HomeMy WebLinkAbout1981-02-24; City Council; 6497-1; Adoption of 1979 Edition Uniform Fire Codera(
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CITY OF CARLSBA,1D.
AGENDA BILL NO. /,0 .�,r:Yz��• A / Initial:
Dept. Hd.
DATE: FEBRUARY 24, 1981 C. Atty.y r�
DEPARTMENT: FIRE - THOMPSON/WATSON C. Mgr.
Subj ect :
ADOPTION OF THE 1979 EDITION OF THE UNIFORM FIRE CODE
Statement of the Matter
Ai the workshop of January 27, 1981, the fire and building
departments presented for adoption the 179 Edition of the Uni-
form Building and Fire Codes with certain amendments.
At the conclusion of the workshop -the Council identified three
areas of concern: Building Permit Fee Schedule, Fire Retardant
Roofs and Sprinkler Systems. Staff was directed to return with
more information on these subjects.
The fire department feels there is substantial justification for
adopting- the sprinkler and roof amendments.
CARTNKT.F.RS
1. Sprinklered buildings are safer for occupants.
2. Sprinklers are 95% effective in extinguishing or controlling
fires until the fire department arrives.
3. Sprinklers are cost effective as they reduce insurance
premiums and generally amortize themselves in three to ten
years.
4. Fire Department has limited capabilities to combat large fires.
5. Sprinklered buildings would reduce future fire department
levels of manning.
6, Sprinklers reduce fire loss thereby financial loss from
business interruption.
FIRE RETARDANT ROOFS
1. Fire department has limited capabilities to fight major fires
that spread from building to building during high winds.
2. The third major cause of conflagration is fire spreading
by means of combustible roofs.
3. There is a wide variety of roof coveringp that are non-
combustible which need not cost more than the combustible
shake or shingle roof.
4. Danger from combustible roofs will intensify as the City
develops.
AGENDA BILL NO. N
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FISCAL IMPACT
The adoption and enforcement of the '79 Edition of the Uniform
Fire Code is not expected to generate any significant increase
in cost. The sprinkler/fire retardant roof amendments to the
Uniform Building Code will:
1. Require additional staff time in plan checking and on -site
inspections of the systems.
2. Will increase builder's costs up front but ultimately will
save on insurance premiums.
3. Fire Retardant roofs may or may not cost more, depending
on the roof covering selected.
EXHIBITS
1. Ordinance No. ap .� repealing Chapters 17.04,
17.08, 17.12 anA4P � d adopting the 1979 Edition of the
Uniform Fire Code, with amendments.
2. Analysis of local amendments.
3. Memorandum to City Manager with attachments,
RECOMMENDATION
That the City Council introduce Ordinance No.
and set for public hearing as required by state law.
Council Action:
2-24-81 Council introduced Ordinance No. 2035, and directed staff to notice the
matter for public hearing.
3-17-81 Ccyancil adopted Ordinance No. 2035.
CARLSBAD FIRE DEPARTMENT
MEMORANDUM
TO: FRANK ALESHIRE, CITY MANAGER DATE: 2-9-81
FROM: FIRE DEPARTMENT - CHIEF THOMPSON
SUBJECT: SPRINKLERS AND FIRE RETARDANT ROOFS
The following information is in response to Council's request
for more information on the feasibility of requiring fire
retardant roofs and sprinklers in buildings over 10,000 square
feet.
Carlsbad has, in the past, amended the Uniform Building and
Fire Codes to some degree, but by and large the amount of
built-in protection is only that required by the minimum
standard.
The fire department feels there are several reasons for, and
resultant benefits to the community from adopting the sprinkler
and fire retardant roof amendments to the Uniform Building Code.
The most frequent type of structure fires in the past have been
single family dwellings. The fire department has been able to
move fairly quickly up to and into the fire area and gain quick
control, with a minimum of loss. Exposure to adjacent build-
ings and fire spreading from building to building has not been
a factor.
As the City develops, there will be a shift from single family
dwellings on large lots to much higher density tracts and
apartment/condominium type structures. The closeness of
buildings with wood roofs and the large condominium buildings,
which generally do not have easy access, will place a tremendous
strain on the department's resources.
Sprinklered buildings offer a tremendous amount of safety to the
occupants. The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA)
records show that there have been perhaps only a dozen cases
in which occupants have been killed by fire in fully sprinklered
buildings. In nearly every such case the individual was the
object of the fire through having his clothing ignite.
Sprinklers have an expellent record. They have proven to be
95% effective. In 6 out of 10 cases, according to NFPA records
they extinguish fires without any human assistance; in the other
instances they held the fire in check until the fire department's
arrival.
I-.
CFD/City Manager Memo -2- 2-9-81
The cost to the builder for installing sprinklers varies
according to the type of building; i.e., apartment, ware-
house or shopping center. The dollar cost can range from
.904 to $1.75 per square foot. Sprinkler systems are recog-
nized as being cost effective as the insurance premiums are
greatly reduced and the system will generally amortize over
a period of from three to ten years.
Another benefit to the community is that sprinklers reduce
the fire loss, thereby reducing the time of business inter-
ruption, and a reduction in the economic impact on she
community by the loss of jobs and revenue.
