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HomeMy WebLinkAbout1996-02-20; City Council; 13522; City of Carlsbad 1996 Traffic Signal Evaluation PolicyCw OF CARLSBAD - AGEWA BILL ” [.I;,. r - _-. - 1 AB # j3; 5.2~ 1 TITLE: DEP’ CITY CITY - b CITY OF CARLSBAD MTG. 2/20/96 ~~~ DEPT. ENG 1996 TRAFFIC SIGNAL EVALUATION POLICY t I I I RmmmmmED ACTION; Adopt Resolution No. 96 -6 9 approving the City of Carlsbad 1996 Traffil Evaluation Policy. 1 ITEM EXPLANATION: The Transportation Division of the Engineering Department has completed the 195 Signal Evaluation Policy, which also includes the Traffic Signal Qualification List. 1988, the City of Carlsbad did not have a list that prioritized warranted traffi locations for future installations. By adopting the Traffic Signal Evaluation Po Resolution Number 88-252 on July 19, 1988, the City Council established the Traff Evaluation Policy and authorized staff to periodically update the warranted traffic : and present the information to the Traffic Safety Commission and City Council. The Traffic Safety Commission recommended, by a 5-0 vote, at their February meeting that the 1996 Traffic Signal Evaluation Policy be adopted by the City Cout is the fourth update since 1988, however, the policy for evaluating traffic signal: been revised from the originally approved 1988 policy. Approval of the Traff Evaluation Policy and Traffic Signal Qualification List does not obligate the City C authorize installation of a traffic signal or to install traffic signals in the order as the Traffic Signal Qualification List. FISCAL IMPACT: No impact until a traffic signal is installed. Once installed, yearly operai maintenance costs for each traffic signal is approximately $5,000. EXHIBITS: 1, Resolution No. qb - d 7 approving the City of Carlsbad 1996 Traff Evaluation Policy. 0 w 8 2 a Q, 2. 1996 Traffic Signal Qualification List. 3. 1996 Traffic Signal Evaluation Policy. 2 I- o e a i 2 3 0 0 1 t * L 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 , 0 0 Exhibit 1 RESOLUTION NO. 96-64 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA, APPROVING THE 1996 CITY OF CARLSBAD TRAFFIC SIGNAL EVALUATION POLICY, WHEREAS, the City of Carlsbad recognizes the need for the installation of trc at various intersections to promote the safe and efficient movement of people and < WHEREAS, the City of Carlsbad recognizes the need for an objective policy tc when and where traffic signals will be installed in the future; and WHEREAS, maintaining an up-to-date qualification list of warranted traffic sign: staff when reviewing future Capital Improvement Programs (CIP) or developer determine the need and schedule of the traffic signal installation; and WHEREAS, the 1996 Traffic Signal Evaluation Policy contains the 1996 TI Qualification List. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City c California, as follows: 1. That the above recitations are true and correct. 2. The City Council of the City of Carlsbad hereby adopts the evaluation pro the updated Traffic Signal Qualification List as contained in the 1996 Traffic Sign: Policy. Ill Ill Ill Ill 111 /If Ill Ill I - # L 1 e e 3. The Engineering Department of the City of Carlsbad is hereby aul 2 3 4 periodically update the Traffic Signal QUalifiGatiQn List as contained in the Tn Evaluation Policy and present such updated list to the Traffic Safety Commission a Council for review and approval. 5 6 7 PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED at a regular meeting of the Carlsbad ( held on the 20th day of February , 1996 by the following vote, to a 9 10 NOES: None AYES: Council Members Lewis, Nygaard, Kulchin, Finnila and Hal 11 12 13 ABSENT: None l4 ll 15 ATTEST: l6 *L*i?i:TE$=tZ\k (SEAL) 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 *’ II 28 ~~~ ~ ~~ - ,o Ba r"5 Es L ZP e e CC 0 32 d h) d d d P 0NdO d A (D 40VI* QD P 5s tg RG gn g~ gn gn RS 811 g~ 88 gg "$ co co co 5s co 5s co eo co 4g 5s 5s gg e '1 B 3 8 3 z 2 "23 9; z @jr 0 d) g.&$&$ Q$mD%qp ClE § E! =3 - 53 4 2 $85 fp1 m 3 ;5 S g$ ; "$ gsg$$$Fd Lo * 8 P zw gg gg 3% gg 3s =!i gw == $8 :$ go $m pBmg @p Os93 2. 4 s? 5.3qga - gs?o 3F; 2 m man!2gd) 3 a2sm!z9 a g5 8 ;5 nmz 9 3 $ 3% 32 =E nz 55 z g% @ no ZE no Z.E nE nS at a8 cl r$' Ern<, B 8 k' n e o aPgarggo n co8 n .G n X 3 coo 2 5 n lD z 2% iz R RE: Y E d Ngo N fls d N N N- F- a,a,-N.")O-.- .m h, lu *- (D 9 =z =.r 0) (D d Pl A d (D ,pp= em: 'DL (Dd 2FZ .pD d -L d d dy M PC P ?S_pb 0 VI 0 (D VI 0- 0 0- h, 0 P 0 d d 8s' * (D mB8VI 48* %'IC2 3 -# B; 3 g 8 w -8 -2 b ir VI 0v)T;Id QDZ~GOO ooo* 0 0mm~T;IVIP d d d d d d d P md d d d 0 ON 0 d Dc 0 00 VImP 0 0 00000 0000 0 0 00000000P~ 00000 0 00~000000~ 000 7 9 2 0 0 uz 0 00 VI 0 0000 000000 a O)"oOAVI 0)- s -J VI PSVI0 A Dc A 4 my a,so> lu 2 g QD 4 0 m QSj 0 0 h) Nh;) h) h;) Iu A -. rn> Q d P 0)0 Ul A -: lr I CITY OF CARLSBAD e e CITY OF CARLSBAD TRANSPORTATION DIVISION TRAFFIC SIGNAL EVALUATION POLICY REPORT JANUARY 1996 TABLE OF CONTENTS PAGE I INTRODUCTION ..................................................... BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE. ..... i. .................................. POLICY ........................................................... GENERAL .......................................................... DATA ............................................................ 