HomeMy WebLinkAboutCT 01-05; CALAVERA HILLS VILLAGE W; INTERIM RPT OF GEOTECH INV VILLAGE W-X-Y;INIERIM REPCKO' OF
CTGOBCHNICAL INVESTIGBTICN
CALfiVETtA HEIGHTS VXLLAOS W-X-Y
TAMARACK AND CX3LLB^ BCXILEVARD
CARLSBAD, CALIPCWNIA
PREPARED FOR:
Lyon Gonnunitu.es r Incorporated
4330 La Jolla Village Drive, Suite 130
San Diego, Califomia 92122
PREPARED BY:
Southern Califomia Soil & Testing, Inc.
Post Office Box 20627
6280 Riverdale Street
San Diego, Califomia 92120
CT0/'06
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING, INC.
62B0 RIVERDALE ST. SAN D.EGO, CALir. 9212D • TELE 2SD.43Z. • P.O. BOX 20627 SAN DIEGQ. CALIF. 92,20
e , B ENTERPRISE ST. E S C O N D . D O. C A L . r. , Z O Z S • TELE , - 6 - - 5 - -
May 15, 1990
Lyon Canminities, Incorporated
4330 La Jolla Village Drive
Suite 130
San Diego, Califomia 92122
SCS&T 9021049
Report Nb. 1
ATTENTION: Mr. George Haviar
SUBJECT: Interim Report of Geotechnical Investigation, Calavera Heights
Villages W-X-Y, Tamarack and College Boulevard, Carlsbad,
Califomia.
Gentlemen:
In accordance with your request, we liave conpleted an interim geotechnical
investigation for the subject project. Vfe are presenting herewith our
findings eind recottmendations.
In general, we found the site suitable for the proposed developnent provided
the recomnnendations presented in the attached report are followed.
If you have any questions after reviewing the contents contained in the
attached report, please do not hesitate to contact this office. This
opportunity to be of professional service is sincerely appreciated.
Respectfully submitted,
SOOTHEWJ CAI/IFDRNIA^SOii/ &
'A
'ING, INC.
Daniel B. Atiler, R.C.E. #36037
DBA:JRH:KAR:mw
cc: (2) Submitted
(4) Hunsaker and Associates
(1) SCS&T, Escondido
SOUTHERN CALIFDRNIA
tohn R. High, C.E.G
AND TESTING
TABLE OF COMHWrS
PPCE
Introduction and Project Description 1
Project Scope
Findings
Site Description
General Geology and Subsurface Conditions
Geologic Setting and Soil Description 3
1) Basement Conplex-Jurassic Metavolcanics and
Cretaceous Granitics (Jmv^/Kgr) 4
2) Santiago Formation {Es) 5
3) Older Quatemary (Pleistocene) Alluvium (Qoal) 5
4) Younger Quatemary (Holocene) Alluvium (Qyal) 5
Tectonic Setting "l
Geologic Hazards ^
Groundshaking °
Seismic Survey and Rippability Characteristics 8
General • ^
Rippability Characteristic of Granodioritic Rock 12
Rippable Condition (0-4,500 Ft./Sec.) 12
Marginally Rippeible Condition
(4,500 Ft./Sec.-5,500 Ft./Sec) 13
Nonrippable Condition (5,500 Ft./Sec. & Greater) 13
Rifpability Characteristics of Metavolcanics and Associated
Hypabyssal Rocks and Tonalitic Rocks 13
Rippable Condition (0-4,500 Ft./Sec.) 13
Marginally Rippable Condition (4,500-5,500 Ft. /Sec.) 14
Nonrippable Condition (5,500 Ft.Sec. & Greater) 14
Seismic Traverse Limitations 14
Groundwater
Conclusions and Reconmendations 1°
General ^°
Grading
Site Preparation 1'
Select Grading 1^
Cut/Fill Transition 1^
Inported Fill 1^
Rippability 18
Oversized Rock ^°
Slope Construction 18
Surface Drainage 18
Subdrains 1^
Earthwork 1^
Slope Stability 19
Foundations 1^
General 1^
Reinforcement 20
Interior Concrete Slabs-on-Grade 20
Exterior Concrete Slabs-on-Grade 21
Special Lots 21
Expansive Characteristics 21
Settlenent Characteristics 21
Earth Retaining Walls 22
Peissive Pressure 22
Active Pressure. ,22
TABLE OF COMTENIS (continued)
PAGE
Backfill ll
Factor of Safety
Limitations _ ,
Review, Obseivation and Testing ^-i
Uniformity of Conditions
Change in Scope
Time Limitations
Professional Standard
Client's Responsibility
Field Explorations
Laboratory Testing
MTACHMENTS
TABLES
Table I
Table II
Table III
Generalized Engineering Characteristics of Geologic
Units, Page 6
The Maximum Bedrock Accelerations, Page 8
Seismic Traverse Sunmary, Pages 9 through 12
FIGURE
Figure 1 Site Vicinity Map, Follows Page 1
FLAXES
Plate 1 Plot Plan
Plate 2 Unified Soil Classification Chart
Plates 3-9 Trench Logs
Plate 10 Grain Size Distribution
Plate 11 Conpaction Test Results
Expansion Test Results
Plate 12 Direct Shear Summary
Plate 13 Oversize Rock Disposal
Plate 14 Canyon Subdrain Detail
Plate 15 Slope Stability Calculations
Plate 16 Vfeakened Plane Joint Detail
Plate 17 Retaining Wall Subdrain Detail
Plates 18-20 Seismic Line Traverses
Plates 21-23 Catepillar Rippability Charts
Reconmended Grading Specification and Special Provisions
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING, INC.
S2S0 mVERDALE ST. SAN DIEGO. CALir. 92,20 • TELE2B0..32, • P.O. BOX 20627 SAN DIEGO CAL.r. 92,,a
ENTERPRISE ST. ESCONO.OO, C . . . T. ,,C.S • TE.E ,
miERIM REPORT OF GBOIBCHNICAL INVESTIGATICN
CALAVERA HEICSnS VILLAGES W-X-Y
TAMARACK AND COLLEGE BOULEVARD
CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA
INTRODOCnON AND PROJECT DESCRIPTICN
This report presents the results of our interim report of geotechnical
investigation for Calavera Heights Subdivision, Villages W-X-Y, Tamarack and
College Boulevard, in the City of Carlsbad, Califomia. The site location is
illustrated on the following Figure Nunter 1.
It is our understanding that the site will be developed to receive a
residential subdivision with associated paved streets. It is anticipated
that the structures will be one and/or tvro stories high and of vrood frame
construction. Shallow foundations and conventional slab-on-grade floor
systems are proposed. Grading will consist of cuts and fills up to
approximately 40 feet and 35 feet deep, respectively. Cut and fill slopes up
to approximately 35 feet high at a 2:1 (horizontal to vertical) are also
anticipated.
Ito assist with the preparation of this report, ^ vere provided with a
grading plan prepared by Hunsaker and Associates dated Decenber 6, 1989. In
addition we reviewed our "Supplenental Soil Investigation, Calavera Hills
Subdivision," dated October 6, 1988, "Report of Geotechnical Investigation,
Village Q and T, Calavera Hills Subdivision," dated January 10, 1984, and
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING, INC.
•OUTHBRM CALIPORNIA
SOIL A TBSTINQ,INC.
CALAVERAS HEIGHTS-VILLAGE •OUTHBRM CALIPORNIA
SOIL A TBSTINQ,INC. BV: KAR/EM DATI: 5-15-90
•OUTHBRM CALIPORNIA
SOIL A TBSTINQ,INC.
FIGURE #1
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 ^^9® 2
our "Sunmary of Geotechnical Investigation, Lake Calavera Hills," dated
August 6, 1984. The site configuration, topography and approximate locations
of the subsurface explorations are shown on Plate Number 1.
PROJECT SCOPE
This interim report is based on the review of the aforementioned preliminary
report for the Calavera Hills Subdivision. A site specific report will be
prepared at a later date when further field investigation and analysis of
laboratory data has been completed. For the purpose of this report
appropriate field investigation and laboratory test data was extracted from
the previously nentioned report. More specifically, the intent of this study
was to:
a) Describe the subsurface conditions to the depths influenced by the
proposed construction.
b) The laboratory testing perfomed in the referenced report was used
to evaluate the pertinent engineering properties, including
bearing capacities, expansive characteristics and settlement
potential, of the anticipated materials which will influence the
developnent of the proposed subject site.
c) Describe the rippability characteristics of the existing rock.
d) Define the general geology at the site including possible geologic
hazards vAvLch could have an effect on the site developnent.
e) Develop soil engineering criteria for site grading and provide
recomtendations regarding the stability of proposed cut and fill
slopes.
f) Address potential constmction difficulties and provide
reconmendations conceming these problems.
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Pag® 3
g) Reconmsnd an appropriate foundation system for the type of
structures anticipated and develop soil engineering design
criteria for the reconmended foundation design.
FINDINGS
STTE EESCRIPnCW
The subject site is an irregular shaped parcel of land, designated as
Villages W, X and Y within the Calavera Heights development in Carlsbad,
Califomia. The subject site covers approximately one hundred acres and is
bounded on the south, east and north by undeveloped land and by residential
housing and undeveloped land on the west. Topographically, the site is
located in hilly terrain with veil developed, large, drainage courses with
steep-sided slopes. Elevations range from approxijnately 325 feet (MSL) at
the central northem property boundary to 90 feet (MSL) at the eastem
boundary. The inclinations of the natural slopes are generally on the order
of 1.5 to 1, horizontal to vertical, or flatter. Drainage is acconplished
via sheetflow and the well developed drainage courses in southerly, easterly
and northeasterly directions. Vegetation is conprised of sparse to very
dense chaparral on the hillsides and dense native shrubs and small trees
within the large drainage courses. Overhead power lines traverse the site in
a southwest to northeast direction. The site is undeveloped, with the
exception of the pover lines.
GE2IERAL GEOUJSI AND SUBSURFACE OCNDITICNS
CTCEOnC SETTIMG AM) SOIL raSCRIPTICN: The subject site is located near the
boundary between the Foothills Physiographic Province and the Coastal Plains
Pl^iographic Province of San Diego County and is underlain by materials of
igneous and sedimentary origin and surficial residuum. "The site is underlain
by the basenent conplex rocks consisting of Jurassic-age netavolcanic rocks.
