HomeMy WebLinkAbout2018-06-12; City Council; ; Microgrid Feasibility Study for the Carlsbad Public Safety and Service Center complex~ CITY COUNCIL
~ Staff Report
Meeting Date:
To:
From:
Staff Contact:
June 12, 2018
Mayor and City Council
Kevin Crawford, City Manager
Michael Grim, Sr. Program Manager
mike.grim@carlsbadca.gov or 760-602-4623
CA Review ffs
Subject: Microgrid Feasibility Study for the Carlsbad Public Safety and Service
Center complex.
Recommended Action
Receive the presentation of an Integrated Demand Side Management Microgrid Feasibility
Study for the Carlsbad Public Safety and Service Center complex.
Executive Summary
Through the SAN DAG Energy Roadmap program services, the city received a feasibility study for
an Integrated Demand Side Management (IDSM) microgrid at the Public Safety and Service
Center complex. The SAN DAG energy engineering consultant, TRC Solutions, will present an
overview of the study.
Discussion
The city is participating in the SAN DAG Energy Roadmap program, which provides no-cost
energy assessments and energy management plans to SAN DAG member agencies through their
Local Government Partnership with SDG&E. The plans include recommendations in areas such
as energy efficiency, greening the city fleet, promoting employee commute options, marketing
energy programs and supporting green jobs.
The city received its energy management plan in October 2014, which was accepted by City
Council by adopting Resolution No. 2015-091. After completing the plan, SAN DAG continues to
assist municipalities by identifying projects and/or programs to implement the plan's
recommendations and reduce energy use. The reduction of energy use in municipal operations
and in the community is key to reaching the city's Climate Action Plan (CAP) greenhouse gas
emissions reduction targets.
While exploring innovative ways to increase energy efficiency, and provide renewable energy
and electric vehicle charging stations at city facilities, staff researched microgrids and how a
microgrid with a heavy focus on IDSM at the Public Safety and Service Center complex could
serve those CAP goals. It could also provide resiliency and reliability for critical city services
during emergencies and/or electrical grid failures. Staff requested that SAN DAG add an IDSM-
focused microgrid at the city's Public Safety and Service Center complex to the Carlsbad Energy
Roadmap program.
June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 1 of 38
On Oct. 17, 2017, City Council approved Resolution No. 2017-199 authorizing the Public Safety
and Service Center complex to be a demonstration site for a California Energy Commission
grant funding opportunity for deployment of advanced microgrids; however, the grant was not
awarded for this project. TRC Solutions completed the I DSM-focused Microgrid Feasibility Study
on March 13, 2018, and will present an overview of the findings to the City Council.
Fiscal Analysis
The Microgrid Feasibility Study was funded through the SAN DAG Energy Roadmap program.
Staff time for project management was funded through the Operating Budget.
Next Steps
The Microgrid Feasibility Study is being presented to City Council as an informational item. Staff
will continue to research grant opportunities to fund a microgrid at this site unless directed
otherwise by City Council.
Environmental Evaluation (CEQA)
Pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 21065, receiving a presentation on the Microgrid
Feasibility Study does not constitute a "project" within the meaning of the California
Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) in that it has no potential to cause either a direct physical
change in the environment, or a reasonably foreseeable indirect physical change in the
environment, and therefore does not require environmental review.
Public Notification
This item was noticed in accordance with the Ralph M. Brown Act and was available for public
viewing and review at least 72 hours prior to the scheduled meeting date.
Exhibits
1. Integrated Demand Side Management (IDSM)-Focused Microgrid Feasibility Study Fact Sheet
-City of Carlsbad Public Safety and Service Complex, dated June 12, 2018.
2. Integrated Demand Side Management (IDSM)-Focused Microgrid Feasibility Study Report
and Appendices -City of Carlsbad Public Safety and Service Complex, dated June 12, 2018
(on file with the Environmental Management Division).
June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 2 of 38
{"city of
Carlsbad
Benefits
Lifetime1 Project Benefits that CESAM would Provide to the City of Carlsbad and its Local Community
Lower Costs: Save $16,847,867 in reduced energy and Environmental Benefits: Reduce GHG emissions by 8,601 Equivalent Metric
operational costs. Tons of CO2.
Greater Reliability: Improve grid reliability by regulating Increase Safety: Provide the required islanding capability (of indefinite
the load with grid-connected battery during load swings duration) to CESAM necessary to support local citizens in emergency
and microgrid reliability by sequentially triggering three situations through evacuation assistance, emergency shelter, food, and
lines of defense in island operation mode. supplies.
Public Health: Reduce air emissions by 92 tons and the Economic Development: The DOE estimates that the US spends more than
potential public health risks associated with them. Reduce $26 billion annually on outages of more than five minutes. Responding with
electrical, fire, and explosion operational hazards related uninterrupted services will allow the business community continue
to using diesel fuels. operations with minimal impact to the local economy.
Consumer Appeal: Best practices and lessons learned for Energy Security: Provide cybersecurity and resilience using and advanced
municipalities and local communities to increase microgrid controller with a cutting-edge defense-in-depth based on four
understanding and benefits of advanced microgrids. layers of defense.
The implementation of CESAM would also represent of the City of Carlsbad's commitment to the State's far-reaching environmental and
energy goals by demonstrating how a microgrid can be designed and implemented as an energy assurance solution; leveraging a multi-
tiered energy generation system and battery storage in conjunction with advanced controls and load management strategies. The project
will provide an example to municipalities and public agencies within San Diego and Orange Counties, as well as throughout the State.
CESAM Impact to California's 2030 Environmental and Energy Goals (SB-3SO Clean Energy and Pollution Reduction Act of 2015)
Use Renewable Resources For Half of the State's Electricity: 61% of the energy delivered to the load of CESAM will originate from
renewable power sources.
Cutting Petroleum Use in Half and Develop Cleaner Heating Fuels: With the 1st and 2nd lines of defense, CESAM will rarely have to rely
on diesel during an emergency. Moreover, the City's diesel fleet will all be powered by 99% renewable biodiesel and electricity.
Doubling Energy Savings in Existing Buildings: The implementation of EE measures will reduce the energy consumption and peak load
of the complex by 17% and 10%, respectively.
Reducing GHG emissions to 40% below 1990 levels: CESAM will reduce its annual GHG emissions by 57% and its air emissions by 50%.
