HomeMy WebLinkAboutCT 02-11; TUSCANY BY THE SEA TOWNHOMES; WATER POLLUTANTS CONTROL PLAN; 2005-01-14WATER POLLUTANTS CONTROL PLAN (WPCP)
for
TUSCANY BY THE SEA TOWN HOMES
CITY OF CARLSBAD TRACT NO. CT 02-11
DATED: January 14, 2005
Prepared By
Snipes-Dye Associates
civil engineers and lanti surt/eyars
8348 Center Drive, Suite G
La Mesa, CA 91942-2910
619/697-9234, fax 619/460-2033
CAI 062
WATER POLLUTANTS CONTROL PLAN
Based on the City of Carlsbad Storm Water Quality Project Priority Determination
Cliecklist, the project is deemed to be a "Medium Priority Project" due to the
grading / soil disturbance and the negatively effect water quality construction
materials, during the construction period. The net area of the project site is 0.7
acres.
This Water Pollutants Control Plan (WPCP) must be kept on site and made
available to a representative ofthe City of Carlsbad when requested.
The proposed project consists of constructing four three-story condominium units.
There will be 13 residential units within the four buildings. The second floors will
all be connected via walkways. The first floor building footprint will encompass
9500 square feet and will consist of only garages, no living units. There will be a
parking lot for 8 parking spaces and drive aisles. The total concrete paving
proposed is approximately 9000 square feet. There will also be approximately 3700
square feet of concrete sidewalk within the project boundaries. The project proposes
approximately 8500 square feet of landscaping. See Erosion Control Plan for the
precise grading plan.
A. PLANNING AND ORGANIZATION
LIST OF CONTACT PERSONNEL
OWNER /DEVELOPER:
Randall Lockett, Owner
P.O. Box 1842
Carlsbad, CA 92018
(760) 729-7540; fax (760)729-8856
WPCP PREPARED BY:
William A. Snipes, Principal
Snipes-Dye Associates
8348 Center Drive, Suite G
La Mesa, CA 91942-2910
(619) 697-9234; fax (619) 460-2033
CONTRACTOR: (In charge of implementing and revising the WPCP as necessary and
responsible for prestorm, poststorm and storm event BMP inspections)
Name:
Address:
Phone:
SUBCONTRACTOR:
Name:
Address:
Phone:
SUBCONTRACTOR:
Name:
Address:
Phone:
SUBCONTRACTOR:
Name:
Address:
Phone:
WEATHER FORECASTING AND INSPECTIONS OF BMP'S:
Name:
Address:
Phone:
"Inspections will be performed before and after storm events and once each 24-
hour period during extended storm events to identify BMP effectiveness and
implement repairs or design changes as soon as feasible depending upon Geld
conditions. Equipment, materials, and workers must be available for rapid
response to failures and emergencies. All corrective maintenance to BMPs shall
be performed as soon as possible after the conclusion of each storm depending
upon worker safety."
For an inspection checklist, see Appendix C
PERSON RESPONSIBLE FOR TRAINING OF EMPLOYEES
ABOUTBMPS:
Name:
Address:
Phone:
Training will be conducted on a weekly basis at job site meetings.
B. SITEMAP
See Appendix A.
C. POTENTIAL POLLUTANT SOURCES
For the construction of the condom, the following materials have the potential to
contribute to the discharge of pollutants other than sediment in storm water: oil,
grease, trash and concrete waste. Grading operation has great potential for the
sediment to enter the storm drain system. The potential ofthe present of oil and
grease at the site is the result of leaks and spills from construction equipments
and vehicles. The site also generates concrete waste and pollutants such as paint
which potentially enter the storm drain system.
D. BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
The following BMPs listed and detailed in the Caltrans Storm Water Quality
Handbook, Construction site Best Management Practices Manual, March 2003
are selected as being appropriate for this specific site and should be
implemented during the construction phase, according to this SWCP and as need
to ensure the protection of the pollutants from entering storm drain system.
• SS-1 - Scheduling: This activity provides for the sequencing of construction
activities to reduce the amount and duration of soil exposed to erosion by wind,
rain, runoff and vehicle tracking.
• SS-2 - Preservation of Existing Vegetation: Preserve the existing vegetation
as much as possible. Install temporary construction fence at the limit of
construction or soil disturbance.
• SS-3 • Mulching: Mulching is used to temporarily or permanently stabilize
cleared or freshly seeded areas. Hydro seed is an example of seed and mulch
being placed at the same time. Hydro seed is expected to be used to mitigate
surface soil disturbance occurring in the process of placing septic fields.
• SS-4 • Seeding and Planting: Normally done at the conclusion of site
disturbance to become a permanent BMP, seeding and planting of grasses,
shrubs, trees and/or ground covers provides long-term stabilization of soil.
• SS-7 - Geotextiles and Mats: Matting made of natural or synthetic materials
may be used to temporarily stabilize slope areas and shallow swales.
• SS-9 • Earth Dike / Drainage Swale: The temporary earth dike shall be used
to channel drainage from the graded pads to temporary sediment traps (see SC-
3). Temporary drains and swales shall be used to divert runoff around the
construction site, to divert runoff from stabilized areas around disturbed areas
and to direct runoff into sediment traps.
• SS-10 • Outlet Protection: At locations where runoff is concentrated by a pipe
or open channel, outlet protection in the form of rock, grouted rip-rap or concrete
rubble shall be placed to prevent scour of the soil and to absorb flow energy to
reduce flow velocities to non-erosive levels.
• SC-1 • Silt Fence: A silt fence that detains sediment-laden water shall be
used at the down slope limits of site disturbance to promote sedimentation
behind the fence, while releasing the water.
" SC-3 • Sediment Trap: Sediment traps shall be used to settle out sediment
from runoff leaving the site.
• SC-5 - Fiber Roll: A fiber roll that intercepts runoff, reduces its flow velocity,
releases the runoff as sheet flow and provides some removal of sediment from
the runoff shall be used at the down slope limits of site disturbance.
• SC-6 - Gravel Bag Berm: A gravel bag berm that intercepts runoff, reduces
its flow velocity, releases the runoff as sheet flow and provides some removal of
sediment from the runoff shall be used at the down slope limits of site
disturbance.
• SC-7 - Street Sweeping and Vacuuming: Street sweeping and vacuuming
will remove tracked sediment preventing the sediment from entering storm
drain system.
• SC-10 • Storm Drain Inlet Protection: Devices of various designs which
detain sediment-laden runoff and allow the sediment to settle prior to discharge
into a storm drain inlet or catch basin.
• WE-1 - Dust Control: Dust control measures are used to stabilize soil from
wind erosion, and reduce dust generated by construction activities. Periodic
watering will address these issues.
• TC-1 - Stabihzed Construction Entrance: A stabilized pad of aggregate
underlain with filter cloth located at the point where traffic wiU enter or leave
the construction site will significantly reduce the amount of sediment tracked
off-site. The TC-1 shall be modified to provide 2" to 3" minus rock. Also, a fence,
barrier, or other approved device shall be installed to restrict access to only the
construction entrance.
• NS-2 • Dewatering Operations: Prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants
to storm water from dewatering operations by using sediment controls and by
testing the groundwater for pollution.
• NS-3 - Paving Operations: Prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants from
paving operations, using measures to prevent runon and runoff pollution,
properly disposing of wastes and training employees and subcontractors.
• NS-9 - Vehicle and Equipment Fueling: Prevent or reduce the discharge of
pollutants to storm water by using off-site facilities, fueling in designated areas
only, enclosing or covering stored fuel, implementing spiU controls and training
employees and subcontractors.
• WM-1 • Material Storage and Delivery: Prevent or reduce the discharge of
poUutants to storm water from material delivery and storage by minimizing the
storage of hazardous materials on-site, storing materials in a designated area,
installing secondary containment, conducting regular inspections and training
employees and subcontractors.
• WM-2 • Material Use: Prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to storm
water from material use by using alternative products, minimizing hazardous
material use on-site and training employees and subcontractors.
• WM-4 - Spill Prevention and Control: Prevent or reduce the discharge of
pollutants to storm water from leaks and spills by reducing the chance for spills,
stopping the source of spills, containing and cleaning up spills, properly
disposing of spill materials and training employees.
• WM-5 - Solid Waste Management: Prevent or reduce the discharge of
pollutants to storm water from solid or construction waste by providing
designated waste collection areas and containers, arranging for regiilar disposal
and training employees and subcontractors.
• WM-8 - Concrete Waste Management: Prevent or reduce the discharge of
pollutants to storm water from concrete waste by conducting washout off-site,
performing on-site washout in a designated areas and training employees and
subcontractors.
• WM-9 - Sanitary Waste Management: Prevent or reduce the discharge of
pollutants to storm water from sanitary waste by providing convenient, well-
maintained facilities and arranging for regular service and disposal.
Employee/subcontractor training, like maintenance or a piece of equipment, is
not so much a best management practice as it is a method by which to
implement BMFs.
The responsibility of implementing the above BMPs and the responsibility of
maintaining them during the construction activity shall reside with the licensed
contractor who is responsible for overall project construction management. In
the event the owner chooses to be the project manager, the responsibihty will
reside with the owner.
The property owner shall provide the fiscal resources necessary for
implementing the above structural and maintenance BMP's and keeping them in
good operating order.
After the completion of construction, all permanent BMPs implanted and fully
functional and the building occupancy is approved by the City of Carlsbad, the
program outlined in this document shall be resided with the Home Owner
Association (HOA). In the event that there are deficiencies in the delineated
maintenance activities, adjustments shall be made and documented to address
any such deficiencies.
E. REFERENCES
The following references were used in the preparation ofthis WQCP:
• Citv of Carlsbad STORM WATER STANDARDS MANUAL
• Countv of San Diego Watershed Protection. Stormwater Management, and
Discharge Control Ordinance
• Storm Water Qualitv Handbooks, Project Planning and Design Guide,
CalTrans (State of California Department of Transportation), Camp Dresser
& McKee, Inc., May 2000.
• Staff Report for Standard Urban Storm Water Mitigation Plans and
Numerical Sizing Criteria for Best Management Practices, Cahfornia
Regional Water Quality Control Board, San Diego Region, 2001.
• Soil Survev. USDA Soil Conservation Service, December 1973.
• California Storm Water Best Management Practice Handbooks (Construction
Activitv and Municipal). Camp Dresser & McKee. et al. March 1993.
STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
APPLICANT'S CERTIFICATION OF SWMP
I certify under a penalty of law that this document and all attachments were prepared
under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that
qualified persormel properly gather and evaluate the infonnation submitted. Based on my
inquiry ofthe person or persons who manage the system, or those persons directly
responsible for gathering the information, the information submitted is to the best of my
knowledge and belief, true, accurate and complete. I am aware that there are significant
penalties for submitting false infonnation, including the possibility of fme and
imprisonment for knowing violations.
Signature Date
Name and Title Telephone Number
Scheduling SS-1
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
• Soil Stabilization
• Seciiment Control
• Tracking Control
• Wind Erosion Control
• Non-Storm Water IVIanagement
• Materials and Waste Management
Definition and
Purpose
Appropriate
Applications
This best management practice (BMP) involves developing, for every project, a
schedule that includes sequencing of construction activities with the
implementation of construction site BMPs such as temporary soil stabilization
(erosion control) and temporary sediment controls measures. The purpose is to
reduce the amount and duration of soil exposed to erosion by wind, rain, runoff
and vehicle tracking, and to perform the construction activities and control
practices in accordance with the planned schedule.
Construction sequencing shall be scheduled to minimize land disturbance for all
projects during the rainy and non-rainy season. Appropriate BMPs shall be
implemented during both rainy and non-rainy seasons.
Limitations None identified.
Standards and
Specifications
Developing a schedule and plarming the project are the very first steps in an
effective storm water program. The schedule shall clearly show how the rainy
season relates to soil-disturbing and re-stabilization activities. The
construction schedule shall be incorporated into the SWPPP or WPCP.
The schedule shall include detail on the rainy season implementation and
deployment of:
- Temporary soil stabilization BMPs.
- Temporary sediment control BMPs.
Tracking control BMPs.
Wind erosion control BMPs.
JHE^— Caltrans Stomn Water Quality Handtxioks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
^,^5^ March 1,2003
Section 3
Scheduling SS-1
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Scheduling SS-1
- Non-stonn water BMPs.
- Waste management and materials pollution control BMPs.
Schedule shall also include dates for significant long-term operations or
activities that may have planned non-storm water discharges such as
dewatering, sawcutting, grinding, drilling, boring, crushing, blasting,
painting, hydro-demolition, mortar mixing, bridge cleaning, etc.
Schedule work to minimize soil disturbing activities during the rainy season.
Develop the sequencing and timetable for the start and completion of each
item such as site clearing and grubbing, grading, excavation, paving, pouring
foundations, installing utilities, etc., to minimize the active construction area
during the rainy season.
Schedule major grading operations for the non-rainy season when practical.
Stabilize non-active areas within 14 days from the cessation of soil-disturbing
activities or one day prior to the onset of precipitation, whichever occurs first.
Monitor the weather forecast for rainfall.
When rainfall is predicted, adjust the construction schedule to allow the
implementation of soil stabilization and sediment controls and sediment
treatment controls on all disturbed areas prior to the onset of rain.
Be prepared year-round to deploy soil stabilization and sediment control
practices as required by Section 2 of this Manual. Erosion may be caused
during dry seasons by unseasonal rainfall, wind, and vehicle tracking. Keep
the site stabilized year-round, and retain and maintain rainy season sediment
trapping devices in operational condition.
Sequence trenching activities so that most open portions are closed before
new trenching begins.
Incorporate staged seeding and re-vegetation of graded slopes as work
progresses.
Consider scheduling when establishing permanent vegetation (appropriate
planting time for specified vegetation).
Apply permanent erosion control to areas deemed substantially complete
during the project's defined seeding window.
Caltrans Stonn Water Quality Handbooks Section 3
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Scheduling SS-1
Maintenance and
Inspection
Verify that work is progressing in accordance with the schedule. If progress
deviates, take corrective actions.
Amend the schedule when changes are warranted or when directed by the
Resident Engineer (RE).
The Special Provisions require armual submittal of a rainy season
implementation schedule. Amend the schedule prior to the rainy season to
show updated information on the deployment and implementation of
construction site BMPs.
Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices IManuai
March 1,2003
Section 3
Scheduling SS-1
Sof 3
Preservation of Existing Vegetation SS-2
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
Soil Stabilization
• Sediment Control
o Tracking Controi
o Wind Erosion Control
• Non-Storm Water Management
o Materials and Waste Management
Definition and
Purpose
Appropriate
Applications
Preservation of existing vegetation is the identification and protection of desirable
vegetation that provides erosion and sediment control benefits.
• Preserve existing vegetation at areas on a site where no construction activity is
plaimed or will occur at a later date. Specifications for preservation of existing
vegetation can be found in Standard Specifications, Section 7-1.11.
• On a year-round basis, temporary fencing shall be provided prior to the
commencement of clearing and grubbing operations or other soil-disturbing
activities in areas.
• Clearing and grubbing operations should be staged to preserve existing
vegetation.
Limitations Protection of existing vegetation requires plarming, and may limit the area available
for construction activities.
Standards and
Specifications
Timing
m Preservation of existing vegetation shall be provided prior to the
commencement of clearing and grubbing operations or other soil-disturbing
activities in areas identified on the plans to be preserved, especially on areas
designated as Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs).
• Preservation of existing vegetation shall conform to scheduling requirements
set forth in the special provisions.
Design and Layout
m Mark areas to be preserved with temporary fencing made of orange
polypropylene that is stabilized against ultraviolet light. The temporary
fencing shall be at least 1 meter (3.2. ft) tall and shall have openings not larger
than 50 mm by 50 mm (2 in by 2 in).
Caltrans Storni Water Quality Handbooks
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March 1, 2003
Section 3
Preservation of Existing Vegetation SS-2
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Preservation of Existing Vegetation SS-2
• Fence posts shall be either wood or metal, at the Contractor's discretion, as
appropriate for the intended purpose. The post spacing and depth shall be
adequate to completely support the fence in an upright position.
• Minimize the disturbed areas by locating temporary roadways to avoid stands
of trees and shrubs and to follow existing contours to reduce cutting and filling.
• Consider the impact of grade changes to existing vegetation and the root zone.
Installation
m Construction materials, equipment storage, and parking areas shall be located
where they will not cause root compaction.
• Keep equipment away from trees to prevent trunk and root damage.
• Maintain existing irrigation systems.
• Employees and subcontractors shall be instructed to honor protective devices.
No heavy equipment, vehicular traffic, or storage piles of any construction
materials shall be permitted within the drip line of any tree to be retained.
Removed trees shall not be felled, pushed, or pulled into any retained trees.
Fires shall not be permitted within 30 m (100 fl) of the drip line of any retained
trees. Any fires shall be of limited size, and shall be kept under continual
siirveillance. No toxic or construction materials (including paint, acid, nails,
gypsum board, chemicals, fiiels, and lubricants) shall be stored wdthin 15 m (50
ft) of the drip line of any retained trees, nor disposed of in any way which
would injure vegetation.
Trenching and Tunneling
m Trenching shall be as far away from tree trunks as possible, usually outside of
the tree drip line or canopy. Curve trenches around trees to avoid large roots or
root concentrations. If roots are encountered, consider tuimeling under them.
When trenching and/or tuimeling near or under trees to be retained, tunnels
shall be at least 450 mm (18 in) below the ground surface, and not below the
tree center to minimize impact on the roots.
• Tree roots shall not be left exposed to air; they shall be covered with soil as
soon as possible, protected, and kept moistened with wet burlap or peat moss
until the tunnel and/or trench can be completed.
• The ends of damaged or cut roots shall be cut off smoothly.
• Trenches and tunnels shall be filled as soon as possible. Carefiil filling and
tamping will eliminate air spaces in the soil which can damage roots.
• Remove any trees intended for retention if those trees are damaged seriously
enough to affect their survival. If replacement is desired or required, the new
tree shall be of similar species, and at least 50 mm (2 in) caliper, unless
Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks Section 3
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Preservation of Existing Vegetation SS-2
otherwise required by the contract documents.
• After all other work is complete, fences and barriers shall be removed last. This
is because protected trees may be destroyed by carelessness during the final
cleanup and landscaping.
Maintenance and During construction, the limits of disturbance shall remain clearly marked at all
Inspection times. Irrigation or maintenance of existing vegetation shall conform to the
requirements in the landscaping plan. If damage to protected trees still occurs,
maintenance guidelines described below shall be followed:
• Serious tree injuries shall be attended to by an arborist.
• During construction. District Environmental shall be contacted to ensure that
ESAs are protected.
