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Home My WebLink AboutSUP 06-10X2A; AGUA HEDIONDA OUTER LAGOON MAINTENANCE; AGUA HEDIONDA OUTER LAGOON FLOOD SHOAL MAINTENANCE DREDGING SEDIMENT SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PLAN; 2017-11-01 CABRILLO POWER I LLC, AGUA HEDIONDA LAGOON OUTER LAGOON FLOOD SHOAL MAINTENANCE DREDGING SEDIMENT SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PLAN 2017‐2018 ACOE #2001‐00328‐RRS Prepared for: Cabrillo Power I LLC 4600 Carlsbad Boulevard Carlsbad, CA 92009‐4301 Prepared by: Merkel & Associates, Inc. 5434 Ruffin Road San Diego, CA 92123 Phone: (858) 560‐5465 Fax: (858) 560‐7779 November 2017 November 2017 Merkel & Associates, Inc. #14‐051‐06 i TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................................................1 2.0 BACKGROUND....................................................................................................................................1 3.0 TESTING PROGRAM............................................................................................................................7 3.1 Core Logging and Sample Handling................................................................................................9 3.2 Physical and Chemical Analyses...................................................................................................10 4.0 REPORT PREPARATION.....................................................................................................................11 5.0 REFERENCES.....................................................................................................................................12 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Proposed Beach and Lagoon Sampling Stations...........................................................................8 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. Percent sand composition from prior shoal pre‐dredging testing programs. ...............................2 Table 2. 2014 grain size and TOC results. ....................................................................................................2 Table 3. 2014 sediment chemistry results...................................................................................................3 Table 4. Proposed sample locations at tidal basin and receiver location....................................................9 Table 5. Chemical and physical analyses for sediment samples................................................................11 November 2017 Merkel & Associates, Inc. #14‐051‐06 1 CABRILLO POWER I LLC, AGUA HEDIONDA LAGOON OUTER LAGOON FLOOD SHOAL MAINTENANCE DREDGING SEDIMENT SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS PLAN ACOE #2001‐00328‐RRS(UNDER RENEWAL) November 2017 1.0 INTRODUCTION This Sampling and Analysis Plan (SAP) is for the characterization of flood shoal sediment deposits within the outer basin of Agua Hedionda Lagoon. Maintenance shoal removal and beach replenishment are proposed to occur under ACOE IP #2001‐00328‐RRS and are part of an on‐going maintenance dredging program at the site. Dredging is completed every two to three years as required by shoal development. Under permit, up to 500,000 cubic yards (cy) of sediment may be dredged per maintenance interval. The dredging is all maintenance littoral sand removal with no cuts into native sediments. The material is to be cut by suction cutterhead dredge and replaced on coastal beaches on North, Middle, and South Carlsbad State Beaches (sites are both up and down drift of the Agua Hedionda Lagoon tidal inlet). This SAP details the sediment collection and testing program to be conducted on the proposed dredged material in accordance with the standard procedures outlined in conditions of ACOE IP #2001‐00328‐ RRS, Evaluation of Dredged Material Proposed for Discharge in Waters of the U.S. (Inland Testing Manual [ITM]) (EPA/USACE 1998) and regional guidance of the USACE regulatory branch (USACE 1991). These guidance documents apply to inland waters, near‐coastal waters, and surrounding environs. 