HomeMy WebLinkAbout1979-12-04; City Council; 6095; MASTER PLAN AMENDMENTa *a
.CITY OF CARLSBAD
cltP - Initial AGENDA BILL NO: 6095 Dept. Hd.
Cty. Atty DATE : December 4, 1979
Cty. Mgr. DEPARTMENT: Planning
SUBJECT :
CASE NO. : MP-149 (D)
APPLICANT: La Costa Land Company
SUBJECT: Master Plan Amendment
Statement of the Matter
The northeast area of La Costa, known generally as the
Meadowlark and Meadowbrook areas are serviced by the Sari
Marcos County Water District for both water and sewer. La Costa Land Company has an agreement with the San Marcos District to reactivate the sewer treatment plant that would
serve the area.
Reactivation will allow development to proceed.
this property is zoned P-C and a portion of-it is in the La Costa Master Plan. - process of review and will probably be amended in the futre. This will take time and the La Costa Land Company believes
that the subject area is peripheral to their total development
and have requested that the portions of the subject area within the Master Plan be deleted and the entire area be
rezoned from P-C to RDM-Q.
The RDM-Q zone does not require a Master Plan, therefore
development may occur according to the General Plan. Since the residential density of the P-C zone and RDM zone are
both directly related to the General Plan, there will not be
any change to the possible land use of the site. The Q Overlay zone requires discretionary approval by a Site Development Plan.
Exhibits
Planning Commission Resolution No. 1567
Staff Report, dated November 14, 1979 Location Map
Letter dated August 17, 1979, San Marcos County Water District
Exhibit A (PIP-149 (D) ) dated October 2, 1979
Qecommendation Both Planning Staff and Planning Commission
recommended that ZC-206 be approved as per Planning Commission
Resolution No. 1567.
Council Action:
12-4-79
However,
The La Costa Master Plan is in the
.
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Council continued the public hearing to January 2, 1980.
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PLA%:NI.WG COiTiYISSION RESOLUTION NO. 1567 _I--._
A RESGLQ'.?I<lX OF TEE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY
OF CARLSUAD, CALIFORNIA, RECOMMENDING APPROVAL OF A
NASTEfrZ PLLi:N AMENDI\IENT TO THE LA COSTA MASTER PLAN
DELlETING -PG'PROXINATELY 134 ACRES LOCATED IN NORTH-
E$GT IJP- COSTA
CASE NO, : MP-149 (D)
Al PL 3: CAN;: : LA COSTA LAND COMPANY
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WIG3?EAS ,. a verified application for certain property, t
wit:
A portioiz of sections 19 and 30 of Township
12 South, Range 3 West, San Bernardino Meridian,
has been filed with the City of Carlsbad, and referred to th
Planiiisg co j-ssicri; and
WTIEREAS, said verified application constitutes a reques
I 1 as provided by Title 21 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code; and
T;i'HERIEAS,. this project has been processed through envirc
1 mental review as required in Title 19, the Environmental Prc
tion Ordinance, and has been found in conformance due to pri
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19 properey as referenced herein; and
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WHEREAS, at said public hearing, upon hearing and
consid.ering all testimony and arguments, if any, of all pers
desiring to be heard, said Commission considered all factors
relating to Master Plan No. 149(D), and found the following
and reasons to exist:
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Findings
1) This area need not be a part of a Master Plan Communit because:
a) It is at the periphery of the La Costa Community
and the City boundaries and therefore not an area
centrally important.
b) The public facilities needed in this area will be required at time of development.
2) Removing this project from the La Costa Master Plan will not have a detrimental effect on that Master Plan
because :
a) The property is on the periphery of the La Costa I
Master Plan Community.
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b) The property is separated from most of the La Costa area by a canyon and 'open area of a future
proposed estate development.
3) The project has been processed through environmental
review and found to be in conformance due to prior
compliance of certified EIR-307, which encompassed the
property as referenced herein.
Sewer wil.1 be provided in this area by San Marcos
from the District assuring sewer availability. The
City Engineer will not permit building permits unless
he determines sewer service is available.
WHEREAS, the Planning Commission, by the following vot
recommended approval of PIP-149 (D) , subject to certain condi
1) The property to be deleted from the La Costa Master
2) The applicant shall submit reproducible copies of the
4) County Water District. A letter has been submitted
Plan is as shown on Exhibit A, dated 10/2/79 for MP-12'
amended Master Plan prior to acceptance of any request
for development.
This Master Plan amendment is approved upon the expres
condition that building permits will not be issued for
Engineer determines that such sewer facilities are
available at the time of application for such permits l will continue to be available until time of occupancy.
the City Engineer determines that sewer facilities are not available, building permits will not be issued.
3)
development of the subject property unless the City
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4) This Master Plan amendment is approved upon the expre
condition that the final map shall not be approved un
the City Council finds at the time of such approval,
sewer service is available to serve the project.
The proposed Alga Road and Melrose extension are to b
maintained in the original Master Plan MP-149 and any
modifications or revision thereof shall include the dl
of any future project.
AYES :
5)
ment of the extension as required off -site developmen
Schick, Rombotis, Friestedt, Marcus,
Jose, Larson
NOES : None
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT HEREBY RESOLVED, that the foregc
recitations are true 2nd correct.
EDWIN S. SCHICK, JR., 3
CARLSBAD PLANNING COIWI:
ATTEST: \
JAMES C. HAGANAN, Secretary
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STAFF REPORT
DATE :
TO: Planning Commission
FROM: Planning Department
SUBJECT: ZC-Z06/HP-.149(D), CHANGE OF ZONE FROM P-C T3 RDM-Q AND AMENDRENT OF TtiE LA COSTA MASTER PLAN DELETING THAT PORTION IN THE MEADOMBROOK AREA.
-------- Location and Description
The subject property is 134 acres located in northeast La Costa, The property is west of Rancho Santa Fe Road and at the present easterly terminlis of Alga. As indicated in
Exhibit P, dated October 2, 1979, there are five parcels of which parcel 2 through 5 are part of this application. Parcel 1 is Rancheros, \:lhich is not a part of this application
Parcels 2 and 3 are on a relatively high ridge s'loping down-
ward to valleys to the east and south. Development -in much of this area require grading. Parcels 4 and 5 are in a
relatively flat valley running generally n3rth and south.
The property within this requested Faster Plan amendment is
only a portion of the land within the zone change application. The Naster Plan amendment is for the removal of Parcel 2 and a little over haif or' Parcel 3 from the La Costa Master Plan. This encompasses approximately 45 acres. See Exhibit A, dated October 2, 1979, of Master Plan 149(D).
On this exhibit there is a 2* notation. It represents the area without a landuse designation. Although part of La Costa Land holdings, it is not part of the La Costa Master Plan.
The remaining portion of the zone change is not in the
blaster Plan Amendment becatise it is not presently a part of the Piaster Plan.
Land Use
Subject Property: Vacant, except for one old barn. North: Vacant South: Vacant, SMCHD wastewater treatment facil it East: Single family residential development in the County area and industrial park towarc the southwest. West: Vacant, and single family and multiple family deve1opmTnt along €1 Fuerte and A1 ga.
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Existing Zoning
Subject Property: P-C North: P-C South: P-C and L-C East: County, Residential & San Marcos Industrial West: P-C, R-1, C-1 and RD-M
- Historg and Related Cases
MP-149: November 2, 1976, by City Council Ordinance No. 9469, (MP- 149(B). The master plan included only the northwesterly portion of the subject property. The land use on the present master plan is residential with a density of 14 and 20 du/ac. The remaining portion of the subject property were
purchased by La Costa Land Company after the adoption of the
initial master plan and therefore are not part of blaster Plan 149. Master Plan 149 is considered lawfully non- conforming since it was adopted prior to the revision of the P-C zone. Since this is a lawfully existing non-conforming master plan the property may only be developed by one of the following:
1) By a Planne-d Unit Development;- 2) Amend the Master Plan to bring it into conformance with todays requirements and include all of the property within the Master Plan boundary.
Master Plan No. 149 was adopted and last amended on
Environmental Impact Information
A declaration of negative environmental impact has been made for the project based on the justification that:
1) The project is administrative in nature and any future development of the property would be subjected to an additional environmental impact assessment.
2) An environmental Impact report has been certified for that portin of the property iocated within the master planned area, finding that any potential adverse impacts could be mitigated through the master plan and/or on a project by project basis. These same mitigation measures could still be applied to the subject property as development of the property is subjected to discretionar) review by the City.
property covered by the master p1an.for residential densities equal to or less than densities proposed by the master plan.
flora or fauna, For any unique or historical environmenti features.
3) The City's General Plan designates that portion of the
4) The project would not have a significant impact on any
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General Plan Iiformation
A. Land Use
The general plan designates parcels 3, 4 and 5 as Medium Density Residential (4-10 dujac). Parcel 2 is designated as Medium High Residential (10/20 du/ac). The density requirements of the RD-M Zone are those assigned by the General Plan. The General Plan also indicates an elementary school on Parcels 4 and 5. Although the site is indicated on Exhibit A of ZC-206, it l’s not proposed for open space zoning (as other school sites are) since the property is not yet owned by the district.
The General Plan circulation element indicates the continuation of Alga Road as a major arterial through to Flelrose, which is to be a prime arterial. Melrose will intersect Palomar Airport Road to the north and connect with Rancho Santa Fe Road to the south.
B. Public Facilities
Sewer: Sewer service is not available for this developmen as of the date of this report. However, sewer service may be available in the near future.
provided by San Marcos County Water District. 10 provide this serviceg the district will reactivate their facility immediately south of the subject project,
west of Rancho Santa Fe Road. The Cjty Council has directed the processing of subject applications since Sewer service has been guaranteed by San Marcos County Water District. See attached letter dated August 17,
1979, from San Marcos County Water District. Applicatio for reactivation are presently being processed. The Planning Staff has by appropriate suggested conditions to this application insured that development may not occur unless the City Council finds that sewer service is in fact available to serve this property. Therefore the staff is satisfied that the requirements of the public facilities element of the general plan
have been met insofar as they apply to sewer service.
Schools: This area is served by the San Marcos Unified School District. This application is not a residential
development as defined in the school facility require- ments of the Carlsbad Municipal Code. Therefore determination of dedication of site or fees is not
needed at this time.
Sewer will - be
Water; Water service will be provided by the San
Marcos Water District, and the applicant is required to comply with their rules and regulations.
Gas and Electric: Gas and electric service will be provided by SDG&E.
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On-Site and Adjacent Public Improvements: Pub1 iC .imprments will be required per the City Public Improvement
Ordinance and/or as conditions of approval.
Other Public Facilities: Staff has determined that they are not prepared to find that all other public facilities necessary to serve this project will be available concurrent with need. However, the Planning Commission may, by jnclusion of an appropriate condition require
that the project contribute to the costs of such facilities according to City Council Policy No. 17. Since the development would pay its appropriate share of the public facility it would require, the Planning Commission could be assured that the requirements of the Public Facilities Element of the General Plan would be satisfied. In addition park-in-lie fees would be assessed at the time of building permit issuance.
C. Other Elements of the General Plan
The project is consistent with all other elements of the City's General Plan.
Major Planning C,onsiderations -- -
1) Removal of subject property from the PC Zone deletes the requirement for master planning. be master planned?
property. What effect will the removal of this property from the Master Plan have on La Costa?
Should this area
2) The L'a Costa Master Plan contains a portion of subject
Discussion
The major reason the request for rezonina and deletion from the Master Plan is that before the property can be developed the Master Plan must be updated. This may take a relatively long time. Since this area is served by San Marcos Sewer District (whereas most of La Costa is served by the Leucadia District), and the San Marcos District is prepared to provide sewer, the property could be developed soon if taken out
of the P-C Zone and La Costa Master Plan.
The issue to be decided is, is it beneficial to have the subject property included in a Master Plan, or is this property not an integral part of the La Costa Master Plan?
The PC Zone requires a master plan prior to development (except PUD'S maybe approved). A master plan requires public facility planning such as major streets, parks, schools, fire station, libraries, etc. Planning of these public facilities involve determination of location, financi and timing of construction. The larger the area of a master planned community the iuoro extensive the public facility planning.
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The master plan also provides for special development program to encourage comrnunity identity within the City. This will provide diversification of housing types and neighborhoods.
The master p7an provides for a measure of growth control. Presently the potential for unrestrained growth in the La
Costa area (except for sewer availability), is that the
master pian is nonconforming and must be updated. Also, the updated master plan may contain growth restraints as condition: of approval. The City Council is presently discussing the benefits of growth control, but as yet no definitive position has been taken.
The subject property is at the periphery of the La Costa
area being at the northeast corner. Therefore there is limited continuity with the major areas of La Costa, In fact the adjacent properties are to be built out as estates (Rancheros) on property generally physically separated from most of La Costa.
The only major public facilities to be built in the subject area are the extensions of Alga and Melrose Avenues and the expansion of Rancho Santa Fe Road and an elementary school
The San Marcos Creek Park site is adjacent to the south Of the subject projects.
Most of the site to be rezoned is presently not in the La Costa Master Plan, but wouid be included if the application for rezoning was denied.
The subject site is peripheral to the major facilities and center of the La Costa area. Removing it from the Master Plan would have little impact on the master plan. For this reason staff has recommended approval of the request, but there are also obvious reasons to retain the area in the P-C Zone.
The Genercil Plan and Master Plan indfcates an Elementary School site on the south side of Alga Road. The rezone application includes this site. However, the amendment to the Master Plan does not request the deletion of the
site. The school site is contiguous with the Rancheros area, which will remain in the P-C Zone. For consistency between the zoning and Master Plan the school site should remain in the P-C Zone (contiguous with Rancheros). The school site is part of parcel 3 and therefore would have to be resolved at time of submittal of the Site Development Plan.
Recornmenuation
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I. ZC-206
It is recommended that ZC-206 be APPROVED, except that the area noted as school site on parcel 3 shall remain in the P-C Zone for the following findings and conditions:
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1) The proposed project is consistent with the General Plan since the RD-M-Q density range is based on the
current generai plan land use designation.
The Qualify Overlay Zone requires a Site Development
Plan approved by the Plannfng Commission appealable to
the City Council. Conditions may be placed on the site development plan to meet requirements of the general plan or any other needs.
3) The site is physically suitable for the type of density of the development since the site is adequate in s-ize and shape to accommodate residential development ,--: the density allowed by the RD-M Zone.
4) The project is consistent with a71 City public facility pol i ci es and ordi nancas si nce:
a) The San Marcos County Water District has assured
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the City that sewer service will be available after the reactivation of their facility immediately
south of the subject project.
b) The Planning Commission finds that sewer service is not available for this development as of the date of this approval. However, sewer service may be available in the future. The Planning Commission has, by inclusion of an appropriate condition to this application, insured that , development \dill not be approved unless the City Engineer finds that sewer service is available
occur within the project unless sewer service remains available, the Planning Commission is satisfied that the requirements of the public facilities element of the general plan have been met insofar as they apply to sewer. service fr
this condominium permit and tentative niap apprCVa1.
c) School sites aquisition or fees will be determined at time of submittal of the required site development plan.
d) Water service will be provided by the San Marcos County Water District, and the applicant is require to comply with their rules and regulations.
e) Gas and Electric service will be provided by San Diego Gas and Electric,
f) Park-in-lieu fees are required at time of develop-
g) All necessary public improvements have been either
to serve the project. Building cannot +?-=-++ ,I
men t .
provided or will be required at time of developmen.
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. h) At this time, the City Council is not prepared to find that all other public facilities necessary to
serve project will be available concurrent with need. The Planning Commission has, by inclusion of an appropriate condition, required that the project contribute to the costs of such facilities. Since the development will pay its proportionate share of the public facilities which it will require, the City Council is satisfied that the requirements of the public facilities element of the general plan have been satisfied.
5) The proposed change of zone will not cause any substantia environmental impacts, and a declaration of negative environmental impacts has been made finding that:
a) The project is administrative in nature and any future development of the property would be subjecte to an additional environmental impact assessment.
b) An environmental impact report has been certified for that portion of the property located within the master planned area, finding that any potential adverse impacts could be mitigated thrcugh the master. plan and/or on a project by project basis. These same mitigation measures could still be applied to the subject property as development of the property is subjected to discretionary review by the City.
the property covered by the master plan for residen
densities equal to or less than densities proposed by the master plan.
any flora or faunag nor any unique or historical en v i r o nrne n t a 1 f e a tu r e s .
c) The City's General Plan designates that portion of
d) The project would not have a significant impact on
Con d i t i on s
1) This approval is granted for that portion of land described in the application, ZC-206, and further described on Exhibit A dated 10/2/79.
2) The property to be rezoned is as shown on the attached legal map.
3) The applicant will provide school fees to mitigate conditions of overcrowding as part of bui 1 ding permit
appIications at time of development- These fees shall
be based on the fee schedule in effect at the time of building permit application.
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4). This zone change is approved upon the express condition that building or grading permits will not be issued for development of the subject property unless the City Engineer determines that such sewer facilities are available at time of application for such permits and will continue to be available until time of occupancy. If the City Engineer determines that sewer facilities are not available, building permits will not be issued.
Prior to the issuance cf building permits, the applicant
shall pay a public facility fee as established in City Council Policy No. 17.
5)
11. MP-l49(D)
It is recommended that MP-l49(D) be APPROVED based on the following findings and conditions:
Findings
1) This area need not be a part of a Master Plan Community because :
a) It is at the periphery of the La Costa Community
and the City boundaries and therefore not an area centrally important.
b) The public facilities needed in this area will be required at time of development. (
2) Removing this project from the La Costa Master Plan
will not have a detrimental effect on that Master Plan because:
a) The property is on the periphery of the La Costa
b) The property is separated from most of the La
Master Plan Community.
Costa area by a canyon and open area of a future proposed estate development.
3) The proposed master plan will not cause any substantial environmental impacts, and a declaration of negative environmental impacts has been made finding that:
a) The project is administrative in nature and any future development of the property would be sub- jected to an additional environmental impact assessment.
b) An environmental impact report has been certified for that portion of the property located within the master planned area, finding that any potential
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adverse impacts could be mitigated through the master plan and/or on a project by project basis. These same mitigation measures could still be applied to the subject property as development of
the property is subjected to discretionary review by the City.
c) The City's General Plan designates that portion of the property covered by the master plan for residenti densities equal to or less than densities proposed
by the master plan.
any flora or fauna, nor avy unique or historical environmental features.
d) The project would not have a significant impact on
4) Sewer will be provided in this area by San Marcos County Water District. A letter has been submitted from the District assuring sewer availability. The City Engineer will not permit grading or building permits unless he determines sewer service is available.
Condl tions
1) The property to be deleted from the La Costa Master Plan is as shown on Exhibit "A" dated 10/2/79 for MP- 149(D).
2) The applicant shall submit reproducible copies of the amended Plaster Plan prior to acceptance of any requests for development.
3) This zone change is approved upon the express condition that building mgrmkkq permits will not be issued for development of the subject property unless the City Engineer determines that such sewer facilities are
available at time of application for such permits and will continue to be available until time of occupancy If the City Engineer determines that sewer facilities are not available, building permits will not be issued.
- ATTACHNENTS Location Map (MF-I49(D) Legal Map (ZC-206) Exhibit A (MP-l49(D) dated October 2, 1979 Exhibit A (ZC-206) dated October 2, 1979 Letter dated August 17, 79, San Marcos County Water District
BP/ar
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MP- 1-44 CD)
MEAEDv~E~*F~~*
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Existing Zone :
coast Permit Area :
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~f ;ftc1- tllc iaformatian Y~J lrlvr. 51 lrnittcd ha*; hccn reviewed, it: .is dcterminw
tfiat furt11(.1- j r,forn at I on 1 s rccpiircd, you wll1 Le sc advlscd.
.mucAwr: La Costa-and_Comp-Eny -
Naina (individual, pirt-xiersh~p, joint venture, corpurallon, sydic
. ---- Costa D&l Xar Road, -. Carlsbad , CA 92008
4 ~unincss liddress
(7141 43_8-9111
Telcphocc NomLer
-- AGENT :
Name
3usiness Address
a
Telephone Number
&rn&~EERs :
c laam (individual, partner, loint lIome Address
venture, corporation, syndication) \
I Busiitess Address
Telephone Nunbcr Telephone Number
I
Name Home Address
I L Business Address
I -- Telephone Ncinber Telepinne Nunbcx
# ?
. (Attach more sheets if necessary) l:
I/Wc declarc under pcnalty of perjury that the inforniation containcd in t
closure is true and correct and that it will remain true and correct and
relicd upon as bcmg true and correct until amended.
/'/
_I LA cosrA-~An/o CO.
Applicant
,\sY .-~___-- @& L*/5&=LL
ngcnt, wcr, Iwxiier t
PRESIDENT
OBY ULANCHAHD
VICE Ps?csiDEN+
STONLEY A. MAHR
DI??ECTDHS
HA R F2 Y F3. K E €8 A IJ G H
MAYZGARET E. FERGUSON
LEO F. SMITH
GENERAL MANAGER
ATTORNEY
JAMES F. McKAY
VERNON A. PELTZER
!
Pk1C)NC (714) 744-0400 0 78E SAN MAHCOS k:'JULEVP,RC * SAN MARCOS, CRLlFORNlA 92069
RKI: ENG.
Date Received
AU6 2 2 1979 August 17, 7979 -
City of Carlsbad 1200 Elm Avenue
Carlsbad, California 92008
Attention: Flr. Jai?ies Hagaman
Gentlemen:
Re: Seilier Service - la Costa Northeast
The La Costa Land Conpany (ApplicantJ the fee owner of the land shottin on Exhibit "A" marked Parcels 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5 has reqgested
the SXI Marcos County Water Di strict {District) to provide a sewer service avai labi li ty letter for the referenced property.
Subject property is located within the District and within the
sewer service improvements as fol lows :
Di rector of P1 anning
A portion of Parcels 1, 2, 3
All of Parcels 4 & 5
To be eligib7e for sewer service, applicant will be required to
meet the fol lowing condi ti ons:
1. Complete the annexation to sewer Improvement Disti-i cts 1, 2 & 6 those portions of Parcels 7, 2 & 3 lying out-
side of the improveincnt districts boundary.
Construct a11 on-si te snd off-si te sewer faci li ties to connect the proposed project to District's facilities
and cledicate the faciliites to the District in accard-
ance with the Di stri ct' s Standard Rules and Regul ati oris.
Pay all fees required by the District on deiiiand by the Di s tri ct .
2.
3.
\VAT L& -.-- tmsfc TO . . , LIFE . . . H~ALTH . . . ANC Praw;nEs.
.
sp':nWc:css county v4meF. district -.
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City of Carlsbad - 2- August 17> 1979
4. Perform tile terms of the "Agreement for Design and
Construction of the Reclamation Facilities Between
La Costa Land Company and the San Marcos County Water District" with effective date of ?<larch 19,
1979, ( Reclamati on Agreement) 5 to provide the fac- ilities and capacity to handle sewage for this
project.
Subject to the foregoing condi ti ons this District wi I1 provi de the project up to and including 750 Dvve17ing Unit Equivalents (D.U.E.'s) (computed at the rate of 250 gallons per day per
D,U,E,) as follows:
Parcel 1 (Q~~JG+~G~S) 92 D.U.E. f s - Parcel ~CMWW~~L~?S CUTEP-) 100 "
Parcel 3Cv16~m--~S~r) 220 " Parcel ~C~'~GP..DSWLG~K) 300 I!
Parcel 5 C%urt+ ~~~w~~) 38 'I
Actual connections to the system will be scheduled and provided i accordance with the terms of the Recl anati on Agreement.
It is understood by Applicant that this letter is based upon exi>
ing conditions and is issued for planning purposes and thJt the conditions precedent speci ii ed above must be sati sfi ed before ser wi 11 be provided.
This commitnent to provide service has been made by the Board of
appl i cable rules, regul at? ons , ordi nances , procedures and pol i ci 5
of the District, including those relating to fees and charges, ti California Environmental Qilality Act of 1970, as amended, the
appl-i cant's agreement to coristruct any on-site and off-si te fac- ili tics, together with the applicant's providing security as reqi by the District for such construction.
This ?etter of availability pertains solely to the proposed projc and is not transferable to any other project, is not transferablc to any other parcel of land, and is not trdnsferabfc to any othei applicant. Any act -in violation of this provis'on, whether or nc
\
' Directors and is subject to the Applicants' compliance with the
WAI 1 11 I'l~llSlC TO . CII L HtALl bl AN0 C1r,<>1?1tL55
-. -. saz*7arcos covniy w02r d;sfs;cr
City of Carlsbad - 3- August 17, 1979
legally effective to accornpiish a transfer, automatically renders this letter null and void.
This letter is void and of no further force and effect on or
after June 1, 1982.
Sincerely,
~mo”&a/ -3 /?/
arnes F. T.lcI$z~ General i.lap’er
J FM/mds
Encls.
cc: La Costa Land Company Rick Engineering d ..
Vernon A. Peltzer
File
WATER - LIASIC TO . L4F t. . HLALTH . . .AND PROGRESS.
DELETED FROM
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e a
INITIAL STUDY SUMMARY
DATE : December 28, 1979
TO : James Hagaman, Planning Director
FROM : Brian Nilich, Assistant Planner ,,
SUBJECT: EIA NO. 586; ZONE CHANGE AND ?LASTER PLAN AMENDMENT
" 99
CASE NO: ZC-206/MP-149 (D)
DISCUSSION
The proposed project involves an application for both a Master
Plan Amendment and Zone Change for land located in the north-
east La Costa area. Specifically, the applicant is requesting
that an approximately 45 acre tract of land be removed from
the La Costa Master planned area.
designates this property for both high (20 du/ac) and medium-
high (14 du/ac) density residential development, In addition, the applicant is requesting that this property and the area to the southwest (approximately 67 acres) be rezoned from
P-C (Planned Community) to RDM-Q (Residential Density-
Multiple Zone, with a qualified development overlay zone).
If the property is removed from the Master Plan area and
rezoned, a Master Plan would no longer be required prior to
developing the property. However, the proposed RDM-Q zoning
would require a Site Development Plan and public hearing
prior to any development of the site.
addition to any discretionary approvals required. as part
of a tentative tract map or Planned Unit Development.
It appears that a major impetus in removing this area from
the Master Plan is due to the fact that La Costa Master
Plan has not been approved in its final form.
the need for Master Plan approval, development can proceed
The Master Plan currently
This would be in
Thus, without
more expeditiously,
The General Plan currently designates the property for both medium (4-10 du/ac) and medium high density (10-20 du/ac)
residential development. Any development under the RDM-(2
zoning would be required to be consistent with the General Plan land use designations. Based on a comparison between
the allowable densities under both the Plaster Plan and
General Plan, it is evident that for a portion of the
property, the General Plan permits a density somewhat less
than that proposed by the Master Plan.
1
.-*
@ 0
An environmental impact report, EIR-307, was certified for all of the property covered by the La Costa Master Plan.
In addition, this EIR also covered portions of the subject
property not covered by the Master Plan. The EIR required, as a mitigation measure, supplemental environmental review
prior to the processing of any applications for development in this area.
Since the proposed zone change and master plan amendment
are entirely administrative in nature, no significant environ- mental impacts are anticipated directly from the project. In addition, any potential indirect impacts from this project as a result of physical development of the site would be subject to an environmental impact assessment as each
discretionary action (i.e., site development plan, tentative
map, PUD, etc) is processed by the City. mitigation measures necessary to reduce potential negative
impacts could be applied on a project-by-project basis.
Recommendation
It is recommended that a declaration of negative environmental impact be issued with regard to the project based on the following justification:
Justification
1) The project is administrative in nature and would not
directly result in any significant environmental
impacts to any flora, fauna, or any unique or historical features.
At that time,
2) Any future proposals for development on the property would be subject to an environmental impact assessment as each discretionary action (i*e., site development
plan, tentative map, PUD, etc) is processed by the City.
Mitigation measures necessary to mitigate potential
impacts could be applied to future development of the
site on a project-by-project basis.
3)
4) The City's General Plan (which, based on this project, would guide future development of the subject property) designates the site for resid.entia1 densities equal to or less than densities proposed by the master plan.
BM:ar
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NOTICE OF DECTARATION
NONS IGN IF ICRNT ENVIR0NF;ENTAL Ib'IPIiCT x
NOTICE Is I-IEREBY GIVEN th.at the City of CarS.sbad has issued Negative Declaraticns for tbe following projects:
LOG NO. 586: --
a Masterr Plan Amendment and Zone Change.
is requesting that an approximately 45 acre tract of land be removed
from the La Costa >\aster planned area.
is requesting that this property and the area to the southwest
(approxinately 67 acres) be rezoned rrom P-C (Planned Community) to
RDM-Q (Residential Density Multiple Zone, with a qualified
development overlay zone).
Plan.
entirely admi-nistrative in nature, no sign'ificant environmental
The proposed project'involves an application for both
Specifically, the applicant
In addition, the applicant
An Environmental Impact Report, (FIR-307) Mas certified for all of the property covered by the La costa Fiaster
Since the proposed Zone Change and Master Plan amendment are
impacts are anticipated directly from the project.
APPLICANT: LA COSTA LAND COMPANY
CASE NO: ZC-206/HP- 149 (D)
e
I
A copy of the subject Negative Declarations with supportiy
information is availat_.le for public review at the Planning
Department, City Hall., 1200 Elm Avenue, Carlshad.
from the public are invited.
writing to the Plannincj Department within five (5) days from
.the date of this notice.
Comments
Please submit comments in
PUBLISH: JANUARY 9, 1980
e e
1200 ELM AVENUE TELEPt
CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA 92GC8 (714) 72! ..
gjtp Qg gas[&&!
NE GAT IVE D II C UPAT X ON _---
CHANGE OF SONE --- rmm nm::
West of Rancho Santa Fe Road, north of La Costa Avenue and sout
of the future Alga Road extension.
-. I_- --- PRCJECI? WCA'lTON:
- - _I_-
p~L~~~T ~Er]S~~IPT$J~: The proposed project involves an appl ication -. for both a __II Mas1
--c_ Plan Amendment and Zone Change. Specifically, the applicant is requesting that - ar
approximately '45 acre-tract of lartd be removed trcm theTaosta Master planned at In addition, the applicant is requesting that this property and the area to the soc!thwest -6Gimoxl mateiy67Yres) be rezoned=?=C--(F'! anned cor.nmuni'ly)r-
RDM,-Q (Residential Density Multiple Zone, with a qualified development - __---- overlay zor /l.n Envrronmentmp5Tt. Report,-~~~~j,-~~s~ii~~~d i-or a1 1. ol' che property
cove.red by the La Costa Msster Plan. Since the propos.ed zone change and master p'
amendment are entirely administrative in natilre, RO signiFcant et%ironmentaT imp;
are anticipated directly from the project.
.II_Y ..--__II-
7_-
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I_ .__--. -----? --
--- ---_
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---- I-
LA COSTA LaND CC)r/lPANY -- PFts=EcT .PI<oFGx.EEr : -
Los NO: 5116 pm.fi~/p~z ~3,. ' ZC-ZOb/MP-149 (u
.. +--. 'Xhe Ci'q of Carlsbad VP.S coiichcted m ervironrrend rcxkw :>f the above descrtbe
~J~TUSZ~K to the Ghidcl-ines for fi:ip5-awntaticn of the Cal-if~rnia Envirmmmtsl Qi.
Act ad t:he Erwiromental koixctioi-' C)-;di.tiaice of the City 05 C;u-ls;i.ad. As a re ssi.ti review, a tlraft ?&:<:ativc kclaration (ikcl aiZtlic;n of Non-Si~;piCimt Irpact 'n=.i-&y .issued for the subject project. Justificat:Lm for LbLs acCj.on is on file Planning Departnierrt o '
h mpy cf the Pkgativc- Declarat-ion with supportive doatri:iy1ts is GC file in th2 I kpsr Went, City 5d1, 1200 Eh tlvexe, Cxi.sbad, cfl. Ckxrmts frcm the pd.dic
' izLtcd, Pl.ease submit cmmnts in writing to the Planirlg Cmis:;io~ .cyit3i.n fj days of chce qf pcblication 'JANUARY 9, 1980 .
/A fl/ TT!GyA Ji1jE:s c . p$L(&yc{
??JVQT~XG CIIi,%X!R,
, ' gsF CITY OF CAI?LS!1I\D/ Y
DATED: !.- -;r 8- 7 ,-/
V 0 <
1200 ELM AVENUE TELEPHO
CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA 92008 (714) 729-
'.
al& Qf &X&bab I
~OTICE OF DETER~~INATION .
TO: COUNTY CLERK SECRETARY FOR RESOURCES LOG NO. 586 County of San Diego
220 West Broadway Room 1311
San Diego, CA 92101 Sacramento, CA 95814
1416 Ninth Street
..
PRa3ECr TIm: CHANGE OF ZONE
. PmCT ADDRESS: Weskof Rancho Santa Fe Rogd; north 6f
La. Costa Ave, . south of the future Alga Rd extension 1,
..
PENT A~PLIW: La Costa Land Company
+ & ENVIR0"TAL IMPACT OF THE PRQjECT
la
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SAWS OF PROJECT
.-
WILL KIT HAVE A SIGNIFICANT EFFECT
IUU/&NY HAVE A SIGNIFICANT EFETCT
** .
4 x; APPROVED 2% .. d I
DENIED
ENVIROIWENTAI, IbPAd?. REPORT .. mNE COMPLETED PURSUANT TO CEQA
OOMPLJZED PURSUANT TO CEQA
U ra
A copy of the 0 Negative Declaration n ETR with supporting
documents is available for public review at the Planning Department, City Hall, 1200 Elm Avenue, Carlsbad, CA
DATE: SIGNED:
92008.
.-
a. . JAMES C..' HAGMN, Planning Di rcc t or ,' ..
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FORM
Receipt No. . EIA NO.
/ 1.- c 2 *. ‘Lr. - ,--e
+,j? -3 +L ’ fed L - - . -----”L I*-- b9.2, j.. Date :
Name of Applicant:
Address :
Permit Applied For: chq of mne
Case Nos.:
Location Of Proposed Activity:Generallv west of Rancho Santa Fe Ro
Morth of La Costa Avenue and South of the future Alga Xoad extens
La costa Land Company
CoGta Del Zdar Road, Carlsbad, Ca. 92008
BACKGROUND IN FORMAT I ON
I:, Give a brief description of the proposed activity (attack
Zone Change (consistent with genexal plan) proposed mu1
housing
any prel iininary development plans).
0r-e
(
2. Describe the activity areag including distinguishing natural and manmade characteristics; also provide precis slope analysis when appropriate.
Not Applicable.
d
3. Descri he energy conservation measures incorporated into the design and/or operation of the project.
Not Applicable.
.
FORM - 44, Page I of 4 PLANNING
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ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FORM_
11. Environmental Impact Analysis
Answer the following questions by. placing a check in' the appropriate space.
..
c_ Yes
e. I. 'Could the project significantly ch.ange present land uses
Could the activity affect the u.se of a recreational
.- - . in the vicinity of the activity? ,-
4
2.
3. .C&ld the activity affect the functioning of an
4. Could the activity result in the displacement of ..
.
area, or area of important aesthetic value?
establ i shed community or neighborhood?
community .residents? --
-
7-
..
. '.. . 5. Are any of the natural or man-made features in the activity - .. area unique, that is, not'found in other parts of the
6. .Could the activity significantly affect a historical or
.- County, State, or nation?
. archaelogical site or its setting?
'- .. .. ..
.. -. 7- Could the activity significantly affect the potential .
. .uses extraction, or conservation of a scarce natural res- .. ource? . .. __L
nesting place, source of water, etc. for-rare or endangered
*.
.. .-
' .8. Does the activity area serve as a habitat, food source - .
cIL.rr
wildlife a\: fish species? ..
planf life? . --
activity .area? ..
. '9. Could the'activity significantly affect fish,,wildlife or
'.IO. Are there'iny rare or endangered plant species in the
'11. Could the activity change existing features of any.of
12. Could the activity chsnge,existing features of any of
13. Could the activity result in the erosion or elimination
..
c -- .. , *.
the city's lagoons; bays, or tidelands?-
the City's beaches? 7
.-.
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7 : \ . of .agricultural lands?
.presently undeveloped areas or intensify developmeht 14: Could the activity serve to encourage developnlcnt of '
X . of already developed areas? .. 7
..
FORM 44, Page 2 of' 4. ' C -
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8- I n
. 15.. Will the activity require a variance from established environmental
16. Will the activity require certification, authorization or issuance of a permit by any. local, State or Federal environmental control agency?
Will the activity require issuance of a variance or Conditional use permit by the City?
18. Will the activity involve the application, use, or -disposal of
19, Mill the activity involve construction of facilities in a flood -plain?
20. Will the activ'ity involve construction of facilities on a slope of 25 percent or greater? ..
21. Will the activity involve construction of facilities in the area of an active fault? .. -
22. Could the activity result in the generation of significant . amounts of noise? . --
23. Could the activity result in the generation of significant amounts of dust?
24, Will the activity involve the burning of brush, trees, or other materials? .
-25. Could the activity result in a significant change in the
standards (air, water, noise, etc)? -
-
17,'
potentially hazardous materials? -
.
..
.
6 uality of any portion of the region's air or water resources? - 9 Should note surface, ground water, off-shore). -
26, Will there be ;'significant change to existing land form? -
(a) indicate estimated grading to be done in cubic yards. mt known at.
' - (b) percentage of alteration to the present land form,
(c) maximum height of cut or fiII slopes,
.27. Will the activity result in substantial increases in the use of utilities, sewers, drains or streets? -
It -
It
111. State of No Siqnificant Environniental Effects
If you have answered yes to one or more of'the questions in Section II but you think the activity wi 11 have no signif icant environmental effects, indicate yo[ reasons bel ow: 4
Approval of the change in zone could ultimately result'in developrac area;,. hotjever 'the change of .zone in itself-has. no. environmental ef? . .*
*, .* .* ..
