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Home My WebLink About3151; Palomar Airport Road Widening; Cultural Resource Testing for Palomar Airport Road Widening; 1988-08-01CULTURAL RESOURCE TESTING AT SITE SDI-10876 FOR PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS ALONG PALOMAR AIRPORT ROAD CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA Prepared for aty of Carlsbad 2075 Las Palmas Olsbad, CaUfomia 92008 Prepared by: WESTEC Services, Inc. 5510 Morehouse Dirive San Diego, CA 92121-1709 Project No. 34737.320 Deihiis GaUegos Andrew Pignieno Projea manager Associate Archaeologist August 1988 il Ill ABSTRACT Ml ^ A test to determine site inq)ortance as per the Califomia Environmental (JuaUty Aa (CEQA) fOT culmral resource SDi-10876 was conducted by WESTEC Services, Inc in August of 1988. This test included delineating of site boundaries, depth, content integrity and the potential fOT the data from this site to address important research questions. In aU, nine * shovel test pits (STP's), one 1x1 m unit and backhoe trenching were completed. Artifacts • include 1 bowl fragment, 2 manos, 1 metate. 1 flake tool, 36 flakes, 105 pieces of angular Ml waste, 11 ceramic fiagments, 11,923 grams of sheU and 65 bone fragments. Disttutance li indicated in the test uiut and the snatigraphy identified during trenching clearly shows this "site" represents recent fiU redeposited fiom a late prehistoric sheU midden. Because of the ^ disturbed nature of the deposit. SDi-10876 does not represent an important cultural resource under (CEQA. M m m MM m TABLE OF CONTENTS SECTION TFTLE ABSTRACrr PAGE i 1 1.1 1.2 INTRODUCTION Project Description and L(x;ation Environmental Setting 1-1 1-1 1-1 MH m m 2 2.1 2,2 3 3.1 3.2 3.3 4.1 4,2 BACKGROUND DATA (Cultural History Previous Research METHODS AND RESULTS Field Methods Lab Methods Testing Results SITE IMPORTANCE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION OF IMPACTS Site Inqx)rtance Impaas and Mitigation of Inq)acts REFERENCES CITED 2-1 2-1 2- 1 3- 1 3-1 3-1 3-3 4-1 4- 1 5- 1 LIST OF FIGURES NUMBER TTTT.E PAfiE 1 Regional Location of Projea Site 1-2 2 Location of Site SDi-10876 as Shown on tiie USGS Encinitas and San Luis Rey 7.5' (^adrangle 1-3 3 Site Boundaries. Unit STP's and Trenches at SDi-10876 3-2 4 Profiles Showing Stratigraphy of NorthwaUs of Trenches A and B at Site SDi-10876 3-6 11 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) LIST OF TABLES NUMBER TITLE PAGE 3-1 SDI-10876 Shovel Test Pit Results 3-4 3-2 SDi-10876 Unit Excavation Results 3-5 iii i- SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION Ml 1.1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION AND LOCATION mm m The following report presents the results of an archaeological test of site SDi-10876 by WESTEC Services. Inc. fOT the City of Carlsbad. The record searches were conducted at " the Soutii Coastal Information Center, San Diego State University and tiie San Diego •I Museum of Man provided background information on the site and olher sites wilhin the m region. Testing was conducted to determine if sile SDi-10876 is an important cultural ^ resource under (CEQA. Important culmral resources need to be either avoided OT impacts ^ mitigated through a data recovery progrant Non-important cultural resources need not be addressed as to impacts or mitigation of impacts. As presentiy plarmed, road and stream ^ chaimel in^wovements wiU cul through a portion of SDi-10876. * Sile SDi-10876 is located soudi of Palomar Airport Road, just north of a seasonal drainage * in (Canyon de las Encinas. wilhin an unsectioned portion of the Agua He(Uonda land grant m in the (City of (Carlsbad. CaUfomia (Figures 1 and 2). •i ^ 1.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING •i SDi-10876 is simaled on a low terrace in Canyon de las Encinas at an elevation of 110 feet *" above mean sea level (MSL). Waler is seasonaUy available in the drainage on the southem end of the site. Vegetauon on site consists of mustard, ihisties, castor bean and other * herbaceous weeds indicative of disturbed areas. Adjacent to the site arc native Live Oak * trees and a narrow band of native riparian vegetation along the drainage. The site area is disturbed by fiU activities. The vegetation suggests that the surface has been graded. PUes M of asphalt and soU have been dumped on the site and the bases of several nearby trees indicate they have been covered by fiU. FUl terraces are present along the drainage. m 1-1 HI M ii 4« *» SAN* ONOFRE L.