2.0 BACKGROUND The outer basin (Outer Lagoon) of Agua Hedionda Lagoon is an efficient sediment trap for entrained littoral sand that is brought into the lagoon through the combined influence of tidal circulation and cooling water flows. Sediment accumulation in the flood shoal of the lagoon degrades the tidal prism and tidal flushing within the lagoon and also reduces the operational efficiency of the power plant located on the outer basin. Since initial lagoon dredging in 1954, the accumulated flood shoal sand has been dredged out every one to three years to maintain an open tidal connection with limited muting of the lagoon. Previous testing of the flood shoal has indicated that the shoal is comprised exclusively of beach sand (Table 1). During the most recent dredging sediment‐testing program (2014), grain size analyses indicated the material was composed of 98.1 to 99.3 percent (%) sand (Table 1), and total organic carbon (TOC) values ranged from 0.03 to 0.04%. Coincident with this, receiver beaches were found to have a sand content ranging from 95.1 to 100% across the various sampling years. Receiver beach TOC samples in 2014 ranged between 0.02 and 0.03% (M&A 2014). November 2017 Merkel & Associates, Inc. #14‐051‐06 2 Table 1. Percent sand composition from prior shoal pre‐dredging testing programs. Year Percent Sand Source 1993 95.5%‐97.5% MEC 1993 1995 96.0%‐98.9% MEC 1995 1997 93.8%‐98.0% MEC 1997 2000 98.4%‐98.7% MEC 2000 2002 90.0%‐97.1% MEC 2002 2004 97.4%‐98.9% MEC‐Weston 2004 2006 97.9%‐98.7% Weston 2006 2008 97.7%‐99.2% M&A 2008 2010 97.2%‐98.5% M&A 2010 2014 98.1%‐99.3% M&A 2014 In 2014, the California State Lands Commission requested a verification testing of the shoal sand chemistry in conjunction with issuance of a new long‐term lease (Lease No. 932.1) allowing the placement of Agua Hedionda Lagoon maintenance dredged materials on to the beach. While the nature of the source material and physical characteristics of the sand are not conducive to be carriers of contaminants, testing was conducted for this verification purpose in July 2014. The same shoal area has been recurrently dredged was tested using the same sampling stations distributed through the shoal (L‐ 1 through L‐3). In addition for beach compatibility, grain size and TOC was determined for the receiver beach (RB‐1 through RB‐3). Sediment grain size characteristics and TOC continued to reveal the littoral sand nature of the shoal (Table 2). Table 2. 2014 grain size and TOC results. Sample Location Gravel (%) Sand (%) Silt (%) Clay (%) Mean Particle Size (mm) TOC (%) L‐1 0.0 99.3 0.5 0.2 0.45 0.04% L‐2 0.0 98.9 0.8 0.3 0.37 0.03% L‐3 0.0 98.1 1.6 0.4 0.27 0.04% Average 0.0 98.8 1.0 0.3 0.36 0.04% RB‐1 0.0 100.0 0.0 0.0 0.35 0.03% RB‐2 0.0 98.9 0.8 0.3 0.38 0.02% RB‐3 0.0 99.1 0.6 0.3 0.26 ND Average 0.0 99.4 0.4 0.1 0.33 ‐‐ ND = Not Detected There were very few chemicals of concern detected within the collected sediments; and when detected, concentrations were at low levels falling below established effects range median (ERM) and effects range low (ERL) guideline values, where such levels have been determined (Table 3). ERL and ERM values were developed as sediment quality guidelines to determine the potential for chemical contaminants in the sediment to cause adverse environmental effects (Buchman 2008; Long et al. 1995). The ERL is the lowest tenth percentile concentration of the available sediment toxicity data, and represents a concentration below which effects to sensitive species are not expected to occur. The ERM is the median effects concentration, above which adverse effects are likely to occur. November 2017 Merkel & Associates, Inc. #14‐051‐06 3 Table 3. 2014 sediment chemistry results. Compound Parameter Units ERL ERM L‐1 L‐2 L‐3 Antimony mg/kg ND ND ND Arsenic mg/kg 8.2 70 0.785 0.673 1.06 Barium mg/kg 11.2 15.7 31.9 Beryllium mg/kg ND ND ND Cadmium mg/kg 1.2 9.6 ND ND ND Chromium mg/kg 81 370 2.42 3.39 6.51 Cobalt mg/kg 0.737 1.06 1.92 Copper mg/kg 34 270 1.17 1.7 3.05 Lead mg/kg 46.7 218 0.536 0.697 0.925 Mercury mg/kg 0.15 0.71 ND ND ND Molybdenum mg/kg ND ND ND Nickel mg/kg 20.9 51.6 0.992 1.45 2.33 Selenium mg/kg ND ND ND Silver mg/kg 1 3.7 ND ND ND Thallium mg/kg ND 0.037 0.087 Vanadium mg/kg 5.33 7.73 13.9 Metals Zinc mg/kg 150 410 8.82 13.5 20.0 Aldrin μg/kg ND ND ND Alpha‐BHC μg/kg ND ND ND Beta‐BHC μg/kg ND ND ND Delta‐BHC μg/kg ND ND ND Gamma‐BHC μg/kg ND ND ND Chlordane μg/kg ND ND ND Dieldrin μg/kg 0.02 8 ND ND ND Trans‐nonachlor μg/kg ND ND ND 2,4'‐DDD μg/kg ND ND ND 2,4'‐DDE μg/kg ND ND ND 2,4'‐DDT μg/kg ND ND ND 4,4'‐DDD μg/kg 2 20 ND ND ND 4,4'‐DDE μg/kg 2.2 27 ND ND ND 4,4'‐DDT μg/kg 1 7 ND ND ND Total Detectable DDTs μg/kg 1.58 46.1 Endosulfan I μg/kg ND ND ND Endosulfan II μg/kg ND ND ND Endosulfan Sulfate μg/kg ND ND ND Endrin μg/kg ND ND ND Endrin Aldehyde μg/kg ND ND ND Chlorinated Pesticides Endrin Ketone μg/kg ND ND ND November 2017 Merkel & Associates, Inc. #14‐051‐06 4 Table 3. 