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F~RM - 44, Page 3 of 4 * .*
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1V: Coiiiincni.:, or [~f;:Ii~~i.;i-I:.ioi~:< to Ally of thc~ Qs~~:~t~i(iii:; -iii Scci.i'ci'i 1 I. ._______ ___----._--.__- _---- _-._._ ___I__-___ . . . . .___. ___- _____._. ______
(IT nciti.i tiotial :;pact is 'ncildcd for? aiisvicriiij .any qiicztioiis, ~IL~KII ii.tId.itior~;
'SlICC!tS as 11ia.y be IlC'CdCld . ) '.
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-_--. 9- 6 -79 ---- - ---. --
____________l__ ._I__ - --~.~~ ___._-...... .- . .._._ - ..__ ___.-._..I . - ..___ __I______
S-i $1 i-ia txw . cl!-SOl'l C,(::i!Jl./ (!ti l.!(J l"Oj)Oi*~,) 049
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' . Date S-igncd:
I_L--._ .COtlClUS<OllS (2.0 IIC CoriIl)I ct-d by the Pl.aiii-1.iIy ,DircctxiA) .
in the appropriate b~x. ' P~JCP :I clieck
( ) I-urtI.ici- irifori1a.t-ioi.i is 1-equ-ii-cd.
(t-3.. It Ilris Iicell dct,~)-i;~.ii~~d tIiciI. tlic p~*~.j(lci; will I;[){: i;zvc Ligi-iir icciit cnv-i roninci-itcl efi'ccts. ( ) You. l~i~1~;i suL:ni t a prc1 imi na\-JI en\; i ~oimei-iti . ( ) You imprict state;iicriI: by thc io1 1 ovii iq (i3 te _____.___. - - . - -. .. __ - ___.
fui-t.licr proccssiiiy 0.: your project, -in ticc~rdi:tice \*;itti ~i~ai~tilt* '19. CG
of the thinicipal Code.
' . * sIio:JItJ in;iI:c i:n tl]?jJ8illtl~~~lt. r!i th t/it! I)I;ii)ri.ii-i:! II.i\-::cirjr to disr;i!ss
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FEE: 'a50. bo ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FORM
,a Receipt No. . EIA NO.
,fl la
L-- - x
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Date: .
. Name of Applicant: La Costa Land Company
Address : @oGta Del idar Road, Carlsbad, Ca. 92008
Permit Applied For: rhaT nf _~a
Case Nos.:
Location of Proposed Activity: Gpnerallv west of 3ancho Santa Fe Roa
North of La Costa Avenue and South oL" the future Alga Xoad extensi
BACKGROUND IN FORMAT1 ON
I:, Give a brief description of the proposed activity (attach
Zone Change (consistent with general plan) proposed mu1
housing
any preliininary development plans).
Qr-2
I
5
2. Describe the activity area, including distinguishing natural and manmade characteristics; also provide precise slope analysis when appropriate.
Not Applicable.
.
3. Describe energy conservation measures incorporated into the design and/or operation of the project.
Not Applicable.
FORM - 44, Page 1 of 4 PLANNING
1,
,. ,I , .a a, . .. ,*
,
ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FORM ,
I.
11. Environmental Impact Analysis
Answer the following questions by. placing a check in' the appropriate space.
Yes _L .. 1. 'Could the project significantly change present land uses
2. Could the activity affect the u.se of a recreational area, or area of important aesthetic value?
3. 'Could the activity affect the functioning of an established cornmunitY or neighborhood? --
4, Could the activity result in the displacement of community ,residents? --
. , in the vicinity of the activity? - - ._
4
-
..
. '.. . 5. Are any of the natural or man-made features in the activity
' -
2 area unique, that is, not'found in other parts of the
6. .Could the activity significantly affect a historical or
.. County, State, or nation?
- . archaelogical site or its setting? ..
'-
.* 0. 7. Could the activity significantly affect the potent'ial
.* . . use, extraction, or conservation of a scarce natural res-
.8. Does the activ'ity area serve as a habitat, food source -
'9. Could the'activity significantly affect fish,,wildlife or
10. Are there'any rare or endangered plant species in the activity .area?
11. Could the activity change existing features of any.of
12. Could the activity change.existing features of any of
13. Could the activity result in the erosion or elimination
14.
- e.
ource? .
nesting place, source of water, etc. for.rare or endangered
..
. wildlife 01: fish species?
plant life? . 7-
- ,.
.
_.
c --
the city's lagoons; bays, or tidelands?.
7-
the City's beaches? --
', -- : \ . of .agricultural 1 ands?
Could the activity serve to encourage developnlcnt of presently undevclopcd areas or intensify development
X , of already developed areas? .. -I
..
FORM 44, Page 2 of'4. r. --
I.
... m ._ . w .- .f
I&, -. Will the activity require. a variance from established environmental
16. Will the activity require certification, authorizati'on or issuance
standards (air, water, noise, etc)?
agency? -
use permit by the City?
.-
. of a permit by any. local, State or Federal environmental control
17.' Glill the activity require' issuance of a variance or conditional
18. Will the activity involve the application, use, or .disposal of
19, Will the activity involve construction of facilities in a flood -ylai n?
Nil1 the activ'ity involve construction of facilities on a slope of 25 percent or greater? ..
21. Mill the activity involve construction of facilities in the area of an active fault?
22, Could the activity result in the generation of significant amounts of noise? . _-
23. Could the activity result in the generation of significant amou'nts of dust? -
24: Wlill the activity involve the burning of.brush, trees, or other materials? . -
.. -
' . potentially hazardous. materials? -
- ..
... .
. 20.
.
.- .. ...
,
'
.. ..
.
' -25. Could the activity result in a significant change in the .
' uality.of any portion of the region's air or' water resources?
-. !Should note surface, ground water, off-shore).
26, Will there be $'significant change to existing land form?
-
-.
(a) '-indicate estimated grading to be done in cubic yards. got known at.?
h
' . (b) percentage of alteration to the present land form.
It (c) ' maximum height of cut or fill slopes.
.27. Will the activity result in substantial increases in the use of utilities, sewers , drains or streets? -
iII, State of No Siqnificant Environmental Effects ..
If you have answered yes to one or more of'thc questions in Section I1 but you think the activity will have no significant environmental effects, indicate you reasons below:
Approval of the change in zone could ultimately result'in.developrae
-area;, hoFiever 'the chanje of ,zone in itself-has. no, environmental ef4
4 ..
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,. .. FORM 44, Page 3 of 4 .. -
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ZV: C(Jiliifi(!tii:, or I~I;tfioi~~~-I:~ioi~~s .lo AI.I!/ of' tho f)l~[lf I:~on~: -~II Seci.i'oii J I.
( JT ;t(iti-it.ioII;ti :;pac~' is wcdmI for ansr,rcrillg jtny qlicstions, z~ttilci) ;,(IcIitiol1;
'sliects i1.l; rllay be r1eodcd , )
S -i (3 I I ii I: (1 t- (I .__-_
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- C~IIC'IUS-~~IIS -_____ ._ (-1.0 IIC [;oiil/)l Ct.cd I)y tile I'l.a~i~.iili~] Dil-cci.ol-) . ' I'lace ii ~lieci: iri thc qipropridtc Im,
( ) FurLIic~r iriroi-hJt-ioij is i-etjiiiretJ.
( ) ~t ~lrls Iiclci1 cIci.e1-.il:<ricd tll;it. tlie ~j~~~.)j(~ct \.ri 11 t;ctt. 1i:ivP sigiI.if'icc 111
(~I.~~,/~~~~I~I~I~I~~~~~ effc~ts. ( ) YOU. tij!l:;i, sut:ni I: i! pr~l jmi nai-ji ei?'~i:-ciiinici-i'l.~ imprict S~;I~~;IIPI.I~ Iiy the To1 1oi.ci i!g cintc
ftii*~i.I~r iroccssiiig of your project, -in iiccord;;tice v;-ith Ciiaptili- 'lY.04
. () You .._--_..- -_- - .- .- -. .. --____. - - Si'iOLJ1d lilLl!:C? i:II ~Ij~jJ~~ll~l~~~~l~~. \/ilh tllk ~'~dll:~l~l~~~ bil-?Ctol- to d-i:;r:l!:>S
of the t4iin.icipal Code. G,OZ -/ /-- - L L, An
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*-----_- -,-* - - (* c ‘s, ‘%. -”.
DATE : NOVEMBER 30, 1979
TO : CITY COUNCIL
FROM: City Manager
SUBJECT: AGENDA BILL NO. 609416095: LA COSTA LAND
COMPANY APPLICATION FOR MASTER PLAN AMENDMENT AND ZONE CHANGE
MP 149 (Master Plan amendment to delete 47 acres from
La Costa Master Development Plan) and ZC 206 (zone change from PC to RDM-Q on La Costa property) have been noticed for public hearing at the December 4, 1979 meeting.
The recent amendment to the Sewer Moratorium Ordinance (Ordinance No. 9539) requires that the City Council make
findings on sewer availability before the City may process
planning applications. The above referenced applications from La Costa Land Company had been received and were in process at the time this ordinance amendment was approved
by the City Council.
requirements, before giving final consideration to these applications, the City Council was asked to consider recommendations on sewer availability findings at the November 20, 1979 meeting. As the City Council did con-
sider recommendations for sewer availability on November 28, 1979 and determined to continue decisions on those findings until after the decision on th& San Marcos County Water District sewage treatment plant, it would therefore appear
that Council should continue the public hearing on these
plan amendments and zone changes until such time as findings
have been made in order to comply with the terms of Ordi- nance No. 9539. Further, as we cannot designate a precise date the City Council might continue these hearings, the hearings on these applications will have to be
In order to comply with the ordinance
City Manager
JWD : gb
ec: City Attorney
City Clerk
Planning Director
La Costa Land Company
Council continued the public hearing to January 2, 1980,
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AN INT€!\iSIVE ARCYAEOLOGICAL RECONNAISSANCE
OF THE
LA COSTA I-ATiD COMPANY PROPERTY I CARLSBAD, CALIFOFZNIA
Prepared by Russell L. Kaldenberg, Archaeological Consultant to RECON for La Costa Land Company .
Rev i ewed By :
0’ Ni 21 1 r Department of Anthropology , Pal omar Col1 ege; San Diego
Country Archaeolog-ical Society; San Diego State University Dept, Of Ai~th~opology: Saq Diego Museup1 of Man; Dr. John Ford, Dept. of A3thrOpOlGcy, 14ira Costa College.
I certify that I have reviewed this report and have sent it to the above nientiotied agencies for review and comment,
City of Carlsbad Planning Department; Dr. Dennis
#+4kLLG-d2& &&A249
P LANN I N G DE PATf-MEN’i
Planning Commission Actio\\ d@-&&&kP? - /-/6-7-7
I_-_^-
City Council Action
-- ---
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TABLE OF CO!:TENTS
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PAGE
1 A SUMMARY OF REPORT AND RECONKENDATION - Prepared by City of
Letter sent to revicwir,g agencies
ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECONNAISSANCE - Prepared by RECON
ABSTRACT 1 A. INTRODUCTION
I BATIQUITOS LAGOO& REGION
Carl sbad P1 anni Rg Department
3A
Letter fucrn San Dfego County Archaeolcgi cal Soc-iety 444
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B. A HISTORY OF ARCHAEOLOGJCAL RESEARCH IN THE 3
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C. PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
D. A BRIEF CULTURAL HISTORY OF THE LA COSTA AREA I
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20 E, BIOLOGICN COliiMllNITY OF THE LA COSTA AREA,
1. Flora 2. .Faunal Resouces
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36 1. Descri pti on 36 2. Results of the Archaeological Survey
3, Site Descriptions - La Costa ilorth 38 4. La Costa Master Survey Area (The Northern,
Easterm and Northeastern and Southern Por- tions of La Costa Property)
I 3. Ethnobotany
F. GEOLOGY OF THE LA COSTA PROPERTIES
1. Quaternary Alluvium 2. Pleistocene Sedinents
3. Tert-iary Sediments I 4. Santihgo Peak Metavolcanics
G. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY
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60.
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61 62
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H. CRITERIA FOR CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT
1. Major 2. Moderate 3. Minor I 4. Significant
I. MITIGATION
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J. XIl'aPACTS TO THE ARCKAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES 66
K. INTERPRETATION OF THF ARCEIEOLOGICAL RECOT~EI ON
THE LAS COSTA LAND COMPANY PROPERTY 68
L. PROJECT GREW AND PERSONS ILVD ORGANIZATIONS
CONS ULTE I) 79
14. REFERENCI~S CITED 81
PAP PEN DI CE S
APPENDIX I: An Archaeological Glossary for Non-
Archaeologists
APPENDIX XI: Institutional Site Records for La
Costa
APPENDIX III: Human Remains from La Costa Vicinity
APPENDIX IV: Bar Graph Depicting Temporal Relation-
ships in the Ea-tiquitos Lagoon Area
the Vicinity of Backbay La Costa
Site Definition Analysis
APPENDIX 17: Surruuarized Data on Recorded Sites in
APPENDIX VI : The Results of Mr. Charles Bull's
APPENDIX VII: Site Record Forms *
APPENDIX VIII: Posthole Data Sheets*
"NOTE: These appendices have been prinked as a separately bound document and are dist-ributed in a limited amount . only.
SUMNARY OF REPOiiT AND RECOMMENDATION
I N T R o Du c T I o N
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It has been the City's practice to require mitigation of all ide ified archaeological resources prior to development of any proje
The environmental review process provides the mealts for identify archaeological resources. Mitigat-ion csln then be achieved by ei excavating a site a.ccording to accepted professional standards,
City has r2quired the excavation and/or preservation of archaeol ical sites.
The following report was prepared by RECON under contract to the Costa Land Company. The Environmental Impact Report for the La Genera7 Plan Arrendment (Certified April 27, 1976) recommends th? detailed archaeological investigations tske place prior to apprc of specific development proposals in the Master Plan Area. It B staff's 'nter!t that this requirement would be applied as a condi of approval for the proposed La Costa Master Plan. However, ch; to the Ci-ty's P-C Zone have delayed consideration of the La Cos? Master Plan. Consequently, La Costa Land Company has voluntaril subm-itted this report in anticipation of a future requirement.
s u M MA 2 Y
prcser\!ing it. On a number of projects in the La Costa Area th~
This report contains the findings of an intensive archaeo?ogical
survey for the 3500 acre cove'red by the proposed La Costa Mastei A total of 54 archaeolo.gica1 sites were recorded as a result of survey, bringing the total of indentified sites in the La Costa to 60.
The report surveys the archaeological literature on the La Cost; describes the archaeological resources, and proposes meth0d.s to igate impacts to the sites. A separate appendix on file in the
ing Department contains deta-iled site records and posthole data
The La Costa property is undoubtedly one of the most sensitive i aeological areas in Southern California. This survey of the La properties in the first step in identifying a massive amount of concerning the prehistory of the Ba,tiquitos Lagoon area. The rr
. be possible to rewrite and reinterpret the hypothesized prehistr San Diego County.
It is important to note that this study does not mitigate any a aeological resources. The master survey will be used to alert
. City as to the presence to help in determining what type of mit
I . suggests that with further detailed investigation in La Costa,
I or protection .i's necessary.'
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The report was reviewed by four organizations that have 'interest and expertise in archaeology. The letter sent to reviewing ager and the comirients received have been attached. Since staff recei no criticism of the report, we a*;-e assuining it is adequate.
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- R E C 0 M M E N D AT I 0 N
Staff recommends that the City Council find that:
1) The report entitled "An Intensive Archaeological Reconnaissanl of La Costa" is an adequate description of archaeological resources in La Costa. The City recognizes that findings in this report are preliminary and may be modified as further information is revealed as part of the environmental review I for individual projects.
I 2) Staff is directed to incorporate the report as appropriate foi
3) In order to mitigate impacts to the archaeological resources
any EIR prepared for the La Costa area.
described in this report or otherwise found, the City, in con- nection with the processing of environmental documents for an) discretionary permits within the area covered by this report, shall require the applicant to submit a research design prepai
by a competent archaeologist outlining the scientific methods to be employed in investigating any identified archaeological resource. If an identified archaeological resource is to be preserved or requires no mitigation, the applicant shall submi a letter from a competent archaeologist stating the reasons wh such a course of action is appropriate. The Planning Director shall review the proposed methods of mitigation and consult wi archaeological review agencies to ensure that the mitigation proposed is appropriate and scientifically defensible.
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TELPPhONE: 1200 ELM AVENUE
CARLSEAD, CALIFORNIA 920Oa (714) 729-1 181
gitp Qf fg2&&g$$
December 16, 1976
TO: ARC HA E 0 L 0 G I C A L R E V I E W A G E W C I E S I FROM: DANA HIELD WHITSON, CARLSBAD PLANNING DEPT.
SUBJECT: LA COSTA MASTER ARCHAEOLOGJCAL SURVEY. 0
Enclosed 5s a copy of the Mast2r Archaeological Survey for La Cost,
on file in our office the institutional site records for the La Co area.
This Master Survey was intended only to identify and preliminarily determine the sionificance of archaeolGgica1 resources in La Costa The Master Survey is not a mit-igation for cny archaeological resou
in La Costa, but it does set the stage for future studies.
The Master Survey will be used in the future to alert the City as the presence of archaeological resources and to determine what typ of mitigation or protection will be necessary.
\de are sending this document to you for two reasons:
1) First, we believe that this study will be an important resourc for your library;
2) Second, if YOU have any comments on the adequacy of the repor. please let me know by January 12, 1977. If I don't hear from
you, I will assume that you concur with the contents of the report.
I which was prepared by RECON, In addition to this doctimen-i, we ha\/
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The Planning Commission will discuss the Master Survey in the Cit Council Chambers on January 19, 1977, at 7:OO P.M. You are welco to attend and comment on the report.
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DANA HIELD WHITSON ASSISTANT PLANNER
OHM: ar I 3A
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&y;L jjJje;F@ 6 &upq ALyclq.g@ pigal 6" Sg&t y7
7- .LJ.e. Box :La?
~~lci.r,it&s s (>A, 92024
22 c~?rT!.h?2: 30 p 19'18
Pl.3,rlnfng Depar.
CaTlsbsd I e!!. $2905
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city of (;:::r?.s
i -_ 700 Elm !4.ve?.lu.c
Qyi-tle:.eii :
econnsissame of rl j.b,a;nk ym for senC.;inz - -. e____1 An Intm,slue 4.rck;s -- .-- Ita, Costa, p~ep,red oy t:ick 5:qviro;men-Lali Cofisi?ii;anLs and for notification
of the dste o?? the 71mnicg Commission nee-ii-ng i;cJ discuss this project.
I),'e 1-ia.w reviemc?, the repart and feel it is incicied excellent ad. rmst
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i akqua-te .I
'tie comend. tha City of Czyisbad and the La bsta Lsrid Coxpiy for their foresigh-t ii1 ezly i&ntifi.cztj-cn cf' ths cfil*,~~zal ~esc~;:c~s Lad l;lLzi~
j.ritee.+ *A " "io -~.ti.l?jze tills &&La in :.;><x$ 'jcs >jla::+ng,
As stated in -the report archaeological res6ach in this ex"ireme1y
5.n:porta.nt z~ea r:ay ~11 bid. 4th~ kq 50 reconst,ructj 012 of the greh?-.s-tory
of ccastz1 Sout'rie?:~~ Ca.lifom.la I $73 ur~cgc that OK: nonrenewable
archaeological ~"es31~ces be preserved for tt1.5 2u.tm-e if at 211 _ps~si'ole
miif r.;he?:l not g9ssi'd-r: t thzt 2~qer xitigat.icm be .zccoiqlished. !:;e '
a,dditionaIly recornmeiid -that a ssS.cn-lii'ic aid r.;ell pl-zmed research
c?esign bc rec:&m2 on 3.11 excavazions mck-rt..z;i;e:i rsheiz !;reservation is ,. I not feasi'bli: .
Sincerel-y,
/sa czLLf5&.4- ,As. Carol :;ralIcer
E:nvironnen-Lai Eeview Committe~
BWCVlVEl L.L.4 .LJ
r) : JAN 3 1w
a
-. fJj-y OF cp,RLsBP.L: - [;;:::j:z pzpertn?%t
444
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SaQ -&go csunty ArehaeologicaH Society, In
P,O. Box 187
&cini-tas I CA 92024
Peb~u~y 1, 1917
Planning Departmerrk.
City of Carlsbad pb -T (-4 -k;: -j L.b -4-d
1200 Elm Avenue 1 Carlsbad, PA 92093 FSIB 0 4 jY77
Gentlemen : CITY 05 CARk_%aAD. flz p@zi-dml& I
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The following is sdmLtted in response to your
cn An Intensive A~c:haeological Reconnhissance of La Costa
Fhvironmental ConsdLim-l;s o
The Sm Diego Co~zrLy brcha,eological Society is cornprcised of' a membership of appro yjmately 200 persons t including -mth professional and avo cational
archaeologists.
comnen'c. on pro jeck whtch ma,y alf ect cultural resources within San Die@ County.
Review Com?;.ittee,
Carlsbad area.
A letter dated 12/15/76 from the City of Carlsba4 states this report, is inteaded .5;0 identify md prelininarily deternine the significance of archawlogic
resources in La cbstz. md dl1 be used .f;o de-berrtiiiie rkat type of mitig3f,iOil Ol'
protection wfll be necessary, The report serves the purpse for which li was
inteniizd; namdy %",e iden tification of culturaiL resoirrc& and a Frelimiiiar-y
assessnenl of the3 signi-?izance. It is a valvable document to be used in
planning future Parid use projects. - as it is a, pyeLiminTz$ stacly one --___- must remember -Lh;t"t; assessnent of site si~.LE&xmce and recommendatioxK€or
mii&@ion may charge as further resezrch progresses wd hata is ---__ acc%ulated. In Sections 3 aEa I - Kaldenberg - ___I has outlined his criteria for azsessing
site significance -_ - - ad proposed measmes for mitigation. One should not bz
'IxrunC- to these- pzdfn>in-ay re-~o~~~-~~~~~~~~~~--~a~~~he-o~~~n~~revi se
Lhem--r,s -a&rZtionzI Information is obtained.
We recommend preservation of OUT cultural resources whenever po ssi'cle o
impossible, all projects must proceed in compliance with the California
Environmental Quali.ty Act md- the State of California and County of San Diego '
Guidelines for the Inpleaentation of CSQA.
undertaken only mder the direction of a qualified and conpe.tent professional
design e
This =ea is one of extreriie aichaeological imprtmce aid requires intwsive
systematic archaeological research and study. impacts must also be a prime consideration.
st for addieonal cow~mt
prepared by Rick
T -I_% is the practice of om organies'cioii to review and
The review procedure fdls nndn the direction of OIX Ehvironnen-tal
As a member of that comaittee I reviet; projects in the
-..--A --I_
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lhen 1
It is critical that projects be I archaeo1ogis.t and b~ caxied out inth a scientific and well.'prepared resexrch
Nethods of control o€ secondary I
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Planning Department
Re: An Inteasive Arch. Reconnaissance of La Costa
Page 2
1 City of Carlsbad
I We appreciate the foresight demonstrated by the City of Carlsbad and- the La Costa Land Company In project planning am2 their concern about cultural
resowce management.
I Sincerely,
1 Ms. Carol Walker
a- fly (L44L4&AA/!
Environmental Review Committee 1
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FIGURES
Page
6 Figure 2. .... Chronological Model for San Diego County 8
Figure 3....,Historic Villages Within La Costa Vicinity 13 Figure 4.. ... Geological Map of La Costa Properties 32
and Accompanying Legend 33
Figure S....,Archaeological Surveys Conducted on La
Costa Properties 37
Figure 6....,AeriaP Photograph of La Costa Area 39
Figure 1. - . . . San Diego County Vicinity Map
Figure 7.....Archaeological Sites Plotted in Relation-
Figure 8..,..,Plotting of Known Radiocarbon Dates From ship to the Local Drainage Patterns 70
Batiquitos Lagoon Area 76
TABLES
Page
Table l......Mission San Diego de Alcala Baptisms 16
Table 2......Relationship Between Geological Units and
Table 3......Site Significance and Suggested Mitigating Measures for Sites on Ea Costa 65
Table 4...,,.Sites Which May be Indirectly Impacted as a Result of the La Costa Master Plan 67
Table 5......Status of Other Sites in the La Costa Master Plan Area 69
Table 6.. .... Sites with Late Prehistoric Components 72
Table 7... ... Radiocarbon Dates from the La Costa Area 73
Table 8......ArchaeologicaI Site Inventory of La Costa
Properties 75
Sites on La Costa Property 35
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I ABSTRACT
Two intensive archaeological surveys were conducted during
November 1975 and January 1976 on 3,500 acres of land in north
Coastal San Diego County. A total of 41 archaeological sites were recorded as a result of this series of surveys.
other sites were recorded during the survey of La Costa Far Sout
in November 1975. These 54 sites, in conjunction with the six
other recorded sites on La Costa property make La Costa Land Company, with 60 recorded sites, one of the archaeologically sen
sitive areas of Southern California. This report surveys the
archaeological literature of the La Costa area, describes the
archaeological resources, and suggests methods to mitigate the
impacts to the sites while still allowing planned, residential
development to occur in the La Costa area.
Thirteen
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A. INTRODUCTION
The coastal regions of Southern California once contained
many thousands of places where aboriginal Americans conducted
the activities of their daily lives. Prior to the arrival of
Euro-Americans in California in 1542, little is known qbout the
people who inhabited this area except by archaeologists who are
attempting to reconstruct prehistoric social systems. The abori ginal Americans had no system of writing, therefore we have writ
ten documents only as the result of Euro-American contact. Con-
sistent documentation began in the year 1769 at the time of the
founding of the first presidio on Presidio Hill in San Diego.
From that time until the present, we have substantial documen-
tations of Spanish, Mexican, and American lifeways. What is
lacking, though, is a body of information regarding the Indians
of Southern California. It will only be through ex%.ensive ar-
chaeological research that the past is ever known and understood One of the few locations within California where prehistoric sit are still available for study is along the coast from the Tiajua
River to Camp Pendleton. Urbanization during the past 30 years
has caused the destruction of several thousand sites. A majorit
of the sites along San Diego Bay, Mission Bay, La Jolla Cove,
San Elijo Lagoon, Agua Hedionda Lagoon and Buena Vista Lagoon
have been removed to make way for twentieth century residences. One of the last places along the coast of San Diegq County where
numerous archaeological sites can still be found is the Batiquit Lagoon, backbay La Costa area. Without proper mitigatory meas-
ures and scientific exploration, these areas too, shall be re-
moved of their cultural resources.
The La Costa Land Company, cognizant of the archaeological
value of their property, contracted to have their entire owner-
ments of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) of 1970
as interpreted by the City of Carlsbad, and to be able to use th location of sites as a planning aid in order to use cultural re- sources as green areas or dedicated open space wherever possible
Beginning in 1972, La Costa began sponsoring a series of ar- chaeological surveys and excavations. Several reports on these
scientific data collecting ventures were prepared by May (1972), Kaldenberg (1974) , Kaldenberg (19751, and Kaldenberg and Hatley
(1976). Additionally, Farrell (1976) completed an archaeologica
reconnaissance of the entire Batiquitos Lagoon for the proposed Batiquitos Lagoon Regional Park. With this report, the field
surveys and the identification of archaeological resources on
La Costa holdings are complete, but excavations, and the inter-
pretation of the resourcesd will undoutedly encompass another
several years of research. It is believed by this researcher that sites within the La Costa ownership boundaries hold the
key to understanding the prehistory of coastal Southern Cali- fornia.
ship parcel surveyed. This was done in order to fulfill require
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B. A HISTORY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN THE BATIQUITOS LA-
GOON REGION
As is the case with most archaeological research which has
been conducted in San Diego County, the late Malcolm Rogers of
the San Diego Museum of Man explored the lagoon and backbay area
around La Costa between 1929 and 1935 (Notes on file at the Mu-
seum of Man). Rogers recorded 26 archaeological sites yithin th
vicinity. As was true with much of his work, he assigned large site areas to one site number although the sites may be removed
was applied. sites in this region, but he did place test units at various sites throughout the county and did not record the placewent of
these units. What happened between 1935 and 1959 is unrecorded, but for a period of 24 years, no archaeological excavations nor archaeological research was actively conducted in this vicinity. In 1959, the University of California Archaeological Survey, un- der the direction of Claude Warren and D. L. "Red" True, led a series of surveys throughout the river valleys and lagoons of San Diego County. They had been preceded in the Buena Vista
Lagoon area by Dr. William J. Wallace who conducted an intensive
survey of the lagoon and the drainage system of Buena Vista Cree
Between 1959 and 1963, the UCLA team surveyed and qxcavated with the Batiquitos Lagoon area. The implementation of Interstate-5
near the mouth of Batiquitos caused the excavation of sites SDi-
603 and SDi-211. Research was continued by UCLA in coastal San
as much as one-half mile from each other, yet the same site numb It is not known if Rogers actively excavated any
I Diego County until 1964 when their work was complete.
After that time, sporadic excavations were conducted by loca
students at Site W-179 near Encinitas Creek in 1967, and at the Reyna site in 1970. It was not until the California Environment Quality Act passed in the general election of 1970 that addition
work was to be conducted around the La Costa area. Ronald V. Ma
performed an archaeological survey for SDG&E through the La Cost
Land Company in 1972, and he also conducted an extensive survey
of some of the western areas of La Costa in early 1973, identify
ing eleven archaeological sites. Later, during 1973, May conduc another survey for SDG&E which located additional sites to the east of La Costa. One test unit was excavated on the Weigand se tion of La Costa in December, 1972. During the summer of 1974, a salvage excavation was conducted by Kaldenberg and Ezell on site SDM-W-49, just adjacent to La Costa Land Company. The re-
sults of the excavation were so startling, with evidence of San
Dieguito Complex inhabitation in a stratified site at 8500 B.P.,
that interest was sparked anew in the vicinity.
3
In September 1974, a survey was conducted by Sue Ann Cup- ples of San Diego State University Foundation for the La Costa
Land Company on Site W-181"A". Recommendations for additional
exploration were made which included a five percent archaeologi-
cal excavation. During October and November of 1974, Kalden-
berg conducted an excavation on W-181 "A1' which became known as Santa Fe Glens. During 1975, Kaldenberg conducted three sur-
veys of the La Costa Land Company holdings and one excavation al site W-106. During the later portions of 1975 and early 1976,
Nancy Farrell surveyed all of Batiquitos Lagoon which included
portions of La Costa Land Company (Farrell 1976). Charles S.
Bull has conducted archaeological data retrieval exploratory tests at several sites in La Casta Far South during the early
months of 1976, Farrell is in the process of nominating the
entire Batiquitos and Agua Hedionda Lagoon areas to $he National Registry of Historic Places as an archaeological area. Unques-
tionably, these areas will be accepted to the Registry.
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C. PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING
The La Costa Land Company project encompasses approximately 6,000 acres located in the City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, extending three miles east of the Pacific Ocean.
The project area is bounded on the west by El Camino Real, on the east by Rancho Santa Fe Road, on the south by Qiivenhain
Road, and on the north by agricultural land roughly one-half
mile south of Palomar Airport Road (Figure 1).
Batiquitos Lagoon is situated to the immediate weqt qf the
La Costa property. The La Costa property straddles the San Mar cos Creek drainage west of Rancho Santa Fe Road.
veloped portions of the property are located in the stream vall
and along the slopes of an unnamed tributary valley near the west margin of the development.
Already de-
South of San Marcos Creek and the La Costa golf course, the
study area consists of a broad, gently rolling bench-like sur- face at elevations of 200 to 260 feet. This surface rises gradi
ally to the east to 300 feet where it abuts the steeper slopes and rougher terrain of a west-north-west trending hill mass wit1 elevations ranging from 400 to 600 feet in La Costa North to more than 1,000 feet on the highest hill along the east boundar:
of the property.
As evident on the topographic map, the margins of this sur- face have been dissected by a series of stream valreys mostly tributary to Encinitas Creek (along the south and west margins of the property), or to San Marcos Creek. The hill mass is traversed by San Marcos Creek which has excavated a narrow gorgl
and canyon some 200 to 300 feet deep. I
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D. A BRIEF CULTURAL HISTORY OF THE LA COSTA AREA
The prehistory of the La Costa Land Company property and of
San Diego County west of the Laguna Mountains has been divided
into three major traditions or archaeologically-known cultures
(Rogers 1966; Warren 1967; Moriarty 1969) which are generally
accepted as viable concepts by local prehistorians. These tra-
ditions are the Paleo-Indian, Milling Stone, and Ceramic phases of local development. The Paleo-Indian tradition ig locally kno as the San Dieguito Complex. The Milling Stone Horizon is known in San Diego County as the La Jolla Complex, and the Ceramic Tra
dition is identified as the Yuman I11 aspect of the Diegueno
(Rogers 1945; Moriarty 1969) or the Kumeyaay (Ezell and Kalden-
berg 1973), phase (Figure 2).
Pre-Paleo-Indian Beginnings. Prior to the Paleo-Indian colo
zation of San Diego County, it is widely believed by qrchaeolo-
gists that the littoral zone' was unoccupied by anyone but a scan
hunting-gathering popularion (Wormington 1957:224), that is, if
humans. There are those, however, primarily geologists and chem ists, who believe that the antiquity of humanity in the New
World manifests itself in Coastal San Diego County.
Carter (1950, 1952, 1954a, 1954b, 1957, 1975) a geographer, feel
that he has discovered evidence which places a small but stable
hunting-gathering population in the littoral of San Diego County
as early as 180,000 years ago (Carter 1975). Carter's dating
methods are based upon geomorphological techniques and geologica stratification. Artifacts located within his sites are primaril
composed of quartzite cobbles that have been percussioq flaked and battered, probably as a result of rolling and tumbling (Worm
ington 1957:223).
(1955), Moriarty (1972), and Singer (1975) feel that the quartz-
ite core tools and flakes associated with the sites identified
by Carter are items which were indeed manufactured by humans, anc
they are not a simple result of naturally-occurring geological
processes.
excavated from the Buchanan Canyon site (Moriarty and Minshell
1972) in the Mission Valley area of San Diego indicated that: [although] 'the manufacture of chipping' event [sic]
date to the Pleistocene does not seem to be supported
in the case of this particular sample.
fluorine diffusion data, the Buchannon [sic] Canyon
sample seems to be associated with the La Jolla materi-
als tested (Taylor 1975: 131-133).
it was occupied during the pre-Paleo-Indian time frame by any
George F.
Several archaeologists including Witthoft
Experiments by Taylor (1975) on quartzite artifacts
Based upon
Another scientific proponent for Pleistocene Period popula-
tions in San Diego County is Dr. Jeffery Bada, a chemist who was
instrumental in the development of the amino acid dating tech- nique. Bada et a1 (1974) believes that he has evidence to sup-
port the presence of a coastal-living population in La Jolla,
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California as early as 48,000 years ago. Recently, Bada has been joined by Berger (1975) in an attempt to correlate early
New World dates obtained by the amino acid technique with those
obtained by Berger (1975) as a result of collagen-extraction
radiocarbon dating. In dating the Laguna cranium, Berger ob- tained a collagen date of 17,150?~1,470 years (1975:178). Bergei
concluded that:
This date produced considerable consternation
because it antedated any other clearly human
skeletal material in the New World by almost
7,000 years.
Other early dates obtained by Berger included 23,600 B.P. for
the Los Angeles Man cranium (Berger 1975:181), and 30,400f2500
B.P. (Berger 1975:182) for the Santa Rosa Island dwarf mammoth reported by Orr (1968).
chaeologically stratified sites. Archaeologists must rely upon
human skeletal material which has often remained on museum shelves for dozens of years (e.g., the Del Mar Man, the Laguna Man, and the Los Angeles Man). At Rancho Park North, Bada and
Helfman tested human bone material by the amino acid method and
obtained dates ranging from 37,500 to 48,000 years of age, (Hel:
man 1975), which do not correlate with information currently ac-
cepted by most New World archaeologists. More recently, Helfmai
has stated that further experiments with the specimens have pro-
duced similar dates; she is therefore attempting to extract amino acids from shell obtained at the same stratigraphic level
as the human burials at Rancho Park North (Helfman 1975).
Unfortunately, no early dates have been obbained from ar-
Shell from the midden which produced the Del Mar Man skull
has yielded a date of 9,200 B.P. (Tyson 1975), a date comparablc
with the known chronology of San Diego County. The 40,OOOk yea1
difference between the results obtained by radiocarbon dating ai
amino acid implies that the discrepancy is too great simply to
be attributed to radiocarbon errors. The errors must lie in thc
experimental amino-acid technique itself.
Thus, San Diego County has yielded many period dates but no1
have yet been proven to be archaeologically reliable since none
have contained an archaeological record which can be interpretec
as being complete. Therefore, it is only possible to state tha. the Pleistocene archaeology of San Diego County has not readily yielded to test situations which will allow the antiquity of mal in the New World to be further extended. Archaeologists must
continue to base their understanding of the prehistory of San Diego County on the three archaeological traditions which will
be discussed within this chapter.
The San Dieguito. Auast amount of published information i! available on the prehistory of San Diego County, although it is
poorly synthesized. This is, in general, true for the whole of
California, as expressed by Eberhart (1961:361) so aptly when hc
states:
The archaeology of California has not yielded readily
to the construction of closely ordered chronological
sequences. It was not until 30 years ago that any archaeologist working in the state was able to recog-
nize sufficient change in his artifacts to postulate
cultural change.
This is especially true of San Diego County, where publishec Usir reference materials have been limited until very recently. the sources which are currently available and considered to be reliable, the prehistory of San Diego County begins approxi-
mately 12,000 years ago with the earliest phase of the San Dieguito complex. According to Wallace, the San Dieguito com-
plex has a wide distribution from the Pacific Ocean to the Colorado River region.
endured much longer in the west than in the arid interior
(Wallace 1971:190) .I' Rogers (1958:18) felt that the earliest
San Dieguito peoples ranged from the San Pedro Valley in easterr Arizona to the Colorado Desert in Southern California.
It is a "chipped stone industry ... which
The basic material culture of San Dieguito Complex involves numerous types of scrapers and scraper planes, choppers, cres- centics, large blades and points. It has been divided into
three phases, which are called San Dieguito I, San Dieguito 11,
and San Dieguito 111. A fourth phase, San Dieguito IV, exists
in Baja California, but, to our knowledge, has not persisted
into San Diego County (Rogers 1966).
