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HomeMy WebLinkAboutRP 94-02; Army & Navy Academy Master Plan; Redevelopment Permits (RP)DESIGN GUIDELINES ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA £»'»!•, i" '5. f f n Ju L fS35 lESIGN GUIDELINES ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA PRESIDENT Dr. Fred W. Heinle BOARD OF DIRECTORS Mr. James R. Burroughs Mr. Johnnie Crean Mr. Alan O'Kain Mr. Fred Rowbotham Mr. Thomas W. Sefton prepared by Thomas P. Cox: Architect 3242 Halladay Suite 204 Santa Ana, CA 92705 (714) 557-4666 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES Table of Contents Table of Contents 1 INTRODUCTION 2 SETTING 3 PURPOSE OF DESIGN GUIDELINES 4 ARCHITECTURAL CONTEXT AND STYLE 5 MASTER SUE PLAN CONCEPTS 6 SITE ORGANIZATION AND CAMPUS ZONES 7 SITE ORGANIZATION-CAMPUS GRIDS 8 AXIS AND NODE CIRCULATION ELEMENTS 9 TREE LINED ALLEES 10 VIEW FRAMES 11 SMALL PARKING LOTS 12 ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN GUIDELINES 13 BUILDING FORM AND MASSING 14 SCALE, RHYTHM AND PROPORTION 15 ROOF FORMS 16 ENTRY ELEMENTS 17 VERTICAL ELEMENTS 18 TRANSITION ELEMENTS 19 MATERIALS VOCABULARY 20 EAVES AND CORNICES 21 DOWNSPOUTS AND GUTTERS 22 DOORS 23 WINDOWS 24 COLUMNS AND ARCHWAYS 25 OPENINGS 26 EXTERIOR STAIRS AND GUARDRAILS 27 LIGHTING 28 SCREENING OF EQUIPMENT 29 LANDSCAPE DESIGN GUIDEUNES 30 GENERAL LANDSCAPE THEME 31 GENERAL LANDFORM AND GRADING 32 PARKING AREA TRANSITIONS 33 ARCADES AND TRELLAGE 34 TRASH ENCLOSURES 35 PLANTING MATERIALS 36 SIGNAGE AND MONUMENTATION 37 WALKWAY AND PAVING AREAS 38 FENCES AND WALLS 39 SENTINELS 40 CASE STUDIES 41 DORMITORIES 42 ACADEMIC HALL 43 APPENDICES 46 PAGE 1 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES INTRODUCTION PAGE 2 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES SETTING The campus of Army and Navy Academy is located in the City of Carlsbad on the Pacific Ocean. The site is comprised of approxi- mately 16 acres consisting of 3 major parcels and a number of smaller parcels. The property is bounded on the north by Pacific Avenue, on the east by Carlsbad Boulevard, (formerly Pacific Coast High- way), on the south by Cypress Street and on the west by Ocean Street and the Pacific Ocean. The immediate surrounding land uses are: single family and low density multi-family to the north and south, light commercial to the east and south along Carlsbad Blvd. and the ocean to the west. Vicinity Map PAGE 3 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES PURPOSE OF DESIGN GUIDELINES The purpose of the Design Guideline is to define the criteria by which fijture architec- tural and landscape architectural improve- ments will be accomplished on campus. The guidelines are intended to insure the level of quality and compatibility for all buildings and physical improvements. Ad- herence to these criteria will result in a cohesive well designed living and learning environment at Army and Navy Academy. The implementation and interpretation of this document will be through the Develop- ment Committee appointed by the Board of Directors of Army and Navy Academy PAGE 4 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY VB&IGH GUIDELINES ARCHITECTURAL CONTEXT AND STYLE At the tum of the century, in the San Diego area, Architect Irving Gill made a signifi- cant impact on the architecture of southem Califomia. Many of the existing buildings on the campus at Army and Navy Academy were influenced by the works of Gill, and the solution to this unique program speaks to those influences. The campus, a private boys military high school, was founded in 1937 and many ofthe older buildings carry the early Colonial Spanish Heritage of north San Diego County. The design challenge for fijture buildings is to draw upon the Gill influence to bridge the historical gap be- tween the older existing campus buildings and to establish the vocabulary for the fiiture architecture yet to come. This Design Guideline recognizes the influence of Gill and takes its inspiration fi'om his work. f PAGE 5 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES X MASTER SITE PLAN CONCEPTS PAGE 6 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES SITE ORGANIZATION AND CAMPUS ZONES One of the original driving forces behind the Master Plan was site organization and zones. In the past, expansion was a fimction ofthe next available space and the results are rather chaotic. The Master Plan seeks to remedy this problem by reorganizing the campus into distinct zones for the purpose of control, phasing in of new improvements, and quality of environment. The zones are: Academic; Administrative; Housing; Athlet- ics, and Recreation. When the Plan is adapted and complete, the ability of the school to fiinction in an eco- nomical and efficient manner will be greatly enhanced by the organization of the physical plant. PAGE 7 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES PAGE 8 ABMV AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES PAGE 9 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES TREE LINED ALLEES With the abundance of existing on site trees, there exists the ability to utilize an organiza- tional device known as the tree lined allee. By using the existing trees as a backdrop, new plantings can occur to emphasize the grid and circulation corridors and highlight the view opportunities. This is especially efifective along streets, the main entry area and along axis perpendicular to the ocean views. Special care must be taken not to impede the openness at the center of campus or the ocean views fi'om any location. Tree Lined Allee PAGE 10 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES VIEW FRAMES On a campus like Army and Navy Academy the opportunities for views are many and spectacular. From mature trees and historic buildings to the Pacific Ocean, everywhere the head tums there is a view. The responsibility of the architect and the landscape architect is to take advantage of these opportunities and to maximize them where ever possible. This can be accom- plished with both the buildings and the landscape. A complete analysis of each new improvement should be done to identify the views and to create the proper response. Examples of view fi^ames are the arched openings of a covered walkway, the open- ing at the end of a hall, a special window in a significant room, or the opening at the end of a tree lined allee. View Frame at an Arched Opening PAGE 11 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES PARKING LOTS One of the most difficult challenges for any site design is the automobile. With a unique site like the Academy, special attention must be paid to the parking areas. The most ideal condition is to break up large parking areas into smaller lots with equal access to the user destination or pedestrian circulation areas. Because the Academy is not commuter oriented, the parking provided on the main campus will be used primarily by staff, faculty and visitors. The majority of the student parking could be kept away from the center of the campus and therefore preserve the parklike setting that has come to be . associated with the Academy. If a larger oflf-Campus parking lot is utilized, it should be broken up with landscape so as to mini- mize expanses of paving. This treatment allows for more varied landscape areas, visual interest and smaller more discrete areas of paving. This Not This PAGE 12 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN GUIDELINES PAGE 13 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES BUILDING FORM AND MASSING New buildings at Army and Navy Academy should be of a horizontal displacement with classical proportions and vertical displace- ment of the roof only to emphasis unique or special circumstances. The buildings should be of simple, repetitive, strong horizontal articulation with special attention to the travel of the pedestrian. The wall planes should be of such a mass so as not to look thin and non-supportive, door and window details should be deep set to use the shade and shadow of the building as a design element. The buildings should be un- adorned of decorative and frivolous details. When viewed from any angle, each building should be designed on all sides and appear to sit comfortably on the site and among the other stmctures. • PAGE 14 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES SCALE, RHYTHM AND PROPORTION Army and Navy Academy is first and fore- most a people place. As a design consider- ation, the architect or landscape architect should always keep in mind human scale whether the task be buildings or surrounding environment. Rhythm is a fimction of repetition and is a key element of this style of architecture. A variety of methods can be used to emphasis rhythm, the covered arcade walkway is particularly successful. Proportion is perhaps the most important of these criteria. This style of architecture speaks to a thick massive wall section that forms a base for the entire building. The proportions of the openings, walls, stair wells is that of a classical nature and not given to fussy detail. The upper levels of the building should step back and provide relief in the vertical plane. PAGE 15 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES ROOF FORMS In the transition from colonial Spanish to contemporary architecture, the use of both the sloped tiled roof form and the parapeted flat roof form is very acceptable. The predominant pitched roof form is that of the low pitched hip roof with a clay or authentic looking concrete tile. The flat roof sections should be concealed with a parapet of no less than 30 to 36 inches in height, higher if there is a need to hide any mechani- cal equipment. The flat roof should act as the primary form with the hip as the secondary and only as a vertical break in the otherwise horizontal building forms. PAGE 16 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES ENTRY ELEMENTS In every case, special