Loading...
HomeMy WebLinkAboutEIR 83-04; Kelly Ranch Environmental Impact Report; Kelly Ranch Environmental Impact Report; 1983-08-01DEVELOPMENTAL SERVICES • Assistant City Manager (714) 438-5596 • Building Department (714) 438-5525 • Engineering Department (714) 438-5541 • Housing & Redevelopment Department 3096 Harding St. (714) 438-5611 1200 ELM AVENUE CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA 92008 Citp of Carls&ati m Planning Department (714) 438-5591 August 5, 1983 RECEIVED -1983 TO: Responsible/Other Agencies SUBJECT: Cal Communities, Inc. EIR (EIR 83-4, CITY OF CARLSBAD) Enclosed for your review is a copy of the draft Environmental Impact Report for the General Plan Amendment and pre- annexational zoning of 433 acres, known as the Kelly Ranch. The subject property is located between the eastern end of Agua Hedionda Lagoon and El Camino Real. The General Plan Amendment and pre-annexational zone change is being proposed to facilitate the future development of the property for residential and commercial purposes. Pursuant to Section 15084 of the State Environmental Impact Report Guidelines, we are requesting comments from responsible and other agencies. Please address your comments, to my attention. Land Use Planning Office, City of Carlsbad, 1200 Elm Avenue, Carlsbad, CA 92008. If no comments are received by September 20, 1983, it will be assumed that your agency concurs with the analysis and mitigation measures described in the draft. Should you have any questions, please feel free to call me at (619) 438-5591. We will look forward to receiving your comments. Sincerely, CITY OF CARLSBAD MICHAEL HOWES Assistant Planner Enclosure MH/ad ''ECEIVED 1983 Draft ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT REPORT 83-4 General Plan Amendment and Zone Change Kelly Ranch SCH #83042707 Prepared for: City of Carlsbad 1200 Elm Avenue Carlsbad, California 92008 Contact Person: Mr. Michael Howes Prepared by: Michael Brandman Associates* &ic. 18021 Sky Park Circle Irvine, California 92714 Contact Person: Mr. Thomas E. Smith, Jr., AICP August 1983 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Titie Page 1.0 Impact and Mitigation Summary 1 2.0 Introduction and Project Description 13 3.0 Existing Conditions, Impacts and Mitigation Measures 17 3.1 Landform/Topography 17 3.2 Geology/Soils 22 3.3 Hydrology and Water Quality 27 3.4 Biology 32 3.5 Cultural Resources 43 3.6 Land Uses 48 3.7 Relevant Planning Programs 53 3.8 Agricultural Resources 61 3.9 Socioeconomics 66 3.10 Transportation/Circulation 70 3.11 Air QuaHty 75 3.12 Noise 83 3.13 Visual Resources 88 3.14 Public Services and Utilities 90 4.0 Fiscal Analysis 104 5.0 Alternatives to the Proposed Action 105 6.0 Relationship Between Local Short-term Uses of Man's Environment and the Maintenance and Enhancement of Long-term Productivity 109 7.0 Significant Irreversible Environmental Changes 110 8.0 Growth Inducing and Cumulative Impacts Ill TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) 9.0 10.0 11.0 12.0 13.0 14.0 Unavoidable Significant Adverse Effects 114 Effects Found Not to Be Significant lie Number of People Affected by the Project and Within the Project Boundaries 117 Organizations and Persons Consulted us Bibliography 119 Appendices 120 Appendix A Notice of Preparation Responses Appendix B Scoping Meeting Minutes Appendix C Paleontology Appendix D Traffic Study Appendix E Air Quality Appendix F Noise Appendix G Fiscal Analysis u UST OF EXHIBITS Number Titie Foltoifing Page No. 1 Regional Location 14 ' 2 Site Vicinity 14 . 3 Existing and Proposed GPA 14 I 4 Existing and Proposed Zoning 16 5 Conceptual Development Plan 16 ^ 6 Local Coastal Program Planning Areas 16 7 Topography 18 7a General Development Concept for the "Fingers Area" 20 I 8 Geology 24 9 Hydrology 28 ' 10 Vegetation 32 ^ 11 Existing Land Uses 48 > 12 Surrounding Land Uses 50 13 Soils 62 , 14 Major Industrial Sites 68 15 Project Area Traffic Volumes 72 ^ 16 Site Photo Index 89 17 Site Photographs 89 Ul UST OF TABLES FoUowing Number Titte Page No. 1 Summary of Existing and Proposed General Plan Land Use Designations (in acres) 15 2 Seismicity for Major Faults 23 3 Agricultural Capabilities of Soil on the Kelly Ranch 62 4 Regional Growth Forecasts 66 5 Civilian Labor Force, Employment, and Unemployment 67 6 Project Percentage of SANDAG Regional Growth Projections 68 7 Traffic Generation 71 8 Traffic Distribution 72 9 Summary of Air Quality Data 75 10 Mobile and Stationary Service Emissions, Existing General Plan 77 11 Mobile and Stationary Service Emissions, Proposed General Plan 78 12 Comparison of Air Pollutant Emissions With and Without Proposed GPA 79 13 Project Total Emissions for the San Diego Air Basin 80 14 Eight-Hour Carbon Monoxide Concentrations 81 15 Current Exterior Noise Exposure Adjacent to Nearby Roadways 84 16 Future Exposure Adjacent to Nearby Roadways Without the Project 86 17 Future Exposure Adjacent to Nearby Roadways With the Project 87 18 Projected Water Consumption 90 19 Projected Sewage Generation 92 12 Estimated Annual Electrical Consumption 93 21 Estimated Annual Natural Gas Consumption 95 22 Projected Solid Waste Generation 97 23 School Enrollment - FaU 1983 99 24 Projected School Generation 99 25 Fiscal Impact Attributable to Fall Development of the Project Area 104 26 Cumulative Planing Data 112 27 Annual Cumulative Effects on Public Services and Utilities 113 ^ LO IMPACT AND MmOATlON SUMMARY The following table has been prepcired which summarizes the anticipated impacts and applicable mitigation measures. The table is divided by topical subject and each impact has been identified as being either a positive impact, a mitigable impact, or an unavoidable adverse impact. FuU discussion of these impacts and mitigation measures are provided in Chapter 3.0 of this EIR. - 1 - SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES STATUS IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES LANDFORM/TOPOGRAPHY Mitigable Project requires landform alteration, including alterations to designated "wetlands" area. Increased erosion potential during construction will occur. All grading and landform alteration activities shall be subject to the requirements of the Carlsbad Grading and Excavation Ordinance and the provisions of the Master Drainage Plan. Any encroachments/alterations into the wetlands area will require approval by the City, a permit from the California Coastal Commission and concurrence of the California Department of Fish and Game. Mitigable Development is proposed adjacent to wetlands areas. A 100-foot setback will be maintained in a natural condition around the perimeter of the wetlands, unless the Department of Fish and Game determines that a lesser setback or physical barrier is adequate. GEOLOGY/SOILS " " Mitigable Groundshaking onsite will probably result from future earthquake activity along major fault zones in the southern California region. All structures will be designed in accordance with the seismic design provisions of the Uniform Building Code and applicable City codes. Mitigable Expansive soils may be encountered onsite; those formational materials composed primarily of sand are moderately erodible. Detailed geotechnical and soils studies will be prepared and engineering solutions approved by the City prior to development. Erosion control measures will be required during project construction. Mitigable There is a potential for slope failures in the coastal hills area. Further slope stability investigations will be conducted. Any unfavorable conditions will be removed or stabilized by buttressing or reorientation of slope direction. STATUS IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES HYDROLOGY Mitigable Urban development will result in an increase of existing storm runoff volumes and velocities from the increase in impervious surfaces onsite. A runoff control plan will be prepared which demonstrates that there will be no significant increase in peak runoff rate from the developed site over the greatest discharge expected from the existing undeveloped site as a from a 6-hour, 10-year frequency storm. I I r I ^ i I i f « I I tl»IKitliillllll llilllllltll'ltl STATUS IMPACT HYDROLOGY (continued) MITIGATION MEASURES Mitigable Mitigable Mitigable Mitigable Development is proposed for areas within the lOO-year floodplain. Grading and earthwork activities during construction offer potential for increased erosion and transport of sediment to the lagoon. The introduction of urban land uses and associated pollutants (e.g., oil, grease and heavy metals) may have long-term impacts on water quality in Agua Hedionda Lagoon. The extension of Cannon Road will result in alterations of the streambed and adjacent floodplain areas. Appropriate floodproofing measures will be required by the City in subsequent detailed plans to ensure 100-year flood protection to affected areas. In addition, a special Use Permit will be required. Development approvals shall include detailed provisions for emplacement, repair and maintenance of approved drainage and erosion control facilities. Permanent runoff and erosion control devices shall be installed prior to or concurrent with onsite grading activities. Development of a site specific stormwater pollution control plan should fc>e considered by the City to reduce long-term impacts to water quality in Agua Hedionda Lagoon. The provision of an appropriate bridge with adequately sized culvert undercrossing structures for the proposed alignment of Cannon Road will avoid potential hazards of washout and will maintain the existing flood capacity of the channel. BIOLOGY Mitigable Project implementation will primarily impact uplands vegetation and habitats. Forty percent of the sage scrub will be removed; 60% retention of sage scrub will permit a sizable portion of fauna to remain onsite. 58% of the site will remain as open space, including upland slopes, riparian woodland, fresh-brackish water marsh and tidal flats. Impacts to sage scrub and its wildlife will be reduced by curtailing vegetation removal except where absolutely necessary. Dumping of fill onto this vegetation should be prohibited. Native plants should be used as landscaping material where feasible. STATUS BIOLOGY (continued) IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES Mitigable Freshwater marsh may be impacted by proposed filling. Development of the northwest "fingers" area may impact a well-developed marsh and associated fauna. Riparian and salt marsh vegetation will also t>e impacted to some extent. All development adjacent to marsh or salt-marsh vegetation should incorporate an adequate buffer varying between 20 to 100 feet, depending upon the wildlife value of the vegetation which wiU be determined in subsequent and more detailed stages of planning. Mitigable Sensitive resources may be impacted by domestic animals and curious people. Pets should not be permitted to roam free and residents should not venture into wetland habitats during the spring-summer nesting season (approximately mid-March to early July). Off- road vehicles should be prohibited in all open-space areas. Additionally, adequate fencing, berming and/or setbacks will occur along the interface of urban uses and sensitive resources. Mitigable Development in the "fingers" area wiU impact wetlands, mudflats, marsh vegetation and associated wildlife, including sensitive species. Compensation for the loss of habitat will be required. Such measures must offset any loss of the present habitat. If a portion of the "fingers" habitat is transformed into developed land, upgrading of the remaining habitat will be necessary. Mitigable Development of the Recreation Commercial area will impact salt marsh vegetation. Impacts to Belding's savannah sparrows are not anticipated. Compensation for loss of habitat will be required at the "fingers" area. Mitigable Development of the Neighborhood Commercial site, including channelization of Agua Hedionda Creek, will require removal of eucalyptus trees, riparian woodland and associated wildlife. Compensation for the loss of woodland habitat, both riparian and eucalyptus will be provided by planting native tree species along the improved channel in numbers approaching optimal densities. I f I I I ^ I f I r I P I I I fiiiKifiriiiii I I m M Ri tl II II tl il II il II tl tt tl i I 1 STATUS IMPACT BIOLOGY (continued) MITIGATION MEASURES Mitigable The south-central section of Ccumon Road will impact sage scrub and salt marsh habitat. The impacts of the road should be insignificant. The new bridge construction will require removal of willow trees. Road construction will require excavation and filling of natural and previously disturbed habitats. Roadway traffic will undoubtedly impact wildlife. The alignment of the northern portion of Cannon Road should follow as closely as possible the existing Hidden Valley Road, thereby reducing as much as possible the filling of the pastures (defined by the Coastal Commission as wetland) to the north. The potential loss of a limited number of willows adjacent to El Camino Real could be mitigated by creating a creek bank slope in the immediate vicinity that would permit establishment of willows (approximately 1:3 or less steep). Unavoidable A majority of wildlife species on the property Adverse should remain followng development; although Impact densities will decline in number or be lost from the property. 58% of the site will remain as open space. CULTURAL RESOURCES Mitigable Mitigable Eleven archaeological sites have been identified onsite; four have been determined to have significance potential. Recorded onsite paleontological sites could potentially be impacted by development. New sites could be unearthed during grading operations. An archaeological resource mitigation program has been developed. This program will be implemented prior to the issuance of grading permits. Onsite pcdeontological resources will be properly surveyed and appropriate mitigation measures will be implemented prior to project grading. A qualified paleontologist will be in attendance at all pregrading conferences and will coordinate an appropriate program of monitoring/salvaging with the developer and grading contractor. STATUS IMPACT MITIGATION MEASURES LAND USES Mitigable Positive Impact Mitigable Unavoidable Adverse Impact Unavoidable Adverse Impact Implementation of the project would alter existing rural views from adjacent residences and subject existing residents to sights of developed areas. The proposed extension of Cannon Road would provide access to Macario Park, which would facilitate access to the area and promote park visitations. Proposed residential land uses could result in land use compatibility impacts to Macario Park. Approval of the proposed project would result in a 26.5% increase over the dwelling units allowed by the current General Plan and Agua Hedionda Specific Plan. The proposed project would result in a transition from rural to urban uses on approximately 145 acres of the site, exclusive of roadways. Agricultural activities would be terminated in the coastal hills portion of the site. Design measures, including grading and edge treatments, use of landscaping and sensitive architectural treatment will be incorporated into the project design to minimize impacts to existing residential areas. No mitigation measures are necessary. Design measures including setbacks, landscaping and berming will be incorporated to minimize impacts to Macario Park. Approximately 255 acres of the site will remain as open space. AU development must comply with the 100-foot setback along the wetland boundaries and environmentally sensitive areas, unless adjustments are approved by the City, the Coastal Commission and Department of Fish and Game The feasibility of transferring agricultural activities to the northern open space areas, as recommended by the applicant, will be investigated during subsequent planning stages. RELEVANT PLANNING PROGRAMS Mitigable Mitigable Zoning - the proposed project consists of a change to the zoning map and a prezoning action. Land Use Element - Project approval will result in amendment to the Land Use Element of the City's General Plan to include 248 acres of residential, 160 acres of open space and 25 acres of commercial land uses. No mitigation measures are proposed. No mitigation measures are proposed. 9 I r I ! I f I I i I I I I ¥ I f i f I f I i fill I 1 tl li ti ti tl ti ll tl iliilllllltlll I I I STATUS IMPACT RELEVANT PLANNING PROGRAMS (continued) MITIGATION MEASURES Mitigable Circulation Element - The project incorporates the proposed extension of Cannon Road, consistent with the Circulation Element. The project does show an extension of Kelly Drive which is not on the Circulation Element. Bicycle routes are shown in and around the study area. Upon development of a precise road alignment for Kelly Drive, its consistency with the Agua Hedionda LCP and the City's Circulation Element will be determined. Bicycle routes will be provided in compliance with the Circulation Element. Mitigable Public Safety Element - Potenticil hazards to the site may result from dam failure inundation. Appropriate floodproofing measures will be incorporated into the project design. Mitigable Scenic Highways Element - El Camino Real, Park Drive and Cannon Road are designated scenic roads. Project design will comply with applicable scenic highway policies and standards. Mitigable Mitigable Parks and Recreation Element - Project will result in increased demand for recreational facilities. Agua Hedionda Land Use Plan and Carlsbad Local Coastal Program - Both of these documents will require amendments to each respective Land Use Plan component. It will be the responsibility of the California Coastal Commission to approve the amendments to the LCPs. The project includes a recreation area and open space to serve the recreational needs of the future residents. Specific mitigation measures for identified impacts will be included in the Land Use Plan Amendments. Mitigable Mitigable Local Agency Formation Commission of San Diego County - The annexation proposal will require review and approved by LAFCO. Areawide Water Quality Management (208) Plan - Project implementation will result In temporary erosion and sedimentation increases during construction and a permanent increase in urban runoff from the proposed development. LAFCO will review the merits of the proposed annexation using mandated findings. The proposed project will adhere to the appropriate construction erosion/sedimentation and urban runoff measures to mitigate any potential water quality degradation. STATUS IMPACT RELEVANT PLANNING PROGRAMS (continued) MITIGATION MEASURES Mitigable Unavoidable Adverse Impact California Fish and Game Code - Prior to grading and as determined necessary, development within the study area will require notifying the California Department of Fish and Game pursuant to 1603 procedures. Open Space and Conservation Element - The proposed project will result in encroachments into the lowland which has been identified as prime open space. As determined necessary, the project will comply with the standards and guidelines of Section 1603 of the Fish and Game Code. Approximately 255 acres of the site will be retained as natural open space. AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES Unavoidable Adverse Impact Unavoidable Adverse Impact Approval and implementation of the ^oposed project will result in the termination of the existing onsite agricultural activities. However, the retention of onsite agriculture activities, on a long-term basis is not anticipated in the City's General Plan. Project implementation will result in the conversion of 72,5 acres of Prime Farmland, as mapped by the SCS, to urban uses. The feasibility of transferring agricultural activities into the floodplain area will be investigated in subsequent planning stages. If agricultural uses are established in the lowland area, appropriate buffering will be incorporated around the urban interface in accordance with Coastal Act policies. Agricultural activities may be established on prime and sut>- prime farmland which is not presently cultivated. SOCIOECONOMICS Positive Impact to Housing Supply Construction of 1,600 dwelling units will generate a residential population of approximately 4,000. This represents a 26.5% increase over the level of development allowed by the current General Plan and Agua Hedionda Specific Plan. The project represents an approximate 6.0% increase in SANDAG's year 2000 projections for the Carlsbad Subregional Area, No mitigation measures are proposed. (III 11119 1 flllflllllflff r I Il*itltlilllilil ( STATUS IMPACT it il il tl tl II il MITIGATION MEASURES V I I I Positive Impact Mitigable Construction of approximately 200,000 square feet of commercial area will create an estimated 445 employment opportunities in the City of Carlsbad. The project may add to the demand for lower cost housing in the City and surrounding areas. No mitigation measures are proposed. The City has implemented a housing program to address the City's unmet housing needs; subsequent planning documents will investigate the feasibility of incorporating low/moderate income housing onsite. Mitigable Project implementation will result in 24,110 daUy trips, representing a 130% increase over the existing General Plan. This increase is primarily related to the Neighborhood Commercial site. Project traffic flows will not adversely impact Cannon or El Camino Real in terms of roadway or intersection capacity. All of the streets in the vicinity of the project will be operating within their design parameters. No significant traffic impacts have been identified, provided access to the various portions of the project are as assumed m the cmalysis. AIR QUALITY Mitigable Unavoidable Adverse Impact Short-term fugitive dust emissions will occur during active construction. . Short-term grading and construction activities will generate exhaust emissions. Normal watering techniques will be employed to mitigate the impact of construction generated dust particulates. No mitigation measures are proposed. STATUS IMPACT AIR QUALITY (continued) MITIGATION MEASURES Unavoidable Assuming buildout in 1990, daily air emissions Adverse generated by the proposed project re^^'esent Impact approximately .27 percent of total emissions in the San Diego Air Basin. The proposed project represents significant increases over air emissions that would result from the existing General Plan, caused mostly by the neighborhood commercial area. Alternate transportation concepts should be considered in the site plan, including bus turnouts, hiking, biking and walking trails. Mass transit and State implementation of auto inspection/maintenance programs will also serve to reduce vehicle emissions. NOISE Mitigable Unavoidable Adverse Impact Long-term acoustic impacts within and around the project site will occur since noise levels will increase upon project implementation. Automobile traffic represents the greatest future noise source onsite. Short-term noise impacts will result from grading, infrastructure emplacement and building construction activities. Specific acoustic analysis will be undertaken for at more detailed levels of planning (as specified by state law). Appropriate design features will be incorporated into the project to ensure that acceptable interior and exterior levels are established and maintained. Where feasible, muffled construction will be used to minimize the noise levels of operating equipment. Construction activities will comply with City noise standards and hours of operation. VISUAL RESOURCES Mitigated Unavoidable Adverse Impact Views onsite will be altered to travelers along El Camino Real and Park Drive, which are designated scenic roadways. The proposed development will transform acres or 33% of the site to urban uses. 145 Development treatments along Park Drive and El Camino Real will comply with the Scenic Highway Element and Agua Hedionda LCP policies regarding setbacks and landscaping. Specifically, a 20-foot setback is required along Park Drive, Landscaping will be provided throughout the project. Development will be clustered and grading will not be permitted on slopes which exceed 25%. Building heights will not exceed 35 feet. I 1 i I f I f I i I I I {lllllllllllii I « I I STATUS till illl Illl IMPACT il ilililililil MITIGATION MEASURES i I I PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES Mitigable Mitigable Mitigable Mitigable Mitigable No impact Mitigable Mitigable Mitigable Project implementation will require the extension of telephone facilities to service the site. The project will require additional police officers as well as associated equipment and support services. The project is not expected to additional fire equipment or personnel. require Existing schools may not have sufficient capacity to accomodate the 1,664 K-9 students which will be generated by the project. There is a potential safety hazard of school children crossing Park Drive. The Macario Park Plan desig^nates 50 acres of the Kelly Ranch as wetlands preserve. Project development plans do not impact this area. Project development will increase the demand for park and recreation facilities. The project will increase the demand for library services. It is anticipated that the Tri-City Hospital would accommodate any increases in service demand which may result from the proposed project. The Pacific Telephone Company will be contacted during more detailed planning to ensure the proper and timely placement of telephone facilities. The project applicant will be assessed a Public Facilities Fee in accordance with City ordinance. Project design will enhance police services. Fire suppression mechanisms such as roof top sprinklers, fuel modification and smoke alarm systems should be incorporated into the project design. Adequate access for fire-fighting equipment will be provided. The project applicant and the Carlsbad School District will agree upon the most feasible way of providing adequate schools. This could include developer fees, dedication of land, leasing of temporary buildings, or some combination thereof. Painted crosswalks, controlled intersections and, if necessary, crossing guards will be placed at appropriate locations. The project applicant should investigate the feasiblity of City acquisition of the 50-acre parcel. The project does include a recreation center and open space acreage for use by project residents. The library is presently considering two options: building a new and larger main library or constructing a second library. No mitigation measures are required. STATUS IMPACT PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES MITIGATION MEASURES Unavoidable Adverse Impact Unavoidable Adverse Impact Unavoidable Adverse Impact Unavoidable Adverse Impact The project will consume 877,350 gallons per day of water. The project will generate 433,500 gallons per day of wastewater. The project will consume 20.1 million kwh per year of electricity and 141.2 million cubic feet of natural gas per year. The project will generate 23,700 Ibs./day of solid waste. The water district indicates that there is adequate water pressure for the proposed development. However, the existing lines may require resizing and relocating to provide needed pressure. Implementation of state required water conservation measures and other recommended interior and exterior conservation measures will occur where applicable. The Encina sewage treatment plant has the available capacity to treat the project-generated effluent. Required water conservation measures will also reduce wastewater generation. The project will comply with Title 24 of the California Administrative Code through utilization of energy-efficient architecture and landscaping design concepts. Trash compactors will be utilized where feasible to reduce the volume generated. Resource recovery of as much paper as possible and other recyclable materials could also reduce this impact. FISCAL ANALYSIS Positive Impact Upon full development, the project is expected to produce an annual revenue of $950,900 and to increase annual City service costs by $925,600, yielding an estimate net revenue of $25,300. No mitigation measure is required. I I I I I I r I V I I 1 f I I » t r I I I r 1 I I I i i 2.0 INTRODUCTION AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 bitroduetion In conformance with the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA), this draft Environmental Impact Report has been prepared to facilitate an objective assessment of the individual and collective environmental impacts associated with the proposed General Plan Amendment (GPA), Zone Change and prezoning actions for a 433-acre site located in both the City of Carlsbad and unincorporated San Diego County. This EIR also evaluates the impacts associated with the ultimate annexation of the unincorporated portion of the site into the City of Carlsbad. Approval of the proposed GPA and zoning actions wUl result in residential, neighborhood commercial, recreational commercial and open space land use designations for the property. The Environmental Impact Report process requires the preparation of an objective, full disclosure document to: iruform agency decisionmakers and the general public of the direct and indirect environmental effects of a proposed action; provide mitigation measures to reduce or eliminate potential adverse impacts; and, to identify and evaluate reasonable alternatives to the proposed project. The following environmental analysis addresses each of these primary objectives in accordance with the City of Carlsbad's environmental quality regulations and the State EIR guidelines. It should be emphasized that this environmental documentation assesses impacts associated with the proposed General Plan Amendment and Zone Change, both of which identify general land uses for the site. However, the SIR recognizes that subsequent plans will propose more precise elements, and therefore analyzes to the degree possible the full series of actions which may occur over the project's lifetime to permit a more thorough assessment of cumulative and long-range impacts. Through this approach, the EIR provides a sound framework within which future, more detailed planning for the project (i.e., site plans, tentative tract maps) can be reviewed. The EIR identifies where additional more detailed environmental analysis will be required in subsequent planning stages. The City of Carlsbad is the lead agency responsible for preparation of the environmental documentation in compliance with CEQA and will also have responsibility for approval of the ^oposed GPA and zoning actions. The County of San Diego Local Agency Formation Commission (LAFCO) will have responsibility for approval or denial of the proposed annexation of the unincorporated portion of the site to the City of Carlsbad. The California Coastal Commission and the State of California Department of Fish and Game are responsible agencies for the proposed project. Environmental consultation has been provided by Michael Brandman Associates, Inc. and the foUowing subconsultants: WUldan Associates (traffic), Endo Engineering (noise) and Kenneth Fabricatore (fiscsd impacts). A considerable body of environmental information has been prepared for the proposed project. In such circumstances, Section 15149 of the CEQA guideUnes encourages "incorporation by reference" as a means of reducing redundancy and the length of environmental reports. The foUowing documents hereby are incorporated -13- by reference into this draft EIR; a brief synopsis of the scope and content of these documents also is provided.^ 1. Agua Hedionda Specific Plan, Final EIR #329, prepared by the City of Carlsbad, December 1976. This fuU scope EIR addresses the physical impacts associated with implementation of the Agua Hedionda Specific Plan. The EIR was used as a working tool to develop a specific plan that was sensitive to the environmental features of the study area. 2. Supplemental Environmental Studies, KeUy Ranch, prepared by Ultrasystems, Inc. for Kaufman and Broad, Inc. and Cal Communities, Inc., April 1983. This supplemental information was prepared to examine major environmental features for use in planning for the proposed development of the KeUy Ranch. Studies were prepared for the foUowing areas; Archaeology, Biology, Traffic and Circulation, Soils and Geology, Air QuaUty, and PubUc Services and UtiUties. These studies also evaluated environmental issues and recommended preUminary mitigation measures. 2.2 ftpject Description Locaticm The 433-acre project site is located west of El Camino Real and adjacent to Park Drive and the Agua Hedionda Lagoon. Exhibits 1 and 2, Regional Location and Site Vicinity, depict the site and its surroundings. Project Characteristics The proposed project involves the foUowing planning actions for the KeUy Ranch study area: 1. Amendment to the City of Carlsbad General Plan Land Use Element; 2. Amendment to the Carlsbad Local Coastal Program (LCP) and Agua Hedionda LCP; 3. A zone change in conformance with the proposed GPA for that portion of the site currently within the City's corporate boundaries; 4. Prezoning in conformance with the GPA of that portion of the site currently in unincorporated San Diego County; and 5. Annexation of approximately 342 acres to the City of Carlsbad. The existing and proposed General Plan land use designations are summarized in Table 1 and iUustrated in Exhibit 3. As can be seen in Table 1, the existing general plan designations would aUow between 420 and 1,254 dwelUng units onsite; the proposed general plan designations would 1. These documents are available for pubUc review at the Development Services Department at the City of Carlsbad, 1200 Elm Avenue. Contact person: Mr. Michael Howes. -14- OCEANSIDE CARLSBAD PACIFIC OCEAN CARDIFF-BY-^ THE-8EA SOLANA BEACH\ DEL MAR ESCONDIDO KELLY RANCH City of Carlsbad Q MBA EXHIBIT 1 if 5^ 3i ^ .•)^„ --- •^1 ^ KELLY RANCH City of Carlsbad Q MBA PYMIRIT 9 Ill^iiltiililllil taiitiiiiiiiii iii GENERAL PLAN DESIGNATIONS RMH 10-20 DU/AC RM 4-10 DU/AC RLM 0-4 DU/AC RL 0-1.5 DU/AC N NEIGHBORHOOD COMMERCIAL RC RECREATIONAL COMMERCIAL E ELEMENTARY SCHOOL OS OPEN SPACE EXISTING PROPOSED [i2:SDgiro KELLY RANCH City of Carlsbad QMBA EXHIBIT 3 aUow a rai^ of 1,147 - 2,713 dweUing units. This EIR evaluates the potential environmental affects from a maximum of 1,600 dweUing units onsite. This level of development is beUeved to be the maximum aUowable considering the acreage required as open space by the Agua Hedionda Specific Plan and local topographic features. The proposed GPA would result in less open space acreage (200 acres vs. 160 acres) than would occur under the existing general plan and would also result in the deletion of an elem^tary school site designated for the property and the addition of neighborhood and recreation-commercial land use designations onsite. TABLE 1 SUMMARY OF EXISTING AND PROPOSED GENERAL PLAN LAND USE DESIGNATIONS (IN ACRES) Existing General Plan Proposed General Plan LUE Units Units Category Acres Min Max Acres Min Max m RMH (10-20 du/ac) 30 300 600 44.5 445 890 m RM (4-10 du/ac) 30 120 300 195.4 782 1,950 RLM (0-4 du/ac) 43 0 172 8.3 0 33 m RL (0-1.5 du/ac) 121 0 182 0 0 0 E (Elementary School) 9 - ---- y OS (Open Space) 200 160.3 -- N (Neighborhood Comml) 0 -13.8 -- -RC (Recreation Comml) 0 10.7 433 420 1,254 433 1,227 2,873 Approximately 91 acres of the site are located within the corporate boundaries of the City of Carlsbad and 342 acres are located in unincorporated San Diego County. For that portion of the site located in the City, a zone change from R-A-10 to Planned Community (PC) is proposed. Prezoning of the unincorporated portion of the site from R-R-2 (Rural Residential - County designation) to PC (City designation) is also being requested to facilitate its ultimate annexation into the City of Carlsbad. Exhibit 4 depicts the existing and EMroposed zoning for the study area. In addition, the project appUcant has prepared a conceptual development plan. This plan, although preUminary, is a refinement of the proposed General Plan land use designations, and presents a more accurate depiction of the potential locations of proposed future development onsite. As shown on Exhibit 5, approximately 140 acres of the site have been designated as development areas (exclusive of roads) to accommodate a total of 1,600 dweUing units. It is anticipated that the neighborhood commercial component of the project wiU be comprised of commercial and office related uses. The recreation-commercial site is anticipated to be a racquetbaU/health club facUity with a pro shop and snack bar. This would be a private membership club for the residents of KeUy Ranch €md the general pubUc. As mentioned previously, this EIR evaluates 1,600 dweUing units as the maximum which wiU be constructed onsite and assesses the potential environmental effect of the conceptual development plan where appropriate. -15- Project History The study area is located within the Carlsbad coastal zone which, as a result of legislative action, was segmented into four distinct planning areas: - Agua Hedionda Local Coastal Program 1,100 acres - MeUo BiU Local Coastal Program Area 1,000 acres - San Dieguito LCP (County of San Diego) 1,191 acres - Carlsbad Local Coastal Program 5,387 acres The study area evaluated in this EIR is within two LCP planning areas: the Agua Hedionda LCP (241 acres) and the Carlsbad LCP (192 acres), as shown on Exhibit 6. The Agua Hedionda LCP has been adopted by the City and the Coastal Commission; the Carlsbad LCP has been adopted by the Coastal Commission. The development of the Agua Hedionda Local Coastal Program was initiated in late 1976 and was adopted in May 1982. The Carlst>ad Local Coastal Program was initiated in 1978 with certification by the Coastal Commission occurring in the summer of 1981, Intended Uses of Iliis EIR In accordance with Section 15141(d) of the State EIR Guidelines, the foUowing agencies are expected to use this EIR in considering the approval actions noted below: City of Carlsbad - general plan amendment, zone change, prezoning, annexation and subsequent specific development actions (i.e., specific plan, site plans and tract maps) and various related permits. Local Agency Formation Commission - annexation of approximately 342 acres to the City of Carlsbad. California Coastal Commission - am^dment of the Agua Hedionda Local Coastal Program and Carlsbad Local Coastal Program Land Use Plans. California Department of Fish and Game - approval of Section 1601-3 permits for any elements of the proposed project which may affect biological resources or drainage within the Agua Hedionda Creek and/or Lagoon. -16- I li »i ti ti ii 11 tl tl I ti il il il 11 il 11 ^ I tl ( ZONING DESIGNATIONS R-A-10 RESIDENTIAL/AGRICULTURE MINIMUM LOT SIZE: 10.000 SJ". R-R-2 RURAL RESIDENTIAL MINIMUM LOT SIZE: 1-ACRE EXISTING PROPOSED KELLY RANCH City of Carlsbad m mmm Q MBA EXHIBIT 4 liltiiititliliiili ilhilliltlilll I I 1 UNDISTURBED AREAa DEVELOPMENT AREAS — WETLANDS BOUNDAflY KELLY RANCH City of Carlsbad ihHjQMBA EXHIBIT 5 I II ti ti ki tl li tl il I till I I 1 i I I I I i I I I I @l!^A HEDIONDA , AL OOASTAL PROGRAM AREA CARUS LOCAL CPA BOQRAM :,\' • KELLY RANCH City of Carlsbad mm [MmM. ihKJ Q MBA EXHIBIT 6 3.0 EXISTING CONDITIONS, IMPACTS, AND MmGAlTON MEASURES 3.1 Landform/Topography 3.1.1 ExistiivConditioittl Topography onsite consists of wetiands, marshy areas, pasture and farm areas and moderate rolling hUls ^ee Exhibit 7). The constituents of the wetiands are Agua Hedionda Lagoon and Agua Hedionda Creek. It is apparent from a study of aerial photographs that the course of the creek changes with time. The floodplain, associated with Agua Hedionda Creek, is about sea level near the lagoon and rises graduaUy to about 30 feet above sea level near the eastem property Une and El Camino Real. Marshlands under an elevation of ten feet are subject to periodic inundation by tidal action. Slopes onsite vary in height and steepness. The slope angles range from nearly flat in some areas to vertical for low heights in the badlands areas.^ Most slopes cure between 3:1 and 1-1/4:1 (horizontal:vertical). The steepest slopes (non-badlands) are located just south of the floodplain and face northward. Badlands are found in the southeastern portions of the site. As shown on Exhibit 7, the maximum elevation onsite is 355 feet near Evans Point, whUe the lowest elevation is essentiaUy sea level at the westem property Une in Agua Hedionda Lagoon. AppUcable Local Coastal Program PoUcies The Agua Hedionda Land Use Plan contains specific poUcies regarding grading and landform alterations as foUows: o A buffer strip of at least 100 feet in width shaU be maintained in a natural condition around the perimeter of aU wetiands or environmentaUy sensitive , habitat areas, unless the State Department of Fish and Game determines that a lesser setback or physical barrier is adequate (PoUcy 3.1.a). o Development, grading and landform alteration in steep slopes shaU be ' restricted. Exceptions may include encroachments by roadway and utiUties necessary to reach developable areas. The maximum aUowable density shcdl be calculated on the total lot area, although this may be modified through setbacks, plan review, or other requirements of the Land Use Plan and appUcable city regulations (PoUcy 4.4b). o Use of the Planned Development (PD) Ordinance and cluster development shaU be required in areas containing environmentaUy sensitive resources, extensive steep slope areas and significant natural landform features. 1 This information was obtained from "Geotechnical Feasibility Investigation" for W the KeUy Property, American Geotechnical Company, AprU 1983. 2. As used herein. Badlands refer to heavily eroded, sparsely vegetated areas. -17- The Carlsbad LCP contains the foUowng poUcies related to landform alterations: o Grading, natural vegetaion removal, and placement of structures shaU be Umited to areas of less than 20% slope; or where highly erodible soils are involved to areas of less than 10% slope. Upon review to determine the least environmentaUy damaging road aUgnment, exceptions may be made only fOT roads absolutely necessary to provide access to developable land surrounded by such steep slopes, the placement of underground pubUc utiUty Unes and fire roads (PoUcy C-1). o AU undevelopable slopes shaU be placed in open space easements as a condition of development approval (PoUcy C-4). -18- liltltlBitllll ili tliititlililll' I I I AGUA HEDIONDA LAGOON KELLY RANCH City of Carlsbad hKjQMBA EXHIBIT 7 ^ 3.1.2 Impacts Approval of the proposed project wiU result in modifications of the existing General M Plan land use designations on the KeUy Ranch. These modifications include expansion of the RMH (residential, medium-high) land use designation (10-20 du/acre) • and the addition of Neighborhood and Recreation Commercial land use designations. ^ These expcuided and additional land use designations represent areas of potential landform alteration which would not occur under the current General Plan. Although ^ precise impacts cannot be assessed untU final grading plans are available, a conceptual development plan has been submitted by the appUcant from which preUminary assessm«its can be made (see Exhibit 5). • As shown in Exhibit 5, proposed landform alterations onsite wiU be directed toward m creating areas for buUdings, roads and utiUties. Approximately 140 acres or 32% of the site wiU be used for development areas, excluding roadways. In the western « portion of the site, commonly referred to as "the fingers," there are two alternative landform alteration plans, both of which would require consultation with, and permit acquisition from the Coastal Commission, CaUfornia Department of Fish and Game, U.S. Fish and WUdlife Service, and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Each alteration • plan would increase the amount of developable land to the north and expand the m amount of wetlands habitat. See Exhibit 7a. (See Section 3.4 BIOLOGY for a discussion of impacts related to the wetiands resources.) •i The first proposal for the fingers area would create three islands out of the ends of the western three "Angers" by excavating a channel that would separate the outer "•^ ends from the "mainland." The width of the channels would be approximately 100 ^ feet with dimensions of the islands approximately 100 feet by 200 feet. Excavated m soil could be used to fiU the inner ends of the "fingers" embayments so that a sUghtiy sinuous mainland shoreUne was <veated. The existing flats around the islands would • be lowered to graduaUy slopii^ elevations that would ensure daUy tidal inundation. ^ The channel between the mainland and the islands should be excavated to below sea level so that at no time would it be possible to walk to the islands. A channel (5 to ^ 10 feet wide) should connect these channels with the lagoon proper. ^ The second approach for development of the fingers area would include the removal of the outer ^ds of the "fingers" and the use of excavated material to fiU in the • innermost ends of the adjacent smaU embayments. As part of this action, the ^ elevation of the flats between the "fingers" and on the lagoon side of the "Angers" would be lowered to an elevation that would aUow daUy tidal flushing. Further north of the fingers along Park Drive, fiU would be required to accommodate the proposed buUding areas. m The proposed extension of KeUy Drive to Via Hinton generaUy foUows the natural • topography along the westem portion of the site, thus minimizing landform Ml alteration. The proposed development areas west of KeUy Drive wiU require some landform modifications to the adjacent slopes. The neighborhood commercial site is m relatively flat and wiU require minimal alterations (e.g., recontouring). ^ Current agricultural activities have resulted in modifications of the natural landform in the coastal hUls portion of the site. The proposed development plan would expand upon these areas as weU as create other development areas where topography a, permits. Proposed development areas have been primarily confined to areas with 'W slopes less than 25%. However, development proposed for areas with slopes between m 20 and 25% would conflict with the Carlsbad LCP poUcy which Umits development Mf - 19- areas to areas of 20% and less. (The grading which is proposed reflects the basic natural landform of the coastal hills but lessens the topographic severity.) The proposed extension of Cannon Road differs from the approved conceptual aUgnment (IB) for the roadway that is contained in the Agua Hedionda LCP. The (IB) aUgnment is primarily located outside of the designated wetland area. There are, however, one or two locations where the wetlands area travels up some canyons around the lagoon and the roadway crosses through the wetlands. The proposed aUgnment takes a more westerly course which places approximately 3,800 Unear feet of road in the designated wetlands area. (See Biological Resources, Section 3.4, for discussion of the road's impact on wetiand resources). The aUgnment wiU also require landform alternations in the southern portion of the study area as it exits the site. The remaining route of the road is located in unconstrained topography, thus minimizing landform alterations. However, it may be necessary to raise the roadway elevation to provide adequate lOO-year flood flow protection. Grading activities wiU offer potential for increased erosion and transport of sediment to the lagoon. Construction of the connector street from the commercial center to Csuinon Road would require landform alterations to the wetlands and lOO-year floodplain. Although the topography in this area is unconstrained, it may be necessary to raise or bridge the roadway to provide adequate conveyance for the Agua Hedionda Creek and to ensure lOO-year flood flow protection. 3.1.3 Mitigation Measures The foUowing poUcies, excerpted from the Agua Hedionda Land Use Plan, wiU be appUed to the project: 1. AU grading and landform alteration activities shaU be subject to the requirements of the Carlsbad Grading and Excavation Ordinance and the provisions of the Master Drainage Plan (PoUcy 4.1). 2. Additionally, grading permits in the plan area shaU include the foUowing mitigation measures (PoUcy 4.2): o Coordination of grading activities with the local precipitation pattern; gradii^ restricted during rainy season. o Avoidance of clearing operations in advance of grading. o Limited grading to the minimum area necessary to accomplish the proposed development. o Construction of drainage facilities prior to or concurrently with grading activities. o Grading of surfaces to direct runoff toward planned drainages and, if possible, away from cut and fiU slopes. o Early planting and maintenance of ground cover suitable for slope erosion control and maximum retention of natural vegetation. o Development projects shaU preserve, as feasible, natural drainage swales and landforms. -20- iti ititiiitlilti iliitiiiiiiili V / i I I KELLY RANCH ENHANCEMIENT AREA GENERAL PLANNING CONCEPT FOR THE 'FINGERS' AREA KELLY RANCH City Of Carlsbad EXHIBIT 7A 3. A 100-foot setback wiU be maintaned in a natural condition around the perimeter of the wetiands, unless the State Department of Fish and Game determines that a lesser setback or physical barrier is adequate (PoUcy 3, l.a). In addition, prior to approval of development in areas which have slopes greater than 20%, it wiU be necessary to demonstrate that the project is consistent with the Coastal Commission's goal of minimizing increased runoff and soU erosion. -21- 3.2 GEOLOGY/SOILS The foUowing information has been summarized from the Supplemental Environmental Studies prepared by the appUcant for the KeUy Ranch. The geotechnical investigation was conducted by the American Geotechnical Company; the report is avaUable for review in its entirety at the City's Development Services Department, 3.2.1 Existing Conditions Geologic Setting The site is located within the landform area known as Peninsular Range Geomorphic Province, an area characterized by the controlling features of the Peninsular Mountain Range. More specificaUy, the KeUy property Ues in the western flank of the province in coastal foothills. The geology of the site is shown on Exhibit 8. Surficial rock units onsite consist of a thin cap of unnamed river terrace deposits (Qtur). This is the youngest consoUdated unit onsite. The higher elevations are capped by a red-brown marine terrace deposit named the Linda Vista Formation (Qlv). This formation overUes the principal bedrock unit onsite, the Santiago Formation (Tsb,c). The Santiago Formation was identified by WUson (1972) who deUneated three members. The members are from oldest to youngest: a, b, and c. Portions of members b and c are present onsite. Lithology The sedimentary rocks in this area were mapped by Wilson (1972). Sandstones and claystones are the predominant rock types. In the Linda Vista Formation, distinctive red-brown clayey sands cap the highest ridges onsite. The unnamed river terrace deposits which Une the north bank of the Agua Hedionda Creek and floodplain are brown siltstones and claystones. Members B and C of the Santiago Formation are characterized by a predominance of sandstone usuaUy gray or white in color. Sandstones of member B typicaUy are finer grained, more consistent and wider spread. Lithologies of unit C are more variable as indicated by the presence of sUtstone, claystone and conglomerate units of varying colors, but stiU contain a large portion of gray or white sandstone. Both are cross-bedded and contain cemented nodules. SUtstone and claystones are common to both members B and C. In member B they are thin and lensoidal. In member C they are continuous and thicker. In both members clay seams are common. Surficial deposits consist of aUuvium (Qal) and coUuvium (Qcol). AUuvium is a stream-deposited sediment, occuring along creeks and in the bottom of guUies. The broad channel in the center of the property contains aUuvial deposits. CoUuvium is an accumulation of topsoU caused by a combination of deep weathering and downhiU creep. CoUuvium occurs on the lower portion of hiUsides and in the head of guUies and canyons, Uncompacted fiUs exist in the northwest portion of the site and along the various access roads. The depth of fiU is expected to be relatively shaUow but is presentiy unknown. -22- Geologic Structure and Faulting The bedding planes are of low to moderate angles, generaUy dipping between zero and thirty degrees. Within the terrace deposits, bedding is typicaUy very flat with dips of less than five degrees. In the Santiago Formation, bedding is between eight and thirty degrees, dipping to the west, northwest or north. Jointing and fracturing is infrequent. Faulting in the form of relatively short discontinuous inactive faults is common to the area. Inactive faults mapped onsite are indicated on Exhibit 8. Displacements are not known, but are beUeved to be smaU. These inactive faults are thought to be related to large-scale regional tectonic activity. Seismicity The site is located within a seismicaUy active area, as is aU of southern California. There are no active or potentiaUy active faults on or adjacent to the site. Adjacent and onsite faults are considered inactive. Because of the relatively long distances to active faults, seismic risk onsite is considered low when compared to other areas of southern CaUfornia. A Umited seismic hazard on the site is possible due to moderate groundshaking resiUting from events on distant regionaUy active faults. Table 2 Usts the active and potentisdly active faults which may affect the site. TABLE 2 SEISMICITY FOR MAJOR FAULTS m m Fault Distance From Site (MUes) Maximum Probable Earthquake Estimated Peak Bedrock Acceleration^ Repeatable High Ground Acceleration2 Estimated Modified MercaUi Intensity^ mm Elsinore 21 NE 7.0 .18 .18 va m San Jacinto 44 NE 7.5 .08 .08 VI Rose Canyon* 9 S 6.0 ,28 .18Vn Newport-Inglewood 50 NW 6.5 .04 .04 V m San Andreas 65 NE 7.5-8,0 .07 .07 VI m La Nacion 27 S 5,0 .03 .03 V BeUeved to be a potentiaUy active fault. 