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Carlsbad Municipal Water District
Master Plan Updates
VOLUME I
ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
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October 1997
SY332Lw\yOLl .RPl
,-- CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT
MASTERPLANUPDATES
VOLUME I
ENVIRONMENTAL SElTlNG
TABLE OF CONTENTS
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Page No.
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
VOLUME 1 . ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING ............................................ 1
1.1 Background ............................................................... 1
1.2 Political Subdivisions ........................................................ 1
City Of Carlsbad ........................................................... 2
Water Supply History ........................................................ 2
Wastewater Collection and Treatment .......................................... 5
Carlsbad Municipal Water District .............................................. 5
District History ............................................................. 5
OtherAgencies ........................................................... 10
Vallecitos Water District .............................................. 10
Vallecitos Interceptor ....................................................... 10
Buena Sanitation District ............................................. 11
Leucadia County Water District ........................................ 12
City of Vista ........................................................ 13
Existing Agreements ................................................. 13
Ponto Trunk Sewer Agreement ............................................... 14
Encina Wastewater Authority .......................................... 14
ResourceAgencies ......................................................... 14
Coastal Commission ....................................................... 15
Regional Water Quality Control Board ......................................... 16
San Diego County Department of Health ....................................... 16
San Diego Air Pollution Control District (APCD) ................................. 17
California State Health Department ........................................... 17
California Department of Transportation (CALTRANS) ............................ 17
State Fish and Game ...................................................... 17
Armycorpsof Engineers ................................................... 18
1.3 Environmental Setting ...................................................... 18
Geography ............................................................... 18
Geology ................................................................. 19
Introduction ........................................................ 19
Stratigraphy ........................................................ 19
Structure .......................................................... 23
Soils .................................................................... 23
Hydrogeological Features ............................................. 26
Economics ............................................................... 28
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CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT
MASTERPLANUPDATES
VOLUME I
ENVIRONMENTAL SEnING
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(Continued)
1.4
1.5 .-
1.6
IndustrialCorridor ................................................... 28
Tourist Oriented Development ......................................... 29
Regional Commercial Development ..................................... 29
Transportation And Related Land Use Development ....................... 29 Village/Redevelopment Area .......................................... 31
Community Commercial Development .................................. 32
Agriculture ......................................................... 32
Land Use ................................................................ 32
General Plan ............................................................. 32
Land UseClassifications .................................................... 33
GrowthManageme nt ....................................................... 34
Wastewater Treatment Capacity .............................................. 44
Sewer Collection System ................................................... 44
Water Distribution System ................................................... 45
Growth Projections ........................................................ 45
District Population ......................................................... 46
Existing Water, Wastewater, and Reclamation Facilities ........................... 47
Water Supply ............................................................. 47
Wastewater .............................................................. 48
Reclamation .............................................................. 49
Water and Sewer User Charges .............................................. 49
Wastewater ........................................................ 50
Adopted Rates ..................................................... 50
LIST OF TABLES
Key Dates ................................................................ 0
Watersheds .............................................................. 26
Economic Development Areas of Focus ........................................ 28
Land UseClassifications .................................................... 33
Quantitative Breakdown by Land Use Category by Local Facilities Management Zones
(Total Developable Gross Acreage) ........................................... 40
PopulationTrends ......................................................... 45
Service Area Population .................................................... 46
APPENDIX A . SCOPE OF WORK
APPENDIX B .WATER. RECLAIMED WATER. AND WASTEWATER RATE RESOLUTIONS
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CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT
MASTER PLAN UPDATES
VOLUME I
ENVIRONMENTAL SElTlNG
TABLE OF CONTENTS
(Continued)
LIST OF FIGURES
AreaMap ................................................................. 3
City Boundaries ............................................................ 4
Sewer District Boundaries .................................................... 6
Water District Boundaries .................................................... 7
Stratigraphic Column City of Carlsbad and Mission Hydrologic Subarea .............. 20
Geologic Map of Carlsbad ................................................... 21
GeologicMapof Mission .................................................... 22
Inactive Faults in Carlsbad .................................................. 24
Soil Distribution City of Carlsbad and Mission Hydrologic Subarea ................... 25
San Luis Rey Hydrologic Unit and Mission Hydrologic Subarea ..................... 27
NorthwestQuadrant ....................................................... 35
Northeast Quadrant ........................................................ 36
Southwest Quadrant ....................................................... 37
Southeast Quadrant ....................................................... 38
Local Facilities Management Zones ........................................... 39
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CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT MASTER PLAN UPDATES
LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS
ADD Average Day Demand
ac acre
AC Asbestos Cement
AF Acrefoot
cfs cubic feet per second
CIP Capital Improvement Program CMWD Carlsbad Municipal Water District
CWA County Water Authority
DU Dwelling Unit
EWPCF
fps feet per second
GIs Geographic Information System
gpm gallons per minute
HGL Hydraulic Grade Line HWL High Water Level (maximum water surface elevation in storage tanks)
MD Maximum Day
MDD Maximum Day Demand - MG Million Gallons
mgd million gallons per day
mg/l milligrams per liter
MWD Metropolitan Water District of Southern California
No. Number
PH PeakHour
PRV/PSV Combination PRV and PSV
PSV Pressure Sustaining Valve psi pounds per square inch
PVC Polyvinyl Chloride R.O. Reverse Osmosis RN Remote Terminal Unit
SANDAG
SDCWA
SCADA
TAP Tri-Agency Pipeline
VFD Variable Frequency Drives
WD Water District
WRP Water Reclamation Plant
Encina Water Pollution Control Facility
San Diego Association of Governments San Diego County Water Authority
Supervisor Control and Data Acquisition
Volume 1
1.1 Background I
In June 1996, the Carlsbad Municipal Water District began updating their water, sewer, and
reclaimed water master plans. The previous plans were completed approximately 5 years ago and
assumed that only imported water would be used to meet the District's water supply requirements.
Therefore, another element of this work is an inventory of the potential water resources available to
the District. Carollo Engineers with ASL Consulting Engineers, Inc. were retained by the District to
update the plans. These updates will be integrated with respect to water, reclaimed water, sewer,
and other water resource issues. The scope of work for these updates is contained in Appendix A.
The District provides water, reclaimed water, and sewer service within the City of Carlsbad, located
in coastal, north San Diego County. The District covers most of the City's boundary, with other
special districts providing services at the southeast corner of the City.
The City of Carlsbad updated the General Plan in 1994. This included land use and population
projections. The projections differ somewhat from those used in the previous City master plan. The
master plan updates will make use of the most recent growth projections.
This is one of five volumes developed for the overall master planning effort. It includes an overall
background of the District and the City with respect to service area characteristics, land use,
population, geographical and geological features, and interagency agreements. This volume is the
basis for the subsequent master plan documents, especially with respect to existing and potential
development.
This section describes the political subdivisions within the City of Carlsbad. The major agencies
include the City and the District. In reviewing the history of these two agencies, it is important to
have a perspective as each one's involvement in the water supply and distribution in the area.
Until recent history, the development within the existing City limits was confined to the northwest
section of the City. The remaining area was mainly unincorporated agricultural lands. The area of
the original City development was served by mutual water companies. Most of the surrounding
agricultural area was either dry-farmed or served by wells.
The District came into existence as a vehicle to provide imported Colorado River water into the area.
The District sold this water to the City as well as agricultural users. As the Carlsbad area was
developed, the City expanded its limits by annexations. Finally, the District became part of the City
as the sphere's of influence became essentially the same. The history of each is outlined below.
St(332Aoo\VOL1 .RPT 1
City Of Carlsbad
The City of Carlsbad is located in the north coastal region of San Diego County as shown on
Figure 1. Its western boundary is the Pacific Ocean. Contiguous cities include the City of Oceanside
to the north, the City of Encinitas to the South, and the Cities of San Marcos and Vista to the east.
The City boundaries are shown on Figure 2.
The City first developed as a rail stop and resort at the turn of the century. It was incorporated as a
general law city in 1952.
Major transportation corridors include Interstate 5 and the North County Transit District rail line, both
running from north to south along the coastal corridor. Palomar Airport Road bisects the City from
west to east. This major arterial is used as an alternative to State Route 78 on the north end of the
City. Another major arterial is El Camino Real that connects several coastal Cities from north to
south.
Other major water bodies include Batiquitos, Buena Vista, and Agua Hedionda Lagoons also shown
on Figure 2. These lagoons are used for wildlife, recreation, and shell fish aquaculture in Agua
Hedionda.
The City covers almost 25,000 acres and has a 1995 estimated population of approximately
69,000 (1).
Water Supply History
The first City water supply came from the San Luis Rey River, north of the City of Oceanside. Wells
were first drilled in 1886 by the Carlsbad Land and Water Company. A line was constructed south to
Carlsbad to provide the groundwater.
The San Luis Rey River continued to be the only supply for the City for many years. The ownership
of the facilities and the water rights passed hands several times. The City's water rights in the Sari
Luis Rey River date back to 1913 when the South Coast Land Company and the City of Oceanside
entered into an agreement for pumping and diversion of 200 miner inches to non-riparian lands.
Also in 1913, the Oceanside Mutual Water Company was formed to deliver the water to its
stockholders at cost. It was responsible for construction of the distribution and storage facilities. In
1915, the South Coast Land Company sold the San Luis Rey River water rights to the mutual water
company.
The Oceanside Mutual Water Company became the Carlsbad Mutual Water Company. In 1934, the
South Coast Land Company recorded a quit claim deed to the Mutual Water Company further
conveying the original San Luis Rey Water rights.
By the mid-l930's, the existing wells could not keep up with the seasonal demands. The summer
demands exceeded the well output. The groundwater levels in the San Luis Rey River were
dropping and groundwater quality was degrading. -
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WATER, SEWER, RECLAIMED WATER
MASTER PLANS AND WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT PLAN
AREA MAP
FIGURE 1
encineers CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT,
L In 1935, the Mutual Water Company filed for a 5 cubic feet per second water right from the San Luis
Rey River using the existing wells. The water was to be stored in Lake Calavera. Rights for the
surface runoff into Lake Calavera were also filed. This led to the construction of Lake Calavera and
a water treatment plant. These facilities provided for the required seasonal storage. The wells were
used in the winter to fill the reservoir for subsequent summer use.
In the mid-l95Os, the Terramar Water Company was incorporated to provide water to a
development south of Agua Hedionda Lagoon. The source of water for Terramar were wells in the
vicinity of the Rancho Carlsbad golf course.
In 1958, the City acquired the Terramar Water Company and the Carlsbad Mutual Water Company.
This consolidated the water facilities, with the exception of the District facilities, into the City
government.
Wastewater Collection and Treatment
The collected wastewater is treated and disposed of at the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility.
This treatment plant is owned and operated through joint powers agreements by 6 member
agencies, which the City of Carlsbad is a member. There are 6 major trunk sewers and 14 lift
stations. Two additional lift stations are planned to be operational within the next 2 years.
For sewer service, the Vallecitos Water District is responsible for the same area within the City that
they provide water service to. The Leucadia County Water District provides sewer service for the
entire area within the City served by the Olivenhain Municipal Water District plus additional area as
shown on Figure 3.
Carlsbad Municipal Water District
The Carlsbad Municipal Water District has the responsibility for water supply and distribution for the
majority of the City of Carlsbad. The District now also provides for wastewater collection and
maintains local sewers, trunk sewers, and lift stations. The sewer collection system was originally a
city infrastructure. Beginning in 1993, the District also began distribution of reclaimed (recycled)
water.
The water service area is shown on Figure 4. The District provides water service for the entire City
except for the southeast corner. The Vallecitos Water District covers a small area at the east end of
Alga Road. The Olivenhain Municipal Water District is responsible for water service in the southeast
corner of the City.
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District History
The District history began with the formation of the Carlsbad Public Utility District in 1950. This
District was formed as a vehicle to import water through the San Diego County Water Authority.
Growth was beginning to outstrip the local supplies, which continued to worsen in quality.
The boundaries of the Public Utility District were not contiguous with other water agencies in
existence or planned for importation of water. The Metropolitan Water District had a policy
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L
1 August 13,1913
concerning how areas came into membership as manageable blocks. This led to the formation of
the Carlsbad Municipal Water District with the boundaries that exist today.
The Carlsbad Municipal Water District was formed and the first meeting held on March 22, 1954.
The District was formed as a vehicle to import Colorado River Water into the area. The imported
water was being supplied by the San Diego County Water Authority through the Metropolitan Water
District of Southern California. The additional supply was needed to support the growth occurring in
Carlsbad. Water distribution was still being provided by the Carlsbad Mutual Water Company.
On August 8, 1958, the City of Carlsbad completed the purchase of the Carlsbad Mutual Water
Company. From 1970 through 1989, the District and City passed several resolutions and numerous
supplemental resolutions delineating responsibilities between the City and District. Responsibilities
for the water system were generally transferred to the District.
The District operated as a separate legal entity until January 1990. At that time, the District became
part of the City, with the Mayor and City council acting as the District's board. An advisory Water
Commission was left in-place, and provides technical recommendations to the Board. The District
also assumed responsibility for sewer and wastewater facilities.
The District continues to operate as a water district under the Municipal Water District Act of 191 1.
There is a General Manager and District Engineer position. The District is responsible for all water
and sewer including planning, engineering, construction, operation and maintenance, billing, and
- financing.
Currently, all water is imported from the San Diego County Water Authority. The District's system is
September 23,1913
a gravity system, with all water flowing from the east to the west. Major facilities include the 200
million gallon Maerkle Reservoir, 11 enclosed reservoirs, 3 booster stations, 54 pressure reducing
stations, a hydroelectric generation facility, and 6 inactive wells.
A chronology of key District water supply events and history is given on Table 1.
The Oceanside Mutual Water Company is formed. It's purpose was to
deliver water to it's stockholders at cost. This includes the capability to
construct and maintain water distribution and storage facilities.
Table I Key aates
CaIlSbad ~untcdpai water Wstrtct Envhonmental setting
March 14, 1915
The Carlsbad Land and Water Company was organized to drill wells to I 1886 I meet Carlsbad's needs.
The South Coast Land Company sells it's interest in the San Luis Rey
right to the Oceanside Mutual Water Company.
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The South Coast Land Company and the City of Oceanside enter an
agreement providing for pumping and diversion of 200 miner's inches of
water from the San Luis Rey River to non riparian lands. The right
includes surface and subterranean water. It also covers the right to
construct facilities to pump and convey the water.
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Table 1 Key Dates
Carlsbad Municipal Water RIstrlct
Environmental Setting
January 1,1990
The Oceanside Mutual Water Company changes it's name to the
Carlsbad Mutual Water ComDanv.
The City incorporates the District as a subsidiary district. The City
Council becomes the governing board.
October 19,1934 The South Coast Land Company further records a quit claim deed to the
Carlsbad Mutual Water Company. The deed further describes the rights
to the San Luis Rey River.
January 3,1935 The Carlsbad Mutual Water Company files Application no. 8205 with the
Division of Water Resources for 5 cubic feet per second from the San
Luis Rey River. Water is to be stored in Lake Calavera. Existing San
Luis Rey wells are to be used. (Assumed) A Permit No. 5228 was
issued for 750 acre-feet per year.
September 19,1950 The first meeting of the new Carlsbad Public Utility District was held.
The boundaries were basically identical to those of the Carlsbad Mutual
Water Company. The purpose of the District was to provide for
importation of water through the San Diego County Water Authority. The
District was in no way to affect the status or operation of the Mutual
Water Company, though there were discussions concerning the
acauisition of the ComDanv bv the District.
