HomeMy WebLinkAbout; ; SUSMP 2004-2005 NPDES Permit Order No. 2001-01; 2003-04-03
City of Carlsbad
Public Works Department
Standard Urban Storm Water
Mitigation Plan
Storm Water Standards
A Manual for Construction & Permanent Storm Water
Best Management Practices Requirements
April 2003
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. INTRODUCTION..................................................................................................1
1. Storm Water Standards Manual Organization ...........................................1
2. Background................................................................................................1
3. Legal Framework .......................................................................................3
II. PROJECT REVIEW & PERMITTING PROCESS.................................................4
1. Determine Applicable Storm Water BMP Requirements............................4
A. Permanent Storm Water BMP Requirements .................................7
i. Standard Requirements........................................................7
ii. Priority Project Requirements...............................................7
B. Construction Storm Water BMP Requirements...............................9
2. Prepare & Submit Appropriate Plans .........................................................9
A. Permanent Storm Water BMPs .......................................................9
i. Standard Requirements........................................................9
ii. Priority Project Requirements.............................................10
B. Construction Storm Water BMPs ..................................................10
i. Projects Under 5 Acres ......................................................10
ii. Projects Over 5 Acres (SWPPP)........................................10
3. Determine Adequacy of Proposed Plans .................................................11
4. Assure Implementation & Maintenance of Requirements ........................11
A. Discretionary Action ......................................................................11
B. Construction Permits.....................................................................11
C. Public Projects ..............................................................................11
II. PERMANENT STORM WATER BMP SELECTION PROCEDURE....................12
1. Identify Pollutants & Conditions of Concern.............................................12
A. Identify Pollutants from the Project Area .......................................12
B. Identify Pollutants of Concern in Receiving Waters.......................13
C. Identify Conditions of Concern ......................................................13
2. Establish Permanent Storm Water Best Management Practices.............14
A. Site Design BMPs (Requirements 1-8).........................................15
B. Source Control BMPs (Requirements 9-15)..................................16
C. BMPs Applicable to Individual Priority Project Categories
(Requirements 16-30)...................................................................17
D. Treatment Control BMPs (Requirement 31)..................................19
i. Structural Treatment BMP Selection Procedure.................20
ii. Restrictions on the Use of Infiltration Treatment BMPs
(Requirements 32-33)........................................................21
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IV. CONSTRUCTION STORM WATER BMP PERFORMANCE STANDARDS ......23
1. Site Management Requirements .............................................................23
2. Performance Standards ...........................................................................24
3. Seasonal Requirements...........................................................................25
A. Dry Season Requirements ............................................................25
B. Rainy Season Requirements.........................................................26
V. IMPLEMENTATION & MAINTENANCE OF REQUIREMENTS..........................27
1. Discretionary Action .................................................................................27
A. Permanent BMP Requirements.....................................................27
B. Construction BMP Requirements ..................................................27
2. Construction Permits................................................................................27
A. Construction Permits for Projects Under 1 Acres..........................27
B. Construction Permits for Projects Over 1 Acre..............................28
3. Public Projects .........................................................................................28
4. Permanent BMP Maintenance Agreement Requirements .......................29
VI. RESOURCES & REFERENCES
Appendix A: Storm Water Requirements Applicability Checklist .......................30
Appendix B: Environmentally Sensitive Areas Map...........................................34
Appendix C: Example Permanent Best Management Practices........................35
Appendix D: Water Quality Technical Report Guidelines ..................................38
Appendix E: Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan/Water Pollution
Control Plan Guidelines ..............................................................40
Appendix F: Example Construction Best Management Practices .....................42
Appendix G: Suggested Resources ...................................................................44
Appendix H: Potential Permanent Treatment BMP Maintenance
Mechanisms..................................................................................47
Appendix I: Definitions .....................................................................................48
List of Figures
Figure 1: Review Process for Discretionary Actions.......................................5
Figure 2: Construction Permit Review & Approval Process............................6
List of Tables
Table 1: Standard Development Project & Priority Project Storm Water
BMP Requirements Matrix ............................................................8
Table 2: Anticipated and Potential Pollutants Generated by
Land Use Type............................................................................12
Table 3: Numeric Sizing Treatment Standards ...........................................20
Table 4: Structural Treatment Control BMP Selection Matrix......................21
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I. INTRODUCTION
1. Storm Water Standards Manual Organization
This manual is intended to provide information to applicants for private projects
processed through the Development Services Division of the Engineering Department
(DSD), on how to comply with the permanent and construction storm water
requirements for new private and public development projects in the City of Carlsbad.
This manual further guides the project applicant through the selection, design, and
incorporation of storm water BMPs into the project’s design plan.
Section 1, “Introduction,” describes storm water pollution background information and
legal or regulatory requirements associated with storm water pollution control.
Section II, “Project Review & Permitting Process,” outlines the project plan review and
approval process for both discretionary actions and construction permits for private
development projects. Applicants should use Section II as the roadmap to navigate
through this manual and ensure storm water requirements are accurately and efficiently
incorporated into their projects during project review. The remaining sections provide
technical information necessary to incorporate the storm water requirements in the
review process outlined in Section II.
Section III, “Permanent Storm Water BMP Selection Procedure,” lists the permanent
storm water BMP requirements, which are organized into a progression intended to
dovetail with a typical project planning and design process and maximize storm water
protections while minimizing project costs. Section IV, “Construction Storm Water BMP
Performance Standards,” describes the City’s construction storm water BMP standards.
Section V, “Implementation & Maintenance of Requirements,” describes how
implementation and maintenance of construction and permanent BMPs must be
assured for both construction permits and discretionary actions. For permanent BMPs,
this section provides a process and requirements for executing a maintenance
agreement with the City. Section VI contains appendices to the Storm Water Standards
manual that are either necessary or designed to provide guidance in completing the
storm water requirements in this manual.
2. Background
Urban runoff discharged from municipal storm water conveyance systems has been
identified by local, regional, and national research programs as one of the principal
causes of water quality problems in most urban areas. The City of Carlsbad’s storm
water conveyance system, which collects runoff and rainwater from our streets,
rooftops, driveways, parking lots, and other impervious areas, flows directly to our
beaches and lagoons without receiving treatment (our storm water conveyance system
is separate from our sanitary sewer system). Urban runoff potentially contains a host of
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pollutants like trash and debris, bacteria and viruses, oil and grease, sediments,
nutrients, metals, and toxic chemicals. These contaminants can adversely affect
receiving and coastal waters, associated wildlife, and public health. Urban runoff
pollution is not only a problem during rainy seasons, but also year-round due to many
types of urban water use that discharge runoff to the storm water conveyance system.
Storm water pollution can negatively affect human health and aquatic plant and animal
life. Potentially harmful viruses and bacteria are now found in our coastal waters along
with soil particles, solids/debris, litter, oil, grease, and chemical compounds. Oil and
grease from parking lots, pesticides, cleaning solvents, and other toxic chemicals can
contaminate storm water and these contaminants can be transported into receiving
waters—the beaches, lagoons and creeks we all enjoy. Fertilizer constituents from
lawns and golf courses or leaking septic tanks can cause algal blooms and encourage
microbial growth to create an increasing spiral of biological activity known as
eutrophication. Disturbances of the soil from construction can allow silt to wash into
storm channels and receiving waters making them muddy, turbid, and inhospitable to
natural aquatic organisms. Many artificial surfaces of the urban environment such as
galvanized metal, paint, or preserved wood containing metals, contribute to pollution by
storm water run-on or leaching by storm water as the surfaces corrode, flake, dissolve,
or decay. Heavy metals, such as, copper from automobile brakes, and lead and
chromium from paints and primer coatings, are toxic to aquatic organisms and may bio-
accumulate.
Land development and construction activities significantly alter drainage patterns and
contribute pollutants to urban runoff primarily through erosion and removal or change of
existing natural vegetation during construction, and the creation of new impervious
surfaces, such as parking lots, which often permanently contribute pollutants throughout
the “use” of the project site. When homes, work places, recreational areas, roads,
parking lots, and structures are built, new impervious areas are built- creating the
potential for a “double-negative” impact to water quality. First, the natural landscape’s
ability to infiltrate and cleanse storm water and urban runoff is “capped” by the
impervious surfaces. As impervious surfaces increase, water that normally would have
percolated into the soil where it could be naturally filtered now flows over the land
surface directly to downstream wetlands, creeks, and eventually the Pacific Ocean.
Accordingly, increases in impervious cover can increase the frequency and intensity of
storm water flows. Second, new impervious surfaces often become a source of
pollutants associated with development such as, automotive fluids, cleaning solvents,
toxic or hazardous chemicals, detergents, sediment, metals, pesticides, oil and grease,
and food wastes. These pollutants, which are often temporarily captured on impervious
surfaces, are transported to the storm water conveyance system by storm water and
urban runoff. The pollutants flow untreated through the storm water conveyance system
and ultimately into our creeks, rivers, beaches, and lagoons. With the growing concerns
of urban runoff and storm water pollution, local, state, and federal agencies devised
regulations requiring development planning and construction controls to treat storm
water-related pollution from new development projects before it reaches any receiving
waters.
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The Municipal Storm Water National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES)
Permit (Municipal Permit), issued on February 21, 2001 to the City of San Diego, the
County of San Diego, the Port of San Diego, and 17 other cities in the region by the San
Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board (Regional Board), requires the
development and implementation of storm water regulations addressing storm water
pollution issues in development planning and construction associated with private and
public development projects. Specifically, private and public development projects are
required to include storm water best management practices (BMPs) both during
construction, and in the projects permanent design, to reduce pollutants discharged
from the project site, to the maximum extent practicable (see Appendix C for a detailed
description of the various types and categories of BMPs discussed in this manual). The
primary objectives of the Storm Water Standards manual requirements are to: (1)
Effectively prohibit non-storm water discharges; and (2) Reduce the discharge of
pollutants from storm water conveyance systems to the Maximum Extent Practicable
(MEP statutory standard) both during construction and throughout the use of a
developed site. To address pollutants that may be generated from new development
once the site is in use, the Municipal Permit further requires that the City implement a
series of permanent BMPs described in a document called the Model Standard Urban
Storm Water Mitigation Plan, or SUSMP (pronounced “sue-sump”), which was approved
by the Regional Board on June 12, 2002.
The City’s Storm Water Standards manual is intended to provide information on how to
comply with all of the City’s permanent and construction storm water BMP
requirements, for new private and public development projects in the City of Carlsbad.
The effective date of the Storm Water Standards manual is December 2, 2002, and
applies to all projects requiring any permit approvals on or after December 2, 2002,
even if the project is currently under review or if previous approvals have been obtained.
These Standards will be modified from time to time and are effective on the date issued.
3. Legal Framework
The requirement to implement storm water BMP requirements for development projects
is based on Section 402 (p) of the Clean Water Act. The Federal Clean Water Act
amendments of 1987 established a framework for regulating storm water discharges
from municipal, industrial, and construction activities under the NPDES program. Under
the Federal Clean Water Act, municipalities throughout the nation are issued a
Municipal NPDES Permit. The primary goal of the Municipal Permit is to reduce
polluted discharges from entering the storm water conveyance system and local
receiving and coastal waters and to ensure the beneficial uses of protected receiving
waters.
In California, the State Water Resources Control Board (SWRCB), through the nine
Regional Boards, administers the NPDES storm water municipal permitting program.
Based on the San Diego Municipal Permit issued by the San Diego Regional Board, the
City is required to develop and implement construction and permanent storm water
BMPs addressing pollution from new private and public development projects.
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II. PROJECT REVIEW & PERMITTING PROCESS
Per the National Pollution Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit (Order No.
2001-01 NPDES No. CAS0108758) the City of Carlsbad requires development and
significant redevelopment, that fall under the category of “priority projects”, include Best
Management Practices (BMP’s) be incorporated to ensure that those projects reduce
potential urban pollutant runoff to the maximum extent practicable (MEP). These storm
water pollution prevention requirements, which are described in detail in Sections III,
“Permanent Storm Water Best Management Practices Selection Procedure,” and
Section IV, “Construction Storm Water Best Management Practices Performance
Standards,” are site specific and vary based on the project’s potential impact on
receiving water quality.
