Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAbout1979-12-04; City Council; 6095; MASTER PLAN AMENDMENTa *a .CITY OF CARLSBAD cltP - Initial AGENDA BILL NO: 6095 Dept. Hd. Cty. Atty DATE : December 4, 1979 Cty. Mgr. DEPARTMENT: Planning SUBJECT : CASE NO. : MP-149 (D) APPLICANT: La Costa Land Company SUBJECT: Master Plan Amendment Statement of the Matter The northeast area of La Costa, known generally as the Meadowlark and Meadowbrook areas are serviced by the Sari Marcos County Water District for both water and sewer. La Costa Land Company has an agreement with the San Marcos District to reactivate the sewer treatment plant that would serve the area. Reactivation will allow development to proceed. this property is zoned P-C and a portion of-it is in the La Costa Master Plan. - process of review and will probably be amended in the futre. This will take time and the La Costa Land Company believes that the subject area is peripheral to their total development and have requested that the portions of the subject area within the Master Plan be deleted and the entire area be rezoned from P-C to RDM-Q. The RDM-Q zone does not require a Master Plan, therefore development may occur according to the General Plan. Since the residential density of the P-C zone and RDM zone are both directly related to the General Plan, there will not be any change to the possible land use of the site. The Q Overlay zone requires discretionary approval by a Site Development Plan. Exhibits Planning Commission Resolution No. 1567 Staff Report, dated November 14, 1979 Location Map Letter dated August 17, 1979, San Marcos County Water District Exhibit A (PIP-149 (D) ) dated October 2, 1979 Qecommendation Both Planning Staff and Planning Commission recommended that ZC-206 be approved as per Planning Commission Resolution No. 1567. Council Action: 12-4-79 However, The La Costa Master Plan is in the . v Council continued the public hearing to January 2, 1980. 7, ,, 1 2 -3 4 5 6 'I 8 9 10 11 12 13 3-4 16 15! 17 e e 2 PLA%:NI.WG COiTiYISSION RESOLUTION NO. 1567 _I--._ A RESGLQ'.?I<lX OF TEE PLANNING COMMISSION OF THE CITY OF CARLSUAD, CALIFORNIA, RECOMMENDING APPROVAL OF A NASTEfrZ PLLi:N AMENDI\IENT TO THE LA COSTA MASTER PLAN DELlETING -PG'PROXINATELY 134 ACRES LOCATED IN NORTH- E$GT IJP- COSTA CASE NO, : MP-149 (D) Al PL 3: CAN;: : LA COSTA LAND COMPANY -. -- WIG3?EAS ,. a verified application for certain property, t wit: A portioiz of sections 19 and 30 of Township 12 South, Range 3 West, San Bernardino Meridian, has been filed with the City of Carlsbad, and referred to th Planiiisg co j-ssicri; and WTIEREAS, said verified application constitutes a reques I 1 as provided by Title 21 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code; and T;i'HERIEAS,. this project has been processed through envirc 1 mental review as required in Title 19, the Environmental Prc tion Ordinance, and has been found in conformance due to pri i I 19 properey as referenced herein; and 23 24 25! 26 27 28 WHEREAS, at said public hearing, upon hearing and consid.ering all testimony and arguments, if any, of all pers desiring to be heard, said Commission considered all factors relating to Master Plan No. 149(D), and found the following and reasons to exist: // 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 2 e 0 Findings 1) This area need not be a part of a Master Plan Communit because: a) It is at the periphery of the La Costa Community and the City boundaries and therefore not an area centrally important. b) The public facilities needed in this area will be required at time of development. 2) Removing this project from the La Costa Master Plan will not have a detrimental effect on that Master Plan because : a) The property is on the periphery of the La Costa I Master Plan Community. 10 11 l2 13 14 15 16 3.7 X8 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 b) The property is separated from most of the La Costa area by a canyon and 'open area of a future proposed estate development. 3) The project has been processed through environmental review and found to be in conformance due to prior compliance of certified EIR-307, which encompassed the property as referenced herein. Sewer wil.1 be provided in this area by San Marcos from the District assuring sewer availability. The City Engineer will not permit building permits unless he determines sewer service is available. WHEREAS, the Planning Commission, by the following vot recommended approval of PIP-149 (D) , subject to certain condi 1) The property to be deleted from the La Costa Master 2) The applicant shall submit reproducible copies of the 4) County Water District. A letter has been submitted Plan is as shown on Exhibit A, dated 10/2/79 for MP-12' amended Master Plan prior to acceptance of any request for development. This Master Plan amendment is approved upon the expres condition that building permits will not be issued for Engineer determines that such sewer facilities are available at the time of application for such permits l will continue to be available until time of occupancy. the City Engineer determines that sewer facilities are not available, building permits will not be issued. 3) development of the subject property unless the City // .2 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 13 12 13 3.4 l5 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 2 * e 4) This Master Plan amendment is approved upon the expre condition that the final map shall not be approved un the City Council finds at the time of such approval, sewer service is available to serve the project. The proposed Alga Road and Melrose extension are to b maintained in the original Master Plan MP-149 and any modifications or revision thereof shall include the dl of any future project. AYES : 5) ment of the extension as required off -site developmen Schick, Rombotis, Friestedt, Marcus, Jose, Larson NOES : None NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT HEREBY RESOLVED, that the foregc recitations are true 2nd correct. EDWIN S. SCHICK, JR., 3 CARLSBAD PLANNING COIWI: ATTEST: \ JAMES C. HAGANAN, Secretary .3 , e a STAFF REPORT DATE : TO: Planning Commission FROM: Planning Department SUBJECT: ZC-Z06/HP-.149(D), CHANGE OF ZONE FROM P-C T3 RDM-Q AND AMENDRENT OF TtiE LA COSTA MASTER PLAN DELETING THAT PORTION IN THE MEADOMBROOK AREA. -------- Location and Description The subject property is 134 acres located in northeast La Costa, The property is west of Rancho Santa Fe Road and at the present easterly terminlis of Alga. As indicated in Exhibit P, dated October 2, 1979, there are five parcels of which parcel 2 through 5 are part of this application. Parcel 1 is Rancheros, \:lhich is not a part of this application Parcels 2 and 3 are on a relatively high ridge s'loping down- ward to valleys to the east and south. Development -in much of this area require grading. Parcels 4 and 5 are in a relatively flat valley running generally n3rth and south. The property within this requested Faster Plan amendment is only a portion of the land within the zone change application. The Naster Plan amendment is for the removal of Parcel 2 and a little over haif or' Parcel 3 from the La Costa Master Plan. This encompasses approximately 45 acres. See Exhibit A, dated October 2, 1979, of Master Plan 149(D). On this exhibit there is a 2* notation. It represents the area without a landuse designation. Although part of La Costa Land holdings, it is not part of the La Costa Master Plan. The remaining portion of the zone change is not in the blaster Plan Amendment becatise it is not presently a part of the Piaster Plan. Land Use Subject Property: Vacant, except for one old barn. North: Vacant South: Vacant, SMCHD wastewater treatment facil it East: Single family residential development in the County area and industrial park towarc the southwest. West: Vacant, and single family and multiple family deve1opmTnt along €1 Fuerte and A1 ga. e 0 * Existing Zoning Subject Property: P-C North: P-C South: P-C and L-C East: County, Residential & San Marcos Industrial West: P-C, R-1, C-1 and RD-M - Historg and Related Cases MP-149: November 2, 1976, by City Council Ordinance No. 9469, (MP- 149(B). The master plan included only the northwesterly portion of the subject property. The land use on the present master plan is residential with a density of 14 and 20 du/ac. The remaining portion of the subject property were purchased by La Costa Land Company after the adoption of the initial master plan and therefore are not part of blaster Plan 149. Master Plan 149 is considered lawfully non- conforming since it was adopted prior to the revision of the P-C zone. Since this is a lawfully existing non-conforming master plan the property may only be developed by one of the following: 1) By a Planne-d Unit Development;- 2) Amend the Master Plan to bring it into conformance with todays requirements and include all of the property within the Master Plan boundary. Master Plan No. 149 was adopted and last amended on Environmental Impact Information A declaration of negative environmental impact has been made for the project based on the justification that: 1) The project is administrative in nature and any future development of the property would be subjected to an additional environmental impact assessment. 2) An environmental Impact report has been certified for that portin of the property iocated within the master planned area, finding that any potential adverse impacts could be mitigated through the master plan and/or on a project by project basis. These same mitigation measures could still be applied to the subject property as development of the property is subjected to discretionar) review by the City. property covered by the master p1an.for residential densities equal to or less than densities proposed by the master plan. flora or fauna, For any unique or historical environmenti features. 3) The City's General Plan designates that portion of the 4) The project would not have a significant impact on any 2 e a General Plan Iiformation A. Land Use The general plan designates parcels 3, 4 and 5 as Medium Density Residential (4-10 dujac). Parcel 2 is designated as Medium High Residential (10/20 du/ac). The density requirements of the RD-M Zone are those assigned by the General Plan. The General Plan also indicates an elementary school on Parcels 4 and 5. Although the site is indicated on Exhibit A of ZC-206, it l’s not proposed for open space zoning (as other school sites are) since the property is not yet owned by the district. The General Plan circulation element indicates the continuation of Alga Road as a major arterial through to Flelrose, which is to be a prime arterial. Melrose will intersect Palomar Airport Road to the north and connect with Rancho Santa Fe Road to the south. B. Public Facilities Sewer: Sewer service is not available for this developmen as of the date of this report. However, sewer service may be available in the near future. provided by San Marcos County Water District. 10 provide this serviceg the district will reactivate their facility immediately south of the subject project, west of Rancho Santa Fe Road. The Cjty Council has directed the processing of subject applications since Sewer service has been guaranteed by San Marcos County Water District. See attached letter dated August 17, 1979, from San Marcos County Water District. Applicatio for reactivation are presently being processed. The Planning Staff has by appropriate suggested conditions to this application insured that development may not occur unless the City Council finds that sewer service is in fact available to serve this property. Therefore the staff is satisfied that the requirements of the public facilities element of the general plan have been met insofar as they apply to sewer service. Schools: This area is served by the San Marcos Unified School District. This application is not a residential development as defined in the school facility require- ments of the Carlsbad Municipal Code. Therefore determination of dedication of site or fees is not needed at this time. Sewer will - be Water; Water service will be provided by the San Marcos Water District, and the applicant is required to comply with their rules and regulations. Gas and Electric: Gas and electric service will be provided by SDG&E. 3 e 0 * On-Site and Adjacent Public Improvements: Pub1 iC .imprments will be required per the City Public Improvement Ordinance and/or as conditions of approval. Other Public Facilities: Staff has determined that they are not prepared to find that all other public facilities necessary to serve this project will be available concurrent with need. However, the Planning Commission may, by jnclusion of an appropriate condition require that the project contribute to the costs of such facilities according to City Council Policy No. 17. Since the development would pay its appropriate share of the public facility it would require, the Planning Commission could be assured that the requirements of the Public Facilities Element of the General Plan would be satisfied. In addition park-in-lie fees would be assessed at the time of building permit issuance. C. Other Elements of the General Plan The project is consistent with all other elements of the City's General Plan. Major Planning C,onsiderations -- - 1) Removal of subject property from the PC Zone deletes the requirement for master planning. be master planned? property. What effect will the removal of this property from the Master Plan have on La Costa? Should this area 2) The L'a Costa Master Plan contains a portion of subject Discussion The major reason the request for rezonina and deletion from the Master Plan is that before the property can be developed the Master Plan must be updated. This may take a relatively long time. Since this area is served by San Marcos Sewer District (whereas most of La Costa is served by the Leucadia District), and the San Marcos District is prepared to provide sewer, the property could be developed soon if taken out of the P-C Zone and La Costa Master Plan. The issue to be decided is, is it beneficial to have the subject property included in a Master Plan, or is this property not an integral part of the La Costa Master Plan? The PC Zone requires a master plan prior to development (except PUD'S maybe approved). A master plan requires public facility planning such as major streets, parks, schools, fire station, libraries, etc. Planning of these public facilities involve determination of location, financi and timing of construction. The larger the area of a master planned community the iuoro extensive the public facility planning. A e e The master plan also provides for special development program to encourage comrnunity identity within the City. This will provide diversification of housing types and neighborhoods. The master p7an provides for a measure of growth control. Presently the potential for unrestrained growth in the La Costa area (except for sewer availability), is that the master pian is nonconforming and must be updated. Also, the updated master plan may contain growth restraints as condition: of approval. The City Council is presently discussing the benefits of growth control, but as yet no definitive position has been taken. The subject property is at the periphery of the La Costa area being at the northeast corner. Therefore there is limited continuity with the major areas of La Costa, In fact the adjacent properties are to be built out as estates (Rancheros) on property generally physically separated from most of La Costa. The only major public facilities to be built in the subject area are the extensions of Alga and Melrose Avenues and the expansion of Rancho Santa Fe Road and an elementary school The San Marcos Creek Park site is adjacent to the south Of the subject projects. Most of the site to be rezoned is presently not in the La Costa Master Plan, but wouid be included if the application for rezoning was denied. The subject site is peripheral to the major facilities and center of the La Costa area. Removing it from the Master Plan would have little impact on the master plan. For this reason staff has recommended approval of the request, but there are also obvious reasons to retain the area in the P-C Zone. The Genercil Plan and Master Plan indfcates an Elementary School site on the south side of Alga Road. The rezone application includes this site. However, the amendment to the Master Plan does not request the deletion of the site. The school site is contiguous with the Rancheros area, which will remain in the P-C Zone. For consistency between the zoning and Master Plan the school site should remain in the P-C Zone (contiguous with Rancheros). The school site is part of parcel 3 and therefore would have to be resolved at time of submittal of the Site Development Plan. Recornmenuation .. I. ZC-206 It is recommended that ZC-206 be APPROVED, except that the area noted as school site on parcel 3 shall remain in the P-C Zone for the following findings and conditions: 5 0 a 1) The proposed project is consistent with the General Plan since the RD-M-Q density range is based on the current generai plan land use designation. The Qualify Overlay Zone requires a Site Development Plan approved by the Plannfng Commission appealable to the City Council. Conditions may be placed on the site development plan to meet requirements of the general plan or any other needs. 3) The site is physically suitable for the type of density of the development since the site is adequate in s-ize and shape to accommodate residential development ,--: the density allowed by the RD-M Zone. 4) The project is consistent with a71 City public facility pol i ci es and ordi nancas si nce: a) The San Marcos County Water District has assured 2) the City that sewer service will be available after the reactivation of their facility immediately south of the subject project. b) The Planning Commission finds that sewer service is not available for this development as of the date of this approval. However, sewer service may be available in the future. The Planning Commission has, by inclusion of an appropriate condition to this application, insured that , development \dill not be approved unless the City Engineer finds that sewer service is available occur within the project unless sewer service remains available, the Planning Commission is satisfied that the requirements of the public facilities element of the general plan have been met insofar as they apply to sewer. service fr this condominium permit and tentative niap apprCVa1. c) School sites aquisition or fees will be determined at time of submittal of the required site development plan. d) Water service will be provided by the San Marcos County Water District, and the applicant is require to comply with their rules and regulations. e) Gas and Electric service will be provided by San Diego Gas and Electric, f) Park-in-lieu fees are required at time of develop- g) All necessary public improvements have been either to serve the project. Building cannot +?-=-++ ,I men t . provided or will be required at time of developmen. 6 a e e . h) At this time, the City Council is not prepared to find that all other public facilities necessary to serve project will be available concurrent with need. The Planning Commission has, by inclusion of an appropriate condition, required that the project contribute to the costs of such facilities. Since the development will pay its proportionate share of the public facilities which it will require, the City Council is satisfied that the requirements of the public facilities element of the general plan have been satisfied. 5) The proposed change of zone will not cause any substantia environmental impacts, and a declaration of negative environmental impacts has been made finding that: a) The project is administrative in nature and any future development of the property would be subjecte to an additional environmental impact assessment. b) An environmental impact report has been certified for that portion of the property located within the master planned area, finding that any potential adverse impacts could be mitigated thrcugh the master. plan and/or on a project by project basis. These same mitigation measures could still be applied to the subject property as development of the property is subjected to discretionary review by the City. the property covered by the master plan for residen densities equal to or less than densities proposed by the master plan. any flora or faunag nor any unique or historical en v i r o nrne n t a 1 f e a tu r e s . c) The City's General Plan designates that portion of d) The project would not have a significant impact on Con d i t i on s 1) This approval is granted for that portion of land described in the application, ZC-206, and further described on Exhibit A dated 10/2/79. 2) The property to be rezoned is as shown on the attached legal map. 3) The applicant will provide school fees to mitigate conditions of overcrowding as part of bui 1 ding permit appIications at time of development- These fees shall be based on the fee schedule in effect at the time of building permit application. 7 0 0 * 4). This zone change is approved upon the express condition that building or grading permits will not be issued for development of the subject property unless the City Engineer determines that such sewer facilities are available at time of application for such permits and will continue to be available until time of occupancy. If the City Engineer determines that sewer facilities are not available, building permits will not be issued. Prior to the issuance cf building permits, the applicant shall pay a public facility fee as established in City Council Policy No. 17. 5) 11. MP-l49(D) It is recommended that MP-l49(D) be APPROVED based on the following findings and conditions: Findings 1) This area need not be a part of a Master Plan Community because : a) It is at the periphery of the La Costa Community and the City boundaries and therefore not an area centrally important. b) The public facilities needed in this area will be required at time of development. ( 2) Removing this project from the La Costa Master Plan will not have a detrimental effect on that Master Plan because: a) The property is on the periphery of the La Costa b) The property is separated from most of the La Master Plan Community. Costa area by a canyon and open area of a future proposed estate development. 3) The proposed master plan will not cause any substantial environmental impacts, and a declaration of negative environmental impacts has been made finding that: a) The project is administrative in nature and any future development of the property would be sub- jected to an additional environmental impact assessment. b) An environmental impact report has been certified for that portion of the property located within the master planned area, finding that any potential 8 a e adverse impacts could be mitigated through the master plan and/or on a project by project basis. These same mitigation measures could still be applied to the subject property as development of the property is subjected to discretionary review by the City. c) The City's General Plan designates that portion of the property covered by the master plan for residenti densities equal to or less than densities proposed by the master plan. any flora or fauna, nor avy unique or historical environmental features. d) The project would not have a significant impact on 4) Sewer will be provided in this area by San Marcos County Water District. A letter has been submitted from the District assuring sewer availability. The City Engineer will not permit grading or building permits unless he determines sewer service is available. Condl tions 1) The property to be deleted from the La Costa Master Plan is as shown on Exhibit "A" dated 10/2/79 for MP- 149(D). 2) The applicant shall submit reproducible copies of the amended Plaster Plan prior to acceptance of any requests for development. 3) This zone change is approved upon the express condition that building mgrmkkq permits will not be issued for development of the subject property unless the City Engineer determines that such sewer facilities are available at time of application for such permits and will continue to be available until time of occupancy If the City Engineer determines that sewer facilities are not available, building permits will not be issued. - ATTACHNENTS Location Map (MF-I49(D) Legal Map (ZC-206) Exhibit A (MP-l49(D) dated October 2, 1979 Exhibit A (ZC-206) dated October 2, 1979 Letter dated August 17, 79, San Marcos County Water District BP/ar 9 <' \ .. . . _. .. - . . . ..- . . . . . MP- 1-44 CD) MEAEDv~E~*F~~* ~~~~\i~.*.~~~ POW Existing Zone : coast Permit Area : EL J . .4- 0' \e ,A ~f ;ftc1- tllc iaformatian Y~J lrlvr. 51 lrnittcd ha*; hccn reviewed, it: .is dcterminw tfiat furt11(.1- j r,forn at I on 1 s rccpiircd, you wll1 Le sc advlscd. .mucAwr: La Costa-and_Comp-Eny - Naina (individual, pirt-xiersh~p, joint venture, corpurallon, sydic . ---- Costa D&l Xar Road, -. Carlsbad , CA 92008 4 ~unincss liddress (7141 43_8-9111 Telcphocc NomLer -- AGENT : Name 3usiness Address a Telephone Number &rn&~EERs : c laam (individual, partner, loint lIome Address venture, corporation, syndication) \ I Busiitess Address Telephone Nunbcr Telephone Number I Name Home Address I L Business Address I -- Telephone Ncinber Telepinne Nunbcx # ? . (Attach more sheets if necessary) l: I/Wc declarc under pcnalty of perjury that the inforniation containcd in t closure is true and correct and that it will remain true and correct and relicd upon as bcmg true and correct until amended. /'/ _I LA cosrA-~An/o CO. Applicant ,\sY .-~___-- @& L*/5&=LL ngcnt, wcr, Iwxiier t PRESIDENT OBY ULANCHAHD VICE Ps?csiDEN+ STONLEY A. MAHR DI??ECTDHS HA R F2 Y F3. K E €8 A IJ G H MAYZGARET E. FERGUSON LEO F. SMITH GENERAL MANAGER ATTORNEY JAMES F. McKAY VERNON A. PELTZER ! Pk1C)NC (714) 744-0400 0 78E SAN MAHCOS k:'JULEVP,RC * SAN MARCOS, CRLlFORNlA 92069 RKI: ENG. Date Received AU6 2 2 1979 August 17, 7979 - City of Carlsbad 1200 Elm Avenue Carlsbad, California 92008 Attention: Flr. Jai?ies Hagaman Gentlemen: Re: Seilier Service - la Costa Northeast The La Costa Land Conpany (ApplicantJ the fee owner of the land shottin on Exhibit "A" marked Parcels 1, 2, 3, 4 & 5 has reqgested the SXI Marcos County Water Di strict {District) to provide a sewer service avai labi li ty letter for the referenced property. Subject property is located within the District and within the sewer service improvements as fol lows : Di rector of P1 anning A portion of Parcels 1, 2, 3 All of Parcels 4 & 5 To be eligib7e for sewer service, applicant will be required to meet the fol lowing condi ti ons: 1. Complete the annexation to sewer Improvement Disti-i cts 1, 2 & 6 those portions of Parcels 7, 2 & 3 lying out- side of the improveincnt districts boundary. Construct a11 on-si te snd off-si te sewer faci li ties to connect the proposed project to District's facilities and cledicate the faciliites to the District in accard- ance with the Di stri ct' s Standard Rules and Regul ati oris. Pay all fees required by the District on deiiiand by the Di s tri ct . 2. 3. \VAT L& -.-- tmsfc TO . . , LIFE . . . H~ALTH . . . ANC Praw;nEs. . sp':nWc:css county v4meF. district -. - City of Carlsbad - 2- August 17> 1979 4. Perform tile terms of the "Agreement for Design and Construction of the Reclamation Facilities Between La Costa Land Company and the San Marcos County Water District" with effective date of ?<larch 19, 1979, ( Reclamati on Agreement) 5 to provide the fac- ilities and capacity to handle sewage for this project. Subject to the foregoing condi ti ons this District wi I1 provi de the project up to and including 750 Dvve17ing Unit Equivalents (D.U.E.'s) (computed at the rate of 250 gallons per day per D,U,E,) as follows: Parcel 1 (Q~~JG+~G~S) 92 D.U.E. f s - Parcel ~CMWW~~L~?S CUTEP-) 100 " Parcel 3Cv16~m--~S~r) 220 " Parcel ~C~'~GP..DSWLG~K) 300 I! Parcel 5 C%urt+ ~~~w~~) 38 'I Actual connections to the system will be scheduled and provided i accordance with the terms of the Recl anati on Agreement. It is understood by Applicant that this letter is based upon exi> ing conditions and is issued for planning purposes and thJt the conditions precedent speci ii ed above must be sati sfi ed before ser wi 11 be provided. This commitnent to provide service has been made by the Board of appl i cable rules, regul at? ons , ordi nances , procedures and pol i ci 5 of the District, including those relating to fees and charges, ti California Environmental Qilality Act of 1970, as amended, the appl-i cant's agreement to coristruct any on-site and off-si te fac- ili tics, together with the applicant's providing security as reqi by the District for such construction. This ?etter of availability pertains solely to the proposed projc and is not transferable to any other project, is not transferablc to any other parcel of land, and is not trdnsferabfc to any othei applicant. Any act -in violation of this provis'on, whether or nc \ ' Directors and is subject to the Applicants' compliance with the WAI 1 11 I'l~llSlC TO . CII L HtALl bl AN0 C1r,<>1?1tL55 -. -. saz*7arcos covniy w02r d;sfs;cr City of Carlsbad - 3- August 17, 1979 legally effective to accornpiish a transfer, automatically renders this letter null and void. This letter is void and of no further force and effect on or after June 1, 1982. Sincerely, ~mo”&a/ -3 /?/ arnes F. T.lcI$z~ General i.lap’er J FM/mds Encls. cc: La Costa Land Company Rick Engineering d .. Vernon A. Peltzer File WATER - LIASIC TO . L4F t. . HLALTH . . .AND PROGRESS. DELETED FROM _, ............. ........... ............. ............ ............ ........... e a INITIAL STUDY SUMMARY DATE : December 28, 1979 TO : James Hagaman, Planning Director FROM : Brian Nilich, Assistant Planner ,, SUBJECT: EIA NO. 586; ZONE CHANGE AND ?LASTER PLAN AMENDMENT " 99 CASE NO: ZC-206/MP-149 (D) DISCUSSION The proposed project involves an application for both a Master Plan Amendment and Zone Change for land located in the north- east La Costa area. Specifically, the applicant is requesting that an approximately 45 acre tract of land be removed from the La Costa Master planned area. designates this property for both high (20 du/ac) and medium- high (14 du/ac) density residential development, In addition, the applicant is requesting that this property and the area to the southwest (approximately 67 acres) be rezoned from P-C (Planned Community) to RDM-Q (Residential Density- Multiple Zone, with a qualified development overlay zone). If the property is removed from the Master Plan area and rezoned, a Master Plan would no longer be required prior to developing the property. However, the proposed RDM-Q zoning would require a Site Development Plan and public hearing prior to any development of the site. addition to any discretionary approvals required. as part of a tentative tract map or Planned Unit Development. It appears that a major impetus in removing this area from the Master Plan is due to the fact that La Costa Master Plan has not been approved in its final form. the need for Master Plan approval, development can proceed The Master Plan currently This would be in Thus, without more expeditiously, The General Plan currently designates the property for both medium (4-10 du/ac) and medium high density (10-20 du/ac) residential development. Any development under the RDM-(2 zoning would be required to be consistent with the General Plan land use designations. Based on a comparison between the allowable densities under both the Plaster Plan and General Plan, it is evident that for a portion of the property, the General Plan permits a density somewhat less than that proposed by the Master Plan. 1 .-* @ 0 An environmental impact report, EIR-307, was certified for all of the property covered by the La Costa Master Plan. In addition, this EIR also covered portions of the subject property not covered by the Master Plan. The EIR required, as a mitigation measure, supplemental environmental review prior to the processing of any applications for development in this area. Since the proposed zone change and master plan amendment are entirely administrative in nature, no significant environ- mental impacts are anticipated directly from the project. In addition, any potential indirect impacts from this project as a result of physical development of the site would be subject to an environmental impact assessment as each discretionary action (i.e., site development plan, tentative map, PUD, etc) is processed by the City. mitigation measures necessary to reduce potential negative impacts could be applied on a project-by-project basis. Recommendation It is recommended that a declaration of negative environmental impact be issued with regard to the project based on the following justification: Justification 1) The project is administrative in nature and would not directly result in any significant environmental impacts to any flora, fauna, or any unique or historical features. At that time, 2) Any future proposals for development on the property would be subject to an environmental impact assessment as each discretionary action (i*e., site development plan, tentative map, PUD, etc) is processed by the City. Mitigation measures necessary to mitigate potential impacts could be applied to future development of the site on a project-by-project basis. 3) 4) The City's General Plan (which, based on this project, would guide future development of the subject property) designates the site for resid.entia1 densities equal to or less than densities proposed by the master plan. BM:ar ,* . e .. NOTICE OF DECTARATION NONS IGN IF ICRNT ENVIR0NF;ENTAL Ib'IPIiCT x NOTICE Is I-IEREBY GIVEN th.at the City of CarS.sbad has issued Negative Declaraticns for tbe following projects: LOG NO. 586: -- a Masterr Plan Amendment and Zone Change. is requesting that an approximately 45 acre tract of land be removed from the La Costa >\aster planned area. is requesting that this property and the area to the southwest (approxinately 67 acres) be rezoned rrom P-C (Planned Community) to RDM-Q (Residential Density Multiple Zone, with a qualified development overlay zone). Plan. entirely admi-nistrative in nature, no sign'ificant environmental The proposed project'involves an application for both Specifically, the applicant In addition, the applicant An Environmental Impact Report, (FIR-307) Mas certified for all of the property covered by the La costa Fiaster Since the proposed Zone Change and Master Plan amendment are impacts are anticipated directly from the project. APPLICANT: LA COSTA LAND COMPANY CASE NO: ZC-206/HP- 149 (D) e I A copy of the subject Negative Declarations with supportiy information is availat_.le for public review at the Planning Department, City Hall., 1200 Elm Avenue, Carlshad. from the public are invited. writing to the Plannincj Department within five (5) days from .the date of this notice. Comments Please submit comments in PUBLISH: JANUARY 9, 1980 e e 1200 ELM AVENUE TELEPt CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA 92GC8 (714) 72! .. gjtp Qg gas[&&! NE GAT IVE D II C UPAT X ON _--- CHANGE OF SONE --- rmm nm:: West of Rancho Santa Fe Road, north of La Costa Avenue and sout of the future Alga Road extension. -. I_- --- PRCJECI? WCA'lTON: - - _I_- p~L~~~T ~Er]S~~IPT$J~: The proposed project involves an appl ication -. for both a __II Mas1 --c_ Plan Amendment and Zone Change. Specifically, the applicant is requesting that - ar approximately '45 acre-tract of lartd be removed trcm theTaosta Master planned at In addition, the applicant is requesting that this property and the area to the soc!thwest -6Gimoxl mateiy67Yres) be rezoned=?=C--(F'! anned cor.nmuni'ly)r- RDM,-Q (Residential Density Multiple Zone, with a qualified development - __---- overlay zor /l.n Envrronmentmp5Tt. Report,-~~~~j,-~~s~ii~~~d i-or a1 1. ol' che property cove.red by the La Costa Msster Plan. Since the propos.ed zone change and master p' amendment are entirely administrative in natilre, RO signiFcant et%ironmentaT imp; are anticipated directly from the project. .II_Y ..--__II- 7_- I_ I.___ I_ .__--. -----? -- --- ---_ - --- _-._I_ II . -- ---- I- LA COSTA LaND CC)r/lPANY -- PFts=EcT .PI<oFGx.EEr : - Los NO: 5116 pm.fi~/p~z ~3,. ' ZC-ZOb/MP-149 (u .. +--. 'Xhe Ci'q of Carlsbad VP.S coiichcted m ervironrrend rcxkw :>f the above descrtbe ~J~TUSZ~K to the Ghidcl-ines for fi:ip5-awntaticn of the Cal-if~rnia Envirmmmtsl Qi. Act ad t:he Erwiromental koixctioi-' C)-;di.tiaice of the City 05 C;u-ls;i.ad. As a re ssi.ti review, a tlraft ?&:<:ativc kclaration (ikcl aiZtlic;n of Non-Si~;piCimt Irpact 'n=.i-&y .issued for the subject project. Justificat:Lm for LbLs acCj.on is on file Planning Departnierrt o ' h mpy cf the Pkgativc- Declarat-ion with supportive doatri:iy1ts is GC file in th2 I kpsr Went, City 5d1, 1200 Eh tlvexe, Cxi.sbad, cfl. Ckxrmts frcm the pd.dic ' izLtcd, Pl.ease submit cmmnts in writing to the Planirlg Cmis:;io~ .cyit3i.n fj days of chce qf pcblication 'JANUARY 9, 1980 . /A fl/ TT!GyA Ji1jE:s c . p$L(&yc{ ??JVQT~XG CIIi,%X!R, , ' gsF CITY OF CAI?LS!1I\D/ Y DATED: !.- -;r 8- 7 ,-/ V 0 < 1200 ELM AVENUE TELEPHO CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA 92008 (714) 729- '. al& Qf &X&bab I ~OTICE OF DETER~~INATION . TO: COUNTY CLERK SECRETARY FOR RESOURCES LOG NO. 586 County of San Diego 220 West Broadway Room 1311 San Diego, CA 92101 Sacramento, CA 95814 1416 Ninth Street .. PRa3ECr TIm: CHANGE OF ZONE . PmCT ADDRESS: Weskof Rancho Santa Fe Rogd; north 6f La. Costa Ave, . south of the future Alga Rd extension 1, .. PENT A~PLIW: La Costa Land Company + & ENVIR0"TAL IMPACT OF THE PRQjECT la EJ SAWS OF PROJECT .- WILL KIT HAVE A SIGNIFICANT EFFECT IUU/&NY HAVE A SIGNIFICANT EFETCT ** . 4 x; APPROVED 2% .. d I DENIED ENVIROIWENTAI, IbPAd?. REPORT .. mNE COMPLETED PURSUANT TO CEQA OOMPLJZED PURSUANT TO CEQA U ra A copy of the 0 Negative Declaration n ETR with supporting documents is available for public review at the Planning Department, City Hall, 1200 Elm Avenue, Carlsbad, CA DATE: SIGNED: 92008. .- a. . JAMES C..' HAGMN, Planning Di rcc t or ,' .. t .. .I 1 i ) 2- . e. .. *a - 3 ” 5. \. *. LI *’ PEE: *5d.QQ ’. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FORM Receipt No. . EIA NO. / 1.- c 2 *. ‘Lr. - ,--e +,j? -3 +L ’ fed L - - . -----”L I*-- b9.2, j.. Date : Name of Applicant: Address : Permit Applied For: chq of mne Case Nos.: Location Of Proposed Activity:Generallv west of Rancho Santa Fe Ro Morth of La Costa Avenue and South of the future Alga Xoad extens La costa Land Company CoGta Del Zdar Road, Carlsbad, Ca. 92008 BACKGROUND IN FORMAT I ON I:, Give a brief description of the proposed activity (attack Zone Change (consistent with genexal plan) proposed mu1 housing any prel iininary development plans). 0r-e ( 2. Describe the activity areag including distinguishing natural and manmade characteristics; also provide precis slope analysis when appropriate. Not Applicable. d 3. Descri he energy conservation measures incorporated into the design and/or operation of the project. Not Applicable. . FORM - 44, Page I of 4 PLANNING '. w, .: .* ' _>' ' : *. m e, 2 c-7 . [ , ' * 4 ?: -% ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FORM_ 11. Environmental Impact Analysis Answer the following questions by. placing a check in' the appropriate space. .. c_ Yes e. I. 'Could the project significantly ch.ange present land uses Could the activity affect the u.se of a recreational .- - . in the vicinity of the activity? ,- 4 2. 3. .C&ld the activity affect the functioning of an 4. Could the activity result in the displacement of .. . area, or area of important aesthetic value? establ i shed community or neighborhood? community .residents? -- - 7- .. . '.. . 5. Are any of the natural or man-made features in the activity - .. area unique, that is, not'found in other parts of the 6. .Could the activity significantly affect a historical or .- County, State, or nation? . archaelogical site or its setting? '- .. .. .. .. -. 7- Could the activity significantly affect the potential . . .uses extraction, or conservation of a scarce natural res- .. ource? . .. __L nesting place, source of water, etc. for-rare or endangered *. .. .