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HomeMy WebLinkAbout6028; PALOMAR AIRPORT RD AND COLLEGE BLVD IMP; GNATCATCHER MONITORING REPORT; 2012-05-31DUDEK ..00A I MAIN OFFICE 605 THIRD STREET . ENCINITAS, CALIFORNIA 92024 - . T 760.942.5147 T 800.450.1818 F 760.632.0164 1• I May 31, 2012 7094-03 I Liz Ketabian City of Carlsbad Recreation Department 799 Pine Avenue, Suite 200 Carlsbad, California 92008 113 o & 2I2 I Subject: 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit #'s TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 Dear Ms. Ketabian: This report documents the results of three months of general monitoring conducted by Dudek for the federally listed threatened coastal California gnatcatcher (Polioptila caljfornica calfornica; CAGN) at The Crossings at Carlsbad (formerly known as Carlsbad Municipal Golf Course). This monitoring was conducted within all CAGN suitable habitat areas (disturbed, undisturbed, revegetated and restored phases of coastal sage scrub (CSS) and Baccharis scrub) within the golf course site and CSS mitigation areas as defined on the As-built Mitigation Map (Dudek 2007). The intent of the surveys was to inventory all CAGN on site. This is the sixth comprehensive CAGN I monitoring survey since completion of construction. The first post-construction CAGN monitoring survey was conducted in 2007 and served as the baseline for the 2008, 2009, 2010, 2011 and 2012 I .survey efforts. A pre-construction focused survey for CAGN in the golf course construction footprint was conducted by LSA, Inc. (1992), utilizing accepted protocol survey methods. I In 2007, the City of Carlsbad developed the site by constructing The Crossings golf course and restoring and revegetating a matrix of native uplands habitats. The site was previously farmed • and undeveloped land with relatively steep canyons and drainages, which drain southerly toward I Palomar Airport Road and northerly toward an unnamed tributary through Macario Canyon into Agua Hedionda Lagoon approximately I mile west of the site. Elevations range from I approximately 100 feet above mean seal level (AMSL) along the southern and northern project, boundaries to 300 feet AMSL in the middle of the project site. . . . I I WWW.DUDEK.COM I Iii I I Liz Ketabian Subject: 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings ' at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 SPECIES ACCOUNT I Coastal California Gnatcatcher Polioptila calfornica calfornica I U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS): Threatened California Department of Fish and Game (CDFG): Species of Special Concern Life History The CAGN occurs in coastal Southern California and Baja California year-round, where it I depends on a variety of and scrub habitats. The CAGN occurs mainly on cismontane slopes (coastal side of the mountains) in Southern California, ranging from Ventura and northern Los I Angeles counties south through the Palos Verdes Peninsula to Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, and San Diego counties. The species' range continues south to El Rosario, Mexico. Initially it was reported that 99% of all CAGN locality records occurred at or below an elevation of 984 feet AMSL Atwood (1990; Atwood and Bolsinger 1992). Since that time, data collected at higher elevations show that the species may occur as high as 3,000 feet AMSL, but that more 1 . than 99% of the known CAGN locations occurred below 2,500 feet AMSL (65 FR 63680). Because of the natural topography of the Southern California hills and mountain ranges, most of the higher-elevation locations are more inland, where population densities tend to be much lower I than coastal populations. The CAGN typically Occurs in or near coastal scrub, vegetation that is composed of relatively I low-growing, dry-season deciduous and succulent plants. Characteristic plants of this community include California sagebrush (Artemisia caljfornica), various species of sage (Salvia spp.), California buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum), lemonadeberry (Rhus integrjfolia, California I bush sunflower (Encelia calfornica), and cactus (e.g., Opuntia spp.). CAGNs also occur in chaparral, grassland, and riparian vegetation communities where the coastal scrub community is I close by (Bontrager 1991). The use of these vegetation communities appears to be most frequent during late summer, autumn, and winter, with smaller numbers of birds using such areas during the breeding season. The CAGN tends to occur most frequently within the California I sagebrush-dominated stands on mesas, gently sloping areas, and along the lower slopes of the Coast Ranges (Atwood 1990). The CAGN occurs in high frequencies and densities in coastal I scrub communities with an open, or broken canopy, whereas it is absent from coastal scrub dominated by tall shrubs and occurs in low frequencies and densities in low coastal scrub with a closed canopy (Weaver 1998). I . 7094-03 DUDEK 2 May 2012 I . L Liz Ketabian Subject. 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 CAGNs glean insects and spiders from foliage of shrubs, primarily California buckwheat and coastal sagebrush (Atwood 1993). Their diet is primarily composed of spiders but is also composed of wasps, bees, and ants (Burger et al. 1999). CAGN habitat use has been positively associated with total insect species richness and total individual insect abundance (County of Riverside 2008). CAGNs nests usually are located in a small shrub or cactus one to three feet above the ground. Territory size varies and is influenced by season and locale (Preston et al. 1998), but is unrelated to vegetation structure (Braden et al. 1997). During the breeding season, territories in coastal areas are often smaller—averaging 5.7 acres (Atwood et al. 1998)—than those in more inland regions, which average 8.4 acres (Braden et al. 1997). Bailey and Mock (1998) observed juvenile dispersal distances averaging less than 1.9 miles from -the nest territory and the longest. documented juvenile dispersal is about 9.9 miles (Mock 2004). Based on an exponential dispersal model fitted to Rancho San Diego dispersal data; Bailey and Mock (1998) estimated that the CAGN is capable of dispersing up to 13.5 miles. Critical Habitat I On April 24, 2003, the USFWS published the Proposed Rule determining the critical habitat of the CAGN on approximately 495,795 acres of land in Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, San Diego, and Ventura counties (68 FR 20228). The Proposed Rule delineated I lands as critical habitat into 13 critical habitat units, described each unit, and set forth the reasons for proposing the unit as critical habitat. On April 8, 2004, the USFWS published the notice of availability of the draft economic analysis for the proposed designation of critical habitat of the gnatcatcher (69 FR 18516). The draft economic analysis, dated February 24, 2004, was prepared for the USFWS by Economic & Planning Systems, Inc. I On December 19, 2007, the USFWS published the Revised Designation of Critical Habitat for the CAGN (72 FR 72010-72213). The Revised Designation reduced the final critical habitat designation by 298,492 acres from the 2003 Proposed Rule. I Recoveiy Plan No recovery plan for the CAGN has been published. I , 7094-03 DUDEK 3 May 2012 I I I I I I I 1 I I Liz Ketabian Subject: 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 Threats The CAGN has declined due to widespread destruction of its coastal scrub habitat (Atwood 1990). It was estimated as early as the 1970s that up to 90% of coastal scrub has been lost as a result of development and land conversion (Westman 1981; Barbour. and Major 1977), and coastal scrub is considered to be one of the most depleted habitat types in the United States (Kirkpatrick and Hutchinson 1977; Axelrod 1978; Klopatek et al. 1979, Westman 1987; O'Leary 1990). In addition, agricultural use, such as grazing and field crops, urbanization, air pollution, increases in fire frequency, and the introduction of exotics have all had an adverse impact on the extant coastal scrub vegetation community. In particular, high fire frequencies and the lag period associated with recovery of the vegetation may significantly reduce the viability of affected subpopulations of the CAGN (56 FR 47053-47060). Increased competition with introduced Mediterranean annual grasses may cause coastal scrub stand-thinning (Minnich and Dezzani 1998). Another significant threat to the CAGN is the increased risk of predation, which is the most common cause of'nest failures for the CAGN (Grishaver et al. 1998). Nest predators are numerous and especially include native snakes, but also urban-adapted birds such ravens (Corvus corax) and crows (Corvus brachyrhynchos), mesopredators such as common raccoon (Procyon lojor) and Virginia opossum (Dideiphis virginiana), California ground squirrel (Spermophilus beecheyi), and coyote (Canis latrans) (Grishaver et al. 1998). The CAGN also may be parasitized by the brown-headed cowbird (Molothrus ater), although the cowbird's contribution to nest failure varies in different areas (Grishaver et al. 1998). Several other potential human- or development-related factors may affect CAGNs. Construction-related impacts include dust; noise and ground vibration; increased human activity in close proximity to nesting and foraging areas; and lighting, which may alter behavior, induce physiological stress, and increase