The steps below describe the elements of the development application plan review and
permitting processes for storm water best management practice (BMP) requirements.
The flow chart in Figure 1, “Review Process For Discretionary Actions” demonstrates
how storm water requirements are incorporated into projects requiring subdivision
approvals, development permits, discretionary actions or ministerial permits. The flow
chart in Figure 2, “Construction Permit Review & Approval Process” describes how
storm water requirements are incorporated into projects during the construction permit
review process.
Public projects are also subject to the requirements of this Storm Water Standards
manual, and although this manual is designed to address the development review
process for private projects, City project managers should use this document to identify
storm water requirements that must be incorporated into capital improvement projects.
Step 1: Determine Applicable Storm Water BMP Requirements
Prior to submittal, applicants must complete the “Storm Water Requirements
Applicability Checklist” in Appendix A, to determine if their project is subject to
permanent and construction storm water best management practice (BMP)
requirements. (Note: this form must be completed for all permit applications, even if
previous approvals exist. Projects with previous approvals will be required to comply
with the storm water requirements in this document). This checklist must be completed,
signed by the responsible party for the project, and submitted with the permit
application. For private projects, the project design must include all required permanent
BMPs prior to deeming the application package complete. For public projects, the City
project manager shall review and approve the required BMP information prior to bidding
for construction contracts.
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Figure 1. Review Process for Discretionary Actions
The following figure provides an overview of the project review process for projects that require a discretionary action
by the City of Carlsbad. Discretionary actions include land use plan amendments, rezonings, subdivisions, planned
development permits, planned industrial permits, redevelopment permits, coastal development permits, conditional
use permits, site development plans.
Start
Applicant proposing a development
project that requires one or more
discretionary actions completes the
“Storm Water Requirements
Applicability Checklist” (See Appendix
A)
Optional
Applicant may request a
Single Discipline
Preliminary Review (See
DSD Information Bulletin
No. 513) to help
determine applicability of
Storm Water Standards
Development Services Division
drafts permit conditions once project
review is complete consistent with
the Storm Water Standards .
Project’s storm water design and
project conditions are also
incorporated into appropriate
environmental document when one
is required for the project.
Project approved by the appropriate
decision maker?
Finish
Storm water requirements complete.
Yes
No
No Yes
Applicant answers yes to any Priority
Project or Standard Permanent Storm
Water Requirement Questions found in
Appendix A?
Yes No
Applicant prepares project application,
plans and Water Quality Technical
Report Consistent with the Storm
Water Standards and submits to
Development Services Division of
Engineering
Development Services Division
determines that project submittal is
complete?
Development Services Division
reviews project and determines
that the plans and Water Quality
Technical Report adequately
addresses Storm Water
Standards requirements?
Yes No
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Figure 2. Construction Permit Review & Approval Process
The following figure provides an overview of the project review process for projects that require a construction permit
from the City of Carlsbad. Construction permits include building permits, grading permits, demolition permits,
ministerial permits and public right-of-way permits.
SWPPP?
Start
Applicant proposing a development
project that requires one or more
construction permits completes the
“Storm Water Requirements
Applicability Checklist” (See Appendix
A)
Applicant answers yes to any Priority
Project or Standard Permanent Storm
Water Requirement Questions found in
Appendix A?
Yes No
Applicant prepares project application,
Water Pollution Control Prevention Plan,
and associated Storm Water Pollution
Prevention Plan (SWPPP) consistent
with the Storm Water Standards and the
City of Carlsbad requirements and
submits to Development Services
Division of Engineering. Attach a copy of
the project’s Storm Water Technical
report if one was prepared previously
(see Figure 1).
Development Services D reviews
project and determines that the
plans and Water Quality
Technical Report adequately
addresses Storm Water
Standards requirements and
Development Services Division
determines that project submittal is
complete?
Yes No
Finish
Storm water requirements complete.
Inspection of construction and post
construction BMPs occur
No Yes
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A. Permanent Storm Water BMP Requirements
i. Standard Requirements. Projects subject to standard permanent storm water
requirements as appropriate will incorporate the site design and source control
requirements identified in Sections III.2.A and B (requirements 1 through 15), into
the project (see Table 1). Refer to Step 2: “Prepare & Submit Appropriate Plans,” for
guidance in the BMP design process.
ii. Priority Project Requirements. Projects subject to priority project permanent storm
water requirements as appropriate will incorporate all applicable requirements in
Section III.2, “Establish Permanent Storm Water Best Management Practices,”
(requirements 1 through 35) into the project design. This includes the site design
and source control BMPs, BMPs applicable to individual priority project categories,
and treatment control BMP requirements. If a priority project meets more than one
priority project category definition, as shown in Table 1, the project is subject to all
BMPs applicable to individual priority project categories that apply. For example, if a
project is proposing to build 50 attached residential units and a 6,000 square foot
restaurant with a 70-space surface parking lot, the project would be subject to the
individual priority project category BMP requirements for “Attached Residential
Development,” “Restaurants,” and “Parking Lots,” as shown in Table 1 below. Refer
to Step 2: “Prepare & Submit Appropriate Plans,” for guidance in the permanent
BMP design process.
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Table 1. Standard Development Project & Priority Project Storm Water BMP Requirements Matrix.
BMPs Applicable to Individual
Priority Project Categories(3)
Site
Design
BMPs(1)
Source
Control
BMPs(2) a. Private Roads b. Residential Driveways & Guest Parking c. Dock Areas d. Maintenance Bays e. Vehicle Wash Areas f. Equipment Wash Areas g. Outdoor Processing Areas h. Surface Parking Areas i. Fueling Areas j. Hillside Landscaping Treatment
Control
BMPs(4)
Standard Projects R R O O O O O O O O O O O
Priority Projects:
Detached Residential
Development R R R R R S
Attached Residential
Development R R R S
Commercial Development
>100,000 ft2 R R R R R R S
Automotive Repair Shop R R R R R R R S
Restaurants R R R R S
Hillside Development
>5,000 ft2 R R R R S
Parking Lots R R R(5) S
Streets, Highways &
Freeways R R S
R = Required; select one or more applicable and appropriate BMPs from the applicable steps in Section III.2.A-D, or
equivalent as identified in Appendix C.
O = Optional/ or may be required by City staff. As appropriate, applicants are encouraged to incorporate treatment control
BMPs and BMPs applicable to individual priority project categories into the project design. City staff may require one or
more of these BMPs, where appropriate.
S = Select one or more applicable and appropriate treatment control BMPs from Appendix C.
(1) Refer to Section III.2.A.
(2) Refer to Section III.2.B.
(3) Priority project categories must apply specific storm water BMP requirements, where applicable. Priority projects are
subject to the requirements of all priority project categories that apply.
(4) Refer to Section III.2.D.
(5) Applies if the paved area totals >5,000 square feet or with >15 parking spaces and is potentially exposed to urban runoff.
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B. Construction Storm Water BMP Requirements
Projects subject to the construction storm water best management practices
requirements must comply with the standards included in Section IV, “Construction
Storm Water BMP Performance Standards,” as appropriate depending on the site
conditions, season, and project design, and construction methods. Each project must
be given a priority ranking (high, medium or low) for the construction phase (see
Appendix A). The prioritization will determine the inspection frequency by City staff but
will not change the construction BMP requirements. Refer to Step 2: “Prepare & Submit
Appropriate Plans,” for guidance in navigating through this manual to ensure
construction BMP performance standards are met.
Step 2 – Prepare & Submit Appropriate Plans.
After determining the general categories of storm water requirements that apply to the
project in Step 1 (e.g., construction BMPs, standard permanent BMPs, and/or priority
project permanent BMPs), refer to the instructions in this step (see below) to determine
what analysis and/or specific BMP requirements in Sections III and IV of the Storm
Water Standards manual must be provided and/or incorporated into the project1.
A. Permanent Storm Water BMPs
Section III, “Permanent Best Management Practices Selection Procedure,” contains a
process for reviewing the project site’s location and preliminary project design before
progressively identifying and incorporating site design BMPs, source control BMPs,
requirements for individual priority project types, and treatment control BMPs into the
project design. The procedure is organized so that the level of analysis required is
commensurate with the potential pollutant type and quantity, the location of the project
relative to sensitive receiving waters, and with the type of storm water requirements that
apply to a particular project.
i. Standard Requirements. Projects (requiring either discretionary actions or
construction permits), subject to only standard permanent BMP requirements need
only to complete the “Identify Pollutants from the Project Area” procedure (Section
III.1.A), and then incorporate the requirements in Section III.2.A, “Site Design BMPs”
and Section III.2.B, “Source Control BMPs” (requirements 1-15). Applicants must
incorporate all necessary permanent BMPs into the project plans prior to submittal,
regardless of project type. Analysis of the project’s anticipated pollutants of concern
must also be included with the project submittal.
1 Projects are only required to provide applicable BMPs. For example, an attached residential
development project subject to the priority project requirements would not have to meet the “private road”
requirements in this manual if no private roads were proposed. In addition, the City Engineer may
approve proposed alternatives to the BMP requirements in this manual if they are determined to be
applicable and equally effective.
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ii. Priority Project Requirements. Projects (requiring either discretionary actions or
construction permits), subject to the priority project permanent BMP requirements
must complete all of the analyses required in Section III.1, “Identify Pollutants and
Conditions of Concern,” and incorporate all of the applicable BMP requirements in
Section III.2, “Establish Storm Water BMP Requirements” (requirements 1-33).
Applicants must incorporate all necessary permanent BMPs into the project plans
prior to submittal, regardless of project type. In addition, projects subject to priority
project requirements must prepare and submit a Water Quality Technical Report in
accordance with Appendix D. Analysis of the project’s anticipated pollutants of
concern, anticipated pollutants of concern in downstream receiving waters, and
conditions of concern, must also be included in the Water Quality Technical Report
as part of the project submittal.
B. Construction Storm Water BMPs
Section IV, “Construction Storm Water BMP Performance Standards,” describes the
construction site management requirements that contractors must comply with. In
addition, Section IV lists the performance standards that construction sites must meet,
and provides a list of erosion control, sediment control, and materials management
BMPs for reference. Additionally, each project must be given a priority of high, medium
or low (see Appendix A). (Note: Prioritization of construction projects will determine
the inspection frequency by City staff and may be changed during the construction
process based on the potential for pollutants to be discharged from the site.)
i. Those projects that have been determined to require construction BMPs in Step 1
must identify the construction BMPs to be implemented in accordance with the
performance standards in Section IV, “Construction Storm Water BMP Performance
Standards.” The applicant must provide a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan
(SWPPP), which identifies all construction BMP requirements required by Section
IV, in accordance with Order No. 99-08-DWQ of the State General Permit for Storm
Water Discharges Associated with Construction Activity (State General Construction
Permit). For projects that disturb 1-acre or more, and are determined to have a
potential to impact water quality during construction, the applicant must provide a
Water Pollution Control Plan (WPCP), which identifies all construction BMP
requirements required by Section IV, with the project submittal. The WPCP shall
depict the BMP's to be implemented during construction to reduce/eliminate
discharges of pollutants to the storm drain conveyance system. The WPCP shall
include but not be limited to erosion and sediment control BMP's, good
housekeeping measures and site and materials management.
Consistent with the State General Construction Permit, the City will require that both
erosion and sediment control BMPs be installed and maintained for all applicable
projects in addition to good housekeeping and site and materials management.
Appendix E provides general guidelines for preparation of a SWPPP as well as a
more detailed checklist to meet the requirements.
After preparing plans and supporting documents according to the requirements in this
manual, submit plans to the Development Services Division of the Engineering
Department for review (See Step 3).
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Step 3 – Determine Adequacy of Proposed Plans.
