HomeMy WebLinkAboutCT 82-25A; GRAHAM INTERNATIONAL INC.; PRELIMINARY GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION; 1982-08-18I
PRELIMINARY GEOTECHNICAL INVESTIGATION
LAUREL TREE INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
LAUREL TREE LANE AND PALOMAR AIRPORT ROAD
CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA
PREPARED FOR
Agatep Corporation
2956 Roosevelt Street
Carlsbad, California 92008
PREPARED BY
Southern California Soil & Testing, Inc.
Post Office Box 20627
6280 Riverdale Street
San Diego, California 92120
SC
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING, INC.
6280 RIVERDALE ST. SAN DIEGO, CALIF. 92120 • TELE 280-4321 • P.O. BOX 20627 SAN DIEGO, CALIF. 92120
74831 V E L I E WAY PALM DESERT, CALIF. 92260 • T E L E 346-1070
678 ENTERPRISE ST. ESCONDIOD, CALIF. 92025 • T E L E 746-4544
August 18,. 1982
Agatep Corporation SCS&T 14065
2956 Roosevelt. Street Report No. 1
Carlsbad, California 92008
SUBJECT: Report of Preliminary Geotechnical Investigation, Laurel Tree
Industrial Development, Laurel Tree Lane and Palomar Airport
Road, Carlsbad, California.
Gentlemen:
In accordance with your request and our Proposal dated May 13, 1982, we
have completed a geotechnical investigation for the proposed project. We
are presenting herewith our findings and recommendations.
The findings of this, study indicate that the site is suitable for the
proposed development provided the special site preparation and foundation
recommendations presented in the attached report are complied with.
If you have any questions after reviewing the findings and recommendations
contained in the attached report, please do not hesitate to contact this
office. This 'opportunity to be of professional service is sincerely
appreciated.,.
Respectfully submitted,
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL & TESTING, INC.
.Russell,' 2142
RRR:cRB:rnw
cc: (6) Submitted
(1) SCS&T, Escondido
Curtis R. Burdett, C.E.G. #1090
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTINO, INC.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
Introduction and Project Description ......... . .. .'.. . ...... . . .. . . . . . . . .1
Project Scope ......... . . ......... . ......... . . . . . . . . . . . . . .................1
Fi ndings.. •....... . . . . . . . . . . .'. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . •....... . . . . . •....... . .2
Site Description....................... . . . . ...... .....................2
General Geblogy and Subsurface Conditions .................
............ 3
Geologic Setting and Soil Description ............................
Santiago Formation (Ts).................. .....................3
Quaternary Al lüvi al Deposits (Qal ) . . . . . . . 3
Artificial Fill (Qaf) ..........................................
Tectonic Setting ................................................. 4
Geologic Hazards ........... .......
Groundwater ....................................................... 5
Recommendations and Conclusions ......6
General DesignConsiderations ........................... .. .6
Site Preparation .................................................
Building Pad Preparation ..........................................6
Paved Areas ............................... ................- .. ......7
- - Surface. Drainage......................... ...... . . . . . . .7
Earthwork 7
Foundations 7
General ..... . ..... . ......... . . . . . . . . . ...... . . ........ .... ... . .7
Bearing Capacity 8
Pier Foundations .........• .............9
Settlement Characteristics ........ . . . . .;-. . ........... • .. . . . . . .9
Expansive Characteristics............ ..............
Limitations .................... ...................
Review, Observation and Testing . ................. 9
Uniformity of Conditions ............................................ 10
Change in Scope ..................................................... 10
Time Limitations........................ ...... ......................10
Professional Standards ............• ...........11
Client's Responsibility.............................................11
Field Explorations ....................................................... 11
Laboratory Testing......................................................12
ATTACHMENTS.
PLATES
Plate .1 Plot Plan
Plate 2: ,Unified Soil Classification Chart
'Plate 3-7 Boring' Logs
'Plate ,8 Direct Shear Test Results
Maximum Density and Optimum Moistrue Content '
Expansion' Test Results
Plate 9-10 Consolidation Load kips/sq ft
S ', S
,
•
, • APPENDIX S • 'S
'
S • ' S ' S
Recommended Grading Specification and Special Provisions S S
S
' ' •
'
'S . . S ",
5
S S
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING, INC.
62e0 RIVERDALE ST. SAN DIEGO, CALIF. 92120 • TELE 2B04321 • P.O. BOX 20627 SAN DIEGO, CALIF. 92120
7483,1VELIE WAY PALM DESERT, CALIF. 92260 T E L E 346-1078
67B ENTERPRISE ST. ESCONDIDO, CALIF. 92025 T E L E 746-4644
PRELIMINARY GEOTECHNI CAL INVESTIGATION
LAUREL TREE INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT.
LAUREL TREE LANE AND PALOMAR AIRPORT ROAD
CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA
INTRODUCTION AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION
This report presents, the results of our preliminary geotechni'cal inves-
tigation for a proposed six lot' commercial development which 'is to be
located adjacent to the intersection of Palomar Airport Road and Laurel
Tree Lane in Carlsbad, California. It is our understanding that six,
single story, concrete tilt-up structures are planned for this site. At
this time, the loading conditions for these buildings are not known.
It is our understanding 'that some additional grading may be necessary to
develop the site' with the maximum cut and fill slopes on the order of 5 to
10 feet in height. This information was taken from verbal conversations
with the client and project civil engineer. The site configuration and
exploration locations are shown on Plate Number 1 of this report.
PROJECT SCOPE
This investigation consisted of: surface reconnaissance; subsurface
explorations; obtaining representative disturbed and undisturbed samples;
laboratory testing;, analysis of the field and laboratory data; research of
available geological literature pertaining to the site; and preparation of
this report. Specifically, the intent of this analysis was to:
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING, INC.