Cost
As originally conceived, with the implementation of the EE measures, DR strategies, the BESS, and solar PV, the benefits would exceed the
cost of the CESAM project by 27% over the assumed project lifetime of 20 years. The project payback period would be estimated at 15.1
years. The total cost of the project would be approximately $6,698,3592 and the project's lifetime savings would be $9,568,789. However,
there are alternatives available to the City that included modifications to the design, project phasing, and attractive project financing, such
as 10-year solar Power Purchase Agreements (PPAs), which could significantly improve the potential project payback calculations.
I Task Description Labor Trave l Material Equipment TOTAL Cost
1 General Project Tasks: $177,551 $2,100 $0 $0 $179,651 Management of project team and deliverables
2 Microgrid Design and Engineerin~: $686,900 $1,600 $0 $0 $688,500 Site assessment, design and engineering.
3 Technology Procurement and Construction: $1,299,769 $800 $1,061,380 $3,315,100 $5,677,049 Construction and DERs installation
4 Project Testing and Commissioning: $102,459 $1,200 $39,500 $10,000 $153,159 Configuration, testing, and com.missioning
Total I DSM-Focused CESAM project cost I $2,266,679 $5,700 ; $1,100,880 I $3,325,100 i $6,698,359 I I I
I I
1 Project lifetime for building energy efficiency measures is assumed to be 15 yea rs as recommended by the CEC guidelines ·for Codes and Sta ndards
Enhancement (CASE) proposals. It has been assumed a lifetime of 20 years for the microgrid.
2 Th e interconnection costs of the project, which are not included in the values shown above, are estimated to range between $100,000 and $300,000.
Prepared by: TRC Solutions, Inc. (Ramon YII-Prous & Katie P. Wilson); Phone: (949) 727-7312 I Emi;iil: ryllprous@trcsolutions.com June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 4 of 38
{city of
Carlsbad
This program is funded by California utility customers and administered by San Diego Gas & Electric
(SDG&E) Company under the auspices of the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC).
The calculations provided herein are estimates only. San Diego Association of_Governments (SAN DAG) and
SDG&E make no warranty, expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, any warranty of
merchantability or fitness for any particular use or application. SAN DAG and SDG&E recommend that you
consult licensed contractors to verify your particular circumstance and advise you of the expected savings
prior to any work. SDG&E's incentive programs are offered on a first-come, first-served basis and are
effective until funding is expended or the program is discontinued by the CPUC.
ii June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 6 of 38
Table of Contents
(city of
Carlsbad
1 Executive Summary ..................................................... : ...................................... 1
2 Goals and Objectives .......................................................................................... 3
3 Site Assessment ................................................................................... : ............. 5
3.1 Facilities Description ........................................................................................................................ 5
3.2 Natural Hazards More Likely to Occur in the !DSM-focused Microgrid Location ........................... 7
3.3 Current Energy Use Summary ......................................................................................................... 8
4 Proposed Energy Efficiency Measures ............................................................... 9
4.1 Proposed Lighting Energy Efficiency Measures ............................................................................. 10
4.2 Proposed Mechanical Energy Efficiency Measures ....................................................................... 14
5 Description of the I DSM-Focused Microgrid Capabilities ................................ 17
5.1 Selection of Distributed Energy Resources .................................................................... .' .............. 17
6 I DSM-Focused Microgrid Operations, Communications, and Controls ............ 21
7 !DSM-Focused Microgrid Benefits .................................................................... 23
7.1 Energy Savings ............................................................................................................................... 23
7.2 Benefits to Ratepayers ........................... : ....................................................................................... 25
8 Economic Analysis of the !DSM-Focused Microgrid ......................................... 27
8.1 Project Cost ....................................................................................................................... : ............ 27
8.2 Benefit-Cost Analysis ..................................................................................................................... 27
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June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 7 of 38
Table of figures
{city of
Carlsbad
Figure 1: CESAM Loads Location (aerial view obtained from Google Maps) .................................................. 5
Figure 2: Safety Center ..................................................................................................................................... 5
Figure 3: Safety Center Entrance Sign ............................................................................................................. 5
Figure 4: Safety Training Center Main Building ............................................................................................... 6
Figure 5: Firefighters Training at STC. .................................................................. , ........................................... 6
Figure 6: Carlsbad's SWAT Team Training at STC ............................................................................................ 6
Figure 7: Firefighters Training at STC Roof ...................................................................................................... 6
Figure 8: Fleet Maintenance Center ................................................................................................................ 6
Figure 9: Fleet Maintenance Center Car Shop ................................................................................................ 6
Figure 10: Fire Station 5 ................................................................................................................................... 7
Figure 11: Carlsbad Firefighter's Engine at FS5 ............................................................................................... 7
Figure 12: Future Orion Center Location ......................................................................................................... 7
Figure 13: Future Orion Center Location ......................................................................................................... 7
Figure 14: Carlsbad's Fire Hazard Map (California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection, CAL FIRE). 8
Figure 15: San Diego County Shakeout Area Map (Earthquake Country Alliance & California Emergency
Management Agency) ...................................................................................................................................... 8
Figure 16: Tsunami Inundation Map for Emergency Planning (Department of Conservation, State of
California) ......................................................................................................................................................... 8
Figure 17: Safety Center Building (source: Google Maps) .................................................................... -........ 14
Figure 18: Safety Center HVAC eQuest Model Developed .. , ......................................................................... 14
Figure 19: Safety Training Center Main Building (source: Google Maps) ..................................................... 14
Figure 20: Safety Training Center HVAC eQuest Model Developed ............................................................. 14
Figure 21: CESAM Architecture (background image obtained from Google Maps) ..................... , ............... 20
Figure 22: FY 2016 Cyberattacks by Sector (290 total) ................................................................................. 21
Figure 23: I DSM-Focused Microgrid Controller Cybersecurity Layers (source: IPERC) ................................ 21
