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Home My WebLink AboutAMEND 2017-0026; OMNI LA COSTA RESORT BALLROOM EXPANSION; GREENHOUSE GAS STUDY; 2019-01-30OMNI La Costa Ballroom Project --, .,- --.../ _j '-' - JUN 2 8 2013 ClT f OF CAR!..~ Pr" !J C ~ /J~._,. J r Rincon Consultants, Inc. EnY1,onmental Sc1em1sts Planners Engineers www.rinconcons u lta nts.com Greenhouse Gas Study prepared for Hofman Planning and Engineering 3152 Lionshead Avenue Carlsbad, California 92010 prepared by Rincon Consultants, Inc. 2215 Faraday Avenue, Suite A Carlsbad, California 92008 April 2018 This page intentionally left blank. Figure 1 Project Location Figure 1 shows an approximation of the orientation of the ballroom extension. A change to this orientation would not affect overall GHG emissions. Only changes to the land use type or size of the development (square footage, additional parking spaces, etc.) would result in a change in emissions. 1 .3 Climate Change and Impacts This section analyzes GHG emissions associated with the project and potential impacts related to climate change. l .3 . l Climate Change and Greenhouse Gases Climate change is the observed increase in the average temperature of Earth's atmosphere and oceans along with other substantial changes in climate (such as wind patterns, precipitation, and storms) over an extended period of time. The term "climate change" is often used interchangeably with the term "global warming", but "climate change" is preferred to "global warming" because it helps convey that there are other changes in addition to rising temperatures. The baseline aga inst which these changes are measured originates in historical records identifying temperature changes that have occurred in the past, such as during previous ice ages. The global climate is continuously 2 respectively. Meanwhile, the residential and commercial end-use sectors accounted for 16 percent and 17 percent of CO2 emissions, respectively (U.S. EPA 2017). Based on the ARB California Greenhouse Gas Inventory for 2000-2015, California produced 440.4 MMT of CO2e in 2015 (ARB 2017c). The major source of GHG in California is transportation, contributing 39 percent of the state's total GHG emissions. Industrial sources are the second largest source of the state's GHG emissions, contributing 23 percent of the state's GHG emissions (ARB 2017c). The ARB has projected statewide unregulated GHG emissions for the year 2020 would be 509 MMT of CO2e if left unmitigated (ARB 2017c). These projections represent the emissions that would be expected to occur in the absence of any GHG reduction actions. California's recent GHG reductions are projected to meet the 1990 level by 2020. Statewide emissions have declined since 2005, and the state has projected that it will meet the AB32 target of 1990 emission by 2020 (i.e., 431 MMTCO2e by 2020). However, the 2020 target is only the first milestone in the State's long- term GHG reduction strategy and further reductions will be necessary to reach the SB 32 target of 40% below 1990. 1 .3.3 Potential Effects of Climate Change Globally, climate change has the potential to affect numerous environmental resources through potential impacts related to future air, land, and water temperatures and precipitation patterns. Scientific modeling predicts that continued GHG emissions at or above current rates would induce more extreme climate changes during the 2l51 century than were observed during the 20th century. Long-term trends have found that each of the past three decades has been warmer than all the previous decades in the instrumental record, and the decade from 2000 through 2010 has been the warmest. The global combined land and ocean temperature data show an increase of about 0.89°C (0.69°C-l.08°C) over the period 1901-2012 and about 0.72°C (0.49°C-0.89°C) over the period 1951- 2012 when described by a linear trend. Several independently analyzed data records of global and regional Land-Surface Air Temperature (LSAT) obtained from station observations are in agreement that LSAT, as well as sea surface temperatures, has increased. In addition to these findings, there are identifiable signs that global warming is currently taking place, including substantial ice loss in the Arctic over the past two decades (IPCC 2014). Potential impacts of climate change in California may include loss in snow pack, sea level rise, more extreme heat days per year, more high ozone days, more large forest fires, and more drought years (CalEPA 2010). Below is a summary of some of the potential effects that could be experienced in California as a result of climate change. Air Quality Higher temperatures, which are conducive to air pollution formation, could worsen air quality in many areas of California. Climate change may increase the concentration of ground-level 03, but the magnitude of the effect, and therefore its indirect effects, are uncertain. If higher temperatures are accompanied by drier conditions, the potential for large wildfires could increase, which, in turn, would further worsen air quality. However, if higher temperatures are accompanied by wetter, rather than drier conditions, the rains would tend to temporarily clear the air of particulate pollution and reduce the incidence of large wildfires, thereby ameliorating the pollution associated with wildfires. Additionally, severe heat accompanied by drier conditions and poor air quality could increase the number of heat-related deaths, illnesses, and asthma attacks throughout the state (California Energy Commission 2009). 