—y^._._._._._ ________ FALLBROOK PROJECT SITE I WARNER LSPRINOS lUimliam T -WX^ \ VISTA OCEANSII O Lake Wohlford ESCONDIDO I Sulhwlind Lakt^ JULIMT RAMONA n > DEL MAF LAJOLL^ SANTEE I LAMES LoMlmd Ramrvoir rSAN. P0IN1 LOM« ^DIEGO ^NATIONAL CITV WIST/ Bamii Ukt .DULZURA 0(«y IMPERIAL^ BEAC^ Regional Location of Project Site FIGURE 1 WESTEC Servicet, Inc. Location of Site SDi-10876 as Shown on the USGS Encinitas and San Luis Rey 7S CKiadrangles FIGURE m WESTEC Services, Inc. SECTION 2 BACKGROUND DATA 2.1 CULTURAL HISTORY San Diego County was occupied by at least three majOT cultural groups. The San Dieguito are generaUy accepted as the first inhabitants of die region entering San Diego County drca 9.000 years ago. The next culmral pattems defined are the La JoUa-Pauma. These are believed to be regional manifestations of a single cultural group that existed from about 8.500 to 1.500 years ago. The La JoUa-Pauma culmre was foUowed by die late prehistoric peoples and ethnographic Kumeyaay/Northem Diegueno and Luiseno who occupied the area into historic times. A more detaUed discussion is available upon request at WESTEC Services. Inc. 2.2 PREVIOUS RESEARCH Site SDi-10876 was first recorded in 1987 during a survey fOT die proposed widening of Palomar Auport Road ((Cheever and GaUegos 1987). The site was described as a sheU midden with approximately 20 fragments of Uthic debitage on die surface. ShcU was very abundant on the site surf ace and was dominated by CWo/ie sp. and Argopecten sp. No collections were made. Site size was estimated to be 150 m E/W by 100 m N/S. Indications of a subsurface deposit were noted in erosional cuts. Heavy disturbance was noted along the north and eastem perimeter of the site. 2-1 in SECTION 3 METHODS AND RESULTS 3.1 FIELD METHODS Field work was conducted by Andrew Pigniolo, Steven H. Briggs and Dennis GaUegos on July 22, 25 and 29. The site area was relocated through field survey. North-south and east-west lines were set up from a central datum using a Brunton compass. A total of nine STP's were excavated in 10 cm levels to determine site boundary. Two of the STP's were excavated off of the cardinal access Unes to better define the boundary (Figure 3). A 1x1 m test unit was also excavated to identify site content, integrity and stratigraphy. The unit was excavated in standard 10 cm levels paraUel to surface contour. AU soU was SCTcened through 1/8 inch hardware cloth. Because of the disturbance at this site, only bivalve hinges, smaU gastropcxis and sheU greater than 1 cm in size was coUected during the screening process. When sterUe soil was reached, an STP was excavated in the UOOT of the imit to ensure that layering had not obscured a lower cultural midden and to check site sttatigraphy. Backhoe ttenching was used to obtain a stratigraphic profUe of the site. Only diagnostic artifacts were coUected during trenching. Two trenches beginning on the west (Trench A), outside the site, and moving to the east (Trench B) crosscutting the site were excavated, 3.2 LAB METHODS Artifacts recovered during testing were taken to WESTEC Services archaeological laboratory for washing and cataloguing using standard archaeological procedures. SheU and artifacts were washed, dried, and sorted into artifaa classes for cataloging. Cultural material was catalogued according to provenience and class of artifact Each artifact class with the same provenience was assigned a consecutive catalogue number and described on a master catalogue sheet 3-1 If 11 ii il il il il if il il «i il Cl ffl ffl II il ii i PALOMAR AIRPORT ROAD site Boundaries, Unit, STP's and Trenches at SDI-10876. FIGUR 3 3.3 TESTING RESULTS Five of the STP's were positive indicating the presence of a subsurface component to a minimum depth of 40 cm (Table 3-1). Site boundary was defined using the aeek and negative STP's in(Ucating areas without cultural material. Disturbance was noted in most of the STP's in the form of recent ttash and gravel. The 1x1 m unit was excavated to a depth of 80 cm and an STP was excavated 40 cm deeper to examine sttatigraphy. This unit produced abundant shellfish remains totaling 11,511 grams as weU as 10 fragments of Tizon Brown Ware ceramics, 136 flakes and angular waste, 1 flaked tool, 1 bowl fragment, and 2 fragments of groundstone (Table 3-2). A Late Period component at site SDi-10876 is indicated by the presence of ceramics. Historic material was noted throughout the unit and includes glass, metal, plastic and wcxxl, as weU " as road gravel. m i" Historic inttusives recovered from the unit include a grease containa*. often associated widi m m m m m m heavy earth moving equipment This container was located in the sidewaU at a depth of approximately 40 an. Although rodent burrows were present