San Dieguito I, the earliest phase of the complex (Rogers
1939), is absent from San Diego County west of the watershed
of the Laguna Mountains (Ezell 1973) ance east of the watershed and encompasses a large area of the California desert and "western and southwestern Arizona.. . being traced as far south as Sonora, Mexico (Rogers 1958:4)."
It is composed of cruder stone tools, primarily consisting
of choppers and large flakes produced by percussion flaking;
sleeping circles; trail shrines; and varied rock alignments (Rogers 1966:51-57).
though it makes its appear-
The intermediate phase is the first one appearing in San
Diego County, west of the watershed of the Laguna Mountains, wit Rogers recording fifty-two (52) sites in the county with San Dieguito I1 representative material culture (Rogers 1966:178-184
While the dating of this phase is inexplicit, most archaeologist
place the introduction of this complex at about 12,000 B.P.
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(Ezell 1973). The charaoteristic assemblage includes improved
lithic materials (better types of stone were selected for
tool-making) , improved flaking techniques for the manufacturing
of more predictable types of stone tools, and the absence of
the San Dieguito I cultural association with sleeping circles (Rogers 1966:60).
San Dieguito I11 is very well represented in San Diego Coun ". . . probably persisting until 8,500 to 7,500 B.P. (Warren an
True 1961:253)." The basic differentiation from San Dieguito I is the appearance of pressure flaking as a technique for lithic manufacture and the utilization of such stone material with an
even more highly improved conchoidal fracturing ability, such as jasper, chalcedony, and occasionally obsidian. The cultural
reconstruction of this tradition was made possible through exca
vations conducted at the Harris Site (W-198) by various archaeo
logists including Rogers (1938) and Ezell (1964). Further info
mation concerning this phase of the San Dieguito has recently
been obtained from Great Western Site "A," excavated by Kalden-
berg and Ezell (1974: Unpublished Ms.), where an enormous amoun
of previously unknown information was obtained through excavati
At that site (Rancho Park .North, Site A) , situated on the south
boundaries of the La Costa property, radiocarbon dates ranging from 8360f90 years B.P. were obtained (Kaldenberg 1976) on the
San Dieguito level. This date corresponds very closely with th
obtained by Moriarty at UCLJ-M-15 and Claude Warren at the Harr
Site.
Based upon this new information, it appears that the Sa Dieguito were permanent inhabitants of the Pacific littoral and
may have been the same people as the La Jolla Complex, only we
recognize them as different archaeological cultures due to dif-
ferent types of tools located at their sites. Additional resea
at La Costa can substantiate this hypothesis.
La Jolla Complex (Milling Stone Tradition). Following the
San Dieguito Complex, the La Jolla peoples appeared. They may
have made their first appearance as early as 9,000 B.P. (Roger
1966:15). Several radiocarbon dates seem to support this hypot sis. Hubbs published a date on a La Jolla midden at Point Loma
with a date of 7,130A350 B.P. (Hubbs, Bien and Suess 1965::ll)
and another radiocarbon date of 9,020rt500 (Hubbs, Bien and Sues
1965:1O9) e
At Rancho Park North, the milling component first occurs at
6,900 years ago (Kaldenberg 1976). Based upon excavations by Warren and True, it was well-developed at SDi-603 at the mout? of Batiquitos Lagoon by 6,000 years ago (Warren and True 1961j0
The La Jolla complex is divided into two phases, the La Jol
I and the La Jolla 11, with the major criteria for its definiti
being the advent of flexed burials, the utilization of Olivella
beads, retouched flakes and the economic dependence upon shell-
fish and seed collecting. The La Jolla complex existed through coastal San Diego County and penetrated the major river drainag
systems and lagoons.
The inland equivalent of the coastal La Jolla complex has
not been well defined in the literature, either materially or
in the temporal sense. This equivalent may be the Pauma comple
as defined by True (1958), which is composed of milling impelem
large blades, comoles and "donut" stones.
Further work needs to be done at sites supporting tool asse
blages similar to the Pauma complex, but at which the surface r mains indicate that the population did not primarily rely upon
shellfish resources. A date of 2,900 B.P. at an inland site net
Rancho Bernard0 suggests that this complex may have survived up
to and during the time of the intrusion of Yuman-speakers into
San Diego County.
Late Prehistoric Cultures. In the north part of the county,
Meighan (1954) has proposed the establishment of two complexes,
San Luis Rey I and San Luis Rey 11. The definitive characteris-
tics of San Luis Rey I are dark, sooty midden deposits containir small pressure-flaked projectile points, manos, portable metate: olivella beads, drilled stone ornaments, mortars, and pestles.
San Luis Rey I1 differs only in that pottery, pictographs, and
historic materials are found in association with all of the
above.
In southern San Diego County, a Yuman-speaking culture calle the Kumeyaay occupied the coastal regions and the oak-laden hill
According to Moriarty, "it was not until 3,000 B.P. that enough
Yuman additions occur[red] in the artifact assemblage to allow u
to infer a settling of Yuman peoples among the La Jollan [sic]
on the coast (Moriarty 1966:23)." They brought with them a new
type of burial pattern (cremation), a new type of projectile
point, and later, ceramics in the form of Tizon Brown Ware. The
introduction of pottery occurred around 1270+250 A.D., according
to a radiocarbon date from the Spindrift Site (Moriarty 1966:27);
and according to information from Rattlesnake Rock Shelter, it mi
have been introduced into San Diego County as early as 1000 A.D. (Davis 1973).
Kroeber (1925) (Figure 3) places the boundary between the
Luiseno of the north and the Kumeyaay of the south at Batiquitos
Lagoon. Mission records (Merriam 1968) further confuse the prob-
lems of aboriginal boundaries since baptismal records show that
Indians from Batiquitos Lagoon were baptized at Mission San Luis
Rey and San Diego de Alcala.
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4
.+
S,tm"o.,n.-
0
I' Am ,h*drl*r
Figure 3. Historic villages in Southern California as identi:
by Kroeber (1925). Note that Hakutl and Shikapa are within the
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1 Costa vicinity rn
In the northern part of the county, the late culture was a
Shoshonean-speaking people called the Luiseno. According to
A. L. Kroeber, the Luiseno received their name after the Missior
San Luis Rey de Francia.
in northern San Diego County, sharing borders with the Juaneno, Gabrielino, Serrano, Cahuilla, and Kumeyaay (Kroeber 1925:648). Rather than being a mountain people, as were their neighbors to
the east, the Luiseno occupied the hills within their territory
up to and including the watershed areas of the chaparral. Their
inland territory included the San Luis Rey River and its drainac
They occupied an irregular territory
system,
The archaeological manifestation of this ethnographically
recorded linguistic group may well have been the San Luis Rey I1 complex. From Wallace's report of site S.D.-132, we know that t
Luiseno (SL.RII?) material culture was very similar to that of
their neighbors to the south, the Kumeyaay, consisting of a seed collecting and hunting economy. Bedrock mortars, pestles, milli stone-mullers and leeching basins comprised their techno-economi
subsistence implements. Small stemless concave-based projectile
points were the most dominant type of point, with drills and
scrapers also being abundant lithic implements. Ornamentally, olivella shells found frequent utilization as pendants (Wallace
1971:196).
The pottery, Tizon Brown Ware, was introduced into Luiseno
territory from the Kumeyaay to the south, about 1350 A.D. (McCown 1955: 45) .
European Period. Upon their arrival in California, the
Europeans found a coastline alive with humanity. The bays' shores sparkled with dark shell-incrusted middens. Natives, in
their tule balsa's and plank canoes greeted the newcomers with
amicability, quixotism, and sometimes hostility. To the Euro- peans, this was a new land necessary for economic expansion. The Spanish needed California as a barrier to keep the Russians in the north, for by 1750, Russian fur trappers were already ex- panding their fur trade and had already established a Fort in
Northern California. They even made their presence known all
along the Channel Islands and as far east as Buena Vista Lake
California (John 1975).
In order to stabilize the new frontier, it was necessary to
found an army outpost where soldiers could guard the newly ac-
quired land. Following the establishment of the Presidio in
1769 near the Indian Village of Xosoi on Presidio Hill, a missio was established to convert the heathens to Christianity, and to
politically control the newly colonized territory (Bolton 1931).
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When the Spanish arrived at San Diego, they found a settled
group of people situated around the bays, rivers and lagoons.
Instead of being agriculturalists as were their conternpories
to the east, these people were hunters and gatherers. Bancroft
"these Indians consumed 'stranded whales, animals of the seal
genus, fish, and shellfish'[all of which] form the main part of,
their diet." They also were known to eat coyotes, skunk, wild- cats, rats, mice, crows, hawks, owls, lizards, frogs, snakes,
other than rattlesnakes, grasshoppers, and other insects, and
deer. The rattlesnake and the bear were not generally eaten
due to religious taboos regarding these animals.
in his History of California (Bancroft 1886:405) stated that
Wild fowl were caught in nets made of tules spread over
channels cut through the rushes in places frequented by fowl, at
a sufficient height above the water. Fish were captured in seine made from the tough bark of the tione tree and via a spear havinc a moveable bone head attached to a long line (Bancroft 1886:406).
Based upon the early accounts of the local aborigines, it
appears as though groups of these people only inhabited the coast seasonally since they came down to the coast in the fishing sea-
interior (Bancroft 1886:406). Shipek has found in her interview:
with Delfina Cuero (1968), that even as late as the 192O's, this
type of seasonal rota was still being practiced in the Mission
Valley area of the County.
on January 10, 1776. It appears that this was the location
where the Portola expedition had dug a batequi on May 27, 1769
from which to drink. It was at this place that Portola and CresI
encountered Indians smoking a clay tobacco pipe. According to Fage's diary, the exact location of this place was where Batiqui- tos Lagoon and Green Valley intersect. At that place, Indians
came down (from a hill) and interchanged goods with the Portola
expedition. The Portola expedition named the location San Alejo
(San Elijo was known as the Valley of the Triumph of the Holy Cross). Palou reports that the entire village consisted of eighi men, three women, and four children.
son and remained until the shoals left, then returned to the
Batiquitos Lagoon is first mentioned by that name by Font
Very little documentation of the area occurs in the historic
record since it is approximately one-half the distance between
the two San Diego County missions. Bancroft reports tha,t Indian: from an inland village attempted to sail their tule rafts down
San Marcos Creek to pillage the village of San Marcos (Bancroft
1886:138); its location has since been lost.
Mission baptismal records indicate that a substantial number
of people must have been residing along San Marcos Creek and Bat
quitos Lagoon until the early 1800's in much the same manner as
did their ancestors prior to Spanish colonization.
15
Merriman reports the following: the Mission San Luis Rey recorded the baptism of 36 people from the rancheria of Batequi
and 25 from Bataquitos. These were segregated into 24 men, 26
women, and 11 children.
In 1790, one woman was baptized from the rancheria of Apo-i
de 10s Batequitos at Mission San Diego. From the Rancheria de
Alejo alias Jeyal, one man was baptized in 1780. Between 1774
1808, 211 men, women and children were baptized at Mission San
Diego de Alcala from Batequitos Lagoon rancheria. Merriman (19 151) presents the following count of these people.
a a a, a,
-4 a, -4 -4 a,-4 kc,
a)@ 3rd a,rd 3rd
TABLE 1 55 krn
ash g%
55 krn
2% -2z
Name of Rancheria *a za wicg za
"Cuilp, Capitan de la rancheria hasta ahora llamada San Dieguito
y nuebemente nombrado San Benito Palermo [17771. I' 1774 (1) 1776 (2) -
"rancheria de San Benito Palermo de la lengua de San Juan Capis- trano el viejo." 1777 (41) 1778 (7)
San Benito (63) 1779 (4) 1780 (3)
San Benito Palermo (55) 1781 (9) 1782 (7)
San Benito Palermo alias 1783 (5) 1784 (4)
San Benito or San Alejo (3). 1788 (7) 1789 (6)
"San Benito, de la rancheria de 1790 (5) 1791 (5)
10s Batequitos. I' 1792 (3) 1793 (5)
San Alexos or Batequitos (3). 1794 (12) 1795 (3) "de 10s Batequitos que pertenecen 1796 (5) 1797 (11)
a San Benito." 1798 (4) 1800 (9)
San Alejo (3). 1802 (7) 1803 (2) San Alexo (4). 1804 (4) 1806 (3) San Dieguito (38). 1807 (5) 1808 (1)
"rancheria de San Dieguito vulgo llamado de gentil Ajopunguile
[17741 .'I 22 men "rancheria que llaman 10s Indios
JallaguA y 10s nuestros
San Dieguito [17771 .I1
1787 (12) San Dieguito. 1785 (9)
TOTAL
2 5 women
120 children
211 Total Baptis JallauhA.
Jalliau.
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Therefore, a grand total of 274 people were baptized from tht Batiquitos Lagoon area at the two San Diego County Missions be-
tween 1774 and 1808. If Shipek is correct, that more than half
of the population fled the coast to escape the Spanish, and anotl
half of the people refused baptism, the aboriginal population
of the La Costa area numbered between 600 and 900 persons.
After the end of the Spanish era of California in 1822,
Mexico began granting large ranchos to various office holders
and polital friends (under Spanish- regulations the missions and padres were only caretakers, the land belonged to the Indians
and would be returned when the Indians became educated and self- supporting). By the Acts of Secularization in 1833-34, the missions were deprived of all their trust lands and office holdc of the Mexican government began granting parcels of lands to va~
ous individuals.
The La Costa property encompasses portions of two of these
land grants. One, Agua Hedionda, which comprises the northern
portion of La Costa, was a land grant of 13,311.01 acres awarde
in 1842 to Juan Maria Marron, a prominent politician and ally of the Pico-Bandini-Carrillo politic31 group of politicians. In 1860, Francis Hinton won the rancho as the result of a gambl
debt. Upon his death he willed the property to Robert Kelly. Kelly died in 1891. He left the property to his nieces and nephews who still own portions of the property today.
The southern portion of La Costa was formerly the Las Encin tas Rancho or otherwise known as Canada de San Alijo. Four- thousand, three hundred and forty-one point three acres (one
square league) of land was granted to Andres Ybarra in 1842. T land was eventually sold to a mercantile firm of Mannasse and
Schiller during the 1850's. The adobes on the property were us
as a store and a stage station for a number of years. In 1880
James Currier bought the property and sold it to Frank and Warr
Kimball who were developing National City. Portions of the ran were sold to the "Colony Olivenhain" in 1885 for Olive producti
Among those settlers was Paul Wiegand, a name still associated with the Olivenhain area (Rush 1965).
In 1902, John Fox purchased the La Costa Far South area in- cluding both adobe buildings and it became the Lux home until
1916. The Lux Land Company, formed in 1910, managed 2,300 acre
in this area. In 1955, they sold the land to E. C. Rutherford,
Dr. Roger Revelle, and Jack Benson. La Costa Land Company pur-
chased this tract of land in the 1960's.
The two adobes situated on this property belong to the Mexi can Era of La Costa History.
1 17
Andres Ybarra built the Encinitas Ranch House in 1842. Du
ing the 1860's, it was used as a store and a stage stop. A la
barti WAB aon.etrucked and the ranch house was used by the Geele
Wright Stage Company. Juan D. Ortega and his family occupied
the house in 1900. Near the structure are large clumps of cac
tus. These are the remnants of a cactus fence grown, supposec to keep the cattle in and the local Indians out.
About two miles northeast of the Encinitas Ranch House, at
the junction of Rancho Santa Fe Road and the San Marcos Creek, another adobe was built. Charles Kelly, a long-time resident of San Diego County, recollected that this house was erected i
1868 by three Frenchmen. In later years the Jose Morales and Jose Maria Alvardo families occupied the house at different
times. After 1902, Kelly remembered that Mr. Lux bought the property where the Encinitas Ranch House is located and Juan
Ortega moved into the other adobe house and homesteaded the
land around it. Near the Ortega ad-k structure is a pile of rocks, which some believe are old grav sites. Mexican worker in the area have stated, however, that these rocks had been
piled to one side while the land was used for farming. Curren
historical evidence suggests that the second explanation for the pile of rocks is true. The memoirs of Charles Kelly faile to mention the existence of grave sites near the house. Herma Wiegand stated that he had no knowledge of graves around the s
ture. Additional information from Charles Kelly's recollectio.
indicate that the Frenchmen used to work a copper mine in Meadowlark Valley and subsequently constructed their adobe there. Juan Ortega moved into the house after the Frenchmen had left.
Kelly states that during his early days around Batiquitos
Lagoon, he used to gather "salt in the Batiquitos Lake. . .
it was sold or traded to the farmers and to the Indians when they [the Kelly's] had more than they needed at home. . .I'
Interestingly, until 1884, San Marcos Creek was known as Batiquitos Creek, A small land owner, Eugene B, Scott changed
the name to San Marcos in that year.
Based upon historic research, it is highly likely some Ind. ans were still living in the coastal La Costa area until the
early 1900's. The famous Dear-Morales murder of the early 1901 in Questhaven bears witness to Indian-European problems as latt as the turn of the century (Perkins 1976). Herman Weigand re-
counts that when he was a boy, he remembers several Indians we1 hung on a large oak tree near the Ponderosa Homes area of the
La Costa property for cattle rustling (Weigand 1974).
While this section is meant to be an overview of the pre- history and history of the La Costa area, it is by no means complete. Much of the historic information was gleaned from
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the recollections of Charles Kelly, archived in the Serra Museum, personal interviews with Herman Wiegand, research by
Philip S. Rush and from various published and unpublished his- tories of San Diego County.
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E. BIOLOGICAL COWUNITY OF THE LA COSTA AREA
1. Flora. Most of the La Costa area is characterized by
a well-developed coastal sage scrub and chaparral community
although southern oak woodlands can be found along the northern portion of San Marcos Creek as it enters La Costa property, and along the unnamed creek near the Encinitas Ranch House. The
vegetation has undoubtedly been altered during the past two
hundred years of European land use.
fire burned the northeastern portion of the property altering
the vegetative community substantially.
The following plant species list is derived from a series oJ
surveys conducted by RECON staff members within La Costa and at
Batiquitos Lagoon and the adjacent Green Valley. It is felt thz this list includes the majority of all shrub and tree species native to the area and a number of the annual and perennial spe- cies. Assuming no significant qualitative change in the vegeta-
tive communities over the last one to five thousand years, this list would represent the resources available to the Native mer-
icans who inhabited this region. The latter conclusion is sup-
ported to a certain extent by recent palynological studies.
Acalypha californica Copper Leaf
Adenostoma fasciculatum C hami s e
Adolphia californica California Adolphia
Anemopsiscalifornica Yerba Santa
Arctostaphylos qlandulosa Manzanita
Artemisia californica Coastal Sage Brush
A. douglasiana Mugwor t Zster sp.
Baccharis emoryi Chaparral Broom
B. glutinosa Mule Fat E. pilularis var. consan-
guinea Coyote Brush
B. sarothroides Chaparral Broom Berberis pinnata ssp. pinnata California Barberry Bloomeria crocea var. crocea Golden Stars
Calochortus sp. Fare-Well-To-Spring
Castilleja sp. Indian Paint Brush
Ceanothus oliganthus Wild Lilac
C. verrucosus Coast White Lilac
Centaurium venustum Canchalagua
Chorizanthe sp. Turkish Rugging
Chlorogalum sp. Soap-plant
Cirsium occidentale Western Thistle Clematis sp. C lema t i s Cneoridium dumosum Spice Bush Convolvulus arvensis Bindweed
As recently as 1970, a bru!
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Aster
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Cordylanthus filifolius Thread-Leaved Bird's Be
Cryptantha sp. Forget-me-not
Cucurbita foetidissima Spanish Gourd
Cuscuta sp. Dodder
Datura meteloides Jimson Weed
Dendromecon rigida Bush Poppy
Dichelostemma pulchella Wild Hyacinth
Dodecatheon clevelandii Shooting Star
Dudleya edulis Lady Fingers
5. pulverulenta Chalk Lettuce
Encelia californica Common Encelia Eremocarpus setigerus D ovewe ed
Eriodictyon crassifolium Yerba Santa
Eriogonum elongatum Long-stemmed Buckwheat
E. iasciculatum Flat-topped Buckwheat
Eriophyllum confertiflorum Golden Yarrow
Euphorbia sp. Spurge
Galium sp. Bedstraw
Gnaphalium sp. Cudweed Haplopappus venetus Isocoma
Helianthemum scoparium Rockrose
Heliotropium curassavicum
Hemizonia fasciculata Tarweed
Heterotheca grandiflora Telegraph Weed Heteromeles arbutifolia Toyon Isomeris aborea var. arborea Bladderpod
Juncus acutus var. sphaero-
carpus Spiny Rush
Keckiella antirrhinoides Bush Penstemon Lonicera subspicata Wild Honeysuckle
Lotus scoparius Deerweed
Lupinus sp. Lupine
Malacothamnus fasciculatus Bush Mallow
Mammalaria dioica Fish
Marah macrocarpa Wild Cucumber
Mimulus puniceus Red-bush Monkeyflower Mirabilis calikornica var.
Montia perfoliata Miner' s Lettuce
Oenanthe sarmentosa Wild Celery Opuntia littoralis Coast Prickly Pear
0. prolifera Coast Cholla Fellaea andromedaefolia Coffee Fern
Phacelia sp. Phace 1 ia Pityrogramma triangularis
D. lance= Live - for - ever
var. oculatum Wild Heliotrope
californica Wishbone Bush
Perezia microcephala Purple-head
var. viscosa S ilverback
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Plantanus racemosa Western Sycamore
Polypodium californicum Polypody
Populus fremontii Cottonwood
Quercus agrifolia California Live Oak
Q. dumosa Scrub Oak a. - engelmannii Rhamnus crocea Redberry
Rhus integrifolia Lemonadeberry
R, laurina Laurel-leaved Sumac
Ribes amarum Gooseberry
R. speciosum Fuchsia-flowered Goose-
Rosa californica California Wild Rose
Rumex sp. Dock Salicornia virginica Pickleweed
Salix exigua Slender Willow
S. laevigata var. laevigata Red Willow
S. lasiolepis Arroyo Willow
Salvia clevelaridii Cleveland Sage
S. mellifera Black Sage
Sambucus mexicana Elderberry
Scirpus sp. Bulrush
Scropularia californica var.
floribunda Figwort
Sidalcea malvaef lora Wild Hollyhock
Sisyrinchium bellum Blue-eyed Grass
Solanum xantii Purple Nightshade
Toxicodendron diversiloba Poison Oak
Typha latifolia Tall Cattail
Urtica holosericea Stinging Nettle
Venegasia carpesioides Jesuit Flower
Xylococcus bicolor Mission Manzanita
Yucca schidigera
Y. whipplei Our Lord's Candle
2. Faunal Resources. The fauna presently found on
Mesa Blue Oak
-- -
- berry
- - --- -
--
Spanish Bayonet
-
the site is typical of the fauna found in rural, scrub-vegetated
coastal San Diego County. Many native species have been extri- pated or greatly reduced in numbers. The proximity to the per-
manent water supplies at Agua Hedionda Lagoon and Agua Hedionda Creek indicates a once favorable wildlife habitat.
It is quite possible that various game birds were
once found commonly along Agua Hedionda Lagoon. Migratory geese
such as Black Brant and Snow Geese, were once much more common
in the county than now, as were several species of migratory
duck. Several resident ducks, including Fulvous Tree Duck, Mal-
lard, Cinnamon Teal, and Ruddy Duck, still nest along fresh
water in the county, but not in the same number as previously.
22
California Quail and Mourning Dove still occur on the property,
and if there were oak groves in the area previously, Band-tailec
Pigeons may once have resided near the site. In addition to
these game species, a number of passerine and other types of
birds are presently, and were previously, found in this region
of the county.
Mammal species presently or previously found at the
subject site are listed below. THIS LIST SHOULD BE CONSIDERED
PRIMARILY AS A REPRESENTATION OF PREVIOUS CONDITIONS AND NOT AS BEING AN INDICATION OF SPECIES ACTUALLY FOUND THERE TODAY.
Urbanization has drive most mammals from the area. Species
marked with a single asterisk are known to be presently found at the site. Species marked with a double asterisk are, or may
soon be, extripated from the area (Coastal San Diego County).
Species not marked are anticipated but not confirmed in the are?
of the project site.
Southern Mule Deer Odocoileus heionus
**Pronghorn Antelope **Bighorn Sheep (now Ovis canadensis
limited to desert
mountains)
Anti lo c ap r a mer ic an a
**Grizzly Bear Ursus horribilis
**Mountain Lion (no longer Felix concolor
*Coyote Canis latrans
found in coastal areas)
Grey Fox Urocyon cineroargenteus
Bobcat Lynx rufus Raccoon Procyon lotor Badger Taxidea taxus
Spotted Skunk Spilogale putorius
Striped Skunk Mephitis mephitis
"California Ground Squirrel Spermophilus beecheyi
*Valley Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae
"Various other small ro-
dents of several genera Woodrat Neotoma sp.
tricted to isolated streams in the mountains)
**Beaver (presently res- Cas tor canadens is
*Blacktail Jackrabbit Lepus californicus
"Cottontail Sylviliqus spp.
The above-listed animals species may have provided
potential resource for exploitation by San Diego County aborigir
populations. It is highly probable that nearly all available
species were utilized as food and implement resources.
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Although definition of past flora and fauna is at best
us valuable insights as to the environment with which aboriginal
peoples of San Diego County had to interrelate,
a tenuous process, examination of present communities can give
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Charles Kelly recalls that 'I.. .in 1873, two lions were
killed in Green Valley" (Kelly N.D.) . The mountain lions were evidently killing sheep which were at that time grazing in the Green Valley area.
During the survey of the La Costa North area, two
Mule Deer were encountered in the extreme northwest portion of
the project site.
3. Ethnobotany. In the absence of other published data,
the major source of ethnobotanical data is a manuscript by
Hedges (1967). This document contains information on the Northe
Diegueno which was collected at Santa Ysabel in the San Diego
Mountains. For Southern California in general, the most compre-
ethnobotanical study of the Cahuilla by Bean and Saubel (1972).
Ethnobotanical information is also contained in Sparkman (1908) for the Luiseno, and in Spier (1923), Lee (19371, and Cuero
(1968) for the Kumeyaay, and scattered references are found in
other sources. Where information for a single plant exists for
more than one group, it nearly always is the case that uses
are very similar. The five cultures occupying San Diego County
west of the mountains all utilized similar arrays of plant
species, and the uses correspond on many points. For this
report, the above sources have been utilized to present a com-
posite picture of aboriginal uses which have been recorded
for the plant species which presently occur on the project site.
hensive ethnobotany for any group is Temalpakh, the thorough
The Coast Live Oak which are sporadically found throughout the area are relics of a once more extensive popula-
tion. It provided acorns, the staple food crop of the historic
prepared in a highly specialized process involving shelling,
grinding, and leaching to remove the bitter tannic acid content
of the acorn. The leached meal was prepared for eating by
boiling to make mush or by baking for bread. Acorns were ga-
thered in the fall, and stored in large storage baskets for
use throughout the year (Hedges 1967:4-8; Bean and Saubel 1972:
121-129; Sparkman 1908:194; Spier 1923:334-335; Lee 1937~241;
Cuero 1968:30-31). Although acorns have less protein and car-
bohydrate content than grains such as wheat, they are high in
fat content and superior to most grains in total caloric value
(Bean and Saubel 1972:125-126). Acorns provided as much as
50 percent of the total Luiseno diet (White 1953:121).
aboriginal cultures of western San Diego County. Acorns were
I 24
Acorns of the Scrub Oak and small and difficult to
grind. They were not normally utilized, but did provide an
emergency food source if the regular acorn crop failed (Hedges
1967:4; Bean and Saubel 1972:23; Sparkman 1908:193-194; Lee
1937:144,241).
The fruit of the Elderberry and Prickly Pear were
eaten fresh or dried for later use (Hedges 1967:24,44; Bean
and Saubel 1972:97,138; Sparkman 1908:195; Lee 1937:138-142, 155-156,241,243) . Manzanita and Holly-leaved Cherry are chart
terized by fruits having very thin pulp over a large seed;
these were eaten fresh and the seed was ground for use as fooc (Hedges 1967:34; Bean and Saubel 1972:41,120; Sparkman 1908: 194,230). Manzanita berries could be dried for future use (Bean and Saubel 1972:41), and the pulp alone was sometimes ground for food (Sparkman 1908:203). Toyon berries were eater
raw or were parched first and then eaten (Bean and Saubel 197; 77; Sparkman 1908:194). The fleshy fruit of the Spanish Dagge was sometimes eaten raw, but usually was roasted in hot coals
before eating (Bean and Saubel 1972:151; Sparkman 1908:196).
Seeds of the Prickly Pear and Spanish Dagger were also processed separately for food (Sparkman 1908:230; Spier
1923:336, Lee 1937:241). Both White and Black Sage seeds were
ground to make into mush, and were used with other foods, suck as acorns, as condiments; pulverized dried White Sage leaves b sometimes used in the same way (Hedges 1967:31; Bean and Saubc
1972:136-138; Sparkman 1908:229; Spier 1923:335; Lee 1937:63,
126,243). Seeds of the Cane Tea were also ground and made int
mush (Bean and Saubel 1972:70).
Various greens were available. The young leaves
and shoots of the White Sage were eaten raw (Hedges 1967~31;
Sparkman 1908:196; Lee 1937:126,243), Prickly Pear pads were
cleaned of their spines and cooked as a green vegetables (Hedc
1967:24;1Bean and Saubel 1972:97; Spier 1923:336), and the blossoms of the Spanish Dagger were parboiled for food (Spark-
man 1908:195).
Three types of beverage plants were recorded. Man-
zanita pulp, or the whole fruits, were soaked in water to make
a refreshing beverage (Bean and Saubel 1972:40-41; Cuero 1968: 31). Lemonade berries were added to water to make an acidic
drink which gives the plant its name (Bean and Saubel 1972:132
Cane tea was boiled to make a tea which was drunk as a beverag
and general health tonic purposes (Hedges 1967:19; Bean and
Saubel 1972 : 70) .
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The Southern California Indians had numerous medicina:
uses for a variety of native plants. Medicinal plants were
widely available and it is not likely that their presence pro-
vided a major reason for utilization of a site. The following
account is not complete and is intended to be only a summary
of more important and common species.
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Colds, flu, and respiratory ailments were treated
with a tea made from Elderberry blossoms (Bean and Saubel 1972:
138), the leaves of White Sage (Hedges 1967:31) , or the bark of Holly-leaved Cherry (Bean and Saubel 1972:120). Leaves of both White Sage and California Sagebrush were eaten or smokec to cure colds, and the leaves of White Sage were used in the steam of a sweathouse for the same purpose (Bean and Saubel
1972:42,136). Fever was treated with a tea made from Elder-
berry blossoms (Hedges 1967:44: Bean and Saubel 1972:138; Lee 1937:214,243).
Stomach disorders 2iid diarrhea were treated with tea
made from Buckwheat leaves or flower (Bean and Saubel 1972:72), from Elderberry blossoms (Hedg-es 1967:25; Bean and Saubel 1972:
138), or from Manzanita leaves (Bean and Saubel 1972:41). An emetic was prepared from Ragweed (Sparkman 1908:228), and laxa- tives were made by boiling Coffeeberry fruit or bark (Hedges 1967:41-42; Bean and Saubel 1972:131), Elderberry roots (Bean and Saubel 1972:138), Buckwheat leaves (Bean and Saubel 1972:
72), Wild Cucumber root (Sparkman 1908:229), or Scrub Oak galls
(Bean and Saubel 1972:129). Cane Tea was drunk as a general
health tonic, and was said to be good for the stomach and kidney
and to clear the system and improve the appetite (Hedges 1967:19
Bean and Saubel 1972:70). In historic times, Cane Tea was
used as a treatment for venereal disease (Bean and Saubel 1972: 70). Tea brewed from Manzanita leaves was also said to be
good for the kidneys (Hedges 1967:26).
Eyewash was made by boiling Buckwheat flowers or
crushed galls from the Scrub Oak (Hedges 1967:38; Bean and Saube
1972:72,192), and eyes were cleaned by placing a single White
Sage seed in the eye and moving it around to collect specks of
dirt (Bean and Saubel 1972:136). Hair wash was made by boiling
White Sage (Bean and Saubel 1972:136), Mistletoe (Hedges 1967:
431, or Ragweed (Hedges 1967:46) .
Antiseptic washes were made by soaking oak bark or
oak ashes in water (Bean and Saubel 1972:129) , boiling oak
bark (Hedges 1967~38)~ or boiling the leaves of Chamise (Bean
and Saubel 1972:30), and using liquid to bathe the affected area. Sprains, strained muscles, cuts and headaches were treate
with poultices made of boiled Cottonwood leaves (Hedges 1967:39;
Bean and Saubel 1972:106). Galls from the Scrub Oak were used
to doctor sores and wounds (Sparkman 1908:233) a I
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Immunity from Poison Oak was said to he acquired by drinking small quantities of tea 1~~’.35:i~i from the roots of
the plant (Bean and Saubel 1972:132) o
Oak, tea made from White Sage leaves was drunk (Hedges 1967: 31), or the
feeberry bark boiled in salted water (Hedges P967:42). Poison Oak rash also was treated with a tea made from Manzanita leave, (Bean and Saubel 1972:41).
To cure a case of Poiso:
affected area was bathed with a solution of Cof-
Menstrual disorders were prevented or cured by drink,
ing tea prepared from California Sagebrush (Bean and Saubel
1972:42) or Elderberry blossoms (Sparlei-an 1908:229) o Durj-ng pregnancy, women prepared a solution fcr bathing by boiling Laurel Sumac leaves in water and drack sumac leaf tea (Cuero
1968:44). After pregnancy, a tea maGe from Buckwheat leaves was drunk to cause the uterus to shrink back into position (Bean and Saubel 1972:62). Newborn babies were bathed in solu
tions of Willow bark or E”-derberry SZossoms boiled in water
(Cuero 1968:44), and were given a tea made of Sagebrush leaves to flush out their systems (Bean and Saubel 1972:42). Elder-
berry blossom tea was also considered beneficial to newborn
infants (Bean and Saubel 1972:138) e
White Sage was an important plant for fumigation and purification purposes. A house in which there has been sick- ness was fumigated and purified by burning sage leaves in hot coals (Hedges 1967:31). After a death, individuals associated with the dead person were purified in sage leaf smoke (Cuero
1968:59). going on a hunt--by applying crushed White Sage leaves to the body (Bean and Saubel 1962:136). If hunting weapons had been
contaminated by the close presence of a menstruating woman,
they were purified by passing them through smoke from burning
White Sage leaves (Bean and Saubel 1972~136)~ or by steaming them over boiling sage leaves (Lee 1937:127,243), Llniseno hunters stood in the smoke of a fire of White Sage and Cali-
fornia Sagebrush to purify themselves and help ensure success
in the hunt (Sparkman 1908:199).
The typical house of the Southern California coastal
Indian was a circular, dome-shaped structure of branches thatc
with brush, and usually built over a shallow pit. Willow al- most certainly was used in house construction, but is curiousl
absent from the published descriptions. Of the plants found in the vicinity of the project area, long branches of young os
Manzanita and Chamise are mentioned for house frames (Lee 1973
59; Bean and Saubel 1972:29-30,41), and Giant Rye Grass, Deer Weed, and Chamise are noted as thatching materials (Bean and Saubel 1972:69,87; Spier 1923:338). Fiber from the Spanish
Dagger was preferred for lashing and tying because of its
Bodily odors were eliminated--especially by men
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strength and resistance to rotting (Bean and Saubel 1972:152; Spier 1923:338; Lee 1937:58-68; and Cuero 1968:25,31).
The major basketry materials of Southern California-( Bunch Grass (Muhlenbergia rigens), Juncus (Juncus textilis),
and Basket Weed (Rhus trilobatal--are absent from the site.
Acorn storage granaries, a specialized type of basket made of
branches with the leaves left on, were made of willow, Scrub
Oak, Coffeeberry, and Chamise (Hedges 1967:13,38,40; Bean and
Saubel 1972:135; Sparkman 1908:210; Spier 1923:347; Lee 1937:
filled in with grass and brush; which was lashed with Spanish
Dagger fiber (Spier 1923:347-348). Elderberry provided two types of dye used'in coiled basketry, a yellow dye from the stems and a black dye from the fruit (Bean and Saubel 1972:138
Women's skirts were made from willow bark (Lee 1937:
133,146) or Cottonwood bark (Sparkman 1908:223). Men sometime wore an apron-like garment of suspended sage twigs (Spier 1923
340). Sandals were woven fram bundles of Spanish Dagger fiber (Hedges 1967:46). Spanish Dagger provided fiber €or a wide range of items, including nets, bags, brushes, cordage, and bowstrings (Bean and Saubel 1972:152). As noted above, it was
an important material in house construction.
79-81). A second type of granary consisted of a framework
Wood had various uses. Mortars were made of oak
(Bean and Saubel 1972:129) or Cottonwood (Bean and Saubel 1972
106). Small implements such as awl handles and mush paddles were made of oak and Manzanita (Hedges 1967~10; Bean and Saube 1972:41; Spier 1923:348), and large thatching needles used in
house construction were made of willow (Lee 1937~60)~ Cradle-
board frames were made of willow or Scrub Oak (Bean and Saubel
1972:135; Hedges 1967:38). Elderberry stems with the pith
hollowed out were used to make flutes and whistles (Bean and
Saubel 1972:138; Sparkman 1908:21l) e
Oak was considered the ideal firewood (Bean and Saubl
1972:130), and oak bark was the preferred fuel for firing pot-
tery (Hedges 1967:38). Large Chamise roots were used as fire-
wood for roasting, and Chamise branches were bundled together
to make torches (Bean and Saubel 1972~30). Because it burned hot and produced long-lasting coals, Manzanita wood was a fa- vorite fuel (Bean and Saubel 1972:41), and Manzanita roots werl
used for indoor fires as they produced little smoke (Spier i92
339).