March 22, 1954
December 26,1956
December 26.1956
1958
The Carlsbad Municipal Water District is formed and the first meeting is
held. The District was formed as a vehicle to provide imported
Metropolitan Water District water into the community and replaces the
Public Utility District.
The Carlsbad Municipal Water District and the Carlsbad Mutual Water
Company enter into an agreement for purchase of water received by the
District from the San Diego County Water Authority.
The Carlsbad Municipal Water District enters into an Agreement with the
Terramar Water Company, a California corporation. This agreement
covered the purchase of water from the District to be transported
through the facilities of the Mutual Water Company. The Terramar
Water Company assets include pipelines and a reservoir in the area
south of Agua Hedionda.
The City acquires the pipelines and easement assets of the Terramar
Water ComDanv.
August 1,1958 The City of Carlsbad completed the purchase of the Carlsbad Mutual
Water Company for $500,000 in cash. The Agreement was initially
entered into on August 30, 1957. The City assumed all debt and
obligations and agreed to maintain a differential water rate between
agricultural and domestic users. The City further agreed to maintain
service to certain areas outside of the Citv limit.
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7 Other Agencies
The District maintains agreements with other agencies for the mutual benefit of each. The other
agencies and the agreements are discussed below.
Vallecitos Water District
The Vallecitos Water District serves the small area within the City of Carlsbad as shown in Figure 3.
The Vallecitos Water District's service area is generally the City of San Marcos in addition to
portions of Escondido, the City of Vista sphere of influence, and unincorporated portions of San
Diego County (2). The service area is approximately 28,700 acres.
The District is responsible for water, wastewater, and reclaimed water service. Water is imported
from the San Diego County Water Authority. The District owns and operates the 2 million gallon per
day (mgd) Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant. The effluent is used for irrigation within the City of
Carlsbad. The remaining wastewater flows through the City of Carlsbad to the Encina Water
Pollution Control Facility. Vallecitos is a member agency of the Encina Wastewater Authority.
Existing Agreements The Carlsbad Municipal Water District and Vallecitos Water District have
several agreements concerning water reclamation. These are discussed below. The significant
agreement concerns the District's first right of refusal for up to 2 mgd of reclaimed water from the
Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant.
Vallecitos Interceptor
In the early 1980's. the flows in the Buena Interceptor were reaching capacity. There was a further
need for capacity from the San Marcos area.
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On January 8,1985, a joint agreement was made between the San Marcos County Water District
(now the Vallecitos Water District), the City of Carlsbad, and the City of Vista concerning the
ownership and operation of the San Marcos County Water District Land Outfall Interceptor. The
reach included in the agreement is from El Camino Real west to the Encina Water Pollution Control
Facility. This reach is now referred to as the Vallecitos Interceptor.
Under the agreement, Vallecitos remains the owner with agency capacity rights as follows:
&qlgy Flow CaDac i&
City of Carlsbad 5.0
City of Vista 3.75
Vallecitos Water District 12.1
Percent
23.98
17.99
58.03
Fall Safe Line The Fail Safe Line was constructed in the early 1980's to convey treated effluent from
the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant to the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility. The line
was constructed by the developer (Daon Corporation) of the Meadowlark sewer service area. It runs
from east to west generally parallel to Palomar Airport Road.
S;U133UM)\VOL1 .RFI 10
-~ The Daon also completed the Shadowridge project within the Buena Sanitation District. Another
portion of the Fail Safe Line connected the Shadowridge Water Reclamation Plant to the main
east-west pipe. The location of the Fail Safe Line is given on Figure 3.1 in Volume IV of this report.
Joint agreements were entered into in 1980 and 1981 between the San Marcos County Water
District (currently the Vallecitos Water District) and the Buena Sanitation District and the San
Marcos Water District and the City of Carlsbad. The agreements dealt with the ownership of the
main east-west line. There were three reaches of the line: 1) San Marcos, 2) Buena, and
3) Carlsbad. The San Marcos portion only conveys Meadowlark effluent. The Buena reach conveys
a combination of Meadowlark and Shadowridge flows. The third reach was up sized to convey future
flows from a potential Carlsbad water reclamation plant to developments then referred to as
Carlsbad Pacific Business Center, Lake Calavera Hills Associates, and other developers. The
developers paid for the up sizing of the Carlsbad Reach by separate agreement with San Marcos
County Water District.
The ownership by reach is given below:
Vallecitos Carlsbad
San Marcos Ranch 100% -0% -0-%
Buena Reach 50% 50% -0-%
Carlsbad Ranch 16.3% 16.3% 67.4% - The capacities are based on the peak flow rate and the hydraulic capacity of each of the reaches.
The developers paid for the Carlsbad reach with respect to the above percentage in behalf of the
City. The City is obligated to pay for operation, maintenance, and replacement of the line in the
same percentage. Under the agreement, each of the three agencies maintained all rights to the
wastewater or reclaimed water in the pipeline until discharged into the Pacific Ocean.
Reclalrned Water The Vallecitos Water District and the Carlsbad Municipal Water District entered
an agreement in June 1991 concerning the purchase of reclaimed water from the Meadowlark Water
Reclamation Plant. The agreement allows the Carlsbad Municipal Water District to purchase up to
2 mgd of reclaimed water matching the plant's capacity. The water quality provided by Meadowlark
is to meet Title 22 requirements for unrestricted use as well as having a total dissolved solids (TDS)
content of 1,000 milligrams per liter or less. The content could reach 1,200 milligrams per liter in
times of drought.
The District currently pays Vallecitos $262 per acre foot of water as metered at the District's
reclaimed water pump station. The reclaimed water can only be used within the City of Carlsbad.
The agreement is in effect for a period of 20 years from date of execution. It will then remain in force
on a year by year basis unless terminated by one of the parties.
Buena Sanitation District
The Buena Sanitation District provides wastewater collection and treatment within the portion of the
City of Vista contiguous with Carlsbad. The District is currently administered by the City of Vista. It
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owns the 1 .I6 million gallon per day Shadowridge Water Reclamation Plant. The treated effluent is
used to irrigate the Shadowridge Golf Course. There is no excess effluent available during the peak
summer irrigation season.
Excess effluent is disposed of through the Fail Safe Line as described above. Wastewater not
treated at Shadowridge flows through Buena's Encina Outfall to the Encina Water Pollution Control
Facility. The Buena Sanitation District is a member agency of Encina.
Existing Agreements The Buena Sanitation District has agreements with the City and District
concerning outfall capacity and reclaimed water.
Encina Outfall The City and the Buena Sanitation District have had several agreements concerning
leasing of capacity in Buena's Encina Outfall (Buena Interceptor). The only agreement still in effect
was entered into December 15, 1987. This agreement allows the City to discharge a peak flow rate
of 0.8 million gallons per day into the outfall. The City is to pay the District $7,500 per year for the
use of the capacity. The City can continue to use the capacity until the peak flows in the pipe result
in the depth reaching 75 percent of the pipe diameter.
Master Agreement for Use of Reclaimed Water The Carlsbad Municipal Water District, the Buena
Sanitation District, and the Daon Corporation entered into a master agreement covering the use of
reclaimed water in August 1982. The Daon Corporation was the developer of Shadowridge. It
provided for the Water District to use excess reclaimed water from the Shadowridge Water
Reclamation Plant.
The master agreement runs in successive 5 year terms unless any party delivers notice of its
intention not to extend it. The agreement may be modified after August 1997 without approval of
Daon.
The actual conditions of use would be set in supplemental agreements. One such agreement was
also executed in 1982 that provided short term reclaimed water for construction purposes. The
agreement called for 100,000 gallons per day over a three month period.
Leucadia County Water District
The Leucadia County Water District provides wastewater collection and treatment for southern
Carlsbad, the northern portion of the City of Encinitas, and unincorporated areas of San Diego
County. The service area covers 9100 acres (3).
A portion of the wastewater is treated at the District's Gafner Water Reclamation Plant. This plant
has a capacity of 0.75 million gallons per day. The remaining flow is treated at the Encina Water
Pollution Control Facility, which Leucadia is a member agency. The Gafner plant produces effluent
meeting Title 22 requirements for unrestricted use, and this water is then sold to the Carlsbad
Municipal Water District for irrigation at the south La Costa golf course.
Reclaimed Water Agreement. Leucadia and the City of Carlsbad entered into an agreement on
March 25, 1991 for reclaimed water by Carlsbad. This agreement covers delivery of up to
0.75 million gallons per day from the Gafner plant. The Carlsbad Municipal Water District is to take a
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.L minimum of 394 acre-feet of water per year. The effluent quality is to meet Title 22 requirements for
unrestricted use. The effluent total dissolved solids must meet the 1.000 milligram per liter
requirement as contained in the Vallecitos agreement. During drought periods, the concentration
could increase to 1,200 milligrams per liter.
The Water District would have first right of refusal for additional quantities. The agreement has a
term of 20 years. If the Water District is unable to use the reclaimed water, Leucadia may terminate
the agreement with 60 day’s notice. The Water District may terminate the agreement if Leucadia is
unable to meet the quality standards.
City of Vista
The City of Vista is located to the northeast of the City of Carlsbad. Vista is one of the six member
agencies that make up the Encina Wastewater Authority, and the City’s wastewater is treated and
disposed of at the EWPCF. The wastewater is conveyed through the City of Carlsbad, and the two
cities have agreements covering the pumping and the main Vista-Carlsbad Trunk Sewer.
Existing Agreements
On July 13, 1961, the City of Carlsbad and the then Vista Sanitation District entered into an
agreement covering the interceptor system and the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility and
ocean outfall. The interceptor system included the Buena Vista Pump Station, the Buena Vista Force
Main, and the Agua Hedionda Pump Station.
This agreement was revised several times as follows:
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August 17, 1971 - Vista is to bear all operation and maintenance costs for the reach from
Vista to the City of Carlsbad City limits.
September 3, 1975 - Capacity rights are revised.
September 14, 1983 - Vista Sanitation District is dissolved and the City of Vista becomes a
party to the Basic Agreement.
December 27, 1983 - The reach from Vista to the City of Carlsbad as well as a small portion
within Carlsbad is deleted from the agreement. The City of Vista assumes sole
responsibility.
May 22,1987 - The City of Carlsbad submitted a letter for understanding to Vista concerning
the upgrading of the VistdCarlsbad Trunk.
December 17, 1994 - The Encina Wastewater Authority Revised Basic Agreement with the
six Encina member agencies is adopted. Encina will operate the pumps stations at the
expense of Vista and Carlsbad.
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0
The cities are currently negotiating a new agreement covering the operation of the VistdCarlsbad
Trunk that includes the two pump stations. It will cover upgrading and operation and maintenance of
the system. The City of Carlsbad will assume the responsibility of operation and maintenance
including emergency response. The Encina Wastewater Authority will continue the day to day
operation of the pump stations by contract.
SY332AMhvOL4 .RPT 13
- Ponto Trunk Sewer Agreement
In 1972, the City of Carlsbad, Leucadia County Water District, the Encinitas Sanitary District, and
the Occidental Petroleum Land and Development Corporation entered into an agreement covering
the construction of the Ponto Trunk Sewer. The Ponto Trunk Sewer is now referred to as the North
Batiquitos Interceptor. This sewer ends at the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility (EWPCF) and
runs south generally parallel to the Pacific Ocean.
The sewer was constructed by Occidental for flows generated within the City. The size was to be
27 inches. Encinitas and Leucadia paid to upsize a portion of the trunk to 39 inches to carry flows
from these agencies. The up-sizing covered the first 2,415 feet of the 7,400 foot line, starting at the
EWPCF.
The 39 inch portion, consisting of the 2,415 foot portion from the EWPCF, is owned and maintained
by the agencies with respect to the following percentages:
City of Carlsbad 40.0%
Enciniitas 19.7%
Leucadia County Water District 40.3%
The 27 inch portion south of the 39 inch portion is owned 100 percent by Carlsbad.
- Enclna Wastewater Authority
The Encina Wastewater Authority (EWA) provides regional wastewater treatment and disposal for
the northern, coastal region of San Diego County. There are six member agencies: the City of
Carlsbad, the City of Vista, the City of Encinitas, the Leucadia County Water District, the Vallecitos
Water District, and the Buena Sanitation District. The facilities are owned and operated through two
joint powers agreements.
The treatment is provided at the EWPCF. The plant is located in the City of Carlsbad on Avenida
Encinas, south of Palomar Airport Road. Full secondary treatment as well as sludge stabilization
and dewatering is provided. The treated effluent is discharged through a deep ocean outfall to the
Pacific Ocean.
The present capacity of the EWPCF is 36 million gallons per day. The outfall system can handle a
peak discharge rate of 105 million gallons per day. The City of Carlsbad owns 9.24 million gallons
per day in treatment capacity and 25.5 million gallons per day discharge capacity. This ownership is
expected to be sufficient for the City through approximately the year 2010.
Resource Agencies
Future projects may be subject to review and approval or comment by a multitude of agencies.
Instead of attempting to describe in sufficient detail the purpose, authority and responsibilities of
each agency in this Plan, the Water District should review at the earliest opportunity its planned
future projects with the City's Planning Department. At that point in time the exact agencies to be
-
14
- involved in a given project can be determined and appropriate measures can be taken to ensure
their participation.
For reference, the Master Environmental Impact Report (MEIR) prepared for the City's General Plan
identified the following agencies:
City of Carlsbad (Lead Agency)
United States Fish and Wildlife Service
United States Army Corps of Engineers
United States Coast Guard
National Marine Fisheries Service
California Department of Fish and Game
California Coastal Commission
Caltrans
California Department of Housing and Community Development
California State Lands Commission
California Parks and Recreation Department
University of California
California Water Resources Control Board, Division of Water Quality
California Regional Water Quality Control Board, San Diego Region
County of San Diego
San Diego County Air Pollution Control District
San Diego County Water Authority
San Diego County Department of Public Health
San Diego Association of Governments
North County Transit District
Carlsbad Chamber of Commerce
Leucadia County Water District
Vallecitos Water District
Olivenhain Municipal Water District
Carlsbad Unified School District
San Marcos Unified School District
Encinitas Union Elementary School District
San Dieguito Union High School District
Of the above list, following is a discussion of the agencies that have the most direct impact on the
District.
Coastal Commission
The General Plan describes in greater detail the interaction of the Coastal Commission and Coastal
Zone Programs in relation to future development. As a result of the significance of the Coastal
Commission, this information is provided below.
In 1972, California voters approved Proposition 20 which led to the enactment of the State law
(California Coastal Act of 1976) which regulates any development within California's Coastal Zone.
The Coastal Act requires that individual jurisdictions adopt Local Coastal Programs (LCPS) to
implement the State law at a local level. Carlsbads Local Coastal Program is consistent with the
General Plan, but it is a separate document containing separate land use policies and
implementation measures which must also be complied with in addition to the General Plan.
-
Sz133ZAW\vOLl .RPT 15
- Approximately one-third of the City is located within the Coastal Zone. The City's coastal zone has
been divided into six segments and each segment is regulated by separate LCPS. The boundaries
of the City's Coastal Zone which were established by the State are depicted on the Land Use Map.