Cretaceous-age granitic rocks, as well as Tertiary-age Santiago Formation
and Quatemary-age alluvium. A brief description of the materials on-site,
in general decreasing order of age, is presented below.
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 ^
1) BASEMEOT CCMPLEX - JURASSIC METAVOLCANICS AND CRETTBCBOUS GRANITICS
(Jimr/Kgr): The oldest rocks exposed at the site are the Jurassic
netavolcanic and associated hypabyssal rocks. The metavolcanic
rocks are generally andesite or dacite in composition and the
associated hypabyssal rocks are their porphyritic equivalents (ie:
diorite porphyry to granodiorite porphyry). The fine grained
hypabyssal rocks are considered to be about the same age as the
netavolcanics and are consequently older than the other intmsive
rocks found at the site. Both the metavolcanics and the associated
hypabyssal rtxrks weather to dark, smooth hills or jagged, angular
outcrops with a clayey, rocky topsoil. The metavolcanic and
hypabyssal rocks are generally rippable with conventional
earth-moving equipnent to depths of only a few feet.
The other rocks in the basement complex are the granitic rocks of
the Cretaceous Southem Califomia Batholith which have intmded
the older rocks and are, to a large degree, mixed with them. The
granitic rocks at the project site appear to be both tonalitic and
granodioritic in conposition. The tonalitic rocks are usually dark
gray, fine to nedium grained rocks whereas the granodioritic rocks
are usually yellowish brown to grayish brown, medium to coarse
grained rocks. The weathering and rippability characteristics of
the tonalitic rocks appear to be somewhat similar to those of the
netavolcanic/hypabyssal rocks. The tonalitic rocks may be rippable
to greater depths than the netavolcanic rocks but ripping may be
difficult and tine consuming. In addition, it should be noted that
the material generated from the tonalitic rocks will have the
appearance of the metavolcanic rocks rather than that of good
quality "decomposed granite". In contrast to the weathering
characteristics of the metavolcanic/hypabyssal rock and the
tonalitic rocks, the granodioritic rocks commonly weather to
rounded outcrops or boulders in a matrix of grus ("decomposed
granite"). The granodioritic rocks are variable in their excavation
characteristics but conrnonly contain areas which are rippable to
SCS&T 9021049 Mav 15, 1990 Page 5
depths of several feet or several tens of feet, yet include
localized areas of boulders or unweathered rock which are not
rippable with conventional heavy equipment.
The areas underlain by the respective rock types in the basenent
complex are intermixed and are not differentiated on the
accompanying geologic map. It should be noted that since the
different rock types are mixed, the areas on the map v*iere given a
dual classification. The boundaries between the basenent rock types
are very irregular, therefore they were not differentiated on Plate
Number 1.
2) SANTIAGO FC»RMATION (Es): The Eocene sediments at the project site
are represented by the sandstones, siltstones, and claystones of
the Santiago Formation. The Santiago Formation at the site appears
to be characterized largely by the grayish white sandstones and
siltstones with lesser amounts of the dark greenish brown
claystone. A well-developed, clayey topsoil is present on most of
the Santiago Formation.
3) OLDER QU2flERNARy (PI£ISrOCENE) ALLUVIUM (Qoal): Older alluvial
deposits consisting of grayish brown to yellowish brown and
greenish brown, medium dense, silty sands, clayey sands, and sandy
silts were encountered at the southeastem portion of the project
site. These deposits range in thickness from only a few feet to in
excess of ten feet. Smaller, un-mapped areas may be encountered at
other scattered locations.
4) YDCNC3ER CJUATERNARY (HC3L0CENE) ALLUVIUM (Qyal): Younger alluvial
deposits consisting of unconsolidated, loose to medium dense
deposits of clay, silt, sand, and gravel are present in the modem
drainage courses. These deposits range in thickness from less than
a foot to over ten feet. Due to their ubiquitous occurrence, the
younger alluvial deposits are not delineated on the geologic map
except in the larger channels.
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Page 6
A relatively thin layer of loose topsoils and subsoils should be anticipated
overlying the entire site. These deposits consist of varying mixtures of
silts, sands and clays. It is estimated that these deposits do not exceed
3.5 feet in combined thickness.
Table I presents sone of the pertinent engineering characteristics of the
materials at the site.
•TABLE I
(3NERALIZED ENGINEERING CHARACTERISTICS OF MAIN GEOUXilC UNITS
Unit Name
and Symbol Rippability
Amount of
Oversize
Material
Slope
Stability/
Erosion Conpress ibility
Ej^sansive
Potential
Granitic Rocks-
Kgr
(Granodiorite)
Granitic Rocks-
Kgr (Tonalite)
Metavolcanic
and Hypabyssal
Rocks-Jmv
Santiago
Formation-Es
(Mudstone)
Santiago
Formation-Es
(Sandstone and
Siltstone)
Older
Alluvium-Qoal
Generally
Rippable to
+ 15 Feet
Marginally
Rijpable to
Nonrippable
Marginally
Rippable to
Nonrippable
Rippable
Rippable
Rippable
Low to
Moderate
Moderate to
High
Moderate to
High
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
Good Nominal
Good Nominal
Good Nominal
Generally
Poor
Generally
Good
Low
Low
Moderately
Erodible
Moderate
to High
Nominal
Nominal
Nominal
Moderate
to High
Low to
Moderate
Low to
High
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Page 7
TBCICNIC SETTING: A few small, apparently inactive faults have been mapped
previously within the vicinity of the site. No evidence of faulting was
noted in our exploratory trenches for the referenced reports but it is
possible that future grading operations at the site may reveal some of these
faults. Due to their status of activity and geometry, these small faults
should be only of minor consequence to the project.
It should also be noted that several prominent fractures and joints which
are probably related, at least in part, to the strong tectonic forces that
dominate the Southem Califomia region are present within the vicinity of
the site. These features are usually near-vertical and strike in both a
general northwesterly direction (subparallel to the regional stmctural
trend) and in a general northeasterly direction (subperpendicular to the
regional stmctural trend). All cut slopes should be inspected by a
qualified geologist to assess the presence of adverse jointing conditions in
the final slopes.
In addition, it should be recognized that much of Southem Califomia, is
ageracterized by major, active fault zones that could possibly affect the
subject site. The nearest of these is the Elsinore Fault Zone, located
approximately 20 miles to the northeast. It should also be noted that the
possible off-shore extension of the Rose Canyon Fault Zone is located
approximately eight miles west of the site. The Rose Canyon Fault Zone
conprises a series of northwest trending faults that could possibly be
classified as active based on recent geologic studies. It is anticipated
that the Rose Canyon Fault will be classified as active in the near future.
Recent seismic events along a small portion of the Rose Canyon Fault Zone
have generated earthquakes of 4.0 or less magnitude. Other active fault
zones in the region that could possibly affect the site include the Coronado
Banks and San Clenente Fault Zones to the vest, the Agua Bianca and San
Miguel Fault Zones to the south, and the Elsinore and San Jacinto Fault
Zones to the noi±heast.
GBQLCXnC HAZARDS: The site is located in an area vrfiich is relatively free of
potential geologic hazards. Hazards such as tsvinamis, seiches, liquefaction,
and landsliding should be considered negligible or nonexistent.
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Page 8
GTOUNDSHAEONG: One of the most likely geologic hazards to affect the site
is groundshaking as a result of movement along one of the major, active
fault zones nentioned above. The maximum bedrock accelerations that vrould
be attributed to a maximum probable earthquake occurring along the nearest
portion of selected fault zones that could affect the site are summarized in
the following Table II.
-TABLE II
Maximum Probable Bedrock Design
r aux u ctLji vs
Rose Canyon 8 miles 6.5 nagnitude 0. 36 g 0. 23 g
Elsinore 20 miles 7.3 magnitude 0. 25 g 0. 17 g
Coronado Banks 24 miles 7.0 magnitude 0. 18 g 0. 12 g
San Jacinto 43 miles 7.8 magnitude 0. 14 g 0. 10 g
Earthquakes on the Rose Canyon Fault Zone are expected to be relatively
minor. Major seismic events are likely to be the result of movement along
the Coronado BanJcs, San Jacinto, or Elsinore Fault Zones.
Ej^rience has shown that stmctures that are constmcted in accordance with
the Uniform Building Code are fairly resistant to seismic related hazards.
It is, therefore, our opinion that stmctural damage is unlikely if such
buildings are designed and constructed in accordance with the minimum
standards of the most recent edition of the Uniform Building Code.
SEiaaC SURVEY AND RIPPABnJTY CHARACIERISTICS
GENERAL: The results of our seismic survey and exploratory trenches
perfomed for the referenced reports indicate that blasting will be required
to obtain proposed cuts. In addition, isolated boulders are anticipated
within cut areas that may require special handling during grading
operations. A sunnary of each seismic traverse is presented in Table III
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Page 9
below, and Plates Number 18 through 20. Our interpretation is based on the
rippability characteristics of granitic and netavolcanic rock as described
in Pages 12 through 15.
