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HomeMy WebLinkAbout; Carlsbad Trails Feasibility Study; Carlsbad Trails Feasibility Study; 1990-08-01k. r* L L L L AUGUST 1990 CARLSBAD FEASIBILITY TRAILS STUDY c c c B 0 C c c I i C 0 Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Context System Feasibility Physical Implications Financial Implications Issues Summary ISSUES DISCUSSION Introduction Trails and the Open Space System Trails and Community Parks Special Resource Areas Trails and Park Land Dedication Classification Trail Design Guidelines Landscaping Staging Areas Viewpoints and Picnic Areas Signage and Interpretive Information Furniture Lighting Road Crossings and Bridges Joint Uses Environmental Issues Surrounding Communities Safety: Police and Fire Vehicular Access 1 1 1 2 3 9 10 10 11 12 1.2 14 14 16 18 18 22 22 22 22 24 24 28 29 Demonstration Project Ownership Liability Cost Estimate Process Costs Estimates Acquisition Strategies Financing Strategies Operations and Maintenance Phasing and Priorities Approvals and Permits LINKAGES DESCRIPTIONS Individual Linkages Description Map Sheet Index Alignment Map Sheets 01 - 23 Bibliography Acknowledgments 29 30 31 32 36 37 38 40 40 40 51 79 Following Page 80 81 83 C LISTofFIGURES C C C C 0 C C II C Figure 1 Trails Network Map Figure 2 Paved Pedestrian and Bike Path Design Concepts Figure 3 Unpaved Hiking and Bike Path Design Concepts Figure 4 Road Crossing and Information Signage Concepts Figure 5 Trail Marker Design Concepts Figure 6 Staging Areas Figure 7 Viewpoints and Picnic Areas Figure 8 Joint Uses Figure 9 Demonstration Project LIST of TABLES Table 1 Table 2 Tables Costs Summary Selected Carlsbad Land Assessments Preliminary Acquisition and Maintenance Cost Estimates: Trail Linkages Table 4 Preliminary Acquisition and Maintenance Cost Estimates: Staging, Viewpoints, and Picnic Areas Table 5 Improvement Cost Estimates Table 6 Improvement Cost Estimates: Phase 1 7 13 15 17 19 21 23 25 27 2 42 43 45 46 49 LV /T~Vi EXECUTIVE SUMMARY c c c c c c c c 0 c Context In 1988 the City embarked upon a comprehensive review of its open space policies and planning. While not the only activity, this review was perhaps most clearly evidenced through the convening of a Citizens Committee to Study Open Space. The principal result of the Committee's actions was the preparation of a report containing numerous policy and study recommendations. Upon accepting the report, the City Council directed staff to carry out a yearlong open space workplan to take the City through the necessary steps of research, study, and planning, in order to resolve the issues identified during the Committee's deliberations. The first task in that workplan was the preparation of an in-depth trail system feasibility study. This report presents the conclusion of that study. System Feasibility The primary aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility, both physical and financial, of Carlsbad implementing a citywide trails system. The one overriding conclusion of the study is a clear affirmative. Should the City so desire, it is feasible for an interlinking network of trails to be implemented connecting the various areas of the City together. The principal conclusions of the study, with regard to the physical and financial implications of adopting such a policy, are outlined below. Physical Implications • There are a number of landscape resources distributed throughout the City which both have high intrinsic aesthetic quality and also form representative examples of the natural landscape of the City. Protection of these resources within open space will serve to perpetuate the high quality environment to which the City aspires. Access to these resources via a trail system will enhance the recreational opportunity in the City and allow residents to retain connection with, and build an understanding of, the natural landscape upon which their community is built. The City is undeveloped over enough of its land area that the majority of the trail system can be sited in these undeveloped areas and implemented with future development planning. A large proportion of the trail links in undeveloped areas pass through large, single land ownerships or Master Plan areas. In these cases the implementation of the trail system should be especially easy provided trail needs are identified early enough in the planning and negotiation process. In those areas of the City which are already built-up, potential exists to complete the citywide trail network through the improvement of existing open space corridors. In a small number of cases traH linkages will only be possible along sidewalks and through the use of bicycle lanes within the road right-of-way. • The City has a range of natural resources including water bodies, riparian habitat, chaparral and coastal sage scrub, and naturalized tree groves which have varying capacity to accommodate human land uses. The trail system must be sited and designed so as to avoid negative impacts on these resources. In particular the wetland and riparian areas of the City and areas of chaparral and scrub with sensitive and/or rare and endangered species will have to be carefully treated. In assessing the physical feasibility of the system account was taken of these resources. If the City decides to implement the trail system, full environmental review will have to form part of the planning and design process on each proposed project. It is recommended that the City consider the immediate implementation of a demonstration linkage to initiate the development of the trail system. If action is taken promptly this linkage could be included in fiscal year 1991 -1992. Trails Feasibility Study 1 Financial Implications • Table 1 summarizes the acquisition, improvement, and annual maintenance costs associated with implementation of the trail system. It should be recognized that a series of assumptions are built into these estimates; the assumptions and detailed discussion of the fiscal implications are included in the main body of the report. Table 1: COSTS SUMMARY Total Phase 1 Cost Acquisition $448,000 95,000 Improvements Annual Maintenance $3,023,100 1,891,150 $290,000 70,000 The trail system has been designed to utilize existing public ownerships and right-of-way to reduce acquisition requirements. Of the trail segments that are not located on public land, most can be acquired through land dedication as part of compliance with open space standards of the City's Growth Management Plan or through the Master Plan or subdivision approval process, minimizing the amount of land that has to be purchased directly. While the open space set-aside requirement does not necessarily require dedication of title to the City, public fee title for the trail right-of-way within the wider open space corridor should be sought prior to subdivision approval. If the City acquires fee title, the property owner would be relieved of the responsibility and cost of maintaining the trail system land. Total acquisition costs for the entire system equal an estimated $448,000 (in 1990 dollars). Phase 1 acquisition costs equal an estimated $95,000. These estimates are based on the assumption and recommendation that the trail system be aligned along designated open space corridors for which a higher economic use is not permitted. If 2 7ra/7s Feasibility Study during implementation, the trail is aligned on land for which a higher economic use (such as residential, commercial, or industrial) is permitted, acquisition costs could be more than 20 times greater for a particular parcel, and the cost/benefit of such an acquisition would have to be evaluated. This estimate also assumes that substantial portions of the trail system can be acquired through the negotiated subdivision approval process without direct public expenditure. • Since acquisition costs are uncertain until specific trail linkages are designed, it would be prudent to budget additional funds for acquisition beyond the estimated acquisition of budget cost. Approximately $1,000,000 is recommended. The total improvement costs have been estimated at $3,023,100 (in 1990 dollars). This total is based on a series of assumptions about how much of the trail system can reasonably be expected to be implemented and dedicated to the City by future private development projects. Phase 1 improvements (years 1990 -1993) are estimated at $1,891,150. Additional in-house or consultant costs may be incurred for environmental review of the trail system and in the preparation of improvement plans for Hosp Grove and Lake Calavera. These costs have not been included in this study. • In order to finance acquisition and improvement costs, the trail system could be incorporated as an extra item in the City's public facility fees program, or be included as a sub-element within the existing open space or park facilities standards. A nexus will have to be established to demonstrate that these funds will be used to benefit the new population who will indirectly pay these fees. If the trail system is considered an extra item, this might require an increase in the fee, subject to voter approval, and would only be applicable to those zones for which the public facility fee and financing plan has yet to be adopted, unless I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 0 D G C C C C C G existing plans were amended. If the trail system is considered a facility for which public facility fee monies are already collected, an increase in the fee would not be required, although no new additional revenue will be raised specifically for the trail system. The trail system should be considered a citywide facility. Monies from public facility fees applied to new development could finance acquisition and improvement costs for trails that serve new population only. Other portions of the trail system would serve existing population and public facility fee revenues would not be generated from these areas. Therefore, general fund monies will probably be required to fund trails which serve the existing population. • The trail system's acquisition and improvement costs could be financed with a general obligation bond, which would require two-thirds voter approval. The City of San Juan Capistrano and the East Bay Regional Park District recently achieved two-thirds voter approval for general obligation bonds to finance park, open space, and trail acquisition and development. The City may negotiate with developers either to develop the trail segments within their property, or to pay an in-lieu fee so that the City may develop the trail segment. Proposition H, passed in 1982, requires voter approval of City general fund expenditures for any single project where costs exceed $1 million. Acquisition and improvements funded by special assessments are not subject to this measure. Since the ordinance which implements this measure (Chapter 1.24 of the Municipal Code) states that a project "may not be separated into parts or phases so as to avoid the effects of this chapter," the City will have to determine whether the trail system plan constitutes one or several projects. protection which will be estimated by the respective departments, this estimate also any recreation program costs the City wishes to offer related to the trail system. In early years, as the trail system is being developed and is smaller, annual maintenance costs should be less; Phase 1 maintenance costs equal an estimated $70,000. • Since the trail system serves the citywide population, incorporating the trail system maintenance costs into the existing citywide lighting and landscaping assessment district may be the most appropriate approach. Issues Summary If the council decides to include the implementation of a trail system as a component in the City's open space and recreation planning, there are a number of issues upon which action needs to be taken. Each of the points listed below represents a summary of the policy and action issues which must be addressed. A fuller discussion of each issue is included in the Issues Discussion section. Primary Issues • Staff should be directed to include planning for the trail system into the wider open space planning context, specifically through inclusion in the forthcoming development of the Open Space and Conservation Resource Management Plan (Task 7 in the City's 1990 Open Space Workplan), and in the Open Space and Conservation, and Parks and Recreation Elements of the General Plan; A decision will need to be made in the short term over funding for a demonstration linkage, if that is to be achieved in fiscal year 1991 -1992.' C C Total annual maintenance cost for the trail system is an estimated $290,000 (in 1990 dollars). This excludes costs for police and fire • The City will need to make a policy decision regarding the type of ownership which will be used for the trails system. It has been assumed Trails Feasibility Study 3 by this study that City ownership of the primary trails network is to be preferred. The Risk Manager and the City Attorney should review existing terms of the City's liability policy in order to ensure coverage of trails-related incidents. • The City should choose a financing strategy for acquisition, improvements, and maintenance which is equitable, recognizing that the trail system will be a citywide facility serving both existing and new populations. Secondary Issues • Consideration should be given to allocation of responsibility for the planning, administration of implementation, operations, and maintenance of the trails system. Decisions will need to be made over which department is responsible for which actions, the amount of budget allocations required for those actions, and the adequacy of existing staffing to meet these new responsibilities. This study identifies the primary trails network throughout the City. However, the system would be much more effective if a system of secondary trails were to connect into the main system. A policy would need to be adopted speaking to creation of secondary trails and their relationship to the City's primary trail system. The City must ensure that future park designs take account of, and make appropriate provision for, the completion of the trail system. • It is recommended that the City prepare a master plan for Hosp Grove, defining its use as a passive recreational site for trails and related facilities such as staging areas, picnic sites, and viewpoints. 4 Trails Feasibility Study The City should prepare a master plan for the trails use of the area around Lake Calavera. This study should assess the precise boundaries of any future trails use in this Special Resource Area in relation to: the proposed golf course, the sensitive environmental context, access for staging purposes, and use of the old quarry. • The City should make a detailed study of the potential to increase its Quimby Ordinance dedication requirements in order to assess the impacts and potential for use of this enabling legislation for dedication of trail land. • For the purpose of implementing the trail system (and for the possible preparation of a booklet or map advertising the trail system) the City will need to break the trail system down into separate linkages each of which forms a coherent excursion for the trail user. (This is in contrast with the trail linkages breakdown in this study which is based upon acquisition and implementation criteria rather than use pattern criteria.) Linkages will go from one key node to another, or form loops based on key access points. The City should monitor trail use and, where peak areas of the trail system are determined to pose negative impacts due to mixed use, be prepared to restrict mixed bicycle and pedestrian use. The City should prepare and adopt a set of design guidelines for development of the trail system. These guidelines will not only be used internally to guide City projects, but also may be distributed to private developers to assist in preparation of their planning and design submittals. • As part of the preparation of design guidelines for the trail system, the City should prepare a list of acceptable plant species which conform both to the natural landscape aesthetic and water conservation needs. II I I I I I I I I I I I I I G 0 The City should develop a system of signage for the trail system describing both what specific information will be communicated, and the design of the signs and markers which will be used. The City should discuss with other agencies and communities in the region the types of regional signage needed where connections will be made between different communities' trails systems. If a coordinated approach could be determined in advance, it would probably be of benefit to all parties. • The City should identify locational criteria for and design appropriate road signage to identify the trail system to City motorists. course in Linkage No. 13 and the service access road in Linkage No. 43. Many of the landscape resources in the City which are potentially of most interest to the trail user, are also the most environmentally sensitive. The City will have to plan and design the interaction of trails and environmental resources with care so as not to destroy the very resource the trail design is seeking. The City should establish and maintain periodic contact with surrounding jurisdictions to ensure that the linkages necessary to achieve a regionally connecting trail system are effected. C C C C G C C D C • The City should consider development of an interpretive program to be implemented along with the trail system. The City should consider preparation of a trails booklet describing the system so as to make residents and visitors aware of the resources available. The booklet could also be used to present rules and advice on use of the trail system and interpretive information. Recommendations regarding the construction and location of furniture should be included in the overall development of design guidelines for the trail system. The City should consider commencing negotiations regarding secondary trails use of San Diego Gas & Electric (SDG&E) powertine easements in the near future, given the apparent reticence of Southern California Edison (SCE) to permit such secondary uses and the impending merger potential of SDG&E and SCE. The City should initiate the necessary internal design and negotiation steps necessary to implement the shared use of the water drainage • The City should lobby with regional organizations such as SANDAG for the completion of a regional trails study to identify feasibility and outline a program for implementation of a regional trails system. The Fire Chief must be given the authority to close trail linkages as deemed necessary during dry spells. • The City should develop a trails patrol police unit using either motorcycles or mountain-bikes or a combination of the two. It should be noted that the costs of equipping and operating such a unit are not included in this study. Staging areas in particular and other trail sections close to the road system should be designed to facilitate surveillance by police patrol units. • The City should introduce ordinances prohibiting the carrying of glass bottles, alcohol, matches and other ignition devices, and any other articles considered dangerous onto the trail system. Trails Feasibility Study 5 I I I I I I I Early involvement of agencies such as the California Department of Fish and Game, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Coastal Commission, _ the Environmental Protection Agency, and the U.S. Army Corps of • Engineers will help ensure that the trail system is planned and designed " in an environmentally sensitive manner consistent with agency requirements. • The trail design at certain road intersections will have to provide barriers which prevent public vehicular use of the trails but also allow for maintenance/emergency vehicular access as needed. Removable or knockdown bollards or some form of locked gateway device may have to be installed. Design guidelines for the trail system should address this issue. • The City must be conscious of the economic value of land acquired for the trail system, and, while implementing the trail system, should weigh the cost/benefit of each link that requires public purchase once an independent appraisal is made. • The City will have to determine whether the trail system constitutes one or several projects under the terms of Proposition "H." 6 Trails Feasibility Study I I I I I I I c D C C c c G C C t Trails Network Map 01 FIGURE CARLSBAD TRAILS PLAN W R 8 7ra/7s Feasibility Study I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I u \ ISSUES DISCUSSION I e B C C C G C G 0 C Introduction The 1973 Open Space and Conservation Element of the Carlsbad General Plan contain general statements and references to the concept of the City pursuing a citywide, interconnecting trail system. In particular the 1973 Prime Open Space and Conservation Map depicts corridors and linkages between major open space areas. However, when the 1982 Park and Recreation Element was adopted no specific policies or action programs regarding a comprehensive trail system were included. This apparently reflected decisions against pursuing a trails system because of the level of improvement costs, ongoing maintenance costs, public liability, impact on private property where the trail might have to be adjacent to homeowners private yards, and perceived security and policing problems. In 1989, the Citizen's Committee to Study Open Space concluded its review of open space planning in the City and made a number of recommendations for future policy action regarding open space in general and trails in particular. On trails the committee recommended that: "Since surveys by the state have shown that the most popular outdoor activities, and those with the greatest participation, are individual pursuits such as walking and hiking, the committee recommends unanimously that the City Council give high priority to studies preparatory to establishing a trail system throughout the City." This feasibility study represents the culmination of the first step towards possible implementation of a citywide trail system. The intent of this study is to give the City Council and others the information necessary on which to base policy and administrative decisions regarding trails in the City of Carlsbad. It is important to note that the trail network studied in this report is intended to form the primary linkages only. While establishing this primary network as the backbone of the final system, it will also be important to ensure that developments surrounding the primary trails take advantage of the opportunity, and ensure adequate access to the primary system, through the integration of a secondary network of trails which will lead through the development and connect it to the main system. There are three types of trail included in the feasibility study: 1) A fully improved paved trail type which would be used in the most urban and heavily used sections of