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HomeMy WebLinkAbout; Reclaimed Water; Master Plan Updates; 1997-10-01r Carlsbad Municipal Water District Master Plan Updates VOLUME IV RECLAIMED WATER October 1997 . . CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT MASTERPLANUPDATES VOLUME IV RECLAIMED WATER TABLE OF CONTENTS Page No. CHAPTER 1 . RECLAIMED WATER ............................................... 1-1 1.1 Introduction ............................................................. 1-1 1.2 Past Master Plans ........................................................ 1-1 1.3 Existing Reclamation Program .............................................. 1-2 1.4 Purposeand Scope ....................................................... 1-2 CHAPTER 2 . SUMMARY AND RECOMMENDATIONS ............................... 2-1 2.1 Phase1 Program ......................................................... 2-1 2.2 Future Demands ......................................................... 2-1 2.3 Future Sources of Reclaimed Water ......................................... 2-1 2.4 Alternative Development ................................................... 2-2 2.5 Analysis Factors ......................................................... 2-2 2.6 CostAnalysis ............................................................ 2-5 2.7 Conclusions and Recommendations ......................................... 2-5 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 CHAPTER 3 . EXISTING RECLAMATION PROGRAM ................................ 3-1 Paststudies ............................................................ 3-1 City of Carlsbad Water Reclamation Master Plan (1) ............................. 3-1 North County Water Reclamation Project . Phase II Master Plan (2) ................ 3-1 District Ordinance ........................................................ 3-4 Phase1 Project .......................................................... 3-4 Source of Reclaimed Water ................................................ 3-5 Conveyance ............................................................. 3-5 Distribution .............................................................. 3-7 Existing Users ........................................................... 3-7 Historical Use ........................................................... 3-7 Seasonal Usage ......................................................... 3-9 LaCostaResortandSpa .................................................. 3-9 Encina CALTRANS Irrigation .............................................. 3-12 Phase I Costs .......................................................... 3-12 Project Costs ........................................................... 3-14 Annual Costs ........................................................... 3-14 Sourcesof Funds ....................................................... 3-15 . I . CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT MASTERPLANUPDATES VOLUME IV RECLAIMED WATER TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) CHAPTER 4 . REGULATORY REQUIREMENTS ..................................... 4-1 4.1 Introduction ............................................................. 4-1 State Department of Health Services (DHS) ................................... 4-1 San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) ...................... 4-5 Specific Waste Discharge Permit Requirements ............................... 4-14 California Coastal Commission and Local Coastal Program ...................... 4-17 4.2 State Requirements ....................................................... 4-1 Title 22 Requirements ..................................................... 4-1 4.3 Local Institutions and Requirements ........................................ 4-17 San Diego County ....................................................... 4-18 REQUIREMENTS ........................................................ 5-1 5.1 Introduction ............................................................. 5-1 5.2 Effluent Quality .......................................................... 5-1 Gafner WRP Historical Effluent Quality Data ................................... 5-1 Meadowlark WRP Historical Quality Data ..................................... 5-2 Effluent Quality Requirements per RWQCB ................................... 5-3 Comparison of Effluent Quality to RWQCB Requirements ........................ 5-4 Gafner WRP Comparison .................................................. 5-4 Gafner WRP vs . Waste Discharge Permit Requirements ......................... 5-4 Meadowlark WRP Comparison .............................................. 5-5 Meadowlark WRP vs . Waste Discharge Permit Requirements ..................... 5-5 Meadowlark WRP vs . RWQCB Groundwater Objectives .......................... 5-5 Encina Effluent Quality .................................................... 5-6 TDS Variation ........................................................... 5-7 Use-Related Quality Limitations ............................................. 5-9 Salinity ................................................................ 5-11 Percent Sodium, Sodium Adsorption Ratio and Adjusted Sodium Adsorption Ratio ... 5-12 Permeability ............................................................ 5-13 Specific Ion Toxicities .................................................... 5-14 Sodium ................................................................ 5-14 Chloride ............................................................... 5-14 Boron ................................................................. 5-15 Bicarbonate ............................................................ 5-15 Nitrogen ............................................................... 5-15 Other Criteria ........................................................... 5-16 Comparison of Existing Effluent with Recommended Irrigation Parameters .......... 5-17 Gafner WRP Effluent vs . Recommended Irrigation Criteria ....................... 5-17 Meadowlark WRP Effluent vs . Recommended Irrigation Criteria ................... 5-18 Ecological Enhancement Water Quality Criteria ................................ 5-19 CHAPTER 5 - RECLAIMED WATER QUALITY CRITERIA AND TREATMENT 5.3 .. Industrial Water Quality Criteria ............................................ 5-19 . . ii . CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT MASTERPLANUPDATES VOLUME IV RECLAIMED WATER TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) 6.1 Introduction ............................................................. 6-1 6.2 Past Market Studies ...................................................... 6-1 6.3 Review of Past Markets .................................................... 6-2 6.4 Phase II Potential Markets ................................................. 6-2 Potential Users .......................................................... 6-2 Potential Market Size ..................................................... 6-2 CHAPTER 6 . PHASE II MARKET DEVELOPMENT .................................. 6-1 CHAPTER 7 . RECLAIMED WATER SOURCES ..................................... 7-1 7.1 7.2 7.3 7.4 7.5 7.6 . 7.7 7.8 7.9 7.10 ~~~ ~ ~ Existing Reclamation Plants ................................................ 7-1 Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant ........................................ 7-1 Shadowridge Water Reclamation Plant ....................................... 7-2 Gafner Water Reclamation Plant ............................................ 7-2 Failsafe Lines ........................................................... 7-2 Encina Water Pollution Control Facility ........................................ 7-3 Description .............................................................. 7-3 Treatmentcapacity ....................................................... 7-3 Solids Handling Capacity .................................................. 7-3 Additional Property ....................................................... 7-4 Designcriteria ........................................................... 7-4 Storage ................................................................ 7-4 Mahr Reservoir .......................................................... 7-4 Lake Calavera ........................................................... 7-4 SantaFeI .............................................................. 7-5 CReservoir ............................................................. 7-5 County Water Authority .................................................... 7-5 Groundwater ........................................................... 7-6 .. . Chapter 8 . ALTERNATIVE ANALYSIS ............................................ 8-1 8.1 Phasell Goals ........................................................... 8-1 8.2 Conceptual Reclaimed Water Sources ........................................ 8-1 8.3 Seasonal Storage Reservoirs ............................................... 8-2 8.4 Diurnal Storage Reservoirs ................................................. 8-2 8.5 Meadowlark Water Reclamation ............................................. 8-2 Meadowlark Expansion .................................................... 8-3 Wastewater Pumping ..................................................... 8-3 8.6 Gafner Water Reclamation Plant ............................................ 8-5 8.7 Shawdowridge Water Reclamation Plant ...................................... 8-5 8.8 Proposed Encina Water Reclamation Plan ..................................... 8-6 8.9 Process Description ...................................................... 8-6 8.1 0 Potential Demands ....................................................... 8-7 8.1 1 Quality Requirements ..................................................... 8-7 8.1 2 Alternative Development Criteria ............................................ 8-9 8.1 3 Alternative Description .................................................... 8-9 Alternative No . 1 ........................................................ 8-10 SY332AOO\VOL4TOC. RPT iii . CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT MASTERPLANUPDATES VOLUME IV RECLAIMED WATER TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Alternative No . 2 ........................................................ 8-11 Alternative No . 3 ........................................................ 8-11 Alternative No . 4 ........................................................ 8-12 Alternative No . 5 ........................................................ 8-15 Alternative No . 6 ........................................................ 8-16 Alternative No . 7 ........................................................ 8-18 Alternative No . 8 ........................................................ 8-18 Alternative No . 9 ........................................................ 8-18 Alternative No . 10 ....................................................... 8-18 8.14 Alternative Analysis ..................................................... 8-19 BasisofCosts .......................................................... 8-19 Cost Comparison ........................................................ 8-19 Purchase of Raw Imported Water ........................................... 8-24 Recommended Alternative ................................................ 8-30 Comparison of Alternatives ................................................ 8-25 LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS APPENDIX A - PROPOSED WASTEWATER RECLAMATION CRITERIA STATE OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES APPENDIX B - STATE WATER CODE APPENDIX C . APPENDIX D . EXISTING WATER RECLAMATION FOR LEUCADIA COUNTY WATER WATER QUALITY CRITERIA DISTRICT, VALLECITOS WATER DISTRICT APPENDIX E . EXISTING WATER RECLAMATION PLANT DESIGN CRITERIA AND PROCESS SCHEMATICS LIST OF REFERENCES LIST OF TABLES . 2.1 2.2 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 Reclamation Alternatives .................................................. 2-4 Reclaimed Cost Comparison ............................................... 2-6 Existing Water Reclamation Reports and Studies ............................... 3-2 Phase I Users Identified in Application for Encina Basin Project .................... 3-5 Existing Users ........................................................... 3-8 Historical Reclaimed Water Use ............................................ 3-9 Purchases from Gafner WRP .............................................. 3-13 Phase I Project Costs .................................................... 3-14 CosVRevenue Summary .................................................. 3-16 S1433UW\VOL4TOC. RPT iv . CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT MASTERPLANUPDATES VOLUME IV RECLAIMED WATER TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Title 22 Reclamation Requirements Required Degree of Treatment for Reclaimed Water .................................................................. 4-2 Title 22 Reclaimed Water Quality Requirements for Unrestricted Recreational Use .... 4-3 Proposed Wastewater Reclamation Criteria for Disinfected Tertiary Reclaimed Water .................................................................. 4-5 Basin Plan Groundwater Quality Objectives. Watersheds within the CMWD Study Area ............................................................. 4-10 Waste Discharge Permit Requirements for Gafner and Meadowlark WRPs .......... 4-15 Forest R . Gafner Water Reclamation Plant. Historical Quality Compliance Data ....... 5-1 Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant. Historical Quality Compliance Data ........... 5-2 Meadowlark and Gafner Reclamation. Discharge Permit Requirements .............. 5-3 Comparison of Gafner Data to Permit Requirements ............................. 5-4 Comparison of Gafner WRP Data to RWQCB Water Quality Objectives ............. 5-5 Comparison of Meadowlark WRP Data with WDR Permit Requirements ............. 5-5 Comparison of Meadowlark WRP Data with RWQCB Groundwater Objectives ........ 5-6 EWPCF Annual Average TDS Values (mg/L) .................................. 5-7 Guidelines for Irrigation With Reclaimed Water ................................. 5-9 Salinity. Boron. and Chloride. Nitrogen. and SAR Tolerance Levels for Major San Diego Crops ................................................................. 5-10 McKee and Wolf Classification of Irrigation Waters ............................. 5-12 Guidelines for Trace Elements in Irrigation Water .............................. 5-16 Comparison of Gafner WRP with Recommended Irrigation Criteria ................ 5-17 Comparison of Meadowlark WRP with Recommended Irrigation Criteria ............ 5-18 Existing and Ultimate Reclaimed Water Users .................................. 6-4 Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant, Expansion Design Loadings ................ 8-3 Effluent Available From Shadowridge ......................................... 8-5 Reclamation Alternatives .................................................. 8-9 Reclaimed Water Cost Analysis Model - with Demineralization and Maximum MWD Rebate ........................................................... 8-23 Comparison of Demineralization and Imported Raw Water Alternatives ............. 8-24 Reclaimed Water Cost Analysis Model - without Demineralization and Maximum MWD Rebate ................................................................ 8-25 Reclaimed Water Cost Analysis Model - with Demineralization and Limited MWD Rebate ........................................................... 8-27 Reclaimed Water Cost Analysis Model - without Demineralization and Limited MWD Rebate ........................................................... 8-29 LIST OF FIGURES Recommended Reclaimed Water Facilities and Distribution System (Alternative No . 9) ........................................................ 2-7 Reclaimed Water Distribution System ........................................ 3-6 Percent Annual Demand Variance .......................................... 3-10 Average Annual Demand Variance .......................................... 3-11 Encina Wastewater TDS Variation ........................................... 5-8 . . 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5 5.1 5.2 5.3 5.4 5.5 5.6 5.7 5.8 5.9 5.10 5.1 1 5.12 5.13 5.14 6.1 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 0.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 2.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 5.1 V 6.1 8.1 8.2 8.3 8.4 8.5 8.6 8.7 8.8 CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT MASTERPLANUPDATES VOLUME IV RECLAIMED WATER TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) Existing and Ultimate Reclaimed Water Users .................................. 6-3 Master Plan Update Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant Site Plan ................ 8-4 Carlsbad Municipal Water District Master Plan Update Encina Water Reclamation Plant Flow Schematic ..................................................... 8-8 Alternative No. 3 Reclaimed Water Facilities and Distribution System .............. 8-13 Alternative No. 4 Reclaimed Water Facilities and Distribution System .............. 8-14 Alternative No. 5 Reclaimed Water Facilities and Distribution System .............. 8-1 7 Alternative No. 6 Reclaimed Water Facilities and Distribution System .............. 8-21 Alternative No. 7 Reclaimed Water Facilities and Distribution System .............. 8-22 Recommended Reclaimed Water Facilities and Distribution System (Alternative No. 9) ....................................................... 8-31 L vi CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT MASTERPLANUPDATES LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS ADD ac AC AF cfs CIP CMWD CWA DU EWPCF fPS GIs gpm HGL HWL MD MDD - MG mgd msl1 MWD No. PH PRVIPSV PSV Psi PVC R.O. RTV SANDAG SDCWA SCADA TAP VFD WD WRP Average Day Demand acre Asbestos cement Acre foot cubic feet per second Capital Improvement Program Carisbad Municipal Water District County Water Authority Dwelling Unit Encina Water Pollution Control Facility feet per second Geographic Information System gallons per minute Hydraulic Grade Line High Water Level (maximum water surface elevation In storage tanks) Maximum Day Maximum Day Demand Million Gallons million gallons per day milllgrams per liter Metropolitan Water District of Southern California Number Peak Hour Combination PRV and PSV Pressure Sustaining Valve pounds per square inch Polyvinyl Chloride Reverse Osmosis Remote Tennlnal Unit San Diego Association of Governments San Diego County Water Authority Supervisor Control and Data Acquisition Tri-Agency Pipeline Variable Frequency Drives Water District Water Reclamation Plant L The Carlsbad Municipal Water District provides water, reclaimed water, and sewer service within the City of Carlsbad, located in Coastal, north San Diego County. The District covers most of the City's boundary, with other special districts providing services at the southeast corner of the City. The District is a political subdivision of the City of Carlsbad. The Mayor and City Council are the District's governing board. District management and engineering operates as a City Department. One of the main differences is that the District operates under the Municipal Water District Act of 191 1. The District has a General Manager and District Engineer position. The District last updated the water, reclaimed water, and sewer master plans about 1990. These master plans assumed that only imported water would be used to meet the District's water supply requirements. The City also adopted a new General Plan in 1994. This included land use and population projections. The projections differ somewhat from the previous City master plan. Based on the above, the District began updating their master plans in June, 1996. Carollo Engineers with ASL Consulting Engineers, Inc. were retained to do this work. Morris Water Resources Consultants, as a Subconsultant to Carollo, had the primary responsibility to prepare a water resources over-view. This element is to look at the potential for developing local water resources, including seawater desalination. Five master plan volumes have been prepared as follows: Volume Element I II Environmental Setting Water Resources Potential 111 Water System IV Reclaimed Water V Sewer This is Volume IV of the master plan updates. 1-1 Reclaimed water refers to wastewater that has been highly treated to meet the requirements of Title 22 of the California Administrative Code. Treatment processes include secondary, filtration, and disinfection. More recently, there has been a trend to refer to this water as 'recycled" water. This term will likely be the accepted definition in the future. For this report, the terms reclamation and reclaimed water will continue to be used. The Carlsbad Municipal Water District has implemented Phase I of their water reclamation program. Its goal was to economically utilize existing reclaimed water sources, pipelines, and reservoirs. The sources of water include the 2.0 million gallon per day (mgd) Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant owned by the Vallecitos Water District and the 0.75 mgd Gafner Water Reclamation Plant owned by the Leucadia County Water District. The effluent is used through agreements between the District and these special districts. In 1995, over 1,100 acre-feet of reclaimed water was applied. In 1996, peak month demands exceeded the supply, and the reclaimed water was supplemented with potable water. Funding for Phase I include a loan from the State Revolving Loan Fund. The monies were used for improvements at the Meadowlark plant, a reclaimed water pump station, and additional distribution pipelines. The District currently receives rebates from the San Diego County Water Authority and the Metropolitan Water District. The rebate is based on the amount of reclaimed water delivered times a set rate. The purpose of this update is to define the Phase II program. This includes an update of potential reclaimed water users, identification of sources such as the effluent from the Encina Wastewater Pollution Control Facility, development of distribution and treatment alternatives, cost evaluations, and development of a recommended phasing program. The detailed scope of work is included in Appendix A, Volume 1. 1-2 .- 2.1 ' Phase I Program I In 1990, the District completed its first reclaimed water master plan. The report recommended a Phase I project that would deliver 2,354 acre-feet (AF) per year with an ultimate potential demand of 11,480 AF. The District has fully implemented Phase I. In 1996, a total of 1,418 AF was delivered to reclaimed water users. The users include the La Costa Resort and Spa, the Aviara Resort, landscape irrigation within the Aviara development, and other users generally in the southern portion of the City. The sources of reclaimed water include the 2.25 million gallon per day (mgd) Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant and the 0.75 mgd Gafner Water Reclamation Plant. The Meadowlark plant can deliver 2.00 mgd of reclaimed water for a total output of 2.75 mgd. These facilities are owned and operated by the Vallecitos Water District and the Leucadia County Water District, respectively. The water is purveyed by the Carlsbad Municipal Water District through inter-agency agreements. Because of seasonal demand variations, the maximum annual application of reclaimed water is limited to about 1,500 AF using existing sources. The Phase I facilities were financed with State Revolving Loan Program funds. The loan repayment is about $160,000 per year. The reclaimed water is sold at 95 percent of the potable water rate, or about $703 per AF. The existing Phase I program costs are less than the revenues received, providing for future expansion and replacement. There are approximately 200 existing and potential users of reclaimed water within the City. These include golf courses, parks, schools, CALTRANS, median irrigation, flower fields, Legoland, and other landscape irrigation. The potential demand is over 11 ,OOO AF per year with a peak month demand of 20 mgd. This demand generally agrees with the potential identified in the 1990 master plan. For development of all reclaimed water demands, an additional 18.25 mgd of reclaimed water capacity is needed. Potential facilities include: 0 Expansion of the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant up to 4 mgd. The facility was master-planned for expansions up to 5 mgd. The 4 mgd limit would result in process loadings similar to existing. 2-1 0 Construction of a new Encina Water Reclamation Plant. This would be located on the property south of the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility (EWPCF). The Encina Wastewater Authority purchased a 32 acre parcel adjacent to the EWPCF for this and other potential uses. Use of seasonal storage to meet peak month demands in July, August, and September. By using stored water, the existing treatment capacity can be stretched to irrigate more acres. The reservoirs would be filled during the early spring months when the demands are less. The existing Mahr Reservoir owned by the Vallecitos Water District and Lake Calavera could be used for this purpose. 0 Eight alternatives were developed. They are summarized on Table 2.1. The alternatives would provide for different sized, ultimate programs based on expanding existing facilities. The alternatives range in size from 2,000 to 11,020 AF per year. Alternatives Nos. 1 through 4 are based on expanding the Meadowlark plant by either 1 or 2 mgd and either using seasonal storage or not. Alternative 5 would consist of the existing plants and a new Encina plant at 17.25 mgd. Alternative 6 would use seasonal storage to reduce the size of the new Encina plant to 15 mgd. Alternative 7 is based on a smaller market. The northwest area of the City would not be included. Alternative 8 is similar to 7 but with an expansion of the Meadowlark plant to 4 mgd. Alternatives 9 and 10 assume different markets and project size. There are two factors that affect the alternative cost as well as overall net revenue. The first is the total dissolved solids (TDS) content in the wastewater. The TDS should be at or below 1,000 milligrams per liter (mg/L) for continued irrigation of turf and ornamentals. The TDS in the EWPCF effluent averages about 1,150 mg/L. This concentration has increased from about 1,000 milligrams over the past 10 years. One reason is the discharge from certain industries with very high TDS concentrations. These industries have been identified through the Encina source control program. They have entered into enforcement compliance schedules to decrease the TDS concentration in their effluent to a maximum of 1,500 mg/L. When this is accomplished, the overall TDS concentration is expected to decrease close to the 1.000 mg/L goal. The Metropolitan Water District (MWD) will complete a salinity management study in 1997. The study will focus on managing the mineral quality of the water delivered to all customers. If implemented, the potable water quality should also result in lower wastewater TDS levels due to lower initial TDS and less use of water softeners. The alternatives have been analyzed under two TDS control scenarios. The first would include demineralization of the EWPCF effluent. The analysis has assumed that this would be accomplished by reverse osmosis. The resultant effluent TDS concentration would be 1,000 mg/L. The other alternative would be to blend imported water with a lower TDS concentration (approximately S14333UMI\VOL4CHZ.R.T 2-2 600 mg/L) with the reclaimed water. This would eliminate the need for the capital and operating cost of the reverse osmosis system. S1u32Aoo\ VOC4CHP.RPl 2-3 L 7. 8. 9. Treatment I 1. Market Market Supply Treatment I 2. Gafner Meadowlark EncinaWRP Lake Calavera and Mahr Seasonal Storage Gafner Meadowlark EncinaWRP Lake Calavera and Mahr Seasonal Storage Gafner Meadowlark EncinaWRP 3. Treatment 0.75 3.00 13.5 2.3 0.75 4.00 11.50 2.30 0.75 3.00 4.25 4. Treatment Galner Meadowlark Mahr Seasonal Storage I 0.75 5.65 2,860 4.00 0.90 5. Market lo. I 0.75 I 3.75 I 2,000 I 3.00 Gafner Meadowlark 0.75 I 4.75 I 2,520 I 4.00 Gafner Meadowlark Gafner 0.75 5.90 3,160 Meadowlark 3.00 Lake Calavera and 2.15 Mahr Seasonal Storage Gafner 0.75 7.05 3.780 0 Meadowlark 4.00 Lake Calavera and 2.30 Mahr Seasonal Storage Gafner 0.75 20.00 11,020 Meadowlark 2.00 Encina 17.25 20.00 19.50 18.50 8.00 11,020 9,780 9,780 4.480 2-4 _- The second factor is available funding. The reclaimed water costs are currently off-set by rebates from MWD through their Local Resources Program. The District has entered a long-term contract with MWD for the Phase I program. The program will pay the difference between the cost of treated water from MWD's Skinner Filtration Plant and the District's total cost of reclaimed water up to $250 per AF. The contract covers 1,500 AF, and it is assumed that the program will extend to the Phase II program. The rebate is important to make reclaimed water viable. 2.6 WAnelyaris The cost of the alternatives is compared in Table 2.2. This table gives the capital cost, annual operating cost, equivalent water cost in dollars per acre foot, and estimated net revenue and cost to the District. All costs are reported at a December 1996 level. Capital costs include an allowance of 37.5 percent for engineering, administration, contingencies, and other project costs. From review of Table 2.2, the following conclusions can be drawn: The alternatives using the existing infrastructure at the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant, the Gafner Water Reclamation Plant, and the Lake Calavera and Mahr Reservoirs would result in the greatest net revenue to the District. However, the District may choose to implement one of the Alternatives Nos. 5 through 9 as part of an overall, water resources strategy. It appears that blending with potable is more cost effective than demineralization. However, the net revenue to the District is greater with demineralization due to the MWD rebate. Further, if the significant TDS dischargers meet the 1,500 mg/L limit, the need for demineralization may be delayed or eliminated. The MWD rebates are needed to economically justify Alternatives Nos. 5 through 8. The MWD justifies the rebate based on the avoidance of developing other sources and the pumping cost of State Project Water. It is not cost-effective to serve the smaller units in the northern section of the City. For an Encina Water Reclamation Plant, Alternative No. 9 is the best apparent alternative. It is recommended that the Carlsbad Municipal Water District consider implementation of Alternative No. 9 as Phase II. This would consist of the following elements: 0 Construction of a new 4.25 mgd water reclamation plant on the parcel south of the EWPCF. Expansion of the Meadowlark WRP by an additional 1 .O mgd. Conversion of the existing Mahr and Lake Calavera Reservoirs for seasonal storage. Conversion of the Santa Fe I reservoir into diurnal storage. 2-5 District Revenue 455 468 303 73 (2,997) (2.567) (2.085) (2.292) MWO Rebate I With Potable Dilution Water I (580) 429 The major elements of this program are shown on Figure 2.1. The program would provide for an annual resource of 4,480 AF. This would represent an increase of just over 3,000 AF as compared to 1996 deliveries. This could represent 16 percent of the District's total projected water demands for the year 2015. The estimated capital cost for this alternative is $24,229,000. This is reported at a December 1996 cost level and includes 37.5 percent for engineering, administration, legal, and contingencies. Considering existing and future costs, the unit cost of reclaimed water is $917 per AF. This amount is expected to be reduced by $250 through the Metropolitan Water Districts (MWWD) Local Projects Program. The net cost of $667 per AF would provide expected annual revenues of $165,000 to the District. 2-6 The Carlsbad Municipal Water District has implemented two reclaimed water projects over the past 5 years. They include the Encina Basin Project-Phase I and irrigation of the La Costa Spa and Resort. The first project was developed through loans from the State revolving fund loan program. For the La Costa Spa and Resort, the Leucadia County Water District added tertiary treatment to their Gafner Water Reclamation Plant. The water district purchases this water and it is used on the south course at La Costa. Since 1978, there have been 22 reclamation studies that have included the City of Carlsbad and adjacent agencies within the study area. These studies have identified markets for the reclaimed water as well as planning for treatment and distribution facilities. They are listed in Table 3.1. The last two major planning efforts are described below. City of Carlsbad Water Reclamation Master Plan (1) This plan was prepared jointly for the City, the Municipal Water District, and the San Diego County Water Authority. The report was completed in August 1990. The City of Carlsbad was the study area. The study included a market survey and analysis of treatment and distribution systems. The report recommended a Phase I project that would deliver 2,354 acre-feet (AF) per year with an ultimate project delivering 11,480 AF per year in the year 201 2. The source of Phase I water would be a combination of Meadowlark and Gafner Water Reclamation Plants. A water reclamation plant near the Encina Water pollution Control Facility would be constructed to provide for the subsequent phases. Storage would be provided in the Mahr Reservoir as well as new reservoirs. North County Water Reclamation Project - Phase II Master Plan (2) The Leucadia County Water District completed study in April 1997. The study area was the entire Encina Basin as defined within the Basin Plan. It includes several water and sewering agencies as listed below: Water Aaencies Sewerina Aaencies Carlsbad Municipal Water District Vallecitos Water District Olivenhain Municipal Water District San Dieguito Water District City of Carlsbad Vallecitos Water District Leucadia County Water District City of Encinitas 3-1 _- The District cost could be reduced by: 1) Improvements in the total dissolved solids (TDS) content in the EWPCF secondary effluent.’ By enforcement of source control standards the TDS could be reduced to a value just over 1,000 milligrams per liter. This could eliminate the need for reverse osmosis. This could reduce the capital cost by an estimated $4 million. 2) Sharing of reservoir volume with the EWPCF for outfall equalization. This is described in a report titled “Joint Use of South Parcel”, April 1997 prepared for the Encina Wastewater Authority. Reservoir Volume would be utilized in the winter for equalization of peak wet weather flows. This would be an alternative to constructing a new ocean outfall. Part of the same volume would be used for the reclamation plant in the summer for diurnal storage. This could reduce District costs by a much as $1,765,000. Other recommendations include: 1) Secure long-term commitments for the MWD’s Local Projects Program. This is an important element in the financial viability of the Phase II Project. 2) Set aside 15 acres of the 32 acre parcel south of the EWPCF for reclaimed water. 3) Consider Alternative No. 7 as the ultimate, Phase 111 program. 2-8 . Overview of Wastewater Reclamation Opportunities, I Lowry & Associates Preliminary Design Report, Reactivation of Existing LCWD Reclamation System, Engineering Science, Inc. City of Carlsbad Wastewater Reclamation Master Plan Study, Lowry & Associates Environmental Impact Report for the City of Carlsbad Wastewater Reclamation Master Plan, RECON Environmental Impact and Facilities Plan for a Satellite Sewage Treatment Facility Proposed Revision Basin Plan Objectives, Carlsbad Hydrographic Subarea, I Luke-Dudek Civil Engineers Proposed Revision Basin Plan Objectives, Carlsbad A Portion of the Agua Hedionda Hydrographic Subarea, Luke-Dudek Civil Engineers Preliminary Design Report, Forest R. Gafner Reclamation Plant-A WT Facilities, Engineering-Science, Inc. San Marcos County Water District Meadowlark Reclamation Expansion, Final I Environmental Impact Report, WESTEC Services, Inc. Overview for Public non-Potable Water Sources and Master Plan for Public Non-Potable Water System. Woodside/Kubota and Associates Lake Calavera hills Reclamation System Update Report, Glenn M. Reiter & Associates Preliminary Overview of Staff Report on Water Reclamation, San Marcos I County Water District Costa Real Municipal Water District Master Plan for Public Water System, Woodside/Kubota & Associates, Inc. Batiquitos Lagoon Reclamation Project Conceptual Plan, Leucadia CWD, Nute Engineering Encina Water Pollution Control Facility 2020 Facility Plan, John Carollo Engineers City of Carlsbad Master Plan of Sewage, Wilson Engineering San Diego Water Reuse Study, Volume V, Encina Basin Feasibility Study, John S. Murk EnQineers, Inc. San Luis Rey Santa Margarita Basin Water Study, Phase I - Market Feasibility Study Presentation, Boyle Engineering Corporation and HYA Consulting Engineers March 1978 January 1979 September 1979 September 1979 November 1980 I November 1980 May 1981 I November 1981 September 1982 May 1983 February 1985 October 1985 December 1987 I I February 1988 April 1989 SY332AW\VOL4CH3,RPT 3-2 -. Encina Basin Water Reclamation Project, Phase I Pmgram Facilities Plan, John S. Murk Engineers, Inc. City of Carlsbad Water Reclamation Master Plan, Dudek and Associates, Inc. North County Water Reclamation Project - Phase I/ Master Plan, Camp, Dresser & McKee Table 3.* Water Warnation Repons and Studies Carlsbad Municipal Water District, Reclaimed Wafer Master plan PastReWnor8htdy(" 1 Oate July 1989 August 1990 April 1997 I Aviara Reclaimed Water Facilities Plan. Luke-Dudek Civil Enaineers. Inc. I Mav 1989 1 3-3 In May 1990. the District adopted an ordinance defining a policy for the use of reclaimed water. The policy states that reclaimed water be used wherever it is economically justified, financially and technically feasible, and consistent with regulations and public health. The policy was adopted as one strategy to develop local supplies that would free potable water in times of drought. A key element of the ordinance is the requirement for updating the Water Reclamation Master Plan every 5 years. The master plan is to include an evaluation of potential users, required treatment, distribution, and storage facilities, and water quality issues. From the Master Plan, additional potable water uses may be required to convert to reclaimed water. The determination would be based on the policy with respect to economic feasibility, etc., as outlined above. This report is the 5 year update, and the scope is intended to meet the requirements of the ordinance. The requirement for economic feasibility is also one of the goals for the Phase II program. The findings and accepted recommendations of this report will form the Phase II project. 3.3 Phase I Projea The Carlsbad Municipal Water District is completing implementation of the Encina Basin Project- Phase I as the first step in meeting the goals set forth in the District's ordinance. Construction of the major elements funded by the State Revolving Fund Loan were completed early 1995. The major elements of Phase I are shown on Figure 3.1. Phase I delivers Title 22 reclaimed water for a wide variety of "unrestricted" uses. These include agriculture, freeway landscaping, and irrigation of landscaping at schools, industrial parks, golf courses, shopping centers, roadway medians and parkways, and in community association maintained residential area. The project took advantage of existing treatment, distribution, and storage facilities wherever possible. The original application for State Revolving Loan Fund identified four major users with potential annual demand of 1,412 acre-feet (AF) per year (3). Frazee Flowers will be supplied reclaimed water in 1997. These users are listed on Table 3.2. Frazee Flowers and Ukegawa Farms are not current users. The majority of the CALTRANS irrigation began in 1997 when the Interstate 5 pipeline was completed. Other users in addition to those listed have connected to the reclaimed water system. 