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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2020-10-15; Clean Energy Alliance JPA; ; Clean Energy Alliance Operational, Administrative and Regulatory Affairs UpdateClean Energy Alliance JOINT POWERS AUTHORITY Staff Report DATE: October 15, 2020 TO: Clean Energy Alliance Board of Directors FROM: Barbara Boswell, Interim Chief Executive Officer ITEM 2: Clean Energy Alliance Operational, Administrative and Regulatory Affairs Update RECOMMENDATION: 1)Receive and File Community Choice Aggregation Update Report from Interim CEO. 2)Receive Community Choice Aggregation Regulatory Affairs Report from Special Counsel. BACKGROUND AND DISCUSSION: This report provides an update to the Clean Energy Alliance (CEA) Board regarding the status of the operational, administrative and regulatory affairs activities. OPERATIONAL UPDATE CEA is meeting its milestones for the implementation of its community choice aggregation (CCA) program and is on track to begin serving customers in May 2021/June 2021. (Attachment A - Clean Energy Alliance Timeline of Implementation Action Items). CEA Launch Schedule San Diego Gas & Electric (SDG&E) has been working over the past several years on their Customer Information System replacement program, known as Envision. They had committed to, and were on track, for a January 4, 2021 go live, despite the challenges of working remote in the COVID-19 environment. With a January 2021 go live, SDG&E committed to supporting the CEA launch of May 2021. On Friday July 10, CEA staff, its regulatory attorney Ty Tosdal and data manager Calpine Energy Solutions participated in a call with San Diego Community Power and SDG&E regarding the recently approved California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) Decision D. 20-06-003, which requires the Investor Owned Utilities (IOU) to adopt rules and policy changes designed to reduce the number of residential disconnections, provide assistance with debt forgiveness and offer extended payment plans. The decision is required to be implemented by the IOUs April 2021. This timing has presented a challenge to SDG&E to keep its go live date of January 4, 2021 while also meeting the requirements of the decision. SDG&E submitted a letter to the CPUC requesting an extension to September 30, 2021, for implementing the new procedures and policies required by the decision. This request was denied by the CPUC, resulting in SDG&E postponing implementation of its Envision project to April 2021. CEA and its consultants have been working diligently with SDG&E to develop a launch schedule that minimized impact to CEA while also minimizing the risk of incorrect bills being sent to customers. SDG&E has proposed a two-phased schedule with accounts transitioning to CEA in May and June 2021. May 2021 Phase 1 would include the transition of Solana Energy Alliance customers to CEA as well as customers who do not have complex billing plans in Carlsbad and Del Mar. Those customers who have been identified with complex billing plans would transition in June 2021. CEA is working with its consultants, Pacific Energy Advisors and Calpine Energy Solutions to evaluate the impact of this two- phased approach from an operational and financial perspective. Preliminary analysis indicates that the October 15, 2020 Operational & Regulatory Update Page 2 of 4 proposed phasing does not have a material impact from a financial perspective. Staff continues to work with Calpine and SDG&E to fine tune the customer list for each phase. Staff anticipates providing the Board with an updated pro forma reflecting this new phased approach, as well as updated rates related to the SDG&E ERRA Rate Proceeding at the November Board meeting. The CEA Board is being asked to authorize the Interim Chief Executive Officer to execute a letter agreement with SDG&E for the two-phased implementation at today's meeting. Expansion of Clean Energy Alliance Staff has no update regarding CEA expansion. Resource Adequacy Compliance As a load serving entity, serving customers in 2021, CEA has an obligation to procure Resource Adequacy (RA), based on quantities allocated by CPUC and California Independent System Operator (CAISO). RA procurements does not supply any energy to CEA or its customers, rather it commits the seller to be available to supply energy to the grid if called upon by the CAISO and reduce the possibility of outages. This process is key to ensuring grid reliability. The RA compliance requirements, CEA has monthly and annual reporting requirements. Upcoming reporting requirements are: •Year-Ahead Compliance Demonstration — October 31, 2020 o Must demonstrate CEA has entered into contracts to meet CPUC requirements •Monthly RA Compliance Reports begin in November 2020 (for January 2021 requirements) CEA has been working diligently towards meeting CEA's Resource Adequacy procurement requirements that must be reported by October 31, 2020 and expects to be compliant with requirements. Long-Term Renewable Procurement As a load serving entity, CEA will be required to procure 65% of its minimum state required renewable portfolio standards in contracts of 10-years or longer. To ensure compliance with this requirement, CEA's initial renewable energy solicitation is underway. The solicitation process, from beginning through final execution can be lengthy, particularly in light of the impacts of COVID-19 on the renewable development industry. The solicitation opened on July 1, 2020 with proposals due July 27, 2020. CEA's consultant, Pacific Energy Advisors, has identified a short list of projects and negotiations are proceeding. It is anticipated final contracts will be before the Board in late 2020/early 2021. Administrative and Operational Policies During the coming months as CEA prepares for its implementation and operation, policies will be brought to the Board for consideration in future Board meetings. The policies as proposed will be based on Government Code or regulatory requirements and best practices of successfully operational CCAs. The policies and timeline as currently anticipated are: November 19 Board Meeting •Energy Risk Management Policy Approval •January 21 Board Meeting •Investment Policy October 15, 2020 Operational & Regulatory Update Page 3 of 4 Contracts $50,000 - $100,000 entered into by Interim Chief Executive Officer VENDOR DESCRIPTION AMOUNT None to report REGULATORY UPDATE San Diego Gas & Electric Advice Letter 3605-E Requesting Approval of System Reliability Contracts CEA filed a protest of the San Diego Gas & Electric Advice Letter 3605-E, Requesting Approval of System Reliability Contracts. The basis of the protest was related to SDG&E's procurement of long-term resources without taking into account the departing load related to CEA's implementation. CEA's customers would carry the burden of the costs of these long-term contracts. The protest is consistent with the adopted 2020 CEA Legislative and Regulatory Policy Platform that established that CEA would support regulatory actions that jeopardize CEA's ability to self-procure. The necessity to submit the protest came up after the last CEA Board meeting and prior to the October meeting. The filing of the protest was completed in consultation with the CEA Board Chair. San Diego Gas & Electric Advice Letter 3257-E, Regarding CCA Financial Security Requirement At its October 8, 2020 meeting, the CPUC adopted its Resolution 5059, approving SDG&E's Advice Letter (AL) 3257-E regarding the CCA Financial Security Requirement. Currently, CCAs were required to post a $100,000 "bond" (in CEA's case a cash deposit) to provide funds to cover SDG&E costs should CEA have an unplanned termination of service and return to customers to SDG&E service. SDG&E's AL 3257-E implements new rules concerning the deposits, which, among other things, establishes a minimum amount of $147,000, and provides the ability to satisfy the requirement with the option of a letter of credit, surety bond, or cash deposit held in escrow by a third party commercial bank. CEA will be required to fulfill the new requirements by December 7, 2020, and file an Advice Letter with the CPUC confirming that it has satisfied the requirement. Staff has begun working on options to determine the best course of action, and will provide a recommendation to the Board at its November Board meeting. Attached is a regulatory report from Ty Tosdal, Special Counsel, providing a summary of key regulatory proceedings (Attachment B - Tosdal APC Energy Regulatory Update). FISCAL IMPACT There is no fiscal impact by this action. ATTACHMENTS: Attachment A - Clean Energy Alliance Timeline of Implementation Action Items Attachment B —Tosdal APC Regulatory Update October 15, 2020 Operational & Regulatory Update Page 4 of 4 Attachment A Clean Energy Alliance Timeline of Action Items CCA Program Related Timing Description 3rd Qtr 10 4th Qtr '20 1st Qtr '21 Apr-21 May-21 Jun-21 Jul-21 9/1120 Marketing/Customer Outreach Plan Development & Kickoff 9/17/20 Bid Evaluation and Criteria Scoring System 9/17/20 Award Scheduling Coordinator Services Complete Introduce/Adopt Energy Risk Ma nagement Policy 10/15 & 11/19 10/15/20 Records Retention Policy System Testing with SDG&E Set up Call Center/Scripting/IVR Recordings 11119/20 Credit Solution 12/17/20 CEA Default Products/programs/renewable energy policies 1/1/21 Create Customer Pre- a nd Post-Enrollment Notices 1121/21 investment Policy 2/1/21 Rate Setting 3/1/21 Customer Noticing 5/1/21 Launch - 2 phases May &June 2021 Key: Board Actions/Activity Staff/Consultant Activity Marketing/Customer Outreach CC_A Launch Attachment B T SDAL ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL LAW ENERGY REGULATORY UPDATE To: Barbara Boswell, Interim Executive Officer, Clean Energy Alliance From: Ty Tosdal, Regulatory Counsel, Tosdal APC Re: Energy Regulatory Update Date: October 8, 2020 The energy regulatory update summarizes important decisions, orders, notices and other developments that have occurred at the California Public Utilities Commission ("Commission") and that may affect Clean Energy Alliance ("CEA"). The summary presented here describes high priority developments and is not an exhaustive list of the regulatory proceedings that are currently being monitored or the subject of active engagement by CEA. In addition to the proceedings discussed below, Tosdal APC monitors a number of other regulatory proceedings as well as related activity by San Diego Gas & Electric ("SDG&E") and other Investor-Owned Utilities ("IOUs"). 1. SDG&E PCIA Trigger Application (A. 20-07-009) SDG&E filed with the CPUC an update to their PCIA undercollection balancing account (CAPBA) as directed by a September 18, 2020 All Ruling. SDG&E's CAPBA update is in Attachment A of this report. SDG&E states that nothing has occurred since their filing of the PCIA Trigger Application in July that would necessitate a change in the CAPBA balance amount. The PABA is a rolling true-up between the forecasted components of the Indifference Amount used to set the PCIA rates and the actual costs and revenues SDG&E experiences during the year. As SDG&E explained at the August 27 prehearing conference, amortizing the recovery of the CAPBA undercollection from departing load customers for a period extending beyond 2020 creates logistical issues with respect to tracking, accounting and reimbursement that are unique to SDG&E. These "logistical issues" refer to the administrative difficulties that will occur due to CEA and SDCP launching service in early 2021 (with SDCP initiating service in several phases), as well as the re-opening of Direct Access (DA) in January of 2021. The combination of the large number of departing accounts and the unpredictability of how many customers will depart at various times throughout 2021, along with the fact that these load departures will take place after rates have been implemented on January 1, increases SDG&E's accounting complexities. In order to accurately track, account for and issue reimbursements for the CAPBA balance, SDG&E would need to have a system that tracks the CAPBA balance at the individual customer level. However, SDG&E does not have CAPBA balances recorded at a customer 1 Attachment B T SDAL ENERGY 8, ENVIRONMENTAL LAW level; it only records CAPBA balances by vintage. SDG&E states they may be able to accommodate an amortization period that extends beyond 2020 provided that bundled customers who depart during the amortization period agree to forfeit the remainder of their CAPBA refund. 2.SDG&E ERRA Forecast Proceeding (A. 20-04-014) CEA and SDPC's counsel submitted to the CPUC a joint Opening Brief on September 25, 2020 which makes several requests of SDG&E. The Opening Brief is in Attachment A. First, the brief asks the Commission to require SDG&E to provide a greater level of transparency through substantially more detailed information regarding actual and forecasted PABA balances, and the background information and testimony that make up the components of the PABA calculations. Second, the CCAs request that SDG&E correct an erroneous calculation of its Total Indifference Amount. SDG&E has already acknowledged this approximate $84.5 million mistake and has committed to correcting it prior to the November 2021 PABA revenue requirement forecast. If this calculation had been done correctly, following Commission guidance to include RA and RPS sales revenue as an offset to CRS Eligible Portfolio Costs, then SDG&E's forecasted Indifference Amount would decrease by $49.2 million for RA sales and $35.3 million for RPS sales, for a total reduction of $84.5 million. Third, SDG&E's proposal to calculate the PCIA rate cap based on rates approved in the CAPBA Trigger application would undercut the Commission's clear policy preference to avoid rate shock for unbundled customers. If cap methodology is approved, it would result in capped rates that are more than three times what the capped rate would otherwise be. The CCAs ask that SDG&E rate cap methodology proposal is rejected. Lastly, the CCAs request that the Commission conduct further review and clarification of SDG&E's Green Tariff Shared Renewables (GTSR) program, which is in direct competition with CCAs. Further review is needed because SDG&E has provided little to no information on the justification for its GTSR rate forecasts and customer consumption estimates. More detail on GTSP rates must be provided in this and future ERRA proceedings. SDG&E's cooperation and transparency will be necessary to ensure that intervenors in this proceeding have adequate time to analyze the data and to ensure that the PABA balance SDG&E presents in the November Update is accurate and based on reasonable assumptions. 3.Direct Access Expansion (R. 19-03-009) Phase 1 of the expansion (or "re-opening") of non-residential Direct Access (DA) will begin on January 1, 2021 with an additional 4,000 GWh opening up for DA providers, per the requirement of SB 237. On September 28, 2020 the CPUC Energy Division released a "Staff Report Providing Recommendations on the Schedule to Reopen Direct Access" (Staff Report) 2 Attachment B T SDAL ENERGY 8 ENVIRONMENTAL LAW to inform the Legislature on issues concerning the additional expansion of the DA program (Phase 2). The Staff Report is in Attachment A. The Staff Report makes multiple recommendations regarding pre-requisites to any further expansion of DA. Most notably, the report recommends that Direct Access NOT be reopened until at least 2024, after the next IRP Compliance Period. Ongoing lack of transparency and poor compliance by a number of DA providers (Energy Service Providers) creates load uncertainly for both CCAs and IOUs. The report calls out the numerous compliance citations, penalties and reporting shortcomings of these ESPs and how the lack of transparency is detrimental to the planning and procurement activities of CCAs. Additionally, because most ESPs procure the minimum amount of mandated renewable energy, (as opposed to CCAs and IOUs that consistently exceed minimum RPS requirements) the expansion of DA may have a negative effect on state-wide criteria air pollutant and GHG reduction goals. The Staff Report calls for DA providers' compliance with IRP, RA and RPS requirements prior to any further expansion of the program. Reopening DA would allow nearly two-thirds of existing non-residential load, including load that has recently migrated to CCA service, to freely migrate between IOU, ESP and CCA service. The report cites The Customer Choice Project, which found that a central procurement entity that procures on behalf of all load-serving entities may resolve some of the procurement challenges caused load migration, since central procurement would be indifferent to which load- serving entity is serving load. In addition, the Staff Report includes a recommendation of setting an initial re-opening schedule in increments equal to 10 percent of eligible non-residential load per year. 4.Integrated Resources Planning (R. 20-05-003) CEA and SDCP submitted a Joint Protest (in Attachment A) to SDG&E's Advice Letter 3605-E on October 1, 2020. The protest is centered on SDG&E request to procure expensive, long-term energy contracts despite knowing that 60% of their load will migrate to CCAs and DA by 2022. This overprocurement will lead to increased non-bypassable charges for CCA customers. The protest asks that the procurement requests be denied, or at the very least, CCAs be permitted to purchase SDG&E's excess procurement. 5.Disconnections and Reconnections (R. 18-07-005) The Joint IOUs submitted Advice Letter 3602-E in accordance with D. 20-06-003, the decision implementing the Arrearage Management Plan program (AMP). CalCCA filed a protest of AL 3602-E asking for clarification from the IOUs on (1) SDG&E's intent to render payments to CCAs forgiven amounts (2) the frequency of AMP data reporting to CCAs (3) when SDG&E will automate the AMP program. CalCCA's protest is in Attachment A. 3 T SDAL ENERGY 3 ENVIRONMENTAL LAW Attachment A 4 Expedited Application of San Diego Gas & Electric Company (U 902 E) Under the Power Charge Indifference Adjustment Account Trigger Mechanism. BEFORE THE .PU ;LIC UTILITIES COMMISSION OF TH STATE OF CALIFORNIA Application 20-07-009 (Filed on July 10, 2020) 1,•A 4t • •ON'Fit0 - FILED 10/01/20 04:59 PM 40 0%1E8 SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC COMPANY'S (U 902-E) UPDATE ON CAPBA BALANCE AND REPORT RE ACCOUNTING AND BILLING SYSTEM PURSUANT TO AL'S SEPTEMBER 18, 2020 RULING Roger A. Cerda San Diego Gas & Electric Company 8330 Century Park Court, CP32D San Diego, CA 92123 Telephone: (858) 654-1781 Facsimile: (619) 699-5027 Email: rcerda@sdge.com Attorney for: SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC COMPANY October 1, 2020 BEFORE THE PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA Expedited Application of San Diego Gas & Electric Company (U 902 E) Under the Power Charge Indifference Adjustment Account Trigger Mechanism. Application 20-07-009 (Filed on July 10, 2020) SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC COMPANY'S (U 902-E) UPDATE ON CAPBA BALANCE AND REPORT RE ACCOUNTING AND BILLING SYSTEMS PURSUANT TO AL'S SEPTEMBER 18, 2020 RULING I.INTRODUCTION Pursuant to the September 18, 2020 email ruling issued by the Administrative Law Judge ("ALF) in the above-captioned proceeding ("Ruling"), San Diego Gas & Electric Company ("SDG&E") hereby submits this report providing an update on its Power Charge Indifference Adjustment ("PCIA") undercollection balancing account ("CAPBA") balance, with the latest amount, including an explanation of any events that may have impacted that balance. In addition, as required by the AL's Ruling, SDG&E is also providing a more detailed explanation of "the limitations of its accounting and billing systems and how those limitations prevent it from collecting revenue in Calendar Year 2021 in order to bring the undcrcollection under seven percent." II.UPDATED CAPBA BALANCE Table 1 below shows SDG&E's recorded CAPBA data for January 2020 through August 2020 and presents, for illustrative purposes, its current forecast of the CAPBA balance for September 2020 through December 2020. CAPBA Monthly Summary ACTUAL January 31, 2020 ACTUAL February 29, 2020 ACTUAL March 31, 2020 ACTUAL April 30, 2020 ACTUAL May 31, 2020 ACTUAL June 30, 2020 ACTUAL July 31, 2020 ACTUAL August 31, 2020 FORECAST September 30, 2020 FORECAST October 31, 2020 FORECAST November 30, 2020 FORECAST December 31, 2020 TABLE 1: CAPBA BALANCES ($ in Millions) Beginning Balance Exceeding Cap for DL (Including , Interest) Ending Balance Calculated Trigger Percentage . 