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SDP 2019-0005; BMW CARLSBAD; STORM WATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN; 2019-04-10
C~Commercial Development Resources SWPPP STORM WATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN BMW Carlsbad Carlsbad, CA 92008 CDR 04/10/19 AutoNation . EC :IV APR 1 8 2019 CITY OF CARLSBAD PLANNING DIVISI01 I C~Commercial Development Resources STORMW ATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN Start of Construction 12/01/19 for BMW Carlsbad CDR#18089 RISKLEVEL 2 Legally Responsible Person [LRP): AutoNation 200 SW 1st Avenue Fort Lauderdale, FL 33301 Axay Patel/ patela1@autonation.com Contractor: Project Address: 1060 Auto Center Court Carlsbad, CA 92008 SWPPP Prepared by: CAL-Storm Compliance, Inc. 20 Radiance Lane, Rancho Santa Margarita, CA 92688 Ken Kristoffersen, MBA/QSP/QSD/ToR -00207 949-351-1537 / 949-354-5530 kkristoffersen@calstormcompliance.com SWPPP Preparation Date 04/10/19 Estimated Project Dates: Completion of Construction 12/01/20 ----- -• -• .. -.. • ----.. ----------! -.. -.. --... - C~Commercial Development Resources Table of Contents Table of Contents ........................................................................................................................... i Qualified SWPPP Developer ........................................................................................................ 1 Legally Responsible Person .......................................................................................................... 2 Amendment Log ............................................................................................................................ 3 Section 1 SWPPP Requirements .............................................................................................. 4 1.1 Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 4 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 Permit Registration Documents ...................................................................................... 4 SWPPP Availability and Implementation ....................................................................... 5 SWPPP Amendments ...................................................................................................... 5 Retention of Records ....................................................................................................... 6 Required Non-Compliance Reporting ............................................................................ 7 Annual Report ................................................................................................................. 7 Changes to Permit Coverage ........................................................................................... 7 1.9 Notice of Termination ..................................................................................................... 8 Section 2 Project Information .................................................................................................. 9 2.1 Project and Site Description ............................................................................................ 9 2.1.1 Site Description ........................................................................................................... 9 2.1.2 Existing Conditions ..................................................................................................... 9 2.1.3 Existing Drainage ........................................................................................................ 9 2.1.4 Geology and Groundwater .......................................................................................... 9 2.1.5 Project Description ...................................................................................................... 9 2.1.6 Developed Condition .................................................................................................. 9 2.2 Permits and Governing Documents .............................................................................. 10 2.3 Stormwater Run-On from Offsite Areas ....................................................................... 10 2.4 Findings of the Construction Site Sediment and Receiving Water Risk Determination ........ 10 2.5 Construction Schedule .................................................................................................. 12 2.6 Potential Construction Activity and Pollutant Sources ................................................. 12 2.7 Identification ofNon-Stormwater Discharges .............................................................. 12 2.8 Required Site Map Information .................................................................................... 13 Section 3 Best Management Practices ................................................................................... 15 SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad April 2019 Cl>\s 3.1 Schedule for BMP Implementation .............................................................................. 15 3.2 Erosion and Sediment Control.. .................................................................................... 15 3.2.1 Erosion Control ......................................................................................................... 16 3.2.2 Sediment Controls ..................................................................................................... 18 3.3.1 Non-Stormwater Controls ......................................................................................... 20 3.3.2 Materials Management and Waste Management.. .................................................... 22 3.4 Post construction Stormwater Management Measures ................................................. 26 Section 4 BMP Inspection, Maintenance, and Rain Event Action Plans ........................... 27 4.1 BMP Inspection and Maintenance ................................................................................ 27 4.2 Rain Event Action Plans ............................................................................................... 27 Section 5 Training ................................................................................................................... 29 Section 6 Responsible Parties and Operators ....................................................................... 30 6.1 Responsible Parties ....................................................................................................... 30 6.2 Contractor List .............................................................................................................. 31 Section 7 Construction Site Monitoring Program ................................................................ 32 7.1 Purpose ...................................................................................................................... 32 7.2 Applicability of Permit Requirements ...................................................................... 32 7.3. Weather and Rain Event Tracking ............................................................................ 32 7.3.1 Weather Tracking .................................................................................................. 32 7.3.2 Rain Gauges .......................................................................................................... 33 7.4 Monitoring Locations ................................................................................................ 33 7.5 7.6 Safety and Monitoring Exemptions .......................................................................... 33 Visual Monitoring ..................................................................................................... 34 7.6.1 Routine Observations and Inspections .................................................................. 34 7.6.1.1 Routine BMP Inspections ........................................................................... 34 7.6.1.2 Non-Stormwater Discharge Observations ................................................ 35 7.6.2 Rain-Event Triggered Observations and Inspections ........................................... 35 7.6.2.1 Visual Observations Prior to a Forecasted Qualifying Rain Event ....... 35 7.6.2.2 BMP Inspections During an Extended StormEvent ................................ 35 7.6.2.3 Visual Observations Following a Qualifying Rain Event ........................ 36 7 .6.3 Visual Monitoring Procedures .............................................................................. 36 SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 11 April 2019 - --- ---------------- - -.. --.. --.. .. - --- - -------------- -.. - ----- ------- C--...=nt W<Resoorces 7.6.4 Visual Monitoring Follow-Up and Reporting ....................................................... 36 7 .6.5 Visual Monitoring Locations ................................................................................ 3 7 7.7 Water Quality Sampling and Analysis ...................................................................... 38 7. 7 .1 Sampling and Analysis Plan for Non-Visible Pollutants in Stormwater Runoff Discharges ....... 3 8 7.7.1.1 Sampling Schedule ...................................................................................... 38 7.7.1.2 Sampling Locations ..................................................................................... 39 7. 7 .1.3 Monitoring Preparation ............................................................................. 41 7.7.1.4 Analytical Constituents .............................................................................. 41 7.7.1.5 Sample Collection ........................................................................................ 42 7.7.1.6 Sample Analysis .......................................................................................... 42 7.7.1.7 Data Evaluation and Reporting ................................................................. 44 7. 7 .2 Sampling and Analysis Plan for pH and Turbidity in Stormwater Runoff Discharges .............. 44 7.7.2.1 Sampling Schedule ...................................................................................... 44 7.7.2.2 Sampling Locations ..................................................................................... 45 7.7.2.3 Monitoring Preparation ............................................................................. 45 7. 7 .2.4 Field Parameters ......................................................................................... 46 7.7.2.5 Sample Collection ........................................................................................ 46 7.7.2.6 Field Measurements .................................................................................... 47 7.7.2.7 Data Evaluation and Reporting ................................................................. 47 7.7.3 Additional Monitoring Following an NEL Exceedance ....................................... 48 7. 7.4 Sampling and Analysis Plan for Non-Stormwater Discharges ............................. 48 7. 7 .4.1 Sampling Schedule ...................................................................................... 48 7.7.4.2 Sampling Locations ..................................................................................... 49 7.7.4.3 7.7.4.4 7.7.4.5 7.7.4.6 7.7.4.7 Monitoring Preparation ............................................................................. 49 Analytical Constituents .............................................................................. 50 Sample Collection ........................................................................................ 50 Sample Analysis .......................................................................................... 50 Data Evaluation and Reporting ................................................................. 51 7. 7 .5 Sampling and Analysis Plan for Other Pollutants Required by the Regional Water Board ......... 53 7.7.6 Training of Sampling Personnel ........................................................................... 53 7.7.7 Sample Collection and Handling .......................................................................... 53 SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad lll April 2019 CIWII...~ V<Resources 7.7.7.1 Sample Collection ........................................................................................ 53 7.7.7.2 Sample Handling ......................................................................................... 54 7.7.7.3 Sample Documentation Procedures .......................................................... 55 7.8 Active Treatment System Monitoring ...................................................................... 55 7.9 Bioassessment Monitoring ........................................................................................ 56 7 .10 Watershed Monitoring Option .................................................................................. 56 7.11 Quality Assurance and Quality Control.. .................................................................. 56 7 .11.1 Field Logs ......................................................................................................... 56 7.11.2 Clean Sampling Techniques ............................................................................. 56 7.11.3 Chain of Custody .............................................................................................. 56 7.11.4 QA/QC Samples ................................................................................................ 57 7.11.4.1 Field Duplicates .......................................................................................... 57 7.11.4.2 Equipment Blanks ...................................................................................... 57 7.11.4.3 Field Blanks ................................................................................................ 57 7.11.4.4 Travel Blanks .............................................................................................. 57 7 .11.5 Data Verification ............................................................................................... 58 7.12 Records Retention ..................................................................................................... 59 CSMP Attachment 1: Weather Reports ................................................................................. 60 CSMP Attachment 2: Monitoring Records ........................................................................... 61 CSMP Attachment 3: Example Forms ................................................................................... 62 CSMP Attachment 4: Field Meter Instructions .................................................................... 70 CSMP Attachment S: Supplemental Information ................................................................. 71 Sections References ................................................................................................................ 72 Appendix A: Calculations ...................................................................................................... 73 AppendixB: Site Maps .......................................................................................................... 74 AppendixC: Permit Registration Documents ....................................................................... 75 AppendixD: SWPPP Amendment Certifications ................................................................. 77 AppendixE: Submitted Changes to PRDs ............................................................................ 79 Appendix F: Construction Schedule ..................................................................................... 81 AppendixG: Construction Activities, Materials Used, and Associated Pollutants ............. 82 AppendixH: CASQA Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal: Construction Fact Sheets ...... 86 SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad iv April 2019 .. -- ------ -------- --- ---.. - -- - .. --.. -Appendix/: BMP Inspection Form ..................................................................................... 87 .. Appendix J: Project Specific Rain Event Action Plan Template ......................................... 94 -Appendix K: Training Reporting Form ................................................................................ 99 -Appendix L: Responsible Parties ........................................................................................ 101 Appendix M: Contractors and Subcontractors .................................................................... 105 -Appendix N: Construction General Permit ......................................................................... 106 -... - ------ .. ---.. --I .. ---SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad V April 2019 --.. - --.. -----.. -------.. --- - --- - .. ---.. --- C~Commercial Development R&IOUfCeS Qualified SWPPP Developer Approval and Certification of the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Project Name: BMW Carlsbad "This Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan and Attachments were prepared under my direction to meet the requirements of the California Construction General Permit (SWRCB Orders No. 2009-009- DWQ as amended by Order 2010-0014-DWQ). I certify that I am a Qualified SWPPP Developer in good standing as of the date signed below." 04/10/19 QSD Signature Date Ken Kristoffersen 00207 QSDName QSD Certificate Number MBAIQSPIQSDnor (949) 351-1547 Title and Affiliation Telephone Number kkristoffersen@calstormcompliance.com Email SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad April 2019 Legally Responsible Person Approval and Certification of the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Project Name: BMW Carlsbad "I certify under penalty of law that this document and all Attachments were prepared under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manage the system or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information, to the best of my knowledge and belief, the information submitted is, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations." AutoNation Legally Responsible Person Signature of Legally Responsible Person or Approved Signatory AxayPatel Name of Legally Responsible Person or Approved Signatory SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 2 Date Telephone Number April 2019 ------- .. -- ------ ----------- --- .. --.. ---- - ---- ---------.. ------• --- Amendment Log Project Name: C~=t W<Resources BMW Carlsbad Amendment Date Brief Description of Amendment, include Prepared and Approved No. section and page number By Name: QSD# Name: QSD# Name: QSD# Name: QSD# Name: QSD# Name: QSD# Name: QSD# Name: QSD# Name: QSD# SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad April 2019 CD\Commarcial Dftelapnet,t Resources Section 1 SWPPP Requirements 1.1 INTRODUCTION The BMW Carlsbad project consists of the demolition of an existing auto parts retail building and the construction of a new BMW dealership with new pavement, utilities, and storm drain system. The total site is approximately 3.7 acres and is located at 1060 Auto Center Court, Carlsbad, California. The project's location is shown on the Site Map in Appendix B. This Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) is designed to comply with California's General Permit for Stormwater Discharges Associated with Construction and Land Disturbance Activities (General Permit) Order No. 2009-0009-DWQas amended by Order No. 2010-0014-DWQ (NPDES No. CAS000002) issued by the State Water Resources Control Board (State Water Board). This SWPPP has been prepared following the SWPPP Template provided on the California Stormwater Quality Association Stormwater Best Management Practice Handbook Portal: Construction (CASQA, 2010). In accordance with the General Permit, Section XIV, this SWPPP is designed to address the following: • Pollutants and their sources, including sources of sediment associated with construction, construction site erosion and other activities associated with construction activity are controlled; • Where not otherwise required to be under a Regional Water Quality Control Board (Regional Water Board) permit, all non-stormwater discharges are identified and either eliminated, controlled, or treated; • Site BMPs are effective and result in the reduction or elimination of pollutants in stormwater discharges and authorized non-stormwater discharges from construction activity to the Best Available Technology/Best Control Technology (BAT/BCT) standard; Calculations and design details as well as BMP controls for are complete and correct, Appendix A. Identify and provide methods to implement Rain Event Action Plan (REAP). 1.2 PERMIT REGISTRATION DOCUMENTS Required Permit Registration Documents (PRDs) shall be submitted to the State Water Board via the Stormwater Multi Application and Report Tracking System (SMARTS) by the Legally Responsible Person (LRP), or authorized personnel (i.e., Approved Signatory) under the direction of the LRP. The project-specific PRDs include: 1. Notice oflntent (NOi); 2. Risk Assessment (Construction Site Sediment and Receiving Water Risk Determination); 3. Site Map; 4. Annual Fee; SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 4 April 2019 • -.. • -- • -• -- .. • - -.. - --- --- -.. -----------.. --------------.. ---.. -.. -.. --- flll'a...~ IIIW<Resoorcn 5. Signed Certification Statement (LRP Certification is provided electronically with SMARTS PRD submittal); and 6. SWPPP. Site Maps can be found in Appendix B. A copy of the submitted PRDs shall also be kept in Appendix C along with the Waste Discharge Identification (WDID) confirmation. Additional PRDs may be required depending on the construction type and location. Modify and include the below test to address items as applicable. • Post-construction water balance calculation; 1.3 SWPPP AVAILABILITY AND IMPLEMENTATION The discharger shall make the SWPPP available at the construction site during working hours (see Section 7.5 of CSMP for working hours) while construction is occurring and shall be made available upon request by a State or Municipal inspector. When the original SWPPP is retained by a crewmember in a construction vehicle and is not currently at the construction site, current copies of the BMPs and map/drawing will be left with the field crew and the original SWPPP shall be made available via a request by radio/telephone. (CGP Section XIV.C) The SWPPP shall be implemented concurrently with the start of ground disturbing activities. 1.4 SWPPP AMENDMENTS The SWPPP should be revised when: • If there is a General Permit violation. • When there is a reduction or increase in total disturbed acreage (General Permit Section II Part C). • BMPs do not meet the objectives of reducing or eliminating pollutants in stormwater discharges. Additionally, the SWPPP shall be amended when: • There is a change in construction or operations which may affect the discharge of pollutants to surface waters, groundwater(s), or a municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4); • When there is a change in the project duration that changes the project's risk level; or • When deemed necessary by the QSD. The QSD has determined that the changes listed in Table 1.1 can be field determined by the QSP. All other changes shall be made by the QSD as formal amendments to the SWPPP. The following items shall be included in each amendment: • Who requested the amendment; • The location of proposed change; • The reason for change; SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad April 2019 ,,.--.,.Commercial '-~=nt • The original BMP proposed, if any; and • The new BMP proposed. Amendment shall be logged at the front of the SWPPP and certification kept in Appendix D. The SWPPP text shall be revised replaced, and/or hand annotated as necessary to properly convey the amendment. SWPPP amendments must be made by a QSD. The following changes have been designated by the QSD as "to be field determined" and constitute minor changes that the QSP may implement based on field conditions. Table 1.1 List of Changes to be Field Determined Candidate changes for field location or Check changes that can be field located determination by QSP<1> or field determined by QSP Increase quantity of an Erosion or Sediment Control y Measure Relocate/ Add stockpiles or stored materials y Relocate or add toilets y Relocate vehicle storage and/or fueling locations y Relocate areas for waste storage y Relocate water storage and/or water transfer location y Changes to access points (entrance/exits) y Change type of Erosion or Sediment Control Measure y Changes to location of erosion or sediment control y Minor changes to schedule or phases y Changes in construction materials y (1) Any field changes not identified for field location or field determination by QSP must be approved byQSD 1.5 RETENTION OF RECORDS Paper or electronic records of documents required by this SWPPP shall be retained for a minimum of three years from the date generated or date submitted, whichever is later, for the following items: • SWPPP • Inspection Reports • Annual Reports SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 6 April 2019 • - -.. -.. .. • .. • - .. -- --- --.. .. -- -.. -.. -.. .. -- - --- ------------------- - -- ,.~~ IIIW<RelOUfces These records shall be available at the Site until construction is complete. Records assisting in the determination of compliance with the General Permit shall be made available within a reasonable time, to the Regional Water Board, State Water Board or U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) upon request. Requests by the Regional Water Board for retention of records for a period longer than three years shall be adhered to. 1.6 REQUIRED NON-COMPLIANCE REPORTING If a discharge violation occurs the QSP shall immediately notify the LRP and the LRP shall file a violation report electronically to the Regional Water Board within 30 days of identification of non-compliance using SMARTS. Corrective measures will be implemented immediately following the discharge or written notice of non-compliance from the Regional Water Board. Discharges and corrective actions will be documented on the NAL/NEL Exceedance Site Evaluation Report Form in CSMP Attachment 3 "Example Forms." The report to the LRP and to the Regional Water Board will contain the following items: • The date, time, location, nature of operation and type of unauthorized discharge. • The cause or nature of the notice or order. • The control measures (BMPs) deployed before the discharge event, or prior to receiving notice or order. The date of deployment and type of control measures (BMPs) deployed after the discharge event, or after receiving the notice or order, including additional measures installed or planned to reduce or prevent re-occurrence. Reporting requirements for Numeric Action Levels (NALs) exceedances are discussed in Section 7.7.2.7. 1.7 ANNUAL REPORT The General Permit requires that permittees prepare, certify, and electronically submit an Annual Report no later than September 1 stof each year. Reporting requirements are identified in Section XVI of the General Permit. Annual reports will be filed in SMARTS and in accordance with information required by the on-line forms. 1.8 CHANGES TO PERMIT COVERAGE The General Permit allows for the reduction or increase of the total acreage covered under the General Permit when: a portion of the project is complete and/or conditions for termination of coverage have been met; when ownership of a portion of the project is purchased by a different entity; or when new acreage is added to the project. Modified PRDs shall be filed electronically within 30 days of a reduction or increase in total disturbed area if a change in permit covered acreage is to be sought. The SWPPP shall be modified appropriately, shall be loggedat the front of the SWPPP and cetrification of SWPPP SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad April 2019 C--..=nt W'C:Rnources amendments are to be kept in Appendix D. Updated PRDs submitted electronically via SMARTS can be found in Appendix E. 1.9 NOTICE OF TERMINATION A Notice of Termination {NOT) must be submitted electronically by the LRP via SMARTS to terminate coverage under the General Permit. The NOT must include a final Site Map and representative photographs of the project site that demonstrate final stabilization has been achieved. The NOT shall be submitted within 90 days of completion of construction. The Regional Water Board will consider a construction site complete when the conditions of the General Permit, Section II.D have been met. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 8 April 2019 • - -• • -- • - .. • • .. --.. --- -.. -- - --- -.. ------ -- ---.. --- ------- ---.. - --- C~Commercial Develc:Jprnant Resources Section 2 Project Information 2.1 2.1.1 PROJECT AND SITE DESCRIPTION Site Description The BMW Carlsbad project consists of the demolition of an existing auto parts retail building and the construction of a new BMW dealership with new pavement, utilities, and storm drain system. The total site is approximately 3.7 acres and is located at 1060 Auto Center Court, Carlsbad, California. The project is located at Latitude 33.134674° and Longitude -117.324170° and is identified on the Site Map in Appendix B. 2.1.2 Existing Conditions As of the initial date of this SWPPP, the project site is an existing auto dealership building. There are no known historic sources of contamination at the site. 2.1.3 Existing Drainage The project site generally flat. The elevation of the project site ranges from 100 to 108 feet above mean sea level (msl). Surface drainage at the site currently flows to the southwest, and ultimately to the storm drain system in the City of Carlsbad, California. Existing site topography, drainage patterns, and stormwater conveyance systems are shown on the existing conditions hydrology exhibit. 2.1.4 Geology and Groundwater The site is underlain by Carlsbad gravelly loamy sand and Marina loamy coarse sand (see Soils Survey). Groundwater depth occurs approximately 50 feet below ground surface. 2.1.5 Project Description The BMW Carlsbad project consists of the demolition of an existing auto parts retail building and the construction of a new BMW dealership with new pavement, utilities, and storm drain system. The total site is approximately 3. 7 acres and is located at 1060 Auto Center Court, Carlsbad, California. Soil will be stockpiled within the project limits to be located per the selected contactor's staging plan. Construction activities will not be phased. 2.1.6 Developed Condition Post construction surface drainage will be directed to the same direction as existed before development towards the northwest. Post construction drainage patterns and conveyance systems are presented on the proposed conditions hydrology exhibit in Appendix B. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 9 April 2019 0 ~--....Commercial lllr<=nt Table 2.1 Construction Site Estimates Construction site area 3.7 acres Percent impervious before construction 95 % Runoff coefficient before construction 0.90 Percent impervious after construction 95 % Runoff coefficient after construction 0.90 2.2 PERMITS AND GOVERNING DOCUMENTS In addition to the General Permit, the following documents have been taken into account while preparing this SWPPP • Regional Water Board requirements • Contract Documents • Air Quality Regulations and Permits 2.3 STORMWATER RUN-ON FROM OFFSITE AREAS There is no anticipated offsite run-on to this construction site because the site is above the surrounding ground. 2.4 FINDINGS OF THE CONSTRUCTION SITE SEDIMENT AND RECEIVING WATER RISK DETERMINATION A construction site risk assessment has been performed for the project and the resultant risk level is Risk Level 2. The risk level was determined through the use of the RUSLE equation in the SMARTS system. The risk level is based on project duration, location, proximity to impaired receiving waters and soil conditions. A copy of the Risk Level determination submitted on SMAR TS with the PRDs is included in Appendix A. Table 2.2 and Table 2.3 summarize the sediment and receiving water risk factors and document the sources of information used to derive the factors. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 10 April 2019 -.. -- • - --- --- .. ---- - - - - .. .. --- C~Commercial Development Resources Table 2.2 Summary of Sediment Risk RUSLE Value Method for establishing value Factor R 32.35 EPA LEW Calculator K 0.20 Smarts Calculator LS l.69 Smarts Calculator Total Predicted Sediment Loss (tons/acre) Overall Sediment Risk Low Sediment Risk < 15 tons/ acre Medium Sediment Risk >= 15 and < 75 tons/acre High Sediment Risk >= 75 tons/acre 10.92 0Low IZ!Medium □High Runoff from the project site discharges into the storm drain system of Carlsbad and then to Buena Vista Creel and then the Pacific Ocean. Table 2.3 Summary of Receiving Water Risk 303( d) Listed for TMDL for Sediment Beneficial Uses of Receiving Water Name Sediment Related Related Pollutant<•> COLD, SPAWN, and Pollutant<•> MIGRATORY<•> Buena Vista Creek IZJ Yes □No OYes IZJ No OYes IZJ No Overall Receiving Water Risk 0Low IZJHigh (I) lf yes is selected for any option the Receiving Water Risk is High Risk Level 2 sites are subject to both the narrative effluent limitations and numeric effluent standards. The narrative effluent limitations require stormwater discharges associated with construction activity to minimize or prevent pollutants in stormwater and authorized non- stormwater through the use of controls, structures and best management practices. Discharges from Risk Level 2 site are subject to NALs for pH and turbidity shown in Table 2-4. This SWPPP has been prepared to address Risk Level 2 requirements (General Permit Attachment D). Table 2.4 Numeric Action Levels Parameter Unit Numeric Action Level Daily Average pH pH units Lower NAL = 6.5 Upper NAL = 8.5 SW PPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 11 April 2019 Table 2.4 Parameter Turbidity 2.5 C~Commercial Development Resources Numeric Action Levels Unit Numeric Action Level Daily Average NTU 250NTU CONSTRUCTION SCHEDULE The site sediment risk was determined based on construction taking place between 12/01/19 and 12/01/20. Modification or extension of the schedule (start and end dates) may affect risk determination and permit requirements. The LRP shall contact the QSD if the schedule changes during construction to address potential impact to the SWPPP. The estimated schedule for planned work can be found in Appendix F. 2.6 POTENTIAL CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY AND POLLUTANT SOURCES Appendix G includes a list of construction activities and associated materials that are anticipated to be used onsite. These activities and associated materials will or could potentially contribute pollutants, other than sediment, to stormwater runoff. The anticipated activities and associated pollutants were used in Section 3 to select the Best Management Practices for the project. Location of anticipated pollutants and associated BMPs are show on the Site Map in Appendix B. For sampling requirements for non-visible pollutants associated with construction activity please refer to Section 7. 7. l . For a full and complete list of onsite pollutants, refer to the Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS), which are retained onsite at the construction trailer. 2.7 IDENTIFICATION OF NON-STORMWATER DISCHARGES Non-stormwater discharges consist of discharges which do not originate from precipitation events. The General Permit provides allowances for specified non-stormwater discharges that do not cause erosion or carry other pollutants. Non-stormwater discharges into storm drainage systems or waterways, which are not authorized under the General Permit and listed in the SWPPP, or authorized under a separate NPDES permit, are prohibited. Non-stormwater discharges that are authorized from this project site include the following: • None These authorized non-stormwater discharges will be managed with the stormwater and non- stormwater BMPs described in Section 3 of this SWPPP and will be minimized by the QSP. Activities at this site that may result in unauthorized non-stormwater discharges include: • None SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 12 April 2019 c:~Commercial Development Resources Steps will be taken, including the implementation of appropriate BMPs, to ensure that unauthorized discharges are eliminated, controlled, disposed, or treated on-site. Discharges of construction materials and wastes, such as fuel or paint, resulting from dumping, spills, or direct contact with rainwater or stormwater runoff, are also prohibited. The following discharge(s) have been authorized by (a) regional NPDES permit(s): • None 2.8 REQUIRED SITE MAP INFORMATION The construction project's Site Map(s) showing the project location, surface water boundaries, geographic features, construction site perimeter and general topography and other requirements identified in Attachment B of the General Permit is located in Appendix B. Table 2.6 identifies Map or Sheet Nos. where required elements are illustrated. Table 2.6 Required Map Information Included on Map/Plan Sheet Required Element No.<1> S&EC Plan The project's surrounding area (vicinity) S&EC Plan Site layout S&EC Plan Construction site boundaries S&EC Plan Drainage areas S&EC Plan Discharge locations S&EC Plan Sampling locations S&EC Plan Areas of soil disturbance (temporary or permanent) S&EC Plan Active areas of soil disturbance ( cut or fill) S&EC Plan Locations ofrunoffBMPs S&EC Plan Locations of erosion control BMPs S&EC Plan Locations of sediment control BMPs N/A ATS location (if applicable) N/A Locations of sensitive habitats, watercourses, or other features which are not to be disturbed S&EC Plan Locations of all post construction BMPs S&EC Plan Waste storage areas S&EC Plan Vehicle storage areas S&EC Plan Material storage areas SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 13 April 2019 Cl>\Commercial Development Resources Table 2.6 Required Map Information Included on Map/Plan Sheet Required Element No.<1> S&EC Plan Entrance and Exits S&EC Plan Fueling Locations Notes: (I) Indicate maps or drawings that information is included on (e.g., Vicinity Map, Site Map, Drainage Plans, Grading Plans, Progress Maps, etc.) SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 14 April 2019 CD\Commercial Development Resources Section 3 Best Management Practices 3.1 SCHEDULE FOR BMP IMPLEMENTATION Table 3.1 BMP Implementation Schedule BMP Implementation EC-1, Scheduling Prior to Construction EC-2, Preservation of Existing Vegetation Start of Construction C = Q I,,. -~ .... Q C I,,. Q ~ u = I,,. SE-5, Fiber Rolls Start of Construction .... C Q u SE-6, Gravel Bag Berm Start of Construction .... C Q,j e SE-7, Street Sweeping Start of Construction :a Q,j rJ1 SE-10, Storm Drain Inlet Protection Start of Construction TC-1, Stabilized Construction Start of Construction Oil_ Entrance/Exit C Q .... I,,. .!Ii: .... C.J C ~ Q ~u TC-2, Stabilized Construction Roadway C "O Q C ,.., WE-1, Wind Erosion Control Start of Construction .... "' ~ f: ~ 3.2 EROSION AND SEDIMENT CONTROL Duration Entirety of Project Entirety of Project Entirety of Project Entirety of Project Entirety of Project Entirety of Project Entirety of Project Entirety of Project Erosion and sediment controls are required by the General Permit to provide effective reduction or elimination of sediment related pollutants in stormwater discharges and authorized non- stormwater discharges from the Site. Applicable BMPs are identified in thi s section for erosion control, sediment control, tracking control, and wind erosion control. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 15 April 2019 e 3.2.1 Erosion Control Cl>\Commercial Development Resources Erosion control, also referred to as soil stabilization, consists of source control measures that are designed to prevent soil particles from detaching and becoming transported in storrnwater runoff. Erosion control BMPs protect the soil surface by covering and/or binding soil particles. This construction project will implement the following practices to provide effective temporary and final erosion control during construction: 1. Preserve existing vegetation where required and when feasible. 2. The area of soil disturbing operations shall be controlled such that the Contractor is able to implement erosion control BMPs quickly and effectively. 3. Stabilize non-active areas within 14 days of cessation of construction activities or sooner if stipulated by local requirements. 4. Control erosion in concentrated flow paths by applying erosion control blankets, check dams, erosion control seeding or alternate methods. 5. Prior to the completion of construction, apply permanent erosion control to remaining disturbed soil areas. Sufficient erosion control materials shall be maintained onsite to allow implementation in conformance with this SWPPP. The following temporary erosion control BMP selection table indicates the BMPs that shall be implemented to control erosion on the construction site. Fact Sheets for temporary erosion control BMPs are provided in Appendix H. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 16 April 2019 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I t Table 3.2 Temporary Erosion Control BMPs CASQA Meets a Fact BMPName Minimum I I I I I I ,.--..Conwnerc. I IIV<="t BMPUsed Sheet Requirement11l YES NO EC-1 Scheduling ✓ ✓ EC-2 Preservation of Existing ✓ ✓ Vegetation EC-3 Hydraulic Mulch ✓(2) ✓ EC-4 Hydroseed ✓<2) ✓ EC-5 Soil Binders ✓(2) ✓ EC-6 Straw Mulch ✓(2) ✓ EC-7 Geotextiles and Mats ✓(2) ✓ EC-8 Wood Mulching ✓(2) ✓ EC-9 Earth Dike and Drainage Swales ✓C3) ✓ EC-10 Velocity Dissipation Devices ✓ EC-11 Slope Drains ✓ EC-12 Stream Bank Stabilization ✓ EC-14 Compost Blankets ✓(2) ✓ EC-15 Soil Preparation-Roughening ✓ EC-16 Non-Vegetated Stabilization ✓<2) ✓ WE-1 Wind Erosion Control ✓ ✓ Alternate BMPs Used: 0 > Applicability to a specific project shall be determined by the QSD. I I I I I I I I I I If not used, state reason Other means used Other means used Other means used Other means used Other means used Other means used Other means used Other means used Other means used Other means used Other means used Other means used Other means used If used, state reason: <2> The QSD shall ensure implementation of one of the minimum measures listed or a combination thereof to achieve and maintain the Risk Level requirements. I I <3lRun-on from offsite shall be directed away from all disturbed areas, diversion of offsite flows may require design/analysis by a licensed civil engineer and/or additional environmental permitting SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 17 -April 2019 I I I I CD\Commercial Dew!lopment Rell0Ufces These temporary erosion control BMPs shall be implemented in conformance with the following guidelines and as outlined in the BMP Factsheets provided in Appendix H. If there is a conflict between documents, the Site Map will prevail over narrative in the body of the SWPPP or guidance in the BMP Fact Sheets. Site specific details in the Site Map prevail over standard details included in the Site Map. The narrative in the body of the SWPPP prevails over guidance in the BMP Fact Sheets. Scheduling Scheduling will be used as practical to reduce areas of inactive soil disturbance per BMP Detail EC-1. Preservation of Existing Vegetation Vegetation/trees will be preserved when practical on site per BMP Detail EC-2. Wind Erosion Control Potable water will be used for dust control/wind erosion control on all areas of the project when needed per BMP Detail WE-I . 3.2.2 Sediment Controls Sediment controls are temporary or permanent structural measures that are intended to complement the selected erosion control measures and reduce sediment discharges from active construction areas. Sediment controls are designed to intercept and settle out soil particles that have been detached and transported by the force of water. The following sediment control BMP selection table indicates the BMPs that shall be implemented to control sediment on the construction site. Fact Sheets for temporary sediment control BMPs are provided in Appendix H. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 18 April 2019 • -----• -.. -• -- --- - - .. ., .. ----.. --- .. -.. • • I I I t • • I • • • I a I I I I I t I I I I I I 6 I I I I & I I I I i I C~Commercial OeYelopment Resources Table 3.3 Temporary Sediment Control BMPs CASQA Meets a BMPused Fact BMPName Minimum If not used, state reason Sheet Requirement<!) YES NO SE-I Silt Fence ✓(2)(3) ✓ Other means used SE-2 Sediment Basin ✓ Other means used SE-3 Sediment Trap ✓ Other means used SE-4 Check Dams ✓ Other means used SE-5 Fiber Rolls ✓(2)(3) ✓ SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm ✓<3) ✓ SE-7 Street Sweeping ✓ ✓ SE-8 Sandbag Barrier ✓ Other means used SE-9 Straw Bale Barrier ✓ Other means used SE-10 Storm Drain Inlet Protection ✓RL2&3 ✓ SE-11 ATS ✓ Other means used SE-12 Temporary Silt Dike ✓ Other means used SE-13 Compost Sock and Berm ✓(3) ✓ Other means used SE-14 Biofilter Bags ✓<3) ✓ Other means used TC-I Stabilized Construction Entrance and Exit ✓ ✓ TC-2 Stabilized Construction Roadway ✓ Other means used TC-3 Entrance Outlet Tire Wash ✓ Other means used Alternate BMPs Used: If used, state reason: OJ Applicability to a specific project shall be determined by the QSD <2> The QSD shall ensure implementation of one of the minimum measures listed or a combination thereof to achieve and maintain the Risk Level requirements <3>Risk Level 2 &3 shall provide linear sediment control along toe of slope, face of slope, and at the grade breaks of exposed slope SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 19 April 2019 CD\Commercial Development Resources These temporary sediment control BMPs shall be implemented in conformance with the following guidelines and in accordance with the BMP Fact Sheets provided in Appendix H. If there is a conflict between documents, the Site Map will prevail over narrative in the body of the SWPPP or guidance in the BMP Fact Sheets. Site specific details in the Site Map prevail over standard details included in the Site Map. The narrative in the body of the SWPPP prevails over guidance in the BMP Fact Sheets. Fiber Rolls Temporary fiber rolls will be deployed for short segments on the site perimeter on a limited basis. See BMP Detail SE-5 Gravel Bag Berm Gravel bags will be deployed around the perimeter to control turbid run-off as well as onsite run- on to the site. See BMP Detail SE-6. Street Sweeping Streets will be swept thoroughly to ensure effective track out control for all phases of construction using street sweepers and or with brooms per Detail SE-7. Storm Drain Inlet Protection Inlets will be protected on site and on the streets downstream of active project areas. See BMP Detail SE-10. Stabilized Construction Entrance and Exit A Stabilized Construction Entrance I Exit will be established for the site to ensure effective track out control per Detail SE-10. Non-Stormwater Controls and Waste and Materials 3.3 Non-Stormwater Controls 3.3.1 Non-Stormwater Controls Non-stormwater discharges into storm drainage systems or waterways, which are not authorized under the General Permit, are prohibited. Non-stormwater discharges for which a separate NPDES permit is required by the local Regional Water Board are prohibited unless coverage under the separate NPDES permit has been obtained for the discharge. The selection of non- stormwater BMPs is based on the list of construction activities with a potential for non- stormwater discharges identified in Section 2.7 of this SWPPP. The following non-stormwater control BMP selection table indicates the BMPs that shall be implemented to control sediment on the construction site. Fact Sheets for temporary non- stormwater control BMPs are provided in Appendix H. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 20 April 2019 e --------.. • .. • -- -.. • -.. -.. - - ----.. ----.. .. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I Table 3.4 Temporary Non-Stormwater BMPs CASQA Fact BMPName Sheet NS-I Water Conservation Practices NS-2 Dewatering Operation NS-3 Paving and Grinding Operation NS-4 Temporary Stream Crossing NS-5 Clear Water Diversion NS-6 Illicit Connection-Illegal Discharge Connection NS-7 Potable Water Irrigation Discharge Detection NS-8 Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning NS-9 Vehicle and Equipment Fueling NS-10 Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance NS-11 Pile Driving Operation NS-12 Concrete Curing NS-13 Concrete Finishing NS-14 Material and Equipment Use Over Water NS-15 Demolition Removal Adjacent to Water NS-16 Temporary Batch Plants Alternate BMPs Used: I I I I I I I I Cl)\Cammercial OeW!lopmet,t Resources Meets a BMPused Minimum Requirement<•> YES NO ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓ I l I I I l If not used, state reason No stream No exposed water No temporary irrigation No exposed water No exposed water No exposed water If used, state reason: <n Applicability to a specific project shall be determined by the QSD SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 21 - I I • j I t I a April 2019 C--....Commercial W<=nt Non-stormwater BMPs shall be implemented in conformance with the following guidelines and in accordance with the BMP Fact Sheets provided in Appendix H. If there is a conflict between documents, the Site Map will prevail over narrative in the body of the SWPPP or guidance in the BMP Fact Sheets. Site specific details in the Site Map prevail over standard details included in the Site Map. The narrative in the body of the SWPPP prevails over guidance in the BMP Fact Sheets. Water Conservation Practices Water conversation will be implemented at all times during project per BMP Detail NS-I. Paving and Grinding Operation Paving and Grinding Operation -will be performed on the construction site and all protocols will be followed per BMP Detail NS-3. Illicit Connection-Illegal Discharge Connection Contractor will follow the guidelines under BMP Detail NS-6 for duration of the project. Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning Vehicle and equipment fueling will be performed in a dedicated fueling area onsite. The designated fueling area shall be located on level -grade at a minimum of 50 feet away from downstream drainage facilities and watercourses. In addition, the designated fueling area shall be protected with berms and/or dikes to prevent run-on and runoff, and to contain spills. Absorbent spill clean-up materials and spill kits shall be made available at the dedicated fueling area. Fuel tanks will not be "topped off'. Use of drip pans, absorbent pads, or similar impermeable surfaces shall be used to prevent oil, grease, and fuel from leaking to the ground, storm drains or surface waters. Vehicles and equipment shall be inspected daily for leaks. Fluid and oil leaks will be repaired immediately. Leaked material shall not be hosed down and shall be disposed of properly per BMP Detail NS-8. Concrete Curing Concrete Curing -If curing compounds are used, overspray will be avoided, i.e., the applied amount will not result in compound runoff. Downstream drain inlets shall be protected prior to application of curing compound. The drift of the curing compound will be minimized by applying the compound close to the concrete surface. Cure water will be directed away from inlets and watercourses to collection areas for proper removal per BMP NS-12. Concrete Finishing Concrete Finishing -Downstream drain inlets shall be protected prior to concrete finishing operations per BMP NS-13. 3.3.2 Materials Management and Waste Management Materials management control practices consist of implementing procedural and structural BMPs for handling, storing and using construction materials to prevent the release of those materials into stormwater discharges. The amount and type of construction materials to be utilized at the Site will depend upon the type of construction and the length of the construction period. The materials may be used continuously, such as fuel for vehicles and equipment, or the materials may be used for a discrete period, such as soil binders for temporary stabilization. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 22 April 2019 • --- ---.. -.. ------ ----- --- ---- --.. .. --------- -------------- -- ---------- ,.--._=nt IIIV<Resources Waste management consist of implementing procedural and structural BMPs for handling, storing and ensuring proper disposal of wastes to prevent the release of those wastes into stormwater discharges. Materials and waste management pollution control BMPs shall be implemented to minimize stormwater contact with construction materials, wastes and service areas; and to prevent materials and wastes from being discharged off-site. The primary mechanisms for stormwater contact that shall be addressed include: • Direct contact with precipitation • Contact with stormwater run-on and runoff • Wind dispersion of loose materials • Direct discharge to the storm drain system through spills or dumping • Extended contact with some materials and wastes, such as asphalt cold mix and treated wood products, which can leach pollutants into stormwater. A list of construction activities is provided in Section 2.6. The following Materials and Waste Management BMP selection table indicates the BMPs that shall be implemented to handle materials and control construction site wastes associated with these construction activities. Fact Sheets for Materials and Waste Management BMPs are provided in Appendix H. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 23 April 2019 0 C~=· Table 3.5 Temporary Materials Management BMPs CASQAFact Meets a BMPused BMPName Minimum If not used, state reason Sheet Requirement<1> YES NO WM-01 Material Delivery and Storage ✓ ✓ WM-02 Material Use ✓ ✓ WM-03 Stockpile Management ✓ ✓ WM-04 Spill Prevention and Control ✓ ✓ WM-05 Solid Waste Management ✓ ✓ WM-06 Hazardous Waste Management ✓ ✓ WM-07 Contaminated Soil ✓ No contaminated soil WM-08 Concrete Waste Management ✓ ✓ WM-09 Sanitary-Septic Waste Management ✓ ✓ WM-10 Liquid Waste Management ✓ No liquid waste expected Alternate BMPs Used: If used, state reason: <1> Applicability to a specific project shall be determined by the QSD. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 24 April 2019 • ' ' . ' ' I ' ' I I f I I I ' ' t I t I I I t I I I I I I I I I I I ' ' I I ------- ----------------.. --- ----- - - C--....Cammerdal lr<=nt Material management BMPs shall be implemented in conformance with the following guidelines and in accordance with the BMP Fact Sheets provided in Appendix H. If there is a conflict between documents, the Site Map will prevail over narrative in the body of the SWPPP or guidance in the BMP Fact Sheets. Site specific details in the Site Map prevail over standard details included in the Site Map. The narrative in the body of the SWPPP prevails over guidance in the BMP Fact Sheets. Material Delivery and Storage Material Delivery and Storage -The Project Manager will designate a staging area at the project site to be used as needed. Prolonged storage of construction materials will be prohibited. Chemicals will be stored in watertight containers with appropriate secondary containment or in an enclosed storage shed to prevent spillage or leakage. Spills and leaks shall be contained and cleaned using appropriate methods immediately upon discovery. Construction materials shall be stored and contained in a manner that minimizes exposure to precipitation, run-on, and runoff. This excludes materials and equipment designated for outdoor exposure to environmental conditions (i.e., poles, equipment pads, cabinets, conductors, insulators, bricks, etc.) When not in use, backfill materials will be stockpiled in accordance with BMP WM-3 "Stockpile Management". The contractor shall keep an accurate and updated inventory of materials delivered to and stored within the project site per Detail WM-01. Material Use Material use -When practical and approved by the Project Engineer, recycled and less hazardous product alternatives may be used. Use of construction materials shall be limited to the active construction area and when required to complete construction activity. In addition, construction materials not in use shall be covered and elevated above grade, if possible, to prevent pollutant discharge. An ample amount of spill clean-up material shall be kept onsite to ensure immediate containment and cleanup of spilled materials per Detail WM-02. Stockpile Management Stockpile Management -All stockpiles shall be bermed and located at a minimum of 50 feet away from concentrated flows of stormwater, drainage courses, and inlets. Inactive stockpiles shall be covered at all times to ensure wind and precipitation protection. Destabilized stockpiles will be sprayed with water as needed for dust control. Repair and replace stockpile covers and perimeter controls as needed per Detail WM-03. Spill Prevention and Control Spill Prevention and Control -The contractor will assign and train appropriate spill response personnel. Oil, grease, and fuel shall be managed in a manner that will prevent leakage into the ground, storm drains or surface waters. All spills and leaks shall be contained, cleaned, and properly disposed of. The property Manager and the Engineering Project Manager shall immediately be notified of any spills and leaks. Proper clean-up materials will be located near storage, unloading and use areas per Detail WM-04. Solid Waste Management Solid Waste management-Solid wastes will be loaded directly into trucks and/or waste disposal containers for offsite disposal. Waste disposal containers shall be stored in a manner that prevents discharge into stormwater drainage systems or receiving waters. Spills shall be SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 25 April 2019 @ fl~=. IIIIIWC:R•SC11Kc•s contained and cleaned immediately upon discovery. Construction debris and litter shall not be placed near drain or drainage systems. The construction debris and litter shall be removed weekly and by project completion per Detail WM-05. Concrete Waste Management Concrete Waste Management -All PCC material shall be covered and located away from drainage systems when not actively used. If onsite washing of concrete trucks or equipment are required, an above grade or mobile concrete washout shall be constructed or placed at the staging area. The washout shall be located a minimum of 50 feet from concentrated flows of stormwater, drainage courses, and inlets with proper perimeter controls to prevent discharge into underlying soils and surrounding areas. Additional washouts will be utilized as needed. All PCC wastes, including temporary concrete washouts, shall be collected and contained by sweeping, shoveling, and/or other mechanical means in accordance with federal, state, or local regulations per Detail WM-08. Sanitary-Septic Waste Management Sanitary/Septic Waste management-Delivery and regular maintenance of onsite portable restrooms shall be conducted by a licensed service. Restrooms shall be located on level, hard packed, or paved surfaces away from traffic and drainage facilities. Perimeter controls will be utilized to contain and prevent pollutant discharge into drainage systems or receiving waters. In addition, the restrooms shall be firmly secured in the event of high winds. Portable restrooms shall be regularly inspected for cleanliness, leaks, and spills. Leaks and/or spills shall be contained and cleaned immediately upon discovery in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations per Detail WM-09. 3.4 POST CONSTRUCTION STORMWATER MANAGEMENT MEASURES Post construction BMPs are permanent measures installed during construction,designed to reduce or eliminate pollutant discharges from the site afterconstruction is completed. This site is located in an area subject to a Phase I or Phase II Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4) permit approved Stormwater Management Plan. [gl Yes D No Post construction runoff reduction requirements have been satisfied through the MS4 program, this project is exempt from provision XIII A of the General Permit. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 26 April 2019 • ---- - - --- - --.. • .. - - - ---- - - - -----------------------.. --.. - --- -- - C.Commerclal Dellaloprnent Resources Section 4 BMP Inspection, Maintenance, and Rain Event Action Plans 4.1 BMP INSPECTION AND MAINTENANCE The General Permit requires routine weekly inspections of BMPs, along with inspections before, during, and after qualifying rain events. A BMP inspection checklist must be filled out for inspections and maintained on-site with the SWPPP. The inspection checklist includes the necessary information covered in Section 7 .6. A blank inspection checklist can be found in Appendix I. Completed checklists shall be kept in CSMP Attachment 2 "Monitoring Records. BMPs shall be maintained regularly to ensure proper and effective functionality. If necessary, corrective actions shall be implemented within 72 hours of identified deficiencies and associated amendments to the SWPPP shall be prepared by the QSD. Specific details for maintenance, inspection, and repair of Construction Site BMPs can be found in the BMP Factsheets in Appendix H. 4.2 RAIN EVENT ACTION PLANS The Rain Event Action Plans (REAP) is written document designed to be used as a planning tool by the QSP to protect exposed portions of project sites and to ensure that the discharger has adequate materials, staff, and time to implement erosion and sediment control measures. These measures are intended to reduce the amount of sediment and other pollutants that could be generated during the rain event. It is the responsibility of the QSP to be aware of precipitation forecast and to obtain and print copies of forecasted precipitation from NOAA's National Weather Service Forecast Office. The SWPPP includes REAP templates but the QSP will need to customize them for each rain event. Site-specific REAP templates for each applicable project phase can be found in Appendix J. The QSP shall maintain a paper copy of completed REAPs in compliance with the record retention requirements Section 1.5ofthis SWPPP. Completed REAPs shall be maintained in Appendix J. The QSP will develop an event specific REAP 48 hours in advance of a precipitation event forecast to have a 50% or greater chance of producing precipitation in the project area. The REAP will be onsite and be implemented 24 hours in advance of any the predicted precipitation event . At minimum, the REAP will include the following site and phase-specific information: 1. Site Address; 2. Calculated Risk Level (2 or 3); 3. Site Stormwater Manager Information including the name, company and 24-hour emergency telephone number; 4. Erosion and Sediment Control Provider information including the name, company and 24-hour emergency telephone number; SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 27 April 2019 • CD\Commardal 0-lopnent Resources 5. Stormwater Sampling Agent information including the name, company, and 24-hour emergency telephone number; 6. Activities associated with each construction phase; 7. Trades active on the construction site during each construction phase; 8. Trade contractor information; and 9. Recommended actions for each project phase. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 28 April 20/9 • ---- • -.. --.. • • • ---- --.. - ----.. -.. -- -------------------------- --------- Section 5 C~Commercial Development Resources Training Appendix L identifies the QSPs for the project. To promote stormwater management awareness specific for this project, periodic training of job-site personnel shall be included as part of routine project meetings (e.g. daily/weekly tailgate safety meetings), or task specific trainings as needed. The QSP shall be responsible for providing this information at the meetings, and subsequently completing the training logs shown in Appendix K, which identifies the site-specific stormwater topics covered as well as the names of site personnel who attended the meeting. Tasks may be delegated to trained employees by the QSP provided adequate supervision and oversight is provided. Training shall correspond to the specific task delegated including: SWPPP implementation; BMP inspection and maintenance; and record keeping. Documentation of training activities (formal and informal) is retained in SWPPP Appendix K. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 29 April 2019 Section 6 Responsible Parties and Operators 6.1 RESPONSIBLE PARTIES Approved Signatory who is responsible for SWPPP implementation and have authority to sign permit-related documents is listed below. Written authorizations from the LRP for these individuals are provided in Appendix L. The Approved Signatory assigned to this project is: Name Title Phone Number Axay Patel LRP / Authorized Signatory QSPs identified for the project are identified in Appendix L. The QSP shall have primary responsibility and significant authority for the implementation, maintenance and inspection/monitoring of SWPPP requirements. The QSP will be available at all times throughout the duration of the project. Duties of the QSP include but are not limited to: • Implementing all elements of the General Permit and SWPPP, including but not limited to: o Ensuring all BMPs are implemented, inspected, and properly maintained; o Performing non-stormwater and stormwater visual observations and inspections; o Performing non-stormwater and storm sampling and analysis, as required; o Performing routine inspections and observations; o Implementing non-stormwater management, and materials and waste management activities such as: monitoring discharges; general Site clean-up; vehicle and equipment cleaning, fueling and maintenance; spill control; ensuring that no materials other than stormwater are discharged in quantities which will have an adverse effect on receiving waters or storm drain systems; etc.; • The QSP may delegate these inspections and activities to an appropriately trained employee, but shall ensure adequacy and adequate deployment. • Ensuring elimination of unauthorized discharges. • The QSPs shall be assigned authority by the LRP to mobilize crews in order to make immediate repairs to the control measures. • Coordinate with the Contractor(s) to assure all of the necessary corrections/repairs are made immediately and that the project complies with the SWPPP, the General Permit and approved plans at all times. • Notifying the LRP or Authorized Signatory immediately of off-site discharges or other non-compliance events. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 30 April 2019 • --- • --• - -- ---- - - -- --- .. -- ------------------ --.. - --------- C--...Convnercial lr<=nt 6.2 CONTRACTOR LIST Contractor Name: Title: Company: Address: Phone Number: Number (24/7): SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad TBD 31 G April 2019 c:D\Commercial O..elopment Resources Section 7 Construction Site Monitoring Program 7.1 Purpose This Construction Site Monitoring Program was developed to address the following objectives: 7.2 1. To demonstrate that the site is in compliance with the Discharge Prohibitions and Numeric Action Levels (NALs) of the Construction General Permit; 2. To determine whether non-visible pollutants are present at the construction site and are causing or contributing to exceedances of water quality objectives; 3. To determine whether immediate corrective actions, additional Best Management Practices (BMP) implementation, or SWPPP revisions are necessary to reduce pollutants in stormwater discharges and authorized non-stormwater discharges; 4. To determine whether BMPs included in the SWPPP and REAP are effective in preventing or reducing pollutants in stormwater discharges and authorized non- stormwater discharges. Applicability of Permit Requirements This project has been determined to be a Risk Level 2 project. The General Permit identifies the following types of monitoring as being applicable for a Risk Level 2 project. Risk Level 2 • Visual inspections of Best Management Practices (BMPs); • Visual monitoring of the site related to qualifying storm events; • Visual monitoring of the site for non-stormwater discharges; • Sampling and analysis of construction site runoff for pH and turbidity; • Sampling and analysis of construction site runoff for non-visible pollutants when applicable; and • Sampling and analysis of non-stormwater discharges when applicable. 7.3. Weather and Rain Event Tracking Visual monitoring, inspections, and sampling requirements of the General Permit are triggered by a qualifying rain event. The General Permit defines a qualifying rain event as any event that produces ½ inch of precipitation. A minimum of 48 hours of dry weather will be used to distinguish between separate qualifying storm events. 7.3.1 Weather Tracking The QSP should daily consult the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) for the weather forecasts. These forecasts can be obtained at http://www.srh.noaa.gov/. Weather reports should be printed and maintained with the SWPPP in CSMP Attachment 1 "Weather Reports". SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 32 April 2019 ----- --.. -- ---- - ------ -- ---- 7.3.2 Rain Gauges C~Commerclal Development Resources The QSP shall install l gauge on the project site. Locate the gauge in an open area away from obstructions such as trees or overhangs. Mount the gauge on a post at a height of 3 to 5 feet with the gauge extending several inches beyond the post. Make sure that the top of the gauge is level. Make sure the post is not in an area where rainwater can indirectly splash from sheds, equipment, trailers, etc. The rain gauge shall be read daily during normal site scheduled hours. The rain gauge should be read at approximately the same time every day and the date and time of each reading recorded. Log rain gauge readings in CSMP Attachment l "Weather Records". Follow the rain gauge instructions to obtain accurate measurements. Once the rain gauge reading has been recorded, accumulated rain shall be emptied and the gauge reset. For comparison with the site rain gauge, the nearest appropriate governmental rain gauge(s) is located at: 7.4 Location information: Name: Oceanside. California, USA' Statton name: OCEANSIDE PUMPING FLT Site ID: 04--6379 Latitude: 33.2103• Longitude: -117.3536° Elevation: 30 ft Monitoring Locations Monitoring locations are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B. Monitoring locations are described in the Sections 7.6 and 7.7. Whenever changes in the construction site might affect the appropriateness of sampling locations, the sampling locations shall be revised accordingly. All such revisions shall be implemented as soon as feasible and the SWPPP amended. Temporary changes that result in a one-time additional sampling location do not require a SWPPP amendment. 7.5 Safety and Monitoring Exemptions Safety practices for sample collection will be in accordance with the latest version of the Contractor's health and Safety manual. A summary of the safety requirements that apply to sampling personnel is provided below. • Rain Gear • Boots • Hard Hat • Sample Equipment This project is not required to collect samples or conduct visual observations (inspections) under the following conditions: SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 33 April 2019 • Cl>\Commercial Development Resources • During dangerous weather conditions such as flooding and electrical storms. • Outside of scheduled site business hours. Scheduled site business hours are: 07:00 to 15:30. If monitoring (visual monitoring or sample collection) of the site is unsafe because of the dangerous conditions noted above then the QSP shall document the conditions for why an exception to performing the monitoring was necessary. The exemption documentation shall be filed in CSMP Attachment 2 "Monitoring Records". 7.6 Visual Monitoring Visual monitoring includes observations and inspections. Inspections of BMPs are required to identify and record BMPs that need maintenance to operate effectively, that have failed, or that could fail to operate as intended. Visual observations of the site are required to observe storm water drainage areas to identify any spills, leaks, or uncontrolled pollutant sources. Table 7 .1 identifies the required frequency of visual observations and inspections. Inspections and observations will be conducted at the locations identified in Section 7.6.3. Table 7.1 Summary of Visual Monitoring and Inspections Type of Inspection Frequency Routine Inspections BMP Inspections Weekly1 BMP Inspections -Tracking Control Daily Non-Stormwater Discharge Observations Quarterly during daylight hours Rain Event Triggered Inspections Site Inspections Prior to a Qualifying Event Within 48 hours of a qualifying event2 BMP Inspections During an Extended Storm Every 24-hour period of a rainevent2 Event Site Inspections Following a Qualifying Event Within 48 hours of a qualifying event2 1 Most BMPs must be inspected weekly; those identified below must be inspected more frequently. 2 Inspections are only required during scheduled site operating hours. Note however, these inspections are required daily regardless of the amount of precipitation. 7.6.1 Routine Observations and Inspections Routine site inspections and visual monitoring are necessary to ensure that the project is in compliance with the requirements of the Construction General Permit. 7.6.1.1 Routine BMP Inspections Inspections of BMPs are conducted to identify and record: SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 34 April 2019 c:D\Commercial Development Resources • BMPs that are properly installed; • BMPs that need maintenance to operate effectively; • BMPs that have failed; or • BMPs that could fail to operate as intended. 7.6.1.2 Non-Stormwater Discharge Observations Each drainage area will be inspected for the presence of or indications of prior unauthorized and authorized non-stormwater discharges. Inspections will record: • Presence or evidence of any non-stormwater discharge (authorized or unauthorized); • Pollutant characteristics (floating and suspended material, sheen, discoloration, turbidity, odor, etc.); and • Source of discharge. 7.6.2 Rain-Event Triggered Observations and Inspections Visual observations of the site and inspections of BMPs are required prior to a qualifying rain event; following a qualifying rain event, and every 24-hour period during a qualifying rain event. Pre-rain inspections will be conducted after consulting NOAA and determining that a precipitation event with a 50%or greater probability of precipitation has been predicted. 7.6.2.1 Visual Observations Prior to a Forecasted Qualifying Rain Event Within 48-hours prior to a qualifying event a storrnwater visual monitoring site inspection will include observations of the following locations: • Stormwater drainage areas to identify any spills, leaks, or uncontrolled pollutant sources; • BMPs to identify if they have been properly implemented; • Any stormwater storage and containment areas to detect leaks and ensure maintenance of adequate freeboard. Consistent with guidance from the State Water Resources Control Board, pre-rain BMP inspections and visual monitoring will be triggered by a NOAA forecast that indicates a probability of precipitation of 50% or more in the project area. 7.6.2.2 BMP Inspections During an Extended Storm Event During an extended rain event, BMP inspections will be conducted to identify and record: • BMPs that are properly installed; • BMPs that need maintenance to operate effectively; • BMPs that have failed; or • BMPs that could fail to operate as intended. If the construction site is not accessible during the rain event, the visual inspections shall be performed at all relevant outfalls, discharge points, downstream locations. The inspections should record any projected maintenance activities. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 35 April 2019 7.6.2.3 c:l)\Commerciill Development Resources Visual Observations Following a Qualifying Rain Event Within 48 hours following a qualifying rain event (0.5 inches of rain) a stormwater visual monitoring site inspection is required to observe: • Stormwater drainage areas to identify any spills, leaks, or uncontrolled pollutant sources; • BMPs to identify if they have been properly designed, implemented, and effective; • Need for additional BMPs; • Any stormwater storage and containment areas to detect leaks and ensure maintenance of adequate freeboard; and • Discharge of stored or contained rain water. 7.6.3 Visual Monitoring Procedures Visual monitoring shall be conducted by the QSP or staff trained by and under the supervision of the QSP. The name(s) and contact number(s) of the site visual monitoring personnel are listed below and their training qualifications are provided in Appendix K. Assigned inspector: David Keith Contact phone: 951-907-8741 Alternative inspector: Jeff Woolston Contact phone: 909-262-7265 Stormwater observations shall be documented on the Visual Inspection Field Log Sheet (see CSMP Attachment 3 "Example Forms"). BMP inspections shall be documented on the site- specific BMP inspection checklist. Any photographs used to document observations will be referenced on stormwater site inspection report and maintained with the Monitoring Records in Attachment 2. The QSP shall within 2 days of the inspection submit copies of the completed inspection report to office. The completed reports will be kept in CSMP Attachment 2 "Monitoring Records". 7.6.4 Visual Monitoring Follow-Up and Reporting Correction of deficiencies identified by the observations or inspections, including required repairs or maintenance of BMPs, shall be initiated and completed as soon as possible. If identified deficiencies require design changes, including additional BMPs, the implementation of changes will be initiated within 72 hours of identification and be completed as soon as possible. When design changes to BMPs are required, the SWPPP shall be amended to reflect the changes. Deficiencies identified in site inspection reports and correction of deficiencies will be tracked on the Inspection Field Log Sheet or BMP Inspection Report and shall be submitted to the QSP and shall be kept in CSMP Attachment 2 "Monitoring Records". The QSP shall within 2 days of the inspection submit copies of the completed Inspection Field Log Sheet or BMP Inspection Report with the corrective actions to office. Results of visual monitoring must be summarized and reported in the Annual Report. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 36 April 2019 £~Commercial Development Resources 7.6.5 Visual Monitoring Locations The inspections and observations identified in Sections 7 .6.1 and 7 .6.2 will be conducted at the locations identified in this section. BMP locations are shown on the Site Maps in SWPPP Appendix A. There are 3 drainage areas on the project site and the contractor's yard, staging areas, and storage areas. Drainage area are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix Band Table 7.2 identifies each drainage area by location. Table 7.2 Site Drainage Areas Location No. Location 1 NW side of site on Canon 2 Inlet NE side of site on Car Country Drive 3 SW side of site on Auto Center Court There are stormwater storage or containment areas are on the project site. Stormwater storage or containment area(s) are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix Band Table 7.3 identifies each stormwater storage or containment area by location. Table 7.3 Location No. Stormwater Storage and Containment Areas I None Location There are 3 discharge locations on the project site. Site stormwater discharge location(s) are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix Band Table 7.4 identifies each stormwater discharge location. Table 7.4 Site Stormwater Discharge Locations Location Location No. 1 NW side of site on Canon 2 Inlet NE side of site on Car Country Drive 3 SW side of site on Auto Center Court SW PPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 37 April 2019 Cl>\Commercial Development Resources 7.7 Water Quality Sampling and Analysis 7.7.1 Sampling and Analysis Plan for Non-Visible Pollutants in Stormwater Runoff Discharges This Sampling and Analysis Plan for Non-Visible Pollutants describes the sampling and analysis strategy and schedule for monitoring non-visible pollutants in stormwater runoff discharges from the project site. Sampling for non-visible pollutants will be conducted when ( 1) a breach, leakage, malfunction, or spill is observed; and (2) the leak or spill has not been cleaned up prior to the rain event; and (3) there is the potential for discharge of non-visible pollutants to surface waters or drainage system. The following construction materials, wastes, or activities, as identified in Section 2.6, are potential sources of non-visible pollutants to storm water discharges from the project. Storage, use, and operational locations are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B. • Concrete Operations • Vehicle Fluids • Sanitary Wastes The following existing site features, as identified in Section 2.6, are potential sources of non- visible pollutants to stormwater discharges from the project. Locations of existing site features contaminated with non-visible pollutants are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B. • None The following soil amendments have the potential to change the chemical properties, engineering properties, or erosion resistance of the soil and will be used on the project site. Locations of soil amendment application are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B. • None The project has the potential to receive stormwater run-on from the following locations with the potential to contribute non-visible pollutants to stormwater discharges from the project. Locations of such run-on to the project site are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B. • None 7.7.1.1 Sampling Schedule Samples for the potential non-visible pollutant(s) and a sufficiently large unaffected background sample shall be collected during the first two hours of discharge from rain events that result in a sufficient discharge for sample collection. Samples shall be collected during the site's scheduled hours and shall be collected regardless of the time of year and phase of the construction. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 38 April 2019 Cl)\Commercial Development Resources Collection of discharge samples for non-visible pollutant monitoring will be triggered when any of the following conditions are observed during site inspections conducted prior to or during a rain event. • Materials or wastes containing potential non-visible pollutants are not stored under watertight conditions. Watertight conditions are defined as (1) storage in a watertight container, (2) storage under a watertight roof or within a building, or (3) protected by temporary cover and containment that prevents stormwater contact and runoff from the storage area. • Materials or wastes containing potential non-visible pollutants are stored under watertight conditions, but ( 1) a breach, malfunction, leakage, or spill is observed, (2) the leak or spill is not cleaned up prior to the rain event, and (3) there is the potential for discharge of non-visible pollutants to surface waters or a storm drain system. • A construction activity, including but not limited to those in Section 2.6, with the potential to contribute non-visible pollutants (1) was occurring during or within 24 hours prior to the rain event, (2) BMPs were observed to be breached, malfunctioning, or improperly implemented, and (3) there is the potential for discharge of non-visible pollutants to surface waters or a storm drain system. • Soil amendments that have the potential to change the chemical properties, engineering properties, or erosion resistance of the soil have been applied, and there is the potential for discharge of non-visible pollutants to surface waters or a storm drain system. • Stormwater runoff from an area contaminated by historical usage of the site has been observed to combine with stormwater runoff from the site, and there is the potential for discharge of non-visible pollutants to surface waters or a storm drain system. 7.7. 1.2 Sampling Locations Sampling locations are based on proximity to planned non-visible pollutant storage, occurrence or use; accessibility for sampling, and personnel safety. Planned non-visible pollutant sampling locations are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B and include the locations identified in Table 7.5 through 7.10. 1 sampling locations on the project site and the contractor's yard have been identified for the collection of samples of runoff from planned material and waste storage areas and areas where non-visible pollutant producing construction activities are planned. Table 7.6 Non-Visible Pollutant Sample Locations -Contractors' Yard Sample Location Sample Location Latitude and Number Sample Location Description Longitude (Decimal Degrees) A SE Side of Site, Car Country & Auto Center Ct. 33.134021 ° /-117.323731 ° No sampling locations have been identified for the collection of samples of runoff from drainage areas where soil amendments will be applied that have the potential to affect water quality. