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HomeMy WebLinkAbout3190; Rancho Santa Fe Road Bridge Replacement; Rancho Santa Fe Road Bridge Replacement; 2000-02-01FIRST SUPPLEMENT: RANCHO SANTA FE ROAD BRIDGE REPLACEMENT PROJECT TECHNICAL REPORT HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT Volume 1 of 1 Prepared/or: Dudek & Associates 605 Third Street Encinitas, Califomia 92024 Prepared by: Gallegos & Associates 5671 Palmer Way, Suite A Carlsbad, Califomia 92008 Contact: Dennis R. Gallegos Phone (760) 929-0055 FEBRUARY 2000 TABLE OF CONTENTS VOLUME 1 OF 1: HISTORIC PROPERTY SURVEY REPORT Page I. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS 1 IL DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 1 Project Maps 2 III. RESUME OF SURVEY 2 IV. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND NATIVE AMERICAN COORDINATION.... 3 V. RESOURCES IDENTIFIED AND NATIONAL REGISTER STATUS 3 Historic Properties National Register Status Summary 3 HISTORIC PROPERTY SUMMARIES AND NATIVE AMERICAN CONCERNS 4 Archaeological Context 4 Archaeological Site Summaries 4 Native American Concerns 4 VI. PROJECT EFFECTS 5 VII. CONCLUSIONS 5 VIII. REFERENCES CITED 7 LIST OF MAPS (following text) Figure 1 Regional Location of Project Figure 2 APE as Shown on Rancho Santa Fe 7.5" USGS Figure 3 APE as Shown on Development Map LIST OF ATTACHMENTS 1 Archaeology Memo from Marty Rosen to Richalene Kelsay, Re: Completion of Section 106 Responsibilities for San Marcos Creek Bridge (57C-0278) Replacement on Rancho Santa Fe Road, Carlsbad [965100-6ENVREV] 2 Archaeological and Historical Survey, 700 Acres, City of Carlsbad Rancho Santa Fe Road Realignment Route and Fieldstone/La Costa Associates Mass Grading Plan. [By Roth 1990]. 3. Cultural Resource Survey of the Land Pac Project, Carlsbad, Califomia. ERCE, San Diego. [By Gallegos and Pigniolo 1989]. Cultural Resource Testing Program for the University Commons Project, San Marcos, CaHfomia. ERCE, San Diego. [By Pigniolo and Gallegos 1990]. The Phase II Archaeological Test of Malcolm J. Rogers' Site SDM-W-181 at La Costa Town Center in the City of Carlsbad, Califomia. Recon, San Diego. [By Hanna 1991]. First Addendum to: Cultural Resource Survey Report for the Rancho Santa Fe Road Bridge Replacement Project, Carlsbad, Califomia. [By Harris and Gallegos 1999]. I. SUMMARY OF FINDINGS This project is a Supplement to the Rancho Santa Fe Road Bridge Replacement Project submitted and approved in 1997 (Kyle et al. 1997) (see Attachment I). Studies for the First Supplement: Rancho Santa Fe Road Bridge Replacement Project identified two archaeological sites within the Area of Potential Effect (Attachments 2-6). The purpose of this Historic Property Survey Report (HPSR) is to document the cultural resources identified within the APE and to seek concurrence from the State Historic Preservation Officer (SHPO) that: (1) Efforts to identify historic properties within the First Supplement: Rancho Santa Fe Road Bridge Replacement APE have been adequate. (2) Archaeological site CA-SDI-11440, located within First Supplement: Rancho Santa Fe Road Bridge Replacement Project APE is recommended as not ehgible for inclusion in the National Register, nor the Califoraia Register. Site CA-SDI- 11440 was previously tested and identified as not significant under CEQA criteria (Pigniolo and Gallegos 1990). (3) Archaeological site CA-SDI-942 (SDM-W-181) was initially recorded as within the APE. However the site was tested to detennine site significance by Hanna (1991) and the site boundary was redefined, thereby placing site CA-SDI-942 outside the APE. This site was identified as not significant under CEQA criteria (Hanna 1991). (4) Through this HPSR and its attachments, FHWA, and City of Carlsbad have satisfied their requirements under 36CFR800 in accordance with Section 106 of the NHPA, as amended. II. DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT The First Supplement: Rancho Santa Fe Road Bridge Replacement project would involve widening and relocation of the existing Rancho Santa Fe Road. The Rancho Santa Fe Road Bridge Replacement Project has been revised to include an approximately 7,000 foot section of Rancho Santa Fe Road that extends from La Costa Avenue to the proposed bridge crossing of San Marcos Creek. Funding for this undertaking is coming, in part, from the Federal Highway Administration (FWHA) and, therefore, must comply with the requirements of 36CFR800 and Section 106 of the National Historic Preservation Act (NHPA). Caltrans District 11, and specifically, Martin D. Rosen, District Heritage Preservation Coordinator, provided Section 106 oversight and reviewed the HPSR for compliance with federal requirements. The project is located within the City of Carlsbad. The section of Rancho Santa Fe Road to be added to the project description would extend from the southera terminus of the proposed San Marcos bridge to approximately 500 feet to the southeast of the proposed PJ. 6-99 1 FEBRUARY 2000 Rancho Santa Fe Road/La Costa Avenue extension. The right-of-way (row) for Rancho Santa Fe Road from La Costa Avenue to Questhaven Road would be 126 feet. The limits of grading for Rancho Santa Fe Road would extend beyond the row to accommodate manufactured slopes necessary to complete the travel lanes. With the exception of the connector road described below, it is assumed that no planned connections to Rancho Santa Fe Road are to be addressed as a part of this project. The connector road will consist of a two lane connection between the realigned Rancho Santa Fe Road and the Cadencia/Rancho Santa Fe intersection. The limits of grading are shown on Figure 3. A section of the existing Rancho Santa Fe Road will be removed as a part of the project. The section to be removed extends from a point approximately 1,600 feet to the northeast of the Cadencia Road/Rancho Santa Fe Bridge intersection to the northera terminus of the proposed project. Project Maps The following maps are included in the present report: Figure 1 Regional Location of Project Figure 2 APE as Shown on USGS Figure 3 APE as Shown on Development Map III. RESUME OF SURVEY A number of archival and field research studies, principally relating to the First Supplement: Rancho Santa Fe Road Bridge Replacement Project, were completed prior to the present study (Attachments 1 through 6). In 1990, Roth conducted a literature review and field survey for 700 acres for the City of Carisbad Rancho Santa Fe Road Realignment Route (Roth 1990). Additional surveys include Gallegos and Pigniolo (1989), and the Archaeological Survey Report for the present study - First Addendum to Cultural Resource Survey Report for the Rancho Santa Fe Road Bridge Replacement Project, Carlsbad, Califomia (Attachment 6). The literature reviews and field surveys identified two prehistoric sites (CA-SDI- 942/SDM-W-181 and CA-SDI-11440) within the APE. Site CA-SDI-942 was tested in 1991 by Hanna and identified as not significant (Attachment 5). The second site CA- SDI-11440 was tested in 1990 by Gallegos and Pigniolo and was also identified as not significant (Attachment 4). ^^£_aresultof_ch^^ original Rancho Santa Fe Road Bridge Replacement Project, a revised EIR was re^uire^ The present study (First Addendum to: Cultural Resource Survey Report for the Rancho Santa Fe Road Bridge Replacement Project) included a literature review, record search and field survey of the APE for the additional 7000 foot long by 200 foot wide alignment (Attachment 6). The initial study was the Santa Fe Road Bridge Replacement Project, which has been reviewed and approved by SHPO (Attachment 1). PJ 6.99 "'-3— FEBRUARY 2000 IV. PUBLIC PARTICIPATION AND NATIVE AMERICAN COORDINATION In accordance with 36CFR800.2(d), public participation in the Section 106 process has been coordinated with the public participation program carried out by the Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) under the authority of the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA). The level of work conducted for the First Supplement: Rancho Santa Fe Road Bridge Replacement Project was a literature review, record search and field survey. No testing or excavation work was conducted. In order to address Native American concems regarding cultural resources within the APE, Mr. Henry Rodriguez of the La Jolla Reservation was contacted and given a copy of the Archaeological Survey Report for his review and comment. V. RESOURCES IDENTIFIED AND NATIONAL REGISTER STATUS Each resource is discussed separately, with reference made to the attachment(s) that provides the results of testing/evaluation and/or research used to provide a determination of eligibility for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places. Archaeological sites are discussed in numerical order by official trinomial designation. Note: Any reference to eligibility or non-eligibility of a historic property to the National Register also applies equally to the Califomia Register of Historical Resources. Also note, that as used throughout this document, "historic property" means "any prehistoric or historic district, site, building, stmcture, or object included in, or eUgible for inclusion in, the National Register of Historic Places" [16 U.S.C. 470w(5)]. It should_be noted thayfio existing highway bridges, of State or Local jurisdiction^ occur, within the APE andr^onsequently, no bridge evaluation (in accordance with the Caltrans' ^^HeTnslorTC bridge inventory) was necessary. Historic Properties National Register Status Summary Cultural resources located within the APE that are already listed or have previously been determined eligible for listing on the National Register of Historic Places: None Cultural resources located within the APE that are believed potentially eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places: None Cultural resources located within the APE that are believed not eligible for listing in the National Register of Historic Places: Archaeological site CA-SDI-942/SDM-W-181 Archaeological site CA-SDI-11440 PJ. 6-99 3 FEBRUARY 2000 m HISTORIC PROPERTY SUMMARIES AND NATIVE AMERICAN CONCERNS Archaeological Context The body of current research of precontact occupation in San Diego County recognizes the existence of at least two major cultural traditions, discussed here as Early Period (Archaic) and Late Period, based upon general economic trends and material culture. Within San Diego County, the Archaic generally includes the period from 9000 and 1300 years ago, while the Late Period includes from 1300 years ago to historic contact. The Historic Period covers the time from Spanish contact to present. A culture history for San Diego County is provided in Attachment 6. Archaeological Site Summaries CA-SDI-942/SDM-W-181 is located near the south end of the APE (Figure 2). This site was recorded by Malcolm Rogers (n.d.) as a SD II and III and Lit. II occupation over 2.5 acres (Attachment 6, Appendix B). Rogers' states: Beginning at W-181 and beyond it to the end of the Mesa is continuous evidence of SD-II material. This is for a total distance of 1-3/4 miles. As a matter of fact, there is no part of the Encinitas Grant Plateau where felsite flaking cannot be found and it is the center of the greatest concentration of SD [San Dieguito] occupation in San Diego County. Rogers' maps, used in the 1920s through 1950s, were of a poor scale and locations were quite broad. Since the initial recordings, the Museum of Man (Ken Hedges) has attempted to update Rogers' site records. Hanna (1991) conducted the most recent work at CA-SDI-942, wherein the site boundary was redefined and site significance was determined with respect to CEQA. Hanna's work identified CA-SDI-942 as not significant, and revised the site boundary, thereby placing site CA-SDI-942 outside the APE (Attachment 5). CA-SDI-11440 is located at the north end of the APE (Figures 2 and 3). Pigniolo and Briggs initially recorded this site in 1989 as part of the Land Pac project (Gallegos and Pigniolo 1989) (Attachment 3). In 1990, this site was tested using five shovel test pits and surface collection of artifacts (Pigniolo and Gallegos 1990). Only three artifacts were recovered from the surface and the STPs were negative, thereby identifying the absence of a subsurface component. On the basis of the test results, this site was identified as not significant (Pigniolo and Gallegos 1990) (Attachment 4). PJ. 6-99 FEBRUARY 2000 Native American Concerns For the First Supplement: Rancho Santa Fe Road Bridge Replacement Project, only one prehistoric site was previously recorded within the APE. This site CA-SDI-11440 was tested using surface collection and STP excavation (Pigniolo and Gallegos 1990). Three surface artifacts were recovered and the site was identified as not significant. Mr. Henry Rodriguez of the La Jolla Reservation voiced no Native American concems. Please refer to Native American Consultation portion in Section IV ofthis HPSR. VI. PROJECT EFFECTS On the basis of the literature review and record search, two prehistoric sites were previously recorded within the APE. Testing has identified CA-SDI-942/SDM-W-181 as outside the APE and not significant (Hanna 1991). The second site CA-SDI-11440 is within the APE and has also been identified as not significant (Pigniolo and Gallegos 1990). Since site CA-SDI-942 is not significant/not eligible and has been determined outside the APE; and, CA-SDI-11440 has been recommended as not eligible, there are no further Section 106 responsibilities with respect to these resources. VII. CONCLUSIONS Through this HPSR and its attachments, FHWA, and the city of Carisbad seek concurrence from the State Historic Preservation Officer that: (1) Efforts to define the project APE have been adequate. (2) Efforts to identify historic properties within the Rancho Santa Fe Road Bridge Replacement Project APE have been adequate. (3) Archaeological site CA-SDI-942/SDM-W-181 is recommended as not eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places, nor the Califomia Register of Historical Resources. (4) Archaeological site CA-SDI-11440 is recommended as not eligible for inclusion in the National Register of Historic Places, nor the Califomia Register of Historical Resources. (5) Through this HPSR and its attachments the requirements of 36CFR800 have been satisfied. No further cultural resource survey work should be necessary unless the project APE changes to include unsurveyed areas. If buried cultural materials are unearthed during constmction, it is FWHA policy that work must be halted in the vicinity of the find until a qualified professional can assess its nature and significance. If human remains are unearthed during constmction, State Health and Safety Code Section 7050.5 states that no further disturbance shall occur until the County Coroner has made the necessary findings PJ. 6-99 5 FEBRUARY 2000 as to origin and disposition pursuant to Public Resources Code Section 5097.98. In either instance, the Caltrans District 11 Heritage Preservation Coordinator shall be immediately notified. PJ. 6-99 FEBRUARY 2000 MR Historic Property Survey Report authored by: Nina M. Harris Date Project Archaeologist Dennis R.