I
SCS&T 14065 . August 18, 1982 Page 2
Explore the subsurface conditions to the depths influenced by the
proposed, construction.. . , . .• .
Evaluate, by'laboratory tests, the pertinent engineering proper-
ties of the various strata which will influence the development,
including their bearing capacities, expansive characteristics and
settlement potential.
Define the general geology at the site including possible geolo-
gic hazards which could have an effect. on the site development.
d) Develop soil engineering criteria for site grading.
e) Determine potential construction difficulties and provide recom-
mendations concerning these -problems.
f) Recommend an •appropriate foundation system for the type of struc-
tures anticipated and develop. soil engineering' design criteria
for the recommended foundation design.' : • '
FINDINGS '' ' .. • • - a
SITE DESCR IPTION
The subject site is a trapezium shaped parcel of land located southeast of
the intersection of 'Palomar Airport Road and Laurel Tree Road. The site
is bounded on the east and south by open, undeveloped land. The southern
portion of the -site is charactreized by steep canyon walls which rise on
the order of 100 feet above the broad alluvial valley in which most of the
site is located. A drainage channel which is approximately ten feet deep
is present at the base of the hills on the southern portion of the site.
Most of the site is underlain by artificial fill which attains a maximum
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING. INC.
SCS&T 14065 August 18, 1982 . Page 3
thickness of approximately 10 to 12. feet. Vegetation of the lower, flat-
ter portions of the site. consists of a moderate growth of grasses and
shrubs. No structures currently occupy the site and no evidence of former
structures was apparent at the time of our investigation.
GENERAL GEOLOGY AND SUBSURFACE CONDITIONS
GEOLOGIC SETTING -AND SOIL DESCRIPTION: The subject site is located in the
Coastal Plains Physiographic Province of San Diego County and is underlain
by sedimentary deposits of both Tertiary and Quaternary age and a substan-
tial amount of artificial fill. A brief description of these materials is'
presented below.
SANTIAGO FORMATION (Is): The oldest material exposed at the site is
the Eocene-age Santiago Formation which consists predominantly of fine
to medium grained, light 'gray sandstone with interbeds of mudstone and
shale. The Santiago Formation is exposed in the valley walls on the
southern portion of the site and underlies, the alluvium and fill in
the valley at an undetermined depth. .
QUATERNARY ALLUVIAL DEPOSITS (Qal): The majority of the site is in
Canyon.de las Encinas which contains thick deposits of Pleistocene and.
Holocene alluvium,.' These alluvial deposits consist of dark gray clays
and brown to grayish brown silty sands and clayey sands.
ARTIFICIAL FILL (Qaf): Most of the alluvial deposits have been capped
with artificial fill which ranges in thickness from only a few feet to
over ten feet. This fill 'material consists of brown to yellowish
brown and light gray. silty sands, clayey sands, and sandy silt which
appear to have been obtained from the native materials in the area.
Most of this fill appears to be medium dense to dense but is appar-
ently uncontrolled fill.
10
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING. INC.
SCS&T 14065 August 18, 1982 Page 4
TECTONIC SETTING: Several small faults have been mapped in the general
vicintiy of the subject site. In addition, several fratures and joints
which are probably related to the strong tectonic forces that dominate
Southern California are evident in the cut bank on the southern portion of
the site. It is possible that some faults may be buried beneath the thick
alluvial and fill soils at the site. However, if any faults 'are'present
at the site, they. would'probably be classified, as. inactive according to
the criteria of the California Division of Mines and Geology and should be
of no consequence to -the project.
A review of available geologic maps indicates the subject site to be
located approximately 4.5 miles east of the Rose Canyon Fault Zone. The
-. Rose. Canyon Fault Zone is a series of northwest trending faults of Quater-
nary age that is currently classified as. potentially active, rather, than
active. This classification is based on the lack of conclusive evidence
to verify Holocene movement along this fault zone. No fault traces have
been 'mapped through, or immediately adjacent to, the subject site, and
examination of our exploration • trenches ' and a surface reconnaissance
yielded no evidence of faulting at the site.
•
It should be recognized that much of Southern California is characterized
by. major, '.active fault zones that could possibly affect the subject site.
The nearest of these is the Elsinore Fault Zone, located approximately 25
miles to the northeast, and the San -Jacinto Fault Zone, located approxi-
mately 47 miles to the northeast.
GEOLOGI C HAZARDS
The subject site is located in an area which is relatively free of poten-
tial geologic hazards. The most likely geologic hazards to affect the
site is groundshaking as a result of movement along the major, active
fault zones mentioned above. Based on a maximum probable earthquake of
0 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING. INC.
SCS&T 14065 August18, 1982 . Page 5
7.3 magnitude along the Elsinore Fault zone, or a maximum probable earth-
quake of 7.8 along the San Jacinto Fault Zone, the maximum ground accel-
eration at the site could be as high as 0.21 g. There is also a remote
possibility that movement could occur along the Rose Canyon Fault zone
during the life of the proposed structures. Based on a maximum 'probable
earthquake of 6.0 magnitude along the Rose Canyon Fault Zone,. maximum
'ground acceleration at the-site could be on the order of 0.41 g. However,
in view of the -current classification of the, Rose Canyon Fault Zone, we
are of the opinion 'that it should not be used as the "design earthquake"
fault for structures such as those proposed for the subject development.
Construction in accordance with the minimum' standards of the most recent
edition of the Uniform 'Building Code should minimize potential'.' damage' due
to seismic activity. .
