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HomeMy WebLinkAbout2022-04-19; City Council; ; Climate Action Plan Annual Report for Reporting Period 5, Jan. 1, 2021 – Dec. 31, 2021, and Status of the Climate Action Plan UpdateCA Review _RMC_ Meeting Date: April 19, 2022 To: Mayor and City Council From: Scott Chadwick, City Manager Staff Contact: Katie Hentrich, Climate Action Plan Administrator katie.hentrich@carlsbadca.gov, 442-339-2623 Subject: Climate Action Plan Annual Report for Reporting Period 5, Jan. 1, 2021 – Dec. 31, 2021, and Status of the Climate Action Plan Update Districts: All Recommended Actions 1.Adopt a resolution accepting the Climate Action Plan Annual Report for reporting period 5, Jan. 1, 2021 – Dec. 31, 2021 2.Adopt a resolution directing staff to use a customized run of the San Diego Association of Governments’ most recent Activity Based Model tailored for Carlsbad in its update of the Climate Action Plan Executive Summary In 2015, the City of Carlsbad was one of the first cities in the county to adopt a qualified climate action plan, which outlines strategies and policies to reduce greenhouse gas emissions. Since then, the city has implemented several programs, updated city laws and taken other steps to surpass the Climate Action Plan’s 2020 target, which was to reduce greenhouse gases four percent below 2012 levels. As part of the Climate Action Plan’s implementation, staff report annually on its progress. This item summarizes those activities and results for the calendar year 2021. During that year, staff continued to implement the existing Climate Action Plan measures and actions and initiated a comprehensive update to the plan. This item also provides a status report on a project to update the Climate Action Plan, including options presented for the City Council’s consideration on which technical forecasting model staff will use for that update. The decision on updating the Climate Action Plan has effects on the timing of the update and the staff resources that will be required, as well as the consistency of the forecasts used for the city’s climate and housing plans. April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 1 of 41 Discussion Background The Climate Action Plan adopted by the City Council in 2015 was developed to help the city meet state-mandated goals for reducing greenhouse gas emissions and to meet the community’s goal of promoting a sustainable environment (Exhibit 4). The plan includes a greenhouse gas inventory to identify the magnitude of emissions within the city and forecast what those emissions will be in coming years. The plan also includes a range of measures and actions the city must pursue to reach its emissions reduction targets. The plan was amended by the City Council in 2020 (Amendment No. 1, approved by Resolution No. 2020-146). That amendment revised the greenhouse gas inventory, reduction targets and forecast, updated the reductions expected from existing measures and incorporated community choice energy1 as a new reduction measure. The City Council also approved a related addendum to the plan’s environment impact report. Progress in 2021 The city continued to make progress on implementing the Climate Action Plan during 2021. Accomplishments included: • Coordinated with, and provided data to staff at the San Diego Association of Governments, or SANDAG, for preparation of a 2020 greenhouse gas inventory and monitoring report, which is still being finalized by SANDAG • Launched the Clean Energy Alliance, a community choice energy joint powers authority, to provide alternative energy resources within the city2 • The City Council approved a Declaration of a Climate Emergency (Resolution No. 2021- 215, adopted Sept. 21, 2021) • Continued implementation of: o Ordinances related to energy efficiency, solar photovoltaic energy, wiring for electric vehicle charging and alternative water heating in new construction and major renovations o The city’s Transportation Demand Management Ordinance, which requires businesses of a certain size to prepare a plan to reduce the number of single- occupant vehicle trips by employees o The Carlsbad Green Business Program, which encourages businesses to conserve energy, water and other resources and recognizes their successes in those efforts o Climate Action Plan measures and actions related to:  Energy efficiency retrofits at city facilities  Installation of electric vehicle charging stations at city facilities  Purchasing plug-in hybrid and electric fleet vehicles 1 Community choice energy refers to cities and counties buying electricity on behalf of their residents and businesses, which enables them to select more environmentally friendly energy sources than are offered by existing utilities. 2 The City of Carlsbad partnered with the cities of Del Mar and Solana Beach to create the Clean Energy Alliance, a community choice energy joint powers authority. Recently, the cities of Escondido and San Marcos joined the Clean Energy Alliance. April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 2 of 41 • Coordinated with regional partners such as SANDAG, other local jurisdictions, the San Diego Regional Climate Collaborative and San Diego Gas & Electric More implementation details are included in Attachment A to Exhibit 1. Status of Climate Action Plan update Staff have been preparing a comprehensive update to the Climate Action Plan that began at the end of 2021. This update will continue to align the plan with updated state legislation and targets, further implement the city’s Sustainability Guiding Principles and Community Value of Sustainability and support the actions identified in the Declaration of a Climate Emergency approved by the City Council Sept. 21, 2021. The city has a professional services agreement with both the Energy Policy Initiatives Center and Ascent Environmental to evaluate the city’s Climate Action Plan and prepare an updated document. So far, the consultant’s team and staff have reviewed the plan’s existing measures, prepared a public outreach plan and began meeting with stakeholder groups, analyzed updated state legislation and policies and met with city staff from multiple departments. Choosing the forecasting model An important component of the process of updating the Climate Action Plan is estimating the primary sources and annual levels of greenhouse gas emissions for a baseline year and projecting estimated future trends and emissions. The baseline year and projections are included in a greenhouse gas inventory, which provides a detailed accounting of the sources and quantities of emissions generated from activities within the city. To prepare the greenhouse gas inventory, a variety of data must be used to forecast population, employment and transportation trends. A major source of this data comes from SANDAG, through its transportation forecasts and its Activity Based Model. SANDAG, the regional planning and transportation agency, plans for the San Diego region’s complex mobility issues by developing its long-range Regional Plan. This plan uses transportation and land use models to try to predict where people will live and how they will travel. Models are the principal tools used to analyze projects and any possible alternatives. The Activity Based Model that SANDAG uses simulates community members’ daily travel itineraries to try to forecast where, when and how people will travel outside their home. For Carlsbad and other jurisdictions, the model provides critical information for long-range transportation and planning efforts, such as the Climate Action Plan. SANDAG’s Activity Based Model was recently updated. This updated version includes all of the land use growth assumptions included in SANDAG’s 2021 Regional Plan. SANDAG has been delayed in publishing the update, but expects to do so in coming months, currently estimated in June or shortly thereafter. Once SANDAG publishes its updated Activity Based Model, requests for customized runs of the model will be fulfilled in the order they were received. Such a run would tailor the data specifically for Carlsbad, reflecting its land use, population and other factors. That means the city would have to wait for its turn for SANDAG to provide the requested results, which would slightly delay the update of the Climate Action Plan so that the latest forecasts could be included. April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 3 of 41 The decision now before the city is whether to proceed in one of two ways. First, the city could wait until the city can obtain the results of the customized run of SANDAG’s Activity Based Model. Second, the city could proceed with the update of the Climate Action Plan, using the updated version of SANDAG’s Activity Based Model but without customization. If this second option is chosen, staff suggest revising that update once the newer forecasts from the customized run become available. Running the model in a way that is customized for Carlsbad could include any special growth assumptions, such as the land use forecasts derived from the Housing Element update’s rezoning program. Waiting for this customized run would enable the city to align the data and modeling that the Climate Action Plan uses to forecast growth in the Carlsbad with other concurrent city efforts, such as the assumptions and site analyses being used for the Housing Element update’s rezoning program. This is significant because it is important that such official city plans and standards are consistent. However, waiting to incorporate the information from the updated Activity Based Model into the Climate Action Plan update will cause a delay in that project’s schedule. That delay is estimated at three to nine months, depending on the specificity of the custom run request. Staff recommend the City Council direct staff to use the customized run of the forecasting model, one tailored for Carlsbad, for its ongoing update of the Climate Action Plan. Options Staff provide the following options for the City Council’s consideration: 1. Adopt a resolution directing staff to use a customized run of SANDAG’s most recent Activity Based Model in the Climate Action Plan update Pros • Aligns with the land use assumptions and analysis prepared to support the Housing Element rezoning program • Cost savings: Avoids the additional staff time and consultant costs of having to go back and revise the update once the data become available Cons • Estimated six to nine-month project delay as we wait for the results of the customized run 2. Adopt a resolution directing staff to use SANDAG’s most recently adopted Activity Based Model without customization in its update of the Climate Action Plan Pros • Utilizes the most recent Activity Based Model • Aligns with SANDAG’s 2021 Regional