•TABLE III
Seismic Ttawerse No. S73-14
Proposed Cut: 48 Feet
Geologic Unit: Metavolcanic
Interpretation: 0'-15' Nonrippable
Seismic Traverse No. SW-10
Proposed Cut: 50 Feet
Geologic Unit: Metavolcanic
Interpretation: 0'- 3' Rippable
3'-17' Rippable with Hardrock Floaters
17'-30' Nonrippable
Seismic Traverse No. SW-IOR
Proposed Cut: 50 Feet
Geologic Unit: Metavolcanic
Interpretation: 0'- 3' Rippable
3'-17' Rippable with Hardrock Floaters
17'-30' Nonrippable
Seismic Traverse No. SW-11
Proposed Cut: None
Geologic Unit: Metavolcanic
Interpretation: 0'- 6' Rippable
6'-2 7' Nonrippable
Seismic Traverse Ho. SW-llR
Proposed Cut: None
Geologic Unit: Metavolcanic
Interpretation: 0'- 6' Rifpable
6'-2 7' Nonrippable
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Page 10
TABLE III (continued)
Seismic Traverse No. SW-12
Proposed Cut: 29 Feet
Geologic Unit: Metavolcanic
Interpretation: 0'- 6' Rippable
6'-21' Marginally Rippable with Hardrock Floaters
+ 21' Nonrippable
Seismic Traverse No. SW-12R
Proposed Cut: 29 Feet
Geologic Unit: Metavolcanic
Interpretation: 0'- 5' Rippable
5'- 26' Rippable with Hardrock Floaters
+ 26' Nonrippable
Seismic Traverse No. SW-13
Proposed Cut: 13 Feet
Geologic Unit: Metavolcanic
Interpretation: 0'- 4' Rippable
4'-15' Rippable with Hardrock Floaters
+ 15' Nonrippable
Seismic Traverse No. SW-14
Proposed Cut: 38 Feet
Geologic Unit: Metavolcanic
Interpretation: 0'- 4' Rippable
4'-21' Rippable with Hardrock Floaters
+ 21' Nonrippable
Seismic Traverse No. SW-14R
Proposed Cut: 38 Feet
Geologic Unit: Metavolcanic
Interpretation; 0'- 3' Rippable
3'-14' Rippable with Hardrock Floaters
14'-30' Marginally Rippable with Hardrock Floaters
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Page 11
TABL£ III (continued)
Seismic Traverse No. SX-15
Proposed Cut:
Geologic Unit:
Interpretation:
Unknown
Metavolcanic
0'- 6' Rippable
6'-15' Rippable with Hardrock Floaters
+ 15' Nonrippable
Seismic Traverse No. SX-15R
Proposed Cut: Unknown
Geologic Unit: Metavolcanic
Interpretation: O'-ll' Rippable
+ 11' Nonrippable
Seismic Traverse No. SZl-16
Proposed Cut:
Geologic Unit:
Interpretation:
None
Granitic
0'-16'
16'-27'
+ 27'
Rippable
Rippable with Hardrock Floaters
Nonrippable
Seismic Traverse No. SZ1-16R
Proposed Cut: None
Geologic Unit: Metavolcanic/Granitic
Interpretation: 0'-20' Rippable with Hardrock Floaters
+ 20' Nonrippable
Seismic Traverse No. SZ2-17
Proposed Cut: UnJarawn
Geologic Unit: Mstavolcanic/Granitic
Interpretation: 0'- 5' Rippable
+ 5' Nonrippable
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Page 12
TABL£ III (continued)
Seismic Traverse No. SZ2-17R
Proposed Cut: UnJoiown
Geologic Unit: Metavolcanic/Granitic
Interpretation: 0'-20' Rippable with Hardrock Floaters
+ 20' Nonrippable
In general, our seismic survey indicated that areas underlain by granitic
rock present rippable material to depths ranging up to approximately 27
feet, with nonrippable naterial below this depth. In areas underlain by
netavolcanic and associated hypabyssal rock, nonrippable materials appear to
be encountered at depths of approximately 0 feet to 21 feet. In addition, a
variable zone of marginally rippable rock usually exists between the
rippable and nonrippable rock.
The generation of fine material during blasting and mining operations is
essential due to the characteristics of the on-site rock material.
Therefore, "pre-shooting" of nonrippable material before removing the
overlying soils and rippable rock is suggested. This procedure often helps
to generate nore fine naterial and to facilitate the mixing of soil and rock
to be used as fill.
RIPPABILrry CHARACTERISTIC OF (3W«CDI0RITIC ROCK
RIPPABLB CCMDinCN (0-4,500 FT./SBC.): This velocity range indicates
rippable materials which may consist of deconposed granitic rock
possessing random hardrock floaters. These materials will break down
into slightly silty, well graded sand, v*iereas the floaters will require
disposal in an area of nonstmctural fill. Some areas containing
nunerous hardrock floaters nay present utility trench problems. Further,
large floaters ejqjosed at or near finish grade may present additional
problems of removal and disposal.
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Pag® 13
Materials within the velocity range of from 3,500 to 4,000 fps are
rippable with difficulty by backhoes and other light trenching
equipment.
MARGINALLY RIPPAHLJE CONDITION (4,500 rT./SEC.-5,500 FT./SBC.): This
range is rippable with effort by a D-9 in only slightly weathered
granitics. This velocity range may also include numerous floaters with
the possibility of extensive areas of fractured granitics. Excavations
may produce material that will partially break down into a coarse,
slightly silty to clean sand, but containing a high percentage of + 1/4"
naterial. Less fractured or v^athered materials may be found in this
velocity range that would require blasting to facilitate removal.
Materials within this velocity range are beyond the capability of
backhoes and lighter trenching equipment. Difficulty of excavation
would also be realized by gradalls and other heavy trenching equipment.
NONRIPPAHL£ CCTOmCN (5,500 FT./SBC. & GREATER): This velocity range
includes nonrippable material consisting primarily of fractured
granitics at lower velocities with increasing hardness at higher
velocities. In its natural state, it is not desirable for building pad
subgrade. Blasting will produce oversize naterial requiring disposal in
areas of nonstmctural fill.
This upper limit has been based on the Rippability Chart shown on Plates
Nuntaer 18 through 20 utilized for this report. However, as noted in the
Caterpillar Chart on Plates Number 21 through 23, this upper limit of
rippability nay sonetines be increased to 7,000 to 8,000 fps material
using the D-9 mounted #9 Series D Ripper.
PTPPARTT.rry CHARACIERISTICS OF MErDWQLCANICS AND ASSGCIAaH) HYPABYSSAL
ROCKS AND TONALITIC ROCKS
RIPPABB^ CCMDITION (0-4,500 FT./SBC.): This velocity range indicates
rippable naterials vdiich nay vary from deconposed metavolcanics at
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Page 14
lower velocities to only slightly decomposed, fractured rock at the
higher velocities. Although rippable, materials may be produced by
excavation that will not be useable in structural fills due to a lack of
fines. Experience has shown that material within the range of 4,000 to
4,500 fps most often consists of severely to moderately fractured
angular rock with little or no fines and sizeable quantities of + 1/4"
naterial.
For velocities between 3,500 to 4,500 fps, rippability will be difficult
for backhoes and light trenching equipment.
MAKSINALLY RIPPABLE OONDITION (4,500-5,500 FT./SBC.): Excavations in
this velocity range vrould be extrenely time consuming and vrould produce
fractured rock with little or no fines. The higher velocities could
require blasting. Trenching equipnent would not function.
NONRIPPABLE OONDITION (5,500 FT./SBC. & GREATER): This velocity range
nay include noderately to slightly fractured rock which vrould require
blasting for removal. Material produced would consist of a high
percentage of oveisize and cingular rock.
Rippability of netavolcanics may be acconplished for higher velocities
using the Caterpillar D-9 with the #9 D Series Ripper. Due to the
fractured nature of sone netavolcanics, ripping might be accomplished in
as high as 8,000 fps material.
SEISMIC TRAVERSE LIMITKTICNS
The results of the seismic survey for this investigation reflect rippability
conditions only for the areas of the traverses. However, the conditions of
the various soil-rock units appear to be similar for the remainder of the
site and nay be assuned to possess similar characteristics.
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Page 15
Our reporting is presently limited in that refraction seismic surveys do not
allow for prediction of a percentage of expectable oversize or hardrock
floaters. Subsurface variations in the degree of weathered rock to
fractured rock are not accurately predictable.
The seismic refraction method requires that materials become increasingly
dense with depth. In areas where denser, higher velocity materials are
underlain by lower velocity materials, the lower velocity materials vrould
not be indicated by our survey.
All of the velocities used as upper limits for rippability are subject to
fluctuation depending upon such local variations in rock conditions as:
a) Fractures, Faults and Planes of Weakness of Any Kind
b) Weathering and Degree of Deconposition
c) Brittleness and Crystalline Nature
d) Grain Size
Further, the range of rippability using Caterpillar equipment may be
increased using different equipment. However, it should be noted that
rijping of higher velocity materials may become totally dependent on the
tine available and the econonics of the project. Ripping of higher velocity
naterials can be achieved but it nay becone economically infeasible.
OtOUNDWATER: No groundwater was encountered during our subsurface
explorations for the referenced reports. Even though no najor groundwater
problems are anticipated either during or after constmction of the proposed
development, seasonal groundwater from precipitation mnoff may be
encountered within the larger drainage swales during grading for the
developnent. It is suggested that carbon subdrains be installed within
drainage swales which are to receive fill. It should be realized that
groundwater problems may occur after developnent of a site even v^iere none
were present before developnent. These are usually minor phenomena and are
often the result of an alteration of the pemeability characteristics of the
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Page 16
soil, an alteration in drainage pattems and an increase in irrigation
water. Based on the permeability characteristics of the soil and the
anticipated usage of the developnent, it is our opinion that any seepage
problems which may occur will be minor in extent. It is further our opinion
that these problems can be most effectively corrected on an individual basis
if and when they develop.
CONCLUSICNS AND RBCXMENDATICNS
GEUEIRAL
In general, no geotechnical conditions were encountered which vrould preclude
the development of the site as tentatively planned, provided the
reconnendations presented herein are followed.
The main geotechnical condition that will affect the proposed site
development include hard granitic, netavolcanic, and hypabyssal rock, which
will require heavy ripping and blasting in order to make the proposed
excavations. It is anticipated that the material generated from the cuts of
the granitic, netavolcanic and hypabyssal rock will contain relatively low
anounts of fine soils and large amounts of oversized material. Since rock
fills require a percentage of fine soil, mining of the site, inporting of
fine naterials or exporting excess rock may be necessary. Existing loose
surficial deposits such as topsoils, subsoils, younger alluvium, and any
weathered formational materials encountered are considered unsuitable for
the support of settlenent sensitive inprovenents, and will require reraoval
and/or replacenent as conpacted fill. Expansive soils vere also present
within the subject area. Where possible, select grading is reconnended to
keep nondetrinentally expansive soils within four feet from finish pad
grade. In areas where this is not feasible, special foundation consideration
will be necessary. Hbwever, it is anticipated that only minor amounts of
e^qjansive soils vtfill be encountered.
SCS&T 9021049
OUTING
Mav 15, 1990 Page 17
SITE PREPARKTICN: Site preparation should begin with the removal of any
existing vegetation and deleterious matter from proposed improvement areas.
Removal of trees should include their root system. Any existing loose
surficial deposits such as topsoils, subsoils, younger alluvium and any
weathered formational materials, in areas to be graded should be removed to
firm natural ground. The extent of the topsoils and subsoils will be
approximately one to three and one half feet. Firm natural ground is defined
as soil having an in-place density of at least 90 percent. Soils exposed in
the bottom of excavations should be scarified to a depth of 12 inches,
moisture conditioned and reconpacted to at least 90 percent as determined in
accordance with ASIM D 1557-78, Method A or C. The minimum horizontal limits
of removal should include at least five feet beyond the perimeter of the
stmctures, and all areas to receive fill and/or settlement-sensitive
inprovenents.