The City Engineer will review submitted plans for compliance with the applicable storm
water requirements contained in this manual. The City Engineer may approve proposed
alternatives to the BMP requirements in this manual if they are determined to be
applicable and equally effective. Additional analysis or information may be required to
enable staff to determine the adequacy of proposed BMPs, and will be requested
through a project issues report following the conclusion of a staff review cycle. After all
storm water requirements have been approved by the City Engineer, proceed to Step 4
to assure implementation and maintenance of the approved BMPs through permit
conditions, plan notes, and if necessary, maintenance agreements.
Step 4 -- Assure Implementation & Maintenance of Requirements.
Applicants must provide assurances that required permanent storm water BMPs will be
constructed and permanently maintained throughout the use of a developed site, and
that construction BMPs will be implemented and maintained until construction is
complete. The summaries below describe how construction and permanent BMP
requirements must be assured during both discretionary actions and construction permit
review processes. After the City Engineer has approved all construction and/or
permanent BMPs, refer to Section V, “Implementation & Maintenance of Requirements”
to determine how construction and permanent BMP implementation and maintenance
will be assured.
A. Discretionary Action
For any discretionary action, required permanent storm water requirements shall be
incorporated into the project design and be shown on the plans. If the project will be
required to provide construction BMPs, the permit/approval shall include the “Standard
Construction BMP Implementation And Maintenance Condition” listed in Section V,
“Implementation & Maintenance of Requirements”.
B. Construction Permits
For projects requiring construction permits, construction and required permanent BMP
requirements shall be incorporated into the project design and shown on the plans prior
to the issuance of any permits. Construction and permanent BMP requirements shall
also be noted on the plans. Any construction BMP requirements that cannot be shown
graphically must be noted on the plans.
C. Public Projects
For public projects, required permanent, as well as construction, BMP requirements
must be incorporated into the project design and shown on the plans prior to bidding for
construction contracts, or equivalent. Public project contracts must also add the
requirement for the project to implement and maintain construction BMP requirements
in accordance with this manual.
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III. PERMANENT BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES SELECTION PROCEDURE
When referred to this Section, by Step 2 of Section II, complete the analysis required for
your project in the subsections of Section III.1 below.
1. IDENTIFY POLLUTANTS & CONDITIONS OF CONCERN
A. Identify Pollutants from the Project Area
Using Table 1, identify the project’s anticipated pollutants. Pollutants associated with
any hazardous material sites that have been remediated or are not threatened by the
proposed project are not considered a pollutant of concern. Projects meeting the
definition of more than one project category shall identify all general pollutant categories
that apply.
Table 2. Anticipated and Potential Pollutants Generated by Land Use Type.
General Pollutant Categories
Project
Categories Sediments Nutrients
Heavy
Metals
Organic
Compounds
Trash
&
Debris
Oxygen
Demanding
Substances
Oil &
Grease
Bacteria
&
Viruses Pesticides
Detached
Residential
Development
X X X X X X X
Attached
Residential
Development
X X X P(1) P(2) P(1) X
Commercial
Development
>100,000 ft2
P(1) P(1) P(2) X P(5) X P(3) P(5)
Automotive
Repair
Sh
X X(4)(5) X X
Restaurants X X X X
Hillside
Development
>5,000 ft2
X X X X X X
Parking Lots P(1) P(1) X X P(1) X P(1)
Streets,
Highways &
Freeways
X P(1) X X X(4) X P(5) X
X = anticipated
P = potential
(1) A potential pollutant if landscaping exists on-site.
(2) A potential pollutant if the project includes uncovered parking areas.
(3) A potential pollutant if land use involves food or animal waste products.
(4) Including petroleum hydrocarbons.
(5) Including solvents.
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B. Identify Pollutants of Concern in Receiving Waters
For priority projects, the following analysis shall be conducted and reported in the
project’s Water Quality Technical Report:
1. For each of the proposed projects discharge points, identify the receiving water(s)
that each discharge point proposes to discharge to, including hydrologic unit basin
number(s), as identified in the most recent version of the Water Quality Control Plan
for the San Diego Basin2, prepared by the San Diego Regional Water Quality Control
Board.
2. Identify any receiving waters, into which the developed area would discharge to,
listed on the most recent list of Clean Water Act Section 303(d) impaired water
bodies3. List any and all pollutants for which the receiving waters are impaired.
Sites tributary to Clean Water Act section 303(d) water bodies impaired for sediment
and sites discharging directly into environmentally sensitive areas (ESA) require
additional BMP implementation. These sites are by definition classified as posing a high
threat to water quality. In the 1998 303(d) listing, the Agua Hedionda Lagoon is
impaired for sediment and siltation. Buena Vista Lagoon also has impaired beneficial
uses (aquatic life) due to high sedimentation/siltation. Portions of Carlsbad where
construction sites have the potential to discharge into a tributary of a 303(d) or directly
into a 303(d) water body or sites located within 200 feet of an ESA require additional
BMP implementation. These water bodies include the Pacific Ocean, Buena Vista
Lagoon, Encinas Creek, Agua Hedionda Lagoon, and Batiquitos Lagoon.
C. Identify Conditions of Concern
For priority projects, the following analysis shall be conducted and reported in the
project’s Water Quality Technical Report:
1. Evaluate the project’s conditions of concern in a drainage study report prepared by a
registered civil engineer in the State of California, with experience in the science of
stream and river generated surface features (i.e., fluvial geomorphology) and water
resources management. The report shall consider the project area’s location (from
the larger watershed perspective), topography, soil and vegetation conditions,
percent impervious area, natural and infrastructure drainage features, and any other
relevant hydrologic and environmental factors to be protected specific to the project
area’s watershed.
2. As part of the drainage study, the applicant’s civil engineer shall conduct a field
reconnaissance to observe and report on downstream conditions, including
undercutting erosion, slope stability, vegetative stress (due to flooding, erosion,
water quality degradation, or loss of water supplies) and the area’s susceptibility to
erosion or habitat alteration as a result of any future upstream development.
2. Go to: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/~rwqcb9/Programs/Basin_PLanning/Basin_PLan/basin_plan.html
3. Go to: http://www.swrcb.ca.gov/tmdl/303d_lists.html. San Diego is in Region 9 (a link is provided).
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3. The drainage study shall utilize the most recent edition of the San Diego County
Hydrology Manual, compute rainfall runoff characteristics from the project area
including, at a minimum, runoff volume, time of concentration, and retention volume.
These characteristics shall be developed for the two-year and 10-year frequency,
Type I storm, of six-hour or 24-hour duration (whichever is the closer approximation
of the site’s time of concentration), during critical hydrologic conditions for soil and
vegetative cover4. The drainage study shall also report the project’s conditions of
concern based on the hydrologic and downstream conditions discussed above.
Where downstream conditions of concern have been identified, the drainage study
shall establish that pre-project hydrologic conditions that minimize impacts on those
downstream conditions of concern would be either improved or maintained by the
proposed project, satisfactory to the City Engineer, by incorporating the permanent
BMP requirements identified in Section III.2, below.
2. ESTABLISH PERMANENT STORM WATER BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
After identifying the project’s pollutants of concern, and conditions of concern
(for priority projects), in Section III.1, projects subject to standard or priority project
requirements shall implement all applicable site design, source control BMPs listed
below. Projects subject to priority project requirements must also implement the BMPs
applicable to individual priority project categories and structural treatment control BMPs.
Applicants may employ alternative comparable and equally effective site design and
source control BMPs (including requirements applicable to individual priority project
categories), satisfactory to the City Engineer.
Projects are encouraged to address these objectives through the creation of a
hydrologically functional project design that attempts to mimic the natural hydrologic
regime. Mimicking a site’s natural hydrologic regime may be pursued by:
Reducing imperviousness, conserving natural resources and areas, maintaining
and using natural drainage courses in the storm water conveyance system, and
minimizing clearing and grading that is necessary for the project.
Providing runoff storage measures dispersed uniformly throughout a site’s
landscape with the appropriate use of a variety of detention, retention, and runoff
practices.
Implementing on-lot hydrologically functional landscape design and management
practices.
4. Design storms can be found at http://www.wrcc.dri.edu/pcpnfreq.html.
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These design principles offer an innovative approach to urban storm water
management, one that does not rely on the conventional end-of-pipe or in-the-pipe
structural methods but instead uniformly or strategically integrates storm water controls
throughout the urban landscape. Useful resources for applying these principles are
referenced in Appendix G. Effective source controls offer another strategy to reduce a
project’s need for treatment. Therefore, projects shall incorporate, where applicable,
storm water BMPs into the project design, in the following progression:
Site Design BMPs
Source Control BMPs
BMPs for Individual Priority Project Categories (these are site design and source
control BMPs)
Treatment Control BMPs
The series of best management practices listed in Section III.2 have been organized
sequentially to allow the applicant and design professional to incorporate the site
design, source control BMPs, and where necessary, requirements applicable to
individual priority project categories and treatment control BMPs in this progression.
A. Site Design BMPs
Maintain Pre-Development Rainfall Runoff Characteristics
Control post-development peak storm water runoff discharge rates and velocities to
maintain or reduce pre-development development downstream erosion by applying the
following or similar concepts:
1. Minimize impervious footprint to the maximum extent practicable consistent with
the General Plan, Municipal Code, and other City standards by utilization of
measures of the following types: (1) Increase building density (number of stories
above or below ground); (2) construct walkways, trails, patios, overflow parking lots
and alleys and other low-traffic areas with permeable surfaces, such as pervious
concrete, porous asphalt, unit pavers, and granular materials; (3) construct streets,
sidewalks and parking lot aisles to the minimum widths required, provided that
public safety and a walkable environment for pedestrians are not compromised;
and (4) minimize the use of impervious surfaces, such as decorative concrete, in
the landscape design.
2. Conserve natural areas. (1) Concentrate or clustering development on the least
environmentally sensitive portions of a site while leaving the remaining land in a
natural, undisturbed condition; and (2) Use natural drainage systems to the
maximum extent practicable.
3. Minimize Directly Connected Impervious Areas. (1) Where landscaping is
proposed, drain rooftops into adjacent landscaping prior to discharging to the storm
water conveyance system; and (2) where landscaping is proposed, drain
impervious parking lots, sidewalks, walkways, trails, and patios into adjacent
landscaping.
4. Maximize canopy interception and water conservation consistent with the Carlsbad
Landscape Manual. (1) Preserve existing native trees and shrubs; and (2) plant
additional native or drought tolerant trees and large shrubs in place of non-drought
tolerant exotics.
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Protect Slopes and Channels
5. Convey runoff safely from the tops of slopes.
6. Vegetate slopes with native or drought tolerant vegetation where practicable
consistent with the Carlsbad Landscape Manual.
7. Stabilize permanent channel crossings.
8. Install energy dissipaters, at the outlets of new storm drains, culverts, conduits, or
channels that enter unlined channels in accordance with applicable standards and
specifications to minimize erosion. Energy dissipaters shall be installed in such a
way as to minimize impacts to receiving waters.
B. Source Control BMPs
Design Outdoor Material Storage Areas to Reduce Pollution Introduction
9. Hazardous materials with the potential to contaminate urban runoff shall be: (1)
placed in an enclosure such as, but not limited to, a cabinet, shed, or similar
structure that prevents contact with rain, runoff or spillage to the storm water
conveyance system; and (2) protected by secondary containment structures such
as berms, dikes, or curbs. The storage area shall be paved and sufficiently
impervious to contain leaks and spills, and have a roof or awning to minimize direct
precipitation within the secondary containment area.
Design Trash Storage Areas to Reduce Pollution Introduction
10. Trash storage areas shall be: (1) paved with an impervious surface, designed not
to allow run-on from adjoining areas, screened or walled to prevent off-site
transport of trash; and) contain attached lids on all trash containers that exclude
rain; or contain a roof or awning to minimize direct precipitation.
Limited exclusion: detached residential homes.
Use Efficient Irrigation Systems & Landscape Design
11. Employ rain shutoff devices to prevent irrigation during precipitation consistent with
the Carlsbad Landscape Manual.