0
Other potential geologic hazards such as tsunamis, seiches, liquefac-
tion, or, deep-seated landslid,ing should be considered negligible or non-
existent. However, it should be recognized that several shallow sur-
ficial slope failures are evident in the cut bank and the, hills on the
southern portion of 'the site.
GROUNDWATER: No groundwater was encountered during our subsurface explor-
ation and we do not anticipate any major groundwater related problems,
either during or after construction. However, it, should be recognized
that minor groundwater seepage problems may, occur after development of a
site even where none were ,present before development. These are usually
minor phenomena arid are often the result of an alteration of the perme-
ability characteristics of the soil, an alteration in drainage patterns
and an increase in irrigation water. Based on the permeability character-
istics of the soil and the anticipated usage of the development, it is our
opinion that any seepage problems which may occur will be minor in extent.
It is further our opinion that these problems can be most effectively
corrected on an individual basis if and when they develop. .
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING, INC.
SCS&T 14065 August 18, 1982 ' Page 6
RECOMMENDATIONS AND CONCLUSIONS
.
GENERAL DESIGN CONSIDERATIONS
The findings of this study indicate that with respect to geotechnical
aspects, the site is suitable for the proposed development provided the
recommendations contained in this, report are complied with. The settle-
ment potential of the existing, apparently nonengineered, fill will how-
ever require that special site preparation and foundation design be uti-
lized.
SITE PREPARATION
BUILDING PAD PREPARATION: Due to the apparent high settlement potential
of the existing fill 'soils, we recommend that they be removed to firm
natural ground and stockpiled for later use. ' Firm natural ground is
defined as natural soil which possesses an in-situ density equal to. or
greater than 85% of its maximum dry density. The soils exposed at the
base of this excavation should then be scarified to.a depth of 12 inches,
watered to optimum requirements and densified to at least 90% relative
compaction. The stockpiled soils may then be replaced in lifts not exceed-
ing eight inches and compacted to a minimum of 90% of maximum dry density.
The horizontal limits of these recommendations should include the area
within the perimeter of 10 feetoutside of each proposed' building. Based
upon the results of our field testing, it appears that this depth of
removal and recompation will vary from 3 to 11 feet. It is further recom-
mended that Southern California Soil & Testing, Inc. provide the necessary
• compaction testing during grading to verify compliance with the above
recommendations.
As an alternative to the above recommendations, a deep foundation system
may be used to support the proposed structures. These foundation rcom-
mendations are provided later in this report. Provided these design
features are incorporated into the building design, it is our opinion that
the existing fill soils in the pad area may remain.
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING. INC.
SCS&T 14065 AugUst 18, 1982 . Page 7
'PAVED AREAS: It is our opinion that the existing fill in areas to be
paved should be undercut to a depth of at least 3 feet and stockpiled for
later use. The soils exposed in the base of these. excavations should be
scarified, watered and densified to a minimum of 90% relative compaction.
The stockpiled soils may then be replaced in lifts not exceeding eight
inches, watered to optimum requirements and compacted. It should be
recognized that due to the presence of the nonengineered fill which will
underlay the paved areas some settlements may occur which could result in
distress to the pavement surface. Should this condition not be accept-
able, it will be necessary to remove all of the fill and replace it as a
properly compacted fill beneath all areas to be paved.
SURFACE DRAINAGE: We recommend that all surface drainage be directed away
from structures and that ponding of water not be allowed adjacent to their
foundations.
EARTHWORK: All earthwork and grading contemplated for site preparation
should be accomplished in accordance with the attached Recommended Grading
Specifications and Special Provisions. All special site preparation
recommendations presented in the sections above will supersede those in
the standard Recommended Grading Specifications. All embankments, struct-
ural fill, and fill should be compacted to a minimum of 90%. Utility
trench backfill within 5. feet of the proposed structures and beneath
asphalt pavements should be compacted to a minimum Of 90% -of its maximum
dry density. The maximum dry density of each soil type should be deter-
mined in accordance with A.S.T.M. Test Method 1557-78, Method A or C. -
FOUNDATIONS
GENERAL: Provided that the existing fill is removed and recompacted as
previously discussed, it is our opinion that the proposed structure may be
supported by spread footings. All footings should be founded at least 18
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING. INC.
SCS&T 14065 August 18, 1982 Page 8
inches below lowest adjacent finished grade with a minimum width of 12 in-
ches. It is further recommended that all continuous footings be rein-
forced with at least one No. 4 bar top •and bottom.
BEARING CAPACITY: The allowable soil bearing pressure for the soils
prepared as recommended herein Js expressed by the following formulas for
continuous, square, and circular spread footings:
Continuous Footings q= 1.80 + 0.21 D + 0.158.
Square Footings q = 2.16 + 0.21 D + 0.12'B
Circular Footings q = 2.16 + 0 21 D + 0.09 B
Where: . .. .
= Allowable soil bearing pressure. as limited in shear in' kips
per square foot for full live and dead .1 oads
D = Footing depth below adjacent grade in feet.
B = Footing width or diameter in feet
The above allowable stresses may be increased by one-third for wind and/or
n seismic loading and should be decreased by one-fourth for dead load only.
The allowable bearing pressure in kips per 'square foot, for live and dead
loads for the minimum size footings recommended above are as follows:
Continuous Fo.otings 2.26 '
Square Footings 2.49
Circular Footings '2.46
The allowable, bearing pressures for other size footings may be computed
from the above formulas. It is recommended, however, that the maximum
allowable soil bearing pressure be limited to 3.0 kips per square foot in
order to control settlements.
0 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING. INC.
