HomeMy WebLinkAboutCT 85-34; VIEWPOINT; COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS; 1988-11-01• • Exhibit 11 X11
Dated April 19, 1989
COMPREHENSIVE ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
VIEWPOINT TENTATIVE TRACT MAP
#85-34
Prepared by:
WESTEC Services, Inc.
5510 Morehouse Drive
San Diego, CA 92121
Project No. 38118000
Prepared for:
Westana Builders/Developers
4241 Jutland Drive, Suite 215
San Diego, CA 92117
November 1988
• •
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECIIO~ TI[LE
I. INTRODUCTION
II. ENVIRONMENTAL SETIING
Ill. PROJECT DESCRIPTION
A. Location and Site Characteristics
B. Project Characteristics
IV. ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS
A. Land Use
B . Landform Alteration/Visual Quality
C. Biological Resources
D. Cultural Resources
E. Noise
V. CUMULATIVE EFFECTS
VI. ALTERNATIVES
A. No Project
B Reduced Density Alternative
VII. REFERENCES
LIST OF FIGURES
NUMBER TITLE
2-1 Regional Location of the Project Site
2-2 Location of the Project Site on U.S.G.S. Encinitas 7.5'
Topographic Quadrangle
3-1 Proposed Viewpoint Tentative Map
4-1 Slope Analysis of the Existing Topography of the Viewpoint Site
PAGE
1-1
2-1
3-1
3-1
3-1
4-1
. 4-1
4-5
4-13
4-24
4-25
5-1
6-1
6-1
6-1
7-1
PAGE
2-2
2-3
3-3
4-6
• •
TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued)
LIST OF FIGURES (Continued)
SECTION TITLE
4-2 Existing Views of the Site from El Camino Real
4-3 Biological ResoUICes of the Viewpoint Project Site
4-4 Slopes Over 25 Percent with Native Vegetation on the
Viewpoint Project Site
4-5 Noise Barriers Required to Mitigate the Viewpoint Project Site
4-6 Viewpoint -Proposed Balcony
LIST OF TABLES
NlIMDEB TITLE
4-1 Slope Acreages and Gradients Onsite
4-2 Existing Views of the Site from El Camino Real
4-3 Future CNEL Noise Contour Distances at the Project Site
LIST OF APPENDICES
L~Tl'EB TITLE
A Biology and Letter Reports
B Archaeology Repon and Data Recovery Plan
C Noise Letter Repon
D Traffic Analysis
ii
PAGE
4-8
4-15
4-23
4-29
4-30
fAGE
4-5
4-22
4-28
fAGE
A-1
B-1
C-1
D-1
• •
I. INTRODUCTION
This comprehensive environmental analysis addresses the potential environmental
effects associated with the development of the Viewpoint Tentative Tract Map
. (TM #85-34) in the City of Carlsbad. This environmental analysis has been focused
on five issues which were determined to be potentially significant by the City of
Carlsbad. The five issue areas are: land use; landform alteration/Visual quality;
biological resources; cultural resources; and noise. In addition, a cumulative effects
and alternatives discussion are included within the report. The technical reports
corresponding to the issues in this analysis are appended at the end of this report.
This environmental analysis has been prepared in accordance with the requirements of
the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), the State of California CEQA
Guidelines, as amended June 1986, and the City of Carlsbad environmental review
guidelines. This report is an informational document, not requiring any formal public
review, which summarizes and supplements the number of technical studies on this
development that have been piepared.
1-1
II. ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
The proposed project site occupies a total of 40.5 acres of land in the central-eastern
portion of the City of Carlsbad. The site is approximately 1000 feet west of El Camino
Real along Alga Road, which bisects El Camino Real midway between Pointsettia
Lane, to the north, and La Costa A venue, to the south. The easternmost edge of
Batiquitos Lagoon is located approximately 1 mile south of the site (Figures 2-1 and
2-2).
Topographically, the project site is dominated by a north-south trending ridge, which is
cut by numerous gullies, particularly to the west. The top of the ridge is generally level
and gently rises to the north. To the west the site slopes down to a wide, grassy
canyon offsite. To the east, the site gradually slopes down into a series of graded pads
on the adjacent property. Topography to the south rounds down toward the existing
and proposed alignment of Alga Road. The Viewpoint sit~ is part of the general
upward rise in the area's topography, which starts at the floor of Batiquitos Lagoon and
continues to rise to the north of the site.
The project site is currently undeveloped and primarily supports mixed chaparral
vegetation, with some oak woodland species in the southwestern and northwestern
portions of the site. Disturbance of the site is presently minimal, with the exception of
the series of dirt roads that traverse the site, including those associated with the
SDG&E service easement, and the pads for the two utility towers onsite. These
disturbances account for approximately 4 acres of the 40.5 total acres that comprise the
site.
Land uses surrounding the site include the Seapoint single-family residential
development to the south; a number of scattered single-family homes and agricultural
land to the north; the Pacific Rim master-planned community, which is currently
undergoing construction, to the west; and to the east a series of eroded pads and
manufactured slopes, on which a post office, city library, and some commercial uses
are proposed.
•
ill. PROJECT DESCRIPI'ION
A. LOCATION AND SITE CHARACTERISTICS
The site of the proposed project is located approximately 1000 feet west of El
Camino Real along the northern edge of Alga Road in the eastern portion of the
City of Carlsbad. The proposed development is directly nonh and east of the
approved Pacific Rim master-planned community, which is adjacent to Batiquitos
Lagoon to the south. Alga Road serves as the southern boundary of the site.
Figures 2-1 and 2-2 illustrate the location of the site.
The project site is essentially undeveloped at this time. The existing Alga Road is a
four-lane paved roadway running east-west from El Camino Real and ending at the
proposed site's southeastern boundary, near the intersection with Mimosa Street. A
portion of the grading for the Alga Road extension has recently been completed
along the southern boundary of the site, extending into the Pacific Rim
development. Improvements onsite include a number of dirt roads that traverse the
property and a San Diego Gas and Electric (SDG&E) service easement across the
southwestern quarter of the site that contains a high voltage overhead transmission
line. Adjacent to the property to the nonh are agricultural lands and single-family
residences; to the south and east are single-family homes; and undeveloped open
space is located to the west (where the Pacific Rim community is being built).
The topography of the site is dominated by a north-south trending ridge, which is
cut by numerous gullies, particularly to the west. The eastern side of the ridge is
relatively level. The site vegetation consists primarily of native chaparral, with
small areas of oak woodland present in the northwestern and southwestern comers
of the site, and scrub vegetation in the eastern portion of the site. The entire site
drains to the south toward Batiquitos Lag90n.
B . PROJECT CHARACTERISTICS
Tentative Tract Map# 85-34 proposes the development of the 40.5-acre site with 90
single-family residential dwelling units. A proposed open space lot, including the
SDG&E easement, would retain approximately 13.2 acres (of the total 40.5 acres)
in natural open space in the western portion of the site, with approximately
3-1
3 additional acres of open space easements placed on the slopes throughout the
proposed development. The average proposed lot size is 8,800 square feet,
resulting in a development density of approximately 3.1 dwelling units (d.u.) per
acre of land. Access to the site would be from Alga Road to the south and from the
future southern extension of Mimosa Street to the site's northern boundary.
Internal circulation would include the project's extension of Mimosa Street south to
Alga Road, an internal loop road with two connections to Mimosa Street, and three
small cul-de-sacs (refer to Figure 3-1).
A landscaping plan has been proposed for all manufactured slopes of the project.
The exterior slopes which are contiguous to the open space area will provide a
transitional appearance from the existing natural habitat to semi-natural species
along the bottom of the slope and ornamental species from the middle to the top of
the slope. The slopes on the interior of the development will be primarily planted
with a mixture of ornamental species.
The preliminary grading plan (Figure 3-1) proposes 213,000 cubic yards of cut and
fill, resulting in no export material. Manufactured slopes of a 2 to 1 gradient would
be created in a number of areas onsite, with a maximum slope height of 30 feet.
The proposed grading plan would result in the majority of the development
concentrated in the eastern and central portions of the site, with the open space lot
situated to the west of the residences. The southwestern boundary of residential
development would be the SDG&E easement. Some grading would occur in the
southwestern corner of the site along Alga Road to accommodate the construction
of Alga Road.
3-2
IV. ENVIRONMENT AL ANALYSIS
A. LAND USE
Existin1 Conditions
The Viewpoint project site is cUITently vacant land. There are no structures onsite
except for high voltage SDG&E utility lines which cross the property in the
southwestern quarter of the site. Two towers associated with the powerlines are
located onsite. A series of dirt roads traverse the entire site, including the SDG&E
service easement.
Surrounding land uses include Alga Road and the existing Seapon residential
development to the south; the Pacific Rim development to the west, which is
currently being constructed; scattered single family residences on large lots with
agricultural uses to the north; and vacant land to the east. The territory east of the
project site and west of El Camino Real has been graded and zoned for commercial
uses.
Land use policies which affect development of the Viewpoint project site include
appropriate documents of the City of Carlsbad and of the California Coastal
Commission. Although the· project site is approximately one mile from the
shoreline of Batiquitos Lagoon, it is within the management plan boundary as
described in the Draft Batiquitos Lagoon Management Plan. This management plan
has not yet been adopted by the City of Carlsbad.
City of Carlsbad: Development of the proposed Viewpoint tentative map is
governed by the provisions of the Carlsbad General Plan, the City zoning
ordinance, and tl:le Growth Management/Facilities and Improvements Plan.
The existing General Plan land use designation for the site is RLM or low-medium
residential density. This designation is reserved for urban, low density residential
areas usually characterized by single-family residences and planned residential
developments. The density permitted with the RLM category is 0-4 dwelling units
per acre (du/acre) which would result in a maximum theoretical development of
approximately 162 units on the proposed site. The primary land use goals of the
4-1
City as identified in the land use element of the General Plan emphasize the
protection of existing resources and neighborhoods, the maintenance of a desirable
living environment, and adequate protection from environmental hazards. Specific
residential guidelines describe the need for the provision of a variety of housing
types while retaining the existing single family predominance; encourage cluster-
type housing which would provide appropriate open space; and recommend
locating new developments adjacent to compatible land uses and near adequate
commercial services and public facilities (City of Carlsbad, 1983).
Toe project site is cWTCntly zoned LC, Limited Control, which is a zoning category
the City assigned to the property when it was annexed from the County of San
Diego to the City in 1987. Toe LC zone was intended to be a "holding zone" which
is an interim zone where no specific land uses are indicated until development plans
are proposed for the site. The two discretionary actions associated with the
Viewpoint project are the approval of the tentative map and a rezone. The rezone
would change the zoning of the site from LC to Rl-75 which would allow
minimum building lots of 7,500 square feet
The City's Growth Management/Facilities and Improvements Plan is the first phase
of the City's growth management plan and was intended to implement the General
Plan and zoning ordinance by ensuring that development occurs concWTCnt with
adequate public services and facilities. The City has been divided into 25 local
zones which are required to have a local Facility Management Plan completed prior
to development occurring with that zone. The Viewpoint project site is located
within Z.One 6, which does have a completed local facility management plan.
Coastal Act: The Viewpoint project site is located within the coastal zone and is
subject to the provisions of the Mello II Local Coastal Plan (LCP). The original
LCP for the.Mello II segment of the City was certified in 1981 and amended in
1985 in order to resolve conflicts between the 1981 version and the City's adopted
policies.
The Mello II LCP policies focus on drainage and erosion control and are very
specific. Any development affecting slopes over 25 percent must prepare a slope
analysis map. If the slopes of 25 percent or greater also encompass endangered
flora or fauna and/or coastal sage scrub and chapamu plant communities, they must
4-2
be preserved in their natural state unless the developer can show that such a
restriction would preclude reasonable use of his propeny. If that determination is
made, 10 percent of the steep slopes may be disturbed to provide access if no less
environmentally damaging alternative exists. If the steep slopes do not contain
endangered species or sensitive habitats they may be graded, provided that
mandatory findings are made (City of Carlsbad, 1985).
Additional LCP policies require that all developments conform to the Carlsbad
Master Drainage Plan, limit grading to specified dates, control run-off, maintain
drainage and erosion control facilities, plant and stabilize graded areas, and
concentrate development on the flatter portions of the site.
The Mello II LCP is implemented through the City zoning ordinances. The
Viewpoint project site is a part of the Coastal Resource Overlay Z.One designated in
those zoning ordinances. The zone was established to ensure that special attention
be given to conservation of coastal resources, such as major areas of environmental
sensitivity, steep slopes, major drainageways, and areas of outstanding scenic
quality. The project site would be rezoned with these additional resource protection
policies which allow the City to assure both compliance with the LCP policies and
permanent protection of natural resources. Additionally, the project will require a
Coastal Development Permit to be issued by the California Coastal Commission.
Draft Batiguitos Lagoon Management Plan: This draft management plan identifies
three planning areas around the lagoon. The first area is the lagoon resource area,
which is needed for the lagoon's wetland functions, and is located closest to the
shoreline. The second or critical planning area is defined as the viewshed of
Batiquitos Lagoon. The third planning area is the management plan area which
encompasses the entire lagoon drainage basin, including some territory outside the
City of Carlsbad's corporate limits. The Viewpoint project site is located within the
third management plan area, outside of the lagoon resource and critical planning
areas. It was concluded in the draft report that only generalized guidelines were
needed to reduce impacts to the lagoon within :this management plan area. These
general guidelines include specific policies and criteria to prevent increased
sedimentation and decreased water quality in the lagoon. Some of the policies and
criteria which apply to the Viewpoint project call for an erosion control plan to be
prepared and for graded slopes to be landscaped and maintained.
4-3
Impacts
The proposed project would convert the 40.5 acres from vacant land to a residential
community with 90 single-family detached residential units and an overall density
of 3.1 du/acre. The proposed development plans are consistent with the City's
General Plan designation of RLM, which allows a range of 0-4 du/acre. The
proposed rezone from LC to Rl-75 would ensure that the zoning is consistent with
the General Plan designation. The proposed development is also consistent with
both existing and proposed land uses which surround the project. The project site
is within zone 6 of the Facilities and Improvements Plan of the City, which includes
areas from the site on east to Rancho Santa Fe Road and on south of La Costa
A venue. The site was included within zone 6 because it related more to the existing
services and facilities to the east rather than to the undeveloped land located to the
west. The facility plan is completed for this zone and a public facilities adequacy
analysis will be prepared as part of the City's staff rcpon for this project. No
significant or adverse impacts to the City's General Plan, zoning ordinance and
growth management plan are anticipated upon development of the proposed project.
The Viewpoint project site is generally in compliance with the applicable LCP
policies. The proposed land use designation is within the range approved by the
Mello II LCP. Subsequent grading and construction onsite will conform to all
requirements of the LCP, the Coastal Resource Overlay Z.One, the Carlsbad Master
Drainage Plan and the Carlsbad Grading Ordinance. (For a complete discussion of
the project's compliance with LCP policies regarding steep slopes, refer to the
Landform Alteration/Visual Quality section). No significant coastal land use
impacts are anticipated.
The proposed development is in conformance with the guidelines of the draft
Batiquitos Lagoon Management Plan for the management plan area. The criteria for
the prevention of increased sedimentation and decreased water quality in the lagoon
would be met through aL1erence to the Carlsbad grading ordinance and LCP
policies, and no significant impacts are anticipated.
4-4
Mitiption Measures
Since no significant land use impacts were identified, no mitigation measures are
necessary.
B . LAND FORM ALTERATION/VISUAL QUALITY
Existing Conqjtions
TOJ)ography. The project site is characterized by a dominant north-south trending
ridgetop which covers a majority of the site. The ridgetop rises in elevation from
south to north where, off-site, there are scattered single family residences and
agricultural uses. To the west the topography varies considerably. The project site
slopes down to a wide, grassy canyon, which is off-site, and then up again to
another coastal mesa. This rolling topography continues westerly to I-5. To the
east the topography of the site gradually slopes down into a series of eroded pads
and manufactured slopes off-site. To the south the site rounds down toward the
existing and proposed alignment of Alga Road. Alga Road is shown on the City's
Circulation Element and is currently being constructed as part of the Pacific Rim
development
Elevations onsite range from approximately 180 feet mean sea level (MSL) in the
southwestern corner of the site to 260 feet MSL in the central portion of site. Slope
gradients vary across the site. Figure 4-1 illustrates the existing slope gradients in
the proposed project area. Table 4-1 lists the categories of slopes onsite and their
approximate percentage of the total site acreage.
~
0-15%
15-25%
25-40%
40% and greater
Total
TABLE 4-1
SLOPE ACREAGES AND
GRADIENTS ONSITE
~
18.2
16.1
3.5
..l.J..
40.5
4-5
Percent of Site
46%
40%
8%
_§_jz_
100%
.S.un;ounding Land Uses. The project site is located in an area of Carlsbad which is
sU1TOunded by existing and proposed development. Existing development is
generally located to the south and east and includes the Seaport residential
development, the La Costa Spa and Hotel and commercial areas. The property
directly adjacent to the site's eastern boundary has been graded and approved for
commercial development. which will include a 160,000 square foot U.S. Postal
office site. The Pacific Rim project, a 1400-acre planned development of 4,500
dwelling units is currently undergoing construction, and is located to the west of the
site. The land directly adjacent to the Viewpoint site has been planned for use as a
32-acre elementary school site.
Long-RanG and Short-Ran&e Views. Due to the location and topography of the
site, views of the site arc available from a variety of locations. The most prominent
view of the site is from the east along El Camino Real. The Viewpoint project site
is a part of the general upward rise of the area's topography which starts at the floor
of Batiquitos Lagoon and continues to rise to the north to the site. The topography
of the site is high enough to prevent westerly views to the ocean from areas directly
east of the site (see Figure 4-2). However, the varied topography of the area
allows views of the ocean over the site from the higher elevations of El Camino
Real, north of the project site. Views from the site of the ocean are also available
across Batiquitos Lagoon and the Seaport development. The site is also visible
from the higher elevations of the La Costa development as part of the panoramic
westerly views.
The adjacent residential development to the south is located at lower elevations than
the site on a slope that decreases in elevation toward Batiquitos Lagoon. The
homes directly south of the site are approximately 20 feet below the alignment of
Alga Road; therefore, the slope differential, existing fences and landscaping prevent
most views of the Viewpoint site from the residences in the Seaport development
The existing residences north of the project site have some southerly views of and
bc.,1ond the site. The off-site topography to the north continues to rise until
reaching a high point south of Palomar Airport ~oad, approximately I mile north of
the site.
4.7
Ap,plicable Plans and Policies. Policies which affect visual resources onsite include
the Oty's Scenic Highways Element of the General Plan, which contains policies
and programs designed to preserve and enhance the outstanding scenic resources of
the City which are visible from selected roadways, and the Mello II LCP policies.
The Scenic Highways Element includes a list of existing local routes that the City
has identified as potentially eligible for a scenic highway designation. The routes
near or adjacent to the Viewpoint site which are considered eligible for this
designation are El Camino Real and Alga Road. General guidelines for
development within the Scenic Highway Element include the provision of bikeways
or observation points, the regulation of building bulk and height, the control of
eanhmoving (i.e., erosion control) and the preservation of view corridors. The
City also has a maximum height restriction of 35 feet for all structures in the
viewshed of a scenic highway.
The Land Use Plan for the Mello II LCP sets up policies relating to visual quality
for new development, which include the preservation of natural vegetation on steep
slopes and the adoption of erosion control standards. Slopes of 25 percent or
greater with native vegetation are required to be preserved unless they would
preclude reasonable use of the site. The erosion control standards ensure that
development will be located away from visible steep slopes. The purpose of the
Mello LCP recommendations is to ensure that visual resources are protected,
preserved, or mitigated prior to construction, and that new development will not
visually degrade the area. Additional discussion of specific Coastal Commission
policies, including those that apply to steep slopes is contained with the land use
section of this report (Section ill.A)
Impacts
Landform Alteration. The grading plan for the site proposes approximately
213,000 cubic yards of cut and 213,000 cubic yards of fill, resulting in a balanced
grading onsite. The grading would occur across 24 acres of the 40.5 total acres, or
60 percent of the site, and would result in a series of level building pads ranging in
elevation from a low of 185 feet in the southwestern comer to a high of 256 feet in
the center of the Viewpoint site.
4-9
In general, the proposed grad.in& would lower the highest overall elevation of.the
site by about 5 to 10 feet while also increasing the lower elevations by 5 to 10 feet.
The site, after grading, would still generally follow the horth-south tending slope of
the land. Impacts resulting from the alteration of existing topography are,
therefore, not considered significant.
Views. Potential impacts to viewers may be associated with the proposed creation
of manufactured slopes along the eastern project boundary. The height of these
manufactured slopes would range up to 30 feet along the eastern boundary.
However, existing off-site manufactured slopes have already been constructed
along the eastern border up to 20 feet in height, thus resulting in combined 50 foot
slopes along portions of the eastern boundary.
As stated in the existing conditions section, the most prominent views of the site are
from the east along El Camino Real. Because the highest manufactured slopes
would be along the eastern boundary and would be visible from El Camino Real,
which is considered a potential scenic highway, the creation of these slopes could
create a visual impact. However, development of the land between the site and El
Camino Real would obstruct views from the roadway, and the manufactured slopes
will be less visible in the future.
Views from the north are not anticipated to be significantly affected. Although
• portions of the site would be higher and the construction of homes would reduce
views, the general sloping nature of the proposed development would preserve
some views toward the southwest. Views from the Pacific Rim project are not
expected to change substantially from those afforded by the existing topography,
which generally blocks views to the east except from the higher elevations of the
development.
Views from the residences of the Seapon development to the south are currently
limited due to the difference in slope and the existing fences and landscaping.
Development of the site would, therefore, not result in significant, adverse visual
impacts to those residences. However, to motorists travelling on Mimosa Street
and Alga Road, 30 foot manufactured slopes with retaining walls at the entrance to
the Viewpoint development would be readily visible.
4-10
Applicable Policies. The Viewpoint project has been designed in accordance with
the visual resource policies mentioned previously. All grading will be completed in
conformance to City grading ordinances and erosion control plans. Subsequent
development of the Viewpoint site will also conform to design guidelines of the
City and coastal policies regarding scale, materials and color.
As was stated in the Land Use section of this report, the LCP is specific about the
amount of encroachment permitted into areas with slopes in excess of 25 percent.
As was shown in Table 4-1, approximately 6.2 acres of the site encompasses
slopes of 25 percent or greater. The proposed development will convert
approximately 1.9 acres of steep slope areas to urban uses which represents
30% of the total amount of steep slope area onsite. Of that 1.9 acres,
approximately 0.6 acres are isolated pockets of steep slopes scattered across the
flatter portion of the Viewpoint site. Conversion of the 0.6 acre is an unavoidable
impact of development due to its location.
LCP policies permit grading of slopes in excess of 25% if they do not encompass
endangered species or sensitive habitats and if conformance with the following
findings can be made:
1. A soils investigation conducted by a licensed soils engineer has determined the
subject slope area to be stable, and grading and development impacts mitigable
for at least 7 5 years, or for the life of the structure.
2. Grading of the slope is essential to the development intent and design.
3 . Slope disturbance will not result in substantial damage or alteration to major
wildlife habitat or native vegetation areas.
4. If the area proposed to be disturbed is·predominated by steep slopes and is in
excess of 10 acres, no more than one third of the total steep slope area shall be
subject to major grade change_.
5. If the area proposed to be disturbed is predominated by steep slopes and is less
than 10 acres, complete grading may be allowed only if no inteITUption of
significant wildlife corridors occurs.
4-11
6. Because nonh-facing slopes are generally more prone to stability problems and
in many cases contain more extensive natural vegetation, no grading or removal
of vegetation from these areas will be permitted unless all environmental
impacts have been mitigated Overriding circumstances are not considered
adequate mitigation.
Development of the Viewpoint site has been designed to concentrate the units on the
flatter eastern portion to protect the steep slopes and sensitive vegetation located in
the southern and western ponions of the site. Seventy percent of all slopes in
excess of a 25 percent gradient would be preserved Because the steep slope areas
proposed for development are not part of a major coni.dor and are such small areas,
no significant environmental impacts are anticipated
With respect to the specific findings: 1) development of the Viewpoint site will
comply with all requirements of the grading ordinance regarding soil investigations;
2) slope disturbance will not result in damage to major wildlife habitats; 3) the
grading is essential to the proposed design and has been limited to flatter areas as
much as possible; 4) thirty percent of the steep slope areas will be disturbed; and
5) a ?-13-jority of those slopes are south and west facing. No significant impacts to
visual resource policy would occur.
In summary, the existing open space character of the· Viewpoint site would be
partially replaced by homes. Alteration of the site is an unavoidable effect of the
projectSthe specific landfonn alteration and visual effects are not considered
significant.
Mitiptjon Measures
The overall Viewpoint tentative map has been designed to be in conformance to
existing visual resource polices, thus minimizing any potential visual impacts. The
project would contain 90 single family residences and would incorperate
landscaping, both native and introduced, within the project and on the manufactured
slopes. The exterior slopes that are contiguous to the open space lot will f eatur.e
native to semi-natural species along the bottom of the slope, transitioning to a
mixture of ornamental species at the top of the slope. The slopes on the interior of
4-12
the development will be primarily planted with a mixture of ornamental species.