the trail system - this type would be fully accessible to the handicapped; 2) an unpaved trail type which is intended to be only minimally improved in order to allow a more rural trail aesthetic; 3) and a few trail linkages which would use the sidewalk and bike lanes in the road right-of-way - this last type is to be used only where aligning the trail in a separate right-of-way is not possible. In selecting alignments for the trail system the study commenced with the alignments indicated on the 1989 Comprehensive Open Space Network Map produced as part of the conclusions of the Citizen's Committee to Study Open Space. From this starting point the intention was to link together key recreational opportunities in the City, including park sites and key natural resource areas. A secondary concern was to provide an alternative non-vehicular transportation system throughout the City. For all alignments the first choice of location was to be in an unimproved open space corridor away from any roadway. The second choice was to locate the trail within a powerline easement. Third choice was to locate the trail within its own right of way parallel to a roadway. Only where none of these options was available does the trail system use sidewalks and bike lanes to connect together open space linkages. Trails Feasibility Study 9 Trails and the Overall Open Space System In August 1989, as part of the conclusions of the Citizen's Committee to Study Open Space, the City prepared a Comprehensive Open Space Network Map. Based on a plan showing the distribution of General Plan designated open space, approved Master Plan open space, and environmentally constrained areas, the map indicated two broad concepts: 1. The idea of greenway corridors which would link together most of the major open space areas of the City into a connected open space system weaving throughout the urban and suburban development; 2. A set of conceptual alignments for a citywide trail system linking the different neighborhoods of the City and the main parks and open space areas. In many cases the two ideas - greenways and trails - were coincident. However, in a number of cases the map indicated open space greenways without a trail, and also in places trail linkages that were not within open space. It must be stressed that the purpose of this study was to study the feasibility of the trails component only (a process which has required the refinement in site-planning detail of alignments for the trail links). This study does not include analysis, observations, or recommendations regarding the greenways. The intent of the Citizen's Committee to Study Open Space (as clearly shown in the Comprehensive Open Space Network Map) was to indicate a trail system which would fall, wherever possible, within open space. If the open space setting for the trails is to be achieved it is essential that the City undertake to prepare an open space plan which will address acquisition (or other means of reservation) of the open space areas and greenways. Specifically this should be included as part of the forthcoming development of the Open Space and Conservation Resource Management Plan (Task 7 in the City's 1990 Open Space Workplan), and in the Open Space and Conservation, and Parks and Recreation Elements of the General Plan. 10 Trails Feasibility Study Issue: The City must ensure that planning for open space is coordinated with planning for the trail system. In particular integration must occur in the forthcoming development of the Open Space and Conservation Resource Management Plan (Task 7 in the City's 1990 Open Space Workplan), and in the Open Space and Conservation, and Parks and Recreation Elements of the General Plan. Trails and Community Parks One of the objectives of preparing alignments for the trail system was to connect the various existing and proposed community parks located throughout the City. The system developed in this study connects with all the major community park sites in the City: • Hosp Grove Park; • Larwin Park; • Calavera Park; • Veterans Memorial Park; • Altamira Park; • Poinsettia Park; • Alga Norte Park; • Carrillo Ranch; and • Stagecoach Park. It is intended that connection from one side of the park to the other will be achieved through the park site itself. In those sites not yet designed and constructed this should become one of the design criteria. Any alignments indicated through park sites in this report are to be considered general concepts only which will be revised during master planning and design development of each park site. No significant improvements will be required at the two existing park sites: I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I D B D At Calavera Park the trails connecting through the park are only intended to carry pedestrians, who would be able to use existing paths through the park itself; At Stagecoach Park pedestrian and bicycle trails connecting at opposite sides of the park will be directed around its perimeter on Mission Estancia (the connections of Links No. 42,43 and 44). The introduction of Unk No. 41 may require the addition of a new path along the western perimeter of the park site. Special Resource Areas are recreational sites characterized by the existence of a special or unusual feature, natural or man-made, i.e.; a water body, earth formation, historical amenity, ecological reserve, etc." This definition seems to effectively encompass two areas which have potential for trails oriented use. The two areas being considered are Hosp Grove and an area around Lake Calavera. In both cases the intent of a trails-oriented Special Resource Area would be to provide an essentially unimproved natural area for hiking and bicycle use. Aside from minimal grading and improvements for the trails themselves, the only improvements envisaged would be for staging areas close to road access, minimal picnic sites, and viewpoints. c 0 c D 0 Part of the Hosp Grove area (in the north of the City) is included in the 1988 Draft Parks and Recreation Element as a community park site of 27 acres. It is assumed in this study that this area will only be minimally improved, with trails being the primary activity. An additional issue with regard to the interaction of parks and the trail system is the projected use of some of the park sites as a means for parking and use as staging areas for access to the trail system. While this should not create any significant problems, it is possible that additional use of parking areas, in particular, may over-stretch the resources at the park sites. It is recommended that the City monitor this situation carefully and ensure that any need for additional parking at park sites should be addressed. At park sites not yet constructed the inclusion of trails usage should form part of the design process. Issue: The City must ensure that future park designs take account of and make appropriate provision for the completion of the trail system. Special Resource Areas Parks planning in Carlsbad identifies a primary classification system for park sites which includes three types: Community Parks, Special Use Areas, and Special Resource Areas. This last category is defined as including sites which "...provide a unique character, [and] are largerthan community parks. Hosp Grove includes a 27-acre Community Park site and a 49.55-acre open space area. It is recommended that the City undertake to prepare a master plan for the entire Hosp Grove area. As planning for the City's park system includes the 27-acre parcel at Hosp Grove as a community park, it is recommended that this classification continue. However the open space area could reasonably be reclassified as a Special Resource Area for trails use through the eucalyptus woodland. In the 1988 Parks and Recreation Element, Lake Calavera is included as a 252-acre Special Resource Area. This acreage is now being proposed intended to accommodate a golf course around the lake. This intended facility is at present the subject of a separate planning and design study and it will be necessary for the City to integrate the golf course proposals with any future trails use. A number of issues remain undecided regarding the golf course which will affect planning for the trails area including access - what direction should it come from, and how the area will be classified. Also undecided is the policy issue of whether golf courses will be allowed 100 percent credit towards the 15 percent additional open space growth management performance standard. The area around Lake Calavera falls within the additional 15 percent requirement. If the golf course does not obtain full credit, then additional acreage could be used for acquisition of the trails area. C Trails Feasibility Study 11 Issues: It is recommended that the City prepare a master plan for Hosp Grove, defining its use as a passive recreational site for trails and related facilities such as staging areas, picnic sites, and viewpoints. The City should prepare a master plan for the trails use of the area around Lake Calavera. This study should assess the precise boundaries of any future trails use Special Resource Area in relation to the golf course, the sensitive environmental context, access for staging purposes, and use of the old quarry. Trails and Parkland Dedication The City currently uses a Quimby Parkland Dedication Ordinance (Chapter 20.44 of the Municipal Code) as a primary mechanism for acquisition of community parks and other active recreation sites. Carlsbad's ordinance requires the dedication of three acres of land per 1,000 population brought to the City in new residential subdivisions. While the pre-1982 Parks and Recreation Element emphasized acquisition of more passive parkland, current policy is to place stringent conditions such that, typically, only land with slopes of less than 10 percent gradient suitable for use in active recreation, is accepted. The amount of acreage which can be obtained through this mechanism is a fundamental foundation for plans to implement the City's park system. If the City pursues a trail system then a clear decision must be made regarding the use or nonuse of Quimby land dedication for the trails system acquisition. While the current ordinance lies at the standard maximum of three acres per thousand permitted by the Quimby enabling legislation, Quimby also permits the level of dedication to be increased to five acres per thousand population where the City's current level of park provision already exceeds three acres per thousand. Depending upon the method of measuring the amount of parkland, it is possible that Carlsbad could be in a position to increase its Quimby dedication requirements. Issues: The City should make a detailed study of the potential to increase its Quimby Ordinance dedication requirements in order to assess the impacts and potential for use of this enabling legislation for dedication of trail land. Classification The trail system as a whole includes a total of 56 miles of pedestrian, bicycle, and joint use trails. The system has been broken down for convenience of discussion and feasibility assessment into 55 segments of various length determined by factors such as changes in ownership and interconnections of one trail orientation to another. Each segment in the feasibility study has been ascribed one of two trail types (except where a separate trail cannot be aligned in which case the trail system would have to follow road right-of-way using sidewalks and bikelanes): Type 1: Paved pedestrian and bike path 2.5 miles Type 2: Unpaved hiking and bike path 46.0 miles Use of Sidewalk/bikelanes: 7.5 miles The majority of the trail system is projected to be unpaved in order to keep improvement costs to an acceptable level and to develop the trail system with a naturalistic aesthetic, consistent with the intent of permitting trail users to come to appreciate better the natural environment upon which the City is built. The intent of paving certain paths is to allow for wheelchair access to portions of the trail system. Paving is also assumed in the more urban sections of the trail system and where especially heavy use is anticipated. The trail system which has been anticipated by this study shows joint use by bicycles and pedestrians of both paved and unpaved paths. The design standards for the paved paths (see Figure 2) show a minimum path width of twelve feet which conforms to the California Department of Transportation standard for joint use. However, in some cases it is possible that joint use of the unpaved trails (for which a minimum width of eight feet is shown on Figure 3) could become dangerous - for example if particularly heavy use 12 Trails Feasibility Study I I I I I I I I I 0 0 I i I I B I Q B D C D 0 D C , r ir-O" min. 16'-0" rain. R.O.W. , 2' 4" strlpini road jr -• . 6'-0"8'-0' 20'-0" R.O.W. 6'-0" . 6'-0" 9 8'-0" 26*-o" n , 6'-0" .o.w. , 6'-0" Paved Pedestrian and Bike Path Design Concepts Gradient: 0-5% Optimum 5-8% For distances < 30'0" 8% Maximum Siting: Most urban of all trails; best in heavy use areas; loops near recreational areas. Pavement can be striped for two-way biking (8'0" minimum); hiking/handicap 4'-6' (two-way wheelchair). Signage for handicapped, drinking fountains. Cross sloped or crowned for drainage. Fire/police/maintenance vehicular access. lO'O" minimum clearance is necessary. Materials: trail: asphalt or concrete (reinforced to carry vehicular load). header: wood or concrete where necessary landscape: drought tolerant, native, low maintenance species that provide barriers, shade, and screening. Right of Way: 26'0" Preferred, minimum in open space corridors 20'0" 16'0" Preferred, minimum elsewhere Minimum 02 F I CURE CARLSBAD TRAILS PLAN W R is made of a trail linkage. In such a case the City might have to either restrict use to pedestrians only, for example, or construct an additional parallel path within the right-of-way and use signage to keep pedestrians and cyclists separated. Issues: For the purpose of implementing the trail system (and for the possible preparation of a booklet or map advertising the trail system) the City will need to combine segments from the feasibility study into separate trail each of which forms a coherent excursion for the trail user. (The trail segments set out in this study are based upon acquisition and implementation criteria rather than use pattern criteria.) Trails will go from one key node to another, or form loops based on key access points. The City should monitor trail use and, where heavy bicycle and pedestrian traffic could lead to conflicts or accidents, be prepared to restrict either bicycle or pedestrian use. Trail Design Guidelines While the purpose of this study has been to assess the feasibility of the trail system, some initial conceptualization of design for the trail system has been necessary in order to predict improvement costs and to guide the development of implementation recommendations. Design guidelines for the two trail types are shown in Figures 2 and 3. In addition to these standard trail types some special circumstances will be encountered in developing the trail system: • Where the trail crosses a road it is recommended that a uniform design be developed so that the City trail system becomes a readily identified and easily found feature of the City landscape. Some conceptual recommendations are described in Figure 4. • Where the trail must follow a regular sidewalk for a short distance in order to link together two sections of open space corridor, it is recommended that a clear marking system be used to identify the route for the trail user. Some conceptual recommendations are described in Figure 5. Issues: The City should prepare and adopt a set of design guidelines for development of the trail system. These guidelines will not only be used internally to guide City projects, but also may be distributed to private developers to assist in preparation of their planning and design submittals. Landscaping Given that a primary intent of the trail system is to allow people access to the natural landscape of the City the general rule applied to the trail system design is that no landscaping in the sense of introducing new planting should be used. The vegetation around the trail will be that of the natural open space. Nevertheless there are a number of circumstances where additional planting will be required. Where construction of the trail requires removal of native vegetation this should be replaced as far as possible; • Wherever possible the trail system should be implemented using the minimum of cut or fill so as to preserve the natural topography and to minimize costs; Where construction of trails or associated facilities leaves engineered cut or fill slopes these should be revegetated with native plantings which are consistent with erosion control needs; 14 Trails Feasibility Study I I I I D I I I I 0 I I I I I 0 I 0 G C c 0 0 D C r2' 11 . 8'-0" min. '10'-0" preferred1,2' 12'-0" mlo. H.O.W. Where appropriate, control vegetation to retain views. Erosion control mechanisms required on steep slopes. 8'-0" min. Use switchbacks on steep terrain. Unpaved Hiking and Bike Path Design Concepts Gradient: 0-5% Optimum 5-10% Acceptable 10-20% For distances < 100' Use switchbacks on steeper grades. Siting: Signage at hazards and intersections; directional signage; "Trail Etiquette" signage for bikes/hiking; facilities at staging areas, trailheads only (restrooms, drinking fountains, telephone, and trash). Based on topography include picnic tables and shade trees. Fencing at hazards; fencing or planting to prevent cutoffs at switchbacks. 8'-0" minimum clearance necessary over trail. lO'-O" clearance preferred. Materials: trail: landscape: compacted dirt; decomposed granite, compacted gravel, woodchips/barkchips, and coarse asphalt only where heavy use or erosion problem. drought tolerant, native, low maintenance species that provide barriers, shade, and scretning. Right of Way: 20'0" Preferred 12'0" Minimum 03 FIGURE CARLSBAD TRAILS PLAN W R Where the introduction of a need for shading occurs such as at trail staging areas and picnic areas, the use of native or naturalized tree species should be used; • In more urban contexts the trail system may in places assume more of the aesthetic of a parkway where a wider diversity of plant material may be introduced. In all cases however the species used should be in keeping with their surrounding context and be drought tolerant; At prominent locations the design guidelines for the trail system call for a readily identifiable ensemble of trail markers, interpretive information, gateways, and associated landscaping. It is recommended that the City select a key tree species or group of species which will be repeated wherever the trail system crosses the road system or at staging areas. For further details on the design of these areas see the Trail Design Guidelines section; • In all cases where new planting occurs water conservation must be a primary concern and only drought tolerant species should be used. Issues: As part of the preparation^ design guidelines for the trail system the City should prepare a list of acceptable plant species which conform both to the natural landscape aesthetic and water conservation needs. Staging Areas Primary access to trails should be via the staging areas. At these points, trail users would be able to park their car, coordinate meetings with other trail users, and learn about the trail system through interpretive and safety oriented signage. Two types of staging area are included: Primary Staging Areas with 20 parking spaces and full facilities including restrooms, and Secondary Staging Areas with only six parking spaces and minimal improvements. 16 Trails Feasibility Study Primary Staging Area - Total Land Area = 0.5 Acres Facilities to include: • 20 parking spaces and driveway • Fencing and gateway • Signage/displays • Restroom • Picnic tables/benches • Trash receptacles • Handicapped drinking fountain • Trees/landscaping • Lighting Secondary Staging Area - Total Land Area = 0.25 Acres Facilities to include: • 6 parking spaces and drive • Fencing and gateway • Signage/displays • Picnic tables/benches • Trash receptacles • Handicapped drinking fountain • Trees/landscaping • Lighting The locations of the various staging areas are shown on Figure 6. It should be noted that in a number of cases the staging areas are within park sites, either existing or projected. With the exception of a staging area at Hosp Grove (which is included because that park site will be developed as a trail oriented location) none of the staging areas within park sites are included in the cost analysis presented by this report. I I I I 0 I I I I I I I I I 0 0 c c D C c O Front Elevation Timber bollards to stop vehicular traffic (can be removed for emergency vehicle access). Warning sign for cyclists: Road Ahead Road striping at intersection. Side Elevation Road Crossing and Information Signage Concepts Wood shingle roof Vandal-proof clear cover Trail maps, descriptions, trail safety rules and interpretive information. Standard trail gateway design concept. Tree formation typical at trail gateways. Timber post identifying trail. See detail next page. Information sign with trail maps and descriptions, etc. See detail above. Stone posts to mark trail. Vehicle warning sign. 04 FIGURE CARLSBAD TRAILS PLAN W R Viewpoints and Picnic Areas The proposed trail system includes picnic areas and viewpoints. Key opportunities for such facilities have been identified in this feasibility study, although it should be recognized that other potential sites will probably be discovered as implementation of the system proceeds. The sites are included in the cost estimates for the system, in terms of acquisition, improvement, and maintenance costs. For the purpose of cost estimates it has been assumed that both of these classes of facilities would occupy a site of 0.25 acres. The locations of viewpoints and picnic areas included in the study are shown on Figure 7. As with the staging areas, those viewpoints and picnic areas which fall within community park sites, other than Hosp Grove, have not been included in the cost estimates as it is assumed that such facilities would be included in the park design regardless of whether the trail system proceeds or not. Signage and Interpretive Information Aside from interpretive signage and information (see below) there are three areas of concern in terms of signage for the trail system which need to be considered: 1) signage along the trails themselves; 2) compatibility of the signage with the wider regional trail system beyond the City; 3) and signage along the roads in the City needed to alert motorists of trail crossings and of the location of trail access opportunities and staging areas. 