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HomeMy WebLinkAboutCT 06-27; Muroya; Storm Water Management Plan; 2011-07-14STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN FOR CARLSBAD TRACT NO. 06-27, MUROYA (SWMP 11-05) July 14, 2011 Preparedfor: Taylor Morrison of California, LLC Southern California Division 15 Gushing Irvine, CA 92618-4220 Wayne W. Chang, MS, PE 46548 o Civil Engineering ° Hydrology - Hydraulics ° Sedimentation P.O. Box 9496 Rancho Santa Fe, CA 92067 (858) 692-0760 RD COPY ...m ZOIl klj3^r> -TABLE OF CONTENTS - 1.0 Introduction 1 1.1 Vicinity Map 1 1.2 Project Description 2 1.3 Site Map 2 1.4 Constraints and Opportunities 2 2.0 Water Quality Environment 3 2.1 Beneficial Uses 3 2.1.1 Inland Surface Waters 3 2.1.2 Groundwater 4 3.0 Pollutants and Conditions of Concern 4 3.1 Pollutants from Project Area 4 3.2 Pollutants of Concern in Receiving Waters 5 4.0 Permanent Storm Water Best Management Practices 5 4.1 Standard Site Design BMPs 6 4.2 Source Control BMPs 7 4.3 Low Impact Development Site Design BMPs 8 4.4 Hydromodification 10 5.0 Storm Water BMP Maintenance 11 6.0 Summary/Conclusions 11 7.0 Certification 12 Storm Water Standards Questionnaire, E-34 Site Map APPENDIX A. Low Impact Development and Hydromodification Analyses B. SCCWRP Channel Screening Analysis 1.0 INTRODUCTION This Storm Water Management Plan (SWMP) addresses water quality requirements associated with final engineering for Carlsbad Tract 06-27, Muroya, located along the west side of Black Rail Road at Songbird Avenue in the city of Carlsbad. A preliminary SWMP was prepared for the tentative map on July 8, 2009 by Hunsaker & Associates, San Diego, Inc. This SWMP is for final engineering and follows the criteria outlined in the City of Carlsbad's January 14, 2011, Standard Urban Storm Water Management Plan (SUSMP). The January 14 SUSMP contains additional requirements that were not present when the preliminary SWMP was prepared. The additional requirements are addressed in this final SWMP. According to the City's Storm Water Standards Questionnaire E-34 (attached following this report text), the development is in the following priority project categories: housing subdivision, streets/roads, and more than 1-acre of disturbance. The SUSMP outlines the SWMP objectives, which are to identify site opportunities and constraints, identify pollutants and conditions of concern, follow low impact development design objectives, describe best management practices (BMPs), and outline maintenance requirements. BMPs will be utilized to the maximum extent practicable to provide a long-term solution for addressing runoff water quality. BMPs were selected that meet the current regulations and also fit within the entitled project. 1.1 Vicinity Map CITY OF SAN MARCOS CITY OF ENCINITAS VICINITY MAP NO SCALE 1.2 Project Description The Carlsbad Tract No 06-27, Muroya project is a proposed residential subdivision that will consist of 37 detached single-family residences along with associated driveways, sidewalks, landscaping, drainage facilities, and outdoor recreation areas. The development will be constructed within a 20.27 acre parcel along the west side of Black Rail Road at Songbird Avenue. Approximately 9.8 acres of the site will become an open space preserve. Adjacent uses consist of residential development. Under pre-project conditions, the site is mostly pervious. The northeasterly portion of the site historically supported agricultural uses. The remainder of the site contains undisturbed natural terrain. A 150-foot wide SDG&E easement containing utility lines is aligned in a northwest to southeast direction near the middle of the site. The site slopes towards the west and southwest. Storm runoff from the northerly portion of the site is collected by an existing storm drain system just beyond the northwest corner of the site along Nightshade Road. Runoff from the remainder of the site flows into an existing storm drain system near the southwesterly corner of the site. There is minimal run-on from off-site areas to the north. The existing storm drains convey the runoff generally towards the south where it ultimately enters Batiquitos Lagoon. Under post-project conditions, two underground storm drain systems will convey runoff through the site and discharge towards the receiving storm drain systems at the northwest and southwest. A proposed detention basin will ensure that the peak 100-year runoff from the site will not be increased and bio-retention basins will be used to meet hydromodification criteria. 1.3 Site Map A Site Map is included following this report text. 1.4 Constraints and Opportunities As shown on the site map, the development is being clustered along the northeasterly portion of the parcel in order to preserve an undisturbed natural area along the southwesterly portion of the site. The clustering provides the ability to preserve over 48 percent of the site in its natural state. The development will consist of detached single-family residences surrounded by gently sloping landscape areas and some shared driveways. The landscape areas provide opportunities to treat runoff through contact and bio-filtration by vegetation. For several of the residences, shared driveways will be used to minimize impervious surfaces. Bioretention basins are proposed at the northwesterly and southerly portions of the development area. The bioretention basins will be used to meet both treatment and hydromodification requirements. The geotechnical engineer is requiring an impervious liner at the bioretention basins. As a result, the basins were sized based on the flow through planter criteria, which assumes an impervious liner. 2.0 WATER QUALITY ENVIRONMENT 2.1 Beneficial Uses The beneficial uses for the hydrologic unit are included in Tables 1 and 2. These tables were obtained from the April 25, 2007 amended Water Quality Control Plan for the San Diego Basin (9). The following contains definitions of the beneficial uses in the tables: MUN - Municipal and Domestic Supply: Includes uses of water for community, military, or individual water supply systems including, but not limited to, drinking water supply. AGR - Agricultural Supply (AGR): Includes uses of water for farming, horticulture, or ranching including, but not limited to, irrigation, stock watering, or support of vegetation for range grazing. REC1 - Contact Recreation: Includes uses of water for recreational activities involving body contact with water, where ingestion of water is reasonably possible. These uses include, but are not limited to, swimming, wading, water-skiing, skin and SCUBA diving, surfing, white water activities, fishing, or use of natural hot springs. REC2 - Non-Contact Recreation: Includes the uses of water for recreational involving proximity to water, but not normally involving body contact with water, where ingestion of water is reasonably possible. These uses include, but are not limited to, picnicking, sunbathing, hiking, camping, boating, tide pool and marine life study, hunting, sightseeing, or aesthetic enjoyment in conjunction with the above activities. WARM - Warm Freshwater Habitat: Includes uses of water that support warm water ecosystems including, but not limited to, preservation or enhancement of aquatic habitats, vegetation, fish or wildlife, including invertebrates. WILD - Wildlife Habitat: Includes uses of water that support terrestrial ecosystems including, but not limited to, preservation and enhancement of terrestrial habitats, vegetation, wildlife, (e.g., mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, invertebrates), or wildlife water and food sources. 2.1.1 Inland Surface Waters Inland surface waters for the San Marcos Hydrologic Area have the beneficial uses shown in Table 1: Table 1. Beneficial Uses for Inland Surface Waters Hydrologic Unit Code 904.51 c3 + & < • -oJ3 O2OH O JS<fl£1 o£ • <NO<uPi • "o 3 a £ • 2"oU 2i• 2ISC*D-t/5 + Exempted by the Regional Board from the municipal used designation. • Existing Beneficial Use 2.1.2 Groundwater Groundwater beneficial uses for the El Salto Hydrologic Subarea are shown in Table 2: Table 2. Beneficial Uses for Groundwater Hydrologic Unit Code 904.51 c3s o _ < o •o o 8£ 4= UH ^O Potential Beneficial Use 3.0 POLLUTANTS AND CONDITIONS OF CONCERN 3.1 Pollutants from Project Area The project is located within the Batiquitos Hydrologic Subarea (904.51) of the San Marcos Hydrologic Area (904.50), which is within the Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit (904.00). The total drainage area of the hydrologic unit is approximately 210 square miles. Runoff from portions of the hydrologic subarea ultimately drains to Batiquitos Lagoon, which is south of the project site. All of the project runoff will ultimately enter Batiquitos Lagoon. The project site represents less than one percent of the overall watershed. The following table lists pollutants of concern that are anticipated or can potentially exist at proposed priority development project sites. The pollutants are from the city of Carlsbad's SUSMP. The project falls within the detached residential development and streets, highways & freeways priority project categories (highlighted yellow in the table). All of the listed pollutants are either anticipated or can potentially exist at the developed site. Table 3. Priority Project Pollutants Priority Project Categories Detached Residential Development Attached Residential Development Commercial Development > one acre Heavy Industry Automotive Repair Shops Restaurants Hillside Development >5,000 ft2 Parking Lots Retail Gasoline Outlets Streets, Highways & Freeways Sediments X X pdi X X p(I) X Nutrients X X p(0 X pin p(l) Heavy Metals X X X X X X Organic Compounds p(2) X X(4X5) X X(4) Trash & Debris X X X X X X X X X X Oxygen Demanding Substances X pd) p(5) X X X p(l) X p(5) Oil & Grease X pO) X X X X X X X X Bacteria & Viruses X P p(3) X X Pesticides X X p<5) p(D X pdi p(i) X = Anticipated P = Potential (1) A potential pollutant if landscaping exists on-site (2) A potential pollutant if the project includes uncovered parking areas (3) A potential pollutant if land use involves food or animal waste products (4) Including petroleum hydrocarbons (5) Including solvents 3.2 Pollutants of Concern in Receiving Waters According to the 2008 303(d) list approved by the State Water Resources Control Board (and by the US EPA in November 2010), the receiving water body closest to the project vicinity, Batiquitos Lagoon, is not 303(d) listed and is not subject to total maximum daily loads (TMDLs). Therefore, the project does not generate pollutants of concern in the receiving waters. 