1. Schnabelic Seed (1973) 2. Ploessel & Slosson (1974) 3. Seismic Design for Nuclear Power Plants (1970) - 23 - Liquefaction Liquefaction is the phenomenon of soU losing aU shear strength as a result of pore pressures buUding up through several ground motion cycles. The soU type most prone to Uquefaetion occurrence is loose, relatively uniform, fine sand which is below groundwater. Within the wetland areas onsite, it is speculated that soU conditions may exist to present Uquefaetion hazards. Tsunamis and Seiches Tsunamis are large waves caused by offshore earthquakes. This site is located aproximately 1-3/4 mUes inland and in most areas several tens of feet above sea level. In the remote chance of a tsunami, the project site is buffered by the separate beachhead embankments (railroad and freeway) to the west; therefore risk of tsunemis-induced damage is considered low. Seiches are periodic osciUations of bodies of water caused by ground shaking from an earthquake. Because of the large area of water covered by the lagoon, a relatively long duration of shaking must occur to significanUy osciUate this volume of water. With the low to moderate accelerations and anticipated short duration of shaking for earthquakes in California, the risk of seiche occurrence is considered low. AdditionaUy, the flat configuration of the lagoon bottom is not conducive to the formation of seiches. Landsliding A large broad, subdued and humocky section of the study area just west of El Camino Real and south of Hidden VaUey Road has topographic simUarities to a landsUde. These features include a generaUy depressed landscape, erosion guUies and scarp-Uke steep slopes. Features observed in the field and on aerial photographs suggest this landform may be an ancient sUde. The features observed here also extend offsite to the northeast. Other much smaUer simUar features were observed onsite as weU as one positive landsUde in the center of the site. These, in general, wiU require subsurface work during future geotechnical investigations. Underlying formational materials are considered resistant to landsUding. SoUs Formational materials underlying the majority of the site are dense and resistant to subsidence. Wetiands, floodplains, aUuvial, coUuvial and uncompacted fiU areas are anticipated to be poorly consolidated. Mineral Resources No mineral resources were encountered onsite nor are any anticipated. AppUcable Local Coastal Program PoUcies The foUowing poUcies are excerpted from the Carlsbad LCP: o The provisions of the Uniform Building Code are not entirely adequate for earthquake protection. The City should continue to monitor the UBC's - 24 - iiivitltitlilili ( i iltiilliilllli I I I AMERICAN GEOTECHNICAL GEOLOGIC MAP OF THE KEUY PROPERTY8/27/83, PLATE 1 EXPLANATION AGUA HEDIONDA l_A<300N KELLY RANCH City of Carlsbad Q MBA EXHIBIT 8 th earthquake provisions and make recommendations for improvement. o Most development in Uquefaction-prone areas should have site-specific investigations done addressing the Uquefaetion problem and suggesting mitigation measures. New residential development in excess of 4 units, commercial, industrial, and pubUc faciUties shaU have site specific geologic investigations completed in known potential Uquefaetion areas (Carlsbad LCP, 4-17). 3.2.2 Impacts Based on the results of the geotechnical analysis, it has been detemined that no geotechnical conditions exist onsite that would preclude development. The areas considered most suitable for development are the highlands and areas adjacent to the wetiands. From a geotechnical standpoint, primary areas of Umited concem are described below. Seismicity Seismic phenomena which would possibly affect the site as a result of groundshaking from a regional earthquake include: 1. Moderate ground shaking, 2. SeismicaUy-induced ocean waves such as tsunamis and seiches, 3. Differential settiement, and 4. Liquefaction. Available information indicates that areas underlain by formational mat^als are not subject to differential settiement or Uquefaetion. Jn areas with high groundwater, differential compaction and Uquefaetion may occur. The potential for these impacts are dependent on depth to groundwater, soU characteristics and intensity and duration of groundshaking. Areas onsite Ukely to be affected by such phenomena are the marsh and wetiands and possible deep aUuvial channels associated with the creek. The site is buffered from tsunamis and seiches. AU of the site is susceptible to groundshaking to some degree. Compressible Soils Compressible soUs are Ukely to be encountered in guUles, canyon bottoms, wetlands and on the floodplain. Formational materials are generaUy quite dense and not subject to compression. In development areas compressible soils can be improved by remedial grading. Expansive Soils Although the majority of the site is underlain by sandy materials, local areas of expansive soils may be encountered. These are soUs which may be derived from the underlying siltstones found in members B and C of the Santiago Formation or clayey residual soils found in aUuvial and coUuvial deposits, as weU as within the two to three foot thick topsoil mantle. Some expansive soils may be encountered near the unnamed terrace deposits along the northwest boundary of the site. Expansive soils can be treated by selective grading and foundation design. -25- SoU Erosion The formational materials onsite are composed primarily of sand, and are expected to be moderately erodible. Examples of this can be seen in the badlands areas near the southeastern portions of the site. Erosion potential can be mitigated through control of drainage and landscaping. Slope Stability Natural slope stabiUty, excepting locaUzed areas, is good. Some features suggest the possibiUties of an ancient landsUde in the northeast part of the property. However, the overaU good stabiUty of natural slopes suggests that a simUar condition could be achieved in man-made slopes. LocaUy adverse conditions can be avoided in development plans or remediaUy graded. 3.2.3 Mitigation Measures The mitigation measures for geologic impacts are principaUy standardized engineering recommendations and encompass the foUowing: 1. Removal of the upper portions of coUuvium, aUuvium, topsoil or landsUde debris wiU be required prior to placement of fiU in areas of these materials. Specific grading recommendations for removal depths wiU be determined as part of future, more detaUed geotechnical studies (see No. 4 below). 2. Areas of uncompacted fUl should undergo detaUed stabiUty evaluations and/or regrading. 3. Further slope stabUity investigations, as recommended by the geotechnical consultant, wiU be conducted for the mapped landsUde areas and areas of potential slope instabUity within the proposed Umits of future development. Should unfavorable sUdes or potential sUde conditions be encountered, they may be removed during grading or stabUized by means of buttressing or reorientation of slope direction. 4. A detsuled geotechnical and soUs ^gineering report wiU be prepared subsequent to development of preUminary design layouts and final grading plans (e.g., at the tentative tract map preparation stages). This report wiU provide further, more detaUed measures for treatment of excavational (ripping) difficulties, cut and fiU slopes, expansive soils, faults and Uquefaetion potential. 5. AU structures wiU be designed in accordance with the Uniform BuUding Code and appUcable city codes to ensure safety in the event of an earthquake. 6. The project wiU comply with the city's Grading and Excavation Ordinance. Erosion potential can be reduced by planting, replacement with cohesive soUs not subject to erosion and/or treatment with soil cement. -26- 3.3 HYDROLOGY 3.3.1 Existing Conditions The study area is situated within the Carlsbad Hydrologic unit. This unit is a triangular-shaped area of about 210 square mUes, extending from Lake Wohlford on the east to the Pacific Ocean on the west, and from Vista on the north to Cardiff-by- the-Sea on the south. Agua Hedionda Lagoon encompasses a smaU portion of the southwest corner of the study area. The lagoon is subject to water level variation governed largely by tides.^ The site is subject to tidal influences along the Agua Hedionda Creek at the lower elevations. Drainage^ The Agua Hedionda Creek is the principal drainage feature of the site. As shown on Exhibit 9, the creek is shaUow and indistinct as it traverses the site. Agua Hedionda Creek and a major tributary, Buena Creek, together drain an area of 29 square mUes or 18,560 acres. The drainage area is bounded on the north by a range of hills just south of State Highway 72; to the south by Palomar Airport Road, and to the northeast by the San Marcos Mountains. Agua Hedionda Creek, originates in the hills south of San Marcos Mountains and flows in a southwesterly direction to its confluence with Buena Vista Creek about 3 mUes downstream. From this point it turns westerly and enters Agua Hedionda Lagoon 6 mUes downstream. The average stream gradients along Agua Hedionda Creek range from 43 feet per mUe (upper reaches) to 35 feet per mUe (lower reaches) with the exception of an extremely steep section (Los Monos Canyon) where gradients attain 180 feet per mUe. Downstream from Los Monos Canyon, the creek broadens into a shaUow wider channel with gentiy rolling overbanks that changes into an improved channel through the Rancho Carlsbad MobUe Park and golf course. Below El Camino Real (onsite) the natural channel becomes shaUow and indistinct with a very broad floodplain which becomes inundated at times of heavy flooding. Along the northem boundary of the site is a smaU strip of gentiy roUing hUls and guUies. The guUies drain generaUy southward to the creek and ultimately to the lagoon. In the southeast portion of the site, rolling hills and erosional gulUes drain principaUy northward and westward to the creek and lagoon. A smaU vaUey and several tributary canyons in the southeastem area of the site drain to the southwest. Flooding The magnitude of the intermediate regional flood (lOO-year period) is estimated to generate flows of 10,500 cubic feet per second whUe the Standard Project Flood (greatest flood Ukely to occur) is projected to achieve flows of 15,000 cubic feet per second. Major flooding along Agua Hedionda Creek and its tributaries mostiy occurs from December to April, although it can occur at any time of the year. (See Exhibit 9 for a map of the lOO-year floodplain.) Other than during these periods, there is Uttle stream flow and consequently very littie fresh water reaches the lagoon on a regular basis. Historical records indicate that damaging floods have occurred in 1 Final EIR #329, Agua Hedionda Specific Plan. ^ 2 Ibid. - 27 - 1862, 1884, 1895, 1916, 1927, 1932, 1938, and 1942. During these flood periods considerable sediment presumably entered the lagoon. Groundwater Groundwater is present in the wetland, floodplain and marsh areas, near the lagoon and creek bed. Perched and seasonal groundwater may be found in guUies and canyons which feed the main drainage area and lagoon. No free groundwater is anticipated in the geologic formational materials onsite. Water QuaUty The study area drains directly into the Agua Hedionda Lagoon. The lagoon waters are basicaUy ocean water only sUghUy modified by entrapment in the lagoon. Due to the minor and seasonal fresh water input, the saUnity of the lagoon waters is generaUy simUar to that of the adjacent ocean water. The lagoon receives adequate tidal flushing and minimal amounts of chemicals enter the lagoon, thus water quaUty of Agua Hedionda is very good and eutrophication does not present a water quality problem. 1 Applicable Local Coastal Program Policies The foUowing poUcies are excerpted from the Agua Hedionda LCP: o Maintenance dredging and channel alteration must be performed in a manner consistent with the applicable sections of the Coastal Act. AU dredging activities wiU require a permit from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers with review by appropriate agencies, including the Department of Fish and Game and the U.S. Fish and WUdlife Service. In addition, a Department of Fish and Game 1601-03 permit may be required (PoUcy 3.3). o AU development or uses within the lOO-year floodplain shaU adhere to the provisions of the Carlsbad Floodplain Zone Ordinance, except as specificaUy modified by this plan (PoUcy 3.10). o Development projects shaU provide for improvements indicated in the Master Drainage Plcm, and shaU Umit the rate of runoff through the provision of onsite catchment basins, desilting basins, subsurface drains, and simUar improvements as necessary. Runoff shaU be controUed in such a way that the velocity and rate of runoff leaving the site shaU not exceed that of the site in its natural state (PoUcy 4.3). The foUowing poUcies are contained in the Carlsbad LCP: o Drainage and runoff shaU be controUed so as not to exceed at any time the rate associated with property in its present state, and appropriate measures shaU be taken on and/or off site to prevent sUtation of lagoons and other environmentaUy sensitive areas. 1. Comprehensive Planning Organization of the San Diego Region, Plan Summary, Areawide Water Quality Management Plan. -28- 1 I I liitltlilftllli ililliiililiii I I I LEGEND AREAS PROPOSED FOR DEVELOPMENT HEDIONDA LAGOON [K]TO[^(Q)[L(Q)(iV KELLY RANCH City of Carlsbad ihHiQMBA EXHIBIT 9 ^ o Appropriate measures shaU be instaUed prior to completion of onsite ^ grading. ^ 3.3.2 Impacts Drainage m The ^oposed urban development within the study area, as would the implementation of the existing Genered Plan, wiU result in modification of onsite storm runoff * volumes, velocities and drainage patterns. Increases in surface runoff volumes and ^ velocities from the proposed development areas can be expected because of the increase in impervious surfaces (i.e., roadways, walkways, roofs of structures and ^ parking lots). General patterns of drainage within the proposed development areas wiU remain essentiaUy the same; however the northernmost portion of Agua * Hedionda Creek wiU be modified as the result of the proposed crossing of Cannon Road. m ^ As can be seen on Exhibit 5, Cannon Road is proposed to cross Agua Hedionda Creek prior to its "T" intersection with El Camino Real. The connector street to the ^ commercial site is also i;^oposed to cross Agua Hedionda Creek. Accomodating the extension of Cannon Road and the commercial connector wiU result in alterations of the streambed and adjacent floodplain (e.g., bri(^e fiU emplacements) of Agua Hedlonda Creek. With the provision of an appropriate bridge and adequately sized ^ culvert undercrossing structures (yet to be determined), the road crossings would not m be expected to affect the abiUty of the watercourse to convey runoff generated in the upstream watershed. " A storm drain plan has not yet been prepared for the project; however, it can be * expected that the majority of the site wUl drain into the Agua Hedlonda Creek and lagoon. The City's Master Plan of Drainage indicates several existing storm drains " terminating at the site from the adjacent residential area. The Master Plan of II Drainage does not designate any proposed improvements within the study area. Flooding As mentioned previously, major flooding (lOO-year stormflows) along the drainage course of Agua Hedionda Creek would present a potential hazard for future development onsite. The project, as proposed, has development areas within the ^ existing floodplain zone (i.e., portions of the neighborhood commercial and the residential areas in the low lying portions of the site adjacent to Agua Hedionda Creek). This type of development in the lOO-year floodplain confUcts with PoUcy 1.2 of the ^ Agua Hedionda LCP which states that "no permanent structures or impermeable surfacing or fiUing shaU be permitted within the lOO-year floodplain." Therefore any * development in the existing floodplain would require sufficient floodproofing measures to remove the developable area from the floodplain. m ^ To accomodate development of the neighborhood commercial, it would be necessary to channeUze Agua Hedionda Creek with sufficient capacity to handle lOO-year ^ stormflows. It is likely that Agua Hedionda Creek would be channeUzed from El Camino Real to just south of the connector street to the commercial site. From this point southward to the creek's confluence with Agua Hedionda I^agoon, it would w probably be necessary to incorporate other floodproofing measures in the project mm -29- design to protect development located in the existing lOO-year floodplain. These measures could include berming, walls or raising buUding elevations. Groundwater The introduction of impervious surfaces within the proposed development areas wiU result in some reduction of stormwater percolation to the groundwater tables immediately underlyii^ those portions of the site. Because groundwater primarUy occurs in the streambed and floodplain, the anticipated reduction in percolation is not expected to affect groundwater suppUes in the area significantly. Landscaping irrigation wUl offset partiaUy the reduction of percolation caused by the introduction of impervious surfaces. Water QuaUty Implementation of the proposed project wiU have both short-term and long-term effects on water quaUty in the Agua Hedionda Lagoon. Grading and earthwork activities during the construction phases of development offer the greatest potential for increased erosion and transport of sediment to the lagoon. This would be a short- term impact, aUeviated after construction and project landscaping are completed. The introduction of urban land uses wiU have long-term impacts on water quaUty. Over the Ufe of the project, urban poUutants (e.g., oU, grease and heavy metals) wUl coUect on streets and parking areas and subsequenUy be washed into Agua Hedionda Creek and lagoon during storm events. TypicaUy, the majority of these poUutants are washed off the streets during the first storm of the winter season (provided at least one-half inch of rainfaU occurs). In addition, the Areawide Water QuaUty Management Plan prepared by the Comprehensive Planning Organization (now SANDAG) states that agricultural and rural land contribute more sediment to stormwater runoff than urbanized land. However, this does not account for the locaUzed short-term impacts associated with the land disturbing aspects of new developm«it/construction. 3.3.3 Mitigation Measures The foUowing poUcies, excerpted from the Agua Hedionda LCP, wiU mitigate drainage impacts upon implementation: 1. A runoff control plan wiU be prepared by a Ucensed engineer quaUfied in hydrology and hydrauUes demonstrating that there wiU be no significant increase in peak runoff rate from the developed site over the greatest discharge expected from the existing undeveloped site as a result of 6-hour, 10- year frequency storm. Runoff control may be accomplished by a variety of methods including such devices as catchment basins, detention basins, sUtation traps, or other appropriate measures. 2. Development approvals shaU include detailed maintenance provisions for repair and maintenance of approved drainage and erosion control faculties. Permanent runoff control and erosion control devices shaU be instaUed prior to or concurrent with onsite grading activities. 3. Development shaU meet aU other requirements of the Agua Hedionda LCP, including the provisions of the Carlsbad Grading Ordinance and Master Drainage Plan. -30- m In addition, the foUowing measures are incorporated into the project, or otherwise m suggested, to minimize potential hydrauUc impacts: ^ 4. The provision of an appropriate bridge with adequately sized culvert undercrossing structures for the proposed aUgnment of Cannon Road and the " commercial connector street across Agua Hedionda Creek wiU avoid potential m hazards of washout and wiU maintan the existing conveyance capacity. The bri<^e and culvert dimensions wiU be determined during subsequent, more m detaUed levels of project planning. 5. Development of appropriate stormwater poUution control plans, e.g., a street ^ sweeping program and/or a program of periodic storm drain, and catch basin, cleaning merits consideration to reduce long-term impacts to water quaUty in *• Agua Hedionda Lagoon. 6. Appropriate floodproofing measures wiU be incorporated into project design to ^ provide lOO-year flood protection to the development areas located in the 100- year floodplain. These measures could include channeUzation, walls, elevation ^ of buUding pads, etc. - 31 - 3.4 SarOLOGICAL RESOURCES A biological resources survey of the KeUy Ranch was conducted in October 1982 and March 1983 by Pacific Southwest Biological Services, Inc. (PSBS) for Ultrasystems as part of the Supplemental Environmental Studies for KeUy Ranch. The results of the PSBS survey were field checked by Michael Brandman Associates, Inc. (MBA) on June 16, 1983, and found to be generaUy accurate. The findings of the PSBS survey are summarized below. 3.4.1 Existing Conditions Vegetation As shown on Exhibit 10, the vegetation of the study area consists of seven natural plant associations, including coastal salt marsh, tidal flat, freshwater marsh, riparian woodland, chaparral, maritime sage scrub and annual grassland. Disturbance of the property by truck crop farming, grazing, road construction, pine tree plantations, eucalyptus grove plantations and agriculturaUy related landform alterations have resulted in several areas of non-native vegetation. AdditionaUy, open sandy areas occur in the lower elevations of the main vaUey and at the mouth of KeUy Drive Canyon. The distribution of the natural plant communities on the site, their characteristic species, and site coverage are described briefly below. Tidal Flat In the tidal reach of Agua Hedionda Lagoon, a marine meadow habitat occurs. Though colonies of Zostera were not observed, algal growth is variable in its extent, being best developed in more protected sites. This inundated area occupies about 17 acres of the property. Coastal Salt Marsh Salt marsh vegetation occurs on tidal and above tidal areas, to an elevation of 10 feet. The representative species of the community are SaUeornia virginica, S. subterminalis, Frankenia grandifoUa, Suaeda californica, Jaumea carnosa and Monanthochloe UttoraUs. The areas mapped as salt marsh total approximately 22 acres. The influence of freshwater run-off from Agua Hedionda Creek, Macario Canyon and KeUy Drive Canyon is seen in the growth of freshwater marsh vegetation. Cat-tails (Typha spp.), spiny rush (Juncus acutus), bulrush (Seirpus spp.), arrowweed (Tessaria sericea), yerba mansa (Anemopsis californica) and spike-rush (Eleocharis montevidensis) characterize most areas of freshwater marsh. This marsh habitat is often adjacent to riparian woodland. The distinction between the two consists largely of the presence or absence of tree species. Freshwater marsh covers approximately 25 acres of the property. Rip£u:ian woodland is located primarily in the main vaUey along Agua Hedionda Creek. WiUows are the principal trees of this woodland, i.e., Salix goodingii and S. lasiolepis. Exotic tamarisk, (Tamarix pentandra) has excaped to a low degree and a few taU eucalyptus (Eucalyptus viminalis) also are scattered about this community. The four areas of rip€inan woodland onsite comprise approximately 22 acres. - 32 - I II II ti fti tl tl ti tl ( ti II II 11 II il II ^i ti ( VEGETATION AND LAND USE CATEGORIES SENSITIVE ORGANISM LOCATIONS AF - Alluvial Fan CH - Chaparral CU - Cultivated DI - Disturbed EA - Acacia Grove EX - Excavated GS - Eucalyptus Grove FA - Fallow Fields FI - Fin FW - Freshwater Harsh GL - Annual Grassland IP - Irrigated Pasture HS - Harltlm Sage Scrub OR - Orchard OS - Open, sandy areas PI - Pine Plantation RE - Residence RI - Riparian UoodUnd SH - Coastal Salt Marsh TF - Tidal Flat I- Adolphia californica I- Belding's Savannah Sparnw Ceanothus verrucosus ®- Black-tailed Gnat catcher -(unconflmed sighting) i~ California Least Tem I- Red-tailed Hawk nest \- Light-footed Clapper Rail I- Least Bell's Vireo IZH DEVELOPMENT AREAS KELLY RANCH City of Carlsbad •OURCE: aUPPLEMENTAL KELLY HANCH STUDIES. ULTRA^YSTEMI ihfijQMBA EXHIBIT 10 •I Chaparral and maritime sage scrub are located in the upland portions of the property, the latter occurring mainly on non-northfacing slopes. The low sage scrub comprised mostiy CaUfornia sagebrush (Artemisia caUfornica), flat-top buckwheat (Eriogonum fasciculatum), goldenbrush (Haplapappus venetus) and sand-aster (Corethrogyne fUaginifoUa var. virgata). Sage scrub habitat occupies 47 acres of the site. Chaparral occurs on the site as mixed chaparral. LocaUy, this plant community is termed coast mixed chaparral or broad-leaf chaparral. The shrub species of this community onsite include lemonadeberry (Rhus integrifoUa), scrub oak (Quercus dumosa), black sage (Salvia meUifera), chemise (Adenostoma fasciculatum) and toyon (Heteromeles arbutif^a). The generaUy impenetrable chaparral community occurs mostiy on KeUy Peak and is best developed on north-facing slopes. Forty-three acres of mixed chaparral occur on-site. Grassland is Umited to disturbed areas of annual grasses and forbs containing a few scattered specimens of the native, purple needlegrass (Stipa pulchra). These open grassland sites total approximately 2 acres of the property. Sensitive Plant Species Sensitive plant species are those Usted by state or federal agencies, or conservation groups, such as the California Native Plant Society (Smith, et al. 1980), as being rare, threatened, or endangered by extinction potential. Tlie property contains only plants Usted by the Califomia Native Plant Society. Sensitive species noted on site are described below. Adolphia californica occurs in chaparral at the southeast side of the property. This site was burned recentiy and the plants are recovering. A few colonies also occur east of the powerUne behind homes at Loma Laguna Drive. The populations of •* Adolphia onsite are noteworthy but not considered significant due to their Umited ^ extent onsite and low overaU rarity. " Ceanthus verrucosus is found in mixed chaparral onsite in very low densities. Those plants observed (approximately 15) were located in the southeastem portion of the »* property; however, more shrubs of the species could possibly occur in the thick chaparral on the north side of KeUy Peak. As with Adolphia, the populations of * Ceanothus verrucosus onsite are not considered significant. * FAUNA m Faunal species Usts and descriptions are found in Bradshaw (1976) and are m summarized below. m Fish The property contains very Uttle, if any, open tidal waters, except during extremely high tides. Should any portion of the property become inundated by tides, a fish fauna of some 42 species may come to inhabit or utUize the property (see Bradshaw, 1976). None of the fish species are considered rare or endangered by government or other organizations. -33- Amphibians and Reptiles Pacific treefrogs (Hyla regiUa) and buUfrogs (Rana catesbeiana) occur in riparian habitats in the main vaUey. Treefrogs occur also in isolated localities throughout the property wherever moist conditions prevaU. Side-blotched Uzards (Uta stansburiana) and westem fence Uzards (Sceloporig occidentalis) were the only reptUes detected on the property during the survey. The two-striped gartersnake (Thamnophis couchi hammondi), reported in Bradshaw (1976), and is designated as a "protected reptUe" by the CaUfornia Fish and Game Commission. It is also Usted as "rare" by the Intemational Union for the Conservation of Nature and Natural Resources (lUCN Red Data Book 1979). This animal is generaUy found in the vicinity of perennial water sources and, if present on the property, would be expected in the riparian areas in the main vaUey bottom. The orange-throated whiptaU (Cnemidophorous hyperythrus) is a possible resident of the site in areas of open brush and loose soU. This species usuaUy emerges from hibernation in late March or April Mid should be visible at that time. It is considered "vulnerable" by the lUCN (1979), "threatened" by the San Diego Herpetological Society (SDHS 1980), and "threatened" by the San Diego Non-game WUdUfe Subcommittee (1979). Another unobserved but expected species is the San Diego horned Uzard (Phyrnosoma coronatum blaineviUei), a resident of shrub communities of the county. It carries the same classification as the preceding species except that the SDHS considers it "endangered." If it occurs on the property, this species should be detected in late spring. Neither the orange-throated whiptaU nor the San Diego horned Uzard is considered rare or endangered by the state or federal government. As coastal sage scrub, chaparral, and riparian habitats are encroached upon, reptUe populations are reduced in size and some species are eUminated. This is undoubtedly already the case for the property surveyed. Thus, the reptUe fauna on the property is probably already depauperate to some degree. Birds A total of 58 bird species were detected on the property during the 1982 and 1983 surveys. An October 1977 bird survey (Claude Edwards, personal communication) reported an additional 21 species. Bradshaw (1976) reported 55 water-associated and 47 terrestrial birds for the area. Additional birds known to occur in the area are the least BeU's vireo (Vireo beUii pusiUus), Ught-footed clapper raU (RaUus longirostris levipes), California le«5t tem (Sterna albifrons), snowy plover (Charadrius alexandrinus), barn owl (Tyto alba), great horned own (Bubo virginianus), blue-gray gnatcatcher (PoUoptUa caerulea), and numerous others. The presence of water and water-related habitats near the property greatly augments the number of bird species occurring on the site. An active (March 1983) red-taUed hawk nest occurs in a eucalyptus grove at the far eastem property boundary near El Camino Real. Other raptor nests were not found on-site although a total of 6 raptor species was observed, including the fuUy protected white-taUed kite. These birds associate primarUy with the riparian woodland and creek vaUey, while foraging over field and scrub habitats. The black-taUed gnatcatcher occurs in coastal sage scrub vegetation along the lagoon perimeter. The species was detected at several localities on aU sides of the lagoon supporting sage scrub vegetation. Everett (1979) listed it as "decUning" while Remsen U (1980) considered it to be a "second priority" decUning species. It is not presentiy listed by state or federal agencies as rare or endangered. - 34- en m m The federal and state endangered CaUfornia least tern is a regular spring/summer visitor to the lagoon and its environs. This bird forages for smaU fish in shaUow waters present in drainage creeks, ponds, and at the edge of the lagoon proper. It has nested in the past in several locaUties in the study area. Recent breeding attempts have faUed due to off-road vehicle activities and predation, some of which results from domestic cats in the area (EUzabeth Copper, personal communication). The snowy plover, another species that is sensitive but not presentiy listed by state <x federal govemmental agencies, nested successfuUy on the property in areas preferred also by least terns. This species would also very Ukely benefit from improvement and protection of least tem nesting sites. This bird occurs on the Audubon Blue List (1982), and is considered "decUning" as a breeding species by Everett (1979). The State endangered Belding's savannah sparrow is a resident of larger stands of SaUeornia vegetation on the property. Habitat losses to development have caused the decUne of this species in coastal wetiands. The least BeU's vireo has been observed at the easternmost end of the riparian woodland in the Agua Hedionda Creek vaUey during the winter (EUzabeth Copper, personal communication) and may breed there in the spring. It was not detected during the March 1983 survey. Mammals The report by Bradshaw (1976) lists 27 species of mammals as occurring in the habitats present on the property. These species are restricted largely to the uplands and riparian vegetation, where they form an integral part of the natural communities existing in these vegetation stands. None of these are considered sensitive by government agencies at this time. The larger, more sensitive c^edators such as bobcats and coyotes are more vulnerable to human activity and development, particularly in denning areas. The badger is no longer resident on the property. APPUCABLE LOCAL COASTAL PROGRAM POLICIES The Agua Hedionda LCP poUcies relative to biological resources are as foUows: o No uses shaU occur within the boundaries of the wetiand area, except those activities necessary for maintenance, resource management, farming, and grazing, except as approved by the State Department of Fish and Game (PoUcy 3.1): a. A buffer strip of at least 100 feet in width shaU be maintained in a natural condition around the perimeter of aU wetiands or environmentaUy sensitive habitat areas, unless the State Department of Fish and Game determines that a lesser setback or physical barrier is adequate; b. Fencing shaU be required to prevent uncontroUed access of persons or domestic animals into the wetland or environmentaUy sensitive areas; c. No vehicle, pedestrian, or equestrian access shaU be permitted within either the wetiand, environmentaUy sensitive, or buffer areas, except for resource management and educational purposes. -35- o The wetiand areas mapped by the State Department of Fish and Game shaU be acquired by an appropriate management agency, subject to the avaUabiUty of funding. Methods of acquisition of those wetlands east of I- 5 ShaU be thoroughly explored by the City, Coastal Conservancy, State Department of Fish and Gameand property owners (PoUcy 3.2): o Wetiands mapgHUg by the Department of Fish and Game shaU be further analyzed to deUneate degraded wetiands capable of restoration (PoUcy 3.5). o The implementation phase of the LCP shaU include specific provisions for assuring protection of wetlands in the design of adjacent new development, including provision of adequate buffer areas, protective fencing, revegetation, etc. (PoUcy 3.6). 3.4.2 Impacts GENERAL IMPACTS The primary development plan for the project site includes residential dweUings, a recreation center, a neighborhood commercial center and approximately 255 acres of permanent open space. These uses wiU primarUy impact uplands vegetation and habitats. In the southeast portion of the site, extensive strips of mixed chaparral on steep slopes wUl be retained as open space, whUe areas presently in agricultural production wiU be converted to residential use. Thus, impacts to chaparral vegetation wUl be minimal. Correspondingly, wUdUfe inhabitants of the chaparral wUl remain to some degree. The Umited width of the retained habitat strips increases the amount of habitat "edge" open to disturbance by future residents and their pets. Also, some chaparral inhabitants wiU periodicaUy move into surrounding human environs and graduaUy be eUminated by domestic pet predation and pet coUecting activities. This is particularly probable with respect to horned Uzards and orange-throated whiptaUs, if present on the site. Sage scrub vegetation occurs in the southern portion of the property as weU as along parts of the northern perimeter of the lagoon and creek vaUey. The existing sage scrub occurs primarUy in relatively narrow strips between agricultural lands and developments or between developments and open space areas. Whereas the removal of approximately 40% of the existing stands of this vegetation during development wiU result in a general reduction of wildUfe on the property, the retention of the remaining 60% of this vegetation in open space wiU permit a sizable portion of the present fauna to remain onsite. Sensitive reptiles wiU probably be more strongly affected than birds because they are more vulnerable to capture. The black-taUed gnatcatcher wiU be directly impacted and wiU experience lower population levels. The loss of agricultural lands to development wiU minimaUy impact wUdlife, since this habitat is generaUy of Umited value for foraging. Cultivated land serves as a good buffer between development and open-space lands, serving to diminish the effect of human-generated disturbances on open-space wildlife. Freshwater marsh may be impacted by sUtation along the pipeUne (dirt) road on the north side of the Agua Hedionda Creek vaUey, where proposed fiUing may encroach upon stands of cat-taUs and spiny rush. The proposed development of the northwest "fingers" area may also partiaUy impact a weU-developed marsh that harbors the endangered Ught-footed clapper raU and various other bird species. Any loss of weU- -36- m m m * ^ developed freshwater marsh is a significant impact because this habitat is generaUy uncommon in coastal southern California. m M Salt marsh vegetation is relatively scarce in coastal southern CaUfornia and its removal wUl naturaUy decrease the total acreage extant. Thus, any losses on this m site wiU add to the cumulative reduction of this vegetation type. WUdUfe associated ^ with this habitat wiU experience a related loss of foraging and/or nesting area. Riparian vegetation wiU be minimaUy impacted by the proposed project as this " habitat occurs primarUy in Agua Hedionda Creek vaUey within the proposed open m space area. Removal of several smaU stands of wiUows occurring in minor side drainages wiU incrementaUy reduce the size of forage and nesting habitat avaUable 4* for a variety of smaU passerine species. However, most riparian habitat wiU be retained in open space. The least BeU's vireo observed in this habitat during the winter of 1982-83 is not expected to be be impacted significantiy by the project. Likewise, the two-striped garter snake that may occur in this and adjacent habitats * should be only minimaUy impacted. m Road construction wiU require excavation and fiUing of natural and previously "I disturbed habitats, which wiU naturaUy reduce the size of local wUdlife populations to a minor degree. The noise and activity associated with roads wiU impact adjacent habitats and resident wUdlife to an unknown but probably minimal degree. If animals ^ are disturbed too frequentiy, they wiU either be displaced into quieter areas or reproduce poorly and maintain marginal populations in the vicinity of the * disturbance- ^ The amount of sedimentation that wiU result from the development is unknown. gg Proper landscaping and ^osion control methods should minimize this impact. Post- development sedimentation rates may actuaUy be lower than at present because «, some presentiy cultivated (i.e., highly erodable) fields wiU be replaced by houses with various types of groundcover to intercept rain and reduce erosion. Sedimentation *• accelerates the process of lagoon fiUing by reducing the lagoon bottom depth and by graduaUy extencUng the eastern lagoon shoreUne towards the west. m m SPECDFIC IMPACTS m Five areas on the KeUy property proposed for development are of particular ^ biologic£d concem. These areas are discussed below. Development Area, "Fingers Location" Ml The present status of the marshy habitat in the "fingers" area includes relatively undisturbed mudflat that is infrequentiy inundated by tidal waters. The productivity m of this mudflat is low relative to r^ularly inundated tidal flats. Thus, a potential does exist for enhancing the lagoon in this area. The upland "fingers" themselves are included within the wetland boundcu-ies defined in the Local Coastal Flan (Tessier 1982), however, they presentiy are not functional wetiands. They Ue far above the ^ salt marsh vegetation and are covered primarUy by ruderal and sage scrub plant H species. The present mudflats and "fingers" also serve as a high quaUty buffer between human activities to the north and the lagoon edge. This buffering effect is m very important to the maintenance of the lagoon avifauna, and some buffer wUl be required between any future development and the wetland boundary. m -37- Development in the "Angers" themselves wiU necessitate fiUing of the wetlands, which wiU eUminate both mudflat habitat and approximately 1,5 acres of salt marsh vegetation. This vegetation is habitat for the Belding's savannah sparrow which would naturaUy be displaced by any filUng operatons. The presence of residential dweUings (and their associated wildUfe disturbance elements - pets, exploring residents, etc.) near the lagoon would reduce the use of the shoreUne by a variety of water-associated birds. Development in the more easterly area containing fresh-brackish water pond and marsh vegetation would eUminate use of this section of habitat by a portion of the area population of the endangered U^t-footed clapper raU and Belding's savannah sparrow, and a variety of shorebirds, wading birds, waterfowl, egrets, and herons. FoUowing development, the presence of humans in this area wiU further degrade the adjacent wetland through indirect factors such as loose domestic pets and exploring chUdren. If development remains back from the edge of the wetland, impacts should be considerably reduced and endangered and other species should continue to inhabit the area. The existing mudflats in this area are generaUy not used by birds except during extreme high tides. More frequent tidal inundation would increase bird use of this habitat as weU as increase the aesthetic value of the site for future residents. The proposed land use plan delineates this area for medium-high density residential land use. Two alternative development scenarios have been proposed for this location. The details of these proposals would be determined by subsequent studies. Both scenarios would require consultation with, and permit acquisition from, the Coastal Commission, California Department of Fish and Game, U.S. Fish and WUdlife Service, and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers. Each scenario is discussed below. Scenario A - The first proposal would create three islands out of the ends of the western three "fingers" by excavating a channel that would separate the outer ends from the "mainland." The width of the channels should be at least 100 feet with dimensions of the islands approximately 100 feet by 200 feet. Excavated soU could be used to fiU the inner ends of the "fingers" embayments so that a sUghUy sinuous mainland shoreUne was created. The existing flats around the islands should be lowered to graduaUy sloping elevations that would ensure daUy tidal inundation. The channel between the mainland and the islands should be excavated to below sea level so that at no time would it be possible to walk to the islands. A channel (5 to 10 feet wide) should connect these channels with the lagoon proper. AU development adjacent to the marsh or succulent vegetation should incorporate an adequate buffer varying between 20 to 100 feet depending upon the wildUfe value of the vegetation. Scenario B - The second approach would include the removal of the outer ends of the "fingers" and the use of excavated material to fiU in the innermost ends of the adjacent smaU embayments. This would increase the amount of mudflat habitat toward the lagoon whUe reducing the mudflats toward the north. As part of this action, the elevation of the flats between the "fingers" and on the lagoon side of the "fingers" would be lowered to an elevation that would aUow daUy tidal flushing. Development adjacent to the marsh or salt-flat succulent vegetation should incorporate an adequate buffer varying between 20 to 100 feet, depending upon the wUdlife value of the vegetation. Low, preferably native, vegetation could be planted between the development and wetland border to serve as an aestheticaUy pleasing buffer zone. The slope of the shoreUne should be sufficientty sloped so that -38- m m the buffer strip is clearly visible to birds feeding on exposed flats. This wiU reduce the UkeUhood of an unobserved approach by predators such as domestic cats. Loss of a portion of the inner "fingers" embayments, with a minimum of salt-flat succulent vegetation, wiU be balanced by a gain in wetiand area at the outer "finger" tips. Furthermore, the existing high elevation flats wiU be lowered so that they t>ecome regularly tidal and foster development of salt marsh succulent vegetation at their higher elevations and unvegetated tidal flats at lower elevations. In order to avoid disturbance to existing Belding's savannah spcurows, the weU-developed SaUeornia vegetation along the western property boundary should not be excavated. Either scenario would increase the amount of developable land to the north as weU as expand the amount of productive habitat in the wetiand. The lagoon tidal prism would be increased to an unknown degree. Developm^it Area, "East of Fingers Area" As shown on Exhibit 10, development is proposed in the lowland area just east of the "fingers" area. This development wiU impact both freshwater marsh and coastal salt marsh by fiUing activities. Belding's savannah sparrows were recorded just south of this development area in the March 1983 survey. This sensitive species could be impacted by development activities. Development Area, "Recreation Commercial" Construction of the proposed recreation area wiU eUminate approximately 3 acres of salt marsh vegetation. The primary stand is homogeneous and weU-developed on the site but harbored no Belding's savannah sparrows in March 1983. Therefore, this species wiU apparentiy not be impacted at this particular site. This stand is isolated from the main wetiand to the west by Hidden VaUey Road, which may explain the bird's absence in this apparently suitable habitat. With the exception of pacific It treefrogs, other wUdlife were not detected at this site. Thus, the primary impact wiU be the loss of a portion of a vegetation type that is declining. This loss is considered significant because it constitutes an impact to the wetiands, however, it ^ should be possible to mitigate the loss in the open areas to the west. The other smaU stands of salt marsh vegetation along the southem property boundary have been ^ degraded by cultivation and road construction activities. These stands also are isolated from the wetiand to the west and do not contain Belding's savannah ** sparrows. Impacts of the recreation center on this area would be insignificant. ^ Development Area, "Neighborhood Commercial" m Development in this area may require the removal of some or aU existing eucalyptus MB trees. If the trees are removed, perching habitat for a variety of birds, including several raptor species, wiU be lost. Also, the red-taUed hawk nest in this section wiU be eUminated. The loss of any raptor nest is a significant impact to the biological resources on the property. However, other stands of eucalyptus trees occur in the * immediate area and may possibly t>e used as nest sites by the displaced birds. m Moreover, red-taU hawks are a common bird in San Diego County and presentiy are in no danger of population reductions. Notwithstanding, incremental losses of m suitable nest sites wiU eveutuaUy cause reduced number of these birds in the area. •* A riparian woodland occurs in this part of the property in a drainage depression that was formerly the main creek channel. The woodland is fairly weU developed in some m -39- areas and serves as habitat for a variety of passerine bird species. Although not as weU-developed as the riparian woodland further to the west, this stand is nonetheless of considerable value to birds on the property. Its removal would add to the incremental loss of riparian woodland in the County. The construction of Cannon Road and the commercial connector road wiU necessitate the diversion of existing water flows, thereby eUminating the drainage through this riparian channel. The commercial connector road traverses a defined wetland area, but as can be noted on Exhibit 10, the area currentiy functions as faUow fields and irrigated pastures. Cannon Road Construction (South-Central Section) Construction of this road wiU remove smaU patches of sage scrub as weU as require the filUng of the smaU stand of salt marsh vegetation northeast of the recreation area. An insignificant amount of marsh vegetation along the existing road wiU be removed as weU. In its final section toward El Camino Real, the road wUl traverse a habitat deUneated as wetland by the CaUfornia Department of Fish and Game in the. Carlsbad Local Coastal Plan. However, this area is presentiy a horse pasture and does not truly function as a wetland. The impacts of the road should, therefore, be insignificant. The construction of the new bridge near El Camino Real may require the removal of a few fair-sized wiUow trees. If this is the extent of the habitat loss, the impacts upon the riparian area should be insignificant; new wiUow ^owth should replace that removed, if the bank is not too steep. 3.4.3 Mitigation Measures Mitigation measures in this section are discussed in two categories as foUows: (1) general for the entire project area, and (2) specific for the areas of concern previously evaluated. General Recommendations 1. The project design proposes to retain approximately 58% of the site in open space. This wiU include steeper upland slopes, riparian woodland, fresh- brackish water marsh, and seasonaUy inundated tidal flats. A majority of wUdlife species on the property should remain foUowing development, although densities wiU decUne for some sensitive species. Scrub species that wiU decUne in number or be lost from the property, if they do occur there, are the orange-throated whiptaU and San Diego horned Uzard. Also in this category is the observed black-taUed gnatcatcher. 2. Impacts to sage scrub vegetation and its wUdUfe inhabitants wiU be reduced by curtaiUng vegetation removal except where absolutely necessary for proper site development. Dumping or fiUing onto this vegetation should be prohibited, except where absolutely necessary. 3. The indirect impact of pets and exploring residents in remaining open space terrain wiU be difficult to control. In general, signs should be posted stating that pets should not be permitted to roam free and residents should not venture into wetland habitats during the spring-summer nesting season (approximately mid-March to early July). Off-road vehicles should be prohibited in aU open- space areas. 