3 TRAFFIC SIGNAL QUAUFICATION LIST .................................... TRAFFIC SIGNAL DESIGN LIST. ......................................... UNWARRANTED TRAFFIC SIGNAL LOCATION UST ........................... APPENDIX A. TRAFFIC SIGNAL QUALIFICATION RATING SYSTEM 8. CALTRANS TRAFFIC SIGNAL WARRANTS - 0 0 CITY OF CARLSBAD Transportation Division TRAFFIC SIGNAL EVALUATION POLICY REPORT INTRODUCTION The City of Carlsbad, located in North San Diego County, has grown from a small, agricuttl based residential community in its early history to a clty of approximately 68,000 reside1 Various industrial, commercial, recreational, residential and agricultural land uses are founc Carlsbad. Associated with population increases has been an increase in vehicular, bicycle, E pedestrian traffic. With increased volumes on Carlsbad’s roadway system, it is apparent that there is need fc more detailed method of evaluating and determining future traffic signal locations. At this tir there are 78 signalized intersections in Carlsbad. Ownership and maintenance responsibilit as follows: rn 64 signals owned and maintained by the City of Carlsbad. rn 4 signals owned by the Crty of Carlsbad and maintained by Cattrans. I 0 signals owned and maintained by Cattrans. w 1 signal owned by the City of Carlsbad and jointly maintained by the City of Carlst: and Cattrans. This report has been prepared with the purpose of identrfying and evaluating future traffic sign at various locations throughout the City of Carlsbad. It is the mechanism to continuc re-evaluate and update potential traffic signal locations on a regular basis. The Traffic Signal Qualification List is not steadfast. Financial constraints, private developm capital improvement projects or other valid considerations may dictate that a lower qualify signal be installed at a given location. The qualification list does, however, serve as a guide future traffic signal installations and only includes locations meeting CALTRANS traffic sig warrants. BACKGROUNDANDPURPOSE As traffic volumes increase there becomes a need to consider various right-of-way controls intersections. Depending upon traffic characteristics at a given intersection, the City \ evaluate and choose from a variety of traffic control methods or devices to facilitate the safe a efficient movement of traffic and pedestrians. Included among the various intersection traffic control devices are: basic rules of the ro governing right-of-way at intersections, yield sign installations, 2-way STOP sign installatiol Sway and Cway STOP sign installations, channelization and median control and traffic signa 1 - e e This report focuses on establishing a Crtywide listing of one of the most efficient methods intersection right-of-way control, the traffic signal. The purpose of a traffic signal qualification is to compare and impartially rank the intersections under consideration. A Traffic Sic Qualification List was originally established for the City of Carfsbad in 1988 by City Cou Resolution Number 88-252 and was updated in 1990, 1992, and 1994. This report is an upd of the 1994 qualification list. All locations included on the list have met California Departmen Transportation criteria (CALTRANS Traffic Signal Warrants) for the installation of a traffic sigl POLICY As with most traffic engineering departments, it has been the policy of the City of Cads Transportation Division to only recommend installation of traffic signals that meet the minin criteria established by the California Department of Transportation. All data collection evaluation to determine if criteria is met for a location to qualify for a traffic signal is undel direction of the City Traffic Engineer. GENERAL Traffic signals are electrically powered traffic control devices that direct the movement of vehic bicycles, and pedestrians at an intersection. Traffic signals provide for the positive assignr of the right-of-way to effect the orderly movement of traffic and pedestrians with minimum d and maximum safety. Many cities use a priorrty list system for ranking traffic signal projects. To qualify for this list signal analysis takes into account the relative delays on approaching streets, the collision hi: of the intersection and gaps in the major and minor street streams of traffic, pedestrian vok and various other factors. An evaluation is then conducted to determine if a signal will mini or correct an identified problem. Establishing a Traffic Signal Qualification List helps answer two basic questions: 1. Do traffic conditions at the intersection meet the basic criteria that affect the benefits costs of signal control; and 2. If so, how does this location compare with other locations throughout the City of Cark that meet the same basic criteria? This evaluation provides a rational method of comparing one intersection with another, the resutt being a ranking that lists the greatest need for signalization between all potential s locations. The attached Traffic Signal Qualification List indicates each location u consideration and is arranged in descending order based upon the total qualification F accumulated at each location. A listing of future traffic signals does not mean that signals will exclusively be installed i order of ranking. Existing conditions, right-of-way needs, need for left turn or right turn Ii budget constraints, or other factors may indicate a location that is more appropriat signalization than one higher on the list. The list establishes locations for which prelim engineering should take place and then be re-evaluated before proceeding to final design. 