- ' .8. Does the activity area serve as a habitat, food source - . cIL.rr wildlife a\: fish species? .. planf life? . -- activity .area? .. . '9. Could the'activity significantly affect fish,,wildlife or '.IO. Are there'iny rare or endangered plant species in the '11. Could the activity change existing features of any.of 12. Could the activity chsnge,existing features of any of 13. Could the activity result in the erosion or elimination .. c -- .. , *. the city's lagoons; bays, or tidelands?- the City's beaches? 7 .-. '. 7 : \ . of .agricultural lands? .presently undeveloped areas or intensify developmeht 14: Could the activity serve to encourage developnlcnt of ' X . of already developed areas? .. 7 .. FORM 44, Page 2 of' 4. ' C - , ,- *, .. . es - e a. I - 'W * --' * .;, ' 8- I n . 15.. Will the activity require a variance from established environmental 16. Will the activity require certification, authorization or issuance of a permit by any. local, State or Federal environmental control agency? Will the activity require issuance of a variance or Conditional use permit by the City? 18. Will the activity involve the application, use, or -disposal of 19, Mill the activity involve construction of facilities in a flood -plain? 20. Will the activ'ity involve construction of facilities on a slope of 25 percent or greater? .. 21. Will the activity involve construction of facilities in the area of an active fault? .. - 22. Could the activity result in the generation of significant . amounts of noise? . -- 23. Could the activity result in the generation of significant amounts of dust? 24, Will the activity involve the burning of brush, trees, or other materials? . -25. Could the activity result in a significant change in the standards (air, water, noise, etc)? - - 17,' potentially hazardous materials? - . .. . 6 uality of any portion of the region's air or water resources? - 9 Should note surface, ground water, off-shore). - 26, Will there be ;'significant change to existing land form? - (a) indicate estimated grading to be done in cubic yards. mt known at. ' - (b) percentage of alteration to the present land form, (c) maximum height of cut or fiII slopes, .27. Will the activity result in substantial increases in the use of utilities, sewers, drains or streets? - It - It 111. State of No Siqnificant Environniental Effects If you have answered yes to one or more of'the questions in Section II but you think the activity wi 11 have no signif icant environmental effects, indicate yo[ reasons bel ow: 4 Approval of the change in zone could ultimately result'in developrac area;,. hotjever 'the change of .zone in itself-has. no. environmental ef? . .* *, .* .* .. * ' ,' F~RM - 44, Page 3 of 4 * .* I .. , I- ,h .. W w -' ' -7 e. 1V: Coiiiincni.:, or [~f;:Ii~~i.;i-I:.ioi~:< to Ally of thc~ Qs~~:~t~i(iii:; -iii Scci.i'ci'i 1 I. ._______ ___----._--.__- _---- _-._._ ___I__-___ . . . . .___. ___- _____._. ______ (IT nciti.i tiotial :;pact is 'ncildcd for? aiisvicriiij .any qiicztioiis, ~IL~KII ii.tId.itior~; 'SlICC!tS as 11ia.y be IlC'CdCld . ) '. @&I.&E*L ': -_--. 9- 6 -79 ---- - ---. -- ____________l__ ._I__ - --~.~~ ___._-...... .- . .._._ - ..__ ___.-._..I . - ..___ __I______ S-i $1 i-ia txw . cl!-SOl'l C,(::i!Jl./ (!ti l.!(J l"Oj)Oi*~,) 049 ,* /. ' . Date S-igncd: I_L--._ .COtlClUS<OllS (2.0 IIC CoriIl)I ct-d by the Pl.aiii-1.iIy ,DircctxiA) . in the appropriate b~x. ' P~JCP :I clieck ( ) I-urtI.ici- irifori1a.t-ioi.i is 1-equ-ii-cd. (t-3.. It Ilris Iicell dct,~)-i;~.ii~~d tIiciI. tlic p~*~.j(lci; will I;[){: i;zvc Ligi-iir icciit cnv-i roninci-itcl efi'ccts. ( ) You. l~i~1~;i suL:ni t a prc1 imi na\-JI en\; i ~oimei-iti . ( ) You imprict state;iicriI: by thc io1 1 ovii iq (i3 te _____.___. - - . - -. .. __ - ___. fui-t.licr proccssiiiy 0.: your project, -in ticc~rdi:tice \*;itti ~i~ai~tilt* '19. CG of the thinicipal Code. ' . * sIio:JItJ in;iI:c i:n tl]?jJ8illtl~~~lt. r!i th t/it! I)I;ii)ri.ii-i:! II.i\-::cirjr to disr;i!ss ,IT././j!, '. ll?,?E ixcEI\!!:!):. -p - 2@-'7G' __k_ .. f 13 s q$5z22?&:.Lx.::>;2wG%i .l~iii~lll'ilN) lhrwm> $r, ,/ /' . .*'x . /./ -- c/' .. ; . .. . . '.' .. -, - X&' .. .. .. .. .- .. .. . .. .. . *. * .. ... .. '. . .. ,. .. .. . .' .. . -._ .. . .. .. .. .'. . .. . . .. .. : * . ,.* .. .. .. <' .. .. .. ,' .. .. ,.. it cv i s c ti y./ 3/ 7 4 .. 9, I{ i> .. ' \ -pi 6%- ) w c. ,- . .> -$ * .? I. 1'1 FEE: 'a50. bo ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FORM ,a Receipt No. . EIA NO. ,fl la L-- - x * -* Date: . . Name of Applicant: La Costa Land Company Address : @oGta Del idar Road, Carlsbad, Ca. 92008 Permit Applied For: rhaT nf _~a Case Nos.: Location of Proposed Activity: Gpnerallv west of 3ancho Santa Fe Roa North of La Costa Avenue and South oL" the future Alga Xoad extensi BACKGROUND IN FORMAT1 ON I:, Give a brief description of the proposed activity (attach Zone Change (consistent with general plan) proposed mu1 housing any preliininary development plans). Qr-2 I 5 2. Describe the activity area, including distinguishing natural and manmade characteristics; also provide precise slope analysis when appropriate. Not Applicable. . 3. Describe energy conservation measures incorporated into the design and/or operation of the project. Not Applicable. FORM - 44, Page 1 of 4 PLANNING 1, ,. ,I , .a a, . .. ,* , ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT FORM , I. 11. Environmental Impact Analysis Answer the following questions by. placing a check in' the appropriate space. Yes _L .. 1. 'Could the project significantly change present land uses 2. Could the activity affect the u.se of a recreational area, or area of important aesthetic value? 3. 'Could the activity affect the functioning of an established cornmunitY or neighborhood? -- 4, Could the activity result in the displacement of community ,residents? -- . , in the vicinity of the activity? - - ._ 4 - .. . '.. . 5. Are any of the natural or man-made features in the activity ' - 2 area unique, that is, not'found in other parts of the 6. .Could the activity significantly affect a historical or .. County, State, or nation? - . archaelogical site or its setting? .. '- .* 0. 7. Could the activity significantly affect the potent'ial .* . . use, extraction, or conservation of a scarce natural res- .8. Does the activ'ity area serve as a habitat, food source - '9. Could the'activity significantly affect fish,,wildlife or 10. Are there'any rare or endangered plant species in the activity .area? 11. Could the activity change existing features of any.of 12. Could the activity change.existing features of any of 13. Could the activity result in the erosion or elimination 14. - e. ource? . nesting place, source of water, etc. for.rare or endangered .. . wildlife 01: fish species? plant life? . 7- - ,. . _. c -- the city's lagoons; bays, or tidelands?. 7- the City's beaches? -- ', -- : \ . of .agricultural 1 ands? Could the activity serve to encourage developnlcnt of presently undevclopcd areas or intensify development X , of already developed areas? .. -I .. FORM 44, Page 2 of'4. r. -- I. ... m ._ . w .- .f I&, -. Will the activity require. a variance from established environmental 16. Will the activity require certification, authorizati'on or issuance standards (air, water, noise, etc)? agency? - use permit by the City? .- . of a permit by any. local, State or Federal environmental control 17.' Glill the activity require' issuance of a variance or conditional 18. Will the activity involve the application, use, or .disposal of 19, Will the activity involve construction of facilities in a flood -ylai n? Nil1 the activ'ity involve construction of facilities on a slope of 25 percent or greater? .. 21. Mill the activity involve construction of facilities in the area of an active fault? 22, Could the activity result in the generation of significant amounts of noise? . _- 23. Could the activity result in the generation of significant amou'nts of dust? - 24: Wlill the activity involve the burning of.brush, trees, or other materials? . - .. - ' . potentially hazardous. materials? - - .. ... . . 20. . .- .. ... , ' .. .. . ' -25. Could the activity result in a significant change in the . ' uality.of any portion of the region's air or' water resources? -. !Should note surface, ground water, off-shore). 26, Will there be $'significant change to existing land form? - -. (a) '-indicate estimated grading to be done in cubic yards. got known at.? h ' . (b) percentage of alteration to the present land form. It (c) ' maximum height of cut or fill slopes. .27. Will the activity result in substantial increases in the use of utilities, sewers , drains or streets? - iII, State of No Siqnificant Environmental Effects .. If you have answered yes to one or more of'thc questions in Section I1 but you think the activity will have no significant environmental effects, indicate you reasons below: Approval of the change in zone could ultimately result'in.developrae -area;, hoFiever 'the chanje of ,zone in itself-has. no, environmental ef4 4 .. .. .* -, +I .. . . 5' *f 8 ,. .. FORM 44, Page 3 of 4 .. - ,. m- .. ..>F - -. .. ., c ?. *A ZV: C(Jiliifi(!tii:, or I~I;tfioi~~~-I:~ioi~~s .lo AI.I!/ of' tho f)l~[lf I:~on~: -~II Seci.i'oii J I. ( JT ;t(iti-it.ioII;ti :;pac~' is wcdmI for ansr,rcrillg jtny qlicstions, z~ttilci) ;,(IcIitiol1; 'sliects i1.l; rllay be r1eodcd , ) S -i (3 I I ii I: (1 t- (I .__-_ --__---------I_._---..-- ---- I__..._ J- -- ----.- L-- .\. <. .-1'-.-L. ' -_____________ '. --. L./L - ----..- - --- - - ... . QL. - ...- - .-. ...- ---..- .- - . . . . .. __ 'I _________ ~ . (i)ersoI'i !,[):illA (:i,.i 119 rojioi-t,) p .. ,- qa ~ ---- ---.-- . . 4 Ihtc S-hJlK'd: -_.__I. c+ 6-79 -11-. - C~IIC'IUS-~~IIS -_____ ._ (-1.0 IIC [;oiil/)l Ct.cd I)y tile I'l.a~i~.iili~] Dil-cci.ol-) . ' I'lace ii ~lieci: iri thc qipropridtc Im, ( ) FurLIic~r iriroi-hJt-ioij is i-etjiiiretJ. ( ) ~t ~lrls Iiclci1 cIci.e1-.il:<ricd tll;it. tlie ~j~~~.)j(~ct \.ri 11 t;ctt. 1i:ivP sigiI.if'icc 111 (~I.~~,/~~~~I~I~I~I~~~~~ effc~ts. ( ) YOU. tij!l:;i, sut:ni I: i! pr~l jmi nai-ji ei?'~i:-ciiinici-i'l.~ imprict S~;I~~;IIPI.I~ Iiy the To1 1oi.ci i!g cintc ftii*~i.I~r iroccssiiig of your project, -in iiccord;;tice v;-ith Ciiaptili- 'lY.04 . () You .._--_..- -_- - .- .- -. .. --____. - - Si'iOLJ1d lilLl!:C? i:II ~Ij~jJ~~ll~l~~~~l~~. \/ilh tllk ~'~dll:~l~l~~~ bil-?Ctol- to d-i:;r:l!:>S of the t4iin.icipal Code. G,OZ -/ /-- - L L, An .. D?.-Ll: 1:ccc I\!!:!):. I I- /Q -7(/4 -. : . .. . :: .. .. - \b. .. .. .. .. .. -- .. .. .. .. .. -. ,_ .. . .. * .. .. .. .. .. * .. ..: .' .. .. -. .. . .. .. .. .'. , .. .c -. .. .. .. t 4 ,I ' . .. @ .. .. . .. \' ' ' .. .. ,' 9 .. , I. ~ev i 's et! I./ 3 11 4 *. ~. '. :e, /I c-.. I{ 0 $1 -4 r /\Di %1 \; *-----_- -,-* - - (* c ‘s, ‘%. -”. DATE : NOVEMBER 30, 1979 TO : CITY COUNCIL FROM: City Manager SUBJECT: AGENDA BILL NO. 609416095: LA COSTA LAND COMPANY APPLICATION FOR MASTER PLAN AMENDMENT AND ZONE CHANGE MP 149 (Master Plan amendment to delete 47 acres from La Costa Master Development Plan) and ZC 206 (zone change from PC to RDM-Q on La Costa property) have been noticed for public hearing at the December 4, 1979 meeting. The recent amendment to the Sewer Moratorium Ordinance (Ordinance No. 9539) requires that the City Council make findings on sewer availability before the City may process planning applications. The above referenced applications from La Costa Land Company had been received and were in process at the time this ordinance amendment was approved by the City Council. requirements, before giving final consideration to these applications, the City Council was asked to consider recommendations on sewer availability findings at the November 20, 1979 meeting. As the City Council did con- sider recommendations for sewer availability on November 28, 1979 and determined to continue decisions on those findings until after the decision on th& San Marcos County Water District sewage treatment plant, it would therefore appear that Council should continue the public hearing on these plan amendments and zone changes until such time as findings have been made in order to comply with the terms of Ordi- nance No. 9539. Further, as we cannot designate a precise date the City Council might continue these hearings, the hearings on these applications will have to be In order to comply with the ordinance City Manager JWD : gb ec: City Attorney City Clerk Planning Director La Costa Land Company Council continued the public hearing to January 2, 1980, I 1 I I I I B I I I I I I’ I- I I I AN INT€!\iSIVE ARCYAEOLOGICAL RECONNAISSANCE OF THE LA COSTA I-ATiD COMPANY PROPERTY I CARLSBAD, CALIFOFZNIA Prepared by Russell L. Kaldenberg, Archaeological Consultant to RECON for La Costa Land Company . Rev i ewed By : 0’ Ni 21 1 r Department of Anthropology , Pal omar Col1 ege; San Diego Country Archaeolog-ical Society; San Diego State University Dept, Of Ai~th~opology: Saq Diego Museup1 of Man; Dr. John Ford, Dept. of A3thrOpOlGcy, 14ira Costa College. I certify that I have reviewed this report and have sent it to the above nientiotied agencies for review and comment, City of Carlsbad Planning Department; Dr. Dennis #+4kLLG-d2& &&A249 P LANN I N G DE PATf-MEN’i Planning Commission Actio\\ d@-&&&kP? - /-/6-7-7 I_-_^- City Council Action -- --- I TABLE OF CO!:TENTS I- I I I I' ~_.______ PAGE 1 A SUMMARY OF REPORT AND RECONKENDATION - Prepared by City of Letter sent to revicwir,g agencies ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECONNAISSANCE - Prepared by RECON ABSTRACT 1 A. INTRODUCTION I BATIQUITOS LAGOO& REGION Carl sbad P1 anni Rg Department 3A Letter fucrn San Dfego County Archaeolcgi cal Soc-iety 444 1 2 B. A HISTORY OF ARCHAEOLOGJCAL RESEARCH IN THE 3 5 7 C. PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING D. A BRIEF CULTURAL HISTORY OF THE LA COSTA AREA I I I I I I I I I I 20 E, BIOLOGICN COliiMllNITY OF THE LA COSTA AREA, 1. Flora 2. .Faunal Resouces 20 22 24 30 30 30 32 34 35 36 1. Descri pti on 36 2. Results of the Archaeological Survey 3, Site Descriptions - La Costa ilorth 38 4. La Costa Master Survey Area (The Northern, Easterm and Northeastern and Southern Por- tions of La Costa Property) I 3. Ethnobotany F. GEOLOGY OF THE LA COSTA PROPERTIES 1. Quaternary Alluvium 2. Pleistocene Sedinents 3. Tert-iary Sediments I 4. Santihgo Peak Metavolcanics G. ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY 52 60. 60 61 62 62 64 H. CRITERIA FOR CULTURAL RESOURCE ASSESSMENT 1. Major 2. Moderate 3. Minor I 4. Significant I. MITIGATION I I I 1 I I I I I I I I I I -. I I 1 I I Page J. XIl'aPACTS TO THE ARCKAEOLOGICAL RESOURCES 66 K. INTERPRETATION OF THF ARCEIEOLOGICAL RECOT~EI ON THE LAS COSTA LAND COMPANY PROPERTY 68 L. PROJECT GREW AND PERSONS ILVD ORGANIZATIONS CONS ULTE I) 79 14. REFERENCI~S CITED 81 PAP PEN DI CE S APPENDIX I: An Archaeological Glossary for Non- Archaeologists APPENDIX XI: Institutional Site Records for La Costa APPENDIX III: Human Remains from La Costa Vicinity APPENDIX IV: Bar Graph Depicting Temporal Relation- ships in the Ea-tiquitos Lagoon Area the Vicinity of Backbay La Costa Site Definition Analysis APPENDIX 17: Surruuarized Data on Recorded Sites in APPENDIX VI : The Results of Mr. Charles Bull's APPENDIX VII: Site Record Forms * APPENDIX VIII: Posthole Data Sheets* "NOTE: These appendices have been prinked as a separately bound document and are dist-ributed in a limited amount . only. SUMNARY OF REPOiiT AND RECOMMENDATION I N T R o Du c T I o N 1 I 1 I I I I I I I 1 I I I 1 i 1 It has been the City's practice to require mitigation of all ide ified archaeological resources prior to development of any proje The environmental review process provides the mealts for identify archaeological resources. Mitigat-ion csln then be achieved by ei excavating a site a.ccording to accepted professional standards, City has r2quired the excavation and/or preservation of archaeol ical sites. The following report was prepared by RECON under contract to the Costa Land Company. The Environmental Impact Report for the La Genera7 Plan Arrendment (Certified April 27, 1976) recommends th? detailed archaeological investigations tske place prior to apprc of specific development proposals in the Master Plan Area. It B staff's 'nter!t that this requirement would be applied as a condi of approval for the proposed La Costa Master Plan. However, ch; to the Ci-ty's P-C Zone have delayed consideration of the La Cos? Master Plan. Consequently, La Costa Land Company has voluntaril subm-itted this report in anticipation of a future requirement. s u M MA 2 Y prcser\!ing it. On a number of projects in the La Costa Area th~ This report contains the findings of an intensive archaeo?ogical survey for the 3500 acre cove'red by the proposed La Costa Mastei A total of 54 archaeolo.gica1 sites were recorded as a result of survey, bringing the total of indentified sites in the La Costa to 60. The report surveys the archaeological literature on the La Cost; describes the archaeological resources, and proposes meth0d.s to igate impacts to the sites. A separate appendix on file in the ing Department contains deta-iled site records and posthole data The La Costa property is undoubtedly one of the most sensitive i aeological areas in Southern California. This survey of the La properties in the first step in identifying a massive amount of concerning the prehistory of the Ba,tiquitos Lagoon area. The rr . be possible to rewrite and reinterpret the hypothesized prehistr San Diego County. It is important to note that this study does not mitigate any a aeological resources. The master survey will be used to alert . City as to the presence to help in determining what type of mit I . suggests that with further detailed investigation in La Costa, I or protection .i's necessary.' -1-4 The report was reviewed by four organizations that have 'interest and expertise in archaeology. The letter sent to reviewing ager and the comirients received have been attached. Since staff recei no criticism of the report, we a*;-e assuining it is adequate. 1 i i I I - R E C 0 M M E N D AT I 0 N Staff recommends that the City Council find that: 1) The report entitled "An Intensive Archaeological Reconnaissanl of La Costa" is an adequate description of archaeological resources in La Costa. The City recognizes that findings in this report are preliminary and may be modified as further information is revealed as part of the environmental review I for individual projects. I 2) Staff is directed to incorporate the report as appropriate foi 3) In order to mitigate impacts to the archaeological resources any EIR prepared for the La Costa area. described in this report or otherwise found, the City, in con- nection with the processing of environmental documents for an) discretionary permits within the area covered by this report, shall require the applicant to submit a research design prepai by a competent archaeologist outlining the scientific methods to be employed in investigating any identified archaeological resource. If an identified archaeological resource is to be preserved or requires no mitigation, the applicant shall submi a letter from a competent archaeologist stating the reasons wh such a course of action is appropriate. The Planning Director shall review the proposed methods of mitigation and consult wi archaeological review agencies to ensure that the mitigation proposed is appropriate and scientifically defensible. I I I: I I II 1. 1' - 1 I I 1 -2-A 1 I E I I I TELPPhONE: 1200 ELM AVENUE CARLSEAD, CALIFORNIA 920Oa (714) 729-1 181 gitp Qf fg2&&g$$ December 16, 1976 TO: ARC HA E 0 L 0 G I C A L R E V I E W A G E W C I E S I FROM: DANA HIELD WHITSON, CARLSBAD PLANNING DEPT. SUBJECT: LA COSTA MASTER ARCHAEOLOGJCAL SURVEY. 0 Enclosed 5s a copy of the Mast2r Archaeological Survey for La Cost, on file in our office the institutional site records for the La Co area. This Master Survey was intended only to identify and preliminarily determine the sionificance of archaeolGgica1 resources in La Costa The Master Survey is not a mit-igation for cny archaeological resou in La Costa, but it does set the stage for future studies. The Master Survey will be used in the future to alert the City as the presence of archaeological resources and to determine what typ of mitigation or protection will be necessary. \de are sending this document to you for two reasons: 1) First, we believe that this study will be an important resourc for your library; 2) Second, if YOU have any comments on the adequacy of the repor. please let me know by January 12, 1977. If I don't hear from you, I will assume that you concur with the contents of the report. I which was prepared by RECON, In addition to this doctimen-i, we ha\/ 1 1 1 I I 1. I' I I The Planning Commission will discuss the Master Survey in the Cit Council Chambers on January 19, 1977, at 7:OO P.M. You are welco to attend and comment on the report. I /&&@&A?&&* / DANA HIELD WHITSON ASSISTANT PLANNER OHM: ar I 3A o t ,.-. -. - t. @ + %&, '2% t e?? J- .,.-- &y;L jjJje;F@ 6 &upq ALyclq.g@ pigal 6" Sg&t y7 7- .LJ.e. Box :La? ~~lci.r,it&s s (>A, 92024 22 c~?rT!.h?2: 30 p 19'18 Pl.3,rlnfng Depar. CaTlsbsd I e!!. $2905 1 I I 1 1 1 i I 1- 1' * I. I 1 city of (;:::r?.s i -_ 700 Elm !4.ve?.lu.c Qyi-tle:.eii : econnsissame of rl j.b,a;nk ym for senC.;inz - -. e____1 An Intm,slue 4.rck;s -- .-- Ita, Costa, p~ep,red oy t:ick 5:qviro;men-Lali Cofisi?ii;anLs and for notification of the dste o?? the 71mnicg Commission nee-ii-ng i;cJ discuss this project. I),'e 1-ia.w reviemc?, the repart and feel it is incicied excellent ad. rmst _I_ .-.I- i akqua-te .I 'tie comend. tha City of Czyisbad and the La bsta Lsrid Coxpiy for their foresigh-t ii1 ezly i&ntifi.cztj-cn cf' ths cfil*,~~zal ~esc~;:c~s Lad l;lLzi~ j.ritee.+ *A " "io -~.ti.l?jze tills &&La in :.;><x$ 'jcs >jla::+ng, As stated in -the report archaeological res6ach in this ex"ireme1y 5.n:porta.nt z~ea r:ay ~11 bid. 4th~ kq 50 reconst,ructj 012 of the greh?-.s-tory of ccastz1 Sout'rie?:~~ Ca.lifom.la I $73 ur~cgc that OK: nonrenewable archaeological ~"es31~ces be preserved for tt1.5 2u.tm-e if at 211 _ps~si'ole miif r.;he?:l not g9ssi'd-r: t thzt 2~qer xitigat.icm be .zccoiqlished. !:;e ' a,dditionaIly recornmeiid -that a ssS.cn-lii'ic aid r.;ell pl-zmed research c?esign bc rec:&m2 on 3.11 excavazions mck-rt..z;i;e:i rsheiz !;reservation is ,. I not feasi'bli: . Sincerel-y, /sa czLLf5&.4- ,As. Carol :;ralIcer E:nvironnen-Lai Eeview Committe~ BWCVlVEl L.L.4 .LJ r) : JAN 3 1w a -. fJj-y OF cp,RLsBP.L: - [;;:::j:z pzpertn?%t 444 k SaQ -&go csunty ArehaeologicaH Society, In P,O. Box 187 &cini-tas I CA 92024 Peb~u~y 1, 1917 Planning Departmerrk. City of Carlsbad pb -T (-4 -k;: -j L.b -4-d 1200 Elm Avenue 1 Carlsbad, PA 92093 FSIB 0 4 jY77 Gentlemen : CITY 05 CARk_%aAD. flz p@zi-dml& I 1 i 1 1 i I I 1 The following is sdmLtted in response to your cn An Intensive A~c:haeological Reconnhissance of La Costa Fhvironmental ConsdLim-l;s o The Sm Diego Co~zrLy brcha,eological Society is cornprcised of' a membership of appro yjmately 200 persons t including -mth professional and avo cational archaeologists. comnen'c. on pro jeck whtch ma,y alf ect cultural resources within San Die@ County. Review Com?;.ittee, Carlsbad area. A letter dated 12/15/76 from the City of Carlsba4 states this report, is inteaded .5;0 identify md prelininarily deternine the significance of archawlogic resources in La cbstz. md dl1 be used .f;o de-berrtiiiie rkat type of mitig3f,iOil Ol' protection wfll be necessary, The report serves the purpse for which li was inteniizd; namdy %",e iden tification of culturaiL resoirrc& and a Frelimiiiar-y assessnenl of the3 signi-?izance. It is a valvable document to be used in planning future Parid use projects. - as it is a, pyeLiminTz$ stacly one --___- must remember -Lh;t"t; assessnent of site si~.LE&xmce and recommendatioxK€or mii&@ion may charge as further resezrch progresses wd hata is ---__ acc%ulated. In Sections 3 aEa I - Kaldenberg - ___I has outlined his criteria for azsessing site significance -_ - - ad proposed measmes for mitigation. One should not bz 'IxrunC- to these- pzdfn>in-ay re-~o~~~-~~~~~~~~~~--~a~~~he-o~~~n~~revi se Lhem--r,s -a&rZtionzI Information is obtained. We recommend preservation of OUT cultural resources whenever po ssi'cle o impossible, all projects must proceed in compliance with the California Environmental Quali.ty Act md- the State of California and County of San Diego ' Guidelines for the Inpleaentation of CSQA. undertaken only mder the direction of a qualified and conpe.tent professional design e This =ea is one of extreriie aichaeological imprtmce aid requires intwsive systematic archaeological research and study. impacts must also be a prime consideration. st for addieonal cow~mt prepared by Rick T -I_% is the practice of om organies'cioii to review and The review procedure fdls nndn the direction of OIX Ehvironnen-tal As a member of that comaittee I reviet; projects in the -..--A --I_ -------- ^I___--- - lhen 1 It is critical that projects be I archaeo1ogis.t and b~ caxied out inth a scientific and well.'prepared resexrch Nethods of control o€ secondary I I 1 54 I 1 1 1 Planning Department Re: An Inteasive Arch. Reconnaissance of La Costa Page 2 1 City of Carlsbad I We appreciate the foresight demonstrated by the City of Carlsbad and- the La Costa Land Company In project planning am2 their concern about cultural resowce management. I Sincerely, 1 Ms. Carol Walker a- fly (L44L4&AA/! Environmental Review Committee 1 I I 1 I 1 I- .' I 1 I 1 LA * I 1 I E 1 I R 1 1 1 1 1 I I I 1 I 1 I FIGURES Page 6 Figure 2. .... Chronological Model for San Diego County 8 Figure 3....,Historic Villages Within La Costa Vicinity 13 Figure 4.. ... Geological Map of La Costa Properties 32 and Accompanying Legend 33 Figure S....,Archaeological Surveys Conducted on La Costa Properties 37 Figure 6....,AeriaP Photograph of La Costa Area 39 Figure 1. - . . . San Diego County Vicinity Map Figure 7.....Archaeological Sites Plotted in Relation- Figure 8..,..,Plotting of Known Radiocarbon Dates From ship to the Local Drainage Patterns 70 Batiquitos Lagoon Area 76 TABLES Page Table l......Mission San Diego de Alcala Baptisms 16 Table 2......Relationship Between Geological Units and Table 3......Site Significance and Suggested Mitigating Measures for Sites on Ea Costa 65 Table 4...,,.Sites Which May be Indirectly Impacted as a Result of the La Costa Master Plan 67 Table 5......Status of Other Sites in the La Costa Master Plan Area 69 Table 6.. .... Sites with Late Prehistoric Components 72 Table 7... ... Radiocarbon Dates from the La Costa Area 73 Table 8......ArchaeologicaI Site Inventory of La Costa Properties 75 Sites on La Costa Property 35 I . t 1 E I 1 1 I 1 1 1 I I 1 I I 1 B I ABSTRACT Two intensive archaeological surveys were conducted during November 1975 and January 1976 on 3,500 acres of land in north Coastal San Diego County. A total of 41 archaeological sites were recorded as a result of this series of surveys. other sites were recorded during the survey of La Costa Far Sout in November 1975. These 54 sites, in conjunction with the six other recorded sites on La Costa property make La Costa Land Company, with 60 recorded sites, one of the archaeologically sen sitive areas of Southern California. This report surveys the archaeological literature of the La Costa area, describes the archaeological resources, and suggests methods to mitigate the impacts to the sites while still allowing planned, residential development to occur in the La Costa area. Thirteen I I I 1 I I I I I 1 I I 1 1 1 I i I 1. i A. INTRODUCTION The coastal regions of Southern California once contained many thousands of places where aboriginal Americans conducted the activities of their daily lives. Prior to the arrival of Euro-Americans in California in 1542, little is known qbout the people who inhabited this area except by archaeologists who are attempting to reconstruct prehistoric social systems. The abori ginal Americans had no system of writing, therefore we have writ ten documents only as the result of Euro-American contact. Con- sistent documentation began in the year 1769 at the time of the founding of the first presidio on Presidio Hill in San Diego. From that time until the present, we have substantial documen- tations of Spanish, Mexican, and American lifeways. What is lacking, though, is a body of information regarding the Indians of Southern California. It will only be through ex%.ensive ar- chaeological research that the past is ever known and understood One of the few locations within California where prehistoric sit are still available for study is along the coast from the Tiajua River to Camp Pendleton. Urbanization during the past 30 years has caused the destruction of several thousand sites. A majorit of the sites along San Diego Bay, Mission Bay, La Jolla Cove, San Elijo Lagoon, Agua Hedionda Lagoon and Buena Vista Lagoon have been removed to make way for twentieth century residences. One of the last places along the coast of San Diegq County where numerous archaeological sites can still be found is the Batiquit Lagoon, backbay La Costa area. Without proper mitigatory meas- ures and scientific exploration, these areas too, shall be re- moved of their cultural resources. The La Costa Land Company, cognizant of the archaeological value of their property, contracted to have their entire owner- ments of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) of 1970 as interpreted by the City of Carlsbad, and to be able to use th location of sites as a planning aid in order to use cultural re- sources as green areas or dedicated open space wherever possible Beginning in 1972, La Costa began sponsoring a series of ar- chaeological surveys and excavations. Several reports on these scientific data collecting ventures were prepared by May (1972), Kaldenberg (1974) , Kaldenberg (19751, and Kaldenberg and Hatley (1976). Additionally, Farrell (1976) completed an archaeologica reconnaissance of the entire Batiquitos Lagoon for the proposed Batiquitos Lagoon Regional Park. With this report, the field surveys and the identification of archaeological resources on La Costa holdings are complete, but excavations, and the inter- pretation of the resourcesd will undoutedly encompass another several years of research. It is believed by this researcher that sites within the La Costa ownership boundaries hold the key to understanding the prehistory of coastal Southern Cali- fornia. ship parcel surveyed. This was done in order to fulfill require 2 I 1 I 1 1 I I 1 1 1 I I 1 I I 1 1 1 B. A HISTORY OF ARCHAEOLOGICAL RESEARCH IN THE BATIQUITOS LA- GOON REGION As is the case with most archaeological research which has been conducted in San Diego County, the late Malcolm Rogers of the San Diego Museum of Man explored the lagoon and backbay area around La Costa between 1929 and 1935 (Notes on file at the Mu- seum of Man). Rogers recorded 26 archaeological sites yithin th vicinity. As was true with much of his work, he assigned large site areas to one site number although the sites may be removed was applied. sites in this region, but he did place test units at various sites throughout the county and did not record the placewent of these units. What happened between 1935 and 1959 is unrecorded, but for a period of 24 years, no archaeological excavations nor archaeological research was actively conducted in this vicinity. In 1959, the University of California Archaeological Survey, un- der the direction of Claude Warren and D. L. "Red" True, led a series of surveys throughout the river valleys and lagoons of San Diego County. They had been preceded in the Buena Vista Lagoon area by Dr. William J. Wallace who conducted an intensive survey of the lagoon and the drainage system of Buena Vista Cree Between 1959 and 1963, the UCLA team surveyed and qxcavated with the Batiquitos Lagoon area. The implementation of Interstate-5 near the mouth of Batiquitos caused the excavation of sites SDi- 603 and SDi-211. Research was continued by UCLA in coastal San as much as one-half mile from each other, yet the same site numb It is not known if Rogers actively excavated any I Diego County until 1964 when their work was complete. After that time, sporadic excavations were conducted by loca students at Site W-179 near Encinitas Creek in 1967, and at the Reyna site in 1970. It was not until the California Environment Quality Act passed in the general election of 1970 that addition work was to be conducted around the La Costa area. Ronald V. Ma performed an archaeological survey for SDG&E through the La Cost Land Company in 1972, and he also conducted an extensive survey of some of the western areas of La Costa in early 1973, identify ing eleven archaeological sites. Later, during 1973, May conduc another survey for SDG&E which located additional sites to the east of La Costa. One test unit was excavated on the Weigand se tion of La Costa in December, 1972. During the summer of 1974, a salvage excavation was conducted by Kaldenberg and Ezell on site SDM-W-49, just adjacent to La Costa Land Company. The re- sults of the excavation were so startling, with evidence of San Dieguito Complex inhabitation in a stratified site at 8500 B.P., that interest was sparked anew in the vicinity. 3 In September 1974, a survey was conducted by Sue Ann Cup- ples of San Diego State University Foundation for the La Costa Land Company on Site W-181"A". Recommendations for additional exploration were made which included a five percent archaeologi- cal excavation. During October and November of 1974, Kalden- berg conducted an excavation on W-181 "A1' which became known as Santa Fe Glens. During 1975, Kaldenberg conducted three sur- veys of the La Costa Land Company holdings and one excavation al site W-106. During the later portions of 1975 and early 1976, Nancy Farrell surveyed all of Batiquitos Lagoon which included portions of La Costa Land Company (Farrell 1976). Charles S. Bull has conducted archaeological data retrieval exploratory tests at several sites in La Casta Far South during the early months of 1976, Farrell is in the process of nominating the entire Batiquitos and Agua Hedionda Lagoon areas to $he National Registry of Historic Places as an archaeological area. Unques- tionably, these areas will be accepted to the Registry. 4 I I 1 1 1 1 I I I 1 I I 1 I i 1 8 5 1 C. PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING The La Costa Land Company project encompasses approximately 6,000 acres located in the City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, extending three miles east of the Pacific Ocean. The project area is bounded on the west by El Camino Real, on the east by Rancho Santa Fe Road, on the south by Qiivenhain Road, and on the north by agricultural land roughly one-half mile south of Palomar Airport Road (Figure 1). Batiquitos Lagoon is situated to the immediate weqt qf the La Costa property. The La Costa property straddles the San Mar cos Creek drainage west of Rancho Santa Fe Road. veloped portions of the property are located in the stream vall and along the slopes of an unnamed tributary valley near the west margin of the development. Already de- South of San Marcos Creek and the La Costa golf course, the study area consists of a broad, gently rolling bench-like sur- face at elevations of 200 to 260 feet. This surface rises gradi ally to the east to 300 feet where it abuts the steeper slopes and rougher terrain of a west-north-west trending hill mass wit1 elevations ranging from 400 to 600 feet in La Costa North to more than 1,000 feet on the highest hill along the east boundar: of the property. As evident on the topographic map, the margins of this sur- face have been dissected by a series of stream valreys mostly tributary to Encinitas Creek (along the south and west margins of the property), or to San Marcos Creek. The hill mass is traversed by San Marcos Creek which has excavated a narrow gorgl and canyon some 200 to 300 feet deep. I X I 1 / I / 1 1 20 I Qv 0 / \ / \ am I I I 1 R 1 1 E E I I I 1 I 1 i I 1 7 i D. A BRIEF CULTURAL HISTORY OF THE LA COSTA AREA The prehistory of the La Costa Land Company property and of San Diego County west of the Laguna Mountains has been divided into three major traditions or archaeologically-known cultures (Rogers 1966; Warren 1967; Moriarty 1969) which are generally accepted as viable concepts by local prehistorians. These tra- ditions are the Paleo-Indian, Milling Stone, and Ceramic phases of local development. The Paleo-Indian tradition ig locally kno as the San Dieguito Complex. The Milling Stone Horizon is known in San Diego County as the La Jolla Complex, and the Ceramic Tra dition is identified as the Yuman I11 aspect of the Diegueno (Rogers 1945; Moriarty 1969) or the Kumeyaay (Ezell and Kalden- berg 1973), phase (Figure 2). Pre-Paleo-Indian Beginnings. Prior to the Paleo-Indian colo zation of San Diego County, it is widely believed by qrchaeolo- gists that the littoral zone' was unoccupied by anyone but a scan hunting-gathering popularion (Wormington 1957:224), that is, if humans. There are those, however, primarily geologists and chem ists, who believe that the antiquity of humanity in the New World manifests itself in Coastal San Diego County. Carter (1950, 1952, 1954a, 1954b, 1957, 1975) a geographer, feel that he has discovered evidence which places a small but stable hunting-gathering population in the littoral of San Diego County as early as 180,000 years ago (Carter 1975). Carter's dating methods are based upon geomorphological techniques and geologica stratification. Artifacts located within his sites are primaril composed of quartzite cobbles that have been percussioq flaked and battered, probably as a result of rolling and tumbling (Worm ington 1957:223). (1955), Moriarty (1972), and Singer (1975) feel that the quartz- ite core tools and flakes associated with the sites identified by Carter are items which were indeed manufactured by humans, anc they are not a simple result of naturally-occurring geological processes. excavated from the Buchanan Canyon site (Moriarty and Minshell 1972) in the Mission Valley area of San Diego indicated that: [although] 'the manufacture of chipping' event [sic] date to the Pleistocene does not seem to be supported in the case of this particular sample. fluorine diffusion data, the Buchannon [sic] Canyon sample seems to be associated with the La Jolla materi- als tested (Taylor 1975: 131-133). it was occupied during the pre-Paleo-Indian time frame by any George F. Several archaeologists including Witthoft Experiments by Taylor (1975) on quartzite artifacts Based upon Another scientific proponent for Pleistocene Period popula- tions in San Diego County is Dr. Jeffery Bada, a chemist who was instrumental in the development of the amino acid dating tech- nique. Bada et a1 (1974) believes that he has evidence to sup- port the presence of a coastal-living population in La Jolla, w cn 3 0 c H -4 0 m k -4 r: -4 rl a 8 $5 B w I3 E 4 W n $i 3 B I3 z 3 0 5 -rl . . -*E *rlk 050 . Q 4 aoc, . . PC *ox x . -4 a, a, ob4 r( u *oa a 0 c, -4 w $4 k -rl u W 1 a,@ a tn rl a, . . x' g $2 a, g 3,+btJa(OW :a *v wwc d: "2CAkrl c 4 4 0 4 0 z 0 P; X u rl .4 b F: v3 4 3 unoaul&rl 0 a 0 zm4I.2 ab rf '4 u 04 ?* ;i 2aaa a rd 4 2 v 0 u . . . . . a . . . . .a . . .* .e .- . . . .* UP; 0 HO . . . . . . CII wcr . a . . . . . w nnclnnptptpc ptck PI . H ;2<2<P;DiFL; am a n 0 00 HU)OOCnOOOO 00 0 om 0 rn\o3CoPO - -4 4 l-Irlrlrlr(rn~P corn 0 . . rl m . . . . 000 4. !I b m N w 0 0 m rT) z 4 . . * . . . . 8 . *4J . . . 9 sa 2 5 4 a 4 -4 a'd 4@ k ha 3.4 *k : a,E c, rd :g -4 a -d * Xk u Q) tn.4 l-i ri r13, rd rl rli rl @a u 2 0 4 -4 a g E 3: ; clcE c3 4 c, 4a 2 wbrcn a H ;-; kcn a, *- Q) a4 3 #Gal am a, E3c w 0 E: -4 kk 4 rlk7 Ea aa 5 -40 s dOJ2 0 4 E: I 1 I I 1 I 1 1 I I 1 1 i I 1 i 1 i 9 I California as early as 48,000 years ago. Recently, Bada has been joined by Berger (1975) in an attempt to correlate early New World dates obtained by the amino acid technique with those obtained by Berger (1975) as a result of collagen-extraction radiocarbon dating. In dating the Laguna cranium, Berger ob- tained a collagen date of 17,150?