predation risk. Long-term effects related to development include increased human activity; noise; lighting; pesticides, which may reduce prey and cause secondary poisoning; and predation and harassment by pet, stray, and feral cats and dogs. I I LOCATION The Crossings at Carlsbad project area is located approximately one mile to the east of Interstate 5 in the City of Carlsbad (Figure 1). Palomar Airport Road forms the southern boundary, Hidden Valley Road forms the western boundary, and Faraday Avenue forms the northern boundary (Figure 2). The project area lies in the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS) 7.5 minute topographic maps, Encinitas and San Luis Rey quadrangles on unsectioned lands; Township 12 South, Range 4 West. I 1 [1 I I I I I I I Li] I / I I DUDEK I 4 7094-03 May 2012 Liz Ketabian - Subject: 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego Couly, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 METHODS CAGN surveys were conducted during the CAGN breeding season, at two to four week intervals between March 8 and May 11, 2012 (Table 1). Surveys were conducted by Dudek biologists Paul M. Lemons (PML; TE051248-4) and Thomas Liddicoat (TSL; TE139634-1). The surveys were conducted to determine CAGN occupancy of the study area and to monitor annual CAGN reproductive success for each pair during the survey period. Table 1 2012 Survey Conditions - Coastal California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Survey Pass Date - Biologist's Initials Time . Survey Conditions (skies, wind, temp) 1 3/8/12 PML 0740-1130 61-65 degrees Fahrenheit (°F); 0% cloud cover (cc), 0-7 mile per hour (mph) winds 3/9/12 PML ' 0730-1115 58-72°F; 0% cc; 0-5 mph winds 3/12/12 PML 0800-1200 57-65°F, 0% cc, 0-6 mph winds 3/20/12 TSL 0700-1335 47-58°F, 10-0% cc, 0-8 mph winds 3/21/12 TSL 0620-1240 46-64°F, 10-0% cc, 0-6 mph winds TSL 0630-1200 47-64°F, 0% cc, calm wind 2 4/12/12 TSL 0620-1210 53-66°F, 15-0% cc, 1-7 mph winds 4/13/12 TSL 0622-1200 53-64°F, 10-0% cc, 04 mph winds 4/17/12 PML 0700-1200 63-67°F, 0% cc, 0-3 mph winds 4/18/12 PML 0710-1145 62-64°F, 100-20% cc, 0-4 mph winds 5/1/12 PML 0710-1100 60-61°F, 100% cc, 0-3 mph winds 5/2/12 PML 0725-1150 60-65°F, 100-90% cc, 0-5 mph winds 5/10/12 TSL 0650-1300 58-70°F, 100-0% cc, 0-10 mph winds 5/11/12 TSL 0615-1205 1 60-67°F, 90-0% cc, 0-5 mph winds The surveys consisted of walking meandering transects within suitable habitat and mitigation areas to determine locations of occupied CAGN territories and the breeding status of CAGN pairs. Interstitial golf course sage scrub revegetation areas also were surveyed. All identified CAGN territories and subsequent nest locations were mapped in the field onto a 200-scale (1 inch = 200 feet) aerial map 6f the site. While surveying, a tape recording of CAGN vocalizations was played approximately every 50-100 feet when in suitable habitat to induce CAGN responses. Once a CAGN was detected, tape playback stopped to minimize harassment. During monitoring of occupied CAGN territories, tape playback was restricted to pair detection when the birds could not otherwise be found, or areas where CAGN had not yet been found. For 7094-03 DUDEK 5 May 2012 I Liz Ketabian Subject: 2012 Post-Construction California .Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings I / at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 most pairs, tape playback was not necessary after the first visit because their location was known. If they were difficult to locate, then tape playback was used. For pairs thatwere observed I incubating eggs or feeding nestlings, biologists generally did not inspect the nest contents in order to minimize harassment during the surveys. Breeding attempts were not considered I successful unless biologists observed offspring fledged from the nest. Breeding season observed CAGN Use Areas were mapped for each pair based on the combined I observed CAGN Use Areas during the monitoring passes in 2011. Other monitoring activities included the recording of all other wildlife identified on site during monthly surveys (Appendix A). Binoculars (8 x 42) were used to aid in monitoring and the detection and identification of all I encountered species. The surveys were generally conducted in conformance with current USFWS survey guidelines for the Natural Community Conservation Plan (NCCP) enrolled areas. Weather conditions, time of day, and season were appropriate for the detection of CAGN and other wildlife (Table 1). I Monitoring was conducted under authority of Federal 10a (16 USC 1533 [d] - 50 CFR 17.32) Permit Numbers TE051248-4 (Paul Lemons) and TE139634-2 (Thomas Liddicoat). I RESULTS. • • I. General A total of 46 adult gnatcatchers (23 pairs) were determined to occur within the project area during the 2012 breeding season. This is an increase of three pairs from the 2011 season, nine I pairs from the 2010 season, an increase of ten pairs from the 2009 season, an increase of thirteen pairs from the 2008 breeding season, and an increase of fifteen pairs from the 2007 I breeding season. The 2012 survey season was an abbreviated schedule that ended in May 2012. The schedule was I shortened to coincide with the end of the 5-year maintenance and monitoring period for The • Crossings mitigation program. Survey results are therefore partial and do not reflect an entire breeding season as in past years. • An index map of CAGN use areas is presented in Figure 3. Approximate CAGN observed use areas, nest locations, and observed family group locations are presented in Figures 4 through 26. I. I: '• • 7094-03 • DUDEK S 6 .• May 2012 .1 I' I I, I. .1 Liz Ketabian Subject: 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 Reproductive Monitoring : In 2012, basic reproductive monitoring was conducted for all 23 CAGN pairs located in the study. area with the.goal of estimating annual minimum reproductive success for each pair and for the project area as a whole. Because monitoring visits were scheduled at two- to four-week intervals beginning in March and ending in May, it was not feasible to determine the exact number of nesting attempts or the total number of eggs or nestlings associated with each pair. However, based on the number of nests located, nesting activity observations, fledgling observations, and intervals between cohorts, it is estimated that a minimum total of 18 nesting attempts were made by CAGN on site from March 8th to May 11th, 2012. This resulted in 12 fledglings observed as family groups with adult pairs. Table 2 summarizes the observed reproductive data collected for each CAGN pair. Specific data for each CAGN pair, as well as pair summaries, are provided in Tables 3-23. CAGN Nests In total, 19 nests were located within The Crossings at Carlsbad project area in 2012. This number likely underestimates the total number of nests built by the 23 pairs on site. No direct incidences of brown-headed cowbird nest parasitism were observed on site in 2012. Brown- headed cowbird trapping occurred on site between March 15 and May 15, 2012. Table 2 Observed 2012 California Gnatcatcher Reproductive Data* Pair ID c Nesting Aftemptst Nests Located Nest o Faiktres o Nest Successes Breeding Behavior Not Displayed Total Fledglings' Tee 1 Pair 1 1 . 0 0 0 0 Hole 1 Pair 2 2 1 1 0 3 Tee 2 Pair 0 0 0 0 1 0 Tee 3Pair 0 0 0 0 . 1 0 Tee 5Pair 1 1 1 0 0 0 Hole Pair 0 0 0 0 1 0 Tee 7 Pair 1 1 1 0 0 0 Tee 8 Pair 2 2 1 1 0 . 3 Hole Pair 1 1 , 0 i 1 0 3 Hole 9 Pair. 0 0 0 0 . .1 0 Tee 10 Pair 1 1 0 1 0 3 Hole 10 Pair 0 0 0 0 1 0 Tee 11 Pair 1 1 . 1 0 0 0 Hole 11 Pair 0 0 0 0 1 0 7094-03 DUDEK . 7 . May 2012. Liz Ketabian Subject. 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad; San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 / Table 2 - Observed 2012 California Gnatcatcher Reproductive Data* Pair ID Nesting Attempts Nests Located Nest - Failures Nest Successes Breeding Zelhavior Not Displayed Total - Fledglings -Hole 12 Pair (new in 2 2 2012) 2 0 0 0 Tee 13 Pair 1 1 1 0 0 0 Hole 13 Pair 1 1 1 0 0 0 Hole 14 Pair 1 1 0 0 0 0 Hole 15 Pair 1 1 1 0 0 0 Hole 16 Pair 1 1 (new in 2012) 1 0 0 0 Hole 17 Pair 0 0 0 / 0 1 0 Tee 18 Pair 1 1 1 0 0 0 Hole 18 Pair 1 (new in 2012) 1 0 0 0 Total 19 19 13 4 7 12 *Includes observed data only, and does not include estimated nesting attempts. Nests were not located for all nesting attempts. 'Table 3 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Tee 1 Pair CAGN Nest Nest Date Observed1 Contents2 Status3 Outcome4 Fledged - 3/8/12 1M IF - Pair observed - - Teel Pair , foraging 1 4/17/12 1M, IF - Pair nest building - - - 5/2/12 1M, IF, 3 - Pair observed - - nestlings feeding 3 nestlings Total 1 3 visits IM, IF, 3 - - nestlings. Tee 1 Pair Summary: The Tee 1 Pair made at least one breeding attempt in 2012. This pair was observed building a nest during the April visit, then observed in early May bringing food back to 3 nestlings. Breeding attempts were not considered successful unless biologists observed offspring that fledged from the nest. It is possible that additional nesting attempts were made but not observed. 1. CAGN Observed contains a record of all gnatcatchers located in a territory during a particular site visit. 