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HomeMy WebLinkAboutPUD 92-02; Tuscany Village; Planned Unit Development - Non-Residential (PUD) (4)r \ •\ BYLAWS N OP TUSCANY VILLAGE OWNERS' ASSOCIATION, INC. Table of Contents Article Page 1 Definitions 1 2 Functions of the Association 1 2.1 Purpose l 2.2 Assessments 1 3 Membership 1 3.1 Members 1 3.2 Transfer of Membership 2 3.3 Notice of Transfer 2 4 Meetings of Members 2 4.1 Place of Meetings 2 4.2 Annual (Regular) Meetings 3 4.3 Special Meetings 3 4.4 Notice of Meetings 4 4.5 Consent To, Approval Of or Attendance At Member's Meetings 5 4.6 Action by Written Bal 6 4.7 Quorum 6 5 Voting Rights 7 5.1 Members' Right To Vote 7 5.2 Classes of Voting Members 8 5.3 Voting Rights; Required Vote; Cumulative Voting 8 5.4 Proxies 8 6 Directors; Management 9 6.1 General Powers 9 6.2 Specific Powers 10 6.3 Duties of a Director of the Association ... 12 6.4 Contracts 13 6.5 Limitations on Powers of the Board of Directors 14 6.6 Management Contracts and Easements 15 - i - 6.7 Delegation of Powers 15 6.8 Number 15 6.9 Requirement that Each Condominium be Represented on the Board of Directors 15 6.10 Nomination 16 6.11 Election and Term of Office 16 6.12 Vacancies 16 6.13 Place of Meetings 17 6.14 Organizational Meetings; Notice 17 6.15 Other Regular Meetings; Notice 18 6.16 Special Meetings; Notice 18 6.17 Conference Calls 19 6.18 Adjournment. 19 6.19 Quorum; Required Vote 19 6.20 Open Meetings; Executive Sessions 19 6.21 Action By Unanimous Written Consent 20 6.22 Provisional and Substitute Directors 20 7 Officers 21 7.1 Officers 21 7.2 Appointment 21 7.3 Removal and Resignation 21 7.4 Vacancies 21 7.5 President 21 7.6 Vice President 22 7.7 Secretary 22 7.8 Chief Financial Officer 22 8 Committees 23 9 Association Records and Reports; Inspection ... 23 9.1 Records 23 9.2 Inspection of Books and Records 24 9.3 Certification and Inspection of Bylaws .... 24 9.4 Checks, Drafts, Etc 24 9.5 Contracts, Etc.; How Executed 24 9.6 Annual Budget 24 9.7 Initial Financial Report 25 9.8 Annual Report 25 9.9 Statement of Policies and Practices 26 9.10 Operating and Reserve Accounts 27 10 Corporate Seal 27 11 Amendments to Bylaws 27 11.1 By Members 27 11.2 Modification of Voting Rights 28 11.3 No Amendment By Board of Directors 28 11.4 Record of Amendments 28 12 Amendments to Articles 28 12.1 Amendments 28 12.2 Record of Amendments 28 13 Supremacy of Declaration 28 - iii - BYLAWS OP TUSCANY VILLAGE OWNERS' ASSOCIATION, INC. ARTICLE 1 - Definitions The terms used herein shall have the same meaning as given to said terms in the TUSCANY VILLAGE CONDOMINIUMS DECLARATION OF COVENANTS, CONDITIONS AND RESTRICTIONS recorded , 19 , File/Page No. - , Official Records of San Diego County, California (hereinafter referred to as "Declaration"), as the same may from time to time be amended. ARTICLE 2 - Functions of the Association 2.1 Purpose. The Association shall act as a "management body" for the management, preservation, maintenance, architectural control and improvement of the Condominiums as such is defined by the TUSCANY VILLAGE CONDOMINIUM PLAN recorded ,19 , File/Page No. - , Official Records of San Diego County, California (hereinafter referred to as the "Condo Plan"). Anything to the contrary not withstanding, the Association may exercise the powers granted to a nonprofit mutual benefit corporation as enumerated in Section 7140 of the California Corporations Code, Section 374 of the California Code of Civil Procedure and section 1350 and following of the California Civil Code, otherwise referred to as the Davis- Stirling Common Interest Development Act. The Association is subject to the limitations, covenants, conditions, restrictions, terms and provisions of the Declaration. 2.2 Assessments. Pursuant to the Article of the Declaration entitled "Assessments," it shall be the duty of the Board of Directors to fix, alter, collect and enforce assessments upon Owners. Each Owner shall be liable to pay to the Association each assessment levied upon such Owner's Condominium under the provisions of the Declaration. ARTICLE 3 - Membership 3.1 Members. The Association shall have one class of Members only, and the property and other rights, interests and - 1 - privileges of each Member in good standing shall be equal, except that there shall be two classes of Members for the purpose of voting as set forth in Article 5 hereof. Each Owner shall hold only one membership in the Association. No certificate of membership, identity card or other documents evidencing membership in the Association shall be issued except by resolution of the Board of Directors and in conformance with California Corporations Code sections 7313 and 7314. 3.2 Transfer of Membership. Each Owner shall be and become a Member of the Association contemporaneously with its acquisition of fee title to a Condominium (whether such acquisition occurs by (i) conveyance of a Condominium by Declarant, (ii) voluntary transfer, assignment of conveyance of a Condominium, (iii) involuntary transfer of a Condominium, including without limitation by reason of the death of an Owner, or (iv) foreclosure by trustee's power of sale or by judicial process of a deed of trust or other lien on a Condominium), without necessity of documentation or other action of any kind by any person. 3.2.1 When two or more persons hold joint title to a Condominium, no matter in what form, they shall constitute a single Member. Prior to the conveyance of a Condominium by Declarant, Declarant shall be the Member as to such condominium. Transfer of membership in the Association shall be only by the means specified in paragraph 3.2 hereinabove. 3.3 Notice of Transfer. It shall be the responsibility of the Members to notify the Association of any proposed tranfer in Ownership of a Condominium. The Association shall, within a reasonable time after the Association is first notified of a proposed transfer and before the membership is transferred on the books and records of the Association, provide to the transferee, at its cost, copies of the Association's Articles of Incorporation; Bylaws; Covenants, Conditions and Restrictions; and any rules or regulations enacted by the Board of Director's of the Association, as well as, copies of any other nonprivledged documents it is then required by law to provide to a prospective transferee. ARTICLE 4 - Meetings of Members 4.1 Place of Meetings. All meetings of Members shall be held within in the Project or at such other place in San Diego County, California, in reasonable proximity to the Project, as may be designated for that purpose from time to time by the Board of Directors. Unless unusual conditions exist, as determined solely by the Board of Directors, Members' meetings shall not be held outside of said county. - 2 - 4.2 Annual (Regular) Meetings. A regular meeting of Members shall be held annually. The first annual meeting of Members shall be held on such date and at such time as shall be designated by the Board of Directors, which date shall be within 45 days after the sale and conveyance by Declarant of a majority of the Condominiums in the Project, but in no event later than six months after the sale and conveyance by Declarant of the first Condominium in the Project. Subsequent annual meetings of Members shall be held on the anniversary of the first annual meeting of Members, unless such date falls on a legal holiday or Sunday, in which case the annual meeting of Members may be scheduled on any day within a one week period preceeding or following the anniversary date, and shall be held at such time and in such place as may be designated by the Board of Directors. 4.2.1 At the annual meeting, Members shall elect a Board of Directors, consider reports of the affairs of the Association and transact such other business as may properly be brought before the Meeting. 4.3 Special Meetings. Special meetings of the Members, for any lawful purpose or purposes whatsoever, shall be called by the Board of Directors upon (i) the vote for such a meeting by a majority of the Board of Directors or (ii) receipt by the Board of Directors of a written request for such a meeting signed by any member of the Association. 