3-4 USer Annual Maimed Water Demand (Acre-feet per year) I 2. Frazee Flowers I 510 I 1. Aviara Development 3. Ukegawa Farms 147 I 677 4. CALTRANS (1-5 Freeway) TOTAL The source of the Phase I, reclaimed water is the Vallecitos Water District's Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant. The capacity of this plant is 2.0 million gallons per day, which exceeds the expected Phase I demands. The plant produces effluent that allows for unrestricted use as defined by the California Administrative Code, Chapter 3, Division 4, Title 22. The plant is described in a subsequent section of this Volume. The Carlsbad Water District purchases the effluent from The Vallecitos Water District through an Agreement entered into on June 13, 1991. The Agreement sets quantity, quality, and pricing parameters. The District may utilize up to the full capacity during peak summer demands. The effluent is to have a total dissolved solids (TDS) content of less than 1,000 mg/L except for periods of drought. In this case, the concentration could increase to 1,200 mg/L. The Vallecitos Water District is not committed to construct demineralization equipment if the concentration does not meet the limit, but the District would not be obligated to take or pay for the water if this occurs. The initial cost for the water was $241 .OO per acre foot (AF). This rate may be adjusted annually by the Vallecitos Water District on July 1 of each year. The rate in effect for 1996 is $262 per AF. Conveyance The reclaimed water from the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant is first pumped to the Mahr Reservoir for storage. Additional pumps, a six-inch force main, a 16-inch return line from Mahr, and micro screens were constructed as part of Phase I. The effluent from Meadowlark and/or the Reservoir then flows down the fail safe line. The fail safe line was originally constructed to convey the effluent to the Encina Ocean Outfall for disposal. The District now has two connections. The first is a turnout to the La Costa Spa and Resort. The reclaimed water is piped to a pond on the golf course and then pumped to the irrigation system. 70 1,412 3-5 The second connection of the fail safe line is to the District's reclaimed water pump station. The station is located along the fail safe line east of El Camino Real as shown on Figure 3.1. There are three pumps, two duty plus one stand-by, with a rated station capacity of 2 mgd. Distribution The water is pumped into the distribution system shown on Figure 3.1. Potable water Reservoir D-1 and D-2 have both been converted to reclaimed water use. Each of these has a capacity of 1,250,000 gallons. The only other system storage is in the 54 million gallon Mahr Reservoir described above. In addition to the District's distribution system CALTRANS has constructed a IO-inch reclaimed water pipeline parallel to Interstate 5. This pipeline runs along the west side of the freeway from Palomar Airport Road to Cannon, and on the east side of the freeway from Cannon to Carlsbad Village Drive. It provides irrigation water north to almost the City limits. The original CALTRANS design was for an 8-inch line, and it was up-sized at the District's request to convey reclaimed water to the north end of the City. Existing Users A listing of the existing users is given on Table 3.3. The majority users include slope and median irrigation throughout the Aviara Development, the Aviara Resort Golf Course, and La Costa Resort and Spa. This listing represents the users on-line as of December 31, 1995 (4). There were 57 metered accounts or connections with the majority in the Aviara Development. The 57 accounts compares to 36 in June 1995. Historical Use The reclaimed water use from 1991 through 1996 is reported in Table 3.4 (4). This lists the total use by year and by month. Delivery started in October 1991, and the total annual use has increased each year. Over 1,418 AF was used in 1996. In addition, the demand by user for 1995 is given on Table 3.3. This table lists the demand by month. The accounts are grouped in some instances by major user such as the Aviara Master Association. Almost all of the users are in the southern portion of the District and includes the Aviara and La Costa golf courses as well as the landscape irrigation within the Aviara development. 3-7 3-8 Table 3.4 Htstoricel Reoiakned Wmr Use Carlsbad Muniaipai Water oistrict, Recfaimed Water Master Plan Acre-FeetlMQnth I I I I I January February I 1991 I 1992 I 1993 I 1994 I 1995 I 1996 I ~~ ~ 21 11 43 18 34 50 8 25 11 12 April May March ~~ ~~ ~ - 28 54 36 56 89 - 99 113 64 90 192 I -I 11 I 16 I 22 I 10 I June July 17 I 109 128 108 127 153 125 141 119 80 224 November December 44 82 85 69 78 130 30 35 31 39 62 30 Auaust I -I 114 I 121 I 151 I 193 I 198 I September - 127 151 I 193 I 182 181 I October I 53 I 121 I 114 I 89 I 129 I 158 I AnnualTotal I 127 I 922 I 974 I 957 I 1.036 I 1.418 I Seasonal Usage For the period of 1993 through 1995, the seasonal variation in demand is shown on Figure 3.2. This figure gives the demand in percent of average annual demand and by month. The average for the entire period is shown on Figure 3.3. Based on an average of these three years, the highest demand month has been August followed by July. Almost 18 percent of the total annual demand occurs in August. This agrees with the projection in the 1990 Master Plan (1). However, for the entire year, it appears that the actual demand is somewhat shifted to the later summer months than previously estimated. The greatest historical demand occurred in July 1996. A total of 224 AF or 2.35 mgd was delivered. The Carlsbad Municipal Water District is the purveyor of reclaimed water to the La Costa Resort and Spa. One source is the Meadowlark plant as discussed for the Phase I project. In addition, the District sells water to La Costa for irrigation on the south golf course. The source of the 3-9 0 F v) 7 v) U a z m w LL z a 4 0 -3 lV101 1VnNNV lN33t13d Lo 7 0 cu o w n s z I- o n -- I I I I 0 Lo 0 l- I c reclaimed water is the Leucadia County Water District's Gafner Water Reclamation Plant. The water is purchased from Leucadia through an agreement dated March 25, 1991. The delivery of the Title 22 water from the upgraded Gafner plant began in September 1994. Historical deliveries are shown on Table 3.5. For 1995, the total delivered amount was 249 AF. This figure is included in the total listed previously in Table 3.6. It was reported that the 1996 use was expected to be higher, and this is demonstrated by the 1996 metered flows to La Costa. The agreement calls for delivery of up to 0.75 mgd, the capacity of the Gafner plant. The annual delivery was estimated at 394 AF per year, and the reclaimed water is used on the south course. The actual use in 1996, was 385.5 AF, close to the estimated quantity. The largest historical demand occurred in August 1995 with 52.6 AF used. This equates to an average reclaimed water flow of 0.55 mgd. This is 73 percent of the total capacity of the Gafner Water Reclamation Plant. The agreement has similar TDS provisions as described for the Vallecitos agreement. The purchase price is ninety-nine percent of the District's retail potable water price. Local rebates from the San Diego County Water Authority or the Metropolitan Water District are the responsibility of and accrue to Leucadia. The remaining portions of the La Costa Resort and Spa are irrigated with effluent from the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant as discussed above. The Phase IV expansion of the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility (EWPCF) was completed in April of 1992. The EWPCF provides regional wastewater treatment and disposal for the City of Carlsbad as well as five other contiguous agencies including the City of Vista, the Buena Sanitation District, the Vallecitos Water District, the Leucadia County Water District, and the City of Encinitas. As a condition of expansion, the Phase IV project included planting of landscaping on the interstate 5 right-of-way. This was limited to the land immediately east of the EWPCF property line and between the north and south limits. The landscaping is irrigated by filtered secondary effluent from the EWPCF. Though filtered and disinfected, the water does not, nor was required to meet the Title 22 requirements for unrestricted use. The EWPCF is to maintain and pay for all costs through June 30, 201 1. The District should pursue eliminating this delivery with the new CALTRANS line. This section summarizes the historical project and operating costs for Phase I. 3-12 September 1994 I 8.6 i July 1995 August 1995 September 1995 I 23.4 October 1994 November 1994 8.6 ~ 28.6 52.6 35.0 April 1995 I 13.9 December 1995 May 1995 17.2 I 12.7 I June 1995 I 19.7 1 May 1996 39.8 I 41.8 October 1995 November 1995 27.9 October 1996 52.3 I 1995 ANNUAL TOTAL I 249.4 1 1996 ANNUAL TOTAL 385.5 June 1996 I 45.6 July 1996 94.2 August 1996 I 46.2 September 1996 37.2 I November 1996 I 44.3 1 I 0.0 December 1996 1 leaching. 1 3-13 Project Costs Project costs include construction, engineering, legal, fiscal, and administrative items. The Phase I project costs have totaled $2,980,940 (3). The breakdown of Phase I elements is given on Table 3.6. 1. Construction of Meadowlark WRP Modifications Table 9.6 Phw I Pmje@t coSWn' Carlsbad Municipal Water Ilisttioi, Waimed Water Master Plan Item I Cost $802,551 3. 4. Construction of Potable 8 Reclaimed Water Pipelines Construction of 1-5 Freeway Crossing $972,887 $170,000 5. Construction of Piwline at Price Club I $67,387 I 6. Construction of Pipeline to Aviara Development SUBTOTAL $221,158 $2,555,231 7. Enaineerina. Leaal. and Administrative Cost I $425.709 I ~~~ 1991/92 1992/93 TOTAL I $2.980.940 I ~ $602 $501 $71 3 $567 (1) Final Proiect Financial Rewrt, March 1995 I Annual Costs The annual costs and revenues for fiscal years (FY) 1991/1992 through 1995/1996 are shown on Table 3.7. The costs include the purchase price from the Vallecitos Water District and the Leucadia County Water District, the cost of potable water to meet total demands, and funding of a reserve fund starting in FY 1994/1995. The reserve fund will be used for expansions and replacement. The total District cost to supply reclaimed water in terms of dollars per acre foot is as follows: I Fiscal Year I Cost WAF) I Potable Water Rate WAF) I I 1993194 I $676 I $728 I 1994195 I $802 I $741 I 1995196 I $806 I $741 I 3-1 4 The cost does not reflect the rebates from the San Diego County Water Authority or the Metropolitan Water District. Further, these years do not include loan repayments to the State Revolving Loan Fund. This component would increase the apparent cost by about 10 percent. With the rebates, the cost of reclaimed water is favorable when compared to potable water. Revenue includes sales, the local project rebates from the San Diego County Water Authority and Metropolitan Water District, and transfers from the water fund. Revenues as defined in Table 3.7 have exceeded expenses. The initial construction outlays and transfers from the water fund to cover construction are not included in the above. Sources of Funds The project costs have been funded by State Water Resources Control Board loans totaling $2,425,427 and transfer of District funds. Other sources of revenue include metered reclaimed water sales at the potable water rate and Local Projects Program offsets from the San Diego County Water Authority and the Metropolitan Water Department. These offsets historically totaled $254 per AF. Of this, $100 per AF is paid by the County Water Authority. This subsidy will run for two more years. Starting in 1997, the Metropolitan Water District will pay the difference in reclaimed water cost to the treated water cost up to $250 per AF. This will cover the Phase I program for the next 22 years. 3-15 3-1 6 4.t Irrtrodwtian The quality of the reclaimed water distributed by the Carlsbad Municipal Water District is governed by several regulatory agencies. Included in these (and discussed in this section) are the State of California, Department of Health Services (CDHS), the San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB), and the Countyof San Diego Health Services Department (SDHSD). The reclaimed water quality must also meet the individual requirements of potential users. The water quality requirements of individual users that irrigate with reclaimed water are dependent upon the sensitivity of their vegetation to the various constituents contained in the reclaimed water. This will be discussed in greater detail in Section 5 of this report. 4.2 State Requirements I State Department of Health Services (DHS) The California Water Code directs the CDHS to establish statewide criteria for the use of reclaimed water. The Division of Drinking Water and Environmental Management for CDHS has submitted the Proposed Wastewate r Reclamation Criteria, (R-13-95) to the Office of Regulations for its review and scheduling for hearing. In the interim, Title 22, Division 4, of the California Administration Code entitled Waste water Reclamation Criteria, (1978) is the standard which CDHS currently enforces. Title 22 Requirements Through Title 22, Division 4, of the California Administration Code, bacteriological quality and wastewater treatment level standards are set for various types of reclamation. Title 22s main objective is to promote the reclamation of wastewater, while protecting the public's health. The Title 22 treatment requirements as per intended use are summarized in Table 4.1. As the table illustrates, reclaimed water which is intended for use in areas with unlimited public exposure (unrestricted recreational and irrigation use) must be treated to a tertiary treatment level and disinfected so that its effluent coliform concentration complies with the following limits. The 7-day median coliform count is restricted at 2.2 per 100 ml and single sample coliform counts are not allowed to exceed 23 per 100 ml. Additionally, the average turbidity limit is set at 2 nephelometric turbidity units (NTUs). Also, the reclaimed source is not allowed to exceed 5 NTU's for more than 5 percent of any 24-hour period. 4-1 Primary Secondary Tertiary Required Median Treatment Treatment Treatment Effluent Coliform Type of Use Only Requiredz Required' Concentration' Spray Irrigation of Food Crops x X e2.2 +r 100 milliliters5 Surface Irrigation of Orchards X NIA and Vinevards Irrigation of Fiber, Fodder, or X NIA Seed Crops Irrigation of Pasture for Milking X <23 per 100 milliliters Animals Landscape Irrigation of Areas X X ~2.2 per 100 milliliterse with Public Exposure (Le. Parks, Playgrounds, Schoolyards, etc.) Landscape Irrigation with Limited X 23 per 100 milliliters' Public Exposure (Le. Golf Courses, Cemeteries, Freeway Landscape, etc.) Discharge to Nonrestricted X x <2.2 per 100 milliliters5 Recreational lmmundment Discharge to Restricted X <23 per 100 milliliters Recreational Impoundment Discharge to Landscape x <23 per 100 milliliters Impoundment 1. From Sections 60603 through 60319 (Articles 3 through 5) Chapter 3, Title 22 Division 4, California Code of Reaulations. 2. Defined in Title 22 as biological treatment and secondary sedimentation. 3. Defined in Title 22 as coagulated, filtered, and clarified wastewater that does not exceed an average operating turbidity of 2 turbidity units not 5 tuhidity unks more than 5 percent of the time in any 24-hour period. Median coliform wncentration not to be exceeded, based on results from the last 7 days for which analyses have been completed. In addition, the maximum wliform wncentration of 23 organisms per 100 milliliters is not to be exceeded in more than one sample in any 30day period. In addition, a maximum wliform wncentration of 23 organisms per 100 milliliters is not to be exceeded in any sample. In addition, the number of coliform organisms shall not exceed 240 per 100 milliliters in any two consecutive samples. 4. 5. 6. 7. As shown in Table 4.1, the process requirements for treatment of wastewater become more stringent under Title 22 according to the reclaimed water's level of public contact. To be considered suitable for unrestricted recreational use under Title 22, the wastewater is required to undergo oxidation, coagulation, clarification, filtration, and disinfection. Reclaimed water that has been sufficiently treated at this level is expected to meet or be lower than levels of 5 mg/l for both biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and total suspended solids (TSS). These limits, along with the aforementioned levels - S?d33UW\VOL4CW,RPT 4-2 for bacteria and turbidity, constitute the given quality levels for reclaimed water that can be classified under Title 22 for unrestricted recreational and irrigation use. Table 4.2 below details these constituents. Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) Total Suspended Solids (TSS) mg/L 5' mg/L 5' Turbidity (NTU) Total Coliforms mg/L = milligram per liter NTU = Nephelometric Turbidity Unit Numbed100 ml = Number per 100 milliliters coliform wunt 1. 2. 3. Assumed based on oxidation, coagulation, clarification, and filtration process requirements. Mean turbidity, maximum not to exceed 5 NTU's for five percent of any 24 hour period. 7-dav median coliform count. maximum not to exceed 23/100 ml. ~ NTU 22 Numbed1 00 ml 2.23 Proposed DHS Wastewater Reclamation Criteria As stated earlier, DHS has submitted its draft ProposedWaste water Reclm&gn Cn 'teria, (R-13-95) for review andror approval (Appendix A). Upon its adoption, it will establish statewide criteria for all reclaimed water in the State of California. While it reads similarly to Title 22, there are some differences in the terminology and criteria which will be discussed as part of this section. The majority of the requirements in the draft ProposedWaste water Reclamation Criteria (R-13-95) are taken from California Water Code 55 13520 and 13521 (attached as Appendix 8). Safety criteria and other quoted requirements are referenced from various other sections of the Water Code and the Health and Safety Code. The highest water classification for the proposed guidelines is "disinfected tertiary reclaimed water" which is defined in Wastewater Reclamat ion Criteria, Section 60301.230 of said criteria as 'Yiltered and disinfected wastewater that meets the following criteria:" "(a) The filtered wastewater has been disinfected by either: (1) A chlorine disinfection process that provides a CT (chlorine concentration times modal contact time value) of not less than 300 milligram-minutes per liter at all times with a modal contact time of at least 90 minutes, based on peak dry weather design flow; or; 4-3 (2) A disinfection process that, when combined with the filtration process, has been demonstrated to reduce the concentration of plague-forming units of F-specific bacteriophage MS2, or polio virus, per unit volume of water in the wastewater to one hundred thousandths (1/100,000) of the initial concentration in the filter influent throughout the range of qualities of wastewater that will occur during the reclamation process. A virus that is at least as resistant to disinfection as polio virus may be used for purposes of the demonstration. (b) The median concentration of total coliform bacteria measured in the disinfected effluent does not exceed an MPN of 2.2 per 100 milliliters utilizing the bacteriological resub of the last seven days for which analyses have been completed and the number of total coliform bacteria does not exceed an MPN of 23 per 100 milliliters in more than one sample in any 30 day period. No sample shall exceed an MPN of 240 total coliform bacteria per 100 milliliters.” Disinfected tertiary reclaimed water can be used for the following per Section 60303 (a) of the proposed CDHS guidelines: “(a) Reclaimed water used for the irrigation of the following shall be a disinfected tertiary reclaimed water except that coagulation need not be used as part of the treatment process provided the turbidity of the influent to the filters does not exceed 5 NTU more than 5 percent of the time: (1) Food crops where the reclaimed water comes into Contact with the edible portion of the crop. This includes all edible root crops. (2) Parks and Playgrounds. (3) School yards. (4) Residential landscaping. (5) Unrestricted access golf courses. (6) Any other irrigation use not specified in this section and not prohibited by other sections of the California Code of Regulations.” Table 4.3 below, outlines the criteria which will have to be met in the future for waters intended for the above purposes if andfor when the proposed CDHS guidelines are adopted. This table can be compared to Table 4.2, which details the requirements for Title 22 Unrestricted Use of Reclaimed Wastewater, as they describe similar quality waters under the two different guidelines. 4-4 Biochemical Oxygen Demand (BOD) Total Suspended Solids (TSS) Turbidity (NTU) Total Coliforms S1U3UW\ML4CIUU.RPT 4-5 mglL 5' mgk 5' NTU 22 Number11 00 ml 2.23 .- I L 0 0 0 Over the twenty years since this plan's publication, the approach taken toward effective water quality management has undergone many changes due to growth in population for the region and the subsequent threat of pollution to the region's resources due to this increase. Public input, environmental legislation and regulations, regulatory programs, research, and litigation have also contributed toward the evolution of a new Basin Plan. In September 1994, the Regional Board adopted the Water Qualw Control Plan for the San Diego Basin (9) as its new standard. As well as a rewrite of the existing 1975 standards and amendments, the new plan addresses the need for pollution prevention and the cumulative effects of pollution on entire watersheds. The Regional Boards specific regulatory effotts in the coming years will include concerns regarding surface water bottom sediment contamination, ground water contamination and nonpoint sources of pollution. Water Quality Criteria There are many different water quality criteria which are designed to protect specific beneficial uses of water. Contained in Appendix C is Table C-1 from the September 8, 1994 Water Quality Control Plan for the San Diego Basin (9). This appendix shows the water quality criteria which the RWQCB considered when designating the water quality objectives for the Basin Plan. These listed water quality criteria are not enforceable as objectives of the Regional Board. They have been presented only as a comparison for the RWQCB Objectives as outlined in the subsequent section. RWQCB Water Quality Objectives Effluent limitations which are established by the RWQCB are outlined as "water quality objectives" in Chapter 3 of the Comprehensive Water Quality Control Plan Repofl for the San Diego Basin (9), also referred to as the "Basin Plan." The Basin Plan, updated in 1995, establishes specific ground and surface "water quality objectives" for groundwater basins and surface water bodies within the San Diego Region. Water Quality objectives must protect the most sensitive of the beneficial uses which are designated for a specific water body. Water quality objectives may be expressed as numerical values for quality constituents or as narrative descriptions. These objectives must be scientifically based and must be as stringent or more stringent than the existing water quality criteria. The water quality objectives which have been set by the Regional Board for the waters in the San Diego Region will be achieved through the issuance of waste discharge permits and the implementation of the RWQCB water quality control plan. The mia Water Code $13050 (h) defines "water quality objectives'' as follows: Designate beneficial use of the Region's surface and ground waters; Designate water quality objectives for the reasonable protection of those uses; and Establish an implementation plan to achieve the objectives. "The limits or levels of water quality constituents or characteristics which are established for the reasonable protection of beneficial uses of water or the prevention of nuisance within a specific area." SM33'2AW\YOUCHI.RPT 4-6 Water quality objectives for Region 9 of the RWQCB are established to satisfy all of the requirements of the California Water Code, Div. 7 (Porter-Cologne Act) and the Clean Water Act. The objectives as they are established under each of these regulations are summarized in the following sections. Water Quality Objectives According to the Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act The Porter-Cologne Water Quallty Control Act designates water quality objectives for the following reasons (per Section 3 of the Basin Plan): “Water quality objectives must ensure the reasonable protection of beneficial uses and the prevention of nuisance, recognizing that it may be possible for the quality of the water to be changed to some degree without unreasonably affecting beneficial uses. “Protection of beneficial uses may not require that water quality objectives protect the existing quality of water. However, water quality objectives cannot be set at a level that would permit water quality to change to such a degree that the beneficial uses designated for protection are unreasonably affected.” “Water quality objectives must ensure that the water will be suitable for the beneficial uses which have been designated for protection.” “In establishing water quality objectives, the Regional Board must provide for the reasonable protection of all beneficial uses which are designated for protection, taking into account existing water quality, environmental and economic considerations.” California Water Code 5 13241 provides that the Regional Board shall consider, but is not limited to, the following factors in establishing water quality objectives: “Past, present, and probable future beneficial uses of water; Environmental characteristics of the hydrographic unit under consideration, including the quality of water available thereto; Water quality conditions that could reasonably be achieved through the coordinated control of all factors which affect water quality in the area; Economic considerations; The need for developing housing within the region; and, The need to develop and use recycled water.” Water Quality Objectives According to the Clean Water Act Section 303 of the Clean Water Act requires that the State submit all new or revised water quality standards for surface and ocean waters for the approval of the EPA. The water quality objectives set by the Clean Water Act (referenced from Chapter 3 of the Basin Plan) highlight the following points: SW32AWWOL4CW.RPT 4-7 Water quality objectives are called water quality criteria in the Clean Water Act "Water quality criteria (is., water quality objectives) are defined as constituent concentrations, levels, or narrative statements, representing a quality of water that supports a particular surface water use. Water quality criteria are qualitative or quantitative estimates of the concentration of a water constituent which, when not exceeded, will ensure water quality use. Water Quality criteria should reflect the latest scientific knowledge on the identifiable effects 01 pollutants on public health and welfare, aquatic life, and recreation." 40 C.F.R. 131.3 (b) "States must adopt water quality criteria (i.e., water quality objectives) that protect designated surface water beneficial uses. For surface waters with multiple beneficial use designations, the water quality criteria shall support the most sensitive beneficial use."40 C.F.R. 131.11 (a)(l) "States must adopt water quality criteria (i.e.. water quality obiectives) for surface water which are based upon US EPA guidance documents or other scientifically defensible methods. Economics are not considered in the development of water quality criteria for surface waters under the Clean Water Act." 40 C.F.R. 131.1 1 (b) "Water quality criteria (Le., water quality objectives) for surface waters can be either numeric or narrative specifications for water quality based on physical, chemical and toxicological data, and scientific judgement. Where numerical specifications cannot be established based upon biomonitoring methods." 40C.F.R. 131.11 (b) The term "water quality criteria" has two meanings under the federal Clean Water Act. In one context, water quality criteria is equivalent to water quality objectives. In other, water quality criteria is the standard that a state must impose to protect a surface water beneficial use. In another context, the term Water quality criteria'' refers to scientific information the EPA has developed on the relationship that the effect of constituent concentration has on human health, aquatic life, or other uses of water. €PA has published information in documents such as the "Gold Book (EPA, 1986) and in various individual criteria documents. Federal Antidegradation Policy Each state must, under the Clean Water Act, mandate an "antidegradation" policy for surface waters which complies with the following three principles. This federal antigradation policy is as follows: (1) The first principle requires that all existing in stream water uses shall be maintained and protected. The second principle protects waters whose quality exceeds levels necessary to support propagation of fish, shellfish, and wildlife and recreation in on the water. For these waters, limited water quality degradation may be allowed if necessary to accommodate important economic or social development in the area in which the waters are (2) SY332ArnVOL4CH4.RPT 4-8 located and if the water quality is adequate to protect existing uses fully. (3) The third principle requires maintenance and protection of all high quality waters which constitute an outstanding national resource." 40 C.F.R. 131 .I2 (a) The above three principles comprise what is called the "federal antidegradation p0lic)r as set forth in 40 C.F.R. 131.12 (a). This policy acts as a "catchall" water quality standard. In other words, this policy will be applied where other standards are not specific enough for a particular water body Or where other standards do not address a particular pollutant. The policy also provides a guideline for the imposition of additional control measures to ensure the maintenance of high quality in stream beneficial uses and surface waters. State Antidegradation Policy State Board Resolution No 68-1 6, Statement of Policy with Respect to Maintaining High Qualify Of Waters in California, states that for all waters in the State, the Regional Board and the State Board must have sufficient grounds to adopt findings which demonstrate that any water quality degradation will: (1) (2) Be consistent with the maximum benefit to the people of the State; Not unreasonably affect existing and potential beneficial uses Of such water; and, Not result in water quality less than described in the Basin Plan." The policy provides a general principle for nondegradation while at the same time allowing some flexibility for change so as to not hinder the "best interests of the State." Changes in water quality are allowed only where it is in the public interest and beneficial uses are not unreasonably affected. RWQCB Groundwater Quality Objectives for Watersheds within CMWD Study Area In keeping with the above RWQCB guidelines, Table 4.4 summarizes the Basin Plan groundwater quality objectives for watersheds within the proposed service area. Policies require water irrigation use at concentration no lower than the quality of the basin's water supply, and no higher than the Basin Plan groundwater quality objectives. (3) Total Dissolved Solids 3,500 3.500 3,500 2800 I I SY332AW\ML4CH4.RPT 4-9 Chloride 800 800 800 700 .- Nitrate Iron Manganese Methylene Blue Active Substances (Surfactants) Boron Fluoride Sulfate I 500 I 500 I 500 I 600 45 45 45 45 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.3 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 2.0 2.0 2.0 1 .o 1 .o 1 .o 1 .o 1 .o Percent Sodium I 60 I 60 I 60 I 60 RWQCB Permitting Programs RWQCB's most effective means of providing protection for the Region's water resources is through the issuance of Waste Discharge Requirements (WDRs), Water Reclamation Requirements (WRRs), and Master Reclamation Permits (MRP) for individual dischargers. The waste discharge requirements impose conditions which protect water quality, implement the Water Quality Control Plan, and when the discharge is to waters of the United States, meet the requirements for the Clean Water Act. The waste discharge requirements impose limits on the quality and quantity of waste discharges and specify conditions to be maintained in the receiving waters. The basic elements, per the Basin Plan, for the waste discharge requirements include: 0 Effluent limitation on the quality and quantity of the waste discharge. The effluent standards or limitations are designed to implement water quality control plans, protect beneficial uses, and prevent nuisance; Standard terms and conditions and discharge prohibitions to ensure compliance with applicable provisions of state and federal law; and 0 - 4-10 0 A monitoring and reporting program requiring the discharger to collect and analyze samples and submit monitoring reports to the Regional Board on a prescribed schedule. Water reclamation requirements specify standards for all uses of reclaimed treated wastewater. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permits are regulated by the State of California, as the EPA has delegated responsibility to the State and regional boards for the implementation of the Federal NPDES program. Therefore, WDRs for discharges to surface waters in the State of California can also serve as NPDES permits. Waste Discharge Requirements Per Chapter 4 of the Basin Plan, waste discharge requirements are permits for waste discharges to land which could primarily affect ground water quality and beneficial uses. All waste discharges, whether to land or water, are subject to California Water Code 5 13263. Furthermore, unless exempt, discharges to land (e.g., landfills) are also subject to Title 23, Galilomia Code o f Reaulations, Chapter 15. Examples of such waste discharges include: 0 Sewage treatment plants with discharges to land; 0 On-site disposal systems (septic tank systems); 0 Sanitary landfills; 0 Industrial discharges; 0 Land treatment units (boremediation); 0 Dairies; and 0 Some types of dredging operations in surface waters are also regulated under waste discharge requirements. Waste discharge requirements may also protect surface waters in those instances where surfacing ground water may adversely affect surface water quality or beneficial uses. A standard WDR permit typically includes the following elements: Findinas: Official description of the facility, processes, type, and quantity of wastes, existing WDRs, enforcement actions, public notice and applicable Water Quality Control Plans, beneficial uses and water quality objectives; Effluent limitatjcm: Narrative and numerical limits for effluent and discharge prohibitions; Receivina wale r limitations. Narrative and numerical objectives for the receiving waters; Provisions: Standard provisions required by the Regional Board and by state and federal law; ComDliance schedu les: Time schedules lor completion of activities to achieve compliance with permit conditions; - A variety of other activities which can affect ground water quality. - 4-1 1 Sludoe Reauiremm: Sludge monitoring and control requirements, if necessary; and a Monitorino and reoort ina Droaram: Specific locations of monitoring stations and sampling frequency for all constituents limited in the permit, including flow, and other constituents that may be required by the Board. Any person proposing to discharge waste, other than to a community sanitary sewage system, must file a report of waste discharge (application) to obtain waste discharge requirements at least 120 days prior to commencing the discharge. Typically, in practice, the permitting process will take three months after submittal of application. The process by which to obtain a Waste Discharge Requirements Permit through RWQCB is as follows: 1. The discharger describes the proposed disposal of wastewater in a document called “Report of Waste Discharge”. This report contains the following: a. b. C. d. e. 1. 9. h. The design and operation of the treatment facility, The discharge quality, Demonstration that the RWQCB ground water quality objectives will not be exceeded. This may require that salt or other constituent and Water mass balance tests in the hydrologic subarea be performed, Demonstration that no surfacing of the reclaimed wastewater will occur downstream of the development, Description of measures which will be taken to prevent runoff and flooding, Description of measures to be taken to exclude the public from the area, if necessary, Description of how the supplier of the reclaimed water will exercise control over its use, and a copy of any agreements made between the supplier: and, Final approved Environmental Impact Report or Negative Declaration. The discharger also has to describe storage facilities for use when the water may not be reused, such as during wet weather. 2. The staff of the RWQCB acts as a clearinghouse for the project. It sends the Report of Waste Discharge to the California Department of Fish and Game, the DHS, the SWRCE, County Health, and other agencies for review and input. Comments from these agencies are returned to the staff of the RWQCB who then incorporate them into the tentative Waste Discharge Requirements, The staff of the RWQCB drafts tentative Waste Discharge Requirements for the project, 3. 4-1 2 4. The RWQCB submits the tentative Waste Discharge Requirements to the consulting agencies listed above in step 2, for their review and comment. The RWQCB reviews the comments for possible inclusion in the requirements, and The staff of RWQCB presents the tentative requirements to the RWQCB at a public hearing for adoption. Once adopted, the Waste Discharge Requirements are no longer considered tentative. 5. In addition to obtaining a waste discharge permit, the following items must be completed and approved before discharge can commence: 1. A design certification report containing an engineering analysis demonstrating that the facility will meet the waste discharge requirements, An engineering report is submitted to the RWQCB and the DHS in accordance with Section 60323 of Title 22 of the California Administrative Code . This report contains an engineering analysis demonstrating that the facility will meet the requirements of Title 22 and a contingency plan assuring that no inadequately-treated wastewater will be delivered to the use area. This report and the design certification may be combined, and Rules and regulation governing the design and operation of the facilities using reclaimed water are established by the discharger for each user. These rules developed in conformance with the DHS guideline and the "Regulations Relating to Cross-Connections" contained in Title 17 of the California Administrative Code. The rules and regulations are submitted to the RWOCB and DHS. 2. 3. The mfornia Water CQ& , Div. 7, Ch. 4, Article 4 authorizes the Regional Board to issue waste discharge requirements, review self monitoring reports submitted by the discharger, and perform independent compliance checking. The Regional Board is authorized to take a variety of enforcement actions to obtain compliance with waste discharge requirements. Enforcement of waste discharge requirements is done through the issuance of cleanup and abatement orders, cease and desist orders, administrative civil liability orders and court action. The Regional Board is alm authorized to update and review waste discharge requirements periodically. Existing Waste Discharge Requirements There are several Waste Discharge Requirements Permits already issued by the San Diego RWQCB. Water Discharge Requirement Permits for the specific purveyors are as outlined in the subsequent sections. Copies of each of these permits is included in Appendix D. The requirements for the levels of applicable water quality parameters are given below. Vallecitos Water District-Meadowlark WRP In May 1987, the San Diego RWQCB Adopted Order No. 87-81, Waste Discharge Requirements For San Marcus County Water District Meadowlark Wastewater Reclamation Project, which established Vallecitos County Water District as a wholesaler of reclaimed water to the City, and permitted the use of reclaimed water from the Meadowlark WRF to be used in certain portions of the City, including the - S16332AmWOL4CH4.RPT 4-1 3 areas including the Aviara and La Costa golf courses. Order No. 87-87 was modified in fiscal year 1992/93. Order No. 93-23 reflects the latest waste discharge requirements for the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant. This is attached as part of Appendix D. Leucadia County Water District-Forest R. Gafner WRP Originally, in May of 1987, The San Diego RWQCB Adopted Order No 87-82, Waste Discharge Requirements for Leucadia County Water District Forest R. Gafner Water Reclamation Plant near the City of Carlsbad, San Diego, California. The Order stated in its findings that up to 0.75 mgd of effluent from the District's Leucadia County Water District (LCWD),Gafner Water Reclamation Facility is to be used for the irrigation of the La Costa Golf Course. Addendum No. 1 to Order No. 87- 82 authorized the Leucadia County Water District to supply reclaimed water the to the Carlsbad Municipal Water District from Forest R. Gafner Water Reclamation Plant for distribution anywhere within the City of Carlsbad where the ground water objectives either did not apply or were 3,500 milligrams per liter (mg/l) for the total dissolved solids (TDS). As part of the FY 1993/94 Waste Discharge Order Update Program, Order No. 87-82 was reviewed by the Regional Board staff in accordance with criteria established in the Administrative Procedures Manual adopted by the State Water Resources Control Board. This Order, Order No. 93-41, which supersedes the previous order and addendum, consolidates and makes changes to the Findings, Requirements, and Monitoring and Reporting Program of Order No. 87-82. Specific Waste Discharge Permit Requirements The waste discharge permit requirements for the Gafner and Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plants are summarized on Table 4.5. 