SELECT GRMSnCi Expansive soils should not be allowed vd.thin four feet from
finish pad grade. In addition, expansive soils should not be placed within a
distance from the face of fill slopes equal to ten feet or half the slope
height, whichever is more. Select material should consist of granular soil
with an expansion index of less than 50. It is reconnended that select soils
have relatively low pemeability characteristics. In areas undercut for
select grading purposes, the bottom of the excavation should be sloped at a
minimum of three percent away from the center of the structure. Minimum
lateral extent of select grading should be five feet away from the perimeter
of settlement-sensitive inprovenents.
COT/FILL TRAiemCK: It is anticipated that a transition line between cut
and fill soils may run through some of the proposed building pads. Due to
the different settlenent characteristics of cut and fill soils, constmction
of a stmcture partially on cut and partially on fill is not reconmended.
Based on this, we reconnend that the cut portion of the building pads be
undercut to a depth of at least three feet below finish grade, and the
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Page 18
materials so excavated replaced as uniformly compacted fill. The minimum
horizontal limits of these reconnendations should extend at least five feet
outside of the propxosed inprovenents.
IMPORIED FHi: All fill soil imported to the site should be granular and
should have an expansion index of less that 50. Further, inport fill should
be free of rock and lunps of soil larger than six inches in diameter and
should be at least 40 percent finer than 1/4-inch. Any soil to be imported
should be approved by a representative of this office prior to inporting.
RIPPABILrnr: It is anticipated that the proposed cuts will require heavy
ripping and blasting. Plates Number 18 through 20 contain the results of our
seismic traverses. The results are sunmarized within this report. This
condition will be further evaluated during the preparation of the
geotechnical investigation report. Additional seismic traverses will be
perfomed in areas vrtiere deep cuts are proposed.
0VEI6IZED HOCK: Oversized rock is defined as material exceeding six inches
in maxirtum dinension. It is anticipated that oversized naterial will be
generated from proposed cuts. Oversized naterial may be placed in stmctural
fills as described in Plate Number 13.
SLOPE CONSTROCnCN: The face of all fill slopes should be conpacted by
backrolling with a sheepjsfoot conpactor at vertical intervals no greater
than four feet and should be track walked when conpleted. Select grading
should be perfomed to limit expansive soils within ten feet from face of
fill slope or one half the slope height, whichever is greater.
Recommendations contained within this report reflect a select grading
condition. All cut slopes should be observed by our engineering geologist to
verify stable geologic conditions. Should any unstable conditions be found,
mitigating measures could be required.
SURFACE DRIUNAGE: It is reconnended that all surface drainage be directed
away from the stmctures and the top of slopes. Ponding of water should not
be allowed adjacent to the foundations.
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Page 19
SUBDRAINS: A subdrain should be installed in canyon areas to receive fill in
excess of ten feet. A subdrain detail is provided in Plate Number 14.
EARfflWORK: All earthwork and grading contemplated for site preparation
should be acconplished in accordance with the attached Reconnended Grading
Specifications and Special Provisions. All special site preparation
reconnendations presented in the sections above will supersede those in the
Standard Reconnended Grading Specifications. All embankments, stmctural
fill and fill should be conpacted to at least 90% relative conpaction at or
slightly over optimum moisture content. Utility trench backfill within five
feet of the proposed stmctures and beneath asphalt pavenents should be
corapacted to mimmum of 90% of its maximum dry density. The upper tvelve
inches of subgrade beneath paved areas should be conpacted to 95% of its
maximum dry density. This compaction should be obtained by the paving
contractor just prior to placing the aggregate base material and should not
be part of the nass grading requirements. The maximum dry density of each
soil type should be determined in accordance with ASTM Test Method
D-1557-78, Method A or C.
SLOPE STZVBILITy
Proposed cut and fill slopes should be constmcted at a 2:1 (horizontal to
vertical) or flatter inclination. It is estimated that cut and fill slopes
will extend to a naximum height of about 35 feet. It is our opinion that
said slopes will possess an adequate factor of safety with respect to deep
seated rotational failure and surficial failure (see Plate Nuniber 15). The
engineering geologist should observe all cut slopes during grading to
ascertain that no adverse conditions are encountered.
F0UM3ATI0NS
GH^ERAL: If the lots are capped with nondetrinentally expansive soils,
conventional shallow foundations may be utilized for the support of the
proposed stmctures. The footings should have a mininum depth of 12 inches
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Page 20
and 18 inches below lowest adjacent finish pad grade for one-and-tvro-story
constmction, respectively. A minjjnum width of 12 inches and 18 inches is
reconnended for continuous and isolated footings, respectively. A bearing
capacity of 2000 psf may be assumed for said footings. This bearing
capacity may be increased by one-third when considering wind and/or seismic
forces. Footings located adjacent to or within slopes should be extended to
a depth such that a minimum distance of six feet and seven feet exist
between the footing and the face of cut slopes or fill slopes, respectively.
Retaining walls in similar conditions should be individually reviewed by
this office. If it is found to be unfeasible to cap the lots with
nondetrinentally expansive soils as reconmended, special foundation and slab
design will be necessary. This generally consists of deepened and more
heavily reinforced footings, thicker, more heavily reinforced slabs.
Reconnendations for expansive soil conditions will be provided after site
grading when the expansion index and depth of the prevailing foundation
soils are laiown.
REINPOIOMEKr: Both exterior and interior continuous footings should be
reinforced with at least one No. 4 bar positioned near the bottom of the
footing and one Nb. 4 bar positioned near the top of the footing. This
reinforcenent is based on soil characteristics and is not intended to be in
lieu of reinforcement necessary to satisfy stmctural considerations. If
expansive soils exist within four feet of finish grade, additional
reinforcing vrill be necesseuy-
INTERIOR CONCRETE ON-GRADE SLABS: If the pads are capped with
nondetrinentally expansive soils, concrete on-grade slabs should have a
thickness of four inches and be reinforced with at least No. 3 reinforcing
bars placed at 36 inches on center each way. Slab reinforcement should be
placed near the middle of the slab. As an altemative, the slab reinforcing
nay consist of 6"x6"-W1.4xW1.4 (6"x6"-10/10) velded wire mesh. Hcwever, it
should be realized that it is difficult to naintain the proper position of
wire nesh during placement of the concrete. A four-inch-thick layer of
clean, coarse sand or cmshed rock should be placed under the slab. This
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Page 21
layer should consist of material having 100 percent passing the
one-half-inch screen; no more than ten percent passing sieve #100 and no
more than five percent passing sieve #200. Where moisture-sensitive floor
coverings are planned, the sand or rock should be overlain by a visqueen
moisture barrier and a two-inch-thick layer of sand or silty sand should be
provided above the visqueen to allow proper concrete curing.
EXTERIOR SUVBS-CN-GRADE: For nonexpansive soil conditions, exterior slabs
should have a minimum thickness of four inches. Walks or slabs five feet in
width should be reinforced with 6"x6"-W1.4xW1.4 (6"x6"-10/10) voided wire
nesh and provided with weakened plane joints. Any slabs between five and ten
feet should be provided with longitudinal weakened plane joints at the
center lines. Slabs exceeding ten feet in width should be provided with a
weakened plane joint located three feet inside the exterior perimeter as
indicated on attached Plate Number 16. Both traverse and longitudinal
weakened plane joints should be constmcted as detailed in Plate Number 16.
Exterior slabs adjacent to doors and garage openings should be connected to
the footings by dowels consisting of No. 3 reinforcing bars placed at
24-inch intervals extending 18 inches into the footing and the slab.
SPECIAL LOTS: Special lots are defined as lots underlain by fill with
differential thickness in excess of ten feet. The following increased
foundation reconnendations should be utilized for said lots. Footings
should be reinforced with two No. 4 bars positioned near the bottom of the
footing and two No. 4 bars positioned near the top of the footing. Concrete
on grade slabs should be reinforced with at least No. 3 reinforcing bars
placed at 18 inches on center each way. lots with fill differentials in
excess of thirty feet should be evaluated on an individual basis.
EKPANSIVE CHARflClERISnCS: Metavolcanic rock generally weathers to a clayey
subsoil, and its presence within four feet of finish pad grade will require
special site preparation and/or foundation consideration.
SETTUOIDIT ODWACEBRISnCS: The anticipated total and/or differential
settlements for the proposed stmctures may be considered to be within
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Page 22
tolerable limits provided the reconnendations presented in this report are
followed. It should be recognized that minor hairline cracks on concrete due
to shrinkage of constmction materials or redistribution of stresses are
normal and may be anticipated.
EARTH RETAINING WALLS
PASSIVE PRESSURE: The passive pressure for the prevailing soil conditions
may be considered to be 450 pounds per square foot per foot of depth up to a
naximum of 2000 psf. This pressure may be increased one-third for seismic
loading. The coefficient of friction for concrete to soil may be assuned to
loe 0.35 for the resistance to lateral movenent. When combining frictional
and passive resistance, the fomer should be reduced by one-third. The upper
12 inches of exterior retaining wall footings should not be included in
passive pressure calculations v^en landscaping abuts the bottom of the wall.
ACTIVE PRESSURE: The active soil pressure for the design of unrestrained
earth retaining stmctures with level backfills may be assumed to be
equivalent to the pressure of a fluid veighing 35 pounds per cubic foot. For
2:1 (horizontal to vertical) sloping backfills, 14 pcf should be added to
the preceding values. These pressures do not consider any surcharge. If any
are anticipated, this office should be contacted for the necessary increase
in soil pressure. This value assumes a drained backfill condition.
Waterproofing details should be provided by the project architect. A
subdrain detail is provided on the attached Plate Number 17.
BACKFILL: All backfill soils should be conpacted to at least 90% relative
conpaction. E3q>ansive or clayey soils should not be used for backfill
material. The wall should not be loackfilled until the masonry has reached
an adequate strength.
EftCTOR OF SAFEW: The above values, with the exception of the allowable
soil bearing pressure, do not include a factor of safety. ji^ropriate
factors of safety should be incorporated into the design to prevent the
walls from overtuming and sliding.