12. Design irrigation systems to each landscape area's specific water requirements
consistent with the Carlsbad Landscape Manual.
Limited exclusion: detached residential homes.
Provide Storm Water conveyance System Stenciling and Signage
13. Provide concrete stamping, porcelain tile, inset permanent marking or equivalent
as approved by the City of Carlsbad, of all storm water conveyance system inlets
and catch basins within the project area with prohibitive language (e.g., “No
Dumping – I Live Downstream”), satisfactory to the City Engineer.
14. Post signs and prohibitive language and/or graphical icons, which prohibit illegal
dumping at public access points along channels and creeks within the project area,
trailheads and parks.
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C. BMPs Applicable to Individual Priority Project Categories
Where identified in Table 1, the following requirements shall be incorporated into
applicable priority projects. Projects shall adhere to each of the individual priority
project category requirements that apply to the project (e.g., a restaurant with more than
15 parking spaces would be required to incorporate the requirements for "h. Parking
Areas" into the project design).
a. Private Roads
15. The design of private roadway drainage where appropriate, shall incorporate, to
the extent practicable, (1) rural swale system- street sheet flows to vegetated
swale or gravel shoulder, curbs at street corners, culverts under driveways and
street crossings; (2) urban curb/swale system- street slopes to curb, periodic swale
inlets drain to vegetated swale/biofilter; or (3) dual drainage system- first flush
captured in street catch basins and discharged to adjacent vegetated swale or
gravel shoulder, (4) other treatment control BMP methods approved by the City
Engineer to reduce storm water runoff pollution.
b. Residential Driveways & Guest Parking
16. Driveways shall have, to the extent practicable, one of the following: (1) shared
access; (2) flared entrance (single lane at street); (3) wheelstrips (paving only
under tires); or (4) designed to drain into landscaping prior to discharging to the
storm water conveyance system.
17. Uncovered temporary or guest parking on private residential lots shall be, to the
extent practicable,: (1) paved with a permeable surface; or (2) designed to drain
into landscaping prior to discharging to the storm water conveyance system.
c. Dock Areas
18. Loading/unloading dock areas shall include the following: (1) cover loading dock
areas, or design drainage to preclude urban run-on and runoff; and (2) Direct
connections to storm drains from depressed loading docks (truck wells) are
prohibited.
d. Maintenance Bays
19. Maintenance bays shall include at least one of the following: (1) repair/
maintenance bays shall be indoors; or, (2) designed to preclude urban run-on and
runoff.
20. Maintenance bays shall include a repair/maintenance bay drainage system to
capture all wash water, leaks and spills. Connect drains to a sump for collection
and disposal. Direct connection of the repair/maintenance bays to the storm water
conveyance system is prohibited. Where areas are allowed to connect to the
sanitary sewer system, an Industrial Waste Permit from the Encina Water Pollution
Control Facility may be required.
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e. & f. Vehicle & Equipment Wash Areas
21. Areas for washing/steam cleaning of vehicles and areas for outdoor
equipment/accessory washing and steam cleaning shall be: (1) self-contained to
preclude run-on and run-off, covered with a roof or overhang, and equipped with a
clarifier or other pretreatment facility; and (2) properly connected to a sanitary
sewer if appropriate. Where areas are connected to a sanitary sewer, an Industrial
Waste Permit may be required from the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility.
g. Outdoor Processing Areas
22. Outdoor processing areas shall: (1) cover or enclose areas that would be the most
significant source of pollutants; or, (2) slope the area toward a dead-end sump or,
(3) discharge to the sanitary sewer system
23. Grade or berm processing area to prevent run-on from surrounding areas.
24. Installation of storm drains in areas of equipment repair is prohibited.
h. Surface Parking Areas
25. Where landscaping is proposed in surface parking areas (both covered and
uncovered), incorporate landscape areas into the drainage design.
26. Overflow parking (parking in excess of the project's minimum parking
requirements) may be constructed with permeable paving subject to the City
Engineer’s approval.
i. Non-Retail Fueling Areas
Non-Retail fueling areas shall be designed with the following:
27. Fuel dispensing area that is: (1) paved with Portland cement concrete or equivalent
smooth impervious surface (asphalt concrete is prohibited); (2) designed to extend
6.5 feet from the corner of each fuel dispenser, or the length at which the hose and
nozzle assembly may be operated plus 1 foot, whichever is greater; (3) sloped to
prevent ponding; (4) separated from the rest of the site by a grade break that
prevents run-on of urban runoff; and (5) designed to drain to the project's treatment
control BMP(s) prior to discharging to the storm water conveyance system.
28. Overhanging roof structure or canopy that is: (1) equal to or greater than the area
within the fuel dispensing area's grade break; and (2) designed not to drain onto or
across the fuel dispensing area.
j. Hillside Landscaping
29. Hillside areas disturbed by project development shall be landscaped with deep-
rooted, drought tolerant plant species selected for erosion control, in accordance
with the with the Carlsbad Landscape Manual.
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D. Treatment Control BMPs
30. Where identified in Table 1, and after site design and source control BMPs have
been incorporated into the project, applicants of priority projects shall design a
single or combination of treatment control BMPs designed to infiltrate, filter, and/or
treat runoff from the project footprint to one of the “Numeric Sizing Treatment
Standards” listed in Table 3, below. Applicants must use the Structural Treatment
BMP Selection Procedure outlined in Section III.2.D.i, below to select appropriate
treatment control BMPs. Applicants are encouraged to design projects so that
runoff is treated by site design BMPs, such as rooftop runoff treated in
landscaping, so that it may be applied towards the numeric sizing treatment
standards, satisfactory to the City Engineer. In addition, applicants are
encouraged to apply a “drainage basin approach” in meeting the treatment
requirements. Treating entire hydrologic sub-drainages, which often extend off-
site, is an equitable, environmentally sound regional solution that applies treatment
requirements to hydrologically defined areas, rather than legally defined parcels.
When integrated with other projects, this approach can provide a more efficient
and cost effective method of treatment by locating fewer, more effective BMPs to
treat entire sub-drainages once. In all instances, structural treatment BMP(s) may
be located on- or off-site, used singly or in combination, or shared by multiple new
developments, pursuant to the following criteria:
(a) All structural treatment control BMPs shall infiltrate, filter, and/or treat the
required runoff volume or flow prior to discharging to any receiving water body
supporting beneficial uses;
(b) Multiple post-construction structural treatment control BMPs for a single priority
project shall collectively be designed to comply with the numeric sizing treatment
standards;
(c) Shared BMPs shall be operational prior to the use of any dependent
development or phase of development. The shared BMPs shall only be required to
treat the dependent developments or phases of development that are in use;
(d) Interim storm water BMPs that provide equivalent or greater treatment than is
required may be implemented by a dependent development until each shared BMP
is operational. If interim BMPs are selected, the BMPs shall remain in use until
permanent BMPs are operational.
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Table 3. Numeric Sizing Treatment Standards.
Volume
1. Volume-based BMPs shall be designed to mitigate (infiltrate, filter, or treat) the volume of runoff
produced from a 24-hour 85th percentile storm event, as determined from isopluvial maps
contained in the County of San Diego Hydrology Manual.
OR
Flow
2. Flow-based BMPs shall be designed to mitigate (infiltrate, filter, or treat) the maximum flow rate
of runoff produced from a rainfall intensity of 0.2 inch of rainfall per hour for each hour of a storm
event.
i. Structural Treatment BMP Selection Procedure
Priority projects shall select a single or combination of treatment BMPs from the
categories in Table 4 that maximize pollutant removal for the particular pollutant(s) of
concern. Any pollutants the project is expected to generate that are also causing a
Clean Water Act section 303(d) impairment of the downstream receiving waters of the
project should be given top priority in selecting treatment BMPs.
To select a structural treatment BMP using the Structural Treatment Control BMP
Selection Matrix (Table 4), each priority project shall compare the list of pollutants for
which the downstream receiving waters are impaired (if any). According to the 1998
303(d) listing, the Agua Hedionda Lagoon is impaired for sediment and siltation. Buena
Vista Lagoon also has impaired beneficial uses (aquatic life) due to high
sedimentation/siltation. Portions of Carlsbad where construction sites have the potential
to discharge into a tributary of a 303(d) or directly into a 303(d) water body or sites
located within 200 feet of an ESA require additional BMP implementation. These water
bodies include the Pacific Ocean, Buena Vista Lagoon, Encinas Creek, Agua Hedionda
Lagoon, and Batiquitos Lagoon.
Priority projects that are not anticipated to generate a pollutant for which the receiving
water is Clean Water Act Section 303(d) impaired shall select a single or combination of
structural treatment BMPs from Table 4 that are effective for pollutant removal of the
identified pollutants of concern determined to be most significant for the project.
Selected BMPs must be effective for the widest range of pollutants of concern
anticipated to be generated by a priority project (as identified in Table 1).
Alternative storm water BMPs not identified in Table 4 may be approved at the
discretion of the City Engineer, provided the alternative BMP is as effective in removal
of pollutants of concern as other feasible BMPs listed in Table 4.
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Table 4. Structural Treatment Control BMP Selection Matrix.
Pollutant of Concern Treatment Control BMP Categories
Biofilters Detention
Basins
Infiltration
Basins(1)
Wet Ponds or
Wetlands
Drainage
Inserts
Filtration Hydrodynamic
Separator Systems(2)
Sediment M H H H L H M
Nutrients L M M M L M L
Heavy Metals M M M H L H L
Organic Compounds U U U U L M L
Trash & Debris L H U U M H M
Oxygen Demanding
Substances L M M M L M L
Bacteria U U H U L M L
Oil & Grease M M U U L H L
Pesticides U U U U L U L
(1) Including trenches and porous pavement.
(2) Also known as hydrodynamic devices and baffle boxes.
L: Low removal efficiency
M: Medium removal efficiency
H: High removal efficiency
U: Unknown removal efficiency
Sources: Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Sources of Nonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters (1993), National
Stormwater Best Management Practices Database (2001), and Guide for BMP Selection in Urban Developed Areas (2001).
ii. Restrictions on the Use of Infiltration Treatment BMPs
31. Treatment control BMPs that are designed to primarily function as infiltration
devices shall meet the following conditions (these conditions do not apply to
treatment BMPs which allow incidental infiltration and are not designed to primarily
function as infiltration devices, such as grassy swales, detention basins, vegetated
buffer strips, constructed wetlands, etc.): (1) urban runoff from commercial
developments shall undergo pretreatment to remove both physical and chemical
contaminants, such as sedimentation or filtration, prior to infiltration; (2) all dry
weather flows shall be diverted from infiltration devices except for those non-storm
water discharges authorized pursuant to 40 CFR 122.26(d)(2)(iv)(B)(1): diverted
stream flows, rising ground waters, uncontaminated ground water infiltration [as
defined at 40 CFR 35.2005(20)] to storm water conveyance systems,
uncontaminated pumped ground water, foundation drains, springs, water from
crawl space pumps, footing drains, air conditioning condensation, flow from
riparian habitats and wetlands, water line flushing, landscape irrigation, discharges
from potable water sources other than water main breaks, irrigation water,
individual residential car washing, and dechlorinated swimming pool discharges;
(3) pollution prevention and source control BMPs shall be implemented at a level
appropriate to protect groundwater quality at sites where infiltration structural
treatment BMPs are to be used; (4) the vertical distance from the base of any
infiltration structural treatment BMP to the seasonal high groundwater mark shall
be at least 10 feet. Where groundwater does not support beneficial uses, this
vertical distance criterion may be reduced, provided groundwater quality is
maintained; (5) the soil through which infiltration is to occur shall have physical and
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chemical characteristics that are adequate for proper infiltration durations and
treatment of urban runoff for the protection of groundwater beneficial uses; (6) the
horizontal distance between the base of any infiltration structural BMP and any
water supply wells shall be 100 feet or as determined appropriate by the City
Engineer.
32. Notification to neighboring jurisdictions may be required where staff determines the
infiltration BMP(s) may impact the groundwater in a neighboring jurisdiction.