Caltrans Stomi Water Quality Handbooks Section 3
Constructton Site Best IVIanagement Practices Manual Presen/ation of Existing Vegetation SS-2
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Hydraulic Mulch SS-3
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
• Soii Stabilization
o Sediment Control
o Tracking Control
• Wind Erosion Control
o Non-Storm Water Management
o Materials and Waste Management
Definition and
Purpose
Hydraulic mulch consists of applying a mixture of shredded wood fiber or a
hydraulic matrix and a stabilizing emulsion or tackifier with hydroseeding
equipment, which temporarily protects exposed soil fi'om erosion by raindrop
impact or wind. This is one of five temporary soil stabilization altematives to
consider.
Appropriate
Applications
Hydraulic mulch is applied to disturbed areas requiring temporary protection
until permanent vegetation is established or disturbed areas that must re-
disturbed following an extended period of inactivity.
Limitations • Wood fiber hydraulic mulches are generally short-lived (only last a part of a
growing season) and need 24 hours to dry before rainfall occurs to be
effective.
Standards and
Specifications
Paper mulches are not pennitted.
Avoid use in areas where the mulch would be incompatible with immediate
future earthwork activities and would have to be removed.
Prior to application, roughen embankment and fill areas by rolling with a
crimping or punching type roller or by track walking. Track walking shall
only be used where other methods are impractical.
Hydraulic matrices require 24 hours to dry before rainfall occurs to be
effective unless approved by the Resident Engineer.
Avoid mulch over-spray onto the traveled way, sidewalks, lined drainage
channels, and existing vegetation.
Selection of hydraulic mulches by the Contractor must be approved by the
Resident Engineer (RE) or Construction Storm Water Coordinator.
Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices IVIanual
March 1,2003
Section 3
Hydraulic Mulch SS-3
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Hydraulic Mulch SS-3
• Materials for wood fiber based hydraulic mulches and hydraulic matrices
shall conform to Standard Specifications Section 20-2.07.
• Hydraulic Mulch
• Wood fiber mulch is a component of hydraulic applications. It is typically
appUed at the rate of 2,250 to 4,500 kilograms per hectare (kg/ha) (2,000 to
4,000 Ib/ac) with 0-5% by weight of a stabilizing emulsion or tackifier (e.g.,
guar, psyllium, acrylic copolymer) and applied as a slurry. This type of mulch
is manufactured from wood or wood waste from lumber mills or fi-om urban
sources. Specifications for wood fiber mulch can be found in Standard
Specifications Sections 20-2.07 and 20-2.08.
• Hydraulic matrix is a combination of wood fiber mulch and a tackifier applied
as a slurry. It is typically applied at the rate of 2,250 to 4,500 kilograms per
hectare (kg/Ha) with 5-10% by weight of a stabilizing emulsion or tackifier
(e.g., guar, psyllium, acrylic copolymer).
• Hydraulic Matrix
• Hydraulic matrix is a combination of wood fiber mulch and tackifier applied
as a slurry. It is typically applied at the rate of 2,250 to 4,500 kg/ha with 5-
10% by weight of a stabilizing emulsion or tackifier (e.g., guar, psyllium,
acrylic copolymer).
• Bonded Fiber Matrix
• Bonded fiber matrix (BFM) is a hydraulically-applied system of fibers and
adhesives that upon drying forms an erosion-resistant blanket that promotes
vegetation, and prevents soil erosion. BFMs are typically applied at rates
from 3,400 kg/ha to 4,500 kg/ha based on the manufacturer's
recommendation. The biodegradable BFM is composed of materials that are
100% biodegradable. The binder in the BFM should also be biodegradable
and should not dissolve or disperse upon re-wetting. Typically, biodegradable
BFMs should not be applied immediately before, during or immediately after
rainfall if the soil is saturated. Depending on the product, BFMs require 12 to
24 hours to dry to become effective.
Maintenance and • Maintain an unbroken, temporary mulched ground cover throughout the
Inspections period of construction when the soils are not being reworked. Inspect before
expected rain storms and repair any damaged ground cover and re-mulch
exposed areas of bare soil.
• After any rainfall event, the Contractor is responsible for maintaining all
slopes to prevent erosion.
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Hydroseeding SS-4
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
• Soli Stabilization
o Sediment Control
o Tracking Control
• Wind Erosion Control
o Non-Storm Water Management
o Materials and Waste Management
Definition and
Purpose
Hydroseeding typically consists of applying a mixture of wood fiber, seed,
fertilizer, and stabilizing emulsion with hydro-mulch equipment, which
temporarily protects exposed soils from erosion by water and wind. This is one of
five temporary soil stabilization altematives to consider.
Appropriate • Hydroseeding is applied on disturbed soil areas requiring temporary
Applications protection until permanent vegetation is established or disturbed soil areas
that must be re-disturbed following an extended period of inactivity.
Limitations • Hydroseeding may be used alone only when there is sufficient time in the
season to ensure adequate vegetation establishment and erosion control.
Otherwise, hydroseeding must be used in conjunction with a soil binder or
mulching (i.e., straw mulch), refer to BMP SS-5, Table 1 for options.
• Steep slopes are difficult to protect with temporary seeding.
• Temporary seeding may not be appropriate in dry periods without
supplemental irrigation.
• Temporary vegetation may have to be removed before permanent vegetation
is applied.
• Temporary vegetation is not appropriate for short-term inactivity.
Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks
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Hydroseeding SS-4
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Hydroseeding SS-4
Standards and To select appropriate hydroseeding mixtures, an evaluation of site conditions shall
Specifications be performed with respect to:
- Soil conditions - Maintenance requirements
- Site topography - Sensitive adjacent areas
- Season and climate - Water availability
- Vegetation types - Plans for permanent vegetation
• Selection of hydroseeding mixtures shall be approved by the District
Landscape Architect and the Constmction Storm Water Coordinator.
The following steps shall be followed for implementation:
• Seed mix shall comply with the Standard Specifications Section 20-2.10, and
the project's special provisions.
• Hydroseeding can be accomplished using a multiple-step or one-step process;
refer to the special provisions for specified process. The multiple-step
process ensures maximum direct contact of the seeds to soil. When the one-
step process is used to apply the mixture of fiber, seed, etc., the seed rate shall
be increased to compensate for all seeds not having direct contact with the
soil.
• Prior to application, roughen the slope, fill area, or area to be seeded with the
fiirrows trending along the contours. Rolling with a crimping or punching
type roller or track walking is required on all slopes prior to hydroseeding.
Track walking shall only be used where other methods are impractical.
• Apply a straw mulch to keep seeds in place and to moderate soil moisture and
temperature until the seeds germinate and grow, refer to Standard
Specifications Sections 20-2.06 and 20-3.03.
• All seeds shall be in conformance with the Califomia State Seed Law of the
Department of Agriculture. Each seed bag shall be delivered to the site sealed
and clearly marked as to species, purity, percent germination, dealer's
guarantee, and dates of test; provide the Resident Engineer (RE) with such
documentation. The container shall be labeled to clearly reflect the amount of
Pure Live Seed (PLS) contained. All legume seed shall be pellet-inoculated.
Inoculant sources shall be species-specific and shall be applied at a rate of 2
kg of inoculant per 100 kg of seed (2-lb inoculant per 100-lb seed), refer to
Standard Specifications Section 20-2.10.
• Commercial fertilizer shall conform to the requirements of the Califomia
Food and Agricultural Code. Fertilizer shall be pelleted or granular form.
JBflL Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks Section 3
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Hydroseeding SS-4
• Follow-up applications shall be made as needed to cover weak spots, and to
maintain adequate soil protection.
• Avoid over-spray onto the traveled way, sidewalks, lined drainage channels,
and existing vegetation.
Maintenance and • All seeded areas shall be inspected for failures and re-seeded, fertilized, and
Inspection mulched within the planting season, using not less than half the original
application rates. Any temporary revegetation efforts that do not provide
adequate cover must be reapplied at a scheduled recommended by the
Caltrans Landscape Architect or RE.
• After any rainfall event, the Contractor is responsible for maintaining all
slopes to prevent erosion.
Caitrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks Section 3
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Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers
and Erosion Control Blankets SS-7
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
• Soil Stabilization
o Sediment Control
o Tracking Control
• Wind Erosion Control
o Non-Storm Water Management
o Materials and Waste Management
Definition and This Best Management Practice (BMP) involves the placement of geotextiles.
Purpose mats, plastic covers, or erosion control blankets to stabilize disturbed soil areas
and protect soils from erosion by wind or water. This is one of five temporary
soil stabilization alternatives to consider.
Appropriate These measures are used when disturbed soils may be particularly difficult to
Applications stabilize, including the following situations:
• Steep slopes, generally steeper than 1:3 (V:H).
• Slopes where the erosion potential is high.
• Slopes and disturbed soils where mulch must be anchored.
• Disturbed areas where plants are slow to develop.
• Channels with flows exceeding 1.0 m/s (3.3 ft/s).
• Channels to be vegetated.
• Stockpiles.
• Slopes adjacent to water bodies of Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs).
(Ubarm
Caltrans Stonm Water Quality Handbooks
Construction Site Best IVIanagement Practices IVIanual
March 1, 2003
Section 3
Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers and EC Blankets SS-7
1 of 11
Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers
and Erosion Control Blankets SS-7
Limitations • Blankets and mats are more expensive than other erosion control measures,
due to labor and material costs. This usually limits their application to areas
inaccessible to hydraulic equipment, or where other measures are not
applicable, such as channels.
• Blankets and mats are generally not suitable for excessively rocky sites, or
areas where the final vegetation will be mowed (since staples and netting can
catch in mowers).
• Blankets and mats must be removed and disposed of prior to application of
permanent soil stabilization measures.
• Plastic sheeting is easily vandalized, easily tom, photodegradable, and must
be disposed of at a landfill.
• Plastic results in 100% runoff, which may cause serious erosion problems in
the areas receiving the increased flow.
• The use of plastic shall be limited to covering stockpiles, or very small graded
areas for short periods of time (such as through one imminent storm event),
until altemative measures, such as seeding and mulching, may be installed.
• Geotextiles, mats, plastic covers, and erosion control covers have maximum
flow rate limitations; consult the manufacturer for proper selection.
Standards and Material Selection
Specifications There are many types of erosion control blankets and mats, and selection of the
appropriate type shall be based on the specific type of application and site
conditions. Selection(s) made by the Contractor must be approved by the
Resident Engineer (RE); certification of compliance shall be in accordance with
Standard Specifications Section 6-1.07.
GeotextfVes
• Material shall be a woven polypropylene fabric with minimum thickness of
1.5 mm (0.06 inch), minimum width of 3.7 m (12 ft) and shall have minimum
tensile strength of 0.67 kN (warp) 0.36 kN (fill) in conformance with the
requirements in ASTM Designation: D 4632. The permittivity of the fabric
shall be approximately 0.07 sec -1 in conformance with the requirements in
ASTM Designation: D4491. The fabric shall have an ultraviolet (UV)
stability of 70 percent in conformance with the requirements in ASTM
designation: D4355. Geotextile blankets shall be secured in place with wire
staples or sandbags and by keying into tops of slopes and edges to prevent
infiltration of surface waters under Geotextile. Staples shall be made of 3.05-
mm (0.12-inch) steel wire and shall be U-shaped with 200-mm (8-inch) legs
and 50-mm (2-inch) crown.
• Geotextiles may be reused if, in the opinion of the RE, they are suitable for
the use intended.
Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks Section 3
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manuai Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers and EC Blankets SS-7
March 1, 2003 2 of 11
SS-7 Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers
and Erosion Control Blankets
Plastic Covers
m Plastic sheeting shall have a minimum thickness of 6 mil, and shall be keyed
in at the top of slope and firmly held in place with sandbags or other weights
placed no more than 3 m (10 ft) apart. Seams are typically taped or weighted
down their entire length, and there shall be at least a 300 mm to 600 mm (12
to 24 inches) overlap of all seams. Edges shall be embedded a minimum of
150 mm (6 inches) in soil.
• All sheeting shall be inspected periodically after installation and after
significant rainstorms to check for erosion, undermining, and anchorage
failure. Any failures shall be repaired immediately. If washout or breakages
occurs, the material shall be re-installed after repairing the damage to the
slope.
Erosion Control Blankets/Mats
m Biodegradable rolled erosion control products (RECPs) are typically
composed of jute fibers, curled wood fibers, straw, coconut fiber, or a
combination of these materials. For an RECP to be considered 100%
biodegradable, the netting, sewing or adhesive system that holds the
biodegradable mulch fibers together must also be biodegradable.
Jute is a natural fiber that is made into a yam, which is loosely woven
into a biodegradable mesh. It is designed to be used in conjunction with
vegetation and has longevity of approximately one year. The material is
supplied in rolled strips, which shall be secured to the soil with U-shaped
staples or stakes in accordance with manufacturers' recommendations.
Excelsior (curled wood fiber) blanket material shall consist of machine
produced mats of curled wood excelsior with 80 percent ofthe fiber
150 mm (6 inches) or longer. The excelsior blanket shall be of
consistent thickness. The wood fiber shall be evenly distributed over the
entire area of the blanket. The top surface of the blanket shall be
covered with a photodegradable extmded plastic mesh. The blanket
shall be smolder resistant without the use of chemical additives and shall
be non-toxic and non-injurious to plant and animal life. Excelsior
blanket shall be fumished in rolled strips, a minimum of 1220 mm
(48 inches) wide, and shall have an average weight of 0.5 kg/m"
(12 lb/ft-), ±10 percent, at the time of manufacture. Excelsior blankets
shall be secured in place with wire staples. Staples shall be made of
3.05-mm (0.12 inch) steel wire and shall be U-shaped with 200-mm (8-
inch) legs and 50-mm (2-inch) crown.
Caltrans Stomi Water Quality Handbooks ^^'^^e ^
mSmS Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers and EC Blankets SS-7
uJSSL March 1,2003 3 of 11
Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers
and Erosion Control Blankets SS-7
- Straw blanket shall be machine-produced mats of straw with a
lightweight biodegradable netting top layer. The straw shall be attached
to the netting with biodegradable thread or glue strips. The straw blanket
shall be of consistent thickness. The straw shall be evenly distributed
over the entire area of the blanket. Straw blanket shall be fumished in
rolled strips a minimum of 2 m (6.5 ft) wide, a minimum of 25 m (80 ft)
long and a minimum of 0.27 kg/m2 (6.4 lb/ft2). Straw blankets shall be
secured in place with wire staples. Staples shall be made of 3.05-mm
(0.12 inch) steel wire and shall be U-shaped with 200-mm (8-inch) legs
and 50-mm (2-inch) crown.
- Wood fiber blanket is composed of biodegradable fiber mulch with
extruded plastic netting held together with adhesives. The material is
designed to enhance revegetation. The material is fumished in rolled
strips, which shall be secured to the ground with U-shaped staples or
stakes in accordance with manufacturers' recommendations.
Coconut fiber blanket shall be machine-produced mats of 100%
coconut fiber with biodegradable netting on the top and bottom. The
coconut fiber shall be attached to the netting with biodegradable thread
or glue strips. The coconut fiber blanket shall be of consistent thickness.
The coconut fiber shall be evenly distributed over the entire area of the
blanket. Coconut fiber blanket shall be furnished in rolled strips with a
minimum of 2 m (6.5 ft) wide, a minimum of 25 m (80 ft) long and a
minimum of 0.27-kg/m2 (6.4 lb/ft2). Coconut fiber blankets shall be
secured in place with wire staples. Staples shall be made of 3.05-mm
(0.12 inch) steel wire and shall be U-shaped with 200-mm (8-inch) legs
and 50-mm (2-inch) crown.
- Coconut fiber mesh is a thin permeable membrane made from coconut
or com fiber that is spun into a yam and woven into a biodegradable mat.
It is designed to be used in conjunction with vegetation and typically has
longevity of several years. The material is supplied in rolled strips,
which shall be secured to the soil with U-shaped staples or stakes in
accordance with manufacturers' recommendations.
- Straw coconut fiber blanket shall be machine-produced mats of 70%
straw and 30% coconut fiber with a biodegradable netting top layer and a
biodegradable bottom net. The straw and coconut fiber shall be attached
to the netting with biodegradable thread or glue strips. The straw
coconut fiber blanket shall be of consistent thickness. The straw and
coconut fiber shall be evenly distributed over the entire area of the
blanket. Straw coconut fiber blanket shall be fumished in rolled strips a
minimum of 2 m (6.5 ft) wide, a minimum of 25 m (80 ft) long and a
minimum of 0.27 kg/m2 (6.4 lb/ft2). Straw coconut fiber blankets shall
be secured in place with wire staples. Staples shall be made of 3.05-mm
(0.12-inch) steel wire and shall be U-shaped with 200-mm (8-inch) legs
and 50-mm (2-inch) crown.
^BK^ Caltrans Storni Water Quality Handbooks Section 3
^l^B Construction Site Best Management Practices Manuai Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers and EC Blankets SS-7
aJbSnm March 1,2003 4 of 11
Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers
and Erosion Control Blankets SS-7
Non-biodegradable RECPs are typically composed of polypropylene,
polyethylene, nylon or other synthetic fibers. In some cases, a combination of
biodegradable and synthetic fibers is used to construct the RECP. Netting
used to hold these fibers together is typically non-biodegradable as well.
- Plastic netting is a lightweight biaxially-oriented netting designed for
securing loose mulches like straw to soil surfaces to establish vegetation.
The netting is photodegradable. The netting is supplied in rolled strips,
which shall be secured with U-shaped staples or stakes in accordance
with manufacturers' recommendations.
- Plastic mesh is an open-weave geotextile that is composed of an
e.xtruded synthetic fiber woven into a mesh with an opening size of less
than 0.5 cm (0.2 inch). It is used with revegetation or may be used to
secure loose fiber such as straw to the ground. The material is supplied
in rolled strips, which shal! be secured to the soil with U-shaped staples
or stakes in accordance with manufacturers' recommendations.
- Synthetic fiber with netting is a mat that is composed of durable
synthetic fibers treated to resist chemicals and ultraviolet light. The mat
is a dense, three-dimensional mesh of synthetic (typically polyolefin)
fibers stitched between two polypropylene nets. The mats are designed
to be revegetated and provide a permanent composite system of soil,
roots, and geomatrix. The material is fumished in rolled strips, which
shall be secured with U-shaped staples or stakes in accordance with
manufacturers' recommendations.
- Bonded synthetic fibers consist of a three-dimensional geomatrix nylon
(or other synthetic) matting. Typically it has more than 90% open area,
which facilitates root growth. Its tough root-reinforcing system anchors
vegetation and protects against hydraulic lift and shear forces created by
high volume discharges. It can be installed over prepared soil, followed
by seeding into the mat. Once vegetated, it becomes an invisible
composite system of soil, roots, and geomatrix. The material is fumished
in rolled strips that shall be secured with U-shaped staples or stakes in
accordance with manufacturers' recommendations.
- Combination synthetic and biodegradable RECPs consist of
biodegradable fibers, such as wood fiber or coconut fiber, with a heavy
polypropylene net stitched to the top and a high-strength continuous-
filament geomatrix or net stitched to the bottom. The material is
designed to enhance revegetation. The material is fumished in rolled
strips, which shall be secured with U-shaped staples or stakes in
accordance with manufacturers' recommendations.