The primary visual concern is with the manufactured slopes on the perimeter of the
site. The landscape plan should include the following measures:
1. Planting of all manufactured slopes with permanent vegetation imm~ately
after construction.
2. Establish a buffer between the footprint of the individual housing sites and
the edge of the slopes.
Strict compliance with coastal policies would require preservation of steep slope
areas (greater than 25% slope, except isolated pockets of steeply sloping terrain).
This would represent 5.6 acres total (6.2 acres minus 0.6 acres of isolated
pockets). The site also contains 2.0 acres of oak woodlands in three small isolated
areas, with only 0.3 acres impacted. Instead of preserving all steep slopes and . .
woodlands, the project has been designed to preserve a larger, functional wildlife
corridor in one open space lot of 13.2 acres. Thus, the more than doubling of the
required onsite open space will provide a more functional open space system and
will mitigate the loss of specific steep slope areas onsite.
C. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES
A biological survey of the subject property was conducted by WESTEC Services in
July, 1983. This section on biological resources has been edited and extracted from
the survey report and subsequent letter reports arc contained in Appendix A of this
report. WESTEC's senior biologist, Stephen B. Lacy, visited the site in August
1988 to conduct a review of the biological resources onsite with respect to new
development plans proposed for the site. There have been no physical changes
onsite and the status of species has not changed appreciably. The 1983 database
provides the current baseline information which has been determined to be
sufficient in order to conduct biological impact analysis with respect to the proposed
development. This discussion addresses the prr ;ence or absence of significant
biological features on the site and the degree to which the proposed development
would affect those resources. Significant biological features are considered floral
or fauna! species of rare and or endangered status, depleted or declining fauna!
species, and species and habitat types of unique or limited distribution.
4-13
Existin& Conditions
V e&etation. The subject property is covered by the following two vegetative
communities: Mixed Chaparral, and Southern Oak Woodland (Thorne, 1976). In
addition, some disturbed areas are present onsite. Vegetation types are delineated in
Figure 4-3 and discussed below. A total of 69 plant species were identified from
the property. A floral species list for the property is included as Attachment B to
the technical report (Appendix A).
Mixed chaparral is found over the majority of the site. This community covers
approximately 35 acres, 87 percent of the project site. This form or subcommunity
of chaparral is made up of variety of large shrubs including chamise (Adenostoma
fasciculatum), scrub oak (Quercus dumose), mission manzanita (Xylococcus
_bicolor), spanish dagger (Yucca schidigera), summer-holly (Comarostaphylis
diversifolia ssp. diversifolia), Eastwood manzanita (Arctostaplrylos glandulosa ssp.
glandulosa), lemonadeberry (Rhus integrifolia), toyon (Heteromeles arbutifolia),
and black sage (Salvia mellifera). This vegetative cover is dense and fairly
impenetrable. Scrub oak is especially dense offsite along the eastern property
boundary and lemonadeberry is common and is the dominant shrub along the
central portion of the ridgetop.
Southern oak woodland is found in the bottoms of the larger drainages in the
western portion of the site and covers approximately 2 acres, or 5 percent, of the
site. This vegetative cover is characterized by coast live oaks (Quercus agrifolia).
Over 60 medium to fairly large coast live oaks were counted in the canyons onsite.
These trees have a well-developed understory of poison oak and crowding
chaparral species. Giant wild rye (Elymus condensatUS) and wood fern (Dryopteris
arguta) are common within portions of the understory also. The most
northwesterly drainage contains evidence of prior disturbance with a few
ornamental trees (Acacia baileyana and Eucalyptus spp.) present and a drainage
bottom consisting primarily of grasses. This prior disturbance is not recent and
does not appreciably detract from the natural character of the surrounding
woodland
4-14
An open zone in the chaparral is present generally along the top of the ridgeline
adjacent to the area where lemonadeberry is dense. This open zone corresponds
loosely with a large recorded archaeological site on the ridge and may owe its
existence to that fact. The open area is dominated by California sagebrush
(Anemisia californica) and tarweed (Hemizoniafasciculara).
Some disturbed areas (approximately 4 acres) are scattered throughout the site
associated with off-road vehicle activity and existing dirt roads. An assonment of
common weedy introduced species make up the vegetation in these disturbed zones.
Wildlife. Wildlife is expected to be representative of the coastal plain of San Diego
County. Habitats lacking onsite include mature ·riparian woodland, coastal salt
marsh, and rocky slopes and drainages. Species normally associated with these
habitats would not be expected to make regular use of the site. Species associated
with coastal chaparral, and oak woodland habitats are expected on the property
either as residents or migrants. Species actually observed or expected common and
sensitive species are discussed.
fillla. Birds which reside in or are attracted to chaparral and woodland habitats
would be expected onsite. Raptors would not be expected to be attracted to the site
for-hunting due to the dense vegetation. However, the general vicinity is attractive
to raptors because of its open character. No raptor nests were observed onsite.
Chaparral species commonly observed in the local area (WESTEC Services 1981;
1983) include Brown Thrasher, Brown Towhee, Greater Roadrunner, California
Quail, Costa's and Anna's Hummingbirds, Scrub Jay, Bushtit, Wrentit, Bewick's
Wren and Rufous-sided Towhee. The woodland habitats will attract most of the
above species plus Common Flicker, Hooded Oriole, Northern Oriole, Nuttall's
Woodpecker, House Wren, Black-headed Grosbeak, Cooper's Hawk,
Great-Horned Owl, and a variety of warblers. Mo~ urban-adapted birds such as
the House Finch, Mockingbird, and White-crowned Sparrow would be expected
throughout the site.
RCJ>tiles and Amphibians. No reptile or amphibian species were observed onsite
during the survey period. However, a number of common reptiles and amphibians
are expected to occur onsite and arc listed the survey report (Appendix A).
4-16
Mammals. Mammals observed by direct observation or indirect evidence (scat,
tracks9 burrows) include coyote (Canis latrans), desert cottontail (Sylvilagus
audubonii), and dusky-footed woodrat (Neotomafuscipes). Expected mammals
include striped skunk. western spotted skunk, Virginia opossum, gray fox, and a
variety of field rodents.
High Interest Species/Habitats. The legal status and listing of sensitive species
onsite has not substantially changed since the 1983 biological survey. State and
federal listings were reviewed to confirm the current listing of these sensitive
species (CDFG 1985, USFWS 1985a/b, CNPS 1988). The more recent listing
will be referenced if the status of a species has changed.
Plants. No plant species listed as endangered or threatened by the U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service (USFWS 1985a) or rare or endangered by the California
Department of Fish and Game (CDFG 1985) were observed on the subject
property.
Four sensitive plant species were observed on the property. These species are not
formally listed but are identified by the California Native Plant Society (CNPS
1988) as rare or sensitive species whose status should be monitored. The CNPS
list is sanctioned by CDFG and essentially serves as its list of "candidate" species
for threatened or endangered status. The four sensitive species are discussed
below.
Summer holly (Comaro staphylis diversifolia ssp. diversifolia) is considered rare in
California and elsewhere. It is considered the most sensitive plant species onsite.
This large shrub ranges from the Santa Monica Mountains to northern Baja
California. It is usually found scattered in dense mixed chaparral and is especially
well-developed in the drainages in the western aspect of the site (Figure 4-3).
Wart-stemmed ceanothus (Ceanethus verrucosusis) considered rare in California
but more common elsewhere. This species is a large shrub which ranges from the
Lake Hodges area of San Diego County southward along the coastal plain into
adjacent Baja California. This species forms almost pure stands in Hannony Grove
area about 7 miles to the east, but onsite only a single plant was~ observed
(Figure 4-3).
4-17
Western dichondra (Dichondra occidentalis) is a sensitive species of limited
• distribution which is not considered rare from a statewide perspective. This
herbaceous perennial grows underneath shrubs and often proliterates on recently
burned slopes. In San Diego County, it occurs north to Agua Hedionda and La
Costa and south to the border. This species was observed at one location onsite
(Figure 4-6). Ashy spike-moss or mesa clubmoss (Selaginella cinerascens) is also
a sensitive species of limited distribution which is not considered rare from a
statewide perspective. This prostrate, moss-like species is found on arid
south-facing slopes and on open mesa tops from western San Diego County and
northern Baja California. Onsite this species is found in the open areas of the
chaparral particularly on the east flank of the property.
Two additional species shown on Figure 4-6 are not listed by CNPS as sensitive or·
rare. These species, Cleveland or fragrant sage (Salvia clevelandii) and woolly
blue-curls (Trichosrema /ana,tum}, are however, quite uncommon along the coast.
The La Costa and Encinitas areas are particularly rich in numbers of sensitive plant
species. Additional sensitive plants know from the general area but not observed
are listed in Table 2 of the survey report (Appendix A). Many of these are restricted
to heavy clay soils which are not present onsite.
Re,ptiles and Amphibians: No federal-or state-listed reptiles or amphibians were
observed or are expected onsite (USFWS 1985a; CDFG 1980). The San Diego
Herpetological Society (SDHS 1980) recently compiled a listing of sensitive reptile
species in San Diego County. Four species from their listing are likely inhabitants
of the study area.
The San Diego Homed Lizard (P hrynosoma coronatum blainvil/el) is a candidate
for federal listing (Category 2), protected by the CDFG (CDFG 1980), and
considered endangered by the San Diego Herpetological Society (SDHS 1980).
-: his species could be expected in the more open zones of chaparral. It has been
observed north of Batigutos Lagoon by Pacific Southwest Biological Services
(PSBS 1982). The orange-throated whiptail (Cnemidophorus hyperythrus
beldingi) is a candidate for federal listing (Category 2), protected by CDFG (CDFG
1980), and considered threatened by SDHS (SDHS 1980). This species has been
4-18
observed nonh of Batiguitos Lagoon at the edge of euc_alyptus groves as well as in
scrub -vegetative (SDHS 1980). The other two reptile species are considered less
sensitive and arc discussed in the survey report (Appendix A).
Mammals: No federal-or state-listed mammals were observed or are expected form
the study area (USFSW 1979; CDFG, 1980). One species of recent concern which
may be expected to use the property is the bobcat (F elis rujus ). This species is
discussed in the survey report (Appendix A).
Wna: Four federal-and/or state-listed bird species are known from the nearby
Batiquitos Lagoon but none of these are expected to utilized the subject property or
the immediately adjacent land (USFWS 1979; CDFG 1980). In addition, 33 other
bird species which have been recorded for the general area are considered sensitive
(PSBS 1982). Three of these sensitive species considered pertinent to the study
property are discussed in the survey report (Appendix A).
Insects: None of the 10 insect species which are federally listed as threatened or
endangered and occur in the State of California arc expected to occur on or near the
study site (CDFG, 1980).
Habitats: Sensitive habitats are those which are considered rare within the region,
are listed by the Conservation Element of the General Plan for the County of San
Diego (County of San Diego 1980), or support sensitive plants or animals.
Southern oak woodland is considered a sensitive habitat in San Diego County
because of its limited extent and high wildlife value.
The County's "Guidelines for Biological Surveys" recognizes additional habitats as
being biologically sensitive. Habitats onsite which are listed in these guidelines
include oak woodland, coastal marine sandstone-derived soil types, and coastal
mixed chapaml. These are discussed in Appendix A.
Sensitive Slm,c Areas: The Mello II Local Coastal Program (LCP) policies focus
on drainage and erosion control in areas containing steep slopes (slopes 25%
inclination or greater). These policies are discussed in more detail within the Land
Use and Visual Quality sections of this report. Presently, the site contains 6.2 acres
4.19
of slopes at 25 percent or greater. These slopes contain mixed chaparral, oak
woodland, and disturbed areas.
Jmpacts
Plants. The proposed residential development would encompass approximately
27 acres of the 40 acres within the project site. The four sensitive plant species
identified onsite would be impacted to varying degrees by the proposed
development.
One wart-stemmed ceanothus (Ceanothus verrucosus), western dichondra
(Dichondra occidentalis), and ashy spike-moss (Selaginella cinerascens) would be
affected by proposed development in the central and eastern portions of the site. All
the specimens of these species would be potentially impacted. The proposed.
development represents an incremental but insignificant impact to the regional
populations of these sensitive species.
Summer holly (Comarostaphylis diversifolia ssp. diversifolia) is considered the
most sensitive species identified. onsite. Only a few specimens would be impacted
in the central and south-central portions of the site by the proposed development.
The majority of specimens of this species would be retained in open-space
designated by project design. The impact to this species is not considered to be
significant.
Animals. In general, wildlife would remain in the onsite open space albeit in
reduced numbers and the structure of the wildlife community would be expected to
change over time (both on the project site and in the local area) as larger predators
are excluded and urban influences take effect.
Reptiles and Amphibians: The proposed development would incrementally reduce
potential habitat for sensitive species that may utilize the site. However, chaparral
and drainage are" 3 would be retained in the designated open space onsite and these
areas could serve as functional habitat for sensitive reptiles in the project vicinity.
There are no significant adverse impacts.to reptiles or amphibians anticipated as a
result of the proposed development plans.
4-20
Mammals: The proposed development would have an incremental effect on the
bobcat (Felis rujus) population which may be expected to use the property.
Reduction of habitat and human pressures associated with development reduce the
likelihood of bobcats utilizing the site. This potential impact is not considered to be
significant.
!lim§.: The proposed development would have an incremental effect on sensitive
bird species that may utili:ze the mixed chapamu onsite. This is not considered to be
a significant impact. Sensitive species that may utilize the oak woodland onsite
would not be adversely impacted by the proposed development as this habitat
would be retained in open space.
Habitats. Table 4-2 depicts the acreages of habitats potentially impacted by the
proposed development. The most sensitive habitat onsite, oak woodland, is
considered a declining habitat of primarily high wildlife value. The majority of this
habitat is designated to be retained in open-space and would not be impacted by the
proposed development. However, a small area of oak woodland (approximately
0.3 acres) has already been impacted in the southwestern portion of the site for the
construction of Alga Road. This is not considered a significant impact to oak
woodland habitat.
Approximately 25 acres of mixed chapamtl would be impacted by the proposed
development. Proposed development would incrementally reduce chaparral wildlife
habitat in the Carlsbad area. Approximately 10 acres of mixed chaparral would
remain onsite in the designated open space lot.
The development of the majority of the site would cause a localized reduction of
natural open space in the Carlsbad area. This loss is incremental in combination
with other development in the general area such as the Pacific Rim development
project to the west.
4-21
•
Table 4-2
ACREAGES ·oF VEGETATIVE COMMUNITIES
ON THE VIEWPOINT PROPERTY
Vegetation Development Open
Community Area ~
Mixed Chaparral 24.8 9.7
Southern Oak Woodland 0.5 1.5
Disturbed Areas u u
Total 26.5 14.0
34.5
2.0
~
40.5
Sensitive Slo.pe Areas: The project site .contains 6.2 acres of land with of slopes 25
percent or greater and native habitat (Figure 4-4). Of this 6.2 acres, the proposed
development would impact 1.9 acres. Within the 1.9 acres, 0.4 acres are already
disturbed native habitat, leaving approximately 1.5 acres of sensitive steep slopes
that will be lost. Approximately 0.6 acres of these 1.5 acres are contained within
seven small isolated pockets within the generally level north-central portion of the
site. These areas are relatively isolated from larger steep slope areas and proposed
open space on the project property. Due to their small and disjunctive nature,
potential impacts to these 0.6 acres are not considered significant. The remaining
0.9 acres (1.5 acres minus 0.6 acres) of sensitive steep slope areas would be
eliminated in the western portions of the site by the proposed development. These
are the areas of principle concern addressed by LCP policies. The loss of these 0.9
acres of sensitive steep slope areas is unavoidable without precluding reasonable
use of the site. This loss is offset by the retention of a much larger, 13.2 acre open
space system onsite. Overall, the project would not have an adverse impact to
onsite biological resources.
The sensitive resources identified to be protected onsite include oak woodland and
the sensitive plant species, summer holly. These resources will be retained in open
space along the western aspect ..;f the property, except for small areas of oak
woodland that have already been lost in the grading of Alga Road for the Pacific
Rim project. Therefore, these sensitive resources are protected within project
design.
4-22
The open space is loosely connected to other open space systems in the general area
by the S.D.G. & E. transmission line easement. The open space onsite sets the
precedent to be continued offsite. The drainage in the nonhwestem comer and two
drainages or oak filled draws in the southwestern portion of the site would also be
retained within open space as designated by project design. Manufactured slopes
should provide the majority of area necessary for any required fuel breaks.
Therefore, removal of additional native vegetation for providing fuel breaks should
be minimal. The development of the site as proposed would, therefore, not have
adverse biological· affects on neighboring properties given the combination of
existing, approved and proposed land uses.
Mitigation
The proposed subdivision would have no significant adverse effects on biological
resources, and no mitigations are required. Instead of preserving all sensitive steep
slopes and woodlands, the project has been designed to preserve a larger functional
open space corridor in one open space lot of 13.2 acres. This includes 4.3 acres of
sensitive, steep slope areas.
D. CULTURAL RESOURCES
Existini Conditions
The project site was surveyed for the Regional Historic Preservation Study (1978)
and for the SDG&E Transmission Line corridor (McCoy and Phillips 1980). Site
recordation information can also be found in forms completed by Rogers (n.d.),
Kaldenberg (1976), Thesken (1978), Franklin (1980), and Gallegos (1983).
Site W-108 was resurveyed and mapped for surface artifacts by McCoy and
• Kirkish (1982); and tested for site imponance by Carrico and Gallegos (1983). The
technical repon is contained within Appendix B of this document. One additional
site was found within the subject property (SDi-6149), and one site (SDi-8195)
adjacent to the subject property. Both of these site were tested for site significance
and found to be non-important cultural resources. Site SDi-6149 was tested by
McCoy and Kirkish (1982), and SDi-8195 was tested by Carrico and Thesken
(1983).
4-24
Site SDi-4358 (W-108) was found to be undisturbed containing a rich subsurface
deposit to SO cm with large amounts of shell, bone, and artifacts (flakes, angular
waste, manos and pottery fragments). The presence of both pottery and two
radiocarbon dates circa SSOO years B.P. identifies prehistoric occupation from circa
5500 to 500 years ago. Given the good condition of this site, the presence of both
artifactual and ecofactual remains, the temporal range for this site, and the potential
for this site to address important research questions, Site SDi-4358 (W-108) is
identified as an important cultural resource under CEQA.
Impacts
Under CEQA, only important cultural resources need to be addressed as to impacts
and mitigation of impacts. Prehistoric site SDi-4358 (W-108) is identified as an
important cultural resource which will be directly impacted by the proposed
Viewpoint project. Indirect impacts may occur to the portion of SDi-4358 (W-108)
located to the north of the subject property.
Mitiption
Site SDi-4358 (W-108) can be mitigated through a data recovery program. Using
the City of Carlsbad's Local Coastal Program, adopted May 1982 for Agua
Hedionda as a template, the data recovery program should include: 1) systematic
postholing to detennine vertical and horizontal extent of the site; 2) a 2 to 5 percent
excavation employing a research design to address important research questions;
3) radiocarbon dating; and 4) a technical report of findings. A Data Recovery
Program identifying research questions, field and lab methods, analysis and report
of findings has already been prepared by WESTEC (1988) which fully mitigates
potential impacts; no further mitigation is required.
E. NOISE
This discussi«...11 is summarized from a noise letter report prepared on the project
(WESTEC 1988) and some additional noise analyses conducted by WESTEC. The letter
report is contained in Appendix C at the end of this document.
4-.25
Existin& Conditions
The project site is currently undeveloped. Alga Road, which runs along the southern
portion of the site, currently extends as a paved road from east of the project site to
approximately 150 feet west of Mimosa Drive, where it turns into a din road (along the
southeastern portion of the Viewpoint property). Starting at this dirt portion of Alga Road,
there is a gate that only allows access to vehicles and construction equipment from the
Pacific Rim project (primarily construction-related vehicles). Therefore, the primary noise
source at the project area is from the construction-related vehicles traveling along Alga
Road. Current noise levels onsite are also influenced by daily construction activities on the
nearby Pacific Rim development to the west of the project site. Due to the intermittent
nature of the existing construction activities and the low ambient noise levels, noise
monitoring was not conducted onsite.
Community noise levels are generally presented in terms of Community Noise Equivalent
Levels (CNEL). CNEL is the average equivalent A-weighted sound level during a 24-hour
day, and is calculated by adding 5 decibels to sound levels in the evening (7 p.m. to 10
p.m.) and adding 10 decibels to sound levels at night (10 p.m. to 7 a.m.). The A-weighted
scale measures noise levels corresponding to the human hearing range.
To date, the City of Carlsbad has applied an exterior noise guideline of 65 dB(A) CNEL or
less for residential land uses (City of Carlsbad 1988). The City of Carlsbad, however, is
in the process of reviewing this requirement and may change the guideline to a maximum
exterior noise level of 60 dB(A) CNEL for residential land uses. This requirement would
be measured starting at 5 feet within the propeny line and would be applied to the highest
door or window on the dwelling (City of Carlsbad 1988). For the purposes of this
analysis, the City's guideline will be assumed to be 60 dB(A) CNEL for exterior residential
living areas.
Impacts
To determine the maximum noise levels that could be experienced onsite, noise modeling
was conducted using community buildout traffic volumes (City of Carlsbad 1988) for Alga
Road. Eventually, the din portion of Alga Road will be paved extending to the west of the
project site and future traffic volumes along the roadway would be approximately 24,400
ADT.
4-26
•
Exterior First Story. In the future, noise levels are predicted to increase to approximately
68 dB(A) CNEL five feet within the yard on Lot I (the closest lot to Alga Road) in the
southeastern ponion of the development, approximately 88 feet from the centerline of Alga
Road. This would exceed. the City's exterior noise guideline by approximately 8 dB(A)
CNEL. At Lots 44 through 47 in the south-central portion of the development, the next
closest lots to Alga Road, future noise levels would range from 60 to 67 dB(A) CNEL at
backyard· 1ocations (five feet within the lot propeny). These noise levels were identified
from 88 to 200 feet from the centerline of Alga Road. All other portions of the site would
experience noise levels below the City's (i() dB(A) CNEL exterior noise standani.
Exterior Second Story. The second story door or window opening on Lot I would
experience a future noise level of approximately 66 dB(A) CNEL, approximately 130 feet
from the centerline of Alga Road. The second-story door or window locations for the
homes on lots 44 through 4Twould experience noise levels from 59 to 66 dB(A) CNEL.
Therefore, if the predicted noise· levels· at· the. backyard and second-story locations of Lots
1, 44, 45, 46, and 47 arc not mitigated, some residents of the proposed project would be
subject to significant noise impacts.
Table 4-3 depicts the distances to various CNEL contours at the project site. These CNEL
contours do not include. the attenuating effects of intervening topography.
Roadway
Alga Road
Table 4-3
FUTURE CNEL NOISE CONTOUR DISTANCES
AT· THE PROJECT SITE*
Approximate·Distancc to CNEL
Contours from Qmterline of Road {in feet}
MII
24,000
70CNEL
70
65CNEL
185
60CNEL
435
• Assumes hard site; model calculates atmospheric attenuation.
4-27
-
Mitiption
Exterior ·First Story. To reduce projected backyard noise levels to 60 dB(A) CNEL or less
would require the following measures on Lots 44-47, and Lot 1:
1) A 4-foot wall or berm located along the top of the slope at the rear of Lot 47.
2) A 5-foot wall or berm located along the top of the slope at the rear of Lot 46.
3) A 6-foot wall or berm located along the top of the slope at the rear of Lots 44
and 45.
4) A 6.5-foot wall or berm located along the top of the slope in the side yard of
Lot 1.
Figure 4-5 shows the locations of the proposed walls.
Exterior SecondStoo:: To reduce projected noise levels "immediately above the highest
window or door opening in a dwelling unit" as required by the City's proposed ordinance
of 60 dB(A) CNEL or less would require the following mitigation for Lots 45-47, and
Lot 1.
1) A 7-foot balcony barrier would be required on Lots 1, 45, 46, and 47. No
other second-story windows or doors within the proposed development would
require noise mitigation. Figure 4-6 shows the proposed design of the balcony
barriers.
4-28
V. CUMULATIVE EFFECTS
The analysis in this document has focused on the site specific impacts resulting
from development of the Viewpoint project site. No impacts were found to be
significant; the project would, however, contribute incrementally to the overall
growth and urbanization of the City of Carlsbad. The project site has been included
within the City's facilities management plan and the density proposed is within _the
range specified in the facilities management plan.
The project would incrementally increase traffic volumes and the ambient noise
levels in the immediate surroundings and would incrementally contribute to the
decrease in air quality in the region. The traffic generated by the project can be
accommodated by roadways in the city's circulation element and is consistont with
the projected future volumes in the area. Cumulative noise levels generated by the
additional traffic have been addressed within this document. Mitigation of re~onal
air quality impacts is addressed in the Regional Air Quality Strategies (RAQS), and
this project would not adversely affect the attainment of regional air quality
standards. The project would contribute to the cumulative loss of native vegetative
communities. No rare or endangered species would be eliminated, and a 13.2 acre
open space corridor would be preserved. The increase in residential growth
resulting from the construction of 90 homes on the 40.5 acres is not considered to
be a significant cumulative impact.