Almost every conceivable type of development proposal within the Coastal Zone, from removal of
natural vegetation to the construction of huge master planned communities, requires the approval of
a Coastal Development Permit (CDP) in addition to any other permits or entitlements. The land use
policies, programs and regulations of the relevant LCP shall be referred to in addition to the General
Plan, the Municipal Code and other pertinent regulations for guiding land use and development
within the Coastal Zone. The City has adopted LCP segments for all of its Coastal Zone, and only
has authority to issue Coastal Development Permits except for the area of Agua Hedionda Lagoon.
Carlsbad is actively pursuing the lengthy task of effectively implementing the five LCP segments in
order to transfer permit authority to the City.
In those circumstances where an issue is not addressed by the Local Coastal Program Land Use
Plan, but is addressed by the City of Carlsbad General Plan, no coastal development permit, or
exemption, may be granted unless the project considered is found by the appropriate authority to be
consistent with the City of Carlsbad General Plan. In those circumstances where an issue is
addressed by both the Local Coastal Program Land Use Plan and the City of Carlsbad General
Plan, the terms of the Local Coastal Program Land Use Plan shall prevail.
Again, due to the number of potential agencies with authority to review, comment and, in some
cases, approve future projects, the Water District should work with the Planning Department on all
future projects to ensure the appropriate agencies are involved and to ensure compliance with the
California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA).
-
Regional Water Quality Control Board
The Regional Water Quality Control (RWQCB) has jurisdiction over several aspects of the District's
operations. These would include:
1) Issuance of Waste Discharge Permits for discharge of groundwater from construction
dewatering operations.
Approval of reclaimed water applications.
Stream bed alteration review under Section 401 of the Clean Water Act.
2)
3)
San Diego County Department of Health
Interaction with the County Health Department will be necessary for District facilities which involve
discharge of reclaimed water. The San Diego County Department of Health Services will review and
provide input regarding the RWQCB Reports of Waste Discharge.
S~33ZAO7iVOLl .RPT 16
- San Diego Air Pollution Control District (APCD)
The District must interface with APCD when facilities have potential to impact the air quality or public
health considerations in San Diego County. APCDs main thrust is to ensure both air quality and
public health concerns (including toxicology and odor considerations).
Treatment facilities which handle flows greater than 1 mgd must apply and secure permits to
operate. Currently, APCD is reviewing operating permit applications for the overall wastewater
treatment facilities and the biosolids processing facility for the Encina plant. The gas flares for
Encina are already regulated by permits issued by APCD.
The District could come under jurisdiction if the new reclamation treatment plant was constructed.
The District also needs to review the permitting requirements for stationary, standby power
generators and odor control scrubbers.
California State Health Department
The Department of Health Services (WHS) for the State of California enforces the Safe Drinking
Water Act. Agencies such as CMWD are required to continually monitor the quality of the water
which they purvey to their district customers. Required testing regimens include monthly testing and
reporting. Also required are annual inspectionsheports of the District's total system by DOHS.
However, due to limited DOHS personnel, these 'annual" inspections occur approximately every two
to three (2-3) years instead of every year.
Other facilities which may require special permitting by DOHS include any non-standard installation.
As an example, any pipeline installation which will not meet the separation and/or depth-of-bury
requirements will require special consideration by DOHS permitting (i.e. crossovers, etc.).
California Department of Transportation (CALTRANS)
The District will be involved with permitting issues with Caltrans for projects that encroach on
rights-of-way which are adjacent to state and interstate roadways.
In addition to encroachment permits, the District and Caltrans are currently involved in a cooperative
agreement involving the 1-5 corridor and reclaimed sources. This agreement allows Caltrans
reduced rates for reclaimed water which is to be used for irrigation along the self-constructed
reclaimed pipeline. Also, under this agreement, the District will be allowed future accessibility to this
line as one means of expanding their reclaimed system.
State Fish and Game
Involvement with the State Fish and Game Department would be necessary for projects which
involve streambed alteration(s) through the 1601/1603 Streambed Alteration Process.
The Fish and Game Department also monitors state listed endangered species through
Memorandums of Understanding(s) with the affected agency.
-
-
S?4332AW$VOLl .RPT 17
- Additional coastal considerations (such as visual impairmenUimpacts) are addressed through the
Natural Communities Conservation Programs (NCCP), which is a subsidiary to the Fish and Game
Department.
Army Corps of Engineers
The Corps of Engineers is responsible for enforcing Sections 404 and 10 of the Clean Water Act.
These sections reference the requirements for projects involving adjacent wetlands and drainage
considerations.
Geography
Carlsbads native land form, like much of the Southern California coastal area, consists of an uplifted
coastal plain across which east-west drainages have cut systems of alternating mesas separated by
riparian valleys and canyons. At the ocean, the mesas terminate as coastal bluffs and the major
drainages have formed lagoons. Two of the lagoons, Buena Vista and Batiquitos, and their
associated east-west trending form the northerly and southerly boundaries of the City. The third
lagoon, Agua Hedionda, effectively divides the City into north and south sectors.
The low areas and mesa slopes offer many constraints to development, arising not only from the
frequently difficult soils and steep topography, but also from the presence of wetland and riparian
habitats which provide homes to a range of sensitive plant and animal species. The upland areas
and mesas, being less constrained, are more suitable to development. These geographic influences
have shaped development within the City.
The geography of Carlsbad and its influence on past development patterns shape, and to a degree,
limit the type of urban form that Carlsbad may have in the future. Due to the Agua Hedionda Lagoon
(and its drainage), the airport and its influence area, and the power plant with its transmission
rights-of-way, the City is effectively divided into northerly and southerly residential sectors. Further,
the geographical center of the City is the airport, flanked easterly and westerly by a major industrial,
employment generating corridor.
In addition to lending definition to the boundaries of the several communities, the land form of the
City also provides Carlsbad with truly magnificent scenic and environmental resources. In particular,
the lagoons, riparian valleys and canyons, and sage and chaparral covered hillsides bequeath to the
City a wealth of environmental riches. However, with this legacy comes the challenge and
responsibility to manage and protect these environmental resources at the same time that they are
integrated into the future development pattern of the City. To this end, the Land Use Plan calls for a
comprehensive and aggressive environmental resource management and open space preservation
program (see the Open Space and Conservation Element). One of the major defining characteristics
of the City is an extensive network of interconnected greenways, wildlife corridors, parks, trails, and
-
- environmental preserves.
18
- Geology
Introduction
The following section provides general descriptions of the geologic formations, stratigraphy, geologic
structures, soils and hydrogeologic features of the Carlsbad region and the Mission Hydrologic
Subarea of the San Luis Rey River Valley region.
Geology plays an important role in the understanding of groundwater hydrology. Groundwater
storage, recharge, well yields and other flow characteristics are intricately tied to the physical
properties of the surrounding geologic environment. Grain size distribution, permeability and porosity
along with corresponding heterogeneities and structural features help define the movement and
accumulation of groundwater.
Stratigraphy
The Carlsbad and San Luis Rey River Valley areas contain rocks which range in age from the
Jurassic Period, approximately 139 to 190 million years ago, to the present. Rock types in these
areas, from oldest to youngest, include fractured igneous and metamorphic rock, well indurated
marine claystone, nonmarine deposits of boulders, cobbles and sand, and marine deposits of poorly
to well cemented sandstone, siltstone, and claystone as shown on Figure 5.
The Carlsbad and San Luis Rey River region are underlain by granitic rocks of the Cretaceous
Period, approximately 100 to 139 million years old, which are intruded into the overlying
metamorphic rocks. The metamorphic rocks consist of metavolcanics and metasediments. These
rocks are the oldest geologic units in this region and were formed during the Jurassic Period
(Leighton and Associates, 1993). Overlying the metamorphic rocks are sedimentary rocks of the
Cretaceous Period (Figure 5).
A distinct unconformity exists between the sediments of the Cretaceous Period and the sediments of
the younger Tertiary Period. An unconformity is a gap or break in the geologic record represented by
an older rock unit that is directly overlain by a younger rock unit that is not next in the stratigraphic
time succession. This gap may represent a period of nondeposition or a period of increased erosion
that leaves no record of sediments that may have been deposited during that period of time.
The Tertiary Period began about 65 million years ago and ended about 1.6 million years ago. In
Carlsbad and the Mission Hydrologic Subarea, sediments during this period were deposited
beginning about 45 million years ago (Figure 5). Tertiary sedimentary rocks are widespread
throughout the Carlsbad area and generally consist of varying amounts of sandstones, siltstones
and claystones shown on Figures 6 and 7. They are predominantly the result of near shore marine
and non-marine deposits that occurred during transgressional and regressional sequences. A
transgressional sequence represents sea advancement into the continental land mass due to any
change which causes a rise in sea level or subsidence of the land mass. A regressional sequence
represents sea withdrawal from the continental land mass due to any change which causes a drop in
sea level or uplift of the land mass.
-
-
SUBBUM)\VOLI .RPT 19
Geoloeic Time
Qmtemy. (Q) (Present - 1.6 mi lion years)
Tefiiy. 0 (1.6 to 65 mi lion years)
Cretaceous (K) and Jurassic (J) (65 to 190 million years)
Geoloeic Formations
Qt- Terrace Deposits (sand and gravel)
Tso- San Onofre Breccia (sand and gravel)
Tf- Friars Formation (gFeenish ry claystone and mmorsan tone)
9 (sanJtone with thin bed^ e of siltstone and claystone)
0 Ts- SantiagoFormation - a
TSC- Scrip sFormation
(sandstone, siltstone and claystone) d 0 c, Sandstone
Td- Del Mar Formation (greenish gray claystone)
(siltstone, sandstone and claystone)
KI- Lusardi Formation con lomerate with boulders, cobb es and sand)
Jsp Santiago Peaks Volcanics (metasediments and rnetavolcanics)
Kp- Point Lorna Formation
:t & Kgr- Basement Complex (igneous Intruswes)
WATER, SEWER. RECLAIMED WATER ~ MASTER PLANS AND WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT PLAN
STRATIGRAPHIC COLUMN
CITY OF CARLSBAD AND
MISSION HYDROLOGIC SUBAREA ~
FIGURE 5
enoineers CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER
LEGEND
Delmarffrlan Formation
Cerm de la Calavera Dacite
I
I
FIGURE 6
CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER en~ineers
LusardI Formation Fmm highton d Associates. 1993
Crelaceou$ Gnnltln
santiagopeaim Metavolcanlcs
WATER, SEWER, RECLAIMED WATER
MASTER PLANS AND WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT PLAN
GEOLOGIC MAP OF CARLSBAD
.-
Most drainages in Carlsbad contain surficial unconsolidated alluvium and/or colluvium deposited
during the Quaternary Period, approximately 1.9 million years ago to the present. However, the San
Luis Rey River Valley, a major drainage area north of Carlsbad in Oceanside, has much thicker
sequences of alluvium capable of storing economically significant quantities of groundwater. This
area is of importance to Carlsbad because of Carlsbad Municipal Water District's water rights to this
basin.
Cretaceous and Jurassic igneous and metamorphic rocks are exposed along the eastern portion of
the study area. Tertiary sedimentary rocks are exposed along the north and south central portion of
the study area. Quaternary rocks are exposed in the western coastal regions and drainages of the
study area (Figures 6 and 7).
Structure
Geologic faults can influence groundwater migration by either increasing or decreasing the
permeability of rocks along the fault zone. Faults may increase the permeability of relatively brittle
rocks, such as igneous or metamorphic rocks, by increasing the frequency and connectivity of
fractures. Conversely, faults may be a low permeability barrier to groundwater flow in relatively
plastic rock if clayey gouge forms within the fault zone because of shear forces associated with the
fault.
There are no known active or potentially active faults within the City of Carlsbad or the Mission
Hydrologic Subarea. The closest known active fault is the Rose Canyon Fault Zone located about
two to three miles to the west in the Pacific Ocean. There are a number of inactive faults within the
City boundaries shown on Figure 8. No inactive faults have been observed in the Mission Hydrologic
Subarea (Figure 7). An active fault, as defined by the State of California, Division of Mines and
Geology, has had surface displacement in the past 11,000 years. A potentially active fault is defined
as any fault considered to have had displacement in the last 1.6 million years. An inactive fault is
defined as any fault which has not been considered to have had displacement in the last 1.6 million
years.
Deformation is a general term for processes which involve folding, faulting, shearing, compression,
or extension of rocks. There is little fault deformation evident in the geologic record in the City of
Carlsbad. The terrace regions in this area, as with the rest of San Diego County, are mildly dipping
down from east to west.
Soils
Soils in Carlsbad and the Mission Hydrologic Subarea generally range from low permeability clays
and clayey loams to high permeability coarse sandy loams (Figure S), (US. Soils Conservation
Service, 1973). In Carlsbad, very permeable soils are located near the coast along the Quaternary
Terrace deposits and along the drainage areas to the east of Batiquitos Lagoon. In the San Luis Rey
River Valley the very permeable soils are located along the sides of the river valley.
23
N
NOT TO SCALE WATER, SEWER, RECLAIMED WATER
MASTER PLANS AND WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT PLAN
INACTIVE FAULTS IN CARLSBAD
FIGURE 8
en~ineers CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER
- Hydrogeological Features
L
Tnbfe 2 Webersheds Cadshad Muniolp@ Water Distrfct
Environmental Wng
.-
Buena Vista Watershed
The City of Carlsbad lies within the Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit, as described in the Water Quality
Control Plan for the San Diego Basin. There are no major groundwater basins within the Carlsbad
City boundaries (City of Carlsbad Planning Dept., 1994), although there are a few minor basins
associated with the following watershed regions as shown on Table 2.
Drain 19 square miles
I WATERSHED I DRAINAGE I
Agua Hedionda Creek Watershed
Encinas Creek Watershed
Drains 29 square miles
I Drains 3.9 sauare miles
Drains 46 I Batiquitos Lagoon Watershed I (San Marcos and Encinitas Creeks)
Note: City of Carlsbad Planning Department, 1994
The San Luis Rey River Basin is described as the San Luis Rey Hydrologic Unit and drains
approximately 565 square miles (Regional Water Quality Control Board, 1994). The Mission
Hydrologic Subarea comprises the western portion of the San Luis Rey Hydrologic Unit (Figure 10).
Alluvial thickness generally exceeds 200 feet in this basin.
The Mission Hydrologic Subarea covers approximately 29,800 acres. The Mission groundwater
basin is contained within the central portion of the hydrologic subarea, where the alluvial thickness is
greatest, and covers about 5,500 acres. As of 1983, there were 20 active wells operating in the
basin. This is considerably less than was active prior to the advent of imported water during the
mid-1960's. Groundwater elevations reached a low of approximately 20 feet below sea level during
the late-1950's and have recovered to elevations of approximately 10 to 60 feet above sea level
since 1983. Current depths to groundwater have remained fairly constant since the 1980's and are
typically five to ten feet below the ground surface (Izbicki, 1985). The estimated total groundwater
capacity of the Mission groundwater basin is 90,000 acre-feet. Pumping well discharge from the
basin was estimated to be approximately 6,000 acre-feet per year during the 1950's (NBS/Lowry
Engineers and Planners, 1993). After water started being imported in the 1960's discharge due to
pumping within the basin had reduced to only 500 acre-feet per year by the 1990's.
In 1957, total dissolved solids, (TDS), concentrations were often less than 1000 mglL (NBS/Lowry
Engineers and Planners, 1993). In 1983 total dissolved solids (TDS) concentrations ranged from 960
to 3000 mg/L and have remained in excess of 1000 mg/L since the 1980's (NBS/Lowry Engineers
and Planners, 1993). Increases in salinity are largely attributable to recharge of irrigation water and,
according to NBS/Lowry, to a lesser extent the landward intrusion of seawater induced by
groundwater pumping.
