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HomeMy WebLinkAboutCT 73-29; Carrillo Estates; Soils Report; 1981-05-05GEOLOGIC INVESTIGATION UPDATE SOIL AND CARRILLO ESTATES, CARLSBAD, Prepared For 11300 Sorrento Valley Road Ponderosa Homes, Inc. San Diego, California 92121 BLOC -CT 73-27 I' *i San Diego. Cal~lorn~a 92110 ?A67 KurtzSlreel 714-224-2911 .. Telex 697-841 May 5, 1981 Project No. 51142W-UDO1 WoodwardlClyde Consultants Ponderosa Homes, Inc. 11300 Sorrento Valley Road San Diego, California 92121 Attention: Mr. Ken Cook UPDATE SOIL AND GEOLOGIC INVESTIGATION CARRILLO ESTATES, UNIT 2 CARLSBAD. CALIFORNIA Gentlemen: We are pleased to present the results of our update soil and geological investigation for the subject site. This study was performed in accordance with our agreement dated May 1, 1981. This report presents our conclusions and recommendations per- taining to the project as well as the results of our field investigation. If you should have any questions concerning this report, please give us a call. Very truly yours, WOODWARD-CLYDE CONSULTANTS Robert J. Dowlen C.E.G. 1011 RJD/RPW/RJD/mm Attachments (4) Ponderosa Homes, Inc. (4) Rick Engineering Company Richard P. While R.E. 21992 Consulllng Engineers. Geoloq~sts and Environmental Scientists OHtceS In Other Prlnclpal Ci1:es Project No. 511 4-UDO1 ", ' f il c t 1, I TABLE-OF CONTENTS . d odward-Clyde Consultants PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION BACKGROUND INFORMATION AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION FIELD AND LABORATORY INVESTIGATION SITE, SOIL AND GEOLOGIC CONDITIONS Geologic Setting Site Conditions Subsurface Conditions Structure and Faulting Landslides Ground Water DISCUSSIONS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS Potential Geologic Hazards Faulting and Ground Breakage Liquefaction Landslides RISK AND OTHER CONSIDERATIONS FIGURE 1 - SITE PLAN AND GEOLOGIC MAP APPENDIX A - FIELD INVESTIGATION Page 1 2 3 3 3 3 4 4 4 5 5 5 5 5 6 6 6 6 6 7 7 7 8 10 11 13 13 A-1 ii Project No. 51 1 I, 3, I k.) d adward-Clyde Consultants TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) TABLE A-1 - SUMMARY OF ENGINEERING SEISMOGRAPH TRAVERSES FIGURE A-1 - KEY TO LOGS FIGURES A-2 THROUGH A-4 - LOGS OF TEST BORINGS APPENDIX B - SOIL INVESTIGATION FOR THE PROPOSED CARILLO ESTATES, CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA SEPTEMBER 6, 1973, PROJECT NO. 73-203 APPENDIX C - SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS APPENDIX D - SPECIFICATIONS FOR CONTROLLED FILL APPENDIX E - OVERSIZE ROCK PLACEMENT AREAS Page c-1 D-1 E-1 iii 6 Jdward-Clyde Consultants UPDATE SOIL AND GEOLOGIC INVESTIGATION CARRILLO ESTATES, UNIT 2 CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA This report presents the results of our update soil and geological investigation for the proposed Carrillo Estates Unit 2 residential subdivision. The site encompasses a pre- viously graded site extending westerly from the intersection of Flamenco Street and La Golondrina Street in the City of Carlsbad, California (Fig. 1). The property is bordered on the south and east by the previously developed Carrillo Estates, Unit 1 subdivision. PURPOSE OF INVESTIGATION The purpose of our investigation is to assist Ponderosa Homes, Inc., and their consultants in further development of the site. Our report includes conclusions and recommendations regarding: 0 Existing (current) surface soil conditions, 0 Potential geologic hazards, 0 General extent of existing fill soils, 0 Conditions of areas to receive fill, 0 Characteristics of proposed fill material, 0 Presence and effect of expansive soils, 0 Stability of proposed cut and fill slopes, 0 Grading and earthwork specifications, 0 Allowable soil bearing pressures, and Types and depth of foundations. 0 I Project No. 511. c .d-UDOl I? I. i. The investigation also consisted of evaluating the rip- pability characteristics of the rock material in probable cut areas. BACKGROUND INFORMATION AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION For our study we have discussed the proposed project with Mr. Ken Cook of Ponderosa Homes, Inc., and Mr. Mick Ratican of Rick Engineering Company and we have been provided with undated preliminary grading plans entitled "Carlsbad Tract No. 73-29 (Carrillo Estates) Unit No. 2," prepared by Rick Engineering Company (scale 1" = 30' ) . In addition, we have reviewed the following reports and photographs: 0 "Soil Investigation for the Proposed Carrillo Estates, Carlsbad, California, prepared by Woodward-Gizenski & Associates, dated September 6, 1973. 0 by Cartwright Aerial Surveys for USDA, 1964. Stereographic aerial photographs, AXN Series, flown We understand that the proposed project will include grading the site into approximately 111 lots with connecting roadways. In addition, a northwesterly extension of El Fuerte Street is proposed in the canyon along the northern boundary (Fig. 1). We understand that the proposed construction will be limited to one- and two-story, wood frame and stucco resi- dential structures, supported on continuous footings and having concrete slab-on-grade floors. The grading plans indicate that within the subdivision proper, proposed cut and composite cut/fill slopes will have maximum inclinations of 1-1/2 to 1 (horizontal to vertical) and have heights of up to 15 feet. Also, cut and fill slopes 2 with maximum inclinations of 2 to 1 and maximum heights of approximately 40 and 120 feet respectively, are proposed. Cut slopes proposed along the El Fuerte Street alignment will have maximum inclinations of 2 to 1 to heights of up to 65 feet. FIELD AND LABORATORY INVESTIGATION Our field investigation was conducted between Mary 3 and April 16, 1981 and included making a visual reconnaissance of existing surface conditions, drilling two bucket auger borings and obtaining representative soil samples. Two shallow refraction seismic traverses were also made in a suspected rock cut. The borings were drilled to depths of 70 feet and 38 feet, and the seismic traverses were 100 feet in length The locations of the test explorations and seismic traverses are shown on Fig. 1. A Key to Logs is presented in Appendix A as Fig. A-1. Simplified logs of the test borings are presented in Appen- dix A as Figs. A-2 through A-4. The descriptions on the logs are based on field logs and on sample inspection. The results and interpretation of the seismic traverses are presented on Table A-1. Laboratory test data, including fill suitability test results, are given in the aforementioned report which is attached as Appendix B. SITE, SOIL AND GEOLOGIC CONDITIONS Geologic Setting The site is in an area characterized by erosional rem- nants of Tertiary age sedimentary deposits lying on an older, irregular surface of Jurassic age metavolcanic rock. Site Conditions The site is located on a generally northwesterly trending ridge, whose upper surface was significantly lowered by pre- vious grading operations in the southern and central parts. 3 Project No. 511.. ( -d-UDOl It 'I " , k.:odward-Clyde Consultants This grading has produced a generally flattened area, with cut slopes ranging in inclination from 1-1/2 to 1 to 5 to 1 with heights of up to approximately 26 feet. The area has subse- quently been used extensively as a dumping area for oversize rock, construction debris and end-dumped fill soils. Vegetation ranges from a sparse growth of weeds in the disturbed section to dense chaparral on the natural hillsides. A concrete storm drain is present along the La Golondrina Street easement from Unit 1. This drain turns northward between Lots 144 and 145 and empties into the canyon. Subsurface Conditions The site is underlain by both compacted and undocumented fill soils, surficial topsoils, Quaternary age alluvium, the Eocene age Delmar Formation and the Jurassic age Santiago Peak Volcanics. These units are described below; their areal extent, with the exception of the undocumented fill soils and the surficial topsoils, are approximately shown on Fig. 1. The geologic map symbol for each unit is given after the formal name for the unit. Undocumented Fill (unmapped) - Undocumented fill soils, consisting of variable soil types, cover much of the eastern half of the site. These soils are mixed with variable amounts of oversize rock, concrete, and asphalt. Most of the fill remains piled in 2- to 4-foot high mounds although it has been leveled in areas along the alignment of La Golondrina Street. Compacted Fill (Qaf) - Fill soils were placed and com- pacted on the site in conjunction with the grading of Carrillo Estates, Unit 1 in March through July of 1977. Placement of these soils was observed by personnel from our