 and 55 feet in their bucket auger exploration B - 3, located a few feet away. Indications are that minor perched groundwater may exist in thin zones comprising relatively permeable sandy soils. The observed seepages are not anticipated to adversely affect planned site development. Depths to permanent groundwater are probably greater than 90 feet, based on local topographic considerations. FAULTING AND REGIONAL SEISMICITY Neither active nor potentially active faults have been identified on or near the Lot No. 41 site. Evidence of faulting also was not seen in the borings or in nearby cuts excavated for a neighboring lot. Accordingly, the potential for direct fault rupture on the site appears to be nil. Moderate to strong ground shaking at the site would be an expected response to rupture of one of the many active faults in southwestern California. Potential sources of ground shaking include, but are not limited to, the San Andreas Fault, the San Jacinto Fault, the Elsinore Fault, and the Rose Canyon Fault: Zone. The latter fault zone is primarily an offshore feature with poorly constrained estimates of slip rate and characteristic return period. Holocene activity has been demonstrated for at least one on-shore portion of the fault in the City of San Diego, and in our judgment this fault should be considered active Medall, Aragon, Higiey, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 41 September 2, 1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 11 in its northerly offshore extension. However, the fault has been relatively quiescent in .historictime.. .... ..... _ .._ GeoSoils's 1995 report presented a deterministic seismic hazard analysis indicating peak horizontal ground accelerations at the site of 0.24g and 0.39g for maximum probable and maximum credible events on the Rose Canyon fault system. These events would be anticipated to have moment magnitudes of M6.0 and M7.0, respectively. At the time of this report, the requirements for seismic design had not been established. Unless the Structural Engineer deems more-specific data are necessary (i.e., response spectra, site period), seismic design for this project may be performed using criteria presented in the 1997 Uniform Building Code (UBC), Volume 2, Chapter 16, Division IV and V, for a Soil Profile Type SD, Seismic Source Type B with a distance to the fault of approximately 9 kilometers, and Seismic Zone 4 with a Seismic Zone Factor of 0.4. Secondary Seismic Hazards The items listed below represent other common seismic-related hazards evaluated on a site-specific basis. Our analyses and judgment indicate the risk presented by these hazards is very low to zero: • Tsunami • Seiche • Mass Wasting • Liquefaction Dynamic settlements due to seismic shaking were estimated by GeoSoils to be on the order of 2.25 inches. The accompanying dynamic differential settlement would be approximately 1.25 inches, suggesting angular distortions of 1 in 550 could occur. Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 41 September 2, 1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 12 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS General Based on the results of the field exploration program, laboratory testing, and professional experience, it is our opinion that the site appears to be suitable for the proposed new construction, provided that appropriate design allowances are made for calculated differential settlements (static and dynamic). Additionally, remedial measures will need to be implemented to correct loose, soft, and locally disturbed conditions of the pad soils in the upper 2 to 3 feet. Excavation and recompaction are recommended to mitigate the loose conditions and create satisfactory support characteristics. In the building areas, the extent of the over-excavation work should be 1 foot below the lowest (elevation) foundation element and a minimum of 3 feet from existing grade (whichever is greatest), if shallow foundations are adopted. This overexcavation should extend down outside of the building footprint at a 1:1 (horizontal to vertical) projection to the full depth of the removal. Areas outside of the building footprints but planned for parking and hardscape should be stripped of approximately 2 feet of surficial fill or to competent material, whichever is greater. Additionally, the test pits excavated by GeoSoils in 1991 were backfilled without compaction; these must be located and the loose soils properly recompacted prior to placement of additional fill on the site. All of the on-site soils are considered to be suitable for reuse in compacted structural fills. Specific guidelines and recommendations for site grading, structural design, and inspections are presented in the following subsections. Site Grading The general guidelines presented below should be included in the project construction specifications to provide a basis for quality control during grading. It is recommended that all structural fills be placed and compacted under engineering observation and in accordance with the following: • Re-established native and introduced vegetation shall be cleared and properly disposed of off-site. Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 41 September 2, 1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 13 • Excavation of the existing low-density and disturbed fill shall be performed as discussed above, in areas_which_j/vilLsupporL_foundations, slabs-Degrade,- and pavements. Actual removal depths may vary during grading based upon conditions encountered during earthwork activities. • Observation and density testing by the Geotechnical Engineer of all undisturbed cleared areas prior to processing of the exposed bottom. The minimum acceptable relative compaction of the undisturbed materials will be 90 percent of the maximum dry density. • Scarification to depths of 8 to 10 inches, moisture-conditioning, and processing of fill materials left in place by adding moisture or drying back to slightly above optimum moisture content, mixing, and recompaction to at least 90 percent of the maximum dry density as determined by the ASTM D 1557 test method. Bottoms shall be proof- rolled with heavy rubber-tire equipment (earthmoving scrapers, large loaders, or similar) to detect soft zones prior to additional fill placement. • Placement of fill soils moisture-conditioned to approximately 2 percent over optimum moisture in lifts having a thickness commensurate with the type of compaction equipment used, but generally no greater than 6 to 8 inches. Rocks or other similar irreducible matter larger than about 3 inches in diameter should be excluded from engineered structural fills on this site. Sufficient compactive effort shall be maintained to obtain compaction of at least 90 percent of the maximum dry density. • Field density testing shall be performed to verify that the desired compaction is being achieved. Where compaction of less than 90 percent is indicated, additional compaction effort, with adjustment of the moisture content as necessary, shall be made until at least 90 percent compaction is obtained. Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 41 September 2, 1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 14 • Import soils, if required, should consist of predominantly granular material with low or negligible expansive potential Jree of deleterious organic matter and large rocks,_and shall be accepted by the Geotechnical Engineer prior to use. • Fine grading of building pads should result in drainage being directed away from building foundations to swales for offsite disposal. The minimum desirable slope away from buildings is 2 percent for a distance of at least 5 feet. • It is recommended that expansion index testing be performed during or upon completion of the regraded building pad, to verify preliminary observations of low to moderate expansion potential in the on-site materials. The exact number of tests should be determined by site observations made during grading, but should not be less than one test for each soil type encountered in the finished lot. Removal and recompaction of the on-site soils will result in some material volume loss. Based on observations and laboratory density tests, it is estimated that shrinkage will average 3 to 5 percent for the existing loosened structural fill soils if replaced with an average relative compaction of 92 percent. Subsidence of approximately 0.1 to 0.2 foot should also be anticipated for excavated areas proof-rolled as recommended above. FOUNDATIONS It is our understanding that the proposed structures will consist of two, one- to two-story commercial tilt-up buildings. Preliminary information indicates the proposed buildings will be supported on conventional, continuous and square shallow foundations. As previously mentioned, column loads are not expected to exceed 85 kips, while wall loads are unlikely to exceed 3 kips per linear foot. Information and recommendations presented in this section are not meant to supersede final design by the Structural Engineer. Medali, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 41 September 2, 1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 15 Settlement Foundation Settlement due to Structural Loads _ For one to two stoi^ commercial buildings, _the_ anticipated JotaLsettlementis_1.2Joches.- Approximately 50 percent of the anticipated total settlement is expected to occur during construction. The anticipated differential settlement is 0.3 inch over 40 feet. Primary Settlement of Fill The proposed fill is anticipated to vary in thickness from approximately 2 to 8 feet for Building 1, and 0 to 3 feet for Building 2. The anticipated total settlement due to the surcharge imposed by the new fill is expected to vary from 0.75 to 3 inches for Building 1 and 0 to 1 inch for Building 2. For Building 1 approximately 50 to 60 percent of the settlement will occur during and shortly after fill placement and approximately 90 percent of the settlement shall be complete in 3 to 4 months. It is our opinion that the proposed fill within Building 1 should be monitored for settlement to ensure that the primary settlement is complete. Otherwise an additional estimated total and differential settlement of 1.25 inch and 0.2 inch over 40 feet, respectively, should be used in the design. For Building 2 the primary settlement due to the proposed fill should be complete during and shortly after fill placement. Secondary Settlement of Fill The fill may continue to settle, due in part to secondary compression, new building loads and continued landscape irrigation at the surface. The depth of existing fill from the proposed pad grades varies from approximately 40 to 80 feet across the proposed Building 1 footprint, and from approximately 22 to 53 feet across the proposed Building 2 footprint. The estimated long term total settlements for Buildings 1 and 2 are 2.0 inches and 1.0 inch, respectively. The anticipated differential settlement for Buildings 1 and 2 are 0.25 inch over 40 feet, respectively. Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 41 September 2, 1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 16 Foundation Design Bearing Value (.1) ^An.allowable_verticaLbearing value.of.2,9.0.0 pounds per square.foot(psf) may-be- considered for design of continuous footings at least 24 inches wide and 24 inches deep, and for design of square footings at least 24 inches wide and 24 inches deep, bearing in properly compacted fill material tested by our personal during the upcoming additional site grading. The bearing value may be increased by 300 psf for each additional foot in depth to a maximum of 3,500 psf. The above value may be increased by one-third when considering short duration seismic or wind loads. Exterior square footings should be tied with a grade beam or tie beam to the main foundation. (2) All footings should be embedded a minimum of 24 inches into properly compacted fill. (3) All continuous footings should be minimally reinforced with four No. 5 steel bars, two near the top and two near the bottom. (4) Interior columns should be supported on spread footings or integrated footing and grade beam systems. Column loads should not be supported directly by slabs. When designing the interior building footings, the Structural Engineer should consider utilizing grade beams to control lateral drift of isolated column footings, if the combination of friction and passive earth pressure will not be sufficient to resist lateral forces. Lateral Pressure (1) Passive earth pressure of compacted fill may be computed as an equivalent fluid having a density of 250 pcf per foot of depth, to a maximum earth pressure of 2,000 psf. Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 41 September 2, 1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 17 (2) An allowable coefficient of friction between properly compacted fill soil and concrete of 0.32 may.be Jjsed with the.deadjoad forces. (3) When combining passive pressure and frictional resistance, the passive pressure component should be reduced by one-third. (4) All footings should maintain a minimum seven foot horizontal setback from the base of the footing to any descending slope. This distance is measured from the footing face at the bearing elevation. (5) The upper six inches of passive pressure should be neglected if not confined by slabs or pavement. Foundation Construction All footings should be embedded a minimum of 24 inches into properly compacted fill. Foundation footings should be minimally reinforced with four No. 5 bars, two near the top and two near the bottom (in the cross-sections). Foundations should either be continuous footings across large openings (i.e., garages or entrances) or be tied with a grade beam or tie beams. All exterior isolated footings should be tied in at least two perpendicular directions by grade beams or tie beams to reduce the potential for lateral drift or differential distortion. The base of the grade beams should enter the adjoining footings at the same depth as the footings (i.e., in profile view). The grade beam steel should be continuous at the footing connection. Grade beams and footings should be minimally reinforced and sized per the Structural Engineer's recommendations. Prior to placing steel or concrete, the footing and grade beam excavations should be well moistened. Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 41 September 2,1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 18 FLOOR SLABS Floor Slab Design _Concrete.slab-onTgrade floor-construction is anticipated.^The.following recommendations- are presented as minimum design parameters for the slab. Design parameters do not account for concentrated loads (e.g., forklifts, other machinery, etc.) and/or the use of freezers or heating boxes. The information and recommendations presented in these sections are not meant to supersede design by the project Structural Engineer. Lightly Loaded Floor Slabs The slabs in areas which will receive relatively light live loads (i.e., less than 50 psf) should be a minimum of five inches thick and be reinforced with No. 3 reinforcing baron 18 inches centers in two horizontally perpendicular directions. Reinforcing should be properly supported to ensure placement near the vertical midpoint of the slab. "Hooking" of the reinforcement is not considered an acceptable method of positioning the steel. The recommended compressive strength of concrete is 3,000 pounds per square inch (psi). The project Structural Engineer should consider the use of transverse and longitudinal control joints to help control slab cracking due to concrete shrinkage or expansion. Transverse and longitudinal crack control joints should be spaced no more than 12 feet on center and constructed to a minimum depth of T/4, where "T" equals the slab thickness in inches. Highly Loaded Floor Slabs The project structural engineer should design the slabs in areas subject to high loads (ie., machinery, forklifts, storage racks, etc.). The modulus of subgrade reaction (k-value) may be used in the design of the floor slab supporting heavy truck traffic, fork lifts, machine foundations and heavy storage areas. A k-value (modulus of subgrade reaction) of Medal I, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 41 September 2, 1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 19 100 pounds per square inch per inch (pci) would be prudent to utilize for preliminary slab design. An R-value test and/or plate load test may be used to verify the modulus of subgrade on