Figure 24: BESS NPV Benefit-Cost Chart Indexed by Pro Forma Categories (source: StorageVET™) .......... 25
Figure 25: CESAM Cash Flow ......................................................................................................................... 28
Table of Tables
Table 1: EEM Energetic and Financial Analysis ·······························································::······························· 9
Table 2: EEM-1 Energy and Cost Summary ................................................................................................... 11
Table 3: EEM-2 Energy and Cost Summary ................................................................................................... 11
Table 4: EEM-3 Energy and Cost Summary ................................................................................................... 12
Table 5: EEM-4 Energy and Cost Summary ................................................................................................... 12
Table 6: EEM-5 Energy and Cost Summary ................................................................................................... 13
Table 7: EEM-6 Energy and Cost Summary ................................................................................................... 13
Table 8: EEM-7 Energy and Cost Summary ................................................................................................... 15
Table 9: EEM-8 Energy and Cost Summary ..................... : ............................................................................. 15
Table 10: EEM-9 Energy and Cost Summary ................................................................................................. 16
Table 11: CESAM Total Annual Savings .......................................................................................................... 23
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June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 8 of 38
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Table 12: Diesel Reduction Annual Savings ................................................................................................... 24
Table 13: Solar PV and BESS Annual Savings ................................................................................................. 24
Table 14: BESS Valuation Results (StorageVET™) ......................................................................................... 24
Table 15: CESAM Project Lifetime Savings .................................................................................................... 25
Table 16: CESAM Project Implementation Costs & Tasks ............................................................................. 27
Table 17: CESAM Revenue Streams ............................................................................................................... 28
Table 18: Benefit-Cost Analysis Summary of the I DSM-Focused Microgrid ................................................. 28
Terms and Acronyms Description
AHU: Air Handler Unit(s)
ATO: Authority To Operate
' BESS: Battery Energy Storage System
BMS: Building Management System
CAL FIRE: California Department of Forestry and Fire Protection
CASE: Codes And Standards Enhancement
CEC: California Energy Commission
CESAM: Carlsbad Emergency Services Advanced Microgrid
CFL: Compact Fluorescent Lamp
CO2: Carbon Dioxide
CPUC: California Public Utilities Commission
DCV: Demand Control Ventilation
DEER: Database of Energy Efficiency Resources
DER: Distributed Energy Resources
DLC: Design Lights Consortium
DOE: Department of Energy
DR: Demand Response
EE: Energy Efficiency
EEM: Energy Efficiency Measure(s)
EPIC: Electric Program Investment Charge
ES: Energy Star
EV: Electric Vehicle(s)
FEMA: Federal Energy Management Program
FMC: Fleet Maintenance Center
V
June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 9 of 38
FSS: Fire Station #5
GHG: Greenhouse Gas(es)
HID: High-Intensity Discharge
HOMER: Hybrid Optimization Models for Energy Resources
HP: Horsepower
HVAC: Heating, Ventilation, and Air Conditioning
IDSM: Integrated Demand Side Management
J
IEEE: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
, IOU: Investor Owned Utility
IPMVP: ~ International Performance Measurement & Verification Protocol
KW: Kilowatt ·
KWh: Kilowatt-hour
LED: Light-Emitting Diode
M&V: Measurement and Verification
MBH: Thousand BTU (British Thermal Unit) per hour
MW: Megawatt
MWh: Megawatt-hour
NG: Natural Gas
NOx: Nitrogen Oxides
NPV: Net Present Value
O&M: Operations & Maintenance
OC: Orion Center
PLS: Permanent Load Shifting
PPP: Public Purpose Program
PV: Photovoltaic
RTU: Rooftop Package Unit(s)
SC: Safety Center
SDG&E: San Diego Gas & Electric
502: Sulfur Dioxide
-sTC: Safety Training Center
USGS: · United States Geological Survey
vi
C cityof
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June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 10 of 38
1 Executive Summary
{"city of
Carlsbad
The City of Carlsbad is a coastal city located in north San Diego County. Due to its location, it is susceptible to
the effects of environmental hazards such as wildfires, earthquakes, and tsunamis. As such, associated
electrical outages are of concern to the City's emergency response services. Presently, the City relies on
emergency backup diesel generators to power three of the City's five critical emergency response facilities
located on a 20-acre campus named Public Safety and Service Complex. The complex includes, among others,
the City's Fire and Police headquarters, the Emergency Operations Center, and the Safety Training Center,
which is also identified as a regional field hospital in the event of a disaster.
In addition to providing security for the continuity of operations, the purpose of an Integrated Demand Side
Management (IDSM)-Focused Carlsbad Emergency Services Advanced Microgrid (CESAM, !DSM-Focused
Microgrid, or Microgrid) Feasibility Study is identify ways to save energy, provide support for resiliency in the
event of grid outages, and achieve City and state climate action planning goals with the ongoing reduction of
· greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions. To achieve this, CESAM, which would be subject to change frcim secondary
to primary metering, would include the following new distributed energy resources (DER)
(i) Energy Efficiency (EE) Strategies
(ii) Demand Response (DR) Strategies
(iii) 1 Megawatt (MW)/1 Megawatt/hour (MWh) Battery Energy Storage System (BESS)
(iv) 850 Kilowatt (KW) Rooftop Solar Photovoltaic (PV)
(v) Ten Dual Electric Vehicle (EV) Charging Stations
(vi) 200 KW Natural Gas (NG) Generator
The proposed I DSM-Focused Microgrid would be designed with three lines of defense in order to increase
the reliability, resilience, and renewable energy penetration of the system, which would be of 61% when
CESAM operates in grid-parallel mode and of 100% (almost always) when it operates islanded from the
utility-grid. In an outage, the microgrid controller would shed the EV charging stations load and trigger each
of these lines of defense sequentially, based on the duration of the outage experienced. The first line of
defense would allow the I DSM-Focused Microgrid to operate in island mode for up to 12 hours using only
renewable energy. The average campus power outage, including major events, is 2.7 hours; CESAM could
rely on this first line of defense in most emergencies (i.e., when the grid goes down). The second line of
defense (i.e., solar PV, BESS, small NG generator) would allow the critical system to continuously operate
for up to 10 days islanded from the grid in case the emergency lasts longer. Finally, the !DSM-Focused
Mirn;:igrid would reuse the three existing generators for emergencies that last more than 10 days to provide
backup during outages as a tertiary generation asset. Furthermore, CESAM would not only be able to island
in case of an outage, but also whenever a demand response event is required and called by SDG&E so as
to reduce the overall grid load. Refer to Figure 21 for more information.
1
June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 11 of 38
("city of
Carlsbad
CESAM's design would allow the GHG and air emissions1 to be reduced by 57% and 51%, respectively. The
proposed energy efficiency measures would reduce energy use by 397 MWh (18%) and the overall IDSM-
Focused Microgrid load by 39 KW (9%). Overall, with the implementation of the EE measures, DR strategies,
the BESS, and solar PV, the benefits would exceed the cost of the CESAM project by 27% over the assumed
project lifetime of 20 years. The total cost of the project would be approximately $6,698,359 and the project's
lifetime savings would be $9,568,789.