2014 sediment chemistry results (continued). Compound Parameter Units ERL ERM L‐1 L‐2 L‐3 Heptachlor μg/kg ND ND ND Heptachlor Epoxide μg/kg ND ND ND Methoxychlor μg/kg ND ND ND Toxaphene μg/kg ND ND ND Alpha Chlordane μg/kg ND ND ND Gamma Chlordane μg/kg ND ND ND Cis‐nonachlor μg/kg ND ND ND Chlorinated Pesticides Oxychlordane μg/kg ND ND ND 1,6,7‐ Trimethylnaphthalene μg/kg ND ND ND 1‐Methylnaphthalene μg/kg ND ND ND 1‐Methylphenanthrene μg/kg ND ND ND 2‐Methylnaphthalene μg/kg 70 670 ND ND ND 2,6‐ Dimethylnaphthalene μg/kg ND ND ND Acenaphthene μg/kg 16 500 ND ND ND Acenaphthylene μg/kg 44 640 ND ND ND Anthracene μg/kg 85.3 1100 ND ND ND Benzo (a) Anthracene μg/kg 261 1600 ND ND ND Benzo (a) Pyrene μg/kg 430 1600 ND ND ND Benzo (b) Fluoranthene μg/kg ND ND ND Benzo (e) Pyrene μg/kg ND ND ND Benzo (g,h,i) Perylene μg/kg ND ND ND Benzo (k) Fluoranthene μg/kg ND ND ND Benzoic Acid μg/kg ND ND ND Biphenyl μg/kg ND ND ND Chrysene μg/kg 384 2800 ND ND ND DCPA μg/kg ND ND ND Dibenz (a,h) Anthracene μg/kg 63.4 260 ND ND ND Dibenzothiophene μg/kg ND ND ND Fluoranthene μg/kg 600 5100 ND ND ND Fluorene μg/kg 19 540 ND ND ND Indeno (1,2,3‐c,d) Pyrene μg/kg ND ND ND Isophorone μg/kg ND ND ND Naphthalene μg/kg 160 2100 ND ND ND Perthane μg/kg ND ND ND Perylene μg/kg ND ND ND PAHs Phenanthrene μg/kg 240 1500 ND ND ND November 2017 Merkel & Associates, Inc. #14‐051‐06 5 Table 3. 2014 sediment chemistry results (continued). Compound Parameter Units ERL ERM L‐1 L‐2 L‐3 Pyrene μg/kg 665 2600 ND ND ND PAHs Total PAHs μg/kg 4022 44792 2,3,4,6‐ Tetrachlorophenol μg/kg ND ND ND 2,4,5‐Trichlorophenol μg/kg ND ND ND 2,4,6‐Trichlorophenol μg/kg ND ND ND 2,4‐Dichlorophenol μg/kg ND ND ND 2,4‐Dimethylphenol μg/kg ND ND ND 2,4‐Dinitrophenol μg/kg ND ND ND 2,6‐Dichlorophenol μg/kg ND ND ND 2‐Chlorophenol μg/kg ND ND ND 2‐Methylphenol μg/kg ND ND ND 2‐Nitrophenol μg/kg ND ND ND 3/4‐Methylphenol μg/kg ND ND ND 4,6‐Dinitro‐2‐ Methylphenol μg/kg ND ND ND 4‐Chloro‐3‐ Methylphenol μg/kg ND ND ND 4‐Nitrophenol μg/kg ND ND ND Pentachlorophenol μg/kg ND ND ND Phenols Phenol μg/kg ND ND ND Bis(2‐Ethylhexyl) Phthalate μg/kg 13 11 14 Butyl Benzyl Phthalate μg/kg 6.6 6.1 18 Diethyl Phthalate μg/kg ND ND ND Dimethyl Phthalate μg/kg 240 370 400 Di‐n‐Butyl Phthalate μg/kg ND ND ND Phtalates Di‐n‐Octyl Phthalate μg/kg ND ND ND PCB003 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB008 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB018 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB028 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB031 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB033 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB037 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB044 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB049 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB052 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB056 μg/kg ND ND ND PCBs PCB060 μg/kg ND ND ND November 2017 Merkel & Associates, Inc. #14‐051‐06 6 Table 3. 2014 sediment chemistry results (continued). Compound Parameter Units ERL ERM L‐1 L‐2 L‐3 PCB066 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB070 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB074 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB077 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB081 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB087 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB095 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB097 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB099 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB101 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB105 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB110 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB114 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB118 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB119 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB123 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB126 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB128 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB132 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB138/158 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB141 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB149 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB151 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB153 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB156 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB157 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB167 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB168 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB169 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB170 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB174 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB177 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB180 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB183 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB184 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB187 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB189 μg/kg ND ND ND PCBs PCB194 μg/kg ND ND ND November 2017 Merkel & Associates, Inc. #14‐051‐06 7 Table 3. 