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Home My WebLink About2015-06-09; City Council; 21983; Acceptance National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Water Quality Improvement, Jurisdictional Runoff Management Plan8 CITY OF CARLSBAD - AGENDA BILL AB# 21.983 ACCEPTANCE OF NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PLAN AND JURISDICTIONAL RUNOFF MANAGEMENT PLAN DEPT. DIRECTOR'p'T- DATE: 06-09-2015 ACCEPTANCE OF NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PLAN AND JURISDICTIONAL RUNOFF MANAGEMENT PLAN CITY ATTY. DEPT. PW-PEM ACCEPTANCE OF NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PLAN AND JURISDICTIONAL RUNOFF MANAGEMENT PLAN CITYMGR. RECOMMENDED ACTION: Adopt Resolution No. 2015-139 accepting the Carisbad Watershed Management Area Water Quality Improvement Plan, including the City of Carisbad's Jurisdictional Runoff Management Plan. ITEM EXPLANATION: On June 27, 2013, the San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board (SDRWQCB) adopted the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Municipal Permit, Order No. R9-2013-0001 (Permit). This updated Permit applies to all 18 San Diego cities, the County of San Diego, the San Diego Unified Port District and the San Diego Regional Airport Authority. The areas of South Orange County and Riverside County, also included in SDRWQCB's Region 9 jurisdiction, will be incorporated into this Permit upon renewal of each expiring order. The Permit is a re-issuance of the previous NPDES Municipal Permit Order No. R9-2007-0001 issued on Jan. 24, 2007. The new Permit continues to implement many ofthe requirements ofthe previous order; however, it is fundamentally centered on watershed-based program planning and program outcomes. The Permit requires Responsible Agencies in each of the region's watersheds to develop a Water Quality Improvement Plan (WQIP). The CaHsbad Watershed Management Area (CWMA) Responsible Agencies include the following: City of Carisbad, City of Encinitas, City of Escondido, City of Oceanside, City of San Marcos, City of Solana Beach, City of Vista and the County of San Diego. The City of Carisbad has agreed to serve as the CWMA Principal Watershed Copermittee and fulfill the required responsibilities for the duration ofthe Permit. The Permit is designed to enable jurisdictions to prioritize and focus resources and efforts in various ways to effectively prohibit non-storm water discharges to its storm water conveyance system, reduce pollutants in storm water discharges and achieve interim and final numeric goals. The CWMA WQIP establishes watershed goals and strategies that the City of Carisbad used to guide the development of the Jurisdictional Runoff Management Plan (JRMP). The City of Carisbad's JRMP contains the strategies, standards and methods to be implemented in response to the priorities and goals established in the WQIP. DEPARTMENT CONTACT: Elaine Lukey 760-602-7582 elaine.lukey@carlsbadca.gov FOR CLERK USE. COUNCIL ACTION: APPROVED CONTINUED TO DATE SPECIFIC • DENIED • CONTINUED TO DATE UNKNOWN • CONTINUED • RETURNED TO STAFF • WITHDRAWN • OTHER - SEE MINUTES • AMENDED • REPORT RECEIVED • Accept NPDES WQIP and JRMP June 9, 2015 Page 2 of 2 FISCAL IMPACT: Compliance with the programs and strategies established by the WQIP and the JRMP are not expected to result in any increases to the General Fund or any other city revenue source at this time. All program costs associated with activities established by these documents are anticipated to be accommodated by existing staff and/or budgeted expenses in the Fiscal 2015-16 budget. City staff will continually assess programs related to the storm water pollution prevention program to evaluate future annual budgetary needs relative to the Permit requirements and the associated compliance documents and request additional resources in future years, if needed. ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT: This action is exempt from the California Environmental Quality Act pursuant to CEQA Guidelines Section 15308. This section exempts activities taken by regulatory agencies, as authorized by state or local ordinance, to assure the enhancement or protection ofthe environment. EXHIBITS: 1. Resolution No. 2015-139 ^ accepting the Carisbad Watershed Management Area Water Quality Improvement Plan, including the City of Carisbad's Jurisdictional Runoff Management Plan. 2. Report titled "Carisbad Watershed Management Area Water Quality Improvement Plan" dated June 2015, previously distributed, on file with the Public Works Department. 3. Report titled "City of Carisbad Jurisdictional Runoff Management Plan" dated June 2015, previously distributed, on file with the Public Works Department. EXHIBIT 1 RESOLUTION NO. 2015-139 2 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CARLSBAD, 3 CALIFORNIA, TO ACCEPT THE NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT PLAN 4 AND JURISDICTIONAL RUNOFF MANAGEMENT PLAN. 5 6 7 8 9 Y 0 the San Diego Region, Order No. R9-2013-0001 (Permit); and 11 WHEREAS, the Permit requires all Watershed Management Areas within San Diego County to develop and implement a Water Quality Improvement Plan to establish water quality priorities, goals and strategies for the watershed; and WHEREAS, the Carisbad Watershed Management Area Copermittees include the following: City of Carlsbad, City of Encinitas, City of Escondido, City of Oceanside, City of San WHEREAS, on May 27, 2013, the San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board adopted the National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit and Waste Discharge Requirements for Discharges from the Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems Draining the Watersheds within 13 14 15 16 17 Marcos, City of Solana Beach, City of Vista and the County of San Diego; and 18 WHEREAS, the City of Carisbad has agreed to serve as the Carisbad Watershed Management Area Principal Watershed Copermittee and fulfill the responsibilities required in the Permit; and WHEREAS, each jurisdiction within the Carisbad Watershed Management Area must develop and implement a Jurisdictional Runoff Management Plan to control the contribution of 20 21 22 23 24 pollutants to and the discharge from the municipal storm drain system; 25 /// 2^ /// 27 /// 28 " 1 NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Carisbad, California 2 3 17 18 19 20 23 24 25 26 27 28 as follows: 4 5 6 7 Carlsbad 8 /// 9 10 11 12 13 14 /// /// /// /// /// 15 /// 16 /// /// /// /// 21 /// 22 /// /// /// /// 1. That the above recitations are true and correct. 2. The City Council accepts the Carisbad Watershed Management Area Water Quality Improvement Plan and the Jurisdictional Runoff Management Plan for the City of 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED at a Regular Meeting ofthe City Council ofthe City of CaHsbad on the 9^*^ day of June, 2015, by the following vote to wit: AYES: NOES: Council Members Hall, Blackburn, Schumacher, Wood, Packard. None. ABSENT: None. MATT HALL, Mayor ATTEST: BARBARA ENGLESONUZity Clerk (SEAL) .o^S^^^.^^'e:''. This page intentional for printing purpose c5k EXHIBIT 2 Carlsbad Watershed Management Area Water Quality Improvement Plan San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board Order R9-2013-0001 June 2015 Prepared and Submitted by the Carlsbad Watershed Management Area Responsible Agencies City of Carlsbad City of San Marcos City of Encinitas City of Solana Beach City of Escondido City of Vista City of Oceanside County of San Diego This page intentional for printing purpose Table of Contents List of Tables iii List of Figures iv List of Appendices v List of Acronyms and Abbreviations v Acknowledgements vi Executive Summary i 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Background and Watershed Description 1 1.2 Purpose 2 1.3 WQIP Development and Updates 4 1.3.1 Public Participation Process 5 1.3.2 Regional Clearinghouse 6 1.3.3 Plan Updates 7 2 Water Quality Improvement Plan Components 9 2.1 Priority Water Quality Conditions 9 2.2 Goals 16 2.3 Strategies 17 2.3.1 Geographic Characteristics 17 2.3.2 Geographic Prioritization 18 2.3.3 Optional Strategies 19 2.3.4 Watershed Management Area Analysis 19 2.4 Iterative and Adaptive Management Process 21 2.4.1 Re-evaluation of Water Quality Conditions 23 2.4.2 Adaption of Goals and Schedules 24 2.4.3 Strategies and Schedules 25 2.4.4 Adaptation of Monitoring and Assessment Programs 25 2.5 Monitoring 26 2.5.1 JRMP Program 27 2.5.2 Regulations and Policy 27 2.5.3 Water Quality Monitoring Program 27 2.6 Assessment 37 2.6.1 JRMP Program Assessments 37 2.6.2 Regulatory and Policy Assessment 38 2.6.3 Storm Drain Discharges Assessments 38 1 2.6.4 Special Studies Assessments 42 2.6.5 Receiving Waters Assessment 43 2.6.6 Integrated Assessment 45 3 Hydrologic Area Implementation 47 3.1 Loma Alta HA (904.1) 53 3.1.1 Loma Alta HA Sources 54 3.1.2 Loma HA Area Goals and Strategies 55 3.1.3 Loma Alta HA Focus Areas 58 3.1.4 Loma Alta HA Monitoring and Assessment 66 3.2 Buena Vista Creek HA (904.2) 69 3.2.1 Buena Vista Creek HA Sources 70 3.2.2 Buena Vista Creek HA Goals and Strategies 72 3.2.3 Buena Vista Creek HA Focus Areas 75 3.2.4 Buena Vista Creek HA Monitoring and Assessment 84 3.3 Agua Hedionda HA (904.3) 87 3.3.1 Agua Hedionda HA Sources 88 3.3.2 Agua Hedionda HA Goals and Strategies 89 3.3.3 Agua Hedionda HA Focus Areas 92 3.3.4 Agua Hedionda HA Monitoring and Assessment 100 3.4 Encinas HA (904.4) 103 3.4.1 Encinas HA Sources 104 3.4.2 Encinas HA Goals and Strategies 104 3.4.3 Encinas HA Monitoring and Assessment 105 3.5 San Marcos HA (904.5) 107 3.5.1 San Marcos HA Sources 108 3.5.2 San Marcos HA Goals and Strategies 110 3.5.3 San Marcos HA Focus Areas 117 3.5.4 San Marcos HA Monitoring and Assessment 129 3.6 Escondido Creek HA (904.6) 133 3.6.1 Escondido Creek HA Sources 134 3.6.2 Escondido Creek HA Goals and Strategies 135 3.6.3 Escondido Creek HA Focus Areas 140 3.6.4 Escondido Creek HA Monitoring and Assessment 158 4 References 161 List of Tables Table 1: Jurisdictional Breakdown of Carlsbad WMA 2 Table 2: Carlsbad WMA Water Quality Improvement Consultation Panel 6 Table 3: Summary of Receiving Water Data and Information 11 Table 4: Summary of Receiving Water Data and Information (Results from Public Data Call) 12 Table 5: Priority Water Quality Conditions by Waterbody 13 Table 6: Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions by Waterbody 15 Table 7: MS4 Outfall Monitoring 28 Table 8: Number of Major MS4 Outfalls per Jurisdiction 29 Table 9: Carlsbad WMA Special Studies Monitoring 31 Table 10: Receiving Water Monitoring Program 34 Table 11: Carlsbad Watershed Long-Term Receiving Water Station 35 Table 12: Dry Weather MS4 Outfall Assessment Evaluation Process and Potential Outputs 39 Table 13: Wet Weather MS4 Outfall Assessment Evaluation Process and Potential Outputs 41 Table 14: ROWD Assessments Evaluation Process and Potential Outputs 42 Table 15: Special Studies Assessments Evaluation Process and Potential Outputs 43 Table 16: Receiving Water Assessment Evaluation Process and Potential Outputs 44 Table 17: Pollutant Generating Sources - 904.1 Loma Alta Hydrologic Area 54 Table 18: Loma Alta HA Interim and Final Numeric Goals 55 Table 19: Loma Alta HA Strategies 56 Table 20: Pollutant Generating Sources - 904.2 Buena Vista Creek Hydrologic Area 71 Table 21: Buena Vista Creek HA Strategies 73 Table 22: CB-PAl Focus Area, Interim and Final Numeric Goals 76 Table 23: CB-PA2 Focus Area, Interim and Final Numeric Goals 78 Table 24: CB-PA3 Focus Area, Interim and Final Numeric Goals 81 Table 25: BV06 Basin Focus Area, Interim and Final Numeric Goals 83 Table 26: Dry Weather Data Collection by Jurisdiction for the Buena Vista Creek HA 86 Table 27: Pollutant Generating Sources - 904.3 Agua Hedionda Hydrologic Area 88 Table 28: Agua Hedionda HA Strategies 90 Table 29: AH04 Basin Focus Area, Interim and Final Numeric Goals 93 Table 30: SM-AH Focus Area, Interim and Final Numeric Goals 95 Table 31: CB-PA2 Focus Area, Interim and Final Numeric Goals 98 Table 32: Dry Weather Data Collection by Jurisdiction for the Agua Hedionda HA 102 Table 33: Pollutant Generating Sources - 904.4 Encinas Hydrologic Area 104 Table 34: Encinas HA Strategies 106 Table 35: Pollutant Generating Sources - 904.5 San Marcos Hydrologic Area 109 Table 36: San Marcos HA Dry Weather Interim and Final Goals Ill Table 37: San Marcos HA Wet Weather Interim and Final Goals 112 Table 38: San Marcos HA Strategies 115 Table 39: Basins B, C & D Focus Areas, Interim and Final Targeted Outcomes 122 Table 40: County of San Diego San Marcos HA Focus Areas, Interim and Final Targeted Outcomes 126 Table 41: Dry Weather Data Collection by Jurisdiction for the San Marcos HA 131 Table 42: Pollutant Generating Sources - 904.6 Escondido Creek Hydrologic Area 134 Table 43: Escondido Creek Strategies 137 Table 44: Solana Beach Drainage Area, Interim and Final Numeric Goals 141 Table 45: Cardiff Channel and San Elijo JPA Outfall Drainage Areas, Interim and Final Numeric Goals.. 145 Table 46: County of San Diego Escondido Creek HA Focus Areas, Interim and Final Goals 148 Table 47: ESC 113, ESC 128, ESC 143 Focus Areas, Interim and Final Numeric Goals 153 III '1 Table 48: City of San Marcos, SM-EC Focus Area, Interim and Final Numeric Goals 156 Table 49: Dry Weather Data Collection by Jurisdiction for the Escondido Creek HA 160 ist of Figures igure 1: Carlsbad Watershed Management Area 1 igure 2: Five-Year process for Planning, Implementation and Assessment of WQIP 3 igure 3: Long-Term WQIP Process 4 igure 4: Initial WQIP Development Process - Planning Consisting of Assessment 9 igure 5: Demonstrated Improvements Using Iterative Process 21 igure 6: Balance of Water Quality Improvement Plan Components 22 igure 7: Carlsbad WMA Monitoring Locations 30 igure 8: Carlsbad Watershed Management Area - Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions 47 igure 9: Example Hydrologic Area Map 48 igure 10: Example Goals Table 49 igure 11: Example Hydrologic Area Strategy Table 50 igure 12: Example Focus Area 51 igure 13: Loma Alta Hydrologic Area Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions and Focus Areas 53 igure 14: Oceanside Jurisdiction within Loma Alta HA 58 igure 15: Collins Basin Drainage Area/Focus Area 61 igure 16: Temple Heights Drainage Area/Focus Area 62 igure 17: Oceanside/Vista Residential Focus Area '. 64 igure 18: Buena Vista Hydrologic Area Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions and Focus Areas 70 igure 19: CB-PAl Focus Area - Buena Vista Creek HA 75 igure 20: CB-PA2 Focus Area - Buena Vista Creek 78 igure 21: CB-PA3 Focus Area - Buena Vista Creek 80 igure 22: BV06 Basin Focus Area 83 igure 23: Agua Hedionda Hydrologic Area Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions and Focus Areas.87 igure 24: AH04 Basin Focus Area 92 igure 25: SM-AH Focus Area 94 igure 26: CB-PA2 Focus Area 98 igure 27: Encinas Hydrologic Area 103 igure 28: San Marcos Hydrologic Area Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions and Focus Areas 108 igure 29: Cottonwood Creek and 2nd Street Drainage Areas 117 igure 30: San Marcos Drainage Basin B 120 igure 31: San Marcos Drainage Basin C 121 Igure 32: San Marcos Drainage Basin D 121 igure 33: County of San Diego San Marcos HA Focus Areas 125 igure 34: Escondido Creek HA Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions and Focus Areas 133 igure 35: Solana Beach Drainage Area/Focus Area 140 igure 36: Cardiff Channel Drainage Area, City of Encinitas Focus Area 143 igure 37: San Elijo JPA Outfall at Cardiff Drainage Area, City of Encinitas Focus Area 144 igure 38: County of San Diego CAR 007 Focus Areas 146 igure 39: County of San Diego CAR 015 Focus Areas 147 igure 40: County of San Diego CAR 059 Focus Areas 147 igure 41: Escondido ESC 113 Focus Area 152 igure 42: Escondido ESC 128 Focus Area 152 igure 43: Escondido ESC 134 Focus Area 153 igure 44: San Marcos SM-EC Focus Area 155 V V) IV List of Appendices Appendix A - General Descriptions for Select Strategies Appendix B - Provision B.2 Submittal: Water Quality Conditions, MS4 Sources and Potential Strategies Appendix C - Provision B.3 Submittal: Numeric Goals and Schedules, Strategies and Schedules Appendix D - Watershed Management Area Analysis Appendix E - Offsite Alternative Compliance Candidate Projects List List of Acronyms and Abbreviations 303(d) Clean Water Act Section 303(d) list of impaired waters AGR Agricultural Supply ASBS Area of Special Biological Significance Basin Plan Water Quality Control Plan for the San Diego Basin BIOL Biological Habitats of Special Significance BMP Best Management Practice Caltrans California Department of Transportation COD Chemical Oxygen Demand CWA Clean Water Act HA Hydrologic Area HPWQCs Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions HSA Hydrologic Sub-Area IBI Index of Biological Integrity JRMP Jurisdictional Runoff Management Program JURMP Jurisdictional Urban Runoff Management Program/Plan LTEA Long-Term Effectiveness Assessment MAR Marine Habitat MEP Maximum Extent Practicable MLOE Multiple Lines of Evidence MS4 Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System MUN Municipal and Domestic Supply NNE Nutrient Numeric Endpoint O/E Observed-to-Expected ratio PWQC Priority Water Quality Condition REC-1 Recreation Contact Water RWQCB San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board SHELL Shellfish Harvesting TDS Total Dissolved Solids TMDL Total Maximum Daily Load TSS Total Suspended Solids WARM Warm Freshwater Habitat WMA Watershed Management Area WQICP Water Quality Improvement Consultation Panel WQIP Water Quality Improvement Plan WURMP Watershed Urban Runoff Management Program w Acknowledgements Mikhail Ogawa Engineering would like to thank the following people for their participation in the Water Quality Improvement Plan development process: Alicia Appel City of Escondido Tim Bailey Santa Fe Irrigation District Eric Becker SDRWQCB, Consultation Panel Alternate Member Christine Bevilacqua Antioch University Simon Breen The Escondido Creek Conservancy Kasey Cinciarelli Preserve Calavera Helen Davies City of Escondido Paige DeCino Preserve Calavera Ruth DeLa Rosa County of San Diego Olga Diaz City of Escondido, Councilwoman Doug Dowden City of San Marcos Diane Downey Green Gardens Group (G3) Bryn Evans Resident Cheryl Filar City of Vista Justin Gamble City of Oceanside Doug Gibson San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy Katie Greenwood City of Oceanside Steve Gruber Burns & McDonnell, Consultation Panel Member Ann Hough The Escondido Creek Conservancy Alden Hough Sky Mountain Institute Jayne Janda-Timba Rick Engineering Company Isabelle Kay UCSD Natural Reserve System, Carlsbad Watershed Network Taryn Kjolsing City of Solana Beach Liz Kruidenier Canyon Network, Carlsbad Watershed Network Mo Lahsaie City of Oceanside Sheryl Landrom RCD of Greater San Diego Greg Lang Pasco Laret Suiter Elaine Lukey City of Carlsbad Cynthia Mallett City of Oceanside Mayela Manasjan City of Encinitas Greg McBain The Escondido Creek Conservancy, Consultation Panel Member Sheri McPherson County of San Diego Michael McSweeny BIA Tim Murphy City of Carlsbad Crystal Najera City of Encinitas Scott Norris County of San Diego Jon Nottage City of Vista Diane Nygaard Preserve Calavera MattO'Malley San Diego Coastkeeper Jessica Parks Santa Fe Irrigation District Rick Pickett Resident of Escondido Kevin Porter County of San Diego - AWM Travis Pritchard San Diego Coastkeeper VI Samantha Richter Agua Hedionda Lagoon Foundation Brad Roth Carlsbad Watershed Network, Consultation Panel Alternate Member Deborah Ruddock California Coastal Conservancy, Carlsbad Watershed Network Samantha Russo 1 Love A Clean San Diego Fred Sandquist Batiquitos Lagoon Foundation Hal Schillinger Kristar Cor Shaffer Santa Fe Irrigation District Norelee Sherwood RCD of Greater San Diego Kimberly Silva City of Escondido Nancy Stalnaker County of San Diego Erik Steenblock City of Encinitas Reed Thornberry City of San Marcos Ann Van Lee The Escondido Creek Conservancy David Varner San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy Tory Walker Tory R. Walker Engineering, Inc., Consultation Panel Alternate Member Laurie Walsh SDRWQCB, Consultation Panel Member Jo Ann Weber County of San Diego Stan Williams Poseidon Water James Wood City of Carlsbad VII 11^ This page intentional for printing purpose VIII Executive Summary In May 2013, the San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) adopted Order R9-2013- 0001 - National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit and Waste Discharge Requirements for Discharges from the Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems (MS4) Draining the Watersheds within the San Diego Region. The Permit requires the owners of storm drain systems, municipal agencies or Responsible Agencies, to implement management programs to limit discharges of non-storm water runoff and pollutants from the storm drain systems. The Permit requires Responsible Agencies in each of the region's watersheds to develop Water Quality Improvement Plans (WQIP)s. The Carlsbad Watershed Management Area (WMA) Water Quality Improvement Plan was developed in response to the requirements ofthe 2013 Permit. The 2013 Permit is fundamentally based on watershed-based program planning and program outcomes. The Permit's intent is to enable jurisdictions to focus their resources and efforts to "effectively prohibit non-storm water discharges to its MS4, reduce pollutants in storm water discharges from its MS4...and achieve the interim and final numeric goals..." This approach represents a paradigm shift from previous permits that led jurisdictions to essentially implement the same activities at the same frequencies throughout their jurisdictions with little or no regard for prioritizing water quality conditions and sources of pollutants that occurred within geographically-based areas. The purpose of the Carlsbad WMA WQIP is to guide the Responsible Agencies' Jurisdictional Runoff Management Programs (JRMP)s toward achieving improved water quality in MS4 discharges and receiving waters. Through the WQIP, priorities and goals are established and strategies selected for implementation through the Responsible Agencies' JRMPs to progress toward improvements in water quality. This approach establishes the WQIP as the overarching plan that each Responsible Agency will use to develop and implement their jurisdictional programs. Responsible Parties' JRMPs contain the strategies, standards and protocols by which each Responsible Agency will implement their individual program in response to the priorities and goals established in the WQIP. The Responsible Agencies within the Carlsbad Watershed Management Area include the following agencies: • City of Carlsbad • City of Encinitas • City of Escondido • City of Oceanside • City of San Marcos • City of Solana Beach • City of Vista • County of San Diego Figure ES-1 below shows the six major watersheds that make up the Carlsbad WMA. Each watershed or hydrologic area (HA) has specific characteristics that distinguish it from the others including draining to separate receiving water bodies. The Carlsbad WQIP development was initiated during the summer of 2013. The plan will be implemented through the effective period of the 2013 Permit - anticipated to be mid-2018. The RWQCB has indicated that the next permit to be adopted in 2018 will be substantially the same as the current permit. The intention of the RWQCB is to allow the long-term process of the WQIP implementation to mature rather than redirecting the Responsible Agencies' programs after only several years of implementation - another significant change from previous permitting processes. ES-i Figure ES-1: Carlsbad Watershed Management Area The Carlsbad WMA WQIP includes several major components: Priority Water Quality Conditions: after assessing available data sets, the water quality conditions in the watershed were prioritized and several were identified as those that Responsible Agencies would focus their program efforts - these are identified as highest and priority water quality conditions. This does not mean that other water quality conditions or pollutants are to be ignored. To the contrary, many water quality conditions are related to one another in terms of the strategies selected to address them. Selected strategies to address priority water quality conditions are also effective at addressing many other pollutants and water quality conditions. Table ES-1 summarizes the Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions identified across the entire WMA. Analyzing data and information on a geographical basis allows the Agencies to prioritize water quality issues based on what is occurring geographically - leading to focused goals and strategies to address issues related to the geographic areas. Table ES-1: Carlsbad WMA Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions Waterbody Condition Hydrologic Area Loma Alta Slough Eutrophic Loma Alta Hydrologic Area Buena Vista Lagoon Indicator Bacteria Buena Vista Creek Hydrologic Area Agua Hedionda Creek Indicator Bacteria Agua Hedionda Hydrologic Area Pacific Ocean at Moonlight Beach Indicator Bacteria San Marcos Hydrologic Area (Cottonwood Creek Sub-Drainage Area) Escondido Creek Indicator Bacteria Escondido Creek Hydrologic Area San Elijo Lagoon Indicator Bacteria Escondido Creek Hydrologic Area ES-ii Numeric Goals and Schedules: the WQIP establishes goals related to the highest priority water quality conditions. Furthermore, schedules for achieving these goals are included in the WQIP. Together, the goals and schedules establish the targets that the Responsible Agencies use for both establishing their programs as well as measuring progress and achievement. Each highest priority water quality condition has established interim and final goals and schedules. Table ES-2 below is an example of a set of goals related to reduction of dry weather discharges from specified storm drain systems. Interim goals are intended to mark temporal milestones to evaluate the progress that Responsible Agencies are making towards final goals. If goals are not met or conversely exceeded, that information can be used by the Agencies to adapt their programs to become as efficient and effective as resources allow. Table ES-2: Example Interim and Final Goals for Dry Weather Discharges from Specific Storm Drain Outfalls Interim Goal Interim Goal Interim Goal Interim Goal Final Goal (2013-2018) (2018-2023) (2023-2028) (2028-2033) (2033-2038) 2018 2023 2028 2033 2038 10% reduction in 20% reduction in 40% reduction in 60% reduction in 80% reduction in anthropogenic surface anthropogenic surface anthropogenic surface anthropogenic surface anthropogenic surface water runoff water runoff water runoff water runoff water runoff Strategies and Schedules: the WQIP identifies the strategies, or activities/best management practices (BMPs), that the Responsible Agencies will implement to address the priority water quality conditions to progress towards achieving the numeric goals within the schedules identified. In addition to identifying the strategies, the WQIP identifies schedules for development (in some cases) and implementation of the strategies. Strategies include a wide including, but not limited to: range of activities. inspections at regulated facilities or sites; street sweeping and cleaning of storm drains; constructing structural and low impact development BMPs; requiring regulated entities (e.g., businesses, construction sites, residents) to implement BMPs; educating the general public on water quality issues; partnering with organizations to complete programs/projects; and enforcement actions against violators of Responsible Agencies' municipal codes. Figure ES-2: Low Impact Design BMP Figure ES-3: Construction Site BMPs Implemented ES-iii Monitoring and Assessment: the WQIP includes a monitoring and assessment program that is intended to measure the progress towards meeting the numeric goals established as well as improvements in Responsible Agencies' discharges and the receiving water bodies. Detailed Monitoring Plans for the Carlsbad WMA are separate documents and are available at the Project Clean Water Website - www.projectcleanwater.org. Iterative Approach and Adaptive Management: the WQIP is intended to be a living planning document that, through established long-term cycles, is assessed and updated to reflect collected data and input. The Responsible Agencies will use information learned from plan implementation and water quality monitoring to improve management decisions related to water quality conditions, numeric goals, strategies and associated schedules. The typical cycle for the implementation, assessment and the next planning phase is illustrated in the figure below. Figure ES-4: Dry Weather Monitoring Five Year Cycle Figure ES-5: Iterative Process to Inform Adaptive Management Process WQIP Development Process The WQIP was developed over a two-year period after the Permit was adopted in May 2013. The development process set phased benchmarks for the development and submittal of the components of the WQIP. Phase 1 focused on the priority water quality conditions and identification of highest and focused priority water quality conditions. Phase 2 focused on the identification of water quality numeric goals and schedules for achieving the goals as well as selection of water quality improvement strategies to address the sources of pollutants contributing to the highest and focused priority water quality conditions. Phase 3 of the process included the development of the monitoring and assessment program that are integral to the WQIP iterative process. ES-iv During the two-year development process, public participation was a critical element. The WQIP process relied heavily on an active public that led to a greater amount of public participation than in previous MS4 Permit related water quality planning processes. The public participation process included four primary components: 1) Public Input in Response to Calls for Data 2) Public Workshops 3) Water Quality Improvement Consultation Panel 4) RWQCB Public Comment Periods During the plan development process, the Responsible Agencies held two public workshops to inform the public of the WQIP process and solicit input for water quality conditions; sources contributing to water quality conditions; strategies to address the sources; numeric goals and associated schedules. As a result ofthe solicitations, the public provided a variety of data and information for consideration in the planning process. The Responsible Agencies selected a Consultation Panel from interested candidates. The goal of the Consultation Panel was to provide recommendations to the Responsible Parties during the development ofthe Water Quality Improvement Plan. The Consultation Panel members are: Table ES-3: Carlsbad WMA Water Quality Improvement Consultation Panel Figure ES-6: Water Quality Improvement Consultation Panel Briefing - January 22, 2014 Name Representing Status Ms. Laurie Walsh RWQCB Primary Mr. Eric Becker RWQCB Alternate Mr. Gregory McBain Environmental Community Primary Mr. Brad Roth (replaced Mr. Doug Gibson) Environmental Community Alternate Mr. Steve Gruber Development Community Primary Mr. Tory Walker Development Community Alternate As Responsible Agencies delivered the two phased submittals to the RWQCB, 30-day public comment periods were initiated and facilitated by RWQCB staff. Each of the public comment periods yielded comments for consideration in the WQIP. WQIP Implementation The Responsible Agencies will implement the strategies, monitoring and assessment programs as described in the Carlsbad WQIP. Strategy implementation details are described in the eight Responsible Agencies' jurisdictional programs. The monitoring program details are described in the program specific monitoring plans. All of the related documents are available on the Project Clean Water website - www.projectcleanwater.org. ES-v This page intentional for printing purpose 0^ ES-vi 1 Introduction 1.1 Background and Watershed Description The San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) adopted Order R9-2013-0001, a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems Permit (MS4 Permit or Permit) on May 8, 2013^ (RWQCB, 2013). Provision B of the Permit requires Responsible Agencies, in each of the region's Watershed Management Areas (WMA)s to develop Water Quality Improvement Plans (WQIP)s. Through the WQIP approach, highest priority water quality conditions within the WMA are identified and strategies are implemented through the Responsible Agencies' Jurisdictional Runoff Management Programs (JRMP)s to progress toward improvements in water quality. The plans contain an adaptive planning and management process and a public participation component. The Responsible Agencies within the Carlsbad WMA include the following municipalities: • City of Carlsbad • City of Encinitas • City of Escondido • City of Oceanside • City of San Marcos • City of Solana Beach • City of Vista • County of San Diego 7^ MilOT Roadways | | Carlsbad WMA Rivers and Creeks Hydrologic Areas IB Waterbodies Upper San Marcos Creek I Municipal Boundaries | Watershed Management Areas Figure 1: Carlsbad Watershed Management Area The Carlsbad WMA is approximately 211 square miles and is formed by a group of six individual watersheds in northern San Diego County - see Figure 1 above. The WMA is bordered by the San Luis Rey River WMA to the north and by the San Dieguito River WMA to the south. It reaches inland nearly ^ See httD://www.swrcb.ca.gov/rwacb9/water issues/programs/stormwater/ Introduction 1 24 miles to just northeast of Lake Wohlford. The maximum elevation of the WMA is approximately 2,400 feet and it extends to sea level at the Pacific Ocean. The Carlsbad WMA is made up of six distinct Hydrologic Areas (HA)s: Loma Alta, Buena Vista Creek, Agua Hedionda, Encinas, San Marcos Creek, and Escondido Creek. Due to the impoundment of waters at Lake San Marcos, the San Marcos HA is split into two separate drainage areas: the drainage area above Lake San Marcos (aka Upper San Marcos Creek); and the drainage area below Lake San Marcos (aka Lower San Marcos Creek). The WMA includes the entire Cities of Carlsbad, San Marcos and Encinitas and portions of the cities of Oceanside, Vista, Escondido, Solana Beach, and San Diego County unincorporated areas. The jurisdictional breakdown (by land area) for each of the six Hydrologic Areas (watersheds) is shown in Table 1. Table 1: Jurisdictional Breakdown of Carlsbad WMA Jurisdictional Breakdown Watershed (HA No.) Receiving Waterbody(ies) Size (sq.mi.) Percentage of WMA (%] Carlsbad (%) Encinitas (%) Escondido {%) Oceanside (%) San Diego County (%) San Marcos (%) Solana Beach (%) Vista (%) Carlsbad WMA (904) 211.5 100 18 9 13 8 32 11 1 8 Loma Alta (904.10) Loma Alta Slough and Pacific Ocean 9.8 4.5 97 3 Buena Vista Creek (904.20) Buena Vista Lagoon and Pacific Ocean 22.6 11 19 25 11 45 Aqua Hedionda (904.30) Aqua Hedionda and Pacific Ocean Lagoon 29.4 14 41 6 24 5 24 Encinas (904.40) Pacific Ocean 5.4 2.5 100 San Marcos (904.50) Batiquitos Lagoon and Pacific Ocean 59.7 28 29 15 5 18 33 Escondido Creek (904.60) San Elijo Lagoon and Pacific Ocean 84.6 40 11 29 55 4 1 1.2 Purpose The purpose of the Carlsbad WQIP is to guide the Responsible Agencies' JRMPs toward achieving improved water quality in Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) discharges (or storm water discharges) and receiving water bodies. Responsible Agencies' JRMPs contain the strategies, standards and protocols by which each Responsible Agency will implement their individual program in response to the priorities and goals established in the WQIP. An important note for consideration regarding the Carlsbad WQIP is the context within which the MS4 permit and the WQIP operate. The permit regulates discharges from the Copermittees' MS4 systems prior to discharge into receiving water bodies, therefore, some conditions may be outside of the Copermittees' purview. The Permit's intent is to enable jurisdictions to focus their resources and efforts to "effectively prohibit non-storm water discharges to its MS4, reduce pollutants in storm water discharges from its MS4 to the Introduction 2 Maximum Extent Practicable (MEP), and achieve the interim and final numeric goals..." (RWQCB, 2013). Furthermore, the Permit also states that "Where appropriate. Watershed Management Areas may be separated into subwatersheds to focus water quality prioritization and juriscJictional runoff management program implementation efforts by receiving water" (RWQCB, 2013). This approach represents a paradigm shift from previous permits that led jurisdictions to essentially implement the same activities throughout their jurisdictions with little or no regard for prioritizing water quality conditions, sources and pollutant generating activities that occurred within geographically-based areas. Although topographic features define watershed areas, characteristics of the watershed areas have direct influence on non-storm water discharges and pollutants in storm water discharges, and ultimately the water quality conditions in receiving waters. When selecting strategies to positively effect changes in water quality, the following geographic characteristics should be considered: • Population Demographics • Pollutant Generating Activities • Infrastructure • Soil Conditions • Land Uses • Receiving Water Types and Features • Source Types Included in the Permit is a greater emphasis on adaptive management, whereby information from program implementation and monitoring is to be used to adapt the WQIP to become more effective in achieving water quality improvements. This employs a five-year cycle of adaptive management which includes planning, implementation and assessment phases that rely upon one another for information to improve the plan's efficiency and overall effectiveness. This cycle is illustrated in Figure 2 below. Planning Water Quality Conditions Sources Strategies Special Studies Five Year Cycle Figure 2: FIve-Year process for Planning, Implementation and Assessment of WQIP Introduction 3 During each planning process iteration, information from assessments and special studies will be used to inform the program planning process. As Responsible Agencies learn more about sources and strategies, and utilize water quality monitoring data and analyses, informed plan modifications may be made to the WQIP to: 1) Reprioritize water quality conditions; 2) Modify numeric goals and/or schedules; 3) Improve and/or expand the selection of water quality improvement strategies; and 4) Make general improvements to the plan. The WQIP is intended to be a living planning document that, through established long-term cycles, is updated and revised^ to reflect collected data and input. As each assessment process in a cycle concludes, the WQIPs will be re-evaluated and will influence the next planning process - see Figure 3. The potential WQIP modifications identified above will be evaluated on at least a five-year cycle. These cycles will allow for the critical step of monitoring potential sources, pollutant generating activities and the effectiveness of implemented strategies. The cycle is consistent with the MS4 Permit reissuance process and provides the appropriate duration for improvements to be observed, measured and assessed. Figure 3: Long-Term WQIP Process 1.3 WQIP Development and Updates The WQIP was developed over a two-year period after the Permit was adopted in May 2013. The development process set phased benchmarks for the development and submittal of the components of the WQIP. Phase 1 focused on the Priority Water Quality Conditions (PWQC)s and identification of Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions (HPWQC)s. Phase 2 focused on the identification of water quality numeric goals and schedules for achieving the goals as well as selection of water quality Per Provision F.2.c.(l)(c) - Responsible Agencies must submit updates to the WQIP either in the WQIP Annual Reports, or as part of the Report of Waste Discharge. Introduction 4 improvement strategies to address the sources of pollutants contributing to the HPQWCs and in some cases the PWQCs. The results of Phase 1 and Phase 2 are summarized in Sections 2.1, 2.2, and 2.3. The associated submittals are included as Appendices B and C. Phase 3 of the process included the development of the Monitoring and Assessment programs that are integral to the WQIP iterative process. The iterative process, including the monitoring and assessment programs, is included in Sections, 2.4, 2.5 and 2.6. The steps taken in developing the Carlsbad WMA Water Quality Improvement Plan included identifying: 1) Prioritized water quality conditions where sufficient data is available for each Hydrologic Area within the Carlsbad WMA. From this list of prioritized water quality conditions, highest priority water quality condition(s) for each Hydrologic Area were identified. Sources that are most likely to contribute (having the greatest threat to water quality) to the highest priority water quality condition(s) for each identified condition. A list of potential water quality improvement strategies that Responsible Agencies can select for implementation, either jurisdictionally or in cooperation with other responsible agencies or entities, with the goal of improving water quality. Areas of focus where numeric goals will be established and strategies implemented to improve water quality. Numeric goals and schedules for improvements to water quality and water quality conditions. Water quality improvement strategies and schedules for implementation. The identified strategies represent the activities the Responsible Agencies will implement in order to make water quality improvements that will have positive impacts on the identified highest and priority water quality conditions. 2) Water Quality Improvement Consultation Panel Briefing - January 22, 2014 3) 4) 5) 6) 1.3.1 Public Participation Process During the two-year development process, public participation was a critical element. The WQIP process relied heavily on an active public that led to a greater amount of public participation than in previous MS4 Permit-related water quality planning processes. The public participation process included four primary components: 1) Public input in response to calls for data 2) Public workshops 3) Water Quality Improvement Consultation Panel 4) RWQCB public comment period Introduction 5 During the plan development process, the Responsible Agencies held two public workshops (November 2013 and July 2014) to inform the public of the WQIP process and solicit input for water quality conditions; sources contributing to water quality conditions; strategies to address the sources; numeric goals and associated schedules. As a result of the solicitations, the public provided a variety of data and information for consideration in the planning process. The Responsible Agencies selected a Water Quality Improvement Consultation Panel (WQICP) from interested candidates. The WQICP consists of a primary and alternate from the: RWQCB staff; development interests; and environmental community - see Table 2 below. The intent of the WQICP is to provide a "sounding board" for the developed plan elements. Serving on the WQICP is a demanding undertaking, requiring familiarity with the MS4 permit, water quality issues and a familiarity with the vast and diverse Carlsbad WMA. The Carlsbad WQICP has been Water Quality Improvement Consultation Panel Briefing - October 28, 2014 dedicated throughout the process and has provided excellent input during meetings as well as in written comment form. Table 2: Carlsbad WMA Water Quality Improvement Consultation Panel Name Representing Status Ms. Laurie Walsh RWQCB Primary Mr. Eric Becker RWQCB Alternate Mr. Gregory McBain Environmental Community Primary Mr. Brad Roth (replaced Mr. Doug Gibson) Environmental Community Alternate Mr. Steve Gruber Development Community Primary Mr. Tory Walker Development Community Alternate As Responsible Agencies delivered the two phased submittals to the RWQCB, 30-day public comment periods were initiated and facilitated by RWQCB staff. Each of the public comment periods yielded comments for consideration in final WQIP. 1.3.2 Regional Clearinghouse Responsible Agencies will use existing data-sharing templates to facilitate compilation of watershed- wide datasets for assessment and reporting purposes. Regional data-sharing templates exist for receiving water monitoring, MS4 outfall monitoring, field screening, and IDDE reporting. Responsible Agencies will make the following data and documentation available to the public on the Project Clean Water website: • Carlsbad Watershed Water Quality Improvement Plan and all updated versions with date of update • Annual Reports for the watershed Introduction 6 • Jurisdictional Runoff Management Programs document for each Responsible Agency within the watershed and all updated versions with date of update • BMP Design Manual for each Responsible Agency within the watershed and all updated versions with date of update • Reports from special studies conducted in the watershed • Monitoring data uploaded to the California Environmental Data Exchange Network (CEDEN) with links to the uploaded data • Geographic information system (GIS) data, layers, and/or shape files that are available for distribution and used to develop the maps to support the Water Quality Improvement Plan, Annual Reports, and Jurisdictional Runoff Management Programs 1.3.3 Plan Updates The Responsible Agencies will prepare annual reports and as necessary, updates to the WQIP. Updates to the WQIP will follow a similar public participation process as the WQIP development and include a solicitation for data and information, and consultation with the WQICP. Updates can be provided in the WQIP annual reports or the Report of Waste Discharge (ROWD) which is required no later than December 2017. Plan updates would include significant changes based upon the iterative process to: • Priority Water Quality Conditions • Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions • Numeric Goals and Schedules • Strategies and Schedules • Monitoring Program • Assessment Program Minor modifications to the WQIP or implementing JRMPs will be presented in JRMP and WQIP annual reports. These types of changes may include modifications to activity frequencies, inspected inventories, and areas of focus. Minor modifications may arise after short time periods based on the implementation feedback process and require quick management decisions that will support the goals and schedules selected. Introduction 7 This page intentional for printing purpose Introduction 8 2 Water Quality Improvement Plan Components 2.1 Priority Water Quality Conditions PWQCs are conditions within the WMA's receiving waters that, based on the best available data and information, warrant focused attention through the selection and implementation of water quality improvement strategies. Furthermore, "Where appropriate. Watershed Management Areas may be separated into sub-watersheds to focus water quality prioritization and Jurisdictional runoff management program implementation efforts by receiving water" (RWQCB, 2013). For the development of the initial WQIP, the planning process included both assessment and planning elements. Although previous watershed-based plans were developed and implemented, i.e.. Watershed Urban Runoff Management Plans (WURMP)s and some limited number of Watershed Management Plans (WMPs), this foundational WQIP required an assessment of a more comprehensive set of data and information, i.e., public input and data. This planning/assessment element is illustrated in Figure 4 below. Initial WQIP Development: ^ Assessment and Planning ^ Assess Receiving Waters Assess MS4 Outfalls 2011 Long-Term Effectiveness Assessment Dry Weather Monitoring Annual Regional Monitoring Report Wet Weather Monitoring (Copermittee, 3rd Party, SWAMP) Public Input Public Input Identify Numeric Goals and Schedules I Select Strategies and Schedules Identify Special Studies Figure 4: Initial WQIP Development Process - Planning Consisting of Assessment The Responsible Agencies undertook a process to collect and evaluate best available data in identifying Priority Water Quality Conditions (PWQC)s and Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions (HPWQC)s. The collected data and information is summarized in Table 3 and Table 4 below. Developing and applying a Priority Water Quality Conditions 9 prioritization process led to identifying the PWQCs and the HPWQCs for each HA in the Carlsbad WMA. The resulting PWQCs and HPWQCs are presented in Table 5 and Table 6 below. The PWQC and HPWQC process is documented as the Provision B.2. Submittal to the San Diego RWQCB on June 11, 2014 - see Appendix B. O Priority Water Quality Conditions '\r 10 ™ o CL .5 2 ill 3 ^""s 1^1 -S £ 8 _g . ill "8 I I 8 2 g IP I E ? 5 "g £ ,S £ I ^ "D 5 111 o * 1 111 s ^ 5 " ^ 11' ill CO b ll s E f 5 n "5 c ^ 9 o ° o ^ ^ £• S § §1 « Uj -S 5' .3 1 1 -5 1 £ 1 c ^ 1 (o iS b Z in ^ 2 2 t i 9 5 I 5 i F, y s I ™ a. 2 S o < y « E - = ^ i y CD b Sll CO _g 111 a I» fi 111 Is 2 2 I I •8 IS 5 „; 8 U (oioi: sooz) IU3UJSS3S5V SS3U3A|P3Ji3 Ulja^ SuOT •g|S 1^ y S S 1^ S "5 II Is 11 E 2 Qt a y 'c ' Q. £ 3 S ig •g 2 I';. 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I s 3^ ^|-2 .? -C o I i i S 3 «^ * c S i c O •= 5 8 5 lit lii a- 5 8 •= - e i £ 2 I I f Q 2 S g E € ° s ° lu >: illll •I s c 5 • 1 i 3 ll i ^ Hi! e 2 II r If-2 2 i S 5 t < s a 1 -S 3 ? ^ » a i ^ 5 SS .8 I I |5 |« S - Sl ™ to np £ £ 2 2 < - S •g •S y S ^ g g Si §1 g S 5 .° < ? 2 2 « 2- o o 01 ^ °= *-""•—>- > ,e g b 00 ° ^ 01 E H S o 3 -S o »^ ^ 3 ^ ,0. £-3 >- 5 S, C OJ .- ii 5 o 3 m 2.2 Goals identifying goals and the means to achieve them is fundamental to improving water quality in the Carlsbad WMA. Goals define realistic water quality improvement outcomes and provide direction and purpose to program planning. Numeric goals are quantifiable and assist in measuring progress towards the identified goals. WQIPs include two types of goals, interim and final numeric goals. Interim goals are intended to establish check points along the path towards achieving final numeric goals. Based on the program efforts of the Responsible Agencies and the water quality conditions prioritized for improvement, expected goals can be selected as benchmarks for program performance. Interim goals for each five-year period from WQIP approval to the anticipated final goal achievement date (including an interim goal for the current permit term) have been developed. The forthcoming Monitoring and Assessment Program will describe the mechanisms for utilizing the interim goals to measure progress and adapt program strategies, goals and schedules. Final numeric goals selected by the Responsible Agencies provide an end-point that marks achievement of desired water quality improvements. As final goals are achieved. Responsible Agencies are anticipated to adapt their programs to maintain the status of the conditions they have achieved through reaching the final numeric goals. In developing initial goal schedules, the Responsible Agencies considered the following: • Priority conditions within their jurisdictional portions of the WMA • Potential sources of pollutants and/or stressors contributing to priority conditions • Known effectiveness and efficiencies of strategies • Resources required to implement strategies • Balancing resources for competing priority areas throughout each Responsible Agencies jurisdictional boundary - within a HA,across multiple HAs or WMAs Responsible Agencies developed goals both collaboratively and individually to best address the sources and stressors within the watershed and individual jurisdictions. An individualized approach provides flexibility in selecting interim goals based on jurisdiction-specific strategies and schedules, and provides the framework for a more accurate assessment of progress towards achieving goals within each jurisdiction. There are unknowns related to establishing goals and associated schedules, including: baseline MS4 discharge conditions; site specific source pollutant contributions; and strategy effectiveness. Based on these uncertainties, the initial established goals and schedules are expected to be dynamic. As the Responsible Agencies establish baseline conditions, implement strategies and analyze assessment data, it is expected that the goals and schedules will change through an iterative and adaptive management process. Identified goals are included in each of the Hydrologic Area sections in Section 3 of this WQIP. Some goals were developed for an individual focus area or groups of focus areas, and some were developed for waterbodies. Numeric Goal Example One of the primary goals identified through the process is the reduction of anthropogenic dry weather surface flows from MS4 outfalls. This goal is prevalent in many of the focus areas of the WMA. This goal has many overall benefits to water quality improvements, including, but not limited to the following: • Demonstration that programs are effective at eliminating dry weather discharges which are generally prohibited • Eliminating flow eliminates the transport mechanism for pollutants to reach receiving waters • Eliminating flow eliminates water necessary for bacteria growth and regrowth within the MS4 system Goals 16 2.3 Strategies Each jurisdiction has developed a suite of strategies as a means to achieving the identified goals. The term strategies in the WQIP includes: • Planning Efforts • Structural Best Management Practices • Program Best Management Practices and/or Program Core Strategies^ • Requiring Best Management Practices of Regulated Entities • Incentives Implemented strategies are intended to achieve the following objectives: 1) Effectively prohibit non-storm water discharges to the MS4; 2) Reduce pollutants in storm water discharges from the MS4 to the MEP; 3) Protect the beneficial uses of receiving waters from MS4 discharges; and/or 4) Achieve the interim and final numeric goals identified by the RAs. As part of the June 2014 B.2 Report, a list of potential strategies (nonstructural and structural) was developed by the Responsible Agencies based on public input, previous JRMP and WURMP activities and effectiveness assessment results, enhancements to JRMP activities, and additional strategies anticipated to be effective at addressing PWQC. This list was used as a guide by Responsible Agencies to identify strategies appropriate for their jurisdictions. From the potential strategies identified in the June 2014 B.2 Report the Responsible Agencies selected strategies to implement through their JRMPs. The combination of strategies has been selected to achieve one or more of the objectives listed above. Identified strategies for implementation are presented in the Hydrologic Area sections in Section 3 of this WQIP. 2.3.1 Geographic Characteristics Although topographic features define watershed areas, characteristics of the watershed areas have direct influence on non-storm water discharges and pollutants in storm water discharges, and ultimately the water quality conditions in receiving waters. The Carlsbad WMA Responsible Agencies considered the following characteristics when selecting and designing strategies to improve water quality: • Population Demographics • Infrastructure • Land Uses • Potential Pollutant Sources - types and characteristics • Pollutant Generating Activities • Soil Conditions • Receiving Water Types and Features In the Carlsbad WMA there are six distinct HAs each with their own unique features and characteristics, which lead the Responsible Agencies to identify PWQCs and associated strategies specific to the HA - see Figure 1. ^ Program core strategies are base strategies implemented by the Responsible Agencies. These strategies generally prescribed in the MS4 Discharge Permits. The strategies include but are not limited to: Administrative BMPs; inspections; enforcement; education; street sweeping; IVIS4 inspections/cleaning; and monitoring. Strategies 17 ^0 2.3.2 Geographic Prioritization The 2013 Permit states that "Where appropriate, Watershed Management Areas may be separated into subwatersheds to focus water quality prioritization and jurisdictional runoff management program implementation efforts by receiving water" (RWQCB, 2013). This represents a paradigm shift from previous permits where Responsible Agencies implemented the same activities throughout their jurisdictions. The 2013 Permit allows jurisdictions to prioritize and focus program efforts based on geographic area characteristics leading to more effective and efficient implementation of strategies to address priority conditions. Responsible Agencies may consider the following information when using the geographic prioritization approach. This list is not exclusive and includes examples of relevant information used in the prioritization processes. • Balancing resources for competing priority areas throughout each RAs jurisdictional boundary - within a hydrologic area or across multiple hydrologic areas or watershed management areas. • Historical issues with specific sources, manifested in terms of discharges, enforcement or poor BMP implementation may be an indicator of pollutant discharge sources that can be eliminated. • Persistently flowing outfalls within specific areas may be caused by unauthorized non-storm water discharges. • Historical monitoring data may show areas of concern where pollutant concentrations may be above action levels and can indicate source contributors that need abatement. • Older areas may have infrastructure that allows more outdoor/exposed impacts than newer development areas where more activities are conducted indoors. • Areas with existing Treatment Control BMPs may be less of a focus because it is implied that there is adequate treatment for dry weather runoff and smaller wet weather events. • Housing developments with relatively large amounts of turf or vegetated areas (common areas, yards, vegetated slopes, etc.) may have higher rates of irrigation runoff than other areas. • Multi-Family Residential areas have a relatively high intensity of use, for example, there are more vehicles, parking areas and more litter. These areas usually have shared trash areas and common landscaped areas. The higher concentration of people can create a higher concentration of trash and pollutants with the potential to enter the MS4. • Industrial and Commercial Facilities have a variety of businesses and wastes creating different types of possible discharges. Some facilities may have areas outside where chemicals or wastes are stored, creating the potential for pollutants to be washed away into the MS4 during rain events. • Municipal Properties may include open areas, parks or street medians. These areas may require irrigation, creating the potential for irrigation runoff. • Ability to effectively measure progress towards established goals, e.g., safe and accessible monitoring locations. • Amount and distribution of natural open space within each Hydrologic Area. Responsible Agencies considered a combination of criteria during the final strategy selection process. The following is an example listing of some criteria the Responsible Agencies considered: • Preference to strategies that target HPWQCs, and those that provide multiple benefits, e.g., benefitting PWQCs and other pollutants • Geographic focus areas, e.g., land-use, physical characteristics, demographics • Anticipated effectiveness at addressing sources that may be impacting HPWQCs and PWQCs • Anticipated social impacts, e.g., strategies that require perceived inconveniences to the general public may not be effective due to lacking participation Strategies 18 • Balancing resources for competing priority areas throughout each Responsible Agencies jurisdictional boundary - within a hydrologic area or across multiple hydrologic areas or watershed management areas The Responsible Agencies evaluated their existing programs, the potential for incorporating enhancements and new administrative programs, and the types of structural BMPs that may be considered, if warranted and appropriate for the jurisdiction. All aspects of their JRMPs were evaluated, which provided the necessary baseline for existing nonstructural solutions and suggested areas where enhanced or restructured activities might be more successful. Funding for identified strategies may affect the timeline for the development and initiation of the plan. The proposed schedules reflect the anticipated time needed and a staggered approach for strategy implementation in order to accommodate uncertainties. At this stage of the WQIP process, the strategies list may not reflect all strategies that are currently being implemented by Responsible Agencies or other entities. However, the list does capture most strategies that jurisdictions are currently focusing efforts and resources. It is important to note that the suite of strategies (i.e., program core strategies and other water quality improvement strategies) that will be implemented are generally not pollutant-specific. Therefore, the collective strategies are expected to have positive impacts on multiple PWQCs identified in addition to HPWQCs. Similar to the goals, in the early stages of the WQIP process, the selected strategies and schedules are expected to be dynamic. As the Responsible Agencies implement the strategies and assess data, it is expected that strategies and schedules will change through an iterative and adaptive management process. These changes would be presented in future WQIP reports and updates. 2.3.3 Optional Strategies The Responsible Agencies have designated some of the selected strategies as optional. These strategies are considered optional for various reasons including: • Current funding or resources may not be available for implementation • Viewed as subsequent in strategy implementation progression - may be implemented if other strategies are determined to be ineffective or inefficient • Confirmed approval by governing bodies for implementation is pending 2.3.4 Watershed Management Area Analysis The Carlsbad WMA Responsible Agencies have participated in the development of a Watershed Management Area Analysis (WMAA) - see Appendix D. The purpose of the WMAA is to: 1) Characterize the WMA through identification of physical characteristics and compilation of the data into Geographical Information System (GIS) mapping; 2) Use the WMA characterization as a resource for identification of potential candidate projects for Offsite Alternative Compliance (OAC) options for fulfilling applicable Land Development requirements ofthe MS4 permit; 3) Use the WMA characterization as a resource for identifying areas within the WMA where exemptions from hydromodification management requirements would be appropriate. Characterization The attached Carlsbad WMAA provides GIS mapping that characterize the WMAs by providing the following: Strategies 19 1) Description of dominant hydrologic processes, such as areas where infiltration or overland flow likely dominates; 2) Description of existing streams in the watershed, including bed material and composition, and if they are perennial or ephemeral; 3) Current and anticipated future land uses; 4) Potential coarse sediment yield areas; and 5) Locations of existing flood control structures and channel structures, such as stream armoring, constrictions, grade control structures, and hydromodification or flood management basins. Offsite Alternative Compliance Completion of a WMAA is a required step prior to allowing OAC as an option for development/redevelopment projects. Although the WMAA has been completed. Responsible Agencies have not yet developed OAC programs. It is anticipated that those Responsible Agencies that elect to have OAC programs will develop and implement those programs in the coming years. The Responsible Agencies are also required to develop a list of candidate projects that could potentially be used as alternative compliance options in lieu of land development onsite structural BMP performance requirements. The current candidates list is provided as Appendix E. Since the Responsible Agencies are not intending to implement OAC programs until 2016 at the earliest, the candidates list is currently not comprehensive and is anticipated to be amended in coming years. Exemptions from Hydromodification Management Requirements The WMAA includes a description of the recommended exemptions from hydromodification management requirements as summarized below. Future proposed Hydromodification Management Plan exemptions would need to be approved through the WQIP Annual Update process. 