Caltrans Stomi Water Quality Handbooks Section 3
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers and EC Blankets SS-7
March 1, 2003 5 of 11
SS-7 Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers
and Erosion Control Blankets
Site Preparation
• Proper site preparation is essential to ensure complete contact ofthe blanket
or matting with the soil.
• Grade and shape the area of installation.
• Remove all rocks, clods, vegetation or other obstructions so that the installed
blankets or mats will have complete, direct contact with the soil.
• Prepare seedbed by loosening 50 mm (2 in) to 75 mm (3 in) of topsoil.
Seed/7ig
Seed the area before blanket installation for erosion control and revegetation.
Seeding after mat installation is often specified for turf reinforcement application.
When seeding prior to blanket installation, all check slots and other areas
disturbed during installation must be re-seeded. Where soil filling is specified,
seed the matting and the entire disturbed area after installation and prior to filling
the mat with soil.
Anciioring
m U-shaped wire staples, metal geotextile stake pins or triangular wooden stakes
can be used to anchor mats and blankets to the ground surface.
• Staples shall be made of 3.05 mm (0.12 inch) steel wire and shall be U-
shaped with 200-mm (8-inch) legs and 50-mm (2-inch) crown.
• Metal stake pins shall be 5 mm (0.188 in) diameter steel with a 40 mm (1.5
in) steel washer at the head of the pin.
• Wire staples and metal stakes shall be driven flush to the soil surface.
• All anchors shall be 150 mm (6 in) to 450 mm (18 in) long and have
sufficient ground penetration to resist pullout. Longer anchors may be
required for loose soils.
Installation on Slopes
Installation shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. In
general, these will be as follows:
• Begin at the top of the slope and anchor the blanket in a 150 mm (6 in) deep
by 150 mm (6 in) wide trench. Backfill trench and tamp earth firmly.
• Unroll blanket downslope in the direction of water flow.
Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks Section 3
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers and EC Blankets SS-7
^y^^ March 1,2003 6 of 11
Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers
and Erosion Control Blankets SS-7
• Overlap the edges of adjacent parallel rolls 50 mm (2 in) to 75 mm (3 in) and
staple every 1 m (3 ft).
• When blankets must be spliced, place blankets end over end (shingle style)
with 150 mm (6 in) overiap. Staple through overlapped area, approximately
300 mm (12 in) apart.
• Lay blankets loosely and maintain direct contact with the soil. Do not stretch.
• Staple blankets sufficiently to anchor blanket and maintain contact with the
soil. Staples shall be placed down the center and staggered with the staples
placed along the edges. Steep slopes, 1:1 (V:H) to 1:2 (V:H), require a
minimum of 2 staples/m2 (2 staples/yd2). Moderate slopes, 1:2 (V:H) to 1:3
(V:H), require a minimum of 1/2 staples/m2 (1 V2 staples/yd2), placing 1
staple/m (1 staple/yd) on centers. Gentle slopes require a minimum of 1
staple/m2 (1 staple/yd2).
Installation in Channels
Installation shall be in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. In
general, these will be as follows:
• Dig initial anchor trench 300 mm (12 in) deep and 150 mm (6 in) wide across
the channel at the lower end of the project area.
• Excavate intermittent check slots, 150 mm (6 in) deep and 150 mm (6 in)
wide across the channel at 8 m to 10 m (25 ft to 30 ft) intervals along the
channels.
• Cut longitudinal channel anchor slots 100 mm (4 in) deep and 100 mm (4 in)
wide along each side of the installation to bury edges of matting, whenever
possible extend matting 50 mm (2 in) to 75 mm (3 in) above the crest ofthe
channel side slopes.
• Beginning at the downstream end and in the center of the channel, place the
initial end of the first roll in the anchor trench and secure with fastening
devices at 300 mm (12 in) intervals. Note: matting will initially be upside
down in anchor trench.
• In the same manner, position adjacent rolls in anchor trench, overlapping the
preceding roll a minimum of 75 mm (3 in).
• Secure these initial ends of mats with anchors at 300 mm (12 in) intervals,
backfill and compact soil.
• Unroll center strip of matting upstream. Stop at next check slot or terminal
anchor trench. Unroll adjacent mats upstream in similar fashion, maintaining
a 75 mm (3 in) overiap.
Caitrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks 1
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers and EC Blankets SS-7
,2^^ March 1,2003 7 of 11
Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers
and Erosion Control Blankets SS-7
• Fold and secure all rolls of matting snugly into all transverse check slots. Lay
mat in the bottom of the slot then fold back against itself. Anchor through
both layers of mat at 300 mm (12 in) intervals, then backfill and compact soil.
Continue rolling all mat widths upstream to the next check slot or terminal
anchor trench.
• Altemate method for non-crhical installations: Place two rows of anchors on
150 mm (6 in) centers at 8 m (25 ft) to 10m (30 ft) intervals in lieu of
excavated check slots.
• Shingle-lap spliced ends by a minimum of 300 mm (12 in) apart on 300 mm
(12 in) intervals.
• Place edges of outside mats in previously excavated longitudinal slots, anchor
using prescribed staple pattem, backfill and compact soil.
• Anchor, fill and compact upstream end of mat in a 300 mm (12 in) by 150
mm (6 in) terminal trench.
• Secure mat to ground surface using U-shaped wire staples, geotextile pins, or
wooden stakes.
• Seed and fill turf reinforcement matting with soil, if specified.
So/7 Filling (if specified for turf reinforcement)
• Always consult the manufacturer's recommendations for installation.
• Do not drive tracked or heavy equipment over mat.
• Avoid any traffic over matting if loose or wet soil conditions exist.
• Use shovels, rakes or brooms for fine grading and touch up.
• Smooth out soil filling, just exposing top netting of mat.
Temporary Soil Stabilization Removal
m When no longer required for the work, temporary soil stabilization shall
become the property of the Contractor. Temporary soil stabilization removed
from the site of the work shall be disposed of outside the highway right-of-
way in conformance with the provisions in Standard Specifications Section
7-1.13. If approved by the RE, the contractor may leave the temporary soil
stabilizer in place.
Caitrans Stomi Water Quality Handbooks Section 3
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manuai Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers and EC Blankets SS-7
March 1, 2003 8 of 11
Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers
and Erosion Control Blankets SS-7
Maintenance and Areas treated with temporary soil stabilization shall be inspected as specified in
Inspection the special provisions. Areas treated with temporary soil stabilization shall be
maintained to provide adequate erosion control. Temporary soil stabilization
shall be reapplied or replaced on exposed soils when area becomes exposed or
exhibits visible erosion.
• All blankets and mats shall be inspected periodically after installation.
• Installation shall be inspected after significant rain storms to check for
erosion and undermining. Any failures shall be repaired immediately.
• If washout or breakage occurs, re-install the material after repairing the
damage to the slope or channel.
Caltrans storm Water Quality Handbooks Sections
ml^B Construction Site Best Management Practices Manuai Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers and EC Blankets SS-7
^^^5J^ March 1, 2003 9 °f •> ^
Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers
and Erosion Control Blankets SS-7
Typical Installation Detail
INITIAL CHANNEL ANCHOR TRENCH
NTS
ERMINAL SLOPE AND CHANNEL
ANCHOR TRENCH
NTS
Stake at 1 m to
1.5 m intervals
00 mm X 100 mm
100 mm
150 mm 100 mm-
INTERMITTENT CHECK SLOT LONGITUDINAL ANCHOR TRENCH
NTS NTS
NOTES:
1. Check slots to be constructed per manufacturers specifications.
2. Stoking or stapling layout per manufacturers specifications.
3. Install per manufacturer's recommendations
Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manuai
March 1, 2003
Section 3
Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers and EC Blankets SS-7
10 of 11
Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers
and Erosion Control Blankets SS-7
Typical Installation Detail
-150 mm X 150 mm
anciior trench
ivlats/blonkets should
be instaiied vertically
downslope.
ISOMETRIC VIEW ^^S;>S>5^^^ ..^^^^^
TYP
SOIL STABLIZATION
NTS
_Non—woven
eotextile filter
obric under
typical treatment.
WET SLOPE LINING
NTS
NOTES:
1. Siope surface shall be free of rocks, clods, sticks
and grass. Mots/blonkets shall hove good soil contoct.
2. Lay blankets loosely and stake or staple to maintain
direct contact with the soil. Do not stretch.
3. Install per manufacturer's recommendations
Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manuai
March 1,2003
Section 3
Geotextiles, Mats, Plastic Covers and EC Blankets SS-7
11 of 11
Earth Dikes/Drainage Swales
and Lined Ditches
SS-9
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
• Soil Stabilization
o Sediment Control
o Tracking Control
o Wind Erosion Control
o Non-Storm Water Management
o Materials and Waste Management
Definition and These are stmctures that mtercept, divert and convey surface run-on, generally
Purpose sheet fiow, to prevent erosion.
Appropriate
Applications
Earth dikes/drainage swales and lined ditches may be used to:
- Convey surface nmoff down sloping land.
Intercept and divert runoff to avoid sheet flow over sloped surfaces.
Divert and dfrect runoff towards a stabilized watercourse, drainage pipe
or channel.
- Intercept runoff from paved surfaces.
Earth dikes/drainage swales and lined ditches also may be used:
- Below steep grades where mnoff begins to concentrate.
- Along roadways and facility improvements subject to flood drainage.
- At the top of slopes to divert run-on from adjacent or imdisturbed slopes.
At bottom and mid-slope locations to intercept sheet flow and convey
concentrated flows.
This BMP may be unplemented on a project-by-project basis with other
BMPs when determined necessary and feasible by the Resident Engineer
(RE).
JIS^L Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks
^B^B Construction Site Best Management Practices Manuai
AJS^ March 1,2003
Section 3
Earth Dikes/Drainage Swales and Uned Ditches SS-9
1 of 3
Earth Dikes/Drainage Swales
and Lined Ditches
SS-9
Limitations • Earth dikes/drainage swales and lined ditches are not suitable as sediment
trapping devices.
• May be necessary to use other soil stabilization and sediment controls, such
as check dams, plastics, and blankets, to prevent scour and erosion in newly
graded dikes, swales and ditches.
Standards and • Care must be applied to correctly size and locate earth dikes, drainage swales
Specifications lined ditches. Excessively steep, unlined dikes and swales are subject to
erosion and gully formation.
• Conveyances shall be stabilized.
• Use a lined ditch for high flow velocities.
• Select flow velocity based on careful evaluation of the risks due to erosion of
the measure, soil types, over topping, flow backups, washout, and drainage
flow pattems for each project site.
• Compact any fills to prevent unequal settlement.
• Do not divert runoff from the highway right-of-way onto other property.
• When possible, install and utilize permanent dikes, swales and ditches early
in the constmction process.
• Provide stabilized outlets. Refer to SS-10, "Outlet Protection/Velocity/
Dissipation Devices."
Maintenance and • inspect temporary measures prior to the rainy season, after rainfall events.
Inspections regularly (approximately once per week) during the rainy season.
• Inspect ditches and berms for washouts. Replace lost riprap, damaged Imings
or soil stabilizers as needed.
• Inspect channel linings, embankments, and beds of ditches and berms for
erosion and accumulation of debris and sediment. Remove debris and
sediment, and repafr linings and embankments as needed or as directed by the
RE.
• Temporary conveyances shall be completely removed as soon as the
surrounding drainage area has been stabilized, or at the completion of
constmction.
Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks Section 3
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Earth Dikes/Drainage Sv\sies and Uned Ditches SS-9
March 1,2003 2 of 3 tbfbnn*
Earth Dikes/Drainage Swales
and Lined Ditches
SS-9
Compacied fii
StobiLzinq cover,
^'^^ ' / wnen neeced.
Natui'ol ground line
1:2 (V:H) slope
or flatter '
TYPICAL DRAINAGE SWALE
NOT TO SCALE
Compacted
NOTES:
1. Stabilize inlet, outlets and slopes.
2. Properiy connpoct the subgrade, in
conformance with Section 19-5 of the
Caltrans Standard Specifications.
600 mm
Min
Stabilizing cover,
when needed
Natural ground line
'YPICAL EARTH DIKE
NOT TO SCALE
Qdbtxnm
Caitrans Stomi Water Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best IVIanagement Practices Manual
March 1,2003
Section 3
Earth Dikes/Drainage Swales and Uned Ditches SS-9
3 of 3
Outlet Protection/Velocity
Dissipation Devices
SS-10
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
• Soil Stabilization
• Sediment Control
o Tracking Control
o Wind Erosion Control
o Non-Storm Water Management
o Materials and Waste Management
Definition and
Purpose
Appropriate
Applications
Limitations
These devices are placed at pipe outlets to prevent scour and reduce the velocity
and/or energy of storm water flows.
• These devices may be used at the following locations:
- Outlets of pipes, drains, culverts, slope drains, diversion ditches, swales,
conduits or channels.
- Outiets located at the bottom of mild to steep slopes.
- Discharge outlets that carry continuous flows of water.
- Outlets subject to short, intense flows of water, such as flash floods.
- Points where lined conveyances discharge to unlined conveyances.
• This BMP may be implemented on a project-by-project basis with other
BMPs when detemiined necessary and feasible by the Resident Engineer
(RE).
• Loose rock may have stones washed away during high flows.
• Grouted riprap may break up in areas of freeze and thaw.
• If there is not adequate drainage, and water builds up behind grouted riprap, it
may cause the grouted riprap to break up due to the resulting hydrostatic
pressure.
Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
jTjf._ March 1, 2003
Section 3
Outiet Protection/Velocity Dissipation Devices SS-10
1 of 3
SS-10 Outlet ProtectionAAelocity
Dissipation Devices
Standards and • There are many types of energy dissipaters, with rock being tiie one tiiat is
Specifications represented in the figure on Page 3. Please note that this is only one example
and the RE may approve other types of devices proposed by the contractor.
• Install riprap, grouted riprap, or concrete apron at selected outlet. Riprap
aprons are best suited for temporary use during construction.
• Carefully place riprap to avoid damaging the filter fabric.
• For proper operation of apron:
Align apron witii receiving sfream and keep straight throughout its
length. If a curve is needed to fit site conditions, place it in upper section
of apron.
If size of apron riprap is large, protect underlying filter fabric with a
gravel blanket.
• Outlets on slopes steeper than 10% shall have additional protection.
Maintenance and • Inspect temporary measures prior to the rainy season, after rainfall events,
I nspection regularly (approxmiately once per week) during tiie ramy season.
• Inspect apron for displacement of the riprap and/or damage to the underiyuig
fabric. Repair fabric and replace riprap that has washed away.
• Inspect for scour beneath tiie riprap and around the outiet. Repafr damage to
slopes or underlying filter fabric immediately.
• Temporary devices shall be completely removed as soon as the surrounding
drainage area has been stabihzed, or at the completion of construction.
MBL Caitrans Storni Water Quaiity Handbooks ^ . 2®^'°" ^ mSWS Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Outlet ProtectionA/eioclty Dissipation Devices SS-10
Outlet ProtectionA/elocity
Dissipation Devices
SS-10
PLAN VIEW
NTS
LO
p
1 1
1 1
1 1 0%
Filter Fooric-
SECTION A-A
NTS
1.2 W (min)
Pipe outlet to wel
defined chonnel
-Key in 150-230 mm,
(6-9 in.) recommended
for entire perimeter.
1.5 dia. rock
(max), placed
ot 150 mm,
min. depth
Pipe Diameter
mm
Discharge
m^/s
Apron Length, La
m Dso
Rip Rap
Diameter Min
mm
300 0.14 3 100
0.28 4 150
450 0.28 3 150
0.57 5 200
0.85 7 300
1.13 8 400
600 0.85 5 200
1.13 8 200
1.42 8 300
1.70 9 400
For larger or higher flows, consult a Registered Civil Engineer
Source: USDA-SCS
Caltrans Storm Water Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
g^H^ March 1.2003
Section 3
Outiet Protection/Velocity Dissipation Devices SS-10
3 of 3
Silt Fence SC-1
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
o Soil Stabilization
• Sediment Control
o Tracking Control
o Wind Erosion Control
o Non-Storm Water Management
o Materials and Waste Management
Definition and A silt fence is a temporary linear sediment barrier of permeable fabric designed to
Purpose intercept and slow the flow of sediment-laden sheet flow runoff. Silt fences allow
sediment to settle from runoff before water leaves the constmction site.
Appropriate Sih fences are placed:
Applications ^ Below the toe of exposed and erodible slopes.
• Down-slope of exposed soil areas.
• Aroimd temporary stockpiles.
• Along streams and channels.
• Along the perimeter of a project.
Limitations • Not effective unless trenched and keyed in.
• Not intended for use as mid-slope protection on slopes greater than 1:4 (V:H).
• Must be maintained.
• Must be removed and disposed of
• Don't use below slopes subject to creep, slumpuig, or landslides.
• Don't use in streams, channels, drain inlets, or anywhere flow is concentrated.
• Don't use silt fences to divert flow.
JSEIL Caltrans Stomi Water Quality Handbooks
mS^S Construction Site Best Management Practices IVIanual
aobww Inarch 1,2003
Section 4
Silt Fence SC-1
1 of6
Silt SC-1
Standards and Design and Layout
Specifications ^ maximum length of slope draining to any point along the silt fence shall
be 61 m (200 ft) or less.
Slope of area draining to silt fence shall be less than 1:1 (V:H).
Limit to locations suitable for temporary ponding or deposition of sediment.
Fabric life span generally limited to between five and eight months. Longer
periods may requfre fabric replacement.
Silt fences shall not be used in concentrated flow areas.
Lay out in accordance with Pages 5 and 6 of this BMP.
For slopes steeper than 1:2 (V:H) and that contain a high number of rocks or
large dirt clods that tend to dislodge, it may be necessary to install additional
protection immediately adjacent to the bottom of the slope, prior to installing
silt fence. Additional protection may be a chain link fence or a cable fence.
For slopes adjacent to water bodies or Environmentally Sensitive Areas
(ESAs), additional temporary soil stabilization BMPs shall be used.
Materials
• Silt fence fabric shall be woven polypropylene with a minimum width of
900 mm (36 inches) and a minimum tensile strength of 0.45-kN. The fabric
shall conform to the requfrements in ASTM designation D4632 and shall
have an integral reinforcement layer. The reinforcement layer shall be a
polypropylene, or equivalent, net provided by the manufacturer. The
permittivity of the fabric shall be between 0.1 sec ' and 0.15 sec'' in
conformance with the requfrements in ASTM designation D4491. Contractor
must submit certificate of compliance in accordance with Standard
Specifications Section 6-1.07.
• Wood stakes shall be commercial quality lumber of the size and shape shown
on the plans. Each stake shall be free from decay, splits or cracks longer than
the thickness of the stake or other defects that would weaken the stakes and
cause the stakes to be stmcturally unsuitable.