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Page 23
LIMITATICNS
REVIEW, OBSERVZm:CN AND TESTING
The reconnendations presented in this report are contingent upon our review
of final plans and specifications. Such plans and specifications should be
made available to the geotechnical engineer and engineering geologist so
that they may review and verify their compliance with this report and with
Chapter 70 of the Uniform Building Code.
It is reconmended that Southem Califomia Soil & Testing, Inc. be retained
to provide continuous soil engineering services during the earthwork
operations. This is to verify compliance with the design concepts,
specifications or reconnendations and to allow design changes in the event
that subsurface conditions differ from those anticipated prior to start of
constmction.
imPDRMrrr OF CCNDITICKS
The reconnendations and opinions expressed in this report reflect our best
estimate of the project requirements based on an evaluation of the
subsurface soil conditions encountered at the subsurface exploration
locations and on the assumption that the soil conditions do not deviate
appreciably from those encountered. It should be recognized that the
performance of the foundations and/or cut and fill slopes may be influenced
by undisclosed or unforeseen variations in the soil conditions that may
occur in the intemediate and unexplored areas. Any unusual conditions not
covered in this report that may be encountered during site development
should be brought to the attention of the geotechnical engineer so that he
may make modifications if necessary.
CHNNGE IN SaOPE
This office should be advised of any changes in the project scope or
proposed site grading so that we may determine if the recommendations
contained herein are appropriate. This should be verified in writing or
modified by a voritten addendum.
SCS&T 9021049
TIME LIMITATICNS
May 15, 1990 Page 24
The findings of this report are valid as of this date. Changes in the
condition of a property can, hovrever, occur with the passage of time,
whether they be due to natural processes or the work of man on this or
adjacent properties. In addition, changes in the Standards-of-Practice
and/or Govemnent Codes may occur. Due to such changes, the findings of
this report nay be invalidated wholly or in part by changes beyond our
control. Therefore, this report should not be relied upon after a period of
two years without a review by us verifying the suitability of the
conclusions and recommendations.
PROFESSIONAL STANDARD
In the perfomance of our professional services, we conply with that level
of care and skill ordinarily exercised by members of our profession
currently practicing under similar conditions and in the sane locality. The
client recognizes that subsurface conditions may vary from those encountered
at the locations v^iere our trenches, surveys, and explorations are made, and
that our data, interpretations, and recOTnendations are based solely on the
information obtained by us. We will be responsible for those data,
interpretations, and reconnendations, but shall not be responsible for the
interpretations by others of the information developed. Our services
consist of professional consultation and observation only, and no warranty
of any kind whatsoever, express or implied, is made or intended in
connection with the vrork perfomed or to be perfomed by us, or by our
proposal for consulting or other services, or by our fumishing of oral or
written reports or findings.
CLIEWr'S RESPCNSIBIUTY
It is the responsibility of Lyon Commimities Incorporated, or their
representatives to ensure that the information and reconnendations contained
herein are brought to the attention of the stmctural engineer and architect
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Page 25
for the project and incorporated into the project's plans and
specifications. It is further their responsibility to take the necessary
measures to insure that the contractor and his subcontractors carry out such
reconmendations during constmction.
FIELD EXPLCWKTIONS
Three subsurface trench explorations vere nade at the locations indicated on
the attached Plate Nunfcer 1 on December 21, 1982, and three on July 7, 1983,
adjacent to or within the subject site (see Plates Nunfcer 3 through 6). In
addition. Plates Nunfcer 7 through 9 from the referenced reports contain
additional trench excavations nade in December 15, 1982, of similar soils
within the subject subdivision. These explorations consisted of trenches dug
by the means of a backhoe. One seismic traverse was performed on i^ril 14,
1973 and eight were performed on January 11, 1983. The field work was
conducted under the observation of our engineering geology personnel. The
results are shown on Plates Nunfcer 18 through 20.
The soils are described in accordance with the Unified Soils Classification
System as illustrated on the attached sinplified chart on Plate 2. In
addition, a verbal textural description, the wet color, the apparent
moisture and the density or consistency are provided. The density of
granular soils is given as either very loose, loose, medium dense, dense or
very dense. The consistency of silts or clays is given as either very soft,
soft, nedium stiff, stiff, very stiff, or hard.
LADCKMORY TESTING
Laboratory tests were perfomed in accordance with the generally accepted
Anerican Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM) test nethods or suggested
procedures. A brief description of the tests perfomed is presented below:
a) CLfiSSIFICKnCN: Field classifications were verified in the
laboratory by visual examination. The final soil classifications
are in accordance with the Unified Soil Classification System.
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Page 26
b) M)ISTURE-DENSITY: In-place moisture contents and dry densities
were determined for representative soil samples. This information
was an aid to classification and permitted recognition of
variations in material consistency with depth. The dry unit
weight is determined in pounds per cubic foot, and the in-place
noisture content is determined as a percentage of the soil's dry
weight. The results are sunmarized in the trench logs.
c) GRMN SIZE DISTRIBOTION: The grain size distribution was
determined for representative sanples of the native soils in
accordance with ASTM D422. The results of these tests are
presented on Plate Number 10.
d) OCMPACnON TEST: The maximum dry density and optimum moisture
content of typical soils were determined in the laboratory in
accordance with ASTM Standard Test D-1557-78, Method A. The
results of these tests are presented on the attached Plate Number
11.
e) EXPANSION TEST: The expansive potential of clayey soils was
determined in accordance with the following test procedure and
the results of these tests appear on Plate Nunfcer 11.
Allow the trimned, undisturbed or remolded sample
to air dry to a constant moisture content, at a
temperature of 100 degrees F. Place the dried
sanple in the consolidometer and allow to conpress
under a load of 150 psf. Allow noisture to contact
the sanple and neasure its expansion from an air
dried to saturated condition.
f) DIRBCT SHEAR TESTS: Direct shear tests were perforned to
detemiine the failure envelope based on yield shear strength.
The shear box vras designed to accommodate a sanple having a
SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION LEGEND
UNIFIED SOIL CLASSIFICATION CHART
SOIL DESCRIPTION
COARSE GRAINED, more than half
of material is larger than
No. 200 sieve size.
GRAVELS CLEAN GRAVELS
More tnan half of
coarse fraction is
larger than No. 4
sieve size but
GROUP SYMBOL
GW
smaller than 3"
GRAVELS WITH FINES
(Appreciable amount
of fines)
SANDS CLEAN SANDS More than half of
coarse fraction is
smaller than No. 4
sieve size.
SANDS WITH FINES
(Appreciable amount
of fines)
II. FINE GRAINED, more than
half of material is smaller
than No. 200 sieve size.
SILTS ANO CLAYS
Liquid Limit
less than 50
SILTS ANO CLAYS
Liquid Limit
greater than 50
GP
GM
GC
SW
SP
SM
SC
ML
CL
OL
MH
CH
OH
HIGHLY ORGANIC SOILS PT
fYPK NAMES
Well graded gravels, gravel-
sand mixtures, little or no
fi nes.
Poorly graaed gravels, gravel
sand mixtures, little or no
fines.
Silty gravels, poorly graded
gravel-sand-silt mixtures.
Clayey gravels, poorly
graded gravel-sand, clay
mixtures.
Well graded sand, gravelly
sands, little or no fines.
Poorly graded sands, gravelly
sands, little or no fines.
Silty sands, poorly graded
sand and silty mixtures.
Clayey sands, poorly graded
sand and clay mixtures.
Inorganic silts and very
fine sands, rock flour, sandy
silt or clayey-silt-sand
mixtures with slight plas-
ticity.
Inorganic clays of low to
medium plasticity, gravelly
clays, sandy clays, silty
clays, lean clays.
Organic silts and organic
silty clays or low plasticity,
Inorganic silts, micaceous
or diatomaceous fine sandy
or silty soils, elastic
silts.
Inorganic clays of high
plasticity, fat clays.
Organic clays of medium
to high plasticity.
Peat and other highly
organic soils.
US
Water level at time of excavation
or as indicated
Undisturbed, driven ring sample
or tube sample
CK — Undisturbed chunk sample
BG — Bulk sample
SP — Standard penetration sample
y/V SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
SOIL A TBSTING, INC.
CALAVERA HEIGHTS-VILLAGE W-X-Y y/V SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
SOIL A TBSTING, INC. BY: KAR/EM DATE: 5-03-90
y/V SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
SOIL A TBSTING, INC.
JOB NUMBER: 9021049 Plate No. 2
I
Class
TRENCH ::o.
Description
•50
SM Gray-brovrn, Moist, Dense co Very Dense,
Siltv Sand (Decomposed Granice)
Trench Ended at 4 Feet
y\ SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
XSCjS soil- & TEBTINQ, INC.
^yl^^ SAN OIMO, CALiranNIA ••^BO
CALAVERA HEIGHTS-VILLAGE W-X-Y
BY
CRB
DATE
12-21-82
JOB NO.
9021049 Plate Mo. 3
-'ISM/
sc
/ ^JTOOT Red-brov.Ti, ISC. ..eaium Jense.
•?3Cii }
Veilow-bro;m, ..ea-brown, Jrav-brcim.
M.oist, llediurn Dense. Clavev Silcv Sand.
Porous (Older .liiuvium')
Sandv Clav/Clavev Sand
Trench ^ndeQ ac iO Feet
113.: 8.0
i(y/.8 15.5
fl SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
\ SOIL & TESTIIMQ, INC.
•AN Oirao, CALiranNIA ••^•a
CALAVERA HEIGHTS--VILLAGE W-X-Y
1 BY
CRB
DATE
12-21-82
1 JOB NO.
9021049 Plate I'o. 4
.ass e s c r:
SI'/ F.ec-brown. .''cisc. I'.ediurr. D<,inse, clayey
S ilrv S.-ind (""•..•osoii)
li SM Vej.iow ana urav-orouTv. ..Jisc, Dense co
Ver\ Dense. SilCv Sand (Cecioir.Dosed Granite)
Trench Ended ac i Feet
5i> SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
SOIL & TESTINQ , INC.
•AN aiano, CAi.if>aNNiA ••^•a
CALAVERA HEIGHTS--VILLAGE W-X-Y • CRB DATE
12-21-82
i JOB NO.