1 Sulfur dioxide {S02) and nitrogen oxides {NOx)
2
June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 12 of 38
2 Goals and Objectives
( City of
Carlsbad
The proposed I DSM-Focused Microgrid would provide renewable energy to the City of Carlsbad's campus
of critical facilities while achieving the following goals and objectives:
• Improve Energy Resiliency: Improve City of 'Carlsbad's capacity to operate during utility grid outages
and support its critical first responder functions.
• Improve Cybersecurity: Demonstrate technology with the ability to prevent unauthenticated access to
the system by obtaining the authority to operate (ATO).
• Reduce Environmental Impact: Potentially decrease GHG and air emissions by reducing demand and
replacing fossil fuel powered backup energy with clean renewable power.
• Improve Economic Impact: Reduce costs associated with energy consumption, operations &
maintenance (O&M) of backup power generation, and control and manage loads to reduce the overall
grid (i.e., SDG&E's grid) load.
• Support Clean Energy Market Transformation: Demonstrate an effective, cybersecure, and clean I DSM-
Focused Microgrid design that is scalable across local governments, counties, regional agencies (such
as CAL FIRE, and transportation, water and wastewater agencies).
CESAM would also be an excellent expression of the City of Carlsbad's commitment to the following climate
and energy goals that the California Energy Commission (CEC) set for the State of California2:
• Use Renewable Resources for Half of the State's Electricity by 2030: 61% of the energy delivered to the
load of CESAM would originate from renewable power sources3. A Li-Ion Battery Energy Storage System
would be used to store as much of the excess solar power as possible. The remaining energy would be
sold through Net Metering to SDG&E according to the CPUC Rule 21 Interconnection.
• Cutting Petroleum Use in Half & Develop Cleaner Heating Fuels by 2030: By integrating a large amount
of new and existing solar generation, CESAM would reduce the amount of energy purchased from the
grid and GHG and air emissions, all while increasing the operational security of the campus.
• Doubling Energy Savings in Existing Buildings by 2030: As presented in Section 0, the implementation of
the proposed energy efficiency measures would reduce substantially both the overall demand and
energy usage of CESAM.
• Reducing GHG Emissions to 40% Below 1990 Levels by 2030: Due to minimal use of the generators
(which would only be used in outages twice as long as the average outage the City experiences) and
the non-use of diesel for 20 cars of the City fleet, and as a result of the large amount of solar energy
that CESAM would generate, the !DSM-Focused Microgrid's GHG contribution would be reduced by
more than half.
2 Renewables resources for half of the state's electricity, California Energy Commission, 2015
3 A total of 45% of the energy delivered to the load of CESAM would originate from the proposed solar PV system. Moreover, the "2017
Renewable Energy -Overview" report presented by the California Energy Commission
(http://www.energy.ca.gov/renewables/tracking_progress/documents/renewable.pdf) estimated that approximately 29% of California's
electricity generation is currently obtained from renewables.
3
June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 13 of 38
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Carlsbad
The CESAM project would contribute to all the above-mentioned energy goals by demonstrating how an
!DSM-Focused Microgrid can be designed and .implemented as an energy assurance solution-utilizing a
multi-tiered energy generation system and battery storage in conjunction with advanced controls, load
management, and demand response strategies. The ability to operate the advanced microgrid in island
mode during utility outage situations would enhance ehergy security and emergency response for both the
City and the region.
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June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 14 of 38
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4 Proposed Energy Efficiency Measures
Various Energy Efficiency Measures (EEM) have been identified during the site visits performed at the SC,
STC, FMC, and FS5 facilities. Table 1 lists all of the measure savings identified (per site) with project
implementation economics. The annual utility savings have been estimated using the blended electricity
and gasiutility rates. Additional details on each measure are included in the EEM description sections below.
-·----------------i On-Bill Savings i IOU Program Savings
I I ~ Electric I Natural 'i I Electric Natural r= f I Proiect I Net Net
I I Demand Gas Demand Gas Imp ementation , Imp ementatron Simple
EE Measure : Facility I Qty Savmgs Reduction I Sav,ngs I Savings i Reduction I Savings Cost Savings Incentive Cost ! Cost ;Payback
I
I Electricity I Electnc1ty I Annual Utrlttv Potential Utility 1 • I 1
I (kWh/yr) i (kW) I (thm/yr) I (kWh/yr) ~I (thm/yr) ($/yr) I (SJ I (SJ I (SI i (yr)
SC 21 2,881 0.30 -12.10 1,048 0.28 -4.41 573.08 147.00 2,725.17 $ 2,578.17 4.5
EEM-1: STC 114 19,590 2.10 -64.50 9,281 2.10 -26.62 3,830.94 798.00 15,237.24 14,439.24 3.8
LED CAN
Commercial FS5 20 3,911 0.28 -33.29 0 0.00 0.00 $ 762.70 140.00 2,936.16 2,796.16 3.7
TOTAL 155 26,382 2.68 -109.89 10,329 2.38 -31.03 $ 5,166.73 $ 1,085.00 $ 20,898.57 $ 19,813.57 3.8
SC 42 28,402 0.00 0.00 28,402 0.00 0.00 5,574.99 1,637.00 23,131.67 $ 21,494.67 3.9
EEM-2: FMC 17 11,497 0.00 0.00 11,497 0.00 0.00 2,272.41 627.00 10,147.58 9,520.58 4.2
LED Exterior FSS 24 11,771 0.00 0.00 11,497 0.00 0.00 2,362.61 827.00 12,191.67 11,364.67 4.8
TOTAL 83 51,670 0.00 0.00 51,396 0.00 0.00 10,210.02 $ 3,091.00 $ 45,470.92 $ 42,379.92 4.2
SC 13 3,643 0.39 -15.31 1,466 0.38 -6.16 663.40 52.00 382.85 330.85 0.5
EEM-3:
LEDA-lamp FSS 354 0.02 -3.72 0 0.00 0.00 66.69 8.00 148.52 140.52 2.1
TOTAL 15 3,997 0.41 -19.03 1,466 0.38 -6.16 730.09 $ 60.00 531.37 $ 471.37 0.6
FMC 35 8,750 1.84 0.00 5,367 1.84 0.00 1,854.99 1,225.00 13,999.61 12,774.61 6.9
EEM-4:
LED High bay FSS 20 2,453 0.28 0.00 5,367 1.84 0.00 595.97 700.00 7,721.60 7,021.60 11.8
TOTAL 55 11,203 2.ll 0.00 10,734 3.68 0.00 2,450.96 $ 1,925.00 $ 21,721.21 $ 19,796.21 8.1
SC 497 135,849 20.93 -684.07 67,812 19.25 -349.27 27,177.35 12,425.00 136,226.51 123,801.51 4.6