• Bar reinforcement may be used, and its size shall be equal to a number four
(4) or greater End protection shall be provided for any exposed bar
reinforcement.
• Staples used to fasten the fence fabric to the stakes shall be not less than
45 mm (1.75 inches) long and shall be fabricated from 1.57 mm (0.06 inch) or
heavier wire. The wfre used to fasten the tops of the stakes together when
Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
/U^anm March 1,2003
Section 4
Silt Fence SC-1
2 of 6
Silt Fence SC-1
joining two sections of fence shall be 3.05 mm (0.12 inch) or heavier wire.
Galvanizing of the fastening wire is not required.
Maintenance and
Inspection
Installation
u Generally, silt fences shall be used in conjunction with soil stabilization
source controls up slope to provide effective erosion and sediment control.
• Bottom of the silt fence shall be keyed-in a minimum of 150 mm (12 inches).
• Trenches shall not be excavated wider and deeper than necessary for proper
installation of the temporary linear sediment barriers.
• Excavation of the trenches shall be performed immediately before installation
of the temporary linear sediment barriers.
• Constmct silt fences with a set-back of at least lm (3 ft) from the toe of a
slope. Where a silt fence is determined to be not practical due to specific site
conditions, the silt fence may be constmcted at the toe of the slope, but shall
be constmcted as far from the toe of the slope as practical.
• Constmct the length of each reach so that the change in base elevation along
the reach does not exceed 1/3 the height of the barrier; in no case shall the
reach exceed 150 meters (490 ft).
• Cross barriers shall be a muiimum of 1/3 and a maximum of 1/2 the height of
the linear barrier.
• Install in accordance with Pages 5 and 6 of this BMP.
• Repair undercut silt fences.
• Repafr or replace split, tom, slumping, or weathered fabric.
• Inspect silt fence when rain is forecast. Perform necessary maintenance, or
maintenance required by the Resident Engineer (RE).
• Inspect silt fence following rainfall events. Perform maintenance as
necessary, or as required by the RE.
• Maintain silt fences to provide an adequate sediment holding capacity.
Sediment shall be removed when the sediment accumulation reaches one-
thfrd (1/3) of the barrier height. Removed sediment shall be incorporated in
the project at locations designated by the RE or disposed of outside the
right-of-way in conformance with the Standard Specifications.
• Silt fences that are damaged and become unsuitable for the intended purpose,
as determined by the RE, shall be removed from the site of work, disposed of
outside the highway right-of-way in conformance with the Standard
Specifications, and replaced with new sih fence barriers.
Caitrans Storm W^ter Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
a^l,m March 1,2003
Section 4
Siit Fence SC-1
3 of 6
r
Silt Fence SC-1
Holes, depressions or other ground disturbance caused by the removal of the
temporary silt fences shall be backfilled and repafred in confonnance with the
Standard Specifications.
Remove sih fence when no longer needed or as required by the RE. Fill and
compact post holes and anchorage trench, remove sediment accumulation,
and grade fence aligmnent to blend with adjacent ground.
Caitrans Storni Water Quality Handbooks Section 4
Construction Site Best Management Practices IVIanual Silt Fence SC-1
Oift^ March 1,2003 4 of 6
U O U
.-'CM
IVJ S cn
800
I
lg
^1
3 •< B) -r ia II
a) n
o'
s 3 ai 3
=
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Cross barrier
(See nole 10)
Max reach = 150 m (See note 1)
Optional maintenance
opening delail
2,5 m
Fabric
Wood slake - Fabric
Toe of slope
Cross barrier
Tl
(D 3 O (D
TEMPORARY LINEAR SEDIMENT BARRIER (TYPE SILT FENCE)
End detail
k'i"
NOTES
1. Conatrucl Lhe lenglh oi each reach so that Lhe change in baae elevation along lhe reach does nol exceed 1/3 the heighl of the linear barrier, in no case shall Lhe reach lenglh exceed 150m.
2. The lasl 2.5 m of fence shell be turned up slope.
3. Stake dimensions are nominal.
4. Dimension may vary lo fit field condllion.
5. Slakes shall be spaced al 2.5 m maximum and shall be
positioned on downslream side of fence.
6. Stakes to overlap and fence fabric lo fold around each stake
one full turn. Secure fabric lo slake wilh 4 staples.
7. Slakea shall be driven lighlly together lo prevent poieniial
flow-through of sedimenl al joinl. The lops of the slakes shall be secured wilh wire.
a. For end slake, fence fabric shall be folded around Iwo slakes
one full turn and secured with 4 staples.
9. Minimum 4 staples per slake. Dimensions shown are typical.
to Cross barriers shall be a minimum of 1/3 and a maximum of 1/2 Lhe
height of the linear barrier.
U. Maintenance openings shall be constructed in a manner to ensure
sedimenL remains behind sill fence.
i2. Joining seclions shall nol be placed al sump locattons.
13 Sandbag rows and layers shall be offset lo eliminale gaps.
LEGEND
Tamped backfill
Slope direclion
Direction of flow
Sandbags
/- loe of slop See note 10
CROSS BARRIER DETAIL
SECTION C C
STAIE or CAt.jrnRNlA
DtPARiMENT nr TRANSPORTAlinN
TEMPORARY LINEAR SEDIMENT BARRIER
(TYPE SILT PENCE)
NO SCALE
ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN
MILLIMETERS UNLESS OTHERWISE SHOWN
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Caltrans Storni Water Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
March 1,2003
Section 4
Siit Fence SC-1
6 of 6
Sediment Trap SC-3
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
o Soil Stabilization
• Sediment Control
o Tracking Control
o Wind Erosion Control
o Non-Storm Water IVIanagement
o Materials and Waste Management
Definition and
Purpose
Appropriate
Applications
Limitations
A sediment trap is a temporary containment area that allows sediment in collected
storm water to settle out during infiltration or before the runoff is discharged
through a stabilized spillway. Sediment traps are formed by excavating or
constructing an earthen embankment across a waterway or low (frainage area.
• Sediment traps may be used on construction projects where the drainage area
is less than 2 ha (5 ac). Traps should be placed where sediment-laden storm
water enters a storm cfrain or watercourse.
• This BMP may be implemented on a project-by-project basis with other
BMPs when determined necessary and feasible by the Resident Engineer
(RE).
• As a supplemental control, sediment traps provide additional protection for a
water body or for reducing sediment before it enters a cfrainage system.
• Requires large surface areas to permit infiltration and settling of sediment.
• Not appropriate for cfrainage areas greater than 2 ha (5 ac).
• Only removes large and medium sized particles and requfres upstream erosion
control.
• Attractive and dangerous to chilcfren, requiring protective fencing.
• Not to be located in live streams.
• Size may be limited by availability of right-of-way.
Caitrans Stomi Water Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
njr~_ March 1, 2003
Section 4
Sediment Trap SC-3
1 of 3
Seciiment Trap SC-3
Standards and
Specifications
Maintenance and
Inspection
Construct sediment traps prior to rainy season and construction activities.
Trap shall be situated according to the following criteria: (1) by excavating a
suitable area or where a low embankment can be constructed across a swale,
(2) where failure would not cause loss of life or property damage, and (3) to
provide access for maintenance, including sediment removal and sediment
stockpiling in a protected area.
Trap shall be sized to accommodate a settling zone and sediment storage zone
with reconimended minimum volumes of 130 m3/ha (67 yd3/ac) and 65
m3/ha (33 yd3/ac) of contributing cfrainage area, respectively, based on 12.7
mm (0.5 in) of runoff volume over a 24-hr period. Multiple traps and/or
additional volume may be required to accommodate site specific rainfall and
soil conditions.
Traps witii an impoundmg levee greater tiian 1.5 m (5 ft) tall, measured from
the lowest point to the impoimding area to the highest point of the levee, and
traps capable of impounding more tiian 1000 cubic meters (35,300 cubic
feet), shall be designed by a professional Civil Enguieer registered with the
state of Califomia. The design must be submitted to the Resident Engineer
(RE) for approval at least 7 days prior to the basin construction. The design
shall include maintenance requirements, including sediment and vegetation
removal, to ensure continuous fimction of the trap outlet and bypass
structures.
Earthwork shall be in accordance with Standard Specifications Section 19 -
"Earthwork". Contractor is specifically directed to Standard Specifications
Sections 19-5 and 19-6 entitied, "Compaction" and "Embankment
Construction," respectively.
Areas under embankments, structural works, and sediment traps shall be
cleared and stripped of vegetation ui accordance with Standard Specifications
Section 16 - "Clearing and Grubbing."
Use rock or vegetation to protect the trap outlets against erosion.
Fencing, in accordance with Standard Specifications Section 80 - "Fencing,"
shall be provided to prevent unauthorized entry.
Inspect sediment traps before and after rainfall events and weekly during the
rest ofthe rainy season. During extended rainfall events, inspect sediment
traps at least every 24 hours.
If captured runoff has not completely infiltrated withm 72 hours then the
sediment trap must be dewatered.
Inspect trap banks for embankment seepage and structural soundness.
(b/fmra
Caltrans Stomi Water Quality Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
March 1,2003
Section 4
Sediment Trap SC-3
2 of 3
Sediment Trap SC-3
Inspect outlet structure and rock spillway for any damage or obstructions.
Repair damage and remove obstructions as needed or as directed by the RE.
Inspect outlet area for erosion and stabilize if required, or as directed by the
RE.
Remove accumulated sediment when the volume has reached one-third the
original trap volume.
Properly disposed of sediment and debris removed from the trap.
Inspect fencing for damage and repair as needed or as dfrected by the RE.
gg^— Caitrans Stomn Water Quaiity Handbooks ^®*^if"^
mS^S Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Sediment Trap SC-3
gj^^ March 1,2003 3 of 3
Fiber Rolls SC-5
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
• Soil Stabilization
• Sediment Control
o Tracking Control
o Wind Erosion Control
o Non-Storm Water IVIanagement
o Materials and Waste Management
Definition and
Purpose
Appropriate
Applications
A fiber roll consists of wood excelsior, rice or wheat straw, or coconut fibers that
is rolled or bound into a tight tubular roll and placed on the toe and face of slopes
to intercept runoff, reduce its flow velocity, release the runoff as sheet flow and
provide removal of sediment from the runoff Fiber rolls may also be used for
inlet protection and as check dams under certain situations.
• This BMP may be implemented on a project-by-project basis with other
BMPs when determined necessary and feasible by the RE.
• Along the toe, top, face, and at grade breaks of exposed and erodible slopes to
shorten slope length and spread nmoff as sheet flow.
• Below the toe of exposed and erodible slopes.
• Fiber rolls may be used as check dams in unlined ditches if approved by the
Resident Engineer (RE) or the District Construction Storm Water Coordinator
(refer to SC-4 "Check Dams").
• Fiber rolls may be used for drain inlet protection if approved by the RE or the
District Construction Storm Water Coordinator (referto SC-10 "Storm Dram
frilet Protection").
• Down-slope of exposed soil areas.
• Around temporary stockpiles.
• Along the perimeter of a project.
JH^^ Caltrans Storni Water Quality Handbooks
mB^B Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
aJSSig March 1,2003
Section 4
Fiber Roils SC-S
1 of 6
Fiber Rolls SC-5
Limitations • Runoff and erosion may occur if fiber roll is not adequately trenched m.
• Fiber rolls at the toe of slopes greater than 1:5 may requfre the use of 500 mm
(20" diameter) or installations achieving the same protection (i.e., stacked
smaller diameter fiber rolls, etc.).
• Fiber rolls may be used for drainage inlet protection if they can be properly
anchored.
• Difficult to move once saturated.
• Fiber rolls could be transported by high flows if not properly staked and
trenched in.
• Fiber rolls have limited sediment capture zone.
• Do not use fiber rolls on slopes subject to creep, slumping, or landslide.
Standards and Fiber Roll Materials
Specifications
• Fiber rolls shall be either:
(1) Prefabricated rolls.
(2) Rolled tubes of erosion control blanket.
Assembly of Field Rolled Fiber Roll
u Roll lengtii of erosion control blanket into a tube of minimum 200 mm (8 in)
diameter.
• Bind roll at each end and every 1.2 m (4 ft) along length of roll with jute-type
twine.
Installation
m Slope inclination of 1:4 or flatter: fiber rolls shall be placed on slopes 6.0 m
apart.
• Slope inclination of 1:4 to 1:2: fiber rolls shall be placed on slopes 4.5 m
apart.
• Slope inclination 1:2 or greater: fiber rolls shall be placed on slopes 3.0 m
apart.
• Stake fiber rolls into a 50 to 100 mm (2 to 4 m) trench.
Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks Section 4
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manuai Fiber Rolls SC-5
OMnw March 1,2003 2 of 6
Fiber Rolls SC-5
Maintenance and
Inspection
• Drive stakes at the end of each fiber roll and spaced 600 mm (2 ft) apart if
Type 2 installation is used (refer to Page 4). Otherwise, space stakes 1.2 m
(4 ft) maximum on center if installed as shown on Pages 5 and 6.
• Use wood stakes with a nominal classification of 19 by 19 mm (3/4 by 3/4
in), and minimum length of 600 mm (24 in).
• If more than one fiber roll is placed in a row, the rolls shall be overlapped; not
abutted.
Removal
• Fiber rolls are typically left in place.
• If fiber rolls are removed, collect and dispose of sediment accumulation, and
fill and compact holes, trenches, depressions or any other ground disturbance
to blend with adjacent ground.
• Repafr or replace split, tom, unraveling, or slumping fiber rolls.
• Inspect fiber rolls when rain is forecast. Perform maintenance as needed or as
requfred by the RE.
• Inspect fiber rolls followmg rainfall events and a least daily during prolonged
rainfall. Perform maintenance as needed or as requfred by the RE.
• Maintain fiber rolls to provide an adequate sediment holding capacity.
Sediment shall be removed when the sediment accumulation reaches three
quarters (3/4) of the barrier height. Removed sediment shall be incorporated
in the project at locations designated by the RE or disposed of outside the
highway right-of-way in conformance with the Standard Specifications.
JBfl^ Caltrans Stomi Water Quaiity Handbooks
BS^S Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
aJSmw March 1,2003
Section 4
Fiber Roils SC-6
3 of 6
•a
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o
.fi
w c
Q
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.Q «
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re o ^ O O ?j
[|^
Fiber Rolls SC-5
Note:
Install fiber roll
along a levei contour.
Vertical spacing
along face of the
slope varies
between 3m and 6 m
Install a fiber roll near
siope wliere it transitions
into a steeper slope
TYPICAL FIBER ROLL INSTALLATION
N.T.S.
50 to 100 mm
300 mm min.
Fiber roll
200 mm min
19 mm X
19mm
wood stakes
max 1.2 m
spacing
ENTRENCHMENT DETAIL
N.TS.
Cbftru/x*
Caitrans Stomn Water Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manuai
March 1,2003
Section 4
Fiber Roils SC-6
Sof 6
Fiber Rolls SC-5
Rope Tie
50 to 100 mm
300 mm min.
Fiber roll
200 mm min
19 mm X
19mm
wood stakes
max 1.2 m
spacing (typ.)
OPTIONAL ENTRENCHMENT DETAIL
N.T.S.
MB^^ Caitrans Stomi Water Quality Handbooks
^^^B Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
aJbSw March 1,2003
Section 4
Fiber Roils SC-6
6 of 6
Gravel Bag Berm SC-6
Standard Symbol
Definition and
Purpose
BMP Objectives
o Soil Stabilization
• Sediment Control
o Tracking Control
o Wind Erosion Control
o Non-Storm Water IVIanagement
o Materials and Waste Management
Appropriate
Applications
A gravel bag berm consists of a single row of gravel bags that are installed end to
end to form a barrier across a slope to intercept runoff, reduce its flow velocity,
release the runoff as sheet flow and provide some sediment removal. Gravel bags
can be used where flows are moderately concentrated, such as ditches, swales,
and storm cfrain inlets (see BMP SC-10, Storm Drain Inlet Protection) to divert
and/or detain flows.
• BMP may be implemented on a project-by-project basis wdth other BMPs
when determined necessary and feasible by the RE.
• Along streams and channels.
• Below the toe of exposed and erodible slopes.
• Down slope of exposed soil areas.
• Around stockpiles.
• Across channels to serve as a barrier for utility trenches or provide a
temporary channel crossing for construction equipment, to reduce stream
impacts.
• Parallel to a roadway to keep seciiment off paved areas.
• At the top of slopes to divert roadway runoff away from disturbed slopes.
• Along the perimeter of a site.
• To divert or direct flow or create a temporary sediment basin.
• During construction activities fri sfream beds when the contributing cfrainage
Caltrans Storni Water Quality Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
March 1,2003
Section 4
Gravel Bag Bemi SC-€
1 of 3
Gravel Bag Berm SC-6
area is less than 2 ha (5 ac).
• When extended construction period limits the use of either silt fences or straw
bale barriers.
• When site conditions or construction sequencing requfre adjustments or
relocation of the barrier to meet changing field conditions and needs during
construction.
• At grade breaks of exposed and erodible slopes to shorten slope lengtii and
spread runoff as sheet flow.
Limitations • Degraded gravel bags may rupture when removed, spilling contents.
• Installation can be labor intensive.
• Limited durability for long term projects.
• When used to detain concentrated flows, mamtenance requfrements increase.
Standards and Materials
Specifications , . , „ , „,
• Bag Matenal: Bags shall be woven polypropylene, polyetiiylene or
polyamide fabric, mmimum unit weight 135 g/m2 (four ounces per square
yard), mullen burst strengtii exceeding 2,070 kPa (300 psi) in conformance
with tiie requirements in ASTM designation D3786, and ultraviolet stability
exceeding 70% in conformance with tiie requfrements in ASTM designation
D4355.
• Bag Size: Each gravel-filled bag shall have a length of 450 mm (18 in), width
of 300 mm (12 m), thickness of 75 mm (3 in), and mass of approximately
15 kg (33 lb). Bag dimensions are nominal, and may vary based on locally
available materials. Altemative bag sizes shall be submitted to tiie RE for
approval prior to deployment.
• Fill Material: Gravel shall be between 10 mm and 20 mm (0.4 and 0.8 inch)
fri diameter, and shall be clean and free from clay balls, organic matter, and
other deleterious materials. The opening of gravel-filled bags shall be
between 13 kg and 22 kg (28 and 48 lb) in mass. Fill material is subject to
approval by the RE.
Installation
m When used as a linear control for sediment removal:
- Install along a level contour.
- Tum ends of gravel bag row up slope to prevent flow around the ends.
- Generally, gravel bag barriers shall be used in conjunction with temporary
soil stabihzation controls up slope to provide effective erosion and sediment
^H^^ Caitrans Storm Water Quaiity Handbooks Section 4
mS^B Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Gravel Bag Bemi SC-6
aJSZm March 1,2003 2 of 3
Gravel Bag Berm SC-6
control.
• When used for concentrated flows:
- Stack gravel bags to required height using a pyramid approach.
- Upper rows of gravel bags shall overlap joints in lower rows.
