HomeMy WebLinkAboutRP 94-02; Army & Navy Academy Master Plan; Redevelopment Permits (RP)DESIGN GUIDELINES
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY
CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA
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lESIGN GUIDELINES
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY
CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA
PRESIDENT
Dr. Fred W. Heinle
BOARD OF DIRECTORS
Mr. James R. Burroughs
Mr. Johnnie Crean
Mr. Alan O'Kain
Mr. Fred Rowbotham
Mr. Thomas W. Sefton
prepared by
Thomas P. Cox: Architect
3242 Halladay Suite 204
Santa Ana, CA 92705
(714) 557-4666
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
Table of Contents
Table of Contents 1
INTRODUCTION 2
SETTING 3
PURPOSE OF DESIGN GUIDELINES 4
ARCHITECTURAL CONTEXT AND STYLE 5
MASTER SUE PLAN CONCEPTS 6
SITE ORGANIZATION AND CAMPUS ZONES 7
SITE ORGANIZATION-CAMPUS GRIDS 8
AXIS AND NODE CIRCULATION ELEMENTS 9
TREE LINED ALLEES 10
VIEW FRAMES 11
SMALL PARKING LOTS 12
ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN GUIDELINES 13
BUILDING FORM AND MASSING 14
SCALE, RHYTHM AND PROPORTION 15
ROOF FORMS 16
ENTRY ELEMENTS 17
VERTICAL ELEMENTS 18
TRANSITION ELEMENTS 19
MATERIALS VOCABULARY 20
EAVES AND CORNICES 21
DOWNSPOUTS AND GUTTERS 22
DOORS 23
WINDOWS 24
COLUMNS AND ARCHWAYS 25
OPENINGS 26
EXTERIOR STAIRS AND GUARDRAILS 27
LIGHTING 28
SCREENING OF EQUIPMENT 29
LANDSCAPE DESIGN GUIDEUNES 30
GENERAL LANDSCAPE THEME 31
GENERAL LANDFORM AND GRADING 32
PARKING AREA TRANSITIONS 33
ARCADES AND TRELLAGE 34
TRASH ENCLOSURES 35
PLANTING MATERIALS 36
SIGNAGE AND MONUMENTATION 37
WALKWAY AND PAVING AREAS 38
FENCES AND WALLS 39
SENTINELS 40
CASE STUDIES 41
DORMITORIES 42
ACADEMIC HALL 43
APPENDICES 46
PAGE 1
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
INTRODUCTION
PAGE 2
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
SETTING
The campus of Army and Navy Academy is
located in the City of Carlsbad on the Pacific
Ocean. The site is comprised of approxi-
mately 16 acres consisting of 3 major parcels
and a number of smaller parcels.
The property is bounded on the north by
Pacific Avenue, on the east by Carlsbad
Boulevard, (formerly Pacific Coast High-
way), on the south by Cypress Street and on
the west by Ocean Street and the Pacific
Ocean.
The immediate surrounding land uses are:
single family and low density multi-family to
the north and south, light commercial to the
east and south along Carlsbad Blvd. and the
ocean to the west.
Vicinity Map
PAGE 3
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
PURPOSE OF DESIGN
GUIDELINES
The purpose of the Design Guideline is to
define the criteria by which fijture architec-
tural and landscape architectural improve-
ments will be accomplished on campus.
The guidelines are intended to insure the
level of quality and compatibility for all
buildings and physical improvements. Ad-
herence to these criteria will result in a
cohesive well designed living and learning
environment at Army and Navy Academy.
The implementation and interpretation of
this document will be through the Develop-
ment Committee appointed by the Board of
Directors of Army and Navy Academy
PAGE 4
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY VB&IGH GUIDELINES
ARCHITECTURAL
CONTEXT AND STYLE
At the tum of the century, in the San Diego
area, Architect Irving Gill made a signifi-
cant impact on the architecture of southem
Califomia. Many of the existing buildings on
the campus at Army and Navy Academy
were influenced by the works of Gill, and the
solution to this unique program speaks to
those influences. The campus, a private
boys military high school, was founded in
1937 and many ofthe older buildings carry
the early Colonial Spanish Heritage of north
San Diego County. The design challenge
for fijture buildings is to draw upon the Gill
influence to bridge the historical gap be-
tween the older existing campus buildings
and to establish the vocabulary for the fiiture
architecture yet to come. This Design
Guideline recognizes the influence of Gill
and takes its inspiration fi'om his work.
f
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ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
X MASTER SITE
PLAN CONCEPTS
PAGE 6
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
SITE ORGANIZATION
AND CAMPUS ZONES
One of the original driving forces behind the
Master Plan was site organization and zones.