near _surface fiJLspils, ._ The following recommendations are meant as minimums. The project Structural Engineer should review and verify that the minimum recommendations presented herein are considered adequate with respect to anticipated uses. Concrete slabs should be at least 5Yz inches thick and reinforced with at least #3 reinforcing bars placed 18 inches on center in two directions. Concrete slabs should be underlain with a minimum of four inches of % inch crushed rock (vibrated into place) or four inches of aggregate base materials (class 2 aggregate base or equivalent) compacted to a minimum relative compaction of 95 percent. Transverse and longitudinal crack control joints should be spaced no more than 12 feet on center and constructed to a minimum depth of T/4, where "T" equals the slab thickness in inches. The recommended compressive strength of concrete is 4,000 pounds per square inch (psi). Subgrade Preparation The subgrade material should be compacted to a minimum 90 percent of the maximum laboratory dry density. Prior to placement of concrete, the subgrade soils should be moisture conditioned to at least optimum moisture content, to a depth of 12 inches and verified by a field representative of this office. Moisture Protection In areas where moisture condensation is undesirable (e.g., areas to have moisture sensitive floor coverings) a minimum 10 mil plastic membrane should be placed with all laps/openings sealed. The membrane should be sandwiched between two, two inch (minimum) sand layers. These areas should be separate from areas not similarly protected. This separation could be provided with a concrete cut-off wall extending at least 18 inches into the subgrade soil below the sand layer. Medal!, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 4.1 September 2, 1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 20 RETAINING WALLS General Equivalent fluid pressure parameters are presented herein for either the use of native or low expansive select granular backfill to be utilized behind the proposed walls. The low expansive granular backfill should be provided behind the wall at a 1:1 (h:v) projection from the heal of the foundation system. Low expansive fill is defined as Class 3 aggregate base rock, or Class 2 permeable rock. Wall backfilling should be performed with lightly loaded equipment within the same 1:1 (h:v) projection (i.e., hand tampers, walk behind compactors). If highly expansive soils are used to backfill the proposed walls, increased active and at-rest earth pressures will need to be utilized for retaining wall design. Foundation systems for any proposed retaining walls should be designed in accordance with the recommendations presented in the Foundation Recommendation section of this report. Building walls, below grade, should be water-proofed or damp-proofed, depending on the degree of moisture protection desired. All walls should be properly designed in accordance with the recommendations presented below. Some movement of the walls constructed should be anticipated as soil strength parameters are mobilized. This movement could cause some cracking depending upon the materials used to construct the wall. To mitigate this effect, the use of vertical crack control joints and expansion joints should be employed, spaced at 20 feet or less along the walls. Vertical expansion control joints should be filled with a flexible grout. Wall footings should be keyed or doweled across vertical expansion joints. Cantilevered Walls These recommendations are for cantilevered retaining walls up to 10 feet high. Active earth pressure may be used for retaining wall design, provided the top of the wall is not Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 41 Project No. 3629-SF September 2,1997 Page No. 21 restrained from minor deflections. An empirical equivalent fluid pressure approach may be used to compute the horizontal pressure against the wall. Appropriate fluid unit weights are provided for-specific slope gradients of the retained material (see table below). These do not include other superimposed loading conditions such as traffic, structures, seismic events or adverse geologic conditions. For cantilever retaining walls greater than four feet in height, a seismic increment of 10H (uniform pressure) for level backfill and 20H for backfill sloped at 2:1 (h:v) behind the walls should be considered. If traffic is within a distance H behind any wall or a 1:1 (h:v) projection from the heel of the wall foundation, a pressure of 100 psf per foot in the upper five feet should be used. Structural loads from adjacent properties and their influence on site walls should be reviewed by the Structural Engineer, if within a 1:1 (h:v) projection behind any site wall. f ~* J "4 > '< { '' ^'< ^ SURFACED SLOPE:OF , RETAINED MATERIAL (HORIZONTAL TO VERTICAL) , Level 2:1 EQUIVALENT FLUID WEIGHT* FOR BACKFILL TYPE ; , .SELECT ;-r' SOIL ,(Granular) 35 45 .ONSITE .^ :' *" SOIL'' .