• Construct gravel bag barriers with a set-back of at least lm from the toe of a
slope. Where it is determined to be not practicable due to specific site
conditions, the gravel bag barrier may be constructed at the toe of the slope,
but shall be constructed as far from the toe of the slope as practicable.
• Requires Certificate of Compliance per Standard Specifications 6-1.07.
Maintenance and • inspect gravel bag berms before and after each rainfall event, and weekly
Inspection throughout the rainy season.
• Reshape or replace gravel bags as needed, or as dfrected by the RE.
• Repafr washouts or other damages as needed, or as directed by the RE.
• Inspect gravel bag berms for sediment accumulations and remove sediments
when accumulation reaches one-third of the berm height. Removed sedhnent
shall be incorporated in the project at locations designated by the RE or
disposed of outside the highway right-of-way in conformance with the
Standard Specifications.
• Remove gravel bag berms when no longer needed. Remove sediment
accumulations and clean, re-grade, and stabilize the area.
^HB^ Caitrans Stomi Water Quaiity Handbooks Section 4
Wm^B Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Gravel Bag Berni SC-6
March 1,2003 3 of 3
street Sweeping and Vacuuming SC-7
ssv
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
• Soil Stabilization
• Sediment Control
• Tracking Control
o Wind Erosion Control
o Non-Storm Water Management
o Materials and Waste Management
Definition and
Purpose
Appropriate
Applications
Practices to remove tracked sediment to prevent the sediment from entering a
storm cfrain or watercourse.
These practices are implemented anywhere sediment is tracked from the project
site onto public or private paved roads, typically at points of ingress/egress.
Limitations Sweeping and vacuuming may not be effective when soil is wet or muddy.
Kick brooms or sweeper attachments shall not be used.
Inspect potential sediment tracking locations daily.
Visible sediment tracking shall be swept and/or vacuumed daily.
Standards and
Specifications
Maintenance and
Inspection
If not mixed with debris or trash, consider mcorporating the removed
sediment back into the project.
Inspect ingress/egress access points daily and sweep tracked sediment as
needed, or as required by the Resident Engineer (RE).
Be careful not to sweep up any unknown substance or any object that may be
potentially hazardous.
Adjust brooms frequently; maximize efficiency of sweeping operations.
After sweeping is finished, properly dispose of sweeper wastes at an approved
dumpsite in conformance with the provisions in Standard Specifications
Section 7-1.13 .
Caltrans Storm Water Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
„„__ March 1,2003
Section 4
Slreet Sweeping and Vacuuming SC-7
1 ofl
storm Drain Inlet Protection SC-10
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
o Soil Stabiiization
• Sediment Control
o Tracking Control
o Wind Erosion Control
o Non-Storm Water Management
o Materials and Waste Management
Definition and Devices used at storm cfrain inlets that are subject to runoff from construction
Purpose activities to detain and/or to filter sediment-laden runoff to allow sediment to
settle and/or to filter sediment prior to discharge into storm drainage systems or
watercourses.
Appropriate
Applications
Limitations
Where ponding will not encroach into highway traffic.
Where sediment laden surface nmoff may enter an inlet.
Where disturbed drainage areas have not yet been permanently stabiUzed.
Where the cfrainage area is 0.4 ha (1 ac) or less.
Appropriate during wet and snow-melt seasons.
Requires an adequate area for water to pond without encroaching upon
traveled way and should not present itself to be an obstacle to oncoming
traffic.
May require other methods of temporary protection to prevent sediment-laden
storm water and non-storm water discharges from entering the storm cfrain
system.
Sediment removal may be difficult in high flow conditions or if runoff is
heavily sediment laden. If high flow conditions are expected, use other on-
site sediment trapping techniques (e.g. check dams) in conjunction with inlet
protection.
Frequent maintenance is requfred.
For cfrainage areas larger than 0.4 ha (1 ac), runoff shall be routed to a
sediment trapping device designed for larger flows. See BMPs SC-2,
"Sedfrnent/Desiltmg Basin," and SC-3 "Sedhnent Trap."
JH^^ Caitrans Stomi Water Quality Handbooks
Bi^B Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
aJSSw March 1,2003
Section 4
Stom Drain Iniet Protection SC-10
1 of 7
storm Drain inlet Protection SC-10
Standards and
Specifications
Maintenance and
Inspection
• Filter fabric fence inlet protection is appropriate in open areas that are subject
to sheet flow and for flows not exceeding 0.014 m3/s (0.5 cfs).
• Gravel bag barriers for inlet protection are applicable when sheet flows or
concentrated flows exceed 0.014 m3/s (0.5 cfs), and it is necessary to allow
for overtopping to prevent flooding.
• Fiber rolls and foam barriers are not appropriate for locations where they
cannot be properly anchored to the surface.
• Excavated drop inlet sediment traps are appropriate where relatively heavy
flows are expected and overflow capability is needed.
Identify existing and/or planned storm drain inlets that have the potential to
receive sediment-laden surface runoff. Determine if storm cfrain mlet protection
is needed, and which method to use.
Methods and Installation
u DI Protection Type I - Filter Fabric Fence - The filter fabric fence (Type 1)
protection is illustrated on Page 5. Similar to constructing a silt fence. See
BMP SC-1, "Silt Fence." Do not place filter fabric imdemeath the mlet grate
since the collected sediment may fall into the cfrain inlet when the fabric is
removed or replaced.
• DI Protection Type 2 - Excavated Drop Inlet Sediment Trap - The excavated
drop frilet sediment trap (Type 2) is illustrated in Page 6. Similar to
constructing a temporary sifr fence. See BMP SC-1, "Sih Fence." Size
excavated trap to provide a minimum storage capacity calculated at the rate of
130 m3/ha (67 yd3/ac) of cfrainage area.
• DI Protection Type 3 - Gravel bag - The gravel bag barrier (Type 3) is
illustrated in Page 7. Flow from a severe storm shall not overtop the curb. In
areas of high clay and silts, use filter fabric and gravel as additional filter
media. Construct gravel bags in accordance with BMP SC-6, "Gravel Bag
Berm." Gravel bags shall be used due to thefr high permeability.
• DI Protection Type 4 - Foam Barriers and Fiber Rolls - Foam barrier or
fiber roll (Type 4) is placed around the inlet and keyed and anchored to the
surface. Foam barriers and fiber rolls are intended for use as mlet protection
where the area around the uilet is unpaved and the foam barrier or fiber roll
can be secured to the surface. RE or Construction Storm Water Coordinator
approval is required.
General
u Inspect all inlet protection devices before and after every rainfall event, and
weekly during the rest of the rainy season. During extended rainfall events,
inspect inlet protection devices at least once every 24 hours.
Caitrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
March 1,2003
Section 4
Storni Drain Inlet Protection SC-10
2 of 7
storm Drain Inlet Protection SC-10
• Inspect the stonn drain inlet after severe stonns in the rainy season to check
for bypassed material.
• Remove all inlet protection devices within thirty days after the site is
stabilized, or when the inlet protection is no longer needed.
- Bring the disturbed area to final grade and smooth and compact it.
Appropriately stabilize all bare areas around the inlet.
- Clean and re-grade area around the inlet and clean the inside of the storm
drain inlet as it must be free of sediment and debris at the time of final
inspection.
Requirements by Method
m Type 1 - Filter Fabric Fence
- This method shall be used for cfrain inlets requiring protection in areas
where finished grade is established and erosion control seeding has been
applied or is pending.
- Make sure the stakes are securely driven in the groimd and are
structurally sound (i.e., not bent, cracked, or splintered, and are
reasonably perpendicular to the ground). Replace damaged stakes.
- Replace or clean the fabric when the fabric becomes clogged with
sediment. Make sure the fabric does not have any holes or tears. Repair
or replace fabric as needed or as directed by the RE.
- At a minimum, remove the sediment behind the fabric fence when
accumulation reaches one-thfrd the height of the fence or barrier height.
Removed sediment shall be incorporated in the project at locations
designated by the RE or disposed of outside the highway right-of-way in
confonnance with the Standard Specifications Section 7-1.13.
• Type 2 - Excavated Drop Inlet Sediment Trap
- This method may be used for cfrain inlets requiring protection in areas
that have been cleared and grubbed, and where exposed soil areas are
subject to grading.
- Remove sediment from basin when the volume ofthe basin has been
reduced by one-half
• Type 3 - Gravel Bag Barrier
- This metiiod may be used for cfrain inlets surrounded by AC or paved
surfaces.
- Inspect bags for holes, gashes, and snags.
JHBL Caitrans Storm water Quaiity Handbooks Section 4
mS^S Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Storni Drain iniet Protection SC-10
-J5!l March 1, 2003 3 of 7
storm Drain inlet Protection SC-10
- Check gravel bags for proper arrangement and displacement. Remove the
sediment behuid the barrier when it reaches one-third the height ofthe
barrier. Removed sediment shall be incorporated in the project at
locations designated by the RE or disposed of outside the highway right-
of-way in conformance with the Standard Specifications Section 7-1.13.
Type 4 Foam Barriers and Fiber Rolls
- This method may be used for cfrain inlets requiring protection in areas
that have been cleared and grubbed, and where exposed soil areas subject
to grading. RE or Construction Storm Coordinator approval is required.
- Check foam barrier or fiber roll for proper arrangement and displacement.
Remove the sediment behind the barrier when it reaches one-third the
height of the barrier. Removed sediment shall be incorporated fri the
project at locations designated by the RE or disposed of outside the
highway right-of-way in conformance with the Standard Specifications.
Caitrans Storm Water Quaiity Handbooks Section 4
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Storm Drain Inlet Protection SC-10
a^;;^ March 1,2003 4 of 7
storm Drain Inlet Protection SC-10
Geotextile 3;onKet
-Drain inlet
600 m
-Si^t Fence per SC-C1
SECTION A-A
Sheet flow
Less than
0.4 ho (1 ac)
150 mm Min
overiap at ends
of silt fence.
Geotextile Blanket
Silt Fence per SC —01
Dl PROTECTION TYPE 1
NOT TO SCALE
NOTES:
1. For use in areas where grading has been completed and final soil stabilization
and seeding ore pending.
2. Not applicable in paved areas.
3. Not applicable with concentrated flows.
JH^L Caitrans Storm Water Quaiity Handbooks
^B^B Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
aJS^ March 1,2003
Section 4
Storm Drain Iniet Protection SC-10
5 of 7
storm Drain inlet Protection SC-10
Stobilize crec one
grade uniformiy
cound perimeter
Remove sediment
before reaching
one-third full.
Geotextile
Blanket
1:1 slooe-
Drain inlet
Siit fence Per SC-01
1.2 m +
Section A-A
T ^ 300 mm Ivlin
T 600 mm M ax
fiow
Concentroted Rock filter(use if flow
is concentrated)
Edge of
sediment trap
Drain inlet
Geotextile
Blanket
Silt fence Per SC-01
Dl PROTECTION TYPE 2
NOT TO SCALE
Notes
1. For use in cleared and "grubbed and in graded areas.
2. Shape basin so that longest inflow area faces longest length of trap.
3. For concentrated flows, shape basin in 2:1 ratio with length oriented
towards direction of flow.
Caitrans Stomn V\ferter Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
March 1,2003
Section 4
Storm Drain Iniet Protection SC-10
6 of 7
storm Drain Inlet Protection SC-10
Pavement
Spillway, 1-bag high
TYPICAL PROTECTION FOR INLET WITH OPPOSING FLOW DIRECTIONS
Gravel Bags
2-bags high
Spillway. 1-bag high —' Grovel Bags
2—bags high
TYPICAL PROTECTION FOR INLET WITH SINGLE FLOW DIRECTION
NOTES:
1. Intended for short-term use.
2. Use to inhibit non-storm water flow.
3. Allow for proper maintenance and cleanup.
4. Bags must be removed after adjacent operation is completed
5. Not appiicable in areas with high silts and clays without filter fabric.
Caitrans Stomn W^ter Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
March 1,2003
Section 4
Stonn Drain inlet Protection SC-10
7 of 7
Wind Erosion Control WE-1
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
• Soil Stabilization
• Sediment Control
o Tracking Control
• Wind Erosion Control
o Non-Storm Water Management
o Materials and Waste Management
Definition and
Purpose
Appropriate
Applications
Limitations
Standards and
Specifications
Maintenance and
Inspection
Wind erosion control consists of applying water and/or other dust palliatives as
necessary to prevent or alleviate erosion by the forces of wind. Dust control shall
be applied in accordance with Caltrans standard practices. Covering of small
stockpiles or areas is an altemative to applying water or other dust palliatives.
• This practice is implemented on all exposed soils subject to wind erosion.
• Effectiveness depends on soil, temperature, humidity and wind velocity.
• Water shall be applied by means of pressure-type distributors or pipelines
equipped with a spray system or hoses and nozzles that will ensure even
distribution.
• All distribution equipment shall be equipped with a positive means of shutoff.
• Unless water is applied by means of pipelines, at least one mobile unit shall
be available at all times to apply water or dust palliative to the project.
• If reclaimed water is used, the sources and discharge must meet Califomia
Department of Health Services water reclamation criteria and the Regional
Water Quality Control Board requfrements. Non-potable water shall not be
conveyed in tanks or cfrain pipes that will be used to convey potable water and
there shall be no connection between potable and non-potable supplies. Non-
potable tanks, pipes and other conveyances shall be marked "NON-
POTABLE WATER - DO NOT DRINK."
• Materials applied as temporary soil stabilizers and soil binders will also
provide wind erosion control benefits.
• Check areas that have been protected to ensure coverage.
Caitrans Stonm W^ter Quality Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
March 1,2003
Section 5
Wind Erosion Control WE-1
1 ofl
stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1
1 .luC^
Standard Symboi
BMP Objectives
• Soii Stabilization
o Sediment Control
• Tracking Control
• Wind Erosion Control
o Non-Storm Water Management
o Materials and Waste Management
Definition and
Purpose
Appropriate
Applications
Limitations
Standards and
Specifications
A stabilized construction access is defined by a point of entrance/exit to a
construction site that is stabilized to reduce the tracking of mud and dirt onto
public roads by construction vehicles.
• Use at construction sites:
- Where dirt or mud can be tracked onto public roads.
- Adjacent to water bodies.
- Where poor soils are encountered.
- Where dust is a problem during dry weather conditions.
• This BMP may be implemented on a project-by-project basis in addition to
other BMPs when determined necessary and feasible by the Resident
Engineer (RE).
• Site conditions will dictate design and need.
• Limit the points of entrance/exit to the construction site.
• Limit speed of vehicles to control dust.
• Properly grade each construction entrance/exit to prevent runoff from leaving
the construction site.
• Route runoff from stabilized entrances/exits through a sediment-trapping
device before discharge.
• Design stabilized entrance/exit to support the heaviest vehicles and equipment
that will use it.
Cbftmnm
Caitrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manuai
March 1,2003
Section 6
Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1
1 of 4
stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1
• Select construction access stabilization (aggregate, asphahic concrete,
concrete) based on longevity, required perfonnance, and site conditions. The
use of asphah concrete (AC) grindings for stabilized construction
access/roadway is not allowed.
• Use of constructed/manufactured steel plates with ribs for entrance/exit
access is allowed with written approval from the RE.
• If aggregate is selected, place crushed aggregate over geotextile fabric to at
least 300 mm (12m) depth, or place aggregate to a depth recommended by
the RE. Crushed aggregate greater than 75 mm (3 inches) and smaller than
150 mm (6 inches) shall be used.
• Designate combination or single purpose entrances and exits to the
construction site.
• Implement BMP SC-7, "Street Sweeping and Vacuuming" as needed and as
required.
• Requfre all employees, subcontractors, and suppliers to utihze tiie stabilized
construction access.
• All exit locations uitended to be used continuously and for a period of time
shall have stabihzed construction entrance/exit BMPs (TC-1 "Stabihzed
Construction Entrance/Exit" or TC-3 "Enfrance/Outiet Tfre Wash").
Maintenance and • hispect routinely for damage and assess effectiveness ofthe BMP. Remove
Inspection aggregate, separate and dispose of sediment if construction enfrance/exit is
clogged with sediment or as dfrected by the RE.
• Keep all temporary roadway ditches clear.
• Inspect for damage and repafr as needed.
Caitrans Storm Water Quaiity Handbooks Section 6
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Stabiiized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1
^j,^^ March 1,2003 2 of 4
stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1
Crushed aggregate greater than 75 mm
(3 in) but smaller than 150 mm (6 in)
•Filter fabric Original
grade
1-300 mm (12 in) Min, unless otherwise
specified by a soils engineer
SECTION B-B
NTS
>-<
Q
<
O
a:
a
LU > <
Q.
O
X
LU
NOTE:
Construct sediment barrier
and channelize runoff to
bl sediment trapping device
Match
Existing
Grade
Temporary pipe culvert
OS needed
15 m Min
or four times the circumference
of the largest construction vehicle tire,
whichever is greater
PLAN
NTS
Stabilized Contraction Entrance/Exit (Type 1)
Width as
required to
accomodate
anticipated
traffic
Caitrans Stomi Water Quality Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
jrjv. March 1, 2003
Section 6
Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1
3 of 4
stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1
Crushed aggregate greater than 75 mm
•^(3 in) but smoller than 150 mm (6 in)
Filter fabric • Originol
grade
i-300 mm (12 in) Min, unless otherwise
specified by a soils engineer
SECTION B-B iTT^
Crushed aggregate greater than 75 mm
(3 in) but smaller than 1 Corrugated steel panels
300 mm (12 in) Min, unless ottierwise
specified by a soils engineer
SECTION A-A
NOT TO SCALE
NOTE:
Construct sediment barrier
and ctionnelize runoff to
sediment trapping device
Sediment trapping
device
Corrugated steel panels
A r-*B
3 m nnin or
as required to
accomodate
anticipated
traffic, whichever
is greater.
Match
Existing
Grade
or four times the circumference
of the largest construction vehide tire,
whichever is greater
PLAN
NTS
Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit (Type 2)
Caitrans Storm Water Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
March 1,2003
Section 6
Stabilized Constmction Entrance/Exit TC-1
4 of 4
Dewatering Operations NS-2
jpw)
Jpw)
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
o Soil Stabilization
o Sediment Control
o Tracking Control
o Wind Erosion Control
• Non-Storm Water Management
o Materials and Waste Management
Definition and
Purpose
Appropriate
Applications
Dewatering Operations are practices that manage the discharge of pollutants when
non-storm water and accumulated precipitation (storm water) must be removed
from a work location so that construction work may be accomplished.
• These practices are implemented for discharges of non-storm water and storm
water (accumulated rain water) from construction sites. Non-storm water
includes, but is not limited to, groundwater, dewatering of piles, water from
cofferdams, water diversions, and water used during construction activities that
must be removed from a work area.
• Practices identified in this section are also appropriate for implementation
when managing the removal of accumulated precipitation (storm water) from
depressed areas at a construction site.
• Storm water mixed with non-storm water should be managed as non-storm water.