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 39 April 2019 c:l)\Commerciill Development Resources Table 7.7 Non-Visible Pollutant Sample Locations -Soil Amendment Areas Sample Location Sample Location Latitude and Number Sample Location Longitude (Decimal Degrees) None No sampling locations have been identified for the collection of samples of runoff from drainage areas contaminated by historical usage of the site. Table 7.8 Non-Visible Pollutant Sample Locations -Areas of Historical Contamination Sample Location Sample Location Latitude and Sample Location Longitude Number (Decimal Degrees) None 1 sampling location(s) has been identified for the collection of an uncontaminated sample of runoff as a background sample for comparison with the samples being analyzed for non-visible pollutants. This location(s) was selected such that the sample will not have come in contact with the operations, activities, or areas identified in Section 7. 7. I or with disturbed soils areas. Table 7.9 Non-Visible Pollutant Sample Locations -Background (Unaffected Sample) Sample Location Sample Location Latitude and Number Sample Location Longitude (Decimal Degrees) A SE Side of Site, Car Country & Auto Center Ct. 33.134021 ° I -117.323 731 ° No (0) sampling locations have been identified for the collection of samples of run-on to the project site. Run-on from these locations has the potential to combine with discharges from the site being sampled for non-visible pollutants. These samples are intended to identify potential sources of non-visible pollutants that originate off the project site. Table 7.10 Non-Visible Pollutant Sample Locations -Site Run-On Sample Location Sample Location Latitude and Number Sample Location Longitude (Decimal Degrees) None If a stormwater visual monitoring site inspection conducted prior to or during a storm event identifies the presence of a material storage, waste storage, or operations area with spills or the SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 40 April 2019 Cl)\Commercial Development Resources potential for the discharge of non-visible pollutants to surface waters or a storm drain system that is at a location not listed above and has not been identified on the Site Maps, sampling locations will be selected by the QSP using the same rationale as that used to identify planned locations. Non-visible pollutant sampling locations shall be identified by the QSP on the pre-rain event inspection form and/or Rain Event Action Plan prior to a forecasted qualifying rain event. 7.7.1.3 Monitoring Preparation Non-visible pollutant samples will be collected by: Contractor ~ Yes D No Consultant Laboratory D Yes D Yes ~No ~No Samples on the project site will be collected by the following contractor sampling personnel: Assigned inspector: David Keith Alternative inspector: Jeff Woolston Contact phone: 951-907-8741 Contact phone: 909-262-7265 An adequate stock of monitoring supplies and equipment for monitoring non-visible pollutants will be available on the project site prior to a sampling event. Monitoring supplies and equipment will be stored in a cool temperature environment that will not come into contact with rain or direct sunlight. Sampling personnel will be available to collect samples in accordance with the sampling schedule. Supplies maintained at the project site will include, but are not limited to, clean powder-free nitrile gloves, sample collection equipment, coolers, appropriate number and volume of sample bottles, identification labels, re-sealable storage bags, paper towels, personal rain gear, ice, and Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheets and Chain of Custody (CoC) forms, which are provided in CSMP Attachment 3"Example Forms". 7. 7. 1.4 Analytical Constituents Table 7 .11 lists the specific sources and types of potential non-visible pollutants on the project site and the water quality indicator constituent(s) for that pollutant. Table 7.11 Potential Non-Visible Pollutants and Water Quality Indicator Constituents Pollutant Source Pollutant Water Quality Indicator Constituent Vehicle Batteries Lead, Sulfate, Acid Lead, Sulfate, pH Asphalt VOC's VOC's Sealant (Methyl methacrylate) svoc svoc Curing compounds VOC's, SVOC's, Base VOC's, SVOC's, pH Fertilizer Nitrates TKN, NOS, Phosphate, Potassium SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 41 April 2019 7.7.1.5 Sample Collection C~Commercial Development Resources Samples of discharge shall be collected at the designated non-visible pollutant sampling locations shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B or in the locations determined by observed breaches, malfunctions, leakages, spills, operational areas, soil amendment application areas, and historical site usage areas that triggered the sampling event. Grab samples shall be collected and preserved in accordance with the methods identified in the Table, "Sample Collection, Preservation and Analysis for Monitoring Non-Visible Pollutants" provided in Section 7.7.1.6. Only the QSP, or personnel trained in water quality sampling under the direction of the QSP shall collect samples. Sample collection and handling requirements are described in Section 7.7.7. 7.7.1.6 Sample Analysis Samples shall be analyzed using the analytical methods identified in the Table 7 .12. Samples will be analyzed by: ,,, Laboratory Name: Address: City, State Zip: Telephone Number: Point of Contact: ELAP Certification Number: H&P Mobile Geochemistry, Inc. 2470 Impala Drive Carlsbad, CA 92123 858-560-7717 Kearny Mesa 2564 Samples will be delivered to the laboratory by: Driven by Contractor !SJ Yes □ No Picked up by Laboratory Courier □ Yes !SJ No Shipped □ Yes [8J No SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 42 April 2019 C~Commercial Development Resources Table 7.12 Sample Collection, Preservation and Analysis for Monitoring Non-Visible Pollutants Minimum Constituent Analytical Method Sample Sample Containers Sample Preservation Volume Lead Sulfate, Battery Acid EPA 150.1 pH/EPA 500 ml 500 m I+ Plastic Ice / refrigeration 300Sulfate Container Lead from Vehicle Batteries EPA 6010b Lead 500 ml 500 ml + Plastic Nitric Acid Container Solvents, VOC/SVOC EPA 601/602 or EPA624 40ml 3 VOA HCL or EPA 625 SM 231 0B/2320, Curing Compounds, non-EPA150.1, 601,602, 1000 ml 500 ml Plastic Ice I HCL pigmented 624,625 Sealants, COD EPA410.4 500 ml 500 ml Poly H2SO4 Fertilizer, Nitrates PA 300.0 100 ml 500 ml Poly Non-Req Notes: SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 43 e Reporting Maximum Holding Limit Time 10 pH/ 10 12 hrs/ 14 Sulfate days 5 ppb 14 days Several 14 days Several pH 24hrs / 14 Days 10 mg/I 8 Days 0,10 48hrs April 20/9 £~Commercial Development Resources 7.7.1.7 Data Evaluation and Reporting The QSP shall complete an evaluation of the water quality sample analytical results. Runoff/downgradient results shall be compared with the associated upgradient/unaffected results and any associated run-on results. Should the runoff/downgradient sample show an increased level of the tested analyte relative to the unaffected background sample, which cannot be explained by run-on results, the BMPs, site conditions, and surrounding influences shall be assessed to determine the probable cause for the increase. As determined by the site and data evaluation, appropriate BMPs shall be repaired or modified to mitigate discharges of non-visible pollutant concentrations. Any revisions to the BMPs shall be recorded as an amendment to the SWPPP. The General Permit prohibits the storm water discharges that contain hazardous substances equal to or in excess ofreportable quantities established in40 C.F.R. §§ 117.3 and 302.4. The results of any non-stormwater discharge results that indicate the presence of a hazardous substance in excess of established reportable quantities shall be immediately reported to the Regional Water Board and other agencies as required by 40 C.F.R. §§ 117.3 and 302.4. Results of non-visible pollutant monitoring shall be reported in the Annual Report. 7. 7.2 Sampling and Analysis Plan for pH and Turbidity in Stormwater Runoff Discharges Sampling and analysis of runoff for pH and turbidity is required for this project. This Sampling and Analysis Plan describes the strategy for monitoring turbidity and pH levels of stormwater runoff discharges from the project site and run-on that may contribute to an exceedance of a Numeric Action Level (NAL). Samples for turbidity will be collected from all drainage areas with disturbed soil areas and samples for pH will be collected from all drainage areas with a high risk of pH discharge. 7.7.2.1 Sampling Schedule Stormwater runoff samples shall be collected for turbidity from all qualifying rain events that result in a discharge from the project site. At minimum, turbidity samples will be collected from each site discharge location draining a disturbed area. A minimum of three samples will be collected per day of discharge during a qualifying event. Samples should be representative of the total discharge from the project each day of discharge during the qualifying event. Typically the representative samples will be spaced in time throughout the daily discharge event. Stormwater runoff samples shall be collected for pH from all qualifying rain events that result in a discharge from the project site. At minimum, pH samples will be collected from each site discharge location during project phases and drainage areas with a high risk of pH discharge. A minimum of three samples will be collected per day of discharge during a qualifying event. Samples should be representative of the total discharge from the location each day of discharge during the qualifying event. Typically, the representative samples will be spaced in time throughout the daily discharge event. Stored or collected water from a qualifying storm event when discharged shall be tested for turbidity and pH (when applicable). Stored or collected water from a qualifying event may be SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad April 2019 Cl>\Commercial Development Resources sampled at the point it is released from the storage or containment area or at the site discharge location. Run-on samples shall be collected whenever the QSP identifies that run-on has the potential to contribute to an exceedance of a NAL. 7.7.2.2 Sampling Locations Sampling locations are based on the site runoff discharge locations and locations where run-on enters the site; accessibility for sampling; and personnel safety. Planned pH and turbidity sampling locations are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B and include the locations identified in Table 7.13 and Table 7-14. sampling location on the project site and the contractor's yard have been identified for the collection of runoff samples. Table 7.13 also provides an estimate of the site's area that drains to each location. Table 7.13 Turbidity and pH Runoff Sample Locations Sample Location Sample Location Estimate of Site Number Drainage (%) 1 NW side of site on Canon 20 2 Inlet NE side of site on Car Country Drive 20 3 SW side of site on Auto Center Court 20 No sampling locations have been identified for the collection of run-on samples where the run-on has the potential to contribute to an exceedance of a NAL. Table 7.14 Turbidity and pH Run-On Sample Locations Sample Location Sample Location Latitude and Sample Location Longitude Number (Decimal Degrees) None The project does not receive run-on with the potential to exceed NALs or NELs. 7.7.2.3 Monitoring Preparation Turbidity and pH samples will be collected and analyzed by: Contractor [Z] Yes D No Consultant Laboratory D Yes D Yes SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad [Z] No [Z] No 45 April 2019 CD\Commerci;il Development Resources Samples on the project site will be collected by the following contractor sampling personnel: Assigned inspector: David Keith Contact phone: 951-907-8741 Alternative inspector: Jeff Woolston Contact phone: 909-262-7265 An adequate stock of monitoring supplies and equipment for monitoring turbidity and will be available on the project site prior to a sampling event. Monitoring supplies and equipment will be stored in a cool temperature environment that will not come into contact with rain or direct sunlight. Sampling personnel will be available to collect samples in accordance with the sampling schedule. Supplies maintained at the project site will include, but are not limited to, field meters, extra batteries; clean powder-free nitrite gloves, sample collection equipment, appropriate sample containers, paper towels, personal rain gear, and Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheets and CoC forms provided in CSMP Attachment 3"Example Forms". The contractor will obtain and maintain the field testing instruments, as identified in Section 7.7.2.6, for analyzing samples in the field by contractor sampling personnel. 7.7.2.4 Field Parameters Samples shall be analyzed for the constituents indicated in the table below "Sample Collection, and Analysis for Monitoring Turbidity and pH." Table 7.15 Sample Collection and Analysis for Monitoring Turbidity and pH Minimum Sample Collection Detection Parameter Test Method Sample Limit Volume<1> Container Type (minimum) Field meter/probe with Polypropylene or Glass Turbidity calibrated portable instrument 500mL (Do not collect in meter l NTU sample cells) Field meter/probe with pH calibrated portable instrument l00mL Polypropylene 0.2 pH units or calibrated pH test kit Notes: 1 Minimum sample volume recommended. Specific volume requirements will vary by instrument; check instrument manufacturer instructions. L -Liter mL -Milliliter NTU -Nephelometric Turbidity Unit 7.7.2.5 Sample Collection Samples of discharge shall be collected at the designated runoff and run-on sampling locations shown on the Site Maps in Appendix B. Run-on samples shall be collected within close proximity of the point of run-on to the project. Only personnel trained in water quality sampling and field measurements working under the direction of the QSP shall collect samples. Sample collection and handling requirements are described in Section 7.7.7. S WPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 46 April 2019 • 7.7.2.6 CD\Commerci;il Development Resources Field Measurements Samples collected for field analysis, collection, analysis and equipment calibration shall be in accordance with the field instrument manufacturer's specifications. Immediately following collection, samples for field analysis shall be tested in accordance with the field instrument manufacturer's instructions and results recorded on the Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheet. The field instrument(s) listed in Table 7.16 will be used to analyze the following constituents: Table 7.16 Field Instruments Field Instrument Constituent (Manufacturer and Model) Oakton pH LaMotte 20/20 Turbidity The manufacturers' instructions are included in CSMP Attachment 4"Field Meter Instructions". Field sampling staff shall review the instructions prior to each sampling event and follow the instructions in completing measurement of the samples. • The instrument(s) shall be maintained in accordance with manufacturer's instructions. • The instrument(s) shall be calibrated before each sampling and analysis event. • Maintenance and calibration records shall be maintained with the SWPPP. The QSP may authorize alternate equipment provided that the equipment meets the Construction General Permit's requirements and the manufacturers' instructions for calibration and use are added to CSMP Attachment 4 "Field Meter Instructions". 7.7.2.7 Data Evaluation and Reporting Immediately upon completing the measurements for the sampling event, provide the Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheets to the QSP for evaluation. Numeric Action Levels This project is subject to NA Ls for pH and turbidity (Table 7 .1 7). Compliance with the NAL for pH and turbidity is based on a weighted daily average. Upon receiving the field log sheets, the QSP shall immediately calculate the weighted arithmetic average of the pH and turbidity samples to determine if the NALs, shown in the table below, have been exceeded. Table 7.17 Numeric Action Levels Parameter Unit Daily Average pH pH units Lower NAL = 6.5 Upper NAL = 8.5 Turbidity NTU 250NTU SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 47 April 2019 C~Commercial Development Resources The QSP shall within 2 days of the sample collection submit copies of the completed Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheets to SMARTS In the event that the pH or turbidity NAL is exceeded, the QSP shall immediately notify SMARTS and investigate the cause of the exceedance and identify corrective actions. Exceedances ofNALs shall be electronically reported to the State Water Board by the QSP/LRP through the SMAR Ts system within 10 days of the conclusion of the storm event. If requested by the Regional Board, a NAL Exceedance report will be submitted. The NAL Exceedance Report must contain the following information: • Analytical method(s), method reporting unit(s), and MDL(s) of each parameter; • Date, place, time of sampling, visual observation, and/or measurements, including precipitation; and • Description of the current BMPs associated with the sample that exceeded the NAL and the proposed corrective actions taken. 7.7.3 Additional Monitoring Following an NEL Exceedance This project is not subject to NELs. 7. 7.4 Sampling and Analysis Plan for Non-Stormwater Discharges This Sampling and Analysis Plan for non-stormwater discharges describes the sampling and analysis strategy and schedule for monitoring pollutants in authorized and unauthorized non-stormwater discharges from the project site in accordance with the requirements of the Construction General Permit. Sampling of non-stormwater discharges will be conducted when an authorized or unauthorized non-stormwater discharge is observed discharging from the project site. In the event that non-stormwater discharges run-on to the project site from offsite locations, and this run-on has the potential to contribute to a violation of a NAL, the run-on will also be sampled. The following authorized non-stormwater discharges identified in Section 2.7 have the potential to be discharged from the project site. • None In addition to the above authorized stormwater discharges, some construction activities have the potential to result in an unplanned (unauthorized) non-stormwater discharge if BMPs fail. These activities include: • None 7.7.4.1 Sampling Schedule Samples of authorized or unauthorized non-stormwater discharges shall be collected when they are observed. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 48 April 2019 7.7.4.2 Sampling Locations C~Commerciill Development Resources Samples shall be collected from the discharge point of the construction site where the non-stormwater discharge is running off the project site. Site discharge locations are shown on the Site Maps in SWPPP Appendix A and include the locations identified below. 1 sampling locations on the project site and the contractor's yard have been identified where non-stormwater discharges may runoff from the project site. Sample Location Sample Location Latitude and Number Sample Location Longitude (Decimal Degrees) 1 NW side of site on Canon 33.135342° / -117.3246 70 ° 2 Inlet NE side of site on Car Country Drive 33.134917° /-117.323145 ° 3 SW side of site on Auto Center Court 33.134421 ° /-117.324985 ° I No sampling locations have been identified for the collection of non-stormwater discharges that run-on to the project site. Sample Location Number Sample Location None 7.7.4.3 Monitoring Preparation Non-stormwater discharge samples will be collected by: Contractor ~ Yes D No Consultant Laboratory D Yes D Yes ~No ~No Sample Location Latitude and Longitude (Decimal Degrees) Samples on the project site will be collected by the following contractor sampling personnel: Assigned inspector: David Keith Contact phone: 951-907-8741 Alternative inspector: Jeff Woolston Contact phone: 909-262-7265 An adequate stock of monitoring supplies and equipment for monitoring non-stormwater discharges will be available on the project site. Monitoring supplies and equipment will be stored in a cool temperature environment that will not come into contact with rain or direct sunlight. Personnel trained in sampling will be available to collect samples in accordance with the sampling schedule. Supplies maintained at the project site will include, but are not limited to, clean powder-free nitrite gloves, sample collection equipment, field meters, coolers, appropriate number and volume of sample bottles, identification labels, re-sealable storage bags, paper towels, personal rain gear, ice, and Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheets and CoC forms provided in CSMP Attachment 3"Example Forms". SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 49 April 2019 C~Commercial Development Resources The contractor will obtain and maintain the field testing instruments, as identified in Section 7.7.2, for analyzing samples in the field by contractor sampling personnel. 7.7.4.4 Analytical Constituents All non-stormwater discharges that flow through a disturbed area shall, at minimum, be monitored for turbidity. All non-stormwater discharges that flow through an area where they are exposed to pH altering materials shall be monitored for pH. The QSP shall identify additional pollutants to be monitored for each non-stormwater discharge incident based on the source of the non-stormwater discharge. If the source of an unauthorized non-stormwater discharge is not known, monitoring for pH, turbidity, MBAS, TOC, and residual chlorine or chloramines is recommended to help identify the source of the discharge. Non-stormwater discharge run-on shall be monitored, at minimum, for pH and turbidity. The QSP shall identify additional pollutants to be monitored for each non-stormwater discharge incident based on the source of the non-stormwater discharge. If the source of an unauthorized non-stormwater discharge is not known, monitoring for pH, turbidity, MBAS, TOC, and residual chlorine or chloramines is recommended to help identify the source of the discharge. Table 7 .21 lists the specific sources and types of potential non-visible pollutants on the project site and the water quality indicator constituent(s) for that pollutant. Table 7.21 Constituents Potential Non-Stormwater Discharge Pollutants and Water Quality Indicator Pollutant Source Pollutant Water Quality Indicator Constituent Disturbed Areas Sediment Turbidity Concrete Work pH pH 7.7.4.5 Sample Collection Samples shall be collected at the discharge locations where the non-stormwater discharge is leaving the project site. Potential discharge locations are shown on the Site Maps in Appendix Band identified in Section 7.7.4.2. Grab samples shall be collected and preserved in accordance with the methods identified in Table 7.22. Only personnel trained in water quality sampling under the direction of the QSP shall collect samples. Sample collection and handling requirements are described in Section 7.7.7. 7.7.4.6 Sample Analysis Samples shall be analyzed using the analytical methods identified in Table 7.22. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 50 April 2019 7.7.4.7 c:~Commercial Development Resources Data Evaluation and Reporting The QSP shall complete an evaluation of the water quality sample analytical results. Turbidity and pH results shall be evaluated for compliance with NALs as identified in Section 7.7.2.7. Runoff results shall also be evaluated for the constituents suspected in the non-stormwater discharge. Should the runoff sample indicate the discharge of a pollutant which cannot be explained by run-on results, the BMPs, site conditions, and surrounding influences shall be assessed to determine the probable cause for the increase. As determined by the site and data evaluation, appropriate BMPs shall be repaired or modified to mitigate discharges of non-visible pollutant concentrations. Any revisions to the BMPs shall be recorded as an amendment to the SWPPP. Non-storm water discharge results shall be submitted with the Annual Report. The General Permit prohibits the non-storm water discharges that contain hazardous substances equal to or in excess of reportable quantities established in40 C.F .R. §§ 117 .3 and 302.4. The results of any non-stormwater discharge results that indicate the presence of a hazardous substance in excess of established reportable quantities shall be immediately reported to the Regional Water Board. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 51 April 2019 1:1)\Commercial Development Resources Table 7.22 Sample Collection, Preservation and Analysis for Monitoring Pollutants in Non-Stormwater Discharges Minimum Reporting Constituent Analytical Method Sample Sample Bottle Sample Preservation Volume Limit Lead Sulfate, Battery Acid EPA 150.1 pH/EPA 500 ml 500 m I+ Plastic Ice I refrigeration 10 pH/ 10 300Sulfate Container Sulfate Lead from Vehicle Batteries EPA 6010b Lead 500 ml 500 ml + Plastic Nitric Acid 5 ppb Container Solvents, VOC/SVOC EPA 601/602 or EPA624 40 ml 3VOA HCL Several or EPA 625 Curing Compounds, non-SM 23108/2320, EPA150.1, 601 ,602, 1000 ml 500 ml Plastic Ice I HCL Several pigmented 624,625 Sealants, COD EPA 410.4 500 ml 500 ml Poly H2SO4 1 O mg/I Fertilizer, Nitrates PA 300.0 100 ml 500 ml Poly Non-Req 0,10 Notes: SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 52 • Maximum Holding Time 12 hrs/ 14 days 14 days 14 days pH 24hrs / 14 Days 8 Days 48hrs April 2019 c:l>\Commercial Development Resources 7. 7.5 Sampling and Analysis Plan for Other Pollutants Required by the Regional Water Board The Regional Water Board has not specified monitoring for additional pollutants. 7.7.6 Training of Sampling Personnel Sampling personnel shall be trained to collect, maintain, and ship samples in accordance with the Surface Water Ambient Monitoring program (SWAMP) 2008 Quality Assurance Program Plan (QAPrP). Training records of designated contractor sampling personnel are provided in Appendix K. The stormwater sampler(s) and altemate(s) have received the following stormwater sampling training: Name David Keith Jeff Woolston Training OSP/CISEC OSP/OSD/CISEC The stormwater sampler(s)and alternates have the following stormwater sampling experience: Name David Keith Jeff Woolston 7.7.7 7.7.7.1 Sample Collection and Handling Sample Collection Experience 3 years 8 years Samples shall be collected at the designated sampling locations shown on the Site Maps and listed in the preceding sections. Samples shall be collected, maintained and shipped in accordance with the SW AMP 2008 Quality Assurance Program Plan (QAPrP). Grab samples shall be collected and preserved in accordance with the methods identified in preceding sections. To maintain sample integrity and prevent cross-contamination, sample collection personnel shall follow the protocols below. • Collect samples (for laboratory analysis) only in analytical laboratory-provided sample containers; • Wear clean, powder-free nitrile gloves when collecting samples; • Change gloves whenever something not known to be clean has been touched; • Change gloves between sites; SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 53 April 2019 • £1>\Commerci;al Oeve.lopment Resources • Decontaminate all equipment ( e.g. bucket, tubing) prior to sample collection using a trisodium phosphate water wash, distilled water rinse, and final rinse with distilled water. (Dispose of wash and rinse water appropriately, i.e., do not discharge to storm drain or receiving water). Do not decontaminate laboratory provided sample containers; • Do not smoke during sampling events; • Never sample near a running vehicle; • Do not park vehicles in the immediate sample collection area (even non-running vehicles); • Do not eat or drink during sample collection; and • Do not breathe, sneeze, or cough in the direction of an open sample container. The most important aspect of grab sampling is to collect a sample that represents the entire runoff stream. Typically, samples are collected by dipping the collection container in the runoff flow paths and streams as noted below. 1. For small streams and flow paths, simply dip the bottle facing upstream until full. 11. For larger stream that can be safely accessed, collect a sample in the middle of the flow stream by directly dipping the mouth of the bottle. Once again making sure that the opening of the bottle is facing upstream as to avoid any contamination by the sampler. 111. For larger streams that cannot be safely waded, pole-samplers may be needed to safely access the representative flow. 1v. Avoid collecting samples from ponded, sluggish or stagnant water. v. Avoid collecting samples directly downstream from a bridge as the samples can be affected by the bridge structure or runoff from the road surface. Note, that depending upon the specific analytical test, some containers may contain preservatives. These containers should never be dipped into the stream, but filled indirectly from the collection container. 7.7.7.2 Sample Handling Turbidity and pH measurements must be conducted immediately. Do not store turbidity or pH samples for later measurement. Samples for laboratory analysis must be handled as follows. Immediately following sample collection: • Cap sample containers; • Complete sample container labels; • Sealed containers in a re-sealable storage bag; • Place sample containers into an ice-chilled cooler; • Document sample information on the Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheet; and • Complete the CoC. All samples for laboratory analysis must be maintained between 0-6 degrees Celsius during delivery to the laboratory. Samples must be kept on ice, or refrigerated, from sample collection through delivery to the laboratory. Place samples to be shipped inside coolers with ice. Make SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 54 April 2019 C~Commercial Development Resources sure the sample bottles are well packaged to prevent breakage and secure cooler lids with packaging tape. Ship samples that will be laboratory analyzed to the analytical laboratory right away. Hold times are measured from the time the sample is collected to the time the sample is analyzed. The General Permit requires that samples be received by the analytical laboratory within 48 hours of the physical sampling (unless required sooner by the analytical laboratory). Laboratory Name: Address: City, State Zip: Telephone Number: Point of Contact: H&P Mobile Geochemistry, Inc. 2470 Impala Drive Carlsbad, CA 92123 858-560-7717 Kearny Mesa 7.7.7.3 Sample Documentation Procedures All original data documented on sample bottle identification labels, Effluent Sampling Field Log Sh eet, and CoCs shall be recorded using waterproof ink. These shall be considered accountable documents. If an error is made on an accountable document, the individual shall make corrections by lining through the error and entering the correct information. The erroneous information shall not be obliterated. All corrections shall be initialed and dated. Duplicate samples shall be identified consistent with the numbering system for other samples to prevent the laboratory from identifying duplicate samples. Duplicate samples shall be identified in the Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheet. Sample documentation procedures include the following: Sample Bottle Identification Labels: Sampling personnel shall attach an identification label to each sample bottle. Sample identification shall uniquely identify each sample location. Field Log Sheets: Sampling personnel shall complete the Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheet and Receiving Water Sampling Field Log Sheet for each sampling event, as appropriate. Chain of Custody: Sampling personnel shall complete the CoC for each sampling event for which samples are collected for laboratory analysis. The sampler will sign the CoC when the sample(s) is turned over to the testing laboratory or courier. 7.8 Active Treatment System Monitoring An Active Treatment System (ATS) will be deployed on the site? D Yes ~ No This project does not require a project specific Sampling and Analysis Plan for an ATS because deployment of an A TS is not planned. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 55 April 2019 • 7.9 Cl)\Commercial Development Resources Bioassessment Monitoring This project is not subject to bioassessment monitoring because it is not a Risk Level 3 project. 7 .10 Watershed Monitoring Option This project is not participating in a watershed monitoring option. 7.11 Quality Assurance and Quality Control An effective Quality Assurance and Quality Control (QA/QC) plan shall be implemented as part of the CSMP to ensure that analytical data can be used with confidence. QA/QC procedures to be initiated include the following: • Field logs; • Clean sampling techniques; • CoCs; • QA/QC Samples; and • Data verification. Each of these procedures is discussed in more detail in the following sections. 7.11.1 Field Logs The purpose of field logs is to record sampling information and field observations during monitoring that may explain any uncharacteristic analytical results. Sampling information to be included in the field log include the date and time of water quality sample collection, sampling personnel, sample container identification numbers, and types of samples that were collected. Field observations should be noted in the field log for any abnormalities at the sampling location (color, odor, BMPs, etc.). Field measurements for pH and turbidity should also be recorded in the field log. A Visual Inspection Field Log, an Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheet, is included in CSMP Attachment 3"Example Forms". 7.11.2 Clean Sampling Techniques Clean sampling techniques involve the use of certified clean containers for sample collection and clean powder-free nitrile gloves during sample collection and handling. As discussed in Section 7. 7. 7, adoption of a clean sampling approach will minimize the chance of field contamination and questionable data results. 7.11.3 Chain of Custody The sample CoC is an important documentation step that tracks samples from collection through analysis to ensure the validity of the sample. Sample CoC procedures include the following: • Proper labeling of samples; • Use of CoC forms for all samples; and • Prompt sample delivery to the analytical laboratory. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 56 April 2019 c:l)\Commercial Development Resources Analytical laboratories usually provide CoC forms to be filled out for sample containers. An example CoC is included in CSMP Attachment 3"Example Forms". 7.11.4 QA/QC Samples QA/QC samples provide an indication of the accuracy and precision of the sample collection; sample handling; field measurements; and analytical laboratory methods. The following types of QA/QC will be conducted for this project: C8J Field Duplicates at a frequency of I per sampling event (Required for all sampling plans with field measurements or laboratory analysis) D Equipment Blanks at a frequency of [Insert frequency required by method] (Only needed if equipment used to collect samples could add the pollutants to sample) 7.11.4.1 Field Duplicates Field duplicates provide verification of laboratory or field analysis and sample collection. Duplicate samples shall be collected, handled, and analyzed using the same protocols as primary samples. The sample location where field duplicates are collected shall be randomly selected from the discharge locations. Duplicate samples shall be collected immediately after the primary sample has been collected. Duplicate samples must be collected in the same manner and as close in time as possible to the original sample. Duplicate samples shall not influence any evaluations or conclusion. 7.11.4.2 Equipment Blanks Equipment blanks provide verification that equipment has not introduced a pollutant into the sample. Equipment blanks are typically collected when: • New equipment is used; • Equipment that has been cleaned after use at a contaminated site; • Equipment that is not dedicated for surface water sampling is used; or • Whenever a new lot of filters is used when sampling metals. 7.11.4.3 Field Blanks Field blanks assess potential sample contamination levels that occur during field sampling activities. De-ionized water field blanks are taken to the field, transferred to the appropriate container, and treated the same as the corresponding sample type during the course of a sampling event. 7.11.4.4 Travel Blanks Travel blanks assess the potential for cross-contamination of volatile constituents between sample containers during shipment from the field to the laboratory. De-ioninzed water blanks are taken along for the trip and held unopened in the same cooler with the VOC samples. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 57 April 20/9 7.11.5 Data Verification CD\Commercial Development Resources After results are received from the analytical laboratory, the QSP shall verify the data to ensure that it is complete, accurate, and the appropriate QA/QC requirements were met. Data must be verified as soon as the data reports are received. Data verification shall include: • Check the CoC and laboratory reports. Make sure all requested analyses were performed and all samples are accounted for in the reports. • Check laboratory reports to make sure hold times were met and that the reporting levels meet or are lower than the reporting levels agreed to in the contract. • Check data for outlier values and follow up with the laboratory. Occasionally typographical errors, unit reporting errors, or incomplete results are reported and should be easily detected. These errors need to be identified, clarified, and corrected quickly by the laboratory. The QSP should especially note data that is an order of magnitude or more different than similar locations, or is inconsistent with previous data from the same location. • Check laboratory QA/QC results. EPA establishes QA/QC checks and acceptable criteria for laboratory analyses. These data are typically reported along with the sample results. The QSP shall evaluate the reported QA/QC data to check for contamination (method,field, and equipment blanks), precision (laboratory matrix spike duplicates), and accuracy (matrix spikes and laboratory control samples). When QA/QC checks are outside acceptable ranges, the laboratory must flag the data, and usually provides an explanation of the potential impact to the sample results. • Check the data set for outlier values and, accordingly, confirm results and re-analyze samples where appropriate. Sample re-analysis should only be undertaken when it appears that some part of the QA/QC resulted in a value out of the accepted range. Sample results may not be discounted unless the analytical laboratory identifies the required QA/QC criteria were not met and confirms this in writing. Field data including inspections and observations must be verified as soon as the field logs are received, typically at the end of the sampling event. Field data verification shall include: • Check field logs to make sure all required measurements were completed and appropriately documented; • Check reported values that appear out of the typical range or inconsistent; Follow-up immediately to identify potential reporting or equipment problems, if appropriate, recalibrate equipment after sampling; • Verify equipment calibrations; • Review observations noted on the field logs; and • Review notations of any errors and actions taken to correct the equipment or recording errors. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 58 April 2019 • 7.12 C~Commercial Development Resources Records Retention All records of stormwater monitoring information and copies of reports (including Annual Reports) must be retained for a period of at least three years from date of submittal or longer if required by the Regional Water Board. Results of visual monitoring, field measurements, and laboratory analyses must be kept in the SWPPP along with CoCs, and other documentation related to the monitoring. Records are to be kept onsite while construction is ongoing. Records to be retained include: • The date, place, and time of inspections, sampling, visual observations, and/or measurements, including precipitation; • The individual(s) who performed the inspections, sampling, visual observation, and/or field measurements; • The date and approximate time of field measurements and laboratory analyses; • The individual(s) who performed the laboratory analyses; • A summary of all analytical results, the method detection limits and reporting limits, and the analytical techniques or methods used; • Rain gauge readings from site inspections; • QA/QC records and results; • Calibration records; • Visual observation and sample collection exemption records; • The records of any corrective actions and follow-up activities that resulted from analytical results, visual observations, or inspections; and • N AL exceedance Report SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 59 April 2019 C~Commerci.il Development Resources CSMP Attachment 1: Weather Reports SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 60 April 20/9 Official Weather (Printed Daily) http://www.wrh.noaa.gov/lox/ » About NOAA » Contacts )) Staff Directory » Help ~ NATIONAL WEATHER SERVICE FORllC,Uf PltlT'NEATHER WfAlHEl'I WETY INRlf!MAlDICEN'JE!t -· IEJ.RCH "80Uf ThurwS1rctorm A~bvl!t) El:P-~td Aora·H IOUii:H ,t and LO....r .Ml,~HIPl!I V•lf~ T'"':e N'1\eS:--..orM ~.le;';G"';Ce,:rrai t.r.::c:.r..rr: tnJ~ .x:r:.Y.:S'2°\!"'GCGD:"'" e:ct,t,•MI ~IT\U"J~-e l!D: F~~)'c.l't:r-cc, l"CC e:artr Ffl:!.!:I e ... e~ !'Cf tne s..:u-.t.essle'Tt Uil aM tc,o:.~ UU~d ve1-e,. ',\tlJ~ b"-SMJ"t! MIO c:usb are -ocssf::te, a.·r ..sdd:tacn..s si:Drffll 1".alt'e\t!·kt: n ge~ nmei::e:fm b ~..!r."'ls.!\ere am:s. ~ 2 MILES E LAWNDALE CA .. _ 80°F 27'C ■ AJl'la C. CIU:. WC AT tic• .:<itl~I TI 1)111 ~ 7-DAY FORECAST ,_._ li:lft'J ~-r, . ..,,. -•-= It! ... .,.,, "~-.u w.-,»-11 Wi:M.P1-I- .,,__ ..S.t,b ('D1C.~.-.,) o-.un :e-=,u·CJ vw~ 1C X>m .._,...,_ ::c•:: ::?'"'Cl ~, 1.1.:nr■.;no,,aft•~-s ..in,~ura:..-~!Mc,N.•..; ec..m •-.:.s:•:,,~" ~-ef\ecTG-ffl, ~ C' •:-=i.e. ,1,Q&~,\a,-,.,r-cr, Y.■e!W'l'IC .!ta l!~~JG 'CfH 1l12.1!"-4•E ftl.M """' .... '?r; '$.,._., 11:,:..Yc-..-i-.._., »~ .. nc-:.r ,.._u ~S.D'"''"'-""IHCffll!";i~;t,:cun12·.~,. ... .,..,. N_. .. -.:w,; .,..,, '-!~•c•ar,-~1 N r3;.ffl.f.t. .... W.UNii•• ::.,..:2'!)'t.,;,.n., •1or ~-~•• •en.r:::a.:l,~ • -~-!.a: ·- ,.._.-, =-=:rv r~an., ,tD-!!-Ct • '-M .1 ~~-:,-.~•.-■"'::loft: ,1-&. ·- ADDITIONAL FORECASTS AND INFORMATION ~otscuu"'Di --n~ae t5i-ica1 T9: :>~ 1 F:"e:m1 h:LlT) ~-4e::t:-~ ~~ f11.;i....:;F~•~a1.s.'. C!.;,otC.~_si '0!5~ ~on,:'??~ill:>"tS "'".em;t91 ~.,.,..!""' ~=,;xgt;::'»'"'FO~ -:m....-~-o-,,.,~li.AS~ £)c:lert!TRff'.!f.-:J""32'.'t"..:t.Flt"!'OIS!S~ IJ:i:...,...._"'r ..... ' ""~" Hawl:lton,1, H-D1nome Muntc!-u■l Atraort ll<HH"'i u 1: n .;11:, L-n -1 ti..l3f!i4 e ~'"-1:. ,.., .. .oo.l l.Y I ~ c,, "'"'TI I •-= .,,..r-,e- cr•~ IIJ • ;; NW$ lOt.., P• ., ,.. 1' .... - 1•:wit ""9ri:ntt .1 l.Ues 1: ...!:.ti.nc:!~ CA U tYN1~aJS·--.v El~ . .:.Effi u wu.a...-1i ~ &.Hi:mFDT •~ ECfflP:JT~~1 21i1H cm ~OT AI.Q l A, .:C:1.l •~o-.cu:.-- To, J\,U:\~ •" f<',-:..,_ -,_ + ......... L.c-.:in .rw-:. .. ..,... S...Volft '%! :!:'J''f,• t 1.L,.-,-f'I •C:•"#MNUl_ 2 ft Scroll down to "Addition~ Forecast and lnformaion. ll~TIOIULL DICIT~ f~ST OATA8UE ADDITIONAL FORECASTS AND INFORMATION ZONE AREA FORECAST FOR LOS ANGELES COUNTY COAST INCLUDING DOWNTOWN LOS ANGELES. CA Forecast Discussion Printable Forecast Text Only Forecast Observation Map (Regional} Observation Map (Los Angeles) Weather Daily. Temp Fri Aug 17 Slight Chane:, Rain St,owe,s High 84 Low 69 15% 10% 10% 10% CIiek on Uos Ink. Hourly Weather Graph Tabular Forecast Quick Forecast Air Quality Forecasts International System of Units About Point Forecasts !forecast Weather Table Interface! Warnings Quantitative Precioitation Forecast Experimental Graphical Forecasts Climatology 10% Warnings and/or Advisories In Effect for this Point Hour@, W1oth1J Ootloot FOi' wam1ngs and/Of advlsonas 1n elect fof adJacent a,eas to see http://www Wfh noaa go,llox For•cHt For l•t/1.on: 33.UI0/-111.2940 (El•v. as ft) 2 MIIH E L.awnd•I• CA Sat Aug 11 Sun Aug 19 Mon Aug 20 Tll• Aug 21 W•d Aug 22 Patchy High 81 High 81 High 79 High 17 High 76 Low 68 Low67 Low66 Low 66 Low66 5% 5% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% 0% Chance of Preclp Preclp 12-hr Snow Totnl FRET ~OUf Temp o oo·· o oo-o.oo· o w o oo· o oo· o_w o oo· o.oo· o oo· o oo· o oo-o oo· o oo· o oo- Cloud I nan Oewpolnt Relative Humdliy Wind o· 5..,. 69 54% 63 84% E 1 O" 01r 11.,,, 6pn 111"" 82 80 71 33% 34% 44% 61 60 61 50% 50% 73% SW w SW 2 9 2 o· o· o· o· 016' 0 18" 5..,. 11ilm 5pm llfl'I' 5am 111ffl 1pm 11,,.., 68 78 77 69 67 78 17 68 "'1% 30% 30% 31% 31% 15% 15% 22% 63 62 61 61 62 61 60 60 82% 57% 57% 11% 84% 55% 56% 76% s s w w SE w w s 2 3 9 2 2 7 8 2 o· o· 0111" 0 18" 0 18" 'lam 11am Sr 111'"' h 1..-~pm 111"" 5.,. 11am 5pm 11,.., 66 76 75 68 66 75 74 67 66 74 73 66 22% 15% 15% 12% 12% 10% 10% 12% 12% 10% 10% 70% 60 60 60 60 60 61 60 59 59 61 59 58 83% SB% 58% 76% 82% 63% 61% 75% 78% 62% 62% 74% s SW w SE E SW SW s E SW w SW 1 12 10 3 3 8 9 2 2 8 10 3 L:~~~7~) 15204 152041520415204 15475154751547515475 15475154751547515-175 15475154751547515475 15475154751547515475 1547515475154751547~ Forecast Weather Table Interface r r SelectW_e_athe_r_F_or_ma_t_____ f En-te_r_a_L_oca_t_1·on_or_C_ft __ c_k_on_Ma--pBelow r-Custom Weather Table r XML r Pomt FMecast Page lnterr.,l mHours r 1 r 3 r. S r-POtnt Forecast Mat.rue r Hourly Tabular Forecast r Hourly Weather G1aph ou,auon1noays· r 1 r 2 r 3 r ◄r s r 6 r. 1 Reload Table Seard\ i,y ad<Srns· arr.state-; latitude~ongttude __ ~ 7/9/2018 https ://www. wrh. noaa .gov/forecast/wxtables/i ndex. php ?lat=34. 05222&1on=-118 .2 4278&print= 1 &table=custom&duration= 7 &interval =6 No Warnings or Advisories In Effect for this Point. For warnings and/or advisories in effect for adjacent areas to this point. Change Table Font Size ~ ~ see i!2ll Forecast For Lat/Lon: 34.0S30/-118.2460 (Elev. 377 ft) Los Angeles CA Forecast Created at: I Oam PDT Jul 9, 2018 Custom Weather Forecast Table Mon Jul 09 Tue Jul 10 fl Wed Jul 11 Thu Jul 12 Fri Jul 13 Sat Jul 14 Sun Jul IS _Weather Patchy Fog Patchy Fog Patchy Fog Daily-High 90 High 89 High 88 High 86 High 86 High 86 High 84 Temp Low -Low69 Low70 Low70 Low70 Low68 Low 66 :bane~ of O% Prec1 5% 5% 5% 10% 15% 15% 5% 5% 10% 10% 5% 5% 10% 10% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% 5% Precip 0.00" 0.00" 0.00" 0.00" 0.00" 0.00" 0.00" 0.00" 0.00" 0.00" 0.00" 0.00" 0.00" 0.00" 0.00" 12-hr Snow 0" 0" O" O" O" O" 0" 0" Total a • -~ ----~ ---'----· FRET 0.21" 0.21" 0.21" 0.22" 0.20" 0.20" 0.19" 6-Hour 5am 11am 5pm 11pm 5am 11am 5pm 11pm 5am 11am 5pm 11pm 5am 11am 5pm 11pm 5am 11am 5pm 11pm 5am 11am 5pm 11pm 5am 11am 5pm 11pm Temp 73 85 88 74 69 84 87 74 70 83 86 74 70 82 84 74 70 82 84 72 68 81 84 71 66 79 82 70 Cloudiness 55% 51% 51% 64% 56% 52% 44% 44% 46% 35% 35% 41 % 41% 40% 40% 78% 78% 30% 30% 78% 78% 27% 27% 74% 74% 31% 31% 74% Dewpoint 57 58 58 59 59 59 58 59 59 59 59 59 60 59 59 59 60 59 59 59 60 60 60 60 60 60 60 59 Relative 57% 40% 36% 59% 70% 43% 38% 59% 68% 44% 40% 59% 71% 46% 43% 59% 71 % 46% 43% 64% 76% 49% 44% 68% 81% 52% 47% 68% Humdity Wind s s SW SE N SW SW SE s SW SW s s SW SW SW SW SW SW SW s SW SW s s SW SW s 6 7 5 5 7 7 3 2 8 7 5 3 9 8 3 2 8 8 3 3 9 9 5 5 7 7 5 Snow 1305112922 12922 12672 12672 12309 12309 12086 12086 12074 12074 12132 12132 12132 12132 12302 12302 12497 12497 12725 12725 12969 12969 13180 13180 13068 13068 13017 Level (ft) Example: Daily NOAA Weather Printout https://www.wrh.noaa.gov/forecast/wxtables/index.php?lat=34 .05222&1on=-118.24278&print= 1 &table=custom&duration= 7 &interval=6 1/1 C~Commercial Dewtopment Resources CSMP Attachment 2: Monitoring Records SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 61 • April 20/9 C~Commercial Development Resources CSMP Attachment 3: Example Forms SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 62 April 2019 CD\Commercial Development Resources Rain Gauge Log Sheet Construction Site Name: BMW Carlsbad WDID#: Date Time Initials Rainfall Depth Notes: (mm/dd/yy) (24-hr) (Inches) SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 63 April 2019 c:~Commercial Development Resources Risk Level 1, 2, 3 Visual lnsoection Field Loa Sheet Date and Time of Inspection: I Report Date: Inspection Type: D Weekly □ Before □ □ □ □ Quarterly predicted During Following Contained non- rain rain qualifying stormwater stormwater event rain release event Site Information Construction Site Name: BMW Carlsbad Construction stage and I Approximate area completed activities: of exposed site: Weather and Observations Date Rain Predicted to Occur: Predicted% chance of rain : Estimate storm beginning: Estimate storm Estimate time Rain gauge duration: since last storm: reading: ( date and time) (hours) (inches) (days or hours) Observations: If yes identify location Odors Yes □ No D Floating material Yes □ No D Suspended Material Yes □ No D Sheen Yes □ No D Discolorations Yes □ No □ Turbidity Yes □ No D Site Inspections Outfalls or BMPs Evaluated Deficiencies Noted (add additional sheets or attached detailed BMP Inspection Checklists Photos Taken: I Yes □ No □ I Photo Reference IDs: Corrective Actions Identified (note if SWPPP/REAP change is needed) SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 64 April 2019 Inspector Name: Signature: Construction Site Name: BMW Carlsbad Sampler: c:~Commercial Development Resources Inspector Information I Inspector Title: Risk Level 2 Effluent Sampling Field Log Sheets / Date: / Time Start: I Date: Sampling Event Type: D D Non-D Non-visible pollutant Stormwater stormwater Field Meter Calibration pH Meter ID No./Desc.: I Turbidity Meter ID No./Desc.: Calibration Date/Time: Calibration Date/Time: Field pH and Turbidity Measurements Discharge Location Description pH Turbidity Time Grab Samples Collected Discharqe Location Description Sample Type Time SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 65 April 2019 Additional Sampling Notes: Time End: SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad Cl>\Commercial Development Resources 66 April 2019 £~Commercial Development Resources NAL or NEL Exceedance Evaluation Summary Report Project Name BMW Carlsbad Project WDID Project Location Date of Exceedance NAL Daily Average □pH □ Turbidity NEL Daily Average □pH □ Turbidity Type of Exceedance D Other (specify) D Field meter (Sensitivity: ) Measurement or D Lab method (specify) Analytical Method (Reporting Limit: __ ) (MDL: ) Calculated Daily D pH _ pH units Average 0 Turbidity_ NTU Rain Gauge inches Measurement Compliance Storm inches (5-year, 24-hour event) Event Visual Observations on Day of Exceedance SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 67 Page -of - April 20/9 Description of BMPs in Place at Time of Event Initial Assessment of Cause Corrective Actions Taken (deployed after exceedance) Additional Corrective Actions Proposed Report Completed By Signature SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad Cl>\Commercial Development Resources (Print Name, Title) 68 April 2019 C~=;:t V <Resources CHAIN-OF-CUSTODY DATE: Lab ID: REQUESTED DESTINATION LAB: ANALYSIS Notes: ATTN: ADDRESS: Office Phone: Cell Phone: SAMPLED BY: Contact: BMW Carlsbad Client Sample ID Sample Sample Sample Container Date Time Matrix # Type Pres. RELINQUISHED BY SENDER COMMENTS: Signature: Print: Company: Date: TIME: LABORATORY COMMENTS: RECEIVED BY Signature : Print: Company: Date: TIME: I SW PPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 69 April 20/9 C~Commerciill Development Resources CSMP Attachment 4: Field Meter Instructions SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 70 April 2019 2020we/wi QUICK START GUIDE » Read the manual before using the meter. ,. For the most accurate results, follow calibration and blanking procedures before testing. » To change settings refer to the Options and Set Up section in the manual. » Perform a turbidity calibration daily. Factory Settings Averaging: Disabled Turbidity Units: NTU Turbidity Calibration: Formazin Date Format: MM-DD-YYYY Power Save: Sminutes Backlight: 10 seconds language: English Perform a calibration over the smallest range possible. Use a standard that will bracket the sample range. Calibrate meter daily. 1. Press 8 to tum meter on. 2 . Select Measure. 3 . Select Turbidity -With Blank. 4. Rinse tube. Fill with BLANK. Ory tube. !5. Scan Blank. 6. Rinse tube. Fill with STANDARD. Ory tube 7 . Scan Sample. 8. Press 9 and select Calibrate. 9 . Press 9 G to adiust display to match standard value. 10. Press G to accept the calibration. 11. Press 8 to set the calibration 12. Proceed to Analysis. 1. Press 8 to turn meter on. 2. Select Measure. 3. Select Turbidity -No Blank. 4. Rinse tube. Fill with SAMPLE. Ory tube. !5. Scan Sample. 6. Press 8 to turn meter off. is -With Blank 1 . Press 8 to turn meter on. 2. Select Measure. 3 . Select Turbidity-With Blank. 4 . Rinse tube. Fill with BLANK Ory tube. !5. Scan Blank. 6 . Rinse lube. Fill with SAMPLE. Dry tube. 7. Scan Sample. 8. Press 8 to turn meter off. ~LC1Motte PO Box 329 • Chestertown • Maryland • 21620 • USA 800-344-3100 • 410-778-3100 (Outside U.S.A.)• Fax: 410-778-6394 • wwwlamotte.com C 2010 LaMolta Compony • 8 11 • &1!170-0G 0-1 NTU TESTING GUIDE (continued) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Press $ to turn meter on. Tip: Meter should have been calibrated with 1.0 NTU Standard. Select Measure. Select Turbidity -With Blank. Rinse a tube three times with O NTU Standard or turbidity-free water. Fill the tube to the line with 0 NTU Standard or turbidity-free water. Cap the tube. This is the BLANK. Tip: Use a clean, smudge-free, scratch-free tube. Do not use a tube or cap that was used for high turbidity standards. Wipe the tube thoroughly with a lint-free cloth. Tip: Surround the tube with a clean, lint-free cloth. Press the cloth around the tube. Rotate the tube three times in the cloth to assure that all areas of the tube have been wiped. Insert the tube into the chamber. Close lid. Scan Blank. Remove the tube. Tip: Align the index line on the tube with the index arrow on the meter. Tip: After scanning the blank, scan the blank again as a sample. It should read 0.00. If not, reblank the meter and scan the blank again. Repeat until it reads 0.00. A small negative number will be observed if the reading is slightly less than the reading used as the blank. This is expected due to minute variations between readings. Empty the tube. Rinse the same tube three times with the Sample. Fill the tube to the line with Sample . Cap the tube. Tip: For the most accurate results, the same tube should be used for the Blank, 1 NTU Standard and the Sample to eliminate error caused by tube to tube variation . Tip: Fill the tube slowly, pouring down the inside wall of the tube to avoid introducing bubbles. 8. I Wipe the tube thoroughly with a lint-free cloth . 9 . I Insert the tube into the chamber. Close the lid. Scan Sample. 1 o. I Record the result. ~LaMotte PO Box 329 • Chestertown • Maryland • 21620 • USA 800-344-3100 • 410-778-3100 (Outside U.S.A.) • Fax: 410-778-6394 • www.lamotte.com C 2010 L.aMolte Company • 8.10 • 61969-TG 1. Press $ to turn meter on. 2. Select Measure. 3. Select Turbidity -No Blank. 4 . Rinse tube. Fill with SAMPLE. Dry tube. 5 . Scan Sample . 6. Press $ to tum meter off. 1. Press $ to turn meter on. 2 . Select Measure. 3. Select Turbidity -With Blank. 4. Rinse tube. Fill with BLANK. Dry tube. 5. Scan Blank. 6. Rinse tube. Fill with SAMPLE. Dry tube. 7. Scan Sample. 8. Press $ to turn meter off. ~LaMotte PO Box 329 • Chestertown • Maryland • 21620 • USA 800-344-3100 • 410-778-3100 (Outside U.S.A.)• Fax: 410-778-6394 • www.lamotte.com <02010LaMotteCompany • 8.11 • 61970-0G :J c:=:J El C] ll,s--...... ---... ,.,--.,- E UTECH ---. INSTRUMENTS OAKION .....,...,_....,_ htrd __ _ INSTRUmON MANUAL pHTestr 10, 20, 30, 10BNC, Spear Large Screen Waterproof pH / Temperature Testr Double Junction lntro4tldl• Tlw"ok you for stle<llng our wat~proof pH Testr. This m•null ~rvos the following (S) models: • pHTestr 10 (Eiiech PH'IESTIO/ O!X366'l01 / Oalclon 35634-10) pHTe$!r ZO {EUIC(h PKfESTZO / 01X3E690l / Oaklon 35634-20) • pHTestr 30 (Elllech PKfEST30 / OIX366'l03 / O.il<lon 35634-30) pHTestr 108/IC (Eutech PlflESTIOBNC/ OIX366904 / Oak!m 35634-14) pH Spear (&Aech PH5PEAA / 01X366920 / Oaklon 35634-40) Thb marual pra,ides a Sl~ep ~ ID opetate the Teslrs. ....... , ..... ,. Concilian :,ou pHTestr 10, 20, lO el«lrodc, 1,-iMlelslng ~ in electrode sto<age ~ion or lap water for at led 30 rrw.Aes before use. 00 NOT U5C de-l<riztd wale< En!IJI'• !hat 'P" pHSpea, eleclrode is 1'nfs sooked in the dectrode !IOfage solution Of tap water.;. ils proledwe ap. Note: ForpHT-IOBNC. pluser~ tot~ pH d«trodt's hsln,ctiot, manual. pll I""-Set s.lectloa Your Testr leatures USA (pH 4.01, pH 7.00 a,,d pH 10.01) or NITT {pH 4.01 , pH 6.86, ard pH 9.18) standards. Stied eid,cr one to suit yo.,r requlremenis. 1. While pressing the HOl.ll([NT blltton, S'Oitch on the Testr l1j pressng 1he ON/Off button. l . Mease the HOlMNT bu:ton. The dsplay will lla5ll either ~ or NIST. 3. Press CAL button to toggk ~ the two bl& sel Slandards. 4. Press the HOI.O/ENT buttm to conirm the sde<lion of the~ set. •.wrpo.d oll.p,fflllllJl/01 11"1flll!ffllll>I ,.._..._._. tdeMc ONJOFI --IIOU)f !Nii.- pH CalillfatiOII ,•~0 1,·r®~ =---.,u~R --,nSI: _:_ nSI:: -:i.;:" bUF bUf [D :=:. -Rt,,,91: __ ,_,_ ~ shoold be done reg,Jarly, prdtra!ft once a ~ You an albralc up to tllrtt pcjnl> ,mg either the USA or ~ NIST bufttl' Sd st.lndards. t. Press ON/Off buttoo to Sllilch urit on. 2. Olp eledrode aboUI 2 10 l cm into the pH standatd ~ !OUion. 3. Press the CAI. button to e1ller Q!ilnlion mode. The 'CAL' inciator wi1 be 5hooMi. The upper display will show the rnusured reading based en lhe ~ alilralion whle the ble<' dsplay wil lndical! the pH standafd btdler sdution. llote: Al restts h,., dual tisp/,f dumg alibr1tion mode. /lole: ro abort caiitxadoll. fJllSS tie 'GIL' button. 4. llt1tt abollt 2 nwues lor ttie Tes!r reading to stabllzt before pressr,g the HOl.OIENT button lo ""1Wm the !ht calibration poinl The upper ~I wl be albratcd to the pH standard bl,ller solltio<land the~ displaywl 11\en be togging in~ reaci,gs ol thc flClt pH stmard bo&r soMion. S. Repeat wftll other buffers W necessary. Rinse eleclrode In l3fl waler before dpping Into nectb&-. 1/o/t: r~ calbrariotl mode lbs you ro ~m up to rhrtt! a.ibralkxl points bdore ,etvroog to~ IIIOiJSU(~/ node automaliul)< ~ if you opltd to,,..,~ one or ""' albrauon points. sltrfllY skfl 1M rtmdinlng alibfltion points by exiling to ~-motJt: by {JltSSng lh<!CAI. buttori. .. ,on, to4oa1pcinl~ •~p,caCM.NIDft.i fflpwictoecllDIN ........... ~ ,-.. --... 1MCOftdta.6;t-b . ...,.~ . .... ,!,... __ .,., pr& CAL !Mien a tis poirll • ail .... .....,...,..,.,.~. p,ocftd IO ... tuler tar a lHrd _,.,,.,.,.pdf<_ _,,.Hdpolt __ ..,_ .. ~f«lllllOflc.......,.Nde. M&f¥poiM.MfflQrl'ftSll)f°& l'_,1,c """""_,, ............ ,. -• ... -· ... oil--- ,._.z,,.-,,.«,,,,_'-"" pHMeas-1 1. Press the ON/Off blltton 10 switch the Te:slr on. 2. o., the etearode aboUI 210 3 an n1o the test solution. Stir and 1<t the reac1ng subilzt. for semi-solid sa,rples using pHSpear, rolabon is loeal for~ contact. WTION: Testilg dry samples is no1 ilCClnle and can lead 10 sens« damage or breakage. Sails IOOSI be w,:t and lrtt ol partiallales Iha! rM/ scratch the glass S!f150f. Excessi'lt force into dry samples Ull cause glass breal<age. 3. Note the pH value or press HOt.lllENl blalon lo freeze the reaoog. To release the readng, fl(ess HOW/ENT~ 4. Press al/Off to lurn elf T<Slr. tt you do not press a button tor 8.5 mirutes. the Tes11 wit automalialy SB.II off to ccnseoe batteties. IIOUI Functio■ This fealllre lets you freeze the dsplay for a delayed obs<rvilllon 1. Press HOU)/EHT button lo \eeze the mea5<Jrement A 'HOLD' lndcator wl be displayed and the rneas,,rcnent wl be frozen. 2. Press HOtD/ENT agak, ID r<lease the rneasi.r,m,,n. The 'HCtO' lma101 wl no1 be displrj,ed anymore indati"l the held measuiement Is relealed. ~&a~® [ss~ ® ,~ -c6Bl c6B ,,,....,,...,,. ... _ r.,_lles.t Yet an rese1 the pH wbration ID the factory defalA! by ,mg t,e user r!Sd IIM>ction. ~ set selediort and ten,penn,e us,r calibration (pHTest,30) 11e no1 affe<tcd by the 1M lesd function. I. s..tch off the Testr. l. 'Mrile pressing the 'CAI.' buttoo. press and release the ON/a'F button ID entor the 'Use Reset' seleclion menu. The SO'een wl dsplay 'rSt' on 1he botlam cisplay with a llasNng -.0' S<l«tion. i. Use the ·oc bottcn 1o toggle~ ·n0· and m· sdedlon. • n0 deai:lrtall!S Iese! sde<tion • YES acllvates the resel selection •· Press the HOUll'ENT button to c.onlinn the s<ledicn made. S. r you have selecled 'YES', the urit wil ww 'CO' rnomenta,iy and proettd 1o the ,,,.....ement mode 'Mlh the Gilb'ation r!Sd bad< to factory dclilltt Vikle. ,. tt 'r,()' is selected, the int v,11 p,oettd to th• rntaSll'ement mode Mthout ""f cilmlion reset pe,iormed. .,._,...... .... ,,...CM. ... OIWFFttattMt .._Fnlrdme ---CM.- []0 ' I ; !O\~ _ -,, Y~S, ~ CO .-SI: .-St FlfweJ:--~ ATC -Alltoaatlc T-pent■n C-,.AtlN (°"'J tor pllTestr 10, pllTestr Z.O a1II pHTestr 30) 111:1,c:sa.,... tm_ ... ,. ...,,..._ .. --- Thfoo.91 its fn.buil temperature sensor, the rnwurcment c,101 ciJe 10 lhe changes In electrode sf:IISitMly due 10 dlanges In tempeqm is compensated 10 gil-e the aaual pH ruding ol the sample meaSl.l'ed. MTC • NM•al T--,.a11n CG-,1■111foa (OtlJ fw pHTestr 10111(, pll s,e.) The HTC range is O lo 50.0 'C (32.0 tol22.0 °Fl, User reset wl set temperature to def1li1 v~ 2S°C or 77'F. \llllle lntherntaSll'ementmode. I. Press the HOU>/1:Nl button to bmg the Teslr to the "HOU>' ffl0'Je. z. Press the CAL button ccntnuously to s,,itct, lo the 'C or "f moc:e setting s<ltdionSO'eetl, l lldease the CAI. button to conflln yw-mode selection and the tisj,!ay wil go to the manual t~tll'e allbratioo mode .ti the upper display ftasling. The upper cispUy shows the ~1~a111revaue and the lower dSjllayShOws the last set temperature olfsel. 4. Press the HOI.O/ENT bulton ID set the upper dsplay to the t,mpc,at!Ke value ol yctl'sompie. 5. Once the set1ing is reached. release the HOlO/EIIT lliton. The new value i,; uomatlQlly conli'rned and returns 1o the measi.rement mode f no blalon is pressed after5seainds. Not,s: ro tx1t this program ltl/mtxJt c:onlirming the cliibralion, press tht CAL button bdote the autMlltic adirrn,rion I~ p/1n. Teaperatwe Calillratl .. {ht, Fw pllTestr 30) Fram the meUllfemml mode, 1. Press the HOI.D/£NT button to bring the T..ir to the 'tlOlO' ®de. 2. Press ttie CAL !Mtoo for 3 SKonds to 1llilch to th< 'C or "F node setting sd<dof> sae<11. Pressing th< CAL b.cton cO<ltinuously for 3 seconds alows j0U to loggle In b<twten th< •c and "F mod< s,!1ilg sdectlon sc,een. 3. R<luse th< CAL button 11> c:onfinn y»: mode selttlion and the cl5pliy ..i go to th< tempe,.iue wbration inode wilh th< o.wer cl5pliy ~ The upper cl5pliy shows 1he current fflUSIKed t<mp<tature readrlg based on k llSI set atfS<I and th< lowef cl5pliy shor,,s the current mu""ed tffll!)erature reading based on faaoryde!M allnlion. 4. Dip lhe Tew lnlo a 50lu1ion of i.-, w,mpe,alll'e and .now ime tor 1he in buit ,....,... ature sens« to stabizt. 5. Pres.s the HOlO/EHT button lo set the upp<r cl5pliy to the tet,pe,ltll'e •• of the sdulion. 6. Once lhe new tempe,ature setting is reached, the oew•au is autarnaliaL'J confirmed and returns to the IT'IOi5Wement mode a no button 15 p,es.std alter 5 seconds. llo(,s: To eJat this p,ogr1m rtitho<A cor/',fmk>tJ /ht calibr~tioll. p,ess 1M CAL turan bdort /ht MJIDmllic a,nfrmatb, lakes pgce. """' ____ ..... r-cuMCUW011n:retitc6oel:•» ♦S "C(•9.,)tf'Ollatdd..&l .. rdo-e' ... ,.,"'C(•t"fll-• ............. ............. <:a,-.,.pr-tlColl_i_l_oo_ btt"lffl-.«&nd'IClll«!J«sCdAsfthr ... -[ -' -0wJ SE I: liJ] = tlhtl'lllte .... ........ oflwt .... ,NCW. .. _ .... ·-a.6-..... ,o .., . ......,, .. ~---· ,..,.,, ,____1-oo,,,.,,,.,,,,, __ , El«tNde...._. I. Bdore meosimg soil pH w1h the pl!Spear, .et y»: sol .an'!)le ..th dislled water and .,,,.... 1h11 ~ sol is ~ .. of particulates. EVffl lllough he pHSj)e¥ is ruggecized, hard SI.daces suet, as stones ind pebbles an s1il oose b-wage. 2. Rinse the de(trodt with tap wot« or electrode storage~ .tier each mwur-. Care his to bt taken not to damoge the -·s gliss dcctrode espoclllywi.e~thepltSpea<penMlingtip~. 3. In -wesst.e dltmlcais. ,.ty or viscous sclutions. and sollm)ns wilh heavy mews 0( p,ocelns. ~ r~ c,Ji<laf and rinse eledrode irrmedaldy allerward. For the pHSj)ear, the retnnancs cl the semi solid~ on the pen<1rating electrode QI! be removed ~ riAll>i',g l w!lh some lalk Id and 1hen rin5ll1g. Mid detergerc an bt used to wwi the penelrali,g etecttode dean. ◄. W possible, kt<!) a small pi!ce cl paper or sponge In the de<!rode cap -inoist~ with deln water o, tledrocle ,to,age solution (NOT de-lolized wate<) -and dose cap Offl the dectrode. For pl!Spear, .,_. !NI th< eleclrode 15 kept SOlktd In electrode stor,ge solution or tap we .ia its prole<tive ap. Oaatllltllln.ries t. ()pm bane,y compartment lid (with •ttached lanyard loop). Z. Removr old balttries; replace wO, hsll ones. Hele polatily °"' ""'9-1 I o., Ilk (Sci) ll-der~ SiJ,11 - rm. ...... I &.1 ~ ......... lllors-bollef)isU(IOO'JI,) 2llortlndlclles~olll>tboll"'tife•ldl 1 llor-Mol ll><boll<tyllebldl ~bltwy"""'9 ....... lle~IDl ...... blllefies oilihsll,.. .. spo<iiodbJ...-., !lectrode is ... lncoruct wch-., ...itode is 1lli,g camod<d p,op,,~ IO h r..., ·• .. •••IJ>llleslrlO)eac- l,•shorl« ,. ... r ... pll--o1~10-•collnlion --isnol-lle,9'(11,dall>rllioo- You can replace Ille electrode module al lhe fraction of the ccst ol a new Testr. wt,,,, the Testr fais to calibrate o, gives Muating readrlgs In calibration standirds, )OU need to changt the electrode. I. ¥Mil Ory hands, 9f1> th< ri>bed 1eSlr cDlar wilh electtode facing )'OIi, Twist lhe coflar aiu'ier dodwise (see piru,-e ~. Save lhe ri>bed Testr colar Md 0-mg lor later= 2. NI th< old electrode module NI:[ from the Testr. 3. Nqi the bx tabs on th< new modue so Iha! they maKl11he four slots on the Testr (see piru,-e 8). ◄. Gently push the module onto th< slots to sit b In posjlion. Push the smiler 0-mg Nlty onlo th< new el<arode ~ Push the collar r,,er lhe ll10dtie and llwead k Into place ~ 6rmly !Msting do<kw!st. Nott: II is n,c,s,.ry th.Jr you rtalibf•t• you, Tesrr prior ro nwsurtmttll 1/ttr ,n dt!ct!otr ~ ,,,_1,_.,_ -- Apiillcltl•• s -,,,_,,,_,,.,., __ ............. Water qualty testing • pools • sp45 • aquariums • aquaaiture • tr,,roporia • ecdrogf Slides • water ind wastewater tmlrnent • boilers • steam generators • ar washes • >ariCalbl plants • labs • food sectn and morel . ..,..., lhe wat.,proof Testrs are warranted to b< free ~om marohaurlng defects lor , ytM and eleclrodemodue lor 6 monlhs. unless otherwise specified. ff repair.~ o, replacerner1t is necess1ry and his not been the r<SIJII of ab.se or misuse \lii!hln lhe tme peliod specified. pie.is< ccmad 'fO"' local disWJulo, tor as>isl.we. lleta1110f ,... • Authorizaion must be obtained lrom yt» ~ belore reuni,g kems lor "'ff reason. When appt,;r,g lor lllllhorizalion. pie.is< ln<ude lnlormallon r<g¥Ci,g the,._ the ~em(s) are to be rdlKned. Not,;111,reser-,etll<ri/llto ... ~i>~-..,-"',,,_ --.1ttes1r,s,i)j«trodllngt-nodce. Ac--'----------•--"'~-1o.20JO~s..---JjU .. )I --ll'J<.!O -~-_...,_,O.lO.lO E<l'Ol.QI01 35'2 ... S Testr S,.Clfludoa ___ ,_ ,..,_ .. ....,_H I ,..,_JO I ':"..:' pllS,.. loH--1.0llt 1-S.0.t .1.0:,1111~,tt -0.1,H O.OloH --... 0.1,tt o.o, .. c. ....... IJJIO'J-.... 1 ..... us;. -Sol--41)/7J:il0..0 16'•4,01/7A'Wl0.0I NIST· 11ST .4.0.,.,......1, CM.t/U .tl.OpH Qlwdoo-l,tt<D6,H-tUIO,tt(f1U.01,,tt UI.OI). (W-Sd~ :1,SpH 11.!0,ttCP">.OO) (>117.01 otl.OpK , __ (lit<D,"194 :tl.00pH(pH4.01 ,ptt,.11:. (IISTU.-Sd-d) il.l,H 11.lS,ttt,ffU6) !,HUI --Mo-I O.!iOD'totlllJ,.1.U,O"f --~ !IC I MIC ---.. I O.t't/"F ___ .,, .. I O.S'(/0.t"F I .. .._ .... .. I tf?(ll"F) ,I ~,a.o"( .. c.-•-.......... _,1nl'!'(M1Q ""101 ... ,~ ....... __.,.._ ...,_ .... tb,'11:111dl-.llctlai .... Ul)-!Ml -~-•• ,,,,.,,,7' . ..,.MM.~ -u. Mor..W-5i001W1 lllltf'ali'lal!nGll'IMI 0-lO'( ..._._ ,si...,.s-... rtz!"l•IS ... fliS•ltlNO) f 71ll•J -USoll!O,.I -..-lollll .... ....,...,..... .... _,_ ... _ ,,_ ~-........ ,2 .. -------, ... c:l)\Commercial Development Resources CSMP Attachment 5: Supplemental Information SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 71 April 20/9 Section 8 CD\Commerci.il Development Resources References State Water Resources Control Board (2009). Order 2009-0009-DWQ, NPDES General Permit No. CAS000002: National Pollutant Discharges Elimination System (NPDES) California General Permit for Storm Water Discharge Associated with Construction and Land Disturbing Activities. Available on-line at:http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water issues/programs/stmmwater/construction.shtml. State Water Resources Control Board (2010). Order 2010-0014-DWQ, NPDES General Permit No. CAS000002: National Pollutant Discharges Elimination System (NPDES) California General Permit for Storm Water Discharge Associated with Construction and Land Disturbing Activities. Available on-line at:http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water issues/programs/stormwater/construction.shtml. CASQA 2009, Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal: Construction, November 2009, www .casga.org SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad April 2019 C~Commercial Development Resources Appendix A: Calculations SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 73 April 20/9 . . Risk Analysis Summary ••• Low l.FVH(I) HIGH RUSLE: R x K x LS x C x P R=32.35 x K=0.2 x LS=1.687 x 1 x 1 10.9177= Low Receiving Water Risk High Riak 11.fW 8MWC~ Risk Level 2 NOTEff~ ,,. ... tOIO/iulOC-V. Co.l'lC.,...,CAt2008 Pl~•IOc mmm-C•ib l · · 1%i·Snm, l!!!lml@P, § fo. ,CM&fflffl!IIII KOtU!HT IIU.SK ,ACTOII WOftKSHHT Nll'\Ktion.1· ("1u 11.K MCI LI LklOf VIIIUH SV.ttm WIii Uku~ watef'lhed W()IIOII fftlMtlU and IJte MOlfnt'nl ttt• tacco, A.~fll-- $2.)$ ·-0.2 c1ur.ctc1t~~~.-,..,...,o,.a11.,....,t't4ICI.Dll').-•,..~NIWl'Cl..:;~u,...,,~..,, ,.ee7«9)4 ~on N ~ Ttli>p,lot lO~ 9"IIW SYdtC8 Pot,wtit L.S Fac;IOt W1tershed Ero1Jon Estfnu,te (•R·K~Ls~ In to11tlacr• 1011mTUNO Site Sediment Rltk Factor Low Lo,.~RM.•15....,t<N AECIMNO WATlll (lfN) la.JI( rACT°" W'OftKSNHl A.Wile'aMOChMKlel__, ~ S«i:moenr RIIPl >?.• ti and <75 ~ High~"-..1'PT1~--- 4 1(•)Do,ff.N-.,.bedWMOM:f'Wgildf.ctfyOl.,...,,_,IOalQ:J(d)t161H~ 1...-•bf___,.., I A.IJb)ltN~•MlaulllifWllhna~drwqtoa)03(cfl...,. 1' __ ..,_, .... ~;.__ ____ .;.. ........ --c'-...L--· ..... _.......,=c...,1 r.oiKthdllMfttlttw.. Low "'o,itct ltt<•Mnt ~* 'UM. High ~COrilttwdRhll' LevM2 V..•Hiigfl. No•Low High 1 of 5 RUSLE lsoerodent R Value --10 --20 --40 50 60 80 100 120 140 160 180 --200 --220 Facility Information • Start Date: 12/01/2019 • End Date: 12/01/2020 • Latitude: JJ.1346 • Loogltude: -117.3241 Erosivlty Index Calculator Results An e.-oslvlty Index value Of 32 .35 has been determined for the construction period of 12/01/2019 -12/01 /2020. A rainfall erosMty factor of 5.0 or greater has been calculated fOf your site and period of construction. You do NOT qualify for a waiver from NPOES permlning requirements. 10 -(I040-..... -SO 80 <>c,t>o-/ ' ,. . ~ ~ 2 of 5 RUSLE RUSLE K Values GIS files can be downloaded from ftp·//swrcb2a.waterboards ca.gov/publswrcbldwq/cgp/ .. b,,P K Factor Whole Soil .02 .05 .10 .11 .13 .15 .16 .17 .20 .24 .28 .32 .37 .43 .49 .55 Data Source: Natural Resources Conservation Service, U S. Dept of Agriculture and State Water Resources Control Board 3 of 5 RUSLE RUSLE LS Values GIS files can be downloaded from: ftp://swrcb2a.waterboards.ca.gov/publswrcbldwqlcgpl 0 25 50 100 Miles I I Data Source:State Water Resources Control Board 4 of 5 0 50 -High Risk Receiving Watersheds 100 200 Mlles Legend C3 Regional Board Boundary M SPA'MII, MIGRATORY Srf:OLD Beneficial Uses PfusTMDls&303(d) -~ ~ RUSLE 5 of 5 Computation Sheet for Determining Run-on Discharges Existing Site Conditions Area Runoff Coefficient Area Rainfall Intensity Drainage Area Site Area Run-on Discharge (A) x (8) x (C) NOAA Atlas 14, Volume: 6, Version 2 OCEANSIDE PUMPING PLT Station ID: 04-8379 Location name: Oceansld•, Calltomla, USA· Lalltude: 33.2103•, Longttude: .117.3536• Elev1tton: Elevation t1t1tlon metadata): 30 ft .. "IOtll'~ ESRI~ .. IQl.Wce U9CS POINT PRECIPITATION FREQUENCY ESTIMATES PF tabular 0.90 0.603 in/hr 3.70 Acres 2.008 ft3/sec (A) (B) (C) (D) 1 of 3 Computation Sheet for Determining Run-on Discharges Relief Soil Figure 000.2A Runoff Coefficients for Undeveloped Areas Watershed Types Extreme High Normal .28 -.35 .20-.28 _14 -.20 Steep, rugged terrain Hilly, with average Rolling. with average with average slopes slopes of 10 to 30% slopes of 5 to 10% above 30% Infiltration .12 -.16 .08 -.12 .06 -.08 No effective soil Slow to take up Nonna!; well drained cover, either rock or water, clay or light or medium thin soil mantle of shallow loam soils of textured soils, sandy negligible low infiltration loams, silt and silt infiltration capacity capacity, imperfectly loams or poorly drained Vegetal .12 -.16 .08 -.12 .06-.08 Cover No effective plant Poor to fair; clean Fair to good; about cover, bare or very cultivation crops, or 50% of area in good sparse cover poor natural cover, grassland or wood- less than 20% of land, not more than drainage area over 50% of area in good cover cu Iii vated crops Surface .10-.12 .08 -.10 .06-.08 Storage Negligible surface Low; well defined Normal; depression few and system of small considerable surface shallow; drainageways; no depression storage; drainageways steep ponds or marshes lakes and pond and small, no marshes marshes Given An undeveloped watershed consisting of; Solution: I) rolling terrain with average slopes of 5%, Relief 2) clay type soils, Soil Infiltration 3) good grassland area, and Vegetal Cover 4) normal surface depressions. Surface Storage Find The runoff coefficient, C, for the above watershed. Low .08 -.14 Relatively flat land, with average slopes of0 to 5% .04 -.06 High; deep sand or other soil that takes up water readily, very light well drained soils .04 -.06 Good to excellent; about 90% of drainage area in good grassland, woodland or equivalent cover. .04 -.06 High; surface stor- age, high; drainage system not sharply defined; large flood plain storage or large number of ponds or marshes. 0.14 0.08 0.04 Q..QQ C= 0.32 2 of 3 Computation Sheet for Determining Runoff Coefficients Table 000.2B Runoff Coefficients for Developed Areas Type of Drainage Area Business: Downtown areas Neighborhood areas Residential: Single-family areas Multi-units, detached Multi-units, attached Suburban Apartment dwelling areas Industrial: Light areas Heavy areas Parks, cemeteries: Playgrounds: Railroad yard areas: Unimproved areas: Lawns: Sandy soil, flat , 2% Runoff Coefficient 0.70 -0.95 0.50 -0.70 0.30 -0.50 0.40 -0.60 0.60 -0.75 0.25 -0.40 0.50 -0.70 0.50 -0.80 0.60 -0.90 0.10 -0.25 0.20 -0.40 0.20 -0.40 0. 10 -0.30 0.05 -0.10 Sandy soil, average, 2-7% 0.10 -0.1 5 Streets: Roofs: Sandy soil, steep, 7% 0.15 -0.20 Heavy soil, flat, 2% 0.13 -0. 17 Heavy soil, average, 2-7% 0.18 -0.25 Heavy soil, steep, 7% 0.25 -0.35 Asphaltic Concrete Brick Drives and walks 0.70 -0.95 0.80 -0.95 0.70 -0.85 0.75 -0.85 0.75 -0.95 3 of 3 33" 8'2"N • . , . -.. . . . ::.-., ,;:. I •O!.!I •O! I -;: .. ,;:; I . :::c, ,;:; .. , ·O!: I ,;:::, , . -· --. ---·--~~.' .-.. .. ,'. p -----. ---·----..... -~ ..._ r: ~ ·1..___ --------~ i .. ' ' .. : ~'"~)-\-<. ------------. I I s .. ' '."""~, --•. --~ -:::--':-• ........ r: . ~ --1-----.:.. / .: •· . ,/~♦• -/· . ., -..____ • • ii s ' .: . , . !J -.... .. .... ' $ r. ., .·" ,. -........... . .; \ ~ # .,tit:,~"•,.._ .. -\;;:,\.'7 rl -I Et ~ --. . ,, ':: .~ .. ,, . I' :;j Ii ,:;-. ~ .. ~ . .; _ .... r; .. .. .,: «.;; -~ ( ~ ., ' '!r .. , --._. r . ,... -.· ,If: . · ~-/ " .., .--~ ,c ;(; ,. ,~~ I ,.;.· " ..• / ';., . '•,>/' -... ,. ' '••<,. I I ,t . ' ., 'I, .,., ~-~ ~ ·~--.. II• '\ .,._ '. • ~~ ... , "'· ~ .. "1i,t .... ' ~ / , ( -,.. ... _o Ce , .J •. -~fifer ~ P'. ~ i"' ·,~-...<;t_ , .c, ~ --i :. 400600 400670 -461710 ~ 400750 di1!T70 46179) -10 ~ Map Scale: 1: 1,190 if prirte:j on A landsGlpe ( 11" X 8.5") sheet. N 0 ----=====--------========Meiers 00 15 3) 8) A ----======--------=======feet :m Edge tics: lm1 Zme 11N WGS84 0 flO 100 ax> Map projection: 1/vro Mercab::r Comer roordilatEs: WGS84 USDA Natural Resources .iii Conservation Service Web Soil Survey National Cooperative Soil Survey -------I I ------------. ----c , . anno ~-:i-T . t j,-I ,. /~ .J. ~.,., § ~ c,O ~ <., ,,, ,, , , .. / / / -4IB!70 I , I 'I.Au . ....... ....,._ -~ f: ,....._ •:·, ...... r~ ! ' i ri . r= fi ~ - 4/9/2019 Page 1 of 3 C . ; 33" 8'2"N Soil Map-San Diego County Area, California MAP LEGEND MAP INFORMATION Area of Interest (AOI) D Area of Interest (AOI) Soils D Soil Map Unit Polygons -Soil Map Unit Lines C Soil Map Unit Points Special Point Features ~ Blowout 181 Borrow Pit • Clay Spot ◊ Closed Depression x; Gravel Pit . Gravelly Spot 0 Landfill A. Lava Flow .w, Marsh or swamp ~ Mine or Quarry 0 Miscellaneous Water 0 Perennial Water V Rock Outcrop + Saline Spot .. Sandy Spot . . . § Severely Eroded Spot 0 Sinkhole 3> Slide or Slip Ill Sodic Spot USDA Natural Resources ail Conservation Service § Spoil Area 0 Stony Spot co Very Stony Spot ~ Wet Spot D, Other ~· Special Line Features Water Features Streams and Canals Transportation +++ Rails ,,,..., Interstate Highways __. US Routes Major Roads Local Roads Background • Aerial Photography Web Soil Survey National Cooperative Soil Survey The soil surveys that comprise your AOI were mapped at 1:24,000. Warning: Soil Map may not be valid at this scale. Enlargement of maps beyond the scale of mapping can cause misunderstanding of the detail of mapping and accuracy of soil line placement. The maps do not show the small areas of contrasting soils that could have been shown at a more detailed scale. Please rely on the bar scale on each map sheet for map measurements. Source of Map: Natural Resources Conservation Service Web Soil Survey URL: Coordinate System: Web Mercator (EPSG:3857) Maps from the Web Soil Survey are based on the Web Mercator projection, which preserves direction and shape but distorts distance and area. A projection that preserves area, such as the Albers equal-area conic projection, should be used if more accurate calculations of distance or area are required. This product is generated from the USDA-NRCS certified data as of the version date(s) listed below. Soil Survey Area: San Diego County Area, California Survey Area Data: Version 13, Sep 12, 2018 Soil map units are labeled (as space allows) for map scales 1 :50,000 or larger. Date(s) aerial images were photographed: Nov 3, 2014-Nov 22,2014 The orthophoto or other base map on which the soil lines were compiled and digitized probably differs from the background imagery displayed on these maps. As a result, some minor shifting of map unit boundaries may be evident. 4/9/2019 Page 2 of 3 Soil Map-San Diego County Area, California Map Unit Legend Map Unit Symbol CbB MIC Totals for Area of Interest ~DA Natural Resources ..-Conservation Service Map Unit Name Carlsbad gravelly loamy sand, 2 to 5 percent slopes Marina loamy coarse sand, 2 to 9 percent slopes Acres In AOI Web Soil Survey National Cooperative Soil Survey 1.4 2.5 l 3.9 Percent of AOI 36.8% 63.2% 100.0% 4/9/2019 Page 3 of 3 Cl>\Commerc:i.al Development Resourc:es Appendix B: Site Maps SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 74 April 2019 I I I I I I I I I I I • .. . rr----f tt---1 SAMPLING POINT RUN-OFFcr,,, CANNON ROAD GRAVEL BAG BERMcr,,, ----------1:il.. CONTROLLED ENTRANCE / EXIT (TYP) AUTO CENTER CT l:X.10' N:PWATt:A LNPER SfPAA4TE A.NI ----- I A. I I i I F ... ( FLOW""' I . ------------ A I .. • * RUN-ON POINT""'> ----,,/" INLET PROTECTION"'~ SOP 2019•XXXXICDP 201t•XXXX (DEV201t-XXXX) t ABBREVIATIONS DESCRIPTION SYMBOL u ElOStlNG f~ .. ~!lff'ACf ,s FNSt€1)GfW)[ ff FIGtEDA.OOR I·: ..• ·. , .-'. l ,..., MeUOfPft If TOPOf FOOTING , ............ J ,,-80rT<JM Of FOOTING IC IOP(lfaffl TG fOPOf OAAIE TW TOPCY!WM.l. fi ft()f,\tM HI' HICHIQII rs TOPOf S!EP SW IIOTTOMOfWAU 81.0G BlAOHl SO STOA.I ORAi< ss ---SOR31) SANDEGOSf-~ORAM«iS EXISfNi CONCRETE OONCIUE PAYEM(NT LN<OOCAPING CONCllE1E Clfl8 RIIBONC>JTTER AElAtll<GWAU BIADNGY'IAU. 8UUllNG O\'Ei.w«l POOl'ERIYUN[ VJl lllUTY PAOPOSED SPOl ELEVAJl()N EJOSTJNG SPOT EtEW.TlOH >£.fl_,"f(.;10, rA,t..'£.."""leW -O _ B I -ii/Ii I .:J :· :L_c.Lx:'S:: ~-~""J r41:,ur.:u roocru:~~or, ~ '-..,I . ,-J ~_ ,~ ~!) -- 0 A r SEDIMENT & EROSION CONTROL NOTES: • PROJECT IS A RISK LEVEL 2 • ENSURE EFFECTIVE INLET PROTECTION • ENSURE EFFECTIVE TRACKING CONTROL • ENSURE EFFECTIVE PERIMETER CONTROL ENSURE EFFECTIVE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT LEGEND INLET PROTECTION CONTROLLED ENTRANCE I EXIT GRAVEL BAG BERM • ENSURE EFFECTIVE CONCRETE WASTE MANAGEMENT • ENSURE EFFECTIVE SANITARY WASTE MANAGEMENT C~s T..,.., .... ,......n,..., . ~ ....... -.., .._,...._~ .. , .. __.,. -....,_ 20 0 20 40 P'L---i CRA.PHIC SCALE EJ[ CllY OF CARLSBAD ILJ OMlOPMENT PERl,IJT FOR BMW OF CARLSBAD SEDIMENT AND EROSION CONTROL PLAN ADDRESS: 1060 AUTO CENTER CT CARLSBAD, CA 92008 UJ z* • , "' ~ C. C' O :E ~ .. , ■-C: (J ·-> 0 u i I .. , , d~ !I z H q ;: (¥ : I ! I j it i. l if 1 ® 1 " : 2 j © ~ 0 ~ f ~ ]• • i ® j l j ® d 1 j l i I U) 0 c .c 0. -«a ·-.. . a, C co 0 0 N °' 6 -0 _g Vl -.: : : : a t' ::: , 8 ~ .. . , C a .8 ::: , <( 0 I.O 0 rl 120.5ft 110ft Start \ \ Topo Map \ \ ---- Scale! 1.800 ==:.. ~-~---. . ~ . ... ... . .. 1"•1500ft Data Zoom 16-7 ~•n•sllj 10011 -l---------"T""---------.-----------.---------,-----------r---1 Om, 80ft 16011 240ft 320ft 400114177ft Lin 01st: 415.2 ft Te,r Disr. 417.7 II Elev Gain: 16.2 ft Avg Grade: 5 Climb Elev: 18.011 Dese Elev: 1. 7 ft Max. Elev: 120.5 ft Mon. Elev: 102.5 fl CHmb Dtst: 330 3 ft Desc 01st: 67 .3 ft * N W E ' s N Topo Map -~, ,~ . s \ Scale1 .UOO 1"• 133.3ft DalaZoan17-0 115.7 It .----, !.""Sil_ 11011 100ft -+--------,--------..---------,---------,.---------,--------...... ----1 0ml 8011 160 ft 24011 320ft 40011 480 ft 507.5 ft Lon 01$1: 505.9 ft Terr Dist 507.5 ft Elev Gain; 5.3 ft Avg Grade: 3 Climb Elev; 9 6 ft Desc Elev: 4.4 ft Max. Elev· 115 7 ft Min. Elev: 106.4 ft Climb Dist: 256.6 ft Oesc Dist 251.0 ft N Topo Map -~, s Can~Rd / /""'' Salle 1 1,1500 : .... M----=-IA ~ • ,$ '1 K .. • 1·-133.3 ft Data Zoom 17-0 106.5 ti Cannon Rd 10011 9011 -1-------r-------r-------,-------,r------,--------.------.-----i 0ml son 160 ft 240ft 320ft 400ft 480ft 56011 615.1 ft Lin Dist: 614.8 ft Terr Dist: 615. 1 ft Elev Gain: -3.7 ft Avg Grade: 2 Climb Elt11: 5.6 ft Desc Elev. 9.4 ft Max. Elev. 106.5 fl Min. Elev. 97.1 n Climb Dist 2$3. 7 ft Desc Dist 361.3 ft 124.6ft 120ft 110ft Topo Map \ ' .. . . Scale 1 2,000 : : ~. n---~ • 1· • 166.7 ft Data Zoom 16.6 100ft ..,;.--------.---------.--------...... ---------r---------r----------1 Omi 80ft 160n 240 ft 320ft 400ft 496.6 n LJn Dist 495.9 ft Terr Dist 496.6 n Elev Gain: 23.6 n Avg Grade: 4 Climb Elev: 23.6 ft Dese Elev: 0.1 ft Max. Elev: 124.6 ft Min. Elev: 101 Oft Climb Dist: 490.4 ft Dese Dlst 6.1 n 4 N W E ' s 125 3ft 120ft 110ft ·Auto Center Ct Topo Map ~ Ct-""' Ct \ . . :--. Scale 1 · 1.l!OO -,l!I .. _, ~ ---. ---1· • 133.3 ft Data Zoom 17-0 Auto Center Ct 100ft --==:._-------,.---------'"T"'--------.