attention should be given to the entry. In this particular style of architecture this can be accomplished in a number of ways. Vertical elements, elements with increased mass built out away firom the main building form, arched openings with a dififerent scale than the other openings, a rotated element to receive an allee or pedestrian walkway, or special articulation of the building base are all effective methods. Built Out Building Mass Vertical Form with Hipped Roof Rotated Building Element PAGE 17 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES VERTICAL ELEMENTS With one of the key massing criteria being horizontal low profile building forms, it becomes increasingly important to provide some visual variation by the use of vertical elements. These elements can take the form of towers, entry features, circulation nodes, or theme stmctures. Special care should be taken with the scale and proportion of these elements by the use of a strong base and by stepping the vertical mass back as the height increases. Vertical Tower and Entry Element PAGE 18 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES TRANSITION ELEMENTS On one or two special locations on campus there is the opportunity to provide a unique experience. These areas are where two or more circulation paths come together, or where a campus grid rotation occurs, or where a comer is tumed and a view of the ocean is observed. Adjacent to each of these locations exists the possibility to place a special stmcture called a transition element. This is a place where students can sit and talk, study, have informal lectures by profes- sors, of simply sit alone. Special attention should be taken in the placement of these stmctures so as not to interfere with the views or circulation. .'IU,. ,'.,,1,1 PAGE 19 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES MATERIALS VOCABULARY The materials and design elements that define the architecture of Army and Navy Academy and create the distinctive character of the campus are: • Smooth, white, hand troweled, exterior plaster finish with clean, crisp, comers and detailing. • Low sloped, hipped roof forms, with clay or authentic looking concrete barrel tile roofs. • Thick walled continuous arcades and covered walkways on the lower level forming a strong base for the building. • Punched square or rectilinear openings at the upper levels stepped back from the lower base. • Horizontal pipe rails to emphasize the buildings linear form. • Vertical tower elements to call out entries or special spaces. • Deep set doors and windows to use shade and shadow as a design feature. Deep Set Doors and Windows Low Pitched Tile Roofs SF Thick Walled Arched Openings Horizontal Pipe Railings PAGE 20 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES EAVES AND CORNICES On all pitched roofs, the eaves should have sufficient overhang to protect windows and openings where they occur. The eaves should be enclosed with an approved finish material on the underside. Tight eaves may be used for vertical elements but have enough overhang to prevent water streaking fi-om mnoff'. Flat roofs with parapets should have a clean crisp finished edge and be of sufficient height to hide all roof penetrations and mechanical equipment. Eave Overhang Parapet Condition PAGE 21 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES DOWNSPOUTS AND GUTTERS The most essential consideration for all gutters and downspouts is that they remain hidden. Whenever possible the drainage device should be built in to the wall or roof system that is being served whether that is a flat or pitched design. Pitched roof sections may drain onto flat roofs areas without the aid of gutters. Downspouts and overflows that must remain visible and should be finished and painted to match the exterior of the building. Hidden Overflows and Drains Finished Downspout Outlet Drain onto Flat Roof " • — Hidden Gutter in Eave PAGE 22 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES DOORS Doors and openings for this architectural style are predominantly rectangular or round headed. In all cases the door should be recessed to emphasize the wall thickness, enhance the shade patterns and to provide visual relief Entry doors should be doubled to public buildings such as the Academic Hall or the Administration Building and single to the more private uses such as the Dorms. Detail at the door should be simple, with clean sharp edges reflecting the design of the building. Plant-ons if used should be kept to a minium and for relief or water diversion only. Round Head Door Opening PAGE 23 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES WINDOWS Window style and detailing is an important consideration for this architectural state- ment. All windows should be placed in a recessed opening to emphasize the wall thickness and provide visual interest. Window openings on the lower levels may be of the round head type, while upper level windows are encouraged to be the square