4. Sedimentation should be controUed as much as possible during construction, and foUowing construction through appropriate landscaping. It is recommended that native plants be used as landscaping material wherever possible. -40- 5. Onsite mitigation of the loss of maritime sage scrub habitat for known popiUations of black-taUed gnatcatchers and expected orange-throated whiptaUs and S£m Diego horned Uzards is not possible under the current development scheme. Off-site mitigation is not required at the present time due to the current status of these species and vegetation type. 6. It would be desirable to surround aU houses bordering the open space wetiand terrain with a suitable barrier. 7. AU development adjacent to marsh vegetation should incorporate an adequate buffer varying between 20 to 100 feet, depending upon the wUdlife value of the vegetation as determined by Department of Fish and Game and the City of Carlsbad. 8. No uses shaU occur within the boundaries of the wetland area, except those activities necessary for maintenance, resource management, farming and grazing, except as approved by the State Department of Fish and Game (Agua hedionda LCP PoUcy 3.1). 9. A buffer strip of at least 100 feet in width shaU be maintained in a natural condition around the perimeter of aU wetiands or environmentaUy sensitive habitat areas, unless the State Department of Fish and Game determines that a lesser setback or physical barrier is adequate (PoUcy 3.1a). 10. Fencing shaU be required to prevent uncontroUed access of persons or domestic animals into the wetiands or environmentaUy sensitive areas (PoUcy 3.1b). 11. No vehicle, pedestrian, or equestrian access shaU be permitted within either the wetiand, environmentaUy sensitive, or buffer areas, except for resource management and educational purposes (Policy 3.1c). SPECIFIC RECOMMENDATIONS Development Areas, "Fingers" Location and "East of Fingers" Location In order for any development involving marsh vegetation to be considered, compensation for the loss of habitat wiU be required. Such measures must offset any loss of the present habitat. If a portion of the habitat is trcuisformed into developed land, upgrading of the remaining habitat wiU be necessary. The City of Carlsbad and Califomia Department of Fish and Game must approve development plans for this area. Any dredging of the fingers area wiU require consultation with, and permit acquisition from the Coastal Commission, CaUfornia Department of Fish and Game, U.S. Fish and WUdlife Service, and U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (PoUcy 3.3, Agua Hedionda LCP). Wetlands mapping by the Department of Fish and Game shaU be further analyzed to deUneate wetiands capable of restoration (PoUcy 3.5, Agua Hedionda LCP). -41- Development Area "Neighborhood Commercial" Compensation for the loss of woodland habitat, both riparian and eucalyptus should be provided by planting native tree species along the improved channel in numbers approaching optimal densities. Cannon Road Construction (South-Central Section) The aUgnment of the northem portion of Cannon Road should foUow as closely as possible the existing Hidden VaUey Road, thereby reducing as much as possible the filUng of the pastures (defined as wetiand) to the north. The potential loss of a Umited number of wiUows adjacent to El Camino Real could be mitigated by creating a creek bank slope in the immediate vicinity that would permit establishment of wiUows (approximately 1:3 or less steep). -42- m m m 3.5 CULTURAL RESOURCES An archaeological reconnaissance of the study area was conducted by Archaeological Associates, Ltd. This study consisted of a site survey, records search and a Umited testing program. An additional more detaUed analysis was conducted for KR-1, a potentiaiuy significant site. Both reports are summarized below and avaUable for review in its entirety at the City's Community Development Depsurtment. 3.5.1 Existing Conditions Archaeology and Historical Resources Record searches for the KeUy Ranch including a one-mUe wide radius around the ranch, indicated that forty-one archaeological sites have been found in the territory. Such a high figure reflects intensive prehistoric use of the area. Significant historic structures were found to be entirely absent. A smaU adobe service buUding was observed west of the KeUy ranch house; however, it was recentiy constructed (15 years ago) with commercial adobe brick. m Eleven archaeological sites were recorded onsite (KR-1 to KR-11); a brief description of the significance of each site is provided below. KR-1 - KR-1 is a weU developed sheU midden which is at least 60 centimeters deep and covers an area of approximately 800 square meters. A less promising periphereU M deposit of about the same size surrounds the central midden. Marine sheU flnds are plentiful in the central midden and one inhumation (burial) was found during the test. Based on a C-14 and C-13 analysis, the site is dated at 7,940A 90 years before present. This would represent the oldest weU-developed midden, aU other materials being somewhat later. A date of circa 8,000 years ago enhances the scientific ^ significance of this site. ' KR-2 - This is a casual mUling area used during the Late Prehistoric period judging from potsherds found on the site. Tests faUed to indicate the presence of anything ^ representing a weU-developed deposit and it is clear that the site represents no more ^ than a location of very occasional use. It is doubtful that additional research at KR- 2 would prove useful. Therefore, KR-2 is regarded as insignificcmt. * KR-3 - KR-3 consists of two loci, each of which comprises a broad surface scatter. Both loci represent activity areas probably used by the occupants of KR-1. Tests in each locus faUed to yield evidence of a significant deposit. An array of artifacts has already been coUected from the site. m KR-4 and KR-5 - KR-4 and KR-5 consist of very light surface artifact scatters which ^ have been coUected. No deposit exists at either of the sites and they are not ^ regarded as significant. KR-6 - This is a smaU, Ught density sheU midden which seems to include very Uttle * artifactual material. Tests indicated that sheUfish remains extend to a depth of il about 30 cm., but are infrequent. Artifactual material was absent and the soil itself exhibited littie alteration. Thus, the research potential of KR-6 is regarded as very m low or nonexistent. KR-7 - WhUe a deposit of probable significance exists outside of the study area (to ^ the north of Park Drive), signs significant deposits are not present within the -43- boundaries of the KeUy Ranch. Thus, significant archaeological resources are not expected in the area of KR-7 onsite. KR-8 - This site which covers an area of aproximately 4,000 square meters represents the last remaining vestige of what was once a large (perhaps the largest) prehistoric settiement on the shores of Agua Hedionda Lagoon. The deposit undoubtedly represents a considerable span of prehistoric time. Previous investigations estabUshed the significance of the deposit and no excavation or surface coUection operations were conducted. KR-9 - This site is a sheU midden which is partiaUy buried under recent aUuvium. Surface indications are misleading as a result. The best portions of the deposit are dense in marine shaU and tests suggest that a shift in species being exploited occurred over prehistoric time. There is a UkeUhood that this shift could be related to environm^tal changes taking place in and around the lagoon. The potential for dating such changes also exists. In addition, a prehistoric rock feature of unknown function is known to be present at the foot of KR-9. For these reasons, KR-9 is regarded as a significant site offering considerable research potential. KR-10 - Tests indicate that no significant portion of KR-10 extends within the boundaries of the study area. KR-11 - KR-11 is a sheU midden which overlies an apparent prehistoric deposit of unknown nature. This deposit is relatively deep, extending to a depth of at least two meters. However, the depth may be more a function of rapid deposition than antiquity. &i any event, the lovtee deposit seems to reflect fish consumption and a disregard (or perhaps unavaUabiity) of the usual sheUfish found in later deposits in the region (i.e., chione and scaUop). Paleontology A paleontological records search was conducted by the county of San Diego Natural History Museum (see Appendix G). A field reconnaisance was not conducted in conjunction with this project. The record search indicated that two recorded fossil localities occur within the boundaries of the study area. It is important to emphasize the subsurface nature of paleontological resources (i.e., fossils) and the direct relationship between the distribution of these fossils and the bedrock layers (i.e., formations) within which they occur. In the case of the study area, the two recorded vertebrate fossil localities onsite, together with the numerous (and more productive) fossU locaUties in the same formation offsite suggests a high resource potential for the study area. The Eocene Santiago formation onsite exhibits high paleontological resource potential. The paleontatogic significance of offsite localities to the northwest were unknown untU grading for the Laguna Riviera development exposed them. These locaUties have produced a rich assemblage of Eocene vertebrate fossils which includes amphibians, Uzards, crocodUes, bird and a host of land mammal taxa including shrews, hedgehogs, tarsid primates, primitive rodents, gophers, lagomorphs, carnivores, smaU rhinoceroses, oreodonts and camels. -44- IN •••»v m 3.5.2 Impacts Archaeology and Historical Resources Of the eleven archaeological sites identified onsite, four have been determined to have significance potential (KR-1, KR-8, KR-9 and KR-11) that would require mitigation measures. Based on the conceptual development plan, KR-1 is partiaUy located in an area shown for development and wiU be potentiaUy impacted from project construction. KR-8 wiU not be impacted by proposed development because of its location in an open space area. KR-9 is also located in an open space area; however, the proposed alignment of the extension of KeUy Drive intrudes into the site. KR-11 is located in a development area and could potentiaUy be img)acted from project development. The additional field analyses performed on KR-1 concluded that there is no reason to beUeve that the site represents a prehistoric cemetary. The one human bone which was found during the research, including that of UCLA, occured in one test unit. Thus it is beUeved that only the remains of a single individual have been found, to date. Given the antiquity of the site, this might weU represent a single intramural burial which is the only inhumation present on site. If others occur, it is clear that they wiU not occur with great frequency since such remains should have been found in one or more of the other test units. Based on the proposed development plan, most of the central midden area of KR-1 wiU be permanentiy preserved and it is improbable that a burial is present in the very smaU portion of central midden which must be removed in order to accommodate the proposed road. Paleontology Both of the recorded paleontological sites could potentiaUy be impacted by development activities. These sites also derive importance as indicators of what may be expected in the geologic formation, for there is a potential for fossils being present in the shaUow subsiffface. Grading operations, therefore, could reveal additional subsurface paleontological resources. 3.5.3 Bfitigation Measures Archaeology An archaeological resource mitigation program has been developed by the archaeological consultant because of the potential impact to significant onsite archaeological resources. These mitigations establish guidelines for future treatment of these sites to aUeviate potential negative impacts. Mitigation measures for those sites requiring surface and subsurface coUection wiU be implemented prior to the issuance of grading permits for any area which may affect the site. For those sites that require additional field testing and further mitigation development, testing and development of final recommendations wiU be completed prior to approval of tentative subdivision maps in proximity to the site(s). Final recommendations wiU be completed prior to the issuance of grading permits. Specific mitigation measures are described below. -45- ^' KR-1 - B€ised upon the preUminary development plans prepared on the project, approximately 90% of the archaeological site (SDi-9649) wUl not be disturbed by grading or construction activities. In order to ensure the preservation of these resources, the foUowing steps are recommended; 1. Perform a controUed surface coUection of this portion of the site. 2. Placement of 18 inches of topsoU over the surface of the site. 3. Planting of grass or other ground cover. In addition, it is recommended that a salvage operation be designed to permit removal of the remaining portion of the site (estimated at 10%) that wiU be directiy impacted by the project construction. It is recommended that 10% of the central deposit and 5% of the peripheral deposit be salvage excavated. The total salvage samples which would be removed for each of the two alternative roadway alignments are listed below: 10% Central Deposit 5% Peripheral Deposit Alternative A 32 square meters 32 square meters Alternative B 4 square meters 16 square meters The difference between the complexity, cost, and time required for the two programs is considerable, and thus. Alternative B is strongly recommended. It should be emphasized that the programs outUned above have been compUed for the express purpose of studying the feasibUity of alternative road alignments. It wiU be necessary to map the eastward extent of SDi-9649 estabUshing a reservtion and/or salvage program for this area of the site, 2' KR"8 - This site wiU be preserved. The consultant recommends that the site be covered with a layer of soU so that a smaU kiosk or other interpretative facUity could be placed onsite. This altemative would preserve the resource value and prevent the continued erosion of the site. 3. KR-9 - KR-9 offers significant research potential. Consequentiy, a 5 to 10 percent sample of areas subject to adverse impacts should be obtained prior to development. KR-11 - It is recommended that an exploratory investigation of the site be initiated. The most expeditious and fruitful plan would comprise a combination of mechanical and hand-excavated units. A backhoe should be used to dig a trench across the talus from north to south. This trench would yield a section of the stratigraphy of the entire site and quickly resolve such issues as whether the lower deposit found in the test is a fluke, natural, rodent born, or indeed represents an important prehistoric deposit. The location of hand-excavated units would be selected on the basis of the stratigraphy displayed in the backhoe trench escarpment. A total excavation area of ten square meters should be adequate for identifying the age and nature of the strata. It should then be possible to draw up a reasonable strategy for salvage excavating a sample of that portion of the site which wiU be impacted by construction. -46- m Paleontology 1. The two previously recorded sites (V-68114 and V-68115) wiU be tested to determine their significance and appropriate mitigation measures completed prior to the issuance of grading permits. 2. A qualified paleontologist wiU be in attendance at aU pre-grading conferences and wiU coordinate an approE)riate program of monitoring/salvaging with the developer and grading contractor. m m m m m m m -47- 3.6 LAND USES 3.6.1 Existing Conditions Onsite Land Uses As shown on Exhibit 11, current land uses within KeUy Ranch relate primarUy to open space and agricultural activities including the cultivation of Christmas trees, row crops and irrigated pasture (fuU discussion of onsite agricultural activities is provided in Section 3.8 Agricultural Resources). AdditionaUy, San Diego Gas and Electric has electrical distribution facUities which traverse the site. These faciUties include: one 230 kv transmission Une, two steel transmission towers and several double wood transmission structures. The 230 kv Une and 138 kv Une occupy a 150-foot wide right-of-way which traverses the site in a north/south direction. The other 138 kv Une is located in a 150-foot wide right-of- way which crosses the property in a northeasterly direction. The KeUy Ranch home is located within the study area txjundaries. However, it is not a part of the proposed project. AppUcable Local Coastal Program PoUcies The Agua Hedionda LCP and Land Use Plan specify the foUowing poUcies related to land use: o That portion of the "KeUy" property containing wetland areas shaU be designated as open space consistent with maintenance of the natural resources of the wetlands and floodplain area. Permitted uses shaU include maintenance and extension of utUity transmission and distribution systems, agriculture, outdoor plant nurseries, fish hatcheries, driving ranges, archery ranges, hiking and equestrian trails, apiaries, or other non- intensive recreational, scientific or educational uses compatible with resource values. No permanent structures or impermeable surfacing or filUng ShaU be permitted within the lOO-year floodplain. Any development of the property shaU be subject to regulation by conditional use permit and ShaU be subject to the approval of the State Department of Fish and Game (PoUcy 1.2). o BuUding height shaU be Umited to a maximum of 35 feet. Building setbacks and lot coverage shaU be regulated by the appUcable zoning designation, except as specificaUy modified in this plan (PoUcy 1.9). o UtiUty transmission and distribution facUities shaU be aUowed in wetiand areas, provided that maintenance and construction of such improvements does not adversely impact environmentaUy sensitive areas and is consistent with Coastal Act PoUcies (PoUcy 3.7). o A buffer strip of at least 100 feet in width shaU be maintained in a natural condition around the perimeter of aU wetlands or environmentaUy sensitive habitats, unless the State Department of Fish and Game determines that a lesser setback or physical barrier is adequate. -48- KELLY RANCH City of Carlsbad ^ MBA EXHIBIT 11 •"V It m The Carlsbad LCP has the foUowing poUcy: o The property shaU be developed using the existing planned community zone with the additional requirements contained in the PoUcies herein. AU developments as defined in the Coastal Act, expressly emphasizing land divisions, are conditional uses and require a coastal development permit and master plan. As a condition of approval of any master plan for the entire area, the City shaU require that a mimmum of 80% of the existing agricultural area shaU be permanently restricted to agricultural use. Surrounding Land Uses Exhibit 12 depicts the land uses surrounding KeUy Ranch; the exhibit is keyed to the foUowing text. 1. Existing Residential - Three tracts (80-39, 71-5 and 73-45) of single famUy residences border the study area's northwestem border. Those residences along the north side of Park Drive face the study area; those residences along Loma Laguna Drive, Via Arquipa and Via Marta back against the property border. KeUy Elementary School also is adjacent to the site, across Park Drive. 2. Lake Calavera Hills - This approved planned residential community to the north of the site consists of 807 acres. Development plans indicate that 3,230 dweUing units (4 d.u./gross acre) and 10 acres of general commercial uses are planned for the site. 3. Carlsbad Highlands - This 278-acre site is planned for 152 single-famUy homes, 217 duplex units, and 524 multi-fmUy units. In addition, 38 open space and recreation lots are planned. 4. Rancho Carlsbad - This is a mobUe home park. Currently a General Plan Amendment and annexation is being proposed for 68 acres adjacent to the park. The proposed amendment would accomodate the expansion of the existing mobUe home park. 5. KoU Carlsbad Research Center - This 560-acre site is approved for industrial land uses. It is anticipated that its construction wiU be phased over 10 to 15 years. 6. Palomar Airport - This general aviation airport is located approximately 2 mUes to the southeast of the site. The study area is not affected acousticaUy by the airport's fUght operations. 7. Signal Landmark - This 333-acre site located adjacent to Palomar Airport is planned as a major industrial and office park area. 8. Huntington Palomar - This 110-acre site located adjacent to Palomar Airport is planned as a major industrial park. 9. Macario Canyon Park - This area is conceived as the major new park development in the City. The park plan includes 50-acres of the KeUy Ranch; this inclusion was contingent upon the City's acquisition of the property. The conceptual site plan for the park designates the 50 acres of the KeUy Ranch as a wetlands preserve. -49- 3.6.2 Impacts Onsite Land Uses At present, the study area is utiUzed almost entirely as agriculture and passive open space. The proposed project, if developed, would result in a transition to residential and commercial uses. As discussed in Section 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION, the current General Plan would aUow for the development of approximately 420 to 1,254 dweUing units onsite. The proposed General Plan amendment would aUow a range of 1,227 to 2,873 dweUing units which is substantially higher than the existing General Plan. However, a maximum 1,600 dweUing units are proposed for development, representing a 27.5% increase (346 additional dweUing units) over the high end of the existing General Plan designation. According to the conceptual development plan, approximately 140 acres of the 433- acre site would be used for development areas. These areas would be located where agricultural activities are presentiy conducted. Agriculture activities in these areas would be terminated to facUitate the proposed development. However, the appUcant proposes to transfer some of the agricultural activities (acreages have not been determined at this time) into the floodplain to offset the loss of agricultural land. Agricultural activities are acceptable uses in the wetlands per the poUcies of the Agua Hedionda Land Use Plan. See Section 3.8 AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES for a thorough discussion of agricultural practices onsite. The project is, however, in conflict with the Carlsbad LCP goal of maintaining 80% of the existing agriculture is permanent agricultural use. The UtiUty transmission and distribution facUities are consistent uses with the Agua Hedionda Land Use Plan. The proposed extensions of Cannon Road and KeUy Drive do encroach upon the transmission right-of ways and as such wiU require review by San Diego Gas and Electric (SDG&E). It wUl be necessary in subsequent planning stages to ensure that project development wiU not impair SDG&E's abUity to access, repair and maintain their faciUties. AU development onsite must comply with the 100-foot setback along the wetland boundaries and environmentaUy sensitive areas, unless adjustments are approved by the City and the California Department of Fish and Game. Surrounding Land Uses The proposed residential and related land uses are generaUy compatible with the residential uses, both existing and proposed, in the surrounding properties. The General Plan currently designates the majority of the western area site (see Exhibit 3) for residential medium-high land use (10 to 20 du/acre). The proposed General Plan amendment would continue the RMH designation along Park Drive, and expand its area towards Agua Hedionda Creek. Therefore, the proposed project would provide the same residential density interface with the existing residential areas as does the current General Plan. Implementation of the project, as would the existing General Plan, would alter the existing rural views from the adjacent residences. Although specific housing types are unknown at this stage in project processing, it can be assumed that multi-family, -50- KELLY RANCH City of Carlsbad QMBA EXHIBIT 12 m m two-story dweUing units wiU be constructed in the RMH designation. Without proper design considerations, residences along the project's westem edge could have their views impaired by sights of developed areas. Existing residences would also be subjected to increased traffic and noise levels, as discussed in the appropriate chapters of this EIR. Construction traffic, noise and dust from project development would create short-term impacts on surrounding areas. The proposed extension of Cannon Road would f^ovide access to Macario Park which would open up the area and promote park visitations. This is a positive impact, since access to the park can only be achieved via four-wheel drive vehicles. Residential land uses are proposed in the areas adjacent to the park. It wiU be necessary to incorporate design measures including setbacks, landscaping, and bermir^ to minimize impacts of the proposed project to uses in Macario Park. Approximately fifty (50) acres of the KeUy Ranch is incorporated in the Macario Canyon Park Plan and shown as wetiand preserve. The 50-acres parcel is not within an area proposed for development. Should the project be approved and implemented, the 50 acres could stiU be acquired and included in Macario Park. The site is not within the Area of Influence and Referral for the Palomar Airport. Therefore, ^oject development is not expected to be impacted acousticaUy by airport operations. Project development wiU not affect airport operations. 3.8.3 Mitigation Heaswes Urbanization of the site is an unavoidable adverse impact of project implementation. Urban uses would also be aUowed under the existing General Plan. Howev^, the foUowing mitigation measures are presented to minimize impacts to onsite and surrounding land uses. Onsite Land Uses See Section 3.8 AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES for mitigation measures related to onsite agricultural activities. Other mitigations are described below. 1. AU development which encroaches in the SDG&E rights-of way wiU require review by SDG&E. In addition, coordination between SDG&E and the project developer wiU be required to ensure that access to the facUities for maintenance and repeur wiU not be impaired by project construction. 2. BuUding heights wiU not exceed 35 feet per the Agua Hedionda Specific Plan • (Land Use Plan). 3. AU development wUl maintain a 100-foot setback from the wetiands boundary and environmentaUy sensitive areas. Deviations from this setback are possible upon review and approval by the City of Carlsbad and the Department of Fish and Game. Surrounding Land Uses 1. At subsequent and more detaUed planning and design phases, measures wiU be designed to reduce the impacts of the proposed project along its boundaries with the existing residential areas. Design and poUcy measures considered should include: - 51 - o Edge treatments and grading practices to maintain the views of existing residences into the wetiands and lagoon areas. o Use of earth tones and other "environmental" colors to coordinate the proposed buUdings with the surrounding environs, as weU as use of architectural styles that lessen the visual impacts to the surrounding areas. o Stepping down of buUding heights at the development edge to the degree necessary to eUminate potential visual impacts of multistory buUdings. 2. To minimize Ught and glare, street and sign Ughting shaU be oriented toward development areas to avoid spiUover into adjacent properties, particularly into Macario Park. 3. Sensitive design treatment wiU be required at the projects interface into Macario Park to ensure that the project wiU not impact proposed land uses in the park. Mitigations regarding aesthetics, traffic and noise are E^resented in separate chapters of this EIR. - 52 - m 3.7 RELEVANT PLANNING PROGRAMS 3.7.1 Existing Conditions The study area is located in the City of Carlsbad and the County of San Diego. The adopted general plans and poUcies of affected jurisdictions are discussed in this section as weU as those state and regional planning programs that are directly appUcable to the proposed project. County of San Diego San Diego County Zoning Code - The county zoning code designates that portion of the site in the county as R-R-2 (Rural Residential). This designation permits one single famUy residence per lot with a minimum lot size of one acre. San Diego Coimty Land Use Element - The LUE designates the majority of the site as Residential 1 (1.0 dweUing unit/1,2, and 4 acres); the southern portion of the site is shown as Residential 6 which aUows 7.3 dweUing units per acre. An Impact Sensitive Area designation (1 dweUing unit/ 4,8 £md 20 acres) encompasses a smaU portion of the property at the intersection of Hidden VaUey Road and the site^ southern boundary. City of Carlsbad Zoning - Presently the 91 acres of the site within the City are zoned R-A-10. This designation permits residential and agricultural land use. The mimmum lot size is 10,000 square feet. Land Use Element - The City's Land Use Plan provides for an ultimate holding capacity of 108,323 d.u.'s for a planning area of aproximately 25,000 acres, with a population range between 154,118 to 281,640; the expected midrange would result in a population of 208,291. As discussed in Section 2.0 INTRODUCTION AND PROJECT DESCRIPTION and iUustrated in Exhibit 3, the existing land use plan designations for the study area would aUow between 420 and 1,254 dweUing units onsite. Approximately 200 acres of the site are designated as open space. Circulation Element - The primary goal of the Circulation Element is to provide a comprehensive circulation system to serve the preset and future needs of Carlsbad and the greater San Diego County area. The Circulation Plan depicts Cannon Road as a major arterial traversing the study area. El Camino Real, which runs in a general northwest/southeast direction, is a prime major arterial to the north of the study area. In addition, bicycle routes are shown along El Camino Real, the proposed extension of Cannon Road and along the north side of the lagoon. Housing Element - The Housing Element has five major goals which are intended to provide general direction in meeting Carlsbad's two major housing concerns: preserving existing community values and responding to projected growth. These goals include preserving the City's coastal character, providing adequate housing diversity including affordable housing, locating housing in proximity to employment centers, transportation and services and providing open housing poUcies. FuU -53- discussion of the Housing Element, including impacts and mitigation measures is provided in Section 3.9 SOCIOECONOMICS. Noise Elem^t - The goal of the Noise Element is to achieve and maintain an environment which is free from excessive or harmful noise through identification, control and abatement. Palomar Airport, El Camino Real and the Agua Hedionda Lagoon (motor boat use) are identified noise sources in proximity to the project. FuU discussion of the Noise Element, including impacts and mitigation measures is provided in Section 3.12 NOISE. Public Safety Element - This element addresses fire hazards, flood hazards, crime prevention, health and safety hazards and emergency services. The site could potentiaUy be impacted by brushland fires and flooding (see Section 3.3, HYDROLOGY for further discussion regarding flooding). There is also the possiblity of site inundation from faUure of Calavera Dam and/or Squire's Dam in the case of seismic activity or sabotage. Scenic Highways - This elem^t's primary objective is to protect and enhance scenic resources along designated routes within the City. The element identifies the foUowing scenic highways in or adjacent to the study area; El Camino Real, Park Drive and Cannon Road. In addition, the site is hi^y visible from 1-5. Parks and Recreation Element - This ultimate objective of this element is to provide optimum recreational opportunities to aU residents in the City. The element has established the foUowing standards for parkland: o Community Park 2.0 acres/1,000 population o Special Resource Areas 2.5 acres/1,000 population o Special Use Areas .5 acres/1,000 population Geological and Seismic Safety Elemoit - This element incorporates procedures to minimize the loss of human Ufe and property damage from seismic emd geologic phenomena. The element identifies erosion and siltation are existing geotechmcal problems within the City. Potential geotechmcal problems include slope instabiUty, excavation of hard rock, drainage, flooding, compressible soils and secondary seismic effects. AdditionaUy the element states that the lagoon areas are susceptible to seismic hazards from seiches. Refer to Section 3.2 GEOLOGY/SOILS for a fuU discussion of geological and seismic concerns, including impacts and mitigation measures. Open Space and Conservation Elements - These elements, through the Open Space and Conservation Resource Management Plan, identify resource areas and estabUsh development standards. The lowland area of the site has been identified as a prime open space resource. Prime open space is defined as land which contains outstanding recreation, ecological, natural, and scenic resources, as weU as hazardous areas which should not be developed or should be carefuUy engineered for pubUc health and safety at the time of development. Other Planning Programs Agua Hedionda Specific Plan/Local Coastal Program - The City CouncU adopted the Agua Hedionda Local Coastal Program in May 1982. Approximately 241 acres of the study area are within the Agua Hedionda LCP (see Exhibit 6). -54- The land use categories and residential density ranges utilized in the land use map and poUcy statement of the Agua Hedionda LCP are consistent with the Carlsbad General Plan. The Agua Hedionda LCP is a refinement of the G^eral Plan and is more site specific in its treatment of potential development in the study area. The Agua Hedionda LCP contains poUcies related to eight components of its Land Use Plan. For ease of reading, each of these components and related poUcies are discussed in the appropriate sections of this EIR as listed below: o Land Use (Section 3.6 LAND USES) o Agriculture (Section 3.8 AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES) o Environmental (Section 3.4 BIOLOGY and 3.6 LAND USES) o Geologic Hazards (Section 3.2 GEOLOGY/SOILS) 0 PubUc Works (Section 3.10 TRANSPORTATION/CIRCULATION) o Recreation/Visitor FacUities (Section 3.6 LAND USES) o ShoreUne Access (Not directiy appUcable to the proposed project) o Visual Resources (Section 3.14 VISUAL RESOURCES) Carlsbad Local Coastal Program - The Carlsbad LCP, which encompasses 5,387 acres, was certified by the California Coastal Commission in June 1981. As shown in Exhibit 6, approximately 192 acres of the westem portion of the study area are located in the Carlsbad LCP. SimUar to the Agua Hedionda LCP, the Carlsbad LCP provides specific resource protection and development poUcies governing land use and potential urban development. As with the Agua Hedionda LCP, these poUcies are discussed in the foUowing sections of this EIR: o Agriculture (Section 3.8 AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES) o EnvironmentaUy Sensitive Habitats (Section 3.3 HYDROLOGY and Section 3.4 BIOLOGY) 0 Geologic Floodplain and ShoreUne Hazard Areas (Section 3.2 GEOLOGY/SOILS) o PubUc Works and PubUc Services Capacities (Section 3.10 TRANSPORTATION/CIRCULATION) o Recreation and Visitor Serving Uses (Section 3.6 LAND USES) o ShoreUne Access (Not directiy applicable to the proposed project) o Scenic and Visual Resources (Section 3.5 CULTURAL RESOURCES and Section 3.14 VISUAL RESOURCES) Local Ageney Formation Commission of San Diego County (LAFCO) - As defined in the Knox-Nisbet Act of the Government Code, among the purposes of LAFCO are the discouragement of urban sprawl and the encouragement of the orderly formation and development of local governmental agencies based upon local conditions and circumstances. One of the objectives of LAFCO is to conduct studies and to obtain and furnish information which wiU contribute to the logical and reasonable development of local governments in the County of San Diego. The LAFCO is also -55- directed to shape the development of local governmental €^ncies to provide for the present and future needs of the County and its communities. . In addition, the LAFCO is empowered to approve or deny the annexation of unincorporated land to local agencies, provided that LAFCO does not impose any conditions which would directiy regulate land use or subdivision requirements. However, LAFCO may require that a city prezone the territory to be annexed, provided that the commission does not specify how or in what manner the territory wiU be prezoned.^ In reviewing a proposal for annexation, the LAFCO nuist consider a number of factors which include but are not Umited to the foUowing: "(a) Population, population density; land area and land use; per capita assessed valuation; topography, natural boundaries, and drainage basins; proximity to other populated areas; the UkeUhood of significant growth in the area, and in adjacent incorporated and unincorporated areas, during the next 10 years. (b) Need for (organized community services; the present cost and adequacy of governmental services and controls in the area; probable effect of the proposed incorporation, formation, annexation, or exclusion and of altemative courses of action on the cost and adequacy of services and controls in the area and adjacent areas. As used in this subdivision, "services" is to be construed as referring to governmental services whether or not the services are such as would be provided by local agencies subject to this chapter, and as including the pubUe faciUties necessary to provision of services. (c) The effect of the proposed action and of alternative actions, on adjacent areas, on mutual social and economic interests and on the local governmental structure of the county. (d) The conformity of both the proposal and its anticipated effects with both the adopted commission poUcies on providing planned, orderly, efficient patterns of urban development and the poUcies and priorities set forth in Section 54790.2 of this code. (e) The effect of the proposal on maintaining the physical and economic integrity of lands in an agricultural preserve in open-space uses. (f) The definiteness and certainty of the boundaries of the territory, the nonconformance of proposed boundaries with Unes of assessment or ownersiiip, the creation of islands or corridors of unincorporated territory and other simUar matters affecting the proposed boundaries. (g) Conformity with appropriate city or county general and specific plans. 1. This discussion has been excerpted from Section 54773 et seq. of the Government Code, commonly referred to as the Knox-Nisbet Act, 2. Section 54790 of the Government Code. 3. Section 54796 of the Government Code. -56- (h) The 'sphere of influence' of any local agency which may be applicable to the proposal being reviewed." Areawide Water Quality Management (208) Flan - Under the Federal Water PoUution Control Act of 1972 (PL92-500), as amended, a national poUcy was established to control wat^ poUution sources and to manage the quaUty of the nation's waters. Section 208 of this poUcy was enacted at the regional level, in this case by the Comprehensive Planning Organization (now SANDAG). For coastal lagoons, the Areawide 208 Plan identifies the rate of infiUing from sedimentation. In the case of Agua Hedionda Lagoon, the sedimentation rate was estimated to be 5.7 inches/100 years. The Plan concluded that the rate of infUUng in the coastal lagoons is insignificant. This determination was achieved by simulating the impact of urban, agricultural and rural runoff on the lagoons given existing and future land uses in the watershed. The Areawide Plan addresses long term sedimentation rather than short-term, locaUzed sedim entation problems. LocaUzed problems are due prim ar Uy to stormwater runoff from lands undergoing development or construction; they are not a result of runoff from already urbanized lands. These locaUzed impacts may be perceived as significantly affecting some beneficial uses of lagoons. ^ It was also found that agricultural and rural land contributed more sediment to stormwater runoff than urbanized land. In reviewing the typical land development trend from rural/agricultural land uses to urbanize land uses, the 208 Plan reasoned tliat developed lands would generate less sedim^tation and erosion than is occurring ^ now. This does not account for the locaUzed short term impacts associated with the M land-disturbing aspects of new development/construction. «i The Plan also addresses the issue of eutrophication. Because Agua Hedionda Lagoon has sufficient tidal flushing which quickly transports nutrients from the lagoon, the * plan concluded that eutrophication was not a significant, long-term problem. * Caiifamia Fish and Game Code, Chapter 6 - Fish and Wildlife Protection and Ml Conservation - The State of California has declared that the protection and conservation of fish and wUdUfe resources is of high pubUc interest. The CaUfornia m Fish and Game Code, Chapter 6, provides for the conservation of these resources. "* Section 1603 of this chapter states that it is unlawful for any person to "substantiaUy direct or obstruct the natural flow of substantiaUy change and bed, channel of bank of any river, stream or lake" in which "there is at any time an existing fish or •» wUdlife resources from which these resources derive benefit,"..."or use of any material from the streambeds," without first notifying the Department of Fish and m Game. This notification and the ensuing process is referred to as a 1603 permit ^ appUcation. A Notification of Removal of Materials and/or Alteration of Lake, River, or Streambed Bottom, or Margin is used to notify the department. Within 30 days of receipt of such notice, the Department wiU notify the appUcant if his * proposed activity could affect substantiaUy any significant fish and wUdlife ii resources adversely. This wiU be accompanied by a proposal prepared by the department outiining mitigation measures necessary to protect these resources. An m onsite investigation by a representative from the Department may be required, or ^ may be requested by the affected party, to make this determination. -57- m X7.2 Impacts County of San Diego Annexation of the study area to the City of Carlsbad would result in the deletion of the County's General Plan and Zoning jurisdiction over the study area. City of Carlsbad Zoning - The proposed project consists of a zone change from R-A-IO (residential- agriculture) to Planned Community (PC) in the City and prezoning of the unincorporated portion to Planned Community (PC). Approval of this zoning action would aUow subsequent annexation and developmait of the site with residential, open space, recreational commercial, and neighborhood commercial uses. Land Use Element - The proposed project includes an amendment to the City of Carlsbad General Plan which would include approximately 248 acres of residential, 160 acres of open space, and 25 acres of commercial land uses. More specificaUy, the project is proposing the expansion of the RMH designation in the "fingers" location to the end of the fingers. Because of the sensitivity of the area (see Section 3.4, BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES), the City of Carlsbad and project appUcant should consider adjusting the proposed General Plan RMH boundary in the fingers area (Exhibit 3) to be consistent with the development area boundary shown on Exhibit 5. Circulation Element - Consistent with the City's Circulation Element, the proposed project includes the extension of Cannon Road which would serve as a major east/west arterial in the City. The City's Circulation Element and Agua Hedionda Land Use Plan do not refer to an extension of KeUy Drive. However, the Agua Hedionda LCP states: "If it is determined that one additional access is needed for circulation in residential areas and/or to facUitate emergency access, a local street connecting the Laguna Riviera subdivisions to El Camino Real may be permitted. Construction of the access wiU involve no filUng of wetiands or adverse impacts on adjacent environmentaUy sensitive areas." The proposes extension of KeUy Drive as a local street is consistent with this poUcy. A precise aUgnment has not been determined at this time. Upon project implementation, it wiU be necessary for the project appUcant to comply with City-designated bicycle route provisions, PubUe Safety ELem^nt - The element identifies potential inundation hazards to the site from dam faUures at Calevera Lake or Squire's Dam. It wiU be necessary to incorporate floodproofing measures into the project design to protect proposed development from flooding due to dam faUures. Potential damage from brushland fires wiU require measures to protect development areas. Scenic Highways Element - El Camino Real, Park Drive, and Cannon Road have been designated by the City as scenic highways. At subsequent detaUed planning stages, it wiU be necessary to demonstrate that the proposed development is consistent with the intent of these scenic highway designations. The retention of 255 acres of open space and the clustering of development wiU minimize visual impacts to travelers along 1-5. - 58 - m m Parks and Recreation Sl«naent - Based on the City's standard of 2.0 acres of community park per 1,000 people, approximately 8 acres of community park wiU be required to comply with this element. Open Space and Conservation Element - Consistent with the Open Space and Conservation Element, the lowland area of the study area would be mostiy retained as open space. However, there would be some encroachments into the wetiands area by the proposed project. Please refer to Section 3.4 BIOLOGY for a thorough discussion of potential impacts to this sensitive resource. Other Planning Programs Agua Hedionda Land Use Plan and Carlsbad Local Coastal Program - Both of these documents are discussed throughout the body of this EIR. Please refer to the appropriate sections for discussions of impacts and mitigation measures. Project approval wiU also require amendments to the Land Use Plan components of each LCP. It wiU be the responsibiUty of the CaUfornia Coastal Commission to approve the amendments to the LCPs. Local Ageney Formation Commission of the San Diego Coimty - Currently, the study area is within the City of Carlsbad or its sphere of Influcence. As discussed in Section 2.0 PROJECT DESCRIPTION, one component of the project is the proposed annexation of 342 acres into the City of Carlsbad. This annexation proposal wiU require review and approval by LAFCO. In making its determination, LAFCO is required to consider the various factors enumerated previously in the Existing Conditions discussion of this section. Areawide Water Quality Management (208) Flan - The proposed project wiU result in temporary erosion and sedimentation increases during construction and a permanent increase in urban runoff from the proposed development. It wiU be necessary to implement construction, erosion, sedimentation, and urban runoff control measures to prevent degradation of water quality in Agua Hedionda Lagoon. Caiifamia Fish and Game Code, Chapter 6 - Fish and WUdUfe Protection mid Conservation - Prior to grading, and as determined necessary, development within the study area wiU require notifying the California Department of Fish and Game pursuemt to 1603 procedures. 3.7.3 Mitigation Measures County of San Diego Zoning Code and General Plan Land Use Element - No mitigation measures are necessary. City of Carlsbad Zoning Code and Land Use Element - Project approval wiU Include a prezoning action, zone change, and amendment to the Land Use Element. The City of Carlsbad and project appUcant should consider adjusting the proposed General Plan RMH boundary in the "fingers" location (Exhibit 3) to be consistent with the development area boundary shown on Exhibit 5, -59- Circulation El«nent 1. The proposed extension of KeUy Drive is consistent with the Agua Hedionda LCP's intent to provide improved local access. Upon development of a conceptual road aUgnment, its consistency with the Agua Hedionda LCP and the City's Circulation Element wiU be determined. 2. The project proponent wiU comply with the City's designated bicycle route provisions for the Agua Hedionda area. Public Safety Element - Floodproofing measures wiU be incorporated into the project design which wiU be adequate to mitigate flood flows resulting from dam failures at Calavera Lake or Squires Dam. Adequate water pressure, access for fire fighting equipment, buUding design, and a fuel modification fM-ogram wiU promote safety in the event of a brushland fire. Seenic Highways - The project proponent wiU comply with the intent of the scenic highway designations for El Camino Real, Park Drive, and Cannon Road. Clustering of development and retention of 255 acres of the site as open space wiU minimize visual impacts to travelers on 1-5. Parks and Recreation Element - The project is proposing a recreation-commercial area onsite. AdditionaUy, 255 acres of the site are being retained as open space. Open Space and Conservation Element - Approximately 255 acres of the site wiU be retained as open space. Section 3,4 BIOLOGY provides mitigation measures relative to the wetiands area. Other Relevant Planning Programs Agua Hedionda and Carlsbad Local Coastal Program - Both of these LCPs wiU require amendments to incorporate the uses proposed. Specific mitigation measures for identified impacts wiU be included in these amendments. Local Agency Formation Commission of San Diego County - No mitigation measures are necessary. The LAFCO wiU review the merits of the proposed annexation using mandated findings. Areawide Water QuaUty Management (208) Plan - The proposed project wiU adhere to the appropriate construction erosion/sedimentation and urban runoff measures to mitigate any potential water quality degradation. Califomia Fish and Game Code, Chapter 6 - Fish and Wildlife Protection and Conservation - As determined necessary, the project wiU comply with the standards and guidelines of Section 1603 of the Fish and Game Code. - 60 - 3.8 AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES 3.8.1 Existing Conditions This section describes agricultural production and related chcuracteristics of land within the KeUy Ranch. The site does not Ue within an agricultural preserve as designated by the WUUamson Act, however, it does have active agricultural operations. As shown on Exhibit 11, agricultural activities occur on approximately 96 acres of the KeUy property. These activities include orchards, pine plantation, and cultivated crops. SoU CapabUities^ GeneraUzed soU unit maps for the San Diego area have been prepared as part of the USDA SoU Conservation Service (SCS) comprehensive mapping program. The SCS mapping program rates the agriculturcU suitability of soils in terms of both the land use CapabiUty Grouping System (I-VIH) and the Storie Index (0-100). CapabiUty groupings show, in a general way, the suitabUity of soils for most kinds of field crops according to their limitations, risk of damage when used, and the way they respond to treatment. The Storie Index expresses the relative degree of soU suitabiUty for general intensive farming, based solely on soU conditions and characteristics. Table 3 provides a listing of the seventeen soU mapping units found onsite, their CapabiUty groupings, Storie Index ratings, and potential agricultural appUcations (see Exhibit 13 for onsite distribution). As shown, capabiUty groupings range from Class U moderate Umitations that reduce the choice of plants or that require moderate conservation practices to Class Vm Umitations that preclude their use for commercial crop production €md restrict their use to recreation, wUdlife, water supply or aesthetic purposes. Storie Index ratings range from less than 5 (Grade 6 - not suited to farming) to 73 (Grade 2 - suitable for most crops and have minor limitations that narrow the choice of crops). 