Structural Treatment Limited Exclusions
(a.) Proposed restaurants, where the land area for development or redevelopment is
less than 5,000 square feet, are excluded from the numerical sizing criteria
requirements listed in Table 3.
(b.) Where significant redevelopment results in an increase of less than 50 percent of
the impervious surfaces of a previously existing development, and the existing
development was not subject to priority project requirements, the numeric sizing criteria
apply only to the addition, and not to the entire development.
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IV. CONSTRUCTION STORM WATER BMP PERFORMANCE STANDARDS
Those projects that have been determined to require construction BMPs in Steps 1 and
2 of Section II, must identify the construction BMPs to be implemented in accordance
with the performance standards in this section. The construction BMPs must be
identified in a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan or Water Pollution Control Plan for
projects disturbing more than 1-acre. These plans must be prepared in accordance with
the guidelines in Appendix E.
It is the responsibility of the property owner and/or contractor to select, install and
maintain appropriate BMPs. A list of construction BMPs is provided for reference in
Appendix F. BMPs must be installed in accordance with an industry recommended
standard or in accordance with the requirements of the State General Construction
Permit. More information about BMPs is provided in the Model Construction Program
for San Diego Copermittees, the City of Los Angeles “Reference Guide for Stormwater
Best Management Practices,” State Storm Water BMP Manuals, and Caltrans Standard
BMP handbook.
BMP requirements differ between the rainy season(Oct. 1 – Apr. 30) and the dry season
(May 1 – Sept. 30), the type of the project and topography of the site, as described
below.
1. Site Management Requirements
Construction is a dynamic operation where changes are expected. Storm water BMPs
for construction sites are usually temporary measures that require frequent
maintenance to maintain their effectiveness and may require relocation, revision and re-
installation, particularly as project grading progresses. Therefore, owner/contractor self-
inspections are required. They shall be performed by the owner’s/contractor’s Qualified
Contact Person specifically trained in storm water pollution prevention site management
and storm water BMPs, including the installation and maintenance of sediment and
erosion control measures. Additional qualified persons may assist with the inspection
activities under the direction of the Qualified Contact Person. A Qualified Contact
Person is required for all sites during both wet and dry weather conditions.
There are four primary purposes of the self-inspections conducted by owners and
contractors:
• To ensure that the owners/contractors take full responsibility for managing storm
water pollution caused by their activities.
• To ensure that storm water BMPs are properly documented and implemented
and are functioning effectively.
• To identify maintenance (e.g., sediment removal) and repair needs.
• To ensure that the project proponents implement their storm water management
plans.
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A self-inspection checklist, noting date, time, conditions and inspection date, must be
kept on-site and made available for inspection, if requested. Self-inspections must be
performed by a Qualified Contact Person according to the following schedule:
• Daily weather forecasting at all times
• At 24-hour intervals during extended rainfall events
• Daily evaluations as earth moving/grading is being conducted during the wet
season
• Weekly (every 7 days) in the dry season as earth moving/grading is progressing
• Self inspection checklists shall be submitted to the project inspector on a weekly
basis during the rainy season.
Storm water pollution prevention site management requirements include:
A. A qualified person who is trained and competent in the use of BMPs shall be
on site daily, although not necessarily full time, to evaluate the conditions of
the site with respect to storm water pollution prevention. This qualified
contact person shall represent the contractor/ owner on storm water issues.
B. The qualified person shall implement the conditions of the Storm Water
Pollution Prevention Plan, contract documents and/or local ordinances with
respect to erosion and sediment control and other waste management
regulations.
C. The qualified person is responsible for monitoring the weather and
implementation of any emergency plans as needed. The weather shall be
monitored on a 5-day forecast plan and a full BMP protection plan shall be
activated when there is a 40% chance of rain.
D. The qualified person is responsible for overseeing any site grading and
operations and evaluating the effectiveness of the BMPs. This person shall
modify the BMPs as necessary to keep the dynamics of the site in
compliance. This person or other qualified persons are responsible for
checking the BMPs routinely for maintenance and documenting the BMPs
being implemented.
2. Performance Standards
The City of Carlsbad will evaluate the adequacy of the owner’s/contractor’s site
management for storm water pollution prevention, inclusive of BMP implementation, on
construction sites based on performance standards for storm water BMPs. Poor BMP
practices shall be challenged. Performance standards shall include:
A. Prevent increase in pollution to the maximum extent practicable.
B. Minimize slope erosion.
C. Control discharge velocities moving offsite to limit down stream erosion potential
to the pre-construction levels. .
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A site will be considered inactive if construction activities have ceased for a period of 7
or more consecutive calendar days. At any time of year, an inactive site must be fully
protected from erosion and discharges of sediment. It is also the owner’s/contractor’s
responsibility at both active and inactive sites to implement a plan to address all
potential non-storm water discharges.
Regardless of any inspections conducted by the City, property owners or contractors
are required to prevent any construction-related materials, trash, wastes, spills or
residues from entering a storm water conveyance system.
3. Seasonal Requirements
A. Dry Season Requirements (May 1 through September 30):
1. Perimeter protection BMPs must be installed and maintained to comply with
performance standards (above).
2. Sediment control BMPs must be installed and maintained to comply with
performance standards (above).
3. BMPs to control sediment tracking must be installed and maintained at
entrances/exits to comply with performance standards (above).
4. Material needed to install standby BMP's necessary to completely protect the
exposed portions of the site from erosion, and to prevent sediment discharges,
must be stored on site Areas that have already been protected from erosion
using physical stabilization or established vegetation stabilization BMP's as
described below are not considered to be “exposed” for purposes of this
requirement.
5. The owner/contractor must have an approved “weather triggered” action plan and
have the ability to deploy standby BMPs as needed to completely protect the
exposed portions of the site within 24 hours of prediction of a storm event (a
predicted storm event is defined as a forecasted, 40% chance of rain). On
request, the owner/contractor must provide proof of this capability that is
acceptable to the City of Carlsbad.
6. Deployment of physical or vegetation erosion control BMP’s must commence as
soon as grading and/or excavation is completed for any portion of the site. The
project proponent may not continue to rely on the ability to deploy standby BMP
materials to prevent erosion of graded areas that have been completed.
7. The area that can be cleared or graded and left exposed at one time is limited to
the amount of acreage that the owner/contractor can adequately protect prior to a
predicted rainstorm.
Requirement “7” will require grading to be phased at larger sites. For example, it
may be necessary to deploy erosion and sediment control BMPs in areas that are
not completed but are not actively being worked before additional grading is done.
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B. Rainy Season Requirements (October 1 through April 30):
1. Perimeter protection BMPs must be installed and maintained to comply with
performance standards (above).
2. Sediment control BMPs must be installed and maintained to comply with
performance standards (above).
3. BMPs to control sediment tracking must be installed and maintained at site
entrances/exits to comply with performance standards (above).
4. Material needed to install standby BMPs necessary to completely protect the
exposed portions of the site from erosion, and to prevent sediment discharges,
must be stored on site. Areas that have already been protected from erosion
using physical stabilization or established vegetation stabilization BMPs as
described below are not considered to be “exposed” for purposes of this
requirement.
5. The owner/contractor must have an approved “weather triggered” action plan and
have the ability to deploy standby BMPs as needed to completely protect the
exposed portions of the site within 24 hours of prediction of a storm event (a
predicted storm event is defined as a forecasted, 40% chance of rain). On
request, the owner/contractor must provide proof of this capability that is
acceptable to the City of Carlsbad.
6. Deployment of physical or vegetation erosion control BMPs must commence as
soon as grading and/or excavation is completed for any portion of the site. The
owner/contractor may not continue to rely on the ability to deploy standby BMP
materials to prevent erosion of graded areas that have been completed.
7. The area that can be cleared or graded and left exposed at one time is limited to
the amount of acreage that the owner/contractor can adequately protect prior to a
predicted rainstorm.
8. Erosion control BMPs must be upgraded if necessary to provide sufficient
protection for storms likely to occur during the rainy season.
9. Perimeter protection and sediment control BMPs must be upgraded if necessary
to provide sufficient protection for storms likely to occur during the rainy season.
10. Adequate physical or vegetation erosion control BMPs must be installed and
established for all graded areas prior to the start of the rainy season. These
BMPs must be maintained throughout the rainy season. If a selected BMP fails, it
must be repaired and improved, or replaced with an acceptable alternate as soon
as it is safe to do so. The failure of a BMP shows that the BMP, as installed, was
not adequate for the circumstances in which it was used and shall be corrected
or modified as necessary. Repairs or replacements must therefore put a more
effective BMP in place.
11. All vegetation erosion control must be established prior to the rainy season to be
considered as a BMP.
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V. IMPLEMENTATION & MAINTENANCE OF REQUIREMENTS
After all project BMPs have been approved by the City Engineer, applicants and City
project managers must ensure implementation and maintenance of the BMPs according
to the processes outlined in the applicable sections for projects requesting discretionary
actions, construction permits, or for public projects. In addition, any project that will
require a “General NPDES Permit for Storm Water Discharges Associated with
Industrial Activities,” shall include the following note on the plans and condition in the
permit/approval:
Industrial NPDES Permit Requirement
“The Permittee or designee (or contractor for public projects) shall provide evidence of
coverage under the General Industrial National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System
Permit, in the form of a Notice of Intent (NOI) filed with the State Water Resources
Control Board, prior to the issuance of any construction permits.”
1. Discretionary Actions
A. Permanent BMP Requirements. Applicants proposing projects that include
permanent BMPs shall enter into a maintenance agreement, satisfactory to the
City, following the program outlined in the “Permanent Storm Water BMP
Maintenance Agreement Requirements” below, prior to the issuance of any
permits or approvals. The permanent BMPs shall be graphically shown on the
plans, where possible, and made a condition of the project’s permit/approval.
The permanent BMP’s operation and maintenance requirements (O & M plan
discussed below) shall also be noted on the plans and made a condition of the
project’s permit/approval.
B. Construction BMP Requirements. Projects seeking discretionary approvals are
not required to graphically demonstrate any construction BMP requirements on
the project plans. Instead, the discretionary action shall be conditioned to
provide BMP’s in accordance with the City’s Storm Water Standards.
2. Construction Permits
A. Construction Permits for Projects Under 1 Acre. Projects proposing to disturb
less than 1 acre during construction shall include construction requirements,
where possible, on the plans. Any remaining construction BMPs that cannot be
shown graphically on the plans shall be either noted on, or stapled to, the plans
(Water Pollution Control Plan) and made a condition of the permit. The project’s
construction priority ranking (see Appendix E) must also be noted on the
construction plans. Applicants proposing projects that include permanent BMPs
must prepare (if not already prepared as part of a previous permit or approval),
and execute a maintenance agreement, prepared satisfactory to the City,
following the program outlined below prior to the issuance of any construction
permits. The permanent BMPs shall be graphically shown on the plans, where
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possible, and made a condition of the project’s permit/approval. The permanent
BMP’s operation and maintenance requirements (O & M plan discussed below)
shall also be noted on the plans and made a condition of the project’s
permit/approval.
B. Construction Permits for Projects Over 1 Acre. Projects proposing to disturb
more than 1 acre during construction shall include all construction BMPs in
a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan, prepared in accordance with
Appendix E, “Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan Guidelines.”
The construction BMPs shall also be shown on the plans, where possible.
Any remaining construction BMPs that cannot be shown graphically on the plans
shall be either noted or stapled to the plans and made a condition of the permit.
The project’s construction priority ranking (see Appendix A) must also be noted
on the construction plans. Applicants proposing projects that include permanent
BMPs must prepare (if not already prepared as part of a previous permit or
approval), and execute a maintenance agreement, prepared satisfactory to the
City, following the program outlined below prior to the issuance of any
construction permits. The permanent BMPs shall be graphically shown on the
plans, where possible, and made a condition of the project’s permit/approval.
The permanent BMP’s operation and maintenance requirements (O & M plan
discussed below) shall also be noted on the plans and made a condition of the
project’s permit/approval.