~1,470 years (1975:178). Bergei concluded that: This date produced considerable consternation because it antedated any other clearly human skeletal material in the New World by almost 7,000 years. Other early dates obtained by Berger included 23,600 B.P. for the Los Angeles Man cranium (Berger 1975:181), and 30,400f2500 B.P. (Berger 1975:182) for the Santa Rosa Island dwarf mammoth reported by Orr (1968). chaeologically stratified sites. Archaeologists must rely upon human skeletal material which has often remained on museum shelves for dozens of years (e.g., the Del Mar Man, the Laguna Man, and the Los Angeles Man). At Rancho Park North, Bada and Helfman tested human bone material by the amino acid method and obtained dates ranging from 37,500 to 48,000 years of age, (Hel: man 1975), which do not correlate with information currently ac- cepted by most New World archaeologists. More recently, Helfmai has stated that further experiments with the specimens have pro- duced similar dates; she is therefore attempting to extract amino acids from shell obtained at the same stratigraphic level as the human burials at Rancho Park North (Helfman 1975). Unfortunately, no early dates have been obbained from ar- Shell from the midden which produced the Del Mar Man skull has yielded a date of 9,200 B.P. (Tyson 1975), a date comparablc with the known chronology of San Diego County. The 40,OOOk yea1 difference between the results obtained by radiocarbon dating ai amino acid implies that the discrepancy is too great simply to be attributed to radiocarbon errors. The errors must lie in thc experimental amino-acid technique itself. Thus, San Diego County has yielded many period dates but no1 have yet been proven to be archaeologically reliable since none have contained an archaeological record which can be interpretec as being complete. Therefore, it is only possible to state tha. the Pleistocene archaeology of San Diego County has not readily yielded to test situations which will allow the antiquity of mal in the New World to be further extended. Archaeologists must continue to base their understanding of the prehistory of San Diego County on the three archaeological traditions which will be discussed within this chapter. The San Dieguito. Auast amount of published information i! available on the prehistory of San Diego County, although it is poorly synthesized. This is, in general, true for the whole of California, as expressed by Eberhart (1961:361) so aptly when hc states: The archaeology of California has not yielded readily to the construction of closely ordered chronological sequences. It was not until 30 years ago that any archaeologist working in the state was able to recog- nize sufficient change in his artifacts to postulate cultural change. This is especially true of San Diego County, where publishec Usir reference materials have been limited until very recently. the sources which are currently available and considered to be reliable, the prehistory of San Diego County begins approxi- mately 12,000 years ago with the earliest phase of the San Dieguito complex. According to Wallace, the San Dieguito com- plex has a wide distribution from the Pacific Ocean to the Colorado River region. endured much longer in the west than in the arid interior (Wallace 1971:190) .I' Rogers (1958:18) felt that the earliest San Dieguito peoples ranged from the San Pedro Valley in easterr Arizona to the Colorado Desert in Southern California. It is a "chipped stone industry ... which The basic material culture of San Dieguito Complex involves numerous types of scrapers and scraper planes, choppers, cres- centics, large blades and points. It has been divided into three phases, which are called San Dieguito I, San Dieguito 11, and San Dieguito 111. A fourth phase, San Dieguito IV, exists in Baja California, but, to our knowledge, has not persisted into San Diego County (Rogers 1966). San Dieguito I, the earliest phase of the complex (Rogers 1939), is absent from San Diego County west of the watershed of the Laguna Mountains (Ezell 1973) ance east of the watershed and encompasses a large area of the California desert and "western and southwestern Arizona.. . being traced as far south as Sonora, Mexico (Rogers 1958:4)." It is composed of cruder stone tools, primarily consisting of choppers and large flakes produced by percussion flaking; sleeping circles; trail shrines; and varied rock alignments (Rogers 1966:51-57). though it makes its appear- The intermediate phase is the first one appearing in San Diego County, west of the watershed of the Laguna Mountains, wit Rogers recording fifty-two (52) sites in the county with San Dieguito I1 representative material culture (Rogers 1966:178-184 While the dating of this phase is inexplicit, most archaeologist place the introduction of this complex at about 12,000 B.P. 10 1 I i I I 1 I I I 1 I I 1 1 I I I 1 11 i (Ezell 1973). The charaoteristic assemblage includes improved lithic materials (better types of stone were selected for tool-making) , improved flaking techniques for the manufacturing of more predictable types of stone tools, and the absence of the San Dieguito I cultural association with sleeping circles (Rogers 1966:60). San Dieguito I11 is very well represented in San Diego Coun ". . . probably persisting until 8,500 to 7,500 B.P. (Warren an True 1961:253)." The basic differentiation from San Dieguito I is the appearance of pressure flaking as a technique for lithic manufacture and the utilization of such stone material with an even more highly improved conchoidal fracturing ability, such as jasper, chalcedony, and occasionally obsidian. The cultural reconstruction of this tradition was made possible through exca vations conducted at the Harris Site (W-198) by various archaeo logists including Rogers (1938) and Ezell (1964). Further info mation concerning this phase of the San Dieguito has recently been obtained from Great Western Site "A," excavated by Kalden- berg and Ezell (1974: Unpublished Ms.), where an enormous amoun of previously unknown information was obtained through excavati At that site (Rancho Park .North, Site A) , situated on the south boundaries of the La Costa property, radiocarbon dates ranging from 8360f90 years B.P. were obtained (Kaldenberg 1976) on the San Dieguito level. This date corresponds very closely with th obtained by Moriarty at UCLJ-M-15 and Claude Warren at the Harr Site. Based upon this new information, it appears that the Sa Dieguito were permanent inhabitants of the Pacific littoral and may have been the same people as the La Jolla Complex, only we recognize them as different archaeological cultures due to dif- ferent types of tools located at their sites. Additional resea at La Costa can substantiate this hypothesis. La Jolla Complex (Milling Stone Tradition). Following the San Dieguito Complex, the La Jolla peoples appeared. They may have made their first appearance as early as 9,000 B.P. (Roger 1966:15). Several radiocarbon dates seem to support this hypot sis. Hubbs published a date on a La Jolla midden at Point Loma with a date of 7,130A350 B.P. (Hubbs, Bien and Suess 1965::ll) and another radiocarbon date of 9,020rt500 (Hubbs, Bien and Sues 1965:1O9) e At Rancho Park North, the milling component first occurs at 6,900 years ago (Kaldenberg 1976). Based upon excavations by Warren and True, it was well-developed at SDi-603 at the mout? of Batiquitos Lagoon by 6,000 years ago (Warren and True 1961j0 The La Jolla complex is divided into two phases, the La Jol I and the La Jolla 11, with the major criteria for its definiti being the advent of flexed burials, the utilization of Olivella beads, retouched flakes and the economic dependence upon shell- fish and seed collecting. The La Jolla complex existed through coastal San Diego County and penetrated the major river drainag systems and lagoons. The inland equivalent of the coastal La Jolla complex has not been well defined in the literature, either materially or in the temporal sense. This equivalent may be the Pauma comple as defined by True (1958), which is composed of milling impelem large blades, comoles and "donut" stones. Further work needs to be done at sites supporting tool asse blages similar to the Pauma complex, but at which the surface r mains indicate that the population did not primarily rely upon shellfish resources. A date of 2,900 B.P. at an inland site net Rancho Bernard0 suggests that this complex may have survived up to and during the time of the intrusion of Yuman-speakers into San Diego County. Late Prehistoric Cultures. In the north part of the county, Meighan (1954) has proposed the establishment of two complexes, San Luis Rey I and San Luis Rey 11. The definitive characteris- tics of San Luis Rey I are dark, sooty midden deposits containir small pressure-flaked projectile points, manos, portable metate: olivella beads, drilled stone ornaments, mortars, and pestles. San Luis Rey I1 differs only in that pottery, pictographs, and historic materials are found in association with all of the above. In southern San Diego County, a Yuman-speaking culture calle the Kumeyaay occupied the coastal regions and the oak-laden hill According to Moriarty, "it was not until 3,000 B.P. that enough Yuman additions occur[red] in the artifact assemblage to allow u to infer a settling of Yuman peoples among the La Jollan [sic] on the coast (Moriarty 1966:23)." They brought with them a new type of burial pattern (cremation), a new type of projectile point, and later, ceramics in the form of Tizon Brown Ware. The introduction of pottery occurred around 1270+250 A.D., according to a radiocarbon date from the Spindrift Site (Moriarty 1966:27); and according to information from Rattlesnake Rock Shelter, it mi have been introduced into San Diego County as early as 1000 A.D. (Davis 1973). Kroeber (1925) (Figure 3) places the boundary between the Luiseno of the north and the Kumeyaay of the south at Batiquitos Lagoon. Mission records (Merriam 1968) further confuse the prob- lems of aboriginal boundaries since baptismal records show that Indians from Batiquitos Lagoon were baptized at Mission San Luis Rey and San Diego de Alcala. 12 1 UISE 4 .+ S,tm"o.,n.- 0 I' Am ,h*drl*r Figure 3. Historic villages in Southern California as identi: by Kroeber (1925). Note that Hakutl and Shikapa are within the 1 I i 1 Costa vicinity rn In the northern part of the county, the late culture was a Shoshonean-speaking people called the Luiseno. According to A. L. Kroeber, the Luiseno received their name after the Missior San Luis Rey de Francia. in northern San Diego County, sharing borders with the Juaneno, Gabrielino, Serrano, Cahuilla, and Kumeyaay (Kroeber 1925:648). Rather than being a mountain people, as were their neighbors to the east, the Luiseno occupied the hills within their territory up to and including the watershed areas of the chaparral. Their inland territory included the San Luis Rey River and its drainac They occupied an irregular territory system, The archaeological manifestation of this ethnographically recorded linguistic group may well have been the San Luis Rey I1 complex. From Wallace's report of site S.D.-132, we know that t Luiseno (SL.RII?) material culture was very similar to that of their neighbors to the south, the Kumeyaay, consisting of a seed collecting and hunting economy. Bedrock mortars, pestles, milli stone-mullers and leeching basins comprised their techno-economi subsistence implements. Small stemless concave-based projectile points were the most dominant type of point, with drills and scrapers also being abundant lithic implements. Ornamentally, olivella shells found frequent utilization as pendants (Wallace 1971:196). The pottery, Tizon Brown Ware, was introduced into Luiseno territory from the Kumeyaay to the south, about 1350 A.D. (McCown 1955: 45) . European Period. Upon their arrival in California, the Europeans found a coastline alive with humanity. The bays' shores sparkled with dark shell-incrusted middens. Natives, in their tule balsa's and plank canoes greeted the newcomers with amicability, quixotism, and sometimes hostility. To the Euro- peans, this was a new land necessary for economic expansion. The Spanish needed California as a barrier to keep the Russians in the north, for by 1750, Russian fur trappers were already ex- panding their fur trade and had already established a Fort in Northern California. They even made their presence known all along the Channel Islands and as far east as Buena Vista Lake California (John 1975). In order to stabilize the new frontier, it was necessary to found an army outpost where soldiers could guard the newly ac- quired land. Following the establishment of the Presidio in 1769 near the Indian Village of Xosoi on Presidio Hill, a missio was established to convert the heathens to Christianity, and to politically control the newly colonized territory (Bolton 1931). 14 I I 1 i 1 i I I I I 1 1 i i 1 I I 1 1 When the Spanish arrived at San Diego, they found a settled group of people situated around the bays, rivers and lagoons. Instead of being agriculturalists as were their conternpories to the east, these people were hunters and gatherers. Bancroft "these Indians consumed 'stranded whales, animals of the seal genus, fish, and shellfish'[all of which] form the main part of, their diet." They also were known to eat coyotes, skunk, wild- cats, rats, mice, crows, hawks, owls, lizards, frogs, snakes, other than rattlesnakes, grasshoppers, and other insects, and deer. The rattlesnake and the bear were not generally eaten due to religious taboos regarding these animals. in his History of California (Bancroft 1886:405) stated that Wild fowl were caught in nets made of tules spread over channels cut through the rushes in places frequented by fowl, at a sufficient height above the water. Fish were captured in seine made from the tough bark of the tione tree and via a spear havinc a moveable bone head attached to a long line (Bancroft 1886:406). Based upon the early accounts of the local aborigines, it appears as though groups of these people only inhabited the coast seasonally since they came down to the coast in the fishing sea- interior (Bancroft 1886:406). Shipek has found in her interview: with Delfina Cuero (1968), that even as late as the 192O's, this type of seasonal rota was still being practiced in the Mission Valley area of the County. on January 10, 1776. It appears that this was the location where the Portola expedition had dug a batequi on May 27, 1769 from which to drink. It was at this place that Portola and CresI encountered Indians smoking a clay tobacco pipe. According to Fage's diary, the exact location of this place was where Batiqui- tos Lagoon and Green Valley intersect. At that place, Indians came down (from a hill) and interchanged goods with the Portola expedition. The Portola expedition named the location San Alejo (San Elijo was known as the Valley of the Triumph of the Holy Cross). Palou reports that the entire village consisted of eighi men, three women, and four children. son and remained until the shoals left, then returned to the Batiquitos Lagoon is first mentioned by that name by Font Very little documentation of the area occurs in the historic record since it is approximately one-half the distance between the two San Diego County missions. Bancroft reports tha,t Indian: from an inland village attempted to sail their tule rafts down San Marcos Creek to pillage the village of San Marcos (Bancroft 1886:138); its location has since been lost. Mission baptismal records indicate that a substantial number of people must have been residing along San Marcos Creek and Bat quitos Lagoon until the early 1800's in much the same manner as did their ancestors prior to Spanish colonization. 15 Merriman reports the following: the Mission San Luis Rey recorded the baptism of 36 people from the rancheria of Batequi and 25 from Bataquitos. These were segregated into 24 men, 26 women, and 11 children. In 1790, one woman was baptized from the rancheria of Apo-i de 10s Batequitos at Mission San Diego. From the Rancheria de Alejo alias Jeyal, one man was baptized in 1780. Between 1774 1808, 211 men, women and children were baptized at Mission San Diego de Alcala from Batequitos Lagoon rancheria. Merriman (19 151) presents the following count of these people. a a a, a, -4 a, -4 -4 a,-4 kc, a)@ 3rd a,rd 3rd TABLE 1 55 krn ash g% 55 krn 2% -2z Name of Rancheria *a za wicg za "Cuilp, Capitan de la rancheria hasta ahora llamada San Dieguito y nuebemente nombrado San Benito Palermo [17771. I' 1774 (1) 1776 (2) - "rancheria de San Benito Palermo de la lengua de San Juan Capis- trano el viejo." 1777 (41) 1778 (7) San Benito (63) 1779 (4) 1780 (3) San Benito Palermo (55) 1781 (9) 1782 (7) San Benito Palermo alias 1783 (5) 1784 (4) San Benito or San Alejo (3). 1788 (7) 1789 (6) "San Benito, de la rancheria de 1790 (5) 1791 (5) 10s Batequitos. I' 1792 (3) 1793 (5) San Alexos or Batequitos (3). 1794 (12) 1795 (3) "de 10s Batequitos que pertenecen 1796 (5) 1797 (11) a San Benito." 1798 (4) 1800 (9) San Alejo (3). 1802 (7) 1803 (2) San Alexo (4). 1804 (4) 1806 (3) San Dieguito (38). 1807 (5) 1808 (1) "rancheria de San Dieguito vulgo llamado de gentil Ajopunguile [17741 .'I 22 men "rancheria que llaman 10s Indios JallaguA y 10s nuestros San Dieguito [17771 .I1 1787 (12) San Dieguito. 1785 (9) TOTAL 2 5 women 120 children 211 Total Baptis JallauhA. Jalliau. 16 1 1 I I I 1 I 1 1 i 1 I 1 1 1 I 1 I Therefore, a grand total of 274 people were baptized from tht Batiquitos Lagoon area at the two San Diego County Missions be- tween 1774 and 1808. If Shipek is correct, that more than half of the population fled the coast to escape the Spanish, and anotl half of the people refused baptism, the aboriginal population of the La Costa area numbered between 600 and 900 persons. After the end of the Spanish era of California in 1822, Mexico began granting large ranchos to various office holders and polital friends (under Spanish- regulations the missions and padres were only caretakers, the land belonged to the Indians and would be returned when the Indians became educated and self- supporting). By the Acts of Secularization in 1833-34, the missions were deprived of all their trust lands and office holdc of the Mexican government began granting parcels of lands to va~ ous individuals. The La Costa property encompasses portions of two of these land grants. One, Agua Hedionda, which comprises the northern portion of La Costa, was a land grant of 13,311.01 acres awarde in 1842 to Juan Maria Marron, a prominent politician and ally of the Pico-Bandini-Carrillo politic31 group of politicians. In 1860, Francis Hinton won the rancho as the result of a gambl debt. Upon his death he willed the property to Robert Kelly. Kelly died in 1891. He left the property to his nieces and nephews who still own portions of the property today. The southern portion of La Costa was formerly the Las Encin tas Rancho or otherwise known as Canada de San Alijo. Four- thousand, three hundred and forty-one point three acres (one square league) of land was granted to Andres Ybarra in 1842. T land was eventually sold to a mercantile firm of Mannasse and Schiller during the 1850's. The adobes on the property were us as a store and a stage station for a number of years. In 1880 James Currier bought the property and sold it to Frank and Warr Kimball who were developing National City. Portions of the ran were sold to the "Colony Olivenhain" in 1885 for Olive producti Among those settlers was Paul Wiegand, a name still associated with the Olivenhain area (Rush 1965). In 1902, John Fox purchased the La Costa Far South area in- cluding both adobe buildings and it became the Lux home until 1916. The Lux Land Company, formed in 1910, managed 2,300 acre in this area. In 1955, they sold the land to E. C. Rutherford, Dr. Roger Revelle, and Jack Benson. La Costa Land Company pur- chased this tract of land in the 1960's. The two adobes situated on this property belong to the Mexi can Era of La Costa History. 1 17 Andres Ybarra built the Encinitas Ranch House in 1842. Du ing the 1860's, it was used as a store and a stage stop. A la barti WAB aon.etrucked and the ranch house was used by the Geele Wright Stage Company. Juan D. Ortega and his family occupied the house in 1900. Near the structure are large clumps of cac tus. These are the remnants of a cactus fence grown, supposec to keep the cattle in and the local Indians out. About two miles northeast of the Encinitas Ranch House, at the junction of Rancho Santa Fe Road and the San Marcos Creek, another adobe was built. Charles Kelly, a long-time resident of San Diego County, recollected that this house was erected i 1868 by three Frenchmen. In later years the Jose Morales and Jose Maria Alvardo families occupied the house at different times. After 1902, Kelly remembered that Mr. Lux bought the property where the Encinitas Ranch House is located and Juan Ortega moved into the other adobe house and homesteaded the land around it. Near the Ortega ad-k structure is a pile of rocks, which some believe are old grav sites. Mexican worker in the area have stated, however, that these rocks had been piled to one side while the land was used for farming. Curren historical evidence suggests that the second explanation for the pile of rocks is true. The memoirs of Charles Kelly faile to mention the existence of grave sites near the house. Herma Wiegand stated that he had no knowledge of graves around the s ture. Additional information from Charles Kelly's recollectio. indicate that the Frenchmen used to work a copper mine in Meadowlark Valley and subsequently constructed their adobe there. Juan Ortega moved into the house after the Frenchmen had left. Kelly states that during his early days around Batiquitos Lagoon, he used to gather "salt in the Batiquitos Lake. . . it was sold or traded to the farmers and to the Indians when they [the Kelly's] had more than they needed at home. . .I' Interestingly, until 1884, San Marcos Creek was known as Batiquitos Creek, A small land owner, Eugene B, Scott changed the name to San Marcos in that year. Based upon historic research, it is highly likely some Ind. ans were still living in the coastal La Costa area until the early 1900's. The famous Dear-Morales murder of the early 1901 in Questhaven bears witness to Indian-European problems as latt as the turn of the century (Perkins 1976). Herman Weigand re- counts that when he was a boy, he remembers several Indians we1 hung on a large oak tree near the Ponderosa Homes area of the La Costa property for cattle rustling (Weigand 1974). While this section is meant to be an overview of the pre- history and history of the La Costa area, it is by no means complete. Much of the historic information was gleaned from 18 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I the recollections of Charles Kelly, archived in the Serra Museum, personal interviews with Herman Wiegand, research by Philip S. Rush and from various published and unpublished his- tories of San Diego County. 19 1 I I 1 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I 20 I E. BIOLOGICAL COWUNITY OF THE LA COSTA AREA 1. Flora. Most of the La Costa area is characterized by a well-developed coastal sage scrub and chaparral community although southern oak woodlands can be found along the northern portion of San Marcos Creek as it enters La Costa property, and along the unnamed creek near the Encinitas Ranch House. The vegetation has undoubtedly been altered during the past two hundred years of European land use. fire burned the northeastern portion of the property altering the vegetative community substantially. The following plant species list is derived from a series oJ surveys conducted by RECON staff members within La Costa and at Batiquitos Lagoon and the adjacent Green Valley. It is felt thz this list includes the majority of all shrub and tree species native to the area and a number of the annual and perennial spe- cies. Assuming no significant qualitative change in the vegeta- tive communities over the last one to five thousand years, this list would represent the resources available to the Native mer- icans who inhabited this region. The latter conclusion is sup- ported to a certain extent by recent palynological studies. Acalypha californica Copper Leaf Adenostoma fasciculatum C hami s e Adolphia californica California Adolphia Anemopsiscalifornica Yerba Santa Arctostaphylos qlandulosa Manzanita Artemisia californica Coastal Sage Brush A. douglasiana Mugwor t Zster sp. Baccharis emoryi Chaparral Broom B. glutinosa Mule Fat E. pilularis var. consan- guinea Coyote Brush B. sarothroides Chaparral Broom Berberis pinnata ssp. pinnata California Barberry Bloomeria crocea var. crocea Golden Stars Calochortus sp. Fare-Well-To-Spring Castilleja sp. Indian Paint Brush Ceanothus oliganthus Wild Lilac C. verrucosus Coast White Lilac Centaurium venustum Canchalagua Chorizanthe sp. Turkish Rugging Chlorogalum sp. Soap-plant Cirsium occidentale Western Thistle Clematis sp. C lema t i s Cneoridium dumosum Spice Bush Convolvulus arvensis Bindweed As recently as 1970, a bru! I Aster - Cordylanthus filifolius Thread-Leaved Bird's Be Cryptantha sp. Forget-me-not Cucurbita foetidissima Spanish Gourd Cuscuta sp. Dodder Datura meteloides Jimson Weed Dendromecon rigida Bush Poppy Dichelostemma pulchella Wild Hyacinth Dodecatheon clevelandii Shooting Star Dudleya edulis Lady Fingers 5. pulverulenta Chalk Lettuce Encelia californica Common Encelia Eremocarpus setigerus D ovewe ed Eriodictyon crassifolium Yerba Santa Eriogonum elongatum Long-stemmed Buckwheat E. iasciculatum Flat-topped Buckwheat Eriophyllum confertiflorum Golden Yarrow Euphorbia sp. Spurge Galium sp. Bedstraw Gnaphalium sp. Cudweed Haplopappus venetus Isocoma Helianthemum scoparium Rockrose Heliotropium curassavicum Hemizonia fasciculata Tarweed Heterotheca grandiflora Telegraph Weed Heteromeles arbutifolia Toyon Isomeris aborea var. arborea Bladderpod Juncus acutus var. sphaero- carpus Spiny Rush Keckiella antirrhinoides Bush Penstemon Lonicera subspicata Wild Honeysuckle Lotus scoparius Deerweed Lupinus sp. Lupine Malacothamnus fasciculatus Bush Mallow Mammalaria dioica Fish Marah macrocarpa Wild Cucumber Mimulus puniceus Red-bush Monkeyflower Mirabilis calikornica var. Montia perfoliata Miner' s Lettuce Oenanthe sarmentosa Wild Celery Opuntia littoralis Coast Prickly Pear 0. prolifera Coast Cholla Fellaea andromedaefolia Coffee Fern Phacelia sp. Phace 1 ia Pityrogramma triangularis D. lance= Live - for - ever var. oculatum Wild Heliotrope californica Wishbone Bush Perezia microcephala Purple-head var. viscosa S ilverback 21 1 1 : 1 I 1 I 1 1 I 1 I I 1 I I 1 I I I Plantanus racemosa Western Sycamore Polypodium californicum Polypody Populus fremontii Cottonwood Quercus agrifolia California Live Oak Q. dumosa Scrub Oak a. - engelmannii Rhamnus crocea Redberry Rhus integrifolia Lemonadeberry R, laurina Laurel-leaved Sumac Ribes amarum Gooseberry R. speciosum Fuchsia-flowered Goose- Rosa californica California Wild Rose Rumex sp. Dock Salicornia virginica Pickleweed Salix exigua Slender Willow S. laevigata var. laevigata Red Willow S. lasiolepis Arroyo Willow Salvia clevelaridii Cleveland Sage S. mellifera Black Sage Sambucus mexicana Elderberry Scirpus sp. Bulrush Scropularia californica var. floribunda Figwort Sidalcea malvaef lora Wild Hollyhock Sisyrinchium bellum Blue-eyed Grass Solanum xantii Purple Nightshade Toxicodendron diversiloba Poison Oak Typha latifolia Tall Cattail Urtica holosericea Stinging Nettle Venegasia carpesioides Jesuit Flower Xylococcus bicolor Mission Manzanita Yucca schidigera Y. whipplei Our Lord's Candle 2. Faunal Resources. The fauna presently found on Mesa Blue Oak -- - - berry - - --- - -- Spanish Bayonet - the site is typical of the fauna found in rural, scrub-vegetated coastal San Diego County. Many native species have been extri- pated or greatly reduced in numbers. The proximity to the per- manent water supplies at Agua Hedionda Lagoon and Agua Hedionda Creek indicates a once favorable wildlife habitat. It is quite possible that various game birds were once found commonly along Agua Hedionda Lagoon. Migratory geese such as Black Brant and Snow Geese, were once much more common in the county than now, as were several species of migratory duck. Several resident ducks, including Fulvous Tree Duck, Mal- lard, Cinnamon Teal, and Ruddy Duck, still nest along fresh water in the county, but not in the same number as previously. 22 California Quail and Mourning Dove still occur on the property, and if there were oak groves in the area previously, Band-tailec Pigeons may once have resided near the site. In addition to these game species, a number of passerine and other types of birds are presently, and were previously, found in this region of the county. Mammal species presently or previously found at the subject site are listed below. THIS LIST SHOULD BE CONSIDERED PRIMARILY AS A REPRESENTATION OF PREVIOUS CONDITIONS AND NOT AS BEING AN INDICATION OF SPECIES ACTUALLY FOUND THERE TODAY. Urbanization has drive most mammals from the area. Species marked with a single asterisk are known to be presently found at the site. Species marked with a double asterisk are, or may soon be, extripated from the area (Coastal San Diego County). Species not marked are anticipated but not confirmed in the are? of the project site. Southern Mule Deer Odocoileus heionus **Pronghorn Antelope **Bighorn Sheep (now Ovis canadensis limited to desert mountains) Anti lo c ap r a mer ic an a **Grizzly Bear Ursus horribilis **Mountain Lion (no longer Felix concolor *Coyote Canis latrans found in coastal areas) Grey Fox Urocyon cineroargenteus Bobcat Lynx rufus Raccoon Procyon lotor Badger Taxidea taxus Spotted Skunk Spilogale putorius Striped Skunk Mephitis mephitis "California Ground Squirrel Spermophilus beecheyi *Valley Pocket Gopher Thomomys bottae "Various other small ro- dents of several genera Woodrat Neotoma sp. tricted to isolated streams in the mountains) **Beaver (presently res- Cas tor canadens is *Blacktail Jackrabbit Lepus californicus "Cottontail Sylviliqus spp. The above-listed animals species may have provided potential resource for exploitation by San Diego County aborigir populations. It is highly probable that nearly all available species were utilized as food and implement resources. 23 I Although definition of past flora and fauna is at best us valuable insights as to the environment with which aboriginal peoples of San Diego County had to interrelate, a tenuous process, examination of present communities can give I I I I I I 1 1 I 1 I I I I 1 I 1 Charles Kelly recalls that 'I.. .in 1873, two lions were killed in Green Valley" (Kelly N.D.) . The mountain lions were evidently killing sheep which were at that time grazing in the Green Valley area. During the survey of the La Costa North area, two Mule Deer were encountered in the extreme northwest portion of the project site. 3. Ethnobotany. In the absence of other published data, the major source of ethnobotanical data is a manuscript by Hedges (1967). This document contains information on the Northe Diegueno which was collected at Santa Ysabel in the San Diego Mountains. For Southern California in general, the most compre- ethnobotanical study of the Cahuilla by Bean and Saubel (1972). Ethnobotanical information is also contained in Sparkman (1908) for the Luiseno, and in Spier (1923), Lee (19371, and Cuero (1968) for the Kumeyaay, and scattered references are found in other sources. Where information for a single plant exists for more than one group, it nearly always is the case that uses are very similar. The five cultures occupying San Diego County west of the mountains all utilized similar arrays of plant species, and the uses correspond on many points. For this report, the above sources have been utilized to present a com- posite picture of aboriginal uses which have been recorded for the plant species which presently occur on the project site. hensive ethnobotany for any group is Temalpakh, the thorough The Coast Live Oak which are sporadically found throughout the area are relics of a once more extensive popula- tion. It provided acorns, the staple food crop of the historic prepared in a highly specialized process involving shelling, grinding, and leaching to remove the bitter tannic acid content of the acorn. The leached meal was prepared for eating by boiling to make mush or by baking for bread. Acorns were ga- thered in the fall, and stored in large storage baskets for use throughout the year (Hedges 1967:4-8; Bean and Saubel 1972: 121-129; Sparkman 1908:194; Spier 1923:334-335; Lee 1937~241; Cuero 1968:30-31). Although acorns have less protein and car- bohydrate content than grains such as wheat, they are high in fat content and superior to most grains in total caloric value (Bean and Saubel 1972:125-126). Acorns provided as much as 50 percent of the total Luiseno diet (White 1953:121). aboriginal cultures of western San Diego County. Acorns were I 24 Acorns of the Scrub Oak and small and difficult to grind. They were not normally utilized, but did provide an emergency food source if the regular acorn crop failed (Hedges 1967:4; Bean and Saubel 1972:23; Sparkman 1908:193-194; Lee 1937:144,241). The fruit of the Elderberry and Prickly Pear were eaten fresh or dried for later use (Hedges 1967:24,44; Bean and Saubel 1972:97,138; Sparkman 1908:195; Lee 1937:138-142, 155-156,241,243) . Manzanita and Holly-leaved Cherry are chart terized by fruits having very thin pulp over a large seed; these were eaten fresh and the seed was ground for use as fooc (Hedges 1967:34; Bean and Saubel 1972:41,120; Sparkman 1908: 194,230). Manzanita berries could be dried for future use (Bean and Saubel 1972:41), and the pulp alone was sometimes ground for food (Sparkman 1908:203). Toyon berries were eater raw or were parched first and then eaten (Bean and Saubel 197; 77; Sparkman 1908:194). The fleshy fruit of the Spanish Dagge was sometimes eaten raw, but usually was roasted in hot coals before eating (Bean and Saubel 1972:151; Sparkman 1908:196). Seeds of the Prickly Pear and Spanish Dagger were also processed separately for food (Sparkman 1908:230; Spier 1923:336, Lee 1937:241). Both White and Black Sage seeds were ground to make into mush, and were used with other foods, suck as acorns, as condiments; pulverized dried White Sage leaves b sometimes used in the same way (Hedges 1967:31; Bean and Saubc 1972:136-138; Sparkman 1908:229; Spier 1923:335; Lee 1937:63, 126,243). Seeds of the Cane Tea were also ground and made int mush (Bean and Saubel 1972:70). Various greens were available. The young leaves and shoots of the White Sage were eaten raw (Hedges 1967~31; Sparkman 1908:196; Lee 1937:126,243), Prickly Pear pads were cleaned of their spines and cooked as a green vegetables (Hedc 1967:24;1Bean and Saubel 1972:97; Spier 1923:336), and the blossoms of the Spanish Dagger were parboiled for food (Spark- man 1908:195). Three types of beverage plants were recorded. Man- zanita pulp, or the whole fruits, were soaked in water to make a refreshing beverage (Bean and Saubel 1972:40-41; Cuero 1968: 31). Lemonade berries were added to water to make an acidic drink which gives the plant its name (Bean and Saubel 1972:132 Cane tea was boiled to make a tea which was drunk as a beverag and general health tonic purposes (Hedges 1967:19; Bean and Saubel 1972 : 70) . 25 1 The Southern California Indians had numerous medicina: uses for a variety of native plants. Medicinal plants were widely available and it is not likely that their presence pro- vided a major reason for utilization of a site. The following account is not complete and is intended to be only a summary of more important and common species. 1 I i 1 1 I I 1 I 1 I I 4 1 1 Colds, flu, and respiratory ailments were treated with a tea made from Elderberry blossoms (Bean and Saubel 1972: 138), the leaves of White Sage (Hedges 1967:31) , or the bark of Holly-leaved Cherry (Bean and Saubel 1972:120). Leaves of both White Sage and California Sagebrush were eaten or smokec to cure colds, and the leaves of White Sage were used in the steam of a sweathouse for the same purpose (Bean and Saubel 1972:42,136). Fever was treated with a tea made from Elder- berry blossoms (Hedges 1967:44: Bean and Saubel 1972:138; Lee 1937:214,243). Stomach disorders 2iid diarrhea were treated with tea made from Buckwheat leaves or flower (Bean and Saubel 1972:72), from Elderberry blossoms (Hedg-es 1967:25; Bean and Saubel 1972: 138), or from Manzanita leaves (Bean and Saubel 1972:41). An emetic was prepared from Ragweed (Sparkman 1908:228), and laxa- tives were made by boiling Coffeeberry fruit or bark (Hedges 1967:41-42; Bean and Saubel 1972:131), Elderberry roots (Bean and Saubel 1972:138), Buckwheat leaves (Bean and Saubel 1972: 72), Wild Cucumber root (Sparkman 1908:229), or Scrub Oak galls (Bean and Saubel 1972:129). Cane Tea was drunk as a general health tonic, and was said to be good for the stomach and kidney and to clear the system and improve the appetite (Hedges 1967:19 Bean and Saubel 1972:70). In historic times, Cane Tea was used as a treatment for venereal disease (Bean and Saubel 1972: 70). Tea brewed from Manzanita leaves was also said to be good for the kidneys (Hedges 1967:26). Eyewash was made by boiling Buckwheat flowers or crushed galls from the Scrub Oak (Hedges 1967:38; Bean and Saube 1972:72,192), and eyes were cleaned by placing a single White Sage seed in the eye and moving it around to collect specks of dirt (Bean and Saubel 1972:136). Hair wash was made by boiling White Sage (Bean and Saubel 1972:136), Mistletoe (Hedges 1967: 431, or Ragweed (Hedges 1967:46) . Antiseptic washes were made by soaking oak bark or oak ashes in water (Bean and Saubel 1972:129) , boiling oak bark (Hedges 1967~38)~ or boiling the leaves of Chamise (Bean and Saubel 1972:30), and using liquid to bathe the affected area. Sprains, strained muscles, cuts and headaches were treate with poultices made of boiled Cottonwood leaves (Hedges 1967:39; Bean and Saubel 1972:106). Galls from the Scrub Oak were used to doctor sores and wounds (Sparkman 1908:233) a I I 26 1 Immunity from Poison Oak was said to he acquired by drinking small quantities of tea 1~~’.35:i~i from the roots of the plant (Bean and Saubel 1972:132) o Oak, tea made from White Sage leaves was drunk (Hedges 1967: 31), or the feeberry bark boiled in salted water (Hedges P967:42). Poison Oak rash also was treated with a tea made from Manzanita leave, (Bean and Saubel 1972:41). To cure a case of Poiso: affected area was bathed with a solution of Cof- Menstrual disorders were prevented or cured by drink, ing tea prepared from California Sagebrush (Bean and Saubel 1972:42) or Elderberry blossoms (Sparlei-an 1908:229) o Durj-ng pregnancy, women prepared a solution fcr bathing by boiling Laurel Sumac leaves in water and drack sumac leaf tea (Cuero 1968:44). After pregnancy, a tea maGe from Buckwheat leaves was drunk to cause the uterus to shrink back into position (Bean and Saubel 1972:62). Newborn babies were bathed in solu tions of Willow bark or E”-derberry SZossoms boiled in water (Cuero 1968:44), and were given a tea made of Sagebrush leaves to flush out their systems (Bean and Saubel 1972:42). Elder- berry blossom tea was also considered beneficial to newborn infants (Bean and Saubel 1972:138) e White Sage was an important plant for fumigation and purification purposes. A house in which there has been sick- ness was fumigated and purified by burning sage leaves in hot coals (Hedges 1967:31). After a death, individuals associated with the dead person were purified in sage leaf smoke (Cuero 1968:59). going on a hunt--by applying crushed White Sage leaves to the body (Bean and Saubel 1962:136). If hunting weapons had been contaminated by the close presence of a menstruating woman, they were purified by passing them through smoke from burning White Sage leaves (Bean and Saubel 1972~136)~ or by steaming them over boiling sage leaves (Lee 1937:127,243), Llniseno hunters stood in the smoke of a fire of White Sage and Cali- fornia Sagebrush to purify themselves and help ensure success in the hunt (Sparkman 1908:199). The typical house of the Southern California coastal Indian was a circular, dome-shaped structure of branches thatc with brush, and usually built over a shallow pit. Willow al- most certainly was used in house construction, but is curiousl absent from the published descriptions. Of the plants found in the vicinity of the project area, long branches of young os Manzanita and Chamise are mentioned for house frames (Lee 1973 59; Bean and Saubel 1972:29-30,41), and Giant Rye Grass, Deer Weed, and Chamise are noted as thatching materials (Bean and Saubel 1972:69,87; Spier 1923:338). Fiber from the Spanish Dagger was preferred for lashing and tying because of its Bodily odors were eliminated--especially by men 27 i 1 I U 1 I I 1 1 I t I I I I I I 1 1 strength and resistance to rotting (Bean and Saubel 1972:152; Spier 1923:338; Lee 1937:58-68; and Cuero 1968:25,31). The major basketry materials of Southern California-( Bunch Grass (Muhlenbergia rigens), Juncus (Juncus textilis), and Basket Weed (Rhus trilobatal--are absent from the site. Acorn storage granaries, a specialized type of basket made of branches with the leaves left on, were made of willow, Scrub Oak, Coffeeberry, and Chamise (Hedges 1967:13,38,40; Bean and Saubel 1972:135; Sparkman 1908:210; Spier 1923:347; Lee 1937: filled in with grass and brush; which was lashed with Spanish Dagger fiber (Spier 1923:347-348). Elderberry provided two types of dye used'in coiled basketry, a yellow dye from the stems and a black dye from the fruit (Bean and Saubel 1972:138 Women's skirts were made from willow bark (Lee 1937: 133,146) or Cottonwood bark (Sparkman 1908:223). Men sometime wore an apron-like garment of suspended sage twigs (Spier 1923 340). Sandals were woven fram bundles of Spanish Dagger fiber (Hedges 1967:46). Spanish Dagger provided fiber €or a wide range of items, including nets, bags, brushes, cordage, and bowstrings (Bean and Saubel 1972:152). As noted above, it was an important material in house construction. 