80.000 S0.000 $0.000 0.0% $0.000 S0.752 $0.752 2.7% $0.752 S0.737 $1.489 5.3% $1,489 S0.728 $2.218 7.9% $2.218 $0.741 $2.959 10.6% 82.959 $0.782 83.741 13.4% 83.741 $0.867 $4.608 16.5% $4.608 $0.883 $5.491 19.6% $5.491 $0.970 $6.461 23.1% $6.461 $0.866 $7.327 26.2% $7.327 $0.792 $8.120 29.0% $8.120 $0.801 $8.922 31.9% As presented in Table 1, SDG&E's CAPBA balance through August 31, 2020 is undercollected by $5.49 million, or 19.61%) Based on its forecasts and assumptions, SDG&E still expects the CAPBA undercollection to reach $8.92 million (or 32% of forecasted PCIA revenues of S28 million) by December 31, 2020. Since the filing of the PCIA Trigger Application in July, there have been no particular events that have impacted or affected the CAPBA balance. This is because SDG&E records monthly departed load under-collections to CAPBA based on forecasted authorized departed load Portfolio Allocation Balancing Account ("PABA") revenues that arc above the PCIA rate cap using electric seasonality factors. Since neither the forecasted authorized departed load SDG&E'S CAPBA balance for the period ending September 30, 2020 will not be available until approximately October 12, 2020 when SDG&E closes its September books. 2 PABA revenues that is above the PCIA rate cap or the electric seasonality factors have changed, there has been no material impact to SDG&E's forecast. Rather, for the most part, the CAPBA balance has continued to increase as SDG&E's forecasted it would. The only immaterial difference is in actual interest rates and forecasted interest rates. SDG&E'S ACCOUNTING AND BILLING SYSTEMS As SDG&E explained at the August 27 prehearing conference, amortizing the recovery of the CAPBA undercollection from Departing Load customers2 for a period extending beyond Calendar Year 2020 creates logistical issues with respect to tracking, accounting and reimbursement that are unique to SDG&E. To understand why that is, it is helpful to first explain the events that are expected to occur in Calendar Year 2021 with respect to new Departing Load customers in SDG&E's service territory. First, Direct Access ("DA") opens up in SDG&E's service territory on January 1, 2021 pursuant to D.19-05-043, which predetermined the number of non-residential megawatts ("MW") that will be departing from bundled service. However, it is unlikely that all of these DA customers will depart at the same time in 2021. Rather, their departures will likely occur on a rolling or staggered basis. Second, San Diego Community Power ("SDCP") is expected to depart a portion of their customers from bundled service throughout 2021.3 Finally, Clean 2 Departing Load customers include Direct Access, Community Choice Aggregation (CCA) and Green Tariff Shared Rcnevvables (GTSR) customers. The CCA that is currently established in SDG&E's service territory is Solana Energy Alliance. 3 San Diego Community Power Community Choice Aggregation Implementation Plan and Statement of Intent at p.17. 3 Energy Alliance ("CEA") is expected to depart all customer classes from bundled service throughout 2021.4 What this means is that a significant number of bundled load customers will be departing in staggered phases throughout 20215 — which of course would occur during any extended amortization period. When bundled customers begin to depart, they would necessarily stop receiving the refund for the CAPBA undercollection through commodity rates and would start paying the PCIA rate.6 It is the fact that these multiple departures are occurring after rates will have been implemented on January 1 that creates the logistical issues with respect to tracking, accounting and reimbursement. Moreover, SDG&E cannot change PCIA rates in the middle of the year because PCIA rates are established in the Energy Resource Recovery Account ("ERRA") Forecast (or CAPBA trigger) proceedings. A. Accounting & Billing System "Limitations" In order to accurately track, account for and issue reimbursements for the CAPBA balance, SDG&E would need to have a system that tracks the CAPBA balance at the individual customer level. However, SDG&E does not have CAPBA balances recorded at a customer level; it only records CAPBA balances by vintage. Furthermore, SDG&E does not develop rates at the customer level; rather rates are developed at either the class and vintage level (as is the case for PCIA rates) or at the rate schedule level (as is the case for commodity rates). These system 4 Clean Energy Alliance Community Choice Aggregation Implementation Plan and Statement of Intent at.p. 4. 5 SDG&E estimates this to be about half a million customers. 6 There is also a possibility that certain individual departing load customers return back to bundled service, which further complicates issues. 4 constraints make it nearly impossible to track, account for, and reimburse the CAPBA credits and refunds at a customer level. Moreover, tracking the individual customers who depart (or return) in Calendar Year 2021 during the extended amortization period and adjusting who gets a credit, who gets a refund, how much, etc. is extremely difficult and ultimately unsupported by SDG&E's legacy billing system or its new billing system (Envision), which is expected to go live in 2021. From a logistical perspective, SDG&E's billing system is not able to handle this as it would require tracking this movement on an individual customer level (which SDG&E estimates to be about half a million customers). Moreover, SDG&E's legacy billing system, and its new Envision billing project, can only support one PCTA rate per vintage and per customer class, and one bundled commodity rate for the applicable rate schedule. For example, SDG&E's billing system cannot include separate PC1A rates for CAPBA versus PCTA rates resulting from its ERRA Forecast Application. Rather, CAPBA's PCTA rates need to be additive to the ERRA Forecast Application's Pelf& rates in order to determine the total PCIA rate by vintage and by customer class. B. SDG&E's Proposed Solution SDG&E understands and appreciates the Commission's efforts to find a solution that would allow bundled customers to recover the CAPBA undercollection in Calendar Year 2021. To that end, SDG&E may be able to accommodate an amortization period that extends beyond Calendar Year 2020 provided that bundled customers who depart during the amortization period agree to forfeit the remainder of their CAPBA refund. Given the amount of the refund, SDG&E does not expect that the amount forfeited would be significant at an individual customer level. For example, as stated in SDG&E's application, under a 3 month amortization schedule a typical non-California Alternative Rates for Energy ("CARE") residential bundled customer in the 5 inland climate zone using 400 kilowatt hours ("kWh") is estimated to receive a monthly refund of roughly $0.94 per month from the CAPBA Trigger refund.7 SDG&E has considered whether it is possible to establish a credit for the amount to be forfeited. However, SDG&E is not able to establish a credit for the amount forfeited because there is no way SDG&E would be able to transfer any of the CAPBA undercollection refund to the 2020 or 2021 PCIA vintages to account for the numerous and staggering departure dates for Departing Load customers (as described above). This is because the 2021 vintage does not exist today, as it is established in the 2021 ERRA Forecast Application, and the number of 2020 or 2021 departing load vintage customers is not known and/or finalized. SDCP's implementation plan would enroll customers in phases throughout 2021 — and even then, after service cutover, customers will have approximately 60 days (two billing cycles) to opt-out of SDCP without penalty and return to SDG&E bundled service.8 Similarly, CEA will start enrollment in May 2021, but customers will have multiple opportunities to opt out and choose to remain full requirement ("bundled") customers of SDG&E, in which case they will not be enrolled.9 In addition, DA customers may not all depart at the same time in 2021. As discussed above, SDG&E cannot change PCIA rates in the middle of the year because PCIA rates are established in the ERRA Forecast (or CAPBA trigger) proceedings. 7 Under any extended amortization period beyond 3 months (e.g., a 12-month amortization schedule), the monthly refund bundled customers would receive would necessarily decrease. Actual savings would vary due to actual kWh usage by a customer and potential IOU pricing for the customer's applicable commodity rate schedule. San Diego Community Power Com2unity Choice Aggregation Implementation Plan and Statement of Intent at p. S. 9 Clean Energy Alliance Community Choice Aggregation Implementation Plan and Statement of Intent at p. 4. 6 IV. CONCLUSION SDG&E looks forward to working with the Commission and other parties to move this proceeding towards resolution. Respectfully submitted, /s/ _Roger A. Cerda Roger A. Cerda San Diego Gas & Electric Company 8330 Century Park Court, CP32D San Diego, CA 92123 Telephone: (858) 654-1781 Facsimile: (619) 699-5027 Email: rcerda@sdge.com Attorney for: SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC COMPANY October 1, 2020 7 BEFORE THE PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA FILED 09/25/20 04:59 PM Application of SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC COMPANY (U902E) for Approval of its 2021 Electric Procurement Revenue Requirement Forecasts and GHG Related Forecasts Application 20-04-014 OPENING BRIEF OF SAN DIEGO COMMUNITY POWER AND CLEAN ENERGY ALLIANCE Jacob Schlesinger Keyes & Fox LLP 1580 Lincoln St. Suite 880 Denver, CO 80203 Phone: (970) 531-2525 Email: jschlesinger@keyesfox.com Tim Lindl Keyes & Fox LLP 580 California Street, 12th Floor San Francisco, CA 94104 (510) 314-8385 E-mail: tlindl@keyesfox.eom Counsel to San Diego Community Power September 25, 2020 and Clean Energy Alliance SUBJECT MATTER INDEX I. INTRODUCTION 1 II. LEGAL STANDARD 2 III. BACKGROUND IV. DISCUSSION OF ISSUES IN SCOPING MEMO 7 C. Scoping Issue No. 3 — Whether the Commission should approve a 2021 Portfolio Allocation Balancing Account forecast revenue requirement of $373.828 million 7 1.The Commission Should Require SDG&E to Provide Significantly More Detail Regarding Actual PABA balances, Forecasted PABA Balances and The Underlying Data Required to Analyze Their Accuracy. 7 2.The Commission Cannot Approve SDG&E's 2021 PABA Forecasted Revenue Requirement of $373.828 Million Until SDG&E Corrects its Erroneous Calculation of the Total Indifference Amount. 11 I.Scoping Issue No. 9 — Whether the Commission Should Approve SDG&E's Proposed Vintage Power Charge Indifference Adjustment in Rates: Commission Approval of SDG&E's Vintage PCIA Rate Cap Proposal Would Run Contrary to Established Commission Policy. 12 J.Scoping Issue No. 10 — Whether the Commission Should Approve SDG&E's Proposed 2021 Rate Components for the Green Tariff Shared Renewables Program 16 V. CONCLUSION 19 SDCP and CEA Opening Brief TABLE OF AUTHORITIES Commission Decisions D.11-12-018 4, 5 D.12-12-030 3 D.15-01-051 2, 17 D.15-07-044 3 D.18-10-019 passim D.19-10-001 2, 4, 8 D.20-01-005 13 Commission Rules of Practice and Procedure Rule 13.11 1 Statutes Pub. Util. Code § 451 3 Pub. Util. Code §§ 366.2(0(2), (g) 2 SDCP and CEA Opening Brief BEFORE THE PUBLIC UTILITIES COMMISSION OF THE STATE OF CALIFORNIA Application of SAN DIEGO GAS & ELECTRIC COMPANY (U902E) for Approval of its 2021 Electric Procurement Revenue Requirement Forecasts and GHG Related Forecasts Application 20-04-014 OPENING BRIEF OF SAN DIEGO COMMUNITY POWER AND CLEAN ENERGY ALLIANCE Pursuant to Rule 13.11 of the Rules of Practice and Procedure of the California Public Utilities Commission ("Commission") and the July 6, 2020 Scoping Memo and Ruling setting the schedule for this proceeding, San Diego Community Power ("SDCP") and Clean Energy Alliance ("CEA"), hereby submit this Opening Brief regarding San Diego Gas and Electric Company's ("SDG&E") Application for Approval of its 2021 Electric Procurement Revenue Requirement Forecasts and GIIG Related Forecasts, submitted on April 15, 2020 ("Application"). This Opening Brief adheres to the common briefing outline requested by assigned Administrative Law Judge Wercinski and agreed upon by all parties; however, SDCP and CEA have omitted references to scoping ruling issues outside the scope of SDCP and CEA comments. I. INTRODUCTION The Commission cannot approve SDG&E's Application as requested because, in its present form, SDG&E's presentation relies on inaccurate and inadequate evidence and calculations in support of its requested ERRA forecasts. Further, approval of certain of SDG&E's Portfolio Charge Indifference Amount ("PCIA") components would result in SDCP and CEA Opening Brief 1 impermissible cost-shifting from bundled to unbundled customers, contrary to California law and Commission precedent.1 Specifically, SDG&E's proposed changes to key components related to its PCIA rates, underlying PCIA-eligible costs, and the Portfolio Allocation Balancing Account ("PABA") would result in impermissibly high rates, including for those customers that will receive service from SDCP and CEA in 2021. Lastly, SDG&E's Application includes requests for approval of its proposed 2021 vintaged PCIA rates and proposed rate components for the Green Tariff Shared Renewables ("GTSR") program, a program that directly competes with CCA programs. As explained below, SDG&E's Application cannot be approved as proposed; instead, the Commission should order the following: *SDG&E must correct its erroneous calculation of its Total Indifference Amount; •SDG&E must provide significantly more detail in this docket, and future ERRA Forecast applications, regarding its actual PABA balances, forecasted PABA Balances and SDG&E's underlying volumetric data to improve transparency and accuracy; •Reject SDG&E's proposal to abandon the PCIA rate cap; and •Conduct a further review and clarification of SDG&E's GTSR program. II. LEGAL STANDARD SDG&E, as the applicant, bears the burden of affirmatively establishing the reasonableness of all aspects of its application,2 and that burden of proof generally is measured I See, e.g., Pub. Util. Code §§ 366.2(0(2), (g); Rulemaking ("R.") 17-06-026, Decision Modifying the Power Charge Indifference Adjustment Methodology, p. 6 (October 19, 2018) ("D. 18-10-0191; R.17-06- 026, Decision Refining the Method to Develop and True Up Market Price Benchmarks (October 17, 2019) ("D.19-10-001"); Application ("A.") 12-01-008 et al, Approving Green Tariff Shared Renewables Program for San Diego Gas & Electric Company, Pacific Gas and Electric Company, and Southern California Edison Company Pursuant to Senate Bill 43 (February 2, 2015) ("D.15-01-051"). SDCP and CEA Opening Brief 2 based upon a preponderance of the evidence.3 As further explained below, SDG&E fails to meet this standard because components of its Application are neither just nor reasonable, consistent with the law, or compliant with the rules and regulations set forth by the Commission. III. BACKGROUND Community Choice Aggregation ("CCA") customers receive generation services from their local CCA but receive transmission, distribution, billing, and other services from the incumbent for-profit utility—here, SDG&E. CCA rates vary and are partially influenced by local mandates to procure and maintain clean electricity portfolios that often exceed state requirements for renewable and greenhouse gas-free generation. CCA and other unbundled customers are also subject to several non-bypassable charges ("NBCs"), including the PCIA, the 2021 level of which will be determined in this proceeding, and which is also subject to $0.005 cap. The Commission adopted the PCIA to ensure that when investor-owned utility ("IOU") customers depart from bundled service and opt into receiving certain electric services from a non-IOU provider, such as SDCP or CEA, those customers nevertheless remain responsible for costs that IOUs previously incurred for those customers—but only those costs.4 To calculate the PCIA, the IOU must establish its "Total Indifference Amount," which is updated annually in 2 R.11-02-019, Decision Mandating Pipeline Safety Implementation Plan, Disallowing Costs, Allocating Risk of Inefficient Construction Management to Shareholders, and Requiring Ongoing Improvement in Safety Engineering, p. 42 (Dec. 28, 2012) ("D.12-12-030"); Pub. Util. Code § 451 (requiring that rates be "just and reasonable"). 3 D.18-10-019, p. 5; R.11-02-019, Order Modi&ing Decision (D.) 12-12-030 and Denying Rehearing, as Modified, p. 29 (July 27, 2015) ("D.15-07-044") (observing that the Commission has discretion to apply either the preponderance of evidence or clear and convincing standard in a ratesetting proceeding, but noting that the preponderance of evidence is the "default standard to he used unless a more stringent burden is specified by statute or the Courts."). 4 D.18-10-019; see also R.17-06-026, Scoping Memo and Ruling of Assigned Commissioner, p. 2 (September 25, 2017). SDCP and CEA Opening Brief 3 TOTAL PORTFOLIO COST each IOU's ERRA proceeding. The Total Indifference Amount is calculated by subtracting the market value of the IOU's supply portfolio from the Total Portfolio Cost. Total Portfolio Costs includes Utility-Owned Generation ("UOG"), fixed maintenance costs, purchased power (including that from power purchase agreements ("PPAs")), fuel costs for UOG and PPAs with tolling agreements, and California Independent System Operator ("CAISO") grid charges and revenues, net of any sales.5 The Portfolio Market Value is derived from total eligible generation portfolio multiplied by the Market Price Benchmark ("MPB"), which is an administratively determined set of proxy values that represents the market value of the IOU's resource portfolio.6 A benchmark for each type of resource is applied to the forecasted energy use for each resource type to obtain a market value. The resource market value is calculated as follows: •For non-Renewable Portfolio Standard ("RPS")-eligible power in an IOU's portfolio, the forecasted amount of energy from such resources in the portfolio is multiplied by the brown power benchmark! •For RPS-eligible power in an IOU's portfolio, the forecasted amount of energy from such resources in the portfolio is multiplied by the green power benclunark.8 5 R.07-05-025, Decision Adopting Direct Access Reforms, pp. 8-9 (December 1, 2011) ("D.11-12-018"). 6 D.19-10-001, p. 6 (October 10, 2019) ("Market Value is the estimated financial value, measured in dollars, that is attributed to a utility portfolio of energy resources for the purpose of calculating the Power Charge Indifference Adjustment for a given year."). 7 See D.19-10-001, p. 7. 8 1d. SDCP and CEA Opening Brief 4 CAPACITY BENCHMARK (s/Mw) RAW PORTFOUO MARKET VALUE •For RA capacity in an IOU's portfolio, the monthly average RA capacity in an IOU's portfolio is multiplied by a capacity or resource adequacy benchmark.9 Adjusting for line losses, the sum of the market value of the IOU portfolio's brown power, green power, and capacity creates the Portfolio Market Value. Finally, each generation resource and departing customer is assigned a "vintage." A distinct portfolio of generation resources is identified for each vintage year based on when a commitment to procure each resource was made. Customers are assigned to vintage years according to the date they depart bundled IOU service.1° Customers continuing to receive bundled service from the IOU are included in the latest vintage (e.g., vintage 2021 in the present Application). Each vintage is assigned a separate Indifference Amount," and customers are responsible for the cumulative PCIA rates for their vintage. Prior to Commission Decision ("D.") 18-10-019, the PCIA rate was set on a forecast basis and not trued-up for unbundled customers; only bundled customers' rates were subject to a true- up. In D.18-10-019, however, the Commission adopted a true-up for the PCIA rate to "ensure that 9 Id, 1° Unlike portfolio resources, customers arc assigned to vintages using a July to June calendar period. For example, customers departing bundled service between July 2019 and June 2020 are assigned to the 2019 vintage. 11 D.11-12-018, p. 9. SDCP and CEA Opening Brief 5 bundled and departing load customers pay equally for PCIA-eligible resources."I2 This true-up will occur via including the year-end PABA balance as part of this proceeding.' 