1 The foUowing discussion is based upon information presented in USDA, Soil Conservation Service, and Forest Service, SoU Survey - San Diego Area, California, December 1973. - 61 - TABLE 3 AGRICULTURAL CAPABILITIES OF SOU. ON THE KELLY RANCH^ Sou Unit CapabUities Unit Storie Unit Potential Land Uses AtE2 IVe-5 25 Range, tomatoes DaC ne-5 42 Tomatoes, dry farmed barley, housing GaE VIe-8 11 Watershed, housing GaF vne-8 less than 5 Range, watershed HrC nie-3 41 Range, irrigated truck crops, tomatoes, flowers, housing HrE2 VIe-3 32 Range LeC lVe-3 36 Flowers, range, truck crop and Housing developments LeD2 IVe-3 29 Flowers, range LeE2 VIe-3 26 Range LvF3 vnis-1 23 Housing - no farming or ranching MIC IIIs-4 54 Avocados, citrus, tomatoes, flowers, truck crops, recreational areas, housing Rm vinw-4 less than 10 Sand and gravel SbC Ue-l 73 Citrus, truck crops, tomatoes, flowers, pasture StG Vffle-1 less than 10 Open space TeF vme-i less than 10 Watershed Tf vmw-6 less than 10 WUdlife habitat VaC Ue-l 73 Avocados, citrus, tomatoes, truck crops. flowers, walnuts, nursery stock, range Referring to Exhibit 13, the study area has two soU units which are designated by the USDA to be weU suited for agricultural uses. As shown in Table 3, both of these soils have a capabiUty grading of Ue-l and a Storie Index rating of 73. The first of these soUs, SbC (SaUnas Clay loam), covers much of the Agua Hedionda floodplain in the northern part of the study area, in addition to scattered parts of the mesas on either side of the floodplain for a total of 32 acres. The other soU is VaC (VisaUa Sandy loam) which appears on a 10-acre portion of the eastern-most mesa. As shown in the table, both soils are suitable for citrus, truck crops, tomatoes, and flowers. SbC is also suitable for pasture and VaC is also suitable for walnuts, nursery stock and range. Other soils suitable for some types of agriculture, but having greater 1 Source: USDA, SoU Conservation Service and Forest Service, Soil Survey-San Diego Area, December 1973. -62- I i I i I I ti tl ti tl il I t I 1 I k I I j I 1 J I I SOU. UNITS t7 PRIME FARMLAND UtJIAMtp ON ICS -DRAFT Uil^ORTSNT^PAflfiLANt- MAP) mwm> KELLY RANCH City of Carlsbad tOURCE: UtpA.80IL CON8ERVATION SERVICE ihruQ MBA EXHIBIT 13 Umitations, include DaC, HrC, and MIC. There are relatively smaU areas containing the first two of these soils, however, MIC covers approximately 26 acres on the eastern mesa of the site. In comparing the locations of onsite agricultural activities (see Exhibit 11) and soUs suitabiUties (see Exhibit 13), it is clear that most of the areas suitable for agricultural uses on the eastern mesa are currently being cultivated. In addition, agricultural activities occur on the northern edge of the eastern mesa wh^e the predominant soU unit is AtE2 (Altamont clay). This soU is suitable for agriculture, although according to the SCS, it is Umited to range and tomatoes and to the risk of erosion. The Department of Agriculture SoU Conservation Service has four classifications UtiUzed for mapping the state's farmlands. These are as foUows (in order of importance): Prime Farmlands, Additional Farmland of Statewide Importance, Unique Farmland, and Additional Farmlands of Local Importance. The site contains approximately 126 acres of land designated as Prime Farmland (see Exhibit 13). Prime Farmland is land best suited for producing food, feed, forage, fiber, and oilseed crops and it has the soil quaUty, growing season and moisture supply needed to produce sustained high yield crops. AppUcable Local Coastal Program PoUcies The Carlsbad LCP designates onsite agriculture as part of the major coastal agricultural activities in the Carlsbad coastal zone and provides specific poUcies relevant to agriculture activities on the KeUy Ranch. These poUcies are as foUows: 1. Agricultural land, but no more than 80% of the acres in cultivation in the 1980 tax year, shaU result in an aUowable development intensity of 1 dweUing unit per ten acres. The remaining 20% shaU be aUowed a maximum intensity of development based on the slopes as specified. a. AU slopes greater than 25% shall result in an aUowable development intensity of 1 dweUing unit per ten acres. b. AU slopes greater than 20% but less than 25% shaU result in a development intensity of 1 dweUing unit per five acres. c. AU slopes greater than 15% but less than 20% shaU result in a developmmt intensity of 1 dweUing unit per acre. d. AU slopes greater than 10% but less than 15% shaU result In a develc^ment intensity of 2 dweUing units per acre. e. AU areas with a slope of less than 10% shaU result in a development intensity of 6 units per acre. 2, The property shaU be developed using the existing planned community zone with the additional requirements contained in the PoUcies herein. AU developments as defined in the Coastal Act, expressly emphasizing land divisions, are conditional uses and require a coastal development permit and master plan. As a condition of approval of any master plan for the entire area, the City shaU require that a minimum of 80% of the existing agriciUtural area as specified above sliaU be permanently restricted to agricultural use, -63- 3.8.2 Impacts Approval and implementation of the proposed project wiU result in the termination or transfer of the onsite agricultural activities where currentiy practiced and the possible initiation of agriculture in the floodplain. However, retention of onsite agricultural activities, on a long-term basis, is not anticipated by the City's General Plan because that portion of the site is designated for residential land uses (0-1.5 du/acre). Project implementation wiU also result in the conversion of approximately 72 acres of Prime Farmland, as mapped by the SCS, to urban uses; but again, the current General Plan designates the site for residential development. As can be noted on Exhibit 12, the areas of the north and east of the site are undergoing and/or are planned for urban development. The proposed project confUcts with the Carlsbad LCP poUcies relative to the development of the agricultural land on KeUy Ranch. The project is proposing the development of 1,600 units which exceeds the number of units which would be aUowed by strict interpretation of the Carlsbad LCP development density criteria outUned in the Existing Conditions section. The City of Carlsbad has not adopted a simUar poUey for the preservation of agricultural land on KeUy Ranch. The loss of agricultural land is an unavoidable adverse impact of development. However, the appUcant is proposing to transfer some of the agricultural activities (acreages have not been determined at this time) into the northern open space area to offset the loss of agricultural lands. According to the soU mapping by SCS of prime farmland, approximately 50 acres of prime farmland are located within open space areas on the proposed development plan. This acreage could feasibly be utUized for agricultural activities. Agricultural activities are aUowed uses in the wetiands (Agua Hedionda LCP PoUcy 1.2). It should be noted that the SCS soU maps are dated 1970, and as such do not account for boimdaries of soU classifications that may have changed in the last thirteen years. As can be seen on Exhibit 10 (Vegetation) soU which is classified by SCS as TF (Tidal Flats) is presentiy supporting riparian and irrigated pasture. A detaUed soUs analysis should be conducted to determine the amount of agricultural acreage that could be supported in the lowland area. The interface between urban and agricultural uses is sensitive and it wiU be necessary to ensure that adequate buffering occurs between the urban and agricultural areas. This may include setbacks, fences, controUed access, etc. The feasibUity of transferring onsite agricultural activities wiU be evaluated in subsequent levels of planning. 3.8.3 Mitigation Measures The loss of agricultural land and prime farmland is an unavoidable adverse impact of implementing this project. However, this impact would also result if the current General Plan were implemented. The foUowing mitigation measures are offered to offset the loss of agricultural land and prime farmland. 1. The feasibiUty of estabUshing agricultural activities in the wetlands area wiU be investigated in subsequent planning stages (i.e.. Specific Plan). Once -64- information is obtained, the project can be more accurately analyzed for compUance with the overaU Carlsbad LCP goal of protecting and promoting agricultural use on lands suitable for agriculture. If agricultural uses are estabUshed in the lowland area, appropriate buffering wiU be incorporated around the urban interface in accoreknce with the Coastal Act (PoUcy 30241(a)). 2. A detaUed soU analyses wiU be conducted to determine the amount of agricultural acreage which can be supported in the lowland. HM - 65 - p X9 SOaOECONOHICS 3L9.1 Existing Comfitions Growth Trends The City of Carlsbad was incorporated in 1952, and as of January, 1983, the City had a population of 39,037. The City, as is north San Diego County, is expected to experience substantial growth between 1980 and the year 2000. Shown in Table 4 are the preUminary regional grovrth forecasts (Series VI) prepared by the San Diego Association of Governments. TABLE 4 REGIONAL GROWTH FORECASTS ^ (m THOUSANDS) 1980-2000 1980 1990 2000 Numeric Change Pop* D.U. Pop. D.U. Pop. D.U. Pop. D.U. Carlsbad Sub- 41 16 69 28 109 47 68 32 regional Area North County 197 68 272 102 361 146 164 78 West Total Region 1,862 670 2,319 863 2,688 1,043 826 373 Housing Characteristics The City, as mentioned previously, had an estimated population of 39,037 in January 1983 and a dweUing unit count of 16,181.2 \ profile of the City's housing stock is given below: Total DweUing Units 16,181 Single FamUy 9,901 2-4 dweUings/structures 1,559 5 or more dweUings/structures 4,026 MobUe Homes 695 Number of Occupied Units 15,033 Percent Vacant 7.09% Persons/DU 2.535 m 1. Source: San Diego Association of Governments, Preliminary Series 6 Regional Growth Forecasts by Major Statistical Area and Subregional Area 1980 -2000, May 1983. 2. Source: Gary Wayne, City of Carlsbad, Development Services, June 1983. -66- m m Median Value Owner Occupied Unit $123,400 Median Contract Rent $291 Housing Element The Housing Element (updated in March 1983) identifies several pubUc incentives to be developed which will assist the private market in providing broader housing opportunities, including the development of low and moderate income housing. Action programs include the development of voluntary inclusionary and density bonus programs, amending ordinances so that the mixed use of compatible commercial uses with residential units is encouraged, preparation of specific or master plans for residential developm^it on specified sites within the City to obviate need tor further environmental review of individual projects within such specific plan areas and require that a portion of master or specific plan areas be utUized for housing which helps meet Carlsbad's identified share of the regional need for housing opportunities. Employment Trendsl As of Fet^uary 1983, the total wage and salary and civiUan labor force employment estimate was 666,000 in San Diego County. This was down from the February 1982 estimate of 675,100. S^vices is the primary industry (24.2%) in the County foUowed by trade (23.1%) and manufacturing (15.5%). CivUian labor force, employmmt and unemployment rates for the County are shown on Table 5. TABLE 5 CIVILIAN LABOR FORCE, EMPLOYMENT AND UNEMPLOYMENT EMPLOYMENT DEVELOPMENT DEPARTMENT 1983 1982 February Janutury December February CivUian Labor Force2 ^ 847,600 849,200 849,300 823,000 Employment 759,700 760,400 764,700 752,800 Unemployment 87,900 88,800 84,600 70,200 Unemployment Rate3 10.4 10.5 10.0 8.5 1. Source: State of CaUfornia Employment Development Department, Annual Planning Information, May 1982. 2. Labor force data are by place of residence. Employment includes persons involved in labor management trade disputes. Data are benchmarked to March 1982. 3. The unemployment rate is computed from unrounded data; it may differ from rates using the rounded figures in this table. -67- 3w9.2 Impacts Growth Projections It is anticipated that a maximum of 1,600 dweUing units wiU be constructed onsite. Assuming 2.5 persons per dwelUng unit, an approximate onsite population of 4,000 would result. In addition, the project's proposing commercial land uses which wiU generate employment opportunities. Assuming 200,000 square feet of commercial uses and one employee per 450 square feet of use, 445 employment opportunities would be generated onsite. Therefore, in total, the proposed project wiU result in 1,600 dweUing units, 4,000 persons, and 445 employees. This is an approximate 27.5% increase of dwelUng units and population over what would result if the current General Plan land use designations were implemented. The project percentage of SANDAG's preUminary regional growth projections (Series VI) is provided in Table 6. TABLE 6 PROJECT PERCENTAGE OF SANDAG REGIONAL GROWTH PROJECTIONS THE YEAR 2000 Population Housing Carlsbad Subregional Area 5.9% 5.0% North County West 2,4% 2.1% Total Region 0.5% 0.4% As can be noted from the table, the project represents a smaU percentage of the regional population and housing forecasts. AdditionaUy, the project represents an incremental increase by one percent over the General Plan relative to the Carlsbad Subregional Area growth projections. This is not a significant increase. Housing Specific information regarding the types of residential housing types which would be constructed onsite is unavaUable at this level of planning detaU. However it can be assumed from the proposed densities that the majority of the project wiU be developed as multiple famUy units (i.e., townhomes, condominiums, patio homes, etc.). It is anticipated that the average seUing price would be $200,000. On a general basis, household incomes would need to be approximately $60,000l to qualify for purchase. Actual household incomes would vary according to percent down payment, equity transfers, and prevaiUng mortgage interest rates at the time of purchase. This high end housing could potentiaUy be attractive to the future professional management personnel associated with the planned industrial uses surrounding 1 This assumes a 3 to 1 houshold income to sales price ratio and a 10% down payment. -68- fill titi till tl I I iitiliiliiiiii 1 i i INDUSTRIAL SITES AVAILABLE OR UNDER CONSTRUCTION 1 PALOMAR AIRPORT 8U8INE88 PARK 2 KOLL CARL88AD RESEARCH CENTER 3 PALOMAR OAKS INDUSTRIAL PARK 4CARLSBAD COMMERCIAL CENTER a GRAHAM INTERNATIONAL 6ANDREX DEVELOPMENT 7 INTERAMERtCAN DEVELOPMENT PLANNED INDUSTRIAL SITES a SIGNAL LANDMARK 9 HUNTINGTON PALOMAR 10CARL88AD OAKS ACRES SOO SSO SS 26 10 IS s ssa 110 417 KELLY RANCH City of Carlsbad :Diri QMBA EXHIBIT 14 Palomar Airport (see Exhibit 14). Currentiy 960 acres of industrial land are avaUable or under construction in the City, and an additional 860 acres are planned for development. These industrial sites combined could generate approximately 40,000 employment opportunities over the next 10 to 15 years.l It can be assumed that these large employment centers wiU create demand for affordable as weU as higher priced housing in Carlsbad and surrounding cities. The City of Carlsbad has developed several pubUc Incentive programs to encourage the development of affordable housing in the City. The appUcabiUty of these programs to the proposed project wiU require evaluation in subsequent planning stages. 3L9.3 Mitigation Heasves 1. The City has implemented a housing program to address the City's unmet needs; subsequent planning documents (i.e., specific plan, site plan) wiU evaluate the feasitnUty - of incorporating low/moderate Income housing programs into the project. m m 1 This assumes 1,820 acres at 50% site coverage and 1 employee per 1,000 square feet of industrial buUding area. -69- 3.10 TRANSPORTATION/CIRCULATION A trafflc analysis was prepared for the project by WUldan Associates in June 1983. The report is summarized below and reproduced in its entirety as Appendix D. 3.10.1 Existing Conditions The project is located on the west side of El Camino Real. The site is currently undeveloped as is most of the surrounding area. Immediately north of the property is a detached single famUy residential development through which access is proposed. El Camino Real paraUeUng the site in a north westerly-southeasterly directed also provides access to the property. This road is currentiy paved with two travel lanes and shoulders in each direction, separated by a two-way tum lane. The City of Carlsbad has designated El Camino Real as a prime arterial with a 126-foot right-of- way, 106 feet between outer curbs, and an 18-foot raised median. This roadway configuration provides three travel lanes plus exclusive turning lanes for each direction of travel. The current daUy traffic volume on El Camino Real along the project frontage is 13,500 vehicles per day. The City of Carlsbad Cu-culation Study (WUldan Associates, 1982) projects an ultimate volume of 38,000 vehicles per day south of Cannon Road and 20,000 vehicles per day to the north. Cannon Road is a master planned major arterial roadway extending from Carlsbad Boulevard underneath 1-5 and extending through the City of Oceanside to Melrose Drive in Vista. At the present time, the facUity does not exist. The master plan designation provides four travel lanes on a 102-foot right-of-way. The pavement width of 82 feet between outer curbs includes an 18-foot median. The ultimate traffic volume based on the City's circulation study is 14,000 and 20,000 vehicles per day west and east, respectively, of El Camino Real. PubUc transit service to the KeUy Ranch site is provided by the North County Transit District. Route 309 currentiy operates on El Camino Real immediately adjacent to the site with 60 minutes headways from 6:00 a.m. to 9:00 p.m., weekdays. This route operates from Cardiff by the Sea to Camp Pendleton. Route 322 operates along Park and KeUy Drives north of the subject property provides access to downtown Carlsbad and Plaza Camino Real Shopping Center. 3.10.2 Impacts The requested GPA proposes to change the existing combination of low, low-medium, medium, and medium-high density residential, elementary school and open space land uses to a combination of low-medium, medium, and medium-high density residential, neighborhood, and recreation commercial and open space land uses. To evaluate and compare the potential impacts of these changes, traffic has been generated from each set of land uses, and distributed onto the proposed street network. To identify the amount of traffic generated by both the existing and proposed general plan, traffic generation rates were obtained from the San Diego Traffic Generators manual pubUshed by SANDAG. The specific rates used and trips generated are shown in Table 7. Since the general plan calls for a range of densities within each land use category, a specific density was assumed for each. This was accomplished by using the total number of dwelUng units proposed by the developer of the KeUy Ranch. The proposed development plan suggests development densities at or near the maximum aUowed densities, it was therefore assumed the existng general plan would develop at the maximum aUowed densities. -70- TABLE 7 TRAFFIC GENERATION DaUy Trips P.M. Peak Factor Volume Land Use Factor Volume 5l Out 5L Out •i Existing General Plan an N/O Open Space m RMH (600 DU) 8T/DU 4,800 .6 .2 360 120 RLM (172 DU) 10 T/DU 1,720 .7 .3 120 52 6,520 480 172 S/O Open Space mm RM (303 DU) 8T/DU 2,400 .6 . .2 180 60 m RL (182 DU) 10 T/DU lf820 .7 .3 127 55 mm 4,220 307 115 -Total 10,740 787 287 Proposed GPA N/O Open Space RLM (15 DU) 10 T/DU 150 .7 .3 10 4 *• RMH (465 DU) 8 T/DU 3,720 .6 .2 279 93 dS 3,870 289 97 Ml S/O Open Space RMH (575 DU) 8 T/DU 4,600 .6 .2 345 115 •M RM (545 DU) 8 T/DU 4,360 .6 .2 327 109 Ml RC (3.2 AC) 100 T/AC 320 5 5 16 16 NC (13.7 AC) 800 T/AC 10,960 40 40 548 548 M 20,240 1,236 788 «« Total 24,110 1,525 885 1. The Neighborhood Commercial (NC) land use is located north of the og>en space, but wiU take access from the south side of the open space. The projected traffic from the site was then distributed onto the master planned roadway system. To determine the distribution pattern for the project, the patterns -71- from existing developments and distributions used in other EIRs was reviewed for projects in the vicinity of the KeUy Ranch. The distribution used is shown in Table 8. TABLE 8 TRAFFIC DISTRIBUTION Street Percentage Interstate 5 (North) 25 (South) 25 El Camino Real (North) 15 (South) 15 Cannon Road (East) 20 When traffic was assigned to the street system the site was divided in half, assuming that only the connection to the commercial site would cross the open space area. It was also assumed the only access point to El Camino Real would be at Cannon Road. This is based on the City of Carlsbad's intersection spacing poUcy which caUs for a minimum spacing of 2,600 feet between intersections on prime arterials. In addition, the aUgnment of El Camino Real north of Cannon Road would make it extremely difficult to have the proper site distance at a second access point due to the combination of a crest vertical curve and a horizontal curve. The current and projected traffic volumes are shown on Exhibit 15. The City of Carlsbad has estabUshed street design criteria with ranges of traffic volumes expected on each roadway classification. This criteria provides a good first brush evaluation of potential impacts. The design criteria eaUs for prime arterials (El Camino Real) to carry in excess of 40,000 trips per day; major arterials (Cannon Road) to carry 20,000 to 40,000 trips per day, and coUector streets (Park and KeUy) to carry 500 to 5,000 trips per day. Based on this criteria aU of the streets in the vicinity of the project wiU be operating within their design parameters. Potential impacts of the intersection of major streets in the project vicinity were also quantified. To accomplish this. Intersection Capacity UtiUzation (ICU) analyses were conducted using the critical movement anfidysis method described in "Transportation Research Circular No. 212, Interim Materials on Highway Capacity." ICU analyses were conducted at the intersections of KeUy Drive and Cannon Road with El Camino Real and Paseo del Norte with Cannon Road. The results are summarized below and the calculations are included in the appendix along with a definition of the various levels of service. Level of Service Intersection Without GPA With GPA KeUy/El Camino A A Cannon/El Camino B B Cannon/Paseo del Norte A A -72- m. m NO SCALE PROPOSED ROADWAYS EXISTING ROADWATS ADT(l,000's) 1962/2000wbGPA/2000 w/GPA KELLY RANCH City of Carlsbad EXHIBIT 15 m m WhUe the proposed GPA wiU degrade the level of service at these critical intersections to some extent, the resulting levels of service are fuUy acceptable. Therefore, no significant adverse intersection capacity impacts wiU result from the proposed GPA. In addition to evaluating street and intersection capacities, the proposed aUgnment for Cannon Road was reviewed. The specific location of Cannon Road has been discussed for many years. The generaUy agreed upon aUgnmmt has been Cannon Road running along the southside of the Agua Hedionda south of the wetiands area. There are, however, one or two locations where the wetlands area travels up some canyons around the lagoon and the roadway crosses through the wetlands. The alignment of Cannon Road as shown on the GPA generaUy foUows the suggested aUgnment. As specific developments are planned and design work begins, the designer should carefuUy consider the effects on the wetlands and the amount of grading around the lagoon. Consideration should be given to having separate aUgnments for the east and west bound lanes in order to minimize potential impacts. 3.10.3 Mitigation Measures No significant adverse traffic impacts have been identified provided that access to the various portions of the project are as assumed in the analysis. It is recommended that consideration be given to having separate aUgnments for the east and westbound lanes of Cannon Road in order to minimize potential impacts to the wetlands. The foUowing poUcies from the Agua Hedionda LCP wiU also be appUed where appropriate. 1. Parking standards set forth in the Carlsbad Zoning Ordinance, shaU be appUed to future developments (PoUcy 5.2). 2. Parking shaU be discouraged on arterial and coUector streets (PoUcy 5.3). 3. The street system for the plan area shaU be constructed in conformance with the LCP (PoUcy 5.4). 4. In the development of the precise aUgnment of Cannon Road the foUowing design criteria and environmental protection measures shaU apply: a. No portion of the road construction shedl involve fiUing or dredging of fresh or saltwater marsh wetiands, except as noted in the letter from the Coastal Commission to the State Department of Fish and Game (2/17/82; see Appendix D). b. To the extent that any portion of the road construction would occur in or adjacent to an environmentaUy sensitive habitat area other than a wetland, the road shaU be sited and designed to prevent impacts which would significantiy degrade such areas, shaU avoid significant distruption of habitat values, and shaU be sited and designed to be compatible with the continuance of habitat values. ' c. To the extent that there are no feasible less environmentaUy damaging alternatives and the road as designed would nonetheless result in adverse w impacts to environmentaUy sensitive habitat areas, such impacts shaU be • * -73- fuUy mitigated in accordance with the recommendations of the State Department of Fish and Game. m m -74- ^ 3.11 AIR QUAUTY 3.U.1 Existing Conditions Meteorology ^ The cUmate of the project area, as in most of southern CaUfornia, is characterized by cool summers, mUd winters, low rainfaU confined to the winter months, ^ comfortable humidities, and fresh on-shore breezes. Unfortunately, the semi- permanent high pressure system over the Pacific Ocean that creates a pleasant Uving •• cUmate also forms persistent temperature inversions that severly restrict the dispersal of air poUutants with resulting unhealthful air quality. m Temperatures in the project vicinity (based on data from the Oceanside air monitoring station) average 60®F annuaUy, with cool summers (68®F) and mUd mm winters (54<>F). RainfaU is highly variable, although almost 90 percent of the annual precipitation of 9.9 inches falls between late November and early AprU. However, *• precipitation is so variable that monthly totals in a wet year may exceed the annual ^ total average. m Winds blow onshore from the southwest through west for most of the year except when they reverse direction in winter when the land becomes cooler than the M adjacent ocean. Unless the onshore winds are recirculating out of the South Coast Air Basin, they are relatively clean. If, however, the onshore flow under a very low inversion is bringing an aged, poUuted air mass out of the Los Angeles area, the coastal strip from Oceanside to La JoUa may have the worst air poUution in the > county. Not only does this recirculation phenomenon subject people to unhealthful m levels of air quaUty, but it also means that no matter how much emission levels in the county are reduced, it is improbable that the County wiU attain clean air « standards untU the upwind South Coast Air Basin attains its air standards. The Ambient Air QuaUty Standards (AAQS) are those levels of air quaUty considered ^ safe, with an adequate margin of safety, to protect the pubUc health and welfare. The standards are an out-growth of the Clean Air Act Amendments of 1970 that mandated national AAQS. • The San Diego Air PoUution Control District (APCD) measures air quaUty at the ^ Oceanside Station, approximately 5 mUes northwest of the project site. Air quality information from this station are indicative of the general air quaUty of the project area. Air quaUty data for the years 1978 through 1981, the last five years for which annual air quaUty data is avaUable, is presented for the Oceanside Station in Table 9. As shown in the table, levels of locaUy generated poUutants such as carbon monoxide, nitrogen oxides, and sulfur are low and rarely threaten clean air ^ standards. Particulate levels have increased in the last few years, but this increase li may be more a function of locaUzed construction activities than regional degradation. The data in Table 9 also su^ests that instances of unhealthful air quaUty are mainly associated with non-local sources (i.e., ozone and particulates) which are carried into the basin from other regions of southern California. m m Problems of imported poUution and additional local contributions are compounded by high-frequency inversions. In summer, the subsiding air in the Pacific high center is undercut by a shaUow layer of cool marine air causing a thermal inversion. Mixing is confined to the marine layer (often less than 1000 feet deep) with the inversion acting as a cap or Ud over the basin. In winter, the air in contact with the cold -75- Table 9 SUMMARY OF AIR QUALITY DATA OCEANSIDE STATION (1977-1981) Pollutant Standards 1977 Days Max. Over 1 hr, Std. Cone* 1978 Days Max. Over 1 Hr. Std. Cone* 1 1979 ! 1980 ' Days Max. Days Max. \ Over 1 hr, i Over 1 hr. I Std, Cone* ] Std. Cone* 1981 Days Max. Over 1 hr. Std. Cone* Nitrogen Dioxide 1 hr.> 25 phm 1 32 0 28 1 i 0 18 1 0 19 ! i 1 0 19 Sulfur Dioxide All Stds. 0 0 0 3 i i 0 6 0 5 : 0 5 Carbon Monoxide 1 hr.> 35 phm 0 8 0 9 i 1 0 10 } 0 8 i 0 8 Ozone 1 hr. > 12 pphm 22 25 ! 20 35 i i : 1 22 36 \ 14 23 i 15 29 Hydrocar- bons** 3 hr. > 24 pphm 243 45 211 40 '143 26 ;101 25 ! j 96 35 TSP 24 hr. > 100 ug/m3 24 hr, > 260 ug/m3 21 Max. 24 hr. 0 271 Max. 40 24 hr. 0 225 i 1 i 1 Max. i Max. 31 24 hr. 1 51 24 hr. 1 0 180 0 219 Max. 39 24 hr. 2 173 in \j\jfm\ eALejjt rur pcirticuiates in ug/m-', ana caroon monoxiae in ppm. ** Corrected for methane. Source: San Diego Air Pollution Control District, California Air Resource Board. ^ound cools whUe the air aloft remains warm. Ttiese inversions trap poUutants near low-level sources such as freeways or pcirking lots. Summer afternoons have capping inversions with bases below 2000 feet on 90 percent of aU observations. Winters, conversely, have surface-based radiation inversions on 75 percent of aU nights. Summers are therefore given to regional photochemicaUy reactive poUution problems whUe winter nights have high levels of primary (nonreactive or slowly reactive) poUutants such as nitrogen oxides and carbon monoxide. 3.11.2 Impacts As indicated in the Conceptual Development Plan submitted in conjunction with the General Plan Amendment, the project is comprised of residential, neighborhood commercial, recreational commercial and open space. The proposed development plan would result in 1,600 dweUing units, as weU as approximately 200,000 square feet of neighborhood commercial land use. Short-Term Impacts The construction phase of the project would produce two sources of short-term air poUution emissions. These are exhaust emissions from construction and grading equipment and dust generated as a result of earth movement and equipment traffic. The dust emissions may cause a nuisance to persons residing in the vicinity of the project or along haul routes to and from the site. Dust emissions would increase suspended particulate matter concentrations in the site vicinity during grading operations. In addition, the diesel odors from the construction vehicles could create a temporary nuisance to the persons downwind and adjacent to the site. I Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) estimates dust emissions from construction projects at an estimate 80 pounds of dust per day per acre of grading activity could ' occur. However, the actual daUy dust emissions would vary depending on the amount , of land beii^ graded each day. The emissions which would be produced from site preparation cannot be estimated at this time since the proposed site plan is , conceptual and detaUed grading plcms are not available at this stage of planning. ' Long-Term Impacts ' Long-term impacts are those associated with permanent usage of the commercial I and residential uses proposed. Stationary source emissions from operation of the development are generated at the power plant where electricity for the site is I generated and at the site where natural gas is used for space and wat^ heating. Motor vehicle or mobUe-source emissions are generated along roadways throughout ' the City and San Diego air basin. ' The air poUutants generated can be projected as the sum of both stationary and I mobUe source emissions. DaUy emissions can be determined throught the multipUcation of a usage rate and an emission factor for each primary poUutant (see I Appendix E). The results obtained for the study area with and without the proposed GPA provided in Tables 10 to 11 are summarized below. The calculations assume ultimate buUdout under both scenarios by the year 2000. " In general, stationary source emissions generated by the existing General Plan land . uses represent approximately 3% of the total emissions from aU sources (see W Table 10). In the year 2000, motor vehicle emissions wiU account for 97% of the I total emissions from the study area uses. Improvements in vehicle exhaust control -76- tehnology and the passage of the mandatory Inspection/Maintenancd Program should reduce this percentage. Implementation of the proposed project wiU result in simflar proportions of stationary and mobUe source emissions with 4% stationary source and 96% mobUe source (see Table 11). Under both existing GP and proposed GP conditions, the bulk of the emissions (80%) is carbon monoxide which is emitted by motor vehicles. TABLE 10 MOBILE AND STATIONARY SOURCE EMISSIONS EXISTING GENERAL PLAN (tons/year) PoUutant Electricity Natural Gas Combustion Emissions 1 Generation Combustion Emissions 2 Total Vehicular Emissions (2000)3 Emissions From AU Sources CO 0.720 1.092 426.523 428.335 RHC NA NA 40.831 40.831 NOx 3.601 7.878 43.201 54.680 SOx 0.000 0.110 NA 0.110 Particulates 0.341 2.184 NA 2.525 NA = Not AppUcable. 1 Based on a natural gas usage rate of 73.6 miUion cu ft year. See Appendix E for emission factors and worksheets. 2 Based on an electricity usage rate of 6.4 mUUon kwh/year. See Appendix E for emission factors and worksheets. 3 Based on 86,576 vehicle mUes/day. See Appendix E for emission factors and worksheets. -77- TABLE 11 MOBILE AND STATIONARY SOURCE EMISSIONS PROPOSED GENERAL PLAN (tons/year) m PoUutant Natural Gas Combustion Emissions^ Electricity Generation Combustion Emissions^ Vehicular Emissions (2000)3 Total Emissions From AU Sources M CO 1.382 3.430 947.278 952.090 RHC NA NA 90.965 90.965 •• NO^ 6.909 24.743 96.201 127.853 m SOx 0.000 0.347 NA 0.347 Particulates 0.655 6.861 NA 7.516 m m NA - Not AppUcable. 1 Based on natural gas usage rate of 141.2 miUion cubic feet/year. See Appendix E for emission factors and worksheets. 2 Based on an electricity usagerate of 20.1 miUion kwh/year. See appendix E for emission factors and worksheets. 3 Based on 192,880 vehicle mUes/day. See Appendix E for emission factors and worksheets. -78- TABLE 12 COMPARISON OF AIR POLLUTANT EMISSIONS WITH AND WITHOUT PROPOSED GPA (tons/year) PoUutant Existing GPA Proposed GPA % Bicrease With Proposed GPA CO 428.335 952.090 122% RHC 40.831 90.965 123% NOx 54.780 127.853 134% SOx 0.110 0.347 215% Particulates 2.525 7.516 197% As shown in Table 12, emissions generated due to usage of the proposed land uses wiU be greater than under the existing General Plan land uses. The greatest increases wiU occur for sulfur oxides and particulates which are emitted primarUy by stationary sources. Most of the emissions generated under both the existing and proposed General Plan are motor vehicle emissions which are generated along roadways throughout the City and air basin. Electricity generation at the power plant emits the next greatest percentage of emissions, and natural gas combustion for water and space heating generates the least amount of emissions. Regional Impact A comparison of the project's estimated total emissions 0>oth mobile and stationary) in accordance with the General Plan Amendment request to the total projected emissions for the San Diego Air Basin (SDAB) under estimated trends for the year 2000 is shown in Table 13. Based on the comparison with the SDAB projected emissions for 1990, the project would contribute less than a third of one percent of the total estimated emissions for the SDAB (except for SOv particulates, for which the percentage contribution is not avaUable). -79- TABLE 13 PROJECT TOTAL EMISSIONS COMPARED TO PROJECTED EMISSIONS FOR THE SAN DIEGO AIR BASIN (tons/day) Project PoUutant Maximum Project Emissions Year 2000 Project SDAB Emissions^ Contribution To SDAB Emissions % Carbon Monoxide 2.61 817.70 0.32 Reactive Hydrocarbons 0.25 212.25 0.12 Nitrogen Oxides 0.35 142.75 0.25 Sulfur Oxides 0.00 — — Particulates 0.02 — — Local Impact The potential impact of the proposed project on local air quaUty was determined through use of the Caltrans CaUne 3 air quality model. CaUne 3 aUows carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations to be estimated along a given roadway corridor. Because of the relative inertness of cart>on monoxide on present scientific knowledge of dispersion characteristics of the other air poUutant species, carbon monoxide is the most suitable tracer poUutant for microscale modeling. Secondary poUutants are a large-scale phenomenon and should be analyzed on a regional basis, rather than a local one. Assumptions made for the CaUne 3 model appear in Appendix E and a brief discussion of inputs to the model foUows. Table 14 presents the results of the analysis. o The intersection chosen for modeUing was El Camino Real at the future Cannon Road. The traffic volumes used reflect buUdout for both the existing General Plan and proposed General Plan traffic conditions as determined by the traffic consultant. o The calculations assume a meteorological condition of almost no wind (2 mph) and a flat topographic conditions between the source and receptor. o Since the one-hour standard is rarely, if ever, exceeded, the CO concentrations are calculated for an eight-hour averaging period and then compared to the federal eight-hour standard.2 1 Regional Air QuaUty Strategy, San Diego Air PoUution Control District. Emissions Trends Forecast. (Strategy 2) of the 1982 State Implementation Plan revision for the SDAB). 2 The federal standard is 9 ppm of CO for an 8-hour average. The 8 hour standard has never been exceeded at the Oceanside Station. -80- o Concentrations are reported in a unit of parts per miUion (ppm) at distances of 50 feet, 100 feet, and 150 feet from the highway centerUne. o The average speed along both El Camino Real and Future Cannon Road was assumed to be 35 mUes per hour (mph). The year 2000 CO emission factor for this speed was used to calculate the CO concentrations for the existing General Plan and proposed General Plan traffic, respectively.^ The existing General Plan and proposed GPA CO concentrations resulting from the CaUne 3 model are reported in Table 14 after being added to the ambient CO levels of 5.1 ppm. This concentration represents the second-highest eight-hour ambient CO concentration at the Oceanside air monitoring station (the closest station that monitors CO) for 1981.2 This summation is done to present the almost worst-case CO condition. It should be noted, however, that the eight-hour average CO level has never exceeded the federal eight-hour standard at the Oceanside station. TABLE 14 EIGHT-HOUR CARBON MONOXIDE CONCENTRATIONS^ (parts per miUion) Existing GP/Proposed GP Intersection 50 ft. 100 ft. 150 ft. El Camino Real at Future Cannon 6.10/6.25 5.66/5.76 5.51/5.56 Table 14 indicates that the proposed existing CO concentrations are sUghtly higher than the existing General Plan concentrations. However, the increment is not significant considering the concentrations are stUl below the federal eight-hour CO stand€urd. Project traffic wiU add to the cumulative increases in local CO levels generated by this and other new developments using these roads. State Implementation Plan The San Diego Air PoUution Control District's (AQCD) regional strategies to attain the AAQS are based on projected emission trends which in turn are based on the Series V population projections made by the San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG). A project compUance with the State Implementation Plan is determined by comparing the projects population, density and vehicle trips to the Series V projections for the area. 1 Emission factors used were from the EMFAC 6C model (approved by the State Air Resources Board). 2 The second-highest eight-hour CO encentration at the Oceanside station for the year 2000 wiU most Ukely be less based on the two trends anticipated by the year 2000: (1) reduction in emission rates and (2) an increase in the number of in-use vehicles. The 1981 CO level represents more of a worst-ease condition. 3 Concentrations measured in ppm at 3 distances from the highway centerUne. Concentrations have been added to the second-highest CO level to indicate the almost worst-case CO situation that could occur. -81- Recent discussions with SANDAG indicate that the Series V projections are currentiy being revised. The Series V forecast projects a density of 2 dwelUng units per acre for the project area by the year 2000. The recent, but yet unapproved, forecast (Series VI) projects a density of 2.5 dwelling units per acre by the year 1990.^ Based upon these projections, this equates to 1,000 dweUing units on site. Should the 1,600 units be constructed onsite prior to 1990, the project would exceed current SANDAG projections. As noted in Table 11, the project-associated emissions would contribute less than one-third of one percent of the total estimated emissions for the Basin (except for SO^ and particulates) for the year 2000. 3.11.3 Mitigation Measures The appUcemt proposes to provide neighborhood commercial and recreational faciUties close to the residential development. This would reduce travel distance for convenient shopping and recreational needs. Additional mitigation measures include: o Normal ground wetting procedures should be foUowed during the site grading operations to reduce the short-term impacts associated with dust emissions. o Alternate transportation concepts should be considered in the site plan development by including the provision of bus turnouts, pubUc bikeways, hiking trails and walkways. o Solar assisted heating systems should be considered to reduce onsite use of natural gas and offsite generation of electricity. o Solar orientation and passive solar techniques should be considered in the site planning and architectural design. m w 1 BiU McFarland, SANDAG, telecon, AprU 11, 1983. These figures represent a ' general density figure for the entire project area and are not site specific. i -82- 3.12 NOISE 3-12.1 Existing Conditions Ambient noise levels onsite are relatively low. Daytime and nighttime noise levels currentiy faU between 45 dBA and 55 dBA. The project site is not impacted by noise generated by aircraft operations associated with Palomar Airport, altiiough occasional overfUghts do occur. Despite projected increases in aircraft operations at this airport, future noise levels are expected to be lower than current levels, due to federaUy mandated reductions in aircraft engine noise. Motorboat noise has generated the most citizen noise complaints from residents Uving along the north shore of inner Agua Hedionda Lagoon. In response, the City has estabUshed and enforced speed Umits for boats on the lagoon. If further controls are warranted in the future, the City has the option of setting curfews or Umiting the types of boats aUowed on the lagoon. Ambient noise levels in the project area primarUy result from traffic on adjacent streets. Noise from motor vehicles is generated by the engine vibrations, the interaction between the tires and the road, and the exhaust system. Reducing the speed of motor vehicles reduces the noise exposure of Usteners inside the vehicle and those located adjacent to the roadway. The highway traffic noise prediction model developed by the Federal Highway Administration (RD-77-108) and currentiy being appUed throughout the nation was used to evaluate current noise parameters including: the traffic volume; vehicle mix and speed; and roadway geometry in computing equivalent noise levels during typical daytime, evening and nighttime hours. The resultant noise levels are then weighted, summed over 24 hours, and output as the CNEL value at the observer. Various CNEL contours are subsequently located through a series of computerized interations designed to isolate the 60, 65, and 75 CNEL contour locations. Table 15 provides the current noise levels adjacent to roadways in the project vicinity. Assuming a standard noise reduction with distance factor of 4.5 dBA with each doubUng, the distance to various noise contours used for land use compatibility purposes have also been determined, as shown in Table 15. Based on the noise levels shown in the table, none of the existing dweUings located in the project vicinity are currently exposed to noise levels which exceed the noise guideUnes specified by the City of Carlsbad. However, any new development in the vicinity could generate higher noise levels by increasing traffic volumes on the nearby roadways. - 83 - Table 15 CURRENT EXTERIOR NOISE EXPOSURE ADJACENT TO NEARBY ROADWAYS Location Current CNEL @ A.D.T.1 50 ft.2 Dist- to Contours (ft.) 3 70 dBA 65 dBA m El Camino Real -at KeUy Dr. KeUy Drive -north of Park Dr. Park Drive -west of KeUy Dr. 13,000 3,000 2,000 7L3 57.3 55.5 71 R-O-W R-O-W 135 R-O-W 32 Ml 3. AU distances are measured from the centerUne. R-O-W indicates that the contour faUs inside the right-of-way. 1. A.D.T. means average daUy two-way traffic volume. 2. The CNEL value for El Camino Real is given at the right-of way (63 feet from the centerUne). -84- 3.12.2 Impacts Approximately 10% of the population has such a low tolerance for noise that they object to any noise not of their own making. Consequentiy, even in the quietest environment, some complaints wiU occur. Another 25% of the population wiU not complain even in very severe noise environments. Thus, a variety of reactions can be expected from people exposed to any given noise environment. Despite this, the population as a whole can be expected to exhibit the foUowing responses to changes in noise levels: an increase or decrease of 1.0 dBA cannot be perceived except in carefuUy controUed laboratory experiments; a 3.0 dBA increase is considered just noticeable outside of the lcU>oratory; an increase of at least 5.0 dBA is necessary before any noticeable change in community response (i.e., complaints) would be expected. Short-Term Impacts Short-term acoustic impacts are those associated with construction activities necessary to extend Cannon Road across the site and construct the proposed residential and commercial land uses. These noise levels wiU be hi^er than the ambient noise levels in the project area today, but wiU subside once construction is complete. They would occur with or without the proposed GPA since the site is already designated for residential development. Two types of noise impact should be considered durii^ the construction phase. First, the transport of workers and equipment to the construction site wUl incrementaUy increase noise levels along the roadways leading to and from the site. The increase should be inaudible to noise receptors located along the roadways utiUzed for this purpose. Second, the noise generated by the actual on-site construction activities should be evaluated. Construction activities are carried out in discrete steps, each of which has its own mix of equipment, and consequentiy its own noise characteristics. These various sequential phases wiU change the character of the noise levels surrounding the construction site as work progresses. Despite the variety in type and size of construction equipment, simUarities in the dominant noise sources and patterns of operation aUow noise ranges to be categorized by work phase. Appendix F provides typical construction equipment noise ranges. Long-Term Impacts The long-term acoustic impacts associated with the proposed GPA wiU derive from increased motor vehicle usage by future residents and commercial patrons onsite, as weU as deUvery and maintenance vehicles destined for onsite development. Using these volumes and assuming a 4 percent truck mix, the ambient noise levels with and without the proposed project were projected. In this manner, the noise increases associated with development per the proposed GPA were quantified. Table 16 provides the projected noise exposures adjacent to various roadways in the study area with development onsite per the existing General Plan designations. As shown therein, noise levels adjacent to El Camino Real wiU reach 73.2 CNEL at the right-of way west of Cannon Road and 76.0 CNEL east of it. Consequently, residential development within 177 or 268 feet, respectively, would require noise barriers or setbacks to be considered a compatible use adjacent to El Camino Real. SimUarly, residential development within 103 feet of the Cannon Road centerUne - 85 - would require acoustic shielding to be considered compatible with the acoustic environment. Table 16 FUTURE EXPOSURE ADJACENT TO NEARBY ROADWAYS WITHOUT THE PROJECT Roadway Projected A.D.T. CNEL® 50 ft.2 Contour Location (ft)^ 70 dBA 65 dBA 60 dBA El Camino Real (55 mph) -West of Cannon Rd. 20,000 -East of Cannon Rd. 38,000 Cannon Road (45 m^^) -S. of Camino Real 14,000 KeUy Drive (25 mph) -N. of Park Dr. 6,000 Park Drive (25 mph) -W. of KeUy Dr. 5,000 73.2 76.0 70.5 89 129 53 177 268 103 60.3 R-O-W R-O-W 59.5 R-O-W R-O-W 375 574 217 52 46 m m Table 17 provides the future noise level in the ^Hroject vicinity if the proposed GPA were to be implemented. A comparison of Tables 16 and 17 shows the change in ambient noise levels associated with the proposed project. The noise level increase adjacent to El Camino Real and KeUy Drive in the project vicinity wiU be less than 1.0 dBA and therefore inaudible to adjacent noise receptors. The 1.9 dBA noise increase expected adjacent to Cannon Road would be audible under laboratory conditions but inaudible in the environment in which it wiU occur. A 1.0 dBA noise decrease wiU occur along Park Drive. Since less than a 3.0 dBA noise increase is generaUy considered to be inaudible outside of laboratory conditions, the impact of the project on ambient noise levels in the immediate project vicinity should be insignificant and should not result in violation of appUcable state and local standards for ambient noise. The impact of the ambient noise environment on the development envisioned onsite should also be considered. To properly assess this issue, the distances to the 65 CNEL contours shown in Table 17 should t>e noted. Residential or commercial uses planned within these distances would require noise barriers, setbacks, or other mitigation techniques to be considered a compatible use. 1. AU distances are measured in feet from the roadway centerUne. R-O-W indicates that the contour wiU be located within the roadway right-of-way. 2. AU noise levels are given in CNEL at the right-of-way or 50 feet, whichever is larger. -86- TABLE 17 Roadway FUTURE NOISE EXPOSURE ADJACENT TO NEARBY ROADWAYS WITH THE PROJECT Projected A.D.T. CNEL @ 50 ft.2 Contour Location (ft) 70 dBA 65 dBA 60 dBA El (Damino Real -West of Cannon Rd. 23,000 -East of Cannon Rd. 40,000 Cannon Road -S. of Camino Real 22,000 KeUy Drive -N. of Park Dr. 5,000 Park Drive -W. of KeUy Dr. 4,000 73.8 76.2 72.4 96 133 68 194 278 137 59.5 R-O-W R-O-W 58.5 R-O-W R-O-W 411 594 292 46 40 3.12.3 Mitigation Measures The foUowing mitigation measures are recommended for incorporation in the project to minimize noise impacts: 1. Construction activities wiU take place only during dayUght hours to reduce noise impacts during more sensitive time periods. 2. The use and proper maintenance of noise reducing devices on construction equipment wiU minimize construction-related noise. 3. Although traffic noise increases along Park Drive and KeUy Drive resulting from the project may be audible, no mitigation measures are required or proposed to reduce traffic noise along these routes since current noise levels are quite low. 4. Truck access, parking area design and air conditioning/refrigeration units wiU be carefuUy designed and evaluated at more detaUed planning stages to minimize the potential for impacts to adjacent developments and insure compUance with the City Noise Element and Noise Ordinance. 