9021049 Plate No. 5
z
Ol o Q. t-TY CA L E 5 u.
a. Cfl
cn
< < cn
TRENCH NUMBER TX-77
ELEVATION
t- UJ
Z tc
< W a. — Q. O
< z
Z
UJ
c
CL a. <
•ESCRIPTION
>
O
z
UJ <A
Z
(A UJ « °
Z o o
>
I-
o
z _
UJ — ° 1 >-cc
Q
UJ ?5
tr
I ^
5 ^
5 O
o
z
o
a
Z o o
GM BROWN SANDY GRAVEL (TOPSOIL) | HUMID/ MEDIUM
MOIST I DENSE
GM GRAY BROWN SANDY GRAVEL
METAVOLCANIC ROCK)
HUMID VERY
DENSE
REFUSAL AT 2.5'
TX-78
CL BROWN SILTY CLAY (TOPSOIL) MOIST STIFF
GM GRAY BROWN SANDY GRAVEL
(METAVOLCANIC ROCK)
HUMID VERY
DENSE
REFUSAL AT 3'
TRENCH NUMBER X-79
CL BROWN SILTY CLAY (TOPSOIL) MOIST STIFF
GM GRAY BROWN SANDY GRAVEL
(METAVOLCANIC ROCK)
HUMID VERY
DENSE
REFUSAL AT 3'
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
SOiL &TESTiNG,INC.
SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION LOG
LOGGED BY: CRB
JOB NUMBER: 9021049
DATE LOGGED: 7-18-83
Plate No. 6
TRENCH NUMBER
:_ = VAT;C: N
DEEOP.IPTICN
ac
OJ —,
X ^
< tn a. — 1 O
< z
E <
Q. a. <
2
OJ CO
2 J5
<n
z
o o
GC O
I ^
2 _
•JJ -° 1 >-
S
Q
UJ i
X
3 t-h- Z
cn UJ
i ^
* o u
UJ
>
UJ
c
re
o
^-
<
a
Z o o
SM/Sq RED BROWN. CLAYEY SILTY
SAND (TOPSOIL)
RED, BROWN. GRAY, SANDY
CLAY (WEATHERED DECOMPOSED
GRANITE)
YELLOW BROWN, SILTY GRAVELY
SAND (DECOMPOSED GRANITE)
MOIST TO
WET
WET
MOIST
MEDIUM
DENSE
MEDIUM
STIFF
DENSE TO
VERY DENSE
REFUSAL AT 3'
TRENCH NUMBER TQ-2
•r BG
CK
SM/SL BROWN CLAYEY SILTY SAND
(TOPSOIL) MOIST
ML GREEN BROWN, SANDY SILT MOIST
MEDIUM
DENSE
STIFF
d_ SM/ML
I BG
5
6-4
YELLOW. RED, BROWN. SILTY
SAND (WEATHERED DECOMPOSED
GRANITE)
MOIST MEDIUM
DENSE
SM YELLOW BROWN, SILTY SAND
(DECOMPOSED GRANITE) MOIST MEDIUM
DENSE TO
DENSE
121.9 12.1
VERY DENSE
TRENCH ENDED AT 8'
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
SOIL A TESTING,INC.
SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION LOG SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
SOIL A TESTING,INC. LOGGED BY:
CRB
DATE LOGGED: T 5.82
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
SOIL A TESTING,INC.
JOB NUMBER: 9021049 Plate No. 7
— ; DEPT DEPT <
,1
I \ TRENCH NUMBER
a. I —
CO
<
OEE'ZP.iPTi.Z N
— a: JJ —
X Z
< cn
Q. —
3. O
< z
Z 2 -
UJ
<
o.
<
CA
W z o u
UJ
GC
o
10 z _
UJ —
> sc
Q
3
^—
tn 5
z
- z
o
z
UJ o > —
<
UJ
E
O <
a.
Z o u
BAG^M/SC
CK 1
RED BROWN. CLAYEY SILTY
SAND (TOPSOIL)
MOIST MEDIUM
DENSE
—
SM 1
i
YELLOW BROWN, SILTY SAND
(DECOMPOSED GRANITE)
MOIST DENSE TO
VERY DENSE —
CK I
i
—
CK 118.2 10.8
—
TRENCH ENDED AT 8* —
!
i TRENCH NUMBER '3-7 —
3-
6.
7
O-l
pM RED BROWN. SILTY SAND MOIST MEDIUM
(TOPSOIL) DENSE
1 _ CK —
SM DARK GRAY, GRAVELY SILTY MOIST DENSE TO —
2^ SAND (DECOMPOSED GRANITE) VERY DENSE
TRENCH ENDED AT 2'
-
—
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
SOIL A TESTING,INC.
SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION LOG SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
SOIL A TESTING,INC. LOGGED BY: DATE LOGGED: ] 2-15-82
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
SOIL A TESTING,INC.
JOB NUMBER: 9021049 Plate No. 8
- I '-^ -.1
< I <
I -
TRENCH NUMBER
— (X
'JJ —
X Z
< cn
Q. — 2. O
< z
Ol
I X <
1 Q-
1 <
DEEGPIPTICN
cn r o
cn 2
UJ
3
X
O
Cfl 2 _
UJ —
° 1
>-
X
a
UJ
X
1-
cn
O
Z 2
O
o
UJ o > —
I. K (J < <
-J a
SM/ I RED BROWN. CLAYEY SILTY
SC I SAND (TOPSOIL)
MOIST MEDIUM
DENSE
GM GRAY, SANDY GRAVEL
(METAVOLCANIC ROCK)
:r BAGI
MOIST DENSE TO
VERY DENSE
TRENCH ENDED AT 5
TRENCH NUMBER TQ-9
,1-
SM/
SC
CL
SM
RED BROWN, CLAYEY SILTY
SAND (TOPSOIL)
MOIST
CK
BAGI
GRAY BROWN. SANDY CLAY
(WEATHERED DECOMPOSED
GRANITE)
MOIST
MEDIUM
DENSE
STIFF
YELLOW BROWN, SILTY SAND
(DECOMPOSED GRANITE)
MOIST DENSE TO
VERY DENSE 128.1 10.1
TRENCH ENDED AT 6'
SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION LOG
LOGGED BY: DATE LOGGED: 12-15-82
JOB NUMBER: 9021049 Plate No.. 9
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
SOIL ATESTING,INC.
lOOrrr
90
ao
70
I 60
50
S 40
u
20
10
36" 16-
24V 12"
0
IOOO 4 12
2*
_ 1 'i.
U.S Standard Sieves
J^" tio •20 "Mo iHiL)
»t > (t «
i6o
* • I 4 S 4 S
I
Groin Sue (m m)
Hydrometer
(Minutes)
& JO ISO
»t7« S 4 1 Ul 34 I S !. 4 S
44Q Ol'
IOU
;)Ci
60
70
t li
'It;
40'
li
3(1
u
3
2 0 «,
1 0 — «
0
PARTICLE SIZE LIMITS
GRAVEL SAND SILT OR CLAY
BOULDER COBBLES Cooria Fin* Coort* 1 Mtdlum | Fln«
(12 in.) 3 in. 3/4 In.
U. S.
No.4 No.lO
STANDARD SIEVE SIZE
TQ-2 @ 3'
—_ TQ-2 P 4'-5'
— . . .— TQ-8 0 r-S'
ASTM D1557-78 METHOD A
•:.AMPLE DESCRIPTION Maximum |
Density
(pet)
Optimum 1 Moisture 1 Conte/.) 1
3 2'-3' Yellow Brown, Silty Gravelly Sand 114.8 13.8 1
TG-2 3 2'-3' Green Brown, Sandy Silty Clay 114.0 15.0 1
• D-2 (3 4'-5' Yellow/Reddish Brown, Silty Sand 112.6 14.8 1
*0-8 ? 3'-4' Grey, Silty Sandy Gravel 128.4 11.7 1
MAXIMUM DENSITY & OPTIMUM MOISTURE CONTENT
EXPANSION TEST RESULTS
1 SAMPLE TQ-2 LJ 2'-3' TQ-2 @ 3'-4'
CONDITION Remolded ' Remolded j
• 'NITIAL M.C. C"/.) 16.1 H.8 ' ! ^ 1
irJITlAL ZZNSITY (PCFl 101.3 101.8 i i 1
"FINAL M.C. (•/.) 30.5 26.0
• NORMAL STRESS (PSF) 150 150
EXPANSION % 15.0 0 *?
0 . .J
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
SOIL A TESTING, INC.
CALAVERA HEIGHTS-VILLAGE W-X-Y
BY: KAR
JOB NUMBER: 9021049
DATE: 1-10-84
Plate No. 11
I
I
I
I
u.
UJ
£
)-
CO
s
<
UJ
X
0)
DIRECT SHEAR SUMMARY
2
2M L 2L
NORMAL STRESS, KSF
SAMPLE OESCRIPTION
ANQLE OP INTERNAL
FRICTION (•)
COHESION INTERCEPT
(psf)
TQ-8@3'-4' Remolded to 90% 38 200
SOUTHBRN CALIPORNIA
SOIL A TESTINQ,INC.
CALAVERA HEIGH •T: KAR
JOB NUMBtR . 9021049
S-VILLAGE W-X-Y
DATE: 5-01-90
Plate No.12
o
0
z
c
Ul
o
H
PI
Ut
H
z
o
a
7^
(A o c
H
Z
m
o
> r
IB
o
o ro I—• o
LO
o
o
3»
m
>
Ln
I
_QY£flSlZ£_BQt:»^'^P-Q^'^^
( blruclurul Soil - RocK Till )
P/L
n>
Ln
I
o
OJ
o
X
I -<
•ons
C0*V«Ctt4 toti nil IMII CMttlH it Ii4it 40 ptrcint
tall lIlM Hl>(*l )/<-l«ck >Ut«, (b| •tight). 4nd
k« co«^actH la accaratau MIU tfutricitloAi ror
ilractaral fill.
lacki a«ar • faat la aaalwa ^IMMIOA itot piraititd
la rill.
KCC MO
lon A: Conpicled toll fill, hu rock trtqintnH over i Inchet In grtiitM
diiwntlon.
tONC I: ll<Klii I lo 4 fttt In mtttm^m diacfltlon pitced In
>:iMP4Cled toll rill canruralnf lo IONC A.
IONC C: laickt i Inthct lo t 'eel In mttlmtm diaenilon unUoraly dltlrlbu-
Ifd 4nd well tptccd In coii««cltd toll MII conforalng la IOU «.
IONC 0: Hequlred for tll eihling ilopei (:l «nd tlceper, 90( nlnlnu*
cotytctlon, IONC A. I. or C ntlcrltl aty bc uted for IONC 0.