In the past, expansion was a fimction ofthe
next available space and the results are
rather chaotic. The Master Plan seeks to
remedy this problem by reorganizing the
campus into distinct zones for the purpose of
control, phasing in of new improvements,
and quality of environment. The zones are:
Academic; Administrative; Housing; Athlet-
ics, and Recreation.
When the Plan is adapted and complete, the
ability of the school to fiinction in an eco-
nomical and efficient manner will be greatly
enhanced by the organization of the physical
plant.
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ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
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ABMV AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
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ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
TREE LINED ALLEES
With the abundance of existing on site trees,
there exists the ability to utilize an organiza-
tional device known as the tree lined allee.
By using the existing trees as a backdrop,
new plantings can occur to emphasize the
grid and circulation corridors and highlight
the view opportunities. This is especially
efifective along streets, the main entry area
and along axis perpendicular to the ocean
views.
Special care must be taken not to impede the
openness at the center of campus or the
ocean views fi'om any location.
Tree Lined Allee
PAGE 10
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
VIEW FRAMES
On a campus like Army and Navy Academy
the opportunities for views are many and
spectacular. From mature trees and historic
buildings to the Pacific Ocean, everywhere
the head tums there is a view.
The responsibility of the architect and the
landscape architect is to take advantage of
these opportunities and to maximize them
where ever possible. This can be accom-
plished with both the buildings and the
landscape. A complete analysis of each new
improvement should be done to identify the
views and to create the proper response.
Examples of view fi^ames are the arched
openings of a covered walkway, the open-
ing at the end of a hall, a special window in
a significant room, or the opening at the end
of a tree lined allee.
View Frame at an Arched Opening
PAGE 11
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
PARKING LOTS
One of the most difficult challenges for any
site design is the automobile. With a unique
site like the Academy, special attention must
be paid to the parking areas.
The most ideal condition is to break up large
parking areas into smaller lots with equal
access to the user destination or pedestrian
circulation areas. Because the Academy is
not commuter oriented, the parking provided
on the main campus will be used primarily by
staff, faculty and visitors. The majority of the
student parking could be kept away from the
center of the campus and therefore preserve
the parklike setting that has come to be .
associated with the Academy. If a larger
oflf-Campus parking lot is utilized, it should
be broken up with landscape so as to mini-
mize expanses of paving. This treatment
allows for more varied landscape areas,
visual interest and smaller more discrete
areas of paving.
This Not This
PAGE 12
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
ARCHITECTURAL
DESIGN
GUIDELINES
PAGE 13
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
BUILDING FORM AND
MASSING
New buildings at Army and Navy Academy
should be of a horizontal displacement with
classical proportions and vertical displace-
ment of the roof only to emphasis unique or
special circumstances.
The buildings should be of simple, repetitive,
strong horizontal articulation with special
attention to the travel of the pedestrian.
The wall planes should be of such a mass so
as not to look thin and non-supportive, door
and window details should be deep set to use
the shade and shadow of the building as a
design element. The buildings should be un-
adorned of decorative and frivolous details.
When viewed from any angle, each building
should be designed on all sides and appear to
sit comfortably on the site and among the
other stmctures. • PAGE 14
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
SCALE, RHYTHM AND
PROPORTION
Army and Navy Academy is first and fore-
most a people place. As a design consider-
ation, the architect or landscape architect
should always keep in mind human scale
whether the task be buildings or surrounding
environment.
Rhythm is a fimction of repetition and is a
key element of this style of architecture. A
variety of methods can be used to emphasis
rhythm, the covered arcade walkway is
particularly successful.
Proportion is perhaps the most important of
these criteria. This style of architecture
speaks to a thick massive wall section that
forms a base for the entire building. The
proportions of the openings, walls, stair
wells is that of a classical nature and not
given to fussy detail. The upper levels of the
building should step back and provide relief
in the vertical plane.
PAGE 15
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
ROOF FORMS
In the transition from colonial Spanish to
contemporary architecture, the use of both
the sloped tiled roof form and the parapeted
flat roof form is very acceptable.