^llegos Date Project Manager Gallegos & Associates 5671 Palmer Way, Suite A Carlsbad, CA 92008 Historic Property Survey Report Reviewed and Approved by: Martin D. Rosen, Caltrans District 11 Date Heritage Preservation Coordinator PJ. 6-99 VIIL REFERENCES CITED Caltrans 1991 Guidance for Consultants, Procedures for the Protection of Historic Properties, The Section 106 Processes. Sacramento. Gallegos, Dennis R. and Andrew Pigniolo 1989 Cultural Resource Survey of the Land Pac Project, Carisbad, Califoraia. On file at the South Coastal Information Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, Califomia. Hanna, David C. 1991 The Phase II Archaeological Test of Malcolm Rogers Site SDM-W-181 at La Costa Town Center in the City of Carlsbad, Califomia. On file at the South Coastal Infonnation Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, Califomia. Kyle, Carolyn E., Roxana L. Phillips and Dennis R. Gallegos 1997 Cultural Resource Survey Report for the Rancho Santa Fe Road Bridge Replacement Project, Carisbad, California. On file at the South Coastal Information Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, Califoraia. Pigniolo, Andrew and Dennis R. Gallegos 1990 Cultural Resource Testing Program for the University Commons Project. On file at the South Coastal Information Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, Califoraia. Rogers, Malcolm n.d. Site record form for SDM-W-181. On file at the San Diego Museum of Man. Roth, Linda 1990 Archaeological and Historical Survey, 700 acres. City of Carisbad Rancho Santa Fe Road Realignment Route and Fieldstone/La Costa Associates Mass Grading Plan. On file at the South Coastal Infonnation Center, San Diego State University, San Diego, Califomia. USGS 1968 Rancho Santa Fe 7.5' USGS quadrangle PJ. 6-99 FEBRUARY 2000 LIST OF MAPS Figure 1 Regional Location of Project ^ Figure 2 APE as Shown on Rancho Santa Fe 7.5' USGS Figure 3 APE as Shown on Development Map PJ. 6-99 FEBRUARY 2000 h UJ £ dBYi ju9uido|9Aaa uo uAvoqs HdV sa^vpossy :y soSanvo • aoiA^HS fio liio Naavi ovo^ J93UI§Ug UOTlBlJOdSUBJX J0TU9S 9TO Ymi S ^9Ff ivixKaxod >io vaHV pBO^ UQA^qisanf) ATTACHMENT 1 Archaeoiogy Memo from Marty Rosen to Richalene Kelsay, Re: Completion of Section 106 Responsibilities for San Marcos Creek Bridge (57C-0278) Replacement on Rancho Santa Fe Road, Carlsbad [965100-6ENVREV] 2 FEB-11-98WED 5:09 PM CT CULTURAL RESOURCES FAXNO. 619 688 2524 P. 2 I I I I I I I I I I I HR'CHnEOLO'^Y WEWO CALTRANS - DISTRICT U ^ ^ ^ ENVIRONMENTAL ANALYSIS BRANCH B, M-S. D-6 P.O. nOX 85406 SAN DIEGO.CA 92186-5406 ^619) 688-6751; (FAX) 68S-3I92; (emain mrosen@trmx3.dot.ca.EOV February 11, 1998 TO: Richalene Kelsay Environmental Analysis Branch A Caltrans FROM: Marty Rosen K.LE- San Marcos Creek Bridge (57C-0278) Replacement on Rancho Santa Fc Road, Carisbad [965100-6ENVREV] Dear Richalene: Enclosed you will fmd one copy ofthe negative Historic Property Survey Report (HPSR) Lnciosea you ^ , Qg responsibilities werc completed on December 23 wlSc^^^^^^ TransUion Engineer, signed the negative HPsSm and APF map. Other than the existing bridge, no other cultural resources were fdLt^ed wi WnVhe project-s Area of Potential Effects (APE). The bridge, budt tn 1978. was S ted tl no. eliiible for inclusion in the National '^eE'ster of H.s,^^^^^^^^^^ tn accordance with the Caltrans statewide historic br.dgc inventory, completed in 1987. No further cultural resource studies should bc necessary '"^""^f 1°^^^^^^ undcnaking unless project plans are changed to incorporate areas mto the APE lhat are not covered by the enclosed HPSR. Should you have any questions or comments regarding the above or the enclosed, please do not hesitate to call me at 688-6751. Thank you. 'Marty Rosen ,/ District 11 Heritage Preservation Coordmator cc:Archacology FilcJ ATTACHMENT 2 Archaeological and Historical Survey, 700 Acres, City of Carlsbad Rancho Santa Fe Road Realignment Route and Fieldstone/La Costa Associates Mass Grading Plan (Roth 1990) ARCHAEOLOGICAL AND HISTORICAL SURVEY 700 ACRES CITY OF CARLSBAD RANCHO SAHTA FE ROAD REALIGNMENT ROUTE AND FIELDSTONE/U COSTA ASSOCIATES MASS GRADING PLAN PREPARED FOR: COTTON BELAND ASSOCIATES, INC. 619 South Vulcan Ave, Suite 205 Encinitas, Califomia 92024 PREPARED BY: ROm AND ASSOCIATES 2707 Congress Street Suite 2A San Diego," California .92110 June 1990 / / / / Linda Roth TABLE OF CDNTESTS INTRODUCTION 1 SETTING 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY 8 RECORD SEARCH RESULTS/ BACKGROUND DATA u SURVEY METHODOLOGY 35 SURVEY RESULTS 38 RECOMMENDATIONS 46 APPENDICES I RECORD SEARCH VERIFICATIONS II ERC TESTING RESULTS FOR A PORTION OF SITE SDi-11570 TABLES 1. PREVIOUSLY RECORDED SITES WITHIN ONE MILE OF PROJECT AREA . 13 2. RADIOCARBON DATES FROM THE BATIQUITOS UGOON REGION 20 FIGURES 1. Thomas Guide Vicinity Map 5 2. U.S.G.S. Location Map 6 3. Property Boundary Map [ 7 A. Previous Areas of Study [ is 5. Rancho Encienitos (sic) Plat ... 27 6. 1879 Wagner Survey 28 7. 1889 Dom Survey 29 8. 1901 U.S.G.S. Escondido Quad , [ 30 9. 1913 Alexander Plat 31 10. 1928 Aerial Photograph ] 32 11. 1946 U.S.G.S. Escondido Quad ... 33 12. 1953 Aerial Photograph 34 13. Project Sites Locations 39 14. W-941 Location 41 15. SDi-11569/SDi-11570 Locations' ! 43 16. RSFR #1 Location 45 INTRODUCnON In April of 1990, the Cultural Resource Management firm of ROTH AND ASSOCIATES was retained by COTTON/BELAND ASSOCIATES. INC. to conduct a cultural resources survey for the Rancho Santa Fe Road Environmental Impact Report, The approximate 700 acre study area, located within the City of Carlsbad 4 miles east of the juncture of Batiquitos Lagoon and the Pacific Ocean, involves the realignment and improvement of Rancho Santa Fe Road and mass grading of portions of the surrounding environment by Fieldstone/La Costa Associates. The irregular-shaped parcel, bisected by the north-south alignment of Rancho Santa Fe Road, is roughly bounded on the north by Questhaven and San Marcos Creek; on the south by La Costa Ave. and Calle de Fuente; on the west by San Marcos Creek and undeveloped lands east of El Caraino Real; and on the east by the City of Carlsbad city limits. It includes undeveloped land within primarily Sections 31 and 32 and smaller portions of Sections 5,6.29 and 30, Township 12S Range 3W U.S.G.S. Rancho Santa Fe (Quadrangle.' The investigation involved both field reconnaissance and literature review. Record searches were conducted at the San Diego Museum of Man and the South Coastal Information Center, San Dlego State Unvlerslty in ordier to identify all previously recorded resources located within a one-mile radius of the project boundaries. Forty-eight sites including historic adobes, mine shafts, prehistoric lithic quarrys, lithic scatters, shell middens and extensive prehistoric village sites are represented. The larger La Costa/Batiquitos area with over 75* of the area surveyed and over 150 sites recorded is one of the most thorougfiLy studied areas within the greater San Diego County area. As a result of the record searches, six sites were plotted as occurring within and tw5 adjacent to the project boundaries. As a part of the survey, attempts were made to relocate these resources and assess them as to significance and future research potential. In addition to conducting record searches, early maps and aerial photographs were obtained to document the historic use of the study area. Although portions of the area have been included as parts of at least 12 previous reports, the current ROTH AND ASSOCIATES investigation Involved a near lOOZ on-foot survey. As a result of the survey, three of the previously recorded sites and one additional site (all prehistoric) were located and assessed. The methodology and results of the reconnaissance and archival research and initial testing recommendations for each of the four identified resources is presented in the following document. SETTING The approximate 700 acre study area is located within the City of Carlsbad four miles east of the juncture of Batiquitos Lagoon and the Pacific Ocean. The irregularly shaped parcel, bisected by the north-south alignment of Rancho Santa Fe Road includes undeveloped land within primarily Sections 31 and 32 and smaller portions of Sections 5.6,29 and 30 of T12S R3W of the U.S.G.S. Rancho Santa Fe C^iadrangle. The acreage is roughly bounded by C^esthaven and San Marcos Creek on the north; La Costa Ave. and Calle de Fuente on the south; San Marcos Creek and undeveloped land east of EJ, Fuerte Street on the west and the City of Carlsbad boundary on the east (Figui;es #1 & #2) Housing tracts occur 'on the east side of Rancho Santa Fe Road at the southern boundary of the project and along the west side of Rancho Santa Fe Road at the south/southwest boundary. Light industrial development is occurring near the intersection of Rancho Santa Fe and C^esthaven roads. The portion Qf tl^e acreage on the west side of Rancho Santa Fe Road has been severely impacted by borrowing activities, construction and mass grading-assoclated duBi»i^g activities, and soil removal which, by analyzing the historic naps, sfems to have occurred primarily in the past fifteen years with the borrowing most likely occurring in the early 1950's. With the exception of the DeiUc Reservoir and transmission line access roads, the east side of the study area is comparatively undisturbed. Topographically, the project area is hilly containing a series of drainages and ridges. The ridgeline in the northernmost portion reaches over 900*AMSL in elevation then drops to the south to the head of an intermittent drainage. The slope exceeds 24% in this area. The steep escarpment of San Marcos Creek occurs along the northwest boundary. Geologically the area Is underlain primarily by Jura-Trias metavolcanic rocks with mesozoic granitics occurring in the north, northeast corner. The meta- volcanic rocks consist of massive greenstone,; breccias, tuff, rhyolite, bluish gray metaconglomerates and quartz-feldspar granulite. Review of the geology and soils maps indicate that this acreage is where geology and soils change from marine deposits to metavolcanics and granitics. The majority of the soil is classified as San Miguel-Exchequer rocky silt loams (SOX San Miguel silt loam/40% Exchequer silt loam and lOZ rock). These soils were derived from metavolcanic rock and typically have a clay subsoil. The upper areas arouno San Marcos Creek and the mountain ridge along the eastern boundary • ontain Exchequer rocky sUt loam with 2-lOZ of the area containing exposed rock outcrops. These yellowish-red soils formed in material weathered from hard metabasic whitish and greenish rock. A patch of Cienba rocky coarse sandy loam occurs in the northeast. This soil is typified by very large granodiorite boulders (several bedrock milling features have been previously recorded in this area). The majority of the property contains little exposed bedrock that would have been suitable for prehistoric milling purposes. Raw materials that could have been used for lithic tool production area exposed wrthin the .-studyarea but as highly weathered and fractured chunks and nodules of. varied sizes: no massive outcrops were located but a few exposed veins were visible. During the survey care was taken to locate any possible prehistoric quarry sites because "felsite". a generic term applied to lava that has cooled less rapidly than others and is therefore dense and light in color, does occur specifically in the southern half of the project area. However, historic borrow activity and massive dumping pf calcerous sandstone chunks, dump truck piles and dump trails, mechanically scooped out areas, and general heavy equipment movement over the area have not only disrupted those areas which may have contained prehistoric quarrys but have also created hundreds of "tractor- facts" throughout this portion of the acreage. Vegetation includes coastal sage scrub, chaparral, grassland, riparian woodland and eucalyptus; Undisturbed acreage containing thick, nearly impassable stands of chaparral. Portions of the ridge system along the east/ southeast boundary have been recently denuded of vegetation by fire. Thus allowing near perfect ground visibility in this particular area. ROTH AND ASSOCIATES < UJ VICINITY MAP figure 1 ROTH AND ASSOCIATES 1 ACTUAL SOUTHERN AND NOftTHWESTERN LINES IRREGULAR figure 2 LOCATION MAP ROTH AND ASSOCIATES figure 3 RESEARCH METHODOLOGY Prior to the actual field survey of the Rancho Santa Fe Road Realignment acreage, a degree of archival research was conducted in order to 1) identify the location of all previously recorded cultural resources within the subject boundaries and 2) develop an understanding of historic use of the area. Record searches were conducted at the San Diego Museum of Man and the South Coastal Information Center, San Diego State University. As a result of these searches, it was found that during surveys of varying intensity since the 1930's, six sites had been recorded within the boundaries. Pertinent data were acquired from the various Cultural Resource Management reports generated for this area that dealt specifically with the sites of direct concem. In order to understand the historic land use of the area and locate. if possible prior to survey, likely areas of historic occupation, maps and aerial photographs were acquired from the San Diego Historical Society Archives, the San Diego County Department of Planning and Land Use Maps and Records Division and the San Diego County Aerial Photo Bank. If historic resources had been located during the survey, more extensive land ownership data would have been acquired. The following maps and photographs were • inspected (several have been included within this report). 