5. More detaUed acoustic analyses wiU be performed at more detaUed levels of planning (as specified by State law) to insure that aU State and City acoustic attenuation requirements are met. 1. AU distances are measured in feet from the roadway centerUne. R-O-W indicates that the contour wiU be located within the roadway right-of-way. 2. AU noise levels are given in CNEL at the right-of-way or 50 feet, whichever is larger. - 87 - 3.13 VISUAL RESOURCES 3.13.1 Existing Conditions The Agua Hedionda Lagoon and creek and adjacent environs represent a significant visual resource and natural open space corridor in the City of Carlsbad. Approximately 17 acres of the site are within the tidal reach of the lagoon, and the creek traverses the length of the site in a southwesterly direction. The coastal hiUs which comprise the southeastern portion of the site, provide an elevational contrast to the broad and relatively flat confluence of Agua Hedionda Creek with the lagoon. The eastern end of the lagoon, int^mittent wat^flow in the creek and the associated vegetative communities are the primary visual features of the site. Vegetation communities vary from tidal flats, fresh water marsh and riparian woodlands in this portion of the site. Along the northwestern perimeter of the site, existing residences have views of the , lagoon and creek and of the coastal hills. Agricultural activities (truck farming of tomatoes and corn and horse stables) are also visible from these residential areas. ' Hidden VaUey Road is also evident as it foUows the base of the hiUs in a westerly direction from El Camino Real. Agricultural activities in the eastem and ' southernmost areas of the site are screened from view by natural topography. From the higher elevations onsite, surrounding land uses can be seen, including panoramas of Palomar Airport to the southeast, Macario Park to the southwest, the ^ SCE power plant and the Pacific Ocean to the west and existing residential and open ' space areas to the north and east. ' AppUcable Local Coastal Program PoUcies The foUowing poUcy is excerpted from the Agua Hedionda Land Use Plan. o Park Avenue is designated as a scenic roadway. Development adjacent to this road shaU maintain a minimum 20-foot landscaped buffer between the street and parking areas. Required landscaped setbacks may include ' sidewalks and bikeways, but shall not include parking areas. Parking areas 1 shaU be screened from the street utiUzing vegetation, tree forms, and berms, as appropriate. I 3.13.2 Impacts Implementation of the proposed project wiU, as would the current General Plan, ' exert a long-term impact upon the present aesthetic character of the study area. ^ The proposed residential/commarcial development wiU transform 145 acres of the existing open space/rural character of the KeUy Ranch to that of an urbanscape. > Alterations to landfcvm and vegetative cover wUl occur as a result of grading , necessary for development. , In addition to urbcui uses, the project proposes the retention of approximately 255 acres as open space. This open space is primarUy located in the floodplain and in the coastal hills. Impacts to the coastal hiUs wiU be minimized through the clustering of w development areas and prohibiting development in areas where slopes exceed 25%. -88- Agricultural activities wiU be removed, thus altering the rural atmosphere. This wiU be offset somewhat by the transferring of some agricultural activities into the floodplain area. Hie northern portion of Agua Hedinda Creek wiU be altered permanently since it is Ukely that the steamflow wiU be channeUzed through this portion of the site. BiologicaUy and aestheticaUy, this reach of the creek is less significant than the southern reach which is proposed for retention in its natural state. At buUdout, the project wiU be visible partiaUy from residential units to the north and south of the project. Views onsite wiU also be altered to travelers along El Camino Real and Park Drive, which are designated scenic roadways. Existing noise, and indirect Ught and glare levels wiU be increased, affecting those portions of the site which wiU remain as open space, as weU as Macario Park. 3.13.3 Mitigation Heaswes Loss of agricultural and open space lands is largely an unavoidable adverse impact for projects of this nature. However, impacts wUl be reduced partiaUy through the foUowing measures which wiU be incorporated into future, specific project designs. 1. Landscaping wiU be provided throughout the proposed planned community and adjacent to roadways to soften the visual impacts of development and to enhance the aesthetic character of the community. 2. Development wiU be clustered to minimize landform alterations and development of slopes exceeding 25% wiU be prohibited. 3. Approximately 255 acres of the site wiU be retained as open space. 4. BuUding heights wUl not exceed 35 feet per the Agua Hedionda Specific Plan (Land Use Plan). 5. To minimize Ught and glare, street and sign Ughting shaU be oriented toward development areas to avoid spiUover into adjacent properties, particularly into Macario Park. 6. Development treatments along Park Drive and El Camino Real wiU be sensitive to their designation as scenic roadways. This includes compUance with the Scenic Highways Element and Agua Hedionda LCP poUcies regarding setbacks and landscaping. Please refer to Section 3.6 LAND USES for mitigation measures relative to visual impacts related to surrounding land uses. -89- Illlltltitltltltii ililililililil I I KELLY RANCH City of Carlsbad QMBA EXHIBIT 16 a KELLY RANCH City of Carlsbad MBA EXHIBIT 17 6 e KELLY RANCH City of Carlsbad MBA EXHIBIT 17A 3.14 PUBUC SERVICES AND UTILmES The intent of this section is to describe the current capabUities of the various pubUc services and utiUty agencies that wiU be effected by the proposed development, present a quantitative analysis, whenever possible, of the project-related impacts to the agencies, and provide appropriate mitigation measures. Much of this section has been excerpted from the Supplemental Environmental Studies prepared for the KeUy Ranch; this information has been updated and/or supplemented where appropriate. Correspondence received from the servicing agencies is contained In the Technical Appendices. Wstsr^ Existing Conditions Potable wat^ for the project area is obtained from the San Diego County Water Authority by the City of Carlsbad and Costa Real Municipal Water District. This water is a blend of the State Water Project and Colorado River water deUvered by the MetropoUtan Water District (MWD) of Southern California. The water is fUtered and chlorinated at the MWD's Sdnner Treatment Plant. The Costa Real Municipal Water District provides further chlorination to maintain an adequate chlorine residual within the district. Existing water faciUties in the project vicinity include a 12-inch asbestos concrete pipe (ACP) in both Park and KeUy Drives. In addition, a 10-inch ACP is located within the area of the future Cannon Road. Impacts The proposed project is expected to consume 877,350 gaUons of wat«r per day based on 1,600 residential dweUing units. Table 18 indicates the method of estimation used to compute the anticipated water consumption of the project. TABLE 18 PROJECTED WATER CONSUMPTION Land Use Neighborhood Commercial Residential DweUing Units Square Feet/ Number of Units 200,000 sq.ft. 1,600 Units Consumption Factor 30 gal./day/person2 540 gal./day/D.U. Total Water Consumption 13,350 gal./day 864,000 gal./day 877,350 gal./day 1. Information for this section was obtained from Mr. WilUam Meadows, Costa Real Municipal Water District, telephone conversation of AprU 5, 1983. 2. Based on 4 people per 1,000 square feet of floor space. -90- The Water District has indicated that there is adequate water pressure for the proposed development. However, the existing Unes may require resizing and relocating to provide the needed flows (volumes). Mitigation Measures 1. The foUowing water conservation measures wiU be implemented as required by state law: l.low-flush toUets (Section 17921.3 of the Health and Safety Code) 2aow-flow showers and faucets (California Administrative Code, TiUe 24, Part 6, Article 1, T20-1406F) 3.insulation of hot water Unes in water recirculating systems (CaUfornia Energy Commission regulations) 2. The project also wiU comply with the water conservation provisions of the appropriate Plumbing Code. 3.1n addition, the State Department of Water Resources recomends implementation of several other interior and exterior water conservation measures which vary as to their appUcabUity and practicaUty for any one particular development proposal. These measures shaU be investigated extensively as to their feasibiUty for use in the development. For those measures found to be feasible, they wiU be implemented to the maximum extent possible. These measures are contained in Appendix A. Wastewater^ Existing Conditions Sewer service in the project area is provided by the City of Carlsbad PubUc Utilities Department. There are currentiy no sewage faciUties within the project boundaries. The closest sewage Une is a 24-inch main located in Park Drive. Sewage generated within the City of Carlsbad is treated at the Encino Treatment Plant. This faciUty is currentiy treating approximately 3 miUion gaUons of effluent daUy and has the capacity to treat up to 5.2 miUion gaUons daUy. Impacts Development of KeUy Ranch wiU require the construction of a sewage coUector system on the site. Since the exact development plans for the proposed project have not yet been prepared, it is difficult to speculate on the size or location of the required sewage Unes. However, it is possible to estimate the total quantity of sewage generated by the project. The proposed project is expected to produce 433,500 gaUons of sewage per day. Table 19 shows the method of estimation used to compute the anticipated sewage generated by the proposed project. 1 Information for this section was obtained from Mr. Roger Greer, Utilities Director, Department of UtUities, telephone conversations on AprU 5 and 11, 1983. - 91 - Land Use Neighborhood Commercial Residential TABLE 19 PROJECTED SEWAGE GENERATION Square Feet/ Number of Units 200,000 sq.ft 1,600 Units Total Generation Factor 20 gal./day/ 100 sq.ft.^ 246 gql./day/ d.u.'^ Sewage Generation 40,000 gal./day 393,600 gal./day 433,600 gal/day Ml The City's UtiUty Department has indicated that the Encino Sewage Treatment Plant has the avaUable capacity to treat the project generated effluent. Mitigation Measures Current City poUcy requires that the project developer construct the onsite sewage coUector system and E^ovide a $1,000 per unit sewer fee. Therefore, project implementation wiU result in the coUection of $1.6 milUon in sewer fees. The water conservation measures outiined in the previous section wiU also reduce wastewater gen^ation. asetrieityg Existing Conditions The proposed project is located within the service area of San Diego Gas and Electric. Existing electrical faciUties in the study area include. o One 230 KV Transmission Line o Two 138 KV Transmission Lines 0 Two Steel Transmission Towers o Several Double Wood Transmission Structures Present onsite electrical consumption is minimal. Impacts As indicated in Table 20 total electrical consumption for the project is estimated at 19.2 miUion kUowatt hours per year. 1 Ultrasystems generation factor. 2 Based upon a Carlsbad Utilities Department generation factor. 3. Information for this section was obtained from Mr. Roger Greer, Utilities Director, Department of UtiUties, telephone conversations on Aipril 5 and 11, 1983. -92- TABLE 20 ESTIMATED ANNUAL ELECTRICAL CONSUMPTION Land Use Commercial Residential Square Feet/ No. D.U. 200,000 1,600 Consumption Factor 5 kwh/sq ft/month^ 425 kwh/D.U./month2 Total Electrical Consumption (kwh/Month) 1,000,000 680,000 1.6 milUon/month or 20.1 milUon/year The San Diego Gas & Electric Company has indicated that their primary concerns regarding the project relate to the maintenance of the existing electrical transmission lines which cross the property. A list of these concerns is presented t>elow: o Continued access to these facUities for repair and maintenance must be provided before, during, and after construction. o Any proposed encroachments into the right of way must be reviewed and approved by SDG&E's Land Management Section. o Impacts to the right of way by proposed adjacent uses OT impacts to adjacent uses by the existing or future utiUty faciUties should also be examined. o Impacts of increased drainage in the rights of way due to grading or other actions should be examined. o Any aspects of the project design and function that could affect the transmission use should be considered and SDG&E be given the opportunity to comment further. Impacts to onsite electrical transmission facUities is discussed fuUy in Section 3.6 LAND USES. Briefly, the proposed extensions of Cannon Road and KeUy Drive encroach into the transmission rights of way and as such wiU require review and approval by SDG&E; the transmissions overhead lines are primarUy located in open space designation and wiU not be impacted by proposed land uses or vice versa, and increased drainage in the rights-of-way are not expected to be significant. The Company has indicated that electric distribution facUites wiU be made avaUable to the project in accordance with the rules on fUe with the PubUc UtiUties Commission. 1 Ultrasystems' Planning Factor. 2 SDG&E, Steve Maybury, system-wide average for residential units. -93- Mitigation Measures 1. SDG&E wiU be consulted during project planning to insure that development plans do not interfere with the existing electrical faciUties located on the property. 2. AU new utiUty systems wiU be placed underground as feasible and commonly practiced (Agua Hedionda (LCP, PoUcy 5.1). 3. Project planners and architects should consult with SDG&E regarding current energy conservation techniques. 4. Proposed buUding construction wiU comply with Titie 24 of the CaUfornia Administrative Code. 5. Project planners and architects should consider the use of energy-efficient architecture and landscaping design concepts which wiU work to reduce the long-term demands for fossU fuels. Measures should include the foUowing: o Architectural planning and design, to the extent feasible, should take fuU advantage of such concepts as natural heating and/or cooUng through sun and wind exposure and solar energy coUection system oppOTtunities. o Landscape design should be taUOTed, where feasible, to the use requirements of individual structures, with the intent to minimize heat gain in summer, maximize heat gain in winter, and promote air circulation for heating/cooling purposes. o Domestic hot water systems, to the extent feasible should be designed to utiUze altemative energy sources (e.g., solar energy coUectors). Should such systems be deemed infeasible at the time of initial construction, buUding design should incorporate provisions to aUow them to be easUy accommodated/instaUed at a later date. Natural Gas Environmental Setting San Diego Gas & Electric Company provides natural gas service to the project area. Project Impact Gas consumption by residents of the proposed project is estimated at 141.2 miUion cubic feet per year. -94- TABLE 21 ESTIMATED ANNUAL NATURAL GAS CONSUMPTION Natural Gas Square Feet/ Consumption Consumption Land Use No. D.U. Factor (mUlion cu. ft.) Commercial 200,000 240 sq ft/yearl 48.0 Residential 1,600 58,250 D.U./year2 93,2 Total 141.2 The SDG&E has indicated that gas distribution faciUties can be made avaUable to the project in accordance with the rules and regulations fUed with and approved by the CaUfomia PubUc UtiUties Commission. Mitigation Measures 1. InstaU thermal insulation in walls and ceUings which meets or exceeds standards established by the State of California or the Department of BuUding and Safety. 2. Construct aU buUdings in confOTmance with Titie 24, Part 6, Division T-20, Chapter 2 of the CaUfornia Administrative Code. 3. Encourage the use of landscaping to moderate climatic conditions, such as the use of deciduous trees on southem and westem exposures to provide shade during the summer yet aUow maximum light and heat during the winter. 4. Encourage the use of solar space and water heating technologies to lessen the demand for fossU fuels. 5. Consult with SDG&E fOT other methods of conservation. Telephones Existing Conditions Telephone service in the project area is jMrovided by the Pacific Telephone Company. Existing faciUties include a 50-pair distribution cable which traverses the site. This cable is carried overhead from El Camino Real for approximately 1,000 feet and then has a buried leg adjacent to Hidden VaUey Road where it emerges again as an aerial cable fOT another 1,200 feet. The distribution network for this area is suppUed via a feeder system which is located on El Camino Real. 1 Ultrasystems' Planning Factor. 2 SDG&E, Steve Maybury, system-wide average for residential units. Therms converted to cubic feet utUzing the conversion factor of 1 therm equals 97.8 cubic feet. 3 Information for this section was obtained from Ms. Peggy Evans, Pacific Telephone Company, telephone conversation of AprU 5, 1983. -95- m Impacts Development of the proposed project would require the instaUation of a new feeder system, sized to project requirements. This new system would require approximately 18,000 feet of new cable originating from Camino Vida Roble. The existing overhead distribution cables (onsite) as weU as the project distribution systm wiU require undergrounding. The Pacific Telephone Company anticipates no problems in servicing the site, provided the telephone company is given sufficient planning time. The site is currentiy divided between two distribution systems, the Harding exchange and Carlsbad south; it is anticipated that the project would be set up entirely within the Carlsbad south system. Mitigation Measures 1. The Pacific Telephone Company wiU be included in subsequent and more detaUed planning stages to ensure the proper and timely placement of telephone facUites. Solid Wasted Existing Conditions SoUd waste in the project area is coUected by private haulers and disposed at the San Diego County San Marcos LandfiU. This faciUty is a Class n site located off Questhaven Road, approximately 2 mUes east of Rancho Santa Fe Road, and roughly 5 to 6 mUes from the site. The landfiU has a life expectancy projected at 1990. Impacts The proposed development is expected to generate 28,406 pounds per day of soUd waste, as indicated in Table 22. The County Solid Waste Division has indicated that the project wiU result in an incremental increase in the amount of soUd waste deposited in the San Marcos LandfUl. 1 Information fOT this section was obtained from Ms. JuUa Quinn, San Diego County Department of PubUc Works, SoUd Waste Division, telephone conversation of AprU 5,1983. -96- TABLE 22 PROJECTED SOLm WASTE GENERATION Land Use Neighborhood Commercial Residential DweUing Units Population Projection 445I 4^0642 Consumption FactOT 5.84 Ib/person/day 5.84 Ib/person/day Total SoUd Waste Generation 2,600 lb/day 23,700 lb/day 26,300 lb/day Mitigation Measures 1. Resource recovery of as much paper as possible from the proposed development would reduce the amount of soUd waste disposed at the landfiU. In addition, the incorporation of trash compactors in each residence would reduce the total volume of trash generated by the project. POUQS3 Existing Conditions Police E^otection for the study area is provided by the City of Carlsbad PoUce Department from their station located at Elm Avenue and Interstate 5. The proposed development is located in an area which is part of a designated poUce beat and is served by one (1) assigned officer as weU as one (1) back-up officer. The response time on a priwity caU within beat boundaries is estimated to be 0 to 5 minutes. A new faciUty is planned for construction at El Camino Real and Palomar Airport Road within the next three (3) years. The PoUce Department estimates that the proposed development would require an additional 5 to 12 poUce officers as weU as associated equipment and support services. It is anticipated that adequate personnel and facUities wiU be avaUable to serve the project from the planned station at El Camino Real and Palomar Airport Road.4 The Department- has indicated that the proposed development is not expected to create any unusual law enforcement problems. However, further assessment of the project wiU be made at a more detaUed level of planning when the specific commercial and recreational uses are determined. Based upon 4 people per 1,000 square feet and a total of 200,000 square feet of office space. Based upon 2.54 persons per dwelUng unit (Carlsbad Planning Department) for the minimum and maximum densities of 1,600 residences, respectively. Information for this section was obtained from Lieutenant G. F. Suttie, Carlsbad PoUce Department, letter dated March 31, 1983. Lt. Suttie, telephone conversation, April 12, 1983. - 97 - Mitigation Measures 1. To mitigate the costs of additional personnel and equipment, the project developer wiU be assessed a PubUc FaciUties Fee in accordance with City Ordinance. See Section 4.0 FISCAL ANALYSIS for further discussion. 2. PoUce service wiU be enhanced through the provision of adequate street Ughting, and clearly marked street names and house numbers. FIrel Existing Conditions The fire protection services fOT the project area are provided by the City of Carlsbad Fire Department. The City has three (3) fire stations, each equipped with an engine company and one with a paramedic unit. The Department employs approximately 14 people per shift divided between the three stations. The response time from the nearest station, located at 3401 CataUna Road, to the project site is approximately 3 to 4 minutes. Impacts The project is not expected to require additional equipment or personnel. However, as this and other projects in the area are developed, additional equipment and personnel wiU become necessary. It is anticipated that existing water suppUes in the area wiU be suffident to handle the fire flow requirement of the proposed project. However, final determination of main size, hydrant size, and location wiU be made when architecutural plans are reviewed and fire flow calculations can be made. The project site is located within an area which is succeptible to brush fires. TherefOTe, the Fire Department recommends that the developer include additional fire suE^ession equipment such as roof top sprinlders and smoke alarm systems in each residential unit. Mitigation Measures 1. The developer should consider the incorporation of additional fire supression equipment, such as roof top sprinklers and smoke alram systems, into the project design. 2. Sufficient accessibUity fOT fire-fighting equipment wiU be provided. The City's Fire Department wiU review precise development proposals to ensure adequate access and fire protection facUities. 3. At tentative tract levels of planning, a fuel modification program wiU be implemented to protect developed areas from potential brush fires. 1 Information for this section obtained from Mr. Brian Watson, Carlsbad Fire Department, telephone conversation of AprU 5, 1983. -98- p Schoolsl Existing Conditions The proposed project is located within the Carlsbad Unified School District. The project area is served by KeUy Elemetary School, VaUey Junior High School, and Carlsbad High School. Table 23 provides student enroUment and capacity figures for these schools. TABLE 23 SCHOOL ENROLLMENT - FALL 1983 School Capacity EnroUment KeUy Elementary 390 395 VaUey Junior High 900 729 Carlsbad High 1,899 1,330 Impacts Developmmt of the proposed project would result in the construction of 1,600 dweUing units. Therefore, the project is expected to generate 1,664 students. Table 24 iUustrates the method used to estimate this student generation. TABLE 24 PROJECT STUDENT GENERATI0N2 School Generation Factor Students Elementary .6 960 Junior High .22 352 High School .22 352 Total 1,664 The District has indicated that potentiaUy there wiU not be sufficient capacity at existing schools, particularly elementary, to accommodate students generated by the proposed project. The school district does levy developer fees at the time building permits are drawn. However these fees are insufficient to cover the cost of new school construction. The school district does accept the dedication of land in Ueu of part or aU of the fees. 1 Information for this section was obtained from Mr. Jim Stark, Carlsbad Unified m School District, telephone conversation of June 17, 1983. 2 Based upon .6 students/D.U. for Elementary Schools and .22 students/D.U. for both Junior High and High Schools. Carlsbad School District generation factors. -99- The proposed General Plan amendment would also result in the eUmination of a future elementary school site. The District and the City CouncU recently amended their school location plan which the deleted of the future school site within the study area.I TherefOTe the project is consistent with the District's school location plan. Additional concerns relate to the safety of elementary school-age chUdren as they cross Park Drive to attend KeUy School. As discussed in Section 3.9 TRAFFIC/ CIRCULATION, Park Drive would continue to operate weU within its design parameters; however, additional trips would result over current traffic conditions. Mitigation Measures 1. Prior to the approval of tentative tract maps OT site plans, the project developer and Carlsbad School District officials wiU discuss the provision of schools to serve the project. The foUowing are options to be evaluated by the project sponsOT and school district: a. Hie project developer wiU be assessed a per unit educational fee. These fees can be utiUzed for implementing tempOTary or permanent faciUties. b. The project developer may choose to dedicate land in lieu of part or aU of the required fees, or the land could be provided on a long-term lease (fOT a nominal fee) and revert back to the property owner should the school site no longer be required by the district. 2. The project sponsOT should make clear to future homebuyers the disposition, location, and scheduling of school faciUties through sales brochures and sales information. 3. Design measures wiU be incorporated into the project design to enhance the safety of chUdren walking to and from school. These measures include painted crosswalks, controUed intersections, etc. If determined necessary, crossing guards could be placed at appropriate locations. Parks and Recreation^ Existing Conditions The project site is located within the general service areas of Laguna Riviera City Park, the Carlsbad State Beach, and the South Carlsbad State Beach. Hiere are currentiy no county park faciUties within the ^oject area. The Laguna Riviera Park and Carlsbad State Beach both provide a variety of day use faciUties. The South Carlsbad State Beach provides day use facUities and overnight camping. Telecon with Mr. Paul Klukas, City of Carlsbad and the School Location Plan, July 1982. Information for this section was obtained from Mr. Doug Duncanson, Department of Parks and Recreation; Ms. Marty Kania, State Parks and Recreation Department; and Mr. Joe McGuire, San Diego County Parks Department, telephone conversations on AprU 5 and 6, 1983. -100- There are currentiy no proposed state recreational development plans in the project area due to a lack of available funding. However, the City of Carlsbad has a 400 acre park site, Macario Park, master planned south to southwest of the project site. This plan includes 20 acres of active park area, natural and passive areas (including a botanical garden), and a commercial area which may include a convention center, restaurants, and a hoteL In addition, the Macario Park plan indicates 50 acres of the study area which could be included as part of the park pending acquisition by the City. Impacts The proposed project would increase the population density within the service areas of the existing parks and result in increased park usage. This project along with other cumulative developments in the area wiU cumulatively increase the need for additional active and passive park faciUties. In addition, should the project be approved as proposed, the 50 acres currentiy shown in the Macario Park plan wiU not be developed. Therefore, this acreage could be acquired by the City and included in the park plan as wetiand preserve. Additional acreage of the wetiands could potentiaUy be incorporated into the park plan. Mitigation Measures 1. The proposed development plan incorporates a recreation center and open space aOTeage for use by the project residents. The provision of recreationsd uses and open space areas wiU minimize the project impact on the local parks. 2. The project developer and City should investigate the feasibiUty of including a portion of the wetlands area as part of Macario Park. Ubraryl Existing Conditions The City of Carlsbad has one Ubrary, the Carlsbad City Library, located at 1250 Elm Avenue. This facUity presentiy has 23,000 square feet of space and is in the process of expanding the chUdren's section by 12,000 square feet. Impacts It is expected that adequate faciUties wiU be avaUable at the Carlsbad Ubrary to accommodate the proposed project. However, as growth continues within the City, additional Ubrary services wiU be required. The Ubrary is presentiy considering two options; buUding a new and larger main Ubrary, or constructing a second Ubrary south of Airport Road. Mitigation Measures No mitigation measures are required. 1 Information for this section was obtained from Mr. CUfford Lange, Director, Carlsbad PubUc Library, telephone conversation of AprU 6, 1983. - 101- Hospitall Existing Conditions The project site is located within the service area of the Tri-City Hospital and its sateUite faciUty, the Tri-City West HospitaL Both of these faciUties are district hospitals. As such the residents within the Tri-Cities (Carlsbad, Oceanside, and Vista) pay property taxes to help pay for the hospital operating costs (taxes approximate 2% of these costs). The Tri-City Hospital is located in the southeastern portion of Oceanside. It presentiy has 243 beds, however, it is planning to add a 29 bed psychiatric ward in June 1983, as weU as a majOT (114 bed) expansion in 9 months. Tri-City West Hospital is located on the northem side of Oceanside and has 66 beds. The Tri-City Hospital is currentiy operating at 88 percent occupancy, which is considered maximum occupancy since the remaining 12% is comprised of pediatric and obstetrical units. The Tri-City West HosE>ital is operating at 75% capacity. Impacts It is anticipated that the planned expansions at the Tri-City Hospital would accomodate any increased in service demand which may result from the proposed project. However, as the population in the tri-cities continues to grow, additional hospital services wiU be required. Mitigation Measures No mitigation measures are required. Information for this section was obtained from Mr. Lawrence Maas, Associate Administrator, Tri-City Hospital District, telephone conversation of AprU 5, 1983. -102- 4.0 FISCAL ANALYSIS Introduction A fiscal impact analysis of development of the KeUy Ranch property was prepared by Kenneth Fabricatore in June 1983. The entire 433-acre study area was assessed in the analysis, a summary of which is provided below. The fiscal analysis is provided in its entirety in Appendix G. Summary The fiscal analysis gauges the impact of proposed development and annexation on the operating expenditures and revenues of the City of Carlsbad. Projected monetary impacts are predicated on fuU buUd-out conditions in the project area and are expressed in terms of 1983 doUars without adjustment for inflation. The fiscal impact attributable to future development of KeUy Ranch is presented m Table 25. Upon fuU development, the project area is expected to produce annual revenues of $950,900 and to iuOTease annual city service costs by $925,600, yielding an estimated net impact of a $25,300 revenue surplus. The primary reason fOT the projected revenue surplus relates to the projected levels of property tax and sales tax revenue. Owing to its favorable geographical and environmental setting, the project area's residential land and product values are expected to be relatively high. AdditionaUy, development of a sizable commercial center containing almost 150,000 square feet of retaU floor area is planned. The size of the center should be of sufficient size to enable tenants to "capture" a high proportion of local resident expenditures on convenience goods and services. 1^ •'MB'" - 103- TABLE 25 FISCAL IMPACT ATTRIBUTABLE TO FULL DEVELOPMENT OF THE PROJECT AREA (1983 DoUars) City Operating Revenue Source Property Tax Sales Tax Business License Tax Population-Based Revmue Development-Based Revenue Total Annual Revenue $609,500 132,500 2,500 111,900 94,500 $950,900 City Operating Service Annual Cost General Govemment $104,300 Police 191,300 Fire 139,600 BuUding Safety 29,800 Development SOTvices 53,800 Maintmance 132,900 Library 109,100 Parks and Recreation 164,800 Total $925,600 ANNUAL REVENUES 25,000 -104- 5.0 ALTERNATIVES The foUowing section evaluates alternatives to the proposed project for the KeUy Ranch. In accordance with CEQA GuideUnes (Section 15143), the No Project alternative and other alternative projects "which could feasibly attain the basic objectives of the project," are discussed. 5.1 No Project Under this alternative, the existing general plan and zoning designations for the KeUy Ranch would remain unchanged. Approximately 420 to 1,254 dwelUng units would be aUowed on 224 acres onsite encompassing the foUowing residential density categories: residential medium high-RMH-(300-600 d.u.s.); residential medium-RM- (120-300 d.u.s.); residential low medium-RLM-(0-172 d.u.s.); and residential low-RL- (0-182 d.u.s.). Open space uses (200 acres) and an elementary school (9 acres) would comprise the remainder of the developmmt aUowed by the existing general plan. The 342 acres of the 433 acre site that are presentiy within the jurisdiction of the County would not be prezoned or annexed until a future appUcant proposed such actions. Implemmtation of this altOTnative would result in direct environmental impacts to landforms from grading, loss of natural habitat in upland and lowland areas, potential erosion and sedimentation, archaeological resources, and wetiands areas. In geuOTal, the amount of land area disturbed under the No Project altemative would be nearly the same (224 acres versus 248 acres) as the proposed project, even though considerably fewer (approximately 56% to 65% lower) dwelUng units would be constructed. Corresponding reductions in pubUc services, utiUties and transportation/circulation impacts would result from implementation of the No Project alternative as compared to the proposed project. This alternative would also probably not generate sufficient property tax and other revenues to offset the costs of providing required pubUc services (e.g., Ubraries, parks, poUce). Based upon the poUcies of the Agua Hedionda LCP, it seems unUkely that the RMH general plan designations along the northern boundary of the site could be physicaUy accommodated. The Agua Hedionda Specific Plan and LCP requires a 100 foot setback from the wetiands boundary Une. This Une forms the southern edge of the RMH land use designations. Topographic constraints and existing residential uses would leave aproximately 400 feet in the "fingers" area for actual construction, assuming the sett)ack is measured to a proposed pad OT property Une. BuUdings, parking, sOTvice faciUties, rcOTeation amenities, and front yard setbacks would have to be included within this area. In the areas adjacent to KeUy Drive, existing topography and the wetiands setback requirement combine to effectively eUminate any development areas. This alternative was rejected because of the potential landform impacts that would occur in the Evans Point area in relation to the relatively few number of dweUing units aUowed in the RL, RM, and RLM land uses. This altemative was also rejected because of the infeasibiUty of developing RMH land uses along the northern edge of the site when wetlands setbacks are appUed and considering the basic incompatibUity of RMH with existing RLM land uses to the north. LasUy, the negative fiscal impacts of this alternative would place additional burdens upon the City's Umited revenues. The City should consider amending its general plan to designate land uses within the KeUy Ranch (City portion) that reflect wetlands poUcies, topographic considerations, and compatibiUty with existing residential land uses (see Alternative 5.2 below). - 105- 5.2 RasidMitial Low-Medium/Medium-High Development Und^ this alt^native, RLM land uses would occur along the site's boundary with existing residential areas to the north (aUowing 0-178 d.u.s.) and RM uses would occur in the Evans Point area (aUovring 782 to 1,950 d.u.s.). A neighbOThood comm^cial (N) designation would occur immediately west of and adjacent to El Camino Real. This alt^native would result in nearly the same landform impacts as the proposed project, with sUghtiy fewer units, corresponding to the change from RMH to RLM land uses along the site's northern boundary. Corresponding reductions in traffic, air quaUty, noise and pubUc services impacts would occur, ^dstlng wetlands would be minimaUy impacted under this alternative, since homes could be placed in the "fingers" areas, whUe maintaining required wetiands setbacks. These single famUy uses would be mote compatible with existing residential neighborhoods to the north. This altemative appears to be preferable to the No Project alternative whUe incorpOTatii^ many of the components of the proposed project. It should be given further conaderation during pubUc review of this environmental document. 5.3 Residential Medium High Density Transfer Under this altemative, the existing RMH general plan and zoning designations would be retained, but the density aUowed would be transferred to the area currentiy designated in the general plan for RLM. The total units aUowed in the receiving area would be the summation of the RMH units and the RLM units (total of 300 to 772 d.u.s.). The remainder of the Evans Point area would be designated fOT residential medium (RM) land uses. This technique would aUow tor the "fingers" area and other areas along the northern site boundary to remain in their existing natural conditions whUe aUowing the developer to reaUze the dwelUng units currently aUowed in these areas. The neighborhood commercial use proposed by the developer would remain for the area west of El Camino Real. This alternative would result in fewer landfOTm impacts than either the No Project altemative or the proposed project. The "fingers" area and oth^ property along the existing residential e^e would be left in its current natural condition. Total dweUing units aUowed under this altemative would be greater than the existing geuOTal plan (because of the change from RL to RM) but equUavent to the proposed project (because of the transfer). When compared to the proposed project, existing wetiands and natural open space areas along the northern site boundary would not be impacted and archaeological resources would be preserved. This alternative appears to be preferable to the proposed project because of the eUmination of proposed development from areas along the tidal mudflats. Land use compatibiUty impacts along the northern boundary would be eUminated. Positive fiscal revenues of this altemative would be simUar to those identified for the proposed project. -106- 5.4 Remdential Low Density Under this alternative, the existing RL general plan designation onsite would be expanded to include the adjacent areas currentiy designated on the general plan as RM and RLM (generaUy, aU the area south of Cannon Road). The elementary school would also be changed to RL. The neighbOThood commercial site proposed by the appUcant would be retained. Existing RMH general plan designations would be changed to RLM to achieve compatibiUty with existing residential neighborhoods. DweUing units aUowed under this alternative would comprise 0 to 179 d.u.s. Landform impacts under this altemative would be reduced somewhat in comparison to the proposed ^oject. Some minimal wetlands impacts would occur in the "fingers" area and in other areas along the northem site boundary. Archaeological and other biological impacts simUar to the proposed ^^oject would occur. Significant reductions in traffic, air quaUty, noise, and pubUc services (especiaUy school enroUmmt) would occur. Land use compatibiUty with existing residential neighbOThoods would be achieved. This altemative was rejected in favor of the proposed project because of the former's landform and biological impacts in relation to the relatively few dwelling units aUowed. It also appears that this alternative might have a negative net fiscal impact upon the City resulting from the development of single famUy detached housing onsite. 5.5 Residential High Density Under this alternative, existing general plan RMH designations would be changed to RLM. Other residential uses south of Cannon Road would be designated for RM and RMH residential land uses. The RM designation would occur west of and replace the elementary school site (as now shown on the general plan) and also to the east of the designated school (currently shown on the general plan as RLM). The RMH designation would replace the RL land use currentiy shown on the general plan. The nei^borhood commercial site proposed by the developer would be retained. A total of 1,446 to 3,133 dweUing units would be aUowed under this alternative. LandfOTm impacts of this alternative would be approximately equal to those previously described for the No Project altemative, with the exception of additional grading that might be necessary to accommodate RMH land uses near Evans Point. In comparison with the proposed project, landform impacts would be reduced, but not significantly. Some minor wetiands impacts would occur in the "fingers" area and in other areas adjacent to the wetiands boundaries. CompUcmce with the 100 foot wetlands setback requirements would minimize short-term construction and longer- term impacts after homes have been buUt. Archaeological and othOT biological impacts simUar to the proposed project would occur. Traffic, air quaUty, noise, and pubUc services impacts (particularly schools) could be substantiaUy greater than those identified for the proposed project because of the potential range of differences in the numbers of dwelling units proposed (1,600 proposed project versus this alternative involving 1,411 to 3,043 dweUing units). This alternative would achieve a dual identity for the site: areas north of the floodplain would have a low- density, somewhat rural character; areas south of Cannon Road would have a high- density, urban character. This alternative was rejected in favor of the proposed project because of the former's potential for generating significant traffic, air quality, noise, and negative net fiscal impacts. - 107- ^ 5.6 Lagoon Enhaneement/Residential-Medium High Land Use — Under this altemative, as suggested by the appUcanfs biologists (see Appendix document), the "fingers" area would be modified to enhance the quaUty of tidal flat * area and reduce impacts to lagoon avifauna. Two options have been suggested, as M foUows: Option A - Excavate (to below sea level) a 100 foot minimum width channel along the inland side of the "fingers" creating three islands with approximate dimensions of 100 feet by 200 feet. Excavated soU would be used to fiU the inner embayments in the "fingers" to OTeate development areas. A 10 to 15 foot wide channel would be ^ excavated to connect the new "islands" to tidal action in the main lagoon area. A m buffor incorpOTating native vegetation of 20 to 100 feet in width would be maintained between the channel edge and development areas on the mainland. m Option B - Remove the outer ends of the "fingers" and fiU the innermost ends of the " embayments with excavated matwial. The purpose of this action would be to increase the area of mudflats subject to tidal influence. The adjacent tidal flats * between the fir^ers and along their tidal edges would be lowered by dredging to m provide exposure to daUy tidal flushing. A buffer of native vegetation of 20 to 100 feet in width would be incorporated into the plan to reduce direct impacts from m development. " FOT purposes of analysis, it is assumed that the remainder of the property would be dev^oped as proposed by the appUcant. Impacts of this alt^native to traffic, noise, air quaUty, pubUc sOTvices, and other impact categories (excluding biological resources and relevant planning) would be the iM same as those described herein fOT the proposed project. Biological impacts of this ^ altemative in the wetiands areas of the "fingers" would generaUy be beneficial. Some temporary adverse effects to avifauna habitat, mudflat and benthic (bottom ^ dweUing) OTganisms would result from dredging activities to OTeate either the channel and islands OT the reconfiguration of the "fingers" peninsulas. Either of * these options would require the approval of the City, the CalifOTnia Coastal Commission, the CalifOTnia Department of Fish and Game, the U.S. Fish and WUdUfe * Service, and the U.S. Army COTPS of Engineers. m Further consideration should be given to Options A and B during developmmt of ^ subsequent, more detaUed plans for the property. Either of these options represent environmentaUy superior ways of addressing biological resources and wetiands planning issues from potential development involving the proposed project or alternatives desOTibed in this EIR. - 108- 6.0 RELAtTONSHIP BETWEEN LOCAL SHORT-TERM USES OF THE BNVmONHENT AND THE MAINTENANCE AND ENHANCEMENT OF LONG- TERM PRODucnvrrr The principal effect of this fffoject is to commit basicaUy undeveloped rural land to more intensive urban uses. Development of a portion of the site fOT residential/ commOTcial uses in tOTms of an average 50-year Ufespan of structures, represents a short-term use of the environment. However, implementation of the project would represent a relatively long-tOTm commitment to urbanization and population support systems. It is logical to assume that the proposed uses wiU, in tum, be replaced by another productive activity as the development and redevelopment of land progresses through time in response to human needs. The site is currently used fOT agricultural operations, which have become increasingly unprofitable in recent years due to increases in land values, taxation, production, and irrigation costs. The proposed residential/commercial uses wiU iuOTcase the productivity of the study area' in terms of land efficiency and greater economic return generated from these uses, versus agricultural land uses. Though the project would serve to increase the productivity and human use of the land, implemmtation of the project would contribute to the permanent loss of agricultural land which may have uniforseen long-term impacts. The project appUcant considers the property marketable for development at the present time. The City of Carlsbad General Plan places no restrictions on the timing of this areas developmmt, provided that the necessary service systems are in place prior to construction. City poUcies and market conditions, therefore, are acceptable to near-term developmmt rather than reserving the property for future options. MajOT advantages to near-term development include greater economic productivity from the land and an iuOTeased revenue base for the City of Carlsbad. The advantages in reserving the study area are difficult to quantify since the long-term alternatives fOT urban uses are largely unpredictable. In terms of impact on the physical environment, future development, however, would Ukely involve simUar impacts as those associated with the current project, i.e., loss of open space, disaruption of biotic communities/habitat, alterations to landform, etc. - 109- " ^ 7.0 SIGNIFICANT IRREVERSIBLE ENVmONUENTAL CHANGES The mvironmental changes produced by the implementation of the proposed project m would occur mainly as a result of altOTations to the physical mvironmmt in the form of a commitment of community services and increased land use density. If the * C^oject is approved and subsequenUy implemmted, structures wiU be buUt, utiUties M instaUed, and a netwOTk of streets wiU be constructed; aU of which wiU comprise an urban infrastructure. <•• The transfOTmation of a portion of the KeUy Ranch to residential and commercial uses is a short-term irreversible commitment of the land. After the 50 year structural lifespan of the buUdings is reached, it would be feasible to redevelop the " site to an altemative land use. However, it is probable that once developed fOT m urban uses, the developed portion of KeUy Ranch would not be returned to its currmt agricultural and opm space land uses. The potential for such a reversion of the study m area becomes hi^y infeasible due to the large capital investmmt that wiU have ^ already bem committed. Loss of agricultural lands, although a portion of the site wiU be retained fOT * agricultural activities, constitutes an irreversible and irretrievable commitment of m the E^ject area, which wiU incremmtaUy add to the more significant areawide loss of such lands in north San Diego County. m Implemmtation of the proposed project €Uso represmts a long-term commitmmt of energy resources, primarUy in the form of fossU fuels, including: fuel oU, natural gas and gasoUne fOT automobUes in construction equipmmt. The construction or destruction of other non-rmewable and siowly-rmewable resources wiU also result mm^ from the proposed actions. These include, but are not Umited to: lumbw, sand and gravel, asphalt, metals, watOT, etc. An iuOTeased commitment of social services and Ml pubUc maintenance services (waste disposal and treatment, etc.) wiU also be 0 required. - 110- 8.0 QROWT&4NDUCENG AND CUMULATIVE IMPACTS 8.1 Growth-Inducing Impacts Approval of the proposed GPA, zone change, and related actions would provide land use designations that permit the development of residential, neighborhood commercial, and rcOTeational land uses onsite. The study area's conversion to residential land uses has been anticipated by the City's Gmeral Plan. However, the proposed Evoject represmts a 26% increase of additional dweUing units over that aUowed by the existing Gmeral Plan. As with any developmmt of more intensive land uses, the proposed project wiU OTeate a demand for municipal and pubUc services including utiUties, fire, and poUce protection. The project wiU also add indirectiy to the iuCTcased demand for market support services, which in tum wUl stimulate additional growth. In comparison to the existing land uses, the project wiU generate certain growth inducemmts which cannot be totaUy avoided. However these growth inducements would also be evident with the implementation of the existing geuOTSl plan designations fOT the site. Secondary growth inducements, such as the project's influmce on surrounding parcels and their ultimate land uses, can be expected. The most direct effects wiU probably be experienced in areas north of the proposed project. The extension of Cannon Road and its ultimate connection to 1-5 wiU provide an additional and mOTe direct majOT north-south access to this area. However, growth inducements are already evident in the area (e.g., Palomar Airport Business CentOT, and proposed residential projects in the El Camino Real corridor) and the degree to which the project would intensify these inducemmts is difficult to quantify 8.2 Cumulative Impacts The City of Carlsbad is anticipating the continuing growth and developmmt of the community. The City has more than doubled in population since 1970, and is anticipated to continue to grow through the end of the century. With such a significant amount of development occuring and expected to occur in the City, it is necessary to assess the cumulative impacts of the major developmmts in proximity to KeUy Ranch. MajOT approved and proposed developments in the area are summarized in Table 26. - Ill- TABLE 26 CUMULATIVE PLANOTNG DATA m Project Land Uses Population D.U.S. Employmmtl Acres mm KoU Carlsbad Research Ctr Industrial 0 0 12,200 560 m Signal Landmark Industrial 0 0 7,250 333 am Huntington Palomar Industrial 0 0 2,400 110 m Calavera HUls Residential Commercial 8,200 3,230 290 807 m Tamarack Point Residential 940 371 0 120 M Carlsbad Highlands Residential 2,250 893 0 278 m m Rancho Carlsbad MobUe Home Park 450 175 0 68 Mandana COTP. Estate Residential 380 150 0 150 m KeUy Ranch Residential/ Commercial 4,000 1,600 445 433 M Total 16,220 6,429 22,585 2,859 Project Percent 25% 25% 2% 15% •M Ml Implementation of the proposed developmmt impUes a variety of impacts to the natural and urban environments. In gmeral, physical impacts woUld involve modification to onsite landforms, alternation of drainage patterns and displacement of biological resources, loss of open space and potential impacts to cultural resources. The proposed project also wiU contribute to the long-term commitmmt of non- renewable resources and capital expenditures. Table 27 provides a summary of anticipated cumulative impacts associated with the nine projects relative to pubUc services and utiUties. Together, the projects would geuOTate demands for approximately 1,145 miUion kUowatt hours of electricity and 1,282 miUion cubic feet of natural gas. The proposed KeUy Ranch project wiU geuOTate 2% and 11%, respectively, of this total demand. Presentiy, the SDG&E has indicated its abiUty to meet the energy demands associated with urban growth in the area. Energy resources wiU be or have been evaluated with each incremental phase of development to ensure the provision of adequate supplies. 