1. Carlsbad Trails Signage An important component of the trails improvements will be the provision of adequate signage. Three primary types of signage/marker are envisaged for the Carlsbad trail system. Concepts for the signage are shown on Figures 4 and 5. • Along the trails at intervals of one mile (to provide a regular measure of progress) and at junctions of trails, the City should place a simple marker post bearing, at a minimum, the name/number of the trail and the type of use permitted. A simple wooden post could have a number of metal/enamel plaques attached to communicate necessary information. Where the trail has to use a sidewalk in order to connect two open space corridors it is suggested that a simple painted marker be placed on the sidewalk at regular intervals to guide the trail user. In Figure 5 a painted dot is shown as one possibility. Other symbols could be employed instead, or the City could opt for a more expensive solution using signposts. At staging areas and other access points to the trail system the City should erect a signboard containing at least a map of the trail system, rules for trail use, and guidance on trail safety. It Is also recommended that the City use these signboards to communicate interpretive information. • At viewpoints the City should provide information pertaining to landmarks and to the location of other trails in the visible area. Viewpoints would also be ideal locations for other interpretive information. In as far as the trail system is intended to foster public understanding of the City's natural landscape, the trail experience may be viewed as a narrative one - the trail tells a story of the City. Viewpoints are a key location for that narrative to unfold. 2. Regional Trails Signage The issue of regional connecting trails is much discussed at present in north San Diego County and it may be supposed that regional trails will be developed in the future. Such a system of trails may develop its own signage system with distinctive signposts or other markers. These could easily be added to the Carlsbad trails signage without detracting from the value of either system. If the regional system were to develop a small logo or symbol, then a small metal/enamel plaque such as that suggested above for the Carlsbad trail signage could be added to the wooden posts already in place. I I I I I I I I 18 Trails Feasibility Study I I I I I n o i D D Front Elevation Side Elevation Timber Trail Identification Post Trail Marker Design Concepts Information plaques to be placed on trail identification posts. See detail at left. 05 F 1 G U RE c E C 0 D C 0 c Timber post identifying trail. See detail above. Information sign with trail map and descriptions. See detail previous page. 20' -0" on center typical Dots to direct trail users to the continuing path; to be painted on sidewalk. CARLSBAD TRAILS PLAN W R 3. RoadSignage It is important that people driving along Carlsbad's road system should be made aware of the existence of the trail system. Signs should be located and designed to be legible from the window of a moving vehicle. Such signs should both identify points where access can be gained to the trail system (i.e., advise of a nearby staging area) and warn motorists on the approach to at-grade trail road-crossings in order to mitigate against accidents. Issues: The City should develop a system of signage for the trail system. It will be necessary to determine both what specific information will be communicated and the design of the signs and markers which will be used. The City should discuss with other agencies and communities in the region the types of regional signage needed where connections will be made between different communities' trails systems. A coordinated approach, determined in advance, would be of benefit to all parties. The City should identify locational criteria for and design appropriate road signage to identify the trail system to City motorists. Interpretive Information and Program It is recommended that the City develop an interpretive program to accompany the development of the trails system. This program could enhance the function of the trail system as a means of allowing trail users to understand and appreciate the natural and cultural landscape of the City. Interpretive information could be presented on signage located along the trail system as well as in an overall leaflet/booklet describing the trail system. (Special leaflets could also be prepared discussing flora and fauna, cultural 20 Trails Feasibility Study sites, and other themes which can be accessed through the trail system.) The use of interpretive signage should be focused on the staging areas and at points of special interest and viewpoints. At key access locations, especially the staging areas, the interpretive d isplay or signage should include information pertaining to safety of the trail user and setting rules for trail use. Rules should include bans on: • Trail access, if the trail has been closed because of fire hazard; • Smoking, fires, and use of firearms; • Removal of any plant material, minerals, archaeological artifacts, or animals; • Use of short cuts - trail users should be advised to stay on the trail path; • Leaving any trash; • Dumping or fly-tipping. Advice on personal safety could include: • Carrying water and appropriate food especially on longer and wilder- ness trails; • Appropriate footwear and clothing; • Identification, avoidance, and treatment for poison oak; • Information on rattlesnakes; • A telephone number to call for further information on the trails; • A telephone number for police and other emergency service assis- tance; • The location of the nearest public telephone. Issues: The City should consider development of an interpretive program to be implemented along with the trail system. I I I I E I I I I G I I I I I n i c c 0 I 0 Staging Areas Primary Staging Area Secondary Staging Area 06 F 1 G U RE C A RL S B AD TRAILS PLAN W R The City should consider preparation of a trails booklet describing the system so as to make residents and visitors aware of the resources available. The booklet could also be used to present rules and advice on use of the trail system and interpretive information. Furniture The only furniture that has been specifically included in the cost analysis is associated with the staging areas, picnic areas, and viewpoints. It is likely however that additional furniture such as benches at convenient resting places, and at secondary overlooks created by the detailed design of the trail alignment, will be desirable on most of the trails. (The projected improvement costs for each trail segment includes an allowance for additional items such as furniture.) It is recommended that in all cases this furniture be of a construction which will enhance the aesthetic of the trail system. Therefore, in addition to ensuring use of sturdy and safe construction, it is recommended that the City utilize primarily natural materials such as stone and wood. The City may wish to formulate a set of detailed design standards for trail furniture. Issues: Recommendations regarding the construction and location of furniture should be included in the overall development of design guidelines for the trail system. Lighting To maintain the natural feel of the trail system and to keep improvement costs to a minimum the use of lighting for the trail system has been assumed only at the staging areas. Lighting may eventually be used along some of the trail links depending upon the detailed design of that link in the context of its surrounding development. For example, it seems quite likely that the western end of trail Link No. 22 which will probably be part of the commercial "Promenade" development would be lighted. However, the use of lighting in such instances has been assumed to be a development project related 22 Trails Feasibility Study issue and neither recommendations nor costs for such lighting are included in this feasibility study. Road Crossings and Bridges In many places trails will cross the City's roads. In developing the trail alignments, road crossings were designed wherever possible to coincide with existing or planned traffic signals so as to avoid special costs to the trail system. In the majority of cases this proved possible. However, in a small number of cases, for safety or other reasons as specified in the linkages descriptions, special pedestrian crossing traffic signals or bridges have had to be included. Additionally the system includes three bridges to cross natural landscape features - preconstructed bridges crossing a small canyon and a small stream and riparian area and a concept for a floating pontoon bridge to cross Agua Hedionda Lagoon. The special road crossings and bridges and their associated costs are as follows: Trail Unkage No. 15 18 46 47 48 Facility Pedestrian traffic signal Pontoon bridge Bridge Bridge Bridge TOTAL Cost $100,000 200,000 50,000 50,000 50.000 $450.000 Joint Uses In certain cases the trail system follows along an alignment where the trail itself is a shared use of the right-of-way. The primary example of this occurs where the trail system falls within SDG&E powerline easements and right-of-ways. Where SDG&E has a powerline, they typically allow secondary uses such as a trail system. It should be noted, however, that Southern California Edison (SCE) has a less cooperative policy in this regard and if the merger of SDG&E and SCE proceeds this type of trail alignment I I I I D I I I I I I I I I 0 I c c c I D Q D C Viewpoints and Picnic Areas 07 FIGURE Viewpoint Picnic Area CARLSBAD TRAILS PLAN W R T and if the merger of SDG&E and SCE proceeds this type of trail alignment may be difficult to achieve. In most cases SDG&E maintains a service access road along their powerline easements/ right-of-ways. This service road could, in many cases, become the trail itself. In such cases SOG&E have provisionally indicated that they would consider sharing the maintenance costs of the trail/road. (I n order to ensure that the maintenance cost estimates are not unrealistically optimistic, this sharing of costs has not been assumed in projecting annual trail system maintenance costs.) While the secondary trail use may be granted by SDG&E it should be noted that they are required under Section 69C of the Public Utilities Code to maintain the right to rescind the secondary use. Links with shared use of SDG&E powerlines are shown on Figure 8. The other joint uses in the trail system are: Link No. 13: The western portion of this link is anticipated to run along the shoulder of a City owned water drainage course. Initial discussion with the City Utilities and Maintenance Department has indicated that this should be feasible. Link No. 43: There is an existing service access road along the north shore of the lagoon for Utilities and Maintenance Department access to a sewer line. For much of this link the trail will be able to use this road. Issues: The City should consider commencing negotiations regarding secondary trails use of SDG&E powerline easements in the near future given the apparent reticence of SCE to permit such secondary uses and the impending merger of SDG&E and SCE. The City should initiate the necessary internal design and negotiation steps necessary to implement the shared use of the water drainage course in Linkage No. 13 and the service access road in Linkage No. 43. Environmental Issues The City has a range of natural resources including water bodies, riparian habitat, chaparral and coastal sage scrub, and naturalized tree groves which have varying capacity to accommodate human land uses. The trail system must be sited and designed so as to avoid negative impacts on these resources. In particular the wetland and riparian areas of the City and areas of chaparral and scrub with sensitive and/or rare and endangered species will have to be carefully treated. In assessing the physical feasibility of the system account was taken of these resources. If the City decides to implement the trail system, full environmental review will have to form part of the planning and design process on each proposed project. Agency review, permits, and approvals will affect almost all proposed improvements which may have impacts on environmental resources. Early negotiation with and involvement of environmental agencies will help ensure effective implementation of the trail system. (See Approvals and Permits section.) Issues: Many of the landscape resources in the City which are potentially of most interest to the trail user are also the most environmentally sensitive. The City will have to plan and design the interaction of trails and environmental resources with care so as not to destroy the very resource the trail design is seeking. Surrounding Communities The City of Carlsbad is bounded by four other cities: Oceanside, Vista, San Marcos, and Encinitas, and for a small distance by the County of San Diego. Each of these jurisdictions have their own trail planning efforts, each at different levels of detail and stages of implementation. As part of this feasibility study contact was made with all the jurisdictions to ensure the development of concepts and alignments which would be compatible with those of the surrounding areas. A summary of the issues regarding each community is presented below. 24 Trails Feasibility Study I I I I 0 0 I I I G I I I I I I n o D I C c C I c c Q Joint Uses •• • San Diego Gas & Electric Maintenance Access • • • City of Carlsbad Utilities and Maintenance Department Access 08 FIGURE CARLSBAD TRAILS PLAN W R Oceanside With the exception of the north-south linkage along the coastal railroad corridor (Link No. 10), there is only one strong trail linkage opportunity between the City of Carlsbad and the City of Oceanside. (The physical barrier presented by Route 78 and the Buena Vista Lagoon effectively preclude any other possibilities.) The one linkage identified by this study (other than the regional link along the railroad) connects Lake Calavera with a neighborhood park which has recently been constructed in the City of Oceanside, immediately to the south of Lake Boulevard, just beyond the northeast corner of the City of Carlsbad. (See Link No. 10 on Map Sheet No. 3.) Additional linkages between the two cities have tentatively been identified within the road R.O.W.'s along Hill Street, Jefferson, El Camino Real, Rancho del Oro, and the future alignment of College. These will however only comprise bike lanes and sidewalks and, as such, do not fall within the type of trail system being considered within this feasibility study. It is recommended that the City of Carlsbad ensure that any future planning for bicycle circulation take account of linkages to Oceanside. Vista Exhibit "E" of the Bicycle, Hiking and Equestrian Trails Element of the Vista General Plan is a plan which indicates a number of trail links emanating to the north and east from Lake Calavera into Vista. All of these alignments (which are shown very conceptually) run through already developed areas of the City of Oceanside. Vista is also conceptually considering a trail linkage westward from Buena Vista Park into the City of Carlsbad. In this case field investigation and assessment of ownership revealed the only feasible link to run across the top of a steep slope held under seven different ownerships, from whom access rights would have to be purchased. Given that the trail would have clear vision into the homes concerned, this whole linkage seemed very unlikely to succeed. Moreover, with access to Squires Dam limited, and the views of the reservoir from afar being cluttered with heavy civil engineering structures, it was not felt that this linkage was worth pursuing. The City of Vista also indicates on Exhibit "E" a link along Melrose Drive. This could be connected to Linkage No. 26 in this study. 26 Trails Feasibility Study San Marcos The City of San Marcos City Council has recently adopted a Parks and Recreation Master Plan which includes a citywkte trails system. Two linkages are shown in the San Marcos plan which connect to Carlsbad. Both of these linkages have proved feasible within Carlsbad and are included in this feasibility study as Linkages No. 36 and No. 53. The trail in San Marcos connecting to Linkage No. 53 is shown as including equestrian use. However planning for the Carlsbad trail system has not included equestrian use and the City of Carlsbad should communicate to San Marcos regarding this incompatibility. Encinitas The City of Encinitas General Plan Recreation Element includes conceptual trail connections. Although the feasibility of the connections has not been assessed, the City is proceeding with implementation of the intent of the linkages, in most cases achieving connection even though the alignment may not correspond in detail with that indicated in the General Plan. One primary potential linkage exists into the most southeasterly corner of the Carlsbad system. Linkage No. 55 of this feasibility study has been aligned so as to effect a connection into Encinitas which will lead into the proposed Escondido Creek Trail — the spine of the Encinitas trail system - which will eventually lead to the San Elijo Lagoon. A second potential linkage between the two cities may occur to the west of El Camino Real and the final alignment of Link No. 50 of this study should be coordinated with Encinitas. It is also possible that a secondary trail spur could lead from No. 50 west up to a ridgetop where the City of Encinitas is proposing the construction of Ecke Park. The third linkage opportunity lies along the coastal railroad - Linkage No. 40. San Diego County The San Dieguito Community Planning Area Riding and Hiking Trails Plan (adopted as General Plan Amendment - GPA 87-03, Item 4) indicates a I I I I 0 c I I I c I I I I I D D D I C c I 0 c L Demonstration Project Proposed Demonstration Trail Route 09 FIGURE CARLSBAD TRAILS PLAN W R proposed trail corridor crossing county land between the City of Carlsbad and the City of San Marcos. It is possible that this connection could be implemented, and if so, could have potential for linking into the Carlsbad system. However the county map was prepared with very minimal study and many of the indicated alignments are not practicable. It has not been possible to confirm the validity of indicating a trail in this area. If at some future date this county trail connection were to be completed the short easterly spur of Linkage No. 53 is designed to make this connection. Issues: The City should establish and maintain periodic contact with surrounding Jurisdictions to ensure that the linkages necessary to achieve a regionally connecting trail system are effected. The City should lobby with regional organizations such as SANDAG for the completion of a regional trails study to identify feasibility and outline a program for implementation of a regional trail system. Safety: Police and Fire As part of this feasibility study, meetings were held with the Police and Fire Departments in order to gain their input and understand their concerns with regard to implementation of a trails system. Neither department felt that a trails system was unduly difficult with regard to carrying out their responsibilities. However both had concerns and both foresaw an increase in operating (and possibly capital) costs. The following issues were discussed: Police Department The concerns of the Police Department focus on the prevention of illegal activities both on the trail system and adjacent to the trail system - for example using trails as a means of access to private property. The Police Department already has an off-road patrol component using two motorcycles and is currently studying the potential for establishment of a 28 Trails Feasibility Study mountain-bike patrol unit. The trails could be patrolled using either motorbikes or mountain bikes or a combination of the two. The use of mountain bikes would be more consistent with preserving the rural integrity of the trail system. Some of the larger trail systems in California operate an independent security force, but the Carlsbad Police Department indicated that this would not be seen as a preferred option. Given the relatively small size of the Carlsbad trails system (it is a citywide but not a regional system) a separate security force seems unlikely to be cost effective in any case. The Police Department believe that the majority of law enforcement problems are likely to occur close to the road system and especially near to staging areas. The design of staging areas in particular and other trail sections close to the road system should be designed to facilitate surveillance by police patrol units. The Inclusion of lighting in the staging areas will help prevent inappropriate use patterns at night. With regard to security, generally it should be noted that frequent levels of trail use for legitimate recreational purposes will serve to provide informal monitoring, and discourage inappropriate or illegal activities. Encouragement of trails use through making people aware of the resource, scheduling hiking tours and schools use etc. will not only optimize use of the system but will also serve to preserve the safety of the system. It should be noted that many communities throughout California and the United States have existing trail systems and have not found them to be an undue security problem. Fire Department The Fire Department is responsible for both fire prevention and control, and the operation of the City's paramedic service. With regard to fire control the primary concern is over public access through scrub and brush areas during the dry season when fire risk is at its greatest. The presence of the trail leading to increased public use of wilderness areas may increase the incidence of brush fires. It should be noted however that in many cases the proposed trails are already unofficially used either for recreation or for residence by homeless/migrant workers. The fire risk from legitimate activities replacing existing activities may not be significantly increased. It will be important to coordinate the final alignment and design of trail links with the Fire Department so as to ensure optimum avoidance of fire risk. It will also be necessary for the Fire Chief to have the authority to close certain I I I I I I I G I I I I I I D I B C c G I C C c c trail sections when fire hazard is especially high - even if this means closing linkages for the whole summer. Again, it should be noted that the nearby City of Poway has a trail system that leads through extensive and often isolated areas of scrubland and there does not appear to have been any significant incidence of fire associated with the trail system. With regard to the paramedic service, the concern of the Fire Department is over the ability to retrieve injured parties from the trail system. In terms of enhancing response time it is recommended that staging information boards include directions to the nearest public telephone. The possibility of including telephones the trails was considered but rejected as too expensive. However, the City might consider locating public phones at key locations in the future. (Many of the staging areas for the trails system would be at public park sites which typically include public telephones