SCS&T 14065 August 18, 1982 . . Page 9
PIER FOUNDATIONS: Should the existing fill soils not be removed and
properly recompated, it is our opinion that pier footings should be used
to support the proposed structures. It is our opinion that. these pier
footings should have a minimum diameter of 12 inches and extend to a depth
of at least two feet into the firm natural soil. Provided this condition
is met, an allowable soil bearing pressure of 3000 psf may be. used' for
design. It is further recommended that properly designed grade beams and
slabs be utilized to span the region between adjacent piers.
SETTLEMENT CHARACTERISTICS: Provided that, the recommendations contained
in this report are, followed, it is our opinion that the resuling settle-
ments should be within tolerable limits.
EXPANSIVECHARACTERISTICS: The 'encountered soils at the subject site were
determine-to vary in expansive potential from -very low to low. It is our
opinion that the recommendations previously presented in this report
should mitigate the possible distress resulting from expansion.
O ..
LIMITATIONS
REVIEW, OBSERVATION AND TESTING
The recommendation,s presented in this report are contingent upon 'our
'review of final plans and specifications. The.soil engineer and engineer-
ing geologist should review and verify the compliance of the final grading
plan. with this report and with Chapter 70 of the Uniform Building Code.-
It is recommended that Southern California Soil & Testing, Inc. be re-
tainned to provide continuous soil engineering services during the earth-
work operations.' This' is to observe compliance with the design concepts,
specifications or recommendations and to allow design changes in the event
that subsurface conditions differ from those anticipated prior to start of
construction.
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING, INC.
SCS&T 14065 August 18, 1982 '' Page 10
UNIFORMITY OF CONDITIONS 0
The.recomendations and opinions expressed in this report reflect our best
estimate of the project requirements based on an evaluation of the subsur-
face sail conditions encountered at the subsurface exploration' locations.
and the, assumption that the soil conditions do not deviate appreciably
from those encountered. It should be recognized that the performance of
- the 'foundations and/or cut and fill slopes may be influenced by undis-
closed or unforeseen variations in the soil conditions that may occur in
the intermediate and unexplored areas. Any unusual conditions not covered
in this report that may be encountered during site development should be
brought to the attention of the 'soils engineer so that he may 'make modifi-
cations if necessary. '
CHANGE IN SCOPE
This office should be advised of any changes in the project scope or
proposed 'site grading so that it maybe determined if the recommendations
contained herein are appropriate. This should be verified in writing or
modified by a written addendum. '
TIME LIMITATIONS
The findings of this report are valid as of this date. Changes in the
condition of a property can, however, occur with the passage of time,
whether, they ' be due to natural processes or the work of man on this' or
adjacent properties. In addition, changes in the State-of-the-Art and/or'
Government' Codes may occur. Due to such changes, the findings of this
report may be invalidated wholly or in part by changes beyond our control.
Therefore, this report should not be relied upon after a period of two
years without a review by us verifying the suitability of the conclusions
and recommendations. •
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING. INC.
SCS&T 14065 August 18, 1982 Page 11
PROFESS! ONAI. STANDARDS
In the performance of our professional services, 'we comply with that' level
of care and skill ordinarily exercised by members of our profession cur-
rently practicing under similar conditions and in the same locality. The
client recognizes that subsurface conditions may vary from those encoun-,
tered at the locations where our borings, surveys, and explorations are
made, and that our data, interpretations, and recommendations are based
solely on the information obtained by us. We will be responsible for
those data, interpretations, and recommendations, but shall not be respon-
sible for the interpretations by others of the information developed. Our
services consist of professional consultation and observation only, and no
warranty of any kind whatsoever, express or implied, is made or intended
in connection with the work performed or to be performed by us,' or by our
proposal for consulting or other sevices, or by our furnishing of oral or
written reports or findings.
- ' CLIENTS RESPONSIBILITY
It is the responsibility of Agatep,Corporation, or their representatives
to ensure that the information and recommendations contained herein are
brought to the attention of. the engineer and architect for the project and
incorporated into the project's plans and specifications. It is further
their responsibility to take the necessary measures to ensure that the
contractor and his subcontractors carry out such recommendations during
construction.
FIELD EXPLORATIONS
Five subsurface explorations were made at the locations indicated on the
attached Plate Number 1 on July 28, 1982. These explorations consisted of
borings made by a truck mounted auger. The field work was conducted under
the observation of our engineering geology personnel.
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL' AND TESTING. INC.
SCS&T 14065 ' August 18, 1982 Page 12
The explorations were carefully logged when made. These logs are presen-
ted on the following Plate Numbers 3 through 7. The soils are described
in accordance with the Unified Soils Classification System as illustrated
on the attached simplified chart on Plate Number 2. In addition, a verbal
textural description, the wet color, the apparent moisture and the density
or consistency are provided. The density of granular soils is given as
either very loose, loose, medium dense, dense, or very dense. The con-
sistency of. silts or clays is given as either very soft, soft, medium
stiff, stiff, very stiff, or hard.
Disturbed and "undisturbed" samples of typical and representative soils
were obtained and returned to the laboratory for testing. Representative
core samples were obtained by means of a 2 3/8" 1.0. split tube sampler
driven into the soil by means of a 140 pound weight free falling a dis-
tance of .30 inches. The number of blows required to drive the split tube
sampler is indicated on the boring logs as "penetration resistance" (E).
The core samples were carefully removed, sealed, and returned to the
laboratory for testing.
LABORATORY TESTING
Laboratory tests were performed in accordance, with the generally accepted
American Society for Testing and Materials (A.S.T.M.) test methods or
suggested procedures. . A brief description .of the tests performed is
presented below:
a) MOISTURE-DENSITY: Field moisture content and dry density were
determined for representative samples obtained. This information
was an aid to classification and permitted recognition of varia-
tions in material consistency with depth. The dry unit weight is
determined in pounds per cubic foot, and the field moisture con-
tent is determined -as a percentage of the soil's dry weight.• The
results are summarized in the trench logs.