Several plants were used as soap, but the preferred soap was the large root of the Spanish Dagger which was scrape and grated and lathered into the material to be washed (Bean and Saubel 1972:15-152).
28
Some of the important ceremonial plants of the Southern California Indians--Tolaches (Datura meteloides), Coyote Tobacco (Nicotiana attenuate), Nettle (Urtica holo- sericea) and Wild Gourd (Cucurbita foetidissima) are not pre- sently found on the project site.
uses--White Sage--does occur at the site. Among the Southern
California Indians, adolescent girls, as part of their pubert
ceremony, were placed in shallow warmed pits in the sand and covered over for a period of enforced inactivity. Among the Northern Diegueno, two of the plants used to line the pit wer White Sage and Ragweed, and the girls wore garlands of Ragwee on their heads (Waterman 1910:286-337). As part of the Luise
puberty ceremonies, lumps of ground White Sage seed and salt
were given to the boys, who were required to spit them into
a pit in the center of the sand. painting (Sparkman 1908:222). It is likely that the lumps of "sage-seed and salt" recorded
for Luiseno boys' and girls' ceremonies (DuBois 1908:83,96) and for the Northern Diegueno boys' ceremony (Waterman 1910:3 were also White Sage. Other plants with ceremonial associati of a less direct nature include Elderberry stems, which were
hollowed out for use in smoking tobacco (Spier 1923:315), and
Wild Cucumber seeds, an ingredient in the paint used for maki rock paintings (Sparkman 1908:210). Tattooing was done with a bundle of Prickly Pear thorns (Spier 1923:342), and the de-
sign was made permanent by rubbing charcoal from burnt willow Chamise or Cottonwood into the wounds (Spier 1927:342).
One plant with ceremonial
While it is not likely that the presence of any sin
plant resource provided a major reason for the existence of
an archaeological site locality, the availability of a wide
would have been a major factor in selection of an occupation location. The existence of specific plant resources would ha provided the stimulus for the establishment of processing sit
in proximity to the resource, but with the absence of a perma
water supply on the subject property, it appears that the arc
logical resources present represent temporary processing site
and not permanent campsites.
range of plants for food, medicine, and manufactured objects
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F. GEOLOGY OF THE LA COSTA PROPERTIES
The geology of La Costa consists of four basic units. Thesi include Quaternary alluvium (Qal), Pleistocene Sediments (Qt),
Tertiary Sandstone (Tes), and Santiago Peak Metavolcanics. The
distribution of archaeological sites closely corresponds to the
distribution of the above geological units throughout the La
Costa property (Figure 4; Table 2).
These geological units are defined under the following
1. Quaternary Alluvium. The Quaternary alluvium consists
of poorly consolidated, locally derived sediment deposited in
the floodplains of San Marcos Creek, Kelly Valley, the unnamed
creek which bypasses the Encinitas Ranch House and Encinitas
Creek. Slope wash over this unit makes its extent difficult to
define; however, it is likely to constitute only a thin veneer
where it is exposed. The Quaternary deposits (alluvium) follow
modern drainage paths in the northeast, northwest, and west-
central portions of the property.
'
classifications.
Archaeological sites which are, or at one time were lo- cated within this geological unit are:
a. SDM-W-149, situated in Kelly Valley (La Costa North
This site bears affinities with San Dieguito, La
Costa, and the late prehistoric cultural complexes
b. SDi-701, SDi-702, SDi-703 and SDi-704, located in
the San Marcos Creek drainage. Many of these sites
are presently protected by the La Costa Golf Course
Others have been destroyed as a result of construc-
tion-related activities. All of these sites repre-
sent aboriginal use by La Jolla and Late Prehistori groups.
C. SDM-W-947, SDM-941 and SDM-W-48 are all situated a3 the unnamed creek which drains into Encinitas Cree)
Subsurface investigation reveals that these sites
were occupied by the La Jolla and Late Prehistoric
peoples.
2. Pleistocene Sediments. The Pleistocene terrace materi; is a conglomeratic gravel and sandstone which occurs on isolate
erosional remnants. Oxidized iron in the sediments gives the
unit a characteristic red color. The conglomerate portion of '1
unit consists primarily of purple diorite porphyry, dirty-gray
quartzite, and locally derived metavolcanic pebbles and cobble!
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.
This rock probably represents gravels deposited on & marine terrace cut i:ito the tertiary sediments during a Pleistocene
transgression of the sea. Two erosional remnants of the Pleis
tocene terrace material are present along the east side of El
Camino Real, and east of the intersection of La Costa Avenue a
Rancho Santa Fe Road. Four sites are recorded along the easte
peripheries of El Camino Road, all of which appear to be surfa in nature. These include SDM-W-962, a scatter of patinated fl
and scrapers, SDM-W-963, a deflated hearth or roasting pit,
W-965, a flaking station, and SDM-W-914, a very concentrated a
eroded site containing many highly patinated scrapers, flakes,
and blades imbedded in the gravel matrix.
Site SDM-W-181 was recorded by Malcolm Rogers of the S Diego Museum of Man as having been situated at the intersectio
of La Costa Avenue and Rancho Santa Fe Road. Only a few remna
of this site remain today as evidenced by several isolated fla
and core tools which are scattered throughout the exposed grav
surf ace.
Based upon typological comparisons, the sites along EP
Camino Real appear to be San Dieguito in tool morphology. Tho sites without artifacts (hearths) are culturally non-diagnosti
Site W-181 may have contained remains of all three locally kno
archaeological cultures, but due to recent land alteration act vities, this cannot be verified,
3. Tertiary Sediments. The Tertiary sediments consist pr
marily of silty claystone and clayey to silty sandstone, with local concentrations of pebble-size material. The sandstones
are usually light buff to tan, and the mudstones are a grayish
green. These rocks are generally quite friable and individual
grains are held together by the relatively high clay content o
the rock. Locally, thin beds are strongly indurated by a ealc
eous cement. The Tertiary sediments were deposited over a hig relief topography of the underlying Santiago Peak Metavolcanic
These sediments underlie the entire southwest and west portion
of the La Costa property. In addition, these soft sedimentary
rocks are present in the northeastern portion of the site.
It is upon this geoloq-icaliunit that the majority of t
archaeological sites are, or were situated. These sites inclu
SDM-W-109, SDM-W-173, SDM-W-110, SDM-W-147, SDM-W-190, SDM-W-5
SDM-W-187, SDM-181A, SDM-W-179, SDM-PI-106, SDM-W-940, SDM-W-94 SDM-W-942, SDM-W-945, SDM-W-944, SDM-W-947, SDM-W-948, SDM-W-1
SDM-W-920, SDM-W-921, SDM-W-919, SDM-W-918, SDM-W-922, SDM-W-9
SDM-W-981, SDM-W-982, SDM-W-915 and SDM-W-659.
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LEGEND
QT Terrace deposits and dissected alluvium
sand and gravel of Pleistocene age.
Consisting primarily of marine and non-marine,
QaL Alluvium Deposits River, stream and valley fill composed of salt, sand, gravel and minor portions of cobbles and boulders of recent age.
A//// A//// KgR Granitic Rocks
///// Containing quartz diorite (tonalite) with minor
granodiorite and granite of Cretaceous age. m m
m
............. *....:. .............. :. :.:.I.:.: ...... .... :.:.:.. . JmV Metavolcanic Rocks ................ .................. .......... :... ........... .......... Ranging from rhyolite to andesite with minor portion of tuff layers and minor metasedimentary layers. The metavolcanics in the La Costa area are Santiago Peak Volcanics, possibly Pre-
Cretaceous age.
Tes Sandstone, Undivided
Unnamed geological units of sandstone within the La Costa Land Company's boundarys of Eocene Age.
Description of geological units taken from Weber (1958-1959).
33
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These sites, of course, encompass the total time SF
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trum from early Paleo-Indian times in San Diego County to the American Era. Many of these sites have been disturbed by land
alteration activities, others are still much as they were when aboriginal occupation occurred in the La Costa area.
4. Santiago Peak Metavolcanics. The Jurassic San- tiago Peak Metavolcanics are primarily fine-grained extrusive and intrusive igneous rocks, dirty-gray-green to dark-gray in
color and generally of andesitic composition. Locally, these rocks are more coarsely crystalline, as in the northeast cor-
ner of the property. Because of the extreme hardness of the
Black Mountain rocks in their unfractured or unweathered state,
they lack fine conchoidal properties necessary for refined stor tool work .
Santiago Peak Metavolcanics volcanics underlie the high ground in the central and eastern portions of the properti Except for the northeast portion of the site, virtually all
the hills on the property with elevations above 250 feet are
underlain by these rocks. The steep-walled San Marcos Canyon has been cut in these volcanic rocks. Where San Marcos Creek passes from sedimentary rocks into the much harder volcanic rocks, the slope of the canyon walls increases dramatically.
It is from these rocks that many of the finely-worked stone
tools present on the archaeological sites of La Costa were
manufactured. Only two sites on the La Costa property can
presently be located in this soil unit. Site SDM-W-917 (the Rancheros Road Site) is a quarry located north of the deep gorge of San Marcos Creek. Site SDM-W-943 is a flake scatter situated east of the Encinitas Ranch House. Neither of the sites were habitational in nature, but were used for the pro-
duction of artifacts. SDM-W-917 being a quarry site where
the raw materials for tool manufacture were obtained, and SDM-
W-943, a place where flakes were struck from cores. W-191 (long destroyed) seems to have been a quarry site. Site SDM-
The present Santiago Peak Metavolcanics geological unit, then, can be utilized in employing a bzsic criteria for
the absence of archaeological site sensitivity. In the areas of La Costa where this geological unit occurs, it can be ex-
pected that only a few archaeological sites will be located.
This potential for archaeological sensitivity can be modified
by the presence/absence of proximal water sources, the coverage of dense vegetation, or ground slope. In much of the area
occupied by this unit, the ground slope is greater than 15 per- cent, thereby negating suitable places for aboriginal inhabi- tation.
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I
G ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY
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1. Description. An on-foot archaeological survey of
La Costa North, comprising 900 acres in the northeast portion
of Rancho La Costa, and of the remaining 2,600 acres of land
in the eastern and southern portions of La Costa was conducted during October and November 1975 and January 1976. Prior to
field work, existing archaeological records at the San Diego Museum of Man, and San Diego State University were studied,
Additionally, published articles by Crabtree, Warren, and
True (1963), Warren (1966; 1967; 1968) and Warren, True and
Eudey (1961) were examined. All previously recorded sites were field checked and re-recorded prior to commencement of
the survey. This was undertaken to: 1) verify kh-e presence/ absence of the sites, 2) clarify the exact location of the site, 3) make a determination as to the cultural affiliation
of the site, and 4) to familiarize myself to the geography of
the subject property (Figure 4) e
Based upon previous surveys, it was believed that the most dense concentrations of sites was expected closer to
the coast and on terrace tops or near sources of water. The
earlier sites were postulated to lie at a greater distance
from current sources of potable water than the Late Prehis- toric sites. Shell middens were believed to be situated on
small knolls and terraces within one mile of Batiquitos La-
goon. Another basic hypothesis was also that although Rog- ers identified a late prehistoric component at many of the
sites within the subject property, pottery would be notably
absent from most of those sites today as a result of agricul- tural activities.
All of the La Costa property was traversed on foot
by teams of four archaeologists walking approximately 25 feet apart. Except in areas of impenetrable brush, such as near
the San Marcos Treatment Plant, and obviously along San Mar-
cos Creek gorge, all of the 3,500 acres were thoroughly sur-
veyed. Approximately 200 manhours were expended during the
survey. Following the survey, follow-up research was con-
ducted at the Serra Museum Research Library, the California
Room at the San Diego Library, the San Diego Museum of Man,
and discussions were coordinated with Nancy Leonard Farrell
and James R. Moriarty, 111, and Claude N. Warren regarding
the La Costa area.
2. Results of the Archaeological Survey. Forty-one site were identified as a result of the two surveys. Several sites
have been recorded previously by the San Diego Museum of Man, and the University of California at Los Anyeles Archaeological
Survey. The majority of the sites, however, had not been inst
tutionally recorded.
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3. Site Descriptions - La Costa North. Twenty-nine
archaeological sites were discovered during the
archaeological survey of the La Costa North properties,
Seven of these sites had been previously recorded with the
San Diego Museum of Man, one site (SDM-W-173) has been oblit-
erated as the result of land borrowing operations, and two,
W-190A and W-147A, are probably components of larger sites
or as the result of recent land-use patterns. The sites are
primarily confined to the ridges which dominate the landscape
of the La Costa North properties, but W-149 is situated on the floor of Kelly Valley.
which are separated from each- ather by topographic features
All of the sites encompass a temporal spectrum of approxi-
mately 10,000 years. Some of the sites were utilized exclu-
sively by members of the La Jolla Complex, while others were
undoubtedly occupied by the late prehistoric occupants of the
area, either the 'Iipay (formerly Northern Diegueno) as des- cribed by Hedges (1975:71-83) ! or the Luiseno (Phillips 19-75). The absence of diagnostic pottery on the surface of many sites
does not indicate that the sites were not occupied by late
prehistoric populations, only that intervening American land
alteration practices resultant from disc-harrow activities
have masked this component of the site. Very careful obser- vation discovers sherds of pottery on most of the midden-
rich sites, indicating that the sites are no doubt stratified
perhaps from La Jolla times to the late prehistoric period.
a. SDM-W-962 (LCN-1) (Figure 6). This site is a lithic
workshop consisting of approximately 250 flakes composed of
quartzitic materials, rhyolite, and metavolcanics, several
core fragments, and two scrapers in an area apprxoimately
120 feet by 120 feet. The site is situated on elevations con- tour approximately 290-300 feet, at the eastern edge of El
Camino Real, approximately 500 feet south of the northern
boundary of La Costa properties. The site is not diagnostic
as to cultural affiliation. The absence of patination on
most of the artifacts may indicate a late prehistoric use-
area, but as recently discussed by Taylor (1975) patination is area-relative and is by no means diagnostic in itself.
b. SDM-W-963 (LCN-2). This site is an aboriginal roast-
rocks in an area approximately ten feet N-S and six feet E-W.
The site is undisturbed by human agencies, yet has been
eroded due to the non-stability of the poorly sorted soil.
This roasting pit is located on a south-east sloping knoll
approximately 500 feet east of El Camino Real in an erosional
ing pit consisting of over 100 thermally-fractured quartzite
30
.iRCt A~OLOGICiT RESOLRCE
EATIQLZTOS LAGOOW AREA -
51. 1. SDY-W-914 26. SDi-612
52, 2. SDY-la-172 27. SDi-212
53. 3. bDY-W-109 28. SDi-611
4. SDM-i*1-108 29. SDi-213 5. SDM-W-110 30. SDM-i'-105 55.
6. SDM-:L'-149 31. LD1-701
7. SDH-iy-588 32. SDi-702
8. SD'.l-v?-587 33. SDi-705
9. SDW-I$-589 34. -D1-703
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swale. As with site one, it is inpossible ko assign a cul affiliation to this site other than to state roasting pits were certainly utilized by all cultures which occupied San
Diego County. A remnant stand of Yucca whipplii can be fol
approximately 100 feet west and 75 feet northeast of the s. (see Figure 6).
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C. W-964 (LCN-3) (Figure 6). This site is located ai
mately 550 feet southeast of El Camino Real on a southeast
trending slope isolated by a broken erosional swale. The SI is approximately 150 feet in a north-south direction and l!
feet in an east-west direction, encompassing approximately
square feet. It is highly likely that the topsoil the art.
facts were deposited on has been eroded away and the artifL have been secondarily deposited. Approximately 20 highly
patinated felsitic flakes (mostly light green in coloratior and 11 convex scrapers are situated within the defined limi
of the site. Stylistically, the artifacts appear to be Sar Dieguito I11 (see Warren 1964 and Xaldenberg and Ezell 1974
Several of the artifacts were collected for type site compc
son and are presently in the possession of Kaldenberg. Typ
logical analysis will be conducted on these artifacts.
d. SDM-W-965 (LCN-4). This site i.s a flaking station
with cores and flakes in the original position they were de posited in. The site is situated on a small south trending
knoll approximately 250 feet east of El Camino Real overloc
ing a dissected drainage swale. The coloration of the poor
sorted soil is 7.5 YR 5/6, Strong Brown on the Munsell Colo Chart. Within the designated site area, the survey team lo
cated one hammerstone, three core fragments, approximately twenty-five flakes (quartzite, andesite, basalt), one felsi
debitage, one denticulated scraper, one well-defined circul, elementary hearth containing 27 thermally fractured cobbles,
eight pieces of basalt debitage, several isolated cobble fri ments, and 50-60 small quartz flakes in another concentratic
approximately 30 feet northeast of the defined site area. Notably absent were shell and ceramics. Based upon the art: fact assemblages, this site is not culturally diagnostic sir
flakes, cores, hearths, and debitage can be found in any lit
cally-oriented site dating from approximately one million YE
ago. Four color photographs and four black and white photo-
graphs were taken at this site to facilitate permanent recor
ation.
e. SDM-W-914 (LCN-5) (Figure 6). This is an extensive 2
situated within a dissected drainage swale approximately 500
feet east of El Camino Real. The site has been designated as the Plastic Soldier site due to the presence of miniature army men, manufactured from plastic, situated throughout the geological dissection. The artifacts located within this si I
40
are numerous,
blades and knives to convergent and convex sidescrapers. predominant lithic material is felsite probably originating within the San Dieguito River Valley. While it is not cer- tain that the site can be attributed to the San Dieguito Phast of prehistory, based upon current supposition (Warren 1964 and Kaldenberg and Ezell 1974), the site would have to be dis, tinguished as a San Dieguito I11 tool manufacturing site.
The artifacts are scattered over an area approximately 300
feet north-south, and perhaps as much as 800 feet in an east- ern trending area.
marine terraces are beautiful examples of blades, knives,
flakes, sidescrapers, debitage, and hammerstones. Due to the extreme rarity of sites of this nature, several artifact
examples were recovered during the survey and are currently
in the possession of Kaldenberg for artifact classification. Although an estimate of number of artifacts is only approxi- mate, based upon surface field observations, approximately
that there are approximately 18,000 artifacts which can be
expected to be recovered from the surface component of the site alone. No subsurface tests were performed at the site, however, it may be that the site contains an undisturbed sub- surface component. in dating was identified during the surface investigation of
the site (see Figure 6).
They range from very finely worked bifacial
The
Eroding from the faces of the dissected
30 artifacts per each square meter can be found. This means
No organic material which would assist
f. SDM-W-966 (LCN-6) (Figure 6 ). This site is a roast-
ing pit consisting of 200-250 thermally fractured rocks.
The rocks consist of rhyolite, quartz, quartzite, granite, andesite, and sandstone, materials which are readily availabl within the immediate vicinity of the site. The hearth is
confined to an area approximately 15 feet east-west and six feet in a north-south direction. No artifacts of any categoi are associated with this feature. Topographically, the site is situated on an easterly trending ridge, approximately in
the saddle, beneath a very old individual sumac. Some of
the thermally fractured rocks have begun eroding into the dissected swale to the west. This site is similar in nature
to W-963.
g. SDM-W-967 (LCN-7) (Figure 6 )e This is another con-
centration of thermally fractured rocks and is situated on
an elevation contour 250 feet above Mean Sea Level, approxi- mately 200 feet east of LCN-6. three feet east-west and four feet in a north-south orientat. consisting of 42 medium-size quartzitic cobbles. Approximate
40 feet to the south are 25+ pieces of quartzitic aebitage ir
bedded in the underlying sandstone conglomeration. A few of
The hearth is approximately
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the debitage are non-patinated felsite materials, but these are very rare. Two color slides were taken of this site.
The hearth is culturally non-diagnostic, and it may be affili-
ated with any of the midden-bearing sites within the immediatc vicinity,
h. SDM-W-173 was described by Malcolm Rogers of the San
Diego Museum of Man as a San Dieguito 11, I11 (trace), and
Yuman I11 site. Rogers felt that the San Dieguito I1 desig-
nation was "pure" and of unusual size. A thin veneer of San
Dieguito I11 material overlapped on the south probably ori-
ably originates also.
land camp (village). Blue felsite was used almost exclusively.
Tools made up a higher proportion of the artifacts than did flakes and debitage. At the time of the recordation, Rogers
noted that the site was between 12 and 18 inches in depth. During the Kaldenberg survey of October 1975, it was noted that in the place of an archaeological site was a very large displacement of soil the result of borrowing activities. An
occasional flake of bluish felsite was noted during the survey,
but there was absolutely no concentration of aboriginal ma-
terials. not currently in existence. The information in the site rec-
ords at the Museum of Man must suffice for scientific docu-
mentation for perpetuity. There is no indication of when the
site was removed, but the vegetation is so dense that it must
have been at least five, perhaps ten years ago since the county
has been experiencing a drought for the previous 30 years and
graphs were taken of the former site.
ginating in site SDM-W-lOSI where the Yuman I11 pottery prob-
He felt that this was a permanent hiyh-
The very large village site described by Rogers is
regrowth of this type of vegetation is very slow, No photo-
i. SDM-W-109 (Figure- 6 ). According to records acquired
from the San Diego Museum of Man, Rogers felt that this site
was a San Dieguito 11, La Jolla 11, and Yuman I11 highland
winter accretion (village) camp. For the purpose of this
report, the site is divided into two discrete units, W-109 and
W-109 East. W-109 is off La Costa ownership properties, while
W-109 East transcends into the La Costa property. The western portion of the site is approximately 150 feet in north-south
orientation and 25 feet in its east-west direction. It has
been disrupted by an SDG&E transmitter line, the main Carls-
bad sewer, farming activities, and pothunting. Sometime ago,
a San Dieguito I11 crescentic was located here during power
line installation (Ezell 1972:personal communication).
The artifact assemblage includes hammerstones, cores and core fragments, flakes, tools, manos, thermally-fractured rocks, various shell fragments including Chione sp., Pecten,
Olivella biplicata, Donax gouldaii, Ostrea lurida, and Mytilus
sp. The majority of the shell appeared to be Chione and Pec-
ten. It is ?robable that this site represents a backbay
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manifestation of the Early Milling complex as it appears in
south Coastal Southern California. were taken of this site. The San Diego County Archaeological Society under the direction of Melvin Jay Hatley also mapped
the site during the end of October 1975 as a training exercis
East of the La Costa ba'rbed wire fence, the site ex-
tends to the eastern erosional swale. The primary site locus
is concentrated on contour 320 feet above Mean Sea Level.
Shellfish remains are scattered throughout this area in con- junction with artifacts and thermally-fractured stone.
shell consists of Chione and Pecten although a few fragmented portions of Ostrea lurida were also noted.
the site can only be separated from 6il-109 due to present land
site must be considered as an entity. Five color photographs
were taken of this site on October 10, 1975 and are in the
possession of the project archaeologist.
j, §DM-W-110 is one of the most impressive shell mid-
dens remaining in Coastal Southern California.
approximately 1,250 feet in its north-south orientation, and
approximately 1,500 feet in its east-west definition. It is situated between 150 and 300 feet above Mean Sea Level on a south trending ridge. site is approximately 43.044 acres of which 26.73 acres is on
La Costa properties.
this site. He concluded that the San Dieguito IT, 111, La
Jolla 111, and Yuman 111 peoples all extensively utilized the site. The site, according to Rogers, was one which manifest
permanent occupation. Unfortunately p he was never able to excavate- this site due to its continuous agricultural usage,
cal site" (Museum of Man 1974) a The-most recent cultural
deposition, the Yuman 111, has been removed by pothunters.
A series of photographs
The
This portion of
ownership. During any scientific investigation, the entire
The site is
The total area encompassed by this
Rogers was extremely impressed with
although he felt that "this was a very important archaeologi-
Three postholes were placed in this site during
October 1975 for depth determination. The site has been dis-
rupted for the first 12 centimeters, but there is no evidencc
of any greater disruption. Gladiolas still speckle the Eand- scape, evidently from the years when flower production domin- ated the economy of the site. Posthole one indicated that
the maximum depth of the site in this location was 58 centi-
meters (19 inches). Cultural materials included shell, mano fragments, flakes, and one convergent, broken sidescraper.
Posthole number two indicated that shell deposition
occurred to a depth of 40 centimeters. A rapid change in soi
color is noted at this point, when the midden is very charcoz
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gray, but the sterile underlying Torrey sandstone is a a'ight pale yellow. One piece of chalcedony debitage was recovered
from 40 centimeters of depth indicating contact with the des- ert area of Southern California (see Figure 6). I
The third posthole reached a depth of 53 centimeters
subsurface. At 17 centimeters, 32 centimeters, and 43 centi-
meters below ground surface, thermally-fractured rock was en- countered. The maximum depth the posthole reached was 57 cent
meters although sterile soil was encountered at 53 centimeters The soil concentration was determined to be moderate, con-
sisting primarily of Chione and Pecten. One thermally-frac-
tured cobble, one felsite endscraper and two pieces of debi- tage, two quartzitic flakes, and three cores were recovered
from this posthole. All specimens have been collected and
are in the possession of Kaldenberg fior additional evaluation.
Farrell (1976:16) also examined this site. She con- sidered it to exhibit an extremely high artifact density (1967:
and is "undoubtedly [a] village site." Farrell further states
that according to local informants, this site has an artifact density similar to that of W-147 (which is described as being
extremely high). The midden area of this site does not extend
west of El Camino Real, but it is presently within the roadcut
which can be easily viewed from the highway itself.
Unquestionably, this site is another very impoxtant
site which has been somewhat disrupted by agricultural activi-
ties but through excavation, and a proper research design, an
untold amount of information can be generated. Approximately 11 photographs were taken of this site. Diagnostically, the
site appears to be La Jolla, but due to the frequency of twen- tieth century agricultural enterprises, it is possible that
the site contains a substantial veneer of late prehistoric
material. Eleven potsherds of Tizon Brown Ware were identi-
fied during the field phase of the investigation.
k. SDM-W-968 (LCN-8)is a liqht shell concentration situated on contour 170-180, approximately 600 feet north of
Roston Road, approximately 200 feet northwest of La Costa Nortl-
Site 9 (see Figure 5). This site consists of a light concentrE
tion of Chione shell in an area approximately 120 feet by 120 feet. No artifacts are associated with the site.
1. SDM-W-969 (LCN-9) (Figure 6 ). This site consists of
a very light shell concentration with several potsherds of
Tizon Brown Ware present. The site is situated in a small valley at approximately 180 feet above Mean Sea Level. Geo-
graphically it is situated approximately 250 feet north of Roston Road adjacent and north of a dirt access road at the
base of a north trending ridge. It is not possible to determir I
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the maximum extent of the site since no posthole series was
conducted, but surface evidence indicates the site extends at least 60 by 60 feet or 3,600 square feet in area. This site is indicative of the local manifestation of the late prehistoric cultures as described by Rogers (1939), Kalden- berg and Ezell (1974), and Hedges (1975).
an, SDM-W-970 (LCN-10). This site is situated on an
elevation 260 feet above Mean Sea Level approximately 400 feet east of El @amino Real. The site is a well-defined
hearth, with underlying ash concentrated in an area approxi-
mately three feet by three feet or nine square feet.
mately 20 thermally-fractured rock constitute this feature.
While the site is non-diagnostic culturally, the presence of ash indicates that the site can be temporally determined by
radiocarbon dating. No shell was noted by the survey team.
Several photographs were taken for a permanent record of the
site o
Approxi-
n. SDM-W-971 (LCN-11). This site is situated on am
easterly trending knoll approximately 1,400 feet east of
the eastern boundary of the La Costa North survey area. It can also be determined by being situated approximately 1,150 feet south of the southern line of the Rancho Agua Hedionda Land Grant Boundary. This site consists of an area approxi- mately 600 feet in an easterly direction and 170 feet in a
north-south orientation. The site is situated atop a south-
west trending knoll. and contains a light scatter of Pecten sp. most of which have been disrupted by agricultural activities. Several (ten plus) flakes in a non-contiguous portion of the
site were identified by the surveyors as well as many ther- mally-fractured rocks. No photographs were taken since there is nothing which will photograph in an indicative manner, The site is, of course non-diagnostic. No postholes were
excavated at this site due to time constraints imposed by
the survey and the absence of any indicative material which would suggest that a posthole series wDuld prove fruitful,
No midden is present at the site.
0. SDM-W-972 (LCN-12)(Figure 6 ). This site consists of
a light shell scatter (primarily ) approximately 200 feet southwest of the northern portion of Rosten Road on the steep east trending slopes east of the eastern portion of
SDM-W-110. The site can be situated on contour elevations
150-170 above Mean Sea Level. The dimensions of the site
are approximately 130 feet north-south, and 130 feet in an east-west direction. Several flakes, fourteen mano fragments and one fragment of Tizon Brown Ware were identified at this site. Culturally this site is probably affiliated with W-110 although the ceramics indicate that this area was utilized by late prehistoric peoples.
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p. SDM-W-973 (LCN-13) (Figuke 6 )a ThPs site is situated immediately south of ~ostsrr Road in the side of a small knoll.
The contour elevation of the site ranges from 110-130 feet
above Mean Sea Level. The site consists of a very deep shell
midden situated on a 30 foot high knoll situated south of §DM-W-149, A power pole is located on top of the knoll in
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the approximate center of the site. The site is approximate11
150 feet north-south and approximately 100 feet in an east-
west direction. Results from one posthole indicates that
the site is at the maximum five feet in depth. Artifacts in-
clude thermally-fractured rock an$ many flakes. Prior to the completion of Roston Road, it is probable that this site con-
nected to SDM-149 immediately to the north. The roadway and
perhaps agricultural activities have interrupted the conti- nuity of these sites.
photographs were taken of the site. The soil is very dark,
q. §DM-W-974 (LCN-14). This site is situated immedi-
Four slides and two black and white I clayey sand.
ately east of the Roston residence, on the eastern side of
Kelly Valley. The site is approximately 180 feet in a north- south direction and 100 feet east-west. Throughout the site
flakes, metate fragments, manos, and many undesignated tools
can be found. The site also contains a shell veneer of Chionc and Pectens. Due to the absence of ceramics, it is assumed
that this site was once the locus for a La Jolla Complex en-
campment. During the 1930s, an intermittent creek dissected
the southern portion of this site and flowed into San Marcos
Creek and eventually emptied into Batiquitos Lagoon. Due to
the drop in ground water levels, the creek no longer flows
except during periods of excessive precipitation when it car-
ries rainfall down its channel into Kelly Valley where it
generally ponds in the lowlands,
r. SDM-W-975 (LCN-15). This site is a very dense shell concentration situated on an east facing knoll approximately
200 feet east of the furthest boundary of SDM-W-110. The sit( is primarily concentrated on contour elevation 200 although
it does transcend to contour 180 at its easternmost terminus.
The area of the site is approximately 200 feet east-west and
60 feet north-south (one-quarter acre). Artifacts scattered
ments, 45 flakes, three tools, eight manos, and many Chione
and Pecten fragments. This site may have been recorded by
Rogers as a portion of W-149, but due to current and recent land uses, is topographically distinct.
throughout the area include three hamerstones, six core frag.
s. SDM-W-976 (LCN-16) (Figure 6 ). This site consists of a light shell scatter approximately 650 feet south of Ros- ton Road and 350 feet northeast of the SDG&E easment on a
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southeast trending slope. The site is really an isolated portion of SDM-W-110, but it is distinguished due to the ab-
sence of any midden materials or artifacts.
centrated on elevation 80-90 feet above Mean Sea Level.
The site is con-
t. SDM-W-977 (LCN-17). This site is probably a portion of §DM-W-976 or W-190, but is distinguished by current land use patterns, approximately 400 feet north-south and 600 feet in an east-
west trend, Several farm buildings including a barn and farm-
hand residences are situated throughout the site. Scattered
throughout the orchards and open space area are several frag- ments of Chione, Pecten, and stone tools including manos,
flakes, andthermally-fractured rocks.
W-977 consists of an area of midden deposition
u. SDM-W-978 (LCN-18). This site is situated on the
northeast side of W-147 in a dirt road cut approximately two hundred feet south of the SDG&E power line easement. There is no apparent depth of midden. The s,te is probably 100 feet
in a north and south direction and 40 feet east-west, but
due to alterations of the site caused by SDG&E, it is impos- sible to tell the exact extent of the site. One hammerstone, two core fragments, six flakes, one metate fragment, two mano
fragments, 12 thermally-fractured rocks, and one pushplane
were recorded at this site. One of the mano fragments was
unifacial in morphology.
recovered. It can be speculated that this site was considered
by Rogers to be a portion of W-147 (Figure 6).
No other diagnostic artifacts were
v* SDM-W-979 (LCN-19) (Figure 6 )* W-979 is situated
at contour 250-260, atop a prominent, wide hilltop in the southeast area of La Costa North. The site is located approxi
mately 1,000 feet west of the eastern boundary of La Costa
North, 500 feet northeast of the SDG&E easment. The site con-
sists of a very light shell scatter with some lithic debris
over an area approximately 350 feet by 200 feet. No diagnos- tic artifacts were located at this site.
w. SDM-W-980 (LCN-20) (Figurad6 ). This site is situate
immediately north of Alga Road approximately 1,000 feet east
of El Camino Real on the most prominent knoll overlooking the
marshy southern portion of Kelly Valley.
several isolated tools including flakes and scrapers situated
it is impossible to assign this site an areal dimension. It should be noted, though, that no surface collection was made
since the entire site would have been haphazardly collected
without a map indicating the relevant information. The site
contains no subsurface depth.
The site consists of
on the promontory of the knoll. Due to the scatter of artifac
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x. SDM-W-147 was recorded by Rogers during the later
portions of the 1920s or the early years of the 1930s. He
La Jolla 11, and Yuan I11 occupation, although permanent
occupation was conducted by the Yuman I11 ('Iilpa) group sf
the Kumeyaay. Rogers also felt that this site was a continu-
ation of W-110 to the north, but the drastic change in midden
and shell concentration indicates that the occupation at this site was indeed temporally distinct. Farrell considered the
site to be a shell midden 300 by 450 feet in area with a depth
of at least 1.5 feet. She stated that "The entire site has
been cultivated, but has been disturbed up to eight inches.
The site exhibits an extremely high density of artifacts:
manos, mano fragments, metate fragments, mortar rim frag-
ments, cores, choppers, flakes, flake scrapers, and hammer-
stones. Also observed was a white quartz concave base pro-
jectile point. The site does not extend to the west side of
El Camino Real" (Farrell 1976:16). During the RECON survey,
it was observed that the site area was approximately 700 feet in a north-south direction and 650 feet east-west. The depth
meters (1.3 feet) (see Figure 6).
felt that this site contained evidence of San Dieguito 11,
of the deposition seemed to average approximately 40 centi-
Cultivation dominated the flatlands of the site, but
the site is currently fallow. It appeared as if the surface
of the site had been recently brushed due to the two to three
inch furrows throughout the site. No notable erosional
activities had occurred at the site.
Two postholes excavated in a haphazard manner at
the site revealed that shell appeared down to 30 centimeters.
The area was then underlain by the underlying Torrey Sandstone
deposit at approximately 40 centimeters. The Munsell soil
color was 7.5 YR 5/2. Further toward the northeastern portion
of the site, approximately 40 feet west of the barbed wire
fence line which demarks La Costa property, another posthole
was excavated which indicated that the site extended to a dept of 49 centimeters. polynices, Chione, Pecten, and Razor clam. Many pieces of
thermally-fractured rocks and several mano fragments were ex-
Shell recovered in this posthole included
I tracted from the posthole.
Three bifacial, shaped manos, one unifacial chopper,
two felsitic convergent sidescrapers, and 67 flakes were re-
covered from the site for diagnosis at the laboratory. All
of the artifacts were returned to the site during the latter part of November 1975 and were randomly scattered.
y. SDM-W-147A. This site is situated south of W-147, being bounded by Alga Road on the south, El Camino Real on
the West and W-147 on the north. The site is situated with-
in a plowed field encompassing the elevation contours of 150-
170 feet above Mean Sea Level. separate locus of W-147. It begins approximately 50 feet ear of El Camino Real and 100 feet south of W-147. The site en- compasses approximately 200 feet in a north-south orientatioi
and 150 feet in an east-west orientation. Although the site
has been disrupted by twentieth century bean cultivation (sw Rogers' fieldnotes), it has not been disrupted below ten in-
ches subsurface. The site is approximately 40 centimeters
in depth. Artifacts encountered during the survey include four hammerstones, 100+ flakes, 35 manos, 68+ thermally-frac
tured rocks, and 600 whole speciaens of Chione, Pecten, and
Tagelus sp. It is assumed that the site represents the La Jolla Complex since no aboriginal ceramics were detected.
It should be noted that most of the site is situated off of
the La Costa property (see Fi'gure 6) a
This site appears to b@ a
2. SDM-W-190 and SDM-W-190A. Rogers felt that
Complexes as manifest in Coastal San Diego County. Rogers
further stated that the site has only a slight trace of La Jolla occupancy. Most of the site, he felt, had been destro by farming. Typical artifacts included manos, metatest and
mortars, reported by residents of the Kelly Ranch, The RECO
survey identified two separate loci, both rapproximately the same distance in area and both being minimally disrupted by agricultural activities. The sites are situated on the west trending knoll on the east side of Kelly Valley approximatel
100-160 feet above Mean Sea Level. The portion of the site Rogers may have been describing may have been situated on
the valley floor, in an area which has seen intensive agri- cultural cultivation. During the years prior to the lowerin
of the water table due to urban and agricultural necessity, a small intermittent spring flowed from a drainage swale ap-
proximately 100 feet south of the site. The creek bed is
currently dry except during times of precipitation.
these two sites represented the La Jslla 11 and Yuman 111
W-190 is situated on elevation 160 above Mean §ea Level approximately 100 feet east of site 190.A. A wooden water tank is located at the southeastern corner of the site
a dirt road traverses the entire length of the site. The
soil is very dark with a low content of shell. Several flaE
scrapers, manos, thermally-fractured rocks, and specimens of whole and fragmented shell were recovered from this locatior
No surface collections were made. One posthole reached the depth of 66 centimeters and did not obtain sterile subsoil.