5-1
VI. ALTERNATIVES
Nofmject
The "no project" alternative would retain the site in its undeveloped state. The
changes in land use, visual quality, biology, cultural resomces and noise as well as
incremental increases in traffic and air quality would not occur.
Implementation of this alternative will not necessarily eliminate future development
and associated environmental effects since the propcny is designated by the City for
residential development and is surrounded by existing and future residential
development. Given the continued growth in the City of Carlsbad, as well as in the
entire region, the demand for new residential development will continue. The
proposed project is consistent with the General Plan and would not have any
significant, adverse environmental effects. Therefore this alternative would result
only in a delay of development of the site.
B . Reduced Density Alternative
This alternative would involve a change in the density of the project and would
result in a reduction of the number of residential units. As a consequence, the
project would generate slightly less traffic, air quality emissions and noise. Effects
associated with development onsite and the conversion of vacant land to urbanized
uses would be essentially the same under this option. This alternative would
involve a redistribution of the density over the site. Adoption of this alternative
could reduce effects on biological and visual resources by reducing the
encroachment of the project into steep slopes and sensitive biological habitats. The
cUJTent project has already been designed to avoid these areas to the extent feasible,
and a project redesign would not eliminate any significant environmental effects.
SECTION VII
REFERENCES
California Department of Fish and Game, 1980. At the Crossroads, A report on
California's endangered and rare fish and wildlife, The Resources Agency.
California Department of Fish and Game, 1981. List of designated endangered or rare
plants, The Resources Agency, June.
California Department of Fish and Game, 1985. Designated endangered or rare plants.
The Resources Agency, June.
California Native Plant Society, 1988. Inventory of rare and endangered vascular pla11ts of
California, Edited by J.P. Smith, Jr. and K. Berg, Special Publication No. 1 (4th
Edition).
CALTRANS, 1984. California Vehicle Noise Emission Levels, August
Carrico, Richard and Dennis Galleos, 1983. Archaeological Testing Program and
Literature Review for Site W-108 (SDi-4358, SDi-6149 and SDi-8195) Carlsbad,
California. Report prepared for and on file with the City of Carlsbad.
Carrico, Richard L. and Jay Thesken, 1983. An Archaeological Test Program of the Mola
Property, Carlsbad, California. Unpublished manuscript on file as WESTEC
Services.
City of Carlsbad, Coastal Resource Protection Overlay Zone, Chapter 21.
. City of Carlsbad, City Wide Facilities and Improvements Plan, 1986.
City of Carlsbad, Draft Batiquitos Lagoon Management Plan, 1984
City of Carlsbad, Land Use Plan of the Mello II LCP, 1985
City of Carlsbad, Zoning Ordinance General Plan.
Darnell, D. M., 1983. Southern California Oak Woodlands: A general report on the status
of a sensitive ecosystem. Caltrans District II, Ecological Paper No. 4.
Federal Highway Administration, 1982. Noise Barrier Cost Reduction Procedures
Stamina 2.0/0ptima: Users Manual.
Federal Highway Administration, 1978. Highway Traffic Noise Prediction Mobel,
December.
Franklin, Randy, 1980. Site Form SDi-8195 (W-108). On file at San Diego State
University and Museum of Man, San Diego, California. '
Gallegos, Dennis R., 1983. Site Record Form for SDi-4358 (W-108) on file at San Diego
Sate University and the San Diego Museum of Man.
7-1
Irvine, J. L., 1982. Native oaks and urban sprawl. Pacific Horticulture (Spring 1982).
pp. 13-17.
Kaldenbcrg, Russell L., 1976b. Site Form SDi-4358 (W-954). On file at San Diego State
University and Museum of Man, San Diego, California.
Kaldenberg, Russell L., 1977. An intensive archaeological reconnaissanc~ of the LaCosta
Land Company property, Carlsbad, California. Unpublished manuscript on file
with the City of Carlsbad Planning Departtnent.
Landers, Dee, 1988. Planner, City of Carlsbad Planning Department, personal
communication, November 7.
McCoy, Lesley and Alex Kirkish, 1982. The Cultural Resources Data Recovery Pr9gram
for the 230 kV Transmission Line Rights-of-Way from San Onofre Nuclear
Generating Station to Black Star Canyon and Santiago Substation and to Encina and
Mission Valley Substations. Volume I. On file at San Diego Gas & Electric, San
Diego, California.
McCoy, Lesley and Roxana Phillips, 1980. National Register assessment program of
cultural resources of the 230 kV transmission line rights-of-way from San Onofre
Nuclear Generating Station to Black Star Canyon and Santiago Substations and to
Encina and Mission Valley Substation. Unpublished manuscript on tile, San Diego
Gas & Electric Co., San Diego, California.
Pacific Southwest Biological Services, 1982. A biological survey of Rancho La Costa
Properties (Batiguitos Lagoon), prepared for Scott Engelhom, Cardiff, California.
Rilla, E. et. al., I 979. Acom to oak. The care, protection, and planting of our living
heritage. Environmental Restoration Center (Cwcirt Rides Productions). Windsar,
California.
Rilla, E., 1983. Environmental Restoration Center, Windsor, California. Personal
Communications, 25 and 26 April 1983. In Darnell 1983.
Rogers, Malcolm J ., n.d. Site records on tile at the San Diego Museum of Man.
Rogers, P. A. , 1980. Measures that can help offset the detrimental effects that urban
development has on oak trees. In Ecology, management, and utilization of
California Oaks, Timothy Plumb, Tech. Coord. USFWS Ven. Tech. RpI.
PSW-44. pp. 167-170 .
. San Diego Herpetological Society, 1980. Survey and Status of endangered and threatened
species of reptiles natively occurring in San Diego County, prepared for Fish and
Wildlife Committee, San Diego County Department of Agriculture.
Schutte, L., 1988. Associate Planner, City of Carlsbad Planning Department, personnel
communication, October.
Thesken, Jay, 1978. Site Form SDi-6149 (W-1955). On file at San Diego State
• University and Museum of Man, San Diego, California.
7-2
Thorre, R. F., 1976. the vascular plant communities of California, In Symposium
proceedings -plant communities of southern Plant Society, Special Publications
No. 2.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service, 1979. List of threatened and endangered wildlife
and plants (republication), Department of Interior, Federal Reiister 4(12):3636-
3654, Wednesday, January 17.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service, 1985a. Endangered and threatened wildlife and
plants; review of plant taxa for listing as endangered or threatened species; notice of
review; Federal Register, 50(188):39526-39527, September 27.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service, 1985b. Endangered and threatened wildlife and
plants; review of vertebrate wildlife; notice of review; Federal Register,
50(181):37958-37967, September 18.
WESTEC Services, Inc., 1978. Regional historic preservation study: pilot area survey,
Carlsbad area, San Diego County, (Volume I: Cultural resource and assessment).
Unpublished manuscript on file with the Comprehensive Planning Organization,
San Diego.
WESTEC Services, 1983. Biological Survey of Project Site, Carlsbad.
WESTEC Services, 1988. Acoustical Letter Report for Viewpoint Tentative Tract Map,
September.
7-3
APPENDIX A
BIOLOGY AND LETTER REPORTS
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BIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF
40-ACRE PROJECT SITE, CARLSBAD
Prepared For:
Mr. Jim Hicks
Coldwell Banker
P.O. Box 919
Carlsbad, California 92008
Prepared By:
WESTEC Services, Inc.
3211 Fifth Avenue
San Diego, California 92103
August 1983
roject Biologis
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION
GEOGRAPHICAL LIMITS OF THE STUDY AREA
LAND USE
TOPOGRAPHY AND SOILS
SURVEY METHODS
VEGETATION
WILDLIFE
Birds
Reptiles and Amphibians
Mammals
HIGH INTEREST SPECIBS/HABIT ATS
Plants
Animals
Mammals
Birds
Insects
Habitats
DISCUSSION AND IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS
REFERENCES
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TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) ,-. ' ' ~ LIST OF FIGURES. l -
,-. ~ Page I ! j . l Regional Locale of Project Site 2
r 2 Topographic Map of the Project Site 3
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3 Vegetative Cover Map 5 ...
j 4 Plant Species of Interest 9 I.
5 Recommended Minimum Open Space Easements 17 r·~
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LIST OF TABLES
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1 California Native Plant Society Rarity-Endangerment-
Vigor-Distribution Code 8
( • 2 High Interest Species Which May be Expected But Were
' Not Observed 11
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BIOLOGICAL SURVEY OF HICK'S PROPERTY, CARLSBAD
INTRODUCTION
A biological survey of a 40-acre pfoject area in La Costa, Carlsbad, was made to
determine the flora, fauna and habitat types found on the subject property. The
following report describes the general distribution.. and component plants of the
vegetative associations and discusses wildlife habitat resources and their utilization.
Particular attention during the survey was given to determining the presence or absence
of significant biological features on or adjacent to the property. Significant biological
features are herein considered floral or fauna! species of rare and/or endangered status,
depleted or declining fauna! species, and species and habitat types of unique or limited
distribution.
GEOGRAPHICAL LIMITS OF THE STUDY AREA
The project area totals 40 acres and is located in the community of La Costa in
the City of Carlsbad. It is bounded in part by Alga Road on the south, agricultural
fields on the west and by predominantly natural open space on the north and east
(Figures 1 and 2).
LAND USE
The property is undeveloped and with minor exceptions remains as natural open
space. The exceptions are a few dirt roads across the property and an· high voltage San
Diego Gas &: Electric Company powerline easement which traverses the southwestern
quarter of the site. Two tower pad locations are present onsite for the powerline along
with an accompanying access road.
The site is bordered in part on the south by a single-family subdivision and a few
scattered rural homesite,c ve present to the north of the property. Agricultural fields
are situated adjacent to the southwestern boundary of the site. Watermelons are· cur-
rently the planted crop.
TOPOGRAPHY AND SOILS
The site essentially straddles a north-south tending ridge. The ridge, especially on
its western flank, is rugged and cut by numerous gullies. The eastern flank is relatively
steep but is less eroded. The entire property drains southward to the head of Batiquitos
Lagoon.
Three soil types are present onsite (U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1973). The
eastern flank of the property is covered by Huerhuero Series soils (HrD2) while the
ridgetop and western flank are covered by Loamy Alluvial Land soils (LvF3). This latter
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soil occurs on old coastal ridges and is characterized by steep str?ngly eroded slopes.
The third soil type, Corralitos S~ries soils ( CsC), occurs in the bottom of a couple of the
drainages along the western property boundary and represents alluvial material derived
from marine sandstone.
SURVEY METHODS
The property was surveyed by Stephen B. Lacy, WESTEC senior biologist on
July 28, 1983. The weather was clear and warm during the survey period. Vegetative
habitats were mapped and plant species lists compiled for the area.. General wildlife
observations were made and wildlife habitat evaluated. The entire project area was
walked or visually survey_ed from a short distance. A survey route map is included as
Attachment A. No small mammal trapping was conducted onsite and no. vegetative
transect sampling was conducted for the reconnaissance level study.
VEGETATION
The subject property is covered by the following two vegetative communities::
Mixed Chaparral, and Southern Oak Woodland (Thorne, 1976). In addition, some dis-
turbed areas are present onsite. Vegetation types are delineated on Figure 3 and dis-
cussed below. A total of 69 plant species were identified from the property. A floral
species list for the property is included as Attachment· B to the report.. The listing does-
not include a number of suspected forbs and herbaceous perennial species which were
not observed due to the mid-summer sampling period. Scientific nomenclature for·
plants throughout the report follows· Munz (1974); common names for the most part
follow Higgins {1949}.
Mixed Chaparral is found over the majority of the site. This form or subcom-
munity of chaparral is made up of a variety of large shrubs including chamise {Adenos-
12!!!! fasciculatum), scrub oak {Quercus dumosa), mission manzanita (Xylococcus
bicolor), spanish dagger (Yucca schidigera), summer-holly {Comarostaphylis diversifo-
!!! ssp. diversifolia), Eastwood manzanita (Arctostaphylos glandulosa ssp. glandulosa),
lemonadeberry (Rhus integrifolia), toyon (Heteromeles arbutifolia),. and black sage (Sal-
!!! mellifera). This vegetative cover is dense and fairly impenetrable. Scrub oak is
especially dense offsite along the eastern property boundary and lemonadeberry is com-
mon and is the dominant shrub along the central portion of the ridgetop.
Southern oak woodland is found in the bottoms of the larger drainages in the
western i;>ortion of the site. This vegetative cover is characterized by coast live oaks
(Quercus agrifolia). Over 60 medium to fairly large coast live oaks were counted in the
canyons onsite. These trees have a well-developed understory of poison oak and
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and Rufous-sided Towhee. The woodland habitats will attract most of the above species
plus Common Flicker, Hooded Oriole, Northern Oriole, Nuttall's Woodpecker, House
Wren, Black-headed Grosbeak, Cooper's Hawk, Great-Horned Owl, and a variety of
warblers. More urban adapted birds such as the House Finch, Mockingbird, and White-
crowned Sparrow would be expected throughout the site.
Reptiles and Amphibians: Amphibians expected to be observed onsite include
southern slender salamander (Batrachoseps attenuatus leucopus), California toad (Bufo
boreas halophilus), and Pacific treefrog (Hyla regilla). Common reptiles expected
onsite inlcude San Diego gopher snake (Pituophis melanoleucus annectens), ringneck
_snake (Diadophis punctatus), common kingsnake (Lampropeltis getulus californiae), red
diamond rattlesnake and Southern Pacific rattlesnake {Crotalus !!!2!! !!:!!:?!! and
Crotalus viridis helleri), California ~ide-botched lizard (Uta stansburiana hesperis), and
Great Basin fence lizard (Sceloperous occidentalis biseriatus). San Diego alligator liz-
ard (Gerrhonotus multicarinatus webbii) would be expected in the wooded elements
onsite.
Mammals: Mammals observed by direct observation or indirect evidence (scat,
tracks, burrows) include coyote (Canis latrans), desert cottontail (Sylvilagus audubonii),
and dusky-footed woodrat (Neotoma fuscipes). Expected mammals include striped
skunk, western spotted skunk, Virginia opossum, gray fox, and a variety of field rodents.
HIGH INTEREST SPECIES/HABIT A TS
Plants
No plant species listed as endangered or threatened by the U.S. Fish and Wildlife
Service (USFWS, 1980) or rare or endangered by the California Department of Fish and
Game (CDFG, 1981) were observed on the subject property.
Four plant taxa of interest were obsered on the property. These species are not
formally listed but are identified by the California Native Plant Society (CNPS, 1980;
1981) as rare species whose status should be monitored. These taxa are reviewed below:
Ceanothus verrucosus
Coast White Lilac
CNPS rating: 1-2-1-1; rare in California, common
elsewhere (Baja California) (see Table 1 for explana-
tion of CNPS code).
This species is a large shrub which ranges from the
Lake Hodges area of San Diego County southward
along the coastal plain into adjacent Baja Calif or-
nia. This species forms almost pure stands in Har-
mony Grove area about 7 miles to the east, but
onsite only a single p~t was observed (Figure 4).
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Table 1
CALIFORNIA NATIVE PLANT SOCIETY
RARITY-ENDANGERMENT-VIGOR-DISTRIBUTION CODE
Rarity (R)
1. Rare, but found in sufficient numbers and distributed widely enough
that potential for extinction or extirpation is low at at this time.
2. Occurrence confined to several populations or one extended popula-
tion.
3. Occurrence limited to one or a few highly restricted populations, or
present in such small numbers that it is seldom reported.
Endangerment (E)
1.
2.
3.
Vigor {V)
1.
2.
3.
Not endangered.
Endangered in a portion of its range.
Endangered ·throughout its range.
Increasing or stable in number.
Declining in number.
Approaching extinction or extirpation.
General Distribution (D)
1. More or less widespread outside California.
2. Rare outside California.
3. Endemic to California.
1source: CNPS (1980)
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Table 2
HIGH INTEREST SPECIES WHICH MAY BE EXPECTED BUT WERE NOT OBSERVED
Species
Acanthomintha ilicifolia
Ambrosia pumila
San Diego Ragweed
Arte m isia palmeri
Palmer Sagebrush
Baccharis vanessae
Encinitas Baccharis
Brodiaea filifolia
Thread-Leaved Brodiaea
Brodiaea orcuttii
Orcutt's Broadiaea
Calandrinia maritima
Seaside CaJandria
Habitat Requirements/Notes
Clay soils. Reported from nearby La Costa
San Diego Thornmint area.
Dry exposed areas, grassland usually on a
floodplain; herbaceous species with a June-
September flowering season.
. Lowland drainages, north-facing slopes, nor-
mally found further south.
Mixed chaparral, recently described species.
First found at southern end of Green Valley.
Heavy clay soils. Perennial herb, blooms
May-June.
Moist areas, about seeps. Perennial herb,
blooms April-July
Sandy places and sea bhlffs. Annual, blooms
in March-May. Has been observed on Ecke
property just south of Batiquitos Lagoon.
Status
Federal: Under status review;·
CNPS: Rare and Endangered, •
code 3-3-2-2.
Federal: Under status review;
CNPS: Rare and Endangered,
code 2-3-2-2.
• CNPS: Rare in California,
common elsewhere, code
1-1-1-1.
• Federal: Under status 1review;
CNPS: Rare and Endangered,
code 3-3-3-3
Federal: Under status review;
CNPS: Rare and Endangered,
code 3-3-3-3
Federal: Under status review
status review; CNPS: Rare and
Endangered code 1-2-2-2
CNPS: Rare in California com-
mon elsewhere code 1-2-1-1.
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Table 2
HIGH INTEREST SPECIES WHICH MAY BE EXPECTED BUT WERE NOT OBSERVED (Continued)
Species
Chorizanthe orcuttiana
Orcutt's Chorizanthe
Corethrogyne filaginifolia
ssp. linifolia
Del Mar Mesa Sand Aster
Hazardia orcutti
Orcut t's Hazardia
Iva hayesiana
San Diego Marsh-Elder
Muilla clevelandii
San Diego Golden Star
Habitat Requirements/Notes
Sandy places; coastal sage scrub; March-April
flowering season. Reported from Oakcrest
County Park along Encinitas Boulevard a few
miles to the south.
Coastal bluffs and brus~y slopes
Recorded only few years ago in Lux Canyon a
few rpiles to the south on Altamont Clay soil.
Only recorded location in United States .
Drainage bottoms. Known from nearby San
Marcos and Encinitas Creeks.
Dry hillsides and mesas, heavy soils. Peren-
nial herb, blooms in May.
Status
Federal: Under status review;
CDFG: Endangered; CNPS:
Rare and Endangered, code
3-3-3-3.
Federal: Under status review;
CNPS: Rare and Endangered,
code 2-1-1-3.
CN PS: Rare and Endangered,
code 3-3-3-1.
CNPS: Rare in California,
common elsewhere, code
1-1-1-1.
Federal: Under status review;
CNPS: Rare and Endangered,
code 2-2-2-2.
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Animals
Reptiles and Amphibians: No federal-or state-listed herptiles were observed or
are expected onaite.(USFWS, 1979; CDFG, 1980). The San Diego Herpetological Society
(SDHS, 1980) recently compiled a listing of sensitive reptile species in San Diego
County. Four species from their listing are likely inhabitants of the study area. These
area discussed below:
Phrynosoma coronatum blainvillei
Coast Homed Lizard
SDHS rating: endangered
This species could be expected in the more open
zones of the chaparral. It was recently observed
just north of the lagoon (PSBS, 1982).
Cnemidophorus hyperythrus beldingi
Orange-throated Whiptail
SDHS rating: threatened
This species occupies open zones of low scrub and
chaparral and is often observed in intermittent rock
drainages. This species was recently observed north
of the lagoon at the edge of eucalyptus groves as
well as in scrub vegetation (PSBS, 1982).
Thamnophis couchi hammondi
Two-striped Garter Snake
SDHS rating: threatened
This species is associated with mesic conditions such
as ponds, creeks and vernal pools. It was not
observed nor expected onsi te.
Anniella pulchra pulchra
Silvery Legless Lizard
SDHS rating: threatened
This seldom observed bu~rowing species is usually
associated with loose sandy soils. It was not
observed but may be present in the drainage bot-
toms where alluvial material is present.
Mammals: No federal-or state-listed mammals were observed or are expected
from tl1e study area (USFWS, 1979; CDFG, 1980). One species of recent concern which
may be expected to use the property is the bobcat (Felis rufus). The bobcat is of
interest due to recent increased trapping pressures on the species because of escalation
in value of fur. The species has been observed in the local area by residents. A recent
study of the species near Lakeside in San Diego County estimated the density of the
species at 3.27 to 3.94 bobcats per mile (Lembeck, 1978). It is not expected to reach
such densities in the general area due to habitat disturbance and human pressures.
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fil!:9!: Four federal-and/or state-listed bird species are known from the nearby
Batiguitos Laroon but none of these are expected to utilize the subject property or the
immediately adjacent land (USFWS, 1979; CDFG, 1980). In addition, 33 other bird spe-
cies which have been recorded for the general ~ea are considered sensitive (PSBS,
1982). These are fairly evenly divided between the" lagoon, riparian and upland habitats. ..
Some of. those listed by PSBS (1982) are showing national declines but they are not
regionally declining (Tate and Tate, 1982). Others are listed because of their decline as
breeding species in the County, but they are not expected to breed in the study area..
Those species considered pertintent to the study property are discussed below:
Po~tila melanura calif ornica
Ca 4arnia Black-tailed Gnatcatcher .
This resident of coastal scrublands is suspected to
be declining due to loss of habitat and cowbird para-
sitism. It is considered declining in San Diego
County (Everett, 1979) and is listed as a "species
with special concerns" by Tate and Tate (1982). The
range of this species extends into Baja California
but the California subspecies is in jeopardy due to
increased human pressures. This species is consid-
ered declining in the state but populations are still
sufficiently substantial that danger is not immediate
(Remsen, 1979). Black-tailed Gnatcatchers require
coastal sage scrub habitat for nesting and have been
recorded just to the south along the north side of
the lagoon in low scrub habitat (Atwood, 1980;
1981). The species may utilize the subject property
but it is not expected to breed there.
Elanus leucurus
White-tailed Kite
This species is fully protected by the California
Department or :ish and Game (CDFG, 1982). It suf-
fered serious population declines earlier in the cen-
tury, but it has recovered well and is now commonly
seen in the North County area. This species was not
observed but it is expected to roost in the large oaks
or scattered eucalyptus along the western property
boundary. It was recently recorded nesting in one. of
the eucalyptus groves offsite to the w_est (PSBS,
1982).
Accipiter cooperii
Cooper's Ha wk
This species breeds in riparian oak woodland and
utilizes oak woodlands and adjoining open habitats.
This species has been recently observed in the study
area (PSBS, 1982). The species is considered
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declining locally and state-wide due to reduction of
riparian areas (Everett, 1979; Remsen, 1979).
Riparian habitat along Green Valley south of the
lagoon is potential breeding habitat for this species.
This species may utilize the oak woodland onsite
also and could potentially nest there.
· Insects: None of the 10 insect species which are federally listed as threatened or
endangered and occur in the State of California are expected to occur on or near the
study site ( CDFG, 1980).
Habitats: In its "Guidelines for Biological Surveys," the County of San Diego
recognizes certain habitats as being biologically sensitive. A number of the habitats
present onsite are included in this listing: oak woodland; coastal marine sandstone-
derived soils types; and coastal mixed chaparral between Carlsbad and La ~olla (PSBS,
1982).
Oak -woodland is considered a declining habitat of primarily high wildlife value.
This habitat is usually heavily impacted along the coastal plain. Coastal mixed chapar-
ral is a plant association distinguished by a-unique set of plant species, many of which
are considered sensitive.-This association is found from the Torrey Pines State Reserve
northward to about the subject property on the old coastal sandstone terraces. The
LvF3 soil type is a fairly reliable indication of this vegetative cover. This plant asso-
ciation is under tremendous developmental pressure.
The entire subject property is included in a County-designated Resource Conser-
vation Area (RCA). Such areas are designated to inform project planners of inclusive
sensitive biological, archaeological or geological resources which deserve attention.
The subject property is within the Palomar Airport Hills RCA. This RCA contains
coastal mixed chaparral vegetation and an assortment of rare and endangered plants.
The RCA generally includes the remaining uplands which have not been transformed to
agriculture between Palomar Airport Road and Batiquitos Lagoon.
DISCUSSION AND IMPACT CONSIDERATIONS
No development plan for the property was available at the time of this report
preparation. The subject property is within the County of San Diego but will likely be
anne-xed into the City of Carlsbad in the near future. One could expect the area to be
proposed for low-to medium-density single-family residential uses similar to those
which exist adjacent to the south. When this happens, the following biological effects
could be expected to occur.
15
It is likely that a large percentage of the property would be graded and developed.
The general loss of natural open space and wildlife habitat would be considered an
adverse effect though not necessarily significant. • Biological interest would focus on
the oak woodland habitat and the sensitive plant species. Oak woodland is a regionally
declining fiabitat which is especially subject to alteration and impact along the coastal
areas of the County. This habitat is relatively rare in the City of Carlsbad and its loss
from the property would be considered significant. This habitat onsite is relatively
undisturbed, is large enough to attract and support woodland oriented wildlife, and
contains the highest concentration of Comarostaphylis diversif olia ssp. diversifolia
onsite.