1 signals are not installed unless written authorization from the City, Engineer directs installation, 2 0 e - DATA In recent years, traffic signals have experienced a technical evolution. Changes have evo from pre-timed signals in which control mechanisms operate on a predetermined time schec allotting a fixed amount of time of each interval in the cycle; to traffic actuated microproce: units that can operate two to eight signal phases, highway ramp metering control, ma controls for interconnected signal systems and traffic volume monitoring stations. Traffic signals are an expensive control device to install and under certain conditions n problems may be created than are solved. These problems can range from increased accic frequency, delays, increased air or noise pollution and higher energy use, to circuitous tn along less desirable routes to avoid the signalized intersection. A properly signalized intersection, however, can resolve many problems and provide advanta ranging from reducing certain types of accident frequency, delay, and air pollutants, to crea an orderly traffic movement. In a coordinated signal system they help maintain an effici progressive traffic movement along an arterial roadway. Rankings of the various intersections for potential traffic signal installation was accomplishec using a Traffic Signal Qualification Rating System. Points were assigned to seven Qualifica factors which are based on the California Department of Transportation criteria knowr CALTRANS Traffic Signal Warrants. Traffic Signal Qualification Rating System factors include the following: Factor 1- Minimum Vehicular Volume This factor considers the fact that at certain traffic volume levels the delay can be reduced I orderly flow through an intersection enhanced by signal COntrOlS. Factor 2 - Interruption of Continuous Traffic The interruption factor applies when the traffic volume on the major street is so high that gaps occur to permit the minor street traffic to cross or enter the intersection. As a result, minor street traffic may suffer long delays or experience hazards at the intersection. Factor 3 - Minimum Pedestrian Volume The minimum pedestrian volume factor reflects the length and frequency of gaps available pedestrians to cross the major street as compared to the number of pedestrians that cross street . Factor 4 - School Area Traffic Signals This factor recognizes the special problems that may occur at intersections near schools or school walking routes. It is similar to the minimum pedestrian volume factor in that gaps in trE are considered. 3 0 0 Factor 5 - Prwressive Movement or Signal Svstems Existing or proposed signal systems are considered by this factor. Often traffic flow effiiic can be enhanced if signals are installed at proper spacing along an arterial or signal net~ Such signals may assist in holding traffic in compact platoons that will arrive at adja signalized locations in accordance with a turning plan. Factor 6 8 Accident History I- cn 4 I 2 0 F a 0 E i e a a 2 a z 0 ii 3 k 2;; oa r 5 Jag kEg au mmnm cukgs8:z?c 8 F OD cu - 0 CD c E$ II c 0 TRAFFIC SIGNALS CURRENTLY BEING DESIGNED/CONSTRUCTED 1. Carlsbad Boulevard/Avenida Encinas 3. Alga Road/Batiquitos Drive 2. Carlsbad Boulevard/Descanso Boulevard TRAFFIC SIGNAL LOCATIONS INVESTIGATED (Did not meet CALTRANS Signal Warrants) 1. Adam StreetlChinquapin Avenue 2. Alga Road/Blackrail Court 3. Alga Road/Mimosa Drive 4. Alga Road/Cormorant Drive 5. Carlsbad Boulevard/Juniper Avenue 6. Carlsbad Boulevard/Maple Avenue 7. Carlsbad Boulevard/Sycamore Avenue 8. Carlsbad Village Drive/Donna Drive 9. Carlsbad Village Drive/Pontiac Drive 10. Carlsbad Village Drive/Tamarack Avenue 1 1. Chestnut Avenue/Harding Street 12. Chestnut Avenue/Highland Drive 13. Chestnut AvenueNalley Street 14. Grand Avenue/Madison Street 15. Highland Drive/Magnolia Avenue 16. Highland Drivenamarack Avenue 17. Monroe Street/Basswood Avenue 18. Poinsettia Lane/Batiquitos Drive 19. Rancho Santa Fe RoadKadencia Street X). Roosevelt Avenue/Oak Street 21. Tamarack Avenue/Garfield Street 22. Tamarack Avenue/Park Drive 23. Tamarack AvenWPontiac Drive 24. Tamarack Avenue/Skyline Drive 25. Valley Street/Basswood Avenue 26. Valley StreeVMagnolia Avenue 6 e e TRAFFIC SIGNAL QUAUFlCAnON RATING SYsI"EM Factor 1 - Total Vehicular Volume Points are assigned based upon the graph below which considers major and minor 1 to 6:OO P.M. on a weekday). A maximum of 15 points may be assigned to this factor. volumes and capacity. The entering volumes are based upon MOur Counts (usually from NOTES 1. W VOLUMES ARE FOR 4 HOURS (USUALLY 26 P.M.) 2 WMUM POINTS - 15 750 OVER 700 600 s, d > Lw E VI !! 300 - z 200 100 INTERSECIlON OF: 2-2 Lane Sk 1-2 8 14 Lano St 24 Ian. sb. 2QneWay Sta ~ 16Qo1800a#K)2m2~280028003aoo3200~~: pDo2400~~3ooo3aw310036003boo4ooo" 280028003ooo32#)3400364038#)4ooo42#344004800' ~340058Qo38004ooo42004400480048005ooo52Do! TOTAL VOLUME ENTERlNG INTERSECTION e e Factor 2 .I Interruntian of Cantlnuaus Trafflc Vehicles on through streets, if uncontrolled, tend to travel through minor street intersection at speeds that make it difficutt and hazardous for vehicles and pedestrians from the sid street to cross or enter the principal traffic stream. The total of the minor street vehicles plu pedestrians crossing or entering the major street must exceed 300 in four hours to receiv any points. A maximum of 10 points may be assigned to this factor. w &HOUR MAJOR STREET VOLUMES 1 APPROXIMATE I POINTS APT II ? I Y 0-1 649 5,600 1 1650-1 949 4,700 0 II 0 0 Fador 3 - Pododdan Volume A traffic signal may be needed where many pedestrians cross a major street. A maximum of 10 points may be assigned to this factor. NOTES 1. ALL VOLUMES ARE FOR 4-HOURS (USUALLY 2-6 P.M.) 2 MAXIMUM POINTS = 10 3. NO POINTS IF LESS THAN 100 PEDESTRIANS DURING THE 4 HOUR PERIOD. 