1) Exempt River Reaches There are no river reaches currently recommended for exemption from hydromodification management requirements in the Carlsbad WMA. However, Escondido Creek is currently being evaluated to assess whether a hydromodification management exemption could apply to this waterbody. Based on the findings ofthe evaluation, the San Elijo Lagoon may also be evaluated. The results of these studies will be included in future Carlsbad WMAA updates. 2) Stabilized Conveyance Systems Draining to Exempt Water Bodies There are no stabilized conveyance systems currently recommended for exemption from hydromodification management requirements in the Carlsbad WMA. 3) Highly Impervious/Highly Urbanized Watersheds and Urban Infill No areas within the Carlsbad WMA are currently recommended for highly impervious/highly urbanized watershed or urban infill exemption. 4) Tidally Influenced Lagoons Based on a City of Carlsbad study^ there are several tidally influenced areas recommended for exemption including: a. Areas tributary to Buena Vista Lagoon b. Several tributary areas to Agua Hedionda Lagoon c. One tributary area to Batiquitos Lagoon The San Elijo Lagoon and other tidally influenced waterbodies may also be evaluated for exemption in future analyses " Hydromodification Exemption Analyses for Select Carlsbad Watersheds, Chang Consultants (June 10, 2013) Strategies 20 2.4 Iterative and Adaptive Management Process As a living document, the Carlsbad WMA Water Quality Improvement Plan (WQIP) will be updated in subsequent years to accommodate evolving programs and adaptations to individual or collective components of the WQIP. Plan adaptations are focused on plan improvements and ultimately achieving compliance with discharge prohibitions and receiving water limitations identified in the MS4 Permit. The cycle for updates includes program planning, implementation of the planned program, monitoring and assessment of the implemented program and determining what has been learned during the cycle to feed into the planning of the next cycle. This process of repeating cycles and program improvements constitutes the iterative and adaptive management process. Effectiveness: the capability of strategies to have an intended outcome and meet objectives Efficiency: strategies producing intended outcome(s) with minimum amount of waste, expense or unnecessary effort The iterative process will use data and information collected from implementation ofthe Carlsbad WQIP and the Responsible Agencies' JRMPs to improve programs - making them more efficient and effective through adaptations. LIGHTER/STRONGER MATERIALS ENGINE IMPROVED CLEANER TECHNOLOGY AERODYNAMICS TECHNOLOGY Figure 5 illustrates the continual process of improvement while maintaining a focus on water quality improvements. Similar to the iterations of the development of locomotive technology, the WQIP iterative process will use what is learned in each cycle to improve the process and plan. With each iteration it is expected that the plan implementation is improved and the strategies implemented are more effective at addressing water quality issues. MORE EFFECTIVE AND EFFICIENT STRATEGIES UPDATED SOURCE INFORMATION UPDATED WATER OUALITY DATA UPDATED FOCUS AREAS UPDATED GOALS AND SCHEDULES Figure 5: Demonstrated Improvements Using Iterative Process Iterative and Adaptive Management Process 21 As a result of the monitoring and assessment process, modifications may occur for the following plan components: • Priority Water Quality Conditions/ Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions • Water Quality Numeric Goals and Schedules • Water Quality Improvement Strategies and Schedules • Monitoring Program • Assessment Program Potential adaptations for each ofthe above components are discussed in the sub-sections below. Proposed modifications to WQIP components will be supported by rationale to justify the changes. Responsible Agencies will use a process of data and information collection (monitoring) and evaluation (assessment) to develop the rationale that supports modifications. Monitoring includes a variety of activities intended to collect and assemble relevant data and information that can be evaluated for potential influence on the WQIP components. Assessment includes a variety of calculations, comparisons and determinations that may or may not support WQIP component modifications. Monitoring and assessment approaches that support the iterative process are further discussed in Sections 2.5 and 2.6 below. A functional balance amongst all WQIP components exists - see Figure 6. When changes occur within one of the components, it necessitates changes in other components. For example, adaptations in strategies will require modifications to the data collection (monitoring) for the strategies to assure that the data is collected appropriately. >, Assessment Program Figure 6: Balance of Water Quality Improvement Plan Components A similar balance is used when considering resources and looking to optimize available resources for achieving improved water quality conditions. By using monitoring data and information and assessment outcomes, the Responsible Agencies can make informed decisions regarding how and where to best utilize their resources. The results of the decisions will determine program changes necessary to implement the decisions. However, program changes have the potential to take time and resources to Iterative and Adaptive Management Process 22 implement and pose unintended consequences. These considerations should also be factored when evaluating program changes. 2.4.1 Re-evaluation of Water Quality Conditions Periodically, the Responsible Agencies will re-evaluate water quality conditions to determine the Priority Water Quality Conditions based on available data and information. Receiving water quality conditions do not change substantially from year to year. However, in each assessment of available water quality data and information, the Responsible Agencies will evaluate Examples of Prompts for Adaptation of Water Quality Conditions (PWQCs and HPWQCs) • Beneficial Use(s) in receiving waters are met • Water quality monitoring data shows MS4 is not causing or contributing to water quality conditions in receiving waters • Regulatory conditions change: new or developing TMDLs, new policies whether findings demonstrate a compelling need to re- evaluate the current Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions (HPWQC)s and Priority Water Quality Conditions (PWQC)s. In the absence of such findings, the Responsible Agencies maintain that the initial HPWQCs and PWQCs should remain the focus ofthe WQIP and JRMP implementation. At a minimum, a re-evaluation of PWQCs and HPWQCs will be performed and reported in the ROWD, due to the Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) no later than December 2017. Re-evaluation of the water quality conditions will consider the best available data and information as used in the initial water quality evaluation - see Appendix B. In addition to the data and information collected and evaluated in the initial WQIP development process, the Responsible Agencies will, at a minimum, consider: • Whether water quality improvement outcomes were achieved in MS4 discharges and/or receiving waters • Data , information and recommendations provided by the public • Water quality monitoring collected after initial WQIP development including transitional monitoring data collected in 2013 and 2014 • Special studies results related to water quality conditions or MS4 sources of pollutants and/or stressors • New and developing regulations related to water quality conditions, e.g., TMDLs and policies • Revised 303(d) listings • Basin plan amendments related to water quality conditions • RWQCB recommendations The re-evaluation process will follow a process similar to that used in the initial water quality evaluation - see Appendix B. If new or modified processes are used, they will be presented in the appropriate document, e.g.. Water Quality Improvement Plan Annual Reports or the ROWD in December 2017. Examples of Outcomes from Re-Evaluating Water Quality Conditions • Adding or removing Priority Water Quality Conditions • Adding or removing Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions • Changes in Focus Areas within the WMA Based on the outcomes of the re-evaluation process, the Responsible Agencies will determine whether adaptations to the Priority Water Quality Conditions are justified. Changes to the PWQCs, HPWQCs and Focused Priority listings will be made if new conditions are identified or conversely, if assessments support removal of conditions from the current listings. Iterative and Adaptive Management Process 23 4> 2.4.2 Adaption of Goals and Schedules Numeric goals and the associated schedules for meeting interim and final goals are subject to adaptation. Achieving goals is accomplished through successful implementation of effective strategies and then appropriately monitoring and assessing the effects ofthe strategies. At a minimum, a re-evaluation of goals and schedules will be performed and reported in the ROWD, due to the Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) no later than December 2017. Re-evaluation ofthe goals and schedules will consider: • Quantitative and temporal progress toward achieving interim and final goals • New and developing regulations related to the established goals • Water quality and conditions assessments • Changes to PWQCs, HPWQCs or Focused Priorities based on re-evaluations • Data , information and recommendations provided by the public • Special studies results related to goals • RWQCB recommendations • Amount of resources applied in areas of associated established goals • Effectiveness of strategies implemented in areas of associated established goals The goals and schedules established are based upon existing conditions and many unknowns, e.g. resources necessary to implement selected water quality improvement strategies, effectiveness of selected strategies and, in many cases, the baseline water quality conditions the strategies and associated goals are intended to change. It is anticipated that the goals and schedules may be dynamic in the first few years of implementation as the Responsible Agencies continue to collect effectiveness and efficiency data and information. However, through the iterative process, the goals and schedules are expected to stabilize, along with other components ofthe WQIP. The rate of progress toward achieving interim and final goals ^ r ..i r- , ^ ^ ^ ^ Examples of Outcomes from Adapting Goals will be one of the key considerations in evaluating whether and Schedule goals and schedules should be adjusted. Using a combination • changing timelines to achieve interim of assessments. Responsible Agencies will compare the and final goals/targets anticipated (identified in goal schedules) and actual • Modifying goals/targets , r -x-j-*.*.!. • Change locations of where goals/targets measured rates of progress to determine if adjustments to * ^ ° are focused the goals or schedules are warranted. Responsible Agencies may consider the following potential prompts for adaptations to the goals and/or schedules: • When the level of effort expended (implemented strategies) does not correlate well with the rate of progress toward achieving interim and final goals • When it is determined that the selected goals do not demonstrate progress towards meeting ultimate goals of eliminating MS4 non-stormwater discharges, eliminating pollutants in MS4 stormwater discharges, or restoring/protecting beneficial uses in downstream receiving waters In order to adapt goals and schedules, assessed monitoring and strategy data will be necessary to evaluate the progress toward achieving the interim and final numeric goals. Based upon the type of goals identified, a variety of monitoring must be conducted and results ofthe monitoring assessed. The monitoring types and assessment of the collected data and information are described in general in the monitoring and assessment sections below. )\ Iterative and Adaptive Management Process 24 2.4.3 Strategies and Schedules Strategies and associated schedules are subject to adaptation through the iterative process. Modifying programs to implement the most effective and efficient strategies are an inherent objective of program improvements. When strategies are more efficient and effective, their application in larger geographic scales or greater frequencies is expected to yield measureable outcomes identified through the assessments. However, assessing strategies for the purposes of determining adaptations can be challenging; linking implementation of strategies to change in water quality conditions. At a minimum, a re-evaluation of the strategies and schedules will be performed and reported in the Report of Waste Discharge (ROWD), due to the Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) no later than December 2017. Evaluating strategies and schedules will consider many factors, including: • Quantitative and temporal progress toward achieving interim and final goals • Water quality and conditions assessments • Changes to PWQCs, HPWQCs or Focused Priorities based on re-evaluations • Data , information and recommendations provided by the public • Special studies results related to strategies • RWQCB recommendations Amount of resources applied in areas of associated established goals Although the Permit identifies steps to be taken for re-evaluation of strategies (Provision D.4.d.(2)), the Responsible Agencies will also look beyond those minimum required steps and evaluate the relative effectiveness and efficiency of implemented strategies. By comparing effectiveness and efficiencies of strategies. Responsible Agencies will be better equipped to make management decisions related to prioritization of strategies for implementation. Modifications to strategies may include, but are not limited to: • Removal or addition of strategies from the suite of implemented strategies • Modifications to the methods of strategy implementation, e.g., methods for conducting inspections • Implementation of strategies on greater or modified geographical scales • Modifications to strategy implementation schedules In order to adapt strategies and schedules, assessed monitoring and strategy data will be necessary to evaluate strategy effectiveness and efficiencies. The monitoring types and assessment of the collected data and information are described in general in the monitoring and assessment sections below. 2.4.4 Adaptation of Monitoring and Assessment Programs As previously stated, the WQIP components are interrelated; changes to one of the components will impact other components. This interrelatedness also includes the monitoring and assessment programs. Changes to PWQCs, HPWQCs, focused priorities, goals and/or strategies, affects the monitoring and assessment approaches. The types of data and information collected will vary which subsequently affects the manner in which it is assessed. At a minimum, a re-evaluation of the Monitoring and Assessment Program will be performed and reported in the ROWD, due to the Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) no later than December 2017. Iterative and Adaptive Management Process 25 Considerations the Responsible Agencies will evaluate when determining whether the Monitoring and Assessment Program will be modified include: • Sufficiency of existing monitoring programs to generate required findings, i.e., are there data gaps preventing assessments from being completed • Sufficiency of existing monitoring programs to adequately capture changes in water quality conditions or the established goal metrics, i.e., assessments can be completed, but there is not enough data to develop significant findings that provide rationale for adaptations or to justify maintaining plan components • Sufficiency of existing assessments to provide findings to provide rationale for adaptations or to justify maintaining plan components The Responsible Agencies will evaluate the Monitoring and Assessment Program by reviewing the data collected and the assessments performed. For each assessment identified in the MAP, the following will be determined: (1) Is there adequate data to perform the assessment?; and (2) Does the outcome ofthe assessment provide rationale for adaptations or to justify maintaining plan components? Based on the assessment of the monitoring and assessment programs. Responsible Agencies may elect to modify monitoring elements (while maintaining consistency with Permit requirements) as well as assessments. 2.5 Monitoring Monitoring includes a variety of activities intended to collect data and information that can be evaluated and assessed to inform the iterative process and the status of water quality related topics. In terms of the Water Quality Improvement Plan, monitoring includes collecting data and information from: • Water quality monitoring and analyses results • Program implementation including JRMP implementation • Understanding regulatory issues that may impact program function, e.g., permit reissuance, TMDLs and trash policies • Understanding new science and technologies The Responsible Agencies in the Carlsbad Watershed have developed a monitoring program to collect data and information for the following purposes: Measure progress toward achieving the goals, strategies, and schedules; Measure progress toward addressing the Highest Priority Water Quality Condition; Evaluate each Responsible Agency's overall efforts to implement the Water Quality Improvement Plan Evaluate water quality conditions in some receiving waters Measure MS4 contributions from select outfalls Provide rationale for program changes through the iterative process Measure compliance with TMDL(s) The Municipal Permit supports an outcome-based approach ^^.p Monitoring includes sampling, inspection, through the Water Quality Improvement Plan. Monitoring and data collection at beaches, creeks, lakes, data collection and assessment provides the vehicle for estuaries, and storm drain outfalls to observe determining whether intended outcomes are being realized conditions, improve understanding, and inform I J 1. 4.- £ n -Ul A • / the management within the watershed to or whether adaptations of Responsible Agencies programs o r- o improve water quality conditions are necessary. Collection and assessment of monitoring data will guide future implementation of the Responsible Agencies' management actions as part of the Water Iterative and Adaptive Management Process/Monitoring 26 Quality Improvement Plan process. Monitoring during wet and dry weather is conducted to collect observational and analytical data at MS4 outfalls and the receiving waters. The data are utilized to help Responsible Agencies determine whether discharges from MS4 outfalls are influencing receiving water conditions. Responsible Agencies assess the data in combination with their management actions to determine what actions are improving the quality of MS4 outfall discharges and receiving water conditions and where additional actions are necessary. This section provides an overview of the Water Quality Improvement Plan Monitoring Program, including permit required water quality monitoring, tracking of water quality regulations and policy, and collecting other additional information and data to evaluate strategies. 2.5.1 JRMP Program Through implementation of the JRMPs, the Responsible Agencies will have the opportunity to record relevant program implementation data and information aside from water quality data. This data and information is useful for the purposes of evaluating program implementation and determining effectiveness and efficiencies of strategies. To assess the effectiveness and efficiency of these strategies. Responsible Agencies will collect relevant data for assessment. 2.5.2 Regulations and Policy Responsible Agencies will monitor the progression of relevant water quality regulations and policies. These regulations and policies may modify the terms and conditions of compliance and influence WQIP priorities, strategies, and monitoring. These polices directly affect the Responsible Agencies' water quality programs and effective use of resources. Example regulations and policies for monitoring include: • Statewide Nutrient Policy • USEPA Recreation Water Quality Criteria • Bacteria TMDL Reopener • Ocean Plan Amendments • State-wide Quality Control Plan for Trash • State-wide Biological Integrity Assessment Implementation Plan • National Water Quality Criteria for the Protection of Human Health • USEPA Definition of the "Waters of US" • Regional Water Quality Control Board o Resolutions o Directives o Enforcement Actions • Region 9 - Triennial Review 2.5.3 Water Quality Monitoring Program The Water Quality Monitoring Program includes four major wet Weather is defined as a storm event of elements: >0.1 inch of rainfall and the following 72 hours • Monitoring to assess progress toward goals and after the end of rainfall. h duleS" Dry Weather is defined as all days where the ' preceding 72 hours have been without • Receiving water monitoring program that measurable precipitation (>o.iinch). measures the long-term health of the watershed during dry and wet weather conditions; Monitoring 27 • MS4 outfall monitoring program that investigates the elimination of dry weather flows from MS4 outfalls and the improvement in quality of the discharges from storm drains during wet weather; and • Special studies that take a further look into the Highest Priority Water Quality Condition. These program elements will generate data to track priority water quality conditions and general health and conditions within the watershed. Monitoring is conducted to: characterize overall water quality in the discharges from MS4 outfalls in addition to bacteria and nutrient levels; identify potential sources; and assess the effectiveness of strategies. This section provides an overview of each monitoring program element. The associated monitoring plans for each of the various programs described in the following sections are separate documents and are posted at the Project Clean Water website, www.projectcleanwater.org under the Carlsbad Watershed Section of the webpage. 2.5.5.1 Monitoring to Assess Progress toward Achieving Goals and Schedules Responsible Agencies have selected strategies that are expected to have multi-pollutant benefits, targeting non-storm water flows and Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions. Each Responsible Agency has established water quality interim and final goals for focus areas within hydrologic areas (HAs). In order to measure progress toward meeting established goals, data collection and monitoring elements are tailored to capture data appropriate for assessment. Descriptions of the monitoring and assessment approaches for each of the goals are provided for each focus area in Section 3. 2.5.5.2 MS4 Outfall Monitoring The purpose of the MS4 Outfall Monitoring Program is to evaluate the potential impact from MS4 discharges on the beneficial uses of the waterbody. This program seeks to answer the following question: Do non-storm water or storm water discharges from the MS4 outfalls contribute to receiving water quality problems? Table 7: MS4 Outfall Monitoring WQIP Monitoring Program Condition Monitoring Element Permit Schedule WQIP Monitoring Program Condition Monitoring Element 2013- 2014 2014- 2015 2015- 2016 2016- 2017 2017- 2018 MS4 Field Screening Dry Visual: flow condition, presence and assessment of trash in and around the station, IC/IDs • • • MS4 outfall Dry Field parameters, conventionals, bacteria', nutrients', metals --• • • MS4 outfall Wet Field parameters, conventionals, bacteria', nutrients', metals • • • Bacteria Low Flow Special Study Dry Bacteria' and flow monitoring --• • • IC/ID = illicit connection and/or illicit discharge bacteria = fecal indicator 'Bacteria and nutrient related analytical testing is related to the Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions in the Carlsbad WMA. ^Completed under the Transitional Monitoring Program in accordance with Permit Provisions D.l.a and D.2.a. Monitoring 28 Table 8 provides the number of major outfalls to be monitored under each component of the MS4 Outfall Monitoring Program by Responsible Agencies. Detailed proposed monitoring methods and procedures are presented in the MS4 Outfall Monitoring Plan. These methods and procedures may be modified on the basis of site-specific environmental conditions and updated analytical methodologies. The number of major outfalls monitored per year as shown in Table 8 are subject to change based on new information, updates to the Responsible Agencies MS4 outfall inventories, changes in transient or persistent flow classifications, and/or changes or updates to the priority water quality conditions over the life of the WQIP. These outfalls are shown in Figure 7 below. Jurisdiction Number of Outfalls Monitored Per Year Jurisdiction Field Screening Dry Weather Monitoring Wet Weather Monitoring" City of Carlsbad 144^ 5 1 City of Encinitas 54' 5 1 City of Escondido 87' 5 1 City of Oceanside 57' 5 1 City of San Marcos 39' 5 1 City of Solana Beach 2' 2' 1 City of Vista 52' 5 1 County of San Diego 14' 5 1 'For Responsible Agencies with fewer than 125 major MS4 outfalls in the watershed, 80% of major outfalls must be screened twice per year. ^For Responsible Agencies with fewer than 500 but more than 125 major MS4 outfalls in the watershed, 100% of major outfalls must be screened once per year. ^f a Responsible Agency has less than 5 major MS4 outfalls within the watershed, the Responsible Agency will be monitoring all its major MS4 outfalls with persistent flow. "At least one wet weather MS4 outfall per Responsible Agency within the watershed. MS4 Outfall Dry Weather Monitoring The purpose of the MS4 Outfall Dry Weather Monitoring Program is to evaluate the potential contribution from MS4 discharges to receiving water quality during dry weather conditions and to assess the ability of programs to effectively eliminate non-storm water discharges to waterbodies or waterways. Each Responsible Agency has established a number of major MS4 outfalls that will be screened once or twice annually. Additionally, the highest priority major MS4 outfalls with persistent dry weather flows have been selected for further water quality testing to facilitate source investigations for these outfalls. Each of the selected highest priority major MS4 outfalls will be monitored at least twice per year during dry weather conditions. During each event, field observations will be recorded, and when measureable flow is present, in-situ field measurements and analytical data will be collected. MS4 Outfall Wet Weather Monitoring The purpose of this program is to identify pollutants in storm water discharges from the MS4, guide pollutant source identification efforts, and track progress in achieving the goals. The Responsible Agencies' eight monitoring locations for the wet weather MS4 outfall discharge monitoring component were chosen to be representative of the residential, commercial, industrial, and mixed-use land uses within the Carlsbad Watershed. Each selected outfall will be monitored once per year during a storm Monitoring 29 QD C event with greater than 0.1 inch of daily rainfall. During each event, rainfall, estimated or measured flow rates, in-situ field measurements and analytical data will be collected. 2.5.3.3 Special Studies Special studies have been selected to further investigate the Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions. The purpose of the special studies is to "address pollutant and/or stressor data gaps and/or develop information necessary to more effectively address the pollutants and/or stressors that cause or contribute to Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions identified in the Water Quality Improvement Plan." The special studies will include regional special studies and special studies specific to the Carlsbad Watershed. Special studies selected for the Carlsbad Watershed will provide additional information on the Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions and goals selected by the Carlsbad Watershed's Responsible Agencies. WQIP Monitoring Program Condition Monitoring Element Schedule WQIP Monitoring Program Condition Monitoring Element 2013- 2014 2014- 2015 2015- 2016 2016- 2017 2017- 2018 San Diego Regional Reference Streams and Beaches Dry Field parameters, conventionals, bacteria' instantaneous flow 2012- 2014 --- San Diego Regional Reference Streams and Beaches Dry Streams only: nutrients', metals, algae bioassessment', including physical habitat and chlorophyll a' 2012- 2014 ---- San Diego Regional Reference Streams and Beaches Wet Field parameters, conventionals, bacteria' 2012- 2014 • --- San Diego Regional Reference Streams and Beaches Wet Streams only: nutrients', metals, toxicity, flow and precipitation (duration of storm) 2012- 2014 • --- Bight '13 Microbiology Drainage Water Study Wet, Dry Bacteria', MST' • ---- Loma Alta Slough Eutrophication Reduction Study Dry Nutrients', algae', biomass', flow monitoring -• • • Dry Weather Special Study at Selected Major Persistent Flow Outfalls Dry Bacteria' and flow monitoring -• • • 'Bacteria and nutrient related analytical testing is related to the Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions in the Carlsbad Watershed. ^The Reference Beaches Study dry weather monitoring program will be implemented during 2014-2015. The Reference Streams Study dry weather monitoring was completed in 2013-2014. Son Diego Regional Reference Streams and Beaches Studies Responsible Agencies have elected to participate in the San Diego Regional Reference Streams and Beaches Studies conducted by the San Diego and Orange County Permittees of Municipal Storm Water Permits. The studies measure levels of bacteria that account for "natural sources" to establish the concentrations or loads from streams or beaches minimally disturbed by anthropogenic activities or "reference" conditions. The Reference Stream Study also collects nutrients, metals, and toxicity data as Monitoring 31 secondary constituents. This study provides a scientific basis for updating the reference conditions to be considered in evaluating appropriate compliance levels in the Bacteria TMDL. The results of this study will be used to support the forthcoming re-evaluation of the adopted Bacteria TMDL and to support numeric target development in future TMDLs or alternative regulatory approaches for nutrients and metals. The San Diego Regional Stream Reference Study will address the following questions (SCCWRP, 2013) in streams minimally influenced by anthropogenic activities: • How does the Water Quality Objective (WQO) exceedance frequency vary between summer dry weather, winter dry weather, and wet weather? • How does the WQO exceedance frequency vary by hydrologic factors? • How does the WQO exceedance frequency vary by input factors? • How does the WQO exceedance frequency vary by biotic and abiotic factors? The San Diego Regional Reference Beaches Study will address the following questions (SCCWRP, 2013) in beaches minimally influenced by anthropogenic activities: • How does the WQO exceedance frequency vary between summer dry weather, winter dry weather, and wet weather? • How does the WQO exceedance frequency vary by hydrologic factors, including discharge flow rate (wet and dry weather)? • What is the status of estuary mouth (open/closed; dry weather only)? • What are the wet and dry weather exceedance frequencies of fecal indicator bacteria in estuaries? A total of six locations were selected for wet weather monitoring and up to 10 locations were selected for dry weather monitoring. Sites were selected to represent 95 percent undeveloped land uses (reference conditions), two major geologic settings, and the target catchment sizes. Wet weather sampling frequency at the six locations consists of three targeted events throughout the wet season (October 1 through April 31). Water samples will be analyzed for a combination of conventional constituents, nutrients, metals, fecal indicator bacteria, microbial source testing, and algae. Of these constituents, Enterococcus, E. co//, fecal coliform, total coliform, Bacteroides, and in-situ parameters are of primary importance; all other analytes are considered secondary. Loma Alta Slough Eutrophication Reduction Study The Loma Alta Slough has been on the Clean Water Act Section 303(d) list for impairments related to eutrophication since 1996. The RWQCB has been working with stakeholders since 2008 to develop a strategy to address the impairment, which occurs during the summer months when macroalgae growth in the Slough leads to the eutrophic condition. A draft TMDL was calculated for the Slough but has not yet been put into action; instead, the RWQCB has given the City of Oceanside the opportunity to use the existing Permit and its own set of strategies to address the impairment. This voluntary study involves a long-term water quality monitoring program for the Loma Alta Slough to assess the effectiveness of the City of Oceanside's watershed management efforts through tracking the levels of nutrients and algae growth during the summer impairment period. It will also utilize monitoring data from MS4 outfalls discharging to Loma Alta Creek, which is required pursuant to Provision D.2.b ofthe Permit. The study is directly related to nutrients, the Highest Priority Water Quality Condition in the Loma Alta Creek HSA. This special study is presented in the Loma Alta Hydrologic Area section of this WQIP - see Section 3.1 for more details. Monitoring 32 Dry Weather Special Study at Selected Major Persistent Flow Outfalls A Dry Weather Special Study will be developed to characterize temporal flow and fecal indicator bacteria patterns at selected persistently flowing major MS4 outfalls during summer dry weather conditions. This study will include continuous flow monitoring at select outfalls to better understand dry weather flow profiles at different times of the day. The special study is related to indicator bacteria, which has been identified as a Highest Priority Water Quality Condition for the City of Carlsbad, City of Escondido, City of San Marcos, City of Solana Beach, and City of Vista and will be implemented in priority areas within their respective jurisdictions. The special study will be conducted by the various cities in a variety of different geographic locations throughout the WMA. The data will be collected and assessed for each location where data is collected and also collectively with all special study data considered. This special study is presented in the Buena Vista Creek, Agua Hedionda, San Marcos and Escondido Creek Hydrologic Area sections of this WQIP - see Sections 3.2, 3.3, 3.5 and 3.6 for more information. Microbiology Drainage Water Study Plan MS4 drainages may greatly influence the exceedance frequency of water quality standards for Enterococcus, a type of fecal indicator bacteria at beaches. However, as stated in the Bight '13 Microbiology Drainage Water Study Work Plan, "because Enterococcus is a non-specific indicator of fecal material, the extent to which these flows contain human fecal contamination is unclear". The goal of the study is to assess the extent of human fecal contamination from coastal drainages to the ocean to inform managers as to the extent of the problem and to assist in prioritizing individual sites for remediation efforts or adoption of alternative management strategies (Griffith, 2010). The City of Encinitas will conduct this special study within the local Moonlight Beach area. This special study is presented in the San Marcos Hydrologic Area section of this WQIP - see Section 3.5 for more information. 2.5.3.4 Receiving Water Monitoring The purpose of the receiving water monitoring program is to characterize trends in the chemical, physical, and biological conditions of a receiving water to determine whether beneficial uses are protected, maintained, or enhanced. Long-term monitoring occurs during both wet and dry weather conditions for water quality, along with physical and biological integrity. Sediment quality monitoring and participation in regional monitoring occur as well. TMDL monitoring is also incorporated into the receiving water monitoring program. Receiving water monitoring comprises the following programs: • Long-term receiving water monitoring • Toxicity identification evaluation/toxicity reduction evaluation, if appropriate • Regional monitoring participation • Sediment quality monitoring • TMDL monitoring The receiving water programs are designed to answer one or more of the following questions: • Are conditions in the receiving water protective, or likely protective, of beneficial uses? • What are the extent and magnitude of the current or potential receiving water problems? • Are the conditions in the receiving water getting better or worse? Table 10 on the following page identifies the Receiving Water Monitoring Program for the Carlsbad WMA. Descriptions of the Receiving Water Monitoring Program elements are provided below starting with Long-Term Receiving Water Monitoring. Monitoring 33 <S3 3 T3 <V E ro U) o I- Q. bO c c o (U re c > "53 u Q: 6 rH .n re O 5 £ 2 I •c .2 c o a. i Q- o 4 ^ V- ~ o .!5 -D X) O .ti "D .9 01 •- C 0) T3 QJ E .!£! - - E ro Q) -Q E > o 5-. DD C > 0) CC E TJ O o o .y QJ ro OJ JZ u O) o E a Q) O E O) QJ TD cc: or .c ^— o ro QJ CD 1— JZ (O ap ai C O (J O Ba 2 o QD - .E b si 2 ro I- c OJ o ro ao § b .°p U X ^ .no LT) CO ^ ci O T3 c ro -a 3 o Cf :^ b 2 ro °- It ~ QJ cn QJ rH X o y o 00 ro i! B E ro ro DO C Q_ DO o 'i . ~ro es O c Q ytical c DD ytical o (U CC ro "ro c C ro o cb "O ro QJ Vl 'c -t—' c ro ro ._P 0) 1— c he" ro U QJ 4—* c Iz 0) QJ TJ -tr C TJ C r3 out C TJ I/) TO ro QJ QJ CXD "i_ O QJ CL E QJ ro o JZ b T3 Ul .E QJ o ^ c QJ J±! H OO c •- m o Long-Term Receiving Water Monitoring Long-term receiving water monitoring tracks the overall health of the receiving waters. Unless modified, dry and wet weather monitoring will continue at the historical mass loading station (EC-MLS) located on Escondido Creek. Responsible Agencies have monitored EC-MLS since 2001 and have selected this location as the long-term monitoring location for the Carlsbad WMA. The land uses in the surrounding drainage area for EC-MLS are primarily residential with open space, and commercial. The location of EC- MLS is shown in Figure 7 above. Station ID Latitude Longitude Cross Street Description Channel Type Jurisdiction EC-MLS 33.0482901 -117.226032 El Camino Del Norte Bridge Natural Channel City of Encinitas Source: Transitional Receiving Water Monitoring Plan (Weston, 2014a) In each five-year cycle this site, unless modified, will be monitored three times during dry weather and three times during wet weather. This monitoring program is designed to monitor the Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions in the receiving water, along with a comprehensive list of constituents based on the Clean Water Act Section 303(d) list (303(d) list) impairments, non-storm water action levels (NALs) or storm water action levels (SALs). Toxicity Identification Evaluations (TIE)s Toxicity Reduction Evaluations (TRE)s will be conducted if necessary (see below). Once per five-year cycle during dry weather, a bioassessment will be conducted to evaluate chemical, physical, and biological data, and hydromodification monitoring will record the stream conditions, habitat integrity, and impacts. Detailed monitoring methods and procedures are presented in the Receiving Water Monitoring Plan. The methods and procedures may be modified on the basis of site-specific environmental conditions and updated analytical methodologies. Toxicity Identification Evaluation/Toxicity Reduction Evaluation If chronic toxicity is detected in receiving waters, the Copermittees will evaluate the need for conducting a Toxicity Identification Evaluation (TIE)/Toxicity Reduction Evaluation (TRE). A TIE is a set of procedures to identify specific chemicals or conditions responsible for toxicity; a TRE is a study designed to identify causative agents of effluent or ambient toxicity, isolate its sources, evaluate effectiveness of toxicity control options, and confirm reduction of toxicity. An outline of the process to identify chronic toxicity and prioritize the need to implement a TIE/TRE on the basis of the magnitude and persistence of chronic toxicity is presented in the TIE/TRE Work Plan. Regional Monitoring Participation Regional monitoring includes separate studies that evaluate various aspects of receiving water health on a regional scale. The Carlsbad Responsible Agencies participate in three separate regional programs: (1) Bight Regional Monitoring; (2) Stormwater Monitoring Coalition Regional Monitoring; and (3) Hydromodification Regional Monitoring Program. Descriptions of each program are provided below. Bight Regional Monitoring The Bight regional monitoring program is a multi-agency collaborative effort to assess the ecological condition of the Southern California Bight from a regional perspective. The core program consists of monitoring of sediment chemistry, sediment toxicity, and benthic infauna. The goals of past Bight programs are to answer three primary questions: • What are the extent and magnitude of direct impact from sediment contaminants? • How do the extent and magnitude of the environmental impact vary by habitat? • What is the trend in extent and magnitude of direct impacts from sediment contaminants? Assessment Page 35 Sediment quality monitoring was conducted during summer 2013 at a total of 22 sites in 9 estuaries and lagoons in the San Diego region, including Agua Hedionda, Batiquitos, and San Elijo Lagoons, under the Southern California Bight 2013 Regional Monitoring Survey (Bight '13) (Weston, 2014c). Responsible Agencies will participate in planning Bight '18 monitoring programs in coming years. Stormwater Monitoring Coalition (SMC) Regional Monitoring Since 2001, Responsible Agencies have partnered with regulated storm water municipalities in southern California, the RWQCBs of southern California, and the Southern California Coastal Water Research Project (SCCWRP) to form the Southern California Stormwater Monitoring Coalition (SMC). The goals of the SMC are to standardize monitoring, improve understanding of storm water mechanics, and identify receiving water impacts from storm water (SCCWRP, 2002). The Responsible Agencies will continue participation in the SMC Regional Bioassessment Program. Hydromodification Regional Monitoring Program The San Diego County Regional Copermittees have developed a regional Hydromodification Management Plan (HMP) to address impacts to beneficial uses and stream habitat from increased erosive force potentially caused by a rise in runoff discharge rates and volume from Priority Development Projects (County of San Diego, 2011). The HMP was initially developed to meet the requirements of the 2007 Municipal Permit. The Monitoring Plan is defined in Chapter 8 of the HMP, and was updated by the Copermittees and accepted by the RWQCB in February 2014. The HMP requires monitoring with a final report due to the RWQCB in December 2016. Monitoring consists of channel sediment transport assessments and continuous flow monitoring of pre-project, post-project, and reference conditions. The Responsible Agencies participate in this regional monitoring program through cost sharing and collaboration with other regional Copermittees. Sediment Quality Monitoring Sediment quality monitoring is designed to assess compliance with the sediment quality receiving water limits applicable to enclosed bays and estuaries in accordance with the State Water Board's Water Quality Control Plan for Enclosed Bays and Estuaries of California - Part I Sediment Quality (Sediment Control Plan). Sediment quality monitoring includes the preparation of a Sediment Quality Monitoring Plan that satisfies the requirements of the Sediment Control Plan. The requirements of the sediment quality monitoring are: • Elements required under Sections VII.D and VILE of the Sediment Control Plan • Quality Assurance Project Plan • Schedule for completion of sample collection, analysis, and reporting The Responsible Agencies propose to conduct one round of sediment sampling during each Permit term. The second required round of sampling will be satisfied by conducting additional follow-up sampling in the vicinity of possibly impacted sites identified in the first round. The Sediment Quality Monitoring Plan and Quality Assurance Project Plan describe detailed proposed monitoring procedures and analytical methods that are illustrative and may change on the basis of site environmental conditions and updated methodologies. TMDL Monitoring TMDL provisions, schedules, and monitoring requirements are provided in Attachment E of the MS4 Permit. The purpose of the monitoring program is to track progress toward achieving compliance with interim and final TMDL numeric targets. The Bacteria TMDL in Permit Attachment E.6 is applicable to the San Marcos HA. Monitoring is designed to meet compliance with the monitoring requirements of the Assessment Page 36 TMDL. Compliance monitoring during wet and dry weather will be conducted each year at the AB411 monitoring site (EH-420) located within the Pacific Ocean shoreline segment at Moonlight State Beach. This TMDL compliance monitoring site is shown on Figure 7 above. See Section 3.5, San Marcos HA for more information regarding TMDL monitoring. 2.6 Assessment Assessment is the link between data collection, i.e. water quality monitoring and program implementation results, and providing rationale for program modifications through the iterative process. By evaluating data and information from program implementation and then comparing results to goals, benchmarks and/or previous results. Responsible Agencies can assess their programs' functionality and effectiveness. Based upon the assessments. Responsible Agencies can make determinations as to whether adaptations to the programs are appropriate. Through assessment of collected data and information, the Responsible Agencies intend to answer the following questions: • Was the program implemented according to plan? • What are the overall efforts by each Responsible Agency to implement the WQIP? • Should PWQCs and/or HPWQCs be modified? • What is the status of progress toward achieving the numeric goals and schedules? • Are goals appropriate and useful in measuring progress towards water quality improvements? • Are Responsible Agencies making progress towards goals at a rate conducive to the schedules developed? • Should goals and schedules be modified? • What is the status of progress toward addressing the HPWQCs? • Are there program alternatives, including strategies, that are more effective or efficient than those implemented or planned for implementation? • Should alternative strategies be implemented? • Are there current strategies that should be eliminated from the WQIP and JRMPs? Based on the assessments and answers to these questions, the plan components may need to be modified to accommodate the feedback received through the monitoring and assessment. These potential modifications are discussed in Section 2.4. Descriptions ofthe various assessments are provided below. 2.6.1 JRMP Program Assessments As Responsible Agencies implement their JRMPs, they implement tracking mechanisms and reporting systems for collecting a significant amount of data and information for program assessment. JRMP program assessments can be used to determine how effective and efficient program strategies are with respect to accomplishing the desired outcome of strategy implementation. • Using the data and information collected through program monitoring. Responsible Agencies will determine whether the JRMPs were implemented as planned. When a program is not implemented as planned, the monitoring (data tracking) and assessments may not be appropriate forthe strategies implemented. • Evaluating the effectiveness of strategies has two parts: o Determining if the strategy achieves its intended function; and Assessment Page 37 o Determining if the strategy is effective at improving water quality conditions. Using data collected during strategy implementation • Determining the efficiency of implemented strategies for the purposes of prioritizing and planning for the use of strategies involves two evaluations: o Cost benefit analyses; and o Comparisons of relative performance of strategies based on data and information collected by Responsible Agencies. The Responsible Agencies will review the data and information collected to assess their JRMP programs and evaluate effectiveness and efficiencies of the strategies implemented. Where appropriate, findings will be used to feed into the iterative process to make changes to program implementation as well as in strategic planning. 2.6.2 Regulatory and Policy Assessment Information collected on regulatory changes or emerging changes will be assessed to determine potential impacts to the WQIP. Outcomes of the assessment may include changes to the process in which Priority Water Quality Conditions and Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions are identified as well as geographic focus areas. The findings will influence the iterative process. 2.6.3 Storm Drain Discharges Assessments The MS4 outfall discharge assessments includes evaluating the dry weather monitoring data collected at the highest priority MS4 outfalls with persistent non-stormwater flows and associated information from the illicit discharge detection and elimination (IDDE) program and the wet weather MS4 monitoring program. Details of the dry and wet weather MS4 data assessments are provided below. Each Responsible Agency will assess its MS4 monitoring programs individually and compile results annually as part ofthe Carlsbad WMA Water Quality Improvement Plan Annual Report. 2.6.3.1 Dry Weather Outfall Assessments/Illicit Discharges Each Responsible Agency will assess and report the progress of its Dry Weather MS4 Outfall Monitoring and IDDE program (required pursuant to Municipal Permit Provision E.2) toward effectively prohibiting non-storm water and illicit discharges into the MS4s within its jurisdiction. Prior to completing the assessments, each jurisdiction will compile available relevant data in a regionally consistent format including, but not limited to, the following: Monitoring Data Field screening visual observations Non-storm water monitoring including water quality, observations, field measurements, and flow estimates Relevant historical dry weather data Reports or notifications of illicit discharges, illicit connections, or other sources of non-storm water from hotlines or other sources Follow up field investigations of source of flow Review of MS4 outfall inventories, drainage areas, or changes in land use JRMP Information and Data Field screening visual observations Non-storm water monitoring including water quality, observations, field measurements, and flow estimates Relevant historical dry weather data Reports or notifications of illicit discharges, illicit connections, or other sources of non- storm water from hotlines or other sources Follow up field investigations of source of flow Review of MS4 outfall inventories, drainage areas, or changes in land use Table 12 presents the non-storm water pollutant discharges reduction assessments, suggested evaluation processes and potential outputs for each element. Assessment Page 38 Table 12: Dry Weather MS4 Outfall Assessment Evaluation Process and Potential Outputs Non-storm water Assessments Process of Evaluation Potential Output(s) Assessment 1: Progress toward effectively prohibiting non-storm water and illicit discharges into the MS4 within each jurisdiction Categorize flows as dry, persistent, transient, or undetermined based on historic and current field screening data. For transient and persistent flows, identify the known and suspected controllable sources, as feasible, and which sources were reduced or eliminated. Based on two previous steps, evaluate any modifications to field screening locations or frequency necessary to identify and eliminate sources of persistent flows. Reprioritization of outfalls may occur if one of the following conditions is met: a. Non-storm water discharges have been effectively eliminated for three consecutive monitoring events or b. Source(s)s of the persistent flows have been identified as not an illicit or a source of pollutants or c. Pollutants in the persistent flow do not exceed NALs or d. The threat to water quality has been reduced by the Responsible Agency Number of sources reduced and eliminated. Updated MS4 outfall inventory to reflect current flow status, outfalls removed or added from field screening program. List of program modifications. Assessment 2: Rank and prioritize MS4 outfalls 3. Assess threat to receiving water quality from major MS4 outfalls based on available water quality data. Compare dry weather water quality data to relevant NALs, Highest and Focused Priorities (water quality objectives, 303(d) List or ESAs), and discharge prohibitions, as applicable. Identify pollutants from sources or land uses known to exist within the area, drainage basin, or watershed that discharges to the portion of MS4 within its jurisdiction. Rank MS4 outfalls according to threat to water quality using the metrics established under the transitional monitoring program. Revised prioritized list of major MS4 outfalls. List of modifications to major MS4 outfalls monitored under Provision D.2.b. Revised prioritization metrics, as applicable. Assessment 3: Identify known and suspected sources contributing to numeric action limit exceedances at highest-ranked MS4 outfalls Compare dry weather water quality data from major outfalls to relevant NALs (completed in Assessment 2). For those exceeding NALs, use visual observation, inspection data, land use data, complaints, and other reports to identify potential sources in the outfall drainage area. List of known and suspected sources for each highest-ranked MS4 outfall Summary of NAL exceedances per HU, and applicable follow-up actions. List of follow up actions and whether those actions have resulted in lower pollutant concentrations or identification of confirmed or suspected sources, if data are available. Revise internal follow-up procedures, as necessary, to increase effectiveness of follow-up actions as part of adaptive management. Assessment Page 39 Non-Storm water Assessments Process of Evaluation Potential Output(s) Assessment 4: Estimate volumes and loads of non-storm water discharges 1. Compile dry weather water quality and flow data from major MS4 outfalls with persistent flow per jurisdiction. 2. Annual rainfall data representative of the watershed to define wet versus dry days for the monitored year. 3. Calculate or estimate annual non-storm water volume and pollutant loads collectively discharged from each jurisdiction's major MS4 outfalls to receiving waters. 4. Estimate the percent contribution from each known source for each MS4 outfall (as identified in Assessment 3). 5. Calculate or estimate annual non-storm water volume and pollutant loads collectively discharged from non-storm water not subject to the Copermittee's legal authority. Total estimated volume or load of non-storm water discharges per jurisdiction and by HA Assessment 5: Identify data gaps Note: Review assessment methodology and determine additional data needed to improve evaluation and identify and eliminate non- storm water discharges. Ust of potential modifications to the monitoring. Jurisdictional Runoff Management Program activities, or strategies. Regional formats, data evaluation processes, and suggested outputs are provided and are subject to change based on program refinements and lessons learned from implementation of program elements as part ofthe adaptive management process. 2.6.3.2 Wet Weather Outfall Monitoring Assessments Each Responsible Agency will assess and report the results of its Wet Weather MS4 Outfall Monitoring and evaluate progress toward reducing pollutant loading during wet weather. Prior to completing the assessments, each Jurisdiction will compile available relevant data, as applicable, in a regionally consistent format to complete the storm water discharge assessment. Table 13 presents the storm water pollutant discharge reduction assessments, example evaluation processes and suggested outputs for each element. Assessment Page 40 Table 13: Wet Weather MS4 Outfall Assessment Evaluation Process and Potential Outputs Storm Water Assessments Process of Evaluation Potential Output(s) Assessment 1: Estimate volumes and loads of storm water discharges Compile wet weather water quality and flow data from monitored outfalls for the monitoring year and compare across multiple years of data. Use rainfall data representative ofthe watershed to define wet versus dry days for each monitored year. Calculate or estimate annual non-storm water volume and pollutant loads collectively discharged from each jurisdiction's monitored MS4 outfalls to receiving waters for each storm event. Estimate the percent contribution of stormwater volumes and pollutant loads discharged from each land use type within each hydrologic subarea or within each major MS4 outfall to receiving waters. Evaluate modifications to wet weather MS4 monitoring locations or frequency necessary to identify pollutants in storm water discharges in the WMA. Total estimated volumes and loads of storm water discharges per jurisdiction and for the Carlsbad WMA. Estimated percent contribution from each land use type within each HAS or major MS4 outfall. Modifications to the wet weather MS4 outfall monitoring locations and frequencies, as needed and based on factors such as funding, safety and site accessibility. Assessment 2: Identify known and suspected sources contributing to SAL exceedances at highest-ranked MS4 outfalls Compare wet weather water quality data from monitored outfalls to relevant SALs. For those exceeding SALs, use relevant visual observation, inspection data, land use data, IC/ID reports to identify potential sources present in the outfall drainage area in the wet season. Re-evaluate strategies and update other assumptions used to develop the WQIP under the adaptive management approach. Summary of SAL exceedances within the WMA, and applicable follow-up actions. Ust of known and suspected wet weather point sources for each highest- ranked MS4 outfall, as applicable Ust of follow up actions and whether those actions have resulted in lower pollutant concentrations or identification of confirmed or suspected sources, if data are available. Revise internal follow-up procedures, as necessary, to increase effectiveness of follow-up actions as part of adaptive management. Assessment 3: Identify data gaps Note: Review assessment methodology and determine additional data needed to improve evaluation of non- storm water discharges. List of potential modifications to the monitoring, Jurisdictional Runoff Management Program activities and response actions, or strategies. Regional formats, data evaluation processes, and suggested outputs are provided and are subject to change based on program refinements and lessons learned from implementation of program elements as part of the adaptive management process. 2.6.3.3 Report of Waste Discharge As part of the ROWD, Responsible Agencies will evaluate dry and wet weather MS4 outfall monitoring data collected. Table 14 presents the evaluation process and potential output for each element. Assessment Page 41 Table 14: ROWD Assessments Evaluation Process and Potential Outputs ROWD Assessments Process of Evaluation Potential Output(s) Assessment 1: Identification of reductions and progress in achieving reduction in non-storm water and illicit discharges from the MS4 Compile number of sources of non-storm water and illicit discharges reduced and eliminated by all jurisdictions in the WMA over the permit term. Assess progress by comparing to previous permit terms. % increase or decrease in number of sources reduced or abated for the entire WMA this permit term. Assessment 2: Assess effectiveness of strategies toward reducing or eliminating non-storm water and pollutant loads from the MS4 to receiving waters by Jurisdiction Compare data from pre- and post- project or focused area to evaluate potential effects of enhanced Water Quality Improvement Plan strategies, as available If possible, estimate the pollutant load reduction attributable to specific water quality strategies. Summary of pre-project (baseline) data and post-project data Summary of load reductions per jurisdiction by HU for highest and focused priorities. List of strategies that may support pollutant load reductions and those that don't, based on data collected. Assessment 3: Identify modifications necessary to increase the effectiveness of strategies toward reducing or eliminating non-storm water and pollutant loads from the MS4 to receiving waters by Jurisdiction Review assessment methodology and determine additional data needed to improve evaluation and identify and eliminate non-storm water discharges. List of potential modifications to the Monitoring and Assessment Program, Jurisdictional Runoff Management Program activities, or strategies. Recommendations for programmatic adjustments of strategies and schedules. Assessment 1: Identification of reductions and progress in achieving pollutant load reductions from different land uses and/or drainage areas discharging from the MS4 Compile total estimated volume or load of non- storm water discharges by drainage area, land use, or other relevant assessment metric for the WMA over the permit term Assess progress by comparing pollutant loads by land use and/or drainage areas over a minimum of three years to determine short-term trends over the five years of implementation. % allocation of volume or load based on % of land use per HA and by WMA. Trend analysis, if sufficient data points are available, based on % allocation of volume or load. Assessment 2: Identify modifications necessary to increase the effectiveness of strategies tow/ard reducing pollutants in storm water discharges from the MS4 to receiving waters in the WMA to the MEP Compare data from pre-post project or focused area to control area in order to evaluate potential effects of enhanced V^ater Quality Improvement Plan strategies. If possible, estimate the pollutant load reductions attributable to specific water quality strategies. Summary of pre-project (baseline) data and post-project data. Summary of load reductions per jurisdiction by HA for highest and focused priorities. List of strategies that may support pollutant load reductions and those that don't, based on data collected. Assessment 3:ldentify modifications necessary to increase the effectiveness of the water quality improvement strategies implemented in the WMA toward reducing pollutants in storm water discharges from the MS4s to receiving waters to MEP Review assessment methodology and determine additional data needed to improve evaluation and identify and eliminate storm water discharges. List of potential modifications to the monitoring Jurisdictional Runoff Management Program activities, or strategies. Recommendations for programmatic adjustments of strategies and schedules. Note: Regional formats, data evaluation processes, and suggested outputs are provided and are subject to change based on program refinements and lessons learned from implementation of program elements as part of the adaptive management process. 