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HomeMy WebLinkAboutRP 05-10A; State Stree Mixed Use; Redevelopment Permits (RP) (4)ENVIRONMENTAL INFORMATION FORM (To be Completed by AppUcant) Date Filed: : . (To be conq>leted by City) Aj^lication Numbers): General Informatioii 1. Name ofproject: 3044 State Street LLC 2. Name of developer or project sponsor Karnak Planning and Design 2802 State Street Address: City, State, Zip Code: ^^""Isbad Ca^ 92008 Phone Number: 760-434-8400 Name of pcrsOT to be contacted conceming this project: Robert Rirchardson Address: 2802 State Street City, State, Zip Code: Carlsbad Ca^ 92008 VT »^ 760-434-8400 Phone Number: Address ofproject: 3044 State Street LLC Carlsbad Ca 92008 Assessor's Parcel Number: S. List and describe any other related permits and other public appro>«ls required for this project, including those required by city, regional, state and federal agencies: 6. Existing General Plan Land Use Designation: VR District 1 7. Existing zoning district: ^'"^9® 8. Kxistinp land usefs^: Residence condos 9. Proposed use of site OProject for which this form is filed): condominiums + Comercial/retail number of Units 9 Condominiums + Retail/ Comerciai space Project Description 10. Site size; 12,199 SQ. FT. + .28 acres 11. Proposed Buildmg square footage: 7.399 SQ. FT. 12: Number of floors of construction: 3 Floors 13. Amount of off.»t™t parking pn.vided: "'^"'"'^ 02/22/06 14. Associated projects: IS. If residential. Include the number of units and schedule of unit sizes: 16. If commerctal, indicate the type, whether neighboriiood, city or regionally oriented, square footage of sales area, and loading foclltties: Retail comerciai - 999SQ.FT. N//a 17. If industriai. Indicate type, estimated employment per shift; and loading facilities: ^//a 18. If institutional, indicate the major i^ction, estimated employment per shift, estimated occupancy, loadti^ facilities, and community benefits to be derived fix>m the project: N//a 19. If the project involves a variance, ccmditional use or rezoning applications, state this and indicate clearly why the appUcation is required: N//a Are the follawing items applicable to the project or its effects? Discuss all items checked yes (attach additional sheets as necessary). Yes No 20. Change In existing features of any bays, tidelands, beaches, or hills, or Q ^ substantial altmitton of ground contours. 21. Change in scenic views or vistas firom existing residential areas or public Q ^ lands or roads. 22. Change in pattem, scale or character of general area of project. Q 23. Significant amounts of solid waste or litter. Q ^ 24. Change in dust, ash, smoke, fumes or odors in vicinity. Q ^ 25. Change in ocean, bay, lake, stream or ground water quaiity or quantity, or Q ^ alteration of existing drainage patterns. 26. Substantial change in existing noise or vibration levels in the vicinity. Q 5^ 3 02/22m Yes No 26. Site on filled land or on stope of 10 percent or more. • ^ 28. Use of disposal of potentially hazardous materials, such as toxic [Ji ^ substances, flammables or explosives. 29. Substantial change in demand for municipal servkes (police, fire, water, • ^ sewage, etc.). 30. Substantially increase fossil fiiel consumption (elecUicity, oil, natural gas, Q ^ etc.). 31. Relationship to a larger project or series of projects. • |3 Environmental Setting Attach sheets that include a response to the following questions: 32. Describe Ae project site as it exists before the project, Including information on topography, soil stability, plants and animals, and any cultural, historical or scenic aspects. Describe any existing stnictures on the site, and the use of the structures. Attach i^ographs of die site. Snapshots or Polaroid photos will be accepted. 33. Describe die surrounding properties, including infonnaticm on plants and animals and any cultural, historical or scenic aspects. Indicate the type of land use (residential, commercial, etc.), Intensity of land use (one-fiimily, apartment houses, shops, departinent stores, etc.), and scale of development (height, frontage, set-back, rear yard, etc.). Attach photogn^hs of die vicinity. Snapshots or polaroid photos will be accepted. Certification I hereby certtfy that the statements furnished above and In the atUiched exhibits present the data and information required for this initial evaluation to the best of my ability, and that the facts, statements, and information presented are true and correct to the best of my knowledge atid belief Date: ^ Signature: Fon 4 02/22/06 PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN For STATE STREET CONDOS Prepared: March 11, 2009 Updated: Febmary 2, 2010 JN: 051117-5 Prepared by: O'DAY CONSULTANTS, INC. 2710 Loker Avenue West, Suite 100 Carisbad, California 92010-6609 Tel: (760)931-7700 Fax: (760)931-8680 S, 2070 George O'Da^ /^CE 32014 D^e PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS Exp. 12/31/10 TABLE OF CONTENTS ITEM PAGE COVER SHEET i TABLE OF CONTENTS ii 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1 1.1 PURPOSE 1 1.2 LOCATION 1 2.0 PROJECT REVIEW & PERMmiNG PROCESS 2 2.1 DETERMINE APPLICABLE STORM WATER BMP REQUIREMENTS 2 2.2 PRIORITY PROJECT PERMANENT STORM WATER BMP REQUIREMENTS 2 3.0 PREPARE AND SUBMIT APPROPRLATE PLANS 2 3.1 REQUIRED BMP ELEMENTS 2 4.0 PERMANENT BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES SELECTION 2 4.1 IDENTIFY POLLUTANTS FORM THE PROJECT AREA 2 4.1.1 ANTICIPATED POLLUTANTS OF CONCERN 3 4.1.2 POTENTIAL POLLUTANTS OF CONCERN 3 4.2 IDENTIFY POLLUTANTS OF CONCERN IN RECEIVING WATERS 3 4.2.1 IDENTIFY THE HYDROLOGIC UNIT CONTRIBUTION... 3 4.2.2 IDENTIFY 303(d) IMPAIRMENTS IN THE RECEIVING WATERS 3 4.3 BENEFICIAL USES OF RECEIVING WATERS 3 4.3.1 BIOL - PRESERVATION OF BIOLOGICAL HABITATS OF SPECIAL SIGNIFICANCE 3 4.3.2 RECl - CONTACT RECREATION 3 4.3.3 REC2 - NON-CONTACT RECREATION 4 4.3.4 EST-ESTUARINE HABFIAT 4 4.3.5 MAR - MARINE HABITAT 4 4.3.6 WILD - WILDLIFE HABITAT 4 4.3.7 RARE - RARE, THREATENED, OR ENDANGERED SPECIES 4 4.3.8 MIGR - MIGRATION OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 4 4.4 IDENTIFY CONDITIONS OF CONCERN 4 5.0 ESTABLISH PERMANENT STORM WATER BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES 5 5.1 SriE DESIGN BMPS 5 5.1.1 MAINTAIN PRE-DEVELOPMENT RAINFALL RUNOFF CHARACTERISTICS , 5 PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED) ITEM PAGE 5.1.2 MEsriMIZE IMPERVIOUS FOOTPRINT 5 5.1.3 CONSERVE NATURAL AREAS 5 5.1.4 MINIMIZE DIRECTLY CONNECTED IMPERVIOUS AREAS 5 5.1.5 MAXIMIZE CANOPY INTERCEPTION AND WATER CONSERVATION CONSISTENT WITH THE CARLSBAD LANDSCAPE MANUAL 6 5.2 SOURCE CONTROL BMPS 6 5.2.1 DESIGN OUTDOOR MATERIAL STORAGE AREAS TO REDUCE POLLUTION INTRODUCTION 6 5.2.2 DESIGN TRASH STORAGE ARES TO REDUCE POLLUTION INTRODUCTION 6 5.2.3 USE EFFICIENT IRRIGATION SYSTEMS AND LANDSCAPE DESIGN 7 5.2.4 PROVIDE STORM WATER CONVEYANCE SYSTEM STENCILING AND SIGNAGE 7 5.3 INDIVIDUAL PRIORITY PROJECT CATEGORIES 7 5.4 TREATMENT CONTROL BMPS 7 5.4.1 TREATMENT CONTROL BMP DESIGN STANDARDS 8 5.4.2 TREATMENT CONTROL BMP SELECTION 8 5.4.3 POLLUTANTS OF CONCERN 8 5.4.4 STRUCTURAL TREATMENT CONTROL BMP SELECTION 9 5.4.5 TREATMENT CONTROL BMP INFORMATION 9 5.4.6 STRUCTURAL TREATMENT LIMITED EXCLUSIONS.... 9 5.5 PERMANENT BMPS APPLICABLE TO THE PROJECT SITE 9 6.0 CONSTRUCTION STORM WATER BMPS 10 7.0 IMPLEMENTATION & MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS 10 7.1 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PLAN 10 7.2 ACCESS EASEMENT/AGREEMENT 10 8.0 APPENDICES 11 APPENDIX A: VICINITY MAP APPENDIX B: STORM WATER STANDARDS QUESTIONNAIRE PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS TABLE OF CONTENTS (CONTINUED) ITEM PAGE APPENDIX C: CITY OF CARLSBAD STANDARDS EXCERPTS • TABLE 1: STANDARD DEVELOPMENT PROJECT & PRIORITY PROJECT STORM WATER BMP REQUIREMENTS MATRDC • TABLE 2: ANTICIPATED AND POTENTIAL POLLUTANTS GENERATED BY LAND USE TYPE • TABLE 3: NUMERIC SIZING TREATMENT STANDARDS • TABLE 4: STRUCTURAL TREATMENT CONTROL BMP SELECTION MATRDC • APPENDIX B: DRAFT ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS WITHIN THE CIIY OF CARLSBAD MAP APPENDDC D: PRELIMINARY HYDROLOGY STUDY • 'PRELIMINARY HYDROLOGY STUDY FOR STATE STREET CONDOS' PREPARED BY O'DAY CONSULTANTS, INC DATED FEB. 11, 2009 APPENDIX E: BENEFICIAL USES OF RECEIVING WATERS APPENDIX F: 2006 CWA SECTION 303(d) LIST OF WATER QUALHY LIMITED SEGMENTS APPENDIX G: SOURCE CONTROL BMP FACT SHEETS • CHY OF CARLSBAD GS-16: REFUSE BIN ENCLOSURES • CASQA SD-10: SHE DESIGN AND LANDSCAPE PLANNING • CASQA SD-11: ROOF RUNOFF CONTROLS • CASQA SD-12: EFFICIENT IRRIGATION • CASQA SD-32: TRASH ENCLOSURES APPENDIX H: TREATMENT CONTROL BMP FACT SHEETS • CASQA TC-32: BIORETENTION • SECTION 6: LONG-TERM MAINTENANCE OF BMPS APPENDIX I: APPLICABLE MANUFACTURER'S BMP INFORMATION APPENDIX J: MAP EXHIBHS • PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN BMP EXHIBIT PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS 1.0 INTRODUCTION Federal, state and local agencies have established goals and objectives for storm water quality in the region. The proposed project is a priority project as defined in Order No. 2007-01 by the San Diego Region of the California Water Quality Control Board. As a result, the project is subject to SUSMP requirements. In addition, prior to the start of constmction activities, the project will comply with all federal, state and local permits including the Stormwater Management Plan (SWMP) required under the County of San Diego Watershed Protection, Stormwater Management, and Discharge Control Ordinance (WPO) (section 67.871), the City of Carlsbad's Standard Urban Storm Water Mitigation Plan, and the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) from the Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB). The purpose of this SWMP is to address the water quality impacts from the proposed improvements as shown on the Tentative Map. This report will provide guidelines in developing and implementing post construction Best Management Practices (BMPs) for storm water quality. The proposed developed condition for State Street Condos as shown on the Tentative Map consists of two multi-unit buildings being constructed on the north and south ends of the site with a drive aisle in the middle. A total of 9 residential units are being proposed. A majority of the runoff will flow via sheet flow and through roof drains into landscape areas and then continue to sheet flow to the gutter. 1.1 PURPOSE This Storm Water Management Plan has been written to the standards set forth in the City of Carlsbad Engineering Standards, Volume 4: Storm Water Standai'ds Manual (BMPs) (2008 Edition). This report will reference these standards as 'City Standards.' 1.2 LOCATION The project is located according to the vicinity map found in Appendix A. 2.0 PROJECT REVIEW & PERMITTING PROCESS In order to complete the Project Review & Permitting Process section of the City Standards the Storm Water Standards Questionnaire has been completed. For reference, this document has been included in Appendix B: Storm Water Standards Questionnaire. 2.1 DETERMINE APPLICABLE STORM WATER BMP REQUIREMENTS Based on the completed Storm Water Standards Questionnaire completed for the project (see Appendix B: Storm Water Requirements Applicability Checklist) the following requirements apply to the project: 2.2 PRIORITY PROJECT PERMANENT STORM WATER BMP REQUIREMENTS PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS Based on Section 1: New Development of the Storm Water Standards Questionnaire, the project meets priority requirements. Since the project is subject to priority project standards the design should incorporate all applicable requirements identified in Sections 2.3.3 'Establish Permanent Storm Water Best Management Practices' per the City Standards. This should include Low Impact Development (LID) site design and source control BMPs; BMPs applicable to individual priority projects; and treatment control BMPs. Further guidance on these requirements can be found on page 10 of the City Standards. 