throughout the unit, mustard twigs and grass, as weU as soU mottling, were observed evenly distributed throughout each level. A compact chunk of clay showing the impression of a metal track, such as those on constmction equipment, was observed in the 60-70 cm level. A sidewaU profile of the unit also suggested layering related to earth moving. The bottom of the nudden deposit consisted of a mottied orange sandy clay subsoU which showed no integration with the soU above. This soil gradation is present with normal soU development Below the dark midden and layer of mottied subscnl, the STP revealed topsoU layers similar to thc soU west of the site. The results of the excavation identify the subsoU layer and the midden deposit above this layer as recent fiU material possibly removed fiom another part of Carlsbad and placed at this locaUty. Backhoe trenching was conducted to assess stratigraphic integrity. Native soU layers were ttaced from a lower elevation outside the westem site boundary and excavated east under the midden and subsoU deposits, The trenching revealed that the native subsoU and topsoU were buried by 1 to 2 m of fiU (Figure 4), 3-3 il il ii il il il 11 ffi il VI ffl ffi 11 ffl li li II II i I Table 3-1 SDi-10876 SHOVEL TEST PrT RESULTS Uvel 1 STP 2 2 3 Level 1 2 STP 3 3 4 5 Uvel 1 STP 4 2 3 Level 1 2 STP 5 3 4 5 Uvel 1 STP8 4 5 6 Total ARUFACTTYPE Mano 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 Hammerstone 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Flakes 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 3 Angular Waste 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 Ceramics 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 1 Shell (grams) 14.2 3.6 0 66 67.9 77.4 34.3 50.1 2.9 0.5 0.6 12.3 26.5 26.2 29.4 15.7 0.1 28.6 1.1 0.1 411.9 Bone 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 Historic 12 I 14 0 1 7 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 3 2 3 43 Fire Affected Rock 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 2 0 0 0 0 0 4 Total Artifacts 0 0 0 1 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 3 0 0 8 ii ii ii II II 11 11 il il ti ffl ffl ii 11 ii il lill) Table 3-2 SDi-10876 UNIT EXCAVATION RESULTS UNITl Level 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Total ARTIFA(CTTYPE Bowl Fragment 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Mano 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Metate 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 Flake Tool 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 1 Flakes 3 3 4 4 2 8 6 3 33 Angular Waste 12 7 20 9 12 13 22 8 103 Ceramics 1 2 4 0 0 2 0 2 10 SheU (grams) 1,300.2 1,340.3 1.358.3 1,167.1 1.416.3 1,774,4 2.156.3 998.8 11.511.7 Bone 9 3 8 1 12 10 18 2 63 Historic 3 5 5 1 1 4 7 24 50 Fire Affected Rock 20 22 19 17 21 28 36 16 179 Ochre 1 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 Total Artifacts 18 12 30 13 14 23 28 13 150 ffl i 1 i I 1 i i I I 11 ffi 11 ffl ffi ffl 11 11 li il il 11 I i WEST EAST TRENCH B TRENCH A METERS LEGEND ^ DARK BROWN SILTY SAND WITH ARTIFACT AND SHELL (MIDDEN FILL) WHITE CALICHE AND SAND MOTTLED LIGHT BROWN TO ORANGE CLAY (SUBSOIL FU.) gjaaai BROWN GRADING TO YELLOW SILTY SAND (FIL OR ALLUVIAL) \ LIGHT BROWN SILTY SAND (ALLUVIAL) t^Sg DARK BROWN CLAYEY SILT (NATIVE TOPSOI-) ORANGE BROWN SANDY CLAY (NATIVE SUBSOIL) Profiles Showing Stratigraphy of North Walls of Trenches A and B at Site SDI-10876 FIGURE 4 WPRTFC S«rvfcAS. Inc. In summary, site SDi-10876 is a Late Period prehistoric sheU midden habitation site which has been disturbed through recent historic cut and fiU activities. The cultural midden of SDi-10876 was moved fiom another locaUty perhaps in Carlsbad to the present setting, and as such lacks integrity. m m m 3-7 SECTION 4 SITE IMPORTANCE IMPACTS AND MITIGATION OF IMPACTS 4.1 SITE IMPORTANCE Site SDi-10876 is a Late Period prehistoric habitation site containing milling tools, flaked tools, ceramics, sheU and bone. This site is not in-sim given the stratigraphic profile provided through backhoe trenching. This archaeological site has apparendy been placed at this locaUty through recent historic fiU activities. The lack of site integrity identifies site SDi-10876 as a non-important cultural resource. 4.2 IMPACTS AND MITIGATION OF IMPACTS Under (CEQA, as amended, non-important cultural resources need not be addressed as to impacts OT mitigation of inpacts. 4-1 SECTION 5 REFERENCES CTTED Cheever, Dayle and Dennis GaUegos 1987 Archaeological Survey fOT a Road Detour and Storm Drain on a Portion of Palomar Airport Road. UnpubUshed report on file at WESTEC Services, Inc. IM 5-1