3. Public Projects
Construction and Permanent storm water requirements must be incorporated into the
project design and described in the contract documents (plans and specifications) prior
to bidding for construction contracts, or equivalent. In addition, the permanent BMP’s
maintenance requirements shall also be noted on the plans and/or specifications and
made a condition of the project’s permit/approval. Project Managers should utilize the
standard boiler specification and expound upon any project specific requirements.
For projects disturbing over 1 acre, City project managers must include the requirement
for the preparation of a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan in the contract
documents to be sent out to bid. The contract documents must also include the
requirement for the contractor to periodically update the Storm Water Pollution
Prevention Plan throughout the construction phase of the project.
For projects disturbing less than 1 acre, City projects shall have a specific Water
Pollution Control Plan developed to identify construction BMP requirements prior to
sending the public project contracts out to bid. The contract documents shall include a
requirement for the contractor to update the Water Pollution Control Plan throughout the
construction phase of the project.
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4. Permanent BMP Maintenance Agreement Requirements
Applicants shall propose a maintenance agreement assuring all permanent BMPs will
be maintained throughout the “use” of a project site, satisfactory to the City Engineer
(see Appendix H for a list of potential mechanisms). The City-approved method of
permanent BMP maintenance shall be incorporated into the project's construction
permit, and shall be consistent with permits issued by resource agencies, before City
approval of the permit.
City project managers carrying out public projects that are not required to obtain permits
shall be responsible for ensuring that a client department-approved method of storm
water BMP maintenance, repair and replacement is executed prior to the
commencement of construction.
For all properties, the verification mechanism will include the project proponent's signed
statement, as part of the project application, accepting responsibility for all permanent
BMP maintenance, repair and replacement.
The maintenance agreement shall include the following:
1. Operation & Maintenance (O&M) Plan: The applicant shall include an Operation
& Maintenance (O&M) plan, prepared satisfactory to the City, with the approved
maintenance agreement, which describes the designated responsible party to
manage the storm water BMP(s), employee's training program and duties, operating
schedule, maintenance frequency, routine service schedule, specific maintenance
activities (including maintenance of storm water conveyance system stamps), copies
of resource agency permits, and any other necessary activities. At a minimum,
maintenance agreements shall require the applicant to provide inspection and
servicing of all permanent treatment BMPs on an annual basis. The project
proponent or City-approved maintenance entity shall complete and maintain O&M
forms to document all maintenance requirements. Parties responsible for the O&M
plan shall retain records for at least 5 years. These documents shall be made
available to the City for inspection upon request at any time.
2. Access Easement/Agreement: If a permanent BMP requires access for
maintenance, as part of the O&M plan , the applicant shall execute and record an
access easement or agreement that shall be binding on the under lying land
throughout the life of the project in favor of the party responsible for maintenance,
until such time that the permanent treatment BMP requiring access for maintenance
is removed or replaced. The City shall approve any changes to permanent BMP’s,
O&M Plans or access agreements. The agreement shall include a provision that
gives the City the right, but not the obligation to perform the maintenance. The party
responsible for BMP maintenance will pay the City for any and all costs incurred by
the City for maintaining any BMP’s. The agreement will provide a cost recovery
provision in favor of the City satisfactory to the City Attorney.
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VI. RESOURCES & REFERENCES
APPENDIX A
STORM WATER REQUIREMENTS APPLICABILITY CHECKLIST
Complete Sections 1 and 2 of the following checklist to determine your project’s
permanent and construction storm water best management practices requirements.
This form must be completed and submitted with your permit application.
Section 1. Permanent Storm Water BMP Requirements:
If any answers to Part A are answered “Yes,” your project is subject to the “Priority
Project Permanent Storm Water BMP Requirements,” and “Standard Permanent Storm
Water BMP Requirements” in Section III, “Permanent Storm Water BMP Selection
Procedure” in the Storm Water Standards manual.
If all answers to Part A are “No,” and any answers to Part B are “Yes,” your project is
only subject to the “Standard Permanent Storm Water BMP Requirements”. If every
question in Part A and B is answered “No,” your project is exempt from permanent
storm water requirements.
Part A: Determine Priority Project Permanent Storm Water BMP Requirements.
Does the project meet the definition of one or more of the priority project
categories?* Yes No
1. Detached residential development of 10 or more units
2. Attached residential development of 10 or more units
3. Commercial development greater than 100,000 square feet
4. Automotive repair shop
5. Restaurant
6. Steep hillside development greater than 5,000 square feet
7. Project discharging to receiving waters within Environmentally Sensitive Areas
8. Parking lots greater than or equal to 5,000 ft2 or with at least 15 parking spaces, and
potentially exposed to urban runoff
9. Streets, roads, highways, and freeways which would create a new paved surface that is
5,000 square feet or greater
* Refer to the definitions section in the Storm Water Standards for expanded definitions of the priority
project categories.
Limited Exclusion: Trenching and resurfacing work associated with utility projects are not considered
priority projects. Parking lots, buildings and other structures associated with utility projects are
priority projects if one or more of the criteria in Part A is met. If all answers to Part A are “No”,
continue to Part B.
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Part B: Determine Standard Permanent Storm Water Requirements.
Does the project propose: Yes No
1. New impervious areas, such as rooftops, roads, parking lots, driveways, paths and
sidewalks?
2. New pervious landscape areas and irrigation systems?
3. Permanent structures within 100 feet of any natural water body?
4. Trash storage areas?
5. Liquid or solid material loading and unloading areas?
6. Vehicle or equipment fueling, washing, or maintenance areas?
7. Require a General NPDES Permit for Storm Water Discharges Associated with
Industrial Activities (Except construction)?*
8. Commercial or industrial waste handling or storage, excluding typical office or
household waste?
9. Any grading or ground disturbance during construction?
10. Any new storm drains, or alteration to existing storm drains?
*To find out if your project is required to obtain an individual General NPDES Permit for Storm Water
Discharges Associated with Industrial Activities, visit the State Water Resources Control Board web site
at, www.swrcb.ca.gov/stormwtr/industrial.html
Section 2. Construction Storm Water BMP Requirements:
If the answer to question 1 of Part C is answered “Yes,” your project is subject to
Section IV, “Construction Storm Water BMP Performance Standards,” and must prepare
a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP). If the answer to question 1 is “No,”
but the answer to any of the remaining questions is “Yes,” your project is subject to
Section IV, “Construction Storm Water BMP Performance Standards,” and must prepare
a Water Pollution Control Plan (WPCP). If every question in Part C is answered “No,”
your project is exempt from any construction storm water BMP requirements. If any of
the answers to the questions in Part C are “Yes,” complete the construction site
prioritization in Part D, below.
Part C: Determine Construction Phase Storm Water Requirements.
Would the project meet any of these criteria during construction? Yes No
1. Is the project subject to California’s statewide General NPDES Permit for Storm Water
Discharges Associated With Construction Activities?
2. Does the project propose grading or soil disturbance?
3. Would storm water or urban runoff have the potential to contact any portion of the
construction area, including washing and staging areas?
4. Would the project use any construction materials that could negatively affect water
quality if discharged from the site (such as, paints, solvents, concrete, and
stucco)?
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Part D: Determine Construction Site Priority
In accordance with the Municipal Permit, each construction site with construction storm
water BMP requirements must be designated with a priority: high, medium or low. This prioritization must be completed with this form, noted on the plans, and included in
the SWPPP or WPCP. Indicate the project’s priority in one of the check boxes using the criteria below, and existing and surrounding conditions of the project, the type of activities necessary to complete the construction and any other extenuating
circumstances that may pose a threat to water quality. The City reserves the right to adjust the priority of the projects both before and during construction. [Note:
The construction priority does NOT change construction BMP requirements that apply to projects; all construction BMP requirements must be identified on a case-by-case
basis. The construction priority does affect the frequency of inspections that will be
conducted by City staff. See Section IV.1 for more details on construction BMP requirements.]
❑ A) High Priority
1) Projects where the site is 50 acres or more and grading will occur during the
rainy season
2) Projects 5 acres or more. 3) Projects 5 acres or more within or directly
adjacent to or discharging directly to a coastal lagoon or other receiving water
within an environmentally sensitive area
Projects, active or inactive, adjacent or tributary to sensitive water bodies
❑ B) Medium Priority
1) Capital Improvement Projects where grading occurs, however a Storm Water
Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) is not required under the State General
Construction Permit (i.e., water and sewer replacement projects, intersection
and street re-alignments, widening, comfort stations, etc.)
2) Permit projects in the public right-of-way where grading occurs, such as
installation of sidewalk, substantial retaining walls, curb and gutter for an
entire street frontage, etc. , however SWPPPs are not required.
3) Permit projects on private property where grading permits are required,
however, Notice Of Intents (NOIs) and SWPPPs are not required.
❑ C) Low Priority
1) Capital Projects where minimal to no grading occurs, such as signal light and
loop installations, street light installations, etc.
2) Permit projects in the public right-of-way where minimal to no grading occurs,
such as pedestrian ramps, driveway additions, small retaining walls, etc.
3) Permit projects on private property where grading permits are not required,
such as small retaining walls, single-family homes, small tenant
improvements, etc.
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APPENDIX B
DRAFT
ENVIRONMENTALLY SENSITIVE AREAS WITHIN THE CITY OF CARLSBAD
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APPENDIX C
EXAMPLE PERMANENT STORM WATER BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
The following are a list of BMPs that may be used to minimize the introduction of
pollutants of concern that may result in significant impacts to receiving waters. Other
BMPs approved by the Development Services Division as being equal or more effective
in pollutant reduction than comparable BMPs identified below are acceptable. All BMPs
must comply with local zoning and building codes and other applicable regulations.
Site Design BMPs
Minimizing Impervious Areas Consistent With City Standards, Ordinances and Policies
- Incorporate landscaped buffer areas between sidewalks and streets.
- Design residential streets for the required pavement widths
- Minimize the number of residential street cul-de-sacs and incorporate landscaped
areas to reduce their impervious cover.
- Use open space development that incorporates smaller lot sizes
- Increase building density while decreasing the building footprint
- Reduce overall lot imperviousness by promoting alternative driveway surfaces and
shared driveways that connect two or more homes together
- Reduce overall imperviousness associated with parking lots by providing compact
car spaces, minimizing stall dimensions, incorporating efficient parking lanes, and
using pervious materials in spillover parking areas
Increase Rainfall Infiltration
- Use permeable materials for private sidewalks, driveways, parking lots, and interior
roadway surfaces (examples: hybrid lots, parking groves, permeable overflow
parking, etc.) to the extent practicable consistent with City standards.
- Direct rooftop runoff to pervious areas such as yards, open channels, or vegetated
areas, and avoid routing rooftop runoff to the roadway or the urban runoff
conveyance system to the extent practicable consistent with City standards.
Maximize Rainfall Interception
- Maximizing canopy interception and water conservation by preserving existing native
trees and shrubs, and planting additional native or drought tolerant trees and large
shrubs. to the extent practicable consistent with City Landscape Manual.
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Minimize Directly Connected Impervious Areas (DCIAs)
- Draining rooftops into adjacent landscaping prior to discharging to the storm water
conveyance system to the extent practicable consistent with City standards
- Draining parking lots into landscape areas co-designed as biofiltration areas to the
extent practicable consistent with City standards
- Draining roads, sidewalks, and impervious trails into adjacent landscaping to the
extent practicable consistent with City standards
Use of natural drainage systems to the maximum extent practicable
- Stabilized permanent channel crossings
- Planting native or drought tolerant vegetation on slopes to the extent practicable
consistent with City Landscape Manual.