or rectilinear style. This vertical separation speaks to the historical bridge between colonial Spanish and contemporary architec- ture. Mullions are encouraged with more pattem below and less above. Glass should be clear plate with no reflective surfaces allowed. Frames may be either white aluminum, vinal, or clad wood. Window placement should be in the classical order with attention to regularity and rhythm. Heavy pediments, sashes, and shutters should be avoided. Sills should be simple and of sufficient mass to compliment the rest of the building. Lower Level Round Head Windows Upper Level Rectilinear Windows PAGE 24 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES PAGE 25 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES OPENINGS Openings serve as an important design element in any building, however they are especially important for this style. Openings, whether they are for doors, windows or arcades help create and emphasize the rhythm and symmetry for the architecture. Special attention should be given to the scale of all openings. They should reflect a human scale and when at all possible incorporate the additional focus on a view opportunity. Openings on the lower level should be of an arched nature and openings above the lower level should be rectilinear. Upper openings should be stepped back and reduced in size to ease the vertical. PAGE 26 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES EXTERIOR STAIRS AND GUARDRAILS Exterior stairs should be a design element of the building they are serving. In no case should they be tacked on to a building. If side walls are used they should be of suffi- cient mass and design to compliment the architecture. Guard rails should be horizontal in design and of a material to withstand the ocean elements. Pipe rail, iron or plexiglass are acceptable. Wood, chain link, or vertical pickets are not acceptable. All railings should be treated and painted to add to the color scheme of the building and not to heavily contrast it. Horizontal Guardrail' PAGE 27 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDEUNES LIGHTING Exterior lighting should be consistent with the architectural theme of Army and Navy Academy. Perimeter lighting should be non- obtmsive to the neighbors at the same time providing security for the campus. Lighting within the campus perimeter should be sensitive to the task demanded of it. Exte- rior hall lights should be recessed and lo- cated to emphasize the rhythm of the open- ings. Exterior lighting located on the build- ing should be of a quality design and a low profile so as not to call attention to it. Stair lighting should be built in to the stair and walk lights should be bollard type or simple stanchion type sensitive to the style of architecture. Recessed Hall Lights Wall Mount Fixtures PAGE 28 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES SCREENING OF EQUIPMENT All mechanical equipment, including gas and electric meters, shall be hidden fi'om view. Wherever possible, a mechanical equipment room should be designed as an integral part of the building envelop. When this is not possible, the following altematives are acceptable with the approval of the ANA Design Review Committee. Screen walls, and rooftop mounted equip- ment. In either of these instances, all at- tempts must be made to screen equipment from public view with either walls, landscape treatments or parapets. Parapet Screen Wall PAGE 29 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES LANDSCAPE DESIGN GUIDELINES PAGE 30 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES GENERAL LANDSCAPE THEME The landscape development at Army and Navy Academy is intended not only to tie the Campus together through common thematic treatments, but also to reflect the order and discipline that is an essential component of cadet life. The operant word to describe the landscape design is * order.' Manicured lawns edged with rows of shmbs and evenly spaced trees are all a part of the Campus landscape vocabulary. PAGE 31 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES GENERAL LANDFORM AND GRADING The land form design should promote a regimented, highly ordered solution to the issue of grading. Building pads should be cut level and slope banks kept linear. The progression from one space to another should be kept straight forward and direct. Meandering paths, wandering through hilly knolls is discouraged. Of prime importance is the view of the ocean. The Army and Navy Academy is strongly associated with its beach fi-ont property. The grading design should, in all cases, preserve and enhance the view of the ocean. This Not This PAGE 32 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES PARKING AREA TRANSITIONS Parking areas should be landscaped to integrate them with the Campus and to help reduce the perceived areas of asphalt. This can be accomplished with the use of land- scape 'fingers' in parking areas, with shade trees positioned so as to