4.0 PERMANENT STORM WATER BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES To address water quality for the project, best management practices (BMPs) will be implemented. The following discusses the Standard Site Design, Source Control, and Low Impact Development design BMPs for the project. 4.1 Standard Site Design BMPs The City of Carlsbad's standard objectives are required for all projects. The project will accomplish these goals through the following BMPs, which are from the Carlsbad SUSMP: Standard Stormwater Requirements Minimize Impervious Surfaces. The project will include pervious surfaces (landscaping within the development area and no disturbance along the southwesterly portion of the site, which is over 48 percent of the site). Disconnect Discharges. Roof drains will discharge to adjacent landscape areas, where feasible. Most of the proposed sidewalks are being designed with a landscaped parkway between the sidewalks and curbs to allow runoff to drain over adjacent landscape areas. Conserve Natural Areas. The southern portion of the site, which covers over 48 percent of the site including a natural hillside, will not be disturbed. The development is being clustered along the northeasterly portion of the site. Stenciling Inlets and Signage. The curb inlets along the main drive will be stenciled with prohibitive language such as "No Dumping -1 live downstream" or approved similar. Landscape Design. A landscape plan will be prepared that uses drought-tolerant species in accordance with the City's landscape manual. Native trees and shrubs will be preserved over the majority of the parcel in order to maximize canopy interception and promote water conservation. The project will only use water as needed to support the landscaping. Water Efficient Irrigation. The irrigation systems will be designed to each landscaped areas water requirements to avoid over irrigation. Rain shutoff devices will be used to prevent irrigation after rain events. Protect Slopes And Channels. The grading design does not include large slopes or channels. The design will prevent runoff from flowing uncontrolled over the tops of manufactured slopes. The proposed slopes will be landscaped. Riprap energy dissipaters will be used at storm drain outfalls. Vegetate slopes with native or drought tolerant vegetation. Native and drought tolerant vegetation will be used to the extent allowed by the resource agencies. Trash Receptacles. Each residence will have personal, covered trash receptacles. Material Storage Areas. The project does not propose outdoor material storage areas. Any required material storage shall be kept under cover. 4.2 Source Control BMPs Source control BMPs will consist of measures to prevent polluted runoff. The following addresses the source control BMPs from Appendix 1 of the Carlsbad SUSMP: Table 4. Pollutant Sources and Source Control Checklist Potential Source of Runoff Pollutants Permanent Source Control BMPs Operational Source Control BMPs On-site storm drain inlets Mark all inlets with "No Dumping -1 live downstream" Maintain and periodically repaint inlet markings Provide stormwater pollution information to owners, lessees, and operators (Fact sheet SC- 44 from the CASQA Stormwater Quality Handbook at www.cabmphandbooks.com) Owner/lessee agreements shall state "Tenant shall not allow anyone to discharge anything to storm drains or to store or deposit materials so as to create a potential discharge to storm drains. Need for future indoor & structural pest control Buildings shall be designed to avoid openings that would encourage entry of pests. Integrated Pest Management (e.g., the EPA's Citizen's Guide to Pest Control and Pesticide Safety) information shall be provided to owners, lessees, and operators. Landscape/Outdoor Pesticide Use Final landscape plans will accomplish all of the following. • Preserve existing native trees, shrubs, and ground cover to the maximum extent possible. • Design landscaping to minimize irrigation and runoff, to promote surface infiltration where appropriate, and to minimize the use of fertilizers and pesticides that can contribute to stormwater pollution. • Where landscaped areas can Maintain landscaping using minimum or no pesticides. See applicable operational BMPs in Fact Sheet SC-41, "Building and Grounds Maintenance," and TC- 30, "Vegetated Swale," in the CASQA Stormwater Quality Handbooks at www.cabmphandbooks.com Integrated Pest Management (e.g., the EPA's Citizen's Guide to Pest Control and Pesticide Safety) information shall be provided to owners, lessees, and operators. retain or detain stormwater, specify plants that are tolerant of saturated soil conditions. 1 Consider using pest-resistant plants, especially adjacent to hardscape. 1 To ensure successful establishment, select plants appropriate to site soils, slopes, climate, sun, wind, rain, land use, air movement, ecological consistency, and plant interactions Vehicle and equipment cleaning The CC&Rs will prohibit car washing at the site. The HO A will be responsible for enforcing this requirement. Vehicle/Equipment Repair and Maintenance The CC&Rs will prohibit repair and maintenance activities in areas exposed to precipitation and storm flows. The HOA will be responsible for enforcing this requirement. Roofing, gutters, and trim The architectural design will avoid roofing, gutters, and trim made of copper or other unprotected metals that may leach into runoff. Plazas, sidewalks, and parking lots. Plazas, sidewalks, and parking lots shall be swept regularly to prevent the accumulation of litter and debris. Debris from pressure washing shall be collected to prevent entry into the storm drain system. Wash water containing any cleaning agent or degreaser shall be collected and discharged to the sanitary sewer and not discharged to a storm drain. 4.3 Low Impact Development Site Design BMPs The preliminary SWMP by Hunsaker and Associates approved during the entitlement process was based on the regulations at the time of preparation in July 2009. Since then, the City of Carlsbad updated the SUSMP in March 24, 2010 and January 14, 2011. For final engineering design, the Low Impact Development (LID) BMPs have been updated and sized to meet the January 14, 2011 LID requirements. The integrated LID outlines four strategies: 1. Optimize the site layout by preserving natural drainage features and designing buildings and circulation to minimize the amount of roofs and paving. 2. Use pervious surfaces such as turf, gravel, or pervious pavement—or use surfaces that retain rainfall. All drainage from these surfaces is considered to be "self-retained". 3. Disperse runoff from impervious surfaces on to adjacent pervious surfaces (e.g., direct a roof downspout to disperse runoff onto a lawn). 4. Drain impervious surfaces to engineered Integrated Management Practices (IMPs), such as bioretention facilities, planter boxes, cisterns, or dry wells. IMPs infiltrate runoff to groundwater and/or percolate runoff through engineered soil and allow it to drain away slowly. The project design is in compliance with these strategies. The site layout has been designed to preserve over 48 percent of the lot in open space including the majority of the natural, undisturbed portions of the site. Shared driveways will provide access to many of the units and the on-site streets are being designed with minimal widths. Runoff from the roofs will flow towards pervious landscape areas, where possible. Bioretention basins will also be used to treat the on-site runoff and to meet hydromodification requirements (discussed in next section). Bioretention basins provide high to medium removal effectiveness for the pollutants generated by the project, which are listed in Table 3. The bioretention basins were sized using County of San Diego's BMP Sizing Calculator. The bioretention basins will have an impervious liner so they were sized using the flow-through planter criteria, which has a slightly higher sizing factor. Other than this, the ponding depths and material layers are the same between a bioretention basin and flow- through planter. The development site was divided into the following drainage management areas (see DMA exhibit): • Paving (streets, driveways) • Sidewalks • Roofs • Drainage ditch (concrete) • Landscape areas Bioretention will be provided for the narrow strip of improvements along Black Rail Road. The improvements include a small amount of paving as well as curb, gutter, and sidewalk. The runoff from these areas will be captured by a 3-inch PVC pipe in the curb face, then conveyed by the pipe to the southerly-most on-site bioretention basin. The basin was sized for the both the tributary on-site runoff and the off-site runoff from Black Rail Road. 4.4 Hydromodification The January 14, 2011 SUSMP requires hydromodification (flow control) for priority development projects to ensure that post-development peak flows do not exceed pre- development peak flows. Muroya is a priority development project and must meet the hydromodification requirement. This can be accomplished by sizing bioretention