0 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING. INC.
SCS&T 14065 August 18, 1982 Page 13
b) CLASSIFICATION: Field classifications were verified in the
laboratory by visual examination. -The final soil classifications
are in accordance withthe Unified Soil Classification System.
DIRECT SHEAR TESTS: Direct shear tests were performed to deter-:
mine the failure envelope based on yield, shear strength. The
shear box was designed to accomodate a sample having a diameter
S of 2.375 inches or 2.50 inches and a height of 1.0 inch. Samples
were tested at different vertical loads and at saturated moisture
content The shear stress was applied at a constant rate of
strain, of approximately .0.05 inches per minute.' The results of
'these tests are presented on attached Plate Number 8.
COMPACTION TEST: The maximum dry: density and optimum moisture
content of typical soils were determined in the laboratory in
accordance with A S I M Standard Test D-1557-789 Method A The
results of'these tests are presented on the attached Plate No. 8.
EXPANSION TEST. The expansive'.potential of clayey soils was
determined in: accordance with the following test procedures and
the results of these tests appear on Plate No. 8.
S
Allow the trimmed, undistrubed or remolded sample to air dry
to a constant moisture content, at a temperature of 100
degrees F. Place the dried sample in the consolidometer and
LIM allow to compress under a load of 150 psf. Allow moisture
to contact the sample and measure its expansion from an air
dried to saturated 'condition.
S
5 SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING, INC.
C-
SCS&T 14065 August 18, 1982 Page 14
f) CONSOLIDATION TEST: Consolidation tests were performed on a
selected "undisturbed"' samples. The consolidation apparatus was
designed to accomodate a 1. inch high by 2.375. inch or 2.500 inch
diameter soil sample laterally confined by 'a brass ring. Porous
stones were placed in contact with the top and bottom of the
sample to permit the addition or release of pore fluid during
testing.' Loads were applied to the sample in a geometric pro-
gression after vertical movement ceased, and the resulting defor-
mations were recorded. The percent consolidation for each load
• cycle is reported as the ratio of, the amount of vertical . compres-
sion to the original one-inch, sample height. The' test samples
were inundated at. some point in the test cycle todetérmine their
behavior under' -the anticipated footing load as soil moisture '
increases. The results' of 'these tests are presented in the form
of a curve on Plate,Nurnbers 9 and 10.
0.
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING. INC.
_______ _____________ _____________ ____________ ____________ __________ - 0_• __________ -
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-
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- LEGEND.
BORING LOCATION
-.
. Oaf-ARTIFICIAL FILL I Gal-ALLUVIUM
L / Is-SANTIAGO FORMATION -
-L • •
- SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
- •
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SOIL & TESTING, INC.
- .. •........... -..•.. .•. .• -•.3y SMS - 1DA 8-13-82
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- • . lO19 NO. 14065 L PLATE NO. 1
SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION LEGEND
UNIFIED SOIL CLASSIFICATION CHART
SOIL DESCRIPTION GROUP SYMBOL. TYPICAL, NAMES
1. COARSE GRAINED, More than
half of material is larger
than No. 200 sieve size.
GRAVELS CLEAN GRAVELS
More than half of
coarse fraction is
larger than No. V.
sieve size but
smaller than 3. GRAVELS WITH FINES
(Appreciable amount
of fines)
SANDS CLEAN SANDS
More than half of
coarse fraction is
smaller than No. 4
sieve' size. SANDS WITH FINES
(Appreciable amount
of fines)
11. PINE GRAINED; More than
half of material is smaller
than No. 200 sieve size.
SILTS AND CLAYS
Liquid Limit . CH
greater than 50
OH
HIGHLY ORGANIC SOILS PT
Well graded gravels, gravel-.
sand mixtures, little or no
fines.
GP Poorly graded gravels, gravel
sand mixtures, little or no
fines.
GM Silty gravels, poorly graded
gravel-sand-silt mixtures.
GC Clayey gravels, poorly
graded gravel-sand, clay
mixtures.
SW Well graded sand,gravelly
sands; little or no fines.
SP Poorly graded sands,gravelly
sands, little or no fines.
SM Silty sands, poorly graded
sand and silt mixtures.
SC Clayey sands, poorly graded
sand and clay. mixtures.
ML Inorganic silts and very
fine sands, rock flour, sandy
silt or clayey-silt-sand
mixtures with slight plast-
'icity
Inorganic clays of low to
medium plasticity,gravelly
clays, sandy clays,silty
clays, lean clays. -
Organic silts and organic
silty clays of low plasticity
Inorganic silts, micaceous
or diatomaceous fine sandy
or silty soils, elastic
silts.
Inorganic clays of high
plasticity, fat clays.
Organic clays of medium
to high plasticity.
Peat and other highly
organic- soils.
Liquid Limit CL
less than 50
OL
SILTS AND CLAYS '.MH
- Water level at time of excavation or as indicated
US - Undisturbed, driven ring sample or tube sample
CK - Undisturbed chunk sample
BG - Bulk sample . SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
SOIL & TESTING, INC.