Ile can anticipate a direct cost benefit to the City in the
future by the reducing of manning levels in the fire depart-
ment. In order for the fire department to effectively handle
a major fire in a building of 10,000 square feet it would re-
quire nearly double the present combat forces. The addition
of one fully manned unit has a price tag of approximately
$250,000 annually.
Carlsbad, as most communities, does not have the capabilities
to combat fires spreading due to high winds and combustible
wood roofs. The use of combustible wood roofs is the third
ranking cause of conflagrations according to NFPA records.
The question as to the cost of fire retardant roofs - it may
or may not cost more depending on the alternative the builder
elects as a roof covering. There is a variety of roof cover-
ings that are non-combustible and need not cost more than the
shake or shingle roof.
The fire department feels that the community can not only
manage their fire losses by the adoption of the sprinkler and
fire retardant roof amendments but can also define what level
of service the City will or can provide and what level of
built-in protection must be provided by the private sector.
With the ever -rising costs of fire equipment and personnel, we
feel that a reasonable solution could be to maintain minimal
fire combat forces and build into the community necessary fire
protection to manage the fire problem.
son
AtE chments:
Details of Community Fire Problem
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COMMUNITY FIRE PROBLEM
A. COMMUNITY PUBLIC SAFETY GOAL
To create and maintain an environment in which people
can live healthfully, move about safely, and feel con-
fident that they and their property are protected from
har:q and the hazards of fire and to accomplish this
goal with the least amount of dollar cost to the citizens
of Carlsbad.
B. PRESENT FIRE SITUATION
At this time exposure to loss of life by fire in Carlsbad
is relatively slight overall, but there are a number of
prominent exceptions in older apartments and occuppncies.
The fire department presently is equipped to handle most
routine fires in small facilities and single family
residences. The fire department would presently be
hampered by lack of manninb and equipment to simultaneous-
ly perform firefighting and rescue ;pork or to confine
large fires that have progressed to the flashover stage
(full involvement) .
The most frequent type of structure fi.-s in the past
have been single family dwellings of approximately 1000
to 3000 sq. ft. The fire department has generally been
able to move fairly quickly up to and into the fire area
and gain quick control. Exposures to adjacent buildings,
because of set -backs, have kept fires from spreading from
building to building.
C. FUTURE FIRE SITUATION
As anticipated, there is a shift from single family
dwelling with adequate side yards to the much higher
density tracts and to apartment/condominium types.
With this shift in density, although the initial square
footage of the individual apartment or dwelling (800-2000)
may be smaller, we can anticipate responding to more
st :us fires resulting in higher, losses.
The closeness of buildings with wood roofs and the large
"condominium and apartratl-n,le"bu ldingi, "ivhich g'eirerally do.
not have easy access, poses a great strain on the re-
sources of the fire department and as the City grows
there will be tz-.nendous need for more fire equipment
and com-at forces to manage these fires.
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COMMUNITY FIRE PROBLEM, contd.
D. COMMUNITY CHOICES
With the advance of the state-of-the-art of built-in
fire protection and suppression equipment, communities
are beginning to have some choices and may now be in a
position to begin to "manage their fire losses". That
is, we can define what level of service we can or will
provide and what level of built-in protection must be
provided by the private sector.
With the continuing struggle to meet the City's needs
with limited funds and the ever -rising costs to provide
adequate fire protection, we feel that a reasonable
solution could be to elect to maintain minimal fire
combat forces and build into the community necessary
fire protection to manage the fire problem.
E. FIRE DEPARTMENT COMBAT CAPABILITIES $ LEVELS OF SERVICE
Determining a department's fire combat capabilities is
based on many things; however, one yardstick commonly
used is to determine how much water the department can
deliver on a fire in a given time period with on-du.'y
forces. From studies and formulas used around the
country and our own testing we find that we can deliver
between 780 and 1800 gallons per minute (GPM) depending
on how many hos-: lines are necessary or depending on
whether the building is so involved that the fire is
attacked from the exterior using large master streams.
Another measurement of service is the time required
from the citizen's call for help until help arrives.
Probably from the citizen's point of view, response
time is the most meaningful criteria of service provided.
However, response time does not address the degree of
effectiveness of the first unit to arrive. For example,
if the first unit arrives with two firefighters and 20
will be .required to combat the fire, it will not be
controlled until other fire units and personnel arrive.
But in the eyes of requesting citizens the importance
of arrival of that first unit is critical.
Response time levels of service are in direct relation-
ship to the number cif and location of fire stations.
The proper balance for a community lies somewhere
between having a fire station on every corner and a
single fire station. The size of the community in square
miles and types of terrain are also factors.
/7
COMMUNITY FIRE PROBLEM, contd.
(3)
Because fire can expand at a rate of 50 times its volume
per minute, the time from ignition to the application
of water is critical and has a direct relationship to
the fire loss incurred and the gallons per minute of
water necessary for control.
F. DETERMINING FIRE FLOW
The determination of how much water is necessary to
extinguish a fire is not an exact science. According
to a formula developed by the National Fire Protection
Association (NFPA), it takes 2-4 gallons to extinguish
100 cubic feet of fire area. The variables are the
properties of the burning material and type of build-
ing. For example: a lumber yard fire; master streams,
delivering large quantities of water, can be employed
effectively. Even though they have limited maneuvera-
bility, they work well on open fires where larger amounts
of water can be deployed directly onto the fire. On the
other hand, on a spreading attic fire they are not
effective, as this type of fire, though needing fewer
GPM's requires more personnel to ladder the building
and direct hose lines over and under and ahead of the
fire to gain control.