2.6.4 Special Studies Assessments As part of the Water Quality Improvement Plan Annual Report, the Responsible Agencies will evaluate the results and findings from the special studies. Results from each special study will be reported individually based on its implementation schedule. Findings from each active special study will be compiled annually as part of the Carlsbad WMA Water Quality Improvement Plan Annual Report to Assessment Page 42 complete the special study assessments described below. If a special study is not being implemented then a status update and schedule for implementation will be provided in the Annual Report. Table 15 presents the special study assessments, the planned special studies that may be implemented and potential outputs for each element. Table Special Studies Assessments Planned Special Studies Potential Outputs (dependent on study schedule of implementation) Assessment 1: Assess relevance of each special study to the Participating Agencies' characterization of receiving water conditions Regional Reference Studies will characterize natural 'reference' concentrations of bacteria in streams and beaches. Data to support modification of TMDL compliance such as numeric targets including water quality objectives or the allowable percent exceedance frequency. Assessment 1: Assess relevance of each special study to the Participating Agencies' characterization of receiving water conditions Loma Alta Nutrient Special Study will characterize receiving water conditions during the critical condition. Loma Alta Nutrient Special Study data will be used to track change in receiving water conditions. Assessment 1: Assess relevance of each special study to the Participating Agencies' characterization of receiving water conditions Bight '13 - San Marcos HA Microbiology Drainage Water Special Study will monitor San Marcos HA paired with Moonlight Beach. Bight '13 - San Marcos HA Microbiology Drainage Water Special Study will evaluate the relationship between beach water quality and input from the watershed. Assessment 2: Understand sources of pollutants and/or stressors Regional Reference Studies will characterize natural 'reference' concentrations of bacteria in streams and beaches during wet and dry weather conditions. Regional Reference Studies data may be used to understand how natural background levels of bacteria during wet and dry weather conditions may contribute to exceedances. Assessment 2: Understand sources of pollutants and/or stressors Dry Weather Special Study will characterize persistent dry weather flows from high priority major MS4 outfalls. Dry Weather Special Study data may be used to guide further investigations of sources. Assessment 2: Understand sources of pollutants and/or stressors Loma Alta Nutrient Special Study will characterize watershed input via Loma Alta Creek to Loma Alta Slough. Loma Alta Nutrient Special Study will characterize the magnitude and extent of nutrient loading from Loma Alta Creek. After multiple years of implementation, data may be used to guide investigations of potential controllable versus uncontrollable sources. Assessment 2: Understand sources of pollutants and/or stressors Bight '13 - San Marcos HA Microbiology Drainage Water Special Study will characterize potential watershed inputs of human fecal contamination. Bight '13 - San Marcos HA Microbiology Drainage Water Special Study will characterize the frequency and magnitude of human signal during wet and dry weather conditions. Assessment 3: Control and reduce the discharges of pollutants from the MS4 outfalls to receiving waters Dry Weather Special Study will characterize persistent dry weather flows from MS4. Dry Weather Special Study data may be used to develop an action plan to reduce or control identified sources. Assessment 3: Control and reduce the discharges of pollutants from the MS4 outfalls to receiving waters Loma Alta Nutrient Special Study will characterize Loma Alta Creek. Loma Alta Creek data may be used to guide monitoring of MS4 outfalls located upstream. Assessment 3: Control and reduce the discharges of pollutants from the MS4 outfalls to receiving waters Bight '13 - San Marcos HA Microbiology Drainage Water Special Study will assess human fecal contamination at a location in the San Marcos HA. Bight'13-San Marcos HA Microbiology Drainage Water Special Study data may be used to guide follow up source investigations in the San Marcos HA. Assessment 4: Identify any necessary modifications or updates to the WQIP based on Special Study results or findings Regional Reference Studies Dry Weather Special Study Loma Alta Nutrient Special Study Bight '13 - San Marcos HA Microbiology Drainage Water Special Study Data may be used to guide modifications to monitoring, source investigations, JURMP activities or response actions, or strategies. 2.6.5 Receiving Waters Assessment The assessment of receiving waters involves evaluating the physical, chemical, and biological conditions of the receiving waters and sediments. The Responsible Agencies will assess the status and trends of receiving water quality conditions in coastal waters, enclosed bays, harbors, estuaries, and streams in Assessment Page 43 ^3 the Carlsbad WMA once per permit cycle. The results from these assessments may be presented as part of a Water Quality Improvement Plan Annual Report or in the ROWD. Prior to completing the assessments, each jurisdiction will compile relevant data in a regionally consistent format including, but not limited to, the following: • Wet and dry weather chemical, biological, and physical data collected under Long-term receiving water, regional monitoring, and sediment monitoring programs Other available and relevant wet and dry weather data at receiving water locations collected under programs such as TMDL Monitoring or Special studies Relevant historical wet and dry weather data at receiving water locations • Results of Toxicity Identification Evaluations (TIEs) and/or Toxicity Reduction Evaluations (TREs), if applicable Once the jurisdictional data is collected into regionally consistent formats, the data will be compiled for the watershed assessment. Table 16 presents the receiving water quality assessments, evaluation processes and potential outputs for each element. Table 16: Receiving Water Assessment Evaluation Process and Potential Outputs Receiving Water Assessments Process of Evaluation Potential Output(s) Assessment 1: Determine whether or not the conditions ofthe receiving waters are meeting the numeric goals established Compare water quality data from Bacteria TMDL compliance locations collected during current and past monitoring years to TMDL interim and final numeric goals Categorize goals as met, partially met, or currently not met, or alternative categories more specific to the relevant goal(s) Assessment 2: Identify the most critical beneficial uses that must be protected to ensure the overall health ofthe receiving water Use multiple lines of evidence prioritization methodology from applicable Water Quality Improvement Plan section to evaluate current state of receiving water quality conditions using more recent and updated data, including: a. Compare receiving waters water quality data collected during current and past monitoring years to water quality benchmarks. b. Consider publicly available data c. Consider current regulatory drivers d. Evaluate MS4 contribution. Identify most critical beneficial uses Status of and potential changes to Priority Conditions, High Priority Conditions, and Focused Priority Conditions Assessment 3: Evaluate whether or not the critical beneficial uses identified under Assessment 3 are being protected 1. For Priority Water Quality Conditions and High Priority Water Quality Conditions, compare current and historical data to water quality benchmarks and calculate a frequency of exceedances. 2. Evaluate seasonal or temporal patterns in available water quality and flow data to determine when those critical beneficial uses are supported or impaired. Categorize Priority Conditions, High Priority Conditions, and Focused Priority Conditions as protected, likely protected, possibly impacted, likely impacted, or clearly impacted, or alternative categories depending on type of beneficial use. Assessment 4: Identify short-term and/or long- term improvements or degradation of those critical beneficial uses 1. Compare current and historical data to water quality benchmarks. 2. Calculate a frequency of exceedances for each monitoring year. For short-term trends, use a minimum of three years of data and a minimum of five years to evaluate long-term trends. Statistical analysis of trends and recommended programmatic changes or enhancements Assessment Page 44 Receiving Water Assessments Process of Evaluation Potential Output(s) Assessment 5: Determine whether or not the strategies established in the WQIP contribute towards progress in achieving the interim and final numeric goals of the WQIP Evaluate progress toward achieving interim and final numeric goals by HA or focus area as described in Section 3. Evaluate efficacy of strategies listed in Section 3. Identify interim and final goals met, partially met, or not met by HA. Ust of potential modifications to monitoring or strategies. Assessment 6: Identify data gaps in the monitoring data needed to conduct the above assessments Review assessment methodology and determine additional data needed to improve evaluation and better characterize general health of beneficial uses. Ust of potential modifications to the monitoring. Jurisdictional Runoff Management Plan activities, or strategies Note: Regional formats, data evaluation processes, and suggested outputs are provided and are subject to change based on program refinements and lessons learned from implementation of program elements as part ofthe adaptive management process. 2.6.6 Integrated Assessment In order to make determinations of potential program changes, the iterative process needs to have a comprehensive assessment completed that integrates data from program implementation, water quality data, special studies and regulatory issues. The integrated assessment is intended to evaluate all of the moving parts of the WQIP together. The Responsible Agencies will utilize appropriate data and information collected to assess the following: • Priority Water Quality Conditions • Numeric Goals and Schedules • Water Quality Improvement Strategies and Schedules • Water Quality Monitoring Program • Assessment Program The outcomes of the integrated assessment will provide the iterative process the basis for appropriate and necessary modifications to the WQIP. Assessment Page 45 This page intentional for printing purpose Assessment Page 46 3 Hydrologic Area Implementation Through the development and implementation of the Carlsbad WQIP, the Carlsbad WMA Responsible Agencies have identified HPWQCs and PWQCs to address focus efforts. The conditions are discussed in Section 2.1. Through the WQIP and adaptive management process. Responsible Agencies are expected to analyze decision making and resource allocation and adapt goals, strategies and associated schedules, where needed, to improve upon program effectiveness. The iterative process is discussed in Section 2.4. Figure 8 below shows the HPWQCs in the Carlsbad WMA and focus areas the Responsible Agencies have determined to concentrate their WQIP efforts through JRMP implementation. Figure 8: Carlsbad Watershed Management Area - Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions The remainder of the document includes the: interim and final numeric goals; strategies and schedules established by the Responsible Agencies to address the HPWQCs and PWQCs; and HA specific discussions of monitoring and assessment. The goals, strategies, monitoring and assessment are discussed by HA within this section. The following guide is provided to orient the reader to the structure of the remainder of the document. Hydrologic Area Implementation Page 47 Each section introduces one of the six HAs. Included in the description is a listing of the HPWQCs and PWQCs for the particular HA. The reader is provided with a map of the HA showing where program core strategies will be implemented and also focus areas where Responsible Agencies will implement modified or additional strategies - see Figure 9 below for an example. HYDROLOGIC AREA OVERVIEW Major Roadways Rivers and Creeks Waterbodies • Municipal Boundaries Hydrologic Area Boundary Hydrologic Area Figure 9: Example Hydrologic Area Map A table of known potential sources of pollutants and stressors associated with the HPWQCs is provided as reference. Each table identifies the inventoried sites and facilities and their associated pollutant loading potential^. As a part of the iterative process. Responsible Agencies will continue to conduct assessments of the sources and their pollutant loading potential and update these tables as data and information is available. As determined in the 2005 and 2011 Long-Term Effectiveness Assessments (MOE) Hydrologic Area Implementation Page 48 Following the HA source inventory and pollutant loading table, applicable goals are presented in tabular format. Any interim and final numeric goals that are applicable to the entire HA are presented along with their associated schedules. See the example goals table below (this table could be applicable at the HA or focus area levels). Goals Schedule Interim Goals If Final Goals Interim Goal 2018 (2013-2018) Interim Goal 2023 (2013-2018) Interim Goal 2028 (2023-2028) Interim Goal 2033 (2028-2033) Final Goal 2038 (2033-2038) 10% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff at selected outfalls 20% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff at selected outfalls 40% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff at selected outfalls 60% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff at selected outfalls 80% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff at selected outfalls Figure 10: Example Goals Table For each HA, the document presents strategies to be implemented throughout the HA in tabular format. These are strategies that the Responsible Agencies will either implement on a hydrologic area-wide basis (within their respective jurisdiction) or within specific focus areas. Target pollutants, target sources and planned implementation schedules are included in the table as well. See Figure 11 below for an example strategy table. Hydrologic Area Implementation Page 49 WATER QUALITY IMPROVEMENT STRATEGIES strategies: Listof strategies to be implemented in Hydrologic Area ^ Jurisdictions: Jurisdictions implementation strategy and location ^ Target Sources: Identified sources addressed by strategies ^ Target Pollutants: Pollutant categories addressed by strategies ^ Implementation Schedule: When strategy will be implemented ^ Location Details: More specific descnption of where strategies will be implemented - could be specific basins Location Details: More specific descnption of where strategies will be implemented - could be throughout the entire hydrologic area (HA) ^ Optional Strategies: Strategies that may be implemented, but cun^ently do not have specific timeframes for implementation Figure 11: Example Hydrologic Area Strategy Table In each of the Hydrologic Area Strategy tables, the location detail "HA Wide" means that the Responsible Agency plans to implement that particular strategy throughout their own jurisdictional boundaries within the HA. Hydrologic Area Implementation Page 50 The document then moves into specific focus areas within a HA. Discussion of strategies and goals to address HPWQCs are presented. Individual focus area maps (Figure 12) are presented showing the boundaries of the identified area where focus area strategies will be implemented. FOCUS AREA SPECIFIC INFORMATION Major Roadways Rivers and Creeks Waterbodies • Municipal Boundaries n Hydrologic Area Boundary Hydrologic Area Figure 12: Example Focus Area Numeric goals associated with focus areas are presented in a tabular format, as shown in Figure 10 above. Lastly, brief descriptions of the focus area strategies are provided. Hydrologic Area Implementation Page 51 This page intentional for printing purpose Hydrologic Area Implementation Page 52 3.1 Loma Alta HA (904.1) The Loma Alta HA is the northernmost HA ofthe Carlsbad WMA. It is approximately 6,300 acres in area, comprising 5% of the WMA. The HA extends inland about 7.3 miles and the highest elevation within the drainage area is 460 feet above mean sea level. The primary receiving waters in the HA are Loma Alta Creek which drains into the Loma Alta Slough and the Pacific Ocean. The HA is located almost entirely inside the City of Oceanside with less than 4% in the City of Vista and a portion of two parcels in the County of San Diego. During the initial phase of the WQIP process, assessment of existing data determined that PWQCs within the Loma Alta HA include: eutrophic conditions at the Loma Alta Slough; indicator bacteria in the Loma Alta Slough; Indicator bacteria at the Pacific Ocean shoreline at Loma Alta Creek Mouth; and Toxicity in Loma Alta Creek. Of these PWQCs, the HPWQC in the Loma Alta HA was determined to be eutrophic conditions (dry weather conditions) at the Loma Alta Slough (June 2014 B.2 Report). Figure 13 below, shows the Loma Alta HA, HPWQC and focus areas. The focus areas and their associated strategies and goals are described below. Figure 13: Loma Alta Hydrologic Area Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions and Focus Areas Loma Alta HA (904.1) Page 53 3.1.1 Loma Alta HA Sources The following table presents a list of inventoried sources and their association with HPWQCs and PWQCs and pollutant loading potential (2011 LTEA). Table 17: Pollutant Generating Sources - 904.1 Loma Alta Hydrologic Area Pollutant Source Loading Potential^ Inventory Sites/Facilities^ Quantities^ Metals Oil & Grease Sediment Pesticides Nutrients Bacteria/Pathogens Dissolved Minerals Organics Toxicity Animal Facilities 10 N UL L UK L L N L UK Auto Repair, Fueling, or Cleaning 92 L L UL UL UK UL L L UK Auto Parking Lots or Storage 6 L L L UK UK UK UL L UK Auto Body Repair or Painting 28 L L UL UL UL UL L L UK Nurseries/Greenhouses 4 L UL L L L L UL UL UK Building Materials Retail 2 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Cliemical and Allied Products 4 UK UK UK UK UK UL N L UK Concrete Manufacturing 6 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Eating or Drinking Establishments 123 N L UL UK UK L UL L UK Equipment Repair or Fueling 14 L L UL UL UK UL UL L UK Fabricated Metal 17 L L UK UK UK UL UL L UK Food Manufacturing 8 UL UL UL UL UL UL UL UL UK General Contractors 54 UL UL L UL UL UL UL UL UK General Industrial 62 L L UK UK UK UK UK L UK General Retail 125 UL UL L UL UL UL UL UL UK Institutional 6 L UK UK UK UK UL UK UK UK Motor Freight 12 L L UK UK UK UK UL L UK Offices 70 UK UK UK UK UK UK UK UK UK Parks and Rec (incl. Golf, Cemetery) 1 UK UK UK UK L UK UL UK UK Pest Control Services 6 N UK N L N UK N UK UK Pool and Fountain Cleaning 2 N N N N UK N N UK UK Primary Metal 8 L UK UK UK UK UL N UK UK Stone/Glass Manufacturing 8 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Storage/Warehousing 14 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Municipal 34 N N L N N UK UL N UK Construction Varies" UL UL L UL UL UL L UL UK Residential 2,025 acres L L L L L L L L UK The highest threat-to-water-quality (TTWQ) rated sources within each HA based on the HPWQC are identified in the table (yellow highlight signifies HPWQC). The HPWQC is associated with the sources that are likely to generate those pollutants (blue highlight). The PWQC is highlighted in green and the associated sources that are likely to generate those pollutants are depicted with an "I". 1: other sources are not reported in this table including: Land Development and Non-inventoried Businesses 2: Quantities based on the Responsible Agencies FY 2012 JURMP Annual Reports 3: Pollutant Source Loading Potential taken from LTEA 2011; N = None, UK = Unknown, UL = Unlikely, L = Ukely 4: The quantity of construction sites is dynamic due to projects starting and completing at any given time. Loma Alta HA (904.1) Page 54 3.1.2 Loma HA Area Goals and Strategies 3.1.2.1 Loma Alta HA Goals Based on the objectives for improving water quality conditions in the Loma Alta HA, the Responsible Agencies have established the following goals for the Hydrologic Area: Table 18: Loma Alta HA Interim and Final Numeric Goals Interim Goal Interim Goal Final Goal (2013-2018) 2018^ (2018-2023)^ 2023 10% reduction in anthropogenic persistent^ dry weather flows from three major MS4 outfalls discharging to Loma Alta Creek and/or tributary Loma Alta Slough Conditions Between May-October: 1) 50% reduction in anthropogenic persistent dry weather flows at the three outfalls addressed through 2018 2) 25% reduction in additional (other outfalls in watershed) anthropogenic persistent flows identified during dry weather monitoring program implemented in 2015 and in subsequent years ^ Flow reduction goals are currently based on best professional judgment as current flow data is not available. The goals may be adapted as monitoring data/information is gathered, analyzed and baselines are established. ^ Persistent flows are defined in the Permit (Order No. R9-2013-0001) as: the presence of flowing, pooled, or ponded water more than 72 hours after a measurable rainfall event of 0.1 inch or greater during three consecutive monitoring and/or inspection events. All other flowing, pooled, or ponded water is considered transient. 1) 2) Macroalgal Biomass less than 90g dry wt./m^ Macroalgal cover less than 50% The means for achieving these goals are identified in the strategies discussion below. Mechanisms for measuring progress towards and ultimately achieving these goals are discussed in the monitoring and assessment sections. 3.1.2.2 Loma Alta HA Strategies The following table identifies the Water Quality Improvement Strategies to be implemented throughout the entire Loma Alta HA and in specific focus areas of the HA. In addition to the planned strategies, optional strategies are identified that may be implemented based on circumstances related to the progress Responsible Agencies make towards numeric goals and funding. The strategies associated with the focus areas are described further in the sub-sections below. As the Responsible Agencies implement strategies and analyze assessment data, it is expected that these strategies and schedules may change through an iterative and adaptive management process. 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"a ent iollins mple eansii Resid QJ o ~ - *j S c QJ OJ .2 Q a: — CL o E U QJ ^ E O < X < TO o LO Qj OO — ro E Q) .2 S S Q. lij e) o 3.1.3 Loma Alta HA Focus Areas Concentrating program efforts in specific geographic areas to address known or suspected sources of discharges and pollutants are expected to improve the effectiveness of the strategies and activities. Based on the Responsible Agencies review of the characteristics of the Loma Alta HA, several areas of focus were selected for concentrated program efforts. These focus areas include the Oceanside jurisdiction within the HA (Figure 14), the Collins Basin Drainage Area, the Temple Heights Business Park Drainage Area, and an Oceanside/Vista Residential Area. The goals and strategies for these focus areas are summarized below. 3.1.3.1 City of Oceanside The City of Oceanside covers approximately 97% of the entire Loma Alta HA. Within the Oceanside jurisdictional boundaries, there are many areas where landscapers/gardeners provide landscape services, including fertilizer and pesticide applications, trimming and planting. Addressing this target audience on an HA basis will concentrate resources towards addressing practices associated with nutrients that may be contributing to eutrophic conditions at the Loma Alta Slough. Figure 14: Oceanside Jurisdiction within Loma Alta HA Loma Alta HA (904.1) Page 58 Oceanside Jurisdiction in Loma Alta HA Interim and Final Numeric Goals Although there are not specific interim and final numeric goals established for this focus area, the strategies are anticipated to works towards the goals presented in Section 2.1.2.1. that are applicable to the entire Loma Alta HA. Oceanside Jurisdiction in Loma Alta HA Strategies The City of Oceanside will implement its program core strategies throughout its jurisdictional boundaries of the Loma Alta HA. In addition to the core jurisdictional strategies, the following summarizes supplemental or modified core strategies planned for implementation in the Loma Alta HA to target sources of pollutants and discharges. The selected strategies are expected to have multi-pollutant benefits and intended to address non- stormwater flows and reducing the source loading of nutrients and other pollutants related to the priority water quality conditions. Reducing non-stormwater flows: (1) reduces the loading of pollutants discharged through the MS4 system; (2) reduces the amount of indicator bacteria regrowth and contributions that occurs with accumulated biofilm in MS4 systems that requires water; and (3) reduces the wet-weather contribution of indicator bacteria from scoured biofilm under higher velocity flows from storm discharges. To accomplish the multi-benefit objectives, the City of Oceanside will supplement its core jurisdictional program by implementing the following strategies: 1) Community Based Social Marketing - Private Landscapers Observation Research This project would begin with observational research to identify target behaviors of landscape workers which may be linked to polluted non-storm water discharges and runoff from a selected MS4 draining a residential neighborhood in the Loma Alta watershed. The targeted neighborhood would be selected based on long-term water quality and observational monitoring where a persistently flowing outfall has been identified. The observations would focus on identifying concrete behaviors by observing what is happening in the target community. Examples of these behaviors could be fertilizer application practices and how green waste is gathered and disposed. Thirty observation visits are proposed which will provide minimum statistical validity and adequately represent all times ofthe day (AM/mid-day/PM) and weekdays/weekends. Enforcement actions will be implemented if an activity is an immediate threat to water quality and human health. If it is determined that the behaviors are not contributing to anthropogenic persistent flows, sources of the flows will be further researched to determine if the flows are a groundwater source or other permitted discharge allowed within that outfall drainage area. Improvements in MS4 discharge water quality and/or reductions in pollutant loading at the outfall will be quantified using a combination of flow measurements and grab sample collections. Baseline measurements will be taken prior to implementing any outreach programs within the upstream drainage area. Samples will be analyzed by a qualified laboratory for constituents related to impairments in the receiving water. Measurements collected during and after the outreach implementation period will be used to assess the relative effectiveness ofthe program on reducing pollutant loadings and/or non-stormwater flows from the selected MS4 outfall. Both the baseline and post-implementation periods will require an adequate number of sampling points to ensure statistical significance in establishing whether the program implementation correlates with changes in discharge water quality. Loma Alta HA (904.1) Page 59 focus groups with landscape gardeners Focus groups offer an additional opportunity to survey the target audience face-to-face and identify the barriers that impede those individuals from engaging in behaviors that protect water quality. This approach enhances the likelihood of developing programs that maximize behavior change among the target audience. This task would involve recruiting five landscape gardeners to conduct a 30-minute interview. To encourage participation in the focus groups, an incentive will be offered to the target audience such as a specific dollar amount to participate in the interview and/or a light lunch. Landscape gardeners would be recruited in collaboration with the local compost facility Agri-Service. This facility accepts green waste from landscape gardeners in the City of Oceanside as well as other commercial landscape operators. When gardeners deliver their materials to the compost facility, they would be handed a recruitment piece requesting their participation in the focus group. All materials would be provided in Spanish and a Spanish speaker would conduct the interviews. Implementation Based on the results from the observation research and the focus group component, behavior change tools will be selected based on their fit with the identified barriers and benefits. This information will drive the development ofthe overall outreach campaign for pilot testing. Once the appropriate methodologies for pilot testing the developed strategies are designed, the target audience will be provided with detailed protocols and instructions for pilot implementation. This information will be distributed by Agri-Service staff to the target audience during normal operating hours. Based on the successful strategies identified during pilot testing a series of strategies or toolkits will be applied more broadly to groups that share similar barrier and benefit profiles for the target behavior. Improvements in MS4 discharge water quality and/or reductions in pollutant loading at the outfall will be quantified using a combination of flow measurements and grab sample collections as described above. It will also be determined if the target audience can be a conduit to providing homeowners with water efficient landscape incentive programs being offered by Metropolitan Water District (MWD) and the San Diego County Water Authority. 2) Ultraviolet Bacteria Treatment Facility The City of Oceanside will continue to operate the ultraviolet (UV) treatment system just upstream of Buccaneer Beach between May and September each year. The system actively eliminates 99% of the indicator bacteria passing through the system. The treatment facility consists of piping flows from an existing diversion structure by gravity from the lagoon through a 2 micron fine screen to a wet well where the flow is pumped into two large sand filters followed by two UV disinfection units housed in a reinforced concrete building. The treated water is discharged through a pipe extended along the existing section of rip-rap that runs along the north side of the Loma Alta Creek outlet at Buccaneer Beach. During wet weather months (November through April), with increased flow in the creek, the lagoon is periodically open to the ocean and the UV system is bypassed. Loma Alta HA (904.1) Page 60 3.1.3.2 Collins Basin and Temple Heights Drainage Areas The City of Oceanside has identified two drainage basins as focus areas with similar planned strategies: Collins Basin Drainage Area and Temple Heights Drainage Area. Both are described in more detail below. Collins Basin Drainage Area The Collins Basin Drainage Area is located mid-watershed and conveys discharges from surrounding commercial and light industrial properties to a series of detention basins, prior to discharging to Loma Alta Creek. The Collins Basin drainage includes commercial and industrial land uses, streets, buildings, parking lots and landscaped areas - see Figure 15 below. IMilet 0 0 05 01 0 2 Figure 15: Collins Basin Drainage Area/Focus Area Temple Heights Drainage Area The Temple Heights Drainage Area is a commercial and industrial area located at the headwaters of the watershed that discharges to two MS4 outfalls prior to discharging to Loma Alta Creek. Temple Heights is primarily office buildings and light industrial land uses and includes streets, buildings, parking lots and landscaped areas, see Figure 16 below. Loma Alta HA (904.1) Page 61 Figure 16: Temple Heights Drainage Area/Focus Area Collins Basin and Temple Heights Drainage Area Interim and Final Numeric Goals Although there are not specific interim and final numeric goals established for these focus areas, the strategies are anticipated to work towards the goals presented in Section 3.1.2.1. that are applicable to the entire Loma Alta HA. Collins Basin and Temple Heights Drainage Area Strategies The City of Oceanside will implement its program core strategies within the Collins Basin and Temple Heights Drainage Area. In addition to the core jurisdictional strategies, the following summarizes supplemental or modified core strategies planned for implementation in the Collins Basin and Temple Heights areas to address the sources of pollutants and discharges. The selected strategies are expected to have multi-pollutant benefits and intended to address non- stormwater flows and reducing the source loading of nutrients. Reducing non-stormwater flows: (1) reduces the loading of pollutants such as nutrients, pesticides, bacteria and trash discharged through MS4 system; (2) reduces the amount of indicator bacteria regrowth and contributions that occurs with accumulated biofilm in MS4 systems that requires water; and (3) reduces the wet-weather contribution of indicator bacteria from scoured biofilm under higher velocity flows from storm discharges. Loma Alta HA (904.1) Page 62 To accomplish the multi-benefit objectives in the two areas, the City of Oceanside will supplement its core jurisdictional program by implementing the following strategies in these focus areas: 1) Runoff and Nutrients Source Reduction Preliminary Assessment During Fiscal Years (FY)s 2015 and 2016, the City of Oceanside will: • Conduct observations to confirm the flows from these focus areas are persistent - FY 2015 and FY 2016; • Identify, through observations, the common categories of non-storm water discharges to the MS4 in the first year of assessment - FY 2015; • Identify, through observations, the greatest dischargers of non-storm water within the focus area-FY 2015; and • Categorize and prioritize the discharges to inform the education programs and/or enforcement mechanisms to focus on the specific problems or issues. Source Reductions Based on findings from the preliminary assessment, the City of Oceanside will make determinations of the most appropriate strategies to implement in subsequent years. The following strategies may be implemented to address identified issues: • Irrigation runoff reduction strategies; • Fertilizer use and application timing/frequency surveys; • Water conservation rebate programs for commercial properties; • Inspection of Treatment Control BMPs and verification of maintenance records from properties within this drainage that have these engineered BMPs installed. • Incorporate detailed education information specific to nutrients and bacteria during commercial and industrial facility inspections to prevent illegal discharges to the MS4 based on non-storm water discharge findings. Potential outreach tasks and materials could include: o Potential outreach tasks and materials could include mailing lists, door-to-door handouts, collaboration with Homeowners Association (HOA) board of directors or property management companies o Community meetings with City of Oceanside staff, presentations at regular HOA briefings o Offer irrigation incentive programs for homeowners within the focus area - Leverage existing rebates through San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA), MWD, and Vista Irrigation District (VID) • Implement an enhanced inspection program within the commercial and industrial area to identify potential illegal discharges 2) Optional Strategies • Develop a list of potential structural (engineered) BMPs or retrofitting existing structural BMPs to address flow and/or pollutant issues if the non-structural methods prove ineffective • Implement an enhanced treatment control BMP inspection program for the properties within the assessment drainage area. o Increase inspection frequency to ensure proper operation and maintenance of BMPs Loma Alta HA (904.1) Page 63 o Classify which BMPs specifically address the target pollutants (nutrients & bacteria) and ensure proper functioning. 3.1.3.3 Oceanside/Vista Residential Area Near North Avenue The Oceanside/Vista Residential focus area is located near the headwaters of the watershed that discharges to an MS4 outfall prior to discharging to Loma Alta Creek. This residential area is primarily single family residential land uses and includes some common areas and recreational park areas that include landscaping and turf - see Figure 17 below. City of Vista Oceanslde/Vlsta Residential Area Municipal Boundary ] Loma Alta HA Oceanside/Vista Residential Area iigiialGioDe OeoEye .• Figure 17: Oceanside/Vista Residential Focus Area Oceanside/Vista Residential Area Interim and Final Numeric Goals Although there are not specific interim and final numeric goals established for this focus area, the strategies are anticipated to works towards the goals presented in Section 3.1.2.1. that are applicable to the entire Loma Alta HA. Oceanside/Vista Residential Area Strategies The Cities of Oceanside and Vista will implement their program core strategies within the residential focused area. In addition to the core jurisdictional strategies, the following summarizes supplemental or modified core strategies planned for implementation in the residential focus area to address the sources of pollutants and discharges. Loma Alta HA (904.1) Page 64 The supplemental strategies are expected to have multi-pollutant benefits and are intended to address non-stormwater flows and reduce the source loading of nutrients. Reducing non-stormwater flows: (1) reduces the loading of pollutants such as nutrients, pesticides, bacteria and trash discharged through MS4 system; (2) reduces the amount of indicator bacteria regrowth and contributions that occurs with accumulated biofilm in MS4 systems that requires water; and (3) reduces the wet-weather contribution of indicator bacteria from scoured biofilm under higher velocity flows from storm discharges. To accomplish the multi-benefit objectives in the focus area, the Cities of Oceanside and Vista (Cities) will supplement their core jurisdictional program by implementing the following strategies in these focus areas: 1) Runoff and Nutrients Source Reduction Preliminary Assessment During FYs 2015 and 2016, the Cities will: • Conduct observations to confirm the flows from this focus area are persistent and from anthropogenic sources - FY 2015 and FY 2016; • Identify, through observations, the common categories of non-storm water discharges to the MS4 in the first year of assessment - FY 2015; • Identify, through observations, repeat non-storm water violators within the focus area - FY 2015; and • Categorize and prioritize the discharges to inform the education programs and/or enforcement mechanisms to focus on the specific problems or issues. Source Reductions Based on findings from the preliminary assessment, the Cities will make determinations of the most appropriate strategies to implement in subsequent years. The following strategies may be implemented to address identified issues: • Irrigation runoff reduction strategies; • Water conservation rebates, free home irrigation conversion consultations • Smart gardening practices, compost use, proper fertilizer applications • Shared drainage outreach to identify measurable improvements o Focus on residential properties o Continue baseline monitoring at shared drainage area outfalls o Regular dry-season monitoring aligned with outreach strategies • Implement educational activities within the upstream residential drainage to prevent illegal discharges to the MS4 based on non-storm water discharge findings o Potential outreach tasks and materials could include mailing lists, door-to-door handouts, collaboration with HOA board of directors or property management companies o Community meetings with Cities' staff, presentations at regular HOA briefings o Offer irrigation incentive programs for homeowners within the focus area - Leverage existing rebates through SDCWA, MWD, and VID • Conduct routine code enforcement drive-by inspections of the drainage for other illegal discharges Loma Alta HA (904.1) Page 65 2) Optional Strategies • Develop a list of potential structural (engineered) BMPs or retrofitting existing structural BMPs to address flow and/or pollutant issues if the non-structural methods prove ineffective, e.g., catch basin filters or engineered infiltration devices. 3.1.4 Loma Alta HA Monitoring and Assessment The Responsible Agencies will conduct the following monitoring in the Loma Alta HA including the collective watershed-wide monitoring activities described in Section 2.5 : • Progress Toward Interim and Final Goals • Loma Alta Special Study • MS4 Outfall Monitoring (as described in Section 2.5) • JRMP Implementation (as described in Section 2.5) • Regulations and Policy (as described in Section 2.5) Progress Toward Interim and Final Goals To assess progress toward achieving the interim and final goals, the Loma Alta HA Responsible Agencies will monitor selected outfalls periodically specifically for flow conditions, e.g., rates and volumes. At select outfalls, in addition to flow conditions, the Responsible Agencies will collect the following data as part of the MS4 Outfall Monitoring Program, at minimum, during dry weather conditions: • Total Dissolved Solids • Nitrate • Zinc • Total Suspended Solids • Total Kjeldhal Nitrogen • Total Coliform • Total Hardness • Ammonia • Fecal Coliform (or E. Coli) • Total Phosphorus • Cadmium • Enterococcus • Orthophosphate • Copper • Nitrite • Lead In addition, the selected outfalls will collect data to evaluate applicable NALs and 303d listed constituents as proposed in the MS4 Outfall Monitoring Plan that provides a tailored analyte list per HA. In order to assess program impacts, the Responsible Agencies will establish baseline flow conditions. It is anticipated that this will occur during the dry weather season of 2015. Future monitoring will provide flow conditions periodically to calculate percent change from baseline conditions. These calculated percent changes in flow conditions will be the assessment used to determine the progress towards achieving interim goals in the Loma Alta HA. The City of Oceanside, with participating agencies, will also conduct a special study that will inform the data collection and assessment for determining progress towards achieving the final goals for the Loma Alta HA. Details ofthe special study are below. Loma Alta HA Special Study This study involves a long-term water quality monitoring program forthe Loma Alta Slough to assess the effectiveness of the City of Oceanside's watershed management efforts through tracking the levels of nutrients and algae growth during the summer impairment period. It will also utilize monitoring data from MS4 outfalls discharging to Loma Alta Creek. The study is directly related to nutrients, the Highest Priority Water Quality Condition in the Loma Alta Creek HSA. The study: • Will address data gaps related to variability in the extent and magnitude of the eutrophic condition as well as nutrient levels entering Loma Alta Slough. Loma Alta HA (904.1) Page 66 • Is directly related to nutrients and the effects they have on the receiving water, which is the Highest Priority Water Quality Condition in the Loma Alta Creek HSA. • Will help develop information necessary to more effectively address sources contributing to the Highest Priority Water Quality Condition. The objectives of the study are as follows: • Develop a water quality monitoring program for the Loma Alta Slough (Slough Monitoring Plan) that will allow the City of Oceanside to track progress toward reducing nutrient discharges into the Slough and eliminate the eutrophication impairment. The plan will also be accompanied by a Quality Assurance Project Plan (QAPP). The County of San Diego will participate in an advisory role, reviewing the work plan, developing QAPP, and monitoring plan. • Perform annual water quality monitoring activities per the Slough Monitoring Plan. This includes a watershed nutrient loading and macroalgae monitoring component. The monitoring will occur every summer from 2016 to 2022. • Prepare annual monitoring reports summarizing the monitoring activities, data analyses, and assessments from each annual monitoring period. • Perform an effectiveness assessment at the end of the Slough monitoring program, comparing both data from the City of Oceanside's MS4 outfall monitoring and the receiving water component. Comparisons will help determine whether reductions in MS4 discharges or pollutant loading, as a result of the City of Oceanside's watershed management strategies, has resulted in measurable improvements to the eutrophication impairment. The Loma Alta Slough monitoring program will involve two main components. The first component uses watershed loading methods to monitor the contribution of nutrients into the Slough from Loma Alta Creek. Ambient creek water monitoring data will be coupled with the City of Oceanside's persistent non- storm water flow MS4 monitoring information to assess the total anthropogenic contribution of nutrients to the system. The second component involves collecting data directly related to the Slough's response to the nutrient loading, specifically macroalgae biomass and cover data. Additional water quality monitoring for dissolved oxygen will also serve as a secondary metric to identify trends in the eutrophication impairment. The City of Oceanside anticipates that together these components will provide a tangible measure of improvement of the impairment and show progress toward achieving the final numeric goals set forth in the WQIP for the Loma Alta HSA. The assessment and reporting will be scheduled to allow for inclusion in the WQIP Annual Reports, including an interim assessment at the time of the ROWD/Munlclpal Permit renewal In 2018. Data collection will occur every summer from 2016 to 2022. Each annual event will be conducted for one period in July and one period in August. Watershed nutrient loading information will be collected by establishing a long-term monitoring station at the boundary of Loma Alta Creek and the Slough. The City of Oceanside may utilize historical receiving water monitoring locations for the sake of data comparability and consistency. Algae data will be collected at multiple transect sampling locations within the Slough and will be consistent between monitoring years to establish a baseline of data during the impairment period. Specific flow measurement methods, and sample collection and laboratory analysis information will be described in the detailed work plan and associated QAPP. Assessment The Loma Alta HA Responsible Agencies will perform assessments ofthe following elements: • Progress Toward Interim and Final Goals • Loma Alta Special Study Loma Alta HA (904.1) Page 67 As new data and information becomes available, the Responsible Agencies will perform an integrated assessment of the findings from the identified focused areas. The integrated assessment will evaluate the JRMP program implementation in relationship to the findings of the assessment for progress toward interim and final goals. This integrated assessment would be performed at this scale to identify relationships between the strategies implemented in the focus areas and outcomes related to the interim and final goals. The outcomes of this assessment could be used to help determine the effectiveness and efficiency of selected the strategies implemented. Longer-term assessments will be performed at the WMA scale as appropriate data and information is collected and assessed. Loma Alta HA (904.1) Page 68 3.2 Buena Vista Creek HA (904.2) The Buena Vista Creek HA is the fourth largest system within the WMA. The HA extends approximately 10.6 miles inland from the coast and totals approximately 14,400 acres in area, comprising 11% of the WMA. Buena Vista Creek originates on the western slopes ofthe San Marcos Mountains and discharges into the Pacific Ocean via Buena Vista Lagoon. The primary receiving waters in the HA are Buena Vista Creek, the Buena Vista Lagoon, and the Pacific Ocean. The largest portion ofthe HA is in the City of Vista (45%), with the remaining in Oceanside, Carlsbad, and San Diego County. During the initial phase of the WQIP process, assessment of existing data determined that the PWQCs within the Buena Vista Creek HA include: indicator bacteria at the Buena Vista Lagoon; sediment/siltation in Buena Vista Lagoon; and nutrients in Buena Vista Lagoon. Of these PWQCs, the HPWQC in the Buena Vista Creek HA was determined to be indicator bacteria (dry and wet weather conditions) at the Buena Vista Lagoon (June 2014 B.2 Report). Figure 18 below, shows the Buena Vista Creek HA, HPWQC and focus areas. The focus areas and their associated strategies and goals are explained in more detail below. Buena Vista Creek HA (904.2) Page 69 Boe, Buena Vista Lagoon HPWQC Indicator Bactena I CB-PAl Focus Area 904.22 ;B-PA3 FOCUS Area 904.21 CB-PA2 Focus Area i Buena Vista Hydrologic Area Carlsbad WMA CB-PAl Focus Area & Hydrologic Subareas CB-PA2 Focus Area | 1 Municipal Boundary CB-PA3 Focus Area 1 1 Buena Vista Creek HA BV 06 Basin HPWQC Open Space Lakes and Estuaries Figure 18: Buena Vista Creek Hydrologic Area Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions and Focus Areas 3.2.1 Buena Vista Creek HA Sources The following table presents a listing of inventoried sources in the Buena Vista Creek HA and their association with HPWQCs and PWQCs based on source loading potential (2011 LTEA). 0^ Buena Vista Creek HA (904.2) Page 70 Table 20: Pollutant Generating Sources - 904.2 Buena Vista Creek Hydrologic Area Pollutant Source Loading Potential^ Inventory Sites/Facilities^ Quantities^ Metals Oil & Grease Sediment Pesticides Nutrients Bacteria/Pathogens Dissolved Minerals Organics roxicity Aggregates/Mining 1 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Agriculture 1 L UL L L L L UK UL UK Animal Facilities 5 N UL L UK L L N L UK Auto Repair, Fueling, or Cleaning 131 L L UL UL UK UL L L UK Auto Parking Lots or Storage 16 L L L UK UK UK UL L UK Auto Body Repair or Painting 19 L L UL UL UL UL L L UK Nurseries/Greenhouses 28 L UL L L L L UL UL UK Concrete Manufacturing 1 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Eating or Drinking Establishments 391 N L UL UK UK L UL L UK Equipment Repair or Fueling 8 L L UL UL UK UL UL L UK Fabricated Metal 6 L L UK UK UK UL UL L UK Food Manufacturing 3 UL UL UL UL UL UL UL UL UK General Contractors 26 UL UL L UL UL UL UL UL UK General Industrial 10 L L UK UK UK UK UK L UK General Retail 94 UL UL L UL UL UL UL UL UK Health Services 2 N UL L UK L UL UK L UK Institutional 2 L UK UK UK UK UL UK UK UK Motor Freight 3 L L UK UK UK UK UL L UK Offices 36 UK UK UK UK UK UK UK UK UK Parks and Rec (incl. Golf, Cemetery) 3 UK UK UK UK L UK UL UK UK Pest Control Services 1 N UK N L N UK N UK UK Pool and Fountain Cleaning 1 N N N N UK N N UK UK Recycling & Junk Yards 2 L L L UL UL UL L L UK Stone/Glass Manufacturing 3 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Storage/Warehousing 9 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Municipal 81 N N L N N UK UL N UK Construction Varies" UL UL L UL UL UL L UL UK Residential 7,345 acres L L L L L L L L UK The highest TTWQ rated sources within each HA based on the HPWQC are identified in the table (yellow highlight signifies HPWQC). The HPWQC is associated with the sources that are likely to generate those pollutants (blue highlight). The PWQC is highlighted in green and the associated sources that are likely to generate those pollutants are depicted with an "L". 1: other sources are not reported in this table including: Land Development and Non-inventoried Businesses 2: Quantities based on the Responsible Agencies FY 2012 JURMP Annual Reports 3; Pollutant Source Loading Potential taken from LTEA 2011; N = None, UK = Unknown, UL = Unlikely, L = Ukely 4: The quantity of construction sites is dynamic due to projects starting and completing at any given time Buena Vista Creek HA (904.2) Page 71 ^1 3.2.2 Buena Vista Creek HA Goals and Strategies 3.2.2.1 Buena Vista Creek HA Goals Goals have not been established that apply to the entire Buena Vista Creek HA. Separate goals have been established for each focus area and are presented in the sub-sections below. 5.2.2.2 Buena Vista Creek HA Strategies The following table identifies the Water Quality Improvement Strategies to be implemented throughout the entire Buena Vista Creek HA and in specific focus areas of the HA. In addition to the planned strategies, optional strategies are identified that may be implemented based on circumstances related to the progress Responsible Agencies make towards numeric goals and funding. The strategies associated with the focus areas are described further in the sub-sections below. As the Responsible Agencies implement strategies and analyze assessment data, it is expected that these strategies and schedules may change through an iterative and adaptive management process. Buena Vista Creek HA (904.2) Page 72 (s)jB3A iBJSij 3Jnjnj 0Z-6T Ad 6X-8I AJ 8T-^T Ad ^T-9T Ad 9T-ST Ad (sjjeaA te3S!d snojAajd sappjisad luauiipas aseajo pue no siuaujHN s|ei9|A| AAB3H suaaomed/Buapeg t7SI/M sdjtjipej 3u!>|jed pue sAe/wqSiH 's»aajjs 'speoy ^uauidopAapaij IS )uauido|3A3a pue-| Dijqnd iBJauag leiiuapisaij lauuosjad pue saijs uo!pnj)suo3 sj3u/wo/S3!)!|!3ej I |epjaiuuj03 pue leuisnpui saitiipej paxjj |edp!un|/\| oSaiQ UBS P Ajuno3 CQ ap!sue330 iO MlD pBqsjJBDpMp < ro u ^ CO rM U < rri U o. cZ ro CO § 03 ro "a ^ u _r ^ <^ Q. o3 E o Q. -i: LU < O ro QJ QO ro Q- OJ CO 0^ QD 3.2.3 Buena Vista Creek HA Focus Areas Concentrating program efforts in specific geographic areas to address known or suspected sources of discharges and pollutants is expected to improve the effectiveness of the strategies and activities. Based on the Responsible Agencies review of the characteristics of the Buena Vista Creek HA, several focus areas were selected for concentrating program efforts. These focus areas include CB-PAl, CB-PA2, CB-PA3, and Buena Vista Basin (BV06). The goals and strategies for these focus areas are summarized below. 3.2.3.1 CB-PAl Focus Area The CB-PAl focus area is located immediately south of the Buena Vista Lagoon. This area is a mixture of single family residential, commercial and multi-family land uses and includes homes, commercial buildings, apartment complexes, common areas, a school and recreational park areas that include landscaping and turf, see Figure 19 below. CB-PA1 Focus Area I I Carlsbad WMA r • Hydrologic Subareas ^ Buena Vista Creek HA CB-PAl I I HPWQC •! Pacific Ocean Figure 19: CB-PAl Focus Area - Buena Vista Creek HA CB-PAl Interim and Final Numeric Goals Goals associated with this focus area are summarized in the Table 22 below. These goals have been established as a part of the initial WQIP development process. As the Responsible Agencies progress Buena Vista Creek HA (904.2) Page 75 06 through the first several years of implementation and learn through data collection and analysis, it is expected that these goals and schedules will likely change. As goals and schedules are adapted, they will be presented in future WQIP annual reports or updates to the WQIP document. Table 22: CB-PAl Focus Area, Interim and Final Numeric Goals interim Goal (2013-2018) 2018' Interim Goal (2018-2023) 2023' Interim Goal (2023-2028) 2028' Interim Goal (2028-2033) 2033' Final Goal (2033-2038) 2038' 10% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff 20% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff 40% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff 60% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff 80% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff adapted as monitoring data/information is gathered, analyzed and baselines are established. The means for achieving these goals are identified in the strategies discussion below. Mechanisms for measuring progress towards and ultimately achieving these goals are included in the monitoring, assessment and iterative process sections. CB-PAl Focus Area Strategies The City of Carlsbad will implement their program core strategies within the focus area. In addition to the core jurisdictional strategies, the following summarizes supplemental or modified core strategies planned for implementation in the focus area to address the sources of pollutants and discharges. The selected strategies are expected to have multi-pollutant benefits and intended to address non- stormwater flows and reducing the source loading of bacteria. Reducing non-stormwater flows: (1) reduces the loading of pollutant constituent discharged through MS4 system; (2) reduces the amount of indicator bacteria regrowth and contributions that occurs with accumulated biofilm in MS4 systems that requires water; and (3) reduces the wet-weather contribution of indicator bacteria from scoured biofilm under higher velocity flows from storm discharges. Removing trash and sediment reduces the bacteria loading that is attached to the trash and sediment. To accomplish the multi-benefit objectives in the CB-PAl, the City of Carlsbad will supplement its core jurisdictional program by implementing the following strategies: 1) Targeted street sweeping in the focus area will be a minimum frequency of every two weeks. 2) Perform pro perty-based inspections/patrol inspections of each property in the CB-PAl at least once annually. These inspections will include: a. Visual inspection of all public streets b. Inspections of each existing development property: i. Municipal facilities and areas ii. Each commercial/industrial property iii. Each residential property 3) Maintain a maximum response time to focus areas for complaints received via Storm Water Hotline, or other mechanism. The City will respond and arrive on-site within 45 minutes of notification to eliminate any unauthorized discharge, identify the responsible party and minimize impacts to receiving waters. This response time is expected to eliminate discharges Buena Vista Creek HA (904.2) Page 76 while they are occurring and provide an opportunity to immediately educate or enforce as necessary. 4) Enhancements to education program to include: a. Bacteria and other priority pollutant specific education and outreach program to be conducted in the CB-PAl for residents and commercial facilities related to bacteria and other priority pollutants. The materials will have an emphasis on discharges to the City's MS4 and the receiving waters impacts. b. Developing and implementing a training/seminar for property managers and others that have direct responsibility for common areas within HOAs and commercial properties. Educational materials and information will be developed and provided to the managers for them to distribute to their residents and tenants. c. As the CB-PAl focus area is a high-tourist area, the City will develop outreach materials directed specifically to out-of-jurisdiction visitors, including materials for distribution through hotels, long-term rental properties and commercial businesses. d. As part of the residential outreach program, the City of Carlsbad will work with residents and property owners to educate through various means, which may include school programs, block parties or one-on-one meetings. 5) Implement Technological Program Efficiencies - The City is implementing a new computer database which will allow for use with mobile devices which will increase the City's response time to Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination (IDDE) reports, discoveries, complaints and monitoring investigations. This new computer database will also streamline inspections and allow for review of previous information while in the field. It is also anticipated to speed the enforcement process as well expedite the capture of data for field follow-up. These increases in the speed at which data is collected and assimilated will improve the efficiencies of the City's stormwater program. 6) Optional Strategies • Implement structural (engineered) BMPs or retrofitting existing structural BMPs to address flow and/or pollutant issues • Implement offsite alternative compliance program to place water quality improvement projects in the CB-PAl focus area 3.2.3.2 CB PA2 Focus Area The CB-PA2 focus area is split into two drainage areas located south of Carlsbad Village Drive and CB- PAl. The northern portion of the focus area drains to the north towards Buena Vista Lagoon. The southern portion drains south towards Agua Hedionda Lagoon. This area is a mixture of single family residential properties, commercial and multi-family land uses and includes homes, commercial buildings, apartment complexes, common areas, a school and recreational park areas that include landscaping and turf, see Figure 20 below. luena Vista Creek HA (904.2) Page 77 CB-PA2 Focus Area I I Buena Vista Creek HA CB-PA2 Pacific Ocean I Miles 0.15 star Geog'aphics C anj il'ie G'S iJ4*t Co Figure 20: CB-PA2 Focus Area - Buena Vista Creek CB-PA2 Focus Area Interim and Final Numeric Goals Goals associated with this focus area are summarized in Table 23 below. These goals have been established as a part of this initial WQIP development process. As the Responsible Agencies progress through the first several years of implementation and learn through data collection and analysis, it is expected that these goals and schedules will likely change. As goals and schedules are adapted, they will be presented in future WQIP annual reports or updates to the WQIP document. Table 23: CB-PA2 Focus Area, Interim and Final Numeric Goals Interim Goal (2013-2018) 2018' interim Goal (2018-2023) 2023' Interim Goal (2023-2028) 2028' Interim Goal (2028-2033) 2033' Final Goal (2033-2038) 2038' 10% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff 20% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff 40% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff 60% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff 80% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff adapted as monitoring data/information is gathered, analyzed and baselines are established. Buena Vista Creek HA (904.2) Page 78 The means for achieving these goals are identified in the strategies discussion below. Mechanisms for measuring progress towards and ultimately achieving these goals are included in the monitoring, assessment and iterative process sections. CB-PA2 Focus Area Strategies The City of Carlsbad will implement their program core strategies within the focus area. In addition to the core jurisdictional strategies, the following summarizes supplemental or modified core strategies planned for implementation in the focus area to address the sources of pollutants and discharges. The selected strategies are expected to have multi-pollutant benefits and intended to address non- stormwater flows and reducing the source loading of bacteria. Reducing non-stormwater flows: (1) reduces the loading of pollutant constituent discharged through MS4 system; (2) reduces the amount of indicator bacteria regrowth and contributions that occurs with accumulated biofilm in MS4 systems that requires water; and (3) reduces the wet-weather contribution of indicator bacteria from scoured biofilm under higher velocity flows from storm discharges. Removing trash and sediment reduces the bacteria loading that is attached the trash and sediment. To accomplish the multi-benefit objectives in the CB-PA2, the City of Carlsbad will supplement its core jurisdictional program by implementing the following strategies: 1) Targeted street sweeping in the focus area will be a minimum frequency of every two weeks. 2) Perform property-based inspections/patrol inspections of each property in the CB-PA2 focus area at least once annually. These inspections will include: a. Visual inspection of all public streets b. Inspections of each existing development property: i. Municipal facilities and areas ii. Each commercial/industrial property iii. Each residential property 3) Maintain a maximum response time for complaints received via Storm Water Hotline, or other mechanism. The City will respond and arrive on-site within 45 minutes of notification to eliminate any unauthorized discharge, identify the responsible party and minimize impacts to receiving waters. This response time is expected to eliminate discharges while they are occurring and provide an opportunity to immediately educate or enforce as necessary. 