The loss of a single location of Dichondra occidentalis, a single plant of Ceanothus
verrucosus, a small extent of Selaginella cinerascens, three plants of Trichostema !!!l!:
!!:!!!!,, and four plants of Salvia clevelandii constitute adverse biological effects but none
of these losses constitute a significant effect. These elements are scattered over the
site. If these species occurred together, then that area would· have merit for
preservation; however this is not the case onsite.
A total of 136 plants of Comarostaphylis (summer-holly) were counted onsite.
Due to the density of the chaparral about the woodland and the imposing understory of
poison oak this count is expected to be low. An estimated 88 percent of the summer-
holly observed was present in the three drainages in the western aspect of the site. The •
number of these plants observed is considered quite high. The complete loss of this
species is considered a significant adverse effect.
It is recommended that the most sensitive resources onsite which includes the oak
woodland and the larger concentrations of summer-holly be preserved in natural open
space easements .. The open space will mitigate the loss of sensitive plants and general
wildlife habitat elsewhere onsite. A diagrammatic open space scheme is shown as
Figure 5. The open space can be an aesthetic resource and can be used to break up any
development. The three drainages are joined by the SDG&E high voltage line easement
which, if allowed to remain relatively natural, could provide a movement corridor for
wildlife. Any open space design should take into account the need for fire protection
and buffering of the woodland. A buffer of dense chaparral should surround the wood-
lands to reduce human pressures on the habitat. This buffering zone_ should be a mini-
mum of 50 feet wide· and ~~o~d be wider if.posslble~ Thus the open space illustrated on d(/
Figure 5 should be considered a &inimum open spa~e desi~ but the design should be fJ.
considered flexible and should relate both to the proposed development design and
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adjacent offsite open space considerations and develop~ent plans. Due to the presence
of the SDG&E easement traversing the south,,est portion of the site and the proposed ~
open space easements in this area, it may be appropriate to consider leaving the prop-~
erty west of the powerllne natural along with the northwestern corner natural. The
developer could possibly be compensate<t·'through increased density allowances else-
where onsite.
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REFERENCES CITED
American Ornithologi_sts Union, 1982, Checklist of North American birds, revised by
34th supplement, Supplement to Auk 99:lcc-16cc.
Atwood, J., 1980, The United States distribution of the California Black-tailed
Gnatcatcher, Western Birds 11:65-78.
Atwood, J., 1981, California Black-tailed Gnatcatcher survey, 1980, California Depart-
ment of Fish and Game, Job IV-37.1.
California Department of Fish and Game, 1982, Fishing and Hunting Regulations, The
Resources Agency, State of California.
California Department of Fish and Game, 1980, At the Crossroads, A report on Califor-
nia's endangered and rare fish and wildlife, The Resources Agency.
California Department of Fish and .Game, 1981, List of designated endangered or rare
plants, The Resources Agency, June 16.
California Native Plant Society, 1981, Inventory of rare, and endangered vascular plants
of California: First Supplement, Edited by J.P. Smith, Jr. Special Publication
No. 1 (2nd edition).
California Native Plant Society, 1980, Inventory of rare and endangered vascular plants
of California, Edited by J.P. Smith, Jr., R.J. Cole, and J.O. Sawyer, Jr. in collab-
oration with W.R. Powell, Special Publication No. 1 (2nd-edition).
Everett, William T., 1979, Threatened, declining and sensitive bird species in San Diego
County, San Diego Audubon Society, Sketches, June.
Jones, J. Knox, Ji-., D.C. Carter and H.H. Genoways, R.S. Hoffman,. and D.W. Rice,
1982, Revised checklist of North American mammals north of Mexico, Occasional
Papers Museum Texas Technical University 80:1-22.
Lembeck, M., 1978, Bobcat study, San Diego County, California, California Department
of Fish and Game, Nongame Wildlife Investigations, Project E-W-2, Study 'IV,
Job 1.7.
Munz, P.A., 1974, A flora of southern California, University of California Press, Berk-
eley.
Pacific Southwest Biological Services, 1982, A biological survey of Rancho La Costa
Properties (Batiquitos Lagoon), prepared for Scott Engelhorn, Cardiff, California.
Remsen~ Van, 1979, The species of special concern list: an annotated list of declining or
vulnerable birds in California, Western Field Ornithologist, Museum of Vertebrate
Zoology, University of California, Berkeley.
San Diego Herpetological Society, 1980, Survey and status of endangered and threat-
ened species of reptiles natively occurring in San Diego County, prepared for Fish
and Wildlife Committee, San Diego County Department of Agriculture.
19
Stebbins, Robert C., 1966, A field guide to western reptiles and amphibians, Houghton
Mifflin Company, Boston.
-
Tate, James Jr. and D. Jean Tate, 1982, The Blue .List for ·1982, American Birds 35(1):3-10. •
Thorne, Robert F., 1976, The vascular plant communities of California, in Symposium
proceedings-plant communities of southem Califomia, June Latting (editor), Cali-
fornia Native Plant Society, Special Publication No. 2.
United States Department of Agriculture (USDA), Soil Conservation Service, 1973, §2!!
Survey, San Diego Area, California, December.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service, 1980, Endangered and threatened wildlife and
plants: Review of plant taxa for listing as endangered or threatened species,
Federal Register 45(242):82480-82509, Monday, December 15.
United States Fish and Wildlife Service, 1979, List of endangered and threatened wild-
life and plants (republication), Department of Interior, Federal Register
4(12):3636-3654, Wednesday, January 17.
WESTEC Services, Inc., 1981, Biological Survey of La Costa Northwest, Carlsbad, pre-
pared for DAON Corporation, Newport Beach, California.
WESTEC Services, 1983, Draft EIR Hunt Properties Annexation, City of Carlsbad, SCH
#83032309, Carlsbad EIR 83-2.
Wiggins, LL., 1980, Flora of Baja California, Stanford University Press, Stanford, Cali-
fornia.
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ATTACHMENT A
GENERALIZED SURVEY ROUTE MAP
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ATTACHMENT B
FLORAL SPECIES LIST
ATI'ACHMENT B
FLORAL SPECIES LIST
HICKS PROPERTY, CARLSBAD
July 1983
Family Scientific Name
Lycopodiae
Selaginellaceae
Selaginella cinerascens
Fillcae
Aspidiaceae
Dcyopteris arguta
Pteridaceae
Pityrogramma triangularis
var. triangularis
Dicoty ledoneae
Aizoaceae -Carpet-Weed Family
Carpobrotus ~
Amaranthaceae -Amaranth Family
Amaranthus sp.
Anacardiaceae -Sumac Family
,!Y:!!:!! integrif olia
JY!!!!laurina
Toxicodendron diversilobum
Asteraceae ( Compositae) -Sunflower Family
Arte misia californica
Baccharis glutinosa
B-1
Common Name
Mesa Clubmoss
Wood Fern
Goldenback Fern
Hottentot Fig
Plgweed
Lemonadeberry.
Laurel Sumac·
Poison Oak
California Sagebrush
Mule Fat
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Baccharis pilularis
ssp. consanguinea
Centaurea melitensis
Conyza canadensis
Conyza coulteri
Encelia califomica
Eriophyllum confertiflorum
Gnaphalium beneolens
Gnaphalium chilense
Haplopappus sguarrosus
ssp. grindelioides
Haplopappus venetus
Hemizonia fasciculata
Heterotheca grandiflora
Stephanomeria virgata
Brassicaceae ( Cruciferae) -Mustard Family
Brassica nigra
Cactaceae -Cactus Family
Opuntia littoralis
Caprifoliaceae -Honeysuckle Family
Sambucus mexicana
Caryophyllaceae -Pink Family
Cardionema ramosissimum
Chenopodiaceae -Goosefoot Family
Chenopodium aJbum
Chenopodium ambrosioides
B-2
Coyote Brush
Tocalote
Horseweed
Fleabane
Common Encelia
Yellow Yarrow
Everlasting
Cotton-Batting Plant
Hazardia
GoJdenbush
Tarweed
Telegraph Weed
Stephanomeria
Black Mustard
Prickly Pear
Elderberry
Tread-Lightly
Pigweed, Lamb's Quarter
Mexican Tea
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Cistaceae -Rock-Rose Family
Helianthemum scoparium
Convolwlaceae -Moming-Glory Family
Dichondra occiden talis
Curcurbitaceae -Gourd Family
Marah macrocarpus
Ericaceae -Heath Family
Arctostaphylos glandulosa
ssp. glandulosa
Co marostaphy lis diversif olia
Xylococcus bicolor
Euphorbiaceae -Spurge Family
Ere mocarpus setigerus
Fabaceae (Leguminosae) -Pea Family
Lotus scoparius
ssp. scoparius
Melilotus~
Fagaceae -Beech Family
Quercus agrifolia
Querctls dumosa •
Gentianaceae -Gentian Family
Centaurium venustum
Lamiaceae (Labiatae) -Mint Family
Salvia clevelandii
~ mellifera
Trichostema lanatum
B-3
Rush Rose
Pony Foot, Westem Dichondra
Wild Cucumber
Eastwood Manzanita
Summer-Holly
Mission Manzanita
Turkey Mullein, Dove Weed
Deerweed
White Sweet Clover
Coast Live Oak
Scrub Oak
Canchalagua
Cleveland Sage
Black Sage
Woolly Blue Curls
Myrtaceae -Myrtle Family
Eucalyptus sp. Eucalyptus
Polemoniaceae -Phlox Family
Navarretia hamata
Polygonaceae -Buckwheat Family
Chorizanthe fimbriata Fringed Turkish
'. Eriogonum fasciculatum California Buckwheat
Primulaceae -Primrose Family
Anagallis arvensis Pimpernel
Rhamnaceae -Buckthorn Family
Ceanothus verrucosus Warty-Stem Ceanothus
Rhamnus crocea Red-Berry
Rhamnus ilicifolia Holly leaf Red-Berry
Rosaceae -Rose Family
Adenostoma fasciculatum Chamise
Heteromeles arbutifolia Toyon
Potentilla glandulosa Common Potentilla
. '. Rubiaceae -Madder Family
Galium nuttallii Nuttall Bedstraw
Saxifragaceae -Saxifrage Family
~speciosum Fuchia-Flowered
Gooseberry
Scrophulariaceae -Figwort Family
Mimulus puniceus Red Bush Monkey Flower
Scrophularia californica Coast Flgwort
B-4
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APPENDIX B
ARCHAEOLOGY REPORT AND DATA RECOVERY PLAN
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~~/es ABSTRACT ~~.~-! ~-• -,gical sites on the Hicks property were evaluated by site visitation,
literature review and test excavation by WESTEC Services on July 15 and 18, 1983. The
test results were positive at site SDi-6149 (W-1955), SDi-8195 (W-108), and SDi-4358
(W-954). Site SDi-6149 is within the SDG&:E corridor and has been impacted by tower
placement and SDG&:E bulldozing. Due to these impacts no additional work· is recom-
mended for site SDi-6149.
Site SDi-8195 adjoins the Hicks property on the east. This site was tested by
WESTEC in 1983 during the "Archaeological. Test Program of the Mola Property, Carls-
bad, California," and determined to not possess the degree of scientific, ethnic or edu-
cational importance that would warrant further archaeological investigation ( <:;arrico
and Thesken 1983).
Site SDi-4358 (W-954) is in pristine condition and has an intact subsurface midden
deposit which will contribute to the archaeological record. It is our recommendation,
that site SDi-4358 is a significant archaeological resource that should be either avoided
or excavated to mitigate impacts which will result from commercial development of
this site.
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which potential late prehistoric site occurrence is high, would be some of the most
desirable agricultural land and has probabli been under continual cultivation since the
late 1800s.
La Jolla occupation of the Batiquitos Lagoon area is well documented through
recognition of material assemblages during numerous surveys ~d excavations, and by
the absolute dating of material from several sites which identify them as within the
La Jolla time period. Site SDi-603 was extensively excavated by Warren and Pavesic in
1963. Based on Carbon 14 dates, the level with the densest shell layer was occupied
approximately 6250 years ago {Hubbs et al. 1962:224). Other dates acquired from the
same site include a date of 7300 ! 200 years before present (B.P.) from the deepest
strata and dates of 3900 ! 200 and 1270 ! 250 years B.P. from the site's upper stata. It
appears that the site was abandoned around 1270 years ago •
Warren et al. (1961), Shumway et al. (1961) and Hubbs et al. (1962) have devel-
oped ecological sequence models to explain the cultural/chronological sequence of site
SDi-603 and similar sites along the lagoons of San Diego County. The scenario of
natural events that determined subsistence patterns and other cultural dynamics along
coastal San Diego County centers around silting of the lagoons. Durinr the cultural
climax of the La Jolla between 7000 and 4000 years ago, lagoons were open to the sea,
·supporting large populations of shellfish. The lagoon habitat changed as silt deposition.
created more shallow and ephemeral bodies of water which no longer suppo_rted the
large numbers of shellfish. Warren et al. (1969) estimates that this process occurred
about 3000 years ago while Shumway et al. (1961) estimates the date at 1000 years ago.
Termination of the La Jolla culture is generally attributed to this culturally catas-
trophic, ecological change that drastically reduced or eliminated a primary food source.
Hubbs et al. (1962) contests, however, that human occupation near the lagoons did not
cease but existed_ on a reduced maritime dependency.
2.3 PREVIOUS FIELD WORK
The Batiquitos Lagoon area has come under extensive archaeological scrutiny
since the 1920s. Between 1925 and 1935, Malcolm Rogers {then curator at the San
Diego Museum of Man) conducted numerous surveys and occasional excavations over
much of San Diego County. During this time Rogers recorded 26 archaeological sites
within the Batiguitos Lagoon/La Costa area and test excavated some of these sites.
No major archaeological studies took place within this area between 1935 and
1959. In 1959, Claude Warren and D.L. True, under the auspices of the University of
California Archaeological Survey, conducted systematic surveys of many coastal and
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river valley areas of San Diego County including Batiquitos Lagoon. This survey team
located several previously unrecorded sites a~jacent to Batiquitos Lagoon. Six years of
field work and subsequent analysis and interpretation resulted in the production. of
several significant documents including those by Warren and Pavesic (1963) and Warren
(1964).
Between 1964 and 1970, little archaeological attention was given to the region
except for few scholastic studies by local schools. Since 1970, burgeoning development
of northern San Diego County has necessitated archaeological programs in the Batiqui-
tos Lagoon area including May (1972),-Kaldenberg and Ezell (197 4), Kaldenberg (197 4,
1975, 1976, 1977), Farrell (1976), WESTEC (1978) WESTEC (McCoy and Phillips 1980),
WESTEC {Carrico and Thesken 1981 and 1983), and WESTEC (Phillips 1980).
In 1976, Kaldenberg revisited site W-108 during his "Intensive Archaeological
Reconnaissance of the La Costa Land Company Property, Carlsbad, California," and
submitted a site form to both San Diego State University (SDSU) and the Museum of
Man. This site was identified as SDi-4358 at SDSU and W-954 at the Museum of Man.
WESTEC Services surveyed the subject property in 1978 for the "Regional Historic
Preservation Study: Pilot Area Survey, Carlsbad Area, San Diego County" for the
Comprehensive Planning Organization (CPO). During the survey for the CPO study, site
W-1880 was recorded. A later study by (McCoy and Phillips 1980) for SDG&:E's San
Onofre to Mission 230 kV Transmission Line, updated this site and identified it as SDi-
6149 (W-1955). Subsequent work for SDG&:E on site SDi-6149 (W-1955) included field
survey, one test unit excavation and mapping of the surface artifacts. At this time
both SDi-6149 (W-1955) and SDi-4358 (W-954) wert3 identified under the SDi-6149
(W-1955) site number.
In 1981, WESTEC surveyed a 40-acre parcel for James Frandsen and Mola
Development Corporation adjacent and west of the subject property. Two sites were
subsequently tested and found to not possess the degree of scientific, ethnic or educa-
tional importance that would warrant further archaeological investigation. These sites
include SDi-8195 (temporary number F/M-1) and SDi-4849 (temporary numbers F/M-5
and F/M-6) (Carrico and Thesken 1983).
2.4 SITE DESCRIPTIONS
The following site descriptions are provided for clarity in understanding the
kinds of archaeological loci on the subject property and subsequent condition of these
sites.
• Site W-108 -First recorded by Malcolm Rogers in the 1920s by a num-
ber on a map and in Rogers' notebook at the San Diego Museum of Man (Rogers n.d.).
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SECTION m
TEST EXCAVATION AND RESULTS
3.1 INTRODUCTION
Site testing included two 1 x l meter units at SDi-4358 (W-954) and one simple
shovel test at SDi-6149 (W-1955). As mentioned previously, one 1 x 1 meter test unit
was excavated at SDi-6149 by WESTEC for SDG&E (McCoy and Kirkish 1982), and one
test unit was excavated at SDi-8195 by WESTEC for the Mola Property (Carrico and
Thesken 1983) (Figure in Pocket at End of Report).
3.2 EXCAVATION METHODS
To appropriately manage the cultural resources on the subject property a
limited testing program was recommended and conducted. This test excav:ation pro-
gram was essential to adequately determine the vertical extent, content and signifi-
cance of the site prior to determining the necessity and direction of subsequent investi-
gations.
Test investigations used two l x 1 meter excavation units to culturally sterile
soil (red sandstone or clay deposit). All test units were oriented true north and a l x
l meter wooden template was used to position corner stakes. The units were then
outlined with string. In general, each unit was excavated by two people using arbitrary
(non-stratified) 10 centimeter levels. All measurements were taken from the vertical
datum (i.e., the highest corner). Equipment used during the excavation included
trowels, hand pick, square-nose shovels and 1/8-inch mesh screens. When possible,
cultural material was left in situ within each level, mapped in the unit notebook, and
later numbered and bagged separately and placed with material collected from the
screen for that particular level. Photo documentation was conducted to record field
procedures and ~propriate cultural material.
Notebooks were kept for every unit and upon completion of each 10 cen-
timeter level, level sheets were filled out and soil samples taken. Information recorded
on the level sheets included types of cultural material recovered,. soil conditions and
any noted disturbance. All cultural material was bagged from each unit in 10-cen-
timeter levels and taken to WESTEC's Cultural Resources Laboratory for cleaning,
analyses and cura tion.
Upon their completion, both units were photographed, soil profiles drawn, and
column samples (10 x 10 centimeters) were taken from each level. Column samples can
be analyzed for minute particles of cultur'll material and pollen samples that would.
normally pass through the 1/8-inch mesh screen undetected.
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Cataloging Procedures
A standard system of cataloging cultural remains was used. All items were
washed and separated by material class within each unit and level prior to cataloging.
Typological classes include flakes/debitage, cores, flaked lithic tools, projectile points,
manos, metates, ;ceramics, miscellaneous artifacts, shell, bone/teeth, miscellaneous.
ecofacts and non-aboriginal artifacts. Certain items, such as cores, tools, grinding
implements and in situ artifacts were cataloged individually, while others such as
flakes/debitage, shell and bone/teeth were grouped by level within each unit. Each
item or group of items was counted, weighed and/or measured and given consecutive
catalog numbers which were either marked in ink directly on the artifact or on an
attached label. In addition, each item was then analyzed for specific attributes
peculiar to that material class. All cataloged items, divided into typological cate-
gories, were then placed in appropriately labeled boxes for storage at WESTEC's Cul-
tural Resources Laboratory.
3.3 EXCAVATION RESULTS
3.3.1 Unit Descriptions
Both Unit 1 and Unit 2 (Figure in Pocket at End of Report) were positive,
producing large quantities of shell and small amounts of milling tools, bone and shell.
The results of each 1 x 1 meter unit are summarized in Tables 3-1, 3-2 and 3-3.
Unit 1 contained five species of shell totaling 1621.9 grams; 10 flakes (whole
flakes plus detritus); 4 local Tizon Brown Ware pottery. fragments; 17 bone fragments;
1 fish vertebrae; and 2 pieces of recent historic glass. This unit was fairly shallow in
comparison to Unit 2, with the majority (over 90 percent) of artifacts, bone and shell
remainslocated in the top 20 centimeters. This unit may characterize the Late Period
occupation of the site.
Unit 2, the most productive unit, contained large amounts of shell; 6 manos;
10 pieces of Tizon Brown Ware pottery; 1 small shell bead; 44bone fragments; 9 fish
bone remains; and 19 pieces of flaked stone and detritus. The shell was obvious by its
sheer quantity and diverse nature, as shown in the 18 species identified in Table 3-3.
The one shell bead was a rare find which could date from 3000 to 7500 years before
present (B.P.), as it was located in the 20-30 centimeter level, below the earlier period
pottery fragments, found within 0-10 and 10-20 centimeter levels. This unit also con-
tained two hearth features which may have been dug into the early period La Jolla site.
It is apparent that this site represents at least two cultural periods; the earliest period
is the La Jolla (circa 3000 to 7500 B.P.), overlain by the second period, the Diegueno
(circa 1000 B.P.).
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Table 3-2
SHELL FROM SDi-4358, UNIT 1 BY LEVEL AND SPECIES
0-10 lQ.::.fil)_ 20-30 Total Percent --
Chione 593.8 729.9 102.5 1,426.2 87.93
Plagioctenium 60.6 62.2 20.4 143.2 8.83
Ostrea!!:!!:!!!! 3.7 1.2 1.8 6.7 .41
Mytilus ~ • 0.9 1.8 2.7 .17
Astraea undosa 5.7 5.7 .35
Unidentified 37.4 37.4 2.31 --
TOTAL: 702.1 795.1 124~7 1,621.9 100
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3.4 DISCUSSION
Unit 1 does not have the depth, quantity and quality of artifacts and ecofacts
found in Unit 2. Unit 1 does contain a Late Period component represented by the
ceramic fragments and possibly an earlier component which appears to represent the
La Jolla people circa 3000 to 7500 years before present (B.P .).
Unit 2 far exceeds most local sites in quantity and quality of cultural material.
As in Unit 1, Unit 2 again suggests occupation by two temporally separate groups dating
from circa 7500 years B.P. These groups are the La Jolla (circa 3ooo-;.1500 years B.P.)
and the Diegueno (circa 1000 years B.P.).
In a regional perspective, this site is one of 7 sites containing both a late
prehistoric component and an earlier component, out of a total of 31 sites listed in the
Batiquitos Lagoon/La Costa area. It should also be noted. that this site has.been iden-
tified as surface collected over a long period of time by local residents (Alice Lamplugh
1980).
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4.2.2 Native American Significance
Native American concerns for the site cannot be fully addressed at this
initial stage of investigation. Human remains noted by M. Rogers circa 1929 and
through this test program would suggest Native American concern for site SDi-4358.
Further subsurface investigation may produce information concerning potential
ancestoral lifeways important to contemporary Native Americans. Investigations may
also reveal a spiritual component of the sites in the form of special artifacts and
additional human remains.
4.2.3 Educational Significance
Educational potential of the site cannot "fully be determined at this time.
• Educ.ational and interpretive value may be derived either through site preservation,
data retrieval or following data retrieval and analysis. In a preserved state, interpre-
tive programs exhibiting typical prehistoric lagoon sites could be developed. During
data retrieval (including excavation) educational institutions and the general public
could derive valuable skills and information. Following data retrieval, extracted arti-
facts and information could be incorporated into interpretive displays and publications.
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SECTION V
DEVELOPMENT IMPACTS
Development of the subject property would adversely impact si&nificant ~ultural ~
resources existing on the property. Archaeological site SDi-4358 would be impaired or
destroyed as a result of grading, landf orm alteration and construction resulting from
development.
Site SDl-4358 is one of 22 sites identified in the Regional Historic Preservation
study: Pilot Area Survey, Carlsbad Area as potentially eligible for the National Regis-
ter of Historic Places (WESTEC 1978). The importance of the site within the project is
as follows: 1) it is situated in a unique environmental setting along .I coastal lagoon;
2) the quantity of cultural remains recorded at the site clearly indicates the potential
for significant scientific research; 3) the presence of human burials is significant to
Native Americans; and 4) the presence of a buried deposit to 50 centimeters has iden-
tified a temporal range of A.D. 3000 to A.D. 7500 which is significant to researchers of
this period.
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SECTION VI
MITIGATION RECOMMENDATIONS •
Based on the results of WESTEC's test excavation program, it is our recommenda-
tion that the requirements by the City of carlsbad for archaeological mitigation of a •
site of major scientific importance should be followed. These recommendations are
listed in the Agua Hedionda Land Use Plan, City of carlsbad, Local Coastal Program
adopted May 1982 and should be applicable to Batiquitos Lagoon as well. These recom-._ ,
mendations are listed below: -:.~ ir. 1 • ' • ' rl / '·i At .o,'( f 1 / • ' f / " '<: •
1. Perform a systematic posthole series on the site to determin. e the exact~
vertical and horizontal extent of the site. ;JI" J ~
2. Conduct a 5 percent test excavation manually at the site employing a
research design which will allow new and valid scientific intormation to
be generated as a result of the work. The units snould be selected at
3.
4.
5.
random. L.l j Q ~ ';b ~--<) I' ,,r ,, ,: 0, ~ .A,
Conduct Cl4 tests on the site.~ d.J _ t J tL·, )..._ ,,,.,r ;_ ,' -. _,, ' t .. >, ,(J'/.-t
Conduct palynol~calstudi~ / . , V -~ r./ _. *. '1'6 CA./1(~~, ~)r~j~ ";\ >,; /4-y:.-: ;. 1 r•,-, -' .