4.3.1 Notwithstanding the provisions of Paragraph 4.4 hereinbelow to the contrary, if a special meeting of Members is requested in writing by any Member and such request is delivered by first-class, registered or certified mail to the chairman of the Board of Directors, president, vice president or secretary of the Association, it shall be the duty of the officer(s) receiving such request to cause notice to be given to all Members that a special meeting will be held at a time fixed by the Board of Directors not less than 35 nor more than 90 days after the receipt of the request; provided, however, if a special meeting is called to enforce the obligations under a bond obtained to secure completion of improvements in and to the Units or Common area, pursuant to Section 2792.4 of Title 10 of the California Administrative Code, such a meeting will be held at a time fixed by the Board of Directors not less than 35 nor more than 45 days after receipt of the request. If said notice is not given by an officer of the Association within 20 days after receipt of the request, the Member so requesting the special meeting may fix the date and time of the meeting and give notice thereof in the manner provided by this Bylaws. The date of any meeting fixed by a Member as hereinabove provided shall be at such time in the future as will permit adherence to the notice requirements set forth in Paragraph 4.4 and following. - 3 - 4.4 Notice of Meetings. Written notice for meetings called by the Board of Directors, whether annual or special, shall be given to Members who are entitled to vote at such meetings not less than ten days nor more than 90 days before the date of such meeting; provided, however, that, if notice is given by mail and the notice is not mailed by first-class, registered or certified mail, notice shall be given not less than 20 days before the meeting. Notice of any meeting of Members, whether annual or special and whether called by the Board of Directors or by Members entitled to call a meeting of Members, shall specify the place, the date and time of the meeting and (i) in case of a special meeting, the general nature of the business to be transacted and that no other business may be transacted, or (ii) in the case of an annual meeting, those matters which the Board of Directors, at the time notice is given, intends to present for action by the Members; provided, however, notwithstanding the foregoing, any proper matter may be presented for action by the Members at an annual meeting. The notice of any meeting at which directors of the Association are to be elected shall include the names of all those who are nominees for election to the Board of Directors at the time notice is given to Members. 4.4.1 Notices of meetings, whether annual or special, shall be given by the Board of Directors, or in the case of neglect or refusal by the Board of Directors, by any officer, director or Member. All notices shall be given either personally or by mail or other means of written communication sent to the address of each Member appearing on the books of the Association or to the address supplied by such Member to the Association for the purpose of receiving notice. A notice mailed or delivered as part of a newsletter, magazine or other circular regularly sent to Members shall constitute written notice when addressed and mailed or delivered to the Member or, in the case of Members who are residents of the same household and who have the same address on the books of the Association, when addressed and mailed or delivered to one of such Members, at the address appearing on the books of the Association. 4.4.2 If any notice, report or statement addressed to a Member at the address appearing on the books of the Association is returned to the Association by the United States Postal Service marked to indicate that the United States Postal Service is unable to deliver the notice, report or statement to the Member at such an address, all future notices, reports or statements shall be deemed to have been duly given without further mailing. The Association shall make available to any Member upon written demand of the Member a copy of any such notice, report or statement for a period of one year from the date the same notice, report or statement was given to all other Members. - 4 - 4.4.3 When a Members1 meeting, either annual or special, is adjourned to another time or place, notice of the adjourned meeting need not be given if the time and place thereof are announced at the meeting which is adjourned. A meeting adjourned for lack of quorum by those in attendance shall be set for a date not less than five days nor more than thirty days from the original meeting date. If (i) a time and place for the adjourned meeting are not fixed by those in attendance at the original meeting, (ii) for any reason a new date is fixed for the adjourned meeting after adjournment, or (iii) the adjournment is for a period of more than 30 days, notice of the time and place of the adjourned meeting shall be given to Members in the manner prescribed for annual meetings as set forth above. At such adjourned meeting the Association may transact any business which might have been transacted at the original meeting. 4.5 Consent To. Approval Of or Attendance At Member's Meetings. The transactions of any meeting of Members, whether annual or special, however called or noticed, shall be valid as though having occurred at a meeting held after regular call and notice if a quorum is present either in person or by proxy, and if, either before or after the meeting, each Member entitled to vote thereat not present in person or by proxy, signs a (i) written consent to the holding of such meeting or (ii) written approval of the minutes thereof. All such consents or approvals shall be filed with the records of the Association or made part of the minutes of the meeting. Attendance of a Member at a meeting shall constitute a waiver of such Member's right to notice of and presence at such meeting, except when the Member objects at the beginning of the meeting to the transaction of any business because the meeting is not a waiver of any right to object to the consideration of matters required to be included in the notice but not so included, if such objection is expressly made at the meeting. 4.5.1 Neither the business to be transacted at nor the purpose of any annual or special meeting of Members need be specified in any written waiver of notice, consent to the holding of such meeting, or approval of the minutes of such meetings, unless such approval is sought (i) to remove any or all directors of the Association, (ii) to reduce the number of directors of the Association authorized in the Bylaws, (iii) to fill vacancies on the Board of Directors, (iv) to approve contracts entered into by the Association with members of the Board of Directors or with any corporation, business or association in which a member(s) of the Board of Directors holds a material financial interest, (v) to amend the Articles, except those certain amendments specified at Section 7812 of the California Corporations Code, (vi) to wind up and dissolve the Association, or (vii) to approve a plan of distribution and liquidation of the Association assets, in which case, the general - 5 - nature of the proposal must be stated in the request for waiver of notice or consent. 4.6 Action by Written Ballot. Any action which may be taken at any annual or special meeting of Members, except for an election in which positions on the Board of Directors are to be filled, may be taken without a meeting if the Association distributes a written ballot to every Member entitled to vote on the matter. Such ballot shall (i) set forth the proposed action, (ii) indicate the number of responses needed to meet the quorum requirement, (iii) provide an opportunity to specify approval or disapproval of any proposal, (iv) state the percentage of approvals necessary to pass the proposal, (v) provide that where the Member solicited specifies a choice with respect to the proposal the vote shall be cast in accordance therewith, (vi) provide a reasonable time within which to return the ballot to the Association, and (vii) specify the time by which the ballot must be received in order to be counted. 4.6.1 Written ballots shall be solicited in a manner consistent with the requirements of Paragraph 4.4.1. Approval of an action by written ballot pursuant to this paragraph shall be valid only when (i) the number of votes cast by ballot, within the time period specified, equals or exceeds the quorum required to be present at a meeting authorizing the action, and (ii) the number of approvals equals or exceeds the number of votes that would be required to approve at a meeting at which the total number of votes cast was the same as the number of votes cast by ballot. A validly exercised and cast written ballot may not be revoked. 4.7 Quorum. The presence in person or by proxy of Members entitled to exercise a majority of the voting power of the Association shall constitute a quorum at all meetings of Members for the transaction of business there at. Members present at a duly called or held meeting at which a quorum is present may continue to do business until adjournment, notwithstanding the withdrawal of enough Members to leave less than a quorum, provided any action taken (other than adjournment) is approved by at least a majority of the number of Members required to constitute a quorum. 4.7.1 In the absence of a quorum at the commencement of any meeting of Members, the Members entitled to vote there at, present in person or by proxy, shall have the power, by the vote of a majority of the votes represented, to adjourn the meeting to another time until the requisite number of Members shall be present or represented, but no other business may be transacted; provided, however, that any such adjournment shall be to a date not less than five and not more than thirty days from the date of the originally scheduled meeting. - 6 - ARTICLE 5 - Voting Rights 5.1 Members' Right To Vote. Only persons who are Members of the Association shall be entitled to vote at a meeting of Members. 