4 plants more susceptible to pest and disease outbreaks. In addition, temperature increases could change the time of year certain crops, such as wine grapes, bloom or ripen, and thereby affect their quality (CCCC 2006). Ecosystems and Wildlife Climate change and the potential resulting changes in weather patterns could have ecological effects on the local and global levels. Increasing concentrations of GHGs are likely to accelerate the rate and severity of climate change impacts. Scientists project that the average global surface temperature could rise by 1.0-4.s°F (0.6-2.5°() in the next SO years, and 2.2-l0"F (1.4-5.8°() during the next century, with substantial regional variation. Soil moisture is likely to decline in many regions, and intense rainstorms are likely to become more frequent. Rising temperatures could have four major impacts on plants and animals: (1) timing of ecological events; (2) geographic range; (3) species' composition within communities; and (4) ecosystem processes, such as carbon cycling and storage (Parmesan 2006). 1 .3.4 Regulatory Setting In California, the ARB is responsible for the coordination and oversight of state and local air pollution control programs. California has a numerous regulations aimed at reducing the state's GHG emissions. These initiatives are summarized below. California Advanced Clean Cars Program Assembly Bill (AB) 1493 (2002), California's Advanced Clean Cars program (referred to as "Pavley"), requires ARB to develop and adopt regulations to achieve "the maximum feasible and cost-effective reduction of GHG emissions from motor vehicles." On June 30, 2009, U.S. EPA granted the waiver of Clean Air Act preemption to California for its GHG emission standards for motor vehicles beginning with the 2009 model year. Pavley I regulates model years from 2009 to 2016 and Pavley 11, which is now referred to as "LEV (Low Emission Vehicle) Ill GHG" regulates model years from 2017 to 2025. The Advanced Clean Cars program coordinates the goals of the Low Emissions Vehicles (LEV), Zero Emissions Vehicles (ZEV), and Clean Fuels Outlet programs, and would provide major reductions in GHG emissions. By 2025, when the rules will be fully implemented, new automobiles will emit 34 percent fewer GHGs and 75 percent fewer smog-forming emissions from their model year 2016 levels (ARB 2011). Assembly Bill 32 California's major initiative for reducing GHG emissions is outlined in Assembly Bill 32 (AB 32), the "California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006," signed into law in 2006. AB 32 codifies the statewide goal of reducing GHG emissions to 1990 levels by 2020, and requires ARB to prepare a Scoping Plan that outlines the main state strategies for reducing GHGs to meet the 2020 deadline. In addition, AB 32 requires ARB to adopt regulations to require reporting and verification of statewide GHG emissions. Based on this guidance, ARB approved a 1990 statewide GHG level and 2020 limit of 427 MMT of CO2e. The Scoping Plan was approved by ARB on December 11, 2008, and included measures to address GHG emission reduction strategies related to energy efficiency, water use, and recycling and solid waste, among other measures. Many of the GHG reduction measures included in the Scoping Plan (e.g., Low Carbon Fuel Standard, Advanced Clean Car standards, and Cap-and- Trade) have been adopted since approval of the Scoping Plan. 6 For more information on the Senate and Assembly Bills, Executive Orders, and reports discussed above, and to view reports and research referenced above, please refer to the following websites: http://www.climatechange.ca.gov and www.arb.ca.gov/cc/cc.htm. California Environmental Quality Act Pursuant to the requirements of SB 97, the Resources Agency has adopted amendments to the CEQA Guidelines for the feasible mitigation of GHG emissions or the effects of GHG emissions. The adopted CEQA Guidelines provide general regulatory guidance on the analysis and mitigation of GHG emissions in CEQA documents, while giving lead agencies the discretion to set quantitative or qualitative thresholds for the assessment and mitigation of GHGs and climate change impacts. To date, a variety of air districts have adopted quantitative significance