Prepare an analysJS for the scientific commuruty. ti 't ·--; f · · · <
As a result of WESTEC's testing program site SDi-4358 is recommended to.-employ
an excavation program which will not exceed 5 percent and not be less than 2 percent.
The range of a 2 to 5 percent sampling is recommended as large amounts of shell were
located during testing with few stone artifacts recovered. The lower percentage of
sampling will ensure that sufficient shell data be gathered for environmentally related
c.ultural research questions, thereby ensuring that redundancy of shell data will be
avoided.
[
Preservation measures also identified in the Land Use Plan are: 1) preservation
by placing 5 feet of fill and using the site for open space; 2) fencing; 3) limit access;
and 4) placing the site in an open space easement.
The mitigation measures described above should be reviewed by the City of Carls-~
bad planning staff and evaulated in light of staff interpretation of Assembly Bill 952-
Public Resources Code Section 21083.2. Whether AB 952 is implemented or waived wlll
not affect the need for, or type of, mitigation of adverse effects to archaeological
resources.
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SECTION Vll
REFERENCES CITED
Carrico, Richard L. and Jay Thesken
1981
1983
Farrell, Nancy
1976
Franklin, Randy
Archaeological Investigation of the Seablu!f Property. Unpublished
manuscript on file with the City of Carlsbad Planning Department.
An Archaeological Test Program of the Mola Property, Carlsbad, Cali-
fornia. Unpublished manuscript on file at WESTEC Services.
Reconnaissance of recorded archaeological resources within the pro-
posed Batiquitos Lagoon Regional Park. Unpublished manuscript on file
with the County of San Diego.
1980· Site Form SDi-8195 (W-108). On file at San Diego State University and
Museum of Man, San Diego, California.
Hubbs, Carl L., George s. Bein and Hans E. Seuss
1962 La Jolla Natural Radiocarbon Measurements II. American Journal of
Science, Radiocarbon Supplement, Vol. 4, pp. 204-138. New Haven.
Kaldenberg, Russell L.
1974 The results of a five percent archaeological test excavation at Santa Fe
Glens (SDM-W-181-A), Carlsbad, California. Unpublished manuscript
on file at Rick Engineering Co., San Diego.
1975
1976a
1976b
1977
Archaeological investigations at Rancho Carrillo Estates, Carlsbad,
California. Unpublished manuscript on file with the City of Carlsbad
Planning Department.
Paleo-ethuological change at Rancho Park North (SDM-W-49), San
Diego County, California. Paper presented at the 1976 Society for
California Archaeology Annual Meeting, San Diego, California.
Site Form SDi-4358 (W-954). On file at San Diego State University and
Museum of Man, San Diego, California. •
An intensive archaeological reconnaissance of the Lacosta Land Com-
pany property, Carlsbad, California. Unpublished manuscript on file
with the City of Carlsbad Planning Department.
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Kaldenberg, Russell L. and Paul H. Ezell
1974 Results of the archaeological mitigation of Great Westen sites A and C,
located on the proposed Rancho Park North development near Oliven-
hain, California. Unpublished manuscript on file with the County of San
Diego •
Lamplugh, Alice
1980
May, Ronald V.
1972
Personal communication with Leslie McCoy.
A survey of La Costa. Unpublished manuscript in the possession of the
author. San Diego.
McCoy, Lesley and Alex Kirkish
1982 The Cultural Resources Data Recovery Program for the 230 kV Trans-
mission Line Rights-of-Way from San Onofre Nuclear Generating Sta-
tion to Black Star Canyon and Santiago Substation and to Encina and
Mission Valley Substations. Volume 1. On tile at San Diego Gas
& Electric, San Diego, calif ornia.
McCoy, Lesley and Roxana Phillips
1980
Phillips, Roxana
National Register assessment program of cultural resources of the
230 kV transmission line rights-of-way from San Onofre Nuclear Gener-
ating Station to Black Star Canyon and Santiago Substations and to
Encina and Mission Valley Substation. Unpublished manuscript on file,
San Diego Gas & Electric Co., San Diego, California.
1980 Archaeological Survey of the Batiquitos Lagoon .Property, unpublished
manuscript on file with the City of Carlsbad Planning Department.
Rogers, Malcolm J.
n.d. Site records on file at the San Diego Museum of Man.
Shumway, George, CarlL. Hubbs and James R. Moriarty
1961 Scripps Estates Site, San Diego County, California: A La Jolla site
dated 5460 to 7370 years before the present. AMals of the New York
Academy of Sciences, Vol. 93, Article 3, pp. 37-132. New York. .
Thesken, Jay
1978 Site Form SDi-6149 {W-1955). On file at San Diego State University
and Museum of Man, San Diego, California.
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Warren, Claude N.
1964 CUltural change and continuity on the San Diego coast. Ph.D. disserta-
tion, Department of Anthropology, University of California, Los
Angeles.
Warren, Claude N. and Max G. Pavesic
1963 Shell midden analysis of site SDi-603 and ecological implications for
cultural development of Batiquitos Lagoon, San Diego County, Cali-
fornia. UCLA, Department of Anthropology -SociolFc Archaeological
Survey Annual Report, Appendix I, University o California, Los
Angeles.
Warren Claude N., D.L. True and Ardith A. Eudey
1961 Early gathering complexes of western san Diego County: results and
interpretations of an archaeological survey. Archaeological Survey
Annual Report 1960-1961, pp. 1-106. University of California, Los
Angeles.
WESTEC Services, Inc.
1978 Regional historic preservation study: pilot area survey, Carlsbad area,
San Diego County, (Volume I: CUltural resource and assessment).
Unpublished manuscript on file with the Comprehensive Planning Orga-
nization, San Diego.
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BETA ANALYTIC INC.
RADIOCARBON DATING. STABLE ISOTOPE RATIOS, THERMOLUMINESCENCE. X-RAY DIFFRACTION
P O BOX 248113 • CORAL GABLES, FLORIDA 33124 • (305) 667-5167
Dr. D. Gallegos
westec Services, Inc.
3211 Fifth Avenue
San Diego, CA 92103
Dear D. Gallegos:
January 4, 1984
• '
Please find enclosed the results on the two shell samples
recently submitted for radiocarbon dating analyses. We hope
these dates will be useful in your research.
The samples were pretreated by etching away the outer
layers with dilute acid. The following benzene syntheses and
countings proceeded normally. The dates are within two sigma
errors of each other. They should be considered statistically
indistinguishable.
we are enclosing our statement. would you forward this to
the appropriate office for payment. If there are any questions
or if you would like to confer· on the dates, my direct telephone
number ,is listed above. Both my partner and I have over twenty
years experience in radiocarbon dating. Please don't hesitate
to call us if we can be of any help.
MT/hs
encs.
Sincerely yours,
Murry Tamers, Ph.D.
Co .. director
P.S. I'm also sending some sample data sheets for future samples
or to give to your friends that might need our service.
REPORT_.OF RADIOCARBON DATING ANALYSES
I
o. Gallegos DATE RECEIVED: __ Dec:at ___ ~ __ 1S_, _l_9_s_3 ___ _
Westei:: Services, Inc. DATE REPORTED: __ J._an_:uary ____ 4_,_l9_B_4 ____ _
I ____ _ BILLED TO SUBMITTER'S
INVOICE NUMBER __________ _
I.._ __________ _
IOUR LAB NUMBER
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Beta-8317
·~318
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YOUR SAMPLE NUMBER
Site W-108, Unit 2
Ievel 20-30 an
Site W-108, unit 2
I.evel 30-40 an
C•14AGEVEARS B.P.± 1 a
5780 ± 90 B.P.
5460 t 70 B.P.
These dates are reported as RCYBP (radiocarbon years before 1950 A.O.). By international conventipn, the half•life of I radiocarbon is taken as 5568 years and 95% of the activity of the National Bureau of Standards Oxalic Acid (original
batch) used as the modern standard. The quoted errors are from the counting of the modern standard, background, and
sample being analyzed. They represent one standard deviation statistics (68% probability), based on the random nature
of the radioactive disintegration process. Also by international convention, no corrections are made for De Vries effect, I reservoir effect, or isotope fractionation in nature, unless specifically noted above. Stable carbon ratios are measured on
request and are calculated relative to the POS.1 international standard; the adjusted ages are normalized to •25 per mil
carbon 13.
A RESOURQE GUIDE FOR:
CORONERS
NATIVE AMERICAN
MOST LIKELY DESCENDENTS
CITY AND COUNTY .PLANNERS
PROPERTY OWNERS
.,S ·'·'.;
DEVELOPERS . '
-WHAT TO DO -
The following actions must be taken
immediately upon the discovery of
remains at a construction site:
a) Stop work immediately and
contact the County Coroner.
b) The Coroner has two working
days to examine remains after
bemg notified by the person
responsible for the excavation.
If the remains are Native
American, the Coroner has 24
hours to notify the Native
American Heritage
Commission.
c) The Native American Heritage
Commission will immediately
notify the person it believes to
be the most Hkely descendent
of the deceased Native
American.
d)
e)
The most likely descendent has
24 hours to make recommenda-
tions to the owner, or represen-
tative, for tile treatment or
disposition, with proper
dignity, of the remains and
grave goods.
If the descendent doesn't make
recommendations within 24
hours the owner may reinter
the remains in an area of the
property secure from further
disturbance, or:
If the owner doesn't accept the
descendent's recommenda-
tions, the owner or the
descendent may request
mediation by the Native
American Heritage
Commission.
•
FOR ...... DDITIONAL INFORMATION:
call the NATIVE AMERICAN
HERITAGE COMMISSION
at (916) 322-7791 or write to:
NATIVE AMERICAN HERITAGE
COMMISSION
915 Capitol Mall, Room 288
Sacramento, CA 95814
A PROFESSIONAL
GUIDE
FOR THE PRESERVATION AND
PROTECTION OF NATIVE
AMERICAN REMAINS
AND ASSOCIATED GRAVE GOODS
Published by the
California
Native American
Heritage Commission
2/88
GEORGE DEUKMEJIAN, Governor /,
•
following excerpts from California Jaw A
cerning Native American remains are 9
provided for your reference:
From Chapter 1492, Smtutes of 1982, which
added Section 7050.5 to the Health and Safety Code,
amended Section 5097 .94 of the Public Resources
Code and added Sections 5097.98 and 5097.99 to the
Public Resources Code:
(a) The Legislature finds as follows:
(1) Native American human burials and skeletal
remains are subject to vandalism and inadvertent
destruction at an increasing rate.
(2) State laws do not provide for the protection
of these burials and remains from vandalism and
destruction.
(3) There is no regular means at this time by
which Native American descendents can make known
their concerns regarding the treatment and disposition
of Native American burials, skeletal remains, and
items associated with Native American burials.
(b) The purpose of this act is:
(1) To provide protection to Native American
human burials and skeletal remains from vandalism
and inadvertent destruction.
(2) To provide a regular means by which Native
American descendents can make known their concerns
regarding the need for sensitive treatment and
disposition of Native American burials, skeletal
remains, and items associated with Native American
burials.
From Section 7050.5 of the Health and
Safety Code:
(b) In the event of discovery or recognition of any
human remains in any location other than a dedicated
cemetery, there shall be no further excavation or
disturbance of the site or any nearby area reasonably
suspected to overlie adjacent remains until the coroner
of the county in which the human remains are
discovered has determined, in accordance with Chapter
10 (commencing with Section 27460) of Part 3 of
Division 2 of Title 3 of the Government Code, that
the remains are not subject to the provisions of
.A>n 27491 of the Government Code or any otlA
rR<l provisions of law concerning investigation !I"
the circumstances, manner and cause of any death, and
the recommendations concerning the treatment and
disposition of the human remains have been made to
the person responsible for the excavation, or to his or
her authorized representative, in the manner provided in
Section 5097 .98 of the Public Resources Code. The
coroner shall make his or her determination within two
working days from the time the person responsible for
the excavation, or his or her authorized representative,
notifies the coroner of the discovery or recognition of
the human remains.
( c) If the coroner determines that the remains are not
subject to his or her authority and if the coroner
recognizes the human remains to be those of a Native
American, or has reason to ~lieve tbat they are those
of a Native American, he or she shalt contact, by
telephone within 24 hours, the Native American
Heritage Commission.
From Section 5097.94 of the Public
Resources Code:
The commission shall have the following powers and
duties:
... (k) To mediate, upon application of either of the
parties, disputes arising between landowners and
known descendents relating to the treatment and
disposition of Native American human burials,
skeletal remains, and items associated with Native
American burials.
The agreements shall provide protection to Native
American human burials and skeletal remains from
vandalism and inadvertent destruction and provide for
sensitive treatment and disposition of Native American
burials, skeletal remains, and associated grave goods
consistent with the planned use of, or the approved
project on, the land.
(l) To assist interested landowners in developing
agreements with appropriate Native American groups
for treating or disposing, with appropriate dignity, of
the human remains and any items associated with
Native American burials.
An Section 5097.98' of the Public A
Wources Code: ,.i,
(a) Whenever the commission receives notification
of a discovery of Native American human remains
from a county coroner pursuant to subdivision (c) of
Section 7050.5 of the Health and Safety Code, it
shall immediately notify those persons it believes to
be most likely descended from the deceased Native
American. The descendents may, with the
permission of the owner of the land, or his or her
authorized representative, inspect the site of the
discovery of the Native American remains and may
recommend to the owner or the person responsible for
the excavation work means for treating or disposing,
with appropriate dignity, the human remains and any
associated grave goods. The descendents shall
complete their inspection and make their
recommendation within 24 hours of their notification
by the Native American Heritage Commission. The
recommendation may include the scientific removal
and nondestructive analysis of human remains and
items associated with Native American burials.
(b) Whenever the commission is unable to identify a
descendent, or the descendent identified fails to make a
recommendation, or the landowner or his or her
authorized representative rejects the recommendation
of the descendent and the mediation provided for in
subdivision (k) of Section 5097 .94 fails to provide
measures acceptable to the landowner, the landowner
or his or her authorized representative shall reinter the
human remains and items associated with Native
American burials with appropriate dignity on the
property in a location not subject to further
subsurface disturbance.
14t41 (Chapter 404, Statut~s of 1987): -
On January 1, 1988, Senate Bill 447 went into effect.
This legislation amended Section 5097 .99 of the Public
Resources Code, making it a'felony to obtain or
possess Native American remains or associated grave
goods:
(a) No person shall obtain or possess any Native
American artifacts or human remains which are taken
from a Native American grave or cairn on or after
January I, 1984, except as otherwise provided by law or
in accordance with an agreement reached pursuant to
subdivision (l) of Section 5097.94 or pursuant to
Section 5097 .98.
(b) Any person who knowingly or willfully obtains or
possesses any Native American artifacts or human
remains which are taken from a Native American grave
or cairn after January I, 1988, except as otherwise
provided by law or in accordance with an agreement
reached pursuant to subdivision (l) of Section 5097 .94
or pursuant to Section 5097 .98, is guilty of a felony
which is punishable by imprisonment in the state
prison.
(c) Any person who removes, without authority of
law, any Native American artifacts or human remains
from a Native American grave or cairn with an intent to
sell or dissect or with malice or wantonness is guilty of
a felony which is punishable by imprisonment in the
state prison.
86 81736
fpn 27491 of the Government Code or any otr ~
remled provisions of law concerning investigation o, '
the circumstances, manner and cause of any death, and
the recommendations concerning the treatment and
disposition of the human remains have been made to
the person responsible for the excavation, or to his or
her authorized representative, in the manner provided in
Section 5097 .98 of the Public Resources Code. The
coroner shall make his or her detennination within two
working days from the time the person responsible for
the excavation, or his or her authorized representative,
notifies the coroner of the discovery or recognition of
the human remains.
(c) If the coroner detennines that the remains are not
subject to his or her authority and if the coroner
recognizes the human remains to be those of a Native
American, or has reason to believe that they are those
of a Native American, he or she shall contact, by
telephone within 24 hours, the Native American
Heritage Commission.
From Section 5097.94 of the Public
:\~p_:··~
commission shall have the following powers and
duties:
... (k) To mediate, upon application of either of the
parties, disputes arising between landowners and 1 .•·
.· known descendents relating to the treatment and
disposition of Native American human burials,
skeletal remains, and items· associated with. Native
American burials.
< ' -' ' '-,; ' -~;
The'agreements shall provide protection to Native ·
American human burials and skeletal remains from
· .. ,vandalism and inadvertent destruction and provide for
• • sensitive treatment and disposition of Native American
burials, skeletal remains, and associated grave goods
consistent with the planned use of, or the approved
project on, the land.
(1) To assist interested landowners in developing
agreements with appropriate Native American groups
for treating or disposing, with appropriate dignity, of
the human remains and any items associated with
Native American burials.
I .3-
-';n Section 5097.98•of' the Public
h..:sources Code:
(a) Whenever the commission receives notification
of a discovery of Native American human remains
from a county coroner pursuant to subdivision (c) of
Section 7050.5 of the Health and Safety Code, it
shall immediately notify those•persons it believes to
be most likely descended from the deceased Native
American. The descendents may, with the
permission of the owner of the land, or his or her
authorized representative, inspect the site of the
discovery of the Native American remains and may
recommend to the owner or the person responsible for
the excavation work means for treating or disposing,
with appropriate dignity, the human remains and any
associated grave goods. The descendents shall
complete their inspection and make their
recommendation within 24 hours of their notification
by the Native American Heritage Commission. The
recommendation may include the scientific removal
and nondestructive analysis of human remains and
items associated with Native American burials .. .
(b) Whenever . commi~i~ri\~~ableto identify a
descendent, or the descendent identified fails to make a
recommendation, or the landowner or his or her
authorized representative rejects the recommendation
of the descendent and the mediation provided for in
. subdivision (k)_of ~ection 5097.94 fails to provide
measures acceptable to the landowner, the landowner
or his or her authorized representative shall reinter the
human remains and items associated with Native
American burials. with appropriate dignity on the
property in a location not subject to further
subsurface disturbance.
7-Sma 11 isolated protected slopes (A'S% or greater with native vegetation) that will
be eliminated.
Carlsbad Retail/Johnson Wax
Carlsbad Schools
.5 ac.
2.2 ac.
1.Alac.
411/1ac.
Westana Viewpoint
Preserved Contiguous Unprotected Open Space
IN ADDITION
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
MH:af
Coastal.mis
7.8 ac. Unprotected slopes covered with native vegetation
_Ll ac. Disturbed
9.8 ac. Unprotected by LCP
Approximately 1.2 acres of disturbed area within Westana Open Space
area will be replanted with native vegetation.
Carlsbad Retail/Johnson Wax is creating 1.5 acre contiguous steep
slope onsite which will be planted with native vegetation. ~-s-~c:r: Carlsbad Retail/Johnson Wax will be planting<;.iparian type vegetation
around the large disiltation basin in the northerly portion of their
project.
Carlsbad Schools will be preserving 2.1...acres of native vegetation
in the northeasterly portion of their property adjacent to the 13.2
acre Open Space on the Westana Viewpoint site.
In summary, these projects will preserve 15.3 contiguous acres of
habitat vs. 8 isolated acres of habitat based on a strict
interpretation of the Local Coastal Program.
a) Slopes of 251 grade and over shall kp~•••••4 J.n1
t}aeil' natural state, unless the app-li•iJtfl.0:11 't>f this
policy would preclude any reasoaabl• u••vof ~he
property.,. i:n • which case aa •11croaclila~-t. ;.<fi' t&
••cee4 t.'&I of the steep slope area -~.r 2ft "trAde
may be permitted. For existing legal parcels, with
all or nearly all of their area in slope area over
25% grade, encroachment may be permitted; however,
any such encroachment shall be limited to that at no
time is more than 20% of the entire parcel
(including areas under 25% slope) permitted to be
disturbed from its natural state. This policy shall
not apply to the construction of.roads oh the City's
Circulation Element or the development of utility
systems. Uses of slopes over 25% may be made in
order to provide access to flatter areas if there is
no less environmentally damaging alternative
available.
b) No further subdivisions of land or utilization of
Planned Unit Developments shall occur on lots that
have their total area in excess of 25% slope unless
a Planned Unit Development is proposed which limits
grading and development to not more than 10%-of the
total site area.
-36-
c) Slopes and areas remaining undisturbed as a result
of the hillside review proe•ss" shall t;,e, pl.aced in, a
perJiulnent o.pen space eaa$aent as a condition of
development approval. The purpcse,of the open space
easement shall be to ret!uce the· poteit'ti:al ·for
removal of n:ative vegetation ••cept for or:,atlng
and to protect visual reso111:ces ot l•~t•aae to the
entire community.
2) All Other Steep Slope Areas:
For all other steep slope areas, the City COun.-fl llay'
allow exception• to the above qradin~ provl•Loas1
provided the following mandatory findings to allow
exceptions are made:
a) A soils investigation conducted by a licensed soils
engineer has determined the subject slope area to be
stable and grading and development impacts
mitigatable for at least 75 years, or life of
structure.
b) Grading of the slope is essential, to the ••••lopae11t .
intent aacll design.
-37-
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c) Slope disturbance will not result. in sulu;t:antial '
daaat• or alteration to major wildlife hab-ita~ or
native vegetation areas.
d) If the area proposed to be disturbed is predominated
by steep slopes and is in excess of 10 acres, no
more than one third of the total steep slope area
shall be subject to major grade changes.
e) If the area proposed to be disturbed is predominated
by steep slopes and is less than 10 acres, complete
grading may be allowed only if no interruption ;o~
s ignifican.t wildlife corridors ooc.u:s.,
f) Because north-facing slopes are generally more prone
to stability problems and in many cases contain more
extensive natural vegetation, no grading or removal
of vegetation from these areas will be permitted
unless all environmental impacts have been
mitigated. overriding circumstances are not
considered adequate mitigation.
3) Required Runoff Control Plan:
No development shall be permitted except pursuant to
submittal of a runoff control plan prepared by a
licensed engineer qualified in hydrology and hydraulics;
such approved plans shall assure that there would be no
-38-.., .
increase in peak runoff rate from the developed site
over the greatest discharge expected from the existing
undeveloped site as a result of a 10-year frequency
storm. Runoff control shall be accomplished by a
variety of measures, including, but not limited to,
onsite catchment basins, detention basins, siltation
traps, and energy dissipators, and shall not be
concentrated in one area.
4) Required Drainage or Erosion Control Facility
Maintenance Arrangements:
Development approvals shall include detailed maintenance
arrangements for providing the on-going repair and
maintenance for all approved drainage or erosion-control
facilities.
5) Installation & Timing of Permanent Runoff and Erosion
Control Devices:
All permanent runoff-control and erosion-control devices
shall be developed and installed prior to or concurrent
with any onsite grading activities.
6) Required Open Space Easements on Undeveloped Slopes
All undevelopable slopes shall be placed in open space
easements as a condition of development approval.
-39-
POLICY 4-4 REMOVAL OF NATURAL VEGETATION
When earth changes are required and natural vegetation is
removed, the area and duration of exposure shall be kept at
a minimum.
POLICY 4-5 SOIL EROSION CONTROL PRACTICES
Soil erosion control practices shall be used against
"onsite" soil erosion. These include keeping soil covered
with temporary or permanent vegetation or with mulch
materials, special grading procedures, diversion structures
to divert surface runoff from exposed soils, and grade
stabilization structures to control surface water.
POLICY 4-6 "SEDIMENT CONTROL" PRACTICES
Apply "sediment control" practices as a perimeter protection
to prevent off-site drainage. Preventing sediment from
leaving the site should be accomplished by such methods as
diversion ditches, sediment traps, vegetative filters, and
sediment basins. Preventing erosion is of course the most
efficient way to control sediment runoff.
-40-
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POLICY 4-7 FLOOD HAZARDS
A.
B .
c.
Storm Drainage Facilities in Developed Areas
Storm drainage facilities in developed areas should be
improved and enlarged according to the Carlsbad Master
Drainage Plan, incorporating the changes recommended in the
LCP.
City's Grading Ordinance
The City's grading ordinance should be amended to greatly
reduce the extent of onsite and offsite erosion due to
construction activities. (See policies under Soil Erosion.)
Although these are primarily erosion control measures, they
will help to prevent sedimentation in downstream drainage
facilities.
Storm Drainage Facilities in Undeveloped Areas
Drainage improvement districts shall be formed for presently
undeveloped areas which are expected to urbanize in the
future. The improvement districts would serve to implement
the Master Drainage Plan. Upstream areas in the coastal
zone shall not be permitted to develop prdor to installation
of the storm drain facilities downstream, in order to assure
protection of coastal resources.
-41-
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D.
E.
F •
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Financing New Drainage Facilities
New drainage facilities, required within the improvement
districts, should be financed either by some form of bond or
from fees collected from developers on a cost-per-acre
basis.
100-Year Floodplain
Development shall continue to be restricted in 100 year
floodplain areas. Continuing the policy of zoning 100 year
floodplains as open space will permit natural drainage to
occur without the need for flood control channels. No
permanent structures or filling shall be permitted in the
floodplain and only uses compatible with periodic flooding
shall be allowed.
Master Drainage Plan
Adopt the provisions of the Master Drainage Plan to
ameliorate flood and drainage hazards within the planning
area.