1879 Township/Range Map Thomas Wagner 1887 Township/Range Map R.O. flamnond Jr. 1889 Dom Survey 1890 Beasley Map of San Diego County 1893 Plat Map (no author) 1913 Alexander Plat 1923 Rodney Stokes Map of San Diego County 1932 O.M. Swope Partial Survey L.S. Map #443 1901 U.S.G.S. 15' Escondido Quadrangle 1913 U.S.G.S. 15' Escondido (Quadrangle (1901 reprinted/updated) 1937 U.S.G.S. 15' Escondido (Quadrangle (1901 reprinted/updated) 1946 U.S.G.S. 15' Escondido (Quadrangle (1901 reprinted/updated) 1968 U.S.G.S. Rancho Santa Fe Quadrangle 1983 U.S.G.S. Rancho Santa Fe Quadrangle (photorevised) 1927 Aerial 1953 Aerial 1988 Orthophoto Rancho Los Encienitos (sic) Diseno n.d. 1981 San Dlego County Mining Guide 8 The following Cultural Resource Managment reports are on file at the South Coastal Information Center, San Diego State University. Each supplies additional information regarding survey and testing methodologies and analysis for the resources recorded in the vicinity of the Rancho Santa Fe Road Realignment project. Each of the prehistoric cultural traditions and historic eras discussed in the following section is represented within the bounds of the search, indicating that although the specific study area has a paucity of sites, this general area of San Diego County has contained resources attractive to human occupation for at least the past 10,000 years. Advance Planning and Research Associates 1977 Copper Creek Hills Subdivision. Olivehain. California. Apple, Stephen and Richar Oroo 1983 An Archaeological Evaluation of W-920 and W-921 Santa Fe Ridge Carlsbad, California. Apple. Stephen 1980 An Archaeological Assessment of W-915 La Ck)stB Meadowbrook, Carlsbad, (lifornia Berryman. Stanley 1977 Archaeological Investigation of the Gaty and Denk Reservoirs and Water Transmission Line Bissell. Ron and Rod Raschkle 1988 Cultural and Paieontological Resources Literature Review of the Rancho Santa Fe and (^lesthaven Business Center 1988 Cultural and Paieontological Resources Literature Review of the Carlsbad La Costa Project Area Bull. Carles 1976 Radial Posthole Tests at la Costa Far South includes Santa Fe Knolls 1976 Archaeological Investigations at Santa Fe Knolls 1976 A Reevaluation of Archaeological Salvage Report, Loma Del Cielo Carrico, Richard and Dennis Gallegos 1985 The U Costa Site SDi-4405 (W-945) 7000 Before Present. Cheever, Dayle and Dennis Gallegos 1986 Cultural Resource Survey of Industrial Parcel #096 San Marcos 1986 Cultural Resource Survey of Industrial Parcel #097 San Marcos City of Carlsbad 1975 La Costa Haster Plan and General Plan Amendment Cook, John 1977 Archaeological Reconnaissar^ce of the Copper Creek Hills Lot Split Eckhardt, William 1977 Archaeological Survey of the Assessment Districts Numbers 76-1 and 76-3 San Marcos County Water District Gallegos, Dennis 1990 Cultural Resource Survey of the Land Pac Project 1990 Cultural Resource Testing Program for the University Commons Project 1989 Cultural Resource Survey of the Rancho Santa Fe Road Alignment. Carlsbad, California 1989 Cultural Resource Survey and Testing of a Portion of Site SDi-4872 (W-982) for the Olienhain Road Alignment. Carlsbad 1986 Cultural Resource Survey Industrial Parcel #097, San Marcos 1986 Cultural Resource Survey of Industrial Parcel #096 San Marcos 1986 Early and Late Period Occupation at Rogers Ridge (W-182) (Arlsbad 1985 The la Costa Site: W-945: 7000 Years Before Present Hector. Susan 1983 Report on the Monitoring and Preservation of the Great Western Archaeological Site, Rancho Santa Fe. Kaldenberg, Russell 1980 Re-examination of the Boudaries of W-49 Rancho Park North for a Protection Plan to be Implemented as the Result of Vista Del Rios, Encinitas 1976 An Intensive ARchaeological Reconnaissance of the La Costa Land Company Property, Carlsbad 1976 An Archaeolgoical Impact Report on La Costa Far South Including Santa Fe Knolls 1975 Archaeological Investigations at Rancho CArrillo Estates 1975 An Archaeological Resource Impact Report for Lakeshore Farms Unit One and Hillsdale Farms 1974 Results of Archaeological Mitigation of Great Westem Sites A and C Located on Proposed Rancho Park North Developement Near Olivehain 1974 The Results of a Five Percent Archaeological Test Excavation at Santa Fe Glens (W-181A) Carlsbad Recon 1982 Environmental Impact Report for the Woolley Annexation 1976 Draft EIR for San Marcos Assembly Hall Robbins-Wade, Susan and Tim Gross 1989 Archaeological Testing Program and Data Recovery Plan for Santa Fe Highlands (The Rice Property). Carlsbad 10 Sesman, Larry 1982 Draft EIR:Revised Parks and Recreation Element, Carlsbad Talley, Paige and Charles Bull 1980 Impact Mitigation Report for Rancheros de la Costa. 11 RECORD SEARCH RESULTS/ BACKGROUND DATA Record searches were conducted at the San Diego Museum of Man and the South Coastal Information Center, San Diego State University to identify all prehistoric and historic resources plotted within a one mile radius of the project area. This portion of Carlsbad has been subjected to extensive survey and as a result of these reconnaissances, forty-eight sites have been recorded within the defined record search area. The majority of these resources, both prehistoric and historic, are clustered to the north and south of the current study area within flatter, more open areas north of San Marcos Creek and along an intermittent drainage leading into Encinitas Creek. Nearly all the acreage included within the present study has been subjected to archaeological survey between 1959-1990. As a result of these previous investigations, six prehistoric sites were recorded as occurring within the project area, two immediately adjacent to a property boundary. During the on-foot survey attempts were made to relocate these recorded resources and reassess their potential significance according to established guidelines. Outside the boundaries sites include historic adobes, mine shafts, prehistoric lithic quarries, lithic scatters, shell middens and extensive prehistoric occupation/village sites. The six sites within the project boundaries include an isolated slick (W-2210), small shell and lithic scatter (W-941), small shell scatter (W-940), two acre San Dieguito lithic scatter (W-181). lithic scatter (SDi-U569) and possible "early period" occupation site (SDi- 11570). Each*of these sites is discussed In the Field Results section. Five of these recorded sites occur at the periphery of the concentrations cited above. The results of this current survey combined with previous studies seem, to prove the archaeological site occurrence sensitivity criteria stated by Russell Kaldenberg in 1975: The present Santiago Peak Metavolcanics geological unit can be utilized in employing a basic criteria for the absence of archaeological site sensitivity. In the areas of La Costa where this geological unit occurs, it can be expected that only a few archaeological sites will be located. This potential...can be modified by the presence/absence of proximal water sources, the coverage of dense vegetation, or ground slope. KaldenBerg 1975:34 12 CO TABLE #1 PREVIOUSLi KECORDED STTF.q WTTIITN OMR MTI p HF ppniprr ADC. SITE # SDH-W MILLING HEARTHS. CERAMICS FUKES TOOLS SHELL DEPHI DATED AFFI.TATTnN PRmpnin> 48 ^ xxxx Multi Component coBments: no depth or stratigraphy; only 1 flake. 1 scraper. 1 mano remain Rogers Gross 1989 49A-F 3t X X xxxx 7900-8300BP/ 710BP Multi-Component comments:A.B.and C excavated/1980 re-evaluated depth at A exceeded 132cm Rogers Kaldenberg 1976 179 X xxxx 8580BP/7130 San Dieguito/ La Jollan Rogers Kaldenberg 1975 180 XX X San Dieguito comnents: update 150m x 50ms dark soil, 5000 flakes, lithic workshop Rogers Bull 1977 181 A X X X x x X 6210 BP/5170 La Jollan Rogers Kaldenberg 1974 180 XX San Dieguito comnents: mapped as occurring within project area but possibly relocated south and west of proiect boundaries by Kaldenberg Rogers Kaldenberg 1975 182 X XXXXX La Jollan conments: over 10 acres "May be most important site in the La Costa area" reassessed in 1980 as a village site: 3000 flakes, sherds, cores, collected/excavated Rogers Kaldenberg Carrillo 191 no details San Dieguito Rogers 577 xxx X Multi Component Rogers Kaldenberg comnents: Possibly original W-181 location mitigated 886 artifactsrgone 1974 587 XX San Dieguito conments: at Leo Carrillo Ranch: lithic quarry: nltigated Kaldenberg 1975 589 X Unknown comnents: 100's of flakes: mitigated Kaldenberg 1975 TABLE # 1 continued 918 919 920 921 941 942 943 944 945 946 San Dieguito Kaldenberg comnents: large quarry possibly San Dieguito:preforms, flakes, cores, hammerstones ^^76 X X X comments: stone cluster roasting pit excavated; mitigated not given Kaldenberg 1976 * xxx comments: excavated in 1976 and 1980; mitigated 60cm 8160^360 La Jollan Kaldenberg X X 90cm comments: excavated postholes/4 units shell to 90cm La Jollan Kaldenberg Apple 1983 comments: lithic scatter, no subsurface, collected/tested/mitigated unknown Kaldenberg 1980/1983 updates Kaldenberg 1975 Bull 1976 70cm 4940±70 La Jollan Kaldenberg 1975 unknown Kaldenberg 1975 ' X X comments: noncontiguous surface scatter of flakes, cores, manos unknown Kaldenberg 1975 X X comments: surface only/lithic scatter unknown Kaldenberg 1975 X (bedrock/2 mortars) Late Prehistoric Kaldenberg 1975 TABLE U cont. d Ul SITE # SDH-W MILLING HEARTHS CERAMICS FLAKES TOOLS SHELL DEPTH DATED AFFLIATION RECORDER 947 HISTORIC RUINS OF THE 1842 IBARRA ADOBE RANCHO ENCINITAS EXTENSIVE POTHUNTING 948 X xxx 7780-90 LaJollan Kaldenberg 1975 949 X X comments: surface only/collected and tested Kaldenberg 1975 950 X X comments: shell/flakes surface only/tested Kaldenberg 1975 951 X xxx 30cm 6800^80 La Jollan comments: camp Kaldenberg 1975 1115 HISTORIC ORTEGA RANCH HOUSE PRESERVED ONE OF ONLY THREE IN CARLSBAD AS OF 1975 1329 X XX comnents; surface only Bull 1977/1981 1741A/B X Hedges 1977 2210 X Islick Franklin 1979 2379 X XX comnents: moderate density surface lithic scatter Graham 1979 2380 X conments: dense lithic scatter/possible quarry Graham 1979 2381 X X Graham 1979 2382 X X comments: surface only 4 flakes/1 scraper Graham 1979 2804 . r^: X _ • X - .. comments: 1 core/A flakes/surface only Walker 1981 2888 X X conments: light lithic scatter 30 flakes/S cores surface only Cardenas 1980 TABLE #1 continued SITE # SDM-W MILLING HEARTHS CERAMICS FLAKES TOOLS SHELL DEPTH DATED AFFLIATION RECORDER 2889 X Cardenas 1980 3473 HISTORIC; MINE ADIT POSSIBLY ASSOCIATED WITH ENCINITAS COPPER MINING CO 1887-1917 Theskln 1984 SITE 1 SDi 11432 X Pigniolo 1989 11433 X Pigniolo 1989 11434 X x comments; 9 flakes 4 shell surface only Pigni(tlo 1989 11435H HISTORIC CEMETERY/FOUNDATION TRASH7AD0BE FRAGMENTS Pigniolo 1989 11436 X (2 slicks Pigniolo 1989 11437 rock cairn Pigniolo 1989 11441 HISTORIC ROCK WALL Pigniolo 1989 11442H HISTORIC TRASH MIXED WITH 3 lithic flakes and shell Pigniolo 1989 11483 X X 30cm Smith 1989 11569 X XX Pigniolo 1990 11570 X X Pigniolo 1990 The general Batiquito Lagoon/La Costa area (including the majority of the subject property) has been subjected to intensive survey. Beginning in the early 1930's, Malcolm Rogers of the San Dlego Museum of Man explored this area, recording 26 sites in the vicinity. Typically, Rogers recorded large areal expanses under a single site number. W-181, for example., was recorded as "i acre concentration with 2 marginal acres of scattered occupation" located on a hill along the rim of the north fork of Encinitas (}re<^. Portions of this site thus falling within the current study area. Rogers described the site as representative of San Dieguito and La Jollan occupation and noted that the site (no description of observed artifacts) was very concentratttd "probably because the surrounding mesa top is very stoney except in, this one area". He further stated that "for a total distance of 1 3/4 nllfl^ along the Encinitas Grant Plateau felsite flaking can be found...it is the c^&tir of the greatest concentration of San Dieguito occupation in San Dlego County**. No evidence of this site could be found during the current Investigation. In 1959, the University of California Archaeological Survey, under the direction of Claude Warren and D.L, True led a series of surveys concentrating on the river valleys and lagoons of San Dlego County. As a result df this survey which included the westem half of the current project area^ thirty- three sites were recorded around the lagoon: none within tha c^ZTaBt. study area. In the late 1960's and early 1070*s a few excavations ware conducted by local students On sites near Encinitas Creek. The majority of studies have been conducted as a result of paiMage of the Califomia Environmental Quality Act. In 1975 and 1976 Ku8aa34. Kaldenberg surveyed approximately 6,(XX) acres within the La C^sta Land Company holdings at the eastem end of the lagoon including the southem half of the current project area. Eight sites were recorded clustered along the southern edge of the west fork of Endnitas Creek. Two of these sites (W-940 and W-941) occur within the study area. W-940 was located on the east slope of a gently rising knoll approxlmataly 200' north of a spring. A scraper, possible projectile point tip and marine shell were noted %d.thin an approximate 15m x 15m area. During the current survey, this resource was not relocated. W'-941 located adjacent to the spring was described as a shell scatter with a thin scatter of flakes extending along the creek. This site was re-evaluated in 1976 by Bull. He concluded that the flakes and shell "provide little substantial information of local 17 ROTH AND ASSOCIATES ACTUAL SOUTHERN AND NORTHWESTERN I-INES IRREGULAR KAOEKBEKG 1975/1976 (enitre acraaee) ^ 1. im 1959 2. Bull 1976 3. Gallegos 1985 4. Seenan 1982 5. Berrynen 1974 6. Bissel 1988 7. Cheever 1966 8. Gallegos 1989 9. GaUegos 1990 10. Gallegos 1990 ^11. Recon 1982 RANCHO S 7,5 ANTA FE QUADRANGLE MINUTE SERIES MUE: All above cited studies were generally part of a larger survey area extending beyond subject area. R! PREVIOU figure 4 S STUDIES WITHIN SUBJECT BOUNDARIES I I I I I I I I I I prehistory. Their-recording with a local institution represents the only feasible mitigation requirement^Bulll976i74). W-941 was relocated during the current investigation. Although impacted by a dirt.rc^d and recent trash disposal, a small ainount of marine shell and lithic debris Was observed in dark midden-like soils (See Survey Results). Other sui;veys which incorporated portions of the current acreage include Berryman (1982). Cook (1977). Echardt (1977), Bissel (1988), Seeman (1982) Gallegos (1989:1990)1 Randy Franklin as a part of of the i. , large Echardt survey recorded an isolated milling feature (W-2210) as occuring along the transmission line at the 350' elevation. This isolated feature, if in fact in w'as a slick and n%t the result of natural weathering, was not relocated during the current survey. The realignment of Rancho