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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2000-06-27; City Council; 15803 Exhibit 3; Redevelopment Plan Adoption EIRCity of Carlsbad Housing and Redevelopment Department SOUTH CARLSBAD COASTAL REDEVELOPMENT PLAN ADOPTION PROGRAM ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT \ Prepared for: Carlsbad Housing and Redevelopment Department 2965 Roosevelt Street, Suite B Carlsbad, California 92008-2389 (760) 434-281 5 Prepared by: Culbertson, Adams & Associates, Inc. 85 Argonaut, Suite 220 Aliso Viejo, California 92656-4105 (949) 581-2888 STATE CLEARINGHOUSE NO. 99 10 1 106 FEBRUARY, 1999 I . c . . c c . . . c I c . c . c . TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION PAGE 1.0 Introduction ............................................................ 1 1.1 Overview ......................................................... 1 1.2 Brief Project Description ............................................. 1 1.3 Statutory Authority ................................................. 1 1.4 Issues to Be Addressed .............................................. 2 1.5 Public Scoping Meeting .............................................. 3 1.7 Impacts Found Not To Be Significant .................................... 4 1.6 Organizations Affiliated With The Project ................................ 4 2.0 ExecutiveSummary ...................................................... 5 2.1 Project Environmental Summary ....................................... 5 2.3 Areas of Controversyhssues to Be Resolved ............................. 16 2.2 Project Alternatives ................................................ 16 3.0 Project Description ..................................................... 17 3.1 Project Location and Boundaries ...................................... 17 3.2 Environmental Setting .............................................. 17 3.3 Project Description ................................................. 22 3.4 The Intended Use of This Program EIR ................................. 24 3.5 Project Objective .................................................. 25 4.0 Environmental Setting. Impacts. Mitigation Measures and Unavoidable Adverse Impacts . . 27 4.1LandUse/Planning ................................................. 27 4.1.1 Environmental Setting ....................................... 27 4.1.2 Project Impacts ............................................ 41 4.1.3 Mitigation Measures ........................................ 44 4.1.4 Significance After Mitigation .................................. 44 4.2 Geology/Soils ............................................ 45 4.2.1 Environmental Setting ....................................... 45 4.2.2 Project Impacts ............................................ 49 4.2.3 Mitigation Measures ........................................ 54 4.2.4 Significance After Mitigation .................................. 54 4.3 HydrologyNater Quality ............................................ 55 4.3.1 Environmental Setting ....................................... 55 4.3.2 Project Impacts ............................................ 57 4.3.3 Mitigation Measures ........................................ 59 4.3.4 Significance After Mitigation .................................. 59 South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -11- .. c . . . c . . .. . . c c . 4.4 Transportation/Traffic .............................................. 60 4.4.1 Environmental Setting ....................................... 60 4.4.2 Project Impacts ............................................ 63 4.4.3 Mitigation Measures ........................................ 66 4.4.4 Significance After Mitigation .................................. 66 4SAesthetics ....................................................... 67 4.5.1 Environmental Setting ....................................... 67 4.5.2 Project Impacts ............................................ 71 4.5.3 Mitigation Measures ........................................ 73 4.5.4 Significance After Mitigation .................................. 73 4.6Noise ........................................................... 74 4.6.1 Environmental Setting ....................................... 74 4.6.2 Project Impacts ............................................ 81 4.6.3 Mitigation Measures ........................................ 83 4.6.4 Significance After Mitigation .................................. 83 4.7AirQuality ....................................................... 84 4.7.1 Environmental Setting ....................................... 84 4.7.2 Project Impacts ............................................ 86 4.7.3 Mitigation Measures ........................................ 89 4.7.4 Significance After Mitigation .................................. 89 4.8 Public ServicesAJtilitiedService Systems ................................ 90 4.8.1 Water Service ........................................... 90 4.8.1.1 Environmental Setting ................................ 90 4.8.1.2 Project Impacts ..................................... 92 4.8.1.3 Mitigation Measures ................................. 92 4.8.1.4 Significance After Mitigation ........................... 92 4.8.2 Police Service ............................................. 92 4.8.2.1 Environmental Setting ................................ 92 4.8.2.2 Project Impacts ..................................... 93 4.8.2.3 Mitigation Measures ................................. 94 4.8.2.4 Significance After Mitigation ........................... 94 4.8.3 Fire Protection ............................................. 94 4.8.3.1 Environmental Setting ................................ 94 4.8.3.2 Project Impacts ..................................... 95 4.8.3.3 Mitigation Measures ................................. 96 4.8.3.4 Significance After Mitigation ........................... 96 4.8.4 School Facilities ..................................... 96 4.8.4.1 Environmental Setting ................................ 96 4.8.4.2 Project Impacts ..................................... 99 4.8.4.3 Mitigation Measures ................................ 101 4.8.4.4 Significance After Mitigation .......................... 101 South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan ... Program EIR -111- . . e c I . . . . c ” I . . . 4.8.5 Wastewater Service ........................................ 101 4.8.5.1 Environmental Setting ............................... 101 4.8.5.2ProjectImpacts .................................... 101 4.8.5.3 Mitigation Measures ................................ 102 4.8.5.4 Significance After Mitigation .......................... 102 4.9 Hazards and Hazardous Materials .................................... 103 4.9.1 Environmental Setting ...................................... 103 4.9.2 Project Impacts ........................................... 104 4.9.3 Mitigation Measures ....................................... 105 4.9.4 Significance Mer Mitigation ................................. 105 4.10 Population and Housing ........................................... 106 4.10.1 Environmental Setting ..................................... 106 4.10.2 Project Impacts .......................................... 117 4.10.3 Mitigation Measures ...................................... 120 4.10.4 Significance After Mitigation ................................ 120 4.1 1 Recreation ..................................................... 121 4.1 1.1 Environmental Setting ..................................... 121 4.1 1.2 Project Impacts .......................................... 128 4.1 1.3 Mitigation Measures ...................................... 130 4.1 1.4 Significance After Mitigation ................................ 130 4.12 Biological Resources ............................................. 131 4.12.1 Environmental Setting ..................................... 131 4.12.2 Project Impacts .......................................... 134 4.12.3 Mitigation Measures ...................................... 136 4.12.4 Significance After Mitigation ................................ 136 4.13 Cultural Resources ............................................... 137 4.13.1 Environmental Setting ..................................... 137 4.13.2 Project Impacts .......................................... 141 4.13.3 Mitigation Measures ...................................... 142 4.13.4 Significance After Mitigation ............................... 142 5.0 Cumulative Impacts ............................................... 143 6.0 Growth Inducing Impacts .......................................... 150 7.0 Project Alternatives ................................................ 151 7.2 Alternative Financing ........................................ 152 7.1 No Project ................................................ 151 7.3 Change The Project Area ..................................... 152 Involved in the Proposed Action Should It Be Implemented ................ 155 9.0 Effects Found Not To Be Significant .................................. 156 10.0 Organizations and Persons Consulted ................................ 157 8.0 Any Significant Irreversible Environmental Changes Which Would Be Appendices: Appendix A . Notice of Preparation Appendix B . Notice of Preparation Responses South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -iv- LIST OF EMiIBITS EXHIBIT PAGE 1. RegionalMap ....................................................... 18 2. VicinityMap ........................................................ 19 3. AerialPhotograph .................................................... 20 4. U.S.G.S. Topography Map ............................................. 21 5. Surface Level Photographs of Existing Uses ................................. 28 6. Surface Level Photographs of Existing Uses ................................. 29 7. Surface Level Photographs of Existing Uses ................................. 30 8. Surface Level Photographs of Existing Uses ................................. 3 1 9. Photo Key Map ...................................................... 32 10. General Plan Land Use Map .............................................. 33 11. ZoningMap ......................................................... 35 12. Local Coastal Plan Segments ............................................ 37 13. AirportInfluenceArea ................................................. 39 14. Airport Noise Contours ................................................ 76 15. Existing Noise Contours in City .......................................... 77 16. Existing Noise Contours in City .......................................... 78 17. Projected Noise Contours in City -Year 2010 ................................ 79 18. Projected Noise Contours in City - Year 2010 ............................... 80 19. Vegetation Map of Carlsbad ............................................ 132 20. Development Activity Map ............................................ 144 South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -V- LIST OF TABLES TABLE PAGE 1. Summary of Comments at November 8, 1999 Scoping Meeting ................... 3 2. Existing Levels of Service .............................................. 61 3. Number of Days Federal and State Ozone Emission Standards Were Exceeded at the Oceanside Monitoring Station 1989-1998 .................................. 85 4. Police Response Times ................................................. 92 5. CUSD Schools Serving the Project Area ................................... 97 6. Proposed Expansion Plans of CUSD Schools Serving Project Area ............... 97 7. Carlsbad Unified School District Student Generation Rates ..................... 98 South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Overview This Program Environmental Impact Report (Em) has been prepared for the Housing and Redevelopment Department (“Department”) of the City of Carlsbad to evaluate the potential environmental impacts that could occur with adopting a redevelopment plan for the proposed South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Project Area (“Plan”). It is the intent of this environmental document to address, as thoroughly as possible the potential environmental impacts that could be expected to occur with adopting the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan. As more specific, individual project are defined and more detailed information becomes available, additional environmental documentation may be need to be completed by the City as required by the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). 1.2 Brief Project Description The Housing and Redevelopment Department of the City of Carlsbad proposes to encourage both public and private rehabilitation and development in the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Project Area to reduce and eliminate blight. The life of the proposed redevelopment plan is for a period of 45 years from the date of Plan adoption. The Plan would provide the City of Carlsbad Housing and Redevelopment Commission (“Commission”) the authority to use eminent domain when necessary to acquire property for the benefit of the community during the first twelve years of the life of the Plan. The Plan also includes debt limits, amount of debt outstanding at any specific time, and a list of public improvement projects that may be fbnded by the Commission. A more detailed description of the Plan including public improvement projects and debt limits are discussed in the Project Description section of this Program EIR. 1.3 Statutory Authority Health and Safety Code Section 33352 requires that “Every redevelopment plan submitted by the agency to the legislative body shall be accompanied by a report containing all of the following.” The one requirement of Section 33352 relating to the environmental document is subsection (k) which states “The report required by Section 21 15 1 of the Public Resources Code.” California Public Resources Code 2 1 15 1 (a) states “All local agencies shall prepare, or cause to be prepared by contract, and certifi the completion of, an environmental impact report on any project that they intend to carry out or approve which may have a significant effect on the environment. When a report is required by Section 65402 of the Government Code, the environmental impact report may be submitted as a part of that report.” In addition, Section 15 180 of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines states “(a) All public and private activities or undertakings pursuant to or in fbrtherance of a redevelopment plan constitutes a single project, which shall be deemed approved at the time of South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -1- adoption of the redevelopment plan by the legislative body. The EIR in connection with the redevelopment plan shall be submitted in accordance with Section 33352 of the Health and Safety Code; (b) An EIR on a redevelopment plan shall be treated as a program EIR with no subsequent EIRs required for individual components of the redevelopment plan unless a subsequent EIR or a supplement to an EIR would be required by Section 15 162 or 15 163 ." This Program EIR has been prepared in accordance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Public Resources Code Section 21000 et seq and as allowed by the CEQA Guidelines Administrative Code Title 14, Chapter 3, Section 15 168(a). Based on Section 15 168(a), a Program EIR may be prepared on a series of actions that can be characterized as one large project and are related either: geographically; logical parts in the chain of contemplated actions; in connection with issuance of rules, regulations, plans, or other general criteria to govern the conduct of a continuing program; or individual activities carried out under the same authorizing statutory or regulatory authority and having generally similar environmental effects which can be mitigated in similar ways. Therefore, a Program EIR was prepared for the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan as required by Health and Safety Code Section 33352 and CEQA Guidelines Section 15 180. The City of Carlsbad Housing and Redevelopment Department is the Lead Agency for the preparation of this Program EIR. An Initial Study was prepared for the proposed South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan. Once the Initial Study was prepared, a Notice of Preparation (NOP) and Initial Study were mailed to various Responsible, Taxing, Trustee Agencies, County of San Diego County Clerk and interested persons for a 30-day review which ended November 19, 1999. A copy of the Initial Study and Notice of Preparation that was mailed for public review is included as Appendix A of this Program EIR. A list of organizations and persons that were sent a copy of the Initial Study and Notice of Preparation, as well as a copy of this Program EIR, is included as Section 10.0 of this EIR. Letters received by those public agencies that responded to the Notice of Preparation are included in Appendix B of this document. 1.4 Issues To Be Addressed The issues addressed in this Program EIR have been determined from completion of the Initial Study and correspondence with public agencies, organizations and individuals through the Notice of Preparation process and a public scoping meeting. The issues addressed in this Program EIR include: Aesthetics; Air Quality; Biological Resources; Cultural Resources; Geology/Soils; HydrologyWater Quality; Land Usemlanning; Noise; TransportatiodTrafic; Public ServicedUtilitiedService Systems; Hazards and Hazardous Materials; Population and Housing; and Recreation. In addition, this Program EIR addresses all other sections as required by the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -2- 1.5 Public Scoping Meeting A public scoping meeting as allowed by CEQA Guidelines Sections 15082 and 15083 was conducted by the City of Carlsbad Housing and Redevelopment Department on November 8, 1999 at 6:OO p.m. the City of Carlsbad Council Chambers. The City advertised the scoping meeting in a newspaper of general circulation in the City of Carlsbad. There were six people from the community that attended the scoping meeting. A brief project description was presented by Ms. Debbie Fountain with the City of Carlsbad Housing and Redevelopment Department. Several members of the public present raised environmental issues they felt should be discussed in the Program EIR. The names of the people that raised questions and a brief summary of their concern are presented below in Table 1. Table 1 Summary of Comments at November 8,1999 Scoping Meeting Person Commenting Lou Tashner, resident Dale Schreiber, resident David Loyd, NRG Energy, Inc. Ruth Love, Sempra Energy Dick Doan, civil engineer ConcedComment Concerned with hazardous materials, project level detail of the environmental document, will the document reflect recently approved projects (cumulative projects in the coastal zone), transit-oriented projects near railroad tracks, buildout of the master drainage system, the Agua Hedionda nature reserve designationhitigation bank, sewer capacity, undergrounding of utilities and address existing zoned uses. Wants the EIR to discuss the blighted area next to his mini storage facility in the Ponto area, the undergrounding of utilities, beach accesdunderpass. Wants the EIR to address the issue of how the Plan may impact sand entering Agua Hedionda lagoon blocking the entrance of water into the lagoon and entering the power plant intake structure, air pollution devices at power plant. Wants the EIR to address archaeological sites and inquired about the range of project alternatives. Had a question of the level of detail of the traffic analysis thal will be included in the EIR. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -3 - c 1.6 Organizations Affiliated With The Project The organizations listed below are affiliated with the project in the capacities indicated. Lead Agency/Applicant: Redevelopment Consultant: Environmental Consultant: Ms. Debbie Fountain City of Carlsbad Housing and Redevelopment Director 2965 Roosevelt Street, Suite B Carlsbad, CA 92008-2389 (760) 434-28 15 Mr. Frank Spevacek Rosenow Spevacek Group, Inc. 540 N. Golden Circle, Suite 305 Santa Ana, CA 92705-3914 (714) 541-4585 Mr. Phil Martin / Ms. Diane Bathgate, AICP Culbertson, Adams & Associates, Inc. 85 Argonaut, Suite 220 Aliso Viejo, CA 92656-4105 (949) 581-2888 1.7 Impacts Found Not To Be Significant Section 15142 of the CEQA Guidelines requires that the EIR must identifjl those impacts found not be significant in the Initial Study process as well as the EIR process accompanied by a brief explanation of why these impacts were found insignificant. Reference may be made to the Initial Study in Appendix A and to appropriate topical areas of this EIR for information on those impacts found not to be significant. Impacts found not to be significant include: agricultural resources and mineral resources. The reason for the finding of no significant impact to these environmental areas is that there are no elements of the Plan which will cause significant environmental effects to any of these disciplines and therefore, the project raises no issues regarding these environmental topics. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -4- 2.0 Executive Summary 2.1 Project Environmental Summary r The purpose of the project summary is to provide the reader with a summary of the potential environmental project impacts and suggested mitigation measures, if any, that may be associated with adoption and implementation of the proposed South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan. Since this is only a summary, it is suggested that the reader refer to the text of this document for a complete discussion of potential project impacts and issues. The summary of the potential project impacts and recommended mitigation measures as discussed in the EIR is presented below. Project Summary 1. Land Usfllanning Proiect Impacts While the Plan does not propose development directly, the adoption and implementation of the Plan would indirectly encourage redevelopment within the Project Area. The Plan incorporates by reference the City of Carlsbad General Plan. Therefore, future development must be in compliance with the City of Carlsbad General Plan Land Use Element as amended from time to time throughout the life of the Plan. The Plan would not have any significant land use impacts. The Plan would have positive land use impacts if the Commission can remove and eliminate existing blighted conditions within the Project Area. Mitigation Measures Since there have not been any significant land use impacts identified with adoption of the Plan, no mitigation measures are recommended. Level of Significance Mer Mitigation No unavoidable adverse land use impacts are anticipated with adoption and implementation of the Plan. 2. Geology/Soils Pro-iect Impacts The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not have any direct geology or soils impacts since the Plan does not directly propose any development. Indirectly the Plan is anticipated to encourage redevelopment of existing buildings and/or new development. south Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -5- e The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not expose people or property to any new or additional geotechnical constraints that are not present and would occur under existing conditions. Mitigation Measures Since no significant geology/soils impacts have been identified, no mitigation measures are recommended. Level of Significance Mer Mitigation No unavoidable adverse geology/soils impacts are anticipated with adoption and implementation of the Plan. 3. HydrologyRIrainage and Water Quality Pro-iect Impacts c The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly increase the amount of runoff generated within the project area, change existing drainage patterns or impact water quality since no development is directly proposed by the Plan. Indirectly the Plan would encourage development which could increase runoff, change drainage patterns and affect water quality. New development would have to meet and comply with all applicable city and state policies regarding runoff and the quality of runoff The adoption and implementation of the Plan would have positive impacts on hydrology and drainage if the Commission can assist the City of Carlsbad to construct the storm drain improvements listed in the Plan. Mitigation Measures The following mitigation measures are recommended to reduce indirect hydrology impacts associated with new development to a level of insignificance: 1. All development projects as determined by the City of Carlsbad Public Works Department shall prepare a preliminary hydrology study to determine whether or not the existing storm drain system serving the project area has capacity to handle the runoff from the site. 2. All projects shall comply with all applicable NPDES requirements and when necessary incorporate all applicable surface water pollution control measures to reduce or eliminate urban pollutants from entering local surface waters. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -6- " c " "^ _. Level of SiPnificance After Mitigation There will be no unavoidable adverse hydrology/drainage or water quality impacts with incorporation of the recommended mitigation measures. 4. Traffic and Circulation Project Impacts The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly generate traffic to area roadways and as a result would not have any traffic impacts. Traffic would be generated indirectly by the Plan due to new development that is anticipated to occur in the project area. Future development of private projects with financial assistance by the Commission would generate the same amount of traffic whether projects are developed with or without financial assistance by the Commission. The Plan would have positive impacts if the Commission is able to assist the City of Carlsbad with the construction of the street improvement projects listed in the Plan. Mitigation Measures Since no significant traffic impacts have been identified, no traffic mitigation measures are recommended. Significance After Mitigation No significant traflic and circulation impacts are anticipated with adoption and implementation of the Plan. 5. Aesthetics Pro-iect Impacts The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly result in any new construction or development that would have aesthetic impacts. Indirectly, however, the Plan would encourage redevelopment within the project area that could have aesthetic impacts. Short-term aesthetic construction impacts could occur during construction of public improvement projects. The incorporation of city adopted design guidelines into private development projects would reduce aesthetic impacts to a level of insignificance. Development would also have to meet applicable policies in the Agua Hedionda and Mello II Local Coastal Programs relating to scenic and visual resources. Overall, implementation of the Plan is anticipated to result in positive aesthetic impacts within the Project Area as redevelopment activities remove physical blighting conditions and upgrade the character of deteriorated or obsolete structures. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -7- Mitigation Measures The following measure is recommended to mitigate potential short-term aesthetic construction impacts: 1. Construction equipment staging areas shall be screened fiom public view or located in an area away fiom direct public view. Significance After Mitigation No significant aesthetic impacts are anticipated with incorporation of the recommended mitigation measure. 6. Noise Project Impacts The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly generate noise, therefore, the Plan would not have any noise impacts. Indirectly the Plan is anticipated to encourage development within the project area resulting in both short and long-term noise impacts. Compliance with the City’s Noise Ordinance would reduce potential noise impacts to a level of insignificance. c r- c Mitigation Measures Since no significant noise impacts have been identified, no mitigation measures are recommended. Significance After Mitigation There would be no significant noise impacts with adoption and implementation of the Plan. 7. Air Quality Proiect Impacts The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly have any air quality impacts because the Plan does not propose development that would generate air emissions. Indirectly, the Plan may facilitate the redevelopment of the Encina power generating facility to a smaller, more efficient power generating plant. However, the Plan is anticipated to indirectly encourage redevelopment of existing buildings or demolition of existing buildings and construction of new buildings in their place resulting in both short South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -8- c c ". c c and long-term air emissions. The San Diego County Air Pollution Control District is non- attainment for ozone. Additional air emissions would significantly impact the District since it is non-attainment for ozone. Mitigation Measures The following mitigation measure is recommended to reduce air emissions. While the following measure would serve to reduce air emissions typically associated with development, the measure is not all inclusive. As new air emission reduction measures are identified in the future, the City shall incorporate those air emission reduction measures into projects to firther reduce air emissions. However, the following measure would serve to reduce air emissions as practical that are associated with most projects anticipated to be developed in the project area: 1. The City of Carlsbad shall incorporate all applicable air emission reduction measures listed in the March 1994 Final Master EIR for the City of Carlsbad General Plan Update into all Commission assisted projects. In addition, the City shall incorporate new air emission reduction measures in the future as applicable to further reduce air emissions during both the short and long-term. Significance Mer Mitigation There would be significant air quality impacts indirectly associated with adoption and implementation of the Plan even with incorporation of the recommended mitigation measure. 8. Public Services Water Service Proiect Impacts The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not have any direct water service impacts because the Plan does not propose development that would consume or need water. Indirectly, however, the Plan would encourage redevelopment of existing buildings, demolition of existing buildings and construction of new buildings that would require water. New development would have to comply with the City's Growth Management Ordinance, requiring an adequate water supply prior to project approval. The Plan would have positive impacts to the Carlsbad Municipal Water District if the Commission is able to assist the District in constructing the water facility improvement projects listed in the Plan. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -9- Mitigation Measures Since no significant water supply impacts have been identified, no mitigation measures are recommended. Significance After Mitigation There would be no significant water supply impacts with adoption and implementation of the Plan. Police Service c L Project Impacts The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not impact police services because the Plan does not propose any development or construction. Indirectly, the Plan would encourage redevelopment of existing buildings and/or demolition of existing buildings and construction of new buildings in their place. Development would incrementally increase the demand for police protection services. However, no significant police protection impacts are anticipated. Mitipation Measures Since adoption of the Plan would not have any significant police protection impacts no mitigation measures are recommended. Significance After Mitigation There would be no significant adverse police protection impacts with adoption and implementation of the Plan. Fire Protection Proiect Impacts The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly have any fire protection impacts because the Plan does not propose any new development or construction. Indirectly the Plan would encourage redevelopment of existing blighted buildings and/or demolition of existing buildings and construction of new buildings in their place. While new development would incrementally increase calls for fire protection no significant fire protection impacts are anticipated. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -10- ” Mitigation Measures Since no significant fire protection impacts have been identified no mitigation measures are recommended. Significance After Mitigation There would be no significant adverse fire protection impacts with adoption and implementation of the Plan. School Facilities Project Impacts The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not have any impacts on school facilities since the Plan does not directly propose any development that would generate new students to area schools. Indirectly the Plan would encourage development which could generate students to the Carlsbad Unified School District and use the services of the San Diego Ofice of Education, Residential and commercial development in the project area would be required to pay developer fees to the Carlsbad Unified School District to mitigate potential student impacts. Mitigation Measures Since no significant school facility impacts have been identified no mitigation measures are recommended. Significance After Mitigation There would be no unavoidable adverse school impacts with adoption and implementation of the Plan. Wastewater Service Pro-iect Impacts The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly have any wastewater service impacts because the Plan does not propose development. However, the Plan is anticipated to indirectly encourage new development that would generate wastewater. While existing wastewater collection facilities serving the project area have capacity for additional development several upgrades to existing facilities are needed. Financial assistance by the Commission to construct the sewer facility improvement projects listed in the Plan would have positive impacts on wastewater service in the City of Carlsbad. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -1 1- c Mitigation Measures Since no significant wastewater service impacts have been identified no mitigation measures are recommended. Significance After Mitigation There would not be any significant wastewater collection and treatment impacts with adoption and implementation of the Plan. 9. Hazards and Hazardous Materials Project Impacts The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not have any hazard or hazardous materials impacts because the Plan does not directly propose development. Indirectly, however, the Plan would encourage development in the project area. There are no land uses allowed in the project area by the Land Use Element of the General Plan that would generate hazardous materials or expose people to hazardous materials. No uses anticipated to be developed in the project area would interfere with any emergency response plans or evacuation plans, including the Encinas power plant. Mitigation Measures Since no significant adverse hazardous waste or hazard impacts have been identified no mitigation measures are recommended. Significance After Mitigation There would be no significant adverse hazardous waste impacts with adoption and implementation of the Plan. 10.0 Population and Housing Project Impacts The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly have any population and housing impacts because the Plan does not include any development. Indirectly, the Plan is anticipated to encourage redevelopment of the project area which could remove existing residences and businesses and construction of new residential units and/or commercial uses. The Commission has adopted a relocation plan as required by the California Relocation Assistance Act to assist displaced residents and business owners due to South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -12- implementation of the Plan. The Plan would require the Commission to set aside at least 20% of the tax increment collected from the project area for increasing, improving or maintaining low and moderate income housing. Adoption of the Plan would allow the Commission to provide increased hnding for low and moderate income housing. Since the City has not met its low and moderate income requirement the Plan could be a positive impact by providing additional hnding to help the City meet its low and moderate housing requirement. Future development in the project area is not anticipated to have any significant housing or population impacts because development in the project areas must be consistent with the City’s General Plan. Mitigation Measures Since no significant population or housing impacts have been identified no mitigation measures are recommended. Significance After Mitigation There would not be any unavoidable adverse population or housing impacts with adoption and implementation of the Plan. 11.0 Recreation Proiect ImDacts The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly have any recreation impacts because the Plan does not propose any development. The Plan is anticipated to encourage development in the project area which could increase the demand for recreational facilities. All residential development would be required to pay Quimby fees and/or dedicate land to off-set impacts due to increased demand for recreational facilities. Mitigation Measures Since no significant recreation impacts have been identified no mitigation measures are recommended. Simificance After Mitigation There would not be any unavoidable adverse recreation impacts with adoption and implementation of the Plan. South Carisbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -13- .“ 12.0 Biological Resources Pro-iect Impacts t -- ” - The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not have any biological impacts because the Plan does not directly propose development. Indirectly, however, the Plan would encourage development in the project area, both private and public, that could impact biological resources either in or adjacent to the project area. Mitigation Measures The following mitigation measure is recommended to reduce potential biological resource impacts. 1. The City of Carlsbad Planning Department shall submit proposed improvement plans for Carlsbad Boulevard and Cannon Lake Water Quality Improvements to U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and California Department of Fish and Game prior to start of construction to determine whether or not any permits from the respective resource agencies are required. The City shall obtain all necessary permits from the resource agency’s prior to the start of construction. Significance Mer Mitipation There would not be any unavoidable adverse biological resource impacts with adoption and implementation of the Plan. 13.0 Cultural Resources Pro-iect Impacts The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not have any cultural resource impacts because the Plan does not directly propose development. Indirectly, however, the Plan would encourage development in the project area that could impact paleontological, cultural andor historical resources. Mitigation Measures The following mitigation measures have been brought forward from the implementing policies and action programs of the Open Space and Conservation Element of the General Plan and are recommended: South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -14- 1. Incorporate the Cultural Resources Guidelines in the environmental review of all public and private development projects assisted by the Commission. 2. Implement the following measures associated with grading and construction of site suspected of containing paleontological resources: Phase 1 : Phase 1 shall consist of a qualified paleontologist doing a literature and records search, surface study, subsurface testing if necessary, the recordation of any sites, and a recommendation regarding the need for hrther work. Phase 2: If it is determined during Phase 1 that hrther work is necessary, it shall consist of the following: a. A qualified paleontological monitor shall be present at a pre grading conference with the developer, grading contractor, and the environmental review coordinator. The purpose of this meeting would be to consult and coordinate the role of the paleontologist in the grading of the site. A qualified paleontologist is an individual with adequate knowledge and experience with fossilized remains likely to be present to identifjl them in the field and is adequately experienced to remove the resources for hrther study. No grading permits shall be issued until the monitoring plan has been approved by the Planning Director. b. A paleontologist or designate shall be present during those relative phases of grading as determined at the pre grading conference. The monitor shall have the authority to temporarily direct, divert or halt grading to allow recovery of fossil remains. At the discretion of the monitor, recovery may include washing and picking of soil samples for micro-vertebrate bone and teeth. The developer shall authorize the deposit of any resources found on the project site in an institution staffed by qualified paleontologists as may be determined by the Planning Director. The contractor shall be aware of the random nature of fossil occurrences and the possibility of a discovery of such scientific and/or educational importance which might warrant a long term salvage operation or preservation. Any conflicts regarding the role of the paleontologist and/or recovery times shall be resolved by the Planning Director. 3. Phase 3: Prior to occupancy of any buildings a paleontological monitoring report shall be submitted to the Planning Director and the Carlsbad Historic Preservation Commission. This report shall describe all the materials recovered and provide a tabulation of the number of hours spent by paleontological monitors on the site. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -15- ” . - - Significance Mer Mitigation No significant impacts to cultural resources are anticipated with adoption and implementation of the Plan and incorporation of the recommended mitigation measures. 2.2 Project Alternatives The Project Alternatives presented in Section 7.0 of this document were provided as required by Section 15126.6 of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). Alternatives to the project are provided to reduce potential significant environmental effects that may be associated with adoption and implementation of the proposed Plan as well as feasible project alternatives. The project alternatives discussed in this EIR include the “No Project,” as required by CEQA, Alternative Financing and Changing the Project Area. Although project alternatives are required to reduce potential environmental impacts associated with a proposed project, there were no significant impacts identified with adoption and implementation of the Plan. However, two additional project alternatives, in additional to the required No Project, have been provided and evaluated in the EIR. 2.3 Areas of Controversy/Issues To Be Resolved CEQA requires the EIR Summary to identifjl areas of controversy known to the lead agency, including issues raised by public agencies, issues to be resolved including the choice among alternatives, and how to mitigate potential significant effects. A copy of the NOPAnitial Study is included as Appendix A of the EIR. Responses received to the NOPAnitial Study of issues or concerns with adoption of the Plan are presented in Appendix B. As much information as possible has been presented in the EIR regarding the public issues listed above. Information such as the location of future development sites, whether or not the Agency will need to acquire property, type of uses anticipated to occur on future development sites, etc. are not known at this time. It is speculative at this time to determine land use densities and number of residential units that would be developed on property acquired by the Commission. Detailed project information will be available for further analysis at the time site specific projects are submitted to the City of Carlsbad for approval. When a project is submitted for approval the City will determine whether or not subsequent environmental evaluation as required by the CEQA would be required. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan hogram EIR -16- ” 3.0 Project Description 3.1 Project Location and Boundaries The project is located in the City of Carlsbad as shown in Exhibit 1, Regional Map. More specifically, the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Project is located in the extreme western area of the city as shown in Exhibit 2, Vicinity Map. The project area extends from the Encinas power plant and the Aqua Hedionda lagoon along Carlsbad Boulevard to the southern city limits. The project area totals approximately 513 acres. Exhibit 3 is an aerial photograph of the project area showing the existing land uses within the project area as well as surrounding land uses. A U.S.G.S. topography map showing the elevations throughout the project area is presented in Exhibit 4. The existing elevations in the project area range from sea level to approximately 70 feet above sea level at the highest point. 3.2 Environmental Setting The City of Carlsbad is located in the northwest section of San Diego County approximately 35 miles north of downtown San Diego and 90 miles south downtown Los Angeles. Carlsbad comprises approximately 42 square miles of incorporated land and shares it borders with the cities of Oceanside, Vista, San Marcos and Encinitas. Based on information fiom the State of California, the City of Carlsbad had a population of approximately 77,600 people as of January I, 1999.’ The project area is urbanized and includes the Encina power plant, the outer Agua Hedionda lagoon, agricultural land, Carlsbad Boulevard, vacant CALTRANS property, commercial uses including a public storage facility, boarding kennels, Carlsbad State Beach and several residential homes in the Ponto area. The single largest private development in the project area is the Encina power plant. A brief description of the plant is provided below. Encina Power Plant The Encina power plant is owned and operated by NRG Energy, Inc. The power plant was previously owned and operated by San Diego Gas & Electric (SDG&E) who recently sold the power plant to NRG Energy, Inc. Prior to SDG&E selling the power plant, the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) prepared a Mitigated Negative Declaration for San Diego Gas and Electric Company’s Divestiture of Electric Generating Assets. SDG& E was required to sell the ‘California State Department of Finance, Demographic Research Unit, Official State Estimates, May 1999. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -17- PACIFIC OCEAN \ \ ~AN DIEGO COUNTY\ NO SCALE 1 ” Regional Location Map CULBERTSON. A”s &ASSOCUTeS PLANNING CONSULTANTS EXHIBIT 1 LEGEND - - - - PROJECT AREA BOUNDARY - - - - NOT A PART 8 NO SCALE CULBERTSON. ADAMS &ASSOCIATES PLANNING CONSULTANTS VICINITY MAP EXHIBIT 2 * ~ SOUTH CARLSBAD COASTAL REDEVELOPMENT PLAN AERIAL PHOTOGRAPH CULBUTSON.A”S&ASSOClATE.s ?LANNINO CONSULTANTS EXHIBIT 3 U.S.G.S.TOP0 MAP CULdESlTSON. hAhS & ASSOCIATES ?L*NNING CONSULTANTS EXHIBIT 4 ” .- c Encina power plant along with the South Bay power plant, 17 combustion turbines (CTs) as well as several other electrical generating assets as a condition of the Commission’s approval of the merger of SDG&E parent company, Enova Corporation, with Pacific Enterprises (Southern California Gas Company) to form Sempra Energy. The Mitigated Negative Declaration will be referenced as applicable throughout this Program EIR to present information and data relative to the Encina power plant. A copy of the Mitigated Negative Declaration is on file with the City of Carlsbad Planning Department for public review. 3.3 Project Description The redevelopment project area was selected by the City of Carlsbad based on existing blighted conditions within the project area. Existing blighted conditions include: The Ponto area is characterized by mixed ownership of lots of irregular shape and size, incompatible land uses, and impaired investments. Approximately fifty percent of the buildings within this area are dilapidated or deteriorated. Many properties lack adequate spacing for ingresdegress, on-site parking, and storage. a The Encina power generating facility adjoins residential neighborhoods, beaches, the Agua Hedionda Lagoon that are subject to the plant’s emissions and aesthetic impacts. The 200-foot tall facility is clearly visible from single-family homes, a public park and Carlsbad state beach and is out of scale with the lower profile surrounding uses. Encina stores, uses and releases hazardous materials on-site, in close proximity to environmentally sensitive areas such as a park, lagoon, state beach, and residential neighborhoods. The Project Area is also characterized with substandard public facilities that may be addressed through implementation of the redevelopment program. The proposed South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan would have a life of 45 years from the date of adoption. The Plan provides for the ability for the Commission to assemble property and outlines debt limits, financing criteria, and a list of public improvement projects the Commission may hnd in conjunction with the City of Carlsbad. More detailed information on the various aspects of the Plan are discussed below. Life of the Plan - The Plan would be in existence for 45 years from the date of adoption. The Plan is scheduled for adoption in July 2000. Therefore, the Plan would be in effect until the year 2045. Eminent Domain -The Plan includes the authority of the Commission to use eminent domain to acquire and assemble property within the project area. The Commission would have the authority to use eminent domain to acquire and assemble property during the first 12 years of the Plan. Should the Commission wish to continue to have the authority to use eminent domain after twelve years, the Plan would have to be amended to extend the authority to use eminent domain South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -22- I up to twelve additional years. Although the Plan provides the Commission with the authority to use eminent domain, the Commission plans on using other means to acquire and assemble property, with eminent domain being used only as a last resort. Debt Limit -The Plan would allow the Department to incur additional debt throughout the life of the Plan. The amount of bond debt that can be outstanding at any particular time during the life of the Plan is $100 million. Public Improvement Projects - Provided below is a list of public improvement projects that are listed in the Plan that could, at the Commission's discretion, be funded should adequate revenue become available. While the Commission is not required to fund the projects listed, the Commission could fbnd all or a portion of the projects as revenue becomes available. The public improvement projects included in the Plan include: Drainage Facilities 1. Construct Master Drainage Plan facility BAA. 2. Construct the extension of Master Drainage Plan facility CA. 3. Construct Master Drainage Plan facility DA. 4. Construct the replacement 12' x 5' reinforced concrete box culvert under 5. Cannon Lake Water Quality Improvements-the existing lake bed will need major southbound Carlsbad Boulevard at Encinas Creek. improvements to maintain and improve the water quality for this lake. Road Facilities 1. Construct the realignment of Carlsbad Boulevard from Manzono Drive to Avenida 2. Widen Carlsbad Boulevard from Cannon Road to Manzano Drive to meet the Encinas to provide additional right-of-way for other potential uses. standards established for Carlsbad Boulevard by the City of Carlsbad Circulation Element. 3. Construct improvements to Palomar Airport Road, including widening and a new bridge overcrossing the railroad tracks, from Avenida Encinas to Carlsbad Boulevard to meet the City of Carlsbad Circulation Element standards for this roadway section. 4. Construct the Ponto DrivdCarlsbad Boulevard frontage roads along the east side of Carlsbad Boulevard adjacent to Lanakai mobile home park and adjacent to the development north of Avenida Encinas to meet City roadway standards such as curb and gutters, sidewalks, and street lights. Also construct the extension of Ponto Drive to City standards that is presently a private road. Carlsbad Boulevard in compliance with the City of Carlsbad Circulation Element. 5. Construct the Poinsettia Lane bridge and Poinsettia Lane from Avenida Encinas to 6. Construct the realignment of Carlsbad Boulevard. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -23 - Water Distribution Facilities 1. Construct the up sizing of approximately 560 feet of 6" water line in Avenida 2. Replace approximately 2,500 feet of 10" water line along Carlsbad Boulevard 3. Construct approximately 3,350 feet of 12" water line along Carlsbad Boulevard 4. Construct approximately 2,500 feet of 10" water line along Carlsbad Boulevard 5. Construct approximately 1,500 feet of 12" water line along Poinsettia Land from Encinas near Cannon Road to a 10" waterline. north of Palomar Airport Road. south of Palomar Airport Road. south of Encinas Creek. Avenida Encinas to Carlsbad Boulevard. Sewer Facilities 1. Construct the Vista Carlsbad Sewer trunk line and lift station from Agua Hedionda to the Encinas Treatment Plant. 2. Construct the Avenida Encinas gravity sewer line extension to eliminate existing odor complaints. 3. Construct the Poinsettia Lane sewer relocation improvements along Poinsettia Lane in conjunction with the Poinsettia Lane bridge widening project. Housing; Programs 1. Housing set-aside finds will be invested into affordable housing rehabilitation and development projects throughout the City. 3.4 The Intended Use of This Program EIR The intended use of this Program EIR is threefold: 1. The proposed Redevelopment Plan meets the definition of "Project" according to the CEQA Guidelines $1 5 180 and Public Resources Code $2 1090. Mer hrther environmental review it was determined that adoption and implementation of the Plan could have significant effects on the environment and an EIR would be prepared. This Program EIR meets the CEQA Guidelines requirements for the preparation of an EIR for this project as stated in Section 15 180. 2. This Program EIR meets the requirement of the Health and Safety Code $33352 (k) whereby the Program EIR for the Redevelopment Plan is included as part of the report to the legislative body and describes the existing environmental conditions in the project area, assesses the potential environmental impacts that may be associated with the adoption and South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -24- c implementation of the proposed Redevelopment Plan and recommends mitigation measures when required to mitigate potential significant impacts. 3. The Program EIR would be referenced in the future should the Commission utilize eminent domain to acquire property within the project area or hnd the construction of public improvement projects. While the Program EIR for the Redevelopment Plan need only be as specific as the Plan itself, the adequacy of the coverage of the Program EIR as to future public and private development activities and acquisition of property by eminent domain would determine the extent to which those hture development activities may require further environmental assessment. According to CEQA Guidelines 5 15 180(a), no subsequent EIR's are required for individual components of a Redevelopment Plan unless a subsequent EIR or supplement to an EIR will be required by 5 15 162 or 3 15 163 of the CEQA Guidelines. Additional environmental review would be conducted by the City of Carlsbad in compliance with CEQA in conjunction with all future Commission sponsoredassisted development projects andor acquisitions of property for development utilizing eminent domain. When required by CEQA, subsequent environmental documentation would be prepared by the City of Carlsbad accordingly for each project. 