facilities using the County of San Diego's online BMP Sizing Calculator (Calculator). The Calculator was used for this project. The proposed project will have two major drainage areas. One area flows towards the northwest and one flows towards the south. Consequently, a bioretention basin will be included at the northwest in the same vicinity as the basin shown on the tentative map. The outflow from this basin will enter the storm drain system near the northwest corner of the site in Nightshade Road. Another series of interconnected bio-retention basins will be included at the south. This will include a deeper basin in the same vicinity as the basin shown on the tentative map as well as shallower basins on either side of the south end of private street C. The outflow from these basins will outfall towards the west and ultimately enter an existing storm drain system near the westerly property line. The data entry into the Calculator was as follows. The site is within the Oceanside rainfall basin and contains soil group D. The area tributary to the northwest basin has slopes ranging up to 20 to 40 percent, which are classified as steep slopes. The area tributary to the southerly basins has slopes in the 5 to 8 percent range, which are classified as moderate slopes. The receiving water characteristics were entered based on a detailed site investigation of the areas. The mean annual precipitation is 12.5 inches. The drainage management areas were divided into roofs, landscaping, sidewalks, paving, and ditches. An analysis was performed based on the Southern California Coastal Water Research Project's (SCCWRP) hydromodification screening tool (see Appendix B). The analysis shows that the downstream receiving channels meet the low (O.SCh) threshold. Appendix A contains the DMA exhibit and Calculator results. Since the bioretention basins will contain an impervious liner, they were modeled as a flow-through planter. The Calculator provides the surface area sizing, surface volume sizing, and subsurface volume sizing, which are summarized in Table 5. The bio-retention basins will be sized based on these results. Besides the larger sizing, the ponding depths and material layers are the same between a bioretention basin and flow through planter. Table 5. Summary of Bioretention Sizing Bioretention Basin1 Northwest Basin Southerly Basins Surface Area, sf 5,856 4,516 Surface Volume, cf 4,884 3,761 Subsurface Volume, cf 3,514 2,709 Sized based on flow-through planter option. 10 5.0 STORM WATER BMP MAINTENANCE The developer will be responsible for funding and implementing the operations and maintenance of the project BMPs. Provisions will be made to transfer operations and maintenance to the new owner in the event of a change in ownership. The homeowner's association will ultimately be responsible for ongoing operations and maintenance. The following describes the specific BMP maintenance. Bioretention basins The drainage outlet from the basins shall be inspected monthly and after large storm events. Debris, sediment, and other obstructions shall be removed immediately from the outlet. The habitat shall also be inspected annually and replanted as needed to maintain an adequate cover. Landscaping and Vegetated Swales Maintenance will be performed by landscaping personnel. The vegetation will be maintained and inspected on a monthly basis by landscape maintenance staff and will be replaced or replanted, as necessary, to maintain a dense, healthy cover. The vegetation will also be inspected after major storm events. Maintenance shall include periodic mowing, weed control, irrigation, reseeding/replanting of bare areas, and clearing of debris. A design grass height of 6 inches is recommended. Grass clippings shall not be left in grass swales. The private drainage system will shall be kept clear of debris and inspect prior to and during the rainy season to ensure it is free-flowing. Efficient Irrigation The landscaping personnel shall inspect and maintain the irrigation system on a regular basis. This will occur during the routine maintenance activities. All valves, heads, shutoff devices, lines, etc. shall be kept in a properly functioning condition. Any defective parts shall be replaced immediately. The irrigation system shall be adjusted to prevent excessive runoff from landscape areas. The irrigation schedule shall be adjusted based on seasonal needs. Inlet Stenciling Any stenciling shall be inspected at the beginning and end of each rainy season and repaired or replaced, as needed. Hazardous Wastes Suspected hazardous wastes will be analyzed to determine disposal options. Hazardous materials are not expected to be generated on-site; however, if discovered, hazardous materials will be handled and disposed of according to local, state, and federal regulations. A solid or liquid waste is considered a hazardous waste if it exceeds the criteria listed in the California Code of Federal Regulations, Title 22, Article 11 (State of California, 1985). 6.0 SUMMARY/CONCLUSIONS This final SWMP has been prepared in accordance with the City of Carlsbad's January 14, 2011, Standard Urban Storm Water Management Plan, and has evaluated and addressed potential pollutants associated with the Muroya project and its effects on water quality. This 11 SWMP has been based on the final engineering plans. A summary of the facts and findings associated with the project and the measures addressed by this SWMP are as follows: • The beneficial uses for the receiving waters have been identified. BMPs will be used to protect the beneficial uses as outlined by the SUSMP. • The project will not significantly alter drainage patterns and will meet hydromodification requirements. • A Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan for construction activities has been prepared to address construction-related water quality objectives. • Permanent BMPs will be incorporated into the project design in the form of site design, source control, and LID treatment control. • The proposed BMPs address mitigation measures to protect water quality and beneficial uses to the maximum extent practicable. 7.0 CERTIFICATION The selection, sizing, and preliminary design of stormwater treatment and other control measures in this plan meet the requirements of Regional Water Quality Control Board Order R9-2007-0001 and subsequent amendments. July 14,2011 Wayne W. Chang, RCE 46548 Date 12 CITY OF CARLSBAD STORM WATER STANDARDS QUESTIONNAIRE E-34 Development Services Land Development Engineering 1635 Faraday Avenue 760-602-2750 www.carlsbadca.gov To address post-development pollutants that may be generated from development projects, the City requires that new development and significant redevelopment priority projects incorporate Permanent Storm Water Best Management Practices (BMP's) into the project design per the City's Standard Urban Stormwater Management Plan (SUSMP). To view the SUSMP, refer to the Engineering Standards (Volume 4, Chapter 2) at www.carlsbadca.gov/standards. Initially this questionnaire must be completed by the applicant in advance of submitting for a development application (subdivision, discretionary permits and/or construction permits). The results of the questionnaire determine the level of storm water standards that must be applied to a proposed development or redevelopment project. Depending on the outcome, your project will either be subject to 'Standard Stormwater Requirements' or be subject to additional criteria called 'Priority Development Project Requirements'. Many aspects of project site design are dependent upon the storm water standards applied to a project. Your responses to the questionnaire represent an initial assessment of the proposed project conditions and impacts. City staff has responsibility for making the final assessment after submission of the development application. If staff determines that the questionnaire was incorrectly filled out and is subject to more stringent storm water standards than initially assessed by you, this will result in the return of the development application as incomplete. In this case, please make the changes to the questionnaire and resubmit to the City. If you are unsure about the meaning of a question or need help in determining how to respond to one or more of the questions, please seek assistance from Land Development Engineering staff. A separate completed and signed questionnaire must be submitted for each new development application submission. Only one completed and signed questionnaire is required when multiple development applications for the same project are submitted concurrently. In addition to this questionnaire, you must also complete, sign and submit a Project Threat Assessment Form with construction permits for the project. Please start by completing Section 1 and follow the instructions. When completed, sign the form at the end and submit this with your application to the city. Does your project meet one or more of the following criteria: 1. Housing subdivisions of 10 or more dwelling units. Examples: sinqle family homes, multi-family homes. condominium and apartments 2. Commercial - greater than 1-acre. Any development other than heavy industry or residential. Examples: hospitals; laboratories and other medical facilities; educational institutions; recreational facilities; municipal facilities; commercial nurseries; multi-apartment buildings; car wash facilities; mini-malls and other business complexes; shopping malls; hotels; office buildings; public warehouses; automotive dealerships; airfields; and other light industrial facilities. 3. Heavy Industrial / Industry- areater than 1 acre. Examples: manufacturing plants, food processing plants, metal working facilities, printing plants, and fleet storage areas (bus, truck, etc.). 