Santa Fe Road was surveyed by Gallegos in 1989 with negative results. Most recently, Gallegos conducted two surveys to the north and east of the current project area ('4^nd Pac Project and University Corairf"QBS Project?). During the 40 acre" University Clpmmons Project, acreage that abuts,^Che^nefrth boundary, two sites were located that extend into the study area: (301^X1569 and SDi-11570) Both of these resources were relocated and are discussed in"detail in the Field Results section of this" report. Site specific conclusions are an important step in any'archaeological analysis. However, a site cannot merely be viewed as an isolated cultural phenomenon. It should, if data are available, be incorporated into a larger regional perspective. The discussion that follows is a brief overview concerning site density and site types found in the vicinity of the Rancho Santa Fe Road Realignment project. The cultural stages manifested in this area of San Diego span at least a 9,000 year period. Radiocarbon dates for the recorded and tested resources to the south and southwest of the project area range from 8580^125 (W-179) td 550^150 (W-49C), documenting use^'of this region by the three major cultural traditions: the Sah Dieguiteb Paleor^tndians; the La Jolla Complex; and a late prehistoric Complex which in this particular area of the county (between Buena Vista Lagoon and Batiquitos Lagoon)includes bqth the Shpshonean-speaking Luiseno and the Yuman-spe'akiri;g,'Kumeyaay. I 19 TABLE 2 RADIOCARBON DATES FROM THE BATIQUITOS LAGOON REGION YEARS BEFORE PRESENT REFERENCE YEARS BEFORE PRESENT REFERENCE SDi-603 7300-200 6250^150 3900^200 1075^150 870^200 825^250 6320^250 3400-240 6210-280 5170^230 6880-280 4520^250 8160-360 5250^50 4370^250 3640*60 121Qil80 55p±150 3650^60 2640^60 7440inn 7120^150 .SDfl-W-102 SDi-213 SDM-W-181A SDM-W-915 SDM-W-588 SDM-W-919 SDM-W-106 SDM-W-49C SDH-V-973 SDM-W-977 SDM-W-147A UCU-36 UCU-256 UCU-31 UCU-245 Uaj-242 UCLJ-243 UCU-333 UCU-381 UCR-421 UCR-420 UCR-434 UCR-406 UCR-436 UCU-3484 UCR-405 UCU-3485 UCR-407 UCR-422 J-2823 J-3824 J-4134 J-4133 7060ill0 710^40 8040^80 6900^280 8010±80 8060^60 8030^80 8280^80 8110^80 1500^50 3500-200 6800^80 4940^70 1100±50 1580160 1430x60 1460^60 1160±50 778at90 8580ll25 7130*80 7430^80 SDM-W-147B SDM-W-49A SDM-W-940 SDi-604 SDM-W-951* Sm-W-942* SDM-W-149 SDM-W-848 SDM-W-179 J-4135 U-3159 U-3443 UCR-432 U^3244 U-3245 U-3160 Lj-3161 U-3246 U-3689 LJ-35 U-3719 LJ-3720 LJ-3844 U-3822 U-3820 U-3821 U-3845 U-3688 GAK-4711 LJ-3717 U-3718 NOTE: These are uncorrected radiccarbcn dates based on the C^^ half-life of 55685o years 2XJRCE: Ifector 1985 Excavation of Six sites in la Costa Near Batiquitos Lagoon * Sites within one mile of the proiect boundaries 20 Tho Son Dlo«uito Complex, first rocordod by Malcolm Ron.ors. represents a geographically widespread chipped stone industry. Cultural H«anifestations of this tradition have been identified in four American and three Mexican states. This complex is Icnown to have begun prior to 9030 years B.P. and persisted along the coast until it was replaced by the U Jolla Complex prior . to 8360± years B.P. The majority of the identified San Dieguite sites are found on mesas and ridges. Artifact types include several scraper types, leaf-shaped knives and dart points, crescents, a few hammerstones. crude' chopping tools and some milling equipment. At least two of the previously recorded sites within a milo of the study orea were identified with this cultural tradition. This association is generally made based on extreme patination of lithic material and skilled workmanship of the scrapers, blades and knives. Sites associated with the San Dieguito Complex seldom have midden soils or bone rema-^ns. Unlike the San Dieguito Paleo Indians, whose assemblage suggests emphasis on hunting, the U Jollans appear to have been primarily gatherers of plants, seeds, and lagoon moUusca. This complex is a local mainfestation of the Millingstone Horizon which thrived along the Califomia coast from San Luis Obispo to San Diego County. Radiocarbon dates imply at least a 6,000 years span of occupation. Attributed to the La Jpllan. peoples is a relatively homogeneous assemblage of artifacts including crude percussion- flaked choppers, relatively unpatterned scrapers, hammerstones, and manos and metates. Projectile points are rare as are bone tools. Mortars and pestles are rare and many sites contain large, crude scraper planes. Wallace postulates two possibilities for the origins of the Millingstone peoples: 1) they developed locally from a preceeding hunting tradition; 2) or they were interior food collecting peoples who spread towards the coast: changing their gathering strategies to include marine resources. U Jollan sites are generally found on knolls overlooking water or past water sources. An increase in size and stability of this complex is evidenced by the depth and extent of large midden deposits. Movement of the populations inland aay have occurred when the lagoons began silting in or may represent a seasonal round of gathering plant foods. 21 / Until approximately 2.000 B.P.. cultural and ecological conditions remained relatively stable. With the arrival of the Yuman and Shoshonean cultures;. the La Jollan people either migrated further south into Baja California where their culture may have continued until 800 B.P., or they were eventually assimilated into the later groups. The Late Archaic Yuman-speaking Kumeyi^aay came into the San Diego ^ County area some time prior to the desiccation of Lake Cahuilla (A.D.1600). True. Meighan and Crew (1974) drew the linguistic boundary between the Shoshonean speaking Luiseno and the Yuraan speaking Kumeyaay as follows: from Lake Henshaw westward and slightly southward, passing north of Escondido and reaching the ocean just south of Oceanside. Kroeber (1925) drew the boundary passing south of Escondido and reaching the ocean just north of Batiquitos Lagoon. DeGrotte (1975) drew the boundary line south of the Encinitas Rancho boundaries. The descrepancies in the southern boundary suggest that at various times the territory between Buena Vista Creek and Batiquitos Lagoon fluctuated between Lusieno and Kumeyaay occupation or that at some point, this area may have been shared by both traditions. In the process of adaptation to a similar environment, all Late Prehistoric sites in San Diego County share many subsistence and basic cultural elements; however a noticeable distinction exists between the southem and northem area in grinding tools, containers, mortuary practices, and to a lesser degree, projectile points. More specifically, Tme (1966) suggests the following archaeological distinctions between Luiseno and Kumeyaay: 1. In Luiseno territory, there is no clear cut evidence of gathered urn cremation, formalized pit burials, or the use of grave markers. 2. Side- notched projectile points were preferred by the Kumeyaay. 3. In Lusieno sites, there are comparatively small numbers of scrapers and scraper planes and hammerstones. However, comparatively, the Luiseno have more cortex-backed scrapers. 4. There is a definite difference in the kinds and elaboration of the ceramics. 5. Steatite artifacts are uncommon in Luiseno territory. 6. There tends to a predominance of quartz in Lusieno sites. The Kumeyaay used a wide array of llthics including obsidian, felsite and desert Imports. 22 In discussing the Luiseno.and Kumeyaay cultural cradicions. True, Meighan and Crew conclude that in southern California, "...adaptation to an identical environment has produced a similar subsistence base...but with a recognizable difference in life style and artlfactual inventory** (1974:118). The Luiseno have been described as sedentary and autonomous village groups. In contrast, to the relatively sedentary Luiseno. the Kumeyaay have been described as semi-nomadic peoples who moved according to the seasonal: availability of food resources maintaining two relatively stable.and permanent camps occupied seasonally. Eventhough these cultural traditions were modified by different spheres of influence, culture patterns can not be correlated simply with known linguistic and ethnic boundaries. "A flow of cultural elements occurred between various cultures" (Strong 1974:xiii), and the nature of any one group can not be understood without attempting to comprehend the nature of cultural interrelationships and the dynamics of diffusion. Further reaearch in San Diego County is requisite in understanding the scope of Shoshoaaan- Yuman interaction. The entire culture of the Southem California Indian, like that of all such closely related groups may well be regarded as a liquid medium that flowed moret Ot lasa evenly from group to group, thinning out more andfUore, the farther each cultural Influence extended from its ^'"^^"•Strong 1974:45 Any Late Prehistoric sites found within the apparent "overlap" area afford an opportunity to study these interrelationships. During the mission and rancho periods (post 1769), the Indian settlement patterns and populations were radically disrupted. The inhabitants of the coastal areas, river valleys and main corridors of movement were the first to suffer. The populations that did survive did so by retreating into the mountain and desert regions. As a result of this disruption, there is a lack of knowledge conceming pre-contact life pattems. There are extensive ethnographies of the Luiseno and Kumeyaay however, they are for a much later period and can not be considered as definitive statements of aboriginal life; the arrival of the Spanish and removal of the Native Americans to the mission caused a rapid collapse of the traditional culture. Based on discoveries by Cabrillo (1542) and Vizcaino (1603). all land in California belonged to the King of Spain. However, the Spanish era in Alta California did not officially begin until 1769 when orders were sent from Spain to establish a chain of missions from San Dlego to Monterey.. The logs from this expedition have furnished historians with a written description of this area. This group camped at Batiquitos Ugoon as did the Portola expedition. Here the expedition had dug a batequi from which to drink. They encountered and traded with Indians living in the area. The Portola expedition named the location San Alejo. Very little documentation of the study area occurs in the historic record during the mission period primarily because the Batiquitos Lagoon area is approximately half way between the San Diego and San Luis Rey Missions. Mission records do indicate however, that a substantial number of people must have resided along the San Marcos Creek/ Batiquitos Ugoon until at least the early 1800's. The Mission San Luis Rey baptized 36 people from the rancheria of Betquitos and 25 from Bataquitos: the Mission San Diego baptized 211 people from the Batiquitos Ugoon rancherias. Therefore, between 1774 and 1808. 274 Native Americans residing in the general area had been Christianized. Researchers have suggested that over half of the native populations along the coastal strip fled to the inland areas to escape Spanish domination and half of those who remained refused baptism. Therefore, the native population during the early years of Spanish control can be estimated at 600-900 residents in the U Costa area. Until 1833. the mission fathers controlled the best farming and grazing lands in San Diego. The mesas and cactus covered rolling hills were used for the grazing of the large herds of cattle, sheep and horses. By the Act of Secularization the vast mission holdings began to be divided up into private Rancho holdings. (Land not under direct mission control had begun to be divided into ranchos in 1822 with demise of Spanish rule.) Three ranchos were established in the vicinity of the study area: Rancho Los Vallecitos de San Marcos (to the northeast); Rancho Agua Hedlnoda (to the northwest) and Us Encinitas or Canada de San Ali jo Rancho (to the south). The 700"^ acreage of the current study were not included within these rancho holdings, Rancho Us Encinitas boundaries however, abut the southem boundary. This 4,341 acre rancho was granted to Andres Ybarra in 1842. Ruins from the adobe home have been recorded as site W-947, Final patent was approved in 1871. approximately ten years after Ybarra gave up ownership of the vast holdings. During the Ybarra occupation he used a sssll portion for cattle. In December looC, the land was sold to the mercantile firm of Mannasse and Schiller; the adobes on the property being used for a store and a stage stop. The 1852 list of taxpayers for San Diego County list Ybarra has having $2,567.00 in assets: $2,000.00 for land, $100 for house, $250 for vineyard. $55 for 5 horses, $180 for 15 tame cows and $32 for 4 oxen. The 1860 census lists Ybarra as still owning the rancho with three acres of improved land and 4,435 unin(nroved aqras. His produce during that year included $100 fqr orchard products, 40 gallons of wine and 6 tons of hay. $200 worth of anli^ls were slaughtered. By the early 1880's the rancho holdings had changed hands at least twice before becoming the property of the Kimball brothers vho were developing National City. The early 1879 U.S.G.S. land survey of this area (Wagner) noted the "road to San Diego" crossing through the study area in generally thS: aame location as Rancho Santa Fe Road; this north-south route linking San Marcos to the Encinitas Rancho lands. The area is described as rolling mesa and "worthless land". In addition to the adobes south of the project affiliated with the Ybarra holdings, Wagner notes settlement in the valley north of the project and the J. Ortega and B. Orosco homes near the junction of ^at is now Rancho Santa Fe Road and Questhaven. A sheep camp is noted in the southeast comer of sectioa 28 and the mouth of a destroyed copper mine tunnel is noted in the sautfauest oomer of section 33, The first several decades of American control of California had brought an Influx of settlers to the area, however the population remained small and the north county area remained relatively isolated. Droughts between 1865 and 1869 and 1870 and 1873 laid waste to grazing land, herds were drastically diminished and attempts at small scale homestead farming often failed. There was no running water; roads were rugged and passage difficult; sanitary conditions were poor and what staples could not be grown at home were often difficult to obtain. Few people would take up land during these early decades because they thought it was worthless. Some of those who did buy in the vicinity ran large herds of sheep. During the 1860's mining activities began in this area as well. A copper strike was worked for a few years along Escondido Creek and then abandoned. (Between 1887 and 1917, the Encinitas Copper Company was established in the same general area. Claims are still recorded in portions of sections 32 and 33 of Township 12S Range 3W. Other copper areas in the county Included acreage southwest of Ramona and north of Ramona near Julian.) 