4, NO POINTS IF LESS THAN 1200 MAJOR STREET VEHICLES DURING THE 4 HOUF PERIOD. a 4 0 2 c * 3600 L OVER 3200 2800 2400 2000 1600 1200 100 200 100 600 800 lo00 1200 1- 1m & OVVI PEDESTRIANS CROSSING MAJOR STREET a 0 Factor 4 - School Area Trafflc Sianals Points are assigned based upon the number of school age pedestrians crossing tho majc street 85 compared to the major street traffic. This factor will apply only to locations withi; one mile of a school and where the nearest controlled intersection or potential crossin1 point is more than 600 feet away. A maximum of IO points may be assigned for this facto1 1500 1100 # d > 2 k 'So c i! I (Y 500 n m w ci 250 le00 1400 lo00 wo LL 3 3 zoo w "- ""_ 10 "" "- - "" "- "" ~~ 100 60 150 100 200 140 250 100 3M 220 ESTRIANS CROSSING THE MAJOR STFlEET (Per 2-Hour Period) NOTE: No polnta will bo amigned H nearest controlled crowing Is lea than 600 fact My. e e Factor 5 - Proaresalve Movement or Slanal Svstema This factor depends upon engineering studies and must include the present and Mure tra demands of the area. A signal may be justified when it forms a part of an interconnected coordinated system. A maximum of 5 points may be assigned to this factor. Factor 6 - Accident History Only those accidents susceptible to correction by traffic signals are considered and then o if less restrictive measures such as warning signs, proper lighting, painted markings, etc. hi failed. A maximum of 15 points may be assigned to this factor. ACCIDENTS POINTS 62 3 4 5 6 7 0 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 &Over 0 1 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 NOTE: Use the average of the last two years, provided the intersection has bee! operation for two years. Factor 7 - Special Condttiona This factor considers extenuating circumstances that are not covered in the previous s factors. These may include: the proximity of schools, churches, public buildings, and othc traffic and pedestrian generators; an abrupt change from a rural to an urban area; the nee for police control during portions of the day; a steep hill; a horizontal curve; restricted sigl distance. This factor requires engineering judgment based on physical inspection of ti- site. A maximum of 15 points may be assigned to this factor. A summary of the factors considered to be special conditions and the points that we1 assigned follows: 1. Four-way STOP Control (5 points): Typically, right-angle accident frequency drOF sharply after installation of a Four-Way STOP. However, total delay, as well as rear+ collision frequency, increase to a level higher than that which would be reflected by U resutts of Factors U1 and X2 0 e 2. Proximity of a school (1 to 5 points): Depending on the type of school and its distance from the intersection in question, points are assigned to reflect the potential benefit to school-age pedestrians and bicycle traffic. 3. Horizontal and Vertical Curvature and Visibility (1 to 5 points): The alignment of a major street can affect the visibility available to side-street motorists, and the relative safety of their crossing or merging maneuvers. There may also be other restrictions to visibility, such as utility poles and appurtenances and trees and shrubs on private property. 4. Htgh Speed on a Through Street (1 to 3 points): In addition to worsening the problems caused by visibility restrictions, very high approach speeds can worsen the severity 01 the accidents which occur. 0 e Ttaff ic Manual TRAFFIC SIGNALS AND LIGHTING CHAPTER 9 TRAFFIC SIGNALS AND LIGHTING Traffic Signals, Basic Information and Warrants 9-01 9-01.1 lntroductlon A traffic signal is an electrically powered traffic control device, other than a banicade warning light or steady burning electric lamp, by which traffic is warned or directed to take some specific action. The following types and uses of traffic signals are discussed in this chapter: Traffic Control Signals, Pedestrian Crossing Signals, Ramp Metering Signals, Flashing Beacons, Lane-use Control Signals, Traffic Control at Movable Bridges, Priority Control of Traffic Signals, and Traffic Signals for Construction Zones. Traffic control signals are valuable devices for the control of vehicle and pedestrian traffic. However, because they assign the right of way to the various traffic movements, traffic control signals CXCR a significant influence on traffic flow. Traffic control signals, properly located and operated, should have one or more of the following advantages: 1. They provide for the orderly movement of Traffic Signals for One-lane, Two-way Facilities traffic. Improper or unwarranted signal may cause: 1. Excessive delay. 2. Disobedience of the signal ind 3. Circuitous travel of alternate r 4. Increased accident frequency. Experience shows that the right-angle collisions may decrea installation of signals, but the numb collisions may incnasc. The in: signals may increase overall delay intersecsion capacity. Consequently, utmost importance that the consid signal installation and the selection ( be preceded by a thorough study o roadway conditions made by : experienced and trained in this fi important is the need for checking tl of a traffic signal in operation. Thi the depe to which the type of ins the timing program meet the req1 traffic. 2. When proper physical layouts and control measures are used, they increase the traffic handling capacity of the intersection. 3. They reduce the frequency of certain types of accidents, especially the right angle tYPe- 4. Under favorable conditions, they can be coordinated to provide for continuous or nearly continuous movement of traffic at a definite speed along a given route. 5. They permit minor street traffic, vehicular or pedestrian, to enter or cross continuous traffic on the major street. 