The soil is very clayey and is not conducive to manual post-
holing; therefore the posthole was discontinued after 66 cer timeters,
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W-1908 is surrounded on the west and north by a grove
of Eucalyptus trees. Some evidence of disc-harrowing is present in the western portions of the site. The area of
this site locus is approximately 100 feet east-west and 75
feet north-south, Typical surface artifacts included flakes,
debitage, mano fragments, thermally-fractured rocks, and var- ious shellfish remains including Chione, Pecten, and Polynices
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Although Rogers noted that the site contained evi- dence suggestive of a pottery-bearing strata, the surface of
the site was completely devoid of any aboriginal ceramics.
Unquestionably, the ceramics were either collected in their
entirety by Rogers or have been removed by artifact collec-
tors throughout the 40 ensuing years of artifact hunting. In any event, it is not possible, based upon current surface in-
dications to suggest that the site is a manifestation of the late prehistoric culture (see Figure 6)
aa. SDM-W-149 (Figure 6 ). This site occupies a massive
portion of the portion of Kelly Valley north of Roston Road, bounded by the gently rising ridges on the,west, a dirt farm
equipment access road on the east, and fading into untended
agricultural fields in the north. The site is primarily situ-
ated on contour 100. It extends nearly 700 feet in a north- ern direction from Roston Road and is approximately 450 feet in width at its maximum distance. The site consists of a very
heavy shell concentration with a concentration of tools scat-
tered over a widely dispersed area in the lowest portions of
the site. Tools outnumber flakes approximately five to one.
Artifacts identified on the site included five ham-
merstones, numerous cores, several flakes, 17 manos, two fel-
rocks. Shell fragments included fragments of Donax gouldaii,
Chione, Pecten,, Mytilus, Ostrea lurida, Astraea, sp. and Poly-
nices sp. Two postholes were conducted at the site which
indicated the maximum depth of the site contained a maximum depth of 64 centimeters prior to reaching the sterile under- lying sandstone. From the postholes we obtained one large pushplane at 35 centimeters subsurface, and a layer of hearth-
stones and manos at 40 centimeters subsurface.
site knife bases, and literally dozens of thermally-fractured
1
Rogers felt that this site consisted of a La Jolla I1 level of occupation, Yuman 111, and possibly Luiseno. The late prehistoric veneer was concentrated on the valley floor. In the fieldnotes from the Museum of Man, Rogers indicated
that in the early 1930's, ranchers digging a well, reported
finding ash lenses and Torrey Pine cones at a considerable depth under the valley floor. Based upon current and past
recordation, it appears as if this site was a very extensive I village site. Most of the surface ceramics have undoubtedly
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been carried off by pothunters, ranch hands, or have been
churned under the surface of the site. This is one of the most impressive sites remaining in coastal San Diego County, and should be excavated over a long period of time, with a
well-defined research design.
bb. SDM-W-588 is probably a La JolPa Complex site, super- fical in nature, situated on a long, westerly trending ridge
at approximately 300 feet of elevation, one-quarter mile
east of W-149. This site was radiocarbon dated by the Uni-
versity of California at Riverside, C14 laboratory. A date of 4750i50 B.P. was obtained from the site, indicating a definitive affinity with the La Jolla Complex. The site
has no subsurface component on the La Costa Properties, but east of the La Costa North fence line, the site has approxi-
mately 30 centimeters of depth. It was from this area that the C14 sample was taken. No agricultural activities have
been conducted in this area of the site,
Artifacts found throughout the site indicate manos, thermally-fractured rocks, metate fragments, andesitic core fragments, flakes, and shell fragments, primarily FeGten, While the site encompasses approximately 1,400 feet in a
westerly trend and 300 feet in a north-south width, the arti- facts are so scattered that the site is only definable by the presence of individual artifacts, not clusters of artifac- tual materials. Undoubtedly, this site was only utilized as a seasonal camp and not as a village. The nearest water
would have flowed from Rancho de 10s Quiotes into Kelly Val-
ley, thence into San Marcos Creek and Batiquitos Lagoon. The situation of a village site in proximity to the source of fresh water would be much more logical than on top of a
wind-swept, clayey ridge lacking raw materials for artifact manufacture, water and good visibility.
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4. La Costa Master Survey Area. (The Northern, Eastern, and Northeastern and Southern Portions of La Costa
Property). This survey was conducted during December 1975 and
January 1976. Twelve archaeological sites were discovered as
a result of the La Costa Master Archaeological Survey, ten of which had been either previously unrecorded or had been
assigned an area number such as site W-182 which is actually a series of various site loci. Though all of the sites rank
in various degrees of significance, all are important for the total understanding of the prehistory of one of the most sig- nificant archaeological regions in California--the Batiquitos-
?.rua Hedionda archaeological area.
a. SDM-W-915 (La Costa Master Survey Site
No. 2: The Carrillo Ranch Site).
This site is located in the Southwest Quarter of the Nor1 west Quarter of the Southeast Quarter of Section 19. Most of
the site is situated on thc Carrillo Ranch (Rancho de 10s Qui-
otes--the ranch of the daggers). Only a thin strip, approxi- mately 1.5 meters meters wide, protrudes into La Costa proper1
since the remainder of the site has been removed as the resuli of a borrow pit.
Vegetation on the site includes Toyon, Sage, and various
other members of the Coastal Sage Community. The profile of
the site is revealed in the borrow cut south of Carrillo
property. from 30 to 100 centimeters in depth.
The midden which is a very dark brown color ranges
The artifacts include highly patinated felsite scrapers and flakes, basalt debitage, and one broken blade fragment.
Notably, no ceramics were observed. On January 23, 1976, a radiocarbon sample was taken from 0.30 centimeters of depth from the southerly exposed borrow cut. A radiocarbon date of
6880k280 radiocarbon years ago: 4930 B.C, (UCR-434) was obtaii on the shell submitted to the University of California at Riverside. This date chronologically places the site near the beginning of the La Jolla Complex as it is known in San
Diego County.
Counted artifacts include 40+ flakes and debitage, 12 scrl
pers, one blade fragment, and many oyster, Chione, and Pecten
shells, The artifacts at this site bear a remarkable resem-
blance to those at W-624 (Rancho Del Mar) where we were unabl
to obtain a radioaarbon date due to the absence of organic ma
ter, The total surface area of the site is approximately one acres
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b. SDM-W-659 (La Costa Master Survey Site No. 3: The San Marcos Park Site).
This very important late prehistoric site is situated nort east of the San Marcos Creek Monitoring Station in the South-
east Quarter of the Northeast Quarter of Section 30 at 350
feet above Mean Sea Level.
one-half acre of area.
The site encompasses approximatelq
The site is situated on an east trending knoll overlookinc
San Marcos Creek. The knoll is dominated by a series of granc
hunting has disrupted approximately five percent of the midder
area of the site. Based upon sidewall exposures in the pot-
hunter pits, the depth of midden is approximately 30 centimete
dioritic outcroppings which were used for food processing, PC
Artifacts included:
40f flakes and debitage, many of which were quartz i te
2 scrapers
2 portable metates
1 pestle fragment
2 ceramic fragments
10 mano fragments
Immovable artifacts included one stone-walled circular en- closure, one stone wall, round and ovoid milling basins, one
bedrock mortar, and several flat grinding slicks. It should
be noted that this is the only milling stone station on La Cos
ta properties.
including Coastal Sage Scrub and a riparian habitat located along San Marcos Creek approximately one-fourth mile to the south. The soil on the site is primarily decomposed granite and very fine-grained alluvial soils. The soil color is light
tan.
Visibility of the features is hampered by dense vegetation
c. SDM-W-917 (La Costa Master Survey Site
No. 4: The Ranchero Road Site).
This site is a very extensive quarry, encompassing perhaps ten acres on the western slope of an unnamed hill overlooking
the gorge of San Marcos Creek. SDM-W-917 is situated in the
Northwest Quarter of the Southeast Quarter of Section 30 at
500-525 feet above Mean Sea Level. The exposed portion of the
east-west. A numerous scattering of flakes, cores, and core
tools was located in an area of exposed metavolcanic materials
site extends approximately 100 meters north-south and 60 meter
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A jeep trail dissects the eastern portion of the site and
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a bulldozer cut exposed the central portion of the site.
Without the assistance of the bulldozer cut, the site would
have remained unexposed.
Artifacts include: Hammerstones, 10+ cores, 200 flakes
in one ten meter grid, 10+ scrapers, 10+ typological blades,
2 bifaces, and 2 preforms. All of the artifacts were highly
oxidized to a rust color which may indicate great age (Paleo-
Indian?). Vegetation on the site is very dense, consisting
primarily of mixed Coastal Sage Scrub and Chaparral communi-
ties. The most predominant plants are Sumac, Toyon, and Buck-. wheat. Several individual Manzanita also grow on the site.
The soil of the site grades from tan to rust colored to
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Surface indications suggest the site underlies approxi-
mately ten centimeters of topsoil.
d. SDM-Fa-918 (La Costa Master Survey Site No. 5,
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This site appears to be a locus of site W-182. It is situated in an eroded area 5,000 feet east of the junction of Encinitas Creek and an unnamed tributary. The knoll is
due south of the intersection of Segoria Way and Garbacho Streel
Topographically, the site is situated 240 feet above Mean Sea
Level. W-918 is situated in the Northwest Quarter of Section 1
SDM-W-918 appears to be a single aboriginal hearth. In
association with this hearth, several artifacts were identified
No shell was found and no evidence of a subsurface component
was present. Mitigation of this resource would entail the
preparation of a detailed map of the area, and excavation of
the hearth area.
e. SDM-W-919 (La Costa Master Survey Site No. 7
This site is situated in the Northwest Quarter of Section
One approximately 400 feet south of SDM-W-918 at between 250
from 30 to 60 centimeters in depth. The site is approximately
100 feet north-south and 50 feet east-west. Artifacts include
an uncounted number of cores, flakes, pushplanes, scrapers and
Chione shell. Most of the vegetation on the site consists
of intrusive grasses. A C14 date of 8160 B.P. was obtained from this site.
and 275 feet above Mean Sea Level. Midden at the site ranges
The soil color is a dark brown, 5 YR 3/2 on the Munsell
Soil Color Chart. It is probable that this site represents
the remains of a La Jolla Complex village which is undoubtedly
associated with SDM-W-182 to the south.
f. SDM-W-182 (La Costa Master Survey Sits No. I
The Encinitas Grant Plateau Site) .
In light of this survey, an additional investigation step
was engineered by Mr. Charles S, Bull on this site. Mr. Bull
supervised a series of posthole tests along the northeast/soutl
west axis of the site in an attempt to delimit subsurface depol
By examining the results of this posthole test, he was able to delineate three areas with definite subsurface material. The
majority of the area I have described appears to be surface in nature, with artifact materials ranging from high surface concentrations to very light surface areas.
A total of l9 postholes was excavated during the course of this test. The information recovered was recorded on Post- hole Test Data Sheets, and information regarding the concentra- tion of associated surface materials, soil coloration, and evaluations of the surrounding area were made. The table indi- cates the Munsell Soil colors as they were identified for the
excavated postholes.
No artifacts were found in any of the postholes. Three
areas, however, appeared from the soil color and surrounding
deposits to be probable midden areas. Postholes No. 1, 11@,
11~, and 11H all seem to contain midden soil, The remainder of the postholes lacked the necessary dark soil, and surface and subsurface artifacts to indicate subsurface deposition. By relating the soil coloration and the surface manifestations the three probable midden areas were delineated. By visual
examination of surface material, two areas of significant sur-
face concentration, but seemingly without depth, were also identified.
As a result of this additional evidence, it is possible to refine the measures necessary for mitigating this valuable resource. Test excavations need to be accomplished at SDM-W-11
in those areas which have a good possibility of subsurface ma-
terial. This would involve the execution of a posthole test
(2.5 percent in the case of Area 1). Posthole tests indicate be accomplished in those areas of high surface concentration
to insure if midden is present or absent. Mr. Bull feels,
however, that it is unlikely that such tests will prove ro- ductive. He does suggest that a surface map be produced for
within each areap and the excavation of at Least five percent
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the entire site area and a comprehensive report of the results be produced in a professional manner by an archaeologist quali-
fied to be in the Society for California Archaeology's Director
Prior to further investigations, Mr. Bull feels it is
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impossible to state exactly how much work will be necessary to mitigate the areas with apparent depth. Area 1 appears to
be of limited subsurface potential, while Areas 2 and 3 should
require more than the minimum five percent test to mitigate.
Area 3 is by far the most important aspect of this resource.
It is rich in midden and contains a wide variety of flaked
and ground lithic artifacts.
This site occupies an east-west trending ridge north of
and adjacent to Rancho Santa Fe Road. Elevations at the site range from 180-200 feet above Mean Sea Level. The site is
dissected by gullys, small washes, and rivits which drain in-
to Encinitas Creek approximately three-quarter miles east.
Portions of the site have been eroded by natural agencies.
agricultural disturbance but the great depth of the site (1-
3 meters) indicates the site has probably suffered only mini- mal disturbances.
Aerial photographs indicate that the site area has undergone
The artifacts discovered on the site includes 10+ hammer-
stones, 10+ cores, ZOO+ flakes and pieces of debitage, 10+ scrapers, 1 blake, manufactured from metavolcanic material,
1 projectile point, 10+ thermally-fractured, and an uncount-
able amount of shells. Rogers considered this to be one of
the most extensive site localities in San biego County. He collected eight ceramic fragments, two pieces of obsidian, one chalcedony convex base blade, and one concave base slate
blade from the site (SDM-1963-1056).
No ceramic fragments were noted during our survey. Rogers
considered this site to contain materials which indicated people of the San Dieguito I1 and 111, La Jolla I1 and Yuman
I11 Complexes used the site.
Shells include Chione, Pecten, Ostrea lurida, Astraea sp.,
Tagelus sp., Donax gouldaii, and other fragmentary shell re- mains. A shell sample for a radiocarbon date was collected from this site. The sample has been forwarded to the radio-
carbon laboratory at the University of California at Riverside.
g. SDM-W-920 (La Costa Master Survey Site No. 9
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This is a small site located approximately 200 feet west
of W-182. The site is situated on a small drainage swale north of the intersection of Olivenhain and Rancho Santa Fe
Road (approximately 500 feet). The contour elevation is 160
feet above Mean Sea Level.
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’ -The area of the site encompasses 40 meters north-south
and ten meters east-west. Some damage from agricultural en-
terprise is noted. No artifacts were noted on the surface, however many various shells were scattered throughout the
area, It is possible that this site represents geological
redeposition from a site which was once located on a higher
ridge to the north. The soil is a light tan in color.
h. SDM-W-921 (Ea Costa Master Survey Site No.
This La Jolla Complex site is located on contour 1168 feet
above Mean Sea Level approximately 50 feet above Olivenhain
Road, 500 feet south of its intersection with Rancho Santa
Fe Road. Surface scatter indicates that the site is approxi- mately 60 meters north-south and 30 meters east-west. The site has no apparent depth. Flakes and shell are scattered
over a small knoll, but they lack the density which was noted
at W-182. The site appears to have been brushed sometime in
the past, probably in canjunction with agricultural activity, Several erosion control ditches are located in the southern
portion of the site.
Surface artifacts include one hammerstone, two cores, 30
flakes, two manos, and ten thermally-fractured rocks.
This site may have been a portion of W-48 or W-182. Mitigation can be achieved by surface mapping. The soil of
the site is a light yellow-brown with broken she11 fragments scattered throughout. In 1974, Rose Noble (Tyson) recovered a human burial from an erosional cut to the northeast of the
site.
i. SDM-W-922 (La Costa Master Survey Site No.
This site is located at the second knoll east of El Camint
Rea1 at 175 feet above Mean Sea Level. The area of the site
is approximately 30 meters in diameter. Much of the site ap-
pears to have been destroyed by construction activities. The remaining site appears to be a deep shell midden although no
flakes, one scraper, one portable metate, six mano fragments, one chopper and many Chione and Pecten shells.
postholing was conducted. The surface yielded one core, ten
The soil is a very dark-brown in color, mixed with shell
j. SDM-W-923 (La Costa Master Survey Site No.
and artifacts.
This site was originally noted by Ron May in 1972 and
recorded as La Costa Site 2. May considered this site to be
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a La Jolla Complex site of minor archaeological importance
(1972). The site is situated on the southwest corner of a ridge paralleling Green Valley at 140-176 feet above Mean Sea Level. An SDG&E power line easement dissects the site.
One excavated posthole indicates the site is in excess
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of SO centimeters of depth. Chione and Pecten shell are scattered throughout an area approximately 40 meters east- west and twenty meters north-south. Two cores, ten flakes,
five mano fragments and two thermally-fractured rocks were
located on the site. This site may have been plowed for agricultural purposes; it seems to be disturbed on the surface
to a great extent, but it is impossible to gauge its subsur- 1 face disturbance.
k. SDM-W-981 (La CsstaMaster Survey Site No. 11
This site is a small shell and artifact scatter located atop a northwest trending knoll. The site is probably re-
lated to SDM-W-182. May (1972:39) says he placed a test pit
"at this San Dieguito I11 site...whieh showed that the site did not extend below the surface." Based upon our one postho.
the site has 30 centimeters of depth and is not a San Dieguitc
I11 but a La Jolla Complex site.
A reexamination of SDM-W-981 by Charles S. Bull revealed
that the area has been graded. The remains of the site consi.
of a few flakes scattered over a knoll area. There is no indi cation of midden nor any evidence of a non-disturbed componenl
As such, no recommendation of further mitigating measures can be made. The location of the site will serve as the only mitj gation necessary. 1 1. SDM-W-982 (La Costa Master Survey Site NO. 1
This site is located on a knoll northeast of the inter- section of El Camino Real and Olivenhain Road at 125-130 feet
above Mean Sea Level. The site is located on property owned
by the Ayers family. The site is a cobble and flake scatter,
surface in nature, and is probably a specialized food process
ing or procurement area. While it is possible that Yucca sp. was processed here or obtained here, the absence of a subsur-
face component may preclude any but a remote possibility that
this site can be used to make such a determination, Several
utilized flakes and thermally-fractured cobbles may be found
scattered in an area roughly 40 by 60 feet in dimension.
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The vegetation on the site consists of a well developed stand of Sage, Chamise and Yucca whipplei. Several pushplan
and heavy duty chopping tools were found at the site. Since
the site is surface in nature, no excavation is necessary,
but since it is surface, it is very fragile and can be des- troyed by foot traffic,
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H. CRITERIA FOR CULTURAL RESBUXCE ASSESSMENT
All of the archaeological resources discovered during
the intensive survey of La Costa are limited fragile and non-
renewable components of the unwritten history of California.
In assessing such resources it is often extremely difficult
to place a scientific value on the site. Archaeologists
in various sections of the United States feel that between
50 and 100 percent excavation may be necessary prior to de-
termining that any one site has been mitigated. This is but one reason that preservation and project design are generally
archaeologists who have been schooled in the private sector
believe that with the proper approach the information gained from only a five to 15 percent excavation far exceeds the ex- pectations demanded by the preservationists. I feel that a
ten to fifteen percent excavation can more than mitigate the impact to any given archaeological site depending upon the research problems to be Studied by the project archaeologist
and the general competency of the archaeologist undertaking
the excavation, With current population and housing pressure: in San Die30 County, and tax assessment based upon "highest and best use of land," the best and most economic use of some
land is fo.r urban (suburban) development. While some sites
will be destroyed as a result of the La Costa development,
the increased knowledge of our past as provided through ex-
cavation, if conducted in a scientific manner, will benefit the residents of Carlsbad, California, and the scientific
community.
preferable to salvage excavation. On the other hand, many
In order to scientifically rank the significance of vari- ous archaeological resources, I established criteria in 1975
in a paper delivered to the 1975 Society for California Ar- chaeological Convention. My ideas have changed somewhat sinct then, but my criteria remain essentially unchanged. I believt
that all sites are significant manifestations of past human
behavior, however criteria must be established and uniformly
employed which distinguish between isolated artifacts which
are meaningless and sites which have potential for answering some of the unanswered questions of the past.
Criteria for sites discovered on the La Costa survey are as follows:
STANDARDS FOR DETERMINING SITE SIGNIFICANCE
1, Major. An archaeological or historic site will be
classified as major if it has an estimated age greater than
50 years and one or more of the following characteristics:
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a) midden deposits
b) midden materials which have internal continuit] c) surface material which is Concentrated in a
d) surface and/or midden material which is rare 01
defined area
uncommon in nature.
If a site is found to be major, any one sf the fsllc
ing mitigation measures is in order:
a) stabilization and/or preservation if land dis-
b) mapping and collection of all surface materials
c) minor subsurface investigation if midden mater-
d) a five percent subsurface test if the midden
ruption is not necessary
if no midden deposits are present
ial is present
from the minor investigation demonstrates in-
ternal continuity e) salvage excavation of between five and fifteen percent of the site volume if none of the
above measures achieves mitigation.
In all of the above cases, a report should be pre- pared for the public record.
2. Moderate. An archaeological or historic site will
be classified as moderate if it has an estimated age greater than 50 years and one or more of the following characteris- tics:
a) midden deposits which have been partially dis-
rupted
b) midden deposits which have internal continuity
but a portion of which has been altered
c) surface material which is not concentrated in
a defined area yet is present over a wide, con-
tiguous area
d) surface and/or midden which is rare or uncommor in nature.
If a site is found to be of moderate significance, any one of the following mitigation measures is in order:
a) a systematic radial posthole series for
b) mapping and collection of all surface materials
c) minor subsurface investigation if midden ma-
subsurface determination
and subsurface materials
terial is present
61
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d) a five percent subsurface test if the midden
from the minor investigation demonstrates in- ternal continuity salvage excavation of between five and fifteen percent of the site volume if none of the above measures achieves mitigation.
3)
In all of the above cases, a zepor-t should be pire-
pared for.the public record.
classified as minor if it has an estimated age of greater than
50 years and one or more of the following characteristics:
3. Minor. An archaeological or historical site will be
a) no midden deposits
b) midden material without internal. continuity c) no concentration of surface materials within
A minor site may require any one of the following
a defined area.
1 mitigation measures:
a) record the site area with a local museum or
institution the site must be located on the tentative project map and a U.S.G.S, Topographic Survey
Map a report should be prepared for the public
record.
b)
c)
Mitigation of a minor site can usually be achieved
during the course of the original archaeological survey.
4. Insignificant. An archaeological or historic site will be classified as insignificant if it has an estimated
age of greater than 60 years but one or more of the follow- ing is the case:
a) the material remains display neither qualitativc nor quantitative value
b) the Museum of Man refuses to assign a site num-
ber to the site or site areas
c) the materials located seem to represent dis- placed or isolated artifacts or cultural ma-
terials without context.
62
Mitigation can be achieved by the following:
a) locating the area on a project map
b) describing the area within the archaeological section of the Draft Environmental Impact
Report.
Mitigation measures can usually be achieved during the course sf the archaeological survey,
63
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I. MITIGATION
Mitigation fox all sites ideally integrates preservation
with 'zes-ting and excavation progrms, FormuPations for a mit gatisn progran should follow those criteria discussed withic
Section H. A11 sites are r-ated in levels sf significance
bzsed upon criteria established dfi Seetian 3 and appropriate
XieaSUrSEi Eire Sf2-C fUr-kk ill TabLe 3, WhiCh fOlLQWS.
I 64
.
. -.
TABLE 3
pxrs $:QXIXCMC~ AND SUGGRSTDD nI?xca?im W~RKS roa LI COSTA LYD mmm
Ute mnln-r #itmil I~JM nitiqatim rroubrJ TJW or aitm
lolw (indirui impact midden L. sm-U-11s *. jor
a. sp*-y-c5* ). jor ?ronrrmtimn only Pottaq. mlddmn*
only)
,tncturc
3. SDI-U-117 uior Kxcavatlon b mapping Ouarrl
6. SDI(-O-WI *ant Yidden mlnor none (Grad@&
Mappimq s colloctinp Cobble and flab 5. smwTwa major
6. sa-u-922 IOdereCa POEthOh 8et'iES Sholl
1. SDII-Y-Yl3 Roderato Posthole serirs, test she11
0. sm-u-gw
uatter
Test excavation niddcn
excevarionlyrcseNJtion Uidden
Ra jor Excava:ion/Surface uap Deflated Hearth
Shell midden Lithic Scatter Excavation 1. SCU-Y-919* m jor
IO. SM-Y-ld2. llm jor Salvage excavation or Shell midden; exton- preeervatlon t1VC artifact scat- ter, human remains reported.
none Shell redeposition
Radial posthole series Shell midden: dis- Test wtcavation rupted by agricul-
11. SC+l-W-920* Rdnor
IZ. SDn-N-921. madcrate
ture
If. SON-W-962 Moderate Happing and surface Surface lithic site
14. SM-N-963 nc4er.t. Mapping end 100% er- Yucca(?) Roasting
IS. SDH-N-964 UhOr None (collected-1975) Surface scatter
collecting
cavation pie
Happing, ovcrhearl pho- . Intact flaking 16. SDR-U-965 )(a)OC tcqraphy test units stating
17. SDN-U-914 mjor Excavation and surface Deflated workshop mapping as a research on a qravel terrace
project
18. So#-N-966 Winor napping: 100% excavation Scatterad Roasting
19. SDX-W-967 Ninor napping: 1001 excavation Scattered hearth
20. SDM-Y-173 Insignificant Disrupted by previous borrowing activities1
21. SDn-w-109 Uoderate (Por- Posthole series; test Shellfish midden
22. SDH-w-I10 major Salvage excavation and/or Shell midden sur- total or partial preser- face *?tifacts
pit
Site not present
tion on La Costa) excavation
vation
Insignificant None-mitigatcd Light surface shell scatter 23. SDn-W-968
24. SDH-W-963 Ninor Posthole series; test ex- Shell scattcri cawation ceramic scatter
25. SDN-W-970 Minor Mapping and excavation Hearth with ash
26. SDH-W-971 Inoiqnificent None-mitigated Discontinuous flake
27. 3M-W-972 NlnoC Posthole aeries Light shell scat-
28. SDn-Y-973 Ha jor Test excavation: preser- Shell midden
29. SDN-U-174 Noderate Test excavation; posthole Some shell midden
30. SM-Y-975 ncderate Posthole series shell and artifact
31. SOU-W-976 xn.igiriCism+ ..None: mitigated Shell SCCIC~~T
32. 5DM-U-977 werate Posthole series. test Midden, light .hell
33. SDI-Y-en . warate Posthole series; surface Surface shell and
34. SDN-u-979 Insignificant None; mitigated Surface lithic.
Insignificant None; mitiqated Surface lithic. 35. SDN-W-980
36. SDU-Y-1471 Uajor Test excavation/salvaqe Shell midden
37. SDN-U-1478
38. SDM-U-148 Najor salvage ercwation/pres- Shell midden
39. SW-Y-190 )(a jor Salvage excavation/pres- Midden
40. SDN-N-Sa8
scatter
Minor investigation ter Potsherd
vation
series stone tWlS
Surface map^ scatter
excavation if necessary scatter
mappreg, test excavation lithics
nodarate Test excavation Disrupted shell midden
vation
vation
Insignificant None Llght lithic scatter disruptrd by agri- culture
41. ortcga Ranch llistoricillly
IlOUSC Signif Icant Prewrvntion Mob hou~
9 *ortion# of the Encinitas Grant Plateau site, N-182.
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J. IMPACTS TO THE ARCH~OLOGICWL RESOURCES
Since archaeological sites are fragile and non-renewable,
they are all subject to irreversible impacts as a result of
twentieth century demands for land. ment programs, though, the impacts to these resources can be planned to be minimal, out of an impact zone in many instances, or 2) sites can be
scientifically excavated for the permanent preservation of
data.
Through proper band manag
This means 1) sites can be engineered
A11 of the sites on La Costa will be subject to primary or secondary impacts, although some of the sites wj-ll be pro-
tected via land use categories themselves. A11 of khe sites
in La Costa North may be subject to direct physical impact.
W-149 will be eliminated by grading for a golf course and must therefore be salvaged. The mitigation of some sites has been achieved by recordation. The density of the residential units
corresponds to the amount of physical impact which may occur to individual sites. In Ea Costa North, the dwelling units are expected to be between 0-4 per gross acre. In the Rancher
Estates, it is expected to be 0-1.5 d/u per acre. The La Cost
South area is scheduled to be 4-10 d/u per acre and 10-20 d/u
per acre which indicates more land alteration is necessary
than in the acreage with less dwelling unit density,
in the category with higher densities will be subject to great
impacts by lot design and human impacts.
Sites
Future Melrose Avenuep Carrillo Way and Olga extension ma!,
affect archaeological resources (Table 4) .
Parks are planned for W-659, and W-94’7. These parks will
provide ample protection for the archaeological resources con-
tained within their boundaries.
Other methods of site preservation are also possible, Thc
may include the following:
1. Fencing off the site area (this would only be effectiT
for the Ortega Ranch Houseof W-947 which contains tht Encinitas Ranch House. 1
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2. Covering sites with fill, and
3. Filling the site, then landscaping with Pow impact vec tation such as varieties of the Opuntia sp. Cactus,
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K. INTERPRETATION OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECORD ON THE LA
COSTA LAND COMPANY PROPEKTY
Archaeological reconstruction and interpretation general1 take on the personality of a mystery story. A few items are
analyzed, information is synthesized, clues are obtained from various non-conforming entities, and then someone has to at-
tempt to ask questions of the information. The facts do not
speak for themselves, especially archaeological facts. When questions are asked--that is the proper questions--answers ca
often be generated. times we can negate hypotheses but are unable to prove any-
thing elaborate. The data obtained from the archaeological survey of La Costa is the first step in synthesizing a massiv quantity of data on the Batiquitos Lagoon area of San Diego County. From La Costa it may be possible to rewrite and re- interpret the hypothesized prehistory of San Diego County.
At least 56 archaeological sites once speckled the La Costa North and the La Costa Master Survey areas (Tables 3 and 5). This number does not include those sites which have been destroyed by Euro-American land alteration, nor does it include those sites which were reported for La Costa Far Sout or Green Valley Knolls in 1975 (Kaldenberg 1975a and 1975b).
Fifteen of the 56 sites have been impacted by housing or recr
ational development. Portions of some of these may underlie
the La Costa Golf Course or green areas throughout the La
Costa development. However, the extent of these sites is
not known (see Table 5). All of the sites which have already
been impacted by this type of planned development are within one-third of a mile of a major water course such as San Marco or Encinitas Creek. Six of these 15 sites were situated on
San Marcos Creek, which was a major creek at one time (Figure Charles Kelly recollects that children in the Carlsbad area used to swim in a large pond beneath a waterfall where the
westernmost terminus of the gorge which the creek passes
through and stops before finally being diverted into Batiquit Lagoon.
Just as is the case with a mystery, ofte
1
A similar phenomena is recognized when studying the site location contours. Eighty percent of all these sites were
situated at the 100-foot contour or less. these sites to a low elevation contour and to a reliable sour of water infer that in the absence of American land alteratio
this area could possibly have supported an aboriginal popula-
tion until the advent of the Europeans.
The proximity of
This is not a novel
idea since Fages recounts an Indian village at Batiquitos whi
1 68
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he encountered in 1769 and the baptismal record of both the
mission at San Luis Rey and San Diego indicate a sizeable
Indian population was baptized from rancherias named Bati-
quitos.
Very few radiocarbon dates have been obtained which sub-
stantiate a large late prehistoric population on the La Costa
have been obtained is not due to the absence of a late pre-
historic population, but because of very early land altera-
tion which had occurred here by early agriculturalists.
areas near the water course would have been the first to have
been plowed due to the proximity to the water itself. This
early agriculture would have obscured this late prehistoric
components even more greatly than they altered the earlier La Jolla components because of the limitedness of that oc- cupational component. Also, late prehistoric artifacts would have been readily recognizable to early agriculturalists
who would have readily collected them. I suggest that this
is one reason that of the eleven La Costa sites Rogers re-
ported to contain pottery, ceramics were found on only three
of them during extensive surveys by this author during 1975.
Alteration and surface collections have removed the late pre-
historic component from visibility in most instances (Kroeber,
1975). He reported the presence of the village (rancheria) of
Shikapa along the San Marcos Creek, but no other information was given. It is highly probable that Shikapa was located on
a knoll top overlooking Batiquitos Lagoon since Fages re-
counts that the Indians "came down from their village" to meet with them (see Table 6).
property, I feel that the reason no substantial Cp4 dates
The
Thus far, only four radiocarbon dates from the La Costa
area reflect a possible dated late prehistoric component;
these dates were obtained from two sites, one which is on La Costa property. Site SDM-W-106 had a terminal date of 740 A.D,
(UCR-407). Site W-693 has a series of late prehistoric dates ranging from 875 A.D. (UCLJ-245) to 1125 A.D. (See Table 7 )e
At Rancho Park North, Site A, approximately one-half mile soutl
a date of 1240 A.D. was obtained. At Rancho Park North, Site
C, a date of 1650 A.D. was obtained. One of the key problems
facing archaeologists in this county is the boundary between
the Shoshonean-speaking Luisenos and the Yuman-speaking North-
ern Dieguenos. Kroeber (1925) indicates the boundary was Batiquitos Lagoon. C. Bart Merriam states that the ... northern boundary (of the Yumans). ..extends from
from the Pacific Ocean at the mouth of San Marcos
Creek easterly along this creek and Santa Isabel Creek
e e. (Merriam 1974:35) a
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Meighan, True, and Grew (1974) extend the southerly
boundary of the Luiseno to San Elijo Lagoon. More recently
Phillips (1975:frontspiece) places the Euiseno as extending
into the Los Penasquitos Slough area well into territory
which has been defined as Kumeyaay territory. It is highly likely, based upon mission baptismal records that even during
historic times that the Batiquitos Lagoon area saw inhabita-
tion by the Luiseno and Northern Diegueno.
The San Dieguito/La Jolla sites comprise the bulk of the
sites located in the surveyed area. Five sites have been
identified as containing material which is categorized as
San Dieguito. Twenty-three sites have Ea Jolla complex corn-
ponents, which includes crudely fashioned cobble-scrapers and
extensive shell middens. Ten sites contain late prehistoric components,, seven of which are in conjuncti.on with other site
components (Table 8 ). The radiocarbon record for the Ea
Costa vicinity begins at 8380P80 years ago (UCLJ-3161) at
Ranco Park North (Table 7) and continues to 1868 when the Ortega Ranch House was constructed. The earliest dated site on La Costa is 6880k280 (UCR-434), site SDM-W-915, which was
located during the La Costa Master Survey. This date is
very significant since it demarks what is yenerally construed
as the beginning of La Jolla occupation of coastal San Diego
County. The artifact assemblage from the site is typically
San Dieguito as was manifested at the Harris Site and at
Rancho Del Dios. This again raises the question as to tem-
poral differences between the San Dieguito and the La Jolla
complex. Based on increasing samples of sites, the San Die-
guito complex seems to be subsiding as a Paleo-Indian corn-
ponent to reflect an activity mode of generalized-hunting- gathering-fishing society,
backbay site, indicates that it may have been used to ex- ploit the inland environs and not estuarine resources. This
would explain the relatively low shell content in the midden.
The site is fully two and one-half miles from Batiquitos La-
goon at an elevation of 540 feet above Mean Sea Level. The
transportation of shellfish resources to such a site would
have only been of secondary importance due to the difficulty
of easy accessibility (Figure 8).
The location of W-915, truly a
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Sdi 213 which was located near the southern periphery
of Alicante Road has been dated at 6320f250 years ago (UCLJ- 333) and 34005240 years ago (UCLJ-381), dates which are typi-
cally La Jolla in chronology. The artifact assemblage was also very typical of the La Jolla shellfish processing site.
Dates of 6210+280 (UCR-421) and 5170h230 (UCR-420) years ago
were obtained at Santa Fe Glens (W-181"A). The archaeologias
components at this site reflected San Dieguito, La Jolla, and
74
TABLE 8
ARCIIAEOIUXAL SITE 1NVyllIl~Y~OP IA COSTL likUllKlrTIt:~~
Blta Elcvntion Ahma nistanco to Dr.algn.itiun . Powiblu Twhao-Cmplcx IGun Sc.1 Lrvel ral~w-iis,kol~k~L SW~C~
I U 3 i i: man saoogz Water Saurcm Distance "8 h 5:: 9 :: 8 332 s a
1. W--659 X 340 San nJrcoa Creek 114 die
a. u-911 X 540 ban Udrcos Creek 1/4 mile
3. W-921 X 140 Encinitas Creek 1/4 mile
4. W-920 X 160 Encinitas Creek 1/4 mile
s. w-sin X 240 Encinitas Creek 3/4 mile
6. W-919 X 230 Encinitas Creek 3/4 mile
7. u-182 x x x 160-200 Encinitas Creek 1/4 mile
8. U-922 X 140 Encinitas Creek 3/4 mile
9. w-923 X 175 Encinitas Creek 1/2 mile
10. W-915 X x 540 San mrcos Creek 1 mile
1/2 mile 11. W-962 X 300
12. W-963 X 300 Kelly Creek 1/2 hile
1/2 mile 13. W-964 X 260
14. W-965 X 300 Kelly Creek 1/2 mile
15. -w-914 X 280 Kelly Creek 1/2 mile
Kelly Creek -
Kelly Creek
16. W-966 X 270 Kelly Creek 1/2 mile
17. Y-967 X 250 Kelly Creek 1/2 mile
18. 11-968 X 170 Kelly Creek 1/2 mile
19. 1-969 X 180 Kelly Creek 1/2 mile
20. W-970 X 280 Kelly Creek 1/2 mile
21. W-971 X 100-130 Kelly Creek 1/3 mile
12. W-972 X 150-170 Kelly Creek 1/3 mile
X 23. w-973 110-130 Kelly Creek 1/10 mile
24. Y-974 X 110-140 Kelly Creek 1/10 mile
25. W-975 X 200 1/3 mile Kelly Creek
26. W-976 X 80-9Q Unnamed Source 100 feet
27. 01-977 X 80-120 On-site Kelly Creek
28. W-978 X 260-280 Kelly Creek l/3 mile
19. u-979 X 250-260 1/2 mile
30. Y-980 X 100 Kelly Creek 1/4 nile
31. W-981 X 200 Encinitas Creek 1/4 mile
32. W-982 X 100 Encinitas Creek 1/4 mile
33. 1-110 xx 200-260 Xelly Creek 1/3 mile
34. 147A xx 200-220 Kelly Creek 1/3 mile
Kelly Creek
35. 147B X 180 1/3 mile
36. 149 X 90 Kelly Creek 1/10 mile
Kelly Creek
37. W-190 xx 100-180 Kelly Creek 1/4 mile
38. w-109 x x- 300 Kelly Creek 1/2 mile
39. W-588 X 300 Kelly Creek 1/2 mile
40. Ortegd Adobe X 320 San llarcos Creek On-site
4' W-173 X X X 200-280 Kelly Creek 1/1 mile
5 23 10 11 1 'Data frm field obscrvations only.