3.5 Project Objective The objective of the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan is to remove blight and increase the economic viability of the project area. The proposed Plan would allow the Commission to work with the City of Carlsbad to accomplish this objective by: 1) assisting the City in constructing some or all of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan to benefit the project area and the City; and 2) providing a variety of funding sources for use by the Commission to allow the Commission the option to fund projects which can reduce or eliminate blight, provide additional low and moderate income housing and improve the economic viability of the project area. The major goals of the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan are to: eliminate physical blight; create new employment opportunities; improve recreational facilities; mitigate environmental impacts of the Encinas power plant; encourage uniform and consistent land use patterns; encourage private commerciallresidential rehabilitation; and encourage development and capital investment. The tools of the Plan, including the use of tax increment revenue to assist the private sector and listing public improvement projects, can be used by the Commission to meet the goals of the Plan. Specifically, the Plan is intended to achieve the following goals: e Eliminate blight and environmental deficiencies in the Project Area. e Assemble land into parcels suitable for modern, integrated development with improved pedestrian and vehicular circulation in the Project Area. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -25- c a Replan, redesign, and develop properties which are stagnant or improperly utilized. a Increase, improve, and preserve the community’s supply of housing affordable to very low, low, and moderate income households. a Develop new beach and coastal recreational opportunities. a Facilitate the redevelopment of the Encina power generating facility to a smaller, more efficient power generating plant. 0 Fund the Carlsbad Boulevard realignment which will yield excess property that could facilitate expansion of the Carlsbad State Beach campgrounds and other recreational facilities. c a Retain as many existing businesses as possible by means of redevelopment and rehabilitation activities. a Enhance commercial and recreational functions in the Project Area. a Strengthen the economic base of the Project Area and the community by the installation of needed on- and off-site improvements to stimulate new commercialhndustrial expansion, employment, and economic growth. a Increase parking and open space amenities. a Implement performance criteria to assure quality site design environmental standards to provide unity and integrity to the entire Project Area development. south Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -26- I -" c 4.0 Environmental Setting, Project Impacts, Mitigation Measures and Significance After Mitigation 4.1 Land Use 4.1,l Environmental Setting The project area is comprised of existing residential, commercial and industrial development, roadways, agricultural land, State beach and open space. The types of existing land uses within the project area include the Encinas power plant, the outer portion of the Agua Hedionda lagoon, Carlsbad Boulevard, a private public storage facility, approximately six residential homes, vacant CALTRANS property, South Carlsbad State Beach and agricultural land. Surface level photographs of the existing land uses in the project area are shown in Exhibits 5, 6, 7 and 8. A photo key map showing the locations of the photographs is presented in Exhibit 9. " The City of Carlsbad General Plan Land Use Map guides development within the city. The existing land use designations for the project area are shown in Exhibit 10. As shown the land use designations include OS (Open Space), U (Public Utilities), T-R (Travemecreation Commercial), PI (Planned Industrial), and RMH (Residential Medium High Density). The types .of uses allowed by each of the land use designations is discussed below. Open Space: The uses allowed in open space include existing parks and special resource areas. The Open Space and Conservation Element of the General Plan divides the broad definition of open space into the following five categories: a. Open Space for Preservation of Natural Resources b. Open Space for Managed Production of Resources c. Open Space for Outdoor Recreation d. Open Space for Aesthetic, Cultural and Educational Purposes e. Open Space for Public Health and Safety The Parks and Recreation Element delineates three categories of park land for development in open space areas including community parks, special resource areas and special use areas. Community parks are intended to provide diversified activity, both active and passive to meet the broader recreational needs of several surrounding neighborhoods. Public Utilities: Primary fknctions include such things as the generation of electrical energy, treatment of waste water, public agency maintenance storage and operating South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -27- " c c !- I ,,,',! Looking east from the Ponto Drive frontage road 1. >\ a.. W Looking west from a drive- way along Ponto Drive I I South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan EXHIBIT 5 c ” c c Looking east from a drive- way along Ponto Drive Looking east from a drive- way along Ponto Drive Looking north into a drive- way along Ponto Drive South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan EXHIBIT 6 c " Looking southeast from the Ponto Drive frontage road c c Looking west along Ponto Drive as it curves north into a frontage road Looking east from the onto Drive frontage road South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan EXHIBIT 7 c 1 Looking northwest from Cannon Road Looking wes )t from Cannon Road South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan EXHIBIT 8 SOUTH CARLSBAD COASTAL REDEVELOPMENT PLAN PHOTO KEY MAP EXHIBIT 9 CULBERTSCU.ADAMS&hSOCIATES ILANNING CONSULTANTS L GENERAL PLAN && i ......... ,"*.....="'r os .......... ............. .......... .......... -..a .. -. .......... " - . I . , . . , . . .......... ?UNNINC CONSULTANTS SOUTH CARLSBAD COASTAL REDEVELOPMENT PLAN GENERAL PLAN LAND USE MAP EXHIBIT 10 facilities, or other primary utility fbnctions designated to serve all or a substantial portion of the community.* TraveVRecreation Commercial: This category addresses commercial uses that provide for visitor attractions and commercial uses which serve the travel and recreational needs of tourists, residents as well as employees of business and industrial centers. Often such sites are located near major transportation corridors or recreational and resort areas such as spas, hotels, beaches or lagoons.’ Planned Industrial: Planned Industrial land uses include those areas currently used for, proposed as, or adjacent to industrial development, including manufacturing, warehousing, storage, research and development and utility uses. Agricultural and outdoor recreation uses on lots of one acre or more are considered to be a proper interim use for industrially designated areas.‘ Residential Medium High Density: This land use designation allows the development of urban multiple residential areas characterized by one and two-story condominium or apartment developments 8- 15 dwelling units per acre. The existing zoning designations for land in the project area are shown in Exhibit 1 1. As shown the existing zoning includes Open Space (OS), Public Utility Zone (P-U), Commercial-Tourist Qualified Development Overlay Zone (C-T-Q), Residential Density-Multiple Zone Qualified Development Overlay Zone (RD-M-Q) and Beach Overlay Zone. Local Coastal Program (LCP) Approximately one-third of the City of Carlsbad is located within the Coastal Zone. The 1976 Coastal Act created the mandate for preparation of Local Coastal Programs and established the following goals: 1. Protect, maintain, and where feasible, enhance and restore the overall quality of the Coastal Zone environment and its natural and man-made resources. c 2. Assure orderly, balanced utilization and conservation of Coastal Zone resources taking into account the social and economic needs of the people of the State. c c ’Ibid ’City of Carlsbad General Plan Land Use Element, page 18. ‘Ibid South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -34- s SOUTH CARLSBAD COASTAL REDEVELOPMENT PLAN culsmwrr.AMw&AsIoclAlEs ZONING MAP EXHIBIT 11 PLANNING CONSULTANTS 3. Maximize public access to and along the coast and maximize public recreational opportunities in the Coastal Zone consistent with sound resource conservation principles and constitutionally protected rights of private property owners. 4. Assure priority for coastal-dependent development over other development on the coast. 5. Encourage State and local initiatives and cooperation in preparing procedures to implement coordinated planning and development for mutually beneficial uses, including educational uses, in the Coastal Zone.' c Carlsbad's Local Coastal Program is consistent with the General Plan, but it is a separate document containing separate land uses policies and implementation measure which must also be compiled within addition to the General Plan. The City is separated into six segments and each segment is regulated by a separate LCP. The proposed project area is located in the Agua Hedionda and Mello I1 segments as shown in Exhibit 12, The City of Carlsbad adopted a Local Coastal Program in July 1996. The California Coastal Commission certified the LCP in October 1996. The LCP incorporates all six coastal segments in the city within one single document. A brief discussion of the Agua Hedionda and Mello I1 LCP segments is provided below: Agua Hedionda: The Agua Hedionda LCP includes the Agua Hedionda lagoon and land surrounding the lagoon including the Encinas power plant. The land use plan of the Agua Hedionda LCP was adopted on May 18, 1982. The lagoon comprises approximately 230 acres of water surface, upland marsh and wetland area. The lagoon extends approximately 1.7 miles inland from the coast and consists of three distinct areas: a. Outer lagoon - comprising 66 acres of water used as a cooling water source for the Encinas power plant, formerly the San Diego Gas & Electric (SDG&E) power plant. passive recreation uses. for active recreation activities. Additional wetland area, containing environmentally sensitive habitats are located at the extreme eastern end of the lagoon. b. Middle lagoon - comprising 27 acres of water surface used principally for c. Inner lagoon - comprising approximately 140 acres of water surface used 'City of Carlsbad Local Coastal Program 1996, page 1. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -36- AGUA HEDIONDA LAGOON WEST BATlQUlTOS LAGOON EAST BATlQUlTOS LAGOON """1 PROJECT BOUNDARY NOT A PART 1""" LCP SEGMENT BOUNDARIES CULBERTSON, ADAMS &ASSOCIATES EXHIBIT 12 PLANNING CONSULTANTS I Originally the lagoon was an increasingly restricted salt water marsh, the result of accumulated sedimentation and the absence of tidal flushing. Between 1952 and 1954 SDG&E removed approximately 3 10,000 cubic yards of sediment fiom the lagoon restoring the lagoon to an average depth of 10 feet and opening the lagoon mouth to permanent tidal flushing. The portion of the Agua Hedionda LCP within the boundary of the proposed South Carlsbad Redevelopment Plan includes the outer portion of Agua Hedionda lagoon, the power plant and the 45-acre parcel of land east and adjacent to the fieeway. Although the City has adopted this LCP, it has not adopted the implementing ordinance. Therefore, development within the Agua Hedionda LCP must be approved by the Coastal Commission. The land uses designated by the Agua Hedionda LCP for the land within the redevelopment project area is the same as designated by the City of Carlsbad General Plan Land Use Element which is Open Space, Public Utilities and TraveVRecreational uses. Mello 11: This LCP includes the portion of the project area located south of the Encinas power plant along Carlsbad Boulevard to Batiquitos Lagoon. Existing land uses within this portion of the project area include Carlsbad Boulevard, vacant land, commercial and residential units in the Ponto area and the State beach. Airoort Influence Area A portion of the project area is included in the influence area associated with aircraft operations at the McClellan-Palomar Airport. Exhibit 13 shows the portion of the project area within the airport influence area. As shown in this exhibit only the central portion of the project area is located in the influence area of the airport. The influence area includes that area of noise levels greater than 60 CNEL associated with landings and takeoffs at the airport. The City has prepared a Comprehensive Land Use Plan for the McClellan-Palomar Airport which is a long-range master plan for the airport. The airport's current annual operation of approximately 235,000 aircraft is expected to increase to the airport's ultimate build out condition of approximately 334,000 aircraft. In general, land in the immediate vicinity of the airport or under the take off or landing approach is subject to noise levels which are unsuitable for residential development, schools, hospitals and other similar noise sensitive uses. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -3 8- P c c . c ..-.. ........ ,..... " ..... .,.__.. I :>, I - II I Environmentallv Sensitive Lands Open space lands which are constrained or prohibited from development including beaches, lagoons, wetlands, other permanent water bodies, riparian habitats and steep slopes. The designated environmentally sensitive lands in the project area include: Agua Hedionda lagoon; the area generally bound by Cannon Road on the north, the NCTD railroad tracks on the east, Carlsbad Boulevard on the north and Palomar Road on the south; and the open space area between the north and south bound travel lanes of Carlsbad Boulevard. Growth Management Plan The City developed a Growth Management Plan and was ratified by the City voters in November 1986. The Growth Management Plan establishes performance standards for eleven public facilities (city administration, library, wastewater treatment, parks, drainage, circulation, fire, open space, schools, sewer collection and water distribution). As part of the City's Growth Management Program a dwelling unit limitation was established for each of the four quadrants in the City. To ensure that residential development through buildout of the City does not exceed the quadrant limits Growth Management Control Points were established for each of the residential land use density ranges. The City shall not approve any residential development at a density that exceeds the Growth Management Control Point of the applicable density range without making specific findings6 The residential land use within the project area is located in the Ponto area and is designated as Residential Medium High (RMH) with a density range of 8-1 5 dwelling units per acre and a Growth Management Control Point of 1 1.5 units per acre. Encinas Power Plant The Encinas Power Plant is located on a 671-acre site. While SDG&E owns 291 acres, NRG, Inc. owns the remaining 380 acres, including the power plant facility itself along with supporting facilities. The Encinas power plant includes power generation facilities, fuel tanks, a switch yard, machine shop, and related facilities on approximately 95 acres south of the Agua Hedionda lagoon. The outer portion of Agua Hedionda lagoon provides a source of cooling water for the power plant. The outer lagoon also serves as a sea bass fish hatchery and a mussel farm. 6Final Master Environmental Impact Report for the City of Carlsbad General Plan Update, March 1994, page 5.6-6,7. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -40- c 4.1.2 Project Impacts The threshold criteria for determining whether or not adoption of the proposed Plan would have a significant impact on land use is determined by two factors: 1) the policy content of the plan, and 2) the impacts resulting from land use locations and intensitieddensities. The adoption and implementation of the Plan would have potentially significant impacts if it: 1. Conflicts with established regional plans and the airport master plans; 2. Establishes uses that have a severe effect on the public’s health, safety and welfare; 3. Represents a substantial change in the design character and form, and/or mix or 4. Establishes less than 15 percent of the total land area, exclusive of environmentally arrangement of uses in the City, or constrained non-developable land, as permanent open space. City of Carlsbad General Plan Adoption and implementation of the Plan would not change the existing land use or zoning designations for those properties within the project area because the Plan incorporates the existing City of Carlsbad General Plan by reference. Therefore, the existing land use designations would remain throughout the life of the Plan, or as amended by the City in the future from time to time. In addition to complying with applicable land use and zoning designations, all future projects would have to comply with and be consistent with the various elements of the General Plan as well as all applicable goals and policies of each element of the General Plan. All projects, when submitted to the City of Carlsbad Planning Department for approval would be reviewed for compliance and consistency with the various elements and policies of the General Plan. The proposed Plan, if adopted, is anticipated to encourage development of projects within the project area much sooner than if the Plan is not adopted. The ability of the Commission to: 1) provide financial incentives, 2) acquire and assemble property; 3) provide hnding for public infiastructure improvements; 4) use redevelopment funds to rehabilitate and upgrade existing buildings in the project area; 5) provide additional low and moderate income housing, etc. is the impetus needed for private andor public projects to proceed and move forward to reduce blight and improve the economic viability of the project area. As has occurred in the past and is presently occurring, neither the private nor public sectors acting alone are able to upgrade and improve the economic viability of the project area. The adoption of the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan is anticipated to have positive land use impacts by encouraging the Commission and the private community to reduce blight, upgrade buildings to meet current building codes and improve the aesthetics and economic viability of the project area. The improvement of blighted property in the project area due to redevelopment would have positive land uses impacts to the community as a whole. Adoption of the Plan may facilitate funding and implementation of listed infrastructure improvements that South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -41- implement the General Plan and will augment the ability to provide expanded recreational facilities. The rehabilitation and remodeling of existing blighted buildings, construction of new buildings and increased property values with subsequent tax increment to the Commission from the project area would have positive land use impacts for the City of Carlsbad. Some existing buildings need to be upgraded to comply with current building codes and other structural improvements may needed as well as painting, landscape maintenance, minor repairs, and improved signage. Implementation of the Plan would allow the Commission to assist property owners with improving the project area both physically and economically. The Commission may acquire blighted properties and/or incompatible uses and assemble property for development. The Commission can demolish blighted buildings and construct new buildings in their place. This type of activity and participation by the Commission can significantly improve the aesthetics and economic viability of the project area as well as improve land use compatibility. The rehabilitation of existing buildings or demolition of blighted buildings and construction of new buildings could significantly improve the compatibility of land uses within the project area among existing and future land uses. The development of projects through the efforts and assistance of the Commission could lead indirectly to secondary environmental impacts. Although development would reduce blight and improve the economic viability of the area, additional development could reduce open space, increase the need for public services and utilities, increase traffic, air emissions, noise, etc. Although the project area is urbanized and developed there are vacant and/or underutilized parcels that if developed would reduce open space and increase the demand for public services and utilities. The potential for land use impacts to surrounding land uses due to new development would depend upon the type of new development, and design and compatibility of the project with adjacent land uses. These site specific environmental effects would be identified and evaluated at the time site specific development plans are submitted to the City for approval. The adoption and implementation of the Plan could encourage additional development in the project area sooner than anticipated. The Plan allows the Agency to assist the private sector to eliminate blight in the project area. The Commission can work with the private sector to provide assistance towards redevelopment that could occur much sooner than without assistance and participation by the Commission. From a land use standpoint the Plan could encourage development of existing vacant parcels consistent with the general plan, including recycling existing land uses consistent with the general plan and compliance with current building codes. Upgrading existing structures to current building codes, current architectural and design guidelines would have positive land use impacts. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -42- Local Coastal Programs ” ._ Future development in the project area would have to comply and be consistent with the applicable Agua Hedionda and Mello I1 LCP. While the Plan does not include the development of any private projects all fbture development must be consistent with and be in compliance with the applicable local coastal program. The public improvement projects listed in the Plan would also have to comply with the respective LCP. Each public improvement project would be reviewed by the City for consistency with the respective LCP prior to construction. Aimort Influence Area The Plan does not propose any uses that would directly impact the continued operation of the McClellan-Palomar Airport. Future development within the project area would have to be consistent with the City’s General Plan as well as McClellan-Palomar Airport Use Master Plan. The land uses designated for the portion of the project area within the influence of the McClellan- Palomar Airport would not impact airport operations and are consistent with the airport master plan. Environmentallv Sensitive Lands The Plan does not propose any projects or development that would impact or change any environmentally sensitive lands. Any fbture public improvement projects or private development projects that are proposed within the project area would have to be consistent with and comply with the General Plan and its implementing criteria to protect any environmentally sensitive land and habitat. Growth Management Plan The Plan does not propose to develop or construct any residential housing. The Plan does require the Commission to set aside at least 20 percent of the tax increment collected fiom the project area to increase, improve or preserve low and moderate income housing. Any new low and moderate income housing assisted by the Commission would have to be in compliance and consistent with and the City’s Growth Management Plan. Encinas Power Plant The adoption of the Plan would not change any existing land use designations presently associated with the power plant. The P-U zoning regulations for the power plant also specifjl that “No building permit or other entitlement for any use in the P-U zone shall be issued until a precise development plan has been approved for the property.” The Plan does not include or propose a precise development plan for the site; however, adoption of the Plan may facilitate the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -43- redevelopment of the Encina power plant to a smaller more efficient facility which may provide for enhanced land use compatibility with the residential and recreational uses in the vicinity. As no land use changes are proposed for the Encinas power plant as part of the Plan, the adoption and implementation of the Plan would not result in any land use impacts related to the Encinas facility. Conclusion Since the proposed South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan does not directly propose any development or change of existing land uses, the adoption and implementation of the Plan would not have any direct significant land use impacts based on the land use threshold criteria. Indirectly, however, the Plan would give the Commission the authority to acquire and assemble property and other means to assist the private sector with development including demolishing existing buildings, constructing new buildings, and improving the aesthetics of the project area. From an indirect stand point the adoption of the Plan would have positive land use impacts by providing the Commission the means necessary to assist the private sector with upgrading and improving the project area. 4.1.3 Mitigation Measures Since there have not been any significant land use impacts identified with adoption of the Plan, no mitigation measures are recommended. 4.1.4. Significance After Mitigation No unavoidable adverse land use impacts are anticipated with adoption and implementation of the Plan. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -44- 4.2 Geology/Soils 4.2.1 Environmental Setting The existing topography throughout most of the project area is generally flat. However, there is some change in elevation from the west project boundary along the ocean to the eastern project boundary. The existing elevations in the project area range from sea level along the west project boundary to approximately 60 feet above sea level along the eastern boundary. Soils -. .. “ c_ ” The U.S. Soil Conservation Service has divided the County of San Diego soil survey area into four major physiographic provinces: coastal plains, foothills, mountains and desert. The City of Carlsbad is located within the Coastal Plains and Foothills provinces. The San Diego soil survey area has been divided into approximately 70 soil series assigned to eight soil groups. Soil associations are usehl for developing a general idea of the soils in an area and for determining the value of an area for certain uses (such as watershed, wildlife habitat, recreational uses, agriculture, or development). The project area consist of Marina-Chesterton soils which are considered somewhat excessively drained to moderately well-drained loamy coarse sands and fine sandy loams that have a subsoil clay over a hardpan with 2 to 15 percent slopes. The geotechnical characteristics of the soils within the project area are identified below: Expansive Soils Soils that tend to expand substantially when they become saturated with water are referred to as expansive soils. These “expansive soils” can cause considerable damage to a structure if preventative measures are not taken. The soil types present in the project area are not considered expansive soils. Compressive Soils Soils that are considered compressible are relatively young and have not had time to consolidate. Compressible soils may settle after wetting or after a load, such as a structure or fill soils, is placed on them. If a relatively large area settles at the same time and at the same rate the settlement may not be noticed or have detrimental effects. When an area settles unevenly it may cause severe distress to the structure. Compressible soils are generally located in the main canyons of Carlsbad and in the majority of smaller, tributary canyons containing alluvial and/or colluvial soils, none of which are located in the project area. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -45- Erodibility ..". Erosion is a normal geologic process whereby earth materials are loosened, worn away, decomposed or dissolved, removed fiom one place and transported to another, sometimes many miles away fiom their source. Precipitation, running water, waves, temperature and winds are all agents of erosion. There are three main erosion problems in the City. They are: (1) accelerated erosion in soft rock soils; (2) siltation of the lagoons; and (3) beach and sea cliff erosion. In Carlsbad, most of the soils have severe erodibility limitation, with the exception of the Salinas- Corralulas, Diablo-Altamont and Diablo- Las Flores Associations whose limitations are low to moderate.' The project area consist of Marina - Chesterton soils which are susceptible to erosion. Landslides " A landslide is the movement of earth materials down a hillside or steep slope area. Landslide problems usually occur when a hillside is over steepened, the support at the base is moved, additional material or fill is loaded onto the hillside or water saturates into the slide mass. Landslide problems are more prone to occur when the slope contains out-of-slope bedding or planner bedrock units that are dipping or inclined out-of-slope. Landslide areas in Carlsbad are mainly found on the north-facing slopes along creek channels. Seismic Characteristics Southern California has and will continue to be significantly impacted by damaging earthquakes. Several faults within southern California have the potential to generate earthquakes that will cause strong ground motions. Each of these potential earthquakes will affect the City of Carlsbad differently, depending upon the distance the earthquake is fiom the City, size and rupture mechanisms of the earthquake and local geologic conditions. Some of the faults in this region are more likely to cause an earthquake than others. The project area, as with the City of Carlsbad and southern California generally, is subject to seismic activity due to the presence of active and potentially active faults throughout southern California. The City of Carlsbad planning area lies in a region where numerous faults are capable of generating moderate to large earthquakes. Based on current geologic knowledge, there are no known active or potentially active faults located within the city limits. There are no Special Study zones identified within the City by the State Geologist based on information in the Geotechnical Hazards Analysis and Mapping Study (1992) and none are expected. The closest known active fault is the Rose Canyon Fault Zone located approximately 3 to 4 miles offshore. On the basis of existing geotechnical information, 'City of Carlsbad General Plan Update Final EIR, March 1994, page 5.1-5 South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -46- c " .- approximately 85% of land within the City could be utilized for urban activity following routine geotechnical investigations of individual development sites. About 15% of land within the City has geologic conditions which would require that detailed geotechnical investigations be conducted at individual development sites to determine feasibility for urban use.* PRIMARY EFFECTS Primary effects are caused by movement along an active fault. These movements can be sudden and severe as in an earthquake, or slow and imperceptible as in fault creep. Movement on a fault can be horizontal, vertical or a combination of both. Geologists have estimated that the maximum earthquake magnitude that is likely to occur in a 100-year period on the Rose Canyon Fault is 6.9 on the Richter scale. This size earthquake is considered a moderate earthquake. Ground rupture is not considered a hazard in Carlsbad.' SECONDARY EFFECTS Secondary effects pertinent to the project area include liquefaction, lurch cracking, lateral spreading, local subsidence of soils, landslides, vibrational damage, seiche, tsunami and regional subsidence and uplift. A discussion of each secondary effect is provided below. Tsunamis ands Seiche A tsunami is a sea wave generated by a submarine earthquake, landslide or volcanic eruption. A seiche is a series of wave oscillations in a body of water and can be compared to the waves generated in a pan of water when it is rocked. Seiches could occur in the Carlsbad lagoons, although they probably would not affect areas 5 to 10 feet above the water level. Liquefaction Liquefaction is a process whereby strong earthquake shaking causes sediment layers that are saturated with groundwater to lose strength and behave as a fluid. This subsurface process can lead to near-surface or surface ground failure that can result in property damage and structural failure. Groundwater saturation of sediments is required in order for earthquake induced liquefaction to occur. There are limited areas in the City which are considered potentially subject to liquefaction. The areas subject to liquefaction within the project area include the areas in and around the lagoons and the areas along the beaches. 'City of Carlsbad General Plan, Public Safety Element, page 2. 9City of Carlsbad General Plan Update Final EIR, March 1994, page 5.1-9. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -47- Lurch Cracking c Lurch cracking is the development of all types and sizes of fissures in the ground due to motion during an earthquake. The areas within the project area potentially subject to lurch cracking include those areas in and around lagoons and along the beaches. Lateral Spreading Lateral spreading is the movement of loose soils over low-angle slopes into open areas during an earthquake. The alluvial areas in and around lagoons and along the beaches west of El Camino Real are subject to lateral spreading. Local Subsidence Local subsidence can occur during an earthquake when water is driven out of saturated soils causing them to become more compact. The areas within the project area potentially subject to subsidence include those areas in and around lagoons and along the beaches. Landslides Landslides can result from ground shaking during an earthquake. Failures are common in old landslides and over steepened slopes such as road cuts, building sites, sea cliffs and stream-cut canyons. Landslides are mainly found along north-facing slopes along creek channels and in granite and metavolcanic rocks where weathering has created deep soils. With the technology available today, most landslides can be mitigated to the point where the chances of failure are very small." The areas of the project area potentially subject to landslides would be the sea cliffs along the western project boundary. Regional Subsidence and Uplift Regional subsidence and uplift during an earthquake are caused by differential vertical movement along an active fault. This occurs over large areas, and the amount of subsidence or uplift is usually on the order of a few inches to a few feet. It is generally not possible to assess the hazard to individual locations, however, the City can be expected to respond as a unit. Therefore, this phenomenon is not considered to be a hazard in the City of Carlsbad." *'City of Carlsbad General Plan Update Final EIR, March 1994, page 5.1-1 1 "Final Master Em City of Carlsbad General Plan Update, March 1994, page 5.1-1 1 South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -48- Soil Erosion Twenty-two soil series have been identified in the Carlsbad planning area. Potential limitations or hazards associated with some of the soils include wind and water erosion which can cause dust generation and erosiodsiltation in and adjacent to these areas. Encinas Power Plant The Encinas power plant is located primarily on a relatively level marine terrace at an elevation ranging fiom 20 to 40 feet. The power plant is situated on Pleistocene-aged marine terrace deposits consisting of inter stratified sand and silt. Facilities on property located along the margin of the Agua Hedionda lagoon are underlain by Holocene-aged alluvium consisting of inter stratified silt, sand and clay (including estuarine deposits), Holocene-aged each deposits consisting of sand and cobbles, Pleistocene-aged marine terrace deposits, and Eocene-aged Santiago Formation (Tan and Kennedy, 1996).’* Local Coastal Programs The LCPs for the Mello I1 and Agua Hedionda provide criteria to protect development and protect existing earth resources in the coastal zone. All development must meet and comply with the applicable requirements in each respective LCP associated with regards to soil and erosion protection. 4.2.2 Project Impacts The threshold criteria for determining significant impact on geology/soils is based on whether or not the adoption and implementation of the Plan would: 1. Trigger or accelerate geologic processes such as landslides or erosion. 2. Disturb or adversely affect unique geologic features of unusual scientific value for 3. Require grading or construction that would cause displacements, compaction, study or interpretation. exposure or over covering of soil such that project development poses a reasonable probability of damage, endangerment, or other hazard to on-or off-site building or structures by ground or soil failure. hazards. 4. Expose people to unacceptable risk due to the presence of geologic, seismic or soil ‘%litigated Negative Declaration San Diego Gas and Electric Company’s Application No. 97- 12-039 Proposal for Divestiture, Section 4.3, page 2. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -49- c c c c e c c " e The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not result directly in any development in the project area. The Plan allows the Commission to collect tax increment from the project area and use the tax increment at their discretion to assist the City of Carlsbad financially with the construction of public improvement projects and/or assist property owners with private development in the project area. Therefore, the Plan, if adopted, would not result in any grading, construction, compaction or over covering of the soil resulting in any soil impacts. However, indirectly, the Plan would allow the Commission to participate financially in the construction of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan as funds become available. The Plan would also allow the Commission to participate financially with the private development community to rehabilitate or demolish existing buildings and construct new buildings. Adoption of the Plan would indirectly allow the Commission to participate in developing projects which would result in grading, construction and over covering of the soil. The Commission can assist the City in the construction of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan as tax increment funds become available. The construction of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan could have both short and long-term soils and geologic impacts. The potential impacts could include changes in topography due to grading and trenching, short-term soil erosion impacts due to wind and rain, and liquefaction. Similar soils and geology impacts could also occur with construction and development of private projects. The potential geology and soils impacts associated with construction of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan andor private development projects in general are discussed below: Topography The construction of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan would require grading and a change of the existing topography. The construction of Carlsbad Boulevard may require significant amounts of grading depending upon the final alignment and elevations. The realignment of Carlsbad Boulevard could result in significant elevation changes to the existing roadway. Construction of some of the other public improvements projects in the Plan could also result in changes in existing elevations. The significance of the changes due to grading and construction is not known at this time since specific plans for the public improvement project are not available. Construction of most of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan would not result in a significant amount of grading or changes in topography. The projects listed in the Plan include public improvement projects that would restore topography to existing elevations once the projects are completed. The Plan is anticipated to encourage new private development within the project area. New development would, in all likelihood, result in changes to existing topography due to grading and construction. Since there are no private development projects listed in the Plan an analysis of potential impacts due to grading, trenching and construction is speculative at this time. Potential soils and geologic impacts due to grading and construction would be evaluated at the time private development projects are submitted to the City for approval. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -50- Soils ”... Based on existing information the subsurface soils in the project area appear to be adequate to support the construction of the public improvement projects in the Plan as well as private development allowed by the general plan. A soils and geotechnical report would be required to be prepared and submitted to the city for all projects that require grading. The soils and geotechnical report would identi@ the types of existing soils present and whether or not the soils could adequately support the type of development proposed. Based on the types of soils present in the project area and the development allowed by the general plan, it is anticipated that existing soils have the ability to support hture development without any significant adverse soil impacts. Geologic Hazards c I- C c Future public and private development in the project area would be exposed to the same geologic hazards and seismic activity that exists for all development projects independently of the adoption of the Plan. The adoption of the Plan would not change the existing exposure to geologic hazards in the project area. While the adoption of the Plan may encourage new development sooner than the private sector acting alone, all new development or remodeling projects would be exposed to the same geologic hazards independently of the adoption of the Plan. The adoption of the Plan would not result in any significant geologic hazards to future public or private development in the project area. Tsunamis and Seiche Since the beach area is subject to tsunamis and the lagoons subject to seiches, future development in the immediate vicinity of either the beach or Agua Hedionda lagoon would be exposed to tsunamis and seiche. As a result development could be significantly impacted by either a tsunami or seiche. The city would require that all standard precautionary measures to reduce and minimize impacts associated with a tsunami or seiche are incorporated into projects as applicable. Liquefaction Development in the project area adjacent to either Aqua Hedionda or Batiquitos lagoons could be impacted by liquefaction. The construction of public improvement projects along the beach could be subject to liquefaction since these are known areas of liquefaction potential. Future development in the areas known to have liquefaction potential would have to incorporate site specific measures when required by the city to reduce or eliminate liquefaction potential. For those projects that require grading, trenching or excavation, a soildgeotechnical report addressing potential liquefaction impacts would have to be submitted to the city prior to the issuance of grading or building permits. The City of Carlsbad routinely reviews geotechnical reports for projects, both public and private, and makes a determination whether or not corrective measures must be incorporated to reduce or minimize potential liquefaction effects. The South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -5 1- incorporation of city required measures to reduce potential liquefaction impacts would minimize potential liquefaction impacts associated with public and private projects. Lurch Cracking Future development in the project area adjacent to either Agua Hedionda or Batiquitos lagoons or the beach would be subject to impacts associated with lurch cracking. Future development in these areas would be evaluated for lurch cracking potential at the time projects are submitted to the City of Carlsbad for approval. If identified to be significant measures would be incorporated into the project to reduce or eliminate lurch cracking. Lateral Spreading As with lurch cracking, fbture development in the project area in the areas adjacent to Agua Hedionda or Batiquitos lagoons or the beach would be subject to lateral spreading. Future development in these areas would have to be evaluated for lateral spreading potential at the time projects are submitted to the City of Carlsbad for approval. If lateral spreading is identified to be significant measures would have to be incorporated to reduce or eliminate lateral spreading. Local Subsidence Local subsidence is found in the areas in and around Agua Hedionda and Batiquitos lagoons and the beach. Future development adjacent to these areas would have to be evaluated for potential local subsidence and incorporate measures to reduce or eliminate lateral subsidence if significant. Landslides c The portion of the project area subject to landslides is along the western project boundary and includes the sea cliffs. The sea cliffs are located in an area designated by the general plan as open space and as a result no development is proposed for this area. There are no other areas within the project area that are subject to landslides. Subsidence As indicated previously the areas within the project area subject to subsidence includes those areas around lagoons and the beach. Future development in the project area adjacent to either Agua Hedionda or Batiquitos lagoons or the beach could be subject to subsidence. The city would require the preparation of a soils and geotechnical report associated with development in the vicinity of these areas to determine whether or not the project would be impacted by subsidence. If the city determines a project would be impacted by subsidence measures to minimize or eliminate the impact would be incorporated into the project. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -52- Slope Stability The only portion of the project area that could have slope stability concerns is the sea cliffs along the extreme western project boundary. Since this area is designated as open space by the City of Carlsbad General Plan no development is allowed. Therefore, the adoption and implementation of the Plan would not have any slope stability impacts. Soil Erosion Soil erosion due to wind and water could occur during construction of both public and private projects. The effects of potential wind and water erosion during construction would include the generation of dust due to wind and soil erosion and siltation due to rain. Depending upon the project, length of construction and measures incorporated into the project to reduce and minimize erosion impacts due to erosion of soil could be significant. The city requires all projects to provide soil erosion control measures to reduce and minimize wind and water erosion. The city would require the incorporation of all applicable soil and water erosion measures into both private and public projects to reduce potential wind and water erosion impacts. The incorporation of the City of Carlsbad standard soil erosion control measures would minimize wind and water soil erosion impacts. Encina Power Plant There are no existing geologic impacts to the Encina power plant that would change due to adoption and implementation of the Plan. The implementation of the Plan would not change any of the soil or geotechnical conditions that are presently associated with the plant. The adoption of the Plan would not expose people to unacceptable risk of geologic, seismic or soil hazards. Local Coastal Proprrams The Mello I1 Local Coastal Program has grading and landscaping requirements that are required to be incorporated into projects in the coastal zone. The measures include prohibiting grading activities fiom October 1 to April 1 and landscaping all graded areas prior to October 1 each year with either temporary or permanent landscaping materials to reduce erosion potential. Such landscaping shall be maintained and replanted if not well established by December 1 following the initial planting. Since most of the project area is located in the Mello I1 Local Coastal Program (with the exception of the Encina power plant and Agua Hedionda lagoon which are in the Agua Hedionda LCP) all private and public development projects must comply with all applicable drainage, soil erosion control and slope protection measures listed in the respective LCP. Compliance with the LCP would reduce geology and soils impacts to a level of insignificance. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -53- The Agua Hedionda LCP also provides criteria to protect soils and geology associated with development. While no development in the boundary of the Agua Hedionda LCP is proposed as part of the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan any construction, grading or development would have to comply with all applicable policies of the LCP. Conclusion Based on the threshold criteria the adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly have any significant earth resources impacts. Specific geotechnical constraints or impacts associated with fbture development, both public and private, would be evaluated in detail at the time plans are submitted to the city for approval. The City has programs that implement the geologic and seismic hazard policies of the general plan to protect property and residents fiom geologic hazards. Implementation of existing city programs relative to the geologic and seismic constraints associated with development in the project area would reduce potential impacts to a level of insignificance. c 4.2.3 Mitigation Measures Since no significant geology/soils impacts have been identified, no mitigation measures are recommended. 4.2.4 Significance After Mitigation No unavoidable adverse geology/soils impacts are anticipated with adoption and implementation of the Plan. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -54- 4.3 HydrologyDrainage and Water Quality 4.3.1 Environmental Setting ” The project area extends along the Carlsbad coastal area and crosses the lower portion of three major drainage basins that are identified in the City’s Drainage Master Plan as Basins ‘B’, ‘C’ and ‘D’. These basins drain portions of the project area together with large tracts of land to the east of the project area. Drainage which originates within the project area empties into one of these three basins or discharges directly into the Pacific Ocean. Basin ‘By is described as the Agua Hedionda Lagoon drainage basin, Basin ‘C’ is described as the Encinas Creek basin and Basin ‘D’ is the Batiquitos Lagoon drainage basin. There are several drainage facilities within the project area. Generally within each basin subunit, drainage is collected in small east/west drainage pipes and conveyed in larger drainage pipes or channels running north and south and discharged into one of the lagoons or in the case of Basin ‘C’, Encinas Creek13. Several existing facilities need to be upgraded or extended to serve future development in the project area. The facilities that need to be constructed or upgraded include facility ‘BAA’ at the north end of the project area. Also, the existing 66” pipe that extends north from Cannon Road through the Encina Power Plant is undersized and either needs to be replaced with a larger facility, or a parallel facility needs to be constructed. The existing culvert beneath southbound Carlsbad Boulevard at Encinas Creek needs to be upgraded to handle a 100-year storm. The Master Drainage Plan proposes to replace this culvert with a 12’ x 5’ reinforced concrete box culvert. Facility ‘CA’, is a trapezoid ditch along the railroad tracks south of Encinas Creek and needs to be extended approximately 1 100’ to prevent erosion of the existing drainage course. Facility ‘DA’ is a proposed extension of an existing storm drain north from Ponto Road to the Coaster Rail Station with a pipe size from 48”to 78”. This facility will be constructed and paid for as part of the Poinsettia Properties development currently under construction. The City of Carlsbad has a Drainage Area Fee which developers are required to pay in conjunction with new development. l4 The fees are used by the City to construct Master Drainage Plan facilities when needed. ” Drainage for the State Beach located west of Carlsbad Boulevard consists of small east/west storm drains which discharge storm water at the base of the coastal bluffs. The storm drain lines are constructed of corrugated metal pipe which corrodes quickly in the coastal environment. The Coastal Commission generally prefers for these pipes to be replaced with facilities that parallel the bluffs and discharge runoff into creeks or lagoons. 13Mr. David Hauser, Deputy City Engineer, letter dated December 9, 1999. “%id South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -55- Based on a review of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) Flood Insurance Rate Maps (FIRM) Carlsbad has the potential for flood hazards along its entire coastline as well as the following major drainage basins that are located within the project area: 1. Agua Hedionda Lagoon 2. Batiquitos Lagoon Also located within the city are two dams and a reservoir which have the potential for flooding. These include Calavera Dam, which flows into the northern tributary of the Agua Hedionda Creek, Squires Dam which flows into Aqua Hedionda Creek and the Stanley Mahr Reservoir which flows into San Marcos Creek. There is the possibility of catastrophic dam failure inundation from Calavera Dam, Lake San Marcos Dam, Stanley Mahr Reservoir and Squires Dam in the case of seismic activity or sabotage. These dams are inspected periodically by the State of California Division of Dam Safety." The project area is not subject to inundation due to the failure of a dam located in the city. The city addresses the flood hazard areas in its Flood Plain Management Regulations (Carlsbad Municipal Code, Chapter 21.110) which requires a Special Use Permit for any development proposed in areas of special flood hazards or areas of flood-related erosion hazards. The Flood Plain Management Regulations restrict or prohibit land uses considered unsafe in a flood plain. The Regulations address standards of construction such as anchoring of structures, construction materials and methods and elevations and flood proofing. Also included are standards for utilities such as water supply lines and sanitary sewage systems. l6 Development which does not fall under the Flood Plain Management Regulations is also reviewed by the City Engineering Department for flooding potential. Proposed grading and drainage improvements are analyzed to ensure that drainage is not diverted from its natural drainage basins to another basin that was not designed to take that additional flow. Encina Power Plant Storm water from the plant is regulated by the State Water Resources Control Board through the State's NPDES General Permit for discharges of storm water associated with an industrial facility. The power plant is required to implement a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP). The SWPPP inventories the various processes and materials at the facility that are considered potential pollution sources. The emphasis of the SWPPP is to determine, implement and monitor the Best Management Practices (BMP's) to control storm water runoff quality. "Carlsbad General Plan, Public Safety Element, page 2. 