3 In sum, SDG&E's PCTA rates for 2021 will be set based on two key components, prior to applying the cap: (1) the Indifference Amount, i.e., the difference between the forecasted cost of SDG&E's generation portfolio in 2021 and the forecasted market value of SDG&E's generation portfolio in 2021; and (2) the 2020 year-end balance in the PABA, i.e., the rolling true-up between (a) the forecasted costs and revenues used to set the 2020 PCIA last year and (b) the actual costs and revenues SDG&E is realizing this year. The Indifference Amount and the year- end PABA overcollection (or undercollection) are added together to form the PABA revenue requirement underlying PCIA rates. As noted above, and especially germane to this proceeding, the Commission also adopted a price cap to "limit the change of the PCIA from one year to the next" and to "provide a degree of stability and predictability" for departing load customers.I4 The aim of this price cap, created in D.18-10-019, was to ensure rate stability for both bundled and departing load customers as related to PCIA rates.I5 The Commission established a balancing account and trigger mechanism to account for accumulated undercollection due to the PCIA cap, and IOUs are directed to file a trigger application if the PCIA Balancing Account ("CAPBA") balance exceeds the 7% 12 111 8-10-019, p. 72. 13 See A.20-07-009, Expedited Application of San Diego Gas & Electric Company (U 902 E) Under the Power Charge Indffference Adjustment Account Trigger Mechanism (July 10, 2020) ("SDG&E Trigger Application"); SDG&E Advice Letter ("AL") 3436-E (establishing its PCIA undercollection balancing account, CAPBA). 14 D.18-10-019, p. 72. 15 Id., p. 15 [stating that the price cap "should have reasonably predictable outcomes that promote certainty and stability for all customers within a reasonable planning horizon."] SDCP and CEA Opening Brief 6 threshold. SDG&E recently filed such a trigger application in A.20-07-009, filed on July 10, 2020. IV. DISCUSSION OF ISSUES IN SCOPING MEMO C. Seeping Issue No. 3 — Whether the Commission should approve a 2021 Portfolio Allocation Balancing Account forecast revenue requirement of $373.828 million. First, SDCP and CEA discuss the lack of information and support contained in SDG&E's initial application filing and testimony related to the 2020 PABA balance, which is an important component of the overall PABA revenue requirement calculation, and recommend process improvements for this case as well as future ERRA proceedings. Second, SDCP and CEA provide an explanation of an error it discovered in SDG&E's calculation of the Indifference Amount, which is another important input to the 2021 PABA revenue requirement. This error must be fixed in the November Update of the 2021 PABA revenue requirement forecast. To its credit, SDG&E has already acknowledged this approximate $84.5 million mistake and has committed to correcting it. 1. The Commission Should Require SDG&E to Provide Significantly More Detail Regarding Actual PABA balances, Forecasted PABA Balances and The Underlying Data Required to Analyze Their Accuracy. As discussed above, the PABA constitutes a rolling true-up between the forecasted components of the Indifference Amount used to set the PCIA rates and the actual costs and revenues SDG&E experiences during the year. Any resulting over- or under-collection in the PABA at end of 2020 is added to the revenue requirement used to establish the 2021 PCIA '6 Id., pp. 86-87, OP 10. SDCP and CEA Opening Brief 7 rates.17 However, in its amended testimony submitted at the end of April, SDG&E reports that its 2020 balances recorded to PABA are "$0 million."18 In fact, the rolling PABA balance at the time SDG&E filed its revised testimony was not $0 million. In discovery, SDG&E provided data demonstrating that its June monthly report showed a PABA balancing account under-collection of $271 million (without Franchise Fees and Uncollectables) as of the end of June.19 Further, SDG&E provided in discovery, but not in its Application, a forecasted year end PABA under-collection of S167 million. In other words, SDG&E's Application understated the 2021 PABA revenue requirement in its direct case by at least $167 million. By failing to provide a forecast of the PABA under-collection in its Application, SDG&E did not provide an accurate forecast of its PABA revenue requirement. Instead, SDG&E maintains that "the 2020 PABA account balance will be determined in SDG&E's 2021 ERRA November update."2° Waiting until the November update to provide any forecast of the PABA balance creates the potential for huge shifts in forecasted PCIA rates between the Application and ultimate disposition of the proceeding, limits parties' ability to understand, forecast and plan for what those changes will be priot to the end of the proceeding, and fails to provide a reasonable estimate of the PABA revenue requirement. 17 D.19-10-001, p. 11 ("The year-end overcollections or undercollections in the PABA subaccounts for yearn arc included in the vintage PCIA rate calculation for year (n+1) as part of each utility's ERRA Forecast Application."). 18 Exhibit SDG&E-06 (Amended Prepared Direct Testimony of Stacy Fuhrer at SF-3, line 2). 19 Exhibit SDCP-8 (San Diego Gas & Electric Company Response to SDCP Data Request 4.09); Confidential SDCP-18 (CONFIDENTIAL — SDG&E Response — PCIA Model_2021 ERRA Forecast SDCP DR 4 Question 9.xlsx). 20 Exhibit SDCP-8 and Exhibit SDCP-9 (San Diego Gas & Electric Company Response to SDCP Data Request 4.10). SDCP and CEA Opening Brief 8 To remedy this lack of transparency in the future, the Commission should order SDG&E to include its year to date PABA balance as well as its forecasted year-end PABA balance in all future ERRA forecast applications. The year-end PABA balance is an important input to the overall PABA revenue requirement and by excluding it in its initial application, SDG&E paints an unrealistic picture of the actual PABA revenue requirement and resulting PCIA rates that CCA customers must pay. Including the balance for the first time in the November Update creates a major, last-minute update to one of the core issues in an EERA forecast proceeding (the PABA balance) and does not give intervenors adequate time to evaluate its impact on rates. Moreover, the Commission, SDCP, CEA, and other intervenors do not currently have the tools necessary to understand the difference between forecasted PABA revenue requirements and actual PABA balances, the causes of an over- or under-collected balance, or the direction the balance is heading because SDG&E has not produced the underlying data necessary for such an evaluation. Such understanding is critical for the Commission and other parties to reach a conclusion that the proposed PCIA rates, which will include the PABA true up, are accurate and reasonable. To remedy this lack of transparency the Commission should require that future ERRA Forecast applications include monthly forecast PABA balance dollar amounts and the underlying volumetric data (e.g,. MWh generation, kWh retail sales, etc.). As customer-facing load serving entities, it is imperative that CCAs are granted access to the data required to analyze the accumulating PABA balances on a timely basis in order to anticipate and plan for potential rate impacts on their customers and to operate their own programs to serve their customers. SDCP and CEA Opening Brief 9 Specifically, in future ERRA Forecast applications, the Commission should require SDG&E to provide in its confidential workpapers, and in routine updates throughout the proceeding, the data required to review actual PABA activity. Such data must include: •Confidential versions of the monthly ERRA/PABA/CAPBA reports; •Additional detail supporting the monthly PABA reports, including subcategories for su.mmarized line items such as UOG costs and Contracts (e.g., provide by resource type, and whether RPS or non-RPS eligible); •Actual volumetric quantities underlying each relevant dollar figure; such categories include UOG generation, power purchases and sales, CAISO market sales, and retail customer sales; •Monthly volumes of Actual Sold, Retained, and Unsold RA; •Monthly volumes of Actual Sold, Retained, and Unsold RPS. Not only will requiring this data upfront increase transparency and understanding within this proceeding, it will diffuse controversy around the November Update. As has been seen in other IOUs' ERRA forecast cases,21 coupling the short timeline for comments on the November Update with the large swings in revenue requirement can create substantial controversy and necessitate delays in the timely implementation of rates. Giving intervenors and the Commission a better understanding of the drivers of PABA balances will allow them to better predict the direction (rising or falling) of the balances as November approaches. 21 A.19-06-001, Joint Motion of the Joint CCAs and DA CC for Evidentiary Hearings and Additional Briefing, or, Alternatively, to Amend Proceeding Schedule, and to Shorten Time for Response, (November 12, 2019); A.19-06-001, Response of Pacific Gas and Electric Company (U 39 E) to Joint Motion for Evidentiary Hearings and Additional Briefing or To Amend Proceeding Schedule, (November 14, 2019); A-19-06-00I, Email Ruling Revising the Schedule, (November IS, 2019). SDCP and CEA Opening Brief 10 In this ERR.A Forecast proceeding, SDCP and CEA have worked with SDG&E to gain an understanding of the impact the PABA balance will have on SDG&E's proposed PCIA rates.22 SDCP and CEA will continue to request that SDG&E provide its rolling 2020 PABA balance as well as underlying data on an ongoing monthly basis via discovery.23 SDG&E's cooperation and transparency will be necessary to ensure that intervenors in this proceeding have adequate time to analyze the data and to ensure that the PABA balance SDG&E presents in the November Update is accurate and based on reasonable assumptions. 2. The Commission Cannot Approve SDG&E's 2021 PABA Forecasted Revenue Requirement of $373.828 Million Until SDG&E Corrects its Erroneous Calculation of the Total Indifference Amount. The Commission must consider SDG&E's admitted mistake in calculating its indifference amount and, accordingly, cannot approve SDG&E's 2021 PABA forecasted revenue requirement of $373.828 million until SDG&E corrects this error and supports the corrected value. As detailed above, there are two main components to the PABA revenue requirement used to set PCTA rates: (1) the Total Indifference Amount and (2) the forecasted year-end balance in PABA, discussed above. The Total Indifference Amount is calculated by subtracting the market value of the IOU's supply portfolio from its Total Portfolio Cost, Here, SDG&E omitted key components from its portfolio market value. Specifically, SDG&E failed to include RA and RPS sales revenues when calculating its indifference amount.24 SDCP and CEA's review of SDG&E's Indifference Amount Calculation Table showed that SDG&E removed RA and RPS sales volumes from the market value calculation rather than 22 Exhibit SDCP-8 and Exhibit SDCP-9. 23 SDCP requested underlying volumetric data on an ongoing basis in this proceeding, but so far SDG&E has objected and refused to provide it. 24 See Exhibit SDCP-15 (San Diego Gas & Electric Company Response to SDCP Data Request 6.04). SDCP and CEA Opening Brief 11 reflecting the value of such sales as an offset to portfolio costs.25 In other words, SDG&E's filed application incorrectly calculated the Indifference Amount and thereby artificially increased PCIA rates. SDCP and CEA posit that if this calculation had been done correctly, following Commission guidance to include RA and RPS sales revenue as an offset to CRS Eligible Portfolio Costs, then SDG&E's forecasted Indifference Amount would decrease by $49.2 million for RA sales and $35.3 million for RPS sales, for a total reduction of $84.5 million.26 SDG&E acknowledged its error in a supplemental discovery response to SDCP and committed to correcting the error in its November Update.27 Accordingly, Commission evaluation of this issue must wait until SDG&E presents its corrected calculation, which should result in an approximate $84.5 million reduction to the PABA revenue requirement. I. Scoping Issue No. 9 — Whether the Commission Should Approve SDG&E's Proposed Vintage Power Charge Indifference Adjustment in Rates: Commission Approval of SDG&E's Vintage PCIA Rate Cap Proposal Would Run Contrary to Established Commission Policy. Commission approval of SDG&E's stated method for capping vintaged PCIA rates would result in cost increases that exceed the price caps recently established by this Commission. Such price caps were established for sound policy reasons—to avoid customer rate shock. There is no reason for the Commission to abandon this price cap a mere two years after having put it in place, particularly since the policy concerns still apply. Moreover, even if justified, SDG&E's 25 Confidential Exhibit SDCP-20 (CONFIDENTIAL — PCIA Model_2021 ERRA Forecast April_Fuhrer.xlsx; Tab "Indifference Amount Cale", Rows 11, 15-17 Columns F:AB); Confidential Exhibit SDCP-21 (CONFIDENTIAL — SDG&E Response — SDCP DR_02 2021 ERRA Forecast Q2- 10.xlsx; Tab "DR 2-Q5-7", Row 16, Columns C:U; Tab "DR 2-Q8-10", Rows 25-27, Columns C:U). 26 Confidential Exhibit SDCP-21 (CONFIDENTIAL — SDG&E Response — SDCP DR_02 2021 ERRA Forecast Q2-10.xlsx; Tab "DR 2 — Q5-7", Row 14, Columns C:11; Tab "DR 2 — Q8-10", Rows 21-23, Columns C:U). 27 Exhibit SDCP-10 (San Diego Gas & Electric Company Supplemental Response to SDCP Data Request 4.15) and SDCP-11 (San Diego Gas & Electric Company Supplemental Response to SDCP Data Request 4.17). SDCP and CEA Opening Brief 12 ERRA application is not the proper venue for the Commission to implement such a policy change. The Commission should not depart from its clearly stated policy objective of maintaining PCIA rate stability. As noted above, the Commission has established a price cap limiting year-over-year changes to vintaged PCIA rates to no greater than $0.005 per kWh above the prior year's approved PCIA rates by vintage.- In D.18-10-019, the Commission lists its "Final Guiding Principles" regarding the PCIA rulcmaking. In pertinent part, the Guiding Principles state that lajny PCIA methodology adopted by the commission to prevent cost increases for either bundled or departing load.., should have reasonably predictable outcomes that promote certainty and stability for all customers within a reasonable planning horizon.29 Consistent with that principle, SDG&E's final implemented PCIA rates by vintage for forecast year 2020 were capped at $0.005 per kWh above the effective 2019 PCIA rates by viritage.3° Further, to ensure consistency with statutory directives against cost-shifting among bundled and unbundled customers, the Commission also directed each utility to establish an interest-bearing balancing account, here the CAPBA, to track any obligation that accrues for departing load customers if the cap is reached.31 The Commission directed that if the di fference between capped rates and costs reaches 7%, and the utility also forecasts that the balance will reach 10%, it shall, within 60 days, file an application to propose a rate that will bring the projected balance down below 7%.32 28 D.18-10-019, p. 133, OP 9; see also A.19-04-010, Decision Adopting San Diego Gas & Electric Company's 2020 Electric Procurement Cost Revenue Requirement Forecast and 2020 Forecast of Greenhouse Gas Related Costs, January 16, 2020 ("D.20-01-005"); implemented via AL 3500-E. 29 D.18-10-019, p. IS. 30 D.20-01-005, Implemented via AL 3500-E. 31 D.18-10-019, p. 86. 32 Id., pp. 86 -87. SDCP and CEA Opening Brief 13 Because of the capped rates for forecast year 2020, SDG&E's CAPBA balance grew above the 7% trigger threshold, leading SDG&E to file an expedited trigger application on July 10, 2020 ("SDG&E Trigger Application").33 SDG&E's Trigger Application requested Commission authority to adjust its PCIA rates to allow for recovery of full CAPBA balance, rather than simply lowering it below 7%.34 Specifically, SDG&E proposes increasing the "current effective vintage PCIA rates in order to bring the CAPBA account balance below 7%" and to refund bundled customers for the undercollection amount.35 The propriety of that proposal is the subject of another proceeding, but is an important factor in considering the appropriate basis for calculating 2021 capped PCIA rates. In its Application in this docket, SDG&E presents PCIA rates that are uncapped based on its forecasted revenue requirements, for which it seeks approval. However, in discovery SDG&E explained that if the Commission approves its CAPBA trigger application, it believed the rates approved in that docket would form the basis for determining whether the $0.005/kWh PCIA rate cap applies for 2021. In other words, rather than using the approved 2020 PCIA rates approved in the 2020 ERRA Forecast proceeding, which SDG&E presented in this proceeding, as the baseline to set the 20201 PCIA rate cap, SDG&E would use whatever rates the Commission approves in its CAPBA trigger application. As noted above, SDG&E proposes in its CAPBA trigger application to bring the CAPBA balance to zero, rather than just under the 33 A.20-07-009, Expedited Application of San Diego Gas & Electric Company (U 902 E) Under the Power Charge Indifference Adjustment Account Trigger Mechanism (July 10, 2020) ("SDG&E Trigger Application"). 34 A.20-07-009, SDG&E Trigger Application, Prepared Direct Testimony of Eric L. Dalton on Behalf of SDG&E, p. ED-3, lines 8-9 (July 10, 2020), https://www.sdge.com/sites/default/files/regulatory/SDGE%2OCAPBA%20Trigger%20Testimony%20of %20Eric%20Dalton.pdf. 35 SDG&E Trigger Application, p. 2. SDCP and CEA Opening Brief 14 7%, meaning the rates it proposes in that proceeding arc as high as they could possibly be and are higher than what is required to mcct Commission directives. SDG&E's proposal to calculate the cap based on rates approved in the CAPBA Trigger application would entirely undercut the Commission's clear policy preference to create stability and avoid rate shock for unbundled customers. In fact, SDG&E's PCIA rate cap approach described in its discovery response, if approved, would result in capped rates that are more than three times what the capped rate would otherwise be.36 For example, using SDG&E's forecast year 2020 PCIA rates presented in this proceeding as the basis for the cap, the capped rate for vintage 2015 customers would be $0.035001.37 In comparison, using the proposed PCIA rates in SDG&E's CAPBA Trigger Application as the basis for the cap, the capped rate for vintage 2015 customers would be $0.11125 per kWh — more than three times higher.38 Thus, if the proposed PCIA rates in SDG&E's CAPBA trigger application are used as the basis for calculating the 2021 capped rates, the cap would be set significantly higher than $0.005 per kWh above the prior year's rate. This approach would entirely obliterate the purpose of the Commission-established cap mechanism, which is to ensure rate stability and predictability for departing load customers.39 SDG&E admitted in response to DR 6.01 and 6.02 that including the current PABA balance as well as the forecasted year-end PABA balance, respectively, would cause forecast year PGA rates to capped when using the implemented forecast year 2020 PCTA rates as the basis for determining the cap. Thus, if the proposed PCTA rates in SDG&E's CAPBA Trigger 36 See Exhibit SDCP-7 (San Diego Gas & Electric Company Response to SDCP Data Request 3.26). 37 Confidential Exhibit SDCP-17 (CONFIDENTIAL - PCIA Model_2020 CAPHA Trigger 3 Mo._Equal Cents Alloc_Fuhrer.xlsx) (Submitted with S DG&E response to SDCP Data Request 3.26). (S.005 was added to the rates presented to show what the capped rate would be under SDG&E's proposal). 38 Id. 39 D.18-10-019, p. 3. SDCP and CEA Opening Brief 15 Application arc approved as the basis for determining the cap; the uncapped rates estimated for example in SDG&E's response to DR 4.09 and 4.10 would become effective because the basis for the cap would be well above the uncapped rates.