NATURAL /
GROUND
BENCHINQ ^
CANYON SUBDRAIN DETAIL
V/^ / ////// COMPACTED FILL //// /.
/>^J7^U/ / '/////////// /•/ /Jl" REMOVE
UNSUITABLE
MATERIAL
SUBDRAIN TRENCH:
SEE DETAIL AAB
DETAIL A
FILTER MATERIAL
-e CUBIC FEET/FOOT
FILTER MATERIAL SHALL BE CLASS 2
PERMEABLE MATERiAL PER STATE OF
CALIFORNIA STANOARD
SPECIFICATIONS. AND APPROVED
ALTERNATE. CLASS 2 FILTER MATERIAL
SHOULD COMPLY WITH THE
FOLLOWING LIMITS
PERFORATED
PIPE 4 0
MINIMUM
PERFORATED PIPE SURROUNDED
WITH FILTER MATERIAL
SIEVE SIZE
1
3/4
3/8
No. 4
Ntt. 8
Now 30
No. 60
No. 200
% PASSINQ
100
90-100
40-100
28-40
18-33
5-18
0-7
0-3
DETAIL B DETAIL OF CANYON SUBDRAIN TERMINAL
6 MIN OVERLAP DESIQN FINISH
QRADE
FILTER
FABRIC (MIRAFI 140 OR
APPROVED
EOUIVALENT)
0
DETAIL \ 1 1/2 MAX QRAVEL OR / DETAIL
B-1 APPROVED EQUIVALENT B-2
6 CUBIC FEET/FOOT
1 1/2 QRAVEL WRAPPED IN FILTER FABRIC
SUBDRAIN iNSTALLATION:SUBDRAiN PIPE SHALL BE INSTALLED WITH
PERFORATIONS DOWN
SUBDRAIN PIPE'-SUBDRAIN PIPE SHALL BE PVC OR ABS, TYPE SDR 35 FOR FILLS
UP TO 35 FEET DEEP, OR, TYPE SDR 21 FOR FILLS UP TO 100 FEET DEEP
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA CALAVERA HEIGHTS-VILLAGE W-X-Y
y SOIL A TEI STING, INC. BY: KAR DATE: 5-03-90
\4/ JOB NUMBER: 9021049 Plate No. 14
SLOPE ST.-.BILI'Y CALCULATIONS
Janbu's Simoiifiea Slooe Stability Method
\C(p-WH Tend) FSrNcfC C ^
WH '
Assume Homoaeneous Strenath Parameters throuanout the slooe
38
Metavolcanic &
Granitic Rock *
Cut & Fill Slopes
Cfpsf) W_(pcf) Incl H (ft)
200 130 2:1 35 2.2
Average Shear Strength Values
Where: .fiT
C
W
s
H
FS
Angle of Internal Friction
Cohesion (psf)
Unit weight of Soil (pcf)
Height of Slope (ft)
Factor of Safety
yv SOUTHBRN CALIPORNIA
SOIL A TESTINQ,INC.
CALAVERA HEIGHTS - VILLAGE W-X-Y
BY: KAR
JOB NUMBER: 9021054
DATE: 5-03-90
Plate No. 15
TnANSVERSE
WEAKENED
PLANE JOINTS
Q' ON CENTER
(MAXIMUM)
w
w/2 w/2 !
\
-•0'
SLABS IN EXCESS OF
10 FEET IN WIDTH
SLABS' 5 TO 10
FEET IN WIDTH
PLAN
NO SCALE
2
I
n TOOLED JOINT
r/2
(6"X6--10/10> WELDED
WIRE MESH
\
WEAKENED PLANE JOINT DETAIL
NO SCALE
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
SOIL L TESTINQ. INC.
CALAVERA HEIGHTS-VILLAGE W-X-Y
BYi KAR
JOB NUMBiRft 9021049
DATBi.. 5-03-90
Plate No. 16
WATERPROOF BACK OF WALL PER
ARCHITECTS SPECIFICATIONS
3/4 INCH CRUSHED ROCK OR
MARIDRAIN eooo OR EQUIVALENT
QEOFABRIC BETWEEN ROCK ANO SOIL
4" DIAMETER PERFORATED PIPE
HOUSE ON QRADE SLAB
i
HOUSE RETAINING WALL
SUBDRAIN DETAIL
NO SCALE
i
^>/V SOUTHBRN CALIPORNIA
i^E< SOIL A TESTINQ,INC.
CALAVERA HEIGHTS-VILLAGE W-X-Y
BY: KAR
JOB NUMBER: 9021049
DATE: 5-03-90
Plate No. 17
RIPPABILITY iNDEX
NO RIPPING SOFT MEDIUM HARD BLASTING
71
0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000 9000 10000
VELOCITY, FT./SEC.
RESULTS
TRAVERSE NO.
S73-8
-PH. a b
S73-9
rl.
I
I
f
I
S73-1CS73-1:.
^
/
h
S73-1' S73-1
'h
'I
\l
S73-l(
alb
/ 1
'OTE: THE ABOVE RESULTS ATTEMPT TO SHOW DEPTHS TO HORIZONS OF VARYING
DENSITY IN DIFFERENT LOCATIONS OVER THE STUCf^ AREA. SEISMIC TRAVERSE
NUMBERS REFER TO LOCATIONS PIDTED ON ATTACHED PLANS.
THE*RIPPABIUTY INDEX*IS A MODIFICATION OF CHARTS BY THE CATERPILLAR
CO. AND ARTICLE IN *ROAOS AND STREETS; SEPT^ 1967.
I^^W SOUTHERN CAUFORNIA TESTING
LABORATORY. INC.
• BpB^ C2S0 RIVEROALE STREET fl X^r tAN OtEOa CAUFORNIA 92120
• 714<aM134
CALAVERA HEIGHTS-VILLAGE W-X-Y
1 SEISMIC RESULTS BY DBA DATE ^-14-73 1 SEISMIC RESULTS
JOBNO. 9021049 Plate No. 18
RIPPABILITY NDEX
NO RIPPING SOFT MEDIUM HARD
/
PIT
BLASTING
/ / FWPI
A
/ /
/
0 1000 2000 lO'OO 40b0 5000 6000 7000 BOOO 9000 10000
VELOCITY, FT/SEC.
RESULTS
TRAVERSE NO.
OTE- THE ABOVE RESULTS ATTEMPT TO SHOW DEPTHS TO HORIZONS OF VARYING
DENSITY IN DIFFERENT LOCATIONS OVER THE STUCTf AREA. SEISMIC TRAVERSE
NUMBERS ^ REFER TO LOCATIONS PIDTED ON ATTACHED PLANS.
THE RIPPABIUTY INOEX'lS A MODIFICATION OF CHARTS BY THE CATERPILLAR
CO. AND ARTICLE IN 'ROADS AND STREETS; SEPT^ 1967.
SOUTHERIM CALIFQRIMIA
SOIL & TESTING LAB, INC.
••oo mvanoALB amMT
•AN OIBOO, eAi.iranNiA aaiao
CALAVERA HEIGHTS-VILLAGE W-X-Y
I SEISMIC RESULTS •Y DBA
X>B NO. 9021049
DATE 1-11-83
Plate No. 19
RIPPABILITY NDEX
NO RIPPING SOFT MEDIUM HARD BLASTING 7-
2000 3000 4000 50
VELOCITY,
9000 10000
RESULTS
TRAVERSE NO.
GEDPH,
a.
Ul
Q
a Tb a I b a I b a I b a I & a It?
NOTE: THE ABOVE RESULTS ATTEMPT TO SHOW DEPTHS TO HORIZONS OF VARYING
DENSITY IN DIFFERENT LOCATIONS OVER THE STUDf AREA. SEISMIC TRAVERSE
NUMBERS REFER TO LOCATIONS PiDTED ON ATTACHED PLANS.
THE*RIPPABIUTY INDEX*IS A MODIFICATION OF CHARTS BY THE CATERPILLAR
CO. ANO ARTICLE IN 'ROADS AND STREETS; SEPT. 1967.
1 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
/LSEO SO"- &TESTINC3 LAB, INC.
BAN OIBQO, CALIFORNIA BBIBO
CALAVERA HEIGHTS -VILLAGE W-X-Y
SEISMIC RESULTS BY DBA DATE 1-11-83 1 SEISMIC RESULTS
JOB NO. 9021049 Plate No. 20 1
D8L
CATERPILLAR
PERFORMANCE HANDBOOK
Edition 17
October 1986
Seiamic Velocity
DBL Ripper Performance
• Multl or Single Shank No. 8 Ripper
• Estimated by Seismic Wave Velocities
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
SOIL & TESTING, INC.
CALAVERA HEIGHTS-VILLAGE W-X-Y
BY: KAR
JOB NUMBER: 9021049
DATE: 5-03-90
Plate No. 21
DSL
CATERPILLAR
PERFORMANCE HANDBOOK
Edition 17
October 1986
Seiamic Velocity
TOPSOIL
CLAY
IGNEOUS ROCKS
GRANITE
3A8ALT
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
3 HALE
SANOBTONE
3ILTST0NE
CLAYSTONE
CONOLOMERATE
METAMORPHIC ROCKS
3CHI8T
SLATE
RIPPABLE
14 15
DSL Ripper Performance
• Multi or Single Shank No. 9 Ripper
• Estimated by Seismic Wave Velocities
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
SOIL & TESTING, INC.
CALAVERA HEIGHTS-VILLAGE W-X-Y
BYi KAR
JOB NUMBERt 9021049
DATE: 5-03-90
Plate No. 22
3aiamic Velocity
• 1000
Dl 1N
CATERPILLAR
PERFORMANCE HANDBOOK
Edition 17
October 1986
3 J. 5 8 7 '0 11 12 13 14
TOPSOIL
CLAY
IGNEOUS ROCKS
QRANITE
BASALT
SEDIMENTARY ROCKS
SHALE
SANDSTONE
SLTSTONE
CLAYSTONE
CONOLOMERATE
METAMORPHIC ROCKS
SCHIST
SLATE
15
TZZZZZZZ
YZZZZZZZZZ
TZZZZZZ2ZZZZZ
RIPPABLE MAROMAL NON-RIPPABLE
Dl 1 N Ripper Performance
• Multl or Single Shank No. 9 Ripper
• Estimated by Seismic Wave Velocities
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
SOIL S. -TESTING, INC.