79-81). A second type of granary consisted of a framework Wood had various uses. Mortars were made of oak (Bean and Saubel 1972:129) or Cottonwood (Bean and Saubel 1972 106). Small implements such as awl handles and mush paddles were made of oak and Manzanita (Hedges 1967~10; Bean and Saube 1972:41; Spier 1923:348), and large thatching needles used in house construction were made of willow (Lee 1937~60)~ Cradle- board frames were made of willow or Scrub Oak (Bean and Saubel 1972:135; Hedges 1967:38). Elderberry stems with the pith hollowed out were used to make flutes and whistles (Bean and Saubel 1972:138; Sparkman 1908:21l) e Oak was considered the ideal firewood (Bean and Saubl 1972:130), and oak bark was the preferred fuel for firing pot- tery (Hedges 1967:38). Large Chamise roots were used as fire- wood for roasting, and Chamise branches were bundled together to make torches (Bean and Saubel 1972~30). Because it burned hot and produced long-lasting coals, Manzanita wood was a fa- vorite fuel (Bean and Saubel 1972:41), and Manzanita roots werl used for indoor fires as they produced little smoke (Spier i92 339). Several plants were used as soap, but the preferred soap was the large root of the Spanish Dagger which was scrape and grated and lathered into the material to be washed (Bean and Saubel 1972:15-152). 28 Some of the important ceremonial plants of the Southern California Indians--Tolaches (Datura meteloides), Coyote Tobacco (Nicotiana attenuate), Nettle (Urtica holo- sericea) and Wild Gourd (Cucurbita foetidissima) are not pre- sently found on the project site. uses--White Sage--does occur at the site. Among the Southern California Indians, adolescent girls, as part of their pubert ceremony, were placed in shallow warmed pits in the sand and covered over for a period of enforced inactivity. Among the Northern Diegueno, two of the plants used to line the pit wer White Sage and Ragweed, and the girls wore garlands of Ragwee on their heads (Waterman 1910:286-337). As part of the Luise puberty ceremonies, lumps of ground White Sage seed and salt were given to the boys, who were required to spit them into a pit in the center of the sand. painting (Sparkman 1908:222). It is likely that the lumps of "sage-seed and salt" recorded for Luiseno boys' and girls' ceremonies (DuBois 1908:83,96) and for the Northern Diegueno boys' ceremony (Waterman 1910:3 were also White Sage. Other plants with ceremonial associati of a less direct nature include Elderberry stems, which were hollowed out for use in smoking tobacco (Spier 1923:315), and Wild Cucumber seeds, an ingredient in the paint used for maki rock paintings (Sparkman 1908:210). Tattooing was done with a bundle of Prickly Pear thorns (Spier 1923:342), and the de- sign was made permanent by rubbing charcoal from burnt willow Chamise or Cottonwood into the wounds (Spier 1927:342). One plant with ceremonial While it is not likely that the presence of any sin plant resource provided a major reason for the existence of an archaeological site locality, the availability of a wide would have been a major factor in selection of an occupation location. The existence of specific plant resources would ha provided the stimulus for the establishment of processing sit in proximity to the resource, but with the absence of a perma water supply on the subject property, it appears that the arc logical resources present represent temporary processing site and not permanent campsites. range of plants for food, medicine, and manufactured objects 29 I 1 1 I I I 1 1 1 1 1 I I I I 1 I 1 1 F. GEOLOGY OF THE LA COSTA PROPERTIES The geology of La Costa consists of four basic units. Thesi include Quaternary alluvium (Qal), Pleistocene Sediments (Qt), Tertiary Sandstone (Tes), and Santiago Peak Metavolcanics. The distribution of archaeological sites closely corresponds to the distribution of the above geological units throughout the La Costa property (Figure 4; Table 2). These geological units are defined under the following 1. Quaternary Alluvium. The Quaternary alluvium consists of poorly consolidated, locally derived sediment deposited in the floodplains of San Marcos Creek, Kelly Valley, the unnamed creek which bypasses the Encinitas Ranch House and Encinitas Creek. Slope wash over this unit makes its extent difficult to define; however, it is likely to constitute only a thin veneer where it is exposed. The Quaternary deposits (alluvium) follow modern drainage paths in the northeast, northwest, and west- central portions of the property. ' classifications. Archaeological sites which are, or at one time were lo- cated within this geological unit are: a. SDM-W-149, situated in Kelly Valley (La Costa North This site bears affinities with San Dieguito, La Costa, and the late prehistoric cultural complexes b. SDi-701, SDi-702, SDi-703 and SDi-704, located in the San Marcos Creek drainage. Many of these sites are presently protected by the La Costa Golf Course Others have been destroyed as a result of construc- tion-related activities. All of these sites repre- sent aboriginal use by La Jolla and Late Prehistori groups. C. SDM-W-947, SDM-941 and SDM-W-48 are all situated a3 the unnamed creek which drains into Encinitas Cree) Subsurface investigation reveals that these sites were occupied by the La Jolla and Late Prehistoric peoples. 2. Pleistocene Sediments. The Pleistocene terrace materi; is a conglomeratic gravel and sandstone which occurs on isolate erosional remnants. Oxidized iron in the sediments gives the unit a characteristic red color. The conglomerate portion of '1 unit consists primarily of purple diorite porphyry, dirty-gray quartzite, and locally derived metavolcanic pebbles and cobble! 30 . This rock probably represents gravels deposited on & marine terrace cut i:ito the tertiary sediments during a Pleistocene transgression of the sea. Two erosional remnants of the Pleis tocene terrace material are present along the east side of El Camino Real, and east of the intersection of La Costa Avenue a Rancho Santa Fe Road. Four sites are recorded along the easte peripheries of El Camino Road, all of which appear to be surfa in nature. These include SDM-W-962, a scatter of patinated fl and scrapers, SDM-W-963, a deflated hearth or roasting pit, W-965, a flaking station, and SDM-W-914, a very concentrated a eroded site containing many highly patinated scrapers, flakes, and blades imbedded in the gravel matrix. Site SDM-W-181 was recorded by Malcolm Rogers of the S Diego Museum of Man as having been situated at the intersectio of La Costa Avenue and Rancho Santa Fe Road. Only a few remna of this site remain today as evidenced by several isolated fla and core tools which are scattered throughout the exposed grav surf ace. Based upon typological comparisons, the sites along EP Camino Real appear to be San Dieguito in tool morphology. Tho sites without artifacts (hearths) are culturally non-diagnosti Site W-181 may have contained remains of all three locally kno archaeological cultures, but due to recent land alteration act vities, this cannot be verified, 3. Tertiary Sediments. The Tertiary sediments consist pr marily of silty claystone and clayey to silty sandstone, with local concentrations of pebble-size material. The sandstones are usually light buff to tan, and the mudstones are a grayish green. These rocks are generally quite friable and individual grains are held together by the relatively high clay content o the rock. Locally, thin beds are strongly indurated by a ealc eous cement. The Tertiary sediments were deposited over a hig relief topography of the underlying Santiago Peak Metavolcanic These sediments underlie the entire southwest and west portion of the La Costa property. In addition, these soft sedimentary rocks are present in the northeastern portion of the site. It is upon this geoloq-icaliunit that the majority of t archaeological sites are, or were situated. These sites inclu SDM-W-109, SDM-W-173, SDM-W-110, SDM-W-147, SDM-W-190, SDM-W-5 SDM-W-187, SDM-181A, SDM-W-179, SDM-PI-106, SDM-W-940, SDM-W-94 SDM-W-942, SDM-W-945, SDM-W-944, SDM-W-947, SDM-W-948, SDM-W-1 SDM-W-920, SDM-W-921, SDM-W-919, SDM-W-918, SDM-W-922, SDM-W-9 SDM-W-981, SDM-W-982, SDM-W-915 and SDM-W-659. 31 1 I LEGEND QT Terrace deposits and dissected alluvium sand and gravel of Pleistocene age. Consisting primarily of marine and non-marine, QaL Alluvium Deposits River, stream and valley fill composed of salt, sand, gravel and minor portions of cobbles and boulders of recent age. A//// A//// KgR Granitic Rocks ///// Containing quartz diorite (tonalite) with minor granodiorite and granite of Cretaceous age. m m m ............. *....:. .............. :. :.:.I.:.: ...... .... :.:.:.. . JmV Metavolcanic Rocks ................ .................. .......... :... ........... .......... Ranging from rhyolite to andesite with minor portion of tuff layers and minor metasedimentary layers. The metavolcanics in the La Costa area are Santiago Peak Volcanics, possibly Pre- Cretaceous age. Tes Sandstone, Undivided Unnamed geological units of sandstone within the La Costa Land Company's boundarys of Eocene Age. Description of geological units taken from Weber (1958-1959). 33 t These sites, of course, encompass the total time SF I I I 1 I 1 1 1 I I I I 1 1 1 I I 34 I trum from early Paleo-Indian times in San Diego County to the American Era. Many of these sites have been disturbed by land alteration activities, others are still much as they were when aboriginal occupation occurred in the La Costa area. 4. Santiago Peak Metavolcanics. The Jurassic San- tiago Peak Metavolcanics are primarily fine-grained extrusive and intrusive igneous rocks, dirty-gray-green to dark-gray in color and generally of andesitic composition. Locally, these rocks are more coarsely crystalline, as in the northeast cor- ner of the property. Because of the extreme hardness of the Black Mountain rocks in their unfractured or unweathered state, they lack fine conchoidal properties necessary for refined stor tool work . Santiago Peak Metavolcanics volcanics underlie the high ground in the central and eastern portions of the properti Except for the northeast portion of the site, virtually all the hills on the property with elevations above 250 feet are underlain by these rocks. The steep-walled San Marcos Canyon has been cut in these volcanic rocks. Where San Marcos Creek passes from sedimentary rocks into the much harder volcanic rocks, the slope of the canyon walls increases dramatically. It is from these rocks that many of the finely-worked stone tools present on the archaeological sites of La Costa were manufactured. Only two sites on the La Costa property can presently be located in this soil unit. Site SDM-W-917 (the Rancheros Road Site) is a quarry located north of the deep gorge of San Marcos Creek. Site SDM-W-943 is a flake scatter situated east of the Encinitas Ranch House. Neither of the sites were habitational in nature, but were used for the pro- duction of artifacts. SDM-W-917 being a quarry site where the raw materials for tool manufacture were obtained, and SDM- W-943, a place where flakes were struck from cores. W-191 (long destroyed) seems to have been a quarry site. Site SDM- The present Santiago Peak Metavolcanics geological unit, then, can be utilized in employing a bzsic criteria for the absence of archaeological site sensitivity. In the areas of La Costa where this geological unit occurs, it can be ex- pected that only a few archaeological sites will be located. This potential for archaeological sensitivity can be modified by the presence/absence of proximal water sources, the coverage of dense vegetation, or ground slope. In much of the area occupied by this unit, the ground slope is greater than 15 per- cent, thereby negating suitable places for aboriginal inhabi- tation. m a, .v -d Kn a, $ I+ rd -d u a, I>( Kn a rz, LJ k ld 0 5 0- k 4J n U -3- v1 A -- m-h a G -DO G G-rl -a,+l.GC kkUO 4J -rl 4 a, arl k+J@ a, a, h4.G ldld4J 075ald (d 34J rl ()!Ti Fr -4 orla mm m b om m brl WDV, m u) bd v rlrn mm u3 cn mQ\ cn mrl kX a GkArdh$ x4J ldG (II WOW$ v - CnQ v v v- 0 XFr YV 55 5 & && s &:: E E 2 3 2 G m a, 4J -rl rn db tn 0 a, U a a -4 PC z 0 tn [I] a, c, w B H -rl m cn - a,W A :* $2 WB cucIl !-I- E-l 3 WH vlrl I42 a93 b w mm u 40 I H 4bB W 0 -I 0 b -rl z I4 k inns 0 a, -l-itncnw w an I Kn--B z z -00 4 W w cnPbrl a, wllw 4~ rl-rl-rim -I4 IQQl i3 w ul Smmk a me g E PI H 3: tn E.c 4 H 43 4 ? Cd 4 rl ah urd -A d Dk oa, d4J ord a7 C" 0 3 i3 3 2 Dd 0 W 0 cv - n m m U v m Ob a2 bW rl rnbd mm m wr(m mmd s &&& & & s:: :5BBBBBB==3 NLnrl cnbbwmmoycn m Ill 11111111lrY && P 0 W m4-Y cv cn om rl rlcob*-Ycorl~rl cn rlmrlcncnrlm~m rl 1111111~I L.44.5P-4. mw rnorlomcorl*mb b ad PcncowWwmmWw rl cnm rlrlrlcncncncn~cncn cn I Ill II I II I B8zB3l3:5=5 L 4 -4 L 4 4 4.4 b *L. . wwco o*oo**m WLn w marl rlrlrlrlcnmcnn cn I 5 BSS sssksss~s:k m 4J C -rl (II 4J d rn u m -4 Xd *d a rd(d a, a, au d Kn pirl a, 0 u h 03 0 k ma 4J rd a4 m -rl -rl a, -rl 4J 4Jz a, k d rl a, (d pi E Kn 2 2 g Kn I G ARCHAEOLOGICAL SURVEY 1 1 I I I 1 I 1 1 I 1 I I I 1 I 1 I 1. Description. An on-foot archaeological survey of La Costa North, comprising 900 acres in the northeast portion of Rancho La Costa, and of the remaining 2,600 acres of land in the eastern and southern portions of La Costa was conducted during October and November 1975 and January 1976. Prior to field work, existing archaeological records at the San Diego Museum of Man, and San Diego State University were studied, Additionally, published articles by Crabtree, Warren, and True (1963), Warren (1966; 1967; 1968) and Warren, True and Eudey (1961) were examined. All previously recorded sites were field checked and re-recorded prior to commencement of the survey. This was undertaken to: 1) verify kh-e presence/ absence of the sites, 2) clarify the exact location of the site, 3) make a determination as to the cultural affiliation of the site, and 4) to familiarize myself to the geography of the subject property (Figure 4) e Based upon previous surveys, it was believed that the most dense concentrations of sites was expected closer to the coast and on terrace tops or near sources of water. The earlier sites were postulated to lie at a greater distance from current sources of potable water than the Late Prehis- toric sites. Shell middens were believed to be situated on small knolls and terraces within one mile of Batiquitos La- goon. Another basic hypothesis was also that although Rog- ers identified a late prehistoric component at many of the sites within the subject property, pottery would be notably absent from most of those sites today as a result of agricul- tural activities. All of the La Costa property was traversed on foot by teams of four archaeologists walking approximately 25 feet apart. Except in areas of impenetrable brush, such as near the San Marcos Treatment Plant, and obviously along San Mar- cos Creek gorge, all of the 3,500 acres were thoroughly sur- veyed. Approximately 200 manhours were expended during the survey. Following the survey, follow-up research was con- ducted at the Serra Museum Research Library, the California Room at the San Diego Library, the San Diego Museum of Man, and discussions were coordinated with Nancy Leonard Farrell and James R. Moriarty, 111, and Claude N. Warren regarding the La Costa area. 2. Results of the Archaeological Survey. Forty-one site were identified as a result of the two surveys. Several sites have been recorded previously by the San Diego Museum of Man, and the University of California at Los Anyeles Archaeological Survey. The majority of the sites, however, had not been inst tutionally recorded. 36 I I 1 I 1 1 I 1 I i I 1 1 I I I I I 1 . I 3. Site Descriptions - La Costa North. Twenty-nine archaeological sites were discovered during the archaeological survey of the La Costa North properties, Seven of these sites had been previously recorded with the San Diego Museum of Man, one site (SDM-W-173) has been oblit- erated as the result of land borrowing operations, and two, W-190A and W-147A, are probably components of larger sites or as the result of recent land-use patterns. The sites are primarily confined to the ridges which dominate the landscape of the La Costa North properties, but W-149 is situated on the floor of Kelly Valley. which are separated from each- ather by topographic features All of the sites encompass a temporal spectrum of approxi- mately 10,000 years. Some of the sites were utilized exclu- sively by members of the La Jolla Complex, while others were undoubtedly occupied by the late prehistoric occupants of the area, either the 'Iipay (formerly Northern Diegueno) as des- cribed by Hedges (1975:71-83) ! or the Luiseno (Phillips 19-75). The absence of diagnostic pottery on the surface of many sites does not indicate that the sites were not occupied by late prehistoric populations, only that intervening American land alteration practices resultant from disc-harrow activities have masked this component of the site. Very careful obser- vation discovers sherds of pottery on most of the midden- rich sites, indicating that the sites are no doubt stratified perhaps from La Jolla times to the late prehistoric period. a. SDM-W-962 (LCN-1) (Figure 6). This site is a lithic workshop consisting of approximately 250 flakes composed of quartzitic materials, rhyolite, and metavolcanics, several core fragments, and two scrapers in an area apprxoimately 120 feet by 120 feet. The site is situated on elevations con- tour approximately 290-300 feet, at the eastern edge of El Camino Real, approximately 500 feet south of the northern boundary of La Costa properties. The site is not diagnostic as to cultural affiliation. The absence of patination on most of the artifacts may indicate a late prehistoric use- area, but as recently discussed by Taylor (1975) patination is area-relative and is by no means diagnostic in itself. b. SDM-W-963 (LCN-2). This site is an aboriginal roast- rocks in an area approximately ten feet N-S and six feet E-W. The site is undisturbed by human agencies, yet has been eroded due to the non-stability of the poorly sorted soil. This roasting pit is located on a south-east sloping knoll approximately 500 feet east of El Camino Real in an erosional ing pit consisting of over 100 thermally-fractured quartzite 30 .iRCt A~OLOGICiT RESOLRCE EATIQLZTOS LAGOOW AREA - 51. 1. SDY-W-914 26. SDi-612 52, 2. SDY-la-172 27. SDi-212 53. 3. bDY-W-109 28. SDi-611 4. SDM-i*1-108 29. SDi-213 5. SDM-W-110 30. SDM-i'-105 55. 6. SDM-:L'-149 31. LD1-701 7. SDH-iy-588 32. SDi-702 8. SD'.l-v?-587 33. SDi-705 9. SDW-I$-589 34. -D1-703 1 swale. As with site one, it is inpossible ko assign a cul affiliation to this site other than to state roasting pits were certainly utilized by all cultures which occupied San Diego County. A remnant stand of Yucca whipplii can be fol approximately 100 feet west and 75 feet northeast of the s. (see Figure 6). I 8 8 1 1 I I 1 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 I I C. W-964 (LCN-3) (Figure 6). This site is located ai mately 550 feet southeast of El Camino Real on a southeast trending slope isolated by a broken erosional swale. The SI is approximately 150 feet in a north-south direction and l! feet in an east-west direction, encompassing approximately square feet. It is highly likely that the topsoil the art. facts were deposited on has been eroded away and the artifL have been secondarily deposited. Approximately 20 highly patinated felsitic flakes (mostly light green in coloratior and 11 convex scrapers are situated within the defined limi of the site. Stylistically, the artifacts appear to be Sar Dieguito I11 (see Warren 1964 and Xaldenberg and Ezell 1974 Several of the artifacts were collected for type site compc son and are presently in the possession of Kaldenberg. Typ logical analysis will be conducted on these artifacts. d. SDM-W-965 (LCN-4). This site i.s a flaking station with cores and flakes in the original position they were de posited in. The site is situated on a small south trending knoll approximately 250 feet east of El Camino Real overloc ing a dissected drainage swale. The coloration of the poor sorted soil is 7.5 YR 5/6, Strong Brown on the Munsell Colo Chart. Within the designated site area, the survey team lo cated one hammerstone, three core fragments, approximately twenty-five flakes (quartzite, andesite, basalt), one felsi debitage, one denticulated scraper, one well-defined circul, elementary hearth containing 27 thermally fractured cobbles, eight pieces of basalt debitage, several isolated cobble fri ments, and 50-60 small quartz flakes in another concentratic approximately 30 feet northeast of the defined site area. Notably absent were shell and ceramics. Based upon the art: fact assemblages, this site is not culturally diagnostic sir flakes, cores, hearths, and debitage can be found in any lit cally-oriented site dating from approximately one million YE ago. Four color photographs and four black and white photo- graphs were taken at this site to facilitate permanent recor ation. e. SDM-W-914 (LCN-5) (Figure 6). This is an extensive 2 situated within a dissected drainage swale approximately 500 feet east of El Camino Real. The site has been designated as the Plastic Soldier site due to the presence of miniature army men, manufactured from plastic, situated throughout the geological dissection. The artifacts located within this si I 40 are numerous, blades and knives to convergent and convex sidescrapers. predominant lithic material is felsite probably originating within the San Dieguito River Valley. While it is not cer- tain that the site can be attributed to the San Dieguito Phast of prehistory, based upon current supposition (Warren 1964 and Kaldenberg and Ezell 1974), the site would have to be dis, tinguished as a San Dieguito I11 tool manufacturing site. The artifacts are scattered over an area approximately 300 feet north-south, and perhaps as much as 800 feet in an east- ern trending area. marine terraces are beautiful examples of blades, knives, flakes, sidescrapers, debitage, and hammerstones. Due to the extreme rarity of sites of this nature, several artifact examples were recovered during the survey and are currently in the possession of Kaldenberg for artifact classification. Although an estimate of number of artifacts is only approxi- mate, based upon surface field observations, approximately that there are approximately 18,000 artifacts which can be expected to be recovered from the surface component of the site alone. No subsurface tests were performed at the site, however, it may be that the site contains an undisturbed sub- surface component. in dating was identified during the surface investigation of the site (see Figure 6). They range from very finely worked bifacial The Eroding from the faces of the dissected 30 artifacts per each square meter can be found. This means No organic material which would assist f. SDM-W-966 (LCN-6) (Figure 6 ). This site is a roast- ing pit consisting of 200-250 thermally fractured rocks. The rocks consist of rhyolite, quartz, quartzite, granite, andesite, and sandstone, materials which are readily availabl within the immediate vicinity of the site. The hearth is confined to an area approximately 15 feet east-west and six feet in a north-south direction. No artifacts of any categoi are associated with this feature. Topographically, the site is situated on an easterly trending ridge, approximately in the saddle, beneath a very old individual sumac. Some of the thermally fractured rocks have begun eroding into the dissected swale to the west. This site is similar in nature to W-963. g. SDM-W-967 (LCN-7) (Figure 6 )e This is another con- centration of thermally fractured rocks and is situated on an elevation contour 250 feet above Mean Sea Level, approxi- mately 200 feet east of LCN-6. three feet east-west and four feet in a north-south orientat. consisting of 42 medium-size quartzitic cobbles. Approximate 40 feet to the south are 25+ pieces of quartzitic aebitage ir bedded in the underlying sandstone conglomeration. A few of The hearth is approximately 41 L I I I 1 1 I I 1 I 1 I 1 1 1 1 I I I I the debitage are non-patinated felsite materials, but these are very rare. Two color slides were taken of this site. The hearth is culturally non-diagnostic, and it may be affili- ated with any of the midden-bearing sites within the immediatc vicinity, h. SDM-W-173 was described by Malcolm Rogers of the San Diego Museum of Man as a San Dieguito 11, I11 (trace), and Yuman I11 site. Rogers felt that the San Dieguito I1 desig- nation was "pure" and of unusual size. A thin veneer of San Dieguito I11 material overlapped on the south probably ori- ably originates also. land camp (village). Blue felsite was used almost exclusively. Tools made up a higher proportion of the artifacts than did flakes and debitage. At the time of the recordation, Rogers noted that the site was between 12 and 18 inches in depth. During the Kaldenberg survey of October 1975, it was noted that in the place of an archaeological site was a very large displacement of soil the result of borrowing activities. An occasional flake of bluish felsite was noted during the survey, but there was absolutely no concentration of aboriginal ma- terials. not currently in existence. The information in the site rec- ords at the Museum of Man must suffice for scientific docu- mentation for perpetuity. There is no indication of when the site was removed, but the vegetation is so dense that it must have been at least five, perhaps ten years ago since the county has been experiencing a drought for the previous 30 years and graphs were taken of the former site. ginating in site SDM-W-lOSI where the Yuman I11 pottery prob- He felt that this was a permanent hiyh- The very large village site described by Rogers is regrowth of this type of vegetation is very slow, No photo- i. SDM-W-109 (Figure- 6 ). According to records acquired from the San Diego Museum of Man, Rogers felt that this site was a San Dieguito 11, La Jolla 11, and Yuman I11 highland winter accretion (village) camp. For the purpose of this report, the site is divided into two discrete units, W-109 and W-109 East. W-109 is off La Costa ownership properties, while W-109 East transcends into the La Costa property. The western portion of the site is approximately 150 feet in north-south orientation and 25 feet in its east-west direction. It has been disrupted by an SDG&E transmitter line, the main Carls- bad sewer, farming activities, and pothunting. Sometime ago, a San Dieguito I11 crescentic was located here during power line installation (Ezell 1972:personal communication). The artifact assemblage includes hammerstones, cores and core fragments, flakes, tools, manos, thermally-fractured rocks, various shell fragments including Chione sp., Pecten, Olivella biplicata, Donax gouldaii, Ostrea lurida, and Mytilus sp. The majority of the shell appeared to be Chione and Pec- ten. It is ?robable that this site represents a backbay 42 . manifestation of the Early Milling complex as it appears in south Coastal Southern California. were taken of this site. The San Diego County Archaeological Society under the direction of Melvin Jay Hatley also mapped the site during the end of October 1975 as a training exercis East of the La Costa ba'rbed wire fence, the site ex- tends to the eastern erosional swale. The primary site locus is concentrated on contour 320 feet above Mean Sea Level. Shellfish remains are scattered throughout this area in con- junction with artifacts and thermally-fractured stone. shell consists of Chione and Pecten although a few fragmented portions of Ostrea lurida were also noted. the site can only be separated from 6il-109 due to present land site must be considered as an entity. Five color photographs were taken of this site on October 10, 1975 and are in the possession of the project archaeologist. j, §DM-W-110 is one of the most impressive shell mid- dens remaining in Coastal Southern California. approximately 1,250 feet in its north-south orientation, and approximately 1,500 feet in its east-west definition. It is situated between 150 and 300 feet above Mean Sea Level on a south trending ridge. site is approximately 43.044 acres of which 26.73 acres is on La Costa properties. this site. He concluded that the San Dieguito IT, 111, La Jolla 111, and Yuman 111 peoples all extensively utilized the site. The site, according to Rogers, was one which manifest permanent occupation. Unfortunately p he was never able to excavate- this site due to its continuous agricultural usage, cal site" (Museum of Man 1974) a The-most recent cultural deposition, the Yuman 111, has been removed by pothunters. A series of photographs The This portion of ownership. During any scientific investigation, the entire The site is The total area encompassed by this Rogers was extremely impressed with although he felt that "this was a very important archaeologi- Three postholes were placed in this site during October 1975 for depth determination. The site has been dis- rupted for the first 12 centimeters, but there is no evidencc of any greater disruption. Gladiolas still speckle the Eand- scape, evidently from the years when flower production domin- ated the economy of the site. Posthole one indicated that the maximum depth of the site in this location was 58 centi- meters (19 inches). Cultural materials included shell, mano fragments, flakes, and one convergent, broken sidescraper. Posthole number two indicated that shell deposition occurred to a depth of 40 centimeters. A rapid change in soi color is noted at this point, when the midden is very charcoz 43 I i I I li 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 I . gray, but the sterile underlying Torrey sandstone is a a'ight pale yellow. One piece of chalcedony debitage was recovered from 40 centimeters of depth indicating contact with the des- ert area of Southern California (see Figure 6). I The third posthole reached a depth of 53 centimeters subsurface. At 17 centimeters, 32 centimeters, and 43 centi- meters below ground surface, thermally-fractured rock was en- countered. The maximum depth the posthole reached was 57 cent meters although sterile soil was encountered at 53 centimeters The soil concentration was determined to be moderate, con- sisting primarily of Chione and Pecten. One thermally-frac- tured cobble, one felsite endscraper and two pieces of debi- tage, two quartzitic flakes, and three cores were recovered from this posthole. All specimens have been collected and are in the possession of Kaldenberg fior additional evaluation. Farrell (1976:16) also examined this site. She con- sidered it to exhibit an extremely high artifact density (1967: and is "undoubtedly [a] village site." Farrell further states that according to local informants, this site has an artifact density similar to that of W-147 (which is described as being extremely high). The midden area of this site does not extend west of El Camino Real, but it is presently within the roadcut which can be easily viewed from the highway itself. Unquestionably, this site is another very impoxtant site which has been somewhat disrupted by agricultural activi- ties but through excavation, and a proper research design, an untold amount of information can be generated. Approximately 11 photographs were taken of this site. Diagnostically, the site appears to be La Jolla, but due to the frequency of twen- tieth century agricultural enterprises, it is possible that the site contains a substantial veneer of late prehistoric material. Eleven potsherds of Tizon Brown Ware were identi- fied during the field phase of the investigation. k. SDM-W-968 (LCN-8)is a liqht shell concentration situated on contour 170-180, approximately 600 feet north of Roston Road, approximately 200 feet northwest of La Costa Nortl- Site 9 (see Figure 5). This site consists of a light concentrE tion of Chione shell in an area approximately 120 feet by 120 feet. No artifacts are associated with the site. 1. SDM-W-969 (LCN-9) (Figure 6 ). This site consists of a very light shell concentration with several potsherds of Tizon Brown Ware present. The site is situated in a small valley at approximately 180 feet above Mean Sea Level. Geo- graphically it is situated approximately 250 feet north of Roston Road adjacent and north of a dirt access road at the base of a north trending ridge. It is not possible to determir I 1 44 I / the maximum extent of the site since no posthole series was conducted, but surface evidence indicates the site extends at least 60 by 60 feet or 3,600 square feet in area. This site is indicative of the local manifestation of the late prehistoric cultures as described by Rogers (1939), Kalden- berg and Ezell (1974), and Hedges (1975). an, SDM-W-970 (LCN-10). This site is situated on an elevation 260 feet above Mean Sea Level approximately 400 feet east of El @amino Real. The site is a well-defined hearth, with underlying ash concentrated in an area approxi- mately three feet by three feet or nine square feet. mately 20 thermally-fractured rock constitute this feature. While the site is non-diagnostic culturally, the presence of ash indicates that the site can be temporally determined by radiocarbon dating. No shell was noted by the survey team. Several photographs were taken for a permanent record of the site o Approxi- n. SDM-W-971 (LCN-11). This site is situated on am easterly trending knoll approximately 1,400 feet east of the eastern boundary of the La Costa North survey area. It can also be determined by being situated approximately 1,150 feet south of the southern line of the Rancho Agua Hedionda Land Grant Boundary. This site consists of an area approxi- mately 600 feet in an easterly direction and 170 feet in a north-south orientation. The site is situated atop a south- west trending knoll. and contains a light scatter of Pecten sp. most of which have been disrupted by agricultural activities. Several (ten plus) flakes in a non-contiguous portion of the site were identified by the surveyors as well as many ther- mally-fractured rocks. No photographs were taken since there is nothing which will photograph in an indicative manner, The site is, of course non-diagnostic. No postholes were excavated at this site due to time constraints imposed by the survey and the absence of any indicative material which would suggest that a posthole series wDuld prove fruitful, No midden is present at the site. 0. SDM-W-972 (LCN-12)(Figure 6 ). This site consists of a light shell scatter (primarily ) approximately 200 feet southwest of the northern portion of Rosten Road on the steep east trending slopes east of the eastern portion of SDM-W-110. The site can be situated on contour elevations 150-170 above Mean Sea Level. The dimensions of the site are approximately 130 feet north-south, and 130 feet in an east-west direction. Several flakes, fourteen mano fragments and one fragment of Tizon Brown Ware were identified at this site. Culturally this site is probably affiliated with W-110 although the ceramics indicate that this area was utilized by late prehistoric peoples. 