1 Assumes 50% site coverage and 1 employee per 1,000 square feet for industrial projects. - 112- Impacts of increased traffic and related increases in air poUution and noise, primarUy along future and existing roadways, wiU also result. As the projects are located where the transportation system presently is not widely developed, it can be expected that considerable infrastructure improvements wiU become necessary. Implemmtation of the projects as weU as potential future projects, wiU contribute to the need fOT regional transportation faciUties, pubUc services, and development of an adequate urban infrastmcture. Impacts of a beneficial nature are anticipated, primarUy with respect to increased affordable housing, employment and rcOTcation opportunities, iuOTcased revenue generation, and a continued citywide commitment to economic growth and development. TABLE 27 ANNUAL CUMULATIVE EFFECTS ON PUBUC SERVICES AND UTILITIES^ SoUd Waste (tons) Electricity (mU kwh) Natural Gas Water (mU cu ft) (mgd) Wastewater (mgd) KoU Carlsbad Research Ctr 13,000 611.1 483.0 L9 .89 Signal Landmark 7,700 363.4 287.2 1.2 .53 Huntington Palomar 2,600 120.0 94.9 .38 ,18 Calavera HiUs 9,000 23.0 188.1 1.8 ,82 Tamarack Point 1,000 L9 21.6 .20 ,09 Carlsbad Highlands 2,400 4.5 52.0 .48 ,22 ^ Rancho Carlsbad 500 .9 10.2 .09 ,04 Mandana Corp. 400 .8 8.7 ,08 .04 KeUy Ranch 4,300 20.1 141.2 .89 .43 Total 40,900 1,149.3 1,286.9 7.023,24 Project Percent 11% 2.0% 11.0% 13% 13% Please see Section 3.13 PUBLIC SERVICES AND UTILITIES for appropriate residential and commercial generation/consumption factors. Industrial factors are as foUows: Electricity-50.1 kwh/SF; Natural Gas-39.6 CF/SF; Water-3,500 gd/aOTC; Sewer-1,600 gd/aOTe; 50% site coverage was assumed for industrial land uses. - 113- ^ 9.0 UNAVCXDABLB SIGNIFICANT ADVERSE EFFECTS ChaptOT 3.0 describes the direct, indirect and short-and long-term effects of the " proposed Gmeral Plan Ammdmmt and zoning actions. Ultimate developmmt of the ^ project wiU result in certain significant unavoidable adverse impacts to the environmmt. This secti<m provides a summary of those unavoidable impacts which m may be expected to occur if the proposed project is approved with the mitigation measures and City requiremmts discussed in this report. The degree of significance of each impact is depmdent upon the extent to which mitigation measures are ^ ultimately incorporated at subsequent levels of project implemmtation. . 9.1 LANDFORM/TOPOGRAPHY No significant adverse impacts are anticipated as a result of the proposed GPA. Site landfOTms would be modified undOT t>oth the existing and proposed Gmeral Plan and the net diffOTmce is not considered significant. * 9.2 GEOLOGY/S(HLS ^ Groundshaking onsite wiU probably occur from future earthquake activity in major ^ fault zones. This impact wiU occur under the existing and proposed Gmeral Plan. 9.3 HYDROLOGY m No significant adverse impacts are anticipated. InOTcmmtal iuOTeases in runoff and poUutants may result from eventual implemmtation of the proposed project OVOT levels genOTated by the existing Gmeral Plan; howevOT, the net differmce is not '^^^ considered significant. 9.4 BIOLOGY Ni Project implemmtation wiU result in the partial removal/displacemmt of various m vegetation communities. A majority of wUdlife species on the property should remain foUowing developmmt; although densities wUl decUne in number or be lost from the property. These impacts wiU occur under the existing and proposed General ^ Plan; the net difference is potentiaUy significant in tOTms of wetlands resources. m 9.5 CULTURAL RESOURCES m No significant impact is anticipated. 9.6 LAND USES The proposed project would result in a transition from rural to urban uses on >• approximately 145 acres, exclusive of roadways; agricultural activities would also be terminated in the coastal hills portion of the site. These impacts would occur under * the existing General Plan; the net diffOTmce is not significant. ^ 9.7 RELEVANT PLANNING PROGRAMS ^ The proposed GPA is in conflict with the Open Space and Conservation Element of the General Plan; project implementation wiU result in encroachments into the defined wetlands area. This is a potentiaUy significant impact. w - 114- 9.8 AGRICULTURAL RESOURCES Approval and implemmtation of the project wiU result in the termination of the existing onsite agricultural activities. Project implementation wiU also result in the conversion of 72.5 acres of Prime Farmland, as mapped by the SCS, to urban uses. These impacts wiU occur under the existing General Plan as weU; the net difference is not significant. 9.9 SOCIOECONOMICS No significant impacts are anticipated. 9.10 TRANSPORTATION/CIRCULATION Project implemmtation wiU result in 24,110 daUy trips; this is a 130% increase over the existing General Plan. This is a potentiaUy significant impact. 9.11 AIR QUALITY Assuming buUdout in 1990, daUy air emissions gmOTated by the project are .27% of total emission in the Air Basin. 9.12 NC»SE Short-tOTm noise impacts wiU result from grading, infrastructure emplacemmt and buUding construction activities. This impact wiU occur undOT the existing and proposed General Plan. 9.13 VISUAL RESOURCES The proposed developmmt wiU transform 145 acres or 33% of the site to urban uses. This impact wiU occur under the existing and proposed GenOTal Plan. The net diffOTence is not considered significant. 9.14 PUBUC SERVICES AND UmjnES The project wiU place demands on the foUowng pubUc services and utilities (i.e., to SOTvice OT provide): Water (877,350 gpd), wastewatOT (433,500 gpd), electricity (20.1 miUion kwh/year), natural gas (141.2 milUon cubic feet/year), telephone, soUd waste (23,700 lbs/day), poUce, fire, schools (1,664 K-9 students), parks and recreation and hospital SOTVices. The level of significance wiU be dependent on the abUity of these agmcies to provide the needed SOTvices. -115- 10.0 EFFECTS FOUND NOT TO BE SIGNIFICANT This EIR has addressed aU potential mvironmental, infrastructure, and pubUc service impacts that could be expected to result from developmmt aUowed by the proposed project. There are, howevOT, no impact categories which were found not to be significant. -116- 11.0 NUMBER OF PEOPLE AFFECTED BY THE PROJECT AND WITHIN THE PROJECT BOUNDARIES Currentiy a permanent population does not reside onsite. There are, however, transient farmwOTkers (number unknown) associated with the site's agricultural activities. Developmmt of the coastal hills portion of the site wiU result in the displacement of these farmworkers. This displacement might be offset if agricultural activities were estabUshed in the lowland area. Approximately 150 people residing along the projects northwestem boundary wiU be affected by the project development. These impacts are primarUy visual. The KeUy Ranch home situated in the coastal hiUs portion of the site wUl also be affected by project developmmt. - 117- 12.0 ORGANIZATIONS AND PERSONS CONSULTED City of Carlsbad Planning Departmmt Carlsbad Unified School District San Diego Association of Governmmts County of San Diego Flood Control District Zoning Project Consultants Michael Brandman Associates WiUdan Associates (Traffic) Endo EngincOTing (Noise) Kenneth Fabricatore (Fiscal) San Diego Natural HistOTy Museum (Paleontology) Michael Howes Gary Wayne Pat Tessier Jim Clark Ruth Potter Thomas E. Smith, Jr. AICP Kimberly Brandt Beverly Bruesch Bob Sergeant Vicki Endo Tom Demere -118- 13.0 BIBUOGRAPHY American Geotechnical Company. "Geotechnical FeasibiUty Investigation (for the KeUy Property)," AprU 1983. Califomia Coastal Act of 1976, Section 30241 et seq. CaUfOTnia Governmmt Code, Knox Nisbet Act- Titie 5, Division 2, ChaptOT 6.6, Section 54733 et seq., updated December 1979. City of Carlsbad, Agua Hedionda Specific Plan, Final EIR #329, DecembOT 1976. City of Carlsbad, GmCTal Plan Elemmts, Open Space and ConsOTvation (1973), Land Use (1974), Noise (1975), PubUc Safety (1975), Circulation (1975), Scenic Highways (1975), Geologic and Seismic Safety (1975), Housing (1981, Revised Parks and Recreation (1982). City of Carlsbad Local Coastal Program, Agua Hedionda Land Use Plan, May 1982. Comprehensive Planning Organization of the San Diego Region, Plan Summary, Areawide Water QuaUty Management Plan. County of San Diego, Department of Agriculture, "1982 Agricultural Crop Report," 1982. County of San Diego, Floodplain Map, Project 3756, 1978. Evans, Peggy. Pacific Telephone Company, as cited in Ultrasystems, Inc. (1983). GreOT, RogOT. UtiUties Director, Department of UtUities, as cited in Ultrasystems, Inc. (1983) Lang, Clifford. Director of Carlsbad PubUc Library, as cited in Ultrasystems, Inc. (1983). Larry Seeman Associates, Inc. Draft EIR, Macario Canyon Park, Carlsbad, CaUfornia, October 1981. Mass, Lawrence Associates Administrator. Tri-City Hospital District, as cited in Ultrasystems, Inc. (1983). McFarland, BiU. San Diego Association of GovOTnments, Personal Communication, AprU 1983. Meadows, WiUiam. Costa Real Municipal Water District, Personal Communication, AprU 1983. Ploessal & Slosson, 1974, as cited in American Geotechnical Company (1983). -119- PRC Taps COTporation, Carlsbad Local Coastal Program, July 1980. Quinn, JuUa. San Diego County Department of PubUc Works, SoUd Waste Division, as cited in Ultrasystems, Inc. (1983). San Diego Air PoUution Control District, Regional Air QuaUty Strategy, Emissions TVmds FOTecast, 1982. San Diego Association of Govemments, PreUminary Series 6 Regional Growth Forecast by Major Statistictff Area and Subregional Area, 1580-3000, May l98i. Schnabel & Seed, 1973, as cited in American Geotechnical Company (1983). Seismic Design for Nuclear Power Plants, 1970, as cited in American Geotechnical Company (1983). Stark, Jim. Carlsbad Unified School District, as cited in Ultrasystems, Inc. (1983), and Personal Communication, June 17, 1983. State of Califomia, California Fish and Game Code, ChaptOT 6. State of CaUfornia Employmmt Developmmt Departmmt, Annual Planning Information, May 1982. Suttie, Lieutmant G. F. Carlsbad PoUce Department, as cited in Ultrasystems, Inc. (1983). Ultrasystems, Inc., Supplemental Environmental Studies, KeUy Ranch, AprU 1983. United States Department of Agriculture, Soils Conservation SOTvice and FOTest SOTVice, SoU Survey-San Diego Area, CaUfornia, December 1973. United States Department of Housing and Urban Development, Flood Hazard Boundary Map H-01-14, 1977. Watson, Brian. Carlsbad Fire Department, as cited in Ultrasystems, Inc. (1983). Wayne, Gary. City of Carlsbad, Developmmt Services, Personal Communication, June 1983. -120- m APPENDIX A NOTICE OF PREPARATION RESPONSES i I I lilllililiili ^ ^inie of (Califanim ^ Govtmnom s OFFICE OFFICE OF PLANNING ANO RESSARCH I400 TBNTH STREET SACRAMENTO 99814 E OEUKMc 0: ROM: uajECT: April 28, 1983 RevieMing Acjencles Dan Conaty City of Carlsbad's NOP for Cal Comnunltles Inc. Project SCH ^83042707 ttached for your comnent is the City of Carlsbad's Notice of Preparation of a raft Environmental Impact Report (EIR) for Cal Comnunities Inc. Project. esponsible agencies nust transnit their concerns and cooraents on the scope r.d content of the EIR, focusing on specific infonnation related to their own tatutory responsibility, within 45 days of receipt of this notice. Ue '^courage consenting agencies to respond to this notice and express their oncarns early in the envlronoental review process. lease direct your comnents to: Catherine 0. Nicholas City of Carlsbad 1200 Eln Avenue Carlsbad. CA 92008 lith a copy to the Office of Planning and Research. Please refer to the SCH lumber noted above in all correspondence concerning this project. :f you have any questions about the review process, call me at.916/445-0613. ittac tune nts •c: Catherine 0. Nicholas iitiililililil'iil o casnssaexM Lst ice sea * ^iO^'LlCl 0 1, - 54nC by LMd Ag«ncy Ale ruaattet* 3»cd UOS Q SCTMt )i</t4S-uoa ( } UU S SCCMC CiiifocnU CM«U1 Cem. m joMaid StiMC. *th nooc SM rimcuco. a 94109 41S/<.41-fiS3 o o o 2f Ctlitotai* Smv^ CmnUIca UK SUIED SUMt, 300 sacixMttt, a »ai4 tt(/12t-J223 cm Maen OlUJM • EHvisUa aC Mcooaufilci lX2a » SUMS SKtaMnco, a. asa< Mey tally CUum - Mmlaf U» M SteMC Suammeo. <X $UU 91(1033-7233 DKbmc !ttMC< am. Tiogns Cootd. On. ct CCBMrnttoa lUI sOaeb SfccMC Horn \3U'l SKXatmCOr CK 99«14 >lV333-»n O OLt. « WaM wd CMloff O n*. OU and Cw 1414 iUAtt SCCMC *lVt4»-Utl 3Wir Kadi «d food jod AfEMUbua SKiMnu, a )3tt4 n«/j22-ma ^ s«»«eo, a )sai4 i: »-<J209 o <^ o o o o o ® o o o - SMC &y ClMclnqhouM Cast. o£ Seufllng ( Caouutr Dvv't. 931 • lOCh SCiMC, iCb n<xt SacMMnEo, a. 9SS14 U</333-a<7 miim ?tAk 1400 IMh Stem SaecaMfito, a 93114 91^33-7791 •Ick dal cioppj 1320 I Stem !taU< Jed 7loac SaccManto. CX 9531* 9U/]23-«T03 Nuclc* •Sud* oacty Oipfe. of facKi Md SaesMtlca 1330 K Stem .>iBll. lid riooe XaecMaoto, a 9StU 9W449-T0C7 Gaena Sacatt, Om. Samoa Mlu oeUiUaa Cauitan ISO McAlliacac Sum SM madjeo, CX 14103. <IV95T-U9a lOi BiacMn PubllB Moeka Ooacd ISO aewa Annua SaetMMto, a 9Sn9 114/920-4272 Hal Tiar 1 Ml f I nn Boatd I4l« iUaOi SUMe iaccoMnu, Ck 9Stt4 •lV44ft-34S0 Man r—f' S^. Bar CatHmclea « 0fl7'e. 30 vn MM Annua, tox UU SM rnneijco, a 94102 41V95T-Mat rank PlMka Solid iima .una^MMic Scaed 1030 Man Stem, Hoern 300 SMTMaoca, OL 9SI14 »i</iz»-au» Tad rtJnsUM Steca LMda .Tfawiaition 1107 - Utb Stem ^trrwmnttt, Ol )SI14 fl«/122-T«U SM r«lla« 3d ''Mcac .^aaoucM 14U .Uaca item SaccMMU. 3k imt lll/44S-TUf o o o o o o o o o o Bltrlc^ Contact Don CoMtock Dapar^smc <tf Truwfortaitoa platrle; i 3iMto. a 9S50I 707/442-57S1 Rgbart 2. HCBTOCM t>«F>rtMnt of TranaportatiiM atatr'.ct a ib^r HIvaraIda Drlva lUddiAa, a 96001 91C/24£^64C4 ft. 0. acldaora 0*p»ra«flt at TTwapor^iM Dlatrlet 5 70! 9 Strtat KuravUla, U SSnt 91S/674-4Z77 0. V. DayMlda Oapartsmt of SrmportatlM Platrlct I pro. 3os TJ«. SlBccn AIUWX SM rnneUco, a 9411} 415/557-1 wr <Saf7 RiMtrana Dapu-^ant <X tranaporMlM Dtatrlet j WSTffSrt Straat 8M lula CbUpo, a 93401 005/549-3114 Dart hrUar Dapaitant of mnaporxMlM Dtftrlct 6 Fraana, CX 37778 309/4aO-<CeB EM StMla CaparteMt ctf TnaaportatlM pi«rl« 7 TarSpFEii 9traat loa AftcaUa, C* 30012 213/630-5335 Hobart Fota OaparMtt gtf ^MawftailM Ptatrtet 8 2(7 "•'•si 2)Lrd Strm 3M BarrjtfitlM. Ci S403 714/3S>-4tt9 Sob =tuMc« piatrlct 9 OT-iSucK^lfclB Straaa aiMop, 9«5U 7u/sT3-a4ri DaparsMnt of rranaporaxlcs atrtrlct 'Q ?.:. 3o. KUs Steckten. Ol 95201 KM w-d Sana - !toalonal OCflcM A. Sijlor. iOglooal Manajtr It sf ?tM tad CMa O Dapar^Mt fiaTorpTMa Saddle- '•' 916/2 Saddlni. a 96001 24S-6274 o o o ?. Jaram. EtogloMl Manasar Daiartaont of ?1M ind 3Ma l-TOT aiabua RcM, Suita A aaoeho Cordova. Ci 95670 316/355-0522 S. BiBtar, Radonal Mannar Dapu^Mt aC ?1M tod 3aaa TouBnuia ?uiutr, SLdc- c ToMtvlUa, CA 94599 Kn/944-U60 0. Mcaa, RtBtoAal Htra<ar Dnarteaot la TtM asd Q«a 1234 ^mt 3iu Avama rraaM, CA 3J7Z6 309/222-3761 frad A. HarttOar Jr., Bag. !kMc»r DapartBMt «f TIM aM OaM 345 Vaat b-eadmr IdM Saaca. CA 9X03 3137590-5113 mt B. Ml O Harloa RaaoorcM RailM 245 Vaat 2rcBdnr IMK BMcb, CA 90003 3l3fi90-5153 o o o 0 atrta Watar RaaooreM Control Beart JIalaa Stata Vaaar SaaourCM Control BMrd DlTialM tt Hatar Qnait? 3014 I Strm, aurMMto, CA 95SI4 r.O. 9M 100. Sacraaanw, CA 35301 9)6/322-«45B Jarry JohM Stata Vatar -laaoaroM Cooml Board Oaltft out 3129 19tt St., kc3MMto, CA 953tS P.O. BM ICQ, aMraMnte, CA ?5a01 Al 7*M Stau Sacar ^ascorcM Contm 3o«f4 DtYUlen aC datar ai^-a 77 CadlllM Drtva SacraMnto. 9Saz5 9l6/920-»5lS ItiflaMl Wtear CuaLtir Control 3oaid BaslM t SHIE OF CALIf ORNU - BUSINESS. IRANSrOtUHON AND HOUSING AGENCY GEORGE DEUKMEJIAN, Go»ma> DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION DIVISION OF AERONAUTICS II30-N- STRUI sACiAMENia CA nn* May 4, 1983 Ms. Catherine D. Nicholas City of Carlsbad : 1200 Elm Avenue Carlsbad, CA 92008 Dear Hs. Nicholas: This is in response to the request £01 our conunents on the Notice of Preparation (NOP) of a Draft Environmental Xmpact Report (DEIR) Cor the Cal Cominunities Incorporated Project. SCH t83042707. The proposal appears to be approximately one mile west of the Palomar Airport. We are concerned about any potential for noise and safety impacts of the airport flight operations upon the proposal. We are also concerned about any potential for the proposal's impact upon flight operations of the airport. I£ the fiotential for impacts is found to be significant, the DEIR will need to address them. We appreciate the opportunity to comment and look forward to reviewing the DEIR on the above-mentioned proposal. Sincerely, HARK P. MISPAGEL, Chief Division of Aeronautics Environmental Review Section » i rill 4 I I i 1 i I i r I I i V i I i p 1 iliftiitiftitltitt tl tl ti il il il tl I i I San Diego Gas 8t Electric Hay 5, 1983 Mr. Michael Howes City of Carlsbad 1200 Elm Avenue Carlsbad, CA 92008 REi HOP-DRAFT EIR FOR CAL COMMUNITIES, INC. PROJECT Dear Mr. Howes: Hr. Michael Howes -2-Hay 5, 1983 m£ MO, — RECEIVED Thank you for the opportunity to review the proposed project, Cal Communities. The energy facilities located within this planning area represent a significant land use that should be recognized. Facilities in the planning area include: o One 230 kV Transmission Line o Two 138 kV Transmission Lines o Two Steel Transmission Towers o Several Double Wood Transmission Structures The 230 kV and 138 kV lines occupy the same right of way. The right of way is ISO' wide and runs north and south. The 138 kV line is also located within a ISO' right of way. It crosses the property in a northeasterly direction. I have indicated the approximate location of these facilities on the attached map. The EIR should address, where appli- cable, the environmental effects of the proposed pro- ject upon these facilities. The following Is a list of SDG&E*s concerns: o Continued access to these facilities for repair and maintenance is imperative. o Any proposed encroachment into the trans- mission rights of way must be reviewed and approved by SDG&E. o , Impacts of increased drainage in the rights oC way due to grading or other actions should be examined in the EIR. o Intacta to energy uses by proposed adjacent uses or impacts to proposed adjacent uses by existing or future energy uses should also be examined. o Any aspects of project design or function that could affect the utility uses should be considered and SDGfE be given the opportunity to comment further. If you have any questions regarding this matter, please call the Land Planning Section at 232-4252, Ext. 1530. If you have questions about the distribution of energy to or within the project site, please call the Planning Department at 438-2479. Questions on distribu- tion would probably be more appropriate when project design is further along. RSP:roak Attaohnent co; HDCieslelskl (w/attachment) HWDanna " HERichmond DLRose " DBHilkinson ' FIGURE A SUB JEC^ PROPERTY CAL COMMUMITIES GPA-65(B) f m 11 ItAIt or CAII>0«NU—tUtlNISi AM) TlAHSfOaTAItON AOIMCt DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATKDN oiarmcT u. r.o. BOX aa^a, (AN OICGO »ii3a-sMa May 12, 1983 Ms. Catherine D. Nicholas City of Carlsbad 1200 Elm Avenue Carlsbad, CA 92008 Dear Ms. Nicholas: 3aOnOf OCUKMEJIAN. Cmainer B47.9-R49.3 Hoitce of Preparation for Draft EIR on • Cal Communities Inc. Project, SCH #83042707 Caltrans District 11 will probably not have a Responsible Agency role in the preparation of the EIR. Caltrans is concerned, how- ever, with the impact of project generated traffic on Interstate S and Route 78, especially the interchange ramps at Cannon Road, Tamarack Avenue, Palomar Airport Road, and El Camino Real. If you wish to consult us regarding traffic data, our contact person ia Kurth Barnes, Chief, Transportation Analysis Branch (619) 237-6952. Sincerely, W. R. Dotson Acting District Director imes T. Cheshire, Chief Environmental Planning Branch 1 P 1 V I lllftlllllllll tii I I « ( ii ti ti ti il il iititiilililll i i IIAH Of CAIIKWIA—IHE RtSOUaCtS AOtHCT CALIFORNIA WASTE MANAGEMENT BOARD ino NINTH SIRECI. SUITE X» SACRAMENTO. CAllfOaNIA «sai4 May 16, 19 83 OCCMGE OEUKMEJIAN. Ss' Ms. Catherine D. Nicholas City of Carlabad 1200 Elm Avenue Carlsbad, CA 92008 Dear Ks. Nicholasi He have reviewed the Notice of Preparation ot a dra£t Environmental Inpact Report <EI8) for Cal Conrounities Inc., Project, SCH «83042707. Tha project proposes a mixed residential and commarcial land-use devalc^)inent in the City of Carlsbad. The California Waste Management Board has no jurisdiction in the development of conmtunity planst however, the Board Is deeply concerned*wlth solid waste g«neration associated with the growth areas of California. Because of Increasing waste disposal problems in the San Diego County area, we recommend including a discussion of Solid Haste Hanagenent when preparing the draft EiR for the Cal Conaunlties Inc. Project. In order to assess the cumulative lay act on local solid waste facilities in Carlsbad, the following information should be provided) Environmental Satting . A brief description of existing solid waste facilities, including collection, transfer, and method of disposal. . Tha location, capacity and life expectancy of available landfills. Environmental Impacts . An estimated volume of waste material expected to be generated by the project, based on the nuiri>er of proposed dwelling units or population projections. (Per capita rate factors for solid waste generation by various land-use designations are available from local planning offices.) Mitigation Measures . A brief discussion of local plans for developing future disposal sites. . Hie Board encourages the reduction of solid waste through locat recycling policies and resource recovery programs. Page 2 Catherine D. Nicholas <AXternativeB to landCilllng could include drop-off centers for recyclables, curtside separation and collection systems, caa«>osting of organic materials, •lid possible waste-to-energy options.) Most of the above information is available in the San Dlego Solid Haste Managewent Plan by contacting Sharon Raid, San Diego County Department of Public Horks at <714) 565-3987. Thank you for the opportunity to include our concerns in tha draft EIR for the cal Communities, Inc. Project in Carlsbad. If you have any questions regarding our coMMnts, please contact Prank PlBSko of my staff at (916) 323-0129., Sincerely, Chief Management Division cci Dan Conaty, State Clearinghouse STA It Of CAt If OINIA-HT [SOURCES AOEHCT George Deukmejiait, Governor DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES p. a. Bo. an LOS ANGELES (213) 620-4135 City of Carlsbad 1200 Elm Avenue Carlsbad, CA 92008 Attention: Catherine D. Nicholas Notice of Preparation of DEIR for Cal Communities Inc. Proiect. SCH 830A27Q7. The Department of Water Resources' recoomendaclMis oo the subject document dated ApcU 27, 1983, are attached. The reconmendaclous are related to water conservation and flood damage prevention. Consideration should also be given to a comprehensive program to usa reclaljned water for irrlgacion purposes in order to free fresh water supplies for benefi- cial uses requiring high quality water. Sincerely, .Robert Y. 0. Chun, Chief Planning Branch Southern District Attachments Office of Planning and Research Scace Clearinghouse 1400 Tenth Street Sacramento, CA 95814 Department of Water Resources Recommendatlofts for Flood DamaRe Prevention Is flood-prone areas, flood damage prevention measures required to protect a proposed development should be based on the following guidelines: 1. All building structures should be protected against a lOO-year flood. It is Che State's policy to conserve water. Any potential loss to ground water should b« mitigated, 2. In those areas not covered by a Flood Insurance Rate Hap or a Flood Boundary and Floodway Map, Issued by the Federal Emergency HanagemenC Agency, the lOO-year flood elevation and boundary should be shown on the Environmental Impact Report. 3. At least one route of ingress and egress to the development should be available during a 100-year floou.- 4. The slope and foundation designs for all structures should be based on detailed soils and engineering studies, especially for hillside developments. 5. Bevegetatloe of tha slopes should be done aa soon as possible. 6. The potential damage Co the proposed development by mudflow should be assessed and mitigated as required. 7. Grading should be liniced Co dry months to minimize problems associated with sediment transport during construction. i 1 rill I I r I f I I t I ^ I I I I I f I I I 1 r i i f f liitiftititiii • Depnrtinent of 'Jater Resources B'^commendatlons -for tJater Cooaervactoo an-l Wjter Reclaitation To reduce water demand, the following water conservation measures should be implemcnCea: Required by law; ^ 1. Low-flush toilets (see Section 17921.3 of the Health and Safety Code). 2. Low-flow showers and faucets (California AdBinisCraCive Code. Title 24 Part 6, Article 1. T20-1406F). . 3. Insulation of hot water lines in water recirculating systems (California Energy Commission regulations). Recoinmend be implemented where applicable: Interior: Supply line pressure: recoDsaend water pressure greater than 50 pounds per square inch (psi) be reduced to 50 psi or less by means of a pressure reducing valve. Flush valve operated water closets: reconoend 3 gallons per flush. Drinking fountains; recommend equipped with self-closing valves. Pipe insulation: reconmend all hot water llnea In dwelling be insulated to provide hoc water faster with less water waste, and to keep hoc pipes from.heating cold water pipes. Hotel roome; recommend poscing conservacion reailndera in rooms and rest rooms*. Recommend thernosCaticaily-ccH)trolled mixing valve for bath/shouer. Laundry facllltiesi recamnend use of water-conserving models of washers. Restaurants: recommend usa of water-conserving models of dlahwashors or retrofitting spray emitters. Secomnend serving drinking water upon request only*. Sxterlor: 1. Landscape with low water-consuming plants wherever feasible. 2. Minimize use of lawn by Halting it to lawn dependent uses, such as playing fields. 3. Use mulch extensively In all landscaped areas. Mulch applied on top of soil will laipcovc the waCer-holdlng capacity of che soil by reducing evaporation and soil compaction. *Thc Department of Water Resources or local water dlscrlcC nay aid in developing these materials. t i till I i I I 1 f I i I 4. Preserve and protect existing trees and shrubs. Established plants are often adapted to low water conditions and their use saves water needed to establish replacement vegetation. 5. Install efficienc Irrigation systems which aU-nlnlse runoff and evaporation and maximize the water which will reach the plant roots. Drip irrigation, - soil Boiscurs sensors and auComaClc Irrigation systems are a few nethods of increasing irrigation efficiency. 6. Use pervious paving material whenever feasible to reduce surface water runoff and aid in ground water recharge, 7. Grading of slopes should minimize surface water runoff. 8. Invsstigace the fsasiblllcy of uclllxing reclaimed waste water, stored rainwater, or household gray water for irrlgacion. 9. Encourage cluscsr development which con reduce the amount of land being converted to urban use. This wll'l reduce the amount of impervious paving created and thereby aid In ground water recharge. 10, Preserve existing natural drainage areas and encourage che Incorporation of natural drainage systems la new developments. This would aid in ground water racharga. 11. Flood plains and aquifer recharge areas which are the best sites for ground water recharge should be preserved aa open space. -2- i'fPA.VfMSNT O? .lEALfH SERVICES ,-i<»cliy, -A June I, 1983 Catherine D. Siabolaa CITT Of CfJtlSaAD CJrlsbad, CS 920iJa SUBjECi'i City of Carlsbad's NOP far Cal Conmunities Inc. Project SCtt 933042707 Deac lis. :ii^holas: The DepsLtiaent has reviewed the subject environmen Cal dOcuoient and offars the follaw.ing coiaimnts. With rospect to yaux above NOP, we are enclosing a docusient entitled, "Cuidsllr.z-s foe Moist; Slzudy iieport^ P^rt of Env.'.ronaental Iinpact Reports' which uas pcepjired i>t| tiia »oise Oo-itrol program and pcovid-i^i soiae genaraX .7111 deli/ies ijs to what this office considers important in EIRs. If you hava any guesCions or need further inibroiation concerning these corraients, plaase contact Dr. Jaromn LiUtas of the Noise Gnntrol Program, Office of Local Environmental Health Programs, at 2151 Berkeley Way, Rat 613, Berkeley, CA 94704, 415/540-2665. Stuart E. Richardson, Jr., R.S., Chief Office of local Environmental Health Programs roma 5. I4t<cas, Ph.D., ordinator NOISE CONTROL PROJRMI Enclosiire ca: Snvironniental Haalth Oivi.-ion .'Jtad^' Citi.irl/ighouse i 1 I illl I I I I I Giriilellnea for Nuise Study Reports as P,i. i of Environmeiitai Impact Reports Calf/brnia Qffke of Noise Conirol California Department of Health Services 2151 Berkeley Way Berkeley, California 94704 May 1982 Because complainU about environmental noise are so frequent, the Office of Noise Conirol recommends that every project with • potential for increasing environmenlai noise levels ot which may be affected by existing or future noise sources should have a Noise Study Report. This report assesses how noise levels associated with the projecl may affect people. The infor- mation contained in the Noise Study Report should he summarized in the Environmenlai Impact Report or Environmental Impact Statement, and kept on file by ihe lead agency for review by those with a specific interest in noise. The uuachcd is designed to help those who prepare Noise Study Reports and Environmenlai impact Reports and reviewers of Environmental Impact Reports. Because there arc so many different combinations of noise sources and recdvers (people impacted by those sources), it is virtually impossible to develop guiiklines that cover all situaiions. Nevertheless, the guidelines should help to bring some consistency to the way noise information is presented in environ- mental documents. i i I I I i 1 f i r I Iliflllillltitlil ililililililil I i I GuideUnes for Noise Study Reports as Part al Enyironmental Impact Reports California Office o/iVouc Conirol California Depattmeat of Health Services 2IS1 Berkeley Way Berkeley, Califomia 94704 May 1982 Because complaints about environmental noise are so frequent, the Office of Noise Control recommends that every project with a potential for increasing environmental noise levels or which may be alTected by existing or future noise sources should have a Noise Study Report This report assesses how noise levels associated with the project may affect people. The infor- mation conuined in the Noise Study Report should be summarized in the Environmenul Impact Report or Environmental Impact Statement, and kept on fite by the )ead s^er.cy for review by those with a specific interest in noise. The attached is designed to help those who prepare Noise Study Reports and Environmental Impact Reports and reviewers of Environmental Impact Reports. Because there are so many different combinations of noise sources and receivers (people imited by (hose sources), it is virtually impossible to develop guidelines lhat cover all situations. Nevertheless, the guidelines should help to bring some consistency to the way noise information is presented in environ' mental documents. I. A brief description of the project ui terms of i;;- ctTcci on the noise environment and a description of the existing noise environment a.i<i i:s impact upon the project (homes near a freeway, for example). II. Two scale maps -• one showing the existing sttii: % anJ itw propossd project with adjacent land uses, receptors, and noiso sources itlinliasl. and ilie xconi map showing the future condition (use a time :ipan of no less ih.in 10 ycins. unless the project's life spaa is less) with the proposed project .md pronossd land USB^, reu^pturs, and noise sources identified. III. A detailed survey of the existing .noise en-'ironrnaul. A. The noise survey should encompass the i-.opusjd project area and must include any noise sensitive receptors, both near and {.sr. The survey should establish the exist- ing ambient noise level which may ih^n LU i,3d to evaluate compliance of the pro- posed project with upplicabia ncise uar.Ja>L.i. The standards should be local (city, county) but In their absence sute or federal standards may be used The rationale for the selection of noise survey sites iho. A i l^s included in the report B. The survey should cover the time pt:ft«...i.>i -/hin the noise environment may be afTected by the proposed protect. C The survey should encomcasj enoush iU:- .• • • ttprsientaiive of the existing "nor- mal* ooiie environment. Oi:>cuiStun of ; . si.niljri'.y or dissimilarity of ihe noise environment during the survey period 'vitii ihat during other times of the year should be included. D. For the time periods measured, ths reporul noise data should include the L^^ Li, Lio> LM> I-40I >nd identification of typical tiuiic kveis emitted by existing sources, (f day and night measurements are made, report fhe also. Ldn is approximately equal to CNEL; either deixriptor may be nieJ. It is imperative that the descriptor conform to that used in the appropriate siandari!. E. Summarize the present environment by { r v/iding a notss contour map showing lines of equal noise level in S dS steps, extending do>vn to 1^, ^ 60. In quiet areas lower contours should be shown also. P. Identify the noise measurement equipment \iitd in the survey by manufacturer, type, and date of last calibration. IV. A description of Ihe future noise environment for each project alternative. The scope oT the analysis and the metrics used will depend on the lype of project, but as a minimum the following information must be provided: A, Discussion of the type of noise ^iiiri:ds and their proximity to potentially impacted areas. B. Operatinns/activity data: 1. Average daily level of activity (triilTic volitine, flights pet day. hours on per day, etc.). 2. Distribution of activity over day a.id it'simimii periods, dnys of the week, and seawinal varUiiors. J. Ciimposition iit iioiie sources (In irii-ks. aircraft lioit mix, machinery lype, etc.). 4. Frequency SF2c:.um ol souivcs (1/3 .c-jva oard data are prefer.ihlc) 5. Any unusual characteristics of ihj M)ir.;;i (•n-r.utsiveness, ton^ility. etc.>. Method used ro predict future bveii. I. Reference to ihe prediction r.KJel uscvl. if .tandard (e.g.. FHWA-RD-77-108. etc.). 2. If corrections to a stauda.d model are made or empirical modeling is used, state the procedure in detail. J. Shoif typical leveb (e.g.. L,. Lio. etc.) at the receptors. 4. Give any other data yielded by the model you used. D. Contours of luiure levels should be included (down to Li„ 55 where applicable), and superimposed over projected population (receptor) densities. V. Impact A. Quantify anticipated changes in thi.- noise environment by comparing ambient infor- mation with estimated source emissions. Evaluate the changes in light of applicable standards. B. Discuss how this projeci relates to the Noise Element of the applicable general plan. .C. Discuss the anticipated effecU ui increased noise levels (speech interference, sleep disturbance, disruptioa of wildlife habitat, etc.). VI. Mitigation A. Discuss how adver.w noise impacts can be mitigated, suggesting alternative tech- niques for mitigation, their relative etfectiveness, and feasibility of implementation. Provide a ublc listing the most and least cfTeciive techniques. For this table, effectiveness should oe defined in terms of the number of peopla being exposed to noise at some given level. B. Responsibility for etfcictuating the mitigation measures should be assigned. C. Discuss any noise impacts that cannot be mitigated, and why mitigation is not feasi- ble. I I t P i Sutnmuization of Noise Study Reports in Environ men txl Impact Reports or Statements Information included la the Environmental Impact Report or Sutement should be a summary of the noise study. The following information must be included: A. Maps showing the existing setting and the proposed project with adjacent land uses and noise sources identified. Pertinent distances should be noted. A description of (he existing noise environment. The change in the noise environment for each project atteraative. A discussion of the impacts fot the alternatives. A diKussion of the compatibility of the project with the applicable Noise Element of Ihe General Plan or the most applicable noise laws or ordinances. A discussion of mitigation measures, clearty identifying Ihe locations and number of people alTecied when mitigation is not feasible. Statements of: (0 where to obtain a copy of Ihe Noise Study Report from which Ihe information was taken (or the Noise Study Report may be included as an appen- dix, and (2) Ihe name of the consultant who conducted the Noiie Siujy if it was not conducted by the author of the Environmental Impact Report B. C. D. E. G. I i I i I I I I I ii ti ti ti tl ii titititiiiiaii 1 I I iiai^- Qt C jliiomia, Ceorge Deukmejian, Covamor Ca.T!i>-iij CoLital Commission SA.N 0\:CO COAST DISTRICT 6l5-l.Mii«on Gorge Road, Suite 220 San Oiego. CA 92120 (71-1) 260-6992 June 17, 1981 Catharine D. HichoLas City of Carlsbad 1200 Elm Avenue Carlsbad, CallComla. 92008 Subject! Response to the City of Carlsbad's NoCica at Preparation of a Drafc Environmental Isipact Beporc (DEIR) foe tha Cal Commtmleies rne. Project: (SCH #33042707) Dsar H5, Mlcholasi Staff of the t^sastal Commission appcaciates t:ha opportunity of responding to tha Kotlce of Preparation (NOP] for the DSrR on the Cal Connuinltlas Inc, project. As you are probably aware, the Coastal Commission has approved both tha Agua Kadlonda Land Usa Plan Segment and the Hallo II Segment of tha City of Carlsbad's Local Coastal Program (LCP) , The Cal Cominunities Inc. project involves approximately 430 acres; the low lying portion north and uest of Che proposed Cannon Road Is in the Agua Hedionda LCP segment, and the hillalda area to tha south and east of Cannon Road in the i4allo II segment ot the City's LCP. In reviewing and approving tha two LCP Land Usa Plans, the Cosstal Comalsslon was very concerned about assuring that ths plana interfaced properly with regards to tha Cal Coemtunltles Inc. propeirty so that whan raview- Ing the entire property ownership a logical davalopmant pattern would exist. Tha two LCP segments provide firm guidance to tha property ownar as to Che two major issues and how tha Cotnolssion ejects thosa issues to be resolved. Hhile there hava been several preliminary discussions with the davelop*r and ws hava Indicated a wlllingnass to work in a coaperatlva mannar in master plarming the 430 acres. It should be clearly understood that the basic pro- visions of the approved LCP Land Use Plans hava rust been changed. Xt could ba that through ctia master plan process tha LCP provisions are rafinad, Por instance. It may ba determined that increased densities ara appropclata through clustering on certain portiana of tha property; however, tha developer would have to clearly demonstrata to tlia Coastal Commission, through amendments to the approved LCP land use plans, tha overall environmental advantagas/banefIts to be gained through such Incaasas In density. Certainly, the policies of Che LCP documents related to protecting anvirorucantally sensitive habitats should not be abridged. It became obvious during tha LCP process that three major resourca protection issues were Involved on the Cal Communities Ino. property: first, preservation 1 0 Catharine D, Nicholas June 17, 1933 Page Two of Agua Hadlonda Lagooni second, preservation of environmentally sensitive ' habitats and highly erodibla steep slope araasf and third, preservation of lands suitable for agricultural production and encoueagemanC of such produc- tion. Our subsequent commants on tha HOP of tha DEIR foe che Cal CommuniCles Inc. prc^erty will concentrate on Chase three major issues, 1. PresarvatlCTi of Aqua Hedlonda Lagoon. Sections 30230, 30231 and 30233(c) of Cha Califomla Coastal Act ara particularly relevant to Che Issua of preserving Agua Hadlonda Lagoon, These sections of tha law require tha preservation, protection and anhancemant of Agua Hedionda Lagooni any alter- ation of tha lagoon is limited to vary minor incidental public facilities, restorative maasuras and nature study. In response to tha above noted pro- visions of tha Coastal Act, the Carlsbad City Council in adopting tha Agua Hedionda Land Usa Plan Included the following policies. - Policy 1.2 That portion of the "Kally" property containing wacland areas shall ba designated as open space (Exhibit D] consistent with maintenance of the natural rasourcas of the wetlands and floo^laln araa. Psnnittad uses shall Iclude maintenance and extension of utility transmission and distribution syatens, agri- culture, outdoor plant nurseries, fish hatcheries, driving ranges, archery ranges, hiking and equestrian trails, apiaries, or othar non-intensive recreational, scientific or educational uses com-- patible with resource valites. Ho panaanant structures or Imper- meable surfacing or filling shall be permitted within tha lOO-ycar floo<^laln. Any development of the property shall be subject to regulation by conditional usa permit and shall ba subject to tha approval of tha State OeparCmenC of Fish and Game, Policy 3.1 Kelly Property. Ho uses shall occur within tha boundaries of tha wetland area, (see foldout exhibit at back of document) except those activities necessary for nalntenanca, resource manage'- BMnt, farialng and graxlng, except as approved by Cha State Depart- ment of Fish and Gaote, a) A buffer strip of at least 100 feet in width shall be maintained in a natural condition around tha perimatar of all wetlands or environmentally sensitive habitat areas, unless tha State Department of Fish and Gaoie determines that a lesser setback br physical barrier is adequate. b) Fencing shall be required to prevent uncontrolled access of persons or domestic animals into the wetland or envlcon.'nentally sensitive areas; and c) «o vehicle, pedestrian, oc equestrian access sh.ill be permitted wiChln either Che wetland, environmentally sensitive, or buCcer areas, except for resource man^igemanc and educational purposes. mm sua utemii 'Catherine D. Nicholas June 17, 1983 Page Three Policy 3.2 The wetland areas mapped by tha State Department of Fish and Game shall be acquired by an appropriate management agency, subject to the availability of funding, Hethods of acquisition of those wetlands east of 1-5 shall be l:hocoughly explored by the city. Coastal Conservancy, State Department of Fish and Game, and property owners. Methods to be considered shall include: a. Acquisition through purchase by tha Coastal Conservancy, Department of Fish and Game, or other appropriate StaCa of Federal agency. b. AcquisitJ-on through dedication in fee or through aasemant. c. Acquisition through transfer of development rights, or developmant agreement. Policy 3.6 The implementation phase of the LCP shall include specific pro- visions for assuring protection of wetlands in tha design of adjacent new development, including provision of adequate buffer areas, pro- tective fencing, revegetation, etc. Policy 5._6 Tha extension of- Kelly Drive, proposed in the original Specific Plan, has been deleted. If it is determined that an additional access is needed for circulation in residential areas and/or to facilitate emergency access, a local street C9nnecting the Laguna Riviera sub- divisions to El Camino Real may be permitted. Construction of the access will involve no environmentally sensitive areas. Policy 5.8 The conceptual alignment recommended by PRC Toups (alignment I-Bl for Caruion Boad shall be incorporated into this plan (sea foldout exhibit at back of document). In developing the precise alignment of the proposed roadway, the following design criteria and environmental protection measures shall apply; a) No portion of the road construction shall involve filling or dredging of fresh or saltwater marsh wetlands, except as noted in tha letter from the Coastal Commission to the State Department of Fish and Game (2/17/82; attachment 3, pg, 56), b) To Che extent that any portion of the road construction would occur in or adjacent to an envlronatantally sensitive habitat area other than a wetland, tha road shall be sited and designed, to prevent impacts which would significantly degrade such areas, shall avoid significant disruption of habitat values, and shall be sited and designed Co be compacible with tha continuance of habitat values. cl To the extent that there are no feasible less environmentially damaging alCiicaattves and Cha road as designed would nonethdl^ss .Catherine D. Nicholas Jujie 17, 1983 Page Pour result in adverse impacts to environmentally sensitive habitat areas such Impacts shall be fully mitigated in accordance with tha recom- mendations of tha State Department of Fish and Game. d) To protect agricultural lands from the growth-Inducing potential of the project, no agricultural lands shall ba assessed for con- struction of the road, and the road shall be designed so aa to avoid uncontrolled access into adjacent agricultural areas. The City of Carlsbad and the Cbastal Cownission spent many years in developing the Agua Hedlonda Land Usa Plan. He believe the policies of that plan, noted above, provide very specific guidance as to any development which may be pro- posed in or near Agua Hedionda Lagoon and the adjacent wetlands. As part of the Agua Hedionda Land Use Plan, the Stata Department of Pish and Game mapped the boundaries of the wetland; that map is included as a fold-out exhibit to the Agua Hedionda plan and wa would urge that there be no deviation from that nap with regards to defining the wetland boundary. Regarding the extensions of Kally Drlva and Cannon Road, as noted In tha above policy language our continuing concern is that those roads not encroach into wetland areas Tha conceptual alignment for Cannon Road has been approved per the fold-out exhibit attached to the Agua Hedionda Plan, while we understand that there may be design constraints where Cannon would intersect El Camino Real, we ^-ould again urge Chat tha alignment not encroach on any marshlands and that the road span tha Macario Canyon area. 2. Steep Slopg Areas/Environmentally Sensitive Habitats. Sections 30240 and 30253 of the Coastal Act require that environmentally sensitive habitats be preserved and that lands In close proxiciity Co environmentally sensitive areas ba developed so as not to adversely impact tha reiourca values of tha environmentally sensitive areas. Both the Agua Hedionda Land Use Plan and Che Carlsbad Hello II Segment u:p contain policy language relating to these concerns. First, both plana recognize the need to preserve and protect Agua Hedionda Lagoon from potential adverse impacts due to upland dovelopnisnt; and second, both plans recognize the importance of upland habitat areas associated with steep slope areas and tha susceptibility of tha steep slope areas to erosion. As a result, tha Carlsbad Mello II LCP Land Use Plan contains tha following applicabla policiesi Policy 3-5. Kelly Polnt/Macario Canyon Area. The Kelly Point/Macario Canyon area shall be designated for Planned BesldentlaVAgrlcultura development The area affected by this policy, and development regulations applicabla to this master plan area, are described in Attachment A to this plan. Attachment - A, Kelly Point/Macario Canyon Area A. ttaximum Density of Development Agricultural land, buC no mora than 801 of the acres in cultiva- tion In the 1980 tax year, shall result in an cillo-.,able development intensity ot 1 dwelling unit por ten acres.. The renaining 20^ shall be allowed a maximum intensity of d^velop^^rc based on the slopes as specified. 1. I • I i r I 1 t I I 1 I I r I f I I I I I I t I t I I I f I t i t « t i t i t i II iiiiiitiiiiiii I t I V / .Catherine D, Nicholas Ji'ti* 17, 1983 Paga Five •Catherine D. Micholaa June 17, 1933 Page Six 2. All slopes greater l:han 25 percent shall result in an allow- " able development Intensity of I dwelling unit par ten acres; 3. All slopes greater than 20 percent but leas than 25 percent shall result in a development intensity of I dwelling unit per five acres; 4. All slopes greater than IS percent but less than 20 percent shall result in a development intensity of 1 dwelling unit per acre; 5. All slopes greater than 10 percent but less than 15 percent shall result in a development intensity of 2 dwelling units per acre; 6. All areas with a slope of less than 10 percent shall result in a development intensity of 6 units per acre. B. Agriculture/Planned Development The property shall ba developed using the existing planned community zone with the additional requirements contained in Che Policies herein. All developments as defined in Che Coastal Act, expressly emphasizing land divi- sions, are conditional uses and require a coastal development permit and master plan. As a condition of approval of any master plan for the entire area, the city shall require that a minimum of SOfc of Che existing agricul- tural area aa specified above shall be permanently rest:ricted to agricultural use. C Drainage, Erosion Control [Mder the P-C requirements and the development intensities estab- lished in A, the developoient shall conform to the following additional development standardsi 1, Grading, natural vegetation removal, and placement of structures shall be Limited Co areas of less than 20% slope; or where highly erodible soils are involved.to areas of less than 10% slope. Upon review to detennine the lease enviroiunentally.damaging road alignment, exceptions may be made only for roads absolutely necessary to provide access to developable land surrounded by such steep slopes, the placement of underground public utility lines and fire roads. 2. Drainage and runoff shall be controlled so as not to exceed at any time the rate associated with property in its present state, and appropriate measuT'SS shall be taken on and/or off site to prevent siltation of lagoons and other environ- mentally sensitive areas, 3. mta appropriate measures shall ba installed prior to on-site grading. 4. All undevelopable slopes shall ba placed in open space ease- ments aa a condition of davalopmant approval. 