3.0 PREPARE AND SUBMIT APPROPRIATE PLANS Based on the general categories of storm water requirements that are applicable to the project as described in section 2, the following categories from Table 1: Standai'd Development Project & Priority Project Storm Water BMP Requirements Matrix found on page 6 of the City Standards apply: 3.1 REQUIRED BMP ELEMENTS The following are required BMP elements for the project and one or more applicable BMPs must be utilized: • Site Design BMPs • Source Control BMPs • Applicable to Individual Priority Projects o Surface Parking Areas • Treatment Control BMPs 4.0 PERMANENT BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES SELECTION This section will identify what permanent best management practices will apply to project: 4.1 IDENTIFY POLLUTANTS FROM THE PROJECT AREA Based on the general pollutant categories and project categories as described in Table 2: Anticipated and Potential Pollutants Generated by Land Use Type found on page 8 of the City Standards, the project has the following pollutants: 4.1.1 ANTICIPATED POLLUTANTS OF CONCERN The following ai'e anticipated pollutants of concern for the project: • Heavy Metal • Organic Compounds (petroleum hydrocarbons) • Trash & Debris • Oil & Grease 2- PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS 4.1.2 POTENTIAL POLLUTANTS OF CONCERN The following are potential pollutants of concern for the project: • Sediment • Nutrients (due to landscaping) • Oxygen Demanding Substances (due to landscaping) • Pesticides (due to landscaping) 4.2 IDENTIFY POLLUTANTS OF CONCERN IN RECEIVING WATERS This section will identify the pollutants or concern, if any, in the receiving waters of the project proposed drainage pattern. 4.2.1 IDENTIFY THE HYDROLOGIC UNIT CONTRIBUTION The State Street Condos project is located in the Buena Vista Hydrologic Subarea (904.21) of the Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit in the San Diego Region. 4.2.2 IDENTIFY 303(d) IMPAIRMENTS IN THE RECEIVING WATERS In the 2006 CW Section 303(d) List of Water Quality Limited Segments, the Buena Vista Lagoon is impaired for bacteria indicators, nutrients, and sedimentation/siltation. Portions of Carlsbad where construction sites have the potential to discharge into a tributary of a 303(d) or directly into a 303(d) water body or sites located within 200 feet of an ESA require additional BMP implementation. 4.3 BENEFICIAL USES OF RECEIVING WATERS The beneficial uses for the hydrologic unit are included in Appendix E and a summary of the applicable definitions are listed below. This information comes from the Water Quality Control Plan for the San Diego Basin. 4.3.1 BIOL - PRESERVATION OF BIOLOGICAL HABITATS OF SPECIAL SIGNIFICANCE This beneficial use includes uses of water that support designated areas or habitats, such as established refuges, parks, sanctuaries, ecological reserves, or Areas of Special Biological Significance (ASBS), where the preservation or enhancement of natural resources requires special protection. 4.3.2 REC-1 CONTACT RECREATION This beneficial use includes uses of water for recreational activities involving body contact with water, where ingestion of water is reasonably possible. These uses include, but are not limited to, swimming, wading, water-skiing, skin and SCUBA diving, surfing, white water activities, fishing, or use of natural hot springs. PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS 4.3.3 REC-2 - NON-CONTACT RECREATION This beneficial use includes the uses of water for recreational activities involving proximity to water, but not normally involving body contact with water, where ingestion of water is reasonably possible. These include, but are not limited to, picnicking, sunbathing, hiking, camping, boating, tide pool and marine life study, hunting, sightseeing, or aesthetic enjoyment in conjunction with the above activities. 4.3.4 EST - ESTUARINE HABITAT This beneficial use includes the uses of water that support estuarine ecosystems including, but not limited to, preservation or enhancement of estuarine habitats, vegetation, fish, or wildlife (e.g., estuarine mammals, waterfowl, shorebirds). 4.3.5 MAR-MARINE HABITAT This beneficial use includes uses of water that support marine ecosystems including, but not limited to, preservation or enhancement or marine habitats, vegetation such as kelp, fish, shellfish, or wildlife (e.g., marine mammals, shorebirds). 4.3.6 WILD - WILDLIFE HABITAT This beneficial use includes uses of water that support terrestrial ecosystems including but not limited to, preservation and enhancement of terrestrial habitats, vegetation, wildlife, (e.g., mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, invertebrates), or wildlife water food and sources. 4.3.7 RARE - RARE, THREATENED, OR ENDANGERED SPECIES This beneficial use includes uses of water that support habitats necessary, at least in part, for the survival and successful maintenance of plant or animal species established under state or federal law as rare, threatened or endangered. 4.3.8 MIGR -MIGRATION OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS This beneficial use includes uses of water that support habitats necessary for migration, acclimatization between fresh and salt water, or other temporary activities by aquatic organisms, such as anadromous fish. 4.4 IDENTIFY CONDITIONS OF CONCERN In order to determine if the project proposed drainage patterns will affect the downstream conditions, a copy of the project's Preliminary Drainage Study is including in Appendix D: Site Drainage Study. This report is title 'Preliminary Hydrology Study for State Street Condos, March 11, 2009. Based on the findings in this Preliminary drainage study, the onsite water will be treated per this report. -4 PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS 5.0 ESTABLISH PERMANENT STORM WATER BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES Because the project is a Priority Project, all the applicable BMPs will be applied to the project. Where applicable, the project will incorporate storm water BMPs in the project design in the following progression: • Site Design BMPs • Source Control BMPs • Individual Project BMPs • Treatment Control BMPs 5.1 SITE DESIGN BMPS (LOW IMPACT DEVELOPMENT) Site Design BMPs are comprised of the following BMPS: • Maintain Pre-Development Rainfall Runoff Characteristics o Minimize Impervious Footprint o Minimize Directly Connected Impervious Areas o Maximize Canopy Interception and Water Conservation Consistent with the Carlsbad Landscape Manual 5.1.1 MAINTAIN PRE-DEVELOPMENT RAINFALL RUNOFF CHARACTERISTICS This Site Design BMP entails controlling post construction peak storm water discharge at the rate and velocities of the pre-developed condition. 5.1.2 MINIMIZE IMPERVIOUS FOOTPRINT This Site Design BMP and L.I.D. requirement entails minimizing the proposed site impervious footprint through increasing building densities, utilizing pervious construction materials on walkways, driveways, trails, patios, overflow parking areas, alleys and low traffic areas. Examples of materials that can be used are pervious concrete, porous asphalt, unit pavers, and granular materials. In addition, streets, sidewalks, and parking lot aisles can be designed to minimum widths, provided pedestrian safety is not compromised. And lastly, this can be accomplished through the minimization of use of impervious surfaces, such as decorative concrete in landscape design. The proposed design of the project will attempt to utilize this Site Design BMP by minimizing the impervious footprint to the maximum extent practicable. 5.1.4 MINIMIZE DIRECTLY CONNECTED IMPERVIOUS AREAS This Site Design BMP entails minimizing directly connected impervious areas where landscaping is proposed to direct runoff from impervious surfaces such as sidewalks, parking lots, walkways, and patios to landscaping areas. An example of this is tying the area,drains from the upper deck into a single system that will outlet into the landscape area at the ground level. 5- PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS 5.1.5 MAXIMIZE CANOPY INTERCEPTION AND WATER CONSERVATION CONSISTENT WITH THE CARLSBAD LANDSCAPE MANUAL This Site Design BMP entails maximizing canopy interception and water conservation consistent with the Cailsbad Landscape Manual to preserve existing native trees and shrubs, to plant additional native or drought tolerant trees, and to plant large shrubs in place of non-drought tolerant exotic species. The project will utilize this Site Design BMP by having the landscaping designer utilize the applicable City of Carlsbad Landscape Manual and any other applicable City of Carlsbad Standards. 5.2 SOURCE CONTROL BMPS Source Control BMPs are comprised of the following BMPS: • Design Outdoor Material Storage Areas to Reduce Pollution Introduction • Design Trash Storage Areas to Reduce Pollution Introduction • Use Efficient Irrigation Systems and Landscape Design • Provide Storm Water Conveyance System Stenciling and Signage 5.2.1 DESIGN OUTDOOR MATERIAL STORAGE AREAS TO REDUCE POLLUTION INTRODUCTION This Source Control BMP entails placing any and all potentially hazardous materials that have a potential to contaminate urban runoff in storage areas on site that are enclosed in structures such as, but not limited to, cabinets, sheds, or other similar structures that prevent and contain with rain, runoff, or spillage. In addition, secondary structures such as berms, dikes, or curbs will be utilized out side of the storage structure to further prevent contamination. The storage areas shall be paved with a sufficiently impervious material to contain leaks and spills, and shall have a roof or awning to minimize direct contact with precipitation within the secondary containment area. Because the project does not proposed any material storage areas this Source Control BMP will not be utilized. 5.2.2 DESIGN TRASH STORAGE AREAS TO REDUCE POLLUTION INTRODUCTION This Source Control BMP entails designing trash storage areas to reduce pollution introduction. Trash Storage Areas shall be paved with an impervious surface, designed not to allow mnoff from adjoining areas, screened or walled to prevent off-site transportation of trash, and contain attached lids on all trash containers that protects them from precipitation. Altematively, the trash enclosure can contain a roof or awning to minimize direct contact with precipitation. The project will utilize this Source Control BMP by designing and building the trash storage areas according to the City of Carlsbad Standard Drawing GS-16 and in PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS accordance with CASQA SD-32: Trash Enclosures. These areas will be paved with an impervious surface, graded to drain away from the enclosure, and screened and walled to prevent off-site transport of trash. Trash containers will contain attached lids that exclude rain to minimize direct precipitation. A copy of each of these is provided in Appendix G. 5.2.3 USE EFFICIENT IRRIGATION SYSTEMS AND LANDSCAPE DESIGN This Source Control BMP entails employing rain shutoff devices to prevent irrigation during precipitation and this requires all landscaping aspects to be designed per the Carlsbad Landscape Manual. The project will utilize this Source Control BMP by having the landscaping designer utilize the applicable City of Carlsbad Landscape Manual and any other applicable City of Carlsbad Standards. In addition, site irrigation will also be designed in accordance with CASQA SD-10: Site Design and Landscape Planning. A copy of this has been provided in Appendix G. 5.2.4 PROVIDE STORM WATER CONVEYANCE SYSTEM STENCILING AND SIGNAGE This Source Control BMP entails providing storm drain conveyance system stenciling and signage. This shall be done by providing concrete stamping, porcelain tile, insert permanent marking or approved equivalent as approved by the City of Carlsbad, of all storm drain conveyance system inlets and catch basins within the project area with prohibitive language (i.e. "No Dumping -1 Live Downstream') satisfactory to the City Engineer. In addition, signs shall be posted and prohibitive language and/or graphical icons, which prohibit illegal dumping at public access points along channels and creeks within the project ai^ea, trailheads, and parks shall be used. The project will utilize this Source Control BMP by utilizing CASQA SD-13: Storm Drain Stenciling. A copy of this is provided in Appendix G. 5.3 INDIVIDUAL PRIORITY PROJECT CATEGORIES Where identified in Table 1 of the City Standards, the following requirements shall be incorporated into priority projects: Surface Parking Areas. Surface parking areas (covered and uncovered) where landscaping is proposed shall incorporate landscape areas into the drainage design. The project will utilize this Individual Priority Project Category BMP by incorporating the proposed landscaping areas in the drainage pattern as much as feasibly possible. 