----------r--------,---7 Omt 80ft 160ft 240ft 320ft 400ft 4422ft L,n Dist. 441 2 n Terr Dist• 442.2 ft Elev Gain: 23.9 ft Avg Grade: 5 Chmb Elev: 24.8 fl Oesc Elev: 0.9 n Max. Elev: 125.3 ft Min. Elev: 100.7 It Climb Dist: 361.0 ft Desc Dist: 81.2 ft N . ~F· s .. .. CD\Commercial Develapment Resources • Appendix C: Permit Registration Documents .. • • .. • - .. • .. -.. -.. .. • • .. • SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 75 April 20/9 -.. • • C~C0fflfflllfCial Develclpnent Resources Permit Registration Documents included in this Appendix YIN Permit Registration Document y Notice of Intent N Risk Assessment N Certification N Post Construction Water Balance N Copy of Annual Fee Receipt N A TS Design Documents N Site Map, see Appendix B SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 76 April 2019 • .. ----------_, ----., -.. -• ---------• ------ -- • .. -Appendix D: SWPPP Amendment Certifications -- • .. • - • -- • • .. .. -- • .. • .. • • • • SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 77 April 2019 • • • SWPPP Amendment No. Project Name: BMW Carlsbad Project Number: Qualified SWPPP Developer's Certification of the Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan Amendment "This Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan and attachments were prepared under my direction to meet the requirements of the California Construction General Permit (SWRCB Order No. 2009-009-DWQ as amended by 2010-0014-DWQ). I certify that I am a Qualified SWPPP Developer in good standing as of the date signed below." QSD's Signature Date QSDName QSD Certificate Number Title and Affiliation Telephone Address Email SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 78 April 2019 .. .. --------.. ---.. ----- • • • - -------- --.. ---C--...Commercial a,(l[=:nt --Appendix E: Submitted Changes to PRDs -- -- ----.. .. ------- ---.. --SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 79 April 2019 - --- Log of Updated PRDs ---~=:. IIW<Rescuces The General Permit allows for the reduction or increase of the total acreage covered under the General Permit when a portion of the project is complete and/or conditions for termination of coverage have been met; when ownership of a portion of the project is purchased by a different entity; or when new acreage is added to the project. Modified PRDs shall be filed electronically within 30 days of a reduction or increase in total disturbed area if a change in permit covered acreage is to be sought. The SWPPP shall be modified appropriately, with revisions and amendments recorded in Appendix C. Updated PRDs submitted electronically via SMARTS can be found in this Appendix. This appendix includes all of the following updated PRDs (check all that apply): D Revised Notice oflntent (NOI); □Revised Site Map; D Revised Risk Assessment; D New landowner's information (name, address, phone number, email address); and D New signed certification statement. Legally Responsible Person Signature of Legally Responsible Person or Approved Signatory Name of Legally Responsible Person or Approved Signatory SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 80 Date Telephone Number April 2019 -~---·---•--"' -• -------------------., -., ---., ---------- CD\Cammercial Development Resources Appendix F: Construction Schedule SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 81 • April 2019 Appendix G:Construction Activities, Materials Used, and Associated Pollutants SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 82 April 2019 .. • .. " .. ,. • .. -- ------------.. ----- - .. -- • .. .. .. .. • - Table G.a POLLUTANTS ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES General Work Activity/ Specific Work Activity/Products With Products With Potential Pollutant Categories Stormwater Pollutants Potential Stormwater Pollutants Adhesives • Adhesives, glues, resins, epoxy synthetics, Oil and Grease, Synthetic PVC cement Organics1 • Caulks, scalers, putty, scaling agents and • Coal tars (naphtha, pitch) Asphalt paving/curbs • Hot and cold mix asphalt Oil and Grease Cleaners • Polishes (metal, ceramic, tile) Metals, Synthetic Organics • Etching agents • Cleaners, ammonia, lye, caustic sodas, bleaching agents and chromate salts Concrete / Masonry • Cement and brick dust Metals, Synthetic Organics • Colored chalks • Concrete curing compounds • Glazing compounds • Surfaces cleaners • Saw cut slurries • Tile cutting Drywall • Saw-cutting drywall Metals Framing/Carpentry • Sawdust, particle board dust, and treated Metals, Synthetic Organics woods • Saw cut slurries Heating, Ventilation, Air • Demolition or construction of air condition Metals, Synthetic Organics Conditioning and heating systems Insulation • Demolition or construction involving Metals, Synthetic Organics insulation, venting systems Liquid waste • Wash waters Metals, Synthetic Organics • hTigation line testing/flushing Painting • Paint thinners, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone, Metals, Synthetic Organics stripper paints, lacquers, varnish, enamels, turpentine, gum spirit, solvents, dyes, striooing pigments and sanding Planting/ Vegetation Management • Vegetation control (pesticides/herbicides) Nutrients, Metals, • Planting Synthetic Organics • Plant maintenance • Vegetation removal Plumbing • Solder (lead, tin), flux (zinc chloride), pipe Metals, Synthetic Organics fitting • Galvanized metal in nails, fences, and electric wiring Pools/fountains • Chlorinated water Synthetic Organics Removal of existing structures • Demolition of asphalt, concrete, masonry, Metals, Oil and Grease, framing, roofing, metal structures . Synthetic Organics SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 83 April 2019 • C~Commercial Development Resources Table G.a POLLUTANTS ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITIES General Work Activity/ Specific Work Activity/Products With Products With Potential Pollutant Categories Stormwatcr Pollutants Potential Stormwater Pollutants Roofing • Flashing Metals, Oil and Grease, • Saw cut slurries (tile cutting) Synthetic Organics • Shingle scrap and debris Sanitary waste • P01table toilets Nutrients • Disturbance of existing sewer lines. Soil preparation/amendments • Use of soil additives/amendments Nutrients Solid waste • Litter, trash and debris Gross Pollutants • Vegetation Utility line testing and flushing • Hydrostatic test water Synthetic Organics • Pipe flushing Vehicle and equipment use • Equipment operation Oil and Grease • Equipment maintenance • Equipment washing • Equipment fueling 1 Synthetic Organics are defined in Table 1.2 of the CASQA Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal: Construction as adhesives, cleaners, sealants, solvents, etc. These are generally categorized as VOCs or SVOCs. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 84 April 2019 -------- ---------• ------- ----- ---- ----------.. --- --------- --- -.. --.. - Table G.1 Phase CD\Cammercial Oavelopment Resources Construction Activities and Associated Pollutants Activity Associated Materials or Pollutants Pollutant Category<•> (!)Categories per CASQA BMP Handbook (i.e., Sediment, Nutrients, Bacteria and Viruses, Oil and Grease, Metals, Synthetic Organics, Pesticides, Gross Pollutants, and Vector Production) SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 85 April 2019 CD\Cammercial Davelapment Resources Appendix H:CASQA Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal: Construction Fact Sheets SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 86 April 2019 -------------------------------------- ,. .. • .. 4 .. ., .. Scheduling Description and Purpose Scheduling is the development of a written plan that includes sequencing of construction activities and the implementation of BMPs such as erosion control and sediment control while taking local climate (rainfall, wind, etc.) into consideration. The purpose is to reduce the amount and duration of soil exposed to erosion by wind, rain, runoff, and vehicle tracking, and to perform the construction activities and control practices in accordance with the planned schedule. Suitable Applications Proper sequencing of construction activities to reduce erosion potential should be incorporated into the schedule of every construction project especially during rainy season. Use of other, more costly yet less effective, erosion and sediment control BMPs may often be reduced through proper construction sequencing. Limitations ■ Environmental constraints such as nesting season prohibitions reduce the full capabilities of this BMP. Implementation ■ Avoid rainy periods. Schedule major grading operations during dry months when practical. Allow enough time before rainfall begins to stabilize the soil with vegetation or physical means or to install sediment trapping devices. ■ Plan the project and develop a schedule showing each phase of construction. Clearly show how the rainy season relates November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www .casqa.org EC-1 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: @ Primary Objective ~ Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None @ ~ ~ ~ If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CALIFORNIA STORMWATER (H \ I t ! l 4. "''tit l ~ !0'\, 1 of 3 Scheduling EC-1 to soil disturbing and re-stabilization activities. Incorporate the construction schedule into theSWPPP. ■ Include on the schedule, details on the rainy season implementation and deployment of: Erosion control BMPs Sediment control BMPs Tracking control BMPs Wind erosion control BMPs Non-stormwater BMPs Waste management and materials pollution control BMPs ■ Include dates for activities that may require non-stormwater discharges such as dewatering, sawcutting, grinding, drilling, boring, crushing, blasting, painting, hydro-demolition, mortar mixing, pavement cleaning, etc. ■ Work out the sequencing and timetable for the start and completion of each item such as site clearing and grubbing, grading, excavation, paving, foundation pouring utilities installation, etc., to minimize the active construction area during the rainy season. Sequence trenching activities so that most open portions are closed before new trenching begins. Incorporate staged seeding and re-vegetation of graded slopes as work progresses. Schedule establishment of permanent vegetation during appropriate planting time for specified vegetation. ■ Non-active areas should be stabilized as soon as practical after the cessation of soil disturbing activities or one day prior to the onset of precipitation. ■ Monitor the weather forecast for rainfall. ■ When rainfall is predicted, adjust the construction schedule to allow the implementation of soil stabilization and sediment treatment controls on all disturbed areas prior to the onset of rain. ■ Be prepared year round to deploy erosion control and sediment control BMPs. Erosion may be caused during dry seasons by un-seasonal rainfall, wind, and vehicle tracking. Keep the site stabilized year round, and retain and maintain rainy season sediment trapping devices in operational condition. ■ Apply permanent erosion control to areas deemed substantially complete during the project's defined seeding window. Costs Construction scheduling to reduce erosion may increase other construction costs due to reduced economies of scale in performing site grading. The cost effectiveness of scheduling techniques should be compared with the other less effective erosion and sedimentation controls to achieve a cost effective balance. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 3 .. ► • • .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. ... .. -.. • .. .. .. -----.. --.. - Scheduling EC-1 Inspection and Maintenance ■ Verify that work is progressing in accordance with the schedule. If progress deviates, take corrective actions. ■ Amend the schedule when changes are warranted. ■ Amend the schedule prior to the rainy season to show updated information on the deployment and implementation of construction site BMPs. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices (EPA 832-R-92-005), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, September 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 3 Preservation Of Existing Vegetation EC-2 Description and Purpose Carefully planned preservation of existing vegetation minimizes the potential of removing or injuring existing trees, vines, shrubs, and grasses that protect soil from erosion. Suitable Applications Preservation of existing vegetation is suitable for use on most projects. Large project sites often provide the greatest opportunity for use of this BMP. Suitable applications include the following: ■ Areas within the site where no construction activity occurs, or occurs at a later date. This BMP is especially suitable to multi year projects where grading can be phased. ■ Areas where natural vegetation exists and is designated for preservation. Such areas often include steep slopes, watercourse, and building sites in wooded areas. ■ Areas where local, state, and federal government require preservation, such as vernal pools, wetlands, marshes, certain oak trees, etc. These areas are usually designated on the plans, or in the specifications, permits, or environmental documents. ■ Where vegetation designated for ultimate removal can be temporarily preserved and be utilized for erosion control and sediment control. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control Waste Management and WM Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Obj ective ~ Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUrOIINIA STORMWATCR Qt 4 Ill ~~ Ot 10, 1 of 4 -... -.. .. .. --.. .. --.. • .. • • - • • - • .. - -• Preservation Of Existing Vegetation EC-2 Limitations ■ Requires forward planning by the owner/developer, contractor, and design staff . ■ Limited opportunities for use when project plans do not incorporate existing vegetation into the site design . ■ For sites with diverse topography, it is often difficult and expensive to save existing trees while grading the site satisfactory for the planned development. Implementation The best way to prevent erosion is to not disturb the land. In order to reduce the impacts of new development and redevelopment, projects may be designed to avoid disturbing land in sensitive areas of the site (e.g., natural watercourses, steep slopes), and to incorporate unique or desirable existing vegetation into the site's landscaping plan. Clearly marking and leaving a buffer area around these unique areas during construction will help to preserve these areas as well as take advantage of natural erosion prevention and sediment trapping. Existing vegetation to be preserved on the site must be protected from mechanical and other injury while the land is being developed. The purpose of protecting existing vegetation is to ensure the survival of desirable vegetation for shade, beautification, and erosion control. Mature vegetation has extensive root systems that help to hold soil in place, thus reducing erosion. In addition, vegetation helps keep soil from drying rapidly and becoming susceptible to erosion. To effectively save existing vegetation, no disturbances of any kind should be allowed within a defined area around the vegetation. For trees, no construction activity should occur within the drip line of the tree . Timing ■ Provide for preservation of existing vegetation prior to the commencement of clearing and grubbing operations or other soil disturbing activities in areas where no construction activity is planned or will occur at a later date. Design and Layout ■ Mark areas to be preserved with temporary fencing. Include sufficient setback to protect roots. -Orange colored plastic mesh fencing works well. -Use appropriate fence posts and adequate post spacing and depth to completely support the fence in an upright position . ■ Locate temporary roadways, stockpiles, and layout areas to avoid stands of trees, shrubs, and grass . ■ Consider the impact of grade changes to existing vegetation and the root zone. ■ Maintain existing irrigation systems where feasible. Temporary irrigation may be required . ■ Instruct employees and subcontractors to honor protective devices. Prohibit heavy equipment, vehicular traffic, or storage of construction materials within the protected area. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www .casqa.org 2 of 4 Preservation Of Existing Vegetation EC-2 Costs There is little cost associated with preserving existing vegetation if properly planned during the project design, and these costs may be offset by aesthetic benefits that enhance property values. During construction, the cost for preserving existing vegetation will likely be less than the cost of applying erosion and sediment controls to the disturbed area. Replacing vegetation inadvertently destroyed during construction can be extremely expensive, sometimes in excess of $10,000 per tree. Inspection and Maintenance During construction, the limits of disturbance should remain clearly marked at all times. Irrigation or maintenance of existing vegetation should be described in the landscaping plan. If damage to protected trees still occurs, maintenance guidelines described below should be followed: ■ Verify that protective measures remain in place. Restore damaged protection measures immediately. ■ Serious tree injuries shall be attended to by an arborist. ■ Damage to the crown, trunk, or root system of a retained tree shall be repaired immediately. ■ Trench as far from tree trunks as possible, usually outside of the tree drip line or canopy. Curve trenches around trees to avoid large roots or root concentrations. If roots are encountered, consider tunneling under them. When trenching or tunneling near or under trees to be retained, place tunnels at least 18 in. below the ground surface, and not below the tree center to minimize impact on the roots. ■ Do not leave tree roots exposed to air. Cover exposed roots with soil as soon as possible. If soil covering is not practical, protect exposed roots with wet burlap or peat moss until the tunnel or trench is ready for backfill. ■ Cleanly remove the ends of damaged roots with a smooth cut. ■ Fill trenches and tunnels as soon as possible. Careful filling and tamping will eliminate air spaces in the soil, which can damage roots. ■ If bark damage occurs, cut back all loosened bark into the undamaged area, with the cut tapered at the top and bottom and drainage provided at the base of the wood. Limit cutting the undamaged area as much as possible. ■ Aerate soil that has been compacted over a trees root zone by punching holes 12 in. deep with an iron bar, and moving the bar back and forth until the soil is loosened. Place holes 18 in. apart throughout the area of compacted soil under the tree crown. ■ Fertilization -Fertilize stressed or damaged broadleaf trees to aid recovery. -Fertilize trees in the late fall or early spring. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 4 ----- ---- ---- --- .. ---------------- Preservation Of Existing Vegetation EC-2 Apply fertilizer to the soil over the feeder roots and in accordance with label instructions, but never closer than 3 ft to the trunk. Increase the fertilized area by one-fourth of the crown area for conifers that have extended root systems. ■ Retain protective measures until all other construction activity is complete to avoid damage during site cleanup and stabilization. References County of Sacramento Tree Preservation Ordinance, September 1981. Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management of the Puget Sound Basin, Technical Manual, Publication #91-75, Washington State Department of Ecology, February 1992. Water Quality Management Plan for The Lake Tahoe Region, Volume II, Handbook of Management Practices, Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, November 1988. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 4 of 4 Soil Preparation/Roughening Description and Purpose Soil Preparation/Roughening involves assessment and preparation of surface soils for BMP installation. This can include soil testing (for seed base, soil characteristics, or nutrients), as well as roughening surface soils by mechanical methods (including sheepsfoot rolling, track walking, scarifying, stair stepping, and imprinting) to prepare soil for additional BMPs, or to break up sheet flow. Soil Preparation can also involve tilling topsoil to prepare a seed bed and/ or incorporation of soil amendments, to enhance vegetative establishment. Suitable Applicat ions Soil preparation: Soil preparation is essential to proper vegetative establishment. In particular, soil preparation (i.e. tilling, raking, and amendment) is suitable for use in combination with any soil stabilization method, including RECPs or sod. Soil preparation should not be confused with roughening. Roughening: Soil roughening is generally referred to as track walking (sometimes called imprinting) a slope, where treads from heavy equipment run parallel to the contours of the slope and act as mini terraces. Soil preparation is most effective when used in combination with erosion controls. Soil Roughening is suitable for use as a complementary process for controlling erosion on a site. Roughening is not intended to be used as a stand-alone BMP, and should be used with perimeter controls, additional erosion control measures, grade breaks, and vegetative establishment for maximum effectiveness. Roughening is intended to only affect surface soils and should not compromise slope stability or overall compaction. Suitable applications for soil roughening include: November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org EC-15 Categories EC Erosion Control 0 SE Sediment Control IE] TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Category IE] Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment 0 Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives EC-3 Hydraulic Mulch EC-5 Soil Binders EC-7 Geotextiles and Mats If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUTORNIA STOll~IWATUI. U\.i." n· -'"~t.11. •-'• a!'I. 1 of 4 ... .. .. .. .. .. -.. ... - -.. - - • -.. - "" -.. - -.. .. -- Soil Preparation/ Roughening EC-15 ■ Along any disturbed slopes, including temporary stockpiles, sediment basins, or compacted soil diversion berms and swales . ■ Roughening should be used in combination with hydraulically applied stabilization methods, compost blanket, or straw mulch; but should not be used in combination with RECPs or sod because roughening is intended to leave terraces on the slope . Limitations ■ Preparation and roughening must take place prior to installing other erosion controls (such as hydraulically applied stabilizers) or sediment controls (such as fiber rolls) on the faces of slopes. ■ In such cases where slope preparation is minimal, erosion controlf revegetation BMPs that do not require extensive soil preparation -such as hydraulic mulching and seeding applications -should be employed . ■ Consideration should be given to the type of erosion control BMP that follows surface preparation, as some BMPs are not designed to be installed over various types of tillage/roughening, i.e., RECPs (erosion control blankets) should not be used with soil roughening due to a "bridging" effect, which suspends the blanket above the seed bed. ■ Surface roughness has an effect on the amount of mulch material that needs to be applied, which shows up as a general increase in mulch material due to an increase in surface area (Topographic Index-see EC-3 Hydraulic Mulching). Implementation ■ Additional guidance on the comparison and selection of temporary slope stabilization methods is provided in Appendix F of the Handbook. General A roughened surface can significantly reduce erosion. Based on tests done at the San Diego State Erosion Research Laboratory, various roughening techniques on slopes can result in a 12 - 76% reduction in the erosion rate versus smooth slopes. Materials Minimal materials are required unless amendments and/ or seed are added to the soil. The majority of soil roughening/preparation can be done with equipment that is on hand at a normal construction site, such as bull dozers and compaction equipment. Installation Guidelines Soil Preparation ■ Where appropriate or feasible, soil should be prepared to receive the seed by disking or otherwise scarifying the surface to eliminate crust, improve air and water infiltration and create a more favorable environment for germination and growth. ■ Based upon soil testing conducted, apply additional soil amendments ( e.g. fertilizers, additional seed) to the soil to help with germination. Follow EC-4, Hydroseeding, when selecting and applying seed and fertilizers . November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www .casqa.org 2 of 4 Soil Preparation/ Roughening EC-15 Cut Slope Roughening: ■ Stair-step grade or groove the cut slopes that are steeper than 3:1. ■ Use stair-step grading on any erodible material soft enough to be ripped with a bulldozer. Slopes consisting of soft rock with some subsoil are particularly suited to stair-step grading. ■ Make the vertical cut distance less than the horizontal distance, and slightly slope the horizontal position of the "step" in toward the vertical wall. ■ Do not make individual vertical cuts more than 2 feet (o.6 m) high in soft materials or more than 3 feet (0.9 m) high in rocky materials. ■ Groove the slope using machinery to create a series of ridges and depressions that run across the slope, on the contour. Fill Slope Roughening: ■ Place on fill slopes with a gradient steeper than 3:1 in lifts not to exceed 8 inches (0.2 m), and make sure each lift is properly compacted. ■ Ensure that the face of the slope consists of loose, uncompacted fill 4-6 inches ( 0.1-0.2 m) deep. ■ Use grooving or tracking to roughen the face of the slopes, if necessary. ■ Do not blade or scrape the final slope face. Roughening for Slopes to be Mowed: ■ Slopes which require mowing activities should not be steeper than 3:1. ■ Roughen these areas to shallow grooves by track walking, scarifying, sheepsfoot rolling, or imprinting. ■ Make grooves close together (less than 10 inches), and not less than 1 inch deep, and perpendicular to the direction of runoff (i.e., parallel to the slope contours). ■ Excessive roughness is undesirable where mowing is planned. Roughening With Tracked Machinery: ■ Limit roughening with tracked machinery to soils with a sandy textural component to avoid undue compaction of the soil surface. ■ Operate tracked machinery up and down the slope to leave horizontal depressions in the soil. Do not back-blade during the final grading operation. ■ Seed and mulch roughened areas as soon as possible to obtain optimum seed germination and growth. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www .casqa.org 3 of 4 -• --- --------- -- ------------- ---- Soil Preparation/Roughening EC-15 Costs Costs are based on the additional labor of tracking or preparation of the slope plus the cost of any required soil amendment materials. Inspection and Maintenance ■ BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Check the seeded slopes for signs of erosion such as rills and gullies. Fill these areas slightly above the original grade, then reseed and mulch as soon as possible. ■ Inspect BMPs weekly during normal operations, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. References Soil Stabilization BMP Research for Erosion and Sediment Controls: Cost Survey Technical Memorandum, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), July 2007. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 4 of 4 Silt Fence Description and Purpose A silt fence is made of a woven geotextile that has been entrenched, attached to supporting poles, and sometimes backed by a plastic or wire mesh for support. The silt fence detains water, promoting sedimentation of coarse sediment behind the fence. Silt fence does not retain soil fine particles like clays or silts. Suitable Applications Silt fences are suitable for perimeter control, placed below areas where sheet flows discharge from the site. They could also be used as interior controls below disturbed areas where runoff may occur in the form of sheet and rill erosion and around inlets within disturbed areas (SE-10). Silt fences should not be used in locations where the flow is concentrated. Silt fences should always be used in combination with erosion controls. Suitable applications include: ■ At perimeter of a project. ■ Below the toe or down slope of exposed and erodible slopes. ■ Along streams and channels. ■ Around temporary spoil areas and stockpiles. ■ Around inlets. ■ Below other small cleared areas. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org SE-1 Categories EC SE TC WE NS Erosion Control Sediment Control Tracking Control Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater Management Control Waste Management and WM Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Category ~ Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment (coarse sediment) Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives SE-5 Fiber Rolls SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm SE-12 Manufactured Linear Sediment Controls SE-13 Compost Socks and Berms SE-14 Biofilter Bags If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUFOllNIA STORMWATI!R . 1 of 9 .. .. - .. --- - .. - - • • - -- - • -.. -.. - • .. • Silt Fence SE-1 Limitations ■ Do not use in streams, channels, drain inlets, or anywhere flow is concentrated . ■ Do not use in locations where ponded water may cause a flooding hazard. ■ Do not use silt fence to divert water flows or place across any contour line. ■ Improperly installed fences are subject to failure from undercutting, overtopping, or collapsing. ■ Must be trenched and keyed in. ■ Not intended for use as a substitute for Fiber Rolls (SE-5), when fiber rolls are being used as a slope interruption device. ■ Do not use on slopes subject to creeping, slumping, or landslides . Implementation General A silt fence is a temporary sediment barrier consisting of woven geotextile stretched across and attached to supporting posts, trenched-in, and, depending upon the strength of fabric used, supported with plastic or wire mesh fence. Silt fences trap coarse sediment by intercepting and detaining sediment-laden runoff from disturbed areas in order to promote sedimentation behind the fence. The following layout and installation guidance can improve performance and should be followed: ■ Silt fence should be used in combination with erosion controls up-slope in order to provide the most effective sediment control. ■ Silt fence alone is not effective at reducing turbidity. (Barrett and Malina, 2004) ■ Designers should consider diverting sediment laden water to a temporary sediment basin or trap. (EPA, 2012) ■ Use principally in areas where sheet flow occurs. ■ Install along a level contour, so water does not pond more than 1.5 ft at any point along the silt fence . ■ Provide sufficient room for runoff to pond behind the fence and to allow sediment removal equipment to pass between the silt fence and toes of slopes or other obstructions. About 1200 ft2 of ponding area should be provided for every acre draining to the fence. ■ Efficiency of silt fences is primarily dependent on the detention time of the runoff behind the control. (Barrett and Malina, 2004) ■ The drainage area above any fence should not exceed a quarter of an acre. (Rule of Thumb- 100-feet of silt fence per 10,000 square feet of disturbed area.) (EPA 2012) July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 9 Silt Fence SE-1 ■ The maximum length of slope draining to any point along the silt fence should be 100 ft per foot of silt fence. ■ Turn the ends of the filter fence uphill to prevent storm water from flowing around the fence. ■ Leave an undisturbed or stabilized area immediately down slope from the fence where feasible. ■ Silt fences should remain in place until the disturbed area draining to the silt fence is permanently stabilized, after which, the silt fence fabric and posts should be removed and properly disposed. ■ J-Hooks, which have ends turning up the slope to break up long runs offence and provide multiple storage areas that work like mini-retention areas, may be used to increase the effectiveness of silt fence. ■ Be aware of local regulations regarding the type and installation requirements of silt fence, which may differ from those presented in this fact sheet. Design and Layout In areas where high winds are anticipated the fence should be supported by a plastic or wire mesh. The geotextile fabric of the silt fence should contain ultraviolet inhibitors and stabilizers to provide longevity equivalent to the project life or replacement schedule. ■ Layout in accordance with the attached figures. ■ For slopes that contain a high number of rocks or large dirt clods that tend to dislodge, it may be necessary to protect silt fence from rocks ( e.g., rockfall netting) ensure the integrity of the silt fence installation. Standard vs. Heavy Duty Silt Fence Standard Silt Fence ■ Generally applicable in cases where the area draining to fence produces moderate sediment loads. Heavy Duty Silt Fence ■ Heavy duty silt fence usually has 1 or more of the following characteristics, not possessed by standard silt fence. o Fabric is reinforced with wire backing or additional support. o Posts are spaced closer than pre-manufactured, standard silt fence products. ■ Use is generally limited to areas affected by high winds. ■ Area draining to fence produces moderate sediment loads. Materials Standard Silt Fence ■ Silt fence material should be woven geotextile with a minimum width of 36 in. The fabric should conform to the requirements in ASTM designation D6461. ■ Wooden stakes should be commercial quality lumber of the size and shape shown on the plans. Each stake should be free from decay, splits or cracks longer than the July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 9 • ------------- ------------ ---.. ----- - ... .. - .. .. • .. .. .. - .. .. • .. -- - • -.. --... .. Silt Fence SE-1 thickness of the stake or other defects that would weaken the stakes and cause the stakes to be structurally unsuitable. ■ Staples used to fasten the fence fabric to the stakes should be not less than 1. 75 in . long and should be fabricated from 15 gauge or heavier wire. The wire used to fasten the tops of the stakes together when joining two sections of fence should be 9 gauge or heavier wire. Galvanizing of the fastening wire will not be required. Heavy-Duty Silt Fence ■ Some silt fence has a wire backing to provide additional support, and there are products that may use prefabricated plastic holders for the silt fence and use metal posts instead of wood stakes . Installation Guidelines -Traditional Method Silt fences are to be constructed on a level contour. Sufficient area should exist behind the fence for ponding to occur without flooding or overtopping the fence. ■ A trench should be excavated approximately 6 in. wide and 6 in. deep along the line of the proposed silt fence (trenches should not be excavated wider or deeper than necessary for proper silt fence installation) . ■ Bottom of the silt fence should be keyed-in a minimum of 12 in. ■ Posts should be spaced a maximum of 6 ft apart and driven securely into the ground a minimum of 18 in. or 12 in. below the bottom of the trench . ■ When standard strength geotextile is used, a plastic or wire mesh support fence should be fastened securely to the upslope side of posts using heavy-duty wire staples at least 1 in. long. The mesh should extend into the trench . ■ When extra-strength geotextile and closer post spacing are used, the mesh support fence may be eliminated. ■ Woven geotextile should be purchased in a long roll, then cut to the length of the barrier. When joints are necessary, geotextile should be spliced together only at a support post, with a minimum 6 in. overlap and both ends securely fastened to the post. ■ The trench should be backfilled with native material and compacted. ■ Construct the length of each reach so that the change in base elevation along the reach does not exceed 1/3 the height of the barrier; in no case should the reach exceed 500 ft. ■ Cross barriers should be a minimum of 1/3 and a maximum of½ the height of the linear barrier. ■ See typical installation details at the end of this fact sheet . July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org 4 of 9 Silt Fence SE-1 Installation Guidelines -Static Slicing Method ■ Static Slicing is defined as insertion of a narrow blade pulled behind a tractor, similar to a plow blade, at least 10 inches into the soil while at the same time pulling silt geotextile fabric into the ground through the opening created by the blade to the depth of the blade. Once the geotextile is installed, the soil is compacted using tractor tires. ■ This method will not work with pre-fabricated, wire backed silt fence. ■ Benefits: o Ease of installation (most often done with a 2 person crew). o Minimal soil disturbance. o Better level of compaction along fence, less susceptible to undercutting o Uniform installation. ■ Limitations: o Does not work in shallow or rocky soils. o Complete removal of geotextile material after use is difficult. o Be cautious when digging near potential underground utilities. Costs ■ It should be noted that costs vary greatly across regions due to available supplies and labor costs. ■ Average annual cost for installation using the traditional silt fence installation method (assumes 6 month useful life) is $7 per linear foot based on vendor research. Range of cost is $3.50 -$9.10 per linear foot. Inspection and Maintenance ■ BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Repair undercut silt fences. ■ Repair or replace split, torn, slumping, or weathered fabric. The lifespan of silt fence fabric is generally 5 to 8 months. ■ Silt fences that are damaged and become unsuitable for the intended purpose should be removed from the site of work, disposed, and replaced with new silt fence barriers. ■ Sediment that accumulates in the BMP should be periodically removed in order to maintain BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when the sediment accumulation reaches 1/3 of the barrier height. ■ Silt fences should be left in place until the upgradient area is permanently stabilized. Until then, the silt fence should be inspected and maintained regularly. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org 5 of 9 -• --- ---- ------ -------------.. ----- Silt Fence SE-1 ■ Remove silt fence when upgradient areas are stabilized. Fill and compact post holes and anchor trench, remove sediment accumulation, grade fence alignment to blend with adjacent ground, and stabilize disturbed area. References Manual of Standards of Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, Association of Bay Area Governments, May 1995. Monitoring Data on Effectiveness of Sediment Control Techniques, Proceedings of World Water and Environmental Resources Congress, Barrett M. and Malina J. 2004. National Management Measures to Control Nonpoint Source Pollution from Urban Areas, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2002. Proposed Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Sources ofNonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters, Work Group-Working Paper, USEPA, April 1992. Sedimentation and Erosion Control Practices, and Inventory of Current Practices (Draft), USEPA, 1990. Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission (SWRPC). Costs of Urban Nonpoint Source Water Pollution Control Measures. Technical Report No. 31. Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission, Waukesha, WI. 1991. Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management Manual for The Puget Sound Basin, Washington State Department of Ecology, Public Review Draft, 1991. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Stormwater Best Management Practices: Silt Fences. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, DC, 2012. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Stormwater Management for Industrial Activities: Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, DC, 1992. Water Quality Management Plan for the Lake Tahoe Region, Volume II, Handbook of Management Practices, Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, November 1988. Soil Stabilization BMP Research for Erosion and Sediment Controls: Cost Survey Technical Memorandum, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), July 2007. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org 6 of 9 '-' C: -<' N 0 .... N n ~ ~ .., :::, iii' (/) ,..,. 0 .., :E n 3 :E O :E :E :::, ~ • "' (1) n,..,. .., OJ .., "' C: CJ ..o n 3: ?-' g: -0 ~:::, :I: '° OJ :::, C. CT 0 0 7' "O 0 ;:i. ~ 'J 0 ...., ID Cross borrler (See note • 0) NO"!ES 4 _j i I / Cross borrler- Optional maintenance opening detaa SILT FENCE 1. Construct tho length of ooch reoc:h ao tnot the cl-onge n boae elevation olong the reach does not exceed 1/J the !}fight of the llnecr barrier, In no case aholl tho -eoc:11 length oxceod 500. 2. The lost 8'-o• or fance lholl be turned up slope. 3. Sta"• dimensions ore nomlnol. 4. Dmeneion may vary ~o ft field condition. 5. Stakea llhaH oe spaced ot 8'-0" maxi'num and shall be positioned O"l downs:reom side of fence. 6. StckH to o..-,ap ard fence fabrlc to fald cround eoeh stoke one fu I turr. Secure 'obrfc to ttcke •Ith ◄ staple,. 7. Slakes liholl be driwn ti9hlly lagelher lo pre,,ent potential now-throu~h of Hdinent al joint, The lops of 1ht stakes shall ~e secured with wre. B. For end etake. fence fobrle shall be folded a·ound t•o a tokes ore full tum aid secred with 4 stople1. 9. M'ninum 4 stcplos pe• stoke. Dimensions shown ore tr:,teal. 10, Cross bcrrfe~ she! be a minimum of 1 /J and a maximum of t /2 the height of the llneor bonier. 11. Maintenance cpenlnqs oho I bo constructed In a manner lo ensure aedl,r,enl remains behind sfft fence. 12. Joir-lng sect'ons 9holl not be ploced ot sump locottons. 13.. Sa1dbo9 rows ond loyers shall be offae: to eliminate gaps. 14. A:ld J-4 bags to eron bamer on clown<Jrodlent ,ide of tfft fence os needed lo p,..,_,1 b:,i,aae or undermining ond oa ollowcble baaed on ,ite llm'le of dlstu'1xrlco. !WIii i See Note 14 CROSS BARRIER DETAIL SECTION C-C L£Gl:NO Tamped backfill Slope direction Dlrectton or now S~t fence u, -· -,... .,, tD ::::s n tD u, m I .... ..... C -< N 0 ...... N () QI fl QI Vl rt I 0 :E ., :E () 3 :E O :E • ::J QI n "' rt QI rt Cl) "' ., ., .C C OJ ?' &. 3: 0 0 "U .3 ::J :I: QI ::J a. O" 0 0 "'" "U 0 ;::i. ~ <:1J 0 ...,, ID / Setback varies / (See note 4) j Fabric Toe of slope 7 J_ J 1 2" X 2" Wood stoke / (See notes 3 & 5) '"'-'-7~A, ?& 1- 'oo ~ ~- SECTION A-A DET!\IL A Stoke 8 12) F obric section A (See notes 6, 7 & 12) JOINING SECTION DETAIL {TOP VIEW) Fabric (See note 8) 2" x 2" wood stake (See note 3) END STAKE DETAIL (TOP VIEW) /.--End stake ~ (See note 2) ,/SHt fence END DETAIL ~ 1/16" diameter LEGEND Tamped bock fill Slope direction Direction of flow ,r _j ~-1.LL STAPLE DETAIL (SEE NOTE 9) rFabric Stoke End stoke OPTIONAL MAINTENANCE OPENING DETAIL (SEE NOTE 11) u, -· -,... -n tD ::I n tD u, m I .... Silt Fence SWPPP preporer to specify length of J-hook bosed on onticipoted sediment load Place post adjacent ond bind ot top with wire July 2012 200' Mox. Pion J-HOOK California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org SE-1 Continuous Fence Fabric 9 of 9 Fiber Rolls Description and Purpose A fiber roll consists of straw, coir, or other biodegradable materials bound into a tight tubular roll wrapped by netting, which can be photodegradable or natural. Additionally, gravel core fiber rolls are available, which contain an imbedded ballast material such as gravel or sand for additional weight when staking the rolls are not feasible (such as use as inlet protection). When fiber rolls are placed at the toe and on the face of slopes along the contours, they intercept runoff, reduce its flow velocity, release the runoff as sheet flow, and provide removal of sediment from the runoff (through sedimentation). By interrupting the length of a slope, fiber rolls can also reduce sheet and rill erosion until vegetation is established. Suitable Applications Fiber rolls may be suitable: ■ Along the toe, top, face, and at grade breaks of exposed and erodible slopes to shorten slope length and spread runoff as sheet flow. ■ At the end of a downward slope where it transitions to a steeper slope. ■ Along the perimeter of a project. ■ As check dams in unlined ditches with minimal grade. ■ Down-slope of exposed soil areas. ■ At operational storm drains as a form of inlet protection. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org SE-5 Categories EC Erosion Control ~ SE Sediment Control 0 TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Category ~ Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment 0 Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives SE-1 Silt Fence SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm SE-8 Sandbag Barrier SE-12 Manufactured Linear Sediment Controls SE-14 Biofilter Bags If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUfORNlA STORMWATDI \) f\' ~l I I 1 of 5 Fiber Rolls SE-5 ■ Around temporary stockpiles. Limitations ■ Fiber rolls are not effective unless trenched in and staked. ■ Not intended for use in high flow situations. ■ Difficult to move once saturated. ■ If not properly staked and trenched in, fiber rolls could be transported by high flows. ■ Fiber rolls have a very limited sediment capture zone. ■ Fiber rolls should not be used on slopes subject to creep, slumping, or landslide. ■ Rolls typically function for 12-24 months depending upon local conditions. Implementation Fiber Roll Materials ■ Fiber rolls should be prefabricated. ■ Fiber rolls may come manufactured containing polyacrylamide (PAM), a flocculating agent within the roll. Fiber rolls impregnated with PAM provide additional sediment removal capabilities and should be used in areas with fine, clayey or silty soils to provide additional sediment removal capabilities. Monitoring may be required for these installations. ■ Fiber rolls are made from weed free rice straw, flax, or a similar agricultural material bound into a tight tubular roll by netting. ■ Typical fiber rolls vary in diameter from 9 in. to 20 in. Larger diameter rolls are available as well. Installation ■ Locate fiber rolls on level contours spaced as follows: Slope inclination of 4 :1 (H:V) or flatter: Fiber rolls should be placed at a maximum interval of 20 ft. Slope inclination between 4:1 and 2:1 (H:V): Fiber Rolls should be placed at a maximum interval of 15 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective). Slope inclination 2:1 (H:V) or greater: Fiber Rolls should be placed at a maximum interval of 10 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective). ■ Prepare the slope before beginning installation. ■ Dig small trenches across the slope on the contour. The trench depth should be¼ to 1/3 of the thickness of the roll, and the width should equal the roll diameter, in order to provide area to backfill the trench. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 5 Fiber Rolls SE-5 ■ It is critical that rolls are installed perpendicular to water movement, and parallel to the slope contour. ■ Start building trenches and installing rolls from the bottom of the slope and work up. ■ It is recommended that pilot holes be driven through the fiber roll. Use a straight bar to drive holes through the roll and into the soil for the wooden stakes. ■ Turn the ends of the fiber roll up slope to prevent runoff from going around the roll. ■ Stake fiber rolls into the trench. Drive stakes at the end of each fiber roll and spaced 4 ft maximum on center. Use wood stakes with a nominal classification of 0.75 by 0.75 in. and minimum length of 24 in. ■ If more than one fiber roll is placed in a row, the rolls should be overlapped, not abutted. ■ See typical fiber roll installation details at the end of this fact sheet. Removal ■ Fiber rolls can be left in place or removed depending on the type of fiber roll and application (temporary vs. permanent installation). Typically, fiber rolls encased with plastic netting are used for a temporary application because the netting does not biodegrade. Fiber rolls used in a permanent application are typically encased with a biodegradeable material and are left in place. Removal of a fiber roll used in a permanent application can result in greater disturbance. ■ Temporary installations should only be removed when up gradient areas are stabilized per General Permit requirements, and/or pollutant sources no longer present a hazard. But, they should also be removed before vegetation becomes too mature so that the removal process does not disturb more soil and vegetation than is necessary. Costs Material costs for regular fiber rolls range from $20 -$30 per 25 ft roll. Material costs for PAM impregnated fiber rolls range between 7.00-$9.00 per linear foot, based upon vendor research. Inspection and Maintenance ■ BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Repair or replace split, torn, unraveling, or slumping fiber rolls. ■ If the fiber roll is used as a sediment capture device, or as an erosion control device to maintain sheet flows, sediment that accumulates in the BMP should be periodically removed July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 5 Fiber Rolls SE-5 in order to maintain BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when sediment accumulation reaches one-third the designated sediment storage depth. ■ If fiber rolls are used for erosion control, such as in a check dam, sediment removal should not be required as long as the system continues to control the grade. Sediment control BMPs will likely be required in conjunction with this type of application. ■ Repair any rills or gullies promptly. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org 4 of 5 Fiber Rolls July 2012 I" .-" i,_1r,2"i (I c.,r-• J t '"u(l=-\..,t thp S: ,~f bPI '-:\''"' :1 ... ' LC, r '"' j ·;,,, ,r • c:/ ( J -t ~1~, '\i,\':J V ;,\",~ ,____ __ ~) \ [ - \f ' t~ \ ~~\rs:"'~ ,,,, JY \ California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org SE-5 lr-~'O' n ··nE•t , -i'i ,, •or •-1 1r:::. \~(· f"r-:. t,..·J"'"-":: t·~)r,::: 5 of 5 Gravel Bag Berm Description and Purpose A gravel bag berm is a series of gravel-filled bags placed on a level contour to intercept sheet flows. Gravel bags pond sheet flow runoff, allowing sediment to settle out, and release runoff slowly as sheet flow, preventing erosion. Suitable Applications Gravel bag berms may be suitable: ■ As a linear sediment control measure: Below the toe of slopes and erodible slopes As sediment traps at culvert/pipe outlets Below other small cleared areas Along the perimeter of a site Down slope of exposed soil areas Around temporary stockpiles and spoil areas Parallel to a roadway to keep sediment off paved areas Along streams and channels ■ As a linear erosion control measure: Along the face and at grade breaks of exposed and erodible slopes to shorten slope length and spread runoff as sheet flow. May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org SE-6 Categories EC Erosion Control ~ SE Sediment Control 0 TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Category ~ Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment 0 Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives SE-1 Silt Fence SE-5 Fiber Roll SE-8 Sandbag Barrier SE-12 Temporary Silt Dike SE-14 Biofilter Bags If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUTOIINIA STOllMWATl:R f,Jt.i~Lf, T A"'ii.Ot....t • ro 1 of 4 Gravel Bag Berm SE-6 At the top of slopes to divert runoff away from disturbed slopes. As chevrons (small check dams) across mildly sloped construction roads. For use check dam use in channels, see SE-4, Check Dams. Limitations ■ Gravel berms may be difficult to remove. ■ Removal problems limit their usefulness in landscaped areas. ■ Gravel bag berm may not be appropriate for drainage areas greater than 5 acres. ■ Runoff will pond upstream of the berm, possibly causing flooding if sufficient space does not exist. ■ Degraded gravel bags may rupture when removed, spilling contents. ■ Installation can be labor intensive. ■ Durability of gravel bags is somewhat limited and bags may need to be replaced when installation is required for longer than 6 months. ■ Easily damaged by construction equipment. ■ When used to detain concentrated flows, maintenance requirements increase. Implementation General A gravel bag berm consists of a row of open graded gravel-filled bags placed on a level contour. When appropriately placed, a gravel bag berm intercepts and slows sheet flow runoff, causing temporary ponding. The temporary ponding allows sediment to settle. The open graded gravel in the bags is porous, which allows the ponded runoff to flow slowly through the bags, releasing the runoff as sheet flows. Gravel bag berms also interrupt the slope length and thereby reduce erosion by reducing the tendency of sheet flows to concentrate into rivulets, which erode rills, and ultimately gullies, into disturbed, sloped soils. Gravel bag berms are similar to sand bag barriers, but are more porous. Generally, gravel bag berms should be used in conjunction with temporary soil stabilization controls up slope to provide effective erosion and sediment control. Design and Layout ■ Locate gravel bag berms on level contours. ■ When used for slope interruption, the following slope/sheet flow length combinations apply: Slope inclination of 4:1 (H:V) or flatter: Gravel bags should be placed at a maximum interval of 20 ft, with the first row near the slope toe. Slope inclination between 4:1 and 2:1 (H:V): Gravel bags should be placed at a maximum interval of 15 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective), with the first row near the slope toe. May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 4 Gravel Bag Berm SE-6 Slope inclination 2:1 (H:V) or greater: Gravel bags should be placed at a maximum interval of 10 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective), with the first row near the slope toe. ■ Turn the ends of the gravel bag barriers up slope to prevent runoff from going around the berm. ■ Allow sufficient space up slope from the gravel bag berm to allow ponding, and to provide room for sediment storage. ■ For installation near the toe of the slope, gravel bag barriers should be set back from the slope toe to facilitate cleaning. Where specific site conditions do not allow for a set-back, the gravel bag barrier may be constructed on the toe of the slope. To prevent flows behind the barrier, bags can be placed perpendicular to a berm to serve as cross barriers. ■ Drainage area should not exceed 5 acres. ■ In Non-Traffic Areas: Height = 18 in. maximum Top width = 24 in. minimum for three or more layer construction Top width = 12 in. minimum for one or two layer construction Side slopes = 2:1 (H:V) or flatter ■ In Construction Traffic Areas: Height = 12 in. maximum Top width = 24 in. minimum for three or more layer construction. Top width = 12 in. minimum for one or two layer construction. Side slopes = 2:1 (H:V) or flatter. ■ Butt ends of bags tightly. ■ On multiple row, or multiple layer construction, overlap butt joints of adjacent row and row beneath. ■ Use a pyramid approach when stacking bags. Materials ■ Bag Material: Bags should be woven polypropylene, polyethylene or polyamide fabric or burlap, minimum unit weight of 4 ounces/yd2, Mullen burst strength exceeding 300 lb/in2 in conformance with the requirements in ASTM designation D3786, and ultraviolet stability exceeding 70% in conformance with the requirements in ASTM designation D4355. May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 4 Gravel Bag Berm SE-6 ■ Bag Size: Each gravel-filled bag should have a length of 18 in., width of 12 in., thickness of 3 in., and mass of approximately 33 lbs. Bag dimensions are nominal, and may vary based on locally available materials. ■ Fill Material: Fill material should be 0.5 to 1 in. crushed rock, clean and free from clay, organic matter, and other deleterious material, or other suitable open graded, non-cohesive, porous gravel. Costs Material costs for gravel bags are average and are dependent upon material availability. $2.50- 3.00 per filled gravel bag is standard based upon vendor research. Inspection and Maintenance ■ BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Gravel bags exposed to sunlight will need to be replaced every two to three months due to degrading of the bags. ■ Reshape or replace gravel bags as needed. ■ Repair washouts or other damage as needed. ■ Sediment that accumulates in the BMP should be periodically removed in order to maintain BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when the sediment accumulation reaches one-third of the barrier height. ■ Remove gravel bag berms when no longer needed and recycle gravel fill whenever possible and properly dispose of bag material. Remove sediment accumulation and clean, re-grade, and stabilize the area. References Handbook of Steel Drainage and Highway Construction, American Iron and Steel Institute, 1983. Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Pollution Plan Handbook, First Edition, State of California, Department of Transportation Division of New Technology, Materials and Research, October 1992. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org 4 of 4 Street Sweeping and Vacuuming SE-7 Description and Purpose Street sweeping and vacuuming includes use of self-propelled and walk-behind equipment to remove sediment from streets and roadways, and to clean paved surfaces in preparation for final paving. Sweeping and vacuuming prevents sediment from the project site from entering storm drains or receiving waters. Suitable Applications Sweeping and vacuuming are suitable anywhere sediment is tracked from the project site onto public or private paved streets and roads, typically at points of egress. Sweeping and vacuuming are also applicable during preparation of paved surfaces for final paving. Limitations Sweeping and vacuuming may not be effective when sediment is wet or when tracked soil is caked ( caked soil may need to be scraped loose). Implementation ■ Controlling the number of points where vehicles can leave the site will allow sweeping and vacuuming efforts to be focused, and perhaps save money. ■ Inspect potential sediment tracking locations daily. ■ Visible sediment tracking should be swept or vacuumed on a daily basis. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Objective ~ Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None ~ 0 If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUfOR,'flA STORMWAT£1l Qt.:.\ n\ "''ot r .... ,o 1 of 2 Street Sweeping and Vacuuming SE-7 ■ Do not use kick brooms or sweeper attachments. These tend to spread the dirt rather than remove it. ■ If not mixed with debris or trash, consider incorporating the removed sediment back into the project Costs Rental rates for self-propelled sweepers vary depending on hopper size and duration of rental. Expect rental rates from $58/hour (3 yd3 hopper) to $88/hour (9 yd3 hopper), plus operator costs. Hourly production rates vary with the amount of area to be swept and amount of sediment. Match the hopper size to the area and expect sediment load to minimize time spent dumping. Inspection and Ma intenance ■ Inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ When actively in use, points of ingress and egress must be inspected daily. ■ When tracked or spilled sediment is observed outside the construction limits, it must be removed at least daily. More frequent removal, even continuous removal, may be required in some jurisdictions. ■ Be careful not to sweep up any unknown substance or any object that may be potentially hazardous. ■ Adjust brooms frequently; maximize efficiency of sweeping operations. ■ After sweeping is finished, properly dispose of sweeper wastes at an approved dumpsite. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Labor Surcharge and Equipment Rental Rates, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), April 1, 2002 -March 31, 2003. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 2 Sandbag Barrier .... ....... Description and Purpose A sandbag barrier is a series of sand-filled bags placed on a level contour to intercept or to divert sheet flows. Sandbag barriers placed on a level contour pond sheet flow runoff, allowing sediment to settle out. Suitable Applications Sandbag barriers may be a suitable control measure for the applications described below. It is important to consider that sand bags are less porous than gravel bags and ponding or flooding can occur behind the barrier. Also, sand is easily transported by runoff if bags are damaged or ruptured. The SWPPP Preparer should select the location of a sandbag barrier with respect to the potential for flooding, damage, and the ability to maintain the BMP. ■ As a linear sediment control measure: Below the toe of slopes and erodible slopes. As sediment traps at culvert/pipe outlets. Below other small cleared areas. Along the perimeter of a site. Down slope of exposed soil areas. Around temporary stockpiles and spoil areas. Parallel to a roadway to keep sediment off paved areas. Along streams and channels. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org SE-8 Categories EC Erosion Control !Bl SE Sediment Control 0 TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Category !Bl Secondary Cat egory Targeted Constituents Sediment 0 Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives SE-1 Silt Fence SE-5 Fiber Rolls SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm SE-12 Manufactured Linear Sediment Controls SE-14 Biofilter Bags If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUIORNIA STORMIYA rrR 1 of 6 Sandbag Barrier SE-8 ■ As linear erosion control measure: Along the face and at grade breaks of exposed and erodible slopes to shorten slope length and spread runoff as sheet flow. At the top of slopes to divert runoff away from disturbed slopes. -As check dams across mildly sloped construction roads. Limitations ■ It is necessary to limit the drainage area upstream of the barrier to s acres. ■ Sandbags are not intended to be used as filtration devices. ■ Easily damaged by construction equipment. ■ Degraded sandbags may rupture when removed, spilling sand. ■ Installation can be labor intensive. ■ Durability of sandbags is somewhat limited and bags will need to be replaced when there are signs of damage or wear. ■ Burlap should not be used for sandbags. Implementation General A sandbag barrier consists of a row of sand-filled bags placed on a level contour. When appropriately placed, a sandbag barrier intercepts and slows sheet flow runoff, causing temporary ponding. The temporary ponding allows sediment to settle. Sand-filled bags have limited porosity, which is further limited as the fine sand tends to quickly plug with sediment, limiting or completely blocking the rate of flow through the barrier. If a porous barrier is desired, consider SE-1, Silt Fence, SE-5, Fiber Rolls, SE-6, Gravel Bag Berms or SE-14, Biofilter Bags. Sandbag barriers also interrupt the slope length and thereby reduce erosion by reducing the tendency of sheet flows to concentrate into rivulets which erode rills, and ultimately gullies, into disturbed, sloped soils. Sandbag barriers are similar to gravel bag berms, but less porous. Generally, sandbag barriers should be used in conjunction with temporary soil stabilization controls up slope to provide effective erosion and sediment control. Design and Layout ■ Locate sandbag barriers on a level contour. ■ When used for slope interruption, the following slope/sheet flow length combinations apply: Slope inclination of 4:1 (H:V) or flatter: Sandbags should be placed at a maximum interval of 20 ft, with the first row near the slope toe. Slope inclination between 4:1 and 2:1 (H:V): Sandbags should be placed at a maximum interval of 15 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective), with the first row near the slope toe. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 6 Sandbag Barrier SE-8 Slope inclination 2:1 (H:V) or greater: Sandbags should be placed at a maximum interval of 10 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective), with the first row near the slope toe. ■ Turn the ends of the sandbag barrier up slope to prevent runoff from going around the barrier. ■ Allow sufficient space up slope from the barrier to allow ponding, and to provide room for sediment storage. ■ For installation near the toe of the slope, sand bag barriers should be set back from the slope toe to facilitate cleaning. Where specific site conditions do not allow for a set-back, the sand bag barrier may be constructed on the toe of the slope. To prevent flows behind the barrier, bags can be placed perpendicular to a berm to serve as cross barriers. ■ Drainage area should not exceed 5 acres. ■ Butt ends of bags tightly. ■ Overlap butt joints of row beneath with each successive row. ■ Use a pyramid approach when stacking bags. ■ In non-traffic areas Height = 18 in. maximum Top width = 24 in. minimum for three or more layer construction Side slope= 2:1 (H:V) or flatter ■ In construction traffic areas Height = 12 in. maximum Top width = 24 in. minimum for three or more layer construction. Side slopes= 2:1 (H:V) or flatter. ■ See typical sandbag barrier installation details at the end of this fact sheet. Materials ■ Sandbag Material: Sandbag should be woven polypropylene, polyethylene or polyamide fabric, minimum unit weight of 4 ounces/yd2, Mullen burst strength exceeding 300 lb/in2 in conformance with the requirements in ASTM designation D3786, and ultraviolet stability exceeding 70% in conformance with the requirements in ASTM designation D4355. Use of burlap is not an acceptable substitute, as sand can more easily mobilize out of burlap. ■ Sandbag Size: Each sand-filled bag should have a length of 18 in., width of 12 in., thickness of 3 in., and mass of approximately 33 lbs. Bag dimensions are nominal, and may vary based on locally available materials. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 6 Sandbag Barrier SE-8 ■ Fill Material: All sandbag fill material should be non-cohesive, Class 3 (Caltrans Standard Specification, Section 25) or similar permeable material free from clay and deleterious material, such as recycled concrete or asphalt. Costs Empty sandbags cost $0.25 -$0. 75. Average cost of fill material is $8 per yd 3. Additional labor is required to fill the bags. Pre-filled sandbags are more expensive at $1.50 -$2.00 per bag. These costs are based upon vendor research. Inspection and Maintenance ■ BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Sandbags exposed to sunlight will need to be replaced every two to three months due to degradation of the bags. ■ Reshape or replace sandbags as needed. ■ Repair washouts or other damage as needed. ■ Sediment that accumulates behind the BMP should be periodically removed in order to maintain BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when the sediment accumulation reaches one-third of the barrier height. ■ Remove sandbags when no longer needed and recycle sand fill whenever possible and properly dispose of bag material. Remove sediment accumulation, and clean, re-grade, and stabilize the area. References Standard Specifications for Construction of Local Streets and Roads, California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), July 2002. Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Portal Construction www.casqa.org 4 of 6 '-' C ~ N 0 .... N n 'E.. ~ ., :J iii" V1 ,... 0 :E n 3 :E O :E :E :J ~ • "' (D @ q--, Vl C CJJ .c n 3: ?' g. ,:, Q :J ::c IC QJ :J C. c-o 0 ;,-- "O 0 ~ V1 0 ...,, C]\ Mox reach 500' ( See note 1) Sandbag barrier 4 / / Cross barrier Toe of slope PLAN ~ SANDBAG BARRIER NOTES 1. Construct the length of each reach so that the change in base elevation along the reach does not exceed 1 /2 the height of the linear barrier. In no case shall the reach length exceed 500'. 2. Place sandbags tightly. 3. Dimension may vary to fit field condition. 4. Sandbag barrier shall be a minimum of 3 bogs high. 5. The end of the barrier shall be turned up slope. 6. Cross barriers shall be a min of 1 /2 and a max of 2/3 the height of the linear barrier. 7. Sandbag rows and layers shall be staggered to eliminate gaps. Sandbag barrier (See note 4) u, DI ::s a. er DI IC m DI ... ... -· n, ... u, m I 0) Sa n d b a g Ba r r i e r ., 0 C ., " ~ <I> ., ·c !; -" 0 0 .0 .; Vl 0 z w C) w -' Ju l y 20 1 2 ;;: g u.. u.. 0 z 0 C: u L,J °' 0 1 <( I <( z 0 i= u w U1 " Cl. 0 i7 i 0" ., Cl. o- 2 .. . <I> m I m z 0 i= u w Vl -' <i: >--w 0 0 z w Ca l i f o r n i a St o r m w a t e r BM P Ha n d b o o k Po r t a l Co n s t r u c t i o n ww w . c a s q a . o r g SE - 8 "' " <I> 0 "' C 0 " .0 " " Vl C 0 Vl u I u z 0 i= u w U1 ., Cl. 0 "' ,; ; o~ .0 " ' 0 'O ·,: : -' c~ " 00 <i: Vl . O i >- -w 0 Q'. ~ w ix Ck ' . -J > <( m U1 U1 0 Q'. u 6 of 6 Storm Drain Inlet Protection Description and Purpose Storm drain inlet protection consists of a sediment filter or an impounding area in, around or upstream of a storm drain, drop inlet, or curb inlet. Storm drain inlet protection measures temporarily pond runoff before it enters the storm drain, allowing sediment to settle. Some filter configurations also remove sediment by filtering, but usually the ponding action results in the greatest sediment reduction. Temporary geotextile storm drain inserts attach underneath storm drain grates to capture and filter storm water. Suitable Applications ■ Every storm drain inlet receiving runoff from unstabilized or otherwise active work areas should be protected. Inlet protection should be used in conjunction with other erosion and sediment controls to prevent sediment-laden stormwater and non-stormwater discharges from entering the storm drain system. Limitations ■ Drainage area should not exceed 1 acre. ■ In general straw bales should not be used as inlet protection. ■ Requires an adequate area for water to pond without encroaching into portions of the roadway subject to traffic. ■ Sediment removal may be inadequate to prevent sediment discharges in high flow conditions or if runoff is heavily sediment laden. If high flow conditions are expected, use July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www .casqa.org SE-10 Categories EC SE TC WE NS Erosion Control Sediment Control Tracking Control Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater Management Control Waste Management and WM Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Category ~ Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment 0 Nutrients Trash ~ Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives SE-1 Silt Fence SE-5 Fiber Rolls SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm SE-8 Sandbag Barrier SE-14 Biofilter Bags SE-13 Compost Socks and Berms If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CALIFORNIA STORMW-"Tl!R . 1 of 10 ... -.. -.. .. • .. • .. .. • .. .. • .. .. • .. Storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 other onsite sediment trapping techniques in conjunction with inlet protection. ■ Frequent maintenance is required. ■ Limit drainage area to 1 acre maximum. For drainage areas larger than 1 acre, runoff should be routed to a sediment-trapping device designed for larger flows. See BMPs SE-2, Sediment Basin, and SE-3, Sediment Traps . ■ Excavated drop inlet sediment traps are appropriate where relatively heavy flows are expected, and overflow capability is needed. Implementation General Inlet control measures presented in this handbook should not be used for inlets draining more than one acre. Runoff from larger disturbed areas should be first routed through SE-2, Sediment Basin or SE-3, Sediment Trap and/ or used in conjunction with other drainage control, erosion control, and sediment control BMPs to protect the site. Different types of inlet protection are appropriate for different applications depending on site conditions and the type of inlet. Alternative methods are available in addition to the methods described/shown herein such as prefabricated inlet insert devices, or gutter protection devices. Design and Layout Identify existing and planned storm drain inlets that have the potential to receive sediment- laden surface runoff. Determine if storm drain inlet protection is needed and which method to use . ■ The key to successful and safe use of storm drain inlet protection devices is to know where runoff that is directed toward the inlet to be protected will pond or be diverted as a result of installing the protection device . Determine the acceptable location and extent of ponding in the vicinity of the drain inlet . The acceptable location and extent of ponding will influence the type and design of the storm drain inlet protection device . Determine the extent of potential runoff diversion caused by the storm drain inlet protection device. Runoff ponded by inlet protection devices may flow around the device and towards the next downstream inlet. In some cases, this is acceptable; in other cases, serious erosion or downstream property damage can be caused by these diversions. The possibility of runoff diversions will influence whether or not storm drain inlet protection is suitable; and, if suitable, the type and design of the device. ■ The location and extent of ponding, and the extent of diversion, can usually be controlled through appropriate placement of the inlet protection device. In some cases, moving the inlet protection device a short distance upstream of the actual inlet can provide more efficient sediment control, limit ponding to desired areas, and prevent or control diversions . ■ Seven types of inlet protection are presented below. However, it is recognized that other effective methods and proprietary devices exist and may be selected . July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www .casqa.org 2 of 10 Storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 Silt Fence: Appropriate for drainage basins with less than a 5% slope, sheet flows, and flows under 0.5 cfs. Excavated Drop Inlet Sediment Trap: An excavated area around the inlet to trap sediment (SE-3). Gravel bag barrier: Used to create a small sediment trap upstream of inlets on sloped, paved streets. Appropriate for sheet flow or when concentrated flow may exceed 0.5 cfs, and where overtopping is required to prevent flooding. Block and Gravel Filter: Appropriate for flows greater than 0.5 cfs. Temporary Geotextile Storm drain Inserts: Different products provide different features. Refer to manufacturer details for targeted pollutants and additional features. Biofilter Bag Barrier: Used to create a small retention area upstream of inlets and can be located on pavement or soil. Biofilter bags slowly filter runoff allowing sediment to settle out. Appropriate for flows under 0.5 cfs. Compost Socks: Allow filtered run-off to pass through the compost while retaining sediment and potentially other pollutants (SE-13). Appropriate for flows under 1.0 cfs. ■ Select the appropriate type of inlet protection and design as referred to or as described in this fact sheet. ■ Provide area around the inlet for water to pond without flooding structures and property. ■ Grates and spaces around all inlets should be sealed to prevent seepage of sediment-laden water. ■ Excavate sediment sumps (where needed) 1 to 2 ft with 2:1 side slopes around the inlet. Installation ■ DI Protection Type 1 -Silt Fence-Similar to constructing a silt fence; see BMP SE-1, Silt Fence. Do not place fabric underneath the inlet grate since the collected sediment may fall into the drain inlet when the fabric is removed or replaced and water flow through the grate will be blocked resulting in flooding. See typical Type 1 installation details at the end of this fact sheet. 1. Excavate a trench approximately 6 in. wide and 6 in. deep along the line of the silt fence inlet protection device. 2. Place 2 in. by 2 in. wooden stakes around the perimeter of the inlet a maximum of 3 ft apart and drive them at least 18 in. into the ground or 12 in. below the bottom of the trench. The stakes should be at least 48 in. 3. Lay fabric along bottom of trench, up side of trench, and then up stakes. See SE-1, Silt Fence, for details. The maximum silt fence height around the inlet is 24 in. 4. Staple the filter fabric (for materials and specifications, see SE-1, Silt Fence) to wooden stakes. Use heavy-duty wire staples at least 1 in. in length. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 10 .. • .. • .. -- • -.. -- - -------- ---- ------- ·- - -.. --- .. .. .. --.. -.. - .. ------- --.. -- - Storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 5. Backfill the trench with gravel or compacted earth all the way around. ■ DI Protection Type 2 -Excavated Drop Inlet Sediment Trap -Install filter fabric fence in accordance with DI Protection Type 1. Size excavated trap to provide a minimum storage capacity calculated at the rate 67 yd3/acre of drainage area. See typical Type 2 installation details at the end of this fact sheet. ■ DI Protection Type 3 -Gravel bag -Flow from a severe storm should not overtop the curb. In areas of high clay and silts, use filter fabric and gravel as additional filter media. Construct gravel bags in accordance with SE-6, Gravel Bag Berm. Gravel bags should be used due to their high permeability. See typical Type 3 installation details at the end of this fact sheet. 1. Construct on gently sloping street . 2. Leave room upstream of barrier for water to pond and sediment to settle . 3. Place several layers of gravel bags -overlapping the bags and packing them tightly together. 4. Leave gap of one bag on the top row to serve as a spillway. Flow from a severe storm (e.g., 10 year storm) should not overtop the curb. ■ DI Protection Type 4 -Block and Gravel Filter -Block and gravel filters are suitable for curb inlets commonly used in residential, commercial, and industrial construction. See typical Type 4 installation details at the end of this fact sheet . 1. Place hardware cloth or comparable wire mesh with 0.5 in. openings over the drop inlet so that the wire extends a minimum of 1 ft beyond each side of the inlet structure. If more than one strip is necessary, overlap the strips. Place woven geotextile over the wire mesh . 2. Place concrete blocks lengthwise on their sides in a single row around the perimeter of the inlet, so that the open ends face outward, not upward. The ends of adjacent blocks should abut. The height of the barrier can be varied, depending on design needs, by stacking combinations of blocks that are 4 in., 8 in., and 12 in. wide. The row of blocks should be at least 12 in. but no greater than 24 in. high. 3. Place wire mesh over the outside vertical face ( open end) of the concrete blocks to prevent stone from being washed through the blocks. Use hardware cloth or comparable wire mesh with 0.5 in. opening. 4. Pile washed stone against the wire mesh to the top of the blocks. Use o. 75 to 3 in. ■ DI Protection Type 5 -Temporary Geotextile Insert (proprietary) -Many types of temporary inserts are available. Most inserts fit underneath the grate of a drop inlet or inside of a curb inlet and are fastened to the outside of the grate or curb. These inserts are removable and many can be cleaned and reused. Installation of these inserts differs between manufacturers. Please refer to manufacturer instruction for installation of proprietary devices . July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 4 of 10 Storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 ■ DI Protection Type 6 -Bio.filter bags -Biofilter bags may be used as a substitute for gravel bags in low-flow situations. Biofilter bags should conform to specifications detailed in SE-14, Biofilter bags. 1. Construct in a gently sloping area. 2. Biofilter bags should be placed around inlets to intercept runoff flows. 3. All bag joints should overlap by 6 in. 4. Leave room upstream for water to pond and for sediment to settle out. 5. Stake bags to the ground as described in the following detail. Stakes may be omitted if bags are placed on a paved surface. ■ DI Protection Type 7 -Compost Socks -A compost sock can be assembled on site by filling a mesh sock (e.g., with a pneumatic blower). Compost socks do not require special trenching compared to other sediment control methods (e.g., silt fence). Compost socks should conform to specification detailed in SE-13, Compost Socks and Berms. Costs ■ Average annual cost for installation and maintenance of DI Type 1-4 and 6 ( one year useful life) is $200 per inlet. ■ Temporary geotextile inserts are proprietary and cost varies by region. These inserts can often be reused and may have greater than 1 year of use if maintained and kept undamaged. Average cost per insert ranges from $50-75 plus installation, but costs can exceed $100. This cost does not include maintenance. ■ See SE-13 for Compost Sock cost information. Inspection and Maintenance ■ BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Silt Fences. If the fabric becomes clogged, torn, or degrades, it should be replaced. Make sure the stakes are securely driven in the ground and are in good shape (i.e., not bent, cracked, or splintered, and are reasonably perpendicular to the ground). Replace damaged stakes. At a minimum, remove the sediment behind the fabric fence when accumulation reaches one-third the height of the fence or barrier height. ■ Gravel Filters. If the gravel becomes clogged with sediment, it should be carefully removed from the inlet and either cleaned or replaced. Since cleaning gravel at a construction site may be difficult, consider using the sediment-laden stone as fill material and put fresh stone around the inlet. Inspect bags for holes, gashes, and snags, and replace bags as needed. Check gravel bags for proper arrangement and displacement. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 5 of 10 --·--~, ··~ " -------., -----------------------• ------ Storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 ■ Sediment that accumulates in the BMP should be periodically removed in order to maintain BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when the sediment accumulation reaches one-third of the barrier height. ■ Inspect and maintain temporary geotextile insert devices according to manufacturer's specifications. ■ Remove storm drain inlet protection once the drainage area is stabilized. Clean and regrade area around the inlet and clean the inside of the storm drain inlet, as it should be free of sediment and debris at the time of final inspection. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management Manual for The Puget Sound Basin, Washington State Department of Ecology, Public Review Draft, 1991. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 6 of 10 Storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 24"± ix X X ~ X Sheet flow Less than 1 acre X I 0 0"' NOTES: Geotextile Blanket Drain inlet SECTION A-.A i X X Drain inlet ~ t --1111 ------- t t - PLAN X Fence per SE-01 6" Min overlap at ends of silt fence. Geotextile Blanket X 1--Silt Fence pee SE -01 X DI PROTECTION TYPE NOT TO SCALE 1. For use in areas where grading has been completed and final soil stabilization and seeding are pending. 2. Not applicable in paved areas. 3. Not applicable with concentrated flows. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 7 of 10 Storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 Stabilize area and grade uniformly around perimeter X r X -Geotextile Blanket 1--Silt fence Per SE-01 X 1: 1 slope -~'-: Dr ain inlet 12" Min 24" Mox .~~~ Note: ~~~'<")==1 1==-'--~"--'--__J'- Remove sediment before reach ing one-third full. Section ,A.-A Concen troted ----1 Rock filter( use if flow flow ____ f is concen trated) 1 x x-x::;7 X r-------------------7 X I ,--------------7 ~ t X Edge of sediment trap -Drain inlet Sheet flow -----; ------1 ~ I t t ; L ______________ __j --1--1----Geotextile x Blanket f--Sill fence X L ___________________ J X l:x---x----x---x-1 X I Per SE-01 Pion DI PROTECTION TYPE 2 NOT TO SCALE t lot es 1. For use in cleared and grubbed and in graded areas. 2. Shope basin so that longest in flow area faces longest length of trap . .3. For concentrated flows, shape basin in 2: 1 ratio wi h length oriented towards direction of flow. June 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa .org 8 of 10 Storm Drain Inlet Protection I ~ Tr S. 11 · t ter r1 u..:~ I St::-t ' int--·l~ t r ;',...1 ~t1.. ,,..,,, ·v-.:c:ter tl.J•:~ ) ~. "}-.'..-~r-1 r>r )r ~i -r,.n t t-"1 JI -p 'JI (1 ~0' ;p -i,v)'=· r·11 • 01: ''~' 'C',,;'i ofrer ()(i!,J ijr1t ;, ppr·ot 1.1 ·'.~~ .:;..,,mplE-~ -'U S \rd •J,.~ · ,1 e r <J<PJ.3 At'--, ,,i,J sit " I uy; ,11'1· J<..