With all the variables in the NFPA formula if we were to
use the 3 gallons per minute to extinguish 100 cubic ft.
of fire area, we can determine the quantity of water it
will take to extinguish a fire in a fully involved 10,000
sq. ft. building. A 10,000 sq. ft. building has 100,000
cubic feet. Multiplied by .03 GPM we find it would re-
quire 3000 gallons per minute to control this fire;
approximately twice our present capabilities.
G. RESPONSE TIME
A look at the time, temperature curve provides insight
to the critical nature of response time.
TTMF_TFMPFRATTmP (9TRvR
90
(MINUTES)
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(4)
COMMUNITY FIRE PROBLEM, contd.
G. In a fire, there is a phenomenon which is termed
"flashover". Depending upon the makeup of the com-
bustible material "flashover" occurs when temperatures
reach between 800 and 1200 degrees, and a large amount
of combustible vapors ignite or "flash" and the fire
area is instantly and considerably enlarged with ex-
plosive force and makes interior firefighting impossible.
The objective is to begin fire suppression operation
(putting water on the fire) prior to flashover.
In looking at the normal fire spread curve we see that
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the time between ignition and flashover is approximately
10 minutes. Again, the objective is to have water on
the fire prior to flashover, and the most practical
by the installation of automatic
and economical way is
Sprinklers.
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SPRINKLERS - QUESTIONS AND ANSWERS
DO ALL SPRINKLERS OPEN WHEN FIRE OCCURS?
NO. Only those sprinklers directly over the fire
open and discharge water. All others simply
remain ready to open in the event the fire
spreads or another fire breaks out.
DO SPRINKLERS EVER GO OFF ACCIDENTLY?
Very Rarely. Mostly accidental activation is due
to some physical damage to the system..
DO SPRINKLERS USE A LARGE AMOUNT OF WATER?
A major feature of sprinkler systems is that they
use only the amount of water necessary to control the
fire. Records show that 37.4% of all fires in which
sprinklers operate are controlled by one automatic
sprinkler. 73.4% are controlled by 5 or fewer sprin-
klers and 85% are controlled by 10 or fewer sprinklers.
DO SPRINKLERS CAUSE EXCESSIVE WATER DAMAGE?
Water damage by sprinklers is negligible compared to
that caused by fighting the same fire with a hose
stream. As an illustration, a standard sprinkler
operating at 75 psi delivers about 50 gallons of water
per minute. A 2-1/211 hose operating at the same pressure
delivers about 400 gallons per minute; and most fires are
controlled by a small number of sprinklers, while many
hose streams are needed to combat a fire which is out of
control. In addition, sprinklers deliver water at the
point of the fire. Hose streams may be delivered from
outside the building and often cannot reach the fire.
DO SPRINKLERS REALLY PUT OUT FIRES?
The National Fire Protection Association states that
sprinklers are 95% effective. This is not a guess. It
is the result of analyzing more than 58,000 fires over
a period of 30 years. (And since many small fires are
not reported, it is safe to assume that the degree of
effectiveness is even higher.) In addition, records
also show that in 6 out of 10 cases, sprinklers extin-
guish fires w,_n.out any human assistance. In the other
instances they held the fire in check until fire crews
arrived.
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S rinklers - Questions and Answers,
contd. (2)
DO SPRINKLERS EVER FAIL?
In 3.80 of fires recorded, so-called a"sprinkler
er water
ures" occurred when there was: (1) improper
,Improper
supply, or (2) an increased fire hazard.
water supply" means either that there was insufficient
the
water or that the water was turre ned
offfirbefore was extinguished).
sprinklers operated
"Increased hazard" refers to those situations in which
alloed to low beyond
original
fire hazards seri.nklerwsystemf and without taeCorrespond-
scope of P
ing modification of the sysimml reinstating. Since the lthe water
em
could have been solved by simply the design of the ' t supply and the second by updating
system, the conclusion is that sprinklers themselves
rarely, if ever, "fail".
WHAT ARE THE FUNCTIONS OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS?
Sprinkler systems automatically
detect fire, immediately
Pro
sound an alarm, into fire -fighting operation and �
es
remain inoperation
as long
sprinkleras esystems fire odotall tfour.
dang le source of fire
This is why they are the best sing
protection.
IN FIRES IN SPRINKLERED 'BUILDINGS?
DO TOXIC GASES OCCUR
Toxic gases are present wherever
operationswhile the
ever, since sprinklers g uish it completely,
fire is small and generally exting
there is very little toxic gas and almost no chance
of harmful concentration.
HAVE LIVES EVER BEEN LOST FROM FIRES IN SPRINKLERED BUILDINGS?
Throughout the history of automatic sprinklers, there
have been perhaps a dozen cases in which occnkleTdpants ngs•
have been killed by fire in fully sp
In nearly every such case, the individual was the object
of the fire, through having his clothes ignite.