5.4 TREATMENT CONTROL BMPS Where identified in Table 1 of the City Standards, and after site design and source control BMPs have been incoiporated into the project design, treatment control BMPs may then be utilized. PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS 5.4.1 TREATMENT CONTROL BMP DESIGN STANDARDS Treatment Control BMPs shall be designed to infiltrate, filter, and/or treat mnoff from the project footprint per Table 3: Numeric Sizing Treatment Standards. A copy of Table 3 is provided in Appendix C. There are four guidelines that need to be followed for Treatment Control BMPs: • All Structural Treatment Control BMPs shall infiltrate, filter, and/or treat the required runoff volume or flow prior to discharging to any receiving water body supporting beneficial uses. • Multiple post constmction Stmctural Treatment Control BMPs for a single priority project shall collectively be designed to comply with the numeric sizing treatment standards. • Shared BMPs shall be operational prior to the use of any dependent development or phase of development. The shared BMPs shall only be required to treat the dependent developments or phases of development that are in use. • Interim storm water BMPs that provide equivalent or greater treatment than is required may be implemented by a dependant development until each shared BMP is operational. If interim BMPs are selected, the BMPs shall remain in use until permanent BMPs are operational. 5.4.2 TREATMENT CONTROL BMP SELECTION All projects classified as Priority Projects in the City of Carlsbad shall select a single or combination of treatment control BMPs from the categories listed in Table 4: Structural Treatment Control BMPs Selection Matrix. A copy of Table 4 is provided in Appendix C. This selection matrix will determine the most efficient removal BMP for the pollutants of concern from the project site. The most efficient device or combination of devices shall be utilized to maximize pollutant removal. 5.4.3 POLLUTANTS OF CONCERN Based on the above findings for the proposed site usage the project has the following pollutants of concern: • Sediment (Anticipated) • Nutrients (Potential by use) • Heavy Metals (Anticipated) • Organic Compounds (Anticipated) • Trash & Debris (Anticipated) • Oxygen Demanding Substances (Potential by use) • Oil & Grease (Anticipated) • Pesticides (Potential by use) PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS The other pollutants of concern have not been accounted for because the project landscaping will be designed and installed per the City of Carlsbad Landscape Manual and will incorporate efficient irrigation, pest resistant species, and incorporate drought resistant native species of planting. 5.4.4 STRUCTURAL TREATMENT CONTROL BMP SELECTION Based on the pollutants of concern present from the project site and the removal efficiencies listed in Table 4: Stmctural Treatment Control BMP Selection Matrix, the Stmctural Treatment Control BMP with the most efficient removal efficiencies for the project is as follows (listed most to least efficient): • Bioretention (see Appendix J for sizing calculations) Based on the above mentioned removal efficiencies and limited space on site, the project shall incorporate a combination of biofiiters on site. Higher removal efficient stmctural treatment control devices could not be used on site due to the limited space to accommodate their proper design and implementation. 5.4.5 STRUCTURAL TREATMENT LIMITED EXCLUSIONS No Stmctural Treatment Limited Exclusions apply to this project as defined in the City Standards. 5.5 PERMANENT BMPS APPLICABLE TO THE PROJECT SITE Based on the above findings, the following permanent BMPs will be established for the project: Site Design BMPs: • Maintain Pre-Development Rainfall Runoff Characteristics o Minimize Impervious Footprint o Minimize Directly Connected Impervious Areas o Maximize Canopy Interception and Water Conservation Consistent with the Carlsbad Landscape Manual Source Control BMPs: • Design Trash Storage Areas to Reduce Pollution Introduction • Use Efficient Irrigafion Systems and Landscape Design • Provide Storm Water Conveyance System Stenciling and Signage PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS 6.0 CONSTRUCTION STORM WATER BMPS Based on the size of the project site the City of Carlsbad will require that a separate document be prepared. If the project site is less then one acre then the project will require a Water Pollution Control Plan. If the project site is one acre of more then a Storm Water Pollufion Prevention Plan will be required. Since the project has a disturbed area more than one acre a SWPPP will be required. Constmction BMPs and any applicable design standards can be found in this separate document. 7.0 IMPLEMENTATION & MAINTENANCE REQUIREMENTS Once the City of Carlsbad approves all the project BMPs, the applicants and the City Project Managers must ensure proper implementation of the selected BMPs. In order to accomplish effective implementation and maintenance the City of Carlsbad may require that some sort of Permanent BMP Maintenance Agreement be entered into. This will be at the discrefion of the City of Carlsbad Staff In the event that a Permanent BMP Maintenance Agreement is required by City Staff, the following items will need to be addressed: 7.1 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PLAN The applicant shall include and Operation & Maintenance Plan (O&M), prepared satisfactory to the City, with the approved maintenance agreement, which describes the designated responsible party to mange the storm water BMPs, employee's training program and duties, operating schedule, maintenance frequency, routine service schedule, specific maintenance acfivities (including maintenance of storm water conveyance system stamps), copies of resource agency permits, and any other necessary activities. At a minimum, maintenance agreements shall require the applicant to provide inspection and servicing of all permanent treatment BMPs on an annual basis. The project proponent or City- approved maintenance entity shall complete and maintain O&M forms to document all maintenance requirements. Parties responsible for the O&M plan shall retain records for at least 5 years. These documents shall be made available to the City inspector upon request at any fime. In addition, CASQA Section 6: Long-term Maintenance of BMPs shall be utilized as guide. A copy of this is provided in Appendix H. 7.2 ACCESS EASEMENT/AGREEMENT If a permanent BMP requires access for maintenance, as part of the O&M plan, the applicant shall execute and record an access easement or agreement that shall be binding on the under lying land throughout the life of the project in favor of the party responsible for maintenance, until such time that the permanent treatment BMP requiring access for maintenance is removed or replaced. The City shall approve any changes to the permanent BMPs, O&M plans, or access agreements. The agreement shall include a provision that gives the City the right, but not the obligation to perform the maintenance. The party responsible for BMP maintenance will pay the City for any and all costs uncured by the City for maintaining any BMPs. The agreement will provide a cost recovery provision in favor of the City satisfactory to the City Attorney. -10- PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS 8.0 APPENDICES: The following Appendices are included: Appendix A: Vicinity Map Appendix B: Storm Water Standards Quesfionnaire Appendix C: City of Carlsbad Standards Excerpts • Table 1: Standard Development Project & Priority Project Storm Water BMP Requirements Matrix • Table 2: Anficipated and Potenfial Pollutants Generated by Land Use Type • Table 3: Numeric Sizing Treatment Standards • Table 4: Stmctural Treatment Control BMP Selection Matrix • Appendix B: Draft Environmentally Sensifive Areas Within the City of Carlsbad Map Appendix D: Site Drainage Study • Preliminary Hydology Study for State Street Condos by O'Day Consultants, Inc date March 11, 2009. Appendix E: Beneficial Uses of Receiving Waters Appendix F: 2006 CWA Secfion 303(d) List of Water Quality Limited Segments Appendix G: Source Control BMP Fact Sheets Carlsbad Standard Drawing GS-16: Refuse Bin Enclosures CASQA SD-10: Site Design and Landscape Planning CASQA SD-11: Roof Runoff Controls CASQA SD-12: Efficient Irrigafion CASQA SD-32: Trash Enclosures Appendix H: Treatment Control BMP Fact Sheets CASQA TC-32: Bioretenfion Section 6: Long-term Maintenance of BMPs Appendix I: Applicable Manufacturer's BMP Information Appendix J: Map Exhibits • State Street Condos Storm Water Management Plan BMPs Exhibit PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS APPENDIX A: VICINITY MAP CITY OF OCEANSIDE HIGHWAY. CITY OF VISTA CITY OF SAN MARCOS VICINITY MAP NO SCALE STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS APPENDIX B: STORM WATER STANDARDS QUESTIONNAIRE Please see attached. Z?5///7-5 ^ STORMWATER „ , <^'r« STANDARDS Development Services • ^' nl\Uf\t\u<f Engineering Department ^ CITY OF QUESTIONNAIRE iess Faraday Avenue CARLSBAD £-34 760-602-2750 www.carlsbadca.gov 5^^-/e 6yr^(g'/ ^077 (Q/O & , INSTRUCTIONS: | This questionnaire must be completed by applicant in advance of submitting for a development application (subdivision and land use planning approvals and construction permits). The results of the questionnaire determine the level of storm water pollution prevention standards applied to a proposed development or redevelopment project. Many aspects of project site design are dependent upon the storm water pollution protection standards applied to a project. Applicant responses to the questionnaire represent an initial assessment of the proposed project conditions and impacts. City staff has responsibility for making the final assessment after submission of the development application. A staff determination that the development application is subject to more stringent storm water standards than initially assessed by the applicant, wili result in the return of the development application as incomplete. If applicants are unsure about the meaning of a question or need help in determining how to respond to one or more of the questions, they are advised to seek assistance from Engineering Department Development Services staff. A separate completed and signed questionnaire must be submitted for each new development application submission. Only one completed and signed questionnaire is required when multiple development applications for the same project are submitted concurrently. In addition to this questionnaire, applicants for construction penmits must also complete, sign and submtt a Construction Activity Storm Water Standards Questionnaire. To address pollutants that may be generated from new development, the city requires that new development and significant redevelopment priority projects incorporate Pemianent Storm Water Best Management Practices (BMPs) into the project design, which are described In Section 2 of the city's Stomn Water Standards Manual This questionnaire should be used to categorize new development and significant redevelopment projects as priority or non-priority, to determine what level of storm water standards are required or if the project is exempt 1. Is your project a significant redevelopment? Definition: • Significant redevelopment is defined as the creation or addition of at least 5.000 square feet of impervious surface on an already developed site, y ^6 Significant redevelopment includes, but is not limited to: the expansion of a building footprint: addition to or replacement of a structure; structural development including an increase in gross floor area and/or exterior construction remodeling; replacement of an impen/ious surface that is not part of a routine maintenance activity; and land disturbing activities related with structural or impen/ious surfaces. Replacement of impen/ious surfaces includes any activity that is not part of a routine maintenance activity where impervious material(s) are removed, exposing underlying soil during construction. Note: If the Significant Redevelopment results in an increase of less than fifty percent of the impervious surfaces of a previously existing development, and the existing development was not subject to SUSMP requirements, the numeric sizing criteria discussed in Section F.l.b. (2)(c) applies only to the addition, and not to the entire development. 