2 Nest Contents provides a quantitative record (e.g., four eggs) of nest contents based on visual inspection as well as a non-quantitative description of nest contents when a nest inspection was not done but type of contents were known based on timing and behavior (e.g., eggs or nestlings). Status is generally based on direct observation of breeding pairs and/or their active nests. Unknown status means a breeding pair was not located during as site visit and/or the pairs' breeding status could not be determined. 4. Outcome provides a record of whether a particular nesting attempt failed or succeeded. If a nest failed, the specific category of failure (e.g., abandoned or depredated) is provided. If the cause of failure is unknown, the general term Failed' is given. 7094-03 DUDEI( . 8 May 2012 I 1 I I I Liz Ketabian Subject. 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 Table 4 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Hole 1 Pair CAGN Nest Nest . Date Observed' Conte6ts2 Status3 Outcome4 Fledged. 1 3/8/12 11VI, iF - Pair nest building - - 1 4/17/12 1M iF " Pair observed Hole I Pair incubating eggs - 5/1/12 1M, iF 3 Pair observed with Successful 3 fledglings - fledglings Total 2 3 visits im, 1F, - S - I Successful 3 fledglings Hole 1 Pair Summary: The Hole 1 pair made at least one successful nesting attempt in 2012. This pair was observed nest building on 318112, then during the April visit the Hole 1 pair was observed incubating eggs on a different nest than the one observed in March. The Hole 1 pair was observed bringing food to 3 newly fledged young on 5/1/12. It is possible that additional nesting attempts were made but not observed. 1. CAGN Observed contains a record of all gnatcatchers located in a territory during a particular site visit. Nest Contents provides a quantitative record (e.g., four eggs) of nest contents based on visual inspection as well as a non-quantitative description of nest contents when a nest inspection was not done but We of contents were known based on liming and behavior (e.g., eggs or nestlings). 3. Status is generally based on direct observation of breeding pairs and/or their active nests. Unknown status means a breeding pair was not located during as site visit and/or the pairs breeding status could not be determined. S4 Outcome provides a record of whether a particular nesting attempt failed or succeeded. If a nest failed, the specific category of failure (e.g., abandoned or depredated) is provided. If the cause of failure is unknown, the general term Failed is given. Table 5 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Tee 2Pair CAGN Nest Nest Date Observed1 11, Contents2 Status3 Outcome4 Fledged - 3/8/12 1M, iF - Pair observed - - _______ ____________ foraging __________________ _____________ Tee2 Pair - 4/18/12 1M, iF - 1g?gservedfora — 5/1/12 1M, iF - Pair gfora?e11&l ng Total 0 3 visits IM, IF - - - - - Tee 2 Pair Summary: No breeding behavior was observed by the Tee 2 Pair in 2012. This pair was observed foraging on all survey visits. No nests or offspring were observed during the 2012 monitoring effort. It is possible that nesting attempts were made but not observed. 7094-03 DUDEK 9 May 2012 i I 1 I I, I I . I I . I 1 I 1 I I I I I I I I 1 I i I I I I I 1 I - N Liz Ketabian Subject. 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 / Table 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Tee 3Pair CAGN Nest Nest Date .. Observed1 Contents2 Status3 I Outcome4 Fledged - 3/9/12 1M, iF / - Pair observed - _____________ _____________ foraging Tee 3 Pair - 4/18/12 1M, iF - Pa :g erveding - - — 5/1/12 1M, iF - Pair gcerved fora T - Total 0 3 visits IM, IF - - -. - Tee 3 Pair Summary: . 4 No breeding behavior was observed by the Tee 3 Pair in 2012. This pair was observed foraging on all survey visits. No nests or offspring were observed during the 2012 monitoring effort. It is possible that nesting attempts were made but not observed. CAGN Observed contains a record of all gnatcatchers located in a territory during a particular site visit. Nest Contents provides a quantitative record (e.g., four eggs) of nest contents based on visual inspection as well as a non-quantitative description of nest contents when a nest inspection was not done but type of contents were known based on timing and behavior (e.g., eggs or nestlings). Status is generally based on direct observation of breeding pairs and/or their active nests. Unknown status means a breeding pair was not located during as site visit and/or the pairs' breeding status could not be determined. Outcome provides a record of whether a particular nesting attempt failed or succeeded. If a nest failed, the specific category of failure (e.g., abandoned or depredated) is provided. If the cause of failure is unknown, the general term Failed is given. / . Table 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Tee S Pair CAGN Nest I Nest Date Observed' Contents2 Status! Outcome4 Fledged 1 3/12/12 -1M, iF - Pair nest building - - Tee 5 Pair Pair - 4/18/12 1M, iF . - Og?rved ng Failed - — 5/1/12 1M, iF - Pa:gobseI•Vedfor — - ing Total 1 3 visits 11M, 1F - — I Failed 0 Tee 5 Pair Summary: The Tee 5 pair made at least one nesting attempt in 2012, failing to produce offspring. The pair was observed building a nest during the first - visit in March. During the April visit, the nest had been abandoned and the pair was foraging and not displaying any breeding behavior. The Tee 5 pair was observed foraging during the May visit. It is possible that additional nesting attempts were made but not observed. - 7094-03 DUDEK - 10 May 2012 I- - I I 1 I I I I I I I I I I I .1 Liz Ketabian ( Subject: 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 I I I 1 Table 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Hole 6 Pair CAGN Nest Nest Date Observed1 Contents2 Status3 Outcome4 Fledged - 3/12/12 IM, 1F - Pair observed - - _______ ____________ ______________ ___________ foraging Hole 6 Pair - 4/18/12 1M iF - Pair observed - - foraging - 5/1/12 1M iF - Pair observed - - foraging Total 0 3visits IM, IF - - - - Hole 6 Pair Summary: No breeding behavior was observed by the Hole 6 Pair in 2012. This pair was observed foraging on all survey visits. No nests or offspring were observed during the 2012 monitoring effort. It is possible that nesting attempts were made but not observed. CAGN Observed contains a record of all gnatcatchers located in a territory during a particular site visit. Nest Contents provides a quantitative record (e.g., four eggs) of nest contents based on visual inspection as well as a non-quantitative description of nest contents when a nest inspection was not done but type of contents were known based on timing and behavior (e.g., eggs or nestlings). Status is generally based on direct observation of breeding pairs and/or their active nests. Unknown status means a breeding pair was not located during as site visit and/or the pairs' breeding status could not be determined. Outcome provides a record of whether a particular nesting attempt failed or succeeded. If a nest failed, the specific category of failure (e.g., abandoned or depredated) is provided. If the cause of failure is unknown, the general term Failed is given. Table 9 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data - Tee 7Pair CAGN Nest Nest Date Observed1 Contents2 Status3 Outcome4 Fledged 1 3/9/12 1M, iF - Pair nest building - - Tee 7 Pair - 4/18/12 IM, iF - Pair g?e1d Failed 5/1/12 fora - ng 1M, iF - Pair gcerved - - fora Totals ' 1 3 visits IM, IF - - . I Failed 0 Tee 7 Pair Summary: / The Tee 7 pair made at least one nesting attempt in 2012, failing to produce offspring. The pair was observed building a nest during the first visit in March. During the April visit, the nest had been abandoned and the pair was foraging and not displaying any breeding behavior. The Tee 7 pair was observed foraging during the May visit. It is possible that additional nesting attempts were made but not observed. - , 7094-03 DUDEK . . 11 May 2012 Liz Ketabian Subject. 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 Table 10' 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Tee 8Pair CAGN- Nest. Nest Date Observed' Contents2 Status3 Outcome4 Fledged 1 3/8/12 1M, iF - Pair nest building - - March nest Tee 8 Pair 1 4/17/12 1M iF 3 abandoned. Pair Faded - nestlings observed feeding 3 nestlings - 5/2/12 1M iF 3 Pair observed with Successful 3 fledglings - fledglings Total 2 3visits IM,IF,3 - - - I Failed,1 fledglings Successful Tee 8 Pair Summary: The Tee 8 pair made at least one successful nesting attempt in 2012. This pair was observed nest building on 3/8/12, then during the April visit the Tee 8 pair was observed incubating eggs on a different nest than the one observed in March. The Tee 8 pair was observed as a family group with 3 fledglings on 5/2112. It is possible that additional nesting attempts were made but not observed. CAGN Observed contains a record of all gnatcatchers located in a territory during a particular site visit. Nest Contents provides a quantitative record (e.g., four eggs) of nest contents based on visual inspection as well as a non-quantitative description of nest contents when a nest inspection was not done but type of contents were known based on timing and behavior (e.g., eggs or nestlings). Status is generally based on direct observation of breeding pairs and/or their active nests. Unknown status means a breeding pair was not located during as site visit and/or the pairs breeding status could not be determined. 