4) Enhancements to education program to include: a. Bacteria and other priority pollutant specific education and outreach program to be conducted in the CB-PA2 focus area for residents and commercial facilities related to bacteria and other priority pollutants. The materials will have an emphasis on discharges to the City's MS4 and the receiving waters impacts. b. Developing and implementing a training/seminar for property managers and others that have direct responsibility for common areas within HOAs and commercial properties. Educational materials and information will be developed and provided to the managers for them to distribute to their residents and tenants. c. As part of the residential outreach program, the City of Carlsbad will work with residents and property owners to educate through various means, which may include school programs, block parties or one-on-one meetings. Buena Vista Creek HA (904.2) Page 79 5) Implement Program Efficiencies - The City is implementing a new computer database which will allow for use with mobile devices which will increase the City's response time to IDDE reports, discoveries, complaints and monitoring investigations. This new computer database will also streamline inspections and allow for review of previous information while in the field. 6) Optional Strategies • Implement structural (engineered) BMPs or retrofitting existing structural BMPs to address flow and/or pollutant issues • Implement offsite alternative compliance program to place water quality improvement projects in the CB-PA2 focus area 3.2.3.3 CB-PA3 Focus Area The CB-PA3 focus area is located approximately one-third of the way up the Buena Vista Creek HA. This area is a mix of single family residential properties and a portion of the Carlsbad Mall with a single outfall, see Figure 21 below. Monitoring has identified persistent flow and bacteria exceedances from the outfall. Figure 21: CB-PA3 Focus Area - Buena Vista Creek Buena Vista Creek HA (904.2) Page 80 CB-PA3 Focus Area Interim and Final Numeric Goals Goals associated with this focus area are summarized in Table 24 below. These goals have been established as a part of this initial WQIP development process. As the Responsible Agencies progress through the first several years of implementation and learn through data collection and analysis, it is expected that these goals and schedules will likely change. As goals and schedules are adapted, they will be presented in future WQIP annual reports or updates to the WQIP document. Table 24: CB-PA3 Focus Area, Interim and Final Numeric Goals Interim Goal (2013-2018) 2018' Interim Goal (2018-2023) 2023' Interim Goal (2023-2028) 2028' Interim Goal (2028-2033) 2033' Final Goal (2033-2038) 2038' 10% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff 20% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff 40% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff 60% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff 80% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff adapted as monitoring data/information is gathered, analyzed and baselines are established. The means for achieving these goals are identified in the strategies discussion below. Mechanisms for measuring progress towards and ultimately achieving these goals are included in the monitoring, assessment and iterative process sections. CB-PA3 Focus Area Strategies The City of Carlsbad will implement their program core strategies within the focus area. In addition to the core jurisdictional strategies, the following summarizes supplemental or modified core strategies planned for implementation in the focus area to address the sources of pollutants and discharges. The selected strategies are expected to have multi-pollutant benefits and intended to address non- stormwater flows and reducing the source loading of bacteria. Reducing non-stormwater flows: (1) reduces the loading of pollutant constituent discharged through MS4 system; (2) reduces the amount of indicator bacteria regrowth and contributions that occurs with accumulated biofilm in MS4 systems that requires water; and (3) reduces the wet-weather contribution of indicator bacteria from scoured biofilm under higher velocity flows from storm discharges. Removing trash and sediment reduces the bacteria loading that is attached the trash and sediment. To accomplish the multi-benefit objectives in the CB-PA3, the City of Carlsbad will supplement its core jurisdictional program by implementing the following strategies: 1) Targeted street sweeping in the focus area will be a minimum frequency of every two weeks. 2) Perform property-based inspections/patrol inspections of each property in the CB-PA3 focus area at least once annually. These inspections will include: c. Visual inspection of all public streets d. Inspections of each existing development property: i. Municipal facilities and areas ii. Each commercial/industrial property iii. Each residential property 3) Maintain a maximum response time for complaints received via Storm Water Hotline, or other mechanism. The City will respond and arrive on-site within 45 minutes of notification to \uena Vista Creek HA (904.2) Page 81 eliminate any unauthorized discharge, identify the responsible party and minimize impacts to receiving waters. This response time is expected to eliminate discharges while they are occurring and provide an opportunity to immediately educate or enforce as necessary. 4) Enhancements to education program to include: a. Bacteria and other priority pollutant specific education and outreach program to be conducted in the CB-PA3 focus area for residents and commercial facilities related to bacteria and other priority pollutants. The materials will have an emphasis on discharges to the City's MS4 and the receiving waters impacts. b. Developing and implementing a training/seminar for property managers and others that have direct responsibility for common areas within HOAs and commercial properties. Educational materials and information will be developed and provided to the managers for them to distribute to their residents and tenants. c. As part of the residential outreach program, the City of Carlsbad will work with residents and property owners to educate through various means, which may include school programs, block parties or one-on-one meetings. 5) Implement Program Efficiencies - The City is implementing a new computer database which will allow for use with mobile devices which will increase the City's response time to IDDE reports, discoveries, complaints and monitoring investigations. This new computer database will also streamline inspections and allow for review of previous information while in the field. 6) Optional Strategies • Implement structural (engineered) BMPs or retrofitting existing structural BMPs to address flow and/or pollutant issues • Implement offsite alternative compliance program to place water quality improvement projects in the CB-PA3 focus area 3.2.3.4 City of Vista -Buena Vista 06 (BV06) Basin The Buena Vista 06 (BV06) Basin is a large sub-basin in the upper one-third ofthe Buena Vista Creek HA. The basin is completely within the City of Vista jurisdictional boundaries. The basin has high-density land use with a mixture of single family residential, commercial and multi-family land uses and includes homes, commercial buildings, apartment complexes, common areas, several schools and recreational park areas that include landscaping and turf, see Figure 22 below. The majority of this basin was developed prior to implementation of the City's Standard Urban Stormwater Mitigation Plan (SUSMP); therefore there relatively few treatment control BMPs have been established. Buena Vista Creek HA (904.2) Page 82 Figure 22: BV06 Basin Focus Area BV06 Basin Focus Area Interim and Final Numeric Goals Goals associated with this focus area are summarized in Table 25 below. These goals have been established as a part of this initial WQIP development process. As the Responsible Agencies progress through the first several years of implementation and learn through data collection and analysis, it is expected that these goals and schedules will likely change. As goals and schedules are adapted, they will be presented in future WQIP annual reports or updates to the WQIP document. Table 25: BVOG Basin Focus Area, Interim and Final Numeric Goals Interim Goal (2013-2018) 2018 Interim Goal (2018-2023) 2023 Interim Goal (2023-2028) 2028 Interim Goal (2028-2033) 2033 Final Goal (2033-2038) 2038 5% reduction in anthropogenic dry- weather surface water runoff 10% reduction in anthropogenic dry- weather surface water runoff 35% reduction in anthropogenic dry- weather surface water runoff 60% reduction in anthropogenic dry- weather surface water runoff 80% reduction in anthropogenic dry- weather surface water runoff ^ Flow reduction goals are currently based on best professional judgment as current flow data is not available. The goals may be adapted as monitoring data/information is gathered, analyzed and baselines are established. The means for achieving these goals are identified in the strategies discussion below. Mechanisms for measuring progress towards and ultimately achieving these goals are included in the monitoring, assessment and iterative process sections. Buena Vista Creek HA (904.2) Page 83 BV06 Basin Focus Area Strategies In addition to the core jurisdictional strategies, the following summarizes supplemental or modified core strategies planned for implementation in the focus area to address the sources of pollutants and discharges. The selected strategies are expected to have multi-pollutant benefits and intended to address non- stormwater flows and reduce the source loading of bacteria. Reducing non-stormwater flows: (1) reduces the loading of pollutant constituent discharged through MS4 system; (2) reduces the amount of indicator bacteria regrowth and contributions that occurs with accumulated biofilm in MS4 systems that requires water; and (3) reduces the wet-weather contribution of indicator bacteria from scoured biofilm under higher velocity flows from storm discharges. To accomplish the multi-benefit objectives in the BV06 Basin, the City of Vista will supplement its core jurisdictional program by implementing the following strategies: 1) Irrigation Runoff Reduction Program The objective of the Irrigation Runoff Reduction Program (IRRP) is to eliminate or reduce dry weather flow contributions coming from irrigation runoff, regardless of the time of day the discharges occur. Core program elements include: Developing municipal codes that prohibit irrigation runoff Developing educational materials and outreach program specific towards irrigation runoff Assessing dry weather flows at outfall(s) Identifying key times to perform site observations Perform site observations to identify sources of irrigation runoff Collaboration with City Public Works Department to address municipal property irrigation systems Collaboration with VID to identify sources and coordinate programs/outreach Initiating contact and correspondence with property managers/owners Periodically assessing flows Optionally developing and implementing an incentive program 2) Property-Based/Patrol Inspections The objective of this program is to reduce discharges to the MS4 and provide inspection of existing development in a more cost-efficient and effective manner. Features include: • Developing patrol and inspection protocols • Developing and conducting staff training • Conducting property-based/patrol inspections 3) Optional Strategies • Implement structural (engineered) BMPs or retrofitting existing structural BMPs to address flow and/or pollutant issues • Implement offsite alternative compliance program to place water quality improvement projects in the BV06 Basin 3.2.4 Buena Vista Creek HA Monitoring and Assessment The Responsible Agencies will conduct the following monitoring in the Buena Vista Creek HA including the collective watershed-wide monitoring activities described in Section 2.5: • Progress Toward Interim and Final Goals Buena Vista Creek HA (904.2) Page 84 • Dry Weather Special study • MS4 Outfall Monitoring (as described in Section 2.5) • JRMP Implementation (as described in Section 2.5) • Regulations and Policy (as described in Section 2.5) Progress Toward Interim and Final Goals To assess progress toward achieving the interim and final goals, the Buena Vista Creek HA Responsible Agencies will monitor selected outfalls periodically specifically for flow conditions, e.g., rates and volumes. At select outfalls, in addition to flow conditions, the Responsible Agencies will collect the following data as part of the MS4 Outfall Monitoring Program, at minimum, during dry weather conditions: Total Dissolved Solids • Nitrate • Zinc Total Suspended Solids • Total Kjeldhal Nitrogen • Total Coliform Total Hardness • Ammonia • Fecal Coliform (or E. Coli) Total Phosphorus • Cadmium • Enterococcus Orthophosphate • Copper Nitrite • Lead In addition, the selected outfalls will collect data to evaluate applicable NALs and 303d listed constituents as proposed in the MS4 Outfall Monitoring Plan that provides a tailored analyte list per HA. In order to assess program impacts, the Responsible Agencies will establish baseline flow conditions. It is anticipated that this will occur during the dry weather season of 2015. Future monitoring will provide flow conditions periodically to calculate percent change from baseline conditions. These calculated percent changes in flow conditions will be the assessment used to determine the progress towards achieving interim goals in the Buena Vista Creek HA. Responsible Agencies will also conduct a special study that will inform the data collection and assessment for determining progress towards achieving the final goals for the Buena Vista Creek HA. Details of the special study are below. Buena Vista Creek HA Special Study A Dry Weather Special Study will be developed to characterize temporal flow and fecal indicator bacteria patterns at selected persistently flowing major MS4 outfalls during summer dry weather conditions. The special study is related to indicator bacteria, which has been identified as a Highest Priority Water Quality Condition for the City of Carlsbad, City of Escondido, City of San Marcos, City of Solana Beach, and City of Vista and will be implemented in priority areas within their respective jurisdictions. The Dry Weather Special Study will address the following questions: • What is the baseline flow at the specified major MS4 outfalls during summer dry weather conditions? • What are the temporal flow patterns at specified major MS4 outfalls during summer dry weather conditions? • Are summer dry weather flows at the specified major MS4 outfalls contributing fecal indicator bacteria to the receiving water(s)? • What are the temporal patterns of indicator bacteria concentrations at specified major MS4 outfalls? Buena Vista Creek HA (904.2) Page 85 The study will: • Address data gaps related to temporal flow and FIB patterns at selected persistently flowing major MS4 outfalls during summer dry weather conditions. • Allow the Responsible Agencies to understand potential sources of flow and therefore more effectively target and control sources contributing to the Highest Priority Water Quality Condition. • Establish a baseline for flow during summer dry weather conditions with which to measure subsequent flow reductions. The Responsible Agencies will conduct the special study within the Buena Vista Creek HA to assess at an outfall level as well as collectively with other outfall data collected under the same special study throughout the WMA. The following components of the special study will be conducted: • Collect continuous flow monitoring data at specified major outfalls using automated flow meter and data logger. • Conduct monitoring events at selected major outfalls specified in Table 26: • Collect grab samples and analyze for fecal indicator bacteria (total coliform, fecal coliform, and Enterococcus) to identify critical conditions for bacteria • Record visual observations consistent with the transitional outfall monitoring program. • Collect in-situ physical parameters for pH, temperature, and specific conductivity. • Perform site observations at key times within the catchment areas and record all observed areas and/or sources with non-storm water flow. • Track flow patterns to sources for abatement or further investigation. Table 26: Dry Weather Data Collection by Jurisdiction for the Buena Vista Creek HA Item City of Carlsbad City of Vista Number of Focus Areas in Buena Vista Creek HA 3 1 Number of Outfalls for Continuous Flow Monitoring 3 1 Minimum Time for Continuous Flow Monitoring 2 weeks 2 weeks Minimum Number of Fecal Indicator Bacteria Samples at Each Outfall Where Flow is Measured 4 4 Total Number of Bacteria Samples 12 4 Assessment The Buena Vista Creek HA Responsible Agencies will perform assessments ofthe following elements: • Progress Toward Interim and Final Goals • Dry Weather Special Study As new data and information becomes available, the Responsible Agencies will perform an integrated assessment of the findings from the identified focused areas. The integrated assessment will evaluate the JRMP program implementation in relationship to the findings of the assessment for progress toward interim and final goals. This integrated assessment would be performed at this scale to identify relationships between the strategies implemented in the focus areas and outcomes related to the interim and final goals. The outcomes of this assessment could be used to help determine the effectiveness and efficiency of selected the strategies implemented. Longer-term assessments will be performed at the WMA scale as appropriate data and information is collected and assessed. Buena Vista Creek HA (904.2) Page 86 3.3 Agua Hedionda HA (904.3) The Agua Hedionda HA is the third largest within the CaHsbad WMA. The HA, dominated by Agua Hedionda Creek, extends approximately 10.6 miles inland from the coast and is about 18,800 acres in area, comprising 14% of the WMA. Agua Hedionda Creek originates on the southwestern slopes of the San Marcos Mountains in west central San Diego County and discharges into the Pacific Ocean via Agua Hedionda Lagoon. The primary water bodies in the HA include Aqua Hedionda Creek, Buena Creek, Letterbox Canyon, Agua Hedionda Lagoon and the Pacific Ocean. Most of the HA is in the City of Carlsbad (41%); the remainder is in Vista (24%) and San Diego County (24%) and small amounts in Oceanside and San Marcos. During the initial phase of the WQIP process, assessment of existing data determined that PWQC within the Agua Hedionda HA include: indicator bacteria in Agua Hedionda Creek; toxicity in Agua Hedionda Creek; nutrients in Agua Hedionda Creek; hydromodification impacts in Agua Hedionda Creek; and nitrate and nitrite in Buena Creek. Of these PWQCs, the HPWQC in the Agua Hedionda HA was determined to be indicator bacteria (dry and wet weather conditions) in Agua Hedionda Creek (June 2014 Carlsbad WMA WQIP submittal to RWQCB). Figure 23 below, shows the Agua Hedionda HA, HPWQC and focus areas. The focus areas and their associated strategies and goals are explained in more detail below. —~ ^^^^^^^^^^^^ Figure 23: Agua Hedionda Hydrologic Area Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions and Focus Areas Agua Hedionda HA (904.3) Page 87 3.3.1 Agua Hedionda HA Sources The following Table 27 presents a listing of inventoried sources in the Agua Hedionda HA and their association with HPWQCs and PWQCs based on source loading potential (2011 LTEA). It is important to note that the PWQC hydromodification is not presented in the table below. Hydromodification impacts occur as a result of general land development and not specific sources. Table 27: Pollutant Generating Sources - 904.3 Agua Hedionda Hydrologic Area Pollutant Source Loading Potential^ Inventory Sites/Facilities Quantities^ Metals Oil & Grease Sediment Pesticides Nutrients Bacteria/Pathogens Dissolved Minerals Organics >• _*j ]o "x o ^- Agriculture 4 L UL L L L L UK UL UK Animal Facilities 5 N UL L UK L L N L UK Auto Repair, Fueling, or Cleaning 67 L L UL UL UK UL L L UK Auto Parking Lots or Storage 27 L L L UK UK UK UL L UK Auto Body Repair or Painting 12 L L UL UL UL UL L L UK Nurseries/Greenhouses 59 L UL L L L L UL UL UK Building Materials Retail 2 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Chemical and Allied Products 4 UK UK UK UK UK UL N L UK Eating or Drinking Establishments 162 N L UL UK UK L UL L UK Equipment Repair or Fueling 40 L L UL UL UK UL UL L UK Fabricated Metal 42 L L UK UK UK UL UL L UK Food Manufacturing 21 UL UL UL UL UL UL UL UL UK General Contractors 51 UL UL L UL UL UL UL UL UK General Industrial 98 L L UK UK UK UK UK L UK General Retail 58 UL UL L UL UL UL UL UL UK Motor Freight 10 L L UK UK UK UK UL L UK Parks and Rec (incl. Golf, Cemetery) 4 UK UK UK UK L UK UL UK UK Pest Control Services 4 N UK N L N UK N UK UK Publicly Owned Treatment Works 1 UK UK UK N UK L UL UK UK Primary Metal 5 L UK UK UK UK UL N UK UK Recycling & Junk Yards 6 L L L UL UL UL L L UK Stone/Glass Manufacturing 10 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Storage/Warehousing 48 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Municipal 69 N N L N N UK UL N UK Construction Varies* UL UL L UL UL UL L UL UK Residential 6,613 acres L L L L L L L L UK The highest TTWQ rated sources within each HA based on the HPWQC are identified in the table (yellow highlight signifies HPWQC). The HPWQC is associated with the sources that are likely to generate those pollutants (blue highlight). The PWQP is highlighted in green and the associated sources that are likely to generate those pollutants are depicted with an "L". 1: Other sources are not reported in this table including: Land Development and Non-inventoried Businesses 2: Quantities based on the Responsible Agencies FY 2012 JURMP Annual Reports 3: Pollutant Source Loading Potential taken from LTEA 2011; N = None, UK = Unknown, UL = Unlikely, L = Ukely 4: The quantity of construction sites is dynamic due to projects starting and completing at any given time. Agua Hedionda HA (904.3) Page 88 3.3.2 Agua Hedionda HA Goals and Strategies 3.3.2.1 Agua Hedionda HA Goals Goals have not been established that apply to the entire Agua Hedionda HA. Separate goals have been established for each focus area and are presented in the sub-sections below. 3.3.2.2 Agua Hedionda HA Strategies The Table 28 identifies the Water Quality Improvement Strategies to be implemented throughout the entire Agua Hedionda HA and in some specific focus areas of the HA. In addition to the planned strategies, optional strategies are identified that may be implemented based on circumstances related to the progress Responsible Agencies make towards numeric goals and funding. The strategies associated with the focus areas are described further in the sub-sections below. As the Responsible Agencies implement strategies and analyze data, it is expected that these strategies and schedules may change through an iterative and adaptive management process. The adaptive management process is presented in Section 2.4. Agua Hedionda HA (904.3) Page 89 (s)je3Aajninj 0Z-6T Ad 6T-8T Ad Sl-Ll Ad Ll-91 Ad 9T-ST Ad (s)je3A iBDSij snojAaJd sapp!)sad luauijpas aseajg pue no sjuaumN SjeiaiAi AABBH qsBJi suaSoqied/euaiseg 17SIAI sai^lipej Su!>|jed pue ^uauidojaAapau )U3uido|dAaa puei Dliqnd iBjauag leiiuapisa^ |3UUOSJ3d pue sa)!s uo!pnj)suo3 sjauMO/sanin^Bj |epj3UJiuo3 pue |eu)snpu| saitjipej paxjj |edp!un|/\| apisueaao JO oSajQ ues |o Ajuno3 peqs|je3 p Ajp eisiA io AiiD so3jeiAi ues io MD E •> •5 Q: dl CO (U Q. U X .t; c a; cn "TO C > .2 03 TO •i: E Q 2 > no § o > n U 01 o U Q 5 QJ 00 E E i E E E ro O Si < X ro "a c o TD Ol X ClO < o Ol ClO CO s CT < X "D OJ C Qfl .2 2 T3 OJ X ro 3 \\\ 3.3.3 Agua Hedionda HA Focus Areas Concentrating program efforts in specific geographic areas to address known or suspected sources of discharges and pollutants is expected to improve the effectiveness ofthe strategies and activities. Based on the Responsible Agency review of the characteristics of the Agua Hedionda HA, several focus areas were selected for concentrated program efforts. These focus areas include the AH04 Basin and San SM-AH Basin. The goals and strategies for these focus areas are summarized below. 3.3.3.1 City of Vista -Agua Hedionda 04 (AH04) Basin The Agua Hedionda 04 (AH04) Basin is a large sub-basin located mid-watershed in the Agua Hedionda HA and discharges through a single outfall to a tributary channel approximately 2,000 feet upstream of Agua Hedionda Creek. The City of Vista identified the AH04 Basin as a focus area to concentrate strategy implementation. This focus area is completely within the City of Vista jurisdictional boundaries and has a mixture of single family residential, commercial and multi-family land uses. Land uses include homes, commercial buildings, apartment complexes, common areas, a high school and recreational park areas and a golf course that include landscaping and turf. The AH04 Basin is show in Figure 24 below. The majority of this basin was developed prior to implementation of the City's SUSMP; therefore relatively few treatment control BMPs have been established. Figure 24: AH04 Basin Focus Area Agua Hedionda HA (904.3) Page 92 AH04 Basin Focus Area Interim and Final Numeric Goals Goals associated with this focus area are summarized in Table 29 below. These goals have been established as a part of this initial WQIP development process. As the Responsible Agencies progress through the first several years of implementation and learn through data collection and analysis, it is expected that these goals and schedules will likely change. As goals and schedules are adapted, they will be presented in future WQIP annual reports or updates to the WQIP document. Table 29: AH04 Basin Focus Area, Interim and Final Numeric Goals Interim Goal (2013-2018) 2018^ Interim Goal (2018-2023) 2023^ Interim Goal (2023-2028) 2028' Interim Goal (2028-2033) 2033' Final Goal (2033-2038) 2038' 10% reduction in anthropogenic dry- weather surface water runoff 20% reduction in anthropogenic dry- weather surface water runoff 40% reduction in anthropogenic dry- weather surface water runoff 60% reduction in anthropogenic dry- weather surface water runoff 80% reduction in anthropogenic dry- weather surface water runoff adapted as monitoring data/information is gathered, analyzed and baselines are established. The means for achieving these goals are identified in the strategies discussion below. Mechanisms for measuring progress towards and ultimately achieving these goals are included in the monitoring, assessment and iterative process sections. AH04 Basin Focus Area Strategies In addition to the core jurisdictional strategies, the following summarizes supplemental or modified core strategies planned for implementation in the focus area to address the sources of pollutants and discharges. The selected strategies are expected to have multi-pollutant benefits and intended to address non- stormwater flows and reducing the source loading of bacteria. Reducing non-stormwater flows: (1) reduces the loading of pollutant constituent discharged through MS4 system; (2) reduces the amount of indicator bacteria regrowth and contributions that occurs with accumulated biofilm in MS4 systems that requires water; and (3) reduces the wet-weather contribution of indicator bacteria from scoured biofilm under higher velocity flows from storm discharges. To accomplish the multi-benefit objectives in the AH04 Basin, the City of Vista will supplement its core jurisdictional program by implementing the following strategies in this focus area: 1) Irrigation Runoff Reduction Program The objective of the IRRP is to eliminate or reduce dry weather flow contributions coming from irrigation runoff, regardless ofthe time of day the discharges occur. Core elements include: • Developing educational materials and outreach program specific towards irrigation runoff • Assessing dry weather flows at outfall(s) • Identifying key times to perform site observations • Perform site observations to identify sources of irrigation runoff • Collaboration with City Public Works Department to address municipal property irrigation systems • Initiating contact and correspondence with property managers/owners • Periodically assessing flows • Optionally developing and implementing an incentive program • Developing municipal codes that prohibit irrigation runoff Agua Hedionda HA (904.3) Page 93 2) Property-Based/Patrol Inspections The objective of this program is to reduce discharges to the MS4 and provide inspection of existing development in a more cost efficient and effective manner. Features include: • Developing patrol and inspection protocols • Developing and conducting staff training • Conducting property-based/patrol inspections 3) Optional Strategies • Implement structural (engineered) BMPs or retrofitting existing structural BMPs to address flow and/or pollutant issues • Implement offsite alternative compliance program to place water quality improvement projects in the AH04 Basin focus area 3.3.3.2 City of San Marcos - Agua Hedionda HA, SM-AH Focus Area The Agua Hedionda HA extends into the western portion of the City of San Marcos. The City of San Marcos identified SM-AH focus area to concentrate strategy implementation. The SM-AH focus area has a mixture of single family residential, commercial, industrial and multi-family land uses and includes homes, commercial buildings, mobile home park, nurseries, common areas that include landscaping and turf-see Figure 25 below. The majority of this basin was developed prior to implementation of the City's SUSMP; therefore relatively few treatment control BMPs have been established. SM-AH Focus Area ^ Agua Hedionda HA SM- AH Focus Area HPWQC Figure 25: SM-AH Focus Area Agua Hedionda HA (904.3) Page 94 Interim Goal Table 30: SM-AH F ocus Area, interim anc hinai Numeric vaoais Hilil IBI 10% reduction in 20% reduction in 40% reduction in 60% reduction in anthropogenic dry-anthropogenic dry-anthropogenic dry-anthropogenic dry- weather surface weather surface weather surface weather surface water runoff at water runoff at water runoff at water runoff at selected outfalls selected outfalls selected outfalls selected outfalls SM-AH Focus Area Interim and Final Numeric Goals Goals associated with this focus area are summarized in Table 30 below. These goals have been established as a part of this initial WQIP development process. As the Responsible Agencies progress through the first several years of implementation and learn through data collection and analysis, it is expected that these goals and schedules will likely change. As goals and schedules are adapted, they will be presented in future WQIP annual reports or updates to the WQIP document. Final Goal '2033-2038' 2038' 80% reduction in anthropogenic dry- weather surface water runoff at selected outfalls adapted as monitoring data/information is gathered, analyzed and baselines are established. The means for achieving these goals are identified in the strategies discussion below. Mechanisms for measuring progress towards and ultimately achieving these goals are included in the monitoring, assessment and iterative process sections. SM-AH Focus Area Strategies The City of San Marcos will implement their program core strategies within the focus area. In addition to the core jurisdictional strategies, the following summarizes supplemental or modified core strategies planned for implementation in the focus area to address the sources of pollutants and discharges. The selected strategies are expected to have multi-pollutant benefits and intended to address non- stormwater flows and reducing the source loading of bacteria. Reducing non-stormwater flows: (1) reduces the loading of pollutant constituent discharged through MS4 system; (2) reduces the amount of indicator bacteria regrowth and contributions that occurs with accumulated biofilm in MS4 systems that requires water; and (3) reduces the wet-weather contribution of indicator bacteria from scoured biofilm under higher velocity flows from storm discharges. To accomplish the multi-benefit objectives in the SM-AH focus area, the City of San Marcos will supplement its core jurisdictional program by implementing the following strategies: 1) Irrigation Runoff Reduction Program The objective of the IRRP is to eliminate or reduce dry weather flow contributions coming from irrigation runoff, regardless of the time of day the discharges occur. Core elements include: • Developing municipal codes that prohibit irrigation runoff • Developing educational materials and outreach program specific towards irrigation runoff • Assessing dry weather flows at outfall(s) • Identifying key times to perform site observations • Perform site observations to identify sources of irrigation runoff • Collaboration with the City of San Marcos Public Works Department to address municipal property irrigation systems • Initiating contact and correspondence with property managers/owners Agua Hedionda HA (904.3) Page 95 .No • Periodically assessing flows • Optionally developing and implementing an incentive program 2) Property-Based/Patrol Inspections The objective of this program is to reduce discharges to the MS4 and provide inspection of existing development in a more cost efficient and effective manner. Features include: • Developing patrol and inspection protocols • Developing and conducting staff training • Conducting property-based/patrol inspections The City of San Marcos will perform these property-based/patrol inspections multiple times per year at various times of the day to capture irrigation runoff and other non-authorized discharges as well as identify BMP issues. 3) City of San Marcos & Vallecitos Water District (VWD) Irrigation Runoff/Water Waster Program • The City of San Marcos and VWD staff collaborate and communicate regularly to share information regarding reports and complaints • Public water waster reporting is available on both the City of San Marcos and VWD websites • The City of San Marcos utilizes VWD developed door hangers for City field staff to distribute if water wasting is reported or observed at a property • The City of San Marcos developed template response letters identifying both the City of San Marcos and VWD requirements 4) City of San Marcos & VWD Fats, Oils, and Grease (FOG) Program Collaboration • Continue coordination between the City of San Marcos and VWD programs. The City of San Marcos anticipates a collaborative work effort between the City of San Marcos' inspection program and VWD's FOG program in order to reduce sewer backups and overflows that result from accumulation of FOG in the sewer system • VWD established an Ordinance to regulate FOG • VWD visited all of the Food Service Establishments (FSEs) within the City of San Marcos to provide an overview of the program and expectations • VWD created a guidance manual provided to each FSE that includes BMP information, maintenance requirements, and record keeping documents. The City of San Marcos is prepared to utilize these documents during independent inspections or investigations • VWD will inspect all FSEs at least once a year and collaborate with the City of San Marcos to perform dual inspections when needed • Inspection results for both parties will be shared regularly to better identify problem areas more efficiently 5) Home Owners Association (HOA) and Property Manger Outreach Program • The City of San Marcos will implement an education and outreach program that encourages and/or incentivizes HOAs and business property managers to implement measures to reduce dry weather and/or wet weather flows leaving their properties. Practices could include proper installation and maintenance of irrigation systems, conversion to drought tolerant landscaping, downspout disconnection, etc. 6) Enhancements to Education Program Agua Hedionda HA (904.3) Page 96 • Bacteria and other priority pollutant specific education and outreach program to be conducted in the SM-AH focus area for residents and commercial facilities related to bacteria and other priority pollutants. The materials will have an emphasis on discharges to the City of San Marcos' MS4 and the receiving waters impacts. • Developing and implementing a training/seminar for property managers and others that have direct responsibility for common areas within HOAs and commercial properties. Educational materials and information will be developed and provided to the managers for them to distribute to their residents and tenants. • As part of the residential outreach program, the City of San Marcos will work with residents and property owners to educate through various means, which may include school programs, block parties or one-on-one meetings. 7) Filter Retrofit Program • The City of San Marcos will continue to implement the filter upgrade program provided through an existing grant program. • Aging filters located within public facilities in need repair are retrofitted with new proprietary filter systems that contain media filters to treat dissolvable pollutants including nutrients and bacteria. 8) Optional Strategies • Implement structural (engineered) BMPs or retrofitting existing structural BMPs to address flow and/or pollutant issues • Implement offsite alternative compliance program to place water quality improvement projects in the SM-AH Basins 3.3.3.3 CB-PA2 Focus Area The CB-PA2 focus area is split into two drainage areas located south of Carlsbad Village Drive and CB- PAl. The northern portion of the focus area drains to the north towards Buena Vista Lagoon. The southern portion drains south towards Agua Hedionda Lagoon. This area is a mixture of single family residential, commercial and multi-family land uses and includes homes, commercial buildings, apartment complexes, common areas, a school and recreational park areas that include landscaping and turf - see Figure 26 below. Agua Hedionda HA (904.3) Page 97 I Miles 0 0.075 0.15 CB-PA2 Focus Area Agua Hedionda HA CB-PA2 Pacific Ocean rsC-^'Airbus DS USDA USGS Figure 26: CB-PA2 Focus Area CB-PA2 Focus Area Interim and Final Numeric Goals Goals associated with this focus area are summarized in Table 31 below. These goals have been established as a part of this initial WQIP development process. As the Responsible Agencies progress through the first several years of implementation and learn through data collection and analysis, it is expected that these goals and schedules will likely change. As goals and schedules are adapted, they will be presented in future WQIP annual reports or updates to the WQIP document. Table 31: CB-PA2 Focus Area, Interim and Final Numeric Goals Interim Goal (2013-2018) 2018' Interim Goal (2018-2023) 2023' Interim Goal (2023-2028) 2028' Interim Goal (2028-2033) 2033' Final Goal (2033-2038) 2038' 10% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff 20% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff 40% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff 60% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff 80% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff adapted as monitoring data/information is gathered, analyzed and baselines are established. Agua Hedionda HA (904.3) Page 98 The means for achieving these goals are identified in the strategies discussion below. Mechanisms for measuring progress towards and ultimately achieving these goals are included in the monitoring, assessment and iterative process sections. CB-PA2 Focus Area Strategies The City of Carlsbad (Carlsbad) will implement their program core strategies within the focus area. In addition to the core jurisdictional strategies, the following summarizes supplemental or modified core strategies planned for implementation in the focus area to address the sources of pollutants and discharges. The selected strategies are expected to have multi-pollutant benefits and intended to address non- stormwater flows and reducing the source loading of bacteria. Reducing non-stormwater flows: (1) reduces the loading of pollutant constituent discharged through MS4 system; (2) reduces the amount of indicator bacteria regrowth and contributions that occurs with accumulated biofilm in MS4 systems that requires water; and (3) reduces the wet-weather contribution of indicator bacteria from scoured biofilm under higher velocity flows from storm discharges. Removing trash and sediment reduces the bacteria loading that is attached the trash and sediment. To accomplish the multi-benefit objectives in the CB-PA2, the Carlsbad will augment its core jurisdictional program by making the following changes to its core program in this focus area: 1) Targeted street sweeping in the focus area will be a minimum frequency of every two weeks. 2) Perform property-based inspections/patrol inspections of each property in the CB-PA2 at least once annually. These inspections will include: a. Visual inspection of all public streets b. Inspections of each existing development property: Municipal facilities and areas Each commercial/industrial property Each residential property 3) Maintain a maximum response time for complaints received via Storm Water Hotline, or other mechanism. Carlsbad will have an Environmental Specialist respond and arrive on-site within 45 minutes of notification to eliminate any unauthorized discharge, identify the responsible party and minimize impacts to receiving waters. This response time is expected to eliminate discharges while they are occurring and provide an opportunity to immediately educate or enforce as necessary. 4) Enhancements to education program to include: a. Bacteria and other priority pollutant specific education and outreach program to be conducted in the CB-PA2 for residents and commercial facilities related to bacteria and other priority pollutants. The materials will have an emphasis on discharges to the Carlsbad's MS4 and the receiving waters impacts. b. Developing and implementing a training/seminar for property managers and others that have direct responsibility for common areas within HOAs and commercial properties. Educational materials and information will be developed and provided to the managers for them to distribute to their residents and tenants. c. As CB-PA2 has a high concentration of Spanish speaking residents, the Carlsbad will focus on distributing Spanish language outreach materials. Agua Hedionda HA (904.3) \ \ ^ Page 99 \ ^ d. As part of the residential outreach program, the CaHsbad will work with residents and property owners to educate through various means, which may include school programs, block parties or one-on-one meetings. 5) Implement Program Efficiencies - The Carlsbad's new computer database allows for use with mobile devices which will increase the Carlsbad's response time to IDDE reports, discoveries, complaints and monitoring investigations. This new computer database will also streamline inspections and allow for review of previous information while in the field. 6) Residential Area Strategies: a. At a minimum, biannual inspections will be conducted across the entire focus area b. Increased proactive monitoring of the area c. More focused education materials and outreach events 7) Optional Strategies • Implement structural (engineered) BMPs or retrofitting existing structural BMPs to address flow and/or pollutant issues • Implement offsite alternative compliance program to place water quality improvement projects in the CB-PA2 focus area 3.3.4 Agua Hedionda HA Monitoring and Assessment The Responsible Agencies will conduct the following monitoring in the Agua Hedionda HA including the collective watershed-wide monitoring activities described in Section 2.5: Progress Toward Interim and Final Goals Dry Weather Special Study MS4 Outfall Monitoring (as described in Section 2.5) JRMP Implementation (as described in Section 2.5) Regulations and Policy (as described in Section 2.5) Progress Toward Interim and Final Goals To assess progress toward achieving the interim and final goals, the Agua Hedionda HA Responsible Agencies will monitor selected outfalls periodically specifically for flow conditions, e.g., rates and volumes. At select outfalls, in addition to flow conditions, the Responsible Agencies will collect the following data as part of the MS4 Outfall Monitoring Program, at minimum, during dry weather conditions: • Nitrate • Total Kjeldhal Nitrogen • Ammonia • Cadmium • Copper • Lead Total Dissolved Solids Total Suspended Solids Total Hardness Total Phosphorus Orthophosphate Nitrite Zinc Total Coliform Fecal Coliform (or E. Coli) Enterococcus In addition, the selected outfalls will collect data to evaluate applicable NALs and 303d listed constituents as proposed in the MS4 Outfall Monitoring Plan that provides a tailored analyte list per HA. In order to assess program impacts, the Responsible Agencies will establish baseline flow conditions. It is anticipated that this will occur during the dry weather season of 2015. Future monitoring will provide flow conditions periodically to calculate percent change from baseline conditions. These calculated Agua Hedionda HA (904.3) Page 100 percent changes in flow conditions will be the assessment used to determine the progress towards achieving interim goals in the Agua Hedionda HA. Responsible Agencies will also conduct a special study that will inform the data collection and assessment for determining progress towards achieving the final goals for the Agua Hedionda HA. Details ofthe special study are below. Agua Hedionda HA Special Study A Dry Weather Special Study will be developed to characterize temporal flow and fecal indicator bacteria patterns at selected persistently flowing major MS4 outfalls during summer dry weather conditions. The special study is related to indicator bacteria, which has been identified as a Highest Priority Water Quality Condition for the City of Carlsbad, City of Escondido, City of San Marcos, City of Solana Beach, and City of Vista and will be implemented in priority areas within their respective jurisdictions. The Dry Weather Special Study will address the following questions: • What is the baseline flow at the specified major MS4 outfalls during summer dry weather conditions? • What are the temporal flow patterns at specified major MS4 outfalls during summer dry weather conditions? • Are summer dry weather flows at the specified major MS4 outfalls contributing fecal indicator bacteria to the receiving water(s)? • What are the temporal patterns of indicator bacteria concentrations at specified major MS4 outfalls? The study will: • Address data gaps related to temporal flow and fecal indicator bacteria patterns at selected persistently flowing major MS4 outfalls during summer dry weather conditions. • Allow the Responsible Agencies to understand potential sources of flow and therefore more effectively target and control sources contributing to the Highest Priority Water Quality Condition, • Establish a baseline for flow during summer dry weather conditions with which to measure subsequent flow reductions. The Responsible Agencies will conduct the special study within the Agua Hedionda HA to assess at an outfall level as well as collectively with other outfall data collected under the same special study throughout the WMA. The following components ofthe special study will be conducted: • Collect continuous flow monitoring data at specified major outfalls using automated flow meter and data logger. • Conduct monitoring events at selected major outfalls specified in Table 32 • Collect grab samples and analyze for fecal indicator bacteria (total coliform, fecal coliform, and Enterococcus) to identify critical conditions for bacteria • Record visual observations consistent with the transitional outfall monitoring program. • Collect in-situ physical parameters for pH, temperature, and specific conductivity. • Perform site observations at key times within the catchment areas and record all observed areas and/or sources with non-storm water flow. • Track flow patterns to sources for abatement or further investigation. Agua Hedionda HA (904.3) ^ \ Page 101 J Table 32: Dry Weather Data Collection by Jurisdiction for the Item City of Carlsbad City of Vista City of San Marcos Number of Focus Areas in Agua Hedionda HA 1 1 1 Number of Outfalls for Continuous Flow Monitoring 1 1 1 Minimum Time for Continuous Flow Monitoring 2 weeks 2 weeks 2 weeks Minimum Number of Fecal Indicator Bacteria Samples at Each Outfall Where Flow is Measured 4 4 4 Total Number of Bacteria Samples 4 4 4 Assessment The Agua Hedionda HA Responsible Agencies will perform assessments ofthe following elements: • Progress Toward Interim and Final Goals • Dry Weather Special Study As new data and information becomes available, the Responsible Agencies will perform an integrated assessment of the findings from the identified focused areas. The integrated assessment will evaluate the JRMP program implementation in relationship to the findings of the assessment for progress toward interim and final goals. This integrated assessment would be performed at this scale to identify relationships between the strategies implemented in the focus areas and outcomes related to the interim and final goals. The outcomes of this assessment could be used to help determine the effectiveness and efficiency of selected the strategies implemented. Longer-term assessments will be performed at the WMA scale as appropriate data and information is collected and assessed. Agua Hedionda HA (904.3) Page 102 3.4 Encinas HA (904.4) The Encinas HA is 3,400 acres in size, making it the second smallest within the WMA. The HA extends inland from the coast 2.4 miles and the highest elevation within the drainage is approximately 430 feet above mean sea level. The HA begins as a small drainage behind an industrial area where it is immediately channelized. The Encinas Creek continues down through industrial and office parks associated with Palomar Airport until it reaches the lower valley area. It then makes its way to the Pacific Ocean after crossing Interstate 5 and Pacific Coast Highway. The Encinas HA is entirely within CaHsbad and is located between the Agua Hedionda and San Marcos HAs (Figure 27). The only significant receiving water body within Encinas HA is the Pacific Ocean. 0 01 0.2 0.4 Figure 27: Encinas Hydrologic Area Encinas HA (904.4) Page 103 3.4.1 Encinas HA Sources The following table presents a listing of inventoried sources in the Encinas HA Table 33: Pollutant Generating Sources - 904.4 Encinas Hydrologic Area Pollutant Source Loading Potential^ Inventory Sites/Facilities' Quantities^ Metals Oil &. Grease Sediment Pesticides Nutrients Bacteria/Pathogens Dissolved Minerals Organics Toxicity Agriculture 4 L UL L L L L UK UL UK Animal Facilities 5 N UL L UK L L N L UK Auto Repair, Fueling, or Cleaning 67 L L UL UL UK UL L L UK Auto Parking Lots or Storage 27 L L L UK UK UK UL L UK Auto Body Repair or Painting 12 L L UL UL UL UL L L UK Nurseries/Greenhouses 59 L UL L L L L UL UL UK Building Materials Retail 2 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Chemical and Allied Products 4 UK UK UK UK UK UL N L UK Eating or Drinking Establishments 162 N L UL UK UK L UL L UK Equipment Repair or Fueling 40 L L UL UL UK UL UL L UK Fabricated Metal 42 L L UK UK UK UL UL L UK Food Manufacturing 21 UL UL UL UL UL UL UL UL UK General Contractors 51 UL UL L UL UL UL UL UL UK General Industrial 98 L L UK UK UK UK UK L UK General Retail 58 UL UL L UL UL UL UL UL UK Motor Freight 10 L L UK UK UK UK UL L UK Parks and Rec (incl. Golf, Cemetery) 4 UK UK UK UK L UK UL UK UK Pest Control Services 4 N UK N L N UK N UK UK Publicly Owned Treatment Works 1 UK UK UK N UK L UL UK UK Primary Metal 5 L UK UK UK UK UL N UK UK Recycling & Junk Yards 6 L L L UL UL UL L L UK Stone/Glass Manufacturing 10 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Storage/Warehousing 48 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Municipal 69 N N L N N UK UL N UK Construction Varies" UL UL L UL UL UL L UL UK Residential 6,613 acres L L L L L L L L UK The highest TTWQ rated sources within each HA based on the HPWQC are identified in the table (yellow highlight signifies HPWQC). The HPWQC is associated with the sources that are likely to generate those pollutants (blue highlight). The PWQP is highlighted in green and the associated sources that are likely to generate those pollutants are depicted with an "L". 1: other sources are not reported in this table including: Land Development and Non-inventoried Businesses 2: Quantities based on the Responsible Agencies FY 2012 JURMP Annual Reports 3: Pollutant Source Loading Potential taken from LTEA 2011; N = None, UK = Unknown, UL = Unlikely, L = Ukely 4: The quantity of construction sites is dynamic due to projects starting and completing at any given time. 3.4.2 Encinas HA Goals and Strategies 3.4.2.1 Encinas HA Goals Goals have not been established that apply throughout the entire Encinas HA. Encinas HA (904.4) Page 104 3.4.2.2 Encinas HA Strategies The following Table 34 identifies the Water Quality Improvement Strategies to be implemented throughout the entire Encinas HA. As the City of Carlsbad implements strategies and analyze data, it is expected that these strategies and schedules may change through the iterative and adaptive management process. 3.4.3 Encinas HA Monitoring and Assessment Monitoring The City of Carlsbad will conduct the following monitoring in the Encinas HA: • MS4 Outfall Monitoring (as described in Section 2.5) • JRMP Implementation (as described in Section 2.5) • Regulations and Policy (as described in Section 2.5) Assessment The City of CaHsbad will perform assessments on the data and information collected Encinas HA (904.4) Page 105 (s)jeax \eosij ajn^nj 0Z-6T Ad 6T-8T Ad 8T-ZT Ad ^T-9T Ad 9T-ST Ad (s)je3A leosjd snoiAaJd sapposad ;uauj!pas aseajc) pue no s)uau)n|\j s|e)a|/\j AABBH suaSoq^ed/euapeg t7SlAI sajiiipej Suj^fjed pue sAe/v\q3iH 's^aajts 'speoy }uaujdo|aAapad 9 luauidojaAag puei Dliqnd iBjauag lejiuapjsad jauuosjad pue saijs uo!pnj)suo3 sjau/no / samipej lepjauiuio^ pue leuisnpuj sajijipej paxij ledpmni/M peqs|je3 p Ajp g E E 00 nj 5 g 2 4-. .12 Ol E e <u _ Q. 2 E 2 < ^ QD 2 CL 3.5 San Marcos HA (904.5) The San Marcos Hydrologic Area is the second largest within the WMA. The HA is about 36,000 acres in area and comprises approximately 28% ofthe Carlsbad WMA. The major receiving waters within the HA are San Marcos Creek, Encinitas Creek, Batiquitos Lagoon, and the Pacific Ocean. San Marcos Creek originates on the western slopes of the Merriam Mountains in west central San Diego County and discharges in to the Pacific Ocean, 14.6 miles away, via Batiquitos Lagoon. Encinitas Creek is another one of the major tributaries in the HA, originating in the hills southwest of Questhaven Road and paralleling El Camino Real before it converges with San Marcos Creek at the southeastern corner of Batiquitos Lagoon. The highest elevation within the HA is approximately 1,540 feet above mean sea level. Lake San Marcos is the largest impoundment within the HA. The Cottonwood Creek sub-basin is also located in this HA which drains a portion of Encinitas directly into the Pacific Ocean. The San Marcos HA is primarily located in the cities of San Marcos, Carlsbad, Encinitas, and the County of San Diego, with a small portion in Escondido. The San Marcos HA has two distinctive areas separated by the Lake San Marcos impoundment - the Upper and Lower San Marcos HA areas. The Upper Hydrologic Area includes drainage areas in the County of San Diego, and the cities of San Marcos and Escondido, that runoff through Upper San Marcos Creek to Lake San Marcos. The Lower Hydrologic Area consists of portions of the cities of Carlsbad, Encinitas, San Marcos and Vista. During the initial phase of the WQIP process, assessment of existing data determined that the PWQCs within the San Marcos HA include: indicator bacteria at the Pacific Ocean Shoreline at Moonlight Beach; phosphorous in San Marcos Creek; toxicity in San Marcos Creek; and nutrients in San Marcos Lake. Of these PWQC, the HPWQC in the San Marcos HA was determined to be indicator bacteria (dry and wet weather conditions) at the Pacific Ocean Shoreline at Moonlight Beach (June 2014 Carlsbad WMA WQIP submittal to RWQCB). Figure 28 below, shows the San Marcos HA, HPWQC and focus areas. The focus areas and their associated strategies and goals are explained in more detail below. Regulatory Drivers The Pacific Ocean Shoreline of the San Marcos HA has been identified as a waterbody subject to the requirements of San Diego Beaches and Creeks Project I Bacteria TMDL. The TMDL is for REC-1 beneficial use impairments of waterbodies throughout San Diego County. Based on analysis conducted in 2012^ it was determined that the Pacific Ocean shoreline at San Marcos HA would not have qualified for REC-1 beneficial use impairment at any time. Therefore, the HA was inappropriately included in the TMDL. The San Marcos HA Responsible Agencies are not responsible for any further Bacteria TMDL action, including preparation and submittal of a Load Reduction Plan or Monitoring Plan, as long as monitoring data continues to support compliance with water quality standards. However, if at any time, the Pacific Ocean Shoreline becomes impaired under the Listing Policy^ the Responsible Agencies will make appropriate modifications to the WQIP to meet the requirements ofthe Bacteria TMDL. The Responsible Agencies will monitor the Pacific Ocean receiving waters and assess the potential for further TMDL actions. ^ San Marcos Hydrologic Area Responsible Parties analyzed available monitoring data in 2012 and presented to RWQCB ' California Water Quality Control Policy for Developing California's Clean Water Act Section 303(d) List San Marcos HA (904.5) Page 107 The agencies in the upper portion of the San Marcos HA, tributary to Lake San Marcos, are currently involved in participation agreements with the RWQCB^. The intent of the participation agreement is to develop solutions to water quality impairments in Lake San Marcos and for the portion of San Marcos Creek upstream of Lake San Marcos. The process is currently on-going and when results are finalized, they will be incorporated into the Carlsbad WQIP, if appropriate. Figure 28: San Marcos Hydrologic Area Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions and Focus Areas 3.5.1 San Marcos HA Sources The following Table 35 presents a listing of inventoried sources in the San Marcos HA and their association with HPWQCs and PWQCs based on source loading potential (2011 LTEA). Lake San Marcos voluntary marcos.ca.us/index.aspx?paRe-529 participation agreement: for more information see http://www.ci.san- San Marcos HA (904.5) Page 108 Table 35: Pollutant Generating Sources - 904.5 San Marcos Hydrologic Area Pollutant Source Loading Potential^ Inventory Sites/Facilities^ Quantities'' Metals Oil & Grease Sediment Pesticides Nutrients Bacteria/Pathogens Dissolved Minerals Organics foxicity Aggregates/Mining 1 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Animal Facilities 45 N UL L UK L L N L UK Auto Repair, Fueling, or Cleaning 136 L L UL UL UK UL L L UK Auto Parking Lots or Storage 4 L L L UK UK UK UL L UK Auto Body Repair or Painting 48 L L UL UL UL UL L L UK Nurseries/Greenhouses 96 L UL L L L L UL UL UK Building Materials Retail 30 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Chemical and Allied Products 4 UK UK UK UK UK UL N L UK Concrete Manufacturing 4 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Eating or Drinking Establishments 501 N L UL UK UK L UL L UK Equipment Repair or Fueling 87 L L UL UL UK UL UL L UK Fabricated Metal 39 L L UK UK UK UL UL L UK Food Manufacturing 30 UL UL UL UL UL UL UL UL UK General Contractors 129 UL UL L UL UL UL UL UL UK General Industrial 76 L L UK UK UK UK UK L UK General Retail 65 UL UL L UL UL UL UL UL UK Health Services 1 N UL L UK L UL UK L UK Motor Freight 23 L L UK UK UK UK UL L UK Offices 2 UK UK UK UK UK UK UK UK UK Parks and Rec (incl. Golf, Cemetery) 9 UK UK UK UK L UK UL UK UK Pest Control Services 1 N UK N L N UK N UK UK Pool and Fountain Cleaning 5 N N N N UK N N UK UK Publicly Owned Treatment Works 3 UK UK UK N UK L UL UK UK Primary Metal 1 L UK UK UK UK UL N UK UK Recycling &. Junk Yards 4 L L L UL UL UL L L UK Roads, Streets & Parking 1 L L L UL L L L L UK Stone/Glass Manufacturing 10 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Storage/Warehousing 108 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Municipal 119 N N L N N UK UL N UK Construction Varies" UL UL L UL UL UL L UL UK Residential 12,977 acres L L L L L L L L UK The highest TTWQ rated sources within each HA based on the HPWQC are identified in the table (yellow highlight signifies HPWQC). The HPWQC is associated with the sources that are likely to generate those pollutants (blue highlight). The PWQP is highlighted in green and the associated sources that are likely to generate those pollutants are depicted with an "I". 1: other sources are not reported in this table including: Land Development and Non-inventoried Businesses 2: Quantities based on the Responsible Agencies FY 2012 JURMP Annual Reports 3: Pollutant Source Loading Potential taken from LTEA 2011; N = None, UK = Unknown, UL = Unlikely, L = Ukely 4: The quantity of construction sites is dynamic due to projects starting and completing at any given time. San Marcos HA (904.5) Page 109 3.5.2 San Marcos HA Goals and Strategies 3.5.2.1 San Marcos HA Goals While the San Marcos HA is not currently impaired for REC-1 beneficial uses along the Pacific Ocean Shoreline, the area is still included as part of the TMDL requirements of the MS4 Permit Attachment E, Section 6. As a result, the Responsible Agencies have established both interim and final goals for wet and dry weather in the HA that are consistent with the TMDL requirements for indicator bacteria. The goals identify both receiving water and MS4 targets in order to provide opportunities to demonstrate progress toward or achievement of the goals. The goals, although technically required of the entire HA that ultimately drains to the Pacific Ocean Shoreline, are primarily related to the Lower Hydrologic Area (downstream of Lake San Marcos). These goals are outlined in Table 36 and Table 37. There are proposed changes to the interim goals, as allowed in the Permit. These changes are justified by the RAs having not been required to develop and implement a Load Reduction Plan (LRP) to date - see discussion in Section 2.5 Regulatory Drivers above. Since the RAs have not had to develop and implement a LRP, the WQIP will act as the planning and implementation document to address the TMDL in this HA. The WQIP will not become effective until years after the original LRP would have been developed and implemented, therefore creating a time gap and justification for differing interim compliance schedules. The means for achieving these goals are identified in the strategies discussion below. Mechanisms for measuring progress towards and ultimately achieving these goals are included in the monitoring, assessment and iterative process sections. San Marcos HA (904.5) Page 110 •7^ 00 ro o "ro c •CJ c ro ro OJ Q < ro c ro ro 01 Sl .ro ro rf) O O o ob O I- in «N Si o c ro 0? lis s § E £ 2f - $ QD S -9 C <U O ro -Q t; ^ 03 5 Q. C 0) o o ro to R C (1) £ QJ '5 cr 0) Q: c ro <U O m -Q T5 < 5 (D o o - (U (U o E ro 2 •F ^ QO ^ o ^ sl ^ OJ C <J ro a; 0) QJ -Q -a 3 •D QJ OJ -a o ^ o U. Q. < I- 0 o o E 2 .11 ro o ^ E Q) (TJ Q. 2f 1 - OJ I 00 T3 QJ 1° 0) o E S OJ o Oi) ^ OJ c ro ro m ro E ^ o ?> E o .- o E 2 O Ql =r o E ..y .t; Q. 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J2 E ro o u 3 _j ro Q c E 1— o "(5 ^*— c Ul load the o ro QJ du ce QJ c ra ro 3 QJ ul ro ra 5 _QJ ing nab > o :e Wl ro QJ QJ 0) JZ ides c > o l/l c o. o 11 ro ro JZ UJI nd ~ ra QJ ^_ ~o ro O ro In QJ Bo oo U c c ro ro C recei' xceed Regio ro <u <u c QJ JZ ne >-ne o 4-* *"* XJ I.— oo QJ o c Ul QJ uti :ep CJ -Q w U c ro ra ro XJ c vt QJ o QJ CJ ro U X QJ or sz U X QJ 00 a. na 'Co a QJ cau ro ro Ul no en' Demon :fall are Implem _QJ_ mo o CJl I/) QJ O CUD o ro ro °- 3.5.2.2 San Marcos HA Strategies The following Table 38 identifies the Water Quality Improvement Strategies to be implemented throughout the entire San Marcos HA and in some specific focus areas of the HA. In addition to the planned strategies, optional strategies are identified that may be implemented based on circumstances related to the progress Responsible Agencies make towards numeric goals and funding. The strategies associated with the focus areas are described further in the sub-sections below. 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E E Co 00 — _ QJ a O o o c QJ XJ .