firm and com- paction tests were taken. The data pertaining to this fill are on file and will be included with the final report of grading and compaction testing for the site. 4 - , Project No. 511 c . ,i-UDOl 1, ., Jdward-Clyde Consultants Topsoils (unmapped) - A topsoil layer, composed of porous silty sand to silty clay, is present on the natural hillside on the site. We estimate these soils to range from 1 to 3 feet in thickness. Alluvium (Qal) - Alluvial deposits are confined to the natural drainage channels in the "open space" areas of the site, and along the proposed extension of El Fuerte Street. The alluvial materials consist generally of silty to clayey sands with varying amounts of gravels. It is estimated that these deposits are on the order of 10 feet in maximum thickness. Delmar Formation (Td) - The area of the lots to be devel- oped is entirely underlain by dense silty to clayey sands of the Delmar Formation. Zones of very cemented sand layers are randomly present within the formation that may be encountered during grading. These cemented layers were observed to be up to approximately 3 feet in thickness. A review of the previous and present test boring data indicate that the claystone portion of the Delmar Formation, which underlies the landslide-prone hillsides along the northern boundary, are located below approximately 310 feet in elevation. Santiago Peak Volcanics (JSP~ - Very dense, highly frac- tured, irregularly weathered metavolcanic rock of the Santiago Peak Volcanics is present in the northeastern portion of the site along the El Fuerte Street easement. Structure and Faulting In general, the Tertiary age sediments in the study area are essentially horizontally stratified or dip very slightly to the south and west (usually less than 4 degrees). During our site reconnaissance, no faults or indications of faults were observed. No faults are mapped on the site. 5 C'Jdward-Clyde Consultants Landslides Our previous study indicated the presence of several ancient landslides on the flanks of the canyon along the northern property line. Subsurface exploration indicates that these landslides are both shallow and deep-seated in nature. No indication of landsliding was found to be present within the subdivision boundary of the lots to be developed. Ground Water No ground water seeps, springs, or abnormally wet areas were observed during our visual reconnaissance or in the test excavations. Surface waters, from storm drains of the adja- cent subdivision, flow intermittently in the canyon along the El Fuerte Street easement. DISCUSSIONS, CONCLUSIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS The discussions, conclusions, and recommendations pre- sented in this report are based on the results of our field and laboratory studies, analyses, and professional judgment. Potential Geologic Hazards Faulting and Ground Breakage - Our reconnaissance, lit- erature review, and subsurface explorations did not reveal the presence of any faulting on the site. The nearest known active fault along which earthquakes of magnitude 4 or greater have occurred is in the Elsinore Fault zone, mapped some 22 miles northeast of the site. The closest significant faulting is the northern exten- sion of the Rose Canyon Fault zone, which is mapped offshore approximately 9 miles southwest of the site. No magnitude 4 or larger earthquakes have been recorded on the Rose Canyon Fault zone. 6 .- G Project No. 51 1. { odward-Clyde Consultants Liquefaction - The formational soils on the site are dense to very dense, and there is no apparent permanent ground water table within expected grading limits. In our opinion, the formational soils do not have a potential for liquefac- tion. The loose alluvial soils have a potential for liquefac- tion in a saturated state. In our opinion, this potential can be substantially reduced by over-excavation and recompaction as recommended under "Grading. 'I Landslides - Ancient landslides are present along the flanks of the canyon to the north of the site. Significant portions of these landslide masses extend onto the northern areas of the site, but appear to remain topographically below and removed from any proposed lot areas on the subdivision. However, we recommend that keys made for the proposed side- hill fill slopes be inspected by an engineering geologist from our firm prior to placing fill in these areas to verify actual subsurface conditions. If landslide materials are found to extend within the areas of proposed development, it will be necessary to remove them down to competent formational soils prior to construction of fill slopes. Grading plans indicate that the El Fuerte Street exten- sion will traverse portions of the landslide masses along the bottom of the canyon to the north of the site. Proposed grading in this area will generally involve filling of the canyon, which in our opinion, will tend to increase the fac- tors of safety in the toe area of the landslide masses. No evidence of recent slope failure were observed in the land- slide masses. Ground Water We do not expect that a shallow permanent ground water table is present within the proposed grading limits. Our field investigation did not reveal any ground water seeps, springs, or abnormally wet areas. ( odward-Clyde Consultants We recommend that positive measures be taken to properly finish grade each lot after the residential structures and other improvements are in place, so that drainage waters from the lots and adjacent properties are directed off the lots and away from house foundations, floor slabs, and slopes. Even with these provisions, experience has shown that a shallow ground water or surface water condition can and may develop in areas where no such water condition existed prior to site development; this is particularly true in years of heavy rain- fall and in residential subdivisions where a substantial increase in surface water infiltration results from landscape irrigation. General Soil and Excavation Characteristics In our opinion, the fill and natural surficial soils on the site can be excavated with light to moderate effort with heavy-duty grading equipment. Excavation of the Delmar Forma- tion may require moderate to heavy ripping; excavation of localized cemented zones in the Delmar Formation may require heavier ripping, and may result in the generation of oversize material. Soils suitable for use at finish grade are present in the Delmar Formation; however, clayey strata were present in the recent test borings and have previously been identified in borings. The clay portions of the formational soils are estimated to be moderately to highly expansive and unsuitable for use at finish grade. The excavation of the Santiago Peak Volcanics along El Fuerte Street between approximately Station 125 and Sta- tion 132 will generally depend on the type of material, the degree of weathering and decomposition, and the spacing and orientation of the fractures. For this investigation, we have used engineering seismograph traverses to aid in evaluating the rippability characteristics of the hard rock. 8 - 1 , Project NO. I, d Jdward-Clyde Consultants Excavations made in similar formational materials in other areas of San Diego County indicate that the results of seismic traverses can generally be correlated in relation to rippability with a D-9 caterpillar tractor with single shank ripper as follows: Apparent Seismic Velocity (fps) (4,500 4,500 to 5,500 >5,500 Estimated Rippability Materials can generally be ripped with conventional heavy-duty equipment; how- ever, rocks exhibiting velocities as low as 4,000 fps are sometimes very hard on blasted rock with these velocities and equipment, and some contractors have have found it desirable to preblast prior to excavation. Material within this range appear to be marginally rippable; the success of the excavation operation often depends on equipment performance and operator tech- nique. Materials normally require blasting prior to excavation. Based on the results of our seismic traverses, we inter- pret that nonrippable conditions may be encountered along the alignment at a vertical depth of approximately 10 feet below existing grade. For budgeting purposes, we estimate that approximately 4,000 cubic yards of blasting will be required. In addition, blasting is also expected for utility trenches along El Fuerte Street excavated to depths greater than on the order of 5 feet into the metavolcanic material. Throughout the alignment, local exceptions such as hard dikes, sills, large boulders or other zones that have resisted chemical and physical disintegration, may require blasting to facilitate grading. 