1. Outcome provides af record of whether a particular nesting attempt failed or succeeded. If a nest failed, the specific category of failure (e.g., abandoned or depredated) is provided. If the cause of failure is unknown, the general term'Failed' is given. Table 11 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Hole 8 Pair CAGN Nest Nest Date Observed1 Contents2 Status3 Outcome4 Fledged .1 3/8/12 1M, iF - Pair nest building - - Hole Pair - 4/17/12 1M, - Pair observed Successful 3 glings . with fledglings fled -. 5/2/12 Not detected - Not detected - - Total 1 3 visits I 1M, 1F, - I Successful 3 fledglings - Hole 8 Pair Summary: The Hole 8 pair made at least one successful nesting attempt in 2012, producing at least 3 fledglings. Observation of nest building occurred during the March visit with 3 fledglings observed during the following visit in April. The Hole 8 pair was not observed during the May visit. It is possible that additional nesting attempts were made but not observed. . 7094-03 DUDEK 12 May 2012 1. .1 I I I I I I. 'I I; I I I I I I I I Liz Ketabian Subject. 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 Table 12 - . 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Hole 9 Pair Hole Pair Nest Date CAGN Observed1 Nest Contents2 . Status3 Outcome4 Fledged - 3/8/12 1M, iF - Pair observed foraging - - 4/17/12 1M, iF - Pair observed foraging - - — 5/2/12 1M, iF - Pair observed foraging I - Total 0 3visits 1M, IF - - - _m I Hole 9 Pair Summary: No breeding behavior was observed by the Hole 9 Pair in 2012. This pair was observed foraging on all survey visits. No nests or offspring were observed during the 2012 monitoring effort. It is possible that nesting attempts were made but not observed. CAGN Observed contains a record of all gnatcatchers located in a territory during a particular site visit. Nest Contents provides a quantitative record (e.g., four eggs) of nest contents based on visual inspection as well as a non-quantitative description of nest contents when a nest inspection was not done but type of contents were known based on timing and behavior (e.g., eggs or nestlings). ' Status is generally based on direct observation of breeding pairs and/or their active nests. Unknown status means a breeding pair was not located during as site visit and/or the pairs' breeding status could not be determined. 4. Outcome provides a record of whether a particular nesting attempt failed or succeeded. If a nest failed, the specific category of failure (e.g., abandoned or depredated) is provided. If the cause of failure is unknown, the general term Failed" is given. Table 13 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Tee 10 Pair - -. CAGN ' : Nest • I .. . ,•, . Nest ° Date Observed' ' ConteTits2 Status!. Outcome4 Fledged 3/20/12 1M, iF Pair observed Tee 10 Pair , foraging 1 4/13/12 1M, iF - Pair nest building - 5/10/12 1 M, iF, 3 fledglings - Pair observed with Successful 3 fledglings Total 1 3 visits I M, IF, 3 fledglings - . - . successful Tee 10 Pair Summary: The Tee 10 Pair made at least one successful breeding attempt in 2012. This pair was observed building a nest during the April visit, then observed with 3 fledglings in May. It is possible that additional nesting attempts were made but not observed. Ii 7094-03 DUDEK . 13 May 2012 I Liz Ketabian . Subject. 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings I . at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 I I I I I p I I I, I I -I: I I I, I , Table 14 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Hole 10 Pair Hole 10 Pair Nest. Date. CAGN Observed', .Nest Contents2 - .. Status3 Out6ome4 Fledged - 3/20/12 1M, iF - Pair observed foraging - - — 4/13/12 . 11M, iF - Pair observed foraging - - — 5/10/12 1M, iF - Pair observed foraging - - Total 0 3visits 1M, 1F I - - - - Hole 10 Pair Summary: No breeding behavior was observed by the Hole 10 Pair in 2012. This pair was observed foraging on all survey visits. No nests or offspring were observed within the Hole 10 pair Use Area during the 2012 monitoring effort. It is possible' that nesting attempts were made but not observed. CAGN Observed contains a record of all gnatcatchers located in a territory during a particular site visit. Nest Contents provides a quantitative record (e.g., four eggs) of nest contents based on visual inspection as well as a non-quantitative description of nest contents when a nest inspection was-not done but type of contents were known based on timing and behavior (e.g., eggs or nestlings). Status is generally based on direct observation of breeding pairs and/or their active nests. Unknown status means a breeding pair was not located during as site visit and/or the pairs' breeding status could not be determined. Outcome provides a record of whether a particular nesting attempt failed or succeeded. If a nest failed, the speôific category of failure (e.g., abandoned or depredated) is provided. If the cause of failure is unknown, the general term Failed is given. Table 15 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Tee 11 Pair . CAGN Nest Nest -- Date -Observed' . Contents2 . Statuè - . .Outcome4 Fledged 1 3/21/12 1M, iF - Pair nest building - - Pair observed Tee 11 Pair 4/12/12 11M, iF - foraging, nest Failed - abandoned - 5/10/12 1 M iF - Pair observed - - _ ______________ foraging Total 1 1 3 visits IM, IF - - I Failed - - Tee 11 Pair Summary: The Tee 11 pair made at least one nesting attempt in 2012, failing to produce offspring. The pair was observed building a nest during the first visit in March. During the April visit, the nest had been abandoned and the pair was foraging and not displaying any breeding behavior. The Tee 11 pair was observed foraging during the May visit. It is possible that additional nesting attempts were made but not observed. 7094-03 14 May 2012 - I Liz Ketabian - Subject. 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings I at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 I Table 16 - 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Hole 11 Pair Hole 11 Pair Nest Date CAGN Observed' ' Nest Contents2 Status3 Outcome4 Fledged - 3/21/12 1M, iF - Pair observed foraging - - — 4/12/12 1M, iF - Pair observed foraging - - — 5/10/12 1M, iF - Pair observed foraging - - Total 0 3visits I 1M, IF - - - - Hole 11 Pair Summary: No breeding behavior was observed by the Hole 11 Pair in 2012. This pair was observed foraging on all survey visits. No nests or offspring were observed within the Hole 11 pair Use Area during the 2012 monitoring effort. It is possible that nesting attempts were made but not observed. CAGN Observed contains a record of all gnatcatchers located in a territory during a particular site visit. Z Nest Contents provides a quantitative record (e.g., four eggs) of nest contents based on visual inspection as well as a non-quantitative description of nest contents when a nest inspection was not done but We of contents were known based on timing and behavior (e.g., eggs or nestlings). - Status is generally based on direct observation of breeding pairs and/or their active nests. Unknown status means a breeding pair was not located during as site visit and/or the pairs' breeding status could not be determined. / Outcome provides a record of whether a particular nesting attempt failed or succeeded. If a nest failed, the specific category of failure (e.g., abandoned or depredated) is provided. If the cause of failure is unknown, the general term Failed" is given. Table 17 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Hole 12 Pair • -CAGN°° Nest Nest Date Observed' Contents2 Status3 Outcome4 Fledged 1 3/22/12 1M, iF - Pair nest building - - 11Pair nest building, Hole 12 Pair 'New in 2012' 1 4/12/12 IM, iF - March nest Failed - abandoned Pair observed -J 5/10/12 1M, 1F - foraging, Apnl nest Failed - abandoned ______ Total 2 3 visits I M, IF -. - 2 Failed - Hole 12 Pair Summary: - The Hole 12 pair made at least two nesting attempts in 2012, failing to produce offspring. The Hole 12 pair was observed nest building during both the March and April visits. Both nests were observed to be either abandoned or destroyed during subsequent visits. The Hole 12 pair was observed foraging during the May visit. It is possible that nesting attempts were made but not observed. ( 7094-03 DUDEK . 15 • May 2012 (1 CAGN Nest Nest Date Observed' Contents2 Status3. Outcome" Fledged Tee 13Pair 1 3/22/12 1M, iF - Pair observed nest building - - 4/13/12 1M iF - Pair observed foraging, nest abandoned Failed - - 5/11/12 1M, 1F - Pair observed foraging - - Total 1 3 visits IM, IF - - I Failed 0 Tee 13 Pair Summary: The Tee 13 pair made at least one nesting attempt in 2012, failing to produce offspring. The pair was observed building a nest during the first visit in March. During the April visit, the nest had been abandoned and the pair was foraging and not displaying any breeding behavior. The Tee 13 pair was observed foraging during the May visit. It is possible that additional nesting attempts were made but not observed. 