Limitations • Dewatering operations for non-storm water will requfre, and must comply
with, apphcable local permits, project-specific permits, and regulations.
• Site conditions will dictate design and use of dewatering operations.
• A dewatermg plan shall be submitted as part of the SWPPP/WPCP detailuig
the location of dewatering activities, equipment, and discharge point.
• The controls discussed in this best management practice (BMP) address
sediment only. If the presence of polluted water with hazardous substances is
identified in the contract, the contractor shall implement dewatering pollution
controls as requfred by the contract documents. If the quality of water to be
removed by dewatering is not identified as polluted in the contract documents,
but is later determined by observation or testing to be polluted, the confractor
shall notify the Resident Enguieer (RE) and comply with Standard
Specifications Section 5-1.116, "Differing Site Conditions."
JB^^ Caitrans Stonti Water Quality Handbooks
BSI^S Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
lUbwm March 1,2003
Section 7
Dewatering Operations NS-2
1 of 12
Dewatering Operations NS-2
• Avoid dewatering discharges where possible by using the water for dust
control, by inflitration, etc.
Standards and • Dewatering shall be conducted in accordance with tiie Field Guide to
Specifications Construction Site Dewatering, October 2001, CTSW-RT-01-010.
• Dewatering for accumulated precipitation (storm water) shall follow this BMP
and use treatment measures specified herein.
• The RWQCB may requfre a separate NPDES pennit prior to the dewatering
discharge of non-storm water. These permits will have specific testing,
monitoring, and discharge requirements and can take significant time to obtain.
• Except m RWQCB Regions 1 and 2, the discharge of accumulated
precipitation (storm water) to a water body or storm drain is subject to the
requfrements of Caltrans NPDES permit. Sediment control and other
appropriate BMPs (e.g., outlet protection/energy cfrssipation) must be
employed when this water is discharged.
• RWQCB Regions 1 and 2 require notification and approval prior to any
discharge of water from construction sites.
• In RWQCB Regions 3, 5, 7, and 9 non-storm water dewatering for discharges
meeting certain conditions are allowed under an RWQCB general dewatering
NPDES Permit. Notification and approval from the RWQCB is requfred prior
to conducting these operations. This includes storm water that is mixed with
groundwater or other non-storm water sources. Once the discharge is allowed,
appropriate BMPs must be implemented to ensure that the discharge complies
with all permit requfrements. Conditions for potential discharge under an
RWQCB general dewatering NPDES Permit include:
- Regions 3, 5, 7: Non-storm water discharges, free of pollutants other than
secfrment, <0.25 MGD, with a duration of 4 or fewer months.
- Region 9: Groundwater, free of pollutants other than sediment, <0.10
MGD, to surface waters other than San Diego Bay.
• The flow chart shown on Page 4 shall be utilized to guide dewatering
operations.
• The RE will coordmate monitoring and permit compliance.
• Discharges must comply with regional and watershed-specific discharge
requirements.
• Additional permits or permissions from other agencies may be requfred for
dewatering cofferdams or diversions.
• Dewatering discharges must not cause erosion at the discharge point.
Caitrans Stomi Water Quality Handbooks Section 7
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual iDewatering Operations NS-2
March 1,2003 2 of 12
Dewatering Operations NS-2
• Dewatering records shall be maintained for a period of 3 years.
Maintenance and • hispect all BMPs implemented to comply with permit requfrements frequently
Inspection repair or replace to ensure the BMPs function as designed.
• Accumulated sediment removed during the maintenance of a dewatering
device may be incorporated in the project at locations designated by the RE or
disposed of outside the right-of-way in confonnance with the Standard
Specifications.
• Accumulated sediment that is commingled with other pollutants must be
disposed of in accordance with all applicable laws and regulations and as
approved by the RE.
(bftmnm
Caitrans Stomi Water Quaiity Handbooks Section 7
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manuai Dewatering Operations NS-2
March 1,2003 3 of 12
Dewatering Operations
Contact CSWC for
assistance witl) managlns
tlie dewaterhifl discltarge.
Assess water quality and
estimate discharge
flow rate and vehene.
Contact CSWC
regartfino fuilher testing
and consideration.
' QualiMno Non-Storm Water Discharges under NPDES
statewide Permit fer Caltrans:
Regions 3.5,7
Non-storm water discharges, free of pollutants other
than sediment, <0.2S MGD, with a duration of 4 or fewer
months.
Regions
Groundwater, free of pollutants otherthan sediment,
<0.1 MGD, to surface waters other than San Diego Bay.
Abbreviations:
BMP Best Management Practice
CSWC Construction Storm Water Coordinator
MGD Million gallons per day
NPDES National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
RWQCB Regional Water Quality Control Board
SWPPP Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan
WPCP Water Pollution Control Program
Consult RWQCB
for discharge
reguirements.
Disctiarge to stonn ttraki or water tiody
undet ftPDES Statewide Pemiit loi
Caltrans.
Notiiy RWOCB or proposed
dewatering discharge and
provide anyavaUahle
analytical testing or
qualitative assessment
Information.
Note:
This flow chart applies to
dewatering of non-storm water
(groundwater, water from
cofferdams, diversions, etc.) and
accumulated precipitation. Contact
the CSWC for guidance on all other
discharges.
Implement
sediment control
BMPs.
Discharge water to
storm drain
or water body.
Monitor and maintain to
ensure sediment controls
are working and to prevent
eroston at outfall.
Maintain monitoring
records with SWPPPJWPCP
and proude to RWOCB if
required.
Caitrans Storni Water Quality Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manuai
March 1,2003
Section 7
Dewatering Operation." "S-2
J2
Dewatering Operations NS-2
Sediment A variety of methods can be used to treat water during dewatering operations from
Treatment the construction site. Several devices are presented hi this section that provide
options to achieve sedhnent removal. The size of particles present in the sediment
and Pennit or receiving water limitations on sediment are key considerations for
selecting sediment treatment option(s); in some cases, the use of multiple devices
may be appropriate.
Category 1: Constructed Settling Technologies
The devices discussed in this category are to be used exclusively for dewatering
operations only.
Sediment/Desilting Basin (SC-2)
Description:
A desilting basin is a temporary basin with a controlled release structure that is
formed by excavation and/or construction of an embankment to detam sediment-
laden runoff and allow sediment to settle out before discharging.
Appropriate Applications:
• Effective for the removal of trash, gravel, sand, and silt and some metals that
settle out with the sediment.
Implementation:
• Excavation and construction of related facilities is requfred.
• Temporary desiltmg basins must be fenced if safety is a concem.
• Outlet protection is requfred to prevent erosion at the outfall location.
Maintenance:
• Maintenance is requfred for safety fencing, vegetation, embankment, inlet and
outfall structures, as well as other features.
• Removal of sediment is required when the storage volume is reduced by one-
thfrd.
Sediment Trap (SC-3)
Description:
A sediment trap is a temporary basin formed by excavation and/or construction of
an earthen embankment across a waterway or low drainage area to detain sediment-
laden runoff and allow sediment to settle out before discharging.
at Caitrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks Section 7
Construction Site Best IVIanagement Practices Manual Dewatering Operations NS-2
March 1,2003 5 of 12
Dewatering Operations NS-2
Appropriate Applications:
• Effective for tiie removal of large and medium sized particles (sand and gravel)
and some metals that settle out with the sediment.
Implementation:
• Excavation and construction of related facilities is required.
• Trap inlets shall be located to maximize the travel distance to the trap outlet.
• Use rock or vegetation to protect the trap outlets against erosion.
Maintenance:
• Maintenance is requfred for vegetation, embankment, inlet and outfall
structures, as well as other features.
• Removal of sediment is requfred when the storage volume is reduced by one-
tiifrd.
Category 2: Mobile Settling Technologies
The devices discussed in this category are typical of tanks that can be used for
sediment treatment of dewatering operations. A variety of vendors are available
who supply these tanks.
Wefr Tank
Description:
A weir tank separates water and waste by usmg wefrs. The configuration ofthe
wefrs (over and under weirs) maximizes the residence time in the tank and
determines the waste to be removed from the water, such as oil, grease, and
sediments.
Appropriate Applications:
• The tank removes trash, some settleable solids (gravel, sand, and silt), some
visible oil and grease, and some metals (removed with sediment). To achieve
high levels of flow, multiple tanks can be used m parallel. If additional
treatment is desired, the tanks can be placed in series or as pre-treatment for
other methods.
Implementation:
• Tanks are delivered to the site by the vendor, who can provide assistance with
set-up and operation.
• Tank size will depend on flow volume, constituents of concem, and residency
period required. Vendors shall be consulted to appropriately size tank.
JB/^ Caitrans Stomi Water Quality Handbooks Section 7
aS^B Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Dewatering Operations NS-2
aJSSw • 2003 6 of 12
Dewatering Operations NS-2
Maintenance:
• Periodic cleaning is required based on visual inspection or reduced flow.
• Oil and grease disposal must be by licensed waste disposal company.
Schematic Diagrams:
Weir Tanks
Dewatering Tank
Description:
A dewatering tank removes debris and sediment. Flow enters the tank through the
top, passes through a fabric fiher, and is discharged through the bottom of the tank.
The filter separates the sohds from the hquids.
Appropriate Applications:
• The tank removes trash, gravel, sand, and silt, some visible oil and grease, and
some metals (removed witii sediment). To achieve high levels of flow, multiple
tanks can be used m parallel. If additional treatment is desired, the tanks can be
placed in series or as pre-treatment for other methods.
Implementation:
• Tanks are delivered to the site by the vendor, who can provide assistance with
set-up and operation.
• Tank size will depend on flow volume, constituents of concem, and residency
period required. Vendors shall be consuhed to appropriately size tank.
Maintenance:
• Periodic cleaning is required based on visual mspection or reduced flow.
• Oil and grease disposal must be by licensed waste disposal company.
JH^L Caitrans Stonn Water Quaiity Handbooks
BS^E Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
njEL March 1,2003
Section 7
Dewatering Operations NS-2
7 of 12
Dewatering Operations NS-2
Schematic Diagrams:
Dewatering Tanks
Category 3: Basic Filtration Technologies
Gravity Bag Filter
Description:
A gravity bag filter, also referred to as a dewatering bag, is a square or rectangular
bag made of non-woven geotextile fabric that coUects sand, silt, and fines.
Appropriate Applications:
• Effective for tiie removal of sedunents (gravel, sand, and sih). Some metals are
removed with the sediment.
Implementation:
• Water is pumped into one side of the bag and seeps through the bottom and
sides of the bag.
• A secondary barrier, such as a rock filter bed or straw/hay bale barrier, is placed
beneath and beyond the edges of the bag to capture sediments that escape the bag.
Maintenance:
• Inspection of the flow conditions, bag condition, bag capacity, and the
secondary barrier is required.
• Replace the bag when it no longer filters sediment or passes water at a
reasonable rate.
• The bag is disposed off-site, or on-site as directed by the RE.
^gtLg Caitrans Storm VVteter Quaiity Handbooks Section 7
aS^B Construction Site Best IVIanagement Practices Manual Dewatering Operations NS-2
aJSSw March 1,2003 8 of 12
Dewatering Operations NS-2
Schematic Diagrams:
Oi.."'-'-.
DEmTERIHO 3«3
AVAIL*B-E W ¥/..fl;OUS SHAPES AND SIZES F0=? SECtP/'Err CON"AtNMENT
11
i
rii,r:.-HEir,vMrn
Gravity Bag Filter
Category 4: Advanced Filtration Technologies
Sand Media Particulate Filter
Description:
Water is treated by passing it through canisters filled with sand media. Generally,
sand filters provide a final level of treatment. They are often used as a secondary or
higher level of treatment after a significant amount of sediment and other pollutants
have been removed.
Appropriate Applications:
• Effective for the removal of trash, gravel, sand, and silt and some metals, as
well as the reduction of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and turbidity.
• Sand filters can be used for standalone treatment or in conjunction with bag and
cartridge filtration if further treatment is requfred.
• Sand filters can also be used to provide additional treatment to water treated via
settling or basic filfration.
Implementation:
• The filters requfre delivery to the site and mitial set up. The vendor can provide
assistance with installation and operation.
Maintenance:
• The filters requfre monthly service to monitor and maintain the sand media.
Caitrans Stomi water Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices IVIanual
UiH,^ March 1,2003
Section 7
Dewatering Operations NS-2
9 of 12
Dewatering Operations NS-2
Schematic Diagrams:
Sand Media Particulate Filters
Pressurized Bag Filter
Description:
A pressurized bag filter is a unit composed of smgle fiher bags made from polyester
feh material. The water fihers through the unit and is discharged through a header,
allovwng for the discharge of flow m series to an additional treatment unit. Vendors
provide pressurized bag filters m a variety of configurations. Some units mclude a
combmation of bag filters and cartridge filters for enhanced contammant removal.
Appropriate Applications:
• Effective for the removal of sediment (sand and silt) and some metals, as well
as the reduction of BOD, turbidity, and hydrocarbons. Oil absorbent bags are
available for hycfrocarbon removal.
• Filters can be used to provide secondary treatment to water treated via settling
or basic filtration.
Implementation:
• The filters requfre delivery to the site and mitial set up. The vendor can provide
assistance with installation and operation.
Maintenance:
• The filter bags requfre replacement when the pressure differential exceeds the
manufacturer's recommendation.
Caitrans Storm Water Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices IVIanual
March 1,2003
Section 7
Dewatering Operations NS-2
10 of 12
Dewatering Operations NS-2
Schematic Diagrams:
Pressurized Bag Filter
Cartridge Filter
Description:
Cartridge filters provide a high degree of pollutant removal by utihzmg a number of
individual cartridges as part of a larger filtering unit. They are often used as a
secondaiy or higher (pohshing) level of treatment after a significant amount of
seciiment and other pollutants are removed. Units come with various cartridge
configurations (for use in series with pressurized bag filters) or with a larger single
cartridge filtration unit (with multiple fihers wdthin).
Appropriate Applications:
• Efifective for the removal of sediment (sand, sih, and some clays) and metals, as
well as the reduction of BOD, turbidity, and hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons can
effectively be removed with special resin cartridges.
• Fihers can be used to provide secondary treatment to water treated via settling
or basic filtration.
Implementation:
• The filters requfre delivery to the site and initial set up. The vendor can provide
assistance.
Maintenance:
• The cartridges requfre replacement when the pressure differential exceeds tiie
manufacturer's recommendation.
Caitrans Stonn Water Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best IVIanagement Practices Manuai
March 1,2003
Section 7
Dewatering Operations NS-2
11 of 12
Dewatering Operations NS-2
Schematic Designs:
Cartridge Filter
Bt
aMnaw
Caitrans Stomn V\^ter Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best IVIanagement Practices Manual
March 1,2003
Section 7
Dewatering Operations NS-2
12 of 12
Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3
#7
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
o Soil Stabilization
o Sediment Control
o Tracking Control
o Wind Erosion Control
• Non-Storm Water Management
o Materials and Waste Management
Definition and
Purpose
Appropriate
Applications
Limitations
Standards and
Specifications
Procedures and practices for conducting pavuig, saw cutting, and grinding
operations to minimize the transport of pollutants to the storm cfrain system or
receivmg water body.
These procedures are implemented where paving, surfacfrig, resurfacing, grinding
or sawcutting, may pollute storm water runoff or discharge to the storm drain
system or watercourses.
• Finer solids are not effectively removed by filtration systems.
• Paving opportunities may be limited during wet weather.
• Substances used to coat asphah transport tmcks, asphalt tmcks, and asphalt
spreading equipment shall not contain soap and shall be non-foaming and
non-toxic.
• Place plastic materials under asphaltic concrete (AC) pavuig equipment while
not m use, to catch and/or contain cfrips and leaks. See also BMP WM-4,
"Spill Prevention and Contt-ol."
• When paving involves AC, the followdng steps shall be implemented to
prevent the discharge of uncompacted or loose AC, tack coats, equipment
cleaners, or other paving materials:
- Minimize sand and gravel from new asphalt from getting into storm
drains, streets, and creeks by sweeping.
- Old or spilled asphalt must be recycled or disposed as approved by the
Resident Enguieer (RE).
Caitrans Storm Water Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
jfM^^ March 1, 2003
Section 7
Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3
1 of 4
Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3
- AC grinduigs, pieces, or chunks used in embankments or shoulder backing
must not be allowed to enter any stonn drain or watercourses. Install silt
fence until stmcture is stabilized or permanent controls are in place.
- Collect and remove all broken asphalt and recycle when practical;
otherwise, dispose m accordance witii Standard Specification 7-1.13.
- Any AC chunks and pieces used in embankments must be placed above
the water table and covered by at least 0.3 m (1 ft) of material.
- Durmg chip seal application and sweepmg operations, pefroleum or
petroleum covered aggregate must not be allowed to enter any storm
cfrain or water courses. Use silt fence until uistallation is complete.
- Use only non-toxic substances to coat asphah transport tmcks and asphalt
spreading equipment.
• Drainage inlet stmctures and manholes shall be covered with filter fabric
during application of seal coat, tack coat, slurry seal, and/or fog seal.
• Seal coat, tack coat, slurry seal, or fog seal shall not be apphed if rafrifall is
predicted to occur during the application or curing period.
• Pavmg equipment parked onsite shall be parked over plastic to prevent soil
contamination.
• Clean asphalt-coated equipment off-site whenever possible. When cleaning
ciry, hardened asphalt from equipment, manage hardened asphalt debris as
described in BMP WM-5, "Solid Waste Management." Any cleanfrig onsite
shall follow BMP NS-8, "Vehicle and Equipment Cleanmg."
• Do not wash sweepuigs from exposed aggregate concrete into a storm drain
system. Collect and retum to aggregate base stockpile, or dispose of properly.
• AUow aggregate rinse to settle. Then, eitiier allow rinse water to dry m a
temporary pk as described hi BMP WM-8, "Concrete Waste Management,"
or dispose in accorciance with Standard Specifications Section 7-1.13.
• Do not allow saw-cut Portland Concrete Cement (PCC) slurry to enter storm
chains or watercourses.
Pavement Grinding or Removal
u Residue from PCC grindmg operations shall be picked up by means of a
vacuum attachment to the grindmg machme, shaU not be allowed to flow
across the pavement, and shall not be left on tiie surface of the pavement. See
also BMP WM-8, "Concrete Waste Management;" and BMP WM-10,
"Liquid Waste Management," and Standard Specifications Section 42-2
Caltrans Stomi Water Quality Handbooks Section 7
Construction Site Best Management Practices IVIanual Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3
March 1,2003 2 of 4
Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3
"Grindings."
• Collect pavement digout material by mechanical or manual methods. This
material may be recycled if approved by the RE for use as shoulder backing
or base material at locations approved by the RE.
• If digout material cannot be recycled, transport the material back to a
maintenance facility or approved storage site.
• Digout activities shall not be conducted in the rain.
• When approved by the RE, stockpile material removed from roadways away
from drain inlets, cfrainage ditches, and watercourses and stored consistent
witii BMP WM-3, "Stockpile Management."