4-1 4 ' Table 45 Waste Discharge Psnnlt Requltbmenta for Oafnsr and Mmbk W)tPs Carlsbad Municipal Water Oistrict, Rechimed Water Master Pian EMent Umitatione 1 2 3 4 ** The 12-month average effluent limitation shall apply to the arithmetic mean of the results of quarterly averages of all samples collected during the previous 12 months. The 30-day average effluent limitation shall apply to the arithmetic mean of the results of all samples collected during any 30 consecutive calendar day period. The daily maximum effluent limitation shall apply to the results of a single composite or grab sample. Increment over water supply based on semi-annual analysis of the water supply. Must be within 6.0 - 9.0 at all times. The median number of coliform organisms shall not excesd 2.2 per 100 milliliters and the number of coliform organisms shall not exceed 23 per 100 milliliters in more than one sample within any 30-day period. Not to exceed an average operating turbidity of 2 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU). Not to exceed 5 turbidity units more than 5 percent of the time during any 24-hour period. . *.* Water Reclamation Requirements Reclaimed water is treated wastewater which is treated to a level which will allow direct beneficial use or a controlled use that would otherwise not occur. Reclaimed water used in the Region include, but are not limited to, landscape irrigation, crop irrigation, freeway landscape irrigation, groundwater recharge, soil compaction at construction sites, and lor recreational lakes. The RWQCB may prescribe water reclamation requirements to producers of reclaimed water or those governing its use based on the determination of the Board as to necessity to protect public health, safety, and welfare. The Board's determination is based on the California Water CQ.& , Div. 7, Ch.7, 55 13500-1 3556 "Water Reclamation Law", which states that no person shall reclaim water or use reclaimed water for any purpose subject to Title 22 criteria until water reclamation requirements have been established or the Regional Board determines that no requirements are necessary. The RWQCB issues a separate Water Reclamation Requirements Permit to the users and purveyors of reclaimed water. This permit describes the criteria and restrictions required for the safe use of the specific reclaimed water source. The process which must be followed for receipt of a Water Reclamation Requirements Permit is similar to that of the Waste Discharge Requirements. The Water Reclamation Requirements process is started by sending RWQCB a letter stating who the user will be, and if available, an agreement between the user and the discharger. The user must submit plans and specifications to the State and county health facilities in place of the engineering reports specified above. If water purveyor requirements are needed, the process for obtaining these is the same as for the Water Reclamation Requirements. Water Reclamation Requirements issued to public agencies as reclaimed water purveyors must have the proposed service area approved for application in the original Waste Discharge Requirements issued to the producer of the reclaimed water. Water Reclamation Requirements lor both water users and purveyors require the designation 01 a Water Master to be in charge of the irrigation system described in the permit, and the preparation of Rules and Regulations for the safe use of the reclaimed water. - - SM332AWWOLdCW.RPT 4-1 5 Typically, the time that it takes for the water reclamation requirements process is approximately six weeks. Instead of issuing separate WRRs to each reclaimed water user for a specific prolect, the Board has the option of establishing Master Reclamation Requirements as part of the waste discharge requirements issued to a supplierklistributor of reclaimed water. The master reclamation requirements must include the following components per the Basin Plan: rn A requirement that the permittee comply with the uniform statewide reclamation criteria established pursuant to State Code 5 13521. Permit conditions for a use of reclaimed water not addressed by the uniform statewide reclamation criteria shall be considered on a case-by-case basis; A requirement that the permittee establish and enforce rules or regulations for reclaimed water users, governing the design and construction of reclaimed water use facilities and the use of reclaimed water, in accordance with the uniform statewide reclamation criteria established pursuant to $ 13521; A requirement that the permittee submit a quarterly report summarizing reclaimed water use, including the total amount of reclaimed water supplied, the total number of reclaimed water use sites, and the locations of those sites, including the names of the hydrologic areas underlying the names of the hydrologic areas underlying the reclaimed water use sites; A requirement that the permittee conduct periodic inspections of the facilities of the reclaimed water users to monitor compliance by users with the uniform statewide reclamation criteria and the requirements of the master reclamation permit; and rn rn rn rn Any other requirements determined to be appropriate by the Regional Board Existing Water Reclamation Requirements Permits On May 20, 1991, the RWQCB adopted Order No. 91 -60. Water Reclamation Requirements for the Purveyance of Reclaimed Water by the Carlsbad Municipal Water District, San Diego County. Order No. 91-60 authorizes the Carlsbad Municipal Water District to purvey water from the Shadowridge WRP, the Meadowlark WRP, and the Gafner WRP to the portions of the City of Carlsbad. Management and water quality in the study area entails close coordination among the institutions concerned with planning and maintaining environmental quality. The composition, jurisdiction and functions of wastewater management and planning agencies involved in the implementation of the proposed water reclamation project are discussed in the following paragraphs. California Coastal Commission and Local Coastal Program - S.U33ZA~VOL4CHI.RPT 4-16 ,- With the passage of Proposition 20, the California Coasta I Zone Conservation Act of 1972, a State Coastal Zone Conservation Commission, and six Regional Commissions were created. This 1972 Act was subsequently superseded by the 1977 California Coastal Act which spelled out in more detail the policies regarding protection of the resources on the coastal zone. The 1977 Act also initiated the Local Coastal Plan process for local jurisdictions to eventually take over the issuance of the Coastal Development Permits. The City of Carlsbad has taken over jurisdiction except for the area around Agua Hedionda Lagoon. The coastal zone extends from Oregon to the Mexican Border. The zone includes the land and water area seaward to the outer limit of state jurisdiction, including all islands within that jurisdiction. The zone extends landward to the highest elevation of the nearest coastal mountain range. Within the coastal zone, a permit area extends from the seaward limits of state jurisdiction to 1,000 yards landward from the mean high tide line, subject to specified exceptions. Any development within this permit area is prohibited without a Coastal Development Permit. The Act establishes criteria and requires submission of plans for the preservation and enhancement of the environment and the ecology of the coastal zones of California. It also prescribes standards for the issuance or denial of these special permits. The Coastal Commission does not have policies specifically regarding reclaimed water, but if the project requires development of presently undeveloped land within the coastal zone, a coastal permit would be required. For development such as installation of a pipeline, a coastal permit would probably not be required if it were installed in easements or right-of-ways which presently contain utilities. San Diego County The San Diego County DHS, along with other state and local agencies, reviews the Report of Waste Discharge for the RWQCB. While the State DHS concerns itself with the review of the conceptual use and main conveyance of the reclaimed water to new user sites, the County has the responsibility of reviewing the individual new-user site applications for on-site conformance with coverage (proper usage) criteria, cross- connection criteridtesting, and oversprayhisting testing (to ensure no contamination on adjacent sites). They are also responsible for mosquito abatement in water impoundments, which includes any open storage reservoirs used for reclaimed water. The mosquito abatement methods include: 1. Impoundments can be lined or sufficiently sloped to discourage rooted aquatic plant growth along pond edges which provide protection for mosquito larvae, Drainage water and impounded water can be circulated and kept moving to minimize mosquito breeding, and Impoundments can be sprayed with a thin layer of an oil-like substance to suffocate mosquito larvae. 2. 3. 4-17 Any planned improvements for reclaimed water should receive review by the mosquito abatement group of the County Department of Health Services for vector control guidance. San Diego County Water Authority The San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA) formed the Water Authority Reclamation Advisory Committee (WARAC) in November, 1987. It is made up all public water purveyors and sewer agencies in San Diego County, and will study and evaluate proposed water reclamation projects, and make policy recommendation to the Board of the SDCWA. Association of Water Reclamation Agencies In northern San Diego County, many of the cities, water districts, and sanitation districts have joined to form the Association of Water Reclamation Agencies (AWRA). The goals of AWRA, which was formed in 1980, are to promote and encourage the beneficial uses of reclaimed water. Members of AWRA include the Cities of Carlsbad, Oceanside, and Vista; Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD); San Dieguito Water District (SDWD); Vallecitos Water District (VWD); and Vista Irrigation District (VID). The specific objectives and goals of AWRA are to: 1. 2. Provide a forum to discuss and coordinate water reclamation projects, Promote development of reclaimed water to meet the goals and expectations of the area’s water users, Develop a project assistance andlor advisory committee, Facilitate interagency and intergovernmental cooperation at all levels, Maintain a library for project reports, sample agreements, contracts, technical specification, rules and regulations applicable to water reclamation, and Maintain a list of agencies providing water reclamation grants. 3. 4. 5. 6. 4-1 8 The purpose of this section is to outline the quality criteria which are governed by regulation and discuss levels which are recommended for the use of reclaimed water based on the existing basin water quality and the reclaimed water’s intended use. 200) Adjusted Sodium Adsorption Ratio Total Dissolved Solids The Gafner and Meadowlark plants are required to submit a compliance report in keeping with the regulatory requirements of Title 22. Attached as Tables 5.1 and 5.2, respectively, are the historic water compliance data for the effluent quality. Gafner WRP Historical Effluent Quallty Data Attached as Table 5.1 are the available quality data for the Gafner WRP. Because of the relative startup of this reclamation facility, the data, which is fairly limited, is only available from October of 1994. Also, there were periods when the plant did not produce any effluent. Therefore, there are intervals when no data were able to be collected. Ratio 4.6 2.5 3.2 3.0 maR 1218 1138 1056 1137 Electrical Conductivity Sulfate Iron TDS Limit I mg/L I 1072 I 1084 I 988 I 1080 I I (Potable + 400) mill 2.03 1.79 1.55 1.82 mg/L 705 462 380 528 mn/L n.n5 0.12 n.21 n.n7 mhos/cm Su33uM\ VOL4CHS.FIPT 5-1 Meadowlark WRP Historical Quality Data Historical data provided in Table 5.2, which follows, date back to January 1989. Chloride Adjusted Sodium Adsorption Rate mg/L 198 196 200 21 8 231 227 235 mg/L N/A N/A N/A N/A 4.020 4.200 3.963 % Sodium I Total Dissolved 1 mglL I 759 I 769 I 896 I 985 I 1055 I 1044 I 1052 I Solids (TDS) mg/L 0.0167 0.016 0.0175 52.6 47.1 MA N/A Electrical I mill I N/A I N/A I N/A I N/A I 1.711 I 1.640 I 1.635 I I Conductivity rnhos/cm Iron Manganese I Sulfate I ma/L I 229 I 223 I 287 I 337 I 337 I 332 I 333 I mgn NIA N/A 0.283 0.070 0.044 0.039 0.034 mg/L N/A N/A 0.061 0.053 0.036 0.034 0.037 Methylene Blue Active Substance mg/L 0.353 0.407 0.735 0.535 0.488 0.345 0.374 I Boron I ma/L I 0.466 I 0.445 I 0.397 I 0.435 I 0.429 I 0.385 I 0.338 I Fluoride mg/L 0.406 0.601 0.571 0.559 0.583 0.541 0.586 SW2ACUtVOLICHS.UFT 5-2 Effluent Quality Requirements per RWQCB The effluent for the Meadowlark and the Gafner plants must meet the numerical limits set by the RWQCB permits. Both plants have the same criteria requirements as given in Table 5.3. Biochemical Oxygen mg/L 30 45 Demand (BOD 5 @ 20" C) Total SusDended Solids mdL 30 45 PH . Total Dissolved Solids 400' 1500 Chloride mg/L 2004 500 Manganese 0.05 0.06 Iron mg/L 0.3 0.4 Boron mg/L 0.5 0.6 Coliform MPNI100 ml .. t. ... .tt Turbidity NTU 1 2 3 4 The 12-month average effluent limitation shall apply to the arithmetic mean of the results oi quarterly averages of all samples collected during the previous 12 months. The 30-day average effluent limitation shall apply to the arithmetic mean of the results of all samples collected during any 30 consecutive calendar day period. The daily maximum effluent limitation shall apply to the results of a single composite or grab sample. Increment over water supply based on semi-annual analysis of the water supply. Must be within the limits of 6.0 to 9.0 at all times. The median number of coliform organisms shall not exceed 2.2 per 100 milliliters and the number of coliform organisms shall not exceed 23 per 100 milliliters in more than one sample within any 30-day period. Not to exceed an average operating turbidity of 2 nephelometric turbidity units (NTU). Not to exceed 5 turbidity units more than 5 percent of the time during any 24-hour period. I ** .** 5-3 .- Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) Chloride Comparison of Effluent Quality to RWQCB Requirements Comparisons between the RWQCB Water Quality Objectives (as outlined in the Basin Plan and discussed in Chapter 4 of this report) and the Waste Discharge Permit Requirements are made in the ensuing subsections. Comparisons will be made in tabular form and discussed. The use of "/A" in any column means that the data is not available. The biochemical oxygen demand (BOD5), total suspended solids, coliform, and turbidity constituents are constrained by daily maximum limits and 3Oday average limits. Therefore, the quarterly and yearly compliance reports do not provide this data. Gafner WRP Comparison As stated earlier, the data from the Gafner WRP is rather limited due to recent startup and periods of non-production. As there is a large gap in the data from the initial sampling to the second. only the last three of the four samplings will be considered for comparison. The average of the three samplings will be considered to be representative of data for the 12-month average for comparison against the 12-month average permit requirements. mg/L 1082' 1110 mg/L 304" 277 Gafner WRP vs. Waste Discharge Permit Requirements Table 5.4 compares the Gafner WRP effluent data with it's waste discharge permit requirements. Manganese I ma I 0.07 0.09 Iron I ma I 0.3 0.13 I Boron I mo/L I 0.5 I 0.6 I ~~ Based on semi-annual data analysis plus 400 mg/L. Based on semi-annual data analysis plus 200 mg/L. ** Gafner WRP vs. RWQCB Water Quality Objectives Table 5.5 compares the Gafner WRP effluent data to RWQCB water quality objectives. 5-4 Meadowlark WRP Comparison Table 5.6 compares Meadowlark WRP effluent data to waste discharge permit requirements. Meadowlark WRP vs. Waste Discharge Permit Requirements 1 Chloride 1 Manganese Iron Boron rnglL 285' 21 5 mgIL 0.05 0.04" ma 0.3 0.1" mg1L 0.5 0.4 Meadowlark WRP vs. RWQCB Groundwater Objectives Table 5.7 compares Meadowlark WRP effluent data to RWQCB groundwater objectives. S- VOUCHS.RPT 5-5 .- Chloride Sulfate Percent Sodium Nitrate Iron Manganese Methylene Blue Active Substances (Surfactants) Boron Fluoride I Total Dissolved Solids I ma/L I 3,500 I 937 I mg1L 700 215 mg/L 500 297 % 60 50' mglL 45 NIA ~ ma/L 0.3 0.1" ma/L 0.05 0.04" mg/L 0.5 0.5 mgR 2.0 0.4 mdL 1 .o 0.5 ResidentialICommercial Data taken from 1992 and 1993 compliance reports only. Data taken from 1991-1995 compliance reports only. ** 38.4 Enclna Effluent Quality The discharge requirements set for the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility(EWPCF) do not have limits for total dissolved solids(TDS), sodium, chloride, boron, or other salts that may affect its quality for reclamation. The discharge is to the Pacific Ocean and is regulated by the California Ocean Plan and the current National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit. However, the Encina Wastewater Authority Board has historically and continues to support reclamation policies. To this end, a TDS goal of 1,000 mg1L has been set. The historical influent, effluent, and potable water TDS is given in Table 5.8. The TDS concentration has exceeded the goal since 1991, and this may be attributed to a combination of drought, potable water quality, and concentrating effects of water consetvation. For 1995, the Encina staff estimated that the TDS was made up by the following contributions: ECSA Industrial Users I Potable Water I 53.0 I 8.6 (5) SM VWCIK.RPT 5-6 The term ECSA refers to industrial dischargers that have entered Enforcement Compliance Schedule Agreements for TDS discharge concentrations exceeding the current local limit of 1,500 mg/L. There are seven ECSA dischargers as of January 1996. The deadline for compliance is May 1, 1997 but could be extended for 2 years to coincide with the completion of a new water reclamation plant at Encina. Based on 1995 conditions and all of the ECSA TDS removed from the wastewater, the TDS concentration would still exceed 1,000 mg/L. Other TDS controls such as restrictions on home regenerated water softeners would be required to consistently reduce TDS below the 1,000 mg/L goal. The option would be to demineralize a portion of the effluent from the potential new water reclamation plant. The demineralized flow would be blended back with the remaining flow to achieve the goal. 1989 968 928 I 1990 I 976 I 962 I 500 1991 1139 1114 61 8 1992 I 1225 I 1209 I 642 1993 1204 1182 648 1994 1395 1303 660 1995 1212 1152 643 Average 1989-1 995 1160 I 1121 I 618 (‘I Encina Wastewater Authority, ‘Draft TDS Alternative Analysis”, January 1996. Data not available for 1989 . TDS Variation The EWPCF effluent was tested in September 1996 to determine if there was a diurnal variation in TDS concentration. Some communities have higher wastewater TDS during the early morning hours when home softeners are regenerated. The variation with time is shown on Figure 5.1. Two days are shown, September 18-19 and September 28-29,1996. The first percent is a weekday. The second is a weekend. This data does suggest that the TDS quality varies, and by selective pumping, the best effluent could be used for reclamation. s1u32Aw\ VOLICH5.RPl 5-7 000000000 v)ov)ov)ov)ov) C3C3NCUrrOOQ) rrrrrrrr In addition to the regulatory constraints discussed in Section 4 of this report, the use-related water quality considerations may limit the usability of the reclaimed water. For the service area recognized in this report, the reclaimed water is targeted for irrigation of golf courses, general landscape, and nursery use. To determine a reclaimed water’s acceptability as an irrigation source, one must consider the effect of specific ions on the plant growth as well as the physical and chemical factors in the relationship between the ionic concentrations, the soil and the plant metabolism. Specifically, the following factors, which are discussed in subsequent subsections, must be analyzed: 0 Salinity 0 Soil Permeability 0 Specific Ion Toxicities 0 Miscellaneous Other Criteria The constituent most commonly referenced when discussing the acceptability of reclaimed water use is salinity. High salinities can significantly reduce the soil permeability and impair plant growth. Salinity is currently measured directly by the Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) level, inferred from measures of electro-conductivity (EC), or derived from the percent sodium or sodium adsorption ratio (SAR). The SAR. which is an indicator of the relative concentration of sodium to the concentration of calcium and magnesium in the water, is thought to be a more accurate representative for salinity (as discussed in a subsequent subsection of this chapter). Other parameters within reclaimed water which are negatively associated with plant development include high concentrations of chloride, chlorine residual, boron, nitrogen, and bicarbonate. Table 5.9 provides general guidelines for the restriction of reclaimed water usage based on the maximum recommended concentrations of the more debilitating constituents. % Sodium (Surface Irrigation) % Sodium (Sprinkler Irrigation) Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) mg/L <3 3-9 >9 --- mglL < 70 > 70 mmho/cm <3 3-9 >9 SM WXICHS.RPT 5-9 Electroconductivity (EC) I 0.7-3.0 I > 3.0 EC (for SAR of 0 - 3 ) mmho/cm 0.7 0.7 - 0.2 <0.2 EC (for SAR of 3 - 6) mmho/cm > 1.2 1.2 - 0.3 c 0.3 EC (for SAR of 6 - 12) I 1.9-0.5 I e0.5 EC (for SAR of 12 - 20) mmholcm > 2.9 2.9 - 1.3 el.3 EC (for SAR of 20 - 40) mmho/cm > 5.0 5.0 - 2.9 2.9 Chloride , CI (Surface Irrigation) mgfl 140 140 - 350 > 350 Chloride, CI (Sprinkler Irrigtttion) I < 100 100 - 350 > 350 Boron, B msfl < 0.7 0.7 - 3.0 > 3.0 Nitrogen (Total N) mg/L I <5 I 5-30 I > 30 Bicarbonate, HC03 mg/L c 90 90 - 500 > 500 (Sprinkler Irrigation) (Sprinkler Irrigation) Chlorine, residual mg/L <1 1-5 >5 I I I I units ___ 6.5 - 8.4 --_ PH NOTE: mmhos/cm = millimhos per centimeter 1 From 1995 Basin Plan (which is partially referenced from lmgation with Reclaimed Municipal Wastewater, A Guidance Manual, California State Water Resources Control Board, Report Number 84-1, July 1984) SAR is calculated as in Subsection 5.3.1.1 of this Chapter. At a given SAR, soil infiltration increases as salinity (indicated as EC) increases. 2 Table 5.10, shows typical tolerance levels of major San Diego crops to salinity, boron, and chloride. The tolerance levels for salinity are given as a measure of Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) concentrations. 5-10 Avocados I Oranges I 1.000 I 0.5 I 125 I 20 I 4.5 I Tomatoes Lemons 1,500 1 .o 450 -- 4.5 1,100 0.5 175 20 4.5 ~ Grapefruit 1,100 0.5 125 20 4.5 Tangerines 1,100 0.5 125 20 4.5 -- 4.5 Miscellaneous Vegetables 1,100 1 .o __ - Strawberries Miscellaneous fruits and nuts Pasture and Landscape I 1,500 1 2.0 I __ 1 -- 4.51 I Grasses 600 0.5 125 __ 4.5 __ 4.5 1,000 2.0 __ 1 2 Taken from Area Wide Water Quality Management Plan, San Diego-Riverside SAR defined in Section 5.3 of this report. Salinity Salinity can represent one of the most important constraints for the use of the reclaimed water as a source for irrigation water. Changes in salinity affect the osmotic pressure of the soil solution within the area of the plant's root zone. Therefore, as the salinity rises within a soil solution, the available water for plant consumption will decrease. Salinity is measured by determining the electrical conductivity (EC) of a solution. EC measures the ability of salts in solution to conduct electricity, expressed in millimhos per centimeter (mmho/cm) at 25' C. Though many of the salts in the soil solution may precipitate out as harmless compounds (e.g. carbonates of calcium and magnesium) or not approach a level which is considered to be harmful, the EC of a specific irrigation water can be directly related to potential plant growth. Another indicator of high salinity is the concentration of TDS in a reclaimed water source. Table 5.1 1 compares the use-related and regulatory TDS criteria for reclaimed water usage. One method of reducing the effects of high salinity in irrigation waters is called leaching. Leaching is the introduction of excess water (beyond the evapotranspiration levels) into the root zone. This excess water should carry the salts in the irrigation water past the root zone before toxic concentrations can accumulate. The main hindrance to leaching is the soil's permeability. The soil s- VOUCHS.RPT 5-1 1 must have permeability rates which will allow adequate penetration of water to provide for evapotranspiration and leaching. Leaching fractions of 15 to 20 percent are considered to be acceptable for most applications. Whereas, leaching fractions of 30 percent or higher over prolonged periods of time can negatively impact plants through water logging and poor aeration. McKee and Wolf note that because of all the variables involved, the classification of waters for trary and the limits set cannot be too rigid. The three general I I Excellent to good, or suitable I for most Dlants under most < 30 - 60 % I I I conditions. II 30 - 75% Good to injurious, harmful to some plants under conditions of soil, climate and practices. 111 > 70 - 75 % Injurious to unsatisfactory, unsuitable under most conditions. Percent Sodium, Sodium Adsorption Ratio and Adjusted Sodium Adsorption Ratio As stated earlier, excess concentration of sodium in irrigation water reduces soil permeability to water and air. The deterioration by sodium in irrigation water is cumulative and is accelerated by poor drainage. The specific water quality objective for sodium in the Basin Plan is expressed as percent sodium. Percent sodium is calculated as follows: x 100% Na Na +Ca + Mg + K % Na = where: Na, Ca, Mg, and K are expressed in milliequivalent per liter (mefl). The percent sodium objective was developed for the protection of agricultural uses from the potential hazard due to sodium in irrigation waters. The value of 60% sodium is based upon Water Quality Criteria, by McKee and Wolf, 1963. Since the publication of the percent sodium criteria, technical research has resulted in the development of more applicable criteria for addressing the potential sodium hazard in irrigation water. - 6%!33UW\VOUCUS.R?l 5-1 2 The sodium adsorption ratio (SAR) and adjusted sodium adsorption ratios (Adj. SAR) are measures of the potential hazard in soils due to sodium. SAR and Adj. SAR are similar to percent sodium in that their calculated values provide an indication of a soil's potential for permeability and potential aeration problems. However, by taking into consideration the exchange phases between Ca, Na and Mg, the SAR and Adj. SAR predict potential sodium build up in soils. The Adj. SAR calculation further takes into account the effects of carbonate and bicarbonate ion concentrations of a soil. The calculation for SAR is as follows: where: Na, Ca and Mg are in men. The calculation for Ad]. SAR is as follows: Na adj. SAR = m 2 where: Na and Mg are in men. Ca, is a modified Ca value, calculated using the Suarez table (Table 3-3, contained in lrrigation with Reclaimed Municipal Wastewater, A Guidance Manual, California Sate Water Resources Control Board, Report Number 84-1, July 1984). Ca, takes into account salinity (as EC). the HCO&03 ratio (men) and the estimated partial pressure of CO, in the top few millimeters of the soil (Pm = 0.0007 atmospheres). According to the Basin Plan: In some cases, ao'justed sodium adsorption ratio may be a bener indicator of the potential sodium hazard in imgation water than percent sodium. The Regional Board Executive officer may authorize the use of ao'justed sodium absorption ratio instead of percent sodium to indicate the potential sodium hazard. In such cases, the aqusted sodium adsorption ratio shall not exceed the slight to moderate range of value referenced in Table 3-7 Guidelines for lnterpretation of Water Qualify for Irrigation". (Reference Table 5.8 of this Report) Permeability Another factor to consider in relation to the use of reclaimed water for irrigation purposes is the permeability of the soil which supports the plants to be irrigated. Permeability of the soil affects the ability of the water to be transported to the roots of the irrigation plants. S- VOL4CHS.RPl 5-1 3 .- Permeability has to do with the balance between the organic and clay fractions of the soil (which carry a predominantly negative charge) and the varying amounts of cations (positively charged ions) in the soil. Irrigation and fertilization can disturb the concentration of the cations which can be adsorbed by the soil by altering the ionic equilibrium. When calcium is the predominant cation which is adsorbed on this exchange complex, the soil develops a granular structure which is easily worked and permeable. However, if the concentration of adsorbed sodium exceeds 10 to 15 percent of the total cations in the soil, the structure can be less permeable. Exception to this would occur when the total salt concentration is maintained at a high enough rate to cause a flocculated condition. Therefore, irrigation plants which receive high sodium content reclaimed water can suffer from permeability problems within the soil structure. One method of reducing the damage to plants within these areas is to treat the soil with a calcium-rich compound such as gypsum. The excess calcium will chemically replace the sodium within the soil, thus increasing the permeability of the soil. Specific ion Toxicities As shown in Table 5.8, above, there are a number of constituents which are contained In reclaimed water which can cause adverse affect to recipient vegetation. For example, high concentrations of sodium and chloride are extremely deleterious to tree crops, woody perennials, and annuals. Also, when applied by sprinkler, reclaimed water which is high in sodium and chloride can cause special problems due to foliar absorption. Sodium Sodium is a naturally occurring constituent of waters. Wastewater from municipal sources will have a higher sodium content due predominantly to the collective effect of individual water softeners. Also, within the CMWD, there is a high impact from industrial sources. Though sodium can be very toxic to some plant varieties, the negative impact to plants grown in soils containing high levels of sodium results from the negative impact that the sodium has on the soil (i.e. permeability). The use of soil amendments such as gypsum (calcium sulfate) and elemental sulfur (S) can reduce the amount of sodium available on the cation exchange sites of the soil structure, which will ultimately lessen the negative effect that the sodium has on the soil and/or plants. These materials are relatively inexpensive and easily applied to the soil. Chloride Chloride toxicity is the most common toxicity that occurs from irrigation water because it moves readily in the transpirational stream of plants. It can also occur from direct absorption through the leaves. As well as creating the most common toxicity, chlorides in reclaimed irrigation water can be among the most detrimental to irrigation plants. Plants which suffer from high chloride levels exhibit retarded growth. Chloride damage can be symptomized by yellowing of leaves with subsequent burning around their perimeters and excessive leaf exfoliation. S.%3Z?MV#OUCH5.RPT 5-1 4 Boron Boron, which is necessary in low concentrations for regular plant development, can be very toxic at levels greater than 0.5 mgL. The US EPA has established a water quality criterion for long term- irrigation on sensitive crops such as citrus of 0.75 mglL. Even the most tolerant of plants cannot handle concentrations in excess of 4.0 mg/L. As per Table 5.9, levels of 0.5 mg/L are not recommended for extended irrigation on San Diego’s more sensitive crops. Boron is absorbed by the roots and transported ultimately to the leaf tips of the plant. When the water transpires from the leaf tissue, the boron residual is left. Symptoms of this residual damage are yellowing and/or burning of the vegetation’s leaves, premature leaf drop, and a reduction in yield. As this is a cumulative process, the quality of the soil, drainage conditions, amount of irrigation water applied, and climatic conditions (such as rainfall) can greatly modify the safe concentration levels. Symptoms of boron damage are usually not seen for several years (due to its cumulative nature) and therefore only evident in more mature vegetation. Though boron can be extremely damaging to ornamental and woody vegetation, boron toxicity does not seem to pose a problem for turfgrass. This has been attributed to the fact that boron, which accumulates in the leaf tips, is removed from turfgrass by frequent mowing. Bicarbonate The concentration of bicarbonate (HCOs) ion in a reclaimed water can adversely affect the soil permeability, and, therefore, must be evaluated along with the sodium calcium and magnesium content of both soil and water. The bicarbonate ion may combine with calcium and/or magnesium and precipitate as calcium and/or magnesium carbonate. As the calcium and magnesium precipitate from the soil, the SAR of the solution, and thus the exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) of the soil will increase. The other negative effect which bicarbonate can have on soil, is by increasing its pH level to moderately alkaline conditions. Trace element deficiencies often occur in plants grown in soils with high pH. For example, in the western United States, high soil pH is one of the major factors which causes iron deficiency chlorosis. Nitrogen Wastewater contains several different forms of nitrogen, mostly ammonium (NH,) with some nitrate (NO3), which will act in a similar manner as applied fertilize nitrogen. When nitrogen is applied in these forms, the nitrifying bacteria in the soil will convert it to available nitrate ion. Organic forms of nitrogen undergo biodegradation with conversion to simple inorganic forms which plants can assimilate. Though nitrogen is an essential component of plant proteins and other constituents, excessive nitrogen levels may cause problems in some sensitive plants by overstimulating plant growth instead of flowering and/or producing fruit. - For the most part, turfgrass is fairly resistant to high nitrogen levels. However, turf may experience heat stress if it receives too much nitrate through a combination of reclaimed water and S- WL4CHS.RPT 5-1 5 supplementary fertilization. One method of avoiding this is to reduce or alleviate the addition of fertilizer during the summer months. Other Criteria As with other elements, some trace elements are essential for plant development and only produce negative effects when the plant tolerance levels are exceeded. When adding an element to the soil via irrigation, it may decrease in concentration as it combines with the soil, or it may accumulate in the soil over an extended period of time. After continued application at a certain level, a steady state condition will be approached in which the amount of the element leaving the soil through the drainage water will equal the amount that is added by the irrigation water. As long as the concentration within the irrigation source remains the same, there will be no flocculation in the concentration within the soil. Table 5.12, below, provides guidelines for safe concentrations of specific trace elements for irrigation waters. Aluminum Arsenic Beryllium 5.0 20.0 0.1 2.0 0.1 0.5 Boron Cadmium Chromium __ 2.0 0.01 0.05 0.1 I .o Comer 0.2 5.0 Fluoride iron - Lead Lithium 5-1 6 1 .o 15.0 5.0 20.0 5.0 10.0 2.5 2.5 ~ Manganese Molybdenum Nickel Selenium Vanadium Zinc 0.2 10.0 0.01 0.05 0.2 2.0 0.02 1.02 0.1 1 .o 2.0 10.0 -. Source: Environmental Studies Board, National Academy of Science, National Academy of Engineering, Water Quality Criteria, 1972. Another problem which can develop from the use of reclaimed water as an irrigant, is the deposition of suspended solids in the soil structure. Incidence of this is higher in soils which consist primarily of clay or colloidal material. As the solids collect on and within the soil structure, crusts form and reduce seeding emergence. These crusts may also reduce infiltration, reduce irrigation efficiency and impede the leaching within saline soils. Comparison of Existing Effluent with Recommended Irrigation Parameters Gafner WRP Effluent vs. Recommended irrigation Criteria Table 5.13 compares Gafner WRP effluent to recommended irrigation criteria. rota1 Dissolved Solids (TDS) YO Sodium (Surface Irrigation) % Sodium (Sprinkler Irrigation) Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) Ilectroconductivity (EC) ilectroconductivity for Specific SAR Zhloride (Surface Irrigation) Zhloride (Sprinkler Irrigation) 30rOn Uitroaen Slight to Moderate Severe None None Slight to Moderate Slight to Moderate Slight to Moderate Slight to Moderate None NIA Not recommended for avocados, oranges, or miscellaneous fruit and nut trees. Levels acceptable for some citrus, miscellaneous vegetables, and pastureflandscape grasses. Not recommended for most crop vegetation. No restriction for most crop veaetation. No restriction for most crop vegetation. N/A NIA Not recommended for most crop vegetation. Not recornmended for most crop vegetation. Not recommended for avocados. most citrus, or strawberries. Acceptable for tomatoes, misc. vegetables, misc. fruits and nuts, and Dasturellandscaw masses. NIA 5-17 I Bicarbonate (Sprinkler Irriaation) I NIA I NIA I Chlorine, residual (Sprinkler Irrigation) NIA Meadowlark WRP Effluent vs. Recommended irrigation Criteria Table 5.1 4 compares Meadowlark WPR effluent to recommended irrigation criteria. Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) % Sodium (Surface Irrigation) % Sodium (Sprinkler Irrigation) ~_____ Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR) Electroconductivity (EC) Electroconductivity for Specific SAR Chloride (Surface Irrigation) Chloride (Sprinkler Irrigation) Slight to Moderate Severe None Slight to Moderate Slight to Moderate Slight to Moderate Slight to Moderate Slight to Moderate Not recommended for avocados, oranges, or miscellaneous fruit and nut trees. Levels acceptable for some citrus, miscellaneous vegetables, and pasturellandscape grasses. Not recommended for most crop vegetation. No restriction for most crop veaetation. No restriction for most crop veQetation. N/A NIA Not recommended for most crop vegetation. Not recommended for most crop vegetation. SW324CG VOL4CHS.RPT 5-1 8 Boron Nitrogen Bicarbonate (Sprinkler Irrigation) Not recommended for avocados, most citrus, or strawberries. Acceptable for tomatoes, misc. vegetables, misc. fruits and nuts, and pasturellandscape grasses. N/A I ~ NIA I NIA Chlorine, Residual (Sprinkler Irrigation) WA I NIA 5-1 9 The Phase I market included large agricultural users, the La Costa Resort and Spa, Aviara, and other smaller users. These users are located generally in the southern portion of the City of Carlsbad. Phase I took advantage of existing treatment, storage, and distribution systems to a large degree. This section identifies the potential Phase II market. It includes an update from past studies as well as a review of current development plans. A listing of the potential market is given along with type of use, quality requirements, annual use, and peak use. The most recent reclaimed water market studies for the service area are the 'City of Carlsbad Water Reclamation Master Plan" (1) and the 'Encina Basin Demonstration Project Water Reclamation Master Plan" (2). "WATER RECLAMATION MASTER PLAN" The service area for this study was the Carlsbad city limits. This includes some overlap with the Olivenhain Municipal Water District and Vallecitos Water District. Potential uses included agriculture, golf course, freeway median, parks and schools, residential and commerciaVindustria1 landscape irrigation. Other industrial as well as groundwater recharge and ecological enhancement were discussed. However, these potential markets were dismissed as impractical. The report identified a potential market of 11,478 acre-feet (AF) per year with a daily peak use of 21.25 million gallons per day (mgd). 