Sprinklers - Questions and Answers, contd. (3)
WHAT IS THE COST OF SPRINKLER SYSTEMS?
The cost for installing fire sprinklers depends on the
type of building; i.e., warehouse, apartment house or
office building.
The cost of fire sprinklers for an office building is
estimated to be $1.67 per square foot. As a rule of
thumb, sprinklers generally pay for themselves t',lrough
insurance premiums saving over a period of from 3 to 10
years, depending upon the type of building and occupancy.
f
`a�
FIRE RETARDANT ROOFS:
From a fire point of view, any time we can remove a combustible
spreading media, it's desirable.
Interviews with many fire chiefs, the review of films and
photographs taken during and after major fires in San Diego
and Los Angeles Counties, and review of fire protection of
literature has presented considerable evidence that one of
the most hazardous fire problems is the extensive use of
wood shingle roofing.
The ready ignition of untreated wood roof coverings, the rapid
invovlement of rooftops, the easy release of long range flaming
brands and the ready overhead spread of these brands in the
wind are hazards that the fire department is not readily equipped
to cope with.
Carlsbad presently requires fire retardant roofs for all struc-
tures constructed or moved within 1500 feet of brush covered
lands. This ordinance has required cooperative efforts be-
tween the fire and building departments. In most cases it is
necessary for the fire inspector to make an on -site inspection
of the property to determine if fire retardant roof will be
required.
There have been several objections or concerns to the ordinance
as it is presently written in that we may require a fire re-
tardant roof on a home today and within a short period of time
the same home would not be required to have the fire retardant
roof because of lands being cleared of grass and brush for
future development.
From an administrative and fire protection standpoint the
ultimate would be to have an ordinance requiring fire retard-
ant roofs on all structures within the City.
There have been some questions raised by Co ncil and others as
to the cost of requiring fire retardant roof coverings. There
are several roofs which are fire retardant which would cost
less than wood shingle roofs and there are others that would
increase the cost for the builder.
There are roof coverings that simulate wood shake shingles
that do meet the Uniform Building Code's standards for fire
retardant roofs.
JL. u.:m.
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ORDINANCE NO. 2035
AN ORDINANCE.OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE
CITY OF CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA, AMENDING
;S
TITLE 17 OF THE CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL CODE
BY REPEALING CHAPTERS 17.04, 17.08, 17.12
4
AND 17.16 AND ADDING CHAPTER 17.04 TO
ADOPT BY REFERENCE THE UNIFORM FIRE ,
5
CODE......
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The City Council of the City of Carlsbad, California,
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does ordain as follows:
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SECTION 1: That Title 17, Chapters 17.04, 17.08, 17.12
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and 17.16 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code are repealed.
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SECTION'2: That Title 17 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code
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is amended by the addition of Chapter 17.04 to read as follows:
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Chapter 17.04
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FIRE PREVENTION CODE
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Sections:
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17.04.010 Adoption.
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17.04.015 Section 2.303 L•eleted--Standards.
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17.04.020 Section 9.103 Amended --Assembly.
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17.04.030 Section 10.202 Amended --Tampering with fire
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protection equipment.
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17.04.040 Section 10.207, subsection (b) Amended --Access
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roadways for fire apparatus.
17.04.050 Section 10.307, subsection (a) amended --
Fire alarm system.
17.04.060 Section 10.309, subsection (c) Amended --Automatic
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sprinkler sys4-ems.
17.04.070 Section 11.207 Added --Vehicles leaking flammable
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or combustible liquids.
17.04.080 Section 25.115 Amended --Standby firemen.
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17.04.090 Section 25.118 Added --Exhibits, fairs, trade
shows, etc.
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17.04.100 Section 25.119 Added --Requirements for exhibits,
fairs, trade shows, etc. in buildings.
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17.04.110 Section 32.121 Added --Premises free of debris.
17.04.120 Section 32.122 Added--Use-periods.'
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17.04.130 Section 75.203, subdivision (j) Amended --Spray
booths.
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17.04.140 Section 45.205 subdivisions (a) and (e) Amended --
sources of ignition.
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17.04.150 Section 79.110, subsection (b) Added --Disposal
of combustible liquids. ,
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17.04.160 Violations.
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17 04 010 Adoption. The Uniform Fire Code, 1979 Edition,
:opyrighted ty the International Conference of Building Officials
ind the Western Fire Chiefs' Association•, three copies of which
ire on file with the City Clerk, is.adopted by reference as the
:ity fire code except for the following changes, additions and
mendments thereto which shall supersede the provisions of the
yode . -
17.04.015 Section 2.303 Deleted --Standards. Article 2,
Division III of the Uniform Fire Code is amended by the deletion of
Section 2.303.