5. Modification of these standards and criteria may be granted to portions ot properties where stirloc application of the standasda and criteria would, even after application of cluster- ing and othar innovative davalopmant techniques, result in less than one-half of the devalapmant potential that would be attain- able under tha slope density fonaula. Such modification shall be llad.tad Co the standards and criteria expressed in (11 (2) (31 C41 above, and shall not exceed that necessary to tha atcaiiuaent of said one-half of the development potential, I4her« such nodlflcatlon must involve grading or other disruption of lands of 20% slope or greater, such grading or disruption shall be limited to not mora than one-fourth of the land area of tha property which is of 20% slope or greater. In selection areas within Che property of 20% or greater which will ba subject to modification of standards and criteria, lands with tha following characteristics shall re'ceive prefer- ence. - Land with the lowest relative degree of environmental sensitivity. - Land with tha relatively gentler slopes. -? Land which will require tha least amount of cut and fill, and upon which runoff and erosion can be most effectively controlled, - Land with tha least annunt of visual Impact when viewed fron a circulation element road or public vista point. Land which, when graded and developed, would hava the least enviiraruoantal and visual impact on the steep-sloped land form upon which such grading or development Is to take place. tacherina D. tticholas Jur.e 17, 1983 Page Sevan Catherine D. Nicholas June 17, 1983 Page Eight D. Park Purposes ~ Park purposes shall be a permitted usa compatible with thia land usa designation provided that any park construction Is subject to Subsection C. The Agua Hedionda Plan contains the following applicable provisionsi 4^ Additionally, grading permits in the plan area shall include the following mitigation measuresi • Coordination of grading activities with tha local precipitation pattern; grading restricted during rainy season. • Avoidance of clearing operations in advance of grading. Limit grading to tha minimum area necessary to accomplish the proposed development. " Construction of drainage facilities prior to or concurranCly with grading activities. Grading of surfaces so as to direct runoff toward planned drainages and. If possible, away from cut and fill slopes. Early planting and maintenance of ground cover suitable for slope erosion control and maximum retention of natural vegacatlon. • Development projects shall preserve, as feasible, natural drainage swales and landforms. 4^ Development projects shall provide for la^irovements indicated in the Master Drainage Plan, and shall limit tha rata of runoff through the provision of on-site catchment basins, desilting basins, subsurface drains, and similar improvements aa nacesaary. Runoff shall be con- trolled in such a way that tha velocity and rata of run-off leaving the site shall not exceed that of the sita in its natural state- -li*. Recognizing the unique environmental features of the lagoon and its environs and the sensitivity of the araa to soil ecodibility and sedimentation, development shall be regulated as followsi - Development, grading and landform alteration in steep slope areas (25%) shall be restricted. Exceptions may include encroachments by roadway and utilities necessary to reach developable areas. Tha maximum allowable density shall be calculated on the tocal lot area, although this may be modi- fied chcouyh setbacks, plan review, or other requirciments of this plan and applicable ciCy regulations. use of the Planned Davalopmant (PD) Ordinance and cluster develop- - menc shall ba raquired in areas containing environmentally sensi- tive resources, extensive steep slope areas and significant natural landf om features. In conclusion, Che applicable LCPs recogniza ttia need to protect the environ- mentally aanslclva fragile steep slc^e areas both north and south of Agua Hedionda Lagoon. Failure to preserve and protect these areas would result in loss of significant habitat areas, and create potentially savara on-site erosion and sediment discharge into the lagoon. Historically the Coastal Commission has considered the above concerns to be of critical importanca and for that reason we hava included tha above detailed LCP provisions. It stiould ba noted that In preliminary discussions with the developer. Coastal Commission staff did indicate a willingness to work cooperatively in the dev- elopment of a master plan for the property. Consideration of increased den- sities and reduction in agriculturally designated lands was discussed, but, it was made clear to the developer that in order for consideration to ba given to increasing permitted densities or reduction in agriculturally designated lands, that the developer would have to provide increased public benefits beyond what the two LCP documents already require. Two possible specific examples Include maintaining all of the area along Park Drive as open space in order to preserve public vi-ws of tha lagoon and more thoroughly protect the wetlands; and, to restore and erdiance floodplain riparian areas. 3. statest Preservation ot Agricultural Lands. Section 30242 of the Coastal Act All othar lands suitable for agricultural usa shall not ba converted to nonagricultural uses unless (I) continued or renewed agricultural use is not feasible, or (2) such conversion would preserve prima agricultural land or concentrate development consistent with Section 30250. Any such permitted conversion shall ba compatible wii^ continued agricultural use on surrounding lands. tn response to this Section of cha Coastal Act, tha Cosnission was very con- cerned about assuring that lands suitable far agricultural usa were preserved for agriculture to tha extent feasible and that sound urban/agriculture boundaries were established in order to ninloilza conflicts between urban and agricultural uses. Oace again, tha Agua Hedionda Land Use Plan and Cadsbad Hello tl Segment LCP were devalopsd so that they interface properly and insure a logical development pattem based on the land use pcioriclas contained In the Coastal Act, Applicable policies include the following: Policias (Agua Hedionda Plan) ^ -1 Conversion of agclcultucal pcoparcy shall be consistent: with Coastal Act policies, and tha policies of this olan. t I i f t I i I I I f I I I I » I I > I f I i I i It II i 1 II tl tl ti ti tl il tl ti il ii ii 11 I I I Catherine D. Nicholas June 17, 1983 Page Nino 2.2 The south shore agricultural lands shall be designated "open space". This area shall be zoned "Exclusive Agriculture" in the Implementation phase of Che plan. Agriculture/Planned Development (Mello II Segment LCP) "The property shall ba developed using the existing plaruted conmiunlty zona with the additional requirements contained inttia Policies herein. All developments as defined in the Coastal Act, expressly emphasizing land divi- sions, ara conditional uses and require a coastal development permit and master plan. As a condition of approval of any master plan for the entire area, the city shall require that a minlnium of 80% of the existing agricul- tural area as specified above shall be permanently restricted t:o agricultural use," The above specific policy language clearly contemplates Che preservation ot most of the agricultural lands on the Cal Communities Inc. property. As previously stated, any proposed conversion of the agricultural lands would have to be jusitifed through the master planning ot the property as being, on balance, in conformity with the provisions of the Coastal Act. Justifying conversion of agricultural lands is under the provisions off tha Coastal Act; but, we are willing to continue discussions with tha developer in this regards. However, any proposed conversion of agricultural lands without proper justi- fication would be unacceptable under Coastal Act policy. t'lhile wa acknowledge that these comments are extensive at the NOP state of Che EIR process, the Cal Ckimmunitles Inc. property constitutes a large development in the coastal zone within and adjacent to Agua Hedionda Lagoon and contains important coastal resource realted issues. Staff also acknowledges that there are other issues which we have not addressed such as archeology, rara and endangered flora oc fauna species, visual impacts, traffic circulation and public access; however, we expect the City to fully analyze these Issues in the EIR. It you have any questions regarding this letter, please do not hesitate to contact myself or Chuck Damm at the San Dlego District Office of the Coastal Co[iaiu.ssion. Slnc^ere^ TOH CRANDALL District Director TCiCO:t,ro APPENDIX B SCOPING MEETING MINUTES MINUTES FIRST SCOPING MEETING - CAL COMHONITIES, INC. DATE: JUNE 6, 1983 TIME: 6:00 P.M. PLACE: CITY COUNCIL CHAMBERS The meeting was called to order by Michael Howes, Assistant Planner at 6:09 P.M. Michael Howes, gave the staff presentation and a brief description of the project. He indicated that the Kelly Ranch property consists of 433 acres located at the eastern end of the Agua Hedionda Lagoon and that approximately half of the property consists of wetlands which the applicant proposes to leave in open space. He also indicated that the portion of the property south of the wetlands consists of moderate to steep hillsides and that the flatter portions of this area are currently used for agriculture, a single-family residence and farm-related structures. He stated that development of this area of the Kelly Ranch will require the construction of Cannon Road with a 102-foot right-of-way along with a bridge over the Agua Hedionda Creek and some related channel improvements. He further indicated that annexation of approximately 342 acres to the City of Carlsbad was proposed not 91 acres as printed on the handout sheet. Michael Howes, with the aid of a transparency, explained the importance of the scoping meeting and time frames. He stated that the purpose of the scoping meeting is to receive early citizen input for identification of issues to be addressed before the environmental impact report is prepared, introduce the City's consultants, introduce the project proposal, allow the consultant and public to identify environmental concerns to be addressed in the environmental impact report, to foster good communications between the City, affected public agencies and the public, not the purpose to debate the pros and cons of the proposed project or to make decisions on land uses for the subject property. He further indicated that the application was submitted in November and the consultant was selected in May and the City has chosen a consultant, Michael Brandman & Associates. He stated that the Consultant would be preparing the draft environmental impact report, which would include a public review period of 45 days and the draft environmental impact report would be completed in late June or early July and the final draft environmental impact report would be submitted in September and scheduled for the November 11, 1983 general plan amendments and final action with the City Council would take place in December. Michael Howes, with the aid of a transparency, explained that they are at the stage where the project is only an amendment to the general plan and the City has not received detailed development plans at this time. Michael Howes, introduced the consultants for this project - Tom Smith and Kimberly Brandt of Michael Brandman & Associates. Tom Smith, Consultant, gave a listing of the major issues that are going to be discussed in the draft environmental impact report and also mentioned that these were not going to be the only issues, there will be a complete environmental impact report which will describe all topics normally seen in a complete environmental document. Particular issues of major concern are: Land Use - Annexation of 342 acres into the City. There is a jurisdictional land use issue in bringing this property into the City and in developing compatible land uses for the entire property that will work well with existing uses to the north of the property in conformance with the existing general plan designation. Since the applicant is proposing changes to the general plan land use, these changes will also be identified in the environmental document and assessed for their impacts on traffic, circulation, etc. addressed in an environmental impact report. ^ Biology - The Agua Hedionda Lagoon is a very attractive water feature, but has a number of biological resources that are of considerable value and that have been identified in the Agua He(3ionda Specific Plan and the Carlsbad Local Coastal Plan as being of significance. Assessing of the potential impacts of the general plan change on the biological resources in the inter- tidal areas and in adjacent terrestrial areas of the site will be looked at. Archaeology - There are a number of archaeological sites that have been identified on the property. The applicant has had an extensive archaeology resources investigation conducted which will be reviewed by the consultant and incorporating into the environmental impact report. There are areas that will be avoided in accordance with the applicant's proposal for archaeological sites and if there are any impacts to those resources they will be identified in the document and mitigation measures proposed to mitigate those effects. Traffic - Not only the additional traffic that the development will generate, but also the modifications to the circulation network. Cannon Road is proposed to be constructed onsite, ultimately linking to Macario Park and El Camino Real. These issues will be analyzed in the environmental impact as well as the specific traffic to be generated by this project. Agriculture - There is agriculture being conducted on the site now and has been conducted on the site historically, but will be looking at the changes in agricultural use that will have to result if the property is developed as the applicant is proposing. The State of California is interested as a general rule in the conversion of agricultural land to urban land and will be looking at the role this property plays in the economy of San Diego County and making some generalized statements about the significance of this contribution. This will help understand what the transition of an agricultural land use in some areas to an urban land use will mean in terms of crop production in the county. Grading and Drainage - These will be addressed generally because this is a general plan amendment proposal and specific site plans are not available at this point and time. There will not be any specific discussion of how many yards of earth will be moved by the proposal but the consultant will be able to make some statements about landforms that will have to be modified to accommodate certain types of land uses both in the sloping areas of the site as well as in the flat lands adjacent to Park Drive. Agua Hedionda Creek forms the lagoon and will have to be crossed by the extension of Cannon Road near the intersection of El Camino Real so there will be some drainage improvements that will be needed to actually accomplish the crossing and to make sure the flow of water underneath El Camino Real and around the bridge is conducted in a manner that meets engineering standards. Visual Impacts and Aesthetics - Basically hinge upon the conversion of an undeveloped piece of property to a developed piece of property. What types of view impacts will result to existing residents as well as people who may be viewing the property from the lagoon. Will be using onsite photographs and some analytical techinques to try and give you an idea of what things will look like and what are the ways in which some the impacts can be minimized to the extent possible. Public Facilities - Being a new development, a variety of public services and facilities will be needed to actually service the property. There will be a need for sewers to be extended into the area, water supply systems, schools will be needed for children in the development - all will be looked into in the environmental impact report. Also, the consultant will be preparing a fiscal impact report which will describe the fiscal impacts to the City of the development of this project in terms of revenues to be expected from the development and an estimate of the cost to the City that will result if the project is built. There is a property tax transfer issue that needs to be resolved between the County and City and they will be making an estimate of which of those property tax transfers are in order to get a realistic picture of what kinds of property taxes the City will actually end up with once this property is annexed to the City. Noise - As an undeveloped area, present noise levels onsite are relatively low. With urbanization there comes both the short term noise impacts from development activities related to grading, construction and so on. From a longer term standpoint, they will also be looking at actually having development in an area where there is none today and what the long term impacts might be and how they can be mitigated. In conclusion, Tom Smith, Consultant, indicated that there will be other issues that will be addressed. They will be developing an alternative section which will depict reasonable alternatives to the project, variations to the general plan designations that are being proposed and of course, in accordance to state law, will be doing the no project alternative, which in this case, will result in the retention of existing general plan designations and county designations for those portions of the site which are in the unincorporated territory. Michael Howes, for clarification purposes, reiterated that this meeting was only for the sole purpose of environmental aspects of this project and opened up the meeting for public input. Jim Langford, indicated that his only concern is in regards to the wetlands at the end of the Agua Hedionda Lagoon, if whether or not the natural wildlife was going to remain there as a sanctuary. Michael Howes, in response to Mr. Langford, indicated that this issue was going to be addressed in the environmental impact report and other issues looked at to make it more productive than presently exist. Susan Spurrow, Laguna Rivera, asked for a more specific description of the development since she didn't understand. Ms. Spurrow felt that the development of this project would obstruct her view of the the Kelly mountain and open space. Brian Roberts, felt it is a fine project with only one concern regarding silt and drainage problems. Dick Andrews, Laguna Rivera, had concern in regards to the northwest corner as far as an expansion of the RMH designated section whether or not this will require filling current wetlands or current lands that are impacted by the tidal action in this area. He felt that according to the map before him this would occur. If so, would this require coastal commission approval. Michael Howes, indicated that the applicant is proposing to fill a certain amount of wetlands area that has been designated by wetlands by the Department of Fish and Game. He further indicated that the Department of Fish and Game and the Coastal Commission would be sent a copy of the environmental impact report for their review and comments. Michael Howes, for clarification purposes, indicated to the audience that there is a number of other applications and approvals the applicant has to gain before any grading can be done, such as, an amendment to Carlsbad Local Coastal Plan, and an amendment to the Agua Hedionda Specific Plan and both will require public hearings which you will be notified of. Applicant will also have to obtain approval of a new specific plan, tentative tract map and planned unit development permit. Joe Toskell, felt that it would be very helpful, if the information on the map presented.to the audience was made a part of the handout showing the location of their homes. Michael Howes explained that Cannon Road would have a 102' right- of-way and 4 lanes. Wayne Callahan, developer of the property indicated that they have been working on the project for over 2 years with the Department of Fish and Game and Coastal Commission and are attempting to address most of the issues forseen in the future. He indicated that at the present time they could see a loss of over 3/4 of the property and developing approximately 1/4 and expressed a desire to explain the map on the wall. He further indicated that the environmental firm which prepared the extensive biological, archaeological and traffic study was present in the audience. He pointed out that they were going to go through a very lengthy process with the general plan amendment to address specific issues which include the tentative maps and site plan approvals. Chuck Dougherty, 4860 Park Drive, had concern as to how far down to Park Drive the RMH density was going to go and also had concern about his view from his property and the cost of these condominiums. Wayne Callahan explained the type of homes that would be built, height and the cost of these homes. Dick Andrews explained the stages he went through in trying to find out what type of development was going to take place on this property before purchasing it and how he was always told nothing would be built on this property and now development was going to take place. Michael Howes explained that at this time no official approval has been given and will require an amendment to the City's Agua Hedionda Specific Plan to develop in this area. With the aid of a transparency, he depicted the map showing the exact location. Marvin Sipple, 4679 El Camino Real, gave a brief discussion on the history of the property. He indicated that Carlsbad will not remain static as it is, and will not become another Orange County but the planning process must go on but, keeping in mind that none of us would be here if some change did not occur in the past. Susan Spurrow questioned if there is any feasible way that this development could be stopped. Michael Howes indicated that if this development does go through there will be some new roads and possibly be connected with some of the stub roads in Laguna Rivera. 5 Michael Howes explained to the audience that the public is invited to the all the public hearings on this project and you can also recommend that the Planning Commission and City Council deny this project since it is an amendment to the general plan. A concerned citizen questioned where children were going to go to school since Kelly School is already filled and also suggested stop lights in order to facilitate traffic. Michael Howes indicated that stop lights would be discussed in the development proposal for the individual' portions of the property. Mr. Howes indicated that he feels that when Tamarack goes through and Cannon goes through alot of the traffic on Park Drive will be relieved. Schools will be addressed in detail in the environmental impact report and the applicant will be required to pay school fees for the enlargement and expansion of the existing school facilities. Michael Howes stated that the draft environmental impact report will be available to the public at City Hall and the library. Michael Howes indicated that the applicant was using some of the information from the previously prepared Macario Canyon environmental impact report to help him prepare this environmental impact report. He further stated that there would probably be some type of access from the future extension of Cannon Road into Macario Canyon. Michael Howes stated that the type of development proposed on this property will have strict CC&R's. Michael Howes passed out a remark form to be filled out in case anyone had anything else to ask that was missed at this meeting. The meeting closed at 7:30 P.M. MICHAEL HOWES Assistant Planner Anita Ramos, Minutes Clerk DEVELOPMENTAL SERVICES crtWD USE PLANNING OFFICE \ REMARK OR QUESTION Citp of CarU&ab KEMARK FORM 1200 ELM AVENUE CARLSBAD. CALiFORNIA 92008-19S9 (619) 436-5591 JUN 1983 RECEIVED UNO USE m m' NAME ADDRESS TELEPHONE • "Jp-^ ' L^f^S • Would like City staff to call: )( - yes 0 " no Please return to City by m It appears this plan is going to have a very adverse effect on those of us who live in the 4800 block of Park Drive. We are now coping with speeding cars and trucks, with no traffic control A stop sign, maybe at Alondra and Park, would cause the traffic to slow down. With this plan we will get much more traffic. . I We also obgect to .looking at the backs of two story condos. " fjwill.-ye entirely cut off, and in its place we will see Our viSu'}will .-ye entirely cut off, e ga^5iiag^'*'?iWs :Emd parked cars. •^^"-^t-j^^-^-r-WS^ have no objection to single story, single family hora'e"s-'^.^ro''ss the street. V/e recognize the Kelly Family has a right to sell their property to the highest bidder. We do strongly object to the developer's present plan. This change in the zoning laws to increase to this great density would tax all public facilities including schools, police & fire protection, water, and roads. <i^a^' P APPENDIX C PALEONTOLOGY NATURAL HISTORY MUSEUM Rice}VgajtB!t- 71383 f POST OFFICE BOX 1390. SAN DIEGO, CALIFORNIA 92112 EL PRADO IN BALBOA PARK • TELEPHONE 619 232-3821 OPERATED BY SAN DIEGO SOCIETY OF NATURAL HISTORY FOUNDED 1874 3 June 1983 Ms. Kimberly Brandt Michael Brandman & Assoc., Inc. 18021 Sky Park Circle. Suite E-2 Irvine, California 92714 Re: Paleontological records search, Carlsbad Dear Kimberly: As shown on the enclosed map, two recorded fossil localities occur within the boundaries of the study area. These localities {V-68114, V-68115) are U.C. Berkeley, Museum of Paleontology vertebrate fossil sites which have produced remains of Eocene (approximately 40-50 million years old) land mammals. It Is Important to emphasize the subsurface nature of paleontological re- sources (I.e., fossils) and the direct relationship between the distribution of these fossils and the bedrock layers (i.e., formations) within which they occur. Thus a knowledge of the subsurface geology of an area provides a reli- able means for assessing the resource potential of that area. In addition, by knowing the extent of proposed grading activities in formations with resource potential, one can assess resource impacts- In the case of the Kelly's Ranch study area, the two recorded vertebrate fossil localities on site, together with the numerous (and more productive fossil localities offsite but in the same fonnation (see geologic map), suggests a high resource potential for the study area. The offsite localities to the northwest were unknown until grading for the Laguna Riviera development exposed them. These localities have pro- duced a rich assemblage of Eocene vertebrates which includes fossil amphibians, lizards, crocodiles, birds and a host of land mammal taxa including shrews, hedgehogs, tarsid primates, primitive rodents, gophers, lagomorphs, carnivores, small rhinoceroses, oreodonts and camels. The enclosed geologic map is from the 1972 master's thesis by K. L. Wilson (U.C. Riverside) which is the only map presently available for this area. I have also enclosed a very diagrammatical geologic cross section for the area just to the southeast of the study area (Macario Canyon) which shows in a gen- eral way the various bedrock units. The Eocene Santiago Formation (Tsa, Tsb, Tsc on Wilson's map) Is the formation in the study area with high paleontologi- cal resource potential. If you have any further questions about this area, please feel free to call. Sincerely, Thomas A. Dem§r6 Assistant Curator of Paleontology TAD:mr Enc. ft D ¥^ Hblk ly K I. ^a StPltVif 3c! P,it I'.c:: .•\ vK' Ck « ^ " -ltl ' ' ' ' • ~1 — I ' ) ./ SITE LOCATION MAP USGS SAN LUIS REY QUADRANGLE MAP 1' 2000' JOB NO.; 981.01 DATE: MARCH 27 1983 FIGURE: -8-m m ot y<>:^'v- Ts ;. ; -Nv Qal Ts -r'-->s_.,^ 7 ^-^r^^-^-^ ^r.^'^ 300 feet -sea level Qal - Quaternary, valley-fill alluvium Qt - Pleistocene, terrace deposits Ts - Eocene, Santiago Fonnation Jsp - Jurassic. Santiago Peak Volcanics Figure 3 - Stylized qeologic cross-section across eastern portion of study area. APPENDIX D TRAFFIC illlllliltlilllll lllllltlltltif I I I TRAFFIC AND CIRCULATION STUDY FOR KELLY RANCH (EIR 63-4) INTRODUCTION This traffic study has been prapared to deteralne the traffic and circulation Impacts trtiich would be associated with the proposed general plan anendnent (GPA) for the Kelly Ranch in the City of Carlsbad, California. The report assesses the additive impact of this GPA on tha general planned street systeai. It also addresses potential constraints on development relating to roadway alignments and access to the various land uses. Our analysis contains a description of current traffic and circulation conditions and anticipated future conditions both with and without the proposed GPA. In preparing thia report we have reviewed previously completed traffic studies for various projects in the vicinity of Kally Ranch. July, 1983 Prepared by: HILLDAN ASSOCIATES 3633 Camino del Rio South Suite 207 San Diago, CA 92108-4042 (6191 281-9211 JN 6412 EXISTING COHDITIOHS The project is located on the west side of El Camino Real on both sides of the proposed location for Cannon Road. The site is currently undeveloped as la moat of the surrounding area. Iianediately north of the property is a detached single family residential development through which access will be provided. El Camino Real paralleling the site in a northwesterly- southeasterly direction also provides access to the property. This road is currently paved with two travel lanes and shoulders in each direction seprated by a two-way turn lane. The City of Carlsbad has designated El Camino Real as a prime arterial with a 126-foot right-of-way, 106 feet between outer curbs, and an IS-foot raised median. This roadway configuration provides three travel lanes plus exclusive tuming lanes for each direction of travel. The current daily traffic volume on El camino Real along the project frontage is 13,500 vehicles per day. The City of Carlsbad Circulation Study (Hilldan Asso- ciates, 1982) projects an ultimate volume in the year 2,000, of 38,000 vehicles per day south of Cannon Road and 20,000 vehicles per day to the north. Cannon Road is a master planned major arterial roadway ex- tending from Carlsbad Boulevard underneath Interstate S and extending through the City of Oceanside to Melrose Drive in Vista. At the present time, the facility does not exist. The master plan designation provides four travel lanes on a 102-foot right-of-way. Tha pavement width of 82 feet between outer curbs includes an 16-foot median. The ultimate traffic volume in the year 2,000, based on the City's circulation study is 14,000 and 20,000 vehicles per day west and east, respectively, of El Camino Real. Public transit service to the Kelly Ranch site is provided by the North County Transit District. Route 309 currently operates on El Camino Real immediately adjacent to the site with 60 minutes headways from 61OO a.m. to 9:00 p.m, weekdays. Thia route operates from Cardiff by the Sea to Camp Pendleton. Route 322 operating along Park and Kelly Drives north of the subject property provides access to downtown Carlsbad and Plaza Camino Real Shopping Center. IMPACTS The requested GPA proposes to change the existing combination of low, low-medium, medium, and medium-high density residential, elementary school and open space land uses to a combination of low-medium, medium and medium-high density residential, neighborhood and recreation commercial and open space land uses. To evaulatb .the potential impacts of these changes we have generated traffic from each set of land uses, distributed it onto the proposed street network and then compared the effects of both. To identify the amount of traffic generated by both the existing and proposed general plan we have obtained traffic generation rates from the San Diego Traffic Generators manual published by SANDAG. The specific rates used and trips generated are shown in Table 1. Since the general plan calls for a range of densities within each land use category we have had to assume a specific density for each. This was accomplished by using the to£al number of dwelling units proposed by the developer of the Kelly Ranch. The proposed development plan suggests develofmient densities at or near the maximum allowed densities, we have therefore assumed the existing general plan would develop out at the maximum allowed densities. The project traffic from the site was then distributed onto the master planned roadway system. To determine the distribution pattern we reviewed the patterns from existing developments and distributions used in other EIR's for projects in the vicinity of the Kelly Ranch. The distribution used is shown below: TRAFFIC DISTRIBUTION Street Interstate S (North) (South) £1 Camino Real (North) (South) Percentage Cannon Road (East) 25% 25% 15% 15% 20% When we assigned traffic to the street system we generally divided the site in half assuming only the connection to the commercial site would cross the open space area running east to west through the site. We also assumed the only access point to El Camino Real would be at Cannon Road. He based this on the City of Carlsbad's intersection spacing policy which calls for a minimum spacing of 2,600 feat between intersections on prime arterials. In addition, the alignment of El camino Real north of Cannon Road «K>uld make it extremely difficult to have tha proper sight distance at a second access point due to the combination of a crest vertical curve and a horizontal curve. The current and projected traffic volumes are shown on Figure 1. The City of Carlsbad has established street design criteria with ranges of traffic volumes expecCbd'on each roadway classi- fication. This criteria provides a good first brush evaluation of potential impacts. The design criteria calls for prime arterials (El Camino Real) to carry in excess of 40,000 trips per day; major arterials (Cannon Road) to carry 20,000 to 40,000 trips per dayj and collector streets (Park and Kelly) to carry 500 to 5,000 trips per day. Based on this criteria, all of the streets in tha vicinity of the project will be operating within their design parameters. It is necessary to identify potential impacts at the intersection of major streets in the project vicinity. To acccMnplish this we have conducted Intersection Capacity Utiliza- tion (ICU) analyses using tha critical movement analysis method described in "Transportation Research Circular Mo. 212, Interim Materials on Highway Capacity." He conducted ICU analyses at the intersections of Kelly Drive and Cannon Road with El Camino Real and Paseo del Norte with Cannon Road. The results are summarized below and the calculations are included in the appendix along with a definition of the various levels of service. Intersection Laval of Service W/O GPA H/GPA Kelly/El Camino A Cannon/El Camino B Cannon/Paseo Del Norte A While the proposed GPA will degrade the level of service at these critical intersections to some extent, the resulting levels of service are fully acceptable. We, therefore, find there will be no significant adverse Intersection capacity impacts resulting fron the proposed GPA. In addition to evaluating street and intersection capacities we reviewed the proposed alignment for Cannon Road. I I ^ I f t I t 1 ^ 1 r i i I I I r i I I V « f 1 i I < I lliittliiiii iiiititiiiiili I I i Land Use w/o Open Spaci BHH (600 DU) KIM (172 DU) S.^O Open Space IM ( 300 DU) RL (182 DU) TABLE I TRAFFIC OENERATION Daily Trips Factor Volwa P.H. Peak Factor In Out VoluBta In Out EXISTING GENERAL PLAH 8 T/DU 10 T/DU 8 T/DU 10 T/OU 4,800 1,720 Tttto 2,400 1.820 4,220 360 120 US 52 480 172 TOTAL 10,740 il? 307 767 •/O Open Space KM (15 DU) 10 T/DU ns (465 DU) 8 T/DU S/O Open Space RfC I57S DU) B T/DU RK (545 DU) 8 T/DU RC (3.3 AC) 100 T/AC NC (13.7 AC)* 800 T/AC PROPOSED GPA 150 3,720 ITITo 4,600 4,360 320 10j_960 20,240 .7 TOTAL 24,110 345 337 16 548 1,236 1,525 115 287 10 4 279 93 TS§ TT 115 109 1« 548 788 885 'The Neighborhood Commercial (NC) land use is located north of the open space, but will take access from the south side of the open space. The specific location of Cannon Road has bean discussed for many years. The generally agreed upon alignment has been Cannon running along the south side of the Agua Hedionda lagoon south of the wetlands area. There are however, one or two locations where the roadway crosses through the wetlands. The alignment of Cannon Road as shown on tha GPA generally ' follows the suggested alignment. As specific developments are planned and design work begins tha designer should carefully consider the effects on the wetlands and the amount of grading around 'the lagoon. Consideration should be given to having separate alignments for the east and westbound lanes in order to minimize potential impacts. MITIGATIONS No significant adverse traffic impacts hava been identified provided access to the various portions of the project are as assumed in the analysis. APPENDIX f f I ^ f r I II I I I I I r I I I illlitliiliil I a I I I t i I I I I III I I LEVEL OF SERVICE DESCRIPTIONS level ot Service Traffic Flow Quality Low volumes; high speeds; speed not restricted by other vehicles; all signal cycles clear with no ve- hicles waiting through more than one signal cycle. Operating speeds beginning'trf be affected by other traffic; between one and ten percent of the signal cycles have one or more vehicles which wait through more than one signal cycle during peak hour traffic periods. Operating speeds and manueverability closely con- trolled by othar traffic; between 11 and 30 percent of the signal cycles have one or more v^hiciBB which wait through mora than one signal cycle during peak traffic periods. Tolerable operating speeds; 31 to 70 percent of the signal cycles have one or more vehicles which wait through more than one signal cycle during peak traffic periods; often used as design standard in urban areas. Capacity; the maximum traffic volume an intersection can accommodate; restricted speeds;' 71 to 100 percent of the signal cycles hava one or more vehicles which wait through more than one signal cycle during peak traffic periods. Long queues of traffic; unstable flow; stoppages of long duration; traffic volume and traffic speed can drop to zero; traffic volume will be lass than the volume which occurs at Level of Service "E". 124 . 176 . 900 ICU ANALYSIS 600 LOS A Assune PM Peak Equals 9% of ACT FM PEMC HOUR YEAR 2000 EXISTINC GQCRAL PLAN EXHIBIT A-1 VUtMIMIOCUm ICU ANALYSIS ^ ±28 - 536 — WSA m PEAK HOUR YEAR 2000 WITH GENEBAL PtAN fKElOVm EXHIBIT A-2 ICU ANALYSIS 225 . 473 . 202 . 6U 833 LOS B Assune FH peak equals 9% of ADT w/ 50-50 SpUt FH PEAK HOUR YEAR 2000 EXISTING GEIJERAL PLAN EXHIBrr A-3 MUMUSMUm 111 fill I ^ i f I i I » f f I f 1 r f f i I fl fl I « I II f I It li il li II li I' II II tl tl It II li I I I ICU ANALYSIS 225 ^. 6^ + 1|1 + " 892 FH PEAK ICUR YEAR 2000 wrm GENERAL PUN AHEMMEHT BOtlBIT A-4 Ciil- OMCMBQAD —l630h £3QJ 216 + 54 + 576 . 550 106 A Assune m Peak Q^uals 9% of ADT w/ 5&-50 SpUt FH PEAK HOUR YEAR 2000 EXISTING CSSSAL PLAN BOIIBIT A-5 MUaMASMOAm KU ANALYSIS 216 . 54 . 1040 790 IOS A FH PEAK KXM YEAR 2000 WTZH GENERAL PIAN AMBCMEOT BOiiBrr A-6 «ii«flpiiifiririfii f 1 llllll Illf III j,i[ifornio. L'tr.-nunrI G. Browti Jr. G-j-.-cnwr Coasiol CcrnrnissiOM <i,vva.'cl Street. Hcor Mncisco. CJ':.'c.-r.ia 94105 February 17, 19S2 Earle Lauppe • California State Department of Fish and Gar:5 350 Goldon Shore Long Beach, California 90802 mm ^ Subject: I>/nluation of Cannon Road Kcaliynriont - City of Carlr,n.ia * m Dear Mr. Lauppe: • It is my understanding that you desire additional infonnation as to the position of Conmission staff with regards to the alignment of Cannon ?.oad proposed by the City of Carlsbad. As you are aware, the Ccrrsission has ta-icn the posture m their action on the Agua Hedionda Specific ?lan, several years ago, tluit Cannon Road could not be aoproved as consistent with Coastal Act r>=lxcies due to xts encroachnienc onto the wetland area adjacent to .Agua Ilcidionda Lagoon. Since the ti-e of the. Conroission's original action on the Agua Hedionda Specific Vlan, a nagctiating cotmittee comprised of several City Council nsnbars and ''several Coastal CoTinission menbcrs has met and ceterir.incd that ::hc following " language regarding Cannon Poad is appropriate, subject to full Council and mm Conunission approval: *" Prooose^ "Ca-^non ?.oad" Extension - The conceptual align-.ent of Crnnon F.oad as shoU on the draft land use mao for the Carlsbad LCP, prepared by ?RC Toups Corrx^raticn, is acceotable. In the d-volopr.ent of a final f^rccific desj.gn .or - the rcad..-ay, the following design criteria and environmental protection neasures shall apolv: an m a) no cortion of the road constructicn shall involve filling or dredging of a v.-atland area, as defined in Sectioa 30121 of the Coastal Act; I b) To the extent that any portion of the road construction would occur in or adjacent to an environmentaUy s-^nsitive habitat "area other than « a wetland, tho road shall be sited and designed to prevent impacts winch vould sighificantly degrade such areas, sh^.ll avoid i:iynificant disruption of habitat values, and shall bo sitr^d ?.nd de.^ignod to bo compatible with ^ the continuance of habitat values; ' " ' •• HECEIYEB CIT/ OF CARI..:CAD -1 Uluppe .jbruary 17, 1932 .^age Tv;o c) To the extent that there are no feasible less environmentally damaging alternatives and the road as designed would nonetheless result in adverse impacts to environmentally sensitive habitat areas, such impacts shall'be - fully mitigated in accordance with the recommendations of the State Depart— t* ment of Fish and Came; and, d) To protect agricultural lands from -he growth-inducing potential of the project, no agricultural lands shall be assessed for construction of the road, and the road shall be designed sc as to avoid uncontrolled access into adjacent agricultural are.as. ^ The Commission staff's interpretation of th= above stated language is that Ciannon Road can, with adequate mitigation, be permitted, but only if it does not encroach or. wetland areas as defined in Section 30121. However, former wetland areas which are currently and have been historically farmed, or small wetland areas physically removed from the main lagoon complex by existing roads and Vihich are less than an acre in size, could be encroached upon for construction of Cannon Road. /»ny such encroachment %-ould ultimately be based on a finding by the Commission that there is no feasible less environmentally damaging alternative,to the proposed Cannon Poad alignment and that the Department of Fish and Game concurs with the alignment and proposed rdtigation. Clearly, it would ze the Commission staff's position that final road alignment would have to meet the criteria set forth in subheadings "b" and "c" noted above. VJe would expect, if an environmentally feasible alignmen' is possible, that such .'nitigation measures ^s sjaecial construction tcchniciues (e.g., pili.ig supports where encroachment on existing or former v.'etland areas occurs), marsh restoration, open space dedications, desilting basins, etc. v.'ould be laade a psirt of the proposed road construction. Hopefully, this letter clarifies the Commission staff's position v/ith regards to the criteria under vihich Cannon Road could b% built. If you have further questions regarding the Cannon Psad issue, please contact Tom Crandall at the San Diego District office of the Coastal Commission. ;?hone: (714) 280-6992) Deputy Director of Land Use B3:lro CCJ y3im Ilagaraan Tom Crandall APPENDIX E AIR QUALITY I I 1 ( Iiiill III! - - VDBK SHEET IS (OQMESriC HEKTING)) EOR ESriMMriNG PARriOKArBS (TSP), SULFUR DIOXIDE (SOj), CASKM MCWOXIDE (CO) MJO MPrKGEN OXIDE (NO^) EMISSIONS OOSJSUtffAST , , _• — FIRM ^cxfShi<^_Ji£ NUMBER OF DWELLING IWITS (DU) ; MOMBER Qg THEEM3 PER HCWIH >f ^' TOIBL THERMS/HCNTa f f*,< ' ' ^' t C3.^7<^ ) THEaig/Honth - O' '^fl(^ ItonVyeac ^2 0 6 lbs* 1 ft^ 100.000 BTU ^ 12 Months _l^n-it 10° £t^ «Tssrag" —THBBT—'^-^Jiac * 2000 ibs^ f ) THERHS/Honth - O D Iton^ar CO 20 lbs. lft^H.G. ^ 1QO.OQ0BTU ^ 12 Months ^ ^^g ^ f X lOSO BTU " THEKl * 5fear 2000 Iba f b^^n^ ) THEEMS/Honth - .^j£e/£ tons/year I I i I i I i I i i I I 1 i I I > EOR ESTIMATItC PARriOEAXES (TSP), SULFUR DIOXIDe (SO^), CAFflON MONOXIDE (00) AND NITIOGEN OXIDS (MO^) EHISSXCH3 PaUBCTKA-ME (Vl ^ ^d - ^(^ Pt ^ PME & ' >0 '^3 co^euLTA2?^ FiJW : . NliMBER OF DWELLING UNITS (DU) • • - /^^-^ KILOWKET HOURS (KWH) BSM* PER HOJOH ^5^^ ^-3,"b TCrCAL KKH/MONIH ^33 .^3 .*? \— 10 lbs* 1 qal. ^ 3**BT0 „ 12 nonth 1 ton \m gal. ' lSa,03fl MP * '6.(10025 n« * Year 2000 lbs ( ^33 ^3? ) KWtV'Manth » "/.^ Ib^year ^2 ihs* ** 3***qal. 1 BTO . 12 month ^ ^l|J-lg—X (S) .0034 X i56.oOO>EO 0.00029 KH ' -Yiii"" ( ^^3^ 333 ) KWl^th X afloS°lbs " ^- 11^'^^ Ttona/yeac °° 5 lbs* 1 qal. ^ 3***aTU , 12 month I ton lOOO gal. * isO,000 BIU *" 0.00029 H« Year * 2000 lbs ( 533 333 ) KWtVltonth - / J Tons/Vear 35.7 lbs*. 1 qal. . 3***BTU „ VI Bpnth ^1 ton ' Sao gai. * 150,000 BTU » 0.00625 KHti * Year * 2000 lbs* ( ^J3.333 I KHH/ttonth - 1^. e>7g-^ lons/yeac *-Ihese enlssion factors were obtained froi Supplenent 7 of theU.S. E^ronmental Protectim Agency's OoBoUation of Air tollutant Eralssion Factors, AP-42- *!o034 is the deci«!»l equivalent of (S) the percentage, by weight, of sulfiic in the oil. *This factor Is used as an weraga of boiler efficiencies at the various S.D.G.&E. povwr station. HORK SHEET * FOR ESTIMATING HYDROCARBONS, CARBCW TO.NOXIDE AND NITROGEN OXIDE EMISSIONS C Vehicle Population Mix; Averaga Speed - 35 »IPH} PROJECT N'.\ME f\v^J{/>/'.c^ - tf ll^ iCfL^C.L. DATE f^-J^O-^'^ CONSULT.WT NUMBER OF VEHICLE TRIPS PER DAY /Q, AVERAGE MILES PER TRIP Q_ ^ -^^^^^ Vehicle Trips x _g_ Wle* - g^, ^7i' Miles/Day . Trips t^drocarbon -'>7^' (WTT) ^ 365 Days ^ .-f / Craras ^ 1.1023 x I0~^ Tons Enissions Day Year Mile Gran • Z'^ii'^tTrips) 36S Days ^./O Graas 1.1025 x 1Q~^ Tons Day Year Trip Gran Tons ^ Tons Year (VMT related) Year (Trip related) io. Tons/Year Carbon Monoxide Enlssions ^S^SymX _ 365 Days .J.j::^ Craws ^ 1.1023 x 10"^ Tons Day Year Mile Gran y^g>:^(Trips) J,. 365 Days ^^^.Q-f Crams 1.1023 x 10"^ Tons -^Day Year Trip " Gran /fje^-6A.'Ton5 ^ Year (VMT related) Year / J^'- 5z'^Tons/Yaar Tons related) Nitrogen Cxide Emissions • v7f_(VWr) 36S Days j( /-/^Grains 1.1023 x 10"^ Tons Day Year Mils Gran + /O f> '.UTrips) „ 565 Days O.bS Crams 1.1025 x lO"^ Tons bay Year Trip * 5i55 Year (Vt-fT related) ' ^_ iXi^ Tons/Yoar "3- g-lj^ Tons Year (Trio related) WRK SHEET IS (DGMESTIC HEATING) ) EOR ESTIMATING PABTXaSAXES (TSP), SULFUR DIOXIDE (SO^)^ CAB80N MONOXIDE (00) AND NPnCGEN OXICB (NO^) EMISSIONS PHMECT NAME (W^fAhf^^i' ' "^tUt^ ^cL^ t ^ DftTE a3SSUtIAOT , FIRM proposed &/n- HUMBER OF DWELLING IfillTS (DO) _/'/&oO tdc rPi.cU^ ff a/. I CONOCO Sfi- oem/^ndt^aJ^ NUMBER Off THEEHS MHW-PER HOHEB /"A? oo3, c£^i^e4K.f^ aJi TOtRL THEflHS/MCWTB /-^/j ^ 10 lbs* 1 ft^ H.G. ^ 100,000 BTO ^ 12 Months 1 ton ^ , 3 « lOSti BTU * THEEM * Year . 2000 lbs* 10 ft ( . JOf^' ) raEPMS/Honth - 0. 0 5^5/ Otons/yeac ^2 0.6 lbs* ^ 1 ft^ ^ 100,000 BTU 12 Months 1 ton ^^r^^ * TOBITB^ * TiiBRt - * Year * 2000 ibs* f /W. J-0 ) THEBH^Honth - g. 0 TbnVyear CO 20 ij^^ 1 £^3 M^Q, 100,000 BTU ^ 12 Hcwiths 1 ton ^^f l5S6 BK* * THESM * Yii? "^0 lbs * ( i^lyXDi^ ) THEJHS/rtxith » /• 3e)/> Tons/year ***x 100 lbs* 1 ft^ 100.000 BTU , 12 Months 1 tO" ^ loSft^ » l^rBM-''~THEm «—5tei^ « 2000 lbs* ( f^yXoio ) THEIMS/tenth - 6 fgfi^ Ibn^^ac . '•rtiese anisslon factors were obtained frcm Supplement 7 of the^^U.S. EWiroimental D,v.^^hio» ^^^^^ Canpilation of Air Pollutant Etotssloo Factors, AP-42- m I 1 I fl I i I IIIII ti il ii ii II Pl r« I I • •(' • II li Ilii illl liiiliiiiiliii 1 I i EOa ESTIMKCING PARXICULKTES (TSP) , SlttFUR DIOXIDE (SOj), CABBON HONOXIDE (03) AND NWaXSEN OXIDE (NO^) EHISSICN3 OraSULTAlSt • _ A X FIRM • — " if. NUMBER OF DWELLING UNITS (DU) P :^CO. OOO c^W^ KILOHMT HOURS (KWH)"M»aO PER HOOTH TOTAL Kt-,-H/E40OTH ()^' ^^^'O 10 lbs* 1 qal. ^ 3 gn) ^ 12 ponth 1 ton 1000 qal. ' * 156,000 BTO ^ ().00oi5 «« * Year * 2000 lbs l/^&7S^r<no } KWH/Mcxith - 6-9^08 lbs/year ^2 in ihs* ** 3***qal. 1 BTO 12 month „ 1000 gS. • * * 150,000 BTU " * 0.00029 Kt-H * Year * (y.?<rgjcn KWKAtonth X iloTibs ' a3±M±.'^f^^^ CO 5 lbs* 1 qal. 3***BTU 12 month 1 ton lOOO gal. * 150,000 BTD * 0.00029 Kl« * Year * 200O lbs Kl^kJXf^QJ KWH/»3nth - ^- f 3o -f Itons/Vear 35 7 lbs* 1 qal. 3***BTO 12 month 1 ton 1000 gS. » 156,601^ " 0.60029 Year "WTfe* ^- 7S;'f:!£i£) ) KHHMwth - :H. -7-^3 ibm^/yeac *lhese enlsaion factors were obtained teem Supplanent 7 of theU.S. Ewltoomental Protection Agency's Cbmollatlon of Air Pollutant Ehilssion Factors, AP-42. **0034 is the decimal equivalent of (S) the petcent^e, by weight, off sulfur in the oU. "nls factor Is used as an average of boiler ef Ciclencies at the various S.D.G.&S, powar station. WORK SHEET 1 POR ESTIMATING HYDROCARBONS, CARBO» MONOXIDE ANO NITROGEN OXIDE EMISSIONS VehicU Pi^ulation Mix; Average ^eed - 55 MPH) tt. tjU DATE PROJECT Si\ME ^CiA l4 6ACi - ffuM-tp CONSULTAXr NUMBER OF VEHICU TRIPS PER DAY t, I/O AVERAGE MILES PER TRIP t> ™I _ ^^Lm. Vehicle Trips x • & Miles - Z'??, B^O Miles/Day Day Oay ^ ^Hps Hydrocarbon J^2,%.%0 (VMT) ^ 365 Days ^ / Graws ^ 1.1025 x lO"^ Tons Bnission* Day ~ Year * Mile * Eran * ^'tlO CTrlps) ^ 36S Days b-IO Grans I. Day Year Trip V. doi Tons + iSy Tons . 'ear (Wn related) Year (Trip related) io. y^r" Tons/Year . ,-6 1025 X 10 " Tons Gran Carbon Monoxide Enlssions i^i^CWn _ 565 Days ^ g^-3 J Grans 1.1023 x 10'"^ Tons Day Year MiIS Gran ^ 3(^,110 fTripsl „ 365 Days „ 35^rans 1.1025 x 10'^ Tons Day Year Trip * Gran - f/j 5/3 Tons ^ 533^5" Tons Year O'^I^ related) Year (Trip related) - iliJt2£'Tons/Yesr Nitrogen * ^ Oxide J9>M0 CWm _ 565 Days , / M Crawg 1.1023 ; 10 ° Tons Enlssions Day Year Mile Cran .-6 ^M./IO (Trips) .. 365 Days _ Grans 1.1025 x lO' Tons Day Year Trip * Gran „;^U6-'Tons ft. 3^0 T(ms Year (VWT related) Tear (Trip related) ^i-' XOl Tons/Year JOB: GARLSBAD/GPA 65(B) PK-HR S-HR DISTANCE (FT) EL CAMINO REAL 3 FUTURE CANNON RD/2000 U/0 i.i. 1 G.\0 50 i .56 100 .7 .41 150 -5 .38 5.4<b 20O .4 .21 5.31 300 PK-HR a-HR + ^1 DISTANCE <FT> EL CAMINO REAL 3 FUTURE CANNON RD/2000 WITH GPA ,t Mil. .: ^..-HLiFUKNii^ LINE SQURCE DISf-EKSION MUDEL bEPftllBER. W/9 VfcRSIGN JOb: Cf*HLSi.iAD/Gf A i>^<B) I'Cuiil IJI CH QPA ( fI.EJ CHRLSLIHU-I tVliMj Lt. C^Mlria REAL -i FUTURE CANNON RD (S-HR) I. SITE VARIABLES U = 2 M/S 8RG = ao DEGREES CLAS = 3 (CJ MIXH lOOO H ATIM = 60 MINUTES ZO = 108 CM VS = O CM/S VD = O CM/S AMB = O PPM II. LINK VARIABLES LINK DESCRIPTION LIHK COORDINATES XI YI X2 (M) Y2 TYPE VPH KF H W (G/MI) (M) (M) A. SOUTH LtNK B. WEST LINK c. EAST LINK: O I CiOO O 0 O -1000 -1 i."i'''0 1.1 ii£. RECEPTOR LOCATIONS COORDINATES <M) rUTAL 1.8 1. 15 "p. 26 so RECEPTOR X Y Z (PPM) 1 .66 loo 1. RECP. 1 -15 -15 1.8 .9 loo 2. RECP. 2 -SO -30 1.3 .5 .8 .46 ISO 3, RECP. 3 -46 -46 1. a . 3 ISO 4. RECP. 4 -61 -61 1.8 . 3 .7 . 4 5. -oO 200 5. RECP. 5 -91 -91 1.8 .2 . 4 .28 5.-^^ 300 AG 1736 10.I AG 10o9 10.1 AG 3250 10.I 31 38 3a PK-HR S-HR DISTANCE (FT) m w m iiriiiiiiiiii ^i II II li fi li fi I 1 illlllliiiilillll ililililililil I i I StlPTEMBLFv, 1979 Vfc-tRSXCii-l JOB V- [LE FiUM CAHLSBAU/GI-A 65'Hi ZVO') I-IIJH Gf-A C.\RLSijHL'4 hi. CAr-1ItlG RtAL y 1-U UlKt; CAriMilH RD i3-HR> I. SITE VARIABLES U BRG CLHS f-ii XH 2 M/S SO DEGREES 4 (D) lOOO M ATIM = 6u MINUTES ZO ~ IOS CM VS - o I;M/ S VD = 0 CM/S AMB ^ O PPM I I . LINK VARIABLES LINK LINK COORDINATES (M> EF \i u LINK LINK COORDINATES tM) EF H W DESCRIP riOM X 1 YI X2 Y2 TVPE VPH ce/ME) (Mi (M) DESCRIPTION XI YI X2 Y2 TYPE VPH (G/MI) (M) (Mi A. SOUTH LINK Cl 0 O -1000 AG 1783 10. I ij 31 A. SOUTH LINK 0 0 o -1000 AG 1738 10. 1 0 31 e. WEST LIMK o O -lOOO (.1 AG lO. 1 O 38 B. WEST LINK 0 0 -1000 0 AG 1869 10. 1 0 3S c. EAST LINK 1000 0 0 0 AG 3250 10. 1 0 38 C. EAST LIMK 1000 0 0 0 AG 3250 10. 1 ij III. RECEPTOR LOCATIONS COORDINATES (M) RECEPTOR X •» Z 1. RECP. 1 -13 -15 1.8 2. RECP. 2 -30 -30 l.a 3. RECP. 3 -46 -46 l.a U. RECP. 4 -61 -61 l.a 5. RECP. 5 -91 -91 l.a rUTAL -»• AMB (PPM) 1.2 .7 .5 .4 .3 i:HL-U4tr.: i:ALU=OhNIA LIME SOURCE DtSP-^FSION nODEL SEPTEIIBER. 1979 VERSION JOBS CARLSBAD/GPA 65(M) 20u0 HITH (SPA KILEJ CARLSBAD4 RUNS EL CAMINO PEAL 5 FUTURE CANNON RD (8-HRi I. SITE VARIABLES U BRG CLAS MIXH 2 M/S 30 DEGREES 5 (E) 1000 M ATIM = 60 MINUTES ZO = 103 CM VS = 0 CM/S VD =• 0 CM/S AMB = 0 PPM II. LINK VARIABLES III. RECEPTOR LOCATIONS RECEPrClR COORDINATES (M) X Y 2 TOTAL + AMB (PPM) t. RECP. 1 2. RECP. 2 3. RECP. 3 4. RECP. 4 5. RECP. 5 -15 -30 -46 -61 -91 -IS -30 -46 -61 -91 1.8 1.8 1.8 1.0 1.8 1.4 .9 . 7 .5 . 