161bid, page 3. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -56- " " The Encina power plant discharges once-through (non contact) cooling water, low-volume wastes, metal cleaning wastes and storm water to the Pacific Ocean. The once-through cooling method uses seawater to cool the plant's condensers. Water for the steam units is drawn into an intake structure located within the outer lagoon of Agua Hedionda lagoon, screened through a series of screens and then pumped into the condenser chamber where cooling water absorbs heat. It is common for thermal electric power plants to increase the temperature of the intake water by 20-25 degrees Fahrenheit and then discharge the heated water. NPDES pennits issued by the Regional Water Quality Control Board-San Diego Region, establish upper thermal limits and other water quality constituent limits for the discharge. At full capacity the discharge of cooling water is 857 million gallons per day (mgd) while other wastewater contribute about 5 mgd." 4.3.2 Project Impacts The threshold criteria for determining significant impact on hydrology/drainage is whether or not the adoption of the Plan would: 1. Substantially degrade water quality in any surface body of water. 2. Substantially degrade or deplete groundwater resources. 3. Cause substantial flooding, erosion, and/or siltation in any surface body of water. The adoption of the Plan does not include.the direct development of any private or public development projects. Therefore, the Plan would not directly degrade water quality in any surface body of water, degrade or deplete groundwater or increase surface water runoff causing substantial flooding, erosion, or siltation in any surface body of water. As a result the Plan would not directly have any hydrology, drainage or water quality impacts. Indirectly the adoption of the Plan is anticipated to encourage development of both public and private projects that could impact local drainage facilities and water quality. Increase quantities of surface water runoff due to new development could impact the ability of existing storm drain facilities to handle increased quantities of surface water runoff Since some of the existing storm drain facilities in the project area are inadequate to handle existing flows any increase in the amount of surface water runoff due to new development would impact existing storm water facilities. The storm drain facility improvements proposed for the project area by the City's Master Plan would handle developed storm water flows since the Plan would not change existing land use designations in the project area. The construction of the storm drain facilities listed in the Plan would have positive impacts on existing storm drain facilities. Although the city collects Drainage Area Fees for the construction of master plan facilities financial assistance by the Commission to '%litigated Negative Declaration San Diego Gas and Electric Company's Application No. 97- 12-039 Proposal for Divestiture, Section 4.4, page 3. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -57- I construct needed storm drain facilities sooner than planned would have a positive impact on city storm drain facilities that serve the project area. The construction of upgraded or improved storm water collection facilities along the west side of Carlsbad Boulevard to replace or repair existing corrugated metal pipes that transport storm water to the State Beach may be required in conjunction with roadway improvements of Carlsbad Boulevard. While there are no specific plans to repair or replace the existing corrugated metal pipes at this time, the Coastal Commission may require the construction of upgraded improvements in conjunction with improvements to Carlsbad Boulevard. The Commission could participate financially with these storm drain improvements if adequate hnds are available at the time of construction. Since the only portion of the project area subject to flooding by a 100-year storm is the Agua Hedionda lagoon development within the lagoon environs would have to be protected from a 100-year storm as required by city ordinance. The City of Carlsbad Building Division has measures that would be incorporated into all projects, when applicable, to protect people and property fiom flooding due to a 100-year storm. All Commission- sponsored projects, as with all projects in the city, would be required to be protected from a 100-year storm. The development of both public and private projects could impact the quality of surface water runoff entering local surface waters. Surface water quality impacts could occur during project construction and after project completion. The national Clean Water Act requires a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit for storm water runoff from construction sites of five acres or more. For all applicable projects a NPDES permit for discharge of runoff to surface waters would be required fi-om the State Water Resources Control Board through the Regional Water Quality Control Board-San Diego region. The discharge of water can be associated with, but not limited to, dewatering during construction, dredging activities or storm water runoff fiom construction sites and/or facilities that use hazardous materials. The RWQCB has issued a NPDES permit to the County of San Diego and the City of Carlsbad as co-permittee. As part of the NPDES permit, all new development is required to implement structural and nonstructural pollution control measures to limit urban pollutants reaching the waters of the United States to the maximum extent practical. The County has identified both construction and post construction Best Management Practices (BMPs) that can be used to mitigate and reduce water quality impacts. All projects submitted to the City of Carlsbad for approval would be required to implement all applicable BMPs as recommended by the City of Carlsbad Public Works Department. The incorporation of all applicable BMPs into fbture projects would reduce water impacts to a level of insignificance. The Plan would not directly degrade or deplete groundwater resources. Although the Plan could indirectly result in new development in the project area it is not anticipated that the type of development allowed based on the general plan would significantly degrade or deplete groundwater resources. The City of Carlsbad has a public water supply system that provides South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -58- water for potable use and fire flow eliminating the need for water wells. Therefore, there would be no need for fUture development to drill on-site water wells for a water supply. Any grading for hture projects is not anticipated at this time to require extensive cuts that would intercept local groundwater. Therefore, the Plan is not anticipated to indirectly degrade or deplete groundwater resources in the project area. Encina Power Plant c The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not change the rate, direction or quality of storm water runoff currently generated from the power plant. The San Diego RWQCB would continue to permit both direct discharge to receiving waters (including cooling water discharge) and storm water runoff. The Encina power plant would continue to be required to meet and comply with all applicable discharge requirements and obtain the necessary permits from the San Diego RWQCB with adoption of the Plan. Conclusion The adoption of the proposed Plan would not have any direct impacts on surface water quality, degrade or deplete groundwater resources of cause substantial flooding, erosion, and/or siltation based on the threshold criteria. Indirectly the Plan is anticipated to encourage new development that could have impacts on water quality due to erosion and/or siltation during and after project construction. The adoption .of the Plan would allow the Commission to assist the City of Carlsbad in constructing needed storm drain improvements listed in the Plan that would have positive impacts by improving the ability of existing storm drain facilities to better serve the project area. 4.3.3 Mitigation Measures ” The following mitigation measures are recommended to reduce indirect hydrology, drainage and water quality impacts associated with new development to a level of insignificance: 1. All development projects as determined by the City of Carlsbad Public Works Department shall prepare a preliminary hydrology study to determine whether or not the existing storm drain system serving the project has capacity to handle the runoff from the site. 2. All projects shall comply with all applicable NPDES requirements and when necessary incorporate all applicable surface water pollution control measures to reduce or eliminate urban pollutants from entering local surface waters. 4.3.4 Significance After Mitigation There would be no unavoidable adverse hydrology, drainage or water quality impacts with adoption of the Plan and incorporation of the recommended mitigation measures. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -59- 4.4 Trafiic and Circulation 4.4.1 Environmental Setting ” ” The streets and highways in the City of Carlsbad are described and classified according to their primary knction. The City has a hierarchical system of six street classifications including prime arterials, major arterials, secondary arterials, controlled collectors, collector and local streets. Of the six roadway classifications in the city three of the roadways are located in the project area. A brief description of the three classifications of roadways in the project area is provided below. 1. Secondary Arterial - these roadways provide limited access to adjacent properties, serve to move traffic between collector streets and larger arterials or the freeways, have two traffic lanes in each direction with a painted.median and carry moderate traffic volumes (estimated average daily trips of 10,000 to 20,000). Avenida Encinas is an example of a secondary arterial. 2. Major Arterial - these roadways prohibit access to adjacent properties unless no other alternative exists, provide intra-city circulation and connections to freeways and regional roads, have a minimum of two traffic lanes in each direction with a raised median and carry moderate to heavy traffic volumes (estimated average daily trips of 20,000 to 40,000). Canon Road and Carlsbad Boulevard are examples of major arterials. 3. Prime Arterials - these roadways prohibit access to adjacent properties . unless no other alternative exists, provide for regional and intra-city circulation and connections to fieeways and other regional roads, carry very heavy traffic volumes (estimated average daily trips of 40,000 or more). Palomar Airport Road is a prime arterial roadway. Level of Service Level of Service &OS) is a measure of the efficiency of a circulation system or of a particular section of roadway. The LOS is expressed by a letter (A through F) that corresponds to a decreasing level of service or efficiency which is defined by a volume-to-capacity ratio for the roadway. Levels of service A, B and C are considered good operating conditions with only minor delays being experienced by motorists. Level of Service D represents below average or fair operating conditions where drivers occasionally have to wait through more than one signal cycle to proceed through the intersection. Level of Service E is considered capacity conditions and Level of Service F represents jammed conditions. The level of service of an intersection can be an indication of the delay which can be expected on the street network. For this reason the City of Carlsbad determines level of service by means of South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -60- Intersection Capacity Utilization (ICTJ) analysis for signalized intersections. An ICU value is a means of representing peak hour volume-to-capacity ratios. At a value of 1 .OO (LOS E) the theoretical absolute capacity of the intersection has been reached. The City Growth Management Plan allows a LOS D (during peak hour) or C (non-peak hour) as the lowest acceptable LOS. Table 2 below lists the key intersections in the project area along with their corresponding LOS. Table 2 Existing Levels Of Service , Intersection Summer 1999 Peak Hour ICU Ratio LOS ICU Ratio LOS AM PM Carlsbad Boulevard & Cannon Road 0.25 A 0.41 A Carlsbad Boulevard & Poinsettia Lane 0.40 A 0.88 D Truck Routes The City of Carlsbad addresses truck traffic demands by the designation of specific posted truck routes. Truck routes are designated by an adopted city ordinance. The truck routes must accommodate turns and maneuvers by large trucks and connect with the freeway and arterial system. In addition, truck routes are chosen to minimize noise, pollution, and safety impacts to residential areas. The existing truck routes in the project area include the section of Cannon Road between 1-5 and Carlsbad Boulevard, Carlsbad Boulevard from the northern project area boundary to Palomar Airport Road and the extreme westerly section of Palomar Airport Road, from the NCTD railroad tracks west to Carlsbad Boulevard. Bicycle Lanes The use of bicycles are encouraged in the city as an alternative form of transportation. In most cases bike lanes are present on both sides of the streets. Short segments of some streets have bike lanes on one side only because the streets are currently unimproved or on-street parking. Bike lanes exist within the project area along both sides of Cannon Road and Carlsbad Boulevard. Pedestrian Facilities The primary existing facilities for pedestrian access throughout the city are sidewalks within the street right-of-way and controlled street crossings. There are a number of locations, especially in the older sections of the city where sidewalk facilities are deficient or never constructed. The only complete trail segment that currently exist is located along the northern edge of Batiquitos Lagoon which is a paved pedestrian and bike path. There is a sidewalk along the beach west of South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -61- the Encina power plant west of Carlsbad Boulevard from the northern project area to Cannon Road. For the most part there are no sidewalks in the remaining portions of the project area. Mass Transit The North County Transit District (NCTD) provides local and express bus service in the city. The NCTD has bus routes throughout the project area that provides public transportation. Bus Route 301 provides service along Carlsbad Boulevard. In coordination with the City of Carlsbad, NCTD participates in an ongoing subdivision review process. This process gives NCTD the opportunity to review and comment on proposed developments during the City of Carlsbad’s application review process. Depending upon the impact of each individual development on transit services, NCTD makes recommendations to improve transit facilities. Some of the recommendations NCTD typically makes include adding additional connecting sidewalks, ADA compliant bus boarding pads, bus benches or shelters, intersection improvements, frontage and street improvements and bus stop turnouts. NCTD is currently developing a strategic business plan known as Fast Forward: 2 1“ Century Transit Solution for North County. Fast Forward will focus on the North County Transit District service area. The study will review the effectiveness of the existing fixed route services, assess hture service needs and reorient the service based on the results of these needs and the study. Scenic Roadwavs The City of Carlsbad has adopted Scenic Corridor Guidelines applicable to development in the project area. The purpose of the City of Carlsbad Scenic Corridor Guidelines is to: 1) identifjl streets within the City of Carlsbad to be designated as scenic corridors, and 2) to suggest ways to preserve and enhance the character of those streets.’* The Guidelines establish four categories of scenic corridors including Community Theme Corridors, Community Scenic Corridors, Natural Open Space and Recreation Corridors and Railroad Corridors. Of the four categories, three are located in the project area and include the Community Theme, Community Scenic and Railroad Corridors. The roadways in the project area designated as Community Theme Corridors include Carlsbad Boulevard and Palomar Airport Road. Carlsbad Boulevard at the southern project area boundary (city limit boundary) is also designated as a major entry monument. Cannon Road is designated as a Community Scenic Corridor and the AT& SF railway is designated at a Railroad Corridor. In addition, Cannon Road at Interstate 5 is a designated City Entry “Welcome” Signage. The Scenic Corridor Guidelines provide specific goals for each roadway. As development occurs ‘*Scenic Corridor Guidelines, July 1, 1998, page 1. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EJR -62- "" along and adjacent to these roadways specific goals are listed that will enhance or preserve the existing scenic character of each roadway. Congestion ManaFement Program Carlsbad implements the statewide Congestion Management Program (CMP) which requires local jurisdictions to evaluate and understand how the additional traffic generated by a proposed development project would impact CMP levels of service performance standards on regional roads. The city utilizes the CMP Guidelines prepared by the San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) for the entire region. Encina Power Plant c Access to the power plant for employees, visitors and truck deliveries is provided regionally by Interstate 5 and locally via Cannon Road and Carlsbad Boulevard. 4.4.2 Project Impact The threshold criteria for determining whether or not the project could have significant traffic impacts is based on whether or not adoption and implementation of the Plan would result in the following levels of service: 1. Level of Service C or worse on road segments or intersections during off-peak 2. Level of Service D or worse on road segments or intersections during peak hours. hours. The Plan does not include the direct development of any private or public development projects that would generate traffic and impact existing levels of service of any roadways in the project area. Therefore, the Plan itself would not directly have any traffic and circulation impacts. Indirectly the adoption of the Plan is anticipated to encourage development in the project area. The development of projects would generate traffic both during and after project construction that could impact existing levels of service on road segments and intersections that serve the project both within and outside the redevelopment project area. The construction of both public and private projects would generate traffic during construction due to construction workers driving to and from the construction site. Depending upon the scale of the project the traffic generated by construction workers could impact specific roads and local intersections due to increased congestion. Traffic impacts due to congestions and re-routing of traffic for street improvements projects are also anticipated. Projects that require improvements to local streets are required to provide measures to safely re-route traffic during construction to minimize traffic delays and congestion. While traffic delays and congestion may be short-term South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -63- ” ” c during construction only the delays and congestion can be significant depending upon the time of year, length of construction and the volume of traffic on the street under construction. The realignment and improvements to Carlsbad Boulevard from Manzano Drive south to Batiquitos lagoon currently being considered by the city would result in traffic related construction impacts such as traffic delays, re-routing of traffic, movement of construction equipment, etc. The period of construction for the realignment of Carlsbad Boulevard could be several months which could cause significant short-term traffic congestion impacts in the immediate area of Carlsbad Boulevard. The adoption and implementation of the Plan is anticipated to indirectly encourage new development in the project area which would generate long-term traffic. The traffic generated by new development could impact area roadways and existing levels of service on specific roadways and intersections. Depending upon the project and the amount of traffic generated a project could have significant traffic impacts. The significance of potential traffic impacts would depend upon on capacity of the transportation system to adequately handle additional traffic and whether or not the traffic would reduce levels of service to unacceptable levels. Future private development in the project area must be consistent with the City of Carlsbad General Plan Land Use Element. The City of Carlsbad Circulation Plan was developed in conjunction with computerized traffic modeling and analysis utilizing the projected land uses according to the City of Carlsbad Land Use Element as well as surrounding cities. The most recent modeling effort for the City of Carlsbad was conducted in 1990 by the San Diego Association of Governments using the TranPlan computer program which takes into account area wide land use plans. Results of the modeling effort indicate that the City of Carlsbad Circulation Element will adequately serve the proposed land uses in the Land Use Element. As with all projects the city reviews each development application for potential traffic impacts and when necessary requires the preparation of a traffic study. Even though a project may be consistent with the land use designated for the property potential traffic impacts may exist. If the traffic study indicates a project could have significant traffic impacts the city would require the incorporation of measures to reduce traffic impacts to acceptable levels. The South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan includes several public transportation improvement projects that when constructed would improve traffic flow and reduce traffic congestion in the project area. Assistance by the Commission for the City of Carlsbad in the construction of roadway improvement projects listed in the Plan would have positive impacts to the City’s transportation system. The ability of the Commission to financially assist the City with construction of traffic improvements would depend upon the availability of tax increment revenue to fbnd projects and the priority of the construction of the projects. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -64- _- Congestion Management Program The implementation of the statewide Congestion Management Program (CMP) requires the local jurisdictions understand how the additional traffic generated by a proposed development project would impact CMP levels of service performance standards on the City of Carlsbad Master Plan of Highways at buildout. Since the proposed South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan does not include any private development projects there would not be any traffic trips generated directly with adoption and implementation of the Plan. Therefore, a traffic impact analysis is not required as part of this EIR. Level of Service The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly have any significant impacts on the current levels of service along roadway segments or controlled intersections in the project area since the Plan would not directly result in any development activity. Indirectly, however, new development could impact levels of service to area roadways and area intersections. The City would determine the impact, if any, of new development on the existing levels of service of area roadways at the time development plans are submitted to the city for approval. The construction of the public traffic improvement projects listed in the Plan due to financial assistance by the Commission would have positive impacts to area roads. Although two controlled intersections in the project area currently operate at acceptable levels of service the proposed traffic improvement projects listed in the Plan would hrther improve traffic circulation in the project area resulting in positive transportation and circulation impacts. Truck Routes The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not have any impacts on the designated truck routes within the project area. There are no aspects of the Plan that would either change or impact any of the existing designated truck routes in the project area. Bicycle Lanes The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly impact any existing or city designated bicycle lanes in the project area. The construction of the road improvement projects in the Plan with existing bicycle lanes would have short-term impacts to bicyclists during construction requiring bicyclists to find alternative routes. Upon completion of construction any bicycle lanes removed during construction would be replaced for use by the public. The Plan would not eliminate or impact any existing bicycle lanes in the project area. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -65- c Pedestrian Facilities "- The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not impact directly any existing pedestrian facilities in the project area because there are no projects that would be constructed directly with adoption of the Plan. Indirectly, the adoption of the Plan could have positive impacts on pedestrian facilities if the Commission is able financially to assist the City in constructing the re- alignment of Carlsbad Boulevard and install sidewalks along Carlsbad Boulevard. The proposed re-alignment of Carlsbad Boulevard and construction of sidewalks would provide better pedestrian access for visitors to the State Beach. Mass Transit " The Plan would not change or impact any existing or planned bus routes or bus stops by NCTD in the project area. Future development in the project area would be consistent with the City of Carlsbad General Plan and the NO would plan future bus routes and bus stops accordingly to serve increased rider ship. Encina Power Plant The adoption of the Plan would not change or impact any existing vehicular or truck access routes utilized by employees or visitors of the power plant. Construction of the roadway improvement projects listed in the Plan could incrementally improve ingress and egress for plant employees and visitors. - Conclusion Based on the threshold criteria the adoption of the Plan would not have any significant traffic or circulation impacts because the Plan would not directly generate traffic. Indirectly, the Commission could fund private development that could have traffic impacts. The Plan also allows the Commission to assist the City of Carlsbad in the construction of the traffic improvement projects listed in the Plan that upon their completion would have positive impacts to the local traffic and circulation system by improving trafiic flow and reducing congestion. 4.4.3 Mitigation Measures Since no significant traffic impacts have been identified, no mitigation measures are recommended. 4.4.4 Significance After Mitigation No significant traffic and circulation impacts are anticipated with adoption and implementation of the Plan. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan hogram EIR -66- ”” I 4.5 Aesthetics 4.5.1 Environmental Setting The project area is developed with a variety of land uses including the Encina power plant, Agua Hedionda lagoon, agricultural land, vacant CALTRANS land, State beach, roadways, small lake, private commercial uses and several residential homes. The Encina power plant has a variety of mechanical equipment needed to generate electricity. Several steam turbine units and associated equipment used to generate electricity are located in an enclosed building approximately 100 feet tall. A single main emission stack located in the middle of the plant is approximately 200 feet tall. The power plant is the dominant structure in the project area and is highly visible from throughout much of the city. The City of Carlsbad adopted Scenic Corridor Guidelines to preserve existing scenic resources in the city. In addition to identifjing streets within the City of Carlsbad to be designated as scenic corridors and suggesting ways to preserve and enhance the character of those streets, the Guidelines also serve to enhance both the natural and man-made environments along each scenic corridor. Generally scenic corridors are chosen for the natural andor man-made visual qualities that they possess. Many scenic corridors are major arterial streets wich pass through and interconnect subareas of the community. The Guidelines establish four categories of scenic corridors including Community Theme Corridors, Community Scenic Corridors, Natural Open Space and Recreation Corridors and Railroad Corridors. The roadways in the project area designated as Community Theme Corridors include Carlsbad Boulevard and the extreme western end of Palomar Airport Road where it intersects with Carlsbad Boulevard. Carlsbad Boulevard at the southern project area boundary (city limit boundary) is also designated as a major entry monument. Cannon Road and Poinsettia Lane are designated as Community Scenic Corridors. All of Poinsettia Lane is located outside the project area except its intersection with Carlsbad Boulevard. The AT& SF railway is designated as a Railroad Corridor which extends through of the project area from north to south. In addition, Cannon Road at Interstate 5 is a designated as a City Entry “Welcome” Signage. Below is a brief description of the significant vistas along each particular scenic route located in the project area: Carlsbad Boulevard + “White water” views of the ocean + Numerous natural stretches of coastline and beaches + Visual interest of ongoing recreational activity-camping, swimming, surfing, + Lagoons and related wildlife bicycling, etc. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -67- + Flower fields and nurseries + Adjacent public parks Palomar Airport Road + Occasional “blue water” views of the ocean Cannon Road + Lagoon and related wildlife + “Blue water” view of the ocean Poinsettia Lane + Back country vistas + Occasional blue water views of the ocean + Distant views of lagoons + Flower fields and nurseries Atchison Topeka and Santa Fe Railway + “Blue water” and “white water” view of the ocean + Numerous natural stretches of coastline and beaches + Visual interest of ongoing recreational activity + Distant views of “back country” + Lagoons and related wildlife + Flower fields and related wildlife Two unique streets in the City of Carlsbad are located in the project area. The two streets are Carlsbad Boulevard and Palomar Airport Road where it intersects with Carlsbad Boulevard. A brief discussion of the importance of these two roadways as scenic corridors is provided below. Carlsbad Boulevard Carlsbad Boulevard is part of Pacific Coast Highway and connects the downtown area at the north end of the city to the more open beach oriented areas in the southern part of the city. Carlsbad Boulevard has unlimited opportunities as a scenic corridor due to its proximity to the beaches and to the open and natural coastline in the southern portion of the city. Carlsbad Boulevard from Agua Hedionda lagoon to the southern city limit boundary is located in the project area. The goals that apply specifically to the portion of the Carlsbad Boulevard Corridor located in the project area include: South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -68- ” + Enhance the visual quality of the street by encouraging appropriate theme + Provide landscaping material, theme trees and theme tree spacing along the oriented landscaping and street furniture within the corridor. corridor which are best suited to avoid blocking views fiom the roadway, particularly to the ocean. + Preserve the natural quality of the lagoon areas by providing little, if any, additional landscaping in those areas of the corridor adjacent to a lagoon. + Provide a basis for establishment of Q-Overlay zone on Carlsbad Boulevard. 4 Encourage special landscaping setbacks to create an open feeling along the developed portions of Carlsbad Boulevard. Palomar Airport Road The extreme west end of Palomar Airport Road at its intersection with Carlsbad Boulevard is located in the project area. The applicable goals for the portion of Palomar Airport Road in the project area is presented below. + Enhance the visual quality of the road by requiring large landscaped setbacks and screening of all parking areas. The applicable goals for Cannon Road and Poinsettia Lane which are designated Community Scenic Corridors are listed below: + Create identifiable and visually pleasing intersections at points where scenic + Create a unique identity for individual corridors by selecting a predominant corridors cross. theme tree to be used throughout the length of each corridor. + Encourage Community Scenic Corridor consistency with any “theme” areas which may be designated in the Architectural Standards through appropriate landscaping and street furniture. Corridors. + Preserve distant views of the ocean, lagoons and back country from Scenic + Encourage special landscaped setbacks. Railroad Corridor A section ofNCTD railroad extends through the project area. The NCTD railway is a special condition corridor which is not comparable to the other scenic corridors, but is addressed as a separate category. Although it is difficult to control the railroad-owned right-of-way, there are a number of things which can be done outside the right-of-way to upgrade the image of Carlsbad to rail passengers traveling through the city. The items listed below are particularly directed at South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -69- improving the visual quality of the city as seen fiom a rail car window and helping the passenger understand that they have arrived in Carlsbad.” + A predominant theme tree should be encouraged on adjacent properties. + Selective berming and landscaping can be encouraged to improve aesthetics The suggested tree is Pinus Torreyana. and control noise. oriented, where feasible, to the railroad as well as to the streets. + Buildings adjacent to the railroad right-of-way shall be architecturally articulated to vary building elevations and height. It is important to maintain a pleasant building facade along the right-of-way for the enjoyment of railroad passengers. + Any development within the railroad right-of-way shall conform to the development standards and setback requirements of the Transportation Corridor Zone. + Signage which helps rail passengers understand they are in Carlsbad can be Community Identity Entries provide identity, a feeling of welcome and a sense of arrival to the city. The designs for these entries include symbolization of natural features found in Carlsbad (lagoons, etc.). One of the four major entry monumentation locations in the city is in the project area at the intersection of Carlsbad Boulevard and the southern city limit boundary. Major entry monuments occur at the highest visible and highest use locations. Local Coastal Programs The Mello I1 LCP requires the City of Carlsbad Scenic Preservation Overlay Zone be applied where necessary throughout the Carlsbad coastal zone to assure the maintenance of existing views and panoramas. Sites considered for development should undergo individual review to determine if the proposed development will obstruct views or otherwise damage the visual beauty of the area.2o The Agua Hedionda LCP also requires the protection of visual resources. Based on Coastal Act Policy 3025 1, “The scenic and visual qualities of the coastal areas shall be considered and protected as a resource of public importance. Permitted development shall be sited and designed to protect views to and along the ocean and scenic coastal areas, to minimize the alteration of natural land forms, to be visually compatible with the character of surrounding area, and, where feasible, to restore and enhance visual quality in visually degraded areas. New development in highly scenic areas such as those designated in the California Coastline Preservation and ”City of Carlsbad Scenic Comdor Guidelines, July 1, 1988, page 43. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -70- Recreation plan prepared by the Department of Parks and Recreation and by local government shall be subordinate to the character of its setting.’’ In addition, Coastal Act Policy 30253(5) states “New development shall: Where appropriate, protect special communities and neighborhoods which, because of their unique characteristics, are popular visitor destination points for recreational uses.” 4.5.2 Project Impact The threshold criteria for determining potential significant aesthetic impacts is if the Plan would: 1. Block public view corridors. 2. Destroy prominent visual characteristics of the community. 3. Conflict with the community’s design and development values (i.e. land use character) of the subject area and surrounding area. The adoption of the Plan would not approve the direct development of any private or public projects. Therefore, the Plan would not impact public views or corridors or prominent visual characteristics of the community. Indirectly the adoption of the Plan is anticipated to encourage development of both public and private projects in the project area that could impact scenic and visual resources in this area of the community. While most of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan would be located underground and not in direct view, the construction of road facilities would be in direct view and could result in aesthetic impacts. In addition, the adoption of the Plan may facilitate the redevelopment of the Encina power plan to a smaller, less obtrusive facility which would provide beneficial aesthetic impacts and be more in scale with surrounding uses. Public improvements projects such as water lines, sewer lines and storm drain facilities would either be underground or not in direct public view the construction of these public improvements are not anticipated to have any significant aesthetic impacts. There would be short-term aesthetic impacts during construction of these facilities due to grading, trenching, and the presence of construction equipment. However, once the construction is completed, trenches are filled and recompacted to pre-construction conditions and the construction equipment removed from the site the short-term aesthetic impacts would be eliminated. Therefore, the aesthetic impacts during construction would be short-term and are not considered significant. The construction of roadway projects would also have short-term aesthetic construction impacts. However, as with the other public improvement projects once construction is completed the short-term aesthetic construction impacts would be eliminated. If a roadway construction project is anticipated to last for more than two months the City should require measures to reduce aesthetic impacts to a minimum. Measures that could be incorporated into the projects to minimize aesthetic impacts during construction include locating equipment storage areas away from public view as much as possible and/or screening equipment storage and construction sites from public view as much as practical using various types of screening materials. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan hogram EIR -71- e The construction of roadway improvement projects listed in the Plan could also have long-term aesthetic impacts. Depending upon the final design for a street improvement project there could be aesthetic impacts based on the alignment and hardscape design. The City of Carlsbad Scenic Corridor Guidelines provides landscaping and design guidelines for specific roadways in the city, including Carlsbad Boulevard. The Scenic Corridor Guidelines include design and landscape materials that are required to be incorporated in the right-of-way of the section of Carlsbad Boulevard that extends through the project area. The incorporation of the design and landscape criteria listed in the Scenic Corridor Guidelines for Carlsbad Boulevard would minimize potential aesthetic impacts associated with the construction of the re-alignment of Carlsbad Boulevard from Manzano Drive on the north to the southern city limit boundary. The incorporation of the design and landscaping criteria provided in the Scenic Corridor Guidelines for the intersection of Palomar Airport Road at Carlsbad Boulevard would have positive aesthetic impacts at this intersection. The construction proposed for this intersection would eliminate the existing elevated design and replace it with a standard “T” intersection. The elimination of the existing elevated intersection would improve westerly views of the Pacific Ocean for motorists traveling west of Interstate 5 on Palomar Airport Road. Westerly views of the Pacific Ocean for the public would also be improved by lowering of Palomar Airport Road at Carlsbad Boulevard. The proposed re-alignment of Carlsbad Boulevard to move the southbound lanes east towards the northbound lanes would improve the aesthetics of this roadway. Moving the southbound lanes of Carlsbad Boulevard east would reduce the amount of open space that presently exists between the north and south bound lanes providing more uninterrupted open space along the State beach enhancing the aesthetic qualities of the beach. Although existing open space between the north and south bound lanes would be graded and developed in conjunction with the re-alignment of Carlsbad Boulevard the incorporation of the design and landscaping criteria in the City’s Scenic Corridor Guidelines into the final design would minimize the aesthetic impact. Since site specific plans for any of the proposed public improvement projects listed in the Plan have not been approved by the City it is speculative to evaluate more specifically the potential short and long-term aesthetic impacts. However, it is anticipated that the incorporation of existing City adopted Scenic Corridor Guideline criteria into all applicable public improvement projects would minimize potential aesthetic impacts associated with constructing the projects. The adoption and implementation of the Plan is anticipated to encourage private development in the project area. It is not known at this time which properties may be developed in the future, therefore, it is speculative to determine which existing buildings may either be refbrbished or demolished and the aesthetic impacts that may be associated with the project. As with all projects in the city development plans are submitted to the city planning department for approval. Planning staffwould review the plans and make a determination whether or not the project would have any aesthetic impacts and require the incorporation of measures accordingly to reduce significant aesthetic to an insignificant level. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -72- The demolition of older andor blighted buildings in the Ponto area of the project area would have positive aesthetic impacts to the community. Remodeling existing older buildings or demolishing older buildings and constructing new buildings reflecting current architecture and design would significantly improve the aesthetics of the Ponto area. All projects the Commission participates in with the city should include streetscape improvements consistent with and in conformance with the City’s Scenic Corridor Guidelines. The incorporation of landscape and hardscape improvements and designs into projects, both public and private, as identified in the Scenic Corridor Guidelines would significantly improve the aesthetics of the project area. Local Coastal Programs -.- All development projects, both public and private, must comply with the respective Mello I1 and Agua Hedionda LCP’s policies regarding protecting scenic qualities. Any participation by the Commission in the development of either public and/or private projects would have to be in compliance with the applicable LCP regarding the protection and preservation of public visual resources. c c Conclusion Based on the threshold criteria the adoption and implementation of the Plan would not result in any significant aesthetic impacts. Implementation of the Plan would, in all likelihood, result in positive aesthetic impacts by removing existing blighted and deteriorated buildings and replacing them with newer buildings that may not otherwise be provided by the private sector acting alone. 4.5.3 Mitigation Measures The following measure is recommended to mitigate potential short-term aesthetic construction impacts: 1. Construction equipment staging areas shall either be screened from public view or located in an area away from direct public view. 4.5.4 Significance.Mer Mitigation No significant aesthetic impacts are anticipated with adoption and implementation of the Plan and incorporation of the recommended mitigation measure. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -73- 4.6 Noise 4.6.1 Environmental Setting There are two types of noise sources in the City of Carlsbad: mobile and stationary sources. Mobile sources are typically transportation-related and include automobiles, aircraft, trains, trucks, motorcycles, buses, off-road vehicles and boats. Stationary sources are generally those generated by specific land uses and may include industrial and commercial operations, construction activity , farming operations, concert halls, outdoor sporting events, loud stereos and barking dogs. The noise sources that are considered most significant in the City of Carlsbad are mobile sources. However, stationary sources such as, commercial and industrial activities contribute to the City’s ambient noise levels. The following is a discussion of the significant sources of noise in the city. Mobile Sources of Noise . Roadway traffic noise is the most extensive noise problem faced by the City of Carlsbad. Vehicular noise has three main component sources: engine/transmission noise, exhaust noise and tire noise. The intensity of noise emissions from any given vehicle will vary with its size and other factors, such as speed, acceleration, braking, roadway grade and conditions of the roadway surface. Thus, a busy downtown arterial with stop and go traffic is often noisier than an open highway with comparable traffic volumes. The North County Transit District rail system runs parallel to the coastline through its 61/2 mile length in Carlsbad. The railroad right-of-way is 100 feet wide throughout most of the area south of Tamarack Avenue and expands to 200 feet in width as it travels north of Tamarack through the downtown beach area and central business district. Currently AMTRACK operates several daily passenger trains between San Diego and Los Angeles. Additionally, a number of freight trains pass through Carlsbad daily. The majority of rail noise emanates from the locomotive and from the interaction between the rail and train wheels. The rhythmic clacking noise emitted by trains result from friction of the wheel at rail joints. Safety devices such as warning whistles and wigwags with bells used at grade crossings can contribute significantly to railroad noise. The NCTD railroad tracks extend through the northern portion of the project area from just south of Cannon Road to the northern project boundary on the north end of Agua Hedionda lagoon. Airport McClellan-Palomar Airport is currently operating as a general aviation facility and is located west of El Camino Real, just north of Palomar Airport Road in the City of Carlsbad. In general, land in the immediate vicinity of the airport or under the takeoff or landing approach is subject to noise South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -74- L levels which are unsuitable for residential development, schools, hospitals and other similar noise sensitive uses. Projected noise contours around the airport are shown in Exhibit 14. As shown in this exhibit the projected noise levels for the proposed project area between the 60 and 65 CNEL noise contour. Existing Noise Levels Existing noise levels throughout the City of Carlsbad were taken in conjunction with preparation of the Environmental Impact Report of the 1994 City of Carlsbad General Plan Update. Noise measurements were taken in 1993 at 23 locations throughout the City of Carlsbad. Criteria for site selection included geographic distribution, land uses suspected of noisy activities and proximity to transportation facilities. Measurements represent motor vehicle noise from Interstate 5, State Route 78 and the Circulation Element roadway network.*' Noise contours which depict existing noise levels for mobile noise sources including airport, rail, fieeway, prime arterials, major arterials and collector streets are presented in Exhibits 15 and 16. As shown in these two exhibits the noise levels within the project area range between 65-70dB and are associated for the most part with traffic along Carlsbad Boulevard. In addition to existing noise levels the City also projected future noise levels throughout the city to the year 2010 during the general plan update. The noise levels projected to the year 2010 were based on hture residential and non-residential development in the city based on land uses proposed by the General Plan. Projected Year 2010 noise contours are presented in Exhibits 17 and 18. As shown in these exhibits when compared to the previous exhibits of the city's existing noise levels, fbture noise levels along most of the city's Circulation Element roadways will increase due to increased traffic volumes. The distance from the roadway centerline to the 60 CNEL contour Carlsbad Boulevard, the major roadway in the project area will increase in the hture as traffic volumes increase. Citv of Carlsbad Noise Element The goal of the Noise Element is to achieve and maintain an environment which is free from objectionable, excessive or harmful noise. The Noise Element is correlated with the Land Use, Circulation and Housing Elements of the General Plan. The Land Use Element is related to the Noise Element in that noise can have a significant impact on land use. The Circulation Element is related to the Noise Element in that the majority of the noise created in Carlsbad is created by *'City of Carlsbad General Plan Update, Final Master EIR, March 1994, pages 5.9.1-5.9.9. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -75- c c c - c e c c c c -. c trains, planes or automobiles. Consistent with state law, it is the policy of the City that the Noise Element be consistent with all General Plan Elements.22 One of the key implementing policies and action programs of the Noise Element is to enforce the policy of the city that sixty (60) dBA CNEL is the exterior noise level to which all residential units should be mitigated. 65 dBA CNEL is the maximum noise level to which residential units subject to noise from McClellan-Palomar Airport should be permitted. Interior noise levels should be mitigated to 45 dBA CNEL when openings to the exterior of the residence are open or closed. If openings are required to be closed to meet the interior noise standard then mechanical ventilation shall be provided.= 4.6.2 Project Impact The threshold criteria for determining whether or not the project could have significant noise impacts is based on whether or not adoption and implementation of the Plan would: 1. Increase noise beyond acceptable levels established in the Noise Element 2. Increase noise levels by 3 dBA in areas that already exceed City or State standards. 3. Increase noise levels by 5 dBA although the result is still below the maximum noise level considered acceptable according to the Noise Element. The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not result directly in any development in the project area. The Plan allows the Commission to collect tax increment from the project area and use the tax increment at the Commission’s discretion to assist the City of Carlsbad financially with the construction of public improvement projects and/or private development in the project area. Therefore, the Plan, if adopted, would not result in the generation of any noise since no projects would be developed with adoption of the Plan. Indirectly the Plan would allow the Commission to participate financially with the City in the construction of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan as hnds become available. The Plan would also allow the Commission to participate financially with private development to rehabilitate or demolish existing buildings in the project area and construct new buildings in their place. Adoption of the Plan would indirectly allow the Commission to participate in developing projects which would generate both short and long-term noise impacts. The construction of public improvement projects listed in the Plan, as well as private projects, would have both short and long-term noise impacts. The short-term noise impacts would be **City of Carlsbad General Plan, Noise Element, page 1-2. %id, page 7. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EJR -81- c c- c ” associated with construction activities such as the operation of mechanical equipment, delivery of materials to and from the construction site, vehicular noise from workers commuting the construction site, etc. While the construction noise impacts would be short-term there could be noise impacts to noise sensitive land uses that may exist adjacent to the construction site. While a review of the public improvement projects suggest that most of the projects are located away from residential and other noise sensitive land uses there could be specific aspects of a project that could generate noise levels that could impact residents or the public. Even if there are no noise sensitive land uses in the area construction activities would increase the ambient background noise levels in the area. Although it is not known at this time the precise location of private projects the Commission may assist in the future, the construction noise associated during construction of private projects could also have short-term noise impacts similar to those typically associated with public projects. Compliance with the City’s Noise Ordinance for all projects both public and private would reduce and minimize significant noise impacts during construction. Implementation of the Plan would encourage new development and/or remodeling of existing buildings in the project area. New development and/or remodeling of existing buildings would also generate long-term noise levels that could impact noise sensitive land uses either adjacent to or in close proximity to the project. Long-term noise impacts primarily would be .due to vehicular traffic and operation of mechanical equipment. Since vehicular traffic is the single largest mobile noise source in Carlsbad increased vehicular traffic would have the single largest impact on existing noise levels. Potential noise impacts with new development would be evaluated for potential noise impacts at the time they are submitted to the city for approval. Proposed circulation improvement projects listed in the Plan could change traffic patterns resulting in increases in existing traffic noise levels. For example, the proposed re-alignment of Carlsbad Boulevard would move the southbound travel lanes fbrther east toward existing and proposed residential areas. Moving traffic closer to noise sensitive land uses could have noise impacts to the residents. Once the final alignment of Carlsbad Boulevard is determined the City of Carlsbad would evaluate and determine if there would be any significant noise impacts to existing residents along the east side of Carlsbad Boulevard. If it is determined by the city there could be significant noise impacts to residents based on the propose alignment of Carlsbad Boulevard either changes to the alignment or noise reduction measures could be incorporated to reduce interior and exterior noise levels to residents to city acceptable levels. The potential noise levels associated with the transportation improvement projects listed in the Plan would be fblly evaluated by the City of Carlsbad at the time each project is considered for construction. The Commission could also participate financially in assisting private development in the construction of projects in the project area. All private development projects whether they are assisted by the Commission or not must comply with the City’s Noise Ordinance regarding interior and exterior noise levels. The City reviews all projects for potential noise impacts and South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -82- compliance with the noise ordinance. All private development projects would be required to comply with the City's noise ordinance. Conclusion Based on the threshold criteria the adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly have any noise impacts. Although the Commission could participate financially with the development of private projects in the project area there are no private development projects included in the Plan that would directly be developed with Plan adoption. Any private project the Commission may participate in would be required to meet and comply with the City of Carlsbad Noise Ordinance to minimize noise impacts. Although the Plan would indirectly encourage new development in the project area no potential significant noise impacts have been identified. 