SM332A0hVOL1 .RPT 26
Y
I ----+ I
........ ....... .:.:.:.:.:.: .....
b.".'.' ......... . . ' .....
ik .* .
#[ 00 W
-. I
k
U I-
0
:
E W
- Economics
Manufacturers
Bio Industries
CorDorate Heaaauarters
A major industry is the San Diego Gas and Electric Company's Encina Power Plant located on the
Pacific Ocean and Agua Hedionda. Other important economic assets of the City include the Palomar
Airport, the auto mall, The retail mall at Highway 78, the Village area, industrial parks, the La Costa
Resort and Spa, and, Aviara Resort. A major theme park, Legoland, planned to open in 1999 will
also have an impact on the City combined with newly planned resort hotels.
The City of Carlsbad has developed an Economic Development Strategic Plan for the purpose of
ensuring consistency with the adopted General Plan, the Growth Management Program, the 1994
Comprehensive Annual Fiscal Report, 1995-96 Operating and Capital Budget and the City Council's
Five Year Vision Statements and 1995 Goals and Objectives. The Strategic Plan is intended to
identify roles, strategies and action plans for stabilizing and strengthening the overall economic
environment in Carlsbad. The Plan is not based solely on the premise that the recommended
actions will produce increased revenues to the City. The Strategic Plan is reviewed quarterly and
priorities may be modified to meet changes in the economy or to take advantage of new
opportunities.
The Plan identifies six important areas of economic focus which are shown in Table 3. Maximizing
the benefits these areas bring to the City is a key to Carlsbad's economic health and future growth.
AttractiondEvents Auto Dealerships
ResortdGolf Major Retailers
Hotels
I INDUSTRIAL CORRIDOR: I TOURIST ORIENTED: I REGIONAL COMMERCIAL: I
Research and Development Motels
Telecommunications I I
I VILLAGO I COMMUNITY COMMERCIAL: I RELATED LAND USE:
TRANSPORTATION & I REDEVELOPMENT AREA:
I McClellan Palomar Airmrt I Wsiness to Business I Grocerv Stores I
~ ~ ~ ~ ~~~ ~ ~
Transit System & Land Use Community Comm. Other Anchors
lndustrlal Corrldor
Development of Carlsbad's industrial corridor is heavily influenced by the presence of
McClellan-Palomar Airport. The glide path, crash hazard, and noise impact areas around the airport
significantly influence the type and intensity of development across the entire central area of the
City. This area of influence extends generally in a broad band east and west of the runway, and, to a
Sz1(332AohVOL1 .RPT 28
lesser degree, north and south of the airport. For reasons of health and safety, residential
development and most institutional land uses (hospitals, schools, etc.) must be restricted from this
area of airport influence.
Due to these constraints, Carlsbad has designated and zoned most of these lands for industrial and,
to a lesser degree, office development. The size of the effected acreage in Carlsbad is substantial,
creating one of the largest inventories of aggregated industrial land, and correspondingly, one of the
largest potential employment generators in North San Diego County. When fully developed, the
industrial corridor will provide jobs for Carlsbad and the entire region. Carlsbads position as a major
employment center will have increasingly major implications for the City's identity, its role in the
region, and its future development patterns. Currently, planned industrial land uses include those
areas used for, proposed as, or adjacent to industrial development, including manufacturing,
warehousing, storage, research and development, and utility uses.
Tourist Oriented Development
Tourist oriented developments include commercial uses that provide for visitor attractions and uses
that serve the travel and recreational needs of tourists, residents, and the employees of business
and industrial centers. Often such sites are located near major transportation corridors or
recreational and resort areas such as spas, hotels, beaches or lagoons. Typically these areas are
developed along major roadways and are accessible to interregional traffic. Tourist oriented uses
such as motels and hotels are coordinated with compatible accessory uses, to protect the
surrounding properties, ensure safe traffic circulation and promote economically viable tourist
oriented areas of the City.
Regional Commercial Development
Regional commercial centers provide general merchandise, automobile sales, apparel, furniture,
and home furnishing in full depth and variety. Two or more department stores are usually the major
anchors of a regional shopping center, while other stores supplement and complement the variqus
deparlment store lines. New forms of regional centers may include such developments as outlet
centers with an aggregation of factory outlet stores where there are no specific anchor tenants.
These types of centers are regional and typically enjoy strong tourist trade. Regional centers attract
customers from outside the City and generate interregional traffic. Consequently, such centers are
customarily located on a site that is easily visible as well as accessible from interchange points
between highways and freeways.
Transportation And Related Land Use Development
Providing transportation opportunities is an important part of a community's economic development
plan. The safe and efficient movement of people and goods within the City, and providing public
access to all existing and future land uses is not only important to residents of the community, but
also its business sector. Business visitors, customers and suppliers must be able to move easily
through retail and business centers. Businesses also varying transportation modes for distribution of
their products (Le., rail, road, airplane) and they must be able to transport their goods and services
in a timely and efficient fashion.
29
Three areas considered significant to the economic success of Carlsbad are; redevelopment of
McClellan-Palomar Airport, development and enhancement of local mass transit systems and the
land uses that support them, and refinement of the existing circulation network in the City.
McClellan-Palomar Airport McClellan-Palomar Airport is owned by the County of San Diego and is
one of the busiest single runway airports in the nation. The airport features a 4,700 feet by 150 feet
wide runway, an Instrument Landing System, and an FAA Air Traffic Control Tower. The airport was
expected to handle more than 290,000 operations in 1995, including general aviation aircraft,
scheduled commuter airlines, charter operations, and military aircraft. Commuter airlines serve
thousands of passengers each year with daily flights to and from Los Angeles international Airport.
The County is currently developing a new Master Plan for the airport that will focus on elements
such as aviation activity forecasts, airfield configuration, airport access, land use, terminal space
and support facility requirements. The Master Plan will also examine how general aviation at
McClellan-Palomar Airport has adjusted to changes in the marketplace during the last decade, and
how the airport can best serve the needs of businesses, based tenants, pilots and other airport users
in the future.
For the City of Carlsbad, the airport represents a unique economic resource not available in most
communities. As air traffic into San Diego's Lindbergh Field increases, more business and resort
travelers may take advantage of easy connections to and from Los Angeles International Airport
currently available at McClellan-Palomar Airport. In addition, the Airport is conveniently located at
the center of Carlsbad's Industrial Corridor and can accommodate corporate jet arrivals, departures
and storage.
Transit Systems Through a combination of state and local funding, the North San Diego County
Transit Development Board and the San Diego Metropolitan Transit Development Board constructed
the Coast Express Rail Line. Carlsbad has iwo designated transit stations, one in the Village and the
other in the southwest quadrant of the City, near Poinsettia Lane. The rail line currently runs from
San Diego to Oceanside, but will ultimately be extended east to Escondido, serving a population of
approximately 400,000.
In 1992, five Southern California counties concluded negotiations with Santa Fe Railway for the
purchase of over 300 miles of railroad right-of-way. This will form the basis, along with Los Angeles'
Red and Green Lines, for a rail network that will link communities to a Los Angeles hub (including
Los Angeles International Airport) and connect Los Angeles with San Diego. The presence of a rail
system connecting San Diego with Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, and San Bernardino Counties
provides the City with an opportunity to evaluate unique, but complimentary land uses adjacent to,
and near, both of Carlsbad's transit stations.
Mass transit is an important link to the City's future economic development success. Mass transit
provides public transportation access for business commuters, day visitors and vacationers. The
presence of two rail stations within the City brings a degree of distinction to the community and
creates an image of Carlsbad as a destination for both work and play. Coordination of budrail
interface and scheduling is handled by North County Transit District. Bus routes have been
established to serve the City's rail stations, residential areas and the industrial corridor.
sY33umvoLl .RPT 30
- Circulation Network Developing a good circulation system is important to a community's overall
development. Access to major freeways and highways is especially important to the manufacturing
industy and businesses that rely upon customers and suppliers from throughout the region. A good
system will provide for the safe and efficient movement of people and goods within the City and
provide for public access to all existing and future land uses. It also identifies how transportation
systems will link with surrounding jurisdictions and be coordinated with regional transportation plans.
To ensure that circulation facilities are provided concurrently with their need, the City has adopted
numerous policies, programs and ordinances, including the Growth Management Plan. A major
challenge for the City in the future will be to complete the remaining roadway segments outlined in
the City's Circulation Element, in a timely manner.
The construction of remaining circulation element roads and public utilities will be brought about
through a combination of construction activities undertaken by the development community and the
City of Carlsbad. Facility impact fees have been established where a particular facility exceeds the
financial capability of any one developer, or the need for the facility cannot be attributed to a single
development. These fees are used to generate the revenues necessary to finance construction of
the needed facilities. Portions of the circulation network that cannot be linked to future developments
must be financed through other local, regional and federal funding sources. Timing for construction
of the missing circulation network links is essentially a function of development activity.
Village/Redevelopment Area
The history of the Village (Downtown) goes back to the 1880's when the rail line linking San Diego
and Los Angeles was constructed. In the mid-1880's an underground mineral spring was discovered
and Carlsbad soon was being promoted as a resorVspa destination. One hundred years later, in the
198Os, Carlsbad's Downtown was plagued with problems common to many older downtown areas.
Buildings were in many cases seriously dilapidated, competition from modern shopping centers had
siphoned off much of the area's commercial opportunities and small lot sizes and patterns made it
difficult and sometimes impossible to comply with City development standards.
In response to these problems, the Carlsbad Housing and Redevelopment Commission established
the Village Area as a Redevelopment Project Area under California Redevelopment Law in 1981.
Using the powers and privileges granted by that law, the City proceeded to address blighted
conditions wlthin the Village. City codes were enforced, some properties were acquired, public
parking areas were established, overhead utilities were under grounded, public improvements were
constructed and a host of other actions taken, such as the Streetscape Project, with highly visible
and successful results.
-
In 1992, the Carlsbad Redevelopment Agency decided to evaluate the overall progress of the
downtown area. As a result, a comprehensive review/planning process was initiated. The primary
purpose of the review was to refine the vision for the downtown area, establish more appropriate
land use requirements, define supportive development scale and character, and develop a new
strategy to further guide and coordinate public and private investment within the
Village/Redevelopment Area. The result is a new Redevelopment Master Plan and Design Manual.
SY33ZAWJIVOLI .RPT 31
Permitted land uses in the Village may include retail stores, offices, financial institutions, restaurants
and tourist serving facilities. Residential uses are encouraged and can be intermixed throughout the
area.
Community Commercial Development
Community commercial centers offer a wide range of general merchandise and specialty goods.
Often, a supermarket, large variety store, cinema, or discount department store, functions as an
anchor tenant. The emergence of new anchor tenants (Le., high volume specialty or warehouse
stores) has resulted in new, special forms of community commercial centers.
Sometimes community commercial centers are located next to or across from a regional center
because the two types of centers offer different ranges of merchandise. Community commercial
centers also may include commercial uses ranging from individual, small lots in the Village and in
the industrial areas to larger community shopping/office centers and complexes. Appropriate uses
include personal and business retail and service, automobile service, restaurants, and recreational
uses.
As the City's population and industrial corridor grow, it is reasonable to expect that the need for
additional community commercial sites will be generated. It is also reasonable to expect that some
existing land uses will be redesignated to commercial uses. As a result, infrastructure requirements
may also change based upon these actions.
Agriculture
While agriculture is an important resource in Carlsbad it is not emphasized as part of the City's
Economic Development Strategic Plan. However, the City permanently zoned the "flower fields" in
Carlsbad Ranch as a significant tourist and community resource. Agriculture policies contained in
the General Plan are intended to support agricultural activities while planning for the possible future
transition of land to more urban uses consistent with the General Plan and Local Coastal Program
(LCP). The City's LCP protects agricultural lands from the premature conversion by establishing
programs which require mitigation for conversion to urban uses. It also has established methods to
benefit agriculture in the community by providing financial assistance through cash programs.
-
.-
General Plan
The City of Carlsbad, as well as every city and county in the State, is required to prepare and adopt
a comprehensive, long-term general plan for the physical development of the city. On September 6,
1994, the City Council adopted its revised General Plan with the passage of Resolution No. 94-246.
The General Plan proposes an ideal, end-state in keeping with both the values set out in "Carlsbad -
The Vision" and land use policies and proposals. The General Plan is intended to be a living
document, onewhich will grow and evolve with the dynamics of the community. The General Plan
consists of the following:
SY337AW\VOLI .RPT 32
L
Low Density (RL) (0-1.5 dwelling units per acre)
Growth Control Point 1 .O dwelling units per acre Low Density (RLM) (0-4 dwelling units per acre)
Growth Control Point 3.2 dwelling units per acre
Medium Density (RM) (4 to 8 dwelling units per acre)
Growth Control Point 1 1.5 dwelling units per acre.
Medium -Hiah Density (RMH) (8-15 dwelling units per
acre) Growth Control Point 11.5 dwelling units per
Vision and Introduction
Land use Element Circulation Element
Housing Element
Open Space and Conservation Element Noise Element
Public Safety Element
Parks and Recreation Element
Art Element
The General Plan goals, policies and implementation programs will directly effect the future
development of the City and the need for water and sewer facilities. In addition, the City's Growth
Management Program and Habitat Conservation Program directly impact the need for future
facilities and these programs are discussed in greater detail below.
Land Use Classifications
The land use classifications are described in the 1994 General Plan. The current land use planning
is shown by the four City quadrants in Figures 11 through 14. The purpose of the maps is to
graphically show the arrangement and the relationship of the various users. The classifications are
given on Table 4.
3esidential
2ommercial
~~~
'lanned Industrial (PI)
~~
Neighborhood Commercial (N)
Community Commercial (C)
Regional Commercial (R)
TraveVRecreation Commercial (TR)
Village (V) Office and Related Commercial (0)
5overnrnental Facilities (GI I
'ublic Utilities (U) I
33
Table 4 Land Use Ckrsgltlcattons
Carlsbad Municipal WaW WsMct
Envlronmeri!al Sewng
I
Schools Elementary Junior High
High School
Continuation Private
Open Space and Community Parks (OS)
Growth Management
The transition period between what the City is today and what the ultimate desired character of the
City will be is most critical. An area of primary concern is the capability of the City to adequately
serve growth as it occurs. To ensure that adequate public facilities and services are guaranteed at
all times as growth occurs, the City developed a Growth Management Program which was
subsequently ratified by Carlsbad voters in November, 1986. This program establishes citywide,
quadrant, and Local Facilities Management Zones performance standards for eleven public facilities.
The Local Facililty Management Zones are shown on Figure 15. The eleven public facilities
addressed are city administration, library, wastewater treatment, parks, drainage, circulation, fire,
open space, schools, sewer collection, and water distributiodstorage. The program requires that the
appropriate public facilities must be available in conformance with the adopted performance
standards in an area when new development occurs. Unless each of these eleven public facility
standards have been complied with, no new development can occur.
Compliance is planned for and provided through a three-tiered or phased planning process as
described below.
Tier 1 - Citywide Facilities and Improvements Plan - adopted in 1986 includes eleven public facility
performance standards, defined the boundaries of twenty-five local facility management zones, and
detailed existing public facilities and projected the ultimate public facility needs.