Plan Cons • Does not align with the land use assumptions and environmental analysis prepared to support the Housing Element rezoning program • Would require future revisions to the Climate Action Plan after it is updated, which would entail additional costs and contracting needs • Eligible development projects could not bypass the environmental review process while the additional update takes place April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 4 of 41 •Estimated three to six-month delay in completing the update of the Climate Action Plan Staff recommend Option 1. Fiscal Analysis There are no short-term fiscal impacts with either option. If the City Council chooses Option 2, there would be long-term fiscal impacts from the consultant costs to update the Climate Action Plan to incorporate the customized modeling so that it would align with the Housing Element rezoning program. Next Steps Staff will continue to prepare the update of the Climate Action Plan and continue to provide project updates to the City Council. Depending on the City Council’s direction, the update is estimated to be completed by mid- to late 2023, so staff anticipate that next year’s annual report will focus on the current Climate Action Plan, which staff will continue to implement in the meantime. Environmental Evaluation Receiving this annual report does not constitute as a “project” within the meaning of the California Environmental Quality Act under Public Resources Code 21065 in that it has no potential to cause either a direct or indirect physical change in the environment, or a reasonable, foreseeable indirect physical change in the environment and, therefore, does not require environmental review. On a separate and independent basis, the action to consider and provide direction on the input methodology that would be utilized to prepare greenhouse gas emissions inventories is statutorily exempt from the requirements of CEQA, under CEQA Guidelines section 15262 - Feasibility and Planning Studies. This organizational and administrative activity relates to the ongoing study of preparing a Climate Action Plan update. The City Council will provide direction as appropriate to facilitate the development of greenhouse gas emissions inventories. This general direction does not have a legally binding effect on any possible future discretionary action. Public input received and technical information prepared during the proposed process will be used in preparing a future environmental review document to support the work to update the Climate Action Plan. Public Notification This item was noticed in accordance with the Ralph M. Brown Act and was available for viewing at least 72 hours prior to the posting of the agenda. Exhibits 1.City Council resolution accepting the CAP Annual Report for reporting period 5, Jan. 1, 2021- Dec. 31, 2021 2.City Council resolution – Option 1, customized run of Activity Based Model 3.City Council resolution – Option 2, unmodified version of Activity Based Model 4.Climate Action Plan April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 5 of 41 RESOLUTION NO. 2022-093 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA, ACCEPTING THE CLIMATE ACTION PLAN ANNUAL REPORT FOR REPORTING PERIOD 5, JAN. 1, 2021-DEC. 31, 2021 EXHIBIT 1 WHEREAS, on Sept. 22, 2015, the City Council adopted a Climate Action Plan, or CAP, along with the General Plan Update and associated Environmental Impact Report with Resolution Nos. 2015-244 and 2015-242, respectively; and WHEREAS, on July 14, 2020, the City Council adopted Resolution No. 2020-146, approving the Climate Action Plan Amendment No. 1, which revised the greenhouse gas, or GHG, inventory, reduction targets and forecasts, updated reductions from existing measures and incorporated community choice energy as a new reduction measure; and WHEREAS, the purpose of the CAP is to describe how GHG emissions within the City of Carlsbad will be reduced in accordance with statewide targets and the statewide targets used for the CAP are derived from the Governor's Executive Order S-3-05 and the Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006, Assembly Bill 32; and WHEREAS, the CAP calls for annual monitoring and preparation of an annual report to be presented to the City Council at a public meeting; and WHEREAS, staff have prepared the Annual Report for Reporting Period 5, from Jan. 1, 2021 - Dec. 31, 2021, and this report is referenced herein. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Carlsbad, California, as follows: 1.That the above recitations are true and correct. 2.That the City Council hereby accepts the CAP Annual Report for Reporting Year 5, Jan. 1, 2021-Dec. 31, 2021, attached hereto as Attachment A. April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 6 of 41 PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED at a Regular Meeting of the City Council of the City of Carlsbad on the 19th day of April, 2022, by the following vote, to wit: AYES: NAYS: ABSENT: Hall, Blackburn, Bhat-Patel, Acosta. None. Norby. MATT ?11.J{lp tr FAVIOLA MEDINA, City Clerk Services Manager (SEAL) April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 7 of 41 ATTACHMENT A Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021-Dec. 2021 Page 1 April 19, 2022 City of Carlsbad Climate Action Plan Annual Report Reporting Period 5: Jan 1, 2021 – Dec. 31, 2021 April 19, 2022 City of Carlsbad Environmental Management 1635 Faraday Avenue Carlsbad, CA 92008 Contact: Katie Hentrich, CAP Administrator katie.hentrich@carlsbadca.gov; 442-339-2623 April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 8 of 41 {city of Carlsbad Table of Contents Page I.Executive Summary ........................................................................... Error! Bookmark not defined. II.Background ................................................................................................................................2 III.CAP Measures and Actions ..........................................................................................................7 IV.Monitoring ............................................................................................................................... 10 V.GHG Emissions Inventories ........................................................................................................ 15 VI. CAP Update .............................................................................................................................. 18 VII.Conclusion ................................................................................................................................ 19 Appendix A ........................................................................................................................................ i Tables and Figures Page Figure 1 – GHG Emissions Baseline, Reductions, and Targets ...................................................................... 1 Figure 2 – AR5 CAP Action Status ................................................................................................................. 4 Figure 3 – 2012 Community GHG Emissions by Sector ................................................................................. 4 Table 1 – 2012 Community GHG Emissions by Sector .................................................................................. 4 Figure 4 – Sample CAP Projections and Targets ........................................................................................... 5 Table 2 – CAP Measures and GHG Reductions ............................................................................................. 6 Table 3 – PV System Installations in Reporting Period 5 (Jan. 1, 2021 – Dec. 31, 2021) ............................ 10 Figure 5 – Residential PV Installations to Date ........................................................................................... 11 Figure 6 – Non-Residential PV Installations and CAP Projections and Targets ........................................... 11 Figure 7 – CVRP Participation in Carlsbad – March 2011 through Aug. 2021 ............................................ 12 Table 4 – CVRP Participation in Carlsbad – Jan. 1, 2021 to Aug. 31, 2021.................................................. 13 Figure 8 – Bikeways by Classification .......................................................................................................... 14 Figure 9 – 2016 Community GHG Emissions by Sector ............................................................................... 16 Table 5 – 2016 Community GHG Emissions by Sector ................................................................................ 16 Figure 10 – 2018 Community GHG Emissions by Sector ............................................................................. 17 Table 6 – 2018 Community GHG Emissions by Sector ................................................................................ 17 April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 9 of 41 ATTACHMENT A Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021-Dec. 2021 Page 1 April 19, 2022 I.Executive Summary The purpose of this document is to provide an update on the status of implementation of the Climate Action Plan (CAP) that occurred during the most recent reporting period. The CAP requires that the city annually monitor and report on CAP implementation activities and present this report to the City Council in a public meeting. This annual report for Year 5 (AR5) covers the period from Jan. 1, 2021 to Dec. 31, 2021. The CAP established a 2012 baseline of 977,000 metric tons of carbon dioxide equivalent (MTCO2e). This baseline was used to project greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions into the future and set targets within the CAP; specifically, the CAP sets goals to reduce GHG emissions by 4% below the 2012 baseline by 2020 (a reduction of approximately 39,080 MTCO2e) and 52% below baseline by 2035 (a reduction of approximately 508,040 MTCO2e). The most recent GHG inventory from 20181 shows the city surpassing its 2020 targets with a 4.8% reduction in GHG emissions (a reduction of approximately 47,000 MTCO2e), as seen in Figure 1. Figure 1. GHG Emissions Baseline, Reductions, and Targets 1 More details on this and other GHG inventories are provided in Section VI. 977,000 937,920 468,960 0 200,000 400,000 600,000 800,000 1,000,000 1,200,000 201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023202420252026202720282029203020312032203320342035MTCO2eYear CAP Baseline & Targets 2018 Inventory 930,000 April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 10 of 41 Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021 – Dec. 2021 Page 2 April 19, 2022 The CAP includes measures and actions that the city must pursue to meet its GHG reduction targets. There are 12 measures and 35 actions included in the CAP2. Through Year 5, 11 actions have been completed, 20 are in progress and on schedule, 3 are in progress and delayed, and 1 action has no progress3. Figure 2 shows this information as percentages. Figure 2. AR5 CAP Action Status II.Background The City of Carlsbad’s CAP was adopted on Sept. 22, 2015, along with the General Plan Update and associated Environmental Impact Report (EIR). The purpose of the CAP is to describe how GHG emissions within Carlsbad will be reduced in accordance with statewide targets. The CAP was updated and amended on July 14, 2020 (CAP Amendment No. 1). This amendment revised the GHG inventory and reduction targets and forecast, updated reductions from existing measures, added a new reduction measure, and incorporated new regional and statewide 2 A list of CAP measures can be found in Table 2 and implementation status of each measure and action can be found in Appendix A. 3 Actions categorized as “completed” met the implementation goals in the time indicated in the CAP; however, some of these actions continue to be implemented and are denoted as such. Actions with an “ongoing” implementation timeframe were assumed to be “in progress” versus “completed”, since implementation of the measures continues for the duration of CAP implementation. 