·STC 372 23,401 4.01 673.81 12,884 .. 3.94 -46.75 5,976.07 9,300.00 88,194.58 78,894.58 13.2
EEM-5:
LED Troffers FMC 50 8,515 1.51 -10.80 5,221 1.51 -6.61 1,800.71 1,250.00 13,400.66 12,150.66 6.7
FSS 71 19,288 1.46 -202.51 5,221 1.51 -6.61 3,871.13 1,775.00 19,964.52 18,189.52 4.7
TOTAL 990 187,053 27.91 -223.57 91,138 26.21 -409.24 $ 38,825.27 $ 24,750.00 $ 257,786.27 $ 233,036.27 6.0
SC 316 37,644 5.80 -202.22 0 0.00 0.00 7,283.95 25,401.52 25,401.52 3.5
EEM-6: STC 46 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.0
LED Non-
lncentivizable FMC 34 8,541 1.79 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 1,775.05 11,883.40 11,883.40 6.7
Miscellaneous FSS 98 11,315 1.06 -32.26 0 0.00 0.00 2,328.63 14,596.30 14,596.30 6.3
TOTAL 494 57,500 8.65 -234.48 0 0.00 0.00 $ 11,387.62 $ 51,881.22 $ 51,881.22 4.6
EEM-7: SC N/A 15,293 -4.00 1,967.00 15,293 -4.00 1,967.00 3,376.50 1,223.44 10,000.00 8,776.56 2.6
AHU SAT
Reset TOTAL N/A 15,293 -4.00 1,967.00 15,293 -4.00 1,967.00 $ 3,376.50 $ 1,223.44 $ 10,000.00 $ 8,776.56 2.6
EEM-8: SC N/A 0 0.00 4,793.00 0 0.00 767.00 1,519.91 300.00 37,529.08 37,229.08 24.5
Replace Boiler TOTAL N/A 0 0.00 4,793.00 0 0.00 767.00 $ 1,519.91 $ 300.00 $ 37,529.08 $ 37,229.08 24.5
SC N/A 27,556 2.00 28.00 27,556 2.00 28.00 4,968.96 4,133.40 20,000.00 15,866.60 3.2
EEM-9:
RTU STC N/A 16,065 -1.00 -47.00 16,065 -1.00 -47.00 2,876.80 2,409.75 50,000.00 47,590.25 . 16.5
Controller
TOTAL N/A 43,621 1.00 -19.00 43,621 1.00 -19.00 $ 7,845.75 $ 6,543.15 $ 70,000.00 $ 63,456.85 8.1
TOTAL 1,792 396,719 38.77 6,154.03 223',977 29.65 2,268.57 $ 81,512.85 $ 38,977,59 $ 515,Bla.54 $ 476,841.05 5.8
Table 1: EEM Energetic and Financial Analysis
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June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 19 of 38
4.1 Proposed Lighting Energy Efficiency Measures
C cityof
Carlsbad
The lighting measures identified have been analyzed using a customized spreadsheet, which accounts for
both, On-bill savings and the Investor Owned Utility (IOU) program savings, of each of the measures. On-
bill savings are based on the actual annual operating hours of the fixtures. The exterior luminaires of all the
facilities operate from dusk to dawn (i.e., 4,100 hours per year), with the help of a photocell4. The operating
hours of the interior fixtures are presented in the Appendices. The IOU program savings are based on the
applicable statewide workpapers5.
It is proposed to replace and retrofit the existing fixtures and lamps with new LED fixtures, LED retrofit kits,
and LED lamps that feature equivalent or greater lighting, thus maintaining or improving lighting levels
while reducing energy consumption byJoughly 60%. LED retrofit kits are a cost-effective conversion that
eliminate the need for a full fixture replacement.
The proposed LED equipment offers truer color rendering valLJes than conventional area lighting methods,
which is useful for nighttime visibility and security. LED lights also reduce maintenance costs associated
with bulb replacement due to their significantly longer lifespans. This is especially true for elevated lights
which require extra time to replace. These lights convert energy into light at a greater efficiency, they also
emit less waste heat into building interiors, reducing cooling loads. The proposed equipment is found on
the Design Lights Consortium {DLC)6 and Energy Star {ES)7 Qualified Product Lists, meaning that it meets
premium quality standards and qualifies for SDG&E lighting upgrade incentives8 (when applicable).
In some cases, implementing a measure would trigger the 2016 Title 24 California Building Standards Code
(Title 24)9, thus requiring additional Title 24 compliant controls. It is proposed that the luminaires and areas
which trigger Title 24 feature occupancy based dimming controls that reduce light levels when the space is
(
unoccupied.
Refer to the Appendices for details on the existing and proposed equipment quantities and facility location.
4 Device that, dependent on the degree of illumination, generates an electric current that determines when the lights are turned on or off.
5 CPUC, Datab1se of Energy Efficiency Resources {DEER) Workpapers. Available at: http://deeresources.net/workpapers
6 DLC, "Qualified Products List", December 2017. Available on: https://www.designlights.org/search/
7 EnergyStar, "Qualified Products List", December 2017. Available on: https://www.energystar.gov/productfinder/
8 SDG&E, "Business Energy Efficiency Rebate Program". Available at: https://www.sdge.com/rebates-finder/2017-energy-efficiency-rebate-
program
9 CEC, "Building Energy Efficiency Standards for Residential and Nonresidential Buildings", Title 24, part 6, and associated administrative regulations
in part 1. 2016. Available at: http://www.energy.ca.gov/2015pub1ications/CEC-400-2015-037 /CEC-400-2015-037-CMF.pdf
10
June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 20 of 38
("'city of
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4.1.5 EEM 5-Retrofit Existing Fluorescent Troffers with New Equivalent LED Retrofit Kits
On-Bill Savings ~U Program Savings
i Elecmc ~Natural I ~lectrtc !Natura! I [ 1
1 ProJect Eleclnc1ty I Demand Gas Elecmc1tv Demand I Gas I Annual Ut1l1ty I Potential Utility lmplementation
EE Measure Facihty Qty Savings I Savings I Cost Savings Incentive I Redurnon Savings Reduction Savings I I Cost
Net
Implementation
Cost
Net
Simple
Payback
r----(S-1 --rc;i-(kWh/yr) I (kW) ~r) [ (kWh/yr) I (kW) ~! ($/yr) j (SJ . I (SJ
SC 497 13S,849 20.93 -684.07 67,812 19.25 -349.27 27,177.35 12,425.00 136,226.51 $ 123,801.51 4.6
STC 372 23,401 4.01 673.81 12,884 3.94 -46.75 5,976.07 9,300.00 88,194.58 78,894.58 13.2
EEM-5:
LED Troffers FMC 50 8,515 1.51 -10.80 5,221 1.51 -6.61 1,800.71 1,250.00 13,400.66 12,150.66 6.7
FS5 71 19,288 1.46 -202.51 5,221 1.51 -6.61 3,871.13 1,775.00 $ 19,964.52 $ 18,189.52 4.7
TOTAL 990 187,053 27.91 -223.57 91,138 26.21 -409.24 $ 38,825.27 24,750.00 $ 257,786.27 $ 233,036.27 6.0
Table 6: EEM-5 Energy and Cost Summary
This measure accounts for the retrofit of (990) fluorescent recessed and surface mounted trotters with new
LED retrofit kits. The fixture codes included under this measure are shown below and are described in the
Appendices. This measure is currently eligible for incentives under SDG&E midstream incentive type "LED
A-lamp"14.