2. If your project IS considered significant redevelopment, then please skip Section 1 and proceed with Section 2. 3. If your project IS NOT considered significant redevelopment, then please proceed to Section 1. E-34 Pagel of3 REV8/12/09 CITY OF CARLSBAD STORM WATER STANDARDS QUESTIONNAIRE E-34 Development Services Engineering Department 1635 Faraday Avenue 760-602-2750 www.carlsbadca.gov SECTION 1 NEW DEVELOPMENT PRIORITY PROJECT TYPE Does you project meet one or more of the following criteria: YES NO 1. Home subdivision of 100 units or more. Includes SFD, MFD, Condominium and Apartments 2. Residential development of 10 units or more. Includes SFD. MFD, Condominium and Apartments 3. Commercial and Industrial development areater than 100.000 sauare feet inciudina paridna areas. Any development on private land that is not for heavy industrial or residential uses. Example: Hospitals, Hotels, Recreational Facilities, Shopping Malls, etc. 4. Heavv Industrial/ Industn/ areater than 1 acre (NEED SIC CODES FOR PERMIT BUSINESS TYPES) SIC codes 5013, 6014, 5541, 7532-7534, and 7536-7639 5. Automotive reoair shoo. SIC codes 5013. 5014, 5541. 7532-7534, and 7536-7539 6. A New Restaurant where the land area of develooment Is 5.000 sauare feet or more inciudina parkina areas. SIC code 5812 7. Hillside develooment (1) greater than 5,000 square feet of impervious surface area and (2) development will grade on any natural slope that is 25% or greater 8. Envimnmentallv Sensitive Area (ESA). Impervious surface of 2,500 square feet or more located within, "directly adjacent"^ to (within 200 feet), or 'discharging directly to"^ receivinq water within the ESA^ 9. Parkina lot Area of 5,000 square feet or more, or with 15 or more parking spaces, and potentially exposed to urban runoff 10. Retail Gasoline Outlets - ^ervina more than 100 vehicles per dav. Serving more than 100 vehicles per day and greater than 5,000 square feet 11. Streets, roads, hiahwavs. and freeways. Project would create a new paved surface that is 5.000 square feet or greater. 12. Coastal Develooment Zone. Within 200 feet of the Pacific Ocean and (1) creates more than 2500 square feet of impenneable surface or (2) increases impermeable surface on property by more than 10%. 1 ESA (Environmentally Sensitive Areas) include but are not limited to all Clean Water Act Section 303(d) impaired water bodies: areas designated as Areas of Special Biological Significance by the State Water Resources Control Board (Water Quality Control Plan for the San Diego Basin (1994) and amendments); water bodies designaled with the RARE beneficial use by the State Water Resources Control Board (Water Quality Control Plan for the San Diego Basin (1994) and amendments); areas designated as preserves or their equivalent under the Multi Species Conservation Program within the Cities and County of San Diego; and any other equivalent environmentally sensitive areas which have been identified by the co-permittees. 2 "Directly adjacenf means situated within 200 feet of the environmentally sensitive area. 3 "Discharging directly to" means outflow from a drainage conveyance system that is composed entirely of flows from the subject development or redevetopment site, and not commingled with flow from adjacent lands. Section 1 Results: If you answered YES to ANY of the questions above you have a PRIORITY project and PRIORITY project requirements DO apply. A Storm Water Management Plan, prepared in accordance with City Stomi Water Standards, must be submitted at time of application. Please check the "MEETS PRIORITY REQUIREMENTS" box in Section 3. If you answered NO to ALL of the questions above, then you are a NON-PRIORrTY project and STANDARD requirements apply Please check the "DOES NOT MEET PRIORITY REQUIREMENTS' box in Section 3. E-34 Page 2 of 3 REV 8/12/09 CITY OF CARLSBAD STORM WATER STANDARDS QUESTIONNAIRE E-34 Development Services Engineering Department 1635 Faraday Avenue 760-602-2750 www.carlsbadca.gov SECTION 2 SIGNIFICANT REDEVELOPMENT: YES 1 NO j 1. If the existing development was constructed today, would it qualify as a priority project? (Priority projects are defined in Section 1) If you answered YES, please proceed to question 2. If you answered NO, then you ARE NOT a significant redevelopment and you ARE NOT subject to PRIORITY project requirements, only STANDARD requirements. Please check the "DOES NOT MEET PRIORITY REQUIREMENTS" box in Section 3 below. 2. Is the project solely limited to one of the following: a. Trenching and resurfacing associated with utility wori<? b. Resurfacing and reconfiguring existing surface parking lots? c. New sidewalk construction, pedestrian ramps, or bike lane on public and/or private existing roads? d. Replacement of existing damaged pavement? If you answered NO to ALL of the questions, then proceed to Question 3. If you answered YES to ONE OR MORE of the questions then you ARE NOT a significant redevelopment and you ARE NOT subject to PRIORITY project requirements, only STANDARD requirements. Please check the "DOES NOT MEET PRIORITY REQUIREMENTS" box in Section 3 below. 3. Will the development create, replace, or add at least 5,000 square feet of impervious surfaces on an existing development, or be located within 200 feet of the Pacific Ocean and (1) create more than 2500 square feet of impermeable surface or (2) increase impermeable surface on pnDperty by more than 10%? If you answered YES. you ARE a significant redevelopment and you ARE subject to PRIORITY project requirements. Please check the "MEETS WITH REQUIREMENTS" box in Section 3 below. If you answered NO, you ARE NOT a significant redevelopment, and you ARE NOT subject to PRIORITY project requirements, only STANDARD requirements. Please check the 'DOES NOT MEET PRIORITY REQUIREMENTS" box in Section 3 below. SECTION 3 Questionnaire Results: • MY PROJECT MEETS PRIORITY REQUiREMENTS. MUST COMPLY WITH PRIORITY PROJECT STANDARDS AND MUST PREPARE A STORM WATER IVIANAGEMENT PLAN FOR SUBMITTAL AT TIME OF APPLICATION. 0^ MY PROJECT DOES NOT MEET PRIORITY REQUiREMENTS AND MUST ONLY COMPLY WITH STANDARD STORM WATER REQUIREMENTS. Applicant Infonnation and Signature Box Address: ^ . Assessor's Parcel Number(s); -^7-V3 fiii/o* C*/^cU CAO^^iiAj C^<i7^0f AppKcantName^^ ^^^^<L Applicant Title: Applicar^i^^ure: Date: ^ This Box for SSL City Concurrence: Yes No By; Date.- Project ID. E-34 Page 3 of 3 REV 8/12/09 PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS APPENDIX C: CITY OF CARLSBAD STANDARDS EXCERPTS Table 1: Standard Development Project & Priority Project Storm Water BMP Requirements Matrix BMPs Applicable to Individual Priority Project Categories (3) Site Design Source Control Private Roads Residential Driveways & Guest arking Dock Areas Maintenance Bays Vehicle Wash Areas Equipment Wash Areas Outdoor Processing Areas Surface Parking Areas Fuelign Areas Hillside Landscaping Treatment Control BMPs(l) BMPs(2) ca d -a ni BMPs(4) Standard Projects R R 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 Priority Projects: Detached Residential R R R R R s Development Attached Residential R R R s Development Commercial Development R R R R R R s > 100,000 ft^ Automotive Repair R R R R R R R s Restaurants R R R R s Hillside Development <5, 000 ft^ R R R R s Development <5, 000 ft^ Parking Lots R R R(5) s Streets, Highways, & R R s Freeways R = Required; select one or more applicable and appropriate BMPs from the applicable steps in Section III.2.a-d, or equivalent as identified in Appendix C. O = Optional or may be required by City Staff As appropriate, applicants are encouraged to incorporate treatment control BMPs and BMPs applicable to individual priority project categories into the project design. City staff may require one or more of these BMPs, where applicable. S = Select one or more applicable and appropriate treatment control BMPs from Appendix C. (1) Refer to Section in.2.A. (2) Refer to Section III.2.B. (3) Priority Project categories must apply specific storm water BMP requirements, where applicable. Priority projects are subject to the requirements of all priority project categories that apply. (4) Refer to Section m.2.D. (5) Applies if the paved area totals >5,000 square feet or with >15 parkign spaces and is potentially exposed to urban run-off. Source: City of Carlsbad Pubhc Worics Department Standard Urban Storm Water Mitigation Plan Storm Water Standards (2008, page 6) PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS APPENDIX C: CITY OF CARLSBAD STANDARDS EXCERPTS Table 2: Anticipated and Potential Pollutants Generated by Land Use Type Project Categories General Pollutant Categories Project Categories Sediments Nutrients Heavy Metals Organic Compounds Trash & Debris Oxygen Demanding Substances Oil & Grease Bacteria & Viruses Pesticides Detached Residential Development X X X X X X X Attached Residential Development X X X pd) p(2) pd) X Commercial Development > 100,000 ft^ pd) pd) p(2) X p(5) X p(3) ^{^) Automotive Repair X X(4)(5) X X Restaurants X X X X Hillside Development <5, 000 ft^ X X X X X X Parking Lots pd) pd) X pd) X pd) Streets, Highways, & Freeways X pd)X X X(4) X p(5) X Notes: X = Anticipated P = Potential (1) A potential pollutant if landscaping exists on-site. (2) A potential pollutant if the project includes uncovered parking areas. (3) A potential pollutant is land use involves food or animal waste areas. (4) Including petroleum hydrocarbons. (5) Including solvents. Source: Ciiy of Carlsbad Public Works Department Standard Urban Storm Water Mitigation Plan Storm Water Standards (2008, page 8) PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS APPENDIX C: CITY OF CARLSBAD STANDARDS EXCERPTS Table 3: Numeric Sizing Treatment Standards Volume 1. Volume-based BMPs shall be designed to mitigate (infiltrate, filter, or treat) the volume of run-off produced from a 24-Hour 85* percentile storm event, as determined from Isopluvial maps contained in the County of San Diego Hydrology Manual. OR Flow 2. Flow-based BMPs shall be designed to mitigate (inflltrate, filter, or treat) the maximum flow rate of run-off produced from a rainfall intensity of 0.2 inch of rainfall per hour for each hour of a storm event. Source: City of Carlsbad Public Works Department Standard Urban Storm Water Mitigation Plan Storm Water Standards (2008, page 14) PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS APPENDIX C: CITY OF CARLSBAD STANDARDS EXCERPTS Table 4: Structural Treatment Control BMP Selection Matrix Pollutant Of Concern Treatment Control BMP Categories Pollutant Of Concern Biofiiters Detention Basins Infiltration Basins Wet Ponds or Wetlands Drainage Inserts Filtration Hydrodynamic Separator Systems Sediment M H H H L H M Nutrient L M M M L M L Heavy Metals M M M H L H L Organic Compounds U U U U L M L Trash & Debris L H U U M H M Oxygen Demanding Substances L M M M L M L Bacteria U U H U L M L Oil& Grease M M U U L H L Pesticides U U U u L U L Notes: (1) Including trenches and porous pavement. (2) Also known as hydrodynamic devices and baffle boxes L: Low removal efficiency M: Medium removal efficiency H: High removal efficiency U: Unknown removal efficiency Sources: Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Sources of Nonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters (1993), National Stormwater Best Management Practices Database (2001), and Guide for BMP Selection in Urban Development Areas (2001). Source: City of Carlsbad Public Works Department Standard Urban Storm Water Mitigation Plan Storm Water Standards (2008, page 15) PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS APPENDIX D: DRAINAGE STUDY Please see 'Preliminary Hydrology Study for State Street Condos' prepared by O'Day Consultants, Inc dated March 11, 2009 PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS APPENDIX E: BENEFICIAL USES OF COASTAL WATERS Please see attached. 