1. CAGN Observed contains a record of all gnatcatchers located in a territory during a particular site visit. - Nest Contents provides a quantitative record (e.g., four eggs) of nest contents based on visual inspection as well as a non-quantitative description of nest contents when a nest inspection was not done but type of contents were known based on timing and behavior (e.g., eggs or nestlings). ' Status is generally based on direct observation of breeding pairs and/or their active nests. Unknown status means a breeding pair was not located during as site visit and/or the pairs' breeding status could not be determined. - 4. Outcome provides a record of whether a particular nesting attempt failed or succeeded. If a nest failed, the speific category of failure (e.g., abandoned or depredated) is provided. If the cause of failure is unknown, the general term "Failed" is given. .1 Table 19 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Hole 13 Pair CAGN Nest - - -) 0 Nest Date . Observed' Contents2 Status3 Outcome4 Fledged 1 3/21/12 1M, iF Pair observed nest building - - Pair observed Hole 13 Pair - 4/12/12 1M, iF - - foraging, nest Failed - ' abandoned - 5/11/12 1M - Male only - - observed foraging Total 1 3 visits I IM, IF -( - I Failed 0 Hole 13 Pair Summary: The Hole 13 pair made at least one nesting attempt in 2012, failing to produce offspring. The pair was observed building a nest'during the first visit in March. During the April visit, the nest had been abandoned and the pair was foraging and not displaying any breeding behavior. The Hole 13 male was observed foraging during the May visit. It is possible that additional nesting attempts were made but not observed. 7094-03 DUDEK 16 May 2012 11 I I I] I I. I I I I I I Si I I I I I I I Liz Ketabian Subject: 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 Table 18 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Tee 13 Pair Liz Ketabian Subject: 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 andTE139634-1 Table 20 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Hole 14 Pair - ' CAGN Nest Nest Date Observed' Contents2 Status3 Outcome4 Fledged - 3/22/12 1M iF - Pair observed - - _________ __________ foraging _________________ ___________ Hole 14 Pair - 4/13/12 1 M 1F ' - Pair observed foraging 1 5/11/12 1M iF - Pair observed nest - -' building Total I 3visits I 1M, 1F - - - - Hole 14 Pair Summary: The Hole 14 Pair made at least one breeding attempt in 2012. This pair was observed foraging during the first two visits in March and April. On 5/11/12, the Hole 14 pair was observed building a nest. Breeding attempts were not considered successful unless biologists observed offspring fledged from the nest. It is possible that additional nesting attempts were made but not observed. 1' CAGN Observed contains a record of all gnatcatchers located in a territory during a particular site visit. Nest Contents provides a quantitative record (e.g., four eggs) of nest contents based on visual inspection as well as a non-quantitative description of nest contents when a nest inspection was not done but We of contents were known based on timing and behavior (e.g., eggs or nestlings). Status is generally based on direct observation of breeding pairs and/or their active nests. Unknown status means a breeding pair was not located during as site visit and/or the pairs' breeding status could not be determined. 4 Outcome provides a record of whether a particular nesting attempt failed or succeeded.lf a nest failed, the specific category of failure (e.g., abandoned or depredated) is provided. If the cause of failure is unknown, the general term Failed" is given. Table 21 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data - Hole 15 Pair CAGN. Nest Nest Date Observed' Contents? Status3 Outcome4 Fledged 1 3/22/12 1M, 1F - Pair observed nest building , ' Pair observed Hole 15 Pair - 4/13/12 , 1M, iF - foraging, nest ' Failed - abandoned 5/11/12 1M, 1F I - Pair gerved fora Total 1 3 visits IM, IF - - I Failed 0 Hole 15 Pair Summary: . The Hole 15 pair made at least one nesting attempt in 2012, failing to produce offspring. The pair was observed building a nest during the first visit in March. During the April visit, the nest had been abandoned and the pair was foraging and not displaying any breeding behavior. The Hole 15 pair was observed foraging during the May visit. It is possible that additional nesting attempts were made but not observed. - 17 7094-03 May 2012 LOP ( Liz Ketabian - Subject: 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 Table 22 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Hole 16 Pair CAGN 7 Nest Nest Date Observed'.- Contents2 Status3 Outcome4 Fledged 1 3/21/12 1M iF - Pair observed nest - - Hole 16 Pair _________ _____ building - Pair observed 'New in 2012' - 4/12/12 1M, 1F - foraging, nest Failed - abandoned - 5/11/12 1M, iF,::l - i:g erveding - - Total 1 3 visits IM, IF I - - I Failed 0 Hole 16 Pair Summary: The Hole 16 pair made at least one nesting attempt in 2012, failing to produce offspring. The pair was observed building a nest during the first visit in March. During the April visit, the nest had been abandoned and the pair was foraging and not displaying any breeding behavior. The Hble 16 pair was observed foraging during the May visit. It is possible that additional nesting attempts were made but not observed. CAGN Observed contains a record of all gnatcatchers located in a territory during a particular site visit. Nest Contents provides a quantitative record (e.g., four eggs) of nest contents based pn visual inspection as well as a non-quantitative description of nest contents when a nest inspection was not done but type of contents were known based on timing and behavior (e.g., eggs or nestlings). - Status is generally based on direct observation of breeding pairs and/or their active nests. Unknown status means a breeding pair was not located during as site visit and/or the pairs' breeding status could not be determined. ' Outcome provides a record of whether a particular nesting attempt failed or succeeded. If a nest failed, the specific category of failure (e.g., abandoned or depredated) is provided. If the cause of failure is unknown, the general term Failed is given. . Table 23 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Hole 17 Pair Hole 17 Pair Nest Date'.'Observed1 CAGN J Nest Contents2 Status3 Outcome4 Fleded - 3/21/12 Not detected - Not detected - - — 4/12/12 1M, 1F - Pair observed foraging - - — 5/11/12 1M, iF - Pair observed foraging - - Total 0 3 visits IM, IF - - - - Hole 17 Pair Summary: . No breeding behavior was observed by the Hole 17 Pair in 2012. This pair was not detected during the first visit in March, then was observed foraging during survey visits in April and May. No nests or offspring were observed within the Hole 17 pair Use Area during the 2012 monitoring effort. It is possible that nesting attempts were made but not observed. 7094-03 DUDEK 18 . . May 2012 Liz Ketabian Subject: 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 FA and TE139634-1 Table 24 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Tee 18 Pair , CAGN Nest Nest Date Observed1 Contents2 Status3 Outcome4 Fledged - 3/21/12 IM, iF - . Pair gcerved fora - - 1 4/12/12 1M, iF -Pair observed nest building - - Tee 18 Pair Pair observed - 5/11/12 1M, iF - foraging, nest Failed - abandoned Total 1 3 visits $ IM, IF - - I Failed 0 Tee 18 Pair Summary: The Tee 18 pair made at least one nesting attempt in 2012, failing to produce offspring. The Tee 18 pair was observed foraging during the March visit. The pair was observed building a nest during the April visit. During the May visit, the nest had been abandoned and the pair was foraging and not displaying any breeding behavior. It is possible that additional nesting attempts were made but not observed. CAGN Observed contains a record of all gnatcatchers located in a territory during a particular site visit. Nest Contents provides a quantitative record (e.g., four eggs) of nest contents based on visual inspection as well as a non-quantitative description of nest contents when a nest inspection was not done but type of contents were known based on timing and behavior (e.g., eggs or nesthngs). Status is generally based on direct observation of breeding pairs and/or their active nests. Unknown status means a breeding pair was not located during as site visit and/or the pairs' breeding status could not be determined. Outcome provides a record of whether a particular nesting attempt failed or succeeded. If a nest failed, the specific category of failure (e.g., abandoned or depredated) is provided. If the cause of failure is unknown, the general term Tailed' is given. Table 25 2012 California Gnatcatcher Data Hole 18 Pair CAGN Nest, Nest Date Observed1 Contents2 Status3 Outcome4 Fledged 1 3/20/12 1M iF - Pair observed nest - - ________ __________ building ________________ ___________ Hole 18 Pair Pair observed 'New in 2012' - 4/13/12 1M, iF - foraging, nest Failed - abandoned 5/10/12 1M ,IF - Pair observed - - foraging Total 1 3 visits IM, IF - - 1 Failed 0 Hole 18 Pair Summary: The Hole 18 pair made at least one nesting attempt in 2012, failing to produce offspring. The pair was observed building a nest during the first visit in March. During the April visit, the nest had been abandoned and the pair was foraging and not displaying any breeding behavior. The Hole 18 pair was observed foraging during the May visit, It is possible that additional nesting attempts were made but not observed. -' 7094-03 DUDEK 19 . May 2012 I Liz Ketabian Subject: 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 I CAGN Fledglings I A total of 12 fledglings were observed in the study area from 4 successful nesting attempts out of 19 observed total attempts. All 4 successful nesting attempts produced three fledglings per nest. I Sixteen of the 23 total pairs on site were observd displaying breeding behavior (i.e., nest building, incubating eggs, family