-42-
2 1 . . 020 Applicability -This chapter implements the
California Costal Act and is applicable to all properties located
in the coastal zone as defined in Public Resources Code Section
30171. In case of any conflict between this zone and the
underlying zone, provisions of this zone shall apply .
2 1 • . 030 Permit Required -Developments, including but
not limited to, land divisions, as defined in Ch. 21.04.108
require a coastal development pe~mit. This permit is subject to
the requirements of this zone and the procedural requirements for
coastal development permits of Chapter 21.85 .
2 1 • . 040 Development Standards -The following specific
development standards shall be applied to areas within the
Coastal Resource Protection Overlay Zone as part of the coastal
development permit. such standards shall control, notwithstanding
the provisions of the underlying zone and shall include:
A. PRESERVATION OF STEEP SLOPES AND VEGETATION
Any development proposal that affects steep slopes (25%
inclination or greater) shall be required to prepare a slope map
and analysis for the affected slopes. Steep slopea are identified
on the PRC Toups maps. The slope mapping and analysis shall be
prepared during the CEQA environmental review on a project-by-
project basis and shall be required as a condition of a coastal
development permit.
1) For those slopes mapped as possessing endangered
.plant/animal species and/or coastal sage scrub and chapparal plant
communities, the following policy language would apply:
ATTACHMENT 2 (2 OF 12)
a. Slopes of 25% grade and over shall be
preserved in their natural state, unless the application of this
policy would preclude any reasonable use of the property, in which
case an encroachment not to exceed 10% of the steep slope area
over 25% grade may be permitted. For existing legal parcels, with
all or nearly all of their area in slope area over 25% grade,
encroachment may be permitted; however, any such encroachment
. shall be limited so that at no time is more than 20% of the entire
parcel (including areas under 25% slope) permitted to be disturbed
from its natural state. This policy shall not apply to the
construction of roads of the City's Circulation Element or
the development of utility systems. Uses of slopes over 25% may
be made in order to provide access to flatter areas if there is
no less environmentally damaging alternative available.
b. No further subdivisions of land or
utilization of Planned Unit Developments shall occur on lots that
have their total area in excess of 25% slope unless a Planned Unit
Development is proposed which limits grading and development to
not more than 10% of the total site area.
c. Slopes and areas remaining undisturbed as a
result of the hillside review process, shall be placed in a
permanent open space easement as a condition of development
approval. The purpose of the open space easement shall be to
reduce the potential for localized erosion and slide hazards to
prohibit the removal of native vegetation except for creating
firebreaks and/or planting fire retardant vegetation and to
protect visual resources of importance to the entire community.
ATTACHMENT 2 (3 OF 12)
,
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2. Placing a chain link fence around the sites to protect
them from the curious.
3. Designing the project so the sites will remain green
area and access would be limited.
4. Placing the sites in open space easements.
Preservation would allow for the site to be available for
scientific research to future scholars with a demonstrated
"need to know". This would be a positive scientific action.
-57-
further study. The City of Carlsbad in conjunction with
individual property owners of historically significant
structures should determine which local and federal programs
are applicable and take advantage of them as appropriate.
POLICY 8-3 INFILL DEVELOPMENT DESIGN REVIEW
While the Scenic Preservation Overlay Zone can be used to
enhance the character of new development, the City of
Carlsbad should adopt a policy whereby the unique
characteristics of older communities (especially the Elm
Street corridor) can be protected through 'their
redevelopment scheme. This policy should reflext design
standards which are in accordance with the flavor of the
existing neighborhood.
POLICY 8-4 ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND PALEONTOLOGICAL RESOURCES
The environmental impact review process will determine
where development will adversely affect archaeological and
paleontological resources. A site-specific review should
also determine the most appropriate methods for mitigating
these effects. Most importantly, the City of Carlsbad
should require the implementation of these measures.
-58-
• DATA RECOVERY PLAN FOR
BATIQUITOS RIDGE SITE SDi-4358 (W-954/W-108)
Prepared for
WESTANA
4241 Jutland Drive
Suite 215
San Diego, California 92117
Prepared by
WESTEC Services, Inc.
5510 Moorehouse Drive
San Diego, California 92121-17@
July 1988
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECIIO~ Tm.g EA.GE
1 DATA RECOVERY PROORAM 1-1
1.1 Introduction 1-1
1.2 Backgroud 1-1
1.3 Why Data Recovery is Appropriate 1-1
·. 1.4 Major Research Question 1-2
l.S Specific Research Questions 1-2
1.6 Research Priorities 1-7
1.7 Data.Needs 1-7
1.8 Methods 1-7
1.9. Field Strategy 1-8
1.10 Subswface Investigations 1-9
1.11 Provisions for Encountering H~ Burials 1-13
1.12 Public Participation 1-13
1.13 Report Preparation 1-13
2 WESTEC'S FACILITIES AND PERSONNEL 2-1
2.1 WESTEC's Cultural Resource Group 2-1
2.2 Related Experience 2-1
2.3 WESTeC Personnel, Role and Commitment to the Project
(Resumes, Attachment C) 2-4
i
SECTION 1
DATA RECOVERY PROGRAM
1.0 INTRODUCTION
This Data Recovery Plan was prepared by WESTEC Services, Inc., for the study of
prehistoric site SDi-4358 (W-954/W-108). The plan was requested by the City of Carlsbad
to mitigate the adverse effects of constructing the Viewpoint project. The Data Recovery
Program includes the delineation of site boundaries, a two to five percent sample excavated
by hand and a controlled mechanical excavation of over 15 percent of the site to locate and
remove features (i.e., fire hearths and burials), analysis of artifacts and ecofacts, and
radiocarbon dating. The purpose of this study will be to address questions concerning the
chronology of occupation, intra-site patterning, diet, trade/travel, environmental setting for
the period of occupation, and refining our understanding of the site occupants tool kit
1.2 BACKGROUND
Site SDi-4358 was first recorded by Malcolm Rogers in the 1920's and described as a SDi-
lI, Lit II and Y-m site. This description identifies SDi-4358 as being first occupied around
8000 years ago to historic contact. Radiocarbon dates for this site are 5780 and 5460 years
ago. Surface artifacts include pottery, a brown jasper knife, a canalino chalcedony spear
point, fire hearths, milling tools, cores, flakes, hammerstones, a large quantity of shell
with fish bone and mammal bone, and a burial. Given the radiocarbon dates and artifacts
recovered during the testing phase, site SDi-4358 dates from 6000 years ago to historic
contact
1.3 WHY DATA RECOVERY IS APPROPRIATE
Site SDi-4358 is one of 22 sites identjfied in the Regional Historic Preservation study:
Pilot Area Survey, Carlsbad Area as an important prehistoric site (WESTEC 1978). The
importance of site SDi-4358 (W-954/W-108} is as follows: 1} it is situated in a unique •
environmental setting along a coastal lagoon; 2} the quantity of cultural remains recorded at
the site clearly indicates the potential for significant scientific research; 3} the presence of
human burials is significant to Native Americans; and 4) the presence of a buried deposit of
50 centimeters dated to 5500 years ago is significant to researchers of this period.
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Both the Early Period and Late Period of occupation are present at SDi-4358. The Early
Period includes San Dieguito and La Jolla Complex sites from 9000 to 1500 years ago.
The Late Period includes Yuman sites dated from 1500 years ago to historic contact. Site
SDi-4358 dated to 5500 years ago identifies it as a La Jolla Complex site, also referred to
as Encinitas Tradition and Millingstone Horizon.
The La Jolla Complex concept has been developed from fieldwork conducted in the 1950s
and 1960s with minimal refinement. Additionally, virtually all of the work on La Jollan
sites occurred in northern San Diego County. The Batiquitos Ridge site contains a variety
of shellfish, fish, and land mammal remains. Unique to coastal La Jollan sites is the
. presence of large amounts of shellfish and an overall lack of diagnostic tools. The lack of
stone tools in many Millingstone Horizon coastal middens has led to the belief that early
coastal occupants "La Jollans" rarely manufactured complex stone tools and, if tools were
located, they were probably taken from the earlier San Dieguito inland sites. Given the few
stone artifacts at coastal La Jollan sites, little if any work on La Jollan lithic tool technology
has been conducted. Early excavation of these kinds of sites concentrated on excavation of
burials and rock features with little interest on documenting tools or environmental data.
The presence of diagnostic tools and waste flakes at SDi-4358 is unique and valuable
providing information to assist in identifying the kinds of tools, tool technology, tool use
and material preference.
The developer and the City of Carlsbad agree that an alternative treatment such as avoidance
is not appropriate, as the site is located. within the center of the developable project area.
1.4 MAJOR RESEARCH QUESTION
Under the Advisory Council on Historic Preservation's "Ideal Data Recovery Plan," a
major research question is provided for the non-specialist to understand. It is
recommended that this question be selected from the social sciences, natural sciences and
humanities.
The environmental setting of today is not the environmental setting of 500 years ago or
6000 years ago due to dramatic natural change and historic development. To date, we have
little knowledge of the past environmental setting and how this setting was exploited. The
Batiquitos Ridge site contains a wealth of environmental data to address a natural science
question that the public can identify with, and understand. This question simply stated is:
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what was the past environmental setting of Batiquitos Lagoon from circa 6000 years ago to
historic contaet and how has this setting changed with respect to rising sea level and past
plant and animal populations?
1.5 SPECIFIC RESEARCH QUESTIONS
The research design developed for the Batiquitos Ridge prehistoric site employs regional
and locally specific questions incorporating localized study topics and data needs to
approach these questions. The specific research questions focus on chronology, diet,
subsistence change, seasonality, and intrasite variability for the period 6000 years ago to
historic contact
Although other research questions or topics may be possible for SDi-4358, we have
selected five questions that (1) could contribute significantly to the existing literature; (2) go
beyond simple site-specific analysis; (3) can potentially be answered, or at least addressed
by data present at the site; and (4) deal with questions of anthropological theory, rather than
simple description.
A. Chronology
Hypotheses suggesting from one to three discrete culture groups have occupied San Diego
County over the past 10,000 years have been presented by various researchers to explain
the numerous and unique archaeological sites in San Diego County (SDCAS 1987). Two
hypotheses are presented below for the prehistoric occupation of San Diego County.
HXPothesis 1
San Diego County is typified by three traditions, beginning with San Dieguito Tradition
(circa 10,000 to 7500 years ago) and followed by EncinitasTraditional (circa 7500 to 1000
years ago) and Y uman Tradition ( circa 1000 to historic contact) (Warren 1968).
Hypothesis 2
The earliest occupants of San Diego County are identified as a people who abandoned
drying inland lakes of our present-day desen and relocated to inland and coastal San Diego
County areas circa 8000 to 9000 years ago. These people made finely-worked stone
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•
tools, and subsisted on plant s~ mammals and marine resources of shellfish and fish.
This change from inland to coastal subsistence, and related changes in site settlement and
stone tool technology, identify what we call the La Jolla Complex.
Within the past 1500 years, Yuman people entered San Diego County from the east
bringing with them pottery, small projectile points, obsidian from Obsidian Butte, and the
practice of cremation. This period from 1500 years B.P. to historic contact is identified as
the Late Period (Gallegos 1987).
Data Needs
Radiocarbon dates identify two temporally distinct strata from which data can be collected
and analyzed to address the chronology question. These strata include the upper level (0-
20cm) and the lower level (20 to 50cm). The kinds of data to address these questions
includes shell for radiocarbon dating, diagnostic artifacts and stratigraphic integrity, which
are present at SDi-4358.
B. Diet
One view of the people occupying La Jollan sites is that they typify the Encinitas Tradition,
wherein the inhabitants subsist primarily on shellfish and plant seeds gathered from coastal
lagoon habitats with little hunting (Warren 1968). This view of the La Jollan diet results
from data collected from La Jolla Complex lagoon sites where shellfish debris is most
predominant, and in some cases, the only subsistence remains recovered.
It is important to our understanding of any prehistoric culture to reconstruct as completely
as possible the past lifeways through artifacts and ecofacts recovered. In understanding La
Jollan sites, numerous questions concerning the relationship between the culture (artifacts,
settlement, population size) and the surrounding environment need to be addressed.
Essentially the question presented is whether the site occupants depended upon specific
food resources to the exclusion of other foods, or that La Jolla Complex sites. represent
regionally-specific campsites occupied for a specific duration to fully exploit a specific
resource area. Hypotheses to ~s the dietary question are provided below:
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fbl,othesis 1
La Jollan sites primarily represent a diet of shellfish and plant foods.
Hypothesis 2
La Jollan sites represent a mix of reso\ll'Ces to include a diet of plants, mammals, shellfish,
and fish.
Data Needs
Data necessary to address the diet question includes floral and faunal remains to permit the
reconstruction of diet or dietary practices and preferences of the site occupants. The
presence of particular species of plants and animals allows for a more complete appraisal of
the various environmental niches exploited by the site occupants. Further, differences in
the horizontal and vertical deposition of the fauna! assemblage also provide information
concerning the environmental setting for the site and for changes in food selection. For
example, was the pattern of food selection and preference consistent through time or were
there noticeable changes. If changes are discernible, what probable factors could account
for this variation (i.e., culture change or environmental flux).
Methods for interpreting the data include the speciation of the recovered fauna! assemblage,
with special llttention to treatment such as butchering or evidence of cooking. Second, is
the identification of species within preferred habitats and the placement of these speciated
remains within an ecological model for the purpose of reconstructing the habitat(s)
exploited by the site occupants.
The artifacts recovered from the site can also provide inferential information with regard to
the subsistence aspects of the La Jolla complex. For example, if plant material is not
found, the presence of manos and metates provides evidence that vegetable material was
processed at the site. Further, given identified fish bone of particularly species known to
inhabit water some distance offshore, the use of waterc1aft and particular fishing
implements can be inferred.
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C. Subsistence Change
To evaluate subsistence change, one must either have a multicomponent site or a second
site well documented within this same environment. Site SDi-4358 is a multicomponent
site wherein the two components can be compared and contrasted, as to artifacts, features
and diet. All fauna! remains will be cleaned, identified, sorted and weighed for the purpose
of demonstrating the presence or absence of subsistence change.
The implication of this line of research will allow for a better understanding of diet and
dietary change or stability from 6000 years ago to historic contact.
D. Seasonality
Our understanding of the La Jollan Complex is poorly documented. Presently, two view
points prevail. One hypotaesis suggests the La Jollans were an incipient maritime culture
living close to the ocean year-round, with little change in diet. The other view states that
the La Jollans had coastal and inland campsites and would occupy these camps on a
seasonal basis.
H_ypothesis I
The Batiquitos Ridge prehistoric site was a seasonally occupied site. The site occupants
occupied this site as part of a seasonal round using both coastal and inland campsites to
fulfill their year-round subsistence needs.
Hypothesis2
The Batiquitos Ridge prehistoric site was occupied year-round. This site represents the full
range of artifacts and ecofacts to demonstrate year-round occupation.
Seasonality (i.e., what time of year was SDi-4358 C?CCupied) can be approached on the
basis of otolith analysis to identify season of fish capture; age of rabbits and ground
squirrels as well as the presence of migratory birds. If these kinds of sites can be
determined to be seasonally occupied, then other questions such as lithic resource
availability, tool technology and tool use may be explained through an understanding of a
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more mobile and diverse group of people. Subsistence and seasonal round may better
represent the research potential of this site given the wealth of available environmental data.
E. lntrasite Variability
In addressing intrasite variability, one must suspect some type of organization for coo.king,
tool maintenance and burials. Fire affected rock, small amounts of charcoal and burned
shell were recovered during testing, indicating that cooking hearths or shellfish processing
platforms are located at SDi-4358. Burials have been reported for this site but have not
been encountered. Intrasite variability will be addressed. to identify activity areas across the
site. The basis for this evaluation will be provided by unit and level results for artifact and
ecofactual data.
On the local level is should be noted that defining milling stone groups-La Jolla Complex
(description), the hypothesis of 10,000 years of continuous occupation (chronology)
coastal climatic change ( environmental setting) and prehistoric land use arc identified as
County of San Diego Significant Research Questions.
1.6 RESEARCH PRIORITIES
Many of the research questions overlap, as they address environmental setting and
prehistoric occupation. Our priorities for this study arc ( 1) Environmental Setting,
(2) Seasonality, (3) Inttasite Variability, (4) Diet, (5) Subsistence Change. and
( 6) Chronology.
1.7 DATA NEEDS
The Batiquitos Ridge site contains a wealth of environmental data to include large amounts
and variety of shell with fish, and mammal bone, tools, flakes, and angular waste. The
presence of shell throughout the site will be valuable in providing material for the daring of
units and levels in association with diagnostic tools or features. The dating of these
artifacts and features will greatly assist in addressing the questions of chronology and '
intrasite variability. The presence of shellfish will be used to document the environmental
setting, diet, and environmental change within Batiquitos Lagoon. Otoliths will be used to
identify species and season of capture in addressing the questions of diet, environmental
setting, subsistence change, and seasonality. Fish, bird, and mammal bone will be
1-7
collected, speciated, and weighed to provide data to address environmental setting and
change, seasonality, and intrasite variability. Pollen maybe used to address environmental
setting, diet, and subsistence change. Artifacts and features were analyzed with respect to
chronology, subsistence change, and intrasite variability.
1.8 METHODS
The data required to address the research questions include a broad spectrum of
environmental data to demonstrate both the environmental setting and the relationship of
site occupants (Native Americans) to this setting. The testing program demonstrates that at
least two periods of occupation can be investigated. The kinds of environmental data
necessary to apprc:>ach these questions includes both quantity and variety of shell, fish
bone. mammal bone, pollen, seeds and bird bone. Unique to this site is the location of this
site adjacent to a major lagoon.
To address the questions of chronology and intra.site variability, a number of diagnostic
tools and features need to be recovered and analysed. The previous work at this site shows r
the potential for biface tools and ornamentation but on a low quantity level. Core, flakes
and angular waste are present to provide the information necessary to address the questions
of material preference and tool technology. Features (i.e. fire hearths, cooking platforms)
should also be present, given previous work and the variety and quantity of cultural
material.
1.9 FIELD STRATEGY
WESTEC proposes a multi-phased program combining surface and subsurface
investigations, laboratory analysis of artifacts and faunal remains, and specialized
laboratory studies. ~c methods and goals of each of these phases are discussed below.
Surface Investigations
Four tasks are proposed to complete the surface investigations. Included are vegetation
removal, establishment of a grid system, collection of all sulf ace artifacts, and soil
phosphate testing.
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Veietation Removal: Since the surface distribution of artifacts and fauna! remains can be
an imponant indicator of site structure, the vegetation at SDi-4358 (W-108) will be
completely cleared. Depending on the density of vegetation when the study is begun, the
vegetation will be removed by hand.
Establishment of a Grid System: Once the vegetation is removed, a grid system consisting
of 10-by-10 m squares will be laid out. A site datum will be chosen near the approximate
center of the site and a north-south, east-west baseline will be established. Each 10-by-10
m square will be designated by the distance from datum in meters measured from the
southwest comer of the square.
The location of each site datum will be plotted on 1 "=400' contour maps using permanent
• geographic featutes or recorded bench marks or the SDG&E Tower for reference. The grid
system and all mapping will be done using True North.
Surface Artifacts Collection: All of the exposed anifacts in each 10-by-10 m square will be
collected and bagged by square. Each bag will be marked will the trinomial site number,
collection square designation (e.g., 20N/40E), date, and name of the crew member
collecting that square.
A field form recording the types and quantities of artifacts collected will be completed for
each collection square. These data will be used in producing a surface density map and will
help in determining site boundaries.
Soil Phosphate Tustin&
Testing of soil for phosphate (pH content is proposed to help define site boundaries and to
identify areas of concentrated activity within each site. Phosphorus, in the form of
phosphates, is deposited in soil by rocks, plants, animals,and by human acivity. The most
sizable contribution to the phosphate content in soil is from human activity (Eidt 1984).
therefore, variation in soil pH can be used as an indicator of intensity of human activity.
The testing will consist of chemical analysis of soil samples taken at regular intervals
throughout the sites. These samples will be taken at a depth of 15 cm below the surface
from the comer of each 10-by-10 m grid square. If variations in pH are found within the
sites, samples will be taken at smaller intervals to better define the limits of variation.
1-9
1.10 SUBSURFACE INVESTIGATIONS
Included in the subsurface investigations are shovel test pits (STPs), controlled 1 x 1 m test
units and backhoe trenching. Using the data generated from the STPs, site boundaries for
primary and secondary site area will be made.
Shovel Test Pits: Hand-excavated STPs will will be placed at 10 m intervals, i.e., an STP
will be placed at each corner of each of the 10-by-10 m grid squares. This will include
approximately 40 STPs. The STPs will be excavated in arbitrary levels of approximately
10 cm and all of the soil will be screened through 1/8" mesh hardware cloth. All of the
material collected will be soned in the field and placed in· plastic bags. Each bag will be
marked with the trinomial site number, the STP coordinate designation from the site datum
in meters ( e.g., 40N/OE), date, and name of the crew member excavating the STP. A field
form recording changes in soil and the types and quantities of materials collected will be
completed for each 10 cm level of each STP.
Excavation of Controlled 1-by-1 m Test Units: We propose to excavate 30 randomly
selected 1-by-l m units. All of the 1-by-l m units will be excavated by hand in 10 cm
levels. The soil will be screened through 1/8" mesh hardware cloth, and all of the material
collected from each level will be soned in the field and placed in plastic bags. Each bag
will be marked with the trinomial site number, the unit coordinate designation from the site
datum in meters (e.g., 15S/27E), date, and name of the crew members excavating the unit.
A field form recording changes in soil, and the types and quantities of materials collected
will be completed for each level of each unit.
Three of the thirty units will be selected for wet screening micro-sorting. Two addition
units will be selected from the block exposure and feature units. Each 10 cm level will be
thoroughly examined for artifacts, and plant and animal remains.
Feature and Block Exposures
After the excavation of 30 random sample units, units containing features such as hearths
and burials will be expanded to the size necessary to fully expose and document the feature.
In addition to the feature exposures, one to two, 4 by 4 qi block exposures will be
excavated to identify activity areas within the primary site area. After features are located,
1-10
they will be manually excavated, and photographed/illustrated. If charcoal or shell is
available, then radiocarbon dating will be conducted. Soil from select hearths will be
floated for macro flora and fauna remains.
Backhoe Excavations
The last task is the backhoe excavation to locate additional features. Up to 10 features will
be fully exposed and documented. and all burials encountered will be treated with respect to
Native American concerns.
Generally random sample units provides a set of data as to what to expect from this type of
site. The block exposures and backhoe trenching will focus on features which are, in most
cases, centers of activity. Hearth features and burials will be compared and contrasted to
other features in the Batiquitos Lagoon region and San Diego County in general.
Laboratory Analysis
All artifacts and ecofacts collected from both sites will be taken to the WESTEC Cultural
Resources laboratory for processing and analysis. Cataloging will follow standard
procedures and will include basic data such as count, weight, condition, provenience, and
catalogue number. •
Following sorting and cataloging, specialized studies will be performed. Analysis of
marine shell will include identification of genus and species, where possible, quantity of
whole and hinge fragments, and weights by species. These data will be used to identify
variation in horizontal and vertical distribution and to identify areas exploited by the
prehistoric inhabitants.
Artifacts will be studied to identify the sources of materials used, method of manufacture,
and artifact function. The artifacts will be sorted into classes, e.g., chipped stone, ground
stone, shell, etc., and studied using the specialized techniques appropriate for that class.
Shell Analysis
Shell analysis will include speciation, weighing and quantification of actual species.
Should questions arise as to speciation, these will be referred to WESTEC's Marine
1-11
Biology Staff .. Use of this data will contribute to answering questions regarding diet,
intrasite variability, environmental setting/change and provide shell for radiocarbon dating.
Bird Bone
For bird bone, either Ms Lynne Christenson or Dr. Stuan Waner will be consulted.
WESTEC has worked previously with Ms. Christenson and Dr. Warter for the Windsong
Shores and Ballast Point Data Recovery Programs (Gallegos and Cameo 1984, Gallegos
and Kyle 1988). Dr. Waner is presently an instructor at California State University at
Long Beach and provides consulting services for the on-going La Brea Tar Pits study.
Fish Bone
Fish bone analysis will be conducted by Mark Roeder. Mr. Roeder was the fish bone
analyst for both Windsong Shores and Ballast Point projects, and presently provides
technical assistance for the Natural History Museum of San Diego.
Land Mammals Bone
This analysis will be conducted by Ms Lynne Christenson. Ms Christenson is a Phd
Arizona State University candidate and conducts at faunal studies on a regular basis for
WESTEC Services.
Otolith Analysis
Otolith (fish earbone) Analysis will be conducted by R.W. Huddleston of Scientific
Research Systems. Analysis will concentrate on season of capture followed by species and
size. Otolith selection will be based on presence and location within the upper and lower
components and potential for this data set to be integrated with other specialized analyses
(i.e., artifacts, faunal remains and radiocarbon dated level).
Pollen Analysis
Pollen analysis may be used if appropriate soils are located which will contribute to
understanding the environmental setting and environmental change. Pollen samples may be
taken from both the upper and lower components.