Maximize Rainfall Interception
- Cisterns
- Foundation planting
Increase Rainfall Infiltration
- Dry wells
Source Control BMPs
- Storm water conveyance system stenciling and signage
- Outdoor material and trash storage area designed to reduce or control rainfall runoff
- Efficient irrigation system
Treatment Control BMPs
Biofilters
- Grass swale
- Grass strip
- Wetland vegetation swale
- Bioretention
Detention Basins
- Extended/dry detention basin with vegetated lining
- Extended/dry detention basin with impervious lining
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Infiltration
- Infiltration basin
- Infiltration trench
Pervious Paving
- Porous asphalt
- Porous concrete
- Porous modular concrete block
Wet Ponds and Wetlands
- Wet pond (permanent pool)
- Constructed wetland
Drainage Inserts
- Catch basin/storm drain inserts
- Catch basin screens
Filtration Systems
- Media filtration
- Sand filtration
Hydrodynamic Separation Systems
- Swirl concentrator
- Cyclone separator
- Baffle boxes
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APPENDIX D
WATER QUALITY TECHNICAL REPORT GUIDELINES
Purpose
To describe the permanent storm water Best Management Practices (BMPs) that will be
incorporated in the project to mitigate the impacts of urban runoff due to the
development.
Minimum Requirements
Prepared by Registered Civil Engineer
Organization & Content
Table of Contents
Vicinity Map
Project Description
Narrative of project activities
Site Map
Entire property included on one map (use key map if multi-sheets)
Drainage areas and direction of flow
Private storm drain system(s)
Nearby water bodies and municipal storm drain inlets
Location of storm water conveyance systems (ditches, inlets, storm drains, etc.)
Location of existing and proposed storm water controls
Location of “impervious” areas- paved areas, buildings, covered areas
Locations where materials would be directly exposed to storm water
Location of building and activity areas (e.g. fueling islands, garages, waste
container area, wash racks, hazardous material storage areas, etc.)
Areas of potential soil erosion (including areas downstream of project)
Pollutants and Conditions of Concern
Name and number of Carlsbad Watershed Hydrological UnitImpaired water
bodies downstream of the project and impairment
Impacts to hydrologic regime
Pollutants based upon land use
Types of BMPs:
Site Design BMPs
Reduce impervious surfaces
Conserve natural areas
Minimize directly connected impervious areas
Protect slopes and channels
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Source Control BMPs
Inlet stenciling and signage
Materials Storage
Trash storage
Efficient irrigation
Other controls (as applicable)
Structural Treatment BMPs
Basis for selection (include targeted pollutants, justification, and alternative
analysis)
Design criteria (include calculations)
Pollutant removal information (other than vendor specifications)
Literature References
Maintenance (i.e. identify the responsible parties who will implement the Best
Management Practices)
Maintenance schedule
Maintenance Costs
Qualifications of maintenance personnel
Drainage Study
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APPENDIX E
STORM WATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PLAN/WATER POLLUTION CONTROL
PLAN GUIDELINES
At a minimum, the Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) or Water Pollution
Control Plan (WPCP), whichever is required, must cover the areas listed below. The
SWPPP must be kept on site and made available upon request of a representative of
the City of Carlsbad. Projects that are also required to obtain a general construction
National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) Permit are encouraged to
visit the State Water Resource Control Board’s website for permit application
instructions, NOI and NOT forms and guidance in preparing a Storm Water Pollution
Prevention Plan (go to: www.swrcb.ca.gov/stormwtr/docs/constpermit).
Planning and Organization
• Identify the pollution prevention team members who will maintain and implement
the SWPPP.
• If applicable, incorporate or reference the appropriate elements of other
regulatory requirements.
Site Map
Features displayed on the map must include:
• An outline of the entire property
• Drainage areas on the property and direction of flow
• Areas of soil erosion
• Nearby water bodies and municipal storm drain inlets
• Location of storm water conveyance systems (ditches, inlets, storm drains, etc.)
• Location of existing storm water controls (oil/ water separators, sumps, etc.)
• Location of “impervious” areas- paved areas, buildings, covered areas
• Locations where materials are directly exposed to storm water
• Locations where toxic or hazardous materials have spilled in the past
• Location of building and activity areas (e.g. fueling islands, garages, waste
container area, wash racks, hazardous material storage areas, etc.)
List of Significant Materials
List materials stored and handled at the site. Include the location and typical quantities.
Description of Potential Pollutant Sources
• Provide a narrative description of the site’s activities and list the potential
pollutant sources and the potential pollutants that could be discharged in storm
water discharges from each activity.
• List non-storm water discharges including the source, quantity, frequency, and
characteristics of the discharges and drainage area.
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Assessment of Potential Sources
Describe which activities are likely to be sources of pollution in storm water and which
pollutants are likely to be present in storm water discharges.
Best Management Practices
Describe the BMPs that will be implemented at the site for each potential pollutant and
its source.
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APPENDIX F
EXAMPLE CONSTRUCTION BEST MANAGEMENT PRACTICES
A. Erosion Control
Physical stabilization BMPs, vegetation stabilization BMPs, or both, will be required to
prevent erosion and sediment runoff from exposed graded areas. BMPs for physical
and vegetation stabilization include:
1) Physical Stabilization
a) Geotextiles
b) Mats
c) Fiber rolls
d) Sprayed on binders
e) Mulch on flat areas
f) Other material approved by the City for use in specific circumstances
If physical stabilization is selected, materials must be appropriate to the circumstances
in which they are deployed, and sufficient material must be deployed.
2) Vegetation Stabilization
a) Preservation of existing vegetation
b) Established interim vegetation (via Hydroseed, seeded mats, etc.)
c) Established permanent landscaping
If vegetation stabilization is selected, the stabilizing vegetation must be installed,
irrigated and established (uniform vegetative coverage with 70% coverage established)
prior to October 1. In the event stabilizing vegetation has not been established by
October 1, other forms of physical stabilization must be employed to prevent erosion
until the stabilizing vegetation is established.
B. Sediment Control
2) Perimeter protection. Protect the perimeter of the site or exposed area from
sediment ingress/discharge in sheet flows using:
a) Silt fencing
b) Gravel bag barriers
c) Fiber rolls
3) Resource protection. Protect environmentally sensitive areas, and
watercourses from sediment in sheet flows by using:
a) Silt fencing
b) Gravel bag barriers
c) Fiber rolls
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4) Sediment Capture. Capture sediments in channeled storm water by using:
a) Storm-drain inlet protection measures
b) De-silting basins (Designed in accordance with an industry standard
such as Caltrans, California Storm water BMP manual etc. If the
project is 5 acres or greater the desilting basin(s) must be designed in
accordance with the State General Construction Permit, Order DWQ
99-08.)
5) Velocity Reduction. Reduce the velocity of storm water by using:
a) Outlet protection (energy dissipater)
b) Equalization basins
c) Check dams
6) Off-site Sediment Tracking. Prevent sediment from being tracked off-site by
using:
a) Stabilized construction entrances/exits
b) Construction road stabilization
c) Tracking control (i.e., corrugated steel panels, wheel washes)
d) Dust control
C. Materials Management
7) Prevent the contamination of storm water by wastes through proper
management of the following types of wastes:
a) Solid
b) Sanitary
c) Concrete
d) Hazardous
e) Equipment – related wastes
f) Stock piles (protection from wind and rain)
8) Prevent the contamination of storm water by construction materials by:
a) Covering and/or providing secondary containment of storage areas
b) Taking adequate precautions when handling materials.
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APPENDIX G
SUGGESTED RESOURCES HOW TO GET A COPY
Better Site Design: A Handbook for Changing
Development Rules in Your Community (1998)
Presents guidance for different model development
alternatives.
Center for Watershed Protection
8391 Main Street
Ellicott City, MD 21043
410-461-8323
www.cwp.org
California Urban runoff Best Management
Practices Handbooks (1993) for Construction
Activity, Municipal, and Industrial/Commercial
Presents a description of a large variety of
Structural BMPs, Treatment Control, BMPs and
Source Control BMPs
Los Angeles County Department of Public Works
Cashiers Office
900 S. Fremont Avenue
Alhambra, CA 91803
626-458-6959
Caltrans Urban runoff Quality Handbook: Planning
and Design Staff Guide (Best Management
Practices Handbooks (1998)
Presents guidance for design of urban runoff BMPs
California Department of Transportation
P.O. Box 942874
Sacramento, CA 94274-0001
916-653-2975
Design Manual for Use of Bioretention in
Stormwater Management (1993)
Presents guidance for designing bioretention
facilities.
Prince George’s County
Watershed Protection Branch
9400 Peppercorn Place, Suite 600
Landover, MD 20785
Design of Stormwater Filtering Systems (1996) by
Richard A. Claytor and Thomas R. Schuler
Presents detailed engineering guidance on ten
different urban runoff-filtering systems.
Center for Watershed Protection
8391 Main Street
Ellicott City, MD 21043
410-461-8323
Development Planning for Stormwater
Management, A Manual for the Standard Urban
Stormwater Mitigation Plan (SUSMP), (May 2000)
Los Angeles County
Department of Public Works
http://dpw.co.la.ca.us/epd/ or
http://www.888cleanLA.com
Florida Development Manual: A Guide to Sound
Land and Water Management (1988)
Presents detailed guidance for designing BMPs
Florida Department of the Environment 2600
Blairstone Road, Mail Station 3570
Tallahassee, FL 32399
850-921-9472
Guidance Specifying Management Measures for
Sources of Nonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters
(1993) Report No. EPA–840-B-92-002.
Provides an overview of, planning and design
considerations, programmatic and regulatory
aspects, maintenance considerations, and costs.
National Technical Information Service U.S.
Department of Commerce
Springfield, VA 22161
800-553-6847
Guide for BMP Selection in Urban Developed
Areas (2001)
ASCE Envir. and Water Res. Inst.
1801 Alexander Bell Dr.
Reston, VA 20191-4400
(800) 548-2723
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SUGGESTED RESOURCES HOW TO GET A COPY
Low-Impact Development Design Strategies -
An Integrated Design Approach (June 1999)
Prince George’s County, Maryland
Department of Environmental Resource
Programs and Planning Division
9400 Peppercorn Place
Largo, Maryland 20774
http://www.co.pg.md.us/Government/DER/PPD/pgc
ounty/lidmain.htm
Maryland Stormwater Design Manual (1999)
Presents guidance for designing urban runoff
BMPs
Maryland Department of the Environment
2500 Broening Highway
Baltimore, MD 21224
410-631-3000
National Stormwater Best Management Practices
(BMP) Database, Version 1.0
Provides data on performance and evaluation of
urban runoff BMPs
American Society of Civil Engineers
1801 Alexander Bell Drive
Reston, VA 20191
703-296-6000
National Stormwater Best Management Practices
Database (2001)
Urban Water Resources Research Council of
ASCE
Wright Water Engineers, Inc.
(303) 480-1700
Operation, Maintenance and Management of
Stormwater Management (1997)
Provides a thorough look at storm water practices
including, planning and design considerations,
programmatic and regulatory aspects, maintenance
considerations, and costs.
Watershed Management Institute, Inc.
410 White Oak Drive
Crawfordville, FL 32327
850-926-5310
Potential Groundwater Contamination from
Intentional and Non-Intentional Stormwater
Infiltration
Report No. EPA/600/R-94/051, USEPA (1994).
Preliminary Data Summary of Urban runoff Best
Management Practices (August 1999)
EPA-821-R-99-012
http://www.epa.gov/ost/stormwater/
Reference Guide for Stormwater Best Management
Practices (July 2000)
City of Los Angeles
Urban runoff Management Division
650 South Spring Street, 7th Floor
Los Angeles, California 90014
http://www.lacity.org/san/swmd/
Second Nature: Adapting LA’s Landscape for
Sustainable Living (1999) by Tree People
Detailed discussion of BMP designs presented to
conserve water, improve water quality, and achieve
flood protection.
Tree People
12601 Mullholland Drive
Beverly Hills, CA 90210
(818) 623-4848
Fax (818) 753-4625
Start at the Source (1999)
Detailed discussion of permeable pavements and
alternative driveway designs presented.
Bay Area Stormwater Management Agencies
Association
2101 Webster Street
Suite 500
Oakland, CA
510-286-1255
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SUGGESTED RESOURCES HOW TO GET A COPY
Stormwater Management in Washington State
(1999) Vols. 1-5
Presents detailed guidance on BMP design for new
development and construction.