9 - , , Project No. 51( IW-UDO~ I/ { ~ odwardClyde Consultants Slope Stability We have performed stability analyses for the proposed slopes using the Janbu method of analysis for deep-seated stability. Strength parameters are based on those used for the Carrillo Estates Unit 1 soil investigation, our work with similar formations in nearby areas, and our professional judg- ment. The soil parameters used are: B C' Y Undisturbed Materials 35 500 psf 125 pcf (Del Mar Formation) Compacted Soil 30 450 psf 125 pcf The results of those analyses indicate that the proposed cut and fill slopes within the Delmar Formation have calcu- lated factors of safety against deep-seated slope failure in excess of 1.5 for static conditions. Stability analyses require using parameters selected from a range of possible values. There is a finite possibility that slopes having cal- culated factors of safety, as indicated, could become unstable. In our opinion, the probability of slopes becoming unstable is low, and it is our professional judgment that the proposed slopes can be constructed as proposed. Slope stabil- ity calculations are attached (Appendix C). We recommend that all slopes be properly constructed in accordance with the project plans and specifications, and that all slopes be drained, planted, and maintained to help control erosion and surface sloughing. Our experience indicates that slopes constructed at in- clinations steeper than 2 to 1 are particularly susceptible to 10 , Project No. 51i ' W-UDO1 C~ - ,I (- jdward-Clyde Consultants surficial sloughing in periods of rainfall, heavy irrigation, or upslope surface runoff. Periodic slope maintenance, in- cluding rebuilding the outer 18 to 36 inches, may be required. Sloughing of fill slopes can be reduced by overbuilding the slopes by at least 3 feet and cutting back to the desired slope. We recommend that the proposed fill slopes be backrolled at maximum &foot fill height intervals: 1-1/2 to 1 fill slopes should be overbuilt 3 feet and cut back to desired slope; 2 to 1 fill slopes should be trackwalked upon completion. No specific analyses of cut slopes in the metavolcanic rock was done. It has been our experience that cut slopes in such materials typically have low probabilities of deep-seated failure, and the stability of such slopes is dependent upon the orientation and spacing of fractures. We recommend that an engineering geologist from our firm inspect all cut slopes during grading to verify actual geo- logic conditions and to provide design modifications, if needed. If adverse conditions, such as clay seams or ground water seepage, are encountered during inspection, slope but- tressing may be required. Buttress recommendations will be given during grading, if necessary. Grading We recommend that all earthwork be done in accordance what the attached Specifications for Controlled Fill (Appen- dix D). Woodward-Clyde Consultants should observe the grading and test compacted fills. We recommend that a pre-construction conference be held at the site with the developer, civil engineer, contractor, and geotechnical engineer in attendance. Special soil handling and the grading plans can be discussed at that time. 11 Project No. 51( .W-UDO1 - I/ .. ( Jdward-Clyde Consultants We recommend that the undocumented fill soils on the site be excavated and have any oversize and deleterious materials extracted prior to their use as recompacted fill. We recom- mend that all trash, construction debris, and waste materials be removed from the site before grading. We recommend that oversize materials (between 2 and 4 feet) be placed in accor- dance with the attached Oversize Rock Placement Areas (Appen- dix E). We recommend that no rock fragments larger than 4 feet in size be used in fills. We recommend that all porous topsoils, alluvium, and other loose soils not removed by planned grading be excavated or scarified as required, watered, and then recompacted prior to placing any additional fill. We recommend that the soil engineer evaluate the actual depth and extent of excavation in the field at the time of grading. Highly expansive clayey soils could be encountered at grade in areas of shallow cuts and fills (daylight areas), or in deeper cuts. We recommend that these clayey soils be exca- vated, where encountered, over the entire level lot area to a minimum of 2 feet below finish grade, and then be replaced with properly compacted, nonexpansive soils or slightly expan- sive soils available on the site. The more clayey soils can be placed and properly compacted in the deeper fill areas. We recommend that the upper 2 feet of materials in the fill areas be composed of finish grade, granular soils. Finish grade soils are defined as granular soils that have a potential swell of less than 6 percent when recompacted to 90 percent of maximum laboratory density at optimum moisture content, placed under an axial load of 160 psf, and soaked in water. We recommend slightly to moderately expansive soils, that is, soils swelling between 3 and 6 percent, be compacted at 12 < Jdward-Clyde Consultants moisture contents of 3 to 5 percent over optimum water content when they are used within 2 feet of finish grade. Foundations We recommend that foundations for structures founded in natural or properly compacted, finish grade soils be designed for an allowable soil bearing pressure of 2,000 psf (dead plus live load). In our opinion, this bearing pressure can be increased by up to one-third for transient loads caused by wind or seismic forces. For these bearing pressures, we rec- ommend that all footings be founded a minimum of 12 inches below compacted fill or undisturbed cut lot grade, be a mini- mum of 12 inches wide, and be founded a minimum horizontal distance of 8 feet from slope faces. We recommend that foundations founded in slightly expan- sive material (3 to 6 percent swell) be reinforced top and bottom with at least one No. 4 steel bar, and that the con- crete slabs-on-grade be a minimum 4 inches thick and be under- lain by 4 inches of coarse, clean sand and reinforced hy 6 x 6, 10/10 welded wire mesh. A plastic membrane should also be provided under slabs. RISK AND OTHER CONSIDERATIONS We have observed only a small portion of the pertinent soil and ground water conditions. The recommendations made herein are based on the asssumption that rock and soil condi- tions do not deviate appreciably from those found during our field investigation. If the plans for site development are changed, or if variations or undesirable geotechnical condi- tions are encountered during construction, the geotechnical consultant should be consulted for further recommendations. We recommend that the geotechnical consultant review the foundation and grading plans to verify that the intent of the 13 Project No. 511 .W-UDOl - ,I ', ( Jdward-Clyde Consultants recommendations presented herein has been properly interpreted and incorporated into the contract documents. We further rec- ommend that the geotechnical consultant observe the site grading, subgrade preparation under concrete slabs and paved areas, and foundation excavations. It should also be understood that California, including San Diego, is an area of high seismic risk. It is generally considered economically unfeasible to build totally earthquake-resistant structures; therefore, it is possible that a large or nearby earthquake could cause damage at the site. Professional judgments presented herein are based partly on our evaluations of the technical information gathered, partly on our understanding of the proposed construction, and partly on our general experience in the geotechnical field. Our engineering work and judgments rendered meet current pro- fessional standards. We do not guarantee the performance of the project in any respect. This firm does not practice or consult in the field of safety engineering. We do not direct the contractor's opera- tions, and we cannot be responsible for the safety of other than our own personnel on the site; therefore, the safety of others is the responsibility of the contractor. The contrac- tor should notify the owner if he considers any of the recom- mended actions presented herein to be unsafe. 