° These rates are significantly higher than the forecasted PCIA rates presented in SDG&E's Application. Overall, the unequivocal intent of implementing a price cap in D.18-10-019 was to provide rate stability and a degree of predictability to departing load customers. Allowing the basis for forecast year 2021's capped PCIA rates to be those proposed in SDG&E's CAPBA expedited trigger application, would be directly counter to this clear—and recent—Commission policy. Accordingly, if the PCIA rate must be capped based on updates provided in November, the Commission should order SDG&E to use the approved 2020 PCIA rates as the basis for establishing the $.005 cap for 2021 vintaged PCIA rates. The cap and trigger mechanisms represent a standing policy requirement, which the Comtnisison prescribed in D.18-10-019. If SDG&E wishes to depart from the Commission established rate cap, it would need to file a petition for modification of D.18-10-019, pursuant to the Commisison's Rule 16.4. Thus, this ERRA Forecast application is not the proper venue for SDG&E to propose removal or modificaiton of the PCIA cap. J. Scoping Issue No. 10 — Whether the Commission Should Approve SDG&E's Proposed 2021 Rate Components for the Green Tariff Shared Renewables Program The GTSR program, similar to CCA programs, allows customers to purchase a greater proportion of their electricity from renewable resources. While SDCP and CEA support the goals of the GTSR program and its contribution to increased customer choice and renewable resource 4° Exhibit SDCP-8; Exhibit SDCP-9; Confidential Exhibit SDCP-18 (CONFIDENTIAL — SDG&E Response — PCIA Model_2021 ERRA Forecast SDCP DR 4 Question 9.xlsx); Confidential Exhibit SDCP-19 (CONFIDENTIAL — SDG&E Response — PCIA Model_2021 ERRA Forecast SDCP DR 4 Question 10.xlsx). SDCP and CEA Opening Brief 16 development, the proposed Renewable Power Rate ("RPR") must reflect the actual costs of the renewable resources that will be utilized to serve GTSR customers. In accordance with D.15-01-051 and Resolution E-5028, SDG&E requests approval in its Application for the forecast 2021 costs and proposed rate components for the GTSR Program.41 For the Green Tariff ("GT") portion of the GTSR Program, SDG&E estimates total customer usage in 2021 to be 103.8 GWh resulting in a total estimated program cost of S6.35 million.42 Among the proposed GT rates, SDG&E estimates the commodity rate component known as the RPR to be $56.27/114Wh.43 In D.15-01-051, the Commission set forth the GTSR generation rate structure comprised of credits, representing the benefits of GSTR Program generation and capacity, and charges, representing costs incurred on behalf of GTSR customers.44 The commodity rate for the GT portion is called the RPR and calculated by averaging: (1) the incremental cost of local solar projects procured specifically for the program and (2) the weighted average cost of the power from the GTSR Interim Poo1.45 SDG&E proposes a 2021 RPR of $56.27/MWh, which is $13.08/MWh, or 23.2 %, cheaper than the currently approved 2020 RPR of $69.35.46 Through Discovery, SDCP sought to investigate and verify the expected resources to be included in the RPR, to ensure compliance with the ratemaking methodology set out in D.15-01- 051. Discovery was necessary on this subject because SDG&E's testimony and Application did not provide this data clearly. Unfortunatley, SDG&E's data responses on this topic were 41 Resolution E-5028, Approves Extension of; and modifications to, the Utilities' Green Tariff Shared Renetvables Program, pp. 31-32 (September 30, 2019). 421d. 43 Exhibit SDG&E-06 (Amended Prepared Direct Testimony of Stacy Fuhrer at SF-17) 44 D.15-01-051, pp. 95-96. 45 D.15-01-051, pp. 97-98; Exhibit SDG&E-06 (Amended Prepared Direct Testimony of Stacy Fuhrer at SF-17). 46 Exhibit SDG&E-06 (Amended Prepared Direct Testimony of Stacy Fuhrer at SF-19). SDCP and CEA Opening Brief 17 incomplete and failed to include all of the data needed for SDCP and CEA to conduct their anlayis. In SDCP's data request 5.02, it requested "unredacted copies of the pricing terms contained within the PPAs whose resources are being used to supply power to SDG&E's GTSR customers in 2021." In response SDG&E supplied all contracts for the Interim Pool resources and the dedicated Midway PPA, but it did not include the dedicated Wister PPA. It was not until SDG&E responded to SDCP's seventh data request that it provide information regarding the utilization and costs of Wister. SDG&E's Application is also unclear as to whether total forecast 2021 GT customer usage accounts for the drop in the estimated 2021 RPR. SDG&E estimates that, based on consumption estimates for each customer class in conjunction with program enrollment targets, 2021 GT customer usage is estimated to be 103.8 GWh.47 Though total GT subscribed capacity increased from 44.236 MW in December 2018 to 50.50 MW in December 2019, total GT subscribed capacity stayed about the same over the year, reported at 50.487 MW as of June 2020.48 SDG&E's Application provides no explanation as to how forecast usage was determined and whether that forecast impacted the reduction in the 2021 RPR. Given the lack of clarity surrounding forecast consumption, and the role that this forecast plays in calculating the RPR, SDG&E, must make a more detailed showing in this and future ERRA proceedings to allow for a proper determination as to whether the proposed RPR was calculated in accordance with Commission requirements. 47 Exhibit SDGE-03 (Prepared Direct Testimony of Stefan Covic SC-12 to SC-13). 48 Exhibit SDCP-40 (Annual GTSR Program Progress Report of San Diego Gas & Electric company for Activities Occurring in 2018 at 4); Exhibit SDCP-41 (Annual GTSR Program Progress Report of San Diego Gas & Electric company for Activities Occurring in 2019 at 4); Exhibit SDCP-38 (Quarterly GTSR Program Progress Report of San Diego Gas & Electric company for Activities Occurring Q2 2020, A.12-01-008, July 31, 2020 at 3). SDCP and CEA Opening Brief 18 V. CONCLUSION For the foregoing reasons, SDG&E's SDG&E's Application cannot be approved as requested; rather, SDG&E should be directed to (1) provide more clarity on its underlying costs and data regarding its PABA balances; (2) correct its miscalculation of the Total Indifference Amount; (3) follow the Commission's established policy capping PCIA rate increases and (4) provide greater information and clarity in support of its rates for the GTSR program. Overall, SDG&E has not provided sufficient information and cost transparency in its Application to meet its burden of proof. Respectfully submitted, Jacob Schlesinger Tim Lindl Keyes & Fox LLP 1580 Lincoln St. Suite 880 Denver, CO 80203 Phone: (970) 531-2525 Email: jschlesinger@keyesfox.com counsel to San Diego Community Power September 25, 2020 and Clean Energy Alliance SDCP and CEA Opening Brief 19 Report Providing Recommendations on tog, Schedule to Reopen Direct Access =A California Public Utilities Commission Staff Report Pursuant to Senate Bill 237 (2018) and R. 19-03-009 September 28, 2020 Table of Contents Key Acronyms 3 Executive Summary 4 1.Introduction 6 1.1 Objectives and Scope 6 1.2 Background on Direct Access and Retail Choice 8 1.3 Potential Benefits of Expanding Direct Access 11 1.4 Challenges of Expanding Direct Access 12 2.Assessment of Statutory Provisions of Reopening Direct Access 13 2.1 Impact of Direct Access Expansion on Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Goals 14 2.2 Impact on Criteria Air Pollution and Toxic Air Contaminants 19 2.3 Ens ming Reliability with Expansion of Direct Access 20 2.4 Ensuring Direct Access Expansion Does Not Result in Cost Shifting to Bundled Customers 24 3.Recommendations on the Schedule to Reopen Direct Access 27 2 I P age Key Acronyms AB Assembly Bill CCA Community Choice Aggregation CEC California Energy Commission ESP Electric Service Provider GIIG Greenhouse Gas Emissions IRP Integrated Resource Planning IOU Investor-Owned Utility LSE Load Serving Entity (includes CCAs, ESPs, and IOUs) LLTP Long Term Procurement Planning NEM Nct Energy Metering PCIA Power Charge Indifference Adjustment POLR Provider of Last Resort SB Senate Bill RA Resource Adequacy REC Renewable Energy Credits RPS Renewables Portfolio Standards 3 1 Page Executive Summary In 2018 the Legislature approved Senate Bill (SB) 237 (Hertzberg), which required the California Public Utilities Commission (CPUC) to 1) increase the cap on the amount of demand that can be serviced by competitive Electricity Services Providers (ESPs) through Direct Access; and 2) provide recommendations to the Legislature on implementing further expansion of Direct Access, including, but not limited to, the phase-in period over which the further Direct Access shall occur for all remaining nonresidential customer accounts in each electrical corporation's service territory. Consistent with the requirements of SB 237, this Staff Report provides an assessment of the provisions identified in Public Utilities (P.U.) Code Section 365.1 (f)(1) for the Legislature's consideration in its determination of further reopening. Should the Legislature elect to enact a further reopening of Direct Access, this report provides recommendations for the schedule of actions that should occur prior to the reopening, consistent with these provisions. In this document, the California Public Utilities Commission's (CPUC) Energy Division staff presents recommendations for the schedule. CPUC Energy Division staff recommends the following: Prior to Further Direct Access Reopening: Staff recommends that reopening be conditioned on ESPs' demonstrated compliance with the following obligations: >ESPs submit robust, transparent Integrated Resource Planning (IRP) filings and meet all procurement requirements pursuant to Decision (D.) 19-11-016. >ESPs meet their Renewables Procurement Standards (RPS) obligations for the 2021-2024 compliance period. >ESPs comply with all Resource Adequacy (RA) requirements including multi-year local, year ahead flexible and system, and month ahead system and flexible obligations. Recommended Schedule if Direct Access is Reopened: If the Legislature directs further reopening of nonresidential Direct Access, the legislation should allow the CPUC to: >Set an initial re-opening schedule in increments equal to 10 percent of eligible non-residential load per year. >Condition each annual expansion on CPUC review and approval of compliance with IRP, RA and RPS requirements, as subject to CPUC approval. >Order annual expansion to take place on a schedule that will allow Load Serving Entities (LSEs) the ability to fully comply with RA requirements. Staff suggests that a re-opening schedule that raises the Direct Access cap by 10 percent of non- residential load per year should minimize planning disruptions associated with load departure and 4 I Page allow the CPUC and market actors sufficient time to develop the regulatory and market structures needed to ensure long-term resource development in a fragmented retgil market. Recommendations for Legislative Action: If the Legislature establishes a schedule to reopen Direct Access to all non-residential customers, CPUC staff recommends that the following legislative actions be considered to ensure that the greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, reliability and cost shifting provisions of SB 237 are met: •Provide clear authority to enforce compliance with IRP GHG goals by all LSEs subject to P.U. Code Section 454.52 (b). •Ensure that the CPUC continues to have clear authority to enforce the State's Resource Adequacy goals defined in P.U. Code Section 380. •Amend P.U. Code Section 949.25 to provide the CPUC with the authority to revoke ESP licenses and CCA registration for repeated non-compliance with RA, RPS or IRP requirements. 9 Consider provisions to ensure that no cost shifting as the result of customer moving between different Load Serving Entities (Electric Corporations, Community Choice Aggregators (CCAs), and ESPs) are applied equitable to all customers. 5 I Page 1. Introduction 1.1 Objectives and Scope Pursuant to Senate Bill (SB) 237 (Hertzberg, 2018), the CPUC is required to provide the Legislature with recommendations on the further reopening of Direct Access, which is also referred to as direct transactions. Energy Division staff prepared this Staff Report in order to support the, CPUC in meeting requirements of SB 237. Public Utilities (P.U.) Code 365.1 (f) states that: (f)(1) On or before June 1, 2020,1 the commission shall provide recommendations to the Legislature on implementing a further direct transactions reopening schedule, including, but not limited to, the phase-in period over which the further direct transactions shall occur for all remaining nonresidential customer accounts in each electrical corporation's service territory. (2) in developing the recommendations pursuant to paragraph (1), the commission shall find all of the following: (A)The recommendations ate consistent with the State's greenhouse gas emission reduction goals. (B)The recommendations do not increase criteria air pollutants and toxic air contaminants. (C)The recommendations ensure electric system reliability. (D)The recommendations do not cause undue shifting of costs to bundled service customers of an electrical corporation or to direct transaction customers. The intent of this Staff Report is to provide an assessment of the provisions identified in P.U. Code Section 365.1(f) for the Legislature's consideration in their determination of further reopening. Should the Legislature elect to enact a further reopening of Direct Access, this report provides recommendations for the schedule of actions that should occur prior to the reopening, consistent with these provisions. Direct Access, originally adopted in 1996 as part of California's energy restructuring initiative and authorized by P.U. Code Section 365.1, is a retail electric service option whereby non-residential customers may purchase electricity from a competitive non-utility entity called an Electric Service Provider (ESP). The amount of electric load that can be serviced by Direct Access has been capped by statute since 2002. SB 237 required the CPUC to increase the allowable Direct Access load by 4,000 gigawatt-h our (GWh). In 2002, Assembly Bill (AB) 117 added P.U. Code Section 331.1, which created CCAs as an alternative provider or retail electricity services. In 2014 CCAs served only around 0.5 percent of all load in IOU territory; in 2021 it is estimated that Community Choice Aggregators (CCAs) will account for approximately 29 percent of load in Investor Owned Utility (IOU) territory. Issuance of this report was delayed due to the Covid-19 and economic emergency. 6 I Page While CCA growth is an important market context for assessing the possible effects of expanding the market for Direct Access, pursuant to SB 237, this report focuses specifically on an assessment of the likely effects and risks of expanding Direct Access and is not intended to assess the impacts of CCA growth. Direct Access currently serves approximately 14 percent of load in IOU service territory and is projected to increase to over 16 percent by 2021 with the implementation SB 237. Figure 1 shows the estimated 2021 load shares served by Direct Access, CCAs, and IOUs and the load that will become eligible to switch to Direct Access in 2021 and 2022 with the 4,000 GWh increase allowed by SB 237. Figure 1: 2021 Direct Access Load and Eligible Direct Access Load 24,488 9921 •Current Direct Access Load • •Additional Direct Access Load (SB 237) CCA Load •IOU Load Figure 2 shows current Direct Access load and the additional load that could become eligible for Direct Access pursuant to SB 237. As Figure 2 shows, 47 percent of the current IOU and CCA load could move to Direct Access if the Legislature decides to re-open the entire non-residential market to Direct Access, as contemplated in SB 237. The 38 percent of IOU and CCA load that serves residential customers would not be eligible for Direct Access under SB 237. 4,304 2% 68,784 38% 85 (144 47% Figure 2: Direct Access Load (GW11) and Direct Access Eligible Load (GWh) if Direct Access Becomes Eligible to All Non-Residential Load. 24,488 13% • Current Direct Access Load •Additional Direct Access Load (SB 237) NIOU and CCA. Non- Residential Load Potentially Eligible for Direct Access o. IOU and CCA Residential Load 1.2 Background on Direct Access and Retail Choice Direct Access was originally adopted in 1996 as part of California's Electric Utility Industry Restructuring Act, AB 1890 (Brulte, 1996). Prior to AB 1890, vertically integrated IOUs owned and operated generation, transmission, and distribution systems and provided retail services to all customers under regulation from the CPTJC. Direct Access offered retail choice to customers by allowing them to purchase electricity directly from an ESP while the IOUs continued to supply the transmission and distribution services needed to transport power to the customer. AB 1890 opened Direct Access to both residential and non-residential customers. In 2000-2001, market manipulation in a tight energy market led to large spikes in electricity costs and rolling blackouts across the state. The IOUs were unable to recover the costs of procuring electricity in the wholesale energy market due to fixed retail rates and mounting costs to procure generation. Ultimately, this led to PG-&E's first bankruptcy in 2001. During this period, many Direct Access providers left the market, returning their customers to IOU service. In response to the crisis, the Legislature approved AB1X (Keely, 2001) to resolve the shortage of energy available in the day ahead energy markets and stabilize energy prices. Among other actions, AB1X suspended additional Direct Access enrollment. From 2001 to 2010, existing Direct Access customers were allowed to continue using Direct Access and to shift between ESPs, but no additional customers were allowed to move to Direct Access. SB 695 (Kehoe, 2009) opened Direct Access to a limited amount of new non-residential load, which 8 I Page would be phased in over several years. SB 6952 created a capacity "cap" of electric load that ESPs may serve but otherwise retained the main aspects of Direct Access suspension until further legislative action. The cap set by SB 695 was equal to the peak amount of load served by Direct Access prior to the electricity crisis, roughly 13% of total load. In 2002, AB 11:73 established P.U. Code Section 331.1, which authorizes the implementation of Community Choice Aggregation. AB 117 allows local government entities to form CCAs to purchase power for their communities from non-utility power suppliers. Per AB 117, customers are defaulted into CCA service when a CCA is formed in their service area, with an option to opt-out and return to utility service. Following passage of SB 237 in 2018, the CPUC opened Rulemaking (R.) 19-03-009. In the first phase of the rulemaking, the CPUC allocated the additional 4,000 GWh Direct Access load from SB 237 among the three IOU territories according by load share. To provide sufficient time for ESPs to comply with current year-ahead Resource Adequacy requirements, the implementation of additional Direct Access load will not occur until January 1, 2021. In Phase 2 of R.19-03-009, the CPUC is addressing SB 237's requirement that Energy Division provide recommendations to the Legislature on further reopening of non-residential Direct Access. Since 2001, the Legislature and the CPUC have implemented a series of new regulations to ensure there is sufficient generation capacity available for system religbility that have created new obligations for ESPs. Among the key requirements adopted were the creation of long-term and short-term procurement requirements for Load Serving Entities (LSEs) through the Long-Term Procurement Planning (LTPP) and Resource Adequacy proceedings. AB 380 (Nunez, 2005) established Resource Adequacy requirements to meet near-term capacity needs. Resource Adequacy requirements were updated by SB 1136 (Hertzberg, 2018) to ensure sufficient capacity to meet system, local and re_newables integration (flexible) needs. Following SB 350 (de Leon, 2015), the CPUC moved long-term planning into the Integrated Resource Planning (IRP) process, which considers both reliability and greenhouse gas emissions reductions goals in a single proceeding and seeks to define an optimal path for realizing, both goals. 1.2.1 California Customer Choice Project In 2017, the CPUC initiated California Customer Choice Project to examine the rapid evolution of California's electric sector and develop a report evaluating competitive retail electricity options. The results of the project were published in August 2018 as C4fornia Customer Choice: An Evaluation of Regulatog Framework Options for an Evolving Electricity Market (Customer Choice Paper). The Customer Choice Paper identifies shifts occurring in the electricity sector as a result of expanding customer choice and assesses markets outside of California for lessons learned. The paper also raises fundamental questions on how California can simultaneously create more market choice for 2 See P.U. Code Section 365.1(b) 3 Sec P.U. Code Section 331. 