...o PIVEPOALS STREET
CAN OISO, CALIFORNIA CRIED
Laurel Tree & Palomar Airport Road
San Diego, California
BY DATE
- RR . . .. ' 8-18-82
J08 NO. 14065 Plate No. 2
()
C) U C) DEPTH (FEET)
B>
SAMPLE TYPE
U) In (A U) CT U)
Ul (-)U) 11 SOtL C) I- C) U) U) • C) CLASSIFICATION
w C U) m o fl • r
_ m D r- 0 —
- C) fli C) C) (I) -j - 0 ci- (1 0 _1, -< :n Z in. m •• I I- -< rn - • -< -< -
-I
C)
•
sp •• ••••
________ __ ___
C)
• - Iri
COLOR
S co
-< L r 0 0 co G) 0 C) C) C)
Z APPARENT
MOISTURE
W (DC
(n C) U) m -1 mr-n APPARENT
- C)
I- - U) '-I
- (I)-I CONSISTENCY
• ZI m -17I r-n OR DEN SIT V
C) _____________ ___________ U, m -S - °'
all PENETRATION 0) - N) C) RESISTANCE
—
rn (BLOWS/FT OF DRIVE)
0 11 • • • STANDARD
> r • PENETRATION
rn 0
• RESISTANCE
o • (BLOWS/FTOFDRIvE)
-. -J
C) C) -1 C) DRY DENSITY r • 01 -j
0 . . . (PCF)
rt S. • - S. N) - C)
CD . - •
-.i r N) -. .j MOISTURE
F 0 0 " ul CONTENT (°Io) r SQ)00 '-0 • -
N) • RELATIVE
— — _______ I I • I I I -I I
•
-t I I I l - I I I I I I
COMPACTION (°Io)
_______________________
z BORING NUMBER 2 2 '3 w w 0 >- z ELEVATION u
I Y _________________________ Zil Z W 0 -
: a (I) 0 4(1) 4W0 WU) ° w <a o -' a6 az za o4züi0 > Er u
DESCRIPTION 0.11 (D 3
- SM! SILTY CLAYEY SAND (FILL) BRN MOIST MEDIUM
YSsc I DENSE 17 109.4 16.2
15-1 US 45 I 1106.91 14.5
SC! SANDY CLAY GRY MOIST MEDIUM
CL (NATIVE ALLUVIUM) STIFF
10
US • •. 18 112.3 14.6
US
15—
S
M/ SILTY CLAYEY SAND
- SC (ALLUVIUM)
I 20-----
BRN -IMOIST I DENSE
30
•
SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION LOG
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOGGED BY: DATE DRILLED:
•
SOIL S. TESTING, INC. CRB 7-28-82
JOB NUMBER:
14065 Plate No. 4
• z BORING NUMBER 3
W. Uw EL
0
- ELEVATION
I— a -j w U 0
• -
DESCRIPTION
SM! . SILTY -CLAYEY SAND
- *
Sc (FILL)
US
SC! SANDY CLAY
5 - CL (NATIVE ALLUVIUM)
- BG
US
w >
>- z.
a 0 z - -'
a
U Z >. i-. O o ow o
> 0 a-
-
Z
0
z 1 WJ Z(J) 4z LqZ Z a o 11 cl U wW
w 0 En
2 0
az0 a o za 04Zw0 ww.J-ww.j o O o
U 400 aa.owaaw O u au
YEL-BRN MEDIUM MOIST
• DENSE
32 106.31 10.7
DRK-BRN MOIST MEDIUM
STIFF
21 103.8 20.6
10
SM! SILTY CLAYEY SAND
SC
BRN IMOIST . DENSE I /
'I
US
20 t•
SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION LOG
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOGGED BY: JOATE DRILLED: CR8 72882 SOIL & TESTING, INC. JOB NUMBER:I 14065 f Plate No. 5
zBORING NUMBER 4.
w w 0 0 a
ELEVATION L
I Y _________________ Z Zwth W U. WJ .WF < .... < Z z >u 0. _ W.pW Lu
(1) o. - o —J a - .aZ zwQ Zno - -Z
DESCRIPTION S
;c/ SAND AND CLAY MIXTURE BRN MOIST MEDIUM
CL (FILL) DENSE
US 34 9.3 23.9
5 -
.us 23
10 LI SANDY CLAY DRK-GRY MOIST STIFF
- (NATIVE ALLUVIUM)
- - MI SILTY CLAYEY SAND BRN MOIST DENSE -
- C
(ALLUVIUM)
15 -
SUBSURFACE EXPLORATION LOG•
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA LOGGED BY: bATE DRILLED:
SOIL & TESTING, INC. • CRB 7-28-82
JOB NUMBER: I 14065 Plate No. 6
-
OEcDTI_I(FEET)
SAMPLE TYPE V)
(I1L) SO L
CD - CLASSIFICArioN
w
(J) r
2 rn m C) . V- () (1) -J -1
TI c i- z Z - -< r--< -< :D Z rn m I- I1 -
(1) -I -
— - 0 m
33
01
33 _____________
__________
2 -<co C, .rn
- COLOR
____ -< - -----
. . . o 0 (B G)
Z . . APPARENT
o 0) . MOISTURE
co (BC
U)
C . P1 -I - ri-Il-ri APPARENT
B . -i-i cj- CONSISTENCY m OR DEN SIT Y
m PENETRATION 01 RESISTANCE m
U
(BLOWS/FT OF DRIVE)
— 0 STANDARD
' r . PENETRATION
o RESISTANCE
a B . . (BLOWS/FT OF DRIVE)
rD {F r -I -' DRY DENSITY
m
0 0 .
.
. 01 (PCF)
MOISTURE
.- 0 0 -4 0 CONTENT (°Io) 0
co 0
0 - 0 0 RELATIVE N) - COMPACTION (°I.)