45 1 . p. SDM-W-973 (LCN-13) (Figuke 6 )a ThPs site is situated immediately south of ~ostsrr Road in the side of a small knoll. The contour elevation of the site ranges from 110-130 feet above Mean Sea Level. The site consists of a very deep shell midden situated on a 30 foot high knoll situated south of §DM-W-149, A power pole is located on top of the knoll in I 1 ! I I 1 I 1 1 I I 1 1 I I I the approximate center of the site. The site is approximate11 150 feet north-south and approximately 100 feet in an east- west direction. Results from one posthole indicates that the site is at the maximum five feet in depth. Artifacts in- clude thermally-fractured rock an$ many flakes. Prior to the completion of Roston Road, it is probable that this site con- nected to SDM-149 immediately to the north. The roadway and perhaps agricultural activities have interrupted the conti- nuity of these sites. photographs were taken of the site. The soil is very dark, q. §DM-W-974 (LCN-14). This site is situated immedi- Four slides and two black and white I clayey sand. ately east of the Roston residence, on the eastern side of Kelly Valley. The site is approximately 180 feet in a north- south direction and 100 feet east-west. Throughout the site flakes, metate fragments, manos, and many undesignated tools can be found. The site also contains a shell veneer of Chionc and Pectens. Due to the absence of ceramics, it is assumed that this site was once the locus for a La Jolla Complex en- campment. During the 1930s, an intermittent creek dissected the southern portion of this site and flowed into San Marcos Creek and eventually emptied into Batiquitos Lagoon. Due to the drop in ground water levels, the creek no longer flows except during periods of excessive precipitation when it car- ries rainfall down its channel into Kelly Valley where it generally ponds in the lowlands, r. SDM-W-975 (LCN-15). This site is a very dense shell concentration situated on an east facing knoll approximately 200 feet east of the furthest boundary of SDM-W-110. The sit( is primarily concentrated on contour elevation 200 although it does transcend to contour 180 at its easternmost terminus. The area of the site is approximately 200 feet east-west and 60 feet north-south (one-quarter acre). Artifacts scattered ments, 45 flakes, three tools, eight manos, and many Chione and Pecten fragments. This site may have been recorded by Rogers as a portion of W-149, but due to current and recent land uses, is topographically distinct. throughout the area include three hamerstones, six core frag. s. SDM-W-976 (LCN-16) (Figure 6 ). This site consists of a light shell scatter approximately 650 feet south of Ros- ton Road and 350 feet northeast of the SDG&E easment on a I 46 I southeast trending slope. The site is really an isolated portion of SDM-W-110, but it is distinguished due to the ab- sence of any midden materials or artifacts. centrated on elevation 80-90 feet above Mean Sea Level. The site is con- t. SDM-W-977 (LCN-17). This site is probably a portion of §DM-W-976 or W-190, but is distinguished by current land use patterns, approximately 400 feet north-south and 600 feet in an east- west trend, Several farm buildings including a barn and farm- hand residences are situated throughout the site. Scattered throughout the orchards and open space area are several frag- ments of Chione, Pecten, and stone tools including manos, flakes, andthermally-fractured rocks. W-977 consists of an area of midden deposition u. SDM-W-978 (LCN-18). This site is situated on the northeast side of W-147 in a dirt road cut approximately two hundred feet south of the SDG&E power line easement. There is no apparent depth of midden. The s,te is probably 100 feet in a north and south direction and 40 feet east-west, but due to alterations of the site caused by SDG&E, it is impos- sible to tell the exact extent of the site. One hammerstone, two core fragments, six flakes, one metate fragment, two mano fragments, 12 thermally-fractured rocks, and one pushplane were recorded at this site. One of the mano fragments was unifacial in morphology. recovered. It can be speculated that this site was considered by Rogers to be a portion of W-147 (Figure 6). No other diagnostic artifacts were v* SDM-W-979 (LCN-19) (Figure 6 )* W-979 is situated at contour 250-260, atop a prominent, wide hilltop in the southeast area of La Costa North. The site is located approxi mately 1,000 feet west of the eastern boundary of La Costa North, 500 feet northeast of the SDG&E easment. The site con- sists of a very light shell scatter with some lithic debris over an area approximately 350 feet by 200 feet. No diagnos- tic artifacts were located at this site. w. SDM-W-980 (LCN-20) (Figurad6 ). This site is situate immediately north of Alga Road approximately 1,000 feet east of El Camino Real on the most prominent knoll overlooking the marshy southern portion of Kelly Valley. several isolated tools including flakes and scrapers situated it is impossible to assign this site an areal dimension. It should be noted, though, that no surface collection was made since the entire site would have been haphazardly collected without a map indicating the relevant information. The site contains no subsurface depth. The site consists of on the promontory of the knoll. Due to the scatter of artifac 47 I I I 1 I i I 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 48 1 x. SDM-W-147 was recorded by Rogers during the later portions of the 1920s or the early years of the 1930s. He La Jolla 11, and Yuan I11 occupation, although permanent occupation was conducted by the Yuman I11 ('Iilpa) group sf the Kumeyaay. Rogers also felt that this site was a continu- ation of W-110 to the north, but the drastic change in midden and shell concentration indicates that the occupation at this site was indeed temporally distinct. Farrell considered the site to be a shell midden 300 by 450 feet in area with a depth of at least 1.5 feet. She stated that "The entire site has been cultivated, but has been disturbed up to eight inches. The site exhibits an extremely high density of artifacts: manos, mano fragments, metate fragments, mortar rim frag- ments, cores, choppers, flakes, flake scrapers, and hammer- stones. Also observed was a white quartz concave base pro- jectile point. The site does not extend to the west side of El Camino Real" (Farrell 1976:16). During the RECON survey, it was observed that the site area was approximately 700 feet in a north-south direction and 650 feet east-west. The depth meters (1.3 feet) (see Figure 6). felt that this site contained evidence of San Dieguito 11, of the deposition seemed to average approximately 40 centi- Cultivation dominated the flatlands of the site, but the site is currently fallow. It appeared as if the surface of the site had been recently brushed due to the two to three inch furrows throughout the site. No notable erosional activities had occurred at the site. Two postholes excavated in a haphazard manner at the site revealed that shell appeared down to 30 centimeters. The area was then underlain by the underlying Torrey Sandstone deposit at approximately 40 centimeters. The Munsell soil color was 7.5 YR 5/2. Further toward the northeastern portion of the site, approximately 40 feet west of the barbed wire fence line which demarks La Costa property, another posthole was excavated which indicated that the site extended to a dept of 49 centimeters. polynices, Chione, Pecten, and Razor clam. Many pieces of thermally-fractured rocks and several mano fragments were ex- Shell recovered in this posthole included I tracted from the posthole. Three bifacial, shaped manos, one unifacial chopper, two felsitic convergent sidescrapers, and 67 flakes were re- covered from the site for diagnosis at the laboratory. All of the artifacts were returned to the site during the latter part of November 1975 and were randomly scattered. y. SDM-W-147A. This site is situated south of W-147, being bounded by Alga Road on the south, El Camino Real on the West and W-147 on the north. The site is situated with- in a plowed field encompassing the elevation contours of 150- 170 feet above Mean Sea Level. separate locus of W-147. It begins approximately 50 feet ear of El Camino Real and 100 feet south of W-147. The site en- compasses approximately 200 feet in a north-south orientatioi and 150 feet in an east-west orientation. Although the site has been disrupted by twentieth century bean cultivation (sw Rogers' fieldnotes), it has not been disrupted below ten in- ches subsurface. The site is approximately 40 centimeters in depth. Artifacts encountered during the survey include four hammerstones, 100+ flakes, 35 manos, 68+ thermally-frac tured rocks, and 600 whole speciaens of Chione, Pecten, and Tagelus sp. It is assumed that the site represents the La Jolla Complex since no aboriginal ceramics were detected. It should be noted that most of the site is situated off of the La Costa property (see Fi'gure 6) a This site appears to b@ a 2. SDM-W-190 and SDM-W-190A. Rogers felt that Complexes as manifest in Coastal San Diego County. Rogers further stated that the site has only a slight trace of La Jolla occupancy. Most of the site, he felt, had been destro by farming. Typical artifacts included manos, metatest and mortars, reported by residents of the Kelly Ranch, The RECO survey identified two separate loci, both rapproximately the same distance in area and both being minimally disrupted by agricultural activities. The sites are situated on the west trending knoll on the east side of Kelly Valley approximatel 100-160 feet above Mean Sea Level. The portion of the site Rogers may have been describing may have been situated on the valley floor, in an area which has seen intensive agri- cultural cultivation. During the years prior to the lowerin of the water table due to urban and agricultural necessity, a small intermittent spring flowed from a drainage swale ap- proximately 100 feet south of the site. The creek bed is currently dry except during times of precipitation. these two sites represented the La Jslla 11 and Yuman 111 W-190 is situated on elevation 160 above Mean §ea Level approximately 100 feet east of site 190.A. A wooden water tank is located at the southeastern corner of the site a dirt road traverses the entire length of the site. The soil is very dark with a low content of shell. Several flaE scrapers, manos, thermally-fractured rocks, and specimens of whole and fragmented shell were recovered from this locatior No surface collections were made. One posthole reached the depth of 66 centimeters and did not obtain sterile subsoil. The soil is very clayey and is not conducive to manual post- holing; therefore the posthole was discontinued after 66 cer timeters, 49 I W-1908 is surrounded on the west and north by a grove of Eucalyptus trees. Some evidence of disc-harrowing is present in the western portions of the site. The area of this site locus is approximately 100 feet east-west and 75 feet north-south, Typical surface artifacts included flakes, debitage, mano fragments, thermally-fractured rocks, and var- ious shellfish remains including Chione, Pecten, and Polynices I i 1 1 I 1 1 I I 1 I 1 I 1 Although Rogers noted that the site contained evi- dence suggestive of a pottery-bearing strata, the surface of the site was completely devoid of any aboriginal ceramics. Unquestionably, the ceramics were either collected in their entirety by Rogers or have been removed by artifact collec- tors throughout the 40 ensuing years of artifact hunting. In any event, it is not possible, based upon current surface in- dications to suggest that the site is a manifestation of the late prehistoric culture (see Figure 6) aa. SDM-W-149 (Figure 6 ). This site occupies a massive portion of the portion of Kelly Valley north of Roston Road, bounded by the gently rising ridges on the,west, a dirt farm equipment access road on the east, and fading into untended agricultural fields in the north. The site is primarily situ- ated on contour 100. It extends nearly 700 feet in a north- ern direction from Roston Road and is approximately 450 feet in width at its maximum distance. The site consists of a very heavy shell concentration with a concentration of tools scat- tered over a widely dispersed area in the lowest portions of the site. Tools outnumber flakes approximately five to one. Artifacts identified on the site included five ham- merstones, numerous cores, several flakes, 17 manos, two fel- rocks. Shell fragments included fragments of Donax gouldaii, Chione, Pecten,, Mytilus, Ostrea lurida, Astraea, sp. and Poly- nices sp. Two postholes were conducted at the site which indicated the maximum depth of the site contained a maximum depth of 64 centimeters prior to reaching the sterile under- lying sandstone. From the postholes we obtained one large pushplane at 35 centimeters subsurface, and a layer of hearth- stones and manos at 40 centimeters subsurface. site knife bases, and literally dozens of thermally-fractured 1 Rogers felt that this site consisted of a La Jolla I1 level of occupation, Yuman 111, and possibly Luiseno. The late prehistoric veneer was concentrated on the valley floor. In the fieldnotes from the Museum of Man, Rogers indicated that in the early 1930's, ranchers digging a well, reported finding ash lenses and Torrey Pine cones at a considerable depth under the valley floor. Based upon current and past recordation, it appears as if this site was a very extensive I village site. Most of the surface ceramics have undoubtedly 1 50 1 been carried off by pothunters, ranch hands, or have been churned under the surface of the site. This is one of the most impressive sites remaining in coastal San Diego County, and should be excavated over a long period of time, with a well-defined research design. bb. SDM-W-588 is probably a La JolPa Complex site, super- fical in nature, situated on a long, westerly trending ridge at approximately 300 feet of elevation, one-quarter mile east of W-149. This site was radiocarbon dated by the Uni- versity of California at Riverside, C14 laboratory. A date of 4750i50 B.P. was obtained from the site, indicating a definitive affinity with the La Jolla Complex. The site has no subsurface component on the La Costa Properties, but east of the La Costa North fence line, the site has approxi- mately 30 centimeters of depth. It was from this area that the C14 sample was taken. No agricultural activities have been conducted in this area of the site, Artifacts found throughout the site indicate manos, thermally-fractured rocks, metate fragments, andesitic core fragments, flakes, and shell fragments, primarily FeGten, While the site encompasses approximately 1,400 feet in a westerly trend and 300 feet in a north-south width, the arti- facts are so scattered that the site is only definable by the presence of individual artifacts, not clusters of artifac- tual materials. Undoubtedly, this site was only utilized as a seasonal camp and not as a village. The nearest water would have flowed from Rancho de 10s Quiotes into Kelly Val- ley, thence into San Marcos Creek and Batiquitos Lagoon. The situation of a village site in proximity to the source of fresh water would be much more logical than on top of a wind-swept, clayey ridge lacking raw materials for artifact manufacture, water and good visibility. 51 1 I I I 1 I I I I I I 1 1 1 I 1 1 I 4. La Costa Master Survey Area. (The Northern, Eastern, and Northeastern and Southern Portions of La Costa Property). This survey was conducted during December 1975 and January 1976. Twelve archaeological sites were discovered as a result of the La Costa Master Archaeological Survey, ten of which had been either previously unrecorded or had been assigned an area number such as site W-182 which is actually a series of various site loci. Though all of the sites rank in various degrees of significance, all are important for the total understanding of the prehistory of one of the most sig- nificant archaeological regions in California--the Batiquitos- ?.rua Hedionda archaeological area. a. SDM-W-915 (La Costa Master Survey Site No. 2: The Carrillo Ranch Site). This site is located in the Southwest Quarter of the Nor1 west Quarter of the Southeast Quarter of Section 19. Most of the site is situated on thc Carrillo Ranch (Rancho de 10s Qui- otes--the ranch of the daggers). Only a thin strip, approxi- mately 1.5 meters meters wide, protrudes into La Costa proper1 since the remainder of the site has been removed as the resuli of a borrow pit. Vegetation on the site includes Toyon, Sage, and various other members of the Coastal Sage Community. The profile of the site is revealed in the borrow cut south of Carrillo property. from 30 to 100 centimeters in depth. The midden which is a very dark brown color ranges The artifacts include highly patinated felsite scrapers and flakes, basalt debitage, and one broken blade fragment. Notably, no ceramics were observed. On January 23, 1976, a radiocarbon sample was taken from 0.30 centimeters of depth from the southerly exposed borrow cut. A radiocarbon date of 6880k280 radiocarbon years ago: 4930 B.C, (UCR-434) was obtaii on the shell submitted to the University of California at Riverside. This date chronologically places the site near the beginning of the La Jolla Complex as it is known in San Diego County. Counted artifacts include 40+ flakes and debitage, 12 scrl pers, one blade fragment, and many oyster, Chione, and Pecten shells, The artifacts at this site bear a remarkable resem- blance to those at W-624 (Rancho Del Mar) where we were unabl to obtain a radioaarbon date due to the absence of organic ma ter, The total surface area of the site is approximately one acres e 52 , b. SDM-W-659 (La Costa Master Survey Site No. 3: The San Marcos Park Site). This very important late prehistoric site is situated nort east of the San Marcos Creek Monitoring Station in the South- east Quarter of the Northeast Quarter of Section 30 at 350 feet above Mean Sea Level. one-half acre of area. The site encompasses approximatelq The site is situated on an east trending knoll overlookinc San Marcos Creek. The knoll is dominated by a series of granc hunting has disrupted approximately five percent of the midder area of the site. Based upon sidewall exposures in the pot- hunter pits, the depth of midden is approximately 30 centimete dioritic outcroppings which were used for food processing, PC Artifacts included: 40f flakes and debitage, many of which were quartz i te 2 scrapers 2 portable metates 1 pestle fragment 2 ceramic fragments 10 mano fragments Immovable artifacts included one stone-walled circular en- closure, one stone wall, round and ovoid milling basins, one bedrock mortar, and several flat grinding slicks. It should be noted that this is the only milling stone station on La Cos ta properties. including Coastal Sage Scrub and a riparian habitat located along San Marcos Creek approximately one-fourth mile to the south. The soil on the site is primarily decomposed granite and very fine-grained alluvial soils. The soil color is light tan. Visibility of the features is hampered by dense vegetation c. SDM-W-917 (La Costa Master Survey Site No. 4: The Ranchero Road Site). This site is a very extensive quarry, encompassing perhaps ten acres on the western slope of an unnamed hill overlooking the gorge of San Marcos Creek. SDM-W-917 is situated in the Northwest Quarter of the Southeast Quarter of Section 30 at 500-525 feet above Mean Sea Level. The exposed portion of the east-west. A numerous scattering of flakes, cores, and core tools was located in an area of exposed metavolcanic materials site extends approximately 100 meters north-south and 60 meter 53 I A jeep trail dissects the eastern portion of the site and I I I I a bulldozer cut exposed the central portion of the site. Without the assistance of the bulldozer cut, the site would have remained unexposed. Artifacts include: Hammerstones, 10+ cores, 200 flakes in one ten meter grid, 10+ scrapers, 10+ typological blades, 2 bifaces, and 2 preforms. All of the artifacts were highly oxidized to a rust color which may indicate great age (Paleo- Indian?). Vegetation on the site is very dense, consisting primarily of mixed Coastal Sage Scrub and Chaparral communi- ties. The most predominant plants are Sumac, Toyon, and Buck-. wheat. Several individual Manzanita also grow on the site. The soil of the site grades from tan to rust colored to I 1 a dark gray. No soil samples were taken. Surface indications suggest the site underlies approxi- mately ten centimeters of topsoil. d. SDM-Fa-918 (La Costa Master Survey Site No. 5, 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 I I 1 1 54 I This site appears to be a locus of site W-182. It is situated in an eroded area 5,000 feet east of the junction of Encinitas Creek and an unnamed tributary. The knoll is due south of the intersection of Segoria Way and Garbacho Streel Topographically, the site is situated 240 feet above Mean Sea Level. W-918 is situated in the Northwest Quarter of Section 1 SDM-W-918 appears to be a single aboriginal hearth. In association with this hearth, several artifacts were identified No shell was found and no evidence of a subsurface component was present. Mitigation of this resource would entail the preparation of a detailed map of the area, and excavation of the hearth area. e. SDM-W-919 (La Costa Master Survey Site No. 7 This site is situated in the Northwest Quarter of Section One approximately 400 feet south of SDM-W-918 at between 250 from 30 to 60 centimeters in depth. The site is approximately 100 feet north-south and 50 feet east-west. Artifacts include an uncounted number of cores, flakes, pushplanes, scrapers and Chione shell. Most of the vegetation on the site consists of intrusive grasses. A C14 date of 8160 B.P. was obtained from this site. and 275 feet above Mean Sea Level. Midden at the site ranges The soil color is a dark brown, 5 YR 3/2 on the Munsell Soil Color Chart. It is probable that this site represents the remains of a La Jolla Complex village which is undoubtedly associated with SDM-W-182 to the south. f. SDM-W-182 (La Costa Master Survey Sits No. I The Encinitas Grant Plateau Site) . In light of this survey, an additional investigation step was engineered by Mr. Charles S, Bull on this site. Mr. Bull supervised a series of posthole tests along the northeast/soutl west axis of the site in an attempt to delimit subsurface depol By examining the results of this posthole test, he was able to delineate three areas with definite subsurface material. The majority of the area I have described appears to be surface in nature, with artifact materials ranging from high surface concentrations to very light surface areas. A total of l9 postholes was excavated during the course of this test. The information recovered was recorded on Post- hole Test Data Sheets, and information regarding the concentra- tion of associated surface materials, soil coloration, and evaluations of the surrounding area were made. The table indi- cates the Munsell Soil colors as they were identified for the excavated postholes. No artifacts were found in any of the postholes. Three areas, however, appeared from the soil color and surrounding deposits to be probable midden areas. Postholes No. 1, 11@, 11~, and 11H all seem to contain midden soil, The remainder of the postholes lacked the necessary dark soil, and surface and subsurface artifacts to indicate subsurface deposition. By relating the soil coloration and the surface manifestations the three probable midden areas were delineated. By visual examination of surface material, two areas of significant sur- face concentration, but seemingly without depth, were also identified. As a result of this additional evidence, it is possible to refine the measures necessary for mitigating this valuable resource. Test excavations need to be accomplished at SDM-W-11 in those areas which have a good possibility of subsurface ma- terial. This would involve the execution of a posthole test (2.5 percent in the case of Area 1). Posthole tests indicate be accomplished in those areas of high surface concentration to insure if midden is present or absent. Mr. Bull feels, however, that it is unlikely that such tests will prove ro- ductive. He does suggest that a surface map be produced for within each areap and the excavation of at Least five percent 55 1 the entire site area and a comprehensive report of the results be produced in a professional manner by an archaeologist quali- fied to be in the Society for California Archaeology's Director Prior to further investigations, Mr. Bull feels it is I 8 1 I I 1 I I 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 1 I impossible to state exactly how much work will be necessary to mitigate the areas with apparent depth. Area 1 appears to be of limited subsurface potential, while Areas 2 and 3 should require more than the minimum five percent test to mitigate. Area 3 is by far the most important aspect of this resource. It is rich in midden and contains a wide variety of flaked and ground lithic artifacts. This site occupies an east-west trending ridge north of and adjacent to Rancho Santa Fe Road. Elevations at the site range from 180-200 feet above Mean Sea Level. The site is dissected by gullys, small washes, and rivits which drain in- to Encinitas Creek approximately three-quarter miles east. Portions of the site have been eroded by natural agencies. agricultural disturbance but the great depth of the site (1- 3 meters) indicates the site has probably suffered only mini- mal disturbances. Aerial photographs indicate that the site area has undergone The artifacts discovered on the site includes 10+ hammer- stones, 10+ cores, ZOO+ flakes and pieces of debitage, 10+ scrapers, 1 blake, manufactured from metavolcanic material, 1 projectile point, 10+ thermally-fractured, and an uncount- able amount of shells. Rogers considered this to be one of the most extensive site localities in San biego County. He collected eight ceramic fragments, two pieces of obsidian, one chalcedony convex base blade, and one concave base slate blade from the site (SDM-1963-1056). No ceramic fragments were noted during our survey. Rogers considered this site to contain materials which indicated people of the San Dieguito I1 and 111, La Jolla I1 and Yuman I11 Complexes used the site. Shells include Chione, Pecten, Ostrea lurida, Astraea sp., Tagelus sp., Donax gouldaii, and other fragmentary shell re- mains. A shell sample for a radiocarbon date was collected from this site. The sample has been forwarded to the radio- carbon laboratory at the University of California at Riverside. g. SDM-W-920 (La Costa Master Survey Site No. 9 1 This is a small site located approximately 200 feet west of W-182. The site is situated on a small drainage swale north of the intersection of Olivenhain and Rancho Santa Fe Road (approximately 500 feet). The contour elevation is 160 feet above Mean Sea Level. 56 ’ -The area of the site encompasses 40 meters north-south and ten meters east-west. Some damage from agricultural en- terprise is noted. No artifacts were noted on the surface, however many various shells were scattered throughout the area, It is possible that this site represents geological redeposition from a site which was once located on a higher ridge to the north. The soil is a light tan in color. h. SDM-W-921 (Ea Costa Master Survey Site No. This La Jolla Complex site is located on contour 1168 feet above Mean Sea Level approximately 50 feet above Olivenhain Road, 500 feet south of its intersection with Rancho Santa Fe Road. Surface scatter indicates that the site is approxi- mately 60 meters north-south and 30 meters east-west. The site has no apparent depth. Flakes and shell are scattered over a small knoll, but they lack the density which was noted at W-182. The site appears to have been brushed sometime in the past, probably in canjunction with agricultural activity, Several erosion control ditches are located in the southern portion of the site. Surface artifacts include one hammerstone, two cores, 30 flakes, two manos, and ten thermally-fractured rocks. This site may have been a portion of W-48 or W-182. Mitigation can be achieved by surface mapping. The soil of the site is a light yellow-brown with broken she11 fragments scattered throughout. In 1974, Rose Noble (Tyson) recovered a human burial from an erosional cut to the northeast of the site. i. SDM-W-922 (La Costa Master Survey Site No. This site is located at the second knoll east of El Camint Rea1 at 175 feet above Mean Sea Level. The area of the site is approximately 30 meters in diameter. Much of the site ap- pears to have been destroyed by construction activities. The remaining site appears to be a deep shell midden although no flakes, one scraper, one portable metate, six mano fragments, one chopper and many Chione and Pecten shells. postholing was conducted. The surface yielded one core, ten The soil is a very dark-brown in color, mixed with shell j. SDM-W-923 (La Costa Master Survey Site No. and artifacts. This site was originally noted by Ron May in 1972 and recorded as La Costa Site 2. May considered this site to be 57 1 I I I I I 1 1 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 a La Jolla Complex site of minor archaeological importance (1972). The site is situated on the southwest corner of a ridge paralleling Green Valley at 140-176 feet above Mean Sea Level. An SDG&E power line easement dissects the site. One excavated posthole indicates the site is in excess li of SO centimeters of depth. Chione and Pecten shell are scattered throughout an area approximately 40 meters east- west and twenty meters north-south. Two cores, ten flakes, five mano fragments and two thermally-fractured rocks were located on the site. This site may have been plowed for agricultural purposes; it seems to be disturbed on the surface to a great extent, but it is impossible to gauge its subsur- 1 face disturbance. k. SDM-W-981 (La CsstaMaster Survey Site No. 11 This site is a small shell and artifact scatter located atop a northwest trending knoll. The site is probably re- lated to SDM-W-182. May (1972:39) says he placed a test pit "at this San Dieguito I11 site...whieh showed that the site did not extend below the surface." Based upon our one postho. the site has 30 centimeters of depth and is not a San Dieguitc I11 but a La Jolla Complex site. A reexamination of SDM-W-981 by Charles S. Bull revealed that the area has been graded. The remains of the site consi. of a few flakes scattered over a knoll area. There is no indi cation of midden nor any evidence of a non-disturbed componenl As such, no recommendation of further mitigating measures can be made. The location of the site will serve as the only mitj gation necessary. 1 1. SDM-W-982 (La Costa Master Survey Site NO. 1 This site is located on a knoll northeast of the inter- section of El Camino Real and Olivenhain Road at 125-130 feet above Mean Sea Level. The site is located on property owned by the Ayers family. The site is a cobble and flake scatter, surface in nature, and is probably a specialized food process ing or procurement area. While it is possible that Yucca sp. was processed here or obtained here, the absence of a subsur- face component may preclude any but a remote possibility that this site can be used to make such a determination, Several utilized flakes and thermally-fractured cobbles may be found scattered in an area roughly 40 by 60 feet in dimension. 1 58 The vegetation on the site consists of a well developed stand of Sage, Chamise and Yucca whipplei. Several pushplan and heavy duty chopping tools were found at the site. Since the site is surface in nature, no excavation is necessary, but since it is surface, it is very fragile and can be des- troyed by foot traffic, 59 I I 1 1 I I I I I I I 1 1 1 I I 1 1 H. CRITERIA FOR CULTURAL RESBUXCE ASSESSMENT All of the archaeological resources discovered during the intensive survey of La Costa are limited fragile and non- renewable components of the unwritten history of California. In assessing such resources it is often extremely difficult to place a scientific value on the site. Archaeologists in various sections of the United States feel that between 50 and 100 percent excavation may be necessary prior to de- termining that any one site has been mitigated. This is but one reason that preservation and project design are generally archaeologists who have been schooled in the private sector believe that with the proper approach the information gained from only a five to 15 percent excavation far exceeds the ex- pectations demanded by the preservationists. I feel that a ten to fifteen percent excavation can more than mitigate the impact to any given archaeological site depending upon the research problems to be Studied by the project archaeologist and the general competency of the archaeologist undertaking the excavation, With current population and housing pressure: in San Die30 County, and tax assessment based upon "highest and best use of land," the best and most economic use of some land is fo.r urban (suburban) development. While some sites will be destroyed as a result of the La Costa development, the increased knowledge of our past as provided through ex- cavation, if conducted in a scientific manner, will benefit the residents of Carlsbad, California, and the scientific community. preferable to salvage excavation. On the other hand, many In order to scientifically rank the significance of vari- ous archaeological resources, I established criteria in 1975 in a paper delivered to the 1975 Society for California Ar- chaeological Convention. My ideas have changed somewhat sinct then, but my criteria remain essentially unchanged. I believt that all sites are significant manifestations of past human behavior, however criteria must be established and uniformly employed which distinguish between isolated artifacts which are meaningless and sites which have potential for answering some of the unanswered questions of the past. Criteria for sites discovered on the La Costa survey are as follows: STANDARDS FOR DETERMINING SITE SIGNIFICANCE 1, Major. An archaeological or historic site will be classified as major if it has an estimated age greater than 50 years and one or more of the following characteristics: 1 60 a) midden deposits b) midden materials which have internal continuit] c) surface material which is Concentrated in a d) surface and/or midden material which is rare 01 defined area uncommon in nature. If a site is found to be major, any one sf the fsllc ing mitigation measures is in order: a) stabilization and/or preservation if land dis- b) mapping and collection of all surface materials c) minor subsurface investigation if midden mater- d) a five percent subsurface test if the midden ruption is not necessary if no midden deposits are present ial is present from the minor investigation demonstrates in- ternal continuity e) salvage excavation of between five and fifteen percent of the site volume if none of the above measures achieves mitigation. In all of the above cases, a report should be pre- pared for the public record. 2. Moderate. An archaeological or historic site will be classified as moderate if it has an estimated age greater than 50 years and one or more of the following characteris- tics: a) midden deposits which have been partially dis- rupted b) midden deposits which have internal continuity but a portion of which has been altered c) surface material which is not concentrated in a defined area yet is present over a wide, con- tiguous area d) surface and/or midden which is rare or uncommor in nature. If a site is found to be of moderate significance, any one of the following mitigation measures is in order: a) a systematic radial posthole series for b) mapping and collection of all surface materials c) minor subsurface investigation if midden ma- subsurface determination and subsurface materials terial is present 61 I I I I I 1 I I 1 I 1 1 1 I I I I I d) a five percent subsurface test if the midden from the minor investigation demonstrates in- ternal continuity salvage excavation of between five and fifteen percent of the site volume if none of the above measures achieves mitigation. 3) In all of the above cases, a zepor-t should be pire- pared for.the public record. classified as minor if it has an estimated age of greater than 50 years and one or more of the following characteristics: 3. Minor. An archaeological or historical site will be a) no midden deposits b) midden material without internal. continuity c) no concentration of surface materials within A minor site may require any one of the following a defined area. 1 mitigation measures: a) record the site area with a local museum or institution the site must be located on the tentative project map and a U.S.G.S, Topographic Survey Map a report should be prepared for the public record. b) c) Mitigation of a minor site can usually be achieved during the course of the original archaeological survey. 4. Insignificant. An archaeological or historic site will be classified as insignificant if it has an estimated age of greater than 60 years but one or more of the follow- ing is the case: a) the material remains display neither qualitativc nor quantitative value b) the Museum of Man refuses to assign a site num- ber to the site or site areas c) the materials located seem to represent dis- placed or isolated artifacts or cultural ma- terials without context. 62 Mitigation can be achieved by the following: a) locating the area on a project map b) describing the area within the archaeological section of the Draft Environmental Impact Report. Mitigation measures can usually be achieved during the course sf the archaeological survey, 63 1 i I I 1 I 1 I 1 1 1 1 I 1 1 I I I I. MITIGATION Mitigation fox all sites ideally integrates preservation with 'zes-ting and excavation progrms, FormuPations for a mit gatisn progran should follow those criteria discussed withic Section H. A11 sites are r-ated in levels sf significance bzsed upon criteria established dfi Seetian 3 and appropriate XieaSUrSEi Eire Sf2-C fUr-kk ill TabLe 3, WhiCh fOlLQWS. I 64 . . -. TABLE 3 pxrs $:QXIXCMC~ AND SUGGRSTDD nI?xca?im W~RKS roa LI COSTA LYD mmm Ute mnln-r #itmil I~JM nitiqatim rroubrJ TJW or aitm lolw (indirui impact midden L. sm-U-11s *. jor a. sp*-y-c5* ). jor ?ronrrmtimn only Pottaq. mlddmn* only) ,tncturc 3. SDI-U-117 uior Kxcavatlon b mapping Ouarrl 6. SDI(-O-WI *ant Yidden mlnor none (Grad@& Mappimq s colloctinp Cobble and flab 5. smwTwa major 6. sa-u-922 IOdereCa POEthOh 8et'iES Sholl 1. SDII-Y-Yl3 Roderato Posthole serirs, test she11 0. sm-u-gw uatter Test excavation niddcn excevarionlyrcseNJtion Uidden Ra jor Excava:ion/Surface uap Deflated Hearth Shell midden Lithic Scatter Excavation 1. SCU-Y-919* m jor IO. SM-Y-ld2. llm jor Salvage excavation or Shell midden; exton- preeervatlon t1VC artifact scat- ter, human remains reported. none Shell redeposition Radial posthole series Shell midden: dis- Test wtcavation rupted by agricul- 11. SC+l-W-920* Rdnor IZ. SDn-N-921. madcrate ture If. SON-W-962 Moderate Happing and surface Surface lithic site 14. SM-N-963 nc4er.t. Mapping end 100% er- Yucca(?) Roasting IS. SDH-N-964 UhOr None (collected-1975) Surface scatter collecting cavation pie Happing, ovcrhearl pho- . Intact flaking 16. SDR-U-965 )(a)OC tcqraphy test units stating 17. SDN-U-914 mjor Excavation and surface Deflated workshop mapping as a research on a qravel terrace project 18. So#-N-966 Winor napping: 100% excavation Scatterad Roasting 19. SDX-W-967 Ninor napping: 1001 excavation Scattered hearth 20. SDM-Y-173 Insignificant Disrupted by previous borrowing activities1 21. SDn-w-109 Uoderate (Por- Posthole series; test Shellfish midden 22. SDH-w-I10 major Salvage excavation and/or Shell midden sur- total or partial preser- face *?tifacts pit Site not present tion on La Costa) excavation vation Insignificant None-mitigatcd Light surface shell scatter 23. SDn-W-968 24. SDH-W-963 Ninor Posthole series; test ex- Shell scattcri cawation ceramic scatter 25. SDN-W-970 Minor Mapping and excavation Hearth with ash 26. SDH-W-971 Inoiqnificent None-mitigated Discontinuous flake 27. 3M-W-972 NlnoC Posthole aeries Light shell scat- 28. SDn-Y-973 Ha jor Test excavation: preser- Shell midden 29. SDN-U-174 Noderate Test excavation; posthole Some shell midden 30. SM-Y-975 ncderate Posthole series shell and artifact 31. SOU-W-976 xn.igiriCism+ ..None: mitigated Shell SCCIC~~T 32. 5DM-U-977 werate Posthole series. test Midden, light .hell 33. SDI-Y-en . warate Posthole series; surface Surface shell and 34. SDN-u-979 Insignificant None; mitigated Surface lithic. Insignificant None; mitiqated Surface lithic. 35. SDN-W-980 36. SDU-Y-1471 Uajor Test excavation/salvaqe Shell midden 37. SDN-U-1478 38. SDM-U-148 Najor salvage ercwation/pres- Shell midden 39. SW-Y-190 )(a jor Salvage excavation/pres- Midden 40. SDN-N-Sa8 scatter Minor investigation ter Potsherd vation series stone tWlS Surface map^ scatter excavation if necessary scatter mappreg, test excavation lithics nodarate Test excavation Disrupted shell midden vation vation Insignificant None Llght lithic scatter disruptrd by agri- culture 41. ortcga Ranch llistoricillly IlOUSC Signif Icant Prewrvntion Mob hou~ 9 *ortion# of the Encinitas Grant Plateau site, N-182. I I I 1 1 1 D t I I 1 I 1 I J. IMPACTS TO THE ARCH~OLOGICWL RESOURCES Since archaeological sites are fragile and non-renewable, they are all subject to irreversible impacts as a result of twentieth century demands for land. ment programs, though, the impacts to these resources can be planned to be minimal, out of an impact zone in many instances, or 2) sites can be scientifically excavated for the permanent preservation of data. Through proper band manag This means 1) sites can be engineered A11 of the sites on La Costa will be subject to primary or secondary impacts, although some of the sites wj-ll be pro- tected via land use categories themselves. A11 of khe sites in La Costa North may be subject to direct physical impact. W-149 will be eliminated by grading for a golf course and must therefore be salvaged. The mitigation of some sites has been achieved by recordation. The density of the residential units corresponds to the amount of physical impact which may occur to individual sites. In Ea Costa North, the dwelling units are expected to be between 0-4 per gross acre. In the Rancher Estates, it is expected to be 0-1.5 d/u per acre. The La Cost South area is scheduled to be 4-10 d/u per acre and 10-20 d/u per acre which indicates more land alteration is necessary than in the acreage with less dwelling unit density, in the category with higher densities will be subject to great impacts by lot design and human impacts. Sites Future Melrose Avenuep Carrillo Way and Olga extension ma!, affect archaeological resources (Table 4) . Parks are planned for W-659, and W-94’7. These parks will provide ample protection for the archaeological resources con- tained within their boundaries. Other methods of site preservation are also possible, Thc may include the following: 1. Fencing off the site area (this would only be effectiT for the Ortega Ranch Houseof W-947 which contains tht Encinitas Ranch House. 