14 Subdivision LEGEND: Unicornio Street + Indicates approximate location of Test Eoring. Indicates approxinate location of Seismic Traverse. Indicates approximate location of existing ground surface contour. ltidicates approximate limits of existing Carrillo Estates Unit 1. Indicates approximate limits of existing landslide. Indicates approximate limits of existing fill slope. Indicates approximate limits of compacted fill. Indicates approximate limits of Alluvium. Indicates approxinate limits of Delmar Formation. Indicates approximate limits of Santiago Peak Volcanics. SITE PLAN AND GEOLOGIC MAP CARRILLO ESTATES UNIT 2 Dn*)*NnV: mrk I CHLCKEDBY:$& 1 PRWECTNO 51142\f/-UD01 1 DATE: 4-24-81 FIGURE m): 1 " WOOOWARO-CLYOE CONSULTANTS d,dward.Clyde Consultants APPENDIX A FIELD INVESTIGATION For our current investigation, two exploratory borings were drilled at the approximate locations shown on Fig. 1. The test excavations were made with a truck-mounted, 30-inch diameter bucket auger, and down-hole logged by an engineering geologist from our firm. Representative samples of the sub- surface materials were obtained from the test explorations. The seismic traverses were performed with a Nimbus ES-125 Sig- nal Enhancement Seismograph. The locations of the test borings and seismic traverses were estimated from aforementioned grading plans prepared by Rick Engineering Company. A- 1 - I , Project No. 51 3, d ddward-Clyde Consultants TABLE A-1 SUMMARY OF ENGINEERING SEISMOGRAPH TRAVERSES Traverse Number Velocity Depth Interpretation (ft/sec) (feet) of Rippability s-1 s-2 1,290 0 - 12 5,100 Rippable 1,200 6,000 12+ Marginally rippable 0- 9 Rippable 9+ Nonrippable c 1 1 12 110 Location DEPTH TEST OA Boring Number Elevation ITHER SAMPLE Em NUMBER SOIL DESCRIPTION 21 i L WATER LEVEL A SOIL CLASSIFICATION At time of drilling or as indicated. Soil Classifications are baed on the Unified Sail Clauiliation System and induds mlor. mowwe and EomistenLy. Field deVriPtlonr have kn modified to reflect results of laboratw analyscs where wproprste. 2 DISTURBED SAMPLE LOCATION Obtamed by collecting the auger cuttings in a plastic or do* bag. DRIVE SAMPLE LOCATION MODIFIED CALIFORNIA SAMPLER Sample With recorded blows per foot was obtained with a Modified California drive ramnlar 12” inside diamter. 2.5 outside diamterl INDICATESSAMPLE TESTED FOR OTHER PROPERTIES GS- Gram Size Dirtr~but!on CT - Conrol~datton T-1 LC - Laboratory Compaction UCS - Unconfined Compression Test ST - Loaded Swell Test PI - Atletberg Lmitr Test DS - Direct Shear Test CC-Confmed Compression ‘R’- value TX- Trmr~al Compression Tell NOTE: In thll column the re~lts of rhea test1 may bs recorded Test SDS - Slaw Direct Shear Test TBII where appltcabh. BLOW COUNT DRY DENSITY MOISTURE CONTENT Pounds per Cub$= Foot Number of blows needed 10 advance sampler one foot or as mdlcated. Percent 01 Dry Weqht KEY TO LOGS CARRILM ESTATES UNIT 2 DRAWN BY: mrk 1 MECKED BY:$^ 1 PROJECT No: 51142W-UDO1 1 DATE: 4-24-81 I FIGURE NO: A-1 WOODWARD-CLYDE CONSULTANTS 7; 'For descriptmn of symbols. see Figure A-1 I MG OF TEST BORING 1 CARRILLO ESTATES UNIT 2 WOODWARD-CLYDE CONSULTANTS ji+ DEPTH , 50 45r 65 70 75 3 c' Boring 1 (Continued) SOIL DESCRIPTION I Dense to very dense, damp, light yellow brown silty fine sand (SM) DELMAR FORMATION Hard, damp, light gray silty claystone (cL) DELMAR FORMATION Dense, damp, red brown silty sand (SM) DELMAR FORMATION \ Hard, damp, gray silty claystone (CL) DELMAR FORMATION L" - gradational contact - - - - Hard, damp, gray, very fine clayey to sandy siltstone (MI,) DELMAR FORMATION Cemented zone Hard, damp, gray silty to sandy clay (CL) DELMAR FORMATION Very dense, damp, light gray silty fine sand (SM) DELMAR FORMATION Near horizontal bedding at 58' \ Dense. moist, red to yellow, silty sand (SM) DELMAR FORMATION Dense, damp, light gray silty fine sand (SM) DELMAR FORMATION Bottolr of Hole 'For description of symbolr. SI). Figrre A-1 LOG OF TEST BORING 1 (Cont'd) CARRILLO ESTATES UNIT 2 DRAWNEV mrk I CHECKEDEY:@ I PRWECTNO: 511421.1-UW1 I DATE 4-24-81 I flGURENO:A-3 WOODWARD-CLYD€ CONSULTANTS Boring 2 DELMAR FORMATION Cemented concretion Cemented concretion Near horizontal bedding 'For darCriDtian of symbols. see Figure A-1 I LOG OF TEST BORING 2 1 I CARRILM ESTATES UNIT 2 I DRAWNEV mrk 1 CHECKEDBV#(j I PROJECTNO:51142W-UDOl I DATE: 4-24-81 I FIGURE NO:A-4 WOODWARO-CLYDE CONSULTANTS 3. 1, Project No. .' / Us, Jward-Clyde Consultants APPENDIX B SOIL INVESTIGATION FOR THE PROPOSED CARILLO ESTATES CARLSBAD. CALIFORNIA September 6, 1973 Project No. 73-203 7.' ~ 8, b . . Project NO. 51 I 42W-LID01 <' . SOIL INVESTIGATLON FOR THE PROPOSED .. CAR'ILLO' ESTATES .. .. CAKLSBAD, CALIFORXl'A PONDEROSA HONES 2082 Business Center Drive Irvine, California 92664 .Suite 100 WOOO!lARD-GIZIENSKI & ASSOCIATES Consulting Soil and Foundation Engineers and Geologists (An Affiliate of Woodward-Clyde Consultants) .*I I' L : . Project No. TABLE OF CONTENTS LElTER OF TRANSMITTAL SCOPE FIELD INVESTIGATION LABOPATDRY TESTS SITE, GEOLOGIC AND SOIL CONDITIONS CONCLUSIONS AND RECON4ENDATIONS LIMITATIONS TABLE I .- SUMMARY OF SEISMIC TRAVERSES FIGURE 1 - SITE PLAN FIGURES 2 THROUGH 12 - LOGS OF TEST BORINGS Page 1 2 3 3 5 10 FIGURES 13 THROUGH 15 - LOGS OF TEST TRENCHES .F.IGURES 1.6 .AND 17 - FILL SUITABILITY TESTS FIGURES 18 THROUGH 21 - DIRECT SHEAR TESTS B-2 WOODWARD - CIZIENSKI & ASSOCIATES C0"I"L.I". *a. ."0 .OUO.IoI <.C(",I.* ..DC,OIOS,,., a, .. , Project No. , September 6, 1973' Project No. 73-203 .+ Ponderosa Homes ' 2032 Business Center Drive Suite 100 Irvine, California" 92664 Attention: Mr. Donald W. Gales c In accordance with our asreements dated June 8, 1 .. .... .. .. 973 and Jul~ . 1973, we have made an investigation of the underlying soil conditions at the California. site of the proposed subdivision to be known as Carillo Estates in Carlsbad, The results of our studies indicate that the ,site is generally suitable. for the proposed development; however, there is some hard rock that may require blasting and existing "old" landslides in the northeastern canyon may require special treatment or real'ignment of the proposed el Fuerte Street. The extent of the existing landslides are not anticipated to be within the proposed lot areas and are not expected to pose construction expansive and it appears that selective grading will be necessary to problems in these areas. Much of the on site material is potentially provide nonexpansive soils in the upper portions of level lot pads. The accompanying report presents our conclusions and recommendations, as well as the results of the subsurface exploration and laboratory tests upon which these recommendations are based. The engineer assigned to this project was Joseph G. Kocherhans. If you . have any questions, please call at your convenience. WOODI~lkRD-GIZIE[.ISY,I & ASSOC!ATES L'dwis J. Lee ' R.E. 14129 LJL/JGK/mf Attachments (2) Ponderosa Homes (4) Rick Engineering Company fl B-3 -. (- -.i I. . Project NO. 5 .-;2N-UDOl c w v SCOPE This report describes an investigation of the underlying soil .. and geologic conditions at the site of the proposed subdivision to be known as Carillo Estates. The site is located approximately 1 mile east of El Camino Real and 1 mile south of'Palomar Airport Road in Carlsbad, California. The purpose of the investigation is to make a geological and soil investigation of the,site that will provide a basis for conclusions and recommendations regarding the stability of the proposed cut and fill slopes; any required fill foundation treatments and special provisions that are necessary in the earthwork specifications; the most suitable type and depth of foundation and allowable soil bearing pressures for foundations on compacted fill or natural ground; and provide conclusions I. \ - and recommendations regarding the relative stability and the necessary measures to improve the stability of exi.sting "old" landslides. The results of our engineering geological reconnaissance have been presented in our letter dated June 4, 1973. Preliminary results of our investigation have been presented to the subdivision engineer, Rick Engineering Company, to assist them in developing plans for the subdivision. It is our understanding that the proposed area is to be developed . into lots for single family housing which will consist of one and two-story structures, of wood frame construction. It is anticipated that the residential structures will be supported on continuous footings or on a pier and grade beam foundation and that house floors will either be raised wooden floors or concrete slabs-on-grade. The specific plan and tentative map of Carillo Estates. prepared Project No. 51 IZW-UDO1 - I. .. . t i s by Rick Engiwiing Company and dated May 7, 1973, indicates that maximum cut slope heights of approximatly 40 feet at maximum slope inclinations of 1-1/2 to 1 and maximum fill slope heights of 110 feet at an inclination of 2 to 1 and less than 30 fe'et at inclinations of 1-1/2 to 1 are proposed. FIELD INVESTIGATION Ten test borings were made with a 6-in. diameter truck-mounted power auger, four test borings were made with a 30-in. diameter bucket rig and seven test trenches were excavated with a caterpillar D-8 dozer. The approximate locations of the test borings and test trenches are shown on the Site Plan, Fig. 1. The drilling of borings and trench excavations were done between June 5 and June 11, 1973 under the supervision of a project engineering geologist. Field logs were prepared by the geologist on the basis of an inspection of the samples secured and of the excavated material. The Logs of Test Boring and Test Trenches, shown on Figs. 2 through 15 are based on an inspection of the samples, the laboratory test results, and on the field logs. The vertical position of each sample is shown on the Logs of Test Borings and Test Trenches. .. In addition to the test borings and excavations, three engineering seismograph traverses were made on June 11, 1973 at the approximate locations shown on Fig. 1. Our interpretation of the results of the traverses is presented on Table 1.. . ' The test excavations and seismograph traverses were located in the field with the aid of.an undated, untitled 1"=100' scale topographic map submitted to us by Rick Engineering Company. a-5 WOODWARD - GlZlENSKl 6 ASSOCIATES "",I," sal, ..e .