5.2 Classes of Voting Members. Members shall be divided into two classes for the purpose of voting: Class A and Class B. All Owners, except Declarant, shall be Class A Member(s), and said Class A Member(s) shall be entitled to one vote for each Condominium owned. The lone Class B Member shall be Declarant, who shall be entitled to three votes for each Condominium owned. Declarant's Class B voting status shall cease and convert to Class A voting status when the total votes out- standing in Class A equal the total votes outstanding in Class B. 5.2.1 If record title to a Condominium is held in the name of more than one person, such persons shall collectively constitute a single Member and there shall be only one vote attributable to such Member (unless such Member is Declarant, in which case such Member shall have the number of votes attributable to Declarant as set forth in paragraph 5.2). Each of such persons collectively constituting a single Member shall otherwise be individually entitled to the benefits of membership in the Association, including the right to serve on the Board of Directors of the Association. The manner of casting and counting votes of the Members shall be controlled by the provisions of Paragraph 5.3 and following of these Bylaws. 5.3 Voting Rights; Required Vote; Cumulative Voting. On all matters, including the election of directors of the Association, a Member shall have the number of votes as set forth in paragraph 5.2 hereinabove for each Condominium owned by said Member. 5.3.1 When a quorum is present at any regular or special meeting of the Members, the affirmative vote of a majority of the Members of each voting class of the Association present shall be required to transact any business there at, except (i) where the item of business is the enforcement of the obligations under a bond or other arrangement pursuant to the Article of the Declaration entitled "Declarant's Security for its Obligations" or (ii) as may be otherwise provided in these Bylaws, the Articles or the Declaration, which requires the super-majority vote specified in such Article of the Declarations or the Bylaws or Articles of Incorporation. 5.3.2 Every Member entitled to vote at any election of the Board of Directors may cumulate its votes and give one candidate a number of votes equal to the number of directors to be elected multiplied by the number of votes to which it is entitled or distribute its votes on the same - 7 - principle among as many candidates as it may desire. Cumulative voting shall be required in all elections in which more than two positions on the Board of Directors are to be filled. Notwithstanding the foregoing, no Member shall be entitled to cumulate votes for a candidate or candidates unless such candidate's name or candidates' names have been placed in nomination prior to the voting and the Member has given notice at the meeting, prior to the voting, of the Member's intention to cumulate votes. If any one Member has given such notice, all Members may cumulate their votes for candidates in nomination. The candidates receiving the highest number of votes up to the number of directors to be elected shall be elected directors of the Association. 5.3.3 For as along as (i) a majority of the voting power of the Association resides in Declarant or (ii) there are two outstanding classes of Members for the purpose of voting as set forth in Article 5 hereof, Declarant shall not be entitled to vote in the election of just one director. 5.3.4 If a membership stands of record in the names of two or more persons, whether in fiduciaries, members of a partnership, joint tenants, tenants in common, husband and wife as community property, tenants by the entirety, persons entitled to vote under a voting agreement or otherwise, or if two or more persons (including proxies) have the same fiduciary relationship respecting the same membership, unless the secretary of the Association is given written notice to the contrary and is furnished with a copy of the instrument or order appointing them or creating the relationship wherein it is so provided, their acts with respect to voting shall have the following effect: (i) if only one votes, such act binds all, (ii) if two vote and such votes are different, they shall cancel each other out, and (iii) if more than two vote, the act of the majority so voting binds all. 5.4 Proxies. Every Member entitled to vote or to authorize action may do so either in person or by one or more agents authorized by a written proxy executed by such Member and filed with the secretary of the Association. No proxy shall be valid after the expiration of eleven months from the date thereof unless otherwise provided in the proxy. Notwithstanding the foregoing, the maximum term of any proxy shall be three years from the date of execution. Every proxy continues in full force and effect until revoked by the person executing it and on the condition that such revocation is made prior to the vote pursuant thereto, except as otherwise provided in this article. Such revocation may be effected by a writing delivered to the Association stating that the proxy is revoked or by a subsequent proxy executed by the person executing the prior proxy and presented to the meeting or, as to any meeting, by attendance at such meeting and voting in person by the person executing the - 8 - proxy. The date contained on a proxy presumptively determines its order of execution. If there is more than one proxy for a Member and neigher is dated, neigher shall be valid. If there is more than one proxy for a Member and only one is dated, the dated proxy shall be presumed to superceed the undated one, unless the undated proxy specifically revokes power given to the person holding the dated proxy. 5.4.1 Anything herein to the contrary notwith- standing, any revocable proxy covering matters requiring a vote of the Members with respect to (i) the removal of directors, (ii) the election of a director(s) to fill any vacancy(ies) on the Board of Directors, (iii) amendment of the Articles, (iv) amendment of these Bylaws repealing, restricting, creating or expanding proxy rights, (v) the wind-up and dissolution of the Association, (vi) the approval of a contract or transaction between the Association and (a) one or more of the Association's directors, (b) a corporation, firm or association in which one or more of the Association's directors has a material financial interest, or (c) any corporation, business corporation or association of which one or more of its directors is also a director of the Association, or (vii) any other matters specifically set forth in California Corporations Code section 7613(g) is not valid as to such matters unless it sets forth the general nature of the matter to be voted on. In addition, any proxy distributed by a Member(s) to the Association membership shall provide an opportunity to specify approval or disapproval of each matter to be acted upon, and shall provide that where a Member specifies a choice, the vote shall be cast accordingly. 5.4.2 If a proxy or written ballot pertaining to the election of directors for the Association indicates that the Member is withholding his or her authority to vote for the election of directors, such proxy or written ballot may not be used to vote for or against the election of a director. 5.4.3 A proxy is not revoked by the death or incapacity of the maker or the termination of a membership as a result thereof unless, before the vote is counted, written notice of such death or incapacity is received by the Association. ARTICLE 6 - Directors; Management 6.1 General Powers. Subject to the limitations of the Declaration, the Articles, these Bylaws and the laws of the State of California as to action to be authorized or approved by Members, or by a majority of all Members, all Association power shall be exercised by or under authority of, and the business and affairs of the Association shall be controlled by, the Board of - 9 - Directors. The Board of Directors may delegate the management of the activities of the Association to any person or persons, management company or committee however composed, provided that the activities and affairs of the Association shall be managed and all Association powers shall be exercised under the ultimate direction of the Board of Directors. 