groups) during 2012 monitoring visits. These 16 breeding pairs include the Tee 1, Hole 1, Tee 5, Tee 7, Tee 8, Hole 8, Tee 10, Tee 11, Hole 12, Tee 13, Hole 13, Hole 14, I HOle 15, Hole 16, Tee 18 pairs, and Hole 18 pairs. Of the sixteen breeding CAGN pairs on site, more than one nesting attempt was observed by the Hole 1, Tee 8, and Hole 12 pairs in 2012. I Breeding behavior was not observed by the Tee 2, Tee 3, Hole 6, Hole 9, Hole 10, Hole 11, and Hole 17 pairs during 2012 monitoring visits. I HABITAT On site, suitable habitats are represented by disturbed and undisturbed, and restored and I revegetated phases of CSS and Baccharis scrub. CSS is dominated by California sagebrush, California buckwheat, coast goldenbush (Isocoma I .. veneta), and coyote brush (Baccharis pilularis), with lesser amounts of lemonadeberry (Rhus integrfolia) and black sage (Salvia mellfera) and occasional stands of chamise (Adenostoma fasciculatum). Any disturbed areas of CSS on site is evidenced by the presence of weedy invasive annuals such as black mustard (Brassica nigra), sweet fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), slender oats (Avena barbata), and brome grass (Bromus spp.). Baccharis scrub consists of stands I of coyote bush with patches of invasive plants such as black mustard, slender oats and fennel. Baccharis scrub is an upland community that is closely related to CSS. Baccharis scrub typically I develops in drainage bottoms or mesic floodplains following disturbance to the native plant community. This community is dominated by coyote brush with a few successional elements of the former native community, including California sagebrush, California buckwheat, coast I goldenbush, or other disturbance-tolerant native plants. The understory usually includes a variety of non-native herbs and grasses. I Maintenance of CSS restoration areas continued throughout the project area during the 2012 breeding season. CAGNs continued to utilize suitable CSS habitat on the golf course that was not I impacted by construction. CSS habitat that was planted in 2.007 has grown, and become better established and matured over the last four years. CAGN were observed foraging and nesting I .within mature CSS mitigation areas again in 2012, as they began utilizing these areas in 2010. - . 7094-03 DUDEK 20 May 2012 H I Liz Ketabian - Subject: 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 I Ongoing management of restored and revegetated CSS habitat areas will maximize carrying capacity for CAGNs to reside and nest on site. Additional potential mitigation areas at Hole 16 I and Hole 4 have to potential to create, additional suitable CAGN habitat and effectively increase the existing on-site population. Expansion of these potential habitat areas will provide resources for dispersing fledgling CAGN to establish additional on-site breeding territories. Without new I habitat resources, fledglings are likely to disperse off site. This is not necessarily a bad situation because this dispersal of individuals contributes to genetic mixing within the local and regional I CAGN population. Brown-headed Cowbirds I Four traps were operated from March 15 to May 15, 2012, by Dudek. Dudek removed 48 cowbirds in 2012, including 31 males and 17 females. In addition to cowbirds, 198 non-target I , birds were captured and released. A 2012 Brown-headed Cowbird Trapping Proam Report was prepared separately. The report recommends a reduction in the number of traps to be operated in future years from four traps to two traps; one trap in the uplands and one trap in wetlands areas I along McCario Canyon where wetlands mitigation has occurred. This reduction of traps is not anticipated to have an adverse effect on the CAGN population because only traps with low I efficiency are being eliminated. DISCUSSION I Distribution' I During the 2012 breeding season, The Crossings has supported a total of 23 pairs of CAGN (Figures 3-26). CAGN are distributed evenly within suitable habitat (i.e., mature CSS) across the site. A steady increase in CAGN pairs since 2007 has resulted in an 'increase in the density of I CAGN use areas within suitable CAGN habitat on site. It appears that the CAGN population at The Crossings has 'reached, or is close to reaching its maximum carrying capacity on site. It is I also possible that CAGN Use Areas will reduce in size for existing CAGN pairs on site, thereby increasing on-site carrying capacity by increasing CAGN density on site. I :Suitable gnatcatcher habitat has increased on site over the last few years as CSS restoration and revegetation areas have matured, which has also helped accommodate an increase in CAGN pairs. The Tee 1, Hole 1, Tee 2, Tee 3, Tee 7, Tee 8, Hole 8, Hole 9, Tee 10, Hole 10, Tee 11, I 'Hole 11, Hole 12, Tee 13, Hole 13, Hole 14, Hole 15, Hole 16, Hole 17, Tee 18, and Hole 18 pairs all have observed use areas within CSS restoration areas. Revegetation areas (non- 1 7094-03 DUDEK : 21 May 2012 I I Liz ketabian . Subject. 2012 Post-Construction Calforñia Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings U . at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 I mitigation areas) have also contributed resources to CAGN territories at the following territories: Hole 1, Tee2, Tee5, Hole 6, Hole 14, Hole 16, and Tee 18. These occupied revegetation areas I should be recognized for the function and services these areas contribute to gnatcatcher territories. Consideration should be given to formalize these areas through mitigation credits as I mitigation land that would be managed as HMP land. Reproductive Success I Sixteen of the 23 total CAGN pairs displayed breeding behavior during, monitoring visits in 2012. Of the 16 breeding pairs, 4 of these pairs made successful nesting attempts. Minimally, I observed successful nesting attempts produced three fledglings per nest for a total of 12 fledglings. It is possible that additional nesting attempts were made but not observed, and that additional breeding attempts will occur further into the 2012 breeding season. I At least 12 fledglings (an average of 0.75 fledglings/breeding pair) were produced on site during the 2012 breeding season. In 2011, at least 37 fledglings (an average of 2.46 fledglings/breeding '1 pair) were produced on site during the 2011 breeding season. In 2010, at least 29 fledglings were produced by twelve breeding pairs (2.42 fledglings/breeding pair). In 2009, at least 17 fledglings were produced by eight breeding pairs (2.125 fledglings/breeding pair). In 2008, at least 16 I fledglings were produced by eight breeding pairs (2.0 fledglings/breeding pair). In 2007, at least 3 fledglings were produced by five breeding pairs (0.6 fledglings/breeding pair). I . CONCLUSION • I In 2012, The Crossings at Carlsbad supported 23 CAGN pairs. Sixteen CAGN pairs (70% of total CAGN pairs) were documented breeding pairs producing a total of 12 fledglings. Fledgling production and successful nesting attempts decreased in 2012 compared to previous years. Many of the nest failures in 2012 may be attributed to relatively consistent late season rain events. Several nests appeared to have been destroyed after these late season rain events in 2012. I Additionally, surveys were completed only through May 2012 to coincide with the end of the mitigation monitoring period for the Crossings mitigation program. Additional successful breeding attempts will likely occur further into the 2012 CAGN breeding season. Total I reproductive data for each year from 2007 to 2012 is shown in Table 26. 7094-03 DUDEK 22 May 2012 / Liz Ketabian Subject. 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 Table 26 Total California Gnatcatcher Reproductive Data, 20072012* Year. Total Number of Pairs Nesting Attempts Nests Located Nest Failures Nest Successes Breeding Behavior Not Displayed Total Fledglings 2007 8 5 4 2 3 3 3 2008 10 11 6 4 7 2 16 2009 13 13 12 6 7 6 17 2010 14 16 10 4 12 2 29 2011 ' 20 18 11 2 16 5 37 2012 23. 19 19 13 4 7 12 *Includes observed data only, and does not include estimated nesting attempts. Nests were not located for all nesting attempts. In 2008, there was a considerable increase in fledgling production, likely due to CAGN reoccupation once construction activities were completed in 2007. This, combined with adequate rainfall, contributed to good habitat conditions and likely an abundance of food resources in 2008. In 2009, revegetation areas that support suitable CAGN habitat (i.e., CSS) began to mature and become more established, increasing suitability for CAGN occupancy, thereby increasing on-site carrying capacity for CAGN. In 2010, much of the CSS revegetation and mitigation areas within the study area had become suitable CAGN habitat. This resulted in more area available to CAGN's. In 2011 we saw continued occupation by CAGN pairs within now mature CSS restoration and revegetation areas on site: The density of CAGN use areas within suitable gnatcatcher habitat on site also increased in 2011. The CAGN population at The Crossings has greatly benefitted from the habitat mitigation program for The Crossings (restoration and revegetation) over the last six years. Carrying capacity for CAGN has increased each year since 2007. It is likely that on-site carrying capacity for CAGN is reaching a maximum as nearly all areas of suitable CAGN habitat on site are occupied by CAGN. Additional areas with high potential for CAGN habitat creation are present along the slopes south of Hole 16 'and south of Hole 4. These areas present the greatest potential to create additional habitat resources that can further increase the on-site CAGN population. . 