1 I 2. Covering sites with fill, and 3. Filling the site, then landscaping with Pow impact vec tation such as varieties of the Opuntia sp. Cactus, I 1 1 66 a, U c a aa u w4 *ri BI-4 w 4 F: 1 1 .89 a, rl *A Qrd c6: a .rl u wao a,@ ao) 3: -4 "Ll ct -0 4' JJ-9 .rl E 3: *d( *c I wPI-.Ik~$;ik*k:;*k*kEjrlk a -4 aooaw aao ~$:g?gg.gggggzzg~~ , ( mgtr.nbnUQ-fl-n7rgrb 2rgrd-n -4 .rl ! i q E HO au 25 f2w E-I crl mw Y wz x *B U& Hid !I3 !22 a2 E4 H 4 1: E~;$~NNwQNQM@ coooooaoo 1: r 2.4 A ij +JmmVJmmudm -r 3coooooo a P u O&:-C\-r-lY-!JYQ rl E .r( *r-l -rl -4 -4 -4 .rl rd 3533335 a, ktrWWWWWW p: a -4 -ri .rl a4 -4 -rl .rl h-G-!J4J-94J4J~ 0 rdrdaaarda G awamammm r - I: a -4 SILL ala)ala,ala) ~ GZiiaw c -r cnCnorl222akkLlkhh:: -9 aaa &GGS2.GS -4 w 140000 004 0 iawQ~+Jwmamcr)mcr)Cna, T UOudmmO m Q 000 SSGSdG&O s 44JUUUJA4J-9Q4J-9QYk -r- m mr-lL4kkkkkd & a,rdrdaaoooooo c ~d~~wzzzzzz~~ E I I I I I 1 I I I 1 1 B I I I I 1 K. INTERPRETATION OF THE ARCHAEOLOGICAL RECORD ON THE LA COSTA LAND COMPANY PROPEKTY Archaeological reconstruction and interpretation general1 take on the personality of a mystery story. A few items are analyzed, information is synthesized, clues are obtained from various non-conforming entities, and then someone has to at- tempt to ask questions of the information. The facts do not speak for themselves, especially archaeological facts. When questions are asked--that is the proper questions--answers ca often be generated. times we can negate hypotheses but are unable to prove any- thing elaborate. The data obtained from the archaeological survey of La Costa is the first step in synthesizing a massiv quantity of data on the Batiquitos Lagoon area of San Diego County. From La Costa it may be possible to rewrite and re- interpret the hypothesized prehistory of San Diego County. At least 56 archaeological sites once speckled the La Costa North and the La Costa Master Survey areas (Tables 3 and 5). This number does not include those sites which have been destroyed by Euro-American land alteration, nor does it include those sites which were reported for La Costa Far Sout or Green Valley Knolls in 1975 (Kaldenberg 1975a and 1975b). Fifteen of the 56 sites have been impacted by housing or recr ational development. Portions of some of these may underlie the La Costa Golf Course or green areas throughout the La Costa development. However, the extent of these sites is not known (see Table 5). All of the sites which have already been impacted by this type of planned development are within one-third of a mile of a major water course such as San Marco or Encinitas Creek. Six of these 15 sites were situated on San Marcos Creek, which was a major creek at one time (Figure Charles Kelly recollects that children in the Carlsbad area used to swim in a large pond beneath a waterfall where the westernmost terminus of the gorge which the creek passes through and stops before finally being diverted into Batiquit Lagoon. Just as is the case with a mystery, ofte 1 A similar phenomena is recognized when studying the site location contours. Eighty percent of all these sites were situated at the 100-foot contour or less. these sites to a low elevation contour and to a reliable sour of water infer that in the absence of American land alteratio this area could possibly have supported an aboriginal popula- tion until the advent of the Europeans. The proximity of This is not a novel idea since Fages recounts an Indian village at Batiquitos whi 1 68 u3 u c rcl 8 2 2 2; PI p: w u I3 2 a, 0 m 8 lr;$ U ww c ADZ mE-i -4 4 3 w $2 H m a. E H [I] p: '2S-FH w x B *a" 0 I% 0 '6'1 m .." 3 EJ *p-q *a 0s 3 m k a, A s aaaaaaaaaaaaaaa a,a,a,a,a,a,a,a,a,a,a,a)a,a,a, m444uuuu+Juuc,c,uuu 7uuuuu uuu uu u 4aaaldfd2ldrdfdLda:LQ -r C $2g$E?22$g222gggq$ -d -4 -d -rl -d -4 4 -4 .rl -rl -4 -4 -4 -4 -rl + : S t n C I E C 2 II -l- a,a, a, mrirla, ~a)a,a,a, a, -4 *rl rl a) -4 r( rl rl rl a, a, a, a, a, rl E E-du E.d.rI-d-dc,c,c,c,4-d E E E E -4 .rl -rl -4 -rl E E 4 400 mo mmmmm mridm rlmmm- m II \A\\\\\AAccA\ ~>~riodrirlrirloooood 8a,a,a,a,a,a,a, a,a,a,cua,a) c 2 xxxxxxxx xxxxx aaaaaaa aaaaax kkkkkkkkXkkkkka, a,UUUUUUUUa,UUUUUk a, U kmmmmmmmmkmmmmm ~00000000U00000m ouuuuuuuu uuuuurcl mkkkkkNkkakkkkku @&222LZ -4 ucc fdfd5Ldrclarclcafda22: $mmmmmmmm3mmmmmw kaH22g2g cccdcccc *d R C 00 00 000 a3 NTr coa3N t ri ri a10110011100000m I co wco wwwoow I- II 00 000 drlN a0 riw om wwo ri ri r r t G X rl X X Xm X X X X X xxXxxxxxx -$ ri C 4- -I- I-. 6 Q c -r sori, co WOWMN-~BI zoow ri cncncnoooocn -4aaa a aaaaaaaa It 2 c13 bbbbNlflU)u)ulbbbbu)b -4 -4 -I4 rl -4 b -4 -4 -4 -4 .4 -4 -4 -4 u, W P 0 mmmm&m&mmmmmmmm& . n rlrlriririrl m rl Nlm w m IC, b corn o rl N m e u, 1 1 he encountered in 1769 and the baptismal record of both the mission at San Luis Rey and San Diego indicate a sizeable Indian population was baptized from rancherias named Bati- quitos. Very few radiocarbon dates have been obtained which sub- stantiate a large late prehistoric population on the La Costa have been obtained is not due to the absence of a late pre- historic population, but because of very early land altera- tion which had occurred here by early agriculturalists. areas near the water course would have been the first to have been plowed due to the proximity to the water itself. This early agriculture would have obscured this late prehistoric components even more greatly than they altered the earlier La Jolla components because of the limitedness of that oc- cupational component. Also, late prehistoric artifacts would have been readily recognizable to early agriculturalists who would have readily collected them. I suggest that this is one reason that of the eleven La Costa sites Rogers re- ported to contain pottery, ceramics were found on only three of them during extensive surveys by this author during 1975. Alteration and surface collections have removed the late pre- historic component from visibility in most instances (Kroeber, 1975). He reported the presence of the village (rancheria) of Shikapa along the San Marcos Creek, but no other information was given. It is highly probable that Shikapa was located on a knoll top overlooking Batiquitos Lagoon since Fages re- counts that the Indians "came down from their village" to meet with them (see Table 6). property, I feel that the reason no substantial Cp4 dates The Thus far, only four radiocarbon dates from the La Costa area reflect a possible dated late prehistoric component; these dates were obtained from two sites, one which is on La Costa property. Site SDM-W-106 had a terminal date of 740 A.D, (UCR-407). Site W-693 has a series of late prehistoric dates ranging from 875 A.D. (UCLJ-245) to 1125 A.D. (See Table 7 )e At Rancho Park North, Site A, approximately one-half mile soutl a date of 1240 A.D. was obtained. At Rancho Park North, Site C, a date of 1650 A.D. was obtained. One of the key problems facing archaeologists in this county is the boundary between the Shoshonean-speaking Luisenos and the Yuman-speaking North- ern Dieguenos. Kroeber (1925) indicates the boundary was Batiquitos Lagoon. C. Bart Merriam states that the ... northern boundary (of the Yumans). ..extends from from the Pacific Ocean at the mouth of San Marcos Creek easterly along this creek and Santa Isabel Creek e e. (Merriam 1974:35) a 71 rn b 0-l 4 c -d 4J c, a, m a, k PC I I h * 1 I I IF1 I IXIXIIIIrnIIXXX pi v m ulk Ea, Zb "2 8 2 a" i I 0 va Q) uc, HO p:z xxxxxxxxxxx I I I a, 0 'E mul WZU 4 PI 1 I I 1 1 :I rn2G 2 2 s Z E k 3 4J Ha, u ? 3 k 4J m -rl k wc, a, Ec, c 4 mmmmmrnmmmmmomm uuuuuuuuuuu4Juu rl -4 -d -4 -4 -ti -d -rl -rl -d -d -4 ul -d -rl SZ aard -d kkkLIkkkkkkkUkk Cn a,a,a,a,a,a,a,a,a,a,a,-da,a, -4 UUUUUUUUUUUEUU ulk rd wo k EA a, 4 U fd EEEFpXxp~.-p~ G 0 .ri 4J rd d t3 -ri m a, a, -4 ul I 1 1 a c, 4 LDmOFcnmOdNOmcnm aoorl-e=3Falala(nmwb Wdd4rlrldddrl4rnCncn $$86A&888888$+ AA&AA&&A&&&&&z aaaaaaaaaaaaaa cnulmulululcnululululululul e..... 0.0.0.0. rlNM-em~FalCnOrlNm* W lnNm mrl rn*eJ-slJ304 mwm-*QQ dm~P4mdl-l mm, mmmm A+!&AAA df=i~~bJl=l&J a, c, .... ...... a auuuuu; 4 ~mmmcllmm zgggzg: .s.. ...... mQmooom ?la-**w= u w '5: +BO d el^^ ahk 42; 8rn PI WQ) 0 oocoooo* =3coNCoLn0000 gsggggg "gy-gg ~-0dUJm~ X a, 01 k U rn rd 4J .rl c -A 0 c: HX k m a&- a4 -0 - I cc EZUU I C& 32z" cn- 1 I I 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 i I 1 1 I I I 1 Meighan, True, and Grew (1974) extend the southerly boundary of the Luiseno to San Elijo Lagoon. More recently Phillips (1975:frontspiece) places the Euiseno as extending into the Los Penasquitos Slough area well into territory which has been defined as Kumeyaay territory. It is highly likely, based upon mission baptismal records that even during historic times that the Batiquitos Lagoon area saw inhabita- tion by the Luiseno and Northern Diegueno. The San Dieguito/La Jolla sites comprise the bulk of the sites located in the surveyed area. Five sites have been identified as containing material which is categorized as San Dieguito. Twenty-three sites have Ea Jolla complex corn- ponents, which includes crudely fashioned cobble-scrapers and extensive shell middens. Ten sites contain late prehistoric components,, seven of which are in conjuncti.on with other site components (Table 8 ). The radiocarbon record for the Ea Costa vicinity begins at 8380P80 years ago (UCLJ-3161) at Ranco Park North (Table 7) and continues to 1868 when the Ortega Ranch House was constructed. The earliest dated site on La Costa is 6880k280 (UCR-434), site SDM-W-915, which was located during the La Costa Master Survey. This date is very significant since it demarks what is yenerally construed as the beginning of La Jolla occupation of coastal San Diego County. The artifact assemblage from the site is typically San Dieguito as was manifested at the Harris Site and at Rancho Del Dios. This again raises the question as to tem- poral differences between the San Dieguito and the La Jolla complex. Based on increasing samples of sites, the San Die- guito complex seems to be subsiding as a Paleo-Indian corn- ponent to reflect an activity mode of generalized-hunting- gathering-fishing society, backbay site, indicates that it may have been used to ex- ploit the inland environs and not estuarine resources. This would explain the relatively low shell content in the midden. The site is fully two and one-half miles from Batiquitos La- goon at an elevation of 540 feet above Mean Sea Level. The transportation of shellfish resources to such a site would have only been of secondary importance due to the difficulty of easy accessibility (Figure 8). The location of W-915, truly a I Sdi 213 which was located near the southern periphery of Alicante Road has been dated at 6320f250 years ago (UCLJ- 333) and 34005240 years ago (UCLJ-381), dates which are typi- cally La Jolla in chronology. The artifact assemblage was also very typical of the La Jolla shellfish processing site. Dates of 6210+280 (UCR-421) and 5170h230 (UCR-420) years ago were obtained at Santa Fe Glens (W-181"A). The archaeologias components at this site reflected San Dieguito, La Jolla, and 74 TABLE 8 ARCIIAEOIUXAL SITE 1NVyllIl~Y~OP IA COSTL likUllKlrTIt:~~ Blta Elcvntion Ahma nistanco to Dr.algn.itiun . Powiblu Twhao-Cmplcx IGun Sc.1 Lrvel ral~w-iis,kol~k~L SW~C~ I U 3 i i: man saoogz Water Saurcm Distance "8 h 5:: 9 :: 8 332 s a 1. W--659 X 340 San nJrcoa Creek 114 die a. u-911 X 540 ban Udrcos Creek 1/4 mile 3. W-921 X 140 Encinitas Creek 1/4 mile 4. W-920 X 160 Encinitas Creek 1/4 mile s. w-sin X 240 Encinitas Creek 3/4 mile 6. W-919 X 230 Encinitas Creek 3/4 mile 7. u-182 x x x 160-200 Encinitas Creek 1/4 mile 8. U-922 X 140 Encinitas Creek 3/4 mile 9. w-923 X 175 Encinitas Creek 1/2 mile 10. W-915 X x 540 San mrcos Creek 1 mile 1/2 mile 11. W-962 X 300 12. W-963 X 300 Kelly Creek 1/2 hile 1/2 mile 13. W-964 X 260 14. W-965 X 300 Kelly Creek 1/2 mile 15. -w-914 X 280 Kelly Creek 1/2 mile Kelly Creek - Kelly Creek 16. W-966 X 270 Kelly Creek 1/2 mile 17. Y-967 X 250 Kelly Creek 1/2 mile 18. 11-968 X 170 Kelly Creek 1/2 mile 19. 1-969 X 180 Kelly Creek 1/2 mile 20. W-970 X 280 Kelly Creek 1/2 mile 21. W-971 X 100-130 Kelly Creek 1/3 mile 12. W-972 X 150-170 Kelly Creek 1/3 mile X 23. w-973 110-130 Kelly Creek 1/10 mile 24. Y-974 X 110-140 Kelly Creek 1/10 mile 25. W-975 X 200 1/3 mile Kelly Creek 26. W-976 X 80-9Q Unnamed Source 100 feet 27. 01-977 X 80-120 On-site Kelly Creek 28. W-978 X 260-280 Kelly Creek l/3 mile 19. u-979 X 250-260 1/2 mile 30. Y-980 X 100 Kelly Creek 1/4 nile 31. W-981 X 200 Encinitas Creek 1/4 mile 32. W-982 X 100 Encinitas Creek 1/4 mile 33. 1-110 xx 200-260 Xelly Creek 1/3 mile 34. 147A xx 200-220 Kelly Creek 1/3 mile Kelly Creek 35. 147B X 180 1/3 mile 36. 149 X 90 Kelly Creek 1/10 mile Kelly Creek 37. W-190 xx 100-180 Kelly Creek 1/4 mile 38. w-109 x x- 300 Kelly Creek 1/2 mile 39. W-588 X 300 Kelly Creek 1/2 mile 40. Ortegd Adobe X 320 San llarcos Creek On-site 4' W-173 X X X 200-280 Kelly Creek 1/1 mile 5 23 10 11 1 'Data frm field obscrvations only. I 1 a late preshistoric component. This site was so disrupted by tomato agriculture that the radiocarbon dates only indicatc when the site was occupied, not for what period of time. W-588, located in La Costa North has been dated at 4250&2! years ago (UCR-406). The artifact yield from this site is so limited that no additional information can be obtained from the site. A very complete radiocarbon record from Green Valley Knol: 5250*50 to 1210~180 years ago--indicates that a homeostatic population was situated here. tively constant since the entire midden depth at the site doe: not exceed 150 centimeters. The midden deposition was rela- Elevation contours upon which the site recorded at La Cost were found to vary, but to no great degree. Only three late prehistoric sites were reported at elevations greater than 300 feet (Table 8 1. These are SDM-W-659 at 340 feet above Mean Sea Level, SDM-W-963 located at 300 feet, and SDM-W-109 which is also located at 300 feet above Mean Sea Level. Of the remaining late prehistoric sites, three are situated at an elevation greater than 200 feet above Mean Sea Level. Late prehistoric sites have a mean elevation of 227 feet. La Jolla sites, because of their predominance throughout the survey area, vary more greatly than the late prehistoric sites. Although their mean elevation is 202 feet above Mean Sea Level, their variance is between 90 and 540 feet. San Dieguito sites were situated at a mean elevation of 300 feet above Mean Sea Level. cultural practices, since the sites identified as San Dieguito are isolated and on gravel terraces, and not a techno-complex preference for one elevational habitation over another. Again though this difference may also reflect paleo-hydrologic dif- ferences, groundwater and sources of groundwater would be dif- ferent than that today and site location may reflect this en- vironmental setting. This may reflect anglo agri- The mean distance from potable water is 0.4 mile. The greatest difference is one mile (Site W-915). The only Mexi- can era (American period) adobe on the survey area is the Or- tega Ranch House which was found at 320 feet above Mean Sea Level. Water is present adjacent to the adobe house. In summary, the La Costa property may hold the key for reassessing San Diego prehistory. Sophisticated research on pottery to determine the ethnicity of the late prehistoric population should be undertaken wherever possible. Research 77 I I 1 1 1 1 i I 1 I 1 I 1 8 1 1 1 I on sites such as W-149 and W-915 may lend credance to con- cepts which will fuse ethnicity between the La Jolla and San Dieguito complexes, or conversely research may substan- tiate their anonymity. Excavations at La Costa should only be conducted with a well-developed research plan and not simply as salvage. Salvage cannot obtain the information necessary to restructure local prehistory, but planned re- search will be able to prove or disprove several problem sets. 1 78 I 1 I I E 1 1 I 1 1 1 1 1 I 1 I 1 L. PROJECT CREW AND PERSONS AND ORGANIZATIONS CONSULTED 1. PROJECT CREW Russell L. Kaldenberg: Project Archaeologist M. Jay Hatley: Supervisor 1 Peter J. Ainsworth: Field Archaeologist Jo Anne Kinney: Field Archaeologist Harvey D. Hatley: Field Archaeologist William Matchett, 111: Field Archaeologist John R. Cook: Field Archaeologist Michael Angelo Casiola: Field Archaeologist Joanne Thompson: Production Specialist Royce B. Riggan, Jr: Biologist 1 2. REEXAMINATION OF SDM-W-918, SDM-W-981, AND SDM-W-182 IN JUNE 1976 Charles S. Bull: Project Director 79 3 e PERSONS CONSULTED Nancy Farrell U.C,R. Archaeological Research Unit N, Nelson Leonard, 111 U. C. R. Archaeological Research Unit Robert Crab tree Archaeological. Research Incor- porated Chester King Archaeological Consultant, San Jose, California Claude N. Warren University of Nevada, Las Vegas DL James R. Moriarty III university of San Diego Dr. Paul H, Ezell San Diego State University Patricia Helfman Scripps Institute of Oceanograp Herman Weigand Olivenhain resident John M. Fritz, Jr. U.C. Santa Cruz Irv Taylor U.C.R., Department of Anthropol Irv Roston La Costa Land Company William Rick Rick Engineering Company Robert Ladwig Rick Engineering Company Charles Bull Rick Environmental Consultants 4. ORGANIZATIONS CONSULTED San Diego Museum of Man San Diego State University Serra Museum 88 I 1 I I I I I I 1 I I 1 I I I 1 I M, REFERENCES CITED Bada, Jeffrey Le, R. A. Shroeder, and 6. F. Carter 1974 Mew Evidence for the Antiquity of Man in Nora America Deduced from Aspartic Acid Racemization. - In Science, I 184:791-793, Bancroft, Hubert Howe 1886 The Works of Hubert Howe Bancroft, Volume XVIII, Histoi of California, Volume 1, 1542-1800. Santa Barbara: Wallace Hebberd Baumhoff , Martin, and Robert Heizer 1965 Postglacial Climate and Archaeology in the Desert West, In The Quarternary of the United States. David Wright and Daniel Frey, editors. 697-707. New Haven, Yale University Press D - Bean, Lowell John and Katherine Siva Saubel Banning, Malki Museum Press. 1972 Temalpakh: Cahuilla Indian Knowledge and Usage of Plan1 Berger, Ranier 1975 Advances and Results in Radiocarbon Dating: Early Man in America. - In World Archaeology, 7(2):174-184. 1931 Anza's California Expeditions. In Historical Society Bolton, Herbert Eugene - Quarterly I 19 (3) :21O-219. Carter, George F. 1950 Evidence for Pleistocene Man in Southern California. I - In Geological Review, 50:84-102. 1952 Interglacial Artifacts from the San Diego Area. In - Southwest Journal of AnthropPogy, 8:444-456. 1954a More Evidence for Interglacial Man in America. In - New World Antiquity I 8 :1-4. 1954b An Interglacial Site at San Diego, California. - In The Master Key, 28:165-174. 1957 Pleistocene Man at San Diego, Baltimore: The John Hopkins Press. 1975 Field Guide--San Diego: Friends of the Pleistocene! 1975. Unpublished manuscript in hands of the author. 81 Crabtree, Robert H., Claude N. Warren, and D. L. True 1963 Archaeological Investigations at Batiquitos Lagoon, San Diego County, California. In University of Cali- fornia at Los Angeles Archaeological Survey Annual Report, 1962-1963., 319-349. Los Angeles: University of California Press. Cuero, Delfina 1968 The Autobiography of Delfina Cuero, as Told to Florenct Shipek. Los Angeles: Dawson's Book Shop. Davis, Emma Lou 1963 The Desert Culture of the Western Great Basin: A Life- way of Seasonal Transhumance. _. In American Antiquity, 29 (2) :202-212. 1964 An Archaeological Survey of Mono Lake Basin and Excava- tions of Two Rockshelters, Mono County, California. In The University of California Archaeological Survey Annual Reports, 1963-1964. 291-392. Los Angeles: University of California Press. 1968 Early Man in the Mojave Desert. In Early Man in Wester America. C. Irwin-Williams, editor. 42-47. Portales: Eastern New Mexico University Press. 1969 The Western Lithic Co-Tradition. In The Western Lithic Co-Tradition. E. L. Davis, C. W. Eott, and D. L. Weide. 11-78. San Diego: San Diego Museum of Man. 1973 Personal communication. 1974 Paleo-Indian Land Use Patterns at China Lake, Californi Pacific Coast Archaeological Society, 10:(2):56-73. Davis, Emma Lou, C. W. Brott, and D. L. Weide 1969 The Western Lithic Co-Tradition. In San Diego Museum of Man Paper No. 6, San Diego: SanDiego Museum of Man. Ezell, Paul H., and Russell L. Kaldenberg 1973 An Archaeological Survey of the Kachuck Property. Unpublished manuscript on file with the San Diego State University Department of Anthropology. Farrell, Nancy 1976 Reconnaissance of Recorded Archaeological Resources Within the Proposed Batiquitos Lagoon Regional Park. Unpublished manuscript in the hands of the author. 82 I I 1 I I I I 1 I II 1 I 1 1 I 1 1 Hedges, Ken 1967 Santa Ysabel Ethnobotany. Unpublished manuscript on file at the San Diego Museum of Man. E974 Ethnobotany. In Results of the Archaeological Mitiga- tion of Great Western Sites A and C, Located on the Proposed Rancho Park North Development Near Olivenhain, California. 170-183. Unpublished environmental impact report on file with the San Diego County Environmental Analysis Division. 1975 Notes on the Kumeyaay: A Problem of Identification. In The Journal of California Anthropology, 2(1):71-83. - Helfman, Patricia Masters 1976a Personal communication. 1976b Personal communication. John, Elizabeth A. €3. 1975 Storms Brewed in Other Men's Worlds: The Confrontation of Indians, Spanish and French in the Southwest, 1540-1795. College Station: Texas A and M, University Press - Kaldenberg, Russell L. 1974 The Results of A Five-Percent Archaeological Test Exca- vation at Santa Fe Glens (SDM-W-181-"A1') I Carlsbad, California. Unpublished manuscript on file at Rick Engineering, San Diego, California. 1975a Archaeological Investigations at Rancho Carrillo Estates, Carlsbad, California. Unpublished manuscript on file with the City of Carlsbad Planning Department. I 1975b Results of Two Five-Percent Archaeological Tests in San Diego County: A Study in the Success and Failures of Required Statistical Salvage Tests. Paper delivered to the Society for California Archaeology Annual Meetin! Santa Cruz, California. March 22, 1975. 1976 Paleo-Ethnological Change at Ranch Park North (SDM-W-49) San Eieyo County, California. Paper delivered to the 1976 Society for California Archaeology Annual Meeting, San Diego, California. Kaldenberg, Russell L. and Paul H. Ezell 1974 Results of the Archaeological Mitigation of Great Westei Sites A and C, Located on the Proposed Rancho Park Nortl Development Near Olivenhain, California. Unpublished manuscript in the hands of the author. 1 83 Kaldenberg, Russell L. and M. Jay Hatley 1974 The Archaeology of Green Valley Knolls: A La JOl Complex Shellfish Processing Site= ManuSCrlPt P: for La Costa Land Company, Carlsbad, California. hands of the author. Kelly, Charles 193 - Recollections of Charles Kelly, Serra Museum $la Kreiger, Alex D. 1953 Motes and News--Early Man. In American Antiquit - 29 (1) :100-101. Kroeber, A. L. 1925 Handbook of the Indians -of California. In Burea American Ethnology, Bulletin No. 78. Washington Smithsonian Institution. Lee, Melicent Humason 1937 Indians of the Oaks. Boston; Ginn and Company. May, Ronald V. 1972 A Survey of La Costa. Unpublished manuscript in of the author. Meighan, Clement W. 1954 A Late Complex in Southern California Prehistory Southwestern Journal of Anthroplogy, 10 (2) :255-21 Meighan, Clement, D. L. True, and Harvey Crew 1974 Excavations at Molpa. Los Angeles: University o California Press. Merrimam, C. Hart 1968 Village Names in Twelve California Mission Recorc In Reports of the University of California Archat Survey, edited by Robert F. Heizer, Los Angeles. 1961 The Coast Diegueno, San Diego's Historic Indian. - Moriarty, James R. I I11 Western Explorer, l(3) :9-21. Cultural Phase Divisions Suggested by Typological Change Coordinated with Stratigraphically Control Radiocarbon Dating in San Diego, In Anthropologi Journal of Canada, 4(4) :20-30. Transitional Pre-Desert Phase in San Diego County In Science, 155(3762) :553-555. 1968 The Environmental Variations of the Yuman Cultura Area of Southern California. In Quarterly Bullet of the Anthropological Association of Canada, 6(2 84 1966 - 1967 _. 1 I E 1 1 I 1 1969 The San Dieguito Complex: Suggested Environmental and Cultural Relationships. In Anthropological Journal of Canada, 7(3) :2-18. - 1975 Personal communication. Moriarty, James R., 111, and Herbert Minshall 1972 A New Pre-Desert Site Discovered Near Texas Street. In Anthropological Journal of Canada, 10 (3) : 10-13 = - Munz, Philip A. 1974 A Flora of Southern California. Berkeley: University of California Press. Munz, Philip A. and David D. Keck 1959 A California Flora. Berkeley: University of California Press. Orr, Philip C. 1968 Prehistory of Santa Rosa Island. Santa Barbara: E I 1976 Personal communication Santa Barbara Museum of Natural History. Perkins, Elioise Phillips, George Harwood 1975 Chiefs and Challengers. Indian Resistance and Coopera- tion in Southern California. Los Angeles: University of California Press. 1 I I I 1 I 1 1 I 1 Priestly, Herbert Ingram 1937 A Historical, Political and Natural Description of California by Pedro Fayes, Soldier of Spain (1972 edi- tion). Ramona, California: Ballena Press. Rogers, Malcolm J. 1929a Fieldnotes. 1929b The Stone Art of the San Dieguito Plateau. In - American Anthropologist, 31(3):454-467. 1936 Yuman Pottery Making. In San Diego Musem, of Man Paper 1945 An Outline of Yuman Prehistory. In Southwestern Journa Number 2. San Diego: San Diego Museum of Man. I of Anthropology l(2) :167-198. tana Cave, Arizona. Emil Haury, editor. Page 193. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press. 1950 Comments. In The Stratigraphy and Archaeology of Ven- 1958 San Dieguito Implements from the Terraces of the Rincon Pantxo and Rillito Drainage System. - In Kiva, 24(1):1- 85 Warren, Claude N. 1966 The San Dieguito Type Site: Me J. Rogers' 1938 Exca- vation on the San Diequits River, In San Diego Museum of Man Papers, No. 5. San Diego: SZ Diego Musezun of Man Press. 1967 The San Dieguito Complex: A Review and Hypothesis. In American Anthropologist, 32(2):168-185. - 1968 Cultural Tradition and Ecological Adaptation on the Southern California Coast., In Archaic Prehistory in the Western United States, Eastern New Mexico Contri- butions in Anthropology, Portales, l(3):l-14. Portales University of Eastern New Mexico Press. Warren, Claude N., and Max G. Pavesic 1963 Shell, Midden Analysis of Site SD1-603 and Ecological Implications for Cultural Development on Batiquitos Lagoon, San Diego County, Appendix I. In ArchaeoPogica Investigation at Batiquitos Lagoon p SanDiego County, California. Robert Crabtree, Claude N. Warren, and D. L. True! editors. 407-438. Los Angeles: University of California Press. Warren, Claude N. and D. L. True 1961 The San Dieguito and Its Place in California Prehistory - In Archaeological Survey Annual Report 1960-61, 246-338. Los Angeles: University of California Press. Warren, Claude N., D. L. True, and A. R. Eudey 1961 Early Gathering Complexes of Western San Diego County, California: Results and Interpretation of an Archaeo- logical Survey. 1960-1961. Press. In Archaeological Survey Annual Report 1-106, Los AngePes : University of Californ: Waterman, T. T. 1910 The Religious Practices of the Diequeno Indians, In - University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ethnology, Volume 8, Number 6. Berkeley University of California Press. Weigand, Herman 1974 Personal Communication Regarding the Recent History of Site A, and the Olivenhain Area. White, Raymond 1963 Luiseno Social Organization. In University of Cali- fornia Publications in AmericanArchaeology and Ethnolog Volume 48, Number 2. Berkeley: University of Cali- fornia Press. 86 1 1 1 I 1 I I 1 1 I 1 1 I 1 I I 1966 mcient Hunters of the Far West. San Diego: Union- Tribune Publishing Company. Rush, Philip S. 1965 Some Old Ranchos and Adobes. San Diego: Neyenesch Printers, Inc. Shumway, George, Carl L. Hubbs, and James R. Moriarty 1961 Scripps Estate Site, San Diego, California, A La Jollan Site Dated 5468-7370 Years Before the Present. - In Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences, 93(3) :37 Singer, Clay 1975 Personal Communication. Sparkman, Philip Stedman 1908 The Culture of the Luiseno Indians. In University of California Publications in Amerisa~Archaeslogy and Ethnologys Volume 8, Number 4. Berkeley: University I of California Press. Spier, Leslie 1923 Southern Diegueno Customs. In University of California Publications in American Archaeology and Ehtnology, Volume 20, Number 16. Berkeley: University of Cali- fornia Press. Taylor, R. E. 1975 Fluorine Diffusion: A New Dating Method for Chipped Lithic Material. - In World Archaeology I 7 (2) : 125-135. True, Delbert L. 1958 An Early Complex in San Diego County, California. _. In American Antiquity, 23~255-263. Tyson, Rose Noble Vita-Finzi, C., and Eric S. Higgs 1 1976 Personal Communication. 1970 Prehistoric Economy in the Mount Carmel Area of Palesti Site Catchment Analysis. toric Society, 36:b-37. - In Proceeding of the Prehis- Wallace, William J. 1955 1 11:214-230. A Suggested Chronology for Southern California Coastal Archaeology. & Southwestern Journal of Anthropology, a7 . Willey, Gordon R., and Philip Phillips 1955 Method and Theory in American Archaeology 11: Histori Developmental Interpretation. In American Anthropolc 57(4) :723-819. Witthoft, John 1955 Texas Street Artifacts. - In New World Antiquity, 2 (9) :132-133. Wormington, H. M. 1957 Ancient Man in North America. In The Denver Museum of Natural History Popular Series No. 4. Denver: The Peerless Printing Company. 88 5 I 1 1 i 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I APPENDIX I I I I I I I 1 I 1 1 I 1 I I 1 i AN ARCHAEOLOGICAE GLOSSARY FOR NON-ARCHAEOLOGISTS* ADOBE: A sun-dmried mud brick which uses straw as a binder. Also, buildings of such construction. ARTIFACT: A product of hunan workmanship. Commonly used by archaeologists in speaking of prehistoric tools, irrplements, etc, BEDROCK MORTARS: A cluster of concavities in a large sta- tionary rock used as containers for substances I being pounded and ground. COMPLEX: A group of related traits or characteristics that combine to form a complete activity, process, or cultural unit. Lithic complexes are identified by the presence of several key implement or tool types in association. Local complexes include the San Dieguito, La Jolla and Late Prehistoric, CORE : A stone from which flakes have been struck; a nu- cleus. Artifacts made from cores are called core tools. 1 FLAKE: A piece of stone removed from a larger stone by per- cussion or by pressure. Artifacts made from flakes are called flake tools. FLAKING STATION: A site where flakes were detached from cores for alteration into stone tools. GROUND STONE TOOLS: IN SITU: Term applied to an object found in its natural Tools smoothed by usage, position or place in the rock or earth in which it was first placed or formed. 1 LATE PREHISTORIC COMPLEX: In San Diego County, this complex is composed of the Kumeyaay in the south, the Luiseno in the north, the Cupeno near Warner's Springs and the Mountain Cahuilla near Riverside County. These people a11 possessed pottery and date from about 1000 A.D, LA JOELA COMPLEX: A seed-grinding, small game-hunting, shell- fish-gathering culture which occupied coastal San Diego County by 7500 B,P, 1-1 LITHIC; Of or pertaining to Stone; or an adjective Suffix denoting pertaining to or characteristic of a spe- cific stage in the use of stone, as Palaeolithic or Neolithic. MAN0 : A handstone used for grinding. Some writers use this name only for stones used with a backward and forward motion for grinding grains on a metate, others apply it to all handstones including those which are used with milling stones and which may be employed to grind seeds, paints, etc. METATE: A solid, plate-like stone used as a surface for processing food substances such as seeds and nuts, using a mano. use and artifactual material: a refuse deposit, MIDDEN: A cultural deposit normally containing organic ref- MILLING STONE: A stone slab on which a mano was rubbed with a rotary motion, producing a shallow bowl-shaped depression. Used primarily in the crushing and grinding of wild plant foods, PATINA (Patination): In an archaeological sense, the surface or surface crust produced on an object by weathering. PERCUSSION FLAKING: The technique of shaping a stone through removing flakes by blows struck with another stone or with a heavy bone or piece of wood. PORTABLE MORTAR: A stone, bowl-shaped utensil in which sub- stances are pounded and ground., Used with a pestle. PRESSURE FLAKING: The technique of shaping a stone by press- ing flakes from it by means of a pointed instrument, often made of bone or antler, which is forced against the edge of the stone. PROJECTILE POINT: An arrow point, spear point, or dart point (commonly called arrowhead). RETOUCH: A secondary removal of small flakes from a stone artifact for the purpose of sharpening or resharpen- ing the edge. QUARRY: An area from which stone material suitable for stone tool $reduction was obtained. The stone must have properties which make it easy to flake. 1-2 I I 1 I I i I I 1 I 1 I 1 1 I I 1 I . SAN DIEGUITB COWLEX: An assemblage of artifacts consisting sf Peaf-shaped points B cutting and scraping tools associated with coastal dwelling Pale@-Indians, Dates of coastal occupation range f~~ricg 80,000-7,500 BOP. SCRAPER: An artifact used for rasping or cleaning hides, bone, woadf etc. 31 archaeological referen~es unless other- wise specified these are usually sf stsne, They are named by the position of their cutting edge, as end scraperr side scraper; or by their shape, turtle back (flat on battom and rounded on top), snub-nosed or thumb scraper (thumb-shaped) and keel scraper (keel- shaped) e SERR~SIED: Notched or toothed QI-I the edge like a saw. SITE: En archaeology, areas of activity - habitation, food processing, tool making - where a prehistoric 091 his- toric people left evidence sf their behavior and CUB- ture - SLICK:: A smooth surface on a bedrock, usually granite or granodiorite, which has been used as a metate for for processing seeds, STONE ENCLOSURE: Stones which were stacked generally one OK two high in a circular pattern. These seem to have served as foundations for huts. TYPE: A particular kind of artifact in which several attri- butes combine in silch distinctive ways that an ar- chaeclogist can recognize it as being a distinct and separate category of artifacts. TERRACE: A benchlike feature, bordering a stream valley, which is a remnant of a former valley floor now dis- sected by the stream. When terraces occur in ser- ies in a steplike formation the highest is the oldest. WORKSHOP: A place where tools were manufactured from quarried material a *These definitions have been compiled and modified from a number sf sources including Worrnington (1957) I Hester (1975) I Kaldenberg (1375) , and the State of California Historic Registrq (1976) I I 1-3 I I 1 I 1 # I 1 I R 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I APPENDIX I1 INSTITUTIONAL SITE RECORDS FOR I LA COSTA (N<>vember 1974) * sxm FORM B *. T. I . DIEGO ~~-~~~ WIbERSIW . I. ( )SA% D36EGB PrnSZrnI OF PUN -.- *, ECON --=Sp--.- 3 ~~~~~~~~ OnCT TITLE - b, ~.E-ERE AXE NO RECORDZD SITES nr THE BHO~CT ARSA IN om ~~EES I TEE P’0LLQ:~ING SITE3 Am3 RECBRDZD %M d! WE THz $RoJ’ECT mEA: I SITE evious designatioi*Palm ~ree site) CWTU3E: ( )SAN DXEGUITO (‘)LA.JOLLAN [ )ICi’JEmAAY ( )OTHER 1’ c 8mEN T qP *ow- WPE : g )vaELAaE [ ICAzB%P p )I*lID:~zN ( )GraIXDIKa.c S”B’P0NS I I 1 )fiOCK ART ( IEur9IsL [ ]FLAKING STATIOET g 1 QUA3ZY -1 GOEt331~T flat beech with brolren stsnk awd-artifaatg. A feu sike~~s present. ~epth of siee un~~gonn~ - B SITE mi-704 1 . WLT’tTI:Z: ( )S.4lT DI3GUITQ k )LA JOLLFLX { ]KKarLY!&Y ( )OTI-IS:R COI4ME!T ~ecsrded 1;/”3/60 by lt’arren and True, - 5iiPE : ( IVTIJJNE Q )CAlIP (? )EIIDI>L“ (X )GRPI.P’UIR’@ STATIOIJ 1 1 1 ( IMXX dmT ( EUF~L ( )FLAKI~:S STP-TPON ( )Q,IJA\RRY. ( ?( a Q; OEiI IXK’ ea.41 slichtlv modified soil with chippiygwast end areas of artifact e~n~entraki~n; La-Solla typ 11-1 SITE SDd-705 /c CULTURE: ( )SAN DIEGUPTO (?)LA JOLLAN ( FKUMEYAAY ( )OTHER CQDIENT fiecoriled 1/7/68 bv Warren. TYPE: ( )VILLAGE ( )CAI@ (X)PIIDDEN ( )GRINDING STATIONS ( )ROCK ART ( )BURIAL ( )FLAKING STATION ( )QUARRY ( j COMMENT Located in Small rravel Dits. some 34 to 40 below the surface. Stratum of dark midden cc Shell -. SITE _(~al, A:~s= CULTURE: ( )SAN BIEGUITO ( )LA JOLLAN ( )XIJNEXA.AY ( )OTHER COMMENT -d 1/90/7? - TYPE: ( )VILLAGE ( )CAW (x)MIDDEN ( )3RINDING STATIONS ( )ROCK ART ( )BURIAL ( )FLAKING STATION ( )QUARRY ( )I P' Artifacts include scrapers, rei " COPDENT ~ypn d qitp Wynyi-Tv grin fop+. - of up to 30 cm. flakes , cores, hammerstone. ..-.-...D--r SITE I CULTURE : ( ISAN DIEGUITO ( )LA JOLLAN ( )KUMEYAAY ( )OTHER COlIWNT TYPE 2 [ )VILLAGE ( )CANP ( )MIDDEN ( )GRINDING STATIONS '- .( )ROCK ART ( )BURIAL ( )FLAKING STATION ( )QUARRY ( ) comm 1- su-0 &2+& 0 11-2 A- - - Islaglrn Page I of "p UltbW MbaLwewl wr IVIMIV 8350 El rad^. Balboa Park. San Diego. California 92d01, Tdephom (714) 239-2 I pEE? . I 1N-e of project: B,a Costa Ifaster Development Plan II I B I 1 I I 1 1 I i Sour@@ 06 ~~~~~$~~ Recon @;.;%Ea of Request: k1Let.t~~ ( elephona Q 3 In PC Date Request Received: NOV* 4, 1974 p Receiv ( ) %he Museum of Man files show no recorded sites for the project area. r&) me PPuseum sf Ifan files show the following sites @]within (x)h the vicinfty the project area. R Site No. hL4S Cdture(s):San Diemito 11. La Yo%la I1 and Yman HI1 (Kumevaav) Description: Cree k mawin terrace camp. No deDth or statiplrap>hv* Verv low shi Cant ent B Granite metates and manos Dresent. also sotterv sherds ~lnd Yuman 111 CuIture(s): San Diemito III. ~a JOII~ 11 andl Yman 1x1 (I<umeyaay) Site No. w-49 Description: All cnltnres about eenglPPv represented, Ili&~Pand empsi%@, Site 1 destroved bv erosione Site No. \$-go6 CuPturegs): San Diemito 11, La Jolla 11 and Yman 111 (Kwneyaay) Des~~iptLon: Sporadic prepottery campine siee, ~uman HII PIHghliand w-inker dlfe Maxim de~Peh of San Diemito 11 and La JoPBa I1 deposit originally f2", but Ctslture(s):San Diegutto HI and La JolPa HI 1 Site k90 k$-loa Description: Sarn Diemits I1 occaisiondly camped on 50' levelI left a thin-be La Jolla 11 camped up to 75" Bevel; left a 4"-E midden of Bow shell content. Site NO ehr-l 08 DeScriptiQXI: overed a Please note: me project area may contain archaeological resources in addition to tl noted above, This report is made from Sam Diego Musewn of Man ffles or and may not include data pertaining to localities other than those COVE in previous Museum of Man surveys or gathered by other institutions or 1 LndivPdua3.a. iksrd check by:hth T~~P~~' Date:xov. 5. 1974 Signed : ) 11-3 .. .D c- - .- ___ .... ........ ........ .... . .- .. .. ..... -- ................ . .__ . . -- ...... .... . , ., -. c ..* . . - . -___._ ________ I.. -_ ... -. . . .- ----- --- -.--- __ ......... ... .._-- ____._l__._ll_l .... __ _.___ .. ........ .- .. .. --- .----- ...-----I_ __-_,.___ ._. , . . - _. - .................. .., .. -. . arrowpoints, Site disturbed by plodng;- . _...'--- ............-.. ....... :.-.- _.._____ ... -'- - -.--. -- ------ - ---- --. --.-. __ ._ I __.___ .. .--__.. __ .-.- ____.--. _____ -- .-- -_ -.- --. ----.------ --.- .--- -- -.--. -- - -._.____. _I _,________.-, ..- --, . -." ___ -.- by cultivation activities; yman 111 deposit IO", also disturbed by plowing* Hi@' conten*, yman 111 granite metate3 preserit.------.~-----. --I__- ........... .-. .------. ---- _II- _--_-.____ ___,____-_ .. . _-. - . ._ ... .......... ___-- ........... , ............. 1 ............ Implements are not common. Land h midden -~th -medim shell and. CharCQd- cQXltS?nt *--- ................ ..___ .............. cultivated often. ............... ---- ~ ______-___ .. -___ . -. ..... -. -I--.. ------ -.- -I-.------ ____ - ___. ,- -.. __ ,___ ............................... -d--_____-- - - -_.. ... .. - .- . ___ - --_ __ _- .-=' ........... ... -_ - -. - - __ - ... .~ ..... -. - .. - .- -. - - - - .. .. . .- - -. .- .. .. -. .. ...... -.-- - -- --_ i - -. - . .- -0 -_-. . c -. - - -c -. - -'-- -. -_: . -._ -- - - -- .- --. - 11-4 WWM- L Paae 2 Of SAN DIEGO MUSEUM Of- MAN 1350 EI Prado. Balboa Park, San Diego, California 92101. Telephone (714) 239*2001 L b 1 u REPORT ON ARCHAEQLQGICAL SITE FILES RECORD SEARCH I Datre of Request : I Name of Project: La Costa Master Development Plan . Source of Request: Recon ( )Letter ( )Telephone ( 1 In P Date Request Received: ( )Map Received ( )Map Returned ( ) The Museum of Man files show no recorded sites for the project area. ( ) The Museum of Man files show the following sites ( )within ( )in the vicinity the project area. I I 1 I 1 D 1 1 i 1 i I I 8 Site No. w-109 Cultureb): San Diemito If (trace). La Jolla 11, and Yuman IT1 (1 Description: Highland winter accretion camp. Site No .x-$ .t 0 Culture(s): Sari D;~rr&tO I-. 1,~ Joll~ 11 an d Yu.man u ( KIlW I. Description:& Dippjt,n TT [Pa L~ wa 11 oc- Most, of +,he Y-yer U Int.er ne- Site No. 1~~147 Culture(s): Sari Diemito XI. La Jolfa TI. and Yuman I11 Description:P_ermanent occw ation - hv TJa Jolla TI. occaisional camninp bv San I of 117-110 to the? n orth. Low q Site No. 1j-149 Cultureb): La Jall~ TI. Yuman 111. and nossibly Luiseno Description:- area of d iffused camninp wl 'th a few concentmtions. La Jol are -ked to - ar I? as, but Y uman IT1 eamns are all over the vallev, .. Site No, ~-177 hltUre(S)Z8an Diedtn IT IT- 111 (tr ace - and Yum an PIT Descsiption:This $9 a - Uiem,ito TI sit,e cp€ -e: a - Diesito KT ova it on the south end frw W-lOe)t as does Y- Please note: The project area may contain archaeological resources in addition to t noted above. This report is made from San Diego Museum of Man files c and may not include data pertaining to localities other than those cov in previous Museum of Man surveys or gathered by other institutions 01 i individuals. Record check by: Ruth Tolles Date: Nov, 5, 1974 S igned : 11-5 - * i by pothuntem, M,J, Rogers felt this was a very important oite, But due to e~ntin~o~ agricultural usage was never able $0 excavater and charcoalaeontent, many manos and metateso W-149 the early 30's ranchers digging a well reported finding ash lenses and Tdprrey Pine cone at considerable depth under the valley floar. believed this to be a permanent highland cam^). here; much higher proportion sf fltrRes than tools. Blue felsite was nsed almost exclusive% Depth oF deposit varies between 1 2"- 1 8 " . -. 