4 •iiiF 1 tl'lDEIF- , 1 9 r9 i.'ef.:S [ON 30ii: ("MRI z;i.,.ii. [ji A c;j.:r^> WITH GI-H It L: : LMi-;l_'.;i:i-ii) ' lUM: I'L PTAriUIO iyEAL .J f-U1 URE C.AHNGM RD iPK-HRi i;4£.i! CALIi-ORrJIA Lli^tE LiUURCE DliJPERSICN MUOFL •^iLPIEMBER, 1979 VliRSION JOBi CARLHtiAD/SPA 65(B) 20'i'> W/D GPA riLi:: CARLS.1JAD2 RUN! LL CrlMINO REAL J FUTURE CANNON RD (d-HR) [. SITE VARIABLES I. SITE VARIABLES U BRG CLAS MIXH 2 M/S ao DEGREES S (E> 1000 M ATIN-- 60 MINUTES ZO ~ 103 CM VS - O CM/3 VD = O CM/S AMB = 0 PPM U BRG CLAS MIXH = 2 M/S 80 DEGREES 3 (C) 1000 M ATIM « 60 MINUTES ZO ^ lOa CM VS = 0 CM/S VD = 0 CM/S AMB = O PPM II. LINK VARIABLES L i Nh DE5CPIPTI0N A. SnUFH I..INK E<. WEST LINK C. ."AST LiNF-: n I . RECEPTOR LOCATIONS RECEPTOR COORDINATES (M> X Y Z TOTAL + AMB (PPM) II. LINK VARIABLES LINK COORDINAIGS (M) EF H ;j LIMK LINK COORDINATE XI YI X2 Y2 TYPE VPH (G.-MJ > (M) (M) DESCRIPTION XI YI X2 0 0 0 -t OCtO AG 2200 lO. 1 0 "1 A, SOUTH LINK: 0 O O 1.) 0 -lOOO 0 AG 2300 10. 1 0 :^3 B. WEST LINK 0 0 -1000 1000 0 0 0 AQ 4000 10. 1 •-' 39 C. EAST LINK 1000 0' 0 (M) Y2 IU. RECEPrOR LOCATIONS COORDINATES (M) RECEPTOR 1. RECP. I -15 -15 1.8 1.8 1. RECP. 1 2. RECP. -> -30 -30 1.0 1 RECP. 2 • j. RECP. 3 -46 -46 1.8 . 3 3. RECP. 3 4. RECP. 4 -61 -61 l.a . 7 4. RECP. 4 5. RECP. 5 -91 -91 1.8 . 4 5. RECP. 5 TOTAL + AMB cF H w TYPE VPH (B/MI) (M) (Ml AG 1138 10.1 0 31 AG 1625 11."-. 1 0 3B AG 30SB 10. I 0 ':::3 X Y Z (PPM) -15 -IS l.a .8 -30 -30 1.8 . 4 -46 -46 1.8 . 3 -61 -61 1.3 . 3 -91 -91 l.a . 1 I 1 i I Iilllli iliiliiifiliii I i i I I llllllilillll ililliiililiii I I I .Lii;.-,-: r ^1. ir'.lf..;i[il l.jl-ic SOURCE DISPEii'SrOM MOr.EL 'SLPrEI-il^ER. 1979 VERSION JOB F t i.. e Ri iii CHRI £:-E<'in, GPA ofWB) 200M Vf.'O GPA CAf-.L;;i;iAn-.' I:L CAMINO PEAL OJ FUTURE CANNON RD <3-HR: CALir)E-::;j CALIFORNIA LINE SOURCE DISPERSION MODEL SEPTEI'IBER, 1979 VERSION JOB: CARLSBAD/GPA 65(B) 2000 W/O GPA FlLEi CARLSBAP2 RUNJ EL CAMINO REAL 3 FUTURE CANNON RD (S-HR) 31 IE VARIABLES I. SITE VARIABLES U ERG CLAS MI <H 2 M/S 80 DEGREES 4 (D) 1000 M ATIM-=- 60 MINUTES ZO = 103 CM VS = 0 CM/S VD = 0 CM/S AMB = O PPM U =» 2 M/S BRG • 80 DEGREtiS CLAS = 5 (E> MIXH = lOOO M ATIM = 60 MINUTES ZO - 108 CM VS = O CM/3 VD = O CM/S AMB = 0 PPM II. LINK VARIABLES II. LINK VARIABLES LINK DESCRIPTION A. SOUTH LINK: P. WEST LINK C. EAST LINK LINK COORDINATES (M) XI YI X2 Y2 I: I. RECEPTOR LOCATIONS O -1000- -1000 O EF H W TYPE VPH (G/MI) (M) (Mt AG 1138 10. 1 0 31 AG la25 10. 1 0 38 AG 30Qa 10. 1 O 38 LINK LINK COORDINATES (M) GF H M DESCRIPTION XI YI X2 Y2 TYPE VPH (G/MI) (H) (M) A. SOUTH LINK 0 0 o --1000 AG 1 138 10. 1 0 31 B. WEST LINK 0 0 -1000 0 AG 1625 10. 1 Cl 33 C. EAST LINK 1000 0 0 0 AG 3088 10. 1 0 39 in. RECEPTOR LOCATIONS COORDINATES (M) TOTAL AMB COORDINATES (M) TOTAL + AMB RECEPTOR X y Z (PPMi RECEPTOR X Y 2 (PPM» 1. RECP. I -15 -15 1.8 1 1. RECP. 1 -15 -15 t. a 1.2 RECP. 2 -30 -30 l.a .6 2. RECP. 2 -30 -30 1.8 . 7 3. RECP. 3 -46 -46 1.8 . 4 3. RECP- 3 -46 -46 l.B .6 4. RECP. 4 -61 -61 1.3 . 4 4. RECP. 4 -61 -61 1.8 .5 5. RECP. 5 -91 -91 l.a .3 5. RECP. 5 -91 -91 1.8 .3 :,iLiri.iKriir, LlilE SOURCE i/iSFER'liilN rIODEL .•:PIL-NIILR, 197-^ VERSION JOB F IL E KL.If I i'ARL5bAD/i;PA 65iB> 2t lOci W/O GPA CAl-L'^tinDl KL irAtllNO REAL FUTURE CAMNDi-J RD (Pr:-HR.V I. 3ITE VARIABLES U BRG CLAS N [ XH 2 M/S 80 DEGREES 5 (Ei 1000 M ATIM = 60 MINUTES ZO = lOB CM VS =• 0 CM/S VD = O CM/S AMB = 0 PPM II. LINK VARIABLES LINK LINK CaORDINATt-:S (M> EF H w DESCRIFTION XI YI X2 Y2 TYPE VPH (G/MII (M) <N> A. SOUTH LINK (") 0 o --1000 AG 140O 10. 1 31 B. WEST LINK 0 0 -lOOO 0 AG 2000 10. I o 33 C. EAST LINK I OOC' 0 0 0 AG •;8oo 10. I 0 38 [It. RECEPTOR LOCATIONS COORDINATES (M) TOTAL + AMB RECEPTOR X Y 2 (PPM) 1. RECP. 1 -IS -15 1. 8 1.6 2. RECP. 2 -30 -30 1.8 1 3. RECP. 3 -46 -46 l.a .7 4. RECP. 4 -61 -61 l.a .5 S. RECP. 5 -91 -91 1.8 .4 m in iiriiiiiiiiii liiiiifiiiiiii r i APPENDIX F NOISE Ilflilliiilillll Ililililililil I I i KELLY RANCH GPA NOISE STUDY TABLg or CtniTEMTS Section. TJ.tle Page 1.0 PROJBCT LOCATION AHD DESCRIPTION 1 2.0 BXISTING ACOUSTIC BHVIRONHBNT 2 - Noise Rating Schenas - Hamful Effects of Molse - Land Use Qompatlbtllty With Noise - Current Noise Exposure 3.0 ACOUSTIC IMPACT ANALYSIS 7 - Short-Term Acoustic Impacts - Long-Term Acoustic Impacts 4.0 MITIGATION HBASURBS 10 - Noise Attenuation With Distance - General Hathoda to Reduce Noise Impacts - Specific Recommendations APPENDIX - Vehicle Mix Assumptions Endo &tgbieeiing Traffic Engineering Air Quality Assessments Noise Studies LIST or PIGURES Number Title Following Page 1. Vicinity Hap 1 2. Construction Noise 7 LIST or TABLBS Number Title Page 1. Harmful ECfects of Noise 4 2. Current Noise Exposure Adjacent to Nearby Roadways 6 3. Puture Noise Exposure Adjacent to Nearby Roadways Without the Project 8 4. Puture Noise Exposure Adjacent to Nearby Roadways With tha Project 9 1.0 PROJECT LOCATION AND OBSCRIPTKMI The project site is comprised of 433 acres located east of the Agua Hedlonda Lagoon and southwest of Bl Camino Real, as shown In Figure i: Most of the area la adjacent to the City of Carlsbad, in unincorporated San Dlego County, at present. Park Drive borders the study area to the northwest and El Camino Real lies adjacent to the northernmost project boundary. Devel- opment on-site will require the construction of Cannon Road with a 102 foot right-of-way and a bridge over the partial channeliza- tion of Agua Hedlonda Creek. The proposed project is General Plan Amendment 65(B), which entails redesignating much of the site to accommodate 1,600 dwellings In place of the l,2fi4 units previously approved. Addi- tionally, the former RL (low density residential) designation and E (elementary school) designation have been removed. Hew land use designations tneludlngi RC (recreational commercial), and tl (neighborhood commercial) are also being requested. Approximate- ly half of the site will be wetlands designated as open space. 11 i i f f i I f I llliii ii ii ii ffi 11 li ii i I I I I i iiiiiiiiaiiii Ililliiililiii I 1 i Is ca e IL O > 2.0 BXISTING ACOUSTIC EHVUtOHMENT Various noise rating schemes are Introduced below followed by a dlscusslpn of (1) the harmful effects of noise, (2) guidelines for achieving land use compatibility with noise, and (3) the current noise environment In the project vicinity. Molse Rating Schemes Noise levels are measured on a logarithmic scale in decibels which are then weighted and added over a 24-hour period to re- flect not only the magnitude of the sound, but also its duration, frequency, and time of occurrence. In this manner, various acoustical scales and units of measurement have been developed such est equivalent sound levels <L.„), day-night average sound levels (Lj^) and Community Holse Equivalent Levels (CMEL'S). A-weighted decibels (dSA) approximate the subjective response of the human ear to a broad frequency noise source by discriminating against the very low and high frequencies of the audible spec- trum. They are essentially adjusted to reflect only those fre- quencies audible to the human ear. The decibel scale has a value of 1.0 dBA at the threshold of hearing and 140 dBA at the thresh- old of pain. Each Interval of 10 decibels Indicates a sound energy ten times greater than before, which Is perceived by the human ear aa being roughly twice as loud. Therefore, a 1.0 decibel increase la juat audible whereaa a 10 decibel Increase means tha sound Is perceived as being twice as loud as before. Examples of the decibel level of various noise sources Include: the quiet rustle of leaves (10 dBA), a soft whisper (20 to 30 dBA), the hum of a small electric clock (40 dBA), mblent noise outdoors or a house kitchen (SO dBA), normal conversation (60 dBA), or a busy street (70 to 80 dBA). Equivalent sound levels are not measured directly but are calcu- lated from sound pressure levels typically measured In A-welghted decibels (dBA). The equivalent sound level (L.^) is the constant level that, over a given time period, transmrt* the same amount of acoustic energy as the actual time-varying sound. Equivalent sound levels are the basis for both the Lj„ and CNEL scales. Day-night average sound levels are a measure of the cumulative Thi -dn value results from a noise exposure of tha community. summation of hourly L^_'s over a 24-hour time period with an Increased weighting facxor applied to the nlghttino period be- tween 10:00 pm and 7iOO am. This noise rating scheme takes Into account those subjectively nore annoying noise events which occur during the normal sleeping hours. Connunlty Noise Equivalent Levels (CNEL) also carry a weighting penalty for noises that occur during the nighttime hours. In addition, CNBL levels include a penalty for noise events that occur during tha evening hours between 7iOO pm and 10:00 pm. Because of the weighting factors applied, CNEL values at a given location will always be larger than Lj. values, which In turn will exceed L.. values. However, CHEL values are typically within one decibBl of the day-night average sound level. Harmful Effects of Molse Approximately 20 million people in the United States currently have soma degree of hearing loss. In many of these cases, exposures to very loud, Impulsive or sustained noises caused damage to the Inner ear which was substantial even before a hearing loss was actually noticed. To prevent the spread of hearing loss, a desirable goal would be to minimize the number of noise sources whicb expose people to sound levels above 70 decibels. But hearing Impairment is only one of the harmful effects of noise on people. Noise can also cause other temporary physical and psychological responses In humans. The chronic recurrence of these physical reactions has been shown to aggravate headaches, fatigue, diges- tive disorders, heart disease, circulatory and equilibrium disor- ders. Moreover, as a source of stress, noise Is a contributory factor in stress-related ailments such as ulcers, high blood pressure and anxiety. Two other harmful effects of noise which ars commonly of concern involve speech Interference and the prevention or Intarrruptlon of sleep. Excessive background noises can reduce the amount and quality of verbal exchange and thereby Impact education, family lifestyles, occupational efficiency and the quality of recreation and leisure time. Speech Interference begins to occur at about 40 to 45 decibels and becomes severe at about 60 decibels. Back- ground noise levels affect performance and learning processes through distraction, reduced accuracy. Increased fatigue, annoy- ance and Irritability, and the Inability to concentrate (particu- larly when complex tasks are Involved or In schools where younger children exhibit Imprecise speech patterns and short concentra- tion spans). Several factors determine whether or not a particular noise event will interfere with or prevent sleep. These factors Include the noise level and characteristics, the stage of sleep, the Individ- ual's age, motivation to waken, and so forth. Ill or elderly people are particularly susceptible to nolse-lnduced sleep Inter- ference, which can occur when Intruding noise levels exceed the typical 35-45 decibel background noise level tn bedroons. Sleep prevention can occur when Intruding noise levels exceed SO dBA. Table 1 sunnarizes the potentially harmful effects of noise on sensitive noise receptors which ara discussed above. TABLE 1 HARNPUL BPFBCTS OF HOISB Effect Holse Levels At Which Harmful Effects Occur Prevention Or Interruption Of Sleep 35 - 45 dB(A) Speech Interference 50-60 dB(A) Extra Auditory Physiological Effects 65 - 75 dB(A) Hearing Loss 75 - 85 dB(A) Source: Calif. Dept. of Publlq Health Report to 1971 Legislature Land Uae Compatibility With Noise Some land uses are more tolerant of noise than others. For example, schools, hospitals, churches and residences are more sensitive to noise intrusion than commercial or Industrial acti- vities. As ambient noise levels affect the perceived amenity or llvablllty of a development, so too can the mismanagement of noise Impacts Impair the economic health and growth potential of a community by reducing the area'a desirability as a place to live, shop, and work. For this reason, land use compatibility with the noise environment Is an important consideration in the planning and design of naw developments. The City of Carlabad spaclflaa maximum daalrable interior noise levels of 45 decibels in living areas of resldentla-1 dwellings. Normal construction techniques generally provide a 20 dBA reduction from outside to inside noise levels. To achieve the standards set by the City of Carlsbad, exterior noise levels of 65 decibels are required for areas with single family residential and multiple family residential land use designations. Exterior noise levels below 65 decibels are also considered acceptable for commercial and office developments by the City of Carlsbad. When exterior noise levels reach 70 decibels, the area Is considered conditionally acceptable for commercial develop- ment, provided Interior noise levels do not exceed 45 decibels. Section 1092 of Title 25 of the California Administrative code Includes noise Insulation standards which detail specific re- quirements for new multl-famlly structures (hotels, motels, a- condoa, and other attached dwellings) located within the 60 CNEL contour adjacent to roads, railroads, rapid transit lines, air- ports or Industrial areas. An acoustic analysis Is required showing that these multl-Camily units have been designed to limit Interior noise levels with doors and windows closed to 45 CNBL In III i « f I I i I illl ii II li fi 11 tl ii I i lllviilllillllllii I I I I I I i f I I I I i I I any habitable room. Title 21 of the California Administrative Code (Subchapter 6, Article 2, Section 5014) also specifies that multl-famlly attached units Incorporate noise reduction featurea sufficient to assure that Interior noise levels In all habitable rooms do not exceed 45 GHBL. Current Noise Exposure The project area is currently aeml-rural In nature and vacant or developed with single family residences. Consequently, ambient noise levels on-site are relatively low. Daytime and nighttime noise levels currently fall between 45 dBA and 55 dBA. The project site is not impacted by noise generated by aircraft operations associated with Palomar Airport, although occasional overflights do occur. Despite projected Increases In aircraft operations at this airport, future noise levels are expected to be lower than current levels, due to federally mandated reduc- tions In aircraft engine noise. Motorboat noise has generated the most citizen noise complaints from residents living along the north shore of inner Ague Hedlon- da Lagoon. In response, the City has eatabllshed and enforced speed limits for boats on the lagoon. If further controls are warranted In the future, the City has the option of setting curfews or limiting the types of boats allowed on the lagoon. Ambient noise levels In the project area primarily result from traffic on adjacent streets. Noise from motor vehicles Is gener- ated by the engine vibrations, the Interaction between the tires and the road, and the exhaust system. Reducing the speed of motor vehicles reduces the noise exposure of listeners inside the vehicle and those located adjacent to the roadway. The highway traffic noise prediction model developed by the Federal Highway Administration (RO-77-108) and currently being applied throughout the nation was used to evaluate current noise conditions near the project site. This model accepts various parameters Including: the traffic volume} vehicle mix and apeedf and roadway geometry In computing equivalent noise levels during typical daytime, evening and nighttime hours. The resultant noise levels are then weighted, summed over 24 hours, and output as the CNEL value at the observer. Various CNEL contours are subsequently located through a series of computerized Iterations designed to isolate the 60, 65, 70 and 75 CNBL contour locations. Table 2 provides the current noise levels adjacent to roadways In the project vicinity. Assuming a standard noise reduction with distance factor of 4.5 dBA with each doubling, the distance to various noise contours used Cor land use compatlbllty purposes have also been determined, as shown In Table 2. Based on the noise levels shown In Table 2, none of the existing dwellings located In the project area are currently exposed to noise levels which exceed the noise guidelines specified by the City of Carlsbad. However, any new development in tha vicinity could generate higher noise levels by Increasing traffic volumes on the nearby roadways. TABLE 2 CURRBHT BXTBRIOR NOISE BXP0SUR8 ADJACBHT TO NEARBY ROADWAYS Location Current A.D.T. CNBL C. Diat. to Contours (ft.)^ 50 ft. 70 dBA 65 dBA El Comlno Real -at Kelly Dr. Kelly Drive -North of Perk Dr. Park Drive -West of Kelly Dr. 13,OOO 71.3 71 3,000 57.3 R-O-W 2,000 55.5 R-O-W 135 R-O-W 32 1. A.D.T. means average dally two-way traffic volume. 2. The CNBL value for Bl Camino Real la given at the right-of- way (63 feet from the centeriine). 3. All dlatancea ara measured from tha centeriine. R-O-W Indl- catea that the contour falls Inside the right-of-way. 3.0 ACOUSTIC IHPACrr ANALYSIS Approximately 10 percent of the population has such a low toler- ance for noise that they object to any noise not of their own making. Consequently, even In the quietest environment, some complaints will occur. Another 25 percent of the population will not complain even In very severe noise environments. Thi/s, a variety of reactions can be expected from people exposed to any given noise environment. Despite this, the population as a whole can be expected to exhibit the following responses to changes in noise levels: an increase or decrease of 1.0 dBA cannot be perceived except In carefully controlled laboratory experiments; a 3.0 dBA Increase Is considered just noticeable out side of the laboratory; an Increase o£ at least 5.0 dBA Is necessary before any noticeable change In community response (I.e. complaints) would ba expected. Short-Term Acoustic Impacts Short-term acoustic impacts are those associated with construc- tion activities necessary to extend Cannon Road across the site and construct the proposed residential and commercial land uses. These noise levels will be higher than the ambient noise levels in the project area today, but will subside once construction Is complete. They would occur with or without the proposed GPA since the site Is already designated for a similar development. Two types of noise Impact should be considered during the con- struction phase. First, the transport of workers and equipment to the construction site will incrementally Increase noise levels along the roadways leading to and from the site. The increase should not exceed 1.0 dB(A) when averaged over a 24-hour period, and should therefore be Inaudible to noise receptors located along tha roadways utilized for this purpose. Second, the noise generated by the actual on-site construction activities should be evaluated. Construction activities are carried out in discrete steps, each of which has Its own nix of equipment, and consequently Its own noise characteristics. These various sequential phases will change the character of the noise levels surrounding the con- struction site aa work progresses. Despite the variety in type and size of construction equipment, similarities in the dominant noise sources and patterns of operation allow noise ranges to be categorized by work phase. Figure 2 illustrates typical con- struction equipment noise ranges at a distance of 50 feet. The earth moving equipment category Includes excavating machinery (backhoes, bulldozers, shovels, trenchers, front loaders, etc.) and highway buildinq equipment (compactors, scrapers, graders, pavers, etc.). Typical operating cycles may involve one or two minutes of full power operation followed by three to four minutes Flgur* 2 Construction Noiso I 2 60 Front Loader Oozar Dragllna Backfiller 23 Scrapar/Grader Trucks Concrete Mixers Concrete Pumps Motor Crane Pun^s (Generators Compressors Hoist Levt1 (dBA) at 50 feat --- 70 80 _?0 : 100 110 Mote: Based on llmltsd Available Data Samples Source: EPA, 1971; "Noise from Construction Equipment and Operations, Building Equipment, and Hone Appliances". NTID300.1 Endo Engineering I i I i I i I I f I I f I liiiliiiiiliii i m 1 1 I il li ii il il llliii illlilll I ] at lower power settings. Holse levels at 50 Ceet from aarthmov- ing equipment range from 73 to 96 dB(A). The Environmental Protection Agency has found that the noisiest equipment types operating at construction sites typically range from 88 to 91 dB(A) at 50 feet. Although noise ranges were found to be similar for all construction phases, the erection phase (laying sub-base and paving) tended to be less noisy.' Noise levels varied fron 79 dB(A) to 89 dB(A) (energy average) at 50 feat during the erection phase of construction. Long-Term Acoustic Impacts The long-term acoustic Impacts associated with the propossd Gen- eral Plan Amendment will derive from increased motor vehicle usage by future residents and commercial patrons on-site, as well as delivery and maintenance vehicles destined for on-site devel- opment. Using these volumes and assuming a 4 percent truck mix, the ambient noise levels with and without the proposed project were projected. In this manner, the noise Increases associated with development per the General Plan Amendment were quantified. Table 3 provides the projected noise exposures adjacent to var- ious roadways in the study araa with development on-site per the existing General Plan designations. As shown therein, noise levels adjacent to Bl Camino Real will reach 73.2 CNBL at the right-of-way west of Cannon Road and 76.0 CNBL east of It. Con- sequently, residential development within 177 or 268 feet, re- spectively, would require noise barriers or setbacks to be con- sidered a conpatible use adjacent to El Camino Real. TABLE 3 FUTURB NOISE EXPOSURE ADJACENT TO NBARBV ROADWAYS HiTBOirr THE PROJECT Roadway (Speed) Projected CNEL 9 Contour Location (ft) 2 A.D.T. 50 ft.^ 70 dBA 65 dBA 60 dBA El Camino Real (55 mph) -Wsst of Cannon Rd. 20,000 73.2 89 177 375 -East of Cannon Rd. 38,000 76.0 129 268 574 Cannon Road (45 mph) -S. of Camino Real 14,000 70.5 53 103 217 Kelly Drive (25 mph) >N. of Park Dr. 6,000 60.3 R-O-W R-O-W 52 Park Drive (25 mph) -W. of Kelly Or. 5,000 59.5 R-O-W R-O-W 46 1. All noise levels are given In CNEL at the right-of-way or 50 feet, whichever Is larger. 2. All distances are measured in feet from the roadway center- line. R-Q-w indicates the contour falls in the right-of-way. Similarly, residential development within 103 feet of the Cannon Road centeriine would require acoustic shielding to be considered compatible with the acoustic environment. The school claasroons and play areas could be setback adequately by placing the parking areas next to Cannon Road and carefully designing the structural orientation. Table 4 provides the future noise levels In the project vicinity If the proposed General Plan Amendment were to be implemented. A comparison of Tables 3 and 4 shows the change In ambient noise levels associated with the proposed project. The noise Increase adjacent to El Camino Real and Kelly Drive In the vicinity will be less than 1.0 dBA and Inaudible to adjacent noise receptors. The 1.9 decibel noise increase expected adja- cent to Cannon Road would be audible under laboratory conditions but Inaudible in the semi-rural environment in which it will occur. A 1.0 dBA noise decrease will occur along park Drive. Since less than a 3.0 dBA noise Increese is generally considered to be inaudible outside of laboratory conditions, the impact of the project on ambient noise levels in the Immediate project vicinity should be insignificant and should not result In viola- tions of applicable state and local standards for ambient noise. The impact of the ambient noiss environment on the development envisioned on-site should also be considered. To properly assess this Issue, the distances to the 65 CNEL contours shown in Table 4 should be noted. Residential or commercial uses planned within these distances would require-noise barriers, setbacks, or other mitigation techniques to be considered a compatible use. TABLE 4 FUTURE NOISE EXFOSURB ADJACENT TO NEARBY ROADWAYS WITH TBB PROJECT Roadway (Speed) projected CNEL 8, A.D.T. 50 ft.^ Contour Location (ft)^ 70 dBA 65 dBA 60 dBA El Camino Real (55 mph) -West of Cannon Rd. -Bast of Cannon Rd. Cannon Road (45 mph) -S. of Camino Real Kelly Drive (25 mph) -N. of Park Dr. Park Drive (25 nph) -W. of Kelly Dr. 23,000 73.8 96 194 411 40,000 76.2 133 27B 594 22,000 72.4 68 137 292 5,000 59.5 R-O-W R-O-W 46 4,OOO 58.5 R-O-W R-O-W 40 1. All noise levels are given in CNBL at the right-of-way or 50 feet, whichever Is larger. 2. All distances are measured in feet from the roadway center- line. R-O-W indicates the contour falls In the right-of-way. 4.0 HXTIGATIOH MEASURES Molse Attenuation With Distance In an area which Is relatively flat and free of barriers, the noise level resulting from a single "point source" of noise drops by 6 decibels for each doubling of distance or 20 decibels for each factor of ten In distance. This applies to fixed noise sources such as Industries, refrlgeratlon/alr conditioning units, and bells at schools. It.also applies to Individual mobile noise sources such as an airplane, motorboat, train or Idling automo- bile. For a "line source" of noise, such as a heavily travelled road- way, the noise level drops off by a nominal value of 3.0 decibels for each doubling of distance between the noise source and noise receiver. Environmental conditiona such as the wind direction and speed, temperature gradients, tha characteristics of the ground (hard or soft) and the air (relative humidity), the pres- ence of grass, shrubbery and trees combine to Increase the actual attenuation achieved outside of laboratory conditions to 4.5 decibels per doubling of distance. In its "Noise Assessment Guidelines", the U.S. Department of Housing and urban Development uses a 4.5 decibel drop for each doubling of distance In assessing roadway noise. Thus, a noise level of 74.5 decibels at 50 feet from the highway centeriine would be attenuated naturally to 70.0 decibels at 100 feet, 65,5 decibels at 200 feet, 61.0 decibels at 400 feet and so forth. This 4.5 decibel reduction with doubling of distance was applied throughout the analyses In this report. General Methods to Reduce Noise Impacts There are several basic techniques available to minimize the adverse effects of noise on sensitive noise receivers. Classical engineering principles suggest controlling the noise source when- ever feasible and protecting the noise receptors when noise source control nessurea are Inadequate. Many of the noise source control mechanisms ars being applied by State and Federal govern- ments. Acoustic site planning, architectural design, acoustic constructton techniques and the erection of noise barriers ara all affective nethods for reducing nolae Impacts when source control mechanisms are insufficient to achieve desired results. Acoustic site planning Involves the careful arrangement of land uses, lots and buildings to minimize intrusive noise levels. The placement off noise compatible land uses between the roadway and more sensitive uses is an effective planning technique. The use of buildings as noise barriers, and their orientation away from the source of noise, can shield sensitive activities, entrances and common open space areas. Clustered and planned unit develop- 10 ments can maximize the amount of open space available for land- scaped buffers next to heavily travailed roadways and thereby allow aesthetic residential lot setbacks In place of continuous noise barriers. Acoustic-architectural design Involves the Incorporation of noise reducing strategies In the design and lay-out of individual structures. Building heights, room arrangements, window size and placement, balcony and courtyard design, and the provision of air conditioning all play an Important role In shielding noise sensi- tive activities from Intruaive noise levels. Acoustic construction Is the treatment of various parts of a building to reduce interior nolae levels. Acoustic wall design, doors, ceilings and floors, as well aa denaa building materials, the use of acoustic windows (double glazed, double paned, thick, non-openable, or small with air-tight seals) and the inclusion of maximum air spaces in attics and walls are all available options. Noise barriers are relatively easy to design and Inexpensive. Consequently, they ara often used IndlscrimInantly in place of the techniques diacussed above. Hence developments where each road la bordered by six foot block walls behind which residences are protected- from excessive noise levels. Ideally, noise barriers Incorporate the placement off berms, walls or a combina- tion of the two In conjunction with appropriate landscaping to effect an aesthetically pleasing environment. Where space Is ^''ff tflu't'r*'* davelopmenta) a meandering earth berm is both effective and pleasing. Where spacs Is restricted, a wall is effective. In either ease, however, thick landscaping (with- out deciduous plants) should be specified to reduce the visual Impact of the barrier and retain the rural ambiance. Specific Recom—ndationa The following mitigation measures hava been selected for Incor- poration In the project to minimize noise Impacts: 1. Construction activities will take place only during daylight hours to reduce noise impacts during more sensitive time periods. 2. The use and proper maintenance off noise reducing devices on construction equipment will minimize construction-related noise. 3. Although traffic noise Increases along Park Drive and Kelly Drive resulting from the project nay be audible no mitigation measures are required or proposed to reduce traffic noise along these routes since current noise levels are quite low. 4. Truck access, parking araa design and air conditioning/re- frigeration units will be carefully designed and evaluated at ll i 1 lllli iilllli 11 li 11 ffl li li 11 K m i I I iliiiiliiiliii Ililililililil 1 I I 5. more detailed planning stages to minimize the potential for Impacts to adjacent developments and Insure compliance with the City Noise Element and Noise Ordinance. More detailed acoustic analyses will be performed at more detailed levels of planning (as specified by State law) to Insure that all State and City acoustic attenuation require- ments are mot. APPENDIX 12 Vehicle Nix and Temporal Distribution Assumed (Percent of A.D.T.) Vehicle Type Daytime Evenings Nighttime Total• Automoblles 72. 48 11.04 12.48 96.00 Medium Trucks 1. 81 0.2B 0.31 2.40 Heavy Trucks 1. 21 0.18 0.21 1.60 Total 75. SO 11.50 13.00 100.00 Tha vehicle mix assumed was taken from San Dlego County statis- tics which show an average regional truck mix of 4.0 percent. This value was verified through CalTrans. CalTrans also provided the truck distribution by axle (60 percent 2-axle medium trucks and 40 percent 3, 4 and 5-axle heavy trucks. The temporal distribution was derived from Wyle Laboratories Research Report WCR 73-8, published In December of 1973. That report Is entitled "Development off Ground Transportation Systems Noise Contours for the San Dlego Region*. It speclffles that nighttime traffic comprises 13 percent of the A.D.T. and daytime plus evening traffic represents 87 percent of the A.D.T.. The breakdown of this 87 percent Into 75.S percent daytime and 11.5 percent evening flows was accomplished using regional 24-hour traffic volume statistics. 11 »1 11 li ii li il il i « ii 11 li i| li li il i Ifl I i i i i i i i i i i i i j lit 3j CO O > I- > z > r- -< CO CO > •D z Q X o iiifiliiiliiilliii ililililililil APPENDIX O FISCAL IMPAC:T ANALYSIS or THB PROPOS KELLY RANCH QBHBRAL PLAH AHEHDHBNT Intfoduetion ... The purpose of this analysis is to estimate the potential fiseal Impact attributable to development of KeUy Ranoh, a 433-aore planned oommunity in the Rancho Agua Hedionda area of Carlsbad. Proposed fw development in the projeet are 1,602 dweUing units on 122.9 acres, a neighborhood commeroiel center on 13.7 acres, and oommercUQ recreation uses on 3.1 acres. Approximately 91 acres of the total project area are located within the City of Carbbad. The remainder of the project area, 342 acres. Is unincorporated and is proposed for annexation to Carlsbad. The analysis contained In this report gauges the Impect of proposed development and annexation on the operating expenditures and revenues of the City of Cartsbad. Projeoted monetary impacts are predleated on fuU build-out conditions In the project area and are expressed in terms ol 1983 dollars without adjustment for Inflation. Ttte impact of the project on the Clty^ capital budget Is not evaluated because no net fiscal impact Is anticipated. The project developer wlU be required to provide aU onsite piAlic fsclUtles and improvements, according to City staff. AdditlMwlly, the developer wUl be required to pay a pubUo faoiUUes fee equal to two percent of the assessed market value development. Ttdi fee revenue wUl be used to defray the expense of off-site faculties needed to serve the projeot area and other communities. Nor Is the projeet eipected to have any net fiscsl Impeat on City water and sewer services. These services are fuUy fimded from fees and charges paid by the users. A summary of fiscal Impacts on the City^ operating budget Is provided below. This summary is foUowed by a description of the methodology and essumptlons used to forecast costs and revenues. Summary Ilie nscal Impect attributable to future development of KeUy Ranch is [»-esented in Table 1. Upoo fuU development, the projeot area Is expected to produce annual revenues of $850,900 and to Inerease annual City service costs by $925,600, yielding an estimated net Impect of a $25,300 revenue surplus. The primary reason for the projected revenue surplus relates to the projected levels of pn^ty tax end soles tax. Owing to IU favwable geographical and environmental settii«, the project areata residential land and product values are expeoted to be relatively high. AdditionaUy, development of a sizable eommereial center conUlnlng almost 150,000 square feet ot reUU floor araa is planned. The size of the center should be of sufficient size to enable tenants to "capture" a high [voportlon of local resident expenditures on convenience goods and services. Table 1 Fiscal Impact Attributable to FuU Development ot the Project Area (1983 DoUars) City Operating Revenue Souree Annual Revenue Property Tax $609,500 Sales Tax 132.500 Business License Tax 2,500 Population-Based Revenue 111,900 Development-Based RevMHie 94.500 Total $950,900 City OperetlnfC Service Annual Cost Qeneral Oovemment $104,300 PoUoe 191,300 Fire 139,600 BuUdliv Safety 29,800 Development Services S3.800 Maintenance 132,900 Library 109,100 Parks and Recreation 164,800 Total $925,600 ANNUAL SURPLUS $25,300 MARKET VALUB OF PROPBRTY AND PROPERTY TAX R8VBNUE Residential Property Value Commercial Property Value According to several real estate brokers in North County, land values In ivbanlsed areas avwage between $200,000 and $400,000 per improved acre toe commercial use depending upon the type of commercial developmuit. Land values are relatively high ($300,000 to $400,000) in Sizable shopping centers becsuse consoUdation of retaU outlets in a single location draws more customers than "stand-alone" outlets or "strip-type" commerciel. For purposes of projecting commercial land values in the projeet aree, the foUowing per-ecre estimates are used: $350,000 for the (Nroposed neighborhood commercial center (13.7 acres) and $300,000 for planned commercial recreation uses (3.2 acres). The property value of structural Improvements Is estimated on the twsis of per- squsre foot construction cost taken from MarshaU Valuation Service PubUcatlons as foUows: Cost Per Square Foot Construction Class. Type Commercial, A-B, Average 1981 Estimate $34.27 1983 Estimate $41.00 Because the MarshaU estimate ($34.2?) la for 19B1, the esUmate used In this study ($41.00) is updated at an annual rate of 10% to refleot inflationary cost increases since pubUcation ot the MarshaU estimate. The conatruetlon cost estimate for 1983 Is then multipUed by square footage estimates to derive the value of commercial property improvements. The proposed neighborhood eommereial center vriU contain an estimated 149,000 square feet ot floor area (see next section on RetaU Sales Volume for basis of estimate). It Is assumed that the area proposed for commercial recreation wlU contain a 4,000 square foot recreation faelUty (e.g., raoquetbaU, fitness center), and 600 square feet of retail use (e.g., concession, pro shop). Shown In Table 2 is the projected market value ot eommereial property. Residential property values wiU depend upon home prices charged by the developer and wiU undoubtedly vary by housing type and location within the project area. Because product types and prices ore unknown at this time. It is assumed tor study purposes only that the average price ot a home sold In the project area wlU be $200,000. Althou^ this price is substantiaUy higher than the current countywide average new home price of about $129,000, the geogrephlcal and environmenul setting of the project area should command premium housing prices in the market. Tables Project Area Estimated Market Value ot Property at Build-out Land Land Ose Neighborhood Commercial eommereial Recreation Residential Acres Value Property Improvements Square Feet of Floor Area 13.7 3.2 132.9 $4,795,0001 640,000^ 149,200 4,600 Toral Total Value $6,118,200 188,6003 Market Value $10,912,200 $828,600 $320,400,QQQ4 $332,140,800 1 $350,000 per imf^ved acre. 2 $200,000 per Improved acre. 3 $41 per squaro foot of floor area. 4 1,602 dweUing unltsat $200,000 per unit. Some 1,602 dweUlng units are proposed tor development. At an average price ot $200,000 per unit, the total market value ot residential property, Including land and Improvements, is thus estlmatedat $320.4 million. Market Value by Jurisdiction The project ares encompasses alxHit 433 acres, ot which 91 are located within existing City boundaries and 343 faU within the County unincorporated area. PreUminary projeot plans caU for development of 480 dweUing units within current City Umits.l In addition, roughly one-half of the area proposed for neighborhood 1 Corresponds to preUminary development areas 1, 2, and 3. i 1 Illl r I f I i i Hi ffi f I II II I illl i i m I I I t i I I I 1 i I I I I I I Illlilll lllli I t 1 commercial development is within current City Umits. Table 3 gives the estimated market value of property of the project ares by current Incorporated end unincorporated areas. Although the unincorporated arsa of the projeot area Is proposed tor annexation to the City of Carlsbad, the diaposltloa ot property tax revenue after annexation wlU differ between current unincorporated and incorporated portions ot the project area, as discussed below. TABLE 3 PROJBCT AREA PROJECTED MARKET VALUB OF PROPBRTY BY EXISTINO JURISDICTION AND ANNUAL PROPERTY TAX REVENUE AFTER ANHBXATION Maricet Value of Property Residential Neighborhood Commercial Commercial Recreation bicorporated $98,000,0001 5,456,100 0 $101,456,100 Unincorporated $234,400,000 5,458,100 828.600 $230,684,700 Property Tax Revenue Total Annual Property Tax Revenue (1% of Market Value) $3,321,408 City of Carlsbad's Share: Annual Tax Revenue $609,547 Pwcent of Total Revenue 18.4% Incorporated $1,014,561 $240,451 23.7% Unincorporated $2,306,847 $389,096 16.0% 1 480 dwelUng units at $200,000 per unit. Total Property Tax Revenue The general tax levy Is 1% of the assessed market value of property. The taxes paid by the property owners In on area are distributed to pubUc agencies serving that area based on a complex rorrouls. Under the formula, the percentage of property tax revenue that a particular taxing agmcy receives from an area depends upon the tax rate area (TRA) In which property Is located. UM project la located In TRAs 9000, 9013, and 62006. TRAs 9000 and 9013 ara located in the CHty ot Carlsbad which receives approximately 23.7% ot the Increase (increment) property tax revenue from these two TRAs. Tlw City currently receives no property taxes trom TRA 62006 which Is presently unincorporated. The County receives 33.4% ot taxes generated by thia TRA. Pursuant to a Master Property Tax Transfer Agreement, the City receives 48% ot tlM County^ share ot annual property tax Increments from unincorporated, undeveloped areas that are annexed to the City. This would mean that the City, after annexing the unincorporated portion of the project area, would receive 16% (48% times 33.4%) of the increase In tax revenue generated by the annex. The 1% tax levy in the project area would generate annual revenue of over $3.3 miUion after development is complete, as shown In Table 3. The City of Carlstwd^ share of this amount vrould be almost $610,000 annuaUy, taking Into account the propwty tax dtotrfiHttlon percentages identlHed above and assuming the unincorporated portion of the projeot area la annexed prior to its development. The balance of propwty tax revenue would accrue to other taxli^ agencies hsvlng service responsUitUty In the project area. RetaU Sales Volume end Sales Tax Revenue A neighborhood eommereial center Is proposed for development on 13.7 acres. RetaU stores wlU ooct4>y 149,200 square feet ot floor area, assuming a buUdlng-t»- land coverage ratio ot 25%. bi addition, an estimated 600 square feet of commercial rataU (concession and smaU retaU outlet) wlU t>e conatrticted as part ot proposed recreational uses in the project ares. Total retaU floor area Is thus estimated to be 149,800 square feet. Based on the experience of commercial developments in westem states of the U.S., the typical neighborhood shopping center generates annual retaU sales of $145 per square foot of floor area.l A neighbOThood sho^iing center Is comprised of tenants engaged in the sale of convenience goods and personal services such as food, groceries, <fe-ugs, beauty care, hardware, cleaning, casual wear, deU, and smaU household accessories. For some retatt outlets sales volume is hlffii (e.g., food stres) whUe for other tenants the sales volume per square foot is relatively low (e.g., variety stores). The $14S f^ure is the average of oU tenants typicaUy found in neighborhood centers. In the absence ot information on the actual types ot stores that might locate In the project area, it Is assumed that the sales performance of tha project area wUl average $145 per square foot of retaU floor area. Retail sales volume is thus estimated to be $21,721,000 annuaUy. Food purchased for home consumption, prescription medicine, newspapers, end many services ara exempt from taxation. In CaUfornia, tax exempt Items account tor 39% ot the total dollar value of sales.2 Accordingly, it Is sssumed that only 61% ot reUU ssles generated by the project area wiU be subject to the 6% state sales tax. The city of Carlsbad receives sUghtly less than one-sixth ot total sales taxes paid within City Umits. Taxable retaU sales are thus projected to be $13,249,810 annuaUy IQKNI completion of commeralal development In the project area. Total sales tax revenue is estimated to be $794,887 annuaUy and the City of Carlsbad^ share is computed at $132,498 annually. The above computations ore shown In Table 4. 1 DoUar and Cents of Shopping Centers: 1981, the Urban Land Institute, Washington, D.C.. 1981, Tables 5-12 and 6-12, pps. 122 and 172. 2 Taxable Sales in CaUfornia, State Board of EquaUzation, 1980, Fourth Quarter, p. 36. 1 11 iiiiiiiiiili TABLE 4 PROJBCT AREA PROJECTED RETAIL SALES, TAXABLE SAKES, AND SALES TAX REVENUE Square Feet of RetaU Floor Area Annual RetaU Sales Pw Square Foot Total Annual ReUU Sales Taxable Annual ReUll Sales (61% of Total RetaU Sales) Total Annual Sales Tax Revenue (6% of Taxable ReUU Sales) City of Carlsbad Annual Soles Tax Revenue (1/6 of Total Soles Tax Revenue) Proposed Project $149,800 $145 $21,721,000 $13,249,810 $794,967 $132,498 OTHER CTTY RBVBHOB Business License Tox The City levies a business Ucence tax which Is primarily based on the annual gross recelpU of an individual business. In the absence of Information on the number, gross receipts, and type of tananU that wUl locate In project area, business Ucense tax revenue Is projected on the basis of acreage devoted to commercial, office, and industrial uses. Currently, there are on estimated 1,846 ocresl of non-residential devetopment within the City, which generate business Ucense tax revenue of $275,000 annuaUy (1983-63 budget estimate) or about $149 per year per acre. At a rote of $149 per acre, the project area would generate business Uoense tax revenue of about $2,500 per year (I.e., 16.9 acres of commercial use). Population-Based Revenue Sources A number erf City revenue sources vary primarily as a function of population growth. Two of these revenue sources, cigarette tax and gas tax, are sUte I See Table 5, footnote 2 for souree ot daU. li ffi li ffi VI li li I 1 illtlliliillliliii Ililliiililiii I I I subventions (state-coUected, locally-shared) that ore aUocated to local govemments cm the basis of formulae incorporating many factors; but the population level of local Jurisdictions Is weighted heavUy in these formulae. The foUowii^ revenue sources are considered to be population-based and wiU Increase due to residential development within the project area: Revenue Source Cigarette Tax Amtndonce Fees Library Pees Recreation Fees Swimming Pool Fees Fines and FwfeiU Gas Tax Total Revenue Amount (1982/83 City Estimate) $120,000 50.000 10,000 181,000 50,000 255,000 407,000 $1,073,000 The current popuUtion of the City ot Carlsbad is approxlroately 37,000 persons and the average per ca^U revenue amount for the s^ve revenue sourees Is $29. Upon buUdout, the project area wlU have an esUmated population of 3,860 persons (1,602 housiiv uniU Umes on average taml^ size ot 2.41 persons).! These residents would generate additional City revenue of $111,900 based on the current average per coplU revenue of $29.00. Development-Based Revenue Development-t)esed revenue souroes are Impected by both residential and non- residential development activities within Carl^d. These revenues include the foUowing: t Current city-wide average family size. Revenue Source Construction Pwmlts Zoning and Subdivision Fees Plancheck Pees Englneerlrv Fees Property Transfer Tax Franchise Tax Total Revenue Amount (1982/83 City Estimate) $300,000 80,000 345,000 200,000 100,000 350.000 $1,375,000 The first four revenue sources above vary directly with the annual chonge in development ootlvity. The property transfer tax is a tax on the sale of property and the level of revenue can be expected to rise with the Increase In the total amount of development in the City. Franchise tax revenue Is largely derived from o tax on the sole of UtUities and the level of revenue rises with the Increase in the number of residential and non-resldentlol customers. To forecast the amount of additional revenue that would be generated by the project area, equivalent dwelling uniU (EDUs) are used. (See discussion and calculations below in section on City Service Costs.) Currently, Carlsbad contains an estimated 24,582 EDUs. which is a aln^e roeosurament that Indicotes or approximates the combined amount ot residential and non-residential development. The current annual revenue amount per EDU te about $56 for the above development-based revenue source. The projeot area will ultimately contain 1,687 EDUs (see Table 6), which would generate development-based ravenue of $94,500 annuaUy, assuming $56 per EDO. It should be noted that thte estimating method proti^ly undersutes revenue attributable to development of the project orea, tiecause it assumes thot level of development fee revenue (e.g., tMdldlng permits, ^an chedc fees, ete.) per existing EDO In tlw Cl^ WlU be the soma for new EDUs constructed in the project area. New development, however, produces more fee revenue p» housing unit, for example, thon previously constructed units. City Service Costs The method used below to quantify annual operating and maintenance costs recognizes that City operating services are impacted by both residential and non- residential development. Because existing budgetii^ procedures do not deUneate cosU by sector - residential, eommereial, and office - fiscal Impacts attributable to eoch sector are estimated indirectly using equivalent dwelUng uniU (EDUs). The estimation procedure involves calculating the current average costs ot these services on a per dweUing unit baste. Each extetlng dwelUng unit in Carlsbad te considered as one unit for purposes of municipal service provtelon. In addition, non-resld«)tial developed acreage te converted Into EDU's at a rate of five EDUs p«- sore of office, oommercial, and industrial uses.^ To estimate future annual operating cosU, the toUl EDUs ottrlbuUbte to futura development In the project orea are calculated. Then the average current cost per extetlng EDU within the City te appUed to the EDU figure calculated for the project area, to produce an estimated annual cost of future service provteion attributable to the project. Puture ongoing service costs are thus projected on the assumption that current City service levate wiU be maintained In the future tor both the residential and non-residential sectors. The daU used to calculate the current EDU count In the City of Carlstwd is shown in Table 5. The number of EDUs planned for the project area te shown in Tabie 6. Multiplying the current city wide cost per EDU for City services (see Table 7) by the EDU count for the project oreo yields the totol cost estimates indicated In Toble 8. Librory ond park/recreation services are treated differently beceuse the operating costs of these services ara not signlflcantly impacted by nonHresidentioI development. Population te the best Indicator of demand tor these services. The current overage cost per capiU in Corlsbad te $28.27 for librory service (1982-83 estimated expenditures of $1,046,000 divided by 37,000 persons) and $42.70 for park/recreation services ($1,580,000 divided by 37,000 persons). These per caplU omounts are multipUed by 3,860l persons who ore expected to reside in the project 1 Thte conversion rote is widely occepted as a standord for fteoal impact purposes. Por example, it te used by (1) Association of Bay Area Qovernments (Cost- Revenue Impact System), and (2) San Diego Associotion ot Qovernments. 1 Computed as the product ot 1,602 planned dweUing units times the current average . 11 t 1 area upon completlm of development. Thus, estimated annual costs for Ubrary end porks/recreotlon services attributable to fuU development of the project area are estimated at $109,100 and $164,800, recpectlvely. Total city service costs attributable to development of the project orea ore estimated at $925,600 ennuoUy, as Indicated hi Table 8. TABLE 5 CITY OF CARLSBAD EXISTINQ EQUIVALENT DWBLUNQ UNTTS (EDUs) Housli« Units (15,352) Office, Commercial, and Industrial Development (5 EDUs per area) Total 24,582 1 Source: "City of Carlsbad SUttetical DaU." Researeh/Analyste Group, City of Cortobod, p.2. 2 Source: SANDAG Series VI PreUminory Forecasts; Estimate of 9,230 EDUs te twsed on 1,846 ocres, which te on interpolation of the 1980 actual non-residentiol development ocreoge of 1.681 ond the 1990 forecast ot 2,278 acres. TABLE S PROJECT AREA PROJECTED EQUIVALENT DWELUNG UNITS Housing UniU (1.602) Commercial (16.9 ocres) Total EDUs 85 ITSST famUy size in Cortebod of 2.41 persons. Viliiiiliiiii ff 1 11 fl 11 li 11 1 11 I 11 II i i i i I I i i I i J I I I I I I i I i I I I « ! I i Service TABLE 7 CITY OP CARLSBAD CURRENT ANNUAL OPERATING COSTS PER EDU 1982-83 Estimated Expenditure^ Oenerol Govemment PoUoe Fire Building Deportment Development Services Maintenance Total $1,520,000 2,787,000 2,034,000 434,000 784,000 1.936.000 $W|55ir Cost Per ExtettiMC EDU $81.83 113.38 82.74 17.68 31.89 386.26 (3I?35 1 Figures taken from 1983-1984 Budget (after manager^ ohaiwes). DoUor omounU rounded to nearest $1,000. TABLE 8 ESTIMATED ANNUAL CITY SERVICE COSTS ATTRIBUTABLE TO FuU DEVELOPMENT OF THB PROJECT AREA Service Oenerol Government PoUce Fire BuUding Department Development Services Maintenance Library Porks and Recreotion ToUl Coat $1537300 191,300 139,600 29,800 53.800 133,900 109,100 184.800