among their improvements.) Issues: The Fire Chief must be given the authority to close trails as deemed necessary during dry spells. The Police Department should develop a trails patrol using either motorcycles or mountain bikes or a combination of the two. It should be noted that the costs of equipping and operating such a unit are not Included In this study. Staging areas in particular and other trail sections close to the road system should be designed to facilitate surveillance by police patrol units. The City should introduce ordinances prohibiting carrying onto the trail system items such as glass bottles, alcohol, matches and other ignition devices, and any other articles considered dangerous. Vehicular Access The trail system would be closed to any motorized vehicles for recreational purposes. The only vehicular access which would be permitted on the traH system is for: • Maintenance vehicles, either for the trail itself or for other purposes, such as where the trail shares a utility easement and access is required to maintain a waterline or other utility; • Police patrols — possibly using motorcycles; • Fire and paramedic vehicles may need to access the trails system in case of emergencies. Issues: The trail design at certain road intersections will have to provide barriers which prevent public vehicular use of the trails but also allow for maintenance/emergency vehicular access as needed. Removable or knockdown bollards or some form of locked gateway device may have to be installed. Design guidelines for the trail system should address this issue. Demonstration Project As part of its implementation program, it is recommended that the City give consideration to the possibility of a demonstration project: a high profile effort to put in place a prototype trail linkage within a short time of adopting a policy for building a trail system. One possibility for such a demonstration project is shown on Figure 9. It would involve implementation of Linkages No. 23 and No. 24, forming a loop from the future intersection of Cannon Road and El Camino Real, along the south side of Cannon Road to the future site of Veterans Memorial Park, through the park and up a ridgeline (which affords excellent view over Agua Trails Feasibility Study 29 Hedionda Lagoon), then through open space areas, through the edge of the Kirgis property, between the Kelly Ranch and Evans Point developments (to a viewpoint within the open space area of Evans Point) and back down to the Cannon Road/El Camino Road intersection. A number of attributes suggest this linkages as a demonstration project: From the viewpoint site in the Evans Point development, one can see: most of northeastern Carlsbad, including the area around Lake Calavera; much of the remainder of the eastern portion of the City, out to the ridgelines, and potential links with trails in San Marcos; • The trail would include a second potential viewpoint with vistas of both Agua Hedionda Lagoon and the ocean; • The trail would include one of the City's most important future community parks; • The two major private properties affected by these trail linkages (Kelly Ranch and Evans Point) are both in the process of negotiating development approvals and their development is scheduled in the near future; phasing would be consistent with early implementation of the demonstration project. Existing conceptual plans for the Evans Point development indicate use of an old barn as a study/interpretive center. This center could be linked into the trail system and might also serve as a trail staging area. In order to implement this trail, it will be necessary to negotiate an alignment from the Evans Point and Kelly Ranch developments through the Upland Industries (Carlsbad Research Center) development and/or the Kirgis property, to the Macario Canyon property already owned by the city (APN 212-020-38: Upland Industries, APN 212-010-03: Kirgis). It is anticipated that the City might have to purchase open space for trail right-of-way along a 600-foot length of Linkage No. 24. 30 Trails Feasibility Study The cost of such a linkage would vary according to the percentage of the trail acquisition and improvements for which dedication can be negotiated. Issues: The City will have to take almost Immediate budgetary action If a demonstration linkage is to be implemented in fiscal year 1991 - 1992. As for most of the linkages, the City will have to negotiate with developers for alignments and dedications. Given that these properties are being planned and designed at this time, the need for negotiation is immediate. Ownership City fee simple ownership of trail linkages and associated right-of-ways is the most secure form of ownership forthe trails system. The feasibility study has assumed that fee simple is is the preferred type of ownership for the citywide trail system as the city would need ownership to ensure continued access rights and consistent improvement and maintenance standards, fee simple ownership is feasible in most cases. However, where the trail system has to pass along a utility easement, such as an SDG&E powerline easement, the trail will be a secondary use and will be subject to the ownership system utilized by the primary easement holder. In the case of SDG&E powertines, the projected trail system would usually use easements where the underlying land ownership is still held by adjacent private landowners. (SDG&E purchased only easement rights, not the land in fee simple.) In these cases, the trail system will have to pass through privately-owned land and will be subject to successful negotiation of easement rights with the landowner. (SDG&E also has the right of refusal over the granting of secondary use easements.) In a few cases, SDG&E owns the land under their powerlines (especially close to the power plant) and in these cases a secondary use access easement would have to be obtained from SDG&E directly. (It should be noted that SDG&E has a more cooperative policy with regard to secondary uses than Southern California I I I I e i i i c i i i i I I I D C c c y D 0 Edison [SCE]. If the potential merger of SDG&E and SCE does proceed, the potential for secondary uses may be reduced or removed altogether.) The third main type of trail ownership would be for trails to remain under private ownership, for example through the responsibility of a Home Owners Associate (HOA). There are a number of trails in the City already existing under this type of ownership. The problem of this ownership is that access is typically limited to members of the association. While this is clearly not appropriate for the primary trails being studied in this report, it is possible that privately owned and maintained secondary trails within subdivisions could link up to the main trail. Liability As part of this study, a survey was conducted of nine cities in California and the East Bay Regional Park District in order to investigate a range of responses to the issue of liability with regard to a trail system. The individuals interviewed are presented in Appendix A. All of the jurisdictions are "self-insured" against any claims that would be filed against them by trail users. Self-insured cities pay off a judgement against them using their general funds. The limit of a city's self-insurance ranges from $100,000 (Rancho Cucamonga) to $1,000,000 (Burbank). In the event of a claim against a city greater than its self-insurance limit, the city's membership in an insurance "pool," e.g., Independent Cities Risk Management Association. enables payment of judgements from $1,000,000 to $10,000,000. The City of Montebello is the one exception because the County of Los Angeles has jurisdiction over its trail system which fronts a county flood control channel. The County is covered by self-insurance for any dollar amount. All of the jurisdictions surveyed with the exception of the East Bay Regional Parks District reported that they have not had any claims filed against them. The East Bay Regional Parks District has had claims filed. According to the District representative, however, the courts generally have ruled favorably, protecting the recreational use. Most suits Involve one type of user versus another type; for example, an accident between a pedestrian and a bicyclist. In the past, the District tended to settle out of court but now intend to change their policy and will begin to fight most suits. Their experience has been that if there are no real hazards, and the trail is well-maintained and has proper signage, the District can successfully defend Itself. The District has lost one suit in recent years when a juvenile strayed off the trail and drowned in a flood control ditch that was not In the District's jurisdiction. The District was held partly responsible because the trail took the individual to the hazardous area and there was no warning sign. The District had to pay approximately $45,000 in 1989 as a result of the court's decision. Two other agencies were also successfully sued for a total award of approximately $100,000. Other than this case, the District reported that no other major suits have been lost. To reduce the possibility of claims being filed against them by trail users, the various jurisdictions work to maintain the safety and intended design of the trails. Employees and/or volunteers control the growth of weeds, trees, shrubs and bushes; clear away dangerous debris like rocks or broken bottles; post signs warning of potential hazards like rattlesnakes, skunks, poison ivy, etc.; erect and repair fences so unsafe areas are not easily accessible; and patrol the trails on a regular basis. Some national insurance companies will offer specific liability coverage for certain user groups that may use and maintain special segments within the citywide system. State law limits the liability of landowners who make their land available, through easements, to the public. The Recreational Use Statute (California Civic Code Section 846), protects landowners from financial responsibility in the event of injury. I mmunity only applies, however, If the landowner does not charge a fee for the recreational use of the land other than the fee paid by the government or another entity to use the property, and if the landowner does not expressly invite the person onto the property. A property owner who gives permission to enter and use the property (such as on a trail easement) is not expressly inviting use of the property and does not assume responsibility or incur liability for injury. The public enters at its own risk. C Trails Feasibility Study 31 Thus this measure protects landowners from claims by people who stray off the public trail onto the adjacent private open space or property, as well as users of the easement. However, the landowner must warn or guard against a dangerous condition, use, structure, or activity. While this law protects the landowner, it does not preclude a suit from being filed, and the landowner may still have to Invest time and resources in the legal process. The State of California has protected itself (Government Code Section 831.2 and 831.4) from "liability for injuries resulting from natural conditions of state park areas where the only improvements are recreational access road and hiking, riding, fishing, and hunting trails." Section 831.2 states that a public entity is not liable for injuries caused by a natural condition of unimproved public land. Therefore, liability increases as improvements to the property are made. Exposure to liability diminishes if the trail is in a natural state. California also limits liability for public land trusts (Government Code Section 831.5). The land trusts must enter into agreements with the California Coastal Conservancy or the State Public Works Board, which confer the status of "public entity" upon the trust, giving the trust additional limits on liability. Although this plan attempts to address liability issues, the City attorney should be consulted regarding specific liability issues as the trail plan is implemented. Issues: The Risk Manager and the City Attorney should review existing terms of the City's liability policy in order to ensure coverage of trail-related incidents. The experience of other jurisdictions with trail systems is that few suits are likely to ensue from trails use, and that those which do are generally decided in favor of the local jurisdiction. Nevertheless, should suits occur, the City will incur increased defense costs regardless of the outcome. These costs have not been included in the total cost analysis of this report. 32 Trails Feasibility Study Cost Estimate Process The method for estimating trail system acquisition, improvement, and maintenance costs included several steps, as follows: Field Check After a preliminary trail system route was established, those segments in the preliminary system for which acquisition might be more difficult were visually reviewed. During this field check, site characteristics, surrounding land uses, and access opportunities were considered to better determine the type of land that might be acquired fee title or through an easement. Minor changes in the route were suggested that would facilitate acquisition and implementation. Linkages Analysis Acquisition issues vary considerably by location. The preliminary system was divided into 55 discrete linkages for planning purposes. Linkages were defined based on a number of factors, including ownership, zoning, land use, and location within public facility districts. Identification of Linkages Requiring Acquisition After the linkages were designated, probable methods for acquiring the trail system for each linage were identified. Most of the linkages lie either within existing public lands or large ownership areas for which master plans are yet to be approved. Public funds will not be required to purchase trails in these areas since either the land is already owned or will be acquired through land dedications. Trail right-of-way may have to be acquired within certain segments. Those segments that might have to be acquired and the type of ownership, land use, and zoning issues affecting the value of those segments were identified. I I I c L I I I C 1 I I I I B B B c B B C C c L An attempt was made to avoid the need to purchase trail right-of-way by designing the trail system along existing public land, public right-of-way, or large ownerships subject to subdivision approval where dedication is possible. This design strategy reduced anticipated acquisition costs to a relatively minor amount. Cost Estimates for Acquiring the Trail System Purchase costs were estimated for those trail segments to be purchased. These estimates were based on a review of recent land sales in Carlsbad on a per-acre basis (see Table 2), adjusted for inflation and parcel size. Comparable land was defined as parcels with similar zoning and size. Although parcel characteristics were considered, a parcel-by-parcel valuation or appraisal was not conducted. Instead acquisition cost estimates were aggregated, resulting in an order-of-magnitude estimate for acquiring the right-of-way for the total system. The value of trail right-of-way that will be acquired through dedication, per the subdivision approval process, was not estimated since public funds will not be expended. Cost Estimates for Improving the Trail System In order to estimate the improvement costs for implementing the trails system, a general unit cost was developed for each type of trail and for each of the special facilities such as viewpoints and staging areas. Estimates were based both on industry standards for construction costs and on a review of typical cost estimates incurred by other agencies in developing trails. Trail Linkages The costs associated with the two types of trail - paved and unpaved - reflect an allowance for the clearance, grading, surfacing, and associated improvements such as fencing, signage, and occasional minimal landscaping. The general per lineal cost represents an aggregate estimate. Some linkages will probably cost less than the average while others will cost more; the cost estimate process was designed to provide a system-wide evaluation of overall cost implications. The cost estimate of $1 /LF for those links which use a sidewalk and bikeiane along existing or planned roads is to allow for the painting and striping of roadways and/or sidewalks. Trail Type 1 • Paved (per LF) Trail Type 2 - Unpaved (per LF) Sidewalk/Bikelane Primary Staging Area Twenty Parking Spaces and Driveway Fencing and Gateway Signage/Displays Bicycle Racks, etc. Rest room Picnic Tables/Benches Trash Receptacles Handicapped Drinking Fountain Trees/Landscaping Lighting Contingency TOTAL Secondary Staging Area Six Parking Spaces and Drive Fencing and Gateway Signage/Displays Bicycle Racks Picnic Tables/Benches Trash Receptacles Handicapped Drinking Fountain Trees/Landscaping Lighting Contingency TOTAL $46 24 1 8,000 5,000 5,000 4,000 2,000 1,000 2,000 5,000 8,000 4.000 $44,000 Trails Feasibility Study 33 Viewpoints The $10,000 estimated for each viewpoint is intended to allow for the installation of signage/interpretive information and some seating. It is assumed that the construction for viewpoints would be simple and not include any significant built structures. TOTAL Picnic Sites Eight Table/Bench Units Shade Trees Trash Receptacles TOTAL Cost Estimates for Maintaining the Trail System Maintenance and liability costs were estimated based on the survey of existing jurisdictions with trail systems regarding their maintenance costs on a per-mile basis (see below). The Carlsbad trail system studied in this report has two trail types — paved and unpaved. Estimates for the two different types were made on a segment by segment basis. Method for Financing Acquisition, Improvement, and Maintenance Costs After total acquisition, improvement, and maintenance costs were estimated, the appropriate methods for financing such costs were recommended. The survey of existing jurisdictions with trail systems provided some guidance as to how these costs currently are financed in other communities. The recommended method or alternative methods also depended on the estimated magnitude of costs. 34 Trails Feasibility Study Recreational Trail Survey A survey was conducted to gather specific data about recreational trails in a sample of communities. The survey included questions regarding the type and size of each trail system; the cost for improving and maintaining each system; and methods each jurisdiction used for financing the acquisition, improvement, and maintenance of each trail system. Sources included, but were not limited to, employees and officials in a jurisdiction's Park and Recreational Department, Community Services Office, Engineering Department, Planning Department, Public Works Department, Budget Analysts Office, or Risk Management Office (see Appendix A). The data is accurate to the best of each respondent's knowledge. The communities involved in the survey - Burbank, Fontana, Glendora, Montebello, Poway, Rancho Cucamonga, Whittier, and Valencia - are relatively small in size and population, with inhabitants numbering 50-100 thousand. In addition, the East Bay Regional Park District, which serves over 35 communities in the San Francisco Bay Area, and is one of the largest trail systems in the state, was also surveyed. During the survey, our use of the term, "recreational trails," referred to a path, route, roadway, or lane designated for the exclusive use of pedestrians/hikers, joggers/runners.or bicyclists. Equestrian usage was not considered for the purposes of this study. It was understood that vehicular use was prohibited, with the possible exception of emergency vehicles. Maintenance There is considerable difference among the cities and special districts with respect to yearly budgets for maintenance and operations (M/O), depending on the trail type and the extent to which volunteer labor is used. For example: I I I I I I I c I I I I I I B I C c D I B C Budget/Mile/Year N/A $2,000/mi./yr. $6,667/mi./yr. $2,029/mi./yr. $20,000/mi./yr. City/Jurisdiction The City of Burbank and the City of Glendora do not have annual budgets for trail M/O. Volunteers do all of the work and provide all tools and supplies. The City of Fontana allocates funds for trail M/O including personnel and supplies, totaling $2,000 per mile per year. There is an additional outlay of $300 for tods. Finally $144 is designated for an ongoing series of "nature walks." Nine walks are scheduled in a year. A guide is paid $8 an hour to lead these two-hour walks. Fontana's total annual budget is $5,444 for its 2.5-mile trail system. The City of Montebello does not actually pay to maintain its trail system. Since the trail borders a flood control channel, the County of Los Angeles has jurisdiction over the area. County sources indi- cate it costs $10,000 per year to maintain and operate the 1.5 mile trail system in Montebello. The City of Poway allocates $71,000 for the M/O of their 35-mile trail system. This figure is likely to increase because the City is seeking to extend the length of the trails. The California Conservation Corps helps Poway city employees to maintain the trail system and perhaps keep M/O costs from rising too high. The City of Rancho Cucamonga spends the most money per mile, $100,000 annually, for trail system M/O. Their trail is the only one that consists of 100 percent compacted granite that is 4 inches deep and 20 feet wide, and is lighted. The trail is bounded $1,429/mi./yr. N/A $7,000/mi./yr. C along its entire length by PVC (pdyvinylchloride) and concrete rails for safety. The city maintains a tractor, dump truck, and a pickup truck for trail upkeep. Finally Rancho Cucamonga is the only city that does not utilize volunteer labor. The M/O work is contracted out by the city. All of these factors contribute to a relatively high annual M/O budget. The City of Whittier is similar to the City of Montebel- lo, in that the County of Los Angeles has respon- sibility for trail system M/O. The crucial difference is that Whittier actually contracts "with the county, and utilizes Fire Camp workers to help with M/O." Coun- ty sources indicate a total of $5,000 is spent on annual M/O for Whittier. The community of Valencia is unique among the surveyed areas. The homeowners there pay property tax assessment fees that go into a Landscape Maintenance District fund (LMD No. 8) to cover costs of M/O. A specific dollar amount for annual M/O costs could not be determined since the work is contracted out to a management company that cares for the landscape, pools, trails, etc. without separating each into a particular category. The East Bay Regional Park District, located in the East San Francisco Bay region, has the largest trail system of the jurisdictions surveyed, totaling 1,000 miles over 35 different communities. The regional trail system was formed in the early 1970s. Many of the trails are multiuse trails and are located on right-of-ways owned by other agencies. The District