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a late preshistoric component. This site was so disrupted
by tomato agriculture that the radiocarbon dates only indicatc
when the site was occupied, not for what period of time.
W-588, located in La Costa North has been dated at 4250&2! years ago (UCR-406). The artifact yield from this site is so
limited that no additional information can be obtained from
the site.
A very complete radiocarbon record from Green Valley Knol:
5250*50 to 1210~180 years ago--indicates that a homeostatic population was situated here. tively constant since the entire midden depth at the site doe:
not exceed 150 centimeters.
The midden deposition was rela-
Elevation contours upon which the site recorded at La Cost
were found to vary, but to no great degree. Only three late prehistoric sites were reported at elevations greater than
300 feet (Table 8 1. These are SDM-W-659 at 340 feet above Mean Sea Level, SDM-W-963 located at 300 feet, and SDM-W-109 which is also located at 300 feet above Mean Sea Level. Of
the remaining late prehistoric sites, three are situated at an elevation greater than 200 feet above Mean Sea Level. Late
prehistoric sites have a mean elevation of 227 feet.
La Jolla sites, because of their predominance throughout
the survey area, vary more greatly than the late prehistoric
sites. Although their mean elevation is 202 feet above Mean Sea Level, their variance is between 90 and 540 feet.
San Dieguito sites were situated at a mean elevation of
300 feet above Mean Sea Level.
cultural practices, since the sites identified as San Dieguito
are isolated and on gravel terraces, and not a techno-complex preference for one elevational habitation over another. Again though this difference may also reflect paleo-hydrologic dif- ferences, groundwater and sources of groundwater would be dif- ferent than that today and site location may reflect this en-
vironmental setting.
This may reflect anglo agri-
The mean distance from potable water is 0.4 mile. The
greatest difference is one mile (Site W-915). The only Mexi-
can era (American period) adobe on the survey area is the Or-
tega Ranch House which was found at 320 feet above Mean Sea Level. Water is present adjacent to the adobe house.
In summary, the La Costa property may hold the key for
reassessing San Diego prehistory. Sophisticated research on
pottery to determine the ethnicity of the late prehistoric
population should be undertaken wherever possible. Research
77
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on sites such as W-149 and W-915 may lend credance to con-
cepts which will fuse ethnicity between the La Jolla and San Dieguito complexes, or conversely research may substan-
tiate their anonymity. Excavations at La Costa should only
be conducted with a well-developed research plan and not
simply as salvage. Salvage cannot obtain the information necessary to restructure local prehistory, but planned re-
search will be able to prove or disprove several problem
sets.
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L. PROJECT CREW AND PERSONS AND ORGANIZATIONS CONSULTED
1. PROJECT CREW
Russell L. Kaldenberg: Project Archaeologist
M. Jay Hatley: Supervisor 1 Peter J. Ainsworth: Field Archaeologist
Jo Anne Kinney: Field Archaeologist
Harvey D. Hatley: Field Archaeologist
William Matchett, 111: Field Archaeologist
John R. Cook: Field Archaeologist
Michael Angelo Casiola: Field Archaeologist
Joanne Thompson: Production Specialist
Royce B. Riggan, Jr: Biologist
1
2. REEXAMINATION OF SDM-W-918, SDM-W-981, AND SDM-W-182 IN JUNE 1976
Charles S. Bull: Project Director
79
3 e PERSONS CONSULTED
Nancy Farrell U.C,R. Archaeological Research
Unit
N, Nelson Leonard, 111 U. C. R. Archaeological Research Unit
Robert Crab tree Archaeological. Research Incor-
porated
Chester King Archaeological Consultant, San Jose, California
Claude N. Warren University of Nevada, Las Vegas
DL James R. Moriarty III university of San Diego
Dr. Paul H, Ezell San Diego State University
Patricia Helfman Scripps Institute of Oceanograp
Herman Weigand Olivenhain resident
John M. Fritz, Jr. U.C. Santa Cruz
Irv Taylor U.C.R., Department of Anthropol
Irv Roston La Costa Land Company
William Rick Rick Engineering Company
Robert Ladwig Rick Engineering Company
Charles Bull Rick Environmental Consultants
4. ORGANIZATIONS CONSULTED
San Diego Museum of Man
San Diego State University
Serra Museum
88
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M, REFERENCES CITED
Bada, Jeffrey Le, R. A. Shroeder, and 6. F. Carter
1974 Mew Evidence for the Antiquity of Man in Nora America Deduced from Aspartic Acid Racemization. - In Science, I 184:791-793,
Bancroft, Hubert Howe
1886 The Works of Hubert Howe Bancroft, Volume XVIII, Histoi of California, Volume 1, 1542-1800. Santa Barbara:
Wallace Hebberd
Baumhoff , Martin, and Robert Heizer
1965 Postglacial Climate and Archaeology in the Desert West,
In The Quarternary of the United States. David Wright
and Daniel Frey, editors. 697-707. New Haven, Yale
University Press D
-
Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel
Banning, Malki Museum Press.
1972 Temalpakh: Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plan1
Berger, Ranier
1975 Advances and Results in Radiocarbon Dating: Early Man
in America. - In World Archaeology, 7(2):174-184.
1931 Anza's California Expeditions. In Historical Society
Bolton, Herbert Eugene - Quarterly I 19 (3) :21O-219.
Carter, George F.
1950 Evidence for Pleistocene Man in Southern California. I - In Geological Review, 50:84-102.
1952 Interglacial Artifacts from the San Diego Area. In -
Southwest Journal of AnthropPogy, 8:444-456.
1954a More Evidence for Interglacial Man in America. In - New World Antiquity I 8 :1-4.
1954b An Interglacial Site at San Diego, California. - In
The Master Key, 28:165-174.
1957 Pleistocene Man at San Diego, Baltimore: The John
Hopkins Press.
1975 Field Guide--San Diego: Friends of the Pleistocene! 1975. Unpublished manuscript in hands of the author.
81
Crabtree, Robert H., Claude N. Warren, and D. L. True 1963 Archaeological Investigations at Batiquitos Lagoon, San Diego County, California. In University of Cali-
fornia at Los Angeles Archaeological Survey Annual Report, 1962-1963., 319-349. Los Angeles: University
of California Press.
Cuero, Delfina 1968 The Autobiography of Delfina Cuero, as Told to Florenct
Shipek. Los Angeles: Dawson's Book Shop.
Davis, Emma Lou
1963 The Desert Culture of the Western Great Basin: A Life-
way of Seasonal Transhumance. _. In American Antiquity,
29 (2) :202-212.
1964 An Archaeological Survey of Mono Lake Basin and Excava- tions of Two Rockshelters, Mono County, California.
In The University of California Archaeological Survey
Annual Reports, 1963-1964. 291-392. Los Angeles:
University of California Press.
1968 Early Man in the Mojave Desert. In Early Man in Wester
America. C. Irwin-Williams, editor. 42-47. Portales:
Eastern New Mexico University Press.
1969 The Western Lithic Co-Tradition. In The Western Lithic
Co-Tradition. E. L. Davis, C. W. Eott, and D. L.
Weide. 11-78. San Diego: San Diego Museum of Man.
1973 Personal communication.
1974 Paleo-Indian Land Use Patterns at China Lake, Californi
Pacific Coast Archaeological Society, 10:(2):56-73.
Davis, Emma Lou, C. W. Brott, and D. L. Weide
1969 The Western Lithic Co-Tradition. In San Diego Museum
of Man Paper No. 6, San Diego: SanDiego Museum of Man.
Ezell, Paul H., and Russell L. Kaldenberg
1973 An Archaeological Survey of the Kachuck Property.
Unpublished manuscript on file with the San Diego State
University Department of Anthropology.
Farrell, Nancy
1976 Reconnaissance of Recorded Archaeological Resources Within the Proposed Batiquitos Lagoon Regional Park. Unpublished manuscript in the hands of the author.
82
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Hedges, Ken
1967 Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany. Unpublished manuscript on
file at the San Diego Museum of Man.
E974 Ethnobotany. In Results of the Archaeological Mitiga- tion of Great Western Sites A and C, Located on the
Proposed Rancho Park North Development Near Olivenhain, California. 170-183. Unpublished environmental impact
report on file with the San Diego County Environmental
Analysis Division.
1975 Notes on the Kumeyaay: A Problem of Identification. In The Journal of California Anthropology, 2(1):71-83. -
Helfman, Patricia Masters
1976a Personal communication.
1976b Personal communication.
John, Elizabeth A. €3. 1975 Storms Brewed in Other Men's Worlds: The Confrontation
of Indians, Spanish and French in the Southwest,
1540-1795. College Station: Texas A and M, University
Press -
Kaldenberg, Russell L.
1974 The Results of A Five-Percent Archaeological Test Exca-
vation at Santa Fe Glens (SDM-W-181-"A1') I Carlsbad, California. Unpublished manuscript on file at Rick
Engineering, San Diego, California.
1975a Archaeological Investigations at Rancho Carrillo
Estates, Carlsbad, California. Unpublished manuscript
on file with the City of Carlsbad Planning Department. I
1975b Results of Two Five-Percent Archaeological Tests in
San Diego County: A Study in the Success and Failures
of Required Statistical Salvage Tests. Paper delivered
to the Society for California Archaeology Annual Meetin!
Santa Cruz, California. March 22, 1975.
1976 Paleo-Ethnological Change at Ranch Park North (SDM-W-49)
San Eieyo County, California. Paper delivered to the
1976 Society for California Archaeology Annual Meeting, San Diego, California.
Kaldenberg, Russell L. and Paul H. Ezell
1974 Results of the Archaeological Mitigation of Great Westei
Sites A and C, Located on the Proposed Rancho Park Nortl
Development Near Olivenhain, California. Unpublished
manuscript in the hands of the author. 1
83
Kaldenberg, Russell L. and M. Jay Hatley
1974 The Archaeology of Green Valley Knolls: A La JOl Complex Shellfish Processing Site= ManuSCrlPt P:
for La Costa Land Company, Carlsbad, California.
hands of the author.
Kelly, Charles
193 - Recollections of Charles Kelly, Serra Museum $la
Kreiger, Alex D.
1953 Motes and News--Early Man. In American Antiquit - 29 (1) :100-101.
Kroeber, A. L.
1925 Handbook of the Indians -of California. In Burea
American Ethnology, Bulletin No. 78. Washington
Smithsonian Institution.
Lee, Melicent Humason
1937 Indians of the Oaks. Boston; Ginn and Company.
May, Ronald V.
1972 A Survey of La Costa. Unpublished manuscript in
of the author.
Meighan, Clement W.
1954 A Late Complex in Southern California Prehistory
Southwestern Journal of Anthroplogy, 10 (2) :255-21
Meighan, Clement, D. L. True, and Harvey Crew
1974 Excavations at Molpa. Los Angeles: University o California Press.
Merrimam, C. Hart
1968 Village Names in Twelve California Mission Recorc
In Reports of the University of California Archat
Survey, edited by Robert F. Heizer, Los Angeles.
1961 The Coast Diegueno, San Diego's Historic Indian.
-
Moriarty, James R. I I11
Western Explorer, l(3) :9-21.
Cultural Phase Divisions Suggested by Typological Change Coordinated with Stratigraphically Control Radiocarbon Dating in San Diego, In Anthropologi Journal of Canada, 4(4) :20-30.
Transitional Pre-Desert Phase in San Diego County In Science, 155(3762) :553-555.
1968 The Environmental Variations of the Yuman Cultura Area of Southern California. In Quarterly Bullet of the Anthropological Association of Canada, 6(2
84
1966
-
1967
_.
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1969 The San Dieguito Complex: Suggested Environmental and
Cultural Relationships. In Anthropological Journal
of Canada, 7(3) :2-18. -
1975 Personal communication.
Moriarty, James R., 111, and Herbert Minshall
1972 A New Pre-Desert Site Discovered Near Texas Street.
In Anthropological Journal of Canada, 10 (3) : 10-13 = -
Munz, Philip A.
1974 A Flora of Southern California. Berkeley: University
of California Press.
Munz, Philip A. and David D. Keck
1959 A California Flora. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Orr, Philip C. 1968 Prehistory of Santa Rosa Island. Santa Barbara: E
I 1976 Personal communication
Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History.
Perkins, Elioise
Phillips, George Harwood 1975 Chiefs and Challengers. Indian Resistance and Coopera- tion in Southern California. Los Angeles: University
of California Press.
1
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Priestly, Herbert Ingram
1937 A Historical, Political and Natural Description of California by Pedro Fayes, Soldier of Spain (1972 edi-
tion). Ramona, California: Ballena Press.
Rogers, Malcolm J.
1929a Fieldnotes.
1929b The Stone Art of the San Dieguito Plateau. In - American Anthropologist, 31(3):454-467.
1936 Yuman Pottery Making. In San Diego Musem, of Man Paper
1945 An Outline of Yuman Prehistory. In Southwestern Journa
Number 2. San Diego: San Diego Museum of Man.
I of Anthropology l(2) :167-198.
tana Cave, Arizona. Emil Haury, editor. Page 193.
Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press.
1950 Comments. In The Stratigraphy and Archaeology of Ven-
1958 San Dieguito Implements from the Terraces of the Rincon
Pantxo and Rillito Drainage System. - In Kiva, 24(1):1-
85
Warren, Claude N.
1966 The San Dieguito Type Site: Me J. Rogers' 1938 Exca- vation on the San Diequits River, In San Diego Museum
of Man Papers, No. 5. San Diego: SZ Diego Musezun of
Man Press.
1967 The San Dieguito Complex: A Review and Hypothesis.
In American Anthropologist, 32(2):168-185. -
1968 Cultural Tradition and Ecological Adaptation on the
Southern California Coast., In Archaic Prehistory in the Western United States, Eastern New Mexico Contri-
butions in Anthropology, Portales, l(3):l-14. Portales
University of Eastern New Mexico Press.
Warren, Claude N., and Max G. Pavesic
1963 Shell, Midden Analysis of Site SD1-603 and Ecological Implications for Cultural Development on Batiquitos
Lagoon, San Diego County, Appendix I. In ArchaeoPogica
Investigation at Batiquitos Lagoon p SanDiego County,
California. Robert Crabtree, Claude N. Warren, and
D. L. True! editors. 407-438. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Warren, Claude N. and D. L. True
1961 The San Dieguito and Its Place in California Prehistory - In Archaeological Survey Annual Report 1960-61,
246-338. Los Angeles: University of California Press.
Warren, Claude N., D. L. True, and A. R. Eudey
1961 Early Gathering Complexes of Western San Diego County,
California: Results and Interpretation of an Archaeo-
logical Survey. 1960-1961.
Press.
In Archaeological Survey Annual Report
1-106, Los AngePes : University of Californ:
Waterman, T. T.
1910 The Religious Practices of the Diequeno Indians, In - University of California Publications in American
Archaeology and Ethnology, Volume 8, Number 6. Berkeley
University of California Press.
Weigand, Herman
1974 Personal Communication Regarding the Recent History of
Site A, and the Olivenhain Area.
White, Raymond
1963 Luiseno Social Organization. In University of Cali-
fornia Publications in AmericanArchaeology and Ethnolog
Volume 48, Number 2. Berkeley: University of Cali-
fornia Press.
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1966 mcient Hunters of the Far West. San Diego: Union- Tribune Publishing Company.
Rush, Philip S. 1965 Some Old Ranchos and Adobes. San Diego: Neyenesch Printers, Inc.
Shumway, George, Carl L. Hubbs, and James R. Moriarty
1961 Scripps Estate Site, San Diego, California, A La Jollan Site Dated 5468-7370 Years Before the Present. - In Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 93(3) :37
Singer, Clay
1975 Personal Communication.
Sparkman, Philip Stedman 1908 The Culture of the Luiseno Indians. In University of California Publications in Amerisa~Archaeslogy and
Ethnologys Volume 8, Number 4. Berkeley: University I of California Press.
Spier, Leslie
1923 Southern Diegueno Customs. In University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ehtnology,
Volume 20, Number 16. Berkeley: University of Cali-
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Taylor, R. E.
1975 Fluorine Diffusion: A New Dating Method for Chipped
Lithic Material. - In World Archaeology I 7 (2) : 125-135.
True, Delbert L.
1958 An Early Complex in San Diego County, California.
_. In American Antiquity, 23~255-263.
Tyson, Rose Noble
Vita-Finzi, C., and Eric S. Higgs
1 1976 Personal Communication.
1970 Prehistoric Economy in the Mount Carmel Area of Palesti
Site Catchment Analysis.
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- In Proceeding of the Prehis-
Wallace, William J.
1955 1 11:214-230.
A Suggested Chronology for Southern California Coastal
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a7
.
Willey, Gordon R., and Philip Phillips
1955 Method and Theory in American Archaeology 11: Histori
Developmental Interpretation. In American Anthropolc
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Witthoft, John 1955 Texas Street Artifacts. - In New World Antiquity,
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1957 Ancient Man in North America. In The Denver Museum of Natural History Popular Series No. 4. Denver:
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88 5
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APPENDIX I
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i
AN ARCHAEOLOGICAE GLOSSARY FOR NON-ARCHAEOLOGISTS*
ADOBE: A sun-dmried mud brick which uses straw as a binder. Also, buildings of such construction.
ARTIFACT: A product of hunan workmanship. Commonly used by archaeologists in speaking of prehistoric tools,
irrplements, etc,
BEDROCK MORTARS: A cluster of concavities in a large sta-
tionary rock used as containers for substances I being pounded and ground.
COMPLEX: A group of related traits or characteristics that
combine to form a complete activity, process, or cultural unit. Lithic complexes are identified by
the presence of several key implement or tool types
in association. Local complexes include the San
Dieguito, La Jolla and Late Prehistoric,
CORE : A stone from which flakes have been struck; a nu- cleus. Artifacts made from cores are called core tools.
1
FLAKE: A piece of stone removed from a larger stone by per-
cussion or by pressure. Artifacts made from flakes
are called flake tools.
FLAKING STATION: A site where flakes were detached from
cores for alteration into stone tools.
GROUND STONE TOOLS:
IN SITU: Term applied to an object found in its natural
Tools smoothed by usage,
position or place in the rock or earth in which it
was first placed or formed. 1
LATE PREHISTORIC COMPLEX: In San Diego County, this complex
is composed of the Kumeyaay in the south, the Luiseno
in the north, the Cupeno near Warner's Springs and
the Mountain Cahuilla near Riverside County. These
people a11 possessed pottery and date from about
1000 A.D,
LA JOELA COMPLEX: A seed-grinding, small game-hunting, shell-
fish-gathering culture which occupied coastal San Diego County by 7500 B,P,
1-1
LITHIC; Of or pertaining to Stone; or an adjective Suffix
denoting pertaining to or characteristic of a spe-
cific stage in the use of stone, as Palaeolithic or Neolithic.
MAN0 : A handstone used for grinding. Some writers use
this name only for stones used with a backward and forward motion for grinding grains on a metate, others apply it to all handstones including those
which are used with milling stones and which may
be employed to grind seeds, paints, etc.
METATE: A solid, plate-like stone used as a surface for
processing food substances such as seeds and nuts, using a mano.
use and artifactual material: a refuse deposit,
MIDDEN: A cultural deposit normally containing organic ref-
MILLING STONE: A stone slab on which a mano was rubbed with
a rotary motion, producing a shallow bowl-shaped depression. Used primarily in the crushing and
grinding of wild plant foods,
PATINA (Patination): In an archaeological sense, the surface
or surface crust produced on an object by weathering.
PERCUSSION FLAKING: The technique of shaping a stone through removing flakes by blows struck with another stone or with a heavy bone or piece of wood.
PORTABLE MORTAR: A stone, bowl-shaped utensil in which sub-
stances are pounded and ground., Used with a pestle.
PRESSURE FLAKING: The technique of shaping a stone by press-
ing flakes from it by means of a pointed instrument,
often made of bone or antler, which is forced against
the edge of the stone.
PROJECTILE POINT: An arrow point, spear point, or dart point
(commonly called arrowhead).
RETOUCH: A secondary removal of small flakes from a stone
artifact for the purpose of sharpening or resharpen-
ing the edge.
QUARRY: An area from which stone material suitable for stone
tool $reduction was obtained. The stone must have properties which make it easy to flake.
1-2
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.
SAN DIEGUITB COWLEX: An assemblage of artifacts consisting
sf Peaf-shaped points B cutting and scraping tools
associated with coastal dwelling Pale@-Indians,
Dates of coastal occupation range f~~ricg 80,000-7,500
BOP.
SCRAPER: An artifact used for rasping or cleaning hides, bone,
woadf etc. 31 archaeological referen~es unless other-
wise specified these are usually sf stsne, They are
named by the position of their cutting edge, as end
scraperr side scraper; or by their shape, turtle back
(flat on battom and rounded on top), snub-nosed or
thumb scraper (thumb-shaped) and keel scraper (keel-
shaped) e
SERR~SIED: Notched or toothed QI-I the edge like a saw.
SITE: En archaeology, areas of activity - habitation, food processing, tool making - where a prehistoric 091 his- toric people left evidence sf their behavior and CUB-
ture -
SLICK:: A smooth surface on a bedrock, usually granite or
granodiorite, which has been used as a metate for
for processing seeds,
STONE ENCLOSURE: Stones which were stacked generally one OK
two high in a circular pattern. These seem to have
served as foundations for huts.
TYPE: A particular kind of artifact in which several attri-
butes combine in silch distinctive ways that an ar-
chaeclogist can recognize it as being a distinct and
separate category of artifacts.
TERRACE: A benchlike feature, bordering a stream valley,
which is a remnant of a former valley floor now dis-
sected by the stream. When terraces occur in ser-
ies in a steplike formation the highest is the oldest.
WORKSHOP: A place where tools were manufactured from quarried
material a
*These definitions have been compiled and modified from a
number sf sources including Worrnington (1957) I Hester (1975) I
Kaldenberg (1375) , and the State of California Historic Registrq
(1976) I
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APPENDIX I1
INSTITUTIONAL SITE RECORDS
FOR I LA COSTA
(N<>vember 1974)
* sxm FORM
B *.
T.
I
.
DIEGO ~~-~~~ WIbERSIW . I. ( )SA% D36EGB PrnSZrnI OF PUN
-.-
*,
ECON --=Sp--.-
3 ~~~~~~~~
OnCT TITLE
-
b, ~.E-ERE AXE NO RECORDZD SITES nr THE BHO~CT ARSA IN om ~~EES I
TEE P’0LLQ:~ING SITE3 Am3 RECBRDZD %M d! WE THz $RoJ’ECT mEA:
I SITE evious designatioi*Palm ~ree site)
CWTU3E: ( )SAN DXEGUITO (‘)LA.JOLLAN [ )ICi’JEmAAY ( )OTHER 1’ c 8mEN T
qP *ow-
WPE : g )vaELAaE [ ICAzB%P p )I*lID:~zN ( )GraIXDIKa.c S”B’P0NS
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)fiOCK ART ( IEur9IsL [ ]FLAKING STATIOET g 1 QUA3ZY
-1 GOEt331~T flat beech with brolren stsnk awd-artifaatg. A feu
sike~~s present. ~epth of siee un~~gonn~ -
B SITE mi-704
1
.
WLT’tTI:Z: ( )S.4lT DI3GUITQ k )LA JOLLFLX { ]KKarLY!&Y ( )OTI-IS:R
COI4ME!T ~ecsrded 1;/”3/60 by lt’arren and True,
-
5iiPE : ( IVTIJJNE Q )CAlIP (? )EIIDI>L“ (X )GRPI.P’UIR’@ STATIOIJ 1
1
1
( IMXX dmT ( EUF~L ( )FLAKI~:S STP-TPON ( )Q,IJA\RRY. ( ?(
a Q; OEiI IXK’ ea.41 slichtlv modified soil with chippiygwast end areas of artifact e~n~entraki~n; La-Solla typ
11-1
SITE SDd-705 /c
CULTURE: ( )SAN DIEGUPTO (?)LA JOLLAN ( FKUMEYAAY ( )OTHER
CQDIENT fiecoriled 1/7/68 bv Warren.
TYPE: ( )VILLAGE ( )CAI@ (X)PIIDDEN ( )GRINDING STATIONS
( )ROCK ART ( )BURIAL ( )FLAKING STATION ( )QUARRY (
j COMMENT Located in Small rravel Dits. some 34 to 40
below the surface. Stratum of dark midden cc
Shell
-. SITE _(~al, A:~s=
CULTURE: ( )SAN BIEGUITO ( )LA JOLLAN ( )XIJNEXA.AY ( )OTHER
COMMENT -d 1/90/7? -
TYPE: ( )VILLAGE ( )CAW (x)MIDDEN ( )3RINDING STATIONS
( )ROCK ART ( )BURIAL ( )FLAKING STATION ( )QUARRY ( )I
P'
Artifacts include scrapers, rei
" COPDENT ~ypn d qitp Wynyi-Tv grin fop+. -
of up to 30 cm.
flakes , cores, hammerstone. ..-.-...D--r
SITE I
CULTURE : ( ISAN DIEGUITO ( )LA JOLLAN ( )KUMEYAAY ( )OTHER
COlIWNT
TYPE 2 [ )VILLAGE ( )CANP ( )MIDDEN ( )GRINDING STATIONS
'- .( )ROCK ART ( )BURIAL ( )FLAKING STATION ( )QUARRY ( )
comm 1-
su-0 &2+& 0 11-2 A- - -
Islaglrn
Page I of "p UltbW MbaLwewl wr IVIMIV
8350 El rad^. Balboa Park. San Diego. California 92d01, Tdephom (714) 239-2 I
pEE? .
I
1N-e of project: B,a Costa Ifaster Development Plan
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Sour@@ 06 ~~~~~$~~ Recon
@;.;%Ea of Request: k1Let.t~~ ( elephona Q 3 In PC
Date Request Received: NOV* 4, 1974 p Receiv
( ) %he Museum of Man files show no recorded sites for the project area.
r&) me PPuseum sf Ifan files show the following sites @]within (x)h the vicinfty
the project area. R Site No. hL4S Cdture(s):San Diemito 11. La Yo%la I1 and Yman HI1 (Kumevaav)
Description: Cree k mawin terrace camp. No deDth or statiplrap>hv* Verv low shi
Cant ent B Granite metates and manos Dresent. also sotterv sherds ~lnd Yuman 111
CuIture(s): San Diemito III. ~a JOII~ 11 andl Yman 1x1 (I<umeyaay) Site No. w-49
Description: All cnltnres about eenglPPv represented, Ili&~Pand empsi%@, Site 1 destroved bv erosione
Site No. \$-go6 CuPturegs): San Diemito 11, La Jolla 11 and Yman 111 (Kwneyaay)
Des~~iptLon: Sporadic prepottery campine siee, ~uman HII PIHghliand w-inker dlfe
Maxim de~Peh of San Diemito 11 and La JoPBa I1 deposit originally f2", but
Ctslture(s):San Diegutto HI and La JolPa HI 1 Site k90 k$-loa
Description: Sarn Diemits I1 occaisiondly camped on 50' levelI left a thin-be
La Jolla 11 camped up to 75" Bevel; left a 4"-E midden of Bow shell content.
Site NO ehr-l 08
DeScriptiQXI:
overed a
Please note: me project area may contain archaeological resources in addition to tl
noted above, This report is made from Sam Diego Musewn of Man ffles or
and may not include data pertaining to localities other than those COVE
in previous Museum of Man surveys or gathered by other institutions or 1 LndivPdua3.a.
iksrd check by:hth T~~P~~'
Date:xov. 5. 1974 Signed : )
11-3
..
.D c-
- .- ___ .... ........ ........ .... . .- .. ..
..... -- ................ . .__
. . -- ...... .... . , ., -. c ..* . . - . -___._ ________
I.. -_ ... -. . . .- ----- --- -.--- __
......... ... .._-- ____._l__._ll_l .... __ _.___ .. ........ .-
..
.. --- .----- ...-----I_ __-_,.___ ._. , . . - _.
- .................. .., .. -. .
arrowpoints, Site disturbed by plodng;- . _...'--- ............-.. ....... :.-.- _.._____
...
-'- - -.--. -- ------ - ---- --. --.-. __ ._ I __.___
.. .--__.. __ .-.- ____.--. _____ -- .-- -_ -.-
--. ----.------ --.- .--- -- -.--. -- - -._.____. _I _,________.-, ..- --, . -." ___ -.-
by cultivation activities; yman 111 deposit IO", also disturbed by plowing* Hi@'
conten*, yman 111 granite metate3 preserit.------.~-----. --I__-
...........
.-. .------. ---- _II- _--_-.____ ___,____-_ .. . _-. - . ._
... .......... ___-- ........... , ............. 1 ............
Implements are not common. Land h midden -~th -medim shell and. CharCQd- cQXltS?nt *--- ................ ..___ ..............
cultivated often.
............... ---- ~ ______-___ .. -___ . -. .....
-. -I--.. ------ -.- -I-.------ ____ - ___. ,- -.. __ ,___
............................... -d--_____-- - - -_..
... .. - .- . ___ - --_ __ _- .-=' ........... ... -_ - -. - - __ - ... .~ ..... -. - .. - .- -. - - - - .. .. . .-
- -. .-
.. .. -. .. ......
-.-- - -- --_ i
- -. - . .-
-0 -_-. .
c
-. - - -c -. - -'-- -. -_: . -._
-- - - -- .- --. -
11-4
WWM- L
Paae 2 Of SAN DIEGO MUSEUM Of- MAN
1350 EI Prado. Balboa Park, San Diego, California 92101. Telephone (714) 239*2001 L b
1 u REPORT ON ARCHAEQLQGICAL SITE FILES RECORD SEARCH
I Datre of Request :
I Name of Project: La Costa Master Development Plan
.
Source of Request: Recon
( )Letter ( )Telephone ( 1 In P
Date Request Received: ( )Map Received ( )Map Returned
( ) The Museum of Man files show no recorded sites for the project area.
( ) The Museum of Man files show the following sites ( )within ( )in the vicinity
the project area.
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Site No. w-109 Cultureb): San Diemito If (trace). La Jolla 11, and Yuman IT1 (1
Description: Highland winter accretion camp.
Site No .x-$ .t 0 Culture(s): Sari D;~rr&tO I-. 1,~ Joll~ 11 an d Yu.man u ( KIlW
I. Description:& Dippjt,n TT [Pa L~ wa 11 oc-
Most, of +,he Y-yer U Int.er ne-
Site No. 1~~147 Culture(s): Sari Diemito XI. La Jolfa TI. and Yuman I11
Description:P_ermanent occw ation - hv TJa Jolla TI. occaisional camninp bv San I
of 117-110 to the? n orth. Low q
Site No. 1j-149 Cultureb): La Jall~ TI. Yuman 111. and nossibly Luiseno
Description:- area of d iffused camninp wl 'th a few concentmtions. La Jol
are -ked to - ar I? as, but Y uman IT1 eamns are all over the vallev, ..
Site No, ~-177 hltUre(S)Z8an Diedtn IT IT- 111 (tr ace - and Yum an PIT
Descsiption:This $9 a - Uiem,ito TI sit,e cp€ -e: a -
Diesito KT ova it on the south end frw W-lOe)t as does Y-
Please note: The project area may contain archaeological resources in addition to t
noted above. This report is made from San Diego Museum of Man files c
and may not include data pertaining to localities other than those cov
in previous Museum of Man surveys or gathered by other institutions 01 i individuals.
Record check by: Ruth Tolles
Date: Nov, 5, 1974 S igned :
11-5
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by pothuntem, M,J, Rogers felt this was a very important oite, But due to e~ntin~o~
agricultural usage was never able $0 excavater
and charcoalaeontent, many manos and metateso
W-149
the early 30's ranchers digging a well reported finding ash lenses and Tdprrey Pine cone
at considerable depth under the valley floar.
believed this to be a permanent highland cam^).
here; much higher proportion sf fltrRes than tools.
Blue felsite was nsed almost exclusive%
Depth oF deposit varies between
1 2"- 1 8 " .
-.
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Page 3 g I-
1350 Ei Prado, Balboa Bark, San Diego, CMifornL 92101, T@leph~n@ (764) 23
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RT - OM ARC e
Source sf R@qaest:
est:: Q )Letter Q ~~~~~~~~~@ ( 1 1x3 Be
Date Bequest lm eee$ved ( )I&
Bame of project: 1,s ClCls%,B Wastrs De9rePopmew% Y I
11 2, me mseum of paan fifes show no reearded sites f~g the PZ:O~CC~ a.1~~ae
e? Nuseurw of l%%lr% files show the fsHPo?dfwg sites ( ~~~~~~ Q )%n ehs vicinity
I Site No. \$L180
I
Site No. \jLl.8,%
Site No. '(u'--%qo
Please note: The project area may sontain areh9eoaogieal.~esoagees iw addition ts noted above, '%his report is made from San Diego Piuseurn sf Man files
and way not iaclude data pertaining to hdiths other than those Ce
in previous Museum of &in surveys or gathered by other institutions t
individuals -
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i Record check by:a\ua'.,
Date:xov, 5. 1qq4 Signed : I 11-7
V s
__- ___ 4- - - - _- .
-_ __- -- -- .-
______--- -- --
I______ - -- ---- -
.-
____ - _-_. - - ----- ____ __ _I __ -
3---- - I -- - - -- I_
- __ __ I-_ --
Enleinitas Grant Plateau, to be the center sf the greatest e~ncen%~atP0~1 of San Diem occupation in the county. _- -
_---- .- -- -
-____ - - _..--- -- ------- ._ - -
._ -
midden with law shell content observedo
-. - --
. - -- .-
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Page 4 4
DIEGO MUSE
13550 El Prado, Balboa Park, San Diego, California 92108, %IeP$?QncFs l(n4) ZB-2
I
I REPORT & ~~~~~~~~~~ SITE PILES RECORD SEARCH
Source of Request:
( )hE!tEa?X ( )TdQphQne ( 1 &l 1 Date of Request: -
Bate Request Wecatved::
Name of Project:
( 1 The Museum of files spaow thc EoI1owing Edkes ( ~~~~~~~ g >in zhe viein%
Site EJo. w-563
-
Kumeyaay Site No. w-659 Culture(s):
mseriptionahqe stone stmcture approximately 60 feet long and 40 feet wi(
kenat appears to have been an aboriginal forte Gri iphg slicksB pottery, brsskt cobbles; sweathouse floor.
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Site No. Culture (s) :
Description:
Site No. Culture (s) : -
__ jl - - X - -_- -="I L..II*.-. -I-- - --._ - D DeSePPptEQn ."
--
Please note: The project area may contain archaeological resources in addftion tc
noted above, This report is made from San Diegs Museum of Mam file5
and may not helude data pertaining to Isealities other than those E
in previous Museum of Man surveys or gathered by other institutions
individuals B
ReeopDd check by:r,m2. - ( TolB@s'
Bate: s %gH%ed:
11-9
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APPENDIX I11
HUMAN RXi1IAINS
FROM I LA COSTA VICINITY
a a, +J C z 1
v
u1 m k k c k 8, a, 0 tF b-l rn a, 0 0 h % a p? p: E
!! A c 8, a ri k fd
-4 m 1 & :: & I & + 5 4 n z A a & n rn
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APPENDIX IV
BAR GRAPH DEPICTING TEMPORAL RELATIONSHIPS
IN THE BATIQUITOS LAGOON AREA
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BAR GRAPH DEPICTING TEMPORAL RELATIONSHIPS
IN THE BATIQUITOS LAGOON AREA
1 (1976)
mmmz f:f: f:f: 7 7 rgg aaal P- P- P- P ul UI PIb bb co P.6 I I I w P co 0 u Lo h, I P- OrnNPCncornDC) O\D OuP = OY wwwp - hr+
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APPENDIX V
SUMMARIZED DATA
ON RECORDED SITES IN THE VICINITY
OF
BACKBAY LA COSTA
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SUMMARIZED DATA
ON
RECORDED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES IN
THE VICINITY OF BACKBAY LA COSTA
A. THE SAN DIEGO MUSEUM OF MAN
W-84.
on a bluff above the lagoon, measuring approximately 800 by 250 feet.
flakes, and large scrapers. Although the site has been culti- vated for several years, it appears to be relatively undisturbec
The Santa Fe Railroad track cuts through the eastern one-third of the site, but has not affected the remaining portions.
A light shell midden of undetermined depth located
Artifacts located during the course of the survey
-
were manos, mano fragments, metate fragments, cores, large
W-85. The northern portion of SDi-603.
W-86. The southern portion of SDi-603.
W-87. This site was recorded as a campsite with cobble hearths. No evidence was found in the location indicated by
the San Diego Museum of Man. The bluff above was checked; a few pieces of shell were found, but no artifacts were observed.
The recorded site area has been severely disturbed; if a site
was present in this location, it has been destroyed.
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W-88. A light shell midden, 150 by 200 feet, located on a - bluff directly above the lagoon. This site displays the same
array of artifacts as seen on the surface of W-84; manos, cores,
flakes, and large scrapers. A sparse shell scatter separates
W-84 and W-88, but they are distinct midden concentrations and should be considered as two sites. has not been otherwise disturbed.
W-88 is in cultivation, but I
W-89. The southern component of SDi-211.
W-95.
-
This is believed to be the upper portion of SDi-211.