4.6.3 Mitigation Measures Since no significant noise impacts have been identified no mitigation measures are recommended. 4.6.4 Significance After Mitigation There would be no significant noise impacts associated with adoption and implementation ofthe Plan. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -83- - " c c. 4.7 Air Quality 4.7.1 Environmental Setting The City of Carlsbad is located in the County of San Diego Air Basin (SDAB) which includes all of San Diego County. Carlsbad in located along the coastal plain in northern San Diego County where the predominant climatic influence is the Pacific Ocean. Temperatures along coastal San Diego County average from the low 50's during the winter to the low 70's in the summer. Almost all rainfall occurs between October and April, averaging approximately 10 inches annually. The coastal areas experience daily shifts in the wind direction due to the different hearing rates of the land and ocean. The winds blow offshore at night and in the morning and shift onshore in the afternoon. Air temperature normally decreases with increasing elevation which allows hot air to rise. Coastal southern California experiences temperature inversion layers where the air temperature increases with elevation. These inversion layers trap pollutants by preventing vertical dispersion. During these conditions polluted air can only be dispersed by lateral winds. When these winds blow offshore, as during Santa Ana conditions, the skies are clear and clean throughout southern California. When the Santa Ana winds subside, the pollutants that were blown offshore from the Los Angeles area are blown onshore into San Diego County. This results in the highest levels of air pollutants in the area. Ambient air quality is a measure of the purity of the air. Air quality is diminished by the release of pollutants into the air from local and nearby sources. Air quality is enhanced by dispersion of these pollutants through winds and rising air. The principal pollutants of concern in coastal southern California are photochemical hydrocarbons (smog), carbon monoxide, nitrogen dioxide, sulhr dioxide, and suspended inhaleable particulates. Countv of San Dieno Air Pollution Control District The City of Carlsbad is located in the jurisdiction of the County of San Diego Air Pollution Control District (SDAPCD) which covers all of San Diego County. The SDAPCD prepared a 1992 revision to the Regional Air Quality Strategy (RAQS) to comply with state and federal legislation and to attempt to address attainment of both state and federal standards. The RAQS must be revised every three years to reflect changes in regional growth patterns or federal mandates. The RAQS is based on the land use plans of the respective cities and the county in San Diego County. Ambient air quality is recorded by the APCD at ten air monitoring stations within the San Diego Air Basin. The closest air monitoring station to the City of Carlsbad is in the City of Oceanside. Table 3 shows the number of days federal and state ozone air emission standards were exceeded at the Oceanside monitoring station between 1989 and 1998, the last date of recordings. As South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -84- c I .“ c shown in this table while state and federal ozone standard levels have been exceeded the number of days exceeded per year have gradually been reduced since 1998. Table 3 Number of Days Federal and State Ozone Emission Standards Were Exceeded at the Oceanside Monitoring Station 1989-1998 Standards 0 0 0 0 0 4 2 3 4 8 Federal 1998 1997 1996 1995 1994 1993 1992 1991 1990 1989 (12PPhm) ( spPhm*) State 3 6 4 5 2 7 12 13 14 21 * parts of ozone per hundred million part per air The APCD is non-attainment for the state and national ozone standards. The District is either attainment or unclassified for the other criteria air pollutant standards. State Imdementation Plan Under federal Clean Air Act Amendments, areas designated as “non-attainment” are required to prepare regional air quality plans which set forth a strategy for bringing an area into compliance with the standards. Air quality plans developed to meet federal requirements are included in an overall program referred to as the State Implementation Plan (SIP). Under federal Clean Air Act Amendment of 1990, SIP’S were required to be revised to meet new requirements for those regions like San Diego Air Basin, that did not attain the national standards by 1987. By 1990 San Diego County was no longer “non-attainment” for national standards for nitrogen dioxide and particulates, and thus SIP revisions focus on the pollutant carbon monoxide, for which San Diego remain “non-attainment.” Under the California Clean Air Act of 1988, air quality plans are required for areas designated as “non-attainment” for the standards (not including PM-10 non-attainment areas). Thus, just as many areas in California have two sets of attainmenthon-attainment designations, they also have parallel sets of air quality plans: one set to meet federal requirements and one set to meet state requirements. In 1991 an air quality plan, the 1991 Regional Air Quality Strategy (1 991 Strategy), was developed to meet the requirements of the California Clean Air Act and it addressed “non-attainment” status of the County with respect to state standards for ozone, carbon monoxide and nitrogen dioxide. The California Clean Air Act requires plans, such as the 1991 Strategy, to be updated on a triennial basis. The second triennial update (1998 Update) was adopted by SDAPCD in June South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -85- c 1998. The 1998 Update includes four new SDAPCD control measures, but none of them affect emission sources associated with electricity generation. The 1998 Update incorporates the various federal SIP revisions with their updated emission inventories and emission projections, by reference, with one exception. The exception relates to electric utility boilers. Controlling these boilers was not necessary to meet federal SIP requirements and consequently was not reflected in the SIP emission inventories and projections. However, control of the boilers is necessary to meet state mandates. Thus the 1998 Update reflect NOx emission reductions required under SDAPCD Rule 69 (e.g., annual aggregate NOx emission limits of 2,100 tons beginning in 1997, 800 tons beginning in 2001, and 650 tons beginning in 2005), while the federal SIP does not reflect such reductions. Encina Power Plant The Encina power plant consists of five boilers which supply steam to five electricity-generating units, and one combustion turbine. The boilers can bum either natural gas or fbel oil. The combustion turbine is typically used to facilitate start-up of the other units at the plant and can bum either natural gas or distillate fbel. All the required permits to operate as required by the SDAPCD have been acquired by the current plant operator. The 46-year old power plant will soon be undergoing an interim retrofitting to reduce overall emissions to meet APCD standards. Presently, due to the older, less efficient power plant units, pollutants emitted into the air include nitrogen oxides, carbon monoxides, and sulfbr dioxides when the plant is operationally, usually during the summer months. L 4.7.2 Project Impact The threshold criteria for determining potential air quality impacts with adoption of the Plan is based on whether or not adoption of the Plan would: 1. Cause any Federal, State or local ambient air quality standard to be exceeded. 2. Contribute substantially to an existing or projected air quality violation. 3. Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations. 4. Conflict with the County of San Diego Air Pollution Control District Regional Air Quality Strategies. 5. Create objectionable odors. The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly result in any development in the project area. The Plan only allows the Commission to collect tax increment from the project area and use the tax increment at their discretion to assist the City of Carlsbad financially with the construction of public improvement projects and/or private development in the project area and would not directly allow development. Therefore, the Plan would not result in the construction or development of any projects that would generate air emissions or have any air emission impacts. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -86- The Plan incorporates the City of Carlsbad General Plan by reference and future development in the project area would have to be consistent with the Land Use Element of the General Plan. The RAQS adopted by the SDAPCD is based on the adopted general plans of the respective cities and jurisdictions the San Diego APCD. Therefore, incorporation of the City of Carlsbad General Plan in the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan would make the Plan consistent with the RAQS. Indirectly, the Plan would allow the Commission to participate financially in the construction of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan as hnds become available. The Plan would also allow the Commission to participate financially with the private development community to rehabilitate or demolish existing buildings and construct new buildings in their place. Adoption of the Plan would indirectly allow the Commission to participate in the development of projects that would generate both short and long-term air emissions. The Commission can assist the City in the construction of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan if adequate tax increment hnds become available. The construction of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan would generate air emissions. The short-term air emissions that would occur during construction of projects include those generated by construction workers driving to and from the construction site, trucks delivering construction materials to and from the site, dust and other particulates generated during demolition of existing buildings, grading and other construction activities, and emissions from off- site generation of electricity to power on-site electrical equipment. The amount of short-term air emissions due to new development and the potential impact on the local air quality would be evaluated by the City of Carlsbad at the time projects are submitted to the planning department for approval. While the air emissions generated during construction are considered short term the potential impact can be significant depending upon the size of the project, the period of construction thus the number of days construction emissions would be generated, number and types of &el power equipment, types of measures incorporated into the project to reduce and minimize air emissions, etc. While construction air emissions may be short- term the air quality impacts could be significant. The development of private projects would also generate long-term air emissions. Once projects are constructed the operation of motor vehicles, operation of on-site boilers, water heaters, hrnaces and other uses directly and indirectly associated with the project would generate air emissions that could have long-term air quality impacts. While some air emissions would be generated by on-site uses such as water heaters, boilers, etc. the majority of long-term air emissions would be attributed to the operation of motor vehicles associated with the respective use. The generation of additional traffic would incrementally increase ozone in the area which is a non-attainment pollutant in the APCD. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -87- " r .- - - " The City of Carlsbad reviews all private development projects for potential air quality impacts when submitted for approval. The City reviews projects to determine whether or not a project has the potential to have adverse air quality impacts by exceeding state and/or federal air emission thresholds during both construction and throughout the life of the project. If the city determines a project could exceed air emission thresholds an air quality analysis is required. Measures to reduce air emissions would be incorporated into the project when required to meet established air quality thresholds. At this time it is speculative to determine whether or not future development within the project area would result in any long-term air quality impacts. Future development in the project area would have to be consistent with the City of Carlsbad General Plan Land Use Element. Based on the Final Master EIR24 impacts to air quality fiom the implementation of the General Plan would be significant and not filly mitigateable. Existing city policies and mitigation measures listed in the Final Master EIR would lessen potential air quality impacts to the greatest extent possible, but would not reduce air emission impacts to a level of insignificance. While the incorporation of all applicable air emission reduction measures listed in the March 1994 Final Master EIR into future projects would reduce air quality impacts, the emissions would not be reduced to a level of insignificance. Encina Power Plant The adoption and implementation of the Plan directly would not change or impact the existing or future air emissions generated by the Encina power plant. The owner of the power plant is required to obtain all applicable air emission permits from SDAPCD as required by law and adoption and implementation of the Plan would not change this legal requirement. However, a goal of the Plan is to facilitate the redevelopment of the Encina power plant to a small more efficient power generating plant. Therefore, the Plan adoption directly would not impact or have any effect on air emissions generated by the Encina power plant. Conclusion While the adoption and implementation of the Plan itself would not have any significant air quality impacts, projects that could be developed in the project area could have both short and long-term air emission impacts. City staff would evaluate all projects for potential air quality impacts at the time they are submitted to the city for approval. Measures to reduce air emissions would be incorporated into the projects when applicable. Although the Plan would not directly cause or contribute to any air quality violations or conflict with the County of San Diego APCD Regional Air Quality Strategies, development in the project area consistent with the general plan would "Final Master EIR, City of Carlsbad General Plan Update, March 1994, page 5.3-7. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -88- ” ” have unavoidable adverse air quality impacts. Based on the threshold criteria the Plan would indirectly have significant adverse air quality impacts. 4.7.3 Mitigation Measures The following mitigation measure is recommended to reduce air emissions. While the following measure would serve to reduce air emissions typically associated with development the measure is not all inclusive. As new air emission reduction measures are identified in the future the City shall incorporate those air emission reduction measures into projects to further reduce air emissions. However, the following measure would serve to reduce air emissions as practical that are associated with most projects anticipated to be developed in the project area: 1. The City of Carlsbad shall incorporate all applicable air emission reduction measures listed in the March 1994 Final Master EIR for the City of Carlsbad General Plan Update into all Commission assisted projects. In addition, the City shall incorporate new air emission reduction measures in the future as applicable to further reduce air emissions during both the short and long-term. 4.7.4 Significance After Mitigation There would be significant air quality impacts indirectly associated with adoption and implementation of the Plan even with incorporation of the recommended mitigation measure. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -89- 4.8 Public Services 4.8.1 Water Service 4.8.1.1 Environmental Setting ". Water for potable use and fire flow is provided by the City of Carlsbad Municipal Water Department (CMWD). The existing water distribution system serving the project area includes a network of water pipelines ranging from 2" to 30" in diameter that carries water to the end users. There is a deficiency of water distribution facilities in the project area and a need for expanded water distribution facilities. The City of Carlsbad Water Master Plan identifies the water distribution improvements for the entire city including the project area. Based on the master plan the project area is in need of the construction of a 10" water main in Palomar Airport Road from Avenida Encinas to Carlsbad Boulevard then north in Carlsbad Boulevard to Manzano Drive. Other needed master plan improvements in the project area include a 12" water main in Poinsettia Lane from 1-5 to Carlsbad Boulevard. The city also provides reclaimed water to specific areas where reclaimed water facilities have been constructed. At the present time the City has a 500' section of reclaimed water line in Cannon Road. Proposed improvements to the reclaimed water distribution system in the project area includes the construction of a distribution line in Carlsbad Boulevard from Palomar Airport Road north to Cannon Road. The City has mandated water conservation measures that are incorporated into new projects and include ultra low flow toilets, low flow shower heads, etc. as required by State and Federal regulations. The City of Carlsbad also requires the use of specific approved landscaping to reduce irrigation demand. CMWD also requires the use and if determined necessary, the construction of recycle water facilities for landscape and irrigation purposes. 4.8.1.2 Project Impact The threshold-criteria for determining potential water supply impacts is based on whether or not adoption of the Plan would exceed: 1. The capacity of the existing or planned water supply and distribution service. 2. A minimum ten-day average storage capacity beyond the average daily usage. The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not result directly in the development of any projects in the project area. The adoption of the Plan allows the Commission to collect tax increment fiom the project area and use the tax increment at the Commissions discretion to assist the City of Carlsbad financially with the construction of public improvement projects and/or South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -90- private development in the project area. But, adoption of the Plan would not directly allow development of private or public projects. Therefore, the Plan, if adopted, would not result in the construction or development of any projects that would have the need for and consume additional quantities of potable water. As a result, the Plan would not directly have any impacts to the city’s water supply. Indirectly, the Plan would allow the Commission to participate financially in the construction of the water distribution improvement projects listed in the Plan when finds become available. The construction of the needed water distribution projects by the Commission that are listed in the Plan would have positive impacts to the project area and the city by constructing water distribution facilities recommended by the city’s water master plan which would provide a more reliable source of water for potable use and fire flow. Adoption of the Plan would also allow the Commission to participate indirectly in the development of private projects. The construction of private projects would increase the demand for water for both domestic consumption and fire flow. New development in the project area would be developed consistent with the general plan land use element. When required, future development would be required to construct the distribution facilities necessary to provide an adequate supply of water for consumption and fire flow as identified in the water master plan. The city would also require the installation of all applicable water conservation measures into each project as mandated by State and Federal law. Future development consistent with the general plan must also be consistent with and comply with the requirements of the City of Carlsbad Growth Management Plan. The Growth Management Plan requires that no development permits can be approved unless the project is consistent with the citywide facilities and improvements plan and the applicable local facilities management plan. One of the requirements is that adequate public facilities and improvements are provided in a phased and logical fashion. Therefore, an adequate supply of water and distribution facilities must be readily available to serve a project before the project can be developed. Additional development in the project area would have to be consistent with the land use element of the general plan. Future development consistent with the general plan would have an impact on water supply and have a significant impact to water resources. Measures to reduce water consumption can be incorporated into projects to reduce and mitigate water consumption impacts. Encina Power Plant The adoption of the Plan would not have any impact on water consumption at the Encina power plant. The Plan could have a positive impact on water consumption at the power plant if the proposed reclaimed water distribution system in Cannon Road is completed due to assistance by the Commission allowing the plant to use reclaimed water reducing the demand for potable water. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -91- c c " c Conclusion Based on the threshold criteria the adoption and implementation of the proposed Plan would not impact the local water supply or reduce the capacity of existing or planned water supply and distribution facilities. The Plan would have positive impacts if the Commission is able to assist the city financially in the construction of needed water master plan distribution facilities. The incorporation of all applicable city required water conservation.measures into future private development projects would help reduce water consumption and have a positive impact on water supplies. 4.8.1.3 Mitigation Measures Since no significant water supply impacts have been identified, no mitigation measures are recommended. 4.8.1.4 Significance Mer Mitigation There would be no significant water supply impacts with adoption and implementation of the Plan. 4.8.2. Police Protection 4.8.2.1 Environmental Setting The City of Carlsbad Police Department provides police protection to the city. The Project Area falls within both the 40 and 44 beats of the police department's seven-beat system. Each beat is staffed by at least one officer 24 hours a day. The police department has adopted a maximum six minute response time standard for police service for all priority-one emergency calls. The average response times in minutes for January 1 through November 30, 199 were as follows: Table 4 Police Response Times Response I Beat 40 I Beat 44 I I Priority 1 4.5 5.9 Priority 2 8.2 i Priority 3 I 18.7 I 21.7 Source: City of Carlsbad Police Department South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -92- ” c Priority 1 calls are life and death emergencies such as all violent crimes in progress, some non- violent crimes in progress, armed robbery alarms, traffic collisions, and burglaries in progress. Priority 2 calls include non-violent crimes such as petty theft and burglary alarms. Priority 3 call include reports being taken after the crime has occurred. The Police Department has numerous programs designed to increase crime prevention including Business Watch, Neighborhood Watch, etc. These are supplemented by a problem-solving approach used by officers to help solve community problems which often enlists the help of other City departments as well as County and State agencies. In addition, the Police Department reviews development projects and provides recommendations on street access, safety, security measures and the utilization of adequate lighting and buildingstreet addresses. 4.8.2.2 Project Impact The threshold criteria for determining potential police protection impacts is based on whether or not adoption of the Plan would result in conflicts with adopted service standards for law enforcement services. The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly result in any development in the project area. The Plan allows the Commission to collect tax increment from the project area and use the tax increment at their discretion to assist the City of Carlsbad financially with the construction of public improvement projects. Tax increment from the project area can also be used by the Commission to assist private development, however the adoption of the Plan would not directly allow private development. The Plan would not result in the construction or development of any projects and would not directly require the need for police protection Services. Indirectly, the Plan would allow the Commission to participate financially in the construction of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan when knds become available. The Plan would also allow the Commission to participate financially with private development to rehabilitate or demolish existing buildings and construct new buildings. Adoption of the Plan would indirectly allow the Commission to participate in the development of projects that would require police protection services. The Police Department anticipates that as the project area redevelops there would be an increase in police service demands. As new development and redevelopment in the project area occur the Department anticipates an increase in calls with traffic related events and other calls for service that are typically associated with residential and commercial development. Increased development could require increased calls for police protection services that could require additional police South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -93- officers andor equipment. The Police Department does not anticipate that adoption of the proposed Plan will have a significant effect on either the police personnel or response times2' Projects submitted to the City for approval are also submitted to the Police Department for review. The Department reviews projects to determine if there are measures andor designs that can be incorporated to improve the safety of the project and reduce service calls. The incorporation of Department suggested improvements and changes into projects would reduce police service calls impacts to the Department. Conclusion Based on the threshold criteria the adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly have an impact on police protection services. Indirectly, however, the Plan is anticipated to encourage new development which could increase calls for service with an impact on the Department. The incorporation of safety and security measures suggested by the Department into future development projects would reduce police calls minimizing impacts to the Department. 4.8.2.3 Mitigation Measures Since adoption of the Plan would not have any significant police protection impacts no mitigation measures are recommended. 4.8.2.4 Significance After Mitigation There would be no significant adverse police protection impacts with adoption and implementation of the Plan. 4.8.3 Fire Protection 4.8.3.1 Environmental Setting The City of Carlsbad Fire Department provides fire protection services for the city. Fire stations 1,4,2 and 5 will serve the area upon build out of the City. The response time of the first engine will likely range from five to seven minutes depending upon access routes created with the development of the area. The City of Carlsbad is a participant in the County wide mutual aid agreement which provides resources from neighboring departments on demand. Additionally, Carlsbad participates in a reciprocal "Automatic Aid" agreement with all surrounding cities. The automatic aid agreement *'Lynn Diamond, Senior Management Analyst, City of Carlsbad Police Department, letter dated December 28, 1999. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -94- provides for at least one additional engine company from the closest neighboring department upon receipt of the emergency 4.8.3.2 Project Impacts The threshold criteria for determining potential fire protection impacts is based on the Growth Management Plan standard for whether or not adoption of the plan would establish more than 1,500 dwelling units outside of the five minute response area. The adoption of the Plan would not result directly in any development in the project area. While the Plan allows the Commission to collect tax increment from the project area and use the tax increment at their discretion to assist the City of Carlsbad financially with the construction of public improvement projects and/or private development in the project area it does not directly allow development. Therefore, the Plan would not result in the construction or development of any projects that would require fire protection services. Upon adoption of the Plan the Commission could assist the city with the construction of public improvement projects listed in the Plan. The assistance by the Commission with the construction of water facility improvement projects would have positive impacts for the Fire Department by improving the water supply for fire flow. The construction of water distribution facilities consistent with the city’s water master plan would improve fire flow resulting in positive impacts to the Fire Department. The Plan would allow the Commission to participate financially with private developers to rehabilitate or demolish existing buildings and construct new buildings. Adoption of the Plan would indirectly allow the Commission to participate in the development of projects that would require fire protections services. The development of commercial uses in the project area would result in an increase in demand for fire protection services such as code enforcement and construction plan review. Should emergency response time emerge as an issue during the development of the project area, “built-in” fire protection such as automatic fire sprinkler systems for all structures in lieu of additional fire station facilities could be considered as a mitigation ~trategy.~’ The Plan incorporates the City of Carlsbad General Plan by reference and future development in the project area would have to be consistent with the Land Use Element of the General Plan. The only land in the project area that could be developed with residential uses is located in the Ponto 26Fire Marshal Michael Smith, City of Carlsbad Fire Department, letter dated December 9, 1999. 271bid. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -95- area. The land in the Ponto area designated for residential use would not allow the development of more than 1,500 residential units. To be consistent with the City of Carlsbad Growth Management Plan future development in the project area would have to have adequate fire protection services available prior to the construction of residential units. Encina Power Plant The adoption of the Plan would not impact or change the existing fire protection services provided by the city to the Encina power plant. The City would continue to provide fire protection services to the plant as needed upon adoption of the Plan without any significant impacts. Conclusion Based on the threshold criteria the adoption of the Plan would not have any significant fire protection impacts. The Department has adequate fire protection services available to serve hture development in the project area without any significant impacts. 4.8.3.3 Mitigation Measures Since no significant fire protection impacts have been identified no mitigation measures are recommended. 4.8.3.4 Significance Mer Mitigation There would be no significant adverse fire protection impacts with adoption and implementation of the Plan. 4.8.4 Schools 4.8.4.1 Environmental Setting The Carlsbad Unified School District (CUSD) serves the project area. The CUSD schools that serve the project area and their current enrollments and capacities are shown below in Table 5. As indicated below, Pacific Rim elementary school is currently operating over capacity and several of the other schools are approaching their capacities.** The District has plans to increase the student capacity at each of the schools as indicated in Table 6. **Gaylen Freeman, Assistant Superintendent, Carlsbad Unified School District, letter dated December 16, 1999. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -96- ” -.. -”- ..- . ” Table 5 CUSD Schools Serving the Project Area School Student Capacity Current Enrollment Pacific Rim 780 455 Aviara Oaks Middle School 48 1 575 Carlsbad High School 3930* 2483 Jefferson Elementary* * 966 824 (Jefferson: 350) Valley Middle School 1200 1020 * Approximate ** Combined enrollments of Jefferson and Pine Schools Table 6 Proposed Expansion Plans of CUSD Schools Serving Project Area ~ ~~ School Pacific Rim Aviara Oaks Middle School Carlsbad High School Jefferson Elementary Valley Middle School Expansion Plans Relocatable classrooms will be in place by February 2000. Additional classrooms will be added when hnds are available: 2-3 years. A new 26-classroom building opened in September 1999; a new gymnasium is under construction-completion in June 2000. Site is at capacity Site is at capacity The student generation rates currently experienced in the District are presented below in Table 7. The District uses these student generation rates to plan for classroom space as new development occurs. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -97- Table 7 Carlsbad Unified School District Student Generation Rates Grades Multiple Family Single Family K-5 .214 .244 6-8 .093 .120 9-12 .153 .148 The District collects developer fees at the time of issuance of building permits. The developer fees are used by the District to provide additional classroom facilities to serve new students. The District’s current developer fees are $0.3 Usquare foot for commercial use and $1.93/square foot for residential use.29 The City of Carlsbad has adopted an ordinance to undertake such reasonable steps as the city council determines to be necessary to alleviate overcrowding of school facilitiesM The ordinance requires the payment of fees for residential subdivisions containing fifty lots or less and in residential developments where building permits or grading permits are the only required city approvals. In addition, school fees and/or the dedication of land can be required for some projects. The San Diego County Office of Education (COE) also serves the project area. The COE provides a variety of school and education services to County residents making it a countywide school district. Some of the programs provided by the COE include direct services to students, including children (infants, preschool, and students in grades K-12) as well as adults. Other COE services are provided through public schools, including forty-three school districts and all five community college districts in the County. These services include staff development for teachers and current and prospective administrators as well as numerous management support services. The following COE programs may be affected by the proposed Plan: a. Regional Occupation Program b. Hope Infant Handicapped Program c. Migrant Education Program d. Outdoor Education Program e. Teacher Training and Development ?hid. MSchool Facilities Dedication and Fee Ordinance, Ordinance 9505. south Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -98- ”- c f Administration Training and Development 8. COE Administration Using official 1998 CBEDS data and the State of California Department of Finance statistics, projected K-12 enrollments in San Diego County school districts will increase 3%.” 4.8.4.2 Project Impact The threshold criteria for determining if adoption and implementation of the Plan would have impacts on school facilities is if projected enrollment would exceed existing and planned facilities serving the project area. The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly result in any development in the project area. The Plan allows the Commission to collect tax increment from the project area and use the tax increment at their discretion to assist the City of Carlsbad financially with the construction of public improvement projects andor private development in the project area. Adoption of the Plan would not directly result in the construction or development of any projects that would generate additional students to CUSD schools or COE educational facilities. Indirectly, the Plan would allow the Commission to participate financially with the private development community to rehabilitate or demolish existing buildings and construct new buildings in their place. The Plan is anticipated to encourage new development and rehabilitation of existing buildings in the project area. New residential development in the project area would generate additional students to CUSD schools and possibly COE facilities. The Ponto area is zoned for residential density-multiple zone use and allows single and multi-family residential uses. This zoning designation also allows senior citizen housing with approval of a site development plan. The development of additional residential units in the Ponto area would generate additional students impacting CUSD schools particularly schools over capacity. It is speculative to estimate or determine when and if residential development in the Ponto area may occur and the number of units that may be approved by the City. Based on the District’s student generation rates of 0.244 studentddwelling unit for K-5, 0.120 studentsldwelling unit for 6-8 and 0.148 studentddwelling unit for 9-12, a 20-unit single family residential development would generate approximately 10 new students to grades K-12. Depending upon the enrollment and capacity of the schools the impact on District schools may or may not be significant. Since several CUSD schools serving the project area are currently at or over capacity the generation of additional students would have an impact on CUSD facilities. Additional residential development could generate additional students and/or adults to COE facilities. Since residential development does not always generate students/adults to COE ’‘Mr. Tom Robinson, San Diego County Office of Education, letter dated November 3, 1999. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -99- -.- c facilities it is speculative to estimate or determine the number of studentdadults that may be generated by new development. It is possible there would not be any additional studentdadults generated from new residential development to COE facilities. The project area includes property that is zoned for commercial-tourist uses which allows hotels, motels and restaurants. The development of these types of commercial uses would not directly generate new students. While some employees may relocate to be closer to their place of employment the number of people that actually relocate would be minimal. Any new students indirectly generated to area schools by employees moving closer to their place of employment would be minimal and is not anticipated to significantly impact CUSD or COE facilities. Most of the people employed by hotel, motel and restaurant uses commute from their current residence rather than move. Therefore, the development of additional commercial uses in the project area is not anticipated to significantly impact CUSD or COE educational facilities. Developer fees for both residential and commercial development are required to assist the District in providing educational facilities to adequately serve new students. The fees collected by the District would mitigate the impact by new development on school facilities. Future residential development in the project area would have to comply with the City of Carlsbad Ordinance 9505, School Facilities Dedication and Fee Ordinance. Depending upon the number of residential lots approved, either school impact fees and/or the dedication of land would be required to mitigate school impacts. The existing residential zoning for the property in the project area allows the development of senior citizen housing with approval of a site development plan. The development of senior citizen housing would not generate any students to Carlsbad Unified School District and therefore, would not impact the District. A residential project would be required to pay the school developer fees applicable to residential development which could be used by CUSD to provide additional school facilities. Encina Power Plant The Encina power plant does not directly generate students to any CUSD facilities. The adoption of the Plan would not have any impact by the Encina power plant on either CUSD or COE facilities. Conclusion Based on the threshold criteria the project would not have any significant adverse impacts on CUSD or COE educational facilities. The payment of developer fees would mitigate any impacts fbture residential development would have on CUSD schools or COE educational facilities. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR - 100- c c c " " 4.8.4.3 Mitigation Measures Since no significant school facility impacts have been identified, no mitigation measures are recommended. 4.8.4.4 Significance Mer Mitigation There would be no unavoidable adverse school impacts with adoption and implementation of the Plan. 4.8.5 Wastewater 4.8.5.1 Environmental Setting Wastewater generated in the project area is collected and treated by the Carlsbad Municipal Water District at the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility for treatment. The Encina Water Pollution Control Facility treatment plant is a regional wastewater treatment facility with a current capacity of approximately 36 million gallons per day. Wastewater treated at the facility produces secondary effluent plus stabilized and dewatered sludge. The effluent is discharged into the Pacific Ocean through the Encina regional ocean outfall pipeline. 4.8.5.2 Project Impact The threshold criteria for determining if adoption and implementation of the Plan would have impacts on wastewater collection and treatment facilities is if adoption of the Plan would: 1. Generate demand for additional sewer service that exceeds the capacity of the existing or planned sewer collection infrastructure and treatment facilities. The adoption of the Plan would not directly result in any development. While the Plan allows the Commission to collect tax increment from the project area and use the tax increment at their discretion to assist the City of Carlsbad financially with the construction of either public improvement projects and/or private development it does not directly allow development. Therefore, the Plan would not result in the construction or development of any projects that would generate sewage and impact sewer collection or wastewater treatment facilities. The Plan would allow the Commission the authority to assist the city with the construction of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan. The assistance by the Commission with the construction of sewer facilities would have positive impacts for the Carlsbad Municipal Water District by improving the sewer collection services in the project area. The Plan would also allow the Commission to participate financially with private developers to rehabilitate existing buildings and/or construct new buildings. The development of commercial South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -101- “ and residential uses in the project area would generate additional quantities of wastewater that would be collected and treated at the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility. New development in the City must be consistent with the Land Use Element of the General Plan and comply with requirements of the City of Carlsbad Growth Management Plan. The Growth Management Plan requires that adequate public facilities, including wastewater collection and treatment facilities, exist prior to construction. As such, “No development permit shall be approved unless the approving authority finds that the permit is consistent with the citywide facilities and improvements plan and the applicable local facilities management plan.”32 The city’s requirement that all development comply with the Growth Management Plan would reduce impacts of additional development in the project area to wastewater collection and treatment facilities by assuring adequate facilities are available to serve the project prior to development. Encina Power Plant The adoption of the Plan would not change or impact the treatment of wastewater by the Carlsbad Municipal Water District that is currently generated by the power plant. The District would continue to treat wastewater from the power plant at their Encina Water Pollution Control Facility without any impacts. Conclusion The adoption of the Plan would not have any significant wastewater collection or treatment impacts on District facilities including the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility. The Plan would have positive impacts on District facilities if the Commission is able to assist with the construction of the sewer facilities projects listed in the Plan. 4.8.5.3 Mitigation Measures “ c Since no significant wastewater collection or treatment impacts have been identified, no mitigation measures are recommended. 4.8.5.4 Significance After Mitigation There would be no significant wastewater collection or treatment impacts with adoption and implementation of the Plan. ’*City of Carlsbad Growth Management Ordinance, Chapter 2 1.90. e South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -1 02- “ 4.9 Hazards and Hazardous Materials 4.9.1 Environmental Setting There are no known hazardous waste sites within the project area. There are two former waste disposal sites in the city and both are located outside of the project area. Approximately 75 percent of registered hazardous substances in the City are located at gas stations and auto-related businesses. There are no gas stations or auto-related businesses in the project area. Encina Power Plant The operation of the Encina power plant requires the consumption of fuel oil and natural gas to power electrical generating equipment. Above ground storage tanks store the fuel oil used by the power generating equipment. An offshore marine terminal for fuel oil offloading is located less than a mile west of the plant. A natural gas transmission extending along the NCTD railroad tracks provides natural gas to the power plant. Various hazardous materials are used at the plant including petroleum fuels and water treatment chemicals such as ammonia. The plant has a current Emergency Response Plan and an Employee Hazardous Materials Training Program in place. The plant owner manages its hazardous waste under the Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA) as a large-quantity generator. Hazardous waste are transported to off-site facilities for recycling, treatment, and/or disposal. The California Department of Toxic Substance Control regulates the generation, transportation, treatment, storage and disposal of hazardous waste under RCRA and the California Hazardous Waste Control Law. Both laws impose “cradle to grave” regulatory systems for handling hazardous waste in a manner that protects human health and the en~ironment.~~ Electromagnetic Fields Power lines and electrical distribution facilities that distribute electricity generated by the Encina power plant extend east fiom the power plant through a portion of the project area. These facilities include electric power lines, generators, transformers and other devices that handle electric currents and produce electric and magnetic fields (electromagnetic fields, or Ems). EMFs oscillate at a fiequency of 60 hertz. Field strength decreases rapidly with distance from the source. EMFs are produced by power lines, house wiring, all electrical appliances and wherever electrical currents are 33Mitigated Negative Declaration, San Diego Gas and Electric Company’s Application No1 97-12-039 Proposal for Divestiture, Section 4.9 Hazards, page 14. UIbid. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -103- c ” The power lines that distribute electricity generated by the Encina power plant extend east from the plant across 1-5 along the south side of Agua Hedionda lagoon within in an existing easement. At a point near the southeast corner of the Agua Hedionda lagoon the power lines branch and extend in both a northeasterly and southeasterly direction transporting electricity throughout SDG&E’s power grid system. The SDG&E easement that contains the power grid system extends through portion of the redevelopment project area located east of 1-5 and north of Cannon Road. This portion of the project area is designated by the City of Carlsbad General Plan Land Use Element as Travel- Recreation Commercial and Open Space. The zoning is Public Utility. The types of land uses permitted in the Travel-Recreation Commercial land use designation include hotels, motels and restaurants. Accessory uses permitted as an integral part of a permitted use within the same structure or parcel of land includes: apparel and accessories; bakeries; beauty and barber shops; commercial parking lots; etc. Uses permitted by a conditional use permit include automobile service stations, bus passenger terminals, produce stores and stands, recreation facilities and bed and breakfast uses. 35 The types of land uses allowed in the Public Utility zone include generation and transmission of electrical energy, public utility district maintenance, storage and operating facilities, governmental maintenance and service facilities, energy transmission facilities, agriculture uses restricted to field and seed crops, truck crops, horticultural crops, etc.” 4.9.2 Project Impact The threshold criteria for determining whether or not the Plan could have hazardous impacts is based on whether or not the Plan would: 1. Create a potential public health hazard or involve the use, production or disposal of materials which pose a hazard to people, animal, and plant populations in the affected area. respectively. 2. Interfere with emergency response plans or emergency evacuation plans, The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly result in any development in the project area. The Plan allows the Commission to collect tax increment from the project area and use the tax increment at their discretion to assist the City of Carlsbad financially with the construction of public improvement and/or private development projects and would not directly allow development. Therefore, the Plan would not result in the construction or development of 35City of Carlsbad Zoning Ordinance, Chapter 21.29.030, 21.29.040 and 21.29.050 ”City of Carlsbad Zoning Ordinance, Chapter 21.36.020. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR - 104- any projects that would create or pose a health hazard or interfere with any existing emergency response or evacuation plans. The Plan is anticipated to encourage development in the project area consistent with existing general plan land use designations. Based on existing designations there are no land uses that would either generate hazardous materials or expose people or property to hazardous materials if businesses are operated in a safe manner and comply with all applicable local, county, state and federal laws. Encina Power Plant The adoption of the Plan would not change or affect current operations of the Encina power plant. The plant would continue to operate and be required to comply with all applicable city, county, state and federal rules and regulations regarding the use, storage, transport and disposal of hazardous materials. There' would not be any significant hazardous material impacts associated with continued operation of the Encina power plant with adoption of the Plan. In addition, none of the uses anticipated to occur in the project area would interfere with any emergency response plans or evacuation plans, particularly at the Encina power plant Conclusion Based on the threshold criteria the proposed Plan would not have any significant adverse hazardous waste impacts since the Plan would not create any public health hazards. No significant hazardous waste or hazards associated with adoption of the Plan have been identified. The continued operation of the Encina power plant would have to comply with all applicable city, county, state and federal laws regarding the use and disposal of hazardous materials and adoption of the Plan would not change or impact these requirements. Future development of the portion of the project area east of 1-5 adjacent to the power grid system would not be impacted if developed in compliance with the general plan. 4.9.3 Mitigation Measures c Since no significant adverse hazardous waste or hazard impacts have been identified, no mitigation measures are recommended. - 4.9.4 Significance After Mitigation I There would be no significant adverse hazardous waste impacts with adoption and implementation of the Plan. c South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -105- c " c 4.10 Population and Housing 4.10.1 Environmental Setting As of 1995 the City of Carlsbad had a population of 67,167 people with 28,927 households based on information from the San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG). The estimates for the City of Carlsbad for the year 2020 are 132,232 people and 55,123 households. The City of Carlsbad Housing Element uses the residential goals and objectives of the City's Land Use Element as policy framework for developing more specific goals and policies in the Housing Element. The Land Use Element encompasses five main themes. 1. Preservation - The City should preserve the neighborhood atmosphere, retain the identi@ of the existing neighborhoods, maximize open space and ensure slope preservation. 2. Choice - The City should ensure a variety of housing types, single-family detached or attached, multi-family (apartments, townhouses, etc.), with different styles and price levels in a variety of locations. 3. Medium and High Density Compatibility with Surroundings and Services - The City should provide close-in living and convenient shopping in the commercial core but limit large-scale development of apartments to areas that are most appropriate. 4. Housing Needs - The City should utilize programs to revitalize deteriorating areas or those with high potential for deterioration and seek to provide low and moderate income housing. The City will also address the special housing needs of the homeless, the farm worker, handicapped and the elderly. 