6.2 Specific Powers. In addition to the general powers described above, the Board of Directors shall have the following specific powers: (i) To adopt rules and regulations not inconsistent with the provisions of the Declaration and these Bylaws, including, but not limited to, rules and regulations relating to the use of and activities permitted in the Common Area; (ii) To review, approve or deny all plans and specifications, as such is defined in Article 6 of the Declaration, and otherwise control the construction, maintaince, repair or replacement of all structures and landscaping, including but not limited to: buidings, sheds, patios and covers, gazebos, garages, storage structures, pools, spas, recreational facilities, fences, walls, walkways and landscaping, constructed, repaired or replaced within any Unit, as such is defined by the Condo Plan, and in accordance with the provisions regarding architectural control set forth in Article 6 of the Declaration; (iii) To maintain bank account(s) for funds coming under the control of the Association, including, but not limited to, Operating Accounts and Reserve Accounts, as defined hereinbelow; (iv) To levy annual and special assessments and otherwise act as set forth in, and subject to the provisions of, the Declaration, the Articles and these Bylaws: (v) To enforce the provisions of the Articles, the Declaration, these Bylaws, and any other instruments for the management and control of the Project; however, nothing contained in this article shall be construed to prohibit enforcement of these instruments by any Owner; (vi) To contract for and maintain (a) fire, casualty, liability, worker's compensation, medical, hospital, directors' and officers' liability and other insurance insuring Owners, directors, officers and employees of the Association and other persons and (b) bonds covering the acts of directors, officers and employees of the Association and other persons; - 10 - (vii) To contract, provide and pay for (a) maintenance, utilities, and other services benefiting the Units or Common Area, or (b) legal or accounting services; (viii) To contract for and purchase tools, equipment, materials, supplies and other personal property and services for (a) maintenance and repair of the Common Area and (b) construction, maintenance and repair of improvements to the Project, including the Units if authorized by these Bylaws or the Declaration; (ix) To contract for and pay for reconstruction of any portion(s) of the Project damaged or destroyed if authorized by these Bylaws or the Declaration; (x) To enter, at a reasonable time, any Unit, as such is defined in the Condo Plan, if necessary for construction, maintaince or repair of such Unit and for which the Association has rights hereunder; (xi) To pay taxes which would be a lien upon the entire Project or the Common Area or any portion thereof, and to pay and discharge any lien or encumbrance levied against the entire Project or the Common Area or any portion thereof; (xii) To make available to, and reproduce upon the written request of, any Owner or authorized agent thereof, any first Mortgagee, and the holders, insurers and guarantors of a first Mortgage on any Condominium, current copies of the Articles, Bylaws, Declaration, rules governing the Project, and other books, records and financial statements of the Association. The Board of Directors shall make the aforementioned documents available for inspection, upon request, during normal business hours or under other reasonable circumstances. The Association shall not impose or collect any assessment, penalty or fee in connection with a transfer or title or any interest except, (i) the Association's actual costs of changing its records and (ii) a fee for providing copies of Project documents, records of statements, so long as, such fee shall not exceed the Association's reasonable cost to prepare and reproduce the requested items; (xiii) To prosecute or defend, in the name of the Association and or the Members, any action affecting or relating to the Project, including the Common Area or the Units, the Declaration, the Articles or these Bylaws, or any action in which all of the Owners have an interest in the subject thereof; (xiv) To suspend temporarily the voting privileges of an Owner, for default in the payment of any annual or special - 11 - presented, (ii) counsel, independent accountants or other persons as to matters which the director believes to be within such person's professional or expert competence, or (iii) a committee of the Board of Directors, upon which a director does not serve but in which the director has confidence as to matters within the committee's designated authority, so long as the director acts in good faith; after reasonable inquiry when the need therefor is indicated by the circumstances; and without knowledge that would cause such reliance to be unwarranted. A director of the Association who performs the duties as herein set forth shall have no liability as a director or as an individual for any alleged failure to properly discharge the duties of a director of the Association. 6.4 Contracts. Any contract entered into, or instrument executed, by any two or more directors of the Association pursuant to a resolution of the Board of Directors shall be (i) valid and subsisting according to the tenor of such contract or instrument and (ii) a charge upon all cash, bank accounts and other personal property under the control of the Board of Directors. Any transfer, assignment or conveyance to, or any contract in favor of, the Board of Directors shall vest in the Board of Directors, for the benefit of the Members in the same proportions as their respective interests in the Association. So long as each such director acts within the scope of its authority as a director and as authorized to act by these Declarations or the Association's Bylaw, no director shall have any personal liability under any such contract or instrument; however, the foregoing shall not be construed to relieve any director who is also an Owner from liability as such Owner. 6.4.1. No contract or other transaction between the Association and one or more of the Associations' directors, or between the Association and any domestically formed corporation, firm or association in which one or more of the Association's directors has a material financial interest, is either void or voidable merely because such director(s) is present at a meeting of the Board of Directors which authorizes, approves or ratifies such contract or transaction, if all material facts as to the transaction and as to such director's interests are fully disclosed to all the Members and such contract or transaction is authorized, approved or ratified by a unanimous vote of all non-interested directors of the Association, (i.e., interested Director(s) are not entitled to vote on the authorization, approval or ratification of such contracts or transactions). 6.4.2 Except as provided herein, no contract with the Association negotiated by Declarant, shall exceed a term of one year. - 13 - 6.5 Limitations on Powers of the Board of Directors. Anything in this article to the contrary notwithstanding, unless the Members have approved such action (i) by a vote or written ballot of Members entitled to exercise a majority of the voting power in each of the two voting classes of the Association or (ii) upon cessation of one of the two voting classes, by a vote or written ballot of Members entitled to exercise a majority of the voting power in the remaining voting class, provided that said vote or written ballot shall include the votes of a majority of the Members other than Declarant, the Board of Directors may not: (i) Enter into a contract with a third person for materials and/or services benefiting the Common Area, the Project or the Association for a term in excess of one year, except any: (a) Management contract, the terms of which have been approved by the Federal Housing Administration or Veterans Administration; (b) Contract with a public utility company if the rates charged for the materials or services are regulated by the Public Utilities Commission provided, however, that the term of the contract shall not exceed the shortest term for which the supplier will contract at the regulated rate; (c) Prepaid casualty and/or liability insurance policy which does not exceed three years' duration provided that such policy permits for short rate cancellation by the insured; (d) Agreements for cable television service or equipment of not to exceed five years' duration, provided that the supplier is not an entity in which the subdivider has a direct or indirect ownership interest of 10 percent or more; (ii) Except as expressly provided in the Declaration, incur aggregate expenditures for capital improvements to the Common Area or the Project in any fiscal year in excess of 5 percent of the budgeted gross expenses of the Association for that fiscal year; (iii) Sell or mortgage, during any fiscal year of the Association, property of the Association having an aggregate fair market value greater than 5 percent of the budgeted gross expenses of the Association for that fiscal year; - 14 - (iv) Fill a vacancy on the Board of Directors created by the removal of a director; or (v) Pay any compensation to any director or officer of the Association for services performed in the conduct of the Association's business; however the Board of Directors may reimburse any such director or officer for out of pocket expenses properly incurred by him or her in carrying on the business of the Association. 6.6 Management Contracts and Easements. Anything contained in Paragraphs 6.4 through 6.5, inclusive, to the contrary notwithstanding, the Board of Directors shall not have the power to authorize or approve any contract for the professional management of the Project, or any contract providing for the services of Declarant, which (i) does not permit the Association to terminate (a) for cause on 30 days' written notice and (b) without cause, on payment of a termination fee, on 90 days or less written notice, or (ii) has a term greater than three years. 