\ Hie•· f,1 r· 6. Protection can be effective even if it is not immediately adjacent to the inlet provided that the inlet is protected from potential sources of pollution. June 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org SE-10 9 of 10 Storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 12"- 24" June 2012 -,-------✓--------------,-=----=- Curb inlet -==-----------------~ -------- Concrete block laid lengthwise on sides @ perimeter of opening Runoff with sediment Sediment Hardware cloth wire mesh -==----- ~ --------~ ~ --------- Hardware cloth or wire mesh Filtered water Curb inlet DI PROTECTION TYPE 4 NOT TO SCALE California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 10 of 10 Wind Erosion Control Description and Purpose Wind erosion or dust control consists of applying water or other chemical dust suppressants as necessary to prevent or alleviate dust nuisance generated by construction activities. Covering small stockpiles or areas is an alternative to applying water or other dust palliatives. California's Mediterranean climate, with a short "wet" season and a typically long, hot "dry" season, allows the soils to thoroughly dry out. During the dry season, construction activities are at their peak, and disturbed and exposed areas are increasingly subject to wind erosion, sediment tracking and dust generated by construction equipment. Site conditions and climate can make dust control more of an erosion problem than water based erosion. Additionally, many local agencies, including Air Quality Management Districts, require dust control and/ or dust control permits in order to comply with local nuisance laws, opacity laws (visibility impairment) and the requirements of the Clean Air Act. Wind erosion control is required to be implemented at all construction sites greater than 1 acre by the General Permit. Suitable Applications Most BMPs that provide protection against water-based erosion will also protect against wind-based erosion and dust control requirements required by other agencies will generally meet wind erosion control requirements for water quality protection. Wind erosion control BMPs are suitable during the following construction activities: May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www .casqa.org WE-1 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Category ~ Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives EC-5 Soil Binders ~ 0 If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUfORNIA STOllMWATl:11 \11.. '1'1" A ~O'-141 ) 1 of 5 Wind Erosion Control WE-1 ■ Construction vehicle traffic on unpaved roads ■ Drilling and blasting activities ■ Soils and debris storage piles ■ Batch drop from front-end loaders ■ Areas with unstabilized soil ■ Final grading/ site stabilization Limitations ■ Watering prevents dust only for a short period (generally less than a few hours) and should be applied daily (or more often) to be effective. ■ Over watering may cause erosion and track-out. ■ Oil or oil-treated subgrade should not be used for dust control because the oil may migrate into drainageways and/ or seep into the soil. ■ Chemical dust suppression agents may have potential environmental impacts. Selected chemical dust control agents should be environmentally benign. ■ Effectiveness of controls depends on soil, temperature, humidity, wind velocity and traffic. ■ Chemical dust suppression agents should not be used within 100 feet of wetlands or water bodies. ■ Chemically treated subgrades may make the soil water repellant, interfering with long-term infiltration and the vegetation/re-vegetation of the site. Some chemical dust suppressants may be subject to freezing and may contain solvents and should be handled properly. ■ In compacted areas, watering and other liquid dust control measures may wash sediment or other constituents into the drainage system. ■ If the soil surface has minimal natural moisture, the affected area may need to be pre-wetted so that chemical dust control agents can uniformly penetrate the soil surface. Implementation Dust Control Practices Dust control BMPs generally stabilize exposed surfaces and minimize activities that suspend or track dust particles. The following table presents dust control practices that can be applied to varying site conditions that could potentially cause dust. For heavily traveled and disturbed areas, wet suppression (watering), chemical dust suppression, gravel asphalt surfacing, temporary gravel construction entrances, equipment wash-out areas, and haul truck covers can be employed as dust control applications. Permanent or temporary vegetation and mulching can be employed for areas of occasional or no construction traffic. Preventive measures include minimizing surface areas to be disturbed, limiting onsite vehicle traffic to 15 mph or less, and controlling the number and activity of vehicles on a site at any given time. May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 5 Wind Erosion Control WE-1 Chemical dust suppressants include: mulch and fiber based dust palliatives (e.g. paper mulch with gypsum binder), salts and brines (e.g. calcium chloride, magnesium chloride), non- petroleum based organics (e.g. vegetable oil, lignosulfonate), petroleum based organics (e.g. asphalt emulsion, dust oils, petroleum resins), synthetic polymers (e.g. polyvinyl acetate, vinyls, acrylic), clay additives (e.g. bentonite, montimorillonite) and electrochemical products (e.g. enzymes, ionic products). Dust Control Practices Site Wet Chemical Gravel Temporary Gravel Minimize Condition Permanent Mulching Suppression Dust or Construction Synthetic Extent of Vegetation (Watering) Suppression Asphalt Entrances/Equipment Covers Disturbed Wash Down Area Disturbed Areas not X X X X X X Subject to Traffic Disturbed Areas X X X X X Subject to Traffic Material X X X X X Stockpiles Demolition X X X Clearing/ X X X Excavation Truck Traffic on X X X X X Unpaved Roads Tracking X X Additional preventive measures include: ■ Schedule construction activities to minimize exposed area (see EC-1, Scheduling). ■ Quickly treat exposed soils using water, mulching, chemical dust suppressants, or stone/gravel layering. ■ Identify and stabilize key access points prior to commencement of construction. ■ Minimize the impact of dust by anticipating the direction of prevailing winds. ■ Restrict construction traffic to stabilized roadways within the project site, as practicable. ■ Water should be applied by means of pressure-type distributors or pipelines equipped with a spray system or hoses and nozzles that will ensure even distribution. ■ All distribution equipment should be equipped with a positive means of shutoff. ■ Unless water is applied by means of pipelines, at least one mobile unit should be available at all times to apply water or dust palliative to the project. ■ If reclaimed waste water is used, the sources and discharge must meet California Department of Health Services water reclamation criteria and the Regional Water Quality May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 5 - .. -.. - -.. - ... .. -.. .. • -... .. - .. .. - • - • .. • Wind Erosion Control WE-1 Control Board (RWQCB) requirements. Non-potable water should not be conveyed in tanks or drain pipes that will be used to convey potable water and there should be no connection between potable and non-potable supplies. Non-potable tanks, pipes, and other conveyances should be marked, "NON-POTABLE WATER-DO NOT DRINK." ■ Pave or chemically stabilize access points where unpaved traffic surfaces adjoin paved roads . ■ Provide covers for haul trucks transporting materials that contribute to dust. ■ Provide for rapid clean up of sediments deposited on paved roads. Furnish stabilized construction road entrances and wheel wash areas. ■ Stabilize inactive areas of construction sites using temporary vegetation or chemical stabilization methods. For chemical stabilization, there are many products available for chemically stabilizing gravel roadways and stockpiles. If chemical stabilization is used, the chemicals should not create any adverse effects on stormwater, plant life, or groundwater and should meet all applicable regulatory requirements . Costs Installation costs for water and chemical dust suppression vary based on the method used and the length of effectiveness. Annual costs may be high since some of these measures are effective for only a few hours to a few days . Inspection and Maintenance ■ Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. ■ BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events . ■ Check areas protected to ensure coverage . ■ Most water-based dust control measures require frequent application, often daily or even multiple times per day. Obtain vendor or independent information on longevity of chemical dust suppressants. References Best Management Practices and Erosion Control Manual for Construction Sites, Flood Control District of Maricopa County, Arizona, September 1992 . California Air Pollution Control Laws, California Air Resources Board, updated annually. Construction Manual, Chapter 4, Section 10, "Dust Control"; Section 17, "Watering"; and Section 18, "Dust Palliative", California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), July 2001. May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www .casqa.org 4 of 5 Wind Erosion Control WE-1 Prospects for Attaining the State Ambient Air Quality Standards for Suspended Particulate Matter (PM10), Visibility Reducing Particles, Sulfates, Lead, and Hydrogen Sulfide, California Air Resources Board, April 1991. Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. May 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 5 of 5 ------------------------------- ---- Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1 Description and Purpose A stabilized construction access is defined by a point of entrance/exit to a construction site that is stabilized to reduce the tracking of mud and dirt onto public roads by construction vehicles. Suitable Applications Use at construction sites: ■ Where dirt or mud can be tracked onto public roads. ■ Adjacent to water bodies. ■ Where poor soils are encountered. ■ Where dust is a problem during dry weather conditions. Limitations ■ Entrances and exits require periodic top dressing with additional stones. ■ This BMP should be used in conjunction with street sweeping on adjacent public right of way. ■ Entrances and exits should be constructed on level ground only. ■ Stabilized construction entrances are rather expensive to construct and when a wash rack is included, a sediment trap of some kind must also be provided to collect wash water runoff. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Objective ~ Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None ~ ~ 0 If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CALlfOL'IIA STORMWATC& Ql " fl\' >t "'0( f -,n 1 of 6 Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1 Implementation General A stabilized construction entrance is a pad of aggregate underlain with filter cloth located at any point where traffic will be entering or leaving a construction site to or from a public right of way, street, alley, sidewalk, or parking area. The purpose of a stabilized construction entrance is to reduce or eliminate the tracking of sediment onto public rights of way or streets. Reducing tracking of sediments and other pollutants onto paved roads helps prevent deposition of sediments into local storm drains and production of airborne dust. Where traffic will be entering or leaving the construction site, a stabilized construction entrance should be used. NPDES permits require that appropriate measures be implemented to prevent tracking of sediments onto paved roadways, where a significant source of sediments is derived from mud and dirt carried out from unpaved roads and construction sites. Stabilized construction entrances are moderately effective in removing sediment from equipment leaving a construction site. The entrance should be built on level ground. Advantages of the Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit is that it does remove some sediment from equipment and serves to channel construction traffic in and out of the site at specified locations. Efficiency is greatly increased when a washing rack is included as part of a stabilized construction entrance/ exit. Design and Layout ■ Construct on level ground where possible. ■ Select 3 to 6 in. diameter stones. ■ Use minimum depth of stones of 12 in. or as recommended by soils engineer. ■ Construct length of 50 ft or maximum site will allow, and 10 ft minimum width or to accommodate traffic. ■ Rumble racks constructed of steel panels with ridges and installed in the stabilized entrance/exit will help remove additional sediment and to keep adjacent streets clean. ■ Provide ample turning radii as part of the entrance. ■ Limit the points of entrance/ exit to the construction site. ■ Limit speed of vehicles to control dust. ■ Properly grade each construction entrance/ exit to prevent runoff from leaving the construction site. ■ Route runoff from stabilized entrances/exits through a sediment trapping device before discharge. ■ Design stabilized entrance/exit to support heaviest vehicles and equipment that will use it. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 6 .. .. • • • .. - • -.. -.. .. .. -.. - Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1 ■ Select construction access stabilization (aggregate, asphaltic concrete, concrete) based on longevity, required performance, and site conditions. Do not use asphalt concrete (AC) grindings for stabilized construction access/roadway. ■ If aggregate is selected, place crushed aggregate over geotextile fabric to at least 12 in. depth, or place aggregate to a depth recommended by a geotechnical engineer. A crushed aggregate greater than 3 in. but smaller than 6 in. should be used. ■ Designate combination or single purpose entrances and exits to the construction site. ■ Require that all employees, subcontractors, and suppliers utilize the stabilized construction access. ■ Implement SE-7, Street Sweeping and Vacuuming, as needed. ■ All exit locations intended to be used for more than a two-week period should have stabilized construction entrance/ exit BMPs. Inspection and Maintenance ■ Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMPs are under way, inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events . ■ Inspect local roads adjacent to the site daily. Sweep or vacuum to remove visible accumulated sediment . ■ Remove aggregate, separate and dispose of sediment if construction entrance/exit is clogged with sediment . ■ Keep all temporary roadway ditches clear. ■ Check for damage and repair as needed. ■ Replace gravel material when surface voids are visible . ■ Remove all sediment deposited on paved roadways within 24 hours. ■ Remove gravel and filter fabric at completion of construction Costs Average annual cost for installation and maintenance may vary from $1,200 to $4,800 each, averaging $2,400 per entrance. Costs will increase with addition of washing rack, and sediment trap. With wash rack, costs range from $1,200 -$6,000 each, averaging $3,600 per entrance. References Manual of Standards of Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, Association of Bay Area Governments, May 1995 . July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www .casqa.org 3 of 6 Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1 National Management Measures to Control Nonpoint Source Pollution from Urban Areas, USEPAAgency, 2002. Proposed Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Sources ofNonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters, Work Group Working Paper, USEPA, April 1992. Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management of the Puget Sound Basin, Technical Manual, Publication #91-75, Washington State Department of Ecology, February 1992. Virginia Erosion and Sedimentation Control Handbook, Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Soil and Water Conservation, 1991. Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Non point Pollution in Coastal Waters, EPA 840-B-9-002, USEPA, Office of Water, Washington, DC, 1993. Water Quality Management Plan for the Lake Tahoe Region, Volume II, Handbook of Management Practices, Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, November 1988. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 4 of 6 "' .. .. .. .. -.. • .. --... -- -- - -- ---- -------- Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1 July 2012 >-~ ~ ~I 0 ~ c( a. (.!) ~I (F) x LLJ Match Existing Grade Crushed aggregate greater than 3" but smaller than 6" Original ----~~m~~~~~~~-L--g~rqde 12 " Min, unless otherwise specified by a soils engineer SECTION 8-B NTS \ NOTE: Construct sediment barrier and channelize runoff to sediment trapping device Temporary pipe culvert as needea 50' Tvoical (I ) length should be extended to 12 tirres the dia rreter of the largest construction vehicle tire. B B (2)0n sma ll sites length should be the maxirrum allowed by site . PLAN NTs California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 5 of 6 Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1 NOTE: Crushed aggregate greater than 3" but smaller than 6". Original ---'lil~~Jdl:~~00~~~~11,....,1___,9!.:r_Q_.de 12" Min, unless otherwise specified by a soils engineer SECTION 8-B NTS Crushed aggregate greater than 3" but smaller than 6". Corrugated steel panels 12" Min, unless otherwise specified by a soils engineer SECTION A-A Not TO scALE Original grqae Filter fabric Construct sediment barrier and channelize runoff to sediment trapping device al Sediment trapping device July 2012 ~ Corrugated steel panels -A B !t'l:~~~~~~i~~r~~-r~~~ir~~ to accomodate anticipated traffic, whichever :a~~~~~~~llll!illJLUJlillill!illlllll!llill.llllre;~W~;c'f is greater. by sitOI 24' max allowed B (I) Length should be extended to 12 titres the d ia rreter of the largest construction vehicle tire . Match (2)0n small sites lengthshould be the maxim.un a llowed by site. Existing PLAN Grade NTS California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 6 of 6 Stabilized Construction Roadway TC-2 Descript ion and Purpose Access roads, subdivision roads, parking areas, and other onsite vehicle transportation routes should be stabilized immediately after grading, and frequently maintained to prevent erosion and control dust. Suitable Applications This BMP should be applied for the following conditions: ■ Temporary Construction Traffic: Phased construction projects and offsite road access Construction during wet weather ■ Construction roadways and detour roads: Where mud tracking is a problem during wet weather Where dust is a problem during dry weather Adjacent to water bodies Where poor soils are encountered Limitations ■ The roadway must be removed or paved when construction is complete. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Objective fB.l Secondary Obj ective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None fB.l fB.l 0 If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUfOll..'IIA STORMWATER Q , IT' A. 0( It 10' 1 of 4 Stabilized Construction Roadway TC-2 ■ Certain chemical stabilization methods may cause stormwater or soil pollution and should not be used. See WE-1, Wind Erosion Control. ■ Management of construction traffic is subject to air quality control measures. Contact the local air quality management agency. ■ Materials will likely need to be removed prior to final project grading and stabilization. ■ Use of this BMP may not be applicable to very short duration projects. Implementation General Areas that are graded for construction vehicle transport and parking purposes are especially susceptible to erosion and dust. The exposed soil surface is continually disturbed, leaving no opportunity for vegetative stabilization. Such areas also tend to collect and transport runoff waters along their surfaces. During wet weather, they often become muddy quagmires that generate significant quantities of sediment that may pollute nearby streams or be transported offsite on the wheels of construction vehicles. Dirt roads can become so unstable during wet weather that they are virtually unusable. Efficient construction road stabilization not only reduces onsite erosion but also can significantly speed onsite work, avoid instances of immobilized machinery and delivery vehicles, and generally improve site efficiency and working conditions during adverse weather Installation/ Application Criteria Permanent roads and parking areas should be paved as soon as possible after grading. As an alternative where construction will be phased, the early application of gravel or chemical stabilization may solve potential erosion and stability problems. Temporary gravel roadway should be considered during the rainy season and on slopes greater than 5%. Temporary roads should follow the contour of the natural terrain to the maximum extent possible. Slope should not exceed 15%. Roadways should be carefully graded to drain transversely. Provide drainage swales on each side of the roadway in the case of a crowned section or one side in the case of a super elevated section. Simple gravel berms without a trench can also be used. Installed inlets should be protected to prevent sediment laden water from entering the storm sewer system (SE-10, Storm Drain Inlet Protection). In addition, the following criteria should be considered. ■ Road should follow topographic contours to reduce erosion of the roadway. ■ The roadway slope should not exceed 15%. ■ Chemical stabilizers or water are usually required on gravel or dirt roads to prevent dust (WE-1, Wind Erosion Control). ■ Properly grade roadway to prevent runoff from leaving the construction site. ■ Design stabilized access to support heaviest vehicles and equipment that will use it. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 4 -.. --.. -... - - • ... - ---.. - - - -.. - -.. .. - Stabilized Construction Roadway TC-2 ■ Stabilize roadway using aggregate, asphalt concrete, or concrete based on longevity, required performance, and site conditions. The use of cold mix asphalt or asphalt concrete (AC) grindings for stabilized construction roadway is not allowed. ■ Coordinate materials with those used for stabilized construction entrance/exit points . ■ If aggregate is selected, place crushed aggregate over geotextile fabric to at least 12 in. depth. A crushed aggregate greater than 3 in. but smaller than 6 in. should be used. Inspection and Maintenance ■ Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Keep all temporary roadway ditches clear. ■ When no longer required, remove stabilized construction roadway and re-grade and repair slopes . ■ Periodically apply additional aggregate on gravel roads . ■ Active dirt construction roads are commonly watered three or more times per day during the dry season. Costs Gravel construction roads are moderately expensive, but cost is often balanced by reductions in construction delay. No additional costs for dust control on construction roads should be required above that needed to meet local air quality requirements. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program; Program Development and Approval Guidance, Working Group, Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992. Manual of Standards of Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, Association of Bay Area Governments, May 1995. Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. Stormwater Management of the Puget Sound Basin, Technical Manual, Publication #91-75, Washington State Department of Ecology, February 1992. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 4 Stabilized Construction Roadway TC-2 Virginia Erosion and Sedimentation Control Handbook, Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Soil and Water Conservation, 1991. Water Quality Management Plan for the Lake Tahoe Region, Volume II, Handbook of Management Practices, Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, November 1988. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 4 of 4 - - ----- - - ----- ----------- ------ Water Conservation Practices Description and Purpose Water conservation practices are activities that use water during the construction of a project in a manner that avoids causing erosion and the transport of pollutants offsite. These practices can reduce or eliminate non-stormwater discharges. Suitable Applications Water conservation practices are suitable for all construction sites where water is used, including piped water, metered water, trucked water, and water from a reservoir. Limitations ■ None identified. Implementat ion ■ Keep water equipment in good working condition. ■ Stabilize water truck filling area. ■ Repair water leaks promptly. ■ Washing of vehicles and equipment on the construction site is discouraged. ■ A void using water to clean construction areas. If water must be used for cleaning or surface preparation, surface should be swept and vacuumed first to remove dirt. This will minimize amount of water required. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org NS-1 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Obj ective ~ Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None ~ ~ 0 If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CALIFOIL"'IASTORMWATtR Ql .._ u, 4' Ot""r •10 1 of 2 Water Conservation Practices NS-1 ■ Direct construction water runoff to areas where it can soak into the ground or be collected and reused. ■ Authorized non-stormwater discharges to the storm drain system, channels, or receiving waters are acceptable with the implementation of appropriate BMPs. ■ Lock water tank valves to prevent unauthorized use. Costs The cost is small to none compared to the benefits of conserving water. Inspection and Maintenance ■ Inspect and verify that activity based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of authorized non-stormwater discharges. ■ Inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges are occuring. ■ Repair water equipment as needed to prevent unintended discharges. Water trucks Water reservoirs (water buffalos) Irrigation systems Hydrant connections References Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 2 Dewatering Operations Description and Purpose Dewatering operations are practices that manage the discharge of pollutants when non-stormwater and accumulated precipitation (stormwater) must be removed from a work location to proceed with construction work or to provide vector control. The General Permit incorporates Numeric Action Levels (NAL) for turbidity (see Section 2 of this handbook to determine your project's risk level and if you are subject to these requirements). Discharges from dewatering operations can contain high levels of fine sediment that, if not properly treated, could lead to exceedances of the General Permit requirements or Basin Plan standards. The dewatering operations described in this fact sheet are not Active Treatment Systems (ATS) and do not include the use of chemical coagulations, chemical flocculation or electrocoagulation. Suitable Applications These practices are implemented for discharges of non- stormwater from construction sites. Non-stormwaters include, but are not limited to, groundwater, water from cofferdams, water diversions, and waters used during construction activities that must be removed from a work area to facilitate construction. Practices identified in this section are also appropriate for implementation when managing the removal of accumulated July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org NS-2 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control [g] TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater 0 Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Category [g] Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment 0 Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives SE-5: Fiber Roll SE-6: Gravel Bag Berm If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUl'ORNIA STORMWATEII \I\.. L fl' 4" Ot..l 11'1U 1 of 10 Dewatering Operations NS-2 precipitation (stormwater) from depressed areas at a construction site. Stormwater mixed with non-stormwater should be managed as non-stormwater. Limitations ■ Dewatering operations will require, and should comply with applicable local and project- specific permits and regulations. In some areas, all dewatering activities, regardless of the discharge volume, require a dewatering permit. ■ Site conditions will dictate design and use of dewatering operations. ■ The controls discussed in this fact sheet primarily address sediment. Other secondary pollutant removal benefits are discussed where applicable. ■ The controls detailed in this fact sheet only allow for minimal settling time for sediment particles. Use only when site conditions restrict the use of the other control methods. ■ Avoid dewatering discharges where possible by using the water for dust control. Implementation ■ A Construction Site Monitoring Plan (CSMP) should be included in the project Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP). ■ Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) Regions may require notification and approval prior to any discharge of water from construction sites. ■ The destination of discharge from dewatering activities will typically determine the type of permit required for the discharge. For example, when discharging to a water of the U.S., a dewatering permit may be required through the site's governing RWQCB. When discharging to a sanitary sewer or Municipal Separate Storm Sewer System (MS4), a permit may need to be obtained from the owner of the sanitary sewer or MS4 in addition to obtaining an RWQCB dewatering permit. Additional permits or permissions from other agencies may be required for dewatering cofferdams or diversions. ■ Dewatering discharges should not cause erosion at the discharge point. Appropriate BMPs should be implemented to maintain compliance with all applicable permits. ■ Maintain dewatering records in accordance with all local and project-specific permits and regulations. Sediment Treatment A variety of methods can be used to treat water during dewatering operations. Several devices are presented below and provide options to achieve sediment removal. The sediment particle size and permit or receiving water limitations on sediment or turbidity are key considerations for selecting sediment treatment option(s); in some cases, the use of multiple devices may be appropriate. Use of other enhanced treatment methods (i.e., introduction of chemicals or electric current to enhance flocculation and removal of sediment) must comply with: 1) for storm drain or surface water discharges, the requirements for Active Treatment Systems (see SE-11); or 2) for sanitary sewer discharges, the requirements of applicable sanitary sewer discharge permits. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 10 Dewatering Operations NS-2 Sediment Basin (see also SE-2) Description: ■ A sediment basin is a temporary basin with a controlled release structure that is formed by excavation or construction of an embankment to detain sediment-laden runoff and allow sediment to settle out before discharging. Sediment basins are generally larger than Sediment Traps (SE-3) and have a designed outlet structure. Appropriate Applications: ■ Effective for the removal of trash, gravel, sand, silt, some metals that settle out with the sediment. Implementation: ■ Excavation and construction of related facilities is required. ■ Temporary sediment basins should be fenced if safety is a concern. ■ Outlet protection is required to prevent erosion at the outfall location. Maintenance: ■ Maintenance is required for safety fencing, vegetation, embankment, inlet and outlet, as well as other features. ■ Removal of sediment is required when the storage volume is reduced by one-third. Sediment Trap (See also SE-3) Description: ■ A sediment trap is a temporary basin formed by excavation and/or construction of an earthen embankment across a waterway or low drainage area to detain sediment-laden runoff and allow sediment to settle out before discharging. Sediment traps are generally smaller than Sediment Basins (SE-2) and do not have a designed outlet (but do have a spillway or overflow). Appropriate Applications: Effective for the removal of large and medium sized particles (sand and gravel) and some metals that settle out with the sediment. Implementation: ■ Excavation and construction of related facilities is required. ■ Trap inlets should be located to maximize the travel distance to the trap outlet. ■ Use rock or vegetation to protect the trap outlets against erosion. Maintenance: ■ Maintenance is required for vegetation, embankment, inlet and outfall structures, as well as other features. ■ Removal of sediment is required when the storage volume is reduced by one-third. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 10 Dewatering Operations NS-2 Weir Tanks Description: ■ A weir tank separates water and waste by using weirs. The configuration of the weirs ( over and under weirs) maximizes the residence time in the tank and determines the waste to be removed from the water, such as oil, grease, and sediments. Appropriate Applications: ■ The tank removes trash, some settleable solids (gravel, sand, and silt), some visible oil and grease, and some metals (removed with sediment). To achieve high levels of flow, multiple tanks can be used in parallel. If additional treatment is desired, the tanks can be placed in series or as pre-treatment for other methods. Implementation: ■ Tanks are delivered to the site by the vendor, who can provide assistance with set-up and operation. ■ Tank size will depend on flow volume, constituents of concern, and residency period required. Vendors should be consulted to appropriately size tank. ■ Treatment capacity (i.e., volume and number of tanks) should provide at a minimum the required volume for discrete particle settling for treatment design flows. Maintenance: ■ Periodic cleaning is required based on visual inspection or reduced flow. ■ Oil and grease disposal should be conducted by a licensed waste disposal company. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 4 of 10 Dewatering Operations NS-2 Dewatering Tanks Description: ■ A dewatering tank removes debris and sediment. Flow enters the tank through the top, passes through a fabric filter, and is discharged through the bottom of the tank. The filter separates the solids from the liquids. Appropriate Applications: ■ The tank removes trash, gravel, sand, and silt, some visible oil and grease, and some metals (removed with sediment). To achieve high levels of flow, multiple tanks can be used in parallel. If additional treatment is desired, the tanks can be placed in series or as pre- treatment for other methods. Implementation: ■ Tanks are delivered to the site by the vendor, who can provide assistance with set-up and operation. ■ Tank size will depend on flow volume, constituents of concern, and residency period required. Vendors should be consulted to appropriately size tank. Maintenance: ■ Periodic cleaning is required based on visual inspection or reduced flow. ■ Oil and grease disposal should be conducted by licensed waste disposal company. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 5 of 10 Dewatering Operations NS-2 Gravity Bag Filter Description: AVAILABlE IN VARIOUS SHAPES AND SIZES FOR SEDIMENT CONTAINMENT .. WATER PUMP PUMP DISCflARGE ltOSE DEWATERING BAG ( ( ( ,J --------, . ~ FILTERED WATER ■ A gravity bag filter, also referred to as a dewatering bag, is a square or rectangular bag made of non-woven geotextile fabric that collects gravel, sand, silt, and fines. Appropriate Applications: ■ Effective for the removal of sediments (gravel, sand, silt, and fines). Some metals are removed with the sediment. Implementation: ■ Water is pumped into one side of the bag and seeps through the top, bottom, and sides of the bag. ■ Place filter bag on pavement or a gravel bed or paved surface. Avoid placing a dewatering bag on unprotected bare soil. If placing the bag on bare soil is unavoidable, a secondary barrier should be used, such as a rock filter bed placed beneath and beyond the edges of the bag to, prevent erosion and capture sediments that escape the bag. ■ Perimeter control around the downstream end of the bag should be implemented. Secondary sediment controls are important especially in the initial stages of discharge, which tend to allow fines to pass through the bag. Maintenance: ■ Inspection of the flow conditions, bag condition, bag capacity, and the secondary barrier (as applicable) is required. ■ Replace the bag when it no longer filters sediment or passes water at a reasonable rate. ■ Caution should be taken when removing and disposing of the bag, to prevent the release of captured sediment ■ Properly dispose of the bag offsite. If sediment is removed from the bag prior to disposal (bags can potentially be reused depending upon their condition), dispose of sediment in accordance with the general maintenance procedures described at the end of this BMP Fact Sheet. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 6 of 10 Dewatering Operations NS-2 Sand Media Particulate Filter Description: ■ Water is treated by passing it through canisters filled with sand media. Generally, sand filters provide a final level of treatment. They are often used as a secondary or higher level of treatment after a significant amount of sediment and other pollutants have been removed using other methods. Appropriate Applications: ■ Effective for the removal of trash, gravel, sand, and silt and some metals, as well as the reduction of biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) and turbidity. ■ Sand filters can be used for stand-alone treatment or in conjunction with bag and cartridge filtration if further treatment is required. ■ Sand filters can also be used to provide additional treatment to water treated via settling or basic filtration. Implementation: ■ The filters require delivery to the site and initial set up. The vendor can provide assistance with installation and operation. Maintenance: ■ The filters require regular service to monitor and maintain the level of the sand media. If subjected to high loading rates, filters can plug quickly. ■ Venders generally provide data on maximum head loss through the filter. The filter should be monitored daily while in use, and cleaned when head loss reaches target levels. ■ If cleaned by backwashing, the backwash water may need to be hauled away for disposal, or returned to the upper end of the treatment train for another pass through the series of dewatering BMPs. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 7 of 10 Dewatering Operations NS-2 Pressurized Bag Filter Description: ■ A pressurized bag filter is a unit composed of single filter bags made from polyester felt material. The water filters through the unit and is discharged through a header. Vendors provide bag filters in a variety of configurations. Some units include a combination of bag filters and cartridge filters for enhanced contaminant removal. Appropriate Applications: ■ Effective for the removal of sediment (sand and silt) and some metals, as well as the reduction of BOD, turbidity, and hydrocarbons. Oil absorbent bags are available for hydrocarbon removal. ■ Filters can be used to provide secondary treatment to water treated via settling or basic filtration. Implementation: ■ The filters require delivery to the site and initial set up. The vendor can provide assistance with installation and operation. Maintenance: ■ The filter bags require replacement when the pressure differential equals or exceeds the manufacturer's recommendation. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 8 of 10 Dewatering Operations NS-2 Cartridge Filter Description: ■ Cartridge filters provide a high degree of pollutant removal by utilizing a number of individual cartridges as part of a larger filtering unit. They are often used as a secondary or higher (polishing) level of treatment after a significant amount of sediment and other pollutants are removed. Units come with various cartridge configurations (for use in series with bag filters) or with a larger single cartridge filtration unit (with multiple filters within). Appropriate Applications: ■ Effective for the removal of sediment (sand, silt, and some clays) and metals, as well as the reduction of BOD, turbidity, and hydrocarbons. Hydrocarbons can effectively be removed with special resin cartridges. ■ Filters can be used to provide secondary treatment to water treated via settling or basic filtration. Implementation: ■ The filters require delivery to the site and initial set up. The vendor can provide assistance. Maintenance: ■ The cartridges require replacement when the pressure differential equals or exceeds the manufacturer's recommendation. Costs ■ Sediment control costs vary considerably depending on the dewatering and sediment treatment system that is selected. Pressurized filters tend to be more expensive than gravity settling, but are often more effective. Simple tanks are generally rented on a long-term basis (one or more months) and can range from $360 per month for a 1,000 gallon tank to $2,660 per month for a 10,000 gallon tank. Mobilization and demobilization costs vary considerably. Inspection and Maintenance ■ Inspect and verify that dewatering BMPs are in place and functioning prior to the commencement of activities requiring dewatering. ■ Inspect dewatering BMPs daily while dewatering activities are being conducted. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 9 of 10 Dewatering Operations NS-2 ■ Inspect all equipment before use. Monitor dewatering operations to ensure they do not cause offsite discharge or erosion. ■ Sample dewatering discharges as required by the General Permit. ■ Unit-specific maintenance requirements are included with the description of each unit. ■ Sediment removed during the maintenance of a dewatering device may be either spread onsite and stabilized, or disposed of at a disposal site as approved by the owner. ■ Sediment that is commingled with other pollutants should be disposed of in accordance with all applicable laws and regulations and as approved by the owner. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003; Updated March 2004. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. Labor Surcharge & Equipment Rental Rates, April 1, 2002 through March 31, 2003, California Department of Transportation (Caltrans). Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 10 of 10 Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3 Description and Purpose Prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants from paving operations, using measures to prevent runon and runoff pollution, properly disposing of wastes, and training employees and subcontractors. The General Permit incorporates Numeric Action Levels (NAL) for pH and turbidity (see Section 2 of this handbook to determine your project's risk level and if you are subject to these requirements). Many types of construction materials associated with paving and grinding operations, including mortar, concrete, and cement and their associated wastes have basic chemical properties that can raise pH levels outside of the permitted range. Additional care should be taken when managing these materials to prevent them from coming into contact with stormwater flows, which could lead to exceedances of the General Perm it requirements. Suitable Applica tions These procedures are implemented where paving, surfacing, resurfacing, or sawcutting, may pollute stormwater runoff or discharge to the storm drain system or watercourses. Limitations ■ Paving opportunities may be limited during wet weather. Discharges of freshly paved surfaces may raise pH to environmentally harmful levels and trigger permit violations. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend : 0 Primary Category !El Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None 0 !El If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAuroRNIA $TORMWATCR \lL.A.l l l' 1"'~0\. 41 J""'- 1 of 5 Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3 Implementation General ■ Avoid paving during the wet season when feasible. ■ Reschedule paving and grinding activities if rain is forecasted. ■ Train employees and sub-contractors in pollution prevention and reduction. ■ Store materials away from drainage courses to prevent stormwater runon (see WM-1, Material Delivery and Storage). ■ Protect drainage courses, particularly in areas with a grade, by employing BMPs to divert runoff or to trap and filter sediment. ■ Stockpile material removed from roadways away from drain inlets, drainage ditches, and watercourses. These materials should be stored consistent with WM-3, Stockpile Management. ■ Disposal of PCC (Portland cement concrete) and AC (asphalt concrete) waste should be in conformance with WM-8, Concrete Waste Management. Saw Cutting, Grinding, and Pavement Removal ■ Shovel or vacuum saw-cut slurry and remove from site. Cover or barricade storm drains during saw cutting to contain slurry. ■ When paving involves AC, the following steps should be implemented to prevent the discharge of grinding residue, uncompacted or loose AC, tack coats, equipment cleaners, or unrelated paving materials: AC grindings, pieces, or chunks used in embankments or shoulder backing should not be allowed to enter any storm drains or watercourses. Install inlet protection and perimeter controls until area is stabilized (i.e. cutting, grinding or other removal activities are complete and loose material has been properly removed and disposed ot)or permanent controls are in place. Examples of temporary perimeter controls can be found in EC-9, Earth Dikes and Drainage Swales; SE-1, Silt Fence; SE-5, Fiber Rolls, or SE-13 Compost Socks and Berms Collect and remove all broken asphalt and recycle when practical. Old or spilled asphalt should be recycled or disposed of properly. ■ Do not allow saw-cut slurry to enter storm drains or watercourses. Residue from grinding operations should be picked up by a vacuum attachment to the grinding machine, or by sweeping, should not be allowed to flow across the pavement, and should not be left on the surface of the pavement. See also WM-8, Concrete Waste Management, and WM-10, Liquid Waste Management. ■ Pavement removal activities should not be conducted in the rain. ■ Collect removed pavement material by mechanical or manual methods. This material may be recycled for use as shoulder backing or base material. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www .casqa.org 2 of s -.. -- --... -.. - ... - • • -.. .. --.. -.. .. .. .. • -- • - • • Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3 ■ If removed pavement material cannot be recycled, transport the material back to an approved storage site. Asphaltic Concrete Paving ■ If paving involves asphaltic cement concrete, follow these steps: Do not allow sand or gravel placed over new asphalt to wash into storm drains, streets, or creeks. Vacuum or sweep loose sand and gravel and properly dispose of this waste by referring to WM-5, Solid Waste Management . Old asphalt should be disposed of properly. Collect and remove all broken asphalt from the site and recycle whenever possible. Portland Cement Concrete Paving ■ Do not wash sweepings from exposed aggregate concrete into a storm drain system. Collect waste materials by dry methods, such as sweeping or shoveling, and return to aggregate base stockpile or dispose of properly. Allow aggregate rinse to settle. Then, either allow rinse water to dry in a temporary pit as described in WM-8, Concrete Waste Management, or pump the water to the sanitary sewer if authorized by the local wastewater authority . Sealing Operations ■ During chip seal application and sweeping operations, petroleum or petroleum covered aggregate should not be allowed to enter any storm drain or water courses. Apply temporary perimeter controls until structure is stabilized (i.e. all sealing operations are complete and cured and loose materials have been properly removed and disposed) . ■ Inlet protection (SE-10, Storm Drain Inlet Protection) should be used during application of seal coat, tack coat, slurry seal, and fog seal. ■ Seal coat, tack coat, slurry seal, or fog seal should not be applied if rainfall is predicted to occur during the application or curing period. Paving Equipment ■ Leaks and spills from paving equipment can contain toxic levels of heavy metals and oil and grease. Place drip pans or absorbent materials under paving equipment when not in use . Clean up spills with absorbent materials and dispose of in accordance with the applicable regulations. See NS-10, Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance, WM-4, Spill Prevention and Control, and WM-10, Liquid Waste Management . ■ Substances used to coat asphalt transport trucks and asphalt spreading equipment should not contain soap and should be non-foaming and non-toxic . ■ Paving equipment parked onsite should be parked over plastic to prevent soil contamination . ■ Clean asphalt coated equipment offsite whenever possible. When cleaning dry, hardened asphalt from equipment, manage hardened asphalt debris as described in WM-5, Solid Waste Management. Any cleaning onsite should follow NS-8, Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning . July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 5 Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3 Thermoplastic Striping ■ Thermoplastic striper and pre-heater equipment shutoff valves should be inspected to ensure that they are working properly to prevent leaking thermoplastic from entering drain inlets, the stormwater drainage system, or watercourses. ■ Pre-heaters should be filled carefully to prevent splashing or spilling of hot thermoplastic. Leave six inches of space at the top of the pre-heater container when filling thermoplastic to allow room for material to move. ■ Do not pre-heat, transfer, or load thermoplastic near drain inlets or watercourses. ■ Clean truck beds daily of loose debris and melted thermoplastic. When possible, recycle thermoplastic material. Raised/Recessed Pavement Marker Application and Removal ■ Do not transfer or load bituminous material near drain inlets, the stormwater drainage system, or watercourses. ■ Melting tanks should be loaded with care and not filled to beyond six inches from the top to leave room for splashing. ■ When servicing or filling melting tanks, ensure all pressure is released before removing lids to avoid spills. ■ On large-scale projects, use mechanical or manual methods to collect excess bituminous material from the roadway after removal of markers. Costs ■ All of the above are low cost measures. Inspection and Maintenance ■ Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of paving and grinding operations. ■ BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Sample stormwater runoff required by the General Permit. ■ Keep ample supplies of drip pans or absorbent materials onsite. ■ Inspect and maintain machinery regularly to minimize leaks and drips. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 4 of s --- --- -------------- -----.. ------.. .. Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3 Hot Mix Asphalt-Paving Handbook AC 150/5370-14, Appendix I, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, July 1991. Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa .org 5 of 5 Illicit Connection/Discharge ..... •················ ... ,,. -... •· / Description and Purpose Procedures and practices designed for construction contractors to recognize illicit connections or illegally dumped or discharged materials on a construction site and report incidents. Suitable Applications This best management practice (BMP) applies to all construction projects. Illicit connection/ discharge and reporting is applicable anytime an illicit connection or discharge is discovered or illegally dumped material is found on the construction site. Limitations Illicit connections and illegal discharges or dumping, for the purposes of this BMP, refer to discharges and dumping caused by parties other than the contractor. If pre-existing hazardous materials or wastes are known to exist onsite, they should be identified in the SWPPP and handled as set forth in the SWPPP. Implementation Planning ■ Review the SWPPP. Pre-existing areas of contamination should be identified and documented in the SWPPP. ■ Inspect site before beginning the job for evidence of illicit connections, illegal dumping or discharges. Document any pre-existing conditions and notify the owner. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org NS-6 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Objective ~ Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment 0 Nutrients 0 Trash 0 Metals 0 Bacteria 0 Oil and Grease 0 Organics 0 Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version . CAl.lfORSIA STORMWATI:R Qt.\ IT\ o, '' 10 1 of 3 -.. ----- -- --.. - .. - -- -- - - - .. .. Illicit Connection/Discharge NS-6 ■ Inspect site regularly during project execution for evidence of illicit connections, illegal dumping or discharges. ■ Observe site perimeter for evidence for potential of illicitly discharged or illegally dumped material, which may enter the job site. Identification of Illicit Connections and Illegal Dumping or Discharges ■ General -unlabeled and unidentifiable material should be treated as hazardous. ■ Solids -Look for debris, or rubbish piles. Solid waste dumping often occurs on roadways with light traffic loads or in areas not easily visible from the traveled way. ■ Liquids -signs of illegal liquid dumping or discharge can include: Visible signs of staining or unusual colors to the pavement or surrounding adjacent soils Pungent odors coming from the drainage systems Discoloration or oily substances in the water or stains and residues detained within ditches, channels or drain boxes Abnormal water flow during the dry weather season ■ Urban Areas -Evidence of illicit connections or illegal discharges is typically detected at storm drain outfall locations or at manholes. Signs of an illicit connection or illegal discharge can include: Abnormal water flow during the dry weather season Unusual flows in sub drain systems used for dewatering Pungent odors coming from the drainage systems Discoloration or oily substances in the water or stains and residues detained within ditches, channels or drain boxes Excessive sediment deposits, particularly adjacent to or near active offsite construction projects ■ Rural Areas -Illicit connections or illegal discharges involving irrigation drainage ditches are detected by visual inspections. Signs of an illicit discharge can include: Abnormal water flow during the non-irrigation season Non-standard junction structures Broken concrete or other disturbances at or near junction structures Reporting Notify the owner of any illicit connections and illegal dumping or discharge incidents at the time of discovery. For illicit connections or discharges to the storm drain system, notify the local stormwater management agency. For illegal dumping, notify the local law enforcement agency. Cleanup and Removal The responsibility for cleanup and removal of illicit or illegal dumping or discharges will vary by location. Contact the local stormwater management agency for further information. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 3 Illicit Connection/Discharge NS-6 Costs Costs to look for and report illicit connections and illegal discharges and dumping are low. The best way to avoid costs associated with illicit connections and illegal discharges and dumping is to keep the project perimeters secure to prevent access to the site, to observe the site for vehicles that should not be there, and to document any waste or hazardous materials that exist onsite before taking possession of the site. Inspection and Maintenance ■ Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Inspect the site regularly to check for any illegal dumping or discharge. ■ Prohibit employees and subcontractors from disposing of non-job related debris or materials at the construction site. ■ Notify the owner of any illicit connections and illegal dumping or discharge incidents at the time of discovery. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 3 -- ----- ----- --- ----- ------------ Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning NS-8 Description and Pur pose Vehicle and equipment cleaning procedures and practices eliminate or reduce the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from vehicle and equipment cleaning operations. Procedures and practices include but are not limited to: using offsite facilities; washing in designated, contained areas only; eliminating discharges to the storm drain by infiltrating the wash water; and training employees and subcontractors in proper cleaning procedures. Suitable Applications These procedures are suitable on all construction sites where vehicle and equipment cleaning is performed. Limitations Even phosphate-free, biodegradable soaps have been shown to be toxic to fish before the soap degrades. Sending vehicles/equipment offsite should be done in conjunction with TC-1, Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit. Implementation Other options to washing equipment onsite include contracting with either an offsite or mobile commercial washing business. These businesses may be better equipped to handle and dispose of the wash waters properly. Performing this work offsite can also be economical by eliminating the need for a separate washing operation onsite. If washing operations are to take place onsite, then: January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Objective ~ Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None 0 If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUTOR.'IIA STORMWATtll o • n • n, " 10 1 of 3 Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning NS-8 ■ Use phosphate-free, biodegradable soaps. ■ Educate employees and subcontractors on pollution prevention measures. ■ Do not permit steam cleaning onsite. Steam cleaning can generate significant pollutant concentrates. ■ Cleaning of vehicles and equipment with soap, solvents or steam should not occur on the project site unless resulting wastes are fully contained and disposed of. Resulting wastes should not be discharged or buried, and must be captured and recycled or disposed according to the requirements ofWM-10, Liquid Waste Management or WM-6, Hazardous Waste Management, depending on the waste characteristics. Minimize use of solvents. Use of diesel for vehicle and equipment cleaning is prohibited. ■ All vehicles and equipment that regularly enter and leave the construction site must be cleaned offsite. ■ When vehicle and equipment washing and cleaning must occur onsite, and the operation cannot be located within a structure or building equipped with appropriate disposal facilities, the outside cleaning area should have the following characteristics: Located away from storm drain inlets, drainage facilities, or watercourses Paved with concrete or asphalt and bermed to contain wash waters and to prevent runon and runoff Configured with a sump to allow collection and disposal of wash water No discharge of wash waters to storm drains or watercourses Used only when necessary ■ When cleaning vehicles and equipment with water: Costs Use as little water as possible. High-pressure sprayers may use less water than a hose and should be considered Use positive shutoff valve to minimize water usage Facility wash racks should discharge to a sanitary sewer, recycle system or other approved discharge system and must not discharge to the storm drainage system, watercourses, or to groundwater Cleaning vehicles and equipment at an offsite facility may reduce overall costs for vehicle and equipment cleaning by eliminating the need to provide similar services onsite. When onsite cleaning is needed, the cost to establish appropriate facilities is relatively low on larger, long- duration projects, and moderate to high on small, short-duration projects. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 3 Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning NS-8 Inspection and Maintenance ■ Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. ■ Inspection and maintenance is minimal, although some berm repair may be necessary. ■ Monitor employees and subcontractors throughout the duration of the construction project to ensure appropriate practices are being implemented. ■ Inspect sump regularly and remove liquids and sediment as needed. ■ Prohibit employees and subcontractors from washing personal vehicles and equipment on the construction site. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Swisher, R.D. Surfactant Biodegradation, Marcel Decker Corporation, 1987. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 3 Vehicle and Equipment Fueling NS-9 Description and Purpose Vehicle equipment fueling procedures and practices are designed to prevent fuel spills and leaks, and reduce or eliminate contamination of stormwater. This can be accomplished by using offsite facilities, fueling in designated areas only, enclosing or covering stored fuel, implementing spill controls, and training employees and subcontractors in proper fueling procedures. Suitable Applications These procedures are suitable on all construction sites where vehicle and equipment fueling takes place. Limitations Onsite vehicle and equipment fueling should only be used where it is impractical to send vehicles and equipment offsite for fueling. Sending vehicles and equipment offsite should be done in conjunction with TC-1, Stabilized Construction Entrance/ Exit. Implementation ■ Use offsite fueling stations as much as possible. These businesses are better equipped to handle fuel and spills properly. Performing this work offsite can also be economical by eliminating the need for a separate fueling area at a site. ■ Discourage "topping-off' of fuel tanks. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Objective ~ Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None 0 If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CA.llfOR!'IIA STORMWATER 0 fl ,\ 0( '" 10 1 of 3 - -... ... .. • ... -.. ----... -... - -... ---... - -.. Vehicle and Equipment Fueling NS-9 ■ Absorbent spill cleanup materials and spill kits should be available in fueling areas and on fueling trucks, and should be disposed of properly after use . ■ Drip pans or absorbent pads should be used during vehicle and equipment fueling, unless the fueling is performed over an impermeable surface in a dedicated fueling area. ■ Use absorbent materials on small spills. Do not hose down or bury the spill. Remove the adsorbent materials promptly and dispose of properly . ■ Avoid mobile fueling of mobile construction equipment around the site; rather, transport the equipment to designated fueling areas. With the exception of tracked equipment such as bulldozers and large excavators, most vehicles should be able to travel to a designated area with little lost time. ■ Train employees and subcontractors in proper fueling and cleanup procedures . ■ When fueling must take place onsite, designate an area away from drainage courses to be used. Fueling areas should be identified in the SWPPP. ■ Dedicated fueling areas should be protected from stormwater runon and runoff, and should be located at least 50 ft away from downstream drainage facilities and watercourses. Fueling must be performed on level-grade areas. ■ Protect fueling areas with berms and dikes to prevent runon, runoff, and to contain spills. ■ Nozzles used in vehicle and equipment fueling should be equipped with an automatic shutoff to control drips. Fueling operations should not be left unattended . ■ Use vapor recovery nozzles to help control drips as well as air pollution where required by Air Quality Management Districts (AQMD). ■ Federal, state, and local requirements should be observed for any stationary above ground storage tanks . Costs ■ All of the above measures are low cost except for the capital costs of above ground tanks that meet all local environmental, zoning, and fire codes. Inspection and Maintenance ■ Inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Vehicles and equipment should be inspected each day of use for leaks. Leaks should be repaired immediately or problem vehicles or equipment should be removed from the project site. ■ Keep ample supplies of spill cleanup materials onsite . January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 3 Vehicle and Equipment Fueling NS-9 ■ Immediately clean up spills and properly dispose of contaminated soil and cleanup materials. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program: Program Development and Approval Guidance, Working Group Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992. Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 3 --- - ----- -------------------.. ------ Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance NS-10 Description and Purpose Prevent or reduce the contamination of stormwater resulting from vehicle and equipment maintenance by running a "dry and clean site". The best option would be to perform maintenance activities at an offsite facility. If this option is not available then work should be performed in designated areas only, while providing cover for materials stored outside, checking for leaks and spills, and containing and cleaning up spills immediately. Employees and subcontractors must be trained in proper procedures. Su itable Applications These procedures are suitable on all construction projects where an onsite yard area is necessary for storage and maintenance of heavy equipment and vehicles. Limitations Onsite vehicle and equipment maintenance should only be used where it is impractical to send vehicles and equipment offsite for maintenance and repair. Sending vehicles/equipment offsite should be done in conjunction with TC-1, Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit. Outdoor vehicle or equipment maintenance is a potentially significant source of stormwater pollution. Activities that can contaminate stormwater include engine repair and service, changing or replacement of fluids, and outdoor equipment storage and parking (engine fluid leaks). For further information on vehicle or equipment servicing, see NS-8, January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Objective ~ Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment 0 Nutrients 0 Trash 0 Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease 0 Organics 0 Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUf-OR.'ilA STORMWATER Qt lfl ,, OC-1 fO 1 of 4 Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance NS-10 Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning, and NS-9, Vehicle and Equipment Fueling. I mplementation ■ Use offsite repair shops as much as possible. These businesses are better equipped to handle vehicle fluids and spills properly. Performing this work offsite can also be economical by eliminating the need for a separate maintenance area. ■ If maintenance must occur onsite, use designated areas, located away from drainage courses. Dedicated maintenance areas should be protected from stormwater runon and runoff, and should be located at least 50 ft from downstream drainage facilities and watercourses. ■ Drip pans or absorbent pads should be used during vehicle and equipment maintenance work that involves fluids, unless the maintenance work is performed over an impermeable surface in a dedicated maintenance area. ■ Place a stockpile of spill cleanup materials where it will be readily accessible. ■ All fueling trucks and fueling areas are required to have spill kits and/or use other spill protection devices. ■ Use adsorbent materials on small spills. Remove the absorbent materials promptly and dispose of properly. ■ Inspect onsite vehicles and equipment daily at startup for leaks, and repair immediately. ■ Keep vehicles and equipment clean; do not allow excessive build-up of oil and grease. ■ Segregate and recycle wastes, such as greases, used oil or oil filters, antifreeze, cleaning solutions, automotive batteries, hydraulic and transmission fluids. Provide secondary containment and covers for these materials if stored onsite. ■ Train employees and subcontractors in proper maintenance and spill cleanup procedures. ■ Drip pans or plastic sheeting should be placed under all vehicles and equipment placed on docks, barges, or other structures over water bodies when the vehicle or equipment is planned to be idle for more than 1 hour. ■ For long-term projects, consider using portable tents or covers over maintenance areas if maintenance cannot be performed offsite. ■ Consider use of new, alternative greases and lubricants, such as adhesive greases, for chassis lubrication and fifth-wheel lubrication. ■ Properly dispose of used oils, fluids, lubricants, and spill cleanup materials. ■ Do not place used oil in a dumpster or pour into a storm drain or watercourse. ■ Properly dispose of or recycle used batteries. ■ Do not bury used tires. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 4 .. ... -.. - • .... -.. .. .. - - .. - - ·• -- .. -.. -,.. - Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance NS-10 ■ Repair leaks of fluids and oil immediately. Listed below is further information if you must perform vehicle or equipment maintenance onsite . Safer Alternative Products ■ Consider products that are less toxic or hazardous than regular products. These products are often sold under an "environmentally friendly" label. ■ Consider use of grease substitutes for lubrication of truck fifth-wheels. Follow manufacturers label for details on specific uses. ■ Consider use of plastic friction plates on truck fifth-wheels in lieu of grease. Follow manufacturers label for details on specific uses . Waste Reduction Parts are often cleaned using solvents such as trichloroethylene, trichloroethane, or methylene chloride. Many of these cleaners are listed in California Toxic Rule as priority pollutants. These materials are harmful and must not contaminate stormwater. They must be disposed of as a hazardous waste. Reducing the number of solvents makes recycling easier and reduces hazardous waste management costs. Often, one solvent can perform a job as well as two different solvents. Also, if possible, eliminate or reduce the amount of hazardous materials and waste by substituting non-hazardous or less hazardous materials. For example, replace chlorinated organic solvents with non-chlorinated solvents. Non-chlorinated solvents like kerosene or mineral spirits are less toxic and less expensive to dispose of properly. Check the list of active ingredients to see whether it contains chlorinated solvents. The "chlor" term indicates that the solvent is chlorinated. Also, try substituting a wire brush for solvents to clean parts. Recycling and Disposal Separating wastes allows for easier recycling and may reduce disposal costs. Keep hazardous wastes separate, do not mix used oil solvents, and keep chlorinated solvents (like,- trichloroethane) separate from non-chlorinated solvents (like kerosene and mineral spirits). Promptly transfer used fluids to the proper waste or recycling drums. Don't leave full drip pans or other open containers lying around. Provide cover and secondary containment until these materials can be removed from the site. Oil filters can be recycled. Ask your oil supplier or recycler about recycling oil filters. Do not dispose of extra paints and coatings by dumping liquid onto the ground or throwing it into dumpsters. Allow coatings to dry or harden before disposal into covered dumpsters. Store cracked batteries in a non-leaking secondary container. Do this with all cracked batteries, even if you think all the acid has drained out. If you drop a battery, treat it as if it is cracked . Put it into the containment area until you are sure it is not leaking. Costs All of the above are low cost measures. Higher costs are incurred to setup and maintain onsite maintenance areas . January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www .casqa.org 3 of 4 Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance NS-10 Inspection and Maintenance ■ Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. ■ Keep ample supplies of spill cleanup materials onsite. ■ Maintain waste fluid containers in leak proof condition. ■ Vehicles and equipment should be inspected on each day of use. Leaks should be repaired immediately or the problem vehicle(s) or equipment should be removed from the project site. ■ Inspect equipment for damaged hoses and leaky gaskets routinely. Repair or replace as needed. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program; Program Development and Approval Guidance, Working Group, Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992. Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 4 of 4 -• ----- ----- ----------- --- - - ·- - Concrete Curing Descript ion and Purpose Concrete curing is used in the construction of structures such as bridges, retaining walls, pump houses, large slabs, and structured foundations. Concrete curing includes the use of both chemical and water methods. Concrete and its associated curing materials have basic chemical properties that can raise the pH of water to levels outside of the permitted range. Discharges of storm water and non-stormwater exposed to concrete during curing may have a high pH and may contain chemicals, metals, and fines. The General Permit incorporates Numeric Action Levels (NAL) for pH (see Section 2 of this handbook to determine your project's risk level and if you are subject to these requirements). Proper procedures and care should be taken when managing concrete curing materials to prevent them from coming into contact with stormwater flows, which could result in a high pH discharge. Suitable Applications Suitable applications include all projects where Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) and concrete curing chemicals are placed where they can be exposed to rainfall, runoff from other areas, or where runoff from the PCC will leave the site. Limitations ■ Runoff contact with concrete waste can raise pH levels in the water to environmentally harmful levels and trigger permit violations. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org NS-12 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater 0 Management Control WM Waste Management and 0 Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Category fgJ Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment 0 Nutrients Trash Metals 0 Bacteria Oil and Grease 0 Organics Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUFORNIA STOllMWATU UL II l 1 of 3 Concrete Curing NS-12 Implementation Chemical Curing ■ Avoid over spray of curing compounds. ■ Minimize the drift by applying the curing compound close to the concrete surface. Apply an amount of compound that covers the surface, but does not allow any runoff of the compound. ■ Use proper storage and handling techniques for concrete curing compounds. Refer to WM- 1, Material Delivery and Storage. ■ Protect drain inlets prior to the application of curing compounds. ■ Refer to WM-4, Spill Prevention and Control. Water Curing for Bridge Decks, Retaining Walls, and other Structures ■ Direct cure water away from inlets and watercourses to collection areas for evaporation or other means of removal in accordance with all applicable permits. See WM-8 Concrete Waste Management. ■ Collect cure water at the top of slopes and transport to a concrete waste management area in a non-erosive manner. See EC-9 Earth Dikes and Drainage Swales, EC-10, Velocity Dissipation Devices, and EC-11, Slope Drains. ■ Utilize wet blankets or a similar method that maintains moisture while minimizing the use and possible discharge of water. Education • Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers on proper concrete curing techniques to prevent contact with discharge as described herein. • Arrange for the QSP or the appropriately trained contractor's superintendent or representative to oversee and enforce concrete curing procedures. Costs All of the above measures are generally low cost. Inspection and Maintenance ■ Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. ■ BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 3 Concrete Curing NS-12 ■ Sample non-stormwater discharges and stormwater runoff that contacts uncured and partially cured concrete as required by the General Permit. ■ Ensure that employees and subcontractors implement appropriate measures for storage, handling, and use of curing compounds. ■ Inspect cure containers and spraying equipment for leaks. References Blue Print for a Clean Bay-Construction-Related Industries: Best Management Practices for Stormwater Pollution Prevention; Santa Clara Valley Non Point Source Pollution Control Program, 1992. Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 3 Concrete Finishing Description and Purpose Concrete finishing methods are used for bridge deck rehabilitation, paint removal, curing compound removal, and final surface finish appearances. Methods include sand blasting, shot blasting, grinding, or high pressure water blasting. Stormwater and non-stormwater exposed to concrete finishing by-products may have a high pH and may contain chemicals, metals, and fines. Proper procedures and implementation of appropriate BMPs can minimize the impact that concrete-finishing methods may have on stormwater and non-stormwater discharges. The General Permit incorporates Numeric Action Levels (NAL) for pH (see Section 2 of this handbook to determine your project's risk level and if you are subject to these requirements). Concrete and its associated curing materials have basic chemical properties that can raise pH levels outside of the permitted range. Additional care should be taken when managing these materials to prevent them from coming into contact with stormwater flows, which could lead to exceedances of the General Permit requirements. Suitable Applications These procedures apply to all construction locations where concrete finishing operations are performed. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org NS-13 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater 0 Management Control WM Waste Management and 0 Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Category IE] Secondary Category Targeted Const ituents Sediment 0 Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUroRNIA STOllMWATCR \,11 .\ I ,1io_,ot.14f ,, 1 of 3 .. .. .. .. .. --.. .. ... ... .. .. .. - - .. - - - - - .. Concrete Finishing NS-13 Limitations ■ Runoff contact with concrete waste can raise pH levels in the water to environmentally harmful levels and trigger permit violations. Implementation ■ Collect and properly dispose of water from high-pressure water blasting operations . ■ Collect contaminated water from blasting operations at the top of slopes. Transport or dispose of contaminated water while using BMPs such as those for erosion control. Refer to EC-9, Earth Dikes and Drainage Swales, EC-10, Velocity Dissipation Devices, and EC-11, Slope Drains . ■ Direct water from blasting operations away from inlets and watercourses to collection areas for infiltration or other means of removal (dewatering). Refer to NS-2 Dewatering Operations . ■ Protect inlets during sandblasting operations. Refer to SE-10, Storm Drain Inlet Protection . ■ Refer to WM-8, Concrete Waste Management for disposal of concrete debris . ■ Minimize the drift of dust and blast material as much as possible by keeping the blasting nozzle close to the surface. ■ When blast residue contains a potentially hazardous waste, refer to WM-6, Hazardous Waste Management. Education ■ Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers on proper concrete finishing techniques to prevent contact with discharge as described herein. ■ Arrange for the QSP or the appropriately trained contractor's superintendent or representative to oversee and enforce concrete finishing procedures . Costs These measures are generally of low cost. Inspection and Maintenance ■ Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. ■ BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. ■ Sample non-stormwater discharges and stormwater runoff that contacts concrete dust and debris as required by the General Permit. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 3 Concrete Finishing NS-13 ■ Sweep or vacuum up debris from sandblasting at the end of each shift. ■ At the end of each work shift, remove and contain liquid and solid waste from containment structures, if any, and from the general work area. ■ Inspect containment structures for damage prior to use and prior to onset of forecasted rain. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 3 --- --------------------------- -- - Material Delivery and Storage WM-1 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and 0 Materials Pollution Control Legend: ltJ Primary Category ~ Secondary Category Descript ion and Purpose Targeted Constituents Prevent, reduce, or eliminate the discharge of pollutants from material delivery and storage to the stormwater system or watercourses by minimizing the storage of hazardous materials onsite, storing materials in watertight containers and/or a completely enclosed designated area, installing secondary containment, conducting regular inspections, and training employees and subcontractors. This best management practice covers only material delivery and storage. For other information on materials, see WM-2, Material Use, or WM-4, Spill Prevention and Control. For information on wastes, see the waste management BMPs in this section. Suitable Applications These procedures are suitable for use at all construction sites with delivery and storage of the following materials: ■ Soil stabilizers and binders ■ Pesticides and herbicides ■ Fertilizers ■ Detergents ■ Plaster ■ Petroleum products such as fuel, oil, and grease November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alt ernatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUfORNIA STOJWWATal UI.-A. tty " ,,. ) l,\ I 1 of s Material Delivery and Storage WM-1 ■ Asphalt and concrete components ■ Hazardous chemicals such as acids, lime, glues, adhesives, paints, solvents, and curing compounds ■ Concrete compounds ■ Other materials that may be detrimental if released to the environment Limitations ■ Space limitation may preclude indoor storage. ■ Storage sheds often must meet building and fire code requirements. Implementation The following steps should be taken to minimize risk: ■ Chemicals must be stored in water tight containers with appropriate secondary containment or in a storage shed. ■ When a material storage area is located on bare soil, the area should be lined and bermed. ■ Use containment pallets or other practical and available solutions, such as storing materials within newly constructed buildings or garages, to meet material storage requirements. ■ Stack erodible landscape material on pallets and cover when not in use. ■ Contain all fertilizers and other landscape materials when not in use. ■ Temporary storage areas should be located away from vehicular traffic. ■ Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) should be available on-site for all materials stored that have the potential to effect water quality. ■ Construction site areas should be designated for material delivery and storage. ■ Material delivery and storage areas should be located away from waterways, if possible. Avoid transport near drainage paths or waterways. Surround with earth berms or other appropriate containment BMP. See EC-9, Earth Dikes and Drainage Swales. Place in an area that will be paved. ■ Storage of reactive, ignitable, or flammable liquids must comply with the fire codes of your area. Contact the local Fire Marshal to review site materials, quantities, and proposed storage area to determine specific requirements. See the Flammable and Combustible Liquid Code, NFP A30. ■ An up to date inventory of materials delivered and stored onsite should be kept. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 5 -... -- --- - - .. .. - • - --.. • .. • .. .. .. .. Material Delivery and Storage WM-1 ■ Hazardous materials storage onsite should be minimized. ■ Hazardous materials should be handled as infrequently as possible. ■ Keep ample spill cleanup supplies appropriate for the materials being stored. Ensure that cleanup supplies are in a conspicuous, labeled area. ■ Employees and subcontractors should be trained on the proper material delivery and storage practices. ■ Employees trained in emergency spill cleanup procedures must be present when dangerous materials or liquid chemicals are unloaded. ■ If significant residual materials remain on the ground after construction is complete, properly remove and dispose of materials and any contaminated soil. See WM-7, Contaminated Soil Management. If the area is to be paved, pave as soon as materials are removed to stabilize the soil. Material Storage Areas and Practices ■ Liquids, petroleum products, and substances listed in 40 CFR Parts 110, 117, or 302 should be stored in approved containers and drums and should not be overfilled. Containers and drums should be placed in temporary containment facilities for storage . ■ A temporary containment facility should provide for a spill containment volume able to contain precipitation from a 25 year storm event, plus the greater of 10% of the aggregate volume of all containers or 100% of the capacity of the largest container within its boundary, whichever is greater. ■ A temporary containment facility should be impervious to the materials stored therein for a minimum contact time of 72 hours . ■ A temporary containment facility should be maintained free of accumulated rainwater and spills. In the event of spills or leaks, accumulated rainwater and spills should be collected and placed into drums. These liquids should be handled as a hazardous waste unless testing determines them to be non-hazardous. All collected liquids or non-hazardous liquids should be sent to an approved disposal site. ■ Sufficient separation should be provided between stored containers to allow for spill cleanup and emergency response access . ■ Incompatible materials, such as chlorine and ammonia, should not be stored in the same temporary containment facility . ■ Materials should be covered prior to, and during rain events. ■ Materials should be stored in their original containers and the original product labels should be maintained in place in a legible condition. Damaged or otherwise illegible labels should be replaced immediately . November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 5 Material Delivery and Storage WM-1 ■ Bagged and boxed materials should be stored on pallets and should not be allowed to accumulate on the ground. To provide protection from wind and rain throughout the rainy season, bagged and boxed materials should be covered during non-working days and prior to and during rain events. ■ Stockpiles should be protected in accordance with WM-3, Stockpile Management. ■ Materials should be stored indoors within existing structures or completely enclosed storage sheds when available. ■ Proper storage instructions should be posted at all times in an open and conspicuous location. ■ An ample supply of appropriate spill clean up material should be kept near storage areas. ■ Also see WM-6, Hazardous Waste Management, for storing of hazardous wastes. Material Delivery Practices ■ Keep an accurate, up-to-date inventory of material delivered and stored onsite. ■ Arrange for employees trained in emergency spill cleanup procedures to be present when dangerous materials or liquid chemicals are unloaded. Spill Cleanup ■ Contain and clean up any spill immediately. ■ Properly remove and dispose of any hazardous materials or contaminated soil if significant residual materials remain on the ground after construction is complete. See WM-7, Contaminated Soil Management. ■ See WM-4, Spill Prevention and Control, for spills of chemicals and/ or hazardous materials. ■ If spills or leaks of materials occur that are not contained and could discharge to surface waters, non-visible sampling of site discharge may be required. Refer to the General Permit or to your project specific Construction Site Monitoring Plan to determine if and where sampling is required. Cost ■ The largest cost of implementation may be in the construction of a materials storage area that is covered and provides secondary containment. Inspection and Maintenance ■ BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Keep storage areas clean and well organized, including a current list of all materials onsite. ■ Inspect labels on containers for legibility and accuracy. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 4 of s ----------- -------------------• ----- Material Delivery and Storage WM-1 ■ Repair or replace perimeter controls, containment structures, covers, and liners as needed to maintain proper function. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program: Program Development and Approval Guidance, Working Group Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992. Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 5 of 5 Material Use Description and Purpose Prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to the storm drain system or watercourses from material use by using alternative products, minimizing hazardous material use onsite, and training employees and subcontractors. Suitable Applications This BMP is suitable for use at all construction projects. These procedures apply when the following materials are used or prepared onsite: ■ Pesticides and herbicides ■ Fertilizers ■ Detergents ■ Petroleum products such as fuel, oil, and grease ■ Asphalt and other concrete components ■ Other hazardous chemicals such as acids, lime, glues, adhesives, paints, solvents, and curing compounds ■ Other materials that may be detrimental if released to the environment November 2009 Califo rnia Stormwater BM P Handbook Construction www.casqa.org WM-2 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and 0 Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Category ~ Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment 0 Nutrients 0 Trash 0 Metals 0 Bacteria Oil and Grease 0 Organics 0 Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUTORNIA STORM WATER QlA Cl' ,:11ot..J I U 1 of 4 Material Use WM-2 Limitations Safer alternative building and construction products may not be available or suitable in every instance. Implementation The following steps should be taken to minimize risk: ■ Minimize use of hazardous materials onsite. ■ Follow manufacturer instructions regarding uses, protective equipment, ventilation, flammability, and mixing of chemicals. ■ Train personnel who use pesticides. The California Department of Pesticide Regulation and county agricultural commissioners license pesticide dealers, certify pesticide applicators, and conduct onsite inspections. ■ The preferred method of termiticide application is soil injection near the existing or proposed structure foundation/slab; however, if not feasible, soil drench application of termiticides should follow EPA label guidelines and the following recommendations (most of which are applicable to most pesticide applications): ■ Do not treat soil that is water-saturated or frozen. ■ Application shall not commence within 24-hours of a predicted precipitation event with a 40% or greater probability. Weather tracking must be performed on a daily basis prior to termiticide application and during the period of termiticide application. ■ Do not allow treatment chemicals to runoff from the target area. Apply proper quantity to prevent excess runoff. Provide containment for and divert stormwater from application areas using berms or diversion ditches during application. ■ Dry season: Do not apply within 10 feet of storm drains. Do not apply within 25 feet of aquatic habitats (such as, but not limited to, lakes; reservoirs; rivers; permanent streams; marshes or ponds; estuaries; and commercial fish farm ponds). ■ Wet season: Do not apply within 50 feet of storm drains or aquatic habitats (such as, but not limited to, lakes; reservoirs; rivers; permanent streams; marshes or ponds; estuaries; and commercial fish farm ponds) unless a vegetative buffer is present (if so, refer to dry season requirements). ■ Do not make on-grade applications when sustained wind speeds are above 10 mph (at application site) at nozzle end height. ■ Cover treatment site prior to a rain event in order to prevent run-off of the pesticide into non-target areas. The treated area should be limited to a size that can be backfilled and/ or covered by the end of the work shift. Backfilling or covering of the treated area shall be done by the end of the same work shift in which the application is made. ■ The applicator must either cover the soil him/herself or provide written notification of the above requirement to the contractor on site and to the person commissioning the November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 4 Material Use WM-2 application (if different than the contractor). If notice is provided to the contractor or the person commissioning the application, then they are responsible under the Federal Insecticide Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) to ensure that: 1) if the concrete slab cannot be poured over the treated soil within 24 hours of application, the treated soil is covered with a waterproof covering (such as polyethylene sheeting), and 2) the treated soil is covered if precipitation is predicted to occur before the concrete slab is scheduled to be poured. ■ Do not over-apply fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides. Prepare only the amount needed. Follow the recommended usage instructions. Over-application is expensive and environmentally harmful. Unless on steep slopes, till fertilizers into the soil rather than hydraulic application. Apply surface dressings in several smaller applications, as opposed to one large application, to allow time for infiltration and to avoid excess material being carried offsite by runoff. Do not apply these chemicals before predicted rainfall. ■ Train employees and subcontractors in proper material use. ■ Supply Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all materials. ■ Dispose oflatex paint and paint cans, used brushes, rags, absorbent materials, and drop cloths, when thoroughly dry and are no longer hazardous, with other construction debris. ■ Do not remove the original product label; it contains important safety and disposal information. Use the entire product before disposing of the container. ■ Mix paint indoors or in a containment area. Never clean paintbrushes or rinse paint containers into a street, gutter, storm drain, or watercourse. Dispose of any paint thinners, residue, and sludge(s) that cannot be recycled, as hazardous waste. ■ For water-based paint, clean brushes to the extent practicable, and rinse to a drain leading to a sanitary sewer where permitted, or contain for proper disposal off site. For oil-based paints, clean brushes to the extent practicable, and filter and reuse thinners and solvents. ■ Use recycled and less hazardous products when practical. Recycle residual paints, solvents, non-treated lumber, and other materials. ■ Use materials only where and when needed to complete the construction activity. Use safer alternative materials as much as possible. Reduce or eliminate use of hazardous materials onsite when practical. ■ Document the location, time, chemicals applied, and applicator's name and qualifications. ■ Keep an ample supply of spill clean up material near use areas. Train employees in spill clean up procedures. ■ Avoid exposing applied materials to rainfall and runoff unless sufficient time has been allowed for them to dry. ■ Discontinue use of erodible landscape material within 2 days prior to a forecasted rain event and materials should be covered and/ or berm ed. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 4 Material Use WM-2 ■ Provide containment for material use areas such as masons' areas or paint mixing/preparation areas to prevent materials/pollutants from entering stormwater. Costs All of the above are low cost measures. Inspection and Maintenance ■ Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. ■ BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Ensure employees and subcontractors throughout the job are using appropriate practices. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program: Program Development and Approval Guidance, Working Group Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992. Comments on Risk Assessments Risk Reduction Options for Cypermethrin: Docket No. OPP- 2005-0293; California Stormwater Quality Association (CASQA) letter to USEPA, 2006.Environmental Hazard and General Labeling for Pyrethroid Non-Agricultural Outdoor Products, EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0331-0021; USEPA, 2008. Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 4 of 4 Stockpile Management Description and Purpose Stockpile management procedures and practices are designed to reduce or eliminate air and stormwater pollution from stockpiles of soil, soil amendments, sand, paving materials such as portland cement concrete (PCC) rubble, asphalt concrete (AC), asphalt concrete rubble, aggregate base, aggregate sub base or pre-mixed aggregate, asphalt minder (so called "cold mix" asphalt), and pressure treated wood. Suitable Applications Implement in all projects that stockpile soil and other loose materials. Limitations ■ Plastic sheeting as a stockpile protection is temporary and hard to manage in windy conditions. Where plastic is used, consider use of plastic tarps with nylon reinforcement which may be more durable than standard sheeting. ■ Plastic sheeting can increase runoff volume due to lack of infiltration and potentially cause perimeter control failure. ■ Plastic sheeting breaks down faster in sunlight. ■ The use of Plastic materials and photodegradable plastics should be avoided. Implementation Protection of stockpiles is a year-round requirement. To properly manage stockpiles: July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www .casqa.org WM-3 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control ~ TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater ~ Management Control WM Waste Management and 0 Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Category ~ Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment 0 Nutrients 0 Trash 0 Metals 0 Bacteria Oil and Grease 0 Organics 0 Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fa ct sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CALlfORNIA STORMWATEII Q\,.,\ tlt ,,c..,<.JA,110 1 of 3 Stockpile Management WM-3 ■ On larger sites, a minimum of 50 ft separation from concentrated flows of stormwater, drainage courses, and inlets is recommended. ■ After 14 days of inactivity, a stockpile is non-active and requires further protection described below. All stockpiles are required to be protected as non-active stockpiles immediately if they are not scheduled to be used within 14 days. ■ Protect all stockpiles from stormwater runon using temporary perimeter sediment barriers such as compost berms (SE-13), temporary silt dikes (SE-12), fiber rolls (SE-5), silt fences (SE-1), sandbags (SE-8), gravel bags (SE-6), or biofilter bags (SE-14). Refer to the individual fact sheet for each of these controls for installation information. ■ Implement wind erosion control practices as appropriate on all stockpiled material. For specific information, see WE-1, Wind Erosion Control. ■ Manage stockpiles of contaminated soil in accordance with WM-7, Contaminated Soil Management. ■ Place bagged materials on pallets and under cover. ■ Ensure that stockpile coverings are installed securely to protect from wind and rain. ■ Some plastic covers withstand weather and sunlight better than others. Select cover materials or methods based on anticipated duration of use. Protection of Non-Active Stockpiles A stockpile is considered non-active if it either is not used for 14 days or if it is scheduled not to be used for 14 days or more. Stockpiles need to be protected immediately if they are not scheduled to be used within 14 days. Non-active stockpiles of the identified materials should be protected as follows: Soil stockpiles ■ Soil stockpiles should be covered or protected with soil stabilization measures and a temporary perimeter sediment barrier at all times. ■ Temporary vegetation should be considered for topsoil piles that will be stockpiled for extended periods. Stockpiles of Portland cement concrete rubble, asphalt concrete, asphalt concrete rubble, aggregate base, or aggregate sub base ■ Stockpiles should be covered and protected with a temporary perimeter sediment barrier at all times. Stockpiles of"cold mix" ■ Cold mix stockpiles should be placed on and covered with plastic sheeting or comparable material at all times and surrounded by a berm. Stockpiles of fly ash, stucco, hydrated lime July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 3 Stockpile Management WM-3 ■ Stockpiles of materials that may raise the pH of runoff (i.e., basic materials) should be covered with plastic and surrounded by a berm. Stockpiles/Storage of wood (Pressure treated with chromated copper arsenate or ammoniacal copper zinc arsenate ■ Treated wood should be covered with plastic sheeting or comparable material at all times and surrounded by a berm. Protection of Active Stockpiles A stockpile is active when it is being used or is scheduled to be used within 14 days of the previous use. Active stockpiles of the identified materials should be protected as follows: ■ All stockpiles should be covered and protected with a temporary linear sediment barrier prior to the onset of precipitation. ■ Stockpiles of "cold mix" and treated wood, and basic materials should be placed on and covered with plastic sheeting or comparable material and surrounded by a berm prior to the onset of precipitation. ■ The downstream perimeter of an active stockpile should be protected with a linear sediment barrier or berm and runoff should be diverted around or away from the stockpile on the upstream perimeter. Costs For cost information associated with stockpile protection refer to the individual erosion or sediment control BMP fact sheet considered for implementation (For example, refer to SE-1 Silt Fence for installation of silt fence around the perimeter of a stockpile.) Inspection and Maintenance ■ Stockpiles must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ It may be necessary to inspect stockpiles covered with plastic sheeting more frequently during certain conditions (for example, high winds or extreme heat). ■ Repair and/or replace perimeter controls and covers as needed to keep them functioning properly. ■ Sediment shall be removed when it reaches one-third of the barrier height. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 3 Spill Prevention and Control Description and Pu rpose Prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to drainage systems or watercourses from leaks and spills by reducing the chance for spills, stopping the source of spills, containing and cleaning up spills, properly disposing of spill materials, and training employees. This best management practice covers only spill prevention and control. However, WM-1, Materials Delivery and Storage, and WM-2, Material Use, also contain useful information, particularly on spill prevention. For information on wastes, see the waste management BMPs in this section. Suitable Applications This BMP is suitable for all construction projects. Spill control procedures are implemented anytime chemicals or hazardous substances are stored on the construction site, including the following materials: ■ Soil stabilizers/binders ■ Dust palliatives ■ Herbicides ■ Growth inhibitors ■ Fertilizers ■ Deicing/anti-icing chemicals January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org WM-4 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and 0 Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Objective ~ Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment 0 Nutrients 0 Trash 0 Metals 0 Bacteria Oil and Grease 0 Organics 0 Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version . CALITOR..'UA STORMWATEJt Qt tT, n( J 10 1 of 6 Spill Prevention and Control ■ Fuels ■ Lubricants ■ Other petroleum distillates Limit ations ■ In some cases it may be necessary to use a private spill cleanup company. ■ This BMP applies to spills caused by the contractor and subcontractors. WM-4 ■ Procedures and practices presented in this BMP are general. Contractor should identify appropriate practices for the specific materials used or stored onsite Implementation The following steps will help reduce the stormwater impacts ofleaks and spills: Education ■ Be aware that different materials pollute in different amounts. Make sure that each employee knows what a "significant spill" is for each material they use, and what is the appropriate response for "significant" and "insignificant" spills. ■ Educate employees and subcontractors on potential dangers to humans and the environment from spills and leaks. ■ Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce appropriate disposal procedures (incorporate into regular safety meetings). ■ Establish a continuing education program to indoctrinate new employees. ■ Have contractor's superintendent or representative oversee and enforce proper spill prevention and control measures. General Measures ■ To the extent that the work can be accomplished safely, spills of oil, petroleum products, substances listed under 40 CFR parts 110,117, and 302, and sanitary and septic wastes should be contained and cleaned up immediately. ■ Store hazardous materials and wastes in covered containers and protect from vandalism. ■ Place a stockpile of spill cleanup materials where it will be readily accessible. ■ Train employees in spill prevention and cleanup. ■ Designate responsible individuals to oversee and enforce control measures. ■ Spills should be covered and protected from stormwater runon during rainfall to the extent that it doesn't compromise clean up activities. ■ Do not bury or wash spills with water. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 6 ◄ .. .. .. 11 .. .. .. .. ... - "' .. .. .. - .. - .. .. -.. .. .. Spill Prevention and Control WM-4 ■ Store and dispose of used clean up materials, contaminated materials, and recovered spill material that is no longer suitable for the intended purpose in conformance with the provisions in applicable BMPs . ■ Do not allow water used for cleaning and decontamination to enter storm drains or watercourses. Collect and dispose of contaminated water in accordance with WM-10, Liquid Waste Management. ■ Contain water overflow or minor water spillage and do not allow it to discharge into drainage facilities or watercourses. ■ Place proper storage, cleanup, and spill reporting instructions for hazardous materials stored or used on the project site in an open, conspicuous, and accessible location. ■ Keep waste storage areas clean, well organized, and equipped with ample cleanup supplies as appropriate for the materials being stored. Perimeter controls, containment structures, covers, and liners should be repaired or replaced as needed to maintain proper function . Cleanup ■ Clean up leaks and spills immediately . ■ Use a rag for small spills on paved surfaces, a damp mop for general cleanup, and absorbent material for larger spills. If the spilled material is hazardous, then the used cleanup materials are also hazardous and must be sent to either a certified laundry (rags) or disposed of as hazardous waste. ■ Never hose down or bury dry material spills. Clean up as much of the material as possible and dispose of properly. See the waste management BMPs in this section for specific information. Minor Spills ■ Minor spills typically involve small quantities of oil, gasoline, paint, etc. which can be controlled by the first responder at the discovery of the spill . ■ Use absorbent materials on small spills rather than hosing down or burying the spill . ■ Absorbent materials should be promptly removed and disposed of properly. ■ Follow the practice below for a minor spill: Contain the spread of the spill . Recover spilled materials. Clean the contaminated area and properly dispose of contaminated materials. Semi-Sign(ficant Spills ■ Semi-significant spills still can be controlled by the first responder along with the aid of other personnel such as laborers and the foreman, etc. This response may require the cessation of all other activities . January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 6 Spill Prevention and Control WM-4 ■ Spills should be cleaned up immediately: Contain spread of the spill. Notify the project foreman immediately. If the spill occurs on paved or impermeable surfaces, clean up using "dry" methods (absorbent materials, cat litter and/or rags). Contain the spill by encircling with absorbent materials and do not let the spill spread widely. If the spill occurs in dirt areas, immediately contain the spill by constructing an earthen dike. Dig up and properly dispose of contaminated soil. If the spill occurs during rain, cover spill with tarps or other material to prevent contaminating runoff. Significant/Hazardous Spills ■ For significant or hazardous spills that cannot be controlled by personnel in the immediate vicinity, the following steps should be taken: Notify the local emergency response by dialing 911. In addition to 911, the contractor will notify the proper county officials. It is the contractor's responsibility to have all emergency phone numbers at the construction site. Notify the Governor's Office of Emergency Services Warning Center, ( 916) 845-8911. For spills of federal reportable quantities, in conformance with the requirements in 40 CFR parts 110,119, and 302, the contractor should notify the National Response Center at (800) 424-8802. Notification should first be made by telephone and followed up with a written report. The services of a spills contractor or a Haz-Mat team should be obtained immediately. Construction personnel should not attempt to clean up until the appropriate and qualified staffs have arrived at the job site. Other agencies which may need to be consulted include, but are not limited to, the Fire Department, the Public Works Department, the Coast Guard, the Highway Patrol, the City/County Police Department, Department of Toxic Substances, California Division of Oil and Gas, Cal/OSHA, etc. Reporting ■ Report significant spills to local agencies, such as the Fire Department; they can assist in cleanup. ■ Federal regulations require that any significant oil spill into a water body or onto an adjoining shoreline be reported to the National Response Center (NRC) at 800-424-8802 (24 hours). Use the following measures related to specific activities: January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 4 of 6 -----,~·----~ .. • -• -.. --.. • .. • .. • --- • - • ---• -----.. --.. .. -.. .. • • .. -.. - - ---... -- - --- - - --- - ---.. -- Spill Prevention and Control WM-4 Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance ■ If maintenance must occur onsite, use a designated area and a secondary containment, located away from drainage courses, to prevent the runon of stormwater and the runoff of spills. ■ Regularly inspect onsite vehicles and equipment for leaks and repair immediately ■ Check incoming vehicles and equipment (including delivery trucks, and employee and subcontractor vehicles) for leaking oil and fluids. Do not allow leaking vehicles or equipment onsite. ■ Always use secondary containment, such as a drain pan or drop cloth, to catch spills or leaks when removing or changing fluids. ■ Place drip pans or absorbent materials under paving equipment when not in use. ■ Use absorbent materials on small spills rather than hosing down or burying the spill. Remove the absorbent materials promptly and dispose of properly. ■ Promptly transfer used fluids to the proper waste or recycling drums. Don't leave full drip pans or other open containers lying around ■ Oil filters disposed of in trashcans or dumpsters can leak oil and pollute stormwater. Place the oil filter in a funnel over a waste oil-recycling drum to drain excess oil before disposal. Oil filters can also be recycled. Ask the oil supplier or recycler about recycling oil filters. ■ Store cracked batteries in a non-leaking secondary container. Do this with all cracked batteries even if you think all the acid has drained out. If you drop a battery, treat it as if it is cracked. Put it into the containment area until you are sure it is not leaking. Vehicle and Equipment Fueling ■ If fueling must occur onsite, use designate areas, located away from drainage courses, to prevent the runon of stormwater and the runoff of spills. ■ Discourage "topping off' of fuel tanks. ■ Always use secondary containment, such as a drain pan, when fueling to catch spills/ leaks. Costs Prevention of leaks and spills is inexpensive. Treatment and/ or disposal of contaminated soil or water can be quite expensive. Inspection and Maintenance ■ Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www .casqa.org 5 of 6 Spill Prevention and Control WM-4 ■ Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharge daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. ■ Keep ample supplies of spill control and cleanup materials onsite, near storage, unloading, and maintenance areas. ■ Update your spill prevention and control plan and stock cleanup materials as changes occur in the types of chemicals onsite. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 6 of 6 ------- ------------- - ----------- -- Solid Waste Management Description and Purpose Solid waste management procedures and practices are designed to prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from solid or construction waste by providing designated waste collection areas and containers, arranging for regular disposal, and training employees and subcontractors. Suitable Applicat ions This BMP is suitable for construction sites where the following wastes are generated or stored: ■ Solid waste generated from trees and shrubs removed during land clearing, demolition of existing structures (rubble), and building construction ■ Packaging materials including wood, paper, and plastic ■ Scrap or surplus building materials including scrap metals, rubber, plastic, glass pieces, and masonry products ■ Domestic wastes including food containers such as beverage cans, coffee cups, paper bags, plastic wrappers, and cigarettes ■ Construction wastes including brick, mortar, timber, steel and metal scraps, pipe and electrical cuttings, non- hazardous equipment parts, styrofoam and other materials used to transport and package construction materials January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org WM-5 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and 0 Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Objective ~ Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment 0 Nutrients 0 Trash 0 Metals 0 Bacteria Oil and Grease 0 Organics 0 Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. 1 of 4 Solid Waste Management WM-5 ■ Highway planting wastes, including vegetative material, plant containers, and packaging materials Limitations Temporary stockpiling of certain construction wastes may not necessitate stringent drainage related controls during the non-rainy season or in desert areas with low rainfall. Implementation The following steps will help keep a clean site and reduce stormwater pollution: ■ Select designated waste collection areas onsite. ■ Inform trash-hauling contractors that you will accept only watertight dumpsters for onsite use. Inspect dumpsters for leaks and repair any dumpster that is not watertight. ■ Locate containers in a covered area or in a secondary containment. ■ Provide an adequate number of containers with lids or covers that can be placed over the container to keep rain out or to prevent loss of wastes when it is windy. ■ Cover waste containers at the end of each work day and when it is raining. ■ Plan for additional containers and more frequent pickup during the demolition phase of construction. ■ Collect site trash daily, especially during rainy and windy conditions. ■ Remove this solid waste promptly since erosion and sediment control devices tend to collect litter. ■ Make sure that toxic liquid wastes (used oils, solvents, and paints) and chemicals (acids, pesticides, additives, curing compounds) are not disposed of in dumpsters designated for construction debris. ■ Do not hose out dumpsters on the construction site. Leave dumpster cleaning to the trash hauling contractor. ■ Arrange for regular waste collection before containers overflow. ■ Clean up immediately if a container does spill. ■ Make sure that construction waste is collected, removed, and disposed of only at authorized disposal areas. Education ■ Have the contractor's superintendent or representative oversee and enforce proper solid waste management procedures and practices. ■ Instruct employees and subcontractors on identification of solid waste and hazardous waste. ■ Educate employees and subcontractors on solid waste storage and disposal procedures. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 4 Solid Waste Management WM-5 ■ Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce disposal procedures (incorporate into regular safety meetings). ■ Require that employees and subcontractors follow solid waste handling and storage procedures. ■ Prohibit littering by employees, subcontractors, and visitors. ■ Minimize production of solid waste materials wherever possible. Collection, Storage, and Disposal ■ Littering on the project site should be prohibited. ■ To prevent clogging of the storm drainage system, litter and debris removal from drainage grates, trash racks, and ditch lines should be a priority. ■ Trash receptacles should be provided in the contractor's yard, field trailer areas, and at locations where workers congregate for lunch and break periods. ■ Litter from work areas within the construction limits of the project site should be collected and placed in watertight dumpsters at least weekly, regardless of whether the litter was generated by the contractor, the public, or others. Collected litter and debris should not be placed in or next to drain inlets, stormwater drainage systems, or watercourses. ■ Dumpsters of sufficient size and number should be provided to contain the solid waste generated by the project. ■ Full dumpsters should be removed from the project site and the contents should be disposed of by the trash hauling contractor. ■ Construction debris and waste should be removed from the site biweekly or more frequently as needed. ■ Construction material visible to the public should be stored or stacked in an orderly manner. ■ Stormwater runon should be prevented from contacting stored solid waste through the use of berms, dikes, or other temporary diversion structures or through the use of measures to elevate waste from site surfaces. ■ Solid waste storage areas should be located at least 50 ft from drainage facilities and watercourses and should not be located in areas prone to flooding or ponding. ■ Except during fair weather, construction and highway planting waste not stored in watertight dumpsters should be securely covered from wind and rain by covering the waste with tarps or plastic. ■ Segregate potentially hazardous waste from non-hazardous construction site waste. ■ Make sure that toxic liquid wastes (used oils, solvents, and paints) and chemicals (acids, pesticides, additives, curing compounds) are not disposed of in dumpsters designated for construction debris. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 4 Solid Waste Management WM-5 ■ For disposal of hazardous waste, see WM-6, Hazardous Waste Management. Have hazardous waste hauled to an appropriate disposal and/or recycling facility. ■ Salvage or recycle useful vegetation debris, packaging and surplus building materials when practical. For example, trees and shrubs from land clearing can be used as a brush barrier, or converted into wood chips, then used as mulch on graded areas. Wood pallets, cardboard boxes, and construction scraps can also be recycled. Costs All of the above are low cost measures. Inspection and Maintenance ■ Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharge daily while non-stormwater discharges occur ■ Inspect construction waste area regularly. ■ Arrange for regular waste collection. References Processes, Procedures and Methods to Control Pollution Resulting from All Construction Activity, 430/9-73-007, USEPA, 1973. Stormwater Quality Handbooks-Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www .casqa.org 4 of 4 Hazardous Waste Management WM-6 Description and Purpose Prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from hazardous waste through proper material use, waste disposal, and training of employees and subcontractors. Suitable Applications This best management practice (BMP) applies to all construction projects. Hazardous waste management practices are implemented on construction projects that generate waste from the use of: -Petroleum Products -Asphalt Products -Concrete Curing Compounds -Pesticides -Palliatives -Acids -Septic Wastes -Paints -Stains -Solvents -Wood Preservatives -Roofing Tar -Any materials deemed a hazardous waste in California, Title 22 Division 4.5, or listed in 40 CFR Parts 110, 117, 261, or 302 January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Obj ective ~ Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment 0 Nutrients 0 Trash 0 Metals 0 Bacteria 0 Oil and Grease 0 Organics 0 Potential Alternatives None If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CAUFOJl.'IIA 5TORMWATll Qt rr, or 10 1 of 6 Hazardous Waste Management WM-6 In addition, sites with existing structures may contain wastes, which must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations. These wastes include: ■ Sandblasting grit mixed with lead-, cadmium-, or chromium-based paints ■ Asbestos ■ PCBs (particularly in older transformers) Limitations ■ Hazardous waste that cannot be reused or recycled must be disposed of by a licensed hazardous waste hauler. ■ Nothing in this BMP relieves the contractor from responsibility for compliance with federal, state, and local laws regarding storage, handling, transportation, and disposal of hazardous wastes. ■ This BMP does not cover aerially deposited lead (ADL) soils. For ADL soils refer to WM-7, Contaminated Soil Management. Implementation The following steps will help reduce stormwater pollution from hazardous wastes: Material Use ■ Wastes should be stored in sealed containers constructed of a suitable material and should be labeled as required by Title 22 CCR, Division 4.5 and 49 CFR Parts 172,173,178, and 179. ■ All hazardous waste should be stored, transported, and disposed as required in Title 22 CCR, Division 4.5 and 49 CFR 261-263. ■ Waste containers should be stored in temporary containment facilities that should comply with the following requirements: Temporary containment facility should provide for a spill containment volume equal to 1.5 times the volume of all containers able to contain precipitation from a 25 year storm event, plus the greater of 10% of the aggregate volume of all containers or 100% of the capacity of the largest tank within its boundary, whichever is greater. Temporary containment facility should be impervious to the materials stored there for a minimum contact time of 72 hours. Temporary containment facilities should be maintained free of accumulated rainwater and spills. In the event of spills or leaks, accumulated rainwater and spills should be placed into drums after each rainfall. These liquids should be handled as a hazardous waste unless testing determines them to be non-hazardous. Non-hazardous liquids should be sent to an approved disposal site. Sufficient separation should be provided between stored containers to allow for spill cleanup and emergency response access. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 6 ... - - ----... -.. - - --- - -... - -... - ---- Hazardous Waste Management WM-6 Incompatible materials, such as chlorine and ammonia, should not be stored in the same temporary containment facility. Throughout the rainy season, temporary containment facilities should be covered during non-working days, and prior to rain events. Covered facilities may include use of plastic tarps for small facilities or constructed roofs with overhangs. ■ Drums should not be overfilled and wastes should not be mixed. ■ Unless watertight, containers of dry waste should be stored on pallets. ■ Do not over-apply herbicides and pesticides. Prepare only the amount needed. Follow the recommended usage instructions. Over application is expensive and environmentally harmful. Apply surface dressings in several smaller applications, as opposed to one large application. Allow time for infiltration and avoid excess material being carried offsite by runoff. Do not apply these chemicals just before it rains. People applying pesticides must be certified in accordance with federal and state regulations. ■ Paint brushes and equipment for water and oil based paints should be cleaned within a contained area and should not be allowed to contaminate site soils, watercourses, or drainage systems. Waste paints, thinners, solvents, residues, and sludges that cannot be recycled or reused should be disposed of as hazardous waste. When thoroughly dry, latex paint and paint cans, used brushes, rags, absorbent materials, and drop cloths should be disposed of as solid waste. ■ Do not clean out brushes or rinse paint containers into the dirt, street, gutter, storm drain, or stream. "Paint out" brushes as much as possible. Rinse water-based paints to the sanitary sewer. Filter and reuse thinners and solvents. Dispose of excess oil-based paints and sludge as hazardous waste. ■ The following actions should be taken with respect to temporary contaminant: Ensure that adequate hazardous waste storage volume is available. Ensure that hazardous waste collection containers are conveniently located. Designate hazardous waste storage areas onsite away from storm drains or watercourses and away from moving vehicles and equipment to prevent accidental spills. Minimize production or generation of hazardous materials and hazardous waste on the job site. Use containment berms in fueling and maintenance areas and where the potential for spills is high. Segregate potentially hazardous waste from non-hazardous construction site debris . Keep liquid or semi-liquid hazardous waste in appropriate containers (closed drums or similar) and under cover. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www .casqa.org 3 of 6 Hazardous Waste Management WM-6 Clearly label all hazardous waste containers with the waste being stored and the date of accumulation. Place hazardous waste containers in secondary containment. Do not allow potentially hazardous waste materials to accumulate on the ground. Do not mix wastes. Use all of the product before disposing of the container. Do not remove the original product label; it contains important safety and disposal information. Waste Recycling Disposal ■ Select designated hazardous waste collection areas onsite. ■ Hazardous materials and wastes should be stored in covered containers and protected from vandalism. ■ Place hazardous waste containers in secondary containment. ■ Do not mix wastes, this can cause chemical reactions, making recycling impossible and complicating disposal. ■ Recycle any useful materials such as used oil or water-based paint. ■ Make sure that toxic liquid wastes (used oils, solvents, and paints) and chemicals (acids, pesticides, additives, curing compounds) are not disposed of in dumpsters designated for construction debris. ■ Arrange for regular waste collection before containers overflow. ■ Make sure that hazardous waste (e.g., excess oil-based paint and sludge) is collected, removed, and disposed of only at authorized disposal areas. Disposal Procedures ■ Waste should be disposed ofby a licensed hazardous waste transporter at an authorized and licensed disposal facility or recycling facility utilizing properly completed Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest forms. ■ A Department of Health Services certified laboratory should sample waste to determine the appropriate disposal facility. ■ Properly dispose of rainwater in secondary containment that may have mixed with hazardous waste. ■ Attention is directed to "Hazardous Material", "Contaminated Material", and "Aerially Deposited Lead" of the contract documents regarding the handling and disposal of hazardous materials. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 4 of 6 ---• - -----• - - --- ---• ---• -• - ----- -.. -------... --- - -... - - ----- - -.. - - .. Hazardous Waste Management WM-6 Education ■ Educate employees and subcontractors on hazardous waste storage and disposal procedures. ■ Educate employees and subcontractors on potential dangers to humans and the environment from hazardous wastes. ■ Instruct employees and subcontractors on safety procedures for common construction site hazardous wastes. ■ Instruct employees and subcontractors in identification of hazardous and solid waste. ■ Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce hazardous waste management procedures (incorporate into regular safety meetings). ■ The contractor's superintendent or representative should oversee and enforce proper hazardous waste management procedures and practices. ■ Make sure that hazardous waste is collected, removed, and disposed of only at authorized disposal areas. ■ Warning signs should be placed in areas recently treated with chemicals. ■ Place a stockpile of spill cleanup materials where it will be readily accessible . ■ If a container does spill, clean up immediately. Costs All of the above are low cost measures. Inspection and Maintenance ■ Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect BMPs in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events .. ■ Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharge daily while non-stormwater discharges occur ■ Hazardous waste should be regularly collected. ■ A foreman or construction supervisor should monitor onsite hazardous waste storage and disposal procedures. ■ Waste storage areas should be kept clean, well organized, and equipped with ample cleanup supplies as appropriate for the materials being stored . ■ Perimeter controls, containment structures, covers, and liners should be repaired or replaced as needed to maintain proper function. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 5 of 6 Hazardous Waste Management WM-6 ■ Hazardous spills should be cleaned up and reported in conformance with the applicable Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) and the instructions posted at the project site. ■ The National Response Center, at (800) 424-8802, should be notified of spills offederal reportable quantities in conformance with the requirements in 40 CFR parts 110, 117, and 302. Also notify the Governors Office of Emergency Services Warning Center at (916) 845- 8911. ■ A copy of the hazardous waste manifests should be provided. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Processes, Procedures and Methods to Control Pollution Resulting from All Construction Activity, 430/9-73-007, USEPA, 1973. Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. January 2011 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www .casqa.org 6 of 6 -• ---------• ---• ---- ----------• - - -,. Concrete Waste Management Descript ion and Purpose CONCRETE WASHOUT AREA Prevent the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from concrete waste by conducting washout onsite or offsite in a designated area, and by employee and subcontractor training. The General Permit incorporates Numeric Action Levels (NAL) for pH (see Section 2 of this handbook to determine your project's risk level and if you are subject to these requirements). Many types of construction materials, including mortar, concrete, stucco, cement and block and their associated wastes have basic chemical properties that can raise pH levels outside of the permitted range. Additional care should be taken when managing these materials to prevent them from coming into contact with stormwater flows and raising pH to levels outside the accepted range. Suitable Applications Concrete waste management procedures and practices are implemented on construction projects where: ■ Concrete is used as a construction material or where concrete dust and debris result from demolition activities. ■ Slurries containing portland cement concrete (PCC) are generated, such as from saw cutting, coring, grinding, grooving, and hydro-concrete demolition. ■ Concrete trucks and other concrete-coated equipment are washed onsite. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org WM-8 Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Category ~ Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None ~ 0 If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASQA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version . CAUfORNIA STOllMWATt:11 (,/1.JAllltl lk. •IIO 1 of 7 Concrete Waste Management WM-8 ■ Mortar-mixing stations exist. ■ Stucco mixing and spraying. ■ See also NS-8, Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning. Limitations ■ Offsite washout of concrete wastes may not always be possible. ■ Multiple washouts may be needed to assure adequate capacity and to allow for evaporation. Implementation The following steps will help reduce stormwater pollution from concrete wastes: ■ Incorporate requirements for concrete waste management into material supplier and subcontractor agreements. ■ Store dry and wet materials under cover, away from drainage areas. Refer to WM-1, Material Delivery and Storage for more information. ■ Avoid mixing excess amounts of concrete. ■ Perform washout of concrete trucks in designated areas only, where washout will not reach stormwater. ■ Do not wash out concrete trucks into storm drains, open ditches, streets, streams or onto the ground. Trucks should always be washed out into designated facilities. ■ Do not allow excess concrete to be dumped onsite, except in designated areas. ■ For onsite washout: On larger sites, it is recommended to locate washout areas at least 50 feet from storm drains, open ditches, or water bodies. Do not allow runoff from this area by constructing a temporary pit or bermed area large enough for liquid and solid waste. Washout wastes into the temporary washout where the concrete can set, be broken up, and then disposed properly. Washouts shall be implemented in a manner that prevents leaching to underlying soils. Washout containers must be water tight and washouts on or in the ground must be lined with a suitable impervious liner, typically a plastic type material. ■ Do not wash sweepings from exposed aggregate concrete into the street or storm drain. Collect and return sweepings to aggregate base stockpile or dispose in the trash. ■ See typical concrete washout installation details at the end of this fact sheet. Education ■ Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers on the concrete waste management techniques described herein. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 7 Concrete Waste Management WM-8 ■ Arrange for contractor's superintendent or representative to oversee and enforce concrete waste management procedures. ■ Discuss the concrete management techniques described in this BMP (such as handling of concrete waste and washout) with the ready-mix concrete supplier before any deliveries are made. Concrete Demolition Wastes ■ Stockpile concrete demolition waste in accordance with BMP WM-3, Stockpile Management. ■ Dispose of or recycle hardened concrete waste in accordance with applicable federal, state or local regulations. Concrete Slurry Wastes ■ PCC and AC waste should not be allowed to enter storm drains or watercourses. ■ PCC and AC waste should be collected and disposed of or placed in a temporary concrete washout facility (as described in Onsite Temporary Concrete Washout Facility, Concrete Transit Truck Washout Procedures, below). ■ A foreman or construction supervisor should monitor onsite concrete working tasks, such as saw cutting, coring, grinding and grooving to ensure proper methods are implemented. ■ Saw-cut concrete slurry should not be allowed to enter storm drains or watercourses. Residue from grinding operations should be picked up by means of a vacuum attachment to the grinding machine or by sweeping. Saw cutting residue should not be allowed to flow across the pavement and should not be left on the surface of the pavement. See also NS-3, Paving and Grinding Operations; and WM-10, Liquid Waste Management. ■ Concrete slurry residue should be disposed in a temporary washout facility (as described in Onsite Temporary Concrete Washout Facility, Concrete Transit Truck Washout Procedures, below) and allowed to dry. Dispose of dry slurry residue in accordance with WM-5, Solid Waste Management. Onsite Temporary Concrete Washout Fa cility, Transit Truck Washout Procedures ■ Temporary concrete washout facilities should be located a minimum of 50 ft from storm drain inlets, open drainage facilities, and watercourses. Each facility should be located away from construction traffic or access areas to prevent disturbance or tracking. ■ A sign should be installed adjacent to each washout facility to inform concrete equipment operators to utilize the proper facilities. ■ Temporary concrete washout facilities should be constructed above grade or below grade at the option of the contractor. Temporary concrete washout facilities should be constructed and maintained in sufficient quantity and size to contain all liquid and concrete waste generated by washout operations. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 7 Concrete Waste Management WM-8 ■ Temporary washout facilities should have a temporary pit or bermed areas of sufficient volume to completely contain all liquid and waste concrete materials generated during washout procedures. ■ Temporary washout facilities should be lined to prevent discharge to the underlying ground or surrounding area. ■ Washout of concrete trucks should be performed in designated areas only. ■ Only concrete from mixer truck chutes should be washed into concrete wash out. ■ Concrete washout from concrete pumper bins can be washed into concrete pumper trucks and discharged into designated washout area or properly disposed of or recycled offsite. ■ Once concrete wastes are washed into the designated area and allowed to harden, the concrete should be broken up, removed, and disposed of per WM-5, Solid Waste Management. Dispose of or recycle hardened concrete on a regular basis. ■ Temporary Concrete Washout Facility (Type Above Grade) Temporary concrete washout facility (type above grade) should be constructed as shown on the details at the end of this BMP, with a recommended minimum length and minimum width of 10 ft; however, smaller sites or jobs may only need a smaller washout facility. With any washout, always maintain a sufficient quantity and volume to contain all liquid and concrete waste generated by washout operations. Materials used to construct the washout area should conform to the provisions detailed in their respective BMPs (e.g., SE-8 Sandbag Barrier). Plastic lining material should be a minimum of 10 mil in polyethylene sheeting and should be free of holes, tears, or other defects that compromise the impermeability of the material. Alternatively, portable removable containers can be used as above grade concrete washouts. Also called a "roll-off'; this concrete washout facility should be properly sealed to prevent leakage, and should be removed from the site and replaced when the container reaches 75% capacity. ■ Temporary Concrete Washout Facility (Type Below Grade) Temporary concrete washout facilities (type below grade) should be constructed as shown on the details at the end of this BMP, with a recommended minimum length and minimum width of 10 ft. The quantity and volume should be sufficient to contain all liquid and concrete waste generated by washout operations. Lath and flagging should be commercial type. Plastic lining material should be a minimum of 10 mil polyethylene sheeting and should be free of holes, tears, or other defects that compromise the impermeability of the material. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 4 of 7 Concrete Waste Management WM-8 The base of a washout facility should be free of rock or debris that may damage a plastic liner. Removal of Temporary Concrete Washout Facilities ■ When temporary concrete washout facilities are no longer required for the work, the hardened concrete should be removed and properly disposed or recycled in accordance with federal, state or local regulations. Materials used to construct temporary concrete washout facilities should be removed from the site of the work and properly disposed or recycled in accordance with federal, state or local regulations .. ■ Holes, depressions or other ground disturbance caused by the removal of the temporary concrete washout facilities should be backfilled and repaired. Costs All of the above are low cost measures. Roll-off concrete washout facilities can be more costly than other measures due to removal and replacement; however, provide a cleaner alternative to traditional washouts. The type of washout facility, size, and availability of materials will determine the cost of the washout. Inspection and Maintenance ■ BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Temporary concrete washout facilities should be maintained to provide adequate holding capacity with a minimum freeboard of 4 in. for above grade facilities and 12 in. for below grade facilities. Maintaining temporary concrete washout facilities should include removing and disposing of hardened concrete and returning the facilities to a functional condition. Hardened concrete materials should be removed and properly disposed or recycled in accordance with federal, state or local regulations. ■ Washout facilities must be cleaned, or new facilities must be constructed and ready for use once the washout is 75% full. ■ Inspect washout facilities for damage (e.g. torn liner, evidence ofleaks, signage, etc.). Repair all identified damage. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995. Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000, Updated March 2003. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. July 2012 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 5 of 7 Concrete Waste Management WM-8 /, I H :";: , °I' T\J, l. July 2012 ,~, ['Pt\(' I -,..;; I_, CJ r~ I ( -I I ' '-I '· r' ti,~ ' , JI I ' / l \ ...:.,, (_ J ) 1\, j ( -i '-),.: hi t > f "r, ,. \'! ,; ►' A ') t ., \ I\' I ) T " ' • ' ( \ f -\ California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org • J1 , r j...\ ~ 'I -T I i (,' ,, I f L I !\J ..., , , 1 I I "j [ ., \ ' I ,_ -[ /, I' ,T I [, \ -, ,·: \ 11 , I ,, A!,'" -: I r 6 of 7 Concrete Waste Management WM-8 f-- 1 1 l . t. I I ' - ) t•/ r • I I , I f I r f •• c., (_ L 11 t I \1 \. , c ~ r u1 I :, July 2012 ' I I I I I I -_:-Jl \ t\, I , ·, r ' •. · \I t ~ ':) T ;,_I\:_ ,, .,....\/1-; ,-) i (· E /'-,· i'/f ,.,R.:'.. , ':V Ti I ·, V, :-'· ;::-c: ~ V l :.. ) T -l t. I '. -, , -• L " 1,1 • ,\, ' California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org I /,~·· DI/• S E'E L N RF I !_ V v\',..._"'C) ' 45·· ' :,_4 " •A1'ii'[, '.VH!l[ l.t/\_,i(' J F :._; i '7',;~;:-~~;;;~--:71~-_/' \ 3 ,, ::· r '· F· r 'f ,\ '· ,, r-:;[ I' I.., T."' T I ~1 T -~ , . ""ir· c , .\ r. r 7 of 7 Sanitary /Septic Waste Management WM-9 Description and Purpose Proper sanitary and septic waste management prevent the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from sanitary and septic waste by providing convenient, well-maintained facilities, and arranging for regular service and disposal. Suitable Applications Sanitary septic waste management practices are suitable for use at all construction sites that use temporary or portable sanitary and septic waste systems. Limitations None identified. Implementation Sanitary or septic wastes should be treated or disposed of in accordance with state and local requirements. In many cases, one contract with a local facility supplier will be all that it takes to make sure sanitary wastes are properly disposed. Storage and Disposal Procedures ■ Temporary sanitary facilities should be located away from drainage facilities, watercourses, and from traffic circulation. If site conditions allow, place portable facilities a minimum of 50 feet from drainage conveyances and traffic areas. When subjected to high winds or risk of high winds, temporary sanitary facilities should be secured to prevent overturning. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Category ~ Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None 0 If User/Subscriber modifies this fact sheet in any way, the CASOA name/logo and footer below must be removed from each page and not appear on the modified version. CALIFORNIA STORMW"Tat UlAl lY "-0 f J, > 1 of 3 Sanitary /Septic Waste Management WM-9 ■ Temporary sanitary facilities must be equipped with containment to prevent discharge of pollutants to the stormwater drainage system of the receiving water. ■ Consider safety as well as environmental implications before placing temporary sanitary facilities. ■ Wastewater should not be discharged or buried within the project site. ■ Sanitary and septic systems that discharge directly into sanitary sewer systems, where permissible, should comply with the local health agency, city, county, and sewer district requirements. ■ Only reputable, licensed sanitary and septic waste haulers should be used. ■ Sanitary facilities should be located in a convenient location. ■ Temporary septic systems should treat wastes to appropriate levels before discharging. ■ If using an onsite disposal system (OSDS), such as a septic system, local health agency requirements must be followed. ■ Temporary sanitary facilities that discharge to the sanitary sewer system should be properly connected to avoid illicit discharges. ■ Sanitary and septic facilities should be maintained in good working order by a licensed service. ■ Regular waste collection by a licensed hauler should be arranged before facilities overflow. ■ If a spill does occur from a temporary sanitary facility, follow federal, state and local regulations for containment and clean-up. Education ■ Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers on sanitary and septic waste storage and disposal procedures. ■ Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers of potential dangers to humans and the environment from sanitary and septic wastes. ■ Instruct employees, subcontractors, and suppliers in identification of sanitary and septic waste. ■ Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce the use of sanitary facilities (incorporate into regular safety meetings). ■ Establish a continuing education program to indoctrinate new employees. Costs All of the above are low cost measures. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 2 of 3 Sanitary /Septic Waste Management WM-9 Inspection and Maintenance ■ BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. ■ Arrange for regular waste collection. ■ If high winds are expected, portable sanitary facilities must be secured with spikes or weighed down to prevent over turning. ■ If spills or leaks from sanitary or septic facilities occur that are not contained and discharge from the site, non-visible sampling of site discharge may be required. Refer to the General Permit or to your project specific Construction Site Monitoring Plan to determine if and where sampling is required. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks -Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 3 Cl)\Commerciill Development Resources Appendix I: BMP Inspection Form SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 87 April 20/9 C~Commercial Development Resources BMP INSPECTION REPORT Date and Time of Inspection: Date Report Written: Inspection Type: Weekly Pre-Storm During Rain Event Complete Parts Complete Parts Complete Parts I, II, (Circle one) /,//,Ill and VII l,l/,lll,IV and VII Ill, V, and VII Part I. General Information Site Information Construction Site Name: BMW Carlsbad Construction stage and Approximate area completed activities: of site that is exposed: Photos Taken: Photo Reference IDs: (Circle one) Yes No Weather Estimate storm beginning: Estimate storm duration: (date and time) (hours) Estimate time since last storm: Rain gauge reading and location: (days or hours) (in) Post-Storm Complete Parts /,//,Ill, VI and VII Is a "Qualifying Event" predicted or did one occur (i.e., 0.5" rain with 48-hrs or greater between events)? (Y/N) If yes , summarize forecast: Exemption Documentation (explanation required if inspection could not be conducted). Visual inspections are not required outside of business hours or during dangerous weather conditions such as flooding or electrical storms. Inspector Information Inspector Name: Inspector Title: Signature: Date: SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 88 April 2019 c:~Commercial Development Resources Part II. BMP Observations. Describe deficiencies in Part Ill. Failures or Minimum BMPs for Risk Level Sites other short --comings (yes, no, N/A) Good Housekeeping for Construction Materials Inventory of products (excluding materials designed to be outdoors) Stockpiled construction materials not actively in use are covered and bermed All chemicals are stored in watertight containers with appropriate secondary containment, or in a completely enclosed storage shed Construction materials are minimally exposed to precipitation BMPs preventing the off-site tracking of materials are implemented and properly effective Good Housekeeping for Waste Management Wash/rinse water and materials are prevented from being disposed into the storm drain system Portable toilets are contained to prevent discharges of waste Sanitation facilities are clean and with no apparent for leaks and spills Equipment is in place to cover waste disposal containers at the end of business day and during rain events Discharges from waste disposal containers are prevented from discharging to the storm drain system / receiving water Stockpiled waste material is securely protected from wind and rain if not actively in use Procedures are in place for addressing hazardous and non- hazardous spills Appropriate spill response personnel are assigned and trained Equipment and materials for cleanup of spills is available onsite Washout areas (e.g., concrete) are contained appropriately to prevent discharge or infiltration into the underlying soil Good Housekeeping for Vehicle Storage and Maintenance Measures are in place to prevent oil, grease, or fuel from leaking into the ground, storm drains, or surface waters All equipment or vehicles are fueled, maintained, and stored in a designated area with appropriate BMPs Vehicle and equipment leaks are cleaned immediately and disposed of properly SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 89 Action Action Required Implemented (yes/no) (Date) April 20/9 £~Commercial Development Resources Part II. BMP Observations Continued. Describe deficiencies in Part Ill. Adequately designed, Minimum BMPs for Risk Level --Sites implemented and effective (yes, no, N/A) Good Housekeeping for Landscape Materials Stockpiled landscape materials such as mulches and topsoil are contained and covered when not actively in use Erodible landscape material has not been applied 2 days before a forecasted rain event or during an event Erodible landscape materials are applied at quantities and rates in accordance with manufacturer recommendations Bagged erodible landscape materials are stored on pallets and covered Good Housekeeping for Air Deposition of Site Materials Good housekeeping measures are implemented onsite to control the air deposition of site materials and from site operations Non-Stormwater Management Non-Stormwater discharges are properly controlled Vehicles are washed in a manner to prevent non-stormwater discharges to surface waters or drainage systems Streets are cleaned in a manner to prevent unauthorized non- stormwater discharges to surface waters or drainage systems. Erosion Controls Wind erosion controls are effectively implemented Effective soil cover is provided for disturbed areas inactive (i.e., not scheduled to be disturbed for 14 days) as well as finished slopes, open space, utility backfill, and completed lots The use of plastic materials is limited in cases when a more sustainable, environmentally friendly alternative exists. Sediment Controls Perimeter controls are established and effective at controlling erosion and sediment discharges from the site Entrances and exits are stabilized to control erosion and sediment discharges from the site Sediment basins are properly maintained SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 90 Action Action Required Implemented (yes/no) (Date) April 2019 CD\Commercial Development Resources Linear sediment control along toe of slope, face of slope an at grade breaks (Risk Level 2 & 3 Only) Limit construction activity to and from site to entrances and exits that employ effective controls to prevent offsite tracking (Risk Level 2 & 3 Only) Ensure all storm, drain inlets and perimeter controls, runoff control BMPs and pollutants controls at entrances and exits are maintained and protected from activities the reduce their effectiveness (Risk Level 2 & 3 Only) Inspect all immediate access roads daily (Risk Level 2 & 3 Only) Run-On and Run-Off Controls Run-on to the site is effectively managed and directed away from all disturbed areas. Other Are the project SWPPP and BMP plan up to date, available on-site and being properly implemented? Part Ill. Descriptions of BMP Deficiencies Repairs Implemented: Note -Repairs must begin within 72 hours of Identification and, Deficiency complete repairs as soon as possible. Start Date Action 1. 2. 3. 4. Part IV. Additional Pre-Storm Observations. Note the presence or absence of floating and suspended materials, sheen, discoloration, turbidity, odors, and source(s) of pollutants(s). Yes, No, NIA Do stormwater storage and containment areas have adequate freeboard? If no, complete Part Ill. Are drainage areas free of spills, leaks, or uncontrolled pollutant sources? If no, complete Part VII and describe below. SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 91 April 2019 • Notes: Cl)\Commercial Development Resources Are stormwater storage and containment areas free of leaks? If no, complete Parts Ill and/or VII and describe below. Notes: I I Part V. Additional During Storm Observations. If BMPs cannot be inspected during inclement weather, list the results of visual inspections at all relevant outfalls, discharge points, and downstream locations. Note odors or visible sheen on the surface of discharges. Complete Part VII (Corrective Actions) as needed. Outfall, Discharge Point, or Other Downstream Location Location Description Location Description Location Description Location Description Location Description Location Description Location Description Location Description SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 92 April 2019 c:l)\Commerciill Development Resources Part VI. Additional Post-Storm Observations. Visually observe (inspect) stormwater discharges at all discharge locations within two business days (48 hours) after each qualifying rain event, and observe (inspect) the discharge of stored or contained stormwater that is derived from and discharged subsequent to a qualifying rain event producing precipitation of½ inch or more at the time of discharge. Complete Part VII (Corrective Actions) as needed. Discharge Location, Storage Visual Observation or Containment Area Part VII. Additional Corrective Actions Required. Identify additional corrective actions not included with BMP Deficiencies (Part Ill) above. Note If SWPPP change is required. Required Actions Implementation Date SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 93 April 2019 Cl)\Commerci.il Development Resources Appendix J: Project Specific Rain Event Action Plan Template SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad April 2019 Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) Date: WDID Number: Date Rain Predicted to Occur: Predicted % chance of rain: Site Information: Site Name, City and Zip Code Proiect Risk Level: o Risk Level 2 o Risk Level ~ Site Stormwater Manager Information: Name, Company, Emergency Phone Number (24/7) Erosion and Sediment Control Contractor -Labor Force contracted for the site: Name, Company, Emergency Phone Number (24/7) Stormwater Sampling Agent: Name, Company, Emergency Phone Number (24/7) Current Phase of Construction Check ALL the boxes below that apply to your site. D Grading and Land Development D Vertical Construction D Inactive Site D Streets and Utilities D Final Landscaping and Site D Other: Stabilization Activities Associated with Current Phase(s) Check ALL the boxes below that apply to your site (some apply to all Phases). Grading_ and Land Develoument: D Demolition D Vegetation Removal D Vegetation Salvage-Harvest D Rough Grade D Finish Grade D Blasting D Soil Amendment(s): D Excavation ( ___ ft) D Soils Testing D Rock Crushing D Erosion and Sediment Control D Surveying D Equip. Maintenance/Fueling D Material Delivery and Storage D Other: Streets a nd Utilities: D Finish Grade D Utility Install: water-sewer-gas D Paving Operations D Equip. Maintenance/Fueling D Storm Drain Installation D Material Delivery & Storage D Curb and Gutter/Concrete Pour D Masonry D Other: Vertical Construction: D Framing D Carpentry D Concrete/Forms/Foundation D Masonry D Electrical D Painting D Drywall/Interior Walls D Plumbing D Stucco D Equip. Maintenance/Fueling □ HVAC □ Tile □ Exterior Siding □ Insulation □ Landscaping & Irrigation □ Flooring □ Roofing □ Other: Final Landscaning_ & S.it~ S.tabilization: D Stabilization D Vegetation Establishment D E&S Control BMP Removal D Finish Grade D Storage Yard/ Material Removal D Landscape Installation D Painting and Touch-Up D Irrigation System Testing D Other: D Drainage Inlet Stencils D Inlet Filtration □ Perm. Water Quality Ponds D Other: D Other: □ Other: Inactive Construction S.ite: D E & S Control Device Installation D Routine Site Inspection D Trash Removal □ E & S Control Device Maintenance □ Street Sweeping D Other: Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) Date: I I WDID Number: I Trades Active on Site during Current Phase(s) Check ALL the boxes below that apply to your site □ Storm Drain Improvement □ Grading Contractor □ Surveyor-Soil Technician □ Street Improvements □ Water Pipe Installation □ Sanitary Station Provider □ Material Delivery □ Sewer Pipe Installation □ Electrical □ Trenching □ Gas Pipe Installation □ Carpentry □ Concrete Pouring □ Electrical Installation □ Plumbing □ Foundation □ Communication Installation □ Masonry □ Demolition □ Erosion and Sediment Control □ Water, Sewer, Electric Utilities □ Material Delivery □ Equipment □ Rock Products Fueling/Maintenance □ Tile Work-Flooring □ Utilities, e.g., Sewer, Electric □ Painters □ Drywall □ Roofers □ Carpenters □ HV AC installers □ Stucco □ Pest Control: e.g., termite prevention □ Exterior Siding □ Masons □ Water Feature Installation □ Insulation □ Landscapers □ Utility Line Testers □ Fireproofing □ Riggers □ Irrigation System Installation □ Steel Systems □ Utility Line Testers □ Other: Trade Contractor Information Provided Check ALL the boxes below that apply to your site. □ Educational Material Handout □ Tailgate Meetings □ Training Workshop □ Contractual Language □ Fines and Penalties □ Signage □ Other: □ Other: □ Other: Continued on next oa2e. Predicted Rain Event Triggered Actions Below is a list of suggested actions and items to review for this project. Each active Trade should check all material storage areas, stockpiles, waste management areas, vehicle and equipment storage and maintenance, areas of active soil disturbance, and areas of active work to ensure the proper implementation of BMPs. Project-wide BMPs should be checked and cross- referenced to the BMP progress map. Trade or Activity Suggested action(s) to perform / item(s) to review prior to rain event p Information & Scheduling □ Inform trade supervisors of predicted rain □ Check scheduled activities and reschedule as needed □ Alert erosion/sediment control provider □ Alert sample collection contractor (if applicable) □ Schedule staff for extended rain inspections (including weekends & holidays) □ Check Erosion and Sediment Control (ESC) material stock □ Review BMP progress map □ Other: □ □ p Material storage areas □ Material under cover or in sheds (ex: treated woods and metals) □ Perimeter control around stockpiles □ Other: □ □ p Waste management areas □ Dumpsters closed □ Drain holes plugged □ Recycling bins covered □ Sanitary stations bermed and protected from tipping □ Other: □ □ 0 Trade operations □ Exterior operations shut down for event (e.g., no concrete pours or paving) □ Soil treatments (e.g.,: fertilizer) ceased within 24 hours of event □ Materials and equipment (ex: tools) properly stored and covered □ Waste and debris disposed in covered dumpsters or removed from site □ Trenches and excavations protected □ Perimeter controls around disturbed areas □ Fueling and repair areas covered and bermed □ Other: □ □ 0 Site ESC BMPs □ Adequate capacity in sediment basins and traps □ Site perimeter controls in place □ Catch basin and drop inlet protection in place and cleaned □ Temporary erosion controls deployed □ Temporary perimeter controls deployed around disturbed areas and stockpiles □ Roads swept; site ingress and egress points stabilized □ Other: □ □ p Concrete rinse out area □ Adequate capacity for rain □ Wash-out bins covered □ Other: □ □ p Spill and drips □ All incident spills and drips, including paint, stucco, fuel, and oil cleaned □ Drip pans emptied □ Other: □ □ Continued on next page. tJ Other/ Discussion / □ Diagrams □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ □ Attach a printout of the weather forecast from the NOAA website to the REAP. I certify under penalty oflaw that this Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) will be performed in accordance with the General Permit by me or under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gathered and evaluated the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the persons who manage the system, or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information, the information submitted is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations. Date: Qualified SWPPP Practitioner (Use ink please) CD\Commercial Development Resources Appendix K: Training Reporting Form SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 99 April 2019 Cl>\Commercial Development Resources Trained Contractor Personnel Log Stormwater Management Training Log and Documentation Project Name: BMW Carlsbad WDID#: Storrnwater Management Topic: (check as appropriate) D Erosion Control D Sediment Control D Wind Erosion Control D Tracking Control D Non-Storrnwater Management D Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control 0Stormwater Sampling Specific Training Objective: _____________________ _ Location: _________ _ Date: ___________ _ Instructor: _________ _ Telephone: ________ _ Course Length (hours): ____ _ Attendee Roster (Attach additional forms if necessary) Name Company Phone As needed, add proof of external training ( e.g., course completion certificates, credentials for QSP, QSD). SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 100 April 2019 ,(ER1rl RAINl :NG CALIFORNIA CONSTRUCTION GENERAL PERMIT (UJALIFIED SWPPP DEVELOPER (QS_O) AN D Q~lALJFIED SWPPP PRACTITIONER (QS_P) Ken Kristoff ersen Oct 30, 2018 -Dec 25, 2020 Certificate # 00207 California Stormwater Quality Assoda,tion an California Construction General Permit Training 1eam I J fFJ ••n~~G CALIFORNIA CONSTRUCTION GENERAL PERMIT QljALIFIED SWPPP PRACTITIONER (QS_P) David Keith Aug 27, 2018 -Nov 20, 2020 Certificate# 23740 California Stormwater Quality Association and California ·construction General Permit Tram1ng I eam E ATE 1OF TRAINING CALIFORNIA CONSTRUCTION GENERAL PERMIT O!!ALlFIED SWPPP DE-VELOPER. (~D) AND O!JALIFIED SWPPP PRACTITIONER (QS.P) Jeff Woolston Jul 18, 2017 -Oct 12, 2019 Certificate# 26764 California Stormwater Quality Assodation an California Con st ruction General Permit Training 1eam .. .. .. .. .. • .. -.. - .. - ... .. .. -.. .. --.. - • - ~--..Commercud lllr<~t Appendix L: Responsible Parties SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 101 April 2019 C--....Commercilll vc:=nt Authorization of Approved Signatories Project Name: BMW Carlsbad WDID#: Name of Project Role Company Personnel LRP's Signature Date Signature LRP Name and Title Telephone Number SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 102 Date April 2019 .. • -------• ---------------------------- - ... -.. - ----- - - - -... --------- - -- - c:~~~ lr<Resoorces Identification of QSP Project Name: BMW Carlsbad WDID#: The following are QSPs associated with this project I Name of Personne1<1> I Company I Date ( 1) If additional QSPs are required on the job site add additional lines and include information here SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 103 April 2019 ~--....Commercial 1111-,C=nt Authorization of Data Submitters Project Name: BMW Carlsbad WDID #: ___________ _ Name of Project Role Company Signature Personnel Approved Signatory's Signature Date Approved Signatory Name and Title Telephone Number SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 104 Date April 2019 ------- --------------- ------- ------ • .. .. • • .. .. .. .. .. ... .. ... CD\Comrnercial Development Resources Appendix M:Contractors and Subcontractors SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 105 April 2019 ~--....Commercial IIIV<~t Appendix N: Construction General Permit SWPPP CDR BMW Carlsbad 106 • April 2019 • • • • • • • • -• -• .. • -• • - • • -• .. • .. • -• -• .. • ---• - • - - ---------.. ----- ----- - ---- - e State Water Resources Control Board Division of Water Quality Linda S. Adams Secretary for Environmental Protection 1001 I Street• Sacramento, California 95814 • (916) 341-5455 Mailing Address: P.O. Box 100 • Sacramento, California• 95812-0100 Fax (916) 341-5463 • http://www.waterboards.ca.gov Arnold Schwarzenegger Governor CONSTRUCTION GENERAL PERMIT FACT SHEET TABLE OF CONTENTS I. A. B. C. D. BACKGROUND ..................................................................................................... 1 History .............................................................................................................................................................. 1 Legal Challenges and Court Decisions ........................................................................................................... 1 Blue Ribbon Panel of Experts and Feasibility of Numeric Effluent Limitations ....................................... 4 Summary of Panel Findings on Construction Activities .............................................................................. 4 E. How the Panel's Findings are Used in this General Permit ......................................................................... 5 F. Summary of Significant Changes in This General Permit ........................................................................... 5 II. A. B. C. RATIONALE .......................................................................................................... 7 General Permit Approach ............................................................................................................................... 7 Construction Activities Covered ..................................................................................................................... 7 Construction Activities Not Covered ............................................................................................................. 9 D. Obtaining and Terminating Permit Coverage ............................................................................................ 12 E. Discharge Prohibitions .................................................................................................................................. 12 F. Effluent Standards for All Types ofDischarges .......................................................................................... 13 G. H. I. J. K. L. Receiving Water Limitations ........................................................................................................................ 20 Training Qualifications and Requirements ................................................................................................. 20 Sampling, Monitoring, Reporting and Record Keeping ............................................................................. 21 Risk Determination ........................................................................................................................................ 27 A TS Requirements ......................................................................................................................................... 35 Post-Construction Requirements ................................................................................................................. 37 M. Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plans .................................................................................................... 46 N. Regional Water Board Authorities ............................................................................................................... 48 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 1 LIST OF TABLES Table 1 -Regional Water Board Basin Plans, Water Quality Objectives for Turbidity 16 Table 2 -Results of Ecoregion Analysis 16 Table 3 -ACL Sampling Data taken by Regional Water Board Staff 17 Table 4 -Required Monitoring Elements for Risk Levels 21 Table 5 -Storm Water Effluent Monitoring Requirements by Risk Level 23 Table 6 -Receiving Water Monitoring Requirements 26 Table 7 -Combined Risk Level Matrix 29 Table 8 -National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Definition of Probability of Precipitation (PoP) 31 Table 9 -Qualified SWPPP Developer/ Qualified SWPPP Practitioner Certification Criteria LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1 -Statewide Map of K * LS 28 Figure 2 -Suite of Storm Events 37 Figure 3 -Northern CA (2009) Counties / Cities With SUSMP-Plus Coverage 39 Figure 4 -Southern CA (2009) Counties / Cities With SUSMP-Plus Coverage 40 Figure 5 -Schematic of the Lane Relationship 42 Figure 6 -Channel Changes Associated with Urbanization 43 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 2 47 -----------------------., -------------., - .. ---.. - ·• -.. - -.. - -------... ------- I. BACKGROUND A. History In 1972, the Federal Water Pollution Control Act (also referred to as the Clean Water Act [CWA]) was amended to provide that the discharge of pollutants to waters of the United States from any point source is unlawful unless the discharge is in compliance with a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit. The 1987 amendments to the CWA added Section 402(p), which establishes a framework for regulating municipal and industrial storm water discharges under the NPDES Program. On November 16, 1990, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) published final regulations that established storm water permit application requirements for specified categories of industries. The regulations provide that discharges of storm water to waters of the United States from construction projects that encompass five or more acres of soil disturbance are effectively prohibited unless the discharge is in compliance with an NPDES Permit. Regulations (Phase II Rule) that became final on December 8, 1999 lowered the permitting threshold from five acres to one acre. While federal regulations allow two permitting options for storm water discharges (Individual Permits and General Permits), the State Water Board has elected to adopt only one statewide General Permit at this time that will apply to most storm water discharges associated with construction activity . On August 19, 1999, the State Water Board reissued the General Construction Storm Water Permit (Water Quality Order 99-08-DWQ). On December 8, 1999 the State Water Board amended Order 99-08- DWQ to apply to sites as small as one acre. The General Permit accompanying this fact sheet regulates storm water runoff from construction sites. Regulating many storm water discharges under one permit will greatly reduce the administrative burden associated with permitting individual storm water discharges. To obtain coverage under this General Permit, dischargers shall electronically file the Permit Registration Documents (PRDs), which includes a Notice of Intent (NOi), Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP), and other compliance related documents required by this General Permit and mail the appropriate permit fee to the State Water Board. It is expected that as the storm water program develops, the Regional Water Quality Control Boards (Regional Water Boards) may issue General Permits or Individual Permits containing more specific permit provisions. When this occurs, this General Permit will no longer regulate those dischargers. B. Legal Challenges and Court Decisions 1. Early Court Decisions Shortly after the passage of the CWA, the USEPA promulgated regulations exempting most storm water discharges from the NPDES permit requirements. (See 40 C.F.R. § 125.4 (1975); see also Natural Resources Defense Council v. Castle (D.C. Cir. 1977) 568 F.2d 1369, 1372 (Cost/e); Defenders of Wildlife v. Browner (9th Cir. 1999) 191 F.3d 1159, 1163 (Defenders of Wildlife).) When environmental groups challenged this exemption in federal court, the District of Columbia Court of Appeals invalidated the regulation, holding that the USEPA "does not have authority to exempt categories of point sources from the permit requirements of [CWA] § 402." (Castle, 568 F.2d at 1377.) The Castle court rejected the USEPA's argument that effluent-based storm sewer regulation was administratively infeasible because of the variable nature of storm water pollution and the number of affected storm sewers throughout the country. (Id. at 1377-82.) Although the court acknowledged the practical problems relating to storm sewer regulation, the court found the USEPA had the flexibility under the CWA to design regulations that would overcome these problems. (Id. at 1379-83.) In particular, the court pointed to general permits and permits based on requiring best management practices (BMPs ). 