31% 57% 9% 3% Completed (11 actions) In progress, on schedule (20 actions) In progress, delayed (3 actions) No progress (1 action) April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 11 of 41 ■ ■ ■ ■ Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021 – Dec. 2021 Page 3 April 19, 2022 guidance and protocols; an Addendum to the EIR was also prepared. Since CAP Amendment No. 1 is the currently adopted CAP, its details are reflected throughout this report. Chapter 2 of the CAP contains information about the 2012 GHG inventory. A GHG inventory identifies the major sources and overall magnitude of GHG emissions in the city using standard modeling methods and protocols. Typical inputs include electricity consumed, natural gas consumed, vehicles miles traveled (VMT), solid waste disposed, wastewater treated, and potable and recycled water used. Chapter 3 of the CAP contains a discussion of the forecasting used to determine the city’s GHG targets for 2020 and 2035, as well as the GHG reductions anticipated by state and federal policies and certain General Plan policies. Chapter 4 of the CAP describes the additional measures and Actions that the city must pursue to reach its GHG emissions reduction targets. To implement these additional measures and Actions, the city needed to identify and allocate appropriate funding. Therefore, subsequent to CAP adoption, staff contracted with University of San Diego’s Energy Policy Initiatives Center (EPIC) to study incremental internal costs to the city for CAP implementation. All the participating city departments and divisions were surveyed to quantify the resources needed to effectively implement the CAP. On Feb. 23, 2016, staff presented the findings of the study to City Council and noted that these costs would be included in subsequent departmental budget requests. CAP implementation is a team effort involving several city departments and divisions, coordinated by the CAP Administrator. The interdepartmental CAP implementation team consists of: Public Works (PW) Branch – General Services, Traffic and Mobility, Environmental Management and Utilities; Community Services – Community Development, Parks & Recreation; Administrative Services - Finance, City Attorney; and City Manager - Communications. Team members coordinate on an ongoing basis to discuss CAP implementation activities and opportunities for collaboration. Figure 3 and Table 1 below show the 2012 GHG emissions graphically and in tabular form for the entire city, including emissions from both municipal operations and the community. Municipal operations constitute approximately 1% of all GHG emissions. Since there are several different types of GHGs, GHG emissions are typically expressed in MTCO2e to allow for standardization and comparison. April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 12 of 41 Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021 – Dec. 2021 Page 4 April 19, 2022 Figure 3 – 2012 Community GHG Emissions by Sector Table 1 – 2012 Community GHG Emissions by Sector Emissions Category GHG Emissions (MTCO2e) Percentage of Total Emissions (%) On-Road Transportation 488,000 49.9 Electricity 301,000 30.8 Natural Gas 134,000 13.7 Solid Waste 25,000 2.5 Off-Road Transportation 14,000 1.4 Water 12,000 1.2 Wastewater 3,000 <1 Total 977,000 100 Emissions in each category are rounded. Sum may not add up to totals due to rounding. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, 2020 Of the total emissions in 2012, 97% are attributed to the residential, commercial, industrial, and transportation sectors (e.g. buildings, automobiles). This emissions profile by sector is typical of other cities; therefore, like most other CAPs, Carlsbad’s CAP focuses primarily on GHG emissions reduction strategies in these sectors. Forecasts for the Carlsbad CAP were conducted for 2020 and 2035 GHG emissions by EPIC. The CAP used the 2012 inventory as the baseline. The first step in forecasting is to determine what 50% 31% 14% 3%1%1%0% On-Road Transportation Electricity Natural Gas Solid Waste Off-Road Transportation Water Wastewater Energy Policy Initiatives Center, 2020 >1% April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 13 of 41 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021 – Dec. 2021 Page 5 April 19, 2022 is known as the “Business-As-Usual” (BAU) projection. This projection is the amount of GHG emissions increase anticipated over time due to population and job growth and vehicular traffic levels. The forecast then deducts the anticipated emissions reductions derived from state and federal policies, such as low carbon fuel standards, building energy code requirements, and requirements for utilities to provide electricity from renewable energy sources; these reductions are known as the “legislatively-adjusted BAU”, as shown in Figure 4. Figure 4. Sample CAP projections and targets The Carlsbad CAP considered another category of anticipated GHG emissions reductions from the BAU and legislatively-adjusted BAU projections: additional General Plan policies and actions. These policies and actions deal with the transportation sector and include bikeway and pedestrian system improvements, traffic calming, parking facilities and policies, and transportation system improvements. After deducting these anticipated GHG emissions reductions from the BAU projection, the model then calculates the amount of additional GHG emissions reductions needed to reach the 2020 and 2035 targets. The statewide targets used for the CAP are taken from Executive Order (EO) S-3-05 and the Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006, Assembly Bill (AB) 32. Collectively they call for a reduction to 1990 levels by 2020 and 80% below 1990 levels by 2050. For Carlsbad, the targets are 4% below the 2012 baseline by 2020 and 52% below the 2012 baseline by 2035. Prior to 2020, Carlsbad had surpassed the reductions needed to meet the 2020 goal. The additional GHG emissions reductions necessary to reach the targets are known as the CAP measures; these measures are noted in Table 2. Each measure has Actions, which once implemented by the city, should result in the modeled GHG emissions reductions, also shown in April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 14 of 41 "' z 0 "' "' l: w \!) :i:: \!) GHG EMISSIONS PROJECTIONS AFTER FEDERAL AND STATE POLICIES TIME (YEARS) BAU GHG EMISSIONS PROJECTIONS LEGISLATIVELY- ADJUSTED BAU REDUCTION AFTER LOCAL CAP MEASURES SANDAG 2018 Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021 – Dec. 2021 Page 6 April 19, 2022 Table 2. Since CAP Amendment No. 1 removed some of the measures included in the 2015 CAP, the measures have some letters “missing.” Table 2 – CAP Measures and GHG Reductions Measure Letter GHG Reduction Measures GHG Reductions in 2035 (MTCO2e) B Install commercial and industrial PV systems 4,457 D Encourage single-family residential efficiency retrofits 7,986 E Encourage multi-family residential efficiency retrofits 3,993 F Encourage commercial and city facility efficiency retrofits 7,579 I Replace Incandescent bulbs with LED bulbs 22 J New construction residential and commercial solar water heater/heat pump installation & retrofit of existing residential 2,813 K Promote Transportation Demand Management 6,325 L Increase zero-emissions vehicle travel 49,912 M Develop more citywide renewable energy projects 2,774 N Reduce the GHG intensity of water supply conveyance, treatment and delivery 713 O Encourage the installation of greywater and rainwater systems 137 P Implement Community Choice Energy 56,207 Total GHG Reductions 142,918 III.CAP Measures and Actions The CAP measures listed in Table 2 can be grouped into four strategy areas: Energy Efficiency, Renewable Energy (including Clean Electricity), Transportation, and Water. For each of the April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 15 of 41 Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021 – Dec. 2021 Page 7 April 19, 2022 measures, there are detailed Actions that, taken together, should result in the anticipated GHG emissions reductions. The following section describes the progress made by the city in implementing the CAP measures and Actions, organized by the different strategy areas. A more detailed description of activities conducted for each CAP Action, along with the 2035 performance goals for each measure, is contained in Appendix A of this report. The activities involving public outreach and education are described in a separate section, since those efforts encompass all strategy areas. A.Energy Efficiency Energy efficiency is an important component to reducing energy consumption and lowering GHG emissions. The State of California’s Energy Commission (CEC) has adopted a “loading order,” or a prioritized list of actions needed to reduce energy use, and energy efficiency is at the top of the list. For Carlsbad, energy efficiency CAP measures account for approximately 15%4 of the planned GHG emissions reductions. Measures D, E, F, and I all deal with energy efficiency, both in community and municipal operations. These measures call for ordinances mandating energy efficiency improvements in residential and non-residential construction, implementation of energy conservation measures in city facilities, and promotion of energy efficiency rebate and incentive programs. During the reporting period, staff continued to make progress in implementing the