941.2 Traffic Slgnal Wanants The justification for the installatiol signal at an intersection is based on stated in this Manual and in the Uniform Traffic Control Devices. c to install a signal should not be 1 upon the wanants, since the installar signals may inmast certain types c Delay, congestion, approach condi, confusion, future land use or other the need for right of way assignment which could be provided by stop si; demonsuatcd. Sce Section 4-03 of for stop sign warrants. e 0 . 9-2 TRAFFlC SIGNALS AND LIGHTING Traffic Mar 4-1992 When the 85th percentile speed of traffic on the major street exceeds 40 miles per hour in either an urban or rural area, or when the intersection lies within the built-up area of an isolated community having a population of less than 10.0o0, the location is considered rural. All other areas arc considered urban. Figures 9- 1, 9-2, 9-3 and 9-4 are examples of warrant sheets. Warrant Sheet 9-4 should be used only for new intersections or other locations where actual traffic volumes cannot be counted. The installation of a traffic signal should be considered if one or more of the wanants listed below are met: A. Warrant I - Minimum Vehicle Volume. The Minimum Vehicular Volume warrant is intended for application when the volume of intersecting aaffic is the principal reason for consideration of a signal installation. The warrant is satisfied when for each of any 8 hours of an average day the traffic volumes given in the table below exist on the major street and on the higher-volume minor street approach to the intersection. Number of Vehiclcs per Vehicles per lanes for hour on hourm moving major street higher-volume traffic on (mal of both minar-sucu each appmxh approach@ appoach(- direction only) Major St. Minor St. Urban Rwal Urhan Rwal 1 I 500 350 150 105 2ormon 1 600 420 150 105 2ormore 2ormore 600 420 200 140 1 2ormore 500 3s ulo 140 The major street and the minor street volumes are for the same 8 hours. During those 8 hours the dinction of higher volume on the minor street may be on one approach during some hours and on the opposite approach during other hours. B. Wurrant 2 - Interruption of Continr Tramc. The Intemption of Continuous TI warrant applies to operating conditions wher traffic volume on a major street is so heavy traffic on a minor intersecting street su excessive delay or hazard in entering or cro the major street. The wmnt is satisfied v for each of any 8 hours of an average day traffic volumes given in the table below exi the major street and on the higher-volume r street approach to the intersection, and the s installation will not seriously disrupt progre traffic flow. Number of Vehicles per Vehicles lanes for hour on hour on moving major stnet higher-vc traffic on (total of both minot-su each approach approaches) appraach direction Major St. Minor St. Urh Rwal Urban R 1 1 750 525 75 : 20rm I 900 630 75 : 2ormon 2ormm 900 630 100 ’ 1 Zotmort 750 525 loo * The major street and the minor street vol arc for the same 8 hours. During those 8 I the direction of higher volume on the I street may be on one approach during hours and on the opposite approach during hours. C. Worrcrnt 3 - Minimum Pe&s Volume. A traffic signal may be warranted wher pedestrian volume crossing the major stnet intersection or mid-block location durin average day is: 100 or mort for each of any four hours; o 190 or morc during any one hour. 0' 0 Traffic Manual TRAFFIC SIGNALS AND UGnNG The pedestrian volume crossing the major street may be reduced as much as 50% of the values given abovc when the predominant pcdcs- man crossing speed is below 3.5 feet per second. In addition to a minimum pedestrian volume of that stated above, there shall be less than 60 gaps per hour in the traffic speam of adequate length for pedestrians to cross during the same period when the pedestrian volume criterion is satisfied. Where there is a divided street having a median of sufficient width for the pedestrian(s) to wait, the requirement applies separately to each direction of vehicular traffic. Where coordinated traffic signals on each side of the study location provide for platooned traffic which result in fewer than 60 gaps per hour of adequate length for the pedestrians to cross the street, a traffic signal may not be warranted. This warrant applies only to those locanons where the nearest traffic signal along the major street is greater than 300 feet and where a new traffic signal at the study location would. not unduly resmct platooned flow of traffic. Curbside parking at non-intersection locations should be prohibited for 100 feet in advance of and 20 feet beyond the crosswalk. A signal installed under this warrant should be of the traffic-actuated type with push buttons for pedesmans crossing the main smt. If such a signal is installed within a signal system, it shall be coordinated if the signal system is coordinated. Signals installed according to this warrant shall be equipped with pedestrian indications sections of this Manual. conforming 10 requiremenu set foRh in other D. Warrant 4 - School Areas. See Chapter 10 of this Manual. E. Warrant 5 - Progressive Movemsnt. The Progressive Movement warrant is satisfied 1. On a one-way street or on a street which has predominantly unidirectional traffic, adjacent signals are so far apart that the necessary degree of platooning and speed when: control of vehicles would o lost; or 2. On a two-way street, where 2 nals do not provide the nece: of platooning and speed con proposed and adjacent signal! stitute a progressive signal sys The installation of a signal ~CCOI warrant should be based on the 85 speed unless an engineering study i another speed is more desirable. The installation of a signal acco warrant should not be considera resultant signal spacing would be le! feet. F. Wamn: 6 - Accident Experic The Accident Experience warm 1. Five or more reported accidc susceptible to correction by control have occurred within period, each accident involv injury or property damage to extent of $500 or more; AND 2. Adequate trial of less restrict with satisfactory obm enfarcement has failed to accident frtquency; AND 3. There exists a volume of vek not less than 80% of the specified in the Minimum Volumc Warrant or the In1 Continuous Traffic Warrant; 4 4. The signal installation will ~ disrupt pmgrcssive tra.ff1c flo~ G. Wmnt 7 - Systems Wamm .A traffic signal installation concentration and organization of networks. The systems warrant when: in-ons my be warranted I 0 0 -. 