4. Automotive repair shoo. A facility categorized in any one of Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes 5013, 5014, 5541, 7532-7534, and 7536-7539 5. Restaurants. Any facility that sells prepared foods and drinks for consumption, including stationary lunch counters and refreshment stands selling prepared foods and drinks for immediate consumption (SIC code 5812), where the land area for development is greater than 5,000 square feet. Restaurants where land development is less than 5,000 square feet shall meet all SUSMP requirements except for structural treatment BMP and numeric sizing criteria requirements and hydromodification requirements. YES X NO X X X X E-34 Page 1 of 3 REV 1/14/11 CARLSBAD CITY OF STORM WATER STANDARDS QUESTIONNAIRE E-34 Development Services Land Development Engineering 1635 Faraday Avenue 760-602-2750 www.carlsbadca.gov 6. Hillside development. Any development that creates more than 5,000 square feet of impervious surface and is located in an area with known erosive soil conditions, where the development will grade on any natural slope that is twenty-five percent (25%) or greater. x Environmentally Sensitive Area (ESA)1. All development located within or directly adjacent2 to or discharging directly3 to an ESA (where discharges from the development or redevelopment will enter receiving waters within the ESA), which either creates 2,500 square feet or more of impervious surface on a proposed project site or increases the area of imperviousness of a proposed project site 10% or more of its naturally occurring condition. X 8. Parking lot. Area of 5,000 square feet or more, or with 15 or more parking spaces, and potentially exposed to urban runoff X 9. Streets, roads, highways, and freeways. Any paved surface that is 5,000 square feet or greater used for the transportation of automobiles, trucks, motorcycles, and other vehicles X 10. Retail Gasoline Outlets. Serving more than 100 vehicles per day and greater than 5,000 square feet 11. Coastal Development Zone. Any project located within 200 feet of the Pacific Ocean and (1) creates more than 2500 square feet of impervious surface or (2) increases impervious surface on property by more than 10%. 12. More than 1-acre of disturbance. Project results in the disturbance of 1-acre or more of land and is considered a Pollutant-generating Development Project4. 1 Environmentally Sensitive Areas include but are not limited to all Clean Water Act Section 303(d) impaired water bodies; areas designated as Areas of Special Biological Significance by the State Water Resources Control Board (Water Quality Control Plan for the San Diego Basin (1994) and amendments); water bodies designated with the RARE beneficial use by the State Water Resources Control Board (Water Quality Control Plan for the San Diego Basin (1994) and amendments); areas designated as preserves or their equivalent under the Multi Species Conservation Program within the Cities and County of San Diego; and any other equivalent environmentally sensitive areas which have been identified by the Copermittees. 2 "Directly adjacent" means situated within 200 feet of the Environmentally Sensitive Area. 3 "Discharging directly to" means outflow from a drainage conveyance system that is composed entirely of flows from the subject development or redevelopment site, and not commingled with flow from adjacent lands. 4 Pollutant-generating Development Projects are those projects that generate pollutants at levels greater than background levels. In general, these include all projects that contribute to an exceedance to an impaired water body or which create new impervious surfaces greater than 5000 square feet and/or introduce new landscaping areas that require routine use of fertilizers and pesticides. In most cases linear pathway projects that are for infrequent vehicle use, such as emergency or maintenance access, or for pedestrian or bicycle use, are not considered Pollutant-generating Development Projects if they are built with pervious surfaces or if they sheet flow to surrounding pervious surfaces. INSTRUCTIONS: Section 1 Results: If you answered YES to ANY of the questions above, your project is subject to Priority Development Project requirements. Skip Section 2 and please proceed to Section 3. Check the "meets PRIORITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECT requirements" box in Section 3. Additional storm water requirements will apply per the SUSMP. If you answered NO to ALL of the questions above, then please proceed to Section 2 and follow the instructions. E-34 Page 2 of 3 REV 1/14/11 <« CITY OF CARLSBAD STORM WATER STANDARDS QUESTIONNAIRE E-34 Development Services Land Development Engineering 1635 Faraday Avenue 760-602-2750 www.carlsbadca.gov INSTRUCTIONS: Complete the questions below regarding your project YES NO 1. Project results in the disturbance of 1 -acre or more of land and is considered a Pollutant-generating Development Project *? INSTRUCTIONS: If you answered NO, please proceed to question 2. If you answered YES, then you ARE a significant redevelopment and you ARE subject to PRIORITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECT requirements. Please check the "meets PRIORITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECT requirements" box in Section 3 below. 2. Is the project redeveloping an existing priority project type? (Priority projects are defined in Section 1) INSTRUCTIONS: If you answered YES, please proceed to question 3. If you answered NO, then you ARE NOT a significant redevelopment and your project is subject to STANDARD STORMWATER REQUIREMENTS. Please check the "does not meet PDP requirements" box in Section 3 below. 3. Is the work limited to trenching and resurfacing associated with utility work; resurfacing and reconfiguring surface parking lots and existing roadways; new sidewalk; bike lane on existing road and/or routine maintenance of damaged pavement such as pothole repair? Resurfacing/reconfiguring parking lots is where the work does not expose underlying soil during construction. INSTRUCTIONS: If you answered NO, then proceed to question 4. If you answered YES, then you ARE NOT a significant redevelopment and your project is subject to STANDARD STORMWATER REQUIREMENTS. Please check the "does not meet PDP requirements" box in Section 3 below. 4. Will your redevelopment project create, replace, or add at least 5,000 square feet of impervious surfaces on existing developed property or will your project be located within 200 feet of the Pacific Ocean and (1) create 2500 square feet or more of impervious surface or (2) increases impervious surface on the property by more than 10%? Replacement of existing impervious surfaces includes any activity that is not part of routine maintenance where impervious material(s) are removed, exposing underlying soil during construction. INSTRUCTIONS: If you answered YES, you ARE a significant redevelopment, and you ARE subject to PRIORITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECT requirements. Please check the "meets PRIORITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECT requirements" box in Section 3 below. Review SUSMP to find out if SUSMP requirements apply to your project envelope or the entire project site. If you answered NO, then you ARE NOT a significant redevelopment and your project is subject to STANDARD STORMWATER REQUIREMENTS. Please check the "does not meet PDP requirements" box in Section 3 below. *for definition see Footnote 4 on page 2 My project meets PRIORITY DEVELOPMENT PROJECT (PDP) requirements and must comply with additional stormwater criteria per the SUSMP and I understand I must prepare a Storm Water Management Plan for submittal at time of application. I understand flow control (hydromodification) requirements may apply to my project. Refer to SUSMP for details. My project does not meet PDP requirements and must only comply with STANDARD STORMWATER REQUIREMENTS per the SUSMP. As part of these requirements, I will incorporate low impact development strategies throughout my project. Applicant Information and Signature Box This Box for City Use Only Address: West of B,ack Rgi| Rd at Songbird Avenue Applicant Name: Wayne W. Chang Apnlfca/ft Signature: /]rmrt C*-?,- Assessor's Parcel Number(s): 214-040-03 Applicant Title: Principal Date: July 14, 2011 City Concurrence:YES NO By: Date: Project ID: E-34 Page 3 of 3 REV 1/14/11 D SITE MAP C.T. NO. 06-27, MUROYA 0 50 100 1 INCH = 100 FEET r!y APPENDIX A APPENDIX A LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT AND HYDROMODIFICATION ANALYSES SUMMARY The SUSMP requires that Drainage Management Areas (DMA) be delineated for various surface types. DMAs were determined for roofs, landscaping, sidewalks, paving, and a concrete drainage ditch. These are shown on the DMA Exhibit in this appendix. The attached table summarizes the DMAs to each of the bioretention basin areas. The bioretention basins have been sized using the BMP Sizing Calculator. Since the basins will have an impervious lining, the flow-through planter option was used. This will result in larger storage requirements than the bioretention option. The ponding depth and subsurface growing medium and gravel layer are the same between a flow-through planter and bioretention basin. The calculator results are attached and summarized below. Bioretention Basin1 Northwest Basin Southerly Basins Surface Area, sf 5,856 4,516 Surface Volume, cf 4,884 3,761 Subsurface Volume, cf 3,514 2,709 >ized based on flow-through planter option. Table 1. Summary of Bio-retention Sizing The southerly basins have been sized to treat the additional off-site development area along Black Rail Road (curb, gutter, sidewalk, and transition paving). A 3-inch PVC pipe will be installed in the curb to direct low flow to the southerly bioretention area. An analysis was performed to determine the water quality flow rate that needs to be conveyed by the 3-inch PVC