The artifact description given by the San Diego Museum of Man
is quite similar to that found at SDi-211. The recorded site location exhibited only occasional shell, and no artifacts were
observed. This site will be included in the description for
SDi-211.
-
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W-97. This site is described as cobble hearths; the’ Sari
Diego Museum of Man records located it on a point of land at
the base of the bluff at the lagoon shore. The site was either mislocated and belongs on the bluff top (in which ease it is
part of SDi-211), or was accurately mapped and has been destroyc
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W-98. Also recorded as SDi-691.
W-99. Also recorded as SDi-694.
W-100. Described as cobble hearths, no trace of this site was found. It may have been destroyed by grading for the road which skirts the north shore.
__.
65-101. This site is separated from SDi-693 by a sparse shell scatter, and may be the northeastern extension of that site. The shell concentration is much less than that of SDi-69:
A large scraper, hammerstone and four flakes were observed.
W-102. This site consisted of cobble hearths; its location was not clearly defined. A historic cobble house foundation located on the alluvial plain may overlay the cobble hearths.
A butte immediately west of this foundation exhibited some
evidence of occupation and may be the actual site location;
some shell, two flakes, and a quartzite core were observed.
The entire hill has been heavily disturbed by motorcycles.
In either case, this site has been destroyed.
W-104. Also recorded as SDi-762.
W-108. An extremely large habitation site situated along a ridge top, and approximately 2,000 feet long. The northern
portion of the site has been somewhat disturbed by the construc-
of the site is undistrubed and covered with chaparral. Very
dense localized shell concentrations occur; the site depth
approaches two feet. Mano fragments, one metate fragment,
flakes, cores, scrapers (including one of chert), and a utilized flake were found. Pottery sherds were present throughout the
site. The landowner, Mrs. Alice Lamplugh, has found numerous
manos, metates, and pottery sherds over a period of several years.
tion of three houses and driveways : the southern one-third
Be DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY, SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY
SDi-211. A shell midden on the bluff directly above the
north shore of the lagoon. The artifact assemblage is similar to that of W-84 and W-88: cobble core tools, split cobble tools, choppers, flakes, and manos. Two areas of dark midden and heavy shell concentration at the north and south ends of the site are separated by a lighter midden with less shell. These two
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areas were designated W-95 (northern area) and W-89 (southern area) by the San Diego Musewn of Man records. There seems
to be little justification for separating these two components.
1961 by UCLA as part of a salvage program for the San Diego
Freeway construction (Crabtree et. al. 1963). No radiocarbon dates were obtained for the site.
road cut. The site is 75 feet long; width cannot be determined since there are few surface indications. Six to 24 inches of alluvium cover the midden; the greatest depth of deposit
is three feet. No artifacts were noted. Subsurface testing would be necessary to define the total extent of the deposit; a tentative decision regarding site area was made on the basis of occasional shell on the surface.
The northern tip of this site was excavated in
SDi-212. A shell midden exposed by the' La Costa Avenue
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SDi-600. A shell midden 250 by 400 feet located on a low knoll adjacent to the lagoon. Only two artifacts were found: a mano and a large flake. Total depth of midden is not known;
but is at least one foot. The concentration of shell and low artifact density suggest that this may have been a limited use
SBi-601. A shell midden adjacent to the lagoon about
120 feet long and 30 feet at its widest. There is no surface
indication for the western portion of the site, but a road cut
reveals a midden depth of 1-1/2 inches. A sizable part of
the site was destroyed by construction of the dirt access road.
No artifacts were observed; one flake was found on the knoll
above, This may have been a limited use site, possibly for the
processing of shellfish.
I site.
SDi-602. A shell midden directly adjacent to the lagoon.
Site area is approximately 60 by 80 feet, with a depth of one to 1-E/2 feet- The heaviest shell concentration is now under cultivation. No artifacts were observed. This may have been
a shellfish collecting location.
SDi-603, A large habitation site with shell midden up to
3-1/2 feet deep, Much of the southern portion of the site
was destroyed by construction of the San Diego Freeway. A salvage excavation was conducted by a UCLA crew in 1961 (Crab-
tree et. al. 1963). Radiocarbon dates obtained for two occupa-
tion levels were 7300 - + 200 years and 3900 - f 200 years before
the present,
North of this street, an undeveloped field contains some shell,
The site is currently bisected by La Costa Avenue.
.
although no artifacts were observed. Manos and flakes were
found near the point of the bluff. Much of this part of the site is now under houses, driveways, or greenhouses and could not be thoroughly investigated.
South of La Costa Avenue and west of the freeway on-ramp, a large section of SDi-603 is still intact. Although dense grass covered the ground surface, shell midden and severa artifacts were obsexved. These include mano fragments, cores, choppers and flakes. Fill has been placed over the midden at the southern end of the site, and houses constructed. The
intact part of the site measures 400 by 250 feet.
West of the freeway is a low area formerly used
as a rest stop. W-86 (the San Diego Museum of Man designation
which has been included in SDi-603) was shown on the site dis-
tribution map obtained from the museum to extend to this low area. A U.S.G.S. quad from 1898 illustrates this area as la- goon; it therefore appears that this consists solely of fill. The site must have ended at the edge of the bluff, with possibli
a narrow trash site between the bluff base and the water's edge.
cut, no evidence of this site was observed. The site descrip-
tion was written prior to construction of the San Diego Freeway. It is likely that any remaining portions of the midden are now under the freeway off-ramp to La Costa Avenue. Shell from
this midden was radiocarbon dated at 3500 + 200 years before the present (Hubbs et. al. 1960).
SDi-604. Recorded as a shell midden exposed in a road
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SDi-607. This site was recorded as a shell midden three feet deep exposed in a road cut. Much of the bluff was removed, subsequent to these observations. Shell is present on the surfa where SDi-607 was located; it is clear, however, that these remains are not in situ, as shell is mixed with asphalt and concrete. This site can be considered to have been destroyed. --
SDi-608-609. A shell midden 1,350 feet long located on a
low knoll northeast of the lagoon. El Camino Real cuts through
the central portion of the site; the road cut reveals a midden
ca. 1-1/2 to two feet deep. The portion to the east of El Camino Real has been destroyed by construction at Rancho La
Costa. Midden to the west of the road is relatively undisturbed,
Artifacts found on the surface were manos, metate fragments, cores, flakes, and a mortar rim fragment. Although originally recorded as two sites, the present road cut shows that the cen-
tral portion of midden has been covered by fill. Bits of asphalt mixed with shell are found stratified over intact midden in
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the road cut and over the surface of the site, indicating move- ment of heavy equipment over the remaining site area during 1 road construction.
SDi-610. No evidence of this site was found: the area has been graded away.
SDi-612. A midden two feet deep and ca. 75 feet Bong in
a road cut on the north side of La Costa Avenue. Surface indi-
cations show that the midden extends 30 feet toward the lagoon.
No midden was seen on the south bank of the road cut. NO arti- facts were noted.
SDi-698. A shell midden at the bottom of the bluff, below
SDi-211. Site area is about 200 by 50 feet; midden depth is
1-1/2 feet. This is very likely the trash area for SDi-211. No artifacts were observed.
SDi-691. A shell midden located on a bluff above the lagoor Due to heavy ground cover, a thorough investigation of the
surface could not be made. Those areas that were relatively clear of vegetation revealed concentrations of artifacts: six flakes, a large scraper, a hammerstone, and a granite mano fragment. Even though cultivated, this site is in very good condition, with the exception of the western edge which is badly eroded. The depth of deposit is not known.
SDi-693. A road cut at the bottom of the bluff below
SDi-691 reveals 3-1/2 to 4 feet of midden, with heavy shell concentration. No artifacts were observed. This may have been the trash area for SDi-691.
SDi-692. This site was mislocated on original site records.
It was relocated on a low knoll and consists of a very light shell scatter. No artifacts were observed.
SDi-694. A large habitation site, extending for 1,200 feet along the top of a ridge at the north shore of the lagoon.
The shell midden is at least one foot deep in a road cut at
the southern edge of the site. Shell density varied considerabl but all areas of the site exhibit some shell. A variety of
artifacts were found on the surface: metate fragments, manos, mano fragments, hammerstonest cores, a scraper plane, utilized flakes and flakes. Although almost the entire site is in culti- vation, it is in extremely good condition.
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APPENDIX VI
THE RESULTS
OF
MR. CHARLES BULL'S
SITE DEFINITION ANALYSIS
POST HOLE TEST DATA SHEET
I
1 rn Organization:
Project:
Recorder :
Data P P
l coordinates from Datum; Bearing Dht. _-
cultural Material in Side Wall: Indicate approximate st~
position of any side wal 1 material t
Soil Changes:
Q ---I I-----.
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Hole abandoned due to: as: I 4
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38 I- t
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Maximum Depth:
Cultural hiaterial from Screen: :I 40
1 50 -
\I 6o t j
70 '1 .i I
II 80 L j
N jI
90 I 1
Notes:
I_
Indicate cultural and natural surface material below:
I 4 'I [Om
100 I-
C ma# ,
5m
List Symbols us
270 0 90
I Attachment 2.
180 VI-1
MUNSELL SOIL COLOR TABLE
This table indicates the Munsell Soil Color as found in the
postholes excavated on SDM-W-182.
Posthole Distance
Number Angle (meter) Munsell Soil Colo
1* 000 0 10 YR 4/2
2 210 20 10 YR 6/3
40 10 YR 6/4 3 210
4 210 60 10 YR 5/3
5 210 80 10 YR 6/3
6 210 100 10 YR 6/4
7 210 120 10 YR 6/4
8 210 140 10 YR 5/3
9 210 160 10 YR 6/3
10 210 180 10 YR 5/3
11 210 200 10 YR 5/3 (sub da.
11A 185 (from 11) 20 10 YR 6/3 11B 185 (") 40 10 YR 6/4 11c* 185 60 10 YR 4/3
11D* 185 80 18 YR 4/2 11E 185 100 10 YR 6/3
11F 185 120 10 YR 6/4
11H* 185 160 10 YR 3/2
11G 185 140 10 YR 5/3
* Possible midden areas
** Darknesses of 4/n are considered possible midden areas at tl location,
Attachment 3.
VI-2
;. , ....
_... " .- .
. n - ..A ,
. .. ,
Attachment 4. This map indicates the size re-assessment of
SDM-W-918 and SDM-W-919 p
VI-3 1
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*Vi+&&'*
r£-y,*f-
•>v"4 * :•;*'*". < "
-r
flfe* u ,, .*~^'>-l!& •/&."*"' -St^Vtr»' *» "**' " *ijl i"'j.^ ^f:'*-;mft fc^^'V* ^..r?^
-1 ^^j^t * ' ^ t^^ ^ ' ^ 'CX^H'^^di1"^ *<.#•*! ' "**"" * ^"'**• 4fe "-'^ - s ^^"^fe'w ^^nsi ^^ ' ^^f^ ^r*';
-?/ F^ - « r" ** CT*- J6»'. ^Js^lt *> * r^ Jto., >vs
*
,. rt*1':ft*4'! ?f W,*;3lS$'3& '"> "**- , v •-- -" ">..."' • I-!.'.*- "If**-* "* -\--- v>-,*'"t ct A\^ ^.-. > ^fe A -/ •,-. '\K**. • ,-,»-•-1""^ .-t-*' «^«iSy ^^.f^i'v^ S * •V'^^a.i.lTc ""?-".* -A''*™ ..-'"S.»;<N' -^J-^ 4.A.-V, x^*>'it *-,*-• , t- •*•, •» *,»iil:_i?Si*r«'JK*-«' 'jsW-te**,!*. «•-«,. > %-V *S.»"fe,;i'''-2.«^-." , .-;«?».»'. -.A ^'^ -s^V-,,* ^•"».<>'-f • *•""** »% .?4»',,*«.J1" . '..%,--'.', ltfi«'S'J,a^,'^T *.^'*v/"•"--„'- ,-4 "3Pf".«18.%.«* r-*1Vv*..'"r ... ,' '•' . .f-.*t'«>i;i "" r-*»^,*fc". ..X. "* _«>..yv . "
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E
LA COSTA MASTER PLAN
AMENDMENT
EXHIBIT A
May 15, 1976
Prepared by:
City of Carlsbad Planning Department
1200 Elm Avenue
Carlsbad, California 92008
(714) 729-0620
From information supplied by:
Jack Bevash Associates
fl' . 1900 Avenue of the Stars
,U Suite 1750
Los Angeles, California 90067
' . (213) 879-0603
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La Costa Land Company
Costa Del Mar Road
Carlsbad, California, 92008
(714) 438-9111
RECON
Rick Environmental Consultants
5620 Friers Road
San Diego, California 92110
(714) 299-9125
Rick Engineering Company
3088 Pic Pico Drive
Carlsbad, California 92008
(714) 729-4987
TABLE OF CONTENTS
Section • Page'
Conceptual Communities 1
Design Concepts and Programs. 7
Land Use . 11
Geologic and Seismic Safety,, Noise 13
Circulation 30
Parks and Open Space 33
Public Facilities.- '..... 37
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Introduction
This Master Plan document constitutes an amendment to and expansion of
the La Costa Master Plan first adopted by the Carlsbad City Council September 5,
1972 (Ordinance 9322).
The exhibits contained in this document reflect the total La Costa
community (5300 acres). However, the policies and programs adopted in this
text are applicable only to those lands zoned Planned Community (4026 acres).
Included in this Master Plan Amendment are lands not previously a part of the*.
La Costa Master Plan—El Camino Glens (436 acres), La Costa Northeast (132 acresK
and Bressi Ranch (717 acres). Approval of this Master Plan Amendment replaces
an app.-oved Master Plan on the latter property. Also included are two Planned
Community areas with approved subdivision maps: Vale, and Estates North.
APPROVAL OF THIS-MASTER PLAN INDICATES ACCEPTANCE BY THE CITY COUNCIL
OF A GENERAL SCHEME OF DEVELOPMENT FOR THE PROPERTY. IT ALSO EXPRESSES MITIGA-
TING MEASURES TO IMPACTS IDENTIFIED IN EIR-307. IT DOES NOT GUARANTEE THAT
INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENTS WITHIN THE MASTER PLAN BOUNDARY WILL-BE APPROVED.
INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENTS WILL BE EVALUATED IN ACCORD WITH MUNICIPAL ORDINANCES
AND POLICIES IN FORCE AT THE TIME OF PLAN SUBMITTAL. APPROVAL AND CONSTRUCTION
OF AN INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT UNDER THIS MASTER PLAN WILL NOT VEST ANY DEVELOP-
MENT RIGHTS IN THE BALANCE OF THE MASTER PLAN AREA.
THE CITY OF CARLSBAD AND LA COSTA LAND COMPANY BOTH RESERVE THE RIGHT
TO INITIATE AMENDMENTS TO THIS DOCUMENT. TO ENSURE THAT IT IS KEPT UP-TO-DATE,
CITY STAFF SHALL PREPARE AN ANNUAL INFORMAL STATUS REPORT ON THE PROGRESS OF THE
MASTER PLAN'S PROGRAMS. THE CITY SHALL CONDUCT A FORMAL REVIEW OF"THE DOCUMENT
EVERY THREE YEARS.
LA COSTA LAND jfi {
CO. BOUNDARY Jj
ifcrw
MEADOWLARK
RESORT ANDREC.AREA
LA COSTA LAND CO
BOUNDARIES
EL CAMINO
GLENS ANNEX
SHADED AREA IS EXISTING
"fcESOHT .COMMUNtTY *
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The Community Concepts of La Costa
La Costa was begun in 1963 as an exclusive recreation and resort
community. In recent years La Costa Land Company has turned its attention
toward development of three new, more varied and diversified communities
aimed at serving a heterogeneous population.
The Existing La Costa Community
The "resort community" includes the existing developed areas within
and adjoining the golf course, tennis complex, the club, the hotel and spa.
Included in this community are the Vale and Estates North developments
covered by this-amendment. The community is bounded generally by El Camino
Real on the west, the highlands'• overlooking the golf course south of La
Costa Avenue, the upper elevations of La Costa Vale on the east, to San
Marcos Canyon, and Estates North and Alga Hills on the north.
The homes and condominiums within the resort complex orient towards
and identify strongly with the resort-recreational elements at the heart
of this community. Although many owners and users of the facilities are
transient and seasonal visitors, there is a growing trend toward more .
permanent residency.
Adjacent to the resort elements lie a group of existing residential
neighborhoods where the relationship to the resort facilities is more visual
than real. Residents and owners in these neighborhoods overlook the open
space and recreational facilities from the higher terrain elevations without
significant participation in resort activities. These might include the
.neighborhoods of Green Valley Knolls, La Costa South, La Costa Vale,
Estates North, and La Costa Meadows.
^<sv —
— ^>j&\
ALGA HILLS
LA COSTA
ESTATES NORTH .A-COJJA
^VALLEY.
ALICANTE HILLS
BS-5?
COURTS7 COSTA
VALE .
£•• N
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New La Costa Communities •
The three new La Costa communities can best be identified by their
direction from the resort community—La Costa North, La Costa Northeast,
and La Costa Far South.
La Costa North
North of the resort community on a 717 acre parcel, La Costa
proposes a new community which will focus on a new golf course and
tennis facilities'. Because of the special and unusual topographic.
configuration of this land, this community is self-contained with
lands rising on all sides overlooking the valley areas in which golf
facilities are to be developed. Emphasis will be placed on creating'
another quality residential environment whose focus will be golf and
tennis.
Although it is envisioned as a community of primarily single-
family, detached residences, provision is mad& in the community for
a variety of housing types and densities, to allow diversity in
family types, size, and life styles.
Studies are now in progress as to the feasibility of including
a lake in the valley area of this community. A related swim and sail
club would add a new dimension for resident and owner participation.
LA COSTA ,~
• «M>V »
ADOU/S
LARGE HOMES=»-^
LARGE HOMES
LARGE HOMES
TOWNHOUSES
ALGA GLENS
La Costa Northeast
Another type of community is proposed for Rancho La Costa
within the highland areas between the Meadows Community and San
Marcos Canyon. A large-parcel ranch estate community , "The Rancheros",
is planned to accommodate those who prefer more rural, open and natural
terrain, with country atmosphere, lower densities, and the feeling of
open space. In this community rural-type roads will fit the natural
topography.and give access to predominantly larger ranch parcels.
Hiking .and riding trails will be extended through the community, linking
with upper San Marcos Canyon.
On a pocket of land between the foothills of the Rancheros on the-
west, the upper San Marcos Canyon on the south, and the Industrial Park
facilities on the east, a neighborhood of lower priced homes of medium density
is proposed. Moderately priced housing could be provided in this neighborhood
for individuals who work in southeast Carlsbad.
CLUSTERED/
LA COSTA
^Vr^ cpLARK AREA
~~<~ "~~* .MOBILE/
' MODULAR HOMESmeADOuys
RANCH STYLE HOMES.
HERO5
RANCH STYLE HOMES
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La Costa Far South
At the far southern extremities of La Costa, out of the sight and
sounds.of the resort community, are lands planned for a new and more diverse
kind of community.
Instead of the golf course and resort facilities of the Far North,
a "string of parks" with playfields, bike paths, and a variety of passive
and active recreational facflHies is proposed. The string of parks will
traverse the comnunity from east to west, joining varied open spaces and
recreation-areas, both active and passive, some public, some private, serving
the neighborhoods, the community, and Carlsbad as well.
Joining the string of parks in giving the Far South definition will
4 tbe the "Community Core". The Community Core will provide a center for
community activities serving present and future residents of La Costa and
LA COSTA
SOUTH
the developing properties to the south and east. In addition,- it may serve
many residents of Carlsbad and the greater community at large through
development of facilities which complement or broaden those already existing
in other areas of the city and county.
When completed the Community Core will be composed of well-integrated
residential, commercial and institutional'structures and uses. While it i_s
proposed that retail shops, restaurants, theatres, banking and offices be
a part of the core, it is essential that public, quasi-public, religious,
cultural and educational facilities be encouraged as well, to add vitality
and meaning to this focal center.
Several neighborhoods are planned in the Far South with a housing
mix aimed at meeting the varied housing demands of the population expected
in the years ahead.
^ PARK>"*r?£?
•^^^ TOWNHOUSES
^S», * *
^^ SINGLE FAMILY ^
C3. <^ • .
*•*• Cb
MULTIPLE FAMILY
^ ^
^^ SAMTA FE
GLENS
SANTA FF KNOLLS
RANCH STYLE HOMES
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design
concepts
- 9 -
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The character and design of Rancho La Costa have been well established
since its early beginnings. Using a combination of building materials and
rich, varied plant materials, La Costa has set a tone and quality fitting and
compatible with the topography, climate and character of the area in which the
community is being developed. Its character and design is strongly reflective
of the Southern California look and draws heavily from the early Hispano-
Mexican-American tradition.
Several factors are involved in- continuing the distinct character and
design of Rancho La Costa. First, La Costa Land Company has encouraged good
design by setting good examples in the resort buildings it has constructed.
This practice will be continued in the future. Second, good design is
stimulated through the use of carefully drawn and enforced covenants, controls
and restrictions (C.C.& R.s) which are administered by an Architectural
Advisory and Control Committee established by La Costa Land Company. Guidelines
are spelled out affecting such design factors as building materials, color
and texture, building setbacks, screening, fencing, signing , lighting, plant
materials and landscaping.
Third, the character of the La Costa community is defined at its
principal entrances. The principal entrances, to La Costa are from major
arterial roads such as El Camino Real and Rancho Santa Fe Road. These arterial
entrances will continue to give strong visual entry identification to
La Costa. This identification is achieved by combining signing, lighting,
and landscaping. As additional major entrances are opened to the new
communities, they will be given similar treatment.
La Costa Land Company has proposed a comprehensive sign program that
will give directions and identify individual neighborhoods and communities.
The proposed program includes size, location, aesthetic, and maintenance
considerations.
Finally, it is proposed that while all communities have a strong
La Costa theme, each will have a separate and distinct identity, name and
symbol reflecting its special design characteristics within the La Costa
Community.
In addition to these design programs, the following design conditions
shall be adhered to in individual neighborhood developments:
11} Drought and &in.e.-tieAi&tant native. tand&caping bhatt. be. o&ed!
in. the. pwje.ct an.ua.
(2) A£C fiutusie. de.veZopme.nti> within the. Matte*. Plan o/tea &hatt
utilize. uiheAnveA. fieMibte. the. fallowing eneJigy-taving te.ch-
iu.qu.e4, &u.c.h a&:
(a) An.c.hite.ctu*al design uohiah /teduae* window and dooi opening*
and take* advantage, o^ winter. &un and bummex. &hade.;
(6) In&ulation fan. aJUL &t/matafieA acwiding to State. &£andandi>;
[c.) Sola*, heating ^01 both &pac.e. and wate/i heating;
(d) Landscaping u&ing de.cu.duou& tn.e.u. [to &hade. in Aummet. and
attoui tuntight in. laint&n.) and
Design
Conditions
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- 12 -
Introduction
La Costa is planned as an integrated community with a variety of
residential uses and densities, supported by commercial and office service
areas, intermingled with park and open space corridors. This element
describes these varied uses, their relationship to each other, and their
development over time.
Residential Communities
The amended Master Plan proposes the following housing styles in
the outlying communities:
Dwellings per Acre*
Single-family Detached Homes 0-4
Clustered Garden-type Townhouses '. 4-10
Mobile-Modular Homes 4-10
Large, Single-family Detached Homes 0-4
Ranch-style Homes • 0-1.5
'Multiple-unit Apartments and Condominiums 10-20
It -C5 the. -intent. o£ the. ame.nde.d Ma&teA. Plan to bx.oa.dw the.
o£ e.x£&ting La Co&ta. to -in cJLuAi a.
the. catty-ing aommunitiu; to piov-ide. a Q/ieateA variety
opportunities -in these.
-en
Housing
Objective
* NOTE: Where specific numbers of dwellings are cited in this text, its
exhibits and tables, they represent the maximum number allowable under 'this
Master Plan amendment. Maximum densities are used for population/utility
projection purposes only, and do not constitute development approval for that
number of units. The actual number of units allowed in any area will be ap-
proved in terms of the development conditions of this Master Plan and appli-
cable City policies and ordinances.
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La Costa North . '
The resort atmosphere of this community will appeal to the same
housing market served by core La Costa—second-homeowners, visitors, and
recreationalists.
To achieve this atmosphere the majority of the community will be
made up of large, single-family detached homes. These homes will front upon
a major, private recreation facility, such a.s a new golf course extension,
and/or a man-made lake with swim and sa'il .club. Clusters of townhouses will
be located in several areas of flatter topography, while single-family homes,
will over-look the open space and recreation features from the surrounding
hillsides. Elementary schools will be developed to' serve the permanent
residential population of the 'community. . . .
Method of Development: La Costa Land Company proposes to sell the
single-family lots on an individual basis or to selected builders for custom
home construction. Development of the clustered garden-type townhouses will
be accomplished through a series of developer packages.
• • SUMMARY
Maximum Large Home Units
Maximum Townhouse Units
Maximum Total Units
Maximum Total Population
2400
1320
3720
10,104
See Appendix A for constants used in projections.
LA COSTA NORTH
/PARK
SR——r^
LARGE HOMES
CLUSTERED GARDEN-TYPE
TOWHOUSES
SAN MARCC
CREEK PARFUERTE
PARK
WOT A PART-
S.M-C.W.D.NOT A PART
S.D.G.SE.
0 800 !600 2400
- H -
La Costa Northeast •
The topography of this community suggests that two distinct neighborhoods
be created. The Master Plan accentuates these differences by proposing ranch-
style homes on large land parcels on the hills overlooking San Marcos Canyon,
and higher density clusters to the north and east. An elementary school will
be developed in the northeastern corner of the community to serve the residential
population.
La Cos.ta Land Company may request approval to develop a mobile-modular
home community in -the area designated for Clustered Garden Townhouse use. As
such, any request will conform to normal City processing requirements for
mobile-modular home parks (Section 21.42, Conditional Uses, C.M.C.).
Method of Development: La Costa proposes to sell the ranch-style
parcels on an individual basis for custom construction. Development of the
clustered garden-type townhouses and multiple units will be accomplished
through a series of developer packages.
SUMMARY
Maximum Ranch-style Units 513' •
Maximum Townhouse & Mobile/Modular Units 1,320
Maximum Multiple Units . . 260
Maximum Total Units 2,093
• *Maximum Total Population 5,015
See Appendix A for constants used in projections.
MULTIPLE UNITS
RANCH-STYLE HOMES
CLUSTERED GARDEN-TYPE
TOWNHOUSES/MODULAR
HOMES
0 600 J600 2400
SCALE IN FEET ,
SAWMASC
CREEK P
NOT A PART
S.D.G.«E.
/ wr~^£^3==! • >:W^rvD ^^A\
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NOT A PART
0.0.
C.M.W.D.
.-.-.ELCAMINO GLENS \
- 15 -
MULTIPLE UNITS
H RANCH STYLfvHOMES
HH SINGLE "FAMILY HOMES
^^ CLUSTERED GARDEN-TYPE TOWNHOUSES .
.La Costa Far South
It Is La Costa's intent to develop the Far South into a family-
oriented community housing a heterogeneous population.
The topography of the community and its major circulation
'corridors suggest the development of several distinct neighborhoods,
linked by a "string of parks" and joined to a "community core". .
Following the natural topography north-south and east-west will be
belts of single-family detached housing, An area for ranch-style
homes on large, natural land parcels will be set aside in the
northeast. Areas of clustered garden-style, townhouses and multiple
units will be located adjacent to major circulation corridors and
service centers. A high school in the southeast corner, and three
elementary schools will be developed to serve the residential popu-
lation. . ' .
Method of development: La Costa Land,Company proposes to sell
major single-family subdivisions to developers for home package devel-
opment within the approved Master Plan. Development of the ranch-
style homes on'steeper terrain will be accomplished on a custom, lot
by lot basis. Development of the townhouses and multiple units will
be accomplished through a series of developer backages.
SUMMARY •
Maximum Single-family Detached Units
Maximum Ranch-style Units
Maximum Townhouse Units ' •
Maximum Multiple Units
Maximum Total Units
Maximum Total Population
3,564
770
2,360
1,960
8,654
22,505
See Appendix A for constants.used in projections.
La Costa Commercial, Office,
and Institutional Areas
.When completed, the La Costa development will include a variety of
supportive uses.
Residential It -L& the. JMwt o& thz amended Mcu>teA Plan to ptov.tde
Support o^-cce and i.m>tUutiona£ AeAvlcu uM.ch wUJL t,eA\ie. the.
Objective community, in location!, acce44-cb£e to La. Co&ta. iu-ide.nt&,
La Co&ta.
Proposed Outlying Community Service Centers
Four areas are planned for future -service centers in the Far South.
These areas can be .classified as travel service,. neighborhood commercial,
and community core uses.
Travel Service: Uses in these areas may include motels, service
stations, restaurants, and other services oriented to the traveling public.
Two areas have been designated in the amended Master Plan—the southeast
corner of Mision Estancia East and Rancho Santa Fe Road; and an area on the
east side of El Camino Real between Mision Estancia West and Olivenhain
Road.
Neighborhood Commercial: Use of this area may include a supermarket,
drug store, and other uses serving a group of adjacent neighborhoods. Neighbor-
hood commercial centers have been located on the north side of Mision Estancia
West mid-way between El Camino Real and Rancho Santa Fe Road, and within the
Community Core.
Community Core: The Master Plan proposes a Community Core for a large
area at the intersection of La Costa Avenue extension, easterly of Rancho
Santa Fe Road. The Community Core may include townhouse and multiple-unit
residences, restaurants, movie theaters, banks, a department store; financial,
insurance and real estate offices; religious, personal and professional
services. Additional space will be set aside for possible use as offices for
public and quasi-public agencies, a library, or other cultural-educational
facilities serving a broad segment of the North County population. The
Community Core will be designed to serve the residents of the neighborhoods
in the Far South, all of the other La Costa communities, as well as areas to
the north and south.
»Because of the integration of uses proposed for the Community Core,
a site development plan for the area, except for the park site, will be
submitted to the City for approval prior to development.
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C f -p
f J .f I ^d 4^^"^ / ^._>" Ai \ i Wx^/'f:%^r==^
& ^—^T?^-^ ^4J X7^N§^>
' -- 5 GOLF. COURSE ^-- • ^*- ^ "
<^— •** v\ vu; ^
Sr^-^S?*. ^;> ^ ^ Hi ACANY
|L^^^^l^^
7?
&OT A PART
L.C.W.D.*%>^
*""?.:--Xt?. .gi^CAMlNO GLENS \;
-•"^•:>>.R4RK.,j V,.-«U/ :V- V.-.*&*% -v :» •:-.<.?
\==ss^'^ ^T==t.3l««tHi r~ii)-STAGE COACH "<;i.
PARK /wc\ ..--!
OLIVEMHAIN.
— RDAO OFFICE
COMMERCIAL
NEIGHBORHOOD COMMERCIAL
TRAVEL SERVICE
SPECIAL TREATMENT AREA
(COMMUNITY CORE)
-.18 -
Parks & Open;Space
Because they play such a major role in La Costa, Parks and Open
Space are discussed at length in their own section. This section
describes the relationship of Parks and Open Space to the other land uses
in the amended Master Plan.
It £i> thz intent o& the. amended Ma&te/i P.Lan to utilize, open
4pa.ce conju.donjt to de^-tne di&tinct. ne^ighbon.kood&t to u&e.
' tliejn 04 a meam o& pai-i-cve aceeii between ne^ighbofihooa^, and
to
p .
Objective tlieAe.
It 4A the. <inte.nt OjJ the. amended. Ma&teA Plan to &it a&-Lde. . .
mLtaht.it. >Le.cJizationaJL aAeAi> fan. CUty ?a/di uAe., and to augment
uiith p>u.v&t.e. niighbonhood paA/w and n.e.cA.zatLon
to -tncAeuie mu.QhbonJn.ood c.oku-Lon and
To meet these objectives La Costa has designated several important...
open space corridors, strategic park and historical sites. These are
identified in the Exhibit on the opposite page. In designing individual
neighborhoods La Costa will include open space links and private park/
recreational sites in accordance with the criteria described in the Parks
and Open Space section.
-// >NOTA PART. y/
#{$!) S.D.G.4E. ft'^<«N^C.M.W.D. //<UV^$ft- . £1 ^/ / ALGAp.'
/' .?/^fe>./7 HILLS. /
?/r Jl /^//^PARKV$•$£ I. ^ma»
' '*ir> * t*« T*. * .'»«*», •••*"-**•-.-•». ^ *v>s- p -jf. -
W>^ ' GOLf 'c^"^^^
•• W\ ' *£*-^ "^^N
\pA . ""'::!•••'^ EL CAMIWO GLENS \|\\ \\ ' i-ffrXSZliftARKr.-* M4\ "" " ". ,fr<a-i..«rii/" '••/' ^ I~ * I
Access
VISUAL £ COMMUNITY BUFFER
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The development of the three future La Costa communities is projected
to occur over a fifteen-year period. No plan can project the precise
sequence in which the various neighborhoods comprising these communities
will be constructed. At this time development can be projected to occur
in three phases, each of approximately five years duration.
Phasing It -L& the. Jintznt o£ the. amended Ma&teM. P£aw to dtLveJLop the.
jec ive Qutiyjjtg £a Co&ta. comiminitleA Jin a. &e.qu.e.nc.e. o{,
nejjjhbo'ikaodi,, Jin. a. manneA ai-iu/iouj the. prompt,
0(5 public.
Based on this objective, the phasing for each community as it is
now projected is outlined in the following pages.
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SUMMARY
La Costa at Completion
(calculated
permitted
Existing
Resort1 Community*
Single-family dwelling Units 2,066
Multiple-family dwelling
Population
Private Vehicles
Students
Gas Consumption
(1000 CF/Mo.)
Electrical Consumption
(1000 KMH/Mo.)
Solid Waste Generation
(Ibs./day) -
Sewage Generation
(1000 GPD)
Water Consumption
Units 8,432
24,750
17,847
1,505
47,661
6,068
139,838
2,104
3,713
at maximum
densities) +
Future •
La Costa
Communities
7,247
7,220
37,625
24,593
3,040
65,680.1
13,972
212,581"
3,198
5,643.8
Total
9,313
15,652
62,375
42,440
4,545
65,727.8
20,040
352,419
5,, 302
9,357
(1000 GPD)
+ See Appendix A for constants used in projections.
* Includes Vale and Estates North
- 20 -
La Costa North
During Phase I, development of large, single-family detached homes will
begin adjacent to Carrillo Way, and include development of the major private
recreation facility and some townhouses.
The development of large, single-family detached homes will continue
during Phase II and include additional townhouses.
Phase III will see the"completion of the large, single-family detached'
home and townhouse neighborhoods.
SUMMARY
(calculated at maximum permitted densities)*
Phase Phase Phase
T , II • III Totals.
Single-family dwelling Units 1,300
Multiple-family dwelling Units 440
Population
Private Vehicles
Students
Gas Consumption
(1000 CF/Mo)
Electrical Consumption
(1000 KWH/Ho)
Solid Waste Generation
(Ibj./day) .
• Sewage Generation
(1000 GPD)
Water Consumption
(1000 GPD)
*See Appendix A for constants used in projections,
1,300
; 440
4,868
2,958
460
7,899.6
1,005.7
9,831
413.8
730.2
672
200
2,456
1,482
236
3,958.9
504.0
4,927
. 208.8
368.4
428
680
2,780
0
1,884
. 203
5,030.3
640.4
6,260
236.3
417.0
. 2,400
1,320
1,0,104 '
6,324
899
16,888.8
2,150.1
21,018
858.9
1,515.6
LA COSTA NORTH
PARK,
!••• INDICATES PHASE
SAN MAR
CREEK P>
MOT A BARS.M.C.W.D.NOT A PART
800 J6CK3 2400
F us rs-cr
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PARK
0 800 1600 2400
"SCALE IN FEET
INDICATES PHASE
^%""1 EN "^. 'V^™^^^y^%.
- 21 -
La Costa Northeast
In Phase I the ranch-style homes on larger lots are expected to be
developed. These homes are expected to be developed on natural terrain with
minimal disturbance to existing topography, using rural standards and improve-
ments. Equestrian facilities and trails systems will be developed to link the
southern-portion of the property to San Marcos Canyon and extend north and
south along the eastern boundary of La Costa. In addition.multi-family and
mobile-modular homes will be developed below the foothills of the ranch-style
homes eastward toward Melrose Avenue and the neighboring Industrial Park.
During Phase II, development of clustered townhouses will commence on
the northern area adjacent to the Carrillo property.
During Phase III development of the townhouses and the multi-f.'imily
units in the northwest will be completed.
SUMMARY
' ' (calculated at maximum densities)*
Single-family dwelling Units
Multiple-family dwelling Units
Population
Private Vehicles
Students
Gas Consumption
(1000 CF/Mo)
Electrical Consumption
•(1000 KWH/Mo)
Solid Waste Generation
Obs./day)
Sewage Generation (1000 GPD)
Water Consumption(1000 GPD)
Phase
I
513
700
3,079
2,062
234
5,507
701.1
6,853
261.7
461.9
Phase'
II
--
'620
1,364
1,054
63 t.
2,814.8
358.4
3,503
115,9.
204.6
Phase
in ; »
—
260
572
442
26
1,180.4 '
150.3
1,469
48.6
85.8
Totals
513
1,580
5,015
3,558
323
9,502.2
1,209.8
11,825
426.2
752.3
*See.Appendix A for constants used in projection. '
-22 -
La Costa Far South
Phase I development will include the development of single-family and
townhouse units adjacent El Camino Real, a portion of the community core,
and single-family and townhouse units on both sides of Rancho Santa Fe Road.
During Phase II townhouse and multiple units will be constructed on
both sides of Mision Estancia West. The Community Core will be expanded,
X
and additional single-fanrTVy, townhouse, multiple umts, and ranch-style
units will be constructed east of Rancho Santa Fe Road. Single-family and
ranch-style homes will begin to appear in the north end of the community.