5. Growth Management Program - The Housing Element was reviewed with regard to the Growth Management Program in 1986. The analysis found that the Growth Management Program would not significantly impact the Regional Housing Needs or the Housing Element as the City's housing needs and fair share goals will continue to be met. It is the purpose and intent of this program to provide quality housing opportunities for all economic segments of the community and to balance the housing needs of the region against the public service needs of Carlsbad's residents and available fiscal and environmental resource^.^' The Housing Element addresses each of these main themes as discussed below. c c c "City of Carlsbad Housing Element, page 7-8. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR - 106- " Housing. Needs Analysis The housing needs analysis is a review of selected information on population and housing trends within the region and the City of Carlsbad. It contains information on employment and employment trends, housing costs, the estimated number of households that need assistance and other relevant statistical data. These data are important in understanding the evaluation of supply and demand indicators and the current market analysis of housing within Carlsbad. Population Growth and Projections - The City has experienced a rapid growth. In 1960, a few years after incorporation, the population base was under 10,000. By 1995 the population was 67,167 people which is an increase of over 57,000 people during the 35- year period. The City's growth management program contains a build out capacity set at 54,599 dwelling units with a projected population of 134,914. The final population figure is based on an assumption of 2.471 persons per household per January 1 , 1986 State Department of Finance Estimates. Population by Age Group - Age group characteristics for the City show the largest population group to consist of persons between the ages of 35 to 59 years (about 39% of the population). The County as a whole has a slightly younger median age with a substantial part of the population under 35 years of age. Population by Race - Although the population of Carlsbad is predominantly white the two largest increases in the city fiom 1980 to 1988 were Asian and Hispanic population groups. Housing Projections - Carlsbad is projected to have a high expected housing growth rate in the next few years. This is due to general housing demand, the backlog of approved projects and a large amount of pending projects. Housing Trends - Carlsbad has experienced a tremendous growth in housing units within the last 20 years. Almost 40 percent of the City's housing stock is under ten years old and 90 percent of it's housing stock was build within the last 20 years. The older homes are located primarily in the older northwest quadrant of the city. The older units are also a major source of affordable housing stock for lower and moderate income residents as rents and sales prices are usually lower. Approved and Projected Units - Over the last ten years Carlsbad completed construction of over 1 1,288 housing units. After implementation of the Growth Management Plan in 1986 by citizen initiative, building permits and authorizations were halted until key conditions of the Growth Management Plan were met. These conditions included the completion of a Local Facilities Management Plan for each of the City's 25 Local Facilities Management zones to ensure that the needed facilities would be provided in a timely manner. These conditions resulted in a decrease in building permit issuance South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR - 107- following 1986 although discretionary actions approving housing development were continued. Traditionally, rental housing is the most affordable type of housing unit. Typical tenants include singles, young families, retirees and lower income wage earners. Households that rent usually live closer to job sites than households that own their homes. In general, with the increase in the cost of homes in recent years more and more moderate and upper income households are renting. This trend has put pressure on existing rental stock, encouraged the construction of new multi-family residential structures and has kept vacancy rates low. Rental costs, however, have increased due to this increased pressure and a downturn in multifamily construction. ”- ” ” Rental multi-family development in the city has decreased in the last ten years. New units that have been developed typically rent around 25%-30% higher than units developed over 10 years ago due to development standards, higher land costs, higher construction costs and greater financing costs. Sales and Rent Costs - The costs of home ownership have risen dramatically within the last two decades. Carlsbad with its unique coastal location, high development standards and emphasis on creating a community with a unique quality of life has been attractive to upscale, move-up housing. Lower densities, increased infrastructure and facilities demand has led many builders to concentrate in this housing market. This has led to a decline in the small, single-family detached entry-level home in Carlsbad. This housing type would be affordable to the moderate income household but has been replaced in favor of the larger, more profitable “move-up housing” product type. Historically, the costs of shelter to a household have been considered to be “affordable” if they do not exceed 30 percent of household income. Based on County of San Diego criteria, affordable housing in the County would range from $7 19 to $1,34 1 per month depending on household size and based on an income level at 80 percent of the area median income. The costs of rents is taken to mean a combination of rent and an allowance for utilities; the cost of ownership is taken to mean a combination of principle, interest, insurance, utilities and an allowance for upkeep. HOUSEHOLD CHARACTERISTICS Housing Units by Type - A diversified housing stock to provide housing for all economic ranges is a stated goal in the current Carlsbad Housing Element. Carlsbad currently has 58% of its housing stock composed of single family type homes and 38% composed of multi-family dwelling units with mobile homes composing approximately 4% of the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -108- " " housing stock. Recent trends in construction, however, have tilted predominantly towards single-family construction. In Carlsbad, the amount of acreage that had been available for multi-family construction was reduced. Carlsbad, as part of its growth management program, lowered the density ranges of its land use classes. However, residential densities can be increased on a case- by-case basis. Perhaps as a result, the private sector has retreated from rental multi-family construction within master planned communities so as to focus on more profitable ownership projects featuring condominiums, townhouses and single-family homes. Overcrowded Units - Overcrowded units are an important factor in determining an under housed population. Carlsbad had an estimated 416 households that are overcrowded according to the 1980 census. As vacancy rates fall and supply of affordable housing diminishes, overcrowding increases. As overcrowding leads to accelerated deterioration of housing stock, code enforcement activities which can abate overcrowded conditions and fbrther preserve existing older housing stock is an important tool. It is important for the City of Carlsbad to implement an effective program to identi@ and abate overcrowded conditions and preserve existing housing stock. Household Income - Household income is an important indicator of the demand a city may experience for certain housing types. It also reflects an economic profile of the type of population that the City has attracted. As housing prices have escalated, the typical family that can afford to buy a home in Carlsbad has had to become more affluent. The median income for Carlsbad in 1998 was $54,634. This is significantly above the County median income of $52,500 for a family of four and $42,000 for a family of two. Jobs Housing Balance - A jobs-housing balance is a concept to create housing opportunities closer to employment centers and to create housing in the corresponding economic ranges that correlate to their respective employment sector. This concept creates less travel and transportation demand and thereby reduces pollution as well as promotes energy conservation. Creation of employment centers and jobs that occupy lower wage scales create demand for housing in the lower income ranges. As employment opportunities increase in a certain occupational sector and housing demand does not increase proportionally, a jobs housing imbalance is created. A jobs housing imbalance creates unwanted traffic situations during rush hours as commuters leave job-rich areas to return to areas that have adequate and cheaper housing. Although Carlsbad has created a significant number of housing opportunities within the last 10 years, it has not created enough housing to match job creation in the retail, industrial and service sectors. The employment sectors traditionally offer a lower wage level and, as a result, those employed in Carlsbad industrial parks, resort areas and South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR - 1 09- c commercial centers must seek housing in surrounding communities where housing costs are lower. Impacts to the city's streets, arterials and freeways are increased as workers commute to and fiom their work sites. The predominate construction of "move-up'' and luxury single family homes in Carlsbad within the last ten years and the promotion of the coastal location of Carlsbad as a highly desirable place to live has attracted affluent families from around the county to relocate here. Many of these households move here to be closer to jobs that are created in the City of Carlsbad and the north county area. There are households that may retain their former jobs and commute causing a secondary migration of commuters, those who live here but are employed elsewhere in the county. " Analysis of employment growth in Carlsbad shows that more growth can be expected in the industrial and retail sectors over the next 5 years. As this job growth will correspond with the average wages for this employment sector it can reasonably follow that additional housing demand for this income group will increase. Vacant land and land available for potential redevelopment should be carehlly monitored to assure that an adequate supply of acreage is available for new development to satisfy the housing demand for all economic ranges. Jobs-housing balance strategies needed to assure that future employment growth matches housing demand, should focus on providing increased employment opportunities in the technical, professional, medical and other employment sectors that have higher wage earnings. An additional strategy would be the requirement for major employment centers that create housing demand for lower income wage earners to contribute to the creation of housing. HOUSING NEEDS The existing housing needs are outlined in the current city Housing Element (1991-1999). The city is presently preparing a new Housing Element for the next cycle (1999-2004). Special Housing Needs - Population groups that have been identified as having the need for special and different types of shelter are referred to a Special Needs Groups. These groups, because of economic, social, mental or physical condition have difficulty finding appropriate housing. These groups have been identified as the homeless, large families, the elderly, students, farm workers and military families. Many of these groups are in the lower-income economic range. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -1 10- Housing Need By Income Category - ” +_ r- c a. Low and Very Low Income Households: The regional housing needs statement shows a greatly increased need for housing opportunities in the low and very low income ranges. Low income is defined as 50430% of the County median income. Very low income is defined as those households making 50% or less of the County median. The regional need shows Carlsbad’s share of low income housing should be almost 40% of its new development within the next five years. This allocation is derived from a methodology using available developable acreage, jobs, and employment growth and past housing performance by income category. Due to the kture growth of industrial, retail, office and service jobs in Carlsbad the demand for housing in these traditional lower-wage earner occupations will increase. The San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) developed a regional housing needs statement which indicates that there is a need for the city to provide housing for 2,509 low income households. Achievement of the goal to provide housing for the total need of 2,509 units indicated in the regional housing needs statement is impractical. A more modest goal, called a “Fairshare” goal has been developed. This goal is far more achievable and shows that approximately 1,125 new housing opportunities for low income households will need to be created. This is 18% of the total need of approximately 6,273 housing units needed for Carlsbad in the period of 199 1 - 1999. b. Moderate Income Households - Moderate income households are those that have an income of80% to 120% of the County median (adjusted for household size) according to the California Housing and Community Development Department (HCD). Moderate income is defined as between 80% to 95% of the county median by the Federal Department of Housing and Urban Development. AfTordable housing for these households is also a great concern as local incomes needed to qualifi for a loan on a typical median priced home is far below what is required in San Diego County. Carlsbad’s moderate income families that can afford to purchase a home here are usually “move-up” buyers with substantial equity from a previous home. Many households on fixed income such as the elderly are also precluded from purchasing a home. Although the affordable issue is a regional problem, it also must be addressed at the city level. c. Upper Income Households - This is the income group with the largest stated need in terms of total units. It reflects the nature of Carlsbad as a growing upscale community. The Regional Housing Needs Statement shows a minimum need for South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -1 11- i around 2,500 units within the period of the existing Housing Element (1991-1 999). Due to Carlsbad’s scenic coastal location and the market for move-up housing it is expected that this minimum goal for housing units to meet this economic range will be achieved. Though “move-up” buyers are the most popularly targeted home buyer in the Carlsbad real estate market, development to meet this income group is only a small part of the total housing need for the community. There are a variety of constraints, both governmental and non-governmental, to housing development. Although constraints may apply to all housing production they significantly impact housing that is affordable to the lower-income households. Many constraints are significant impediments to development, but must be weighed in the context of achieving balanced economic growth and preserving environmental resources as well as the particular quality and way of life. Housing programs should be designed to achieve a local jurisdictions share of housing for all economic ranges. The constraints associated with the development of housing in the city are discussed below. Governmental Constraints - The various governmental constraints that regulate development include: Land Use Controls; (zoning); Growth Management; General Plan Densities; Redevelopment Plan; Open Space requirements; Development Standards; Building, Electrical and Plumbing Codes; Code Enforcement Programs; Offsite Improvements; Circulation Improvements; Fees and Exactions; California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA); Article XXXIV of the California Constitution and; Staffing. Non-Governmental Constraints - The non-governmental constraints, those that are usually beyond the control of the local jurisdiction include: Financing (public and private); Price of Land; Cost of Construction; Environmental Constraints (endangered species, drought and water supply, topography, sensitive habitats, coastal zone, agricultural land/Williamson Act, airport land use plan); Vacant Land Inventory; Energy Conservation in Housing Development. Listed below are the City’s long-term housing goals and short-term objectives, policy positions and action programs which are outlined in the City’s current Housing Element and can be utilized to achieve the long-term goals. The Goals, Objectives, Policies and Programs contain the actions the City of Carlsbad will take, and have taken, to promote housing and shelter opportunities for all segments of the community. There are six Goals in the current Housing Element that are articulated as a general “end condition statement,” which state a desired achievement. The Goals do not contain an action verb as they reflect a final statement of what the City will hope to achieve. How the goal will be South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -1 12- , " achieved is established via the subordinate objectives, policies and, importantly, action The six Goals are discussed below. 1. Preservation - Carlsbad's existing housing stock preserved and rehabilitated with special attention to housing affordable to lower-income households. The objectives to preserve existing housing stock include the following: Condominium Conversion (monitor the conversions of rental apartments to condominiums); Mobile Home Parks (reduce or eliminate the net loss of existing mobile home rental opportunities available to lower and moderate income households and retain and preserve the affordability of mobile home parks); Rental Stock Monitoring (maintain a data base of information on vacancy rates, rental rates and physical condition of the city's existing rental housing stock); Rehabilitation (identi5 and rehabilitate substandard and deteriorating housing); Rehabilitation Subsidies-Rental Stock (provide loan subsidies, loan rebates and other assistance to owners of lower income units in need of repair and rehabilitation); Acquisition and Rehabilitation (acquire deteriorating and substandard rental housing from private owners utilizing various local, state and federal funding sources); Rehabilitation Incentives (provide incentives for the rehabilitation and preservation of deteriorating rental units which house lower income residents); Rehabilitation-Homeowners (provide rehabilitation assistance, loan subsidies and loan rebates for lower-income households, persons of special needs and senior homeowners to preserve and rehabilitate deteriorating homes); Neighborhood Improvement (assist in the creation of a Neighborhood Improvement Program to provide local resident input and participation into neighborhood preservation and improvement programs). The City has implemented several of the above programs during the past nine years and will continue to implement them in next Housing Element cycle. 2. Quantity and Diversity of Housing Stock - New housing developed with a diversity of types, prices, tenures, densities and locations and in sufficient quantity to meet the demand of anticipated City and regional growth. The objectives proposed in the City's current Housing Element to meet this goal include the following: Regional Housing Need (allow development of sufficient new housing to meet Carlsbad's share of the total regional housing need as identified in SANDAGs Regional Housing Needs Statement, 1991-1996); Development Standards (ensure that development and housing construction achieved through the use of modified codes and standards that will reduce the cost of housing will retain quality design and architecture); Developable Acreage 38City of Carlsbad Housing Element, page 95. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -1 13- ” - Monitoring (ensure sufficient developable acreage in all residential densities to provide varied housing types for households in all economic ranges); Adaptive Reuse (provide alternative housing environments by encouraging reuse of older commercial or industrial buildings); Mixed Use (encourage increased integration of housing with non-residential development); Coastal Development Monitoring (identifi, monitor and report the number of affordable housing units constructed, converted and demolished in the coastal zone). As noted above, the City has implemented many of the above programs during the past nine years. These programs are proposed to be continued in the City’s next Housing Element. 3. Groups With Special Needs, Including Low and Moderate Income Households - Sufficient new affordable housing opportunities in all quadrants of the City to meet the needs of groups, with special requirements and in particular the needs of current lower and moderate income households and a fair share proportion of future lower and moderate income households. The objectives proposed by the City in the current Housing Element to reach this goal include: Farm Worker (provide adequate shelter for both the permanent and migrant farm worker); Large Family (assure the development of an adequate number of housing units suitably sized to meet the needs of lower income larger households); Homeless (provide transitional shelters and assistance for the homeless); Senior/Elderly (provide additional senior housing); Lower Income (provide a range of new housing opportunities for lower-income households in all areas of the city); Inclusionary (ensure that all master planned and specific planned communities and all qualified subdivisions provide a range of housing for all economic income ranges); Lower Income Development and Incentives (provide incentives, housing type alternatives, and city initiated developments and programs for the assistance of lower-income households); Growth Management (ensure that incentive programs such as density bonus programs and new development programs are compatible and consistent with the City’s Growth Management Ordinance); Special Housing Needs Priorities (ensure that new development constructed by the private sector and public finds allocated for lower income and special needs groups will meet the City’s lower-income housing needs); Moderate Income (provide a range of new housing opportunities affordable to moderate- income households in all areas of the City); Smaller, More AfTordable Housing (reduce the size of housing thereby reducing costs and increasing affordability); Land Banking (provide adequate land for low income and moderate housing development throughout the city); Community Reinvestment Act (monitor the lending practices local lending institutions for compliance under the Community Reinvestment Act to evaluate lending activities and goals towards meeting the communities credit needs); Housing Trust Fund (the city will create a Housing Trust fund to facilitate the construction and rehabilitation of affordable housing); South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -1 14- Housing Element/Annual Report (ensure that the Housing Element retains its viability and usehlness through annual amendments, review and monitoring). The City implemented an Inclusionary Housing Ordinance in 1993 which has been very beneficial to the production of affordable housing for low income households in Carlsbad. Implementation of this as well as the others noted above will continue under the next Housing Element. 4. Housing, Jobs, Work Force Balance - Maintenance of a high quality of life and a strong local economy through a balance of residential and nonresidential development, in particular, a balance of the skills desired and wages offered by local employers; the skills and education possessed and wages earned by the local work force; and the cost of local housing. The objectives the City proposed to implement under the existing Housing Element to rixch this goal include: Housing Impact Fee (achieve a balance between 1) the numbers of local jobs created relative to the availability of housing, and 2) the cost of housing relative to the wages that are offered); 5. Resource Conservation - New and redeveloped housing which conserves natural resources, in particular energy and water. The objectives the City proposed under the existing Housing Element to implement to reach this goal include: Energy Conservation (promote energy conservation in new housing development); Water Conservation (promote resource conservation including water conservation in new housing development). 6. Open and Fair Housing Opportunities - All Carlsbad housing opportunities (ownership and rental, fair-market and assisted) offered in conformance with open housing policies and fiee of discriminatory practices). The objectives the City proposed under the existing Housing Element to implement to reach this goal include: Fair Housing (disseminate and provide information on fair housing laws and practices to the community). Reaional Housing Needs Assessment The Regional Housing Needs Statement (RHNS) quantifies and analyzes the housing needs for the San Diego region. The purpose of the RHNS is to identi5 the existing and projected housing needs for the region’s local jurisdictions. This information is used by the local jurisdictions to prepare the housing elements of their general plans. Housing elements are updated periodically in South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -1 15- c c accordance with state law. This RHNS will be used by jurisdictions to prepare their July 1, 1999- June 30,2004 housing elements.39 The housing needs in the San Diego region can be described in two categories: the need to produce more housing for all income categories, and the need for more housing affordable to lower income households. To understand these needs in more detail, the RHNS focuses on the region’s housing supply and demand characteri~tics.~~ Housing elements must identifjl each jurisdiction’s share of the regions future need for housing units. To allocate the regional share number for the 1999-2004 housing element cycle by jurisdiction, SANDAG used the 2020 CitiedCounty Forecast allocation process. The SANDAG RHNS indicates41 the City of Carlsbad’s 1991-96 Total Fair Share AfTordable Housing Needs allocation was 6,273 units. The City’s 1991 - 1999 Housing Element Mordable Housing Fair Share Goal was 1,125 units. As of December 3 1, 1999, a total of 604 units of low income affordable housing have been constructed and moved the City towards its goal of 1 , 125 units. As of 1999 the City has not met its goal of affordable housing units. However, substantial progress has been made which is proposed to be continued through implementation of programs outlined within the new Housing Element for the next cycle of 1999-2004. Redevelopment Law Health and Safety Code section 33334.2(a) states “Not less than 20 percent of all taxes which are allocated to the agency pursuant to Section 33670 shall be used by the agency for the purposes of increasing, improving and preserving the community’s supply of low- and moderate-income housing available at affordable housing cost, as defined by Section 50052.5, to persons and families of low or moderate income, as defined in Section 50093, and very low income households, as defined in Section 50105,” unless a specific finding in made annually by resolution. The City of Carlsbad has a program to provide and increase the amount of affordable housing to households with low and moderate incomes. The City has provided 739 units that meet the definition of very low, low and moderate income housing. The 739 units are comprised of the following: 247 units very low, 195 units low, and 297 units moderate). However, currently the city has not met its required number of low and moderate income housing units. ’qegional Housing Needs Statement, San Diego Region, SANDAG, May 1999, page 3. “Ibid, Table 60, page 125. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -1 16- 4.10.2 Project Impact The threshold criteria for determining whether or not the project would have population and/or housing impacts is whether or not the Plan would: 1. Result in non-compliance with population and housing allocations for the region. 2. Displace a large number of people. 3. Create a substantial demand for additional housing. The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly result in any development in the project area. The Plan allows the Commission to collect tax increment from the project area and use the tax increment at their discretion to assist the City of Carlsbad financially with the construction of public improvement projects and/or private development in the project area. Therefore, the Plan would not result directly in the construction or development of any projects that would create new housing, displace a large number of people or impact the City’s population and housing allocations for the region. Indirectly, the Plan would allow the Commission to participate financially in the construction of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan when hnds become available. The Plan would also allow the Commission to participate financially with private developers to either rehabilitate or demolish existing buildings and construct new buildings. Private development projects the Commission could participate includes either residential or commercial development. The Redevelopment Plan does not include any projects that would result in the development of any low and moderate income housing. The projects listed in the Plan include public improvement projects only with no development of low and moderate income housing proposed in the Redevelopment Area. However, the Redevelopment Agency will set aside 20 percent of the tax increment hnds generated by the Project Area to increase the supply of affordable housing within the Carlsbad for low and moderate income households. The adoption and implementation of the Plan is anticipated to encourage new development in the project area. New development could include the demolition of existing residential units in the Ponto area in order for new construction to occur. The demolition of the existing six residential homes would displace the existing residents. By law the Commission would have to assist in the relocation of any residents displaced by actions of the Commission. If the Commission acquires existing residential properties in the Ponto area, the Commission would have to assist the residents to find alternate housing in compliance with redevelopment law. The City of Carlsbad has a relocation plan that would be implemented should the Department participate in a project that requires the demolition of existing residential units. The relocation plan would assist the current residents to find comparable replacement housing. None of the existing residential units in the project area qualie as low and moderate income housing. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -1 17- Therefore, the removal of the existing residential units in the Ponto area would not impact or reduce the inventory of low and moderate income housing in the City. The project area includes several parcels of land in the Ponto area that could be developed with residential uses. Several parcels are designated for Residential Medium-High Density (8-15 dwelling unitslacre) use that if developed could increase the city’s population. It is speculative to determine where people moving into residential units that may be constructed in the project area would move from. In all likelihood people would move from areas both within as well as outside the city. Thus, additional residential development in the project area is anticipated to result in some increase in the city’s population. Future residential development in the project area would be consistent with the general plan. An increase in the number of housing units in the city and the resulting increase in the city’s population has been planned for by SANDAG based on development in compliance with the General Plan. Redevelopment of existing commercial uses and/or construction of new commercial uses in the project area may also result in an increase in the local population. The construction of new commercial uses and/or the rehabilitation of existing commercial uses could indirectly increase the number of city residents. While it is anticipated that most new employees hired by businesses developed within the project area would already live in Carlsbad, there is the likelihood that some employees may live outside the city and would relocate to the city to live closer to their place of employment. While some employees may relocate to the city it is anticipated that most people employed within the project area would commute from their current place of residence. Future population projections for the city are based on the amount of residential land designated for development by the general plan. Since the Plan would not change any existing land use designations, including residential, the Plan would not directly change or impact any population projections or increases due to new and/or redevelopment in the project area. The same is true regarding housing in the city, While some new and/or rehabilitated housing units may be anticipated to be provided in the project area, the increase is not anticipated to significantly impact current housing projections. Future housing and population estimates for the City of Carlsbad are based on current land use designations by the General Plan Land Use Element. Future development within the project area would be based on existing land use designations by the land use element therefore, any increase in residential units has been projected by SANDAG. Therefore, the development of additional residential units in the project area would not significantly impact the City’s population or housing estimates. The Health and Safety Code ($33334.2) requires agencies adopting redevelopment project area after 1976 to set aside at least 20 percent of the tax increment generated from within the project area to increase, preserve and improve the community’s supply of affordable housing for persons of low and moderate income. Therefore, 20 percent of the tax increment revenue collected from the project area throughout the life of the plan must be set aside for use to increase and improve affordable housing. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -1 18- The Commission can use the required housing set aside monies to either construct new housing, preserve or provide housing that meets the needs of persons and families of low and moderate income. The City has a variety of housing programs the Commission could participate to provide additional low and moderate income housing. The set aside money can be used to either construct new residential units or rehabilitate existing units. The money can also be used outside the project area to provide low and moderate income housing as long as the Commission can show a benefit to the project area. The development of additional low and moderate income housing due to adoption and implementation of the Plan would have positive benefits to the community. Since the City has not yet met its requirement for producing additional low and moderate income housing and does not have adequate revenue at this time to develop or assist in the provision of additional needed low and moderate income housing within the community, the opportunity for the Commission to allocate tax increment revenue towards providing more low and moderate income housing would be beneficial to the city. The conversion of existing housing stock to meet the needs of low and moderate income persons or families would not change the number of houses in the city, but could change the number of houses available in a particular price range and to a particular income group. For instance, if the Commission purchases existing houses at market price and converts them to low and moderate income housing there would be a decrease in market rate housing. Construction of new low and moderate income housing units would have environmental effects which could result in environmental impacts. For instance, the development of new units would result in traffic impacts to the area transportation system, increased short and long-term noise levels during construction and due to project generated traffic, increased short and long-term air emissions, have potential grading impacts, increased demand for public services and utilities, etc. Since specific development plans and locations for the construction of new low and moderate income units are not available it is speculative to determine if there would be any significant effects and if so, which environmental disciplines would or would not be impacted. A thorough discussion and evaluation of the potential environmental effects associated with the construction of new low and moderate income residential units would be conducted by the city at the time site specific development plans are submitted for approval. Conclusion The adoption of the Plan could have impacts on existing housing if the Commission purchases existing residential units and demolishes the houses to allow new development. The City has a relocation plan that by law requires the City to assist displaced residents to find replacement housing. Assistance by the City to assist displaced residents in finding replacement housing would reduce significant impacts to those residents. Based on the threshold criteria the adoption of the Plan would not have any significant population or housing impacts. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -1 19- 4.10.3 Mitigation Measures Since no significant housing or population impacts have been identified no mitigation measures are recommended. 4.10.4 Significance After Mitigation No significant population or housing impacts are anticipated with adoption and implementation of the Plan. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR - 120- 4.11 Recreation 4.1 1.1 Environmental Setting c The public park and recreational facilities that currently exist in the project area include Cannon Park, Carlsbad State Beach and the westerly portions of Agua Hedionda and Batiquitos lagoons. Cannon Park, leased by the City from San Diego Gas and Electric, is approximately 1.7 acres in size and includes turf area for multi-use, multi-purpose courts, portable rest rooms, picnic area, play apparatus and off-site parking. Carlsbad State Beach includes most of the beach area fiom Agua Hedionda lagoon south to the southern city limits. Agua Hedionda is a privately owned lagoon. The portion within the project area is not open to the public except for fishing fiom the shore. The City of Carlsbad parkland inventory is composed of three primary park classifications: a. Community Parks b. Special Use Areas C. Special Resource Areas The City defines these park classifications as follows: Community Parks - These are leisure facilities, approximately 20 acres in size. Typically, community parks are designed to serve the recreational needs of several neighborhoods, Community parks generally provide active and passive use amenities, however, they are not limited to the exclusive use of either. Minimum facilities should include: family- oriented picnic areas; group picnic areas; turfed open space areas for free play; multi- purpose play fields (lighted when appropriate); tot lot areas; structures for lectures, meetings, skills, instructions, etc.; buffer areas; and special use facilities such as swimming pools, tennis courts, horseshoes, handball and racquetball courts, bicycle paths, etc. Cannon Park is an example of a community park. The service radius for community park sites is approximately two miles. The primary access orientation is vehicular. It is therefore established that community parks should be located adjacent to a secondary arterial or circulation route of greater hierarchy as defined within the Circulation Element. SPecial Use Areas - These are typically local facilities that contain only one or two activity type uses, either passive or active in nature. They are between one and five acres in size and generally provide the basic widely accepted facilities found in a community park site. Facilities of this type are: swim, tennis or racquetball complexes; meeting halls; athletic complexes; play lots; picnic and interpretive walk areas. Adequate access should be a primary siting criteria utilized in determining the location of a Special Use Area. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -121- c " SDecial Resource Areas - These are local amenities that have either citywide or potential regional significance. The significance is in the quality of the site that makes it unique as either a passive and/or active recreation area. This quality may be of a natural (water, geological, ecological, etc.) historical (architectural, etc.) or a combination thereof. Consequently, the Special Resource Area as defined has a visitor attraction or drawing power to users locally and beyond. The Carlsbad State Beach, Agua Hedionda and Batiquitos lagoons are considered as Special Resource Areas.42 Agua Hedionda and Batiquitos lagoons are also identified as Regional Open Space Parks in addition to their Special Resource Area classification. These lagoons have been identified as Regional Open Space Parks consistent with the recommendations of the San Diego Association of Governments report Regionally Significant Open Space - Definition. Although parks have been identified as part of the regional park system they will continue to fkction pursuant to their primary park classification as identified above. The identification of a city park as a Regional Open Space Park simply denotes that the park is part of the region's park system. A regional park is a major park that may contain any one or combination of such attributes as natural beauty, unique topographic features, historical structures or unusual scenery. Such parks are usually developed for at least two outdoor activities, but the greatest use of the acreage may remain as undeveloped open space. Usually a regional park has at least 200 acres, 50 acres of which are usable. The size may be smaller for unique regional resources. The City's standards for each of the three park classifications are as follows: Community Parks 2.5 acres/1,000 population Special Use Areas .5 acres/1,000 population Special Resource Areas 2.5 acres/l.OOO population Overall Park Acreage Std. 5.5 acres/1,000 population Future Recreational DeveloDment Several areas of the city have been earmarked for future park development and identified in the current park inventory. Although the timing for acquisitions and development depends primarily on the requirements of the Growth Management program as development occurs the City Council ultimately approves the financing methods for acquisition, construction, and ongoing maintenance and operation costs. . Typically, parkland acquisition is provided under the Quimby Ordinance and/or park-in-lieu fees, while development knds are provided by the Public Facilities Fees. Future park acquisition and development projects are, for the most part, identified in the Capital Improvement Program 42City of Carlsbad General Plan, Parks and Recreation Element, page 4-5. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -122- ”.. “ c Budget. However, actual development may be subject to delay based upon demand, the priority established for Public Facility construction and the cost associated with ongoing maintenance and operation. The city has identified one future park project within the project area which is Cannon Lake. Cannon Lake is classified as a Special Use and consists of approximately 6.87 acres. Typically, parkland acquisition is provided under the Quimby Ordinance and/or park-in-lieu fees while development funds are provided by the Public Facilities Fee. Future park acquisition and development projects are, for the most part, identified in the Capital Improvement Program Budget. However, actual development may be subject to delay based upon demand, the priority established for Public Facility construction and the cost associated with ongoing maintenance and operation. Additional finding sources for acquisition, development, maintenance and operation, or rehabilitation may be provided by general obligation bonds, special taxes, state and federal park bond acts, assessment districts or donations.43 The principal authorities for parkland dedication include the Subdivision Map Act and the Quimby Act. “Quimby” provides local government with the authority to place into law an ordinance requiring developers to provide land and/or fees to acquire and develop parks and recreation facilities. Parkland dedication or in-lieu fees, as they relate to Carlsbad, are identified in the Municipal Code (Chapter 20.44). Simply stated, the ordinance requires the dedication of three (3) acres of land for community parks and special uses areas for each 1,000 population. In addition, to this required dedication of three (3) acres for park purposes, an additional City standard not required of the development community identifies 2.5 acres per 1,000 population for special resource areas. As part of the City’s Growth Management Plan, a performance standard for parks was adopted. The park performance standard requires that three (3) acres of Community Park and Special Use Area per 1,000 population within a park district (quadrant) must be scheduled for construction within five years. Special Resource Area acreage does not count towards meeting this performance standard. The program firther requires that this standard be met before any additional development may occur within a park district. The program also enables the City to project and provide accurately for future park demands. Although the Quimby Act itself does not apply to industrial or commercial subdivisions, a local agency is permitted to impose fees’or exactions as a condition of approval of a proposed development provided those fees and exactions do not exceed the estimated reasonable cost of providing the service or facility. Since there is a substantial impact on existing recreation facilities from an increasing industrial employment base a need’to impose and implement a park mitigation fee for industrial development was recognized and created. In November, 1987 the City Council “City of Carlsbad General Plan, Parks and Recreation Element, page 6-7. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -123- adopted its first park mitigation fee for the Zone 5 Local Facilities Management Plan. Additionally, a park mitigation fee was required as park of the Zone 16 and 13 Local Facilities Management Plan. The purpose of the fee is to ensure adequate recreational facilities to accommodate the demand for them by the daily influx of the industrial work force and population as industrial development grows throughout the City. The project area consists of Zones 3,9 and 22, therefore, there are no additional park mitigation fees associated with development in the project area. The City has three goals for park development and two goals for recreation programs. The goals for each are presented below: Parks: 1. A City that provides a diversified, comprehensive park system utilizing contemporary concepts and planning strategies. 2. A City that encourages the development of park and recreational facilities and activities by private industry, the residential development community and specialized user groups to augment existing public facilities. 3. A City with a privatization approach for the development, maintenance andor operation of appropriate City-owned park facilities. Recreation: 1. A City that offers a wide variety of recreational activities and park facilities designed to encourage participation by users of all ages and interest. 2. A City with a financially self-supportive system of recreational facilities and programs. In support of the Park and Recreation goals the Parks and Recreation Element has objectives and implementing policies and action programs to assist the city in meeting the park and recreation goals. Local Coastal Programs Both the Agua Hedionda and Mello I1 LCP's contain policies to preserve, protect and enhance recreational facilities within each program. Both LCP's encourage a wide range of active and passive recreational activities available to the public. Agua Hedionda Land Use Plan The Agua Hedionda Land Use Plan includes several policies that relate specifically to the outer portion of the Agua Hedionda lagoon that is located within the project area. The applicable policies are listed below: South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR - 124- ”. Policy 6.5 The Encina Fishing area on the outer lagoon should be maintained as a public activity area. Policy 6.7 The present recreational uses of the lagoon shall be maintained and where feasible, expanded. The Agua Hedionda Land Use Plan also provides policies for shoreline access within the boundary of the Agua Hedionda LCP. Policies for shoreline access applicable to the project area are listed below. Policy 7.1 Bicycle routes, and accessory facilities such as bike racks, benches, trash containers and drinking fountains shall be installed at the locations indicated on Exhibit I. Policy 7.2 Pedestrian accessways shall be located as shown on Exhibit J. Policy 7.3 All pedestrian trails shall be constructed to a minimum width of 5 feet. Combination bicycldpedestrian trail shall be a minimum 10 feet wide. Policy 7.4 Vertical pedestrian access easements shall be a minimum 10 feet in width. Combination bicycle/pedestrian easements and lateral easements shall be a minimum 25 feet in width. Policy 7.5 Bike route and pedestrian improvements shall be financed according to the following criteria: (1) Routes through established neighborhoods such as Carlsbad Boulevard and Tamarack Avenue shall be financed with City, State or Federal hnds. (2) Routes adjacent to undeveloped properties shall be constructed at the expense of the developer at the time of development, or may be constructed by the city, subject to the availability of fkding. Policy 7.8 All access ways should be designed to enhance recreational use, and should include adequate open spaces for light and air, adequate signing, inviting design and provision of adequate buffer areas and buffer landscaping to minimize conflicts with adjacent private property. All lateral public access easements shall be at least 25 feet in width landward of the mean high tide line, unless infeasible due to extreme topographic limitation. The portion of the easement which is actually developed for access purposes may be less than the complete 25-foot-width7 provided that the developed area is sufficient to reasonably accommodate anticipated access demand. To meet these objectives, the following design criteria shall apply to all structures proposed to be located within 100 feet of any access easement or other public recreational use area: South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR - 125- a) All portions of such structures shall be set back from the point nearest any public use area a distance equivalent to twice the height of the structure above finished grade; and b) New development shall provide landscaping adequate to minimize visual intrusion upon public use areas. Policy 7.9 All public use areas shall be clearly identified through a uniform signing program to be carried out by the City of Carlsbad or as a condition of individual private developments. Signs or other devices on public or private property which might deter use of public access areas shall be prohibited within the Agua Hedionda Plan area. Mello I1 LCP The Mello I1 LCP policies associated with recreation and shoreline access relative to the project area are listed below: Policy 6-2 Regional Parks-If the population of Carlsbad increases in accordance with SANDAG’s projected Series V Population Forecasts, it is estimated that Carlsbad will need to develop a new regional park containing 200 to 300 acres in order to adequately serve the public. A location for a new regional park must, therefore, be established. Consideration should be given to a facility within the Agua Hedionda Specific Plan Area or adjacent lands. The Batiquitos Lagoon area should also be considered. Policy 6-3 Encina Fishing Area-The water related Encina fishing area located adjacent to the San Diego Gas and Electric Company’s Power Plant should be maintained for public use with no fees. Policy 6-4 Additional overnight camping facilities, the main source of lower cost visitor and recreational facilities, are needed throughout the San Diego coastal region. Additional facilities of this kind should be provided in a regional park within the Carlsbad area. This can be accomplished in conjunction with an eventual Batiquitos Park, within the Agua Hedionda Specific Plan area, and/or along with the development of private recreational facilities. Policy 6-5 Approximately 40 acres of additional visitor-serving (hotel-motel and restaurant) uses should be established. Assuming a density of approximately ten hotel- motel rooms per acre, the estimated need of 200 additional rooms can be achieved. Restaurants and other visitor-serving facilities also need to be provided. Suggested locations are the intersections of Interstate 5 with Palomar Airport Road and/or Poinsettia Lane. Not all of this demand needs to be met with land immediately within the coastal zone. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR - 126- " " c Policy 6-7 The possibility of developing the southern portion of Carlsbad State Beach as a small boat launching facility should be pursued to meet this water related need. Policy 6-9 The South Carlsbad State Beach campground should be considered for conversion to a day use beach and upland park if other adequate campground facilities can be developed nearby. Mixed use development (i.e., residential and recreational- commercial) shall be permitted by right on properties fronting Carlsbad Boulevard across from South Carlsbad State Beach . This policy applies only where not in conflict with the agricultural policies of the LCP. Policy 7-2 The Coastal Conservancy and California State Department of Transportation (CALTRANS) have undertaken a comprehensive program designed to provide appropriate signs designating the shore access points. It is recommended that they identifjl the existing access points in the Carlsbad coastal zone, and upon approval of the hture sites of access it is recommended that these also be identified with signs. Policy 7-3 The City will cooperate with the State to ensure that lateral beach acces is protected and enhanced to the maximum degree feasible, and will continue to formalize shoreline prescriptive rights. Irrevocable offers of dedication for lateral access ways between the mean high tide line and the base of the coastal bluffs, and vertical access ways where applicable, shall be required in new development consistent with Section 30212 of the California Coastal Act of 1976. There is evidence of historic public use adjacent to Buena Vista Lagoon. Paths cris-cross the area near the railroad tracks to the ocean shoreline. Development shall provide access and protect such existing access consistent with the needs to protect the habitat. Policy 7-4 An additional access point on the South Carlsbad State Beach shall be provided at about the intersection of Carlsbad Boulevard and Palomar Airport Road. Policy 7-5 There is evidence of poorly-maintained and ill-defined walkways along much of the day use portion of South Carlsbad State Beach. These existing access points shall be improved as part of a State Parks and Recreation Master Plan for the Carlsbad State Beaches. Policy 7-7 It is recommended that the shore area owned by the San Diego Gas and Electric Company (area near the Encina Power Plant) be dedicated to the State of California. This area is already heavily used by beach goers and should be maintained by the State for properly continued use. Policy 7-9 Parking facilities are entirely inadequate in the vicinity of the South Carlsbad State Beach. To remedy this problem, the 20 acre site (APN 210-09-7) located between Carlsbad Boulevard and the railroad at the junction of Palomar Airport Road shall be developed for parking facilities of approximately 1,500 spaces. When this facility South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR - 127- c becomes heavily utilized, jitney service should be initiated between the parking area and designated points along Carlsbad Boulevard. Policy 7-10 Parking standards set forth within the City of Carlsbad Zoning Ordinance are appropriate for the future development of various land uses. Policy 7-1 1 Certain portions of underutilized state beach lands will provide a resource to develop future recreational facilities and beach access points. These shall be developed as part of an overall master plan for the Carlsbad beaches to be accomplished by the State of California Parks and Recreation Department. Policy 7-13 Visual access over more than 80 percent of the Carlsbad coastline is unobstructed because of public ownership. No hture public improvements which would obstruct this visual access shall be permitted. Policy 7-14 It is recommended that vertical access ways to the beach generally be at least ten feet in width. Policy 7- 15 As the demand for day beach use increases and as additional campground facilities are provided within the Carlsbad area, the existing South Carlsbad State Beach campground should be converted to a day use beach. The upland area would serve as an ideal parking and picnicking area with stairway access to the beach below. This designation shall be incorporated within future master planning efforts by the State of California. 