6.6.1 The Board of Directors shall not have the power to grant easements or use rights which affect the Units or Common Area; provided, however, that the Board of Directors may grant easements over, upon, under and across the Common Area for utilities, roads, ingress and egress and other purposes which are reasonably necessary to the ongoing development and operation of the Project. 6.7 Delegation of Powers. The Board of Directors may, from time to time and as permitted by law, delegate by written resolution any of the powers enumerated herein to agents or employees of the Association. However, due to the small number of Members in the Association, the Board of Directors may not delegate any of its powers to a committee of the Members. Although the Board of Directors may delegate to its officers those specific powers identified in Article 7 herein. 6.8 Number. The authorized number of directors of the Association shall be four. This paragragh may only be changed by a unanimous vote of the Members. 6.9 Requirement that each Condominium be Represented on the Board of Directors. Due to the small size of the Association, the four directors of the Association shall consist of one Owner from each Condominium. Where there is more than one Owner of a Condominium, only one Owner from such Condominium may serve as a Director at any one time. It shall be the obligation of all Owners to serve on the Board of Directors of the Association whether they are deemed to be a member of the Board of Directors or elected by a vote of the Members as set forth in paragraph 9.11 hereinbelow. This paragraph may only be changed by a unanimous vote of the Members. - 15 - 6.10 Nomination. Where a Condominium is owned by more than one Owner, each Owner may nominate him or herself to serve as a director of the Association. Where more than one Owner nominates him or herself, that director's position shall be filled by a vote of the Members, as set forth in paragraph 6.11 below. Each nominee shall be given a reasonable opportunity to communicate to the Members his or her qualifications and the reasons for his or her candidacy. Each nominee shall be given a reasonable opportunity to solicit votes and the Members shall be given a reasonable opportunity to choose among the nominees. 6.11 Election and Term of Office. If there is only one Owner of a Condominium or one nominee for the Board of Directors from any one Condominium, then each such Owner or nominee shall automatically be deemed to be a director of the Association. Only if there is more than one nominee to the Board of Directors for any one Condominium, shall an election of the Members, by secret and written ballot, take place. The nominee for each Condominium with the most votes from the membership shall be elected to the Board of Directors. 6.11.1 Upon transfer of title of a Condominium from the Declarant to an Owner, the Declarant shall notify the Association of the name of the new Owner or Owners. If there will be only one Owner, that Owner shall automatically be deemed to be a director of the Association. If there will be more than one Owner after the transfer, the new Owners shall, before the effective date of the transfer, specify which of the Owners will serve on the Board of Directors until the next annual meeting of the Association. 6.11.2 Upon transfer of title of any Condominium from one Owner to another, if for such Condominium there is only one Owner that Owner shall automatically be deemed to be a director of the Association. If for such Condominium there will be more than one Owner, the new Owners shall notify the Association no later than 30 days after the effective date of transfer of title which of the Owners will serve on the Board of Directors until the next annual meeting of the Association. 6.11.3 All directors of the Association deemed to be on the Board of Directors or elected at an annual meeting of Members shall be elected for a term of one year. If any annual meeting is not held or the directors are not elected there at, the directors may be elected at any special meeting of Members held for that purpose. The term of office for directors of the Association shall begin immediately after their election and each director shall hold office until their successor is elected. 6.12 Vacancies. A vacancy on the Board of Directors shall be deemed to exist in any of the following instances: (i) the death, resignation or removal of any director, (ii) Members shall - 16 - fail at any time to elect the full number of authorized directors, or (iii) where the new Owners of a Condominium fail or refuse to notify the Declarant or the Association which of the Owners shall serve as a director of the Association until the next annual meeting of the Association in accordance with paragraphs 6.11.1 or 6.11.2 hereinabove. 6.12.1 The Board of Directors may declare vacant the office of a director (i) who has been declared of unsound mind by a final order of court, (ii) who has been convicted of a felony, or (iii) who misses or fails to attend four of the last six Board of Director meetings. 6.12.2 Vacancies on the Board of Directors may be filled by a majority vote of the remaining directors, or if the number of directors remaining in office is less than a quorum, by (i) unanimous written consent of the directors left in office, (ii) affirmative vote of a majority of directors left in office who attend a meeting held pursuant to the notice provisions in Paragraph 6.16 and following or 6.17 and following hereinbelow, or (iii) a sole remaining director, provided, however, that vacancies on the Board of Directors resulting from the removal of directors may only be filled by a vote of the Members as provided in the article hereof entitled "Voting Rights." 6.12.3 Each director elected under paragraphs 6.12.2 shall hold office until its successor is elected at an annual, regular or special meeting of Members or until its earlier resignation or removal. 6.12.4 Members may at any time elect a director to the Board of Directors of the Association to fill any vacancy not filled by the Board of Directors within 60 days of such vacancy. 6.12.5 Any director may resign effective upon giving written notice to the Board of Directors, unless such director is the sole Owner of a Condominium, in which case such director may not resign. Any resignation notice must specify a time for the effectiveness of such resignation. If the Board of Directors accepts the resignation of a director tendered to take effect at a future time, the Board of Directors, or if the Board of Directors should fail to act, the Members, shall have the power to elect a successor to take office when the resignation is scheduled to become effective. 6.13 Place of Meetings. Meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held within the Project. 6.14 Organizational Meetings; Notice. The annual organizational meetings of the Board of Directors shall be held immediately following the adjournment of the annual meetings of Members or at such other date, time and place as the Board of - 17 - Directors may designate during the annual meeting of the Members. Other notice of such organizational meetings is hereby waived. 6.15 Other Regular Meetings; Notice. Regular meetings of the Board of Directors, other than the annual organizational meeting, shall be held at such date, time and place within the Project as may be agreed upon from time to time by the Board of Directors except that said meetings shall be held at least every six months if business to be transacted by the Board of Directors does not justify more frequent meetings. 6.15.1 Notice of the date, time and place of a regular meeting of the Board of Directors shall be given to each of the members of the Board of Directors at least four days before such meeting by (i) telephone, (ii) telegraph, (iii) written notice personally delivered, or (iv) letter, charges prepaid, addressed to a director at the address of such director as it is shown upon the records of the Association. 6.15.2 Written notice of a resolution, if any, establishing a specific times or places for regular meetings of the Board of Directors shall be given to each director in accordance with the notice provisions of paragraph 6.15.1. 6.15.3 Notice of a regular meeting of the Board of Directors need not be given to any director who has signed a waiver of notice or a written consent to holding such meeting(s), whether before or after the meeting, or who attends the meeting without protesting prior thereto or at its commencement, the lack of notice to such director. All such waivers, consents and approvals shall be filed with the Association records or made a part of the minutes of the meetings. 6.16 Special Meetings; Notice. Special meetings of the Board of Directors for any purpose or purposes may be called by any member of the Board of Directors. 