9 I Page consumers, meet statewide goals, and ensure California's energy policy core principles of affordability, reliability and decarbonization. Following the Customer Choice Paper, CPUC staff published the Choice Action Plan and Gap Analysis (Action Plan) in December 2018 to identify critical policy issues associated with increased disaggregation of load and supply. CPUC staff also conducted an internal analysis to identify regulatory gaps that exist and actions that would help to ensure core principles are met if retail choice is pursued. The Action Plan identified a list of policy areas and relevant proceedings that would be impacted by the expansion of retail choice. Some of these topics are relevant to the provisions required by SB 237 regarding a recommendation for Direct Access expansion. This report is informed by, and expands upon, the analysis of these topics in the Action Plan. 1.Disclosure of Green House Gas (GHG) and Renewables Content for use in LSE Electricity Portfolios': The Action Plan raises the issue that consumers lack transparency into the power content of electricity sold by LSEs and identifies the need for clear disclosures for GHG emissions and Renewables Content from all LSEs. The California Energy Commission (CRC) provides "Power Content Labeling" and AB 1110 (Ting, 2016) requires that the CEC amend the Power Source Disclosure (PSD) to include GHG emissions intensity factors and guidance for disclosure of unbundled Renewable Energy Credits (RECs) beginning in 2020 for the 2019 calendar year. The Action Plan recommended that there be disclosure for all power content, including imports and unbundled RECs. 2.Resource Adequacy': The Action Plan identifies challenges to maintaining adequate electric capacity to ensure reliability caused by structural changes to the energy market. These challenges include: the increasing use of intermittent renewable resources; the upcoming retirement of natural gas power plants due to once through cooling requirements; retirement requests from generators; and the rapid expansion of CCAs resulting in customer load migration. A competitive electricity market structure may cause uncertainty for market participants who must procure capacity for an unknown amount of load and generators who must now sell generation to new market entrants. Since publication of the Action Plan, R.17-09-020 has considered refinements to the Resource Adequacy program. This work is ongoing. Load migration and load fragmentation continue to create complex issues for electric system reliability that this Staff report will explore. 3.Contracting for Reliability and Renewable Resource Requirements': 4 California Customer Choice Project: Choice Action Plan and Gap Analysis, December 2018, p. 27-28 5 Ibid. p. 50-53 6 Ibid. p. 57-61 10 I Page The Action Plan highlights the concern over resource procurement that is necessary for the state's long-term energy supply, particularly new renewable energy resources, noting that some LSEs rely almost exclusively on short-term contracts to meet energy needs. The CPUC uses the IRP process to evaluate the state's long-term contracting requirements to meet both its reliability and renewable procurement. Each LSE is required to file its own IRP with the CPUC so that the CPUC can ensure the that it will meet its obligations; however, the IRP process is relatively new and the CPUC still in the process of developing the needed compliance tools. The Action Plan also suggests potential solutions to address reliability and resource challenges with retail choice, including coordinated multi-party procurement and the creation of a central procurement entity.' The remaining topics in the Action Plan are not within the scope of SB 237 and will not be assessed in this report, although they still need to be considered within their respective proceedings. 1.2.2 Public Input to Support Staff Report Recommendations On January 8, 2020, staff held a workshop to solicit input from stakeholders and parties to R.19-03- 009. Parties provided informal comments in response to the discussion. Comments were provided by the Alliance for Retail Energy Markets (AReiVI), California Large Energy Consumers Association (CLECA), Cogeneration Association of California (CAC), Commercial Energy of California (Commercial Energy), Direct Access Customer Coalition (DACC), Energy Producers and Users Coalition (EPUC), Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E), Public Advocates Office (CalPA), Renewable Energy Buyers Alliance (REBA), Southern California Edison (SCE), The Utility Ratepayer Network (TURN). This report was informed by the comments and analysis of the participating parties, as well as past staff reports and decisions, which are cited below. 1.3 Potential Benefits of Expanding Direct Access in their informal comments on the January 8th Energy Division workshop, parties discussed the potential benefits that expanding Direct Access can provide to commercial customers. 1.3.1 Expanded Direct Access will increase Choices for C&I customers ESP representatives point out that many commercial and industrial customers desire the retail options that Direct Access can offer. Since caps on total participation were instituted, subscription to the Direct Access program has always been at the cap and there have been consistent waiting lists for the program. At the end of 2018, 6,951 GWh of customer load remained on the Direct Access waitlist.' While SB 237 increased the maximum allowable limit for Direct Access by 4,000 GWh, 2,000 GWh of which will come from the June 2020 Direct Access Lottery, it is reasonable to expect that demand for Direct Access service requests will increase if the cap is lifted. 7 California Customer Choice Project: Choice Action Plan and Gap Analysis, December 2018, p. 2. 8 2018 Direct Access Lottery Enrollment Report ill Page 1.3.2 ESPs can tailor their service to customer needs Companies seek Direct Access for various reasons. First, while the CPUC has no visibility into the rates ESPs charge their customers, it appears that ESPs have generally been able to provide power at a significant cost-advantage to IOUs, and many Direct Access customers choose Direct Access in order to lower their overall energy bills. Lower rates are appealing to all customers but may be particularly important to large commercial and industrial customers for whom energy is a major component of overall costs. For this class of customer, particularly industrial customers with some degree of locational freedom, the search for cheaper electricity could lead them to consider moving energy-intensive production activities out of California. Direct Access may provide these customers an incentive to keep production in the state. Direct Access may also provide customers with competitive options and flexibility, allowing them to choose procurement products and rate designs. Customers may use Direct Access in order to pursue corporate GHG emission reduction initiatives. ESPs point out that they can provide customers with electricity services, such as load management, that are tailored to the customer's specific needs. Customers with multiple locations, such as large retailers, may seek Direct Access in order to aggregate load across different service territories and buy electricity services from a single provider. Buying from an ESP may facilitate customers who want to implement a unified energy management plan across jurisdictional boundaries and can facilitate the pursuit of corporate or institutional GHG goals by allowing companies to more efficiently plan and finance long-term, offsite investments in solar, wind, storage or other renewable assets. 1.4 Challenges of Expanding Direct Access Large-scale load migration between LSEs may create structural challenges to California's system of electrical system planning. In recent years load migration has been driven primarily by the rapid growth of CCAs. Reopening Direct Access would allow nearly two-thirds of existing load, including load that has recently migrated to CCA service, to migrate between IOU, ESP and CCA service. Modeling in the 2019-2020 IRP cycle indicates a need for nearly 25,000 megawatts (MW) of new energy resources to be built by 2030. Accomplishing this rate of new build requires either that LSEs make long-term contracting commitments or that another entity do so on their behalf. ESPs currently procure much of their energy in day-ahead and real-time markets or through short- term contracts and have little track record of signing long-term contracts. Because Direct Access customers make short term commitments to an ESP, generally signing 1 to 2-year contracts, multi- year contracts are risky for ESPs. However, since long-term contracts arc needed to meet system reliability needs and develop new clean energy resources, expanding Direct Access increases the risks for long-term procurement contracting needed to meet system reliability and GHG reduction targets. It is important to acknowledge that, to a certain degree, these long-term planning and contracting challenges are caused by load migration in general, which includes load migration due to CCA expansion. In their informal comments to the January 8th workshop, several Direct Access 12 I Page representatives raised the concern that ESPs are held to a separate standard than CCAs. They questioned whether this report should go beyond challenges that are specific to Direct Access expansion and consider load migration in general. While the rapid growth of CCAs has, in fact, made planning and procurement to meet system reliability more challenging, the current legislative mandate under P.U. Code 366.2 does not cap the amount of load that can be served by CCAs. A rapid expansion of Direct Access is likely to exacerbate the challenges associated with load migration. Currently, the IOUs are experiencing a substantial amount of load departure annually with the launch and expansion of CCAs. There is also a small amount of load returning to IOUs or migrating to ESPs, to the extent allowed by the current cap. This migration has created planning challenges but has generally proven manageable. However, a rapid expansion of Direct Access would significantly increase the medium to long term planning uncertainty because customers may freely migrate between IOUs, CCAs and Direct Access providers. This increased load migration will make long-term procurement far more challenging for all LSEs. We describe those challenges further in Section 2. 1.4.1 Mechanism to address market risks related to load migration may be developed but do not currently exist The Customer Choice Project found that a central procurement entity that procures on behalf of all LSEs may resolve some of the procurement challenges caused load migration, since central procurement would be indifferent to which ISE is serving load.' The CPUC has recently adopted central procurement for local Resource Adequacy in two IOU territories—Pacific Gas & Electric (PG&E) and Southern California Edison (SCE)—to be implemented beginning in 2023.1° Over time, market participants may also adapt to load migration and develop new ways to organize procurement to meet State planning requirements while also maintaining the flexibility they desire in competitive retail markets. However, currently these market-based approaches either do not currently exist or are in the very early stages of development. 2. Assessment of Statutory Provisions of Reopening Direct Access This section provides an assessment of the four statutory provisions identified in Public Utilities Code Section Code 365.1 (f)(2) that must be met in setting a recommended schedule for reopening of Direct Access. The statute directs the CPUC to find that the recommendations are consistent with the State's GHG emission reduction, do not increase criteria and toxic air pollutants, ensure system reliability, and do not cause undue cost shifting to bundled customers. These provisions are considered below. 9 California Customer Choice: An Evaluation of Regulatory Framework Options for an Evolving Electricity Market (August, 2018), p. 65. Dedsion (ID.) 20-06-002 (June 11, 2020). 13 I Page 2.1 Impact of Direct Access Expansion on Greenhouse Gas Emission Reduction Goals Under SB 32 (Pave, 2016) the State must reduce GlIG emission to 40 percent below 1990 levels by 2030. SB 350 (de Leon, 2015) requires the California Air Resources Board to establish emission reduction targets for the electricity sector and for the CPUC to use those targets in developing Integrated Resource Plans (IRP) for LSEs under its jurisdiction. The IRP process sets an electric sector GHG reduction target" and identifies an optimal portfolio of resources needed to meet that target and maintain system reliability at least-cost. Each of the CPUC's jurisdictional LSEs are required to regularly submit IRP filings with the CPUC that are consistent with this portfolio. in their 1RP filings, LSEs detail how they will meet GFIG and reliability targets with new and existing resources. If the LSEs' IRP filings collectively show actual or potential deficiencies, the CPUC may order additional procurement. The Renewables Portfolio Standards (RPS) program works in conjunction with the IRP as the primary driver to build new renewable resources. Originally adopted in 2002 and most recently updated by SB 100 (de Leon, 2018), the RPS program requires that the LSEs procure 60 percent of their total electricity retail sales from renewable energy resources by 2030. Additionally, SB 350 mandates that 65 percent of each LSE's RPS procurement must be derived from contracts of 10 or more years beginning in RPS Compliance Period 4, which will run from 2021 to 2024.12 RPS mandates drive the build-out new renewable resources, which helps meet GHG emission reduction targets and system reliability needs set in the 1RP. To assess the impact of Direct Access expansion to all non-residential customers on GHG emissions, we evaluate the ESPs' current planning, procurement practices, and compliance with 1RP and RPS requirements, and what they indicate about ESPs' likely market behavior in the future. We also consider the implications of additional load migration and Direct Access customers' short-term commitments to their ESP on the State's ability to accurately set and meet GHG reduction targets. 2.1.1 ESPs' Current Procurement Practices ESPs' current energy procurement practices offer the best available indication of potential impacts of reopening Direct Access on GHG emissions. Figure 3 (below) shows each LSE's 2018 power content as reported to the CEC in 2018. The green wedge in Figure 3 shows the RPS eligible resources purchased by each LSE. The dark blue represents large hydro which, like nuclear (purple), is not RPS eligible but does qualify as GIIG-free according to Power Content Labeling rules. The 11 Electric sector GI-IG targets are set consistent with California Air Resources Board Scoping Plan ranges. Available: https: /Avw3.arb.ca.govicc/scopingplan iscopinpplarthun 12 RPS rules measure compliance as a percentage of energy used during the entire compliance period. This means that an LSE could fail to procure 65 percent of its RPS through 10-year or longer contracts but still meet program requirements if 65 of the RPS it procures during the 4 year compliance period comes from 10- year or longer contracts. 14 I Page Utilities Average 100% 90% SO% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 094 li o II II dark brown represents gas generation, while the lighter beige represents California Independent System Operator (CATS()) system power. Figure 3 indicates that ESPs relied heavily on purchases of unspecified CATS° system power, with the exception of 3 Phases and the University of California (UC). This contrasts with the majority of CCAs, who procured large amounts of renewable and GHG-free resources and with the IOUs, who also outperformed ESPs in procuring GHG free encrgy. Unspecified CAISO system power, which includes energy from all resources including RPS eligible and gas generation, accounted for 69 percent of the ESPs' portfolio content.' Reliance on CAISO system power, which is generally cheaper and requires no long-term contracting, has been a source of competitive advantage for E,SPs by allowing them to avoid higher costs and commitments of long-term contracts. Figure 3: GHG free and System Power Used by each LSE" Energy Resource Mix by LSE Community Choke Aggregators Energy Service Providers d 4,,o, 0 cf."? e, <3 4- e 4,Z (*.RC^ . ck 4, 4- q t, cp.?, e ,e,% ,60 •S‘-‘ ,0 6 „..e. ,z; 6 •k .0\ ef,..c\e df c't- ,4% cpN s,zizs 1 0 •Eligible Renewable • Coal •Large Hydro Nuclear • Natural Gas it Other ,f:Unspecified ESP representatives have explained that the different resource mixes they procure reflect the differing priorities of their commercial customers. Some customers prioritize GHG emission reductions above energy prices and vice versa.' However, overall, the ESPs' general procurement 13 For a full description of each LSE's power content label report for 2018, see Appendix 2 of this report. 14 This chart is based on California Energy Commission Power Content Label data for 2018. A complete data set for each IOU, CCA, and ESP, including total retail sales, can be found in Appendix 2 at the end of this report. Informal Comments of the Affiance for Retail Energy Markets on the January 8,2020 Workshop, p. 3. 15 I Page ... 50% al 40% 5 30% 0.1 O. 20% tn Q. strategies, including a heavy reliance on CAISO system power, appear to increase GI-IG emissions relative to portfolios that rely on high amounts of RPS eligible resources.' As will be further discussed in Section 2.1.4 (below) SB 350 requires all LSEs to procure a minimum 65 percent of their RPS compliance requirement with contracts of 10-years or longer starting in 2021. The ESPs' ability to comply with these requirements is untested to date. Based on past procurement trends, CPUC staff has concerns that some ESPs may not meet the new requirements. 2.1.2 Renewable Portfolio Standard Compliance The 2019 CalOnia Renewable: Portfolio S tandard Annual Report provides a comprehensive evaluation of each LSE's RPS coraplia,nce.17 Figure 4 shows the trend in average RPS energy as a percentage of load by IOUs, CCAs and ESPs from 2014 to 2018. During this period, both CCAs and IOUs, on average, procured quantities of RPS well above mandated RPS requirements. In contrast, ESPs generally met their RPS requirements, but RPS represented a lower percentage of their procurement than it was for other LSE classes. The 2019 Cali firnia Renewable: Portfolio Standard Annual Rep ort found that while one ESP exceeded its target by more than 10 percent, the remaining 11 met or barely exceeded their RPS compliance target. 3 ESPs failed to meet RPS Period 2 (2014-16) RPS compliance targets.' Figure 4. Average Actual LSE RPS Percentages (2014-2018)" 60% io% 0% 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 . ........._.... —CCAs —ESPs -- IOUs — — Annual RPS Requirement If the trends shown in Figure 4 are indicative of future practices, then load migration from IOUs or 16 The GHG content of CAISO system power varies from month-to-month and hour-to-hour depending on the availability of renewable resources. Emissions information can be found at the CAISO websitc. "RPS requirements differ from Power Content Label since large hydro and nuclear are not included under RPS rules. Furthermore, RPS rules allow for the procurement Geothermal and Biopower, which are GHG emitting. 18 2019 California Renewables Portfolio Stanch.rd Annual Report, P. 25. 19 From CalCCA's informal comments on Energy Division's January 8, 2020 workshop, p. 5, sent to the R.19-03-009 service list on January 21, 2020. Source data is from 2019 California Renewables Portfolio Standard Annual Report 16 1 Page CCAs to ESPs will likely lead to a net decline in RPS procurement since ESPs tend to procure proportionally less RPS resources than the CCAs and IOUs. Although RPS procurement is not precisely correlated with GHG reductions, a decline in the procurement of RPS resources would likely lead to an increase in GHG emissions. 