(11"0.1,01 .W*,.ma UD "-.I. Project No. ' LAGORATORY TESTS The soils encountered were visually classified and evaluated with respect to strength, swelling and compressibility characteristics, dry density and moisture content. The classification was substantiated by grain size analyses and determination of plasticity characteristics I 'of representative samples .of the soils. Fill suitability tests, including laboratory compaction tests, direct shear tests, loaded swell tests, plasticity characteristics and grain size^ analyses, were performed on samples of the basic materials. encountered and expected to be used as fill. The - strength of soils was evaluated by consideration of the density and mositure content of the samples and the penetration resistance of the sampler,. The results of tests on relatively undisturbed drive samples are shown with the penetration- resistance of the sampler at the corresponding sample locations on the Logs of Test Borings. The fill suitability test results, except direct shear tests on compacted samples, are reported on Figs. 16 and 17. The resu'lts of the direct shear tests are reported on Figs. 18 through 21. ,,. SITE, GEOLOGIC AND SOIL CONDITIONS The site is located on a northwesterly trending ridge with a high elevation of this ridge, at the southeastern corner of the property, of approximately 480 ft. The upper portion of the ridge extends downward to the northwest to an elevation of approximately 325 ft near the northwestern corner of the property. A canyon exists on the northern and eastern side of the site that extends down to elevation of approximately 150 ft. The side slopes of this canyon are relatively steep ranging between approximately 1.3 to 1 (horizontal to vertical) to approximately 4 to 1. The side slopes B-6 WOODWARD - GlZlENSKl b ASSOCIATES C"II"0 l0.L mco IOU.0A.L I".".. YO UODCI.,. Project No. 5 142W-UD01 4- rage 4 - t. .. *a '' on the western side of the ridge are at an inclination of generally'about " 6 to 1. At the present time the site is covered with mall weeds and has sparse coverages of small brush with locally dense growth. A- small fill that appears to be uncompacted exists near the end of Flamingo Street. Our investigation reveals that there are four distinct geologic units present on the property. These. units are from youngest to oldest: Alluvium, a late Pleistocene Terrace deposit, Tertiary sediments, and Santiago Peak volcanics. A general description of each of these units is given below: natural drainage channels on the site. The alluvial materials consist, for the most part, of silty and clayey sands with minor amounts of scattered'gravels in thicknesses up to approximately 6 ft, as exposed in the test trenches. Alluvium - The alluvium deposits are mainly confined to the Terrace Deposits - These deposits exist in a limited amount on the surface of the northernmost portion of the main ridge traversing the site. These deposits generally consist of silty clay materials and were obserGed to be less than 2 ft in thickness. Tertiary Marine Sediments - Materials.of this fortnation make grading. The soils within this unit consist of interbedded friable up the bulk of the material requiring excavation for the proposed sandstones and poorly indurated claystones. The majority of materials above an approximate elevation of 403 ft are generally interbedded sandy clays and silty clays. Jurastic Santiaro Peak Volcanics - These metavolcanic rocks occur at the surface within 2 areas on the property, at the approximate locations indicated on the Site Plan. These rocks typically have large variations in decomposition and fracturing in short surface distances; that is, some areas are expected to be excavated fairly easily, whereas an area just a few feet away may require blasting for economical removal of the materials. The near surface soils. as encountered in the test borings, generally consist of 1 to 2 ft of silty sand that is porous. This topsoil is generally underlain by a layer of residual silty and sandy clay ranging in thickness from absent to 3 ft. .. B-7 Page 5 n Test Borings 4 and 5 were dug in an area of existing landslides. A slide plane was encountered at a depth of approximately 6-1/2 ft in Boring 4, but none was encountered in Boring 5. The materials observed in Boring 5 appeared to be slide debris for the entire depth of the boring. It was also noted that the bedding of the material at depths of 24 ft and 30 ft was approximately 30 degrees out of the slope. Refusal was encountered on very hard cemented sand in Boring 5 at a depth of 34 ft. No g?oundxater was encountered in the test borings at the time of our investigation. ' 'CONCLUSIONS AND RECOM!~lENDATIONS (1) The results of our investigation indicate that there are several "old" landslides on the property, that much of the soil within the anticipated depths of grading is potentially expansive and that there is some "hard" rock within proposed cut areas. It is our opinion that select grading and special inspection will be required in order to provide the most suitable end product. It should be anticipated that special foundation designs may be required for structures on potentially expansive soils. (2) The ground which will receive fill and/or residential structures will, in our opinion, have an adequate bearing value to safely support the proposed loads when treated as described in the following paragraphs and in the attached "Specifications for Controlled Fill". Footings for residential structures placed on nonexpansive undisturbed soils or properly compacted nonexpansive soil may be designed for a soil bearing pressure of 2000 psf at a depth of 12 in. below rough lot grade. Footings should have a minimum width of 12 in. Project No. 51 42W-UD01 <',. (,- \ Page 6 (3) The upper zones of th? Santiago Peak Volcanics, the residual clay below the topsoils, the terrace clays and the sandy and si1 ty clay strata in the Del Mar Formation, have been classed by laboratory tests as being potentially expansive to varying degrees. Our studies indicate that the bulk of the material excavated from above the approximate elevation of 400 ft will be of the potentially expansive nature. Where these soils are used within 2 ft of finish grade in either cut or fill pads, special foundation treatment will be necessary. For your convenience and consideration, the following two preliminary foundation designs are presented for soils having 3 to.6 percent swell potential and for soils having 6 to 9 percent swell potential : B-9 WOODWARD - CIZIENSKI & ASSOCIATES CO..lnI6.. so$, .lo fMD1IIDI .".."