enters into license agreements (usually 25 years) with railroad, canal, water district, and utilities dis- tricts, most of whom do not require payment for the Trails Feasibility Study 35 easement rights. The District tries to get easements or fee title through dedication and consider this method the best. Sometimes the Agency leases easements. The Agency estimates that its annual maintenance costs, including staff and equipment, is $7,000 per mile for a paved path. Natural paths are less costly to maintain. Homeowner associa- tions will maintain adjacent landscaping if they desire better than standard landscaping. Costs Estimates Acquisition Most of the trail system is on existing public land or in large landholdings subject to subdivision approval where dedication is likely. Consequently, acquisition costs are relatively minor and apply only to those properties for which plans have already been approved, where there are existing privately owned open space corridors, and where there are utility easements. It is assumed, and recommended, that any trail link traversing these properties be located along open space corridors, per zoning and the General Plan, so that land costs are kept to a minimum. Land acquisition costs would increase tremendously if the land purchased had greater economic value and was zoned for a higher use such as residential, commercial, or industrial. As shown in Tables 3 and 4, total acquisition costs equal an estimated $448,000 (in 1990 dollars). The actual amount may be lower since some owners of existing open space corridors in already approved or developed areas may wish to transfer their property to the City to relieve themselves of the cost to maintain those corridors. Phase 1 acquisition costs equal an estimated $95,000. Since actual acquisition costs cannot be determined until specific trail segments are designed, it would be prudent to budget additional funds for 36 Trails Feasibility Study acquisition beyond the estimated cost, recb'mmended. Approximately $1,000,000 is Improvements The improvement costs for the entire system are shown in Table 5, organized by linkage number. The two critical figures for each link are the Total Cost and the Minimum Public Cost columns. The Total Cost indicates the estimated improvement costs for each line item. The Minimum Public Cost indicates those line items which it is anticipated the City will have to finance. It is assumed that those line items which show $0 for the Minimum Public Cost will be attained through dedicated improvements by associated developments. It should be recognized that predicting the outcome of negotiations over dedications is an imprecise science and that the figures represent a best-guess estimate. If the City were not successful in, or for some unforeseen reason did not pursue, the assumed dedications then the overall cost of the system could rise. However it should also be noted that the improvement cost estimates were conservatively made and the City may be able to achieve many of the linkages at a lower improvement cost. Furthermore the City may be successful in negotiating more dedications than has been assumed. Given the provisos above, the total cost to the City of Carlsbad for improvements to implement the trail system is estimated at $3,023,100. The Phase 1 improvements are estimated at $1,891,150. (See Table 6.) Maintenance Maintenance costs were estimated for each trail link (Table 3) and staging, viewpoint, and picnic area (Table 4), based on annual costs of $5,000 per mile for Type 2 trails, $10,000 per mile for Type 1 trails, and $7,000 per acre for staging, viewpoint, and picnic areas. No maintenance cost was assumed for trail links identified along existing or future sidewalk and bike lanes, since these links are already maintained as part of the road system. I I I I I I I I I I I I D I R C C D I I L C c Total annual maintenance costs for the whole trail system is an estimated $290,000 (in 1990 dollars). This excludes costs for police and fire protection which will be estimated by the respective departments, and excludes any costs for recreation programs the City wishes to offer related to the trail system. In early years, as the trail system is being developed and is smaller, annual maintenance costs should be less; annual maintenance costs at completion of Phase 1 are estimated at $70,000. Carlsbad may be able to reduce maintenance costs by utilizing volunteer labor, as does Poway. Maintenance costs may also be reduced by sharing of costs with SDG&E in utility corridors. Acquisition Strategies The trail system has been designed to utilize existing public ownership and right-of-way to reduce acquisition requirements. Of the trail segments that are not located on public land, most can be acquired through land dedication as part of the subdivision approval process, minimizing the amount of land that has to be purchased directly. Goals and policies will need to be added to the Open Space and Conservation Elements of the General Plan to require future Master Plans for the undeveloped portions of the City to address provision of trails and related open space corridors within the Master Plan areas. There are a few situations where public purchase may be required, as follows: • Segments which are proposed in large landholdings that have already received approval. The developer may still choose to dedicate the trail link to the City, especially if this relieves the developer of maintenance costs. Still a developer may ask for compensation for the easement. Segments which are in existing open space corridors privately owned and maintained by a homeowners association. Again, the homeowners may choose to dedicate the trail system to the City to reduce the association's responsibility to maintain the open space corridor, but some may attempt to negotiate a purchase price instead. Segments which traverse small ownerships. A trail traversing a small parcel could potentially reduce the value of that parcel and would require acquisition. The trail system, however, has been planned to avoid small ownerships to avoid this circumstance. • Segments which are on utility easements. According to interviews with SDG&E representatives, SDG&E would not object to a trail along their easement, but since they do not own the underlying property in most cases, the right to use this easement must be negotiated with the private property owner who may ask for compensation. To mitigate acquisition costs and issues, the following is recommended: 1) Use public lands when possible. 2) Seek trail dedication in the subdivision approval process as either part of the open space or parks requirement; increasing park land dedication requirements (per the Quimby Act) to include trail lands might be considered. 3) Plan trails at property edges to minimize their impact and cost on parcel values. 4) Seek flexible easements on parcels that are not proposed for development in the near term, allowing the property owner to change the alignment at a later date. 5) Align the trail in open space corridors and not through parcels that have a higher economic use and are therefore more costly. 6) Negotiate the use of utility easements immediately, in the event that SCE, which does not have as liberal policies for joint-use of their easements, takes control of SDG& E. Issues: The City must be conscious of the economic value of land acquired for the trail system and, while implementing the trail system should weigh the cost/benefit of each link that requires public purchase once an independent appraisal is made. Trails Feasibility Study 37 Financing Strategies Acquisition and Improvements Options for financing land acquisition and improvements include the following: 1) Public Facility Fees In order to finance acquisition and improvement costs, the trail system could be incorporated as an extra item in the City's public facility fees program, or be included as a sub-element within the existing open space or park facilities standards. If the trail system is considered an extra item, this might require an increase in the fee, subject to voter approval, and would only be applicable to those zones for which the public facility fee and financing plan has yet to be adopted, unless existing plans were amended. If the trail system is considered an element within facilities for which public facility fee monies are already collected, an increase in the fee would not be required, although no new additional revenue will be raised specifically for the trail system. For purpose of meeting the "nexus" test, the trail system should be considered a citywide facility. 2) General Obligation Bond The trail system's development costs could be financed with a general obligation bond, which would require two-thirds voter approval. The City of San Juan Capistrano and the East Bay Regional Park District recently achieved two-thirds voter approval for general obligation bonds to finance park, open space, and trail acquisition and development. 3) Citywide Assessment District A citywide assessment district could be used to finance trail system development costs; however, since assessment district monies are recommended to cover annual maintenance costs, the burden of an assessment to cover both maintenance and development must be evaluated and the nexus more clearly demonstrated. 4) Community Mello-Roos District A citywide Mello-Roos Community Facilities District may be formed to help finance improvement and acquisition costs. Formation would , require two-thirds voter approval, similar to a general obligation bond. A general obligation bond, however, is considered a more secure and lower cost financing mechanism, if approved by voters, because its security is based on the City's full faith and credit, and authority to raise taxes to cover all costs. A Mello-Roos supported bond limits the tax which may be assessed, each year, and is secured by the value of the underlying property instead. Since the value of the underlying property may change, bond holders consider this less secure. Consequently, the cost of financing using a Mello-Roos bond is somewhat greater. In summary, the advantage of a general obligation bond is that it requires the same two-thirds voter approval as a citywide Mello-Roos district but is a lower cost financing mechanism. The advantage of a Mello-Roos district on a citywide basis is that funds may be used for financing maintenance costs in addition to capital improvements. A Mello-Roos district can be formed on a less than citywide basis such as over large landholdings on which new neighborhoods will be developed. If there are fewer than 12 property owners, the vote for a Mello-Roos district is by acreage owned, facilitating approval prior to development. 5) Negotiated Development Agreements/Dedication The City may negotiate with developers either to develop trail segments within their property or to pay an in-lieu fee so that the City may develop the trail segment. The City may consider increasing its Quimby park land dedication standards to include trail land. 6) Grants State Grants and SANDAG grants exist fortrail planning and acquisition. The process is competitive and the amount of funds available is limited. Still, grants should be pursued for those particular segments that have the greatest chance of competing for grant monies. 38 Trails Feasibility Study I I I I c E I I I C I I I I I e D 1 I I c c D I I C L C L 7) Public Land Trusts Trail lands may be donated to, or purchased by, a nonprofit public land trust who may then maintain the trail link or lease it to the City for a nominal fee. 8) General Funds Finally trail development costs may be incorporated into the capital improvement plan budget and funded with general fund revenue. While monies from public facility fees applied to new development would finance acquisition and improvement costs for segments of the trail system that serve the new population, portions of the trail system would be serving existing population from which public facility revenues will not be generated. Therefore, general fund monies will probably be required to fund that portion of the trail system's acquisition and improvement which is allocated to serve the existing population. Of the financing methods described for acquisition and development, incorporating the trail system into the City public facility fee program, negotiating trail improvements in the subdivision approval process, and using general fund monies over time, appear to be the most appropriate approaches. Proposition H, passed in 1982, requires voter approval of City general fund expenditures for any single project where acquisition and development of public land exceed $1 million. Acquisition and improvements funded by special assessments are not subject to this measure. Since the ordinance which implements this measure (Chapter 1.24 of the Municipal Code) states that a project "may not be separated into parts or phases so as to avoid the effects of this chapter," the City will have to determine whether the trail system plan constitutes one or several projects. Maintenance Maintenance costs may be funded through one of three basic approaches: Citywide Assessment District 1) Since the trail system serves the citywide population, incorporating the trail system maintenance costs into the existing citywide lighting and landscaping assessment district may be the most appropriate approach. 2) Citywide Metlo-Roos District Incorporating trail system maintenance costs into a citywide Mello-Roos District formed for other public facilities and services is a possibility. A Mello-Roos district, however, requires two-thirds voter approval, which may be difficult to achieve. 3) General Funds Many cities fund their trail system maintenance costs out of their general funds. While this is always a possibility, this approach does not raise additional revenue for the trail system program and general funds expended on the trail system would be weighed against the other City demands for general fund monies. Another approach, which is not recommended here, is to use different funds to maintain different segments of the trail system, such as smaller Mello-Roos districts formed for specific subdivisions, homeowners association fees, neighborhood assessment districts, and private development agreements. While this approach allows greater flexibility, it could present coordination problems, result in inconsistent maintenance standards, and may increase the liability exposure to private owners and homeowners associations that maintain portions of the trail system. Issues: The City should choose a financing strategy for acquisition, improvements, and maintenance which is equitable, recognizing that the trail system will be a citywide facility serving both existing and new populations. Trails Feasibility Study 39 Operations and Maintenance The responsibility for maintenance of the trail system would probably be placed primarily under the remit of the Parks and Recreation Department. This is consistent with their responsibility for maintaining community-serving recreational facilities street trees, and median landscaping. Initial meetings and discussion with the Parks and Recreation Department have indicated general support from the department management for this position. The maintenance operations would also have to be supported by the Utilities and Maintenance Department, with regard to repair and some ongoing maintenance of paved surfaces, lighting, built facilities, traffic signals, bridges and underpasses, and any special drainage improvements made for the trail linkages. Again, preliminary meetings and discussion with the Utilities Department has generated general acceptance of these responsibilities. For both departments, of course, the ability to complete these additional tasks is contingent upon receiving additional funding. Phasing and Priorities The boldface categories shown on various tables and in each of the linkages descriptions indicate the time frame within which each linkage might be scheduled for implementation according to a subjective assessment of their value to the system as a whole. The time frames associated with each priority were: Priority 1: Priority 2: Priority 3: 0 - 3 years 3 - 6 years 6+ years The phasing category indicates the time frame at which the trail link might be anticipated to be implemented if the determining factors did not include the priority ranking (i.e., when development would be expected). For example, in an area yet to be developed, the phasing for the trail linkage indicates when it is anticipated that area will be developed, so that if trails implementation is tied to the subdivision process that is when the trail would be implemented. The only concern in correlating these two categories is when the intrinsic priority of the link suggests implementation sooner than the phasing category would allow. In such a case the City, if it decided to implement the segment prior to development of the area, might have to purchase the land and fund improvements where it might otherwise have achieved acquisition and improvement of the trail segment at little cost through dedication. Alternatively the City might be able to negotiate some form of reimbursement agreement through which to recoup the expense. Even then the City would have to find the capital expense in the short term. The only linkage so affected is No. 47 which because of its intrinsic merits - a unique linkage in the system along the rim of San Marcos Canyon - is ascribed a priority 1 whereas the area is not anticipated to develop until Phase 3. Issues: A decision will be required as to whether the City will incur additional expense to accelerate implementation high priority linkages before the surrounding area develops and dedication of trail acquisition and improvements through the subdivision process can be effected. Approvals and Permits As with any other land use proposal the implementation of a trails system will be subject to review from a variety of agencies from whom approvals and permits may be required for the project to proceed. With regard to trail sections located adjacent to areas of sensitive wildlife habitat such as wetlands or areas where state or federal listed species occur, 40 Trails Feasibility Study I I I I D 0 I I I c I I I I I I I B I the trails proposals may include review by any or all of the following agencies: • The California Department of Fish and Game, The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, • The Coastal Commission, The Environmental Protection Agency, and special fencing between the trail and the sensitive habitat. One such fence standard which has received U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers approvals calls for a 3.5-foot high wood frame and welded wire fence continuous along the habitat perimeter. Issues: Early involvement of agencies such as the California Department of Fish and Game, the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, the Coastal Commission, the Environmental Protection Agency, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers will help ensure that the trail system is planned and designed in an environmentally sensitive manner consistent with agency requirements. c G C I I The U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Specifically, a Section 404 Permit will be required from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers wherever any type of dredge or fill of wetlands is involved. (Areas of wetland which are under one acre in size and in isolated locations relative to other wetland may fall under the definitions of a Nationwide Permit and avoid the need for a Section 404 Permit, but this should not be counted on.) Trails running within habitat areas of federally listed endangered species will be subject to Section 7 consultations with the Fish and Wildlife Service, and those running through state listed endangered species habitat will be subject to Section 10 consultations with the State Department of Fish and Game. The Coastal Commission will not issue a permit per se, but will have review of trails proposals which should be in accordance with local Coastal Zone Plan requirements. Given that public access is a key concern of the agency, it is unlikely that significant problems with regard to a public trails system would originate with the Coastal Commission. D The trail alignments selected in this study have been placed so as to avoid obvious conflicts with the requirements of these agencies. However, a number of trail links go close to sensitive areas. In these cases coordination with various agencies will be needed to refine a final alignment. Additionally some special design standards may be required such as the inclusion of Trails Feasibility Study 41 Table 2 Selected Carlsbad Land Assessments LAND USEXS1ZE Residential Commercial Industrial Agricultural/ Open Space 1-5 Acres 6-10 Acres 11-20 Acres 20+ Acres APN $/sq.ft. Recording Date APN $/$q.ft. Recording Date 156-142-31-00 167-030-53-00 167-080-41-00 167-112-07-00 167-540-01-00 167-570-01-00 205-260-05-00 211-040-17-00 211-040-18-00 209-082-04-00 212-061-03-00 212-070-18-00 212-091-07-00 212-092-20-00 212-110-01-00 209-070-02-00 209-070-03-00 211-010-05-00 212-050-13-00 $3.86 $13.75 $1.31 $5.22 $9.97 $13.30 $5.87 $14.76 $11.16 $14.27 $9.50 $7.74 $8.69 $8.47 $6.11 $0.12 $0.42 $0.32 $0.21 05/23/89 207-101-21-00 $1.49 03/31/89 10/18/89 06/09/89 04/07/89 07/18/89 08/22/89 11/03/89 03/01/89 03/01/89 06/30/89 212-061-08-00 $8.00 01/23/90 01/23/90 01/30/89 09/13/89 08/18/89 05/19/89 10/17/89 03/09/90 12/29/89 08/04/88 APN S/sq.ft. Recording Date APN $/sq.ft. Recording Date 167-101-03-00 $0.71 04/08/88 167-101-19-00 167-101-27-00 $0.91 04/13/89 168-040-14-00 207-390-35-00 $0.00 07/06/88 168-040-18-00 168-040-23-00 168-040-25-00 168-050-27-00 209-060-59-00 212-040-22-00 212-040-30-00 209-040-24-00 $0.23 02/22/89 212-020-23-00 167-250-35-00 $0.13 10/28/88 167-040-24-00 209-060-55-00 $0.58 $0.56 $0.30 $0.59 $0.47 $0.53 $0.77 3.73 3.87 $1.39 $1.27 $0.17 04/13/89 04/13/89 04/13/89 04/13/89 04/08/88 04/13/89 02/13/89 04/21/89 12/29/88 01/04/90 09/21/89 10/06/89 42 Trails Feasibility Study I I I I i I I I I I I I I Table 3 Preliminary Acquisition and Maintenance Cost Estimates: Trail Linkage 0 I I C I I C L L INK 1 2 i t i 6 7 7* • 9 9A 10 IOA 1 1 1] 11 14 UA IS 16 17 It 19 JO 11 2IA 21 23 24 24A 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 TtPC PHASE LINEAR FEET CARLSBAD OTHER PRIVATE S/lll 3 S/bl 3 2 1 2 1 2 1 S/bl 1 1 3 s/bl l 2 3 2 1 2 2 2 1 2 1 2 3 2 1 2 I 2 1 2 1 2 2 2 2 s/bl 3 bridge 3 s/bl 3 2 2 1 2 s/bl 2 1 2 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 3 2 1 2 2 2 2 5 000 2.000 3.000 3.000 1.000 2 000 300 1.200 3.000 3.000 3.000 4.000 6 500 14.500 6.000 4.000 2.000 500 5.900 7.500 1.500 1.000 9.500 6.600 1.500 1 , 500 • 500 5.000 10.400 600 8 250 8.750 4.500 4 000 2 500 7.000 6 500 IOOH 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 0% 0% 50% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 100% 0% 0% 50% 100% 50% 0% 0% 0 0% 0% 0% 100% 50% 0% 0% 0% 0% Ok 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 33% 0% 0% 0% 0% 90% 0% 50% O% 0% 0 10% 0% 100% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 100% 0% 100% 100% 100% ion 0% 100% 100% 50% 100% 100% 100% 67% 0% 0% 100% 100% 0% 0% 0% 100% 100% 100% 90% 100% 0% 0% 50% 100% (00% rH I VA 1C EXISTING USE Public Public public public Public Public undeveloped Public undeveloped open space open Space undeve 1 oped open space utility utility Undeveloped undeveloped undeveloped undeveloped undeveloped open space Public undeveloped undeveloped undeve 1 oped Public Agriculture Open space undeveloped undeveloped undeveloped Agr (cultural Railroad open Space undeveloped Agriculture mdustr la) I*K 1 VH 1 C 1 PL AWED USE N.A. N.A. N A. N.A. N.A. N.A. comerclal N.A. Mixed-use Residential Residential open space open space utility N.A. open space Residential Residential Residential Residential N.A. N.A. Residential Residential COMerclal N.A. coMwrclal Residential Residential Residential Mixed-use Industrial N.A. industrial Industrial Residential Industrial L4CLMIA 1 IUn POTENTIAL N.A. N A. N A. N.A. N.A. N.A. ves N.A. Maybe ves Yes NO N.A. Yes N.A. ves Yes Yes Yes NO N.A. N.A. ves Ves Yes N.A. ves yes Yes NO Yes Yes NO NO NO Yes ves 1-vni.iwat ACQUISITION COST FAC1OR MAINIINANCt REQUIRED COMMERCIAL RESIDENTIAL INDUSTRIAL AC/OPEN SPACE COST PER LINEAR fOOl COST PLR YEAR NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO Maybe No NO Maybe NO NO Yes NO NO NO NO Yes NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO No ves No NO NO NO ' Yes NO *>. 