2.1.3 Impact of Direct Access Expansion on setting GHG emission reduction targets in Integrated Resource Planning The IRP process is a critical planning tool to reduce GHG emissions. The process starts by forecasting of long-term demand for each LSE. These LSE-specific demand forecasts are derived from CEC analysis in the Integrated Energy Polig Report (IEPR). The forecasts are adjusted to reflect near-term load migration, which is projected based on historical sales. However, while the IEPR sets targets for each IOU and CCA, it does not include individual load forecasts for ESPs. This is because ESP load data is confidential and fluctuates based on customers' commitments. Instead, the CPUC sets an aggregate GHG planning target for all ESPs within each IOU service territory and then requires each ESP to calculate its own confidential GHG Emissions Benchmark using its own load forecast. In order to account for that uncertainty while forecasting load to set ESP targets, the IRP currently requires ESPs to utilize their most recent year-ahead load forecast submission in the CPUC Resource Adequacy proceeding and extend it out to 2030.' Using short-term forecasts from the Resource Adequacy proceeding for long-term planning could lead to setting inaccurate procurement targets in electric sector planning, and increases the risk that a potentially significant portion of Direct Access load will not be planned for in IRP. This mismatch between short-term forecasts and long-term planning raises several potentially significant issues when integrating ESPs into the IRP process: •Uncertainty among ESPs. As discussed in Section 1.4, ESPs do not have long-term customer commitments, which makes load forecasting and long-term planning highly uncertain. Load may shift between various ESPs on a year-to-year basis, which means that the load that an ESP plans for today may grow or shrink, potentially significantly, in the years ahead, leaving that portion of load unplanned for when it migrates to another ESP. In a competitive environment in which customers can always leave and seek service with a different ESP, ESPs will face challenges holding long-term contracts for resources that the IRP process identifies as necessary. •Load uncertainty for CCAs and IOUs. With the expansion of Direct access, load uncertainty for ESPs leads to load uncertainty for CCAs and IOUs. Commercial and industrial customers currently make up about 57 percent of electric load in California. If that load becomes less predictable—more subject to moving between Direct Access and other LSE classes—then all LSEs will have less planning certainty. With less confidence in the load projections that they use in their IRPs, LSEs could be less willing to procure based on 20 AU J Ruling dated January 24, 2020 describing IRP load forecasts available here: //docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Efile/G000 /M32.5 /K033 /325033751.PDF 17 I Page identified planning needs. •ESP load aggregation. Each ESP provides its own load forecast in IRP. Because ESP load is confidential, they do this without knowing the load forecast of other ESPs or how their load forecasts contribute to achieving the Direct Access cap. This creates a risk that the sum of individually provided ESP forecasts will not add up to the total Direct Access load cap, which is the portion of load that they must plan for in IRP. If ESPs do procure based on their identified TRP needs, their collective procurement may still not add up to the aggregate ESP procurement obligation, which would cause under-procurement and jeopardize the electric sector meeting its 2030 GHG and reliability goals. If the Legislature opens more load to Direct Access, this problem will be amplified. To the extent that Direct Access providers serve a higher share of total load, the CPUC will need a mechanism to ensure that ESPs procure their share of resources that meet GHG emissions reduction targets. These challenges may be manageable, but they require a clear compliance and enforcement regime to align the incentives of ESPs and their customers with IRP objectives. CPUC authority to enforce the IRP planning requirements is limited at this time. Staff recommends that the Legislature consider extending the CPUC's authority to enforce compliance. 2.1.4 Impact of Direct Access Expansion on Long-term Contracting to Meet GHG Emission Reductions In order to meet 2030 GHG emission targets, California will need to build nearly 25,000 MW of new GHG-free resources, including over 12,000 MW of storage. This new capacity will need to achieve commercial operation by 2026 to replace retiring gas generation.' As major capital investments, new renewables projects cannot generally find financing without long-term purchase agreements. In the past, California has required the IOUs to sign the long-term power purchase agreements needed to finance new generation and guaranteed the IOUs cost-recovery for these purchases. However, IOUs will only be responsible for 50 percent of load by 2021, and the IOUs' portfolios currently include more RPS eligible resources than they need to meet RPS requirements for their current load. Meanwhile more RPS-eligible generation is still needed statewide for the California to reach its 2030 GHG emission reduction targets. SB 350 addressed the issue that other LSF,s will be increasingly responsible for ensuring new RPS resources are built by requiring that all LSEs procure at least 65 percent of their RPS requirements through contracts of 10-years or longer. This requirement starts in the 2021-2024 RPS compliance period. The 10-year contracting requirement is necessary to ensure that RPS contracts cover the capital costs needed to finance new renewable projects. In informal comments to the January 8, 2020 workshop, Direct Access representatives stated that 21 fn.` vk) 16-02-007, 2019-2020 Proposed Decision on Electric Resource Portfolios to Inform Integrated Resource Plans and Transmission Planning, Figure 2 (p. 36), mailed Feb. 22, 2020,. 18 I Page ESPs are able to meet long-term contracting requirements and are on a pathway to compliance in 2024. Specifically, Shell Energy has announced a new 200 MW solar project and Direct Energy announced a 250 MW solar project. Furthermore, Shell and Commercial Energy argue that expansion of the DA market will increase market liquidity and encourage LSEs to pursue long-term investments.' Nevertheless, the ESPs have a limited record of entering long-term contacts. The 2019 C4fornia Renewable Porpeolio Standard Annual Report found that long-term contracts account for 9 percent of their total portfolio.' While the ESPs will not need to reach compliance with the 65 percent long- term contracting requirement until 2024, ESPs will need to make a significant investment in the near term for projects to come online between 2021-2024 to meet the 65 percent target. CPUC staff is concerned that ESPs' short-term customer commitments may create an impediment to making long-term investments in GHG-reducing resources. Customers seeking lower energy costs will have an incentive to switch to the provider with lower cost portfolio. In a competitive market, this could also impact the CCAs' ability to hold long-term contracts. In their informal comments to the January 8, 2020 workshop, CalCCA stated that uncertainty caused by load migration could undermine the long-term contracts that they have entered into and leave them locked into a fixed price contract as they lose load to lower price competitors. CCAs, who are not guaranteed cost-recovery and risk losing non-residential customers if Direct Access is expanded, may delay investments in renewables and storage to avoid investing on behalf of customers who then depart their service. The risk that load may depart is likely to raise borrowing .costs for those projects that CCAs do pursue. In sum, reopening Direct Access to all non-residential customers, Energy Division staff is concerned that overall levels of renewable generation investment will decline and reduce GHG emission reductions. While the 10-year RPS contracting requirement provides a floor by requiring longer-term investment, reporting and enforcement occur at the end of the compliance period. This means that the CPUC will not be able to rectify the shortfall if LSEs fail to procure the long-term contracts needed to meet their compliance requirements. 2.2 lm oact on Criteria Air Pollution and Toxic Air Contaminants The Federal Clean Air Act requires the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) to establish National Ambient Air Quality Standards (NAAQS) for the maximum allowable concentrations of six "criteria" pollutants in outdoor air to protect public health: carbon monoxide, lead, ground-level ozone, nitrogen dioxide, particulate matter, and sulfur dioxide. 22 2018 RPS Compliance Reports filed August 1, 2019 provide detail for the amount and number of long- term contracts in place by ESPs as of the date of those filings 23 See Workshop Comments filed by Shell Energy. 24 See 2019 CahloniaRenewable Porffolio nagdarel Amid Report, pg. 20 19 I Page The CPUC has very limited jurisdiction over the emission of criteria pollutants and toxic air pollutants. CPUC jurisdiction consists of setting emission standards for criteria air pollutants related to IOU owned Biomass facilities. The CPUC minimizes the emission of criteria air pollutants through the requirements established by SB 100, which, in addition to setting more ambitious RPS goals, requires that the State "Reduc[e] air pollution, particularly criteria pollutant emissions and toxic air contaminants."' Additionally, the CPUC requires that LSEs "minimize localized air pollutants" in their Integrated Resource Plans. The CPUC's ability to assess the impact of expansion of Direct Access on criterial and toxic pollutants is limited by the fact that most emissions in the state's electric system occur as the result of unspecified transactions in the CATS° energy market. These unspecified energy purchases are not tied to a specific generator or even resource type. However, as was discussed in section 2.1.1 and illustrated in Figure 3, unspecified purchases are the primary source of brown power in the energy resource mix of the system. While it is not feasible to calculate the criteria air pollutants for each ISE, it can be reasonably concluded that air pollutant levels would be higher if LSEs primarily procure unspecified power rather than power from specified carbon-free resources through long- term renewable contracts. As discussed in Section 2.1.4, new RPS standards require that LSEs procure 65 percent of their RPS through contracts of 10-years or more, and primarily from in-state resources. While the new compliance requirements adopted in RPS and IRP will likely require ESPs to shift toward a greener portfolio, we anticipate that ESPs will continue to rely on unspecified energy procurement to the extent they can. If Direct Access is further opened and ESPs continue their past practice of relying on unspecified power as a significant source of their procurement, this could lead to an increase in criteria air pollutants. 2.3 Ensuring Reliability with Expansion of Direct Access 2.3.1 How the CPUC Ensures Reliability The CPUC manages electric reliability through the Resource Adequacy (R. 17-09-020) and IRP proceedings (R.16-02-007). The purpose of the Resource Adequacy program is to ensure that existing resources needed for reliability are kept online by requiring that CPUC jurisdictional LSEs have sufficient capacity under contract to meet their peak demand plus a 15 percent planning reserve margin. LSEs also are subject to local and flexible capacity obligations to ensure the resources needed for local grid reliability and renewable intc-gration are under contract. 25Clean Air Act permitting is the shared responsibility of the California Air Resources Board (CARB), its 35 air pollution control agencies (districts), and EPA Region 9. California's 35 local Air Pollution Control Districts or Air Quality Management Districts are responsible for regional air quality planning, monitoring, and stationary source and facility permitting. The Air Quality Management Districts are responsible for the monitoring the criteria air pollutants emitted by California electricity generators Public Utilities Code Section 399.11 (a) (1) 20 Page The Resource Adequacy program began implementation in 2006 pursuant to AB 380 (Nunez, 2005). Current Resource Adequacy requirements are meant to provide thc energy market with sufficient forward capacity to meet peak demand, ensure local area reliability and ensure reliable integration of renewable energy. LSEs are required to make annual and monthly showing to the CPUC reflecting that they meet their Resource Adequacy system, local and flexible Resource Adequacy requirements. In D. 20-06-002, the CPUC adopted a centmli7ed procurement entity (CPE) that will be charged with procuring local RA on behalf of all LSEs in PG&E's and SCE's service territories. Longer-run reliability is addressed through the IRP process, which identifies the mix of new and existing resources that will be needed to ensure reliability (as well as meet GHG targets) over the longer run. The IRP identifies long-run needs by modeling system resources ten years into the future to determine the level of procurement needed to meet forecasted demand. If the IRP identifies a shortfall, the CPUC may order new procurement based on those findings, as discussed in Section 2.1. Investment in new generation benefits all customers by lowering the risks of Resource Adequacy shortfalls for all LSEs. However, because the costs of the investing in new resources are considerable and all LSEs receive the benefits, each LSE has a financial disincentive to invest in new generation. This creates a tendency for an unregulated market to underinvest in reliability, creating the potential for capacity shortages. Beginning in 2006, California addressed this potential market failure by requiring the IOUs to procure new generation with independent generators on behalf of all LSEs. D.06-07-029 adopted a Cost Allocation Mechanism (CAM) to ensure that IOUs can recover the costs of these investments from other LSEs. The CAM works by allocating the net capacity costs of investments to all customers through a non-bypassable charge. The capacity benefits are then allocated to LSEs based on monthly peak load-shares. The guaranteed cost recovery provided by the CAM mechanism allows the IOUs to act as central procurement agents for the other LSEs in their service territory to ensure that the new resource needs identified through the Commission's long-term planning processes are built and paid for by all customers who will benefit, both bundled and unbundled. D.20-06-002 adopted a more formal central procurement structure, the Central Procurement Entity (CPE) to ensure that local Resource Adequacy needs are met in PG&E and SCE's service territories. The CPE will procure local Resource Adequacy on behalf of all LSEs and make sure the costs are shared equitably. Initially the IOUs will fulfill the CPE function, but this function may be fulfilled by other entities in the future. 2.3.2 Current Reliability Shortfalls Identified in Resource Adequacy and IRP Recent trends documented in Energy Division's 2019 State of the Resource Adequacy Market Reportr indicate a tightening market for Resource Adequacy. The Market Report documents that for the 2019 Resource Adequacy compliance year, 11 LSEs had year ahead local deficiencies, 6 had year- ahead system deficiencies, and 5 had year-ahead flexible deficiencies in 2019. One reason reported for local waiver requests was that LSEs could not identify available local capacity at any price. Many 27Issueci in R.17-09-020 Assigned Commissioner's ruling on September 3, 2019 211 Page of these deficiencies persisted through the year in 2019 month-ahead filings. These trends also continued into 2020 Year-ahead filings, where 20 LSE requested local waivers.' While the CPE adopted in D. 20-06-002 will procure local Resource Adequacy, system and flex Resource Adequacy requirements will remain the responsibility of the LSEs. Appendix A includes the list of Resource Adequacy citations issued from 2006-2019. Of the 90 citations issued since 2006, 77 have been issued to ESPs, approximately 85 percent. Compliance with Resource Adequacy obligations is the CPUC's primary mechanism to ensure reliability. The ESPs' poor compliance record is an indication that expanding Direct Access to all non-residential customers could lead to shortfalls in resource adequacy. Furthermore, the total citation penalties amounts increased sharply in 2018. Prior to 2018 the total annual citations issued averaged $27,518 per year. The CPUC issued $2.6 million in citations in 2018 and $9.5 million in 2019, plus an additional $8.8 million in enforcement penalties. The magnitude of this increase is an indicator of a short supply in Resource Adequacy market. The tightening Resource Adequacy market has made it difficult and more expensive to procure Resource Adequacy contracts, particularly for newer LSEs. LSEs will only pay Resource Adequacy citations if there is no available Resource Adequacy capacity to procure, or the needed Resource Adequacy costs more than the citations themselves. Either way, the LSE's failure to procure Resource Adequacy contracts creates a capacity shortfall for the entire system, which drives up energy prices for all customers and puts system reliability at risk. The system capacity shortfall identified in the Resource Adequacy proceeding is being addressed in the IRP proceeding. D.19-11-016 ordered that 3,300 MW of additional capacity be procured by Summer 2021 and assigned each LSE a share of the procurement obligation based on their proportion of the total load.' D.19-11-016 further required that 50 percent of the required resources come online by August 1, 2021, 75 percent by August 1, 2022, and 100 percent by August 1, 2023. As a stopgap measure to ensure reliability until the new generation is online, the decision recommended to the State Water Board that generation contracts for several large Once Through Cooling generators that were slated to retire by December 31, 2020, be extended through 2022.3° CCAs and ESPs may choose to self-procure resources to meet their procurement obligations or may elect to have the IOU procure on their behalf. However, D.19-11-016 directed CPUC staff to develop a mechanism similar to CAM to address cost allocation associated with both LSEs that choose to opt out of self-procurement and with LSEs that opt in (to self-provide) but fail to meet their obligations.' This mechanism is still being developed in the IRP proceeding.' 28September 2020 Revised State of the Resource Adequacy Market Report. 29 D. 19-11 -016, Finding of Fact 5, p.68 and Ordering Paragraph 3, pp. 80-81. 30 D. 19-11-016, Ordering Paragraph 1, pp. 79-80. 31 D. 19-11-016, Ordering Paragraph 5, p. 82. 