-' ' 45 60 *To be increased by traffic structural surcharge and seismic loading as needed. Wall Backfill and Drainage All retaining walls should be provided with an adequate backdrain and outlet system (a minimum of two outlets per wall) to prevent buildup of hydrostatic pressures and be designed in accordance with the minimum standards presented herein. Drain pipe should consist of four inch diameter perforated schedule 40 pvc pipe embedded in gravel. Gravel used in the backdrain systems should be a minimum of three cubic feet per lineal foot of % to rA inch clean crushed rock wrapped in filter fabric (Mirafi 140 or equivalent) and 12 inches thick behind the wall. The surface of the backfill should be sealed by pavement or Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 41 Project No. 3629-SF September 2, 1997 Page No. 22 the top 18 inches compacted to 90 percent relative compaction with native soii Proper surface drainage should also be provided. Weeping of the wails in iieu of a backdrain is not recommended. A paved drainage channel (v-ditch or substitute), constructed of either concrete or asphaltic concrete and located behind the top of the walls with sloping backfill, should be considered to reduce the potential for surface water penetration. For level backfill, the grade shouid be sloped such that drainage is toward a suitable outlet at one to two percent. PAVEMENTS Soft materials, if any, in areas to support asphalt pavement, should be recompacred to a depth of at leasi one foot below the final subgrade just prior to placement of driveway and parking lot base course. Since additional grading will take place, it is not known at this time what the pavement bearing characteristics of the final subgrade soils will be Therefore, it is recommended that R-value testing of the subgrade soils be performed upon completion of grading in order to provide design pavement structural sections. For preliminary design purposes. it is assumed that the R-vaiue for typical local soils may range from 20 to 45 Preliminary pavement structural calculations based on these assumed R-values and traffic indexes of '4^fcr parking stalls) an<j£5_fJUfor light vehig^ access areas) Indicate that pavement sections shouid range from /^i^MAggregate Base Material tcQ inches of AC over 7 inchiS)of Class 2 Aggregate Base Material In heavy traffic areas, or in areas of heavy truck traffic, the structural sections wil' be larger. -Concrete gutters shodd-be provided at flow lines and thef aved areas should be graded so as to permit rapid and unimpaired flow of runoff water The final street pavement design shouid be based on the actual R-value of the subgrade soils obtained after grading. «- , -. • .- RECEIVEDy a 0 Medall, Aragdn, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. Masson &. CAC Associates - Lot 41 September 2,1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 22 the top 18 inches compacted to 90 percent relative compaction with native soil. Proper surface drainage should also be provided. Weeping of the walls in lieu of a backdrain is not recommended. A paved drainage channel (v-ditch or substitute), constructed of either concrete or asphaltic concrete and located behind the top of the walls with sloping backfill, should be considered to reduce the potential for surface water penetration. For level backfill, the grade should be sloped such that drainage is toward a suitable outlet at one to two percent. PAVEMENTS Soft materials, if any, in areas to support asphalt pavement, should be recompacted to a depth of at least one foot below the final subgrade just prior to placement of driveway and parking lot base course. Since additional grading will take place, it is not known at this time what the pavement bearing characteristics of the final subgrade soils will be. Therefore, it is recommended that R-value testing of the subgrade soils be performed upon completion of grading in order to provide design pavement structural sections. For preliminary design purposes, it is assumed that the R-value for typical local soils may range from 20 to 45. Preliminary pavement structural calculations based on these assumed R-values and traffic indexes of 4.5 (for parking stalls) and 5.0 (for light vehicle access areas) indicate that pavement sections should range from approximately 3 inches of A.C. over 4 inches of Class 2 Aggregate Base Material to 3 inches of A.C. over 7 inches of Class 2 Aggregate Base Material. In heavy traffic areas, or in areas of heavy truck traffic, the structural sections will be larger. Concrete gutters should be provided at flow lines and the paved areas should be graded so as to permit rapid and unimpaired flow of runoff water. The final street pavement design should be based on the actual R-value of the subgrade soils obtained after grading. Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 41 September 2; 1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 23 INSPECTION The preliminary opinions and recommendations in this report are based on the assumption that all footings and slab-on-grade floors will be placed on properly compacted soils approved by this office. Site grading operations should be performed under observation by our personnel. All footing excavations should be observed prior to placing concrete to verify that footings are founded on satisfactory soils and that excavations are free of loose or disturbed materials. The findings in this report may require modification as a result of later field exploration or observations made prior to or during site regrading. This report has also incorporated assumed conditions/characteristics of the proposed development where specific information was not available. Grading and foundation plan reviews should be performed by this firm prior to site grading in order to evaluate the proposed construction from a geotechnical viewpoint. If unforeseen adverse geologic or geotechnical conditions are encountered during grading, then additional appropriate mitigation recommendations may be required from this office. CLOSURE This