Department of Printing
State of Washington Department of Ecology
P.O. Box 798
Olympia, WA 98507-0798
360-407-7529
Stormwater, Grading and Drainage Control Code,
Seattle Municipal Code Section 22.800-22.808,
and Director’s Rules, Volumes 1-4. (Ordinance
119965, effective July 5, 2000)
City of Seattle
Department of Design, Construction & Land
Use
700 5th Avenue, Suite 1900
Seattle, WA 98104-5070
(206) 684-8880
http://www.ci.seattle.wa.us/dclu/Codes/sgdccode.ht
m
Texas Nonpoint Source Book – Online Module
(1998)www.txnpsbook.org
Presents BMP design and guidance information
on-line
Texas Statewide Urban runoff Quality Task Force
North Central Texas Council of Governments
616 Six Flags Drive
Arlington, TX 76005
817-695-9150
The Practice of Watershed Protection by Thomas
R. Shchuler and Heather K. Holland
Center for Watershed Protection
8391 Main Street
Ellicott City, MD 21043
410-461-8323
www.cwp.org
Urban Storm Drainage, Criteria Manual – Volume
3, Best Management Practices (1999)
Presents guidance for designing BMPs
Urban Drainage and Flood Control District
2480 West 26th Avenue, Suite 156-B
Denver, CO 80211
303-455-6277
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APPENDIX H
POTENTIAL PERMANENT TREATMENT BMP MAINTENANCE MECHANISMS
1. Project proponent agreement to maintain storm water BMPs: The City may enter
into a contract with the project proponent obliging the project proponent to maintain,
repair and replace the storm water BMP as necessary into perpetuity. Security may
be required.
2. Assessment districts: The City may approve an Assessment District or other funding
mechanism created by the project proponent to provide funds for storm water BMP
maintenance, repair and replacement on an ongoing basis. Any agreement with
such a District shall be subject to the Public Entity Maintenance Provisions above.
3. Lease provisions: In those cases where the City holds title to the land in question,
and the land is being leased to another party for private or public use, the City may
assure storm water BMP maintenance, repair and replacement through conditions in
the lease.
4. Public entity maintenance: The City may approve a public or acceptable quasi-public
entity (e.g., the County Flood Control District, or annex to an existing assessment
district, an existing utility district, a state or federal resource agency, or a
conservation conservancy) to assume responsibility for maintenance, repair and
replacement of the permanent treatment BMP. Unless acceptable to the City, public
entity maintenance agreements shall ensure estimated costs are front-funded or
reliably guaranteed, (e.g., through a trust fund, assessment district fees, bond, letter
of credit or similar means). In addition, the City may seek protection from liability by
appropriate releases and indemnities. The City shall have the authority to approve
storm water BMPs proposed for transfer to any other public entity within its
jurisdiction before installation. The City shall be involved in the negotiation of
maintenance requirements with any other public entities accepting maintenance
responsibilities within their respective jurisdictions; and in negotiations with the
resource agencies responsible for issuing permits for the construction and/or
maintenance of the facilities. The City must be identified as a third party beneficiary
empowered to enforce any such maintenance agreement within their respective
jurisdictions.
The City may accept alternative maintenance mechanisms if such mechanisms are as
protective as those listed above.
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APPENDIX I
DEFINITIONS
"Attached Residential Development" means any development that provides 10 or more
residential units that share an interior/exterior wall. This category includes, but is not
limited to: dormitories, condominiums and apartments.
"Automotive Repair Shop" means a facility that is categorized in any one of the following
Standard Industrial Classification (SIC) codes: 5013, 5014, 5541, 7532-7534, or 7536-
7539.
“Best Management Practices” see: “storm water best management practices”.
"Commercial Development" means any development on private land that is not
exclusively heavy industrial or residential uses. The category includes, but is not limited
to: automotive dealerships, commercial airfields, mini-malls and other business
complexes, shopping malls, hotels, office buildings, public warehouses, hospitals,
laboratories and other medical facilities, educational institutions, recreational facilities,
plant nurseries, car wash facilities, and other light industrial complexes.
"Commercial Development greater than 100,000 square feet" means any commercial
development that with a project footprint of at least 100,000 square feet.
“Construction Permits” means any ministerial, building, demolition/removal, grading and
public right-of-way permits
"Detached Residential Development" means any development that provides 10 or more
freestanding residential units. This category includes, but is not limited to: detached
homes, such as single-family homes and detached condominiums.
"Directly Connected Impervious Area (DCIA)" means the area covered by a building,
impermeable pavement, and/ or other impervious surfaces, which drains directly into the
storm water conveyance system without first flowing across permeable vegetated land
area (e.g., lawns).
“Discretionary Actions” means any adoption or amendment of a land use plan, zoning or
rezoning action, development agreement, subdivision of land in accordance with the
Subdivision Map Act, or development permits
"Environmentally Sensitive Areas" (ESA) means areas that include, but are not limited
to, all Clean Water Act 303(d) impaired water bodies ("303[d] water bodies"); areas
designated as an "Area of Special Biological Significance" (ASBS) by the State Water
Resources Control Board (Water Quality Control Plan for the San Diego Basin (1994)
and amendments); water bodies designated as having a RARE beneficial use by the
State Water Resources Control Board (Water Quality Control Plan for the San Diego
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Basin (1994) and amendments), or areas designated as preserves or their equivalent
under the Multiple Species Conservation Program (MSCP) within the Cities and County
of San Diego. The limits of Areas of Special Biological Significance are those defined in
the Water Quality Control Plan for the San Diego Basin (1994 and amendments).
Environmentally sensitive area is defined for the purposes of implementing SUSMP
requirements, and does not replace or supplement other environmental resource-based
terms, such as "Environmentally Sensitive Lands," employed by the City in their land
development review processes.
"Hillside" means lands that have a natural gradient of 25 percent (4 feet of horizontal
distance for every 1 foot of vertical distance) or greater and a minimum elevation
differential of 50 feet, or a natural gradient of 200 percent (1 foot of horizontal distance
for every 2 feet of vertical distance) or greater and a minimum elevation differential of 10
feet.
"Hillside development greater than 5,000 square feet" means any development that
would create more than 5,000 square feet of impervious surfaces in hillsides with known
erosive soil conditions.
"Infiltration" means the downward entry of water into the surface of the soil.
"Maximum Extent Practicable (MEP)" means the technology-based standard
established by Congress in the Clean Water Act 402(p)(3)(B)(iii) that municipal
dischargers of urban runoff must meet. MEP generally emphasizes pollution prevention
and source control BMPs primarily (as the first line of defense) in combination with
treatment methods serving as a backup (additional lines of defense).
"New Development" means land disturbing activities; structural development, including
construction or installation of a building or structure, the creation of impervious surfaces;
and land subdivision.
"Parking Lot" means land area or facility for the temporary parking or storage of motor
vehicles used personally, or for business or commerce.
"Projects Discharging to Receiving Waters within Environmentally Sensitive Areas"
means all development and significant redevelopment that would create 2,500 square
feet of impervious surfaces or increase the area of imperviousness of a project site to
10% or more of its naturally occurring condition, and either discharge urban runoff to a
receiving water within an environmentally sensitive area (where any portion of the
project footprint is located within 200 feet of the environmentally sensitive area), or
discharge to a receiving water within an environmentally sensitive area without mixing
with flows from adjacent lands (where the project footprint is located more than 200 feet
from the environmentally sensitive area).
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"Project Footprint" means the limits of all grading and ground disturbance, including
landscaping, associated with a project.
"Receiving Waters" means surface bodies of water, which directly or indirectly receive
discharges from urban runoff conveyance systems, including naturally occurring
wetlands, streams (perennial, intermittent, and ephemeral (exhibiting bed, bank, and
ordinary high water mark)), creeks, rivers, reservoirs, lakes, lagoons, estuaries, harbors,
bays and the Pacific Ocean. The City shall determine the definition for wetlands and
the limits thereof for the purposes of this definition, provided the City definition is as
protective as the Federal definition utilized by the United States Army Corps of
Engineers and the United States Environmental Protection Agency. Constructed
wetlands are not considered wetlands under this definition, unless the wetlands were
constructed as mitigation for habitat loss. Other constructed BMP's are not considered
receiving waters under this definition, unless the BMP was originally constructed in
receiving waters.
"Residential Development" means any development on private land that provides living
accommodations for one or more persons. This category includes, but is not limited to:
single-family homes, multi-family homes, condominiums, and apartments.
"Restaurant" means a stand-alone facility that sells prepared foods and drinks for
consumption, including stationary lunch counters and refreshment stands selling
prepared foods and drinks for immediate consumption (SIC code 5812).
"Significant Redevelopment" means development that would create or add at least
5,000 square feet of impervious surfaces on an already developed site. Significant
redevelopment includes, but is not limited to: the expansion of a building footprint;
addition to or replacement of a structure; replacement of an impervious surface that is
not part of a routine maintenance activity; and land disturbing activities related with
structural or impervious surfaces. Replacement of impervious surfaces includes any
activity that is not part of a routine maintenance activity where impervious material(s)
are removed, exposing underlying soil during construction. Significant redevelopment
does not include trenching and resurfacing associated with utility work; resurfacing and
reconfiguring surface parking lots; new sidewalk construction, pedestrian ramps, or
bikelane on existing roads; and replacement of damaged pavement.
"Site Design BMP" means any project design feature that reduces the creation or
severity of potential pollutant sources or reduces the alteration of the project site's
natural flow regime. Redevelopment projects that are undertaken to remove pollutant
sources (such as existing surface parking lots and other impervious surfaces) or to
reduce the need for new roads and other impervious surfaces (as compared to
conventional or low-density new development) by incorporating higher densities and/or
mixed land uses into the project design, are also considered site design BMPs.
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51
"Source Control BMP (both structural and non-structural)" means land use or site
planning practices, or structures that aim to prevent urban runoff pollution by reducing
the potential for contamination at the source of pollution. Source control BMPs
minimize the contact between pollutants and urban runoff. Examples include roof
structures over trash or material storage areas, and berms around fuel dispensing
areas.
"Storm Water Best Management Practice (BMP)" means any schedules of activities,
prohibitions of practices, general good house keeping practices, pollution prevention
and educational practices, maintenance procedures, structural treatment BMPs, and
other management practices to prevent or reduce to the maximum extent practicable
the discharge of pollutants directly or indirectly to receiving waters. Storm Water BMPs
also include treatment requirements, operating procedures and practices to control site
runoff, spillage or leaks, sludge or waste disposal, or drainage from raw material
storage. This manual groups development-related storm water BMPs into two
categories: (1) construction BMPs, which are practices, procedures, devices or
materials used to prevent the transport and introduction of pollutants both on and from a
project site during construction; and (2) permanent BMPs, which are the site design
features, source control features, and treatment control BMPs that become a permanent
part of a project’s design and remain functioning throughout the “use” phase of a project
site. (See the definitions for site design, source control and treatment control BMPs in
this appendix).
"Storm Water Conveyance System" means private and public drainage facilities by
which storm water may be conveyed to Receiving Waters, such as: ditches, natural
drainages, roads, streets, constructed channels, aqueducts, storm drains, pipes, street
gutters, or catch basins.
"Streets, Roads, Highways, and Freeways" means any project that is not part of a
routine maintenance activity, and would create a new paved surface that is 5,000
square feet or greater used for the transportation of automobiles, trucks, motorcycles
and other vehicles. For the purposes of SUSMP requirements, Streets, Roads,
Highways and Freeways do not include trenching and resurfacing associated with utility
work; applying asphalt overlay to existing pavement; new sidewalk, pedestrian ramps,
or bikelane construction on existing roads; and replacement of damaged pavement.
"Treatment Control (Structural) BMP" means any engineered system designed and
constructed to remove pollutants from urban runoff. Pollutant removal is achieved by
simple gravity settling of particulate pollutants, filtration, biological uptake, media
adsorption or any other physical, biological, or chemical process.