32.R. 16-02-007 22 I Page 2.3.3 Challenges to Meeting Resource Adequacy Shortfall in a Disaggregated Market D.19-11-016 is the first time that the CPUC has ordered non-IOU LSEs to direcdy procure new generation capacity. It represents a test of whether individual LSEs in a competitive, disaggregated market can effectively procure the resources needed to meet their long-term reliability obligations. As stated in D.19-11-016 "[t]his is also an appropriate place to test how well the obligated LSEs perform when given a procurement requirement for system reliability and renewable integration resources in the context of IRP."33 There are several challenges to addressing the reliability challenges identified in D.19-11-016. There are now over 40 LSEs that must build new generation. Even if each LSF, is each able to meet its resource obligations, it is uncertain whether the state will obtain the most cost-effective mix of energy resources from up to 40 independent procurements that can meet GHG targets while meeting local and flexible resource adequacy. As explained in Section 2.1.3, load migration makes it challenging for ESPs to accurately forecast load and therefore to sign the long-term contracts needed to finance new resource development. Staff acknowledges that several of the challenges with meeting reliability are not isolated to Direct. Access but are also created by load migration from CCA formation. However, as stated in previous sections, reopening Direct Access will exacerbate these challenges since it creates planning and procurement uncertainty for CCAs. Finally, the ESPs' procurement processes lack transparency when compared to IOUs' and CCAs' procurement processes. IOUs receive up-front authorization from the CPUC for their bundled procurement plans and submit all procurement contracts to the CPUC for review and approval. The CPUC does not approve CCA procurements, but the CCAs' procurement plans are reviewed by their boards at public meetings and agenda packets containing details of procurement transactions are published on their public websites. In contrast, ESPs generally do not make information about their procurement practices available to the public and claim privilege and confidentiality to avoid disclosing information to the CPUC. This lack of transparency means that the CPUC cannot check on the progress of ESP procurement activities towards compliance targets and propose remedies if it seems likely that an ESP will fail to meet its obligations. While P.U. Code 394.25 provides the grounds for the CPUC to suspend or revoke an ESP's registration under certain conditions, it does not the CPUC the authority to revoke licenses of ESPs due to repeated failure to comply with procurement requirements. Staff recommends that the Legislature consider extending the authority provided by P.U. Code 394.25 to ensure that a few ESPs who are out of compliance do not undermine the competitive market and put system reliability at risk. 33 D.19-11-016 at 39 23 I Page 2.3.4 Mechanisms Under Development to Address Reliability in a More Fragmented Retail Market The CPUC is currently considering new procurement and cost allocation mechanisms in the TRP •and Resource Adequacy proceedings that could solve the challenges of meeting reliability requirements in a fragmented energy market. As discussed in Section 2.3.2, D.19-11-016 allows LSEs to self-procure to meet IRP requirements, while also directing thc development a CAM-like mechanism for LSEs that opt out or fail to meet their procurement obligation. D.19-11-016 also creates a backstop procurement mechanism to be conducted by the IOU on behalf of LSEs that fail to self-provide may come at a higher cost. However, it remains to be seen whether a backstop procurement mechanism can deliver generation resources quickly enough to avoid near-term system reliability issues. The CPUC is also considering new structures to ensure reliability despite the load uncertainty that characterizes the current market in the RA proceeding (R. 17-09-020). D.18-06-030 determined that multi-year local Resource Adequacy should be procured through a central buyer that will purchase all local Resource Adequacy contracts on behalf of all LSEs. D.20-02-006 directed PG&E and SCE to act as centralized procurements entities for Local Resource Adequacy in their respective service territories. While central procurement has only been adopted for local Resource Adequacy,' a broader use of centrali7ed procurement might be an effective way to overcome the challenges identified above related to load migration as these affect other kinds of procurement as well. 2.4 Ensuring Direct Access Expansion Does Not Result in Cost Shifting to Bundled Customers P.U. Code Sections 366.1 and 366.2 require that customers leaving IOU bundled service do not burden remaining customers with stranded costs that were incurred to serve them. To ensure that bundled customers remain indifferent to the cost of load departures, CCA and Direct Access customers are required to pay the Power Charge Indifference Adjustment (PCIA) for the "stranded" or above market costs of resources procured by the IOUs on their behalf before they departed. The PCIA. is intended to capture the largest potential cost-shifts between bundled and u-nbundled customers. In 2018 and 2019, the CPUC refined the PCIA methodology,' adding mechanisms to cap the annual increase of the PCIA charge and to adjust the PCIA charge to reflect actual market prices for Resource Adequacy and RPS resources. The CPUC continues to consider further methods to fairly allocate costs and resources through Phase 2 of the PCIA Rulemaking (R.17-06-026). If Direct Access is expanded to more nonresidential customers, the PCIA refinements that the CPUC has already adopted and is still considering should address most of the cost-shifting concerns related to 34 D.20-06-002, Ordering Paragraph 3, p. 91. 35 See D.18-10-019 and D.19-10-001. 24 I Page stranded investments in resources. However, in Settions 2.4.1 and 2.4.2 below, we consider other classes of potential cost shifts that are not addressed by the PCIA. 2.4.1 Failure to meet Procurement Obligations will lead to Cost Shifting Procurement costs will be equitably allocated to customers if all LSEs meet their own procurement obligations. if LSEs request waivers to meeting their Resource Adequacy requirements, then backstop procurement will be needed, which drives up the overall market cost. In the event the LSE's failure to procure sufficient resources to ensure reliability, the CAISO may procure additional resources under its "Reliability Must Run" program. These CAISO out-of-market procurements are based on a "cost of service" rate that often times is much more expensive than competitive procurements. These costs are allocated to all customers and can lead to cost shifting. To minimize the need to rely on this costly mechanism, the CPUC has developed a backstop procurement mechanism to order procurement through the Resource Adequacy program when one or more LSE fails to meet its procurement obligations. As discussed in the Section 2.3, the CPUC backstop mechanism's costs are allocated to the LSE that is short on its obligation. Reliance on backstop procurement to meet system need will further tighten the market for all LSEs and continue to drive up energy prices, which would also drive up rates for bundled customers. California has experienced a significant increase in energy prices due to the tightening of the market since 2018, which will be exacerbated if LSEs fail to secure procurement for new generation. The cost allocation accounting of new mechanisms such as backstop procurement is extremely complex, and it is not clear how these costs should be reallocated if an LSE goes bankrupt or its customers migrate to a new LSE. Staff is uncertain that these many different mechanisms will continue to function as designed if there are several different types of allocation mechanism layered in the IOU billing systems. If they do not function as designed, there is the potential for additional cost shifting. 2.4.2 Load Migration May Lead to Cost Shifting within Customer Classes IOU tariffs group customers into different rate classes based on similar characteristics to serve that class. Despite recent reforms to rate structures such as the limited adoption of time-of-use rates, tariffs do not perfectly reflect the cost of serving each individual customer in that rate class. Rather, each IOU tariff class includes customers that have more attractive load-profiles, and thus are less expensive to serve, and other customers with load-profiles that are more costly to serve. When customers with a different cost to serve all pay the same rate, the low cost of service customers are essentially subsidizing those who are more expensive to serve. Direct Access expansion could lead to cost shifting by changing the composition of customers within each rate class. This could occur because customers with a lower cost of service have an economic incentive to depart IOU service, leaving the IOUs with customers with a higher average cost-of-service. Under competitive market conditions we can expect that the customers with a lower cost-of-service will be more likely to choose ESP service since they can reap the greatest benefit in 25 I Page terms of cost savings. This migration would change the composition of IOU tariff classes, leaving the IOUs with a pool of higher cost customers. To cover the higher average cost of serving the remaining pool of customers, IOUs would need to increase their rates for affected rate classes. 2.4.3 CCAs Have No Mechanism to Recover Stranded Costs While SB 237 is focused on the potential undue cost shifting between bundled customers and Direct Access customers, there is also the potential cost shifting impacts to CCA customers. With the long- term procurement obligations established in 1RP and RPS, a rapid or unforeseeable departure of load departure from CCAs could leave them with significant stranded costs that they cannot fully recover through market transactions. If these stranded costs are significant enough that a CCA. fails, residential customers of a CCA, including low-income customers, would be returned to either the IOU or the otherwise designated Provider of Last Resort (POLR). At this this time, the legislature has not asked the CPUC to consider potential exit fees or negotiated compensation for the CCAs load obligations. However, Staff recommends that the Legislature consider the CPUC's authority in allowing CCAs to recover the costs of investments that are stranded because of unforeseen load departure to address these potential impacts. 26 I Page 3. Recommendations on the Schedule to Reopen Direct Access The Staff recommendations below identify the key conditions and requirements that ESPs should meet prior to reopening any Direct Access services to nonresidential customers. Staff recommendations also address timing parameters that should be taken into account if the Legislature elects to reopen Direct Access. Should the Legislature enact an expansion of Direct Access to all non-residential customers, staff recommends that the expansion should proceed on a gradual basis to minimize planning disruptions associated with load departure. Conditions and Demonstrations for Reopening Direct Access: Determination of reopening Direct Access should be made no earlier than 2024, after the first phase of Direct Access expansion mandated by P.U. Code Section 365.1(f) is completed. This schedule will also allow the IRP procurement ordered by D.19-11-016 to be completed, and the ESPs to demonstrate that they will meet the RPS 10-year contracting requirements. This schedule also allows time for the CPUC to develop, adopt, and implement the procurement mechanisms, such as backstop procurement, that are needed in the event that LSEs fall short of fulfilling any of their procurement obligations. If the Legislature chooses to open Direct Access, we recommend that reopening be conditioned on ESPs' demonstrated compliance with the following obligations: ›- Integrated Resource Planning o ESPs submit robust, transparent IRPs that: •provide more certainty about individual ESP planning and forecasting over a 10-year time horizon, AND •can be meaningfully aggregated with plans from other LSEs to form an integrated resource plan for all CPUC-jurisdictional LSEs without causing reliability or renewable integration issues; AND o ESPs either: •meet all procurement requirements pursuant to D.19-11-016; OR •participate in successful cost allocation of their procurement obligation using the modified CAM and backstop procurement mechanism directed by 0.19- 11-016: AND •demonstrate a track record of procuring new resources in line with their submitted IRP portfolios. >Renewable Portfolio Standard o ESPs meet their RPS obligations for 2021-2024 compliance period; AND o ESPs meet 10-year contracting obligations in RPS •Resource Adequacy (RA) 27 I Page o ESPs comply with all Resource Adequacy requirements including multi-year year ahead flexible and system, and month ahead system and flexible obligations. Table 3 (below) provides a timeline for these various compliance obligations. Table 3: Timeline of compliance obligations for IRP, Resource Adequacy, and RPS. 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 Phase One SB 237 4,000 GW11 increase to the Direct Access Cap IRP Filing Requirements July 1 I.SEs must file long-term procurement and implementation plans • ISTis must file long-term procurement and implementation plans if IRP remains on a two-year cycle IRP Procurement (D.19-11-016) CPUC develops and approves a modified CAM mechanism. 50 % of obligations by Aug, 2021 75 % of obligations by Au Zea, 2022 100% of obligations by Aug, 2023 Resource Adequacy Requirements Annual and Monthly local, system and flex obligations. Multi-year local RA obligations. Annual and Monthly local, system and flex obligations. Multi-year local RA obligations. Annual and Monthly local, system and flex obligations. Multi-year local RA obligations. Annual and Monthly local, system and flex obligations. Multi-year local RA obligations. Annual and Monthly local, system and flex obligations. Multi-year local RA obligations. RPS Compliance End of the second RPS Compliance Period. End of the third RPS Compliance Period. Recommended Direct Access Reopening Schedule: Should the above conditions and demonstration be met and the Legislature choose to reopen direct access to non-residential customers, the CPUC Energy Division Staff recommends that the Legislature follow historical precedents from SB 695 and SB 237 and phase-in additional Direct Access load incrementally. Incremental phase-in will enable LSEs to better plan for potential load- departures and thus create fewer potential cost-shift and reliability issues. Additionally, a phased-in approach provides consistency and a planning horizon for customers and avoids snap decisions 28 I Page from customers rushing into Direct Access to take advantage of a one-time opportunity. We recommend the following phase-in schedule and conditions: >Set an initial re-opening schedule of increments equal to 10 percent of eligible non- residential load per year. >Condition each annual expansion on CPUC review and approval of compliance with IRP, Resource Adequacy and RPS requirements, as subject to CPUC approval. >Order annual expansion to take place on a schedule that will allow Load Serving Entities (LSEs) the ability to fully comply with Resource Adequacy requirements. >ESPs must comply with the requirements of D.18-06-030 requiring all LSEs (including ESPs) to participate in all aspects of the year-ahead Resource Adequacy process for load they plan to serve in the following year and the "binding load forecast process" adopted in D.19-06-026. The migration of 10 percent of non-residential load per year will minimize the planning disruptions associated with load departure identified in this report and allow the CPUC and the market sufficient time to develop the structures needed for long-term resource development in a fragmented market Recommendations for Legislative Action: The CPUC recommends that the following legislative action is considered in order to ensure that GHG emissions, reliability and cost shifting provisions are met: >Provide CPUC clear authority to enforce compliance for MP GHG goals for all LSEs subject to P.U. Code Section 454.52 (b). >Ensure that the CPUC continues to have dear authority to enforce the state's Resource Adequacy goals defined in P.U. Code Section 380. > Amend P.U. Code Section 949.25 to provide the CPUC with the authority to revoke ESP licenses and CCA registration for repeated non-compliance with Resource Adequacy, RPS or IRP requirements. >Ensure that provisions to ensure that there is no cost shifting as the result of customer moving between different LSE (Electric Corporations, CCAs, and ESPs) are applied equitable to all customers. 29 I Page Consumer Protection Enforcement Division Resource Adequacy Citations Compliance Year Citations Issued Citations Issued on ESPs LSE,s Cited Total Citation Penalties Enforcement Cases Enforcement Cases on ESPs LSEs Enforced Total Enforcement Penalties 2006 1 1 Commerce Energy $1,500 0 0 0 2007 3 3 3Phascs; Commerce Energy; Amer. Util. Network $5,000 1 1 CNE $107,500 2008 7 7 3Phases (2); Commerce Energy (2); Corona DWP; Sempra Energy; Shell Energy $17,000 1 1 Calpine $225,000 2009 4 4 Commerce Energy (3); CNE $26,500 1 1 CNE $300,000 2010 5 4 Commerce Energy; Pilot Power Group (2), Direct Energy Business, SDG&E $25,500 0 0 2011 2 2 Liberty Power; Tiger Nat Gas $7,000 1 0 PG&E $215,000 2012 4 3 Glacial Energy of CA, Shell Energy, SDG&E, Direct Energy Business $14,600 0 (.) 0 2013 5 4 SDG&E, Commerce Energy, 3 Phases, Liberty Power (2) $26,500 2014 1 1 3 Phases $5,000 0 0 0 2015 6 6 3 Phases (2), Commerce Energy (2), EDF Industrial, Glacial Energy $38,000 0 0 0 2016 3 3 Tiger Natural Gas, Glacial Energy, Shell Energy $13,500 0 0 0 2017 6 4 Commercial Energy of Montana (2), CleanPowerSF, Southern California Edison, Direct Energy Business, Tiger Natural Gas $150,110 0 0 0 2018 10 8 AmericanPol.verNet Management, Just Energy Solutions (5), Direct Energy Business, Pilot Power Group, Pioneer Community Energy (2) $2,593,439 0 2019 33 27 Just Energy Solutions (12), Commercial Energy (8), Agera Energy (6), San Jose Clean Energy (3), East Bay Community Energy (2), Valley Clean Energy (2), Pioneer Community Energy $9,549,716 21 18 $2,758,560 Total 90 77 $12,473,365 25 21 $3,606,061 30 I P age T SDAL ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL LAW October 1, 2020 Sent Via Email Mr. Ed Randolph Director, Energy Division California. Public Utilities Commission 505 Van Ness Avenue, Room 4004 San Francisco, CA 94102 RE: San Diego Community Power and Clean Energy Alliance's Protest of San Diego Gas & Electric Company's Advice Letter 3605-E Requesting Approval of System Reliability Contracts Resulting from San Diego Gas & Electric Company's Request for Offers Under D. 19-11-016 Dear Mr. Randolph: Pursuant to General Order ("GO") 96-B, San Diego Community Power ("SDCP") and Clean Energy Alliance ("CEA") file this protest to San Diego Gas & Electric Company's ("SDG&E") Advice Letter ("AL") 3605-E titled Request for Approval of System Reliability contracts Resulting from SDG&E 's Request for Qffers Under D. 19-11-01e To fulfill its incremental procurement obligation ordered by Decision ("D.") 19-11-016, SDG&E seeks approval of two resources adequacy ("RA") purchase agreements and one power purchase agreement ("PPA") with a third-party owned battery energy storage system (together, the "Contracts"), as well as two battery energy storage systems to be constructed by a third-party and owned and operated by SDG&E (the "EPC Agreements").2 SDG&E also seeks Commission authorization to recover the cost of the Contracts and the EPC Agreements through customer rates and to track and record net costs related to incremental procurement in a Resource Adequacy Procurement Memorandum Account ("RAPMA") until a modified Cost Allocation Mechanism ("CAM") is adopted in Rulemaking ("R.") 20-05-003.3 SDCP and CEA take issue with SDG&E choosing to procure from costly resources for extended terms despite the fact that a majority of SDG&E's bundled service customers will be departing for Community Choice Aggregation ("CCA") programs, like SDCP and CEA, next year.4 While D. 19-11-016 required SDG&E to conduct an all-source solicitation, it required AL-3605-E was submitted on September 11, 2020. 2 AL-3605 at 1. 3 Id.; Appendix A. 4 AL-3605 at Appendix C, SDG&E Independent Evaluator Report — 2021-2023 1RP Reliability RFO, Tranche 1, Sep. 11, 2020 at 37. T SDAL ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL LAW consideration of existing as well as new resources and storage.5 Contracts for existing resources are required to be of at least three years in length, while contracts for new resources were required to be at least ten years.' Given impending bundled customer departures beginning in 2021, SDG&E's solicitation should have given priority to existing, shorter-term resources. Instead, SDG&E used its incremental procurement obligation as an opportunity to invest in costly, long-term, lithium ion battery energy storage projects at ratepayer expense. Since these costs will be allocated to ratepayers, a majority of which will be soon departing from bundled service, on a non-bypassable basis, SDG&E will effectively shift these costs to its competitors while retaining the resources' long-term benefits.7 Accordingly, to prevent SDG&E from imposing unnecessarily high non-bypassable charges ("NBCs") on CCA customers, the Commission should deny AL-3605 and direct SDG&E to revise its solicitation methodology to prioritize existing, shorter term resources. Alternatively, in recognition of the unique circumstances around the application of D. 19-11- 016's requirement that at least 50 percent of the new incremental capacity be delivered by August 1, 2021 in the San Diego region, SDCP and CEA request that SDG&E clarify whether the proposed contracts will be accessible to SDCP and CEA through allocation, assignment, or some other mechanism. For example, SDG&E should clarify whether the contracts contain a provision allowing for the assignment of the resources from the utility's portfolio to the newly formed CCA programs that had no chance to self-procure. 8 An assignment provision of this nature would permit SDCP, CEA and SDG&E to negotiate on a voluntary basis, or subject to a later Commission-approved process, for the orderly transfer of resources for fair value. SDG&E would retain the right to enter into any assignment and would not be prejudiced or otherwise harmed. BACKGROUND SDCP was formed by the participating cities of San Diego, Chula Vista, Encinitas, Imperial Beach and La Mesa in December 2019, one month after the Commission issued D. 19- 11-016.9 The CCA program will launch and begin serving load in 2021, and at full enrollment, 5 D. 19-11-016, Decision Requiring Electric System Reliability Procurement for 2027-2023, Rulemaking ("R.") 16-02-007, Nov. 7, 2019 at Ordering Paragraph ("OP") 7. 6 D. 19-11-016 at OP 10. 7 Id. at 67. "We also clarify that the capacity procured by the IOUs in response to this decision will be allocated on a non-bypassable basis through a modified earn mechanism and no PC1A. In other words, we will not reduce the cost allocation amounts to be recovered by the IOUs after load migrates." 8 D. 19-11-016 at OP 3. 9 See San Diego Community Power Community Choice Aggregation Implementation Plan and Statement of Intent ("SDCP Implementation Plan"), December 9, 2019. 