25 In 1860 there were only a handful of settlers in the north county as far north as San Luis Rey. Slowly over the next two decades the population increased. Southern California and San Diego were beginning to be sold to Easterners and Midwesterners, As a gradual implementation of the fencing law and accepted use of barbed wire ( not used extensively until 1881). in conjunction with the invention .of cast iron (1873) and later (1883) concrete irrigation pipes and electric power pumps (1885) which made extensive irrigation possible, farming began to become a lucrative business. Early farming families (Feelers. Lyman. Kelly and Bordens) had settled nearer the coast. By 1880, the railroad reached the area and the railroad stop of U Costa was established. A small farming community began to develop to the west and south of the hilly subject property. During the early eighties a land boom developed which resulted in the establishment of Oceanside. Carlsbad, San Marcos, Olivenhain and Encinitas in this area. By late 1888, the boom was over and there was an abrupt halt to development; the relatively rural areas were not as distrupted by the fall. Those residents who stayed in the area during the following decades focused on improvement to their environment rather thafi expansion. No activity is noted within the study area during this time period. About 1913, the Lux Land Company purchased approximately IOOO acres in the study area. They also owned portions of the old Encinitas Rancho land, the Lux family residing in the Ybarra adobe. Maps from this period show several dirt roads leading to the knolls overlooking San Marcos Creek. The two within the current boundaries are only roads; no stmctures.are evident. Since this area exhibits signs of borrow and pit mining activity, it is possible a degree of the current land disruption occurred during this time. The additional maps and aerial photographs depicting the area show the main route being realigned several times, but still no development. By 1983. the reservoir, water tank and "pit" are noted on the U.S.G.S. Although the lands surroimding the subject property have been used since prehistoric times and contain remnants of the major periods of both prehistoric and historic occupation, this rocky portion of land, situated between two valleys and the expanse surrounding the lagoon, was not developed. Other than the road which appears as early as the 1870's and which most likely was used during the Rancho period if not earlier, no intensive prehistoric nor historic occupation of this specific acreage is documented. ROTH AND ASSOCIATES •7-/. • JJ-^ f^ 'W ' 'ST/ „IH. y: ^^C^mrtmm ••••m.Tr..- 'lOJ'zircjimTOS g 1 ; mi,tt ^ln^ ... r fe' Mil: figure 5 27 a: o w iU ffl .."H'^<«iiliiiwiiimiiiiniiM' ^ ROTH AND ASSOCIATES Ji 1878 WAGNER SURVEY BEST ORIGINAL I figure ^ 2B ROTH AND ASSOCIATES figure 7 29 ROTH AND ASSOCIATES figure 8 30 ROTH AND ASSOCIATES 1»13 ALEXANDER PLAT figure 9 < g o CO UJ ffl 31 ROTH AND ASSOCIATES 1928 AERIAL figure "I 0 32 ROTH AND ASSOCIATES figure 1 1 33 ROTH AND ASSOCIATES figure 1 2 34 SURVEY METHODOLOGY r The field portion of the investigation was conducted over a three week period in May and June of 1990 at the expense of 120 person hours, Linda Roth and Judy Berryman of ROTH AND ASSOCIATES, both SOPA certified archaeologists conducted the reconnaissance. As described below, due to steep slopes and/or impassable plant growth, overall coverage of the acreage is estimated at 80%. While 100% coverage is always the ideal, it is not always physically feasible nor scientifically justified. The exact type of survey undertaken varies with the nature of the study area. Thus the tecliniques employed on the current property varied substantially from place to place within the project boundaries while maintaining the basic purpose of the comprehensive survey-the identification of all significant properties within the delineated study area. As described in the Setting, the topography of the project area is"hilly, containing a series of drainages and ridges. Slopes, particularly in the northernmost portion exceed 24% with the steep escarpment into San Marcos Creek marking the general western boundary. Dense plant growth covers primarily the eastem third of the acreage making transect passage in aome areas difficult to impossible. Ground visibility ranged from excellent, in cleared patches on the west side of Rancho Santa Fe Road and recantly burned hill and ridge in the southeast comer to poor in open gra»8-c«»v»red areas, chaparral choked slopes and drainages. Within these areas,, tha ground was often not visible. In areas of poor visibility, rodent backdirt pilas and animal trails were inspected for artlfactual materials. Survey spacing varied based on terrain and archaeological sensitivity of the area. The United States Forest Service and Bureau of Land Management standards combined with strategies outlined in The Archaeological Survey Methods and Uses (King 1978) were used. These state: Survey transects of 1-15 meters will be carried out in flats and stream areas vhere less than 15% slope prevails and where archaeological sensitivity la apt to be high: 15-50 meter transects where slopes range between 15% and 30% with moderate to low archaeological sensitivity; and greater than 50 meters transects in areas of extreme slope or heavy bmsh cover. Archival research (i.e. record search data and review of historic naps and 35 pnotograpns; , conoucued pnor to the field reconnaissance, revealed the follai«"ing; 1. Portions of the entire acreage had been included as parts of previous cultural resource surveys. Nearly 100% of the study area had been previously surveyed. 2. Six sites had been previously recorded as occurring within the project boundaries. Five of these sites were associated with either San Marcos Creek or the unnamed drainage near the southern border. 3. Based on the geologic formation and the locations of previously recorded sites, archaeological sensitivity over the majority of the acreage was considered low. 4. Historic maps and photographs showed virtually no historic occupation of this acreage. Aerials did show extensive disruption primarily on the west side of Rancho Santa Fe Road: on site inspection verified past borrow/pit mining, dumping and land topographic alteration. Several clumps of eucalyptus occurred on the aerials. As a result of the preliminary research, survey strategies were developed to relocate and reassess previously recorded sites, check area of historic use, and identify any previously unrecorded sites. Due to general paucity of exposed bedrock, the rocky nature of the ground, and the site-type patterns recorded on similar terrain, sites removed from the two drainages were expected to include prehistoric quarry areas and/or lithic scatters. Low density site occurrence in this area was suggested by Kaldenberg (1976): Santiago Peak Volcanics underlie the high ground in the central and eastem portions of the property (his study area included 3.500 acres). The steep walled San Marcos Canyon has been cut in these volcanic rocks. Where San Marcos Creek passess from sedimentary rocks into the much harder volcanic rocks, the slope of the canyon walls Increases dramatically. It is from these rocks that many of the finely*worked stone tools present on the archaeological sites of U Costa were manufactured. Only two sites on the U Costa property can presently be located in this soil unit. Site SDM-W-917 is a quarry located north of the deep gorge of San Marcos Creek. Site SDM-W-943 is a flake scatter situated east of Encinitas Creek. Neither of the sites were habitational in nature, but were used for production of artifacts... The present Santiago Peak Metavolcanics geological unit, then, can be utilized in employing a basic criteria for the absence of archaeological site sensitivity. In the areas of 36 U Costa where this geological unit occurs, it can be expected that only a few archaeologiccd sites will be located. This potential for archaeological sensitivity can be modified by the presence/absence of proximal water sources... or ground slope. Kaldenberg 1976:34 The entire west side of the project area was surveyed in 10-15 meter transects. In those areas that had not been previously disrupted (toward the western edges) spacing was decreased to 7-10 meters. It was. anticipated that flake scatters and/or lithic acquisition/reduction areas would be found. Due to massive disruption and general heavy equipment movemen^t over this area any evidence of prehistoric lithic reduction had been obliterated. Survey strategy on the east side of Rancho Santa Fe Road varied. In those areas that had a higher probability of containing cultural resources.or where visibility was excellent (the unnamed south trending drainage and <he burned hill and ridge line in the southeast), 7-10 meter transects were maintained. The ground along the ridge/hill is covered with highly weathered and fractured chunks and nodules of fine to coarse grained metavolcanic rocks. Areas that contained clusters were carefully Inspected for artlfactual material. (Due to a fire, this portion of the study area had the, best ground visibility). The areas of low elevation along the east were survayed in 15-30 meter transects. Whenever bedrock was observed (little occurs on the property), it was inspected for sign of prehistoric use as milling surfaces. The steep slopes, the majority of which are densely covered with vegetation were surveyed with approximate 50 meter transects. Careful attention was paid to possibly lixating mine shafts associated with the late 1800's and early 1900's copper mining activities in the vicinity. Although none had been mapped on mining maps as occurring in this area, the possibility existed especially after having encountering the activities in the western area. In those areas containing previously recorded sites, up to an hour was spent traversing the mapped location. Further, all areas that contained introduced trees (a sign of possible historic occupation) were carefully inspected for foundation remnants and trash disposal areas. 37 Six prehistoric sites were previously recorded as occurring within the project area. Of these six. three were relocated and reassessed. A fourth site was found during the current reconnaissance. Data regarding the location and .observed cultural material is presented below. Following recommended testing (see Recommendations) at the specified locales, updated survey forms, and in the case of the newly discovered site, a new Archaeological Site Survey form, will be submitted to the San Diego Museum of Man and the South Coastal Information Center, Once the accession number of the newly- recorded site (referred herein as RSFR #1) is received, it will be forwarded to the City of Carlsbad for incorporation into this document. Information on each of the previously recorded sites was obtained from archaieological site survey record forms and reports. W-181: This site was recorded by Rogers in the early 1930's as occurring on a hill on the north rim of the north fork of Encinitas Creek (elevation 325'AMSL). This two acre site with a i acre concentration was classified as San Dieguito. It is mapped as ocurring east of Rancho Santa Fe Road and north of U Costa. In this portion of the study area, a roughly cresent shaped portion of land is excluded from the project acreage. This site is mapped as occurring within this exempt piece and extending into the subject property (Rogers typically included large, vague expanses as site area-more recent surveys better defining the actual site boundaries), Rogers gave little information regarding this resource other the following: "This is a very concentrated occupation, probably because the surrounding mesa top is very stoney except in this one area.,-Beginning at W-181 and extending to the west on a general elevation to W-182 and beyond it to the end of the mesa is continuous evidence of SD-II material. This is for a total of 1 3/4 miles. As a matter of fact, there is no part of the Encinitas Grant Plateau where felsite flaking cannot be found," No evidence of this resource was located during previous surveys ot the property nor dutihg tRfe Current coverage. W-940: As a part of the 1976 U Costa Far South Survey by Kaldenberg. a cluster of prehistoric sites was recorded' along the unnamed drainage that flows into Encinitas Creek south. The majority of these sites were tested and occcurred within land now containing homes, a school and park, A date of 4940± 70BP was recorded for one of the sites. W-940 was plotted as occurrina on the east slope of a gently 38 ROTH AND ASSOCIATES figure 13 39 rising Knoii. approximacexy ^uu norcn oz a spring ana wesc of oak woodlands. A scraper, possible projectile point fragment and several pieces of marine shell were noted. This site contained no evidence of midden soils, artifact conueatraLiens nor subsurface componenx. liuring che current survey, this knoll was carefully inspected with transect spacing not exceeding 7 meters. Vegetation is dense in this area and several areas have been impacted by dumping and minimal scraping (apparently to clear area of vegetation to then dump miscellaneous construction rubble). No remnants of this site could be located. W-941 This site was also recorded during the Kaldenberg survey and relocated in 1976. It is located adjacent to a spring along the unnamed drainage. At the time of original recordation it was recorded as a shell scatter of indetermined significance. A reassessment the following year stated that "this site was of only of limited extent and of insignificant value. A very thin scatter of flakes can be found along the unnamed creek. These flakes, as with the shell relocated from W-941, provide little substantial information of local prehistory". This site was relocated during the current investigation. It abuts the creek and oaks and extends along a dirt road adjacent to the spring for approximately 300', This dirt road crosses the creek and extends up the hill behind the housing development Ground visibility off the dirt road was extremely poor and it appears that the portion of the site nearest the creek was wjs impacted by the road. Dark midden-like soils containing 5 flakes, small marine shell fragments, two cores and a large primary felsite flake were observed in the soil that had been pushed to the side of the road. Recent trash litt-rs the ground under the oaks and extends into the road. The minimal amount of observed cultural debris is intermixed with non- artifactual lithic material. Testing on this site will be necessary in order to define exact boundaries, determine the presence or absence of en Intact subsurface component assess the variability and density of cultural material, and determine the degree of impact/destmction. The location of this site suggests the possibility of habitation. Two sites ^avn^^ vicinity (W-942 and W-948) were excavated in the mid- contained middens and both were dated (W-942 at 4940-70 and W-948 at 7780190). Testing at W-941 could result in collecting sufficient datable material to further define the occupation sequences in this area. Wi2210: This isolated milling slick was located in 1979 by Randy Franklin as occurring along the utility power line: Approximately one mile northeast from the intersection of Rancho Santa Fe and OUvehain roads near section lines 31,32 and 6 at the 340' cwitour." No other data is given on th^ l^^U^f^ord torm. This site was not relocatAH «nH ^i- highly possible that this was in fact not a feature. The ^ttltfl I'^^^tLT.