'NORTH COUNTY WATER RECLAMATION PROJECT-PHASE II MASTER PLAN" The study area for this report includes the City of Carlsbad with overlap with the Vallecitos Water District, the Olivenhain Municipal Water District, and the San Dieguito Water District. The study area was defined with respect to availability of markets, availability of reclaimed water supply, and coordination with existing reclamation efforts (2). Forty five additional markets were identified in this report as well as 55 existing users. With the existing users, the ultimate demand was projected to be 10,935 AF per year. The users were generally along or south of Palomar Airport Road. The potential users in the northern portion of the City studied in the previous Master Plan were not included. - S- VOLICHB.APT 6-1 The markets identified in the past reports have been reviewed with respect to changes in land use and development plans. Some of the identified developments are now in areas designated as open space for habitat management. Some of the users no longer exist. These users have been deleted. Other new markets have been identified through review of the Ci!y's Local Facility Master Plans, specific development plans, and review of potential users from maps. Potential Users From the overall review, an updated list of existing and potential users has been developed. This is reported in Table 6.1. The table provides an identification number, the location by Local Facility Management Zone, the user's name and type of use, irrigated acreage, use factor, and ultimate demand in acre-feet per year. The user numbers include an alpha character that denotes the type of use. These are as follows: Desianation Tvoe of Use .- A C G 15 L P R S Agricultural Commercial/lndustriaI Landscape Irrigation Golf Course Freeway Median and Right of Way General Irrigation Parks Residential Irrigation--Slopes and Medians. Schools All of the uses identified are for irrigation of turf and landscaping. The users are identified by user identification number on Figure 6.1. Potential Market Size The total potential market has been identified at 11,020 acre-feet per year. Considering that 18 percent of the demand is expected to occur in the peak month, the potential demand is 21 million gallons per day. This is essentially equal to the potential demand identified in the 1990 Master Plan (1). 6-2 c This section describes the potential sources of reclaimed water for future Phase II development. Three member agencies within the Encina Wastewater Authority own water reclamation plants. They are: Gafner I 0.75 Leucadia County Water District I I This plant was completed in 1984. It is located at 2310 South Rancho Sante Fe Road in San Marcos. Processes include screening, rotating biological contactors, sedimentation, coagulation, filtration and disinfection. The disinfection is accomplished using chlorine and chlorine contact basins. Screenings and secondary sludge are pumped through a dedicated 6-inch line that connects to the District's land outfall for processing at the EWPCF. The Vallecitos Water District applied for and received a re-rating of the plant to 2.25 mgd. The additional 0.25 mgd will provide flows to convey primary and secondary sludges to the EWPCF. The net capacity for reclamation will be 2.0 mgd. The Meadowlark plant could be expanded to 5.0 mgd (6). This would require somewhat higher organic loadings on the rotating biological contactors. In any event, the site layout can easily handle 4 mgd. In addition to the treatment expansion, the Vallecitos Water District Lift Station No. 1 would be enlarged to convey a portion of the wastewater from the San Marcos Drainage Basin to the Meadowlark plant. The ultimate flow from the Meadowlark drainage basin is projected to be 3.0 mgd, but this flow may not occur for some time. The maximum flow to the plant is 3.0 rngd without major upgrades to Lift Station No. 1 and the force main. The failsafe line capacity would also need expansion with a new or parallel line. SMX32WX VOLICH7.RPT 7- 1 Shadowidge can currently provide up to 1 .O mgd of reclaimed wastewater it is located at 2525 Lupine Hill in Vista. The remaining 0.16 mgd of treatment capacity represents the flow needed to convey the screenings and sludge through the sewer to Encina. The processes at Shadowridge are essentially the same as at Meadowlark, except that reverse osmosis was constructed to demineralize the effluent to meet total dissolved solids limits for irrigation. The reverse osmosis units were never operated and now have been abandoned. The effluent is used to irrigate the Shadowridge golf course. During the peak irrigation season, all of the plant capacity is utilized for this purpose. The excess effluent is discharged into the failsafe line. Though expandable to 2.5 mgd based on available site, there are no current plans to do this. The Gafner plant includes screening, comminution, primary sedimentation, trickling filters, secondary sedimentation, coagulation, reactor clarifier, filtration, and disinfection. It is located at 1960 LaCosta Avenue in Carlsbad. It is not expected that this plant would be expanded in the future. The treated effluent is used to irrigate the south course at the La Costa Resort and Spa. There is an 800,000 gallon bladder reservoir that can be used for effluent equalization or storage. There is an existing digester that is not in use. As discussed above, all sludge is treated at the EWPCF. The Leucadia County Water District is considering abandoning the primary and secondary treatment facilities at Gafner. Secondary effluent would be supplied by the EWPCF through the failsafe line. The tertiary facilities would remain in operation and might be expanded. - When the treated flows exceed the rate of reclamation USB, the effluent is conveyed to the Encina Ocean Outfall (EEO) System through the failsafe lines. The alignment and size of these pipelines is shown on Figure 3.1 also. The failsafe lines join at a pressure manhole adjacent to the surge chamber at the EWPCF. A pipe connects the manhole to the surge chamber where the reclaimed flows mix with the EWPCF effluent and discharge into the ocean outfall. 7-2 The City of Carlsbad is one of six member agencies that own and operate the EWPCF and the EOO systems. All of the wastewater generated within Carlsbad is treated at this facility. The member agencies own the facilities through a joint powers agreement. A second agreement established the Encina Wastewater Authority to operate and administer the joint system. The member agencies are the City of Carlsbad, the Buena Sanitation District, the City of Encinitas, Leucadia County Water District, Vallecitos Water District, and the City of Vista. Each member agency is responsible for their own wastewater collection systems. Description The EWPCF is located on Avenida Encinas, just west of Interstate 5 and south of Palomar Airport Road, in the City of Carlsbad. The location is shown on Figure 3.1, The treatment plant consists of a headworks, primary treatment, activated sludge secondary treatment, and solids handling. A portion of the treated effluent is reclaimed and used for irrigation of the freeway right-of-way, on-site landscaping, and internal plant uses. Treatment Capacity With the completion of the Phase IV Expansion, the capacity of the EWPCF is 36 mgd liquid and 38 mgd solids. Phase IV started construction in 1989 and was finished in April of 1992. The project included an additional headworks bar screen, primary clarifiers, aeration basins, secondary clarifiers, a dissolved air flotation thickener, anaerobic digesters, and belt press sludge dewatering. A plant layout and design criteria are included in Appendix E. However, with expansions and conversion of certain units, the plant is expandable to an average annual flow of approximately 53.7 mgd as reported in the Encina "2020 Facility Plan Update" (7). The total member agency flow projections, including the City of Carisbad, is 53.19 mgd. This is the ultimate flow projection as summarized in the 'Encina Ocean Outfall Disposal Capacity Report" (8). Solids Handling Capacity The upstream reclamation plants discharge their sludges back to the sewer system for ultimate digestion, dewatering, and disposal at the EWPCF. The plants that discharge sludges include Shadowridge owned by the Buena Sanitation District, Meadowlark owned by the Vallecitos Water District, and Gafner owned by the Leucadia County Water District. The equivalent solids handling capacity is 38 mgd to account for 2 mgd of upstream reclamation. This is the combined capacity of Shadowridge and Gafner. The Vallecitos Water District's capacity is included in their total liquidsolids ownership. The solids handling at the EWPCF can be expanded to handle total equivalent solids flows with the addition of a dissolved air flotation thickener and two anaerobic digesters. - 7-3 Additional Property In December 1995, the Encina Wastewater Authority completed purchase of a 32 acre site immediately south of the EWPCF. This is the net buildable area taking into account easements and set backs. The asset value is $4,529,205. The City of Carlsbad has title of the property for the benefit of the member agencies. This site, currently vacant, could be used for multiple purposes including a new Administration Building for Encina as well as a water reclamation plant for a member agency. The District has completed preliminary site planning for a 18 mgd Title 22 treatment facility (9). The source of water would be secondary effluent from the EWPCF. Processes would include coagulation/flocculation, filtration, disinfection, and demineralization for a portion of the effluent to produce a product with a total dissolved solids (TDS) content less than 1,000 m@. Design criteria and process schematics for each of the above plants is given in Appendix E. The District currently utilizes Reservoirs D-1 and D-2 for storage. The total storage volume is 2.5 million gallons (mg). Storage is needed to meet the diurnal demands. The reclaimed water is produced on a 24 hour basis, with some variation during the day. However, the reclaimed water should be delivered over an 8 hour period beginning at 1O:OO pm and ending at 6:OO am. The irrigation schedule can be changed. To ensure sufficient supply the diurnal storage reservoirs need to be full at the start of the irrigation period. This section summarizes other storage opportunities. Mahr Reservoir South of the plant is the 54 mg Mahr Reservoir. This is an unlined-uncovered reservoir that has been used for storage of reclaimed water. Algae growth has been a past problem with respect to use of the stored effluent for irrigation. As part of the Carlsbad Municipal Water District's Encina Basin Project-Phase I, a micro screening facility was constructed to alleviate this problem. The reservoir can also be used to reduce peak flows to the EOO. The reservoir is located at a hydraulic grade of 570 feet above mean sea level. With a 54 mg volume, it could help to reduce the impact of peak month demands. It would probably require lining, covering, and relocation of the micro screens. Lake Calavera Lake Calavera is located in the northeast corner of the City. It was constructed in 1940 as a water storage reservoir. The only source of potable water were wells in the San Luis Rey River in Oceanside. The well output could not keep up with the higher summer demands. The reservoir was used to store water during the low demand winter months for subsequent use in the summer. A - 7-4 water filtration plant was also constructed. The facility was abandoned when the first Colorado River was imported in 1957. The reservoir has a capacity of 520 acre-feet with a spillway elevation of 216.5 feet. There is an overflow that limits the normal water surface elevation at about elevation 209. The City also has the water rights to the runoff into the reservoir of 150 acre-feet per year. The estimated watershed area is 1,420 acres. Much of this remains undeveloped. Using rainfall records kept at the Kelly Ranch from 1930 to 1977 and at the District offices from 1977 to 1995, the average rainfall is 14.1 inches per year with at least 7.5 inches falling 90 percent of the years on record. Using a gross runoff coefficient of 0.3 and neglecting runoff from May through October, the runoff into Lake Calavera would average 450 acre-feet per year with at least 244 acre-feet per year being collected 90 percent of the time. The actual amount of runoff is not known, as no records have been kept. A report done in 1990 concerning water supplies for the Lake Calavera Golf Course estimated the runoff at between 100 to 300 acre-feet per year, but it appears that there was no data substantiating this figure. In the early 1980's the Lake Calavera Hills Water Reclamation Plant was constructed to serve a development. This 1.2 mgd plant included an oxidation ditch activated sludge process with aerobic digestion and belt press dewatering. The effluent was to be disinfected with chlorine in a contact basin. The facility never went into operation. Portions may be suitable for treatment of the water from Lake Calavera. It is located west of Tamarack Avenue and south of Elm Street. Piping would need to be constructed from the dam to the plant. Santa Fe I The Santa Fe I Reservoir is located in the City of San Marcos. It is south of Palomar Airport Road and just east of the Cily of Carlsbads city limits. It was the District's first reservoir constructed when imported water became available. It is a 2.5 million gallon, prestressed concrete tank at a hydraulic grade of 660 feet. There is a chlorine booster station associated with the tank. C Reservoir The C reservoir Is located north of El Camino Real and south of Lake Calavera. This Is a 1.5 mg reservoir. This reservoir could be used for diurnal demands. Its base is at an elevation of 392 feet. There is an existing 14-inch steel pipeline connecting the reservoir to El Camino Real at the point of the proposed Cannon Road extension. - Another source of water would be untreated water from the County Water Authority. This water can be purchased at a lower cost than treated water. It also has the advantage of lower total dissolved solids than reclaimed water, on the order of 300 to 350 mgA less. Water would be provided by Pipeline 4 of the Second Aqueduct. - SN133uw\ VOUCH7.RPT 7-5 The potential for local groundwater resources is discussed in the water resources section of this master plan. This section concluded that the resources are small in quantity and the TDS is high. Groundwater is not considered a feasible source. 7-6 - Chapter 8 Gafner Water Reclamation Plant Shadowridge Water Reclamation Plant L 0.75 mgd 1 .OO mgd Previous chapters have summarized the District's existing reclamation program, identified potential users, and summarized reclaimed water sources. This chapter identifies Phase II reclamation alternatives. An alternative analysis is also included. Phase I was based on economically utilizing the existing sources of reclaimed water. These sources included the Vallecitos Water District's Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant and the Leucadia County Water District's Gafner Water Reclamation Plant. The Title 22 effluent is used through agreements with these two agencies. The peak day capacity from these two plants is currently 2.75 million gallons per day (mgd). The reclaimed water users are generally larger users that could be more easily served based on the location of pre-existing facilities. The largest users are the La Costa Golf Course and Resort, the Aviara Golf Course, and median and slope irrigation within the Aviara Development. The Phase II goals include: 1. 2. 3. Development of reclaimed water markets that are cost effective; Making use of existing facilities: and Reducing the dependance upon imported water. The various alternatives discussed do not provide the same amount of reclaimed water. Many are identified to make use of existing facility capacities, utilize logical expansions of the existing water reclamation plants, and develop system storage to reduce treatment requirements during the peak month demand periods. In addition to the existing water reclamation plants, the potential for a new Title 22 plant in connection with the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility (EWPCF) is evaluated. This facility has been discussed in several planning reports. It would be constructed on the 32 acre parcel south of the EWPCF that was purchased for this as well as other uses. In development of the alternatives, the following sources and facilities have been considered: I Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant 1 3, and 4 mgd I ~ I Encina Water Reclamation Plant (new) 1 Varies with alternative I S:!d332/\W\YOL4CHB,RPT 8- 1 I Mahr Reservoir I I 54 Lake Calavera c 78 24Q Totals 132 406 I Non-Potable Water I I I County Water Authority Raw Water I I Varies with alternative Lake Calavera and the Mahr Reservoir will be considered to reduce the impact of the peak month demands. The reclaimed market is now limited by the peak demand that occurs in July and August. By storing water in lower demand months, an overall larger market can be served during peak demand periods. As discussed in Chapter 7, the useable volume in Lake Calavera may be limited to 240 acre-feet or about 78 million gallons. By pumping water to the reservoir in late spring and early summer, this water would then be available over the heaviest irrigation demand periods of July, August and September. The Mahr Reservoir has a volume of 54 million gallons. The total available seasonal storage is 132 million gallons or 406 acre-feet. Currently, the two D Reservoirs provide for diurnal storage. The total available volume is 2.5 million gallons. Also, the ponds on the La Costa Golf Course are used for diurnal storage. The planned Rancho Carlsbad Country Club and City Municipal Golf Course would also be constructed with ponds for diurnal storage. Other existing reservoirs that might be converted for reclaimed water use are the Santa Fe I with a volume of 2.5 million gallons and Reservoir C with a volume of 1.5 million gallons. The ultimate service area flow to the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant was master planned to 3 mgd. The site may be easily expanded to 4 mgd with the potential expansion to 5.0 mgd. For 5 mgd, the loadings on the rotating biological contractors and chlorine basin would be slightly higher than original design loadings. For higher flows, additional wastewater would be pumped from the Vallecitos Lift Station No. 1 into the reclamation plant. - SWUMO\VOL4CH8.RPT 8-2 - Meadowlark Expansion Sedimentation Tanks Filters (1) For 3 mgd of reclamation flow, one additional rotating biological contactor (RBC) would have to be constructed. One spare sedimentation basin and one spare filter were constructed with the original plant. These units would be put into service. If one went down for mechanical reasons, the influent into the plant would be decreased for the period of repair. The remaining 2 mgd of capacity would still provide sufficient capacity for the wastewater generated in the Meadowlark Basin as well as provide a substantial continued source of reclaimed water. The chlorine contact basin provides over 5 hours of contact time at 2 mgd. Two hours of contact time is recommended to meet Title 22 requirements. The contact time at 3 mgd is still over 3 hours. The site plan at 3 mgd is shown on Figure 8.1. For 4 mgd, a total of four RBCs would be needed; two existing plus two new. Additional sedimentation basins and filters would be constructed. The original chlorine contact basin would still provide over 2 hours of contact time at 4 mgd. The site plan at 4 mgd is given on Figure 8.1, while the design loadings for both 3 and 4 mgd are reported on Table 8.1. This table compares the resulting loadings against the original design criteria or Title 22 criteria. 3 3 mgd @ 4 mgd 606 gwsf 606 gpdkf 600 gpdsf 3 3 mgd @ 4 mgd 4.6 gpdsf 4.11 5 gpmJsf gpdsf I Rotating Biological I 2 13mgdQ4rngd 12gpd/sf I Con tactors I Chlorine Contact Basin I 1 I 1 mgd @ 1 mgd I 3.1 hrs I 2.3 hrs 1 2 hrs I ~ I (1) Allows one backwashing -1 Wastewater Pumping As discussed previously, the wastewater generated within the Meadowlark Basin was 0.97 mgd in 1995. The remaining flow is pumped into the plant from the Vallecitos Water District’s Lift Station No. 1. The buildout flow for the Meadowlark Basin is 3 mgd, but this may not owur for many years. Expanded pumping from Lift Station No. 1 may be needed to provide increased reclamation flows beyond 3 mgd. Also, consideration must be given to capturing low period flows to produce the average daily output. The are three pumps in Lift Station No. 1 with the following characteristics: S.\43321\00\VOLtCH8 RP1 0-3 r 2 I 850 I 75 I 1 I 550 I 75 Considering the largest pump out of service, the rated capacity of the pump station is 1,400 gallons per minute or 2 mgd. The pump station output would need to be increased for a 4 mgd rated capacity of the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant. It is assumed that the Gafner Water Reclamation Plant cannot be expanded due to site and process limitations. It is further assumed that the plant will remain in service for a period of time until reclaimed water sales pay for the loans used to construct the tertiary expansion. Gafner can treat up to 0.75 mgd, and serves the La Costa Resort and Spa. As discussed in Chapter 7, the Leucadia County Water District is considering expanding the tertiary capacity. Only the existing 0.75 mgd covered by the agreement is included in this analysis. - The Shadowridge Water Reclamation Plant now serves the Shadowridge Golf Course. In the summer months, there is no excess reclaimed water available. However, for most months, there would be effluent available that could be diverted from the Buena Failsafe Line. There is an existing agreement between the District and the Buena Sanitation District providing for this diversion. The actual terms of use would be set by a supplemental agreement. During the winter months, the Shadowridge Water Reclamation Plant discharges secondary effluent to the Encina Ocean Outfall. If the District diverted the water, there would be additional cost to filter and disinfect the effluent. The District would also need to take the disinfected effluent as it comes down the Failsafe Line to prevent chlorine residual violations in the overall Encina effluent. Based on a peak day demand of 1 mgd for Shadowridge Golf Course and a similar seasonal variation as experienced within the District, the application to the golf course averages 520 acre-feet per year. This appears to be a reasonable upper-end demand. About 550 acre-feet would be available to the District over the entire year. The expected seasonal variation of this supply is given in Table 8.2. The available effluent might be stored in Lake Calavera for use in the peak irrigation demand months of August and September. 8-5 L The site available for the Encina Water Reclamation Plant is large enough for an 18 mgd facility. This is based on preliminary site evaluations and includes space for storage, equalization, and demineralization (9). The Encina Water Reclamation Plant would include the following processes: . Secondary Effluent Pumping -- a pump station would be constructed at the existing EWPCF to intercept secondary effluent flows prior to the outfall booster pump station. A force main would be used to convey the secondaly effluent south to the new facility. . Influent Equalization -- a ballast tank to level out flows to the process. This tank may be used to store secondary effluent flows with lower TDS concentrations. This concept is discussed in further evaluations. 8-6 - . Coagulation and Flocculation -- mixing processes to aggregate the secondary effluent suspended solids into larger, filterable flocs. Alum and polymer would be added to the effluent at this step. . Granular Media Filtration -- gravity filters to remove the suspended solids. Disinfection -- disinfection of the filtered effluent to kill coliform and virus. The analysis is . based on the use of ultraviolet irradiation. This process eliminates the need for gaseous chlorine, a potentially hazardous substance. . Demineralization -- reverse osmosis of a portion of the flow. This occurs upstream of the disinfection process. Cartridge filters are used upstream of the reverse osmosis membranes to prevent fouling and extend their life. . Backwash Equalization -- equalization of backwash and brine flows from the filters and the reverse osmosis units, respectively. These flows would be discharged back to the Ocean outfall. . Finished water Storage -- diurnal storage of the product water. A schematic of the process is given on Figure 8.2. The capacity of the plant would depend on the given alternative. The various sources are combined with respect to the location and demand of existing and potential users. The ultimate selection of Phase II will be based on capital cost, available funds, and resulting cost of reclaimed water as compared to other sources. - 8.10 Potential Demands I The existing reclaimed water demands utilize the entire 2.75 mgd capacity .of the combined Meadowlaric and Gafner flows. Potential demands were summarized in Chapter 6. For the entire reclaimed water service area, the potential annual demand is approximately 11,300 acre-feet with a peak month demand of 21.8 mgd. At this time, the identified users include turf and landscape irrigation. As reviewed in Chapter 5, the effluent quality from the Meadowlark Reclamation Plants is acceptable for these users. The effluent from the EWPCF and the Gafner Water Reclamation Plant have a higher total dissolved solids (TDS) than the other two plants. For the purpose of this analysis, demineralization will be included for treating the EWPCF effluent. A target concentration of 1,000 mg/L will be utilized. 8-7 a 0 - Also as discussed in Chapter 5, the EWPCF may implement source control for industrial dischargers with high TDS concentration. The current deadline for compliance is May 1, 1997. If implemented, the EWPCF effluent TDS concentration will approach the 1,000 mglL goal. The alternative analysis will include a sensitivity comparison of reclaimed water costs with and without demineralization. -. In addition to the quality issues discussed above, the following criteria has been used to develop the alternatives: 1. Treatment Gafner 0.75 3.75 2.mo Meadowlark 3.00 Meadowlark 4.00 * Meadowlark 3.00 * Lake Calavera and 2.15 2. Treatment Gafner 0.75 4.75 2,520 3. Treatment Gafner 0.75 5.90 3,160 Mahr Seasonal Storage Minimum Pressure 40 psi Maximum Pressure 100 psi Maximum Pipe Velocity Pressure Zones Treatment Title 22 Demineralization 8 feet per second Generally follow the potable water system Reverse Osmosis--50 mglL product water, 80% remvew I -. I Storage I Minimum storage to meet diurnal variations 8.13 AltematHre, Deswiption Based on the potential market and the sources of reclaimed water, possible Phase II alternatives are listed in Table 8.3. The sources of water, peak month supply capabilities, and the annual available quantity is given for each of the alternatives. A more detailed description of the alternatives is given below. S:l4332AOO\VOL4CH8.RPT 8-9 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. Treatment Market Market Market Market ze7and 1 Mahr Seasonal Slorage Meadowlark 2.00 Encina 17.2 . . . . - . . . . Gafner Meadowlark Encina WRP Lake Calavera and Mahr Seasonal Storage Gafner Meadowlark Encina WRP Lake Calavera and Mahr Seasonal Storage 0.75 2.00 15.00 2.30 0.75 3.00 13.5 2.3 Gafner Meadowlark Encina WRP Lake Calavera and Mahr Seasonal Sloraoe 0.75 4.00 11.50 2.30 Gafner 0.75 I Meadowlark 3.0 Encina WRP 4.25 Gafner I 0.75 Meadowlark 4.00 Mahr Seasonal 0.90 Storaae I 7.05 20.00 20.00 19.50 18.50 8.0 5.65 11,020 11,020 9,780 9,780 4,480 2,860 Alternative No. 1 This alternative would provide a small increase in reclamation capacity by expanding the treatment capacity of the Meadowlark WRP from 2.0 mgd to 3.0 mgd. This would entail construction of a new RBC and adding new pump station capacity. This alternative would utilize the twin ‘D tanks for diurnal storage. The ‘D tanks have a combined capacity of 2.5 million gallons. Based on Meadowlark WRPs capacity to fill the tanks during non-irrigation hours, the storage tanks can supply a flow of about 4,200 gpm or 6.0 mgd during the peak eight hour irrigation period. The peak reclaimed water flow rate from the storage tanks and Meadowlark WRP would be 6,300 gpm or 9.0 mgd. The total annual reclaimed water resource from Gafner and Meadowlark WRPs would be about 2,000 acre-ft. - S:W3ZAW\VOUCH8,RPT 8-10 - The flows would serve existing users and new users in the vicinity of the existing distribution system. The backbone of the distribution lines would consist of the existing distribution system. Reclaimed water would be pumped from Meadowlark WRP to the El Carnino Pump Station. An expanded and improved El Camino Pump Station would be used to serve the selected new users and all existing users as well as to fill the ‘D Tanks. The new pump would have similar capacity as the existing ones. The El Camino Pump Station is already fitted to accept one new pump. The Gafner WRP would continue to produce 0.75 mgd of reclaimed water for use on the La Costa Golf Course, exclusively. The reclaimed water distribution system would remain the same as shown on Figure 3.1. Alternative No. 2 Alternative No. 2 is similar to Alternative No. 1 except that capacity at the Meadowlark WRP would be increased by 2.0 mgd to 4.0 mgd. The increase in capacity would require a fourth RBC, another secondary sedimentation basin, and another effluent filter. The peak reclaimed water flow from the diurnal storage tanks and Meadowlark WRP would increase to 8,000 gpm or 11.5 mgd. The Gafner WRP would continue to produce 0.75 mgd of reclaimed water. This water would by used by the La Costa Golf Course, exclusively. The total annual reclaimed water resource would be about 2,500 acre-ft. The flows would serve the users described in Alternative No. 1 and other new users. The distribution system would be the same as Alternative No. 1, except that one more 65 HP pump would be added to the El Camino Pump Station. The pump station would require significant modifications in order to accommodate one more pump. The pump would also have similar capacity as the existing pumps. The distribution system would be same as shown on Figure 3.1. - Alternative No. 3 This alternative takes advantage of the seasonal storage available in Lake Calavera and Mahr Reservoir. By having these reservoirs full by the end of June, they can then provide flows during the highest demand months of July, August, and September. While only 406 acre feet of storage is available, by providing this flow in the peak month, the total reclaimed water that can be applied from all sources increases by a factor of about 40 percent. The Mahr Reservoir would be filled with flows from the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant in April and May. The source of water for Lake Calavera could be watershed runoff or alternatively flows from the Shadowridge WRP. In low rainfall years, the supply would need to be augmented by the Shadowridge or Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant. The Mahr Reservoir should be lined and covered for optimal water quality. The estimated storage volume for Lake Calavera assumes a minimum pool, and no lining is foreseen. Due to the time that the water would be stored, screening of the return Water as well as chlorine residual boosting with hypochlorite would be included. - 8-1 1 - For Alternative No. 3, the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant would be expanded to 3 mgd. Gafner would continue to supply La Costa at a rate of 0.75 mgd. The total resource available is estimated at 3,160 acre feet. Users have been identified that would match the available reclaimed water supply. The market has been selected to make use of existing distribution facilities where possible as well as make use of the available hydraulic head in the seasonal reservoirs. The system components for this alternative are shown on Figure 8.3. The distribution system would consist of the existing system. The existing abandoned 20-inch water line along El Camino Real would be used. The seasonal storage would add about 4,500 gpm or 6.5 mgd of peak flow capacity. The hydraulic grade line (HGL) for Lake Calavera is 209 ft. A pump station would be required to pump the water from Lake Calavera to the users in the 500 to 600 feet pressure zone. The distribution line for this service area would consist of an 18-inch pipe. The existing 20-inch abandoned water line along El Camino Real would be used as part of the distribution system. The Mahr reservoir has a HGL of 570 feet. Distribution to the lower La Costa area users (500 feet pressure zone) would be by gravity flow. The distribution network would consist of 12-inch and 8-inch distribution lines. The lower La Costa area would also be connected to the existing distribution system at El Camino Real. The distribution system for this alternative is shown in Figure 8.3. Alternative No. 4 Alternative No. 4 combines the treatment elements of Alternative No. 2 with the seasonal storage elements of Alternative No. 3. In addition, diurnal storage is used to increase the peak flow capacity. This results in the capability to provide a peak flow rate of 13,000 gpm or 18.7 mgd and a total annual application of 3,780 acre-feet. During peak flow the Meadowlark WRP would supply 4.0 mgd, diurnal storage at the 'D' Tanks would supply a flow of 4.3 mgd or 3,000 gpm, the Santa Fe I Storage Tank would provide a flow of 2.8 mgd or 2,000 gpm, and Lake Calavera and Mahr Reservoir would supply a flow rate of 6.9 mgd or 4,800 gpm. This combines to a peak flow of up to 18.1 mgd or 12,600 gpm. The Gafner WRP would continue to produce 0.75 mgd of reclaimed water. This water would be used by the La Costa Golf Course, exclusively. The distribution system for Alternative No. 4 is shown on Figure 8.4. This distribution system is similar to that of Alternative No. 3, with the addition of a new distribution network and diumal storage tank for the Carillo Ranch development. Of the 4.0 mgd of peak flow from the Meadowlark WRP, 3.0 mgd would be pumped to the El Camino Pump Station and 1 .O mgd would be pumped to the Carillo Ranch area users. The distribution lines for the Carillo Ranch area and the Lake Calavera area would be interconnected to each. r- - 8-12 - Flow from the Meadowlark WRP to the Carillo Ranch (660 feet pressure zone) area would require new pumping capacity of 1.5 mgd and about 350 feet of head. Flow from the Santa Fe Tank I to the Carillo Ranch area would be by gravity. A 4.5 rngd pump station capacity with 660 feet of head would be required to pump from Lake Calavera to the 660 feet pressure zone service area. The remaining portions of the distribution system that form this alternative are similar to that of Alternative No. 3. Flow from the Mahr Reservoir to the Lower La Costa service area would be by gravity. Alternative No. 5 Alternative Nos. 1 and 2 both included expansions of the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant. The advantages of expansion at Meadowlark include the available hydraulic grade, the lower TDS in the effluent as compared to the EWPCF, and the use of existing facilities. The disadvantage is the additional pumping at Vallecitos Lift Station No. 1. Alternative No. 5 does not include any expansion of the Meadowlark plant, but all new capacity would be provided at the new Encina Water Reclamation Plant. For the purposes of this alternative, the entire potential reclaimed water market would be served. The peak month capacity would be 17.25 mgd and a total of 11,020 acre feet per year would be used. The basis of treatment for the proposed Encina WRP was shown schematically on Figure 8.2. The secondary effluent from the EWPCF would be pumped to an influent equalization reservoir. These facilities would be sized to divert flows with the lowest TDS concentrations. The TDS concentration varies diurnally as discussed in Chapter 5. The TDS concentration is lower when flows to the EWPCF are the highest. By capturing the daily reclaimed water demand over a portion of the day, the resulting TDS would expect to be 100 milligrams per liter lower. This will result in lower demineralization capital and operating costs. The peak hourly demand for the entire market is 40,600 gpm or 58.5 mgd. This alternative will provide 17.25 mgd of flow from the future Encina WRP, 2.0 rngd from the Meadowlark WRP, and 0.75 mgd from the Gafner WRP (to be used exclusively by the La Costa Golf Course). The remaining peak demand of 38.5 mgd or 26,700 gpm would be provided by diumal storage tanks throughout the service area and also the effluent storage reservoir from Encina WRP. The storage capacity of the diurnal tanks would be able to supply the following maximum peak flow rates during the eight hour irrigation period: - Tank Volume Peak Flow Rate D-Tanks 2.5 MG 5.0 mgd or 5,200 gpm ~~ - Some future reclaimed water piping will be aligned along planned future extensions of major roads. The resulting distribution system is shown on Figure 8.5. The diurnal storage tanks need to be filled with flows from the Encina WRP and Meadowlark WRP. The Meadowlark WRP, with a C-Tank (Calavera) SW32/\0O\VOL4CH8.RPT 8-1 5 1.5 MG I 4.5 mgd or 3,100 gpm Santa Fe I Effluent Storage EWRP Total 2.5 MG 6.5 MG 13.0 M 7.5 mgd or 5,200 gpm 19.5 mgd or 13,500 gpm 39 mad or 27.000 oom - flow rate of 2.0 mgd would produce 1.67 mg for diurnal storage. The remaining 11 33 mg in diurnal storage would be provided for by the Encina WRP. Since the HGL of some of the storage tanks are lower than the pressure zones which they will serve, pumping stations will be needed as shown on Figure 8.5. Pumpingbooster stations will be required for the following facilities: C-Tank Upper La Costa Lower La Costa Poinsettia Road North El Camino 4.5 200 2.9 300 8.6 100 3.3 250 2.2 30 I Flow Capacity (mgd) I Total Dynamic Head (feet) ' Facility Encina WRP 30 I 400 - Mahr Tank 4.5 200 Upper La Costa 2.9 300 Lower La Costa 8.6 100 Poinsettia Road 3.3 250 North El Camino 8-16 2.2 300 ,- Some of the planned reclaimed water lines will also be aligned along planned future major road extensions. Figure 8.6 shows the distribution system and users for this alternative. Alternative No. 7 This alternative is similar to Alternative No. 6. The difference is that the reclaimed water market areas north of Agua Hedionda Lagoon and Upper La Costa are not served. The peak hourly demand reduces to about 52 mgd or 36,400 gpm. For this alternative the smaller reclaimed water market requires a smaller reclamation plant. The Encina WRP would be sized to handle 13.5 mgd. The diurnal and seasonal storage tanks have the same capacity and provide the same peak flow as in Alternative No. 6, with exception to the effluent storage basin which would have a storage volume of 3.4 mg and provide a peak flow capacity of 7,100 gpm or 10.2 mgd. With the exception of the area north of Agua Hedionda Lagoon and the upper La Costa area, the distribution system for this alternative is similar to that for Alternative No. 6. Figure 8.7 shows the distribution system for Alternative No. 7. Alternative No. 8 The alternative combines the capacity expansion at the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant with the construction of the Encina Water Reclamation Plant. It utilizes a combination of facilities from Alternative No. 2 and No. 7. The capacity at Meadowlark WRP would increase from 2.0 to 4.0 mgd, as was the case in Alternative No. 2. The Encina WRP would also be constructed; however, at a reduced capacity of 11.5 mgd. The reclaimed water facilities for this alternative are sized based on the existing and ultimate reclaimed water market used for Alternative No. 7. The reclaimed water distribution system and diurnal and seasonal storage facilities are also the same as Alternative No. 7 and is shown on Figure 8.7. The peak hourly demands and annual resources are 36,400 gpm and 9,780 acre-feet, respectively. These values are consistent with the demands for Alternative No. 7. Alternative No. 9 This alternative evaluates a potential first phase project to increase the reclaimed water supply and distribution system to a peak month capacity of 8.0 mgd. This alternative consists of the existing system with the capacity of the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant increased from 2.0 mgd to 3.0 mgd and constructing a 4.25 mgd Encina Water Reclamation Plant. An annual resource of 4,480 acre-ft of reclaimed water would be produced. Alternative No. 10 This alternative is similar to Alternative No. 4. It consists of the existing facilities with the Meadowlark WRP expanded to 4.0 mgd and upgrades the Mahr Reservoir for seasonal storage. The Mahr Reservoir would provide 165 acre-feet of seasonal storage. With the expanded capacity of the Meadowlark WRP this alternative would be able to provide a peak hour flow of 5.65 mgd or - - SU33ZIUYliYOLICHB.RPT 8-18 - 3,540 gpm. Annual reclaimed water resource available for this alternative is 2,860 acre-feet. The market area would consist of existing users and new users along Rancho Santa Fe Road in the La Costs area. The existing distribution system shown on Figure 3.1 would be used. Additional pump/booster stations would be provided and are included in the cost analysis. 