Tier 2 - Local Facilities Management Plans - are prepared for each of the twenty-five zones and
implement the provisions of the Growth Management Program. Pians for zones 1-6 were prepared
by the City because these areas were highly urbanized, and there were no large undeveloped lands
under a single ownership. Remaining zone plans will be prepared by property owners and reviewed
SU33ZAOVtVOLI .RPl 34
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by City staff for accuracy, and approved by the City Council after a public hearing. These plans
phase all development and public facilities needs in accordance with the adopted performance
standards, provide a detailed financing mechanism to ensure public facilities can be provided.
Tier 3 - Individual Projects - must comply with the provisions of the Local Facilities Management
Plans, as well as implement provisions of the Citywide plan. In addition, this third tier of the program
includes the review of individual projects to ensure compliance with all performance standards prior
to the approval of any development permits .
The Citywide Facilities and Improvements Plan made an estimate of the number of dwelling units
that could be built as a result of the density ranges in the Land Use Element. For the entire Citv a
build out. the estimate was 54.600 dwellino units and an estimated OoDulation of 135.000.
The purpose of this estimate was to provide an approximate number of ultimate future dwelling units
and population citywide and for each quadrant for facility planning purposes. The City's Capital
Improvement Plan, Growth Management Plan, and public facilities plans are all based on this
estimate. To ensure that all necessary public facilities will be available concurrent with the need to
serve new development, it was necessary to set a limit on the number of future residential dwelling
units which can be constructed in the City. The City determined the maximum number of future
dwelling units which could be constructed in the four quadrants along El Camino Real and Palomar
Airport road.
The maximum number of future dwelling units which may be constructed or approved in each
quadrant after November 4,1986 is as follows: Northwest Quadrant 5,844: Northeast Quadrant
6.1 66: Southwest Quadrant 10,667: Southeast Quadrant 10.801,
When the Growth Management Program was ratified by Carlsbad citizens through an initiative, the
voters mandated that the City not approve any General Plan amendment, zone change, tentative
subdivision map or other discretionary approval which could result in future residential development
above the limit in any quadrant. This mandate will remain in effect unless changed by a majority vote
of the Carlsbad electorate.
The City's Growth Management Program has adopted performance standards that relate specifically
to sewer and water facilities which must be met in order to allow development to occur. These
performance standards are shown below:
Wastewater Treatment Capacity
Sewer plant capacity is adequate for at least a five year period.
Sewer Collection System
Trunk line capacity to meet the demand as determined by the appropriate sewer district must be
provided concurrent with development.
SU332MO\VOLl .RPT 44
L
Table 6 Population Trencls
Cilifsbad MuniCrpal Water Disftict EnMrmm saning r
Water Distribution System
Line capacity to meet the demand a determined by the appropriate water district must be provided
concurrent with development.
A minimum 10 day average storage capacity must be provided prior to any development.
e City of Carlsbad has prepared a number of approaches to
sitive habitat and animal and plant species. These efforts include the
an, Open Space and Conservation Resources Management Plan,
j Conservation Element, participation in the Fieldstone Habitat
nt in the North County Natural Communities Planning effort and with
if the Carlsbad Trails System.
____, _.._.._ _... ..ave a significant impact on the water or sewer systems in terms of
ultimate demand for facilities. The General Plan and Growth Management Programs have taken
these programs into consideration as the projections of future and ultimate growth were determined.
As the Water District coordinates future projects with the Planning Department, consideration and
interaction with these various habitat programs will need to occur.
1970
The City of Carlsbad has grown significantly over the past 35 years. In this period, the population
has increase almost eight fold from 9,253 in 1960 to a population of 63,451 in 1990 (1). The
historical and projected population is given in Table 6. The estimated population of 80,000 in 1995 is
higher than has actually occurred. The City estimates the current population at 69,000. While growth
has been slower than projected, there is currently significant development planned over the next two
years.
-.
14,944
1980
I Population Year
1960 9,253
35,490
1982
1983
37,583
38,827
I 1981 I 35,725 I
-. 1984 39,963
1985 43,685
SU3!3ZMo\VOL1 .RPT 45
Table 6 Population Trends
Carisbad Munidpai Water RisMct
Envlromental scatting
I I 47,810 1986
1988
1989
I 1987 I 53,900 I
58,850
61,948
1990 63,451
I 80,000 1995
2010 -
I 2000 I 95,000 I
110,820
Table 7 Senrlce Aree Populati~ Cartsbed MuUniCrpal WaW..DlStriat
Environmental Wng -,
Ultimate population has been estimated at 124,650. This figure was derived by totaling the
maximum dwelling units in each of the Local Facility Management Zones and applying a City-wide
average population of 2.318 persons per unit.
District Population
The population served by the Carlsbad Municipal Water District will vary somewhat from the City
population. This is due to the overlapping by other special districts that provide water and sewer
service.
The District service population by both water and sewer has also been estimated. The historical
service population for the last 5 years is presented in Table 7. The ultimate service populations are
also given. This is based on the land use as presented in the General Plan (1).
Year
1990-91
1991 -92
1992-93
1993-94
1994-95
Ultimate
-
Pooulation
Water Sewer
49,937 No data
51,335 No data
52,772 No data
54,250 No data
57,854 46,234
105,710 88,125
SM332AWVOLl .RPT 46
.-
1.6 Existing Water, WastPbrmter, and Reclamation Fwllities
Water Supply
As with many communities in southern California, the Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD)
has availed itself with both local and imported water sources. When the coastal plain of northern San
Diego County originally started to develop in the 18M)'s, the local resources, predominantly the San
Luis Rey River were tapped to provide the water resources necessary for the growing population
and agriculture. Carkbad initially developed facilities to use San Luis Rey/Mission Basin in 1913.
Groundwater was the next significant contributor to the region's developed water supply. However,
State Water Rights decisions of the 1930's ruled that groundwater in the Mission Basin were the
equivalent to subsurface flow of the San Luis Rey River thereby curtailing claims on groundwater
rights and efforts to significantly expand its use. Carlsbad acquired the Cannon wellfield facilities to
expand its groundwater production capability in the 1950's. Neither of these wellfields is in operation
today.
With the end of World War II in the mid 1940s, population in San Diego County began to burgeon as
it did throughout southern California. The United States Navy also had plans to expand its presence
in San Diego and was concerned about the reliability of the local water supply. While the San Diego
County Water Authority (SDCWA) did have certain rights to the Colorado River, they had yet to
make any long term commitments to transport their entitlement to San Diego. Under pressure from
the U.S. Navy, SDCWA joined the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWDSC) for
the purpose of obtaining supplemental water from the Colorado River. As a condition of joining
MWDSC, SDCWA had to forego their independent rights to Colorado River water.
In 1951, realizing that they were using the bulk of their local water resources, Carlsbad applied to
join the SDCWA. Not only were they reaching the limit of the local resources in terms of quantity, the
water quality (high in TDS) was becoming detrimental to agricultural which represented a significant
portion of the delivered water supply.
Carlsbad's rights to these various sources of supply can best be described through a brief overview
of California water rights practices. The basic California water rights 'rules" can be summarized as
follows:
All water belongs to the state. Rights for the use can be obtained, but not ownership of the water.
If you own land contiguous to a stream within the stream's watershed, you have a riparian right to
use water from the stream.
If you are not riparian, you must have a permit to use surface water. The appropriative permits are
issued by the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB).
If you own land, you have a right to use groundwater underlying that land.
S11332AWVOLI .RPT 47
No use can be wasteful or unreasonable (Article 10, Section 2 of the State Constitution).
There have been a number of clarifications of or refinements to these "rules' over the years. Some
of these are as follows:
Riparians have priority over appropriators.
Senior appropriators have priority over junior appropriators (first in time, first in right).
Riparians and groundwater users share shortages; appropriators do not.
Appropriators who do not use water for three years lose the right to that use.
Riparians cannot lose their right by non-use unless the stream is adjudicated; then, the court
can cause dormant riparians to be junior to all other rights.
Riparian land, once "severed", can never be riparian again.
Pre-1914 appropriators (year the appropriative law was implemented) have better rights than
post-1 914 appropriators.
Some watersheds and groundwater basins have been adjudicated by the courts (not in
Carlsbad). Adjudicated rights supersede all others.
The SWRCB can fine unauthorized diverters and issue cease and desist orders against
violators of water rights conditions.
The SWRCB can temporarily grant water rights and change those already granted
(especially useful during droughts).
The federal government, which owns about 50% of the land in California, has riparian rights
for water for the primary purposes for that land, but must apply to the SWRCB when it
intends to exercise such right so the SWRCB can determine if the right is consistent with
efficient, beneficial use of the state's waters, and must apply for appropriative rights for
water for secondary purposes. Appropriative rights have certain conditions attached:
Amount
Type of use
Area of Use
Season of use
Diligence
Conditions to protect the public interest
First, get a "permit", then, alter use is accomplished, get a "license". The priority is the date
of application of application for the permit.
The forgoing is just a brief summary of some of the water rights issues that may affect Carlsbad's
rights to its various water sources. A more thorough discussion of water rights, including the State
Water Project and the Colorado River, is contained in Volume V, Water Resources Development
Plan.
Wastewater
The Carlsbad Municipal Water District provides wastewater collection for the majority of the City.
The system includes local collection sewers, trunk sewers, and lift stations. There are 6 major
drainage basins and 5 existing trunk sewers. The sixth trunk, the South Agua Hedionda Trunk is a
subject of this master planning effort.
There are currently 14 lift stations owned and operated by the District and 2 owned and operated
jointly between the District and the City of Vista.
-
SU332AWVOL1 .RPT 48
The wastewater is conveyed to the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility (EWPCF). There it is
treated and disposed of into the Pacific Ocean. A small portion is reclaimed for on-site users and
irrigation of CALTRANS right-of-way along the plant's eastern property line.
The EWPCF is owned and operated by six member agencies through a joint powers agreement as
discussed in a previous section. The member agencies include the City of Carlsbad, the Cities of
Vista and Encinitas, the Vallecitos Water District, the Buena Sanitation District, and the Leucadia
County Water District.
The capacity of the EWPCF is 36 million gallons per day. It is expected that the next expansion will
not be needed until some time around the year 2010. The treatment plant provides full secondary
treatment levels.
Reclamation
Beginning in 1993, the Carlsbad Municipal Water District began the distribution of reclaimed
wastewater. In 1995, a total of 1,036 acre-feet of water was delivered. Major users include the
Aviara development, Aviara Golf Course, and the La Costa Resort and Spa.
The source of the reclaimed water includes both the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant owned
by the Vallecitos Water District and the Gafner Water Reclamation Plant owned by the Leucadia
County Water District. The water is sold to the District by these two agencies. The agreements are
discussed in a previous section.
Water and Sewer User Charges
The District sets rates and charges for both water and sewer service. This includes monthly user
fees and connection fees for new users. The system of charges was reviewed in 1995, and the final
Report for Water and Wastewater Rate Study and Financial Plan was issued in January 1996.
-
.-
The study evaluated the current fee structure, including the method for calculating the fees. A series
of recommendations were made concerning the rates and methodologies. These are summarized
below:
0 Rates should be increased by an average of 7.5 percent in 1995. It was recommended that
the conservation rate be extended to all users based on meter size. No further increase was
foreseen for Fiscal Year 1996-97.
A five percent discount for reclaimed water was recommended. The alternative would be to
keep the same parity with the District providing the reclaimed water retrofits. Water rates will need to be increased in future years to cover the higher cost of imported
water as charged by the Metropolitan Water District, for capital improvements, and reserve
funding. Connection fees were recommended to be based on meter size. The connection fee should
include the New Demand Change component charged by the Metropolitan Water District.
A monthly charge should be levied for the backflow inspection program. This is only for
non-residential users.
0
0
0
0
49
.-.- Wastewater
0
0
The project increase in sewer charges was estimated at 3 percent per year to cover inflation.
A system of charges based on water use was recommended for residential users. The initial
program would only switch multiple family units to water use with single family based on a
flat rate or average winter usage. Collection of fees for studios connected to single family
dwellings needed to be addressed.
Adopted Rates
Based on the January 1996 report, the District adopted new fees on June 4,1996.
Important aspects of the fee structure includes the following:
0
0
0
0
0
The Commodity cost for reclaimed water is 5 percent less than potable water. Users will be
responsible for retrofit costs.
Residential multi-family users will pay sewer fees based on water usage. Single family users
will continue to be on a fixed monthly charge. Potable water connection fees were revised from an equivalent dwelling use basis to meter
size. Reclaimed connection fees are the same. On January 1, 1997, the potable water fixed charge per dwelling unit will be eliminated for
multiple family dwellings. The allocation of the commodity rate was retained. A conservation rate for all customer
classifications is in effect as of January 1, 1997.
A copy of the rate resolutions is included in Appendix 6. -
50
Appendix A
Scope of Work
s:u332mvoL1 .RPl
EXHIBIT "A"
_-
WATER, SEWER, RECLAIMED WATER MASTER PLANS
AND WATER RESOURCES DEVELOPMENT PLAN
SCOPE OF WORK
1. ENVIRONMENTAL CHARACTERISTICS
The purpose of this task is to provide general infomation regarding the City of
Carlsbad and the District. and to summarize study objectives, methods of analysis,
and reference documents used in preparation of the plans.
A. Create an exhibit that desaibes the District's purpose and what activities or
fundions are performed. The exhibit shall consist of a 24x36 color graphic
mwnted on a foam board. A Cml Draw file, 11x17 color copy, and 35 mm
slide shall also be provided.
Identify Jurisdictional Boundaries of Water Agencies within the City of
Carlsbad. This can be accomplished though use of colored or other
reproducible maps and a discussion of boundaries. The District has a map
showing the boundaries for Consultant's use. This map may be part of the
report. All maps in the report shall be prepared for District use in AutoCAD
and a copy of the disk furnished to the District. All spread sheets shall be
prepared in Microsoft Excel.
Present the history of CMWD, including previous mutual and City water
agencies and information on their historical water supplies and subsequent
incorporation. The previous agencies include Carlsbad Mutual, Oceanside
Water Company, and City of Carlsbad.
From existing reference documents and information readily available
summarize service conditions and water demands of Vallecitos Water
District, and Olivenhain Municipal Water District as it applies to the City of
Carlsbad.
B.
C.
E.
F.
G.
Discuss Geography of Carlsbad including area and land forms.
Discuss Geology of Carlsbad including types of soil, groundwater, and
geologic structures. Note that the District has surface water and
groundwater rights in the San Luis Rey River basin located in Oceanside.
Present general discussion on Economics of the City including Commerce, H. - Industry, Agriculture, and Recreation.
1
1. Present information on Water Rights and general comments on their
adequacy or limitations. This shall include Imported and Groundwater
(Capacity Rights) and Reclaimed Water Agreements.
Present information on the existing water supply system of SDCWA and
MWD impacting the District including a discussion on the emergency storage
project, the Imperial Irrigation District proposal and planned water resources
development. Desaibe MWD's IRP process and status and its impact to
Carlsbad and the East Side Reservoir and other facilities impacting the
J.
, imported water supply to the District.
Discuss authority of resource agencies and their impact on approval of
future projects. These agencies indude Coastal Commission, Army Corp of
Engineers, Fish and Game, Fish and Wildlife, SANDAG, North County
Transit District's "commuter rail division" and City Planning Department.
Describe the City's four Quadrants referred to as Northeast, Northwest,
Southeast. The quadrants are used by the City of Carlsbad for
K
L.
planning pwposes. Informati& on the master plans shall de separated into
the four quadrants in this report. It is recognized that facilities will transcend
the quadrants at their boundary interface. Overlays of the quadrants will
suffice in some areas to identify the location of the facility.