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 1 During the next 15 years, the USEPA made numerous attempts to reconcile the statutory requirement of point source regulation with the practical problem of regulating possibly millions of diverse point source discharges of storm water. (See Defenders of Wildlife, 191 F.3d at 1163; see also Gallagher, Clean Water Act in Environmental Law Handbook (Sullivan, edit., 2003) p. 300 (Environmental Law Handbook); Eisen, Toward a Sustainable Urbanism: Lessons from Federal Regulation of Urban Storm Water Runoff (1995) 48 Wash. U.J. Urb. & Contemp. L.1, 40-41 [Regulation of Urban Storm Water Runoff].) In 1987, Congress amended the CWA to require NPDES permits for storm water discharges. (See CWA § 402(p), 33 U.S.C. § 1342(p); Defenders of Wildlife, 191 F.3d at 1163; Natural Resources Defense Council v. USE PA (9th Cir. 1992) 966 F .2d 1292, 1296.) In these amendments, enacted as part of the Water Quality Act of 1987, Congress distinguished between industrial and municipal storm water discharges. With respect to industrial storm water discharges, Congress provided that NPDES permits "shall meet all applicable provisions of this section and section 1311 [requiring the USEPA to establish effluent limitations under specific timetables]." (CWA § 402(p)(3)(A), 33 U.S.C. § 1342(p)(3)(A); see also Defenders of Wildlife, 191 F.3d at 1163-64.) In 1990, USEPA adopted regulations specifying what activities were considered "industrial" and thus required discharges of storm water associated with those activities to obtain coverage under NPDES permits. (55 Fed. Reg. 47,990 (1990); 40 C.F.R. § 122.26(b)(14).) Construction activities, deemed a subset of the industrial activities category, must also be regulated by an NPDES permit. (40 C.F.R. § 122.26(b)(14)(x)). In 1999, USEPA issued regulations for "Phase II" of storm water regulation, which required most small construction sites (1-5 acres) to be regulated under the NPDES program. (64 Fed. Reg. 68,722; 40 C.F.R. § 122.26(b)(15)(i).) 2. Court Decisions on Public Participation Two recent federal court opinions have vacated USEPA rules that denied meaningful public review of NPDES permit conditions. On January 14, 2003, the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals held that certain aspects of USEPA's Phase II regulations governing MS4s were invalid primarily because the general permit did not contain express requirements for public participation. (Environmental Defense Center v. USEPA (9th Cir. 2003) 344 F.3d 832.) Specifically, the court determined that applications for general permit coverage (including the Notice of Intent (NOi) and Storm Water Management Program (SWMP)) must be made available to the public, the applications must be reviewed and determined to meet the applicable standard by the permitting authority before coverage commences, and there must be a process to accommodate public hearings. (Id. at 852-54.) Similarly, on February 28, 2005, the Second Circuit Court of Appeals held that the USEPA's confined animal feeding operation (CAFO) rule violated the CWA because it allowed dischargers to write their own nutrient management plans without public review. (Waterkeeper Alliance v. USEPA (2d Cir. 2005) 399 F.3d 486.) Although neither decision involved the issuance of construction storm water permits, the State Water Board's Office of Chief Counsel has recommended that the new General Permit address the courts' rulings where feasible 1• 1 In Texas Independent Producers and Royalty Owners Assn. v. USEPA (7th Cir. 2005) 410 F.3d 964, the Seventh Circuit Court of Appeals held that the USEPA's construction general permit was not required to provide the public with the opportunity for a public hearing on the Notice of Intent or Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan. The Seventh Circuit briefly discussed why it agreed with the Ninth Circuit's dissent in Environmental Defense Center, but 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 2 • --• -• - ---• ----- --- -------------- .. .. .. .. .. .. .. • ... .. .. .. The CWA and the USEPA's regulations provide states with the discretion to formulate permit terms, including specifying best management practices (BMPs), to achieve strict compliance with federal technology-based and water quality-based standards. (Natural Resources Defense Council v. USEPA (9th Cir. 1992) 966 F.2d 1292, 1308.) Accordingly, this General Permit has developed specific BMPs as well as numeric action levels (NALs) in order to achieve these minimum federal standards. In addition, the General Permit requires a SWPPP and REAP (another dynamic, site-specific plan) to be developed but has removed all language requiring the discharger to implement these plans -instead, the discharger is required to comply with specific requirements. By requiring the dischargers to implement these specific BMPs and NALs, this General Permit ensures that the dischargers do not "write their own permits." As a result this General Permit does not require each discharger's SWPPP and REAP to be reviewed and approved by the Regional Water Boards. This General Permit also requires dischargers to electronically file all permit-related compliance documents. These documents include, but are not limited to, NOls, SWPPPs, annual reports, Notice of Terminations (NOTs), and numeric action level (NAL) exceedance reports. Electronically submitted compliance information is immediately available to the public, as well as the Regional Water Quality Control Board (Regional Water Board) offices, via the Internet. In addition, this General Permit enables public review and hearings on permit applications when appropriate. Under this General Permit, the public clearly has a meaningful opportunity to participate in the permitting process . generally did not discuss the substantive holdings in Environmental Defense Center and Waterkeeper Alliance, because neither court addressed the initial question of whether the plaintiffs had standing to challenge the permits at issue. However, notwithstanding the Seventh Circuit's decision, it is not binding or controlling on the State Water Board because California is located within the Ninth Circuit. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 3 C. Blue Ribbon Panel of Experts and Feasibility of Numeric Effluent Limitations In 2005 and 2006, the State Water Board convened an expert panel (panel) to address the feasibility of numeric effluent limitations (NELs) in California's storm water permits. Specifically, the panel was asked to address: "Is it technically feasible to establish numeric effluent limitations, or some other quantifiable limit, for inclusion in storm water permits? How would such limitations or criteria be established, and what information and data would be required?" 'The answers should address industrial general permits, construction general permits, and area-wide municipal permits. The answers should also address both technology-based limitations or criteria and water quality-based limitations or criteria. In evaluating establishment of any objective criteria, the panel should address all of the following: The ability of the State Water Board to establish appropriate objective limitations or criteria; How compliance determinations would be made; The ability of dischargers and inspectors to monitor for compliance; and The technical and financial ability of dischargers to comply with the limitations or criteria." Through a series of public participation processes (State Water Board meetings, State Water Board workshops, and the solicitation of written comments), a number of water quality, public process and overall program effectiveness problems were identified. Some of these problems are addressed through this General Permit. D. Summary of Panel Findings on Construction Activities The panel's final report can be downloaded and viewed through links at www.waterboards.ca.gov or by clicking here2• The panel made the following observations: "Limited field studies indicate that traditional erosion and sediment controls are highly variable in performance, resulting in highly variable turbidity levels in the site discharge." "Site-to-site variability in runoff turbidity from undeveloped sites can also be quite large in many areas of California, particularly in more arid regions with less natural vegetative cover and steep slopes." 2 http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/stormwtr/docs/numeric/swpanel final report.pdf 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 4 .. • .. • - • .. • • • • -• -• .. • • • • • • • • - • • • • • -- - .. .. .. .. .. .. .. - .. -.. .. .. .. ... - - --... - - -.. "Active treatment technologies involving the use of polymers with relatively large storage systems now exist that can provide much more consistent and very low discharge turbidity. However, these technologies have as yet only been applied to larger construction sites, generally five acres or greater. Furthermore, toxicity has been observed at some locations, although at the vast majority of sites, toxicity has not occurred. There is also the potential for an accidental large release of such chemicals with their use." "To date most of the construction permits have focused on TSS and turbidity, but have not addressed other, potentially significant pollutants such as phosphorus and an assortment of chemicals used at construction sites." "Currently, there is no required training or certification program for contractors, preparers of soil erosion and sediment control Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plans, or field inspectors." "The quality of storm water discharges from construction sites that effectively employ BMPs likely varies due to site conditions such as climate, soil, and topography." "The States of Oregon and Washington have recently adopted similar concepts to the Action Levels described earlier." In addition, the panel made the following conclusions: "It is the consensus of the Panel that active treatment technologies make Numeric Limits technically feasible for pollutants commonly associated with storm water discharges from construction sites (e.g. TSS and turbidity) for larger construction sites. Technical practicalities and cost-effectiveness may make these technologies less feasible for smaller sites, including small drainages within a larger site, as these technologies have seen limited use at small construction sites. If chemical addition is not permitted, then Numeric Limits are not likely feasible." 'The Board should consider Numeric Limits or Action Levels for other pollutants of relevance to construction sites, but in particular pH. It is of particular concern where fresh concrete or wash water from cement mixers/equipment is exposed to storm water." 'The Board should consider the phased implementation of Numeric Limits and Action Levels, commensurate with the capacity of the dischargers and support industry to respond." E. How the Panel's Findings are Used in this General Permit The State Water Board carefully considered the findings of the panel and related public comments. The State Water Board also reviewed and considered the comments regarding statewide storm water policy and the reissuance of the Industrial General Permit. From the input received the State Water Board identified some permit and program performance gaps that are addressed in this General Permit. The Summary of Significant Changes (below) in this General Permit are a direct result of this process. F. Summary of Significant Changes in This General Permit The State Water Board has significant changes to Order 99-08-DWQ. This General Permit differs from Order 99-08-DWQ in the following significant ways: Rainfall Erosivity Waiver: this General Permit includes the option allowing a small construction site (>1 and <5 acres) to self-certify if the rainfall erosivity value (R value) for their site's given location and time frame compute to be less than or equal to 5. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 5 Technology-Based Numeric Action Levels: this General Permit includes NALs for pH and turbidity. Risk-Based Permitting Approach: this General Permit establishes three levels of risk possible for a construction site. Risk is calculated in two parts: 1) Project Sediment Risk, and 2) Receiving Water Risk. Minimum Requirements Specified: this General Permit imposes more minimum BMPs and requirements that were previously only required as elements of the SWPPP or were suggested by guidance. Project Site Soil Characteristics Monitoring and Reporting: this General Permit provides the option for dischargers to monitor and report the soil characteristics at their project location. The primary purpose of this requirement is to provide better risk determination and eventually better program evaluation. Effluent Monitoring and Reporting: this General Permit requires effluent monitoring and reporting for pH and turbidity in storm water discharges. The purpose of this monitoring is to evaluate whether NALs and NELs for Active Treatment Systems included in this General Permit are exceeded. Receiving Water Monitoring and Reporting: this General Permit requires some Risk Level 3 and LUP Type 3 dischargers to monitor receiving waters and conduct bioassessments. Post-Construction Storm Water Performance Standards: this General Permit specifies runoff reduction requirements for all sites not covered by a Phase I or Phase II MS4 NPDES permit, to avoid, minimize and/or mitigate post-construction storm water runoff impacts. Rain Event Action Plan: this General Permit requires certain sites to develop and implement a Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) that must be designed to protect all exposed portions of the site within 48 hours prior to any likely precipitation event. Annual Reporting: this General Permit requires all projects that are enrolled for more than one continuous three-month period to submit information and annually certify that their site is in compliance with these requirements. The primary purpose of this requirement is to provide information needed for overall program evaluation and pubic information. Certification/Training Requirements for Key Project Personnel: this General Permit requires that key personnel (e.g., SWPPP preparers, inspectors, etc.) have specific training or certifications to ensure their level of knowledge and skills are adequate to ensure their ability to design and evaluate project specifications that will comply with General Permit requirements. Linear Underground/Overhead Projects: this General Permit includes requirements for all Linear Underground/Overhead Projects (LUPs). 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 6 - ------- - ----- - --• ------- -.. ---- ... .. .. ... .. .... ... ... - -.. -.. .. ... -.. - - ... -.. .. - • II. RATIONALE A. General Permit Approach A general permit for construction activities is an appropriate permitting approach for the following reasons: I. A general permit is an efficient method to establish the essential regulatory requirements for a broad range of construction activities under differing site conditions; 2. A general permit is the most efficient method to handle the large number of construction storm water permit applications; 3. The application process for coverage under a general permit is far less onerous than that for individual permit and hence more cost effective; 4. A general permit is consistent with USEPA's four-tier permitting strategy, the purpose of which is to use the flexibility provided by the CWA in designing a workable and efficient permitting system; and 5. A general permit is designed to provide coverage for a group of related facilities or operations of a specific industry type or group of industries. It is appropriate when the discharge characteristics are sufficiently similar, and a standard set of permit requirements can effectively provide environmental protection and comply with water quality standards for discharges. In most cases, the general permit will provide sufficient and appropriate management requirements to protect the quality of receiving waters from discharges of storm water from construction sites. There may be instances where a general permit is not appropriate for a specific construction project. A Regional Water Board may require any discharger otherwise covered under the General Permit to apply for and obtain an Individual Permit or apply for coverage under a more specific General Permit. The Regional Water Board must determine that this General Permit does not provide adequate assurance that water quality will be protected, or that there is a site-specific reason why an individual permit should be required. B. Construction Activities Covered 1. Construction activity subject to this General Permit: Any construction or demolition activity, including, but not limited to, clearing, grading, grubbing, or excavation, or any other activity that results in a land disturbance of equal to or greater than one acre. Construction activity that results in land surface disturbances of less than one acre if the construction activity is part of a larger common plan of development or sale of one or more acres of disturbed land surface. Construction activity related to residential, commercial, or industrial development on lands currently used for agriculture including, but not limited to, the construction of buildings related to agriculture that are considered industrial pursuant to USEPA regulations, such as dairy barns or food processing facilities. Construction activity associated with LUPs including, but not limited to, those activities necessary for the installation of underground and overhead linear facilities (e.g., conduits, substructures, pipelines, towers, poles, cables, wires, connectors, switching, regulating and transforming equipment and associated ancillary facilities) and include, but are not limited to, underground utility mark-out, potholing, concrete 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 7 and asphalt cutting and removal, trenching, excavation, boring and drilling, access road and pole/tower pad and cable/wire pull station, substation construction, substructure installation, construction of tower footings and/or foundations, pole and tower installations, pipeline installations, welding, concrete and/or pavement repair or replacement, and stockpile/borrow locations. Discharges of sediment from construction activities associated with oil and gas exploration, production, processing, or treatment operations or transmission facilities.3 Storm water discharges from dredge spoil placement that occur outside of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers jurisdiction4 (upland sites) and that disturb one or more acres of land surface from construction activity are covered by this General Permit. Construction projects that intend to disturb one or more acres of land within the jurisdictional boundaries of a CWA § 404 permit should contact the appropriate Regional Water Board to determine whether this permit applies to the project. 2. Linear Underground/Overhead Projects (LUPs) subject to this General Permit: Underground/overhead facilities typically constructed as LUPs include, but are not limited to, any conveyance, pipe, or pipeline for the transportation of any gaseous, liquid (including water, wastewater for domestic municipal services), liquescent, or slurry substance; any cable line or wire for the transmission of electrical energy; any cable line or wire for communications (e.g., telephone, telegraph, radio or television messages); and associated ancillary facilities. Construction activities associated with LUPs include, but are not limited to, those activities necessary for the installation of underground and overhead linear facilities (e.g., conduits, substructures, pipelines, towers, poles, cables, wires, connectors, switching, regulating and transforming equipment and associated ancillary facilities) and include, but are not limited to, underground utility mark-out, potholing, concrete and asphalt cutting and removal, trenching, excavation, boring and drilling, access road and pole/tower pad and cable/wire pull station, substation construction, substructure installation, construction of tower footings and/or foundations, pole and tower installations, pipeline installations, welding, concrete and/or pavement repair or replacement, and stockpile/borrow locations. Water Quality Order 2003-0007-DWQ regulated construction activities associated with small LUPs that resulted in land disturbances greater than one acre, but less than five acres. These projects were considered non-traditional construction projects. Attachment A of this Order now regulates all construction activities from LUPs resulting in land disturbances greater than one acre. 3. Common Plan of Development or Sale USEPA regulations include the term "common plan of development or sale" to ensure that acreage within a common project does not artificially escape the permit requirements because construction activities are phased, split among smaller parcels, or completed by different owners/developers. In the absence of an 3 Pursuant to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals' decision in NRDC v. EPA (9th Cir. 2008) 526 F.3d 591, and subsequent denial of the USEPA's petition for reconsideration in November 2008, oil and gas construction activities discharging storm water contaminated only with sediment are no longer exempt from the NPDES program. 4 A construction site that includes a dredge and/or fill discharge to any water of the United States (e.g., wetland, channel, pond, or marine water) requires a CWA Section 404 permit from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers and a CWA Section 401 Water Quality Certification from the Regional Water Board or State Water Board. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 8 ---- ----- ---- --- --- - ----- ---- .. ... -.. -.. ... .. .. ·• .. .. .. ---.. -.. - --- - -.. ... - exact definition of "common plan of development or sale," the State Water Board is required to exercise its regulatory discretion in providing a common sense interpretation of the term as it applies to construction projects and permit coverage. An overbroad interpretation of the term would render meaningless the clear "one acre" federal permitting threshold and would potentially trigger permitting of almost any construction activity that occurs within an area that had previously received area-wide utility or road improvements. Construction projects generally receive grading and/or building permits (Local Permits) from local authorities prior to initiating construction activity. These Local Permits spell out the scope of the project, the parcels involved, the type of construction approved, etc. Referring to the Local Permit helps define "common plan of development or sale." In cases such as tract home development, a Local Permit will include all phases of the construction project including rough grading, utility and road installation, and vertical construction. All construction activities approved in the Local Permit are part of the common plan and must remain under the General Permit until construction is completed. For custom home construction, Local Permits typically only approve vertical construction as the rough grading, utilities, and road improvements were already independently completed under the a previous Local Permit. In the case of a custom home site, the homeowner must submit plans and obtain a distinct and separate Local Permit from the local authority in order to proceed. It is not the intent of the State Water Board to require permitting for an individual homeowner building a custom home on a private lot of less than one acre if it is subject to a separate Local Permit. Similarly, the installation of a swimming pool, deck, or landscaping that disturbs less than one acre that was not part of any previous Local Permit are not required to be permitted. The following are several examples of construction activity of less than one acre that would require permit coverage: a. A landowner receives a building permit(s) to build tract homes on a 100-acre site split into 200 one-third acre parcels, (the remaining acreage consists of streets and parkways) which are sold to individual homeowners as they are completed. The landowner completes and sells all the parcels except for two. Although the remaining two parcels combined are less than one acre, the landowner must continue permit coverage for the two parcels. b. One of the parcels discussed above is sold to another owner who intends to complete the construction as already approved in the Local Permit. The new landowner must file Permit Registration Documents (PRDs) to complete the construction even if the new landowner is required to obtain a separate Local Permit. c. Landowner in (1) above purchases 50 additional one half-acre parcels adjacent to the original 200-acre project. The landowner seeks a Local Permit (or amendment to existing Local permit) to build on 20 parcels while leaving the remaining 30 parcels for future development. The landowner must amend PRDs to include the 20 parcels 14 days prior to commencement of construction activity on those parcels. C. Construction Activities Not Covered 1. Traditional Construction Projects Not Covered This General Permit does not apply to the following construction activity: a. Routine maintenance to maintain original line and grade, hydraulic capacity, or original purpose of the facility. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 9 b. Disturbances to land surfaces solely related to agricultural operations such as disking, harrowing, terracing and leveling, and soil preparation. c. Discharges of storm water from areas on tribal lands; construction on tribal lands is regulated by a federal permit. d. Discharges of storm water within the Lake Tahoe Hydrologic Unit. The Lahontan Regional Water Board has adopted its own permit to regulate storm water discharges from construction activity in the Lake Tahoe Hydrologic Unit (Regional Water Board 6SL T). Owners of construction projects in this watershed must apply for the Lahontan Regional Water Board permit rather than the statewide Construction General Permit. Construction projects within the Lahontan region must also comply with the Lahontan Region Project Guideline for Erosion Control (R6T-2005-0007 Section), which can be found at http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/lahontan/Adopted Orders/2005/r6t 2005 0007 .pdf e. Construction activity that disturbs less than one acre of land surface, unless part of a larger common plan of development or the sale of one or more acres of disturbed land surface. f. Construction activity covered by an individual NPDES Permit for storm water discharges. g. Landfill construction activity that is subject to the Industrial General Permit. h. Construction activity that discharges to Combined Sewer Systems. 1. Conveyances that discharge storm water runoff combined with municipal sewage. J. Discharges of storm water identified in CWA § 402(/)(2), 33 U.S.C. § 1342(/)(2). 2. Linear Projects Not Covered a. LUP construction activity does not include linear routine maintenance projects. Routine maintenance projects are projects associated with operations and maintenance activities that are conducted on existing lines and facilities and within existing right-of-way, easements, franchise agreements, or other legally binding agreements of the discharger. Routine maintenance projects include, but are not limited to projects that are conducted to: i. Maintain the original purpose of the facility or hydraulic capacity. ii. Update existing lines5 and facilities to comply with applicable codes, standards, and regulations regardless if such projects result in increased capacity. iii. Repairing leaks. 5Update existing lines includes replacing existing lines with new materials or pipes. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 10 ---------• -- ------------------------- .. ... ... - - .. .. -.. .. -.. .. -- --------- ---.. ---- Routine maintenance does not include construction of new6 lines or facilities resulting from compliance with applicable codes, standards, and regulations. Routine maintenance projects do not include those areas of maintenance projects that are outside of an existing right-of-way, franchise, easements, or agreements. When a project must secure new areas, those areas may be subject to this General Permit based on the area of disturbed land outside the original right-of-way, easement, or agreement. b. LUP construction activity does not include field activities associated with the planning and design of a project (e.g., activities associated with route selection) . c. Tie-ins conducted immediately adjacent to "energized" or "pressurized" facilities by the discharger are not considered construction activities where all other LUP construction activities associated with the tie-in are covered by an NOi and SWPPP of a third party or municipal agency . 3. EPA's Small Construction Rainfall Erosivity Waiver EPA's Storm Water Phase II Final Rule provides the option for a Small Construction Rainfall Erosivity Waiver. This waiver applies to small construction sites between 1 and 5 acres, and allows permitting authorities to waive those sites that do not have adverse water quality impacts . Dischargers eligible for this waiver are exempt from Construction General Permit Coverage. In order to obtain the waiver, the discharger must certify to the State Water Board that small construction activity will occur only when the rainfall erosivity factor is less than 5 ("R" in the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation). The period of construction activity begins at initial earth disturbance and ends with final stabilization. Where vegetation will be used for final stabilization, the date of installation of a practice that provides interim non-vegetative stabilization can be used for the end of the construction period. The operator must agree (as a condition waiver eligibility) to periodically inspect and properly maintain the area until the criteria for final stabilization as defined in the General Permit have been met. If use of this interim stabilization eligibility condition was relied on to qualify for the waiver, signature on the waiver with a certification statement constitutes acceptance of and commitment to complete the final stabilization process. The discharger must submit a waiver certification to the State Board prior to commencing construction activities. USEPA funded a cooperative agreement with Texas A&M University to develop an online rainfall erosivity calculator. Dischargers can access the calculator from EPA's website at: www.epa.gov/npdes/storm water/cqp. Use of the calculator allows the discharger to determine potential eligibility for the rainfall erosivity waiver. It may also be useful in determining the time periods during which construction activity could be waived from permit coverage. 6New lines are those that are not associated with existing facilities and are not part of a project to update or replace existing lines. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 11 D. Obtaining and Terminating Permit Coverage The appropriate Legally Responsible Person (LRP) must obtain coverage under this General Permit. To obtain coverage, the LRP or the LRP's Approved Signatory must file Permit Registration Documents (PRDs) prior to the commencement of construction activity. Failure to obtain coverage under this General Permit for storm water discharges to waters of the United States is a violation of the CWA and the California Water Code. To obtain coverage under this General Permit, LRPs must electronically file the PRDs, which include a Notice of Intent (NOi), Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP), and other documents required by this General Permit, and mail the appropriate permit fee to the State Water Board. It is expected that as the storm water program develops, the Regional Water Boards may issue General Permits or Individual Permits that contain more specific permit provisions. When this occurs, this General Permit will no longer regulate those dischargers that obtain coverage under Individual Permits. Any information provided to the Regional Water Board shall comply with the Homeland Security Act and any other federal law that concerns security in the United States; any information that does not comply should not be submitted. The application requirements of the General Permit establish a mechanism to clearly identify the responsible parties, locations, and scope of operations of dischargers covered by the General Permit and to document the discharger's knowledge of the General Permit's requirements. This General Permit provides a grandfathering exception to existing dischargers subject to Water Quality Order No. 99-08-DWQ. Construction projects covered under Water Quality Order No. 99-08-DWQ shall obtain permit coverage at Risk Level 1. LUP projects covered under Water Quality Order No. 2003-0007- DWQ shall obtain permit coverage at LUP Type 1. The Regional Water Boards have the authority to require Risk Determination to be performed on projects currently covered under Water Quality Order No. 99-08-DWQ and 2003-0007-DWQ where they deem necessary. LRPs must file a Notice of Termination (NOT) with the Regional Water Board when construction is complete and final stabilization has been reached or ownership has been transferred. The discharger must certify that all State and local requirements have been met in accordance with this General Permit. In order for construction to be found complete, the discharger must install post-construction storm water management measures and establish a long-term maintenance plan. This requirement is intended to ensure that the post-construction conditions at the project site do not cause or contribute to direct or indirect water quality impacts (i.e., pollution and/or hydromodification) upstream and downstream. Specifically, the discharger must demonstrate compliance with the post-construction standards set forth in this General Permit (Section XIII). The discharger is responsible for all compliance issues including all annual fees until the NOT has been filed and approved by the local Regional Water Board. E. Discharge Prohibitions This General Permit authorizes the discharge of storm water to surface waters from construction activities that result in the disturbance of one or more acres of land, provided that the discharger satisfies all permit conditions set forth in the Order. This General Permit prohibits the discharge of pollutants other than storm water and non-storm water discharges authorized by this General Permit or another NPDES permit. This General Permit also prohibits all discharges which contain a hazardous substance in excess of reportable quantities established in 40 C.F.R. §§ 117.3 and 302.4, unless a separate NPDES Permit has been issued to regulate those discharges. In addition, this General Permit incorporates discharge prohibitions contained in water quality control plans, as implemented by the nine Regional Water Boards. Discharges to Areas of Special Biological Significance (ASBS) are prohibited unless covered by an exception that the State Water Board has approved. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 12 --~·--------<-., ------------., ---., -------------------- - -----.. -... - -.... --- - -.. --- -----.. -- Non-storm water discharges include a wide variety of sources, including improper dumping, spills, or leakage from storage tanks or transfer areas. Non-storm water discharges may contribute significant pollutant loads to receiving waters. Measures to control spills, leakage, and dumping, and to prevent illicit connections during construction must be addressed through structural as well as non-structural BMPs. The State Water Board recognizes, however, that certain non-storm water discharges may be necessary for the completion of construction projects. Authorized non-storm water discharges may include those from de-chlorinated potable water sources such as: fire hydrant flushing, irrigation of vegetative erosion control measures, pipe flushing and testing, water to control dust, uncontaminated ground water dewatering, and other discharges not subject to a separate general NPDES permit adopted by a region. Therefore this General Permit authorizes such discharges provided they meet the following conditions. These authorized non-storm water discharges must: 1. be infeasible to eliminate; 2. comply with BMPs as described in the SWPPP; 3. filter or treat, using appropriate technology, all dewatering discharges from sedimentation basins; 4. meet the NALs for pH and turbidity; and 5. not cause or contribute to a violation of water quality standards. Additionally, authorized non-storm water discharges must not be used to clean up failed or inadequate construction or post-construction BMPs designed to keep materials onsite. Authorized non-storm water dewatering discharges may require a permit because some Regional Water Boards have adopted General Permits for dewatering discharges. This General Permit prohibits the discharge of storm water that causes or threatens to cause pollution, contamination, or nuisance. F. Effluent Standards for All Types of Discharges 1. Technology-Based Effluent Limitations Permits for storm water discharges associated with construction activity must meet all applicable provisions of Sections 301 and 402 of the CWA. These provisions require controls of pollutant discharges that utilize best available technology economically achievable (BAT) for toxic pollutants and non conventional pollutants and best conventional pollutant control technology (BCT) for conventional pollutants. Additionally, these provisions require controls of pollutant discharges to reduce pollutants and any more stringent controls necessary to meet water quality standards. The USEPA has already established such limitations, known as effluent limitation guidelines (ELGs), for some industrial categories. This is not the case with construction discharges. In instances where there are no ELGs the permit writer is to use best professional judgment (BPJ) to establish requirements that the discharger must meet using BAT/BCT technology. This General Permit contains only narrative effluent limitations and does not contain numeric effluent limitations, except for Active Treatment Systems (ATS). Order No. 2009-0009-DWQ, as originally adopted by the State Water Board on September 2, 2009, contained numeric effluent limitations for pH (within the range of 6.0 and 9.0 pH units) and turbidity (500 NTU) that applied only to Risk Level 3 and LUP Type 3 construction sites. The State Water Board adopted the numeric effluent limitations as technology-based effluent limitations based upon its best professional judgment. The California Building Industry Association, the Building Industry Legal Defense 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 13 Foundation, and the California Business Properties Association (petitioners) challenged Order No. 2009- 0009-DWQ in California Building Industry Association et al. v. State Water Resources Control Board. On December 27, 2011, the Superior Court issued a judgment and writ of mandamus. The Superior Court ruled in favor of the State Water Board on almost all of the issues the petitioners raised, but the Superior Court invalidated the numeric effluent limitations for pH and turbidity for Risk Level 3 and LUP Type 3 sites because it determined that the State Water Board did not have sufficient BMP performance data to support those numeric effluent limitations. Therefore, the Superior Court concluded that the State Water Board did not comply with the federal regulations that apply to the use of best professional judgment. In invalidating the numeric effluent limitations, the Superior Court also suspended two ancillary requirements (a compliance storm event provision and receiving water monitoring at Risk Level 3 and LUP Type 3 sites that violated the numeric effluent limitations) that related solely to the invalidated numeric effluent limitations. As a result of the Superior Court's writ of mandamus, this Order no longer contains numeric effluent limitations for pH and turbidity, except for ATS. In addition, as a result of the Superior Court's writ of mandamus, the receiving water monitoring requirements for Risk Level 3 and LUP Type 3 sites were suspended until the State Water Board amended this Order to restore the receiving water monitoring requirements. As amended, this Order now requires Risk Level 3 and LUP Type 3 Dischargers with direct discharges to surface waters to conduct receiving water monitoring whenever their effluent exceeds specified receiving water monitoring triggers. The receiving water monitoring triggers were established at the same levels as the previous numeric effluent limitations (effluent pH outside the range of 6.0 and 9.0 pH units or turbidity exceeding 500 NTU). In restoring the receiving water monitoring requirements, the State Water Board determined that it was appropriate to require receiving water monitoring for these types of sites with direct discharges to surface waters that exceeded the receiving water monitoring triggers under any storm event scenarios, because these sites represent the highest threat to receiving water quality. An exceedance of a receiving water monitoring trigger does not constitute a violation of this General Permit. These receiving water monitoring requirements take effect on the effective date of the amendment to this Order. BAT/BCT technologies not only include passive systems such as conventional runoff and sediment control, but-also treatment systems such as coagulation/flocculation using sand filtration, when appropriate. Such technologies allow for effective treatment of soil particles less 0.02 mm (medium silt) in diameter. The discharger must install structural-controls, as necessary, such as erosion and sediment controls that meet BAT and BCT to achieve compliance with water quality standards. The narrative effluent limitations constitute compliance with the requirements of the CWA. Because the permit is an NPDES permit, there is no legal requirement to address the factors set forth in Water Code sections 13241 and 13263, unless the permit is more stringent than what federal law requires. (See City of Burbank v. State Water Resources Control Bd. (2005) 35 Cal.4th 613,618, 627.) None of the requirements in this permit are more stringent than the minimum federal requirements, which include technology-based requirements achieving BAT/BCT and strict compliance with water quality standards. The inclusion of numeric effluent limitations (NELs) in the permit for Active Treatment Systems does not cause the permit to be more stringent than current federal law. NELs and best management practices are simply two different-methods of achieving the same federal requirement: strict compliance with state water quality standards. Federal law authorizes both narrative and numeric effluent limitations to meet state water quality standards. The use of NELs to achieve compliance with water quality standards is not a more stringent requirement than the use of BMPs. (State Water Board Order No. WQ 2006-0012 (Boeing).) Accordingly, the State Water Board does not need to take into account the factors in Water Code sections 13241 and 13263. The State Water Board has concluded that the establishment of BAT/BCT will not create or aggravate other environmental problems through increases in air pollution, solid waste generation, or energy consumption.-While there may be a slight increase in non-water quality impacts due to the implementation of additional monitoring or the construction of additional BMPs, these impacts will be negligible in comparison with the construction activities taking place on site and would be justified by the water quality benefits associated with compliance. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 14 - - ------- -• ----- --------- -------- pH Receiving Water Monitoring Trigger Given the potential contaminants, the minimum standard method for control of pH in runoff requires the use of preventive measures such as avoiding concrete pours during rainy weather, covering concrete and directing flow away from fresh concrete if a pour occurs during rain , covering scrap drywall and stucco materials when stored outside and potentially exposed to rain, and other housekeeping measures. If necessary, pH-impaired storm water from construction sites can be treated in a filter or settling pond or basin, with additional natural or chemical treatment required to meet pH limits set forth in this permit. The basin or pond acts as a collection point and holds storm water for a sufficient period for the contaminants to be settled out, either naturally or artificially, and allows any additional treatment to take place. The State Water Board considers these techniques to be equivalent to BCT. In determining the pH concentration trigger for discharges, the State Water Board used BPJ to set these limitations. The chosen trigger was established by calculating three standard deviations above and below the mean pH of runoff from highway construction sites7 in California. Proper implementation of BMPs should result in discharges that are within the range of 6.0 to 9.0 pH Units. Turbidity Receiving Water Monitoring Trigger The Turbidity receiving water monitoring trigger of 500 NTU is a technology-based trigger and was developed using three different analyses aimed at finding the appropriate threshold to set the technology- based limit to ensure environmental protection, effluent quality and cost-effectiveness. The analyses fell into three, main types: ( 1) an ecoregion-specific dataset developed by Simon et. al. (2004) 8; (2) Statewide Regional Water Quality Control Board enforcement data; and (3) published, peer-reviewed studies and reports on in-situ performance of best management practices in terms of erosion and sediment control on active construction sites. A 1 :3 relationship between turbidity (expressed as NTU) and suspended sediment concentration (expressed as mg/L) is assumed based on a review of suspended sediment and turbidity data from three gages used in the USGS National Water Quality Assessment Program: USGS 1107 4000 SANTA ANA R BL PRADO DAM CA USGS 11447650 SACRAMENTO RA FREEPORT CA USGS 11303500 SAN JOAQUIN R NR VERNALIS CA The receiving water monitoring trigger represents staff determination that the trigger value is the most practicable based on available data. The turbidity receiving water monitoring trigger represents a bridge between the narrative effluent limitations and receiving water limitations. To support this receiving water monitoring trigger, State Water Board staff analyzed construction site discharge information (monitoring data, estimates) and receiving water monitoring information. Since the turbidity receiving water monitoring trigger represents an appropriate threshold level expected at a site, compliance with this value does not necessarily represent compliance with either the narrative effluent limitations (as enforced through the BAT/BCT standard) or the receiving water limitations. In the San Diego region, some inland surface waters have a receiving water objective for turbidity equal to 20 NTU. Obviously a discharge up to, but not exceeding, the turbidity receiving water monitoring trigger of 7 Caltrans Construction Sites Runoff Characterization Study, 2002. Available at: http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/env/storm water/pdf/CTSW-RT-02-055.pdf. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 15 500 NTU may still cause or contribute to the exceedance of the 20 NTU standard. Most of the waters of the State are protected by turbidity objectives based on background conditions. Table 1 -Regio I W t B d B . Pl na a er oar asm ans, a er ua HY ,Iec Ives or ur 1 ICY w t Q rt Ob" r f T b"d"t REGIONAL WQ Objective Background/Natural Maximum WATER BOARD Turblditv Increase 1 Based on All levels 20% backQround 2 Based on > 50 NTU 10% background 3 Based on 0-50 JTU 20% background 50-100 JTU 10 NTU > 100 JTU 10% 4 Based on 0-50 NTU 20% background > 50 NTU 10% 5 Based on 0-5 NTU 1 NTU background 5-50 NTU 20% 50-100 NTU 10 NTU >100 NTU 10% 6 Based on All levels 10% background 7 Based on NIA NIA backQround 8 Based on 0-50 NTU 20% background 50-100 NTU 10 NTU >100 NTU 10% 9 Inland Surface Waters, 20 NTU All others, based on background 0-50 NTU 20% 50-100 NTU 10 NTU >100 NTU 10% Table 2 shows the suspended sediment concentrations at the 1.5 year flow recurrence interval for the 12 ecoregions in California from Simon et. al (2004 ). Table 2 -R It f E esu so coreQIon A I . naIysIs Ecoregion Percent of California Land Area 1 9.1 4 0.2 5 8.8 6 20.7 7 7.7 8 3.0 9 9.4 13 5.2 14 21.7 78 8.1 80 2.4 81 3.7 Area-weiQhted averaQe 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 16 Median Suspended Sediment Concentration (mg/L) 874 120 35.6 1530 122 47.4 284 143 5150 581 199 503 1633 ... ------- .. -... ---------- -- -... ---- If a 1 :3 relationship between turbidity and suspended sediment is assumed, the median turbidity is 544 NTU. The following table is composed of turbidity readings measured in NTUs from administrative civil liability (ACL) actions for construction sites from 2003 -2009. This data was derived from the complete listing of construction-related ACLs for the six year period. All ACLs were reviewed and those that included turbidimeter readings at the point of storm water discharge were selected for this dataset. Table3-ACLS r D k R . IW S amo1mg ata ta en by egIona ater Board taff WDID# Region Discharger Turbidity (NTU) 5S34C331884 SS Bradshaw 1800 Interceptor Section 6B 5S05C325110 SS Bridalwood 1670 Subdivision 5S48C336297 SS Cheyenne at 1629 Browns Valley 5R32C314271 SR Grizzly Ranch 1400 Construction 6A090406008 6T El Dorado County 97.4 Department of Transportation, AnQora Creek 5S03C346861 SS TML 1600 Development, LLC 6A31C325917 6T Northstar Village See Subdata Set Subdata Set -Turbidity for point of storm water runoff discharqe at Northstar Village Date Turbidity Location (NTU) 10/5/2006 900 Middle Martis Creek 11/2/2006 190 Middle Martis Creek 01/04/2007 36 West Fork, West Martis Creek 02/08/2007 180 Middle Martis Creek 02/09/2007 130 Middle Martis Creek 02/09/2007 290 Middle Martis Creek 02/09/2007 100 West Fork, West Martis Creek 02/10/2007 28 Middle Martis Creek 02/10/2007 23 Middle Martis Creek 02/10/2007 32 Middle Martis Creek 02/10/2007 12 Middle Martis Creek 02/10/2007 60 West Fork, West Martis Creek 02/10/2007 34 West Fork, West Martis Creek A 95% confidence interval for mean turbidity in an AGL order was constructed. The data set used was a small sample size, so the 500 NTU (the value derived as the receiving water monitoring trigger for this General Permit) needed to be verified as a possible population mean. In this case, the population refers to a hypothetical population of turbidity measurements of which our sample of 20 represents. A t- distribution was assumed due to the small sample size: 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 17 Mean: 512.23 NTU Standard Deviation: 686.85 Margin of Error: 321.45 Confidence Interval: 190.78 NTU (Low) 833.68 NTU (High) Based on a constructed 95% confidence interval, an ACL order turbidity measurement will be between 190.78 -833.68 NTU. 500 NTU falls within this range. Using the same data set, a small-sample hypothesis test was also performed to test if the ACL turbidity data set contains enough information to cast doubt on choosing a 500 NTU as a mean. 500 NTU was again chosen due to its proposed use as an acceptable value. The test was carried out using a 95% confidence interval. Results indicated that the ACL turbidity data set does not contain significant sample evidence to reject the claim of 500 NTU as an acceptable mean for the ACL turbidity population. There are not many published, peer-reviewed studies and reports on in-situ performance of best management practices in terms of erosion and sediment control on active construction sites. The most often cited study is a report titled, "Improving the Cost Effectiveness of Highway Construction Site Erosion and Pollution Control" (Horner, Guedry, and Kortenhof 1990, http://www.wsdot.wa.gov/Research/Reports/200/200.1.htm). In a comment letter summarizing this report sent to the State Water Board, the primary author, Dr. Horner, states: "The most effective erosion control product was wood fiber mulch applied at two different rates along with a bonding agent and grass seed in sufficient time before the tests to achieve germination. Plots treated in this way reduced influent turbidity by more than 97 percent and discharged effluent exhibiting mean and maximum turbidity values of 21 and 73 NTU, respectively. Some other mulch and blanket materials performed nearly as well. These tests demonstrated the control ability of widely available BMPs over a very broad range of erosion potential." Other technologies studied in this report produced effluent quality at or near 100 NTU. It is the BPJ of the State Water Board staff that erosion control, while preferred, is not always an option on construction sites and that technology performance in a controlled study showing effluent quality directly leaving a BMP is always easier and cheaper to control than effluent being discharged from the project (edge of property, etc.). As a result, it is the BPJ of the State Water Board staff that it is not cost effective or feasible, at this time, for all risk level and type 3 sites in California to achieve effluent discharges with turbidity values that are less than 100 NTU. To summarize, the analysis showed that: (1) results of the Simon et. al dataset reveals turbidity values in background receiving water in California's ecoregions range from 16 NTU to 1716 NTU (with a mean of 544 NTU); (2) based on a constructed 95% confidence interval, construction sites will be subject to administrative civil liability (ACL) when their turbidity measurement falls between 190.78 -833.68 NTU; and (3) sites with highly controlled discharges employing and maintaining good erosion control practices can discharge effluent from the BMP with turbidity values less than 100 NTU. State Water Board staff has determined, using its BPJ, that it is most cost effective to set the receiving water monitoring trigger for turbidity at 500 NTU. i. Compliance Storm Event While this General Permit no longer contains "compliance storm event" exceptions from technology-based NELs, the "compliance storm event" exception from the ATS NELs remain in effect. See Section K of this Fact Sheet, and Attachment F of this General Permit for more information. a. TMDLs and Waste Load Allocations Dischargers located within the watershed of a CWA § 303(d) impaired water body, for which a TMDL for sediment has been adopted by the Regional Water Board or USEPA, must comply with the approved TMDL if it identifies "construction activity" or land disturbance as a source of sediment. If it does, the 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 18 - -----• ------------------------------ .,. - -----.. ---.. ---... ---... -------.... - w - - TMDL should include a specific waste load allocation for this activity/source. The discharger, in this case, may be required by a separate Regional Water Board order to implement additional BMPs, conduct additional monitoring activities, and/or comply with an applicable waste load allocation and implementation schedule. If a specific waste load allocation has been established that would apply to a specific discharge, the Regional Water Board may adopt an order requiring specific implementation actions necessary to meet that allocation. In the instance where an approved TMDL has specified a general waste load allocation to construction storm water discharges, but no specific requirements for construction sites have been identified in the TMDL, dischargers must consult with the state TMDL authority9 to confirm that adherence to a SWPPP that meets the requirements of the General Permit will be consistent with the approved TMDL. 2. Determining Compliance with Effluent Standards a. Technology-Based Numeric Action Levels (NALs) This General Permit contains technology-based NALs for pH and turbidity, and requirements for effluent monitoring at all Risk level 2 & 3, and LUP Type 2 & 3 sites. Numeric action levels are essentially numeric benchmark values for certain parameters that, if exceeded in effluent sampling, trigger the discharger to take actions. Exceedance of an NAL does not itself constitute a violation of the General Permit. If the discharger fails to take the corrective action required by the General Permit, though, that may consititute a violation. The primary purpose of NALs is to assist dischargers in evaluating the effectiveness of their on-site measures. Construction sites need to employ many different systems that must work together to achieve compliance with the permit's requirements. The NALs chosen should indicate whether the systems are working as intended . Another purpose of NALs is to provide information regarding construction activities and water quality impacts. This data will provide the State and Regional Water Boards and the rest of the storm water community with more information about levels and types of pollutants present in runoff and how effective the dischargers BMPs are at reducing pollutants in effluent. The State Water Board also hopes to learn more about the linkage between effluent and receiving water quality. In addition, these requirements will provide information on the mechanics needed to establish compliance monitoring programs at construction sites in future permit deliberations. i. pH The chosen limits were established by calculating one standard deviation above and below the mean pH of runoff from highway construction sites 10 in California. Proper implementation of BMPs should result in discharges that are within the range of 6.5 to 8.5 pH Units. 9 http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/tmdl/tmdl.html. 1° Caltrans Construction Sites Runoff Characterization Study, 2002. Available at: http://www.dot.ca.gov/hq/env/storm water/pdf/CTSW-RT-02-055. pdf. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 19 The Caltrans study included 33 highway construction sites throughout California over a period of four years, which included 120 storm events. All of these sites had BMPs in place that would be generally implemented at all types of construction sites in California. ii. Turbidity BPJ was used to develop an NAL that can be used as a learning tool to help dischargers improve their site controls, and to provide meaningful information on the effectiveness of storm water controls. A statewide turbidity NAL has been set at 250 NTU. G. Receiving Water Limitations Construction-related activities that cause or contribute to an exceedance of water quality standards must be addressed. The dynamic nature of construction activity gives the discharger the ability to quickly identify and monitor the source of the exceedances. This is because when storm water mobilizes sediment, it provides visual cues as to where corrective actions should take place and how effective they are once implemented. This General Permit requires that storm water discharges and authorized non-storm water discharges must not contain pollutants that cause or contribute to an exceedance of any applicable water quality objective or water quality standards. The monitoring requirements in this General Permit for sampling and analysis procedures will help determine whether BMPs installed and maintained are preventing pollutants in discharges from the construction site that may cause or contribute to an exceedance of water quality standards. Water quality standards consist of designated beneficial uses of surface waters and the adoption of ambient criteria necessary to protect those uses. When adopted by the State Water Board or a Regional Water Board, the ambient criteria are termed "water quality objectives." If storm water runoff from construction sites contains pollutants, there is a risk that those pollutants could enter surface waters and cause or contribute to an exceedance of water quality standards. For that reason, dischargers should be aware of the applicable water quality standards in their receiving waters. (The best method to ensure compliance with receiving water limitations is to implement BMPs that prevent pollutants from contact with storm water or from leaving the construction site in runoff.) In California, water quality standards are published in the Basin Plans adopted by each Regional Water Board, the California Toxics Rule (CTR), the National Toxics Rule (NTR), and the Ocean Plan. Dischargers can determine the applicable water quality standards by contacting Regional Water Board staff or by consulting one of the following sources. The actual Basin Plans that contain the water quality standards can be viewed at the website of the appropriate Regional Water Board. (http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/regions.html), the State Water Board site for statewide plans (http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/plnspols/index.html), or the USEPA regulations for the NTR and CTR (40 C.F.R. §§ 131.36-38). Basin Plans and statewide plans are also available by mail from the appropriate Regional Water Board or the State Water Board. The USEPA regulations are available at http://www.epa.gov/. Additional information concerning water quality standards can be accessed through http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/stormwtr/gen canst.html. H. Training Qualifications and Requirements The Blue Ribbon Panel (BRP) made the following observation about the lack of industry-specific training requirements: "Currently, there is no required training or certification program for contractors, preparers of soil erosion and sediment control Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plans, or field inspectors." 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 20 - ----- ------------------------------ Order 99-08-DWQ required that all dischargers train their employees on how to comply with the permit, but it did not specificy a curriculum or certification program. This has resulted in inconsistent implementation by all affected parties -the dischargers, the local governments where the construction activity occurs, and the regulators required to enforce 99-08-DWQ. This General Permit requires Qualified SWPPP Developers and practitioners to obtain appropriate training, and makes this curriculum mandatory two years after adoption, to allow time for course completion. The State and Regional Water Board are working with many stakeholders to develop the curriculum and mechanisms needed to develop and deliver the courses. To ensure that the preparation, implementation, and oversight of the SWPPP is sufficient for effective pollution prevention, the Qualified SWPPP Developer and Qualified SWPPP Practitioners responsible for creating, revising, overseeing, and implementing the SWPPP must attend a State Water Board- sponsored or approved Qualified SWPPP Developer and Qualified SWPPP Practitioner training course. I. Sampling, Monitoring, Reporting and Record Keeping 1. Traditional Construction Monitoring Requirements This General Permit requires visual monitoring at all sites, and effluent water quality at all Risk Level 2 & 3 sites. It requires receiving water monitoring at some Risk Level 3 sites. All sites are required to submit annual reports, which contain various types of information, depending on the site characteristics and events. A summary of the monitoring and reporting requirements is found in Table 4. Table 4 -Required Monitoring Elements for Risk Levels Risk Level 2 i--R-is_k_L_e_v_e-1-3---three types required for all Risk Levels: non-storm water, pre-rain and post- rain a. Visual As needed for all Risk Levels ( see below) (if Receiving Water Monitoring Trigger exceeded) pH, turbidity and SSC. Bioassessment for sites 30 acres or lar er. All dischargers are required to conduct quarterly, non-storm water visual inspections. For these inspections, the discharger must visually observe each drainage area for the presence of (or indications of prior) unauthorized and authorized non-storm water discharges and their sources. For storm-related inspections, dischargers must visually observe storm water discharges at all discharge locations within two business days after a qualifying event. For this requirement, a qualifying rain event is one producing precipitation of ½ inch or more of discharge. Dischargers must conduct a post-storm event inspection to (1) identify whether BMPs were adequately designed, implemented, and effective, and (2) identify any additional BMPs necessary and revise the SWPPP accordingly. Dischargers must maintain on-site records of all visual observations, personnel performing the observations, observation dates, weather conditions, locations observed, and corrective actions taken in response to the observations. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 21 b. Non-Visible Pollutant Monitoring This General Permit requires that all dischargers develop a sampling and analysis strategy for monitoring pollutants that are not visually detectable in storm water. Monitoring for non-visible pollutants must be required at any construction site when the exposure of construction materials occurs and where a discharge can cause or contribute to an exceedance of a water quality objective. Of significant concern for construction discharges are the pollutants found in materials used in large quantities at construction sites throughout California and exposed throughout the rainy season, such as cement, flyash, and other recycled materials or by-products of combustion. The water quality standards that apply to these materials will depend on their composition. Some of the more common storm water pollutants from construction activity are not CTR pollutants. Examples of non-visible pollutants include glyphosate (herbicides), diazinon and chlorpyrifos (pesticides), nutrients (fertilizers), and molybdenum (lubricants). The use of diazinon and chlorpyrifos is a common practice among landscaping professionals and may trigger sampling and analysis requirements if these materials come into contact with storm water. High pH values from cement and gypsum, high pH and SSC from wash waters, and chemical/fecal contamination from portable toilets, also are not CTR pollutants. Although some of these constituents do have numeric water quality objectives in individual Basin Plans, many do not and are subject only to narrative water quality standards (i.e. not causing toxicity). Dischargers are encouraged to discuss these issues with Regional Water Board staff and other storm water quality professionals. The most effective way to avoid the sampling and analysis requirements, and to ensure permit compliance, is to avoid the exposure of construction materials to precipitation and storm water runoff. Materials that are not exposed do not have the potential to enter storm water runoff, and therefore receiving waters sampling is not required. Preventing contact between storm water and construction materials is one of the most important BMPs at any construction site. Preventing or eliminating the exposure of pollutants at construction sites is not always possible. Some materials, such as soil amendments, are designed to be used in a manner that will result in exposure to storm water. In these cases, it is important to make sure that these materials are applied according to the manufacturer's instructions and at a time when they are unlikely to be washed away. Other construction materials can be exposed when storage, waste disposal or the application of the material is done in a manner not protective of water quality. For these situations, sampling is required unless there is capture and containment of all storm water that has been exposed. In cases where construction materials may be exposed to storm water, but the storm water is contained and is not allowed to run off the site, sampling will only be required when inspections show that the containment failed or is breached, resulting in potential exposure or discharge to receiving waters. The discharger must develop a list of potential pollutants based on a review of potential sources, which will include construction materials soil amendments, soil treatments, and historic contamination at the site. The discharger must review existing environmental and real estate documentation to determine the potential for pollutants that could be present on the construction site as a result of past land use activities. Good sources of information on previously existing pollution and past land uses include: i. Environmental Assessments; ii. Initial Studies; iii. Phase 1 Assessments prepared for property transfers; and iv. Environmental Impact Reports or Environmental Impact Statements prepared under the requirements of the National Environmental Policy Act or the California Environmental Quality Act. In some instances, the results of soil chemical analyses may be available and can provide additional information on potential contamination. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 22 The potential pollutant list must include all non-visible pollutants that are known or should be known to occur on the construction site including, but not limited to, materials that: i. are being used in construction activities; ii. are stored on the construction site; iii. were spilled during construction operations and not cleaned up; iv. were stored (or used) in a manner that created the potential for a release of the materials during past land use activities; v. were spilled during previous land use activities and not cleaned up; or vi. were applied to the soil as part of past land use activities. c. Effluent Monitoring Federal regulations 11 require effluent monitoring for discharges subject to NALs. Subsequently, all Risk Level 2 and 3 dischargers must perform sampling and analysis of effluent discharges to characterize discharges associated with construction activity from the entire area disturbed by the project. Dischargers must collect samples of stored or contained storm water that is discharged subsequent to a storm event producing precipitation of ½ inch or more at the time of discharge. Table 5 -Storm Water Effluent Monitoring Requirements by Risk Level Risk Level 1 Risk Level 2 Risk Level 3 when applicable Minimum of 3 samples per day during qualifying rain event characterizing discharges associated with construction activity from the entire project disturbed area. Minimum of 3 samples per day during qualifying rain event characterizing discharges associated with construction activity from the entire project disturbed area. Risk Level 1 dischargers must analyze samples for: non-visible pollutant parameters (if a licable pH, turbidity, and non-visible pollutant parameters (if applicable) pH, turbidity, and non-visible pollutant parameters if applicable i. any parameters indicating the presence of pollutants identified in the pollutant source assessment required in Attachment C contained in the General Permit. 11 40 C.F.R. § 122.44. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 23 Risk Level 2 dischargers must analyze samples for: i. pH and turbidity; ii. any parameters indicating the presence of pollutants identified in the pollutant source assessment required in Attachment D contained in the General Permit, and iii. any additional parameters for which monitoring is required by the Regional Water Board. Risk Level 3 dischargers must analyze samples for: i. pH, turbidity; ii. any parameters indicating the presence of pollutants identified in the pollutant source assessment required in Attachment E contained in the General Permit, and iii. any additional parameters for which monitoring is required by the Regional Water Board. 2. Linear Monitoring and Sampling Requirements Attachment A, establishes minimum monitoring and reporting requirements for all LUPs. It establishes different monitoring requirements depending on project complexity and risk to water quality. The monitoring requirements for Type 1 LUPs are less than Type 2 & 3 projects because Type 1 projects have a lower potential to impact water quality. A discharger shall prepare a monitoring program prior to the start of construction and immediately implement the program at the start of construction for LUPs. The monitoring program must be implemented at the appropriate level to protect water quality at all times throughout the life of the project. a. Type 1 LUP Monitoring Requirements A discharger must conduct daily visual inspections of Type 1 LUPs during working hours while construction activities are occurring. Inspections are to be conducted by qualified personnel and can be conducted in conjunction with other daily activities. Inspections will be conducted to ensure the BMPs are adequate, maintained, and in place at the end of the construction day. The discharger will revise the SWPPP, as appropriate, based on the results of the daily inspections. Inspections can be discontinued in non-active construction areas where soil disturbing activities have been completed and final stabilization has been achieved (e.g., trench has been paved, substructures have been installed, and successful final vegetative cover or other stabilization criteria have been met). A discharger shall implement the monitoring program for inspecting Type 1 LUPs. This program requires temporary and permanent stabilization BMPs after active construction is completed. Inspection activities will continue until adequate permanent stabilization has been established and will continue in areas where re-vegetation is chosen until minimum vegetative coverage has been established. Photographs shall be taken during site inspections and submitted to the State Water Board. b. Type 2 & 3 LUP Monitoring Requirements A discharger must conduct daily visual inspections of Type 2 & 3 LUPs during working hours while construction activities are occurring. Inspections are to be conducted by qualified personnel and can be in conjunction with other daily activities. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 24 All dischargers of Type 2 & 3 LUPs are required to conduct inspections by qualified personnel of the construction site during normal working hours prior to all anticipated storm events and after actual storm events. During extended storm events, the discharger shall conduct inspections during normal working hours for each 24-hour period. Inspections can be discontinued in non-active construction areas where soil disturbing activities have been completed and final stabilization has been achieved (e.g., trench has been paved, substructures installed, and successful vegetative cover or other stabilization criteria have been met). The goals of these inspections are (1) to identify areas contributing to a storm water discharge; (2) to evaluate whether measures to reduce pollutant loadings identified in the SWPPP are adequate and properly installed and functioning in accordance with the terms of the General Permit; and (3) to determine whether additional control practices or corrective maintenance activities are needed. Equipment, materials, and workers must be available for rapid response to failures and emergencies. All corrective maintenance to BMPs shall be performed as soon as possible, depending upon worker safety. All dischargers shall develop and implement a monitoring program for inspecting Type 2 & 3 LUPs that require temporary and permanent stabilization BMPs after active construction is completed. Inspections will be conducted to ensure the BMPs are adequate and maintained. Inspection activities will continue until adequate permanent stabilization has been established and will continue in areas where revegetation is chosen until minimum vegetative coverage has been established. A log of inspections conducted before, during, and after the storm events must be maintained in the SWPPP. The log will provide the date and time of the inspection and who conducted the inspection. Photographs must be taken during site inspections and submitted to the State Water Board. c. Sampling Requirements for all LUP Project Types LUPs are also subject to sampling and analysis requirements for visible pollutants (i.e., sedimentation/siltation, turbidity) and for non-visible pollutants. Sampling for visible pollutants is required for Type 2 & 3 LUPs. Non-visible pollutant monitoring is required for pollutants associated with construction sites and activities that (1) are not visually detectable in storm water discharges, and (2) are known or should be known to occur on the construction site, and (3) could cause or contribute to an exceedance of water quality objectives in the receiving waters. Sample collection for non-visible pollutants must only be required (1) during a storm event when pollutants associated with construction activities may be discharged with storm water runoff due to a spill, or in the event there was a breach, malfunction, failure, and/or leak of any BMP, and (2) when the discharger has failed to adequately clean the area of material and pollutants. Failure to implement appropriate BMPs will trigger the same sampling requirements as those required for a breach, malfunction and/or leak, or when the discharger has failed to implement appropriate BMPs prior to the next storm event. Additional monitoring parameters may be required by the Regional Water Boards. It is not anticipated that many LUPs will be required to collect samples for pollutants not visually detected in runoff due to the nature and character of the construction site and activities as previously described in this fact sheet. Most LUPs are constructed in urban areas with public access (e.g., existing roadways, road shoulders, parking areas, etc.). This raises a concern regarding the potential contribution of pollutants from vehicle use and/or from normal activities of the public (e.g., vehicle washing, landscape fertilization, pest spraying, etc.) in runoff from the project site. Since the dischargers are not the land owners of the project area and are not able to control the presence of these pollutants in the storm water that runs through their projects, it is not the intent of this General Permit to require dischargers to sample for these pollutants. This General Permit does not require the discharger to sample for these types of pollutants except where the discharger has brought materials onsite that contain these pollutants and when a condition (e.g., breach, failure, etc.) described above occurs. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 25 3. Receiving Water Monitoring In order to ensure that receiving water limitations are met, discharges subject to receiving water monitoring triggers (i.e., Risk Level 3 and LUP Type 3 sites) or numeric effluent limitations (i.e., Risk Level 3 and LUP Type 3 sites utilizing ATS with direct discharges into receiving waters) must also monitor the downstream receiving water(s) for turbidity, SSC, and pH (if applicable) when a receiving water monitoring trigger or NEL is exceeded. a. Bioassessment Monitoring This General Permit requires a bioassessment of receiving waters for dischargers of Risk Level 3 or LUP Type 3 construction projects equal to or larger than 30 acres with direct discharges into receiving waters. Benthic macroinvertebrate samples will be taken upstream and downstream of the site's discharge point in the receiving water. Bioassessments measure the quality of the stream by analyzing the aquatic life present. Higher levels of appropriate aquatic species tend to indicate a healthy stream; whereas low levels of organisms can indicate stream degradation. Active construction sites have the potential to discharge large amounts of sediment and pollutants into receiving waters. Requiring a bioassessment for large project sites, with the most potential to impact water quality, provides a snapshot of the health of the receiving water prior to initiation of construction activities. This snapshot can be used in comparison to the health of the receiving water after construction has commenced. Each ecoregion (biologically and geographically related area) in the State has a specific yearly peak time where stream biota is in a stable and abundant state. This time of year is called an Index Period. The bioassessment requirements in this General Permit, requires benthic macroinvertebrate sampling within a sites index period. The State Water Board has developed a map designating index periods for the ecoregions in the State (see State Water Board Website). This General Permit requires the bioassessment methods to be in accordance with the Surface Water Ambient Monitoring Program (SWAMP) in order to provide data consistency within the state as well as generate useable biological stream data. Table 6 -Receiving Water Monitoring Requirements Risk Level 1 /LUP T e 1 Risk Level 2 / LUP T e 2 Risk Level 3 / LUP Type 3 4. Reporting Requirements a. NAL Exceedance Report not re uired not re uired If Receiving Water Monitoring Trigger exceeded: pH (if applicable), turbidity, and SSC. Bioassessment for sites 30 acres or lar er. All Risk Level 3 and LUP Type 3 dischargers must electronically submit all storm event sampling results to the State And Regional Boards, via the electronic data system, no later than 10 days after the conclusion of the storm event. b. Annual Report All dischargers must prepare and electronically submit an annual report no later than September 1 of each year using the Storm water Multi-Application Reporting and Tracking System (SMARTS). The 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 26 Annual Report must include a summary and evaluation of all sampling and analysis results, original laboratory reports, chain of custody forms, a summary of all corrective actions taken during the compliance year, and identification of any compliance activities or corrective actions that were not implemented. 5. Record Keeping According to 40 C.F.R. Parts 122.21(p) and 122.410), the discharger is required to retain paper or electronic copies of all records required by this General Permit for a period of at least three years from the date generated or the date submitted to the State Water Board or Regional Water Boards. A discharger must retain records for a period beyond three years as directed by Regional Water Board. J. Risk Determination 1. Traditional Projects a. Overall Risk Determination There are two major requirements related to site planning and risk determination in this General Permit. The project's overall risk is broken up into two elements -(1) project sediment risk (the relative amount of sediment that can be discharged, given the project and location details) and (2) receiving water risk (the risk sediment discharges pose to the receiving waters). Project Sediment Risk: Project Sediment Risk is determined by multiplying the R, K, and LS factors from the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation (RUSLE) to obtain an estimate of project-related bare ground soil loss expressed in tons/acre. The RUSLE equation is as follows: A= (R)(K)(LS)(C)(P) Where: A = the rate of sheet and rill erosion R = rainfall-runoff erosivity factor K = soil erodibility factor LS = length-slope factor C = cover factor ( erosion controls) P = management operations and support practices (sediment controls) The C and P factors are given values of 1.0 to simulate bare ground conditions. There is a map option and a manual calculation option for determining soil loss. For the map option, the R factor for the project is calculated using the online calculator at http://cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater/LEW/lewCalculator.cfm. The product of Kand LS are shown on Figure 1. To determine soil loss in tons per acre, the discharger multiplies the R factor times the value for K times LS from the map. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 27 N + 0 25 50 100 ---====::::::iMiles """◊~- Regional Board Boundaries [;:, USEPA EMAP Risk Categories kls4 0 .. 0.1 .. 0.2 .. 0.3 .. 0.4 .. 0.5 .. 0.6 .. 0.7 .. 0.8 .. 0.9 .. 1 .. 1.1 .. 1.2 .. 1.3 t> 1.4 !D 1.5 0 1.6 Ci 1.7 0 1.8 B 1.9 ~ 2 t;, 2.1 • .. ~ Warcr Boards .. ··-•···-· .. State Water Resources Contro l Board, January 15, 2008 Figure 1 -Statewide Map of K * LS For the manual calculation option, the R factor for the project is calculated using the online calculator at http://cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater/LEW/lewCalculator.cfm. The Kand LS factors are determined using Appendix 1. Soil loss of less than 15 tons/acre is considered low sediment risk. Soil loss between 15 and 75 tons/acre is medium sediment risk. Soil loss over 75 tons/acre is considered high sediment risk. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 28 The soil loss values and risk categories were obtained from mean and standard deviation RKLS values from the USEPA EMAP program. High risk is the mean RKLS value plus two standard deviations. Low risk is the mean RKLS value minus two standard deviations. Receiving Water Risk: Receiving water risk is based on whether a project drains to a sediment-sensitive waterbody. A sediment-sensitive waterbody is either on the most recent 303d list for waterbodies impaired for sediment; has a USEPA-approved Total Maximum Daily Load implementation plan for sediment; or has the beneficial uses of COLD, SPAWN, and MIGRATORY. A project that meets at least one of the three criteria has a high receiving water risk. A list of sediment- sensitive waterbodies will be posted on the State Water Board's website. It is anticipated that an interactive map of sediment sensitive water bodies in California will be available in the future. The Risk Levels have been altered by eliminating the possibility of a Risk Level 4, and expanding the constraints for Risk Levels 1, 2, and 3. Therefore, projects with high receiving water risk and high sediment risk will be considered a Risk Level 3 risk to water quality. In response to public comments, the Risk Level requirements have also been changed such that Risk Level 1 projects will be subject to minimum BMP and visual monitoring requirements, Risk Level 2 projects will be subject to NALs and some additional monitoring requirements, and Risk Level 3 projects will be subject to NALs, and more rigorous monitoring requirements such as receiving water monitoring and in some cases bioassessment. Table 7 -Combined Risk Level Matrix Combined Risk Level Matrix Sediment Risk L.. Low Medium Hiah Q) ro Low Level 1 Level2 ~ Cl C '> 'iii~ High Level2 Level3 u tJ) Q) ·-0::: 0::: b. Effluent Standards All dischargers are subject to the narrative effluent limitations specified in the General Permit. The narrative effluent limitations require storm water discharges associated with construction activity to meet all applicable provisions of Sections 301 and 402 of the CWA. These provisions require controls of pollutant discharges that utilize BAT and BCT to reduce pollutants and any more stringent controls necessary to meet water quality standards. Risk Level 2 dischargers that pose a medium risk to water quality are subject to technology-based NALs for pH and turbidity. Risk Level 3 dischargers that pose a high risk to water quality are also subject to technology-based NALs for pH and turbidity. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 29 c. Good Housekeeping Proper handling and managing of construction materials can help minimize threats to water quality. The discharger must consider good housekeeping measures for: construction materials, waste management, vehicle storage & maintenance, landscape materials, and potential pollutant sources. Examples include; conducting an inventory of products used, implementing proper storage & containment, and properly cleaning all leaks from equipment and vehicles. d. Non-Storm Water Management Non-storm water discharges directly connected to receiving waters or the storm drain system have the potential to negatively impact water quality. The discharger must implement measures to control all non- storm water discharges during construction, and from dewatering activities associated with construction. Examples include; properly washing vehicles in contained areas, cleaning streets, and minimizing irrigation runoff. e. Erosion Control The best way to minimize the risk of creating erosion and sedimentation problems during construction is to disturb as little of the land surface as possible by fitting the development to the terrain. When development is tailored to the natural contours of the land, little grading is necessary and, consequently, erosion potential is lower.14 Other effective erosion control measures include: preserving existing vegetation where feasible, limiting disturbance, and stabilizing and re-vegetating disturbed areas as soon as possible after grading or construction activities. Particular attention must be paid to large, mass- graded sites where the potential for soil exposure to the erosive effects of rainfall and wind is great and where there is potential for significant sediment discharge from the site to surface waters. Until permanent vegetation is established, soil cover is the most cost-effective and expeditious method to protect soil particles from detachment and transport by rainfall. Temporary soil stabilization can be the single most important factor in reducing erosion at construction sites. The discharger is required to consider measures such as: covering disturbed areas with mulch, temporary seeding, soil stabilizers, binders, fiber rolls or blankets, temporary vegetation, and permanent seeding. These erosion control measures are only examples of what should be considered and should not preclude new or innovative approaches currently available or being developed. Erosion control BMPs should be the primary means of preventing storm water contamination, and sediment control techniques should be used to capture any soil that becomes eroded.12 Risk Level 3 dischargers pose a higher risk to water quality and are therefore additionally required to ensure that post-construction soil loss is equivalent to or less than the pre-construction levels. f. Sediment Control Sediment control BMPs should be the secondary means of preventing storm water contamination. When erosion control techniques are ineffective, sediment control techniques should be used to capture any soil that becomes eroded. The discharger is required to consider perimeter control measures such as: installing silt fences or placing straw wattles below slopes. These sediment control measures are only 12 U.S. Environmental Protection Agency. 2007. Developing Your Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan: A Guide for Construction Sites. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 30 ... -... - ... -.. - ... - -... ... -.. .. .. -.... - -- - - examples of what should be considered and should not preclude new or innovative approaches currently available or being developed. Because Risk Level 2 and 3 dischargers pose a higher risk to water quality, additional requirements for the application of sediment controls are imposed on these projects. This General Permit also authorizes the Regional Water Boards to require Risk Level 3 dischargers to implement additional site-specific sediment control requirements if the implementation of other erosion or sediment controls are not adequately protecting the receiving waters. g. Run-on and Runoff Control Inappropriate management of run-on and runoff can result in excessive physical impacts to receiving waters from sediment and increased flows. The discharger is required to manage all run-on and runoff from a project site .. Examples include: installing berms and other temporary run-on and runoff diversions. Risk Level 1 dischargers with lower risks to impact water quality are not subject to the run-on and runoff control requirements unless an evaluation deems them necessary or visual inspections show that such controls are required. h. Inspection, Maintenance and Repair All measures must be periodically inspected, maintained and repaired to ensure that receiving water quality is protected. Frequent inspections coupled with thorough documentation and timely repair is necessary to ensure that all measures are functioning as intended. i. Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) A Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) is a written document, specific for each rain event. A REAP should be designed that when implemented it protects all exposed portions of the site within 48 hours of any likely precipitation event forecast of 50% or greater probability. This General Permit requires Risk Level 2 and 3 dischargers to develop and implement a REAP designed to protect all exposed portions of their sites within 48 hours prior to any likely precipitation event. The REAP requirement is designed to ensure that the discharger has adequate materials, staff, and time to implement erosion and sediment control measures that are intended to reduce the amount of sediment and other pollutants generated from the active site. A REAP must be developed when there is likely a forecast of 50% or greater probability of precipitation in the project area. (The National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) defines a chance of precipitation as a probability of precipitation of 30% to 50% chance of producing precipitation in the project area.13 NOAA defines the probability of precipitation (PoP) as the likelihood of occurrence (expressed as a percent) of a measurable amount (0.01 inch or more) of liquid precipitation (or the water equivalent of frozen precipitation) during a specified period of time at any given point in the forecast area.) Forecasts are normally issued for 12- hour time periods. Descriptive terms for uncertainty and aerial coverage are used as follows: Table 8 -National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) Definition of Probability of Precipitation (PoP) 13 http://www.crh.noaa.gov/loUsevere/wxterms.php. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 31 Expressions of Aerial PoP Uncertainty Coverage 0% none used none used 10% none used isolated 20% slight chance isolated 30-50% chance scattered 60-70% likely numerous 80-100% none used none used The discharger must obtain the precipitation forecast information from the National Weather Service Forecast Office (http://www.srh.noaa.gov/). 2. Linear Projects a. Linear Risk Determination LUPs vary in complexity and water quality concerns based on the type of project. This General Permit has varying application requirements based on the project's risk to water quality. Factors that lead to the characterization of the project include location, sediment risk, and receiving water risk. Based on the location and complexity of a project area or project section area, LUPs are separated into project types. As described below, LUPs have been categorized into three project types. i. Type 1 LUPs Type 1 LUPs are those construction projects where: (1) 70 percent or more of the construction activity occurs on a paved surface and where areas disturbed during construction will be returned to preconstruction conditions or equivalent protection established at the end of the construction activities for the day, or (2) greater than 30 percent of construction activities occur within the non-paved shoulders or land immediately adjacent to paved surfaces, or where construction occurs on unpaved improved roads, including their shoulders or land immediately adjacent to them where: Areas disturbed during construction will be returned to pre-construction conditions or equivalent protection established at the end of the construction activities for the day to minimize the potential for erosion and sediment deposition, and 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 32 -----• ------ • -------- ------ -------- .. ... - -- .. .. ..., -.. - -.. -... - - .. --- -- Areas where established vegetation was disturbed during construction will be stabilized and re-vegetated by the end of project. When required, adequate temporary stabilization Best Management Practices (BMPs) will be installed and maintained until vegetation is established to meet minimum cover requirements established in this General Permit for final stabilization. Type 1 LUPs typically do not have a high potential to impact storm water quality because (1) these construction activities are not typically conducted during a rain event, (2) these projects are normally constructed over a short period of time 14, minimizing the duration that pollutants could potentially be exposed to rainfall; and (3) disturbed soils such as those from trench excavation are required to be hauled away, backfilled into the trench, and/or covered (e.g., metal plates, pavement, plastic covers over spoil piles) at the end of the construction day. Type 1 LUPs are determined during the risk assessment found in Attachment A.1 to be 1) low sediment risk and low receiving water risk; 2) low sediment risk and medium receiving water risk; and 3) medium sediment risk and low receiving water risk . This General Permit requires the discharger to ensure a SWPPP is developed for these construction activities that is specific to project type, location and characteristics. ii. Type 2 LUPs: Type 2 projects are determined to have a combination of High, Medium, and Low project sediment risk along with High, Medium, and Low receiving water risk. Like Type 1 projects, Type 2 projects are typically constructed over a short period of time. However, these projects have a higher potential to impact water quality because they: ( 1) typically occur outside the more urban/developed areas; (2) have larger areas of soil disturbance that are not closed or restored at the end of the day; (3) may have onsite stockpiles of soil, spoil and other materials; (4) cross or occur in close proximity to a wide variety of sensitive resources that may include, but are not limited to, steep topography and/or water bodies; and (5) have larger areas of disturbed soils that may be exposed for a longer time interval before final stabilization, cleanup and/or reclamation occurs. This General Permit requires the discharger to develop and implement a SWPPP for these construction activities that are specific for project type, location and characteristics. iii. Type 3 LUPs: 14 Short period of time refers to a project duration of weeks to months, but typically less than one year in duration. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 33 Type 3 projects are determined to have a combination of High and Medium project sediment risk along with High and Medium receiving water risk. Similar to Type 2 projects, Type 3 projects have a higher potential to impact water quality because they: (1) typically occur outside of the more urban/developed areas; (2) have larger areas of soil disturbance that are not closed or restored at the end of the day; (3) may have onsite stockpiles of soil, spoil and other materials; (4) cross or occur in close proximity to a wide variety of sensitive resources that may include, but are not limited to, steep topography and/or water bodies; and (5) have larger areas of disturbed soils that may be exposed for a longer time interval before final stabilization, cleanup and/or reclamation occurs. This General Permit requires the discharger to develop and implement a SWPPP for these construction activities that are specific for project type, location, and characteristics. b. Linear Effluent Standards All LUPs are subject to the narrative effluent limitations specified in the General Permit. Type 2 and Type 3 projects are subject to technology-based NALs for pH and turbidity. c. Linear Good Housekeeping Improper use and handling of construction materials could potentially cause a threat to water quality. In order to ensure proper site management of these construction materials, all LUP dischargers must comply with a minimum set of Good Housekeeping measures specified in Attachment A of this General Permit. d. Linear Non-Storm Water Management In order to ensure control of all non-storm water discharges during construction, all LUP dischargers must comply with the Non-Storm Water Management measures specified in Attachment A of this General Permit. e. Linear Erosion Control This General Permit requires all LUP dischargers to implement effective wind erosion control measures, and soil cover for inactive areas. Type 3 LUPs posing a higher risk to water quality are additionally required to ensure the post-construction soil loss is equivalent to or less than the pre-construction levels. f. Linear Sediment Control In order to ensure control and containment of all sediment discharges, all LUP dischargers must comply with the general Sediment Control measures specified in Attachment A or this General Permit. Additional requirements for sediment controls are imposed on Type 2 & 3 LUPs due to their higher risk to water quality. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 34 -•"---,-~ ·~•" > -------• --------------I -., -------------- -... -.. -... -... - .. .. -.. .. -.. - • - -... -... -... .. .. --.. - g. Linear Run-on and Runoff Control Discharges originating outside of a project's perimeter and flowing onto the property can adversely affect the quantity and quality of discharges originating from a project site. In order to ensure proper management of run-on and runoff, all LUPs must comply with the run-on and runoff control measures specified in Attachment A of this General Permit. Due to the lower risk of impacting water quality, Type 1 LUPs are not required to implement run-on and runoff controls unless deemed necessary by the discharger . h. Linear Inspection, Maintenance and Repair Proper inspection, maintenance, and repair activities are important to ensure the effectiveness of on-site measures to control water quality. In order to ensure that inspection, maintenance, and repair activities are adequately performed, the all LUP dischargers a re required to comply with the Inspection, Maintenance, and Repair requirements specified in Attachment A of this General Permit. K. ATS15 Requirements There are instances on construction sites where traditional erosion and sediment controls do not effectively control accelerated erosion. Under such circumstances, or under circumstances where storm water discharges leaving the site may cause or contribute to an exceedance of a water quality standard, the use of an Active Treatment System (ATS) may be necessary. Additionally, it may be appropriate to use an ATS when site constraints inhibit the ability to construct a correctly sized sediment basin, when clay and/or highly erosive soils are present, or when the site has very steep or long slope lengths.16 Although treatment systems have been in use in some form since the mid-1990s, the ATS industry in California is relatively young, and detailed regulatory standards have not yet been developed. Many developers are using these systems to treat storm water discharges from their construction sites. The new A TS requirements set forth in this General Permit are based on those in place for small wastewater treatment systems, ATS regulations from the Central Valley Regional Water Quality Control Board (September 2005 memorandum "2005/2006 Rainy Season -Monitoring Requirements for Storm Water Treatment Systems that Utilize Chemical Additives to Enhance Sedimentation"), the Construction Storm Water Program at the State of Washington's Department of Ecology, as well as recent advances in technology and knowledge of coagulant performance and aquatic safety . The effective design of an A TS requires a detailed survey and analysis of site conditions. With proper planning, ATS performance can provide exceptional water quality discharge and prevent significant impacts to surface water quality, even under extreme environmental conditions. These systems can be very effective in reducing the sediment in storm water runoff, but the systems that use additives/polymers to enhance sedimentation also pose a potential risk to water quality (e.g., operational failure, equipment failure, additive/polymer release, etc.). The State Water Board is concerned about the potential acute and chronic impacts that the polymers and other chemical additives may have on fish and aquatic organisms if released in sufficient quantities or concentrations. In addition 15 An ATS is a treatment system that employs chemical coagulation, chemical flocculation, or electrocoagulation in order to reduce turbidity caused by fine suspended sediment. 16 Pitt, R., S. Clark, and D. Lake. 2006. Construction Site Erosion and Sediment Controls: Planning, Design, and Performance. DEStech Publications. Lancaster, PA. 370pp. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 35 to anecdotal evidence of polymer releases causing aquatic toxicity in California, the literature supports this concern.17 For example, cationic polymers have been shown to bind with the negatively charged gills of fish, resulting in mechanical suffocation.18 Due to the potential toxicity impacts, which may be caused by the release of additives/polymers into receiving waters, this General Permit establishes residual polymer monitoring and toxicity testing requirements have been established in this General Permit for discharges from construction sites that utilize an A TS in order to protect receiving water quality and beneficial uses. The primary treatment process in an ATS is coagulation/flocculation. ATS's operate on the principle that the added coagulant is bound to suspended sediment, forming floe, which is gravitationally settled in tanks or a basin, or removed by sand filters. A typical installation utilizes an injection pump upstream from the clarifier tank, basin, or sand filters, which is electronically metered to both flow rate and suspended solids level of the influent, assuring a constant dose. The coagulant mixes and reacts with the influent, forming a dense floe. The floe may be removed by gravitational setting in a clarifier tank or basin, or by filtration. Water from the clarifier tank, basin, or sand filters may be routed through cartridge(s) and/or bag filters for final polishing. Vendor-specific systems use various methods of dose control, sediment/floe removal, filtration, etc., that are detailed in project-specific documentation. The particular coagulant/flocculant to be used for a given project is determined based on the water chemistry of the site because the coagulants are specific in their reactions with various types of sediments. Appropriate selection of dosage must be carefully matched to the characteristics of each site. ATS's are operated in two differing modes, either Batch or Flow-Through. Batch treatment can be defined as Pump-Treat-Hold-Test-Release. In Batch treatment, water is held in a basin or tank, and is not discharged until treatment is complete. Batch treatment involves holding or recirculating the treated water in a holding basin or tank(s) until treatment is complete or the basin or storage tank(s) is full. In Flow-Through treatment, water is pumped into the A TS directly from the runoff collection system or storm water holding pond, where it is treated and filtered as it flows through the system, and is then directly discharged. "Flow-Through Treatment" is also referred to as "Continuous Treatment." 1. Effluent Standards This General Permit establishes NELs for discharges from construction sites that utilize an ATS. These systems lend themselves to NELs for turbidity and pH because of their known reliable treatment. Advanced systems have been in use in some form since the mid-1990s. An ATS is considered reliable, can consistently produce a discharge of less than 10 NTU, and has been used successfully at many sites in several states since 1995 to reduce turbidity to very low levels.19 This General Permit contains "compliance storm event" exceptions from the technology-based NELs for A TS discharges. The rationale is that technology-based requirements are developed assuming a certain design storm. In the case of ATS the industry-standard design storm is 10-year, 24-hour (as stated in 17 Rom0en, K., B. Thu, and 0. Evensen. 2002. Immersion delivery of plasmid DNA II. A study of the potentials of a chitosan based delivery system in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) try. Journal of Controlled Release 85: 215- 225. 18 Bullock, G., V. Blazer, S. Tsukuda, and S. Summerfelt. 2000. Toxicity of acidified chitosan for cultured rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Aquaculture 185:273-280. 19 Currier, B., G. Minton, R. Pitt, L. Roesner, K. Schiff, M. Stenstrom, E. Strassler, and E. Strecker. 2006. The Feasibility of Numeric Effluent Limits Applicable to Discharges of Storm Water Associated with Municipal, Industrial and Construction Activities. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 36 -----• ----- -------------------------- Attachment F of this General Permit), so the compliance storm event has been established as the 10-year 24-hour event as well to provide consistency. 2. Training Operator training is critical to the safe and efficient operation and maintenance of the ATS, and to ensure that all State Water Board monitoring and sampling requirements are met. The General Permit requires that all ATS operators have training specific to using ATS's liquid coagulants. L. Post-Construction Requirements Under past practices, new and redevelopment construction activities have resulted in modified natural watershed and stream processes. This is caused by altering the terrain, modifying the vegetation and soil characteristics, introducing impervious surfaces such as pavement and buildings, increasing drainage density through pipes and channels, and altering the condition of stream channels through straightening, deepening, and armoring. These changes result in a drainage system where sediment transport capacity is increased and sediment supply is decreased. A receiving channel's response is dependent on dominant channel materials and its stage of adjustment. Construction activity can lead to impairment of beneficial uses in two main ways. First, during the actual construction process, storm water discharges can negatively affect the chemical, biological, and physical properties of downstream receiving waters. Due to the disturbance of the landscape, the most likely pollutant is sediment, however pH and other non-visible pollutants are also of great concern. Second, after most construction activities are completed at a construction site, the finished project may result in significant modification of the site's response to precipitation. New development and redevelopment projects have almost always resulted in permanent post-construction water quality impacts because more precipitation ends up as runoff and less precipitation is intercepted, evapotranspired, and infiltrated. General Permit 99-08-DWQ required the SWPPP to include a description of all post-construction BMPs on a site and a maintenance schedule. An effective storm water management strategy must address the full suite of storm events (water quality, channel protection, overbank flood protection, extreme flood protection) (Figure 2). Figure 2 -Suite of Storm Events 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 37 The post-construction storm water performance standards in this General Permit specifically address water quality and channel protection events. Overbank flood protection and extreme flood protection events are traditionally dealt with in local drainage and flood protection ordinances. However, measures in this General Permit to address water quality and channel protection also reduce overbank and extreme flooding impacts. This General Permit aims to match post-construction runoff to pre-construction runoff for the 85th percentile storm event, which not only reduces the risk of impact to the receiving water's channel morphology but also provides some protection of water quality. This General Permit clarifies that its runoff reduction requirements only apply to projects that lie outside of jurisdictions covered by a Standard Urban Storm water Management Plan (SUSMP) (or other more protective) post-construction requirements in either Phase I or Phase II permits. Figures 3 and 4, below, show the General Permit enrollees (to Order 99-08-DWQ, as of March 10, 2008) overlaid upon a map with SUSMP (or more protective) areas in blue and purple. Areas without blue or purple indicate where the General Permit's runoff reduction requirements would actually apply. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 201 2-0006-DWQ 38 stormwater Municipal Permit Coverage for California -Phase I MS4 permits -Phasell MS4 permits 0 20 40 Figure 3 -Northern CA (2009) Counties / Cities With SUSMP-Plus Coverage 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 39 -Phase I MS4 permits -Phasell MS4 permits •01::)o- • ~ ~ 0 375 75 150 Miles ~ stormwater Municipal Permit Coverage for California Figure 4 -Southern CA (2009) Counties I Cities With SUSMP-Plus Coverage 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 40 Water Quality: This General Permit requires dischargers to replicate the pre-project runoff water balance (defined as the amount of rainfall that ends up as runoff) for the smallest storms up to the 85th percentile storm event, or the smallest storm event that generates runoff, whichever is larger. Contemporary storm water management generally routes these flows directly to the drainage system, increasing pollutant loads and potentially causing adverse effects on receiving waters. These smaller water quality events happen much more frequently than larger events and generate much higher pollutant loads on an annual basis. There are other adverse hydrological impacts that result from not designing according to the site's pre- construction water balance. In Maryland, Klein20 noted that baseflow decreases as the extent of urbanization increases. Ferguson and Suckling21 noted a similar relation in watersheds in Georgia. On Long Island, Spinello and Simmons22 noted substantial decreases in base flow in intensely urbanized watersheds. The permit emphasizes runoff reduction through on-site storm water reuse, interception, evapo- transpiration and infiltration through non-structural controls and conservation design measures (e.g., downspout disconnection, soil quality preservation/enhancement, interceptor trees). Employing these measures close to the source of runoff generation is the easiest and most cost-effective way to comply with the pre-construction water balance standard. Using low-tech runoff reduction techniques close to the source is consistent with a number of recommendations in the literature.23 In many cases, BMPs implemented close to the source of runoff generation cost less than end-of the pipe measures.24 Dischargers are given the option of using Appendix 2 to calculate the required runoff volume or a watershed process-based, continuous simulation model such as the EPA's Storm Water Management Model (SWMMM) or Hydrologic Simulation Program Fortran (HSPF). Such methods used by the discharger will be reviewed by the Regional Water Board upon NOT application. Channel Protection: In order to address channel protection, a basic understanding of fluvial geomorphic concepts is necessary. A dominant paradigm in fluvial geomorphology holds that streams adjust their channel dimensions (width and depth) in response to long-term changes in sediment supply and bankfull discharge (1.5 to 2 year recurrence interval). The bankfull stage corresponds to the discharge at which channel maintenance is the most effective, that is, the discharge at which the moving sediment, forming or removing bars, forming or changing bends and meanders, and generally doing work that results in the average morphologic characteristics of channels. 25 Lane (1955 as cited in Rosgen 199626 ) showed the generalized relationship between sediment load, sediment size, stream discharge and stream slope in 2° Klein 1979 as cited in Delaware Department of Natural Resources (DDNR). 2004. Green Technology: The Delaware Urban Runoff Management Approach. Dover, DE. 117 pp. 21 Ferguson and Suckling 1990 as cited Delaware Department of Natural Resources (DDNR). 2004. Green Technology: The Delaware Urban Runoff Management Approach. Dover, DE. 117 pp. 22 Center for Watershed Protection (CWP). 2000. The Practice of Watershed Protection: Techniques for protecting our nation's streams, lakes, rivers, and estuaries. Ellicott City, MD. 741 pp. 23 Bay Area Storm Water Management Agencies Association (BASMAA). 1997. Start at the Source: Residential Site Planning and Design Guidance Manual for Storm Water Quality Protection. Palo Alto, CA; Mccuen, R.H. 2003 Smart Growth: hydrologic perspective. Journal of Professional Issues in Engineering Education and Practice. Vol (129), pp.151-154; Moglen, G.E. and S. Kim. 2007. Impervious imperviousness-are threshold based policies a good idea? Journal of the American Planning Association, Vol 73 No. 2. pp 161-171. 24 Delaware Department of natural Resources (DDNR). 2004. Green technology: The Delaware urban Runoff Management Approcah. Dover, DE. 117 pp. 25 Dunne, T and L.B. Leopold. 1978. Water in Environmental Planning. San Francisco W.H. Freeman and Company 26 Rosgen. D.L. 1996. Applied River Morphology. Pagosa Springs. Wildland Hydrology 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 41 Figure 5. A change in any one of these variables sets up a series of mutual adjustments in the companion variables with a resulting direct change in the physical characteristics of the stream channel. < &-dimclll LOAD I x I Scdunent SIZE l C>< 1 Stream SLOPE I x I Stream DISCHARGI,; J Figure 5 -Schematic of the Lane Relationship After Lane (1955) as cited in Rosgen (1996) Stream slope multiplied by stream discharge (the right side of the scale) is essentially an approximation of stream power, a unifying concept in fluvial geomorphology (Bledsoe 1999). Urbanization generally increases stream power and affects the resisting forces in a channel (sediment load and sediment size represented on the left side of the scale). During construction, sediment loads can increase from 2 to 40,000 times over pre-construction levels.27 Most of this sediment is delivered to stream channels during large, episodic rain events.28 This increased sediment load leads to an initial aggradation phase where stream depths may decrease as sediment fills the channel, leading to a decrease in channel capacity and increase in flooding and overbank deposition. A degradation phase initiates after construction is completed. Schumm et. al (1984) developed a channel evolution model that describes the series of adjustments from initial downcutting, to widening, to establishing new floodplains at lower elevations (Figure 6). 27 Goldman S.J., K. Jackson, and T.A. Bursztynsky. 1986. Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook. McGraw Hill. San Francisco. 28 Wolman 1967 as cited in Paul, M.P. and J.L. Meyer. 2001 . Streams in the Urban Landscape. Annu. Rev.Ecol. Syst. 32: 333-365. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 42 I · II III h <he h <he h >h /TEAAACE C ~IF _L ___ ~~- IV V h :1: he h < he Figure 6 -Channel Changes Associated with Urbanization After Incised Channel Evolution Sequence in Schumm et. al 1984 Channel incision (Stage II) and widening (Stages Ill and to a lesser degree, Stage IV) are due to a number of fundamental changes on the landscape. Connected impervious area and compaction of pervious surfaces increase the frequency and volume of bankfull discharges.29 Increased drainage density (miles of stream length per square mile of watershed) also negatively impacts receiving stream channels.30 Increased drainage density and hydraulic efficiency leads to an increase in the frequency and volume of bankfull discharges because the time of concentration is shortened. Flows from engineered pipes and channels are also often "sediment starved" and seek to replenish their sediment supply from the channel. Encroachment of stream channels can also lead to an increase in stream slope, which leads to an increase in stream power. In addition, watershed sediment loads and sediment size (with size generally represented as the median bed and bank particle size, or d50) decrease during urbanization.31 This means 29 Booth, D. B. and C. R. Jackson. 1997. Urbanization of Aquatic Systems: Degradation Thresholds, Storm Water Detection, and the Limits of Mitigation. Journal of the American Water Resources Association Vol. 33, No.5, pp. 1077-1089. 30 May, C.W. 1998. Cumulative effects of urbanization on small streams in the Puget Sound Lowland ecoregion. Conference proceedings from Puget Sound Research '98 held March 12, 13 1998 in Seattle, WA; Santa Clara Valley Urban Runoff Pollution Prevention Program. 2002. Hydromodification Management Plan Literature Review. 80 pp. 31 Finkenbine, J.K., D.S. Atwater, and D.S. Mavinic. 2000. Stream health after urbanization. J. Am. Water Resour. Assoc. 36:1149-60; 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 43 that even if pre-and post-development stream power are the same, more erosion will occur in the post- development stage because the smaller particles are less resistant (provided they are non-cohesive). As shown in Stages II and Ill, the channel deepens and widens to accommodate the increased stream power 32and decrease in sediment load and sediment size. Channels may actually narrow as entrained sediment from incision is deposited laterally in the channel. After incised channels begin to migrate laterally (Stage Ill), bank erosion begins, which leads to general channel widening.33 At this point, a majority of the sediment that leaves a drainage area comes from within the channel, as opposed to the background and construction related hillslope contribution. Stage IV is characterized by more aggradation and localized bank instability. Stage V represents a new quasi-equilibrium channel morphology in balance with the new flow and sediment supply regime. In other words, stream power is in balance with sediment load and sediment size. The magnitude of the channel morphology changes discussed above varies along a stream network as well as with the age of development, slope, geology (sand-bedded channels may cycle through the evolution sequence in a matter of decades whereas clay-dominated channels may take much longer), watershed sediment load and size, type of urbanization, and land use history. It is also dependent on a channel's stage in the channel evolution sequence when urbanization occurs. Management strategies Pizzuto, J.E. W.S. Hession, and M. McBride. 2000. Comparing gravel-bed rivers in paired urban and rural catchments of southeastern Pennsylvania. Geology 28:79-82. 32 Hammer 1973 as cited in Delaware Department of Natural Resources (DDNR). 2004. Green Technology: The Delaware Urban Runoff Management Approach. Dover, DE. 117 pp; Booth, 0.8. 1990. Stream Channel Incision Following Drainage Basin Urbanization. Water Resour. Bull. 26:407- 417. 33 Trimble, S.W. 1997. Contribution of Stream Channel Erosion to Sediment Yield from an Urbanizing Watershed. Science: Vol. 278 (21), pp. 1442-1444. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 44 must take into account a channel's stage of adjustment and account for future changes in the evolution of channel form (Stein and Zaleski 2005). 34 Traditional structural water quality BMPs (e.g. detention basins and other devices used to store volumes of runoff) unless they are highly engineered to provide adequate flow duration control, do not adequately protect receiving waters from accelerated channel bed and bank erosion, do not address post- development increases in runoff volume, and do not mitigate the decline in benthic macroinvertebrate communities in the receiving waters35 suggest that structural BMPs are not as effective in protecting aquatic communities as a continuous riparian buffer of native vegetation. This is supported by the findings of Zucker and White36, where instream biological metrics were correlated with the extent of forested buffers. This General Permit requires dischargers to maintain pre-development drainage densities and times of concentration in order to protect channels and encourages dischargers to implement setbacks to reduce channel slope and velocity changes that can lead to aquatic habitat degradation. There are a number of other approaches for modeling fluvial systems, including statistical and physical models and simpler stream power models.37 The use of these models in California is described in Stein and Zaleski (2005).38 Rather than prescribe a specific one-size-fits-all modeling method in this permit, the State Water Board intends to develop a stream power and channel evolution model-based framework to assess channels and develop a hierarchy of suitable analysis methods and management strategies. In time, this framework may become a State Water Board water quality control policy. Permit Linkage to Overbank and Extreme Flood Protection Site design BMPs (e.g. rooftop and impervious disconnection, vegetated swales, setbacks and buffers) filter and settle out pollutants and provide for more infiltration than is possible for traditional centralized structural BMPs placed at the lowest point in a site. They provide source control for runoff and lead to a reduction in pollutant loads. When implemented, they also help reduce the magnitude and volume of larger, less frequent storm events (e.g., 10-yr, 24-hour storm and larger), thereby reducing the need for expensive flood control infrastructure. Nonstructural BMPs can also be a landscape amenity, instead of a large isolated structure requiring substantial area for ancillary access, buffering, screening and maintenance facilities. 25 The multiple benefits of using non-structural benefits will be critically important as the state's population increases and imposes strains upon our existing water resources. Maintaining predevelopment drainage densities and times of concentration will help reduce post- development peak flows and volumes in areas not covered under a municipal permit. The most effective way to preserve drainage areas and maximize time of concentration is to implement landform grading, 34 Stein, E.S. and S. Zaleski. 2005.Managing runoff to protect natural stream: the latest developments on investigation and management of hydromodification in California. Southern California Coastal Water Research Project Technical Report 475. 26 pp. 35 Horner, R.R. 2006. Investigation of the Feasibility and Benefits of Low-Impact Site Design Practices (LID) for the San Diego Region. Available at: http://www.projectcleanwater.org/pdf/permit/case-study lid.pdf. 36 Delaware Department of Natural Resources (DDNR). 2004. Green Technology: The Delaware Urban Runoff Management Approach. Dover, DE. 117 pp. 37 Finlayson, D.P. and D.R. Montgomery. 2003. Modeling large-scale fluvial erosion in geographic information s/'stems. Geomorphology (53), pp. 147-164). 3 Stein, E.S. and S. Zaleski. 2005.Managing runoff to protect natural stream: the latest developments on investigation and management of hydromodification in California. Southern California Coastal Water Research Project Technical Report 475. 26 pp. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 45 incorporate site design BMPs and implement distributed structural BMPs (e.g., bioretention cells, rain gardens, rain cisterns). M. Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plans USEPA's Construction General Permit requires that qualified personnel conduct inspections. USEPA defines qualified personnel as "a person knowledgeable in the principles and practice of erosion and sediment controls who possesses the skills to assess conditions at the construction site that could impact storm water quality and to assess the effectiveness of any sediment and erosion control measures selected to control the quality of storm water discharges from the construction activity."39 USEPA also suggests that qualified personnel prepare SWPPPs and points to numerous states that require certified professionals to be on construction sites at all times. States that currently have certification programs are Washington, Georgia, Florida, Delaware, Maryland, and New Jersey. The Permit 99-08-DWQ did not require that qualified personnel prepare SWPPPs or conduct inspections. However, to ensure that water quality is being protected, this General Permit requires that all SWPPPs be written, amended, and certified by a Qualified SWPPP Developer. A Qualified SWPPP Developer must possess one of the eight certifications and or registrations specified in this General Permit and effective two years after the adoption date of this General Permit, must have attended a State Water Board-sponsored or approved Qualified SWPPP Developer training course. Table 9 provides an overview of the criteria used in determining qualified certification titles for a QSD and QSP. 39 US Environmental Protection Agency. Stormwater Pollution Prevention Plans for Construction Activities. <http://cfpub.epa.gov/npdes/stormwater/swppp.cfm> and <http://www.epa.gov/npdes/pubs/sw_swppp_guide.pdf>. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 46 Ta /Q lfi S ua i 1ed ble 9 -Qualified SWPPP Developer WPPP Practitioner Certification/ Title Reaistered By QSD/QSP Professional Civil California Engineer Both Professional Geologist or California Engineering Geologist Both Landscape California Architect Both Professional American Institute of Hydrologist Hydrology Both Certified Professional in Erosion and Enviro Cert International Sediment Inc. Control™ (CPESC) Both Certified Inspector Certified Inspector of of Sediment and Erosion Control™ Sediment and Erosion (CISEC) Control, Inc. QSP Certified Erosion, Sediment and Enviro Cert International Storm Water Inc. Inspector™ (CESSWI) QSP Certified Professional in Enviro Cert International Storm Water Inc. Quality™ (CPSWQ) Both 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 47 C 'fi ertI Icat1on c · ntena Certification Criteria 1. Approval Process 2. Code of Ethics 3. Accountability 4. Pre-requisites 1. Approval Process 2. Code of Ethics 3. Accountability 4. Pre-requisites 1. Approval Process 2. Code of Ethics 3. Accountability 4. Pre-requisites 1. Approval Process 2. Code of Ethics 3. Accountability 4. Pre-requisites 1. Approval Process 2. Code of Ethics 3. Accountability 4. Pre-requisites 5. Continuing Education 1. Approval Process 2. Code of Ethics 3. Accountability 4. Pre-requisites 5. Continuing Education 1 . Approval Process 2. Code of Ethics 3. Accountability 4. Pre-requisites 5. Continuing Education 1. Approval Process 2. Code of Ethics 3. Accountability 4. Pre-requisites 5. Continuinq Education The previous versions of the General Permit required development and implementation of a SWPPP as the primary compliance mechanism. The SWPPP has two major objectives: (1) to help identify the sources of sediment and other pollutants that affect the quality of storm water discharges; and (2) to describe and ensure the implementation of BMPs to reduce or eliminate sediment and other pollutants in storm water and non-storm water discharges. The SWPPP must include BMPs that address source control, BMPs that address pollutant control, and BMPs that address treatment control. This General Permit shifts some of the measures that were covered by this general requirement to specific permit requirements, each individually enforceable as a permit term. This General Permit emphasizes the use of appropriately selected, correctly installed and maintained pollution reduction BMPs. This approach provides the flexibility necessary to establish BMPs that can effectively address source control of pollutants during changing construction activities. These specific requirements also improve both the clarity and the enforceability of the General Permit so that the dischargers understand, and the public can determine whether the discharges are in compliance with, permit requirements. The SWPPP must be implemented at the appropriate level to protect water quality at all times throughout the life of the project. The SWPPP must remain on the site during construction activities, commencing with the initial mobilization and ending with the termination of coverage under the General Permit. For LUPs the discharger shall make the SWPPP available at the construction site during working hours while construction is occurring and shall be made available upon request by a State or Municipal inspector. When the original SWPPP is retained by a crewmember in a construction vehicle and is not currently at the construction site, current copies of the BMPs and map/drawing will be left with the field crew and the original SWPPP shall be made available via a request by radio or telephone. Once construction activities are complete, until stabilization is achieved, the SWPPP shall be available from the SWPPP contact listed in the PRDs A SWPPP must be appropriate for the type and complexity of a project and will be developed and implemented to address project specific conditions. Some projects may have similarities or complexities, yet each project is unique in its progressive state that requires specific description and selection of BMPs needed to address all possible generated pollutants N. Regional Water Board Authorities Because this General Permit will be issued to thousands of construction sites across the State, the Regional Water Boards retain discretionary authority over certain issues that may arise from the discharges in their respective regions. This General Permit does not grant the Regional Water Boards any authority they do not otherwise have; rather, it merely emphasizes that the Regional Water Boards can take specific actions related to this General Permit. For example, the Regional Water Boards will be enforcing this General Permit and may need to adjust some requirements for a discharger based on the discharger's compliance history. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 48 .. .. -.. -... ---- -... -- ... -.. - -... .. ... ---.. --- e Linda S. Adams Secretary for Environmental Protection State Water Resources Control Board Division of Water Quality 1001 I Street• Sacramento, California 95814 • (916) 341-5455 Mailing Address: P.O. Box 100 • Sacramento, California• 95812-0100 Fax (916) 341-5463 • http://www.waterboards.ca.gov NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM (NPDES) GENERAL PERMIT FOR STORM WATER DISCHARGES ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTRUCTION AND LAND DISTURBANCE ACTIVITIES ORDER NO. 2009-0009-DWQ NPDES NO. CAS000002 Arnold Schwarzenegger Governor This Order was adopted by the State Water Resources Control September 2, 2009 Board on: This Order shall become effective on: July 1, 2010 This Order shall expire on: September 2, 2014 IT IS HEREBY ORDERED, that this Order supersedes Order No. 99-08-DWQ [as amended by Order No. 2010-0014-DWQ] except for enforcement purposes . The Discharger shall comply with the requirements in this Order to meet the provisions contained in Division 7 of the California Water Code (commencing with section 13000) and regulations adopted thereunder, and the provisions of the federal Clean Water Act and regulations and guidelines adopted thereunder. I, Jeanine Townsend, Clerk to the Board, do hereby certify that this Order with all attachments is a full, true, and correct copy of an Order adopted by the State Water Resources Control Board, on September 2, 2009 . AYE: Vice Chair Frances Spivy-Weber Board Member Arthur G. Baggett, Jr . Board Member Tam M. Doduc NAY: Chairman Charles R. Hoppin ABSENT: None ABSTAIN: None JeaniTownsend Clerk to the Board 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ e Linda S. Adams Secretary for Environmental Protection State Water Resources Control Board Division of Water Quality 1001 I Street• Sacramento, California 95814 • (916) 341-5455 Mailing Address: P.O. Box 100 • Sacramento, California• 95812-0100 Fax (916) 341-5463 • http://www.waterboards.ca.gov NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM (NPDES) GENERAL PERMIT FOR STORM WATER DISCHARGES ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTRUCTION AND LAND DISTURBANCE ACTIVITIES ORDER NO. 2010-0014-DWQ NPDES NO. CAS000002 Arnold Schwarzenegger Governor Order No. 2009-0009-DWQ was adopted by the State Water September 2, 2009 Resources Control Board on: Order No. 2009-0009-DWQ became effective on: July 1, 2010 Order No. 2009-0009-DWQ shall expire on: September 2, 2014 This Order, which amends Order No. 2009-0009-DWQ, was November 16, 201 O adopted by the State Water Resources Control Board on: This Order shall become effective on: February 14, 2011 IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that this Order amends Order No. 2009-0009-DWQ. Additions to Order No. 2009-0009-DWQ are reflected in blue-underline text and deletions are reflected in red-strikeout text. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that staff are directed to prepare and post a conformed copy of Order No. 2009-0009-DWQ incorporating the revisions made by this Order. I, Jeanine Townsend, Clerk to the Board, do hereby certify that this Order with all attachments is a full, true, and correct copy of an Order adopted by the State Water Resources Control Board, on November 16, 2010. AYE: Chairman Charles R. Hoppin Vice Chair Frances Spivy-Weber Board Member Arthur G. Baggett, Jr. Board Member Tam M. Doduc NAY: None ABSENT: None ABSTAIN: None Jeani~~ _j!:,',orua,-,cL Clerk to the Board , -➔ Eo"'4UNO G. BROWN JR. OOVEFINOf'I CALl,OtlNI& N.-~ MATTHEW RODRIQUEZ l._ ""-.. 'WJ sec Rn Anv ron Water Boards ~ fNVIRONMFHTAl PR0TE(:fW:,... State Water Resources Control Board NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM (NPDES) GENERAL PERMIT FOR STORM WATER DISCHARGES ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTRUCTION AND LAND DISTURBANCE ACTIVITIES ORDER NO. 2012-0006-DWQ NPDES NO. CAS000002 Order No. 2009-0009-DWQ was adopted by the State Water Resources September 2, 2009 Control Board on: Order No. 2009-0009-DWQ became effective on: July 1, 2010 Order No. 2010-0014-DWQ became effective on: February 14, 2011 Order No. 2009-0009-DWQ as amended by 2010-0014-DWQ shall September 2, 2014 expire on: This Order, which amends Order No. 2009-0009-DWQ as amended by 2010-0014-DWQ, was adopted by the State Water Resources Control July 17, 2012 Board on: This Order No. 2012-0006-DWQ shall become effective on: July 17, 2012 IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that this Order amends Order No. 2009-0009-DWQ. Additions to Order No. 2009-0009-DWQ are reflected in blue-underline text and deletions are reflected in red-strikeout text. IT IS FURTHER ORDERED that staff are directed to prepare and post a conformed copy of Order No. 2009-000-DWQ incorporating the revisions made by this Order. I, Jeanine Townsend, Clerk to the Board, do hereby certify that this Order with all attachments is a full, true, and correct copy of an Order adopted by the State Water Resources Control Board, on July 17, 2012. AYE: NAY: ABSENT: ABSTAIN: Chairman Charles R. Hoppin Vice Chair Frances Spivy-Weber Board Member Tam M. Doduc Board Member Steven Moore Board Member Felicia Marcus None None None Jeani~~ j9!,urua,d'._ Clerk to the Board .. .. .. .. ... .. - .... .. .. ... .. ... -... ... -.. - ... TABLE OF CONTENTS I. II . FINDINGS ...................................................................................................................................... I CONDITIONS FOR PERMIT COVERAGE ............................................................................ 14 III. DISCHARGE PROHIBITIONS ................................................................................................. 20 IV. SPECIAL PROVISIONS ............................................................................................................. 22 V. EFFLUENT STANDARDS & RECEIVING WATER MONITORING ................................. 28 VI. RECEIVING WATER LIMITATIONS .................................................................................... 31 Vil. TRAINING QUALIFICATIONS AND CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS ................... 32 VIII. RISK DETERMINATION .......................................................................................................... 33 IX. RISK LEVEL 1 REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................... 34 X. RISK LEVEL 2 REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................... 34 XI. RISK LEVEL 3 REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................... 34 XII. ACTIVE TREATMENT SYSTEMS (ATS) ............................................................................... 34 XIII. POST-CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS .................................................................................. 35 XIV. SWPPP REQUIREMENTS ........................................................................................................ 37 XV. REGIONAL WATER BOARD AUTHORITIES ...................................................................... 38 XVI. ANNUAL REPORTING REQUIREMENTS ............................................................................ 39 LIST OF ATTACHMENTS Attachment A -Linear Underground/Overhead Requirements Attachment A.1 -LUP Type Determination Attachment A.2 -LUP Permit Registration Documents Attachment B -Permit Registration Documents Attachment C -Risk Level 1 Requirements Attachment D -Risk Level 2 Requirements Attachment E -Risk Level 3 Requirements Attachment F -Active Treatment System {ATS) Requirements LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix 1 -Risk Determination Worksheet Appendix 2 -Post-Construction Water Balance Performance Standard Appendix 2.1 -Post-Construction Water Balance Performance Standard Spreadsheet Appendix 3 -Bioassessment Monitoring Guidelines Appendix 4 -Adopted/Implemented Sediment TMDLs Appendix 5 -Glossary Appendix 6 -Acronyms Appendix 7 -State and Regional Water Resources Control Board Contacts 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ STATE WATER RESOURCES CONTROL BOARD ORDER NO. 2009-0009-DWQ [AS AMENDED BY ORDER NO. 2010-0014-DWQ] NATIONAL POLLUTANT DISCHARGE ELIMINATION SYSTEM GENERAL PERMIT NO. CAS000002 WASTE DISCHARGE REQUIREMENTS FOR DISCHARGES OF STORM WATER RUNOFF ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTRUCTION AND LAND DISTURBANCE ACTIVITIES I. FINDINGS A. General Findings Order The State Water Resources Control Board (State Water Board) finds that: 1. The federal Clean Water Act (CWA) prohibits certain discharges of storm water containing pollutants except in compliance with a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit (Title 33 United States Code (U.S.C.) §§ 1311 and 1342(p); also referred to as Clean Water Act (CWA) §§ 301 and 402(p)). The U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (U.S. EPA) promulgates federal regulations to implement the CWA's mandate to control pollutants in storm water runoff discharges. (Title 40 Code of Federal Regulations (C.F.R.) Parts 122, 123, and 124). The federal statutes and regulations require discharges to surface waters comprised of storm water associated with construction activity, including demolition, clearing, grading, and excavation, and other land disturbance activities (except operations that result in disturbance of less than one acre of total land area and which are not part of a larger common plan of development or sale), to obtain coverage under an NPDES permit. The NPDES permit must require implementation of Best Available Technology Economically Achievable (BAT) and Best Conventional Pollutant Control Technology (BCT) to reduce or eliminate pollutants in storm water runoff. The NPDES permit must also include additional requirements necessary to implement applicable water quality standards. 2. This General Permit authorizes discharges of storm water associated with construction activity so long as the dischargers comply with all requirements, provisions, limitations and prohibitions in the permit. In addition, this General Permit regulates the discharges of storm water associated with construction activities from all Linear 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 1 -• -• -• -• -• -• -------• - • ---- ------ -- Order Underground/Overhead Projects resulting in the disturbance of greater than or equal to one acre (Attachment A). 3. This General Permit regulates discharges of pollutants in storm water associated with construction activity (storm water discharges) to waters of the United States from construction sites that disturb one or more acres of land surface, or that are part of a common plan of development or sale that disturbs more than one acre of land surface. 4. This General Permit does not preempt or supersede the authority of local storm water management agencies to prohibit, restrict, or control storm water discharges to municipal separate storm sewer systems or other watercourses within their jurisdictions. 5. This action to adopt a general NPDES permit is exempt from the provisions of Chapter 3 of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) (Public Resources Code Section 21100, et seq.), pursuant to Section 13389 of the California Water Code. 6. Pursuant to 40 C.F.R. § 131.12 and State Water Board Resolution No. 68-16, 1 which incorporates the requirements of§ 131 .12 where applicable, the State Water Board finds that discharges in compliance with this General Permit will not result in the lowering of water quality standards, and are therefore consistent with those provisions. Compliance with this General Permit will result in improvements in water quality. 7. This General Permit serves as an NPDES permit in compliance with CWA § 402 and will take effect on July 1, 201 O by the State Water Board provided the Regional Administrator of the U.S. EPA has no objection. If the U.S. EPA Regional Administrator objects to its issuance, the General Permit will not become effective until such objection is withdrawn. 8. Following adoption and upon the effective date of this General Permit, the Regional Water Quality Control Boards (Regional Water Boards) shall enforce the provisions herein. 9. Regional Water Boards establish water quality standards in Basin Plans. The State Water Board establishes water quality standards in various statewide plans, including the California Ocean Plan. U.S. EPA establishes water quality standards in the National Toxic Rule (NTR} and the California Toxic Rule (CTR}. 1 Resolution No. 68-16 generally requires that existing water quality be maintained unless degradation is justified based on specific findings. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 201 2-0006-DWQ 2 Order 10. This General Permit does not authorize discharges of fill or dredged material regulated by the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers under CWA § 404 and does not constitute a waiver of water quality certification under CWA§401. 11. The primary storm water pollutant at construction sites is excess sediment. Excess sediment can cloud the water, which reduces the amount of sunlight reaching aquatic plants, clog fish gills, smother aquatic habitat and spawning areas, and impede navigation in our waterways. Sediment also transports other pollutants such as nutrients, metals, and oils and greases. 12. Construction activities can impact a construction site's runoff sediment supply and transport characteristics. These modifications, which can occur both during and after the construction phase, are a significant cause of degradation of the beneficial uses established for water bodies in California. Dischargers can avoid these effects through better construction site design and activity practices. 13. This General Permit recognizes four distinct phases of construction activities. The phases are Grading and Land Development Phase, Streets and Utilities Phase, Vertical Construction Phase, and Final Landscaping and Site Stabilization Phase. Each phase has activities that can result in different water quality effects from different water quality pollutants. This General Permit also recognizes inactive construction as a category of construction site type. 14. Compliance with any specific limits or requirements contained in this General Permit does not constitute compliance with any other applicable requirements. 15. Following public notice in accordance with State and Federal laws and regulations, the State Water Board heard and considered all comments and testimony in a public hearing on 06/03/2009. The State Water Board has prepared written responses to all significant comments. 16. Construction activities obtaining coverage under the General Permit may have multiple discharges subject to requirements that are specific to general, linear, and/or active treatment system discharge types. 17. The State Water Board may reopen the permit if the U.S. EPA adopts a final effluent limitation guideline for construction activities. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 3 --------- --- ---- --• -• ------------- .. .. -.. ... .. ... ---... -- ---... - -... ... .. -.. - - Order B. Activities Covered Under the General Permit 18.Any construction or demolition activity, including, but not limited to, clearing, grading, grubbing, or excavation, or any other activity that results in a land disturbance of equal to or greater than one acre . 19. Construction activity that results in land surface disturbances of less than one acre if the construction activity is part of a larger common plan of development or the sale of one or more acres of disturbed land surface. 20. Construction activity related to residential, commercial, or industrial development on lands currently used for agriculture including, but not limited to, the construction of buildings related to agriculture that are considered industrial pursuant to U.S. EPA regulations, such as dairy barns or food processing facilities. 21. Construction activity associated with Linear Underground/Overhead Utility Projects (LUPs) including, but not limited to, those activities necessary for the installation of underground and overhead linear facilities (e.g., conduits, substructures, pipelines, towers, poles, cables, wires, connectors, switching, regulating and transforming equipment and associated ancillary facilities) and include, but are not limited to, underground utility mark-out, potholing, concrete and asphalt cutting and removal, trenching, excavation, boring and drilling, access road and pole/tower pad and cable/wire pull station, substation construction, substructure installation, construction of tower footings and/or foundations, pole and tower installations, pipeline installations, welding, concrete and/or pavement repair or replacement, and stockpile/borrow locations. 22. Discharges of sediment from construction activities associated with oil and gas exploration, production, processing, or treatment operations or transmission facilities.2 23. Storm water discharges from dredge spoil placement that occur outside of U.S. Army Corps of Engineers jurisdiction (upland sites) and that disturb one or more acres of land surface from construction activity are covered by this General Permit. Construction sites that intend to disturb one or more acres of land within the jurisdictional boundaries of 2 Pursuant to the Ninth Circuit Court of Appeals' decision in NRDC v. EPA (9th Cir. 2008) 526 F.3d 591, and subsequent denial of the U.S. EPA's petition for reconsideration in November 2008, oil and gas construction activities discharging storm water contaminated only with sediment are no longer exempt from the NPDES program. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ -4 - Order a CWA § 404 permit should contact the appropriate Regional Water Board to determine whether this permit applies to the site. C. Activities Not Covered Under the General Permit 24. Routine maintenance to maintain original line and grade, hydraulic capacity, or original purpose of the facility. 25. Disturbances to land surfaces solely related to agricultural operations such as disking, harrowing, terracing and leveling, and soil preparation. 26. Discharges of storm water from areas on tribal lands; construction on tribal lands is regulated by a federal permit. 27. Construction activity and land disturbance involving discharges of storm water within the Lake Tahoe Hydrologic Unit. The Lahontan Regional Water Board has adopted its own permit to regulate storm water discharges from construction activity in the Lake Tahoe Hydrologic Unit (Regional Water Board 6SL T). Owners of construction sites in this watershed must apply for the Lahontan Regional Water Board permit rather than the statewide Construction General Permit. 28. Construction activity that disturbs less than one acre of land surface, and that is not part of a larger common plan of development or the sale of one or more acres of disturbed land surface. 29. Construction activity covered by an individual NPDES Permit for storm water discharges. 30. Discharges from small (1 to 5 acre) construction activities with an approved Rainfall Erosivity Waiver authorized by U.S. EPA Phase II regulations certifying to the State Board that small construction activity will occur only when the Rainfall Erosivity Factor is less than 5 ("R" in the Revised Universal Soil Loss Equation). 31. Landfill construction activity that is subject to the Industrial General Permit. 32. Construction activity that discharges to Combined Sewer Systems. 33. Conveyances that discharge storm water runoff combined with municipal sewage. 34. Discharges of storm water identified in CWA § 402(/)(2), 33 U.S.C. § 1342(/)(2). 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 5 -• ---• --------------- ------- -------- Order 35. Discharges occurring in basins that are not tributary or hydrologically connected to waters of the United States (for more information contact your Regional Water Board). D. Obtaining and Modifying General Permit Coverage 36. This General Permit requires all dischargers to electronically file all Permit Registration Documents (PRDs), Notices of Termination (NOT), changes of information, annual reporting, and other compliance documents required by this General Permit through the State Water Board's Storm water Multi-Application and Report Tracking System (SMARTS) website. 37.Any information provided to the Regional Water Board shall comply with the Homeland Security Act and any other federal law that concerns security in the United States; any information that does not comply should not be submitted. 38. This General Permit grants an exception from the Risk Determination requirements for existing sites covered under Water Quality Orders No. 99-08-DWQ, and No. 2003-0007-DWQ. For certain sites, adding additional requirements may not be cost effective. Construction sites covered under Water Quality Order No. 99-08-DWQ shall obtain permit coverage at the Risk Level 1. LUPs covered under Water Quality Order No. 2003-0007-DWQ shall obtain permit coverage as a Type 1 LUP. The Regional Water Boards have the authority to require Risk Determination to be performed on sites currently covered under Water Quality Orders No. 99-08-DWQ and No. 2003-0007-DWQ where they deem it necessary. The State Water Board finds that there are two circumstances when it may be appropriate for the Regional Water Boards to require a discharger that had filed an NOi under State Water Board Order No. 99-08-DWQ to recalculate the site's risk level. These circumstances are: (1) when the discharger has a demonstrated history of noncompliance with State Water Board Order No. 99-08- DWQ or; (2) when the discharger's site poses a significant risk of causing or contributing to an exceedance of a water quality standard without the implementation of the additional Risk Level 2 or 3 requirements. E. Prohibitions 39.AII discharges are prohibited except for the storm water and non-storm water discharges specifically authorized by this General Permit or another NPDES permit. Non-storm water discharges include a wide variety of sources, including improper dumping, spills, or leakage from storage tanks or transfer areas. Non-storm water discharges may 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 6 Order contribute significant pollutant loads to receiving waters. Measures to control spills, leakage, and dumping, and to prevent illicit connections during construction must be addressed through structural as well as non-structural Best Management Practices (BMPs)3. The State Water Board recognizes, however, that certain non-storm water discharges may be necessary for the completion of construction. 40. This General Permit prohibits all discharges which contain a hazardous substance in excess of reportable quantities established in 40 C.F.R. §§ 117.3 and 302.4, unless a separate NPDES Permit has been issued to regulate those discharges. 41. This General Permit incorporates discharge prohibitions contained in water quality control plans, as implemented by the State Water Board and the nine Regional Water Boards. 42. Pursuant to the Ocean Plan, discharges to Areas of Special Biological Significance (ASBS) are prohibited unless covered by an exception that the State Water Board has approved. 43. This General Permit prohibits the discharge of any debris4 from construction sites. Plastic and other trash materials can cause negative impacts to receiving water beneficial uses. The State Water Board encourages the use of more environmentally safe, biodegradable materials on construction sites to minimize the potential risk to water quality. F. Training 44. In order to improve compliance with and to maintain consistent enforcement of this General Permit, all dischargers are required to appoint two positions -the Qualified SWPPP Developer (QSD) and the Qualified SWPPP Practitioner (QSP) -who must obtain appropriate training. Together with the key stakeholders, the State and Regional Water Boards are leading the development of this curriculum through a collaborative organization called The Construction General Permit (CGP) Training Team. 45. The Professional Engineers Act (Bus. & Prof. Code section 6700, et seq.) requires that all engineering work must be performed by a California licensed engineer. 3 BMPs are scheduling of activities, prohibitions of practices, maintenance procedures, and other management practices to prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to waters of the United States. BMPs also include treatment requirements, operating procedures, and practice to control site runoff, spillage or leaks, sludge or waste disposal, or drainage from raw material storage. 4 Litter, rubble, discarded refuse, and remains of destroyed inorganic anthropogenic waste. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 7 ------------ --- -- - - -------------- .. ... ... - -... ... ---... -.. --.. -- .. -.. - --- Order G. Determining and Reducing Risk 46. The risk of accelerated erosion and sedimentation from wind and water depends on a number of factors, including proximity to receiving water bodies, climate, topography, and soil type. 47. This General Permit requires dischargers to assess the risk level of a site based on both sediment transport and receiving water risk. This General Permit contains requirements for Risk Levels 1, 2 and 3, and LUP Risk Type 1, 2, and 3 (Attachment A). Risk levels are established by determining two factors: first, calculating the site's sediment risk; and second, receiving water risk during periods of soil exposure (i.e. grading and site stabilization). Both factors are used to determine the site-specific Risk Level(s). LUPs can be determined to be Type 1 based on the flowchart in Attachment A.1. 48. Although this General Permit does not mandate specific setback distances, dischargers are encouraged to set back their construction activities from streams and wetlands whenever feasible to reduce the risk of impacting water quality (e.g., natural stream stability and habitat function). Because there is a reduced risk to receiving waters when setbacks are used, this General Permit gives credit to setbacks in the risk determination and post-construction storm water performance standards. The risk calculation and runoff reduction mechanisms in this General Permit are expected to facilitate compliance with any Regional Water Board and local agency setback requirements, and to encourage voluntary setbacks wherever practicable. 49. Rain events can occur at any time of the year in California. Therefore, a Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) is necessary for Risk Level 2 and 3 traditional construction projects (LUPs exempt) to ensure that active construction sites have adequate erosion and sediment controls implemented prior to the onset of a storm event, even if construction is planned only during the dry season. 50. Soil particles smaller than 0.02 millimeters (mm) (i.e., finer than medium silt) do not settle easily using conventional measures for sediment control (i.e., sediment basins). Given their long settling time, dislodging these soils results in a significant risk that fine particles will be released into surface waters and cause unacceptable downstream impacts. If operated correctly, an Active Treatment System (ATS5) can prevent or reduce the release of fine particles from construction sites. 5 An ATS is a treatment system that employs chemical coagulation, chemical flocculation, or electro coagulation in order to reduce turbidity caused by fine suspended sediment. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 41 8 -... Use of an ATS can effectively reduce a site's risk of impacting receiving waters. Order 51. Dischargers located in a watershed area where a Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) has been adopted or approved by the Regional Water Board or U.S. EPA may be required by a separate Regional Water Board action to implement additional BMPs, conduct additional monitoring activities, and/or comply with an applicable waste load allocation and implementation schedule. Such dischargers may also be required to obtain an individual Regional Water Board permit specific to the area. H. Effluent Standards 52. The State Water Board convened a blue ribbon panel of storm water experts that submitted a report entitled, "The Feasibility of Numeric Effluent Limits Applicable to Discharges of Storm Water Associated with Municipal, Industrial and Construction Activities," dated June 19, 2006. The panel concluded that numeric limits or action levels are technically feasible to control construction storm water discharges, provided that certain conditions are considered. The panel also concluded that numeric effluent limitations (NELs) are feasible for discharges from construction sites that utilize an ATS. The State Water Board has incorporated the expert panel's suggestions into this General Permit, which includes numeric action levels (NALs) for pH and turbidity, and special numeric limits for ATS discharges. Determining Compliance with Numeric Limitations 53. This General Permit sets a pH NAL of 6.5 to 8.5, and a turbidity NAL of 250 NTU. The purpose of the NAL and its associated monitoring requirement is to provide operational information regarding the performance of the measures used at the site to minimize the discharge of pollutants and to protect beneficial uses and receiving waters from the adverse effects of construction-related storm water discharges. An exceedance of a NAL does not constitute a violation of this General Permit. 54. This General Permit requires dischargers with NAL exceedances to immediately implement additional BMPs and revise their Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plans (SWPPPs) accordingly to either prevent pollutants and authorized non-storm water discharges from contaminating storm water, or to substantially reduce the pollutants to levels consistently below the NALs. NAL exceedances are reported in the State Water Boards SMARTS system, and the discharger is 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 9 -- - --- ---- ------------------------ ... --... - ... -... -... -.. - -... - -- --.. -... -... - Order required to provide an NAL Exceedance Report when requested by a Regional Water Board. I. Receiving Water Limitations 55. This General Permit requires all enrolled dischargers to determine the receiving waters potentially affected by their discharges and to comply with all applicable water quality standards, including any more stringent standards applicable to a water body . J. Sampling, Monitoring, Reporting and Record Keeping 56. Visual monitoring of storm water and non-storm water discharges is required for all sites subject to this General Permit. 57. Records of all visual monitoring inspections are required to remain on- site during the construction period and for a minimum of three years . 58. For all Risk Level 3/LUP Type 3 and Risk Level 2/LUP Type 2 sites, this General Permit requires effluent monitoring for pH and turbidity. Sampling, analysis and monitoring requirements for effluent monitoring for pH and turbidity are contained in this General Permit. 59. Risk Level 3 and LUP Type 3 sites with effluent that exceeds the Receiving Water Monitoring Triggers contained in this General Permit and with direct discharges to receiving water are required to conduct receiving water monitoring. An exceedance of a Receiving Water Monitoring Trigger does not constitute a violation of this General Permit. 60. This General Permit establishes a 5 year, 24 hour (expressed in inches of rainfall) as an exemptions to the receiving water monitoring requirements for Risk Level 3 and LUP Type 3 dischargers. 61. If run-on is caused by a forest fire or any other natural disaster, then receiving water monitoring triggers do not apply. 62. For Risk Level 3 and LUP Type 3 sites larger than 30 acres and with direct discharges to receiving waters, this General Permit requires bioassessment sampling before and after site completion to determine if significant degradation to the receiving water's biota has occurred. Bioassessment sampling guidelines are contained in this General Permit. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ • 10 -- Order 63.A summary and evaluation of the sampling and analysis results will be submitted in the Annual Reports. 64. This General Permit contains sampling, analysis and monitoring requirements for non-visible pollutants at all sites subject to this General Permit. 65. Compliance with the General Permit relies upon dischargers to electronically self-report any discharge violations and to comply with any Regional Water Board enforcement actions. 66. This General Permit requires that all dischargers maintain a paper or electronic copy of all required records for three years from the date generated or date submitted, whichever is last. These records must be available at the construction site until construction is completed. For LUPs, these documents may be retained in a crew member's vehicle and made available upon request. K. Active Treatment System (ATS) Requirements 67.Active treatment systems add chemicals to facilitate flocculation, coagulation and filtration of suspended sediment particles. The uncontrolled release of these chemicals to the environment can negatively affect the beneficial uses of receiving waters and/or degrade water quality (e.g., acute and chronic toxicity). Additionally, the batch storage and treatment of storm water through an ATS' can potentially cause physical impacts on receiving waters if storage volume is inadequate or due to sudden releases of the ATS batches and improperly designed outfalls. 68. If designed, operated and maintained properly an ATS can achieve very high removal rates of suspended sediment (measured as turbidity), albeit at sometimes significantly higher costs than traditional erosion/sediment control practices. As a result, this General Permit establishes NELs consistent with the expected level of typical ATS performance. 69. This General Permit requires discharges of storm water associated with construction activity that undergo active treatment to comply with special operational and effluent limitations to ensure that these discharges do not adversely affect the beneficial uses of the receiving waters or cause degradation of their water quality. 70. For ATS discharges, this General Permit establishes technology-based NELs for turbidity. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 11 -• ---• --- --- ---• -------------------- Order 71 . This General Permit establishes a 10 year, 24 hour (expressed in inches of rainfall) Compliance Storm Event exemption from the technology-based numeric effluent limitations for ATS discharges. Exceedances of the ATS turbidity NEL constitutes a violation of this General Permit. L. Post-Construction Requirements 72. This General Permit includes performance standards for post- construction that are consistent with State Water Board Resolution No. 2005-0006, "Resolution Adopting the Concept of Sustainability as a Core Value for State Water Board Programs and Directing Its Incorporation," and 2008-0030, "Requiring Sustainable Water Resources Management." The requirement for all construction sites to match pre-project hydrology will help ensure that the physical and biological integrity of aquatic ecosystems are sustained. This "runoff reduction" approach is analogous in principle to Low Impact Development (LID) and will serve to protect related watersheds and waterbodies from both hydrologic-based and pollution impacts associated with the post-construction landscape. 73. LUP projects are not subject to post-construction requirements due to the nature of their construction to return project sites to pre- construction conditions. M. Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan Requirements 7 4. This General Permit requires the development of a site-specific SWPPP. The SWPPP must include the information needed to demonstrate compliance with all requirements of this General Permit, and must be kept on the construction site and be available for review. The discharger shall ensure that a QSD develops the SWPPP. 75. To ensure proper site oversight, this General Permit requires a Qualified SWPPP Practitioner to oversee implementation of the BMPs required to comply with this General Permit. N. Regional Water Board Authorities 76. Regional Water Boards are responsible for implementation and enforcement of this General Permit. A general approach to permitting is not always suitable for every construction site and environmental circumstances. Therefore, this General Permit recognizes that Regional Water Boards must have some flexibility and authority to alter, approve, exempt, or rescind permit authority granted under this 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 201 2-0006-DWQ 12 Order General Permit in order to protect the beneficial uses of our receiving waters and prevent degradation of water quality. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 13 ---• ------- - -----• ------------------ .. .. .. .. - -... -... -.. .. ... ... .... .. -... - -.. .. .... Order IT IS HEREBY ORDERED that all dischargers subject to this General Permit shall comply with the following conditions and requirements (including all conditions and requirements as set forth in Attachments A, B, C, D, E and F)6: II. CONDITIONS FOR PERMIT COVERAGE A. Linear Underground/Overhead Projects (LUPs) 1. Linear Underground/Overhead Projects (LUPs) include, but are not limited to, any conveyance, pipe, or pipeline for the transportation of any gaseous, liquid (including water and wastewater for domestic municipal services), liquescent, or slurry substance; any cable line or wire for the transmission of electrical energy; any cable line or wire for communications (e.g. telephone, telegraph, radio or television messages); and associated ancillary facilities. Construction activities associated with LUPs include, but are not limited to, (a) those activities necessary for the installation of underground and overhead linear facilities (e.g., conduits, substructures, pipelines, towers, poles, cables, wires, connectors, switching, regulating and transforming equipment, and associated ancillary facilities); and include, but are not limited to, (b) underground utility mark-out, potholing, concrete and asphalt cutting and removal, trenching, excavation, boring and drilling, access road and pole/tower pad and cable/wire pull station, substation construction, substructure installation, construction of tower footings and/or foundations, pole and tower installations, pipeline installations, welding, concrete and/ or pavement repair or replacement, and stockpile/borrow locations . 