*'". ..O U",. Project No. 5 - L ‘i The above footings may be designed for a soil bearing pressure of 2000 psf. Soils having a potential swell in excess of approximately 9 percent should not be used within the upper 2 ft of rough lot grade. Potentially expansive soils encountered may be spread and compacted throughout the lower portions of fills, but should not be used in the outer zones of fill slope faces, as will be discussed in the paragraph under slope stability - - bel ow. (4) The results of our investigation indicate that the bulk of the select materials not requiring special foundations will generally be encountered below the approximate elevation 400 ft. Because of this, , it may be desirable for this office to review the proposed grading plan when completed and possibly make additional studies in order to evaluate the availability of select material for capping the upper 2 ft of all lots founded in potentially expansive-materials. The final result of this may enable us to delinate areas and volumes where the select materials are available and estimate where the potentially expansive soils will require undercutting and thereby provide a basis for selective gradi.ng. (5) Kesults of our geological reconnaissance, the test borings and test excavations, and the engineering seismograph traverses indicate that the materials on the site can generally be excavated by normal heavy grading equipment, except in the Santiago Peak formation. Within this formation, it is anticipated that blasting will generally be required to achieve final grades in areas where cuts are in excess of approximately 5 to 15 ft. In those areas where outcrops exist, blasting will be required at the surface. It is recommended that areas requiring blasting be overexcavated to a minimum depth of 2 ft below the proposed rough grade and that the - B-10 Project No. (. * Page a excavation be backfilled with the more select materials available on the site. I.le have discussed the general anticipated areas of blasting with Rick Engineering Company and suggested that raising grades in certain areas may be helpful to minimize the amount of blasting required. It should be anticipated that some oversized rock will be generated in areas that are blasted. .Material in excess of 2 ft in least dimension will require special handling to place and use in the deeper portions of fill; that is, when larger rock fragments are used in fills they should. be completely isolated, such that there is at least the width of the compaction equipment between rocks in order to allow for adequate compaction of the soils around the rock. - (6) It is recommended that loose and/or porous surface soils which are not removed by the grading operations be excavated or scarified as required, replaced and compacted before fill, footings or slabs are constructed. These materials range in depth from approximately l-l/Z to about 3 ft on the ridge and side slopes up to approximately 6 ft in the bottoms of the natural drainage channels. Because of the variations in thickness of the loose and/or porous surface soils, their excavation and compaction should be controlled in the field by Woodward-Gizienski & Associates upon visual examination of the exposed soils. (7) The proposed cut and fill slopes having inclinations of 1-1/2 to 1 (l-l/Z horizontal to 1 vertical) and maximum unsupported heights of less than 50 ft will, in our opinion, have an adequate safety factor against slope failure if constructed in accordance with the plans and specifications. Fill slopes in excess of 50 ft in height.but.less than 115 ft in height.may be constructed at overall slope ratios of 2 to 1. .. Page 9 Project No. 51142W-UD01 It is recommended that the lower portions of the fill in those areas where the slope exceeds 50 ft in height be constructed of materials similar to samples 3-3 and 14-1 in the outer 60 ft of slope face. As grading progresses, strength tests on newly exposed soils combined with other slope stability analyses may show that these newly exposed soils may also be used within this zone. . . (8) As previously noted there are existing old landslides along the northern side slopes of the major ridge of the site. Although these slides appear to be below'the toes of proposed fills, it is recommended that the keys made for these proposed fills be inspected by a geologist from our firm prior to placing fill in these areas in order to verify-actual .' subsurface conditions. This recommendation is made for the purpose of inspecting the area for possible slide debris that could not be delineated from the field reconnaissance. Should such materials be encountered, it will be necessary to remove them down to competent formational materials prior to construction of fill slopes. (9) As presently proposed on the tentative map, by Rick Engineering Company, el Fuerte Drive is planned such that' relatively high cuts would be made on the western side of the proposed alignment. , Results of our studies indicate that landslide masses exist in this area and that extensive buttresses would be required to stabilize these cuts. We have therefore recommended to Rick Engineering Company that the proposed alignment of el Fuerte Drive be moved farther to the east in order to fill the canyon bottom and make no cuts on the side slopes on the west side of the proposed street. They have indicated that this alignment change is possible. It is recommended that final plans in this regard be reviewed by this office B-12 WOODWARD - ClZlENSKl b ASSOCIATES LO..YLII.s .p, 110 m""D..W. '.C,.,l.. 1.D 'IOIOC.',. Project No. 5 "425J-UD0l I. c Page 10 in order to determine the relative stability of this area and provide any additional recommendations that may be required. (10) A set of 'Specifications for Controlled Fil1"'is attached. Recommendations made as a part of this report shall become a part of these specifications. It is recommended that all .grading operations be observed and compacted fi1,ls be tested by Woodward-Gizienski & Associates. LIMIATIONS The conclusions and recommendations made in this report are based on the assumption that the soil conditions do not deviate appreciably from those disclosed by the test borings. If variations are encountered during constuction, we should be notified so that we may make supplemental reccmmendations, if this should be required. .. Evaluation and utilization of soil materials for support of structures.includes investigation of the subsurface conditions, analysis, formulation of recommendations, and inspection during grading. The soil investigation is not completed until the soil engineer has been able to examine the soil in excavations or cut slopes so that'he can make the necessary modifications, if needed. We emphasize the importance of the ' . soil engineer continuing his services through the inspection of grading, including construction of fills, and foundation excavations. B-13 WOODWARD. GIZIENSKI & ASSOCIATES co...u.mo .oI 1.0 .OY.PIIO. '"L'.,I., .I. UOLOU.,. . Project No. 5(' 42W-UDOl i i \ SUMI4ARY OF SEISMIC TRAVERSES Traverse Velocity (ft/sec) Depth' (ft) TR-1 2750 0-2 3900 2 - 14 13000 . 14 - 31 20000 31+ ' TR-1R - .TR-2 TR-2R TR-3 TR-3R 20cc 10000 2200 6500 20000 2400 7200 12000 0 - 50 55+ 0-7 7 - 40 40+ 0-7 7 - 31 31 + 2250 0-5 4300 5+ 1600 2600 0-4 4 - 17 7000 17+ .. a-14 lVOODYlARD - ClZlENSKl & ASSOCIATES CO.(.YLI,.. 9o.L YO ,OU.D..*l I".. ..* U""" Project No. 3 150 .. 4 Indicates approximate location . of test boring-(30" bucket). Indicates approximate I imi ts of ' of test trench. Indicates approximate location ,." Indicates approximate existing ,' ;!/*' v ground surface contour. Indicates approximate limits exposed at ground surface. Indicates approximate f location of seismic traverse. SI TE PLAN @ of Santiago Peak Volcanics CARRILLO ESTATES LKKICdARD - GIZIENSKI 6 ASSGCIATES COWSULTIYG SOIL UD FOUNOATIOY EXGIWEECS AND GEOLOCISTS S~Y nIm. cLLlfo;irlA 02. BY:' LIS zpwnt. SC~~E: I* = COV~ m.1, m: 71.7~ Ry:CJ'r-zl OITF: E-15-73 LFJQI;.E.&A """- n 7r Project No. 5I$42:+UDOl 0- 5- IO - I5 - 20 - 30 33 BC = 20 Bc= 27 WC = 16 BC = 92 DD = 110 c bring I Y For Legmd, see Figure 4. LOG OF TEST BORING I CARR I LLO ESTATES bring 2 0- Loose, dry, tan si 1 ty sand [SI) . Hard, damp, brown sandy clay (U) BC = 18 Porous 5- Hard, mist, gray to yellowbrown clayey si 1 t to fine sandy clay (ML- wc = -16 DO 107 BC = 65 , Hard, moist, interbcdded gray-bmm sandy clay and olive silty clay (U- WC = 22 OD = 102 BC = 63 15 - 20 - Very dense, damp, gray-brown clayey szid (3.4-SC) with shells cmen ted BC = 84 ,. . 25 - ., For Legend, see FigJre k LOG OF TEST BORING 2 CARR I LLO ESTATSS 1- (OYSULTIqG SOIL LUD FOUYDATIC!I ENCIYEERS AND GEOLOGISTS LfXXLiRD - GIZIENSKI 6 ASSOCIATES Project NO. (: bring 3 Stiff, mist, red-brown sandy clay Hard, mist,. brown sandy clay (a) knse to very dense, mist, gray- clayey sand (SC) . ' EC = 72 <... .. ..,. ,<. ,., ,.::.,. ,9 . ,., . ... ,: .j'. :i: :. .: .. .. .. , ., .. ...,~ .,...._, .$_I. .. . , ... .. ..... ..., :.. I I . 2. , .. Refusal LEGEHD WC = Water Content in percent of dry weight. DD = Dry Density in pcf. 8C = Number of blows by I40 ound hammer falling Sampler Data: ID = 2.0". OD 3 2.5": 35 inches to drive sampyer 12 inches (SH) = Grou classification symbol in accordance with the [nified Soil Classification System. 4 = Sample Number. Refusal = Unable to extend excavation, practically, with equipment being used in the exploration. r LOG OF TEST BORING 3 CARgILLO ESTATES i Project No. 51142IV-UDO1 {~ 0 5 IO 15 20 25 33 '. * .. . : Y ar For Legend, see Figure 4. I LOG OF TEST GORING 4 CARklLLO ESTATES Project NO. 5c'2W-UD01 For Lcgcnd, see Figure 4. LOG OF TEST BORING 5 CARR I LLO ESTATES Project No. ( 0 5 m 8 't a 15 "0 c z W 33 35 40 bring 6 - I-ledium dense, dry, brow si Ity sand \ Irn) Porous .. kse to very dense, damp, light .. .'