thresholds for GHGs. Regional Regulations Carlsbad Climate Action Plan The City of Carlsbad adopted its Climate Action Plan (CAP), in September 2015. The CAP outlines the city's goals for GHG reduction which are consistent with current statewide regulations. By calculating a "modified baseline forecast" the City can compare the expected emissions in 2020 and beyond to the State mandated emissions targets. The modified baseline is the City's current emissions adjusted to include both population growth and State reductions. The difference between the modified baseline and the emissions target is referred to as the emissions gap. The CAP has been enacted to eliminate this gap and thus meet the requirements of AB32. Table 1 below summarizes the City of Carlsbad's projected emissions gaps. Table 1 City of Carlsbad's Projected Emissions Forecast CAP GHG Community Mod1f1ed Reduction Em1ss1ons with CAP GHG Emissions Em1ss1on Year Baseline Forecast Measures c.,Hc., Heduct1ons I arget (S-3-05) I arget Met? 2020 2025 2030 2035 473,082 467,018 452,762 455,556 53,120 97,386 141,654 185,919 419,962 369,632 311,108 269,637 535,763 464,328 392,893 321,458 Yes N/A Yes Yes As shown in the table above, under the assumptions of the "total modified baseline" the City is projected to meet the requirements of AB32 (below 1990 levels by 2020). Therefore, the 2020 target of 535,763 MT of CO2e is also the emissions level from 1990. Because the City of Carlsbad has developed emissions reduction measures which extend to 2035 and are consistent with S-3-05 (which mandates an 80% reduction below 1990 levels by 2050) they are in line to also meet the requirements of SB32. As shown in the table above, the forecasted emissions for the City of Carlsbad in 2030 are 311,108 which is a 42% reduction from the 1990 emissions level of 535,763. Therefore, the Carlsbad Climate Action Plan is consistent with SB32. The emphasis of the CAP is on municipal facilities and operations and programs to reduce emissions in the community. However, the CAP also includes a project level screening threshold of 900 MT of CO2e. Projects which have projected emissions over 900 MT need to complete the CAP project 8 2 Impact Analysis 2.1. l Significance Thresholds Pursuant to Appendix G of the State CEQA Guidelines, impacts related to GHG emissions from the project would be significant if the project would: • • Generate GHG emissions, either directly or indirectly, that may have a significant impact on the environment; and/or Conflict with an applicable plan, policy or regulation adopted for the purpose of reducing the emissions of GHGs. The majority of individual projects do not generate sufficient GHG emissions to directly influence climate change. However, physical changes caused by a project can contribute incrementally to cumulative effects that are significant, even if individual changes resulting from a project are limited. The issue of climate change typically involves an analysis of whether a project's contribution towards an impact would be cumulatively considerable. "Cumulatively considerable" means that the incremental effects of an individual project are significant when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, other current projects, and probable future projects (CEQA Guidelines, Section 15064[h][l]). Neither the State of California nor the SDAPCD has adopted emission-based thresholds for GHG emissions under CEQA. Instead, The State CEQA Guidelines authorize the lead agency to consider thresholds of significance previously adopted or recommended by other public agencies or recommended by experts, provided the decision of the lead agency to adopt such thresholds is supported by substantial evidence (14 CCR 15064.4(a) and 15064.7(c)). The California Air Pollution Control Officers Association (CAPCOA) technical advisory titled CEQA and Climate Change: Evaluating and Addressing Greenhouse Gas Emissions from Projects Subject to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Review states that "public agencies are encouraged but not required to adopt thresholds of significance for environmental impacts (2008). Even in the absence of clearly defined thresholds for GHG emissions, the law requires that such emissions from CEQA projects must be disclosed and mitigated to the extent feasible whenever the lead agency determines that the project contributes to a significant, cumulative climate change impact" (CAPCOA 2008). Furthermore, the advisory document indicates that "in the absence of regulatory standards for GHG emissions or other scientific data to clearly define what constitutes a 'significant impact," individual lead agencies may undertake a project-by-project analysis, consistent with available guidance and current CEQA practice. "A lead agency should make a good-faith effort, based on the extent possible on scientific and factual data, to describe, calculate or estimate the amount of GHG emissions resulting from a project" (14 CCR 15064.4). Construction Emissions The Association of Environmental Professionals (AEP) Climate Change Committee white paper, Beyond Newhall and 2020: A Field Guide to New CEQA Greenhouse Gas Thresholds and Climate Action Plan Targets in California (October 2017} stated that construction emissions can be evaluated in one of two methods (2007). 