energy efficiency related measures, including the energy efficiency ordinances for major renovations of existing residential and non-residential buildings. Data from these ordinances is tracked through the city’s permitting system, EnerGov, in a separate “CAP tab.” The city also continues to seek energy efficiency upgrades in municipal buildings. Heating, Ventilation and Cooling (HVAC) equipment and lighting are replaced with higher efficiency units and bulbs/fixtures. Staff works with the HVAC system consultant to maximize efficiency in operations. During the reporting period, staff converted 186 fixtures to LED throughout three community parks. B.Renewable Energy The provision of energy through distributed renewable sources can significantly reduce the need for electricity from the grid and, therefore, lower GHG emissions. The CEC’s loading order prioritization of energy efficiency is to lessen the amount of energy used, thereby minimizing the size and cost of the renewable energy system needed to power the building. According to 4 This value is rounded. April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 16 of 41 Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021 – Dec. 2021 Page 8 April 19, 2022 the CAP, renewable energy measures will account for approximately 46%5 of the planned GHG emissions reductions. Measures B, J, M, and P relate to community and city renewable energy improvements and increasing the amount of renewable energy on the electrical grid. These measures include ordinances requiring solar photovoltaic (PV) systems in new non-residential construction and existing commercial buildings, alternative energy water heating systems, citywide renewable energy projects, promotion of renewable energy rebate and incentive programs, and participation in a community choice energy program. During the reporting period, staff continued implementing the city’s energy efficiency ordinances. These require installation of solar PV panels for all new residential and non- residential development and major renovations of existing residential and non-residential buildings, as well as alternative energy water heating for all new residential and non-residential development. Data from these ordinances is tracked through EnerGov. Furthermore, in May 2021, the Clean Energy Alliance (CEA) launched. CEA is a community choice energy program that allows for local control of electricity procurement and an increase in the proportion of renewable energy serving its customers. CEA is currently comprised of Carlsbad, Del Mar, and Solana Beach; in late 2021, the cities of Escondido and San Marcos voted to join CEA in 2023. CEA anticipates reaching 100% clean electricity by 2030. C.Transportation There are two primary facets of GHG emissions reductions related to transportation. The first is to reduce the number of miles a vehicle is driven. Reducing the length of trips and/or the need to use a motorized vehicle can significantly reduce GHG emissions. The second facet is to reduce or eliminate the GHG emissions coming from vehicles. Known as low- or zero-emission vehicles (ZEVs), these automobiles include alternative-fueled vehicles, hybrids, and electric vehicles (EVs). In the CAP, transportation-related measures account for approximately 39%6 of the planned GHG emissions reductions. Measures K and L address transportation related GHG emissions reductions. Measure K relates to reducing VMT and is closely tied to policies contained in the General Plan Mobility Element. During the reporting period, staff continued implementing the Transportation Demand Management (TDM) ordinance for non-residential development that meets the ordinance’s trip threshold; data from this ordinance is tracked through EnerGov. Staff also continued implementing elements of the TDM Plan, including outreach on CarlsbadCommuter.com, creation of resources to support hybrid work, outreach through the Move Carlsbad initiative, 5 This value is rounded. 6 This value is rounded. April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 17 of 41 Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021 – Dec. 2021 Page 9 April 19, 2022 and electric bike (e-bike) education and bike education tours. Also, the Sustainable Mobility Plan was adopted during the reporting period. Measure L involves reducing tailpipe emissions through an increase in the proportion of low and ZEVs on the road. Staff continued implementation of an ordinance requiring installation of EV charging infrastructure for all new residential and non-residential development and major renovations of existing residential buildings; data for this ordinance is tracked in EnerGov. During the reporting period, staff updated Administrative Order #3 (Fleet Management Program) to include a vehicle acquisition policy to require the purchase of low and ZEVs where feasible. Staff also worked with SDG&E to install EV charging infrastructure, including DC fast charging, for fleet vehicles; the City Council approval of these charging stations occurred after the reporting period concluded. Furthermore, a total of 24 city vehicles were replaced with hybrid alternatives, and one hybrid city vehicle was replaced with a plug-in hybrid. D.Water Water conservation can lower GHG emissions because movement of water and wastewater requires energy. Measures N and O promote increasing energy efficiency in the potable water, recycled water, and wastewater conveyance systems and using greywater and rainwater collection systems. In the Carlsbad CAP, water measures account for less than 1%7 of the planned GHG emissions reductions. The Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD) analyzes energy usage of their pumps and endeavors to increase energy efficiency of equipment whenever it is replaced. For example, during this reporting period, staff replaced lighting and generators at various lift stations. Implementation of the Actions associated with measures N and O will continue in the mid- to long-term timeframe. E.Public Outreach and Education In addition to the provision of energy-efficient buildings or the availability of PV systems and electric vehicles, a critical component to reducing GHG emissions is encouraging members of the public to engage in behaviors that reduce GHG emissions. Bike lanes, pedestrian improvements, and transit expansion only reduce GHG emissions if people use them. Measures D, E, F, and I all contain Actions related to public outreach and education. During the reporting period, the COVID-19 pandemic drastically altered Communications staff priorities. However, staff still implemented several public outreach and education efforts, including maintaining the city’s website with information on rebates and incentives for energy efficiency, renewable energy, and EVs for both residential and commercial consumers. 7 This value is rounded. April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 18 of 41 Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021 – Dec. 2021 Page 10 April 19, 2022 Staff also continued promoting the Carlsbad Green Business Program and began website updates to promote the Home Energy Score Assessment program (to be completed in 2022). IV.Monitoring Monitoring of CAP implementation can be divided into three general areas: 1) progress on implementing the CAP Actions; 2) progress on reaching the CAP measures’ performance goals; and 3) progress in reaching the CAP GHG emissions reductions targets for 2035. A detailed description of the activities undertaken to implement the CAP Actions is contained in Appendix A. Regarding the CAP measures and their corresponding performance goals, there is variability in the monitoring data sources. For example, monitoring for measures D, E and F require San Diego Gas and Electric (SDG&E) electric and natural gas energy usage. Monitoring for Measure P requires CEA usage data. Monitoring for Measure L requires VMT model output data. This data will be collected during the biannual GHG inventory process, conducted by SANDAG, and reported in the corresponding CAP Annual Report. A.Renewable Energy Measure B involves increasing the amount of solar PV systems in Carlsbad. Data for the reporting period were obtained from the permit via EnerGov. Table 3 shows the number and capacity in kilowatts (kW) of PV system installations in the residential and non-residential sectors during the reporting period. Table 3 – PV System Installations in Reporting Period 5 (Jan. 1, 2021 – Dec. 31, 2021) Sector Total Finaled Permits (#) Total Capacity (kW) Highest Capacity Project (kW) Lowest Capacity Project (kW) Median Project Capacity (kW) Residential 1,108 6,996.94 25.16 0.945 6.31 Non-residential 6 613.22 250 7.38 102.2 Figures 5 and 6 show the residential and non-residential PV installations as they relate to the CAP projections and target. The data were obtained from SDG&E grid interconnections and the city’s EnerGov system. As of January 2020, the California building code requires PV in new residential construction, which is a contributing factor to the increase in residential PV. Because of this legislation, CAP Amendment No. 1 removed the residential PV measure and subsequent target. However, Figure 5 shows the residential PV installations over time based on available data; through 2021, 48.032 MW have been installed. April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 19 of 41 Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021 – Dec. 2021 Page 11 April 19, 2022 Figure 5 - Residential PV Installations to Date As seen in Figure 6, the non-residential installations currently exceed the trend line amount for reaching the CAP target of 33.54 MW of capacity by 2035. Through 2021, 16.8 MW have been installed. Figure 6 – Non-residential PV Installations and CAP Projections and Target 48.032 0 10 20 30 40 50 60 Megawatts (MW)Year 22.3 33.54 16.8 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 Pre-201020102011201220132014201520162017201820192020202120222023202420252026202720282029203020312032203320342035Megawatts (MW)Year BAU Projected Capacity CAP Target Actual to Date April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 20 of 41 Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021 – Dec. 2021 Page 12 April 19, 2022 B. Electric Vehicles CAP Measure L involves promoting an increase in the proportion of ZEV miles traveled, specifically EVs, of total VMT. One way to promote an increase in EV ownership and use is to increase the number and locations of publicly available EV charging stations. The California Air Resources Board (CARB) administers the Air Quality Improvement Program (AQIP), intended to fund clean vehicle and equipment projects, air quality research, and workforce training. One of the AQIP programs is the Clean Vehicle Rebate Program (CVRP). Administered