--~----------------------------------------
F22RT-2x2
F22SM-1x2
F41SM-1x4
EEM-5 -Applicable Fixture Codes
F42RT-1x4
F42RT-2x4
F42SM-1x4
F42SM-1x4-WL
F42SM-2x4
F42SM-VP-1x4
F43RT-2x4
F44RT-2x4
4.1.6 EEM 6 -Replace and Retrofit Existing Fixtures and Lamps that Are not Eligible for
Incentives with New Equivalent LED Fixtures, Retrofit Kits, and Lamps
_______ ' __ On-Billsavlngs ___ -1----JOUProgramSavings. __ _ ____ ------------___________ _
F i Electricity I Electric I Nacural ~lectnc,ty I Electric I Natural r Annual Ut,lltv Potential Utility r Project F Net r Net
I Demand Gas I Demand I Gas . , Implementation Implementation Simple asure Facility Qty Savings d Savings Cost Savmgs Incentive I 1 Re uct1on Savings Reduction Savings Cost Cost Payback
: : (kWh/yr) I (kW) I (lhm/yr) r (kWh/yr) I (kW) (thm/yr) [($!yr) I (SJ I (SJ I ($) -[(yr)
SC 316 37,644 5.80 -202.22 0 0.00 0.00 7,283.95 25,401.52 25,401.52 3.5
EEM-6: STC 46 0 0.00 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 0.0
LED Non-
lncentivizab[e FMC 34 8,541 1.79 0.00 0 0.00 0.00 1,775.05 11,883.40 11,883.40 6.7
Miscellaneous FS5 98 11,315 1.06 ·32.26 0 0.00 0.00 $ 2,328.63 $ 14,596.30 14,596.30 6.3
TOTAL 494 57,500 8.65 -234.48 o 0.00 0.00 $ 11,387.62 $ $ 51,881.22 $ 51,881.22 4.6
Table 7: EEM-6 Energy and Cost Summary
This measure accounts for the replacement and retrofit of (418) fluorescent, halogen, and HID fixtures and
lamps with new equivalent LED luminaires, LED retrofit kits, and LED lamps. The measure, for inventory
purposes, also includes the (76) LED fixtures that are already in place in the facilities, such as the STC parking
luminaires. No changes are proposed for these existing LED fixtures and lamps. rhe fixture codes included
under this measure are shown below and are described in the Appendices. This measure is not eligible for
incentives.
14 SDG&E, "SDG&E's Business Energy Solutions Program". Available at: https://www.sdge.com/busines5/sdge5-business-energy-so1utions-program
13
June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 23 of 38
5 Description of the I DSM-Focused Microgrid Capabilities
{"city of
Carlsbad
A total Joss of power at the Carlsbad Public Safety and Service Complex could be dangerous for the whole
City. In case of an emergency it is key that these critical facilities stay powered so that the citizens of the
City of Carlsbad receive the help they may need. This requirement, added to the City's desire to use cleaner,
safer, and more reliable power for their critical facilities within the 20-acre emergency services complex,
increases the need of implementing the I DSM-Focused Microgrid presented in this study.
The City of Carlsbad, like the majority of other government agencies when providing critical services,
currently relies heavily on diesel power generation as a backup energy source to power critical emergency
response functions, which are increasingly jeopardized by major power outages. Advances in Distributed
Energy Resources (DER) have expanded the options for backup and emergency power generation. The
capabilities and costs of renewable distributed generation technologies, combined with electricity storage
and microgrid enabling technologies, are becoming attractive to agencies focused on resiliency. These
technologies are potentially more flexible and less expensive than traditional diesel backup solutions and
mitigate the environmental impacts of diesel generation.
Volatile weather and natural disasters may cause long-term power outages of hours, days, and weeks.
These outages cost millions of dollars and put lives at risk. By deploying clean distributed generation
technologies, the City is bolstering energy security and resiliency at essential facilities, as well as avoiding
costly, life threatening, and critical interruptions during local and regional disasters.
5.1 Selection of Distributed Energy Resources
A thorough technical and economic analysis to select the CESAM DER has been performed. The DER, in
coordination with the utility grid (i.e., SDG&E), would ensure that the !DSM-Focused Microgrid stays
operational at all times. Selecting the DER took into account the possible natural hazards described in
Section 3.2 that may occur in close proximity to the CESAM . Section 5.1.1 presents the DER that have been
analyzed but that have finally not been selected to be part of CESAM. Section 5.1.2 describes the DER that
have been selected to be part of the proposed I DSM-Focused Microgrid, as well as the role they would play
in it.
5.1.1 DER Analyzed but not Selected to Be Part of the I DSM-Focused Microgrid
• Fuel Cells: Fuel cells (fueled by either natural gas or hydrogen) are more efficient than diesel or gas
engines and low emission levels. Hydrogen fuel cells, for example, can eliminate pollution caused by
burning fossil fuels because the only by-product at point of use for a hydrogen fuel cell is water. If the
hydrogen used comes from the electrolysis of water driven by renewable energy, then using fuel cells
eliminates GHG emissions entirely. Higher temperature fuel cells produce high-grade process heat
along with electricity and are well suited for cogeneration applications. Conversely, due to their
mechanical limitations (mostly related to fuel delivery) fuel cells are slow to adjust to sudden increases
in power demands, which can result in unacceptable temporary power shortfalls. A fuel cell can have
better pay back than a generator if there is a big thermal load in place, which is not the case of CESAM.