17 --
04 020 Section 9 103 amendedAssembl Section 9.120
o£ the Uniform Fire Code is amendeto recede thamendment of the
definition of the word "assembly
"ASSEMBLY occupancy means the occupancy
ouse
off50 midi eg
or structure or any portion thereof by gathering
persons for purposes of deliberation' edreattrn,nsport
instruction,awaitingworship, entertainment, amusement, awaiting
ra a building or
drinking or dining or other occupancy
or structure or portion thereof used or intended to be used for
the showing of mot restrucen an admission
charge
structure is open tothepublic andhasad
and such building
capacity of 10 or more persons."
am
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17.04.en Section
No person.202 shalll.remove,Ttampernw thtor otherwisec
tio:i eauiPment. P
disturb any fire hydrant, fire 3epartment connection, fire pro ec-
tion system renuiredvtovbe installednorlmaintained under sher or other rtherotec-
tion device q
provisions of this Code except for for repairing, ortwhen 1permitted
fire, training purposes, servicing,
by the fire department. Whenever a piece of fire protection
dshall be replaced
equipmas
nis removed as herein peitlwasremovedhasbeen accom-
a.s' soon
Dlished.
17.04.0
:re
207, subsection ��, amended --Access
10.
Section 10.207 of the Uniform
amendment of subsection (b) to, read:
"(b) The required width of access roadways
soshall notvehiclebe
obstructed in any manner, including the parking
i Curbs along roadways shall be painted red. The entrance to all
access roadways shall be posted with signs nothan nine feet high, to orehavthan f
uate
lettering as approved by fifty
feet apart and not more tthe Fire chief. The sign shall read:
'No Parking -- Fire Lane,' and/or other wording deemed approp-
riate riate by the Fire Chief. 'This sign shall also contain a warning
that violators are subject to
o -a ay. standing any vehicle
No person shall stop, p in any respect
7 in a fire lane. This prohibition shall
tDepartment and clearly
to any vehicle owned or operated by person violating this
B marked as a Fire Department vehicle. Any p
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section is quilty of an infraction and shall pay a fine of no
less than $25.00.
In addition to other available means of enforcing this code,
obstructions.to required access roadways shall be subject to
removal. The Police Department or members of the Fire Preven-
tion Bureau shall cause the removal, at the owner's expense, or
give notice of violation pursuant to Section 41102 and 41103 of
the California Vehicle Code."
17.04.0'50' Section 10.307, subsection (a) 'amended --Fire
alarm 'system. Section 10.307 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended
1by the amendment of subsection (a) to read:
"(a) Every apartment house three or more stories in height
or containing more than 15 apartments, every hotel three of more
stories in height or containing 20 or more guest rooms shall have
installed therein an automatic or manually operated fire alarm
system. Such fire alarm systems shall be so designed that all
occupants of the building may be warned simultaneously."
' 1T.'04'.'0'60' . Sect'ibii 10'.'3'0'9',' 'subsection - (c) amended --Automatic
svrink'1'e'r 'systems. Section 10.309 of the Uniform Fire Code
s
"(a) General. Automatic sprinkler systems shall be provided
in accordance with the provisions of this section.
(b) Where required. Automatic sprinkler systems shall be
installed and maintained in operable condition as specified in
this chapter in.the following locations:
(1) All occupancies e:�:cept Group R, Division 3,. and
Group M.
(A) In every story of all buildings when the
floor area exceeds 1500 square feet and there is not provided
at least 20 square feet of opening entirely above the adjoining
ground level in each 50 lineal feet or fraction thereof of
exterior wall in the story on at least one side of the building.
Openings shall have a minimum dimension of not less than 30
inches. Such openings shall be accessible to the fire department
`rom the exterior and shall not be obstructed in a manner that
fire fighting or rescue cannot be accomplished from the exterior.
When openings in a story are provided on only
one side and the opposite wall of such story is more than 75 feet
from such openings, the story shall be provided with an approved
automatic sprinkler sytem, or openings as specified above shall
be provided on at least two sides of an exterior wall of the
story.
In portions of all occupancies other than
detached R-3 which are two or more stories in height and where
the floor level of one or more stories or a basement lies below the
lowest point of vehicular"access for fire department apparatus
as determined by the Fire Chief.
(B) At.the top of rubbish and linen chutes and
in their terminal rooms. Chutes extendin through three or
more floors shall have additional sprinkler heads installed
within such chutes at alternate floors. Sprinkier.heads shall
be accessible for servicing.
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(C) All rooms where nitrate film is stored or
iand'led shall be equipped with an approved automatic sprinkler
system as specified In pro�tectedC. andard combustible8fiber storage vaults
is defined in the Fire
(2) Group A Occupancies.
(A) In basements larger than 1500 square feet in
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floor area. (B) When the occupancy has over 10,000 square feet
of floor area which can be used for exhibition or display purposes.
(c) In any enclosed usable space below or over a
in Group A, Division 2, 2.1, 3 and 4 Occupancies. See
stairway
Section 3308(f)(D) under the roof and gridiron, in the tie and
fly galleries and in all places behind the proscenium wall of
rfeet in
stages; over enclosed roomstforms workshopsin eand storeroomsaccessory
area; and in dressing , platforms. EXCEPTIONS:
to such stages or enclosed
Stages or enclosed platforms open to
the auditorium room on three moul itse
(ii) Altars-, rPor similar platforms
and their accessory rooms. ridirons when side -wall sprinkler
(iii) Stage g t-baffle plates are installed
with 1350 F. rated heads with hea
around the entire perimeter of the stage points not more than
30 inches below the gridiron nor more thann 6 inches below the
baffle plate. flir
(iv) Under 'stage or under enclosed platform
areas leOs than 4 feet in clear.height used exclusively
or table storage and lined on the inside with materials approved
for one -hour fire -resistive construction.