10 which can show they are below that threshold is considered to be consistent with the CAP and also less than significant. 2. 1 .2 Study Methodology This analysis is based on the methodologies recommended by the CAPCOA CEQA and Climate Change technical advisory and focuses on CO2, N2O, and (H4 because these are the GHG emissions that development would generate in the largest quantities. Calculations of CO2, CH4, and N2O emissions are provided to identify the magnitude and nature of the project's potential GHG emissions and environmental effects. The analysis focuses on CO2, CH4, and N2O because these make up 98.9 percent of all GHG emissions by volume (IPCC 2007) and are the GHG emissions that the project would emit in the largest quantities. Fluorinated gases, such as HFCs, PFCs, and SF6, were also considered for the analysis. However, because the project is a fast- food restaurant development, the quantity of fluorinated gases would not be significant since fluorinated gases are primarily associated with industrial processes. Emissions of all GHGs are converted into their equivalent GWP in MT of CO2e. Small amounts of other GHGs (such as chlorofluorocarbons [CFCs]) would also be emitted; however, these other GHG emissions would not substantially add to the total GHG emissions. Calculations are based on the methodologies discussed in the CAPCOA CEQA and Climate Change technical advisory (CAPCOA 2008) and include the use of the California Climate Action Registry (CCAR) General Reporting Protocol {CCAR 2009). GHG emissions associated with the proposed project were calculated using CalEEMod version 2016.3.2 (see Appendix A for calculations). Construction Emissions Although construction activity is addressed in this analysis, CAPCOA does not discuss whether any of the suggested threshold approaches adequately address impacts from temporary construction activity. As stated in the CEQA and Climate Change technical advisory, "more study is needed to make this assessment or to develop separate thresholds for construction activity" (CAPCOA 2008). Nevertheless, construction-related emissions have been calculated and amortized over a 30-year period in conjunction with the proposed project's operational emissions as recommended by AEP (2007). Construction of the project would generate temporary GHG emissions primarily as a result of operation of construction equipment onsite, as well as from vehicles transporting construction workers to and from the project site. Site preparation and grading typically generate the greatest amount of emissions due to the use of grading equipment and soil hauling. A construction schedule was estimated using CalEEMod defaults as a project specific construction schedule has not been set. Project construction was estimated to be completed within approximately 12 months. For this analysis, it was assumed that construction would commence in January 2019 and would be completed in December of 2019. Emissions associated with the construction period were estimated using the CalEEMod v.2016.3.2 based on the projected maximum amount of equipment that would be used onsite at any given time during construction activities. Complete results from CalEEMod and assumptions can be viewed Appendix A. 12 Table 2 Estimated Construction Emissions of Greenhouse Gases Annual Emissions (MT of C02e) Tobi ~-1 Amortized over 30 years 2.2 See Appendix A for CalEEMod results Combined Construction, Stationary, and Mobile Source Emissions Table 3 combines the amortized construction (Table 2), operational, and mobile GHG emissions associated with the project. Total new emissions do not exceed the CAP threshold of 900 MT of C02e per year for non-office commercial projects. Since GHG emissions would not exceed the significance screening threshold established in the CAP, the project would not generate a substantial increase in GHG emissions and would not conflict with the City of Carlsbad GHG reduction goals or with AB32 or SB32. Table 3 Combined Annual Emissions (MT of C02e/year) Em1ss1on Source ProJect Em1ss1ons Construction 2.2 Operational Area 0 Energy 47.4 Solid Waste 40.6 Water 5.0 Mobile CO2 and CH. 166.3 N20 10.41 Total 271.91 CAP Threshold 900 Exceeds Threshold? No Source: Calculations were made in CalEEMod, see Appendix A for full model output. Values have been rounded Conclusion The City of Carlsbad has an adopted emission-based screening threshold for GHG emissions in their Climate Action Plan of 900 MT of C02e for projects in the City and the CAP has been shown to be consistent with applicable state emission targets set by SB 32. The proposed project would increase overall GHG emissions, but the increase would not exceed the 900 MT screening threshold. The project would be consistent with applicable land use and zoning designations, would not conflict with any state regulations intended to reduce GHG emissions statewide, and would be consistent with applicable plans and programs designed to reduce GHG emissions. Therefore, no mitigation measures are recommended. 