7094-03 DUDEK 23 May 2012 I Liz Ketabian. Subject:' 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings I at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 I . Please contact me 760.479.4238 or Michael Sweesy at 760.479.4253 with any questions or comments regarding this report. Si Paul ' Wildlife Biologist Att: Figures 1-26 Appendix A - List of Wildlife Species Observed or Detected at the Project Site cc: Recovery Permit Coordinator, US. Fish and Wildlife Service Mark Steyaert, City of Carlsbad I Brandon Miles, City of Carlsbad ., Mike Grim, City of Carlsbad Michael Sweesy, Dudek Brock Ortega, Dudek ' 7094-03 I I.. ... I N DUDEK 24 . May 2012 I Liz Ketabian Subject. 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 I REFERENCES I 56 FR 47053-47060. Proposed rule: "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants: Proposed Rule to List the Coastal California Gnatcatcher as Endangered.". 1991. I 65 FR 63680. Final rule: "Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants; Final Determination of Critical Habitat for the Coastal California Gnatcatcher." 2000. ' 68 FR 20228-20312. 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"California Gnatcatchers and Coastal Sage Scrub: The Biological Basis for - Endangered Species Listing." In Interface between Ecology and Land Development in California, éd. J.E. Keeley, 149-169. Los Angeles, California: Southern California Academy of Sciences. I , Atwood, J.L. and J.S. Bolsinger. 1992. "Elevational Distribution of California Gnatcatchers in the United States." Journal of Field Ornithology 63:159-168. 'Atwood, J.L., S.H. Tsai, C.H. Reynolds, J.C. Luttrell and M.R. Fugagli. 1998. Factors Affecting Estimates of California Gnatcatcher Territory Size. Western Birds 29:269-279. 1 Axelrod, D. 1978. "The Origin of Coastal Sage Vegetation, Alta and Baja California." American Journal of Botany 65(10):1117-113.1. 1 7094-03 DUDEK 25 May 2012 I I... Liz Ketabian Subject: 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings I .at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 Bailey, E.A. and P.J. Mock. 1998. "Dispersal Capability of the California Gnatcatcher: A I .Landscape Analysis of Distribution Data." Western Birds 29:351-360. Barbour, M., and J. Major. 1977. Terrestrial Vegetation of Calfornia. New York, New York: I John Wiley and Sons. Bontrager, D.R. 1991. Habitat Requirements, Home Range, and Breeding Biology of the California Gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica) in South Orange County, California. I . Prepared for Santa Margarita Co.; Rancho Santa Margarita, California. April. Braden, G.T., R.L. McKernan, and S.M. Powell. 1997. "Association of Within-Territory I . Vegetation Characteristics and Fitness Components of California Gnatcatchers." Auk 114:601-609. I Burger, J.C., M.A. Patten, J.T. Rotenberry, and R.A. Redak. 1999. "Foraging Ecology of the California Gnatcatcher Deduced from Fecal Samples." Oecologia 120:304-310. County of Riverside. 2008. "BIRDS." Volume 2 - The MSHCP Reference Document. Western Riverside County Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan. County of Riverside Transportation and Land Management Agency (TLMA). Accessed October 20, 2008, at: http://www.rctlma.org/mshcp/volume21birds.html. Dudek. 2007. As-Built Mitigation Map. Grishaver, M.A., P.J. Mock, and K.L. Preston. 1998. "Breeding Behavior of the California Gnatcatcher in Southwestern San Diego County, California." Western Birds 29:299-322. Kirkpatrick, J.B. and C.F. Hutchinson. 1977. "The Community Composition of California Coastal Sage Scrub." Vegetation 35:21-33. Kiopatek, J., R. Oson, C. Emerson, and J. Jones. 1979. "Land Use Conflicts with Natural Vegetation in the United States." Environmental Conservation 6:191-199. LSA, Inc. 1992. Pre-Construction Survey for California Gnatcatchers at the Carlsbad Municipal Golf Course Site. Minnich, R.A. and R.J. Dezzani. 1998. "Historical Decline of Coastal Sage Scrub in the Riverside-Perris Plain, California." Western Birds 29:366-391. I 7094-03 DUDEK 26 May 2012 I I i Lr] I I I I I I, I I 1 I I . I I I I . I I I I I I 1 Liz Ketabian Subject: 2012 Post-Construction California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report for The Crossings at Carlsbad, City of Carlsbad, San Diego County, California, Permit # TE051248-4 and TE139634-1 Mock, P.J. 2004. "California Gnatcatcher (Polioptila calfornica)." California Partners in Flight Coastal Scrub and Chaparral Bird Conservation Plan. Accessed February 11, 2008. O'Leary, J.F. 1990. Post-Fire Diversity Patterns in Two Subassociations of California Coastal Sage Scrub. Journal of Vegetation Science 1:173-180. Preston, K.L., P.J. Mock, M.A. Grishaver, E.A. Bailey, and D.F. King. 1998. "California Gnatcatcher Territorial Behavior." Western Birds 29:242-257. Weaver, K.L. 1998. "Coastal Sage Scrub Variations of San Diego County and Their Influence on the Distribution' of the California Gnatcatcher." Western Birds 29:392-405. Westman, W.E. 1981. "Diversity Relations and Succession in Californian Coastal Sage Scrub." Ecology 62:439-455. S Westman, W.E. 1987. "Implications of Ecological Theory for Rare Plant Conservation in Coastal Sage Scrub." In Proceedings of the Conference on Conservation and Management of Rare and Endangered Plants, 13 3-140.. Sacramento, California: California Native Plant Society. r LI ) I ( DUDEK 7094-03 May 2012 • '5- Az vo.rns 4 test Ana Irvine El TorJ50 a', 00 Ste P. Hit PUMULM 39 lan ;••i;•. / N0r4 1w- All Giuww' an Ow —yo cci~4 N*% (Oceans:de j •4. '.eiier AP natao trip Estates Pacific 0 C e a fl Be Lakeside CE sa de - .._.-r.thbban Gr mon 'r iap pft4j \Chüia'' - jlr~ MEXICO 9 5 10 15 D U D E K FIGURE 1 Regional Map 7094-03 MAY 2012 The Crossing at Carlsbad -2012 California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I ?5'"CAGN 2012 Observed Use Areas "2 "• .. Gaff - I•, /' / —';, - A'gii N r' , / L IJ. 7 k • ( fl ,J f• ( .i' 'J •.'J:'. I. J CJ' 41 - - - ' s c I1j•Li ¶i 1: jP roject A - '' '.' •-1i'. S:.. , 320 t\ \\ A: ?1 -—J - - - . \\\"CARLSBAD, 1, A0 k 01 ir I- - • - Feet :' •\ \\° •. '- ' -, ' .ilsç; ! .;-/ ,.-I •: 1', •_ , SOURCE: USC'S 7.5 Minute Series San Luis Rey, FIGURE 2 D U D E < Vicinity Map 7094-03 MAY 2012 The Crossing at Carlsbad -2012 California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report Active/Passive Habitat Restoration Area Revegetation (Seeded and Irrigated) 2012 CAGN Observed Use Area- breeding (New in 2012) Pair 2 \ 12012 CAGN Observed Use Area- breeding 18 2012CAGN Observed Use Area- non-breeding Tee Fig re I Figure lair 7/ Figure 22 J Hole 10 Pair Hole 11 Pair\ 11 1161 1k1 1 Aurei/_Figure l7 Hole IL 20 Figur >' TeelO-Pair Figure 14 : : 1 Pair J - I Hole 18 Pair "---N \ Tee 5 Pair 'N. - Figure 26 7 Figure 8 Hole 17 - Pair Figure 24 Tee 11 Am ir j Figure 13 VIP Figure 2 air Hole 6 re 9 _ - - — — - TV Pair Tee 2 - Pair Figure 7 Figure 12 air A loc- Figure 5 Tee7 Pair \ \'\ Tee 8 Pair I- - -17 F 10 - $' Figure 11 - P4LO_;J( igure 500 f D U D E K SOURCE: DgitaIgIobe 2008 FIGURE 3 7094-03 Index Map- 2012 California Gnatcatcher Observed Use Areas The crossings at Carlsbad -2012 California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report 1 I I I I I I I I 1 1 I I I I I I I I ; /4 I <V I 9 L__ 5L... 1?, D U D E K SOURCE: DitalGobe 2008 7094-3 The Crossing at Carlsbad -2012 California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report I., Th' 1 ( ._í• ' .', c:•' ( / '\ \ (4 A ' 1z s .4 Nest CAGN pr + eggs I — '• 4117/12 I 5/2/12 b / \\ . ••J' ( . I'.. — I*• \ \ Nest CAGN Pair EIII 2012 CAGN Observed Use Area- Breeding 11112012 CAGN Observed Use Area- Non-breeding Municipal Golf Course Boundary Active/Passive Habitat Restoration Area - -t- - FIGURE 4 Tee I Pair Observed Use Area 7094-03 The Crossing at Carlsbad - 2012 California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report I / 1HJ71j/ Li N Y7/ III III . - -, - X J4 4 Nest CAGN Pair - Municipa Revegetation (Seeded and Irrigated) I Goll Course Boundary 2012 CAGN Observed Use Area- Breeding 0 50 100 I Restoration Area Li I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I 'I I71 C T .*5 I, I v ,' ---------------------- - / - -- - 000 16 Nest CAGN Pair 2012 CAGN Observed Use Area'- Breeding Municipal Golf Course I*II' "UI, 11 FIGURE 10 Tee 7 Pair Observed Use Area I I I 1 I I 1 I I I I I I I I I I I I Nest T\ CAGN Pair I 'riirat. 2012 CAGN Observed Use Area- Breeding 2012 CAGN Observed Use Area- Non-breeding Municipal Golf Course Boundary I " ' ' • - . Revegetation (Seeded and Irrigated) : ,.'It - / J Active/Passive Habitat Restoration Area b - •.s4-r - - / - _ '? Nest (failed) r- '• -'• ' 1 3/9/12 / k 4. - \ b ;I. C 0 50 100 - L.______L............ I Feet D U D E 1< SOURCE: DigitaiGlobe 2008 7094-03 The Crossing at Carlsbad -2012 California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report -- I- - I I I I I I I I I 'I I 1 I I I- - I I - _____(_•____ - : I--) JNest (fa iIed)3/8/12 -- ---- 0 Nest - 112:2AGNbservejea Use Area-n AG N Par les 2bserve eeding Boundary :::: L.......... .._. ?? -J A Habita DUDE K SOURCE: DitaIGbe2OO8 FIGURE 11 Tee 8 Pair Observed Use Area 7094-03 The Crossing at Carlsbad - 2012 California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report Nest + 3 nestlings 4/17/12 Pair + 3 fledglings 5/2/12 I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I I N t - ., \• \ / I I I I / 0 Nest 0 CAGN Pair - _______ _____ 2012 CAGN Observed Use Area- Breeding 2012 CAGN Observed Use Area- Non-breeding Municipal Golf Course Boundary Revegetation (Seeded and Irrigated) ~O 1000 ?.............._._.......I Feet Active/Passive Habitat Restoration Area D U D E K SOURCE: O,gIIa:GkDe 2008 FIGURE 13 Hole 9 Pair Observed Use Area 7094-03 The Crossing at Carlsbad -2012 California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report ~ -a 001 W 1: i % • .4: - i. :j' i • •). ••.• - ,•• - IL -" • ,• .••-.. - II I •._'•z•'. I - •.- - A. ' ' ••i& ..-•'-, I - - • 2012 CAGN Observed Use Area- Breeding 2012 CAGN Observed Use Area- Non-breeding Nest CAGN Pair Municipal Golf Course Boundary "II, I. I I I I I I I I I I I I I I- - I. I . I I f. "0 Nest 0 CAGN Pair 11=12012 CA Observed Use Area- Breeding 2012 CAGN Observed Use Area Non-breeding , Municipal Golf Course Boundary Revegetation (Seeded and Irrigated) Active/Passive Habitat Restoration Area - / I - ,- _____ : \ k 0 ° 50 100Feet DUDE K SOURCE: DitaIGobe20O8 FIGURE 15 Hole 10 Pair Observed Use Area 7094-03 The Crossing at Carlsbad - 2012 California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 1 . •,. / 1 5sfIefl I ' 3/21/12 - / 0 Nest 0 CAGN Pair - I I 2012 CAGN Observed Use Area- Breeding ,,-- [112012 CAGN Observed Use Area- Non-breeding ( --•-- Municipal Golf Course Boundary Revegetation (Seeded and Irrigated) ?............ .._. 1?°Feet AL J Active/Passive Habitat Restoration Area DUDE K SOURCE: DgitaIGIobe2OO8 FIGURE 16 Tee 11 Pair Observed Use Area 7094-03 The Crossing at Carlsbad -2012 California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - 0 Nest it Nest (failed) 2012 CAGN Observed Use Area- breeding (New in 2012) 4/12/12 2012 CAGN Observed Use Area- breeding 2012 CAGN Observed Use Area- non-breeding Municipal Golf Course Boundary VRevegetation (Seeded and Irrigated) Active/Passive Habitat Restoration Area — Nest (failed) 3/22/12 t; :iL: : .. 17 V\ \\ A 1 ' - ••( 75 150 eet d DUDE K SOURCE: DigitalGiobe 2008 FIGURE 18 Hole 12 Pair Observed Use Area (New in 2012) The Crossing at Carlsbad - 2012 California Griatcatcher Monitoring Report I I I I I I I I I I I I I P I I I Li I - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - II: /Nest A. JY f 5/11/12 - -c--- -- - - 40 2012 CAGN Breeding W;mQ 'Irv, :::: :: 2:: Non-breeding Municipal Golf Course Boundary . Revegetation (Seeded and Irrigated) 47 AL EJ Active/Passive Habitat Restoration Area 0 75 150 --. D U D E K SOURCE: DigitalGtobe 2008 FIGURE 21 Hole 14 Pair Observed Use Area 7AQA fl The Crossing at Carlsbad - 2012 California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report Nest (failed) 3/22/12 Nest CAGN Pair - 2012 CAGN Observed Use Area- Breeding 2012 CAGN Observed Use Area- Non-breeding Municipal Golf Course Boundary Revegetation (Seeded and Irrigated) J Active/Passive Habitat Restoration Area - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - II,I CL SL r : - low I -- a p r - -- - - -- - / 9 0 75 150 ---------- I Feet D Li D E K I SOURCE: DigitalGiobe 2008 - FIGURE 22 Hole 15 Pair Observed Use Area 7094-03 The Crossing at Carlsbad -2012 California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report d 4, - - - - - mm mm - - mm - - - - - - :• _ _ I I • . - I I41tv y 0 Nest 0 CAGN Pair I I 2012 CAGN Observed Use Area- Breeding I . I 12012 CAGN Observed Use Area- Non-breeding - —— Municipal Golf Course Boundary V V Revegetation (Seeded and Irrigated) 1 ........ 0 50 100 _.I Feet Active/Passive Habitat Restoration Area D U D E K SOURCE: DiiaIGbe 2008 V FIGURE 24 I Hole 17 Pair Observed Use Area 704.03 V V The Crossing at Carlsbad -2012 California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report I / Nest (failed) - 4112112 ri- 7 0 50 100, SOURCE: D:gitalGlobe 2008 D U D E I( 7094-03 The Crossing at Carlsbad - 2012 California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report / 0 Nest o CAGN Pair I 12012 CAGN Observed Use Area- Breeding 2012 CAGN Observed Use Area- Non-breeding Municipal Golf Course Boundary Revegetation (Seeded and Irrigated) Active/Passive Habitat Restoration Area FIGURE 25 Tee 18 Pair Observed Use Area - - - - - - - - - - - - -, - - - - - - (4VIh43!f Nest (failed) 3/20/12 NIV 0 Nest " •1 _ - 0 CAGN Pair II in 2012) - •-,' ----• Municipal Golf Course Boundary 90 65 30 Ij ( Feet :::::: Restorationrea D U D E K SOURCE: DgitaIGiobe 2008 FIGURE 26 Hole 18 Pair Observed Use Area (New in 2012) 7094-03 The Crossing at Carlsbad -2012 California Gnatcatcher Monitoring Report L / I U I . -c -U m -. - z D I'.' I I I I I I :, -T -- -: --: - I i- --H:.• .- I I - :--.' - I - APPENDIX A List of Wildlife Species I I Observed or Detected at the Project Site / I I. I I I I I I I. I I I I I I I I. APPENDIX A List of Wildlife Species Observed or Detected at the Project Site WILDLIFE SPECIES - VERTEBRATES AMPHIBIANS HYLIDAE - TREEFROGS Hyla regilla - Pacific treefrog REPTILES IGUANIDAE— IGUANID LIZARDS Sceloporus occidentalis - western fence lizard TEIIDAE— WHIPTAIL LIZARDS Cnemidophorus tigris - western whiptail VIPERll)AE— VIPERS Crotalus viridis - western rattlesnake ARDEIDAE— HERONS Ardea herodias - great blue heron Egretta thu/a - snowy egret ANA TIDAE— WATERFOWL Anasplalyrhynchos - mallard CATHARTIDAE—NEW WORLD VULTURES. Cathartes aura - turkey vulture ACCIPITRJDAE— HAWKS Accipiter cooperii - Cooper's hawk Buteojamaicensis - red-tailed hawk PHASL4JWAE— PHEASANTS AND QUAILS Callipepla calfornica - California quail RALLIDAE- RAILS AND GALLINUILES Fulica americana - American coot I I DUDEK A-i 7094-03 May 2012 Appendix A (Continued) I CHARADR!IDAE— PLOVERS Charadrius vocferus - killdeer LARJDAE— GULLS AND TERNS Larussp. — gull COLUMBIDAE— PIGEONS AND DOVES * Columba livia - rock dove Zenaida macroura - mourning dove CUCULII)AE— CUCKOOS AND ROADRUNNERS Geococcyx cal jfornianus - greater roadrunner APODIDAE— SWIFTS Aeronautes saxatalis - white-throated swift TROCHILIDAE— HUMMINGBIRDS Calypte anna - Anna's hummingbird Calypte costae - Costa's hummingbird FICIDAE— WOODPECKERS Colaptes auratus - northern flicker Picoides nuttallii - Nuttall's woodpecker TYRANNIDAE - TYRANT FLYCATCHERS Myiarchus cinerascens - ash-throated flycatcher Sayornis nigricans - black phoebe Sayornis.saya - Say's phoebe Tyrannus vocferans - Cassin's kingbird Tyrannus verticalis - western kingbird HIRUNDINIDAE— SWALLOWS Petrochelidon pyrrhonota - cliff swallow Stelgidopteryx serripennis - northern rough-winged swallow COR VIDAE JAYS AND CROWS Aphelocoma calfornica - western scrub-jay Corvus bráchyrhynchos - American crow Corvus corax - common raven • DUDEK r A-2 7094-03 May 2012 I I I I I 1 1 I I . I I I I I I' I I I I Appendix A (Continued) AEGITHALIDAE— BUSHTITS Psaltriparus minimus - bushtit TROGLODYTIDAE— WRENS Thryomanes bewickii - Bewick's wren REGULIDAE— KINGLETS Regulus calendula - ruby-crowned kinglet SYL VImAF— GNATCATCHERS Polioptila calfornica - California gnatcatcher TIMALHDAE— LAUGHINGTHRUSH AND WRENTIT Chamaeafasciata - wrentit MIMIDAE— THRASHERS Mimuspolyglottos - northern mockingbird Toxostoma redivivum - California thrasher STURNIDAE— STARLINGS * Sturnus vulgaris - European starling VIREONIDAE— VIREOS Vireo bellii - Bell's vireo PARULIDAE— WOOD WARBLERS Geothlypis trichas - common yellowthroat EMBERJZIDAE— BUNTINGS AND SPARROWS Melospiza melodia - song sparrow Pipilo crissalis - California towhee Pipilo maculatus - spotted towhee Zonotrichia leucophrys L white-crowned sparrow CARJ)INALIDAE- CARDINALS AND GROSBEAKS Passerina caerulea - blue grosbeak ICTERJDAE— BLACKBIRDS AND ORIOLES Agelaius phoeniceus - red-winged blackbird Euphagus cyanocephalus - Brewer's blackbird Molothrus ater brown-headed cowbird DUDEK A-3 7094-03 May 2012 Appendix A (Continued) FRJNGILLIDAE— FINCHES Carpodacus mexicanus - house finch Carduelispsaltria - lesser goldfinch PASSERJDAE— OLD WORLD SPARROWS * Passer domesticus - house sparrow MAMMALS LEPORll)AE- HARES AND RABBITS Sylvilagus bachrnani - brush rabbit SCIURIDAE— SQUIRRELS Spermophilus beecheyi - California ground squirrel GEOMYIDAE— POCKET GOPHERS Thomomys bottae - Botta's pocket gopher MIJRJDAE— RATS AND MICE Neotoma lepida - desert woodrat CANIDAE— WOLVES AND FOXES Canis latrans - coyote PROCYONIDAE— RACCOONS AND RELATIVES Procyon lotor - common raccoon MUSTELIDAE— WEASELS, SKUNKS, AND OTTERS Mephitis. mephitis - striped skunk Mustelafrenata - long-tailed weasel FELmAE— CATS Lynx rufus - bobcat A-4 7094-03 May 2012 Appendix A (Continued) WILDLIFE SPECIES - INVERTEBRATES BUTTERFLIES AND MOTHS HESPERJIDAE - SKIPPERS Erynnisfuneralis - funereal duskywing PAPILION!DAE— SWALLOWTAILS - Papilio rutulus - tiger swallowtail Papilo zelicaon lucas - anise swallowtail PIERIDAE— WHITES AND SULFURS Pieris rapae rapae - cabbage butterfly Pontiaprolodice - checkered white Colias Eurydice - California dogface RIODINIDAE— METALMARKS Apodemia mormo virgulti - Behr's metalmark LYCAENIDAE— BLUES, HAIRSTREAKS, AND COPPERS Icaria acmon acmon - acmon blue Leptotes marina - marine blue NYMPHALIDAE— BRUSH-FOOTED BUTTERFLIES Danaus plexippus - monarch Junonia coenia - buckeye Vanessa cardui - painted lady * signifies introduced (non-native) species 7094-03 May 2012 Appendix A (Continued) I .1 I I I 1 - INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK I H I 7094-03 I - • - I. --I' - * • • I - • I 1 DUDE K - A6. May 2012 - I • '• • - I