(3) Group E Occupancies.
(A) In basements larger than 1500 square feet in
floor area. (B) In any enclosed usable space below or over a
stairway. See Section 3308(f).
(4) Group I Occupancies.
(A) EXCEPTIONS: es 1, II Fire-
(i) In hospitals of Typ
tion
inkle
resistive and II One -hour construcaeiivery
system may be , cardiache automatic ,
omitted from operating, rooms not exceed -
and intensive care rooms and patient sleeping rov:ded
ing 450 square feet in area when each such room is p
sl
With smoke detectors connected to a conlnnuou
creases forearea and
S tion or location within the building in
507 shall not apply
height specified in Sections 506(c) a
when this exception is usein ils, prisons and reformatories,
(ii) a
the piping system may bey dry, provided a manually operated valve
5
is installed at a continuously monitored location. Opening o
g the valve will caL:3e the piping system to be charged. Sprinkler
stems shall be equipped with fusible elements or
heads in such systems stems in
7 the system shall be designed as required for deluge systems
U.B.C. Standard No. 38-1.
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(5) Group H Occupancies.
(A) In Group H, Divisions'l and 2 Occupancies
larger than 1500 square feet in floor area.
(B) In Group H, Division 3 Occupancies larger
than 3000 square feet in floor area.
(C) In Group H, Division 4 Occupancies more
than one story in height.
(D) In rooms where flammable or combustible
liquids are stored or handled in excess of the quantities set
forth in Table No. 9-A, or any combination of flammable liquids
totaling 240 gallons, as defined in the Fire Code.
(E) For paint spray booths or rooms and for
special provisions on hazardous chemicals and magnesium►, and
calcium carbide, see the Fire Code.
(6) Group B, Division 2 Occupancies.
(A) In retail sales rooms classed as Group.B,
Division 2 Occupancies where the floor area exceeds 10,000
square feet on any floor or 10,000 square feet on all floors.
(B) In buildings used for high -piled combust-
ible storage, fire protection shall -be in accordance with the
Fire Code.
(7) Other provisions of this section notwithstanding,
all occupancies except Group M where the aggregate floor area of
all floors exceeds 1.0,000 square feet shall be provided with
automatic sprinkler systems installed and maintained in operable
condition as specified in this chapter.
EXCEPTIONS:
(i) For a building of Type I or Type II fire
resistive construction, the area may be increased to 20,000 square
feet.
(ii) Where a four hour fire rates area sepa-
ration wall with no openings therein has been constructed such
that no aggregate floor'area exceeds 10,000 square feet between
such walls.
(c) ALARMS. When serving more than 20.sprinklers, automatic
sprinkler systems shall be supervised by an approved central,
proprietary or remote station service or a local alarm which will
give an audible signal at a constantly attended location.
(d) PERMISSIBLE OMISSIONS. Subject to the approval of
tht! building official with the concurrence of the chief of the
fire department, sprinklers may be omitted in rooms or'areas as
follows:
(1) Where sprinklers are considered undesirable.
because of the nature or the contents or in rooms or areas
which are of noncombustible construction with wholly noncom-
bustible'contents and which are not exposed by other areas.
Sprinklers shall not be omitted from any room merely because
it is damp or of fire -resistive construction.
(2) Sprinklers shall not be installed where the
application of water or -flame kind water to the contents may
constitute a serious life'or fire hazard, as in the manufac-
ture or storage of quantities of aluminum powder, calcium
carbide, 'calcium phosphide, metallic sodium and potassium,
quicklime, magnesium powder and sodium peroxide.
1 (3) Safe deposit or other vaults of fire -resistive
construction, when used for the storage of records, files and
2 other documents, when stored in metal cabinets.
(4.) Communication equipment areas under the exclusive
control of a public communication utility agency, provided:
(A) The equipment areas are separated from the
4 remainder of the building by one -hour fire -resistive occupancy
separation; and
5 (B) Such areas are used exclusively for such
equipment; and
6 (C) An approved automatic smoke detection
system is installed in such areas and is supervised by an
7 approved central, proprietary or remote station service or
a local alarm which will give an audible signal at a con-
8 stantly attended location; and
(D) Other approved fire -protection equipment
9 such as portable fire extinguishers or Class II standpipes are
installed in such areas.
10 (5) Other approved automatic fire -extinguishing
systems may be installed to protect special hazards or occu-
11 pancies in lieu of automatic sprinklers.
12 (3) In all buildings or other facilities wherein an auto-
matic fire sprinkler system has been installed, there shall also
g 13 be installed a lock box meeting the requirements of the fire
cam< W department. The building owner or occupant shall provide those
a 14 keys that may be necessary to gain entry to the building in the
Z o?, event the sprinkler system is activated or an alarm is received.
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LL pia Exception: When in the opinion of the Chief.
z Wso 16 there exists an adequate means of
W zN,- gaining access at all times; the
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K 17 requirement may be waived.
18 17.04.070 Section 11.207 Added --Vehicles leaking flammable
or combustable liquids. Article 11, Division I of the Uniform
19 Fire Code is amended by the addition of Section 11.207 to read:
20 "When any vehicle is leaking flammable or combustible liquids
and it is impractical to stop such leaking, the Chief or his
21 authorized representative may order the ramoval of the vehicle
from public or private property if, in his opinion, such vehicle
22 creates a fire hazard as defined in this code.