pipe. The water quality flow rate is based on the rational method equation, and determined by multiplying the runoff coefficient, rainfall intensity (0.2 inches per hour for water quality), and tributary area or: Q=CIA where Q is the water quality flow rate, cfs C is the runoff coefficient = 0.87 for impervious areas I is the rainfall intensity = 0.2 inches per hour A is the tributary area = 0.21 acres of development along Black Rail Road Based on the equation, the water quality flow rate from the proposed off-site development area is 0.04 cubic feet per second (0.87X0.2x0.21 = 0.04). A normal depth analysis was performed and attached, which shows that a single 3-inch PVC pipe at a 1 percent slope can convey 0.1 cfs, which is more than the water quality flow rate. Consequently, a 3-inch PVC pipe will be sufficient to convey the water quality runoff from Black Rail Road to the southerly bioretention area. i t i i i Project Summary Project Name Project Applicant Jurisdiction Parcel (APN) Hydrologic Unit Muroya Hydromodifcation Taylor Morrison City of Carlsbad 215-040-03 Carlsbad Compliance Basin Summary Basin Name: Receiving Water: Rainfall Basin Mean Annual Precipitation (inches) Project Basin Area (acres): Watershed Area (acres): SCCWRP Lateral Channel Susceptiblity (H, M, L): SCCWRP Vertifical Channel Susceptiblity (H, M, L): Overall Channel Susceptibility (H, M, L): Lower Flow Threshold (% of 2-Year Flow): North Drainage Area Night Shade Rd Storm Drain Oceanside 12.5 4.74 26.47 Low (Lateral) Low (Vertical) LOW 0.5 Drainage Management Area Summary ID 5807 5808 5809 5811 5812 Type Drains to LID Drains to LID Drains to LID Drains to LID Drains to LID BMP ID BMP 1 BMP1 BMP1 BMP1 BMP1 Description Roofs Streets and Driveways Sidewalks Drainage Ditch Landscaping Area (ac) 1.3 0.9 0.1 0.0 2.2 Pre-Project Cover Pervious (Pre) Pervious (Pre) Pervious (Pre) Pervious (Pre) Pervious (Pre) Post Surface Type Roofs Concrete or asphalt Concrete or asphalt Concrete or asphalt Landscaping Drainage Soil Type D (high runoff - clay soi... Type D (high runoff - clay soi... Type D (high runoff - clay soi... Type D (high runoff - clay soi... Type D (high runoff - clay soi... Slope Steep (greater 10%) Steep (greater 10%) Steep (greater 10%) Steep (greater 10%) Steep (greater 10%) LID Facility Summary BMP ID BMP1 Type Flow-Through Planter Description North - Flow Through Planter Plan Area (sqft) 5856 Volume 1(cft) 4884 Volume 2(cft) 3514 Orifice Flow (cfs) 0.580 Orifice Size (inch) 4.00 f i I i I I Project Summary Project Name Project Applicant Jurisdiction Parcel (APN) Hydrologic Unit Muroya Hydromodification Taylor Morrison City of Carlsbad 215-040-03 Carlsbad Compliance Basin Summary Basin Name: Receiving Water: Rainfall Basin Mean Annual Precipitation (inches) Project Basin Area (acres): Watershed Area (acres): SCCWRP Lateral Channel Susceptiblity (H, M, L): SCCWRP Vertifical Channel Susceptiblity (H, M, L): Overall Channel Susceptibility (H, M, L): Lower Flow Threshold (% of 2-Year Flow): South Drainage Area Southerly Discharge Location Oceanside 12.5 2.66 6.78 Low (Lateral) Low (Vertical) LOW 0.5 Drainage Management Area Summary ID 8219 8220 8221 8222 Type Drains to LID Drains to LID Drains to LID Drains to LID BMP ID BMP1 BMP1 BMP 1 BMP1 Description Roofs Streets and Driveways Sidewalks Landscaping Area (ac) 0.5 0.6 0.2 1.3 Pre-Project Cover Pervious (Pre) Pervious (Pre) Pervious (Pre) Pervious (Pre) Post Surface Type Roofs Concrete or asphalt Concrete or asphalt Landscaping Drainage Soil Type D (high runoff - clay soi... Type D (high runoff - clay soi... Type D (high runoff - clay soi... Type D (high runoff - clay soi... Slope Moderate (5 -10%) Moderate (5 -10%) Moderate (5 -10%) Moderate (5- 10%) LID Facility Summary BMP ID BMP1 Type Flow-Through Planter Description South - Bioretention Basin Plan Area (sqft) 4516 Volume 1 (eft) 3761 Volume 2(cft) 2709 Orifice Flow (cfs) 0.281 Orifice Size (inch) 3.00 fill I i I i HYDROMODIFICATION (DMA Summary) Bio-Retention Basin 1 (North) DMA Name Roofs Streets and driveways Sidewalks Ditch Landscape Total Area, sf 57,972 42,496 4,759 1,592 99,565 206,384 Area, ac I 1.33 0.98 0.11 0.04 2.29 4.74 Runoff F 1.0 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.1 Runoff Factor Area x Runoff Factor, sf 57,972 42,496 4,759 1,592 9,957 116,776 2 (South) Roofs Streets and driveways Sidewalks Landscape Total 23,457 26,357 8,736 57,246 115,796 0.54 0.61 0.20 1.31 2.66 1.0 1.0 1.0 0.1 23,457 26,357 8,736 5,725 64,275 Note: The BMP Sizing Calculator truncates the area to the tenth, For instance, an entry of 0.98 is shown as 0.9 in the Calculator output GRAPHIC SCALE 0 50 100 BLACK RAH ROAD*1 INCH = 100 FEET DRAINAGE MANAGEMENT AREA EXHIBIT PROPOSED CONDITION DRAINAGE BASIN BOUNDARY 2.44 AC DRAINAGE BASIN AREA BIORETENTION BASIN INFILTRATION TRENCH ROOFS PAVING (STREETS AND DRIVEWAYS) SIDEWALK CONCRETE DRAINAGE DITCH LANDSCAPING—i NOTE: THE NORTHWESTERLY BIORETENTION BASIN HAS A SURFACE AREA OF OVER 6,080 SF AND THE SOUTHERLY HAS A SURFACE AREA OF 4,960 SF. A PVC PIPE WILL BE USED TO DIRECT FLOW FROM THE GUTTER IN BLACK RAIL ROAD TO THE SOUTHERLY BIORETENTION BASIN. THE SOUTHERLY BIORETENTION BASIN HAS BEEN SIZED TO TREAT THIS OFF-SITE FLOW ALONG BLACK RAIL ROAD AND THE TRIBUTARY ON-SITE FLOW. Worksheet for 3" PVC at Black Rail Project Description Friction Method Solve For Input Data Roughness Coefficient Channel Slope Diameter Discharge Results Normal Depth Flow Area Wetted Perimeter Hydraulic Radius Top Width Critical Depth Percent Full Critical Slope Velocity Velocity Head Specific Energy Froude Number Maximum Discharge Discharge Full Slope Full Flow Type GVF Input Data Downstream Depth Length Number Of Steps GVF Output Data Upstream Depth Profile Description Profile Headloss Average End Depth Over Rise Normal Depth Over Rise Downstream Velocity Manning Formula Normal Depth SubCritical 0.011 0.01000 ft/ft 0.25 ft 0.10 fp/s 0.20 ft 0.04 ft2 0.54 ft 0.08 ft 0.21 ft 0.19 ft 78.5 % 0.01052 ft/ft 2.42 ft/s 0.09 ft 0.29 ft 0.95 0.11 ft3/s 0.10 ft3/s 0.00917 ft/ft 0.00 ft 0.00 ft 0 0.00 ft 0.00 ft 0.00 % 78.47 % Infinity ft/s 6/7/2011 10:17:56 PM Bentley Systems, Inc. Haestad Methods SaBdntte£EhluMaster V8i (SELECTseries 1) [08.11.01.03] 27 Siemens Company Drive Suite 200 W Watertown, CT 06795 USA +1-203-755-1666 Page 1of 2 APPENDIX B APPENDIX B SCCWRP CHANNEL SCREENING ANALYSIS INTRODUCTION The City of Carlsbad's January 14, 2011, Standard Urban Storm Water Management Plan (SUSMP) outlines low flow thresholds for hydromodification analyses. The thresholds are based on a percentage of the pre-project 2-year flow (Ch), i.e., O.lQa (low), 0.3Q2 (medium), or O.SQi (high). A threshold of 0.1 Ch represents a downstream receiving conveyance system with a high susceptibility to erosion. This is the default value used for hydromodification analyses and will result in the most conservative (greatest) on-site facility sizing. A threshold of 0.3Q2 or O.SCh represents downstream receiving conveyance systems with a medium or low susceptibility to erosion, respectively. In order to qualify for a medium or low susceptibility threshold, a project must perform a channel screening analysis based on a "hydromodification screening tool" procedure developed by the Southern California Coastal Water Research Project (SCCWRP). The SCCWRP results are compared with the critical shear stress calculator results from the County of San Diego's BMP Sizing Calculator to establish the appropriate susceptibility threshold of low, medium, or high. The SCCWRP screening tool requires both office and field work to establish the vertical and lateral susceptibility of a downstream receiving channel to erosion. The vertical and lateral assessments are performed independently of each other although the lateral results can be affected by the vertical rating. The Muroya project discharges to two downstream locations (see Figure 1). The screening was performed to assess the natural channel at both locations, which are referred to as the North Screening Area (NSA) and South Screening Area (SSA). The on-site runoff reaches the NSA as follows. Storm runoff from the northerly portion of the project is collected by an existing 24-inch RCP storm drain system (Drawing No. 387-1 A) within Nightshade Readjust beyond the northwest corner of the site. This storm drain system continues north to northwest along Nightshade Road then discharges into the NSA natural canyon approximately 500 feet west of the site. Runoff in the canyon flows approximately 600 feet west to the bottom of the NSA where it is collected by a 48-inch RCP (Drawing No. 322-2A). This storm drain system continues several thousand feet in Alga Road, Kestrel Drive, and Rockrose Terrace then ultimately discharges into the Aviara golf course before entering Batiquitos Lagoon. The on-site runoff reaches the SSA as follows. Storm runoff from the southerly portion of the project discharges from the proposed bioretention basin at the southwest corner to the upper end of the SSA natural canyon. Runoff in the canyon flows approximately 500 feet westerly to the bottom of the SSA where it is collected by a 36-inch RCP (Drawing No. 322-2A). This storm drain system continues over 600 feet to the south then discharges into the Aviara golf course before entering Batiquitos Lagoon. The initial step in performing the SCCWRP screening analysis is to establish the domain of analysis. This is followed by office and field components of the screening tool along with the associated analyses and results. The following sections cover these procedures in sequence. DOMAIN OF ANALYSIS SCCWRP defines an upstream and downstream domain of analysis, which establishes the required study area. The downstream limit is defined when one of these is reached: • at least one reach downstream of the first grade-control point • tidal backwater/lentic