The predominant pitched roof form is that of
the low pitched hip roof with a clay or
authentic looking concrete tile. The flat roof
sections should be concealed with a parapet
of no less than 30 to 36 inches in height,
higher if there is a need to hide any mechani-
cal equipment.
The flat roof should act as the primary form
with the hip as the secondary and only as a
vertical break in the otherwise horizontal
building forms.
PAGE 16
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
ENTRY ELEMENTS
In every case, special attention should be
given to the entry. In this particular style of
architecture this can be accomplished in a
number of ways.
Vertical elements, elements with increased
mass built out away firom the main building
form, arched openings with a dififerent scale
than the other openings, a rotated element
to receive an allee or pedestrian walkway, or
special articulation of the building base are
all effective methods.
Built Out Building Mass Vertical Form with Hipped Roof
Rotated Building Element
PAGE 17
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
VERTICAL ELEMENTS
With one of the key massing criteria being
horizontal low profile building forms, it
becomes increasingly important to provide
some visual variation by the use of vertical
elements.
These elements can take the form of towers,
entry features, circulation nodes, or theme
stmctures. Special care should be taken
with the scale and proportion of these
elements by the use of a strong base and by
stepping the vertical mass back as the height
increases.
Vertical Tower and Entry Element
PAGE 18
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
TRANSITION
ELEMENTS
On one or two special locations on campus
there is the opportunity to provide a unique
experience. These areas are where two or
more circulation paths come together, or
where a campus grid rotation occurs, or
where a comer is tumed and a view of the
ocean is observed. Adjacent to each of these
locations exists the possibility to place a
special stmcture called a transition element.
This is a place where students can sit and
talk, study, have informal lectures by profes-
sors, of simply sit alone.
Special attention should be taken in the
placement of these stmctures so as not to
interfere with the views or circulation.
.'IU,. ,'.,,1,1
PAGE 19
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
MATERIALS
VOCABULARY
The materials and design elements that
define the architecture of Army and Navy
Academy and create the distinctive character
of the campus are:
• Smooth, white, hand troweled, exterior
plaster finish with clean, crisp, comers
and detailing.
• Low sloped, hipped roof forms, with clay
or authentic looking concrete barrel tile
roofs.
• Thick walled continuous arcades and
covered walkways on the lower level
forming a strong base for the building.
• Punched square or rectilinear openings at
the upper levels stepped back from the
lower base.
• Horizontal pipe rails to emphasize the
buildings linear form.
• Vertical tower elements to call out
entries or special spaces.
• Deep set doors and windows to use
shade and shadow as a design feature.
Deep Set Doors and Windows Low Pitched Tile Roofs
SF
Thick Walled Arched Openings Horizontal Pipe Railings
PAGE 20
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
EAVES AND CORNICES
On all pitched roofs, the eaves should have
sufficient overhang to protect windows and
openings where they occur. The eaves
should be enclosed with an approved finish
material on the underside. Tight eaves may
be used for vertical elements but have
enough overhang to prevent water streaking
fi-om mnoff'.
Flat roofs with parapets should have a clean
crisp finished edge and be of sufficient height
to hide all roof penetrations and mechanical
equipment.
Eave Overhang Parapet Condition
PAGE 21
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
DOWNSPOUTS AND
GUTTERS
The most essential consideration for all
gutters and downspouts is that they remain
hidden.
Whenever possible the drainage device
should be built in to the wall or roof system
that is being served whether that is a flat or
pitched design.
Pitched roof sections may drain onto flat
roofs areas without the aid of gutters.
Downspouts and overflows that must remain
visible and should be finished and painted to
match the exterior of the building.
Hidden Overflows and Drains
Finished Downspout Outlet
Drain onto Flat Roof " • —
Hidden Gutter in Eave
PAGE 22
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
DOORS
Doors and openings for this architectural
style are predominantly rectangular or round
headed. In all cases the door should be
recessed to emphasize the wall thickness,
enhance the shade patterns and to provide
visual relief
Entry doors should be doubled to public
buildings such as the Academic Hall or the
Administration Building and single to the
more private uses such as the Dorms.
Detail at the door should be simple, with
clean sharp edges reflecting the design of the
building. Plant-ons if used should be kept to
a minium and for relief or water diversion
only.