2014 sediment chemistry results (continued). Compound Parameter Units ERL ERM L‐1 L‐2 L‐3 PCB195 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB200 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB201 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB203 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB206 μg/kg ND ND ND PCB209 μg/kg ND ND ND PCBs Total PCB Congeners μg/kg 22.7 180 Notes: All results reported as dry weight. Bold Text – Exceeds ERL Bold and Underlined Text – Exceeds ERM ND = not detected above the reporting limit. Some analytes are reported that were detected at a concentration below the reporting limit and above the laboratory method detection limit. See Eurofins report in Appendix C for all estimated values. mg/kg ‐ milligram per kilogram, μg/kg ‐ micrograms per kilogram, ERL ‐ Effects Range Low, ERM ‐ Effects Range Median, DDT – dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane, PAH ‐ polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, PCB ‐ polychlorinated biphenyls The conditions of the lagoon remain substantively unchanged from those existing during the 2014 sediment‐testing program and the chemical testing performed provided a refreshed verification that the sand in the shoal is clean sediment. In addition, M&A has worked extensively within Agua Hedionda Lagoon in association with the recent eradication of the invasive alga Caulerpa taxifolia from the system and subsequent eelgrass surveys. As a result, M&A staff members have first hand information regarding lagoon conditions and believe there is no reason to suspect any change in sediment conditions from those occurring in prior sampling events. 3.0 TESTING PROGRAM Sediment testing is proposed in accordance with the requirements of regulatory permits and the “Evaluation of Dredge Material Proposed for Discharge in Waters of the U.S. – Testing Manual” (Inland Testing Manual) (Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)/U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) 1998). Merkel & Associates, Inc. (M&A), under contract to Cabrillo Power I LLC, will manage the sediment collection and testing study. This study will include the following elements: Preparation of this SAP; Collection of sediment core samples to project depth according to the procedures outlined in the SAP; Physical and chemical analyses on test sediment composite for the flood shoal to be dredged, and physical analyses on receiver beach sediments, and; Data analysis and report preparation. Sampling locations for the maintenance dredging of the outer lagoon and the receiver beaches follow the distribution of effort for prior testing events (Figure 1). November 2017 Merkel & Associates, Inc. #14‐051‐06 9 Samples are to be collected by continuous core through the accumulated sands. Samples will be taken to the proposed dredge depth plus 2‐feet of over dredge. The target core depth will be 24 ft from a top elevation of the flood shoal at approximately ‐0 foot MLLW for two cores (L1 and L2) to be collected within the sand trap at the lagoon mouth with a design depth of ‐22 feet MLLW. An additional core (L3) will be collected to a design depth of ‐17 feet MLLW plus 2‐feet of over‐dredge. This core is also located on the shoal with a top elevation of ‐0 foot MLLW. Lagoon core sample distribution (L1 ‐ L3) has been determined such that each continuous core represents approximately one third of the dredge material volume to be removed. Cores will be taken to the target depth or depth of refusal. Coordinates and target penetration are shown for each proposed sampling location in Table 4. Actual sampled locations shall be recorded to a ±3 meter accuracy using GPS. Receiver beaches are to be sampled at high (+5 to +7 feet MLLW) and low (‐2 to +1 feet MLLW) intertidal elevations. Samples shall consist of surface sands collected by using a 6‐inch deep hand core. Beach samples shall be collected from Carlsbad State Beach at the north (RB1), middle (RB2), and south (RB3) beaches where material is to