[1
0
SAMPLE DESCRIPTION ANGLE OF
INTERNAL
FRICTION(0)
COHESION
INTERCEPT
(psf)
B-i @ 2-6 Remolded to 90% 28 250
B-3 @ 8 Undisturbed 20 700
B-5 @ 5 Undisturbed 32 150
MAXIMUM DENSITY & OPTIMUM MOISTURE CONTENT
A.S.T.M.: 1557-78 METHOD: A
SAMPLE i DESCRIPTION
MAXIMUM
DENSITY(pcf)
OPTIMUM
MOISTURE
CONTENT(%)
B-i @ 2-6 Silty Clayey Sand 124.0 11.2
EXPANSION TEST RESULTS
SAMPLE B-2 @ 1O5 B-4 @4
CONDITION Undisturbed
Air-Dried
Undisturbed
Air- Dried
INITIALM.C.(%) 2.3 3.3
INITIAL DENSITY(pcf) 112.3 99.3
FINAL M.C.(%) 15.5 22 .9
NORMAL STRESS(psf) 150 150
EXPANSION (%) 1.4 4.8
-I
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA
<*>
SOIL & TESTING LAB, INC.
9290 RIVEROALE STREET
SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 92120
Laurel Tree & Palomar Airport Road
San Diego, California
BY DATE
RR 8-18-82
JOB NO. 14-65 Plate No. 8
SCS&T 14065 August 18, 1982 Appendix'A, Page 1
LAUREL TREE INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT
RECOMMENDED GRADING SPECIFICATIONS - GENERAL PROVISIONS
GENERAL INTENT
The intent of these specifications is to establish procedures for clear
ing, compacting natural ground, preparing areas to be filled, and placing
and compacting fill soils to the lines and grades shown on the accepted
plans. The recommendations contained in the preliminary soil irivestiga.-
tion report and/or the attached Special Provisions are a part of the
Recome'nded Grading Specifications and shall supersede the provisions
contained hereinafter in the case of conflict. These specifications shall
only be used in conjunction with the soil report for which they are' a
part. No deviation from these specifications will be allowed,' except.
where specified in the soil report or in other written communication
signed by the Soil, Engineer.
OBSERVATION AND TESTING
Southern California Soil' & Testing, Inc. shall be retained as the Soil
Engineer to observe and test the earthwork' in accordance with these speci-
fications. It will be necessary that the Soil Engineer. 'or his representa-
tive provide adequate observation so that he may provide an opinion that
the work was or was not accomplished as specified. It shall be' the 're-
sponsibility of the contractor to assist the soil engineer and to keep him
apprised of work schedules, changes and new information and data so that
he may provide these opinions. In the event that any unusual conditions
not covered by the special provisions or preliminary soil report are
encountered during the grading operations, the Soil' Engineer shall be
contacted for further recommendations. -
r' L4
SCS&T 14065 August. 18, 1982 Appendix A, Page 2
If, in the opinion of the Soil Engineer, substandard conditions are en-
countered, such as; questionable or unsuitable soil, unacceptable moisture
content, inadequate compaction, adverse weather, etc., he will be empower-
ed to either stop construction until the conditions are remedied or cor-
rectedor recommend rejection of this work.
Test methods used to determine the degree of compaction should be per-
formed in accordance with the following American Society for Testing and
Materials test methods:
Maximum Density & Optimum Moisture Content - A.S.T.M.D-1557-78.
Density of Soil In-Place - A.S.T.M. D-1556-64 or A.S.T.M. D-2922.
All densities shall be expressed in terms of Relative Compaction as deter-
mined by the foregoing A.S.T.M. testing procedures.
PREPARATION OF AREAS TO RECEIVE FILL
All vegetation, brush and debris derived from clearing peratiohs shall be
removed, and legally disposed of. All areas disturbed by site grading
should be left in a neat and finished apperance, free from unsightly
debris
Any abandoned buried structures encountered during grading operations must
be totally removed. All underground utilities to be abandoned beneath any
proposed structure should be removed from within 10 feet of the structure
• and properly capped off. The resulting depressions from the above des-
cribed procedures should be backfilled with acceptable soil that is com-
pacted to the requirements of the Soil Engineer. This includes, but is
not limited to, septic tanks, fuel tanks, sewer lines or leach )'ines,
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING. INC.
SCS&T 14065 August 18, 1982 Appendix A, Page 3
storm drains and water lines. Any buried structures or utilities not to
be abandoned should be investigated by the Soil Engineer to determine if
any special recommendation will be necessary.
All water wells which will be abandoned should be backfilled and capped in
accordance to the requirements set forth in the Geotechnical Report. The
top of the cap should be at least 4 feet below finish grade or 3 feet
below the bottom of footing whichever is greater. The type of cap will
depend on the diameter of the well and should be determined by. the Soil.
Engineer and/or a qualified Structural Engineer.
When the slope of the natural ground receiving fill exceeds 20% (5 hori-
zontal units to 1 vertical unit), the original ground shall be stepped or
benched.' Benches shall be cut to a firm competent soil condition. The
lower bench shall be at least 10 feet wide or '1 1/2 times the equipment
width which ever is greater and shall be sloped back into the 'hillside at
a gradient of not less than two (2) percent. All other benches should be
at least 6 feet wide. The horizontal portion of each bench shall be
compacted' prior to receiving fill as specified here'inbefore for compacted
natural ground. Ground slopes flatter than 20% shall be benched when
considered necessary by the Soil Engineer.
After clearing or benching, the natural ground in areas to be filled shall
be scarified to a depth of 6 inches, brought' to the proper moisture con-
tent, compacted and tested for the minimum degree of compaction in the-
Special Provisions or the recommendation contained in the preliminary soil
investigation report. All' loose soils in excess of 6 inches thick should
be removed to firm natural ground which is defined as natural soil which
possesses an in-situ density of at least 85% of its maximum dry density.
SOUTHERN CALIFORN$A SOIL AND TESTING. 1NC.