1270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 SI25 129 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 129 129 129 125 129 129 125 129 129 125 129 129 129 125 129 129 129 125 125 129 129 125 129 125 125 125 SI70 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 170 18 1 1 6 • > 8 6 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 6 8 t 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 a 8 6 8 8 to 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 24 . 000 0 0 32.000 0 0 4» 000 0 0 0 0 40.200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 4 800 0 0 0 0 10.000 0 0 to oo 0.00 0 95 0 95 0 95 0 00 1 .90 0 00 0 95 0 95 0 95 0 99 0 99 0 95 0.95 0 95 0 95 0.95 0 95 0 95 0.00 5 00 0 00 0 95 1 90 0.00 1 90 0 95 0 95 0 95 0.95 0 95 0 95 0 95 0 95 0 95 0 95 SO 0 2 650 2.850 950 0 570 0 2.650 2.850 2.650 3.800 6. 175 13.775 5.700 3.800 1.900 475 5.225 7. 125 0 5 000 0 6.270 2.650 0 16. 150 4 750 9.680 570 7 836 8.313 4 275 3.800 2 375 6 650 6. 175 Trails Feasibility Study 43 i; Table 3 Continued I INC tYPE PHA5C 12 2 33 1 14 2 35 2 16 2 37 2 3> 2 38A S/bl 39 2 40 2 41 2 42 !/bl 43 2 43* 1 44 2 45 2 45A 1 46 2 46A S/bl 47 2 41 2 48A 2 44 )/bl 50 2 91 S/bl 52 2 S3 2 ' 94 2 35 2 total trails s/bl * <ldr»alk/blke 2 2 9 3 3 1 1 1 3 3 2 1 I 1 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 3 1 1 2 2 2 s 1 Residential (21 MalnlriMiirr based 1 INEAR FEE! CARISHAO OTHER PRIVAIf EXISTING USE PIAMMED USf 4 250 4.000 6 000 5.250 4.750 2.250 500 1.500 1 .000 15.500 1 .750 4.250 7.000 2.500 2.500 4.500 500 2.500 1 .750 4.000 4 000 4.000 3 000 7.250 7.000 1.500 10.750 7 .750 7.000 248.100 lane N A. « 16 25/S 1 : Ct ox ox too* Agricultural Residential o*. ox 100% undeveloped Residential ox ox loox undeveloped nesldentlal ox ox loox undeveloped Residential ox ox loox Agriculture Residential 5ox ox 50X Residential Residential 100X OX OX Public NA. loox ox ox Public NA IOOX OX OX Public N.A. Ox ox 100X Railroad NA ox ox toox Residential N.A. loox ox ox Public N.A. toox ox ox public N.A. 100% OX OX Public N A ox ox loox Agr (cultural Residential ox ox toox undeveloped Agricultural ox ox toox utility open space ox ox loox ut 1 1 1 ly open space 100X OX OX Public N.A. ox ox toox undeveloped Residential ox ox toox utility open space ox 40X 60X undeveloped Residential 100X OX OX Public N.A. ox ox loox undeveloped Mixed-use ox ox toox undeveloped Residential ox ox toox undeveloped Residential ox ox loox undeveloped Residential ox ox loox undeveloped open space ox ox loox undeveloped open space * Not Appl Icable MMerclal • $13 50/s 1.: Industrial • 16.90/s .1.: on S5.ooo or lio.ooo per Mile, depending on trail type, excluding POIENIIAl REQUIRED COMMERCIAL RES yes Yes ves yes ves yes N.A. N.A. N A. No N.A. N.A. N A. N.A. Yes ves NO NO NO yes yes Yes N.A. Yes Yes Yes Yes ves Yes No NO No NO NO Maybe NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO NO Yes ves No NO Maybe No No No No NO No Maybe Maybe Agricultural/open space • lire and police. 270 170 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 170 270 270 170 270 270 270 270 270 270 270 170 170 170 270 270 10. 40/1.1. IOENIIAL 125 125 125 115 115 115 115 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 125 129 129 129 129 129 115 129 129 125 125 115 115 115 115 . applied INDUSTRIAL AC/OPEN SPACE COSt 170 8 170 8 170 1 170 e 170 • 170 • * 170 a 170 ( , 170 a 170 a 170 • 170 I 170 8 170 • 170 • 170 ( 170 t 4. 170 • 10. 170 a 170 I 170 • 31. 170 1 170 • 170 • 170 1 170 8 170 | 170 t 62. 170 | 56. 1342. Phase t costs: 144. to 20 square leet per linear loot. i iuw tua PER I 0 0 0 0 0 .000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 000 000 0 0 000 0 0 0 0 0 0 000 000 000 •00 il rAHUN IHAINI rnANit INEAI FOOr COSt PER YEAR 0.45 0 45 0 45 0 45 0 45 0.49 0 49 0 00 0 49 0.49 0.49 0.00 0 45 f .40 0.45 0 45 0.45 0.45 0.00 0 49 0.49 0.45 0.00 0.45 0.00 0.45 0 45 0.45 0.45 4 038 3.800 9 700 4.988 4 513 2.138 475 0 450 14.725 1.663 0 6 650 4.750 2.375 4.275 479 2.375 0 8.550 3.80O 3 800 0 6.888 0 t.429 10 213 7.363 6.650 1261.219 152.250 I I I I c 44 Trails Feasibility Study I I I c I I I I I I I I I I Table 4 Preliminary Acquisition and Maintenance Cost Estimates: Staging, Viewpoint, and Picnic Areas OWNERSHIP TRAIL PRIVATE TYPE PHASE SQUARE FEE! CARLSBAD OTHER PRIVATE EXISTING USE STAGING. VIEWPOINT AND PICNIC AREAS AVERAGE LAND COST PER SQUARE EOOT ESTIMATED MAINTENANCE ESTIMATED PRIVATE DEDICATION PURCHASE ACQUISITION COST FACTOR MAINTENANCE PLANNED USE POTENTIAL REQUIRED COMMERCIAL RESIDENTIAL INDUSTRIAL AC/OPEN SPACE COST PER SQUARE EOOT COST PER VEAR 3 2 1 10 2 1 24 2 1 27 2 3 43 2 1 44 2 2 47 2 3 48 2 3 50 2 3 53 2 2 Total Area 43 43 to 10 10 21 10. 10. 10. 10. 185 560 560 ,890 .890 .890 .780 890 890 890 ,890 ,130 IOOX IOOX OX OX IOOX OX OX OX OX ox ox ox ox ox ox ox ox ox ox ox ox ox IOOX toox ox toox toox IOOX IOOX toox Public Public undeveloped Ra 1 1 road Public Agr Icul tural undeveloped ut i 1 1 ty undeveloped undeve 1 oped N.A. N.A. open space N.A. N.A. Residential Residential open space Mixed-use Residential N.A. N.A. Yes NO N.A. NO Yes Yes Yes Yes NO NO NO Yes NO Yes NO NO NO NO ,„ 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 13 .50 .50 .50 .50 .50 .50 .50 .50 .50 50 $6 6 6 6 6 6 6. 6 6. 6. .25 25 25 25 .25 25 25 25 25 25 18.50 8.50 8.50 8.50 8.50 8 50 8.50 8.50 8.50 8.50 Phase to 0 o o 0 0 0 0 0 0 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 40 1 Costs: to 0 0 92.565 0 8.712 0 4.356 0 0 JI05.633 to 0. 0 0 0. 0. 0 0 0. 0. 0. 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 6.970 6.970 1.742 1.742 1.742 3.485 1.742 1.742 1.742 1.742 129.621 J17.424 i i c c N.A. * Not ApplIcable (1) Land costs based on the lollowing median prices of recent sales for 5 acres or less: Residential * «6 25/s f ; ccxnerclal » ti3.50/s.f.: Industrial * ta.50/s.f.: Agricultural/open space = to.40/s.f.. applied to 20 square feet per linear foot. (2) Maintenance based on t7 ooo per acre, excluding lire and police. Source: Economics Research Associates «L i; Trails Feasibility Study 45 Table 5 Improvement Cost Estimates Link Priority Phase Type Length Special Minimum Public (LF) Unit Cost/LF Costs Total Cost Cost Link Priority Phase Type Length Special Minimum Public (LF) Unit Cost/LF Costs Total Cost Cost 01 02 03 03 03 03 04 OS 06 07 07 08 09 09 10 10 10 10 10 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 Sideualk/ 5,000 1 5,000 5,000 5,000 Bikelane Sideualk/ 2,000 1 2,000 2,000 2.000 Bikelane 2 3,000 24 72,000 72,000 Picnic 8,000 8,000 8,000 Staging Area 230,500 230,500 230,500 Viewpoint 10,000 10,000 10,000 2 3,000 24 72,000 72,000 2 1,000 24 24,000 24,000 Sidewalk/ 2,000 1 2,000 2,000 2,000 Bikelane 1 300 46 13,800 Sidewalk/ 1,200 1 1,200 1,200 Bikelane 2 3,000 24 72,000 2 3,000 24 72,000 2 3,000 24 72,000 72,000 2 4,000 24 96,000 96,000 2 6,500 24 156,000 156,000 Picnic 8,000 8,000 8,000 Staging Area 230,500 230,500 230,500 Viewpoint 10,000 10,000 10,000 11 12 13 14 14 15 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 21 22 23 24 24 24 '3 3 1 1 1 1 3 1 3 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 Signal 2 Sidewalk/ Bikelane Bridge Sidewalk/ Bikelane 2 1 Sidewalk/ Bikelane 1 2 2 2 Viewpoint 14,500 24 348,000 6,000 24 144,000 4,000 24 96,000 500 24 12.000 2,000 2( 48,000 5,500 24 132,000 100,000 100,000 7,500 24 180,000 1,500 1 1,500 1,000 200,000 200,000 9,500 1 9,500 5,500 24 132,000 1,500 46 69,000 1,500 1 1,500 8,500 46 391,000 5,000 24 120,000 600 24 14,400 10,400 24 249,600 10,000 10,000 144,000 96,000 48,000 100,000 1,500 200,000 9,500 1,500 14,400 10,000 46 Trails Feasibility Study I I I I c 0 I I I G I I I I 0 I c 0 I I L C I Table 5 Continued link Priority Phase Type Length Special Minimum Publ ic (IF) Unit Cost/LF Costs Total Cost Cost Link Priority Phase Type Length Special Mininun Public <LF) Unit Cost/LF Costs Total Cost Cost 25 26 27 27 28 29 30 32 33 35 36 37 38 38 39 40 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 3 2 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 3 2 2 2 8,250 24 2 8,750 24 2 4.500 24 Snail Staging Area 2 4,000 24 2 2.900 24 2 7,000 24 2 6,500 24 2 4,250 24 2 4,000 24 2 6,000 24 2 5,250 24 2 4,750 24 2 2,250 24 2 500 24 Sidewalk/ 1,500 1 Bikelane 2 1,000 24 2 15,500 24 2 1,750 24 198,000 210.000 108,000 44,000 44,000 44,000 96,000 60,000 60,000 168,000 156,000 102,000 96,000 144,000 126,000 114,000 54,000 54,000 12,000 12,000 1,500 1,500 24,000 24,000 372,000 42,000 42 43 43 43 43 44 44 45 45 46 46 46 47 47 47 47 48 48 48 1 1 1 1 1 2 2 3 3 3 3 3 1 1 1 1 3 3 3 1 Sidewalk/ 4,250 1 Bikelane 1 1 2,500 46 1 2 7,000 24 1 Picnic 1 Small Staging Area 2 2 4,000 24 2 Staging Area 3 2 500 24 3 2 4,500 24 3 2 2,500 24 3 Sidewalk/ 1,750 1 Bikelane 3 Bridge 3 2 9,000 24 3 Bridge 3 Snail Staging Area 3 Viewpoint 3 2 4,000 24 3 2 4,000 24 3 Bridge 4,250 115,000 168,000 8,000 8,000 44,000 44,000 96,000 230,500 230,500 12,000 108,000 60,000 1,750 1,750 50,000 50,000 216,000 50,000 50,000 44,000 44,000 10,000 10,000 96,000 96,000 50,000 50,000 4,250 115,000 8,000 44,000 230,500 12,000 60,000 1,750 50,000 50,000 44,000 10,000 96,000 50,000 Trails Feasibility Study 4 7 Table 5 Continued Link Priority Phase 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 Type Length Special Mininun Public (IF) Unit Cost/LF Costs Total Cost Cost 3 2 3 3 1 1 2 2 1 1 3 Viewpoint 2 Sidewalk/ Bikelane 3 2 3 Small Staging Area 1 Sidewalk/ Bikelane 1 2 2 2 2 Viewpoint 1 2 1 2 10,000 10,000 10,000 3,000 1 3,000 3,000 7,250 24 174,000 44,000 44,000 44,000 7,000 1 7,000 7,000 1,500 24 36,000 10,750 24 258,000 10,000 10,000 10,000 7,750 24 186,000 186,000 7,000 24 168,000 168,000 Special Costs Total: * 1,412,250 Total Cost Total: 7,898,500 Minimum Public Cost Total: 3,023,100 Total Length (LF):298,500 48 Trails Feasibility Study I I I I e E I I I C I I I I D 0 I C G D I I C li C li Table 6 Improvement Cost Estimates: Phase 1 Link Priority Phase Type 03 03 03 03 OS 06 10 10 10 10 12 13 Length Special Minimum Public (LF) Unit Cost/LF Costs Total Cost Cost Link Priority Phase Type Length Special Minimum Public (LF) Unit Cost/LF Costs Total Cost Cost 23 24 24 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 3 3 1 1 1 1 2 3,000 24 1 Picnic 1 Staging Area 1 Viewpoint 1 2 3,000 24 1 2 1,000 24 1 Sidewalk/ 2,000 1 Bikelane 1 2 4,000 24 1 2 6,500 24 1 Picnic 1 Staging Area 1 Viewpoint 1 2 6,000 24 1 2 4,000 24 12 500 24 1 2 2,000 24 1 2 5,000 24 12 600 24 1 2 10,400 24 72,000 8,000 8, 000 230,500 230,500 10,000 10,000 72,000 24,000 2,000 2,000 96,000 156,000 8,000 8,000 230,500 230,500 10,000 10,000 144,000 96,000 12,000 48,000 120,000 14,400 249,600 72,000 8,000 230,500 10,000 72,000 24,000 2,000 96,000 156,000 8,000 230,500 10,000 144,000 96,000 48,000 14,400 24 1 1 Viewpoint 10,000 10,000 10,000 29 212 2,500 24 60,000 60,000 37 112 2,250 24 54,000 54,000 38 1 1 2 500 24 12,000 12,000 38 1 1 Sidewalk/ 1,500 1 1,500 1,500 Bikelane 42 1 1 Sidewalk/ 4,250 1 4,250 4,250 Bikelane 43 111 2,500 46 115,000 115,000 43 112 7,000 24 168,000 43 1 1 Picnic 8,000 8,000 8,000 43 1 1 Small Staging 44,000 44,000 44,000 Area 51 1 1 Sidewalk/ 7,000 1 7,000 7,000 Bikelane 52 112 1,500 24 36,000 54 112 7,750 24 186,000 186,000 55 112 7,000 24 168,000 168,000 •••BBBBBBBBB«BBB*BBBB»BBBBBBBBEBBBBBBBBBBBBBSBBB3B Special Costs Total: $ 561,000 Total Cost Total: 2,476,750 Minimum Public Cost Total: 1,891,150 Total Length (LF): 91,750 Trails Feasibility Study 49 The Linkages Descriptions of the report includes detailed descriptions of all the links considered as viable as a result of the feasibility study. The linkages are both described in a proforma and are shown on a series of 23 map sheets which follow the descriptions. It should be noted that the aerial photographs on which the linkage alignments are shown were taken during the period September and October 1988. I I I I B 50 Trails Feasibility Study I I I c I I I I I LINKAGES DESCRIPTIONS I 0 D I I 0 c I I c L c L CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 1 Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: From Carlsbad Boulevard along Laguna Drive and Jefferson Street to 1-5 I 5,000 L.F. City owned right-of-way Residential to south, lagoon to north N/A Follow along existing city streets; City Parks and Recreation Department considering development of recreational facility on site west of Carlsbad Boulevard to which trail would connect; trail needs to cross railroad line to get to beach - at present trail is assumed to cross along Carlsbad Boulevard bridge but a pedestrian bridge over the railroad is being considered as part of the Parks Department improvements and the trail could use this if built. N/A Sidewalk/bikelane If trail crosses railroad on new bridge, this will have to meet appropriate design and construction standards for the railroad crossing. City $0 $5,000 Part of street maintenance program Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 2 From 1-5 along north side of Jefferson Street to Duck Pond at Marron Road and Hosp Grove. 2,000 L.F. 156-010-32; 154-180-06; 156-010-08; 156-010-01; 156-031-10,11,12; 154-140-29,30,32; 150-160-28 Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Lagoon to north, bluff to south in private ownerships. N/A Follow along existing City street using existing or future sidewalk/bikelanes; will have to use narrow existing sidewalk on bridge across 1-5 N/A Sidewalk/bikelane Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: The Coastal Commission, Department of Fish and Game, Fish and Wildlife Service, and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers would have to be consulted for approval as construction of sidewalks along Jefferson would probably involve some fill of the lagoon. Off-site mitigation might be a condition of approval which would be expensive. The City has already engaged in some discussion with the agencies regarding the construction of a sidewalk in this location. City SO $2,000 (does not include construction costs for sidewalk or mitigation which have been considered a street improvement expense - the $2,000 is for trail signage only). Part of street maintenance Trails Feasibility Study 51 CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 3 Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Trail Type: Hosp Grove I 3,000 L.F. City of Carlsbad Open Space N/A From a proposed staging area located south of the intersection of Jefferson Street and Marron Road, through the north edge of the grove crossing Monroe Street at Marron, leading up the slope in a southeasterly direction to a viewpoint, and on through the main portion of the Grove to Hosp Way. Some access for maintenance vehicles will probably need to be incorporated into the site design for Hosp Grove. Implementation Priority Class: 1 Anticipated Phasing: 1 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: SO Cost Estimate - Improvements: $320,500 Maintenance Cost (Annual): $9,820 per annum Notes: Existing Conditions Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 4 Leading south from proposed staging area in Hosp Grove along to Elm Avenue. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Trail Type: I 3,000 L.F. City of Carlsbad Open Space corridor in-between road and residential area. N/A Trail should stay close to the top of the slope. N/A 2 Implementation Priority Class: 1 Anticipated Phasing: 1 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: $0 Cost Estimate - Improvements: $72,000 Maintenance Cost (Annual): $2,850 per annum Notes: 52 Trails Feasibility Study II I I 0 6 I I I G I I I I I CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. S CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 6 D 0 I R C C 1 I C Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Desigi Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Trail Type: Leading from existing staging area at Wickham Way north into main part of Hosp Grove joining with Linkage *3. I 1,000 L.F. City of Carlsbad Open space N/A Utilize existing trails as well as developing new connection to north. Existing trails do not meet the standards described in this plan in terms of width but are proving adequate at present. Construction cost estimate includes improvement to new standard. N/A 2 Implementation Priority Class: I Anticipated Phasing: I Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: $0 Cost Estimate - Improvements: $24,000 Maintenance Cost (Annual): $950 per annum Notes: Existing Conditions . Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Trail Type: Along Hosp Way from Hosp Grove to El Camino Real. I 2,000 L.F. City owned right-of-way Residential street N/A Follow along existing City street. N/A Sidewalk/bikelane Implementation Priority Class: I Anticipated Phasing: 1 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: $0 Cost Estimate - Improvements: $2,000 Maintenance Cost (Annual): Part of existing street maintenance Notes: u nb Trails Feasibility Study 53 CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 7 CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 8 Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Trail Type: From intersection of Hosp Way and El Camino Real east to Avenida de Anita and then following along street to intersection of Avenida de Anita and Marron Road. 1,500 L.F. City owned right-of-way; private parcel: APN unknown Carlsbad Plaza South commercial development to north; undeveloped to south; existing residential along Avenida de Anita. Commercial development to southeast of Hosp Way and El Camino Real intersection. Along streets except where trail links up slope from commercial area to residential along Avenida de Anita. N/A Sidewalk/bikelane except for 300 L.F. of Type 1 Implementation Priority Class: 3 Anticipated Phasing: 3 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: SO Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: $1,200 - City cost $13,800 - dedicated improvements $570 per annum Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: From intersection of Avenida de Anita and Marron Road through open space to Larwin Park. 2 and 25 3,000 L.F. 167-040-24; 167-442-13; 167-090-48 Undeveloped to north; residential to south Buena Vista Park Plaza Specific Plan Trail should be located in open space in preference top alongside road; follows SDG&E R.O.W. at south end of link; staging area at Larwin Park. SDG&E maintenance vehicles 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Secondary use of SDG&E easement requires negotiation of easement rights. Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: Public access easement; underlying ownership to remain with private property owners. $18,000 $72,000 - dedicated improvements $2,850 Could use portion of 15 percent growth management standard in Zone 25. 54 Trails Feasibility Study I c G I I I C i I I I I CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 9 CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 10 I B C G 1 I Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Larwin Park to Calavera Park 7 6,000 L.F. 167-101-19 Open space; residential; school; undeveloped area around northwest portion of trail New residential adjacent to trail, but trail to remain in open space corridor; east portion of trail falls within open space in Calavera Hills Master Plan. From Larwin Park to connect across to Vancouver street through easement. Cross Vancouver to open space canyon. Follow within open space corridor to Tamarack. Grade crossing at Tamarack north of Chatham Road and across Elm at signalized intersection to enter Calavera Park. N/A 2 Implementation Priority Class: 2 Anticipated Phasing: 1 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: SO Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): $72.000 - City cost $72,000 - dedicated improvements $3,700 per annum Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance (Cost/Financing): Calavera Park to Calavera Lake and linking to Oceanside 7 and 14 10,500 L.F. 167-101-28; 168-040-02, IS, 23, and 25; 168-050-01; main portion of trail around lake to fall within existing City ownership Undeveloped; open space Calavera Hills Master Plan From Calavera Park go east along south side of Elm with at grade crossings required at Glasgow Drive and future intersection of Elm and College; then follow open space to Calavera Lake; area around lake to be used as special recreation area focussing on trails use including a primary staging area, picnic site, and viewpoint. N/A 2 Riparian areas close to trail alignment will involve agency review from the Department of Fish and Game, Fish and Wildlife Service, and the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. City $24.000 $500,500 $10,070 per annum Notes:Notes:The trails system around the lake will interact with the proposal for a golf course currently under study for the area. G i; Trails Feasibility Study 55 Existing Conditions Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 11 Along AT & SF tracks from Carlsbad Boulevard past Encina Power Plant to Cannon Road. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: 1.3 14,500 L.F. AT&SF AT A SF railroad/Encina Power Plant SDG&E power plant expansion To be located along railroad - full study will be required of the relationship of train traffic to trail use as part of the design of this linkage. Maintenance vehicles for railroad 2 3 3 Dependent upon negotiations with SANDAG and AT & SF City or public access easement over AT & SF ownership SO $348,000 - For the purpose of assessing the total trail system costs, it has been assumed that improvement costs for this linkage would form part of a special regional program and would not represent a City expense. $13,775 per annum It is assumed that the City will participate in any regional trail venture to implement a coastal rail-trail; if this does not materialize the City may at some unspecified time in the future decide to try and implement this linkage unilaterally. CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 12 Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: SDG&E easement from Larwin Park to Tamarack Avenue. 2 6,000 L.F. 167-090-31, 33, and 34; 208-133-119 Residential adjacent to trail alignment; SDG&E powerline. N/A Trail may be able to use SDG&E service road. SDG&E maintenance vehicles 2 Implementation Priority Class: 1 Anticipated Phasing: 1 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Secondary use of powerline agreement needed from SDG&E. Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Costs Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: Public access easement required; underlying ownership to remain private. $36,000 1144,000 $5,700 per annum II I I r o i i i c 56 Trails Feasibility Study I I I I I 0 I! I n c c c e B C C c i; Existing Conditions Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 13 Parallel to Tamarack Avenue from La Portalada Drive, crossing Pontiac Drive at Tamarack, then turning northward up steep slopes into open space area. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siling Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Trail Type: 2, 7 4,000 L.F. 167-101-19; 208-010-34, 35 Residential; undeveloped; open space Calavera Hills Master Plan Southern portion of linkage follows shoulder of City owned drainage channel; from Pontiac northward the alignment should contour up the slope to the north of Tamarack; a connection should be made into Buckingham Lane. Maintenance vehicles for the drainage channel 2 Implement* HOB Priority Class: 1 Anticipated Phasing: 1 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: $0 Cost Estimate - Improvements: $96,000 Maintenance Cost (Annual): $3,800 per annum Notes: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 14 Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: From Calavera Park westward under Tamarack Avenue into open space area south of Elm Avenue. 7 2,500 167-101-19 Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Community park; open space; residential; undeveloped Development Plans: Calavera Hills Master Plan Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Trail Type: From park trail traverses down slope to south, leading through existing road culvert/underpass and then contours around slope to west, then north, then west again to join Linkage *13. N/A 2 Implementation Priority Class: 3 Anticipated Phasing: 1 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: $0 Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: $12,000 - dedicated improvements $48,000 - City cost $2,375 per annum Trails Feasibility Study 57 Existing Conditions Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 15 From the intersection of Pontiac Drive and Tamarack Avenue to the intersection or Cannon Road and El Camino Real. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Trail Type: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: 14 5,500 L.F. 208-010-32 Open Space; undeveloped Residential Contour up slope to south of Tamarack Avenue from the intersection with Pontiac Avenue (a traffic signal is required at Tamarack and Pontiac); then south along riparian area/drainage course through the middle of future residential development to future intersection of Cannon Road and El Camino Real. N/A 2 2 2 Traffic signal approvals City SO SI00,000 for traffic signal - City cost $132,000 - dedicated improvements $5,225 per annum While a traffic signal may ultimately be required for the intersection of Pontiac and Tamarack, it is unclear at this time whether traffic counts would warrant a signal and therefore the cost of a signal at this location is anticipated to be a trail related cost. Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 16 Through Robertson Ranch from south of Lake Calavera to Cannon Road west to El Camino Real. 14 7,500 L.F. 168-040-18; 168-050-17 (Robertson); 168-050-19 (Carlsbad Unified School District) Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: Undeveloped Residential - low to medium density; northern portion of linkage falls within Calavera Hills Master Plan. Locate trail along riparian corridor; crossing of College Boulevard required north of Cannon Road. N/A 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Department of Fish and Game, Fish and Wildlife Service, and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers may have review due to riparian area. Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: City $30,150 $180,000 dedicated improvements $7,125 per annum 58 fra/Ys Feasibility Study II I I B e i i i c i i i i i 0 0 Q I D C G C I I Existing Conditions Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 17 From intersection of Cannon Road and AT & SF railroad line west along Cannon Road and then north along Carlsbad Boulevard. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: DeslgB Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Trail Type: 1,300 L.F. Existing City right-of-way. Residential N/A Site along existing City streets. N/A Sidewalk/bikelane Implementation Priority Class: 3 Anticipated Phasing: 3 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: SO Cost Estimate - Improvements: 11,500 Maintenance Cost (Annual): Part of existing street maintenance. Notes: Existing Condlliou Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 18 Across Agua Hedionda Lagoon immediately to the east of 1-5 bridge. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Trail Type: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: I 1,000 L.F. Public Open space N/A Concept for a floating pontoon bridge crossing Agua Hedionda Lagoon joining Linkages *19 and *22 to form a loop around the lagoon. N/A Bridge Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Coastal Commission, Department of Fish and Game, Fish and Wildlife Service, and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: City SO $200,000 - City cost SI0,000 per annum D C Trails Feasibility Study 59 CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 19 Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: North side of Agua Hedionda from 1-5 to Kelly Drive. I 9,500 L.F. Various: public and private Open Space; residential Infill residential Bridge east of 1-5 to connect to south side of lagoon; overlook at Kelly Road; trail will mostly follow City streets; off-road trail option to be encouraged wherever possible; connects to Laguna Riviera Park. Local Coastal Plan designates trail Sidewalk/bikelane Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Coastal Conservancy, Department of Fish and Game, Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: City $0 $9,500 Part of street maintenance Connection to existing Panonia Trail should be made, possibly through use of signage. 60 Trails Feasibility Study Existing Conditions Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 20 From Laguna Riviera Park to intersection of El Camino Real and Cannon Road. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Trail Type: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: I, S 5,500 L.F. 208-020-28 Open space; residential; undeveloped Residential Locate along open space associated with riparian corridor. N/A 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Coastal Commission, Department of Fish and Game, Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: City SO $132,000 - dedicated improvements $6,270 per annum I I I I I I I D I I I I I I 0 1 D I n c c g i Existing Conditions Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 21 Along north side of Cannon Road from AT & SF to Agua Hedionda Lagoon. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: 3, 13 3,000 L.F. 211-010-23, 24 SDG&E Undeveloped Promenade - commercial development, SDG&E expansion Utilize sidewalk/bikelane under 1-5; alignment should move away from Cannon Road as soon as possible east of 1-5. Maintenance vehicles 1,500 L.F. sidewalk/bikelane 1,500 L.F. Type 1 Implementation Priority Class: 2 Anticipated Phasing: 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: City SO SI,500 - City cost $69,000 - dedicated improvements $2,850 Existing Condition Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 22 West Agua Hedionda Lagoon (south side) to Faraday/Cannon 13 8,500 L.F. 211-010-23,24 SDG&E, 212-010-14 SDG&E, 212-010-11 City Veterans Memorial Park Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: Existing agriculture/open space Promenade shopping center Trail alignment from pontoon bridge (Linkage #18) along edge of Promenade project next to lagoon to Macario Canyon Park. N/A 1 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Coastal Commission, Department of Fish and Game, Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: City; some of the linkage may only be possible as an easement over SDG&E ownership. $0 1391,000 - dedicated improvements 116,150 per annum 0 0 0 Tra//s Feasibility Study 61 Existing Conditions Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 23 East from Macario Canyon Park along south of Cannon Road to intersection of Cannon and El Cam!no Real. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated phasing: Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: 5,000 L.F. 20S-020-2S Kelly Ranch Open space Kelly Ranch - residential Locate as far as possible from road; introduce buffer landscaping between road and trail where possible. N/A 2 1 I Coastal Commission, Department of Fish and Game, Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers City SO $120,000 - dedicated improvements $4,750 per annum It may be necessary to construct a temporary staging area somewhere along this linkage for use until Macario Canyon Park is developed; this linkage could form part of a demonstration project to be implemented as the first section of the trail system setting standards for future implementation. Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 24 From intersection of Cannon Road and El Camino Real south to Veterans Memorial Park. 11,000 L.F. 208-020-28 - Kelly; 212-010-03 - Kirgis; 212-010-11 - City of Carlsbad; 212-020-38 - Upland Industries; 212-050-29, 30, and 34 - Wimpey Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Trail Type: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: Undeveloped; open space Residential From intersection of Cannon and El Camino through Evans Point development linking to barn/visitor center with secondary staging area, up to viewpoint, along open space area between Evans Point and Kelly Ranch developments, through edge of Kirgis property to viewpoint in Macario Canyon Park, through Veterans Memorial Park keeping away from roads and making best use of ridgeline views. N/A 2 1 I N/A City $3,600 $24,400 - City cost $249,600 - dedicated improvements/park improvement costs $12,192 This linkage could form part of a demonstration project to be implemented as the first section of the trail system setting standards for future implementation. II I I B 0 I I I c 62 Trails Feasibility Study I I I I I I E c c y i o c Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 25 South from Linkage *I6, crosses Cannon at College, through Sycamore Creek and Sunny Creek to county parcel to north of Safety Center. 14. \5 8,250 L.F. 168-050-23 - Western Land; 209-060-06 - Western Land; 209-070-01 - Cantorini/O'Hare; 209-060-55 - Sandlin; 209-060-59 - Sycamore Creek; 209-040-15 - Ebright; 209-040-03, 209-070-07, 209-050-25 - County; 209-050-21 - Title Insurance/Trust Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: Open space; undeveloped O'Hare Specific Plan Future high school at north; locate in/adjacent to riparian corridor; locate alongside College Boulevard right-of-way for northern section; keep above woodland for views, special concern along creek is the considerable amount of poison oak. N/A 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Department of Fish and Game, Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: City SO $198,000 - dedicated improvements 17,838 per annum Trail could utilize additional 15 percent open space requirement in both Zones 14 and 15. Existing Conditions Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 26 From Sycamore Creek through County land to Palomar Airport Road at intersection with Melrose Avenue. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: 5, 15, 16, 18 8,750 L.F. 209-050-21, 22, 23, 24 Title Insurance and Trust Existing agriculture/open space Future industrial (Palomar Oaks Phase II Specific Plan) Locate trail in open space alongside future industrial development; last segment along future Melrose Alignment; crossing Faraday at future intersection with El Fuerte. N/A 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Coordinate with future alignments of Faraday Avenue and Melrose Avenue; ensure consistency with floodplain and riparian at west end of link. Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Acquisition/Financing: Maintenance (Cost/Financing): Notes: City SO $210,000 - dedicated improvements $8,313 per annum Trails Feasibility Study 63 Existing Conditions Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 27 AT & SF right-of-way from Cannon Road to Palomar Airport Road. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: 4,500 L.F. AT&SF Railroad; industrial; residential City-owned parcel at Cannon Road could be used for potential future park or other recreational facility. Cannon Road site to include secondary staging area; trail may be able to move away from railroad tracks into open space corridor. Railroad maintenance vehicles 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Development of trail subject to negotiations including SANDAG and AT & SF Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: Access easement over AT & SF ownership $0 $108,000 - regional trails program cost $44,000 - City cost $6,017 per annum The proposed future realignment of the intersection of Carlsbad Boulevard and Palomar Airport Road should take account of trail routing needs; possible Carlsbad Boulevard excess right-of-way study should include trail alignments as part of analysis. Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 28 Veterans Memorial Park (Faraday at Cannon) to future ICelly Drive to Palomar Airport Road 5, 8, 13 4,000 L.F. 212-010-11 City of Carlsbad; 212-010-14 SDG&E; 211-010-19 SDG&E; 212-041-05 Ecke; 211-021-19 CalTrans Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Open space, planned industrial Huntington Beach Properties - approved plan, planned industrial at south end of link; north half falls in Veterans Memorial Park. Trail stays within Macario Canyon Park to Kelly Drive; crossing at Kelly to west side; parallel to Kelly on west side to Palomar Airport Road. N/A 2 Implementation Priority Class: 3 Anticipated Phasing: 3 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: $0 Cost Estimate - Improvements: $96,000 park related and/or dedicated improvements Maintenance Cost (Annual): $3,800 per annum Notes: 64 Trails Feasibility Study II I I r c i i i c y i i i i I 0 G I Existing Condi lions Location: c c c y i CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 29 Altamira Park to intersection of Kelly Road and Palomar Airport Road. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Snared Use Needs: Type/Classification: 5,20 2,500 L.F. 212-40-32 - Kelly Undeveloped Industrial park along Palomar Airport Road; Residential - medium density to east of Altamira Park. Trail to follow open space canyon. N/A 2 Implementation Priority Class: 2 Anticipated Phasing: 1 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: $7,500 Cost Estimate - Improvements: $60,000 - City cost Maintenance Cost (Annual): $2,375 per annum Notes: Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 30 Laurel Tree Road south to Poinsettia Lane, then east parallel to Poinsettia Lane to Poinsettia Park. 20 7,000 L.F. 212-040-29 - BCS; 212-040-30 - Carlsbad Land Investors; 215-080-01 - DeJong Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Desiga Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Agriculture Medium density residential A secondary trail southward through the Aviara project could connect to this linkage away from major roads. N/A 2 Implementation Priority Class: 2 Anticipated Phasing: 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: $0 Cost Estimate - Improvements: $168,000 - dedicated improvements Maintenance Cost (Annual): $6,650 Notes: L i; Trails Feasibility Study 65 Existing Conditions Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 31 From intersection of Palomar Airport Road and Kelly Road crossing along base of bluff south of industrial park to link with No. 30. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: 6,500 L.F. 212-040-39 - Faize; 212-040-30 - Carlsbad Land Investors Industrial park; undeveloped Industrial park Locate trail along future frontage road for industrial park. N/A 2 Implementation Priority Class: 2 Anticipated Phasing: 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: SO Cost Estimate - Improvements: 1156,000 - dedicated improvements Maintenance Cost (Annual): 16,175 per annum Notes: 66 7ra//s Feasibility Study Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 32 Poinsettia Park to El Camino Real 19, 20, 21 4,250 L.F. 215-020-01 - Carlsbad I, 215-020-12 - Bons, 215-020-13 Hunt Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Agriculture; undeveloped Residential Potential underpass as part of development proposal at El Camino Real or use intersection with Carrillo Way. N/A 2 Implementation Priority Class: 2 Anticipated Phasing: 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: SO Cost Estimate - Improvements: $102,000 - dedicated improvements Maintenance Cost (Annual): $4,038 per annum Notes:Within Zone 21 alignment could use additional 15 percent open space requirement. I I I C C I I I C y i i i i I e i i i n c c c I I c Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 33 From intersection of El Camino Real and Carrillo Way to Alga None Park. 10 4,000 L.F. 215-021-07 - BCE; 215-021-08 - La Costa Hotel; 215-031-08 BCE Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Undeveloped; open space Development Plans: Desiga Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Residential Future alignment of Carrillo Way will determine actual location of trail; locate along north side of Carrillo Way as far as possible from the roadway; crossing Carrillo Way into Alga Norte Park. N/A 2 Implementation Priority Class: 2 Anticipated Phasing: 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: SO Cost Estimate - Improvements: $96,000 - dedicated improvements Maintenance Cost (Annual): $3,800 per annum Notes: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 34 Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: From Alga Norte Park to Carrillo Ranch 6, 10, 18 6,000 L.F. 215-031-04 - Rancho Carrillo; 222-011-06 - Woodward Company Open Space; undeveloped Residential From Alga Norte Park locate parallel to and south of future alignment of Carrillo Way; proposed arboretum will effect siting - trail should follow boundary of arboretum if alignment through is not possible; follow valley, riparian corridor to Carrillo Ranch; use future subdivision traffic signal for crossing at El Fuerte. N/A 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Department of Fish and Game; Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: City $0 $144,000 - dedicated improvements J5.700 per annum G Trails Feasibility Study 67 Existing Condi lioni Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 35 From future intersection of Carrillo Way and El Fuerte north to Palomar Airport Road and Melrose Avenue. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing 18 5,250 L.F. 213-030-15 Undeveloped Most of trail in open space area; some future residential development close to intersection of Carrillo Way and El Fuerte. Locate through General Plan designated open space corridor; crossing of Palomar Airport Road at Melrose Avenue; crossing of Carrillo Way at El Fuerte. N/A 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Coordinate with future alignments of Carrillo Way, El Fuerte, and Melrose Avenue. Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: City SO $126,000 - dedicated improvements $4,988 68 Trails Feasibility Study CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 36 Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Carrillo Ranch to San Marcos border. IS 4,750 L.F. 222-010-02, 221-010-018 - Carrillo Ranch Agriculture; undeveloped Residential; Rancho Carrillo Master Plan Canyon route from Carrillo Ranch to San Marcos trail system; road crossings at Melrose and Carrillo Way need to be built into residential development plans; trail to be located near riparian woodland. Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: N/A 2 3 3 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Department of Fish and Game; Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: City SO SI 14,000 - dedicated improvements $4,513 per annum II I I p I I I c I 1 I I I CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 37 CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 38 I c c I B 0 Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: From Altamira Park to Poinsettia Lane 4 2,250'L.F. City of Carlsbad; 214-140-40 - Abada Existing residential to west, existing residential to east at Poinsettia. School site Altamira park design connects to Linkage *29; City owned trail in place from Poinsettia north to Camino de las Ondas; location of trail between park (which has been dedicated to city) and Camino de las Ondas will have to be aligned in relation to development of school. N/A 2 Implementation Priority Class: I Anticipated Phasing: I Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: 16,750 Cost Estimate - Improvements: $54,000 - City cost Maintenance Cost (Annual): $2,138 per annum Notes: Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Trail Type: From Camino de las Ondas along Seascape Drive to the intersection of Poinsettia Lane and Batiquitos Drive. 2,000 L.F. City-owned right-of-way Residential; Home Owners tennis facility N/A From Camino de las Ondas follows along Seascape Drive improved sidewalk and along existing paved path adjacent to tennis courts across Buttercup Road and along west edge of City-owned detention basin area to Poinsettia. N/A 1,500 L.F. sidewalk/bikelane 500 L.F. Type 2 Implementation Priority Class: I Anticipated Phasing: I Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: SO Cost Estimate - Improvements: 113,500 - City cost Maintenance Cost (Annual): $475 per annum Notes: G Trails Feasibility Study 69 Existing Conditions Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 39 From AT & SF railroad tracks at Poinsettia Lane to South Carlsbad State Beach. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Trail Type: 22 1,000 L.F. AT & SF; City-owned right-of-way; state Undeveloped Trail follows up cut slope from railroad tracks to south side of Poinsettia Lane; across Carlsbad Boulevard at existing traffic signal; into State Beach site to beach access stairway. N/A 2 Implementation Priority Class: 3 Anticipated Phasing: 3 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Negotiate with State Parks Department for access Proposed Ownership: City; State Cost Estimate - Acquisition: $0 Cost Estimate - Improvements: $24,000 - City cost Maintenance Cost (Annual): $950 per annum Notes: 70 Trails Feasibility Study CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 40 Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Opportunities/Constraints: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Along AT & SF Railroad from Palomar Airport Road to Encinilas ( La Costa Boulevard). 9, 22 15,500 L.F. AT ASF Railroad Right-of-way N/A Locate along railroad right-of-way Railroad maintenance vehicles 2 Implementation Priority Class: 3 Anticipated Phasing: 3 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Dependent on negotiations with SANDAG and AT & SF Proposed Ownership: Public access easement over AT & SF ownership. Cost Estimate - Acquisition: SO Cost Estimate - Improvements: {372,000 regional trails program expense Maintenance Cost (Annual): $14,725 per annum Notes: II I I 0 I I I c I I I I I I I c c c I e c Existing Coadillons Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 41 Railroad line to north shore of Batiquitos Lagoon, located on lop of south facing bluff. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: 9 1.750 L.F. 216-140-29; 216-140-25 - Sammis; 216-140-16 - Lamb Residential to north; Batiquitos Lagoon and associated wetland to south. New residential Existing dirt road along western portion of link is currently used as an informal pedestrian trail; eastern section would follow trail marked out by developer to follow brow ditches along top of slope incorporating existing viewpoint; at north point in mid section of link, trail should cross detention basin spillway. N/A 2 Implementation Priority Class: 2 Anticipated Phasing: 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: $0 Cost Estimate - Improvements: $42,000 - dedicated improvements Maintenance Cost (Annual): $1,663 per annum Notes: Existing Conditions Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 42 Along Lagoon Lane from Poinsettia Lane to Batiquitos Lagoon. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: 19 4,250 L.F. City-owned R.O.W.; 216-150-03, 05, 214-17-21, 22 Savage Residential/Undeveloped Undeveloped area to become residential Utilize existing City-owned trail on east side of Lagoon Lane for northern portion of Link; incorporate secondary staging area at southern end of linkage. N/A Sidewalk/bikelane Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Department of Fish and Game; Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: City SO $4,250 Part of street maintenance Trails Feasibility Study 71 Existing Conditions Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 43 From Lagoon Lane along north shore of Baliquitos Lagoon to Aviara east property line. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: 72 Trails Feasibility Study 19 7,000 L.F. Public Undeveloped to north, Batiquitos Lagoon on south Proposed Aviara Development on north Public access along lagoon, can have areas for nature interpretation, views out over lagoon. Falls within public-owned 100' wetland buffer. Possible picnic site at Promontory 1,400 L.F. from east end of link; secondary north-south linkage through Aviara project can link with trail; for 2,500 L.F. of this segment a second paved path has been included alongside the unpaved path - for handicapped accessible trail lead along part of the lagoon to proposed picnic site. Utilities Department maintenance vehicles (for sewer) 7,000 L.F. - Type 2 2,500 L.F. - Type I (alongside existing Type 2 trail) 1 Department of Fish and Game; Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; Coastal Commission. Negotiate for maintenance by Aviara. City $0 1167,000 - City cost SI68,000 - dedicated improvements 113,142 per annum Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 44 From Aviara eastern property line to El Camino Real, along north side of Batiquitos Lagoon at base of south facing bluffs. 19 4,000 L.F. 216-121-01 - McMurphy. 216-121-02 - Mitsuchi, 216-121-14 Newport Shores Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: Agricultural; open space Residential Continuation from Linkage #43 along north shore of lagoon; includes primary staging area at east end of linkage; trail should be aligned as far from development and roads as possible. N/A 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Department of Fish and Game; Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; Coastal Commission Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate ~ Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: City 16,534 (for the staging area) $96,000 - dedicated improvements 1230,500 - City cost for staging area J5.860 per annum II I I c E I I I C I I I I I I 0 I c c c I I CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 45 Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Trail Type: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: From Alga None Park south to Alga Road. 6, 10 5,000 L.F. 215-030-14; 215-031-08; 215-061-09; 215-480-02, 03 Undeveloped; golf course Residential Trail should be aligned so as to take advantage of views south and west over golf course and lagoon - possibly to be located on west edge of future residential development. Alignment to lead to crossing of Alga Road at Alicante. N/A 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: A portion of the segment may fall under an SDG&E powerline and secondary use easement may have to be negotiated. Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: City; public access easement under powerline S3.000 1108,000 - dedicated improvements $12,000 - City cost $4,750 per annum Existing Conditions Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 46 From intersection of Alga Road and Alicante along Alga Road eastward to SDG&E powerline; follows powerline easement from Alga Road to El Fuerte Street. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Trail Type: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: 6 4,250 L.F. 215-491-47 - BCE Development Residential surrounding powerline open space corridor. N/A Along powerline locate so as to minimize impact of trail on privacy of adjacent housing; this linkage would require a bridge at £1 Fuerte to ensure a safe road crossing. Utility maintenance vehicles 1,750 L.F. sidewalk/bikelane 2,500 L.F. Type 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Secondary use easement negotiation with underlying land owner and SDG&E. Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: Public access easement over underlying private ownership; within existing city right-of-way along Alga Road. $15,000 $111,750 -City cost $2,375 C Trails Feasibility Study 73 Existing Conditions Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 47 Along north bluff top of San Marcos Creek Canyon from El Fuerte Street to staging area off Rancho Santa Fe Road. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: 6, II 9,000 L.F. 215-491-48; 223-010-19, 27, 28, 29, 32, 33, 223-021-16, 17 Undeveloped; open space Residential; open space Trail should be located on edge of canyon rim providing public access along open space corridor; linkage includes one bridge over a small canyon east of and close to £1 Fuerte; much of the trail could follow existing SDG&E maintenance road; short spur towards overlook; staging area at east end of link to east side of water treatment plant. SDG&E maintenance vehicles 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Department of Fish and Game and Fish and Wildlife Service may become involved because of possible habitat impacts on chaparral and/or sage scrub. Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: ' Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: City SO $216,000 - dedicated improvements $104,000 - City cost 18,550 per annum 74 Trails Feasibility Study Existing Conditions Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 48 From staging area close to Rancho Santa Fe Road southwest along south rim of San Marcos Canyon to viewpoint in SDG&E easement, then due east along easement to join with Linkage #53 east of Rancho Santa Fe Road. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Trail Type: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: 6, II 8,000 L.F. 223-021-11; 223-011-02, 04, 05, 06 Open space; undeveloped Residential From the staging area at the east end of Linkage #47, a bridge will carry the trail south over San Marcos Creek and associated riparian area; trail then leads along canyon rim taking advantage of views where possible; then to viewpoint in SDG&E easement; then follows easement. Utility maintenance vehicles 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Department of Fish and Game, Fish and Wildlife Service; negotiations with SDG&E and underlying owners for public access secondary use easement along powerline. Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: City; easement along powerline $27,267 $96,000 - dedicated improvements $156,000 - City cost $9,342 per annum II I I 0 B I I I C I I I I I CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 49 CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. SO B 0 I D C D I I D Existing Cooditioni Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Opportunities/Constraints: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Along El Camino Real from Arenal Road to La Costa Avenue. 6, 19 3,000 L.F. 216-121-14 - Newport Shores; 216-122-23 - Aviara Lagoon to west; residential, open space, and commercial to east. N/A Must use existing bridge to cross San Marcos Creek; pedestrian trail to west of El Camino Real except at bridge crossing; bicycles to use bike lanes on road. N/A Sidewalk/bikelane Implement* tlon Priority Class: 2 Anticipated Phasing: 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition; $0 Cost Estimate - Improvements: $3,000 Maintenance Cost (Annual): Part of street maintenance Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Notes:The improvement cost estimate does not include any street improvements or bridge improvements which (if necessary) have been assumed to be a street improvement related expense. Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance'Cost (Annual): Parallel to El Camino Real from La Costa Avenue to boundary with the City of Encinitas. 23 7,250 L.F. 216-122-24 - Aviara; 216-122-37; 255-011-10; 255-011-12; 255-021-5, 6, 7. g Riparian open space to east; undeveloped to west Commercial/office/residential - medium to high density Trail to go west along La Costa Avenue before turning south; then locate along west side of riparian area. Possible secondary trail to form loop around future Green Valley development. Also potential secondary trails to link up to top of slope to the west to proposed Ecke Park in Encinitas. Crossing of El Camino Real to join Linkage *51 to be implemented with new road crossing. Maintenance vehicles for management of riparian corridor. 2 Department of Fish and Game; Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers; Coastal Commission City $0 $174,000 - dedicated improvements $44,000 - City cost $8,630 Notes:Trails could use additional 15 percent of land area required to be set aside as open space in Zone 23. Trails Feasibility Study 75 CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 51 Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Opportunities/Constraints: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: From El Camino Real to Rancho Santa Fe Road. 12 7,000 L.F. Fieldstone Undeveloped; open space along riparian corridor Residential development plans agreed upon with Fieldstone Company. Trail connection already shown on agreed development plans, to be sited in landscaped band adjacent to future alignment of Calle Barcelona. Crossing at El Camino Real at Olivenhain, and Rancho Santa Fe Road at future road access to Green Valley development. N/A Sidewalk/bikelane Implementation Priority Class: I Anticipated Phasing: Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: JO Cost Estimate - Improvements: $7,000 Maintenance Cost (Annual): Part of street maintenance Notes: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 52 Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: From Stagecoach Park north to La Costa Avenue II 1,500 L.F. 223-060-40 - Christopher Homes Undeveloped; existing residential development to east Residential - medium density: Park View West Locate trail in General Plan designated open space corridor; open space corridor indicated on Park View West development proposal. N/A 2 Implementation Priority Class: I Anticipated Phasing: 1 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: N/A Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: SO Cost Estimate - Improvements: 136,000 - dedicated improvements Maintenance Cost (Annual): SI,425 per annum Notes: 76 Trails Feasibility Study II I I B B I I I C I I I I I I I B I D D I I C n rL Existing Conditions Location: Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. S3 From Mission Estancia in northeast direction to join with proposed trail in City of San Marcos. 11 10,750 L.F. 223-050-64, 223-060-49, 223-071-05, 07 - B.C.E.; 223-071-06; 223-071-10; 223-071-09; 223-032-01 Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Undeveloped; open space Residential - low density; open space Street crossings required at Mission Estancia and Melrose Avenue; steep slopes area - trail needs to follow contours and use switchbacks, etc.; between Mission Estancia and Melrose Avenue locate within General Plan designated open space corridor; trail to stay to west side of water tower and reservoir; crossing of Melrose to be located at future intersection with La Costa Avenue; Ensure alignment corresponds with planning for San Marcos trail; spur to east close to water tower could effect connection to proposed county trail linkage. N/A Implementation Priority Class: 2 Anticipated Phasing: 2 Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Department of Fish and Game, Fish and Wildlife Service Proposed Ownership: City Cost Estimate - Acquisition: SO Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance (Cost/Financing): Notes: $258,000 - dedicated improvements SI0,000 - City cost 110,213 per annum Existing Conditions Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 54 From Stagecoach Park southwest along east side of Rancho Santa Fe and then east along open space corridor to south of existing development at Calle Vallarta and Avenida Anacapa. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting criteria: Shared Use Needs: Type/Classification: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: II 7,750 L.F. 255-031-26 - Fieldstone Open space; undeveloped Small commercial site at intersection of Rancho Santa Fe Road and Mission Estancia; residential low to medium. Crossing at Mission Estancia into Park. East of commercial development at Rancho Santa Fe and Mission Estancia trail to run through open space corridor along drainage course. Crossing of Calle Barcelona at Rancho Santa Fe. Continues southwest in open space between residential development and roadway. Then east along floodplain open space. N/A 2 Department of Fish and Game; Fish and Wildlife Service; U.S. Army Corps of Engineers City $46,500 SI86,000 - City cost $7,363 per annum Possible connection into loop with Encinitas trail system to south. Trails Feasibility Study 77 Existing Conditions Location: CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 55 From intersection of Mission Estancia and Calle Acervo at Stagecoach Park south to Encinitas. Zone: Length: Existing Ownership: Existing/Surrounding Land Use: Development Plans: Design Siting Criteria: Shared Use Needs: Trail Type: Implementation Priority Class: Anticipated Phasing: 11 7,000 L.F. Private Undeveloped Residential After short section along sidewalk trail follows boundary of future school site and then into open space areas of proposed residential developments. N/A 2 Existing Conditions Location: Length: Design Siting Criteria: Trail Type: Notes: Negotiation/Permits and Approvals: Department of Fish and Game, Fish and Wildlife Service, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Proposed Ownership: Cost Estimate - Acquisition: Cost Estimate - Improvements: Maintenance Cost (Annual): Notes: City $42,000 $168,000 - City cost $6,650 per annum Possible connection into Encinitas trail system CARLSBAD TRAILS SYSTEM LINK NO. 55A From Link No. 54 south of Calle Vallarta west to the City of Encinitas. 4,400 L.F. Will need to cross Rancho Santa Fe. This could occur in conjunction with drainage culvert or would otherwise have to connect with traffic signal — possibly at Olivenhain. Should follow drainage channel in between Willowhaven Road and Wood Road. At the request of the City of Encinitas, this link has been included in the study after completion of the main body of the report. Because of the late date of inclusion, complete analysis of the segment has not been performed and costs associated with this link are not included in the report. However, it appears to be viable and useful and should be considered in future planning. I I I I c I I I c 78 Trails Feasibility Study I I I I D D I D I G C L I D CARLSBAD TRAILS PLAN W R Wv;.r^ •^3®*:®£mF&lViv^r '\'^&:;^$?$&$&ffl ''A- ^v' • ^'^;ift^,Sw>. > • W^f^^'^^A *\ '. ' ^ **''&' t ""•'-•. •"',.*"'"»'.* ! '- j^ ^x. ^ „ i i *_ ^ 01 M *!. 5^ CARLSBAD TRAILS PLAN r«iooo W R T 02 M \ CARLSBAD TRAILS PLAN f = 1000' 1 4 111 5 3 6 W R 03 MAP 5 •^ t^ CARLSBAD TRAILS PLANr=iooo' 7 W R T 04 M CARLSBAD TRAILS PLAN f '• 1000' , W R T ^5m, $> '^M^ifi^la>;\\\xvrvov ./r * ><<« V-w-? ~T*vmv^£rii^Wt.ii«.,\'\£} >,/•*•• >/;i \\• ^iV'Sw^ |i£Wf ^N^^tiW 'J^J vs^^^m W3?'<P i V '•? v-. ,, i« ^-« 'i \'5^«'\\VVW>X s-.'',•**-V'Wlf^- ^ '• ^ ' iPtSiSllt'ViSlIN ^ V hM^;V^^&i^^^^rv A '^Sf *S a? V»**,'«i'"\^V'»''*^'**k(Mj%* (>-O ^*"*™*ew4^|i iK'SvfwC' , !* ?i' iS.* J^il i\*--i*'<T« \t 05 M CARLSBAD TRAILS PLAN T'lOOO 1 4 8 2 sites 9 3 6 10 W R T 06 M \ CARLSBAD TRAILS PLAN l' = 1000' 2 5 9 3 III 10 7 11 W R 07 M C A R L S B AD TRAILS PLAN f'1000' 3 6 10 111 11 W R T 08 M CARLSBAD TRAILS PLAN f'1000 12 W R T 09 M CARLSBAD TRAILS PLANr=iooo' 4 5 :;«; 12 6 10 13 W R 10 M v\ CARLS BAD TRAILS PLAN f'1000 5 9 12 6 j« 13 7 11 14 W R T «~ I '* -4'i.'9f % *«7 ^ f *•« f I ' ' '/-.^^$ii':,^i^r> —.„ -•. 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CARLSBAD TRAILS PLAN f:1000' 15 16 20 W R r: V-r-t-,"'.•? », -*' ,# * t ' 4^'^ ^ " *' , 'N^tgt- t*4i»y ^^ ^St,*^ ^ « rfjwl' **• ''5*' ' * '; , . «" ' *. .!H ./:• 20 M CARLS BAD TRAILS PLAN f'1000' 15 19 16 mm 17 21 23 W R T 21 M A ^\ ^ ' \\\ ~1u ^u u"1 ^ %f?i}j CARLSBAD TRAILS PLAN r»iooo 16 20 17 iiii 23 18 22 W R No Trail Linkages on this Map 22 MAP V CARLSBAD TRAILS PLAN f = 1000' 17 21 23 18 «:; W R 23 M ±* CARLSBAD TRAILS PLAN r=iooo' 20 21 lil 22 W R 0 I B I C c Bibliography City of Carlsbad Report of the Citizen's Committee for Review of Carlsbad's Open Space Plan and Programs. City of Carlsbad, July 1989. CalTrans., Highway Design Manual. DeChiara, Joseph, and Koppleman, Lee., Urban Planning and Design Criteria (26 ed.l. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Company, 1975. Fogg, George E.. Park Planning Guidelines Revised. National Recreation and Park Association, 1981. Harris, Charles W., and Dines, Nicholas T., Time Saver Standards for Landscape Architecture. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1988. National Trails Symposium., National Trails Agenda Task Force User Conflict Subgroup. Report on the Ninth National Trails Symposium, September 11 -14,1988, Unicoi State Park, Georgia. Poway, City of., Trail Standards and Specifications. San Diego County Department of Public Works., Easement Guidelines for Riding and Hiking Trails. San Diego County Department of Public Works., Improvement Guidelines for Riding and Hiking Trails. United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service., Trails Management Handbook. United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service., Standard Trail Construction Specifications. I Poway, City of., Trails Guide. San Diego County Department of Public Works., Procedure for Locating Riding and Hiking Trails on Land Development Projects. |c ! H San Diego County Department of Public Works., Public Road Standards. January 1985 Trails Feasibility Study 81 L I Appendix A Sources for Trail Survey CITY Burbank NAME Anna Mendiola Jim Patricola East Bay Regional David Clovis Park District Steve Fiala Fontana Glendora Montebello Poway Rancho Cucamonga Valencia Whittier Jim Engel Dick Swinney Bill Mahler Fred Palmer John Wicker Robert Wilcox Dan Cannon Jerry Bruce Jeff Barnes Jim Hart Mr. Hideo Cynthia Herman 82 Trails Feasibility Study DEPT.PHONE Parks/Rec (818) 953-9554 Risk Mgmt. (818) 953-3168 Risk Mgmt. (415) 531-9300 Land Acq. (415) 531-9300 Parks/Rec (714) 350-6709 Parks/Rec (818) 963-5668 Parks/Rec (213) 725-1200 L.A. County (818) 330-3860 L.A. County (213) 738-3028 Parks/Rec Planning (619) 748-6600 (619) 748-6600 Parks/Rec (714) 989-1851 Parks/Rec (714) 989-1861 Public Works (714) 989-2813 Finance (714) 989-2813 Parks/Rec (213) 945-8200 ext. 479 Risk Mgmt. (213) 945-8200 ext. 370 I I I f! C I I I c c I I I I I D D D I G L C C B I Acknowledgments The City of Carlsbad City Staff Michael Holzmiller, Planning Director Dennis A. Turner, Principal Planner Van W. Lynch, Planning Technician Mike Shirey, Assistant Civil Engineer Ralph W. Anderson, Utilities and Maintenance Director Greg Woods, Street Maintenance Supervisor David Bradstreet, Parks and Recreation Director Keith Beverly, Senior Management Analyst Michael E. Smith, Fire Marshal Walter Brown, Principal Civil Engineer Lt. Hasenaur, Police Department Trails Subcommittee Dave Castner Courtney E. Heineman Anna Knox Anthony (Tony) Lawson Kip McBane Julianne Nygaard Fay O. Round Cindy Ward Bob Wilkinson C Planning Commission Tom G. Erwin Matthew Hall Robert Holmes Mary Marcus Jeanne B. McFadden Clarence ("Bud") Schlehuber Sharon Schramm Parks and Recreation Commission David Castner Shirley Dahlquist Anna Knox Anthony (Tony) Lawson John B. Strayer Cindy Ward Kim Welshons For assistance in the supply of specific information, grateful acknowledgment is made to: ADL Planning Associates Fay Round/ & Associates Hofman Planning Associates San Diego Gas and Electric Company Prepared by: Wallace Roberts & Todd - Paul Rookwood, Project Manager and Economics Research Associates - William Anderson, Principal August 1990 Trails Feasibility Study 83