be placed. Proposed sampling coordinates for beach sites are provided in Table 4. Table 4. Proposed sample locations at tidal basin and receiver location. Site Approx. Volume (yd3) Sample Location Longitude Latitude Target Penetration (ft) L‐1 117o 20’33” 33o 08’45” 24 L‐2 117o 20’29” 33o 08’41” 24 Shoal (Outer Lagoon ) 350,000 L‐3 117o 20’24” 33o 08’38” 19 RB‐1 117o 20’55” 33o 08’59” 0.5 RB‐2 117o 20’29” 33o 08’30” 0.5 Receiver Site (Beach) RB‐3 117o 20’19” 33o 08’13” 0.5 3.1 CORE LOGGING AND SAMPLE HANDLING Core samples will be carefully extruded onto clean, plastic trays, photographed, and observed for unique strata, color, odors, etc. These observations, along with information on weather, currents, tides, winds, and other site conditions, will be recorded in the field log. The following information will be recorded during the sediment collection program in a project‐specific field log: Date and time of collection Sample identification code Sampling location (latitude/longitude to within a 3‐meter accuracy) Water depth or elevation (± 0.1 ft) Tidal stage and currents Climatic conditions Sampling method and any problems encountered Core penetration/core recovery Description of the material type obtained in the samples (color, odor, etc.) Description of any vertical stratification in each core Description of sediment subsampling methods if any required November 2017 Merkel & Associates, Inc. #14‐051‐06 10 Sediment stratification has not been observed in any of the prior characterizations of the flood shoal and as such no stratification is anticipated in the present effort. As a result, a composite sample will be collected from the entire core length. If distinct stratification greater than 2 feet is detected, then a separate sample will be taken from the strata although will not be analyzed until results from the composite sample are available and appears warranted. Each core sample will be thoroughly homogenized in clean, non‐contaminating stainless steel mixing vessels and subsampled for archive purposes. Collected sediments shall be kept separate in individual sample containers labeled with individual sample identification, date and time of collection and samples will be stored with ice packs at approximately 4ºC until analyzed by the laboratory. Archived samples will be put into labeled 16 oz (500 ml) glass jars with teflon‐lined lids and frozen. Samples will be held for a period of three months following submittal of the testing report. At which point they will be disposed of unless the client requests transfer of the sample. The integrity of each sample from the time of collection to the point of data reporting must be maintained throughout the study. Proper record keeping and chain‐of‐custody procedures will be implemented to allow samples to be traced from collection to their final disposition. After collection of sediment, documentation on various logs and forms will be required to adequately identify and catalog station and sample information. Field log entries will be completed at the time that observations are made. Sample container identification information will be recorded on the chain‐of‐custody form. The chain‐ of‐custody forms will also identify the sampling organization, point of contact, sample collection date and time, type of sample, and project. The form will also serve as a sample analysis request form. Samples will be sent to the laboratory along with a chain‐of‐custody form specifying the sample identification and the analyses to be conducted (by referencing a list of specific analyses or the statement of work for the laboratory). These forms will be prepared in triplicate; the field supervisor will retain one copy, and the other 2 copies will accompany the shipment. Proper completion of all chain‐of‐custody documentation will be the responsibility of the field manager. Chain‐of‐custody forms will be completed and signed before the end of each sampling day and before the samples are removed from the vessel or pass from the control of the field supervisor. Chain‐of‐ custody forms will be signed at each additional point of transfer of samples between the field and the laboratory as well as within the laboratory. Receiver beach sediments are to be collected and processed similarly to the dredge site sediments for compatibility assessment. High and low beach samples at each site are to be composited to create a characterization of the individual site. All samples will be processed as bulk samples with no subsampling or stratified sampling. 