report was prepared for the use of CAC Associates and their designates in cooperation with this office. We cannot be responsible for the use of this report by others without observation of the grading operations and footing excavations by our personnel. The findings and recommendations of this report were prepared in accordance with generally accepted professional engineering principles and practice in the fields of soil mechanics, foundation engineering, and engineering geology. We make no other warranty, either expressed or implied. Our conclusions are based on the results of the field exploration combined with interpolations of soil conditions between a limited number of subsurface excavations. The nature and extent of variations beyond the explorations may not become evident until construction. If conditions are encountered during site development that appear to be different than those indicated by this report, this office should be notified. Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 41 Project No. 3629-SF September 2, 1997 Page No. 24 It is a pleasure to cooperate in this project. If you should have any questions, please contact our office. Respectfully submitted, Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical Inc. ^ Luis Fernafrtfo Aragon, P.E. Geotechnical Engineer, GE No. 99 Mark G. Doerschlag ~~"\ Engineering Geologist, CEG No. 1752 MGD/LFA Distribution: (4) Addressee Enclosure: Appendix Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. APPENDIX Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. CAC Associates - Lot 41 September 2, 1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 26 APPENDIX FIGURES AND SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION LOGS The Subsurface Exploration Map was prepared based upon information supplied by the client, or others, along with field measurements and observations made by members of this firm. Boring locations illustrated on the map are approximate. The Boring Logs on the following pages depict or describe the subsurface (soil and water) conditions encountered at the specific exploration locations on the date that the exploration was performed. Subsurface conditions may differ between exploration locations and within areas of the site that were not explored. The subsurface conditions may also change at the exploration locations over the passage of time. The field operations were conducted in general accordance with the procedures recommended by the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) designation D 420 entitled "Standard Guide for Sampling Soil and Rock" and/or other relevant specifications. Soil samples were preserved and transported to our laboratory in general accordance with the procedures recommended by ASTM designation D 4220 entitled "Standard Practice for Preserving and Transporting Soil Samples". The results of field testing (e.g., N*-Values) are reported on the Boring Logs. Brief descriptions of the sampling and testing procedures are presented below: Ring-Lined Barrel Sampling - (ASTM D 3550) In this procedure, a barrel sampler constructed to receive a stack of 1-inch-high brass rings is used to collect soil samples for classification and laboratory testing. For this investigation, a 140-pound hammer falling 30 inches was used to drive a barrel fitted with 2.5-inch-diameter rings. An uncorrected NT-value of the number of blows needed to drive the sampler the final 12 inches of an 18-inch barrel was recorded. The method provides relatively undisturbed samples that fit directly into laboratory test instruments without additional handling/disturbance. Bulk Sample A relatively large volume of soil is collected with a shovel or trowel. The sample is transported to the materials laboratory in a sealed plastic bag or bucket. Classification of Samples Excavated soils and discrete soil samples were visually-manually classified, based on texture and plasticity, in general accordance with the Unified Soil Classification System (ASTM D 2488-75). The classifications are reported on the Boring Logs. Medal!, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION MAP CAM I. _ Indicates location of exploratory boring Project Name: CAC Associates - Lot 41 Project No. 3629 -SF Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc.Figure No. 2 BORING LOG Logged By: MOD Date: 8-8-97 Drill Rig:CME75, Downhole hmr. This log is a representation of subsurface conditions at the time and place of drilling. With the passage of time or at any other location, there may be consequential changes in conditions SAMPLE - 3--CQ 1 I 11 UJ COD(- !' N*BLOWS/FT49 65 76 58 50 FIELD MOISTURE% DRY WEIGHT126.1 20.8 18.3 15.7 12.3 H • vi §t 5~-4 Q 99.4 105.1 111.3 111.0 116.6 SHEAR RESISTANCEKIPS/FT2UJUJ - i-UJQ 5 10 15 20 ^ §W j> W SM Boring Diameter: 8" (Auger) BorinQ No B -1Elevation: 224 Feet GEOLOGICAL / ENGINEERING DESCRIPTIONS AND REMARKS ..._. Silty Sand: [FILL] Dense to very dense; mottled gray, yellowish-brown, orange; moist; fine to trace medium grained; clayey; trace of gravel; abundant siltstone fragments. More clayey 0-4 feet. Mottled grayish-orange, dark gray and light gray; much less clay; no gravel. Some orange Fe staining; siltstone fragments to size greater than 3" Continues on next page MEDALL, ARAGON, HIGLEY GEOTECHNICAL, INC. PROJECT NAME PROJECT No. PAGE No. CAC Associates 3629-SF 28 BORING LOG (Continuation) Logged By: MGD Date: 8-8-97 Drill Rig:CME75, Downhole hmr Boring Diameter: 8" (Auger) Borin This log is a representation of subsurface conditions at the time and place of drilling. With the E| .. . __ . F B • passage of time or at any other location, there may be consequential changes in conditions va ' SAMPLE *:_j_ D...CD LU CO — 3~h-|N*BLOWS/FT45 67 65 54 FIELD MOISTURE% DRY WEIGHT21.3 15.9 23.4 25.9 DRY DENSITYLB/FT3103.5 107.4 103.5 98.0 SHEAR RESISTANCEKIPS/FT2!IDEPTH (FEET)25 30 35 40 SOIL /ROCKTYPESM, SC SP- SM SC/ CL g No. -1 GEOLOGICAL / ENGINEERING DESCRIPTIONS AND REMARKS Silty Sand: [FILL] At 20' some clods of olive clayey sand. Much less silt; light gray color. 