.; brown silty fine sand (s) .. .. j * ,: . .. .. . . .., .. ., : , .... 1, : :;i . .. . ,<." . ... : (a) with cemented layers and fossils .. . Very dense, damp, brcwn si Ity sand .. 3 ':. 1 .1 ~ . ,... .. . ,.. ,.: .L ..I .. ., .. Refusal bring 6 - I-ledium dense, dry, brow si Ity sand \ Irn) Porous .. kse to very dense, damp, light .. .'.; brown silty fine sand (s) .. .. j * ,: . .. .. . . .., .. ., , .... : . .. . 1, : :;i ,<." . ... (a) with cemented layers and fossils : Very dense, damp, brcwn si Ity sand .. . .. 3 ':. 1 .1 ~ . ,... .. . ,.. ,.: .L ..I .. ., .. Refusal For Legend, stx Figure 4. .- Project No. 0 5 IO 15 .x) 25 30' 35 ' 40- 43- bring 7 t Porws (CH) with thin interbeds of clayey silt (M) dmp, gray-brow clayey Very dense, danp, light gray silty fine sand (34) br Legend, see Fi gure 4. LOG OF TEST BORING 7 CARR I LLO ESTATES Project-No. S~"2W-UDOl 5 9 I 0 5 IO OI 9 5 (.. ' , bring 8 BC = BC = BC = 21 95 59 Loose, dry, br0v.n silty sand (34) Dense, danp, gray-bran clayey sand Porous (SC) SI ightly Porous Dense to very dense, mist, yellow- " brow silty fine sand (%) bring 9 BC= 13 ..! Medium dense? dry to dmp, brm silty sand (34) powus BC = 18 Hard, moist, bmhn sandy clay (CL) b\\\l silty fine sand (N) Very dense, mist., yellow-brohn ec= 56 .. bring IO Ckdium dense, dry, brown silty sand Porous mist, brwn sandy clay (CL) Wc = 13 OD = ICa BC = 33 Very. dense, mist, yello-w-bmwn 8C -- :I clayey sand (SC) i -I I " """"_ cuntinued on next page For Legend, see Figure 4. LOG OF TEST 60RIHG II CARR I LLO ESTATES MXWARD -GIZI€NSKI & ASSCIATES COW9JLTIHt SOIL MD FWWDiTlC4 EXCIMEEES AllD CECLOGISTS - * C~J. w: 727n1 nrii: 8-1b73 FIr'?!iw. Io CY'D _."" EY: ,!+&I d""- ... .: - .. -.. i Project No. 30 35 40 44 0 5 IO 13 "(' 2'rJ-UDo1 ec = 6C = - 2 bring II continued l-"""""" ard, mist, gray silty clay (CL) Very dense, mist, yellow-brcm clayey sand (SC) with fossi Is Very dense, mist, olive clayey silt (hL) Very dense, moist, gray-brown clayey bring 12 Hard, dry, bladc sandy cky (Ci) knse to very dense, mist, yellow- brown silty fine sand (%) :..I .. .. For Legend, see Figure I). Project No. 5p42W-UDOl /, n, bring 13 H,. I sand ($!.f) Mi urn dense, dry, grapbrom si 1 ty Porous Hard, mist, red-brown sandy clay Hard, mist, gray-brow sandy clay (U-W ( cL-ai ) Hard, mist to Mt, dive silty clay Bc= 53 15 dense, mist,' grzy-brom silty ,: j :, to clayey sand (X-SC) I 6C = 4516" For Legend, see Figure 4. LOG OF TEST BORING 13 CARRILLO ESTATES CCU%JLTIYG SOIL US FOUYOATICX f.NGII(EERS AND GEOLOGISTS LCSWGRD - GIZIENSKI 6 ASSCIATES SAM DIEU. ChLliO3lA Project No. 5 22iJ-UDO1 t (' 0 5 13 15 20 5 9 I bring I4 Losse, dry, brown silty sand (a) Dmse, dmp, gray-brow si 1 ty fine Porous i '. ,{ ! :' .::, ,! '. . . 1 .: ;, .., !. wc = IO OD = 100 . . ... BC = 2316' .:.: wc = II DD = 105 BC = 44 Trench 15 Lcoso, dry, dark brw clayey fine sand [SC) Porous V'di urn dense, dmp, brown si 1 ty to clayey sand (SMC) with fossi 1 s Hari, mist, gray-brohn silty clay (a) V'di urn dense, dmp, brown si 1 ty to clayey sand (SMC) with fossi 1 s (IxH) Hari, mist, gray-brohn silty clay For Legend, see Figure 4. LOGS OF TEST BORING 14 AND TEST TRENCH 15 CARRILLO ESTATES Project No. 5 42X-UD01 r 5 7 O1 0 5 IO I 5 6 Trench I6 Hard, moist, brow sandy clay (Cl) Dense to very dense, danp, gray- brown silty fine sand (Sf) .'. <'?.. i '. .. . ., .. . .. .. . .. : ... .. ,, .;i. Trench 17 e, dry, light brown silty , dark brown si 1 ty sand Porous --:::'::. Medium dense, damp, brown clayey -\ sand (SC) Porous '...!... Dxtse to very dense, danp, 1 ignt ': gray-brown si1 ty sand (SA) . ,. .. ., ". . .: i:i ,, .~.. '.... c ~. . ... .',: >> '1 Trench 18 4 Lase, dry, dsrk brown silty smd f2.1) Porous' Hard, damp, dark brow sandy clay Dense to very dense, danp, gray- brm si 1 ty sand (2.1) .For Legend, see Figure 4. LOGS OF TEST TRENCHES '16, 17 AND 18 CARRI LLO ESTATES J Project No. 6 a 5 7 OI (c I Trench 19 Loose, dry, dark brown clayey sand 2 (XSSC) : Dense to very dense, damp, gray- :. brorn clayey sand {SC) Very dmse, danp, gray-brmn clayey sand [SC) .. , Trench 20 ' , .. w ' - .': $. .., . ,, ..: .. ... . .. . ,. . . . . ,..... . Trench 21 Very dense, dmp, gray-brow silty sand (34) For Legend, see Figure 4. r - LOGS OF TEST TRENCHES 19, 20 AND 21 CARRILLO ESTATES ~~ Project No. 5114 v (~ .2-J-UDo 1: r \ . G4AlH SIZE lil MILLllfTERS PUSTICIW C%!RACTERISTICS 1 2 3 Liquid Limit. % Plasticity Index. % 24 a so Classification by Unified soil Classification Systnn CL CL CL SWELL TEST DATA I 2 3 Initial Dry Density. pcf IC7 I12 105 Initial Water Content. 5 m a 14 160 16C 150 ' 9.8 4.7 12.5 Percent Swl I ' - 2.60 SPECIFIC GRAYITY ZERO AIR VOIDS CUSVES HOTE:' Spccimen I = S~nple 2-5 Specimen 2 = Sample 3-3 Spcciwn 3 = Smnp~? 11-2 Project 110. 51c Td-UDOl 1000 IW IO 1.0 0.1 0.01 0.m1 GRAIH SIZE IN MILLIMETERS PLASTICIT/ CHARACTERISTICS I 2 3 Liquid Limit, Hon Plasticity Index. ;S Plasti : classification by Unified Soil Classification System SM 2.60 SPECIFIC GRAVITY ZERO AIR VOIDS WWES NOTE: Specimen Spec inen Specimcn %ELL TEST DATA I 2 3 Percent Swell I I I = Sanple IY-l 2- 3- .02 .09 a06 -06 0.10 0.12 SHEAR DISPLACWEHT. inches Keight. inches Dimeter. inches 0.807 I .9Y Initial Conditions: Dry Density. pcf 107.0 Moisture Content. % 13.7 After baking: I Dry Density, pcf bisture Content. % IC7.8 Surcharge during soaking: tonslsq.ft. TEST DATC, Angle of Friction. degrees Cohesion. psf 350 I CARRILLO ESTATES t hO0Ch’AX - GIZIENSKI b ASSOCIATES Height. inches Diameter. inches I 0.807 1.99 Initial Ccnditionr: Dry Dcnsity. pcf t4oisture Content. 5 I 11.6 9.0 After Soaking: Dry Density. pcf Hoisture Content. f Surcharge during so-k' ~ng: tons/sq.ft. 114.3, TEST DATA Angle of Friction. degrces Cohesion. psf NOSHAL STRESS. tonslso. f t .~_~ .. I DIRECT SHEAR TEST Project NO. 51142N-UD01 f f \ I SWPLE DATA I I Szm2le no: , I1 - 7. 1 Classification: Height. inches Dimeter. inches Initial Conditions: Dry Density. pcf Moisture Content. 5 After %?king: Dry Density. pcf kisture Content. i, Surcharge during soaking: tons/sq.ft. TEST DATA Angle of Friction. degrees Cohesion. psf Project 140. 5154-2W-UD01 I SbXPLE DATA ~1 1 Sample go: ' 14 - I 1 Classification: Height. inches I 0.807 Diameter. inches 1.94 Initial Conditions: Dry Dcnsity. pcf 100.9 Moisture Content. X After kaking: Dry Density. pcf Moisture Content. % 103.3 13.0 Surcharge during soakin3: tons/sq.ft. TEST OAT& Angle of Friction. degre?s Cohesion. psf 0 -02 -04 .CS .08 .IO .I2 .I4 SHEAR DISPLACWEWT. inches HORKLL STRESS. tanr/sq.ft. r DIRECT SHEAR TEST CARR I LLO ESTATES LUXWARD - GI 2 I &SKI b ASSOCl ATES COtISULTI!IG %OIL IKD FOUYOATICN ENGISEERS AND GEOLOGISTS 53 DIE,X. CALIFCRWIA Project NO. 51142W-UD01 Carrillo Estates Units Slope Stability Analysis Fill Slope (2 to 1) Assumptions: (1) Maximum height of slopes (3) Unit weight of soil (2) Maximum slope inclination (4) Apparent angle of internal friction (5) Apparent cohesion (6) No seepage forces References : .~ = 100 ft c= 450 psf (1) Janbu, N., Itstability Analysis of Slopes with Dimensionless Parameters,I' Harvard Soil Mechanics Series No. 46, 1954. (2) Janbu, N., I1Dimensionless Parameters for November 1967. Homogeneous Earth Slopes,'1 JSMFD, NO. SM6, Analyses : Safety Factor, F.S. = - C Ncf yH Where 'cf is the stability both c and$. number for slopes with From Fig. 10 of Reference (2) Ncf = 48 F.S. = 1.7 c-1 .., Project No. 51142W-UD01 Cut Slope Assumptions: 11) Maximum height of slopes 12) Maximum slope inclination :3) Unit weight of soil 14) Apparent angle of internal friction : 5 ) Apparent cohesion 16) No seepage forces References: H = 40' 2 to 1 Y = 125 pcf C = 500 psf 4 = 350 (1) Janbu, N., "Stability Analysis of Slopes with Dimensionless Parameters," Harvard Soil Mechanics Series No. 46, 1954. (2) Janbu, N., "Dimensionless Parameters for Homogeneous Earth Slopes," JSMFD, NO. SM6, November 1967. Analyses : Safety Factor, F.S. = Ncf yH C Where 'cf is the stability both c and$. number for slopes with From Fig. 10 of Reference (2) Ncf = 22 F.S. = 2.2 c-2 - . . .. - .. .. < *' Project No. 51142W-SI01 APPENDIX C Carrillo Estates Unit 2 Slope Stability Analysis Cut and Composite Cut/Fill Slopes (1-1/2 to 1) Assumptions: (1) Maximum height of slopes (2) Maximum slope inclination (3) Unit weight of soil (4) Apparent angle of internal friction (5 ) Apparent cohesion (6) No seepage forces References: ~.. ~ H = 20 ft Y = 125 pcf C = 300 psf 1-1/2 to 1 0 = 350 (1) Janbu, N., llStability Analysis of Slopes with Dimensionless Parameters,lI Harvard Soil Mechanics Series No. 46, 1954. (2) Janbu, N., I1Dimensionless Parameters for Homogeneous Earth Slopes," JSMFD, NO. SM6, November 1967. Analyses : Safety Factor, F.S. = Ncf- C YH From Fig. 10 of Reference (2) Ncf = F.S. = 2.6 Where 'cf is the stability number for slopes with both c and$. 