3.2 PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL ANALYSES Eurofins Calscience, a National Environmental Laboratory (NELAP) accredited laboratory, will conduct all physical and analytical chemical analyses. A composite lagoon sample (composed of sediment from L‐1, L‐2, and L‐3) will be analyzed for chemistry, TOC, and grain size distribution. In addition, the three receiver beach samples (RB‐1, RB‐2, and‐RB‐3) will be individually analyzed for TOC and grain size distribution only. The physical and chemical analyses and methods for the samples are listed in Table 5. November 2017 Merkel & Associates, Inc. #14‐051‐06 11 The sediment chemistry results for this study will be compared to available sediment quality guidelines (e.g., effects range low [ERLs] and effects range median [ERMs]) to determine the potential for chemical contaminants in the sediment to cause adverse environmental effects (Buchman 2008; Long et al. 1995). Grain size distribution data will be tabulated to evaluate sediment compatibility between proposed nourishment material and receiver site. Table 5. Chemical and physical analyses for sediment samples. Analyte Analysis Method Grain‐Size ASTM D4464(M) Percent/Total Solids SM2540B Total Organic Carbon EPA 9060A CA Title 22 ‐ CAM 17 Metals: Sb, As, Ba, Be, Cd, Cr(t), Co, Cu, Pb, Hg, Mo, Ni, Se, Ag, Tl, V, Zn EPA 6020/6020A & 7471A Semivolatile Organic Compounds (Phenols, Phthalates, PAHs) by GC/TQ EPA 8270C SIM Organochlorine Pesticides EPA 8081A Polychlorinated Biphenyl’s (PCBs) EPA 8270C SIM 4.0 REPORT PREPARATION The draft and final study reports will contain the following information: Introduction – Includes a project description and a history of the site, historical uses, results of previous toxicity or sediment work, known contamination or discharges, and other relevant information Site Maps – Shows the test sediment collection locations Core Log – Includes core collection coordinates, target/actual penetration, and sediment characteristics (e.g., strata, color, odor) Methods and Materials – Includes all information pertaining to test sediment collection, handling, and analyses Results – Includes results from any physical and chemical testing Discussion – Includes a detailed description of any chemical and physical characteristics of the test sediments References Photographic Documentation Quality Assurance/Quality Control Information November 2017 Merkel & Associates, Inc. #14‐051‐06 12 5.0 REFERENCES Buchman, M.F. 2008. NOAA Screening Quick Reference Tables, NOAA OR&R Report 08‐1, Seattle WA, Office of Response and Restoration Division, National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, 34 pages. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA)/U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE). 1998. Evaluation of Dredged Material Proposed for Discharge in Waters of the U.S., Testing Manual: Inland Testing Manual. EPA Reference 823‐B‐98‐004. February. Long, E.R., D.L. MacDonald, S.L. Smith, and F.D. Calder. 1995. Incidence of Adverse Biological Effects within Ranges of Chemical Concentration in Marine and Estuarine Sediments. Environmental Management 19 (1): 81‐97. MEC‐Weston, Inc. 2004. Cabrillo Power 1 LLC Agua Hedionda Lagoon Field Investigations for Outer Lagoon Dredging, Data Report November 2004. MEC. 2002. Agua Hedionda Lagoon, Field investigations for outer lagoon dredging. Submitted to Cabrillo Power, October 2002. MEC. 2002. Cabrillo Power 1 LLC Agua Hedionda Lagoon 2002 Outer Lagoon/Beach Sediment Sampling and Analysis Plan. MEC. 2000. Agua Hedionda Lagoon, Field investigations for outer lagoon dredging. Submitted to Cabrillo Power, September 2000. MEC. 1997a. Agua Hedionda Lagoon, Field investigations for middle lagoon dredging. Submitted to SDG&E, April 1997. MEC. 1997b. Environmental Conditions and Potential Impacts Associated With Dredging the Inner Section of Agua Hedionda Lagoon. Submitted to SDG&E, May 1997. MEC. 1995. SDG&E Encina Power Plant, Agua Hedionda Lagoon dredge sediment analysis. Submitted to SDG&E, June 1995. MEC. 1993. Field investigations for lagoon dredging. Submitted to SDG&E, November 1993. Merkel & Associates, Inc. (M&A). 2014. Cabrillo Power I LLC, Agua Hedionda Lagoon Outer Lagoon Flood Shoal Maintenance Dredging Sediment Characterization Report. November 2014. Merkel & Associates, Inc. (M&A). 2010. Cabrillo Power I LLC, Agua Hedionda Lagoon Outer Lagoon Flood Shoal Maintenance Dredging Sediment Characterization Report. December 2010. Merkel & Associates, Inc. (M&A). 2008. Cabrillo Power I LLC, Agua Hedionda Lagoon Outer Lagoon Flood Shoal Maintenance Dredging Sediment Characterization Report. December 2008.