3_hrn\A/n Becomes interlayered sandy clay and clayey sand; mottled olive-brown, very dense or hard, moist. Same; with some dark brown sandy clay containing small organic fragments. Continues on next Page MEDALL, ARAGON, HIGLEY GEOTECHNICAL, INC. PROJECT NAME PROJECT No. CAC Associates 3629-SF PAGE No. 29 BORING LOG (Continuation) Logged By: MGD Date: 8-8-97 Drill Rig:CME75, Downhole hmr This log is a representation of subsurface conditions at the time and place of drilling. With the passage of time or at any other location, there may be consequential changes in conditions Boring Diameter: 8" (Auger) Elevation: 224 Feet Boring No. B-1 SAMPLE LUm Q OH « UJ LL "03- >- -Io:Q LUoL-It- Ico (Joa: LLJ_ Q.GEOLOGICAL / ENGINEERING DESCRIPTIONS AND REMARKS 55 21.3 103.5 SM, SC 45 39 24.2 99.7 CL, SC 50 SP- SM 64 12.4 117.9 55 38 16.2 110.6 60 Returns to mostly Silty Sand and Clayey Sand [FILLI]; mottled light gray, orange, olive- gray; moist. Becomes predominantly sandy clay; dark- olive to purplish black color with common small wood fragments; moist. Harder drilling effort to 49'. Becomes predominantly slightly silty sand; fine-grained; pale olive gray and orange. Same; very moist, with trace free water on rings; trace sandstone fragments Continues on next page MEDALL, ARAGON, HIGLEY GEOTECHNICAL, INC. PROJECT NAME CAC Associates PROJECT No. 3629-SF PAGE No. 30 BORING LOG (Continuation) Logged By: MGD Date: 8-8-97 Drill Rig:CME75, Downhole hmr This log is a representation of subsurface conditions at the time and place of drilling. With the passage of time or at any other location, there may be consequential changes in conditions Boring Diameter: 8" (Auger) Elevation: 224 Feet Boring No. B-1 SAMPLE LU CD"_co o co 22 Hi Q OH-J Q E CO „ 01 u... anQ LUo •K 9T Xco GEOLOGICAL / ENGINEERING DESCRIPTIONS AND REMARKS 77 15.1 113.4 >50 13.9 112.4 83 16.3 103.1 SM, SC Silty Sand, continuation [FILL] Some clayey sand in clods or thin layers. 65 CM, SC 70 [No sample at 70'; rig down. Rig exchanged for CME 75 with auto hammer & rods. Overdrilled hammer to 75'. Cuttings very moist Silty Sand]. Clayey Sand - [FILL] Olive brown, trace organics and sandstone fragments. Abrupt contact at 76.0'. 75 SC RX Siltstone: Variably pale gray, pale yellow, orange; very sandy with fine grained sand; massive; soft; weak; apparent close Fe-stained fractures [Santiago Formation] so Continues on next page MEDALL, ARAGON, HIGLEY GEOTECHNICAL, INC. PROJECT NAME CAC Associates PROJECT No. 3629-SF PAGE No. 31 BORING LOG Logged By: MOD Date: 8-8-97 Drill Rig:CME75, Downhole Boring Diameter: 8" (Auger) Rorina No a - z This log is a representation of subsurface conditions at the time and place of drilling. With the Elevation- 224 Feet passage of time or at any other location, there may be consequential changes in conditions SAMPLE •XL' i-3CD. „ I 111 1 - UJm ^t-N*BLOWS/FT115 37 35 46 17 30 29 iFIELD MOISTURE% DRY WEIGHT26.6 12.0 20.1 11.4 20.1 14.7 DRY:DENSITYLB/FT395.9 106.8 103.0 102.8 106.1 103.7 lSHEAR !RESISTANCE•£LUU-_ -I- .\-0.UJa 5 10 15 20 SOIL /ROCKTYPE]ML CL SM ML SM SM, SC SM, SC, SP- SM GEOLOGICAL / ENGINEERING DESCRIPTIONS AND REMARKS Sandy Silt w/Clay: Stiff; olive brown; moist [Fill] Silty Clay: Very stiff to hard; olive; moist; mod. plastic. Silty Sand: Dense; mottled olive gray, light gray, orange; moist; tr. clay. Clayey Silt: hard; dark olive brown; moist; trace organic debris and abundant siltstone frags. Silty Sand: Similar to 5-7 ft. interval - medium dense to dense; mottled colors. Some Clods/layers of clayey sand, brown & olive colors, slightly plastic. Same Same, some slightly silty sand; local traces of organic debris. Continues on next page MEDALL, ARAGON, HIGLEY GEOTECHNICAL, INC. PROJECT NAME PROJECT No. PAGE No. CAC Associates 3629-SF 33 BORING LOG Logged By: MGD Date: 8-8-97 Drill Rig:CME75, Downhole hmr. This log is a representation of subsurface conditions at the time and place of drilling. With the passage of time or at any other location, there may be consequential changes in conditions SAMPLE -LCD UJDQ N*BLOWS/FT26 84 FIELD MOISTURE% DRY WEIGHT13.5 7.4 ]DRY DENSITYLB/FT3I101.6 118.8 SHEARRESISTANCEUJ -if-UJQ 25 30 35 40 SOIL / ROCK[ TYPESM, SC CL RX Boring Diameter: 8" (Auger) BOFinq NO. Elevation: 224 Feet B-2 GEOLOGICAL / ENGINEERING DESCRIPTIONS AND REMARKS Silty & Clayey Sand, con't [Fill] Sandy Clay: very stiff to hard; olive; moist; slightly plastic. Abrupt contact. Siltstone: Very pale greenish gray; moist; sandy; massive; soft, weak; some visible Fe stained fractures. [Santiago Fm.] Bottom of boring at 26.5 ft. No groundwater encountered. Boring backfilled with cuttings. Original ground surface elevation at 216'. MEDALL, ARAGON, HIGLEY GEOTECHNICAL, INC. PROJECT NAME CAC Associates PROJECT No. PAGE No. 3629-SF 34 CAC Associates - Lot 41 Project No. 3629-SF September 2, 1997 Page No. 35 LABORATORY TESTING Moisture-Density Determinations- ----- The dry unit weight and field moisture content were determined for each