17
June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 27 of 38
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• Wind Power: According to the most recent numbers compiled by the CEC, wind accounts for 36% of
generation from renewable facilities (the most in the state, edging out solar)18; however, the HOMER
Pro analysis results show that wind resources in the City of Carlsbad are not sufficient enough for wind
turbines. Wind data from the National Renewable Energy Laboratory (NREL) built-in in HOMER Pro has
been used to analyze this scenario.
• Biodiesel Backup Generators: Biodiesel is simple to use, biodegradable, nontoxic, and essentially free
of sulfur and aromatics. It's safer to handle and has virtually the same energy efficiency as petroleum
diesel. In addition, it has lubricity benefits that fossil fuels do not. However, B100 (100% renewable
biodiesel) gets slushy at temperatures under 32°F. In other words, it has a higher gel point that could
compromise its use in winter. The option of using the biodiesel generator would be too expensive and
not reliable enough to implement.
• Biagas Backup Generators: Biagas is a renewable and clean source of energy. Gas generated through
biodigestion is non~polluting. This process results in no combustion, resulting in no GHG emissions
being released into the atmosphere; using landfill gas as a form of energy production could be
considered a means to combat climate change.
The City of Carlsbad generates biogas in its Encina Waste Water Treatment Plant but all of the gas is
used on-site to generate power for the plant. Even though using a biogas generator would be a great
way to both reduce GHG emissions and use a 100% renewable generation source, the biogas could not
be procured by the City. Therefore, this DER is infeasible to implement.
5.1.2 DER Analyzed and Selected to be Part of the I DSM-Focused Microgrid
To increase the reliability and resilience of both the system and the overall grid, the !DSM-Focused
Microgrid has been designed to have three different lines of defense. In case of an emergency, these lines
of defense would be triggered sequentially based on the duration of the outage experienced. This section
introduces the DER that would be included as part of the I DSM-Focused Microgrid, as well as when they
would be enlisted.
• Demand Response: The proposed advanced microgrid controller, in coordination with the other
proposed CESAM DER explained below, would allow the City to play a significant role in the
operation of the electric grid by reducing or shifting the Public Safety and Service Complex
electricity usage during peak periods. In other words, the !DSM-Focused Microgrid would be a
resource that SDG&E could have for balancing the overall grid's supply and demand. When needed,
a demand response event could be triggered through the controller and CESAM would operate as
if an outage or emergency had occurred by activating its three lines of defense seq_uentially.
• Battery Energy Storage System (BESS): A 1 MW/1 MWh battery energy storage system with grid forming
capabilities would be installed at the STC. The BESS, in coordination with the solar PV, would form the
first line of CESAM's defense. This first line of defense would allow the advanced Microgrid to island
for an average of seven hours on a fully charged battery in the absence of solar PV production. The
18 CEC, "Renewable Energy-Overview," 2017. Available at: http://www.energy.ca.gov/renewables/tracking_progress/documents/renewable.pdf
18
June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 28 of 38
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Microgrid could be supported for up to 12 hours (and for a minimum of four hours) with solar PV and
BESS combined. The average outage duration the City of Carlsbad has experienced over the last 10
years is 2.7 hours19. Therefore, CESAM would be capable of islanded operation using only (i.e., 100%)
renewable energy in almost all emergency situations.
• Solar PV Power: 850 KW solar PV would be installed at CESAM. This folar PV system, which as stated
above would be part of the first line of defense, would be divided into 3 rooftop arrays located on the
STC (existing), SC, and OC.
• Vehicle-Grid-Integration (VGI): Ten dual EV charging stations would be installed at the OC. The City of
Carlsbad currently maintains a fleet of more than 250 diesel vehicles at the FMC and uses 99%
renewable biodiesel to fuel most of them. The addition of EVs would be an important contribution to
the City's Energy Roadmap20 and Climate Action Plan21 goals for greening their fleet. The EV charging
stations would be not powered in case of an emergency so as to reduce the overall CESAM load.
· • Natural Gas Generator: The second line of defense would consist of adding a 200 KW natural gas
generator to the solar PV system and BESS. By adding this small generator to the mix, CESAM would be
able to operate during an emergency for up to 10 days islanded from the utility grid.
• Emergency Backup Generators: CESAM would reuse the three existing standby generators for
emergencies that last more than 10 days (on average) to provide backup during outages as a tertiary
generation asset to the Microgrid. This third level of defense would ensure that, in the worst-case
scenario, with just a small natural gas generator, low solar PV generation, and the existing emergency
backup generators, the Microgrid load would be satisfied.
Figure 21 graphically illustrates the connection of the CESAM loads and assets to the new nearest building-
level low voltage switchgear. The proposed solution would be able to integrate future changes or expansion
of the advanced Microgrid (e .g., additional buildings, additional generation assets, etc.). Each of these
switchgears would be connected to a new medium voltage bus (through a medium voltage transformer)
that would run parallel to the SDG&E underground distribution line currently feeding the emergency
services facilities. Refer to the Appendices for more details.
The main advantage of having a common bus to all loads is that, instead of having to meet six different
peak loads, CESAM would only have to meet a total combined peak load, which would be smaller than the
suml)1ation of these six individual peak loads. Additionally, the ability to share the DER among the loads in
the Microgrid would allow for the use of a variety of DER, which due to obvious space constraints, could
not be installed in certain areas. Connecting all the loads to the common feeder would solve this issue and
enhance the I DSM-Focused Microgrid performance.
19 CPUC, "SDG&E's Electric System Reliability Annual Report", 2016. Available at:
ftp://ftp.cpuc.ca.gov/ElecReliabilityAnnua1Reports/2016/SDGE_2016_Reliability_Annual_Report.pdf
20 SAN DAG, "City of Carlsbad Energy Roadmap," 2014. Available at: http://www.sandag.org/index.asp?projectid=373&fuseaction=projects.detail
21 City of Carlsbad, "Climate Action Plan", 2015. Available at: http://www.carlsbadca.gov/civicax/filebank/blobdload.aspx?Blob1D=29361
19
June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 29 of 38
{city of
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Grid Parallel (Normal Operation) Mode: During normal operation, all of the isolation switches on the
secondary distribution system would remain closed. The distribution would operate within the SDG&E
system, as it presently does. CESAM would also be served by the solar PV and BESS.