waterbody • equal order tributary • accumulation of 50% drainage area for stream systems and 100 percent drainage area for urban conveyance systems. The upstream limit is defined as: • extend the domain upstream for a distance equal to 20 channel widths or to grade control in good condition - whichever comes first. Within that reach, identify hard points that could check headward migration, evidence that headcutting is active or could propagate unchecked upstream. NSA Downstream Domain of Analysis The downstream domain of analysis for the NSA has been determined according to the bullet items above. Storm runoff from the project discharges into the NSA at the outlet of the abovementioned 24-inch RCP storm drain. The first permanent grade control below the outlet is the existing 48-inch RCP (with headwall and concrete apron) at the bottom of the natural canyon (see Figure 2). Since the storm drain containing this RCP continues for several thousand feet, one reach downstream of the grade control will be within a non-erodible pipe. Therefore, the downstream domain of analysis based on the first bullet item will be the grade control created at the 48-inch RCP entrance. Since the grade control created by the 48-inch RCP is readily located, it was used to establish the downstream domain of analysis. This is also closer than the tidal backwater/lentic waterbody (Batiquitos Lagoon) and other bullet criteria, so it meets the criteria established by SCCWRP. NSA Upstream Domain of Analysis A concrete drainage ditch was constructed immediately upstream of the 24-inch RCP outlet into the NSA. The ditch is shown on Drawing No. 322-2A and verified during a field inspection. Headcutting has not occurred upstream of the outlet due to the presence of the non-erodible ditch. Therefore, the upstream domain of analysis is the 24-inch RCP outlet. SSA Downstream Domain of Analysis The downstream domain of analysis for the SSA has been determined according to the bullet items above. Storm runoff will outlet the southerly project area in the proposed 18-inch RCP storm drain from the proposed southerly bioretention basin. The first permanent grade control below the outlet is the existing 36-inch RCP (with headwall and concrete apron) at the bottom of the natural canyon (a photograph was not taken of this facility due to dense brush). The natural channel reach between the 18-inch RCP outlet and 36-inch RCP inlet is approximately 500 feet. Since the storm drain below the 36-inch RCP continues for approximately 800 feet (this is greater than the channel reach), one reach downstream of the grade control will be within a non- erodible pipe. Therefore, the downstream domain of analysis based on the first bullet item will be the grade control created at the 36-inch RCP entrance. m Since the grade control created by the 36-inch RCP is readily located, it was used to establish the downstream domain of analysis. This is also closer than the tidal backwater/lentic waterbody (Batiquitos Lagoon) and other bullet criteria, so it meets the criteria established by SCCWRP. SSA Upstream Domain of Analysis The area upstream of the proposed 18-inch RCP outlet will be a graded 2:1 fill slope with m landscaping. The only storm runoff on the slope will be from direct precipitation. Consequently, the slope is not anticipated to erode and the upstream domain of analysis for the SSA will be at m the 18-inch RCP outlet, i.e., the 18-inch RCP outlet establishes the headwater of the SSA. «• Summary of Domain of Analysis — The domain of analysis for the NSA is in the natural canyon northwest of the site, and extends ^ from the existing 24-inch RCP outlet down to the existing 48-inch inlet. The flow length covers approximately 615 feet (see Figure 1). The domain of analysis for the SSA is the natural canyon "*• from the southwest of the site, and extends from the proposed 18-inch RCP down to the existing 36-inch RCP. The flow length is approximately 509 feet. SCCWRP defines the maximum spatial "" unit (i.e., channel length) within the domain of analysis to be 200 meters (656 feet). If the <* domain of analysis is greater than 200 meters, the study reach must be subdivided into smaller units for study. The domain of analysis for the NSA and SSA are both less than 200 meters. "** Therefore, the NSA and SSA were each analyzed as a single reach. m INITIAL DESKTOP ANALYSIS After the domain of analysis is established, SCCWRP requires an "initial desktop analysis" that ~" involves office work. The initial desktop analysis establishes the watershed area, mean annual M precipitation, valley slope, and valley width. These terms are defined in Form 1 included in Attachment 1. SCCWRP recommends the use of National Elevation Data (NED) to determine the watershed area, valley slope, and valley width. A review of the NED for Carlsbad determined that it is equivalent to USGS quadrangle maps. The topographic resolution on USGS maps is low and typically on a 25-foot contour interval. For this report, the site topography and topography shown on adjacent as-built grading plans was used because the topography is at a much higher detail than NED. There is a small area in the NSA watershed with no available topographic mapping. A site visit was used to determine the watershed boundary in this area. Figure 1 shows the existing watershed area tributary to the NSA and SSA. The total watershed areas are 29.11 (0.046 square miles) and 6.78 acres (0.011 square miles), respectively. The mean annual precipitation is provided in the County of San Diego's BMP Sizing Calculator (see Appendix A) and is 12.5 inches. The NSA and SSA valley slopes were determined from the topographic mapping and are 0.048 and 0.159 (meters/meter or feet/feet), respectively. The „ valley width was estimated from the topographic mapping and site investigation. This is the portion of the valley that conveys the hydromodification flows. The NSA and SSA valley widths are approximately 20 feet (6.10 meters) and 10 feet (3.05 meters), respectively. These values were input to a spreadsheet to calculate the simulated peak flow, screening index, and valley width index in Form 1. The input data and results are included in Attachment 1. FIELD SCREENING After the initial desktop analysis is done, a field assessment must be performed. The field assessment is used to establish a natural channel's vertical and lateral susceptibility to erosion. SCCWRP states that although they are admittedly linked, vertical and lateral susceptibility are assessed separately for several reasons. First, vertical and lateral responses are primarily controlled by different types of resistance, which, when assessed separately, may improve ease of use and lead to increased repeatability compared to an integrated, cross-dimensional assessment. Second, the mechanistic differences between vertical and lateral responses point to different modeling tools and potentially-different management strategies. Having separate screening ratings may better direct users and managers to the most appropriate tools for subsequent analyses. The field screening tool uses combinations of decision trees and checklists. Decision trees are typically used when a question can be answered fairly definitively and/or quantitatively (e.g., dso < 16 mm). Checklists are used where answers are relatively qualitative (e.g., the condition of a grade control). Low, medium, high, and very high ratings are applied separately to the vertical and lateral analyses. When the vertical and lateral analyses return divergent values, the most conservative value shall be selected as the flow threshold for the hydromodification analyses. Visual observation of the NSA and SSA reveals densely vegetated, natural canyons (see Figures 3 to 6). The vegetative cover extends fairly uniformly across the canyon bottoms and sides. The cover was so dense that most areas in the NSA and SSA were very difficult to access by foot, and some areas were only possible to access if the vegetation was trimmed. Due to the dense cover and relatively low 10-year flows calculated through Form 1 (8.7 cfs for the NSA and 2.4 cfs for the SSA per Attachment 1), the vertical and lateral stability was anticipated to have a limited susceptibility to erosion. Vertical Stability The purpose of the vertical stability decision tree (Figure 2-4 in the City of Carlsbad SUSMP) is to assess the state of the channel bed with a particular focus on the risk of incision (i.e., down cutting). The decision tree is included in Figure 16. The first step is to assess the channel bed material. There are three categories defined as follows: 1. Labile Bed - sand-dominated bed, little resistant substrate. 2. Transitional/Intermediate Bed - bed typically characterized by gravel/small cobble, Intermediate level of resistance of the substrate and uncertain potential for armoring. 