CALAVERA HEIGHTS-VILLAGE W-X-Y
BY: KAR
JOB NUMBER: 9021049
DATE: 5-03-90
Plate No. 23
CALAVERA HEIOTTS VILLM^S W-X-Y, TAMARACK AND CXILLEX^E BOULEVARD, CARLSBAD
RBCXHMENDED O^ING SPBCIFICATIONS - GENERAL PROVISIONS
GOIERAL INlSfr
The intent of these specifications is to establish procedures for clearing,
conpacting natural ground, preparing areas to be filled, and placing and
conpacting fill soils to the lines and grades shown on the accepted plans.
The recomtendations contained in the preliminary geotechnical investigation
report and/or the attached Special Provisions are a part of the Recommended
Grading Specifications and shall supersede the provisions contained
hereinafter in the case of conflict. These specifications shall only be
used in conjunction with the geotechnical report for which they are a part.
No deviation from these specifications will be allowed, except where
specified in the geotechnical report or in other written conminication
signed by the Geotechnical Engineer.
OBSERVATION AND TESTDC
Southern California Soil and Testing, Inc., shall be retained as the
Geotechnical Engineer to observe and test the earthwrk in accordance with
these specifications. It will be necessary that the Geotechnical Engineer
or his representative provide adequate observation so that he may provide
his opinion as to whether or not the vrork was accomplished as specified. It
shall be the responsibility of the contractor to assist the Geotechnical
Engineer and to keep him appraised of work schedules, changes and new
information and data so that he may provide these opinions. In the event
that any unusual conditions not covered by the special provisions or
preliminary geotechnical report are encountered during the grading
operations, the Geotechnical Engineer shall be contacted for further
recomnendations.
(R-9/89)
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Appendix, Page 2
If, in the opinion of the Geotechnical Engineer, substandard conditions are
encountered, such as questionable or unsuitable soil, unacceptable moisture
content, inadequate conpaction, adverse weather, etc.; construction should
be stopped until the conditions are remedied or corrected or he shall
recommend rejection of this work.
Tests used to determine the degree of conpaction should be performed in
accordance with the following American Society for Testing and Materials
test methods:
Maximum Density & Optiraum Moisture Content - ASIM D-1557-78.
Density of Soil In-Place - ASTM D-1556-64 or ASTM D-2922.
All densities shall be expressed in terms of Relative Compaction as
determined by the foregoing ASTM testing procedures.
PREPARATION OF AREAS TO RECEIVE FILL
All vegetation, brush and debris derived from clearing operations shall
be removed, and legally disposed of. All areas disturbed by site grading
should be left in a neat and finished appearance, free from unsightly
debris.
After clearing or benching the natural ground, the areas to be filled shall
be scarified to a depth of 6 inches, brought to the proper moisture content,
conpacted and tested for the specified minimum degree of conpaction. All
loose soils in excess of 6 inches thick should be removed to firm natural
ground vM.ch is defined as natural soils which possesses an in-situ density
of at leeist 90% of its naximum dry density.
(R-9/89)
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Appendix, Page 3
When the slope of the natural ground receiving fill exceeds 20% (5
horizontal units to 1 vertical unit), the original ground shall be stepped
or benched. Benches shall be cut to a firm competent formational soils. The
lower bench shall be at least 10 feet wide or 1-1/2 times the the equipment
width whichever is greater and shall be sloped back into the hillside at a
gradient of not less than two (2) percent. All other benches should be at
least 6 feet wide. The horizontal portion of each bench shall be conpacted
prior to receiving fill as specified herein for compacted natural ground.
Ground slopes flatter than 20% shall be benched v*ien considered necessary by
the Geotechnical Engineer.
Any abandoned buried stjructures encountered during grading operations must
be totally renoved. All underground utilities to be abandoned beneath any
proposed structure should be removed from within 10 feet of the structure
and properly capped off. The resulting depressions from the above described
procedures should be backfilled with acceptable soil that is conpacted to
the requirements of the Geotechnical Engineer. This includes, but is not
limited to, septic tanks, fuel tanks, sewer lines or leach lines, storm
drains and water lines. Any buried structures or utilities not to be
abandoned should be brought to the attention of the Geotechnical Engineer
so that he nay determine if emy special reconmendation will be necessary.
All water wells v^ich will be abandoned should be backfilled and capped in
accordance to the requirements set forth by the Geotechnical Engineer. The
top of the cap should be at least 4 feet below finish grade or 3 feet below
the bottom of footing \4iichever is greater. The type of cap will depend on
the diameter of the well and should be determined by the Geotechnical
Engineer and/or a qualified Structural Engineer.
(R-9/89)
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Appendix, Page 4
FILL MATERIAL
Materials to be placed in the fill shall be approved by the Geotechnical
Engineer and shall be free of vegetable matter and other deleterious
substances. Granular soil shall contain sufficient fine material to fill
the voids. The definition and disposition of oversized rocks and expansive
or detrimental soils are covered in the geotechnical report or Special
Provisions. Expansive soils, soils of poor gradation, or soils with low
strength characteristics may be thoroughly mixed with other soils to provide
satisfactory fill material, but only with the explicit consent of the
Geotechnical Engineer. Any import material shall be approved by the
Geotechnical Engineer before being brought to the site.
PLACING AND GCMPACTION OF FILL
Approved fill material shall be placed in areas prepared to receive fill in
layers not to exceed 6 inches in conpacted thickness. Each layer shall have
a uniform moisture content in the range that will allow the conpaction
effort to be efficiently applied to achieve the specified degree of
compaction. Each layer shall be uniformly compacted to the specified
minimum degree of compaction with equipment of adequate size to
economically conpact the layer. Conpaction equipment should either be
specifically designed for soil conpaction or of proven reliability. The
minimum degree of conpaction to be achieved is specified in either the
Special Provisions or the reconnendations contained in the preliminary
geotechnical investigation repoirt.
When the structural fill material includes rocks, no rocks will be allov^
to nest and all voids must be carefully filled with soil such that the
minimum degree of compaction recommended in the Special Provisions is
achieved. The naximum size and spacing of rock permitted in structural
fills and in non-structural fills is discussed in the geotechnical report,
v*ien applicable.
(R-9/89)
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Appendix, Page 5
Field observation and conpaction tests to estimate the degree of compaction
of the fill will be taken by the Geotechnical Engineer or his
representative. The location and frequency of the tests shall be at the
Geotechnical Engineer's discretion. When the conpaction test indicates that
a particular layer is at less than the required degree of conpaction, the
layer shall be reworked to the satisfaction of the Geotechnical Engineer and
until the desired relative conpaction has been obtained.
Fill slopes shall be conpacted by means of sheepsfoot rollers or other
suitable equipment. Conpaction by sheepsfoot rollers shall be at vertical
intervals of not greater than four feet. In addition, fill slopes at a
ratio of two horizontal to one vertical or flatter, should be traclcrolled.
Steeper fill slopes shall be over-built and cut-back to finish contours
after the slope has been constructed. Slope compaction operations shall
result in all fill material six or more inches inward from the finished face
of the slope having a relative conpaction of at least 90% of maximum dry
density or the degree of compaction specified in the Special Provisions
section of this specification. The conpaction operation on the slopes shall
be continued until the Geotechnical Engineer is of the opinion that the
slopes will be stable sttrficially stable.
Density tests in the slopes will be made by the Geotechnical Engineer during
construction of the slopes to determine if the irequired compaction is being
achieved. Where failing tests occur or other field problCTis arise, the
Contractor will be notified that day of such conditions by written
comnunication from the Geotechnical Engineer or his representative in the
form of a daily field report.
If the method of achieving the required slope conpaction selected by the
Contractor fails to produce the necessary results, the Contractor shall
rework or rebuild such slopes until the required degree of conpaction is
obtained, at no cost to the Owner or Geotechnical Engineer.
(R-9/89)
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Appendix, Page 6
COT SLOPES
The Engineering Geologist shall inspect cut slopes excavated in rock or
lithified formational material during the grading operations at intervals
determined at his discretion. If any conditions not anticipated in the
preliminary report such as perched water, seepage, lenticular or confined
strata of a potentially adverse nature, unfavorably inclined bedding, joints
or fault planes are encountered during grading, these conditions shall be
analyzed by the Engineering Geologist and Soil Engineer to determine if
nutigating measures are necessary.
Unless otherwise specified in the geotechnical report, no cut slopes shall
be excavated higher or steeper than that allovred by the ordinances of the
controlling govemmental agency.
ENGINEERING OBSERVKUGN
Field observation by the Geotechnical Engineer or his representative shall
be made during the filling and conpacting operations so that he can express
his opinion regarding the conformance of the grading with acceptable
standards of practice. Neither the presence of the Geotechnical Engineer or
his representative or the observation and testing shall not release the
Grading Contractor from his duty to compact all fill material to the
specified degree of conpaction.
SEASCK UMTES
Fill shall not be placed during unfavorable veather conditions. When v\rork
is interrupted by heavy rain, filling operations shall not be resumed until
the proper moisture content and density of the fill materials can be
achieved. Damaged site conditions resulting from weather or acts of God
shall be repaired before acceptance of vork.
(R-9/89)
SCS&T 9021049 May 15, 1990 Appendix, Page 7
RBOWMENraD C3«DING SPECIFICATIONS - SPECIAL PROVISIONS
RELATIVE CCMP^CnON: The minimum degree of conpaction to be obtained in
conpacted natural ground, conpacted fill, and conpacted backfill shall be at
least 90 percent. For street and parking lot subgrade, the upper six inches
should be conpacted to at least 95% relative conpaction.
EXPAierVE SOILS: Detrimentally expansive soil is defined as clayey soil
vAiich has an ejqjansion index of 50 or greater when tested in accordance with
the Uniform Building Code Standard 29-C.
OVERSIZED MKIERIAL: Oversized fill material is generally defined herein as
rocks or lunps of soil over 6 inches in dianeter. Oversize materials should
not be placed in fill unless reconmendations of placement of such material
is provided by the geotechnical engineer. At least 40 percent of the fill
soils shall pass through a No. 4 U.S. Standard Sieve.
HUNSmON lOrrS: Where transitions betv^n cut and fill occur within the
proposed building pad, the cut portion should be undercut a minimum of one
foot below the base of the proposed footings and reconpacted as structural
backfill. In certain cases that vrould be addressed in the geotechnical
report, special footing reinforcement or a conbination of special footing
reinforcement and undercutting may be required.
(R-9/89)