2. The Legally Responsible Person is responsible for obtaining coverage under the General Permit where the construction of pipelines, utility lines, fiber-optic cables, or other linear underground/overhead projects will occur across several properties unless the LUP construction activities are covered under another construction storm water permit. 3. Only LUPs shall comply with the conditions and requirements in Attachment A, A.1 & A.2 of this Order. The balance of this Order is not applicable to LUPs except as indicated in Attachment A . 6 These attachments are part of the General Permit itself and are not separate documents that are capable of being updated independently by the State Water Board. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 14 Order B. Obtaining Permit Coverage Traditional Construction Sites 1. The Legally Responsible Person (LRP) (see Special Provisions, Electronic Signature and Certification Requirements, Section IV.1.1) must obtain coverage under this General Permit. 2. To obtain coverage, the LRP must electronically file Permit Registration Documents (PRDs) prior to the commencement of construction activity. Failure to obtain coverage under this General Permit for storm water discharges to waters of the United States is a violation of the CWA and the California Water Code. 3. PRDs shall consist of: a. Notice of Intent (NOi) b. Risk Assessment (Section VIII) c. Site Map d. Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (Section XIV) e. Annual Fee f. Signed Certification Statement Any information provided to the Regional Water Board shall comply with the Homeland Security Act and any other federal law that concerns security in the United States; any information that does not comply should not be submitted. Attachment B contains additional PRD information. Dischargers must electronically file the PRDs, and mail the appropriate annual fee to the State Water Board. 4. This permit is effective on July 1, 2010. a. Dischargers Obtaining Coverage On or After July 1, 2010: All dischargers requiring coverage on or after July 1, 2010, shall electronically file their PRDs prior to the commencement of construction activities, and mail the appropriate annual fee no later than seven days prior to the commencement of construction activities. Permit coverage shall not commence until the PRDs and the annual fee are received by the State Water Board, and a WDID number is assigned and sent by SMARTS. b. Dischargers Covered Under 99-08-DWQ and 2003-0007-DWQ: Existing dischargers subject to State Water Board Order No. 99-08- DWQ ( existing dischargers) will continue coverage under 99-08- DWQ until July 1, 2010. After July 1, 2010, all NOls subject to State Water Board Order No. 99-08-DWQ will be terminated. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 15 .. • -• -• --• -• -• • -• -• -• --- - - - ------ .. ... .. ... .. ,. ... .. -... .. ... -.. --.. -.. -... ---... -.. - Order Existing dischargers shall electronically file their PRDs no later than July 1, 2010. If an existing discharger's site acreage subject to the annual fee has changed, it shall mail a revised annual fee no less than seven days after receiving the revised annual fee notification, or else lose permit coverage. All existing dischargers shall be exempt from the risk determination requirements in Section VIII of this General Permit until two years after permit adoption. All existing dischargers are therefore subject to Risk Level 1 requirements regardless of their site's sediment and receiving water risks. However, a Regional Board retains the authority to require an existing discharger to comply with the Section VIII risk determination requirements . 5. The discharger is only considered covered by this General Permit upon receipt of a Waste Discharger Identification (WDID) number assigned and sent by the State Water Board Storm water Multi-Application and Report Tracking System (SMARTS). In order to demonstrate compliance with this General Permit, the discharger must obtain a WDID number and must present documentation of a valid WDID upon demand . 6. During the period this permit is subject to review by the U.S. EPA, the prior permit (State Water Board Order No. 99-08-DWQ) remains in effect. Existing dischargers under the prior permit will continue to have coverage under State Water Board Order No. 99-08-DWQ until this General Permit takes effect on July 1, 2010. Dischargers who complete their projects and electronically file an NOT prior to July 1, 2010, are not required to obtain coverage under this General Permit. 7. Small Construction Rainfall Erosivity Waiver EPA's Small Construction Erosivity Waiver applies to sites between one and five acres demonstrating that there are no adverse water quality impacts . Dischargers eligible for a Rainfall Erosivity Waiver based on low erosivity potential shall complete the electronic Notice of Intent (NOi) and Sediment Risk form through the State Water Board's SMARTS system, certifying that the construction activity will take place during a period when the value of the rainfall erosivity factor is less than five. Where the LRP changes or another LRP is added during construction, the new LRP must also submit a waiver certification through the SMARTS system . If a small construction site continues beyond the projected completion date given on the waiver certification, the LRP shall recalculate the 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ • 16 -- Order rainfall erosivity factor for the new project duration and submit this information through the SMARTS system. If the new R factor is below five (5), the discharger shall update through SMARTS all applicable information on the waiver certification and retain a copy of the revised waiver onsite. The LRP shall submit the new waiver certification 30 days prior to the projected completion date listed on the original waiver form to assure exemption from permitting requirements is uninterrupted. If the new R factor is five (5) or above, the LRP shall be required to apply for coverage under this Order. 8. In the case of a public emergency that requires immediate construction activities, a discharger shall submit a brief description of the emergency construction activity within five days of the onset of construction, and then shall submit all PRDs within thirty days. C. Revising Permit Coverage for Change of Acreage or New Ownership 1. The discharger may reduce or increase the total acreage covered under this General Permit when a portion of the site is complete and/or conditions for termination of coverage have been met (See Section 11.D Conditions for Termination of Coverage); when ownership of a portion of the site is sold to a different entity; or when new acreage, subject to this General Permit, is added to the site. 2. Within 30 days of a reduction or increase in total disturbed acreage, the discharger shall electronically file revisions to the PRDs that include: a. A revised NOi indicating the new project size; b. A revised site map showing the acreage of the site completed, acreage currently under construction, acreage sold/transferred or added, and acreage currently stabilized in accordance with the Conditions for Termination of Coverage in Section 11.D below. c. SWPPP revisions, as appropriate; and d. Certification that any new landowners have been notified of applicable requirements to obtain General Permit coverage. The certification shall include the name, address, telephone number, and e-mail address of the new landowner. e. If the project acreage has increased, dischargers shall mail payment of revised annual fees within 14 days of receiving the revised annual fee notification. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 17 ~ ......... ~----.... -• -• ---• -----• ---• -------------------- .. -.., -.. -.. -.. - --- -.. -.. - .. - - --- - - .. Order 3. The discharger shall continue coverage under the General Permit for any parcel that has not achieved "Final Stabilization" as defined in Section 11.D . 4. When an LRP with active General Permit coverage transfers its LRP status to another person or entity that qualifies as an LRP, the existing LRP shall inform the new LRP of the General Permit's requirements. In order for the new LRP to continue the construction activity on its parcel of property, the new LRP, or the new LRP's approved signatory, must submit PRDs in accordance with this General Permit's requirements. D. Conditions for Termination of Coverage 1. Within 90 days of when construction is complete or ownership has been transferred, the discharger shall electronically file a Notice of Termination (NOT), a final site map, and photos through the State Water Boards SMARTS system. Filing a NOT certifies that all General Permit requirements have been met. The Regional Water Board will consider a construction site complete only when all portions of the site have been transferred to a new owner, or all of the following conditions have been met: a. For purposes of "final stabilization," the site will not pose any additional sediment discharge risk than it did prior to the commencement of construction activity; b. There is no potential for construction-related storm water pollutants to be discharged into site runoff; c. Final stabilization has been reached; d. Construction materials and wastes have been disposed of properly; e. Compliance with the Post-Construction Standards in Section XIII of this General Permit has been demonstrated; f. Post-construction storm water management measures have been installed and a long-term maintenance plan7 has been established; and g. All construction-related equipment, materials and any temporary BMPs no longer needed are removed from the site. 7 For the purposes of this requirement a long-term maintenance plan will be designed for a minimum of five years, and will describe the procedures to ensure that the post-construction storm water management measures are adequately maintained. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 18 Order 2. The discharger shall certify that final stabilization conditions are satisfied in their NOT. Failure to certify shall result in continuation of permit coverage and annual billing. 3. The NOT must demonstrate through photos, RUSLE or RUSLE2, or results of testing and analysis that the site meets all of the conditions above (Section I1.D.1) and the final stabilization condition (Section I1.D.1.a) is attained by one of the following methods: a. "70% final cover method," no computational proof required OR: b. "RUSLE or RUSLE2 method," computational proof required OR: c. "Custom method", the discharger shall demonstrate in some other manner than a or b, above, that the site complies with the "final stabilization" requirement in Section I1.D.1.a. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 19 -------------------------------------- .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .... .. .. ... .. .. "' .. "' .. .. Order Ill. DISCHARGE PROHIBITIONS A. Dischargers shall not violate any discharge prohibitions contained in applicable Basin Plans or statewide water quality control plans. Waste discharges to Areas of Special Biological Significance (ASBS) are prohibited by the California Ocean Plan, unless granted an exception issued by the State Water Board . B. All discharges are prohibited except for the storm water and non-storm water discharges specifically authorized by this General Permit or another NPDES permit. C. Authorized non-storm water discharges may include those from de- chlorinated potable water sources such as: fire hydrant flushing, irrigation of vegetative erosion control measures, pipe flushing and testing, water to control dust, uncontaminated ground water from dewatering, and other discharges not subject to a separate general NPDES permit adopted by a Regional Water Board. The discharge of non-storm water is authorized under the following conditions: 1. The discharge does not cause or contribute to a violation of any water quality standard; 2. The discharge does not violate any other provision of this General Permit; 3. The discharge is not prohibited by the applicable Basin Plan; 4. The discharger has included and implemented specific BMPs required by this General Permit to prevent or reduce the contact of the non- storm water discharge with construction materials or equipment. 5. The discharge does not contain toxic constituents in toxic amounts or (other) significant quantities of pollutants; 6. The discharge is monitored and meets the applicable NALs; and 7. The discharger reports the sampling information in the Annual Report . If any of the above conditions are not satisfied, the discharge is not authorized by this General Permit. The discharger shall notify the Regional Water Board of any anticipated non-storm water discharges not already authorized by this General Permit or another NPDES permit, to determine whether a separate NPDES permit is necessary . 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 20 D. Debris resulting from construction activities are prohibited from being discharged from construction sites. Order E. When soil contamination is found or suspected and a responsible party is not identified, or the responsible party fails to promptly take the appropriate action, the discharger shall have those soils sampled and tested to ensure proper handling and public safety measures are implemented. The discharger shall notify the appropriate local, State, and federal agency(ies) when contaminated soil is found at a construction site, and will notify the appropriate Regional Water Board. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 21 -• -• -• -• -• -• • -• • -• -• -• • -• -• - • ----.. .. .. " -... - --- " -... - - -.. --- -- - -.. - Order IV.SPECIAL PROVISIONS A. Duty to Comply 1. The discharger shall comply with all of the conditions of this General Permit. Any permit noncompliance constitutes a violation of the Clean Water Act (CWA) and the Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act and is grounds for enforcement action and/or removal from General Permit coverage. 2. The discharger shall comply with effluent standards or prohibitions established under Section 307(a) of the CWA for toxic pollutants within the time provided in the regulations that establish these standards or prohibitions, even if this General Permit has not yet been modified to incorporate the requirement. B. General Permit Actions 1. This General Permit may be modified, revoked and reissued, or terminated for cause. The filing of a request by the discharger for a General Permit modification, revocation and reissuance, or termination, or a notification of planned changes or anticipated noncompliance does not annul any General Permit condition. 2. If any toxic effluent standard or prohibition (including any schedule of compliance specified in such effluent standard or prohibition) is promulgated under Section 307(a) of the CWA for a toxic pollutant which is present in the discharge and that standard or prohibition is more stringent than any limitation on the pollutant in this General Permit, this General Permit shall be modified or revoked and reissued to conform to the toxic effluent standard or prohibition and the dischargers so notified. C. Need to Halt or Reduce Activity Not a Defense It shall not be a defense for a discharger in an enforcement action that it would have been necessary to halt or reduce the permitted activity in order to maintain compliance with the conditions of this General Permit. D. Duty to Mitigate The discharger shall take all responsible steps to minimize or prevent any discharge in violation of this General Permit, which has a reasonable likelihood of adversely affecting human health or the environment. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 22 Order E. Proper Operation and Maintenance The discharger shall at all times properly operate and maintain any facilities and systems of treatment and control (and related appurtenances) which are installed or used by the discharger to achieve compliance with the conditions of this General Permit. Proper operation and maintenance also includes adequate laboratory controls and appropriate quality assurance procedures. Proper operation and maintenance may require the operation of backup or auxiliary facilities or similar systems installed by a discharger when necessary to achieve compliance with the conditions of this General Permit. F. Property Rights This General Permit does not convey any property rights of any sort or any exclusive privileges, nor does it authorize any injury to private property or any invasion of personal rights, nor does it authorize any infringement of Federal, State, or local laws or regulations. G. Duty to Maintain Records and Provide Information 1. The discharger shall maintain a paper or electronic copy of all required records, including a copy of this General Permit, for three years from the date generated or date submitted, whichever is last. These records shall be available at the construction site until construction is completed. 2. The discharger shall furnish the Regional Water Board, State Water Board, or U.S. EPA, within a reasonable time, any requested information to determine compliance with this General Permit. The discharger shall also furnish, upon request, copies of records that are required to be kept by this General Permit. H. Inspection and Entry The discharger shall allow the Regional Water Board, State Water Board, U.S. EPA, and/or, in the case of construction sites which discharge through a municipal separate storm sewer, an authorized representative of the municipal operator of the separate storm sewer system receiving the discharge, upon the presentation of credentials and other documents as may be required by law, to: 1. Enter upon the discharger's premises at reasonable times where a regulated construction activity is being conducted or where records must be kept under the conditions of this General Permit; 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 23 ----------- --------------- - - ------ -... -... .. ... - -... ---... - -... ... ... -... -... .. ... - -----... - Order 2. Access and copy at reasonable times any records that must be kept under the conditions of this General Permit; 3. Inspect at reasonable times the complete construction site, including any off-site staging areas or material storage areas, and the erosion/sediment controls; and 4. Sample or monitor at reasonable times for the purpose of ensuring General Permit compliance . I. Electronic Signature and Certification Requirements 1. All Permit Registration Documents (PRDs) and Notices of Termination (NOTs) shall be electronically signed, certified, and submitted via SMARTS to the State Water Board. Either the Legally Responsible Person (LRP), as defined in Appendix 5-Glossary, or a person legally authorized to sign and certify PRDs and NOTs on behalf of the LRP (the LRP's Approved Signatory, as defined in Appendix 5 -Glossary) must submit all information electronically via SMARTS. 2. Changes to Authorization. If an Approved Signatory's authorization is no longer accurate, a new authorization satisfying the requirements of paragraph (a) of this section must be submitted via SMARTS prior to or together with any reports, information or applications to be signed by an Approved Signatory . 3. All Annual Reports, or other information required by the General Permit (other than PRDs and NOTs) or requested by the Regional Water Board, State Water Board, U.S. EPA, or local storm water management agency shall be certified and submitted by the LRP or the LRP's Approved Signatory . J. Certification Any person signing documents under Section IV.I above, shall make the following certification: "I certify under penalty of law that this document and all attachments were prepared under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gather and evaluate the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the person or persons who manage the system or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information, to the best of my knowledge and belief, the information submitted is, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations." 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ -~ -.. Order K. Anticipated Noncompliance The discharger shall give advance notice to the Regional Water Board and local storm water management agency of any planned changes in the construction activity, which may result in noncompliance with General Permit requirements. L. Bypass Bypass8 is prohibited. The Regional Water Board may take enforcement action against the discharger for bypass unless: 1. Bypass was unavoidable to prevent loss of life, personal injury or severe property damage;9 2. There were no feasible alternatives to bypass, such as the use of auxiliary treatment facilities, retention of untreated waste, or maintenance during normal periods of equipment downtime. This condition is not satisfied if adequate back-up equipment should have been installed in the exercise of reasonable engineering judgment to prevent a bypass that could occur during normal periods of equipment downtime or preventative maintenance; 3. The discharger submitted a notice at least ten days in advance of the need for a bypass to the Regional Water Board; or 4. The discharger may allow a bypass to occur that does not cause effluent limitations to be exceeded, but only if it is for essential maintenance to assure efficient operation. In such a case, the above bypass conditions are not applicable. The discharger shall submit notice of an unanticipated bypass as required. M. Upset 1. A discharger that wishes to establish the affirmative defense of an upset10 in an action brought for noncompliance shall demonstrate, 8 The intentional diversion of waste streams from any portion of a treatment facility 9 Severe property damage means substantial physical damage to property, damage to the treatment facilities that causes them to become inoperable, or substantial and permanent loss of natural resources that can reasonably be expected to occur in the absence of a bypass. Severe property damage does not mean economic loss caused by delays in production. 10 An exceptional incident in which there is unintentional and temporary noncompliance the technology based numeric effluent limitations because of factors beyond the reasonable control of the discharger. An upset does not include noncompliance to the extent caused by operational error, improperly designed treatment facilities, inadequate treatment facilities, lack of preventative maintenance, or careless or improper operation. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 25 - ----- ------------------------------ .. -.. -... ... ... ... --.. -.. -.. ... -.. .. - ... -... -.. -.. ... Order through properly signed, contemporaneous operating logs, or other relevant evidence that: a. An upset occurred and that the discharger can identify the cause(s) of the upset b. The treatment facility was being properly operated by the time of the upset c. The discharger submitted notice of the upset as required; and d. The discharger complied with any remedial measures required 2. No determination made before an action of noncompliance occurs, such as during administrative review of claims that noncompliance was caused by an upset, is final administrative action subject to judicial review. 3. In any enforcement proceeding, the discharger seeking to establish the occurrence of an upset has the burden of proof N. Penalties for Falsification of Reports Section 309(c)(4) of the CWA provides that any person who knowingly makes any false material statement, representation, or certification in any record or other document submitted or required to be maintained under this General Permit, including reports of compliance or noncompliance shall upon conviction, be punished by a fine of not more than $10,000 or by imprisonment for not more than two years or by both. 0. Oil and Hazardous Substance Liability Nothing in this General Permit shall be construed to preclude the institution of any legal action or relieve the discharger from any responsibilities, liabilities, or penalties to which the discharger is or may be subject to under Section 311 of the CWA. P. Severability The provisions of this General Permit are severable; and, if any provision of this General Permit or the application of any provision of this General Permit to any circumstance is held invalid, the application of such provision to other circumstances and the remainder of this General Permit shall not be affected thereby. Q. Reopener Clause 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ • 26 Order This General Permit may be modified, revoked and reissued, or terminated for cause due to promulgation of amended regulations, receipt of U.S. EPA guidance concerning regulated activities, judicial decision, or in accordance with 40 Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) 122.62, 122.63, 122.64, and 124.5. R. Penalties for Violations of Permit Conditions 1. Section 309 of the CWA provides significant penalties for any person who violates a permit condition implementing Sections 301, 302, 306, 307, 308, 318, or 405 of the CWA or any permit condition or limitation implementing any such section in a permit issued under Section 402. Any person who violates any permit condition of this General Permit is subject to a civil penalty not to exceed $37,50011 per calendar day of such violation, as well as any other appropriate sanction provided by Section 309 of the CWA. 2. The Porter-Cologne Water Quality Control Act also provides for civil and criminal penalties, which in some cases are greater than those under the CWA. S. Transfers This General Permit is not transferable. T. Continuation of Expired Permit This General Permit continues in force and effect until a new General Permit is issued or the SWRCB rescinds this General Permit. Only those dischargers authorized to discharge under the expiring General Permit are covered by the continued General Permit. 11 May be further adjusted in accordance with the Federal Civil Penalties Inflation Adjustment Act. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 27 ' ·--• .,___ --¥~- ---• -; --• ----., --------., ---------., -----.. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Order V. EFFLUENT STANDARDS & RECEIVING WATER MONITORING A. Narrative Effluent Limitations 1. Storm water discharges and authorized non-storm water discharges regulated by this General Permit shall not contain a hazardous substance equal to or in excess of reportable quantities established in 40 C.F.R. §§ 117.3 and 302.4, unless a separate NPDES Permit has been issued to regulate those discharges. 2. Dischargers shall minimize or prevent pollutants in storm water discharges and authorized non-storm water discharges through the use of controls, structures, and management practices that achieve BAT for toxic and non-conventional pollutants and BCT for conventional pollutants. Table 1-Numeric Action Levels, Test Methods, Detection Limits, and Reporting Units Parameter Test Discharge Min. Units Numeric Method Type Detection Action Limit Level pH lower NAL = Field test Risk Level 2 6.5 with upper NAL = calibrated 0.2 pH 8.5 portable units lower NAL = 6.5 instrument Risk Level 3 upper NAL = 8.5 Turbidity EPA 0180.1 Risk Level 2 250 NTU and/or field test with 1 NTU calibrated Risk Level 3 250 NTU portable instrument B. Numeric Action Levels (NALs) 1. For Risk Level 2 and 3 dischargers, the lower storm event average NAL for pH is 6.5 pH units and the upper storm event average NAL for 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ -~ • Order pH is 8.5 pH units. The discharger shall take actions as described below if the discharge is outside of this range of pH values. 2. For Risk Level 2 and 3 dischargers, the NAL storm event daily average for turbidity is 250 NTU. The discharger shall take actions as described below if the discharge is outside of this range of turbidity values. 3. Whenever the results from a storm event daily average indicate that the discharge is below the lower NAL for pH, exceeds the upper NAL for pH, or exceeds the turbidity NAL (as listed in Table 1 ), the discharger shall conduct a construction site and run-on evaluation to determine whether pollutant source(s) associated with the site's construction activity may have caused or contributed to the NAL exceedance and shall immediately implement corrective actions if they are needed. 4. The site evaluation shall be documented in the SWPPP and specifically address whether the source(s) of the pollutants causing the exceedance of the NAL: a. Are related to the construction activities and whether additional BMPs are required to (1) meet BAT/BCT requirements; (2) reduce or prevent pollutants in storm water discharges from causing exceedances of receiving water objectives; and (3) determine what corrective action(s) were taken or will be taken and with a description of the schedule for completion. AND/OR: b. Are related to the run-on associated with the construction site location and whether additional BMPs measures are required to (1) meet BAT/BCT requirements; (2) reduce or prevent pollutants in storm water discharges from causing exceedances of receiving water objectives; and (3) what corrective action(s) were taken or will be taken with a description of the schedule for completion. C. Receiving Water Monitoring Triggers 1. The receiving water monitoring triggers for Risk Level 3 dischargers with direct discharges to surface waters are triggered when the daily average effluent pH values during any site phase when there is a high risk of pH discharge 12 fall outside of the range of 6.0 and 9.0 pH units, or when the daily average effluent turbidity exceeds 500 NTU. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 29 "' • • • • • • • • • • • • • • -• • -• • -- • • • • -• -- .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ... .. .. .. Order 2. Risk Level 3 dischargers with with direct discharges to surface waters shall conduct receiving water monitoring whenever their effluent monitoring results exceed the receiving water monitoring triggers. If the pH trigger is exceeded, the receiving water shall be monitored for pH for the duration of coverage under this General Permit. If the turbidity trigger is exceeded, the receiving water shall be monitored for turbidity and SSC for the duration of coverage under this general permit. 3. Risk Level 3 dischargers with direct discharges to surfaces waters shall initiate receiving water monitoring when the triggers are exceeded unless the storm event causing the exceedance is determined after the fact to equal to or greater than the 5-year 24-hour storm (expressed in inches of rainfall) as determined by using these maps: http://www. wrcc.dri .edu/pcpnfreq/nca5y24 .gif http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/pcpnfreq/sca5y24.gif Verification of the 5-year 24-hour storm event shall be done by reporting on-site rain gauge readings as well as nearby governmental rain gauge readings . 4. If run-on is caused by a forest fire or any other natural disaster, then receiving water monitoring triggers do not apply . 12 A period of high risk of pH discharge is defined as a project's complete utilities phase, complete vertical build phase, and any portion of any phase where significant amounts of materials are placed directly on the land at the site in a manner that could result in significant alterations of the background pH of the discharges. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ • w -.. Order VI.RECEIVING WATER LIMITATIONS A. The discharger shall ensure that storm water discharges and authorized non-storm water discharges to any surface or ground water will not adversely affect human health or the environment. B. The discharger shall ensure that storm water discharges and authorized non-storm water discharges will not contain pollutants in quantities that threaten to cause pollution or a public nuisance. C. The discharger shall ensure that storm water discharges and authorized non-storm water discharges will not contain pollutants that cause or contribute to an exceedance of any applicable water quality objectives or water quality standards (collectively, WQS) contained in a Statewide Water Quality Control Plan, the California Toxics Rule, the National Toxics Rule, or the applicable Regional Water Board's Water Quality Control Plan (Basin Plan). D. Dischargers located within the watershed of a CWA § 303(d) impaired water body, for which a TMDL has been approved by the U.S. EPA, shall comply with the approved TMDL if it identifies "construction activity" or land disturbance as a source of the pollution. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 31 - • .. • • • .. • .. • .. • .. • -• • .. • -• .. --• -• -• • • -• - - .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. - VII. TRAINING QUALIFICATIONS AND CERTIFICATION REQUIREMENTS A. General Order The discharger shall ensure that all persons responsible for implementing requirements of this General Permit shall be appropriately trained in accordance with this Section. Training should be both formal and informal, occur on an ongoing basis, and should include training offered by recognized governmental agencies or professional organizations. Those responsible for preparing and amending SWPPPs shall comply with the requirements in this Section VII. The discharger shall provide documentation of all training for persons responsible for implementing the requirements of this General Permit in the Annual Reports. B. SWPPP Certification Requirements 1. Qualified SWPPP Developer: The discharger shall ensure that SWPPPs are written, amended and certified by a Qualified SWPPP Developer (QSD). A QSD shall have one of the following registrations or certifications, and appropriate experience, as required for: a. A California registered professional civil engineer; b. A California registered professional geologist or engineering geologist; c. A California registered landscape architect; d. A professional hydrologist registered through the American Institute of Hydrology; e. A Certified Professional in Erosion and Sediment Control (CPESC) TM registered through Enviro Cert International, Inc.; f. A Certified Professional in Storm Water Quality (CPSWQ) TM registered through Enviro Cert International, Inc.; or g. A professional in erosion and sediment control registered through the National Institute for Certification in Engineering Technologies (NICET) . 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ .. ~ .. Order Effective two years after the adoption date of this General Permit, a QSD shall have attended a State Water Board-sponsored or approved QSD training course. 2. The discharger shall list the name and telephone number of the currently designated Qualified SWPPP Developer(s) in the SWPPP. 3. Qualified SWPPP Practitioner: The discharger shall ensure that all BMPs required by this General Permit are implemented by a Qualified SWPPP Practitioner (QSP). A QSP is a person responsible for non- storm water and storm water visual observations, sampling and analysis. Effective two years from the date of adoption of this General Permit, a QSP shall be either a QSD or have one of the following certifications: a. A certified erosion, sediment and storm water inspector registered through Enviro Cert International, Inc.; or b. A certified inspector of sediment and erosion control registered through Certified Inspector of Sediment and Erosion Control, Inc. Effective two years after the adoption date of this General Permit, a QSP shall have attended a State Water Board-sponsored or approved QSP training course. 4. The LRP shall list in the SWPPP, the name of any Approved Signatory, and provide a copy of the written agreement or other mechanism that provides this authority from the LRP in the SWPPP. 5. The discharger shall include, in the SWPPP, a list of names of all contractors, subcontractors, and individuals who will be directed by the Qualified SWPPP Practitioner. This list shall include telephone numbers and work addresses. Specific areas of responsibility of each subcontractor and emergency contact numbers shall also be included. 6. The discharger shall ensure that the SWPPP and each amendment will be signed by the Qualified SWPPP Developer. The discharger shall include a listing of the date of initial preparation and the date of each amendment in the SWPPP. VIII. RISK DETERMINATION The discharger shall calculate the site's sediment risk and receiving water risk during periods of soil exposure (i.e. grading and site stabilization) and use the calculated risks to determine a Risk Level(s) using the methodology in 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 33 .. • • • -• .. • • • • - • ---• -• -• -• ---• .. • -• ------ .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Order Appendix 1. For any site that spans two or more planning watersheds, 13 the discharger shall calculate a separate Risk Level for each planning watershed. The discharger shall notify the State Water Board of the site's Risk Level determination(s) and shall include this determination as a part of submitting the PRDs. If a discharger ends up with more than one Risk Level determination, the Regional Water Board may choose to break the project into separate levels of implementation. IX. RISK LEVEL 1 REQUIREMENTS Risk Level 1 Dischargers shall comply with the requirements included in Attachment C of this General Permit. X. RISK LEVEL 2 REQUIREMENTS Risk Level 2 Dischargers shall comply with the requirements included in Attachment D of this General Permit. XI. RISK LEVEL 3 REQUIREMENTS Risk Level 3 Dischargers shall comply with the requirements included in Attachment E of this General Permit. XII. ACTIVE TREATMENT SYSTEMS (ATS) Dischargers choosing to implement an ATS on their site shall comply with all of the requirements in Attachment F of this General Permit. 13 Planning watershed: defined by the Calwater Watershed documents as a watershed that ranges in size from approximately 3,000 to 10,000 acres http://cain.ice.ucdavis.edu/calwater/calwfaq.html, http://gis.ca.gov/catalog/BrowseRecord.epl?id=22175 . 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 34 Order XIII. POST-CONSTRUCTION STANDARDS A. All dischargers shall comply with the following runoff reduction requirements unless they are located within an area subject to post- construction standards of an active Phase I or II municipal separate storm sewer system (MS4) permit that has an approved Storm Water Management Plan. 1. This provision shall take effect three years from the adoption date of this permit, or later at the discretion of the Executive Officer of the Regional Board. 2. The discharger shall demonstrate compliance with the requirements of this section by submitting with their NOi a map and worksheets in accordance with the instructions in Appendix 2. The discharger shall use non-structural controls unless the discharger demonstrates that non-structural controls are infeasible or that structural controls will produce greater reduction in water quality impacts. 3. The discharger shall, through the use of non-structural and structural measures as described in Appendix 2, replicate the pre-project water balance (for this permit, defined as the volume of rainfall that ends up as runoff) for the smallest storms up to the 85th percentile storm event (or the smallest storm event that generates runoff, whichever is larger). Dischargers shall inform Regional Water Board staff at least 30 days prior to the use of any structural control measure used to comply with this requirement. Volume that cannot be addressed using non- structural practices shall be captured in structural practices and approved by the Regional Water Board. When seeking Regional Board approval for the use of structural practices, dischargers shall document the infeasibility of using non-structural practices on the project site, or document that there will be fewer water quality impacts through the use of structural practices. 4. For sites whose disturbed area exceeds two acres, the discharger shall preserve the pre-construction drainage density (miles of stream length per square mile of drainage area) for all drainage areas within the area serving a first order stream 14 or larger stream and ensure that post- project time of runoff concentration is equal or greater than pre-project time of concentration. 14 A first order stream is defined as a stream with no tributaries. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 35 .. • • • -• .. • -• • • • -• • • • -• • -• -• • • • • -• - • .. .. - - ... -.. - .. .. ,. - Order B. All dischargers shall implement BMPs to reduce pollutants in storm water discharges that are reasonably foreseeable after all construction phases have been completed at the site (Post-construction BMPs) . 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ .. ~ - Order XIV. SWPPP REQUIREMENTS A. The discharger shall ensure that the Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plans (SWPPPs) for all traditional project sites are developed and amended or revised by a QSD. The SWPPP shall be designed to address the following objectives: 1. All pollutants and their sources, including sources of sediment associated with construction, construction site erosion and all other activities associated with construction activity are controlled; 2. Where not otherwise required to be under a Regional Water Board permit, all non-storm water discharges are identified and either eliminated, controlled, or treated; 3. Site BMPs are effective and result in the reduction or elimination of pollutants in storm water discharges and authorized non-storm water discharges from construction activity to the BAT/BCT standard; 4. Calculations and design details as well as BMP controls for site run-on are complete and correct, and 5. Stabilization BMPs installed to reduce or eliminate pollutants after construction are completed. B. To demonstrate compliance with requirements of this General Permit, the QSD shall include information in the SWPPP that supports the conclusions, selections, use, and maintenance of BMPs. C. The discharger shall make the SWPPP available at the construction site during working hours while construction is occurring and shall be made available upon request by a State or Municipal inspector. When the original SWPPP is retained by a crewmember in a construction vehicle and is not currently at the construction site, current copies of the BMPs and map/drawing will be left with the field crew and the original SWPPP shall be made available via a request by radio/telephone. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 37 • ., .. • -• -• --.. • --• -• -• --• -• • -- -• ---- .. " .. .. .. .. .. .. - Order XV. REGIONAL WATER BOARD AUTHORITIES A. In the case where the Regional Water Board does not agree with the discharger's self-reported risk level (e.g., they determine themselves to be a Level 1 Risk when they are actually a Level 2 Risk site), Regional Water Boards may either direct the discharger to reevaluate the Risk Level(s) for their site or terminate coverage under this General Permit. B. Regional Water Boards may terminate coverage under this General Permit for dischargers who fail to comply with its requirements or where they determine that an individual NPDES permit is appropriate. C. Regional Water Boards may require dischargers to submit a Report of Waste Discharge I NPDES permit application for Regional Water Board consideration of individual requirements. D. Regional Water Boards may require additional Monitoring and Reporting Program Requirements, including sampling and analysis of discharges to sediment-impaired water bodies . E. Regional Water Boards may require dischargers to retain records for more than the three years required by this General Permit. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ .. ~ -.. Order XVI. ANNUAL REPORTING REQUIREMENTS A. All dischargers shall prepare and electronically submit an Annual Report no later than September 1 of each year. B. The discharger shall certify each Annual Report in accordance with the Special Provisions. C. The discharger shall retain an electronic or paper copy of each Annual Report for a minimum of three years after the date the annual report is filed. D. The discharger shall include storm water monitoring information in the Annual Report consisting of: 1. a summary and evaluation of all sampling and analysis results, including copies of laboratory reports; 2. the analytical method(s), method reporting unit(s), and method detection limit(s) of each analytical parameter (analytical results that are less than the method detection limit shall be reported as "less than the method detection limit"); 3. a summary of all corrective actions taken during the compliance year; 4. identification of any compliance activities or corrective actions that were not implemented; 5. a summary of all violations of the General Permit; 6. the names of individual(s) who performed the facility inspections, sampling, visual observation (inspections), and/or measurements; 7. the date, place, time of facility inspections, sampling, visual observation (inspections), and/or measurements, including precipitation (rain gauge); and 8. the visual observation and sample collection exception records and reports specified in Attachments C, D, and E. E. The discharger shall provide training information in the Annual Report consisting of: 1. documentation of all training for individuals responsible for all activities associated with compliance with this General Permit; 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ 39 • • • -• -• • --• • • • • • • -• -• .. • -• • -• -• -• -- .. ... - ... .. ... .. -... .. .. .. .. .. 2. documentation of all training for individuals responsible for BMP installation, inspection, maintenance, and repair; and Order 3. documentation of all training for individuals responsible for overseeing, revising, and amending the SWPPP . 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-0006-DWQ . ~ ... • .. ... -.. - .... -.. -.. -- ... -.. - --- ATTACHMENT D ATTACHMENT D RISK LEVEL 2 REQUIREMENTS A. Effluent Standards [These requirements are the same as those in the General Permit order.] 1. Narrative -Risk Level 2 dischargers shall comply with the narrative effluent standards listed below: a. Storm water discharges and authorized non-storm water discharges regulated by this General Permit shall not contain a hazardous substance equal to or in excess of reportable quantities established in 40 C.F.R. §§ 117.3 and 302.4, unless a separate NPDES Permit has been issued to regulate those discharges . b. Dischargers shall minimize or prevent pollutants in storm water discharges and authorized non-storm water discharges through the use of controls, structures, and management practices that achieve BAT for toxic and non-conventional pollutants and BCT for conventional pollutants . 2. Numeric -Risk level 2 dischargers are subject to a pH NAL of 6.5-8.5, and a turbidity NAL of 250 NTU . B. Good Site Management "Housekeeping" 1. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall implement good site management (i.e., "housekeeping") measures for construction materials that could potentially be a threat to water quality if discharged. At a minimum, Risk Level 2 dischargers shall implement the following good housekeeping measures: a. Conduct an inventory of the products used and/or expected to be used and the end products that are produced and/or expected to be produced. This does not include materials and equipment that are designed to be outdoors and exposed to environmental conditions (i.e. poles, equipment pads, cabinets, conductors, insulators, bricks, etc.) . b. Cover and berm loose stockpiled construction materials that are not actively being used (i.e. soil, spoils, aggregate, fly-ash, stucco, hydrated lime, etc.). 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-2006-DWQ -1 - ATTACHMENT D c. Store chemicals in watertight containers (with appropriate secondary containment to prevent any spillage or leakage) or in a storage shed (completely enclosed). d. Minimize exposure of construction materials to precipitation. This does not include materials and equipment that are designed to be outdoors and exposed to environmental conditions (i.e. poles, equipment pads, cabinets, conductors, insulators, bricks, etc.). e. Implement BMPs to prevent the off-site tracking of loose construction and landscape materials. 2. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall implement good housekeeping measures for waste management, which, at a minimum, shall consist of the following: a. Prevent disposal of any rinse or wash waters or materials on impervious or pervious site surfaces or into the storm drain system. b. Ensure the containment of sanitation facilities (e.g., portable toilets) to prevent discharges of pollutants to the storm water drainage system or receiving water. c. Clean or replace sanitation facilities and inspecting them regularly for leaks and spills. d. Cover waste disposal containers at the end of every business day and during a rain event. e. Prevent discharges from waste disposal containers to the storm water drainage system or receiving water. f. Contain and securely protect stockpiled waste material from wind and rain at all times unless actively being used. g. Implement procedures that effectively address hazardous and non- hazardous spills. h. Develop a spill response and implementation element of the SWPPP prior to commencement of construction activities. The SWPPP shall require: i. Equipment and materials for cleanup of spills shall be available on site and that spills and leaks shall be cleaned up immediately and disposed of properly. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-2006-DWQ 2 • • .. • • • • • • • • • • • • -• --- -----• - ---- -.. ... ... - .. .. .. .. .. ATTACHMENT D ii. Appropriate spill response personnel are assigned and trained. i. Ensure the containment of concrete washout areas and other washout areas that may contain additional pollutants so there is no discharge into the underlying soil and onto the surrounding areas . 3. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall implement good housekeeping for vehicle storage and maintenance, which, at a minimum, shall consist of the following: a. Prevent oil, grease, or fuel to leak in to the ground, storm drains or surface waters. b. Place all equipment or vehicles, which are to be fueled, maintained and stored in a designated area fitted with appropriate BMPs. c. Clean leaks immediately and disposing of leaked materials properly. 4. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall implement good housekeeping for landscape materials, which, at a minimum, shall consist of the following: a. Contain stockpiled materials such as mulches and topsoil when they are not actively being used . b. Contain all fertilizers and other landscape materials when they are not actively being used . c. Discontinue the application of any erodible landscape material within 2 days before a forecasted rain event or during periods of precipitation. d. Apply erodible landscape material at quantities and application rates according to manufacture recommendations or based on written specifications by knowledgeable and experienced field personnel. e. Stack erodible landscape material on pallets and covering or storing such materials when not being used or applied. 5. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall conduct an assessment and create a list of potential pollutant sources and identify any areas of the site where additional BMPs are necessary to reduce or prevent pollutants in storm water discharges and authorized non-storm water discharges. This potential pollutant list shall be kept with the SWPPP and shall identify 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-2006-DWQ 3 ATTACHMENT D all non-visible pollutants which are known, or should be known, to occur on the construction site. At a minimum, when developing BMPs, Risk Level 2 dischargers shall do the following: a. Consider the quantity, physical characteristics (e.g., liquid, powder, solid), and locations of each potential pollutant source handled, produced, stored, recycled, or disposed of at the site. b. Consider the degree to which pollutants associated with those materials may be exposed to and mobilized by contact with storm water. c. Consider the direct and indirect pathways that pollutants may be exposed to storm water or authorized non-storm water discharges. This shall include an assessment of past spills or leaks, non-storm water discharges, and discharges from adjoining areas. d. Ensure retention of sampling, visual observation, and inspection records. e. Ensure effectiveness of existing BMPs to reduce or prevent pollutants in storm water discharges and authorized non-storm water discharges. 6. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall implement good housekeeping measures on the construction site to control the air deposition of site materials and from site operations. Such particulates can include, but are not limited to, sediment, nutrients, trash, metals, bacteria, oil and grease and organics. 7. Additional Risk Level 2 Requirement: Risk Level 2 dischargers shall document all housekeeping BMPs in the SWPPP and REAP(s) in accordance with the nature and phase of the construction project. Construction phases at traditional land development projects include Grading and Land Development Phase, Streets and Utilities, or Vertical Construction for traditional land development projects. C. Non-Storm Water Management 1. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall implement measures to control all non- storm water discharges during construction. 2. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall wash vehicles in such a manner as to prevent non-storm water discharges to surface waters or MS4 drainage systems. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-2006-DWQ 4 ---• -----• ---• -• .. • • • • • -• • • • • - • -.. -.. .. .. ... .. .. -- ... -.. - -... --- ATTACHMENT D 3. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall clean streets in such a manner as to prevent unauthorized non-storm water discharges from reaching surface water or MS4 drainage systems. D. Erosion Control 1. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall implement effective wind erosion control. 2. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall provide effective soil cover for inactive1 areas and all finished slopes, open space, utility backfill, and completed lots. 3. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall limit the use of plastic materials when more sustainable, environmentally friendly alternatives exist. Where plastic materials are deemed necessary, the discharger shall consider the use of plastic materials resistant to solar degradation. E. Sediment Controls 1. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall establish and maintain effective perimeter controls and stabilize all construction entrances and exits to sufficiently control erosion and sediment discharges from the site . 2. On sites where sediment basins are to be used, Risk Level 2 dischargers shall, at minimum, design sediment basins according to the method provided in CASQA's Construction BMP Guidance Handbook . 3. Additional Risk Level 2 Requirement: Risk Level 2 dischargers shall implement appropriate erosion control BMPs (runoff control and soil stabilization) in conjunction with sediment control BMPs for areas under active2 construction . 4. Additional Risk Level 2 Requirement: Risk Level 2 dischargers shall apply linear sediment controls along the toe of the slope, face of the slope, and at the grade breaks of exposed slopes to comply with sheet flow lengths3 in accordance with Table 1. 1 Inactive areas of construction are areas of construction activity that have been disturbed and are not scheduled to be re-disturbed for at least 14 days. 2 Active areas of construction are areas undergoing land surface disturbance. This includes construction activity during the preliminary stage, mass grading stage, streets and utilities stage and the vertical construction stage. 3 Sheet flow length is the length that shallow, low velocity flow travels across a site. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-2006-DWQ -5 -- ATTACHMENT D 0-25% 20 feet 25-50% 15 feet Over 50% 10 feet 5. Additional Risk Level 2 Requirement: Risk Level 2 dischargers shall ensure that construction activity traffic to and from the project is limited to entrances and exits that employ effective controls to prevent offsite tracking of sediment. 6. Additional Risk Level 2 Requirement: Risk Level 2 dischargers shall ensure that all storm drain inlets and perimeter controls, runoff control BMPs, and pollutant controls at entrances and exits (e.g. tire washoff locations) are maintained and protected from activities that reduce their effectiveness. 7. Additional Risk Level 2 Requirement: Risk Level 2 dischargers shall inspect on a daily basis all immediate access roads daily. At a minimum daily (when necessary) and prior to any rain event, the discharger shall remove any sediment or other construction activity- related materials that are deposited on the roads (by vacuuming or sweeping). F. Run-on and Run-off Controls Risk Level 2 dischargers shall effectively manage all run-on, all runoff within the site and all runoff that discharges off the site. Run-on from off site shall be directed away from all disturbed areas or shall collectively be in compliance with the effluent limitations in this General Permit. G. Inspection, Maintenance and Repair 1. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall ensure that all inspection, maintenance repair and sampling activities at the project location shall be performed or supervised by a Qualified SWPPP Practitioner (QSP) representing the discharger. The QSP may delegate any or all of these activities to an employee appropriately trained to do the task(s). 2. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall perform weekly inspections and observations, and at least once each 24-hour period during extended storm events, to identify and record BMPs that need maintenance to operate effectively, that have failed, or that could fail to operate as intended. Inspectors shall be the QSP or be trained by the QSP. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-2006-DWQ 6 • • • • -• • • -• -• - -• -• -• -• -• ---• - -------• ... -.. - ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. ATTACHMENT D 3. Upon identifying failures or other shortcomings, as directed by the QSP, Risk Level 2 dischargers shall begin implementing repairs or design changes to BMPs within 72 hours of identification and complete the changes as soon as possible. 4. For each inspection required, Risk Level 2 dischargers shall complete an inspection checklist, using a form provided by the State Water Board or Regional Water Board or in an alternative format. 5. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall ensure that checklists shall remain onsite with the SWPPP and at a minimum, shall include: a. Inspection date and date the inspection report was written. b. Weather information, including presence or absence of precipitation, estimate of beginning of qualifying storm event, duration of event, time elapsed since last storm, and approximate amount of rainfall in inches. c. Site information, including stage of construction, activities completed, and approximate area of the site exposed . d. A description of any BMPs evaluated and any deficiencies noted. e. If the construction site is safely accessible during inclement weather, list the observations of all BMPs: erosion controls, sediment controls, chemical and waste controls, and non-storm water controls. Otherwise, list the results of visual inspections at all relevant outfalls, discharge points, downstream locations and any projected maintenance activities . f. Report the presence of noticeable odors or of any visible sheen on the surface of any discharges . g. Any corrective actions required, including any necessary changes to the SWPPP and the associated implementation dates. h. Photographs taken during the inspection, if any . i. Inspector's name, title, and signature. H. Rain Event Action Plan 1. Additional Risk Level 2 Requirement: The discharger shall ensure a QSP develop a Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) 48 hours prior to any 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-2006-DWQ 7 ATTACHMENT D likely precipitation event. A likely precipitation event is any weather pattern that is forecast to have a 50% or greater probability of producing precipitation in the project area. The discharger shall ensure a QSP obtain a printed copy of precipitation forecast information from the National Weather Service Forecast Office (e.g., by entering the zip code of the project's location at http://www.srh. noaa .gov/forecast). 2. Additional Risk Level 2 Requirement: The discharger shall ensure a QSP develop the REAPs for all phases of construction (i.e., Grading and Land Development, Streets and Utilities, Vertical Construction, Final Landscaping and Site Stabilization). 3. Additional Risk Level 2 Requirement: The discharger shall ensure a QSP ensure that the REAP include, at a minimum, the following site information : a. Site Address b. Calculated Risk Level (2 or 3) c. Site Storm Water Manager Information including the name, company, and 24-hour emergency telephone number d. Erosion and Sediment Control Provider information including the name, company, and 24-hour emergency telephone number e. Storm Water Sampling Agent information including the name, company, and 24-hour emergency telephone number 4. Additional Risk Level 2 Requirement: The discharger shall ensure a QSP include in the REAP, at a minimum, the following project phase information: a. Activities associated with each construction phase b. Trades active on the construction site during each construction phase c. Trade contractor information d. Suggested actions for each project phase 5. Additional Risk Level 2 Requirement: The discharger shall ensure a QSP develop additional REAPs for project sites where construction activities are indefinitely halted or postponed (Inactive Construction). At a minimum, Inactive Construction REAPs must include: a. Site Address b. Calculated Risk Level (2 or 3) c. Site Storm Water Manager Information including the name, company, and 24-hour emergency telephone number 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 201 2-2006-DWQ 8 - .... -.. -.. ... -... ... .. -.. ... .. ... -.. .. .. • .. • • ATTACHMENT D d. Erosion and Sediment Control Provider information including the name, company, and 24-hour emergency telephone number e. Storm Water Sampling Agent information including the name, company, and 24-hour emergency telephone number f. Trades active on site during Inactive Construction g. Trade contractor information h. Suggested actions for inactive construction sites 6. Additional Risk Level 2 Requirement: The discharger shall ensure a QSP begin implementation and make the REAP available onsite no later than 24 hours prior to the likely precipitation event. 7. Additional Risk Level 2 Requirement: The discharger shall ensure a QSP maintain onsite a paper copy of each REAP onsite in compliance with the record retention requirements of the Special Provisions in this General Permit. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-2006-DWQ 9 ATTACHMENT D I. Risk Level 2 Monitoring and Reporting Requirements Table 2-Summa of Monitorin Re uirements Risk Level 2 Visual Ins ons Sem le Collection Quarterly Pre-storm Non-Event Dally Post Storm Receiving storm Baseline REAP Storm Water Water l!IMP Storm Discharge Water Dlscha e X X X X X X 1. Construction Site Monitoring Program Requirements a. Pursuant to Water Code Sections 13383 and 13267, all dischargers subject to this General Permit shall develop and implement a written site-specific Construction Site Monitoring Program (CSMP) in accordance with the requirements of this Section. The CSMP shall include all monitoring procedures and instructions, location maps, forms, and checklists as required in this section. The CSMP shall be developed prior to the commencement of construction activities, and revised as necessary to reflect project revisions. The CSMP shall be a part of the Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP), included as an appendix or separate SWPPP chapter. b. Existing dischargers registered under the State Water Board Order No. 99-08-DWQ shall make and implement necessary revisions to their Monitoring Program to reflect the changes in this General Permit in a timely manner, but no later than July 1, 2010. Existing dischargers shall continue to implement their existing Monitoring Programs in compliance with State Water Board Order No. 99-08- DWQ until the necessary revisions are completed according to the schedule above. c. When a change of ownership occurs for all or any portion of the construction site prior to completion or final stabilization, the new discharger shall comply with these requirements as of the date the ownership change occurs. 2. Objectives The CSMP shall be developed and implemented to address the following objectives: a. To demonstrate that the site is in compliance with the Discharge Prohibitions and applicable Numeric Action Levels (NALs). 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-2006-DWQ 10 .. ... -.. -.. - -... -.. - ... .. -.. - ATTACHMENT D b. To determine whether non-visible pollutants are present at the construction site and are causing or contributing to exceedances of water quality objectives. c. To determine whether immediate corrective actions, additional Best Management Practice (BMP) implementation, or SWPPP revisions are necessary to reduce pollutants in storm water discharges and authorized non-storm water discharges. d. To determine whether BMPs included in the SWPPP/Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) are effective in preventing or reducing pollutants in storm water discharges and authorized non-storm water discharges. 3. Risk Level 2 -Visual Monitoring (Inspection) Requirements for Qualifying Rain Events a. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall visually observe (inspect) storm water discharges at all discharge locations within two business days (48 hours) after each qualifying rain event. b. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall visually observe (inspect) the discharge of stored or contained storm water that is derived from and discharged subsequent to a qualifying rain event producing precipitation of½ inch or more at the time of discharge. Stored or contained storm water that will likely discharge after operating hours due to anticipated precipitation shall be observed prior to the discharge during operating hours. c. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall conduct visual observations (inspections) during business hours only. d. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall record the time, date and rain gauge reading of all qualifying rain events. e. Within 2 business days (48 hours) prior to each qualifying rain event, Risk Level 2 dischargers shall visually observe (inspect): i. all storm water drainage areas to identify any spills, leaks, or uncontrolled pollutant sources. If needed, the discharger shall implement appropriate corrective actions . ii. all BMPs to identify whether they have been properly implemented in accordance with the SWPPP/REAP. If needed, the discharger shall implement appropriate corrective actions . 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-2006-DWQ .. 11 - ATTACHMENT D iii. any storm water storage and containment areas to detect leaks and ensure maintenance of adequate freeboard. f. For the visual observations (inspections) described in c.i and c.iii above, Risk Level 2 dischargers shall observe the presence or absence of floating and suspended materials, a sheen on the surface, discolorations, turbidity, odors, and source(s) of any observed pollutants. g. Within two business days (48 hours) after each qualifying rain event, Risk Level 2 dischargers shall conduct post rain event visual observations (inspections) to (1) identify whether BMPs were adequately designed, implemented, and effective, and (2) identify additional BMPs and revise the SWPPP accordingly. h. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall maintain on-site records of all visual observations (inspections), personnel performing the observations, observation dates, weather conditions, locations observed, and corrective actions taken in response to the observations. 4. Risk Level 2 -Water Quality Sampling and Analysis a. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall collect storm water grab samples from sampling locations, as defined in Section 1.5. The storm water grab sample(s) obtained shall be representative of the flow and characteristics of the discharge. b. At minimum, Risk Level 2 dischargers shall collect 3 samples per day of the qualifying event. c. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall ensure that the grab samples collected of stored or contained storm water are from discharges subsequent to a qualifying rain event (producing precipitation of ½ inch or more at the time of discharge). Storm Water Effluent Monitoring Requirements d. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall analyze their effluent samples for: i. pH and turbidity. ii. Any additional parameters for which monitoring is required by the Regional Water Board. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-2006-DWQ 12 -• -• • • ---• -• -• --• -• ---• -• -• --• ------ .. ... -.. .. - .. - ---... ... .. .. .. ... ... -.. - ATTACHMENT D 5. Risk Level 2 -Storm Water Discharge Water Quality Sampling Locations Effluent Sampling Locations a. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall perform sampling and analysis of storm water discharges to characterize discharges associated with construction activity from the entire project disturbed area. b. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall collect effluent samples at all discharge points where storm water is discharged off-site. c. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall ensure that storm water discharge collected and observed represent4 the effluent in each drainage area based on visual observation of the water and upstream conditions. d. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall monitor and report site run-on from surrounding areas if there is reason to believe run-on may contribute to an exceedance of NALs . e. Risk Level 2 dischargers who deploy an ATS on their site, or a portion on their site, shall collect ATS effluent samples and measurements from the discharge pipe or another location representative of the nature of the discharge. f. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall select analytical test methods from the list provided in Table 3 below. g. All storm water sample collection preservation and handling shall be conducted in accordance with Section I. 7 "Storm Water Sample Collection and Handling Instructions" below . 6. Risk Level 2 -Visual Observation and Sample Collection Exemptions a. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall be prepared to collect samples and conduct visual observation (inspections) until the minimum requirements of Sections 1.3 and 1.4 above are completed. Risk Level 2 dischargers are not required to physically collect samples or conduct visual observation (inspections) under the following conditions: 4 For example, if there has been concrete work recently in an area, or drywall scrap is exposed to the rain, a pH sample shall be taken of drainage from the relevant work area. Similarly, if sediment laden water is flowing through some parts of a silt fence, samples shall be taken of the sediment-laden water even if most water flowing through the fence is clear. 2009-0009-OWQ amended by 2010-0014-OWQ & 2012-2006-OWQ ... 13 ATTACHMENT D i. During dangerous weather conditions such as flooding and electrical storms. ii. Outside of scheduled site business hours. b. If no required samples or visual observation (inspections) are collected due to these exceptions, Risk Level 2 dischargers shall include an explanation in their SWPPP and in the Annual Report documenting why the sampling or visual observation (inspections) were not conducted. 7. Risk Level 2-Storm Water Sample Collection and Handling Instructions a. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall refer to Table 3 below for test methods, detection limits, and reporting units. b. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall ensure that testing laboratories will receive samples within 48 hours of the physical sampling (unless otherwise required by the laboratory), and shall use only the sample containers provided by the laboratory to collect and store samples. c. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall designate and train personnel to collect, maintain, and ship samples in accordance with the Surface Water Ambient Monitoring Program's (SWAMP) 2008 Quality Assurance Program Plan (QAPrP).5 8. Risk Level 2 -Monitoring Methods a. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall include a description of the following items in the CSMP: i. Visual observation locations, visual observation procedures, and visual observation follow-up and tracking procedures. ii. Sampling locations, and sample collection and handling procedures. This shall include detailed procedures for sample collection, storage, preservation, and shipping to the testing lab to assure that consistent quality control and quality assurance is maintained. Dischargers shall attach to the monitoring program 5 Additional information regarding SWAMP's QAPrP can be found at http://www.waterboards.ca.govlwater issues/programs/swamp/. QAPrP:http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water issues/programs/swampldocs/qapp/swamp gapp master090 108a.pdf. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 201 2-2006-DWQ 14 - ... -.. - - .. - ... -.. .. -.. .. .. ... ... .. ATTACHMENT D an example Chain of Custody form used when handling and shipping samples. iii. Identification of the analytical methods and related method detection limits (if applicable) for each parameter required in Section 1.4 above . b. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall ensure that all sampling and sample preservation are in accordance with the current edition of "Standard Methods for the Examination of Water and Wastewater" (American Public Health Association). All monitoring instruments and equipment (including a discharger's own field instruments for measuring pH and turbidity) should be calibrated and maintained in accordance with manufacturers' specifications to ensure accurate measurements. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall ensure that all laboratory analyses are conducted according to test procedures under 40 CFR Part 136, unless other test procedures have been specified in this General Permit or by the Regional Water Board. With the exception of field analysis conducted by the discharger for turbidity and pH, all analyses should be sent to and conducted at a laboratory certified for such analyses by the State Department of Health Services. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall conduct their own field analysis of pH and may conduct their own field analysis of turbidity if the discharger has sufficient capability (qualified and trained employees, properly calibrated and maintained field instruments, etc.) to adequately perform the field analysis . 9. Risk Level 2 -Analytical Methods a. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall refer to Table 3 below for test methods, detection limits, and reporting units . b. pH: Risk Level 2 dischargers shall perform pH analysis on-site with a calibrated pH meter or a pH test kit. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall record pH monitoring results on paper and retain these records in accordance with Section 1.14, below. c. Turbidity: Risk Level 2 dischargers shall perform turbidity analysis using a calibrated turbidity meter (turbidimeter), either on-site or at an accredited lab. Acceptable test methods include Standard Method 2130 or USEPA Method 180.1. The results will be recorded in the site log book in Nephelometric Turbidity Units (NTU). 10. Risk Level 2 -Non-Storm Water Discharge Monitoring Requirements 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-2006-DWQ 15 ATTACHMENT D a. Visual Monitoring Requirements: i. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall visually observe (inspect) each drainage area for the presence of (or indications of prior) unauthorized and authorized non-storm water discharges and their sources. ii. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall conduct one visual observation (inspection) quarterly in each of the following periods: January- March, April-June, July-September, and October-December. Visual observation (inspections) are only required during daylight hours (sunrise to sunset). iii. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall ensure that visual observations (inspections) document the presence or evidence of any non- storm water discharge (authorized or unauthorized), pollutant characteristics (floating and suspended material, sheen, discoloration, turbidity, odor, etc.), and source. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall maintain on-site records indicating the personnel performing the visual observation (inspections), the dates and approximate time each drainage area and non-storm water discharge was observed, and the response taken to eliminate unauthorized non-storm water discharges and to reduce or prevent pollutants from contacting non-storm water discharges. b. Effluent Sampling Locations: i. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall sample effluent at all discharge points where non-storm water and/or authorized non-storm water is discharged off-site. ii. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall send all non-storm water sample analyses to a laboratory certified for such analyses by the State Department of Health Services. iii. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall monitor and report run-on from surrounding areas if there is reason to believe run-on may contribute to an exceedance of NALs. 11. Risk Level 2 -Non-Visible Pollutant Monitoring Requirements a. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall collect one or more samples during any breach, malfunction, leakage, or spill observed during a visual 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-2006-DWQ 16 --- ---• ----- -• • -• -• • -• -• -• .. • -• • -• .. ... .. .. .. ... .. ... .. ... ... .. ... ... "' ---.. .. .. ATTACHMENT D inspection which could result in the discharge of pollutants to surface waters that would not be visually detectable in storm water . b. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall ensure that water samples are large enough to characterize the site conditions. c. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall collect samples at all discharge locations that can be safely accessed . d. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall collect samples during the first two hours of discharge from rain events that occur during business hours and which generate runoff . e. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall analyze samples for all non-visible pollutant parameters (if applicable) -parameters indicating the presence of pollutants identified in the pollutant source assessment required (Risk Level 2 dischargers shall modify their CSMPs to address these additional parameters in accordance with any updated SWPPP pollutant source assessment). f. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall collect a sample of storm water that has not come in contact with the disturbed soil or the materials stored or used on-site (uncontaminated sample) for comparison with the discharge sample . g. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall compare the uncontaminated sample to the samples of discharge using field analysis or through laboratory analysis.6 h. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall keep all field /or analytical data in the SWPPP document. 12. Risk Level 2 -Watershed Monitoring Option Risk Level 2 dischargers who are part of a qualified regional watershed-based monitoring program may be eligible for relief from the requirements in Sections 1.5. The Regional Water Board may approve proposals to substitute an acceptable watershed-based monitoring program by determining if the watershed-based monitoring program will provide substantially similar monitoring information in evaluating discharger compliance with the requirements of this General Permit. 6 For laboratory analysis, all sampling, sample preservation, and analyses must be conducted according to test procedures under 40 CFR Part 136. Field discharge samples shall be collected and analyzed according to the specifications of the manufacturer of the sampling devices employed . 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-2006-DWQ 17 ATTACHMENT D 13. Risk Level 2 -Particle Size Analysis for Project Risk Justification Risk Level 2 dischargers justifying an alternative project risk shall report a soil particle size analysis used to determine the RUSLE K-Factor. ASTM D-422 (Standard Test Method for Particle-Size Analysis of Soils), as revised, shall be used to determine the percentages of sand, very fine sand, silt, and clay on the site. 14. Risk Level 2 -Records Risk Level 2 dischargers shall retain records of all storm water monitoring information and copies of all reports (including Annual Reports) for a period of at least three years. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall retain all records on-site while construction is ongoing. These records include: a. The date, place, time of facility inspections, sampling, visual observation (inspections), and/or measurements, including precipitation. b. The individual(s) who performed the facility inspections, sampling, visual observation (inspections), and or measurements. c. The date and approximate time of analyses. d. The individual(s) who performed the analyses. e. A summary of all analytical results from the last three years, the method detection limits and reporting units, the analytical techniques or methods used, and the chain of custody forms. f. Rain gauge readings from site inspections; g. Quality assurance/quality control records and results. h. Non-storm water discharge inspections and visual observation (inspections) and storm water discharge visual observation records ( see Sections 1.3 and 1.10 above). i. Visual observation and sample collection exception records (see Section 1.6 above). j. The records of any corrective actions and follow-up activities that resulted from analytical results, visual observation (inspections), or inspections. 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-2006-DWQ 18 -• ., • -• • • -• ---• --• -• -• -• -• • --------- -.. .. .. - .., -----... -.... -... -.. -.. -- --... - - - ATTACHMENT D 15. Risk Level 2 -NAL Exceedance Report a. In the event that any effluent sample exceeds an applicable NAL, Risk Level 2 dischargers shall electronically submit all storm event sampling results to the State Water Board no later than 10 days after the conclusion of the storm event. The Regional Boards have the authority to require the submittal of an NAL Exceedance Report. b. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall certify each NAL Exceedance Report in accordance with the Special Provisions for Construction Activity. c. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall retain an electronic or paper copy of each NAL Exceedance Report for a minimum of three years after the date the annual report is filed. d. Risk Level 2 dischargers shall include in the NAL Exceedance Report: i. The analytical method(s), method reporting unit(s), and method detection limit(s) of each analytical parameter (analytical results that are less than the method detection limit shall be reported as "less than the method detection limit"). ii. The date, place, time of sampling, visual observation (inspections), and/or measurements, including precipitation. iii. A description of the current BMPs associated with the effluent sample that exceeded the NAL and the proposed corrective actions taken . 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-2006-DWQ .. 19 -- ATTACHMENT D Table 3 -Risk Level 2 T Methods, Detection Limits, R rtina Unit d Applicable NALs/NEL Parameter Test Method / Discharge Min. Reporting Numeric Action Protocol Type Detection Units Level Limit pH Field test with calibrated lower NAL = 6.5 portable Risk Level 2 0.2 pH un its upper NAL = 8.5 instrument Discharges Turbidity EPA 0180.1 Risk Level 2 and/or field test Discharges 1 NTU 250 NTU with calibrated other than portable ATS instrument For ATS 1 NTU N/A discharqes 2009-0009-DWQ amended by 2010-0014-DWQ & 2012-2006-DWQ 20 10 Ways To Avoid NPDES Phase D Fines 0 ',ubn111 .1 \onl'C nf ln1cn1 bc:fon: ,umn11 ,rnr~ A OhcJm JO \ POF', pcmm bdnn: ,umn;( V ,11)rl. 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