by the Center for Sustainable Energy (CSE), the CVRP provides rebates for the purchase or lease of clean vehicles. CVRP participation statistics can be used to gauge EV ownership. Figure 7 shows the annual CVRP participation within Carlsbad, expressed through number of rebates, from March 2011 through Aug. 20218. Figure 7 – CVRP Participation in Carlsbad – March 2011 through Aug. 20219 Data for the reporting period is available from Jan. 1, 2021 to Aug. 31, 2021, and CVRP participation is available in Table 4. The city also continues to acquire clean vehicles as part of its fleet conversion strategy; during the reporting period, the city purchased one PHEV. 8 Center for Sustainable Energy (2022). California Air Resources Board Clean Vehicle Rebate Project, Rebate Statistics. Data last updated Jan. 18, 2022. Retrieved Jan. 31, 2022 from https://cleanvehiclerebate.org/rebate-statistic 9 BEV = battery-electric vehicle; PHEV = plug-in hybrid electric vehicle; FCEV = fuel-cell electric vehicle; other = non-highway, motorcycle & commercial BEV. 0 100 200 300 400 500 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021Number of RebatesYear Other FCEV PHEV BEV April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 21 of 41 ■ • • • • Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021 – Dec. 2021 Page 13 April 19, 2022 Table 4. CVRP participation in Carlsbad - Jan. 1, 2021 to Aug. 31, 2021 Clean Vehicle Type Number of Rebates Battery electric vehicle (BEV) 133 Plug-in hybrid electric vehicle (PHEV) 20 Fuel cell electric vehicle (FCEV) 4 Other 1 C.General Plan Transportation Policies In addition to the CAP Measures and Actions described in Section III of this report, the CAP also relies upon implementation of some transportation-related General Plan policies for GHG reductions. These policies involve bikeway system improvements, pedestrian improvements and increased connectivity, traffic calming, parking facilities and policies, and transportation improvements. While the overall GHG reduction of these General Plan policies is relatively small (approximately 7.6% of 2035 reductions), it is important to track progress in completing these improvements because they contribute increased and multimodal mobility within the city. During the reporting period, no pedestrian system improvements were constructed. However, staff prepared the design for the 2022 Carlsbad Sidewalk Construction Project for City Council approval in early 2022; sidewalk construction is expected in the second half of 2022. The city currently has 188.78 miles of bikeways, as shown in Figure 8. Also, 0.73 additional miles of Class II bikeways were added to the system during the reporting period. April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 22 of 41 Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021 – Dec. 2021 Page 14 April 19, 2022 Figure 8 – Bikeways by Classification Parking Facilities and Policies On Sept. 26, 2017, the City Council accepted a Parking Management Plan (PMP) for the Carlsbad Village, Barrio and Beach Area, which contains many of the parking policies described in the CAP. Implementation of the plan will occur through the Carlsbad Village and Barrio Master Plan, which was adopted by the City Council on July 24, 2018. The recommendations in the PMP include hiring a parking program manager, incentivizing shared and leased parking, April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 23 of 41 City of Carlsbad Bikeway Classification 2021 'ii_ City of Carlsbad >~ Legend ~ -Class I Bikeway (5.62 Miles) Class II Bikeway (176.2 Miles) -Class Ill Bikeway (6.96 MIies) Cente~ine 0 05 2 Miles I Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021 – Dec. 2021 Page 15 April 19, 2022 reducing parking requirements, allowing bicycle parking as a replacement for required parking, and installing digital parking locator infrastructure and wayfinding signs. During the reporting period, the city’s parking consultant conducted field work to evaluated parking in the area outlined in the PMP, which is slightly larger than the area of the Village and Barrio Master Plan. The updated study included an evaluation of the current parking conditions, changes to parking supply, and the impact of temporary restrictions in land use conditions due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic. Additional recommendations in the 2021 study include reconfiguring parking spaces in the Village, researching metered parking options, conducting a comprehensive update of the PMP, and considering providing a local neighborhood shuttle within the PMP district funded by parking fees. Transportation Improvements During the reporting period, the City Council adopted the Sustainable Mobility Plan which consolidates decades of planning and community input to plan the city’s future active transportation networks, improve transportation related safety, reduce GHG emissions and VMT, and shift how residents get around the city away from private automobiles towards modes that are more sustainable. The Sustainable Mobility Plan will provide the basis for future city mobility programs and the buildout of the city’s active transportation network. D. New Development Projects The CAP serves as an environmental review tiering document, or “Qualified CAP,” pursuant to Section 15183.5 of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines. MTCO2e must either demonstrate consistency with the CAP or submit a project specific GHG analysis for review and approval. To evaluate project CAP consistency, the Planning Division uses the CAP Consistency Checklist (Checklist) and accompanying Guidance for Demonstrating Consistency with the CAP – For Discretionary Projects Subject to CEQA (Guidance). The Checklist and Guidance are available at: http://www.carlsbadca.gov/services/building/forms/default.asp. During the reporting period, no projects exceeded the 900 MTCO2e threshold; therefore, no projects were subject to CEQA CAP compliance review. V.GHG Emissions Inventories As part of its Climate program, SANDAG coordinates with local jurisdictions to prepare biennial GHG inventories. These inventories are based upon energy consumption data from SDG&E, VMT modeling data from SANDAG, and other information such as waste disposal and water consumption. These inventories, along with other local GHG reduction activity, are released as a jurisdiction-specific “ReCAP Snapshot.” To date, SANDAG has released 2016 and 2018 April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 24 of 41 Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021 – Dec. 2021 Page 16 April 19, 2022 Snapshots, available at SANDAG’s Climate Data Portal (https://climatedata.sandag.org/) and on SANDAG’s website (https://sandag.org/climate). A 2020 Snapshot is estimated to be completed by mid-2022. Figure 9 and Table 5 show Carlsbad’s 2016 ReCAP Snapshot data; Figure 10 and Table 6 show the 2018 ReCAP Snapshot data. Figure 9 – 2016 Community GHG Emissions by Sector Table 5 – 2016 Community GHG Emissions by Sector Emissions Category GHG Emissions (MTCO2e) Percentage of Total Emissions (%) On-Road Transportation 470,000 51 Electricity 266,000 29 Natural Gas 133,000 14 Solid Waste 35,000 4 Off-Road Transportation 15,000 2 Water 8,000 1 Wastewater 3,000 <1 Total 930,000 100 Emissions in each category are rounded. Sum may not add up to totals due to rounding. The emissions categories are the same as the emissions categories included the Carlsbad CAP 51% 29% 14% 4% 2%1%0.3% On-Road Transportation Electricity Natural Gas Solid Waste Off-Road Transportation Water Wastewater Energy Policy Initiatives Center, 2019 Energy Policy Initiatives Center, 2019 April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 25 of 41 ' ~ ' ~ ~ I ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ , - - Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021 – Dec. 2021 Page 17 April 19, 2022 Figure 10 – 2018 Community GHG Emissions by Sector Table 6 – 2018 Community GHG Emissions by Sector Emissions Category GHG Emissions (MTCO2e) Percentage of Total Emissions (%) On-Road Transportation* 452,000 49 Electricity 277,000 30 Natural Gas 138,000 15 Solid Waste 36,000 4 Off-Road Transportation 15,000 2 Water 10,000 1 Wastewater 3,000 <1 Total 930,000 100 *Emissions from on-road transportation were calculated based on 2016 VMT data. Emissions in each category are rounded. Sum may not add up to totals due to rounding. The emissions categories are the same as the emissions categories included the Carlsbad CAP. 48% 30% 15% 4%2%1% 0.3% On-Road Transportation* Electricity Natural Gas Solid Waste Off-Road Transportation Energy Policy Initiatives Center, 2020*Emissions from on-road transportation were calculated based on 2016 VMT data. Energy Policy Initiatives Center, 2020 April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 26 of 41 ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021 – Dec. 2021 Page 18 April 19, 2022 As discussed in Section I of this report, the CAP sets goals to reduce GHG emissions by 4% below the 2012 baseline by 2020 (a reduction of approximately 39,080 MTCO2e) and 52% below baseline by 2035 (a reduction of approximately 508,040 MTCO2e). The most recent GHG inventory from 2018 (Figure 10 and Table 6) shows the city surpassing its 2020 targets with a 4.8% reduction in GHG emissions (a reduction of approximately 47,000 MTCO2e). This trendline can be seen in Figure 1 in Section I. As CAP implementation continues, progress towards the 2035 target will be assessed in future reporting. VI.CAP Update On Nov. 23, 2021, the city executed a professional services agreement (PSA) with EPIC to prepare a comprehensive update to the CAP; this PSA also includes Ascent Environmental as a sub-consultant. The consultant team and staff are working to evaluate the city’s CAP and prepare an updated document. To date, the consultant team and staff have reviewed existing CAP measures, prepared a public outreach plan, began stakeholder outreach, analyzed updated state legislation and policies, and met with city staff from multiple departments. An important component of the climate action planning process is estimating primary sources and annual levels of GHG emissions for a baseline year and projecting estimated trends and GHG emissions into the future. The baseline year and projections are reflected in a GHG inventory, which provides detailed accounting of the sources and quantities of GHG emissions generated from activities within the city. To prepare the GHG inventory, a variety of data must be used to assume population, employment, and transportation trends. A major source of this data comes from SANDAG through its transportation forecasts and Activity Based Model (ABM), which support long-range transportation and planning efforts such as