> > .- g OJ fc ac 13 Q- QJ < H 1;^ E QJ .9 LU 13 O 3.5.3 San Marcos HA Focus Areas Concentrating program efforts in specific geographic areas to address known or suspected sources of discharges and pollutants are expected to improve the effectiveness of the strategies and activities. Based on the Responsible Agencies review of the characteristics of the San Marcos HA, several areas of focus were selected for concentrated program efforts. The focus areas in the Lower HA include the Cottonwood Creek Drainage Area and Second Street Drainage Area (within the Cottonwood Creek Drainage Area). In the Upper HA the focus areas include the City of San Marcos jurisdiction within the San Marcos HA and the County's Lake San Marcos drainage areas: CAR 068, CAR 069, CAR 070 and CAR 072. The goals, targeted outcomes, and strategies for these focus areas are summarized below. 3.5.3.1 Cottonwood Creek Drainage Area The Cottonwood Creek Drainage Area is located in the lower San Marcos HA. The City has identified this drainage area and a sub-area, the 2"^^ Street Drainage Areas to focus additional strategies. Both focus areas are completely within the City of Encinitas jurisdictional boundaries and have a variety of land uses including a mixture of single-family residential, commercial and multi-family, commercial buildings, apartment complexes, nurseries, common areas and recreational park areas that include landscaping and turf. The focus areas are show in Figure 29 below. Cottonwood Creek Drainage Area I I Carisbad WMA j Cottonwood Creek Drarnage Area I Second Street Drainage Area ,; Pacific Ocean 0 0.1 02 0.4 Sou'ce Es" DigiiaiGloDe Geof,-p Figure 29: Cottonwood Creek and 2nd Street Drainage Areas San Marcos HA (904.5) Page 117 V Cottonwood Creek Drainage Basin Interim and Final Numeric Goals Goals have not been established separately for Cottonwood Creek and Second Street Drainage Basins. The goals associated with these focus areas are the same goals that apply throughout the entire San Marcos Hydrologic Area, as shown in Table 36 and Table 37 above. Cottonwood Creek and 2""^ Street Drainage Basin Strategies The City of Encinitas (Encinitas) has been implementing program strategies throughout its jurisdiction to control pollutants and non-stormwater discharges from its MS4 system, including the Cottonwood Creek drainage basin. Encinitas will implement their program core strategies within the focus area. In addition to the core jurisdictional strategies, the following summarizes supplemental or modified core strategies planned for implementation in the focus area to address the sources of pollutants and discharges. The selected strategies are specifically intended to address non-stormwater flows and thereby expected to have multi-pollutant benefits as well as reduce the source loading of bacteria. Reducing non- stormwater flows: (1) reduces the loading of pollutant constituents discharged through the MS4 system; (2) reduces the amount of indicator bacteria regrowth in the enclosed portion of the MS4 system; and (3) reduces the wet-weather contribution of indicator bacteria from scoured biofilm during high velocity storm flows. To accomplish the multi-benefit objectives in the Cottonwood Creek Basin, the Encinitas will supplement its core jurisdictional program by implementing the following strategies in the focus areas: 1) Operation of the Ultraviolet Bacteria Treatment Facility Encinitas has operated an UV treatment system just upstream of Cottonwood Creek since 2005. Encinitas will continue to operate and maintain the treatment facility during dry weather conditions. The system effectively eliminates 99% of the indicator bacteria passing through the system. 2) Ultraviolet Bacteria Treatment Facility Upgrade Feasibility Study Encinitas will perform a feasibility study to determine if modifications to the operations of the treatment facility would yield beneficial results from wet weather operation. The study will evaluate whether operating the UV facility outside the typical dry season would affect water quality downstream. The results of this study will be used in conjunction with a bacteria monitoring study to assess compliance with current water quality standards. The resulting analysis will inform the Encinitas of options for modifying treatment facility operations to improve effectiveness. After evaluating the feasibility and monitoring studies, the Encinitas may initiate changed operations at its UV treatment facility as an optional strategy. 3) Low Impact Development Retrofit Program Encinitas is currently preparing a Low Impact Development (LID) Retrofit program specific to the Cottonwood Creek Drainage Basin. The LID Retrofit program consists of a two pronged implementation approach with a goal of improved source control and treatment control throughout the watershed. The program will include a) concept designs for proposed LID retrofit projects, and b) public education designed to compel residents to become watershed stewards by installing LID features in their yards. San Marcos HA (904.5) Page 118 Encinitas is siting and preparing conceptual designs for four (4) LID retrofit projects. One of the criterion for site selection is the opportunity to intercept and redirect non-storm water flows from the Encinitas's MS4 system. Once the designs have been completed, Encinitas will seek funding opportunities to construct these optional strategies in this basin. To further the public's understanding and knowledge of LID as an effective mechanism for water quality improvements, Encinitas will implement a pilot project to educate and motivate homeowners to reduce irrigation runoff and/or wet weather flows by implementing: • Landscape water conservation practices (drip irrigation, turf reduction, etc.) • Small-scale LID features (downspout disconnects, bioretention basins, etc.). Existing water conservation incentives will be promoted through the program. Existing incentives include rebates for turf removal and installation of drip irrigation, both of which reduce overall water use and irrigation runoff. The pilot project will focus on the neighborhoods along Pacific View Lane and Sea View Court within the Cottonwood Creek Drainage Basin. This neighborhood was targeted due to observed presence of irrigation runoff. Based on lessons learned from the pilot project, Encinitas may choose to expand the program to cover additional neighborhoods within the Cottonwood Creek Drainage Area. 4) Evaluate Sanitary Sewer Maintenance and Overflow Prevention Encinitas will evaluate sewer system maintenance frequencies and FOG program policies, including procedures targeted at private laterals, to protect the Moonlight Beach Shoreline. While Encinitas has not had sanitary sewer overflows (SSO)s recently, evaluating Encinitas 's Sanitary Sewer Maintenance Plan is important as a proactive step. Based on the findings ofthe evaluation, Encinitas may make modifications to its maintenance program to prevent SSOs. 5) Home Owners Association and Property Manager Outreach Program Encinitas will implement an education and outreach program that encourages and/or incentivizes HOAs and business property managers to implement measures to reduce dry weather and/or wet weather flows leaving their properties. Practices could include proper installation and maintenance of irrigation systems, conversion to drought tolerant landscaping, downspout disconnection, etc. 6) Plastic Bag Ban Encinitas passed an ordinance banning distribution of single use plastic bags on August 20, 2014. The ban applies to large retailers, grocery stores, drug stores, convenience stores, and mini-markets in spring 2015 and to farmers markets and all other retailers in fall 2015. 2"" Street Sub-Basin In the 2""* Street sub-basin, where there is a relatively higher concentration of commercial businesses including restaurants. In addition to the strategies listed above, Encinitas will implement the following: Increased Inspection Frequency for Highest Pollutant Potential Commercial Sources More frequent inspections will be targeted at specific high-threat areas or activities in the 2nd Street sub-basin. High priority sites will be inspected twice per year, which is two times more than the minimum commercial inspection requirements mandated in the Municipal Permit. San Marcos HA (904.5) Page 119 3.5.3.2 City of San Marcos - San Marcos HA Focus Area The San Marcos HA extends into the center portion of the City of San Marcos near the upper portion of the HA. Within the City of San Marcos there are four sub-basins that are a part of the San Marcos HA. The basins have a mixture of commercial, industrial, single-family residential, and multi-family land uses. Nearly all of the four sub-basins drain through Upper San Marcos Creek to Lake San Marcos. Within the four sub-basins, the City of San Marcos has identified B, C, and D Drainage Areas as their focus areas. These focus areas are considered a higher threat to water quality due to their proximity to tributary channels to San Marcos Creek and the business nature of the land uses (commercial and industrial) coupled with various residential land uses in each basin. The focus areas are shown below in Figures Figure 30, Figure 31Figure 32 below. These focus areas were selected to specifically address the PWQCs of nutrients and phosphorous in San Marcos Creek and Lake San Marcos. San Marcos Drainage Basin B San Marcos HA San Marcos Drainage Basin B 0 0.2 0.4 Figure 30: San Marcos Drainage Basin B San Marcos HA (904.5) Page 120 Figure 32: San Marcos Drainage Basin D San Marcos HA (904.5) Page 121 Son Marcos B, C and D Drainage Basin Interim and Final Numeric Goals Numeric goals have not been established separately for San Marcos B, C and D Drainage Basins. However, the City of San Marcos is focused on targeted outcomes in the four focused areas. For each of the focus areas, the City of San Marcos has developed the following targeted outcomes: Interim Targeted Interim Targeted Focus Areas, interim a id Final Targeted Outc Final Targeted Outcome Outcome Outcome Outcome Outcome (2013-2018) ——. ....1 (2018-2023) (2023-2028) (2028-2033) 1 (2033-2038) 1 2018 2023^ 2028^ 2033^ 2038 10% reduction in 20% reduction in 40% reduction in 60% reduction in 80% reduction in anthropogenic dry-anthropogenic dry-anthropogenic dry-anthropogenic dry-anthropogenic dry- weather surface weather surface weather surface weather surface weather surface water runoff at water runoff at water runoff at water runoff at water runoff at selected outfalls selected outfalls selected outfalls selected outfalls selected outfalls adapted as monitoring data/information is gathered, analyzed and baselines are established. Son Marcos B, C and D Drainage Basin Strategies The City of San Marcos will implement its program core strategies within these focus areas. In addition to the core jurisdictional strategies, the following summarizes supplemental or modified core strategies planned for implementation in the focus area to address the sources of pollutants and discharges. The selected strategies are expected to have multi-pollutant benefits and intended to address non- stormwater flows and reducing the source loading of nutrients. Reducing non-stormwater flows: (1) reduces the loading of pollutant constituent discharged through MS4 system; (2) reduces the amount of indicator bacteria regrowth and contributions that occurs with accumulated biofilm in MS4 systems that requires water; and (3) reduces the wet-weather contribution of indicator bacteria from scoured biofilm under higher velocity flows from storm discharges. To accomplish the multi-benefit objectives in the San Marcos B, C and D Basins, the City of San Marcos will supplement its core jurisdictional program by implementing the following strategies in these focus areas: 1) Irrigation Runoff Reduction Program The objective of the IRRP is to eliminate or reduce dry weather flow contributions coming from irrigation runoff, regardless of the time of day the discharges occur. Core elements include: • Developing municipal codes that prohibit irrigation runoff • Developing educational materials and outreach program specific towards irrigation runoff • Assessing dry weather flows at outfall(s) • Identifying key times to perform site observations • Perform site observations to identify sources of irrigation runoff • Collaboration with the City of San Marcos Public Works Department to address municipal property irrigation systems • Initiating contact and correspondence with property managers/owners • Periodically assessing flows • Optionally developing and implementing an incentive program 2) Property-Based/Patrol Inspections San Marcos HA (904.5) Page 122 The objective of this program is to reduce discharges to the MS4 and provide inspection of existing development in a more cost efficient and effective manner. Features include: • Developing patrol and inspection protocols • Developing and conducting staff training • Conducting property-based/patrol inspections The City of San Marcos will perform these property-based/patrol inspections multiple times per year at various times of the day to capture irrigation runoff and other non-authorized discharges as well as identify BMP issues. 3) City of San Marcos & Vallecitos Water District (VWD) Irrigation Runoff/Water Waster Program • The City of San Marcos and VWD staff collaborate and communicate regularly to share information regarding reports and complaints • Public water waster reporting is available on both the City of San Marcos and VWD websites • The City of San Marcos utilizes VWD developed door hangers for City field staff to distribute if water wasting is reported or observed at a property • The City of San Marcos developed template response letters identifying both the City of San Marcos and VWD requirements 4) City of San Marcos & VWD FOG Program Collaboration • Continue coordination between the City of San Marcos and VWD programs. The City of San Marcos anticipates a collaborative work effort between the City of San Marcos' inspection program and VWD's FOG program in order to reduce sewer backups and overflows that result from accumulation of FOG in the sewer system • VWD established an Ordinance to regulate FOG • VWD visited all of the FSEs within the City of San Marcos to provide an overview of the program and expectations • VWD created a guidance manual provided to each FSE that includes BMP information, maintenance requirements, and record keeping documents. The City of San Marcos is prepared to utilize these documents during independent inspections or investigations • VWD will inspect all FSEs at least once a year and collaborate with the City of San Marcos to perform dual inspections when needed • Inspection results for both parties will be shared regularly to better identify problem areas more efficiently 5) HOA and Property Manger Outreach Program • The City of San Marcos will implement an education and outreach program that encourages and/or incentivizes HOAs and business property managers to implement measures to reduce dry weather and/or wet weather flows leaving their properties. Practices could include proper installation and maintenance of irrigation systems, conversion to drought tolerant landscaping, downspout disconnection, etc. 6) Enhancements to Education Program • Bacteria and other priority pollutant specific education and outreach program to be conducted in the B, C and D focus areas for residents and commercial facilities related to bacteria and other priority pollutants. The materials will have an emphasis on discharges to the City of San Marcos' MS4 and the receiving waters impacts. San Marcos HA (904.5) Page 123 • Developing and implementing a training/seminar for property managers and others that have direct responsibility for common areas within HOAs and commercial properties. Educational materials and information will be developed and provided to the managers for them to distribute to their residents and tenants. • As part of the residential outreach program, the City of San Marcos will work with residents and property owners to educate through various means, which may include school programs, block parties or one-on-one meetings. 7) Civic Center Landscape Conversion Demonstration Project • This program's objectives are to: o Provide measurable water use efficiency and water quality benefits in receiving waters. o Demonstrate the link between irrigation runoff reduction and associated reductions in pollutant concentrations and loading. • To meet the objectives, this program will use landscape renovation, advances in irrigation technology, flow and water quality monitoring prior to and post renovation, and an education/outreach program. 8) Filter Retrofit Program • The City of San Marcos will continue to implement the filter upgrade program provided through an existing grant program. • Aging filters located within public facilities in need repair are retrofitted with new proprietary filter systems that contain media filters to treat dissolvable pollutants including nutrients and bacteria. 9) Optional Strategies • Implement structural (engineered) BMPs or retrofitting existing structural BMPs to address flow and/or pollutant issues • Implement offsite alternative compliance program to place water quality improvement projects in the San Marcos B, C and D Drainage Basins 3.5.3.3 County of San Diego -San Marcos HA Focus Areas four of the County of San Diego's (County) major storm drain outfalls in the San Marcos HA have persistent flows and are tributary to Lake San Marcos. The unincorporated area that makes up the four drainage areas have a range of land use types (residential, residential with some agriculture, commercial businesses, roads, etc.) which includes activities with likely potential for pollutant source loading. The focus areas are shown below in Figure 33 below. San Marcos HA (904.5) Page 124 Figure 33: County of San Diego San Marcos HA Focus Areas County of San Diego CAR 068, CAR 069, CAR 070 and CAR 072 Interim and Final Targeted Outcomes These targeted outcomes are in conjunction with the numeric goals established in the County's focus areas within the Escondido Creek HA. Numeric goals have not been established separately for the County's San Marcos HA Focus Areas. However, the County is focused on targeted outcomes in the four focused areas. These targeted outcomes have been established as a part of this initial WQIP development process. As the County progresses through the first several years of implementation and learns through data collection and analysis, it is expected that these targeted outcomes and schedules will likely change. As targeted outcomes and schedules are adapted, they will be presented in future WQIP annual reports or updates to the WQIP document. The dry weather targeted outcomes were established to reduce dry weather flow in storm drains, in order to reduce pollutant loading to water bodies during dry weather. This will be accomplished through the implementation of JRMP strategies to reduce dry weather runoff, as described in the County JRMP. For the grouping of seven identified persistently flowing major MS4 outfalls in the County's jurisdiction within the entire Carlsbad WMA, the County has set targeted outcomes of eliminating anthropogenic flows from one major storm drain outfall that discharges to receiving waters, during each Permit term, until all anthropogenic flows have been effectively eliminated. Targeted outcomes are expressed in Table 40 below. San Marcos HA (904.5) Page 125 Table 40: County of San Diego San Marcos HA Focus Areas, Interim and Final Targeted Outcomes Interim Targeted Outcome (2013-2018) 2018' Interim Targeted Outcomes (2018-2043) 2023^ and each subsequent five year period Final Targeted Outcome (2043-2048) 2048' Effectively eliminate anthropogenic dry weather flows''^ from one persistently flowing outfall^ Effectively eliminate anthropogenic dry weather flows''^ from one additional persistently flowing outfall' Effectively eliminate anthropogenic dry weather flows''^ from one additional persistently flowing outfall^ each subsequent permit term, until all flows have been effectively eliminated persistent flow. The targeted outcomes may be adapted as monitoring data is collected and analyzed. ^ Here and throughout this table, the term "dry weather flows" excludes groundwater, other exempt or permitted non- stormwater flows, and sanitary sewer overflows. ^ The County of San Diego is concerned that a long-term funding source is not identified for constructing and maintaining structural BMPs, if structural BMPs are needed to meet compliance. The implementation of strategies to achieve goals will depend upon approval of funding in future annual budgets. County of San Diego CAR 068, CAR 069, CAR 070 and CAR 072 Drainage Basin Strategies The County of San Diego Watershed Protection Program (WPP) will shift to a more active field program to better locate and abate dry weather flow. WPP Stormwater Staff will increase the amount of time spent in unincorporated communities, identifying nuisance anthropogenic flows and addressing them through appropriate education and enforcement strategies. County staff will continue to be trained to identify and report illicit discharges and illicit connections during required annual stormwater training. This training has been updated to reflect recent Permit changes. In addition to the increase in County staff field surveillance, WPP will also implement a focused program to reduce flows at targeted MS4 outfalls that have demonstrated persistent dry weather flow conditions. Using collected dry weather monitoring data collected, the County has identified priority outfalls in the Carlsbad Watershed that will be monitored regularly for dry weather flow. If dry weather flows are detected, staff will initiate a field investigation to seek out and abate the source of flow. The County will implement their core jurisdictional program strategies within the focus area. In addition to the core jurisdictional strategies, the following summarizes supplemental or modified core strategies planned for implementation in the focus area to address the sources of pollutants and discharges. The selected strategies are expected to have multi-pollutant benefits and intended to address non- stormwater flows and reducing the source loading of bacteria. Addressing non-stormwater flows: (1) reduces the loading of pollutant constituent discharged through MS4 system; (2) reduces the amount of indicator bacteria regrowth and contributions that occurs with accumulated biofilm in MS4 systems that requires water; and (3) reduces the wet-weather contribution of indicator bacteria from scoured biofilm under higher velocity flows from storm discharges. To accomplish the multi-benefit objectives, the County will supplement its core jurisdictional program by implementing the following strategies in these focus areas: 1) Active Field Program to Identify and Address Dry Weather Flows - The focused area was selected based on strategic assessments, including review of 303(d) listings, monitoring data, and persistent flows. Field staff will conduct surveillance and may employ various tools to reduce pollutant loads and non-stormwater flows, including outreach efforts including over- V San Marcos HA (904.5) Page 126 irrigation focus, pet waste, HOA, and landscaper outreach. New outreach materials will be developed for use in focused inspections. 2) Updated Focused Training for County Field Staff - Field Staff training to be updated with information on HPWQCs identified in WQIP and the pollutant sources and pollutant generating activities that may be associated with the HPWQCs. 3) BMP Manual Training - External - The BMP Manual for new and redevelopment will be updated and training/outreach will be provided to the development industry. 4) Promote Rain Barrel Incentive Programs - Promoting partners programs for rainwater harvesting rebates. Partner agencies including the MWD, local water districts, and the SDCWA. Example: MWD - www.socalwatersmart.com 5) Collaborate with Partner Agencies to Promote Incentive Programs for BMP Retrofits - Promoting incentives for water conservation and landscape retrofits through partner agencies (same as above) such as turf replacement, sprinkler head nozzle replacements, smart irrigation controllers, etc. Incentive programs may be developed for this program if funding is available. 6) Promote Live Turf Replacement Incentive Program - Promote turf replacement programs for replacement with California Friendly plants. 7) Promote Water-Smart Incentive for Outdoor Water Efficiency as part of the public-private partnership - Development of Sustainable Landscape Program is underway with partners including: SDCWA, City of San Diego, Surfrider Foundation, the Association of Compost Producers, and the County. Developing guidelines will promote water conservation, the building healthy soils, and sustainable practices. 8) Develop, Improve, Distribute Outreach Materials for Existing Development - Develop outreach materials to raise awareness of stormwater and urban runoff concerns. Materials would promote behaviors that will improve water quality downstream. 9) Educational Workshops - Continue to sponsor workshops for specific target audiences and pollutants of concern, including: manure management and composting workshops for horse owners; integrated pest management and gardening workshops for residents interested in gardening and more sustainable landscape practices; and rain water harvesting classes to encourage capturing rain from roofs for landscape use. 10) Education & Outreach Effectiveness Surveys - A baseline survey was completed by the County of registered voters in the unincorporated area to gauge stormwater knowledge and awareness. Additionally, pre- and post-surveys will be conducted during educational workshops to ensure that programs are effectively reaching the attendees demonstrating an improvement in knowledge, awareness, and likely-hood of changing behaviors to be less polluting. 11) Optional Strategies- • Consider feasibility of developing an alternative compliance program, and if developed consider constructing structural controls to reduce priority water pollutants. • Investigate feasibility of developing a Green Streets Program San Marcos HA (904.5) Page 127 Consider improvements to tracking watershed-based inventories via consolidated database Develop an Equestrian BMP Handbook Investigate the feasibility of an inspections tracking program via mobile platform - miles, violations, etc. Investigate the feasibility of improvements to inspections data tracking through mobile phone Investigate the feasibility of developing and implementing an incentive program for BMP Retrofits in areas of existing development Develop Sustainable Landscapes Outreach Program based on available grant funding Investigate feasibility of stream, channel, and/or habitat rehabilitation projects and identify project partners Consider development of incentive programs for water conservation (turf replacement, smart irrigation controllers, irrigation modifications, sustainable landscapes, rain barrels), in collaboration with water agencies and others, to reduce priority pollutants Consider development of incentive programs, in collaboration with the Department of Environmental Health, for pumping septic systems in high risk areas adjacent to waterways (within 600 ft.) or stormwater system; subject to grant funding availability Consider partnerships with Master Gardeners to provide education opportunities on water use and practices for gardening Consider collaboration with community groups to provide "boots on the ground" local information to focus implementation efforts on reducing bacteria and other pollutants, close to the source Consider collaboration with County internal departments to leverage mutually beneficial projects to promote retrofits to include installation of controls to address priority pollutants, or land acquisition efforts to preserve open space, if feasible Consider collaboration with watershed partners to encourage consistent messaging to specific targeted audiences (commercial, residents, and others) to conserve water and mitigate dry weather flows Consider collaboration with watershed partners on Round 4 of Proposition 84 Integrated Regional Water Management (IRWM) grant opportunities to fund targeted educational programs, building of structural controls (brick and mortar projects), or incentive programs to reduce runoff from the stormwater conveyance system Consider collaboration with watershed partners and Regional Water Quality Control Board on effective measures to reduce potential impact of pollutant loads to waterways from unauthorized encampments Consider collaboration with wastewater agencies to identify where sewer and stormwater infrastructure are in close proximity and confirm the absence of flow at nearby stormwater conveyance outfalls during dry weather, conduct additional investigations to identify and mitigate flow if present Consider collaboration with watershed partners to remove invasive non-native plants (Arundo) upstream areas of rivers or tributaries to increase flood and fire protection and reduce the number of unauthorized encampments on the river bottom In collaboration with the Department of Environmental Health, consider developing program for on-site wastewater treatment (septic) systems. May include mapping and risk assessment, inspection, or maintenance practices. Consider the implementation of focused pet waste projects to reduce bacteria pollution V San Marcos HA (904.5) Page 128 • Consider investigating diverting persistent dry weather flows from storm drains to sanitary sewer, where feasible • Consider the design of structural controls for persistent unpermitted dry weather flows where outreach has been unsuccessful and groundwater or other non-MS4 sources has been ruled out • Consider developing a strategy to evaluate opportunities to naturalize concrete stormwater conveyances, and identify potential funding sources (such as grants) for design and implementation • Consider collaboration with the Department of Agriculture, Weights and Measures (AWM) to evaluate and reprioritize the AWM's stormwater program to determine inspection priorities. 3.5.4 San Marcos HA Monitoring and Assessment The Responsible Agencies will conduct the following monitoring in the San Marcos HA including the collective watershed-wide monitoring activities described in Section 2.5: Progress Toward Interim and Final Goals Bacteria TMDL Monitoring at Moonlight Beach Dry Weather Special Study Bacteria Special Study (Bight 13) MS4 Outfall Monitoring (as described in Section 2.5) JRMP Implementation (as described in Section 2.5) Regulations and Policy (as described in Section 2.5) Progress Toward Interim and Final Goals To assess progress toward achieving the interim and final goals, the San Marcos HA Responsible Agencies will monitor selected outfalls periodically specifically for flow conditions, e.g., rates and volumes. At select outfalls, in addition to flow conditions, the Responsible Agencies will collect the following data as part of the MS4 Outfall Monitoring Program, at minimum, during dry weather conditions: Total Dissolved Solids • Nitrate • Zinc Total Suspended Solids • Total Kjeldhal Nitrogen • Total Coliform Total Hardness • Ammonia • Fecal Coliform (or E. Coli) Total Phosphorus • Cadmium • Enterococcus Orthophosphate • Copper Nitrite • Lead In addition, the selected outfalls will collect data to evaluate applicable NALs and 303d listed constituents as proposed in the MS4 Outfall Monitoring Plan that provides a tailored analyte list per HA. In order to assess program impacts, the Responsible Agencies will establish baseline flow conditions. It is anticipated that this will occur during the dry weather season of 2015. Future monitoring will provide flow conditions periodically to calculate percent change from baseline conditions. These calculated percent changes in flow conditions will be the assessment used to determine the progress towards achieving interim goals in the San Marcos HA. Responsible Agencies will also conduct a special study that will inform the data collection and assessment for determining progress towards achieving the final goals for the San Marcos HA. Details of the special study are below. San Marcos HA (904.5) Page 129 Bacteria TMDL Compliance Monitoring Compliance monitoring during wet and dry weather will be conducted each year at the AB411 monitoring site (EH-420) located within the Pacific Ocean shoreline segment at Moonlight State Beach. The data generated will be used to address the following questions: • Are TMDL numeric targets for fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) being met at the compliance monitoring locations? • Are levels of FIB decreasing at the compliance monitoring locations? Dry weather monitoring will be conducted by the City of Encinitas on dry weather days, after an antecedent dry period of 72 hours with less than 0.1 inch of rainfall, in accordance with the MS4 Permit. Consistent with historical AB 411 Program requirements, dry weather sampling will be conducted weekly between April 1 and October 31, when recreational activities are more likely to occur. Weekly dry weather samples will be collected so that at least five samples are collected in each calendar month (30 days). During the wet season (October 1 through April 30), the City of Encinitas will conduct monthly dry weather monitoring (at a minimum) and wet weather monitoring during one to three storm events. Wet weather samples will be collected within 72 hours after end of rainfall. Storms resulting in greater than 0.1 inch of precipitation will be targeted for sample collection. Fecal indicator bacteria (FIB) are the target constituents for the Pacific Ocean Shoreline at Moonlight State Beach, as indicated in Attachment E ofthe MS4 Permit. The proposed Bacteria TMDL Monitoring Plan describes detailed monitoring procedures and analytical methods that are illustrative and may be revised on the basis of site-specific environmental conditions and updated methodology. Son Marcos HA Dry Weather Special Study A Dry Weather Special Study will be developed to characterize temporal flow and fecal indicator bacteria patterns at selected persistently flowing major MS4 outfalls during summer dry weather conditions. The special study is related to indicator bacteria, which has been identified as a Priority Water Quality Condition for this HA and the City San Marcos will implement this study in priority areas within their jurisdiction. The Dry Weather Special Study will address the following questions: • What is the baseline flow at the specified major MS4 outfalls during summer dry weather conditions? • What are the temporal flow patterns at specified major MS4 outfalls during summer dry weather conditions? • Are summer dry weather flows at the specified major MS4 outfalls contributing fecal indicator bacteria to the receiving water(s)? • What are the temporal patterns of indicator bacteria concentrations at specified major MS4 outfalls? The study will: • Address data gaps related to temporal flow and fecal indicator bacteria patterns at selected persistently flowing major MS4 outfalls during summer dry weather conditions. ^^X^ San Marcos HA (904.5) \ - Page 130 • Allow the City of San Marcos to understand potential sources of flow and therefore more effectively target and control sources contributing to the Highest Priority Water Quality Condition. • Establish a baseline for flow during summer dry weather conditions with which to measure subsequent flow reductions. The City of San Marcos will conduct the special study at an outfall level as well as collectively with other outfall data collected under the same special study throughout the WMA. The following components of the special study will be conducted: • Collect continuous flow monitoring data at specified major outfalls using automated flow meter and data logger. • Conduct monitoring events at selected major outfalls specified in Table 41 • Collect grab samples and analyze for fecal indicator bacteria (total coliform, fecal coliform, and Enterococcus) to identify critical conditions for bacteria • Record visual observations consistent with the transitional outfall monitoring program. • Collect in-situ physical parameters for pH, temperature, and specific conductivity. • Perform site observations at key times within the catchment areas and record all observed areas and/or sources with non-storm water flow. • Track flow patterns to sources for abatement or further investigation. Table 41: Dry Weather Data Collection by Jurisdiction for the San Marcos HA Item City of San Marcos Number of Focus Areas in San Marcos HA 3 Number of Outfalls for Continuous Flow Monitoring 3 Minimum Time for Continuous Flow Monitoring 2 weeks Minimum Number of Fecal Indicator Bacteria Samples at Each Outfall Where Flow is Measured 4 Total Number of Bacteria Samples 12 Son Marcos HA Microbiology Drainage Water Special Study MS4 drainages may greatly influence the exceedance frequency of water quality standards for Enterococcus, a type of fecal indicator bacteria at beaches. However, as stated in the Bight '13 Microbiology Drainage Water Study Work Plan, "because Enterococcus is a non-specific indicator of fecal material, the extent to which these flows contain human fecal contamination is unclear". The goal of the study is to assess the extent of human fecal contamination from coastal drainages to the ocean to inform managers as to the extent of the problem and to assist in prioritizing individual sites for remediation efforts or adoption of alternative management strategies (Griffith, 2010). The City of Encinitas has elected to participate in the Bight '13 Microbiology Drainage Water Study as it will generate data to characterize the potential contribution of human fecal contamination from the San Marcos HA to Moonlight Beach and to inform strategies or management actions related to indicator bacteria. Each agency participating in the program will sample within its jurisdiction at selected sites and samples will be analyzed for a human-associated fecal marker (HF183) to gauge the presence of human fecal material in each sample (Griffith, 2010). Overall, twenty-six sites will be sampled during dry weather and twenty-four during wet weather or storm conditions. Both frequency and magnitude of San Marcos HA (904.5) Page 131 human signal will be considered for assessing the extent of human fecal contamination using the percentage of samples positive for human fecal material at each site and across the region. Assessment The San Marcos HA Responsible Agencies will perform assessments ofthe following elements: • Progress Toward Interim and Final Goals • Bacteria TMDL Monitoring at Moonlight Beach • Dry Weather Special Study • Bacteria Special Study (Bight 13) As new data and information becomes available, the Responsible Agencies will perform an integrated assessment of the findings from the identified focused areas. The integrated assessment will evaluate the JRMP program implementation in relationship to the findings of the assessment for progress toward interim and final goals. This integrated assessment would be performed at this scale to identify relationships between the strategies implemented in the focus areas and outcomes related to the interim and final goals. The outcomes of this assessment could be used to help determine the effectiveness and efficiency of selected the strategies implemented. Longer-term assessments will be performed at the WMA scale as appropriate data and information is collected and assessed. /J\/ San Marcos HA (904.5) \ ^ Page 132 3.6 Escondido Creek HA (904.6) The Escondido Creek Hydrologic Area is the largest and most complex system within the WMA. The HA extends approximately 24.6 miles inland from the coast and totals 54,100 acres in the area, comprising 40% of the WMA. Escondido Creek watershed originates in Bear Valley in north central San Diego County and discharges into the Pacific Ocean via San Elijo Lagoon. Elevations within the HA range from sea level to 2,420 feet on the ridges above Bear Valley in the vicinity of Daley Ranch, a 3,000 acre conservation area managed by the City of Escondido. There are two reservoirs within the watershed: Lake Wohlford and Dixon Lake. Over half ofthe HA is in unincorporated areas ofthe County (55%). The remaining is in the cities of Escondido and Encinitas, with a small portion in San Marcos and Solana Beach. The primary receiving waters are Escondido Creek, Lake Wohlford, Lake Dixon, Reidy Creek, San Elijo Lagoon, and the Pacific Ocean. During the initial phase of the Water Quality Improvement Plan process, assessment of existing data determined that the PWQCs within the Escondido Creek HA include: indicator bacteria in Escondido Creek and San Elijo Lagoon; toxicity in Escondido Creek; nutrients in Escondido Creek; sediment/siltation in San Elijo Lagoon; and eutrophic condition in San Elijo Lagoon. Of these PWQC, the HPWQC in the Escondido Creek HA was determined to be indicator bacteria in Escondido Creek (wet weather conditions) and San Elijo Lagoon (dry weather conditions) (June 2014 Carlsbad WMA WQIP submittal to RWQCB). Figure 34 below, shows the Escondido Creek HA, HPWQC and focus areas. The focus areas and their associated strategies and goals are explained in more detail below. yi'^-cn <.f.. -tJfcity-jjj .•.*)^.fj. 'loit^uti, ;wtii.-jr'ii>u>-!i;.ite- ii-l.'J-I/'MI Figure 34: Escondido Creek HA Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions and Focus Areas Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 133 3.6.1 Escondido Creek HA Sources The following Table 42 presents a listing of inventoried sources in the Escondido Creek HA and their association with HPWQCs and PWQCs based on source loading potential (2011 LTEA). The PWQC, eutrophic condition, is included in the "nutrients" category in the table below. Table 42: Pollutant Generating Sources - 904.6 Escondido Creek Hydrologic Area Pollutant Source Loading Potential^ Inventory Sites/Facilities^ Quantities^ 01 athogens i/linerals Metals ro OJ oa o Sediment Pesticides Nutrients Bacteria/P; Dissolved f Organics Toxicity Animal Facilities 25 N UL L UK L L N L UK Auto Repair, Fueling, or Cleaning 306 L L UL UL UK UL L L UK Auto Parking Lots or Storage 97 L L L UK UK UK UL L UK Auto Body Repair or Painting 38 L L UL UL UL UL L L UK Nurseries/Greenhouses 29 L UL L L L L UL UL UK Building Materials Retail 24 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Concrete Manufacturing 5 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Eating or Drinking Establishments 410 L UL UK UK L UL L UK Equipment Repair or Fueling 40 L L UL UL UK UL UL L UK Fabricated Metal 53 L L UK UK UK UL UL L UK Food Manufacturing 11 UL UL UL UL UL UL UL UL UK General Contractors 155 UL UL L UL UL UL UL UL UK General Industrial 53 L L UK UK UK UK UK UK General Retail 156 UL UL L UL UL UL UL UL UK Health Services 8 N UL L UK L UL UK L UK Motor Freight 17 L L UK UK UK UK UL L UK Offices 8 UK UK UK UK UK UK UK UK UK Parks and Rec 7 UK UK UK UK L UK UL UK UK Pest Control Services 15 N UK N L N UK N UK UK Publicly Owned Treatment Works 1 UK UK UK N UK L UL UK UK Primary Metal 4 L UK UK UK UK UL N UK UK Recycling & Junk Yards 10 L L L UL UL UL L L UK Roads, streets & Parking 1 L L L UL L L L L UK Stone/Glass Manufacturing 21 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK storage/Warehousing 30 L L L UL UL UL UL L UK Municipal 100 N N L N N UK UL N UK Construction Varies UL UL L UL UL UL L UL UK Residential 18,910 acres L L L L L L L L UK The highest TTWQ rated sources within each HA based on the HPWQC are identified in the table (yellow highlight signifies HPWQC). The HPWQC is associated with the sources that are likely to generate those pollutants (blue highlight). The PWQP is highlighted in green and the associated sources that are likely to generate those pollutants are depicted with an "L". 1: Other sources are not reported in this table including: Land Development and Non-inventoried Businesses 2: Quantities based on the Responsible Agencies FY 2012 JURMP Annual Reports 3: Pollutant Source Loading Potential taken from LTEA 2011; N = None, UK = Unknown, UL = Unlikely, L = Likely 4: The quantity of construction sites is dynamic due to projects starting and completing at any given time. Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 134 3.6.2 Escondido Creek HA Goals and Strategies 3.6.2.1 Escondido Creek HA Goals Goals have not been established that apply to the entire Escondido Creek Hydrologic Area. Separate goals have been established for each focus area and are presented in the sub-sections below. 3.6.2.2 Escondido Creek HA Strategies The following Table 43 identifies the Water Quality Improvement Strategies to be implemented throughout the entire Escondido Creek HA and in some specific focus areas of the HA. In addition to the planned strategies, optional strategies are identified that may be implemented based on circumstances related to the progress Responsible Agencies make towards numeric goals and funding. The strategies associated with the focus areas are described further in the sub-sections below. As the Responsible Agencies implement strategies and analyze data, it is expected that these strategies and schedules may change through the iterative and adaptive management process. The adaptive management process is presented in Section 2.4. 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Based on the Responsible Agencies review of the characteristics of the Escondido Creek HA, several areas of focus were selected for concentrated program efforts. These focus areas include the City of Solana Beach within the Escondido Creek HA, two drainage basins in the City of Encinitas (Cardiff Channel Drainage Area and San Elijo JPA Outfall at Cardiff) and three basins in the City of Escondido (ESC 113, ESC 128, and ESC 134). The goals and strategies for these focus areas are summarized below. 3.6.3.1 Solana Beach Drainage Area The San Elijo Lagoon is on the northern border of the City of Solana Beach. The City of Solana Beach has identified the entire portion of the City that discharges towards the lagoon as its focus area, shown in Figure 35 below. The area is primarily single-family residential land use with some commercial areas, multi-family residential, an elementary school, a portion of a golf course, common areas and recreational park areas that include landscaping and turf. The majority of this basin was developed prior to implementation of the City of Solana Beach SUSMP, therefore relatively few treatment control BMPs have been established. Figure 35: Solana Beach Drainage Area/Focus Area Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 140 Solana Beach Drainage Area Interim and Final Numeric Goals Goals associated with this focus areas are summarized in Table 44 below. These goals have been established as a part of this initial WQIP development process. As the City of Solana Beach progresses through the first several years of implementation and learns through data collection and analysis, it is expected that these goals and schedules will likely change. As goals and schedules are adapted, they will be presented in future WQIP annual reports or updates to the WQIP document. Table 44: Solana Beach Drainage Area, Interim and Final Numeric Goals Interim Goal (2013-2018) 2018^ Interim Goal (2018-2023) 2023' Interim Goal (2023-2028) 2028' Interim Goal (2028-2033) 2033' Final Goal (2033-2038) 2038' 10% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff at selected outfalls 20% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff at selected outfalls 40% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff at selected outfalls 60% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff at selected outfalls 80% reduction in anthropogenic surface water runoff at selected outfalls • . .-^. -.^ . , r - J - ' - adapted as monitoring data/information is gathered, analyzed and baselines are established. The means for achieving these goals are identified in the strategies discussion below. Mechanisms for measuring progress towards and ultimately achieving these goals are included in the monitoring, assessment and iterative process sections. City of Solana Beach Drainage Area Strategies The City of Solana Beach will implement their program core strategies within the focus area. In addition to the core jurisdictional strategies, the following summarizes supplemental or modified core strategies planned for implementation in the focus area to address the sources of pollutants and discharges. The selected strategies are expected to have multi-pollutant benefits and intended to address non- stormwater flows and reducing the source loading of bacteria. Reducing non-stormwater flows: (1) reduces the loading of pollutant constituent discharged through MS4 system; (2) reduces the amount of indicator bacteria regrowth and contributions that occurs with accumulated biofilm in MS4 systems that requires water; and (3) reduces the wet-weather contribution of indicator bacteria from scoured biofilm under higher velocity flows from storm discharges. To accomplish the multi-benefit objectives, the City of Solana Beach will supplement its core jurisdictional program by implementing the following strategies in this focus area: 1) Irrigation Runoff Reduction Program The objective of the IRRP is to eliminate or reduce dry weather flow contributions coming from irrigation runoff, regardless of the time of day the discharges occur. Core elements include: Developing municipal codes that prohibit irrigation runoff Developing educational materials and outreach program specific towards irrigation runoff Assessing dry weather flows at outfall(s) Identifying key times to perform site observations Perform site observations to identify sources of irrigation runoff Collaboration with the City of Solana Beach Public Works Department to address municipal property irrigation systems Initiating contact and correspondence with property managers/owners Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 141 V • Periodically assessing flows • Optionally developing and implementing an incentive program 2) Property-Based/Patrol Inspections The objective of this program is to reduce discharges to the MS4 and provide inspection of existing development in a more cost efficient and effective manner. Features include: • Developing patrol and inspection protocols • Developing and conducting staff training • Conducting property-based/patrol inspections The City of Solana Beach will perform these property-based/patrol inspections multiple times per year at various times of the day to capture irrigation runoff and other non-authorized discharges as well as identify BMP issues. 3) Plastic Bag Ban The City of Solana Beach passed an ordinance banning distribution of single use plastic bags. The ban became effective for all grocery stores and pharmacies on August 9, 2012 and for all other retail stores on November 9, 2012. 4) Santa Rosita and Santa Florencia Slope Drainage Collection In January 2014, the City of Solana Beach approved plans for a slope drain diversion structure that diverts water collected in subdrains along the slopes of Santa Rosita and diverts it in the sewer manhole located at the intersection of Santa Rosita and Santa Florencia. This project was constructed in August 2014 and helps prevent dry weather flows caused from over irrigation from entering the MS4. 5) Stormwater Treatment Continuous Deflection System (CDS) Unit In 2002, the City of Solana Beach approved plans for improvements along North Cedros Avenue, north of Cliff Street. These improvements included installation of a stormwater treatment CDS unit. This unit was installed in 2004 and has been in operation ever since. The CDS unit screens, separates, and traps debris in runoff from a 42" pipe. 6) Optional Strategies • Implement structural (engineered) BMPs or retrofitting existing structural BMPs to address flow and/or pollutant issues • Implement offsite alternative compliance program to place water quality improvement projects in the portion of the City of Solana Beach that discharges to San Elijo Lagoon • Support partnership effort by social service providers to provide sanitation and trash management for persons experiencing homelessness 3.6.3.2 City of Encinitas - Cardiff Channel and San Elijo JPA Outfall The San Elijo Lagoon is on the southern border of the Encinitas. Encinitas has identified two basins that discharge to the lagoon to focus their program strategies. The basins have a variety of land uses with a mixture of single-family residential, commercial and multi-family land uses and includes homes, commercial buildings, apartment complexes, nurseries, common areas and recreational park areas that include landscaping and turf. The majority of these basins were developed prior to implementation of the Encinitas's SUSMP and therefore relatively few treatment control BMPs are in place. Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Ml^ Page 142 Encinitas will concentrate strategy implementation in two focus areas, identified as Cardiff Channel Drainage Area and San Elijo joint powers authority (JPA) outfall at - see Figures Figure 36 and Figure 37 below. Cardiff Channel Focus Area 1 |] Escondido Creek HA Cardiff Channel Drainage Area f. 1 HPWQC 1 San Elijo Lagoon HPWOG: Indicator Bacteria | j/J Pacific Ocean E« Digit AEX Gel-napiirii) ana Ihe GIS 'J«i Coimniinil', Figure 36: Cardiff Channel Drainage Area, City of Encinitas Focus Area Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 143 San Elijo JPA Outfall at Cardiff Drainage Area J Escondido Creek HA San Elijo JPA Outfall @ Cardiff HPWQC Pacific Ocean Figure 37: San Elijo JPA Outfall at Cardiff Drainage Area, City of Encinitas Focus Area Cardiff Channel and San Eljio JPA Outfall Drainage Areas Interim and Final Numeric Goals Goals associated with these focus areas are summarized in Table 45 below. These goals have been established as a part of this initial WQIP development process. As Encinitas progresses through the first several years of implementation and learns through data collection and analysis, it is expected that these goals and schedules will likely change. As goals and schedules are adapted, they will be presented in future WQIP annual reports or updates to the WQIP document. The means for achieving these goals are identified in the strategies discussion below. Mechanisms for measuring progress towards and ultimately achieving these goals are included in the monitoring, assessment and iterative process sections. Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 144 Table 45: Cardiff Channe and San Elijo JPA Outfall Drainage Areas, Interim and Final Numeric Goals Interim Goal Interim Goal Interim Goal Final Goal (2013-2018) (2018-2023) (2023-2028) (2028-2033) 2018 2023 2028 2033 • 100% of dry weather flow to San Elijo JPA outfall at Cardiff diverted to the sanitary sewer system • 10% reduction in anthropogenic dry weather flows within the Cardiff Channel drainage area' • San Elijo Lagoon Restoration Completed^ OR • 50% reduction in anthropogenic dry weather flows within the Cardiff Channel drainage area' • San Elijo Lagoon Restoration Completed^ OR • 65% reduction in anthropogenic dry weather flows within the Cardiff Channel drainage area' • San Elijo Lagoon Restoration Completed^ OR • 80% reduction in anthropogenic dry weather flows within the Cardiff Channel drainage area' adapted as monitoring data/information is gathered, analyzed and baselines are established. ^ The San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy is leading the lagoon restoration effort. The City of Encinitas anticipates providing public support for the restoration work and making some infrastructure improvements close to the lagoon that are necessary to complement the restoration work. Son Elijo JPA Outfall and Cardiff Channel Drainage Area Strategies Encinitas will implement their program core strategies within the focus area. In addition to the core jurisdictional strategies, the following summarizes supplemental or modified core strategies planned for implementation in the focus area to address the sources of pollutants and discharges. The selected strategies are expected to have multi-pollutant benefits and intended to address non- stormwater flows and reducing the source loading of bacteria. Reducing non-stormwater flows: (1) reduces the loading of pollutant constituent discharged through MS4 system; (2) reduces the amount of indicator bacteria regrowth and contributions that occurs with accumulated biofilm in MS4 systems that requires water; and (3) reduces the wet-weather contribution of indicator bacteria from scoured biofilm under higher velocity flows from storm discharges. To accomplish the multi-benefit objectives in the two drainage areas, the Encinitas will supplement its core jurisdictional program by implementing the following strategies in these focus areas: 1) San Elijo Lagoon Restoration The planned restoration project will directly improve beneficial uses in the impacted receiving waters. Encinitas identifies this as one of the most effective strategies to meet identified goals. Encinitas will support the multi-agency efforts to restore San Elijo Lagoon in coming years. Part of the participation will come through supporting public infrastructure improvements. 2) Plastic Bag Ban Encinitas passed an ordinance banning distribution of single use plastic bags. The ban applies to large retailers, grocery stores, drug stores, convenience stores, and mini-markets in spring 2015 and to farmers markets and all other retailers in fall 2015. Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 145 3) San Elijo JPA Dry Weather Diversion In FY 2012-2013, a dry weather diversion was installed at the San Elijo JPA outfall in Cardiff. The diversion redirects dry weather flows to the sanitary sewer system for treatment prior to discharging to an ocean outfall. Encinitas continues to operate and maintain this diversion. 4) Dry Weather Flow Abatement Program Upon completion of the Dry Weather Flow Source Investigation Study, Encinitas will focus on eliminating identified anthropogenic sources of non-stormwater dry weather flows. 5) Optional Strategies Sewer Infrastructure Improvement Project The Olivenhain Trunk Sewer line runs adjacent to the lagoon and is planned to be rehabilitated upon approval of funding. Rehabilitation would address the sewer line which is reaching the end of its service life and reduce the risk of sewer overflows potentially discharging into the San Elijo Lagoon. 3.6.3.3 County of San Diego - Escondido Creek HA Focus Areas Three of the County's major storm drain outfalls in the Escondido Creek HA have persistent flows. The unincorporated area that makes up the three drainage areas have a range of land use types (residential, residential with some agriculture, commercial businesses, schools, roads, etc.) which includes activities with likely potential for pollutant source loading. The focus areas are shown below in Figures Figure 38, Figure 39 and Figure 40. Figure 38: County of San Diego CAR 007 Focus Areas Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 146 Figure 39: County of San Diego CAR 015 Focus Areas Escondido Creok HPWQC Indicalot Baden EL CAMINO DE I Miles 0 O OS 0.1 0.2 CAR 059 Focus Area Carlsbad WMA \ \ CAR_059 • HPWQC Figure 40: County of San Diego CAR 059 Focus Areas Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 147 County of San Diego CAR 007, CAR 015 and CAR 059 Interim and Final Numeric Goals Goals associated with these focus areas are in conjunction with the targeted outcomes identified in the County's San Marcos HA focus areas. These goals have been established as a part of this initial WQIP development process. As the County progresses through the first several years of implementation and learns through data collection and analysis, it is expected that these goals and schedules will likely change. As goals and schedules are adapted, they will be presented in future WQIP annual reports or updates to the WQIP document. The dry weather goals were established to reduce dry weather flow in storm drains, in order to reduce pollutant loading to water bodies during dry weather. This will be accomplished through the implementation of JRMP strategies to reduce dry weather runoff, as described in the County JRMP. For the grouping of seven identified persistently flowing major MS4 outfalls in the County's jurisdiction within the entire Carlsbad WMA, the County has set targeted outcomes (in San Marcos HA) and goals of eliminating anthropogenic flows from one major storm drain outfall that discharges to receiving waters, during each Permit term, until all anthropogenic flows have been effectively eliminated. Goals are expressed in Table 46 below. Table 46: County of San Diego Escondido Creek HA Focus Areas, Interim and Final Goals Interim Goal (2013-2018) 2018' Effectively eliminate anthropogenic dry weather flows''^ from one persistently flowing outfalP Interim Goals (2018-2043) 2023'and each subsequent five year period Final Goal (2043-2048) 2048' Effectively eliminate anthropogenic dry weather flows''^ from one additional persistently flowing outfall^ Effectively eliminate anthropogenic 1 2 dry weather flows ' from one additional persistently flowing outfall^ each subsequent permit term, until ali flows have been effectively eliminated The goals may be adapted as monitoring data is collected and analyzed. ^ Here and throughout this table, the term "dry weather flows" excludes groundwater, other exempt or permitted non- stormwater flows, and sanitary sewer overflows. ^ The County of San Diego is concerned that a long-term funding source is not identified for constructing and maintaining structural BMPs, if structural BMPs are needed to meet compliance. The implementation of strategies to achieve goals will depend upon approval of funding in future annual budgets. County of San Diego CAR 007, CAR 015 and CAR 059 Drainage Basin Strategies The County WPP will shift to a more active field program to better locate and abate dry weather flow. WPP Stormwater Staff will increase the amount of time spent in unincorporated communities, identifying nuisance anthropogenic flows and addressing them through appropriate education and enforcement strategies. County staff will continue to be trained to identify and report illicit discharges and illicit connections during required annual stormwater training. This training has been updated to reflect recent Permit changes. In addition to the increase in County staff field surveillance, WPP will also implement a focused program to reduce flows at targeted MS4 outfalls that have demonstrated persistent dry weather flow conditions. Using collected dry weather monitoring data collected, the County has identified priority Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 148 outfalls in the Carlsbad Watershed that will be monitored regularly for dry weather flow. If dry weather flows are detected, staff will initiate a field investigation to seek out and abate the source of flow. The County will implement their core jurisdictional program strategies within the focus area. In addition to the core jurisdictional strategies, the following summarizes supplemental or modified core strategies planned for implementation in the focus area to address the sources of pollutants and discharges. The selected strategies are expected to have multi-pollutant benefits and intended to address non- stormwater flows and reducing the source loading of bacteria. Addressing non-stormwater flows: (1) reduces the loading of pollutant constituent discharged through MS4 system; (2) reduces the amount of indicator bacteria regrowth and contributions that occurs with accumulated biofilm in MS4 systems that requires water; and (3) reduces the wet-weather contribution of indicator bacteria from scoured biofilm under higher velocity flows from storm discharges. To accomplish the multi-benefit objectives, the County will supplement its core jurisdictional program by implementing the following strategies in these focus areas: 1) Active Field Program to Identify and Address Dry Weather Flows - The focused area was selected based on strategic assessments, including review of 303(d) listings, monitoring data, and persistent flows. Field staff will conduct surveillance and may employ various tools to reduce pollutant loads and non-stormwater flows, including outreach efforts including over- irrigation focus, pet waste, HOA, and landscaper outreach. New outreach materials will be developed for use in focused inspections. 