8.14 iAlt&native Analysis This section compares the alternatives with respect to economic factors. Capital, operations and maintenance (O&M) costs, and reclaimed water purchases are estimated. In addition, sources of revenue including reclaimed water sales and Metropolitan Water District (MWD) rebates are taken into account. Basis of Costs The basis of costs are construction cost records from facilities designed by Carollo Engineers. Preliminary facility sizes have been determined based on the market demands and resulting pipe, reservoir, and pump station capacities. The pipe sizes have been determined using a network analysis program. Other factors were described in the previous section “Alternative Development Criteria.” The actual construction costs could be higher or lower based on the final facilities designed and the construction cost climate. Cost Comparison Costs for the ten alternatives are compared on Table 8.4. For each alternative, the capital, O&M, water purchase, State loan repayment, and revenue are shown. The unit reclaimed water cost varies from a low of $632 per acre-foot to a high of $1,010 per acre-foot. The lowest cost is for Alternative No. 1. This consists of a very minor improvement to the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant and maximum use of existing facilities. The projected cost of $632 per acre-foot compares well with the accounted cost of reclaimed water in Fiscal Year 1993/1994 at $676 per acre-foot. Neither of these costs reflect rebates. Considering sales and the rebate, this alternative would result in net revenues to the District. Alternative No. 2 would increase the capacity of Meadowlark to 4.0 mgd. The resulting unit cost of water increases, but because of the MWD rebate, the projected revenue to the District would increase. Alternative No. 3 would use seasonal storage in the Lake Calavera and Mahr Reservoirs to provide peak month, effective capacity. The treatment capacity at the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant would be 3 mgd as for Alternative No. 1. However, the reclaimed water that could be delivered would increase from 3.75 mgd to 5.9 mgd. This results in a total annual delivery increase from 2,000 acre-feet to 3,160 acre-feet. Because of pipeline and reservoir improvement cost, the resulting water cost is higher than Alternative No. 2 with a resulting decrease in District revenues. However, the MWD rebate would increase the revenue. - - SW32AWIVOUCH8,RPT 8-19 - Alternative No. 4 would also utilize seasonal storage with increased Meadowlark capacity to a total of 4 mgd. This results in higher unit costs and lower revenues as compared to Alternative No. 2, with no storage. Alternatives Nos. 5 and 6 both include the construction of an Encina WRP. Alternative No. 5 and No. 6, with the MWD rebate, both show a net loss to the District. Alternative No. 7 is with a smaller customer base. Capital and O&M costs for the Encina WRP and distribution pipelines are reduced. This alternative results in a nominal net revenue to the District. Alternative No. 8 combines the capacity expansion at the Meadowlark WRP with the Encina WRP. The cost savings in reduced capacity Encina WRP, relative to the other alternatives, is offset by the capital cost for the expansion of Meadowlark WRP. Moreover, there would be additional water purchase cost, compared to Alternative No. 7, for purchasing additional water from the upsized Meadowlark WRP. The costs and income for this alternative results in loss of revenue to the District. Alternative No. 9, with an Encina WRP at 4.25 mgd capacity is the only alternative with a new water reclamation plant that results in gain of revenue. 8-20 - Alternative No. 10 results in the highest annual revenue for the District. It builds upon the existing system to deliver additional reclaimed water to users in southem Carlsbad. However, this alternative does not have the new Encina WRP. Purchase of Raw Imported Water The above Alternatives 5 through 9 included the construction of demineralization at the Encina WRP to reduce the TDS to 1,000 mg/L. Table 8.5 compares the same alternatives without demineralization. Raw imported water would be purchased and blended to meet the quality objective of 1,000 mg/L. The analysis assumes imported water with a TDS of 600 mg/L. Alternatives 5A, 6A, 7A, 8A, and 9A are compared to Alternatives 5, 6, 7, 8, and 9, respectively, These Alternatives 5A - 9A do not include dernineralization. -. By using raw imported water to meet the water quality objective, not only would the RO process be eliminated, but the capacity of the Encina WRP would be down sized for each alternative. This results in a lower capital and O&M cost. Alternatives 5A, 6A, 7A, 8A, and 9A would all require additional capital cost for pipeline and distribution turnout. The savings in eliminating the demineralization process and reducing the Encina WRP capacity more than offsets this cost. However, the purchase of raw imported water increased the cost of these alternatives. Alternatives 5A, 6A, 7A, 8A, and 9A all result in loss of revenue. Tables 8.4 and 8.6 present the summary of the cost analysis for each of the alternatives. The costs in Table 8.6 reflect the imported raw water alternatives. Comparison of Alternatives As summarized in Tables 8.4 and 8.6, there is a wide range of costs and potential usage for the alternatives. This results in varying levels of net revenue or cost to the District. S 14332AOO\VOL4CHB RPT 8-24 - 1) The alternatives using the existing infrastructure at the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant, the Gafner Water Reclamation Plant, and the Lake Calavera and Mahr Reservoirs would result in the greatest net revenue to the District. However, the District may choose to implement one of Alternative Nos. 5 through 9 as part of an overall, water resources Strategy. 2) In comparing Alternatives Nos. 6 and 7, it would not be cost-efficient to implement reclaimed water in the older, northern area of the City. This is due to the high cost of distribution lines in this developed area. 3) Blending large amounts of imported water to reduce the TDS of the total reclaimed water supply appears to be cost-effective. However, the net revenue to the District would decrease because of lower MWD rebates. Further, the effluent TDS from the EWPCF may decrease in the future as discussed in Chapter 5. A significant TDS contribution comes from seven industrial dischargers. These dischargers have entered into Enforcement Compliance Schedule Agreements. These require a reduction in TDS discharge to 1,500 mg/L by May, 1997. This deadline can be extended by two years to coincide with implementation of a water reclamation plant at Encina. This action would decrease the EWPCF effluent to a level close to 1,000 mg/L. 4) The MWD is preparing a salinity management study. The purpose is to manage the salt load to all its customers. If implemented, the mineral quality might improve to a level that would reduce home water softener use and therefore reduce wastewater TDS to acceptable levels. This study is scheduled for completion in 1997. 5) The MWD rebate of up to $250 acre-feet is an important part of the District’s revenue stream in comparing the alternatives. Tables 8.7 and 8.8 show the net District revenue with no further rebate other than the existing Phase I program for 1,500 acre-feet. Under this scenario, only the alternatives with expanding the existing facilities would result in net revenue to the District. However, it is expected that the MWD will continue the rebate program under their Local Resources Plan. 6) Grant monies may be available from the Bureau of Reclamation. These monies would reduce local project costs and the amount of the MWD rebate. Therefore, the grants have a positive benefit to the entire region. They can reduce financing costs, but would not reduce the net cost of the reclaimed water. 7) The use of the seasonal storage reservoirs appears to be cost effective for the ultimate program. However, their use may not be cost-effective for the smaller programs. This can be seen by comparing Alternatives Nos. 1 and 2 to 3 and 4. The annual balance decreases when seasonal storage is used. 8) Alternative No. 9 is the most cost effective alternative that incorporates a new Encina Water Reclamation Plant. This alternative may be a potential first phase project to expand the reclaimed water supply and distribution system. Future phases may expand the system to the capacity described in Alternative No. 7. S\4332AWiVOL4CHB RPT 8-26 Recommended Alternative Alternative No. 7 is recornmended as an ultimate reclaimed water system. The facilities in Alternative No. 7 would provide a reclaimed water resource of 9,780 acre-feet per year. The treatment and storage facilities would be able to meet a peak demand of 18.5 mgd. Alternative No. 7 can be implemented in multiple phases, beginning with the expansion of existing treatment facilities and extension of the distribution system. The facilities described in Alternative No. 9 may be an intermediate phase prior to full expansion to the ultimate system in Alternative No. 7. As shown in Tables 8.4, 8.6, and 8.7 Alternative 9 results in positive cash flow for the District. Expanding the reclaimed water production, storage, and distribution system to Alternative No. 9 as a first phase expansion would generate revenue that could be used to finance the final phase expansion to Alternative No. 7. Figure 8.8 shows the first phases (Alternative No. 9) of the recommended reclaimed water facilities and distribution system. This figure indicates the zones for the distribution system. - _- 8-30 .- Appendix A Proposed Wastewater Reclamation Criteria State of California Department of Health Services L ,-- K:\CMWO\d33UlO\VOL4APP.RPT state of C&Omia Memorandum - ~uc: January 18, 1996 TO: File -. . Department of Health Scrvim . . .. . .. ,.... . ~ __. Fmm: Division of Drinking Water and Environmental Management subject: Proposed Wastewater Reclamation Criteria (R-13-95) This is the most current version and was submitted to Office of Regulations on April 25, 1995 for review and scheduling for hearing. i c CHAPZZR 3 - WATER RECLAMATION CRITERIA ARTICLE 1 DEFINITIONS 6@3e;.;-Be€inihienss ----- faf--Reelaimed-Waters--Reelaimed-waEer-means-water-whiehi-as a-restt~:-ef-hreatmeat-ef-elemestie-was~ewater~-is-s~i~able-fer-a direc--bene€ieial-tlse-er-a-eenErelled-~se-hhat-we~~el-net eEhe-wise-eeettrr ----- ibf--ReelamaEien-Plants--Reelama~iea-pl~t-meaas-an arr~sgemen~-ef-elevieesi-st~.etttr+s~-e~ig~enh~-grecesses-and esn~rsis-whiek-greelnee-a-reelaimed-water-stlit~~e-fer-the iaeended-rease.; ----_ fef--Refltllatery-Ageney.;--Regtllatery-ageaey-me~a-thc €ali~s-~ia-Regiena~-Water-~tta~ity-€eatre~-Beard-in-whese jtt~i-tdiet,,ien-the-reelamaEiea-plant-is-leeatedi ----- iel~--~ireet-Bene€ieial-~ses--~ireet-bcnefieiaf-tise-means-the ttse-ef-reelaimed-water-whieh-haa-~eeea-EraRsperEe~-€rem-Ehe-peiat ef-p~sd~ee:iea-~e-.tke-peint-ef-uee-wihkettt-an-is~ervening ----- fef--Fee$-€rega.;--Fe~-ere~s-meaa-any-ereps-inten~ed-€sr kttma=-eeasttmptiea.; _--__ f€f--Spray-€rrigatien.;--Spray-irrigatien-means-applieatiea ei-raelaimeel-wa~er-~e-ereps-by-sgraying-ih-frem-eri€iees-in pipi=gr ----- fg)-- --- Sttrhee - - Xi-rigativn-.- - - - - Gttrfaee- - -h.&ga+&ofk - -means agplieaeien- e€- redaimeel- uater- hy +mane +&he~ -&a~ -spraying - stteh thaE - -e- -between- +-he- -eelibLe-w-i- -e€- any -feed- opop -and reelaiaeel-water-is-preventeel.; ----- ik~--Restrieted-Reereatienal-€m~~elment.;--Restrieted reere~tieaa~-irapswelarea~-ia-a-~y-ef-reelaimed-uater-ia-uhieh reo~t~eiea-~~-fimited-te-fiskingi-beating~-aad-ether-nen-beely eentaet,-waher-reereatiea-aeEivities.; nenro-sErieted-reereatieaal-imge~$neat-is-~-imge~dacnE-ef reolaimeel-watrer-in-wkieh-ne-~initatieas-are-imgesed-ea-~ely- eeREaer-wa~er-sgerE-aeeivi~iess ----- fjf--baAdseape-~m~~dmen~t---A-~~dseape-~~e~dmeah-is-a wAie~-s~kerwise-scrves-a-€~e~ien-aet-i~tended-Ee-iaelttele-gtlb~~e eeREaOE7 - 'eliselarge-Ee-waEers-ef-Eke-staEe.; fif--Nenres~r~eEeel-ReereaE~e~al-€mpettn~enE.;--A - beely-ef-relaimed-water-wkieh-is-used-€er-aesthetie-en~eymaat-er April 25, 1995 1 - ----- ft!~--St~aby-Wnit-PPreeesss--A-stan~y-~it-preeess-ie-an a~te~ate-~it-preeess-er-aa-equiva~eat-a~temaeive-preeess-whieh Ls-maintained-ia-egera~~e-eenditien-and-whieh-~s-eapa~le-ef grevi~ing-cemparab~e-treatmenE-fer-Ehe-eatire-desi~-f~ew-ef-the ~it-fer-whick-it-is-a-s\lbseitutes ----- tvf - Pewer- source? - - ener~n-te-eperate-~it-preeessess +eu+?ce ineene -a -=wee -of -snpp&yiag Authority cited: Section 13521. Water Code : Sections 13520 and 13521. Water Code peference cited - 3 60301.160. Cdaaulated Waste water deswed and auulo merated unstream from a filter bv the addition of suitable floc-forminu chemic- .. Bythoritv cited: Secti-21, Water Coda Reference cited: Sections 17520 and 13521. Water C0d.q - 5 Section 60301.200. Direct ~~c~al Usc .. means the use of rewed waw that been trmorted from the uoint of trewent p~: to the ppinr of use without an intervanu disc- 50 waters of the State, lDirecfflclal .. use jluthoritv cited: Sect-, Water Code Refere nce cited: Se ctions 13520 and 135 21. Water Code - 7 .2X. ois~cted S- - 23 Reclaimed Wata .. - reclaimed wun means reclaimed ected so that the mea ria in the dlsmfected *. effluent does not exceed an MPN of 23 Der 100 rn- the bacteriolcuical results of the last seven daw fa whrch analvses h ave been comuleted and the mer of tot a1 bacteria does not exceed an MPN of 240 Der 10 0 a. rs in more than one samule in anv 3 0 dav D eriod, ' oritv cited: Section 13521, Water Code - Reference cited: Sections 1352 0 and 13521. Water Co de 9 60301.240. DrU the amount of water that escaues to the ter droD1ptS fro m a coolina svste m. ,-- tv cited : Section 13521. Water Cod- - Ref eren ce cited: Sect~ions 1.75 20 and 13521. W ater Code 11 Section 6030-0. mal plumbed Svsten either of the followinu umoses; (a) (bl L andscaRe irriuation at uvidual residenceg To sem e rnultmk wlumbinu outlpts used bv the DU blic within a build- , Futhoritv cited: Section 13521. Water Code E€% a -~ 13 mt-n n anv twe of buildina or stnctUre. or a defincd area of soecific uublic use that rete ives water foz domestic use from a DUC water svstem ae defined in Section -th and SdfetV Code and ues or DrnDoses tQ ytilize a dual olumbed sy stern, .. .. fiuthoritv cited: Section 17521. Water Cod- Bference cited: Sections 13520 and 13521. Water Cod% - 15 Section 60301.330. Food Crow N CroDs. means anv crous Lntende d for human consumtion, Authority cited: Section 13521. Water Code - E f 2w d 17 . Authoritv cited: Section 13521, Water Code _- Beference cited: Sections 13520 and 135 21. Water Co de 19 L 60301.620. No-ted Recrew Imuoundma Inmoundmen*" means an med water. in which no lim-ons arc .. rmuosed on bodv - contact water recreatiow act ivit ies Autho ritv c ited: Section 13521. Water Cob Reference cited: Sections 135 20 and 13521. Water Cod- 21 S*ction 60301.650. Oxidized waste wa t PX .. mcewater. means waste wa -u zed. is natrescible. and contau assolved oxvuen, Authoritv cited: Section 13521. Water Cob Reference ci 521, Water Code ted: Sections 13520 and 13 - 23 c Section 60301.710. Reclamation Pm of devicee which uroduce 13521. Water Cod& Reference cited: Sections 13520 and 13521. Water Code - 2s n 60301. 750. Restr icted Access Golf Courss cted access aolf course a aolf course where public acpess is controlled so that areas -t~ed with wvaround. or school vard and where *iaatinn is cQndyted & XL areas dur ina Der iods when the aolf c oursc is not bu - a .. warrrmt be used as if thev were Dart of a ritv cited: Section 13521. Water Code - Fefe- ect io ns 13520 an d 17521. Water Co& renee ci e . 27 60301.800. mav Irrm s the auulicatlon of rewed watec fo crqg. tQ -a in veaetation or SUDDO~~ arowth of' veae- no it from suri&lers or orifices in 0-a. SDrU on does not include driu irriaatiok .. .. Jiuthoritv cited: Section 11521. Water Code Pefere nee cited: Sections 13520 and 13521. Water Code - 29 on 60301.900. Unwectcd SecQUdarv Reclaimed Watrz .. .. water" means 0x1- watlte wat Qt. Buthoritv cited: Sectim 13521. water Codc Reference cited: Sections 13520 and 13521, Water Cod% - 31 Authoritv c ited: Se ctmn ' 13521. Water Code Reference cited: Sections 1352 0 and 13 521. Water Code c Puthoritv c ited: section uS2l. Water Code Reference c ited: Se ctions 13QO and 13521. Water Code 35 Authority cited: Section 13521. Water Code Reference cited: Sec tions 1352 0 and 13521. Water Co de -- 37 c Y cited: Section 13a. Water Code - Refe- rente c e . actions 13520 and 13521. Water Code 39 .- Sectiea-683fS~--h~dseage-lmgetlllelmcaC Ree~ainea--uaetr-~-~-a--seFlree-~€-~~-i~-a--~andscape impeudment- &bL - be- -at - A& - times- -an - edequ&4y-disia€eetedi exidisad- - wastewater-.- - - - - The--wastewater--&alA---be--eeaaFdered adeq-uata&y--&eijtkcted --i+-at--seme--heat-hn --i*-tht-trcatmeae peeess-thomtdiarr&r -e€ -ee~i€efi-orgarri~me-~-noD-exeeeel 23 - ~-kQQ-rniUi&iheI-s~ - -debermineel- from +-he -baekerie€egical res~~trs--ef--~he--€asb--?--days--fer--whieh--ana€yses--kave--beea empiebed+ ritv cited: Section 17521. Water Co& Reference cited: Sections 13520 and 13521. Water Code; 41 Section 60303. Us p of Reclaimed Wu for Irrm [a) Recb ' red wine? be a disrnfe .. water used for the irrmtion of t& t coawon 3eed not be used as Dart of the trca- 50110 cted tertian rumed war-r exca wocess iatv of the infhenf to the filta .. vided the curb oes not exceed 5 NTu more than 5 oercent of the time; (11 Food CZODS where the reclaimed water comes into conzact with the edible vortion of the croD. jnciudes all edible root crons, Thh .. Ul man d Dlavaroa rn SGhcol varQ i M Res-dential landscaving 15) unrestricted access aolf courses 16) MV ?the- .. .. r irrlqatw use not sDeC1 Le in .. - and not Dro-ted bv other sectioIlg of Lk Galifornia Code of Remlations, (b) Recla he:! water uped for the irruinn of food crppa where the edible oortion is mowed ah e -d and not - i med water. secondarv 2.2 recla followinu shall b ea t least d-f ected secondarv 23 reclaimed water ; .I .. V ss (C) Recl ' r! ed water used for the yrioation of the rP W - .. - *. (1) Cemecerieg 12) Frenwav 1 andscavu (3) (4) Ornamenral wezv stock and sod farms where (5) Pasture for animals Drodu cina milk for hum an Rest'icted access qolf =Our sea access bv the aeneral vubhc 1s not restricted ~onsumot ioa (6) Anv nondible veaetat ion where access is ed area wot be .. controlled so that the rrriqat .. as if it were Dart of a TW& Dlav- Schcol vard (d) Recl aimed waste water used for the irriuation of t;hr .. ~ W' .'f - k!aLzL . use of Reclaimed Water For ImDound ment 9 (al Exceut as Dro vid-d in subs ection (b), reclaimed water e disinfecte d terrbzv recued water tu water sumlv for westr cted tertiarv reclaimed water that has not; im d wa -1 imuoume nts orovided the recla e ter is monitored for the ure sence of uathoaenic oroan isms in accordance with the follo wina: ysed a= a apytce of icted recreat- .. bas been subiected to con ventional treatment, (b) .. recei 'V edional treat m mav be u 8 ed for naestricted _(I) Durinu the first 12 months of oueration and uq- the reclaimed alvzed monthlv fpy: the water shall be samuled and an dardia. enter ic viruses, and cmto suoridium . Followino first 12 months water sh all be sa mDled and analvzed crvotosuoridiu m. The onaoino monitor ina mav be discont- after the first t wo vears of ouerat ion with the avuro val of t& deuartment. This monjtorina shall be in addition to the monitorino set f orth in Section 60321, (2) The s owinq water a uoint foll W reclaimed amules shall be taken at nint ke the enters the use imuoundment. The samle s shall be analvzed bv an suuro ved labor atorv and the results sub mitted aua rterlv to the - JC) The total coliform bacteria concentrations in rec- water used for-restr icted recreatiod inmound ments I measured at a point between the disinfection urocess and the uobt~ of entlv to the use imuoundment. shall comulv with the criterig suecified in section 60301.230 (b) for disinfec ted t ertiaq +.eclaimed water, (d) Recla imed water used as a source of SUDOlV fpr restricted recreat ional imoundments and for anv uublicly hatcheries shall be at least; disinferfed second am-2.2 reclaimed water. (el Recla imed water u sed as a s ource of s UUDlV fOZ landsc-e imDoundments that do not ut ilize decor ative fountab shall be at least d isinfected second arv-23 recla imed water, .. auarterlv for oiarda. enteric viruses, of us e, the reclaimed .. e. Authoritv cited: Section 13521. Water Code Pefe rence cited : Sections 1352 0 and 13521. Water Code 45 60306. Use of Reclaimed Water for 0- Reclaimed water used for the follo winu shall be Dot be used-ar t o f the treatment uro C ess uro V' ided t& of the influent to the filters does not exceed 5 wgy we than 5 oercent of the rime; ed tertiary recla imed water exceut that coast ion (1) Flushina toilets and urin4lg (2) (7) Inmrocess water that mav come into .. drain traug .. contact with workerg (41 Structural fire fiw (5) Decorative fountains (6) Commercial la- (7) Consolidation of bac-und ootable wa t ex fa) Art ificial snow makina for commercial outdoor use 1 9) Commercial car washes W here the W ashinu is noL done bv h and and where the qen-r a1 uubl&~ exclud ed from the washina urocess, Ib) Reclaimed water used for the follo wino uses shall be at least disinfecte d sec ondarv-23 recla imed water; 11) Industrial bojJer feed (2) Nonstructural fire fiuhta (3) B ackfill consolation around wotable D iDinq (4) Soil comactioq (5) Mixina concret!: 16) Dust control on roads and streets 17) Cleanina roads, 8 idewal ks and outdoor work areag L 47 3. USE Use Area Reauirementg .. ion with dimected tertian recla&& ake ulace within 50 feet of any do mestic wata water sml t lal 1l1 Fo irriuat w ~; W W' d' ' av investiuation de monstrates that an beinu drawn from and the around surface. StS at the well bet ween the uDDenost 1B The well contains an annular seal th at exten& (C) Thr! well is house d to ur event anv reclaimpd water from the surface into the auui tard , SsJav ... fro m comina into contact with the well- +s conto ured to allo w surface water to dra in awav (El The owner of the well auuroves of the el iminat ion d tert iarv , r eclaimed No imuoundment of disaecte within 1 00 feet of anv do mest ic water sum& Iu water shall Occur XeLL (b) No -hation with. or imound ment of. disinfected Becondam - 2.2 or d isinfecte d secondarv - 23 rec laimed water su take ulace ww 100 fee t of an y domestic water supplv well IC) ndisinfected 0 t NO nuation * * with, or im UOI& ment of. u * r wa a wi Id) Anv use of reclaimed water shall co mu lv with the ediatelv around the wel- om the well, .. &mest ic water sypplv well followinur (1) . Anv irriuation runoff shall be mined to thr reclaimed water use area unless otherwise authorized bv the reaulatorv aaencv, .. (2) Surav, mist. or runoff shall not enter a -~ ~~ ~~ ~~ u. desiqaated outdoor eat-, or a f ood h an dlinq facilitv, 49 CLE 4 DUAL PL- (a) No nerson 0th- a reclaimed water aaencv shau fb) N o recla imed water aaen- deliver reclaimed wata o Grouo R occuuasies as defUled in the uniform 85 Edition) or gnv facilitv for the oroduca gr Drocessina of food Droducts or be Thiedoss no€ ck bar in a facilitv whose uru veraaes , e uroduction or vrocessina of foodg or beveraues (c) .. del iv er reclaimed water to a facilitv, *. .. No reclaimed water aawiver recwed wata m unless the reoort ed oursuant to Section 13522.5 of the Water Code. whia to a fa cilitv usina a dumbed svste peers the criter ia set forth in Sect ion 60314. has been submitted go the reug,&aL 51 whoritv Cited: Sections 17521 & 13522.5 Water Code a&.- Reference Cited: Sections 13m 13522.5. 13523.1. 13553 and 4023.3 €lea- Safetv Code US54 Wafer CQ& 53 60316. Ouer- fa) mor to t-tial oDerab of the re-r gyBtrrn -v thereafter. the dual Dlumbed svstem withip each facilitvd The red- wata use area shall be i-ed for nossrble crosg Le -The fou test inu shall be ducted in Gcorbce wi&h the method described in the reDon submitted to Section 60314. The mections & the testinu su be DerfOned bv v the Califprnia Water Work a cross cqI1Ilection control sDecialist certifM -Nevada Seaon of the Ameucan &sociation or bv another edtv has been aDroved bv tk ent . A written reoort docu rn- -e t 1 S den arxment w' ia 'n 30 davs follo winu comaletion of th e Pstinu, lg, The reclai med water aaencv swifv the deDarte gf anv incidence of backflow of reclaimed water into tha Dotable Bter svstm within 24 hours of the funu of the incident, ... with tha Dot able water svstem. also be tested for Dogai311e cross cgDnections .. .. -1 IC) Anv ba ckflow ore vention de vice installed t o protect tk m c water svstP m shall be inspected and uained ce wi -utle e 1 7. Authoritv C ited: Sectinns 13521 Water Code and 4 023.3 H ealth ad Peference Cited: Sect- 13521. 13553 an d 13554 Water cob - _- 55 60321. Saws and Analvsig .. .. - - ddkd i W a L The S-PS SU A a m amroved uratorv, (b) . cted tertian recl aimed water shall be uslv samled for turbditv usma a contwous turb- mter and rec0-t .. ~r10r to fil€.?ation aaxLudn 0110 ino and reco r-o of the t-iditv strb charts or co mnutey wino filtration. Turbiditv measure- shall be based on a records at four-hour intervals at least once Der dav. cornnliance JE dailv average ouer a ti 'n q turbiditv be detrpnjned by the results of all f 0- ur hour t-iditv samlps read with t *vera . The results of the d ailv a veraoe turbi- orted monthlv to the reaulatory once dailv for total colifonn bacreria. .. *. .. .. .* .. .. aaencv. producer or s uwlier of the r eclaimed water. (C) The reauired sa- be conducted bv the - Authoritv cited : Section 135 21. Water Coda Reference cited: Sections 13520 and 13521. Water Code - 57 i4)m Premises where hazardous substances are handled in AG any manner in which the substances may enter the potable water system. This does not include a single-family residence that has a sewage lift pump. A RP may be provided in lieu of an AG if approved by the health agency and water supplier. which fertilizers, herbicides, or pesticides are, or can be, injected. tSja Premises where there are irrigation systems into RP Auxiliary Water Supplies Premises where there is an unapproved auxiliary water supply which is interconnected with the public water system. A RP or DC may be provided in lieu of an AG if approved by the health agency and water supplier. Premises where there is an unapproved auxiliary water supply and there are no interconnections with the public water system. provided in lieu of a RP if approved by the health agency and water supplier. A DC may be AG RP (Cl Reclaimed Water (1) Premises where the ~ubl ir water svstem is AG 12) Premises where reclaimed water is used. other than as water SUDD~ ysed to s-t the reclaimed allowed in subsection (3). a& there is intercome a with the Dotable water svstem. Be Residences usinu r eclaimed water f or landscauq maat ion as Dart of an auuro ved dual ulumbed use area astabbished Durwt to sections 60313 throuuh QJ716 unless the rec- wat-lier ow val of the local Dublic water sunoller. or the DC en V .. * m 1 of lai backflow Drotection 01 an. -. +e)-(& Fire Protection Systems (1) Premises where the fire system is directly DC 59 L .- Appendix B State Water Code .- I I I I WASTEWATER RECLAMATION CRITERIA An keorpt fmm rho CALIFORNIA ADMINISTRATIVE CODE TITLE 2L DIVISION 4 ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH 1978 STATE OF CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH SERVICES SANITARY ENGINEERING SECTION 2151 Berkelmy Way. Berkeley Sm I 1 1 I v) c Z W c z 0 0 0 m U W A a c < t 3 3 c d 6 2 E z c c Y < - c U 0 L 2 W L 1 1:- 1 1 1 I I I 1 1 I I i I I I I I 1 I b 1 I I 1 1 1 i a: E+ ui I-c I I L I " 1 I 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 .- I 1. I I i 1 1 1 I I.- <- 3 1 I il P P P. P' - e .. _: -_ ~- -1 i: r- Appendix C Water Quality Criteria APPENDIX C WATER QUALITY CRITERIA The literature contains many different water quality criteria designed to protect specific beneficial uses of water. A summary of the specific numerical water quality criteria considered by the Regional Board for designation as water quality objectives is described in Table C-1, Water Quality Criteria - Inorganic Constituents; and Table C-2, Water Quality Criteria - Organic Constituents. The water quality criteria summarized in Tables C-1 and C-2 provided the basis for the Regional Board's designation of many of the specific numerical water quality objectives described earlier in this Chapter. The water quality criteria presented in Tables C-1 and C-2 are not enforceable water quality objectives. The purpose of presenting the information summarized in these tables is to allow interested persons to compare available water quality criteria to the specific water quality objectives designated by the Regional Board described in Chapter 3. A summary of the available types of numerical water quality criteria considered by the Regional Board for designation as numerical water quality objectives are summarized below. 0 Meximum COllt8dtJMt Lev& (MCLS): MCLs are part of the drinking water standards adopted both by the California Department of Health Services (DHV, Office of Drinking Water in Title 22 of the California Coda of Regulations (CCR), Division 4. Chapter 15, "Domestic Water Quality and Monitoring" and by, the US EPA under the Safe Drinking Water Act. The State MCL drinking water standards must be at least as stringent as those adopted by US €PA. Primary MCLs are derived from the one in a million incremental cancer risk estimate for carcinogens and from threshold toxicity levels for non-carcinogens. Secondary MCLs are derived from human welfare considerations (e.g., taste or odor). Meximum Contamhant Level Goals (MCL Gods): MCL Goals are promulgated by US EPA under the National Primary Drinking Water Regulations as the first step in establishing MCLs. MCL Goals are set at levels which represent no adverse health risks. 0 State 'Action' Levels: Action levels are published by the DHS's Office of Drinking Water and are based mainly on health effects. The lo4 incremental cancer risk estimates are used for carcinogens and threshold toxicity limits are used for other constituents. 0 hpodtibn 65 Rf3&8toW lhl&S: Proposition 65 limits are established under the California Safe Drinking Water and Toxic Enforcement Act of 1986 for known human carcinogens and reproductive toxins. For carcinogens the No-Significant-Risk-Levels are sat at the one-in-1 00,000 incremental cancer risk level. 111000 of the No-Observable-Effect Level (NOEL) is used for reproductive toxicants. . National Ambient W8tW &d@ mt8?i8: These criteria are published by US EPA under the federab Clean Water Act to protect human health and welfare and freshwater and marina aquatic life. These criteria are found in: Quality Criteria for Water, 1986 - the "Gold Book"; the Ambient Water Quality Criteria volumes (1 980. 1984, 1986, 1987, and 1989); Quality Criteria for Water (19761 - the "Red APPENDIX C WATER GUALITY CRITERIA c- 1 September 8. 1994 Book”: and Water Quality Criteria, 1972 - the “Blue Book”. . Health Advikories and Werer OueGm Advisories: - . These edvisories are published by US EPA’s Office of Water. Short-term (10 days or less), long-term (7 years or less), and lifetime exposure health advisories for non-carcinogens and suspected human health carcinogens are included where sufficient date exist. Suggested No-Adveme-Response Levels (SNARLS): These human health-relatad criteria are published by the National Academy of Sciences in the Drinking Water and Heelth Volumes. Incremental cancer risk estimates are presented separately for carcinogens. . Water Quarm for Agricuhnt%: Water Quality for Agriculture was published by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations in 1985, which contains criteria protective of agricultural uses of water. . Water Quality Cdteri.3: Water Quality Criteria was written by McKee and Wolf and published by the State Water Resources Control Board in 1963 and 1978. It contains criteria for human health and welfare, aquatic life, agricultural use, industrial use, and various other beneficial uses. _- APPENDIX C WATER CIUAUN CRITERIA c-2 September 8. 1994 W 3 I- - L 0 I- a 0 - i I I I I I I I I i I -i- I i i I 1 1 I I - I' I 1 i I - OIL! 5) SI - P : c ! I I 1 I I I t I I ! I I i i t I e i 2 i : : 1 5 L i : : E e e : a z c I j : ! i i ! 2 : 5 i 1 i : E : i ; : a i i 0 z c3 CT 0 z I. a I -a E a W I- 0 > I- 3 d er W I- - - < s . r (1, c L f - n d 7 I I 0 * I- i 3 d a t d ! li 8 D - E! E c) W II 2 c K 0 LL v) W c - IO n Jt z z W : a E : . P 3 s tn I- z W 3 I- F: tn z 0 0 0 0 p! 0 5 a - c I t I i i i i i i 4 4 _i J i i I - I I 0 n 2 v) 0 z c3 K 0 - a N W ci m I- a K 0 LL v1 W c Y n a UI n^ . t F i . - Appendix D Existing Water Reclamation for Leucadia County Water District, Vallecitos Water District STATE OF CALIFORNIA-CALIFORNIA ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION AGENCY PETE WILSON, Governor CALIFORNIA REGIONAL WATER QUALITY CONTROL BOARD SAN DIEGO REGION - *'71 CUIREMONT MESA BOULEVARD. SUITE B DIEGO. CA 92124.1331 .PHONE I6191 467-2952 .. I March 19, 1993 Ms. Joan Geiselhart General Manager P.O. Box 2397 Leucadia, CA 92024-0954 ~..- i. .. .~ Leucadia County Water- District . Dear MS. Geiselhart: Re: Certification Report For Forest R. Gafner Water Reclamation Regional Board staff has reviewed the Certification Report submitted .by Engineering-Science, Inc. for the Forest R. Gafner Water Reclamation Plant in accordance with Reporting Requirement D.12 of Order No. 87-82 and Provision C.21 of Addendum No. 1 to Order No. 87-82. Based upon the review of the report, Regional Board staff has determined that the Forest R. Gafner Water Reclamation Plant complies with Reporting Requirement D.12 of - Order No. 87-82 and Provision C.21 of Addendum No. 1 to Order No. Plant - Order No. 87-82 . . 87-82. If you have any questions, please contact Mr. Ken Nhieu of my staff at (619) 467-2970. Very truly yours, ';7,*-T Wh%& + Arthur L. Coe Executive Officer KDN cc: Mr. Dan Duprey, Project Manager Engineering-Science, INC. file: Leucadia Co. Water Dist., Forest R. Gafner WRP (01- 0206.02) . ..- - CALIFORNIA REGIONAL WATER QUALITY CONTROL BOARD SAN DIEGO REGION ORDER NO. 93-41 WASTE DISCHARGE REQUIREMENTS FOR LEUCADIA COUNTY WATER DISTRICT FOREST R.. GAFNER WATER RECLAMATION PLANT SAN DIEGO COUNTY -. . .. -_ .._ . .I . . ._. ~ .. I. .. . -. . : ~ ... ... . -' The California Regional Water Quality Board, San Diego Region (hereinafter Regional Board), finds that: 1. On May 21, 1979, this Regional Board adopted Order NO. 79- - District, Forest R. Gafner Water Reclamation Plant, San 35, Waste Discharge Requirements for Leucadia County Water Diego County." Order No. 79-35 and addenda thereto established requirements for the disposal of treated domestic sewage to the La Costa Golf Course. 2. '' - " c-.. '. . .. 3. .. 4. - On May 4, 1987, this Regional Board adopted Order No. 87-82, '*Waste Discharge Requirements for Leucadia County Water District, Forest R. Gafner Water Reclamation Plant, San Diego County." Order No. 87-82 rescinded Order No. 79-35 and e tablished waste discharge requirements for the dispoJal of up to 0.75 million gallons per day (MGD) of treated wastewater from the Forest R. Gafner Water Reclamation Plant. Addendum No. 1 to Order No. 87-82 authorized the Leucadia County Water District to supply reclaimed water to the Carlsbad Municipal Water District from Forest R. Gafner Water Reclamation Plant tor distribution anywhere within the City of Carlsbad where the ground water quality objectives either do not apply or are 3,500 milligrams per liter (mg/l) for the total dissolved solids (TDS) . As a part of the FY 1993/94 Waste Discharge Order Update Program, Order No. 87-82 has been reviewed by the Regional Board staff in accordance with criteria established in the Administrative Procedures Manual adopted by the State Water Resources Control Board. This Order, which supersedes Order No. 87-82, consolidates and makes changes to the Findings, Requirements, and Monitoring and Reporting Program of Order NO. 87-82. On May 20, 1991, this Regional Board adopted Order No. 91- 60, "Water Reclamation Requirements for the purveyance of reclaimed water by the Carlsbad Municipal Water District, San Diego county.** Order No. 91-60 authorizes the Carlsbad .. -L- L. - ., Municipal Water District to purvey water from the Shadowridge WRP, the Meadowlark WRP, and the Gafner WRp to 1 \ the portions of the City of Carlsbad. 5. The Forest R. Gafner Water Reclamation Plant (Forest R. Gafner WRP) i5 located at 1960 La Costa Avenue, which is immediately upstream of Batiquitos Lagoon, Sections 35 and 36, T12S, R4W, SBB&M. 6. The Leucadia County Water District (hereinafter discharger) reports that up to 0.75 MGD of treated effluent is currently discharging to the Encina Ocean Outfall. The discharge of effluent to the Encina Ocean Outfall is regulated by this .Regional Board's National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit for the Encina Ocean Outfall. ?.-I The discharger reports that the proposed tertiary treatment ' facilities will be located within the existing plant site and will provide full Title 22 treatment for unrestricted use. The tertiary processes will consist of chemical addition and rapid mix, flocculation, clarification, filtration, and chlorination. 8."- 'The discharger reports that all sludge from the primary and secondary clarifiers is pumped or flows by gravity to the Leucadia Pump Station where it becomes part of the wastewater flow which is pumped to the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility for secondary treatment and ocean discharge. The discharger reports that the existing treatment facilities consist of an influent grinder, a primary chlorine contact tank, and a 800,000 gallons on-site - 9. -clarifier, a trickling filter, a secondary clarifier, a .is on site that is not currently being used. :-& effluent storage reservoir. In addition, a sludge digester -- - - 10. The discharger reports that the headwork, primary clarifier, and trickling filter are covered with aluminum domes for odor control. kir from these processes and from -. the Leucadia pump Station is transferred to a soil filter I - treatment facilities are provided as a back-up to the soil -- ~ filter bed. 11. Order No. 87-82 prohibited the discharger from discharging treated wastewater to the La Costa Golf Course reservoirs from November 1 through March 30 because the reservoirs do not have 100-year 24-hour flood and runoff protection. However, because of the drought, the Executive Officer of this Regional Board issued a temporary waiver authorizing the discharge of treated wastewater to the reservoirs until .bed for odor removal treatment. Activated carbon air -- - L Oraer No. 93-41 - -3- the end-of March 1993. In addition, the discharger was required to submit a technical report addressing the impact to the surface water when an overflow occurs. - -~ - 12. On August 19, 1991, Engineering-Science, Inc. submitted a ..- . -technical report, on behalf of the District, to request a relaxation of the 100-year 24-hOUr flood protection for the reclaimed water storage reservoir located at the La Costa Golf Course. reservoir will not cause adverse water quality impacts 2- because: 1) Flooding of the reservoir occurs infrequently, .. 2) Reclaimed water quality will be high, and 3) During flooding events, peak stream flows will dilute any reclaimed water discharge to the creek due to the flooding. The ' report, however, did not provide a quantification of the , possible water quality changes.to the receiving water during intermittent overflow of reclaimed water will not impact ' surface water quality, this Order requires a periodic surface water monitoring and intense monitoring during any overflow. In addition, this Order requires the District to implement appropriate and reasonable measures to prevent discharge of reclaimed water from the reservoir to San The measure will include the termination of the discharge to the reservoir when there is potential €or overflow. The existing disposal areas are located in the Carlsbad (4.00) Hydrologic Unit (XU) and in the following Hydrologic Areas (HA) and Subareas (HSA): _. . . The report stated that flooding of the -. -. .. - .. .. : . .. I flood conditions. In order to substantiate that the .. ____. ._ Marcos Creek or Batiquitos Lagoon. - 13. a; Buena Vista Creek (4.20) HA, El Salto (4.21) HSA within the City of Carlsbad; the City of Carlsbad; .