climate action planning. SANDAG’s ABM was recently updated with the adoption of San Diego Forward: The 2021 Regional Plan, and this update is known as “ABM2+”. This version includes all the land use growth assumptions included in the 2021 Regional Plan; SANDAG is delayed in publishing ABM2+ but expects to do so in the coming months. Once ABM2+ is published, any customized requests can be prepared in the order they are received; a custom run of ABM2+ could include any special specific growth assumptions, such as the land use forecasts derived from the Housing Element Update rezoning program. As the CAP Update progresses, it is important to align data and modeling used to forecast growth within Carlsbad with other concurrent city efforts, such as the assumptions and site analyses being used for the Housing Element Update rezoning program. Because of the delay of publishing ABM2+ and the potential customization request, incorporating ABM2+ into the CAP Update will cause a delay in the project schedule, currently estimated at three to nine months depending on the length of the delay in publishing ABM 2+, specificity of the modeling request, and the direction of the City Council. April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 27 of 41 Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021 – Dec. 2021 Page 19 April 19, 2022 As work continues, staff will continue to provide updates to City Council on the status of the CAP update. Depending on which version of ABM2+ is used, the CAP Update is anticipated to be completed by mid- to late- 2023. As such, it is anticipated that the current CAP will be the focus of the next Annual Report. More information can be found on the city’s webpage at: https://www.carlsbadca.gov/departments/environmental-sustainability/climate-action-plan. VII.Conclusion During the fifth CAP reporting period, staff continued to make progress in carrying out the CAP measures and Actions. During the next calendar year, staff will continue to work and coordinate with consultants, SANDAG, SDG&E, and other regional and business partners to further CAP implementation and lower GHG emissions. Staff and the consultant team will also continue work on an update to the city’s CAP. April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 28 of 41 ATTACHMENT A Carlsbad CAP Annual Report Reporting Period 5, Jan. 2021-Dec. 2021 Page i April 19, 2022 Appendix A CAP AR5 Implementation Activities by Measure and Action April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 29 of 41 a-i CAP Measures and Actions 2035 Performance Goals for Measures CAP AR5 Implementation Activities and Status Timeframes in CAP: Short-term = 1 - 2 years Mid-term = 2 - 5 years Short to Long-term & Mid-Long-term = begun but not completed in 5 years Ongoing = continue for the duration of CAP implementation Implementation status: Complete In progress, on schedule In progress, delayed Not started B - Promote installation of commercial and industrial photovoltaic systems Promote installation of commercial and industrial PV systems to produce an additional 11.24 MW above projected amounts by 2035. B-1 Implement and enforce Title 18, Chapter 18.30, Section 18.30.130 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code, mandating solar photovoltaic energy generation systems on new non- residential buildings. (Ongoing) Staff continued to implement the solar PV ordinance adopted by City Council as Ordinance No. CS- 347. This ordinance requires all new nonresidential buildings to install solar PV systems to offset a portion of their electricity requirements. (In progress, on schedule) B-2 Implement and enforce Title 18, Chapter 18.30, Section 18.30.130 of the Carlsbad Municipal Code, mandating solar photovoltaic energy generation systems on existing non- residential buildings undergoing major renovations. (Ongoing) Staff continued to implement the solar PV ordinance adopted by City Council as Ordinance No. CS- 347. This ordinance requires existing nonresidential buildings that undergo major renovations or additions to install solar PV systems to offset a portion of their electricity requirements. (In progress, on schedule) D - Encourage single-family residential efficiency retrofits Encourage single-family retrofits with the goal of 50% energy reduction compared to baseline in 30% of the total single-family homes citywide (approximately 10,000 single- family homes out of total of 35,000.) D-1 Publicize available incentive and rebate programs, such as SDG&E's Residential Energy Efficiency Program, on the city's website and by other means. (Short-term) Staff continued to maintain a website with rebate and incentive information and made presentations. (Complete) D-2 Create a citywide “Energy Challenge,” similar to the Department of Energy's Better Buildings Challenge, to promote cost-effective energy improvements, while having residents and building owners commit to reducing energy consumption. (Short-term) Staff continued work on a multi-year, research-based strategy to achieve measurable changes in public behavior, resulting in reduced GHG emissions. A program such as this could become part of that strategy, based on the findings of research being conducted. (In progress, delayed) April 19, 2022Item #9 Page 30 of 41 a-ii D-3 Implement and enforce Title 18, Chapter 18.30, Section 18.30.30, mandating energy efficiency measures in existing residential buildings undergoing major renovations. (Ongoing) Staff continued to implement the energy efficiency ordinance adopted by City Council as Ordinance No. CS-347. This ordinance requires specified energy efficiency measures in all major residential renovations. (In progress, on schedule) E - Encourage multi-family residential efficiency retrofits Encourage multi-family retrofits with the goal of 50% energy reduction compared to baseline in 30% of the total multi-family homes citywide (approximately 5,000 single- family homes out of total of 17,000.) E-1 See D-1 above See D-1 above E-2 See D-3 above See D-3 above E-3 See D-3 above See D-3 above F - Encourage commercial and city facility efficiency retrofits Encourage commercial and city facility efficiency retrofits with the goal equivalent to a 40% energy reduction in 30% of commercial square footage citywide and in city-owned buildings by 2035. F-1 Undertake a program of energy efficiency retrofits for city- owned buildings, with the goal of 40% reduction in energy use, beginning with retrofits that would result in most substantial energy savings. (Short-term) Staff continued to replace Heating, Ventilation and Cooling (HVAC) equipment and lighting with higher efficiency units and bulbs/fixtures. Staff works with the HVAC system consultant to maximize efficiency in operations. Due to the impacts of COVID-19 on city facilities, much of the reporting period was focused on those efforts. (In progress, delayed) F-2 Promote available incentive and rebate programs, such as SDG&E's Energy Efficiency Business Rebates and Incentives Program, on the city's website and by other means. (Short- term) Staff continued to maintain a website with information on rebates and incentives. (Complete) F-3 Implement and enforce Title 18, Chapter 18.21, Section 18.21.155, mandating energy efficiency measures in new non- residential buildings and existing non-residential buildings undergoing major renovations. (Ongoing) Staff continued to implement the energy efficiency ordinance adopted by City Council as Ordinance No. CS-347. This ordinance requires specified energy efficiency measures in all new and certain existing nonresidential buildings undergoing major renovations. (In progress, on schedule) April 19, 2022Item #9 Page 31 of 41 a-iii I - Promote replacement of incandescent and halogen bulbs with LED or other energy efficient lamps Replace 50% of incandescent and halogen light bulbs citywide with LED or similarly efficient lighting by 2035. I-1 Replace 50% of incandescent or halogen light bulbs in city facilities with LED or similarly efficient lighting, or follow SANDAG Energy Roadmap recommendations for lighting in city facilities, whichever results in greater energy savings. (Short- term) Staff met this goal during the reporting period. Specifically, Parks & Recreation staff converted 186 fixtures to LED throughout three community parks. Moving forward, staff will continue to replace lighting as identified in this CAP measure and action. (Complete) I-2 Promote the use of LED or other energy efficient lamps by publicizing rebate programs and information from SDG&E on the benefits of the use of LED or other energy efficient lighting on the city’s webpage. (Short-term) Staff continued to maintain a website with information about rebates and incentives. (Complete) I-3.i Evaluate the feasibility of adopting a minimum natural lighting and ventilation standard, developed based on local conditions. (Mid-term) In 2018, the Center for Sustainable Energy (CSE) performed a qualitative feasibility evaluation for natural lighting and ventilation. CSE determined that it would be difficult to provide a cost- effective natural ventilation requirement that goes beyond the 2019 Building Energy Efficiency Standards. CSE noted that nonresidential natural lighting is well-governed in state codes, reducing the need for additional local standards. Daylighting in residential spaces is less likely to be cost- effective than in nonresidential spaces because the code assumes occupants are not typically present in residential spaces during the day to take advantage of daylighting; therefore, the cost of these controls may not be offset by the savings. The feasibility assessment also concluded that there are no known reach codes that include natural lighting and/or natural ventilation requirements that go beyond current code requirements. (Complete) I-3.ii Demonstrate natural lighting and ventilation features in future facility upgrade or new construction. (Mid-term) Staff is incorporating natural lighting and ventilation in the future Orion Center. (In progress, on schedule) J - New construction residential and commercial solar water heater/heat pump installation & retrofit of existing residential Install solar water heaters or heat pumps on all new residential and commercial construction. Retrofit up to 30% of existing homes and commercial buildings to include solar water heaters or heat pumps. J-1 Promote the installation of residential solar water heaters and heat pumps by publicizing incentive, rebate and financing programs, such as PACE programs and the California Solar Initiative for renovations of existing buildings by posting this information on the city's website and by other means. (Short- term) Staff continued to maintain a website with incentive, rebate and financing program information. (Complete) April 