13 c-3 Project NO. 5~'ZW-UDOl .- 1. I, . APPENDIX D SPECIFICATIONS FOR CONTROLLED FILL I. GENERAL These specifications cover preparation of existing surfaces to receive fills, the type of soil suitable for use in fills, the control of compaction, and the methods of testing compac- ted fills. It shall be the contractor's responsibility to place, spread, water, and compact the fill in strict accord- owner's representative to inspect the construction of fills. ance with these specifications. A soil engineer shall be the Excavation and the placing of fill shall be under the direct inspection of the soil engineer, and he shall give written notice of conformance with the specifications upon completion permitted only upon written authorization from the soil of grading. Deviations from these specifications will be engineer. A soil investigation has been made for this pro- ject; any recommendations made in the report of the soil investigation or subsequent reports shall become an addendum to these specifications. 11. SCOPE The placement of controlled fill by the contractor shall isfactory material, preparation of the areas to be filled, include all clearing and grubbing, removal of existing unsat- spreading and compaction of fill in the areas to be filled, and all other work necessary to complete the grading of the filled areas. 111. MATERIALS 1. Materials for compacted fill shall consist of any mater- ial imported or excavated from the cut areas that, in the opinion of the soil engineer, is suitable for use in con- structing fills. The material shall contain no rocks or hard lumps greater than 24 inches in size and shall contain at least 40% of material smaller than 1/4 inch in size. (Mater- ials greater than 6 inches in size shall be placed by the contractor so that they are surrounded by compacted fines; no nesting of rocks shall be permitted.) No material of a perishable, spongy, or otherwise improper nature shall be used in filling. 2. Material placed within 24 inches of rough grade shall be select material that contains no rocks or hard lumps greater than 6 inches in size and that swells less than 6% when compacted as hereinafter specified for compacted fill and soaked under an axial pressure of 160 psf. D- 1 Project No. . I, 'd * *I 3. Representative samples of material to shall be tested in the laboratory by the order to determine the maximum density, content, and classification of the soil. be used for fill soil engineer in optimum moisture In addition, the soil engineer shall determine the approximate bearing value other tests applicable to the particular soil. of a recompacted, saturated sample by direct shear tests or 4. During grading operations, soil types other than those analyzed in the report of the soil investigation may be consulted to determine the suitability of these soils. encountered by the contractor. The soil engineer shall be COMPACTED FILLS General Unless otherwise specified, fill material shall be compacted by the contractor while at a moisture content near the optimum moisture content and to a density that is not less than 90% of the maximum dry density deter- mined in accordance with ASTM Test No. D1557-70, or other density test methods that will obtain equivalent results. Potentially expansive soils may be used in fills below a content greater than the optimum moisture content for depth of 24 inches and shall be compacted at a moisture the material. Clearing and Preparing Areas to be Filled All trees, brush, grass, and other objectionable mater- ial shall be collected, piled, and burned or otherwise disposed of by the contractor so as to leave the areas that have been cleared with a neat and finished appear- ance free from unsightly debris. All vegetable matter and objectionable material shall be removed by the contractor from the surface upon which the fill is to be placed, and any loose or porous soils plans. The surface shall then be plowed or scarified to shall be removed or compacted to the depth shown on the a minimum depth of 6 inches until the surface is free from uneven features that would tend to prevent uniform compaction by the equipment to be used. Where fills are constructed on hillsides or slopes, the placed shall be stepped or keyed by the contractor as slope of the original ground on which the fill is to be The steps shall extend completely through the soil shown on the figure on Page 4 of these specifications. mantle and into the underlying formational materials. 9-2 Project No. 51 2W-UDO1 -4 4, - 1 r c (d) After the foundation for the fill has been cleared, plowed, or scarified, it shall be disced or bladed by the contractor until it is uniform and free from large clods, brought to the proper moisture content, and compacted as specified for fill. 3. Placing, Spreading, and Compaction of Fill Material (a) The fill material shall be placed by the contractor in Each layer shall be spread evenly and shall be thorough- layers that, when compacted, shall not exceed 6 inches. ly mixed during the spreading to obtain uniformity of material in each layer. (b) When the moisture content of the fill material is below that specified by the soil engineer, water shall be added by the contractor until the moisture content is as specified. (c) When the moisture content of the fill material is above that specified by the soil engineer, the fill mat= or other satisfactory methods until the moisture content shall be aerated by the contractor by blading, mixing, is as specified. (d) After each layer has been placed, mixed, and spread evenly, it shall be thoroughly compacted by the contrac- tor to the specified density. Compaction shall be multiple-wheel pneumatic-tired rollers, or other types accomplished by sheepsfoot rollers, vibratory rollers, of acceptable compacting equipment. Equipment shall be of such design that it will be able to compact the fill to the specified density. Compaction shall be continu- ous over the entire area, and the equipment shall make been obtained throughout the entire fill. sufficient trips to insure that the desired density has (e) The surface of fill slopes shall be compacted and there shall be no excess loose soil on the slopes. V. INSPECTION 1. Observation and compaction tests shall be made by the that he can state his opinion that the fill was constructed soil engineer during the filling and compacting operations so in accordance with the specifications. 2. The soil engineer shall make field density tests in accordance with ASTM Test No. D1556-64. Density tests shall be made in the compacted materials below the surface where density of any layer of fill or portion thereof is below the the surface is disturbed. When these tests indicate that the reworked until the specified density has been obtained. specified density, the particular layer or portion shall be D-3 0 ,,.; Project NO. - .I c. C' I VI. PROTECTION OF WORK 1. Durinq construction the contractor shall properly grade prevent ponding of water. He shall control surface water to all excavated surfaces to provide positive drainage and avoid damage to adjoining properties or to finished work on prevent erosion of freshly graded areas and until such time the site. The contractor shall take remedial measures to installed. as permanent drainage and erosion control features have been has finished his observation of the work, no further excava- 2. After completion of grading and when the soil engineer tion or filling shall be done except under the observation of the soil engineer. note NOTES : The minimum width of 'IB" key shall be 2 feet wider than the compaction equipment, and not less than 10 feet. The outside edge of bottom key shall be below topsoil or loose surface material. Keys are required where the natural slope is steeper than 6 horizontal to 1 vertical, or where specified by the soil engineer. D-4 Project No. - 1 ' -4 * APPENDIX E OVERSIZE ROCK PLACEMENT AREAS (No Scale) 0 Place no oversize rocks in this area. Oversize rock can be placed in this area. NOTES (1) Oversize rocks are those rock fragments between 2 feet and 4 feet in maximum dimension. (2) Rocks between 2 feet and 4 feet in size should be pro- perly isolated and completely surrounded by properly compacted soil. (3) No rocks greater than 4 feet in maximum dimension can be used in fills. (4) The oversize rock should be surrounded by sufficient fines to obtain proper compaction. (5) No oversize rock can be placed within 4 feet of finish lot grade or within expected depth of utilities, which- ever is deeper. E- 1