0) tr LU H < < < O o LL O LLI (/> D < O LL Ul 2 LU QQ CO CM .13 (0 H (/) X UJ ^ -J ^ < oc 2 W Q. ^ Z 2 - O CC < a D < 2 < OC lU CO —I < O u. UJ z Ui CQ flC < tr ai ^ _J Q UJ 05 h- DQ — O -J o o 2 5 a: Ui (J DC UJ o z < > - 2 Q .2 C . O) '55 o O (0 rt o m E X 3 0) lb- CO (0 (0 o o CO CM CO 1 8 a> V ** t (0 (0 5 5 ta 03 Sf x: 0) E ^ V» 1-•c o 0.(0 •= to — »- CO TJ X ••3 W •w c m o) 1 -i .2 tp 03 .2 •E c 'S o LU a. PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS APPENDIX F: 2006 CWA SECTION 303(d) LIST OF WATER QUALITY LIMITED SEDIMENT Please see attached. ^ on c/3 S 4> »^ •o ISA - c« Q :s H •a > o a a cn -O O H c/5 o o H U W (/5 l-I -a cs ox '5 .a O CA ^ Q 00 •5 <3 C CX, Jl M <3 a oq Co I' § 05 0 ^5 'S CO o ^ tti . e •K. <^ a ex ^ o 3 •a ^ ^ .9 •o 2 ? * -a O ^ o H ox e 3 o H Om X a. X a. X PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS APPENDIX G: SOURCE CONTROL BMP FACT SHEETS Please see attached. Site Design & Landscape Planning SD-10 i^^r •'"'i'i' Design Objectives 0 Maximize Infiltration 0 Provide Retention 0 Slow Runoff 0 Minimize Impervious Land Coverage Prohibit Dumping of Improper Materials Contain Pollutants Collect and Convey Description Each project site possesses unique topographic, hydrologic, and vegetative features, some of which are more suitable for development than others. Integrating and incorporating appropriate landscape planning metliodologies into the project design is the most effective action that can be done to niinimize surface and gromidwater contamination fi*om stormwater. Approach Landscape plamiing should couple consideration of land suitability for urban uses with consideration of commimity goals and projected growth. Project plan designs should conserve natural areas to the extent possible, maximize natural water storage and infiltration oppoitimities, and protect slopes and channels. Suitable Applications Appropriate apphcations include residential, conunercial and industrial areas planned for development or redevelopment. Design Considerations Design requirements for site design and landscapes planning should conform to applicable standards and specifications of agencies with jmisdiction and be consistent with applicable General Plan and Local Aiea Plan policies. January 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com 1 of 4 SD-10 Site Design & Landscape Planning Designing New Installations Begin the development of a plan for the landscape unit with attention to the following general principles: • Formulate the plan on the basis of clearly articulated community goals. Carefully identify conflicts and choices between retaining and protecting desired resources and community growtii. • Map and assess land suitability for urban uses. Include the following landscape features in the assessment: wooded land, open unwooded laud, steep slopes, erosion-prone soils, foundation suitability, soil suitability for waste disposal, aquifers, aquifer recharge areas, wetlands, floodplains, surface waters, agricultm-al lands, and various categories of urban land use. Wlien appropriate, the assessment can higlilight outstanding local or regional resomrces that the community determines should be protected (e.g., a scenic area, recreational area, threatened species liabitat, farmland, fish nm). Mapping and assessment should recognize not only these resources but also additional areas needed for their sustenance. Project plan designs should conserve natural areas to the extent possible, maximize natural water storage and infiltration opportunities, and protect slopes and channels. Conserve Natural Areas during Landscape Planning If applicable, the following items are required and must be hnplemented in the site layout during the subdivision design and approval process, consistent with applicable General Plan and Local Area Plan poHcies: • Cluster development on least-sensitive portions of a site while leaving the remaining land in a natural imdisturbed condition. • Limit clearing and grading of native vegetation at a site to the minimum amount needed to build lots, allow access, and provide fire protection. • Maximize trees and otiier vegetation at each site by planting additional vegetation, clusteiing tree areas, and promoting the use of native and/or drought tolerant plants. • Promote natural vegetation by using parking lot islands and other landscaped areas. • Preserve riparian areas and wetlands. Maximize Natural Water Storage and Infilti-ation Opportunities Within the Landscape Unit • Promote the conservation of forest cover. Building on land that is already deforested affects basin hydrology to a lesser extent tlian conveiting forested land. Loss of forest cover reduces interception storage, detention in the organic forest floor layer, and water losses by evapotranspiration, resulting in large peak rmioff increases and either their negative effects or the expense of countering them wilii structural solutions. • Maintain natural storage reservoirs and drainage corridors, including depressions, areas of penneable soils, swales, and intermittent streams. Develop and implement policies and 2 of 4 California Stormwater BI^P Handbook January 2003 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com Site Design & Landscape Planning SD-10 regulations to discourage the clearing, filling, and channelization of these features. Utilize them iu drainage networks in preference to pipes, culverts, and engineered ditches. • Evaluating infiltration opportimities by referring to the stormwater management manual for the jurisdiction and pay particular attention to the selection criteria for avoiding groundwater contamination, poor soils, and hydrogeological conditions that cause these facilities to fail. If necessary, locate developments with lai'ge amounts of impervious surfaces or a potential to produce relatively contaminated runoff away from groundwater recharge areas. Protection of Slopes and Channels during Landscape Design • Convey runoff safely fi*om tlie tops of slopes. • Avoid disturbing steep or unstable slopes. • Avoid disturbing natural channels. • Stabilize disturbed slopes as quickly as possible. • Vegetate slopes with native or drought tolerant vegetation. • Control and treat flows in landscaping and/or other controls prior to reaching existing natural drainage systems. • Stabilize temporary and permanent chaimel crossings as quickly as possible, and ensure that increases in run-off velocity and frequency caused by the project do not erode the channel. • Install energy dissipaters, such as riprap, at the outlets of new stonn drains, culverts, conduits, or channels that enter unlined channels in accordance with applicable specifications to minimize erosion. Energy dissipaters shall be installed in such a way as to ininimize impacts to receiving waters. • Line on-site conveyance channels where appropriate, to reduce erosion caused by increased flow velocity due to increases in tiibutary impervious area. Tlie first choice for linings should be grass or some other vegetative surface, since tiiese materials not only reduce runoff velocities, but also provide water quality benefits from filtration and infiltration. If velocities in the channel are higli enough to erode grass or other vegetative linings, riprap, concrete, soil cement, or geo-grid stabihzation are other alternatives. • Consider other design principles that are comparable and equally effective. Redeveloping Existing Installations Various jurisdictional stomiwater management and mitigation plans (SUSMP, WQMP, etc.) define "redevelopment" in ternis of amoimts of additional impervious area, increases in gross floor area and/or exterior construction, aud land disturbing activities witli structural or impervious surfaces. Tlie definition of ** redevelopment" must be consulted to determine whether or not the requirements for new development apply to areas intended for redevelopment. If the definition applies, die steps outimed under "designing new installations" above should be followed. January 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 4 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com SD-10 Site Design & Landscape Planning Redevelopment may present significant opportunity to add features which had not previously been implemented. Examples include incorporation of depressions, areas of permeable soils, and swales in newly redeveloped areas. While some site constraints may exist due to the status of already existing infrastructure, opportunities should not be missed to maximize infiltration, slow runoff, reduce impervious areas, disconnect directly connected impervious areas. Other Resources A Manual for the Standard Urban Stormwater Mitigation Plan (SUSMP), Los Angeles County Department of Public Works, May 2002. Stormwater Management Manual for Western Washington, Washington State Department of Ecology, August 2001. Model Standard Urban Storai Water Mitigation Plan (SUSMP) for San Diego County, Port of San Diego, and Cities in San Diego County, February 14,2002. Model Water Quality Management Plan (WQMP) for County of Orange, Orange County Flood Control Distiict, and the Incorporated Cities of Orange County, Draft February 2003. Veiitura Countywide Tedinical Guidance Manual for Stormwater Quality Control Measures, July 2002. 4 of 4 California Stormwater BMP Handbook January 2003 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com Roof Runoff Controls SD-11 Design Objectives •/ Maximize Infiltration y Provide Retention y Slow Runoff Minimize Impervious Land Coverage Prohibit Dumping of Improper Materials y Contain Pollutants Collect and Convey Rain Garden Description Various roof mnoff controls are available to address stormwater that drains off rooftops. The objective is to reduce the total volume and rate of runoff from individual lots, and retain the pollutants on site that may be picked up from roofing materials and atmospheric deposition. Roof runoff controls consist of directing the roof runoff away from paved areas and mitigating flow to the storm drain system through one of several general approaches: cisterns or rain barrels; dry wells or infiltration trenches; pop-up emitters, and foundation planting. The first three approaches require fhe roof runoff to be contained in a gutter and downspout system. Foundation planting provides a vegetated strip under the drip line of the roof. Approach Design of individual lots for single-family homes as well as lots for higher density residential and commercial structures should consider site design provisions for containing and infiltrating roof runoff or directing roof runoff to vegetative swales or buffer areas. Retained water can be reused for watering gardens, lawns, and trees. Benefits to the environment include reduced demand for potable water used for irrigation, improved stormwater quality, increased groundwater recharge, decreased runoff volume and peak flows, and decreased flooding potential. Suitable Applications Appropriate applications include residential, commercial and industrial areas planned for development or redevelopment. Design Considerations Designing New Installations Cisterns or Rain Barrels One method of addressing roof runoff is to direct roof downspouts «« ^ to cisterns or rain barrels. A cistern is an above ground storage SQA vessel vdth either a manually operated valve or a permanently open California oufiet. Roof runoff is temporarily stored and then released for "^oT^ttv*' irrigation or infiltration between storms. The number of rain • Association January 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbook.com 1 of 3 SD-11 Roof Runoff Controls barrels needed is a function of the rooftop area. Some low impact developers recommend that every house have at least 2 rain barrels, with a minimum storage capacity of 1000 liters. Roof barrels serve several purposes including mitigating the first flush from the roof which has a high volume, amount of contaminants, and thermal load. Several types of rain barrels are commercially available. Consideration must be given to selecting rain barrels that are vector proof and childproof. In addition, some barrels are designed with a bypass valve that filters out grit and other contaminants and routes overflow to a soak-away pit or rain garden. If the cistern has an operable valve, the valve can be closed to store stormwater for irrigation or infiltration between storms. This system requires continual monitoring by the resident or grounds crews, but provides greater flexibility in water storage and metering. If a cistern is provided with an operable valve and water is stored inside for long periods, the cistern must be covered to prevent mosquitoes from breeding, A cistern system with a permanently open outlet can also provide for metering stormwater runoff. If the cistern outlet is significantly smaller than the size of the downspout inlet (say VA to V2 inch diameter), runoff will build up inside the cistern during storms, and will empty out slowly after peak intensities subside. This is a feasible way to mitigate the peak flow increases caused by rooftop impervious land coverage, especially for the frequent, small storms. Dry wells and Infiltration Trenches Roof downspouts can be directed to dry wells or infiltration trenches. A dry well is constructed by excavating a hole in the ground and filling it with an open graded aggregate, and allowing the water to fill the diy well and infiltrate after the storm event. An underground connection from the downspout conveys water into the dry well, allowing it to be stored in the voids. To minimize sedimentation from lateral soil movement, the sides and top of the stone storage matrix can be wrapped in a permeable filter fabric, though the bottom may remain open. A perforated observation pipe can be inserted vertically into the dry well to allow for inspection and maintenance. In practice, dry wells receiving runoff from single roof downspouts have been successful over long periods because they contain very little sediment. They must be sized according to the amount of rooftop runoff received, but are typically 4 to 5 feet square, and 2 to 3 feet deep, with a minimum of i-foot soil cover over the top (maximum depth of 10 feet). To protect the foundation, dry wells must be set away from the building at least 10 feet. They must be installed in solids that accommodate infiltration. In poorly drained soils, dry wells have very limited feasibility. Infiltration trenches function in a similar manner and would be particularly effective for larger roof areas. An infiltration trench is a long, narrow, rock-filled trench with no outlet that receives stormwater runoff. These are described under Treatment Controls. Pop-up Drainage Emitter Roof downspouts can be directed to an underground pipe that daylights some distance from the building foundation, releasing the roof runoff through a pop-up emitter. Similar to a pop-up irrigation head, the emitter only opens when there is flow from the rool The emitter remains flush to the ground during dry periods, for ease of lawn or landscape maintenance. 2 of 3 California Stormwater BMP Handbook January 2003 New Deveiopment and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbook.com Roof Runoff Controls SD-11 Foundation Planting Landscape planting can be provided around the base to allow increased opportunities for stormwater infiltration and protect the soil from erosion caused by concentrated sheet flow coming off the roof Foundation plantings can reduce the physical impact of water on the soil and provide a subsurface matrix of roots that encourage inflltration. These plantings must be sturdy enough to tolerate the heavy runoff sheet flows, and periodic soil saturation. Redeveloping Existing Installations Various jurisdictional stormwater management and mitigation plans (SUSMP, WQMP, etc.) define "redevelopment" in terms of amounts of additional impervious area, increases in gross floor area and/or exterior construction, and land disturbing activities vdth structural or impervious surfaces. The definition of" redevelopment" must be consulted to determine whether or not the requirements for new development apply to areas intended for redevelopment. If the definition applies, the steps outlined under "designing new installations" above should be followed. Supplemental Information Examples m City of Ottawa's Water Links Surface -Water Quality Protection Program • City of Toronto Downspout Disconnection Program • City of Boston, MA, Rain Barrel Demonstration Program Other Resources Hager, Marty Catherine, Stormwater, "Low-Impact Development", January/February 2003. www.stormh20.com Low Impact Urban Design Tools, Low Impact Development Design Center, Beltsville, MD. wnA'w.lid-stormvvater.net Start at the Source, Bay Area Stormwater Management Agencies Association, 1999 Edition January 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 3 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbook.com Efficient Irrigation SD-12 Design Objectives 0 Maximize Infiltration 0 Provide Retention 0 Slow Runoff Minimize Imper\fl0us Land Coverage Prohibit Dumping of Improper Materials Contain Pollutants Collect and Convey Description ' ' ''"" Inigation water provided to landscaped areas may result in excess irrigation water being conveyed into stormwater drainage systems. Approach Project plan designs for developnient and redevelopment should include application methods of irrigation water that minimize mnoff of excess irrigation water into the stormwater conveyance system. Suitable Applications Appropriate applications include residential, coimnercial and industiial areas planned for development or redevelopment. (Detached residential single-family homes are typically excluded fiom tliis requirement.) Design Considerations Designing New Installations The following methods to reduce excessive irrigation iimoff should be considered, and incorporated and implemented wliere determined applicable and feasible bythe Permittee: • Employ rain-triggered shutoff devices to prevent irrigation after precipitation. • Design irrigation systems to each landscape area's specific water requirements. • Include design featuring flow reducers or shutoff valves triggered by a pressure drop to control water loss in the event of broken sprinkler heads or lines. • Implement landscape plans consistent with County or City water conservation resolutions, which may include provision of water sensors, programmable irrigation times (for short cycles), etc. January 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com 1 of 2 SD-12 Efficient Irrigation • Design timing and apphcation metiiods of inigation water to minimize the runoff of excess irrigation water into the storm water drainage system. • Group plants witli similar water requirements in order to reduce excess irrigation runoff and promote surface filtration. Choose plants with low irrigation requirenients (for example, native or drought tolerant species). Consider design features such as: - Using mulches (such as wood chips or bar) in planter areas without ground cover to minimize sediment in mnoff - InstaUing appropriate plant materials for the location, in accordance vvitli amount of sunlight and climate, and use native plant materials where possible and/or as recommended by the landscape architect - Leaving a vegetative bai'rier along the propei-ty boundary and interior watercourses, to act as a pollutant filter, where appropriate and feasible - Choosing plants that ininimize or eliminate flie use of fertilizer or pesticides to sustain growth • Employ other comparable, equally effective methods to reduce irrigation water runoff. Redeveloping Existing Installations Vaiious jurisdictional stormwater management and mitigation plans (SUSMP, WQMP, etc.) define "redevelopment" in terms of amounts of additional impervious area, increases in gross floor area and/or exterior constmction, and land disturbing activities with stmctural or inipei*vious sm*faces. The definition of " redevelopment'* must be consulted to determine whether or not the requii-emeiits for new development apply to areas intended for redevelopment. If the definition applies, the steps outhned under "designing new installations" above should be foDowed. Other Resources A Manual for the Standard Urban Stormwater Mitigation Plan (SUSMP), Los Angeles County Department of Public Works, May 2002. Model Standard Urban Storm Water Mitigation Plan (SUSMP) for San Diego County, Port of San Diego, and Cities in San Diego County, Febmary 14,2002. Model Water Quality Management Plan (WQMP) for County of Ormige, Orange County Flood Control District, and the Incorporated Cities of Orange Comity, Draft Febmary 2003. Ventura Countywide Technical Guidance Manual for Stomiwater Quality Control Measures, July 2002. 2 of 2 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Januai7 2003 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com Trash Storage Areas SD-32 Design Objectives Description Trash storage areas are areas where a trash receptacle (s) are Maximize Infiltration located for use as a repository for solid wastes. Stonnwater Provide Retention ranoff from areas where trash is stored or disposed of can be gj^^ ^^^^^ poUuted. In addition, loose trash and debris can be easily transported by water or wind into nearby storm drain inlets. Minimize Impenlous Land cliaimels, and/or creeks. Waste handling operations that may be overage sources of stonnwater pollution include dumpsters, litter control, Prohibit Dumping of Improper and waste piles. Approach Tliis fact sheet contains details on the specific nieasm*es required to prevent or reduce pollutants in stomiwater mnoff associated with trash storage and handling. Preventative measures includuig enclosures, containment stmctures, and impervious pavements to mitigate spiUs, shouldbe used to reduce the likelihood of contamination. Materials 0 Contain Pollutants Collect and Convey Suitable Applications Appropriate applications include residential, coimnercial and industrial areas planned for development or redevelopment. (Detached residential single-famUy homes are typically excluded from this requirement.) Design Considerations Design requirements for waste handling areas are governed by Building and Fire Codes, and by current local agency ordinances and zoning requirements. The design criteria described in this fact sheet are meant to enhance and be consistent with these code and ordinance requirenients. Hazardous waste should be handled in accordance with legal requirements established in Title 22, CaHfornia Code of Regulation. Wastes from coimnercial and industiial sites are typicaUy hauled by either public or comniercial carriers that may have design or access requirements for waste storage areas. The design criteria in this fact sheet are recommendations and are not intended to be in conflict vdth requii'ements established by the waste hauler. Tlie waste hauler should be contacted prior to the design of your site trash coUection areas. Conflicts or issues shouldbe discussed with the local agency. Designing New Installations Trash storage areas should be designed to consider the following structural or treatment control BMPs: • Design trash coiitamer areas so that di'ainage from adjoining roofs and pavement is diverted around the area(s) to avoid run-on. This