6.16.1 Written notice of a special meeting of the Board of Directors of the Association shall be signed by the director(s) calling such special meeting, specify the date, time and place of the special meeting and shall be given to each of the directors of the Association by: (i) telephone, (ii) telegraph, (iii) written notice personally delivered, or (iv) letter, charges prepaid, addressed to a director at the address of such director as it is shown upon the records of the Association. Such notice of a special meeting shall set forth the general nature of the business to be considered thereat. In case such notice is mailed, it shall be deposited in the United States mail at least four days prior to the date of the holding of the meeting. In case such notice is delivered personally or by telephone or telegraph, it shall be so delivered at least 72 hours prior to the date of the holding of the meeting. Such - 18 - mailing, telephoning, telegraphing or personal delivery shall be due, legal and proper notice to such director. 6.16.2 Notice of a special meeting of the Board of Directors need not be given to any director who signed a waiver of notice or a written consent to holding of the meeting, whether before or after the meeting, or who attends such a meeting without protesting prior thereto or at its commencement, the lack of notice to such director. All such waivers, consents or approvals shall be filed with the Association records or made a part of the minutes of the meetings. 6.17 Conference Calls. Members of the Board of Directors may participate in an organizational, regular, or special meeting of the Board of Directors or its committee through the use of conference telephone or similar communications equipment, so long as all members of the Board of Directors participating in such meeting can hear one another. Participation in a meeting via conference telephone or similar communications equipment constitutes presence in person at such meeting. 6.18 Adiournment. A majority of the directors present at a meeting of the Board of Directors, whether or not a quorum is present at such meeting, may adjourn the meeting to another specific date, time and place. If the meeting is adjourned for more than 24 hours, notice of any adjournment to another date, time or place shall be given prior to the time of such adjourned meeting to the directors who are not present at the time of the adj ournment. 6.19 Quorum; Required Vote. The presence of three members of the Board of Directors at a regular or special meeting of the Board of Directors is necessary to constitute a quorum of the Board of Directors for the transaction of business. The action of a majority of the directors present at any meeting at which there is a quorum, when duly assembled, is valid as a corporate act; provided that a meeting at which a quorum is initially present may continue to transact business notwithstanding the later withdrawal of a director, if and only if, each action taken taken after withdrawal of a director is subsequently approved by at least a majority of the required quorum for such meeting. Directors present at any meeting at which a quorum is not obtained may adjourn to another time and place as provided for hereinabove, but may not transact any business. 6.20 Open Meetings; Executive Sessions. All of the organizational, regular and special meetings of the Board of Directors shall be open to all Members; however, Members who are not on the Board of Directors may not participate in deliberations or discussions at any such meeting unless expressly so authorized by the vote of a majority of a quorum of the Board of Directors. - 19 - 6.20.1 Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained in this article, the Board of Directors may, with the approval of a majority of a quorum thereof, adjourn any meeting of the Board of Directors and reconvene in executive session to discuss, consider or vote upon (i) items related to or involving personnel, (ii) litigation in which the Association is or may become involved, and/or (iii) matters of a similar nature, provided that the nature of any and all such business to be considered in executive session shall first be announced in the open meeting. 6.21 Action By Unanimous Written Consent. Any action required or permitted to be taken by the Board of Directors may be taken without a meeting, if all members of the Board of Directors shall individually or collectively consent in writing to such action. Such written consent or consents shall be filed with the minutes of the proceedings of the Board of Directors. Such action by written consent shall have the same force and effect as a unanimous vote of the directors. 6.21.1 If the Board of Directors takes action by unanimous written consent as -provided in Paragraph 6.21 above, a copy of the final action to which unanimous written consent was obtained shall be mailed or personally delivered to all Members within three days of the date the secretary of the Association receives the written consents of the directors. 6.22 Provisional and Substitute Directors. Because the Association has an even number of directors, if the directors become equally divided on some issue(s) and cannot agree as to the management of the Association's affairs, such that its activities can no longer be conducted or such that there is a danger that the Association's property, activities or business will be impaired or lost, an action may be brought by any director of the Association or any Member, for the appointment of a fifth "provisional director" in the Superior Court of San Diego County. Each Condominium Owner recognizes as valid the equitable powers of such court to appoint a provisional director and to specify the limits and duration of the provisional director's rights and powers. 6.22.1 A provisional director shall be an impartial person, who is neither a Member nor creditor of the Association, nor related by consanguinity or affinity within the third degree under the Common Law of California to any of the Members of the Association. Such a provisional director shall have all the rights and powers given it by the court, and if not specified, the rights and powers of an elected director until the deadlock in the Board of Directors is broken or until such provisional director is removed by order of the court. - 20 - 6.22.2 Because of the small size of the Association and the requirement that each Condominium be represented on the board of directors of the Asssociation, provisions are made herein for appointment of a "substitute director". Where a director of the Association does not wish to participate or is incapable of participating as a member of the board of directors, such director shall have the right to designate another person to act on his or her behalf for the remainder of the current term, as a substitute director of the Association by executing a durable power of attorney. However, any such durable power of attorney must be in writting, signed and noterized by all the Owners of that director's Condominium and a copy of such delivered to the Association. ARTICLE 7 - Officers 7.1 Officers. The officers of the Association shall be a president, a vice president, a secretary and a chief financial officer. 7.2 Appointment. Each officer of the Association shall be chosen annually by the Board of Directors, and shall hold office until a successor shall be appointed or until the earlier resignation, removal or disqualification of such officer. 7.3 Removal and Resignation. Any officer may be removed, with or without cause, by the Board of Directors. 7.3.1 Any officer may resign at any time by giving written notice to the Board of Directors. Any such resignation shall take effect as of the date of the receipt of such notice or at any later time specified therein; and, unless otherwise specified therein, the acceptance of such resignation shall not be necessary to make it effective. 7.4 Vacancies. A vacancy in any office because of death, resignation, removal, disqualification or any other cause shall be filled in the manner prescribed in these Bylaws for regular appointment to such office. 7.5 President. The president shall be the general manager and the chief executive officer of the Association, and, subject to the control of the Board of Directors, shall have the general power to supervise, direct and control the business and officers of the Association. The president shall preside at all meetings of the Members and of the Board of Directors and shall have the management duties usually vested in the office of president of a corporation and shall have such other powers and duties as may be - 21 - prescribed by the Board of Directors, these Bylaws or applicable California law. 7.6 Vice President. In the absence or disability of the president, the vice president shall perform all the duties of the president, and when so acting shall have all the powers of, and be subject to, all the restrictions upon the president. The vice president so performing the duties of the president shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as from time to time may be prescribed by the Board of Directors, these Bylaws or applicable California law. 7.7 Secretary. The secretary shall keep, or cause to be kept, at the principal office of the Association or such other place as the Board of Directors may order, a book of minutes of all meetings of the Board of Directors and Members showing (i) the date, time and place of holding, (ii) whether regular, annual or special, and if special, how authorized, (iii) the notice thereof given, (iv) the names of those present if it is a meeting of the Board of Directors, (v) the number of Members present or represented at a meeting of the Members, and (vi) the proceedings thereof. 