4.1 1.2 Project Impact The threshold criteria for determining whether or not the Plan would have recreation impacts is based on whether or not the Plan would: 1. Exceed the City’s park standard of three acres of Community Park or Special Use Area per 1,000 population. The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not result directly in any development in the project area. The Plan allows the Commission to collect tax increment from the project area and use the tax increment at their discretion to assist the City of Carlsbad financially with the construction of public improvement projects and/or private development in the project area. Therefore, the Plan would not result in the construction or development of any projects that would impact existing or proposed recreational facilities in the area. Improvements to Cannon Lake are listed in the Plan as a potential public improvement project in which the Commission could assist the city. While no specific improvements to the lake are known at this time the general intent is to improved the lake as a public amenity for the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR - 128- community. The improvements to Cannon Lake due to financial assistance by the Commission would have positive benefits to the City of Carlsbad. The adoption and implementation of the Plan is anticipated to indirectly encourage redevelopment of existing uses and new development that could increase the demand for recreation facilities. Residential development would have a direct increase in demand for recreational facilities where commercial development would have a minimal demand, if any demand at all. Unlike residential development, commercial projects typically do not generate a demand for recreational facilities, whereas residential uses create a demand for both active and passive recreational facilities. The adoption of the Plan may assist with hnding the Carlsbad Boulevard realignment which will yield excess property that could facilitate.expansion of the Carlsbad State Beach campgrounds and other recreational facilities resulting in beneficial recreational impacts. As required by the Quimby Act all new residential development must either pay fees or dedicate land for development of parkland. For new residential development within the project area the city would collect the developer fee. The city’s current parkland developer fee ranges from $919 to $1,755 per dwelling unit depending on the type of residence and location within the city. Payment of the required parkland fee would mitigate the impact ‘of the project on parkland. All residential development constructed in’the project area would be required to pay fees and/or donate parkland to meet Quimby Act requirements. Local Coastal Programs While no private development projects are included in the Plan it is anticipated that adoption of the Plan would encourage new development within either the Mello I1 and/or Agua Hedionda LCPs. As previously discussed both LCPs have policies to preserve, protect and provide recreational resources and enhance and upgrade existing facilities when possible. The Commission may participate with the private community in the development of new projects in the project area. When the Commission participates with private developers features consistent with the respective coastal plans to provide new or improved public access to coastal resources would have to be part of the approved development plan. Each of the two coastal plans that cover the project area have policies that encourage the city to provide access to coastal resources as much as possible in conjunction with development in the coastal zone. The incorporation of as many amenities as feasible to provide public access to the coastal resources would have positive impacts for the public. Conclusion Based on the threshold criteria the adoption and implementation of the Plan would not result in any significant park or recreational impacts. The payment of the required Quimby Act fees for residential development would allow the City of Carlsbad to provide additional recreational South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR - 129- facilities to meet the increased need for recreational facilities mitigating potential recreational impacts of the project. 4.1 1.3 Mitigation Measures Since no significant recreational impacts have been identified, no mitigation measures are recommended. 4.1 1.4 Unavoidable Adverse Impacts No unavoidable adverse recreational impacts are anticipated with adoption and implementation of the Plan. - South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -130- 4.12. Biology 4.12.1 Environmental Setting While most of the project area is developed there is some vacant open space areas. The open space includes the outer portion of the Agua Hedionda lagoon, a freshwater marsh associated with Encinas Creek near the middle of the project area, the vacant CALTRANS parcel adjacent to and north of the intersection of Palomar Airport Road at Carslbad Boulevard and Cannon Lake. The City of Carlsbad has prepared a Habitat Management Plan of Natural Communities (“Carlsbad HMP”) which is a citywide program that identifies how the City of Carlsbad, in cooperation with federal and state wildlife agencies, can preserve the diversity of habitat and protect sensitive biological resources in the city while allowing for additional development consistent with the General Plan and its Growth Management Plan. c- The overall goal of the Plan is to contribute to regional biodiversity and the viability of rare, unique or sensitive biological resources throughout the City of Carlsbad and the larger region while allowing public and private development to occur consistent with the Carlsbad General Plan and Growth Management Plan. Under the Growth Management Program the City of Carlsbad is divided into 25 Local Facilities Management Zones (LFMZs) for planning purposes. These LFMZs are also usehl for conservation planning purposes. The project area includes LFMZs 1, 3,9, 13 and 22. The mapped vegetation within the city is shown in Exhibit 19. As shown the existing vegetation within the project area includes marsh, estuarine, freshwater and other wetlands associated with Aqua Hedionda lagoon, agriculture, ,riparian scrub, woodland and forest, disturbed vegetation and urbddeveloped land. Based on the existing distribution of vegetation communities and sensitive species in the city Focus Planning Areas PAS) were identified. The FPAs were hrther broken down into HMP cores, linkages and Special Resource Areas (SRAs). The project area includes the westerly portion of Agua Hedionda which is designated as a HMP Core #4 and adjacent to Batiquitos Lagoon which is also designated as HMP Core #8. Core #4 FPA includes Agua Hedionda Lagoon and upland habitats immediately east of the lagoon and totals approximately 1,063 acres. Critical vegetation communities within this Core include saltmarsh, freshwater marsh and riparian scrub. Major areas of coastal sage scrub are also present as are small patches of grassland, southern maritime chaparral, southern mixed chaparral and coastal sage scrubkhaparral. Critical populations of saltmarsh skipper butterfly, light-footed clapper rail, western snowy plover, California least tern and Beldings’s Savannah sparrow occur in the estuarine habitats associated with Agua Hedionda Lagoon. This coastal wetland is also South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -131- "_ j Chaparral Coastal Sage Scrub Eucalyptus Woodland Oak Woodland Marsh,Estuarine, Freshwater and Other Wetlands Agriculture , -- 1 - . Disturbed L<t Urban/Developed L CULBERTSON, ADAMS &ASSOCMTES ,?- PLANNLNG CONSULTANTS Vegetation Map of Carlsbad EXHIBIT 19 critical for American peregrine falcon and California brown pelican. A major population of wart- stemmed ceanothus is associated with southern maritime chaparral east of the lagoon. The critical vegetation communities and areas of coastal sage scrub are present in the eastern portion of the lagoon which is not included in the project area. The portion of Agua Hedionda lagoon within the project area is the extreme western section (outer lagoon) which is basically void of vegetation. The Habitat Management Plan for Natural Communities in the City of Carlsbad provides preserve management goals and guidelines for each of the City’s 25 Local Facilities Management Zones (Zones). These zone-specific goals supplement the general preserve management guidelines which apply generally throughout the city’s preserve system. These zone-specific goals serve to focus overall preserve management based on more site-specific biological conditions by highlighting specific management issues within each zone. A discussion of the goals and guidelines for those zones within the project area are presented below. Zone 1 - Prepare and implement fire management plans to minimize removal of conserved habitats to the extent feasible, given safety concerns. Use fencing and signs, as necessary, to minimize human intrusion in or near nesting, loafing, or roosting areas for HMP species, such as pelicans, terns and rails.44 Zone 3 - No zone-specific preserve management guidelines4’ Zone 9 - Monitor breeding populations of terns, plovers, and sparrows and continue predator control programs where necessary. Use fencing and signs, as necessary, to minimize human intrusion in or near nesting, loafing, or roosting areas for HMP species, such as pelicans, terns and rails.46 Zone 13 - Enhance and restore disturbed habitat areas within biological open space with appropriate natural vegetation. Implement exotic species removal measures, if necessary, to protect habitat values against such invasive species as pampas grass and giant reed. Monitor the California least tern, western snowy plover, Belding’s Savannah sparrow, and least Bell’s vireo %abitat Management Plan for Natural Communities in the City of Carlsbad, April 1999, page F-2 1. 451bid, page 22. %Ibid. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -133- ”. populations, and implement predator control programs and cowbird trapping programs where necessary.47 Zone 22 - Manage vernal pool habitat to minimize adverse edge effects and maintaidenhance water quality of the pools. Stabilize sensitive species populations by removing impacts or potential impacts, including trampling, vehicular traffic, illegal dumping, collecting , and invations of non-native plants. Use fencing and signs to restrict human intrusion and educate the public about vernal pool resources. Implement runoff or erosion control measures on adjacent properties, as necessary, to maintain appropriate amounts of water runoff into pool watersheds, while protecting water quality against potential pollutants. Monitor the status of preserved populations to ensure they remain viable.48 Recently the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service announced a proposal to designate critical habitat for the tidewater goby, an endangered fish found in coastal saltwater lagoons and occasionally in freshwater from Del Norte County south to San Diego County.49 Approximately 60% of this habitat occurs on Camp Pendleton Marine Corps Base. The 2-inch long, greyish-brown fish has lost a significant portion of its habitat over the past 150 years to farming, development, and pollution and has declined throughout its range despite being resilient and tolerating a wide range of water quality conditions. Critical habitat refers to specific geographic areas that are essential for the conservation of a threatened or endangered species and which may require special management considerations. These areas do not necessarily have to be occupied by the species at the time of designation. Agua Hedionda lagoon is under consideration by the Service for re-establishment of the tidewater goby. While the Service has not made a final determination whether or not Agua Hedionda would be designated as critical habit, it is under consideration. 4.12.2 Project Impact The threshold criteria for determining whether or not the Plan would have biological resource impacts is based on whether or not the project would: 1) Reduce the number or restrict the range of rare or endangered plant or animal species. 2) Substantially affect the movement of any resident or migratory fish or wildlife species. 3) Substantially diminish habitat for significant or endangered fish, wildlife, or plant species. 471bid, page 23. 481bid, page 24. 49August 3, 1999 News Release, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Pian Program EIR -134- " 4) Cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-sustaining levels. 5) Eliminate a plant or animal community. The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly result in development in the project area. The Plan allows the Commission to collect tax increment from the project area and use the tax increment at their discretion to assist the City of Carlsbad financially with the construction of public improvement projects'and/or private development in the project area. Therefore, the Plan, if adopted, would not result in the construction or development of any projects that would have any impacts to existing biological resources. Indirectly, the Plan would allow the Commission to participate financially in the construction of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan when finds become available. The Plan would also allow the Commission to participate financially with the private development community to rehabilitate or demolish existing buildings and construct new buildings. Adoption of the Plan would indirectly allow the Commission to participate in the development of projects that could impact biological resources either directly or indirectly. The adoption of the Plan is anticipated to result in the construction of some of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan. The construction of some of the projects, such as the roadway improvement to Carlsbad Boulevard, could result in impacts to existing biological resources that exist within or adjacent to Carlsbad Boulevard. With the exception of Encinas Creek, there are no significant biological resources that would be impacted with the construction of the re-alignment of Carlsbad Boulevard. . The Encinas Creek drainage and associated habitat adjacent to the creek would be disturbed during construction of the re-alignment of Carlsbad Boulevard. The existing habitat associated with Encinas Creek includes ice plant and other non-native and ornamental species and native species consisting of riparian scrub and other natural species associated with a freshwater marsh. Applicable pernits for construction from various public agencies including California Department of Fish and Game, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and Regional Water Quality Control Board - San Diego Region would be required prior to the start of construction of Carlsbad Boulevard. In order to obtain permits from the respective resource agencies such as Fish and Game, U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers the City may have to incorporate measures to protect and/or replace biological resources impacted during construction. The construction activities associated with the re-alignment of Carlsbad Boulevard could also impact other sensitive biological resources adjacent to Carlsbad Boulevard. Batiquitos Lagoon, located adjacent to Carlsbad Boulevard, could be impacted during construction if construction equipment, surface runoff from the construction site, etc. is allowed to enter the lagoon or its environ. Measures to prohibit construction equipment, surface water runoff, etc. from entering the lagoon and its environment would significantly reduce potential impacts to this biological resource. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -135- Improvements to Cannon Lake would also require permits from the respective resource agencies prior to the construction of any improvements. The respective resource agencies would have to issue respective permits depending upon the improvements proposed. Specific environmental effects associated with constniction of the listed public improvement projects can not be adequately evaluated at this time due to the lack of detailed project information. The City of Carlsbad Planning Department would review each public improvement project prior to the start of construction to determine if there would be any potential environmental effects with project construction. If the Planning Department determines a project could have potential biological resource impacts the City would contact the appropriate resource agency and obtain from that agency all permits required by law. The City would be required by law to incorporate the measures into the project required by the resource agency to mitigate any biological resource impacts. Conclusion Based on the threshold criteria, the Plan could indirectly have significant biological resource impacts due to construction of some of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan. Therefore, the Plan could indirectly have significant biological impacts. 4.12.3 Mitigation Measures The following mitigation measure is recommended to reduce potential biological resource impacts. a. The City of Carlsbad Planning Department shall submit proposed improvement plans for Carlsbad Boulevard and Cannon Lake Water Quality Improvements to U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and California Department of Fish and Game prior to start of construction to determine whether or not any permits from the respective resource agencies are required. The City shall obtain all necessary permits from the resource agency’s as required by law prior to the start of construction. 4.12.4 Unavoidable Adverse Impacts No unavoidable adverse biological impacts are anticipated with adoption and implementation of the Plan and incorporation of the recommended mitigation measure. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -136- L 4.13 Cultural Resources 4.13.1 Environmental Setting Throughout the history and prehistory of Carlsbad, there have been periods of settlement, growth, and equilibrium. The city limits of Carlsbad encompass a rich and varied historic and prehistoric heritage. As land is developed and redeveloped, cultural and paleontological resources are at risk. A comprehensive cultural and paleontological resources analysis is provided in Chapter 5.8 of the Final Master Environmental Impact Report for the City of Carlsbad General Plan Update (1 994) which is herein incorporated by reference. The following discussion relies upon existing documentation contained in the Final Master EIR for the General Plan Update and other updated information as noted. ’ ’ Paleontology of Carlsbad The Final Master EIR for the City of Carlsbad General Plan Update (Map 5.8-1) indicates that the proposed Plan area encompasses both Quaternary Age and Tertiary Age deposits which are potentially significant fossil areas. The sandstones and siltstones of the La Jolla Group (Santiago Formation, Del Mar Formation) of the Tertiary Age overlie the Lusardi Formation. This formation is approximately 45 million years old and has produced a large number of vertebrate and invertebrate fossils. Quaternary Age alluvial deposits (Loma Linda Terrace Deposits) have the potential to contain fossiliferous rock from Pleistocene terrace deposits of not more than 2 million years in age. These fossils are also significant. Prehistory of Carlsbad As summarized in the Final Master EIR for the City of Carlsbad General Plan Update, Regional Consultants updated in 1990 the City’s comprehensive record of prehistoric cultural resources through a process of record searching and mapping. At that time 480 discrete site locations were identified. These sites occurring throughout the City represent both the archaic (the San Dieguito Paleo-Indians and the La Jolla-Pauma complex) and the late prehistoric/proto historic (Luiseno and Kumeyaay occupations. The sites range from single isolated features to multi-component settlements indicative of long term and multi-cultural occupation. The Final Master EIR for the City of Carlsbad General Plan Update (Map 5.8-2) indicates that the proposed project area encompasses known archaeologically sensitive areas. Historv of Carlsbad The history of Carlsbad began with Portola’s colonizing expedition of 1769 which named Agua Hedionda (Stinking Water) Lagoon. The history of Carlsbad may be divided into various periods or eras: the HispanidMexican (1 769- 1 846)’ pre-railroadnand boom (1 88 1 - 1 890), no growth (1 890- 19 14)’ expansion (1 9 14- 1932), depression ( 1932- 194 l), expansion and incorporation (1942-present). There are a number of architectural themes present in historic Carlsbad structures South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -137- -. to include: Carpenter Gothic, Craftsman, Mission, Monterey, Neo-Classic, Colonial Revival, Queen Anne Victorian, Spanish Eclectic, and Vernacular (to include CottagedBungalows). Rancho Quiotes is presently the only property on the National Register in the City. An intensive historic survey conducted by Roth and Associates, dated February 18, 1990, was designed to update and augment the findings detailed in the 1980 Regional Historic Preservation Plan by Westec. Through a combination of resource specific evaluation, sample survey, archival research and community input, the numbers, characteristics, conditions, and significance of Carlsbad's historic resources was developed. Three hundred twenty-five (325) properties were identified as important features in the local architectural and historical growth of the community. Cultural Resource Guidelines L The City of Carlsbad has developed guidelines for the treatment of cultural resources. These guidelines were adopted in 1990 and conform with City, State and Federal laws and with the Secretary of the Interior's Standards for Archaeology and Historic Preservation for Planning, Identification, and Evaluation. The guidelines establish a standard of performance for investigations of cultural resources and presents a systematic method of preserving them. These guidelines pertain to cultural resources from the prehistoric through historic periods and are implemented during compliance with the California Environmental Quality Act. For sites identified as important cultural resources according to CEQA criteria, potential adverse impacts must be addressed. Adverse impacts would be significant if the site impacted is important, whether the impacts are direct or indirect. A cultural resource found not to be important based on the results of testing will require no fbrther work beyond the completion of the test report and the acceptance of the test report by the City and discretionary review by members of the Historic Preservation Commission. The Cultural Resource Guidelines identi5 that the preferred method of protecting cultural resources is through preservation, avoidance, or capping and provide for the following mitigation approaches: 1. Planning construction to avoid significant cultural resources. 2. Planning construction so that demolition or alteration of historical structures is not necessary. 3. Incorporating significant'structures into planned development through restoration, rehabilitation, or adaptive reuse in conformance with the Standards of the Secretary of the Interior, when avoidance is not possible. 4. Deeding significant sites into permanent conservation easements. 5. Planning parks, green space, or other open space areas to preserve cultural resources. 6. Capping, or covering archaeological sites with a layer of soil before building tennis courts, parking lots, or similar facilities. Capping is an acceptable alternative when South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -138- the following conditions are met: the covered deposit will not be exposed to extreme compaction; the cover materials are not chemically active; and the site has been recorded and an index of the contents (sample excavation) of the site has been made. If avoidance or protection is not the pursued alternative then a data recovery program must be presented. The data recoveryhesearch design will be subject to review and approval by the Planning Director and the City of Carlsbad Historic Preservation Commission prior to implementation of the program and should meet the criteria for completing a data recovery program contained in the City of Carlsbad Cultural Resource Guidelines. Historic Preservation Commission City Ordinance 9776 was enacted in 1985 establishing an Historic Preservation Commission to advise the City Council, Planning Commission, and Design Review Board “in all matters relating to the identification, protection, retention, and preservation of historic areas and sites within the City.” As part of the environmental review of development projects affecting historic structures, archaeological or paleontological sites, as shown on the adopted historic resources inventory or as identified in the environmental study, the environmental documents shall be referred to the Historic Preservation Commission for review. The Commission may review and comment upon the environmental documents of the referral within the public review time limits established by the California Environmental Quality Act. The duties of the Commission also include providing advise to the City, Council on the following matters: criteria for guidelines to be used in a comprehensive historic survey of properties within the City; the designation of historic landmarks or historic districts; sites and areas to be considered for listing on City’s historic resources inventory; the hiring of staff or consultants to conduct a comprehensive survey of properties within the boundaries of the City to identify historical sites and areas; the adoption of standards to be used by the Commission in reviewing applications for permits to construct, change, alter, modify, remodel, remove, or significantly affect any historic area or site; the purchase of interests in property for purposes of historic preservation; and, participation in and the promotion and dissemination of public information, education and interpretive programs pertaining to historical areas and sites. Carlsbad Municipal Code Carlsbad Municipal Code, Chapter 22.06, considers a cultural resource important when: 1. It exemplifies or reflects special elements of the city’s cultural, social, economic, 2. It is identified with persons or events significant in local, state, or national history; 3. It embodies distinctive characteristics of a style, type, period, or method of political, aesthetic, engineering, or architectural history; construction, is a valuable example of the use of indigenous materials or South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -139- .”_ craftsmanship, or is representative of a notable work of an acclaimed builder, designer or architect; 4. It is an archaeological, paleontological, topographical, ecological, or geographical site which has the potential of yielding information of scientific value; 5. It is a geographically definable area possessing concentration of sites, buildings, structures, improvements, or objects linked historically through location, design, setting, mateiials, workmanship, feeling, and/or association, in which the collective value of the improvements may be greater than the value of each individual improvement. 4.13.2 Project Impacts The threshold criteria for determining potential significant cultural resources impacts associated with the adoption of the proposed Plan is if the Plan would: 1. Disrupt or adversely affect a prehistoric or historic archaeological site or a property of historical or cultural significance to a community or ethnic or social group. the area. 2. Conflict with established recreational, educational, religious, or scientific uses of The adoption and implementation of the Plan would not directly result in development in the project area. The Plan allows the Commission to collect tax increment from the project area and use the tax increment at their discretion to assist the City of Carlsbad financially with the construction of public improvement projects and/or private development in the project area. Therefore, the Plan, if adopted, would not result in the construction or development of any projects that would have any impacts to existing cultural, paleontological or historical resources. Indirectly, the Plan would allow the Commission to participate financially in the construction of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan when hnds become available. The Plan would also allow the Commission to participate financially with the private development community to rehabilitate or demolish existing buildings and construct new buildings. Adoption of the Plan would indirectly allow the Commission to participate in the development of projects that could impact important cultural, paleontological or historic resources present in the project area either directly or indirectly. The adoption of the Plan is anticipated to result in the construction of some of the public improvement projects listed in the Plan. The construction of some of the projects, such as the roadway improvement to Carlsbad Boulevard, could result in impacts to existing cultural, paleontological biological resources that exist within Carlsbad Boulevard. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -140- Paleontological Resources Marine terrace deposits and tertiary sedimentary bedrock that underlies the project area has a medium to high paleontological resource sensitivity. Construction of either public or private projects is not likely to impact fossilerous geologic formations because grading will not likely encounter these formations. However, monitoring for paleontological resources during grading of geologic formations with the potential to yield fossils is recommended to ensure no significant impacts due to grading or construction would occur. Prehistoric Cultural Resources Grading and earthwork required for the construction of public and private development projects could disturb potentially occurring Native American artifacts. The implementation of the adopted Cultural Resource Guidelines into all projects that require grading would preclude significant impacts to any prehistoric cultural resources that may be present. Historic Resources As discussed in Carlsbad Boulevard Realignment Study (Woodward-Clyde, 1998), two bridges located across Encinas Creek on the southbound lanes of Carlsbad Boulevard were built in 1928 and may be historically significant. Further evaluation of the historical bridges is recommended if these structures would be affected by fbture projects. The implementation of the adopted Cultural Resource Guidelines would reduce significant impacts to historic or cultural resources. Conclusion ” The adoption of the Plan would not have any direct cultural, historic or paleontological impacts. Indirectly, however the adoption of the Plan is anticipated to encourage development that could impact cultural or historical resources that may be present in the project area. Incorporation of standard city measures regarding the protection of cultural resources into public and private projects in the project area would reduce impacts. 4.13.3 Mitigation Measures The following mitigation, measures have been brought forward from the implementing policies and action programs of the Open Space and Conservation Element of the General Plan and are recommended: 1. Incorporate the Cultural Resources Guidelines in the environmental review of all public and private development projects assisted by the Commission. 2. Implement the following measures associated with grading and construction of site suspected of containing paleontological resources: South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -141- c __ " Phase 1: Phase 1 shall consist of a qualified paleontologist doing a literature and records search, surface study, subsurface testing if necessary, the recordation of any sites, and a recommendation regarding the need for fbrther work. Phase 2: If it is determined during Phase 1 that fbrther work is necessary, it shall consist of the following: a. A qualified paleontological monitor shall be present at a pregrading conference with the developer, grading contractor, and the environmental review coordinator. The purpose of this meeting would be to consult and coordinate the role of the paleotonologist in the grading of the site. A qualified paleontologist is an individual with adequate knowledge and experience with fossilized remains likely to be present to identify them in the field and is adequately experienced to remove the resources for hrther study. No grading permits shall be issued until the monitoring plan has been approved by the Planning Director. b. A paleontologist or designate shall be present during those relative phases of grading as determined at the pregrading conference. The monitor shall have the authority to temporarily direct, divert or halt grading to allow recovery of fossil remains. At the discretion of the monitor, recovery may include washing and picking of soil samples for micro-vertebrate bone and teeth. The developer shall authorize the deposit of any resources found on the project site in an institution staffed by qualified paleontologists as may be determined by the Planning Director. The contractor shall be aware of the random nature of fossil occurrences and the possibility of a discovery of such scientific and/or educational importance which might warrant a long term salvage operation or preservation. Any conflicts regarding the role of the paleontologist and/or recovery times shall be resolved by the Planning Director. 3. Phase 3: Prior to occupancy of any buildings a paleontological monitoring report shall be submitted to the Planning Director and the Carlsbad Historic Preservation Commission. This report shall describe all the materials recovered and provide a tabulation of the number of hours spent by paleontological monitors on the site. 4.13.4 Significance After Mitigation No significant impacts to cultural resources are anticipated with adoption and implementation of the Plan and incorporation of the recommended mitigation measures. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -142- 5.0 Cumulative Impacts 5.1 Environmental Setting c Section 15 130(a) of the CEQA Guidelines states “an EIR shall discuss cumulative impacts of a project when the project’s incremental effect is cumulatively considerable, as defined in 8 15065(c).” Further, 3 15 130(d) provides that previously approved land use documents such as general plans, specific plans, and local coastal plans may be used in cumulative impact analysis. A pertinent discussion of cumulative impacts contained in one or more previously certified EIRs may be incorporated by reference pursuant to the provisions for tiering and program EIRs. No fbrther cumulative impacts analysis is required when a project is consistent with a general, specific, master or comp,arable programmatic plan where the lead agency determines that the regional or areawide cumulative impacts of the proposed project have already been adequately addressed, as defined in 515 152(e), in a certified EIR for that plan. The 1994 Carlsbad General Plan designates land uses and anticipates development within the city over a period of the next 15 to 20 years. The Final Master Environmental Impact Report for the 1994 General Plan, herein incorporated by reference, projected that buildout of the General Plan will add a maximum of 25,389 dwelling units and add approximately 58,878 persons to the city, as well as realize the development of non-residential properties. The Final Master EIR for the General Plan thoroughly evaluated the cumulative impacts related to the buildout of the designated land uses and analyzed impacts relating to soils and geology, hydrology, air quality, biological resources, populationhousing, land use, circulation, cultural and paleontological resources, noise, health, safety and nuisance factors, aesthetics, utilities and public services, and natural resources. Exhibit 20 illustrates areas of development activity currently taking place in the city and shows the majority of development activity taking place in the central, eastern, and southern portions of the city. Adoption and implementation of the Plan would not change the existing General Plan land use or zoning designations for those properties within the project area because the Pian incorporates the existing City of Carlsbad General Plan by reference. Therefore, the existing land use designations would remain throughout the life of the Plan, or as amended by the City in the future from time to time. The proposed Plan, if adopted, is anticipated to encourage development of projects within the project area to occur sooner than if the Plan is not adopted. In addition to complying with applicable land use and zoning designations, all future projects would have to comply with and be consistent with the various elements of the General Plan as well as all applicable goals and policies of each element of the General Plan. All projects, when submitted to the City of Carlsbad Planning Department for approval would be reviewed for compliance and consistency with the various elements and policies of the General Plan. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Frogram EIR -143- t c c c DEVELOPMENT ACTIVITY -4 $ CULBERTSON, ADAMS &ASSOCIATES PLANNlNG CONSULTANTS c Development Activity Map EXHIBIT 20 " Pursuant to 4 15 13O(d), as the proposed Plan is consistent with the General Plan and accompanying Final Master EIR which has addressed regional and areawide cumulative impacts, no further cumulative impacts analysis is required. However, additional analysis is provided below to discuss the potential cumulative environmental effects anticipated to occur with adoption and implementation of the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan and approval and development of the cumulative projects on each of the environmental disciplines evaluated in this Program EIR. Each environmental discipline is listed with the potential cumulative impacts discussed to the level of detail possible. 5.2 Project Impact Land Use - The development of the cumulative projects would significantly increase the amount of residential and commercial development in the city. Along with increased development there would be associated land use impacts such as increased traffic, noise, air emissions, aesthetics, and demand for public services and utilities. Based on the amount of cumulative development proposed some environmental disciplines would be significantly impacted. The City of Carlsbad has several programddocuments that hture development would have to comply with depending upon the location of the project. Some of the programddocuments include land use element, zoning ordinance, local coastal plans, Growth Management Plan, Beach Overlay Zone, and Airport Master Plan. Conformance of future development with these and other applicable plans would reduce potential land use impacts. Geology/Soils - The cumulative geology/soils impacts could be significant based on a review of existing geotechnical information on file with the City. Many areas of the city are subject to several soils and geotechnical constraints including liquefaction, landslides, lurching, subsidence, etc. As cumulative development continues in the city more people and property would be exposed to the soils and geotechnical constraints resulting in cumulative geology/soils impacts. The city would require the incorporation of measures into all projects to mitigate or correct significant soil or geotechnical constraints that would be associated with future projects. Although measures to correct geotechnical constraints can be incorporated into projects cumulative impacts could exist. HydrologyAVater Quality - Increased surface water runoff and changes to existing drainage patterns would occur with cumulative project construction. The development of vacant open space would not only increase the amount of runoff due to a reduction of permeable open space for water percolation, but existing drainage patterns would also change as a result of grading for building pads, roads, etc. An increase in surface water runoff would impact existing storm drain collection facilities. Since some existing city storm drain facilities are currently inadequate to handle existing surface flow additional surface water due to cumulative projects would significantly impact those facilities South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -145- e currently undersized. As a result, new or upgraded storm drain facilities may be required to adequately handle the additional surface water runoff. Soil erosion would occur during construction of the cumulative projects. Although Storm Water Pollution and Prevention Plans (SWPPP) provide erosion reduction and protection measures some soil erosion would still occur. Increased soil erosion due to wind and water erosion would impact the quality of surface water runoff from project sites during project grading and construction and could be significant depending the efficiency of the erosion prevention measures. Surface water quality impacts would also occur once projects are completed due to typical urban pollutants including fertilizers, pesticides, herbicides, petroleum based products from automobiles, etc. An increase in residential and other urban land uses would increase the amount of these pollutants entering the storm drain system and surface waters having a cumulative impact on water quality. Projects are required to incorporate measures to reduce and minimize pollutants during both project construction and throughout the life of projects. However, even with the incorporation of the measures some pollutants would enter the storm drain system and impact water quality. While each project may only have a small incremental impact on water quality the cumulative impact could be significant. TransportatiodTraffic - Increased traffic due to cumulative project development would significantly impact the existing transportation and circulation system. The City has several roadways and intersections that currently operate at unacceptable levels of service (LOS D and E) that could be fbrther impacted with additional development. In addition, intersections and streets that may not currently operate at unacceptable levels of service could experience an increase in traffic that could result in an unacceptable level of service. While traffic improvements can typically be provided to increase the capacity to an acceptable level, some intersections or roadways may be at their maximum capacity with no room physically for improvements. Therefore, some roads or intersections could be significantly impacted and required to operate at unacceptable levels of service. Based on existing traffic volume data for city roadways it is anticipated that cumulative projects would significantly impact some roadways in the city. Aesthetics - Additional development in the city, particularly in the hillside areas, would result in significant cumulative aesthetic impacts. Development of the hillside areas in the city that are present vacant would be visible throughout the community resulting in significant aesthetic impacts. The aesthetic impact of developing hillsides would vary depending upon the distance residents are from the hillside area and measures incorporated into the projects to reduce potential aesthetic impacts. Residents closest to the hillsides would be more impacted by hillside development than residents located hrther away. Although measures can be incorporated into hillside projects to reduce and minimize aesthetic impacts the cumulative impact could be significant. Additional development throughout the city would reduce open space resulting in cumulative c impacts. While open space associated South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR c with lagoons, parks, sensitive environmental and biological - 146- " L " areas, etc. would be provided throughout the city the development of cumulative projects would significantly reduce the positive benefits of the existing amount of open space in the community. Noise - Cumulative project development would result in both short and long-term noise level impacts. Short-term noise levels would increase during project grading and construction. If there are noise sensitive land uses adjacent to or in the immediate vicinity of the project they could be impacted by construction activity. Cumulative projects would also result in long-term noise impacts. The largest single contributor to noise in the city is vehicular traffic. Additional cumulative development would incrementally increase traffic noise levels along roadways in the city. While existing noise levels along some roadways are not significant the development of cumulative projects could significantly increase noise levels along some of the larger roadways such as arterials. If noise sensitive land uses such as residential exist adjacent to those roadways the increase in noise levels could significant impact the residents. Cumulative traffic would increase the ambient noise levels throughout the city as a whole which could increase to high levels in the more urbanized area of the community. Air Quality - An increase in cumulative traffic would also increase air emissions. Motor vehicles are the single largest generator of air emissions in the city. As traffic levels increase air emissions also increase with subsequent impacts on air quality. The SDAPCD is non attainment for ozone. Additional air emissions due to increased traffic would have significant impacts regarding ozone. Measures to reduce air emissions are incorporated into projects when feasible. However, air emissions would still occur and hrther impact air quality. Cumulative development would have a significant impact on air quality due to an increase in motor vehicle trips and associated air emissions because the district is non attainment for ozone. Public Services - Additional development would increase the demand on public services including police protection, fire protection, water supply, wastewater treatment, schools, etc. Cumulative project development could significantly impact some or all of these services depending upon the ability of the respective departments to meet the increased demand. The City has a Growth Management Plan that requires adequate public services exist before projects can be developed. As a result, the Growth Management Plan mitigates significant public service impacts. Although the Growth Management Plan assures that adequate public services are available for new development the city eventually has to hire additional personnel and/or purchase additional equipment to meet increased service demands. The development of cumulative projects would contribute to cumulative impacts which eventually require the city to improve city services and expand the wastewater treatment plant, drill new water wells, etc. Hazards and Hazardous Materials - Cumulative development of vacant parcels of land that have not been developed in the past is not anticipated to have significant cumulative hazardous impacts. Development of in-fill parcels that were developed in the past could expose people to hazardous materials depending the previous use on the site and whether or not hazardous materials used on South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -147- L the property were released or spilled. Since there are very few known hazardous waste sites in the city it is not anticipated that cumulative project development would result in any significant hazardous material impacts. Population and Housing -Cumulative residential development would increase the city’s population and housing stock. The development of cumulative projects consistent with the city’s general plan land use element would not change or impact fiture population or housing estimates since hture estimates are determined based on build out of the general plan land use element. But cumulative project development could result in the city reaching fiture population and housing projections sooner than anticipated. Recreation - The development of the cumulative projects would increase the demand on existing park and recreational facilities in the city including city parks and the State beach. Increased use of existing facilities increases maintenance of the facilities to keep them in good repair. Additional development also increases demand for new or additional facilities such as youth sports fields, passive as well as active facilities, etc. If new and expanded facilities are not provided in a timely manner the use of existing facilities can be significantly impacted resulting in secondary impacts such as vehicle traffic congestion in the vicinity of existing facilities, increased maintenance and replacement of equipment, etc. Since the city requires the payment of Quimby fees for the development of residential homes the city would have some additional source or revenue to provide additional recreational facilities to meet the increased demand. However, if the fees are not sufficient to allow the city to provide needed facilities in a timely manner existing facilities can be significantly impacted. Biological Resources - The cumulative development of existing vacant open space in the community would incrementally impact biological resources by removing vegetation and habitat that supports wildlife. The cumulative impact could be significant if development removes significant quantities of important and biologically habitat. The Habitat Management Plan for Natural Communities in the City of Carlsbad will protect and preserve habitat in the community that is deemed to be important and significant. The preservation of the areas in the city designated for preservation by the Habitat Management Plan for Natural Communities in the City of Carlsbad would have positive biological resource impacts. The preservation of biological resources determined to be important for both the city and the biological community would reduce the impact of biological resources due to cumulative development. Cultural Resources - There are a number of paleontological, cultural and historical resources in the city that could be significantly impacted due to increased development. Due to its location to the ocean the city has deposits that are potentially significant fossil areas. There are also significant archaeological resources present in the community. Grading and construction activities associated with cumulative project development has the potential to significantly impact these resources. Although the city has measures to protect these resources when discovered impacts to these resources can occur nonetheless. Due to the large number of cumulative projects that exist in the city the potential impacts can be significant. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -148- ” The city also has a number of historical structures that have been determined to be important features in the local architectural and historical growth of the community. Although most of the cumulative projects are proposed for vacant land some existing historical properties could be impacted. The City’s Historic Preservation Commission reviews projects for potential impacts to known historical properties. Significant impacts to historical properties is minimized by the review of projects by the Historic Preservation Commission. c South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR - 149- ” 6.0 Growth-Inducing Impacts Adoption and implementation of the Plan would be growth inducing. The objective of the Plan is to reduce and eliminate blight in the project area and encourage new development. The adoption and implementation of the Plan would encourage and provide both the Commission and the private sector with financial incentives to upgrade and improve properties in the project area that are blighted. Upgrading and improving blighted properties not only includes remodeling and reconstruction, but also demolition andconstruction of new buildings. Through the proposed redevelopment plan there are ways the Commission, in conjunction with property owners and the private sector, can reduce and eliminate existing blight for the good of the.community. The adoption and implementation of the Plan is anticipated to be the impetus to encourage new development in the project area. Therefore, the Plan is considered growth inducing. While the adoption and implementation of the Plan is considered growth inducing, fbture growth within the project area must be consistent with current land use and zoning designations based on the City of Carlsbad General Plan and zoning ordinance, respectively as amended from time to time. Although the removal of blighted buildings and the construction of new buildings in the project area may occur in the future by the private sector acting along without a redevelopment plan, the adoption of the proposed Plan would allow the Commission to participate with the private sector to redevelop the-area sooner than may occur by the private sector acting alone. While the Plan is considered to be growth inducing it would not change the amount of development that can occur in the project area. The proposed Plan would not increase or change the type of development or density that can occur in the project area because all development must be consistent with the general plan. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -1 50- 7.0 Project Alternatives 7.1 No Project c ” ” .