^^^ property is highly eroded and fractured, exhibiting extreme weaatherlng. It is not the type of bedrock typically used as milling surfaces by the prehistoric occupants of the area. Bedrock more suitable for milling activities is found to the north and south of the project boundaries. A similar problem was recently (1990) 40 ROTH AND ASSOCIATES f encountered by ERC at sites SDi-11439 and SDi-11440: two sites recorded as occurring along the northeast nrooertv Hue. survey crew initially recorded these sites'as'containing three basins and 15 slicks respectively. On re-evaluation during the testing phase it' was-concluded that "the bedrock griiiding recorded earlier represented naturally weathered depressions in the bedrock" (Gallegos 1990a:4-34). Two flakes and one shell fragment were recovered from the surface of SDi-11439 and' 1 flake and one core were recovered from SDi-11440: neither contained a subsurface component. These sites should have been recorded as isolates because neither meets the definition of a "site". SDi-11569: This site was recorded in 1990 by ERC as occurring on the south side of San Marcos Creek 350m west of Rancho Santa Fe Road on a knoll top. Yucca and Elderberry mark the site. Visibility is extrenely poor in this area. The site area vas estiraated to be approximately 30m x 40m. Surveyors observed 1 unifacially flaked stone tool. 1 core, two metate fragments, 1 mano fragment and 100 pieces of debitage. During the current survev. the area described on the resource form was relocated. However, ground visibility, due to dense grass cover was virtually nil. Two possible metate fragments were located, Tt Is highly probable thut spring growth haa obscured the lithic scatter observed by ERC survey crew. For this reason, a degree of testing is recommended for this site to determine extent, possibility of a subsurface component, and significance. SDi-11570: This site is imiMdiately across a small seasonal drainage from SDi-11569 and was recorded and tested in 1990 by ERC. A portion of this site extends into the current project area. The main deposit is located on a knoll top but the artifact scatter extended down a disturbed road cut the Rancho Santa Fe Road. (During the current survey a single hammerstone was collected from the road cut) ERC results are included as Appendix II of this report. Testing included the excavation of 17 shovel test probes and 1 unit, site mapping and collection of surface artifacts. The surface area was defined as 96 m north/south by 88 m east/west. A maximum depth of 50cm was achieved. Recovered material included 86 flakes, 211 fragments of angular waste, 1 possible pendant fragment. 9 pieces of obsidian, 4 utilized flakes. 3 tool fragments 10 cores, 5 hammerstones, 5 mano fragments, 4 metate fragments, 1.5 grams of . bone and 1 gram of marine shell. This site area was relocated during the current survev. The placement of the shovel probes and unit were visible. However, as with SDi-11569, dense grass cover obscured much of ths surface. One felsite flake was observed. The site is surrounded by burrow'pits and dirt roads. Testing of the portion of this site which extends into the current project is recommended to verify densities and boundaries. The portion of the site within the ERC project area was recommended for either preservation (I.e. project avoidance and open space easement)or. if not feasible, a data recovery plan. 42 ROTH AND ASSOCIATES figure is § CQ A3 RSFR ffl; Tnis snell scatter is located on che west siae of Rancho Santa Fe Road immediately north of Bajo Court and the current project boundary. The open flat area has been severely disrupted by construction-debris dumping and dirt road use. The shell scatter extends from the property boundary northeast for approximately 135 meters; Beginning approximately 15 meters northwest of Rancho Santa Fe Road, it extends in a northwesterly direction for 65 meters. Near the homes what appears to be small fragments of culturally deposited marine shell (primarily chione and pectin) is mixed with a sandy, fragmented shell soil that was used for property wall construction. The portion of the site that abuts the homes may have been pushed to the present location during building activites. Beyond this small concentration (15m x 15m). an extremely light scatter of whole and fragmented shell was observed. It is unknown without a degree of subsurface testing whether or not this area is truly a site or possibly the result of site removal from another source that was dumped in this location. On initial Inspection, no lithic material nor midden-type soils were observed. During the survey, four isolated artifacts were mapped as to location and collected. They Include one hamnerstone and three rhyolite secondary flakes. The hammerstone was located adjacent to Rancho Santa Fe Road near SDi-11570 within an erosional rill. It was made from locally available Santiago Peak Volcanic material. Globular in shape, it has heavy battering along one edge. 44 ROTH AND ASSOCIATES figure 16 CCS 45 REC0MMZKDATI0K5 The approximate 700 acre study area involves the realignment and improvement of Rancho Santa Fe Road and mass cut and fill activity on portions of the surrounding environment by Fieldstone/U Costa Associates. As a result of the archaeological reconnaissance, four prehistoric cultural resources were identified as occuring within the Fieldstone/U Costa Associates property. No cultural resources were located within the area of planned road expansion. An essential step in cultural resource identification is to establish the research potential and significance of a given resource. Toward that end, site-specific recommendations are offerred. The concept of significance or importance in archaeology is often a source of both frustration and confusion. The term "significance" as applied to an archaeological site differs in meaning from the CEQA term "significant project impact" The CEQA definition refers to the degree of reource elimination by a permit approved activity, while the former is the assessment of value to the citizens of California. - Section 15082 (Article 7. Chapter 3. Division 6, Title 14 of the California Administrative Code) reads that: A project shall be found to have a significant effect on the environment if a) the project has the potential to eliminate important examples of major periods of California history or prehistory. March 4, 1978. revised edition In recent literature , Cultural Resource Management professionals have sought to refine and clarify the questions of significance in response to the needs of people in local communities, government agencies, industry and the private sector. The crux of the arguments and concerns about site significance evaluation and the decision making process are best illustrated by the following summaries: The fact that archaeological sites and the information they contain are the only clues to much of human life in the past makes every site potentially significant. It is generally recognized, however, that defining significance implies some frame of referertce. probable orientation, geographical, temporal or other context against ^Ich an archaeological site is to be evaluated. McGlmsey and Davis 1977:31 Because the Importance of a given resource depends on the context of assessment as well as its inherent qualities, the-e can be no universal or absolute measures of cultural wor^h The criteria of significance changes as the research goals of arj^chaeology evolve and as public interest / and prloritlea shift...thus archaeological significance is both dynamic and relative. Grady 1977; Moratto and Kelly 1977 In assessing the potential significance of the four sites located within the study area, several sets of guideiines and 'djrlterla will be used. The guidelines listed in Appendix K of CEQA Guidelines will be considered. These are: 1) The site is associated; iH.th event/person of recognized scientific importance in prehistory or history; 2) The site can provide-; information which is both of demonstrated public.Intetast and useful in addressing scientifically conaa^ential and reasonable research questions. 3) The site has a specM. or particular quality such as the oldest, best exaaipla, largest, or last surviving example of its kind. 4) The site ijivolves important research questions that research ha« shown can be answered only with archaeological methods. In addition to the criteria outlined under CEQA, additional focused issues can be used to measure site significance. These include: 1) Site variability 2) IdentifIcatioa of cultural chronology 3) Indentification of laad-Miae pattems 4) Artifact daiisity/variability 5) Potential for dating 6) Potential for fauna/flora analysis 7) Potential for intra and inter site variability. The recommended initial subsurface testing suggested below for each of the four identified resources will determine the presence or absence of an in situ subsurface component. Identify surface and subsurface extents of the resource, as well as address the potential significance of the site. Based on the results of the initial testing a report will ba generated describing methods, results and final mitigation. If a resource Is found to be important, a data recovery plan (and research dasign) or avoidance/open space easement plan would then be developed. The Initial tasting is prerequisite to determination of potential significance. SDM-W-941: According to the Conceptual- Mass Grading Plan, this site, located near tha southem subdivision boundary, will not be effected by cut and fill activity. It is, however, in an area 47 that has been impacted by dumping activities and dirt road use. luccept for the dirt road, surrounding visibility is extremely poor. Llthics and marine shell were observed in the road and adjacent dirt piles. This area should be subjected to a series of STPs (Shovel Test Probes) and unit excavation if a subsurface component is identified during the STPs. Artifacts located outside the disturbed dirt road bed should be mapped and collected. If enough marine shell is collected from the subsurface, it should be submitted for C14 dating. Located within an oak woodland and adjacent to a spring and intermittent drainage, intact portions of this' site could potentially supply important data relating to the prehistoric use of the area. These data should be incorporated into the results obtained from prior testing of the cluster of sites previously investigated immediately to the south. SDi-11569: This site, located near the north end of the project area west of Rancho Santa Fe Road was originally recorded by ERC. During the current survey, ground visibility of obscured by thick grass growth. This site should be subjected to an initial testing program that would involve the digging of a series of STPs, surface mapping and collection of artlfactual materials, and. if a subsurface component is identified, the excavation of one to two standard excavation units. The site is within an area designated for fill activity. SDi-11570: This site is also located near the north end of the project west of Rancho Santa Fe Road. It occurs"on a low knoll directly across from SDi-1156, ERC conducted a surface collection. STP series and one unit excavation on the portion of the site vhich extends onto a current project that firm is working on. As a result of their study, they found the site to be Important and recommended site avoidance. In order to verify densities and site extent as indicated in the ERC report, two units should be excavated within the portion of the site that extends into the current project. Ultimate mitigation recommendations for that portion will be based on both the ERC finds and the further testing. RSFR #1: This site, located on the west side of Rancho Santa Fe Road at the subdivision southem boundary, has been extremely impacted by dumping activities. Without a subsurface investigation it is Impossible to ascertain whether the marine shell is in situ or has been transported from another location during dumping episodes. A series of STPs should be excavated throughout the defined area of shell occurrence. If a subsurface component is identified, one to two excavation units should be excavated in order to assess potential significance and develop appropriate final mitigation. This area is scheduled for cut activities. Thus, the resource will be destroyed. 