3. Threshold Bed (Coarse/Armored Bed) - armored with large cobbles or larger bed material or highly-resistant bed substrate (i.e., bedrock). Figures 7 through 10 shows photographs of the bed material for the NSA and SSA. A gravelometer is included in the photographs for reference. Each square on the gravelometer indicates grain size in millimeters (The squares range from 2 mm to 180 mm). Based on the photographs and site investigation, the bed material and resistance is generally within the transitional/intermediate bed category. There was no evidence of a threshold bed condition. Some bed areas contained smaller grain sizes found in a labile bed. Dr. Eric Stein from SCCWRP, who co-authored the Hydromodification Screening Tool in the Final Hydromodification Management Plan (HMP), indicated that it would be appropriate to analyze the channel as a transitional/intermediate bed. This requires the most rigorous steps and will generate the appropriate results for the size range. Transitional/intermediate beds cover a wide susceptibility/potential response range and need to be assessed in greater detail to develop a weight of evidence for the appropriate screening rating. The three primary risk factors used to assess vertical susceptibility for channels with transitional/intermediate bed materials are: 1. Armoring potential - three states (Checklist 1) 2. Grade control - three states (Checklist 2) 3. Proximity to regionally-calibrated incision/braiding threshold (Mobility Index Threshold - Probability Diagram) These three risk factors are assessed using checklists and a diagram (see Attachment 2), and are combined to provide a final vertical susceptibility rating for the intermediate/transitional bed- material group. Each checklist and diagram contains a Category A, B, or C rating. Category A is the most resistant to vertical changes while Category C is the most susceptible. Checklist 1 determines the armoring potential of the channel bed. The channel bed of the NSA and SSA fall in Category B, which represents intermediate bed material within unknown armoring potential due to a surface veneer and dense vegetation. The soil was probed with a shovel. Penetration was difficult through the underlying layer. Due to the dense vegetative growth, the armoring potential could have been rated higher, but Category B was conservatively (i.e., more potential for channel incision) chosen. Checklist 2 determines the grade control characteristics of the channel bed. Grade controls can be man-made such as the pipes, headwalls, and concrete aprons at the downstream end of the NSA and SSA. SCCWRP also states that grade controls can be natural. Examples are vegetation or confluences with a larger waterbody. As indicated above and verified with photographs, the NSA and SSA both contain dense vegetation (see Figures 11 through 14). The plant roots and fallen tree trunks serve as natural grade control. The spacing of these is much closer than the 50 meters identified in the checklist. Further evidence of the effectiveness of the natural grade controls is the absence of headcutting, mass wasting (large vertical erosion of a channel bank), or undercutting of existing drainage facilities. Based on this information, both the NSA and SSA are within Category A on Checklist 2. The Mobility Index Threshold is a probability diagram that depicts the risk of incising or braiding based on the potential stream power of the valley relative to the median particle diameter. The threshold is based on regional data from Dr. Howard Chang of Chang Consultants and others. The probability diagram is based on dso as well as the Screening Index determined in the initial desktop analysis (see Attachment 1). dso is derived from a pebble count in which a minimum of 100 particles are obtained along transects at the site. SCCRWP states that if fines less than ya-inch thick are at a sample point, it is appropriate to sample the coarser buried substrate. The dso value is the particle size in which 50 percent of the particles are smaller and 50 percent are larger. The pebble count results for the NSA and SSA are included in Attachment 2. The results show a dso of 16 millimeters for each area. The screening index for the NSA and SSA and included in Attachment 1. Plotting the dso and screening index values on the Mobility Index Threshold diagram shows that the NSA and SSA have a less than 50 percent probability of incising or braiding, which falls within Category A. The overall vertical rating is determined from Checklist 1, Checklist 2, and the Mobility Index Threshold. The scoring is based on the following values: Category A = -1, Category B = 0, Category C = 1 The vertical rating score is the sum of the armoring potential score, grade control score, and Mobility Index Threshold score (0 + -1 + -1 = -2). The combined score of-2 is considered a low threshold for vertical susceptibility. Lateral Stability The purpose of the lateral decision tree (Figure 2-5 from City of Carlsbad SUSMP is included in Figure 17) is to assess the state of the channel banks with a particular focus on the risk of widening. Channels can widen from either bank failure or through fluvial avulsions such as chute cutoffs and braiding. Widening through fluvial avulsions/active braiding is a relatively straightforward observation. If braiding is not already occurring, the next logical question is to assess the condition of the banks. Banks fail through a variety of mechanism; however, one of the most important distinctions is whether they fail in mass (as many particles) or by fluvial detachment of individual particles. Although much research is dedicated to the combined effects of weakening, fluvial erosion, and mass failure, SCCWRP found it valuable to segregate bank types based on the inference of the dominant failure mechanism (as the management approach may vary based on the dominant failure mechanism). A decision tree (Form 4 in Attachment 2) is used in conducting the lateral susceptibility assessment. Definitions and photographic examples are also provided below for terms used in the lateral susceptibility assessment. The first step in the decision tree is if lateral adjustments are occurring. The adjustments can take the form of extensive mass wasting (greater than 50 percent of the banks are exhibiting planar, slab, or rotational failures and/or scalloping, undermining, and/or tension cracks). The adjustments can also involve extensive fluvial erosion (significant and frequent bank cuts on over 50 percent of the banks). Neither mass wasting nor extensive fluvial erosion was evident at the NSA or SSA. The banks are intact (see Figures 3 through 6 and 15). Due to the dense vegetation in both areas, photographs representative of the banks were difficult to take. Nonetheless, the dense vegetation supports the absence of large lateral adjustments. The next step is to assess the consolidation of the bank material. The banks were moderate to well-consolidated. This determination was made because the banks were difficult to penetrate with a shovel. In addition, the banks showed limited evidence of crumbling and were composed of tightly-packed particles (see Figure 15). Form 6 (see Attachment 2) is used to assess the probability of mass wasting. Form 6 identifies a 10, 50, and 90 percent probability based on the bank angle and bank height. Hydromodification is based on flow rates up to the 10-year event. The 10-year flows calculated through Form lin Attachment 1 are 8.7 cfs for the NSA and 2.4 cfs for the SSA. The bank height associated with these flows will be small and certainly less than 5 feet. Even during the 100-year flow, the NSA and SSA tributary areas in Figure 1 indicate that the associated bank height will only be a few feet high. In addition, the topographic mapping and site visit reveals that the bank angles are primarily in the 40 degree or less range. Using these values in Form 6 yields a less than 10 percent risk of bank failure. The final step is based on the braiding risk determined from the Mobility Index Threshold in the vertical rating. The braiding risk for the NSA and SSA were both less than 50 percent per the Vertical Stability analysis above. From this, the lateral susceptibility rating is low (red circles are included on the Form 4 Decision Tree in Attachment 2 showing the decision path). CONCLUSION The SCCWRP channel screening tools were used to assess the downstream channel susceptibility. The assessment was made for both downstream receiving channels identified as the North Screening Area and South Screening Area. The assessment was performed based on office analyses and field work. The results indicate a low threshold for vertical and lateral susceptibilities. The HMP requires that these results be compared with the critical stress calculator results incorporated in the County of San Diego's BMP Sizing Calculator. The BMP Sizing Calculator results are included in Appendix A. The critical stress calculator in the Calculator also returned a low threshold. Therefore, the SCCWRP analyses and critical stress calculator demonstrate that the project can be designed assuming a low susceptibility, i.e., 0.5Q2. The SCCWRP results are consistent with the physical condition of the NSA and SSA. Both areas support dense vegetative growth. The growth is so dense that travel by foot was very difficult in most areas. Neither area has exhibited signs of extensive, ongoing erosion. Finally, the tributary area to each area is relatively small so the storm runoff will not be significant. ^^^^2^LZ.;"":XT*'.: \ * -':;.; a -rtSt :\s ••' . • ~£* t'/ J 'i V-.j.. '' •- "'S-ill1 5$ m- - «?! :!•]»- r^ \ '•" / *ps*«^r>^5%;r ^ "s" *n 4 -Vr.- - ^-tu^t • ^.-ty ]*r it- Cm i /ili, 1, — — "1V4JI a 1T-Eite-V^ f WH,a, - p-'J-M ^^"--w4,,m EXIST. 36" RCP GRAPHIC SCALE 0 100 200 LEGEND: 1 INCH = 200 FEET EXISTING WATERSHED BOUNDARY FLOW PATH WITHIN DOMAIN OF ANALYSIS NSA NORTH SCREENING AREA BSA SOUTH SCREENING AREA 6.78 AC WATERSHED AREA • PEBBLE COUNT LOCATION PHOTO LOCATION (MATCHES FIGURE NUMBERS FROM REPORT) FIGURE 1. SCCWRP EXHIBIT Figure 2. Existing 48-inch RCP, Headwall, and Concrete Apron (i.e., Grade Control) at Downstream End of NSA Figure 3. Looking Upstream at the NSA from the Downstream End 9 Figure 4. Looking Downstream at the NSA from the Upstream End Figure 5. Looking Upstream at the SSA from the Downstream End 10 Figure 6. Looking Downstream at the SSA from the Upstream End Figure 7. Channel Material in NSA 11 Figure 8. Channel Material in NSA Figure 9. Channel Material in SSA 12 Figure 10. Channel Material in SSA Figure 11. Dense Vegetation in the NSA 13 Figure 12. Dense Grasses and Trees in the NSA Figure 13. Dense Vegetation in the SSA 14 Figure 14. Fallen Tree Trunks Form Grade Control on Channel Bed Figure 15. Typical Channel Bank with Well-Consolidated Material 15 CHANNEL BED RESISTANCE LAB I IE BED •Sand- Dominated •i < 16 mm •1 Surface Sand > 25% •Loosely-Packed INTERMEDIATE BED •Woderatelyto Loosely- Packed Cobble / Gravel • Hardpan of Uncertain Depth, Extent Erodibility COARSE/ARMORED BED •d > 128 mm •Boulder/Large Cobble •Tightly-Packed •<5% Sand •Continuous Bedrock •Contirvuous Concrete EXAMINE RISK FACTORS •Grade Control •Armoring Potential •Proximftyto Incision Threshold Goto Bed ErodibiWy Checklists and Incision Diagram Checklist Fill out SCCWRP Scoring Omens to Determine if the Receiving Channel has a HIGH, MEDIUM, or LOW Susceptibility Figure 16. SCCWRP Vertical Channel Susceptibility Matrix LOW •Fully Amored / Bedrock Bank Estabilization in Good Condition •No Evidence of Chute Formation / Avulsions •Fully Confined, Directly Connected to Hillside. VWI-1 ArERAU.Y ADJUSTABLE?