might include henning or grading the waste handling area to prevent mn-on of stormwater. • Make sm-e trash container areas ai*e screened or walled to prevent off-site transport of trash. January 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 1 of 2 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com SD-32 Trash Storage Areas • Use lined bins or dumpsters to reduce leaking of liquid waste. • Provide roofs, awnings, or attached Hds on aU trash containers to minimize direct precipitation and prevent rainfaU from entering containers. • Pave trash storage areas wth an impervious surface to mitigate spills. • Do not locate storm drains in immediate vicinity of the trash storage area, • Post signs on all dumpsters infonning users that hazardous materials are not to be disposed of therein. Redeveloping Existing Installations Various jurisdictional stormwater management and mitigation plans (SUSMP, WQMP, etc.) define "redevelopment" in terms of amounts of additional impervious area, increases in gross floor area and/or exterior constniction, and land disturbing activities with stmctural or impervious surfaces. Tlie definition of " redevelopment" must be consulted to determine whether or not the requirements for new development apply to areas intended for redevelopment. Ifthe definition applies, tlie steps outlined under "designing new installations" above should be followed. Additional Information Maintenance Considerations The integrity of stractural elements that are subject to damage (i.e., screens, covers, and signs) must be maintained by the owner/operator. Maintenance agreements between the local agency and tlie owner/operator may be required. Some agencies wiU require maintenance deed restrictions to be recorded of the property title. If required by the local agency, maintenance agreements or deed restrictions must be executed by the owner/operator before improvement plans are approved. Other Resources A Manual for the Standard Urban Stonnwater Mitigation Plan (SUSMP), Los Angeles County Department of Public Works, May 2002. Model Standard Urban Stomi Water Mitigation Plan (SUSMP) for San Diego County, Port of San Diego, and Cities in San Diego County, Febraary 14,2002. Model Water Quality Management Plan (WQMP) for County of Orange, Orange County Flood Control District, andthe Incorporated Cities of Orange County, Draft Febraary 2003. Ventura Countywide Technical Guidance Manual for Stomiwater QuaHty Control Measures, July 2002. 2 of 2 California Stormwater BMP Handbook January 2003 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS APPENDIX H: TREATMENT CONTROL BMP FACT SHEETS Please see attached. Bioretention TC-32 Design Considerations • Soil for Infiltration • Tributary Area • Slope • Aesthetics • Enwronmental Side-effects Description Tlie bioretention best inanagement practice (BMP) functions as a soU and plant-based filtration device that removes pollutants through a variety of physical, biological, and cheniical treatment processes. These facilities normally consist ofa grass buffer strip, sand bed, ponding area, organic layer or mulch layer, planting soU, and plants. The rmioff s velocity is reduced by passing over or tiirough buffer strip and subsequently distributed evenly along a ponding area. Exfiltration of the stored water in the bioretention area planting soU into the underlying soils occurs over a period of days. California Expenence None documented. Bioretention has been used as a stormwater BMP since 1992. In addition to Piince George's County, MD and Alexandria, VA, bioretention has been used successfully at urban and suburban areas in Montgomery County, MD; Baltimore County, MD; Chesterfield County, VA; Prince WilHam County, VA; Smith Mountain Lake State Park, VA; and Gary, NC. Advantages • Bioretention provides stormwater treatment that eiUiances the quality of downstream water bodies by temporarily storing mnoff in the BMP and releasing it over a period of four days to the receiving water (EPA, 1999). • Tlie vegetation provides shade and wind breaks, absorbs noise, and improves an area's landscape. Limitations • The bioretention BMP is not recommended for areas \vith slopes greater than 20% or where mature tree removal would Targeted Constituents 0 Sediment 0 Nutrients 0 Trash 0 Metals 0 Bacteria 0 Oil and Grease 0 Organics Legend (Removal Efhctiveness) • Low • High A Medium January 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com 1 of 8 TC-32 Bioretention be required since clogging may result, paiticulaiiy if the BMP receives mnoff with high sediment loads (EPA, 1999). • Bioretention is not a suitable BMP at locations where the water table is within 6 feet of the gi'ound surface and where the surrounding soil stratum is unstable. • By design, bioretention BMPs have tlie potential to create very attractive habitats for mosquitoes and otiier vectors because of liighly organic, often heavily vegetated areas mixed with shallow water. • In cold cHmates tiie soU may freeze, preventing runoff from infiltrating into the planting sofl. Design and Sizing Guidelines • Tlie bioretention area should be sized to captm*e the design stonn rmioff. • In areas whei*e the native sofl pemieability is less than 0.5 in/hr an underdrain should be provided. • Recommended minimum dimensions are 15 feet by 40 feet, although the preferred width is 25 feet. Excavated depth should be 4 feet. • Area should drain completely within 72 hours. • Approximately 1 tree or shmb per 50 ft^ of bioretention area should be included. • Cover area with about 3 inches of mulch. Construction/Tiispection Coftsiderations Bioretention area sliould not be estabUshed uiitU contributing watershed is stabUized. Performance Bioretention removes stormwater poUutants through physical and biological processes, including adsorption, filtration, plant uptake, microbial activity, decomposition, sedimentation and volatilization (EPA, 1999). Adsorption is the process whereby particulate pollutants attach to soU (e.g., clay) or vegetation surfaces. Adequate contact time between the surface and pollutant must be provided for in the design of the system for tliis removal process to occur. Thus, the infiltration rate ofthe soils must not exceed those specified in the design criteria or pollutant removal may decrease. Pollutants removed by adsorption include metals, phosphoms, and hydrocarbons. Filtration occurs as mnoff passes through the bioretention area media, such as the sand bed, groimd cover, and planting soU. Common particulates removed from stonnwater include particulate organic matter, phosphoms, and suspended sohds. Biological processes that occur in wetlands result in poUutant uptake by plants and microorganisms in the soU. Plant growth is sustained by the uptake of nutrients from the soUs, with woody plants locking up these nutrients tlirougli the seasons. Microbial activity within the soil also contributes to the removal of nitrogen and organic matter. Niti'ogen is removed by iiitiifying and denitiifying bacteria, whfle aerobic bacteria ai-e responsible for the decomposition of the organic matter. Microbial processes require oxygen and can result in depleted oxygen leveb if the bioretention area is riot adequately 2 of 8 California Stormwater BMP Handbook January 2003 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com Bioretention TC-32 aerated. Sedimentation occurs in the swale or ponding area as the velocity slows and solids fall out of suspension. Tlie removal effectiveness of bioretention has been studied during field and laboratory studies conducted by the University of Maryland (Davis et al, 1998). During these experiments, synthetic stomiwater nmoff was pumped througii several laboratory and field bioretention areas to simulate typical storm events in Prince George's County, MD. Removal rates for heavy metals and nutrients are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Laboratory and Estimated Bioretention Davis et al. (1998); PGDER (1993) Pollutant Removal Rate Total Phosphorus 70-83% Metals (Cu, Zn, Pb) 93-98% TKN 68-80% Total Suspended Sohds 90% Organics 90% Bacteria 90% Results for both the laboratory and field experiments were simUar for eadi of the pollutants analyzed. Doubling or halving the influent pollutant levels had little effect on the effluent poUutants concentrations (Davis et al, 1998). The microbial activity and plant uptake occurring in the bioretention area will likely result in higher removal rates than tiiose detennined for infiltration BMPs. Siting Criteria Bioretention BMPs are generaUy used to treat stormwater from impervious surfaces at commercial, residential, and industrial areas (EPA, 1999). Implementation of bioretention for stormwater management is ideal for median strips, parking lot islands, and swales. Moreover, the mnoff in these areas can be designed to eitiier divert directly into the bioretention area or convey into the bioretention area by a curb and gutter collection system. Tlie best location for bioretention areas is upland fr om inlets tiiat receive sheet flow from graded areas and at areas tiiat \viU be excavated (EPA, 1999). In order to maximize treatment effectiveness, the site must be graded in such a way tliat minimizes erosive conditions as sheet flow is conveyed to the treatment area. Locations where a bioretention area can be readUy incorporated into the site plan without fiuther environmental damage are preferred. Fiuthermore, to effectively mmimize sediment loadmg in the treatment area, bioretention only should be used in stabUized drainage areas. January 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com 3 of 8 TC-32 Bioretention Additional Design Guideiines The layout of the bioretention area is determined after site constraints such as location of utilities, underlying soUs, existing vegetation, and drainage ai-e considered (EPA, 1999). Sites with loamy sand soUs are especiaUy appropriate for bioretention because the excavated soU can be backfiUed and used as the planting soU, thus eliminating the cost of importing planting soil. Tlie use of bioretention may not be feasible given au unstable surrounding soil stratum, soUs with clay content greater than 25 percent, a site with slopes greater than 20 percent, and/or a site with mature trees that would be removed during constmction of the BMP. Bioretention can be designed to be off-line or on-line of the existing drainage system (EPA, 1999). The drainage area for a bioretention area should be between 0.1 and 0.4 hectares (0.25 and 1.0 acres). Larger drainage areas may require multiple bioretention areas. Furthermore, the maximum drainage area for a bioretention area is determined by the expected rainfaU intensity and mnoff rate. StabiHzed areas may erode when velocities are greater than 5 feet per second (1.5 meter per second). The designer should determine the potential for erosive conditions at the site. Tlie size of the bioretention area, which is a fmiction of tiie drainage area and tiie runoff generated from the ai-ea is sized to capture the water quality volume. Tlie recommended minimum dimensions of the bioretention area are 15 feet (4.6 meters) wide by 40 feet (12.2 meters) long, where the minimum width aUows enough space for a dense, randomly-distributed area of trees and shrabs to become estabhshed. Thus repHcating a natural forest and creating a microclimate, thereby enabling the bioretention area to tolerate the effects of heat stress, acid rain, rmioff pollutants, and insect and disease infestations which landscaped areas in urban settings typicaUy are unable to tolerate. The prefen-ed width is 25 feet (7.6 meters), with a length of twice the width. EssentiaUy, any facUities wider than 20 feet (6.1 meters) should be twice as long as they are wide, which promotes the distribution of flow and decreases the chances of concentrated flow. In order to provide adequate storage and prevent water fi-om standing for excessive periods of time the ponding depth of the bioretention area should not exceed 6 inches (15 centimeters). Water should not be left to stand for more than 72 hours. A restriction on the tjrpe of plants that can be used may be necessary due to some plants' water intolerance. Furthermore, if water is left standing for longer than 72 hours mosquitoes and otiier insects may start to breed. Tlie appropriate planting soU should be backfilled into the excavated bioretention area. Planting soils should be sandy loam, loamy sand, or loam texture with a clay content ranging from 10 to 25 percent. GeneraUy the soil should have infiltration rates greater than 0.5 inches (1.25 centimeters) per hour, wliich is typical of sandy loams, loamy sands, or loams. Tlie pH of the soU should range between 5.5 and 6.5, where poUutants such as organic nitrogen and phosphorus can be adsorbed by the soil and microbial activity can flourish. Additional requirements for the planting soU include a 1.5 to 3 percent organic content and a maximmu 500 ppm concentration of soluble salts. 