2 T SDAL ENERGY 8 ENVIRONMENTAL LAW SDCP will serve a total of approximately 740,000 customer accounts currently served by SDG&E.1° CEA was formed in November 2019 and plans to initiate CCA customer service in early 2021, providing electric generation service to approximately 58,000 service accounts located within the member cities of Carlsbad, Del Mar and Solana Beach.11 Both SDCP and CEA are actively engaged in a number of steps to develop their respective programs, including resource planning and rate structure finalization. In D. 19-11-016, the Commission imposed an additional 3,300 megawatt ("MW") system resource adequacy ("RA") procurement obligation on all load serving entities ("LSE") to be met by August 2023.12 Each LSEs' share of the 3,300 MW was allocated on a pro-rata basis using the 2018 Integrated Energy Policy Report ("IEPR") load forecast, adopted by the California Energy Commission ("CEC") in February 2019, with the 2021 projected load shares identi fied in Form 1.1c, "California Energy Demand Update Forecast 2018-2030, Mid Demand Baseline Case, Mid Additional Achievable Energy Efficiency and Additional Achievable Photovoltaics." 13 With regard to LSE obligations in the SDG&E service territory, the Commission allocated 292.9 MW of capacity to SDG&E's bundled customers, 52.7 MW to SDG&E Direct Access ("DA"), and 1.1 MW to the Solana Energy Alliance.14 Because this decision was issued prior to the formation of SDCP and CEA, no obligation was allocated to either CCA program. Investor-owned utilities ("IOUs") were required to conduct an all-source solicitation to meet the incremental system RA obligation, and to consider existing as well as new resources, demand-side resources, combined heat and power, and storage. 15 The decision also set a ten year minimum for new resource procurement contracts, a five year minimum for energy efficiency resources, and a three year minimum for existing resources.16 In the event that a CCA or electric service provider ("ESP") declines or fails to fully procure their allocated obligation, the IOUs are required to procure on the LSE's behalf and allocate capacity to the LSE's customers on a non-bypassable basis through a modified Cost SDCP implementation Plan at 22. See https://www.thecleanenergyalliance.org/studies-reports '2 D. 19-11-016 atOP 3. 13 Id. at Conclusion of Law 18, OP 3. 14 Id. at OP 3. 'Id. at OP 7. 16 Id. at OP 10. 3 T SDAL ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL LAW Allocation Mechanism ("CAM").17 The Commission clarified that, since the CAM, and not the Power Charge Indifference Adjustment ("PCIA"), will be used, an IOU's cost allocation amounts will not be reduced due to load migration.18 As such, while neither SDCP nor CEA have the right to self-procure under D. 19-11-016, SDCP and CEA customers will be continue to be charged for their share of SDG&E's incremental procurement costs on a non-bypassable basis even after departing for CCA service. The decision requires 50% of each LSE's portion to be online by August 1, 2021, 75% by August 1, 2022, and 100% by August 1, 2023.19 Due to opt-out decisions by SEA and certain DA providers, SDG&E must procure an additional 8.4 MW of capacity, resulting in a total procurement obligation of 301.3 MW, with at least 150.65 MW to be put online by August 1, 2021.20 To fulfill its 301.3 MW obligation, SDG&E, conducted a single all-source solicitation to procure resources for all three online delivery dates and provided specific protocols for offers from various preferred resources including Energy Efficiency, Demand Response, Renewable Generation, Combined Heat and Power, and Energy Storage.21 In AL-3605, SDG&E proposes to procure from five lithium ion battery energy storage systems, two of which will be owned and operated by SDG&E.22 The remaining three Contracts would be for a term of 15 years each. 23 Altogether, SDG&E's proposed transactions would provide 164 MW, approximately 13 MW more than the 50 percent target, of total capacity by August 1, 2021.24 PROTEST SDCP and CEA file this protest against AL 3605-E on the grounds that the relief requested is unjust, unreasonable, or disctiminatory.25 SDCP and CEA customers will be forced to pay non-bypassable charges ("NBCs") to cover the cost of SDG&E's procurement even though SDCP and CEA had no ability to self-procure for the resources. SDG&E's decision to 17 Id. at OP 5. 181d. at 67. 19 Id. at OP 3. 2° AL-3605 at 2. 21 AL-3605 at Appendix C, SDG&E Independent Evaluator Report — 2021-2023 1RP Reliability RFO, Tranche 1, Sep. 11, 2020 at 1. 22 Id. at 9. 23 Id. 24 AL-3605 at 2. 25 See GO-96B, General Rule 7.4.2. 4 T SDAL ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL LAW meet its procurement obligation through long-term new battery storage projects, rather than through short-term existing resources, will essentially require SDCP and CEA customers to assume the risk of SDG&E's investment. To prevent this unjust, unreasonable, and discriminatory outcome, the Commission should deny SDG&E's proposal and instruct SDG&E to procure shorter-term resources. Separately, SDG&E should be required to clarify whether the Contracts and the utility owned resources secured under the EPC Agreements are accessible to CCA programs through allocation, assignment or other mechanism. A. SDCP and CEA Ratepayers will be Forced to Cover a Majority of SDG&E's Procurement Costs The Commission issued D. 19-11-016 in recognition of a need for system RA and renewable integration resources beginning in 2021 and extending through at least 2023.26 SDG&E's 292.9 IVEW capacity allocation represented load forecasts at the time showing that SDG&E would be serving the majority of the region's load in 2021.27 Circumstances have changed, however, and a majority of SDG&E's bundled service customers will be departing for CCA service beginning in 2021. Despite this shift, SDG&E's obligation remains the same, and SDG&E will be required to procure incremental capacity on behalf of SDCP and CEA customers even after they depart. As with capacity procured for customers of opt-out LSEs, capacity procured in response to this decision and the resulting costs will be allocated on a non- bypassable basis to SDCP and CEA customers. The Commission should not allow SDG&E to incur unnecessarily high procurement costs and pass a majority of the costs on to its competitor's customers without providing SDCP and CEA an opportunity to access the resources that are ultimately approved. After D.19-11-016 was issued, two new CCA programs, SDCP and CEA, were formed and plan to begin serving load in SDG&E service territory beginning in 2021.28 The recent load forecast issued in the previous IRP proceeding reflected that approximately 61.60% of SDG&E's 2020 bundled service load will shift to new CCA or DA programs in the SDG&E Planning Area by 2022.29 The forecast further reflects that a majority of that load departure is attributable to SDCP and 26 D. 19-11-016 at Finding of Fact 17. 27 Id. at Finding of Fact 24. 28 See San Die:zo Community Power Community Choice Aggregation Implementation Plan and Statement of Intent December 9, 2019; Clean Energy Alliance Community Choice Aggregation Implementation Plan and Statement of Intent, December 19, 2019. 29 See Administrative Law Judge's Ruling Correcting April 15, 2020 Ruling Finalizing Load Forecasts and Greenhouse Gas Benchmarks for Individual 2020 _Integrated Resource Plan Filings', R. 16-02-007, dated May 20, 2020, Attachment A at 2. (The load forecast table shows that SDG&E's estimated load will fall from 13,959-Gigawatt Hours ("GWh") in 2020 to 5,359 GWh in 2022). 5 T SDAL ENERGY& ENVIRONMENTAL LAW CEA as they begin serving customers in 2021.30 As such, the majority of incremental capacity that SDG&E procures for 2021-2023 will be attributed to and paid for by SDCP and CEA customers while SDG&E—not SDCP or CEA—retains control over the contracts. This leaves SDCP and CEA in a position similar to an LSE that opts-out or fails to meet its obligation, despite SDCP and CEA having had no opportunity to self-procure. Such an outcome leaves SDCP and CEA powerless over SDG&E's procurement decisions and forces SDCP and CEA customers to pay the price. B.The Solicitation Process was Unreasonable SDG&E was imprudent in failing to take impending customer departures into account during the solicitation process. SDG&E's solicitation should have given priority to short-term contracts with existing resources because of impending bundled customer departures beginning in 2021. Instead, SDG&E set the minimum contract terms for all bids at 10 years, thus precluding the consideration of any short-term existing rcsources.31 SDG&E also gave the same priority to energy efficiency projects, which were allowed to be set for five years, and energy storage projects.' Given SDG&E's forecast demand reduction over the next three years, it was unreasonable to not place a priority on shorter term contracts during the solicitation process or to even allow for existing resource bids to be set at the minimum allowed by D. 19-11-016. Though bids were set at a minimum of ten years, SDG&E's proposed Contracts are for terms of 15 years each.33 Since these costs will be allocated to ratepayers, a majority of which will be soon departing from bundled service, on a non-bypassable basis, the Commission should not authorize SDG&E to enter into contracts for terms greater than the minimum required. Further, despite its obligation to procure system RA, SDG&E inexplicably added RA value to offers with points of interconnection within the SD-IV Local Resource Area.34 It appears as though such preferential treatment, not required by the Commission, further limited SDG&E's choices over projects. C.Resources Under the Proposed Contracts Should be Accessible to SDCP and CEA through Allocation or Assignment 3° See Id. (By 2022, SDCP will serve 7,407 GWh, CEA will serve 929 GWh, and DA programs will serve 3,940 GWh). 31 AL-3605, Appendix B.1 at 2. ("The minimum contract term for all bids was 10 years, except for energy efficiency bids, which had a minimum term of 5 years.") 32 Id. at 6. 33 AI-3605 at 9. 34 Id. 6 T SDAL ENERGY ENVIRONMENTAL LAW Since SDCP and CEA customers will be liable for SDG&E's procured capacity and associated costs despite SDCP and CEA's inability to self-procure, the Commission should ensure that the proposed Contracts are accessible and can be assigned to SDCP or CEA, or resources can be allocated to SDCP and CEA at a later date. The Independent Evaluator's report that was included as Attachment C to AL-3605 indicates that SDG&E's model RA confirm would have allowed free assignment to a central procurement entity, California CCA, or Joint Powers Authority.35 Since the remainder of that section is redacted, the AL is unclear as to whether SDG&E's proposed Contracts will allow for free assignment to SDCP and CEA. Given the circumstances described above, the Commission should not authorize SDG&E to enter into a contract that prevents SDG&E from assigning to a CCA. CONCLUSION While SDCP and CEA recognize that D. 19-11-016 provides a short procurement timcframe, SDG&E cannot be allowed to invest in costly energy storage systems at the expense of CCA customers without a means of accessing the resources. SDG&E engaged in a solicitation process that favored longer-term projects with full knowledge that the bulk of its customer load would be departing beginning in 2021 and that those customers would be allocated the capacity and costs on a non-bypassable basis. To prevent SDG&E from unjustly shifting imprudently incurred costs on CCA customers, the Commission should deny the proposed transactions or, in the very least, ensure that the procurement contracts contain provisions making the resources accessible to SDCP and CEA such as a reasonable assignment provision allowing customers of newly formed CCAs that were excluded from D. 19-11-016 to benefit from the power and capacity that was for all practical purposes purchased on their behalf. Respectfully, /s/ Ty Tosdal Ty Tosdal Tosdal, APC 777 S. Highway 101, Suite 215 Solana Beach, CA 92075 (858) 252-6416 ty@tosdalapc.com 35 Attachment C at 27. 7 T SDAL ENERGY & ENVIRONMENTAL LAW Attorney for San Diego Community Power and Clean Energy Alliance Copy (via e-mail): CPUC Energy Division (EDTariffUnit@cpuc.ca.gov) Gregory Anderson, SDG&E (ganderson@sdge.com) SDOETariffs@sdge.corn 8 CCA ADVANCING LOCAL ENERGY CHOICE September 29, 2020 CPUC Energy Division Attn: Tariff Unit and Edward Randolph, Director 505 Van Ness Avenue San Francisco, CA 94102 By email: EDTariffUnitAcpuc.ca.gov Re CalCCA Protest to Southern California Edison's and San Diego Gas and Electric's AMP Advice Letters in response to Decision 20-06-003 Dear Tariff Unit and Mr. Randolph: Pursuant to General Order 96-B, CalCCAI submits this protest to Southern California Edison Advice Letter 4287-E and San Diego Gas and Electric Advice Letter 3602-E / 2902-G ("Advice Letters"). Southern California Edison (SCE) and San Diego Gas and Electric (SDG&E) filed their Advice Letters on September 9, 2020 in response to Decision ("D") 20-06-003, Ordering Paragraph ("OP") 83 and OP 87. OP 83: To implement the arrearage management payment (AMP) plan, Pacific Gas and Electric Company, San Diego Gas & Electric Company, Southern California Edison Company, and Southern California Gas Company must each file a Tier 2 Advice Letter within 90 days of this decision to implement the AMP plan. OP 87: The issue of concern raised by CalCCA as it relates to the allocation of proportional recovery shall be discussed in the AMP working group and a proposed resolution shall be set forth in the Tier 2 Advice Letters that Pacific Gas and Electric Company, San Diego Gas & Electric Company, Southern California Edison Company, and Southern California Gas Company file. 1 CalCCA was formed in 2016 as a trade organization to facilitate joint participation in certain regulatory and legislative matters in which members share common interests. CalCCA's voting membership includes CCAs serving load and others in the process of implementing new service, including: Apple Valley Choice Energy, Baldwin Park Resident Owned Utility District, Central Coast Community Energy, CleanPowerSE, Clean Energy Alliance, Clean Power Alliance, Desert Community Energy, East Bay Community Energy, Lancaster Choice Energy, MCE, Peninsula Clean Energy, Pioneer Community Energy, Pico Rivera Innovative Municipal Energy, Pomona Choice Energy, Rancho Mirage Energy Authority, Redwood Coast Energy Authority, San Diego Community Power, San Jacinto Power, San Jose Clean Energy, Silicon Valley Clean Energy, Solana Energy Alliance, Sonoma Clean Power, Valley Clean Energy, and Western Community Energy. ADVANCING LOCAL ENERGY CHOICE While the Advice Letters adequately addresses the requirements established in D.20-06- 003, certain provisions require further clarification. 1.The Advice Letters should clarify how often SCE and SDG&E plan to remit amounts recovered for generation-related arrears to the CCA. CalCCA is supportive of SCE and SDG&E's proposals to have all debt forgiven through the AMP, including third-party charges, tracked in the residential uncollectibles balancing account and then recovered through the public purpose programs charge.2 Additionally, SCE states that it "will render amounts recovered for CCAs' generation-related AMP subsidies to the CCA"3 but does not clarify how often (e.g., on a monthly basis or quarterly basis) the amounts recovered would be transmitted to the CCA. SCE's Advice Letter should be re-filed to clarify this detail. Furthermore, CalCCA is concerned that SDG&E does not make any statement that it plans to render amounts recovered for forgiven CCA arrears to CCAs in its Advice Letter. Thus, the Advice Letter should be re-filed to clarify SDG&E intends to render all amounts recovered for third-party charges that are forgiven to the third party to which they were owed, and clarify the frequency and process through which such amounts will be rendered. Specifically, SDG&E should clarify whether it plans to remit funds collected to recover debt-forgiveness costs to CCA programs using the same process and with the same frequency, i.e., daily, that it uses to process CCA program charges under SDG&E Rule 27. To the extent that the remittance process deviates from the process described in Rule 27, SDG&E should provide a detailed explanation regarding how its plan differs from that process. 2.SCE and SDG&E should be required to provide program information at the intervals requested by the CCAs, and SDG&E should clarify what information it will provide CCAs that notify it that they intend to participate in the AMP. As described in the Advice Letters, SCE and SDG&E's proposals for additional information to-be reported to CCAs about the AMP differ significantly. SCE correctly describes that CalCCA requested the following information to-be able to track the status of unbundled customer who are enrolled in the AMP: 1.AMP Eligibility / Ineligibility Flag (requested weekly) 2.AMP Enrollment Flag (requested weekly) 3.AMP Start / End Date (requested weekly) 4.Missed Payments Tracking (requested daily) 5.Total Expected AMP Dollar Amount (requested daily) a. Total Expected Generation Dollar Amount 2 SDG&E Advice Letter at pp. 6-7 and SCE Advice Letter at p. 12. 3 SCE Advice Letter at p. 12. 2 LC CA ADVANCING LOCAL ENERGY MICE b. Total Expected Distribution Dollar Amount 6. Processed AMP Dollar Amount (requested daily) a.Processed Generation Dollar Amount b.Processed Distribution Dollar Amount.' Although CalCCA requested the information on a daily or weekly basis, CalCCA understands that both SCE and SDG&E will be implementing AMP through manual processes until SCE can automate the AMP in its customer service system and SDG&E completes deployment of its customer information system ("CIS"). SCE and SDG&E should clarify when they plan to automate the AMP program in their customer service systems, and provide the requested information at frequencies requested as much as possible.5 The information described above should be regularly provided to CCA programs on at least a weekly basis to provide timely information about AMP participation and avoid costly and time consuming account reconciliations that would be required if the data is provided on a.less frequent basis. Furthermore, SDG&E states that it "does not intend to deviate from any of the reports currently provided to its CCAs" and that it "will work with its current CCA, Solana Energy Alliance, to accommodate data requests prior to implementation of the new CIS system."6 CalCCA fmd this troublesome because having to formally data request information for an ongoing program is not only slow and inefficient but also does not allow a CCA to have any visibility into which of its customers are eligible for or enrolled in the AMP because eligibility is determined based on both IOU and third-party arrears. Additionally, the dollar value of arrears that are expected to be forgiven, the value of forgiven amounts that have been processed, and whether a customer has made the monthly payment it was supposed to make and is still in good standing in the program must be communicated to the CCAs that participate in the program. It is essential for a CCA to have access to data about the an-earage amounts it is owed that will be forgiven in order to update its billing system logic and billing system reporting to coordinate the third-party billing side of an unbundled customer's bill. 3. SCE should clarify whether a CCAs notice of intent to participate in the AMP is requested 45 days from the date of approval of the Advice Letters. SCE states that it "requests that the CCAs notify SCE within 45 days of this AL submittal regarding their intent to participate" in the AMP.7 CalCCA requests that SCE modify the Advice Letter to state that it requests notification 45 days after the approval of the Advice Letter. CalCCA finds it unreasonable that CCAs are being asked to determine whether or not they will participate in the AMP without knowing exactly what the final Advice Letters that are approved by the Commission will state about the how the AMP will be implemented. 4 SCE Advice Letter at p. 13. 5 SCE Advice Letter at p. 13. 6 SDG&E Advice Letter at p. 7. 7 SCE Advice Letter at p. 13. 3 14CALCCA ADVANCING LOCAL ENERGY CHOICE We thank the Commission for its consideration of this protest and urge the Commission to require SCE and SDG&E to re-file their Advice Letters to clarify the abovementioned issues. Respectfully submitted, Evelyn Kahl General Counsel to the California Community Choice Association cc: AdviceTariffManager@sce.com Karvn.Ganseckisce.com SDG&ETariffs(cilsdge.com GAndersonsdge.com Service List R. 18-07-005 4