^ <r •" / AeLa 1 AJjusti V 6«a« I teral ~\ |B ting? J NO None, or Flu «ial Only Limited to Bends and Constrictions ir Mass wasting or Extensive Fluvial " Erosion or Chute Cutoff Formation \ 4 i MED HIGH VWI <= 2 VWI > 2 1 I /GotoX / Figure 2 3 \ 1 ofthe J V Decision / xMatrix/ Moderately or Wed-Consolidated Poorly or Unconsolidated Goto Figure 2.3 ofthe Decision Matrix Figure 17. SCCWRP Lateral Channel Susceptibility Matrix Attachment 1 ATTACHMENT 1 SCCWRP INITIAL DESKTOP ANALYSIS November, 2009 Revised Draff for Field Tesfing/TAC Review 6 Note: This form is reproduced exactly from the HMP except for the red text. FORM 1: INITIAL DESKTOP ANALYSIS IF required at multiple locations, circle one (applicant site, upstream extent, downstream extent)NSA: 33.1100 degrees Location: Latitude: SSA: 33.1074 degrees -117.2921 Longitude: -117.2893 Description (river name, crossing streets, etc.): Unnamed natural canyons. GIS Parameters: US Customary units used for contributing drainage area (A) and mean annual precipitation (P) to apply regional flow equations after the USGS Table 2.1: Initial desktop analysis in GIS Symbol Aen"O 05 .-t± <D d) C <D Q. ^ p ^ 2 "5i g Q_ CLJJ_ Sv _0 B "Q-'cO =j °~<n W ^ "(/) Variable (units) Area 0(rni ) Mean annual precipitation (iri \in.) Valley slope (m/m) • • Valley width (m)V "/ Value Description and Source contributing drainage area to location via published Hydrologic Unit Codes (HUCs) and/or < 30 m National Elevation Data (NED), USGS seamless server area-averaged annual precipitation via USGS delineated polygons using records from 1900 to 1960 (Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) shape file using records from 1961 to 1990 was less accurate in hydrologic models) geomorphically-defined valley slope at site via NED, dictated by watershed configuration, confluences, consistent valley widths, etc., over a distance of up to -500 m or 10% of the main-channel length from site to drainage divide (whichever is smaller) valley bottom width at site from natural valley wall to valley wall, dictated by clear breaks in surface slope on NED raster, irrespective of potential armoring from floodplain encroachment, levees, etc. See the following page for the above values for the NSA and SSA. Table 2.2: Simplified peak flow (Hawley and Bledsoe, In review), screening index, and valley width index Symbol Dependent Variable (units) Value Equation Required units Qiocfs 10-yr peak flow (ft7s) Q10 10-yr peak flow (m3/s) INDEX 10-yr screening index (m15/s°5 Wref Reference width (m) VWI Valley width index (m/m) Q10cfs=18.2*A087*P077 Q10 = 0.0283 * Q10cfs INDEX = SV*Q10 °'5 Wref = 6.99 * Q10 °438 VWI = Wv/Wfel A (mr) QlOcfs Sv (m/m) Qio (m3/s) Qio (m3/s) W¥(m) Wref(m) Note: Gray highlighting indicates values directly used in field assessments See the following page for the calculations associated with Table 2.2. (Sheet 1 of 1) The * in the equations indicates multiplication. SCCWRP FORM 1 ANALYSES Study Area NSA SSA Area A, sq. mi. 0.041 0.011 Mean Annual Precip. P, inches 12.5 12.5 Valley Slope Sv, m/m 0.048 0.159 Valley Width Wv, m 6.10 3.05 Study Area NSA SSA 10-Year Flow QlOcfs, cfs 8.65 2.43 10-Year Flow Q10, cms 0.245 0.069 10-Year Screening Index INDEX 0.024 0.042 Reference Width Wref, m 3.77 2.17 Valley Width Index VWI, m/m 1.62 1.41 Note: The areas were obtained from the watershed delineations shown on the SCCWRP Exhibit. The mean annual precipitation was obtained from the County of San Diego's BMP Calculator (see Appendix A). The valley slope was determined from the elevations and flow lengths from the SCCWRP Exhibit. The valley width was estimated from the topographic mapping on the SCCWRP Exhibit and site investigation. The 10-year flow, screening index, reference width, and valley width index are calculated from the equations in Table 2.2 on Form 1. Attachment 2 ATTACHMENT 2 SCCWRP FIELD SCREENING DATA November, 2009 Revised Draft for Field Testing/TAC Review 15 Checklists and diagram for assessing potential bed erodibility - transitional/ intermediate bed material: Checklist 1: Armoring Potential A.D NSA & SSA D A mix of coarse gravels and cobbles that are tightly packed with < 5% surface material of diameter < 2 mm B. Intermediate to A. and C. or hardpan of unknown resistance, spatial extent (longitudinal and depth), or unknown armoring potential due to surface veneer covering gravel or coarser layer encountered with probe C. Gravels/cobbles that are loosely packed and/or > 25% surface material of diameter < 2 mm Figure 2.3: Armoring potential photographic supplement for assessing intermediate beds (16 < d50 < 128 mm) in conjunction with Checklist 1 (Sheet 2 of 5) November, 2009 Revised Draff for Field Testing/TAC Review 16 Checklist 2: Grade Control NSA & SSA D D A. Grade control is present with spacing < 50 m or every 2/Sv • No evidence of failure/ineffectiveness, e.g., no headcutting (> 30 cm), no active mass wasting (analyst cannot say grade control sufficient if mass-wasting checklist indicates presence), no exposed bridge pilings, no culverts/structures undermined • Hard points in serviceable condition at decadal time scale, e.g., no apparent undermining, flanking, failing grout • If geologic grade control, rock should be resistant igneous and/or metamorphic or if sedimentary/hardpan should be subjected to hammer test/borings before placing in this category (criteria TBD) B. Intermediate to A. and C. - artificial or geologic grade control present but spaced 2/Sv to 4/Sv or potential evidence of failure or hardpan of uncertain resistance C. Grade control absent, spaced > 100 m or > 4/Sv, or clear evidence of ineffectiveness most resistant least resistant 8) Intermediate Figure 2.4: Grade-control (condition) photographic supplement for assessing intermediate beds (16 < d50 < 128 mm) in conjunction with Checklist 2 Diagram - Regionally-calibrated screening index threshold for incising/braiding For transitional bed channels where the bed material dsn is between 16 and 128 mm, use the diagram and table (Figure 2.5 and Table 2.3, respectively) to determine if the risk of incision is > 50%. (Sheet 3 of 5) Mobility Index Threshold — probability of incising or braiding 1 SSA NSA 0.001 • Stable 10% risk 1d50(mm) 10 10° Braided + Incising 50% risk 90% risk (mm) o 'to £ EQJ f-» ra <T *~ £ "0 I-0 g> E 0 ^.1 VOS o 128 96 80 64 48 32 16 8 4 2 1 0.5 0.145 0.125 0.114 0.101 0.087 0.070 0.049 0.031 0.026 0.022 0.018 0.015 zo; CD 3... OO (B -a (Da :5a: n ns,-rj •> « ' GIS-derived: 10-yr flow & valley slope Field-derived: ci50 (100-pebble count) Figure 2.5: Probability of incising/braiding based on logistic regression of Screening Index and dso (Sheet 4 of 5) - d50 is 16 mm from field work. For 16 mm, the table on the left indicates that the risk of incising or braiding is less than 50% if the screening index is less than 0.049. The Form 1 analyses in Attachment 1 shows that the screen index for the NSA and SSA are 0.024 and 0.042, respectively. Therefore, the table and the chart show the risk is less than 50%. Pebble Count NSA diameter, mm SSA Diameter, mm 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 11 11 11 11 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 2.8 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 8 8 8 8 8 8 8 11 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 11 11 11 11 11 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.6 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 64 64 64 64 64 90 90 11 11 11 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 16 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.6 22.6 32 32 32 32 32 32 32 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 45 64 64 64 64 16 64 90 90 90 11 90 D50 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 90 90 90 90 128 128 128 180 180 90 90 128 128 128 128 180 180 180 FORM 4: LATERAL SUSCEPTIBILTY FIELD SHEET Circle appropriate nodes/pathway for proposed site or use sequence of questions provided below (Form 5). FORM 6: Probabilistic bank stability using height & angle Figure 2.10: Lateral Susceptibility decision tree Zo< CD .' • oo c(D5•Via -o O""* r 2o-« (8 (Sheet 1of1) MCn November, 2009 Revised Draff for field Testing/JAC Review 27 FORM 6: LATERAL SUSCEPTIBILTY If mass wasting is not currently extensive and the banks are moderately- to well-consolidated, measure bank height and angle at several locations (i.e., at least three locations that capture the range of conditions present in the study reach) to estimate representative values for the reach. Use diagram/table below to determine if risk of bank failure is > 10%. Support your results with photographs that include a protractor/rod/tape/person for scale reference. 50 60 70 Bank Angle (degrees) Figure 2.11: Lateral probability of bank-failure diagram Table 2.6: Applicant-determined values for Lateral probability of bank failure Bank Corresponding Bank Bank Angle Height (m) Height for 10% Risk of (degrees) (from Mass Wasting (m) (from Field) (from Field)(from Table) Rating (LOW-VERY HIGH depending on other decision-tree components) Left Bank Right Bank (Sheet 1 of 1)