4 of 8 California Stormwater BMP Handbook January 2003 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com Bioretention TC-32 SoU tests should be perfornied for every 500 cubic yards (382 cubic meters) of planting soU, with the exception of pH and organic content tests, which are required only once per bioretention ai*ea (EPA, 1999). Planting soU shouldbe 4 inches (10.1 centimeters) deeper tiian the bottom of the largest root ball and 4 feet (1.2 meters) altogether. Tliis depth wiU provide adequate soil for tbe plants' root systems to become established, prevent plant damage due to severe wind, and provide adequate moisture capacity. Most sites wUl require excavation in order to obtain tiie reconunended depth. Planting soil depths of greater than 4 feet (1.2 meters) may require additional constraction practices such as shoring measures (EPA, 1999). Planting sott should be placed in 18 inches or greater lifts and lightly compacted untU the desired depth is reached. Since high canopy trees may be destroyed during maintenance the bioretention area should be vegetated to resemble a terrestrial forest community ecosystem that is dominated by understory trees. Tiiree species each of both trees and shrabs are recommended to be planted at a rate of 2500 trees and shrabs per hectare (1000 per acre). For instance, a 15 foot (4.6 meter) by 40 foot (12.2 meter) bioretention area (600 square feet or 55.75 square meters) would require 14 trees and shrubs. Tlie shrab-to-tree ratio should be 2:1 to 3:1. Trees and shmbs should be planted when conditions are favorable. Vegetation should be watered at the end of each day for fourteen days following its planting. Plant species tolerant of poUutant loads and varying wet and dry conditions should be used in the bioretention area. The designer should assess aesthetics, site layout, and maintenance requirements when selecting plant species. Adjacent non-native invasive species should be identified and the designer should take measures, such as providing a soU breach to eluninate the threat of these species invaduig tiie bioretention area. Regional landscaping manuals should be consulted to ensm e that the planting of the bioretention area meets the landscaping requirements estabhshed by the local authorities. The designers should evaluate the best placement of vegetation within tiie bioretention area. Plants should be placed at irregular intervals to replicate a natural forest. Trees should be placed on the perimeter of tiie area to provide shade and shelter from the wind. Trees and shmbs can be sheltered from damaging flows if they are placed away from the path of the incoming runoff. In cold cHmates, species that are more tolerant to cold winds, sudi as evergreens, shouldbe placed in windier areas of the site. Following placement of the trees and shrubs, the ground cover and/or mulch should be estabhshed. Gromid cover such as grasses or legumes can be planted at the beginning of the growing season. Mulch should be placed immediately after trees and shrabs are planted. Two to 3 inches (5 to 7.6 cm) of commercially-available fine shredded hardwood mulch or shredded hardwood chips should be applied to the bioretention area to protect from erosion. Maintenance Tlie primaiy maintenance requirement for bioretention areas is that of inspection and repair or replacement of the treatment area's components. GeneraUy, this involves nothing more than the routine periodic maintenance that is required of any landscaped area. Plants that are appropriate for the site, cHmatic, and watering conditions should be selected for use in the bioretention ceU. Appropriately selected plants will aide in reducing fertilizer, pesticide, water, and overaU maintenance requirements. Bioretention systein components should blend over time through plant and root growtii, organic decomposition, and the development of a natural January 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 8 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com TC-32 Bioretention soil horizon. These biologic and physical processes over time wiU lengthen the faciUty's life span and reduce the need for extensive maintenance. Routine maintenance should include a biannual health evaluation ofthe trees and shrabs and subsequent removal of any dead or diseased vegetation (EPA, 1999). Diseased vegetation should be treated as needed using preventative and low-toxic measures to the extent possible. BMPs have the potential to create veiy attractive habitats for mosquitoes and other vectors because of highly organic, often heavily vegetated areas mixed with shallow water. Routine inspections for areas of standing water within the BMP and corrective measures to restore proper infiltration rates are necessary to prevent creating mosquito and other vector habitat. In addition, bioretention BMPs are susceptible to invasion by aggressive plant species such as cattaUs, which increase the chances of water standing and subsequent vector production if not routinely maintained. In order to maintain the treatment area's appearance it may be necessary to pmne and weed. Furtliemiore, mulch replacement is suggested when erosion is evident or when the site begins to look unattractive. Specifically, the entire area may require mulch replacement every two to three years, althongh spot mulching may be sufficient when there are random void ai-eas. Mulch replacement should be done prior to the start of the wet season. New Jersey's Department of Environmental Protection states in their bioretention systems standards that accumulated sediment and debris removal (especiaUy at the inflow point) wiU normaUy be tiie primary maintenance fimction. Other potential tasks include replacement of dead vegetation, soil pH regulation, erosion repair at inflow points, mulch replenislmient, unclogguig the underdrain, and repairing overflow stmctures. There is also the possibUity that the cation exchange capacity of the soUs in the cell wUl be significantly reduced over time. Depending on poUutant loads, soils may need to be replaced within 5-10 years of constmction (LID, 2000). Cost Construction Cost Constmction cost estimates for a bioretention area ai-e slightly greater than those for the required landscaping for a new developnient (EPA, 1999). A general rule of thumb (Coffinan, 1999) is that residential bioretention areas average about $3 to $4 per square foot, depending on soil conditions and the density and types of plants used. Commercial, industrial and institutional site costs can range between $10 to $40 per square foot, based on the need for control stractures, curbing, stonn drains and underdrains. Retrofitting a site typically costs more, averaging $6,500 per bioretention area. The liigher costs are attributed to the demolition of existmg concrete, asphalt, and existing stmctm-es and the replacement of fUl material witii planting soU. The costs of retrofitting a comniercial site in Maryland, Kettering Development, with 15 bioretention areas were estimated at $111,600. In any bioretention area design, the cost of plants varies substantially and can account for a significant portion of the expenditures. WliUe these cost estimates are sliglitly greater than those of typical landscaping treatment (due to the increased number of plantings, additional soU excavation, backfiU material, use of underdrains etc.), those landscaping expenses that would be required regardless of the bioretention installation should be subtracted when determining the net cost. 6 of 8 California Stormwater BMP Handbook January 2003 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com Bioretention TC-32 Perhaps of most importance, however, the cost savings compared to the use of traditional stmctural stormwater conveyance systems makes bioretention areas quite attractive financially. For example, the use of bioretention can decrease the cost required for constmcting stormwater conveyance systems at a site. A medical office building in Maryland was able to reduce the amount of stonn drain pipe tiiat was needed from 800 to 230 feet - a cost savings of $24,000 (PGDER, 1993). And a new residential development spent a total of approximately $100,000 usmg bioretention ceUs on each lot instead of nearly $400,000 for the traditional stomiwater ponds tiiat were originally planned (Rappahanock,). Also, in residential areas, stonnwater management controls become a part of each property owner's landscape, reducing the public burden to maintain large centralized facilities. Maintenance Cost The operation and maintenance costs for a bioretention fadlity will be comparable to those of typical landscaping required for a site. Costs beyond the normal landscaping fees wiU include the cost for testing the soils and may include costs for a sand bed and planting soU. References and Sources of Additional Information Coffinan, L.S., R Goo and R. Frederick, 1999: Low impact development: an imiovative alternative approach to stormwater management. Proceedings of the 26th Annual Water Resources Plaiming and Management Conference ASCE, June 6-g, Tempe, Arizona. Davis, AP., Shokouhian, M., Sharma, H. and Minami, C, "Laboratory Study of Biological Retention (Bioretention) for Urban Stormwater Management," Water Environ. Res., 73(1), 5-14 (2001). Davis, AP., Shokouhian, M., Sharma, H., Minami, C, and Winogradoff, D. "Water Quality Improvement through Bioretention: Lead, Copper, and Zinc," Water Environ. Res., accepted for publication, August 2002. Kim, H., Seagren, E.A., and Davis, A.P., "Engineered Bioretention for Removal of Nitrate fi om Stomiwater Runoff," WEFTEC2000 Conference Proceedings on CDROM Research Syjnposiwn, Niti'ogen Removal, Session 19, Anaheim CA, October 2000. Hsieh, C.-li. and Davis, AP. "Engineering Bioretention for Treatment of Urban Stormwater Runoff," Watersheds 2002, Proceedings on CDROM Research Symposium, Session 15, Ft. Lauderdale, FL, Feb. 2002. Prince George's Coimty Department of Environmental Resources (PGDER), 1993. Design Manual for Use of Bioretention in Stormwater Management. Division of Environmental Management, Watershed Protection Branch. Landover, MD. U.S. EPA Office of Water, 1999. Stormwater Technology Fact Sheet: Bioretention. EPA 832-F- 99-012. Weinstein, N. Davis, AP. and Veeramaclianeni, R "Low Impact Development (LID) Stormwater Management Approach for tiie Control of Diffuse Pollution from Urban Roadways," 5^/1 International Conference Diffuse/Nonpoint Pollution and Watershed Management Proceedings, CS. Melching and Enne Alp, Eds. 2001 International Water Association January 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 7 of 8 New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com TC-32 Bioretention CURB STOPS- PARKING LOT SHEET FtOW liiii t-lrXai eSX33 f3£3C53 CSSSSSa IWDERDRAIN COLLECTION SYSTEM PLAN VIEW TYPICAL SECTJON PROFite—i Schematic of a Bioretention Facility (MDE, 2000) 8 of 8 California Stormwater BMP Handbook New Development and Redevelopment www.cabmphandbooks.com January 2003 PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS APPENDIX I: APPLICABLE MANUFACTURER'S BMP INFORMATION Please see attached. PRELIMINARY STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN STATE STREET CONDOS APPENDIX J: MAP EXHIBITS Please see attached.