- " .. . b. '. Agua Hedionda (4.30) HA, Los Monos (4.31) ESA within -8, c. Encinas (4.40) HA within the City of Carlsbad; d. San Marcos (4.50) HA, Batiquitos (4.51) ESA within the e. San Marcos. (4.50) HA, Richland (4.52) HSA. Diego Basin (9) (Basin Plan)", was adopted by this Regional Board on March 17, 1975 and subsequently approved by the State Water Resources Control Board (State Board). Subsequent revisions to the Basin Plan have also been adopted by the Regional Board and approved by the State Board. City of Carlsbad; and 14. The "Comprehensive Water Quality Control Plan Report, San -4- 15. The Basin Plan established the following beneficial uses of - ( surface water and ground water in the El Salto (4.21) €EA, the Los Monos (4.31) HSA, the Encinas (4.40) HA, the . Batiquitos (4.51) HSA, and the Richland (4.52) =A: _I .. .~ . Nola: 0 Pcrential benefiaal uses. X Exjsring beneficial uses. - 1 Those beneficial uses do not apply weserfV of m0 easterly boundary d Iho righld-my of homm. lgghway 5. The bonofiaal uses for the remainder of the hflmlogic area uo as shown. 2 These beneficial uses designdons appiy to the po&n of subarea 4.31 triRMy to @a H.dbnda Crd dowsUoam from the 8 Camino Real Crossing. except lands InaVrafy to Manario Canyon (located direaly sa*her(y of Evans Poim). land directly south of Agua Hedionda Lagoon. and areas wed d lntorslttr !4ghway 5. 3 These benefldal use designabns apply to tho ponion of subarea 4.31 banded on Iho mt by (ho easterly kundy of the Interstate Highway 5 right-of-way: on the east by tho easletfy bauduy d 0 CMU’M Rd: and on Iho mnh by a line extending &ng the xxnherly edge of Agua Hedionda Lagoon m (ho om* dgo of (ho Agua Hedionda Lagoon. thence in an easterly diroaion to Evans Poinf, thonco oasledy 0 B Cunino Real Jag tho &go Enol separating Lenerbox Canyon and the uea draining to Marcarlo Canyon. 4 These beneficial use designations apply Io the pdon of subarea 4.51 bounded M If10 rarth by the mnh shore of 8adquicos Lagoon. on the wed by tho easterly boundary ol tho Interstate Hghway 5 qM4way and on tho east by the easterly boundary of 0 Camino Real. S Tho.benefiaal uses do MI apply to hydmbgic subarea 4.51 and hyddogic subarea 4.52 between Highway 78 and EI Camino Real and to all lands wWch drain to MoonUghl Creek and Encinitu We& Th. bonelbal usas for the remainder of tho subarea are as shown. 16. The Basin Plan established the following water quality objectives for the,El Salto (4.21) HSA, the Las Monos (4.31) HSA, the Encinas (4.40) HA, the Batiquitos (4.51) HSA, and - the Richland (4.52) HSA: - uraer NO. 33-41 -5- - .- - CONSTITUENT Note: mgA - milligrams per liter * Concentrations of nivogen and phosphms. by themsElveS or In comblnaikn with ofher Nuieno. shall be maintained at not exceed 0.05 mpl In any stream a( the point where It enters any ressrvoir of lake. nor 0.025 mgl in any resewcir or lake. A desired goal In flowing wafers appears to be 0.1 mg,l total P. These are mtM be ~~cded more than 10% of the time unless SNdies of the spedfic water body in question Clearly show tha~ water quaity ObjeCriM changes are pErtnhiblE and changes are approved by the Regional Board. Anabgous threshold values have not been SEI for nitrogen compoonds. hWEver. natural ratios of nitmgen to phosphorus are to be detem'ned by tutveillance and monitorinq and NN - Nephebmevic Mbidity unils iEVek below lhO5E Which SIi~lllJlaIE Z@E and ErIIErgeflt planC grOWlh. ThrEShdd t0td phCS#lOlUS (P) miXEnIdOnS shall - ~ Upheld. If data are laddng. a af0 Of NP - 10:l SMI be Wed. 1 The water qUakty objectives do not apply Westeriy of the easterly boundary Of hltErslatE MghWay 5. The obj&VES for the remainder of the hydrologk area (subarea) are as shown. InCef~rate 5 tightof-way and on the east by the easterly boundafy of 0 Camim RE& subarea 4.51 and 4.52 benveen Highway 78 and El Camino Real and to all lands which drain to Moonbghl Creek and Endnitas Creek The objectives for the remainder of the hydroQIc area (subarea) are as shwn. The water quality objectives apply to the panion of Subarea 4.51 bounded on the sOUh by the wRh shore of EalQuitcs Lagoon. on the 4 The water quaGty objectives apply to I~E portion of Subarea 4.51 bounded on the ~oUM by the mrth shore of Eatiquitos 2 The waIer quality objectives apply to the portion of Subarea 4.31 bounded on the Wesi by the ESIEW bcunded of the 3 The water quality objectives do ~t apply westerly of the ~a~l~riy boundary Of ht~~~lat~ Highway 5. the IiyhIcgk WESt by the EaSIerly boundary of the interstate 5 right-of-way and on the BM by tho easterly bOundq Of 0 Gamin0 Real. Lagoon. On the WeSI by the easterly boundary of the lntersIatE 5 rlght-Of-Way and On the BM by the Ea~IErly boundedy Of El Camino Real. Detailed salt balance studies are recommended for this area to dEtEIminE limiting mineral cwcenuation IEVE~ for discharge. On the basis of exisring data. the Iabuhted objectives would pmbably be maintained In mcst areas. Upon completion of the salt balance studies. significant water quasty objective revisbns may be necessary. In the interim period of time. projects of grwnd water recharge with water quality inferior to the tabul~ed numetid vabes may be permined tollawing individual review and approval by the Regional Board if such projects do not degrade existing ground water quality in the aquifers affeded by the recharge. 5 Note: This only applies to 4.40. ' r' -6- .. . .. ~ - .. . 17. The Basih Plan contains the following prohibitions which are (::. - . . - - . . . k applicable to the discharge: --"Discharge of treated or untreated' sewage or industrial .- - .. :----.__-_...wastewater, exclusive of Gooling water or other waters which i '. - -:.. .:- ' are chemically unchanged, to a watercourse, is prohibited except in cases where the water quality of said discharge : complies with the receiving body water quality objectives." i "Discharging of treated or untreated sewage or industrial surface flow or ponding on lands not owned or under control : of the discharger is prohibited except in cases defined in the previous paragraph and in cases in which the --- -- ;.. . , I i .. I I .: :: ;. ' ... o-l ..; .; c --. 1 :,; 7;~ 1 wastes in such manner or volume as to cause sustained > .,. , responsibility for all downstream adverse effects is . -. : '' ..I '. ' I ' accepted by the discharger. " : . .- 1 gitc:.; , "..i i ::r.?: .j. ; .:.,:.. . . X' . =.. : i ... ... . i into the watercourse is prohibited." .. _. .. .. 1 -- "The dumping or deposition of oil, garbage, trash or other : solid municipal, industrial or agricultural waste directly ' into inland waters or watercourses or adjacent to the watercourses in any manner which may permit its being washed "Dumping or deposition of oil, garbage, trash or other solid municipal, industrial or agricultural waste into natural or -I ,y-o.-excavated sites below historic water levels or deposition of .; such site has been specifically approved by the Regional '.18: All reclaimed water will be used in hydrologic basins having no ground water quality objectives or a ground water quality .! ,.; :. objective for TDS of 3,500 mg/l. .' the TDS concentration in the reclaimed water.not exceed a 30-day average of 400 mg/l over the supply water or a daily maximum of 1,500 ng/l. objectives for these areas were deleted or relaxed by the Regional Board in accord with the requirements of Resolution .:.68-16 and other requirements of the California Water code, .. in order to encourage the use of reclaimed water in these The discharge is not expected to cause the ground '- '"-water quality objectives in any of the basins to be .. --. ...- :;..; 2.'" -_ - . . __,. ,'-soluble industrial wastes at any site is prohibited, unless .. ^.. . I . . .. .i . ._ .=. Board .. . €or that purpose." ,.I-. . . . - . .... . This Order requires that Basin Plan ground water quality .. . areas. exceeded. '7 ...4..iii-. "'authorized under this Order will be in conformance with the applicable Basin Plan ground water quality objectives. The discharge of reciaimed water to the areas authorized by ..this Order is in conformance with Resolution No. 68-16, The discharge of! reclaimed water to the areas 19. ~ .. . .. .:.luStatement of Policy with Respect to Maintaining the High -. . Quality of Uaters in Califarnia.l1 The wastewater reclamation and reuse projects that will occur in the areas authorized by this Order under.the terms and conditions of s, L - Order No. 93-41 -7- this Order will: a. Have maximum benefit to the people of the State, because in the absence of reclaimed wastewater, imported potable water would be used for irrigation of the reclaimed water use areas described in this Order; Not unreasonably effect the beneficial uses of ground water in the underlying basins; and Not cause the ground water objectives of the underlying basins to be exceeded. b. *cr I-. . -, . c. -.20. . Finding No. 21 of Addendum No.1 to Order NO. 87-82 states : :.: that this facility is an existing facility and as such is exempt from the provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act (Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq.) in --...accordance with Section 15301, Article 19, Title 14, . ::: :California Code of Regulations. 21. This Order prescribes waste discharge requirements and reclamation requirements governing the production and use of :-* 'reclaimed water, which the Regional Board has determined are necessary to protect'the public health, safety and welfare pursuant to California Water Code, Division 7, Chapter 7, Sections 13500-13550 ("Water Reclamation Lawt1) . This Order, which applies to the producer of reclaimed water, requires that the producer of the reclaimed water establish and enforce rules and regulations which apply to users, including purveyors, of the reclaimed water. An engineering report and a certification report were submitted in accordance with Provision C.21 of Addendum No. 1 to Order No. 87-02 for a flow of 0.75 MGD at the Forest R. Gafner Water Reclamation Plant. was accepted by the Regional Board Executive Officer on March 19, 1993. contained herein, considered factors including, but not limited to, the following: (a) (b) other waste discharges: (c) (a) - Past, present, and probable future beneficial uses of -. 3 9,: . .~ 22. The certification report 23. The Regional Board, in establishing the requirements Beneficial uses to be protected and the water quality objectives reasonably required for that purpose; The need to prevent nuisance; the hydrologic subunits under consideration; uraer NO. 93-41 -8- .I - I' .. (e) Environmental characteristics of the hydrologic .. ..? subunits under consideration; ', (f) . .achieved through the coordinated control of all factors Water quality conditions that could reasonably be which affect water quality in the area: - .. -.:. (9) '. Economic considerations; . . .. ~. (h) The need for additional-housing within the 'region; and . ...... ... ..... .. ...... . .... ....... ! ... .. . , .. ...- - .,, - , -, . (i) The need to develop and use recycled water.. 24.':.The Regional Board has considered all water resource related environmental factors associated with the proposed discharge .... . ..... .. - of waste. ... . __ . ...... .- ....... : . A:..::.:.,; .... ....... .. ... ... ..... ............ . -. ..... -. .. .. ?., .r .. . _. ~ ri - .~ 25. -The Regional Board has notified the Gucadia .County.Water District and all known interested parties of the.intent to prescribe waste discharge requirements for the proposed ... discharge .-. -- . . .. ... .. __ ~- -~.# .-. .;:! 26. . The Regional Board in a public meeting heard and considered -i--: :!all comments pertaining to the discharge. . . ... ".. ., .. ....... .l._ .. .. ............ ... .... .. .... ,.A<. I_. ... - .... ... . .- ... - - ... .. ...... ? .. .. ... r- - .. - .. ... ... .. .~ _. . -. .. _. . . .. .... .- -. .. - .-. . . 1 -- __ - . _- .... .... .... . .. ... .. .. .. <. . - .. .. .. .... .. ... -. . -9- - IT IS HEREBY bRDERED, that the Leucadia County Water District, - hereinafter discharger, in order to meet the provisions contained in Division 7 of the California Water Code and regulations adopted thereunder, shall comply with the following requirements for the Forest R. Gafner Water Reclamation Plant: A, PROHIBITIONS .- . ,. . ... .. . 1': i.', ; Discharges .of wastes to lands which have not been specifically described in the report of waste discharge and for which valid waste discharge requirements are . .:- , . __ ., > .. . :: : not in force are prohibited. .. . . -. 2. The discharge of any radiological, chemical or . . .. . biological warfare agent, or high-level radiological waste is prohibited. Storage, use and/or disposal of wastes in a manner that would result in ponding or surfacing of wastes on Lands of this Order, is prohibited. The discharge of wastewater shall not: (a) Cause the occurrence of coliform or pathogenic organisms in waters pumped from the basins: (b) Cause the occurrence of objectionable tastes and .. odors in waters pumped from the basins: (c) Cause waters pumped from the basins to foam; (a) Cause the presence of toxic materials in waters pumped from the basins: (e) Cause the pH of waters pumped iron the basins to fall below 6.0 or rise above 9.0: (f) Cause this Regional Board's objectives for the ground or surface waters of the El Salto (4.21) HSA, the Los Monos (4.31) EA, the Encinas (4.40) .. HA, the Batiquitos (4.51) HSA, and the Richland (4.52) HSA as established in the Basin Plan to be exceeded; : .. , _. . 3. ._ ' beyond the disposal area, as described in the findings . . ..-. . -_ .. - .. '4. . _. ,. . ... .,~ .. _.. .. .. . . (g) Cause odors, septicity, mosquitos or other vectors, weed growth or other nuisance conditions in any inland watercourse: Cause a surface flow recognizable as sewage in any inland watercourse: or .. (h) - IU - .... (if Cause a pollution, contamination or nuisance or .... MOnQS (4.31) HSA, the Encinas (4.40) HA, the .,,P ' I :' - .- .. adversely affect beneficial uses of the ground or surface waters of the'El Salto (4.21) HSA, the Los . Batiquitos (4.51) HSA, and the Richland (4.52) HSA as established in the Basin Plan. 5. A daily flow from the Forest R. Gafner Water Reclamation Plant in excess of 0.75 million gallons is .... prohibited unless the discharger obtains revised waste discharge requirements for the proposed increased flow. Odors, vectors, and other nuisances of sewage or sewage sludge origin beyond the limits of the treatment plant The bypassing of wastewater to be used for landscape irrigation which does not meet the discharge . -?t: 18.. I The discharge a€ waste in a manner other than as described in the Findings of this Order is prohibited unless the discharger obtains revised waste discharge requirements that provide for the proposed changes. Land disposal of wastewater by irrigation in areas for issued is prohibited. requirements issued by this Regional Board is prohibited. permit issued by this Regional Board is prohibited. ,;... ....... .. .... ,..: ... ., ........ .. ... 6. :site or disposal area are prohibited. .... - - . -. . 7. .:I.-. :: specifications of this Order is prohibited. ....... - ,.-.,.. ...... 4-.. .. - . - ._ . ... :' 9. - ;-.:which water reclamation requirements have not been Disposal of wastewater to land 2::: c.~.2other than as authorized by waste discharge Disposal of wastewater to waters of the :.,.:United States other than as authorized by an NPDES . i.. .. ....... .> .? - vraer NO. Y3-41 - 11 - B. DISCHARGE SPECIFICATIONS - 1. The discharge for landscape irrigation and other land disposal projects of a tertiary treated effluent containing pollutants in excess of the following _, effluent limitations is prohibited: Effluent Urnitations Constituent unit b2month Average' 13- Averape * lDaiIy Maximum ._ 1 The 12month average effluent lmilatkn shall apply to the arithmetlc mean of the results of quarterly averages of all samples CoUeaed during the previwS 12 months. 2 The.30day averdge eflhrent hitation shatl apply to the adthmetic man of the results of all samples 3 The daily maximum effluent limitation shall apply to the results of a single wmpodte or grab sample. 4 Increment over water suply based on semiannually analysis of the waIer supply. - The median number of wEform organisms shall 1101 exwed 22 per 100 milGGren and the number of mGform organisms shall not exceed 23 per 100 millilten in more than one sample within any 30- day period. Not lo exceed an average operating urbldii of 2 lurbiity units. Not lo exwed 5 lufbidii units more than 5 percent of the time during any 24-hour period. . .. -:;. .-, -- -. . . . , . . .. ., -, ' ., .! - . ~. wlleded during any 30 mnsde calendar day paricd. -. ** L, ., ,. 2. All waste treatment, containment and disposal facilities with the exception of irrigation areas and the La Costa Golf Course reservoir, shall be protected against 100-year peak stream flows as defined by the San Diego County flood control agency. facilities with the exception of irrigation areas and the La Costa Golf Course reservoir,shall be protected against -erosion, overland runoff, and other impacts resulting from a 100-year frequency 24-hour storm. The discharge to any landscape impoundment shall be 3. All waste treatment, containment and disposal 4. Order No. 93-41 - 12 - terminated whenever rainfall is likely to cause the impoundment to overflow. 5. Collected screenings, sludge, other solids removed from liquid wastes, and filter backwash shall be disposed in a manner approved by the Executive Officer. sludge is disposed of by means other than discharge to the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility or a landfill regulated under waste discharge requirements, the discharger shall submit written notification to the -.Executive Officer of the proposed disposal method. Before - -._. --_ .- ____ -- . . .--. ~. Such disposal, use or supply for use by others shall not be initiated until approved by the Executive Officer. .'- 6. . .. .. --.-. - .. - 7. ..... . - . . . . .. ..- -Effluent used for irrigation purposes shall be treated to the most restricted level in conformance with all applicable provisions of California Code of Regulations, Title 22, Division 4, Chapter 3 (Reclamation criteria) for a landscaping irrigation (currently Section 60313 (b) and 60320.5). Effluent storage facilities shall be designed, constructed, operated, and maintained so as to prevent surfacing of wastes on property not owned or controlled by the discharger. Surface runoff of any wastes which surface on property owned or controlled by the discharger onto property not owned or controlled by the discharger shall be prevented. .. . ', .. - 13 - -~ C . PROVISIONS ,-- 1. These WDRs hereby supersede Order No. 87-82, Waste Discharge Requirements for the Leucadia County Water District, Forest R. Gafner Water Reclamation Plant, sa Diego County. Neither the treatment nor the discharge of waste shall create a pollution, contamination or nuisance, as defined by Section 13050 of the California Water Code. The discharger must comply with all conditions of this Order. Any noncompliance with this Order constitutes a violation of the California Water Code and is grounds :. for (a) enforcement action: (b) termination, revocation .. . .. .': and reissuance, or modification of this Order: or (c) . denial of a report of waste discharge in application for new or revised waste discharge requirements. 4. In an enforcement action, it shall not be a defense for .. . the discharger that it would have been necessary to -. -halt or reduce the permitted activity in order to ..maintain compliance with this Order. :loss, or failure of the treatment facility, the 2. . . .. ! .I .3. .,' .. ~ .. . . Upon reduction, discharger shall, to the extent necessary to maintain ---compliance with this Order, control production or all .- 'discharges, or both, until the facility is restored or an alternative method of treatment is provided. This -" ;i. - .prbvision applies for example, when the primary source of power of the treatment facility is failed, reduced, or lost. 5. The discharger shall take all reasonable steps to - minimize or correct any adverse impact on the .- . ... . environment resulting from noncompliance with this '_ Order, including such accelerated or additional -. monitoring as may be necessary to determine the nature and impact of the noncompliance. 6. The discharger shall, at all times, properly operate -and maintain all facilities and systems of treatment and control (and related appurtenances) which are installed or used by the discharger to-achieve ,compliance with conditions of this Order. Proper operation and maintenance includes effective performance, adequate funding, adequate operator staffing and training, and adequate laboratory and process controls including appropriate quality assurance procedures. This provision requires the operation of backup or auxiliary facilities or similar systems only when necessary to achieve compliance with the conditions of this Order. .. -$ ~. >. .. - . .-.. _I : - .- .. . .. . . .- . . .. . .. .,, - .- A. - 7. .. - ..... ..... , , -. --.. ... .... .. ..... .~ ...... :a. y .. ..... - . - ....... :. .. . - .. 10. -- This Order may be modified, revoked and reissued, or terminated for cause including, but not limited to, the following: (a) Violation of any terms or conditions of this Order; (b) Obtaining this Order by misrepresentation or failure to disclose fully all relevant facts: or (c) A change in any condition that requires either a temporary or permanent reduction or elimination of - the authorized discharge. The filing of a request by the discharger for the modification, revocation and reissuance, or termination of this Order, or notification of planned changes or anticipated noncompliance does not stay any condition of this Order. %his Order is not transferrable to any person except after notice to the Executive Officer. The Regional Board may require modification or revocation and reissuance of this Order to change the name of the discharger and incorporate such other requirements as may be necessary under the California Water Code. ,discharger shall submit notice of any proposed transfer of this Order’s responsibility and coverage to a new .discharger as described under Reporting Requirement E.3. This Order does not convey any property rights of any prescribed herein do not authorize the commission of any act causing injury to persons or property, nor protect the discharger from liability under federal, state or local laws, nor create a vested right for the discharger to continue the waste discharge. The discharger shall allow the Regional Board, or an authorized representative upon the presentation of credentials and other documents as may be required by law, to: (a) Enter upon the discharger’s premises where a regulated facility or activity is located or conducted, or where records must be kept under the conditions of this Order: The sort or any exclusive privileges. The requirements \ (b) Have access to and copy, at reasonable times, any records that must be kept under the conditions of this Order: t - order NO. 93-41 - 15 - I 11. - .. 12. 15. .. (c) Inspect at reasonable times any facilities, equipment (including monitoring and control equipment), practices, or operations regulated or required under this Order: and purposes of assuring compliance with this order or as otherwise authorized by the California Water Code, any substances or parameters at any location. (a) Sample or monitor at reasonable times, for the The discharger's wastewater treatment facilities sha31 be supervised and operated by persons possessing certificates of appropriate grade pursuant to Chapter 3, Subchapter 14, Title 23 of the California Code of Regulations. A copy of this Order shall be maintained at the Forest R. Gafner Water Reclamation Plant and shall be available to operating personnel at all times. The provisions of this Order are severable, and if any provision of this Order, or the application of any provision of this Order to any circumstance, is held invalid, the application of such provision to other circumstances, and the remainder of this Order, shall .not be affected thereby. The potable water supply shall not be used to supplement the reclaimed water supply except through an approved air gap. water supply is piped to premises where sewage is pumped, treated or reclaimed (e.g., sewage treatment plants or pumping stations, golf course, etc.) the potable water supply shall be protected at the property line in accordance with the State Department of Health Services' Regulations Relating to Cross-Connections. The discharge to the reclaimed water users shall not be initiated until: a. In other areas where the potable An inspection of the facilities has been made by Regional Board staff: and b. Regional Board staff has notified the discharger by letter that the discharge can be initiated. .- LO - D. RECLAImD WATER USE PROVISIONS - 1. If the Leucadia county Water District (discharger/ producer) is supplying reclaimed water for use by parties other than the Carlsbad Municipal Water District in the areas authorized under these waste discharge requirements, the discharger/producer shall , . have Rules and Regulations for Reclaimed Water Users governing the design and construction of reclaimed water use facilities and the use of reclaimed water. The Rules and Regulations shall be reviewed and updated .. i - if necessary by the discharger/producer when a new Order or Addendum is adopted by the Regional Board, and a. Provisions implementing Title 22, .Division 4, Chapter 3, Wastewater Reclamation Criteria, and . .* .. - .1 & 2, of the California Code of Regulations; b. .- - ._ .- ... .. . ... shal1,~at a minimum, contain the following provisions: . .. .. -- -. . __ .. . .. .. Title 17, Division 1, Chapter 5, Group 4; Article .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .~ . .~ Provisions implementing the State Department of _. ... . . Health Services (DOHS) Guidelines For Use of .. Reclaimed Water and Guidelines for Use of . - . . .. .. .Reclaimed Water for construction Purposes and . . - .. . . .- .. .. - - Association (AWWA) California/Nevada Section, . . .. .. measures that are deemed necessary for protection -- -.__ -9 .. . ~ . -I .. of public health, such as the American Water works Guidelines tor the Distribution of Nan-Potable . -I .Water or alternate measures, acceptable to WHS, _- .... ..._ .-.i ._.I c_. __ ~ II. .providing equivalent protection of public health: .. -. - .. . . . - , .. . . , --. . . .- ..c. Provisions authorizing the Regional Board, the . - ,. : - - - ~. . -,discharger/producer, or an authorized -_. , . . .- .. ? - . representative of these parties, upon presentation ~ . I. -._I- - L. . ,..- . - .. - - .. 'of proper credentials, to inspect the facilities .. -_ ., .. - . I_ of any reclaimed water user to ascertain whether . .:.i.. - ,-the user is complying with the discharger/ 'producerls rules and regulations: Provisibn for written notification, in a timely manner, to the discharger/producer by the .. . . ... . .. reclaimed water user of any material change or proposed change in the character of the use of reclaimed water; Piovision for submission of a preconstruction report to the discharger/producer by the reclaimed water user in order to enable the discharger/ producer to determine whether the user will be in compliance with the discharger/producer,s rules and regulations; - .. .. - . .. .. - - - . .. . . .- . . a. -:.:--.i,.*. .. -.- - .. '. .-a_ . - . e. . Order No. 93-41 - 17 - f.- Provision requiring reclaimed water users to designate a reclaimed water supervisor responsible for the reclaimed water system at each use area under the user's control. Reclaimed water supervisors should be responsible for the installation, operation, and maintenance of the :-- . irrigation system, enforcement of the discharger/ producer*s reclaimed water user rules and regulations, prevention of potential hazards, and maintenance of the reclaimed water distribution .... ... system plans in laas builta1 form; .- ... .... ..... .. g. .Provision authorizing the discharger/producer to .. _. . violation of the discharger/producer's rules and .~~. h. : ':. Provision requiring notification and concurrence ... ;. cease supplying reclaimed water to any person who .,. uses, transports, or stores such water in .. ... .... - . - . .regulations; -. - .. - ...... - ....... 1 '' __.._._.. .-.,:. of .the State Department of Health Services and the San Diego county Department of Health Services, _.> .... Environmental Health Services for new reclaimed ..... water users. The notification of Environmental - Health Services shall include a site distribution .... ----plan for new and retrofit facilities and a cross- ... I ...... ....... -. ... containing both potable and reclaimed water ........... .. _I connection control inspection plan for sites - -. .i distribution lines; ,; . - .~ . . .._ . . ~ . ... ... . i. Provision requiring all windblown spray and surface runoff of reclaimed water applied for irrigation onto property not owned or controlled by the discharger or: reclaimed water user shall be ....... . .,- .:: -I-.- :. prevented by implementation of best management - ..>-:<.-- practices; ....... _. . - ..... .., =: j . :-.provision requiring all reclaimed water storage .. overland runoff, and other impacts resulting from a IOQ-year, 24 hour frequency storm unless the Regional Board Executive Officer approves relaxed storm protection measures for the facility; ... -. .:.. 'facilities owned and/or operated by reclaimed - ,.. ... -.a. .- ~ I_ : .:, -. - ... water users to be protected against erosion, .- .. k. Provision requiring all reclaimed water storage facilities owned and/or operated by reclaimed water users to be protected against 100 - year Diego County flood control agency unless the Regional Board Executive Officer approves relaxed storm protection measures for the facility; - frequency peak stream flows as defined by the San - La - ... 1.- Provision for notification to reclaimed water -. users that the Regional Board may initiate enforcement action against any reclaimed water user who discharges reclaimed water in violation of any applicable discharge prohibitions prescribed by the Regional Board or in a manner which creates, or threatens to create conditions of pollution, contamination, or nuisance, as . defined in Water Code Section 13050; and . .. . .. .. . . m. Provision for notification to reclaimed water users that the Regional Board may initiate enforcement action against the discharger/ the reclaimed water supply, if any person uses, the discharger/producer's rules and regulations or in a manner which creates, or threatens to create -... - . . ~ . nuisance, as defined in Water Code Section 13050. . . . . _. . . .. producer, which may result in the termination of .. transports, or stores such water in violation of . .. . : . .. . .- . _. conditions of pollution, contamination, or . I.. I . ' . . .. , : ~.. . . ~.. . .. . . -. ~. .- , . 'Diego County Department of Health Services, The revised rules and regulations shall be subject to .' .- the approval of the Regional Board Executive Officer: __ . Environmental Health Services. The revised rules and ...., ;.- the State Department of Health Services: and the San .. .. -. .. . .. .. . .' regulations or a letter certifying that the discharger/ producer's rules and regulations contain the updated provisions in the Order, shall be submitted to the Regional Board within 90 days of adoption of this Order . .. -'...by the Regional Board. . .. .. .. 2. If the Leucadia County Water District (discharger/ - . producer) is supplying reclaimed water for use by parties other than the Carlsbad Municipal Water District, the discharger/producer shall implement and . enforce the approved rules and regulations for .- reclaimed water users. Use of reclaimed water by the .- discharger/producer shall be consistent with provisions -. a. through m. in item D.1 above. In addition, the discharger/producer shall submit an annual report certifying that the users have implemented the Rules and Regulations established by the &ischarger. ,- .producer) is supplying reclaimed water for use by ' 'parties other than the Carlsbad Municipal Water District, the discharger/producer shall within 90 days of the adoption of this order, develop and submit to the Regional Board a program of Best Management Practices (BMP) for the reclaimed water users governing the irrigation practices, management and maintenance to avoid runoff, ponding, and overspray. The ~. '. 3. .. If the Leucadia county Water District (discharger/ -- .. Order No. 93-41 - - 19 - discharger/producer shall oversee that the reclaimed water users have implemented the BMP upon approval of the BMP program by the Regional Board Executive Officer . 4. If the Leucadia County Water District (discharger/ '. parties other than the Carlsbad Municipal Water -- producer) is supplying reclaimed water for use by .- . District, the discharger/producer shall, within 90 days of the adoption of this Order, develop and submit to the Regional Board a program to conduct compliance inspections of reclaimed water reuse sites to determine . the status of compliance with the approved rules and . regulations for reclaimed water users. The discharger/ producer shall implement the inspection program upon its approval by the Regional Board Executive Officer. Reclaimed water shall not be supplied to parties who use, transport, or store such water in a manner which defined by Section 13050 of the California Water Code. - 5. .. ._ causes a pollution, contamination or nuisance, as 6. Prior to using reclaimed water or supplying reclaimed water for use by other parties in any manner or in any area other than as described in the findings of this authorization from this Regional Board. - Order, the discharger/producar shall obtain proper .-. .. -. . .. . 3- e. .: ... . . . .._ _.. . . I' _. .I -' - :. .. .. .. . -. .. . .- .. .. . .. . . . .. .. ,. _. . . .. .. .- .. _. .. LU - -. I. ,i E. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS - 1. The discharger shall file a new Report of Waste t Discharge at least 120 days prior to the following: .. .. .. ._ .- .. - .. .. .. -, - I ~.. . ... . : (b) .. . .- .. . .. . .. . . ." . ._ . . . ;..< 'L .:;; . :>< ., Addition of a major industrial waste discharge to a discharge of essentially domestic sewage, or the addition of a new process or product by an industrial facility resulting in a change in the character of the wastes. Significant change' in the treatment or disposal method (e.g., change in the method of treatment which would significantly alter the nature of the waste. ) .. , .. , . 3 (c) Change in the disposal area from that described in the findings of this Order. Order. I. ..- - . .. .. ... ; -(d) Increase in flow beyond that specified in this .. .. . . .'. .. , .. -. ... (e) other circumstances which result in a material . .. . . , . . change in character, amount, or location of the .. . >:.::T -1 _- waste discharge. .-5 .- (f) Any planned.change in the regulated facility or activity which may result in noncompliance with this Order. .~ 2. The discharger shall furnish to the Executive Officer of this Regional Board, within a reasonable time, any information which the Executive Officer may request to determine whether cause exists for modifying, revoking and reissuing, or terminating this Order. The discharger shall also furnish to the Executive Officer, upon request, copies of records required to be kept by this ' order. writing at least 30 days in advance of any proposed transfer of this OrdePs responsibility and coverage to a new discharger. agreement between the existing and new discharger containing a specific date for the transfer of this Order's responsibility and coverage between the current discharger and the new discharger. This agreement shall include an acknowledgement that the existing discharger is liable for violations up to the transfer date and that the new discharger is liable from the transfer date on. 3. The discharger must notify the Executive Officer, in The notice must include a written Order No. 93-41 - 21 - - 4. The discharger shall comply with attached Monitoring and Reporting Program No. 93-41, and future revisions thereto as specified by the Executive Officer. Monitoring results shall be reported at the intervals specified in Monitoring and Reporting Program No. 93- 41. If a need for a discharge bypass is known in advance, the discharger shall submit prior notice and, if at all possible, such notice shall be submitted at least io 5. ' - days prior to the date of the bypass. 6. Where the discharger becomes aware that it failed to submit any relevant facts in a Report of Waste Discharge or submitted incorrect information in a Report of Waste Discharge or in any report to the Regional Board, it shall promptly submit such facts or information. 7. The discharger shall report any noncompliance which may endanger health or the environment. information shall be provided orally to the Executive Officer within 24 hours from the time the discharger becomes aware of the circumstances. A mitten . submission shall also be provided within five days of the time the discharger becomes aware of the circumstances. The written submission shall contain a description of the noncompliance and its cause: the period of noncompliance, including exact dates and times, and if the noncompliance has not been corrected; the anticipated time it is expected to continue: and steps taken or planned to reduce, eliminate, and prevent recurrence of the noncompliance. The Executive Officer, or an authorized representative, may waive the written report on a case-by-case basis if the oral report has been received within 24 hours. The following occurrence(s) must be reported to the (a) Any bypass from any portion of the treatment Any such -Executive Officer within 24 hours: facility. (b) Any discharge of treated or untreated wastewater resulting from sewer line breaks, obstruction, surcharge or any other circumstances. Any treatment plant upset which causes the effluent limitations of this Order to be exceeded. -- - (c) s. 0. Whenever a publicly owned wastewater treatment plant will reach capacity within four years the discharger shall notify the Regional Board. A copy of such - 22 - notification shall be sent to appropriate local elected officials, local pemitting agencies and the press. The discharger must demonstrate that adequate steps are being taken to address the capacity problem. The discharger shall submit a technical report to the Regional Board showing flow volumes will be prevented from exceeding capacity, or how capacity will be .. . increased, within 120 days after providing notification to the Regional Board, or within 120 days after receipt .: that the treatment plant will reach capacity within four years. The time for filing the required technical extension of 30 days may be granted by the Executive .. Officer, and longer extensions may be granted by the Regional Board itself. The discharger shall submit a facility operations manual within 90 days of the adoption of this Order. 10. ~11 applications, reports, or information submitted to ..'- ..I. . the Executive Officer shall be signed and certified as ' .. ._ 'of notification from the Regional Board, of a finding . report may be extended by the Regional Board. An - .- ... .- J ... . . ... . . 9. . .. .. . - . .J :.:.I .. 1 - . .; . . ..i :- follows: ,. . . .:-.:: . .(a) The Report of Waste Discharge shall be signed as follows : - - 5 ::Liz- :.- . .. .. . (1) For a corporation - by a principal executive I ., 2. . .- officer of at least the level of.vice- -. .. .. I :. . . . . president. (2) . _: respectively. For a partnership or sole proprietorship - by a general partner or the proprietor, (3) For a municipality, state, federal or other public agency - by either a principal executive officer or ranking elected official. All other reports required by this Order and other information required by the Executive Officer shall be signed by a person designated in paragraph (a) of this provision, or by a duly authorized representative of that person. An individual is a duly authorized representative only if: (1) The authorization is made in writing by a person described in paragraph (a) of this provision; Order No. 93-41 ,. .. - 23 - _. .. . .. .. - .. . * (2) The authorization specifies either an individual or a position having responsibility for the overall operation of the regulated facility or activity; and The written authorization is submitted to the Executive Officer. . ,. (3) Any person signing a document under this Section shall make the following certification: "I certify under penalty of law'that I have personally examined and am familiar with the information submitted in this document.and alX attachments and that, based on my inquiry of those individuals immediately responsible for obtaining 'the information, I believe that the information is -. . true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment." .. . .. (c) - .