• Disposal or use of AC grindings shall be approved by the RE. See also BMP
WM-8, "Concrete Waste Management."
Thermoplastic Striping
m All thermoplastic striper and pre-heater equipment shutoff valves shall be
inspected to ensure that they are working properly to prevent leaking
thermoplastic from entering cfrain inlets, the storm water drauiage system, or
watercourses.
• The pre-heater shall be filled carefully to prevent splashing or spilling of hot
thermoplastic. Leave six inches of space at the top of the pre-heater container
when filling thermoplastic to allow room for material to move when the
vehicle is deadheaded.
• Contractor shall not pre-heat, transfer, or load thermoplastic near cfrain inlets
or watercourses.
• Clean tmck beds daily of loose debris and melted thermoplastic. When
possible recycle thermoplastic material. Thermoplastic waste shall be
disposed of ui accordance with Standard Specification 7-1.13.
Raised/Recessed Pavement Marker Application and Removal
m Do not transfer or load bituminous material near drain inlets, the storm water
drainage system or watercourses.
• Melting tanks shall be loaded with care and not filled to beyond six inches
from the top to leave room for splashing when vehicle is deadheaded.
• When servicing or filling melting tanks, ensure all pressure is released before
removing lids to avoid spills.
• On large scale projects, use mechanical or manual methods to collect excess
MBK^ Caitrans Storni Water Quality Handbooks Section 7
BS^B Construction Site Best Management Practices Manuai Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3
aJSmm ^''^ ^ • 2003 3 of 4
Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3
bituminous material from the roadway after removal of markers.
• Waste shall be disposed of in accordance wdtii Standard Specification 7-1.13.
Maintenance and • Inspect and mamtam machuieiy regularly to minimize leaks and drips.
Inspection
• Ensure that employees and subcontractors are implementing appropriate
measures during paving operations.
^B^m Caitrans Stomi water Quaiity Handbooks Section 7
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3
OHmw March 1,2003 ^^^4
Veliicle and Equipment Fueling NS-9
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
o Soil Stabilization
o Sediment Control
o Tracking Control
o Wind Erosion Control
• Non-Storm Water Management
o Materials and Waste Management
Definition and
Purpose
Vehicle and equipment fueling procedures and practices are designed to minimize
or eliminate the discharge of fuel spills and leaks into storm cfrain systems or to
watercourses.
Appropriate
Applications
Limitations
Standards and
Specifications
These procedures are applied on all constmction sites where vehicle and
equipment fueling takes place.
• Onsite vehicle and equipment fueling shall only be used where it's impractical
to send vehicles and equipment off-site for fueling.
• When fueling must occur onsite, the confractor shall select and designate an
area to be used, subject to approval of the Resident Engineer (RE).
• Absorbent spill clean-up materials and spill kits shall be available fri fueling
areas and on fueling tmcks and shall be disposed of properly after use.
• Drip pans or absorbent pads shall be used during vehicle and equipment
fueling, unless the fiieling is performed over an impermeable surface in a
dedicated fueling area.
• Dedicated fueling areas shall be protected from storm water run-on and
mnoff, and shall be located at least 15 m (50 ft) from downstream drainage
facilities and watercourses. Fueling must be performed on level-grade areas.
• Nozzles used in vehicle and equipment fiieling shall be equipped with an
automatic shut-off to control drips. Fueluig operations shall not be left
unattended.
• Protect fueling areas with berms and/or dikes to prevent run-on, runoff, and to
contain spills.
JQI^ Caitrans Storm Water Quaiity Handbooks
B^^B Construction Site Best Management Practices Manuai
aJSUL March 1,2003
Section 7
Vehicle and Equipment Fueling NS-9
1 of 2
Veliicle and Equipment Fueling NS-9
• Use vapor recovery nozzles to help control drips as well as air pollution
where required by Air Quality Management Districts (AQMD). Ensure tiie
nozzle is secured upright when not in use.
• Fuel tanks shall not be "topped-off"
• Vehicles and equipment shall be inspected on each day of use for leaks.
Leaks shall be repaired immediately or problem vehicles or equipment shall
be removed from the project site.
• Absorbent spill clean-up materials shall be available m fuelmg and
mamtenance areas and used on small spills instead of hosing down or burymg
techniques. The spent absorbent material shaU be removed promptly and
disposed of properly.
• Federal, state, and local requirements shall be observed for any stationary
above ground storage tanks. Refer to WM-1, "Material Delivery and
Storage."
• Mobile fuelmg of constmction equipment tiiroughout the site shall be
minimized. Whenever practical, equipment shall be transported to the
designated fiieling area.
Maintenance and • Fueling areas and storage tanks shaU be inspected regularly.
Inspection
• Keep an ample supply of spiU cleanup material on tiie site.
• Immediately cleanup spills and properiy dispose of contaminated soil and
cleanup materials.
BSBm <^aitrans Storm Water Quaiity Handbooks Section 7
•^•r Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Vehicie and Equipment Fueiinq NS-9
(Ubwm March 1,2003 ''2of2
Material Delivery and Storage WM-1
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
o Soil Stabiiization
o Sediment Control
o Tracking Control
o Wind Erosion Control
• Non-Storm Water Management
• Materials and Waste Management
Definition and Procedures and practices for the proper handling and storage of materials hi a
Purpose inanner that minimizes or eliminates the discharge of these materials to the storm
drain system or to watercourses.
Appropriate These procedures are implemented at all constmction sites wdth delivery and
Applications storage of tiie foUowmg:
• Hazardous chemicals such as:
- Acids,
- lime,
- glues,
- adhesives,
- paints,
- solvents, and
- curing compounds.
• Soil stabilizers and binders.
• Fertilizers.
• Detergents.
• Plaster.
• Petroleum products such as fuel, oil, and grease.
• Asphah and concrete components.
• Pesticides and herbicides.
Caitrans Storm Water Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manuai
March 1,2003
Section 8
Material Deiivery and Storage WM-I
1 of 4
Material Delivery and Storage WM-1
• Other materials that may be detrimental if released to the environment.
Limitations • Space limitation may preclude indoor storage.
• Storage sheds must meet building & fire code requirements.
Standards and General
Specifications „ .
• 1 ram employees and subcontractors on the proper material delivery and
storage practices.
• Temporary storage area shaU be located away from vehicular traffic.
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) shall be supplied to tiie Resident
Enguieer (RE) for all materials stored.
Material Storage Areas and Practices
m Liquids, petroleum products, and substances listed m 40 CFR Parts 110, 117,
or 302 shall be stored m approved containers and drums and shall be placed in
temporary contaimnent facihties for storage.
• Throughout tiie rainy season, each temporary containment facility shaU have
a permanent cover and side wind protection or be covered during non-
working days and prior to and during ram events.
• A temporary containment facility shall provide for a spiU containment volume
able to contam precipitation from a 24-hour, 25-year storm event, plus tiie
greater of 10% of tiie aggregate volume of all contafriers or 100% oftiie
capacity ofthe largest container within its boundary, whichever is greater.
• A temporary contamment facility shaU be impervious to the materials stored
therefri for a minfrnum contact time of 72 hours.
• A temporary containment facility shall be mamtamed free of accumulated
ramwater and spills. In the event of spills or leaks, accumulated ramwater
and spills shall be collected and placed mto drums. These liquids shall be
handled as a hazardous waste unless testing determmes them to be non-
hazardous. All collected liquids or non-hazardous liquids shall be sent to an
approved disposal site.
• Sufficient separation shall be provided between stored contamers to allow for
spill cleanup and emergency response access.
• Incompatible materials, such as chlorine and ammonia, shaU not be stored m
the same temporary containment facility.
• Materials shall be stored in tiieir origmal contamers and the original product
labels shall be mamtauied m place m a legible condition. Damaged or
otherwise illegible labels shall be replaced immediately.
Caltrans Storni V\feiter Quaiity Handbooks Section 8
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Material Deiivery and Storaqe WM-1
/ZbW March 1,2003 2 of 4
Material Deiivery and Storage WiVI-1
• Bagged and boxed materials shall be stored on pallets and shall not be
allowed to accumulate on the ground. To provide protection from wind and
rain, throughout the rainy season, bagged and boxed materials shall be
covered during non-working days and prior to rain events.
• Stockpiles shall be protected m accordance with BMP WM-3, "Stockpile
Management."
• Minimize tiie material mventory stored on-she (e.g., only a few days supply).
• Have proper storage instmctions posted at all times in an open and
conspicuous location.
• Do not store hazardous chemicals, dmms, or bagged materials directly on the
ground. Place these items on a pallet and when possible, under cover in
secondary containment.
• Keep hazardous chemicals weU labeled and in thefr original contamers.
• Keep ample supply of appropriate spill clean up material near storage areas.
• Also see BMP WM-6, "Hazardous Waste Management", for storing of
hazardous materials.
Material Delivery Practices
• Keep an accurate, up-to-date inventory of material delivered and stored on-
site.
• Employees framed m emergency spiU clean-up procedures shaU be present
when dangerous materials or liquid chemicals are unloaded.
Spill Clean-up
m Contain and clean up any spill immediately.
• If significant residual materials remain on the ground after constmction is
complete, properly remove and dispose any hazardous materials or
contaminated soil.
• See BMP WM-4, "Spill Prevention and Control", for spills of chemicals
and/or hazardous materials.
Caitrans Stonn Water Quaiity Handbooks ^^T. ?
Construction Site Best IVIanagement Practices Manuai Matenai Deiivery and Storage WVM-1
OMtnm ^ • 2003 3 of 4
Material Deiivery and Storage WM-1
Maintenance and
Inspection
Storage areas shall be kept clean, well organized, and equipped with ample
clean-up supplies as appropriate for the materials being stored.
Perimeter controls, contamment stmctures, covers, and liners shall be repaired
or replaced as needed to maintain proper fimction.
Inspect storage areas before and after rainfall events, and at least weekly
during otiier times. Collect and place into dmms any spills or accumulated
rainwater.
^BBm C^l^'^ns stomi Water Quality Handbooks
aS^E Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
March 1,2003
Section 8
Material Deiivery and Storage WM-I
4 of 4
Material Use WM-2
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
o Soil Stabilization
o Sediment Control
o Tracking Control
o Wind Erosion Control
• Non-Storm Water Management
• Materials and Waste Management
Definition and These are procedures and practices for use of constmction material in a manner
Purpose ^3t mmimizes or eliminates the discharge of these materials to the storm drain
system or to watercourses.
Appropriate This BMP applies to all constmction projects. These procedures apply when the
Applications following materials are used or prepared on site:
• Hazardous chemicals such as:
Acids,
lime,
glues,
adhesives,
paints,
solvents, and
curing compounds.
• Soil stabilizers and binders.
• Fertilizers.
• Detergents.
• Plaster.
• Petroleum products such as fiiel, oil, and grease.
• Asphalt and concrete components.
• Pesticides and herbicides.
• Other materials that may be detrimental if released to the environment.
Oifbww
Caltrans Stonn Water Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
March 1,2003
Section 8
Material Use WM-2
1 of2
Material Use WM-2
Limitations
Standards and
Specifications
Maintenance and
Inspections
• Safer altemative building and constmction products may not be available or
suitable in every instance.
• Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) shall be supplied to the Resident
Engineer (RE) for all materials.
• Latex pamt and pamt cans, used bmshes, rags, absorbent materials, and drop
cloths, when thoroughly dry and are no longer hazardous, may be disposed of
with other constmction debris.
• Do not remove the original product label, it contains unportant safety and
disposal mformation. Use the entfre product before disposing ofthe contamer.
• Mix pamt mdoors, or in a contamment area. Never clean paintbmshes or
rinse pamt containers mto a street, gutter, storm drahi or watercourse.
Dispose of any pafrit tiimners, residue and sludge(s), tiiat cannot be recycled,
as hazardous waste.
• For water-based pamt, clean bmshes to the extent practical, and rinse to a
dram leadmg to a sanitary sewer where pemiitted, or mto a concrete washout
ph. For oil-based pamts, clean bmshes to the extent practical and filter and
reuse thinners and solvents.
• Use recycled and less hazardous products when practical. Recycle residual
paints, solvents, non-treated lumber, and otiier materials.
• Use materials only where and when needed to complete the constmction
activity. Use safer altemative materials as much as possible. Reduce or
eliminate use of hazardous materials on-site when practical.
• Do not over-apply fertilizers and pesticides. Prepare only the amount needed.
Strictly follow the recommended usage mstmctions. Apply surface dressmgs
m smaller applications, as opposed to large apphcations, to allow time for it
to work m and to avoid excess materials bemg carried off-site by runofif
• Application of herbicides and pesticides shall be performed by a licensed
applicator.
• Contractors are required to complete the "Report of Chemical Spray Forms"
when spraying herbicides and pesticides.
• Keep an ample supply of spill clean up material near use areas. Trafri
employees in spill clean up procedures.
• Avoid exposmg applied materials to ramfall and runoff unless sufficient time
has been allowed for them to dry.
• Spot check employees and subcontractors monthly throughout the job to
ensure appropriate practices are befrig employed.
at
rutfww
Caitrans Stomi \Afater Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manuai
March 1,2003
Section 8
Material Use WIV(-2
2 of 2
Spill Prevention and Control WM-4
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
o Soil Stabilization
o Sediment Control
o Tracking Controi
o Wind Erosion Control
• Non-Storm Water Management
• Materials and Waste Management
Definition and
Purpose
Appropriate
Application
These procedures and practices are implemented to prevent and control spills in a
manner that minimizes or prevents the discharge of spilled material to the
drauiage system or watercourses.
This best management practice (BMP) applies to all constmction projects. SpiU
control procedures are implemented anytime chemicals and/or hazardous
substances are stored. Substances may include, but are not limited to:
• Soil stabilizers/binders.
• Dust Palliatives.
• Herbicides.
• Growth inhibitors.
• Fertilizers.
• Deicing/anti-icing chemicals.
• Fuels.
• Lubricants.
• Other petroleum distillates.
To the extent that the work can be accomplished safely, spills of oil, pefroleum
products, substances listed under 40 CFR parts 110, 117, and 302, and sanitary
and septic wastes shall be contained and cleaned up unmediately.
Bt Caitrans Stonn Water Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manuai
March 1,2003
Section 8
Spill Prevention and Controi WM-4
1 of 4
Spili Prevention and Controi WM-4
Limitations • This BMP only applies to spills caused by the contractor.
• Procedures and practices presented m this BMP are general. Contractor shall
identify appropriate practices for the specific materials used or stored on-site.
Standards and • To the extent that it doesn't compromise clean up activities, spills shall be
Specifications covered and protected from storm water run-on during rainfall.
• Spills shall not be buried or washed wdth water.
• Used clean up materials, contaminated materials, and recovered spill material
that is no longer suitable for the mtended purpose shall be stored and disposed
of in conformance with the special provisions.
• Water used for cleanmg and decontamination shall not be allowed to enter
storm drains or watercourses and shall be coUected and disposed of in
accordance with BMP WM-10, "Liquid Waste Management."
• Water overflow or minor water spillage shall be contamed and shall not be
allowed to discharge into cfrainage facUities or watercourses.
• Proper storage, clean-up and spill reporting instmction for hazardous
materials stored or used on the project site shall be posted at aU tunes in an
open, conspicuous and accessible location.
• Waste storage areas shall be kept clean, well organized and equipped wdth
ample clean-up supplies as appropriate for the materials bemg stored.
Perimeter controls, containment stmctures, covers and liners shall be repafred
or replaced as needed to maintaui proper function.
Education
m Educate employees and subcontractors on what a "significant spiU" is for each
material they use, and what is the appropriate response for "significant" and
"insignificant" spills.
• Educate employees and subcontractors on potential dangers to humans and
the environment from spills and leaks.
• Hold regular meetmgs to discuss and remforce appropriate disposal
procedures (mcorporate mto regular safety meetings).
• Establish a continuing education program to indoctrinate new employees.
• The Contractor's Water Pollution Conti-ol Manager (WPCM) shall oversee
and enforce proper spill prevention and control measures.
BSMm caitrans stonn Water Quaiity Handbooks Sections
BSB Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Spiii Prevenlion and Controi WM-4
anbanm March 1,2003 2 of 4
Spili Prevention and Control |wM-4
Cleanup and Storage Procedures
m Minor Spills
- Muior spills typically involve small quantities of oil, gasoline, paint, etc.,
which can be controlled by the first responder at the discovery of the
spill.
- Use absorbent materials on small spills rather than hosing down or
burymg the spill.
- Remove the absorbent materials promptly and dispose of properly.
- The practice commonly followed for a minor spill is:
- Contain the spread of the spill.
- Recover spilled materials.
- Clean the contaminated area and/or properly dispose of contaminated
materials.
• Semi-Significant Spills
- Semi-significant spills still can be controlled by the ffrst responder along
with the aid of other personnel such as laborers and the foreman, etc.
This response may requfre the cessation of all other activities.
- Clean up spills immediately:
- Notify the project foreman immediately. The foreman shall notify the
Resident Engineer (RE).
- Contain spread of the spill.
- If the spUl occurs on paved or impermeable surfaces, clean up using
"dry" methods (absorbent materials, cat litter and/or rags). Contain
the spill by encircling wdth absorbent materials and do not let the spill
spread widely.
- If the spill occurs in dirt areas, immediately contam the spill by
constmcting an earthen dike. Dig up and properly dispose of
contaminated soil.
- If the spill occurs during rain, cover spill with tarps or other material
to prevent contaminating runoflf.
JH^^ Caitrans Stonn W^ter Quaiity Handbooks Section 8
BS^E Construction Site Best Management Practices Manuai Spiii Prevention and Controi WM-4
March 1, 2003 3 of 4
Spill Prevention and Control |wM-4
• Significant/Hazardous Spills
- For significant or hazardous spills that cannot be controlled by personnel
m tiie immediate vicinity, the following steps shall be taken:
- Notify tiie RE immediately and follow up with a written report.
- Notify the local emergency response by dialuig 911. In addition to
911, the contractor will notify the proper county officials. It is the
conti-actor's responsibility to have all emergency phone numbers at
the constmction site.
- Notify the Govemor's Office of Emergency Services Wammg Center,
(805)852-7550.
- For spills of federal reportable quantities, in conformance wdth the
requirements in 40 CFR parts 110,119, and 302, tiie conti-actor shall
notify the National Response Center at (800) 424-8802.
- Notification shall ffrst be made by telephone and followed up with a
written report.
- The services of a spUls contractor or a Haz-Mat team shall be
obtained hnmediateiy. Constmction personnel shall not attempt to
clean up tiie spiU until the appropriate and quahfied staff have arrived
at the job site.
- Other agencies which may need to be consulted mclude, but are not
limited to, the Fire Department, the Public Works Department, the
Coast Guard, the Highway Pafrol, tiie City/County Police
Department, Department of Toxic Substances, Califomia Division of
Oil and Gas, Cal/OSHA, RWQCB, etc.