S •
SCS&T' 14065 August 18, 1982 Appendix A, Page 4
FILL MATERIAL
Materials placed in the fill shall be approved by the soil engineer and
shall be free of vegetable matter and other deleterious substances. Gran-
ular soil, shall contain sufficient fine material to fill the voids. The
definition and disposition of, oversized rocks, expansive and/or detrimen-
tal soils are covered in the soils report or Special Provisions'. Expan-
sive soils, soils of poor gradation, or soils with low strength character-
istics may be thoroughly 'mixed with other soils to provide satisfactory
fill material, but only 'with the explicit consent of the soil engineer.
Any import. material shall be approved by the Soil Engineer before being
brought to the site.
PLACING AND COMPACTION OF FILL
Approved fill material shall be placed in areas prepared to receive, fill
in layers not to exceed 6 inches in compacted thickness. Each layer shall
have a uniform moisture content in the range that will allow the compac-
tion effort' to be efficiently applied to 'achieve the specified degree of
compaction. Each layer shall be uniformly compacted to the minimum speci-
fied degree of compaction with equipment of'adequate size to economically
compact the layer'. Compaction, equipment should either be specifically
designed for soil compaction or of proven' reliability. The minimum degree
of compaction to be achieved is specified in either the Special Provisions
or the recommendations contained in the preliminary soil' investigation
report.
When the structural fill, material includes rocks, no rocks will be allowed
to nest and all voids must be carefully filled with soil such that the
minimum ' degree of compaction recommended in the Special Provision's is
SOUTHERN CALIFRNIA SOIL AND TESTING. INC.
SCS&T 14065 August 18, 1982 Appendix A, Page 5
achieved. The maximum size and spacing of rock permitted in structural
fills and in non-structural fills is discussed in the soil report, when
applicable.
Field observation and compaction tests to estimate the degree of, compac-
tion of the fill will be taken by the Soil Engineer or his representativé
The location and frequency of the tests shall be at the Soil Engineer's
discretion. When the compaction test indicates that a particular layer is
less than the required degree of compaction, the layer shall be reworked
to the satisfaction of the Soil Engineer and until the desired relative
compaction has been obtained.
Fill slopes shall be compacted by means of sheepsfoot rollers or other
suitable equipment. Compaction by sheepsfoot rollers shall be at vertical
intervals of not greater than four feet. In addition, fill slopes at,
ratios of two horizontal to one. vertical or flatter, should be track-
rolled. Steeper, fill slopes shall be over-built and cut-back to finish
contours. Slope compaction operations shall result in all fill material
six or more inches inward from the finished face of the slope having a
relative compaction of at least 90% of maximum dry density or that speci-.
fled in the Special Provisions section of this specification. The compac-
tion operation on the slopes shall be continued until the Soil Engineer is
satisfied that the slopes will be stable in regards to surficial stabil-
ity. .
Slope tests will be made by the Soils Engineer during construction of the
slopes to determine if the required compaction is being achieved. Where
failing tests occur or other field problems arise, the Contractor will be
notified that day of such conditions by written communication from the
Soil Engineer in the form of a daily field report.
LM
.
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING. INC.
S .5
SCS&T 14065 August 18, 1982 Appendix A, Page 6
If the method of achieving the required slope compaction selected by the
Contractor fails to produce the necessary results, the Contractor shall
rework or rebuild such slopes until the required degree of compaction is
obtained, at no additional cost to the Owner or Soils Engineer.
CUT SLOPES
The Engineering Geologist shall inspect all cut slopes excavated in rock
or lithified formational material during the grading operations at inter-
vals determined at his discretion. If any conditions not anticipated in
the preliminary report such as perched water, seepage, leñticular or
confined strata of a potentially adverse nature, unfavorably inclined
bedding, joints or fault planes are encountered during grading, these
conditions shall be analyzed by the Engineering Geologist and Soil Engi-
neer to determine if mitigating measures are necessary.
71
.Unless otherwise specified in the soil and geological report, no cut
slopes shall be excavated higher - or steeper than that allowed by the
ordinances of the controlling governmental agency.
ENGINEERING OBSERVATION
p . Field observation by the Soil Engineer or his representative -shall be made
during the filling and compacting operations so that he can express his
opinion regarding the conformance of the grading with acceptable standards
of practice. The presence of the Soil Engineer or.his representative or
the observation and testing shall not release the Grading Contractor from
his duty to compact all fill material to the specified degree of compac-
tion.
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA SOIL AND TESTING. INC.
O •
SCS&T 14065 August 18, 1982 Appendix A, Page.7
SEASON LIMITS
Fill shall not be placed, during unfavorable weather conditions. When work
is interrupted by heavy rain, filling operations shall not be resumed
until the proper moisture content and density of the 'fill materials can be
achieved. Damaged site conditions resulting from weather or acts of God
shall be repaired before acceptance of work. ,
a
RECOMMENDED GRADING SPECIFICATIONS-SPECIAL PROVISIONS'
The minimum degree of compaction to be obtained in compacting natural,
ground, in the compacted fill, and in' the compacted backfill shall be at
least 90 percent.
Detrimentally expansive soil is defined as soil which will swell more than
3 percent against a pressure of 150 pounds per square 'foot from .a condi-
tion of 90 percent of maximum dry density and air 'dried moisture content
to saturation.
Oversized fill material 'is defined as rocks or lumps over 6 inches in
'diameter. At least 40 percent of the fill soils shall pass through a No.
4 U.S. Standard Sieve.
0
Transition Lots: Where transitions between cut and fill occur within the
proposed building pad, the cut portion should be undercut a minimum of one
foot below the base of the proposed footings and recompacted as structural
backfill. '
S
SOUTHERN CALIFORNIA 5OIL AND TESTING. INC.