19, 2022Item #9 Page 32 of 41 a-iv J-2 Implement and enforce Title 18, Chapter 18.30, Sections 18.30.150 and 18.30.170, mandating alternative water heating requirements in new residential and non-residential buildings. (Ongoing) Staff continued to implement the water heating ordinance adopted by City Council as Ordinance No. CS-347. This ordinance requires new residential and nonresidential buildings to install solar thermal water heating or electric heat pump water heaters for water heating needs. (In progress, on schedule) K - Promote transportation demand management strategies Promote Transportation Demand Management Strategies with a goal of achieving a 10% increase in alternative mode use by workers in Carlsbad, for a total of 32% alternative mode use. K-1 Implement the citywide transportation demand management (TDM) plan and strategies. (Ongoing) In 2021, the Carlsbad Commuter program (program) regained their pre-pandemic employer network size of over two dozen Carlsbad employers engaging with the program. The program continued to pivot strategies, content development and tactics due to the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and associated impacts to the transportation system and daily commute. The program continued partnerships with regional transportation service providers to monitor and relay ongoing service changes due to national, state, and local COVID protocols that affected transit and other modal availability. Accordingly, the program developed and launched a comprehensive system of digital resources to help employers and managers implement hybrid work. The program developed a Balanced Work marketing campaign to promote these new resources and continues to add content and resources. The program promoted regional and statewide TDM campaigns (Rideshare Week and Bike Anywhere) to both the employer network and the general public. The program also launched a commuter incentive to potentially win gift cards for tracking sustainable trips on the Carlsbad Commuter app. The program assisted in the development and promotion of e-bike training and safety standards, local bike tours, and regional bike safety training. The program assisted in the delivery of workshops for the city’s age-friendly transportation initiative, Move Carlsbad. The program established marketing materials, tools, and communication mediums to reach homeowners associations (HOAs) and schools for deployment in 2022. In 2021, the Carlsbad Commuter website received 1,677 unique visitors to the digital ecosystem. These aggregated efforts were recognized by the leading TDM industry association, the Association for Commuter Transportation, and was awarded third place at the international awards ceremony for the Best Strategy Pivot category. This award recognizes an exemplary program, policy, or service that successfully shifted strategy because of COVID-19. (In progress, on schedule) April 19, 2022Item #9 Page 33 of 41 a-v K-2 Implement and enforce Title 18, Chapter 18.51, mandating TDM improvements and strategies for non-residential development. (Ongoing) The TDM ordinance efforts include the development of updates to the TDM handbook and the approval of six additional TDM plans in 2021; seven previously approved TDM plans were also evaluated. Six of the seven worksites exceeded their 2020-2025 Sustainable Mode Share goals. Cumulatively, this results in a daily reduction of 57,778 VMT and an estimated daily GHG reduction of 23 MTCO2e. (In progress, on schedule) L - Promote an increase in the amount of zero-emissions vehicle travel Promote an increase in the amount of ZEV miles traveled from a projected 4.5% to 25% of total VMT by 2035. L-1 Working with industry partners, construct a “PV to EV” pilot project to install a PV charging station at a city facility (such as Faraday Center) to charge city ZEVs. The purpose of the pilot project would be to evaluate the feasibility of incorporating more ZEV into the city's fleet. (Short-term) During the previous reporting period, staff issued a Request for Information (RFI) for an off-grid PV powered EV charging station. Staff desired to explore innovative solutions that exceeded current market products, but the three proposals received were for “off-the-shelf” products. Staff continues to assess the feasibility of a direct "PV to EV" pilot project(s). (In progress, delayed) L-2 Prepare a community-wide charging station siting plan, which evaluates site visibility and exposure, EV driving ranges, high volume destinations, locations with high ownership or interest in EVs, and cost of construction. (Short-term) Staff continues to utilize the completed EV charging station site analysis to select locations for future charging stations. (Complete) L-3 Construct ZEV charging stations based on the community-wide charging station siting plan described in L-2 above. The ZEV charging stations will be funded by grant funds when available, and the city will post signage directing ZEVs to charging stations. (Mid-term) During the reporting period, staff continued to evaluate funding opportunities to construct EV charging stations. Staff also worked with SDG&E to install EV charging infrastructure, including DC fast charging, for fleet vehicles; the City Council approval of these charging stations occurred after the reporting period concluded. (In progress, on schedule) L-4 Offer dedicated ZEV parking, and provide charging stations adjacent to ZEV parking as identified in the community-wide charging station siting plan. (Mid-term) An EV charging infrastructure ordinance was adopted by City Council as Ordinance No. CS-349, which requires new residential and nonresidential buildings, and major renovations to existing residential buildings, to install EV charging infrastructure. Staff continued to implement this ordinance during the reporting period. (In progress, on schedule) L-5 Adopt requirements for ZEV parking for new developments. (Short-term) On March 12, 2019, an EV charging infrastructure ordinance was adopted by City Council as Ordinance No. CS-349, which requires new residential and nonresidential buildings to install EV charging infrastructure. (Complete) April 19, 2022Item #9 Page 34 of 41 a-vi L-6 Implement and enforce Title 18, Chapter 18.21, Sections 18.21.140 and 18.21.150, mandating electric vehicle charging infrastructure in new residential and non-residential building and existing residential and non-residential buildings undergoing major renovations. (Ongoing) Staff continued to implement the EV charging infrastructure ordinance adopted by City Council as Ordinance No. CS-349, which requires new residential and nonresidential buildings, and major renovations to existing residential buildings, to install EV charging infrastructure. Staff also prepared an EV Charging Station Ordinance, Permit Application, and Information Bulletin to explain the expedited permitting process. (In progress, on schedule) L-7 Update the city's Fleet Management Program to include a low and zero-emissions vehicle replacement/purchasing policy. Increase the proportion of city fleet low and zero–emissions VMT to 25% of all city-related VMT by 2035. (Short-term) Staff continued to implement the fleet conversion plan. On Oct. 13, 2021, Administrative Order #3 (Fleet Management Program) was updated to include a vehicle acquisition policy to require the purchase of low and zero-emission vehicles where feasible. Since April 2020, total of 31 hybrid patrol vehicles have now traveled a combined total of 650,000 miles, resulting in lifetime savings of 30,000 gallons of fuel when compared to the 2019 non- hybrid counterpart patrol vehicles. These fuel savings resulted in a reduction of 584,000 lbs (or 265 MT) of CO2. During the reporting period, a total of 24 city vehicles were replaced with hybrid alternatives, and one city hybrid vehicle was replaced with a plug-in hybrid alternative. (In progress, on schedule) M - Develop more citywide renewable energy projects Produce an equivalent amount of energy to power 2,000 homes (roughly equivalent to a 5% reduction) by 2035 from renewable energy projects. M-1 Conduct a feasibility study to evaluate citywide renewable energy projects and prioritize accordingly. (Short-term) Leveraging SANDAG’s Energy Engineering contract with TRC, a Microgrid Feasibility Study for the Carlsbad Safety and Service Center on Orion Way was completed and presented to City Council on June 12, 2018. If implemented, the microgrid would include enough renewable energy generation and energy storage to power the entire complex in case of a blackout. (Complete) M-2 Incorporate renewable energy measures such as PV system installation on city buildings and parking lots, or microturbine installation on city facilities, with the goal of producing approximately 12,000 megawatt-hours per year. (Mid to Long- term) In accordance with the city’s solar PV ordinance, future city facilities will be required to incorporate renewable energy. The potential for retrofitting PV on existing buildings is evaluated when other improvements and/or renovations are planned. (In progress, on schedule) M-3 Pursue available funding sources for the construction of renewable energy projects by the city, such as Energy Efficiency Financing for Public Sector Projects and SGIP. (Mid to Long-term) City staff continually monitors potential funding sources to support CAP implementation, including renewable energy projects. (In progress, on schedule) N - Reduce the GHG intensity of water supply conveyance, treatment and distribution Reduce the intensity of GHG emissions from water utilities (including water supply, wastewater, and recycled water) conveyance, treatment and distribution by 8% by 2035. April 19, 2022Item #9 Page 35 of 41 a-vii N-1 Improve water utilities (including water supply, wastewater, and recycled water) conveyance, treatment and distribution, and other system improvements. (Mid to Long-term) Incorporating energy efficiency into system improvements is standard practice for Carlsbad Utilities, which analyzes energy usage of their pumps and endeavors to increase energy efficiency of equipment whenever it is replaced. Carlsbad Utilities anticipates including a supplemental budget request for fiscal year 2022-23 to replace soft start electrical components to use wastewater pumps in an energy efficient manner. The potable water distribution system is almost completely gravity-fed. Specifically, CMWD receives treated water from the San Diego County Water Authority at the highest point in the system and uses gravity instead of electric pumps to move it downhill to customers throughout the city. (In progress, on schedule) O - Encourage the installation of greywater and rainwater systems Encourage the installation of greywater and rainwater