14 __ . 2017b. 2020 Business-As-Usual (BAU) Emissions Projection -2014 Edition. https://www.arb.ca.gov/cc/inventory/data/bau.htm. Accessed October 2017. __ . 2017c. California Greenhouse Gas Emission Inventory-2017 Edition. https ://www.arb.ca .gov/cc/inventory/ data/data. htm. Accessed October 2017. __ . 2017d. The Advanced Clean Cars Program. https://www.arb.ca.gov/msprog/acc/acc.htm. Accessed October 2017. California Climate Action Registry (CCAR). 2009. California Climate Action Registry General Reporting Protocol, Reporting Entity-Wide Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Version 3.1. https://sfenvironment.org/sites/default/files/fliers/files/ccar grp 3-1 january2009 sfe- web.pdf. Accessed October 2017. California Climate Change Center (CCC(). 2006. Climate Scenarios for California. http://www.energy.ca.gov/200Spublications/CEC-500-2005-203/CEC-S00-2005-203-SF.PDF. Accessed October 2017. __ . 2009. The Impacts of Sea-Level Rise on the California Coast. http://pacinst.org/wp- content/uploads/2014/04/sea-level-rise.pdf. Accessed October 2017. California Department of Water Resources (DWR). 2008. Managing an Uncertain Future: Climate Change Adaptation Strategies for California's Water. http://www.water.ca.gov/climatechange/docs/ClimateChangeWhitePaper.pdf. Accessed October 2017. __ . 2013. California Water Plan Update 2013: Investing in Innovation and Infrastructure. http://www.water.ca.gov/waterplan/docs/cwpu2013/Fina1/0a-Vol1-full2.pdf. Accessed November 2017. California Energy Commission. 2009. Environmental Health and Equity Impacts from Climate Change and Mitigation Policies in California: A Review of the Literature. http://www.energy.ca.gov/2009publications/CEC-500-2009-038/CEC-500-2009-038-D.PDF. Accessed October 2017. California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA). 2006. Climate Action Team Report to Governor Schwarzenegger and the Legislature. http://www.climatechange.ca.gov/climate action team/reports/2006report/2006-04- 03 FINAL CAT REPORT.PDF. Accessed October 2017. __ . 2010. Climate Action Team Biennial Report -Executive Summary. http://www.energy.ca.gov/2010publications/CAT-1000-2010-004/CAT-l000-2010-004- ES.PDF. Accessed October 2017. Chen Ryan. Toyota of Carlsbad Carwash -Project Site Trip Generation. October 3, 2017 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan -September 2005 http://www.carlsbadca.gov/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?B1ob1D=29361 Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC). 2007. Summary for Policymakers. In: Climate Change 2007: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [Solomon, S., D. Qin, M. Manning, Z. Chen, M. Marquis, K.B. Avery, M. Tignor and H.L. Miller (eds.)]. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA. 16 Appendix A 18 ' tblVehicleTrips lblVehicle Trips 2.0 Emissions Summary 2.1 Overall Construction Unmitigated Construction SU_TR WD_TR 36.63 18.00 9.11 18.00 RU\;i NUX 1.;u SO2 Fugitive Exhaust t-'M10 t-ugttIve Exhaust t-'M2.:, ~I0-1.;u21N~I0-vu2 rota1 vu2 """ N2U vu2e PM10 PM10 Total PM2.5 PM2.5 Total I Year tonaryr M I yr 2019 II 0.2229 I 0.5851 I 0.4632 I 7.4000e-I 4.9700e-i 0.0352 I 0.0402 I 1.5100e-I 0.0325 i 0.0341 I 0.0000 I 66.6572 I 66.6572 l 0.0186 I 00000 ! 67.1216 :! I l : 004 : 003 I : ; 003 1 : l 1 : : i 1 Maximum 0.2229 0.5851 0.4632 7.4000e-4.9700e-0.0352 0.0402 1.5100e-0.0325 0.0341 0.0000 66.6572 66.6572 0.0186 0.0000 67.1216 Mitigated Construction Year 2019 Maximum t'<U\;i U 0.2229 f~ (>:2229 NUX 0.5851 j i 0.5851 004 003 003 vU ;,u2 rugffive1E<naust PM10 PM10 tons/yr 0.4632 7.4000e-4.9700e-0.0352 004 003 o.4632 I 1.4ooOe-T4~91oo·e-T~o.0352 004 I 003 PM10 Total Fugltlve J Exhaust PM2.5 PM2.5 0.0402 l 1.51 OOe-i 0.0325 l 003 ! ! I 0.0402 r 1.51ooe-J 0.0325 003 PM2.5 I B10-co2-rm_ . 0-C. 021 Total CO2 Total _ I __ l;H4 N2O CU2e Ml/yr 0.0341 0.0000 66.6571 I 66.6571 1 0.0186 l ! 