of the recovered barrel samples. The moisture-density information provides a gross indication of soil consistency and can assist in delineating local variations. The information can also be used to correlate soils found on this site with soils on other sites in the general area. The test results indicate that the dry density of the soils and weathered bedrock tested ranges from 95.9 to 118.8 pounds per cubic foot, with moisture contents ranging from 7.4 to 26.6 percent of dry unit weight. Sample locations and the corresponding test results are illustrated on the Boring Logs. Compaction Tests Representative bulk soil samples were tested to determine their maximum dry densities and optimum moisture contents per the ASTM D 1557-91 (Method A) procedure. The test method uses 25 blows of a 10-pound hammer falling 18 inches on each of 5 soil layers in a 1/30 cubic foot cylinder. Soil samples are tested at varying moisture contents to create a curve illustrating achieved dry density as a function of moisture content. The following table presents the test results. LOCATION B-1 @ r-51 8-2 @ 0-4' SOIL TYPE Silty Sand Sandy Silt with Clay MAXIMUM DENSITY (pcf) 116.5 122.0 OPTIMUM MOISTURE CONTENT (%) 13.5 13.0 Shear Strength Tests Direct shear tests were performed on undisturbed samples in general accordance with ASTM Test Method D-3080. The samples were saturated, drained of excess moisture, and tested in a direct shear machine of the strain control type. Test samples are retained within standard one-inch-high brass rings. Samples were tested at increasing normal loads to determine the Mohr-Coulomb shear strength values presented graphically in the following page. Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. I— CD Ula:i—en a:<JCixl 05 NORMAL PRESSURE Bor i ng Depth No. (feet) Test Method B-2 6.00 UNDISTURBED Nature Moist.Saturated X Cohes i on (psf) 600 Fric. Angle (degree) 26 GeoSoi Is, Inc. SHEAR TEST DIAGRAM Date: AUG 97 U.O.: U.0.3247-OC PLATE B - 6 CAC Associates - Lot 41 September 2, 1997 Project No. 3629-SF Page No. 37 Consolidation Tests Consolidation testing was performed on representative samples of existing fill materials encountered in accordance"with ASTM Test Method D-2435. Inlhis procedure, a series of cumulative vertical loads are applied to a small, laterally confined soil sample. The apparatus is designed to accept a one-inch-high brass ring containing an undisturbed or remolded soil sample. During each load increment, vertical compression (consolidation) of the sample is measured and recorded at selected time intervals. Porous stones placed at the top and bottom of the specimen allow ready addition or release of water. Undisturbed samples are initially at field moisture content, and are subsequently inundated to determine soil behavior under saturated conditions. The test result are plotted graphically on the following pages. Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. o QH aCO 10 12 14 16 18 20 0.1 10 NORMAL PRESSURE (ksf) Boring No. B-l Depth (feet): 20.00 Sample: GeoSo i 1 s, Inc, CONSOLIDATION TEST Date: AUG 97 U.O.: W.0.3247-OC PLATE B-l oH <tQ OU) Oa 10 14 16 18 200.1 10 NORMAL PRESSURE (ksf) Boring No. 8-1 Depth (feet): 55.00 Sample: WATER @ 8 KIPS GeoSoi Is, Inc. CONSOLIDATION TEST Date: AUG 97 14. 0.: 14.0.3247-OC PLATE B - 2 20 0.1 10 NORMAL PRESSURE (ksf) Boring No. B-2 Depth (feet): 12.50 Sample: WATER <§ 1 KIP GeoSoi Is, Inc.CONSOLIDATION TEST Date: AUG 97 U.O. : U.0.3247-OC PLATE B - 3 u. CO I-u.oCM CO oo go <N CMO 0 I 0 j < * §ci 11 > COCM0 O • • eno o 0 tro-t/j u. CO CO V-1 CO LL to ® T™1CD 8d in\nod CD 0d * §o' - od 0 '| P k_a- (ui) u_ CO u. in oj cI <u <o S a-CO q d 0 q d o ci in CM in*- -- CM 5 S 5 (in) uoissajdiuoo q d q d qd oHI—<rQH OC/J Ou 10 14 16 18 20 _0.1 NORMAL PRESSURE (ksf) Boring No. B-l Depth (feet): 20.00 10 Sample: WATER @ 4 KIPS GeoSo 1 Is, Inc* CONSOLIDATION TEST Date: AUG 97 U.O.: U.0.3247-OC PLATE B-l CAC Associates - Lot 41 Project No. 3629-SF September 2,1997 Page No. 45 Expansion Potential A laboratory expansion index test of materials expected to provide foundation support was performed-in^general accordance with the 1994 Uniform Building Code Standard 18-2. A. remolded sample is compacted in two layers in a 4-inch I.D. mold to a total compacted thickness of about 1.0 inch, using a 5.5-pound hammer falling 12 inches at 15 blows per layer. The sample is initially at a saturation between 49 and 51 percent. After remolding, the sample is confined under a normal load of 144 pounds per square foot and allowed to soak for 24 hours. The resulting volume change due to increase in moisture content within the sample is recorded and the Expansion Index (El) calculated. LOCATION B-2 @ 0-4' SOIL TYPE Sandy Silt with Clay EXPANSION INDEX 32 EXPANSION POTENTIAL Low Atterberg Limits The plastic and liquid limits of representative samples of the local soils were determined in accordance with ASTM Test Method D-4318. The results of these test are presented in the following page. Medall, Aragon, Higley, Geotechnical, Inc. PLASTICITY INDEX :(X)ru to 4^ 01 enS Q Q Q G>10 00 ML-CL CL CL-ML/il / \ ML or OL / x / CH // HH x x- 3r OH A-L /^ X 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80 90 100 11 LIQUID LIMIT (X) Boring Depth LL(^) PL(X) PIC/.) No. (feet) O B-2,L.41 4 30 24 6 GeoSoi Is, Inc. - '.'» p^' ' "' "• ATTERBERG LIMITS"-~^3<^r4. ^-iti'-* al-^^*, . • • iv!".-i*.f*i ftftirftfrt , .- ;.-.;-:(, 7^Q»-WWWS«* Date: flUG 97 W.O. : U.0.3247-OC U •'! l"ia iff'1 RtflTE ««J 1 R8* | T-'"7