9-4 TRAFFIC SIGNALS AND LIGHTING Traffic Mag - 4-1992 when the common intersection of two or more major routes has a total existing, or immediately projected, entering volume of at least 1,OOO vehicles during the peak hour of a typical weekday, or each of any five hours of a Saturday and/or Sunday. A major route as used in the above warrant has one or more of the following characteristics: 1. It is part of the street or highway system that serves as the principal network for through traffic flow; 2. It includes rural or suburban highways outside of, entering or traversing a city; or 3. It appears as a major route on an official plan such as a major street plan in an urban area traffic and transportation study. H. Warrant 8 - Combination of Warrants. In exceptional cases, a signal may be justified where no single warrant is satisfied but where Warrants 1 and 2 are satisfied to the extent of 80 percent or more of the stated numerical values. 1, Wunm 9 Four Hour Volume Wonant, The Four Hour Volume Warrant is satisfied, when for each of any four hours of an average day, the plotted points representing the vehicles per hour on the major street (total of both approaches) and the corresponding vehicles per hour on the higher volume minor street approach (one direction only) all fall above the cum in Figure 9-6 for the existing combination of approach lanes. When the 85th percentile speed of the major street traffic exceeds 40 miles per hour, or when the intersection lies within a built-up area of an isolated community having a population of less than 10,OOO, the four hour volume requirement is satisfied when the plotted points referred to fall above the curve in Figure 9-7 for the existing combination of approach lanes. J. Warrant 10 - Peak Hour Delay Wam The Peak Hour Delay Warrant is intendec application where traffic conditions arc such for one hour of the day, minor street m suffers undue delay in entering or crossing major street. The peak hour delay warrar satisfied when the conditions given below e for one hour (any four consecutive 15-mi delay wanant is met when: periods) of an average weekday, The peak 1 1. The total delay experienced by traffic one minor street approach controlled STOP sign, equals or exceeds vehicle-hours for a one-lane approach five vehicle-hours for a two- approach; AND 2. The volume on the same minor s: approach equals or exceeds 100 vph one moving lane of traffic or I50 vpk two moving lanes; AND 3. The total entering volume serviced du the hour equals or exceeds 800 vph intersections with four or more approac or 650 vph for intersections with t approaches. Wanant. K. Wamnt I1 - Peak Hour Voh The Peak Hour Volume Warrant is inten for application where traffic conditions are s that for one hour of the day minor street m suffers undue delay in entering or crossing major sueet. The peak hour volume warrant is satis when the plotted point, representing the vehi per hour on the major street (total of 1 approaches) and the comsponding vehicles hour on the higher volume minor street appm (one direction only) for one hour (any 1 consecutive 15-minute periods) of an avel existing combination of approach lanes. day, falls above the curve in Figun 9-8 for e 0 Traffic Manual TRAFFIC SIGNALS AND UGHflNG When the 85th percentile speed of major street Rotated left turn phases should b traffic exceeds 40 miles per hour, or when the where such alternatives cannot be I intersection lies within a built-up ana of an one or more of the following conditic isolated community having a population of less than lO,OOO, the peak hour volume warrant is 1. Accidents. Five or mon satisfied when the plotted point, refemed to accidents for a particula existing combination of approach lanes. period. abOw fdls abovc thc CUNC in Figurc 9.9 for thc mvcmcnf during a wen 941.3 GuMellnes for Left-Turn Phases Since separate signal phases for protected left turns will reduce the green time available for other phases, alternate means of handling left turn conflicts should be considered first. The most likely possibilities are: 1. Prohibition of left turns. This can be done only if there are convenient alternate means of making the mvement. Typical alternate means are: a. A series of right and/or left turns around a block to pefinit getting to the desired destination; or b. Making the left turn at an adjacent unsignalizcd intersection during gaps in the opposing through naffrc. 2. Geometric changes to eliminate the left turn. An effective change would be a complete separation or a complete or partial "clover leaf" at grade. Any of these, while eliminating kh turns, requires additional cost and right of way. 3. Provide protecud~ptnnissivc or permis- protected left turn intcrval may be sivt-protcctcd left tum operation. The prohibited during certain pcriods of the day to allow only permissive intervals for left turn movement in order to increase the grecn time available for other phases. Refer to Section 9-03.8 for the requirements of protected-permissive or permissive-protected left turn operation. 