Maintenance and • Verify weekly that spill conti-ol clean up materials are located near material
Inspection storage, unloaduig, and use areas.
• Update spill prevention and control plans and stock appropriate clean-up
materials whenever changes occur m the types of chemicals used or stored
onsite.
Caltrans Storni V\feiter Quaiity Handbooks Section 8
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Spiii Prevention and Controi VVM-4
tUbww March 1,2003 4 of 4 Bt
Solid Waste Management WM-5
standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
o Soil Stabilization
o Sediment Control
o Tracking Control
o Wind Erosion Control
• Non-Storm Water Management
• Materials and Waste Management
Definition and
Purpose
Appropriate
Applications
Solid waste management procedures and practices are designed to minimize or
eliminate the discharge of pollutants to the drainage system or to watercourses as
a resuh of the creation, stockpiling, or removal of constmction site wastes.
Solid waste management procedures and practices are implemented on all
constmction projects that generate solid wastes.
Solid wastes include but are not limited to:
• Constmction wastes including brick, mortar, timber, steel and metal scraps,
sawdust, pipe and electrical cuttings, non-hazardous equipment parts,
styrofoam and other materials used to transport and package constmction
materials.
Limitations
Highway planting wastes, including vegetative material, plant containers, and
packaging materials.
Litter, including food containers, beverage cans, coffee cups, paper bags,
plastic wrappers, and smoking materials, including litter generated by the
public.
Temporary stockpiling of certain constmction wastes may not necessitate
stringent (frainage related controls during the non-rainy season or in desert
areas with low rainfall.
QjHjt3JtM
Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual
March 1, 2003
Section 8
Solid Waste Management WM-5
1 of 4
Solid Waste Management IwiviTs
standards and Education
Specifications ^ Conti-actor's Water Pollution Control Manager (WPCM) shall oversee
and enforce proper solid waste procedures and practices.
• Instmct employees and subcontractors on identification of solid waste and
hazardous waste.
• Educate employees and subcontractors on solid waste storage and disposal
procedures.
• Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce disposal procedures
(incorporate into regular safety meetings).
• Require that employees and subcontractors follow solid waste handlmg and
storage procedures.
• Prohibit littering by employees, subcontractors, and visitors.
• Wherever possible, minimize production of solid waste materials.
Collection, Storage, and Disposal
m Dumpsters of sufficient size and number shaU be provided to contain the solid
waste generated by the project and properly serviced.
• Littering on the project site shaU be prohibited.
• To prevent clogging of the storm cframage system litter and debris removal
from drarnage grates, trash racks, and ditch Imes shall be a priority.
• Trash receptacles shall be provided m the Contractor's yard, field trailer
areas, and at locations where workers congregate for lunch and break periods.
• Constmction debris and litter from work areas within the constmction limits
of the project site shall be collected and placed in watertight dumpsters at
least weekly regardless of whether the litter was generated by the Contractor,
the public, or others. Collected litter and debris shall not be placed m or next
to drain inlets, storm water cfrainage systems or watercourses.
• Full dumpsters shall be removed from the project site and the contents shall
be disposed of outside the highway right-of-way m conformance wdth the
provisions in the Standard Specifications Section 7-1.13.
• Litter stored in coUection areas and contamers shall be handled and disposed
of by trash hauling contractors.
• Constmction debris and waste shall be removed from the site every two
weeks or as dfrected by the RE.
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Construction Site Best Management Practices Manuai Soiid V\^ste Management WM-5
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Solid Waste Management WM-5
et
Bt^fww
Constmction material visible to the public shall be stored or stacked in an
orderly marmer to the satisfaction of the RE.
Storm water run-on shall be prevented from contacting stored solid waste
through the use of berms, dikes, or other temporary diversion stmctures or
through the use of measures to elevate waste from site surfaces.
Solid waste storage areas shall be located at least 15 m (50 ft) from drainage
facilities and watercourses and shall not be located in areas prone to flooding
or ponding.
Except during fair weather, constmction and highway plantmg waste not
stored in watertight dumpsters shall be securely covered from wind and rain
by covering the waste with tarps or plastic sheeting or protected in
conformance wdth the applicable Disturbed Soil Area protection section.
Dumpster washout on the project site is not allowed.
Notify trash hauling contractors that only watertight dumpsters are acceptable
for use on-site.
Plan for additional containers during the demolition phase of constmction.
Plan for more frequent pickup during the demolition phase of constmction.
Constmction waste shall be stored m a designated area approved by the RE.
Segregate potentially hazardous waste from non-hazardous constmction site
waste.
Keep the site clean of litter debris.
Make sure that toxic liquid wastes (e.g., used oils, solvents, and paints) and
chemicals (e.g., acids, pesticides, additives, curing compounds) are not
disposed of ui dumpsters designated for constmction debris.
Dispose of non-hazardous waste in accorciance wdth Standard Specification
7-1.13, Disposal of Material Outside the Highway Right of Way.
For disposal of hazardous waste, see BMP WM-6, "Hazardous Waste
Management." Have hazardous waste hauled to an appropriate disposal
and/or recyclfrig facility.
Salvage or recycle useful vegetation debris, packaging and/or surplus building
materials when practical. For example, trees and shmbs from land clearing
can be converted into wood chips, then used as mulch on graded areas. Wood
pallets, cardboard boxes, and constmction scraps can also be recycled.
Caitrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks Section 8
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Soiid Waste Management WM-S
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Soiid Waste Management WM-5
Maintenance and • The WPCM shall monitor onshe solid waste storage and disposal procedures.
Inspection
• Police site for litter and debris.
Caitrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks Section 8
Marc^" 2003 Management Practices Manual Solid V\faste Management WM-5
OMww 4 of 4
Concrete Waste Management WM-8
CONCRETE
WASHOUT
AREA
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
o Soil Stabilization
o Sediment Control
o Tracking Control
o Wind Erosion Control
• Non-Storm Water Management
• Materials and Waste Management
Definition and These are procedures and practices that are designed to minimize or elhninate the
Purpose discharge of concrete waste materials to the storm cfrain systems or watercourses.
Appropriate
Applications
Limitations
Standards and
Specifications
• Concrete waste management procedures and practices are implemented on
constmction projects where concrete is used as a constmction material or
where concrete dust and debris result from demolition activities.
• Where slurries containing portland cement concrete (PCC) or asphah concrete
(AC) are generated, such as from sawcuttfrig, coring, grindmg, groovmg, and
hycfro-concrete demolition.
• Where concrete tmcks and other concrete-coated equipment are washed on
site, when approved by the Resident Engmeer (RE). See also NS-8, "Vehicle
and Equipment Cleanmg."
• Where mortar-mixing stations exist.
• None identified.
Education
m Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers on the concrete waste
management techniques described herein.
• The Contractor's Water Pollution Control Manager (WPCM) shall oversee
and enforce concrete waste management procedures.
Concrete Slurry Wastes
m PCC and AC waste shall not be allowed to enter storm drams or watercourses.
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March 1,2003
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Concrete Waste Management WM-8
• PCC and AC waste shall be collected and properly disposed of outside the
highway right-of-way in confonnance with Standard Specifications Section
7-1.13 or placed in a temporary concrete washout facility as shown in the
figures on Pages 5 and 6.
• Disposal of hardened PCC and AC waste shall be in conformance with
Standard Specifications Section 15-3.02.
• A sign shall be installed adjacent to each temporary concrete washout facility
to infonn concrete equipment operators to utilize the proper facilities as
shown on Page 6.
• A foreman and/or constmction supervisor shall monitor onsite concrete
working tasks, such as saw cutting, coring, grinding and grooving to ensure
proper methods are implemented.
• Do not allow saw-cut PCC sluny to enter storm drains or watercourses. See
also BMP NS-3, "Paving and Grindmg Operations;" and BMP WM-10,
"Liquid Waste Management." Residue from grinding operations shall be
picked up by means of a vacuum attachment to the grinding machine. Saw
cutting residue shall not be allowed to flow across the pavement, and shall not
be left on the surface of the pavement.
• Vacuum slurry residue and dispose in a temporary facUity (as described in
Onsite Temporary Concrete Washout Facility, Concrete Transit Tmck Washout
Procedures, below) and aUow slmry to cfry. Dispose of dty slurry residue in
accorciance wdth BMP WM-5, "Solid Waste Management", or, for on-site
disposal, in accordance with Standard Specification 15-3.02, Removal Methods.
• Collect and dispose of residue from grooving and grinding operations in
accordance with Standard Specifications Section 42-1.02 and 42-2.02.
Onsite Temporary Concrete Washout Facility, Concrete Transit Truck
Washout Procedures
m Temporaty concrete washout facilities shall be located a niinimum of 15 m
(50 ft) from storm drain inlets, open cfrainage facilities, and watercourses,
unless determined infeasible by the RE. Each facility shall be located away
from constmction traffic or access areas to prevent disturbance or tracking.
• A sign shall be installed adjacent to each washout facility to mform concrete
equipment operators to utilize the proper facilities. The sign shall be installed
as shown on the plans and in conformance with the provisions ui Standard
Specifications Section 56-2, Roadside Signs.
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Concrete Waste Management WM-8
• Temporary concrete washout facilities shall be constmcted above grade or
below grade at the option of the Contractor. Temporaty concrete washout
facilities shall be constmcted and maintained in sufficient quantity and size to
contain all liquid and concrete waste generated by washout operations.
• Temporaty washout facilities shall have a temporaty pit or benned areas of
sufficient volume to completely contain all liquid and waste concrete
materials generated during washout procedures.
• Perform washout of concrete mixer tmcks in designated areas only.
• Wash concrete only from mixer tmck chutes into approved concrete washout
facility. Washout may be collected in an impermeable bag for disposal.
• Pump excess concrete ui concrete pump bm back into concrete mixer tmck.
• Concrete washout from concrete pumper bms can be washed into concrete
pumper tmcks and discharged into designated washout area or properly
disposed offshe.
• Once concrete wastes are washed into the designated area and allowed to
harden, the concrete shaU be broken up, removed, and disposed of per BMP
WM-5, "Solid Waste Management", and m conformance with tiie provisions
m Standard Specifications Section 15-3.02, "Removal Methods."
Temporary Concrete Washout Facility Type "Above Grade"
m Temporaty concrete washout facility Type "Above Grade" shall be
constmcted as shown on Page 5 or 6, wdth a reconimended minimum length
and mmhnum width of 3 m (10 ft), but wdth sufficient quantity and volume to
contain all liquid and concrete waste generated by washout operations. The
length and width of a facility may be mcreased, at the Contractor's expense,
upon approval from the RE.
• Straw bales, wood stakes, and sandbag materials shall conform to the
provisions m BMP SC-9, "Sti-aw Bale Banrier."
• Plastic Immg material shall be a niinimum of 10-mil polyetiiylene sheeting
and shall be free of holes, tears or other defects that compromise the
impermeability of the material.
• Portable delmeators shall confonn to tiie provisions m Standard Specifications
Section 12-3.04, "Portable Delineators.". The delineator bases shaU be
cemented to the pavement in the same manner as provided for cementing
pavement markers to pavement in Standard Specifications Section 85-1.06,
"Placement." Portable delmeators shall be applied only to a clean, dty surface.
MBtL Caitrans storm Water Quality Handbooks Sectioii 8
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Temporary Concrete Washout Facility (Type Below Grade)
m Temporaty concrete washout facility Type "Below Grade" shall be
constmcted as shown on page 6, with a reconimended minimum length and
minimum width of 3m (10 ft). The quantity and volume shall be sufficient to
contain all liquid and concrete waste generated by washout operations. The
length and width of a facility may be increased, at the Contractor's expense,
upon approval of tiie RE. Lath and flagging shall be commercial type.
• Plastic lining material shall be a minimum of 10-mil polyethylene sheeting
and shall be free of holes, tears or other defects that compromise the
impermeability of the material.
• The soil base shall be prepared free of rocks or other debris that may cause
tears or holes in the plastic lining material.
Removal of Temporary Concrete Washout Facilities
m When temporaty concrete washout facUities are no longer requfred for the
work, as determined by the RE, the hardened concrete shall be removed and
disposed of in conformance wdth the provisions in Standard Specifications
Section 15-3.02. Disposal of PCC slurries or liquid waste shall be disposed of
outside the highway right-of-way m conformance with provisions of Standard
Specifications Section 7-1-13. Materials used to constmct temporaty concrete
washout facihties shall become tiie property of the Contractor, shall be
removed from the site of the work, and shall be disposed of outside the
highway right-of-way in conformance with the provisions of the Standard
Specifications, Section 7-1.13.
• Holes, depressions or other ground disturbance caused by the removal of the
temporaty concrete washout facUities shall be backfilled and repafred in
conformance with the provisions m Standard Specifications Section 15-1.02,
"Preservation of Property."
Maintenance and • The Conti-actor's Water Pollution Conti-ol Manager (WPCM) shall monitor on
Inspection site concrete waste storage and disposal procedures at least weekly or as
directed by the RE.
• The WPCM shall monitor concrete workmg tasks, such as saw cutting,
coring, grindmg and grooving daUy to ensure proper methods are employed or
as directed by the RE.
^Bggg Caitrans Stonn Water Quaiity Handbooks Section 8
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Concrete Waste Management WM-8
Temporary concrete washout facilities shall be maintained to provide
adequate holduig capacity with a minimum freeboard of 100 mm (4 inches)
for above grade facilities and 300 mm (12 inches) for below grade facilities.
Maintaining temporaty concrete washout facilities shall include removing and
disposing of hardened concrete and retuming the facilities to a functional
condition. Hardened concrete materials shall be removed and disposed of in
conformance with the provisions fri Standard Specifications Section 15-3.02,
"Removal Metiiods."
Existing facilities must be cleaned, or new facilities must be constmcted and
ready for use once the washout is 75% full.
Temporaty concrete washout facilities shall be inspected for damage (i.e.
tears m PVC liner, missing sand bags, etc.). Damaged facilities shall be
repaired.
Caitrans Stomi Water Quality Handbooks Section 8
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March 1,2003 5o^7
Concrete Waste Management WM-8
SANDBAG
10 mil PLASTIC LINING
1 m
_!
WTH AND
FUGGING ON -
3 SIDES
SANDBAG
10 mil PLASTIC LINING
BERM
SECnOH A-A'
NOT TO SCALE
TYPE "BELOW GRADE"
MIES;
1. ACTUAL LAYOUT DETERMINED IN THE FIELD.
2. THE CONCRETE WASHOUT SIGN (SEE PAGE 6) SHALL
BE INSTALLED WITHIN 10 m OF THE TEI^PORARY
CONCRETE WASHOUT FACIUTY.
WOOD FRAME SECURELY
FASTENED AROUND
ENTIRE PERIMETER
WITH TWO STAKES
BERM
TWO-STACKED
2x12 ROUGH
WOOD FRAME
10 mil PLASTIC LINING
10 mil PLASTIC UNING
SKTIW B-B*
NOT TO SCALE
BAN
NOT TO SCALE
TYPE "ABOVE GRADE"
WITH WOOD PLANKS
STAKE
(TYP.)
Caltrans Storm Water Quaiity Handbooks
Construction Site Best IVIanagement Practices Manual
March 1, 2003
Section 8
Concrete Waste Management uVM-8
Concrete Waste Management
STAPLES
(2 PER BALE)
WOOD OR METAL
STAKES (2 PER BALE)
STRAW BALE
BINDING WIRE •
10 mil PLASTIC LINING
STAKE
(TYP.) -m w
I I CONCRETE 11
I I WASHOUT It
915 mm
915 mm '
PLYWOOD
1200 mm X 610 mm
PAINTED WHITE
BLACK LETTERS
150 mm HEIGHT
LAG SCREWS
(12.5 mm)
WOOO POST
(89 mm x 89 mm x 2.4 m)
CONCRETE WASHOUT
SIGN DETAIL
(OR EQUIVALENT)
Ld
10 mil PLASTIC LINING
JEUH
NOT TO SCALE
TYPE "ABOVE GRADE"
WITH STRAW BALES
STRAW BALE
(TYP.) 200 mm 0
50 mm
3.05 mm DIA.
STEEL WIRE
STAPLE DETAIL
NOTES:
1. ACTUAL LAYOUT DETERMINED IN THE RELD.
2. THE CONCRETE WASHOUT SIGN (SEE RG. 4-15)
SHALL BE INSTALLEO WITHIN 10 m OF THE
TEMPORARY CONCRETE WASHOUT FACILITIY.
C*I.™*NS/nC4-14.D«G SAC 8-14-02
Ib/bmw
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Construction Site Best IVIanagement Practices Manual
March 1,2003
Section 8
Concrete Waste Management WM-8
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Sanitary/Septic Waste Management |wM-9
Standard Symbol
BMP Objectives
o Soil Stabilization
o Sediment Control
o Tracking Control
o Wind Erosion Control
• Non-Storm Water Management
• Materials and Waste Management
Definition and
Purpose
Appropriate
Applications
Limitations
Procedures and practices to minimize or eliminate the discharge of constmction
site sanitaty/septic waste materials to the storm drain system or to watercourses.
Sanitaty/septic waste management practices are implemented on all constmction
sites that use temporaty or portable sanitaty/septic waste systems.
• None identified.
Standards and
Specifications
Education
m Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers on sanitaty/septic waste
storage and disposal procedures.
• Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers of potential dangers to
humans and the environment from sanitaty/septic wastes.
• Instmct employees, subcontractors, and suppliers in identification of
sanitaty/septic waste.
• Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce disposal procedures
(incorporate into regular safety meetings).
• Establish a contmuing education program to indoctrinate new employees.
Storage and Disposal Procedures
u Temporaty sanhaty facilities shall be located away from drainage facilities,
watercourses, and from traffic cfrculation. When subjected to high winds or
risk.
^Hjj^ Caitrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks
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aJS^ March 1,2003
Section 8
Sanitary/Septic Waste Management WIVI-9
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Sanitary/Septic Waste Management |wM-9
• Wastewater shall not be discharged or buried withm the highway
right-of-way.
• Sanitaty and septic systems that discharge dfrectiy frito sanitaty sewer
systems, where pennissible, shall comply with the local health agency, city,
county, and sewer district requirements.
• If using an on she disposal system, such as a septic system, comply with local
health agency requfrements.
• Properly comiect temporaty sanitaty facihties that discharge to the sanitaty
sewer system to avoid ilhcit discharges.
• Ensure that sanitaty/septic facihties are mamtamed fri good workmg order by
a licensed service.
• Use only reputable, hcensed sanitaty/septic waste haulers.
Maintenance and • The Conti-actor's Water Pollution Conti-ol Manager (WPCM) shall monitor
Inspection onshe sanhaty/septic waste storage and disposal procedures at least weekly.
g^^^ Caltrans Stomi Water Quaiity Handbooks Sections 1 • ocuuun o
Construction Site Best Management Practices Manual Sanitary/Septic V\feiste Management WM-9 Ofbwm March 1,2003 2 of 2