2) Updated Focused Training for County Field Staff - Field Staff training to be updated with information on HPWQCs identified in WQIP and the pollutant sources and pollutant generating activities that may be associated with the HPWQCs. 3) BMP Manual Training - External - The BMP Manual for new and redevelopment will be updated and training/outreach will be provided to the development industry. 4) Promote Rain Barrel Incentive Programs - Promoting partners programs for rainwater harvesting rebates. Partner agencies including the MWD, local water districts, and the SDCWA. Example: MWD - www.socalwatersmart.com 5) Collaborate with Partner Agencies to Promote Incentive Programs for BMP Retrofits - Promoting incentives for water conservation and landscape retrofits through partner agencies (same as above) such as turf replacement, sprinkler head nozzle replacements, smart irrigation controllers, etc. Incentive programs may be developed for this program if funding is available. 6) Promote Live Turf Replacement Incentive Program - Promote turf replacement programs for replacement with California Friendly plants. 7) Promote Water-Smart Incentive for Outdoor Water Efficiency as part of the public-private partnership - Development of Sustainable Landscape Program is underway with partners including: SDCWA, City of San Diego, Surfrider Foundation, the Association of Compost Producers, and the County. Developing guidelines will promote water conservation, building healthy soils, and sustainable practices. Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 149 8) Develop, Improve, Distribute Outreach Materials for Existing Development - Develop outreach materials to raise awareness of stormwater and urban runoff concerns and encourage behaviors that will improve water quality downstream. 9) Educational Workshops- Continue to sponsor workshops for specific target audiences and pollutants of concern, including: manure management and composting workshops for horse owners; Integrated pest management and gardening workshops for residents interested in gardening and more sustainable landscape practices; and rain water harvesting classes to encourage capturing rain from roofs for landscape use. 10) Education & Outreach Effectiveness Survey - The completed County baseline survey of registered voters in the unincorporated area established a reference point for the knowledge and awareness of residents. During educational workshops, pre and post surveying will be conducted to assess the effectiveness of programs reaching attendees. These will measure improvement in knowledge, awareness, and likely-hood of changing behaviors to be less polluting. 11) Optional Strategies • Consider feasibility of developing an alternative compliance program, and if developed consider constructing structural controls to reduce priority water pollutants. • Investigate feasibility of developing a Green Streets Program • Consider improvements to tracking watershed-based inventories via consolidated database • Develop an Equestrian BMP Handbook • Investigate the feasibility of an inspections tracking program via mobile platform - miles, violations, etc. • Investigate the feasibility of improvements to inspections data tracking through mobile phone • Investigate the feasibility of developing and implementing an incentive program for BMP Retrofits in areas of existing development • Develop Sustainable Landscapes Outreach Program based on available grant funding • Investigate feasibility of stream, channel, and/or habitat rehabilitation projects and identify project partners • Consider development of incentive programs for water conservation (turf replacement, smart irrigation controllers, irrigation modifications, sustainable landscapes, rain barrels), in collaboration with water agencies and others, to reduce priority pollutants • Consider development of incentive programs, in collaboration with the Department of Environmental Health, for pumping septic systems in high risk areas adjacent to waterways (within 600 ft.) or stormwater system; subject to grant funding availability • Consider partnerships with Master Gardeners to provide education opportunities on water use and practices for gardening • Consider collaboration with community groups to provide "boots on the ground" local information to focus implementation efforts on reducing bacteria and other pollutants, close to the source • Consider collaboration with County internal departments to leverage mutually beneficial projects to promote retrofits to include installation of controls to address priority pollutants, or land acquisition efforts to preserve open space, if feasible • Consider collaboration with the AWM to evaluate and reprioritize the AWM's stormwater program to determine inspection priorities. Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 150 • Consider collaboration with watershed partners to encourage consistent messaging to specific targeted audiences (commercial, residents, and others) to conserve water and mitigate dry weather flows • Consider collaboration with watershed partners on Round 4 of Proposition 84 IRWM grant opportunities to fund targeted educational programs, building of structural controls (brick and mortar projects), or incentive programs to reduce runoff from the stormwater conveyance system • Consider collaboration with watershed partners and RWQCB on effective measures to reduce potential impact of pollutant loads to waterways from unauthorized encampments • Consider collaboration with wastewater agencies to identify where sewer and stormwater infrastructure are in close proximity and confirm the absence of flow at nearby stormwater conveyance outfalls during dry weather, conduct additional investigations to identify and mitigate flow if present • Consider collaboration with watershed partners to remove invasive non-native plants (Arundo) upstream areas of rivers or tributaries to increase flood and fire protection and reduce the number of unauthorized encampments on the river bottom • In collaboration with the Department of Environmental Health, consider developing program for on-site wastewater treatment (septic) systems. May include mapping and risk assessment, inspection, or maintenance practices. • Consider the implementation of focused pet waste projects to reduce bacteria pollution • Consider investigating diverting persistent dry weather flows from storm drains to sanitary sewer, where feasible • Consider the design of structural controls for persistent unpermitted dry weather flows where outreach has been unsuccessful and groundwater or other non-MS4 sources has been ruled out • Consider developing a strategy to evaluate opportunities to naturalize concrete stormwater conveyances, and identify potential funding sources (such as grants) for design and implementation 3.6.3.4 ESC 113, ESC 128, and ESC 134 The Escondido Creek HA extends through a significant portion of the City of Escondido (Escondido) near the upper portion of the HA. Escondido has identified three focus areas in the HA to focus their program strategies. The basins have a mixture of single-family residential, commercial, industrial and multi-family land uses and includes homes, commercial buildings, mobile home parks, nurseries, and common areas that include landscaping and turf. The rationale for selecting these three focus areas is based on several key factors distinguishing them from other drainage basins. All three focus areas have: 1) Persistently flowing major MS4 outfalls directly into Escondido Creek 2) Jurisdictional basis in Escondido, with minimal surface water influence from adjacent jurisdictions 3) Sizeable tributary areas 4) Recorded historical exceedances in indicator bacteria, the HPWQC 5) Residential Areas which will be addressed by the City of Escondido's residential JRMP component Escondido will implement special strategies in three focus areas, identified as ESC 113, ESC 128, and ESC 134 - shown in Figures 41 through 43. Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 151 ESC_113 Focus Area Carlsbad WMA ESC_113 HPWQC Figure 41: Escondido ESC 113 Focus Area Figure 42: Escondido ESC 128 Focus Area V Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 152 ESC-134 Focus Area I I Cartsbad WMA Escondido Creek HA ESC_134 Focus Area HPWQC Waterbodies 0 0.07S q4i 0.) Figure 43: Escondido ESC 134 Focus Area fSC 113, ESC 128, ESC 134 Focus Area Goals Goals associated with this focus area are summarized in Table 47 below. These goals have been established as a part of this initial WQIP development process. As the Responsible Agencies progress through the first several years of implementation and learn through data collection and analysis, it is expected that these goals and schedules will change. As goals and schedules are adapted, they will be presented in future WQIP annual reports or updates to the WQIP document. Interim Goal (2013-2018) 2018' Interim Goal (2018-2023) 2023' Interim Goal (2023-2028) 2028' Interim Goal (2028-2033) 2033' Final Goal (2033-2038) 2038' 10% reduction in anthropogenic dry- weather surface water runoff at selected outfalls 20% reduction in anthropogenic dry- weather surface water runoff at selected outfalls 40% reduction in anthropogenic dry- weather surface water runoff at selected outfalls 60% reduction in anthropogenic dry- weather surface water runoff at selected outfalls 80% reduction in anthropogenic dry- weather surface water runoff at selected outfalls adapted as monitoring data/information is gathered, analyzed and baselines are established. The means for achieving these goals are identified in the strategies discussion below. Mechanisms for measuring progress towards and ultimately achieving these goals are included in the monitoring, assessment and iterative process sections. Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 153 A fSC 113, ESC 128, ESC 134 Focus Area Strategies Escondido will implement their program core strategies throughout the City of Escondido and within the three focus areas. The following summarizes supplemental or modified strategies planned for implementation in the focus areas to address the sources of pollutants, discharges, and dry weather anthropogenic flows. The selected strategies are expected to have multi-pollutant benefits and intended to address non- stormwater flows and reducing the source loading of bacteria. Reducing non-stormwater flows: (1) reduces the loading of pollutant constituent discharged through MS4 system; (2) reduces the amount of indicator bacteria regrowth and contributions that occurs with accumulated biofilm in MS4 systems that requires water; and (3) reduces the wet-weather contribution of indicator bacteria from scoured biofilm under higher velocity flows from storm discharges. To accomplish the multi-benefit objectives in the three focus areas, the City of Escondido will supplement its core jurisdictional program by implementing the following strategies in these focus areas: 1) Property-Based/Patrol Inspections The objective of this program is to reduce discharges to the MS4 and provide inspection of existing development in a more cost efficient and effective manner. Inspections will address properties which have not previously been inspected by Environmental Programs staff, including residential properties, office parks, retail centers, and more. Features of this strategy include: • Developing patrol and inspection protocols • Developing and conducting staff training • Conducting property-based/patrol inspections of 100% of commercial, municipal and residential properties in focus areas at least once per year • Recording observed violations and performing follow-up inspections as appropriate, through outreach/education or enforcement as determined to be appropriate by Escondido staff. 2) Storm Drain Videos On an as-needed basis, Escondido will use downhole video technology to assess where dry weather flows enter the storm drain system. The objective of the use of video is to identify groundwater intrusion and to facilitate a better understanding of the City of Escondido's MS4 network through collaboration with the sewer and water utilities field staff. 3) Irrigation Runoff Reduction The City of Escondido's water supply/conservation and storm water programs are housed in the same department and will continue to work together to perform outreach to businesses and residents on irrigation reduction programs. The City of Escondido hosts landscaping workshops and regularly promotes water conservation to residents as described in the JRMP. Escondido has a goal to increase the number of residents in Escondido who take advantage of rebates, incentives, and water audit programs by 10% by the next permit cycle. It is anticipated that interactions during the property-based patrol inspections will increase participation in such programs in the three focus areas. 4) Enhanced FOG Inspection Program Escondido's FOG inspection program addresses businesses with grease traps or separators, including restaurants, automotive repair facilities, and others. As operator of a Publicly Owned Treatment Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 154 Works (POTW), Escondido implements an enhanced inspection schedule city-wide, inspecting said businesses twice each year as opposed to the required once/year inspection schedule for FOG and stormwater compliance. This enhanced inspection program mitigates the potential causes for sewer overflows, and also address stormwater BMPs. 5) Promote Incentive Programs - Escondido will promote available programs such as rain barrel implementation; live turf replacement; and water-smart incentives. 6) Optional Strategies • Spruce Street Channel-Phase I: The major channel in Focus Area ESC 134 has been identified as a high priority for rehabilitation and engineering improvements. Escondido has secured a County of San Diego Vector Control grant for planning improvements to the channel and expects resource agency permit applications will be submitted within the municipal permit cycle. Spruce Street project implementation is contingent on funding and permits. • Upon Escondido City Council approval, implement an offsite alternative compliance program to place water quality improvement projects throughout Escondido, including Focus Areas. 3.6.3.5 City of San Marcos - Escondido Creek HA SM-EC Focus Area The City of Escondido Creek HA extends into the western portion of the City of San Marcos. The City of San Marcos identified SM-EC focus area to concentrate strategy implementation. The SM-EC focus area is predominantly single-family residential with small pockets of commercial and multi-family land uses and includes homes, commercial buildings, common areas that include landscaping and turf - see Figure 44 below. Figure 44: San Marcos SM-EC Focus Area Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 155 SM-EC Focus Area Interim and Final Numeric Goals Goals associated with this focus area are summarized in Table 48 below. These goals have been established as a part of this initial WQIP development process. As the Responsible Agencies progress through the first several years of implementation and learn through data collection and analysis, it is expected that these goals and schedules will likely change. As goals and schedules are adapted, they will be presented in future WQIP annual reports or updates to the WQIP document. Interim Goal Interim Goal Interim Goal Interim Goal Final Goal (2013-2018) 2018' (2018-2023) (2023-2028) 2028' (2028-2033) 2033' (2033-2038) (2013-2018) 2018' 2023' (2023-2028) 2028' (2028-2033) 2033' 2038' 10% reduction in 20% reduction in 40% reduction in 60% reduction in 80% reduction in anthropogenic dry-anthropogenic dry-anthropogenic dry-anthropogenic dry-anthropogenic dry- weather surface weather surface weather surface weather surface weather surface water runoff at water runoff at water runoff at water runoff at water runoff at selected outfalls 1— ... selected outfalls selected outfalls selected outfalls selected outfalls adapted as monitoring data/information is gathered, analyzed and baselines are established. The means for achieving these goals are identified in the strategies discussion below. Mechanisms for measuring progress towards and ultimately achieving these goals are included in the monitoring, assessment and iterative process sections. SM-EC Focus Area Strategies The City of San Marcos will implement their program core strategies within the focus area. In addition to the core jurisdictional strategies, the following summarizes supplemental or modified core strategies planned for implementation in the focus area to address the sources of pollutants and discharges. The selected strategies are expected to have multi-pollutant benefits and intended to address non- stormwater flows and reducing the source loading of bacteria. Reducing non-stormwater flows: (1) reduces the loading of pollutant constituent discharged through MS4 system; (2) reduces the amount of indicator bacteria regrowth and contributions that occurs with accumulated biofilm in MS4 systems that requires water; and (3) reduces the wet-weather contribution of indicator bacteria from scoured biofilm under higher velocity flows from storm discharges. To accomplish the multi-benefit objectives in the SM-AH focus area, the City of San Marcos will supplement its core jurisdictional program by implementing the following strategies: 1) Irrigation Runoff Reduction Program The objective of the IRRP is to eliminate or reduce dry weather flow contributions coming from irrigation runoff, regardless of the time of day the discharges occur. Core elements include: • Developing municipal codes that prohibit irrigation runoff • Developing educational materials and outreach program specific towards irrigation runoff • Assessing dry weather flows at outfall(s) • Identifying key times to perform site observations • Perform site observations to identify sources of irrigation runoff • Collaboration with the City of San Marcos Public Works Department to address municipal property irrigation systems • Initiating contact and correspondence with property managers/owners Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 156 • Periodically assessing flows • Optionally developing and implementing an incentive program 2) Property-Based/Patrol Inspections The objective of this program is to reduce discharges to the MS4 and provide inspection of existing development in a more cost efficient and effective manner. Features include: • Developing patrol and inspection protocols • Developing and conducting staff training • Conducting property-based/patrol inspections The City of San Marcos will perform these property-based/patrol inspections multiple times per year at various times of the day to capture irrigation runoff and other non-authorized discharges as well as identify BMP issues. 3) City of San Marcos & VWD Irrigation Runoff/Water Waster Program • The City of San Marcos and VWD staff collaborate and communicate regularly to share information regarding reports and complaints • Public water waster reporting is available on both the City of San Marcos and VWD websites • The City of San Marcos utilizes VWD developed door hangers for City field staff to distribute if water wasting is reported or observed at a property • The City of San Marcos developed template response letters identifying both the City of San Marcos and VWD requirements 4) City of San Marcos & VWD FOG Program Collaboration • Continue coordination between the City of San Marcos and VWD programs. The City of San Marcos anticipates a collaborative work effort between the City of San Marcos' inspection program and VWD's FOG program in order to reduce sewer backups and overflows that result from accumulation of FOG in the sewer system • VWD established an Ordinance to regulate FOG • VWD visited all of the FSEs within the City of San Marcos to provide an overview of the program and expectations • VWD created a guidance manual provided to each FSE that includes BMP information, maintenance requirements, and record keeping documents. The City of San Marcos is prepared to utilize these documents during independent inspections or investigations • VWD will inspect all FSEs at least once a year and collaborate with the City of San Marcos to perform dual inspections when needed • Inspection results for both parties will be shared regularly to better identify problem areas more efficiently 5) HOA and Property Manger Outreach Program • The City of San Marcos will implement an education and outreach program that encourages and/or incentivizes HOAs and business property managers to implement measures to reduce dry weather and/or wet weather flows leaving their properties. Practices could include proper installation and maintenance of irrigation systems, conversion to drought tolerant landscaping, downspout disconnection, etc. 6) Enhancements to Education Program Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 157 • Bacteria and other priority pollutant specific education and outreach program to be conducted in the SM-AH focus area for residents and commercial facilities related to bacteria and other priority pollutants. The materials will have an emphasis on discharges to the City of San Marcos' MS4 and the receiving waters impacts. • Developing and implementing a training/seminar for property managers and others that have direct responsibility for common areas within HOAs and commercial properties. Educational materials and information will be developed and provided to the managers for them to distribute to their residents and tenants. • As part of the residential outreach program, the City of San Marcos will work with residents and property owners to educate through various means, which may include school programs, block parties or one-on-one meetings. 7) Filter Retrofit Program • The City of San Marcos will continue to implement the filter upgrade program provided through an existing grant program. • Aging filters located within public facilities in need repair are retrofitted with new proprietary filter systems that contain media filters to treat dissolvable pollutants including nutrients and bacteria. 8) Optional Strategies • Implement structural (engineered) BMPs or retrofitting existing structural BMPs to address flow and/or pollutant issues • Implement offsite alternative compliance program to place water quality improvement projects in the SM-EC Basins 3.6.4 Escondido Creek HA Monitoring and Assessment The Responsible Agencies will conduct the following monitoring in the Escondido Creek HA including the collective watershed-wide monitoring activities described in Section 2.5: • Progress Toward Interim and Final Goals • Long-Term Receiving Water Monitoring (as described in Section 2.5) • Dry Weather Special Study • MS4 Outfall Monitoring (as described in Section 2.5) • JRMP Implementation (as described in Section 2.5) • Regulations and Policy (as described in Section 2.5) Progress Toward Interim and Final Goals To assess progress toward achieving the interim and final goals, the Escondido Creek HA Responsible Agencies will monitor selected outfalls periodically specifically for flow conditions, e.g., rates and volumes. At select outfalls, in addition to flow conditions, the Responsible Agencies will collect the following data as part of the MS4 Outfall Monitoring Program, at minimum, during dry weather conditions: Total Dissolved Solids • Nitrate • Zinc Total Suspended Solids • Total Kjeldhal Nitrogen • Total Coliform Total Hardness • Ammonia • Fecal Coliform (or E. Coli) Total Phosphorus • Cadmium • Enterococcus Orthophosphate • Copper Nitrite • Lead Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 158 In addition, the selected outfalls will collect data to evaluate applicable NALs and 303d listed constituents as proposed in the MS4 Outfall Monitoring Plan that provides a tailored analyte list per HA. In order to assess program impacts, the Responsible Agencies will establish baseline flow conditions. It is anticipated that this will occur during the dry weather season of 2015. Future monitoring will provide flow conditions periodically to calculate percent change from baseline conditions. These calculated percent changes in flow conditions will be the assessment used to determine the progress towards achieving interim goals in the Escondido Creek HA. Responsible Agencies will also conduct a special study that will inform the data collection and assessment for determining progress towards achieving the final goals for the Escondido Creek HA. Details ofthe special study are below. Escondido Creek HA Special Study A Dry Weather Special Study will be developed to characterize temporal flow and fecal indicator bacteria patterns at selected persistently flowing major MS4 outfalls during summer dry weather conditions. The special study is related to indicator bacteria, which has been identified as a Highest Priority Water Quality Condition for the City of Carlsbad, City of Escondido, City of San Marcos, City of Solana Beach, and City of Vista and will be implemented in priority areas within their respective jurisdictions. The Dry Weather Special Study will address the following questions: • What is the baseline flow at the specified major MS4 outfalls during summer dry weather conditions? • What are the temporal flow patterns at specified major MS4 outfalls during summer dry weather conditions? • Are summer dry weather flows at the specified major MS4 outfalls contributing fecal indicator bacteria to the receiving water(s)? • What are the temporal patterns of indicator bacteria concentrations at specified major MS4 outfalls? The study will: • Address data gaps related to temporal flow and fecal indicator bacteria patterns at selected persistently flowing major MS4 outfalls during summer dry weather conditions. • Allow the Responsible Agencies to understand potential sources of flow and therefore more effectively target and control sources contributing to the Highest Priority Water Quality Condition. • Establish a baseline for flow during summer dry weather conditions with which to measure subsequent flow reductions. The Responsible Agencies will conduct the special study within the Escondido Creek HA to assess at an outfall level as well as collectively with other outfall data collected under the same special study throughout the WMA. The following components ofthe special study will be conducted: • Collect continuous flow monitoring data at specified major outfalls using automated flow meter and data logger. • Conduct monitoring events at selected major outfalls specified in Table 49 Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 159 Collect grab samples and analyze for fecal indicator bacteria (total coliform, fecal coliform, and Enterococcus) to identify critical conditions for bacteria Record visual observations consistent with the transitional outfall monitoring program. Collect in-situ physical parameters for pH, temperature, and specific conductivity. Perform site observations at key times within the catchment areas and record all observed areas and/or sources with non-storm water flow. Track flow patterns to sources for abatement or further investigation. Table 49: Dry Weather Data Collection by Jurisdiction for the Escondido Creek HA Item City of Solana Beach City of San Marcos City of Escondido Number of Focus Areas in Escondido Creek HA 1 1 3 Number of Outfalls for Continuous Flow Monitoring 2 1 3 Minimum Time for Continuous Flow Monitoring 2 weeks 2 weeks 2 weeks Minimum Number of Fecal Indicator Bacteria Samples at Each Outfall Where Flow is Measured 4 4 4 Total Number of Bacteria Samples 8 4 12 Assessment The Escondido Creek HA Responsible Agencies will perform assessments ofthe following elements: • Progress Toward Interim and Final Goals • Dry Weather Special Study As new data and information becomes available, the Responsible Agencies will perform an integrated assessment of the findings from the identified focused areas. The integrated assessment will evaluate the JRMP program implementation in relationship to the findings of the assessment for progress toward interim and final goals. This integrated assessment would be performed at this scale to identify relationships between the strategies implemented in the focus areas and outcomes related to the interim and final goals. The outcomes of this assessment could be used to help determine the effectiveness and efficiency of selected the strategies implemented. Longer-term assessments will be performed at the WMA scale as appropriate data and information is collected and assessed. Escondido Creek HA (904.6) Page 160 4 References 1. 2010 Integrated Report (Clean Water Act Section 303(d) List / 305(b) Report),California State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB), 2010 2. Agua Hedionda Watershed Management Plan - Final, Tetra Tech, 2008 3. Baseline Long-Term Effectiveness Assessment. San Diego Stormwater Copermittees, San Diego CA, Mikhail Ogawa Engineering (MOE), Weston Solutions, Larry Walker Associates, 2005 4. Buena Vista Creek Watershed Data Compilation & Management Information System Development Project, D-Max Engineering, Inc., 2011 5. Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit Data, San Diego Coastkeeper, 2014 6. Carlsbad Seawater Desalination Project, Watershed Sanitary Survey Report, Poseidon Resources Corporation, 2005 7. Carlsbad Watershed Management Plan, Carlsbad Watershed Network, 2002 8. Carlsbad Watershed Urban Runoff Management Program (WURMP), Carlsbad Watershed Management Area Copermittees, 2008 9. Carlsbad Watershed Urban Runoff Management Program FY 2008-2009 Annual Report, Carlsbad Watershed Management Area Copermittees, 2010 10. Carlsbad Watershed Urban Runoff Management Program FY 2009-2010 Annual Report, Carlsbad Watershed Management Area Copermittees, 2011 11. Carlsbad Watershed Urban Runoff Management Program FY 2010-2011 Annual Report, Carlsbad Watershed Management Area Copermittees, 2012 12. Carlsbad Watershed Urban Runoff Management Program FY 2011-2012 Annual Report, Carlsbad Watershed Management Area Copermittees, 2013 13. City of Carlsbad Jurisdictional Urban Runoff Management Plan (JURMP) (Including Annual Reports), City of Carlsbad, 2008, Annual Reports, 2009-2013 14. City of Encinitas Jurisdictional Urban Runoff Management Plan (JURMP) (Including Annual Reports), City of Encinitas, 2008, Annual Reports, 2009-2013 15. City of Escondido Jurisdictional Urban Runoff Management Plan (JURMP) (Including Annual Reports), City of Escondido, 2008, Annual Reports, 2009-2013 16. City of Oceanside Jurisdictional Urban Runoff Management Plan (JURMP) (Including Annual Reports), City of Oceanside, 2008, Annual Reports, 2009-2013 17. City of San Marcos Jurisdictional Urban Runoff Management Plan (JURMP) (Including Annual Reports), City of San Marcos, 2008, Annual Reports, 2009-2013 18. City of Vista 2008 Jurisdictional Urban Runoff Management Plan (JURMP) (Including Annual Reports), City of Vista, 2008, Annual Reports, 2009-2013 19. City of Solana Beach Jurisdictional Urban Runoff Management Plan (JURMP) (Including Annual Reports), City of Solana Beach, 2008, Annual Reports, 2009-2013 20. CRAM Assessment Data and Worksheets, Preserve Calavera, 2013 21. Cottonwood Creek Urban Runoff Assessment and Action Plan, City of Encinitas, 2002 22. County of San Diego Jurisdictional Urban Runoff Management Plan (JURMP) (Including Annual Reports), County of San Diego, 2008, Annual Reports, 2009-2013 23. Index of Biotic Integrity Scores for SCC Monitoring Sites, Preserve Calavera, 2008 References Page 161 24. Long-Term Effectiveness Assessment. San Diego Stormwater Copermittees Urban Runoff Management Programs, Final Report, Mikhail Ogawa Engineering (MOE), Weston Solutions, Larry Walker Associates, 2011 25. National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit and Waste Discharge Requirements for Discharges from the Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems draining the watersheds ofthe San Diego Region. Order No. R9-2013-0001, RWQCB, 2013 26. Revealing Escondido Creek, A Vision Plan for the City of Escondido, California State Polytechnic University, Pomona, Department of Landscape Architecture, 2010 27. San Diego County Municipal Copermittees, Receiving Waters and Urban Runoff Monitoring Reports, Weston Solutions, 2001 - 2012 28. San Elijo Lagoon Conservancy and the Escondido Creek Conservancy, 2014. Consultation Panel for the Carlsbad Watershed Management Area Water Quality Improvement Plan, Priority Water Quality Conditions, MS4 Sources, and Potential Strategies 29. Surface Water Ambient Monitoring Program Report on the Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit, SCCWRP, 2007. 30. Water Quality Control Plan for the San Diego Basin (Basin Plan). San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board, SDRWQCB, 2011.. 31. Upper San Marcos Creek Watershed Nutrient Investigation and Additional Monitoring Study, D-Max Engineering, Inc., 2013 References Page 162 EXHIBIT 3 City of Carlsbad Jurisdictional Runoff Management Plan San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board Order R9-2013-0001 June 2015 Prepared and Submitted by the City of Carlsbad Table of Contents Executive Summary iv 1 Introduction 1 1.1 Purpose and Objectives 1 1.2 Overview of City of Carlsbad 1 1.3 Water Quality Improvement Plans 2 2 City Roles and Legal Authority 5 2.1 Legal Authority 5 2.2 Enforcement Procedures 5 2.3 City Department Program Responsibilities 5 3 Non-Storm Water Discharges 7 3.1 Introduction 7 3.2 Conditional Non-Storm water Discharges 7 3.2.1 Discharges Associated with Separate NPDES Permit 7 3.2.2 Controlled Non-Storm water Discharges 8 3.2.3 Discretionary Discharge 8 3.3 Program for Non-Emergency Fire Fighting Flows 8 4 Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination 11 4.1 Introduction 11 4.2 Program Elements 11 4.2.1 MS4Map 11 4.2.2 Dry Weather MS4 Outfall Monitoring Programs 11 4.2.3 Source Specific Observations 12 4.2.4 Observation Reporting by City Staff 12 4.2.5 Reporting and Notification 12 4.2.6 City Staff Investigation 13 4.2.7 Spill Reporting, Response, and Prevention 13 4.3 Enforcement 14 5 Development Planning 15 5.1 Introduction 15 5.2 Best Management Practice Requirements 15 5.2.1 BMPs for Standard Projects 16 5.2.2 BMPs for Priority Development Projects 16 5.3 Land Development Process 17 5.3.1 Environmental Review Process 17 5.3.2 Planning 18 5.3.3 Plan Review 19 5.3.4 Construction Verification Process 24 ll Construction 27 6.1 Introduction 27 6.2 Project Approval Process 27 6.3 Construction Site Inventory 27 6.4 Best Management Practice Requirements 29 6.5 Construction Site Inspections 31 6.6 Corrective Actions and Enforcement 32 Existing Development 33 7.1 Introduction 33 7.2 Inventory and Tracking 33 7.3 Best Management Practices Requirements 34 7.4 Program Implementation 35 7.4.1 Inspections 35 7.4.2 Inspection Frequency 36 7.4.3 Inspection Tracking and Records 37 7.4.4 Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System Program 37 7.4.5 Existing Flood Control Devices 38 7.4.6 Street Sweeping Program 38 7.4.7 Litter Removal 38 7.4.8 Pressure Washing 38 7.4.9 Application of Pesticides, Herbicides, and Fertilizers 38 7.4.10 Sanitary Sewer Systems 39 7.4.11 Special Events 39 7.4.12 Household Hazardous Waste Collection Services 41 7.5 Enforcement 42 Retrofitting and Rehabilitation in Areas of Existing Development 43 8.1 Introduction 43 8.2 Identifying Candidate Retrofits and Rehabilitation Projects 43 8.2.1 Retrofit Types 43 8.2.2 Rehabilitation Types 44 8.3 Implementing Candidate Retrofits and Rehabilitation Projects 44 Enforcement Response Plan 45 9.1 Introduction 45 9.2 Enforcement Mechanisms 45 9.2.1 Administrative Enforcement Mechanisms 45 9.2.2 Judicial Enforcement Mechanisms 46 9.2.3 Escalated Enforcement 46 9.3 Enforcement Response Plan Components 47 9.3.1 Illicit Discharge Detection Elimination 47 9.3.2 Development Planning 48 9.3.3 Construction 48 9.3.4 Existing Development 48 9.3.5 Correction of Violations 49 9.4 Reporting of Non-Compliant Sites 49 10 Education 51 10.1 Introduction 51 10.2 Municipal Staff Training 51 10.3 Construction Site Owners and Operators 51 10.4 Commercial/Industrial Facilities Owners and Operators Training 52 10.5 Residential Community and General Public 53 11 Public Participation 55 11.1 Introduction 55 11.2 Water Quality Improvement Plans 55 11.3 Local Public Participation 55 12 Monitoring and Assessment 57 12.1 MS4 Outfall Discharge Monitoring Station Inventory 57 12.2 Dry Weather Major MS4 Outfall Discharge Field Screening Monitoring 57 12.3 Non-Storm Water Persistent Flow MS4 Discharge Monitoring 57 12.4 Wet Weather MS4 Outfall Discharge Monitoring 58 12.5 Data Assessment, Reporting, and Quality Control 59 12.6 WQIP WMA Monitoring Requirements 60 13 Fiscal Analysis 61 13.1 Expenditure Categories 61 13.2 Staff Resources 61 13.3 Expenditures and Sources of Funds 62 List of Figures Figure 1: City of Carlsbad Watershed Drainage Areas 3 Figure 2: City of Carlsbad Organizational Chart 6 List of Tables Table 1: Department Roles 5 Table 2: Hydrology and Water Quality Analysis Checklist 18 Table 3: BMP Table 20 Table 4: Development Process and Standards Manual Activities 21 Table 5: Highest Priority Major Outfalls and Location Description 58 Table 6: Field Measurements 58 List of Appendices Appendix A: City of Carlsbad MS4 Map Appendix B: City of Carlsbad Existing Development Map iii Executive Summary The City of Carlsbad has developed this Jurisdictional Runoff Management Program (JRMP) to comply with Order R9-2013-0001 - National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System Permit and Waste Discharge Requirements for Discharges from the Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems (MS4) (hereinafter referred to as the "Permit"), issued by the California Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB), San Diego Region. The Permit was adopted in May 2013 and is valid for five years. The Permit requires Responsible Agencies in each of the region's watersheds to develop Water Quality Improvement Plans (WQIP)s and JRMPs for each Responsible Agency's jurisdiction. The Carlsbad Watershed Management Area (WMA) Water Quality Improvement Plan and the City of Carlsbad's JRMP were developed in response to the requirements of the 2013 Permit. The purpose of this JRMP is to implement programs to reduce pollution in urban runoff, including programs to regulate new public and private land development during each ofthe three major phases of urban development, i.e., the planning, construction, and existing development (or use) phases. The purpose of the Carlsbad WMA WQIP is to guide the Responsible Agencies' Jurisdictional Runoff Management Programs toward achieving improved water quality in MS4 discharges and receiving waters. Through the WQIP, priorities and goals are established and strategies selected for implementation through the Responsible Agencies' JRMPs to progress toward improvements in water quality. This approach establishes the WQIP as the overarching plan that each Responsible Agency uses to develop and implement their jurisdictional programs. Responsible Agencies' JRMPs contain the strategies, standards and protocols by which each Responsible Agency will implement their individual program in response to the priorities and goals established in the WQIP. The updated JRMP has been streamlined and provides the City of Carlsbad with the implementation procedures for development planning, construction, existing development, education, enforcement, public participation, municipal, and illicit discharge and detection components. Based on experience gained through the implementation of programs required by previous Permits, the City of Carlsbad maintained procedures that proved to be successful and included new programs to effectively reduce or eliminate discharges of pollutants to the MS4. This JRMP will be revised as needed to reflect changes in the City's urban runoff management programs such as revised or new best management practices or new educational or training programs. The annual updates will also reflect changes in the City's commercial, industrial, and municipal databases, including revisions to facility/activity prioritizations that will be refined as additional monitoring and inspection data becomes available. The City will submit a JRMP Annual Report that identifies the level of effort conducted by the City to implement its program. JRMP Annual Reports include a summary of all illicit discharge complaints and resolutions, and summaries of inspections, enforcement actions, and educational programs. This data and information will also be assessed and included in the WQIP Annual Reports. IV 1^1 Page intentionally blank for printing purposes 1 Introduction The San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) adopted the Municipal Storm water Permit Order No. R9-2013-0001, NPDES No. CA50109266 (Permit), on May 8, 2013 to control waste discharges in urban runoff from the Municipal Separate Storm Sewer Systems (MS4s), also known as storm drain system, draining the watersheds in the County of San Diego, the incorporated cities of San Diego County and the San Diego Unified Port District, collectively known as Copermittees. The Permit's intent is to enable jurisdictions to focus their resources and efforts to "effectively prohibit non-storm water discharges to its MS4, reduce pollutants in storm water discharges from its MS4 to the Maximum Extent Practicable (MEP), and achieve the interim and final numeric goals..." (Permit). Furthermore, the Permit states that "Where appropriate. Watershed Management Areas (WMAs) may be separated into subwatersheds to focus water quality prioritization and jurisdictional runoff management program implementation efforts by receiving water." This approach represents a paradigm shift from previous Permits where jurisdictions essentially implemented the same activities throughout their jurisdictions with little or no regard for prioritizing water quality conditions, sources and pollutant generating activities that occurred within geographically based areas. Although topographic features define watershed areas, characteristics ofthe watershed areas have direct influence on non-storm water discharges and pollutants in storm water discharges, and ultimately the water quality conditions in receiving waters. The Permit requires Responsible Agencies or Copermittees, in each of the region's Watershed Management Areas (WMAs) to develop Water Quality Improvement Plans (WQIPs). Through the WQIP, highest priority water quality conditions within the WMA are identified and strategies are implemented through the Copermittees' Jurisdictional Runoff Management Programs (JRMPs) to progress toward improvements in water quality. The WQIPs contain an adaptive planning and management process and a public participation component. The Permit and the WQIP process allow Copermittees to focus JRMPs on particular areas or water quality issues of concern. 1.1 Purpose and Objectives The purpose ofthe City of Carlsbad JRMP is to implement strategies that effectively prohibit non-storm water discharges to the MS4 and reduce the discharge of pollutants in storm water to the maximum extent practicable (MEP). This involves improving existing programs and developing new programs intended to minimize or eliminate the effects of jurisdictional runoff from the City on receiving water bodies. Improving the quality of the discharge from the MS4 may have beneficial effects on the local receiving water bodies. This document is based on the most updated information available at the time this document was prepared. Each year the City will submit a JRMP Annual Report to the RWQCB, and changes to the City's JRMP will be described in the annual report. Program modifications will be for the advancement ofthe City's program and will comply with all regulations as presented in the Permit. 1.2 Overview of City of Carlsbad The City of Carlsbad is a unique coastal community located 35 miles north of the City of San Diego surrounded by mountains, lagoons and the Pacific Ocean. Although the "village" dates back more than 100 years, the City was incorporated July 16, 1952. At that time, Carlsbad covered 7.5 square miles and had a population of approximately 7,000 people. The City now encompasses approximately 39 square miles of land area and has a population of approximately 105,000 (2010 Census). The physical geography and topography ofthe City of Carlsbad is very diverse with steep hills and coastal areas. As a result, there are a wide range of drainage conditions throughout the City including many waterways and tributary canyons. Although the City of Carlsbad is wholly within the Carlsbad Watershed Management Area (WMA) the City is tributary to four distinct Hydrologic Areas or sub-watersheds: • Buena Vista Creek and Lagoon • Agua Hedionda Creek and Lagoon • Encinas Creek • San Marcos Creek and Batiquitos Lagoon All drainage basins with the exception of Encinas terminate in lagoons. As a result, the City's receiving water bodies are the three lagoons and the Pacific Ocean. 1.3 Water Quality Improvement Plans Along with the other Copermittees within the Carlsbad WMA, the City of Carlsbad participated in the development of the Carlsbad WMA WQIP to establish the priorities and goals for the watersheds in order to focus jurisdictional strategies for implementation. By identifying the Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions (HPWQC)s and Priority Water Quality Conditions (PWQCs) the City established the focus of the program's planning and implementation efforts. The HPWQCs selected for the Buena Vista Creek, Agua Hedionda and San Marcos Hydrologic Areas are indicator bacteria, e.g., total coliform, fecal coliform and enterococcus. The City identified areas within the hydrologic areas where specific WQIP strategies will be implemented. These strategies may differ from the City's core program in order to focus on the specific HPWQCs, sources and activities that may be contributing to the HPWQCs. These strategies are identified in call out boxes throughout the JRMP. The City developed goals and schedules for achieving those goals in order to have measureable targets and metrics to measure progress towards improving water quality. Once the goals were established, the City then identified the strategies that would be implemented to address the City's discharges and make water quality improvements. Strategies typically address multiple conditions; therefore, it is anticipated that all priority conditions will be improved through implementation of the selected water quality improvement strategies. For more information regarding the WQIPs, the reader is directed to the Project Clean Water website for the current Carlsbad WMA WQIP documents and Annual Updates. \(\0 Figure 1: City of Carlsbad Watershed Drainage Areas Page intentionally blank for printing purposes 2 City Roles and Legal Authority This section describes the City's legal authority and Department Program responsibilities and roles, regarding storm water management. The City maintains adequate legal authority within its jurisdiction to control pollutant discharge into and from its MS4 through the City's Municipal Code and ordinances. 2.1 Legal Authority The City has established and maintains its legal authority to control pollutant discharges into and from its MS4. The City will continue to ensure that it has the legal authority to require BMP implementation, to prohibit all identified illicit discharges, to prohibit and eliminate illicit connections to the MS4, and to control the discharge of spills, dumping, and disposal of materials other than storm water to its MS4. Municipal Code Chapter 15.12 is the primary section related to the program and can be found at the City's website. 2.2 Enforcement Procedures The City employs a tiered, escalating enforcement system for violations of the City's Municipal Code throughout the City. The escalating administrative and judicial enforcement measures are described in Section 9 Enforcement Response Plan of this JRMP. 2.3 City Department Program Responsibilities The following table identifies the departments and staff that conduct urban runoff management activities and their roles under the City's JRMP. For broader descriptions ofthe departments and their overall roles in the City operations, please see the City's website at www.carlsbadca.gov. Department Roles City Manager's Office Overall oversight for JRMP implementation; City Attorney Certification of adequate legal authority; Enforcement assistance when necessary City Clerk Maintains records of programs and implementation; provides public records request support when applicable Public Works Director Designee for JRMP oversight with authority to certify related documents. Community and Economic Development - Planning Division and Land Development Division General Plan update; Environmental Review process update and implementation; review of projects for compliance with all City development codes; conditions of approval for project permitting process; provide data and information for annual reports; provide education to development community; Represent the City at regional meetings related to Development Planning Community and Economic Development - Land Development Division Modifications to development requirements; ensure that new development and significant redevelopment requirements (e.g., SUSMP) are included in all development projects; maintain inventory of permits; assist in development of and implementation of Hydromodification Management Plan; provide data and information for annual reports; provide education to development community Public Works - Capital Projects Division, Public Works - Property Division, Public Works - Utilities Divisions, Parks Planning Division Ensure that capital improvement projects meet the new development or significant redevelopment requirements; ensure that the capital improvement projects construction activities have adequate BMPs required for implementation by the City's contractor; provide data and information for annual reports Community and Economic Development - Building Division, Public Works - Construction Management and Inspections Division, Public Works - Property Division, Public Works - Utilities Division, Parks Planning Division Maintain construction site inventory; Conduct inspections and regulate construction sites regarding erosion, sediment control and other site management activities; including post-construction BMPs; Contribute to education and outreach for construction audience; Conduct post- construction BMP construction verification; Maintain the treatment control BMP inventory and oversee maintenance tracking activities; Special event inspections; Provide data and information for annual reporting Community and Economic Development - Building Division and Code Enforcement Plan review, permit issuance, building inspection and code enforcement for building permit projects; provide data and information for annual reports; provide education to development community, Provide enforcement support for construction activities Public Works - Environmental Management Coordinate and implement the IDDE program; Conduct/manage water quality monitoring programs; Conduct education and outreach for businesses and residents; Maintain business and residential inventory; Conduct inspections and assessments of industrial and commercial sites, commercial areas, residential areas, and municipal sites, including minimum BMPs; Provide data and coordinate data collection for annual reporting; Develop and conduct effectiveness assessments for existing development programs; Perform Principle Copermittee duties for the CWMA and participate in meetings and collaboration; Represent the City at regional meetings; Act as a liaison with the RWQCB The organizational chart, shown below in Figure 2, identifies these departments in relation to the City management. ELECTORATE Traffic Safety Commission Carisbad Tourism B.l.a Advisory Board Carlsbad Golf Lodging B.II}. Advisory Board ^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^ ^^^^^^^^^ City Manager City Attorney Assistant City Manager (ProJecUl t r Assistant City Manager (Openllons) Alts Commission Historic Preservation Commission Ubrary Board of Trustees Parks & Rec Commission Senior Commission Beach Preservation Committee Packs & Recreation Fire Department Community & Economic Development ..L ZZL Ubrary a Cultural Arts Administrative Services J Housing ft Nnghbothood Scrvktt Property ft Envfronm«nTal Mirwgement KEY Elected CourKil Appointed L_J Council Appointed > > Information Ttchnology Figure 2: City of Carlsbad Organizational Chart 3 Non-Storm Water Discharges 3.1 Introduction This section describes the City's approach to controlling the non-storm water discharges to the MS4. The City addresses non-storm water discharges as illicit discharges unless a non-storm water discharge qualifies as a conditional discharge. Non-storm water discharges are runoff flows from any type of activity other than weather caused precipitation or naturally occurring groundwater. Typical non-storm water discharges include, but are not limited to: • Residential vehicle washing • Residential and commercial street, sidewalk and parking lot washing (e.g., hosing down and high pressure washing) • Air conditioning condensation • Swimming pool discharges • Sanitary sewer overflows • Septic system overflows • Over-Irrigation discharger (e.g., overspray and over irrigation runoff) Identifying and eliminating non-storm water discharges from entering the City's MS4 is a cost-effective best management practice (BMP) for improving water quality. Through the illicit discharge detection and elimination program (IDDE), the City investigates and eliminates any known or observed non-storm water discharge. The IDDE program is explained in more detail in Section 4. Prohibited Non-Storm Water Discharges The City prohibits all non-storm water discharges unless a discharge is authorized by a separate NPDES permit or qualifies as a conditional discharge. 3.2 Conditional Non-Storm water Discharges The following categories of non-storm water discharges are conditionally allowed by the City if the discharge meets the criteria described below. If a discharge does not meet the criteria, then it is prohibited by the City. 3.2.1 Discharges Associated with Separate NPDES Perinit The RWQCB may permit a discharger to discharge water to the City's MS4, as long as the City does not determine that the discharge is a source of pollutants. Pumping and Groundwater The following non-storm water discharges are allowed if the discharge has coverage under NPDES Permit No. CAG919002 (Order No. R9-2008-0002): • Uncontaminated pumped ground water • Discharges from foundation drains (i.e.. If the system is located ator below the groundwater table to extract groundwater) • Water from crawl space pumps • Water from footing drains Water Line Flushing and Breaks The City considers non-storm water discharges associated with water line flushing or breaks as an illicit discharge, unless the discharge has coverage under NPDES Permit No. CAG 679001 (Order No. R9-2010- 0003 or subsequent order). In addition, discharges from recycled or reclaimed water lines are illicit, unless covered under a separate NPDES Permit. 3.2.2 Controlled Non-Storm water Discharges The City of Carlsbad allows the following non-storm water discharges to enter the MS4 if the following controls and criteria are implemented: Air Conditioning Condensation The discharge should be directed to landscaped areas or other pervious surfaces. Dechlorinated Swimming Pool Discharges Prior to discharging to the MS4, residual chlorine, algaecide, filter backwash, or other pollutants from the swimming pools, must be eliminated. The discharge of saline swimming pools must be directed to the sanitary sewer, landscaped areas, or other pervious surfaces that can accommodate the volume of water. Individual Residential Vehicle Washing The use of water and washing detergent should be minimized and the discharge of wash water should be directed to landscaped areas or other pervious surfaces. 3.2.3 Discretionary Discharge The following discharges are not prohibited unless they are identified by the City or the RWQCB as pollutant sources to receiving waters: • Diverted stream flows • Rising ground waters • Uncontaminated ground water infiltration to MS4s • Springs • Flows form riparian habitats and wetlands • Direct discharges from potable water sources • Direct discharges from foundation drains • Direct discharges from footing drains 3.3 Program for Non-Emergency Fire Fighting Flows The Carlsbad Fire Department (CFD) has developed the Non-Emergency Fire Fighting Program to meet the requirements of Order R9-2013-0001. This section describes the City's program to reduce pollutants from non-emergency firefighting flows (i.e., flows from controlled or practice blazes and maintenance activities). By default, the non-emergency firefighting flows are flows generated by the Fire Department other than emergency situations. The CFD will maintain a storm water pollution prevention manual (SWPPP) specific to each fire station to serve as a central location for all storm water documents, training, and BMP descriptions, as well as departmental policies related to storm water. The BMPs incorporated at Fire Stations are listed below: • The SWPPPs include facility specific site maps, storm water inspection reports, facility specific spill response procedures, training records, department policies, and other related storm water compliance information. • A written department policy on outside water use is followed and covers vehicle, hose, and equipment washing. • Spill response equipment and materials are clearly identified and staged in accessible locations. • Sweeping and removal of organic material from parking lots and walkways is completed on a weekly or as needed basis at all fire stations. • The City's Safety Training Center is used for various methods of training and testing for firefighting. Water used for this non-emergency training is retained on-site through the use of flow retention devices and other BMPs. • The Fire Department will continue to provide acceptable wet training opportunities for personnel, while ensuring that appropriate BMPs are in place to protect storm drains and eliminate discharges to the MS4. • Awareness is heightened at fire scenes to minimize the potential for excessive water flow. • Awareness is heightened at incident scenes to contain potential discharges (once the scene had been stabilized) to prevent pollutants from entering the storm drain system. • The Fire Department will continue to implement the City's spill response procedure for incidents that occur on City streets. The CFD will continue to communicate with other City departments to improve coordination and education with regards to storm water. The Fire Department conducts annual training levels to ensure that all fire department personnel are versed in storm water as it relates to fire station and firefighting activities. Page intentionally blank for printing purposes 10 4 Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination 4.1 Introduction This section describes the responsibilities of staff with respect to implementation of the Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination (IDDE) component ofthe JRMP. This program section is intended to provide direction to actively seek and eliminate illicit discharges and connections. In general, illicit discharges to the MS4 are any discharges not composed entirely of storm water unless they are authorized under a separate NPDES permit or are considered conditional discharges, described further in Section 3, Non-Storm Water Discharges. The City's program to actively seek and eliminate illicit discharges to the MS4 is comprised ofthe following elements: • Visual outfall monitoring • Source specific observations • Use of City staff for reporting observations • Use of public hotline and reporting methods • Investigations and enforcement • Spill response reporting, and prevention In almost all cases of illicit discharges, elimination ofthe discharge requires some level of enforcement and/or abatement action. Specifications in the Carlsbad Municipal Code grant the City the powers to enforce its regulations pertaining to illicit discharges. The Municipal Code requires the violator to conduct abatement activities required to eliminate an illicit discharge or for the City to conduct the abatement activities itself. 4.2 Program Elements 4.2.1 MS4Map The City maintains an updated map of its MS4 and the corresponding drainage areas. A detailed map is included as Appendix A, identifies the following: • Segments of the MS4 owned, operated, and maintained by the City • Locations of inlets • Known locations of connections with other MS4s, not owned by the City • Known locations of MS4 outfalls and private outfalls that discharge runoff collected from areas within the City • Segments of receiving waters within the City that receive and convey runoff discharge from the MS4 outfalls • Locations of MS4 outfall discharge monitoring stations • Locations of non-storm water persistent flow MS4 outfall discharge monitoring stations 4.2.2 Dry Weather MS4 Outfall Monitoring Programs The City conducts field screenings of MS4 outfalls and portions ofthe MS4 infrastructure, to detect illicit discharges. The following sections briefly describe the monitoring programs performed by the City that are specific to IDDE. Monitoring programs are explained in more detail in Section 12, Monitoring Programs. 11 The intent ofthe Dry Weather MS4 Outfall Discharge Monitoring Program is to investigate any observed discharge from the MS4 and determine if the discharge is an illicit connection or discharge. The City will use dry weather field and analytical monitoring information to characterize dry weather discharges in the MS4 and identify conveyances that are discharging elevated levels of pollutants. Follow-up studies and source investigations will be conducted as required, to detect and eliminate the sources of these pollutants. There are three components to the dry weather-monitoring program: 1. Field observations 2. Field screening 3. Laboratory analyses Field observations include various site descriptions and a series of qualitative (primarily visual) observations of physical and biological conditions at the site. Field screening includes determinations of several water quality parameters and flow in the field. The laboratory analysis component involves the collection of samples for a more extensive laboratory analysis of pollutants that can cause water quality degradation. The presence of abnormal conditions in any of the three dry weather-monitoring components is justification for initiating a pollutant source identification investigation. The Non-Storm Water Persistent Flow MS4 Outfall Discharge Monitoring Program focuses analytical monitoring at locations known to have persistent flow. The City monitors five highest priority major outfalls. Monitoring is required to continue unless one of the following events occurs: • The flow is eliminated • The flow is identified as an allowable non-storm water discharge • The non-storm water discharge does not exceed numerical action levels (NALs) and the flow can be re-prioritized to a lower priority • The flow is identified as a conditional non-storm water discharge 4.2.3 Source Specific Observations The City implements investigational source identification procedures in order to identify and eliminate discharge sources. The City inspects municipal, industrial, commercial, residential, and construction activities to identify sources of illicit discharge. Often, when an illicit discharge is detected during an inspection, it can be eliminated before it affects receiving waters. Non-storm water flows from over-irrigation or irrigation system overspray observed from field staff or reported through the storm water hotline or email, will be forwarded to Public Works - Utilities (Carlsbad Municipal Water District) for response and enforcement, if necessary. 4.2.4 Observation Reporting by City Staff The City trains full-time maintenance and operations staff to immediately refer all storm water violations observed while working in the field to the Storm Water Protection Program. 