7.7.1 The secretary shall keep, or cause to be kept, at the principal office of the Association or at such other place as the Board of Directors may designate, a membership book showing the names and addresses of the Members and the date on which membership ceased. 7.7.2 The secretary shall (i) give, or cause to be given, notice of all the meetings of the Members and of the Board of Directors as is required by these Bylaws or by statute to be given, (ii) keep the seal of the Association in safe custody and (iii) have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors, these Bylaws or applicable California law. 7.8 Chief Financial Officer. The chief financial officer shall keep and maintain, or cause to be kept and maintained, adequate and correct accounts of the properties and business transactions of the Association, including accounts of its assets, liabilities, receipts, disbursements, gains, losses and surplus. The books of account shall at all reasonable times be open to inspection by any director of the Association. 7.8.1 The chief financial officer shall deposit all moneys and other valuables in the name and to the credit of the Association with such depositories as may be designated by the Board of Directors. The chief financial officer shall disburse the funds of the Association as may be ordered by the Board of Directors, shall render to the president and Board of Directors, whenever they request it, an account of all transactions by the - 22 - chief financial officer and of the financial condition of the Association, and shall have such other powers and perform such other duties as may be prescribed by the Board of Directors, these Bylaws or applicable California law. 7.8.2 If desired, the Board of Directors may acquire for the chief financial officer and other directors, employees, or agents a bond in such sum and with such surety or sureties as shall be satisfactory to the Board of Directors for (i) the faithful performance of the duties of the chief financial officer's office and (ii) the restoration to the Association of all books, papers, vouchers, money and other property, or whatever kind, belonging to the Association and in the possession or under control of the chief financial officer upon the death, resignation or removal from office of the chief financial officer. ARTICLE 8 - Committees The Board of Directors may, by resolution adopted by a unamous vote of the directors of the Association, create a committee (hereinafter referred to as an "Executive Committee"), as may be necessary from time to time, consisting of two directors of the Association and with such powers as it designates, so long as such powers are consistent with the Articles, these Bylaws and the laws of the State of California. Appointment to the Executive Committee shall be by a majority vote of the directors in office at the time of appointment. The Board of Directors may also appoint an alternate Executive Committee member, who can replace an absent member at any meeting of the Executive Committee. The members of Executive Committee shall hold office at the pleasure of the Board of Directors and need not be reappointed annually. ARTICLE 9 - Records and Reports; Inspection 9.1 Records. The Association shall maintain adequate and correct accounts, books and records of its business and properties. All such books, records and accounts shall be kept at its principal place of business in the State of California or at such other place as may be designated by the Board of Directors from time to time. - 23 - 9.2 Inspection of Books and Records. The Member register; the Association's books of account; minutes of proceedings of the Association, of the Board of Directors, and of the Executive Committee shall upon the written demand of any Member be open to inspection and copying by such Member or its duly appointed representative at any reasonable time, for a purpose reasonably related to such Member's interests as a Member, at the office of the Association or at such other place within the Project as the Board of Directors shall prescribe. All of the foregoing documents, books and records shall be available for inspection at all regular meetings of the Members. 9.2.1 Each director of the Association shall have an absolute right to inspect and copy the aforementioned documents, books and records and to inspect the physical property owned by the Association, at any reasonable time. 9.2.2 An inspection demand, other than at a meeting of the Members shall be made in writing upon the board of directors of the Association. The Board of Directors shall establish reasonable rules with respect to (i) hours and day of the week when such inspection may be made and (ii) payment of the cost of reproducing copies of such documents, books and records. 9.3 Certification and Inspection of Bylaws. The original or a copy of these Bylaws as amended or otherwise altered to date, certified by the secretary of the Association, shall be available for inspection by Members at any reasonable time. 9.4 Checks. Drafts. Etc. Subject to Paragraph 9.10 below, all checks, drafts or other orders for payment of money, notes or other evidences of indebtedness, issued in the name of or payable to the Association, shall be signed or endorsed by such person or persons and in such manner as shall be determined from time to time by resolution of the Board of Directors. 9.5 Contracts. Etc.; How Executed. The Board of Directors, except as otherwise provided in these Bylaws, may authorize any officer or officers, agent or agents, of the Association, to enter into any contract or execute any instrument in the name of and on behalf of the Association. Such authority may be general or confined to specific instances. Unless so authorized by the Board of Directors, no officer, agent or employee of the Association shall have any power or authority to bind the Association by any contract or engagement, or to pledge its credit, or to render it liable for any purpose or to any amount. 9.6 Annual Budget. The Board of Directors shall cause a pro forma operating budget (hereinafter referred to as the "Annual Budget") for each fiscal year to be regularly prepared and distributed to all Members, not less than 45 days and not more than 60 days prior to the beginning of each fiscal year of - 24 - the Association, regardless of the number of Members or the amount of assets of the Association. Each Annual Budget shall contain the following information: (i) the estimated revenue and expenses of the Association on an accrual basis, (ii) the amount of the total cash reserves in the Reserve Accounts, as defined in Paragraph 9.10 below, currently available for replacement or major repair of the Common Area and for contingencies, (iii) an itemized estimate of the remaining life of, and the method of funding to defray repair, replacement or additions to, major components of the Common Area for which the Association is responsible, and (iv) a general statement setting for the procedures used by the Board of Directors in calculating and establishing reserves to defray the cost of repair, replacement or addition to, major components of the Common Area for which the Association is responsible. 9.7 Initial Financial Report. The Board of Directors shall cause to be prepared an initial financial report, which report shall include (i) a balance sheet as of an accounting date ("the Accounting Date") which is the last day of the month closest in time to six months from the date of closing of the first sale of a Condominium in the Project and (ii) an operating statement for the period from the date of the first closing to the Accounting Date, which operating statement shall include a schedule of assessments received and receivable itemized by the Condominium address of the Member so assessed. The initial financial report shall be distributed to each member within 60 days from the Accounting Date. 9.8 Annual Report. The Board of Directors shall cause to be prepared, and shall distribute to each Member, within 120 days after the close of the Association's fiscal year, a report (hereinafter referred to as the "Annual Report"), which shall include: (i) a balance sheet as of the end of the fiscal year, (ii) an operating (income) statement for the fiscal year, (iii) a statement of changes in financial position for the fiscal year, (iv) any information required to be reported under Section 8322 of the California Corporations Code, (v) a statement of the place where names and addresses of the current .Members are located, and (vi) for any fiscal year in which the gross income to the Association (including all regular and special assessments levied upon all Members during the fiscal year) exceeds $75,000, a copy of a review of the Annual Report prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles by a licensee of the California State Board of Accountancy. If the Annual Report is not prepared by an independent accountant, it shall be accompanied by the certificate of an authorized officer of the Association that the statements were prepared from the books and records of the Association without independent audit or review. For any fiscal year in which the Annual Report is not prepared by a licensee of the California State Board of Accountancy, the financial statements prepared in connection with the Annual - 25 - Report shall be prepared in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles or some other basis of accounting which reasonably sets forth the assets and liabilities and the income and expenses of the Association and discloses the accounting basis used in the preparation. 