Round Head Door Opening
PAGE 23
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
WINDOWS
Window style and detailing is an important
consideration for this architectural state-
ment. All windows should be placed in a
recessed opening to emphasize the wall
thickness and provide visual interest.
Window openings on the lower levels may
be of the round head type, while upper level
windows are encouraged to be the square or
rectilinear style. This vertical separation
speaks to the historical bridge between
colonial Spanish and contemporary architec-
ture.
Mullions are encouraged with more pattem
below and less above. Glass should be clear
plate with no reflective surfaces allowed.
Frames may be either white aluminum, vinal,
or clad wood.
Window placement should be in the classical
order with attention to regularity and
rhythm.
Heavy pediments, sashes, and shutters
should be avoided. Sills should be simple
and of sufficient mass to compliment the rest
of the building.
Lower Level Round Head Windows
Upper Level Rectilinear Windows
PAGE 24
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
PAGE 25
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
OPENINGS
Openings serve as an important design
element in any building, however they are
especially important for this style. Openings,
whether they are for doors, windows or
arcades help create and emphasize the
rhythm and symmetry for the architecture.
Special attention should be given to the scale
of all openings. They should reflect a human
scale and when at all possible incorporate the
additional focus on a view opportunity.
Openings on the lower level should be of an
arched nature and openings above the lower
level should be rectilinear. Upper openings
should be stepped back and reduced in size
to ease the vertical.
PAGE 26
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
EXTERIOR STAIRS
AND GUARDRAILS
Exterior stairs should be a design element of
the building they are serving. In no case
should they be tacked on to a building. If
side walls are used they should be of suffi-
cient mass and design to compliment the
architecture.
Guard rails should be horizontal in design
and of a material to withstand the ocean
elements. Pipe rail, iron or plexiglass are
acceptable. Wood, chain link, or vertical
pickets are not acceptable. All railings
should be treated and painted to add to the
color scheme of the building and not to
heavily contrast it.
Horizontal Guardrail'
PAGE 27
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDEUNES
LIGHTING
Exterior lighting should be consistent with
the architectural theme of Army and Navy
Academy. Perimeter lighting should be non-
obtmsive to the neighbors at the same time
providing security for the campus. Lighting
within the campus perimeter should be
sensitive to the task demanded of it. Exte-
rior hall lights should be recessed and lo-
cated to emphasize the rhythm of the open-
ings. Exterior lighting located on the build-
ing should be of a quality design and a low
profile so as not to call attention to it.
Stair lighting should be built in to the stair
and walk lights should be bollard type or
simple stanchion type sensitive to the style of
architecture.
Recessed Hall Lights
Wall Mount Fixtures
PAGE 28
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
SCREENING OF
EQUIPMENT
All mechanical equipment, including gas and
electric meters, shall be hidden fi'om view.
Wherever possible, a mechanical equipment
room should be designed as an integral part
of the building envelop.
When this is not possible, the following
altematives are acceptable with the approval
of the ANA Design Review Committee.
Screen walls, and rooftop mounted equip-
ment. In either of these instances, all at-
tempts must be made to screen equipment
from public view with either walls, landscape
treatments or parapets.
Parapet Screen Wall
PAGE 29
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
LANDSCAPE
DESIGN
GUIDELINES
PAGE 30
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
GENERAL LANDSCAPE
THEME
The landscape development at Army and
Navy Academy is intended not only to tie the
Campus together through common thematic
treatments, but also to reflect the order and
discipline that is an essential component of
cadet life.
The operant word to describe the landscape
design is * order.' Manicured lawns edged
with rows of shmbs and evenly spaced trees
are all a part of the Campus landscape
vocabulary.
PAGE 31
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
GENERAL LANDFORM
AND GRADING
The land form design should promote a
regimented, highly ordered solution to the
issue of grading. Building pads should be cut
level and slope banks kept linear. The
progression from one space to another
should be kept straight forward and direct.
Meandering paths, wandering through hilly
knolls is discouraged.
Of prime importance is the view of the
ocean. The Army and Navy Academy is
strongly associated with its beach fi-ont
property. The grading design should, in all
cases, preserve and enhance the view of the
ocean.