11-6 .t Page 3 g I- 1350 Ei Prado, Balboa Bark, San Diego, CMifornL 92101, T@leph~n@ (764) 23 I D * RT - OM ARC e Source sf R@qaest: est:: Q )Letter Q ~~~~~~~~~@ ( 1 1x3 Be Date Bequest lm eee$ved ( )I& Bame of project: 1,s ClCls%,B Wastrs De9rePopmew% Y I 11 2, me mseum of paan fifes show no reearded sites f~g the PZ:O~CC~ a.1~~ae e? Nuseurw of l%%lr% files show the fsHPo?dfwg sites ( ~~~~~~ Q )%n ehs vicinity I Site No. \$L180 I Site No. \jLl.8,% Site No. '(u'--%qo Please note: The project area may sontain areh9eoaogieal.~esoagees iw addition ts noted above, '%his report is made from San Diego Piuseurn sf Man files and way not iaclude data pertaining to hdiths other than those Ce in previous Museum of &in surveys or gathered by other institutions t individuals - i i i Record check by:a\ua'., Date:xov, 5. 1qq4 Signed : I 11-7 V s __- ___ 4- - - - _- . -_ __- -- -- .- ______--- -- -- I______ - -- ---- - .- ____ - _-_. - - ----- ____ __ _I __ - 3---- - I -- - - -- I_ - __ __ I-_ -- Enleinitas Grant Plateau, to be the center sf the greatest e~ncen%~atP0~1 of San Diem occupation in the county. _- - _---- .- -- - -____ - - _..--- -- ------- ._ - - ._ - midden with law shell content observedo -. - -- . - -- .- 11-8 1 Page 4 4 DIEGO MUSE 13550 El Prado, Balboa Park, San Diego, California 92108, %IeP$?QncFs l(n4) ZB-2 I I REPORT & ~~~~~~~~~~ SITE PILES RECORD SEARCH Source of Request: ( )hE!tEa?X ( )TdQphQne ( 1 &l 1 Date of Request: - Bate Request Wecatved:: Name of Project: ( 1 The Museum of files spaow thc EoI1owing Edkes ( ~~~~~~~ g >in zhe viein% Site EJo. w-563 - Kumeyaay Site No. w-659 Culture(s): mseriptionahqe stone stmcture approximately 60 feet long and 40 feet wi( kenat appears to have been an aboriginal forte Gri iphg slicksB pottery, brsskt cobbles; sweathouse floor. I I I I I I I 1 Site No. Culture (s) : Description: Site No. Culture (s) : - __ jl - - X - -_- -="I L..II*.-. -I-- - --._ - D DeSePPptEQn ." -- Please note: The project area may contain archaeological resources in addftion tc noted above, This report is made from San Diegs Museum of Mam file5 and may not helude data pertaining to Isealities other than those E in previous Museum of Man surveys or gathered by other institutions individuals B ReeopDd check by:r,m2. - ( TolB@s' Bate: s %gH%ed: 11-9 I 1 I 1 1 I 1 I 1 I I 1 I 1 I I 1 1 APPENDIX I11 HUMAN RXi1IAINS FROM I LA COSTA VICINITY a a, +J C z 1 v u1 m k k c k 8, a, 0 tF b-l rn a, 0 0 h % a p? p: E !! A c 8, a ri k fd -4 m 1 & :: & I & + 5 4 n z A a & n rn 1 I 1 I 1 1 I I i I I I 1 I I 1 I I I . APPENDIX IV BAR GRAPH DEPICTING TEMPORAL RELATIONSHIPS IN THE BATIQUITOS LAGOON AREA I I I I 1 I I I 1 I I 1 I II 1 1 I - l.c 1 BAR GRAPH DEPICTING TEMPORAL RELATIONSHIPS IN THE BATIQUITOS LAGOON AREA 1 (1976) mmmz f:f: f:f: 7 7 rgg aaal P- P- P- P ul UI PIb bb co P.6 I I I w P co 0 u Lo h, I P- OrnNPCncornDC) O\D OuP = OY wwwp - hr+ IV-1 I 1 I I I 1 I I 1 1 1 I I B I I I 1 I . APPENDIX V SUMMARIZED DATA ON RECORDED SITES IN THE VICINITY OF BACKBAY LA COSTA 1 I I I II i I 1 I I I I I 1 1 1 I I SUMMARIZED DATA ON RECORDED ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITES IN THE VICINITY OF BACKBAY LA COSTA A. THE SAN DIEGO MUSEUM OF MAN W-84. on a bluff above the lagoon, measuring approximately 800 by 250 feet. flakes, and large scrapers. Although the site has been culti- vated for several years, it appears to be relatively undisturbec The Santa Fe Railroad track cuts through the eastern one-third of the site, but has not affected the remaining portions. A light shell midden of undetermined depth located Artifacts located during the course of the survey - were manos, mano fragments, metate fragments, cores, large W-85. The northern portion of SDi-603. W-86. The southern portion of SDi-603. W-87. This site was recorded as a campsite with cobble hearths. No evidence was found in the location indicated by the San Diego Museum of Man. The bluff above was checked; a few pieces of shell were found, but no artifacts were observed. The recorded site area has been severely disturbed; if a site was present in this location, it has been destroyed. - - W-88. A light shell midden, 150 by 200 feet, located on a - bluff directly above the lagoon. This site displays the same array of artifacts as seen on the surface of W-84; manos, cores, flakes, and large scrapers. A sparse shell scatter separates W-84 and W-88, but they are distinct midden concentrations and should be considered as two sites. has not been otherwise disturbed. W-88 is in cultivation, but I W-89. The southern component of SDi-211. W-95. - This is believed to be the upper portion of SDi-211. The artifact description given by the San Diego Museum of Man is quite similar to that found at SDi-211. The recorded site location exhibited only occasional shell, and no artifacts were observed. This site will be included in the description for SDi-211. - v-1 . W-97. This site is described as cobble hearths; the’ Sari Diego Museum of Man records located it on a point of land at the base of the bluff at the lagoon shore. The site was either mislocated and belongs on the bluff top (in which ease it is part of SDi-211), or was accurately mapped and has been destroyc - W-98. Also recorded as SDi-691. W-99. Also recorded as SDi-694. W-100. Described as cobble hearths, no trace of this site was found. It may have been destroyed by grading for the road which skirts the north shore. __. 65-101. This site is separated from SDi-693 by a sparse shell scatter, and may be the northeastern extension of that site. The shell concentration is much less than that of SDi-69: A large scraper, hammerstone and four flakes were observed. W-102. This site consisted of cobble hearths; its location was not clearly defined. A historic cobble house foundation located on the alluvial plain may overlay the cobble hearths. A butte immediately west of this foundation exhibited some evidence of occupation and may be the actual site location; some shell, two flakes, and a quartzite core were observed. The entire hill has been heavily disturbed by motorcycles. In either case, this site has been destroyed. W-104. Also recorded as SDi-762. W-108. An extremely large habitation site situated along a ridge top, and approximately 2,000 feet long. The northern portion of the site has been somewhat disturbed by the construc- of the site is undistrubed and covered with chaparral. Very dense localized shell concentrations occur; the site depth approaches two feet. Mano fragments, one metate fragment, flakes, cores, scrapers (including one of chert), and a utilized flake were found. Pottery sherds were present throughout the site. The landowner, Mrs. Alice Lamplugh, has found numerous manos, metates, and pottery sherds over a period of several years. tion of three houses and driveways : the southern one-third Be DEPARTMENT OF ANTHROPOLOGY, SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY SDi-211. A shell midden on the bluff directly above the north shore of the lagoon. The artifact assemblage is similar to that of W-84 and W-88: cobble core tools, split cobble tools, choppers, flakes, and manos. Two areas of dark midden and heavy shell concentration at the north and south ends of the site are separated by a lighter midden with less shell. These two v-2 1 I 1 1 1 I 1 l 1 I I I I I 1 1 v- 3 I areas were designated W-95 (northern area) and W-89 (southern area) by the San Diego Musewn of Man records. There seems to be little justification for separating these two components. 1961 by UCLA as part of a salvage program for the San Diego Freeway construction (Crabtree et. al. 1963). No radiocarbon dates were obtained for the site. road cut. The site is 75 feet long; width cannot be determined since there are few surface indications. Six to 24 inches of alluvium cover the midden; the greatest depth of deposit is three feet. No artifacts were noted. Subsurface testing would be necessary to define the total extent of the deposit; a tentative decision regarding site area was made on the basis of occasional shell on the surface. The northern tip of this site was excavated in SDi-212. A shell midden exposed by the' La Costa Avenue i SDi-600. A shell midden 250 by 400 feet located on a low knoll adjacent to the lagoon. Only two artifacts were found: a mano and a large flake. Total depth of midden is not known; but is at least one foot. The concentration of shell and low artifact density suggest that this may have been a limited use SBi-601. A shell midden adjacent to the lagoon about 120 feet long and 30 feet at its widest. There is no surface indication for the western portion of the site, but a road cut reveals a midden depth of 1-1/2 inches. A sizable part of the site was destroyed by construction of the dirt access road. No artifacts were observed; one flake was found on the knoll above, This may have been a limited use site, possibly for the processing of shellfish. I site. SDi-602. A shell midden directly adjacent to the lagoon. Site area is approximately 60 by 80 feet, with a depth of one to 1-E/2 feet- The heaviest shell concentration is now under cultivation. No artifacts were observed. This may have been a shellfish collecting location. SDi-603, A large habitation site with shell midden up to 3-1/2 feet deep, Much of the southern portion of the site was destroyed by construction of the San Diego Freeway. A salvage excavation was conducted by a UCLA crew in 1961 (Crab- tree et. al. 1963). Radiocarbon dates obtained for two occupa- tion levels were 7300 - + 200 years and 3900 - f 200 years before the present, North of this street, an undeveloped field contains some shell, The site is currently bisected by La Costa Avenue. . although no artifacts were observed. Manos and flakes were found near the point of the bluff. Much of this part of the site is now under houses, driveways, or greenhouses and could not be thoroughly investigated. South of La Costa Avenue and west of the freeway on-ramp, a large section of SDi-603 is still intact. Although dense grass covered the ground surface, shell midden and severa artifacts were obsexved. These include mano fragments, cores, choppers and flakes. Fill has been placed over the midden at the southern end of the site, and houses constructed. The intact part of the site measures 400 by 250 feet. West of the freeway is a low area formerly used as a rest stop. W-86 (the San Diego Museum of Man designation which has been included in SDi-603) was shown on the site dis- tribution map obtained from the museum to extend to this low area. A U.S.G.S. quad from 1898 illustrates this area as la- goon; it therefore appears that this consists solely of fill. The site must have ended at the edge of the bluff, with possibli a narrow trash site between the bluff base and the water's edge. cut, no evidence of this site was observed. The site descrip- tion was written prior to construction of the San Diego Freeway. It is likely that any remaining portions of the midden are now under the freeway off-ramp to La Costa Avenue. Shell from this midden was radiocarbon dated at 3500 + 200 years before the present (Hubbs et. al. 1960). SDi-604. Recorded as a shell midden exposed in a road - SDi-607. This site was recorded as a shell midden three feet deep exposed in a road cut. Much of the bluff was removed, subsequent to these observations. Shell is present on the surfa where SDi-607 was located; it is clear, however, that these remains are not in situ, as shell is mixed with asphalt and concrete. This site can be considered to have been destroyed. -- SDi-608-609. A shell midden 1,350 feet long located on a low knoll northeast of the lagoon. El Camino Real cuts through the central portion of the site; the road cut reveals a midden ca. 1-1/2 to two feet deep. The portion to the east of El Camino Real has been destroyed by construction at Rancho La Costa. Midden to the west of the road is relatively undisturbed, Artifacts found on the surface were manos, metate fragments, cores, flakes, and a mortar rim fragment. Although originally recorded as two sites, the present road cut shows that the cen- tral portion of midden has been covered by fill. Bits of asphalt mixed with shell are found stratified over intact midden in v- 4 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 I 1 1 i 1 1 I I I 1 1 , the road cut and over the surface of the site, indicating move- ment of heavy equipment over the remaining site area during 1 road construction. SDi-610. No evidence of this site was found: the area has been graded away. SDi-612. A midden two feet deep and ca. 75 feet Bong in a road cut on the north side of La Costa Avenue. Surface indi- cations show that the midden extends 30 feet toward the lagoon. No midden was seen on the south bank of the road cut. NO arti- facts were noted. SDi-698. A shell midden at the bottom of the bluff, below SDi-211. Site area is about 200 by 50 feet; midden depth is 1-1/2 feet. This is very likely the trash area for SDi-211. No artifacts were observed. SDi-691. A shell midden located on a bluff above the lagoor Due to heavy ground cover, a thorough investigation of the surface could not be made. Those areas that were relatively clear of vegetation revealed concentrations of artifacts: six flakes, a large scraper, a hammerstone, and a granite mano fragment. Even though cultivated, this site is in very good condition, with the exception of the western edge which is badly eroded. The depth of deposit is not known. SDi-693. A road cut at the bottom of the bluff below SDi-691 reveals 3-1/2 to 4 feet of midden, with heavy shell concentration. No artifacts were observed. This may have been the trash area for SDi-691. SDi-692. This site was mislocated on original site records. It was relocated on a low knoll and consists of a very light shell scatter. No artifacts were observed. SDi-694. A large habitation site, extending for 1,200 feet along the top of a ridge at the north shore of the lagoon. The shell midden is at least one foot deep in a road cut at the southern edge of the site. Shell density varied considerabl but all areas of the site exhibit some shell. A variety of artifacts were found on the surface: metate fragments, manos, mano fragments, hammerstonest cores, a scraper plane, utilized flakes and flakes. Although almost the entire site is in culti- vation, it is in extremely good condition. v-5 I I I I 1 I 1 I I I I I 1 I I I 1 1 1 APPENDIX VI THE RESULTS OF MR. CHARLES BULL'S SITE DEFINITION ANALYSIS POST HOLE TEST DATA SHEET I 1 rn Organization: Project: Recorder : Data P P l coordinates from Datum; Bearing Dht. _- cultural Material in Side Wall: Indicate approximate st~ position of any side wal 1 material t Soil Changes: Q ---I I-----. 1 1 '' i I Hole abandoned due to: as: I 4 ,I I 38 I- t I 11 I1 1 I I 1 I 1 I I 1 I I 1 1 I Maximum Depth: Cultural hiaterial from Screen: :I 40 1 50 - \I 6o t j 70 '1 .i I II 80 L j N jI 90 I 1 Notes: I_ Indicate cultural and natural surface material below: I 4 'I [Om 100 I- C ma# , 5m List Symbols us 270 0 90 I Attachment 2. 180 VI-1 MUNSELL SOIL COLOR TABLE This table indicates the Munsell Soil Color as found in the postholes excavated on SDM-W-182. Posthole Distance Number Angle (meter) Munsell Soil Colo 1* 000 0 10 YR 4/2 2 210 20 10 YR 6/3 40 10 YR 6/4 3 210 4 210 60 10 YR 5/3 5 210 80 10 YR 6/3 6 210 100 10 YR 6/4 7 210 120 10 YR 6/4 8 210 140 10 YR 5/3 9 210 160 10 YR 6/3 10 210 180 10 YR 5/3 11 210 200 10 YR 5/3 (sub da. 11A 185 (from 11) 20 10 YR 6/3 11B 185 (") 40 10 YR 6/4 11c* 185 60 10 YR 4/3 11D* 185 80 18 YR 4/2 11E 185 100 10 YR 6/3 11F 185 120 10 YR 6/4 11H* 185 160 10 YR 3/2 11G 185 140 10 YR 5/3 * Possible midden areas ** Darknesses of 4/n are considered possible midden areas at tl location, Attachment 3. VI-2 ;. , .... _... " .- . . n - ..A , . .. , Attachment 4. This map indicates the size re-assessment of SDM-W-918 and SDM-W-919 p VI-3 1 j,*' *Vi+&&'* r£-y,*f- •>v"4 * :•;*'*". < " -r flfe* u ,, .*~^'>-l!& •/&."*"' -St^Vtr»' *» "**' " *ijl i"'j.^ ^f:'*-;mft fc^^'V* ^..r?^ -1 ^^j^t * ' ^ t^^ ^ ' ^ 'CX^H'^^di1"^ *<.#•*! ' "**"" * ^"'**• 4fe "-'^ - s ^^"^fe'w ^^nsi ^^ ' ^^f^ ^r*'; -?/ F^ - « r" ** CT*- J6»'. ^Js^lt *> * r^ Jto., >vs * ,. rt*1':ft*4'! ?f W,*;3lS$'3& '"> "**- , v •-- -" ">..."' • I-!.'.*- "If**-* "* -\--- v>-,*'"t ct A\^ ^.-. > ^fe A -/ •,-. '\K**. • ,-,»-•-1""^ .-t-*' «^«iSy ^^.f^i'v^ S * •V'^^a.i.lTc ""?-".* -A''*™ ..-'"S.»;<N' -^J-^ 4.A.-V, x^*>'it *-,*-• , t- •*•, •» *,»iil:_i?Si*r«'JK*-«' 'jsW-te**,!*. «•-«,. > %-V *S.»"fe,;i'''-2.«^-." , .-;«?».»'. -.A ^'^ -s^V-,,* ^•"».<>'-f • *•""** »% .?4»',,*«.J1" . '..%,--'.', ltfi«'S'J,a^,'^T *.^'*v/"•"--„'- ,-4 "3Pf".«18.%.«* r-*1Vv*..'"r ... ,' '•' . .f-.*t'«>i;i "" r-*»^,*fc". ..X. "* _«>..yv . " I I I I E LA COSTA MASTER PLAN AMENDMENT EXHIBIT A May 15, 1976 Prepared by: City of Carlsbad Planning Department 1200 Elm Avenue Carlsbad, California 92008 (714) 729-0620 From information supplied by: Jack Bevash Associates fl' . 1900 Avenue of the Stars ,U Suite 1750 Los Angeles, California 90067 ' . (213) 879-0603 It I I I I I La Costa Land Company Costa Del Mar Road Carlsbad, California, 92008 (714) 438-9111 RECON Rick Environmental Consultants 5620 Friers Road San Diego, California 92110 (714) 299-9125 Rick Engineering Company 3088 Pic Pico Drive Carlsbad, California 92008 (714) 729-4987 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section • Page' Conceptual Communities 1 Design Concepts and Programs. 7 Land Use . 11 Geologic and Seismic Safety,, Noise 13 Circulation 30 Parks and Open Space 33 Public Facilities.- '..... 37 D I I D 1 I I D I I D I I I I I I l!i I li 4 I |•nj kJ- El I I I Introduction This Master Plan document constitutes an amendment to and expansion of the La Costa Master Plan first adopted by the Carlsbad City Council September 5, 1972 (Ordinance 9322). The exhibits contained in this document reflect the total La Costa community (5300 acres). However, the policies and programs adopted in this text are applicable only to those lands zoned Planned Community (4026 acres). Included in this Master Plan Amendment are lands not previously a part of the*. La Costa Master Plan—El Camino Glens (436 acres), La Costa Northeast (132 acresK and Bressi Ranch (717 acres). Approval of this Master Plan Amendment replaces an app.-oved Master Plan on the latter property. Also included are two Planned Community areas with approved subdivision maps: Vale, and Estates North. APPROVAL OF THIS-MASTER PLAN INDICATES ACCEPTANCE BY THE CITY COUNCIL OF A GENERAL SCHEME OF DEVELOPMENT FOR THE PROPERTY. IT ALSO EXPRESSES MITIGA- TING MEASURES TO IMPACTS IDENTIFIED IN EIR-307. IT DOES NOT GUARANTEE THAT INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENTS WITHIN THE MASTER PLAN BOUNDARY WILL-BE APPROVED. INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENTS WILL BE EVALUATED IN ACCORD WITH MUNICIPAL ORDINANCES AND POLICIES IN FORCE AT THE TIME OF PLAN SUBMITTAL. APPROVAL AND CONSTRUCTION OF AN INDIVIDUAL DEVELOPMENT UNDER THIS MASTER PLAN WILL NOT VEST ANY DEVELOP- MENT RIGHTS IN THE BALANCE OF THE MASTER PLAN AREA. THE CITY OF CARLSBAD AND LA COSTA LAND COMPANY BOTH RESERVE THE RIGHT TO INITIATE AMENDMENTS TO THIS DOCUMENT. TO ENSURE THAT IT IS KEPT UP-TO-DATE, CITY STAFF SHALL PREPARE AN ANNUAL INFORMAL STATUS REPORT ON THE PROGRESS OF THE MASTER PLAN'S PROGRAMS. THE CITY SHALL CONDUCT A FORMAL REVIEW OF"THE DOCUMENT EVERY THREE YEARS. LA COSTA LAND jfi { CO. BOUNDARY Jj ifcrw MEADOWLARK RESORT ANDREC.AREA LA COSTA LAND CO BOUNDARIES EL CAMINO GLENS ANNEX SHADED AREA IS EXISTING "fcESOHT .COMMUNtTY * I I I I I I C I 0 I I I I - 2 - The Community Concepts of La Costa La Costa was begun in 1963 as an exclusive recreation and resort community. In recent years La Costa Land Company has turned its attention toward development of three new, more varied and diversified communities aimed at serving a heterogeneous population. The Existing La Costa Community The "resort community" includes the existing developed areas within and adjoining the golf course, tennis complex, the club, the hotel and spa. Included in this community are the Vale and Estates North developments covered by this-amendment. The community is bounded generally by El Camino Real on the west, the highlands'• overlooking the golf course south of La Costa Avenue, the upper elevations of La Costa Vale on the east, to San Marcos Canyon, and Estates North and Alga Hills on the north. The homes and condominiums within the resort complex orient towards and identify strongly with the resort-recreational elements at the heart of this community. Although many owners and users of the facilities are transient and seasonal visitors, there is a growing trend toward more . permanent residency. Adjacent to the resort elements lie a group of existing residential neighborhoods where the relationship to the resort facilities is more visual than real. Residents and owners in these neighborhoods overlook the open space and recreational facilities from the higher terrain elevations without significant participation in resort activities. These might include the .neighborhoods of Green Valley Knolls, La Costa South, La Costa Vale, Estates North, and La Costa Meadows. ^<sv — — ^>j&\ ALGA HILLS LA COSTA ESTATES NORTH .A-COJJA ^VALLEY. ALICANTE HILLS BS-5? COURTS7 COSTA VALE . £•• N I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I II c E I i t - 3 - I j I Ei E New La Costa Communities • The three new La Costa communities can best be identified by their direction from the resort community—La Costa North, La Costa Northeast, and La Costa Far South. La Costa North North of the resort community on a 717 acre parcel, La Costa proposes a new community which will focus on a new golf course and tennis facilities'. Because of the special and unusual topographic. configuration of this land, this community is self-contained with lands rising on all sides overlooking the valley areas in which golf facilities are to be developed. Emphasis will be placed on creating' another quality residential environment whose focus will be golf and tennis. Although it is envisioned as a community of primarily single- family, detached residences, provision is mad& in the community for a variety of housing types and densities, to allow diversity in family types, size, and life styles. Studies are now in progress as to the feasibility of including a lake in the valley area of this community. A related swim and sail club would add a new dimension for resident and owner participation. LA COSTA ,~ • «M>V » ADOU/S LARGE HOMES=»-^ LARGE HOMES LARGE HOMES TOWNHOUSES ALGA GLENS La Costa Northeast Another type of community is proposed for Rancho La Costa within the highland areas between the Meadows Community and San Marcos Canyon. A large-parcel ranch estate community , "The Rancheros", is planned to accommodate those who prefer more rural, open and natural terrain, with country atmosphere, lower densities, and the feeling of open space. In this community rural-type roads will fit the natural topography.and give access to predominantly larger ranch parcels. Hiking .and riding trails will be extended through the community, linking with upper San Marcos Canyon. On a pocket of land between the foothills of the Rancheros on the- west, the upper San Marcos Canyon on the south, and the Industrial Park facilities on the east, a neighborhood of lower priced homes of medium density is proposed. Moderately priced housing could be provided in this neighborhood for individuals who work in southeast Carlsbad. CLUSTERED/ LA COSTA ^Vr^ cpLARK AREA ~~<~ "~~* .MOBILE/ ' MODULAR HOMESmeADOuys RANCH STYLE HOMES. HERO5 RANCH STYLE HOMES D I I I I I I 1 I I I. I I I I I I 1 i I i Ii I I I ny. i i I t I I i !c - 5 - La Costa Far South At the far southern extremities of La Costa, out of the sight and sounds.of the resort community, are lands planned for a new and more diverse kind of community. Instead of the golf course and resort facilities of the Far North, a "string of parks" with playfields, bike paths, and a variety of passive and active recreational facflHies is proposed. The string of parks will traverse the comnunity from east to west, joining varied open spaces and recreation-areas, both active and passive, some public, some private, serving the neighborhoods, the community, and Carlsbad as well. Joining the string of parks in giving the Far South definition will 4 tbe the "Community Core". The Community Core will provide a center for community activities serving present and future residents of La Costa and LA COSTA SOUTH the developing properties to the south and east. In addition,- it may serve many residents of Carlsbad and the greater community at large through development of facilities which complement or broaden those already existing in other areas of the city and county. When completed the Community Core will be composed of well-integrated residential, commercial and institutional'structures and uses. While it i_s proposed that retail shops, restaurants, theatres, banking and offices be a part of the core, it is essential that public, quasi-public, religious, cultural and educational facilities be encouraged as well, to add vitality and meaning to this focal center. Several neighborhoods are planned in the Far South with a housing mix aimed at meeting the varied housing demands of the population expected in the years ahead. ^ PARK>"*r?£? •^^^ TOWNHOUSES ^S», * * ^^ SINGLE FAMILY ^ C3. <^ • . *•*• Cb MULTIPLE FAMILY ^ ^ ^^ SAMTA FE GLENS SANTA FF KNOLLS RANCH STYLE HOMES ' , n II I I I I I H y I I I I I I design concepts - 9 - I I I i E I E fL, I I C The character and design of Rancho La Costa have been well established since its early beginnings. Using a combination of building materials and rich, varied plant materials, La Costa has set a tone and quality fitting and compatible with the topography, climate and character of the area in which the community is being developed. Its character and design is strongly reflective of the Southern California look and draws heavily from the early Hispano- Mexican-American tradition. Several factors are involved in- continuing the distinct character and design of Rancho La Costa. First, La Costa Land Company has encouraged good design by setting good examples in the resort buildings it has constructed. This practice will be continued in the future. Second, good design is stimulated through the use of carefully drawn and enforced covenants, controls and restrictions (C.C.& R.s) which are administered by an Architectural Advisory and Control Committee established by La Costa Land Company. Guidelines are spelled out affecting such design factors as building materials, color and texture, building setbacks, screening, fencing, signing , lighting, plant materials and landscaping. Third, the character of the La Costa community is defined at its principal entrances. The principal entrances, to La Costa are from major arterial roads such as El Camino Real and Rancho Santa Fe Road. These arterial entrances will continue to give strong visual entry identification to La Costa. This identification is achieved by combining signing, lighting, and landscaping. As additional major entrances are opened to the new communities, they will be given similar treatment. La Costa Land Company has proposed a comprehensive sign program that will give directions and identify individual neighborhoods and communities. The proposed program includes size, location, aesthetic, and maintenance considerations. Finally, it is proposed that while all communities have a strong La Costa theme, each will have a separate and distinct identity, name and symbol reflecting its special design characteristics within the La Costa Community. In addition to these design programs, the following design conditions shall be adhered to in individual neighborhood developments: 11} Drought and &in.e.-tieAi&tant native. tand&caping bhatt. be. o&ed! in. the. pwje.ct an.ua. (2) A£C fiutusie. de.veZopme.nti> within the. Matte*. Plan o/tea &hatt utilize. uiheAnveA. fieMibte. the. fallowing eneJigy-taving te.ch- iu.qu.e4, &u.c.h a&: (a) An.c.hite.ctu*al design uohiah /teduae* window and dooi opening* and take* advantage, o^ winter. &un and bummex. &hade.; (6) In&ulation fan. aJUL &t/matafieA acwiding to State. &£andandi>; [c.) Sola*, heating ^01 both &pac.e. and wate/i heating; (d) Landscaping u&ing de.cu.duou& tn.e.u. [to &hade. in Aummet. and attoui tuntight in. laint&n.) and Design Conditions i i I I o i i i i land use - 12 - Introduction La Costa is planned as an integrated community with a variety of residential uses and densities, supported by commercial and office service areas, intermingled with park and open space corridors. This element describes these varied uses, their relationship to each other, and their development over time. Residential Communities The amended Master Plan proposes the following housing styles in the outlying communities: Dwellings per Acre* Single-family Detached Homes 0-4 Clustered Garden-type Townhouses '. 4-10 Mobile-Modular Homes 4-10 Large, Single-family Detached Homes 0-4 Ranch-style Homes • 0-1.5 'Multiple-unit Apartments and Condominiums 10-20 It -C5 the. -intent. o£ the. ame.nde.d Ma&teA. Plan to bx.oa.dw the. o£ e.x£&ting La Co&ta. to -in cJLuAi a. the. catty-ing aommunitiu; to piov-ide. a Q/ieateA variety opportunities -in these. -en Housing Objective * NOTE: Where specific numbers of dwellings are cited in this text, its exhibits and tables, they represent the maximum number allowable under 'this Master Plan amendment. Maximum densities are used for population/utility projection purposes only, and do not constitute development approval for that number of units. The actual number of units allowed in any area will be ap- proved in terms of the development conditions of this Master Plan and appli- cable City policies and ordinances. I I I D 0 I [I I I I 0 D I I I - 13 - I I I I I n ' lu I I I I La Costa North . ' The resort atmosphere of this community will appeal to the same housing market served by core La Costa—second-homeowners, visitors, and recreationalists. To achieve this atmosphere the majority of the community will be made up of large, single-family detached homes. These homes will front upon a major, private recreation facility, such a.s a new golf course extension, and/or a man-made lake with swim and sa'il .club. Clusters of townhouses will be located in several areas of flatter topography, while single-family homes, will over-look the open space and recreation features from the surrounding hillsides. Elementary schools will be developed to' serve the permanent residential population of the 'community. . . . Method of Development: La Costa Land Company proposes to sell the single-family lots on an individual basis or to selected builders for custom home construction. Development of the clustered garden-type townhouses will be accomplished through a series of developer packages. • • SUMMARY Maximum Large Home Units Maximum Townhouse Units Maximum Total Units Maximum Total Population 2400 1320 3720 10,104 See Appendix A for constants used in projections. LA COSTA NORTH /PARK SR——r^ LARGE HOMES CLUSTERED GARDEN-TYPE TOWHOUSES SAN MARCC CREEK PARFUERTE PARK WOT A PART- S.M-C.W.D.NOT A PART S.D.G.SE. 0 800 !600 2400 - H - La Costa Northeast • The topography of this community suggests that two distinct neighborhoods be created. The Master Plan accentuates these differences by proposing ranch- style homes on large land parcels on the hills overlooking San Marcos Canyon, and higher density clusters to the north and east. An elementary school will be developed in the northeastern corner of the community to serve the residential population. La Cos.ta Land Company may request approval to develop a mobile-modular home community in -the area designated for Clustered Garden Townhouse use. As such, any request will conform to normal City processing requirements for mobile-modular home parks (Section 21.42, Conditional Uses, C.M.C.). Method of Development: La Costa proposes to sell the ranch-style parcels on an individual basis for custom construction. Development of the clustered garden-type townhouses and multiple units will be accomplished through a series of developer packages. SUMMARY Maximum Ranch-style Units 513' • Maximum Townhouse & Mobile/Modular Units 1,320 Maximum Multiple Units . . 260 Maximum Total Units 2,093 • *Maximum Total Population 5,015 See Appendix A for constants used in projections. MULTIPLE UNITS RANCH-STYLE HOMES CLUSTERED GARDEN-TYPE TOWNHOUSES/MODULAR HOMES 0 600 J600 2400 SCALE IN FEET , SAWMASC CREEK P NOT A PART S.D.G.«E. / wr~^£^3==! • >:W^rvD ^^A\ I I 0 D 0 D I I 1 I I D I I I NOT A PART 0.0. C.M.W.D. .-.-.ELCAMINO GLENS \ - 15 - MULTIPLE UNITS H RANCH STYLfvHOMES HH SINGLE "FAMILY HOMES ^^ CLUSTERED GARDEN-TYPE TOWNHOUSES . .La Costa Far South It Is La Costa's intent to develop the Far South into a family- oriented community housing a heterogeneous population. The topography of the community and its major circulation 'corridors suggest the development of several distinct neighborhoods, linked by a "string of parks" and joined to a "community core". . Following the natural topography north-south and east-west will be belts of single-family detached housing, An area for ranch-style homes on large, natural land parcels will be set aside in the northeast. Areas of clustered garden-style, townhouses and multiple units will be located adjacent to major circulation corridors and service centers. A high school in the southeast corner, and three elementary schools will be developed to serve the residential popu- lation. . ' . Method of development: La Costa Land,Company proposes to sell major single-family subdivisions to developers for home package devel- opment within the approved Master Plan. Development of the ranch- style homes on'steeper terrain will be accomplished on a custom, lot by lot basis. Development of the townhouses and multiple units will be accomplished through a series of developer backages. SUMMARY • Maximum Single-family Detached Units Maximum Ranch-style Units Maximum Townhouse Units ' • Maximum Multiple Units Maximum Total Units Maximum Total Population 3,564 770 2,360 1,960 8,654 22,505 See Appendix A for constants.used in projections. La Costa Commercial, Office, and Institutional Areas .When completed, the La Costa development will include a variety of supportive uses. Residential It -L& the. JMwt o& thz amended Mcu>teA Plan to ptov.tde Support o^-cce and i.m>tUutiona£ AeAvlcu uM.ch wUJL t,eA\ie. the. Objective community, in location!, acce44-cb£e to La. Co&ta. iu-ide.nt&, La Co&ta. Proposed Outlying Community Service Centers Four areas are planned for future -service centers in the Far South. These areas can be .classified as travel service,. neighborhood commercial, and community core uses. Travel Service: Uses in these areas may include motels, service stations, restaurants, and other services oriented to the traveling public. Two areas have been designated in the amended Master Plan—the southeast corner of Mision Estancia East and Rancho Santa Fe Road; and an area on the east side of El Camino Real between Mision Estancia West and Olivenhain Road. Neighborhood Commercial: Use of this area may include a supermarket, drug store, and other uses serving a group of adjacent neighborhoods. Neighbor- hood commercial centers have been located on the north side of Mision Estancia West mid-way between El Camino Real and Rancho Santa Fe Road, and within the Community Core. Community Core: The Master Plan proposes a Community Core for a large area at the intersection of La Costa Avenue extension, easterly of Rancho Santa Fe Road. The Community Core may include townhouse and multiple-unit residences, restaurants, movie theaters, banks, a department store; financial, insurance and real estate offices; religious, personal and professional services. Additional space will be set aside for possible use as offices for public and quasi-public agencies, a library, or other cultural-educational facilities serving a broad segment of the North County population. The Community Core will be designed to serve the residents of the neighborhoods in the Far South, all of the other La Costa communities, as well as areas to the north and south. »Because of the integration of uses proposed for the Community Core, a site development plan for the area, except for the park site, will be submitted to the City for approval prior to development. I I I 0 I I I I I I I I I I I - 17 - C f -p f J .f I ^d 4^^"^ / ^._>" Ai \ i Wx^/'f:%^r==^ & ^—^T?^-^ ^4J X7^N§^> ' -- 5 GOLF. COURSE ^-- • ^*- ^ " <^— •** v\ vu; ^ Sr^-^S?*. ^;> ^ ^ Hi ACANY |L^^^^l^^ 7? &OT A PART L.C.W.D.*%>^ *""?.:--Xt?. .gi^CAMlNO GLENS \; -•"^•:>>.R4RK.,j V,.-«U/ :V- V.-.*&*% -v :» •:-.<.? \==ss^'^ ^T==t.3l««tHi r~ii)-STAGE COACH "<;i. PARK /wc\ ..--! OLIVEMHAIN. — RDAO OFFICE COMMERCIAL NEIGHBORHOOD COMMERCIAL TRAVEL SERVICE SPECIAL TREATMENT AREA (COMMUNITY CORE) -.18 - Parks & Open;Space Because they play such a major role in La Costa, Parks and Open Space are discussed at length in their own section. This section describes the relationship of Parks and Open Space to the other land uses in the amended Master Plan. It £i> thz intent o& the. amended Ma&te/i P.Lan to utilize, open 4pa.ce conju.donjt to de^-tne di&tinct. ne^ighbon.kood&t to u&e. ' tliejn 04 a meam o& pai-i-cve aceeii between ne^ighbofihooa^, and to p . Objective tlieAe. It 4A the. <inte.nt OjJ the. amended. Ma&teA Plan to &it a&-Lde. . . mLtaht.it. >Le.cJizationaJL aAeAi> fan. CUty ?a/di uAe., and to augment uiith p>u.v&t.e. niighbonhood paA/w and n.e.cA.zatLon to -tncAeuie mu.QhbonJn.ood c.oku-Lon and To meet these objectives La Costa has designated several important... open space corridors, strategic park and historical sites. These are identified in the Exhibit on the opposite page. In designing individual neighborhoods La Costa will include open space links and private park/ recreational sites in accordance with the criteria described in the Parks and Open Space section. -// >NOTA PART. y/ #{$!) S.D.G.4E. ft'^<«N^C.M.W.D. //<UV^$ft- . £1 ^/ / ALGAp.' /' .?/^fe>./7 HILLS. / ?/r Jl /^//^PARKV$•$£ I. ^ma» ' '*ir> * t*« T*. * .'»«*», •••*"-**•-.-•». ^ *v>s- p -jf. - W>^ ' GOLf 'c^"^^^ •• W\ ' *£*-^ "^^N \pA . ""'::!•••'^ EL CAMIWO GLENS \|\\ \\ ' i-ffrXSZliftARKr.-* M4\ "" " ". ,fr<a-i..«rii/" '••/' ^ I~ * I Access VISUAL £ COMMUNITY BUFFER I I I I 1 I I I I I I I I I I 1I I I I I I The development of the three future La Costa communities is projected to occur over a fifteen-year period. No plan can project the precise sequence in which the various neighborhoods comprising these communities will be constructed. At this time development can be projected to occur in three phases, each of approximately five years duration. Phasing It -L& the. Jintznt o£ the. amended Ma&teM. P£aw to dtLveJLop the. jec ive Qutiyjjtg £a Co&ta. comiminitleA Jin a. &e.qu.e.nc.e. o{, nejjjhbo'ikaodi,, Jin. a. manneA ai-iu/iouj the. prompt, 0(5 public. Based on this objective, the phasing for each community as it is now projected is outlined in the following pages. I I I L c - 19 - SUMMARY La Costa at Completion (calculated permitted Existing Resort1 Community* Single-family dwelling Units 2,066 Multiple-family dwelling Population Private Vehicles Students Gas Consumption (1000 CF/Mo.) Electrical Consumption (1000 KMH/Mo.) Solid Waste Generation (Ibs./day) - Sewage Generation (1000 GPD) Water Consumption Units 8,432 24,750 17,847 1,505 47,661 6,068 139,838 2,104 3,713 at maximum densities) + Future • La Costa Communities 7,247 7,220 37,625 24,593 3,040 65,680.1 13,972 212,581" 3,198 5,643.8 Total 9,313 15,652 62,375 42,440 4,545 65,727.8 20,040 352,419 5,, 302 9,357 (1000 GPD) + See Appendix A for constants used in projections. * Includes Vale and Estates North - 20 - La Costa North During Phase I, development of large, single-family detached homes will begin adjacent to Carrillo Way, and include development of the major private recreation facility and some townhouses. The development of large, single-family detached homes will continue during Phase II and include additional townhouses. Phase III will see the"completion of the large, single-family detached' home and townhouse neighborhoods. SUMMARY (calculated at maximum permitted densities)* Phase Phase Phase T , II • III Totals. Single-family dwelling Units 1,300 Multiple-family dwelling Units 440 Population Private Vehicles Students Gas Consumption (1000 CF/Mo) Electrical Consumption (1000 KWH/Ho) Solid Waste Generation (Ibj./day) . • Sewage Generation (1000 GPD) Water Consumption (1000 GPD) *See Appendix A for constants used in projections, 1,300 ; 440 4,868 2,958 460 7,899.6 1,005.7 9,831 413.8 730.2 672 200 2,456 1,482 236 3,958.9 504.0 4,927 . 