9.8.1 The Board of Directors shall include in any Annual Report a statement discussing: (i) any transaction or transactions which occurred during the previous fiscal year involving more than $50,000, in the aggregate, in which the Association was a party and in which either a director or an officer of the Association or an Owner holding more than 10 percent of the voting power of the Association had a direct or indirect material financing interest and such transaction had not been approved by the members of the Association or (ii) any loan, guarantee, advance or indemnification made or paid by the Association to any officer or director of the Association which in the aggregate exceeded $10,000 in any single fiscal year and such loan, guarantee, advance or indemnification had not been approved by the Members of this Association. The statement required by this paragraph shall (i) describe the amount and circumstances of any such transaction, loan, guarantee, advance or indemnification, (ii) state the name(s) of the director, officer or Owner who was involved in such transaction or to whom such loan, guarantee, advance or indemnification was made or paid, and such person's relationship to the Association, and (iii) explain the nature of such director's, officer's or Owner's interest in the transaction, loan guarantee, advance or indemnification and, where practicable, the amount of such interest, provided that in the case of a transaction, loan, guarantee, advance or indemnification made or paid to a partnership of which such person is a partner, only the interest of the partnership need be stated. 9.8.2 Upon written request of a Member, the Board of Directors shall promptly cause the most recent Annual Report to be sent to the requesting Member. If any such Annual Report addressed to a Member at the address of the Member appearing on the books of the Association, is returned to the Association by the United States Postal Service marked to indicate that the United States Postal Service is unable to deliver the Annual Report at such address, all future Annual Reports shall be deemed to have been duly delivered without further mailing, so long as, such Annual Report shall be available upon written demand of such Member at the principal place of business of the Association for a period of one year from the date the same Annual Report was delivered to all other Members. 9.9 Statement of Policies and Practices. The Board of Directors shall cause to be distributed to all Members, within 60 days prior to the beginning of each fiscal year, a statement of the Association's policies and practices in enforcing its - 26 - remedies against Members for defaults in the payment of annual and special assessments, including the recording and foreclosing of liens against a Condominium. 9.10 Operating and Reserve Accounts. The Board of Directors shall maintain reserve accounts (hereinafter "Reserve Accounts") within which it keeps all moneys identified by the Annual Budget for (i) the major repair or replacement of or additions to the Common Area for which the Association is responsible, or (ii) other reasonable contingencies. The signatures of at least two directors of the Association shall be required for the withdrawal of moneys from a Reserve Account. In addition, the Board of Directors may maintain operating accounts (hereinafter "Operating Accounts") within which all moneys belonging to the Association other than those moneys maintained in a Reserve Account, are kept. 9.10.1 The Board of Directors shall do all of the following: (i) review, on at least a quarterly basis, a current reconciliation of the Association's Operating Accounts and Reserve Accounts, (ii) review, on at least a quarterly basis, the current year's actual reserve revenues and expenses as compared to the current year's budget for reserve revenues and expenses, (iii) review, within a reasonable time of receipt, the latest account statement prepared by the financial institution(s) where the Association maintains its Operating Account(s) and Reserve Account(s), (iv) review, on at least a quarterly basis, an income and expense statement for the Association's Operating Account(s) and Reserve Account(s), and (v) perform any other duties, as specifically added from time to time, to California Civil Code section 1365.5. ARTICLE 10 - Corporate Seal If obtained by the Association, the Association's corporate seal shall be circular in form, and shall have inscribed thereon the name of the Association, the date of its formation and the word "California". ARTICLE 11 - Amendments to Bylaws 11.1 Bv Members. During the period of time prior to conversion of the Class B membership in the Association to Class A membership, new Bylaws may be adopted or these Bylaws may be amended or repealed by 3/4 vote or written ballot of all Members of each class of membership in the Association. After conversion of the Class B membership to Class A membership, these Bylaws may be amended or repealed by a 3/4 vote or written ballot of all Members. - 27 - 11.2 Modification of Voting Rights. Anything contained herein to the contrary notwithstanding, neither the Owners nor the Association shall, by act or omissions, modify the voting rights of Members as such are set forth in Article 5 of these Bylaws entitled "Voting Rights," without the prior written consent of at least 3/4 of the Members. 11.3 No Amendment By Board of Directors. Anything herein to the contrary notwithstanding, the Board of Directors shall not have any right or power to adopt, amend or repeal any of these Bylaws. 11.4 Record of Amendments. Whenever an amendment or new bylaw is adopted, a notation of such amendment or new bylaw and a copy of the same shall be filed in the appropriate place in the Association's book containing the original Bylaws and mailed by first class United States mail or other means of written communication to the address of each Member appearing on the books of the Association or to the address supplied by such Member to the Association for the purpose of receiving notice. If any bylaw is repealed, the fact of repeal with the date of the meeting at which the repeal was enacted or the date specified in the written ballots by which such ballots were to be received by the Association shall be stated in said book and mailed by first class United States mail or other means of written communication to the address of each Member appearing on the books of the Association or to the address supplied by such Member to the Association for the purpose of receiving notice. ARTICLE 12 - Amendment Of Articles 12.1 Amendments. Each amendment to the Articles shall be adopted in accordance with the provisions set forth for amendments in the Articles. 12.2 Record of Amendments. Any amendments to the Articles shall be reflected in the Association's books containing the original Articles. Upon the adoption of an amendment, the secretary of the Association shall file a Certificate of Amendment or Restated Articles of Incorporation, pursuant to California Corporations Code sections 7814 and 7816 with respect to a Certificate of Amendment or California Corporations Code section 7819 with respect to Restated Articles of Incorporation. ARTICLE 13 - Supremacy of Declaration No provision of the Articles or of these Bylaws and no action of the Association in violation or contravention of any provision of the Declaration shall be valid, subsisting of or any effect whatsoever. - 28 - THE UNDERSIGNED, being the sole Member of the Association, as of the date hereinbelow set forth, hereby assents to the foregoing Bylaws and adopts the same as the Bylaws of the Association. IN WITNESS WHEREOF, the undersigned has hereunto subscribed its name this 2»jg) day of XathyxBakadi John Bence Gabor CAT. NO. NN00627 TO 1944 CA (9-84) (Individual) STATE OF CALIFORNIA COUNTY OF San Diego On March 26,1990 TICOR TITLE INSURANCE ss. before me, the undersigned, a Notary Public in and for said State, personally appeared Louis Bikadi & Kathy Bikadi & John Bence & Margaret Bence & Gabor Toth & Darlene Toth * * , personally known to me or proved to me on the basis of satisfactory evidence to be the person_§ whose namp S are subscribed to the within instrument and acknowledged that they exe- cuted the same. WITNESS my hand and official seal. Signature OFFICIAL SEAL LYNDA J. CLAYTON NOTARY PUBLIC • CALIFORNIA PRINCIPAL OFFICE IN SAN DIEGO COUNTY My Commission Exp. June 21.1991 (This area for official notarial seal)