0.0000 I 67.1215 0.0341 iroooo r 66.6511 r 66.6511 0.0186 0.0000 r s1.1215 e 2.2 Energy 8.8000e-8.0300e-6.7400e-5.0000e-6.1000e-6.1000e-6.1000e-I 6.1000e-l 0.0000 47.2072 47.2072 1.7200e-4.8000e-47.3933 004 003 003 005 004 004 004 004 003 004 Mobile 0.0667 0.2642 0.6393 1.8000e-0.1427 1.8700e-i 0.1446 0.0382 1.7500e-0.0400 0.0000 166.0327 166.0327 0.0102 0.0000 166.2867 003 003 I 003 l ~ Waste 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 ' 0.0000 16,3834 0.0000 16.3834 1 0.9682 0,0000 40.5892 i Water 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 i 0.0000 0.1406 4.4014 4.5420 0.0146 3.8000e-5.0199 l 004 ! Total 0.1393 0.2722 0.6462 1.8500e-0.1427 2.4800e-0.1452 0.0382 2.3600&-0.0406 16.5240 217.6416 234.1655 0.9947 8.6000e-259.2893 003 003 ROG NOX GU l:IOZ Fugitive Percent 3.38 10.45 13.95 18.50 Reduction 3.0 Construction Detail Construction Phase Phase Phase Name Phase Type Number 1 Demolition Demolition 2 Site Preparation Site Preparation 3 Grading Grading 4 Building Construction Building Construction 5 Paving Paving 6 Architectural Coating Architectural Coating Acres of Grading (Site Preparation Phase): 0.5 Acres of Grading (Grading Phase): 0 Acres of Paving: 0 PM10 20.57 Exhallllt PM10 PM10 Total 14.19 20.47 Start Date 1/1/2019 1/15/2019 1/16/2019 1/18/2019 6/7/2019 6/14/2019 003 004 Fugitive Exhaust l'MZ,5 ltllO• GUZ NtllO-GU.: lotal 1..u.: GH4 N.:U PM2.5 PM2.5 Total 20.57 13.87 20.21 0.00 15.07 14.15 0.18 0.00 End Date Num Days Num Days Phase Descnpt1on Week i 1/14/2019 5 10 ~ 1/15/2019 5 1 1/17/2019 5 2 6/6/2019 5 100 l 6/13/2019 ! 5( 5 I i 6/20/2019 5i I 5 Residential Indoor: O; Residential Outdoor: O; Non-Residential Indoor: 21,248; Non-Residential Outdoor: 7,083; Striped Parking Area: 0 OffRoad Equipment Architectural Coating quipment Type iAlr Compressors i Amount sage Hours 1 I 6001 1..u.:e 12.97 ROG NUX co SU2 ~UQIIIV& cxnaust l"'M10 Fugitive Exnaust l"'M2.5 BIO-1..u2 INBIO-CO2 iota[ CO2 c:H4 N2CJ c;o2e ; PM10 PM10 Total PM2.5 PM2.5 Total --Category ton ryr M ryr _ Off-Road !! 4.7700e-i 0.0430 j 0.0385 ! 6.0000e-I j 2.6900e-! 2.6900e-j 1 2.5600e-! 2.5600e-j 0.0000 l 5.2601 I 5.2601 ! 1.0000e-1 o 0000 ! 5.2852 I! 003 : ! i 005 I ! 003 I 003 I I 003 I 003 I i 1 ! 003 I I Total 4.7700e-0.0430 0.0385 6.0000e-2.6900e-2.6900e-2.5600e-2.5600e-0.0000 5.2601 5.2601 1.0000e-0.0000 5.2852 003 005 003 003 003 003 003 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site I l"<U'-' NUX I..U C>U./. 1-ug111ve 1::xnaust r-M10 1-ug111ve c:xnaust r"M,<.5 l:ll0-1,;U;i INl:ll0-1..u2 10181 vU./. 1..n" N2U vu2e .! PM10 PM10 Total PM2.5 PM2.5 Total 1,;ategory tons/yr Ml yr Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 I 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 I Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 2.0000e-1.5000e-1.4600e-0.0000 1 4.0000e-0.0000 4 OOOOe-1.1000e-0.0000 1.1000e-0.0000 0.3743 0.3743 1.0000e-0.0000 0.3746 004 004 003 I 004 004 004 004 005 I Total 2.0000e-1.5000e-1.4600e-0.0000 4.0000e-0.0000 4.0000e-1.1000e-0.0000 1.1000e-0.0000 0.3743 0.3743 1.ooooe-0.0000 0.3746 004 004 003 004 004 004 004 005 Mitigated Construction On-Site ·e ategory Unmitigated Construction Off-Site I l"<U(;i NUX \..U ::su2 Fugitive t:Xnaust ~MlO Fugitive Exhaust l"M..C.:> t:1I0-vv.: 1m:1I0-1..u.< Total 1..u.< CH4 N2O 1.;u.1e ' PM10 PM10 Total PM2.5 PM2.5 Total l Category ton•yr M yr Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0 0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 I 0.0000 0.0000 ! Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 1.0000e-1.0000e-7.0000e-0.0000 2.0000e-0.0000 2.0000e-1.0000e-0.0000 1.0000e-0.0000 i 0.0187 0.0187 0.0000 0.0000 0.0187 005 005 005 005 005 005 005 I I Total 1.0000e-1.0000e-7.0000e-0.0000 2.0000e-0.0000 2.0000e-1.0000e-0.0000 1.0000e-0.0000 0.0187 0.0187 0.0000 0.0000 0.0187 005 005 005 005 005 005 005 Mitigated Construction On-Site I "V~ ,~vx \JV .:,u,: 1-ug111ve 1:xnaust !"MIU t-ugltive 1:xnaust l"M.<.:> tllO-vu.: INt>IO-vu.< Total vu.: vM4 N2U vu.:e I PM10 PM10 Total PM2.5 PM2.5 Total 1.,ategory ton ,yr M yr -· Fugitive Dust 2.7000e-0.0000 2.7000e-3.0000e-I 0.0000 3.0000e-0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 I 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 004 004 005 005 ! Off-Road 3.6000e-4.4600e-2.0700e-0.0000 1.8000e-1.8000e-I 1.7oooe-1.7000e-0.0000 0.4378 0.4378 1.4000e-0.0000 I 0.4413 004 ! 003 ~ 003 004 004 I 004 004 i 004 Total 3.6000e-4.4600e-2.0700e-0.0000 2.7000e-1.B000e-4.5000e-3.0000e-1.7000e-2.0000e-0.0000 0.4378 0.4378 1.4000e-0.0000 0.4413 004 003 003 004 004 004 005 004 004 004 Mitigated Construction Off-Site 2e ! Total 4.0000e-3.0000e-2.9000e- 005 005 004 Mitigated Construction On-Site . KUl.:i NUX \;U category .. Fugitive Dusi Off-Road 9.5000e-8.6000e-7.6900e- 004 003 003 Total 9.5000e-8.6000e-7.6900e- 004 003 003 Mitigated Construction Off-Site t<U<., NVX l,;Q Category . Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0 0000 0.0000 Worker 4.0000e-3.0000e-2.9000e- 005 005 004 Total 4.0000e-3.0000e-2.9000e- 005 005 004 3.5 Building Construction -2019 Unmitigated Construction On-Site 0.0000 8.0000e-0.0000 8.0000e- 005 005 802 Fugitive Exhaust PM10 PM10 PM10 Total tons yr 7.SOOOe-0.0000 I 7.soooe- 004 I 004 1.0000e-5.4000e-5.4000e- 005 ! 