Reference the 1996 CMWD Water and Sewer Rate Study and summarize
pertinent findings.
- M.
11. LAND USE
A. Reference City of Carlsbad April 20, 1994, General Plan. Also, include a
discussion on the following subjects and indicate how they impect the water
and sewer system:
1. Growth Management Plan
2. Habitat Management Plan
Incorporate General Plan Land Use Map Color Coded. A separate map
shall be made for each quadrant. The City's Planning Department GIs
coordinator has prepared this map for consultant's use.
Summarize wrrent, "5 Year and "20 Year Land Use from General Plan and
other documents. Review service area population, growth projections,
current and future land uses and any other pertinent information. For example, existing "conserved habitat" areas and land bank mitigation areas
and specific plans within the City.
B.
C.
2
D. Develop tables for "land use" that can be updated by the District when land
use changes are made in the future.
111. WATER DEMANDS
A.
B.
Reference the June 29, 1990, CMWD Water Master Plan.
Discuss current Pressure Zone Elevations, Boundaries, Area, and Backbone
Facilities.
C.
D.
Develop Number of EDU per Pressure Zone (Include current and ultimate.)
Develop a Color Map Showing All Pressure Zones Overlaid on the Land Use
Map.
Evaluate and determine appropriate design criteria (water duty factors).
I.
2.
3.
4.
5.
E.
Residential, commercial, industrial, and agricultural.
Develop Current Water Use - Average annual, seasonal, daily,
hourly, and list peaking factors.
Identify and incorporate existing and proposed nondomestic water
demand areas by quadrant.
Project the decrease in average water demand due to expected
implementation of water consewation measures.
From existing records, evaluate the effect of climate zone on water
demand. Recommend alternative demand factors if significant
differences are determined.
Incorporate the potential offset of potable water demands by the use
of reclaimed or non-potable water from Task IX 6. .
F. Provide Table and Graph on Historical and Projected Water Demands. The
projected demands shall show the actual offset by the Phase I Reclamation
Program and potential offsets by Phase II and non-potable sources.
N. POTABLE WATER QUALITY
A. Present background information on current EPA and State Water Quality
Standards.
8. Compare District Water Supply Quality to Current Standards and Express
in a Table for both Imported and Groundwater.
Include Water Source Identification and Points of Delivery for Water Quality
Modeling.
C.
3
_- D. Describe Proposed Water Quality Regulations that could impad the CMWD
improvements or operation.
Describe existing and potential Water Treatment Processes by MWD at
Skinner Filtration Plant and also any water treatment performed by CMWD
for the local distribution system. District presently adds chlorine to the
distribution system at several points. Incorporate map showing present
water quality sampling locations and a table describing the sampling
location.
E.
V. EXISTING AND PROPOSED WATER FACILITIES
A
B.
C.
D.
E.
F.
.-
Provide an inventory ofthe current Imported Water Supply System Showing
Treated and Untreated Source Pipelines, Turnout Connections and
Allowable Design Capacities. Show pipeline interconnections between
CMWD and adjacent agenda such as City of Oceanside, Vallecitos Water
District, Vista Irrigation District, Olivenhain Municipal Water District and
Encinitas.
Provide an inventory of the current water distribution system and major
transmission mains (Winch and larger) by pipe size and length, type of pipe
material, general condition of facilities, unaccounted for water, and pipeline
break locations. The geometry of the existing system will be based on the
system included in the Master Plan Report, June 1990 and the District's
Water Atlas.
List and describe in tables pumping stations, wells, storage reservoin, and
pressure reducing stations. Information shall be field verified, The District
currently has 3-pump stations, Ginactive wells, 11 -enclosed reservoirs, 1-
200 MG open reservoir, !%pressure reducing stations, and l-water power
generator.
List those facilities that have cathodic protection systems.
Summarize water nehmrk modeling criteria in tabular form to include
definitions and disarssion on how criteria was derived or obtained. Include
flow velocity criteria, service pressure criteria, headloss criteria, pipe
roughness coefficients based on pipeline age and materials, how nodal
demands were estimated, reservoir storage requirements, pump station
sizing requirements, pressure reducing station sizing, supply reliability, well
consttuction/location/capacity criteria, identify any AWWA Guidelines
utilized in the evaluation.
Hold a modeling workshop to facilitate model selection by the District. The
workshop shall provide information and analysis such as cost, features,
4
graphic capabilities, CAD capabilities, water quality modeling, and vendor
sllpport.
Analyze each pressure zone (water network analysis). There are presently
16 pressure zones. An analysis shall be done for existing conditions,
ultimate conditions, ultimate conditions with reclamation and nonpotable
scums, and ultimate conditions with reclamation and nonpotable sources
as well as probable future sources from Task K District plans on
developing a water quality model and inoorporating all pipelines. Indicate
methods to accomplish this.
Provide tables showing Nodal Point Water Demands, Pipeline Flowrate,
and Pressure under the following conditions:
1. Maximum Day,
2. PeakHour.
3.
4.
5.
6.
G.
H.
Maximum Day with Fire Flow,
lndude analysis assuming loss of various supply sources and power
failures,
Include extended period simulation, and
Develop color coded maps of system showing results by pipe size,
flow velocity, headloss and pipe pressure.
F 1. lndude field work in Model Verification and Calibration.
J. Show backbom Water System with nodes and pipe number at scale, include
overall index map and individual area map applicable for map filing. Existing
District maps are at 1" = 200'. (Need sample of what map will look like
before final setup for approval.) Also, color in facilities by pressure zones
and distinguish existing versus proposed pipelines. Pastel colors are not
acceptable. Include enlargement of intersections to convey schematic
information where required.
Provide large scale reproducible schematic Hydraulic Profile of Backbone
System suitable for display to Operations and General Public.
Discuss Phasing Consideration for improvements.
Pmvide Color Coded Map of Phased Improvements summarize and tabulate
facilities in each Phase.
L.
M.
N.
VI. WATER FACILITIES COST
A. Provide Basis of the Cost Estimate including: -
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1. Construction Cost Index
2. Distribution Pipeline Cost
3. Pump Station Cost
4. Storage Reservoir Cost
5. LandCost
6. Engineering, Administrative, Legal Cost
7. Contingencies
8. Operation & Maintenance Cost
Develop Capital Cost of each recommended facility.
Tabulate Capital Improvement Program by phase.
B.
C.
VII. SEWER SYSTEM MASTER PLAN
A. Describe service area of CMWD.
B. Describe boundary and service area and number of connections of
Vallecitos Water District and Leucadia County Water District within City of
Carisbad.
C. Describe and summarize purpose and constraints or functions of all
agreements between Cii of Carlsbad, City of vista, the Encina Wastewater
Authority, Leucadia County Water District, and City of Encinitas regarding trunk sewer and treatment capacities and rights. Treatment plant ownership
and capacity allocations shall be summarized. Present information on any
proposed improvements or capacity increases at each of the threa sewage
treatment facilities within Carlsbad.
D. Determine Wastewater Flow Estimates.
1. Include discussion on basis of wastewater flow estimates, develop
tables that can be updated for existing and Mure average dry
weather flow.
Determine and present discussion regarding inflow and iMiltration
problem areas and develop information on existing and future peak
wetweather flow conditions. Studies have bean preformed on this
subject by the Enana Wastewater Authority. This shall include
discussions concerning the potentially submerged manholes along
the Agua Hedionda and Batiquitos lagoons.
2.
E. Collection System Capacity Evaluation. -
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1. Present design criteria.
2. Perform hydraulic analysis of the VistdCarlsbad, and the Agua
Hedionda north and south trunks. The analysis shall include a
manhole by manhole analysis that shows the capacity and flow in
each segment The District will provide the model input for the Ponto,
BuenaNallecitos, North Batiquitos, and North La Costa trunks. Run
model and present results based on District input. The model shall
be selected in connection with the water model selection workshop.
3. The VistdCarlsbad and Agua Hedionda analysis will be
accomplished within 90 days to facilitate ongoing designs. The
VistalCarisbad analysis shall include size confirmation and review of
the alignment with respect to traffic and constructability. The Agua
Hedionda analysis shall evaluate the optimization of using available capacity in the North Trunkversus constwdon of new capacity in the
South Trunk.
Dexribe the 14 existing and two proposed sewage liHt stations, their
service area and rated capacities, capacities including force main
capacities. Each of the pump stations shall be visited by a
mechanical and electrical engineer to establish the general condition
and compliance with current electrical and fire codes. An inventory
of each pump station shall be prepared on a form. Pertinent photos
of the stations and equipment shall be included in the report.
Describe sewage treatment capacities and service area for three
treatment plants in Carlsbad (i.e. Gafner, Meadowlark, Encina
WPCF).
4.
5.
F. Collection System:
1. Summarize existing video logs and District observation and include
discussion on manholes and sewer pipelines in need of repair or
replacement
2. Include discussion on sulfide corrosion problem areas, odor
problems, root intrusion, grease and solids accumulation, industrial
and commercial waste control, sass and right of way problems,
ventilation, power, instrumentation flow metering, SCADA capability
or status, etc.
Describe rewmmended improvements to existing sewage lii stations
based on field visits and proposed District activities and any criteria
3.
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A
B.
C.
.-
D.
required by Regulatory Agencies such as Regional Water Quality
Control Board.
G. Develop capital improvement program.
1,
2.
Present information on basis of cost estimates.
Develop construction costs for interceptor and collection sewers,
sewage lii stations, and force mains.
Develop costs for gravity pipeline and manhole rehabilitation, pipeline
capacity improvements, and recommended sewage lii station
improvements.
Develop and present operation and maintenance costs from existing
records and budgets.
3.
4.
VIII. RECWMED WATER SYSTEM
Summarized Project Goals for redaimed water development in City of
Carlsbad. Include policies and objectives.
Describe Program Objective of Phase 1.
Desm'be Program Objective of Phase II.
Describe tha efforts and status of Leucadia County Water District, Vista
Irrigation District, Olivenhain Municipal Water District, and San Elijo Joint
Powers Agency in development of reclaimed water supplies and their
proposed distribution systems.
E.
F.
G.
Describe potential sources of redaimed water for Phase II Program based
on District information and the Leucadia County Water District, 'Encina
Basin Demonstration Project Reclamation Master Plan.'
Develop redaimed water demand (customers) for Phase II Program. The
potential customers shall be based on the District's records, market updates
prepared in the Draft Leucadia County Water District Reclamation Study,
Specific Development Plans, and a comparison to the Water Reclamation
master Plan Report, August 1990. List customers in table form together with
their reclaimed water demand and type of use for the water. Update the
District's map showing the location of current and potential customers.
Describe the water quality requirements of the customers and the treated
water quality by source. The District presently has three possible sources
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induding Meadowlark Water Redamation Plant, Gafner Water Reclamation
Plant, and Encina Water Pollution Control Facility. Obtain and discuss
historic water quality data from the treatment plants and their impacts on use
for the reclaimed water. Describe the treatment processes, and their
capacity for each plant. Show overall site plan of each treatment facility and
provide call outs for each process train and their rated capacity including
outfalls. Information is to be obtained from existing documents, studies, or
reports.
Develop potential reclaimed water demand for Phase 11.
Develop criteria for supplying the reclaimed water from the three available
treatment plants. The Encina Water Pollution Control Facility presently
treats up to secondary treatment levels only. To obtain treated water for this
project will require development of a new tertiary treatment facility. In
January 1996,s acres of land was obtained adjacent to the south side of
the existing treatment facility for this purpose. The District has prepared
preliminary layouts for a proposed tertiary facility. Consultant shall provide
information on available technologies for tertiary treatment and develop an
updated site plan based on ultimate water demands which the mnt master
plan estimates at 10.0 mgd. Phase I1 irrigation demands shall provide a
basis for initial sizing of the tertiary treatment facility. A detailed site plan
and final selection of treatment processes will be made under a future
separate work effort However, the consultant shall make recommendations
that will be considered in a future Preliminary Design Report
Prepare a Phase I1 reclaimed water distribution hydraulic analysis. The
analysis shall include all Phase I pipelines, facilities and customers plus
consider future demand for subsequent phases of the reclaimed water
system to build out within the City. Other facilties shall be considered such
as CalTrans reclaimed water pipeline now in design and schedule for
construction in July, 1996.
Summarize reclaimed water distribution system design criteria in a Table.
Develop tables showing estimated peak demand by significant potential
users. lndude average annual demand (AWyr). Average day demand
(mgd), peak month demand (mgd), peak day demand (mgd), and peak hour
demand (gpm). Potential users shall have an identifier for use in comparing
the table to locations on a map.
Perform a hydraulic analysis and submit results showing pipe size, pipe
length, pump station locations, capacity and horsepower, reservoir size,
capacity and location, and other proposed improvements. Develop a map
H.
I.
J.
K
L.
M.
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at scale suitable for display to general public showing proposed facilities for
Phase II. Develop a hydraulic profile schematic of Phase I and II combined.
N. Perform a Phase II optimization analysis. The Phase II optimization shall
consists of an analysis taking into account the follw'ng: 1) potential
expansion at Meadowlark including cost and TDS quality of effluent; 2)
construction of the plant at Encina including the capital and
operatiodmaintenance costs to reduce TDS to below 1,OOO mgA; 3) the
utilization of the failsafe line for flaws from Meadowlark; 4) the additional
pipelines from Meadowlark as well as from the Encina site; 5) pumping costs
from the treatment sites; and 6) lining and covering of the Mahr Reservoir.
The product will be an incfemental analysis giving !he capital and overall
cost per acre-foot for the following scenarios:
1.
2.
Phase II limited to existing flows from Gafner and expansion of
Meadowlark to its optimum size;
Phase II cwisting of existing flows from Gamer and Meadowlark with
construction of a new plant at Encina.
The results of the analysis shall be the identification of the optimum size of
Phase II with respect to available District funding and the resulting cost of
reclaimed water.
Prepare Phase II PFOjed cost estimate. Develop cost per acre foot for Phase
11 facilities. Include discussion on available funding programs including
programs already applied for by the District. Compare this cost to MWD's
projected treated and untreated water cost and include San Diego County
Water Authority charges.
P. Describe project activities associated with project implementation.
- 0.
Summarize project funding and Phase II Project Schedule.
iX. WATER RESOURCES DNELOPMENT PLAN
A Indude a discussion on developing alternative water supplies. Discuss need
for additional Water Supplies and Opportunities. The discussion shall
mider sea water desalination, brackish groundwater, aquifer storage and
recovery, storm and surface water recovery, seasonal storage and direct
reuse, and conjunctive use in the San Luis Rey River. A summary of the
existing groundwater aquifer resources within the District boundaries, with
respect to potential groundwater resource yield and quality, shall be
prepared. This shall include a discussion as to potential storage and
recovery. The summary shall be based on a review of the existing literature.
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8. Describe Current Water Conservation Measures and their effectiveness
(COST BENEFIT ANALYSIS),
Discuss IMPORTED WATER Supply Reliability and SDCWA's Emergency
Storage Project and their 'Imperial Irrigation Projed.
The District is investigating various irrigation water sources including San
Marcus Creek, Buena Vista Lagoon, and Lake Calavera. Detailed
discussion shall be made on these proposals including location, water
quality, water quantity, consbudion impads, facilities required, and planning
level cost estimates.