1-12
Pollen analysis will be conducted by Dr. Roben Q. Gutzler. Dr. Gultzer is presently
working at the San Diego Natural History Museum and has worked previously with
WESTEC for the Ballast Point Data Recovery Program.
Radiocarbon Datins
To approach the question of chronology additional radiocarbon dates will be necessary.
These additional dates will assist in identifying upper and lower limits of each strata and
dating features, stratigraphic anomalies and diagnostic artifacts. A minimum of 10
radiocarbon dates will be processed.
Compatj.son of past collections (testing programs) with other site collections will be made
to place the site in the context of overall chronology and settlement pattern. Where
collections are relevant, they will be reviewed and compared.
1.11 PROVISIONS FOR ENCOUNTERING HUMAN BURIALS
There is the possibility that Native American human remains will be encountered. Should
human remains be encountered, the Principal Investigator shall contact the San Diego
Coroner's office and the Native American Heritage Commission.
Prior to starting fieldwork at the Batiquitos Ridge prehistoric site,the Native American
Heritage Commission will be contacted by WESTEC via letter for the purpose of
identifying a Native American who shall advise WESTEC of Native American concerns,
should human remains be encountered. WESTEC field crews will be notified, prior to
field work, that should they encounter human remains, they are to stop work immediately
in the unit being excavated. The Native American advisor shall be contacted to review and
to provide input as to further action. Alternatives for the disposition of human remains will
include: (1) leaving human remains in situ; (2) removing human remains for analysis and
curation; (3) removing human remains for analysis and reburial by Native Americans and
(4) removing human remains with no analysis for reburial by Native Americans.
1-13
1.12 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION
The public will be informed. of the project through an ongoing process of (1) a presentation
given to the Carlsbad Historic Preservation Commission, interested groups and through the
distribution of final reports with state and local agencies.
1.13 REPORT PREPARATION
Upon completion of the fieldwork and laboratory analyses, WESTEC will produce a draft
report for review by the City of Carlsbad. The final report will include a discussion of the
research design, field meth~ and provide the results of the Data Recovery Program with
respect to the research questions posed.
1-14
SECTION 2
WESTEC'S FACILITIES AND PERSONNEL
2.1 WESTEC'S CULTURAL RESOURCE GROUP
WESTEC has conducted cultural resource projects for over 10 years in California,
Nevada, and Arizona. Our staff of 8 full-time supervisory archaeologists have graduate
degrees in either anthropology, archaeology, or history. Additionally, supervisory
archaeologists at WESTEC have field and management experience totaling more than 90
years, collectively. A brief summary of WESTEC's related experience dealing with
regulations on the local, state, and federal level are listed below:
WESTEC has considerable experience in planning and completing all phases of cultural
resource investigations, including the initial literature and archival research, site survey,
testing, and data recovery. In addition to permanent staff members, WESTEC employs
highly-skilled personnel, experienced in field and laboratory techniques. WESTEC
maintains a 2,000-sq ft laboratory, organized to facilitate the full-range of tasks required for
the successful completion of cultural resource projects. A full staff maintains adjoining
offices for management of field operations and direction of catalog and curation
procedures, data analysis, and report compilation. Requirements for cataloging procedures
are performed in an area specifically designed for these tasks. The use of digital gram
scales and calipers enables reliable data to be generated in a short period of time.
Temporary curatorial services are incorporated into laboratory storage in preparation for
transfer of cataloged collections to an approved repository.
A microcomputer is also located in the laboratory to facilitate research and to handle the
processing, tabulation, and management of the archaeological data. In addition to
containing all instruments and materials necessary for cataloging, analyses, and
documentation, WESTEC's cultural resource laboratory houses all field, survey and
excavation equipment necessary for the successful completion of cultural resource projects.
2-1
2.2. RELATED EXPERIENCE
Equivalent Projects (Attachment A)
WESTECs experience in similar cultural resource studies are listed below by project title
and description.
Project Title: Five Thousand Years of Maritime Subsistence at Ballast Point Prehistoric
Site SDi-48 <W-1§4) San Diego, California, Authored and edited by Dennis Gallegos and
Carolyn Kyle 1988,
Description
Data Recovery Program for a prehistoric coastal shell midden site, adjacent to San Diego
Bay in San Diego County, that included controlled excavation of 30 test units in
conjunction with limited backhoe trenching to determine site boundaries and the extent and
richness of the midden deposit. Following extensive analyses, a report was prepared
according to requirements of Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act of
1966, and Regulations 36 CFR 60 and 36 CFR 800. It has been reviewed and approved
by State Historic Preservation Office (SHPO) and the Federal Advisory Council.
Project Title: Excavation of a Ponion of Ystagua; A Coastal Valley Ipai Settlement,
Authored by Richard L. Carrico.
Desgiption:
Testing of an ethnologically recorded prehistoric/historic village site in San Diego County
that included controlled excavation of test units that extended to over 1 m in depth. The
test was designed to assess the intensity, depth, and type of cultural deposit present. A
report was prepared for the City of San Diego City Environmental Planning staff
complying with federal regulations set forth by the National Register of Historic Places.
Project Title: Subsurface Testine Fromm to Identify and Evaluate Cultural Resources for
the Santa Barbara Retail Revitalization Project Authored by Dennis Gallegos (with
Richard Carrico and Steve Van Wormer), December, 1986.
2-2
Description
A testing program, directed by Mr. Dennis Gallegos, included controlled excavation of 14,
2 x 2 m units, supplemented by backhoe trenching to identify and access the cultural
resources located below the streets of Santa Barbara, California. Subsequent analyses
revealed the presence of two historic periods (Mexican and Early American Periods). A
professional repon was produced complying with CEQA legislation and satisfying
requirements of the Qty of Santa Barbara Redevelopment Agency.
Interaction with Agencies
WESTEC has been successfully involved with governing agencies on the local, state, and
federal level, in conjunction with cultural resource projects ranging from initial survey to
final data recovery programs. A brief summary of our agencies interaction follows below. •
Federal Agencies
WESTEC has been a prime contractor with the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers in an open-
ended contract for cultural resource management and assessment for all Military Facilities in
southern California, Arizona, and Nevada. Duties within this contract included literature
and archival research projects (DERP Tierrasanta Project, San Diego County), preliminary
testing programs ( White Point, Palos Verdes Peninsula, Los Angeles County and Point
Loma Submarine Base, San Diego County), and final data recovery programs (Yuma
Proving Grounds, Arizona). WESTEC staff members are knowledgeable in U.S. Army
Corps of Engineers' policy and experienced in complying with federal regulations
involving eligibility for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places. Additionally,
WESTEC personnel are famHiar with the guidelines for the National Environmental Policy
Act (NEPA).
State Agencies
WESTEC personne: are experienced in evaluating site importance as per the California
Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). The staff is familiar with these regulations and in
producing final reports dealing with such matters as WESTEC' s cultural resource work in
California is prepared to these specifications.
2-3
California Coastal Commission
WESTEC has recently worked with the Coastal Commission on the Green Dragon
Historical Study, La Jolla California. WESTEC works within the Coastal Commission's
area of review on a regular basis.
Local Agencies
WESTEC's personnel are experienced in dealing with local agencies, such as the City of
Carlsbad, City of San Diego and the County of San Diego. These various agencies have
requirements that deal with academic standards, professional ethics, and legal compliance.
Involvement generally requires continued updating of agency personnel, interaction
between developers, the community at large, and the governing agency. Frequently,
meetings are necessary to facilitate discussion and to keep all involved members apprised of.
the current status of a project. Often, discussions of this nature will help to alleviate
potential problems or misunderstandings between the interested parties. WESTEC
personnel are well-qualified to serve as coordinators in projects which requite ex~nsive
liaison, or policy development between special interest groups and/or agencies.
WESTEC has recent dealt with Native American concerns with regards to human remains
recovered from the village of Ystagua and Roger's Ridge, site W-182 in Carlsbad.
2.3 WESTEC PERSONNEL, ROLE AND COMMITMENT TO THE PROJECT
(RESUMES, ATTACHMENT C)
Manager Cultural Resource Group -Richard Carrico
Mr. Carrico's experience in cultural resources spans nearly two decades. He has
participated in various archaeological projects throughout southern California, Arizona,
Nevada, and Mexico. Mr. Carrico currently manages the Cultural Resource Division at
WESTEC Services, Inc. and has been a senior archaeologist involved in planning and
management for the past 15 years. Mr. Carrico's work has permitted him to gain
experience in cultural resource management, historical research, historical archaeology and
ethnohistorical research and analysis. Mr. Carrico holds Certification from San Diego,
Orange and Santa Barbara Counties, and is also a member of the Society of Professional
Archaeologists (SOPA) in cultural resource management and historical research.
2-4
Principal Investigator/Project Manager -Dennis Gallegos
Mr. Gallegos has conducted cultural resource studies in southern California since 1969.
His involvement includes direction of over 100 archaeological studies throughout the
southern California desert and coastal regions. Much of Mr. Gallegos work has been
concentrated on coastal shell midden sites near Batiquitos Lagoon in San Diego County.
Projects near Batiquitos Lagoon completed by Mr. Gallegos include 1) Early and Late
Period occupation at Rogers Ridge (SDi-4845, W-182); 2) Cultural Resource Testing
Program for four sites along La Costa A venue; 3) Cultural and Paleontological Survey and
Testing for Pacific Rim; 4) Cultural Resource Survey for the Costa Brava Resort Hotel; 5).
Archaeological Survey of the Batiquitos Lagoon Propeny; 6) Archaeological Test Programs
for W-923 and W-182; 7) an Archaeological Historical Survey of the Grosse-Carlsbad
Property; 8) Archaeological Investigation of the Sea Bluff Property; 9) an Archaeological
Test Program of the Mola Property; 10) Excavation of Digueiio/lpai Subsistence Camps
Above Encinitas Creek:_a Data Recovery Program; and 11) the La Costa Site, SDi-4405
CW-945) 7000 years before present. Publication completed by Mr. Gallegos on prehistoric
sites near Batiquitos Lagoon include: 1) Batiquitos Lagoon Revisited; 2) Early Man and a
Cultural Chronology for Batiquitos Lagoon; 3) Review and Synthesis of Environmental
and Cultural Material for the Batiqui~s Lagoon Region; 4) and Antiquity and Adaptation in
San Diego and Orange Counties.
In his role as Principal Investigator/Project Manager, Mr. Gallegos will coordinate with the
and Field/Lab Director on the formulation of research questions, development of field and
laboratory methods necessary to implement the research design, and ensure that the field
operations and laboratory analyses are organized with respect to project goals.
Mr. Gallegos, while assuring these tasks are completed in a timely and cost-efficient
manner, will also be responsible for the preparation of major portions of the technical
report. He will ensure the production of a final report that meets the standards as required
by City of Carlsbad.
Field and Laboratory Director -Carolyn Kyle
Carolyn Kyle, Field and Laboratory Director holds Bachelor's and Master's degrees in
Anthropology from San Diego State University. Acting in a supervisory capacity, Ms.
2-5
Kyle will be responsible for directing WESTEC's fieldwork and laboratory analyses and
for preparation of portions of the final repon.
Ms. Kyle has over 8 years of professional experience in San Diego County cultural
resource studies, much of it in a supervisory capacity. Most recently, Ms. Kyle directed
field excavations and laboratory analyses for the Ballast Point Site, a single-component site
located on Point Loma; and, for the Data Recovery Program for Westwood Valley. Her
supervisory role consisted of field direction for over 20 crew members and implementing
field decisions, as well as completing site notes, records and mapping. Ms. Kyle served as
project archaeologist for the mitigation of ten cultural resource sites ethnographically
identified as a portion of the Late Prehistoric Village of Bernardo. Responsibilities
included initial input during the planning stages of the project organization and strategy,
direction of field personnel during testing and mapping, and organization and supervision
of the laboratory crew. Ms. Kyle was also responsible for the preparation of the computer-
aided tables and graphics, coordination of consultants and technical specialists, and
preparation of the final technical repon.
Additionally, Ms. Kyle has been active in the professional community, both publishing and
presenting symposium papers, lecturing to associations, and is currently employed as a
Field and Laboratory Director for WESTEC.
Supervisory Archaeologist
WESTEC maintains a staff of archaeologists, experienced in cultural resource management
Their responsibilities will be to act in a technical suppon capacity. For this study, Mr.
Andrew Pigniolo will assist Ms. Kyle in the completion of field and lab duties.
Andrew Pigniolo received his Bachelor's degree in anthropology from San Diego State
University and is persuing his Masters degree. He has been actively involved in cultural
resource management programs for the past eight years. The majority of Mr. Pigniolo's
work has taken place in southern California and the desen regions of Arizona. He has
extensive field experience to include survey, mapping, surface collection, excavation and
monitoring, as well as laboratory analysis. Mr. Pigniolo is extremely compentent in the
field identification and speciation of marine shell remains and identification of lithic
materials. Mr. Pigniolo has led field projects and directed others in various techniques
2-6
involving both field and laboratory work, and is also experienced in preparing technical
reports.
2-7
APPENDIX C
NOISE LETTER REPORT
,,~ WESTEC Services, Inc.
5510 Morehouse Dliw. San Diego. CA 92121-1709
(619) 458-9044
Ms. Adrienne Landers
Associate Planner
City of Carlsbad
2005 Las Pa1mas Drive
Carlsbad, CA 92009-4859
88-1078-E
September 26, 1988
Subject: Acoustical Analysis for Viewpoint Tentative Tract Map
Dear Ms. Landers:
WESTEC Services has conducted an acoustical analysis for the proposed
Viewpoint Subdivision located in the City of Carlsbad. The results of this letter repon ~
based on review of the Tentative Tract Map (85-34) and preliminary building plans for the
project.
Methodoloc: Noise levels for the future noise environment were determined using the
Federal Highway Administration's (FHW A) Noise Model-Stamina 2.0. The analysis
assumed that cars make up 97 percent of the traffic; medium trucks, 2 percent; and heavy
trucks, 1 percent. This vehicle composition is based on conversations with the City Traffic
Engineer (Bob Johnson) who indicated that Alga Road will not be a truck route. Average
Daily Traffic (AD'I) volumes along Alga Road at "Buildout" (24,400 AD'I) were obtained
from SANDAG's traffic projections for the Carlsbad General Plan. A Grade adjustment
factor was used to account for the uphill portion of the roadway. The traffic speed was
assumed to be 40 mph along Alga Road.
Potential Noise Impacts: In the future, noise levels are predicted to increase to
approximately 68 dB(A) CNEL adjacent to Lot 1 (the closest lot to Alga Road). The City's
proposed noise ordinance specifics that residential areas exposed to exterior noise from
Circulation Element roadways must be mitigated to levels of 60 dB (A) CNEL. Therefore,
some residents of the proposed project could be subject to significant noise impacts if noise
mitigation measures are not implemented.
Miri&ation; To mitigate the projected exterior noise effects, the FHW A Stamina 2.0 noise
model was used to determine the effectiveness of noise walls and screened second-story
balconies to reduce· exterior noise exposure to the acceptable 60 dB (A) CNEL levels. The
noise model indicated that a 4-to 6-foot high barrier along the top of the slope at the rear of
Lots 44-47 and a 6.5 foot barrier at Lot I would mitigate noise levels in the yards adjacent
to Alga Road and at the first-floor windows. .
In order to mitigate noise " ... immediately above the highest window or door
opening in a dwelling unit " as required by the City's proposed ordinance, a combination
wall and tempered glass screen will be required for second-story balconies facing Alga
Road on Lots 1 and 45-47. The dimensions of the balconies and noise mitigation walls are
shown in the attached figures and in Table 1. No other windows will require noise
treatment.
Mr. Don Fontana
September 26, 1988
Page2
The materials used in the construction of the barrier are required to have a minimum
surface density of 3.5 pounds per square feeL They may consist of masonry material,
wood, 5/8 inch plexiglass, 1/4 inch plate glass or a combination of these materials. The
banier must be designed so there are no openings or cracks.
With the measures discussed above, interior noise levels would be reduced to 45
dB (A) CNEL or below. No other noise mitigation would be required. In order to ensure
implementation of these noise mitigation measures, it is our understanding that a condition
of approval of the Tentative Tract Map will require that the planning department review the
building plans for Lots 1 and 44-47. Please call me if you have any questions regarding
this analysis.
MK/dp
cc: File #38118001
Sincerely,
7J?~:PO?~
Mike Komula
Acoustician
NOISE ANALYSIS FOR VIEWPOINT
CITY OF CARLSBAD
April 19, 1988
Prepared For:
Hunsaker and A~ociates
6122 Nancy Ridge Dr., Suite 101
San Diego, CA 92121
Prepared By:
Vince Mestre, P.E., Principal
MESTRE GREVE ASSOCIATES
280 Newport Center Drive, Suite 230
Newport Beach, CA 92660
(714)760-0891
MESTRE GREVE ASSOCIATES
NOISE ANALYSIS FOR VIEWPOINT
CITY OF CARLSBAD
1.0 INTRODUCTION
Mestre Greve Associates
Page 1
The purpose of this report is to demonstrate compliance of the Viewpoint project with the noise
related 'Conditions of Approval' placed on the project by the.City of Carlsbad. The project calls for
t,he development of single family homes. The report addresses the future exterior noise levels
within the project site.
The project is located on Alga Road (Exhibit 1). This roadway is the only major noise source in the
project vicinity. This study determines the need for any exterior mitigation measures to provide
adequate protection from noise levels associated with traffic noise from Alga Road.
2.0 NOISE CRITERIA
The City of Carlsbad specifies outdoor and indoor noise limits for residential land-uses. Both
standards are based upon the CNEL index. CNEL or Community Noise Equivalent Level is a 24
hour time weighted annual average noise level. Time weighting refers to the fact that noise that
occurs during certain sensitive time periods is penalized for occurring at these times. The evening
time period (7 PM to 10 PM) penalizes noises by 5 dB while nighttime (10 PM to 7 AM) noises are
penalized by 10 dB. These time periods and penalties were selected to reflect peoples sensitivity to
noise as a function of activity.
The project must comply with the outdoor noise standard for exterior living areas of 65 dB CNEL.
The indoor noise standard is 45 dB CNEL. This report presents measures that are necessary to
comply with the exterior noise standard.
3.0 METHODOLOGY
The noise levels projected in the next section of this report were computed using the Highway
Noise Model published by the Federal Highway Administration ("FHW A Highway Traffic Noise
Prediction Model", FHW A-RD-77-108, December 1978). The FHW A Model uses traffic volume,
vehicle mix, vehicle speed, and roadway geometry to compute the "equivalent noise level". A
computer code has been written which computes equivalent noise levels for each of the time periods
used in CNEL. Weighting these noise levels and summing them results in the CNEL for the traffic
projections used. CNEL contours are found by iterating over many distances until the distance to
60, 65, and 70 CNEL contours are found.
Mitigation through the design and construction of a noise barrier (wall, berm, or combination
wall/berm) is the most common way of alleviating traffic noise impacts. The effect of a noise
barrier is critically dependent on the geometry between the noise source and the receiver. A noise
•
Mestre Greve Associates
Page 3
noise exposure. Topographic effects are included in subsequent analyses to detennine the actual
noise exposure on the project site. In addition, these projections do not include any future vehicle
noise reduction assumptions to take into account the effects of legislation requiring quieter vehicles
in the future.
Table 3
DISTANCE TO NOISE CONTOURS
FOR FUTURE TRAFFIC CONDITIONS
ROADWAY SEGMENT
Alga Road
DISTANCE TO CNEL CONTOUR
FROM ROADWAY CENTERLlNE (ft)
-70--65--60-
40 87 187
The results in Table 3 and the site plan indicate that some of lots along Alga Road will be exposed
to noise levels greater than 65 CNEL. Lot 1 will experience a worst case noise level of 65.1 CNEL.
Mitigation measures are discussed in the next section.
5.0 EXTERIOR NOISE MITIGATION
Exterior noise mitigation is required for the rear yard areas along Alga Road. An effective method
of reducing the traffic noise level to an acceptable level is with a noise barrier. Representative cross
sections along Alga Road were analyzed utilizing the FHW A Model to detennine the necessary
noise barrier heights. The analysis data is given in the Appendix.
The results of the analysis indicate that noise barriers will be required for Lots 1 and 47 tbrou&b 50 alona Alp Road. A noise barrier with a height of 4.0 feet is required. Lots 49 through 50 may not
require a barrier depending on building orientation and the final precise grading plans. However,
for optimum noise mitigation a perimeter wall continuing from Lot 47 to Lot 50 is recommended.
The noise barrier should be located at top of slope (Exhibit 2). This wall will reduce the exterior
noise levels to less than 65 CNEL. After mitigation, the worst case yard (Lot 1) will experience a
traffic noise level of 62. 7 CNEL.
Mestre Greve Associates
Page 4
The noise barrier is required to have a surface density of at least 3.5 pounds per square foot, and
have no openings or cracks. They may be constructed of 1/4 inch plate glass, 5/8 inch plexiglass,
any masonry material, or a combination of these materials. Wood and other materials may be
acceptable if properly designed as noise barriers.
6.0 INTERIOR NOISE MITIGATION
The proposed project must comply with the interior noise standard of 45 CNEL. To comply with·
the interior noise standard the buildings must provide sufficient outdoor to indoor building
attenuation to reduce the noise levels down to acceptable levels. The outdoor to indoor noise
reduction characteristics of a building are determined by combining the transmission loss of each of
ihe building elements which make up the building. Each unique building element has a
characteristic transmission loss. For residential units the critical building elements are the roof,
walls, windows, doors, attic configuration and insulation. The total noise reduction achieved is
dependent on the transmission loss of each element and the area of that element in relation to the
total surf ace area of the room. Room absorption is the final factor used in determining the total
noise reduction.
The homes in the project will experience an approximate worst case noise exposure of 64.5 CNEL
(based on a rear yard depth of 20 feet), resulting in a maximum building attenuation requirement of
19.5 d.BA to meet the City of Carlsbad 45 CNEL interior noise standard. Detailed engineering
calculations which demonstrate the noise reduction levels are necessary for residential building
attenuation requirements of greater than 20 dB.
Some homes in the project will be exposed to noise levels which are greater than 57 CNEL. With
windows open, the outdoor to indoor noise reduction of a building falls to 12 d.BA. In order to
assume that windows can remain closed to achieve this required attenuation, adequate ventilation
with windows closed must be provided per Uniform Building Code. This can be achieved with
mechanical ventilation to provide fresh air. The system must supply two air changes per hour to
each habitable room including 20% fresh make-up air obtained directly from the outside. The fresh
air inlet duct shall be of sound attenuating construction and shall consist of a minimum of ten feet of
straight or curved duct, or six feet plus one sharp 90 degree bend. Air ·conditioning is an adequate
. substitution for mechanical ventilation. Mechanical ventilation is reqyired for Lots 1, 39 and 47-50
due to traffic noise, Other interior mitigation measures may be required. An complete interior
mitigation analysis is required when architectural plans become available at the time of building
permit application.
t
Mestre Greve Associates
• Page 5
APPENDIX
DATA USED TO DESIGN NOISE BARRIERS
DESIGN DATA -ALGA ROAD
Road Distance Base Of Dist To Pad Observer
Lat Elevation To Wall Wall Observer • Elevation Height
1 171 74 185 79 185 5
50 187 120 222 125 222 5
49 191.7 104 222 109 222 5
48 199 100 222 105 222 5
47 202 80 222 85 222 5
46 202 160 221 165 221 5
-3-
Table 1
TRIP GENERATION
Alga Road Residential
TIME PERIOD TRIP ENDS PER GENERATED TRIPS
DWELL ING UN IT (101 DU 1 s-RL)
Daily 10 1100
PM Peak Hour
In 0.8 90
Out 0.2 20
Total 1.0 llO
Table 2
ICU SUMMARY
At Project Completion
Alga Road Residential
INTERSECTION
El Camino Real/La Costa Avenue
ICU
LOS
El Camino Real/Alga Road-College Blvd.
ICU
LOS
Melrose Avenue/Rancho Santa Fe Road-Corintia
ICU
LOS
Existing
0.98
E
0.45
A
-4-
ICU/LOS (1)
Existing Existing Existing
+Other(2) +Other(2) +Other(2)
+Project +Project
W/Imprv.
1.21
F
0.62
B
1.21
F
0.63
B
0.65
B
0.34
A
(1) ICU=Intersection Capacity Utilization, LOS=Level of Service
(2) Other Projects:
La Costa Southwest Phase 1 (SWl-4)
La Costa SE 16
La Costa SE 18-21
Parcel 095
The Meadows
Meadow Ridge
SW Corner Alga/Melrose
Alicante Views
Alicante Hills Crossroads
Alicante View Apartments
Casa Loma Condos
La Costa Valley Terrace
-5-
Camino Real/Alga Road and El Camino Real/La Costa Avenue intersections. These
analyses are contained in Appendix Band summarized in Table 2. As indicated
in Table 2, the El Camino Real/Alga Road intersection maintains an acceptab1e
Level of Service while capacity problems continue at the El Camino Real/La
Costa Avenue intersection.
The City is currently reviewing an improvement plan for the El Camino Real/la
Costa Avenue intersection. With the proposed improvements, the intersection
would be able to accommodate the projected traffic demand with an ICU value
of 0.65 or Level of Service B. The ICU analysis is contained in Appendix B
and summarized in Table 2. Due to the location of this project, it does not
add traffic to critical movements and the ICU value is unchanged as indicated
in Table 2.