004 004 1.0000e-7.5000e-5.4000e-1.2900e- 005 004 004 003 ::iU2 Fugitive txnau11t 1-'Mi0 PM10 PM10 Total tonsryr 0.0000 i 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 , I i 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 00000 0.0000 8.0000e-0.0000 8 OOOOe- 005 005 0.0000 8.0000e-0.0000 8.0000e- 005 005 2.0000e-0.0000 2.0000e-0.0000 0.0749 0.0749 0.0000 0.0000 0.0749 005 005 1-ugItIve txhaust PM2.:i 1:110-vv2 INl:lio-1.,v2 l otal 1..u2 1.,r',4 N2O 1..u2e PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Ml yr . 4.1000e-0.0000 4.1000e-0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 004 004 5.1000e-5.1000e-0.0000 1.0520 1.0520 2.0000e-0.0000 1.0570 004 004 004 4.1000e-5.1000e-9.2000e-0.0000 1.0520 1.0520 2.0000e-0.0000 1.0570 004 004 004 004 1-ugIbve 1:xnaust l-'M2.:) 1:110-1.,;u2 INBIO-uv2 I otaI vv-< 1.,n4 N2U vv2e PM2.5 PM2.5 Total M ryr 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 00000 0 0000 0.0000 0 0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2.0000e-0.0000 2.0000e-0.0000 0.0749 0.0749 0.0000 0.0000 0.0749 005 005 2.0000e-0.0000 2.0000e-0.0000 0.0749 0.0749 0.0000 0.0000 0.0749 005 005 Off-Road ~! 0.0479 1 0.4910 I o.3772 I 5.7oooe-i o.o3o3 l 0_0303 i 0.0279 ; 0.0279 i 0.0000 i 51 .1502 i 51.1502 I 0.0162 , 0.0000 , 51.5548 004 Total I 0.0479 I 0.4910 i o.3772 i 5.1oooe----r 0.0303 t o.o3o3 t I 0.0219 I 0.0219 1 0.0000 rs1.1502 J 51.1502 J o.01s2TO.oooo -, 51.5548 004 Mitigated Construction Off-Site ' "U'-" .. ux uu ;:,u.: 1-ugmve t:xnaust .-JVl10 fUQlltve t:xnaust ,-M.<.5 BIO-UU.< NBIO-uu2 l otal UU.< UM'4 N20 uu2e r PM10 PM10 Total PM2.5 PM2.5 Total I Category -ton· ,yr ' Ml yr Hauling 0.0000 00000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 4.7000e-0.0126 3.3700e-3.0000e-6.6000e-9.0000e-7.5000e-1.9000e-8.0000e-2.7000e-0.0000 2.6568 2.6568 2.1000e-0.0000 2.6621 004 003 005 004 005 004 004 005 004 004 Worker 1.1800e-9.1000e-, 8.7800e-2 0000e-2.4100e-2.0000e-2.4200e-6.4000e-; 2.0000e-6.6000e-0.0000 2.2455 2.2455 7.0000e-0.0000 2.2473 003 004 ; ; 003 005 003 005 003 004 005 004 i 005 Total 1.6500e-0.0135 0.0122 5.ooooe-3.0700e-1.1000e-3.1700e-8.3000e-1.0000e-9.3000e-0.0000 4.9023 4.9023 2.8000e-0.0000 4.9094 003 005 003 004 003 004 004 004 004 3.6 Paving -2019 Unmitigated Construction On-Site I Ru1.; NUX \;U :;u2 Fugitive Exhaust l"M10 Fug1t1ve Exhaust JJM2.5 810-i.;u2 rl:lio-vU2 Total 1,;u,1 1,;H4 N20 L;U28 PM10 PM10 Total PM2.5 PM2.5 Total Category ton ,yr M ,yr Off-Road 2.0700e-0.0196 I 0.0119 3.0000e-1.1100e-1.1100e-1.0300e-1.0300e-0.0000 j 2.3931 2.3931 6.8000e-0.0000 2.4102 003 I 005 003 003 003 003 004 Paving 0.0000 ! 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 I Total 2.0700e-0.0196 0.0179 3.0000e-1.1100e-1.1100e-1.0300e-1.0300e-0.0000 2.3931 2.3931 6.8000e-0.0000 2.4102 003 005 003 003 003 003 004 I Category .. Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 1.8000e-1.4000e-1.3200e- 004 004 003 Total 1.8000e-1.4000e-1.3200e- 004 004 003 3.7 Architectural Coating -2019 Unmitigated Construction On-Site KU<., NUX cu 1.;ategory Archit. Coating 0.1641 Off-Road 6.7000e-4.5900e-4.6000e- 004 003 003 Total 0.1648 4.5900e-4.6000e- 003 003 Unmitigated Construction Off-Site ·. RUl;; I NOx co category Hauling 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Vendor 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 Worker 1.0000e-1.0000e-7.0000e- 005 005 005 tonstyr 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 3.6000e-0.0000 004 0.0000 3.6000e-0.0000 004 ;:,u2 1-ugllIve t:xnaust PM10 PM10 ton ,yr I 0.0000 I 1.0000e-! 3.2000e- 005 I 004 1.0000e-3.2000e- 005 004 502 FugItIve t:Xnaust PM10 PM10 tons yr 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2.0000e-0.0000 005 ,. Mll)lr 0.0000 I 0.0000 I 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 i 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 ! i 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 3.6000e-1.0000e-0.0000 1.0000e-0.0000 0.3368 0.3368 1.0000e-0.0000 0.3371 004 004 004 i 005 3.6000e-1.0000e-0.0000 1.0000e-0.0000 0.3368 0.3368 1.0000e-0.0000 0.3371 004 004 004 005 l'M10 1-ugIllve cxnaust PM2.5 l:!IO-vu2 810-1.,u2 Total 1.,u2 1.,n4 N2U 1.,u2e Total PM2.5 PM2.5 Total M tyr 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 3.2000e-3.2000e-3.2000e-0.0000 0.6383 0.6383 5.0000e-0.0000 0.6397 004 004 004 005 3.2000e-3.2000e-3.2000e-0.0000 0.6383 0.6383 5.0000e-0.0000 0.6397 004 004 004 005 t-'M10 Fugitive I t:Xnaust I t-'M2.5 810-CO2 N8io-1.,u2 Total 1.,u2 1.,n4 N2U 1.,;u2e Total PM2.5 PM2.5 Total M yr 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 I 2.0000e-1.0000e-0.0000 1.0000e-0.0000 0.0187 0.0187 0.0000 I 0.0000 0.0187 005 005 005 i Increase Transit Accessibility I ROG NOX co ;:,u2 Fugitive cxnaust l"'M10 Fug11ive I PM10 PM10 Total PM2.5 -Category tons/yr Mitigated 0.0667 0.2642 0.6393 ; 1.8000e-0.1427 1.8700e-0.1446 0.0382 003 003 Unmitigated 0.0716 0.2960 0.7440 2.2200e-0.1797 2.2800e-0.1820 0.0481 003 ! 