This Not This
PAGE 32
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
PARKING AREA
TRANSITIONS
Parking areas should be landscaped to
integrate them with the Campus and to help
reduce the perceived areas of asphalt. This
can be accomplished with the use of land-
scape 'fingers' in parking areas, with shade
trees positioned so as to provide shade in
asphah areas and through landscape 'is-
lands. '
There should be a clear linear path of travel
through each parking area to the major
walkway system of the campus
PAGE 33
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
ARCADES AND
TRELLAGE
PAGE 34
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
TRASH ENCLOSURES
Trash enclosures should be designed to be
compatible with the surrounding architec-
ture. Smooth trowelled plaster over con-
crete block is recommended. The gates of
the enclosure should be solid to prevent view
of the trash bins inside. All gates should be
provided with a latching mechanism that will
prevent them from swinging open.
PAGE 35
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
PLANTING
MATERIALS
TREES
Araucaria Excelsa
(Norfolk Island Pine)
Metrosideros Excelsus
(New Zealand Christmas Tree)
Podocarpus Henkelii
(Long-Leafed Yellowood)
SHRUBS
Bougainvillea 'Brillant Variegated'
(Bougainvillea)
Coprosma Pulmia
(Mirror Plant)
Coprosma Kirkii
(NCN)
Escallonia 'Newport'
(Escallonia)
Raphiolepis Indica 'Clara'
(Indian Hawthorn)
Pittosporum Tobira 'Variegata'
(Varigated Mock Orange)
GROUND COVER
Aptenia Cordifolia
(Red Apple)
PAGE 36
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
PAGE 37
I*
SIGNAGE AND
MONUMENTATION
The Army and Navy Academy has a tradi-
tion of identifying building or portions of
buildings with cast metal plaques. Buildings
may be identified by placing individual letters
on them, by mounting plaques on them or by
fi-ee standing monumentation.
Monuments may be designed to match
existing monuments on campus with natural
stone or they may be more contemporary in
nature. Either way, they should complement
the architecture and should be kept low - no
more than three feet tall.
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
WALKWAY AND
PAVING AREAS
The walkway system at the Army and Navy
Academy should be, like the rest of the
landscape design, direct and straightforward.
Paths should be formed concrete with
straight edges and without omamentation.
This is not to say that paths should not have
jogs, splits or enlarged intersections, but the
essence of the path should be simple.
Walkways should be provided along paths of
travel that cadets are likely to follow. If they
are not, paths will soon be formed over and
through the landscaped areas. In like fashion,
corners that are likely to be 'cut' should be
reinforced as shown in sketch.
Larger paved areas such as patios, outdoor
courts or promenades may receive enhanced
paving where appropriate. This could take
the form of stamped concrete, pavers,
natural stone or sawcut pattems
This Not This
PAGE 38
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
FENCES AND WALLS
Fences and walls shall be designed as an
integral component and extension of the
Campus architecture and the surrounding
landscape. Periphery walls may be inte-
grated into adjacent stmctures and extended
into the landscape to help integrate the
building into its environment or to help
define outdoor spaces.
Walls should be constmcted of'permanent'
materials such as plastered concrete block.
Wood fencing is discouraged. Where view
opportunities exist, an open iron fence or
iron and block combination may be appropri-
ate. Such a view fence shall be compatible
with the surrounding architecture
Long walls should be broken up with land-
scaping, particularly vines and espaliered
trees. An eighteen inch minimum space
should be left between paved areas and walls
for landscaping
Pilasters should be used at all ends of walls,
at changes in vertical and horizontal direc-
tion and at other intervals appropriate to the
length of the wall.
PAGE 39
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
SENTINELS
The small monuments which flank a path
leading to a building entrance have become
known at the Army and Navy Academy as
sentinels. These monuments not only pro-
mote the image of military regimentation,
but they also provide the cadets a place to sit
and talk. The use of sentinels is encouraged
where appropriate. They should be con-
stmcted of sixteen inch square concrete ring
blocks with a smooth trowel plaster finish.
PAGE 40
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
CASE STUDIES
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ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
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ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
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ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
to
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ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
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to
ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
APPENDICES
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ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES
i»
ADDITIONAL DESIGN
CRITERIA
City of Carlsbad General Plan
City of Carlsbad Zoning Ordinance
City of Carlsbad Landscape Manual
Standard Design Criteria for the design of Pubhc Works
Mello-II Segment ofthe City of Carlsbad Local Coastal Plan
Carlsbad Village Area Redevelopment Plan
Village Design Manual
North Beach Planning / Traffic Study
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