- The No Project alternative would preclude the Commission from adopting the South Carlsbad Boulevard Redevelopment Plan eliminating the opportunities and abilities by the Commission to assist with the removal and/or upgrading of blighted properties in the project area. The existing blighted conditions in the project area would in all likelihood remain and continue well into the future without adoption of the Plan and assistance by the Commission. Since existing blighted properties are currently slow to be remodeled and upgraded on their own the trend for the slow improvements of the properties would probably continue into well the future. Any opportunity for the Commission to participate with a property owner, or developer, in the rehabilitation andor demolition of blighted property and development of improved projects would not be available with the No Project alternative. This project alternative would eliminate and prevent the Commission from capturing tax increment generated from the project area over the 45 year life of the Plan. Should the proposed Plan be adopted the tax increment generated from the project area could be used by the Commission to upgrade and improve existing blighted conditions, including the potential to assist the City of Carlsbad in the construction of needed public improvements in the project area. This project alternative would prevent the Commission from receiving tax increment from the project area and using the revenue to remove blight and improve the economic viability of the project area. Without tax increment revenue the Commission would not be able to improve the project area both physically and economically. This No Project alternative would also eliminate the opportunity for the Commission to acquire and assemble property for redevelopment. The proposed Plan would provide the Commission the authority to use eminent domain for up to twelve years from the date of adoption to acquire and assemble property. The No Project alternative would prevent the Commission from acquiring and assembling property necessary for specific projects to move forward, thus eliminating one of the Commission’s key objectives which is to remove and eliminate blight in the project area. The proposed Plan would be in existence for 45 years, or until the year 2045. The No Project alternative would prevent the Commission from having the tools and funding necessary to improve the project area and eliminate and reduce blight during the 45 year period. Existing blighted conditions, lack of adequate public infiastructure, etc. would continue to exist well into the future making it more difficult for the City to upgrade and improve the economic and social climate within the project area. The Commission would collect tax increment from the project area and put at least 20% of the revenue into a fund to provide, preserve and construct low and moderate income housing. Since the city has not presently met its required low and moderate income housing requirements the additional tax increment revenue from the project area could allow the Commission the ability the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -151- opportunity to provide additional revenue to assist the city in meeting its low and moderate income housing requirement. The No Project alternative would prevent the Commission from possibly assisting the city in meeting its low and moderate income housing needs. 7.2 Alternative Financing .. One of the benefits of a redevelopment plan is that it offers the Commission financing opportunities to reduce and eliminate blight in the project area that are not readily available to the city through other financing sources. Without the ability to secure revenue to acquire property and fbnd remodeling and/or new projects, the Commission can not reduce blight and improve the economic viability of the project area. Without redevelopment the City of Carlsbad would have to seek other non-redevelopment sources of financing which can be difficult and time consuming in today’s financing climate. Alternative financing methods the City of Carlsbad would have to find to improve the project area include private funding, selling bonds, obtaining federal and/or state loans, etc. These sources of loans for developing properties in the project area can be difficult to obtain, the source of &nds can be expensive and cost prohibitive and availability can change with the market. While alternative fbnding sources may be available today, the same fbnding sources may not be available many years fiom now when the City or a private developer is ready to begin a project. The adoption of the proposed Plan would provide the Commission more consistent and reliable fbnding sources throughout the life of the Plan due to the financing options available to the Commission that are not available to the City. 7.3 Change The Project Area This project alternative evaluates two alternatives to the proposed project: increasing and decreasing the size of the proposed project area. Each variation of this project alternative is discussed separately below: Increase the Project Area This alternative evaluates the potential impacts associated with increasing the size of the proposed project area. In order to increase the size of the project area additional property would have to meet specific criteria. One such criteria is existing land uses have to meet the definition of blight as defined by the Health and Safety Code. Blight is defined both physically as well as economically as discussed below: Physical blight is generally defined as: 1) buildings in which is it unsafe or unhealthy for persons to live or work. These conditions can be caused by serious building code violations, dilapidation and deterioration, defective design or physical construction, faulty or inadequate utilities or other similar factors; 2) factors that prevent or hinder the economic viable use or capacity of buildings or lots; 3) adjacent or nearby uses that are South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -152- " ".. " c " c c incompatible with each other and which prevent the economic development of those parcels; 4) existence of subdivided lots of irregular form and shapes and inadequate size for proper usehlness and development and are in multiple ownership. Economic blight is defined as: 1) depressed or stagnant property values or impaired investments, including, but not limited to those properties containing hazardous wastes that require the use of Department authority; 2) abnormal high business vacancies, abnormally low lease rates, high turnover rates, abandoned buildings, or excessive vacant lots with an area developed for urban use; 3) lack of necessary commercial facilities that are normally found in neighborhoods, including grocery stores, drugstores and banks; 4) residential overcrowding or an excess of bars, liquor stores or other businesses that cater exclusively to adults; 4) high crime rate that constitutes a serious threat to the public safety and welfare. There may not be other areas in the city that fit the definition of blight that can be incorporated into the proposed project area. Unless additional areas fit the definition, they can not be added to the project area. The area included in the proposed project area fits the definition of blight. Depending upon areas of the city that could be.incorporated into the current project area the environmental impacts associated with redevelopment of the area could be greater than the impacts of the proposed project area. Impacts that could be anticipated include traffic, air quality, noise, increased demand for public services and utilities, etc. which may be greater or less than the impacts associated with the proposed project. At the present time there are no other areas of the city that would qualify and-meet the definition of blight that could be added to the existing project area. Reduced Proiect Area The project area could be reduced in size requiring the removal of some properties presently included in the boundary of the proposed Plan. Existing property that could be removed from the proposed project area includes the Encina power plant, Carlsbad Boulevard or Ponto area. The elimination of the Encina power plant from the project area would prevent the Commission from assisting the private property owner to eliminate blighting influences created by the existing plant. The Commission could not assist the property owner to decommission the existing power plant and build a smaller, more efficient plant which will have enhanced air pollution controls. Also, the Commission could help with other public improvements and/or redevelopment of the site. If this area is removed, the Commission could not provide the assistance required to ensure that the blighting influences in this area are eliminated over time. The elimination of Carlsbad Boulevard would prevent the Commission from assisting the City with the construction of the proposed re-alignment of Carlsbad Boulevard. Completion of the re- alignment of Carlsbad Boulevard would improve traffic flow and circulation along this section of South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -153- c Carlsbad Boulevard. The re-alignment would also increase the amount of open space along the beach area due to the shifting of Carlsbad Boulevard to the east allowing existing right-of-way on the west side of the road to be added to the State Beach. If the Commission is unable to assist the city financially with constructing the re-alignment of Carlsbad Boulevard because it is removed from the project area, it may be many years before the city has the fhds necessary for the construction. As a result the benefits to the city and the general public due to improved traffic flow and additional open space for the beach may be delayed well into the fiture. The elimination of the Ponto area would prevent the Commission from assisting private property owners in this area to eliminate existing blight and redevelop their property. There are blighted properties in the Ponto area the Commission could assist the property owners to redevelop. Removing the Ponto area from the Plan would require the private community to find the fbnds necessary to upgrade and improve the properties on their own. Since the property owners have been unable to fbnd the redevelopment of properties up to this point it is anticipated that without assistance by the Commission the current uses would continue for many years. Several of the residential homes show the lack of routine maintenance and repair and the Commission would not be able to assist the property owners to upgrade their property if the Ponto area is removed from the Plan. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -1 54- 8.0 Any Significant Irreversible Environmental Changes Which Would Be Involved in the Proposed Action Should It Be Implemented The adoption of the proposed Plan would not directly have any significant irreversible environmental changes since no development could occur directly upon Plan adoption. The adoption of the Plan does not allow any development directly, rather the Plan allows the Commission the authority to collect tax increment from the project area. While public improvement projects are listed the Commission is not required to fbnd the construction of those projects. Therefore, the adoption of the Plan would not directly have any significant irreversible environmental changes. In the long-term however, the adoption of the Plan is anticipated to result in changes and improvements to the existing land uses in the project area. The Plan is anticipated to result indirectly in the elimination of existing blight in the project area due to participation by the Commission to upgrade and/or remove existing blighted buildings and infrastructure. The elimination of blighted conditions can be the result of either remodeling and rehabilitating existing buildings or the demolition of existing buildings and construction of new buildings. Eliminating blight also includes constructing needed infrastructure to provide adequate public services for development in the project area. The construction of projects to reduce or eliminate blight can be anticipated to have significant environmental changes. Some of the changes include the demolition of existing buildings and construction of new buildings in their place. The construction of the public improvement projects in the Plan would result in changes such as the re alignment of Carlsbad Boulevard. Although it is speculative at this time due to the unavailability of detailed plans, assistance of the private development by the Commission for new construct would have potential irreversible environmental impacts which could be significant. Potential significant environmental effects that could be associated with projects include traffic, air quality, noise, land use, and public services and utilities. Once a project is submitted, the city would review the project and make a determination in compliance with CEQA whether or not the project could have significant environmental effects. Should the city determine the project could have significant impacts subsequent environmental studies and documentation would be prepared. There is a potential for hture public and private redevelopment projects to have significant environmental impacts. South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -1 55- " 9.0 Effects Found Not To Be Significant Based on completion of an Initial Study and Notice of Preparation the following environmental implementation of the proposed South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan: energy and mineral resources; utilities; and cultural resources. A copy of the completed Initial Study and associated I_ disciplines were identified as not having the potential to be impacted with adoption and "I explanations is included as Appendix A of this document for review. " South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR - 156- 10.0 Organizations and Persons Consulted The following persons and organizations were consulted and contacted during the preparation of this Program EIR: 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. Mr. Walter F. Ekard Chief Administrative Officer County of San Diego 1600 Pacific Highway, #209 San Diego, CA 92101 Mr. David J. Martin Tax Area Services Section State Board of Equalization 450 N Street, MIC 59 Sacramento, CA 94279 Mr. Gregory J. Smith Assessor / Clerk / Recorder County of San Diego 1600 Pacific Highway, # 103 San Diego, CA 92101 Mr. Bill Kelly Chief Financial Officer / Auditor-Controller County of San Diego 1600 Pacific Highway, # 166 San Diego, CA 92 10 1 Mr. Thomas J. Pastuszka Clerk of the Board of Supervisors County of San Diego 1600 Pacific Highway, #402 San Diego, CA 92101 Mr. Bart Hartman Treasurer / Tax Collector County of San Diego 1600 Pacific Highway, ## 1 12 San Diego, CA 92 10 1 South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -1 57- 7. 8. 9. 10. 11. 12. 13. Dr. Doug De Vore Superintendent Encinitas Union School District 101 S. Rancho Santa Fe Road Encinitas, CA 92024 Mr. William Berrier Superintendent San Dieguito Union High School District 7 10 Encinitas Boulevard Encinitas, CA 92024 Ms. Cheryl Ernst Superintendent Carlsbad Unified School District 801 Pine Avenue Carlsbad, CA 92008 Dr. Tim T.L. Dong, Ph.D. President Mira Costa Community College District 1 Barnard Drive Oceanside, CA 92056 Dr. Rudy Castruita, Ph.D. County Superintendent San Diego County Ofice of Education 6401 Linda Vista Road San Diego, CA 92 1 1 1 Mr. Raymond Patchett City Manager City of Carlsbad 1200 Carlsbad Village Drive Carlsbad, CA 92008 Mr. Robert Wardell Chief Financial Officer Tri-City Hospital District 4002 Vista Way Oceanside, CA 92056 South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -1 58- "L - 14. c 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. 21. Mr. Tim Jockem General Manager Leucadia County Water District 1960 La Costa Avenue Carlsbad, CA 92009 Mr. Bob Greaney Deputy Chief of Staff Carlsbad Municipal Water District 5950 El Camino Real Carlsbad, CA 92008 Mr. David McCollom General Manager Olivenhain Municipal Water District 1966 Olivenhain Road Encinitas, CA 92024 Mr. Ronald Gastelum General Manager Metropolitan Water District 7000 N. Alameda Street Los Angeles, CA 90012 State Clearinghouse 1400 Tenth Street Sacramento, CA 95814 Mr. Jerry Backoff City of San Marcos Development Services 1 Civic Center Drive San Marcos, CA 92069 City of Oceanside Planning Department 300 N. Coast Highway Oceanside, CA 92054 City of Vista Community Development Department 600 Eucalyptus Vista, CA 92084 South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -159- 22. 23. 24. 25. 26. 27. 28. County of San Diego Planning Department Dept. Of Planning and Land Use 5201 Rufin Road, Suite B San Diego, CA 92 123 SANDAG 401 B. Street Suite 800 San Diego, CA 92101 San Diego Air Pollution Control District 91 50 Chesapeake Drive San Diego, CA 92123 Mr. David Lloyd Cabrillo Power 1 LLC Symphony Towers 750 B. Street, Suite 2740 San Diego, CA 92 101 Mr. Frank Urtasun Regional Public Affairs Manager San Diego Gas & Electric 8330 Century Park Court C-P33G San Diego, CA 92 123 County of San Diego County .Administration Center Clerk Recorder 1600 Pacific Highway, Suite 260 San Diego, CA 92101 Mr. Jim Bartel U.S. Fish & Wildlife Service Assistant Field Supervisor 2730 Loker Avenue West Carlsbad, CA 92008 South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR - 160- c 29. Ms. Gina Ulbricht Dynegy Power Corp. 1000 Louisiana Street Suite 5800 Houston, TX 77002 30. Mr. Stan Marks NRG Energy, Inc. Symphony Towers 750 “B” Street, Suite 2740 San Diego, CA 92101 3 1. Mr. Jeff Woolson, President Terramar Assoc. P.O. Box 860 Carlsbad, CA 9201 8-0860 32. Mr. Louis Taschner 1533 So. Coast Hwy. Suite D Oceanside, CA 92054 33. Ms. Ruth Villalobos U.S. Army Corps of Engineers Chief of Environmental Services Branch P.O. Box 53271 1 Los Angeles, CA 90053-2325 South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Program EIR -161- " APPENDICES APPENDIX A INITIAL STUDY/NOTICE OF PREPARATION Notice of Preparation To: Address: (Responsible Agency) From: City of Carlsbad Housing and Redevelopment Dept. 2965 Roosevelt, Suite B Carlsbad, CA 92008-2389 Attn: Deborah Fountain Subject: Notice of Preparation of a Draft Environmental Impact Report The City of Carlsbad Housing and Redevelopment Department will be the Lead Agency and will prepare an environmental impact report for the project identified below. We are requesting the views of your agency as to the scope and content of the environmental information which is germane to your agency's statutory responsibilities in connection with the proposed project. Your agency will need to use this EIR when considering your permit or other approval for the project. The project description, location, and the probable environmental effects are contained in the attached materials. A copy of the Initial Study is attached. Due to the time mandated by State law, your response must be sent at the earliest possible date, but not later than 30 days after receipt of this notice, or no later than November 19, 1999. Please send your response to Ms. Deborah Fountain at the address above. We will need the name for a contact person in your agency. Project Title: South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Project Applicant, if any: City of Car Redevelopment Department Date: ro/r.r/fi Title: Director Telephone: (760) 434-281 5 Environmental Checklist Form 1. Project Title: South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan 2. Lead Agency Name and Address: Carlsbad Housing & Redevelopment Department 2965 Roosevelt, Suite B Carlsbad, CA 92008-2389 3. Contact Person and Phone Number: Deborah Fountain 4. Project Location: The Project Area generally includes the area immediately around the Encina power plant and the westerly portion of the Aqua Hedionda Lagoon, south along the Carlsbad Boulevard right-of-way to the southerly city boundary. Exhibit 1 , Vicinity Map, shows the boundary of the Project Area. 5. Project Sponsor’s Name and Address: Carlsbad Housing & Redevelopment Commission 2965 Roosevelt, Suite B Carlsbad, CA 92008-2389 I 6. General Plan Designation: The Carlsbad General Plan designations for the property within the Project Area includes: Open Space (OS); Public Utilities (U); TraveVRecreation Commercial (T-R); Planned Industrial (PI); Residential Medium-High Density (RMH). 7. Zoning: The Carlsbad Zoning Map designations for the Project Area include: Open Space (OS); Public Utility (P-U); Commercial-Tourist Qualified Development Overlay (C-T-Q); Planned Industrial (P-M); Residential Density-Multiple Qualified Development Overlay (RD-M-Q); Residential Mobil Home Park (RMHP); Special Flood Hazard Area. 8. Description of Project: The project includes the adoption of a redevelopment plan to encourage redevelopment within the Project Area. The redevelopment plan is for a period of 45 years with land use controls in effect for 30 years with the remaining 15 years to allow for the collection of tax increment and payment of debt. The Plan will establish the authority for the Carlsbad Housing & Redevelopment Commission to use eminent domain to acquire property for the first twelve years. The Plan includes public improvement projects that can be funded by the Commission including beach replenishment and refurbishment, realignment of Carlsbad Boulevard and interchange improvements, construction of beach and recreational facilities along the Carlsbad Boulevard corridor, etc. 9. Surrounding Land Uses and Setting: The existing land uses surrounding the Project Area generally include the Pacific Ocean on the west, residential units to the north, Interstate 5, vacant land, residential] open space, commercial use, AT&SR railroad tracks and Batiquitos Lagoon on the east and residential land uses to the south. IO. Other public agencies whose approval is required: Both the Redevelopment Commission and City Council must approve the Redevelopment Plan. Environmental Checklist Form - Page 2 of 12 ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS POTENTIALLY AFFECTED: - The environmental factors checked below would be potentially affected by this project, involving at least one impact that is a "Potentially Significant Impact" as indicated by the checklist on the following pages. - E Aesthetics o Agriculture Resources Air Quality I IED Biological Resources IED Cultural Resources IED Geology/Soils 0 Hazards & Hazardous Materials IED HydrologyNVater Quality Land Use/Planning o Mineral Resources Public Services - Noise Recreation Population/Housing E TransportationTTraffic E Utilities/Service Systems IED Mandatory Findings of Significance I DETERMINATION: (To be completed by the Lead Agency.) - On the basis of this initial evaluation: .. - I find that the proposed project COULD NOT have a significant effect on the environment, and a NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared. r- - I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment, there will not be a significant effect in this case because revisions in the project have been made by or agreed to by the project proponent. A MITIGATED NEGATIVE DECLARATION will be prepared. IED I find that the proposed project MAY have a significant effect on the environment, and an - ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required. .- I find that the proposed project MAY have a "potentially significant impact" or "potentially significant unless mitigated" impact on the environment, but at least one effect I) has been adequately analyzed in an earlier document pursuant to applicable legal standards, and 2) . -. has been addressed by mitigation measures based on the earlier analysis as described on attached sheets. An ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT is required, but it must analyze only the effects that remain to be addressed. " I find that although the proposed project could have a significant effect on the environment, because all potentially significant effects (a) have been analyzed adequately in an earlier EIR or NEGATIVE DECLARATION pursuant to applicable standards, and (b) have been avoided or mitigated pursuant to that earlier EIR or NEGATIVE DECLARATION, including revisions or mitigation measures that are imposed upon the proposed project, nothing further is required. . . .~ "_ . . " . 144 Signature ! Environmental Checklist Form - Page 3 of 12 EVALUATION OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS: _- I) A brief explanation is required for all answers except "No Impact" answers that are adequately supported by the information sources a lead agency cites in the parentheses following each question. A "No Impact" answer is adequately supported if the referenced information sources show that the impact simply does not apply to project like the one involved (e.g., the project falls outside a fault rupture zone). A "No -.- Impact" answer should be explained where it is based on project-specific factors as well as general standards (e.g., the project will not expose sensitive receptors to pollutants, based on a project-specific screening analysis). - .- c 2) All answers must take account of the whole.action involved, including off-site as well as on-site, cumulative as well as project-level, indirect as well as direct, and I construction as well as operational impacts. 3) Once the lead agency has determined that a particular physical impact may occur, - then the checklist answers must indicate whether the impact is potentially significant, less than significant with mitigation, or less than significant. "Potentially Significant Impact" is appropriate if there is substantial evidence that an effect may be significant. is made, an EIR is required. ._.- If there are one or more "Potentially Significant Impact" entries when the determination " 4) "Negative Declaration: Less Than Significant With Mitigation Incorporated" applies where the incorporation of mitigation measures has reduced an effect from "Potentially Significant Impact" to a "Less than Significant Impact." The lead agency must describe the mitigation measures, and briefly explain how they reduce the effect to a less than significant level (mitigation measures from Section XVII, "Earlier Analysis," may be cross-referenced). -_._ I 5) Earlier analyses may be used where, pursuant to the tiering, program EIR, or other " CEQA process, an effect has been adequately analyzed in an earlier EIR or negative declaration. Section 15063 (c)(3)(D). In this case, a brief discussion should identify the following: a) Earlier Analysis Used. Identify and state where they are available for review. b) Impacts Adequately Addressed. Identify which effects from the above checklist were within the scope of the adequately analyzed in an earlier document pursuant to applicable legal standards, and state whether such effects were addressed by mitigation measures based on the earlier analysis. c) Mitigation Measures. For effects that are "Less than Significant with Mitigation Measures Incorporated," describe the mitigation measures which were incorporated or refined from the earlier document and the extent to which they address site-specific conditions for the project. 6) Lead agencies are encouraged to incorporate into the checklist references to .. - information sources for potential impacts (e.g., general plans, zoning ordinances). Reference to a previously prepared or outside document should, where appropriate, include a reference to the page or pages where the statement is substantiated. c 7) Supporting Information Sources: A source list should be attached, and other sources Xchcklst Environmental Checklist Form - Page 4 of 12 used or individuals contacted should be cited in the discussion. ”+ 8) This is only a suggested form, and lead agencies are free to use different formats; however, lead agencies should normally address the questions from this checklist that are relevant to a project’s environmental effects in whatever format is selected. - 9) The explanation of each issue should identify: a) the significance criteria or threshold, if any, used to evaluate each question; and b) the mitigation measures identified, if any, to reduce the impact to less than significance Xchcldst Environmental Checklist Form Page 5 of 12 Issues: I. AESTHETICS -Would the project: a) Have a substantial adverse effect on a scenic vista? b) Substantially damage scenic resources, including, but not limited to, trees, rock outcroppings, and historic buildings within a state scenic highway? c) Substantially degrade the existing visual character or quality of the site and its surroundings? d) Create a new source of substantial light or glare which would adversely affect day or nighttime views in the area? II. AGRICULTURE RESOURCES: In determining whether impacts to agricultural resources are significant environmental effects, lead agencies may refer to the California Agricultural Land Evaluation and Site Assessment Model (1997) prepared by the California Dept. Of Conservation as an optional model to use in assessing impacts on agriculture and farmland. Would the project: a) Convert Prime Farmland, Unique Farmland, or Farmland of Statewide Importance (Farmland), as shown on the maps prepared pursuant to the Farmland Mapping and Monitoring Program of the California Resources Agency, to non-agricultural use? b) Conflict with existing zoning for agricultural use, or a Williamson Act contract? c) Involve other changes in the existing environment which, due to their location or nature, could result in conversion of Farmland, to non-agricultural use? Ill. AIR QUALITY - Where available, the significance criteria established by the applicable air quality management or air pollution control district may be relied upon to make the following determinations. Would the project: a) Conflict with or obstruct implementation of the applicable air quality plan? b) Violate any air quality standard or contribute substantially to an existing or projected air quality violation? Potentially Significant Potentially Unless Less Than Significant Mitigation Significant No Impact Incorporation Impact Impact 0 0 0 e4 0 e4 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Environmental Page 6 of 12 Checklist Form Potentially Potentially Unless Significant Significant Mitigation Significanl Less Than No Impact Incorporation Impact Impact c) Result in a cumulatively considerable net increase of 0 Q 0 0 any criteria pollutant for which the project region is non- attainment under an applicable federal or state ambient air quality standard (including releasing emissions which exceed quantitative thresholds for ozone precursors)? d) Expose sensitive receptors to substantial pollutant concentrations? e) Create objectionable odors affecting a substantial number of people? IV. BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES - Would the project: 0 Q 0 0 a) Have a substantial adverse effect, either directly or 0 Q through habitat modifications, on any species identified as a candidate, sensitive, or special status species in local or regional plans, policies, or regulations, or by the California Department of Fish and Game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? b) Have a substantial adverse effect on any riparian habitat 0 Q or other sensitive natural community identified in local or regional plans, policies, regulations or by the California Department of Fish and game or U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service? c) Have a substantial adverse effect on federally protected 0 H wetlands as defined by Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (including, but not limited to, marsh, vernal pool, coastal, etc.) Through direct removal, filling, hydrological interruption, or other means? d) Interfere substantially with the movement of any native 0 0 resident or migratory wildlife corridors, or impede the use of native wildlife nursery sites? e) Conflict with any local policies or ordinances protecting 0 0 biological resources, such as a tree preservation policy or ordinance? 0 0 Q 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 H 0 9 Conflict with the provisions of an adopted Habitat 0 0 Q 0 Conservation Plan, Natural Community Conservation Plan, or other approved local, regional, or state habitat conservation plan? V. CULTURAL RESOURCES -Would the project: a) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance 0 0 0 Q of a historical resource as defined in 915064.53 Xchcklst Environmental Checklist Form Page 7 of 12 Significant Potentially Unless Miigation Signficant Less Than No Incorporation Impact Impact Potentially Significant Impact b) Cause a substantial adverse change in the significance 0 of an archaeological resource pursuant to §15064.5? ep 0 0 c) Directly or indirectly destroy a unique paleontological 0 resource or site or unique geologic feature? ep 0 0 d) Disturb any human remains, including those interred 0 outside of formal cemeteries? 0 0 ep VI. GEOLOGY AND SOILS -Would the project: a) Expose people or structures to potential substantial * adverse effects, including the risk of loss, injury, or death involving: 0 ep 0 i) Rupture of a known earthquake fault, as delineated on the most recent Alquist-Priolo Earthquake Fault Zoning Map issued by the State Geologist for the area or based on other substantial evidence of a known fault? Refer to Division of Mines and Geology Special Publication 42. IXI 0 0 0 ii) Strong seismic ground shaking? 0 iii) Seismic-related ground failure, including liquefaction? 0 iv) Landslides? O b) Result in substantial soil erosion or the loss of topsoil? 0 c) Be located on a geologic unit or soil that is unstable, or 0 that would become unstable as a result of the project, and potentially result in on-or off-site landslide, lateral spreading, subsidence, liquefaction or collapse? d) Be located on expansive soil, as defined in Table 18- 1- 0 B of the Uniform Building Code (1994), creating substantial risks to life or property? 0 0 0 e) Have soils incapable of adequately supporting the use 0 of septic tanks or alternative waste water disposal systems where sewers are not available for the disposal of waste watefl 0 VII. HAZARDS AND HAZARDOUS MATERIALS - Would the project: a) Create a significant hazard to the public or the 0 environment through the routine transport, use, or disposal of hazardous materials? O Xchckls! Environmental Checklist Form Page 8 of 12 b) Create a significant hazard to the public or the environment through reasonably foreseeable upset and accident conditions involving the release of hazardous materials into the environment? c) Emit hazardous emissions or handle hazardous or acutely hazardous materials, substances, or waste within one-quarter mile of an existing or proposed school? d) Be located on a site which is included on a list of hazardous materials sites complied pursuant to Government Code Section 65962.5 and, as a result, would it create a significant hazard to the public or the environment? e) For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not been adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area? 9 For a project within the vicinity of a private airstrip, would the project result in a safety hazard for people residing or working in the project area? g) Impair implementation of or physically interfere with an adopted emergency response plan or emergency evacuation plan? h) Expose people or structures to a significant risk or loss, injury or death involving wildland fires, including where wildlands are adjacent to urbanized areas or where residences are intermixed with wildlands? VIII. HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY - Would the project: a) Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements? b) Substantially deplete groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with groundwater recharge such that there would be a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering of the local groundwater table level (e.g., the production rate of pre-existing nearby wells would drop to a level which would not support existing land uses or planned uses for which permits have been granted? Significant Potenlially Potentially Unless Less Than Significant Mitigation Significant No Impact Incorporation Impact Impact 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 O B o 0 0 0 0 Environmental Checklist Form Page 9 of 12 Potentially Significant Potentially Unless Less Than Significant Miigation Significant No Impact Incorporation Impact Impact c) Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the 0 0 0 site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river, or substantially increase the rate or amount of surface runoff in a manner which would result in flooding on-or off-site? d) Create or contribute runoff water which would exceed 0 0 0 the capacity of existing or planned stormwater drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff? e) Othewise substantially degrade water quality? 9 Place housing within a 100-year flood hazard area as mapped on a federal Flood Hazard Boundary or Flood Insurance Rate Map or other flood hazard delineation map? 0 0 0 0 0 0 g) Place within a 100-year flood hazard area structures 0 0 E3 0 which would impede or redirect flood flows? h) Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, 0 0 0 El injury or death involving flooding, including flooding as a result of the failure of a levee or dam? i) Inundation by seiche, tsunami, or mudflow? 0 0 0 IX. LAND USE AND PLANNING -Would the project: a) Physically divide an established community? b) Conflict with any applicable land use plan, policy, or regulation of an agency with jurisdiction over the project (including, but not limited to the general plan, specific plan, local coastal program, or zoning ordinance) adopted for the purpose of avoiding or mitigating an environmental effect? 0 0 0 0 0 0 El c) Conflict with any applicable habitat conservation plan or 0 0 0 E3 natural community conservation plan? X. MINERAL RESOURCES -Would the project? a) Result in the loss of availability of a known mineral 0 o m 0 resource that would be of value to the region and the residents of the state? b) Result in the loss of availability of a locally-important 0 0 E3 0 mineral resource recovery site delineated on a local general plan, specific plan or other land use plan? XI. NOISE - Would the project result in: Xchcklst Environmental Checklist Form Page 10 of 12 a) Exposure of persons to or generation of noise levels in excess of standards established in the local general plan or noise ordinance, or applicable standards of other agencies? b) Exposure of persons to or generation of excessive groundborne vibration or groundborne noise levels? c) A substantial permanent increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing without the project? d) A substantial temporary or periodic increase in ambient noise levels in the project vicinity above levels existing without the project? e) For a project located within an airport land use plan or, where such a plan has not bee adopted, within two miles of a public airport or public use airport, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels? 9 For a project within the vicinity of a private airstrip, would the project expose people residing or working in the project area to excessive noise levels? XII. POPULATION AND HOUSING -Would the project: a) Induce substantial population growth in an area, either directly (for example, by proposing new homes and businesses) or indirectly (for example, through extension of roads or other infrastructure)? b) Displace substantial numbers of existing housing, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? c) Displace substantial numbers of people, necessitating the construction of replacement housing elsewhere? XIII. PUBLIC SERVICES a) Would the project result in substantial adverse physical impacts associated with the provision of new or physically altered governmental facilities, need for new or physically altered governmental facility, the construction of which could cause significant environmental impacts, in order to maintain acceptable service ratios, response times or other performance objectives for any of the public services: Potentially Significant Potentially Unless Less Than Significant Mitigation Significant No Impact incorporation Impact Impact 0 IXI 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 < 0 E3 E3 0 0 IXI 0 ep Fire protection? 0 0 Environmental Checklist Form Page 11 of 12 Police protection? Schools? Parks? Other public facilities? XIV. RECREATION a) Would the project increase the use of existing neighborhood and regional parks or other recreational facilities such that substantial physical deterioration of the facility would occur or be accelerated? Potentially Significant Potentially Unless Less Than Significant Mitigation Significant No Impact Incorporation Impact Impact 0 o w 0 0 o w 0 0 0 p9 0 0 0 p9 0 0 o b) Does the project include recreational facilities or require 0 0 the construction or expansion of recreational facilities which might have an adverse physical effect on the environment? XV. TRANSPORTATlONflRAFFIC - Would the project? a) Cause an increase in traffic which is substantial in O w relation to the existing traffic load and capacity of the street system (i.e., result in a substantial increase in either the number of vehicle trips, the volume to capacity ratio on roads, or congestion at intersections)? b) Exceed, either individually or cumulatively, a level Of service standard established by the county congestion /management agency for designated roads or highways? 0 c) Result in a change in air traffic patterns, including dither 0 w an increase in traffic levels or a change in location thdt results in substantial safety risks? d) Substantially increase hazards due to a design feafure 0 0 (e.g., sharp curves or dangerous intersections) or incompatible uses (e.g., farm equipment)? e) Result in inadequate emergency access? 0 0 9 Result in inadequate parking capacity? I 0 0 g) Conflict with adopted policies, plans, or programs ~ 0 0 supporting alternative transportation (e.g., bus turnouts, bicycle racks)? XVI. UTILITIES AND SERVICE SYSTEMS - Wduld the project: w 0 o w 0 0 o 0 0 0 w 0 o w 0 0 ” Environmental Checklist Form Page 12 of 12 a) Exceed wastewater treatment requirements of the applicable Regional Water Quality Control Board? b) Require or result in the construction of new water or wastewater treatment facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental effects? Potentially Significant Significant Mitigation Significant Potential& Unless Less Than No impact Incorporation Impact impact 0 0 0 0 0 c) Require or result in the construction of new storm water 0 drainage facilities or expansion of existing facilities, the construction of which could cause significant environmental effects? d) Have sufficient water supplies available to serve the project from existing entitlements and resources, or are new or expanded entitlements needed? e31 0 0 0 0 0 0 e) Result in a determination by the wastewater treatment 0 0 provider which serves or may serve the project that it has adequate capacity to serve the project’s projected demand in addition to the provider‘s existing commitments? 9 Be served by a landfill with sufficient permitted capacity 0 0 to accommodate the project’s solid waste disposal needs? g) Comply with federal, state, and local statutes and 0 0 regulations related to solid waste? XVII. MANDATORY FINDINGS OF SIGNIFICANCE a) Does the project have the potential to degrade the 0 quality of the environment, substantially reduce the habitat of a fish or wildlife species, cause a fish or wildlife population to drop below self-sustaining levels, threaten to eliminate a plant or animal community, reduce the number or restrict the range of a rare or endangered plant or animal or eliminate important examples of the major periods of California history or prehistory? 0 0 0 0 o b) Does the project have impacts that are individually limited, but cumulatively considerable? (“Cumulatively considerable” means that the incremental effects of a project are considerable when viewed in connection with the effects of past projects, the effects of other current projects, and the effects of probable future project)? o rn 0 0 c) Does the project have environmental effects which will 0 cause substantial adverse effects on human beings, either directly or indirectly? 0 0 ” DISCUSSION OF ENVIRONMENTAL EVALUATION The potential environmental impacts of the project associated with the topics listed in the Environmental Checklist Form are discussed below. The environmental topics are listed in the same order as in the checklist. Provided below is a brief discussion and explanation of the potential environmental effects associated with development of the project on each specific topic. I. Aesthetics (a-d) The Project Area is impacted with blighted conditions including underutilized parcels, buildings that need upgrades and repair to meet current building codes, roads that need repair including curbs, gutters, and re-alignment, landscape improvements, etc. The intent of the proposed Redevelopment Plan is to encourage new development to reduce and eliminate existing blight. The adoption and implementation of the proposed Redevelopment Plan is proposed to have positive aesthetic benefits by eliminating blight, thus improving the aesthetics of the Project Area. Indirectly, however, some new development could have individual aesthetic impacts depending upon the design of the specific project, its location and whether or not it blocks distant and/or scenic views, etc. Therefore, the remodeling of existing buildings or demolition of existing blighted buildings and construction of new buildings could indirectly result in project specific aesthetic impacts. New development and/or remodeling of existing buildings would also produce new sources of light and glare which could impact light sensitive uses in the Project Area. Although new development could have positive aesthetic impacts by eliminating blight, construction of new buildings or upgrades to existing structures could have secondary aesthetic impacts due to increased light and glare. The City of Carlsbad has Scenic Corridor Guidelines that identlfy roadways and transportation routes that are designated scenic corridors. As such the Guidelines suggest methods to preserve and enhance the character of those corridors. Portions of several designated scenic corridors are located within the Project Area. They include Carlsbad Boulevard and Palomar Airport Road ( Community Theme Corridor), Cannon Road and Poinsettia Lane (Community Corridors) and the AT&SF railroad tracks (Railroad Corridor). Development within the Project Area could also impact public views of Aqua Hedionda lagoon, Batiquitos lagoon, Pacific Ocean and other public viewsheds. The Project Area is located within the Local Coastal Program (LCP), including the Mello II segment. Future development within the Project Area will have to comply with the scenic and visual resource policies of the LCP. -1- - _. . .... r- c Future development in the Project Area will have to meet and comply with the various planning guidelines and policies applicable to aesthetics and design criteria. The Program EIR will evaluate the relationship of the City’s visual and scenic development standards to fbture development in the Project Area and how new development will have to comply with the various city approved planning and design documents. Agricultural Resources (a-c) While there is land within the Project Area that is currently in agricultural production, the land is designated as TraveVRecreation Commercial by the General Plan and zoned Public Utility. In addition, none of the property in the Project Area is under a Williamson Act contract. The adoption and implementation of the proposed Plan will not have any significant agricultural resource impacts. Air Quality (a-e) The adoption and implementation of the Redevelopment Plan will indirectly encourage new development within the Project Area. New development is anticipated to include remodeling and upgrades to existing buildings as well as new construction. In either case, there will be short-term air emission impacts associated with construction activities. The short-term air emissions will include exhaust emissions from the operation of motorized construction equipment, dust particles during grading and construction, vehicle air emissions by workers commuting to construction sites, etc. While the air emissions will be short-term and occur only during construction, the potential impacts could be significant. Long-term air emissions include automobile exhaust emissions due to workers and customers driving to and from new businesses, truck emissions associated with deliveries, etc. Depending upon the type of new development anticipated to occur in the Project Area, the amount of traffic, etc. additional development may or may not result in significant long-term air quality impacts. While air emission reduction measures can be incorporated into projects to reduce both short and long-term air emissions, projects may still have significant air quality impacts. Potential air quality impacts associated with new development in the Project Area will be discussed in the Program EIR and feasible mitigation measures will be listed accordingly when required to reduce potential air quality impacts. Biological Resources (a-f) The Project Area is highly urbanized. Although there are some vacant parcels present most of the property has either been disturbed or developed. Based on a review of Map 5.4-1 of the Carlsbad General Plan there is an area of land designated as Disturbed Habitat in the Project Area west of Carlsbad Boulevard at Palomar Airport Road. Review of Map -2- 5.4-2 indicates there are no sensitive plants or animals in the Project Area. Two lagoons are located within or adjacent to the Project Area. The Agua Hedionda lagoon is located within the extreme northern section of the Project Area and Batiquitos lagoon is located adjacent to the southern project boundary. Future development adjacent to these lagoons could impact the biota associated with each lagoon due to urban runoff and pollutants entering the lagoons. Development activity in the vicinity of the Agua Hedionda and Batiquitos lagoons will be evaluated and discussed in the EIR regarding potential biological resource impacts that could occur with implementation of the Plan. V. Cultural Resources (a-d) Based on the review of Maps 5.8- 1 and 5.8-2 in the General Plan Final EIR there are several areas within the Project Area that are identified as “Potentially Significant Fossil Areas” and “Known Archaeological Sensitive” areas, respectively. The construction of redevelopment sponsored projects in the Project Area could have significant impacts to paleontological and/or archaeological artifacts, if present. The City of Carlsbad has developed guidelines for the treatment of cultural resources. The guidelines were adopted in 1990 and conform with City, State and Federal laws and with the Secretary of the Interior’s Standards for Archaeology and Historic Preservation for Planning, Identification and Evaluation. Any paleontological and/or archaeological resources discovered during grading or construction will be preserved in compliance with the City’s adopted guidelines. There are no known buildings in the Project Area that are either listed as historical buildings or candidates as historical buildings. The City of Carlsbad Local Coastal Program also acknowledges the presence of historical structures in the city and the importance to protect historic properties, some of which have the potential to meet criteria for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places. The Local Coastal Program encourages the City, in conjunction with individual property owners of historically significant structures, to determine which local and federal programs are applicable and take advantage of them as appropriate. However, there are no known historical buildings in the Project Area. Based upon a review of existing information fbture development in the Project Area could have a significant impact on existing paleontological and archaeological resources. VI. Geology (a-j) Seismic Hazards -3- " Presently there are no active or potentially active faults known to exist within the City and there are no Alquist Priolo Special Study zones. However, based on a review of Map 5.1- 4 in the Final Master EIR for the Carlsbad General Plan Update there are two known inactive faults in the Project Area. There are faults in southern California that have the potential to impact development in the Project Area depending upon the distance of the fault from the City, size of the earthquake and local geologic conditions. There are limited areas in the City which are considered potentially subject to liquefaction, including the areas in and around Aqua Hedionda and Batiquitos lagoons and the beach. Portions of the Project Area are subject to liquefaction which could impact development. Tsunami and Seiche Seiches could occur in the Carlsbad lagoons, although they probably would not affect areas 5 to 10 feet above the water level. A review of Map 5.10.1-2 of the Final Master EIR for the City of Carlsbad General Plan Update indicates portions of the Project Area are subject to tsunamis or seiches. Future development in the Project Area either along the coast or adjacent to Aqua Hedionda lagoon, therefore, could be impacted by increases in water levels associated with a tsunami or seiche. Lurch Cracking The area around Aqua Hedionda lagoon and along the beaches within the Project Area are subject to lurch cracking. Lateral Spreading The areas within the Project Area in and around the Aqua Hedionda lagoon and along the beaches are subject to lateral spreading. Future redevelopment projects could be impacted by lateral spreading during an earthquake. Local Subsidence " Areas within the Project Area in and around the Aqua Hedionda lagoon and along the beaches are subject to local subsidence. Future redevelopment projects could be impacted by subsidence during an earthquake. Landslides There are no steep hillside areas within the Project Area. Therefore, there are no potential significant landslide impacts associated with new development. Structural Damage -4- Structural damage is caused by the transmission of earthquake vibrations from the ground into the structures. The potential for structural damage due to ground vibration in the city is greatest in areas underlain by deep, soft, saturated alluvial soils and least in areas of hard bedrock. The soil in the Project Area generally includes Marina Chesterton based on Map 5.1-2 of Final Master EIR for the City of Carlsbad General Plan Update. Future development in the Project Area could be subject to structural damage due to earthquakes in the region. Regional Subsidence and Uplift Regional subsidence and uplift during an earthquake are caused by differential vertical movement along an active fault. This phenomenon is not considered to be a hazard in the City of Carlsbad. Therefore, future development in the Project Area is not anticipated to be significantly impacted by regional subsidence and uplift. VU. Hazards and Hazardous Materials: (a-d) The Project Area is subject to three hazardous material issues. One, the area around the Encina power plant is subject to electromagnetic fields (EMF) associated with the high- voltage transmission lines extending east from the power plant. While there has been a great deal of scientific discussion regarding EMFs it has not been conclusively established whether or not EMF’S are hdl to human health. Two, service stations within the Project Area have the potential for leaking gasoline into the soil either through underground storage tanks or a spill during filling from tanker trucks. Third, oil spills could occur along the coastline associated with oil deliveries by tankers for the Encina Power Plant. Although spills from oil deliveries and leaking gasoline storage tanks are remote the potential for such hazardous spills does exist. And while there is a small portion of the Project Area adjacent to the existing high-voltage lines extending east from the power plant fbture development adjacent to or in close proximity to the power lines is not anticipated to have significant impacts. Although fbture development within the Project Area could be impacted by hazardous spills the likelihood is remote and future development is not anticipated to be significantly impacted. Vm. Hydrology and Water Quality: (a-f) The Project Area is subject to potential flood hazards along the coastline as well as major drainage basins. The 100 year flood boundaries of the city are presented in Map 5.10.1-1 of the Final Master EIR for the City of Carlsbad General Plan Update. Based on this map there are a few locations in the Project Area subject to a flooding by a 100 year storm. Development within the Project Area that is located within areas subject to a 100-year -5- flood will require special protection and special project review. ” ” As shown on Map 5.10.1-2 of the Final Master EIR for the City of Carlsbad General Plan Update there are two dams and a water reservoir in the City of Carlsbad. However, none of the Project Area is subject to flooding associated with the failure of a dam or water reservoir. Future development in the Project Area could impact existing flood control facilities due to