23 17.04.080 Section 25.115 amended Standby firemen. Section
25.115 of the Uniform Fire Coyle is amended to read:
24
"(a) Whenever, in the opinion of the Chief, it is-asential
25 for public safety in anyplace of public assembly or any other
place where people'congregate, due to the number of persons, or
26 the nature of the performance, exhibition,display, contest or
activity; the owner, agent or lessee shall employ one or more
2; experienced firemen, as required and approved by the Chief to
be on duty at such place. Said firemen shall be subject to
28
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the-Chief's orders at all times when so employed and shall
remain on duty during the times such places are open to the
public, or when such activity is beincr conducted. Before each
performance or the start of such activity, said firemen shall
inspect the occupancy for compliance, with this Code, and shall
keep diligent watch for fires during the time such place is
open to the public or such activity is being conducted and take
prompt measures for extinguishment of fires that may occur.
Firemen shall not be required or permitted, while on duty, to
perform any.other duties than those.herein specified.
'(b) The cost of the services of standby firemen assigned
pursuant to this section will be charged by the City to and
shall be paid by the owAer, agent or lessee requiring the services.
The cost of such services will be computed by the City Finance
Director using accepted cost accounting methods including but
not limited to the cost of salary, fringe benefits and general
overhead. Time cards for the assigned personnel shall be sub-
mitted by the Chief to the Finance -Director and shall be prima
facie evidence of the expended manhours. In no event shall a
permittee be charged less than the cost of two manhours for
each standby fireman assigned."
.9,;
"•(a) Permit required. No exhibit, fair, trade shows,
concert, convention Or vehicle show shall be held, installed.
maintained, operated or used as such without a permit.
(b) Permit -Security required. Before a permit required
under this section may be issued, the applicant must deposit
with the permit application a surety bond approved by the City
Attorney in favor of the City of Carlsbad or cash, in an amount
sufficient to guarantee reimbursement by the applicant to the
City for the cost of furnishing standby firemen whenever required
under Section 25.115 of this code and assigned pursuant thereto.
In computing the amount of the surety.bond, or cash, to
be deposited, the Chief or his designated representative will
estimate both the number, of personnel required to be assigned
as standby firemen and the total manhours to be expended.
The amount of the required bond, or cash, will be equal
to the total manhours thus estimated, times the cost per man-
hour of the personnel to be assigned pursuant to -Section 25.115
of this Code.
The City Finance Director shall provide the Chief with
the cost-per-marihour estimates based.upon accepted cost account-
Ing methods including but not limited to salaries, fringe
benefits and general overhead.
II ///
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(c) Waiver of security and charges. The requirement of
this section for the deposit of a surety bond or cash and the
reimbursement to the City shall not apply to governmental
agencies or nonprofit organizations whose nonprofit status
is listed and declared by the State bf California."
Section 17.04.100 Section 25.119 Added --Requirements for
exhibits, fairs, trade shows, etc. in buildings. Article 25,
5
Division I of the Uniform Fire Code is amended by the addition
of Section 25.119 to read:
6
"(a) Aisle widths of a minimum of 10 feet must be main-
7
tained at all times. The line of travel to an exit door by
an aisle shall be not more than 150 feet.
8
(b) Exhibits, fairs, trade shows, or vehicle displays
9
shall not be placed in lobbies, foyers or the required width
of an exitway.
10
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(c) The display in any public building, other than those
.3.1
constructed and classified by the Building Code for such use,
of automobiles, motorcycles, scooters, or other fuel operated
12
veh:.cles shall meet the following requirements:
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(l) The battery shall be disconnected and'the
aC4battery
cable placed or tied in a position to prevent battery
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contact.
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(2) Fuel tanks shall be equipped with a key -locking
U.-W<
cap or other devices approved by the Fire Marshal. Fill caps
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that are inaccessible may be approved without a key or other
=m
locking devices by the Fire Marshal.
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'(3) Fuel tanks on vehicles that cannot be equipped
18
with key -locking cap or other approved devices shall be emptied
of all fuel before entering a building.
19
(d) All -flammable decorative material shall be treated
20
and maintained in a flame-retardant condition.
21
'(e) Liquefied petroleum gas shall not be.permitted on
the premises.
22
•'(f) The type and number of fire extinguishers shall be
23
provided as required by the Chief..
24
(g) Flammable and combustible liquids and flammable gases
shall not be permitted on the premises except that the fuel tanks
25
of vehicles may be allowed to contain not more than one-fourth
the liquid capacity of the tank provided all other applicable
26
regulations are complied with.
27
(h) Open flames in conjunction with any display shall be
28
prohibited.
(i) Display of any recreation vehicle or boat with self-
contained sleeping facilities is prohibited."
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*Section 17.04.110 Section 32.121 Added --Premises free of
debris. Article 32 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended by the
addition of Section 32.121 to read.
"Where a ter.,': or air supported structure is to be erected
on property owned or leased by the City, the permittee, at the
termination of occupancy, shall clean and police the property
of all papers, trash and other waste matter, to the satisfaction
of the City.