The Rancho Santa Fe Road/Melrose Avenue intersection was also examined at pro-
ject completion. These analyses assumed the improvement of the intersection as
required for adjacent development. With these improvements and projected traffic
demands, the intersection would operate with an ICU value of 0.34 or Level of
Service A during the PM peak hour.
The City has developed a Traffic Model to simulate travel demands at build out
of the General Plan. This Model projects a daily volume of 13,700 vehicles on
Alga Road westerly of El Camino Real which is within the daily capacity range
of a Secondary Arterial of 10,000 to 20,000 vehicles. The Mode1 also provides
peak hour taffic projections which can be utilized to analyze future traffic
operations. Appendix C contains ICU analyses of three intersections at General
Plan build out and the results are summarized in Table 3. As indicated in
Table 3, some improvements in addition to standard intersection geometrics will
be required. These improvements include dual left turn lanes, right turn lanes /
and similar improvements. As indicated in Table 3, significant reduction in
ICU values can be obtained. A detailed analyses of future needs is currently
underway and the results are anticipated to be available in early 1986. These
preliminary analyses do indicate that mitigation is possible with reasonable
improvements.
INTERSECTION
Table 3
ICU Surmnary
At General Plan Buildout
Alga Road Residential
El Camino Real/La Costa Avenue
ICU
LOS
El Camino Real/Alga Road-College Blvd.
ICU
LOS
Melrose Avenue/Rancho Santa Fe Road-Corintia
ICU
LOS
General
1.50
F
1.56
F
-6-
ICU/LOS (l}
Plan General Plan
W/ Imprv.
1.01
F
0.88
D
1.04
F
(1) ICU=Intersection Capacity Utilizdtion; LOS=Level of Service
APPENDIX A
EXPLANATION OF INTERSECTION CAPACITY UTILIZATION
AND
LEVEL OF SERVICE
APPENDIX A
EXPLANATION OF INTERSECTION CAPACITY UTILIZATION
The capacity of a street is nearly always greater between intersections and less
at intersections. The reason for this is that the traffic flows continuously
between intersections and only part of the time at intersections. To study
intersection capacity, a technique known as Intersection Capacity Utilization
(ICU) has been developed. ICU analysis consists of (a) determining the pro-
portion of signal time needed to serve each conflicting movement; (b) summing
the times for the movements; and (c) comparing the total time required to the
time available. For example, if for north-south traffic the northbound traffic
is 1,000 vehicles per hour, the southbound traffic is 800 vehicles per hour, and
the capacity of either approach is 2,000 vehicles per hour of green, then the
northbound traffic is critical and requires l,000/2,000 or 50 percent of the
signal time. If for the east-west traffic, 40 percent of the signal time is
required, then it can be seen that the ICU is 50-plus 40, or 90 percent. When
left-turn phases exist, they are incorporated into the analysis. As ICU's
approach 100 percent, the quality of traffic service approaches Level of Service
(LOS) E, as defined in the Highway Capacity Manual, Special Report 87, Highway
Research Board, 1965.
Level of Service is used to describe quality of traffic flow. Levels of Service
A to C operate quite well. Level of Service Dis typically the Level of Service
for which an urban street is designed. Level of Service Eis the maximum volume
a facility can accommodate and will result in possible stoppages of momentary
duration. Level of Service F occurs when a facility is overloaded and is
characterized by stop-and-go traffic with stoppages of long duration. A des-
cription of the various levels of service appears on the following page.
The ICU calculations assume that an intersection is signalized and that the
signal is ideally timed. Although calculating ICU for an unsignalized inter-
section is not valid, the presumption is that a signal can be installed and the
calculation shows whether the geometrics are capable of accommodating the ex-
pected volumes. It is possible to have an ICU well below 1.0, yet have severe
traffic congestion. This would-occur because one or more movements is not
getting enough time to satisfy its demand with excess time existing on other
moves.
Capacity is often defined in terms of roadway width. However, standard lanes
have approximately the same capacity whether they are 11 foot or 14 foot lanes.
Our data indicates a typical lane, whether a through lane or left-turn lane has
a capacity of approximately 1600 vehicles per lane per hour of green time. The
Highway Capacity Manual found capacity to be about 1500 vehicles per lane per
hour of green for through lanes and 1200 vehicles per lane per hour of green
for left-turn lanes. However, the capacity manual is based on pre-1965 data,
and recent studies and observations show higher capacities in the southern
California area. For this study a capacity of 1600 vehicles per lane has been
assumed for through traffic, and 1600 vehicles per lane for turning lanes.
APPENDIX A
LEVEL OF SERVICE DESCRIPTIONS
Level of
Service
A Low volumes; high speeds; speed not restricted
by other vehicles; all signal cycles clear with
no vehicles waiting through more than one signal
cycle.
B Operating speeds beginning to be affected by
other traffic; between one and ten percent of
the signal cycles have one or more vehicles
which wait through more than one signal cycle
during peak traffic periods.
C Operating speeds and maneuverability closely
controlled by other traffic; between 11 and
30 percent of the signal cycles have one or
more vehicles which wait through more than
one signal cycle during peak traffic periods;
recommended ideal design standard.
D Tolerable operating speeds; 31 to 70 percent
of the signal cycles have one or more vehicles
which wait through more than one signal cycle
during peak traffic periods; often used as
design standard in urban areas.
E Capacity; the maximum traffic volumes an inter-
section can accommodate; restricted speeds; 71
to 100 percent of the signal cycles have one
or more vehicles which wait through more than
one signal cycle during peak traffic periods.
F Long queues of traffic; unstable flow; stop-
pages of long duration; traffic volume and
traffic speed can drop to zero; traffic
volume will be less than the volume which
occurs at Level of Service E.
(a) ICU (Intersection Capacity Utilization) at various Levels
of Service versus Level of Service E for urban arterial
streets.
Nominal Range
Of ICU (a)
0.00 -0.60
0.61 -0.70
0.71 -0.80
0.81 -0.90
0.91 -1.00
Not meaningful
-~
APPENDIX B
ICU ANALYSES
PROJECT·COMPLETION
INTERSECTION CAPACITY UTILIZATION ANALYSIS
ALGA ROAD RESIDENTIAL
At Project Completion
INTERSECTION: EL CAMINO REAL I LA COSTA AVE (PM Peak Hour)
MOVE-EXIST PROP EXIST PROP EXIST OTHER PROJ EXIST E+O E+O+P E+O+P WI -MENT LANES LANES CAP CAP VOL VOL VOL VIC VIC VIC IMPR VIC
NL 1 2 160.0 3200 234 40 0.15 * 0.17 * 0.17 * 0.09 *
NT 2 3 3200 4800 416 35 10 0.15 0.16 0.16 0.11
NR 0 0 56
SL 1 2 1600 3200 164 70 0.10 0.15 o. 15 0.07
ST 2 3 3200 4800 447 75 0.25 * 0.29 * 0.29 * 0.19 *
SR 0 0 350 50 5
EL 1 2 1600 3200 414 160 15 0.26 0.36 0.37 0.18 *
ET 1 2 1600 3200 418 110 0.49 * 0.66 * 0.66 * 0.17
ER 0 1 1600 360 160 0.33
WL ] 1 1600 1600 70 0.04 * 0.04 * 0.04 * 0.04
WT 1 2 1600 3200 281 20 0.18 0.19 0.19 0.14 *
WR 1 0 1600 120 15 0.08 0.08 0.08
NORTH/SOUTH CRITICAL SUMS= 0.40 0.46 0.46 0.28 -EAST/WEST CRITICAL SUMS= 0.53 0.70 0. 70 0.32
CLEARANCE= 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05
ICU= 0.98 1.21 1.21 0.65
LOS= E F F B
N=NORTHBOUND,S=SOUTHBOUND,E=EASTBOUND,W=WESTBOUND
L=LEFT,T=THROUGH,R=RIGHT
*DENOTES CRITICAL MOVEMENT
IARRPCPl
JNTERSECTION CAPACITY UTILIZATION ANALYSIS
ALGA ROAD RESIDENTIAL
At Project Completion
INTERSECT! ON: El CAMINO REAL/ ALGA RD -COLLEGE BLVD (PM Peak Hour)
MOVE-EXIST EXIST EXIST OTHER PROJ EXIST E+O E+O+P
MENT LANES CAP VOL VOL VOL V/C V/C V/C
NL 1 1600 95 25 0.06 * 0.06 0.08
NT 3 . 4800 499 35 0.10 0.11 * 0.11 *
NR FREE 0 441 175
SL 1 1600 216 325 0.14 0.34 * 0.34 *
ST 2 3200 674 140 0.23 * 0.27 0.29
SR 0 56 55
EL 1 1600 21 10 0.01 0.01 0.02
ET 2 3200 11 5 0.02 * 0.02 * 0.02 *
ER 0 41 5
WL 2 3200 256 55 0.09 * 0.10 * 0.11 *
WT 0 18 10 0.00 0.00 0.00
WR FREE 0 139 95
NORTH/SOUTH CRITICAL SUMS= 0.29 0.45 0.45
EAST/WEST CRITICAL SUMS= 0.11 0.12 0.13 -CLEARANCE= 0.05 0.05 0.05
ICU= 0.45 0.62 0.63
LOS= A B B
N=NORTHBOUND,S=SOUTHBOUND,E=EASTBOUND,W=WESTBOUND
L=LEFT,T=THROUGH,R=RIGHT
*DENOTES CRITICAL MOVEMENT
IARRPCP2
INTERSECTION CAPACITY UTILIZATION ANALYSIS
ALGA ROAD RESIDENTIAL
At Project Completion
INTERSECTION: MELROSE AVE/ RANCHO SANTA FE RD-CORINTIA (PM Peak Hour)
MOVE-PROP PROP EXIST OTHER PROJ E+O E+O+P
MENT LANES CAP VOL VOL VOL W/IMPR W/IMPR
VIC VIC
NL 1' 1600 0 25 0.02 0.02
NT 3 4800 75 35 0.02 * 0.02 *
NR FREE 719 115
SL 2 3200 88 50 5 0.04 * 0.04 *
ST 3 4800 42 15 0.01 0.01
SR 0 0
EL . 1 1600 0 0.00 0.00
ET 1 1600 0 20 0.02 * 0.02 *
ER 0 0 5
WL 3 4800 508 425 0.21 * 0.21 *
WT 0 0 80 0.00 0.00
WR 1 1600 110 195 10 0.19 0.20
NORTH/SOUTH CRITICAL SUMS= 0.06 0.06 -EAST/WEST CRITICAL SUMS= 0.23 0.23
CLEARANCE= 0.05 0.05
ICU= 0.34 0.34
LOS= A A
N=NORTHBOUNO,S=SOUTHBOUND,E=EASTBOUND,W=WESTBOUND
L=LEFT,T=THROUGH,R=RIGHT
*DENOTES CRITICAL MOVEMENT
IARRPCP3
I
APPENDIX C
ICU ANALYSES
BUILDOUT
INTERSECTION CAPACITY UTILIZATION ANALYSIS
ALGA ROAD RESIDENTIAL
At General Plan Build-out
INTERSECTION: EL CAMINO REAL/ LA COSTA AVE {PM Peak Hour)
MOVEMENT
NL
NT
NR
SL
ST
SR
EL
ET
ER
Wl
WT
WR
GEN PLAN PROPOSED GEN PLAN PROPOSED GP MODEL
LANES LANES CAPACITY CAPACITY VOLUME
1 1 1600 1600 108
3 3 4800 4800 2204
0 1 1600 110
1 2 1600 3200 564
3 3 4800 4800 1277
0 FREE 878
l 2 1600 3200 716
2 2 3200 3200 545
0 FREE 331
1 1 1600 • 1600 19
2 2 3200 3200 309
0 1 1600 246
NORTH/SOUTH CRITICAL SUMS=
EAST/WEST CRITICAL SUMS=
CLEARANCE=
ICU=
LOS=
N=NORTHBOUND,S=SOUTHBOUND,E=EASTBOUND,W=WESTBOUND
L=LEFT,T=THROUGH,R=RIGHT
* DENOTES CRITICAL MOVEMENTS
IARRBOPl
\
GP MODEL
V/C
0.07
0.48 *
0.35 *
0.45
0.45 *
0.27
0.01
0.17 *
0.83
0.62
0.05
1.50
F
GP V/C
W/IMPR
0.07
0.46 *
0.07
0.18 *
0.27
0.22 *
0.17
0.01
0.10 *
0.15
0.64
0.32
0.05
1.01
F
MOVEMENT
NL
NT
NR
SL
ST
SR
EL
ET
ER
WL
WT
WR
\
INTERSECTION CAPACITY UTILIZATION ANALYSIS
ALGA ROAD RESIDENTIAL
At General Plan Build-out
INTERSECTION: EL CAMINO REAL/ ALGA RD -COLLEGE BLVD (PM Peak Hour)
GEN PLAN PROPOSED GEN PLAN PROPOSED GP MODEL GP MODEL GP V/C
LANES LANES CAPACITY CAPACITY VOLUME
1 2 1600 3200 277
3 3 4800 4800 1641
0 FREE 865
1 2 1600 3200 589
3 3 4800 4800 1838
0 1 1600 280
1 1 1600 1600 146
l 2 1600 3200 398
0 0 174
1 2 1600 3200 419
2 2 3200 3200 247
0 1 1600 456
NORTH/SOUTH CRITICAL SUMS=
EAST/WEST CRITICAL SUMS=
CLEARANCE=
ICU=
LOS=
N=NORTHBOUND,S=SOUTHBOUND,E=EASTBOUND,W=WESTBOUNO
L=LEFT,T=THROUGH,R=RIGHT * DENOTES CRITICAL MOVEMENTS
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V/C W/IMPR
0.17 0.09
0.52 * 0.34 *
0.37 * 0.18 *
0.44 0.38
0.18
0.09 0.09
0.36 * 0.18 *
0.26 * 0.13 *
0.22 0.08
0.29
0.89 0.52
0.62 0.31
0.05 0.05
1.56 0.88
F D
INTERSECTION CAPACITY UTILIZATION ANALYSIS
ALGA ROAD RESIDENTIAL
At General Plan Build-out
INTERSECTION: MELROSE AVE/ RANCHO SANTA FE RD -CORINTIA (PM Peak Hour)
\
MOVEMENT PROPOSED PROPOSED GP MODEL GP MODEL W/
LANES CAPACITY VOLUME IMPR V/C
.NL 1 1600 105 0.07
NT 3 4800 1700 0.35 *
NR FREE 1475
SL 2 3200 625 0.20 *
ST 3 4800 1540 0.34
SR 0 75
EL 1 1600 55 0.03
ET 1 1600 50 0.08 *
ER 0 85
WL 3 4800 1635 0.36 *
WT 0 70
WR 1 1600 485 0.30
NORTH/SOUTH CRITICAL SUMS= 0.55
EAST/WEST CRITICAL SUMS= 0.44
CLEARANCE = 0.05
ICU= 1.04
LOS= F
N=NORTHBOUND,S=SOUTHBOUND,E=EASTBOUND,W=WESTBOUNO
L=LEFT,T=THROUGH,R=RIGHT
* DENOTES CRITICAL MOVEMENTS
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,,~ WESTEC Services, Inc.
5510 Morehouse Dtive, San Diego. CA 92121-1709
(619) 458-9044
Ms. Adrienne Landers
Associate Planner
City of Carlsbad
2075 Las Palmas Drive
Carlsbad, CA 92009-4859
88-f078-E
September 26. 1988
Subject Acoustical Analysis for Viewpoint Tentative Tract Map
Dear Ms. Landers:
WESTEC Services has conducted an acoustical analysis for the proposed
Viewpoint Subdivision located in the City of Carlsbad. The results of this letter repon arc
based on review of the Tentative Tract Map (85-34) and preliminary building plans for the
project.
Mcthodoloc:: Noise levels for the future noise environment were determined using the
Federal Highway Administration's (FHW A) Noise Model-Stamina 2.0. The analysis
assumed that cars make up 97 percent of the traffic; medium trucks, 2 percent; and heavy
trucks, l percent. This vehicle composition is based on conversations with the City Traffic
Engineer (Bob Johnson) who indicated that Alga Road will not be a truck route. Average
Daily Traffic (ADT) volumes along Alga Road at "Buildout" (24,400 ADT) were 9btained
from SANDAG's traffic projections for the Carlsbad General Plan. A Grade adjustment
factor was used to account for the uphill portion of the roadway. The traffic speed was
assumed to be 40 mph along Alga Road.
Potential Noise Impacts: In the future, noise levels are predicted to increase to
approximately 68 dB(A) CNEL adjacent to Lot 1 (the closest lot to Alga Road). The City's
proposed noise ordinance specifies that residential areas exposed to exterior noise from
Circulation Element roadways must be mitigated to levels of 60 dB (A) CNEL. Therefore,
some residents of the proposed project could be subject to significant noise impacts if noise
mitigation measures are not implemented.
Mitigation; To mitigate the projected exterior noise effects, the FHW A Stamina 2.0 noise
model was used to determine the effectiveness of noise walls and screened second-story
balconies to rcduce·exterior noise exposure to the acceptable 60 dB (A) CNEL levels. The
noise model indicated that a 4-to 6-foot high barrier along the top of the slope at the rear of
Lots 44-47 and a 6.5 foot barrier at Lot 1 would mitigate noise levels in the yards adjacent
to Alga Road and at the first-floor windows.
In order to mitigate noise " ... immediately above the highest window or door
opening in a dwelling unit " as required by the City's proposed ordinance, a combination
wall and tempered glass screen will be required for second-story balconies facing Alga
Road on Lots 1 and 45-47. The dimensions of the balconies and noise mitigation walls are
shown in the attached figures and in Table 1. No other windows will require noise
treatment
Mr. Don Fontana
September 26, 1988
Page2
The materials used in the consttuction of the barrier are required to have a minimum
surface density of 3.5 pounds per square feet. They may consist of masonry material,
wood, 5/8 inch plexiglass, 1/4 inch plate glass or a combination of these materials. The
barrier must be designed so there are no openings or cracks.
With the measures discussed above, interior noise levels would be reduced to 45
dB (A) CNEL or below. No other noise mitigation would be required. In order to ensure
implementation of these noise mitigation measures, it is our understanding that a condition
of approval of the Tentative Tract Map will require that the planning department review the
building plans for Lots 1 and 44-47. Please call me if you have any questions regarding
this analysis.
MK/dp
cc: File #38118001
Sincerely,
Mike Komula
Acoustician
APPENDIX D
TRAFFIC ANALYSIS
BASMACIYAN .. DARNELL, INC.
ENGINEERING AND PLANNING
Transponation, Traffic, Municipal, Transit
3190 C·1 Airport Loop Drive
May 20, 1988
Mr. Dan Rehm
Hunsaker & Associates, San Diego
6122 Nancy Ridge Drive BDI REF. NO,: 880413
Suite 101
San Diego, CA 92121
Subject: Supplemental Traffic Information for Viewpoint in the
City of Carlsbad
Dear M.r. Rehm:
Thi i; s11ppl.,~rnental letter report has been prepared to respond to
the City's comments on our letter repoz:t for Viewpoint, dated
April 20, 198~.
The responses to the City's comments do not change
previous conclusions, and are provided to answer
comments. For ease of reference, each comment is
then followed with the necessacy responHe.
any of our
the City's
listed, and
Comment 1 -I:3 Bill Darnell a Traffic Engineer, or an RCE?
Response to Comment i -Bill Darnell is a registered T(~ffic
Engineer and• a Registered Civil Engineer. in the States of
California and Oregon.
Comment 2 -We are extending Dove Lane to Alga Road.
Response to Comment 2 -The location of the Dove Lane extension,
as noted by the City on Figure 3, provides the north/south
collector that we recommended. This collector road
provides the local circulation within the area and
eliminates any '1eed for Mimosa to be extended sl:r-:1ight
through the Viewpoint Tract.
Comment 3 -Will there ever be a n~ed for a traffic signal at
Alga Road and Mlmosa?
Response to Comment 3 -Based on the City's comment that Alga
Road will carry, 15-20,000 ADT at initial construction of
Viewpoint and 40,000 ADT at.ultimate build-out of the area,
Mr. Dan Rehm
Hunsaker & Associates
May 20, 1988
Page Two
it is our conclusion that a traffic signal will not be
warranted or justified as a result of Viewpoint traffic or
the additional traffic that might travel through Viewpoint
to reach the Mimosa Road and Alga Road intersection.
This conclusion is based on our experience wjth similar
interse~tions and a review of the daily traffic warrants
presented in Figure 4. A review of Warrant l -"Minimum
Vehicular Volume" and Warrant 2 -"Interruption of
Continuous Traffic" shows that the short-term and build-out
traffic volumes on Mimosa Road will not satisfy the mininmrn
traffic volumes necessary to justify the installation of a
traffic signal.
To sotisf:y the warrants, daily traffic on Mimosa Road would
hava to equal or exceed 1,680 vehicles per day entering Alga
Road from Mimosa Road for Warrant 1 and would have to equal
or. exceed 850 vehicles per day to satisfy Warrant 2. These
rni11irnum daily traffic volumes are based on Rural Road
Criteria with speeds on Alga Road, expected to be 45 MPH or
greater. In the short term (all traffic exiting to Alga
Road), there are 665 (1,330 divided by 2) daily vehicles
expected to enter Alga Road. In the build out condition,
400 (800 divided by 2) daily vehicles are expected to enter
Alga Road. Comparision of the project related short term
665 daily vehicles and the build-out 400 daily vehicles to
the minimum daily traffjc volumes shows that neither Warrant
l nor 2 would o~ ~~ti~fied,
Comment 4 -Will the 130 peak hour trips be able to get out
without a signal?
Response to Comment 4 - I do not know the source of the 130 peak
hour trips mentioned. However, upon build-out of the area,
the 93 project and 40 other dwelling units would be expected
to generate 100 AM peak hour vehicle trips (28 in, 73 out),
at with 15 vehicles entering and 50 vehicles exiting at Alga
Road. During the PM peak, the 133 (93 + 40) dwelling units
would gener~te 133 vehicles {84 in, 49 out) with 50 .vehicles
entering at Alga Road and 29 vehicles exitjng at Alga Road
via Mimosa Road.
These levels of traffic volumes can be adequately
accommodated at the Mimo·sa Road and Alga Road intersection.
In our opinion, we do not see any problems and/or necessity
for trattic signal controls.
" Mr . Dan RE?l1m
Hunsaker & Associate~
May 20, 1988
Page Three
Comment 5 -Will the bujld-out ADT reduce the Level of Service
"C" minjmum of this intersection:
1) In a stop situation,
2) In a signal situation.
Response to Comment 5 -Based on· available data, we have
concluded that Level of Service "C", for roadway segments
approaching the Alga Road and Mimosa Road intersection, will
not be exceeded.
Thjs conclusion can be made for stop sign and/or traffic
signal con.trol.
In summary, our previous conclusions regarding the Viewpoint
project have not changed.
I trust this information adequ~t~ly addresses the City's
comments. If there are any further questions, I would suggest
that we h,=w':! a meeting with the City Traffic Engh1eer.
Sinc:':!rely,
BASMACIYAN-DARNELL·, INC.
~-~ Bjll E. Darnell, P,E,
Crlbad.Ltr/#10D
rll
,i-' .•
Dan Rehm
Hunsker & Associates
April 20, 1988
Page 3
The need for a tr a££ i c signal at Alga Road and Mimosa Street was ,
reviewed and it hae been determined that the Viewpoint Tract ind
the estimated 30 or 40 adcHtional dwelling units to the north
would not create the need for a traffic sig.nal at Alga Road and
Mimosa Street.
l trust this report provjdes you with the necessary information
£or processing the Viewpoint Tract map through the City of
Carlsbad.
Please call me it you have any questions or need additional
:information.
Sincerely,
Baemaciyan-Oarnell, Ino.
~E~~Q_Q
Bllly Darnell, P.E. \
'l'TMap.Rpt/#26C
ATTACHMENIJJ
POTENTIAL FUTURE DEVELOPMENT
NORTH OF VIEWPOINT
INTERSECTION CAPACITY UTILIZATION ANALYSIS
ALGA ROAD RESIDENTIAL
At General Plan Build-out
INTERSECTION: MELROSE AVE/ RANCHO SANTA FE RD -CORINTIA (PM Peak Hour)
\
MOVEMENT PROPOSED PROPOSED GP MODEL GP MODEL W/
LANES CAPACITY VOLUME IMPR V/C
NL 1 1600 105 0.07
NT 3 4800 1700 0.35 *
NR FREE 1475
SL 2 3200 625 0.20 *
ST 3 4800 1540 0.34
SR 0 75
EL 1 1600 55 0.03
ET 1 1600 50 0.08 *
ER 0 85
WL 3 4800 1635 0.36 *
WT 0 70
WR 1 1600 485 0.30
NORTH/SOUTH CRITICAL SUMS= 0.55
EAST/WEST CRITICAL SUMS= 0.44
CLEARANCE = 0.05
ICU= 1.04
LOS= F
N=NORTHBOUND,S=SOUTHBOUND,E=EASTBOUND,W=WESTBOUND
L=LEFT,T=THROUGH,R=RIGHT
* DENOTES CRITICAL MOVEMENTS
IARRBOP3
-,: .. ~;
w ~
..