- .. .. ... . . .. .. . .. .. I 11. .... ~ .. . Order, or other information required by the Executive The discharger shall submit reports required under this . .. ._ .. -' Officer, to: . -. . . Executive Officer .. San Diego Region .. .. .. . ..... ..I. . ... . ,- -.* . ... . .. , California Regional.Water Quality Control Board 9771 Clairemont Mesa Blvd, Suite B' San Diego, California 92124-1331 . . ... .. . --. .. . .. -. .. .' .. ._ -. . ,. .. ... - .. .. . I. . . .. .. ; , . .. .- . . .- . . . .. .. .. _. . .~ ._ - - -. Order No. 93-41 - 24 - F. NOTIFICATIONS - 1. California Water Code Section 13263(g) states: .. - .I ,... “NO discharge of waste into waters of the State, whether or not such discharge is made pursuant to waste discharge requirements, shall create a vested right to continue such discharge. All discharges of waste into waters of the State are privileges, not rights’ 2. These requirements have not been officially reviewed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and are not issued pursuant to Section 402 of the Clean . .. : Water Act. . .. .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. .- .... . ... 3: -2 The California Water Code provides that any person who .. .discharge requirements issued, reissued, or amended by .. .. ._ remedy of up to 20 dollars per gallon of waste - . . .: :-..-..intentionally or negligently violates any waste - . . -.-..this Regional Board is subject to a civil monetary . discharged or, if a cleanup and abatement order is issued, up to ~S,OOO dollars per day of violation or The California Water Code provides that any person failing or refusing to furnish technical or monitoring reports is guilty of a misdemeanor. This Order becomes effective on the date of adoption by the Regional Board. , .- :. :.:.a: .. some combination thereof. 4. .. . - ...- . . . I_ ___ 2.. .. ,. - program reports, as required under this Order. or ::ZLZE :;falsifying any information provided in the monitoring 5. - _. - ._ . I, Arthur L. Coe, Executive Officer, do hereby certifyihe Region, on December 20, 1993. foregoing is a full, true, and correct by the California Regional Water I .. Arthur L. Coe Executive Officer .. -. .. .. I. .. CALIFORNIA REGIONAL WATER QUALITY CONTROL BOARD SAN DIEGO REGION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROCRAM NO. 93-41 FOR THE LEUCADIA COUNTY WATER DISTRICT FOREST R. GAENER WATER RECLAMATION PLANT SAN DIEGO COUNTY A. MONITORING PROVISIONS 1. Samples and measurements taken as required herein shall be representative of the volume and nature of the monitored discharge. All samples shall be taken at the monitoring points specified in this Order and, unless otherwise specified, before the effluent joins or is diluted by any other waste stream, body of water, or substance. without notification to and the approval of the Executive Officer. Monitoring points shall not be changed 2. Appropriate flow measurement devices and methods consistent with accepted scientific practices shall be selected and used to ensure the accuracy and reliability of measurements of the volume of monitored discharges. The devices shall be installed, calibrated and maintained to ensure that the accuracy of the measurements are consistent with the accepted capability.of that type of device. Devices selected shall be capable of measuring flows with a maximum deviation of less than 25 percent from true discharge rates throughout the range of expected discharge volumes. installation, calibration and operation of acceptable flow measurement devices can be obtained from the following references: Guidance in selection, .. "A Guide to Methods and Standards for the Measurement of Water Flow," U. S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, NBS Special Publication 421, May 1975, 97 pp. (Available from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. Order by SD Catalog No. C13.10:421.) "Water Measurement Manual," U.S. Department of Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, Second Edition, Revised Reprint, 1974, 327 pp. (Available from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. 20402. Order by Catalog No. 127,19/2:W29/2, Stock "Flow Measurement in Open Channels and Closed NO. S/N 24003-0027.) .- 3. 4. 5. 6. *- Program NO. YJ-41 7. - Conduits,1' U.S. Department of Commerce, National . Bureau of Standards, NBS Special Publication 484, October 1977, 982 pp. (Available in paper copy or microfiche from National Technical Information Service ("1s) Springfield, VA 22151. Order by NTIs NO. PB-273-535/5ST.) (d) "NPDES Compliance Sampling Manual," U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water Enforcement. Publication MCD-51, 1977, 140 pp. . (Available from the General Services Administration (8FFS), Centralized Mailing Lists Services, Building 41, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225.) Monitoring must be conducted according to United States Environmental Protection Agency test procedures approved under Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Part 136, 'Guidelines Establishing Test'Procedures for Analysis of Pollutants Under the Clean Water Act" as amended, unless other test procedures have been specified in this Order. All analyses shall be performed in a laboratory certified to perform such analyses by the California Department of Health Services or a laboratory approved by the Executive Officer. Monitoring results must be reported on discharge monitoring report forms approved by the Executive Officer . % If the discharger monitors any pollutants more frequently than required by this Order, using test procedures approved under 40 CFR, Part 136, or as specified in this Order, the results of this monitoring shall be included in the calculation and reporting of the data submitted in the dischargerts monitoring report. frequency of monitoring shall also be reported. The discharger shall retain records of all monitoring information, including all calibration and maintenance records and all original strip chart recordings for continuous monitoring instrumentation, copies of all reports required by this Order, and records of all data used to complete the application for this Order. shall be maintained for a minimum of five years from the date of the sample, measurement, report or application. This period may be extended during the course of any unresolved litigation regarding this discharge or when requested by the Regional Board Executive Officer. The increased Records 8. Records of monitoring information shall include: - Program NO. 93-41 .. .- - 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. (a) The date, exact place, and time of sampling or (b) The individual(s) who performed the sampling or (c) The date(s) analyses were performed; (d) The individual(s) who performed the analyses; (e) The analytical techniques or method used: and (f) The results of such analyses. All monitoring instruments and devices which are used by the discharger to fulfill the prescribed monitoring program shall be properly maintained and calibrated as necessary to ensure their continued accuracy. The discharger shall report all instances of noncompliance not reported under Reporting Requirement E.7 of this Order at the time monitoring reports are submitted. listed in Reporting Requirement E.7. The monitoring reports shall be signed by an authorized person as required by Reporting Requirement E.10. A composite sample is defined as a combination of at least eight sample aliquot of at least 100 milliliters, collected at periodic intervals during the operating hours of a facility over a 24 hour period. pollutants, aliquot must be combined in the laboratory immediately before analysis. proportional; either the time interval between each aliquot or the volume of each aliquot must be proportional to either the stream flow at the time of sampling or the total stream flow since the collection of the previous aliquot. or automatically. A grab sample is an individual sample of at least 100 milliliters collected at a randomly selected time over a period not exceeding 15 minutes. Sampling and analysis shall, as a minimum, be conducted in accordance with Article 6 of California Code of Regulations, Title 22, Division 4, Chapter 3 (Reclamation Criteria). . measurements : measurements: The reports shall contain the information For volatile The composite must be flow Aliquot may be collected manually -. B. EFFLUEP MONITORING 1. The sampling station shall be at the end of the chlorine contact chamber, where the effluent is not diluted by any other waste stream, body of water, or substance. The Leucadia County Water District shall review the Forest R. Gafner Water Reclamation Plant monitoring results for compliance with the following effluent limitations specified in Order No. 93-41 and submit a statement of corn ~11 'ance as part of Monitoring and Reporting Program No. 93-41. shall identify and report all effluent limitation violations of Discharge Specifications No. B.l. of this Order. the effluent monitoring program for the Forest R. Gafner Water Reclamation Plant specific to this Order: 2. The statement of comoliance The following monitoring program shall constitute - Program No. 93-41 Total Dissolved Solids ms/l Chloride ms/l > Sulfate mg/l C. D. 3,. The monitoring report shall indicate the flowrate and Title 22 levels being achieved in the effluent discharged €or land disposal and/or reclamation from the Forest R. Gafner Water Reclamation Plant. Flowrate reported in the monitoring report shall be representative of the flow discharged from the Title 22 treatment facility. POTABLE SUPPLY WATERS Analysis of the potable waters supplied to the service areas of the wastewater treatment facilities shall be conducted for the following constituent quarterly with the results reported quarterly. RECEIVING WATER - SAN MARCOS CREEK The discharger shall monitor the receiving water from November through March. water monitoring program. table is to be conducted at the following monitoring stations: a) a station within 250 ft. upstream of the storage b) a station within 250 ft. downstream of the storage The following table constitutes the receiving The monitoring outlined in the reservoir; - reservoir: and c) a station located where the discharge First contacts the receiving water during an overflow. 1 If there is an overflow, the discharger shall begin monitoring on the First day of the overflow and continue monitoring daily until the overflow of the reservoir has been terminated. E. SEWAGE SOLIDS A record of the type, quantity, and manner of disposal and/or reuse of solids removed in the course of sewage treatment shall be maintained at the facility and made available to the Regional Board staff. F. RECWMED WATER USERS SUMMARY REPORT 1. If the Leucadia County Water District is supplying reclaimed water for use by parties other than the Carlsbad Municipal Water District, the discharger shall submit a quarterly reclaimed water users summary report containing the following information: a) Total volume of reclaimed water supplied to all reclaimed water users for each month of the reporting period. b) Total number of reclaimed water use sites. c) Address of the reclaimed water use site d) Basin Plan name and number of hydrologic subarea underlying the reclaimed water use site If the Leucadia County Water District is supplying reclaimed water for-use by parties other than the Carlsbad Municipal Water District, the discharger shall submit an annual reclaimed water users compliance report containing the following information: a) 2. Reclaimed water use site summary information The following information shall be submitted for each reclaimed water use site. 1) Name of the reclaimed water use site .. Owner of the reclaimed water use facility Name of the reclaimed water use supervisor Phone number of the reclaimed water use supervisor Mailing address of the reclaimed water use supervisor, if different from site address Volume of reclaimed water delivered to the reclaimed water use site on a monthly basis. .. Reclaimed water use site inspections Number of reclaimed water use site inspections conducted by discharger/producer staff and identification of sites inspected for the reporting period. Reclaimed water user violations of the dischargerrs rules and regulations The discharger shall identify all reclaimed water users known by the discharger to be in violation of the discharger's rules and regulations for reclaimed water users. The report shall include a description of the noncompliance and its cause, including the period of noncompliance, and if the noncompliance has not been corrected: the anticipated time it is expected to continue; and steps taken or planned to reduce, eliminate, and prevent recurrence of the noncompliance. G- REPORTING Monitoring reports shall be submitted to the Executive Officer in accordance with the following schedule: Reuortina Freouency ReDort Period peDort Due Monthly January, February, BY the 3och March, April, May, day of the June, July, August, following September, October, month November, December Quarterly January-March April 30 April-June July 30 July-September October 30 October-December January 30 CALIFORNIA REGIONAL WATER QUALITY CONTROL BOARD SAN DIEGO REGION ORDER NO. 93-23 WASTE DISCHARGE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE VALLECITOS WATER DISTRICT MEADOWLARK WATER RECLAMATION PLANT SAN DIEGO COUNTY The California Regional Water Quality Control Board, San Diego Region, (hereinafter Regional Board) finds that: 1. On March 26, 1979, this Regional Board adopted Order No. 79- 23, llWaste Discharge Requirements for the San Marcos County Water District Wastewater Reclamation Project Near San Marcos Creek.I1 Order No. 79-23 and Addenda thereto established requirements for the discharge of treated effluent from the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant (Meadowlark WRP)to land disposal facilities. 2. On May 4, 1987, this Regional Board adopted Order No. 87-81, "Waste Discharge Requirements for San Marcos County Water District, Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant, San Diego County." On May 1, 1989, the agency name was changed from San Marcos County Water District to Vallecitos Water District. Order No. 87-81 rescinded Order No. 79-23 and established new waste discharge requirements for the disposal and of up to 2.0 million gallons per day (MGD) of tertiary treated wastewater from Meadowlark WRP. Program, Order No. 87-81 has been reviewed by the Regional Board staff in accordance with criteria established in the Administrative Procedures Manual adopted by the State Water Resources Control Board. As a result of this review, modifications have been incorporated into this Order. This Order, which supersedes Order No. 87-81, consolidates and makes changes to the Findings, Requirements, and Monitoring and Reporting Program of Order No. 87-81. 4. This Order authorizes the Vallecitos Water District to supply reclaimed water to the Carlsbad Municipal Water District from Meadowlark WRP for distribution anywhere in the City of Carlsbad where the ground water quality objectives do not apply or are 3,500 milligrams per liter (mg/l) for total dissolved solids (TDS). There are 3. As a part of the FY 1992/93 Waste Discharge Order Update Order No. 93-23 -2- 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. currently 40 reuse sites, with the major users being the Aviara Master Association and La Costa Hotel & Spa. In the future, more sites may become available for reclaimed water use. On May 20, 1991, this Regional Board adopted Order No. 91- 60, “Water Reclamation Requirements for the purveyance of reclaimed water by the Carlsbad Municipal Water District, San Diego County.It Order No. 91-60 authorizes the Carlsbad Municipal Water District to purvey water from the Shadowridge WRP, the Meadowlark WRP, and the Gafner WRP to the portions of the City of Carlsbad described in the Findings above. The treatment facilities are located in the SE1/4 of the NE1/4, Section 30, T12S, R3W, SBB&M. The effluent storage pond is located in the N1/2 of the NW1/4, Section 32, T12S, R3W, SBB&M. The discharger reported that the wastewater treatment, transmission, and storage facilities would be protected against runoff and flooding by 100-year frequency rainfalls and flood flows. The discharger further reported that the public would be excluded from the wastewater treatment and storage facilities. The discharger reports that up to 2.0 MGD of treated effluent would be discharged to the Encina Ocean Outfall during wet weather periods and other periods when irrigation demand is less than the reclaimed water supply. The discharge of effluent to the Encina Ocean Outfall is regulated by this Regional Board‘s National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System permit for the Encina Ocean Outfall. The discharger reports that an existing 54 million gallon capacity reservoir will be used to equalize the effluent flow prior to reuse or ocean disposal. The discharger reported that slndge from the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant is conveyed by existing pipelines to the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility for processing. The existing disposal areas are located in the Carlsbad (4.00) Hydrologic Unit (HU) and in the following Hydrologic Areas (HA) and Subareas (HSA) : a. Buena Vista Creek (4.20) HA, El Salto (4.21) HSA within b. Agua Hedionda (4.30) HA, Los Monos (4.31) HSA within the City of Carlsbad; the City of Carlsbad; -3- Order No. 93-23 c. Encinas (4.40) HA within the City of Carlsbad; d. San Marcos (4.50) HA, Batiquitos (4.51) HSA within the e. San Marcos (4.50) HA, Richland (4.52) HSA. Diego Basin (9) (Basin Plan)", was adopted by this Regional Board on March 17, 1975 and subsequently approved by the State Water Resources Control Board (State Board). Subsequent revisions to the Basin Plan have also been adopted by the Regional Board and approved by the State Board. The Basin Plan established the following beneficial uses of surface water and ground water in the El Salto (4.21) HSA, the Los Monos (4.31) HSA, the Encinas (4.40) HA, the Batiquitos (4.51) HSA, and the Richland (4.52) HSA: City of Carlsbad; and 12. The "Comprehensive Water Quality Control Plan Report, San 13. Beneficial Uses Identified in Basin Pian I Notes: 0 Potential beneficial uses. X Existing beneficial uses. 1 These beneticial uses do not apply westerly of the easterly boundary of the right-of-way of lnlemtate Hbhway 5. me beneficial uses for the remainder of the hydrologic area are as shown. 2 These beneficial uses designations apply to the portion of subarea 4.31 tributary to Agua Hedionda Creek downstream from the El Camino Real Crossing. except lands tributary to Marcario Canyon (located directly southerly of Evans Point), land directly south of Agua Hedionda Lagoon, and areas west of Interstate Highway 5. 3 These beneficial use designations apply to the portion of subarea 4.31 bounded on the west by the easterly boundary of the Interstate Highway 5 right-of-way; on the east by the easterly boundary of El Camino Real; and on the north by a line extending along the southerly edge of Agua Hedionda Lagoon to the easterly edge of the Agua Hedionda Lagoon, thence in an easterly direction to Evans Point, thence easterly to El Camino Real along the ridge lines separating Letterbox Canyon and the area draining to Marcario Canyon. Order NO. 93-23 ." CoNST'TUENT Inland Surface Water I Groundwater 4.21, 4.31,4.40,4.51,4.52 )4.21', 4.31 lb2, 4.40', 4.51 '"" I 4.31 ' I 4.52 lV3 i -4- 4 These beneficial use designations apply to the portion of subarea 4.51 bounded on the south by the north shore of Batiquitos Lagoon, on the west by the easterly boundary of the Interstate Highway 5 right-of-way and on the easl by the easterly boundary of El Camino Real. 5 The beneficial uses do not apply to hydrologic subarea 4.51 and hydrologic subarea 4.52 between Highway 78 and El Camino Real and to all lands which drain to Moonlight Creek and to Encinlas Creek. The beneficial uses tor the remainder of the subarea are as shown. 14. The Basin Plan established the following water quality objectives for the El Salto (4.21) HSA, the Los Monos (4.31) HSA, the Encinas (4.40) HA, the Batiquitos (4.51) HSA, and the Richland (4.52) HSA: I ~ ~ Basin Plan Water Quality Objectives I Concentration not to be exceeded during any one year period I I I nmn or as noted 1 I ITotal Dissolved I 500 I 3500 s I 1200 I 1000 I Note: mgfl= milligrams per liter NTU = Nephelometric turbidity units * Concentrations of nitrogen and phosphorus, by themselves or in combination wlh other nutrients. shall be maintained at levels below those which stimulate algae and emergent plant growth. Threshold total phosphorus (P) wncentrations shall not exceed 0.05 mgll in any stream at the point where it enters any reservoir or lake. nor 0.025 mgA in any reservoir or lake. A desired goal In flowing waters appears to be 0.1 mgA total P. These values are not to be exceeded more than 10% of the time unless studies of the specific water body in question clearly show that water quality objective changes are permissible and changes are approved by the Regional Board. Analogous threshold values have not been set for nitrogen compounds, however, natural rallos of nitrogen to phosphorus are lo be determined by surveillance and monitoring and upheld. If data are lacking, a ratio of N:P 1O:l shall be used. 1 The water qualiiy objectives do not apply westerly of the easterly boundary of Interstate Highway 5. The objectives lor the remainder of the hydrologic area (subarea) are as shown. -5- Order No. 93-23 2 The water quality objectives apply to the portion of Subarea 4.31 bounded on the west by the easterly bounded of the Interstate 5 right-of-way and on the east by the easterly boundary of El Camino Real. 3 The water quality objectives do not apply westerly of the easterly boundary of Interstate Highway 5, the hydrologic subarea 4.51 and 4.52 between Highway 78 and El Camino Real and to all lands which drain to Moonlight Creek and Encinitas Creek. The objectives for the remainder of the hydrologic area (subarea) are as shown. The water quality objectives apply to the portion of Subarea 4.51 bounded on the south by the norlh shore of Batiquitos Lagoon, on the west by the easterly boundary of the Interstate 5 right-of-way and on the east by the easterly boundary of El Camino Real. 4 The water quality objectives apply tothe portion of Subarea 4.51 bounded on the south by the north shore of Batiquitos Lagoon, on the west by the easterly boundary of the Interstate 5 right-of-way and on the east by the easterly bounderly of El Camino Real. 5 Note: This only applies to 4.40. Detailed salt balance studies are recommended for this area to determine limiting mineral concentration levels for discharge. On the basis of existing data. the tabulated objectives would probably be maintained in most areas. Upon completion of the salt balance studies. significant water quality objective revisions may be necessary. In the interim period of time, projects of ground water recharge with water quality inferior to the tabulated numerical values may be permined following individual review and approval by the Regional Board if such projects do not degrade existing ground water . quality In the aquifers affected by the recharge. 15. The Basin Plan contains the following prohibitions which are applicable to the discharge: "Discharge of treated or untreated sewage or industrial wastewater, exclusive of cooling water or other waters which are chemically unchanged, to a watercourse, is prohibited except in cases where the water quality of said discharge complies with the receiving body water quality objectives.11 "Discharging of treated or untreated sewage or industrial wastes in such manner or volume as to cause sustained surface flow or ponding on lands not owned or under control of the discharger is prohibited except in cases defined in the previous paragraph and in cases in which the responsibility for all downstream adverse effects is accepted by the discharger." "The dumping or deposition of oil, garbage, trash or other solid municipal, industrial or agricultural waste directly into inland waters or watercourses or adjacent to the watercourses in any manner which may permit its being washed into the watercourse is prohibited." *#Dumping or deposition of oil, garbage, trash or other solid municipal, industrial or agricultural waste into natural or excavated sites below historic water levels or deposition of soluble industrial wastes at any site is prohibited, unless such site has been specifically approved by the Regional Board for that purpose." This facility is an existing facility and as such is exempt 16. Order No. 93-23 -6- from the provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act (Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq.) in accordance with Section 15301, Article 19, Title 14, California Code of Regulations. 17. All reclaimed water will be used in hydrologic basins having no ground water quality objectives or a ground water quality objective for TDS of 3,500 mg/l. This Order requires that the TDS concentration in the reclaimed water not exceed a 30-day average of 400 mg/l over the supply water or a daily maximum of 1,500 mg/l. Basin Plan ground water quality objectives for these areas were deleted or relaxed by the Regional Board in accord with the requirements of resolution 68-16 and other requirements of the California Water Code, in order to encourage the use of reclaimed water in these areas. The discharge is not expected to cause the ground water quality objectives in any of the basins to be exceeded. The discharge of reclaimed water to the areas authorized under this Order will be in conformance with the applicable Basin Plan ground water quality objectives. The discharge of reclaimed water to the areas authorized by this Order is in conformance with Resolution No. 68-16, statement of Policy with Respect to Maintaining the High Quality of Waters in Ca1ifornia.l The wastewater reclamation and reuse projects that will occur in the areas authorized by this Order under the terms and conditions of this Order will: a. Have maximum benefit to the people of the State, 18. because in the absence of reclaimed wastewater, imported potable water would be used for irrigation of the reclaimed water use areas described in this Order: b. Not unreasonably effect the beneficial uses of ground water in the underlying basins: and Not cause the ground water objectives of the underlying basins to be exceeded. c. 19. This Order prescribes waste discharge requirements and reclamation requirements governing the production and use of reclaimed water, which the Regional Board has determined are necessary to protect the public health, safety and welfare pursuant to California Water Code, Division 7, Chapter 7, Sections 13500-13550 ("Water Reclamation Law") . This Order, which applies to the producer of reclaimed water, requires that the producer of the reclaimed water establish and enforce rules and regulations which apply to users, including purveyors, of the reclaimed water. 20. The Regional Board, in establishing the requirements Order No. 93-23 -7- 21. 22. 23. contained herein, consim !re limited to, the following: factors including, but not Beneficial uses to be protected and the water quality objectives reasonably required for that purpose: Other waste discharges: The need to prevent nuisance: Past, present, and probable future beneficial uses of the hydrologic subunits under consideration: Environmental characteristics of the hydrologic subunits under consideration: Water quality conditions that could reasonably be achieved through the coordinated control of all factors which affect water quality in the area: Economic considerations: The need for additional housing within the region: and The need to develop and use recycled water. The Regional Board has considered all water resource related environmental factors associated with the proposed discharqe - of waste. The Regional Board has notified the Vallecitos Water District and all known interested parties of the intent to prescribe waste discharge requirements for the proposed discharge. The Regional Board in a public meeting heard and considered all comments pertaining to the discharge. Order No. 93-23 -8- IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, that the Vallecitos Water District, hereinafter discharger, in order to meet the provisions contained in Division 7 of the California Water Code and regulations adopted thereunder, shall comply with the following requirements for the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant: A. PROHIBITIONS 1. 2. 3. 4. Discharges of wastes to lands which have not been specifically described in the report of waste discharge and for which valid waste discharge requirements are not in force are prohibited. The discharge of any radiological, chemical or biological warfare agent, or high-level radiological waste i~s prohibited. Storage, use and/or disposal of wastes in a manner that would result in ponding or surfacing of wastes on lands beyond the disposal area, as described in the findings of this Order, is prohibited. The discharge of wastewater shall not: Cause the occurrence of coliform or pathogenic organisms in waters pumped from the basins; Cause the occurrence of objectionable tastes and odors in waters pumped from the basins: Cause waters pumped from the basins to foam; Cause the presence of toxic materials in waters pumped from the basins: Cause the pH of waters pumped from the basins to fall below 6.0 or rise above 9.0: Cause this Regional Board's objectives for the ground or surface waters of the El Salto (4.21) HA, the Batiquitos (4.51) HSA, and the Richland (4.52) HSA as established in the Basin Plan to be exceeded; Cause odors, septicity, mosquitos or other vectors, weed growth or other nuisance conditions in any inland watercourse: Cause a surface flow recognizable as sewage in any inland watercourse; or HSA, the LOS Monos (4.31) HSA, the Encinas (4.40) Order No. 93-23 -9- (i) Cause a pollution, contamination or nuisance or adversely affect beneficial uses of the ground or surface waters of the El Salt0 (4.21) HSA,,the Los Monos (4.31) HSA, the Encinas (4.40) HA, the Batiquitos (4.51) HSA, and the Richland (4.52) HSA as established in the Basin Plan. +bw A maximum flowrate from at the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant in excess of 2.0 MGD is prohibited unless the discharger obtains revised waste discharge requirements for the proposed increased flow. sludge origin beyond the limits of the treatment plant site or disposal area are prohibited. 6. Odors, vectors, and other nuisances of sewage or sewage 7. The bypassing of wastewater to be used for landscape irrigation which does not meet the discharge specifications of this Order is prohibited. The discharge of waste in a manner other than as described in the Findings of tiiis Order is prohibited unless the discharger obtains revised waste discharge requirements that provide for the proposed changes. 9. The discharge of treated or untreated wastewater to San Macros Creek or its tributaries is prohibited. 10. Land disposal of wastewater by irrigation in areas for which water reclamation requirements have not been issued is prohibited. Disposal of wastewater to land other than as authorized by waste discharge requirements issued by this Regional Board is prohibited. Disposal of wastewater to waters of the United States other than as authorized by an NPDES permit issued by this Regional Board is prohibited. 8. Order No. 93-23 - 10 - B. DISCHARGE SPECIFICATIONS 1. The discharge for landscape irrigation and other land disposal projects of a tertiary treated effluent containing pollutants in excess of the following effluent limitations is prohibited: I Effluent Limitations I 1 The 30day average effluent limitation shall apply to the arithmetic mean of the resulls of all samples collected during any 30 consecutive calendar day period. 2 The daily maxlmum effluent limitation shall apply to the results of a single composite or grab sanple. 3 Increment over water supply based on semiannually analysis of the water supply. * The median number of coliform organisms shall not exceed 2.2 per 100 milliliters and the number of coliform organisms shall not exceed 23 per 100 millilters in more than one sample within any 30- day period. Not to exceed an average operatlng turbidity of 2 turbidity units. Not to exceed 5 tutbldty units more than 5 percent of the time during any 24-hour period. ** 2. All waste treatment, containment and disposal facilities shall be protected against 100-year peak stream flows as defined by the San Diego County flood control agency. facilities shall be protected against erosion, overland runoff, and other impacts resulting from a 100-year frequency 24-hour storm. 3. All waste treatment, containment and disposal 4. Collected screening, sludge, other solids removed from liquid wastes, and filter backwash shall be disposed in a manner approved by the Executive Officer. Before - 11 - Order No. 93-23 sludge is disposed of by means other than discharge to a landfill regulated under waste discharge requirements, used or supplied for use by others, the discharger shall submit written notification to. the Executive Officer of the proposed disposal method or use. Such disposal, use or supply for use by others shall not be initiated until approved by the Executive Officer. 5. Effluent used for irrigation purposes shall be treated to the most restricted level in conformance with all applicable provisions of California Code of Regulations, Title 22, Division 4, Chapter 3 (Reclamation Criteria) for a nonrestricted recreational impoundment (currently Section 60315). constructed, operated, and maintained so as to prevent surfacing of wastes on property not owned or controlled by the discharger. Surface runoff of any wastes which surface on property owned or controlled by the discharger onto property not owned or controlled by the discharger shall be prevented. 6. Effluent storage facilities shall be designed, Order. No. 93-23 C. PROVISIONS - 12 - 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. These WDRs hereby supersede Order No. 87-81, Waste Discharge Requirements for the Vallecitos Water. District, Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant, San Diego County. Order No. 87-81 is hereby rescinded when this Order becomes effective. Neither the treatment nor the discharge of waste shall create a pollution, contamination or nuisance, as defined by Section 13050 of the California Water Code. The discharger must comply with all conditions of this Order. Any noncompliance with this Order constitutes a violation of the California Water Code and is grounds for (a) enforcement action; (b) termination, revocation and reissuance, or modification of this Order; or (c) denial of a report of waste discharge in application for new or revised waste discharge requirements. In an enforcement action, it shall not be a defense for the discharger that it would have been necessary to halt or reduce the permitted activity in order to maintain compliance with this Order. Upon reduction, loss, or failure of the treatment facility, the discharger shall, to the extent necessary to maintain compliance with this Order, control production or all discharges, or both, until the facility is restored or an alternative method of treatment is provided. This provision applies for example, when the primary source of power of the treatment facility is failed, reduced, or lost. The discharger shall take all reasonable steps to minimize or correct any adverse impact on the environment resulting from noncompliance with this Order, including such accelerated or additional monitoring as may be necessary to determine the nature and impact of the noncompliance. The discharger shall, at all times, properly operate and maintain all facilities and systems of treatment and control (and related appurtenances) which are installed or used by the discharger to achieve compliance with conditions of this Order. Proper operation and maintenance includes effective performance, adequate funding, adequate operator staffing and training, and adequate laboratory and process controls including appropriate quality assurance procedures. This provision requires the operation of backup or auxiliary facilities or similar systems only when necessary to achieve compliance with - 13 - Order No. 93-23 the conditions of this Order. 7. This Order may be modified, revoked and reissued, or terminated for cause including, but not limited,to, the following: (a) Violation of any terms or conditions of this Order: (b) Obtaining this order by misrepresentation or failure to disclose fully all relevant facts; or (c) A change in any condition that requires either a temporary or permanent reduction or elimination of the authorized discharge. The filing of a request by the discharger for the modification, revocation and reissuance, or termination of this Order, or notification of planned changes or anticipated noncompliance does not stay any condition of this Order. 8. This Order is not transferrable to any person except after notice to the Executive Officer. The Regional Board may require modification or revocation and reissuance of this Order to change the name of the discharger and incorporate such other requirements as may be necessary under the California Water Code. discharger shall submit notice of any proposed transfer of this Order's responsibility and coverage to a new discharger as described under Reporting Requirement E.3. The 9. This Order does not convey any property rights of any sort or any exclusive privileges. prescribed herein do not authorize the commission of any act causing injury to persons or property, nor protect the discharger from liability under federal, state or local laws, nor create a vested right for the discharger to continue the waste discharge. authorized representative upon the presentation of credentials and other documents as may be required by law, to: (a) Enter upon the discharger's premises where a regulated facility or activity is located or conducted, or where records must be kept under the conditions of this Order; The requirements 10. The discharger shall allow the Regional Board, or an (b) Have access to and copy, at reasonable times, any Order No. 93-23 - 14 - 11. 12. 13. 