collections systems with a goal of 15% of homes by 2035. O-1 Host workshops on greywater and rainwater collection systems through the Carlsbad Municipal Water District, or partner with existing workshop providers, for homeowners interested in installing systems suitable for their property. (Mid-term) CMWD participated in a rain barrel rebate program with other north San Diego County water districts to encourage and provide financial incentive for rainwater collections systems. Details on the program can be found at: http://www.solanacenter.org/PURCHASE-RAIN-BARREL Carlsbad Utilities posted information on greywater systems on its website at: https://www.carlsbadca.gov/departments/utilities/water/gray-water. (Complete) O-2 Create a greywater design reference manual, or provide links to an existing one, for the design of greywater and rainwater collection systems. (Mid-term) Staff will be updating the Utilities website to include a link to the County of San Diego’s greywater design manual; this update will occur just outside of this reporting period. (In progress, on schedule) O-3 Evaluate the feasibility of offering a rebate for residential greywater systems that require a permit to cover the cost of obtaining a permit. (Mid-term) Staff began evaluating the feasibility of this measure, but there are remaining legal questions around its funding. (In progress, on schedule) P – Increase the proportion of clean electricity in community energy consumption Achieve 100% renewable electricity by 2030 for 95% of the residential bundled load and 85% commercial + industrial bundled load. P-1 Continue participation in the Clean Energy Alliance (CEA) Community Choice Energy program. (Ongoing) The city continued participation in CEA, which launched in May 2021. (In progress, on schedule) P-2 Explore the purchase of renewable energy credits if Community Choice Energy program is not reaching 2035 goal. Staff will monitor program participation and implement this action if necessary. (Not started) April 19, 2022Item #9 Page 36 of 41 RESOLUTION NO. 2022-094 A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA, DIRECTING STAFF TO USE A CUSTOMIZED RUN OF THE SAN DIEGO ASSOCIATION OF GOVERNMENTS' MOST RECENT ACTIVITY BASED MODEL TAILORED FOR CARLSBAD IN ITS UPDATE OF THE CLIMATE ACTION PLAN UPDATE EXHIBIT 2 WHEREAS, on Sept. 22, 2015, the City Council adopted a Climate Action Plan, or CAP, along with the General Plan Update and associated Environmental Impact Report with Resolution Nos. 2015-244 and 2015-242, respectively; and WHEREAS, on July 14, 2020, the City Council adopted Resolution No. 2020-146, approving the Climate Action Plan Amendment No. 1, which revised the greenhouse gas, or GHG, inventory, reduction targets and forecasts, updated reductions from existing measures and incorporated community choice energy as a new reduction measure; and WHEREAS, to continue to align with updated state legislation and targets, further implement the city's Sustainability Guiding Principles and Community Value of Sustainability, and support the actions identified in the Declaration of a Climate Emergency, Resolution No. 2021-215, staff are preparing a comprehensive update to the Climate Action Plan; and WHEREAS, it is important to align data and modeling used to forecast growth assumptions within Carlsbad with other concurrent city efforts, such as the assumptions and modeling being used for the Housing Element Update; and WHEREAS, the City Planner has determined that the City Council's direction on the input methodology that would be utilized to prepare GHG emissions inventories is statutorily exempt from the requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act, or CEQA, pursuant to CEQA Guidelines section 15262, Feasibility and Planning Studies and that none of the exceptions to the exemptions as set forth in CEQA Guidelines Section 15300.2 applies. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Carlsbad, California, as follows: 1.That the above recitations are true and correct. 2.That staff are directed to use a customized run of the San Diego Association of Governments' most recent Activity Based Model tailored for Carlsbad in its update of the Climate Action Plan Update. April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 37 of 41 PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED at a Regular Meeting of the City Council of the City of Carlsbad on the 19th day of April, 2022, by the following vote, to wit: AYES: NAYS: ABSENT: Hall, Blackburn, Bhat-Patel, Acosta. None. Norby. MATT HAL[, Mayor ¥FAVIOLA MEDINA, City Clerk Services Manager (SEAL) April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 38 of 41 EXHIBIT 3 RESOLUTION NO. 2022- A RESOLUTION OF THE CITY COUNCIL OF THE CITY OF CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA, DIRECTING STAFF TO USE THE SAN DIEGO ASSOCIATION OF GOVERNMENTS’ MOST RECENTLY ADOPTED ACTIVITY BASED MODEL WITHOUT CUSTOMIZATION FOR INCLUSION IN THE CLIMATE ACTION PLAN UPDATE WHEREAS, on Sept. 22, 2015, the City Council adopted a Climate Action Plan, or CAP, along with the General Plan Update and associated Environmental Impact Report with Resolution Nos. 2015-244 and 2015-242, respectively; and WHEREAS, on July 14, 2020, the City Council adopted Resolution No. 2020-146, approving the Climate Action Plan Amendment No. 1, which revised the greenhouse gas, or GHG, inventory, reduction targets and forecasts, updated reductions from existing measures and incorporated community choice energy as a new reduction measure; and WHEREAS, to continue to align with updated state legislation and targets, further implement the city’s Sustainability Guiding Principles and Community Value of Sustainability, and support the actions identified in the Declaration of a Climate Emergency, Resolution No. 2021-215, staff are preparing a comprehensive update to the Climate Action Plan; and WHEREAS, it is important to align data and modeling used to forecast growth assumptions within Carlsbad with other regional efforts, such as the assumptions and modeling included in the San Diego Association of Governments, or SANDAG, 2021 Regional Plan; and WHEREAS, the City Planner has determined that City Council’s direction on the input methodology that would be utilized to prepare GHG emissions inventories is statutorily exempt from the requirements of the California Environmental Quality Act, or CEQA, pursuant to CEQA Guidelines section 15262, Feasibility and Planning Studies and that none of the exceptions to the exemptions as set forth in CEQA Guidelines Section 15300.2 applies. NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the City Council of the City of Carlsbad, California, as follows: 1. That the above recitations are true and correct. 2. That staff are directed to use the San Diego Association of Governments’ most recently adopted Activity Based Model without customization for inclusion in the CAP Update. April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 39 of 41 PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED at a Regular Meeting of the City Council of the City of Carlsbad on the __ day of ________, 2022, by the following vote, to wit: AYES: NAYS: ABSENT: _____________________________________ MATT HALL, Mayor ______________________________________ FAVIOLA MEDINA, City Clerk Services Manager (SEAL) April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 40 of 41 Exhibit 4 Climate Action Plan April 19, 2022 Item #9 Page 41 of 41 Climate Action Plan 2021 Annual Report and Status of the CAP Update Katie Hentrich, CAP Administrator Environmental Management April 19, 2022 (city of Carlsbad TODAY’S PRESENTATION •CAP Annual Report 5 •CAP Update •Recommendations (city of Carlsbad CAP BACKGROUND •Adopted qualified CAP in 2015 •One of first cities in the region •Amended July 14, 2020 •Updated GHG inventories, targets, and forecast •Updated CAP measures and added CCE •Annual monitoring and reporting ( City of Carlsbad 2012 GHG INVENTORY Emissions Category GHG Emissions (MTCO2e)Total Emissions (%) On-Road Transportation 488,000 49.9 Electricity 301,000 30.8 Natural Gas 134,000 13.7 Solid Waste 25,000 2.5 Off-Road Transportation 14,000 1.4 Water 12,000 1.2 Wastewater 3,000 >1 TOTAL 977,000 100 2012 GHG INVENTORY 50% 31% 14% 3% 1%1%0% On-Road Transportation Electricity Natural Gas Solid Waste Off-Road Transportation Water Wastewater >1% ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ ■ GHG EMISSIONS BASELINE, REDUCTIONS, AND TARGETS 977,000 937,920 468,960 0 200,000 400,000 600,000 800,000 1,000,000 1,200,000 2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 2028 2029 2030 2031 2032 2033 2034 2035MTCO2e Year CAP Baseline & Targets 2018 Inventory 930,000 l l l CAP MEASURES •Energy efficiency •Renewable energy •Transportation •Water •Measures cover municipal and community activities { City of Carlsbad CAP MEASURE PROGRESS 3% 51% 31% 9%Complete (11 actions) In progress, on schedule (20 actions) In progress, delayed (3 actions) Not started (1 action) { City of Carlsbad IMPLEMENTATION HIGHLIGHTS •Adopted Sustainable Mobility Plan •Launched Clean Energy Alliance •Continued implementing reach codes •Replaced 24 fleet vehicles with hybrids •Replaced 50% of light bulbs with LEDs I CAP UPDATE •Executed PSA in Nov. 2021 •Reviewed existing CAP measures •Analyzed updated legislation •Prepared public outreach plan •Meeting with CAP Interdepartmental Team •Stakeholder outreach (e.g., 5-Year Strategic Plan, Earth Day, community’s needs and priorities) STATUS OF CAP UPDATE { City of Carlsbad ACTIVITY BASED MODEL (ABM) •Major source of data for GHG emissions baseline inventory and projections •Recently updated by SANDAG with adoption of 2021 Regional Plan (“ABM2+”) •SANDAG delayed in publishing ABM2+ •Align data and modeling used to forecast growth with other city efforts, such as Housing Element Update rezoning program (city of Carlsbad Option Model Type Pros Cons 1 ABM2+ custom run •Aligns with land use assumptions and CEQA analysis •Utilizes most recent ABM •Cost savings •Estimated 6-to 9-month project delay 2 ABM2+•Utilizes most recent ABM •Aligns with 2021 Regional Plan •Does not align with land use assumptions and CEQA analysis •Would require future updates to CAP Update •Estimated 3-to 6-month project delay NEXT STEPS •Continue stakeholder outreach •Data collection and analyses •Assess GHG targets •Prepare candidate CAP measures •Share candidate CAP measures RECOMMENDED ACTION •Adopt a resolution accepting the Climate Action Plan Annual Report for reporting period 5, Jan. 1, 2021 – Dec. 31, 2021 •Adopt a resolution directing staff to use a customized run of the San Diego Association of Governments’ most recent Activity Based Model tailored for Carlsbad in its update of the Climate Action Plan { City of Carlsbad