2. Deluy. Left-turn delay of c vehicles which were wait beginning of the green intel still remaining in the left tun least 80% of the total number one hour. 3. Volume. At new intersection! estimated volumes arc availa lowing criteria may be used. timed signal or a backg controlled actuated signal, a umt of more than two vehj proach per cycle for a peak hi uaffic-actuated signal, 50 o turning vehicles per hour in c with the product of the mi flicting through traffic durir hour of lO0,OOO or more. 4. Miscelloneour. Other factor be considered, include but an to: impaired sight distant horizontal or vertical curvatu hen is a large percentage c trucks. 901.4 M Of blStin0 SMMIS Changes in aaffic patterns may situation when a traffic signal is justified. When this occurs, consider be given to removing the traffic replacing it with appropriate altmr conaol devices. 0 0 - 9.6 TRAFFIC SIGNALS AND LIGHTING TraMc Ma - . 1.1992 Figure 9-1 TRAFFIC SIGNAL WARRANTS CALC DATE DiST co RTE PM CHK DATE Major St: Critical Approach Speed mPh Minor SI: Critical Approach Sped mPh " Critical speed ot major street traffic 2 40 rrph - - - - - - - - - - - - - In buiil up area of isolated community of < 10,000 pop. - - - - - - - - - cl ? 1 RURAL(R) 0 URBAN (U) WARRANT 1 - Minimum Vehicular Volume 10036 SATISFIED YES 0 NO 0 EI 80?6 SATISFIED YES 0 NO MINIMUM REOUIREMENTS (BOK SHOWN IN BRACKETS) lU]RllUl R APPROACH LANES 1 (112) (160) (ru) (120) Minorstreet 140 200 105 1x1 HghestApprd\. (336) (re01 (280) (400) Mapr Street 420 640 350 500 Both Apprchs. 2 or more l% 1 I +our 0 WARRANT 2 - Interruption of Continuous Traffic 10096 SATlSFlEO YES 0 NO CzII 803c SATISFIED YES 0 NO 0 MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS (80% SHOWN IN BRACKETS) IU IR\IUIR [ APPROACH I 1 7 nr mnm ///////.. 1 LANES I Both AoorChs. B Hlghest Apprch Minor Street I 6 VI IIIUI. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1- 750 70 100 53 7s (so4 (m) (420) (600) 630 960 52s (60) (a) (56) (42) I 6 VI IIIUI. 1 1 1 1 1 1 1- 750 70 100 53 7s (so4 (m) (420) (600) 630 960 52s (60) (a) (56) (42) Hour WARRANT 3 - Minimum Pedestrian Volume 100% SATISFIED YES 0 NO 0 ~ - ~~~ - ~ ~~~~~ REQUIREMENT Pedestrian volume crossing ttw major street is 100 or mom for each of any four houn or is 190 or more during any ono hour: m There are less than 60 gaps pr hour in the major street traf- fic stream of adequate length for pedostrians to cross; a The nearest traffic signal along the major street is greater than 300 feet; Bblp r i FULFILLED Yes a No 0 vu0 Noo( YeSONoOI I The new traffic signal will not seriously disrupt progressive traffic flow on the major streot. 11 Yes a No 0 I ~ ~~ ~ ~ ~~~ ~ ~~ Tho aatisfadlon of a warrant Is not mca.urliy justlfiutlon for a dg~l Dolay, congodion, contusion or ovidonca of tho nod lor rlghtsf-way urlgnmont mud k shown. e e Traffic Manual TRAFFIC SIGNALS AND LIGHTING ~~ Figure 9-2 TRAFFIC SIGNAL WARRANTS WARRANT 4 - School Crossings WARRANT 5 - Progressive Movement Not Applicable - - - - - - . See School Crosslngs Warra SATISFIED YES E I MINIMUM REQUIREMENTS I DISTANCE TO NEAREST SIGNAL FL I > 1000 FT. N ft. s tt. E ft. w 11. I YES I i. ON ONE WAY ISOLATED STREETS OR STREETS WITH ONE WAY TRAFFIC SIGNIFICANCE AND ADJACENT SIGNALS ARE SO FAR APART THAT NECESSARY PLATOONING 6 SPEED CONTROL WOULD BE LOST """"____""""~"~""~~"~~-~_~""~"- ON 2-WAY STREETS WHERE ADJACENT SIGNALS DO NOT PROVIDE NECESSARY PLATOONING AND SPEED CONTROL PROPOSED SIGNALS COULD CONSTITUTE A PROGRESSIVE SIGNAL SYSTEM 1 I WARRANT 6 - Accident Experience SATISFIED YES I REQUIREMENTS SATISFIED ONE WARRANT FL J WARRANT WARRANT 1 . MINIMUM VEHICUUR VOLUME OR """"""""""""""".-. 80% YES WARRANT 2. INTERRUPTION OF CONTINUOUS TRAFFIC SIGNAL WILL NOT SERIOUSLY DISRUUPT PROGRESSIVE TRAFFIC FLOW ADEQUATE TRIAL OF LESS RESTRICTIVE REMEDIES HAS FAILED TO REDUCE ACCIDENT FREOUENCY I I ACC. WITHIN A 12 MONTH PERIOD SUSCEPTIBLE OF CORA 6 INVOLVING INJURY OR ? UOO DAMAGE """""""""""""-----""""-""""-~~ MJNJMUM REQUIREMENT NUMBER OF ACCIDENTS 5 OR ma€ I I WARRANT 7 - Systems Warrant SATISFIED YES 1 MINIMUM VOLUME REQUIREMENT ENTERING VOLUMES - ALL APPROACHES Fb J bURlNG NPICAL WEEKDAY PEAK HOUR VEHIHA 1000 VEWHR """"""""""~"""_""",- OR DURING EACH Of ANY 5 HRS. OF A SAT. AND/OR SUN. VEHRlR CHARACTERISTICS OF MAJOR ROUTES MINOR ST. MAJOR ST. HWY. SYSTEM SERVING AS PRINCIPLE NETWORK FOR THROUGH TRAFFIC RURAL OR SUBURBAN HWY OUTSIOE OF, ENTERING, OR TRAVERSING A CITY APPEARS AS MAJOR ROUTE ON AN OFFICIAL PUN -o"""~.."oo.oo.~~.o."~~~~""~~.""~~...~.~ ~."...0"...."00"~."~...~~..."~~...."~0-.i""0. i - - d YES - I ANY MAJOR ROUTE CHARACTERlSTlCS Mm. BOTH STREETS t ~~ Tho mtisfadlon of I warrant Is not nocaurrlly Justifiatlon for I slgrul. Dolay, congostion, confusi ovldoncr of tha rrrnd for right-of-way Irrlgnmcwnt mu8t k rhown. 0’ 0 - . 