4.2.5 Reporting and Notification The City of Carlsbad operates a Hotline used by the public to report potential illicit discharges and connections. The Hotline number is posted on the city's website and is provided in informational mailers 12 to residents and businesses, advertisements, and social media. The Hotline is capable of receiving reports in English and Spanish 24 hours per day, seven days per week. Relevant issues received through the County of San Diego hotline will be forwarded to the City of Carlsbad Storm Water Protection Program. Reports and notifications can be filed by phone or e-mail using the two public hotlines and e-mail address listed below, which are currently operated by the City of Carlsbad and the County of San Diego Department of Environmental Health: • City of Carlsbad Storm Water Hotline, (760) 602-2799 • City of Carlsbad Storm Water Protection Program e-mail: stormwater@carlsbadca.gov • County Storm Water Hotline (888) 846-0800 When reports or notifications are made, the City will implement the following receipt procedures: 1. Collection of Information, including: a. Complainant information, b. Potential Responsible party information, c. Location and description of the discharge or issue, and d. Materials and waste involved, etc. 2. Information/Investigation Tracking a. All provided information is entered into city database. 3. Prioritization a. Reports and notifications are prioritized using the following criteria: i. Is the discharge currently occurring? ii. Is there an immediate threat to human health or the environment? iii. Is a hazardous or unknown material involved? 4. Routing/Referral a. Based on the prioritization, complaints are routed to the appropriate City staff or department, or other appropriate agency for further investigation and the City will confirm receipt. 4.2.6 City staff Investigation Once a report or notification is received, staff visit the location ofthe issue, investigate, and determine the appropriate course of action. If the potential responsible party is found, and depending on the severity ofthe violation. City staff may provide educational information or materials to the potential responsible party or follow the appropriate enforcement action(s) as described in Section 9, Enforcement Response Plan. If deemed necessary, staff would conduct a follow-up investigation to ensure the correction has been made. This process encourages pollution prevention methods and verifies the implementation of required BMPs. 4.2.7 Spill Reporting, Response, and Prevention The City of Carlsbad's Spill Response Plan covers spills to the storm water conveyance system. The intent of the Spill Response Plan is to prevent or minimize the impact of spills by implementing appropriate actions, by various city departments, to prevent spills from entering the MS4 and/or using appropriate cleanup and mitigation methods. Additionally, the City has a Sanitary Sewer Overflow Response Plan (SSORP) as described in Section 7.4.10.2 of this JRMP. 13 Spills that require an emergency response by the Fire Department and the San Diego County Department of Environmental Health Hazardous Incident Response Team (HIRT) for management or mitigation will be reported to the Governor's Office of Emergency Services and any other appropriate agencies, including the San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board, by the HIRT in accordance with State requirements and within the required timeframes. 4.3 Enforcement The City investigates illicit discharges or connections upon receipt or following an in-field observation. City staff document issues, observations and responses through internal memorandums, emails, and work orders. For any enforcement actions, the City follows the established protocols described in Section 9, Enforcement Response Plan. 14 5 Development Planning 5.1 Introduction The development planning process is a comprehensive process that includes planning, engineering, construction and post-construction phases. Each phase includes review, conditional requirements and verification that the requirements have been satisfied. The construction portion of the development process is described in Section 6 of the JRMP. Because the process weaves through various phases, there are several City Departments/Divisions involved in the development process, including. Community and Economic Development - Building Division and Land Development Division, Public Works - Construction Management and Inspections Division, Public Works - Property Division and Utilities Division, Parks Planning Division. This section describes the requirements of the City's Development Planning Component and staff responsibilities. As development or redevelopment occurs, the City requires projects to plan for, design and construct post-construction BMPs to mitigate the water quality impacts of the planned land use. Development Planning is intended to: • reduce discharges of pollutants from developed properties; • prevent discharges from the MS4 from causing or contributing to a violation of water quality standards, and; • manage increases in runoff discharge rates and durations from developed properties that are likely to cause increased erosion of stream beds and banks, silt pollutant generation, or other impacts to beneficial uses and stream habitat due to increased erosive force. The City's Standards Manual includes guidelines and procedures on how stormwater requirements are applied to development and redevelopment projects. The Standards Manual requirements apply to both private and public development projects. The Standards Manual is located in Volume 4 of the City's Engineering Standards Manual. Please follow the following link for the City's Standards Manual: httD://www.carlsbadca.gov/tcivicax/filebank/blobdload.asDx?BloblD=25522. 5.2 Best Management Practice Requirements Carlsbad's Standards Manual explains how Best Management Practices (BMPs) are applied to development and redevelopment projects. One of the first steps is to determine the type (or level) of storm water standards that apply to a project. The Standards Manual explains how development projects are either subject to Standard Storm Water Requirements or Priority Development Project (PDP) Requirements. Depending on how substantial the project is will result in either ofthe two water quality requirements. This determination is found by completing a form called the 'Storm Water Standards Questionnaire', which is explained further in Section 5.3.2. The Standards Manual includes guidance to understand how a project may affect runoff in the watershed and to consider downstream impaired water bodies or sensitive habitat. The Standards Manual provides information on the anticipated pollutants generated by a project category. This knowledge helps to assess the effectiveness of BMPs that are being considered for a project. Selecting the appropriate BMPs helps treat the runoff prior to discharge from the project. In addition, the Standards Manual has design procedures to ensure BMPs are incorporated into the project features. 15 In general, simpler projects disturbing small areas or resulting in small amounts of new impervious areas. Standard Storm Water requirements are likely to apply. When projects disturb larger areas or are more complex, they will usually trigger the need for PDP (or enhanced water quality treatment) requirements. However, the thresholds are sensitive so that certain smaller projects along sensitive habitat or waterways might also trigger PDP requirements. For more information on how storm water standards are triggered or applied, refer to section 5.3.2. Selecting the appropriate BMPs will vary from project to project depending on the physical site constraints, downstream impairments, development category, types of soil, and target pollutant(s) generated by their specific project. 5.2.1 BMPs for Standard Projects BMPs for Standard Storm Water Requirements must use Low Impact Development (LID) techniques and site design features using Appendix 1 in the Standards Manual. Although BMPs do not need to be sized by a technical report (engineered), using Appendix 1 provides a menu of different BMPs with narrative to explain when they are used and where to deploy them on their project. The following are examples of BMPs for projects subject to Standard Stormwater Requirements: • Having impervious areas drain to pervious surfaces (roof downspouts to vegetation). • Store liquids or materials in covered areas to avoid contact with storm runoff. • Minimizing impervious surfaces or using pervious paving where appropriate • Having covers on bins for refuse storage area • Having extended canopy covers for fuel dispensing areas • Minimizing run-on to loading docks • Adding stencils to inlets for no dumping of waste The City ensures BMPs for Standard Stormwater projects are incorporated during planning and/or plan review process through the normal project development process using Appendix 1 of the Standards Manual. 5.2.2 BMPs for Priority Development Projects The Carlsbad Standards Manual includes sizing methods (volume or flow-based) to select and size treatment control BMPs (TCBMPs) for projects. BMPs for PDP projects are sized (engineered) to treat those areas draining to them. The Carlsbad Standards Manual also provides several treatment control BMP options that applicants may choose for their projects including raised planters, bio-retention facilities, pervious pavements, infiltration trenches, cisterns, and more. To help make the appropriate BMP selections, the Standards Manual includes the BMP types and their relative efficiency at removing certain categories of pollutants. Projects are required to select BMPs that have a high or medium efficiency at removing target pollutants. Those that choose low efficiency BMPs are required to include extensive narrative to explain the other high efficiency BMPs and why they were not selected for their project. If sufficient justification cannot be provided, then through the planning and/or plan review process, other BMPs are required that are more effective at removing the anticipated pollutants. In addition to sizing treatment control BMPs the City also has hydromodification management requirements for priority development projects. This ensures post-development runoff does not exceed pre-development runoff for a select range of storm flow conditions. Hydromodification requirements are 16 included within the final hydromodification management plan (HMP). Please refer to the following link for HMP technical guidelines: http://www.proiectcleanwater.org/index.phD?oDtion=com content&view=article&id=182&ltemid=188. The City has Storm Water Management Plan (SWMP) guidelines for PDP projects and includes an HMP applicability checklist. This checklist is completed to determine whether the project is required to comply with HMP or if exemption criteria can be met. The applicability checklist is reviewed for concurrence on the determination. If HMP requirements apply to a project, the BMPs forthe project are designed to meet both treatment and HMP requirements. The Carlsbad Standards Manual includes an integrated low impact design (integrated LID) approach for applicants to select and size to satisfy both these requirements. This integrated process results in projects that satisfy Carlsbad's Standards Manual requirements. This process also results in the appropriate selection of BMPs for a project that address the needs of the downstream areas. The City uses the County of San Diego Low Impact Development (LID) handbook as a guidance document for applicants. The handbook is a tool to educate developers, contractors. City staff and homeowners regarding different types of LID features on a typical project. The handbook includes different LID features, what their purpose is, and how they are deployed on a project site. Go to the following link for this handbook: http://www.proiectcleanwater.org/images/stories/Docs/LID/countvofsd LID handbook.pdf. The BMP selection and implementation steps are reviewed by staff during the environmental review (Section 5.3.1), planning/discretionary process (Section 5.3.2) and plan review process (Section 5.3.3). Once plan review is complete, the process of BMP installation is carried through via the construction verification process (Section 5.3.4). 5.3 Land Development Process 5.3.1 Environmental Review Process In accordance with California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) guidelines, the City's environmental review process begins with the submittal of an Initial Study Checklist for private projects or the Early Assessment Form for City projects. The City's Planning staff is responsible to assess and promulgate environmental determinations for development projects. Using CEQA guidelines, projects may either be issued an exemption, mitigated negative declaration or an Environment Impact Report (EIR). Based on the results ofthe checklist, the City requires additional studies to elaborate on the environmental impacts of the project. The Initial Checklist provides an expanded section on potential water quality impacts for each project. Table 2 shows an excerpt ofthe updated Initial Study Checklist that includes specific hydrology and water quality analysis the City uses during the environmental review process. 17 isfy Table 2: Hydrology and Water Quality Analysis Checklist HYDROLOGY AND WATER QUALITY. Could the project: a. Violate any water quality standards or waste discharge requirements? b. Substantially deplete groundwater supplies or interfere substantially with ground water recharge such that there would be a net deficit in aquifer volume or a lowering ofthe local ground water table level (i.e., the production rate of pre-existing nearby wells would drop to a level which would not support existing land uses or planned uses for which permits have been granted)? Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern ofthe site or area, including through the alteration ofthe course of a stream or river, in a manner, which would result in substantial erosion or siltation on- or off-site? Substantially alter the existing drainage pattern of the site or area, including through the alteration of the course of a stream or river, or substantially increase the flow rate or amount (volume) of surface runoff in a manner, which would result in flooding on- or off- site? Create or contribute runoff water, which would exceed the capacity of existing or planned storm water drainage systems or provide substantial additional sources of polluted runoff? Otherwise substantially degrade water quality? Place housing within a 100-year flood hazard area as mapped on a Federal Flood Hazard Boundary or Flood Insurance Rate Map or other flood delineation map? Place within 100-year flood hazard area structures, which would impede or redirect flood flows? i. Expose people or structures to a significant risk of loss, injury or death involving flooding, including flooding as a result of the failure of a levee or dam? j. Inundation by seiche, tsunami, or mudflow? k. Increase erosion (sediment) into receiving surface waters? I. Impact aquatic, wetland, or riparian habitat? m. Change receiving water quality (marine, fresh or wetland waters) during or following construction? Increase any pollutant to an already impaired water body as listed on the Clean Water Act Section 303(d) list? Increase impervious surfaces and associated runoff? Result in the exceedance of applicable surface or groundwater receiving water quality objectives or degradation of beneficial uses? c. d. e. f. h. If the project has potential impacts to water quality, technical reports (i.e.: preliminary Storm Water Management Plan) are prepared for review. These reports are prepared to address the anticipated pollutants and measures considered to avoid or address the development impacts to runoff to downstream tributaries. The format for preliminary SWMPs includes the same basic content of a final SWMP in final design, as it is used to demonstrate project feasibility similar to how a preliminary soils investigation or a preliminary hydrology study is used to address project impacts and mitigation measures. For City SWMP requirements, please refer to http://www.carlsbadca.gov/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?BloblD=22712. 5.3.2 Planning Certain projects require entitlements (discretionary process) before plan development begins. City Planning staff evaluate projects against the Municipal code and planning oveHays to determine whether discretionary action is first required before design begins. If the entitlement process is required, submittal 18 packages using submittal checklists are prepared. Please refer to the following link for City's discretionary project submittal checklists: http://www.carlsbadca.gov/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?BloblD=24116. During the development review process, the City requires that new development and redevelopment projects evaluate their project against the required project Standards Manual thresholds to determine the level of storm water requirements that apply to their project. To evaluate projects, applicants are required to fill out and submit a Storm Water Standards Questionnaire (SWSQ) to the City. The SWSQ was developed using criteria from the 2013 Municipal Permit. Upon submittal. City staff reviews each SWSQ to evaluate the accuracy ofthe thresholds that may apply to the project and to ensure the proper outcome of the SWSQ and compliance with the Carlsbad Standards Manual. Please refer to the following link for the City's SWSQ: http://www.carlsbadca.gov/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?BloblD=22711. If the project thresholds trigger Priority Development Requirements, a preliminary SWMP is prepared for City review (mimics the environmental review process). Staff reviews the preliminary SWMPs to seek concurrence with the project description, anticipated pollutants, impaired water bodies, BMP selection, and BMP sizing methods. Staff also reviews the BMPs in the preliminary SWMP to ensure they are included in the project design. Private Development If a preliminary SWMP is not submitted, the application is deemed incomplete and the applicant is notified. For development projects subject to Standard Stormwater Requirements, staff use the checklist (Appendix 1 of the Standards Manual) to ensure typical BMPs are deployed in appropriate locations. This process results in projects that meet Carlsbad's Standards Manual requirements and requirements of the Municipal Permit. Projects subject to PDP requirements that receive discretionary approval include conditions-of- approval requiring the: • Submittal of final SWMPs as part of final design, subject to City review and approval. • Inclusion of BMPs on final grading or improvement plans in accordance with the final SWMP. • Inclusion of an executed/notarized permanent BMP maintenance agreements (for private development) 5.3.3 Plan Review Projects are reviewed to ensure that the City's Standards Manual requirements are included and met. The submittal requirements for plan review require the submittal of a completed SWSQ. If a project is subject PDP requirements, a SWMP must also be included. Private Development During submittal review, if discrepancies are identified on storm water related items, they are included in the review comments. The Applicant is responsible for addressing the discrepancies, updating exhibits and/or technical reports (e.g.: preliminary SWMP) and resubmitting until the comments are addressed. 19 During plan review, if discrepancies are identified on storm water related items, they are included in the review comments to the Engineer-of-Work. The plans and/or SWMP are updated and resubmitted until the comments are addressed. Grading and Improvement plans for projects subject to PDP requirements will include BMP table on the title sheet that summarizes the permanent treatment control BMPs (TCBMPs) being installed and which sheet includes their construction. This process helps notify the reviewer, developer and inspector of this permanent water quality facility and also is used by our City Asset Management staff as they add these TCBMPs to our GIS inventory for tracking, on TCBMPs in the City. Below is a sample of the TCBMP table Private Development The City requires a SWSQ and SWMP to be included for a complete project application. The City's engineering improvement plan submittal checklist can be found at: http://www.carlsbadca.gov/civicax/file bank/blobdload.aspx?BloblD=22692 The City's grading plan submittal checklist, can be found at: http://www.carlsbadca.gov/civicax/file bank/blobdload.aspx?BloblD=22691. Our GIS system is used to generate reports included on these plans: Table 3: BMP Table POST-CONSTRUCTION BMP TABLE STOR^mTER REQUIREMENTS THAT APPLY: EXEMPT FROM HYDROMODinCAVON? 1 STANDARD STORMWATER REQUIREMENTS ] YES (SEE SWMP FOR DOCUMENTATION) 1 1 PRIORITY PROJECT REQUIREMENTS J NO TYPE DESCRIPTION OWNERSHIP MAINTENANCE AGREEMENT SHEET NO. MAINTENANCE FREQUENCY A single-sheet post construction BMP (SSPCBMP) plan that includes a project site plan and shows the comprehensive locations of each BMP such as site design, source control, low impact development technique, treatment controls, and hydromodification features is prepared. The SSPCBMP plan contains a table that contains cross-references summarizing the selected BMPs together with the appropriate construction document (e.g.: grading, improvement, building or landscape) that is responsible to build each particular post-construction BMP. Upon permit issuance, a copy ofthe SSPCBMP plan is signed and distributed with the construction drawings for reference by the contractor and inspector. At the conclusion of the project and prior to issuance of an occupancy permit or acceptance of the improvements, the inspector uses the SSPCBMP plan to help ensure all required post-construction BMPs are installed as required. After verification, the inspector initials the plan and places a copy in the project inspection file. The SSPCBMP is required content for a SWMP. The SSPCBMP includes project information and other tables to help organize and present the different types of post construction BMPs for a project. The SSPCBMP serves as a comprehensive document displaying the project and the location of different post construction BMPs that are be installed along with calling out which construction document (grading, improvement, building, landscape plan, etc.) that is responsible to install each listed BMP. The template is found on the City's website for use by applicants when preparing SWMPs. For a copy of the template 20 SSPCBMP plan, refer to http://www.carlsbadca.gov/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?BloblD=22678. Once final plans and reports are approved, they are prepared for scanning into the City's Digital Management System. This process ensures both plans and final SWMPs are available for reference similar to any other project-related technical study (geotechnical report, drainage study, structural calculations, etc.). Grading and Improvement plans for projects subject to PDP requirements also require the owner, if other than the City, to execute a City standard permanent BMP maintenance agreement. Prior to plan approval, this must be executed by the property owner and submitted to the City for recordation against the property. This document provides a notice to current and prospective property owners of their obligation to monitor and maintain permanent BMPs on their property. It also links BMP maintenance information to the SWMP on file with the City. For plan reviews subject to Standard Stormwater Requirements, staff use the checklist (Appendix 1 ofthe Standards Manual) to ensure typical BMPs are deployed in appropriate locations. 5.3.3 Summary of process steps Table 4 is a comprehensive summary of the various steps where Standards Manual requirements are integrated with City processes. Table 4: Development Process and Standards Manual Activities Development Process Stage Standards Manual Activity Description Documents/References Conceptual Project Design Developer uses the Carlsbad STANDARDS MANUAL and Storm Water Standards Questionnaire to determine project priority and begins project layout and design. For priority projects the City recommends to developers that a preliminary SWMP should be prepared. • Storm Water Standards Questionnaire • Storm Water Standards Manual which includes the Carlsbad Standards Manual • 303(d) List Pre-application Review Developer submits the preliminary project proposal to staff to obtain input on conceptual project layout including storm water compliance issues. • Preliminary site plan checklist • SWMP Fact Sheet For projects that require Discretionary Action(s): Application for Discretionary Review City staff review application package at front Counter for completeness of submittal including storm water compliance documents. Project is logged into the City database for tracking. A completed Environmental Initial Assessment (EIA) form is submitted with the application package. • Project Application Submittal Checklist • City review letter 21 Development Process Stage Standards Manual Activity Description Documents/References Application Review City staff reviews application, site plans and accompanying reports and documents including any SWMP, geotechnical and hydrology/hydraulic reports. Project is reviewed for consistency with General Plan, Local Coastal Plan (LCP), Habitat Management Plan, Carlsbad Standards Manual and City Codes and other Standards including all storm water protection policies and requirements including new LID and interim hydromodification requirements. Project location is reviewed for proximity to environmentally sensitive areas and to determine if project drains to a water body on the 303(d) list. Project EIA is reviewed and appropriate environmental review documents are requested and reviewed in compliance with California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) requirements. • Site plan review checklist • SWMP checklist • 303(d) List • General Plan • Local Coastal Plan • Habitat Management Plan • City Codes • Environmental Assessment Form • CEQA Guidelines • City review letter (if any) Discretionary Approval City denies project or approves with conditions including storm water compliance conditions. Applicable standard conditions of approval are applied to the project together with any special conditions of approval as City staff determines necessary to reduce or eliminate the projects storm water pollution impacts to the MEP. Approving authority makes required findings that project complies with the General Plan, LCP, Habitat Management Plan, Standards Manual, City Codes and any other appropriate land use planning documents. Environmental documents are certified and any mitigation monitoring requirements are noted in the project approval. • City's standard conditions of approval • Project Conditions of Approval • Environmental mitigation and monitoring plan (if any) Final Project Design Developer prepares project construction plans including grading, improvement, landscape and building detailing required BMPs. Construction SWPPP is prepared and SWMP is finalized. A single sheet post construction BMP site plan is prepared. • Storm Water Standards Manual • Project Conditions of Approval • Environmental mitigation and monitoring plan (if any) For Private Development: Construction Plan Review Application Submittal City staff review application package for completeness of submittal including storm water compliance documents. Applicant completes and submits Project Storm Water Threat Assessment Worksheet included as part of the Storm Water Requirements Applicability Checklist. • Plan review Application Submittal Checklist • Project Threat Assessment Worksheet • Project Conditions of Approval Construction Plan Review City staff reviews construction plans and accompanying reports and documents including any SWMP, single sheet post construction BMP site plan. Construction SWPPP, geotechnical and hydrology/hydraulic reports. All storm water pollution prevention requirements are checked against construction plan checklist, SWMP checklist, Construction SWPPP checklist and project conditions of approval. Construction cost estimates are approved for bonding costs including costs for structural BMPs. For priority projects a BMP Maintenance Agreement is prepared. • Construction Plan checklist • SWMP Checklist • Construction SWPPP Checklist • Project conditions of approval • Project Threat Assessment • City Engineering plan review procedures • Environmental mitigation and monitoring plan (if any) • Cost estimates 22 0 svelopment Process Stage Standards Manual Activity Description Process Review Documents/References Construction Plan Approval City approves construction plans and accompanying Construction SWPPP and SWMP including single sheet post construction BMP site plan. The executed BMP Maintenance Agreement is recorded and entered into the City's document management system database. All treatment control BMPs are noted on the construction plans and forwarded to the GIS group for entry into the BMP inventory. Any project design changes that differ from the approved site plan or project conditions of approval are reviewed in compliance with the City's Substantial Conformance Procedures to ensure that the project remains in compliance with all land use planning findings. If other than the City, secured agreements to construct project improvements are obtained backed up with cash and/or other securities. Developer is required to note the WDID number on the project plans • Plan review completion letter • BMP Maintenance Agreement • BMP Inventory update procedures • Substantial Conformance Procedures • Environmental mitigation and monitoring plan (if any) • Cost estimates • Secured Agreements • Single sheet post construction BMP site plan Ministerial (Construction) Permit Issuance City issues permit(s) for construction activities including grading, improvement, building, demolition and blasting. Any special storm water compliance requirements are noted on permit. City staff review plan review completion letter for any special storm water compliance requirements. Copies ofthe permit, construction plans. Construction SWPPP, single sheet post construction BMP site plan and SWMP are forwarded to the Construction Management and Inspection Division. A construction inspection level (low, medium or high) is assigned in accordance with the project's threat assessment form. The project tracking database is updated with the project threat assessment construction level and permit issuance status. • Plan review completion letter • Project SWMP • Project Construction SWPPP • Construction Threat Assessment Worksheet • Pollution Prevention Guide for the Construction Industry • Construction SWPPP Fact Sheet • Single sheet post construction BMP site plan Preconstruction Meeting City staff meets with contractor and other parties to review project construction issues, schedule, and storm water BMP implementation, monitoring and testing requirements. Contractor is informed of storm water inspection and enforcement procedures and reminded to maintain compliance with the City's storm water pollution prevention requirements. City inspector verifies the NOI has been filed with the Regional Board and a WDID number has been assigned to the project. • Preconstruction checklist • Construction SWPPP • SWMP • Construction plans • Pollution Prevention Guide for the Construction Industry • Single sheet post construction BMP site plan Construction and Inspection Developer constructs project including temporary and permanent BMPs. City inspectors enforce compliance with SWPPP, SWMP and Municipal Permit. During construction City project inspector reviews construction for compliance with all plans, the Construction SWPPP, SWMP and City Standards. Regular storm water compliance inspections are scheduled and tracked per City procedures and the requirements of the JRMP. Enforcement actions are taken as necessary in accordance with City inspection and enforcement procedures. City inspector reviews and approves any minor construction revisions. Major construction revisions are referred to the Engineering Development Services Division for review and approval. • Construction SWPPP • SWMP • Construction plans • City inspection and enforcement procedures • Pollution Prevention Guide for the Construction Industry • Inspection reports • Enforcement action reports • Secured Agreements • Single sheet post construction BMP site plan 23 Development Process Stage Standards Manual Activity Description Process Review Documents/References Project Completion Construction plans are "as-built", securities released, and BMP construction verified. As-Built plans prepared and forwarded to the GIS Group to update the BMP inventory. City inspector reviews project site to verify installation of permanent BMPs prior to occupancy permit and/or project acceptance using the single sheet post construction BMP site plan. Public Improvements are accepted for maintenance including any public structural control BMPs. • Construction SWPPP • SWMP • Construction plans • Pollution Prevention Guide for the Construction Industry • Punch list • Secured Agreements • Project Acceptance Forms • Single sheet post construction BMP site plan Post Construction Annual Treatment Control BMP Inspections BMP owners maintain BMPs in accordance with recommended and regulatory maintenance schedules. Treatment Control BMP owners submit annual verification of effective operation and maintenance of installed treatment control BMPs. City staff inspects project sites with installed treatment control BMPs to verify compliance with storm water requirements. (New requirement was implemented in FY 2008-09). • SWMP • BMP Inventory List • Site BMP Inspection Report • BMP Maintenance Agreement 5.3.4 Construction Verification Process 5.3.4.1 Structural BMP Verification of Installation Prior to Occupancy The installation of all structural BMPs required for Priority Development projects will continue to be verified prior to occupancy. The process is initiated when the contractor/developer requests a pre- construction meeting with City inspectors. During the pre-construction meetings, the contractor/developer is notified of the BMP installation requirements and issued a copy of the City's memo outlining the requirements for occupancy. In addition, the City's inspection process requires documentation on BMP installations priorto occupancy. This process requires written verification from the developer, engineer of work, or other responsible party that BMPs were installed in accordance with the SWMP. This verification must be submitted before a request for occupancy is made. For all Priority Development Projects, the Certificate of Occupancy will not be issued unless the BMPs have been inspected and signed off as being constructed properly. The City inspects the construction and installation of BMPs associated with engineering permits, grading permits, public improvement permits, and Capital Improvement Program (CIP) projects. The Construction Inspectors review the projects for compliance with the water quality requirements for the project and the storm water ordinances. Building Inspectors inspect the construction and installation of BMPs that are associated with private development that requires a demolition or building permit. The City will continue to scan Storm Water Management Plans (SWMPs) into the digital management system (DMS). This allows these water quality reports to be accessed by CM&l inspectors, reviewers, and researchers. Having access to SWMPs helps verify the types and locations of approved post construction treatment control BMPs. 5.3.4.2 Priority Development Project Inventory and Prioritization The City has developed and maintains a GIS watershed-based inventory of publicly and privately owned treatment control BM Ps. The inventory will continue to be used to track and document information about 24 structural BMPs including BMP type, inspection dates and findings, maintenance frequencies and requirements, verifications, and other required information. Updating the inventory is an ongoing process, as new structures are researched, verified, and added on a continual basis. The following information about structural BMPs will continue to be tracked and updated: 1. Unit ID# 2. Status 3. Priority 4. PDP# and Drawings 5. Location (mailing and physical address) 6. Responsible Party (name, address and phone) 7. BMP Type (CASQA identifier) 8. BMP Description (general type description) 9. BMP Detail (specific type description) 10. BMP Manufacturer and Model No., if applicable 11. Inspection and maintenance frequency 12. Inspection Dates and Findings 13. Verification of Maintenance Dates and Findings 14. Watershed and Proximity to ESA The database is used to verify that structural BMPs are regularly maintained by the responsible parties. Post-construction inspection priority for each PDP will be based on the types of BMPs installed. The inspection priority is assigned during preparation of the SWMP in accordance with the BMP Design Manual. The prioritization of inspection of PDPs with structural BMPs will consider the following: 1. The highest water quality priorities identified in the Water Quality Improvement Plan; 2. Receiving water quality; 3. Number and sizes of structural BMPs; 4. Recommended maintenance frequency of structural BMPs; 5. Likelihood of operation and maintenance issues of structural BMPs; 6. Land use and expected pollutants generated; and 7. Compliance history. 5.3.4.3 Structural BMP Maintenance Verifications and Inspections The City has developed an inspection and annual verification of effective operation and maintenance program for structural BMPs. Annually, the City will review PDP sites with structural BMPs in accordance with the inspection requirements noted above. At a minimum, the City will inspect 100% of the high priority structural BMPs prior to October 1st of each year. The City's structural BMP inspection and verification of maintenance program will utilize the following steps to verify the effective operation and maintenance of each structural BMP, regardless of priority, associated with a PDP: 1. The structural BMP inventory will be used to create a list of sites, responsible parties, addresses and the associated BMPs required for inspection and annual verification of maintenance. 2. A verification of maintenance form is mailed out on May 1 of each year to help responsible parties more accurately provide information about the structural BMP maintenance. The form also includes the following information: 25 a. BMPs to be verified; b. Description of maintenance taken during previous year; c. Requirement to supply information to demonstrate maintenance and/or operating status (vendor invoices, photos etc.); d. Certification from the responsible party or third party that the BMP(s) were maintained and are operating; 3. The City will continue to use the TCBMP email address for the BMP verification program. Owners and responsible parties can send questions, verification forms, and other requests to the tcbmp(a)carlsbadca.gov email address, which is monitored by Public Works - Construction Maintenance & Inspection Division. The City also uses and updates the structural BMP email list of responsible parties. The email list has been useful in providing information about treatment control BMP compliance program and notices about upcoming deadlines for maintenance verification submittals. 4. The inspection process will include records review priorto a site inspection. The inspector will use the structural BMP inspection form ) and the following criteria to review and determine the condition ofthe treatment control BMP. The condition of each structure is rated using: a. Good: Currently no maintenance or corrective action is required forthe treatment control BMP. No trees, large plants, excessive trash, stagnant water, blockages, or other major sources of pollutants were observed. The treatment control BMP appears to be functioning as designed. Re-inspect in one year. b. Fair: Light to minor maintenance required within the next year. Small amounts of trash, weeds, plants, debris, and/or silt has accumulated, but the treatment control BMP is functioning as designed. The structure should be re-inspected within one year by the responsible party and/or the City. c. Poor: Maintenance, installation, replacement and/or repairs are required on the structure. Excessive trash, weeds, vegetation, stagnant water, trees, silt, and/or other pollutants were observed during the inspection. In addition, a BMP could be rated as "Poor" if the structure was blocked, needed repair, or is not functioning as required. 5. In the event that a responsible party does not adequately respond and/or has not maintained the structural BMPs as required, the City will use its escalated enforcement authority (Warning Notice, NOV, Fines, etc.) to achieve compliance. 26 OA 6 Construction 6.1 Introduction This section describes the requirements ofthe City's Construction Component and staff responsibilities. As construction activities occur, the City requires projects to plan for and implement temporary construction BMPs to mitigate the water quality impacts of land disturbance and non-storm water discharges related to construction activities. All requirements of the Construction Component are applicable to both private and public development projects. The Construction Component is intended to: • eliminate or reduce discharges of pollutants from construction activities; and • prevent discharges from the MS4 from causing or contributing to a violation of water quality standards. 6.2 Project Approval Process The City's project approval process requires project proponents to incorporate storm water pollution prevention and urban runoff management into their projects during construction activities. The City requires the development of appropriate pollution control plans, including SWPPPs, and construction BMP plans, to comply with the requirements of the Municipal Permit, local ordinances, and other applicable regulations. All new construction projects are required to prepare and submit an appropriate Construction SWPPP in accordance with the Storm Water Standards Manual. For private development projects, the Construction SWPPP is reviewed and approved by Engineering Development Services Division prior to issuance of construction permits. For Capital Improvement Program (CIP) projects. Construction SWPPPs are prepared prior to the notice to proceed. The approved Construction SWPPP must comply with all applicable requirements ofthe State's Construction General Permit. Pollution prevention practices are required at all project sites. In accordance with the City's Storm Water and Grading Ordinances (CMC 15.12 and 15.16), project proponents are required to implement the minimum BMPs year-round. BMPs and other erosion control practices must be implemented as the most important "first line of defense". The project approval process also allows the City to confirm compliance with storm water regulations by requiring the following documentation and verification of appropriate pollution prevention efforts: • Develop and implement a plan to manage storm water and non-stormwater discharges; • Emphasize erosion and sediment controls as the most important measure for keeping sediment onsite; • Select seasonally appropriate and effective BMPs; • Temporarily stabilize and/or re-seed disturbed soil areas as soon as possible; • Permanently re-vegetate or landscape as soon as feasible; and • When applicable, provide evidence of coverage under the Construction General Permit. 6.3 Construction Site Inventory The management ofthe construction site inventories is divided as follows: Private Development 27 The Land Development Engineering and Construction Management and Inspection (CM&I) Division are responsible for updating the watershed based inventory of new grading, building and right-of-way permits in a database at permit issuance including the appropriate construction inspection frequency/priority. The permit tracking database is used to generate inspection requests, update inspection records, record enforcement actions, and follow-up inspection work. The permit tracking database is used in conjunction with Excel spreadsheets to track the following project information: 1. Project status (active, inactive, completed, finaled); 2. Project threat prioritization; 3. Project and grading number; 4. The project start and completion dates; 5. The frequency and number of required and completed inspections by month; 6. The number of weeks active during the rainy and dry season; 7. Waste Discharge Identification (WDID) number (if applicable), size ofthe site; and approximate area of disturbance; 8. The basic site information including project description and location (address, APN, and hydrologic subarea); 9. Relevant contact information for each site (e.g., name, address, phone, and email for the owner and contractor); 10. The date the City accepted or approved the pollution control plan; construction BMP plan, and/or erosion and sediment control plan; and 11. Ongoing enforcement actions administered to the site. The construction permit application for private development (grading, building or right-of-way) includes submittal of a completed Construction Threat Assessment Worksheet for Determination of Threat to Storm Water Quality. For public development projects, the project manager completes the construction threat form to help determine the priority and threat to water quality the project may pose. When determining threat prioritization and associated frequency of inspection, one of three threat priorities is assigned: high; medium, or; low. At a minimum, the following project types will be considered high threat to water quality criteria: 1. Sites located within a hydrologic subarea where sediment is known or suspected to contribute to the highest priority water quality conditions identified in the WQIP; 2. Sites located within the same hydrologic subarea and tributary to a water body segment listed as impaired for sediment on the CWA section 303(d) List; 3. Sites located within, directly adjacent to, or discharging directly to a receiving water within an ESA; 4. Sites greater than an acre that have coverage under the Construction General Permit; 5. All sites located within the City's Priority Focus Areas as identified in the WQIP; and 6. Other sites determined by the City or the San Diego Water Board as a high threat to water quality. Grading Permits and Capital Improvement Program (CIP) Projects CM&I is responsible for updating and maintaining the inventory of all active grading permits and CIP projects from approval to completion. CM&I verifies and updates the inventories on a monthly basis. The database is used to update inspection records, record enforcement actions, and follow-up inspection work. The inventories contain the most current information including when a site was last inspected, the current construction status, changes in priority and rationale, inspection frequency priorities, and other relevant site information. 28 Building Permits The Building Division maintains an inventory of all building permits. The building inspector is responsible for maintaining and documenting of all storm water inspections related to building permits. The inventory and tracking of permitted building sites is maintained in the permit tracking database where inspectors are able to schedule inspections, track information about compliance, issue enforcement actions, and document other relevant information. 6.4 Best Management Practice Requirements The City has established a set of minimum BMPs for all projects. Because all sites, regardless of priority, must be protected to prevent discharges, the minimum BMP requirements are the same for each priority. Each site must be protected by an effective combination of site and seasonally specific erosion and sediment controls, materials and waste management controls, and site management controls. These minimum requirements are included in the Storm Water Standards Manual. In addition, inactive sites must also be fully protected from erosion and discharges of sediment. A site is considered inactive if construction activities cease for a period often or more consecutive days. It is also the project proponent's responsibility at both active and inactive sites to implement a plan to address all potential discharges. SWPPPs and Water Pollution Control Plans are reviewed priorto commencement of construction activities to ensure that the required minimum BMPs will be implemented. The City continues to utilize the pollution prevention measures contained in the Storm Water Best Management Practice Handbooks published by the California Storm Water Quality Association (CASQA), Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks, and Standards for Design & Construction of Public Works Improvements in the City of Carlsbad. All inspectors are trained on construction site BMPs and the appropriate application. The City requires the following minimum BMPs components for all construction sites: 1. Project Planning; 2. Good site management "Housekeeping", including waste management; 3. Non-storm water management; 4. Erosion control; 5. Sediment control; 6. Run-on and Run-off control; and 7. Active/Passive Sediment Treatment Systems, where applicable. Year Round Requirements The following are the minimum BMPs required at all sites throughout the year: • All graded areas must have erosion protection BMPs properly installed; • Adequate perimeter protection BMPs must be installed and maintained; • Adequate sediment control BMPs must be installed and maintained; • Adequate BMPs to control offsite sediment tracking must be installed and maintained; • A minimum of 125% of the material needed to install standby BMPs to protect the exposed areas from erosion and prevent sediment discharges, must be stored onsite. Areas already protected from erosion using physical stabilization or established vegetation stabilization BMPs are not considered to be "exposed" for purposes of this requirement; 29 The project proponent must have an approved "weather triggered" action plan and be able to deploy standby BMPs to completely protect the exposed portions of the site within 48 hours of a predicted storm event (a predicted storm event is defined as a forecasted, 40% chance of rain by 5-day National Weather Service). On request, the project proponent or the City's contractor must provide proof of this capability that is acceptable to the City; Deployment of physical or vegetation erosion control BMPs must commence as soon as slopes are completed. The project proponent may not continue to rely on the ability to deploy standby BMP materials to prevent erosion of slopes that have been completed; The area that can be cleared, graded, and left exposed at one time is limited to the amount of acreage that the contractor can adequately protect prior to a predicted rain event. For larger sites grading should be phased. It may be necessary to deploy erosion and sediment control BMPs in areas that are not completed, but are not actively being worked before additional grading is completed. All exposed disturbed areas must have erosion protection BMPs properly installed. This includes all building pads, unfinished roads, and slopes; Perimeter protection and sediment control BMPs will be upgraded, if necessary, to provide sufficient protection from runoff during the rainy season; Deployment of erosion control BMPs will commence as soon as slopes are completed for any portion ofthe site. Erosion control BMPs will be installed and maintained for all completed slopes priorto October 1; All disturbed areas that are not completed and/or not being actively graded must be fully protected from erosion if left for 10 or more days. The ability to install BMP materials in a prompt manner is NOT sufficient; BMPs need to be installed for these areas; BMPs must be stockpiled at various locations throughout the project site forthe duration ofthe rainy season. Whenever there is a 40% chance or greater of a rain within a five (5) day forecast, the inspectorwill verify that BMPs are adequately stockpiled. BMPs must be ready for deployment when there is 50% chance of a rain event within a 72 hour forecast. Failure to comply with this requirement could result in the issuance of a Stop Work Notice or other enforcement action; When a Rain Event Action Plan is required it must be prepared and completed in accordance with the Construction General Permit. The plan shall include, in detail, any and all actions to be taken in advance (50% chance or greater) of a rain event in the five (5) day forecast by the National Weather Service. A copy of each updated action plan shall be placed in the project SWPPP and be available for review by the city inspector; All treatment and erosion control BMPs must be inspected weekly and prior to a forecasted rain event of greater than 50%. In addition, treatment control BMPs must be inspected and/or serviced priorto October 1; Inspections at sites covered under the CGP shall be conducted by the QSD/QSP or designee prior to a forecasted event, during and after a rain event, at least bi-weekly during the rainy season, and as necessary to ensure site compliance; All construction employees must be trained on the importance of storm water pollution prevention and BMP maintenance prior to the rainy season; All construction and grading projects are required to emphasize erosion prevention as the most important measure for keeping sediment on-site during construction. Sediment controls are to be used as a supplement to erosion prevention never as the single or primary method. 30 6.5 Construction Site Inspections The City inspects all active construction projects including private development and CIP projects. CM&I inspectors are responsible for grading, infrastructure, CIP, right-of-way, and engineering projects, while Building Inspectors are responsible for all building projects. All inspectors are responsible for ensuring construction activities are performed in accordance with the City Standards, building and grading permits, and all applicable codes, regulations and ordinances. Inspections are electronically documented and placed in the project files. In addition, the City regularly verifies the projects threat priority and status throughout the active construction phase. Inspection Frequency The inspection frequencies for determining compliance with the City's requirements are based upon the threat to water quality prioritization (Table 6-1). Inspection frequencies will be periodically reevaluated, particularly when grading activities occur during the rainy season. The need for additional inspections may vary depending upon several factors including: site conditions; previous violations; history of developer or contractor past performance; grading during rainy season; and weather patterns. WQIP Focus Areas Based on the City's identification of WQIP Focus Areas, the inspection frequency will be different in these areas vs. non Focus Areas. The table below reflects the inspection frequencies for the various project categories. Table 6-1: Inspection Frequency Based on Threat Prioritization Threat Priority Minimum Inspe ctions Required Minimum Minimum Minimum Threat Priority a M 3 <^ a. 9 Nov Dec c (0 01 u- a s h. Q. «^ > a c 3 Wet Season Inspections Dry Season Inspections Required Inspections High** 2 2 2 4 4 4 4 4 4 4 2 2 28 10 38 High 1 1 1 2 2 2 2 2 2 2 1 1 14 5 19 Medium** 1 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 11 5 16 Medium 1 0 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 6 3 9 Low 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 0 0 1 2 2 4 **Projects located within a WQIP Focus Area If inspected sites do not comply with the City's requirements, inspectors immediately direct compliance and conduct follow-up inspections to assure compliance. Enforcement procedures are used when necessary and may include verbal or written warnings, stop work orders, revocation of permits, and/or legal action. Please see the City's Enforcement Response Plan for more information about escalated enforcement actions. Inspection Content The City's inspection content and procedures include the following: • Assessment of BMP adequacy and effectiveness including implementation of an effective combination of erosion, sediment, and non-stormwater BMPs to meet the minimum water quality protection requirements and prevent the discharge of pollutants into storm water and receiving waters; 31 • Checking for coverage under the Construction General Permit (WDID No.) during initial inspection. The City will continue to work with RWQCB staff to ensure compliance at these sites; • Assurance of compliance with applicable ordinances, permits and other site-specific requirements; • Visual observations of actual or potential non-stormwater discharges, potential illicit connections, and/or potential discharge of sediment, pollutants or other construction related materials in storm water runoff; • Documentation of violations and escalation of appropriate enforcement actions, when required; • Review of proper implementation of plans and specifications; and • Education and outreach on storm water pollution prevention as needed. Inspection Tracking and Records The City tracks inspections and re-inspections of all inventoried construction sites, including those covered by building permits. City inspectors will continue to use the NPDES Inspection Report to verify BMP compliance and effectiveness. The results of each inspection are entered in the construction site inventory database. The inspection form/record documents BMP compliance, clarifies required corrective actions, tracks the numbers and types of violations, and identifies any necessary escalated enforcement actions. The NPDES Inspection Report covers all administrative requirements including inspection and evaluation of SWPPPs, wall maps, basins, materials and waste management, temporary BMPs, slope protection, and site conditions and interactions. A copy of the inspection report can be provided directly to the site representative upon completion of an inspection. Inspection reports and data tracking includes the following: 1. Site name, location (address and hydrologic subarea), and WDID number (if applicable); 2. Inspection date and time; 3. Project No. and Permit No.; 4. Type of Inspection (follow-up, compliance, pre-event, complaint, etc.); 5. Approximate amount of rainfall since last inspection and percentage of rain expected; 6. BMP implementation and compliance activity which includes descriptions of problems observed with BMPs, CMC violations, indication of need for addition/repair/replacement of BMPs, any scheduled re-inspection, and date of re-inspection; 7. Descriptions of any other specific inspection comments, including rationales for longer compliance time, changes in status or priority, and other notable information; 8. Description of enforcement actions issued in accordance with the Enforcement Response Plan; and 9. Resolution of problems noted and date problems fixed. 6.6 Corrective Actions and Enforcement The enforcement measures and remedies are available to the City for grading and construction related activities are described in the City's Enforcement Response Plan - see Section 9. 32 7 Existing Development 7.1 Introduction This section describes the responsibilities of the City with respect to implementation of the Existing Development Component of the JRMP including commercial, industrial, municipal, and residential facilities and areas. This program section is intended to reduce existing development discharges of non- storm water and pollutants from the MS4 to the MEP. 7.2 Inventory and Tracking City Storm Water Staff maintain a watershed-based inventory of all industrial facilities and commercial sites/sources within the City's jurisdiction. A copy ofthe current commercial and industrial inventory is available upon request. Basic inventory information includes: Facility name Contact information Location information (address and watershed) Identification of business type (stationary or mobile) Industrial General Permit NOI and/or WDID number, if applicable Identification of pollutants generated and potentially generated by the facility or area Whether facility is adjacent to an ESA Whether the facility or area is tributary to and within the same hydrologic subarea as a water body segment listed as impaired on the CWA section 303(d) list and if the facility or area generates pollutants for which the water body segment is impaired for. The City's commercial and industrial inventory includes commercial areas, commercial facilities, and industrial facilities. Commercial areas include areas where commercial activities occur. Commercial facilities include for example, repair shops, restaurants, and various types of wholesalers. Industrial facilities include facilities such as manufacturing and hazardous waste treatment. Mobile businesses include businesses such as power washers, auto detailers, landscapers, and contractors. At a minimum, the commercial and industrial inventory is updated annually through reviewing business license records for new businesses, performing routine inspections, and responding to reported incidents. The following are the categories within the existing development inventory: 1. Commercial facilities or areas All commercial use areas, properties, parcels and facilities will be represented in the existing development inventory. They may be grouped together as commercial management areas or inventoried as individual businesses or parcels. The inventory consists of: a. Commercial Areas, Shopping Center or. Commercial Zone or b. Commercial Facility (Individual Business or Parcel) 2. Industrial facilities Industrial facilities will be inventoried and inspected as individual industrial entities. Inventoried Industrial facilities will include all facilities enrolled in the Industrial General Permit and those facilities that report to the City and are confirmed to conduct activities onsite consistent with the industrial SIC and/or NAICS codes (listed in Attachment A ofthe Industrial General Permit). 3. Municipal Facilities 4. Residential Management Areas 33 Residential Management Areas (RMAs), are geographic designations that constitute the residential inventory and delineate the inspection areas. The RMAs within the City of Carlsbad were created using GIS information such as General Plan land use. Home Owner Association, drainage basin and neighborhood delineations. Geographic size, private gated communities and other information were also taken into consideration. The City maintains an existing development map (Appendix B) that identifies locations of: • commercial and industrial facilities; • commercial areas; • residential management areas; • municipal facilities; • watershed boundaries; and • water bodies. The City's inventory of existing development will include the following information, as applicable, and any additional information necessary to effectively implement this existing development program: 1. Name; 2. Location; 3. Classification as commercial, industrial, municipal, or residential; 4. Status of facility or area as active or inactive; 5. Identification if a business is a mobile business; 6. SIC Code or NAICS Code, if applicable; 7. Industrial General Permit NOI and/or WDID number, if applicable; 8. Identification if a residential area is or includes a Common Interest Area / Home Owner Association, or mobile home park; 9. Identification of pollutants generated and potentially generated by the facility or area; 10. Whether the facility or area is adjacent to an ESA; 11. Whether the facility or area is tributary to and within the same hydrologic subarea as a water body segment listed as impaired on the CWA section 303(d) List and generates pollutants for which the water body segment is impaired 12. Presence of Common Interest Area or Home Owner Association; and Potential/actual pollutants generated. 