The District is pursuing seawater desalination. A discussion on current
Dishid activities shall be included. Also, summarize activities by MWD and
the VARI-RO Power Company and Sephton Water Technology concepts
regarding seawater desalination.
Present findings on various water resources and present a cost benefit
analysis. Rank the various water resources in terms of implementability and
cost/benefit Describe further activities needed by the District to bring the
p- to campletion. Provide planning level project cost for each resource
and develop a cost per acre-foot of water delivered through each soum.
C.
D.
F.
G.
X PROJECT MANAGEMENT -
A Prepare a project manual with contacts, responsibilities, scope of work,
schedule, budgets, communication protocol, and job procedures. This shall
indude a quality management approach.
Condud a projed goal setting meeting at the beginning ofthe project. The
District will identify the City participants.
Prepare meeting agendas and distribute to District at least 3 working days
in advance. Include discussion materials for review.
Prepare and distribute meeting notes to attendees within 3 working days of
meeting.
8.
C.
D.
LIST OF DELIVERABLES
1.
2.
3.
District purpose/function exhibit from Task LA One 24x36 inch color graphic mounted on foam board. One 11x1 7 copy. One Correl draw eledronic file.
Electronic file for land use tables from Task 111.0.
Electronic file for Historical and Projected Water Demands from Task 111.F.
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4.
5.
6. -
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
Electronic file of water quality sampling map from Task 1V.E.
Electronic files of final water modeling runs including quality runs.
Large scale reproducible schematic and electronic file of Hydraulic Profile and
Backbone System from Task V.L. and from Task 1II.M.
Electronic files of final reclamation modeling runs.
Electronic files of final sewer modeling runs.
Electronic file of Capital Improvement Program Budgets.
Seven draft and 30 final copies of the Master Plans. The plans shall be organized
by Executive Summary, Environmental Setting, Reclamation, Water, Water
Resources, and Sewer.
Ten copies of separate sewage pump station inventory.
All electronic spreadsheets shall be Microsoft Excel. All maps shall be AutoCAD
12.
ITEMS PROVIDED BY THE DISTRICT
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
Water Master Plan Documents
1. CMWD Water Master Plan Maps
2- Hydraulic Analysis Results
3. Master Plan Report, June 1990
4. Well Location Map, on wall
Reclaimed Water Documents
Electronic file of District boundary map.
Electronic file of City General Plan and Land Use map.
Electronic files of historical water and reclaimed water metered use.
Electronic files of water atlas.
One copy of existing agreements with adjacent Districts and Cities.
Electronic file of Phase I reclaimed water user map.
One copy of the following documents -
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
Reclaimed Water Analysis Map and Pipe List
Water Redaimed Master Plan Report, August 1990
Annual Progress Report, Encina Basin Project, June 1995
Redaimed Water System Legal Doarments, volume I & II
Final Project Summary Report, Encina basin Project, March 1995
Carlsbad Water Reclamation Plant Preliminary Site Evaluation, March 1994
Reclamation Water Schematic Map, on wall
CMWD Reclamation Plant Site Plan
Sewer Master Plan Documents
1 - Master Plan of Sewerage, January 1992 -
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2. Master Plan of Sewerage, Appendices, January 1992 - 3. List of Sewage Lift Stations with location maps
Miscellaneous Doarments
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
Water & Wastewater Rate Study, January 1996
Habitat Management Plan, Public Review Draft July 1994
City of Carlsbad, Zone 23 Growth Management Program, December 1995
Carlsbad General Plan, September 1994
Zone 13 Local Facilities Management Plan, July 1994
Habitat Conservation PlanlOngoing MultiSpecies Plan, March 1994
13
%
HTG. 06/4/96
TITLE: SETING RATES AND FEES FOR DEPT. H
CITYATTYrn POTABLE WATER, RECLAIMED WATER AND WASTEWATER SERVICES
RECOMMENDEDACTION: (JOINT CIm co~cIL/c~ BOARD OF DIRECTORS METING)
Hold a public hearing and adopt Resolution No. 9 37 setting various rates and fees for
potable water, reclaimed water and wastewater services provided by the Carlsbad Municipal
Water District; and
Mopt City Council Resolution No. 9b-14 setting various rates and fees for potable ITEM U(~~NATION: water, reclaime -hl water, and wastewater services.
In April of 1995, the Carlsbad Municipal Water District embarked on a rate study that was to look
at the following issues and arrive at certain recommendations.
Issues
IEPT. CMWD
Customers with large meters do not pay water delivery charges proportional to the
demand they place on the system. Multi-family units are required to pay delivery
charges for each multi-family unit in addition to the delivery charge established for
each water meter.
CITY MGR. '
Currently, water connection fees are based on Equivalent Dwelling Units (EDU's)
defined for sewer use. This allows some users to receive water service without
paying their full share of connection fees.
The financiq of several major capital improvement projects needs to be reviewed.
The Metropolitan Water District has revised its rate structure. As a result, CMWD
rates need to be adjusted to produce adequate revenues to meet expenses.
The impacts of reclaimed water service on potable water need to be examined
Residential wastewater service charges for single family and multi-family units need
to be reviewed to enhance equity between these user groups.
4 review was done mth input from a Citizens Review Cornrniatee (Commitse). Mer educatag
:omrnittee members on the various issues, the intent was to solicit input kom the ccmmdtee
D assist staff in identifying available alternatives to address these issues and to anatyze Me
npacts of aanges on the DiMa as well as Uw DistritricYs customers. This Committee produced
I final report that represented their efforts to grcvide community input to the process af
lesigning a new water rate structure. This Committee report was presented to the Water
:ommission and Board of Directors in September of 1995.
hce the Committee's report was presented and received, the consultant used the report to
Koduce the Water and Wastewater Rate Study and Financial Plan.
his plan has been reviewed by st& over the last few monUis and a final draft has been
iroduced. The following recommendations are presented in the Plan:
‘ Page 2 of Agenda Bill No. 22 ‘1
-. 1. Water Rates - Delivery Charge: Revise the monthly fixed charge (‘Delivery Charge’) to
more fairly reflect the demand each meter places on the system. This revision will result
in an increase in the monthly fixed charge for each meter size and type of water user.
Analvsis - The existing Delivery Charge is a fixed charge which includes a capacity charge
and a customer charge that is fixed for each customer. This charge should be revised in
accordance with Exhibit 3 (‘Monthly Delivery Charges’) of the attached Resolution. This
table shows the existing Delivery Charge in accordance with meter size. This existing
charge has been adjusted to show the proposed new Delivery Charge as listed in the right-
hand column. The proposed new charge more accurately reflects the demand each meter
places on the water system. The adjusted Delivery Charge includes a portion of the new
Ready-To-Serve (RTS) charge previously imposed by the Metropolitan Water District.
The Delivery Charge should also be revised to create equity for Multi-family residential
customers. This would be accomplished by charging Only the Delivery Charge for the
meter, based on size, and not for each additional residential unit as now exists.
2. Water Rates - Commodity Charge: Retain the existing rate structure and rates; Le., no
rate increase is recommended.
L
Analvsis - The Commodity Charge (the charge for each unit of water consumed) reflects
those costs that vary with the quantity of water used. These costs include the cost of
purchasing and treating water. In addition, a part of the operations and maintenance costs,
and capital costs of improvements are allocated to the Commodity Charge.
The existing rate structure, including a conservation rate, should be retained. The
Committee recommended that the conservation rate be extended to all classes of
customers. This would be accomplished by establishing a conservation usage limit for each
meter size as shown on Exhibit 5 (‘Commodity Charges’) of the attached Resolution. This
new rate includes the remaining portion of the Ready-To-Serve (RTS) charge, the balance
of which is placed on the aforementioned delivery charge. A comparison of the allocation
of water costs is presented on Exhibit 4 (‘Allocation of Water Costs’) of the attached
Resolution. The Meqlitan Water District is also imposing an increase of $5.00 per acre
foot on imported water costs. Both of these charges are scheduled to take effect January,
1997.
3. Water Rates - Connection Fees: Revise the potable water Connection Fees from an
Equivalent Dwelling Unit (EDU) basis to a meter size basis to more fairly reflect the demand
each new meter places on the water system.
Analvsis - The method of assessing Connection Fees should be revised and based on
meter size rather than the existing EDU calculation. This “fair share’ approach will result
in some increases and some decreases in actual connection costs depending on the size
of meter connected to the system. The recommended connection fees for different meter
sizes are as shown on the attached Exhibit 2 (‘Potable and Reclaimed Water Connection
‘Fees“). Connection Fees should be revised annually to recover the increased New Demand
Charge (NDC) previously charged by the Metropolitan Water District. Connection Fees
d
. Page 3 of Agenda Bill No. 76. c! _1*
1
should not be charged for retrofits if there is no increase in capacity. - 4. Backflow Connection Program: The monthly fee for administering the badmow
connectim program should be increased from $2.50 to $3.00 per backflow account.
,-. i
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halvsis -The Badmow Connection Charge is required for non-residential users only and
covers administrative costs related to maintaining records and administering the Badmow
Program.
5. The Water Enterprise Fund: The Water Enterprise Fund Operating and Capital
Replacement Reserves have adequate balances and do not need additional cash.
Analvsis - For FY 199596, the Operating Reserve is at 49 percent. Normal utility practice
is to provide a balance in the Operating Reserve of between 10 to 50 percent of annual
operating expenses. This reserve is used for working capital and emergencies. Interest
on the funds in this reserve may be used to finance operations.
Normal utility practice is to maintain a Capital Replacement Reserve with a balance of
between 50 to 100 percent of the average annual capital expense for the next five to ten
years. The District has adequate reserves to meet this requirement. This reserve should
be maintained at the present level to krnd future capital replacement and upgrade projects.
The Capital Expansion Reserve is projected to be depleted by the planned capital
expansion projects due to the slow growth and reduced connection fee revenues. The
District should consider delaying some of the capital expansion projects if the growth rate
does not pick up.
1. Reclaimed Water - commodity Charge: Implement a five percent discounted Commodity
Charge rate for reclaimed water use with water users bearing the costs of retrofitting.
Analvsis -The Committee recommended a five percent discount for reclaimed water use
and let users bear the costs of retrofitting, Retrofits are required to convert. or replace
potable water connections with reclaimed water connections to provide reclaimed water
service.
2. Reclaimed Water - Connection Fees: Establish new reclaimed water connection fees as
shown in Exhibit 2 of the attached Resolution.
Analvsis -New reclaimed water connections should be charged a Connection Fee equal
to that of potable water connections as shown on Exhibit 2 of the attached Resolution.
Reclaimed water users are not required to pay San Diego County Water Authority’s
connection fee.
.- 3. Debt Financing: Seek low cost loans from the State Revolving Fund.
Analvsis -The expansion of reclamation facilities will require debt financing. The District
should seek low cost loans from the State Revolving Fund.
..
’ Page 4 of Agenda Bill No. -?A ‘1-
Recommendations - Wastewater Services
1. Wastewater Enterprise Fund: Increase wastewater rates based on a projection of three
percent per year.
Analvsis -The Wastewater Enterprise Fund is in good financial condition. Only small rate
increases are needed to maintain pace with inflation. The projeded rate increases are three
percent per year.
2. Wastewater Sewices Rates: Revise the rate system for charging wastewater services for
residential multi-family units from the existing fuced rate to a water use-based (“flow based‘)
system; continue to charge single family homes a fixed charge.
Analvsis -The Committee recommended that wastewater rates for residential customers be
based on water use, This would be similar to rates for non-residentiat customers. Since
the major portion of the wastewater service charges are from residential customers, and
water use can vary significantly from year to year, this type of rate structure makes the
District vulnerable to fluctuations in revenue. To ensure that revenues are not too high or
too low, rates would need to be reviewed on an annual basis. Staff recommendation is to
switch multi-family units to a water use-based system, but continue to charge single family
homes a uniform charge. Flat or uniform residential rates, as well as rates based on
average winter use for single family residences and based on monthly water use for multi-
family residences, are presented on Exhibit 1 (“Wastewater Rate’) of the attached
Resolution. It is recommended that multi-family wastewater rates be based on a portion
(e.g., 90%) of monthly water use. It should be noted that the rate increase for single family
units will be significantly higher and other users will actually benefit from a rate reduction.
3. Wastewater Fee - Second Dwelling Units (Granny Flats): Implement a new wastewater
fee for second dwelling units (‘granny flats’).
Analvsis - An additional wastewater fee should be charged for second dwelling units
(‘granny flats’) to ensure that adequate fees are collected for wastewater service. It is
expected that these units will be used by single individuals in most cases; therefore, this
new charge should be 40 percent of that for a single family residence
4. Wastewater Sem’ces - Enterprise Reserves: The Wastewater Enterprise Reserves have
adequate balances and do not need additional cash.
Analvsis - The Wastewater Enterprise Reserves are in good condition and should be
maintained to meet operating and capital replacement needs in the future. The Capital
Expansion Reserve which is used to pay off debt service is being depleted at a fast pace
because of reduced revenues from connection fees due to slow growth.
-. 5. Wastewater Services - Capital Improvement Projects: The District will need to issue
debt of $5 million in 1996-97 and $4 million in 1998-99 to meet the cost of expansion-
related wastewater capital improvement projects.
..
. Page 5 of Agenda Bill No. 3 2-q
FISCAL IMPACT:
Water - Retail water rates must be increased to wver the wholesale increases from the
Metropolitan Water District through the San Diego County Water Authority or an annual shortfall
would exist that amounts to $390,000 for 1996-97. These increases represent the Ready-to-
Serve charge to CMWD of $316,072 and the increase of $5.00 per acre foot to the cost of water.
The increase of $415 to the Water Connection Fee represents the New Demand Charge that
has been instituted by Metropolitan Water District. This connection fee must be increased to
offset the New Demand Charge or a shortfall will occur when the District increases its average
baseline imported water purchases.
L
A monthly Backflow Device Inspection Fee of $2.50 is currently charged to cover the costs of
administering the badmow connection program and the charge is made only to those customers
requiring a backflow device. The recommended fee increase to $3.00 will wver the
administration costs of maintaining records of the locations, tests and repairs on each backflow
device.
Reclaimed Water - A five percent discount for the commodity charge would result in a shortfall
of $52,000 based on reclaimed water sales of 1,400 acre feet. This shortfall is proposed to be
made up through a subsidy ofthe potable water rate. The effect on the potable water rate would
be $0.01 per unit of water and results in the proposed $1.70 per unit rate.
Wastewater - There is no fiscal impact to the wastewater enterprise fund as a result of the
recommendations in this rate study. The adjustments to the single family residential customer
and to the multi-family residential customer offset each other, therefore, total revenue remains
unchanged.
i-- ._ -
EXHIBITS:
1. Resolution No. 9 3 9 Setting Rates and Fees for Potable Water, Reclaimed Water and
Wastewater Services.
2. City Council Resolution No. 96- 177 setting Rates and Fees for Potable
Water, Reclaimed Water and Wastewater Services.
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RESOLUTION NO. 939
A RESOLUTION OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF
THE CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT SETTING
RATES FOR POTABLE WATER, RECLAIMED WATER
AND SEWER SERVICES
WHEREAS, the Metropolitan Water District (MWD) through the San Diego.