increased surface water runoff. Depending upon the amount of additional runoff due to new development existing storm drain facilities could be impacted and require upgrades or improvements. New construction could change existing surface water flow patterns and the amount of water discharged from the Project Area. As a result erosion impacts could occur during and after construction if proper erosion control measures are not incorporated into projects. While an increase in surface water runoff could occur is not anticipated the increased runoff will alter or change the course of a stream or river. The quality of runoff from fbture projects could impact the quality of local water bodies. The use of fertilizers and other pollutants typically associated with urban development, such as oil and grease from parked automobiles, could enter local watercourses and lagoons resulting in impacts to the quality of runoff generated from the Project Area. Runoff from fbture development in the Project Area could have waste discharge impacts. Measures will be suggested in the EIR to reduce potential water quality impacts. Increased development in the Project Area is not anticipated to substantially deplete groundwater supplies or interfere with groundwater recharge. The majority of the city’s water supply is imported, therefore, a minimal amount of the city’s water source is obtained locally. While additional development will require additional quantities of water that quantity will be met Iargely by imported sources minimizing the impact on local supplies. There are no aspects of the Plan that would significantly reduce or impact existing on-going groundwater recharge methods in the region. Vm. Land Use and Planning (a-c) Land use designations for the Project Area as designated by the City of Carlsbad General Plan land use map include Open Space (OS), TraveVRecreation Commercial (T-R), Planned Industrial @I), Public Utilities 0, Medium-High Density Residential(R”H) and Special Resource Area. The proposed Redevelopment Plan will adopt the existing City of Carlsbad General Plan to guide fbture development in the Project Area. Future development must be consistent with the City’s land use map, as amended from time to time. No changes to the existing land use designations for the Project Area as currently designated by the General Plan are proposed specifically as part of this project. -6- " " " c Ix. X. While the City of Carlsbad General Plan will guide fbture development within the Project Areas, the adoption and implementation of the proposed Redevelopment Plan may encourage development earlier than without the Plan. Therefore, some land use effects associated with new development such as increased traffic, noise, air emissions, aesthetics, etc. could occur sooner than anticipated due to the adoption and implementation of the Plan. The project does not propose uses that would physically divide any established communities. The Plan will implement the current General Plan adopted by the City. There will not be any conflicts with any applicable habitat conservation plans or natural community conservation plans since there are none within the Project Area. Mineral Resources (a-c) A review of Map 5.13-1 of the Final Master EIR for the City of Carlsbad General Plan Update indicates that while there are mineral and oil resources in the Project Area, they are no longer being extracted. As shown on the map there is one abandoned oil well and an abandoned gravel pit within the Project Area. Based on the General Plan Carlsbad does not have economically significant mineral resources. Therefore, the abandoned oil and mineral resources in the Project Area will not be impacted by fbture development. Noise: (a-c) The Project Area is subject to noise levels in excess of 60 dB as shown in Map 5.9-2 of the Final Master EIR for the City of Carlsbad General Plan Update. The primary noise source is traffic, however, train and aircraft noise also contribute to background noise levels. A portion of the Project Area is subject to aircraft noise from McClellan-Palomar Airport. Map 5.9-1 of the Final Master EIR for the City of Carlsbad General Plan Update shows a portion of the Project Area within the 60-65 CNEL noise contour of the airport. The Program EIR for the Plan will evaluate whether or not noise from operations at the airport would impact fbture development in the Project Area. The adoption and implementation of the proposed Plan will encourage new development increasing both short and long term noise levels in the Project Area. The short-term noise level impacts will be associated with project construction and the operation of construction equipment. Short-term construction noise levels could impact noise sensitive land uses located adjacent to or in the immediate vicinity of the construction. Development in the Project Area will also result in long-term noise impacts due to increased traffic. Long-term traffic noise can impact noise sensitive residential land uses. The daily operation of new development and businesses including on-site mechanical equipment, air conditioners, exhaust fans, forkliis, etc. can have noise impacts to noise sensitive land uses depending upon the type of business, distance to noise sensitive land c " " uses, etc. Because fbture development in the Project Area will be consistent with the general plan, it is not anticipated that fbture noise levels within the Project Area will increase beyond those fbture noise levels shown in Map 5.9-3 of the Final Master EIR for the City of Carlsbad General Plan Update and impact area land uses. However, there could be localized noise impacts to noise sensitive land uses adjacent to specific construction projects. The EIR will discuss potential short and long-term noise impacts that can be expected to occur with development that is likely to occur in the Project Area based on the types of land uses allowed by the general plan. When significant noise impacts are identified, measures to mitigate noise impacts to City standards will be provided in the EIR. XI. Population and Housing (a-d) The Project Area does not include any existing residential development. There are some isolated residential units (3-4) located in the Ponto area portion of the Project Area. Redevelopment of the Ponto area will eliminate the small number of residences located there. c L. " c The EIR will discuss and evaluate the potential impacts of the adoption and implementation of the proposed Plan on the existing housing stock in the city. More specifically, the EIR will discuss how adoption and implementation of the Plan will assist the City in implementing the housing element of the General Plan towards providing a variety of housing types and improving the jobs-to-housing balance in the community. The EIR will also address the City's Growth Management Program and how new development in the Project Area due to the Plan may impact or help housing in the city. XIT. Public Services (a) The adoption and implementation of the Plan will encourage new development within the Project Area. While fbture development must be consistent with the General Plan there will be an increased need for public services associated with the new development. Additional public services to meet increased demands are provided by the City's Growth Management Plan. The Growth Management Plan collects developer fees to fbnd additional public services as needed. Future development in the Project Area will be required to pay fees accordingly to find needed public services as new development occurs. XIII. Recreation: (a-b) The Project Area has a variety of recreational facilities. The main recreational facility in the Project Area is the beach. In addition, Cannon Park, located at the northeast corner of -8- .. - Cannon Road and Carlsbad Boulevard, is within the Project Area and considered a Special Use Area. Special Use Areas are one to five acres in size, contain only one or two activity type uses and either active or passive uses. Cannon Park is approximately 1.7 acres in size and includes passive uses such as a picnic area, play apparatus, multi-purpose courts, restrooms, multi-use turf area and off-site parking. Additional development in the Project Area could increase the demand and use of the existing recreational facilities in the Project Area as well as throughout the community. Increased demand for existing parks and recreation facilities could impact the existing facilities depending upon the density and type of new development in the Project Area. The City’s Growth Management Plan collects developer fees which are used to provide additional park and recreational facilities in the community. Enforcement of the Quimby Act and the Planned Community Zone as well also ensure the timely construction of parks when needed. The EIR will discuss potential impacts that could occur to park and recreational facilities in both the Project Area and the community as a whole with adoption and implementation of the proposed Redevelopment Plan. XIV. TransportationlTrafc (a-g) The adoption and implementation of the proposed Redevelopment Plan will encourage new development. New development could, depending if it is new or replacement construction, generate a net increase in traffic to the area roadway system. Additional traffic could impact the existing circulation system serving the Project Area depending upon the amount of traffic generated and the ability of the existing circulation system to handle the increased traffic. New development could also impact existing parking in the Project Area. The EIR will address in general terms the potential traffic and parking impacts that could be expected with future development within the Project Area and provide mitigation measures when potential significant traffic impacts are identified. Based on information in the Final Master EIR for the City of Carlsbad General Plan Update there are four intersections in the Project Area that are projected to operate at an unacceptable level of service &OS) in the year 2010. Unacceptable level of service is less than LOS C during the non-peak hour and less than LOS D during the peak hour. Additional traffic generated by new development in the Project Area could hrther impact the level of service of these and other intersections. Future development in the Project Area could also impact existing bicycle lanes, bus routes and truck routes. The Program EIR will discuss and evaluate impacts the proposed Redevelopment Plan could have on these transportation facilities. XV. Utilities and Service Systems (a-g) Traditional energy needed for new development anticipated to occur within the Project -9- Area includes electricity and natural gas. San Diego Gas and Electric provides natural gas and electricity to the City of Carlsbad. While hture development will consume additional quantities of natural gas and electricity, it is not anticipated that development will have any significant impacts on energy resources. c Water for the Project Area is provided by the Carlsbad Municipal Water District. New development will also consume additional quantities of water. Development within the Project Area is assured through the Growth Management Program’s Citywide Facilities and Improvement Plan. The Plan requires the developers provide adequate public facilities concurrent with development. The Project Area is provided wastewater treatment by the Carlsbad Sewer Service District. Wastewater collected in the Project Area is treated at the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility which is a regional wastewater treatment plant. While fbture development in the Project Area is planned for by the General Plan and expansion of the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility is anticipated, development in the Project Area could occur sooner with adoption of the Plan requiring the need to upgrade and expand existing wastewater collection and treatment facilities earlier than anticipated. The Program EIR will describe the existing utilities that currently serve the Project Area and their ability to meet fbture demands of new development that may occur due to adoption and implementation of the proposed Plan.. XVI. Mandatory Findings of Significance (a-d) Adoption and implementation of the proposed Redevelopment Plan will encourage new development in the Project Area. While there are no rare or endangered or sensitive plant or animal species in the Project Area, fbture development could be located adjacent to two lagoons. New development in close proximity to the lagoons could have impacts to biological resources associated with the lagoons. The adoption and implementation of the Plan will encourage new development in the Project Area which will be in compliance with the General Plan. However, new development could result in cumulative impacts depending upon the timing of the project in relation to other development in the community. The implementation of the Plan could have environmental effects which could cause substantial adverse effects on human beings either directly or indirectly. Additional development will result in an increase in traffic, noise, air emission, etc. which could significantly impact people. -10- APPENDIX B NOTICE OF PREPARATION RESPONSES FA): NO. 7E072132027 F, E - Walter F, Ekard County of San Diego Chief Administrative Officer Pax: (GI 9) 557-40GO - (619) 531-6226 Chief Adrnlnistrative Office 1600 Pacific Highway, San Diego, California 92101-2472 November 18, 1999 City of Carlsbad Housing and Redevelopment Depattment ATTN: Ms. Deborah Fountain, Redevelopment Director 2965 Roosevelt, Suite ‘73” Carlsbad, CA 92008-2389 HE: Notice of Preparation of a Draft Environmental Impact Report for the Proposed South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Project On behalf of the Chief Administrative Officer of the Counly of San Diego, I am responding to the Notice of Preparation of a Draft Environmental Impact Report (EIR), dated October 19, 1999, for the proposed South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Project. We arc not able to fblly respond to your request for input on the preparation of the EIR because the information provided in the Notice omits the preliminary redevelopment plan which is key to the evaluation of the proposed project area and its components. Typically, the prelhinaly redevelopment plan is prepared in conjunction with the EIR. This allows the taxing entities and public the opportunity to review and evaluate the justification and merits of the project area prior to moving forward to plan adoption. The County is requesting that the Redevelopment Agency submit to the County for review the Agency’s Preliminary Redevelopment Plan. In addition to the aspects checked in the EJR, you should also include the following: 1. The project description should include a discussion of the project as a redevelopment area. . This discussion should evaluate the appropriateness of the site as a redevelopment project area and its conformance to criteria in the California Community Redevelopment Law defining blight (Health and Safety Code Sections 33030 and 33031). As part of the-blight analysis, the BIR should present relevant annual bistorical data for the project area. For comparative pwposes, data should also be provided fox the Carlsbad Community Planning Area in which the redevelopment project area is located, any adjacent community planning areas, and the City as a whole. FAX NO. 7607202037 i- - County of Sarr Dtego Cornwrunity Services Group November 18,1999 2. The ElR should include a discussion of the proposed uses of State Beaches not under the control of the City of Carlsbad and the reason for their inclusion within tlzc proposed project area. The relationship between any planned redevelopment projects and Coastal Cornnlission requirements should also be discussed. 3. The EXR should describe the regional services provided by the County, including social services, public health, welfare, crinlinal justice, animal control, and other services provided both within the project area and throughout San Diego County, and should discuss the effects of the proposed redeveloplllent project on County facilities and services. 4. The ETR should include a discussion of proposed retaNhotel development within the project area and justification for inclusion of these properties. 5. The California Environmental Quality Act provides a means for evaluating the economic and fiscal impact of projects. The EER should include data reflecting the economic and fiscal impact that may occnr as a result of this project. 6. The EIR should include analysis of hazardous materials factors that may be generated by the existing power plant, railroad operations and any historic or future usage of the properties and justification for their illclusion in the project area. 7. The EIR should include an analysis of the impact of the power plant, including fkl storage facilities, current or future uses ofthe railroad right of way, and maintenance of the Lagoons. 8. The EIR should include the impact of the potential loss of viable agricultural assets, 9. The EIR should include a discussion of the specific trafic studies con-qtctcd within the project area and the area immediately adjacent to the project area (Le. Palomar Airport Road and Carlsbad Blvd.). A traffic study identifying the potential impacts and the mitigation measures should also be attached as suppofi. 10. Examples of data which would be appropriate to help document changing conditions and trends in the project area include: Numbers of single-family dwelling units constructed, remodeled and demolished. Numbers of multi-family dwelling units constructed, remodeled and demolished. r Conunexcial/industrial/office square footage constructed, remodeled and demolished. . CornnlerciaYindustrial/of~ce rental vacancy rate. . Median and average ages of commercial/induslrial/office structures. . Average retail sales per square foot. Nwnber and value of recent sales or transfers of property within the project area. . Number and percentage, by category, of undeveloped properties zoned for single- family, multi-family and commerciaVindustriaVoffice use. Number and percentage, by category, of single-family, multi-family and commerciaYoffice structures condemned by the City. E, 1 -2- .' L County of Salt Diego Cotnrnurrity Services Group November 18,1999 Number and percentage, by category, of single-family and multi-family structures cited for overcrowding by the City. . Number and type of other code enforcement complaints acted upon by the City. m Violent and property crime rates per 1,000 population. m Number, dollar value and percentage of tax delinquencies for single-family, multi- family and comnlerciaVindustriaVoffixce properties, by category. 11. The EIR should include a discussion of how the housing requirements under redevelopment law wilI be met within or outside the proposed redevelopment project area. Again, without being able to review a detailed project plan, the County cannot fdly evaluate the proposed South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Project. If you have any questions regarding these comments, please contact me, or Jeff Grissom of my staff, at (619) 53 1-5274. Sincerely, cp, L-m-e ALEX A. MARTINEZ Deputy Chief Administrative Officer Community Services Group -3- Superintendent of Schools Rudy M Cosrffllro. Ed.D. - November 3, 1999 Ms. Deborah K. Fountain City of Carlsbad Housing and Redevelopment Department 2965 Roosevelt, Suite B Carlsbad. CA 92008-2389 c c ...” RE: Response to Notice of Preparation of a Dear Ms. Fountain: RECEIVED HOUSING & REOEVELOPM€NT CITY OF CARLSBAD DEPARTMENT Draft Environmental Impact Report (EIR) The Sari Diego County Office of Education (COE) is in receipt Of the Notice of Preparation for a Draft Environmental Impact Report (EIR) for the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan. This letter constitutes our response to the notice. The COE provldes a variety of school and educational services to County residents. Unlike local school districts, the COE provides its services throughout the County, making it the equivalent of a countywide school district. As a result, the COE is affected by new development wherever it occurs in the County. Some COE programs provide direct services to students. including children (infants, pre-school, and students in grades K-12) as well as adults. Other COE services are provided through public schools, including all forty-three school districts and all five community college districts in the County. These services include staff development for teachers and current and prospective administrators as well as numerous management support services. The following COE programs may be affected by the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan: Regional Occupation Program Hope Infant Handicapped Program Migrant Education Program Outdoor Education Program Teacher Training and Development Administration Training and Development COE Administration Using oificial 1998 CBEDS data and the State of California Department of Finance statistics, projected K-12 enrollments in San Diego County school districts will increase 3%. Board of Education Ntclc Agwilor Ernie Dronenburg Susen Foy Jim Kelly John Wirr SERVICE AND LEADERSHIP increases in population bringing new students. We look forward to working with the Agency to reduce or fully mitigate these impacts in creative and mutually beneficial ways when possible. If you have any questions regarding this correspondence, please feel free to contact me at (858) 292-3680. Sincerely. Thomas E. Robinson Director, Facility Planning Services UATE OF CALLLPOIWR - IXR RESOURCES AWW DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND GAME South Coast Region 4349 Viewridge Avenue SanDlego, Celifmia 92123 (855)467-4201 (858)4674235FAX - November 15,1999 Deborah Fountain Carlsbad Housing and Redevelopment Plan 2965 Roosevelt Suite B Carlsbad, CA 92008-2389 RECEIVED HOUSING il REDEVELOPMENT CITY OF CARLSBAO DEPARTMENT Comments on the Notice of Preparation of R Draft Environmental Impact Report for the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan (SCH#99101106) c Dear Ms. Fountain: The Department of Fish and Game (Department) appreciates this opportunity to comment on the above-referenced project, relative to impacts to biological resources, To enable Department staff to adequately review and comment on the proposed project, we recommend the following information be included in the Draft Environmental Impact Report (DEIR). 1, A complete assessment of the flora and fauna within and adjacent to the project area, with particular emphasis upon identifjhg endangered, threatened, and locally unique species and sensitive habitats. a. A thorough assessment of rare plants and rare natural communities, following the Department's May 1984 Guidelines (revised August 1997) for Assessing Impacts to Rare Plants and Rare Natural Communities (Attachment 1). b. A complete assessment of sensitive fish, wildlife, reptile, and amphibian species. Seasonal variations in use of the project area should also be addressed. Focused species-specific surveys, conducted at the appropriate time of year and time of day when the sensitive species are active or otherwise identifiable, are required. Acceptable species-specific survey procedures should be developed in Consultation with the Department and the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. c. Rare, threatened, and endangered species to be addressed should include all those Deborah Fountain November 15, 1999 Page 2 FAX NO. 7607202037 ” which meet the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) definition (see CEQA Guidelines, 5 153 SO). ”- d. The Department‘s California Natural Diversity Data Base in Sacramento should be contacted ‘at (91 6) 327-5960 to obtain current information on any previously reported sensitive species and habitat, including Significant Natural Areas identified under Chapter 12 of the Fish and Game Code. . ” 2. A thorough discussion of direct, indirect, and cumulative impacts expected to adversely -. affect biological resources, with specific measures to offset such impacts. ,- a. CEQG Guidelines, 5 15125(a), direct that knowledge ofthe regional setting is critical to an assessment of environmental impacts and that special emphasis should be placed on resources that are rare or unique to the region. b, Project impacts should be analyzed relative to their effects on off-site habitats. Specifically, this should include nearby public lands, open space, adjacent natural habitats, and riparian ecosystems. Impacts to and maintenance of wildlife corridorlmovernent areas, including access to undisturbed habitat in adjacent areas, shouId be fully evaluated and provided. c. The zoning of areas for development projects or other uses that are nearby or adjacent to natural areas may inadvertently contribute to wildlife-human interactions. A discussion of possible conflicts and mitigation measures to reduce these conflicts should be included in the environmental document. d. A cumulative effects analysis should be developed as described under CEQA Guidelines, 6 15130. General and specific plans, as well as past, present, and anticipated fhre projects, should be analyzed relative to their impacts on similar plant communities and wildlife habitats. e. If applicable, the document should include an analysis of the effect that the project may have on completion and implementation of regional and/or subregional conservation programs. Under 9 2800-$2840 of the Fish and Game Code, the Department, through the Natural Communities Conservation Planning OJCCP) program, is coordinating with local jurisdictions, landowners, and the Federal Government to preserve local and regional biological diversity. Coastal sage scrub is the first natural community to be planned for under the NCCP program. The Department recommends that the lead agency ensure that the development of this and other proposed projects do not preclude long-term preserve planning options and that projects conform with other requirements of the NCCP program. I Deborah Fountain November 15,1999 Page 3 Jurisdictions participating in the NCCP program should assess specific projec.ts for consistency with the NCCP Conservation Guideiines. Additionaliy, the jurisdictions should quantify and qualifiy: 1) the amount of coastal sage scrub within their boundaries; 2) the acreage of coastal sage scrub habitat removed by individual. projects; and 3) any acreage set aside for mitigation. This information should be kept in an updated ledger system. 3. A range of alternatives should be analyzed to ensure that alternatives to the proposed project are fully considered and evaluated. A range of alternatives which avoid or otherwise minimize impacts to sensitive biological resources should be included. Specific alternatiqe locations should also be evaluated in areas with lower resource sensitivity where appropriate. a. Mitigation measures for project impacts to sensitive plants, animals, and habitats should emphasize evaluation and selection of alternatives whjch avoid or otherwise minimize project impacts. Off-site compensation for unavoidable impacts though acquisition and protection of high-quality habitat elsewhere should be addressed. b. The Depmment considers Rare Natural Communities as threatened habitats having both regional and local significance. Thus, these communities should be fully avoided and otherwise protected from project-related impacts (Attachment 2). c. The Department generally does not support the use of relocation, salvage, and/or transplantation as mitigation for impacts to rare, threatened, or endangered species. Department studies have shown that these efforts are experimental in nature and largely unsuccessful. 4. A California Endangered Species Act (CESA) Permit must be obtained, if the project has the potential to result in “take” of species ofpfants or animals listed under CESA, either during construction or over the life ofthe project. CESA Permit s are issued to conserve, protect, enhance, and restore State-listed threatened or endangered species and their habitats. Ekriy consultation is encouraged, as significant modification to a project and mitigation measures may be required in order to obtain a CESA Permit. Revisions to the Fish and Game Code, effective January 1998, may require that the Department issue 8 separate CEQA document for the issuance ofa 2081 pernit unless the project CEQA document addresses all project impacts to listed species and specjlies a mitigation monitoring and reporting program that will meet the requirements of a 2081 permit. For these reasons, the following information is requested; a. Biological mitigation monitoring and reporting proposals should be OF sufficient FAX NO, 7607202037 Deborah Fountain November 15,1999 Page 4 detail and resolution to satisfy the requirements for a CESA Permit. 5. b. A Department-approved Mitigation Agreement and Mitigation Plan are required for plants listed as rare under the Native Plant Protection Act. The Department has responsibility for wetland and riparian habitats and opposes any alteration of a natural watercourse that would result in a reduction of wetland acreage or wetland habitat values. Alterations include, but are not limited to; conversion to subsurface drains, placement of fill or building of structures within the wetland and Channelization or removal of materiajs fiorn the streambed. All wetlands and watercourses, whether intermittent or perennial, should be retained and provided with substantial setbacks which preserve the riparian and aquatic values and maintain their value to on-site and off-site wildlife populations. A formal wetland deiineation following U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (ACE) protocol may also be necessary prior to any construction in wetland or riparian habitats. Results should be included in the EIR. Please note, however, that wetland and riparian habitats subject to the Department's authority may extend beyond the areas identified in the ACE delineation. a. The Department may require a Lake or Streambed Alteration Agreement, pursuant to Section 1600 et sey. of the Fish and Game Code, with the applicant prior to the applicant's commencement of any activity that will substantially divert or obstruct the natural flow or substantially change the bed, channel, of bank (which may include associated riparian resources) of a river, stream or lake, or use material from a streambed. The Department's issuance of a Lake or Streambed Alteration Agreement for a project that is subject to CEQA will require CEQA compliance actions by the Department as a responsible agency. The Department as a responsible agency under CEQA, may consider the local jurisdiction's (lead agency) Negative Declaration or EIR for the project. To minimize additional requirements by the Department pursuant to Section 1600 et seq. and/or under CEQA, the document should filly identie the potential hpacts to the lake, stream or riparian resources and provide adequate avoidance, mitigation, monitoring and .reporting commitments for issuance of the agreement. A Streambed Alteration Agreement form may be obtained by writing to The Department of Fish and Game, 330 Golden Shore Suite 50, Lmg Beach, California 90802 or by calling (562) 590-5880. The Department holds regularly scheduled pre-project plannin$early consultation meetings. To make an appointment, please call our ofice at (562) 590-5880. Thank you for this opportunity to comment. Questions regarding this letter and further coordination on these issues should be directed to Erinn Wilson at (858) 467-4229. Deborah Fountain Page 5 c November 15,1999 William E. Tippets Habitat Conservation Supervisor Attachments - cc: Department of Fish and Game "" C.F. Riiysbbrook Sm Diego - U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Carlsbad c U. S, Army Corps of Engineers Los Angeles - State Clearinghouse Sacramento c FAX NO. 7607202037 Energf 101 Ash street San Diego, CA 92101-3017 November 18, 1999 -. Ms. Deborah K. Fountain, Director Housing and Redevelopment Department City of Carlsbad . 2965 Roosevelt, Suite B Carlsbad CA 92008-23 89 RE: NOTICE OF PREPARATION OF A DRAFT ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT FOR THE SOUTH CARLSBAD COASTAL REDEVELOPMENT PLAN Dear Ms. Fountain: San Diego Gas & Electric Company (“SDG&E”) thanks you for the opportunity to comment on the scope ofthe draft environmental impact report for the proposed South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan (the “DEW’). As you know, SDG&E has been closely following the devdopment of the South Coast Redevelopment Plan, and we look forward to receiving the specific information the DEIR will contain. At this time, there are four subjects we believe merit discussion. Project Alternatives The Redevelopment Agency may wish to consider project alternatives that delete SDG&E’s 45 acre TraveVRecreation (T-R) designated property located east of 1-5 (the “East Parcel”), as well as the 16.4 acre parcel west of 1-5 and north of Cannon Road that is the site of SDG&E’s North Coast Construction and Operating Center (the “C&O Parcel”). SDG&E’s East Parcel is physically separated from the rest of the proposed redevelopment area, and does not have an immediately discernable relationship to the other properties proposed for inclusion. Moreover, if and when this property is developed, traffic patterns and public resource concerns may cause SDG&E to seek a limited reconfiguration of the parcel, thereby potentially creating an issue for the redevelopment area CEQA process. . r .- r. .I Page 2 Ms. Deborah K. Fountain, City of Carlsbad November 18, 1999 SDG&E’s North Coast Construction and Operating Center has been continuously located at the C&O Parcel for many years, and SDG&E has no intention of changing its use of this parcel in the foreseeable future. This Construction and Operating Center is crucial to SDGlkE’s continuing provision of safe and reliable utility service to citizens of Carlsbad and other portions of North County. As SDG&E’s use of this parcel will not be changing, SDG&E questions why this parcel needs to be included in a redevelopment zone. Please note that these comments are not objections, but rather proposals that will hopefully help Carisbad to establish a new redevelopment zone with the most logical and advantageous potential configuration. Coastal Resources SDG&E recently funded a study that looked at the benefits of placing dredged sand material on the Carlsbad State Beach (Study of Sedintevt Tramport Corditiom in the Vicinity ojthe Apa Hedionda Lagoon, dated April 15, 1999). In October of 1999, the Coastal Commission accepted this study as a framework to be used for all fhture dredging in the Agua Hedionda Lagoon. The proposed redevelopment plan gives the Redevelopment Agency authority to fiwd beach replenishment projects. The planning for these projects should incorporate the conclusions of the referenced sand study with regard to placement and volume. The DElR should also recommend and require detailed CEQA analysis for any future project pursuant to the proposed Redevelopment Plan that considers any change in volume or placement of dredged material from the Agua Hedionda Lagoon, including the potential to impact coastal environmental resources and dredging costs. Hazards and Hazardous Materials Page 5 of the narrative attached to the Environmental Checklist Form states that “[TJhe Project Area is subject to three hazardous material issues,” and it goes on to infer that electro-magnetic fields (“EMF”) are one of these hazardous material issues. SDG&E believes that it is incorrect to refer to EMF as a “hazardous material issue.” CEQA documents typically provide a brief discussion of EMF research, and they also typically dismiss the issue as “specdative“ under CEQA. SDG&E has considerable experience with this issue before many regulatory bodies, and under separate cover SDG&E will forward additional EMF information to you. Financial Impact In addition to those categories listed on the Environmental Checklist Form, we believe that the DEIR must consider the financial impacts the proposed redevelopment area may have on properties within its boundaries, particularly as it relates to the Redevelopment Agency’s potential use of condemnation powers. In particular, SDG&E is concerned Page 3 Ms. Deborah K. FotlMain, City of Carisbad November 18,1999 c about potential impacts to SDG&E's utility operations at the C&O Parcel and East Parcel (transmission lines), and on the development potential of the East Parcel. The problems related to the City's potential exercise of eminent domain over these properties is significant, and should be addressed in the DER Moreover, because of these potential problems, it may simply be more appropriate for the Redevelopment Agency to delete its condemnation authority as it relates to these two parcels. Wc look forward to continuing participation in this process. If you have any questions, or would like to discuss any of the points raised in this letter, please call Ruth Love at (629) 696-2481. 30sekii/G. tarkin Director, Real Estate & Facilities cc; R. B. Love STATE OF CALIFORNIA GRAY DAVIS, Governor CALIFORNIA STATE LANDS COMMISSION PAUL D. THAYER, Executive Officer 100 Howe Avenue, Suite 1 OO-South (916) 574-1800 FAX (916) 574-1810 Sacramento, CA 95825-8202 California Relay Service From TDD Phone 1-800-735-2922 ” from Voice Phone 1-800-735-2929 - RECEIVEir Contact Phone: (91 6) 574-1 892 , Contact FAX: (916) 574-1925 iiOUSING & REDEVELOPMENT CITY OF CARLSBAD DEPARTMENT November 3,1999 File Ref: SCH 99101 106 Deborah Fountain Carlsbad Housing & Redevelopment Department 2965 Roosevelt, Suite B Carlsbad, CA 92008-2389 Dear Ms. Fountain: SUBJECT: Notice of Preparation (NOP) for the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan Draft Environmental Impact Report (EIR), SCH 991 01 106 Staff of the California State Lands Commission (CSLC) has reviewed the subject NOP. Under the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), the City is the Lead Agency and the CSLC is a Responsible and/or Trustee Agency for any and all projects that could directly or indirectly affect sovereign lands, their accompanying Public Trust resources or uses, and the public easement in navigable waters. The CSLC has jurisdiction and management authority over all ungranted tidelands, submerged lands, and the beds of navigable rivers, sloughs, lakes, etc. (e.g. Public Resources Code 6301). All tide and submerged lands, granted or ungranted, as well as navigable rivers, sloughs, etc., are impressed with the Common Law Public Trust. The Public Trust is a sovereign public property right held by the State or its delegated trustee for the benefit of all the people. This right limits the uses of these lands to waterborne commerce, navigation, fisheries, open space, recreation, or other recognized Public Trust purposes. A lease from the Commission is required for any portion of a project extending onto State-owned lands that are under its exclusive jurisdiction. The NOP states that the project will include beach replenishment and the construction of beach and recreational facilities along the Carlsbad Boulevard corridor. More detailed information will be necessary in order to determine whether any of the Deborah Fountain November 3, 1999 Page Two project’s components will impact or encroach onto sovereign lands under the jurisdiction of the CSLC. Thank you for the opportunity to comment. We look forward to reviewing the Draft EIR. If you have any questions concerning the CSLC’s jurisdiction, please contact Jane E. Smith, Public Land Management Specialist, at (916) 574-1892. ( Sincerely, MARY Division of Environmental Planning and Management cc: Jane E. Smith October 27,1999 e c ” California Regional Water Ouality Control Board San Diego Region 9771 Chiremont Mesa Blud., Sulte A San Diego, CA 82124-1331 SDRWQCBi 449 Carlsbad Housing S Redevelopment Department 2965 Roosevelt, Suite 8 Carlsbad, CA 92008 , Attention: Deborah Fountain Subject: Response to the NOPEIR for the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan. Dear Ms. Fountain, We have received your Notice of Preparation for the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan draft Environmental Impact Report and offer the following questions and concerns. We also provide some additional information regarding the possible regulatory requirements for the subject project. This information has not been selected to be project-specfic, and some of the information might not apply to this project. a) Would the proposed project create a potentially significant adverse environmental impact to drainage patterns or the rate, amount, or quantity of surface water? b) Would the proposed project have a potentially significant adverse impact on surface water quality, to either marine, fresh, or wetland waters? c) Would the proposed project have a potentially significant adverse impact to groundwater Aow though the alteration of pressure head (water table level) within the aquifer or though the interception of groundwater flow via cuts or excavation? d) Would the proposed project result in discharges into surface waters during or following construction, or in significant alteration of surface water quality including, but not limited to temperature, dissolved oxygen, turbidity or other typica! urban storm water pollutants (e.g., metals, pathogens, synthetics, organics, sediment, nutrients, oxygen demanding substances.)? e) Would the proposed project result in the loss or degradation of any beneficial uses that have been designated for the water bodies that will be directly or indirectly affected by the project? f) What mitigation measures are being proposed to eliminate or compensate for the adverse effects identified in (a) through (e) above? FAX NO, 7E07202027 Permita There are six potential permits or approvals conducted by the Regional Quality Control Board that might be needed during the life of a project. Additional information on these permits is provided to assist you in determining the permits that may be required for the proposed project; as well as project design modifications that may be needed to satisfy the permits. During the construction and development phases of a project, the project could be subject to any one or more of four types of RWQCB permits or approvals. These include; (1 1 the Statewide National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) General Construction Activity Storm Water Permit, (2) the Clean Water Act 401 water quality Certification, (3) General Dewatering Permit, and (4) Dredging Permit. Upon completion of construction, and throughout the project's operational life, the project may be also subject to one or both of the following two types of RWQCB permits: (1) NPDES permit for any point source discharge of wastes to surface waters; and (2) State Waste Discharge Requirements (VVDRs) for any waste discharge to land, Examples of discharges to land requiring WDRs include landfills, reclaimed water discharges from sewage treatment plants for irrigation purposes, sand and gravel operations, and animal confinement facilities. Water quality degradation is re'gulated by the Federal National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Program, established by the Clean Water Act, which controls and reduces pollutants to water bodies from point and non-point discharges. In California, the program is administered by the California Regional Water Quality Control Boards. The Regional Board issues NPDES permits for discharges to water bodies in the San Diego area, including Municipal (area- or county-wide) Storm Water Discharge Permits. Construction S WPPP Projects disturbing more than five acres of land during construction must be covered under the State NPDES General Permit for Discharges of Storm Water Associated with Construction Activity. This can be accomplished by filing a Notice of Intent (NOI). The project sponsor must propose and implement control measures that are consistent with this State Construction Storm Water General Permit, and with recommendations and policies of the local agency and the RWQCB. Industrial S WPPP Projects that include facilities with discharges of Storm Water Associated with Industrial Activity must be covered under the State NPDES General Permit for Discharges of Storm Water Associated with Industrial Activity. This may be accomplished by filing a Notice of Intent. The project sponsor must propose control measures that are consistent with this, and with recommendations and policies of the local agency and the RWQCB. In a. few cases, the project sponsor may apply for (or the RWQCB may require) issuance of an individual (industry- or facility-specific) permit. 2 1 012 7/99 FA): NO. 7607202037 MunlcCpal SWPP The RWQCBs San Diego Urban Runoff Municipal Permit requires San Diego area municipalities to devetop and implement Storm Water Management Plans (SwMPs) The SWPs must include a program for implementing new development and construction site storm water quality controls. The objective of this component is to ensure that appropriate measures to control pollutants from new development are: considered during the planning phase, before construction begins; implemented during the construction phase; and maintained after construction, throughout the life of the project. Wafer Quality Certification The Regional Board must certify that any permit issued by the US. Army Corps of Engineers pursuant to Section 404 of the Clean Water Act (covering, dredging, or filling of wetlands) complies with state water quality standards. Section 401 Water Quality Certification, or waiver, is necessary for all 404 Nationwide Permits, reporting and non-reporting, as well as individual permits. Wetlands enhance water quality through such natural functions as flood and erosion control, stream bank stabilization, and filtration and purification of contaminants. Wetlands also provlde critical habitats for hundreds of species of fish, birds, and other wildlife; offer open space; and provide many recreational opportunities. Adverse Water quality impacts can occur in wetlands from construction of stfuctures in waterways, dredging, filling, and, otherwise altering the drainage to wetlands. All projects must be evaluated for the presence of jurisdictional wetlands. Destruction or impact to wetlands should be avoided. Water quality certification may be denied based on significant adverse impacts to "Waters of the State." The goals of the California Wetlands Conservation Policy, include ensuring *no overall net loss and achieving a long-term net gain in the quantity, quality, and permanence of wetlands acreage and values." In the event wetland loss is unavoidable, mitigation will be preferably in-kind and on-site, with no net destruction of habitat value. Mitigation will preferably be completed prior to, or at feast simultaneous to, the filling or other loss of existing wetlands. Successful mitigation projects are complex tasks and difficult to achieve. This issue will be strongly considered during agency review of any proposed wetland fill. Wetland features or ponds created as mitigation for the loss of existing *jurisdictional wetlands" or "waters of the United States" cannot be used a5 storm water treatment controls. CEQA requires monitoring of all mitigation efforts as a condition of project approval. Although monitoring programs are not required to be included in environmental documents, it is helpful to know what sort of mitigation monitoring the applicant intends to implement, and who will be accountable for seeing that any proposed mitigation's are successfully executed. 3 10/27/99 FAX NO. 7607202037 c " .- Proiectl Site Planning Evidence of filing for a NO1 and development of a SWPPP should be a condition of development plan approval by all municipalities. Implementation of the SWPPP should be enforced during construction via appropriate options such as citations, stop work orders, or withhotding occupancy permits. Impacts identified should be avoided and minimized by developing and implementing the following. The project should minimize impacts from project development by incorporating appropriate site planning concepts. This should be accomplished by designing and proposing site planning options as early in the project planning phases as possible. Appropriate site planning concepts to include, but are not limited to the following: Phase construction to limit areas and periods of impact. Minimize directly connected impervious areas. Preserve natural topography, existing drainage courses and existing vegetation. Locate construction and structures as far as possible from streams, wetlands, drainage areas, etc. Reduce paved area through cluster development, narrower streets, use of porous pavement andlor retaining natural surfaces. Minimize the use of gutters and curbs that concentrate and direct runoff to impermeable surfaces. Use existing vegetation and create new vegetated areas to promote infiltration. Design and lay out communities to reduce reliance on cars. Include, green areas for people to, walk their pets, thereby reducing build-up of bacteria, worms, viruses, nutrients, etc. in impermeable areas, or institute ordinances requiring owners to collect pets' excrement. incorporate low-maintenance landscaping. Design and lay out streets and storm drain systems to facilitate easy maintenance and cleaning. Consider the need for runoff collection and treatment systems. Label storm drains to discourage dumping of pollutants into them. 4 10127/99 -" I Construction Phase Management Erosion Prevention The project should minimize erosion and control sediment during and after construction. This should be done by developing and implementing an erosion control plan, or equivalent plan. This plan should be included in the SWPP. The plan should specify all control measures that will be used or which are anticipated to be used, including, but not limited to, the following: Limit access routes and stabilize access points. Stabilize denuded areas as soon as possible with seeding, mulching, or other effective methods. Protect adjacent properties with vegetative buffer strips, sediment barriers, or other effective methods. Delineate clearing limits, easements, setbacks, sensitive areas, vegetation and drainage courses by marking them in the field. Stabilize and prevent erosion from temporary conveyance channels and outlets. Use sediment controls and filtration to remove sediment from water generated by dewatering or collected on-site during construction. For large sites, stomwater settling basins will often be necessary. Schedule grading for the dry season (MaySept.) Chemical and Waste Management The project should minimize impacts from chemicals and wastes used or generated during construction. This should be done by developing and implementing a plan or set of control measures. The plan or control measures should be included in the Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan, The plan should specify ali control measures that will be used or which are anticipated to be used, including, but not limited to, the following: Designate specific areas of the site, away from streams or storm drain inlets, for storage, preparation, and disposal of building materials, chemical products, and wastes. Store stockpiled materials and wastes under a roof or plastic sheeting. 0 Store containers of paint, chemicals, solvents, and other hazardous materials stored in containers under cover during rainy periods. Berm around storage areas to prevent contact with runoff. 5 10/27/99 .- ” r FAX NO. 7607202037 Designate specific areas of the site, away from streams or storm drain inlets, for auto and equipment parking and for routine vehicle and equipment maintenance. Routinely maintain all vehicles and heavy equipment to avoid leaks. Perform major maintenance, repair, and vehicle and equipment washing off-site, or in designated and controlled areas on-site. Collect used motor oil, radiator coolant or other fluids with drip pans or drop cloths. Store and label spent fluids carefully prior to recycling or proper disposal. Sweep up spilled dry materials (cement, mortar, fertilizers, etc.) immediately-do not use water to wash them away. Clean up liquid spills on paved or impermeable surfaces using “dry” cleanup methods (e.g., absorbent materials, cat litter, rags) and dispose of cleanup materials properly, Clean up spills on dirt areas by digging up and properly disposing of the soil. Keep paint removal wastes, fresh concrete, cement mortars, cleared vegetation, and demolition wastes out of gutters, streams, and storm drains by using proper containment and disposal. We appreciate the opportunity to comment on the subject environmental document and look forward to your response, If you have any questions regarding our concerns or questions, please do not hesitate to contact me at carim@&9.swrcb.ca.aov. ” Melisa I. Cari 6 1 oiz7/99 FAX NO, 7607202037 .. SAN DIEGO COUNTY OFFICE OF EDUCATION 6401 LINDA VISTA ROAD, SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 9211 1-7399 (858) 292-3300 Superlntendent of Schools Rudy M. Cosrruiro, Ed.D. November 3, 1999 Ms. Deborah K. Fountain City of Carlsbad Housing and Redevelopment Department 2965 Roosevelt, Suite B Carlsbad, CA 92008-2389 RECEIVED HOUSING R REDEVELOPMENT CITY OF CARLSBAD DEPARTMENT RE: Response to Notice of Preparation of a Draft Environmental Impact Report (EIR) Dear Ms. Fountain: The San Diego County Ofice of Education (COE) is in receipt of the Notice of Preparation for a Draft Environmental Impact Report (EIR) for the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan. This letter constitutes our response to the notice. The COE provides a variety of school and educational services to County residents. Unlike focal school districts, the COE provides its services throughout the County, making it the equivalent of a countywide school district. As a result, !he COE is affected by new development wherever it occurs in the County. r- c Some COE programs provide direct services to students, including children (infants, pre-school, and students in grades K-12) as well as adults. Other COE services are provided through public schools, including all forty-three school districts and all five community college districts in the County. These services include staff development for teachers and current and prospective administrators as well as numerous management support services. The following COE programs may be affected by the South Carlsbad Coastal Redevelopment Plan: Regional Occupation Program Hope Infant Handicapped Program Migrant Education Program Outdoor Education Program Teacher Training and Development Administration Training and Development COE Administration Using official 1998 CBEDS data and the State of California Department of Finance statistics, projected K-12 enrollments in San Diego County school districts will increase 3%. Board of Education Nick Aguilor Ernie Dronenburg Susen Fay Jim Kelly John Wirr SERVICE AND LEADERSHIP FAX NO, 7607202037 F. I In order to provide an accurate analysis of potential impacts resulting from this projec& the COphe DRAFT EIR should: 1G 1. Quantify the scope and buildout of anticipated commercial and residential 2. Quantify the projects direct and indirect effects on population, on student 3. Include a discussion of the possibility for the use of joint use facilities by development (at all densities). generation and on the costs of facilities to accommodate these new students. schools and public and private agencies, e.g. different city departments such as recreation or public works We encourage and support cities and counties in the use of the redevelopment process and tax increment revenues for the elimination of blight and to improve the economic viability of areas. However, school districts and the COE will be impacted due to increases in population bringing new students. We look forward to working with the Agency to reduce or fully mitigate these impacts in creative and mutually beneficial ways when possible. If you have any questions regarding this correspondence, please feel free to contact me at (858) 292-3680. Sincerely, A Thomas E. Robinson Director, Facility Planning Services Cc: John Wiggins, Interim Assistant Superintendent, Business Services