Island (Emergency Operation) Mode: If an unplanned loss of all utility power occurs due to transmission
failure or other major event, or if SDG&E triggers a demand response event, CESAM operations would have
the following resp~nses:
• The microgrid isolation reclosers would immediately open to electrically isolate the Microgrid from the
utility grid (SDG&E).
• The BESS would switch from current source operation to becoming a grid forming voltage and
frequency source and serve the loads of the Microgrid.
• The EV charging station loads would be shed from the Microgrid.
• After 5 minutes of stable Microgrid operation, the solar PV system would be permitted to start and
would ramp up, at a rate not to exceed 10 kW/minute. The maximum PV output during islanded
operation would be automatically limited to the BESS charging rate plus the Microgrid load.
• If the BESS battery voltage fell to less than 90% of its normal voltage, or if the calculated battery ca pa city
falls to less than 40% of full charge, the 200 KW natural gas generator (2nd line of defense) would start
and synchronize with the bus. The generator would assume the Microgrid load and become the voltage
and frequency reference for the solar PV system.
• Once the Microgrid load has been transferred to the natural gas generator, the BESS inverter would
switch to charging mode and would recharge the batteries. Charge rate should be set to limit the
maximum load not exceed 90% of the combined generator rating (180 kW).
• Only if the battery reaches 80% charge level would the BESS resume primary power and the natural
gas generator would be shut down.
• In case of an extended outage (i.e., if the BESS battery voltage falls again to less than 90% of its normal
voltage, or if the calculated battery capacity falls again to less than 40 % of full charge), the existing
backup generator automatic transfer switches (ATS) of the SC, FMC, and FSS buildings would switch
and these buildings would start to run on their existing diesel generators of 300 KW, 40 KW, and 35
KW, respectively. The remaining CESAM loads would stay connected to the bus and continue to be
served by the solar PV, BESS, and the natural gas generator.
• Upon return of utility voltage and frequency, a five-minute delay would be initiated per IEEE-
154723. Following the delay, the Microgrid generation would adjust the bus voltage and frequency to
synchronize with the utility, and the Microgrid isolation reclosers would close. The BESS would then
switch from voltage and frequency mode to current source mode and function according to its time of
day grid parallel operational expectations.
23 Standard of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers (IEEE) meantto provide a set of criteria and requirements for the interconnection
of distributed generation resources into the power grid.
22
June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 32 of 38
{city of
Carlsbad
• Environmental Benefits: The Microgrid would enable the City of Carlsbad to meet all the electricity
needs of the Public Safety and Service Complex by generating almost half of their own power when
operating in grid-parallel mode and 100% of their power (all renewable) when islanded from the utility
grid during an emergency or outage.
• Economic Benefits: The Microgrid features with the largest economic benefits are the combination of
DER integrated, the mixture of loads (i.e., critical or non-critical), and the capability of seamless transfer
to island mode32 . CESAM's design characteristics would allow the desired automatic optimization of
generation and load assets, combined with the incorporation of real-time metering and preplanned
prioritizing of loads. If the third line of defense needed to be triggered during an emergency event, the
most critical loads would be served, allowing the !DSM-Focused Microgrid to reduce its energy
consumption and load demand, therefore decreasing the burden on the local distribution system and
reducing costs.
For a municipality reliant on public funds to support their operations, any cost savings to the City is a
reduction to local taxpayers. Creating more resilient infrastructure at the Carlsbad Public Safety and
Service Complex would result in a positive economic impact to the City.
• Emergency Demand Response Benefits: The I DSM-Focused Microgrid would enhance the City's ability
to provide continued support during natural disasters. In 2014, the Poinsettia Fire was the second most
destructive wildfire in the region33. This fire caused property damage estimated at $22.5 million and
one reported fatality. During the 2014 firestorm, this site served as the Regional Command Post for a
multi-jurisdictional response. During this and similar emergencies, the City of Carlsbad supported local
and regional citizens via evacuation assistance, provision of emergency lodging, and engineering
support. CESAM would be able to operate islanded from the main grid for as long as necessary to
provide local and regional public safety response se(vices.
• Additional Local Community Support: In 2015, the CEC organized a public stakeholder survey with the
purpose of gathering information about issues that could support further commercialization of
microgrids and challenges the microgrid community encounters, with a specific focus on technology
development, cost, codes, and standards34. One of the study conclusions was that ratepayers strongly
want more information available on microgrids to help electric system operators, planners, and the
public understand the value (tangible and intangible) microgrids provide. If the CESAM project is
implemented, the lessons learned could be presented in conferences and workshops.
32 Asmus, P. (2012, July 26). Quantifying the Benefits of Microgrids. Retrieved from Navigant Research. Available at:
https://www.navigantresearch.com/blog/quantifying-the-benefits-of-microgrids
33 "Poinsettia Fire", Wikipedia. Available at: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Poinsettia_Fire
34 California Energy Commission. (2015). Microgrid Asse;sment and Recommendation(s) to Guide Future Investments. Available at:
http://www.energy.ca.gov/2015publications/CEC-500-2015-071/CEC-500-2015-071.pdf
26
June 12, 2018 Item #15 Page 36 of 38
Agenda item # 15, Microgrid Feasibility
Study for Carlsbad Safety and Service
Center Complex
Mike Grim, CAP Administrator
June 12, 2018
Climate Action Plan
•Reduce GHG emissions from city operations
–Increase energy efficiency in buildings
–Provide more renewable energy
–Provide electric vehicle charging stations
Why Use a Microgrid?
•Reliability and resiliency
•Energy cost savings
•Greenhouse gas emissions reductions
Microgrid design
Utility Grid
Energy
Generation
Energy
Usage
Energy
Storage
Microgrid Feasibility Study
•Study preparations began in February 2017
•Included multiple city divisions
•Part of SANDAG Energy Roadmap services
•Concurrent application for California Energy
Commission grant opportunity
•Study completed March 2018
Microgrid Capabilities
JJ-1 line of defense om (up to 12
hours (minimum of 4 Murs) of
J~andfng tapabll~y)
3ni. une of defense DEIR
(indefinite l,tand!ng capability)
Energy Efficiency Me11sure$
Proposed for the bun dins
Building controlled by a, 8uilding
Management System (8MS)
Benefits and Costs
* Renewables resources for half the state’s electricity, CEC, 2015
Improved Energy Resiliency & Reliability
~ Improved Cybersecuri'ty
~ Support Clean Energy Market Transformation
~ Show City's Commitment to the CEC* 2030 climate and energy goals
~ Additional Community & Societal Benefits
Many project financing solutions ~ Many design alternatives to reduce cost
Thank you