14. records that must be kept under the conditions of this Order; (c) Inspect at reasonable times any facilities, equipment (including monitoring and control equipment), practices, or operations regulated or required under this Order; and purposes of assuring compliance with this Order or as otherwise authorized by the California Water Code, any substances or parameters at any location. (d) Sample or monitor at reasonable times, for the The discharger's wastewater treatment facilities shall be supervised and operated by persons possessing certificates of appropriate grade pursuant to Chapter 3, Subchapter 14, Title 23 of the California Code of Regulations. A copy of this Order shall be maintained at the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant and shall be available to operating personnel at all times. The provisions of this Order are severable, and if any provision of this Order, or the application of any provision of this Order to any circumstance, is held invalid, the application of such provision to other circumstances, and the remainder of this Order, shall not be affected thereby. The potable water supply shall not be used to supplement the reclaimed water supply except through an approved air gap. In other areas where the potable water supply is piped to premises where sewage is pumped, treated or reclaimed (e.g., sewage treatment plants or pumping stations, golf course, etc.) the potable water supply shall be protected at the property line in accordance with the State Department of Health Services' Regulations Relating to Cross-Connections. - 15 - Order No. 93-23 D. RECLAIMED WATER USE PROVISIONS 1. If the Vallecitos' Water District (discharger/ producer) is supplying reclaimed water for use by parties,other than the Carlsbad Municipal Water District in the areas authorized under these waste discharge requirements, the discharger/producer shall have Rules and Regulations for Reclaimed Water Users governing the design and construction of reclaimed water use facilities and the use of reclaimed water. The Rules and Regulations shall be reviewed and updated if necessary by the discharger/producer when a new Order or Addendum is adopted by the Regional Board, and shall, at a minimum, contain the following provisions: a. b. C. d. e. f. Provisions implementing Title 22, Division.4, Chapter 3, wastewater Reclamation Criteria, of the California Code of Regulations; Provisions implementing the State Department of Health Services (DOHS) Guidelines For Use of Reclaimed Water and Guidelines for Use of Reclaimed Water for Construction Purposes or measures, acceptable to DOHS, providing equivalent protection of public health: Provisions authorizing the Regional Board, the discharger/producer, or an authorized representative of these parties, upon presentation of proper credentials, to inspect the facilities of any reclaimed water user to ascertain whether the user is complying with the discharger/ producer's rules and regulations; Provision for written notification, in a timely manner, to the discharger/producer by the reclaimed water user of any material change or proposed change in the character of the use of reclaimed water: Provision for submission of a preconstruction report to the discharger/producer by the reclaimed water user in order to enable the discharger/ producer to determine whether the user will be in compliance with the discharger/producer's rules and regulations; Provision requiring reclaimed water users to designate a reclaimed water supervisor responsible for the reclaimed water system at each use area under the user's control. Reclaimed water supervisors should be responsible for the Order No. 93-23 - 16 - 4. h. i. j. k. 1. m. installation, operation, and maintenance of the irrigation system, enforcement of the discharger/ producer's reclaimed water user rules and regulations, prevention of potential hazards, and maintenance of the reclaimed water distribution system plans in "as built" form: Provision authorizing the discharger/producer to cease supplying reclaimed water to any person who uses, transports, or stores such water in violation of the discharger/producer's rules and regulations; Provision requiring notification and concurrence of the State Department of Health Services and the San Diego County Department of Health Services, Environmental Health Services for new reclaimed water users: Provision requiring all windblown spray and surface runoff of reclaimed water applied for irrigation onto property not owned or controlled by the discharger or reclaimed water user shall be prevented by implementation of best management practices: Provision requiring all reclaimed water storage facilities owned and/or operated by reclaimed water users to be protected against erosion, overland runoff, and other impacts resulting from a 100-year frequency storm, 24 hour storm: Provision requiring all reclaimed water storage facilities owned and/or operated by reclaimed water users to be protected against 100 - year frequency peak stream flows as defined by the San Diego County flood control agency: Provision for notification to reclaimed water users that the Regional Board may initiate enforcement action against any reclaimed water user who discharges reclaimed water in violation of any applicable discharge prohibitions prescribed by the Regional Board or in a manner which creates, or threatens to create conditions of pollution, contamination, or nuisance, as defined in Water Code Section 13050: and Provision for notification to reclaimed water users that the Regional Board may initiate enforcement action against the discharger/ producer, which may result in the termination of the reclaimed water supply, if any person uses, - 17 - Order No. 93-23 transports, or stores such water in violation of the discharger/producer's rules and regulations or in a manner which creates, or threatens to create conditions of pollution, contamination, or, nuisance, as defined in Water Code Section 13050. The revised rules and regulations shall be subject to the approval of the Regional Board Executive Officer: the State Department of Health Services; and the San Diego County Department of Health Services, Environmental Health Services. The revised rules and regulations or a letter certifying that the discharger/ producer's rules and regulations contain the updated provisions in the Order, shall be submitted to the Regional Board within 90 days of adoption of this Order by the Regional Board. 2. If the Vallecitos Water District (discharger/ producer) is supplying reclaimed water for use by parties other than the Carlsbad Municipal Water District, the discharger/producer shall implement and enforce the approved rules and regulations for reclaimed water users. Use of reclaimed water by the discharger/ producer shall be consistent with provisions a. through m. in item D.l above. In addition, the discharger/ producer shall submit an annual report certifying that the users have implemented the Rules and Regulations established by the discharger. 3. If the Vallecitos Water District (discharger/ producer) is supplying reclaimed water for use by parties other than the Carlsbad Municipal Water District, shall within 90 days of the adoption of this order, develop and submit to the Regional Board a program of Best Management Practices (BMP) for the reclaimed water users governing the irrigation practices, management and maintenance to avoid runoff, ponding, and overspray. The discharger/producer shall oversee that the reclaimed water users have implemented the BMP upon approval of the BMP program by the Regional Board Executive Officer. 4. If the Vallecitos Water District (discharger/ producer) is supplying reclaimed water for use by parties other than the Carlsbad Municipal Water District, the discharger/producer shall, within 90 days of the adoption of this Order, develop and submit to the Regional Board a program to conduct compliance inspections of reclaimed water reuse sites to determine the status of compliance with the approved rules and regulations for reclaimed water users. The discharger/ producer shall implement the inspection program upon Order No. 93-23 - 18 - its approval by the Regional Board Executive Officer. 5. Reclaimed water shall not be supplied to parties who use, transport, or store such water in a manner which causes a pollution, contamination or nuisance, as defined by Section 13050 of the California Water Code. Prior to using reclaimed water or supplying reclaimed water for use by other parties in any manner or in any area other than as described in the findings of this Order, the discharger/producer shall obtain proper authorization from this Regional Board. 6. Order No. 93-23 - 19 - E. REPORTING REQUIREMENTS 1. The discharger shall file a new Report of Waste Discharge at least 120 days prior to the following: Addition of a major industrial waste discharge to a discharge of essentially domestic sewage, or the addition of a new process or product by ,an industrial facility resulting in a change in the character of the wastes. Significant change in the treatment or disposal method (e.g., change in the method of treatment which would significantly alter the nature of the waste.) Change in the disposal area from that described in the findings of this Order. Increase in flow beyond that specified in this Order. Other circumstances which result in a material change in character, amount, or location of the waste discharge. Any planned change in the regulated facility or activity which may result in noncompliance with this Order. 2. The discharger shall furnish to the Executive Officer of this Regional Board, within a reasonable time, any information which the Executive Officer may request to determine whether cause exists for modifying, revoking and reissuing, or terminating this Order. The discharger shall also furnish to the Executive Officer, upon request, copies of records required to be kept by this Order. 3. The discharger must notify the Executive Officer, in writing at least 30 days in advance of any proposed transfer of this Order's responsibility and coverage to a new discharger. The notice must include a written agreement between the existing and new discharger containing a specific date for the transfer of this Order's responsibility and coverage between the current discharger and the new discharger. This agreement shall include an acknowledgement that the existing discharger is liable for violations up to the transfer date and that the new discharger is liable from the transfer date on. Order No. 93-23 - 20 - 4. The discharger shall comply with attached Monitoring and Reporting Program No. 93-23, and future revisions thereto as specified by the Executive Officer. Monitoring results shall be reported at the intervals specified in Monitoring and Reporting Program No. 93- 23. 5. If a need for a discharge bypass is known in advance, the discharger shall submit prior notice and, if at all possible, such notice shall be submitted at least 10 days prior to the date of the bypass. 6. Where the discharger becomes aware that it failed to submit any relevant facts in a Report of Waste Discharge or submitted incorrect information in a Report of Waste Discharge or in any report to the Regional Board, it shall promptly submit such facts or information. 7. The discharger shall report any noncompliance which may endanger health or the environment. Any such information shall be provided orally to the Executive Officer within 24 hours from the time the discharger becomes aware of the circumstances. A written submission shall also be provided within five days of the time the discharger becomes aware of the circumstances. The written submission shall contain a description of the noncompliance and its cause; the period of noncompliance, including exact dates and times, and if the noncompliance has not been corrected; the anticipated time it is expected to continue: and steps taken or planned to reduce, eliminate, and prevent recurrence of the noncompliance. The Executive Officer, or an authorized representative, may waive the written report on a case-by-case basis if the oral report has been received within 24 hours. The following occurrence(s) must be reported to the Executive Officer within 24 hours: (a) Any bypass from any portion of the treatment facility . Any discharge of treated or untreated wastewater resulting from sewer line breaks, obstruction, surcharge or any other circumstances. (c) Any treatment plant upset which causes the effluent limitations of this Order to be exceeded. (b) 8. The discharger shall submit a facility operations manual within 90 days of the adoption of this Order. order No. 93-23 - 21 - 9. All applications, reports, or information submitted to the Executive officer shall be signed and certified as follows: (a) The Report of Waste Discharge shall be signed as follows : (1) For a corporation - by a principal executive officer of at least the level of vice- president. For a partnership or sole proprietorship - by a general partner or the proprietor, respectively. (2) (3) For a municipality, state, federal or.other public agency - by either a principal executive officer or ranking elected official . (b) All other reports required by this Order and other information required by the Executive Officer shall be signed by a person designated in paragraph (a) of this provision, or by a duly authorized representative of that person. An individual is a duly authorized representative only if: (1) The authorization is made in writing by a person described in paragraph (a) of this provision; (2) The authorization specifies either an individual or a position having responsibility for the overall operation of the regulated facility or activity; and (3) The written authorization is submitted to the Executive Officer. (c) Any person signing a document under this Section shall make the following certification: "I certify under penalty of law that I have personally examined and am familiar with the information submitted in this document and all attachments and that, based on my inquiry of those individuals immediately responsible for obtaining the information, I believe that the information is true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of Order No. 93-23 - 22 - fine and imprisonment. 'I 10. The discharger shall submit reports required under this Order, or other information required by the Executive officer, to: Executive officer California Regional Water Quality Control Board San Diego Region 9771 Clairemont Mesa Blvd, Suite B San Diego, California 92124-1331 - 23 - Order No. 93-23 F. NOTIFICATIONS 1. California Water Code Section 13263(g) states:, "NO discharge of waste into waters of the State, whether or not such discharge is made pursuant to waste discharge requirements, shall create a vested right to continue such discharge. All discharges of waste into waters of the State are privileges, not rights" 2. These requirements have not been officially reviewed by the United States Environmental Protection Agency and are not issued pursuant to Section 402 of the Clean Water Act. The California Water Code provides that any person who intentionally or negligently violates any waste discharge requirements issued, reissued, or amended by this.Regiona1 Board is subject to a civil monetary remedy of up to 20 dollars per gallon of waste discharged or, if a cleanup and abatement order is issued, up to 15,000 dollars per day of violation or some combination thereof. 3. 4. The California Water Code provides that any person failing or refusing to furnish technical or monitoring program reports, as required under this Order, or falsifying any information provided in the monitoring reports is guilty of a misdemeanor. This Order becomes effective on the date of adoption by the Regional Board. 5. I, Arthur L. Coe, Executive Officer, do hereby certify the foregoing is a full, true, and correct copy of an Order adopted Region, on March 15, 1993. by the California Regional Water Arthur L. Coe Executive Officer CALIFORNIA REGIONAL WATER QUALITY CONTROL BOARD SAN DIEGO REGION MONITORING AND REPORTING PROGRAM NO. 93-23 . FOR THE VALECITOS WATER DISTRICT MEADOWLARK WATER RECLAMATION PLANT SAN DIEGO COUNTY A. MONITORING PROVISIONS 1. Samples and measurements taken as required herein shall be represedtative of the volume and nature of the monitored discharge. All samples shall be taken at the monitoring points specified in this Order and, unless otherwise specified, before the effluent joins or is diluted by any other waste stream, body of water, or substance. without notification to and the approval of the Executive Officer . Monitoring points shall not; be changed 2. Appropriate flow measurement devices and methods consistent with accepted scientific practices shall be selected and used to ensure the accuracy and reliability of measurements of the volume of monitored discharges. The devices shall be installed, calibrated and maintained to ensure that the accuracy of the measurements are consistent with the accepted capability of that type of device. Devices selected shall be capable of measuring flows with a maximum deviation of less than +5 percent from true discharge rates throughout the range of expected discharge volumes. Guidance in selection, installation, calibration and operation of acceptable flow measurement devices can be obtained from the following references: (a) “A Guide to Methods and Standards for the Measurement of Water Flow,” U. S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, NBS special Publication 421, May 1975, 97 pp. (Available from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C. 20402. Order by SD Catalog No. C13.10:421.) Interior, Bureau of Reclamation, second Edition, Revised Reprint, 1974, 327 pp. (Available from the U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington D.C. 20402. Order by Catalog No. 127,19/2:W29/2, Stock (b) “Water Measurement Manual,“ U.S. Department of NO. SIN 24003-0027.) Monitoring and Reporting Program No. 93-23 -2- (c) "Flow Measurement in Open Channels and Closed Conduits," U.S. Department of Commerce, National Bureau of Standards, NBS Special Publication 484, October 1977, 982 pp. (Available in paper copy or microfiche from National Technical Information Service (NTIS) Springfield, VA 22151. Order by NTIS No. PB-273-535/5ST.) (d) "NPDES Compliance Sampling Manual," U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water Enforcement. Publication MCD-51, 1977, 140 pp. (Available from the General Services Administration (SFFS), Centralized Mailing Lists Services, Building 41, Denver Federal Center, Denver, CO 80225.) Monitoring must be conducted according to United States Environmental Protection Agency test procedures approved under Title 40, Code of Federal Regulations (CFR), Part 136, "Guidelines Establishing Test Procedures for Analysis of Pollutants Under the Clean Water Act" as amended, unless other test procedures have been specified in this Order. 4. All.analyses shall be performed in a laboratory certified to perform such analyses by the California Department of Health Services or a laboratory approved by the Executive officer . 3. 5. Monitoring results must be reported on discharge monitoring report forms approved by the Executive Officer . 6. If the discharger monitors any pollutants more frequently than required by this Order, using test procedures approved under 40 CFR, Part 136, or as specified in this Order, the results of this monitoring shall be included in the calculation and reporting of the data submitted in the discharger's monitoring report. The increased frequency of monitoring shall also be reported. 7. The discharger shall retain records of all monitoring information, including all calibration and maintenance records and all original strip chart recordings for continuous monitoring instrumentation, copies of all reports required by this Order, and records of all data used to complete the application for this Order. Records shall be maintained for a minimum of five years from the date of the sample, measurement, report or application. This period may be extended during the course of any unresolved litigation regarding this discharge or when requested by the Regional Board Executive Officer. Monitoring and Reporting -3- Program No. 93-23 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. 14. Records of monitoring information shall include: (a) The date, exact place, and time of sampling or (b) The individual(s) who performed the sampling or measurements; measurements; (c) The date(s) analyses were performed; (d) The individual(s) who performed the analyses; (e) The analytical techniques or method used; and (f) The results of such analyses. All monitoring instruments and devices which are used by the discharger to fulfill the prescribed monitoring program shall be properly maintained and calibrated as necessary to ensure their continued accuracy. The discharger shall report all instances of noncompliance not reported under Reporting Requirement E.7 of this Order at the time monitoring reports are submitted. The reports shall contain the information listed in Reporting Requirement E.7. The monitoring reports shall be signed by an authorized person as required by Reporting Requirement E.9. A composite sample is defined as a combination of at least eight sample aliquot of at least 100 milliliters, collected at periodic intervals during the operating hours of a facility over a 24 hour period. For volatile pollutants, aliquot must be combined in the laboratory immediately before analysis. The composite must be flow proportional; either the time interval between each aliquot or the volume of each aliquot must be proportional to either the stream flow at the time of sampling or the total stream flow since the collection of the previous aliquot. or automatically. A grab sample is an individual sample of at least 100 milliliters collected at a randomly selected time over a period not exceeding 15 minutes. Sampling and analysis shall, as a minimum, be conducted in accordance with Article 6 of California Code of Regulations, Title 22, Division 4, Chapter 3 (Reclamation Criteria). Aliquot may be collected manually Fonitoring and Reporting -4- Program No. 93-23 B. EFFLUENT MONITORING 1. The Vallecitos Water District shall review the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant monitoring results for compliance with the following effluent limitations specified in Order No. 93-23 and submit a statement of comDliance as part of Monitoring and Reporting Program No. 93-23. The statement of compliance shall identify and report all effluent limitation violations of Discharge Specifications No. B.l. of this Order. The following monitoring program shall constitute the effluent monitoring program for the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant specific to this Order: ~~ Monitoring Program 1 Monthly Month& Composite Monthly Monthly Total Dissolved Solids Chloride Adjusted Sodium Composite Monthly Monlhly Adsorption ratio * Samples lor coliform bacteria shall be collected at least dally and at a time when wastewater characteristics are most demanding on the treatment facilities and disinlaclion procedures. Tufbidty analysis shall be pelformed by a continuous recording turbidimeter. ** Note: MGD = Million gallons per day mrnholcm = inverse of milliohms per centimeter mgll = milligrams per Iter NTU = Nephelometric Turbidity Units MPNltOO ml = milliliters per Iter Monitoring and Reporting -5- Program No. 93-23 2. The monitoring report shall indicate the flowrate and Title 22 levels being achieved in the effluent discharged for land disposal and/or reclamation from the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant. Flowrate reported in the monitoring report shall be representative of the flow discharged from the Title 22 treatment facility. C. POTABLE SUPPLY WATERS Analysis of the potable waters supplied to the service areas of the wastewater treatment facilities shall be conducted for the following constituent quarterly with the results reported monthly. I Constituent unit i ~ ~~~ Total Dissolved Solids mg/l Chloride mg/l Sulfate Wl D. SEWAGE SOLIDS A log of the type, quantity, and manner of disposal and/or reuse of solids removed in the course of sewage treatment shall be maintained at the facility and made available to the Regional Board staff. In addition, the discharger shall submit a report, to the Regional Board annually, that certifies the sludge treatment process complies with all federal and state regulations. E. RECLAIMED WATER USERS SUMMARY REPORT If the Vallecitos Water District (discharger/producer) is supplying reclaimed water for use by parties other than the Carlsbad Municipal Water District, the discharger/producer shall submit an annual reclaimed water users summary report containing the following information: a) Reclaimed water use site summary infomation The following information shall be submitted for each reclaimed water use site. 1) Name of the reclaimed water use site .Monitoring and Reporting -6- Program No. 93-23 3) Address of the reclaimed water use site 4) Name of the reclaimed water use supervisor 5) Phone number of the reclaimed water use supervisor 6) Mailing address of the reclaimed water use supervisor, if different from site address 7) Basin Plan name and number of hydrologic subarea underlying the reclaimed water use site 8) Volume of reclaimed water delivered to.the reclaimed water use site on a monthly basis. Reclaimed water use summary information 1) Total volume of reclaimed water supplied to all reclaimed water users for each month of the reporting period. 2) Total number of reclaimed water use sites.. Reclaimed water use site inspections Number of reclaimed water use site inspections conducted by discharger/producer staff and identification of sites inspected for the reporting period. Reclaimed water user violations of the discbargar/producer's rules and regulations The discharger/producer shall identify all reclaimed water users known by the discharger/producer to be in violation of the discharger/producer's rules and regulations for reclaimed water users. The report shall include a description of the noncompliance and its cause, including the period of noncompliance, and if the noncompliance has not been corrected; the anticipated time it is expected to continue; and steps taken or planned to reduce, eliminate, and prevent recurrence of the noncompliance. F. REPORTING Monitoring reports shall be submitted to the Executive Officer in accordance with the following schedule: ReDortina Freauencv Revort Period Rebort Due Monthly January, February, By the 30fh March, April, May, day of the June, July, August, following September, October, month November, December Monitoring and Reporting Program No. 93-23 Quarter1 y Semiannually -7- January-March April-June July-September October-December January-June July-December Annually January-December April 30 July 30 October 30 January 30 July 30 January 30 January 30 Monitoring reports shall be submitted to: California Regional Water Quality Control Board San Diego Region 9771 Clairemont Mesa Blvd., Suite B San Diego, CA 92124-1331 Ordered by Arthur L. Coe Executive Officer March 15, 1993 CALIFORNIA REGIONAL WATER QUALIN CONTROL BOARD SAN DIEGO REGION ADDENDUM NO. 1 TO ORDER NO. 93-23 VALLECITOS WATER DISTRICT MEADOWLARK WATER RECLAMATION PMNT SAN DIEGO COUNTY The California Regional Water Quality Control Board, San Diego Region (hereinafter Regional Board), finds that: On March 15, 1993, this Regional Board adopted Order' No. 93-23, Waste Discharge Requirements for the Vallecitos Water District, Meadowlark Water Reclamation Plant, San Diego County. Order No. 93-23 establishes requirements for the disposal of up to 2.0 million gallons per day (MGD) of tertiary treated effluent to be used for irrigation at the La Costa Hotel & Spa and the Aviara Master Association. On April 16, 1996, the Vallecitos Water District submitted a report of waste discharge applying for an increase in the rated capacity of the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Facility from 2.0 MGD to 2.25 MGD. The report documents that 250,000 gallons per day of additional capacity is available with monor operational changes of the feed pattern to the rotating biological contactors (RBC's). The Regional Board has notified all known interested parties of its intent to modify Order No. 93-23 to reflect an increase in the rated capacity of the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Facility from 2.0 MGD to 2.25 MGD. The Regional Board in a public hearing heard and considered all comments pertaining to the modification of Order No. 93-23. On August 21, 1996 the Vallecitos Water District approved an Negative Declaration for this project pursuant to the provisions of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). The project as approved by the Vallecitos Water District will not have a significant impact on the environment. Addendum No. 1 to Order No. 93-23 - 2 - IT IS HEREBY ORDER THAT ORDER NO. 93-23 BE AMENDED AS FOLLOWS: 1. Prohibition A.5 has been changed to: 5. A maximum ffowrate from the Meadowlark Water Reclamation Facility in excess of 2.25 MGD is prohibited unless the'discharger obtains revised waste discharge requirements for the proposed increated flow. I, John H. Robertus, do herby certify the foregoing is a full, true, and correct copy of an Order adopted by the California Regional Water Quality Control Board, on November 14, 1996. Lixecutive Officer Appendix E Existing Water Reclamation Plant Design Criteria and Process Schematics L K.\CMWDM332AM\VOL4APPRPT - Table E-4 Shadowridge WRP Design Summary Buena Sanitation District .- f Item ~ Peak Dry Weather Flow (PDWF) Peak Wet Weather Flow (PWWF) Design BOD, Design Suspended Solids Influent Screening Number Type Capacity Grit Chamber Number Type Length Width Water Depth Volume Minimum Detention Time Rotatina Bioloaical Contractors Number of Shafts Diameter Surface AredShaft Organic Loading First Sjpaft Overa I Hydraulic Loading (Overall) Sedimentation Tanks Number TY Pe Length Width Water Depth Volume Per Tank Detention Time (ADWF) Criteria 1.8 mgd 2.5 mgd 200 mgA 250 mg/l 3 Rotary 900 gpm 1 Aerated 15 feet 9 feet 6 feet 6,060 gal 3.5 min 5 11'-10" No. 1 130,000 sf NOS. 2-5 156,000 Sf 12.59 Ibs BOD5& ,000 Rad" 2.74 Ibs BOD& ,000 ftaday 1.82 gal/ftzday 2 Rectangular 110 R 10 R 8.5 R 70,000 gal 3.08 hours Holdina/Flow Ea. Tank Number Diameter Water Depth Volume Insert Media Filter Number Type Media Diameter Length Surface Area Maximum Working Pressure Hydraulic Loading Backwash Rate Backwash Duration Chlorine Svstem Number Type Capacity Effluent Influent Effluent Dosage @ Ultimate PWWF PWWF Maximum Dose Chlorine Contact Tank Number Length Width (Overall) Water Depth Volume Contact Time @ 800 gpm 1 56 ft 15 ft 275,000 gal 2 Hi-rate Horizontal Coal (anthracite) - sand 9ft 17-0" 160 ff 60 psig 5 gprn/f? I 5 gpm/ft2 6-8 min 3 Gas Vacuum 2 @ 500 PPD w/200 PPD flow meters 1 @ 100 PPD 2.5 mgd 200 Ib/mil gal 1 24 ft 110 n 5.5 n 108,610 gal 2.25 hours Table E-3 Gafner Water Reclamation Facility Design Data Leucadia County Water District Item Average Dry Weather Flow (ADWF) Peak Daily Flow (PDF) Total Suspended Solids’ Primarv Clarifier Dimensions Surface Area Volume Detention Time @ ADWF Detention Time @ PDF Weir Length Weir Overflow BOD,’ Tricklino Filter Dimensions Surface Area Media Depth Volume Media Type Organic Loading @ ADWF Secondarv Clarifier Dimensions Surface Area Volume Detention Time @ ADWF Detention Time @ PDF Sludae Diaester hot in use) Diameter Volume On-Site Storaae Volume Rapid Mix Number Type Flocculation-Clarification Type Number Reactor Detention Time Clarifier Loading Rate Criteria 0.75 mgd 1.50 mgd 240 mgll 270 mgll 35 ft diameter x 9 ft depth 66,000 gal 2 hours 1 hour 6.818 gal/ft/day 962 sq ft 110 ft 65 R diameter x 6 ft depth 2,826 sq ft, ,064 acre 125,000 gal standard density plastic 56 lbll.000 cflday 5.3 ft 35 ft diameter x 9 ft depth 66,000 gal 2 hours 1 hour 962 sq ft 40 ft 243,000 gal 800,000 gal Mechanical Mixer 1 Densadeg High Rate 1 15 min 10,000 gpd/sf K \CMWDM332AW\YOL4APPRPT Filtration Type Number Surface Area. Each Desian Loadina' Rate 4 Filters 3 Filters Chlorine Mix Type Number ~~ Chlorine Contact Tank Detention Time Min. L to WID Ratio Reclamation Water PumDina (Existin@ Number Type Size Capacity Chemical Storaae and Handlinq Chlorine Form Storage Tank Volume Storage Tank Volume Pump Capacity Storage Drum Volume Feed Package Capacity Alum Polymer ' Based on 1991 influent data. Parkson DynaSand 4 50 sf 3.8 gpmlsf 5.0 gpmlsf Mechanical Mixer 1 120 min 40:l 2 (dutyktandby) vertical Turbine 40 hp 1 ,I 25 gpm sodium hypochlorite 12,000 gal 6,000 gal 8 gph 2 x 55 gal 1 gph - K:\CMWD\4332A!X\VOL4APP. RPT Item Design Flow Design BOD, Design Suspended Solids Influent Screens TY Pe Number Criteria 2.0 mgd, average; 3.6 mgd, peak 250 mg/l 250 mgll Rotary Screens with .020 Inch Openings 3 screens, including one standby Capacity Design BODdlnfluent Design BODdEffluent Number of Shafts Diameter Organic Loading Hydraulic Loading Rotatina Bioloaical Contractors 1,700 gpm 225 mgll 30 mg/l 8 11'-10" 4.17 Ibs BOD$1,000 ft2/day 2.0 gal/ft?day Sedimentation Tanks Overflow Rate Number Tank Dimensions 600 gpd/ft gal/ftz average 3 tanks, including one standby 15ftwidex 110ftlongx7ftaverage water depth Chemical Feed Svstem Alum and Polvmer Dosaae I 80 mall Filters Dual Media Filtration Rate Automatic Backwash Number Chlorination Type 3 Chlorinators, Including One Standby Capacity Anthracite and sand 5 gpmlf? at peak flow 20-25 gpm/V, water 3 filters, including one standby Storage for 6 Ton Cylinder with Automatic Switchover (2) 500 Iblday (1) 250 Ib/day ~~ ~ Chlorine Contact Tanks Volume Detention time Number 390,700 gal 5.1 hrs @ ADWF 1 ,..- Effluent PumDinq Location Capacity 1 Effluent Pumps Mounted in Chlorine Contact Tanks (1) 1,389 gpm @ 315 ft TDH (2) 1,200 gpm @ 161 ft TDH ,-- K \CMWD!4332AW\VOUAPP RPT Table E-I Phase IV Design Criteria Encina Water Pollution Control Facility Itern Unit Existing Phase IV DESIGN YEAR -0ADINGS: Flow Average Dry Weather Flow (ADWF) Peak Dry Weather Flow (PDWF) mgd Peak Dry Weather Flow (PWWF) 2.0 Peaking Factor 2.5 Peaking Factor Reclamation Plant Flows Maximum Hydraulic Flow Capacity 30D . PRELIMINARY TREATMENT vletering Type No. Of Units Throat Width, each 3ar Screens Type No. Of Units Channel Width Ear Size Clear Width Peak Hydraulic Capacity, Each Total Hydraulic Capacity, One Units of Standby kreening Conveyor Number 1990 22.5 34.4 45.0 56.3 2.0 115 21 7 40,974 Parshall Flume 2 1 @ 12 Climber 3 4 318 314 30.3 60.6 1 201 0 36.0 68.4 72.0 90.0 2.0 115 21 1 69,914 Parshall Flume 2 1 @ 12 Climber 4 4 318 314 30.3 90.9 1 ,it Chambers Type No. Of Units Length Width Ft. Depth at Top of Grit Hopper Volume, Each Detention Time at PWWF, with 2.0 Peak Factor 'it Pumps Type Number Capacity, each PRIMARY TREATMENT imary Clarifiers No. Of Units Length Width Depth (Average) Surface Area, each Volume, each Length of Weir, each Overflow Rate at ADWF Overflow Rate at ADWF, Detention Time at ADWF Detention Time at ADWF, One Tank Out of Service Nominal Capacity, each Maximum Hydraulic Capacity, each Type One Tank Out of Service sumed Primary Treatment Efficiency BOD Removal SS Removal Ea. Ft. Ft. Ft. 1,000 gal Min. Ea gPm Ea Ft Ft Ft sf 1.000 gal Ft gpd/sf gp@sf Hr Hr mgd mgd Yo Yo Aerated 2 35.0 24.0 17.25 100.6 6.4 Recessed Impeller 4 250 Rect. 6 160 20 9 3,200 215.4 160 1,172 1,406. 1.38 1.15 3.75 10.5 35 65 Aerated 3 35.0 24.0 17.25 100.6 6.0 Recessed Impeller 6 250 Rect. 10 160 20 9 3,200 21 5.4 160 1,125 1,250 1.44 1.30 3.60 10.5 35 65 K:CMWOM332AW\VOL4APP. RPT Primary Sludge Concentration, Avg Primary Sludge VSS Ratio Primary Sludge Pumps Type Number Capacity, each Primary Scum Pumps Type Number Capacity, Each 111. ACTIVATED SLUDGE Aerated Basins No. Of Units Passes per Tank Length per Pass Width per Pass Depth Volume, Each Diffusers per Basin RAS Flow as Percent of Q Average Maximum (All Secondary Clarifiers in service) Detention Time at ADWF BOD Loading BOD Loading, One Unit Out of Service Mean Cell Residence Time Assumed MLSS Concentration MLSS VSS Ratio FIM Ratio 4eration Blowers No. Of Units Yo Yo Ea QPm - Ea gPm Ea Ea Ft Ft Ft 1,000 cf Ea Yo % Hr ppdll ,000 cf ppd/l,OOO cf Days mg1L % IbIBODl IbIMLSSl day Ea 5.5 80 Prog Cav 6 125 Prog Cav 2 150 2 2 298 35 15 31 2.8 6,516 50 80 5.00 44.4 88.7 4.0 1,372 77 0.50 3 5.5 80 Prog Cav 10 125 Prog Cav 2 150 3'1) 2 298 35 15 31 2.8 6,516 50 87 4.68 46.0 68.9 4.3 1,372 77 0.51 4 Capacity, each No. of Engine Driven Units No. Of Motor Driven Units Air Requirements at 1 .O Ib 0 per Ib BOD Removed Secondary Sedimentation Tanks Type No. Of Units Diameter Sidewater Depth Net Surface Area, each Volume, each Length of Weir, each Overflow Rate at ADWF Overflow Rate at PDWF, one Tank out of service Detention Time at ADWF Assumed RASNVAS Concentration RASMAS VSS Ratio Secondary Sludge Pumps RAS Pumps Number Capacity, each WAS Pumps Type Number Capacity, each Type Secondary Scum Pumps Type Number Capacity, each V. EFFLUENT DISPOSAL scfm Ea Ea cfm Ea Ft Ft sf 1,000 cf Ft QPNSf gPWsf Hr mg/L % - Ea gPm Ea QPm Ea QPm 10,000 10,000 2'2' 22 1 2 14,670'3) 22,841 --Circular, Rapid Draw-Off-- 4 105 20 8,659 173.2 503 650 1,324 5.53 3,500 77 Cent. 4 400-3,200 Cent. 3 100-440 Prog Cav 2 25 7'" 105 20 8,659 173.2 503 594 1,316 6.04 3,500 77 Cent. 7 400-3,200 Cent. 4 100-600 Prog Cav 2 25 Effluent Pumping No. Of Units Total Pumping Capacity, with 1 stand-by-pump at Highest Recorded Tide Ocean Outfall Diameter Length Avg. Discharge Depth at Diffuser Capacity, @ Highest Record Tide Effluent Equalization Storage Process Volume Available Volume Required at: 2.0 Peaking Factor 2.5 Peaking Factor Primary Effluent Equal, Pumps Type Number Capacity, each Secondary Effluent Equal, Pumps Type Number Capacity, each Expected Effluent Quality BOD mg/L Suspended Solids V. SOLIDS HANDLING DAF Thickeners No. Of Units Diameter Sidewater Depth Area, each Ea mgd In Ft Ft Mgd mgal mgal mgal Ea gPm Ea gPm 30 mg/L Ea Ft Ft sf 3'4' 58.0 48/72 7,800 150 58.0 -0- -0- -0- -0- -0- - 30 30 2 40 10 1,250 4 58.0 48/72 7,800 150 58.0 3.5'5' 1 .o 7.0 Submer. 2 3,000 Submer. 2 3,000 30 3 40 10 1,250 Surface Loading Rate at ADWF, Assumed Solids Capture Yo with Polymer Addition % Iblsflhr with One Unit Out of Service Assumed Thickened WAS Concentration DAF Thickener Pumps Pressurization Pumps Type Number Capacity, each TWAS Pumps Type Number Capacity, each 4naerobic Digesters Units No. 1 through 3 Number Diameter Sidewater Depth Volume. each Unit No. 4 Number Diameter Sidewater Depth Volume. each VSS Loading (Clean) VSS Loading (Clean) with One Large Unit Out of Service Hydraulic Detention Time (Clean) Hydraulic Detention Time (Clean) Assumed Average VSS Removal Assumed Average Digester with One Large Unit Out of Service Ea gPm Ea QPm 0.93 95 4.0 Vert Turb 3 4751675 Prog Cav 2 225 Ea 3 Ft 50 Ft 22 1.000 cf 42.2 Ea 3 Ft 105 Ft 35 1 .ooo cf 274.0 ppdlcf PPd/ Gas Production ligester Pumps/Compressors 3as Mixing Compressors (Dig. Nos. 1-4) Type Number Number Number Capacity, each Capacity, each Capacity, each Iigester Mixing Pumps (Dig. Nos. 5&6) Type Number Capacity, each ieated Sludge Recirc. Pumps Type Number Number Capacity, each Capacity, each 4ot Water Circulating Pumps Type Number Number Capacity, each Capacity, each Iigested Sludge Pumps Type Number Capacity, each Type Number Capacity, each Ea scfm Ea scfm - Ea gPm Ea gPm Ea gPm Ea gPm Ea QPm Ea gPm Ea gPm P.D. Lobe 3 360 1 1,400 -0- - Ret Imp 3 500 1 650 Centr. 3 80 1 500 P.D. Lobe 4 175 Prog. Cav. -0- -0- P.D. Lobe 3 360 1 1,400 Screw Centr. 4 6,000 Rec Imp 3 500 3 650 Centr. 3 80 3 500 P.D. Lobe 2 175 Prog. Cav. 6 150 3elt Filter Presses Units No. 1 through 4 No. Of Units Ea Nominal Size, Each Meters Capacity, Each 9Pm Assumed Solids Capture % Assumed Dewatered Solids % Concentration Usage per Belt Press Assumed Average Wash Water 9Pm A. POWER GENERATION No. Of Units Capacity, each Ea Kw 111. DISINFECTION (FOR ON-SITE RECLAMATION) :hlorine Contact Basin No. Of Units Passes per Tank Length Width per Pass Depth Volume, Each :hlorination Equipment ivaporators No. Of Units Capacity ;hlorinators No. Of Units Capacity Prechlorination 1 Prechlorination 2 Return Activated Sludge No. 3 Water Ea Ea Ft Ft Ft 1,000 cf Ea PPd Ea PPd PPd PPd PPd 4 2 120 90-98 15.2 120 3 475 2 3 44 3.54 15.5 7.24 4 8,000 1 8,000 2,000 2,000 500 4 2 120 90-98 15.2 120 3 475 2 3 44 3.54 15.5 7.24 4 8,000 1 8,000 2,000 2,000 500 Injectors No. Of Units Capacity Prechlorination 1 Prechlorination 2 Return Activated Sludge No. 3 Water VIII. TANK DRAINAGE SYSTEMS GriffPrimary Drainage Pumps Type Number Capacity, Each Ea 4 4 PPd 3.000 3,000 PPd 2,000 2,000 PPd 2,000 2,000 PPd 500 500 Self Self Prim Prim Ea 2 2 gPm 450 450 4eration/Secondary Drainage Pumps Type Centr. Centr. Number Ea 2 2 Capacity, Each gPm 360 360 11) The 4th aeration basin and 8th secondary clarifier are to be constructed during the Phase IV Expansion and are to be utilized for effluent equalization storage until they are required for process treatment. Due to current APCD permit limitations only 1 engine driven blower can be operated on digester gas at any time. Currently operating in the range of air requirements between 0.5 to 0.7 Ib 0 per Ib BOD removed. Effluent Pump No. 3 is scheduled to be installed prior to the beginning of phase IV as an interim project. The 7th secondary clarifier volume of 1.3 mgd will also be available until approximately the year 1998. :2) :3) 14) 15) 16) Pressurization Pump Nos. 4-6 to be single speed 675 gpm only. RECLAIMED WATER MASTER PLAN REFERENCES 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. - 8. 9. 'City of Carlsbad Water Reclamation Master Plan", Dudek and Associates, Inc., August 1990. "North County Water Reclaimed Project-Phase II Master Plan", Camp Dresser 8, McKee, June 1996. 'Final Project Summary Report, Water Reclamation Loan Program, Carlsbad Municipal Water District, Encina Basin Project-Phase I", Carlsbad Municipal Water District, March 1995. 'Second Annual Progress Report, Water Reclamation Loan Program, Carlsbad Municipal Water District, Encina Basin Project-Phase I", Carlsbad Municipal Water District, February 1996. 'Draft TDS Alternative Analysis", Encina Wastewater Authority, January 1996. 'Vallecitos Water District Final Water, Wastewater and Reclamation Master Plan", John S. Murk Engineers, Inc., July 1991. 'Encina Water Pollution Control Facility 2020 Facility Plan Update", John Carollo Engineers, February 1993. "Encina Wastewater Authority Ocean Outfall Disposal Capacity", Carollo Engineers, February 1996. 'Preliminary Site Evaluation," HYA Consulting Engineers, March 1994. .-