County Water Authority (CWA) has increased the wholesale cost of water and imposed
a new Ready-To-Serve charge to the Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD) to
help cover MWD's costs necessary to meet water reliability and quality needs; and
WHEREAS, retail water rates must be increased to cover the whclesale
increases and the Ready-ToServe charge to the CMWD from the Metropolitan Water
District cf an annual shorffall would exist for 1996-97; and
WHEREAS, the Metropolitan Water District through the San Diego County
Water Authority has instituted a New .Demand Charge to CMWD to help cover MWDs
capital improvement program costs; and
WHEREAS, the CWs Water Connection Fee must be increased by $415 per
connection to offset the New Demand Charge or a shoitfall will occur when the CMWD
increases its average baseline imported water purchases; and
WHEREAS, the Board recognizes the need to generate a larger portion of fixed
costs from a foced source of monthly water revenue to fund CMWD operations and
maintenance; and
WHEREAS, in April 1995 the CMWD embarked on a rate study to review various
issues related to water and wastewater fees and charges; and
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WHEREAS, a Citizens Review Committee was formed to assist staff in
addressing issues and impacts related to designing a new water and wastewater rate
structure; and
WHEREAS, the findings of the Committee were summarked in a report that was
presented to the Water Commission and Board of Directors in September 1995; and
WHEREAS, the Committee's report was used to produce the District's Water
and Wastewater Rate Study and Financial Plan; and
WHEREAS, the Water and Wastewater Rate Study and Financial Plan
formulated recommendations for revisions to CMWD's existing water and wastewater
rate structure and associated fees; and
WHEREAS, the Water and Wastewater Rate Study and Financial Plan was
reviewed and accepted by the Board at its meeting held on May 14,1995.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT HEREBY RESOLVED, by the Board of Directors of
the Carlsbad Municipal Water District, as follows:
1.
2.
That the above recitations are true and correct.
That the following revisions to water rates and fees shall become effective sixty
(60) days from the date of Board adoption of this Resolution:
a. Increase the monthly fee for administering the backtlow connection
program from $2.50 to $3.00 per baddlow connection account
Implement a five percent (5%) discounted commodity charge rate for
reclaimed water use with reclaimed water users bearing the costs of
retrofitting.
Revise the rate system for charging wastewater services for residential
multi-family units from the existing fixed rate to a water use-based ("flow
based') system and continue to charge single family homes a fixed
charge, all in accordance with the attached Exhibit 1 CWastewaler
Rates').
b.
c.
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3.
4.
d. Revise the potable water connections fees from an EDU basis to a meter
size basis as shown on the attached Exhibit 2 ('Potable and Reclaimed
Water Connection Fees'). These connection fees shall include MWDs
"New Demand Charge.'
e. Implement new reclaimed water connection fees in accordance with the
attached Exhibit 2 ('Potable and Reclaimed Water Connection Fees').
That the following revisions to water rates and fees shall become effective
January 1,1997:
a. Revise the monthly potable water delivery charges in accordance with the
attached Exhibit 3 ('Monthly Delivery Charges') which includes the
elimination of the fixed charge per dwelling unit on multi-family
residences.
Retain the existing potable water commodity rate as allocated on attached Exhibit 4 ('Allocation of Water Costs'), including a conservation rate for
all customer classifications, all in accordance with attached Exhibit 5
('Commodity Charges').
b.
That this Resolution shall become effective sixty (60) days after its adoption.
PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED at the regular meeting of the Board of
Directors of the Carlsbad Municipal WaterDistrid held on the 4'" day of June, 1996,
by the following vote, to wit
AYES:
NOES: None
ABSENT: Board Member Ffnnila A
Board Members Lewis, Nygaard, Kulchin, Hall
ABSTAIN: None
ATTEST:
ALETHA L. RAUTENKRANZ. Secretah
EXHIEIT 1
WASTEWATER RATES
User Category
Group I ResidentLI: Single Family Residence Multi-Family Residence (1) Mobile Home (1)
1 Group I1 Commercial 121
1 GrouD Ill Commercial 12)
Group VI Large Volume Use
Beckman Micro Oper I
Fiscal Year 1996-97 I
$15.00
$2.05 $15.00/$36.65
$2.05 $15.00636.65
$1.69 I $15.00 I Y
$2.22 I $15.00 I ii
53.51 I $15.00 I
(I) Mull-Family Residential wastewater tlow is 90 percent of metered water use.
(2) Non-Residential wastewater llow is 95 percent of metered water use.
(3) Schools - assumes a 2Way working yea< ADA - Avarag? Daily Attendance.
Note: * Denotes charge per student based on ADA.
.. EXHIBIT 2
POTABLE AND RECLAIMED WATER CONNECTION FEES
I 4" I $52,375 I $84,450 I $140,750 I II s,. I $98.750 I $175.938 I $281.500 I 11 ~~
8" $148,400 $253,350 $492,625 c-. - (1) Indudes 'New Demand Charge:' exdudes San Dego County WaterAulhorily Charge. As #a New Demand Charge increases every year, #a OonneCbbn fee needs to be revisedeuxdngly.
EXHIBIT 3
MONTHLY DELIVERY CHARGES
I 1-112" I $9.30 I $29.25
2" $25.70 $44.25
3" $30.60 $79.50
4" $37.65 $129.50
6" I $40.55 I $254.50 "
.- 8" $46.15 $404.50
!
,--. Multi-Family Unit $4.90 per unit Eliminated
(I) Includes a portion of the new Readyr-tO-Serve (RE) charge previous!y imposed by the Melropolitan Water Disbid in 1995-96.
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EXHIBIT 4
ALLOCATION OF WATER COSTS
I Commodity Charge per Unit I
Description of Costs Existing I Recommended
Metropolitan Water District IMWD) I $0.98 I $0.99 I
(1) Includes 16g per unit for depredaM. (2) Includes 16g per unit for depreciation and I#. for redaimed water.
c i
EXHIBIT 5
COMMODITY CHARGES
I Recommended
Meter Size Actual 1994-95 Rates ffj
Conservation
1-7 unitslmonth, Single Family $1.51 Block, per unit
518" 7
314" I 10
H I ~
16
1-112" 30
2" 45
3" 79 n 4" I I 123
6" 228
8 336
Conservation Rate $1.51 $1.52
Standard Water Rate $1.70 $1.70
I! Reclaimed Water Rate I $1.70 I $1.62
(f) includes the dher pottion of the previously imposed Ready To-Serve (RTS) charge, Um balance of
which is placed on the DisbWs Delivery Chaw.
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RESOLUTION NO. 96-197
A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF
CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA SETTING RATES FOR
POTABLE WATER, RECLAIMED WATER AND SEWER
SERVICES
WHEREAS, the Metropolitan Water District (MWD) through the San Diego
County Water Authority (CWA) has increased the wholesale cost of water and imposed
a new Ready-To-Serve charge to the Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CW) to
help cover MWDs costs necessary to meet water reliability and quality needs; and
WHEREAS, retail water rates must be increased to cover the wholesale
increases and the Ready-To-Serve charge to the CMWD from the Metropolitan Water
District or an annual shortfall would exist for 1996-97; and
WHEREAS, the Metropolitan Water District through the San Diego County
Water Authority has instituted a New Demand Charge to CMWD to help cover MWDs
capital improvement program costs; and
WHEREAS, the CWs Water Connection Fee must be increased by $415 per
connection to offset the New Demand Charge or a shortfall will occur when the CMWD
increases its average baseline imported water purchases; and
WHEREAS, the City Council recognizes the need to generate a larger portion of
fixed costs from a fixed source of monthly water revenue to fund CMWD operations and
maintenance; and
WHEREAS, in April 1995 the CMWD embarked on a rate study to review
various issues related to water and wastewater fees and charges; and
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WHEREAS, a Citizens Review Committee was formed to assist staff in I
addressing issues and impacts related to designing a new water and wastewater rate
structure; and
WHEREAS, the findings of the Committee were summarized in a report that was
presented to the Water Commission and Board of Directors in September 1995; and
WHEREAS, the Committee's report was used to produce the District's Water
and Wastewater Rate Study and Financial Plan; and
WHEREAS, the Water and Wastewater Rate Study and Financial Plan
formulated recommendations for revisions to CMWD's existing wdter and wastewater
rate structure and associated fees; and
WHEREAS, the Water and Wastewater Rate Study and Financial Plan was
reviewed and accepted by the Board at its meeting held on May 14, 1995.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT HEREBY RESOLVED, by the City Council of the
City of Carlsbad, as follows:
1.
2.
That the above recitations are true and correct
That the following revisions to water rates and fees shall become effective sixty
(60) days from the date of City Council adoption of this Resolution:
a. Increase the monthly fee for administering the backflow connection
program from $2.50 to $3.00 per backflow connectian account
Implement a five percent (5%) discounted commodity charge rate for
reclaimed water use with reclaimed water users bearing the costs of
retrofitting.
Revise the rate system for charging wastewater services for residential
multi-family units from the existing fwed rate to a water use-based ("flow I
based') system and continue to charge single family homes a fixed
charge, all in accordance with the attached Exhibit 1 ('Wastewater i
Rates').
b.
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3.
4.
d. Revise the potable water connections fees from an EDU basis to a meter
size basis as shown on the attached Exhibit 2 (‘Potable and Reclaimed
Water Connection Fees’). These connection fees shall include MWD’s
“New Demand Charge.’
Implement new reclaimed water connection fees in accordance with the
attached Exhibit 2 (‘Potable and Reclaimed Water Connection Fees’).
e.
That the following revisions to water rates and fees shall become effective
January 1,1997:
a. Revise the monthly potable water delivery charges in accordance with the
attached Exhibit 3 (‘Monthly Delivery Charges’) which includes the
elimination of the fured charge per dwelling unit on multi-family
residences.
Retain the existing potable water commodity rate as allocated on attached
Exhibit 4 (“Allocation of Water Costs’), including a conservation rate for
all customer classifications, all in accordance with attached Exhibit 5
(‘Commodity Charges’).
b.
That this Resolution shall become effective sixty (60) days der its adoption.
PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED at the regular meeting of the City of
Council of the City d Carlsbad held orl 4th day of JUNE 1996,
by the following vote, to wit
AYES:
NOES: None
Council Members Lewis, Nygaard, Kulchin. Hall
ABSENT: Council Membe
ABSTAIN: None
ATTEST:
..
ALETHA L. RAUTENKRANZ. City Clerk
EXHIBIT 1
I
,-- WASTEWATER RATES
I Fiscal Year 1996-97 1
User Category I MinJMax. I unncost Monthlv I Uniform
Junior
50.65. $3.23’
Hoh
Boarding
Group VI Large Volume Users
Beckman Micro Oper I Culligan
$1 5.00 $4.60
$1.31
(I) MultcFamily Reskkntial wastewater mw is 90 percent of metered water use.
(2) Non-ReskkntiaI wastewater llow is 95 Hrcent of mateed water use.
(3) Schools - assumes a 2-y wor&hgyeq ADA -Average Daw Attarhlanm.
Nota: Denotes chap per sludwrz based on ADA.
EXHIBIT 2
POTABLE AND RECLAIMED WATER CONNECTION FEES
Recommended Fees (1)
(1) lndudes 'New Demand Chargs:' exd&s Sen Cow WatefAmYmr#y charg8. As Ihe New
Demand Charge imases every year, the connedion fee needs to be revised accordngly.
EXHIBIT 3
MONTHLY DELIVERY CHARGES
(I) ktcludes a ponh of the new Ready+Sewe (RTS) charge previously nmposed by ae UebvpMan Water DisM in 1995%.
.. , EXHIBIT 4
ALLOCATION OF WATER COSTS
Commodity Charge per Unit
I I
I Metropolitan Water District (MWDI I $0.98 I $0.99 I
(I) hcludes 16# per unit for depreciation. (2) Includes 16# per unit for &preciaM and l#. for redaimed water.
EXHIBIT 5
COMMODITY CHARGES
34" I I 10
U 1" I I 16
1-112" 30
2" 45
3" 79
II 4" I I 23
6" 228
8" 336 .- <-
Conservation Rate $1.51 $1.52
Standard Water Rate $1.70 $1.70 I Reclaimed Water Rate $1.70 I $1.62
(I) includes the other portion of the previously imposed Ready-To-Sewe (RTS) charge, the balance of
whi& is placed on Ihe Disbids Delivery Charge.
lune 4, 1996 CITY COUNCIL Page 4
PRESENTATION: -
At this time David Bradstreet, Community Services Director, presented a Certificate of Appreciation to Courtney Heineman for his service on the Parks and Recreation
Commission.
&fUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT:
Council adjourned to the Municipal Water District at 6:25 p.m.. and re-convened at
6:26 pm.. for a Joint CMWD Board and City Council Meeting, with four Members
present and Council Member Finnila absent.
JOINT C MWD BOARD AND CITY COU NCIL MEETING:
PUBLIC HEARING:
2. AB #324 - SETTING RATES AND FEES FOR POTABLE WATEk
RECLA IMED WATER AND WASTE WATER SER VI=.
Mayor Lewis opened the duly noticed Public Hearing at 6:50 p.m. and issued
the invitation to speak.
Lydia Tan, 6421 Tobria Terrace, stated the Bridge employees appreciated the
Council's concern at the death of Don Turner in April. She stated Mr. Turner
was proud of the Villa Loma project. since this provided 344 hard-working
families with a decent, safe place to live in the community where they work.
She stated that Villa Loma proved that affordable housing can be built in a
quality way and be accepted by the community; especially Carlsbad. where
standards are high. She said that one of the issues still outstanding was the
postponement of the water connection fees in anticipation of the change in
rates. Ms. Tan said that of the 344 families, all but eight live there. and they
are waiting for the water fee structure to change. She said they would like to
get those last eight families into their units.
Ms. Tan stated she was asking two things; one. to resolve the water issue as
quickly as possible and two, to support staff's proposal.
Since no on6 else wished to speak on this matter, Mayor Lewis closed the
Public Hearing st 654 p.m.
, The CouncillCMWD Board discussed the proposed new wastewater fee for second dwelling units ('granny flats"). They noted there were a few that were
legally built and several that were existing without permits.
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J June 4. 1996 CITY COUNCIL Page 5
,-- PUBLIC HEARING: (Continued)
ACTION: On motion by Mayor Lewis, Council amended
PESOLUTION NO . 96-197 , by deleting Section 2.d..
which eliminated the proposal to implement a new
wastewater fee for second dwelling units ("granny flats").
Lewis, Nygaard. Kulchin and Hall
On motion by Mayor Pro Tem Nygaard. Council adopted
JtESOLUTIOff NO. 96-197. setting rates for potable water, reclaimed water and sewer services, as amended by the deletion of Section 2.d.
Lewis, Nygaard. Kulchin and Hall
AYES:
ACTION:
AYES:
ADJO URNMENT OF CITY COU NCIL AND CONTINUATION OF MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT M EETING.
Council adjourned to the Municipal Water District at 659 pm., and re-convened at
7:Ol pm., with four Members present and Council Member Finnila absent.
RECESS:
Mayor Lewis declared a recess at 7:Ol p.m.. and Council re-convened at 7: 11 p.m..
with four Members present and Council Member Finnila absent.
DEPARTMENTAL AND CITY MANAGER REPORTS:
11.
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AB #13.679 - 1996-97 OPERATI NO BUDGET.
Council received the staff report and presentation on the proposed 1996-97 Operating Budget and received Issue Statements on the following items:
Legislative Advocate
Public Information Officer Additional Jazz Concert
Gym Attendants - Stagecoach and Calavera Community Centers Upgraded Median Maintenance - Village Area and Key Areas Feasibility Study for Proposed Trolley Service Within the Village
Conference Travel for the Water Board Redevelopment Area