48 APPENDIX I RECORD SEARCH VERIFICATION SOUTH COASTAL INFORMATION CENTER SOCIAL SCIENCE RESEARCH LABORATORY COUEGE OF ARTS AND LETTERS SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY SAN DIEGO CA 92182-0436 (619) 594-5682 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE FILES RECORD SEARCH PROJECT Source of Request: Date of Reguest: Date Reguest Received: Project Identification: ROTH & ASSOCIATES 4-20-90 4-23-90 Rancho- Santa Fe Rd, ( ) The San Diego County University files show NO recorded sites within the projected area nor within one mile of the project boundaries. (X) The San Diego State University files show recorded site locations within the projected area and/or within one mile of the project. Record check by: SCOTT CRULL Date: 4-23-90 The San Diego State University files show that the following archaeological reports have been published on projects within one mile of your proposed project. SEE ATTACHED LISTING Archive checic by: SCOTT CRULL Date: 4-23-90 South Coastal Information Center THE CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY San Diego Museum of Man g£POgLi^:N.AtojAECkOGIk^ SiTg FILES RECORD SEARCH Scurce of Reauest: Name zf Project: Date cf Request: Cate Request Received: Rcth a Associates - Linda Roth City of Carlsbad Rancho Santa Fe Road Proposal 19 April 1990 23 April 1990 The Reccrc Search for the apove referenced project has been completed, ArchaecTcgical site file information is enclosed for the following sites located within or in the vicinity cf the project area: w-a3 'fi-i77 W-917 [thru] w-1329 W-2210 W-2e89 W-49 W-557 W-921 W-1741 W-179 [thru] W-539 W-940 [thru] w-1991 W-2379 [thru] W-23S2 W-3473 W-132 W-659 W-951 W-1992 W-2304 W-191 w-896 w-1115 W-2051 W-2S38 Bibliographic information is enclosed for the following reports on archaeological environmental Impact studies conducted within or in the vicinity of the project area: EIS-10 EIS-150 EIS-520 EIS-671 EIS-916 EIS-23 EIS-398 EIS-527 EIS-673 EIS-29 EIS-425 EIS-527 EIS-850 EIS-41 EIS-444 EIS-588 EIS-851 EIS-42 EIS-491 EIS-623 EIS-881 This Record Search is based only on infonnation contained in the files of the San Diego Museum of Man. Archaeological site records and/or environmental impact studies pertaining to the project area may exist in other repositories. Record Search prepared by: % Date of Record Search: Grace Joh 25 April 1990 1350 El Pnda BaUxm Park. San Dieca CaUfomia 92101 619/230-2001 An educauonal. non-praAt corporation Ibundad In 1915 coUecUng Ibr poMolty and displaying UM Ufe and htetoiy ofmsn APPENDIX II ERC TESTING RESULTS FOR A PORTION OF SDi-11570 EXTRACTED FROM:CULTURAL RESOURCE TESTING PROGRAM FOR THE UNIVERSITY CCM10NS PROJECT, SAN MARCOS MAY 1990 rtifaet Analvsis The majority.^of prehistoric artifacts consisted of Uthic debitage (N-10) including 5 flakes aiid5&agmenii.ofangularwaste. Mof the material represents highly patinated fiagments of Santiago Peak Volcanic tnaterial Uttle cortex was present, suggesting secoadaty tool reduction. Tools A total of three tools were recovered &om the surface coUection. Artifact SDi-11442-22 represents a small ftagment of a bUck fine-grain metavolcanic core. Flake removal appean to be multi-directional but the fragment is smaU and the points of percussion for only two nakes remain. SDi-n442-23 is a utiUzed secondary flake of peiphyritic volcanic material TTie amfaa was utiUred along two edges and patiiked nibbUng and use-wear moment Artifact SDi-11442.10 represents a somewhat water *wn core tool Tlie aitifletis laade ftom a Ught brown fine-grain taetavoteanic material and sh<n» some unifacial KtoueUkg Many of the edges showed naioal rounding and no use-wear\servarions were jiossibte. Summary TWs site represMts a small prehistoric Btiiic scatter with a secondly Xsit of Wstoic itfuse. I«>if»icaniftcts a: the site suggest a shon term camp with Hdnct^ as the main,activity. No diagnostic prehistoric ani&cts were recovered durijuie testing pro^^but the presence of p«inadon on tbe artifacts suggests age. HistoricWacts sugg^ dumping of a surface scatter ef mm of die cenmry domestic refuse. AlAough ev,ifa«» IS dreumstanrial the h«± of nearby hisioric strucmres suggests : may be associated widi tnining activity at rile SDi-9918. > -4.1.10 SDi-llSTO TTi« sttt « lootted on the south ride of San Marcos Oeek «ij««„t ^ Santa Fe Road and Soutiiwest of the Rancho Santa Fe Ro«l bridge that crosses S«, Marcos Creek. "Hie in«n rite depori, is located on a kaoU top. but ti« artifact scatter extends down a dismrbed cut to the edge of Rancho Santa Ft Road. 4-44 I - ERC Environmental and Energy Services Co, FIGURE Sita Map for SDI-11570 Showing tha Locations of Surface Artifacts and Subsurface Tests Testing included ti>e excavation of 17 STPs. 1 test unit, rite mapping and coUection of surface am&cts. Testing identified a subsurface deporit on die westem porrion of die rite widi a majommn deptii of 50 cm and a surface area 96 m nortii/soutii by 88 m eastAvest (see Hgure 4-11 and Tables 4-15 and 4-16). A total of 344 artifacts were recovered to mclude 86 flakes. 211 firagments of angular waste. 1 possible pendant fiagmem. 9 pieces of obridian. 4 UtiUzed flakes. 1 retouched flake. 4 flake tools. 3 tool fragments; id"^sores, 1 core tool. 5 hammerstoies. 5 mano fragments. 4 meate fiagments, 7 pieces (IJ gums) of bone, and 2 pines (1.0 grams) of marine riieU (see Table 4-17 for distribution). No recent trash indicating dismrijance was recovered. SoUs were Ught brown sandy 1O|DI witii some darker areas possibly indicating discoloration due to cultural activity. Of "tiie 17 STPs excavated, 10 on tiie westem side of tiie rite had poririve results defining a subsurface deposit approximately 50 by 50 m in rize (Table 4-18). Unit 1 identified* subsurface deposit 40 cm in deptii recovering a total of 155 artifacts including 1 retou^ed flake. 2 cores. 2 fragments of groundstone, a posrible pendant fragment, and afl obridian aiid faunal remains recovered at die rite (Table 4-19). Artifact Analysis Debitage As wid, aU rites tested wititin tiie prefect area tiie largest category of culmral nvuerial was htiuc debitage. TTas represented 306 artifacts er 88.96 pereent of tiie cultural naterial. Most of tiie debitage represented non-diagnostic core reducfion material, but several large btfacialdamringflafceswoe noted in die coUection. The absence of cortex on most of the "natotwl (see Table 4-20) may beareflection of tintype of soureenttiiertiumtiie fact tiie final stages ofcoreorttol reduction occuired on dtis rite. TheposribUityof primly or eariy stage reduction of Utiiic material is suppotted by tiie relarively even distribution of flake size riiown in Table 4-20. because tiie final stages of tool production eften are represented by a predominance of smaU retouching or finishing flakes, and by the large amount of cores in tiie coUection as mentioned below. Patination as shown in Table 4-21 IS present on only one-half of tiie Htiuc assemblage suggesting use of tiie rite ov^ a period of tane, 4-45 Table 4-15 SDi-H570 KEY TO SURFACE ARTIFACT SHOT NUMBERS SHOWN IN FIGURE 4-U Shot Number Catalogue Number Descr^on #1 SDi-11570^ IFIake #2 SDi-11570-69 IFlake #2 SDi-11570-70 1 Ang, waste #3 SDi-11570-71 1 Ang, waste #3 SDi-11570-72 1 Hazmneiston #3 SDi-11570-73 1 Mano frag #4 SDi-11570-74 3 Ang. waste #4 SDi-11570-75 IHake #5 SDi-11570-76 1 Hammeistone i #5 • SDi-11570.77 1 Core #6 SDi-11570-78 1 Ang, waste #6 • SDi-11570-79 1 Ang, waste #7 SDi-11570-80 IFIalce #8 SDi-11570-81 IHake #9 SDi-1157CK82 1 Ang. waste #10 SDi.U570.83 4 Ang. waste #11 SDi-U570-84 1 Ang. waste #11 SI>i-n570-85 1 Ang. waste #12 SDi-11570-86 1 Mano£rag #13 SDi-11570-87 1 Ang. waste #13 SDi-U570-88 1 Ang. waste #14 SDi.li570.89 1 Ang. waste #15 SDi-ll570-90 1 Ang. waste #16 SPi-n570-91 IFlake #17 SDi.ll570.92 1 Ang. waste #18 SDi-11570-93 1 Ang, waste #19 SDi-il570-94 1 Ang, waste #20 S£>i-U570-95 IFlake #21 SW-U570-96 IFlake wn SDi.il570-97 1 Ang, waste #23 51^-11570.98 IFlake #24 SDi.11570-99 1 Ang. waste #25 SDiTll570.100 2 Ang, waste ns SDi.11570-101 IFlake #26 501-11570-102" 1 Core tool #26 SDi-11570-103 1 Core #27 SDi-l 1570-104 1 Ang. waste #27 SDi-11570.105 lUtiinake #28 SK-11570-106 IFlake #28 SDi-l 1570-107 IRake . #28 SDi-11570-108 1 Core 4-47 Table 4-15 (Contitiil«ii SDi-J.1570 KEY TO SURFACE ABOTAjST JKOT NUMBERS SHOWNlSrHGURE 4-11 Shot Number Catalogue Nua^ Description #29 SDi-U57(Kl09 #30 SDi.ll570-l«) #30 SDi-11570-lil #31 SDi-11570-U2 #32 SDi-11570-113 #33 SDi-11570-114 #34 SDi-11570-ll5 #35 SDi-11570.116 #36 SDi.11570-117 #37 SDi-11570-118 #38 SDi-11570-119 #39 SDi-11570-120 #40 SDi-U570-121 #41 SDi-11570-m #42 SDi^ll570-123 #43 SDi-11570-124 #44 SDi-11570-125 #45 SDt-U$70^l?6|, #45 SDi-11570-m #46 SDi-11570.128 #47 SDi-11570-129 #47 SDi-11570-130 #47 SDi-11570-131 #48 SDi-11570-132 #49 SDi-11570-133&134 #50 SDi.ll57M35 #51 SDi-11570.136 #51 SDi-11570.137 #52 SDi-11570.138 #53 SDi-U570-139 #54 SDi.11570-140 #54 SDi.11570-141 #55 SDi-115^142 #56 SDi-11570-143 #58 SDi-11570-144 #59 SDi-11570.145 #60 SDi-11570-146 #61 SDi-11570-147 #62 SDi-11^148 #63 SDi-11570.149 #64 SDi-l 1570-150 - 4-48 2 Ang. waste 1 Ang, waste IFlake 3 Ang, waste 1 Ang. waate 1 Ang, waste 1 Ang, waste 1 Hammexstop 1 Ang. waste 1 Tool fiag 1 Ang. waste IFlake IFlaka 1 Ang, waste 1 Ang. waste IFlake 1 Ang. waste IFUka ICofC' IFlake. 1 Ang. waste IHakB: 1 Flake IFiaketooi 2 Ang. waste IFlake 1 Tool fiag IFlake 1 Ang, waste 1 Ang, waste 1 Ang, waste Discard 1 Mano fiag IFlake 1 Ang. waste 1 Manofi^ 1 Metate fii^ 1 Metate fi!ag 1 Tool fiag IFlake 1 Ang, waste ••'''•'W»f«K!*!ii|W*a*.4»--»ii*.. Table 4-15 (Continued) SDi-11570 KEY TO SURFACE ARTIFACT SHOT NUMBERS SHOWN INFIGURE 4-11 Shot Number Catalogue Number Description #65 SDi-l 1570-151 #65 SDi-11570-152 #66 SDi-11570-153 #67 SDi-11570.154 #68 SDi-11570-155 #69 SDi-11570-156 #70 SDi-11570-157 #71 SDi-11570-158 #72 SDi-11570-159 #73 SDi-l 1570-160 #74 SDi-11570-161 #74 SDi-11570-162 #75 SDi-11570-163 #76 SDi-11570-164 #77 SDi-11570-165 #78 SDi-11570" 166&167 #79 SDi-11570-168 #80 SDi-l 1570-169 #80' SDi-11570-170 #81 SDi-11570-171 #81 SDi-11570-172 #82 SDi-11570-173 #83 SDi-11570-174 #83 SDi-11570-175 #84 SDi-11570-176 #85 SDi-11570.177 #86 SDi-U570-178 #87 SDi-11570-179 #88 SDi-U570-180 #89 SDi-11570-181 #90 SDi-11570-182 #91 SDi-U570-183 #92 SDi-H570-184 #93 SDi-11570.185 #94 SDi-1157d-186 #95 SDi-11570-187 #96 SDi-11570-188 #97 SDi-11570-189 #97 SDi-11570-190 #98 SDi-11570-191 #99 SDi-11570-192 4-49 1 Ang. waste IFlake. IFlake 1 Ang. waste 1 Ang. waste 1 Util flake 1 Ang. waste 1 Hamxnerston 1 Tool fiag 1 Core fiag 1 Ang. waste 1 Hammezstone i 1 Core fiag Ang, waste IFlake 2 Ang. waste 1 Ang, waste IFlake lUtilflake 2 Ang. waste IFlake 1 Core fiag IFlake lUtilflake IFlake IFlake IFlake 1 Ang. waste 1 Ang. waste 1 Core fiag 1 Flake tool IFlake 1 Ang, waste IFlake IFlake IFlake IFlake 1 Ang, waste IHake 1 Ang. waste IFlake Table 4.l£ ^"i^i^^^^QfARY BY DEPTH DISTRIBUTION OF CULTU^I^TERIAL Cultural Material Surface 0-lOcm 10-20cm 20-30cm 30-40cm 40-50cm Total Percent Flake Angular Waste Pendant ? Obsidian Utilized Flake Retouched Flaice Flake Tool Tool fiag Core Core Tool Hammerstone Mano fiag Metate fiag Btme* Shell* .'otal** Percent 40 20 64 57 0 0 0 5 4 0 0 1 3 0 3 0 8 1 1 0 5 0 4 0 2 1 0 2/02 _0 0_ 134 85 38.95% 24.71% *coum ud weight (in grams) given •*excludmg bone and shell . 14 41 0 2 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 0 1 4Ai) Up 60 17.44% 9 2 1 29 16 4 1 • 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 0 0 0 W3 0 0 0 0 0_ 42 18 5 12.21% ; ^-23% 1.45% 86 25.00% 211 61,34% 1 029% 9 Z62% 4 1.16% 1 0.29% 4 1.16% 3 0^% 10 Z91% 1 0.29% 5 1.45% 5 i.45% 4 1.16% mjs 2/1.0 344 100.00% 100.00% 100.00% 4-50 Table 4-17 SDi-11570, SUMMARY DISTRIBUTION OF CULTURAL MATERIAL Cultural Material Suiface Unitl ST? Total Percent Flake 40 34 12 86 25.00% Angular Waste 64 107 40 211 61.34% Pendant? 0 1 0 1 029% Obsidian 0 9 0 9 2.62% Utilized Flake 4 0 0 4 1.16% Retouched Flake 0 1 0 1 029% Flake Tool 3 0 1 4 1.16% Tool frag 3 0 0 3 0.87% Core 8 2 0 10 2.91% Core Tool 1 0 0 1 . 0.29% Hammerstone 5 0 0 5 1.45% Mano frag 4 0 1 5 1.45% Metate frag 2 2 0 4 1.16% Bone* 0 6/12 1/03 7/1.5 Shell* 0 0 2/1.0 2/1,0 Total** 134 156 54 344 100.00% Percent 38.95% 45.35% 15.70% 100.00% 100.00% *count and weight (in grams) given **excluding shell and bone 4-51 Table 4-18 SDi-11570, STPs DISTRIDUTION OF CULTURAL MATERIAL Cultural Material ON/OE ON/lOW 0N/20W 0N/30W lOS/OE 20SA)E 30S/0E STP-A STP-B STP-C Total Percent Flake Angular Waste Flake Tool Mano frag Shell* Bone* Total** Percent 0 1 0 0 0 0 2 5 0 1 0 0 1 8 1.85% 14.81% 1 I 0 0 0 _0 2 3.70% 0 0 I 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 1 2 L85% 3.70% 0 3 0 0 0 0^ 3 5.56% 2 0 0 0 0 0 3 16 0 0 0 1/0.31 0 3 0 0 2/I.Og 0 4 9 0 0 0 0 12 40 1 1 m.og lA).3i 22.22% 74.07% 1.85% 1.85% ,2 19 3 13 54 100.00% 3,70% 35.19% 5,56% 24.07% 100.00% •count and weight (in grams) given ••excluding shell and bone Table 4-19 SDi-11570, UNiri DISTRIBUTION OF CULTURAL MATERIAL Cultural Material 0-1 Ocm 10-20 cm 20-30 cm 30-40cm Total Percent Flake 15 12 7 0 34 21.79% Angular Waste . 51 31 23 2 107 68.59% Pendant? 0 0 1 0 1 0.64% Obsidian 5 2 2 0 9 5.77% Retouched Flake 1 0 0 0 1 Core 1 1 0 0 2 1.28% Metate frag 1 1 0 0 2 1.28% Bone* 2/0.2 3/0.7 1/0.3 0 6/1.2 Total** 74 47 33 2 156 99.36% Percent 47.44% 30.13% 21.15% 1.28% 100.00% *count and weight (in grams) given **excluding bone 4-53 Table 4-20 ^^^^^ ^L^i^y^y^^ FLAKE SIZE AND PRESENCE/ABSENCE OF CORTEX Cultural Material >U.i cm >6,6m >1, >Z0cm Percent by Total Cortex Present Absent Total Percent by Size 6 85 91 7 80 87 30.64% 29.29% 17 i2. 