9-8 TRAFFIC SIGNALS AND LIGHTING Traffic Man - 1.1991 Figure 9-3 TRAFFIC SIGNAL WARRANTS WARRANT 8 - Combination of Warrants SATISFED YES a NO C i REQUIREMENT FULFILLED WARRANT jJ TWO WARRANTS 1. MINIMUM VEHICULAR VOLUME 1 SATISFIED I WARRANT 9, - Four Hour Volume SATISFIED* YES 0 NO C 8O0/0 2. INTERRUPTION OF CONTINUOUS TRAFFIC YES 0 NO [ 2 or Approach Lanes One more Hour Both Approaches - Malor Street : Hlghest Approaches - Mmor Stfeet Refer to Figure 9-6 (URBAN AREAS) or Figure 9-7 (RURAL AREAS) to determine if this warrant is Satis1 WARRANT 10 - Peak Hour Delay SATISFIED YES NO [ (ALL PARTS MUST BE SATISFIED) 1. The total delay experienced for traffic on one minor street approach controlled by a STOP sgn equals or exceeds four vehicle-hours for a one-lane approach and five vehcle-hours for a two-lane approach; AL&! YES a NO [ 2. The volume on the same minor street approach equals or exceeds 100 vph for one moving lane of traffic or 150 vph for two moving lanes; AND YES 0 NO [ 3. The fafal entering volume sewiced during the hour equal5 or exceeds 800 vph for mtersectlons wlth four or more approaches or 650 vph for intersections with three approaches. YES NO I WARRANT 11 - Peak Hour Volume SATISFIED* YES 0 NO 2 or Approach Lanes One more Hour Both Approaches - Malor Street Highest Approaches - Mmor Street Refer to Figure 9-8 (URBAN AREAS) or Figure 9-9 (RURAL AREAS) to determine if this wanant is satis Tho mtlrtrctlon of 8 mmnt Is not rmmrrrily )ud”m tor 8 aig~l. Wey, cocrg..tion, contusion or other evl of the need lor rightsEway auignmont murt k 8howne * 0 0 -. Traffic Manual TRAFFIC SIGNALS AND LIGHTING Figure 9-4 TRAFFIC SIGNAL WARRANTS (Based on Estimated Average Daily Traffic - See Note) b I ........................ Minlrnurn Requirements URBAN I AURAL IIliIl1iiIi,ii~lIlIIItIIIlIII EADT 1. Minimum Vehicular Vehicles per day on Vehicles per Satisfied Not Satisfied direction only) street approa both approaches) higher-volume major street (total of Number of lanes for moving traffic on each approach Major Street Minor Street Urban Rural 3,200 8,000 5,600 1 ..................................... 2 or more ......................... 3,200 9.600 6,720 2 or more ........................ 2 or more ......................... 2,400 9,600 6.720 2 or more ........................ 1 ...................................... 2,400 8.000 5,600 1 ...................................... 1 ...................................... Urban 2. Interuption of Continuous Traffic Vehicles per day on Vehicles per Satisfied Not Satisfied major street (total of hgher-volumt both approaches) street appro: direction only: Number of lanes for moving traffic on each approach Major Street Minor Street Urban Rural 1,600 12,000 8,400 1 ..................................... 2orme ......................... 1,600 14,400 10,080 2 or more ........................ 2 01 me ......................... 1,200 14,400 10,080 2 or more ........................ 1 ...................................... 1,200 12.000 8,400 1 ...................................... 1 ...................................... Urban 3. Combination Satisfied Not Satisfd No one warrant satisfd, but folkwing warrants fulfilled 8Wo 01 me ......... 1 2 2 Warrants 2 Wana a NOTE: To bo uud only for NEW INTERSECllONS or othor locations whom actual traffic volumos anno 0 a -. 9-10 TRAFFIC SIGNALS AND LIGHTING Traffic Ma 1-1992 Figure 9-5 SCHOOL PROTECTION WARRANTS "" OlST CO ATE PM CALC DATE CHK DATE Major St: Critlcai Approach Speed mP Minor St: Critical Approach Speed "P Crltlcal speed of major streel traffic 2 40 mph - - - - - - - - - - - - - - In butlt up area of isolated community of < 10,000 pop. - - - - - - - - - - U g ) RURAL (R) 0 URBAN (U) FLASHING YELLOW SCHOOL SIGNALS (ALL PARTS MUST BE SATISFIED) SATISFIED YES a NO c SATlSFlED YES 0 NO E AND PART B Critical Approach Speed Exceeds 35 mph SATISFIED YES c] NO E PART C IS nearest controlled cmsslnq mora than 600 feet away? SATISFIED YES 0 NO 1 - AND - SCHOOL AREA TRAFFIC SIGNALS (ALL PARTS MUST eE SATISFIED) PART A I[ Minitnum~Flp~~~~ / / School Age Pedestrian I SATISFIED YES 0 NO SATISFIED YES 0 NO 0 AND - PART 6 Is nearest controlled crossing more than 600 feet away? SATISFIED YES 0 NO 0 0 0 ._ Traff IC Manual TRAFFIC SIGNALS AND LIGHTING Figure 9.6 FOUR HOUR VOLUME WARRANT (Urban Areas) -2 OR MORE LANES (MAJOR) 6 2 OR MORE LANES (MINOR) 2 OR MORE LANES (MAJOR) 6 1 LANE (MINOI OR 1 LANE (MAJOR) & 2 MORE LANES (MINOI 53 0 1 LANE (MAJOR) 6 1 LANE (MINOR) - 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 13( MAJOR STREET - TOTAL OF BOTH APPROACHES - VPH * NOTE: 115 VPH APPUElS AS THE LOWER THRESHOLD VOUlYE FOR A MINOR STREET APPROACH WlTn m0 OR MORE LANES AND do VPH AWES AS THE WWER THRESHOLD WYE Fm A MINOR STREET APPFK)AC)(INQ WITH ONE UNE. 0 e m a - 9-12 TRAFFIC SIGNALS AND LIGHTING Traffic Man - 1-1001 Figure 9.7 FOUR HOUR VOLUME WARRANT (Rural Areas) 400 X -2 OR MORE LANES (MAJOR) 2 OR MORE LANES (MINOR) % 9 c g 300 we - 2 OR MORE LANES (MAJOR) & 1 LANE (MINOR) OR 1 UNC (MAJOR) 6 2 OR MORE LANES (MINOR) zg a 4 200 ow ZS “3 B x 100 I? I 1 LANE (MAJOR) & 1 LANE (MNOR) 0 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 11 MAJOR STREET - TOTAL OF BOTH APPROACHES - VPH NUT€ 80 VPH APPLIES AS TH€ LOWER THRLSHOLO VOLUME FOR A MINOR STREET APPROACH WITH TWO OR YOAE LANES AN0 60 VPH APPLIES AS THE LOWER THRESHOLD VOLUME FW A MINOR STREET APPROACHING WITH ONE LANE. 0 0 w L. Traffic Manual TRAFFIC SIGNALS AND LIGHTING - Figure 9-8 PEAK HOUR VOLUME WARRANT (Urban Areas) 1 LANE (MAJOR) 6 1 LANE (MINOR) 400 SO0 600 700 800 900 1000 11 00 1200 1300 1400 1500 1600 1 MAJOR STREET - TOTAL OF BOTH APPROACHES - VPH NOTE: 150 VPH APPUES AS THE LOWER THRESHOLD VOWME FOR A MINOR STREET Am WlTH TWO OR MORE LANES AND 100 VPH APQUES AS THL MER THRESHOLD WYQ FOR A MINOR STREET APPROACHING WITH ON€ LANE. * e ? 9-14 TRAFFIC SIGNALS AND LIGHTING Traffic man^ 1-1#1 Figure 9-9 PEAK HOUR VOLUME WARRANT (Rural Areas) 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 1000 1100 1200 * MAJOR STREET - TOTAL OF BOTH APPROACHES - VPH * NOTE: 100 VPH APQUES AS THE LOWER THRESHOLD VOLUME FOR A MINOR STREET AP- WITH TWO OR MORE LANES AND 75 VPH APPUES AS THE LOWER THRESHOLD VOWME FOR A MINOR STREET AmlNG WITH ON€ LANE.