"A deposit of $500.000, either in the for3n of cash, cashier's
check or certified check, shall be made to the City Finance
Director to guarantee the required cleaning and policing of the
premises. If it becomes necessary for the City to perform any
or all of such work, the cost therefor shall be deducted from
the deposit and the balance, if any, returned to the permittee;
otherwise the full sum of said deposit shall be refunded. The
foregoing deposit may be waived by the City Council upon peti-
tion for such waiver and good cause appearing therefor."
Section 17.04.120 Section 32.122 Added --Use periods. Article
32 of the Uniform Fire Code is amended by the addition of Section
92.122 to read:
"Tents and air supported structures shall be used for a
period of time not to e3cceed 15 days. The Chief may extend the
period of time for tent or air supported structures use not to
exceed a total of 90 days, provided all provisions of these
sections have been and continue to be complied with."
Section 17..04.'130 Section 75.203, subdivision (j) Amended --
booths. Section 45.203 of the Uniform Fire Code is
ed by the addition of subdivision (j) to read:
"(j) Each enclosed spray booth over 200 square feet shall
be provided with two approved means of egress. One of these
may be the larger entrance doors if these doors are easily
opened. Any latching or locking device shall be of an approved
type."
17.04.140• Section 45.205 subdivisions '(a) and (e) amended--
ources of ignition. Section 45.205 of the Uniform Fire Code
s amended by the amendment of subsections (a) and (e) to read:
"(a) There shall be no open flame or spark producing
equipment in any spraying area as defined in Section 45.201
nor within 20 feet thereof, unless separated by an approved
partition, except as permitted in Section 45.210, Drying
Apparatus, and Sections 45.401 and 45.402, Electrostatic
Apparatus.
"(e) Electrical wiring, motors and other equipment out-
side of but within 20 feet of any spraying area and not
separated therefrom by approved partitions, shall not produce
sparks under normal operating ocnditions. Such area shall be
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considered a Class 1, Division 2 hazardous location in accord-
ance with the•Electrical Code.
"EXCEPTION: Electrical wiring, motors, and other
equipment in the immediate vicinity .of the front of open face
spray booths shall comply.with NFPA Pamphlet No. 33, Spray
Application, 1973, Section 4-7.2."
1'7'.'0'4'.15'0' ' Sec't'iori 79'.'110, subsection (b) Added --Disposal
"of combustible liquids. Section 17.110 of the Uniform Fire
Code is amended by the addition of subdivision (b) to read:
"(b) Waste petroleum products and flammable or combustible
liquids shall be disposed of only at sites approved for such
purposes by the California Department of Health Services."
17.04'.160' ' Violations. Any person or corporation who
violates the provisions of Section 3.101, 3..102, 3.103, 3.104,
10.102 or 11.302 of the Uniform Fire Code as adopted by this
chapter is guilty of a misdemeanor. Any person or corporation
who violates any other of the provisions of this chapter is guilty
of an infraction except for the fourth or each additional violation
of a provision within one year which shall be a misdemeanor.
'Penalties for a violation of this chapter shall be as designated
in Section.1.08.010 of this code.
SECTION 3: Findings. The City of Carlsbad has many.large
brush covered hillsides. The City is Subject to a frequent
Santa Ana condition of dry gusty winds which creates extreme fire
danger. The City Council specifically finds•that these geographic
and topographic conditions necessitate greater fire protection
than that provided by the Uniform Fire Code, 1979 Edition.
Therefore, this ordinance has altered the code to require more
fire retardant roofs and sprinklered buildings.
EFFECTIVE•DATE: This ordinance shall be'effective thirty
days after its adoption, and the City Clerk shall certify to the
adoption of this ordinance and cause it to be'published at least
once in the Carlsbad Journal within fifteen days after its
adoption.
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INTRODUCED AND FIRST READ at a regular meeting of the
Carlsbad City Council held on the24th day of Februt:ry , 1981s,
and thereafter
PASSED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of said Council
held on the 17th day of March , 1981, by the following
vote, to wit:
AYES: Council Members Packard, Casler, Anear and Kulchin
NOES: None
ABSENT: Council Member -Lewis
RONALD C. PACKARD, Mayor
ATTEST:
ALETHA'L. RAUTENKRANZ, City Cler
(SEAL)
r
NOTICE OF PUBLIC HEARING
RE ADOPTION BY REFERENCE OF THE 1979 EDITION OF THE UNIFORM
FIRE CODE
NOTICE IS HEREBY GIVEN that the City Council of the City of
Carlsbad will hold a public hearing on Tuesday,.March 17, 1981, in the
City Council Chambers, 1200 Elm Avenue, Carlsbad, California, at 6:00 P.M.
to consider adoption of Ordinance No. 2035, amending Title 17, of the
Carlsbad Municipal Code, by repealing Chapters 17.04, 17.08, 17.12 and
17.16, and adding Chapter 17.04, to adopt by reference the Uniform Fire
Code, subject to certain changes, additions and amendments.
Copies of the 1979 Edition of the Uniform Fire Code and of the
Ordinance adopting said Code, are on file in the Office of the City
Clerk of the City of Carlsbad, 1200 Elm Avenue, Carlsbad, California,
and are open to public inspection.
CITY COUNCIL