003 4.2 Trip Summary Information . Average uauy Trip Rate Land Use wee1<aay I saturaay sunaay Place of Worship i 254.88 ~ 254.88 254.88 Total I 254.88 I 254.88 254.88 4.3 Trip Type Information ana use R- Place of Worship 4.4 Fleet Mix an 5.0 Energy Detail Historical Energy Use: N 1:xnaust PM2.5 1.7500e- 003 2.1300e- 003 i I l"'M".5 BIO-vU" INl:SIO-CO2 iota! CO2 CH4 Total Ml ,yr 0.0400 0.0000 166.0327 166.0327 0.0102 0.0503 0.0000 204.6437 204.6437 0.0119 unmmgeteCl Mmgated AnnualVMT . AnnualVMT 476,801 ! 378,728 476,801 I 378,728 nmary 64 N2O 0.0000 0.0000 I vu2e 166.2867 204.9423 5.5429 6.8314 I NaturalGa I KUl.::i s Use NUX vU ;:;u;,: I Fugltl11e I ExhausTr PM10 I Fuglfi11e I Exhaust I PM2.5 IBio-CO2 INBio-CO21TOtalvU.tl l.;H4 PM10 PM10 Total PM2.5 PM2.5 Total f-120 Land Use kBTU/yr Place oTWorship 163747 Total 8.8000e-8 0300Ei= 6.7400e-5.0000e- 004 003 003 005 s.aoooe: 1· s.o30oe- oo4 003 6.7400e- 003 5.0000e- 005 5.3 Energy by Land Use -Electricity Unmitigated t:1ectncny Total vu.c l.;H4 N.tU 1.u,e Use Land use Kwrvyr M tyr Place of Worship \ 117711 ii 38.4690 \ 1.5500e-i 3.2000e-! 38.6032 ! ii I 003 i 004 i H ; ; ; Total 38.4690 1.5500e-3.2000e-38.6032 003 004 Mitigated Electnc,ty Totai(.;U.! CH4 N:.!U 1.;u2e ' Use Land Use kWh/yr M tyr Place of Worship / 117711 38.4690 ; 1 . 5500e-3.2000e-i 38.6032 ! ! 003 004 I ! ' Total 38.4690 1.5500e-3.2000e-38.6032 003 004 IOl\$/yr 6.1000e-6.1000e- 004 004 6.1000e- 004 6.1000e- 004 ; 6. fdooe:7 6.1 000e- i 004 i 004 ! i s:1O00e- 004 6.1000e- 004 Ml/yr I 0 0000 j 8.7382 j 8.7382 j 1.7000e-1.6000e- ! I I 1 004 004 0.0000 8.7382 8.7382 1.7000e- 004 1.6000e- 004 (.;U.te 8.7901 8.7901 ' Mitigated KU(.; •~ux vV l:iubcategory Architectural 0.0164 Coating Consumer 0.0553 Products Landscaping 1.0000e-0.0000 ; 1.3000e- 005 i 004 Total 0.0717 0.0000 1.3000e- 004 7 .0 Water Detail 7.1 Mitigation Measures Water Total 1,;u2 CH4 N20 category Ml yr Mitigated 4.5420 0.0146 Unmitigated 4.5420 0.0146 ~ 7 .2 Water by Land Use Unmitigated 3.BOOOe- 004 3.BOOOe- 004 <:>v2 0.0000 0.0000 vU:.10 5.0199 5.0199 1-ug11t11e txnaust ,-M10 fug1t111e t:xnaust .-M.:.5 l:!10-vu21Nt:IIO-vu2 lotal vu.: VM4 N20 vv2e PM10 PM10 Total PM2.5 PM2.5 Total ton ~yr ., Ml yr 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 0000 0 0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0 0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 i 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2.SOOOe-2.5000e-0.0000 0.0000 2.7000e- 004 004 004 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 0.0000 2.SOOOe-2.SOOOe-0.0000 0.0000 2.7000e- 004 004 004 Total 1.,u2 1.,1"14 N<:U 1.,u2e MT/yr .Mitigated 16.3834 0.9682 Unmitigated 16.3834 0.9682 : 8.2 Waste by Land Use Unmitigated waste Total 1.,u:.: Disposed Land use tons Place of Worship \ 80.71 ii 16.3834 i ii Total 16.3834 Mitigated Waste I Total CO2 Disposed -Land Use tons I Place of Worship 80.71 II 16.3834 Total I i 16.3834 0.0000 40.5892 00000 40.5892 vM4 NLU M tyr o.9682 l 0.0000 ! ! 0.9682 0.0000 cm I N20 MT/yr 0.9682 ! 0.0000 o.9682 I 0.0000 1.,u:.:e I 40.5892 40.5892 I C02e 40.5892 I 40.5892 Greenhouse Gas Emission Worksheet N20 Mobile Emissions BAU From URBEMIS 2007 Vehicle Fleet Mix Output: AnnualVMT. 476,801 N.<U CH4 Emission N2O Percent CH4 Emission Emission Factor Emission Vehicle Tvoe Type Factor (11/milel* 111/mile)-l(Q/mile)" (g/mlle)- Light Auto 460% 0 04 0 0184 0.04 0.0184 Light Truck< 3750 lbs 10.3% 0.05 0 00515 0.06 0.00618 Light Truck 3751-5750 lbs 23.2% 0.05 0 0116 0.06 0.01392 Med Truck 5751-8500 lbs 12.2% 0.12 0 01464 0.2 0.0244 Lite-Heavy Truck 8501-10,000 lbs 21% 0.12 0 00252 0.2 0 0042 Lite-Heavy Truck 10,001-14,000 lbs 0.5% 0.09 0 00045 0.125 0 000625 Med-Heavy Truck 14,001-33,000 lbs 10% 0.06 0 0006 0.05 0.0005 Heavy-Heavy Truck 33,001-60,000 lbs 29% 0.06 0 00174 0.05 0 00145 Other Bus 0 1% 0.06 0 00006 0.05 0.00005 Urban Bus 0.1% 0.06 0 00006 0.05 0.00005 Motorcycle 1.1% 0.09 0 00099 0.01 0.00011 School Bus 01% 0.06 0 00006 0.05 0.00005 Motor Home 0.4% 0.09 0 00036 0.125 0.0005 Total 100.0% 0.05663 0.070435 Total Emissions (metric tons)= Emission Factor by Vehicle Mix lq/mi} x Annual VMT(mi) x 0.000001 metric tons/q Conversion to Carbon Dioxide Equivalency (CO2e) Units based on Global Warming Potential (GWP) CH4 21 GWP N2O 310 GWP 1 ton (short, US) = 0. 907184 7 4 metric ton Annual Mobile Emissions: Total Emissions Total CO2e units N20 Emissions: 0.0336 metric tons N2O 10.41 metric tons CO2e References I Project Total: 10.41 metric tons CO2e • from Table C.4: Methane and Nitrous Oxide Emission Factors for Mobile Sources by Vehicle and Fuel Type (g/mile). in California Climate Action Registry General Reporting Protocol. Repcrting Entity-Wide Greenhouse Gas Emissions. Version 3 1. January 2009. Assume Model year 2000-present, gasoline fueled. •• Source. California Climate Action Registry General Repcrting Protocol, Repcrting Entity-Wide Greenhouse Gas Emissions, Version 3.1, January 2009. ••• From UR BEMIS 2007 results for mobile sources