provide shade in asphah areas and through landscape 'is- lands. ' There should be a clear linear path of travel through each parking area to the major walkway system of the campus PAGE 33 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES ARCADES AND TRELLAGE PAGE 34 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES TRASH ENCLOSURES Trash enclosures should be designed to be compatible with the surrounding architec- ture. Smooth trowelled plaster over con- crete block is recommended. The gates of the enclosure should be solid to prevent view of the trash bins inside. All gates should be provided with a latching mechanism that will prevent them from swinging open. PAGE 35 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES PLANTING MATERIALS TREES Araucaria Excelsa (Norfolk Island Pine) Metrosideros Excelsus (New Zealand Christmas Tree) Podocarpus Henkelii (Long-Leafed Yellowood) SHRUBS Bougainvillea 'Brillant Variegated' (Bougainvillea) Coprosma Pulmia (Mirror Plant) Coprosma Kirkii (NCN) Escallonia 'Newport' (Escallonia) Raphiolepis Indica 'Clara' (Indian Hawthorn) Pittosporum Tobira 'Variegata' (Varigated Mock Orange) GROUND COVER Aptenia Cordifolia (Red Apple) PAGE 36 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES PAGE 37 I* SIGNAGE AND MONUMENTATION The Army and Navy Academy has a tradi- tion of identifying building or portions of buildings with cast metal plaques. Buildings may be identified by placing individual letters on them, by mounting plaques on them or by fi-ee standing monumentation. Monuments may be designed to match existing monuments on campus with natural stone or they may be more contemporary in nature. Either way, they should complement the architecture and should be kept low - no more than three feet tall. ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES WALKWAY AND PAVING AREAS The walkway system at the Army and Navy Academy should be, like the rest of the landscape design, direct and straightforward. Paths should be formed concrete with straight edges and without omamentation. This is not to say that paths should not have jogs, splits or enlarged intersections, but the essence of the path should be simple. Walkways should be provided along paths of travel that cadets are likely to follow. If they are not, paths will soon be formed over and through the landscaped areas. In like fashion, corners that are likely to be 'cut' should be reinforced as shown in sketch. Larger paved areas such as patios, outdoor courts or promenades may receive enhanced paving where appropriate. This could take the form of stamped concrete, pavers, natural stone or sawcut pattems This Not This PAGE 38 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES FENCES AND WALLS Fences and walls shall be designed as an integral component and extension of the Campus architecture and the surrounding landscape. Periphery walls may be inte- grated into adjacent stmctures and extended into the landscape to help integrate the building into its environment or to help define outdoor spaces. Walls should be constmcted of'permanent' materials such as plastered concrete block. Wood fencing is discouraged. Where view opportunities exist, an open iron fence or iron and block combination may be appropri- ate. Such a view fence shall be compatible with the surrounding architecture Long walls should be broken up with land- scaping, particularly vines and espaliered trees. An eighteen inch minimum space should be left between paved areas and walls for landscaping Pilasters should be used at all ends of walls, at changes in vertical and horizontal direc- tion and at other intervals appropriate to the length of the wall. PAGE 39 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES SENTINELS The small monuments which flank a path leading to a building entrance have become known at the Army and Navy Academy as sentinels. These monuments not only pro- mote the image of military regimentation, but they also provide the cadets a place to sit and talk. The use of sentinels is encouraged where appropriate. They should be con- stmcted of sixteen inch square concrete ring blocks with a smooth trowel plaster finish. PAGE 40 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES CASE STUDIES PAGE 41 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES PAGE 42 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES PAGE 43 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES to PAGE 44 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES PAGE 45 to ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES APPENDICES PAGE 46 ARMY AND NAVY ACADEMY DESIGN GUIDELINES i» ADDITIONAL DESIGN CRITERIA City of Carlsbad General Plan City of Carlsbad Zoning Ordinance City of Carlsbad Landscape Manual Standard Design Criteria for the design of Pubhc Works Mello-II Segment ofthe City of Carlsbad Local Coastal Plan Carlsbad Village Area Redevelopment Plan Village Design Manual North Beach Planning / Traffic Study PAGE 47