208.8 368.4 428 680 2,780 0 1,884 . 203 5,030.3 640.4 6,260 236.3 417.0 . 2,400 1,320 1,0,104 ' 6,324 899 16,888.8 2,150.1 21,018 858.9 1,515.6 LA COSTA NORTH PARK, !••• INDICATES PHASE SAN MAR CREEK P> MOT A BARS.M.C.W.D.NOT A PART 800 J6CK3 2400 F us rs-cr D I I I B fl 1 I I I I I I I I _A COSTA MORTH PARK 0 800 1600 2400 "SCALE IN FEET INDICATES PHASE ^%""1 EN "^. 'V^™^^^y^%. - 21 - La Costa Northeast In Phase I the ranch-style homes on larger lots are expected to be developed. These homes are expected to be developed on natural terrain with minimal disturbance to existing topography, using rural standards and improve- ments. Equestrian facilities and trails systems will be developed to link the southern-portion of the property to San Marcos Canyon and extend north and south along the eastern boundary of La Costa. In addition.multi-family and mobile-modular homes will be developed below the foothills of the ranch-style homes eastward toward Melrose Avenue and the neighboring Industrial Park. During Phase II, development of clustered townhouses will commence on the northern area adjacent to the Carrillo property. During Phase III development of the townhouses and the multi-f.'imily units in the northwest will be completed. SUMMARY ' ' (calculated at maximum densities)* Single-family dwelling Units Multiple-family dwelling Units Population Private Vehicles Students Gas Consumption (1000 CF/Mo) Electrical Consumption •(1000 KWH/Mo) Solid Waste Generation Obs./day) Sewage Generation (1000 GPD) Water Consumption(1000 GPD) Phase I 513 700 3,079 2,062 234 5,507 701.1 6,853 261.7 461.9 Phase' II -- '620 1,364 1,054 63 t. 2,814.8 358.4 3,503 115,9. 204.6 Phase in ; » — 260 572 442 26 1,180.4 ' 150.3 1,469 48.6 85.8 Totals 513 1,580 5,015 3,558 323 9,502.2 1,209.8 11,825 426.2 752.3 *See.Appendix A for constants used in projection. ' -22 - La Costa Far South Phase I development will include the development of single-family and townhouse units adjacent El Camino Real, a portion of the community core, and single-family and townhouse units on both sides of Rancho Santa Fe Road. During Phase II townhouse and multiple units will be constructed on both sides of Mision Estancia West. The Community Core will be expanded, X and additional single-fanrTVy, townhouse, multiple umts, and ranch-style units will be constructed east of Rancho Santa Fe Road. Single-family and ranch-style homes will begin to appear in the north end of the community. V During Phase III the remaining residential areas of the Far South will be constructed. ; *; SUMMARY • .(calculated at maximum densities)* Phase Phase " Phase Single-family dweUing Units • Multiple- family dwelling Uni ts Population Private Vehicles Students Gas Consumption (1000 CF/Mo) Electrical Consumption (1000 KWH/Mo) Solid Waste Generation (Ibs./day) Sewage Generation (1000 GPD) Water Consumption (1000 GPD) I 1,526 2,720 10,562 7,218 761 19,276.8 2,454.2 23,990 897.8 1,584.3 II 2,355 870 8,982 5,484 840 14,646.0 . 1,864.6 18,227 763.5 1,347.3 III 452 730 2,962 2,009 217 5,366.3 683.2 6,678 251.8 444.3 Totals 4,334 4,320 22,506 14,711 1,818 39,289.1 5,002.0 48,895 1,913.1 3,375.9 See Appendix-A for constants used 1n projection. \l : ' "S^ - * • ~ • 4?\' ._j^ i^N ...I'- II J-*< Lr'^T'-^^T^s. ^Cl# /-NOTA PART j^ ^liJ} %^^^^|M^OE: . / 7*^*^1' / // "*'?"—• -»"^^' "• * N*Ok*«*V. * ^* • ft /S^///^.ALGA^.j.^§>; & ^f-'f-f^ff HILLS/v ^^S/ '. ?£!• &' J' /^^PARK7/ ^=^^C^f f•/ / ff>''f- ••? *r-'A- 4,3 w;.g? It %--S^lcf^•}J- 'x/ ••^•"' •v 'vt; ;^xiM? iis.?.^- • »*?>:mfe^-v.f^tl? T- INDICATES PHASE noise geologic & seismic so - 24 - Existing Geotechnical Ha'zards i La Costa is located in an area of diverse geology. While this diversity contributes to the natural beauty of the community, it also poses potential problems in developing parts of the community. The Exhibit on the opposite page shows the geotechnical conditions existing in La Costa. These include:\ - A landslide area at the head of San Marcos Canyon - Deep Alluvium soils in the Far.South and North - La Jolla Group soils, particularly in the Far South and North - Other relatively stable units, particularly in the Far South and Northeast. These conditions are translated .into Engineering Studies needed on pages 26-27. . None of the existfng geotechnical conditions within La Costa would preclude development. All of the community developments^ described in the Land Use Element can be made safe if approporiate engineering studies and construction techniques are followed. It i& the. intent o& the. amended MasteA Plan, to pn.ote.ct the. Geotechnical public &n.om eMth.qua.kej>, floods and otheA natuAal ha.zafl.di>, to avoid costly Aemedial construction due. to geologic conditions, and to insuAe that alterations to the. natuAal topography n.etain a natural appearance.. Safety Objective shatl be limited to the minimum areas necessary to Geotechnical accomplish the development permitted by the Master Plan. Safety Where grading impacts are faund to be excessive fan. the Conditions intensity of, planned/permitted development> alternative project designs or. Less intensive uses shall, be considered. 12) Vegetation-cleaning -operations shaJLl be. made no more than Jbao weeks in advance. °i Geotechnical Safety . Conditions (3) No grading shall, occur during the months of, NovembeA through March, except when special measures can be taken to control, sittatipn. This condition shall, be met to the satisfaction o{ the City Engineer. (4) Drainage facilities required by the City Engineer shatl be constructed concurrent with grading activities. • • (5) A££ graded surfaces shatl be watered and rotled to farm a compacted cap of, soil, of, optimum density. (6) Surfaces shatl be graded to direct runoff, toward planned drainages and, wherever possible, away f,rom cut-and-^itl stapes. • (7) Ground cover shatl be planted on appropriate slopes upon completion of, grading activities. This ground cover. shaJU. be, irrigated to the satisfaction of, the City Engineer -to maximize erosion control. IS) During construction, City Building and EngineeAing inspectors shall, ensure that all. waste chemicals [especially pcints, and lubricants] are properly contained and transported where they can be recycled or properly destroyed. (9) Prior to development of, any portion of, the Master. Plan area, that pontion shatl have the necessary engineering studies completed by a qualified engineer.. ~A.ny construction techniques recommended by the^studies .shaUL be utilized. » • The figures on pages 26-27 show what studies will need to be accomplished in each community to determine appropriate grading and construction techniques. Legend > -^j%&3 LANDSLIDES- Generally on north facing slopes along najor stream. DEEP ALLUVIUM- Relatively soft and compressible, saturated de- posits of silts, clays and sands, seismic and flood hazards. LA JOLLA GROUP- Highly susceptible to erosion; develops badlands , topography. OTHER GEOLOGIC UNITS- Relatively stable units; grading nay be difficult in ignous and metaiaorphic rocks. SS8J D I I I D I I I I I D I I I I LA COSTA NOKTH PARK 0 800 1600 :'400 SCALf IN fFFT SAN MARCOS CREEK PARK EXISTING 6EOTECHNICAL HAZARDS - 25 - a Area Terrace deposits, Alluvium east of El Camino- Real . La Jolla' Group Development Residential 4 Commercial Critical Structures Residential & Commercial Critical •Structures Igneous Rocks, Residential Metamorphic Rocks, • . Lusardi Formation, . Point Loma Formation . Critical Structures Landslides Residential Alluvium west of Residential El Camino Real Investigations.Needed - Routine Engineering Geologic Invest. - Routine Soil & Foundation Invest. - Routine Slope Stability Invest.4 Aral. - .Routine Seismic Hazard Invest. 4 AnaT. - Routine Erosion Control Invest. - Routine Engineering -Geologic Invest. - Routine Soil & Foundation Invest. - Routine Slope Stability Invest.4 Anal. - Detailed Seismic Hazard Invest.4 Anal. - Routine Erosion Control Invest. - Routine Engineering Geologic Invest. - Routine Soil & Foundation Invest. - Routine Slope Stability Invest. 4 Anal. - Routine Seismic Hazard Invest. 4 Anal. - Detailed Erosion Control Invest. . - Detailed Engineering Geologic Invest. - Routine Soil & Foundation Invest. - Detailed'siope Stability Invest.4 Anal. - Routine Seismic Hazard Invest.S Anal. - Detailed Erosion Control Invest. Detailed Engineering Geologic Invest. Detailed Seismic Hazard Invest.4Anal. Routine Slope Stability Invest. 4 Anal. Routine Soil & Foundation Invest. Detailed Geophysical Invest, to determine excavation char's of rock. Commercial ' - Detailed Engineering Geologic Invest. - Routine'Seismic Hazard Invest. 4 Aral. - Routine Slope Stability Invest.S Anal.--Routine Soil 4 Foundation Invest. - Detailed Geophysical Invest, to determine excavation char's of rocks. ' - Detailed Engineering Geologic Invest. - Detailed Seismic Hazard Invest.4 Anal. - Detailed Slope Stability Invest. 4 Anal. - Routine Soil 4 Foundation Invest. - Detailed Geophysical Invest, todetermine excavation char's of rocks. - Detailed Engineering Geologic Invest. - Detailed Slope Stability Invest.S Anal.- Detailed Soil 4 Foundation Invest. - Routine Seismic Hazard Invest.4 Anal. Detailed Soil and Foundation Invest. Routine Seismic Hazard Invest. 4 Anal. Routine Flooding Potential Invest. D I I 1 I I 1 I I I I I I I I mi mat LA COSTA NORTH .PARK 0 800 1600 SCALL IN FEFT ENGINEERING INVESTIGATIONS NEEDED. - 28 - • Noise A community with the variety and intensity of land uses planned for La Costa must make careful provisions to minimize its potential noise problems. It, i& the. intent 0(J the. amended Ma&ter Vitun. to provide and maintain.Noise Objective a healthy acow&tic environment {ox. oJUL La. Co&ta re&ident&. Land uses relate to notse in two ways: _ . - They can be particularly sensitive to excessive noise levels; or - They can generate noise levels excessive for surrounding land uses. Noise Sensitive Land Uses • The following l.and uses in the Master Plan are no.ise sensitive: • * - Residences» - Schools \ - Libraries - Passive Parks, Nature Areas - Auditoriums . ' . - Amphitheatres - Churches , .The planning of land uses in the Master Plan has taken into account these sensitive land uses. Minimizing noise impacts in residential areas can best be accomplished at the time of land subdivision/construction. School sites have been located away from major sources of traffic noise, and additionally must meet State Board of Education site selection requirements. Parks and open spaces have also generally been located away from the sources of traffic noise. The remaining sensitive uses have been grouped in the Community Core. Noise- sensitive Land Uses Conditions 1. Ml residence* and &chool& shall, be sited and constructed in such a manner that they mint City and applicable. Sate. noi&e standards in faon.ce at. the. time. ofa construction. 2. The. Community Coie. shall be designed, and individual buildings constructed, -in such a manneA that, noi&e sensitive uses are not subject to no-tie levels in. exceii o£ City and applicable. State, noi&e.' &tandaAd& in faon.ce. at the. time. o$ construction. Noise Generators The primary noise generators presently affecting or expected to affect La Costa are: - Highway and street noise - Offroad vehicle noise^ - Construction noise - Airport noise - Active parks To minimize the impacts of these noise generators the following policies will thall be. planned to a& to minimize, noi&e. be adhered to throughout La Costa. (7) The. location o$ impact* on Aen&itive, a/tea*. • (Z) Inc/teaied &'etback& and/on. &olid ban/iieAj, thall be. in&talled na.c.ut>aJuj to pn.ote.ct &en&itive. 04 e& adjoining majon. Aoadtcat/i. (3) Tn.a^ic fau.nctiont> &haJUL be. n.e.\iieiae.d ptiox. to load' dc&ign to minimize, the. need faon. e.x.cu&ive. biaking on. acceleration.. Ptuvate. n.oadtaayi> thall be. ke.pt in n.ea& enable. n.e.pain. to reduce tUie. noi&e.. {4} La Co&ta Land Company A hall po&t prohibition* again&t o^-road vehicle, a&e on itt> ptiivately owned land where, apptopniate.. (5) All con&tAaction in the. pn.oje.ct area. t>haJUL ocean, during nonmal daytime working hour& (7:00 A.M. to 4:30 P.M. Monday through Saturday} Noise Generator Conditions I I I I I I I I I 0 I I I I I r I I I I c i 0 c I I I circulation 0 - 30 - Introduction The circulation needs of the La Costa Community are as varied as the I I housing and neighborhood styles planned for. As described in the Conceptu- ™ alized Communities section, streets, bikeways, pedestrian, and equestrian ••D I paths have been located throughout the Master Plan area to reinforce indi- vidual neighborhood character. Bikeway and pedestrian paths have also been . _ located to promote their use for travel between neighborhoods within La if Costa. Finally, the La Costa circulation plan reflects the City of Carlsbad's General Plan Circulation Element, and its concern for a balanced, City-wide circulation system.^ . ' It ij> the. i.nte.nt o£ the. amended Ma&teM. Plan to pwvi.de. defined . I position* 0({ the. accompanying *t>ie.et, bikeiaay, pedutsiian and e.qu.utnian neJwonk* concusinent with the. de.veJLopment o£ indi.- • -i •, t-' vi.duaZ nziAhboihood*. It i& the. intznt o& the. amended Mai-te/i I^11 CLI i d t* on , ^^> Objective Plan to fiaciZitatz wheneveA po*&ible.,the< linking o& tho&e. bikeaaay*t pe.deAt>iian and e.qu.eAtnia.n path* to be. in*tall.ed in Butane, neigh- bonhovdi, itiitk tho&e. planned uicthin the. existing La to*ta. Community, . • • It Jut* fiu/itheA the. intent o{, the. amended ttaj>teji Plan, to design • circulation facilities and SLeJtat&d land aiei in *u.ch a. uay that I ovejiatt ejivinonmnntaJL impact* asie, minimized. I I I I I c • I I I 0 I II Street Program The La Costa Master Plan includes ten major streets shown in the City of Carlsbcd General Plan Circulation Element. These streets, their function, and their planned right-of-ways are the following: Street Function Right-of- May (feet) Carillo Way Alga Road Alicante Road . El Fuerte Street •' Mel rose Avenue La Costa Avenue Mision Estancia, East & West Olivenhain Road. Rancho Santa Fe Road El Camino Real Secondary Arterial Major Arterial Secondary Arterial Secondary Arterial Prime Arterial Secondary Arterial Secondary Arterial Major Arterial Major Arterial Prime Arterial 84 102 34 84 126 84 84 102 102 126 Streets and Transit Conditions (7) The property owner shatt dedicate, design, and construct alt public roads iit. such phases that adequate vehicular circulation is maintained throughout the community. • , (2) Except where modified to accommodate bikeways or pedestrian paths, att streets and roads shatt meet adopted City standards far vertical and hori.- . zon-tal cross.-sections wliich may be in farce at the time, o& development. (3) Tragic signalization shall be provided at street intersections at such times as tragic signals are warranted by City policy. Implementation ofr appropriate signalization shatt be accomplished in accordance with City Policy which is in farce at the tune o& development. {4} Direct access £rom single-family residential properties fronting onto arterial streets (S4 faet or greater) shall not be atlowed. (5) Median openings on prime (726 faot) and major (702 fact) arterial streets sliatt not occur closer than 1200 £eet apart except as approved by the City er.gineer. (•£) The use o^ private streets in lieu o£ iutt public access shatl be considered on a case-by-case basis at the time o{, development, providing that tlie private streets are constructed in confarmance with City standards. (7) La Costa Land Company shall take into consideration existing and potential public transit routes and stop locations in designing individual developments aithin the Master Plan area. (6) La Costa Land Company shall adhere, to policies o£ the City o& Carlsbad and the tJorth County Trans-Ut 'System pertaining to the. provisions oi transit {acitities. BIKE PATH .. PEDESTRIAN-BIKE PATH PEDESTRIAN PATH EQUESTRIAN TRAIL = =. = S.D-G.fE. EASEMENTS/ PEDESTRIAN LINKS LA COSTA'BOUNDARY MAJOR STREETS - 32 - Bikeway, Pedestrian, and Equestrian Program The La Costa Master Plan makes use of extensive bikeway and pedestrian netwo-ks to link the major service and recreation attractions of the Community. These networks-reflect both the City's Circulation policy of incorporating bikeways within or near all major and prime arterials, and the City's policy . of incorporating paths which are a minimum of 20 feet in width in open space corridors. Reflecting their more family-oriented neighborhoods, additional independent .bikeways are planned for La Costa Far South and Northeast. Finally, the rural atmosphere to be achieved in the Northeast will be heightened by , the provision of equestrian paths and facilities in that community. '{7) The. applicant shall design, and con&truct all bikeways in accordance, with the. Circulation Eleme.nt o£ the. General Plan o& the. City o& Carlsbad and the. &':ke. Route. Standards (Section 7-1000} o& the. State. o& California Highway Design Manual. [2) \ny modifications -to tlie. design o^ arterial stre.ets to accommodate, bikeiuays shall be. approve.d by the. City Engineer at the. time. o& a^ected or. ' adjoining nzighborliood de.velopme.nt. * (3) The. design and construction oi individual portions, o& the. Bikeivay and Pedestrian path networks shall be. accomplished at the. time. o& individual neighborhood de.velopme.nt. The. design shall take, into account the. natural features o£ the. area, and expected use. o£ the. paths. The. design shall be. approved by the. City Engineer and the. Parks and K.e.creation Director. Bikeway, (4) The. provision o<J separate, pedestrian path networks [20 £oot minimum andeStnan w"i^1' *haM- no* G-Ut-vt *h£ provision o& sidewalks within the. public Equestrian right-ofi-uxiy. Conditions ,t Citing o& individual portion*, 0& tint iqu.u&iian path [20 &cot minimum uiidtli) &hall be. ac.o.omplii>he.d at the. time. o& individual neighborhood de.velopme.nt. The. design &hatl take, into account the. notarial ^catuAei o^ the. a/iea and expected u&e. o& the. path*. The. duign thall be. approved by the. Pa/ifei and Reaneation Vite.ctoi. 16) The. p/iopeAty oumeA. bkoJUL provide, bike, polking ^acititieA at all majon j>eAvic.e. and Jtzcsieation an.eM> in. the. Matte*. Plan an^a. The. design and. location, oi thu>e. facilities &hall be. approved by the City EnginzeA. and ' and Recteatcow Vin.e£to*. at the. time. o{ development. I ILA COSTA BOUNDARY MAJOR STREETS BIKE PATH _ PEDESTRIAN-BIKE PATHB PEDESTRIAN PATH • EQUESTRIAN TRAIL S.D.G.CE. EASEMENTS/ PEDESTRIAN LINKS I B I I D I I 0 B B B B I 0 I I I I IT ny I I I I parks & open space c - 34 - The recreational emphasis of the existing resort community demonstrates the importance of parks and open space in all La Costa communities. Their importance in community definition was described in the land use section. However, the primary purpose of parks and open space in the new communities will continue to be recreation. Private, "satelite" recreation facilities will be established in the new communities as extensions of the core golf and tennis facilities-. In the Northeast and Far South increased emphasis will be placed on providing parks and open space geared to the more traditional family way of life. The provision of these facilities also corresponds with the policies and programs of the City of Carlsbad as described in the Parks and Recreation, and Open Space - Conservation Elements, of the City's General Plan. As discussed below, the provision of private facilities must be coordinated with the'provi- sion of public facilitie's"to ensure a complete, yet efficient, network of park and open space facilities. Parks It is the. intent o£ the. amended Master Plan to bit aa-i.de suitable recreation areas far City park use, and to au.gme.nt these parks with p . private neighborhood patio, and recreation facilities to increase Objective neighborhood cohesion and definition. (J) La Costa Land Company shall enter into a new mutual parks agree- ment with the City o& Carlsbad within 60 days o& the adoption o& the amended f-laster Plan. The agreement shall cover the time and method o& dedication o£ specific, parks in the general locations described below. (2) In the event a new mutual parks agreement is not adopted within Conditions 60 days o£ the adoption o£ the amended Master Plan, no'additional development plans shall be approved until this Master Plan is amended to incorporate alt provisions necessary to insure that adequate park facilities wilt be available, far the residents oi the La Costa. ,, community. Parks Conditions (3) In approving the. pank piovi&ion o& the. amended Ma&tfi Plan, the. City o£ CaJil&bad elecJ* to px.oc.eed puuuant to Section 20.44.110 o{ the CaJil&bad Municipal Code in utabli&hing pMvi&iom, £01 P&nh and RecAeation land and ^acilitiu within the La. Co&ta. Ma&tefi Plan Community. . • (4} lilheAe it i& judged nec.u&any by La Co&ta Land Company and the. City o£ CanJU,bad to •Supplement neighbofihood and community level pasik& in residential neighborhood!, expected, to include significant numbeu 0({ children, La Cobta. Land Company may at the time o£ development 6et aAide areu £or u*e cu> ptaylott,, mini-, or ve&t-pocket park& in a. manner defined in Table I/I o^ the City Parks and Recreation Element. Thete parks may be combined with private Aatelite recreation ^acitLtiu Credit (Jo/i the&e parks touurds compliance with the mutual parks agree- ment may^be granted La Cotta Land Company as pre&cribed in the Subdivision Ordinance o£ the City o£ Carlsbad. (5) Proposals £or private, Aatetite recreation facilities k'.wJUL be • . submitted to the City o£ Carlsbad {,or approval as part o{. the develop- ment o£ a neighborhood; or in the £orm o& a Conditional Use Permit % where the facilities are proposed £or an existing neighborhood. In all cases the location, design, and intended use o£ the facility shall complement its neighborhood. (6) An -cffiptovement program {or the proposed park program shall be ' developed by the City and La Costa Land Company to assure that park facilities are available concurrent with need. An interim agreement between the City and La Costa Land Company provided for the systematic dedication of land for public park purposes within the Master Plan area. The following three parks have been so provided for:-. ' * (a) Canyon Park (9 ± acres): Lots 271 and 272 of La Costa Vale #3 have 'beendedicated to the City of Carlsbad. . • (b) Fuerte Park (4 ± acres): A 4-acre portion of Lot 478, La Costa Meadows shall be dedicated to the City of Carlsbad for public parks purposes within 90 days of the approval of the amended Master Plan. The exact location shall be mutually determined by the City of Carlsbad Parks and Recreation Director and theLa Costa Land Company. (c) Alga Hills Park (5 nacres): Located south of Alga Road and west of the S.D.G.& E. transmission easement. The exact location shall have reasonable access to a^public,street. The final boundary shall be determined concurrent with the approval of the final map for the property known as Alga Hills. D I I D 0 D I I D D B D I I I - 36 - Open Space •The major open spaces in the existing La Costa community are the golf course and Sa.n Marcos Canyon. Additional open .spaces have been reserved throughout the Community. The" amended Master Plan includes a greater variety of open space in the three new communities. Visual, access, and community buffer open spaces fall into three levels of concern: ' Open Spaces of Major Public Concern — San M?.rcos Canyon and segments of the SDG & E easements. Open Spaces of Both Public and Private Concern -- Open spaces adjacent arterial streets, open spaces containing bike and pedestrian routes. Open Spaces of Private Concern — The golf course extension, open . . space used solely for community definition. (4) In addition to the. major open &pac.z arza& designated in the. amended Ma&teA Plan, individual de.velopme.ntt, within, the. Matter Plan arza &hall maximize, open area* band on thz Open ^oace " intent o£ the'amended Ha*ter Plan to utilize open Apace. Obiecti corridor* to define distinct neighborhood*, to u*e them a* a mean*J _ o& pa**ive accss* between neighborhood*, and to reserve *tsitiking geograpliic area* £or visual relief. (7) The. open *paces deA-tgna-ted -in the. Ma*ter Plan exhibit on., page 55 -*hall not be. interpreted a* precise representation* o& actual open *pace dim&n*ion*. The. dimension* o£ the. open spaces designated shall be. determined at tlie time. o& development o& the. neighbor- hood* in which they tie. and may be. varied provided they are consis- tent uiith the. intent o& thi& and other *ection* oi the. Ua*ter Plan, and on tlie ba*is o& the. Ge.neAai Plan o£ the. City o& CaA^&bad, iti> intptem&nting on.dinanc.u and poticiu. Open Space Conditions (2) Dedication and/or reservation o£ San Marco* Canyon, the cour*e extension, and other vi*ual, acces* and community open *pace* *hcwn in these Master Plan exhibit* *hall occur at . the -time 0|$ development OjJ adjoining neighborhood*. (3) In recognition o& the Saw Marco* Canyon Agreement between the City and La Co*ta Land Company, the developer *hall *ubmit a plan &or protic-tion o& tlie natural environment in the Canijon prior toapprovi^l o& individual development* adjacent to San Marco* Canyon. Thi* plan *hal£ include, where necessary, provi&ion* &or limiting access to the Canyon and shall be Aubject to the review and approval o& the Parks and (a] all riparian habitatt> a* defined in €1K 307 j>hall be. with significant numbers o& rare, plant(fa)all be (c.) all archeological or historic area* which cannot be satisfactorily mitigated prior to development *hall 6e_ covered or preserved a* open *pace; (d) all areas with exce**ive *lope* and extremely unstable, soil condition* (as identified in the detailed *oil and geologic investigation* required in the Geologic Safety section) shall be preserved a* open Apace.. '' Maintenance of Open Spaces and Parks . . Because significant amounts of public and private open space and park area are planned for in the Master Plan it is important that provisions be made for the maintenance of these areas. Maintenance responsibilities • • .correspond with the -levels of open space concern: Public Responsibility — Those' Tands dedicated to a public agency and for use by the General Public shoul'd bfe maintained by the public. Mixed Private/Public Responsibility -- Those lands benefiting both the general public and a specific group of private individuals should be maintained by a special maintenance program. These programs may include either a broad-based Homeowner's Association, a Special > Maintenance District, or other maintenance program approved by the City Manager and La Costa Land Company. Private Responsibility — Those lands clearly benefiting only a group of private individuals should be maintained by either a Homeowner's Association or by individuals. « •» ! La Costa Land Company and the City o& Carlsbad &hall address the following it,i,ues a* part of, an overall Open Space 1'faintanajfic.e Agreement: (a) the respon*ibilities o{ interested parties &or Maintenance maintaining the open * paces' de&ig noted in thi& amended Master Plan; Condition (fa) procedures &or determining the responsibilities o$ iiiterested parties £or maintaining any open spaces created in La Co*ta ccrmun- ities not designated in this Vaster Plan; (c) the procedures {or establishing timely maintenance o{ open spaces during development ' ' 0(J individual neighborhood* a* part o{, the Master Plan; and (d) the. levels o$ maintanance to be performed in each da** o£ open space. c I B Hb 0' L I C c I I I I (II '• i I!i.I l li La Costa Land Company proposes' the adoption of a permanent parks agreement with the City of Carlsbad. The agreement includes the dedication of approximately 43 additional acres. The general distribution and dedication of these lands are described below. However, specific parks may be increased or reduced in size, and located within % mile of the sites as shown on the accompanying exhibit, in conform- ance with the parks agreement. This may be done if the parks which result are substantially in conformance'with this Master Plan and the provisions of the Parks and Recreation Element of the Carlsbad'General Plan. (a) San Marcos Creek Park (5+ acres); The proposed park site is generally located adjacent to the San Marcos Water District treatment facility. The park shall be dedicated at-such time as any final map is approved in the area designated as La Costa Northeast. The exact location of this park shall be considered consis- tent with the amended Master Plan provided (i) it has-reasonable public access, suitable for public park purposes as defined in the Parks and Recreation ETement of the City's General Plan; (ii) the precis-'e location best augments the entrance .to San Marcos Canyon. * (b) Stagecoach Park (28 ± acres): The proposed park site is generally located south of Rancho Santa Fe Road and southerly of La Costa Avenue extension. The proposed Stagecoach Park will be a community-level park, precisely located at such time as Final maps are approved in the area known as Santa Fe Knolls. ..The proposed dedication-shall occur in increments as set forth in the permanent parks agreement. ' . (c) El Camino Glens Park (5 ± acres): The proposed park s'ite is generally located northerly of-Rancho del Ponderosa, in the vicinity of Mision Estancia West, east of El Camino Real, and west of Rancho Santa Fe Road. The precise location and timing of dedication will be determined at such time as the next final map (exclusive of Green Valley Knolls) -is approved in the area designated as Area Number 1 of La Costa Far South. (c) North Park (5 ± acres): The location of North Park has not been fully • evaluated. The park will generally be located in the northerly one-half of La Costc North in the vicinity of the proposed Carillo Way alignment. The precise location'and timing of dedication will be determined when a final map is approved in the northerly one-half of La Costa North. flfwlil^^ff t'l i^>H W3ss£SJHwsrijGOLF COURSE "^H% I er^If-^--4T A PART >K^^^^ S-/9-7& Access VISUAL ( COMMU»»TV BUFFER I I I I I I I c I I I o pu 1C facilities - 38 - When completed, La Costa will require a large supply of public facilities.i The installation of some of these facilities are the responsibility of the developer. Others are City or County-wide services available to La Costa residents. Pub! ' " " - '- cmzndzd MatteM. Via.n to zm,ux.e. that Facilities tzvzJU o£ aJLL pubtlc. £acsltitj.z& atiz auaJULabLi to la. Co&ta Objective Water eu> thzy dzvzlop. La Costa -is served by three water districts: the Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CKWD); Olivenhain Municipal Water District OMWD); and San Marcos County Water District (SMCWD). Adequate line and storage facilities exist to meet the current and immediate future water needs of La Costa. Cooperation between La Costa Land Company and the serving agencies will be needed to ensure the timely avai-1 ability of water during the latter development phases of the community. Phased water demands are given in the accompanying table. 0 La Cotta Land Company &katL mzzt aJLL tiZqiUAzmzntt o£ thz watzn. Water . du>ttu.c&> in'providing lOatzn. &znvi.c.z to neighborhood* at> thzyCondition dzvztop. Sewer La Costa is served by three sewer agencies: Leucadia County Water District (LCWD); SMCWD; and the City of Carlsbad (CC). Sewage from all three agencies is treated a.t the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility (EWPCF). While there is-sufficient capacity in the EWPCF for immediate and near future needs, the magnitude of the total La Costa Master Plan is such as to require staged enlargement of the regional treatment plant. As development is anticipated, it would be appropriate to coordinate with the servicing agency to insure sufficient capacity is available. .Phased sewage demands are given in the accompanying table. . ' P La Co&ta Land Company *haJUL mzzt aZJL n.zqiuJizmzn&> o{ thzoGWS i 'Condition di&t>ii.ctA in providing icz to nzighboihoodt ai> thzy dzvztop. Solid Waste • , Sol id waste from La Costa is collected and disposed of at the county-operated San Elijo Landfill by McDougas Sanitation Inc. The firm has indicated that it has adequate capacity to meet the anticipated demands of the proposed La Costa communities. Phased solid waste demands are given in the accompanying table. . Gas and Electricity . The San Diego Gas and Electric Company distributes natural gas and elec- tricity to the La Costa area. The future power demands of the La Costa community are within the long-range capacities of the'Company as presently foreseen.\ Phased energy demands are given in the accompanying table. Utilities A££ utiLLtiz* , - Condition ptazzd px.ov<L&ioni> ion. cab£z L&^on, &haJUL bz Flood Control The provision of storm drainage facilities throughout the La Costa area is necessary to avoid potential flooding from the San Marcos Canybn-Batiquitos Lagoon watershed. . Flood Control Condition La Co&ta Land Company &haLL mzzt aiZ. fLZqtuAzmznt& o& thz San County Qzpantmznt o£ Sanitation and flood Control and thz City o{ CanJU>bad £n ptu>v<iding {toad zontsiot {acitltlz& 'to nzighboxhood& as • * **thzy arm. dzvziopzd. I I I I I D 0 D I I D I I I i ny I I I I I c H'y I I I C C SUMKARY PHASED PUBLIC -FACILITY DEMAND Calculated at Maximum Permitted Densities + Number Dwelling •Units Popu- lation Gas 1000 CF/Mo. Electr. 1000 KWH/Mo. Solid Waste , Ibs./Day Total Sewer 1000 GPD L Sewer Districts (1000 GPD) LCWD CC SMCWD Total Water Districts Water (1000 GPD) 1000 GPD CMWD SMWD OMWD PHASE I La Costa North Northeast Far South Total, Phase I Total, Existing* Total, I & Ex. PHASE II La Costa North Northeast Far South Total; Phase II Total, I & Ex. Total, I, II & Ex. PHASE III La Costa North Northeast Far South Total, Phase III . Total, I, II & Ex. Total, I, III & Ex. Total Commercial Total , La Costa Commun.Buildout 1,740 .1,215 4,246 , 7,20110,498 17,699 872 620 3,226 4,718 17,699 22,417 1,108 260 1,182 2,550 22,417 24,967 24,967 4,868 3,079 10,562 18,509 24,750 43,259 2,456 1,364 8,982 12,802 43,259 56,061 2,780 572 2,962 6,314 56,061 62,375 62,375 7,899.6 5,507.0 19,276.8 32,683.4 47'. 7 32,731.1 3, .958. 9 2,814.8 14,646.0 21,419.7 32,731.1 54,150.8 5,030.3 1,180.4 5,366.3 11,577.0 54,150.8 65,727.8 65,727.8 1,005.7 701.1 2,454.2 4,161.0 6,068 10,229.0 504.0 358.4 1,864.6 2,727.0 10,229.0 12,956.0 640.4 150.3 683.2 1,473.9 12,956.0 14,429.9 6,353.8 20,783.7 27,504 17,396 59,675 104,575 139,838 244,413 f 13,876 7,707 50,748 72,331 244,413 316,744 15,707 3,232 16,735 35,674 316,744 352,418 10,010 413.8 261.7 897.8 1,573.3 2,104.0 3,677.3 208.8 115.9 763.5 1,088.2 3,677.3 4,765.5 236.3 48.6 251.8 536.7 4,765.5 5,302.2 844.3 362,428 84.32 51.00 897.77 1,033.09 2,103,75 3,136.84 — 669.63 . 669.63 3,136.84 3,806.47 164.14 4R Fi9 251 77 464.53 3,806.47 4,271.0 6,146.5 329.46 ; 210.72 3^9.46 329.46 208.76 93.84 302.60 329.46 632.07 7'2.17 72.17 632.07 704.23 210.72 210.72 115.94 115.94 210.72 326.66 326.66 326.66 730.2 461.9 1,584.3 2,776.4 3,712.5' 6,488.9 6,4-88.9 368.4 OrM fi£Ut . 0 1,347.3 1,920.3 6,488.9 8,409.2 417.0 «C Q ddd ? 947.1 8,409.2 9,356.3 no c c925.5 10,281.8 730.2 730.2 1,869.9 2,600.0 368.4 368. 4> 2,600.1 2,968.5 417.0 417.0 2,968.5 3,385.5 461 .9 461.9 573.6 ' 1,035.5 204.6 210.6 415.2 1,035.5 1,450.7 , 85,8 29.25 115.05 1,450.7 1,565.75 1,584.3 1,584.3 1,269.0 2^853.3 1,136.7 1,136.72,853.3 3,990.0 415.0 415.0 3,990.0 4,405.0 y + See Appendix A for constants used in projections. * Includes Vale & Estates North - 40 - Schools .' La Costa is currently served by five school districts: Carlsbad Unified School District (CUSD); Encinitas School District (EU); Rich-Mar Union School District (RU)rSan Dieguito Union High School District (SDUH): and Escondido Union High School District (EUH). On July 1, 1976 a. new district, the San Marcos Unified School District, will replace the Rich-Mar Union and Escondido Union.High School Districts. Ensuring the availability of school facilities as they are needed for La Costa children will require close cooperation between La Costa Land Company and these districts. La Costa Land Company,has ensured by agreement with each district that the Company will assist in providing facilities concurrent with need. Schools La. Co&ta. Land Company &haJUL compty uiith the. City o£ Ca>i£t>bad'& Condition paj,^c fac^tLtLeJ> ?otic.y by attuning continued cooperation with. JUU> tdnoot dl&t/u.ct& , and by the. tune£y. contribution o£ 4ucA land and/ on. a& may be.to the.the. Public Transit " •• In recognition of the future provision of transit services to the La Costa community, La Costa Land Company shall adhere to the policies stated in the Circulation Section regarding public transit. I I I I I 0 I I I D I I I I I n C I I H y I I I C 0 ny ny SUMMARY: PHASED SCHOOL DEMAND CALCULATED AT MAXIMUM PERMITTED DENSITIES + Multiple- School Districts (Grades^. Single-Family Family PHASE .1 La Costa North Northeast Far South Total Phase I Total Existing* Total , I & Ex. PHASE II La Costa North Northeast Far South Total Phase II Total, I & Ex. Total , I, II & Ex. PHASE III La Costa North Northeast Far South Total, Phase III Total , I, II & Ex. Total , I, III & Ex. (Buildout) Units 1,300 513 1,526 3,339 2,066 5,405 672 2,356 3,028 5,405 8,433 428 452 880 8,433 9,313 Units 440 700 2,720 3,860 8,432 12,292 j 200 620 870 1,690 12,292 13,982 680 260 730 1 ,670 13,982 15,652 Population 4,868 3,079 10,562 •18,509 24,750 43,259 2,456 1 ,364 8,982 12,802 43,259 * 56,061 2,780 572 2,962 6,314 56,061 62,375 SDUH - 7-12 - 407 407 558 965 421 ' 421 965 1,386 106 106 1,386 1,492 CU K-12 - 332 332 V- 47 ' 379 . 235 235 379 614 9 9 614 623 RO K-9 96 172 268 371 639 43 12 55 639 694 144 18 16 178 694 872 EU . K-6- 353 353 387 . 740 4'04 404 740 1,144 91 91 1,144 1,235 EUA 10-1 32 62 94 141 235 —19 4 23 235 258 52 ' 8 5 65 258 323 + See Appendix A for constants used in projections, * Includes Vale and Estates North General Government Fire Protection:. Fire protection for La Costa is provided by the City of Carlsbad from a temporary station on El Camino Real near Arena! Drive. Ultimate development in the City south of Palomar Airport Road and east of El Camino Real to Melrose may require the construction and manning of three permanent fine stations. These stations would be manned by 16 firefighters with three engines and one* truck. Police Protection: Police protection is provided by the City of Carlsbad -on a patrol basis. Ultimate development may warrant a police • substation in La Costa and additional patrol beats. If desired, a substation could be located in the Community Core. iLibraries: La Costa is served by the Carlsbad City Library and by the Encinitas branch of the San Diego County Library. These libraries combined meet the existing needs of La Costa residents.- Ultimate development of . La Co$ta will warrant the establishment of a branch City Library in the Community Core with a maximum size 10,000 square feet and a collection of eight to twelve thousand volumes. La Co&ta. Lund Company wM. vmik cJLo&uJLy uiith the. CiAy oi CcwJU,ba.d Government *° ma^e ^"^ avaJAahte. fan. GensiaJ. Govz/ume,nt aie -en the. Commu.nity Condition Co-te, on. eJLs,&ake/ui, eu> deemed n.e.e.ej>j>arm by the. City o^ CanJL&bad. I I I I I I I I D I I I I I . 0. \ master developrr c Earlsbad, califc RBI 7' JACK INAM I AI#CIATII L0I-I CA PRlPAMD 1Y: MCK INQINIMINQ COMPANY- 1)- -0 PIC MCK ~iRONWINl'AL CQmULTANTI -W10 - ~Slc1suucr m b- P M!i e i t ! I :I t