V
During Phase III the remaining residential areas of the Far South
will be constructed. ;
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SUMMARY
• .(calculated at maximum densities)*
Phase Phase " Phase
Single-family dweUing Units
• Multiple- family dwelling
Uni ts
Population
Private Vehicles
Students
Gas Consumption
(1000 CF/Mo)
Electrical Consumption
(1000 KWH/Mo)
Solid Waste Generation
(Ibs./day)
Sewage Generation
(1000 GPD)
Water Consumption
(1000 GPD)
I
1,526
2,720
10,562
7,218
761
19,276.8
2,454.2
23,990
897.8
1,584.3
II
2,355
870
8,982
5,484
840
14,646.0
. 1,864.6
18,227
763.5
1,347.3
III
452
730
2,962
2,009
217
5,366.3
683.2
6,678
251.8
444.3
Totals
4,334
4,320
22,506
14,711
1,818
39,289.1
5,002.0
48,895
1,913.1
3,375.9
See Appendix-A for constants used 1n projection.
\l : ' "S^ - * • ~ • 4?\' ._j^ i^N ...I'- II J-*<
Lr'^T'-^^T^s. ^Cl# /-NOTA PART j^
^liJ} %^^^^|M^OE: . /
7*^*^1' / // "*'?"—• -»"^^' "• * N*Ok*«*V. * ^*
• ft /S^///^.ALGA^.j.^§>; &
^f-'f-f^ff HILLS/v ^^S/ '.
?£!• &' J' /^^PARK7/ ^=^^C^f f•/ / ff>''f- ••? *r-'A- 4,3 w;.g? It %--S^lcf^•}J- 'x/ ••^•"'
•v 'vt; ;^xiM?
iis.?.^- • »*?>:mfe^-v.f^tl?
T- INDICATES PHASE
noise
geologic & seismic so
- 24 -
Existing Geotechnical Ha'zards
i
La Costa is located in an area of diverse geology. While this
diversity contributes to the natural beauty of the community, it also
poses potential problems in developing parts of the community.
The Exhibit on the opposite page shows the geotechnical conditions
existing in La Costa. These include:\
- A landslide area at the head of San Marcos Canyon
- Deep Alluvium soils in the Far.South and North
- La Jolla Group soils, particularly in the Far South and North
- Other relatively stable units, particularly in the Far South
and Northeast.
These conditions are translated .into Engineering Studies needed on
pages 26-27. .
None of the existfng geotechnical conditions within La Costa would
preclude development. All of the community developments^ described in
the Land Use Element can be made safe if approporiate engineering
studies and construction techniques are followed.
It i& the. intent o& the. amended MasteA Plan, to pn.ote.ct the.
Geotechnical public &n.om eMth.qua.kej>, floods and otheA natuAal ha.zafl.di>,
to avoid costly Aemedial construction due. to geologic
conditions, and to insuAe that alterations to the. natuAal
topography n.etain a natural appearance..
Safety
Objective
shatl be limited to the minimum areas necessary to
Geotechnical accomplish the development permitted by the Master Plan.
Safety Where grading impacts are faund to be excessive fan. the
Conditions intensity of, planned/permitted development> alternative
project designs or. Less intensive uses shall, be considered.
12) Vegetation-cleaning -operations shaJLl be. made no more than
Jbao weeks in advance. °i
Geotechnical
Safety .
Conditions
(3) No grading shall, occur during the months of, NovembeA through
March, except when special measures can be taken to control,
sittatipn. This condition shall, be met to the satisfaction o{
the City Engineer.
(4) Drainage facilities required by the City Engineer shatl be
constructed concurrent with grading activities. • •
(5) A££ graded surfaces shatl be watered and rotled to farm a
compacted cap of, soil, of, optimum density.
(6) Surfaces shatl be graded to direct runoff, toward planned
drainages and, wherever possible, away f,rom cut-and-^itl stapes.
• (7) Ground cover shatl be planted on appropriate slopes upon
completion of, grading activities. This ground cover. shaJU. be,
irrigated to the satisfaction of, the City Engineer -to
maximize erosion control.
IS) During construction, City Building and EngineeAing inspectors
shall, ensure that all. waste chemicals [especially pcints,
and lubricants] are properly contained and transported
where they can be recycled or properly destroyed.
(9) Prior to development of, any portion of, the Master. Plan area,
that pontion shatl have the necessary engineering studies
completed by a qualified engineer.. ~A.ny construction techniques
recommended by the^studies .shaUL be utilized. » •
The figures on pages 26-27 show what studies will need to be
accomplished in each community to determine appropriate grading and construction
techniques.
Legend
> -^j%&3 LANDSLIDES- Generally on north facing slopes along najor stream.
DEEP ALLUVIUM- Relatively soft and compressible, saturated de-
posits of silts, clays and sands, seismic and
flood hazards.
LA JOLLA GROUP- Highly susceptible to erosion; develops badlands
, topography.
OTHER GEOLOGIC UNITS- Relatively stable units; grading nay be
difficult in ignous and metaiaorphic rocks.
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LA COSTA
NOKTH
PARK
0 800 1600 :'400
SCALf IN fFFT
SAN MARCOS
CREEK PARK
EXISTING 6EOTECHNICAL HAZARDS
- 25 -
a
Area
Terrace deposits,
Alluvium east of
El Camino- Real .
La Jolla' Group
Development
Residential 4
Commercial
Critical
Structures
Residential &
Commercial
Critical
•Structures
Igneous Rocks, Residential
Metamorphic Rocks, • .
Lusardi Formation, .
Point Loma Formation .
Critical
Structures
Landslides Residential
Alluvium west of Residential
El Camino Real
Investigations.Needed
- Routine Engineering Geologic Invest.
- Routine Soil & Foundation Invest.
- Routine Slope Stability Invest.4 Aral.
- .Routine Seismic Hazard Invest. 4 AnaT.
- Routine Erosion Control Invest.
- Routine Engineering -Geologic Invest.
- Routine Soil & Foundation Invest.
- Routine Slope Stability Invest.4 Anal.
- Detailed Seismic Hazard Invest.4 Anal.
- Routine Erosion Control Invest.
- Routine Engineering Geologic Invest.
- Routine Soil & Foundation Invest.
- Routine Slope Stability Invest. 4 Anal.
- Routine Seismic Hazard Invest. 4 Anal.
- Detailed Erosion Control Invest. .
- Detailed Engineering Geologic Invest.
- Routine Soil & Foundation Invest.
- Detailed'siope Stability Invest.4 Anal.
- Routine Seismic Hazard Invest.S Anal.
- Detailed Erosion Control Invest.
Detailed Engineering Geologic Invest.
Detailed Seismic Hazard Invest.4Anal.
Routine Slope Stability Invest. 4 Anal.
Routine Soil & Foundation Invest.
Detailed Geophysical Invest, to
determine excavation char's of rock.
Commercial ' - Detailed Engineering Geologic Invest.
- Routine'Seismic Hazard Invest. 4 Aral.
- Routine Slope Stability Invest.S Anal.--Routine Soil 4 Foundation Invest.
- Detailed Geophysical Invest, to
determine excavation char's of rocks. '
- Detailed Engineering Geologic Invest.
- Detailed Seismic Hazard Invest.4 Anal.
- Detailed Slope Stability Invest. 4 Anal.
- Routine Soil 4 Foundation Invest.
- Detailed Geophysical Invest, todetermine excavation char's of rocks.
- Detailed Engineering Geologic Invest.
- Detailed Slope Stability Invest.S Anal.- Detailed Soil 4 Foundation Invest.
- Routine Seismic Hazard Invest.4 Anal.
Detailed Soil and Foundation Invest.
Routine Seismic Hazard Invest. 4 Anal.
Routine Flooding Potential Invest.
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LA COSTA
NORTH
.PARK
0 800 1600
SCALL IN FEFT
ENGINEERING INVESTIGATIONS NEEDED.
- 28 -
• Noise
A community with the variety and intensity of land uses planned for
La Costa must make careful provisions to minimize its potential noise problems.
It, i& the. intent 0(J the. amended Ma&ter Vitun. to provide and maintain.Noise
Objective a healthy acow&tic environment {ox. oJUL La. Co&ta re&ident&.
Land uses relate to notse in two ways: _ .
- They can be particularly sensitive to excessive noise levels; or
- They can generate noise levels excessive for surrounding land uses.
Noise Sensitive Land Uses •
The following l.and uses in the Master Plan are no.ise sensitive: •
*
- Residences»
- Schools
\
- Libraries
- Passive Parks, Nature Areas
- Auditoriums . ' .
- Amphitheatres
- Churches ,
.The planning of land uses in the Master Plan has taken into account these
sensitive land uses. Minimizing noise impacts in residential areas can best be
accomplished at the time of land subdivision/construction. School sites have been
located away from major sources of traffic noise, and additionally must meet State
Board of Education site selection requirements. Parks and open spaces have also
generally been located away from the sources of traffic noise. The remaining
sensitive uses have been grouped in the Community Core.
Noise-
sensitive
Land Uses
Conditions
1. Ml residence* and &chool& shall, be sited and constructed in such
a manner that they mint City and applicable. Sate. noi&e standards in
faon.ce at. the. time. ofa construction.
2. The. Community Coie. shall be designed, and individual buildings
constructed, -in such a manneA that, noi&e sensitive uses are not
subject to no-tie levels in. exceii o£ City and applicable. State, noi&e.'
&tandaAd& in faon.ce. at the. time. o$ construction.
Noise Generators
The primary noise generators presently affecting or expected to affect
La Costa are:
- Highway and street noise
- Offroad vehicle noise^
- Construction noise
- Airport noise
- Active parks
To minimize the impacts of these noise generators the following policies will
thall be. planned to a& to minimize, noi&e.
be adhered to throughout La Costa.
(7) The. location o$
impact* on Aen&itive, a/tea*. •
(Z) Inc/teaied &'etback& and/on. &olid ban/iieAj, thall be. in&talled
na.c.ut>aJuj to pn.ote.ct &en&itive. 04 e& adjoining majon. Aoadtcat/i.
(3) Tn.a^ic fau.nctiont> &haJUL be. n.e.\iieiae.d ptiox. to load' dc&ign to
minimize, the. need faon. e.x.cu&ive. biaking on. acceleration.. Ptuvate.
n.oadtaayi> thall be. ke.pt in n.ea& enable. n.e.pain. to reduce tUie. noi&e..
{4} La Co&ta Land Company A hall po&t prohibition* again&t o^-road
vehicle, a&e on itt> ptiivately owned land where, apptopniate..
(5) All con&tAaction in the. pn.oje.ct area. t>haJUL ocean, during nonmal
daytime working hour& (7:00 A.M. to 4:30 P.M. Monday through Saturday}
Noise
Generator
Conditions
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Introduction
The circulation needs of the La Costa Community are as varied as the
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housing and neighborhood styles planned for. As described in the Conceptu- ™
alized Communities section, streets, bikeways, pedestrian, and equestrian ••D
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paths have been located throughout the Master Plan area to reinforce indi-
vidual neighborhood character. Bikeway and pedestrian paths have also been . _
located to promote their use for travel between neighborhoods within La if
Costa. Finally, the La Costa circulation plan reflects the City of
Carlsbad's General Plan Circulation Element, and its concern for a balanced,
City-wide circulation system.^ . '
It ij> the. i.nte.nt o£ the. amended Ma&teM. Plan to pwvi.de. defined . I
position* 0({ the. accompanying *t>ie.et, bikeiaay, pedutsiian and
e.qu.utnian neJwonk* concusinent with the. de.veJLopment o£ indi.- •
-i •, t-' vi.duaZ nziAhboihood*. It i& the. intznt o& the. amended Mai-te/i I^11 CLI i d t* on , ^^>
Objective Plan to fiaciZitatz wheneveA po*&ible.,the< linking o& tho&e. bikeaaay*t
pe.deAt>iian and e.qu.eAtnia.n path* to be. in*tall.ed in Butane, neigh-
bonhovdi, itiitk tho&e. planned uicthin the. existing La to*ta.
Community, . •
• It Jut* fiu/itheA the. intent o{, the. amended ttaj>teji Plan, to design •
circulation facilities and SLeJtat&d land aiei in *u.ch a. uay that I
ovejiatt ejivinonmnntaJL impact* asie, minimized.
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Street Program
The La Costa Master Plan includes ten major streets shown in the City of
Carlsbcd General Plan Circulation Element. These streets, their function, and
their planned right-of-ways are the following:
Street Function Right-of- May (feet)
Carillo Way
Alga Road
Alicante Road .
El Fuerte Street •'
Mel rose Avenue
La Costa Avenue
Mision Estancia, East & West
Olivenhain Road.
Rancho Santa Fe Road
El Camino Real
Secondary Arterial
Major Arterial
Secondary Arterial
Secondary Arterial
Prime Arterial
Secondary Arterial
Secondary Arterial
Major Arterial
Major Arterial
Prime Arterial
84
102
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84
126
84
84
102
102
126
Streets and
Transit
Conditions
(7) The property owner shatt dedicate, design, and construct alt public roads
iit. such phases that adequate vehicular circulation is maintained throughout
the community. • ,
(2) Except where modified to accommodate bikeways or pedestrian paths, att
streets and roads shatt meet adopted City standards far vertical and hori.- .
zon-tal cross.-sections wliich may be in farce at the time, o& development.
(3) Tragic signalization shall be provided at street intersections at such
times as tragic signals are warranted by City policy. Implementation ofr
appropriate signalization shatt be accomplished in accordance with City
Policy which is in farce at the tune o& development.
{4} Direct access £rom single-family residential properties fronting onto
arterial streets (S4 faet or greater) shall not be atlowed.
(5) Median openings on prime (726 faot) and major (702 fact) arterial streets
sliatt not occur closer than 1200 £eet apart except as approved by the City
er.gineer.
(•£) The use o^ private streets in lieu o£ iutt public access shatl be considered
on a case-by-case basis at the time o{, development, providing that tlie private
streets are constructed in confarmance with City standards.
(7) La Costa Land Company shall take into consideration existing and potential
public transit routes and stop locations in designing individual developments
aithin the Master Plan area.
(6) La Costa Land Company shall adhere, to policies o£ the City o& Carlsbad and
the tJorth County Trans-Ut 'System pertaining to the. provisions oi transit
{acitities.
BIKE PATH
.. PEDESTRIAN-BIKE PATH
PEDESTRIAN PATH
EQUESTRIAN TRAIL
= =. = S.D-G.fE. EASEMENTS/
PEDESTRIAN LINKS
LA COSTA'BOUNDARY
MAJOR STREETS
- 32 -
Bikeway, Pedestrian, and Equestrian Program
The La Costa Master Plan makes use of extensive bikeway and pedestrian
netwo-ks to link the major service and recreation attractions of the Community.
These networks-reflect both the City's Circulation policy of incorporating
bikeways within or near all major and prime arterials, and the City's policy .
of incorporating paths which are a minimum of 20 feet in width in open space
corridors. Reflecting their more family-oriented neighborhoods, additional
independent .bikeways are planned for La Costa Far South and Northeast. Finally,
the rural atmosphere to be achieved in the Northeast will be heightened by ,
the provision of equestrian paths and facilities in that community.
'{7) The. applicant shall design, and con&truct all bikeways in accordance, with
the. Circulation Eleme.nt o£ the. General Plan o& the. City o& Carlsbad and the.
&':ke. Route. Standards (Section 7-1000} o& the. State. o& California Highway
Design Manual.
[2) \ny modifications -to tlie. design o^ arterial stre.ets to accommodate,
bikeiuays shall be. approve.d by the. City Engineer at the. time. o& a^ected or. '
adjoining nzighborliood de.velopme.nt. *
(3) The. design and construction oi individual portions, o& the. Bikeivay and
Pedestrian path networks shall be. accomplished at the. time. o& individual
neighborhood de.velopme.nt. The. design shall take, into account the. natural
features o£ the. area, and expected use. o£ the. paths. The. design shall be.
approved by the. City Engineer and the. Parks and K.e.creation Director.
Bikeway, (4) The. provision o<J separate, pedestrian path networks [20 £oot minimum
andeStnan w"i^1' *haM- no* G-Ut-vt *h£ provision o& sidewalks within the. public
Equestrian right-ofi-uxiy.
Conditions ,t Citing o& individual portion*, 0& tint iqu.u&iian path
[20 &cot minimum uiidtli) &hall be. ac.o.omplii>he.d at the. time. o&
individual neighborhood de.velopme.nt. The. design &hatl take, into account the.
notarial ^catuAei o^ the. a/iea and expected u&e. o& the. path*. The. duign
thall be. approved by the. Pa/ifei and Reaneation Vite.ctoi.
16) The. p/iopeAty oumeA. bkoJUL provide, bike, polking ^acititieA at all majon
j>eAvic.e. and Jtzcsieation an.eM> in. the. Matte*. Plan an^a. The. design and.
location, oi thu>e. facilities &hall be. approved by the City EnginzeA. and '
and Recteatcow Vin.e£to*. at the. time. o{ development.
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ILA COSTA BOUNDARY
MAJOR STREETS
BIKE PATH _
PEDESTRIAN-BIKE PATHB
PEDESTRIAN PATH •
EQUESTRIAN TRAIL
S.D.G.CE. EASEMENTS/
PEDESTRIAN LINKS I
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The recreational emphasis of the existing resort community demonstrates
the importance of parks and open space in all La Costa communities. Their
importance in community definition was described in the land use section.
However, the primary purpose of parks and open space in the new communities
will continue to be recreation. Private, "satelite" recreation facilities
will be established in the new communities as extensions of the core golf and
tennis facilities-. In the Northeast and Far South increased emphasis will be
placed on providing parks and open space geared to the more traditional family
way of life.
The provision of these facilities also corresponds with the policies and
programs of the City of Carlsbad as described in the Parks and Recreation, and
Open Space - Conservation Elements, of the City's General Plan. As discussed
below, the provision of private facilities must be coordinated with the'provi-
sion of public facilitie's"to ensure a complete, yet efficient, network of park
and open space facilities.
Parks
It is the. intent o£ the. amended Master Plan to bit aa-i.de suitable
recreation areas far City park use, and to au.gme.nt these parks with
p . private neighborhood patio, and recreation facilities to increase
Objective neighborhood cohesion and definition.
(J) La Costa Land Company shall enter into a new mutual parks agree-
ment with the City o& Carlsbad within 60 days o& the adoption o& the
amended f-laster Plan. The agreement shall cover the time and method
o& dedication o£ specific, parks in the general locations described
below.
(2) In the event a new mutual parks agreement is not adopted within
Conditions 60 days o£ the adoption o£ the amended Master Plan, no'additional
development plans shall be approved until this Master Plan is amended
to incorporate alt provisions necessary to insure that adequate park
facilities wilt be available, far the residents oi the La Costa. ,,
community.
Parks
Conditions
(3) In approving the. pank piovi&ion o& the. amended Ma&tfi Plan, the.
City o£ CaJil&bad elecJ* to px.oc.eed puuuant to Section 20.44.110 o{
the CaJil&bad Municipal Code in utabli&hing pMvi&iom, £01 P&nh and
RecAeation land and ^acilitiu within the La. Co&ta. Ma&tefi Plan
Community. . •
(4} lilheAe it i& judged nec.u&any by La Co&ta Land Company and the.
City o£ CanJU,bad to •Supplement neighbofihood and community level pasik&
in residential neighborhood!, expected, to include significant numbeu
0({ children, La Cobta. Land Company may at the time o£ development 6et
aAide areu £or u*e cu> ptaylott,, mini-, or ve&t-pocket park& in a.
manner defined in Table I/I o^ the City Parks and Recreation Element.
Thete parks may be combined with private Aatelite recreation ^acitLtiu
Credit (Jo/i the&e parks touurds compliance with the mutual parks agree-
ment may^be granted La Cotta Land Company as pre&cribed in the
Subdivision Ordinance o£ the City o£ Carlsbad.
(5) Proposals £or private, Aatetite recreation facilities k'.wJUL be • .
submitted to the City o£ Carlsbad {,or approval as part o{. the develop-
ment o£ a neighborhood; or in the £orm o& a Conditional Use Permit
% where the facilities are proposed £or an existing neighborhood. In
all cases the location, design, and intended use o£ the facility shall
complement its neighborhood.
(6) An -cffiptovement program {or the proposed park program shall be
' developed by the City and La Costa Land Company to assure that park
facilities are available concurrent with need.
An interim agreement between the City and La Costa Land Company provided for
the systematic dedication of land for public park purposes within the Master Plan
area. The following three parks have been so provided for:-. ' *
(a) Canyon Park (9 ± acres): Lots 271 and 272 of La Costa Vale #3 have 'beendedicated to the City of Carlsbad. . •
(b) Fuerte Park (4 ± acres): A 4-acre portion of Lot 478, La Costa Meadows
shall be dedicated to the City of Carlsbad for public parks purposes within 90
days of the approval of the amended Master Plan. The exact location shall be
mutually determined by the City of Carlsbad Parks and Recreation Director and theLa Costa Land Company.
(c) Alga Hills Park (5 nacres): Located south of Alga Road and west of the
S.D.G.& E. transmission easement. The exact location shall have reasonable access
to a^public,street. The final boundary shall be determined concurrent with the
approval of the final map for the property known as Alga Hills.
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Open Space
•The major open spaces in the existing La Costa community are the golf course
and Sa.n Marcos Canyon. Additional open .spaces have been reserved throughout the
Community. The" amended Master Plan includes a greater variety of open space in
the three new communities. Visual, access, and community buffer open spaces
fall into three levels of concern:
' Open Spaces of Major Public Concern — San M?.rcos Canyon and segments
of the SDG & E easements.
Open Spaces of Both Public and Private Concern -- Open spaces adjacent
arterial streets, open spaces containing bike and pedestrian routes.
Open Spaces of Private Concern — The golf course extension, open
. . space used solely for community definition.
(4) In addition to the. major open &pac.z arza& designated in
the. amended Ma&teA Plan, individual de.velopme.ntt, within, the.
Matter Plan arza &hall maximize, open area* band on thz
Open ^oace " intent o£ the'amended Ha*ter Plan to utilize open Apace.
Obiecti corridor* to define distinct neighborhood*, to u*e them a* a mean*J _ o& pa**ive accss* between neighborhood*, and to reserve *tsitiking
geograpliic area* £or visual relief.
(7) The. open *paces deA-tgna-ted -in the. Ma*ter Plan exhibit on., page
55 -*hall not be. interpreted a* precise representation* o& actual
open *pace dim&n*ion*. The. dimension* o£ the. open spaces designated
shall be. determined at tlie time. o& development o& the. neighbor-
hood* in which they tie. and may be. varied provided they are consis-
tent uiith the. intent o& thi& and other *ection* oi the. Ua*ter Plan,
and on tlie ba*is o& the. Ge.neAai Plan o£ the. City o& CaA^&bad, iti>
intptem&nting on.dinanc.u and poticiu.
Open Space
Conditions
(2) Dedication and/or reservation o£ San Marco* Canyon, the
cour*e extension, and other vi*ual, acces* and community
open *pace* *hcwn in these Master Plan exhibit* *hall occur at
. the -time 0|$ development OjJ adjoining neighborhood*.
(3) In recognition o& the Saw Marco* Canyon Agreement between the
City and La Co*ta Land Company, the developer *hall *ubmit a plan
&or protic-tion o& tlie natural environment in the Canijon prior toapprovi^l o& individual development* adjacent to San Marco* Canyon.
Thi* plan *hal£ include, where necessary, provi&ion* &or limiting
access to the Canyon and shall be Aubject to the review and
approval o& the Parks and
(a] all riparian habitatt> a* defined in €1K 307 j>hall be.
with significant numbers o& rare, plant(fa)all
be
(c.) all archeological or historic area* which cannot be
satisfactorily mitigated prior to development *hall 6e_
covered or preserved a* open *pace;
(d) all areas with exce**ive *lope* and extremely unstable,
soil condition* (as identified in the detailed *oil and
geologic investigation* required in the Geologic Safety
section) shall be preserved a* open Apace..
'' Maintenance of Open Spaces and Parks . .
Because significant amounts of public and private open space and park
area are planned for in the Master Plan it is important that provisions be
made for the maintenance of these areas. Maintenance responsibilities • •
.correspond with the -levels of open space concern:
Public Responsibility — Those' Tands dedicated to a public agency
and for use by the General Public shoul'd bfe maintained by the public.
Mixed Private/Public Responsibility -- Those lands benefiting both
the general public and a specific group of private individuals should
be maintained by a special maintenance program. These programs may
include either a broad-based Homeowner's Association, a Special
> Maintenance District, or other maintenance program approved by the
City Manager and La Costa Land Company.
Private Responsibility — Those lands clearly benefiting only a
group of private individuals should be maintained by either a
Homeowner's Association or by individuals. « •»
!
La Costa Land Company and the City o& Carlsbad &hall address the
following it,i,ues a* part of, an overall Open Space 1'faintanajfic.e
Agreement: (a) the respon*ibilities o{ interested parties &or
Maintenance maintaining the open * paces' de&ig noted in thi& amended Master Plan;
Condition (fa) procedures &or determining the responsibilities o$ iiiterested
parties £or maintaining any open spaces created in La Co*ta ccrmun-
ities not designated in this Vaster Plan; (c) the procedures {or
establishing timely maintenance o{ open spaces during development ' '
0(J individual neighborhood* a* part o{, the Master Plan; and (d) the.
levels o$ maintanance to be performed in each da** o£ open space.
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La Costa Land Company proposes' the adoption of a permanent parks agreement
with the City of Carlsbad. The agreement includes the dedication of approximately
43 additional acres. The general distribution and dedication of these lands are
described below. However, specific parks may be increased or reduced in size, and
located within % mile of the sites as shown on the accompanying exhibit, in conform-
ance with the parks agreement. This may be done if the parks which result are
substantially in conformance'with this Master Plan and the provisions of the Parks
and Recreation Element of the Carlsbad'General Plan.
(a) San Marcos Creek Park (5+ acres); The proposed park site is generally
located adjacent to the San Marcos Water District treatment facility. The park
shall be dedicated at-such time as any final map is approved in the area designated
as La Costa Northeast. The exact location of this park shall be considered consis-
tent with the amended Master Plan provided (i) it has-reasonable public access,
suitable for public park purposes as defined in the Parks and Recreation ETement of
the City's General Plan; (ii) the precis-'e location best augments the entrance .to
San Marcos Canyon.
*
(b) Stagecoach Park (28 ± acres): The proposed park site is generally located
south of Rancho Santa Fe Road and southerly of La Costa Avenue extension. The
proposed Stagecoach Park will be a community-level park, precisely located at
such time as Final maps are approved in the area known as Santa Fe Knolls. ..The
proposed dedication-shall occur in increments as set forth in the permanent parks
agreement. ' .
(c) El Camino Glens Park (5 ± acres): The proposed park s'ite is generally
located northerly of-Rancho del Ponderosa, in the vicinity of Mision Estancia
West, east of El Camino Real, and west of Rancho Santa Fe Road. The precise
location and timing of dedication will be determined at such time as the next
final map (exclusive of Green Valley Knolls) -is approved in the area designated
as Area Number 1 of La Costa Far South.
(c) North Park (5 ± acres): The location of North Park has not been fully •
evaluated. The park will generally be located in the northerly one-half of
La Costc North in the vicinity of the proposed Carillo Way alignment. The
precise location'and timing of dedication will be determined when a final map is
approved in the northerly one-half of La Costa North.
flfwlil^^ff t'l i^>H W3ss£SJHwsrijGOLF COURSE "^H% I
er^If-^--4T A PART >K^^^^
S-/9-7&
Access
VISUAL ( COMMU»»TV BUFFER
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facilities
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When completed, La Costa will require a large supply of public facilities.i
The installation of some of these facilities are the responsibility of the
developer. Others are City or County-wide services available to La Costa
residents.
Pub! ' " " - '- cmzndzd MatteM. Via.n to zm,ux.e. that
Facilities tzvzJU o£ aJLL pubtlc. £acsltitj.z& atiz auaJULabLi to la. Co&ta
Objective
Water
eu> thzy dzvzlop.
La Costa -is served by three water districts: the Carlsbad Municipal Water
District (CKWD); Olivenhain Municipal Water District OMWD); and San Marcos
County Water District (SMCWD). Adequate line and storage facilities exist to
meet the current and immediate future water needs of La Costa. Cooperation
between La Costa Land Company and the serving agencies will be needed to
ensure the timely avai-1 ability of water during the latter development phases
of the community. Phased water demands are given in the accompanying table.
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La Cotta Land Company &katL mzzt aJLL tiZqiUAzmzntt o£ thz watzn.
Water . du>ttu.c&> in'providing lOatzn. &znvi.c.z to neighborhood* at> thzyCondition
dzvztop.
Sewer
La Costa is served by three sewer agencies: Leucadia County Water District
(LCWD); SMCWD; and the City of Carlsbad (CC). Sewage from all three agencies
is treated a.t the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility (EWPCF). While there
is-sufficient capacity in the EWPCF for immediate and near future needs, the
magnitude of the total La Costa Master Plan is such as to require staged
enlargement of the regional treatment plant. As development is anticipated,
it would be appropriate to coordinate with the servicing agency to insure
sufficient capacity is available. .Phased sewage demands are given in the
accompanying table. . '
P La Co&ta Land Company *haJUL mzzt aZJL n.zqiuJizmzn&> o{ thzoGWS i
'Condition di&t>ii.ctA in providing icz to nzighboihoodt ai> thzy dzvztop.
Solid Waste •
, Sol id waste from La Costa is collected and disposed of at the county-operated
San Elijo Landfill by McDougas Sanitation Inc. The firm has indicated that it
has adequate capacity to meet the anticipated demands of the proposed La Costa
communities. Phased solid waste demands are given in the accompanying table. .
Gas and Electricity .
The San Diego Gas and Electric Company distributes natural gas and elec-
tricity to the La Costa area. The future power demands of the La Costa community
are within the long-range capacities of the'Company as presently foreseen.\
Phased energy demands are given in the accompanying table.
Utilities A££ utiLLtiz* , -
Condition ptazzd
px.ov<L&ioni> ion. cab£z L&^on, &haJUL bz
Flood Control
The provision of storm drainage facilities throughout the La Costa area is
necessary to avoid potential flooding from the San Marcos Canybn-Batiquitos
Lagoon watershed. .
Flood
Control
Condition
La Co&ta Land Company &haLL mzzt aiZ. fLZqtuAzmznt& o& thz San
County Qzpantmznt o£ Sanitation and flood Control and thz City o{
CanJU>bad £n ptu>v<iding {toad zontsiot {acitltlz& 'to nzighboxhood& as
• * **thzy arm. dzvziopzd.
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SUMKARY
PHASED PUBLIC -FACILITY
DEMAND
Calculated at Maximum
Permitted Densities +
Number
Dwelling
•Units
Popu-
lation
Gas
1000
CF/Mo.
Electr.
1000
KWH/Mo.
Solid
Waste
, Ibs./Day
Total
Sewer
1000 GPD L
Sewer Districts
(1000 GPD)
LCWD CC SMCWD
Total Water Districts
Water (1000 GPD)
1000 GPD CMWD SMWD OMWD
PHASE I
La Costa North
Northeast
Far South
Total, Phase I
Total, Existing*
Total, I & Ex.
PHASE II
La Costa North
Northeast
Far South
Total; Phase II
Total, I & Ex.
Total, I, II & Ex.
PHASE III
La Costa North
Northeast
Far South
Total, Phase III .
Total, I, II & Ex.
Total, I, III & Ex.
Total Commercial
Total , La Costa
Commun.Buildout
1,740
.1,215
4,246 ,
7,20110,498
17,699
872
620
3,226
4,718
17,699
22,417
1,108
260
1,182
2,550
22,417
24,967
24,967
4,868
3,079
10,562
18,509
24,750
43,259
2,456
1,364
8,982
12,802
43,259
56,061
2,780
572
2,962
6,314
56,061
62,375
62,375
7,899.6
5,507.0
19,276.8
32,683.4
47'. 7
32,731.1
3, .958. 9
2,814.8
14,646.0
21,419.7
32,731.1
54,150.8
5,030.3
1,180.4
5,366.3
11,577.0
54,150.8
65,727.8
65,727.8
1,005.7
701.1
2,454.2
4,161.0
6,068
10,229.0
504.0
358.4
1,864.6
2,727.0
10,229.0
12,956.0
640.4
150.3
683.2
1,473.9
12,956.0
14,429.9
6,353.8
20,783.7
27,504
17,396
59,675
104,575
139,838
244,413
f
13,876
7,707
50,748
72,331
244,413
316,744
15,707
3,232
16,735
35,674
316,744
352,418
10,010
413.8
261.7
897.8
1,573.3
2,104.0
3,677.3
208.8
115.9
763.5
1,088.2
3,677.3
4,765.5
236.3
48.6
251.8
536.7
4,765.5
5,302.2
844.3
362,428
84.32
51.00
897.77
1,033.09
2,103,75
3,136.84
—
669.63 .
669.63
3,136.84
3,806.47
164.14
4R Fi9
251 77
464.53
3,806.47
4,271.0
6,146.5
329.46
; 210.72
3^9.46
329.46
208.76
93.84
302.60
329.46
632.07
7'2.17
72.17
632.07
704.23
210.72
210.72
115.94
115.94
210.72
326.66
326.66
326.66
730.2
461.9
1,584.3
2,776.4
3,712.5'
6,488.9
6,4-88.9
368.4
OrM fi£Ut . 0
1,347.3
1,920.3
6,488.9
8,409.2
417.0
«C Q
ddd ?
947.1
8,409.2
9,356.3
no c c925.5
10,281.8
730.2
730.2
1,869.9
2,600.0
368.4
368. 4>
2,600.1
2,968.5
417.0
417.0
2,968.5
3,385.5
461 .9
461.9
573.6 '
1,035.5
204.6
210.6
415.2
1,035.5
1,450.7
, 85,8
29.25
115.05
1,450.7
1,565.75
1,584.3
1,584.3
1,269.0
2^853.3
1,136.7
1,136.72,853.3
3,990.0
415.0
415.0
3,990.0
4,405.0
y
+ See Appendix A for constants used in projections.
* Includes Vale & Estates North
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Schools .'
La Costa is currently served by five school districts: Carlsbad Unified
School District (CUSD); Encinitas School District (EU); Rich-Mar Union School
District (RU)rSan Dieguito Union High School District (SDUH): and Escondido
Union High School District (EUH). On July 1, 1976 a. new district, the San
Marcos Unified School District, will replace the Rich-Mar Union and Escondido
Union.High School Districts. Ensuring the availability of school facilities
as they are needed for La Costa children will require close cooperation
between La Costa Land Company and these districts. La Costa Land Company,has
ensured by agreement with each district that the Company will assist in
providing facilities concurrent with need.
Schools La. Co&ta. Land Company &haJUL compty uiith the. City o£ Ca>i£t>bad'&
Condition paj,^c fac^tLtLeJ> ?otic.y by attuning continued cooperation with. JUU>
tdnoot dl&t/u.ct& , and by the. tune£y. contribution o£ 4ucA land and/ on.
a& may be.to the.the.
Public Transit " ••
In recognition of the future provision of transit services to the La Costa
community, La Costa Land Company shall adhere to the policies stated in the
Circulation Section regarding public transit.
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SUMMARY:
PHASED SCHOOL DEMAND
CALCULATED AT MAXIMUM
PERMITTED DENSITIES +
Multiple- School Districts (Grades^.
Single-Family Family
PHASE .1
La Costa North
Northeast
Far South
Total Phase I
Total Existing*
Total , I & Ex.
PHASE II
La Costa North
Northeast
Far South
Total Phase II
Total, I & Ex.
Total , I, II & Ex.
PHASE III
La Costa North
Northeast
Far South
Total, Phase III
Total , I, II & Ex.
Total , I, III & Ex.
(Buildout)
Units
1,300
513
1,526
3,339
2,066
5,405
672
2,356
3,028
5,405
8,433
428
452
880
8,433
9,313
Units
440
700
2,720
3,860
8,432
12,292
j
200
620
870
1,690
12,292
13,982
680
260
730
1 ,670
13,982
15,652
Population
4,868
3,079
10,562
•18,509
24,750
43,259
2,456
1 ,364
8,982
12,802
43,259 *
56,061
2,780
572
2,962
6,314
56,061
62,375
SDUH -
7-12 -
407
407
558
965
421
' 421
965
1,386
106
106
1,386
1,492
CU
K-12 -
332
332
V-
47
' 379
. 235
235
379
614
9
9
614
623
RO
K-9
96
172
268
371
639
43
12
55
639
694
144
18
16
178
694
872
EU .
K-6-
353
353
387
. 740
4'04
404
740
1,144
91
91
1,144
1,235
EUA
10-1
32
62
94
141
235
—19
4
23
235
258
52
' 8
5
65
258
323
+ See Appendix A for constants used in projections,
* Includes Vale and Estates North
General Government
Fire Protection:. Fire protection for La Costa is provided by the City
of Carlsbad from a temporary station on El Camino Real near Arena! Drive.
Ultimate development in the City south of Palomar Airport Road and east of
El Camino Real to Melrose may require the construction and manning of three
permanent fine stations. These stations would be manned by 16 firefighters
with three engines and one* truck.
Police Protection: Police protection is provided by the City of
Carlsbad -on a patrol basis. Ultimate development may warrant a police •
substation in La Costa and additional patrol beats. If desired, a substation
could be located in the Community Core.
iLibraries: La Costa is served by the Carlsbad City Library and by the
Encinitas branch of the San Diego County Library. These libraries combined
meet the existing needs of La Costa residents.- Ultimate development of .
La Co$ta will warrant the establishment of a branch City Library in the
Community Core with a maximum size 10,000 square feet and a collection of
eight to twelve thousand volumes.
La Co&ta. Lund Company wM. vmik cJLo&uJLy uiith the. CiAy oi CcwJU,ba.d
Government *° ma^e ^"^ avaJAahte. fan. GensiaJ. Govz/ume,nt aie -en the. Commu.nity
Condition Co-te, on. eJLs,&ake/ui, eu> deemed n.e.e.ej>j>arm by the. City o^ CanJL&bad.
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master developrr c
Earlsbad, califc RBI
7' JACK INAM I AI#CIATII L0I-I CA
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