7.3 Best Management Practices Requirements Existing development facilities and areas produce a range of pollutants that can threaten human and environmental health if washed into the storm drain system by storm water runoff. The City of Carlsbad requires all existing development facilities and areas to ensure proper implementation, operation and maintenance of required BMPs. The City also requires the use of pollution prevention methods to address the HPWQC (indicator bacteria) and strategies in the WQIP(s). Facilities that utilize pesticides, herbicides, and/or fertilizers are required to implement BMPs to address application, storage, and disposal. Improper use, handling, or storage of pesticides, herbicides, and fertilizers may allow these chemicals to come into contact with receiving waters via storm water or urban runoff. 34 Described below is a summary of minimum BMPs required to be implemented for commercial, industrial, municipal and residential facilities and areas throughout the City: Commercial and Industrial Facilities/Areas Good housekeeping Preventative maintenance Material storage, handling and application Employee training Solid waste (non-hazardous) handling and recycling Spill response Record keeping Self-inspection/quality assurance Municipal Facilities/Areas • Employee training • Pollution prevention • Good housekeeping • Spill response and prevention Residential Areas Move or cover potential pollution sources from storm water contact Use dry cleanup methods Residential car washing Pet waste cleanup methods Trash management Recycle, reduce and reuse Reduce the use of landscape chemicals 7.4 Program Implementation 7.4.1 Inspections The City of Carlsbad implements a hybrid inspection program that includes patrolling and complete inspections throughout its jurisdiction. The City's Storm Water Staff utilize patrols to monitor and inspect commercial areas and residential areas for storm water violations per the City's ordinances. Patrolling inspections are an effective and efficient method to enforce compliance with the storm water ordinances, discover and abate hotspots and trouble areas, and educate business owners, property managers, and residents regarding the City's storm water requirements. In addition, the patrol methodology allows for a more efficient visual observation of the City and incorporates multiple components of the JRMP, e.g., IDDE, existing development, construction and TCBMP inspections as applicable. Inspections of residential areas constitute a new element to the management and enforcement of residential pollutant sources. Visual inspections of RMAs identify the presence of actual and potential illegal discharges, and actual or potential illicit connections. Assessment of compliance and BMP implementation will also occur. If any problems or violations are noted or observed, the inspector would follow the Enforcement Response Plan. 35 1. Inspection Types: a. Patrol Inspection - Patrol inspections may be either onsite or drive-by. They focus on publicly accessible, high-risk outdoor areas and activities of commercial areas and facilities including: Trash dumpsters, grease bins and general housekeeping BMPs, Irrigation systems and irrigations runoff; outdoor work areas; washing activities; sediment and erosion control; and non-storm water discharges to the MS4. During Patrol Inspections, only observed issues and/or violations are documented. b. Facility Inspection - An on-site inspection in which a City employee or contractor conducts a complete site assessment of a commercial or industrial facility and records all required information regardless of whether issues are observed. c. Follow-up Inspection- City staff verifies that required corrective actions are completed and/or violation is no longer occurring. An entire site evaluation may not be completed during follow-up inspections. Follow-up inspections may be conducted as a drive-by or onsite. Periodically, inventoried Commercial and industrial facilities are selected for an inspection and/or review. Throughout the year, the City conducts scheduled, unscheduled and follow-up site inspections. During site inspections City staff: • Assess BMP implementation, maintenance and effectiveness. • Review BMP implementation plans, if applicable. • Check for coverage under the IGP (Notice of Intent, No Exposure Certification, and/or Waste Discharge Identification Number), if applicable. • Assess compliance with Copermittee ordinances and permits related to storm water runoff. • Conduct visual observations for non-storm water discharges, potential illicit connections, and potential discharge of pollutants in storm water runoff. • Review facility monitoring data, if applicable. 7.4.2 Inspection Frequency At a minimum. City staff conduct patrol inspections or facility inspections at each existing development facility or area once in five years. More frequent inspections are based on the potential for a facility or area to discharge non-storm water and pollutants. Additionally, inspection frequency is based on the facility's potential to discharge pollutants associated with the highest priority water quality condition as defined by the WQIPs. Annually, the City will inspect at least 20% ofthe existing development inventory. Follow-up Inspections City staff conducts follow-up inspections to determine if corrective actions have occurred in accordance with City ordinances and minimum BMP requirements. Escalating enforcement steps, providing flexibility for the City staff to establish appropriate compliance periods on a case-by-case basis, will be used to ensure compliance. Follow-up and enforcement actions are documented in the inspection tracking system. 36 7.4.3 Inspection Tracking and Records City staff track and record all inspections and follow-up inspections at all locations in the existing development inventory. This information is retained in a database. The information and data gathered as part ofthe inspections includes, but is not limited to: • Name and location of the facility (address and hydrologic subarea) consistent with inventory name and location • Inspection and re-inspection date(s) • Inspection method(s) (drive-by or onsite) • Observations and findings from the inspection(s) • Descriptions of any problems or violations found during the inspection • Description of enforcement actions issued in accordance with the City's Enforcement Response Plan • The date that problems or violations were resolved 7.4.4 Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System Program The City's Public Works Department is responsible for the routine and emergency maintenance of the City's MS4. The Storm Drain Maintenance Division (SDMD) and or their contractors will inspect and clean the following types of facilities: catch basins, curb inlets, under sidewalk drains, channels, and detention/desalination basins. The City will implement the following schedule for inspection and cleaning of MS4: • Once a year the City will inspect all MS4 facilities that receive or collect high volumes and trash between May 1st and September 30th of each year. All remaining MS4 facilities will be inspected at any time during the calendar year. Inspections are conducted to ensure that: o BMPs are properly implemented and functioning effectively. o Identify necessary maintenance (material removal is needed) and repair needs. o Ensure proper implementation of JRMP requirements. • Any catch basin or storm inlet that has accumulated trash and debris greater than 33% of the design capacity (holding area) will be cleaned in a timely manner. Any MS4 facility/structure that is designed to be self-cleaning will be cleaned of any accumulated trash and debris immediately upon inspection. Open channels shall be cleaned of all observed anthropogenic trash and litter in a timely manner. When practical, work is to be done when conditions are dry. The SDMD will vacuum water runoff to remove any silt buildup from MS4 activity maintenance. Acceptable vacuums, wet and dry shop vacuum, or large Hydro flusher vacuum machines are used for the operations. Sediment control BMPs will be implemented to prevent materials from discharging downstream ofthe sites cleaning activities. During rain events Public Works staff from Public Works - Streets Division will be out from beginning of rainfall to clear debris from inlets, grates, pipe openings, and road shoulders also to remove debris from roadways prior to entering the conveyance system. Also to provide emergency erosion/sediment control as needed. And to provide other City Departments with needed assistance with their multiple requests. Survey City streets for damage due to rain and or flooding, and monitor drainage throughout the City. 37 h 7.4.5 Existing Flood Control Devices The City's inventory of existing flood control devices will be reviewed updated and Incorporated into the City's GIS system annually. If additional pollutant removal and urban runoff is possible and feasible, permanent pollution removal measures would be incorporated in future retrofit projects. 7.4.6 street Sweeping Program Street sweeping is widely recognized as an effective BMP for reducing the amount of pollutants, litter, green waste, grease and sediments, on streets and parking lots that would impact stormwater quality. The City contracts out street sweeping service and currently sweeps approximately 1,700 miles monthly. The City has developed a frequency for street sweeping based on historic sweeping volumes collected and traffic loadings. The street network is stratified into high, moderate and low volume generating areas which is used to classify the streets with relation to each other, not to qualify the streets as generating significant or non-significant amounts of trash and debris. The following is a breakdown of the street sweeping categories: 1. High volume (arterials, majors and primes) 4 times per month. 2. Moderate volume (residential and local streets) 2 times per month. 3. Low volume (parking lots and seawall) 2 times per month. 7.4.7 Litter Removal The City removes anthropogenic trash from arterial, major and prime streets on a daily basis. The City also removes bulky items and other anthropogenic trash as needed in other locations. This facilitates removing all litter and debris prior to reaching the MS4 conveyance system and getting into receiving waters. 7.4.8 Pressure Washing The City cleans all high-volume foot traffic areas of dirt, sediments, gum and other food related substances on a daily basis. As a part of this process, the City captures all the water and places it into the sanitary sewer system. Other as-needed locations are cleaned throughout the year to prevent the pollutants from reaching the receiving waters. 7.4.9 Application of Pesticides, Herbicides, and Fertilizers The Federal Pesticide, Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act and California Title 3, Division 6, Pesticides and Pest Control Operations place strict controls over pesticide application and handling and specify training, annual refresher, and testing requirements. The regulations cover a list of approved pesticides and selected uses, updated regularly; general application information; equipment use and maintenance procedures; and record keeping. The California Department of Pesticide Regulations and the County Agricultural Commission coordinate and maintain the licensing and certification programs. These certifications require the implementation of Integrated Pest Management (IPM) practices during maintenance activities. All City staff who apply pesticides and herbicides in "agricultural use" areas such as parks, golf courses, rights-of-way and recreation areas are certified in accordance with state regulations. All certifications are kept on file at the City's Parks Department. Contracts for landscape maintenance include similar requirements. All employees that handle or apply pesticides are trained on and responsible for understanding and implementing safety precautions in current Materials Safety Data Sheet (MSDS). City staff implements BMPs for: IPM practices including; minimizing use; caution when handling any hazardous product; reading and following use instructions, completely using the product prior to marking as waste, and hazardous waste storage and proper disposal. 38 BMPs for pesticide, herbicide and fertilizer management are implemented at all municipal facilities, public rights-of-ways, parks, recreational facilities, and other landscaped areas. 7.4.10 Sanitary Sewer Systems The City provides wastewater collection, transmission and some treatment for its residential, commercial, and industrial users. The average daily wastewater flow for the City is approximately 7.3 million gallons per day (mgd). 7.4.10.1 Source Characterization In general, the wastewater system is an underground utility system that is a conveyance system for polluted waters. The system includes a network of approximately 265 miles of pipeline which range in size from 6-inch to 42-inch in diameter and approximately 6,300 manholes. The system also includes 14 pump stations, a water reclamation facility (operated under a separate permit by Encina Wastewater Authority), and several metering stations that conveys wastewater (along with other jurisdictions' wastewater) to the 35 mgd Encina Wastewater Treatment Plant located in Carlsbad. 7.4.10.2 Best Management Practice Requirements Prevention or response based BMPs will be implemented to reduce or eliminate the potential for wastewater system failures, infiltration, or emergencies. The following is a summary ofthe prevention and response efforts that will be implemented for the wastewater operations. Sewer System Overflow Response The Maintenance and Operations (M&O) Division conducts Sewer System Overflow Response under varying emergency conditions. The primary function of the responses is to prevent human and environmental impacts from sanitary sewer spills. The Sewer System Overflow Response Plan (SSORP) details all ofthe procedures that are implemented during any type of sanitary sewer overflow and includes procedures for response, clean-up and reporting. System Cleaning A primary function of the Wastewater Division is to perform sanitary sewer collection system cleaning. As a part of the cleaning efforts, the division uses jet-rodding equipment and vactor trucks to collect the cleanings. Video Inspection Another primary function ofthe Wastewater Division is to perform video inspections ofthe sanitary sewer collection systems to identify potential problems and to prioritize the City's maintenance and rehabilitation program. These video inspections are currently performed on an as-needed basis. The City began a comprehensive system-wide video inspection program in Fiscal Year 2008-09. Utility Crew Work Another primary function of the Wastewater Division is to perform general utility work, including maintenance and modifications to sanitary sewer manholes, and point repairs in the sanitary sewer collection system. 7.4.11 Special Events Periodically the City is host to special events, both directly as City functions, and indirectly, permitted to special event organizers. Examples of these special events are: 39 • Street Festivals • Marathons • Taste of Carlsbad • Art Splash 7.4.11.1 Source Characterization Typically, special events have a high density use of people per square foot raising the potential for pollutant generation. The pollutant generating activities and their potential pollutant types at special events typically include: • Setup and teardown of equipment booths- illicit discharges and trash generation • Booth operation - trash generation • Food/drink preparation and consumption - illicit discharges, trash generation, and organic materials • Hydraulic rides-oil and grease • Temporary Portable Restrooms - chemicals and bacteria • Hydration stations - water cups and other trash items 7.4.11.2 Best Management Practices The following standard Best Management Practices represent the minimum requirements for a variety of special events that could take place in the City. The City may improve or modify these BMPs at any time if it is determined to provide equal or greater protection. It is imperative that Event Organizers train event staff in storm water pollution prevention activities at the event venue and to notify all vendors of their storm water pollution prevention responsibilities. All Event Organizers shall select an effective combination of Storm Water Best Management Practices (BMPs) to prevent trash or other pollutants from entering the storm drain system - BMPs to select from include: Food and beverage, and all chemical and liquid activities or products: Event Hosts/Organizers and vendors must have spill kits in or adjacent to their work area. Spill kits include: paper towels, cloth towels, kitty litter and/or sand. All spill materials must be picked up out of the public right of way once the spilled material is absorbed off the ground. Spills leaving the event venue area into the surrounding streets must be captured and prevented from enteringthe surrounding non-event area(s) and storm drains. Storm Drain Protection: • Event Hosts/Organizers must protect all storm drains identified on their site plans. If no rain is projected, consider placing fabric filters or approved inlet protection device over the drain opening. The use of fabrics and other types of inlet protection devices will require gravel bags or other form of anchor to keep them in place during the event. The gravel bags must be clean and free of sediment. • If a 40% (5-day National Weather Service) chance or greater of rain is forecasted, gravel bags protecting the storm drain perimeter or other approved inlet protection devices are sufficient, however must be removed in the event of rain to prevent flooding. 40 • All impacted catch basins identified on the special events storm water pollution prevention plan must be visually inspected and cleaned, if necessary, following the special event and prior to an anticipated rain event (40% from 5-day National Weather Service). Craft/Art Creative Areas and Post Event Public Art Removal: • All craft/art creative areas must have spill kits on hand (see above). • Post event clean-up of these areas includes removal of temporary public art (chalk, paint, charcoal, clay, etc.). Event/vendor staff must use wet-mops. Any water in a bucket must be either poured into the sanitary sewer via for example a sink, or released over a landscaped area that has adequate capacity to contain the liquids and the pollutant without allowing discharge onto sidewalks, curbs, gutters streets and storm drains. Trash and Debris: • Adequate trash and recycling containers must be provided throughout the event venue, including at the exit and entry points. All trash containers must be covered. Regular collection of loose trash and debris is required. • All trash and /or recycling collection areas should have spill kits and wet mop(s) and brooms available and staff trained in spill clean-up methods. • Temporary Fencing will be required to be put into place if the event, or any portion thereof, is determined to pose a threat of wind-blown debris into any water bodies. • Post event sweeping of the entire venue area and related staging areas may be required, where necessary. Temporary portable restrooms: • All temporary portable restrooms will be placed away from all storm drain inlets, drainage swales, water bodies, and any other locations that have the potential to impact the storm drain system. • All temporary portable restrooms are required to have a secondary containment pan or additional BMPs in place around the stations for possible overflows. • The contact information for the company responsible for the restrooms clearly marked on or around the restrooms. 7.4.11.3 Program Implementation Event Organizers must complete a permit application which includes developing a site plan that shows the limits ofthe special event and identifies all ofthe drain inlets (and other entry ways to the storm drain system). This application will be reviewed and approved by the City priorto permit issuance. Site conditions and post-event conditions will be inspected by City staff. In the event that the Special Event organizer fails to adequately clean the venue, the City will clean the site and seek retribution for costs through enforcement actions. 7.4.12 Household Hazardous Waste Collection Services The City has successfully implemented a Household Hazardous Waste (HHW) program and continues to promote used oil recycling for all residents. The City will continue to implement the HHW Door-to-Door pick up program approved and adopted by the Carlsbad City Council in FY 05-06. The Door-to-Door collection program is contracted and offers residents a toll-free phone number to call for a disposal appointment. The program provides a means for Carlsbad residents to have HHW picked up from their 41 homes and hauled away for a nominal fee. The maximum weight allowable is 15 gallons or 125 pounds. Appointments are typically made a week from the collection date. In addition, residents can also dispose of HHW for free at two permanent facilities in Vista and Oceanside. In addition, the City of Carlsbad will continue to sponsor a free annual HHW disposal day where Carlsbad residents can dispose of up to 15 gallons or 125 pounds of HHW materials. During the event, residents will be able to dispose of HHW and receive information about other, available environmental programs, including storm water, bulky item pick up, used oil recycling, water conservation, and trash collection. The City will continue to endorse a used oil-recycling program to ensure residents have access to facilities to recycle used oil in their community. The City will continue to promote the used oil collection program through various outreach and education efforts and the web site. 7.5 Enforcement If the City determines that an existing development facility or area is out of compliance with requirements, the violation and the corrective actions necessary to bring the site into compliance are documented. Corrective actions include a compliance date at which the City inspector or investigator determines that the site needs to be in compliance. A follow-up inspection is performed to determine compliance. If compliance has not been achieved by the follow-up inspection, increased enforcement actions may be implemented. For further details regarding the City's enforcement procedures see Section 9, Enforcement Response Plan. 42 8 Retrofitting and Rehabilitation in Areas of Existing Development 8.1 Introduction The City will be developing a retrofit and rehabilitation program that identifies opportunities to implement retrofits and stream, channel and/or habitat rehabilitation within areas of existing development. The intent ofthe City's program is to encourage the construction of retrofit or rehabilitation projects in areas of existing development where controls do not exist or are ineffective. Construction of retrofit and rehabilitation projects in areas of existing development are expected to improve the discharges from the City's MS4. 8.2 Identifying Candidate Retrofits and Rehabilitation Projects The City will develop and maintain a list of candidate retrofits and rehabilitation projects using a system of identification and field verification. Identification will be conducted using desktop analyses to identify key areas in the City where it is expected that retrofits and rehabilitation projects will have effective and efficient benefits. Field confirmations will be used for final verification that the identified retrofits and rehabilitation projects are appropriate applications of BMPs and controls both in type and location. The process for identifying projects will evaluate the following considerations: • Water Quality Improvement Plan (WQIP) Priority and Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions • Likely sources of pollutants generating pollutants related to WQIP conditions • Focus areas identified in WQIP • Vintage of geographic areas of the City - time period when existing development was constructed • Areas of persistent discharges • Inspection/Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination program findings • Identified areas of hydromodification or other stream impacts Using the considerations above, the City will identify areas where opportunities could provide water quality improvement benefits. Evaluation will include layering of the findings to determine where compounding factors overlap. The City will consider the locations where overlapping occurs and significance ofthe factors to prioritize areas suited for retrofits and rehabilitation projects. Once specific areas within the City have been identified and prioritized for retrofits and/or rehabilitation projects, the City will perform field verifications on an as-needed basis to substantiate the: • locations of potential retrofits or rehabilitation projects • appropriate type(s) of retrofit or rehabilitation project • appropriate responsible party to implement the retrofits or rehabilitation projects 8.2.1 Retrofit Types The type of retrofit recommended for a specific area will depend on the site conditions and consider the desktop analyses conducted during the initial candidate evaluations. Types of retrofits range from large storage systems to on-site applications of source control and treatment. The types of retrofits the City will consider when evaluating applicability may include: • Modifications to existing basins (flood control or treatment basins) • Installing inline filtration (e.g., inlet, vaults) 43 Disconnecting impervious surfaces (e.g., roof drainage from conveyance system) Creating buffer areas around irrigated systems Creating storage in areas adjacent to conveyance systems (e.g., culverts, outfalls) Installing source control systems, e.g., covering pollutant generating activity areas (e.g., trash enclosures, material storage) Creating storage within the conveyance system Installing bioretention systems Converting impervious surfaces to pervious Upgrading irrigation systems to low-flow or direct systems Installing green roofs Installation of green streets Installation of additional covered trash receptacles in key areas Stabilization of erodible areas Geographic areas identified and prioritized for retrofits as well as site specific retrofit candidates will be maintained by the City and available to the various departments that may require or use the list for implementation of retrofits. 8.2.2 Rehabilitation Types The type of rehabilitation recommended for a specific area will depend on the site conditions and consider the desktop analyses conducted during the initial candidate evaluations. Types of rehabilitation projects range from in-channel improvements to habitat improvements. The types of rehabilitation projects the City will consider when evaluating applicability may include: • Stream/channel modifications o Hard bank stabilization o Soft bank stabilization o Grade controls o Flow deflection/diversion o Habitat enhancement • Habitat restoration • Wetland restoration Geographic areas identified and prioritized for rehabilitation projects as well as site specific rehabilitation project candidates will be maintained by the City and available to the various departments that may require or use the list for implementation. 8.3 Implementing Candidate Retrofits and Rehabilitation Projects Facilitating the construction of retrofits and rehabilitation projects is a multi-pronged long-term process. The City will continue to develop this aspect of the program and provide appropriate updates. Mechanisms to fund retrofits and rehabilitation projects may include: Grants from other public agencies and/or private organizations Development impact fees Developer implementing offsite alternative compliance (if applicable) City funding Private property owners 44 9 Enforcement Response Plan 9.1 Introduction The City implements an Enforcement Response Plan as part of its jurisdictional runoff management program. The Enforcement Response Plan describes the applicable approaches and options to enforce the City's legal authority to achieve compliance with the requirements ofthe Permit. The City enforces its Municipal Code throughout its jurisdiction and implements escalating enforcement responses to compel compliance with statutes, ordinances, permits, contracts, orders, and other requirements forthe IDDE, development planning, construction management, and existing development components of the JRMP. A storm water enforcement action will typically occur as a result of an inspection or in response to a reported incident by the public or City staff. 9.2 Enforcement Mechanisms The City typically employs a tiered, increasing enforcement system. However, the City reserves the right to apply stricter initial enforcement measures where significant non-compliance is noted or when a potential rain event increases the potential for the violation to have a negative impact on water quality. The various increasing administrative and judicial enforcement measures, as prescribed by the City's Municipal Code, are discussed below. 9.2.1 Administrative Enforcement Mechanisms Verbal and Written Warnings Warnings are used as an initial method of requesting corrective action and enforcing compliance. City staff notifies the violator, verbally or in writing, and may establish a specific time frame for correcting the problem. Notice of Violation If the violation noted in a warning is not corrected by the scheduled follow-up date, or the severity of the violation is such that a warning is not strong enough, a notice of violation (NOV) would be issued. The NOV describes the infraction that is to be corrected, and provides a time frame and date for corrective actions. Associated follow-up inspections are conducted to ensure compliance. A copy ofthe notice will be provided in person or via certified mail, to the violator. The City inspector or investigator will document the violation and date of resolution. Enforcement of Contracts (For Municipal Projects Only) Construction contracts include the City's authority to refuse payment, stop work (without time penalties) or revoke contracts, if contractors performing the construction activities do not comply with appropriate permits, laws, regulations and ordinances. Stop Work Orders (Construction Activities) If an NOV has not been addressed by the follow-up inspection, the contractor has not complied with permit requirements, or a significant threat to water quality is observed (such as a failure of BMPs resulting in a significant release of sediment or other pollutants), a stop work order may be issued by the appropriate City official. Stop work orders prohibit further construction activity until the violation is resolved and provide a time frame for correcting the problem. The stop work order describes the infraction and specifies what corrective action must be taken. To restart work once a stop work order has been issued, the contractor's project supervisor must request that the City re-inspect the project and 45 verify that the deficiencies have been satisfactorily corrected. If the City is satisfied with the corrections, work may proceed. The stop work order and other related information is documented in the inspection inventory. Denial or Revocation of Permits In severe cases of non-compliance or significant discharges related to development or construction projects, the City may decide to revoke the building or grading permits or deny future permits. The project proponents would have to re-apply for permits and meet any requirements that the City may place on the project. Denial or Revocation of Business License In severe cases of non-compliance or significant discharges related to businesses, it may be appropriate to revoke a business' license. If revocation occurs, the facility owner would need to re-apply for a business license and meet all applicable City requirements. 9.2.2 Judicial Enforcement Mechanisms Civil and Criminal Court Actions and Penalties The City may use Civil and or Criminal court actions under the State Porter Cologne Water Quality Act, the Federal Clean Water Act, and/or the City's municipal code to enforce requirements. The approach may result in significant fines for the violator. Any violation of the Carlsbad Municipal Code Section 15.12 (Storm Water Management and Discharge Control) can result in monetary fines. The following factors are considered when the City determines the amount of civil and criminal penalties: • Seriousness of the violation • Duration of the violation • Frequency or recurrence of the violation • History of the violation • Violator's conduct after issuance of the Notice and Order • Violator's good faith efforts to comply • Impact of the violation upon the community 9.2.3 Escalated Enforcement Escalated Enforcement is considered to be major enforcement actions taken by the City to correct a significant threat to water quality or discharge that has occurred. Threats are generally corrected through the tiered increasing enforcement actions applied by the City. However, if the threat to water quality is not addressed in a timely manner - Escalated Enforcement would be implemented by the City. If a significant discharge has occurred and penalties need to be considered and assessed, the City considers these penalties to be Escalated Enforcement. Escalated Enforcement actions for construction sites include: • Notice of Violation • Administrative Citations • Civil and Criminal Court Actions and Penalties 46 Escalated Enforcement actions for existing development include any enforcement that is Notice of Violation or higher and is at least the second enforcement action for the same violation and responsible party. Enforcement typically progresses in the following order: 1. Education and Outreach 2. Warning (Oral or Written) 3. Notice of Violation 4. Administrative Citation Warning 5. Administrative Citation Education and Outreach and Warnings can be omitted or bypassed if the enforcement official deems it necessary to initiate enforcement at a higher level. The enforcement official may use additional mechanisms to eliminate the violation and/or threat to water quality, if necessary. These actions are not required to progress in any order, are also considered escalated enforcement actions, and include the following: 1. Other Administrative code enforcement powers and procedures a. Cease and Desist Orders b. Notice to Clean, Test and/or abate c. Stop Work Order d. Permit or License Suspension, Denial or Revocation e. Civil Penalties 2. Judicial Enforcement a. Criminal Penalties b. Injunction/Abatement of Public Nuisance c. Other Civil Action Escalated Enforcement is implemented through each of the individual Enforcement Response Plan components. Should the City determine that Escalated Enforcement is not required for any violation; the rationale would be properly documented in the City's tracking system. Violations are documented in the Enforcement Response Plan excel database. Documentation includes the violation type, when it was identified and compliance achievement date. In general, the City's approach to enforcement is to use an iterative process. Upon issuing any level of enforcement, if the violator does not take appropriate corrective actions in a timely manner, the City would increase enforcement actions. The City, on a case by case basis, may forgo lower tier enforcement and increase to higher level of enforcement. Generally, this is based on severity of the issue, past violations by violator/responsible party or other factors. 9.3 Enforcement Response Plan Components 9.3.1 Illicit Discharge Detection Elimination The City enforces its ordinances and orders to prevent illegal connections and illicit discharges to its MS4. Enforcement mechanisms are implemented on an increasing scale to ensure compliance is achieved. The typical process for implementing necessary actions involves an administrative abatement procedure in the form of a notice of violation with corrective actions. The City requires the violator to conduct activities necessary to eliminate the illicit discharge at his or her own expense. The activities necessary 47 are directed by City staff and are described on the notice. A deadline for correcting the infraction with the required activities is provided by City staff. If the violator does not meet compliance by the deadline, the City may conduct the necessary corrective actions and charge the resulting costs to the violator. 9.3.2 Development Planning The City will use a variety of enforcement methods to ensure storm water requirements are implemented for all development projects within the City's jurisdiction. Enforcement methods include verbal and written warnings, monetary penalties, stop work orders, and denial of permits or occupancy. Construction inspectors review the projects for compliance with the water quality requirements for the project and the storm water ordinances. For CIPs that are Priority Development Projects, enforcement may include withholding operational acceptance or notification of completion until post-construction BMPs are properly installed. Building inspectors inspect the installation of BMPs that are associated with private development and that require a demolition or building permit. For Priority Development Projects that are private developments, the Certificate of Occupancy will not be issued unless the BMPs have been inspected and signed off as being constructed properly by the City. Prior to certifying a project ready for occupancy (one of the final project releases) or releasing the applicant's bonds, the City will verify that each post-construction BMP has been installed per City requirements. 9.3.3 Construction The City is responsible for enforcement of applicable local ordinances and permits at all construction sites in its jurisdiction. City inspection staff have the authority to take immediate enforcement actions when necessary. This facilitates rapid correction of inadequate BMP implementation, reducing the risk of pollutant discharges from a construction site. If an inspector determines that a construction site is out of compliance with the City's requirements, the inspector would document the corrective actions necessary to bring the site into compliance. Documentation of the corrective actions includes a compliance date at which the inspector has determined that the site needs to be in compliance. This compliance date is based on the best professional judgment of the inspector. The inspector will perform a follow-up inspection to determine compliance. If compliance has not been achieved, the City would implement appropriate enforcement measures based on the severity of the violation. Enforcement can range from verbal warnings to more severe enforcement such as stop work orders. Increasing enforcement measures would be used when necessary if proper corrective actions are not implemented during the allotted time frame. 9.3.4 Existing Development Municipal If the City determines that a municipal facility or activity is out of compliance with requirements, the corrective actions are documented and implemented in order to bring the site into compliance as practicable. Industrial and Commercial 48 If City staff determines that a site is out of compliance with City requirements, the violation and corrective actions necessary to bring the site into compliance are documented and include a compliance date by which the site needs to be in compliance. If compliance has not been achieved by the follow-up inspection. City Staff would implement increasing enforcement actions. Residential The City uses the following mechanisms to determine areas where residential enforcement actions may be necessary: • Public reporting hotline • Analysis of monitoring data ( field screening and analytical monitoring results) • Observations from City field personnel • Residential Management Area inspection program If City Staff observe a significant and/or immediate threat to water quality, enforcement actions are taken to require the residential property owner to immediately eliminate the discharge. City Staff would conduct follow-up inspections to determine if corrective actions have been taken in accordance with City ordinances and minimum BMP requirements. Escalating enforcement steps may be utilized at the discretion of City staff in order to establish appropriate compliance time frames on a case-by-case basis. 9.3.5 Correction of Violations The City requires any violation to be corrected in a timely manner with the goal of correcting the violations within 30 calendar days after the violations are discovered, or prior to the next predicted rain event, whichever is sooner. If more than 30 calendar days are required to achieve compliance, then the City documents the rationale. 9.4 Reporting of Non-Compliant Sites The City will notify the RWQCB in writing within five (5) business days of issuing Escalated Enforcement to a construction site that poses a significant threat to water quality as a result of violations or other non- compliance with its permits and applicable location ordinances, and the requirements of the Permit. The City will notify the RWQCB of any persons required to obtain coverage under the statewide IGP and CGP and failing to do so, within five (5) calendar days from the time the City becomes aware of the circumstances. 49 Page intentionally blank for printing purposes 50 10 Education 10.1 Introduction The City implements a public education program to promote and encourage pollution prevention best management practices that reduce the discharge of pollutants to receiving waters. 10.2 Municipal Staff Training Storm water training for municipal departments and personnel will include general training and job specific training using appropriate topics. The objectives ofthe employee training programs are as follows: • Promote a clear understanding of the urban runoff and water quality issues, including activities that can potentially pollute receiving water bodies. • Identify and implement strategies for BMPs. • Promote employee ownership of the problems and their ability to apply solutions. • Integrate employee feedback into training and BMP implementation. The City provides training to staff involved with the implementation of the JRMP. Staff training may take the form of class room style presentations, attending conferences, field trainings, tailgate meetings, videos, reading written SOPs, emails, and/or other appropriate methods. In addition to the specific training topics listed above. City staff will continuously receive information and general storm water training through various communication methods including: 1. City website: Employees are able to access BMP information 2. Internal Newsletters: Internal newsletters feature updates on the Storm Water Protection Program and Environmental Programs. Employees are notified by e-mail when these newsletters are published and posted on the City's intranet, and hard copies were given to personnel without computer access. 3. Workshops: All new employees are invited to attend a three-day orientation workshop entitled First Mondays. At this workshop, employees are given a Power Point presentation introducing them to the Storm Water Protection Program. 4. Promotional Items: Items such as water bottles, notepads, mouse pads, cups, and pens with the hotline numbers and other pollution prevention messages continue to be distributed to employees. 5. Hotline Decals and Notepads: Car window decals and notepads with the storm water hotline are distributed for employee use in the field. 10.3 Construction Site Owners and Operators The greatest strength of Carlsbad's efforts to educate construction site owners and developers is our motivated and well-informed project review and inspection staff. The City is committed to working with and educating project proponents on storm water compliance during all phases of construction. During the application process, one-on-one or small group meetings, pre-construction meetings, inspections, and complaint investigations the City provides outreach and education that promotes and encourages the development of programs, management practices, and behaviors that potentially lead to the prevention of illegal discharges. The City also provides sample SWPPPs and SWMPs for engineers, developers, and applicants to use as guides when preparing documents for proposed development projects. Construction and Building 51 Inspectors work with contractors, homeowners, developers, and others in the construction industry to identify storm water compliance issues, detail corrective actions, assess the appropriateness of BMPs, and provide educational information and resources. CM&I requires pre-construction meetings with contractors and developers prior to the issuance of grading permits. During the pre-construction meeting, the contractor/developer is educated on the City's storm water requirements and compliance efforts. Each contractor/developer is also provided with a copy ofthe City's minimum BMP requirements and any applicable compliance update memos. In addition, the City has set up public email addresses to request information from Utilities Construction Maintenance and Inspection Division, Community and Economic Development - Land Development Division and Building Division. Contractors, developers, the public, structural BMP responsible parties can send questions, verification forms, and other requests to the various departmental email addresses, which are monitored during business hours. The City has also developed an email address list for structural BMP responsible parties. The email mailing list has been useful in providing information about BMP compliance and other educational information. The City will continue to provide regular storm water training to engineers, plan checkers, and inspectors covering topics such as regulatory requirements, new and evolving BMP standards, inspections and compliance, inventory management and reporting, and new development design and BMP effectiveness. The City also encourages attendance at storm water conferences and workshops, supports applications for storm water compliance certifications, and distributes BMP and pollution prevention information to contractors, developers, and the general public. 10.4 Commercial/Industrial Facilities Owners and Operators Training The City of Carlsbad conducts education of storm water regulations during inspections and through trainings/workshops. As part of the inspection program, site-specific BMPs, employee training and pollution prevention information is shared with the facility and/or business manager. These strategies are in accordance with those identified in Permit No. R9-2013-0001 and the Carlsbad WMA Water Quality Improvement Plan. Forms of outreach education: • Brochures • Direct mailings • City website • Onsite presentations • Inspection reports • Workshops • Informational booths • Other activities as needed Areas/Issues addressed: Pollution prevention BMP Implementation and Maintenance Pesticides, Herbicides and Fertilizers BMPs Other BMPs as identified and required 52 10.5 Residential Community and General Public The City of Carlsbad continues its outreach and education to the residential community and general public in accordance with Permit No. R9-2013-0001 and the Carlsbad WMA WQIP. Outreach and education to these target audiences occurs during complaint investigations, storm water patrols, public events, workshops and presentations, among other opportunities. The City may also contract with third party vendors, non-profit organizations and other groups to implement the outreach and education program. In accordance with Permit No. R9-2013-0001, Provision E.7.a, the City of Carlsbad will focus on the reduction of pollutants associated with the application of pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers; proper management and disposal of used oil and toxic materials; and other pollutants of concern associated with specific target audiences. Pollutants/sources of concern associated with residential communities and the general public: • Pesticides, herbicides and fertilizers • Used oil and toxic materials • Trash • Pet waste • Sediment • Over-irrigation • Prohibited discharges • Other pollutants Forms of outreach education: • Direct mailings • Correspondence from inspections and investigations • Public events • Outreach materials • Neighborhood events • Classroom presentations • Workshops • Media • Other strategies as identified and needed Printed materials can be provided in Spanish and Spanish speaking employees are available during regular business hours city-wide for verbal interpretation, if needed. In addition the City promotes proficiency in Spanish by offering bilingual pay. The City of Carlsbad continues to provide storm water education to school-aged children within the Carlsbad Unified School District. Presentations and outreach can be available to all levels from kindergarten to high school. 53 Page intentionally blank for printing purposes 54 11 Public Participation 11.1 Introduction The goals of the public participation program are to develop mechanisms for public participation throughout the development and implementation of the JRMP. The City encourages public participation through the programs discussed below. 11.2 Water Quality Improvement Plans The process of developing and implementing the WQIPs incorporates a significant public participation process, through engaging stakeholders at public workshops, coordinating with formal Consultation Panels including businesses, developers and Environmental stakeholder members, as well as providing significant public review and comment periods for all WQIP documents. The public participation process not only influences the development ofthe WQIP, but also the implementation mechanisms included in the City's JRMP. The public participation process ofthe WQIP was and continues to be rigorous and transparent. All public meetings are communicated through all city media outlets, including social media. 11.3 Local Public Participation Public participation is fundamental in the implementation of storm water permit regulations. The City of Carlsbad will deploy strategies to engage the public, and to allow for a public forum to provide input and feedback to improve programs. Public participation implements a process for the public to participate in the WQIP process; opportunities for the public to provide feedback on improving the program; and opportunities for the public to participate in programs and/or activities. In addition, the City of Carlsbad provides numerous other opportunities to engage the public and allow for input: City of Carlsbad Council meetings City boards, commissions, and committees WQIP meetings Public events Social media Neighborhood events Storm Water Hotline Storm Water email Public events, such as California Coastal Cleanup Day, Kids Day at the Flower Fields, Citizens' Academy Workshops Inspections and investigations Social media 55 Page intentionally blank for printing purposes 56 12 Monitoring and Assessment The City conducts wet and dry weather monitoring of MS4 outfalls and receiving waters to assess water quality improvement efforts with respect to 303(d) listed constituents and the Highest Priority Water Quality Conditions (HPWQCs) as identified in the Carlsbad Watershed Management Area (WMA) Water Quality Improvement Plan (WQIP). This section describes the City's monitoring and assessment efforts performed on a jurisdictional level and as part ofthe Carlsbad WMA. 12.1 MS4 Outfall Discharge Monitoring Station Inventory The City has identified 141 major MS4 outfalls that discharge directly to receiving waters within its jurisdiction and maintains information about the outfalls it the inventory. The MS4 network is regularly evaluated to ensure that applicable discharge points are included in the inventory. Additionally, monitored outfalls are evaluated onsite to ensure they meet the MS4 outfall discharge monitoring station inventory. 12.2 Dry Weather Major MS4 Outfall Discharge Field Screening Monitoring As a component of its Dry Weather Monitoring (DWM) efforts, field screening is conducted at outfalls identified the MS4 outfall discharge monitoring station inventory to: • identify and investigate observed discharges; • prioritize dry weather MS4 discharges to eliminate; • assess effectiveness of source elimination; and • to differentiate monitoring conducted for the highest priority MS4 outfalls with persistent and transient non-storm water discharge. The minimum number of field screenings conducted annually will be the same as the quantity of major MS4 outfalls identified per in the MS4 outfall discharge monitoring station inventory (currently 141). However, specific outfall locations and frequencies of visual monitoring may change according to non- storm water discharges observed, source elimination, and the HPWQCs of the WMA. Major MS4 outfalls are assessed through field observations and data measurements. Field observations collected are unique to specific major MS4 outfalls and describe: • Site conditions (i.e. vegetation, structural condition, trash, etc..) • Evidence of illicit Evidence of illicit connections or illegal dumping • Presence and characteristics of flow, pooled or ponded water found When field observations or field screening monitoring identifies an obvious illicit discharge, immediate action is taken to identify the source - see Section 4 Illicit Discharge Detection and Elimination. 12.3 Non-Storm Water Persistent Flow MS4 Discharge Monitoring The City conducts non-storm water persistent flow MS4 outfall discharge monitoring at specific major MS4 outfalls identified during an assessment ofthe City's MS4. Monitoring of persistent flow is performed to identify which persistent non-storm water discharges contain concentrations of pollutants below NALs and which have the potential to impact receiving water quality during dry weather. The City prioritizes all persistently flowing major MS4 outfalls based on: • Transitional monitoring results • HPWQCs • Historical data (DWM/CSDM) 57 • 3rd party data • Historical Temporary Watershed Assessment Station (TWAS) monitoring • Historical Mass Loading Station (MLS) monitoring The City identified five major MS4 outfalls and classified them as the highest priority outfalls for additional monitoring. These highest priority major outfalls and their locations within the Carlsbad WMA are listed in Table 5. The City monitors these high priority outfalls semi-annually during dry weather conditions until results from non-storm water discharges no longer qualify as a highest priority outfall. This occurs when: • Discharge has been eliminated for three consecutive dry-weather monitoring events • Data evaluation illustrates that constituents fall below an NAL • The outfall is found to be an authorized discharge or covered by a separate NPDES permit Table 5: Highest Priority Major Ouffalls and Location Description MS4 0utfalllD Location 19C-1 North of Sunny Creek Rd. lD-21 West of Haymar Dr. and El Camino Real 16C-61 South of Chinquapin. Near YMCA camp. 9B-S216 State St. north of Laguna Dr. 9B-38 State St. north of Laguna Dr. The City will periodically reevaluate and prioritize (as needed) its non-storm water persistent flow MS4 outfalls. This process ensures that the highest priority major MS4 outfalls are focused on for their contributions. In general, the City will continue to focus on addressing the highest priority MS4 outfalls until one of the conditions above are met and lower priority outfalls will be integrated into the highest priority MS4 outfall listing. Discharge monitoring includes DWM field observations identified above (Section 12.1) with the addition of field parameter measurements and collection of grab samples when discharge is either ponded/pooled or flowing. Field parameters measured are shown below in Table 6. Table 6: Field Measurements Parameter Units Temperature °C Specific Conductivity pmhos/cm pH pH Units Dissolved Oxygen mg/L Turbidity NTU When active flow is present, the non-storm water discharge is sampled and is analyzed for the constituents identified in the Carlsbad WMA MS4 Outfall Monitoring Plan: Attachment D - Table D-3. The current monitoring plan can be found at the Project Clean Water website under the Carlsbad WMA page. Collection methods of samples and field parameters follow SWRCB approved SWAMP guidelines and/or EPA methods described, unless a site-specific method must be used enable to collect representative data. 12.4 Wet Weather MS4 Outfall Discharge Monitoring The City performs wet weather MS4 outfall monitoring to identify pollutants in storm water discharges from the MS4s and to guide pollutant source identification and mitigation efforts. MS4 wet weather 58 monitoring stations within the Carlsbad WMA were selected to best represent land use types (i.e. residential, commercial, industrial and mixed) within its limits. The City performs monitoring at one MS4 outfall monitoring station. The City's wet weather monitoring station is currently outfall lD-21. Each year the city will reevaluate the site selection and make changes as needed in order to provide accurate data or facilitate better assessments. During the wet season (October 1- April 30), the City monitors at least one wet weather event at lD-21 using the procedures identified in the Carlsbad WMA MS4 Outfall Monitoring Plan. If pollutants are identified that cause or contribute to a HPWQC at the wet weather monitoring station, additional wet weather monitoring and source investigation will be scheduled to guide pollutant source identification efforts until eliminated. For each wet weather monitoring event, the City records the following information: 1. A narrative description of the location and condition of the monitoring station. 2. A narrative description and quantification of the storm event conditions. 3. Results of field measurements listed in Table 14-2. Collected grab samples may be used to collect field measurements with the addition of hardness and indicator bacteria. 4. Results of time-weighted, flow-weighted, manual compositing or a blend composite sample for a duration of a storm event to represent the changes in pollutant concentration and runoff flows. Samples are collected using methods and protocols approved by the SWRCB and described in the MS4 Outfall Monitoring Plan. Composite samples are analyzed for constituents that have been identified in the Carlsbad WMA MS4 Outfall Monitoring Plan: Attachment D - Table D-4. The City analyzes the wet weather monitoring results to support and assess the effectiveness ofthe water quality improvement efforts. Based on the results, the City may implement additional efforts to achieve water quality benchmarks set for the WMA. 12.5 Data Assessment, Reporting, and Quality Control The City assesses collected dry and wet weather monitoring data for assessing the effectiveness of the current water quality improvements implemented. Results from dry weather MS4 outfall discharge monitoring is used as part of a prioritization procedure for non-storm water discharges to be addressed by the IDDE program. It is a key component in the iterative approach to water quality improvements and provides the City with adaptive management options to best address water quality concerns. Monitoring efforts that occur at a greater frequency than expressed in this Monitoring and Assessment section are reported to the RWQCB at prescribed intervals. Annually, collected monitoring data are uploaded using specified templates to the California Environmental Data Exchange Network (CEDEN) Southern California Regional Data Center. The uploaded regional water quality information is ultimately available to the general public through the CEDEN website. As a quality control component, the City maintains monitoring and calibration data fora minimum of five years from date sampled, measured, reported or applied. Sample collection methods involve the inclusion of a quality assurance/quality control (QAQC) program. The sampling, analysis, and, QAQC were conducted in accordance with the Quality Assurance Management Plan (QAMP) for SWAMP. 59 12.6 WQIP WMA Monitoring Requirements As part ofthe Carlsbad WMA, the City works in collaboration with the other stakeholders within the WMA boundary. The goal is to create a bridge between the overall health of the receiving waters within the WMA and water quality from MS4 systems. These requirements include: • Sediment Quality Monitoring; • Long-term Receiving Water Monitoring Requirements; and • Special Studies. • Storm Water Monitoring Coalition Regional Monitoring • Southern California Bight Regional Monitoring These monitoring programs are described in the following documents: • Carlsbad WMA Water Quality Improvement Plan; • Carlsbad WMA Sediment Monitoring Plan; and • CaHsbad Receiving Water Monitoring Plan. The current versions of these documents are located at the Project Clean Water website under the Carlsbad WMA page-www.projectcleanwater.org. 60 13 Fiscal Analysis Effective programs require adequate funding to implement planned strategies. The first step in securing adequate program funding is to provide a strategy for effectively conducting a fiscal analysis of the Program in its entirety. The fiscal analysis evaluates the expenditures (such as capital, operation and maintenance, outreach and education, and administrative expenditures) necessary to accomplish the activities of the Program. The fiscal analyses will be completed annually and included in the Carlsbad Water Quality Improvement Plan Annual Reports. 13.1 Expenditure Categories The City has identified categories of expenditures related to storm water management and implementation. The following are category descriptions of specific implementation, capital, operation and maintenance activities. Five expenditure categories were identified for fiscal analysis to effectively communicate the types of program costs. Descriptions for these categories of expenditures are provided below: Administrative Tasks Administrative activities include a range of tasks across multiple Divisions. Such tasks include general government services related to storm water management programs and miscellaneous administrative tasks such as contract management, invoice processing, and accounting. Development Planning and Construction Management Development planning and construction management relate to both public and private projects. City capital projects are primarily the responsibility ofthe Public Works Department and private discretionary projects are primarily the responsibility of the Community Development Department. Tasks include development planning review, project management, and construction site inspections. Existing Development Management and O&M This category covers existing development and includes program implementation and management of storm water best management practices (BMPs) forthe municipal, commercial, residential, and treatment control inventories. It also includes operation and maintenance activities that relate to storm water management such as street and MS4 cleaning. The Public Works Department is primarily responsible for the management and O&M of existing development. Capital Projects The Public Works Department is responsible for implementing the Capital Improvement Program (CIP) for the City. Water quality capital projects are included in this category and may be considered as individual projects or as features within other CIP projects implemented by the City. Watershed and Regional Costs Regional and watershed costs are allocated from the Public Works Department and are tracked according by program type. 13.2 staff Resources To meet the storm water management requirements in the Municipal Permit, implementation efforts and costs are shared across the entire City. For the fiscal analysis the City staff will identify the staff resources and needed to implement the City's overall program. City staff resources will be analyzed according to their functions related to the City using the Expenditure Categories identified above. 61 13.3 Expenditures and Sources of Funds Annually, the City will present its expenditures forthe fiscal year as well as a proposed budget forthe next fiscal year. The fiscal year expenditures are presented in tabular format with separate rows for different divisions and subdivisions. The budget for the next fiscal year is presented in similar format and includes the anticipated total expenditures. The sources of the funds needed to fund the current and next fiscal year will be included in the analysis and include any identified restrictions on the use of those funds. 62