66 22J2% 24 _29 53 54 243 18.18% 81.82% 17,85% 100.00% 297 100.00% 4-54 Table 4-21 SDi-11570 FLAKE SIZE AND PRESENCE/ABSENCE OF PATINATION Flake Size Percent by Cultural Material >0.3cm >0.6cm >1.2cm >2.0cm Total Patination Present 29 43 43 41 156 52.53% Absent 62 44 23 12 141 47.47% Total 91" 87 66 53 297 100.00% Percent by Size 30.64% 29.29% 22.22% 17.85% 100.00% 4-55 Lithic material types are shown in Table 4-22 and show a predominance of metavolcanic ma*ensl ^.94%), alznost all of which is Santiago ^ak Volcanic Fdzmatioii. Less than flve fiagments of cobble material fiom die FAxreiif sedimentaiy fonnatioD to die west were noted in the assemblage and quartz represents a minor fiaction of the assemblage (136%), Obsidian was also recovered in txanoramoams duri^ sabsntftce testing, AH obsidian was recovered fiom Unit 1 and based on hand q>ecimen observation it appears to be fixmi a source other dian Obsidian Butte. Obsidiia Butte, iocated in the Imperial Valtey. is the closest source of obsidian and was heavily used' diszing the Late Period. * The results of chemical sourcing obsidian fiom bodi dus site and SDi.7306 are not yet ayailab£:^ Two fragments of unusual material were noted in the coUn^tion, one fiagmeat ($Di-ll570-97) was a light tan granular volcanic or quaitzite^matBtial resenibling Piedxa del Liunbfe cheit in texmre. Artifact SDi-11570-125 was anodier fisgment of volcanic mate^ resembling jasper. Theniaterial was dark red and claque, but thin edges were translucent Mara source. Possible Pendant A small ground stone artifact (SDi-11570-66) was recovered fiom die 20-30 coat levei al Unit 1, This small artifact fiagment (OJ grams) is made fiom a fine-graia dull black material resembling slate. Striadtms produced during shaping are present on all nnhro^eD edges. Tbe aiti£ut is 1.4 cm long, 0.6 cm wide and 6.2 cm tiuck and comes to a point at the unbroken end. The broken end sppcm to have snapped at a weak poiat where the ani&ct had small groves on bodi sides. Tlie artifact fiagment is so smaU it cannot be odierwise identified. Groundstone Relatively litde groundstone material was recovered fiom the site and no bedrock outcrops are widiin die site to supply a platfonn for bedrock milling. Groundstone artifacts included flve mano fiagments, and four metate fiagments. Of the mano fiagments, arti&cts SDi-H570.73 and SDi-11570.86 represent very small fragments with no diagnostic attributes as to total artifact size or form. At least one of diese artifacts (SDi-11570-86) represents a cobble base mano. Artifect SDi-11570-145 is die most complete mano fiagnaent in die collection. It is made fiom a granitic cobble and is bifiidally worked and shouldered and shows indications of 4.5« ,,-p«-hjr#(|ts<fS,i,,.i^,.,„ Table 4-22 SDi-11570 FLAKES/ANGULAR WASTE BY MATERLa TYPE Cultural Material Suiface Unitl STP Total Percent by Category Metavolcanic Obsidian Porphyritic Metavolcanic Quartz Ouaitzite 29 0 72 1 2 26 9 100 6 0 12 0 40 0 0 67 9 212 7 2 22.56% 3.03% 71.38% 2.36% 0.67% Total Percent by Material 104 35.02% 141 47.47% 52 17.51% 297 100.00% 100.00% 4-57 sfa^g. The artifact was recovered from die surface and is covered by lichen. Bodi faces — —_ ———.r'"-—^wi-jk v-O 15 anouusT coooie-oaseo manon^ment which was rroovered from die 20-30 cm level of STP ON/IOW. Grinding is bifedal and no peddxig is evident Tbe cobble is of a relatively fine-paiapocphyiitic volcanic matarial Artifact SDi-11570-142, which was recovered from die surface, is a bifacial mano fragment made from an irregular granitic rock fragmeaL One fact of the axtifita is well rounded while the other face, which is vwy irregular, is ground on orUy die high points. Of die four metate fragments, two (SDi-11570-48 and SDi-11570-57) represent small non- diagnostic granitic metate fragments recovered from the upper leveis of Uiut 1. Aitifecis SDi-11570-146 and SDi-11570-147 represent large unifacial granitic shallow slab type metate fragments with ground and pecked surfaces. Hammerstones A total of flve hammerstones and hammerstone fiagments were recovered dmii^ site testing. AU hammerstones were made from Santiago Peak metavolcaiucixiaterialaad recovered fiom die surface collection. Artifact SDi-11570-158 represents a hammerstone widi heavy battering along one edge, lbe aitifaa is tnade fiom a nannally spalled fiagment of porphyritic metavolcanic material Artifacts SDi-H570-72 and SDi-11570-ll6 represent secondaiy use of cores as hammerstones. Both anifacts have bane^llii^Along angular portions of die tool created earlier by removing flakes fiom a coie. Boti'irtttlDtt SDi-11570-76 and SDi-11570-162 represent small non diagnostic hammerstone fia) Cores All of die nine cores and core fragments recovered during site testing were made fiom materiai derived fiom the Santiago Peak Vokanic Formation. Seven of these cores showed unifacial flake removal in one direction (SDi-11570-47, SDi-11570-56, SDi-11570-103, SDi-11570-108, SDi-11570-160, SDi-11570-173, and SDi.H570.181). Five of these artifacts werc recovered during surfece collection of the site (SDi-11570-103, SDi-11570- 108, SDi-11570-160, SDi-11570-173. and SDi-l 1570-181) while two were recovered from die upper leveis of Unit 1 (SDi-11570-47 and SDi-U570.56). Anifect SDi-11570-127, recovered from die surfece of die site showed "nifadal flyipf removal in two directions. Flakes were removed from opposite ends of the artifacL 4-58 Artifea SDi.U570.163 also showed unifacial flake removal in two directions, but diese werc opposite sides of perpendicular edges. Artifaa SDi-11570-77 is a multidirectional core. It was recovered fiom die site surfece and is highly patinated. Cores in die collection reflect primary reduction of Santiago Peak metavolcanic material for die manufacturc of flake and corc based tools. Flaked Lithic Tools A total of 13 flaked Uduc tools were recovered from surface and subsurface testing at SDi- 11570. These include 1 core tool 4 flake based tools, 4 utilized flakes. 1 retouched flake, and 3 tool fragments. All flaked Udiic tools in die collection were made from material .derived from die Santiago Peak Vokanic Formation and many were highly patinated. Artifact SDi-l 1570-102. recovered from die surface of die site, is a core based tool widi patterned unifacial flake removal along diree sides. Tbe striking platform of die artifect is a planear surfece widi no dear evidence bf use-wear identifying dus as a morphological tool only, Tbe four flake based tooh were recovered fiom die surface wirii die exception of a^ SDi-11570-9whichwasrecovcredfiomdiel0.20cmIcvelofSlP0N/30W. Thisartifect is a flake fiagment widi a series of small flakes removed fiom one edge. Tbis edge is highly weadiered and patinated, but use-wear may have been present at one time. Artifect SDi-H570-132 is a retouched flake or core fiagment widi primarily unifacial flake removal Use-wear is present as a high polish along die sharp points of one edge Artifacts SDi-11570-136 and SDi-11570-182 are bodi similar in duit diey represent flakes which have additional flakes removed along one edge. They bodi show edge rounding related to use-wear. Tiiree artifaas. aU recovered from die smface. tnay represent eidier core base or flake base tools. Artifact SDi-11570-118 represents a tool fragment wi± fine retouching along one edge. Tlie artifact is made firom fine-grain green metavolcanic material, but it is heavily weatiiered and patinated so tiiat use-wear detenmnation was not possible. Artifact SDi- 11570-159 represents a very smaU fragment of a tool edge. It may have been removed during tool rejuvenation. Retouching and use-wear are jaesent along tiie tool edge. Artifact SDi-11570.148 is a flake or core based tool fragment witii retouching along two 4-59 ATTACHMENTS Cultural Resource Survey of the Land Pac Project Carlsbad, Califomia (Gallegos and Pigniolo 1989) Qatkgos &Sks$ociates Cultural Resource Survey of the Land Pac Project Carlsbad, California Prepared for: land Pac P.O. Box 3078 Carlsbad, CA 92009 Prepared by: ERC Environmental and Energy Senrices 5510 Morehouse Drive Son DiegoXA 92121-1709 Project No. 39267.001 Oafe Protect Mcwioger Andrew Pigniolo jf Project Archaeotoglst November 1989 SOUTH COASTAL INFORMATION CENTER SCClAL 3ClE^•iCE RESEARCH LADCnA.'^ni COLLEGE OF ARTS AND LETTERS SAN DIEGO STATE UNIVERSITY SAN DIEGO CA 92182-0436 (619) 594-5682 November 8, 1989 Andrew Pigniolo ERC Environmental 5510 Morehouse Drive San Diego, CA 92121 Dear Andy: Thanks for sending us your site formsfor the Questhaven Project following trinomials have been assigned: The Field # CA-SDi-# Q-S-1 11,432 Q-S-2 11,433 Q-S-3 11,434 Q-S-4 11.435H Q-S-5 11.436 Q-S-6 11,437H Q.S-7 11.438 Q-S-8 11,439 Q-S-9 11.440 Q-S-10 11.441 Q-S-11 n,442/H Q-S-12 n,443H Q-S-13 n.444H The UTM*s were very accurate which we greatly appreciate Thanks again for the forms. Sincerely yours. Mjller Assistant Coordinator THE CALIFORNIA STATE UNIVERSITY TABLE OF CONTENTS SRCTIQN TTTLE ABSTRACT PAGE ni 1 1.1 1.2 INlRODUCnON Ptoject Description EnvhtHunental Setdng 1-1 1-1 1-1 2 2.1 2.2 BACKGROUND DATA Cultural Prehistory Prcvious Research 2-1 2-1 2-1 3 3.1 3.2 4 4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 HELD METHODS AND RESULTS Survey Methods Survey Results IMPACTS AND MITIGATION RECOMMENDATIONS Inqiacts and Recc»nmendations Impacts Recommendations Summary REFERENCES OTED 3-1 3-1 3- 1 4- 1 4-1 4-2 4-2 4- 4 5- 1 LIST OF FIGURES NUMBER l!IL£ 1 -1 Regional Location of Project Site 1-2 Project Location Map 3-1 Project Location Showing Areas of Cultural Material PAGE 1-2 1-3 3-2 TABLE OF CONTENTS (Continued) LIST OF TABLES 3- 1 Isolate Finds 3-10 4- 1 List of Sites, Recommendations and Status 4-3 I il ABSTRACT An archaeological literature review, site record check, historic map check, and survey was conducted for the Land Pac project Recmd search information and historic maps identify five prcviously recorded sites (SDi-4873/W-1115. SDi-7306/W-2379. SDi-7308/W-2381, SDi-7309/W-2382, and SDi-9918/W-3473) and dffee mapped historic stracture localities within die project area. One previously recorded site (SDi-7307/W-2380) is located direcdy northeast of the property and may receive secondary impacts. Thc field survey identified an additional 13 sites (Q-S-1 dun Q-S-13) and 11 isolates (Q-I-1 dun Q-I-11) within or direcdy adjacent to die pioject Portions of the project area have been previously surveyed (Cheever and Gallegos 1986a, Cheever and Gallegos 1986b. Eckhardt 1977, Kaldenberg 1975, and WESTEC 1984) and were spot checked only during die present study. Under the Califomia Envirramental Quality Act (CEQA), inq)ortant cultural resources and development impacts need to be identified, as well as mitigation measures provided to avoid or lessen impacts to unportant cultural resources. In all, 30 cultural resources are located within or adjacent to the project area. Of these 30 cultural resources, 2 are identified as important, 12 need additional work to determine site importance, and 16 are identified as not important Sites SDi-4873/W-l 115 and Q-S-13 are identified as iippoitant cultural resouices and as such, need to be addressed as to impacts and nutigation of impacts. Sites SDi-7306/W-2379. SDi-7308/W-2381, Q-S-1, Q-S-2. Q-S-3. Q-S-4, Q.S-5, Q-S-7, Q-S-8, Q-S-9, Q-S-10, and Q-S-11 require testing to determine site importance under CEQA. The identification of site SDi-9918/W-3473, SDi-7307/W-2380, SDi-7309/W-2382, Q-S-6, Q-S-12 and isolates Q-I-1 thru Q-I-11 as not iiiq)ortant cultural resources, precludes the need to address in^iacts or mitigation of in:q)acts as per CEQA. iii SECTION 1 INTRODUCTION 1,1 PROJECT DESCRIPTION The following report presents the results of an archaeological literature review, site reconls check, historic map check, and field survey of the Land Pac project This program was conducted by ERC Environmental and Energy Services Company for Land Pac. literaturc infonnation and site records on rccorded cultural resources within a one mile radius of the project area was obtained finom data provided by the South Coastal Infonnation Center at San Diego State Uiuversity and the San Diego Museum of Man and capits of historic USGS maps of the area werc checked for historic structures. In addition to the record search and historic map check, an in-field survey was conducted to identify cultural resources within the project boundary. The Land Pac project includes approximately 720 acres in the (Juesthaven area oi the City of San Marcos, California (Figure 1-1). The westem project boundary is Rancho $anta Fe Road with the north, east, and south irregular, but contained within Sections 20.29. and 32. Township 10 S, Range 3 W. Thc project is depicted on die USGS Rancho Santa Fe 7.5' quadrangle (Figure 1-2). 1.2 ENVIRONMENTAL SETTING The project arca includes a narrow valley formed by San Marcos Creek. Hills surround this valley on the north and south with the largest hill and slopes dominating the northem portionof the project area. The hills include both granitic and volcanic bedrock. Granitic bedrock provided prehistoric Native Americans bedrock milling surfaces for the processing of plant foods, while volcanic material (Santiago Peak Voteanic Formation) which outcrops in the eastem portion of the project area provided a source of fine-grained volcanic liduc material for making stone tools. San Marcos Creek provides a perennial source of water with additional seasonal water from small canyon drainages which converge on San MarcosCreek. The ridge in the northem portion of the projea area and much of the south facing slope have been brushed and planted with avocado trees. Several other areas in the center of the project have been brushed and a large quarry pit is located in the eastem portion of the 1-1 FALLBROOK OMOFI IWAKNEfl IWOS T ^X-^ VWTA OCfANSII O PROJECT LOCATION LEUCAOL UJm ESCONDIDO JULUUT RAMONA > •z. DELMUf LA JOI SANTEEI LAMf WGO .JAMUL *A JWTKH .DULZURA IMPERIALS BEAC» }M -— ERC Environmental and Energy Services Co. FIGURE Regional Location of Project Site SOURCE: USGS 7.5' Rancho Santa Fe Quadrangle 1968 r":^^^/^ / ERC Environmental and Energy Services Co. FIGURE Project Location as Shown on USGS IS Rancho Sante Fe Quadrangle Xr< C Q property. Most of die remaining ^opes are covered with dense mature clu^arral dominated by Chamise {Adenostoma fasciculatum). Black Sage {Salvia melifera\ axid California Buckwheat {Eriogonium fasciculatum), A variety of odier native plant species used for Native American food, medicine, and construction are present in the chaparral plant comimmity. Riparian vegetation draninated by Wllow (^alix sp.) and Sycamore (f*latinus racimosa) is present alcmg unaltered poitions of San Marcos Creek. Elevations within the project range fiom approximately 340 to 800 feet above mean sea level (MSL). 1-4 SECTION 2 BACKGROUND DATA 2.1 CULTURAL PREHISTORY For the past 10.000 years, die area now comprising San Diego County was occupied by Native Americans. This 10.000-year span is divided into two major archaeologically distma periods (Early and Late). Tlie Early Period includes two cultural complexes, the San Dieguito and the La JoUa/Pauma. The earliest occupants are known as die San Dieguito, who moved to inland and coastal San Diego County areas firom the east These people have been diaiacterized by the use of Santiago Peak Vokamcs in die manufiEicture of large leaf-shaped bifaces and scraper planes. La Jolla sites, also within the Early Period, tend to be located near the coast The people who occupied these sites depended primarily upon marine resources, as well as seed and vegetable foods. In general, die stone tool technology associated widi diese people is primarily cobble-based at coastal La JoUa sites. This refers to die use of locaUy available coarse-grained Eocene cobbles for stone tool manufacture. Tenned Pauma by True (1959), inland La Jolla sites more closely reswnble San Dieguito sites, widi findy-made stone tools, predominance of grinding in^lements (manos and metates. in particular), and a lack of shellfish remains. The use of the terms La Jolla and Pauma reflects availability of food, location of sites, and stone tool material for people occupying different regions of San Diego County, within the same geneial tune period. For the past 2000 years, material goods and traits associated with speakers of Yuman languages from the east (Colorado River regicm) were brought into Inq)erial and San Diego Counties. This period is identified as the Late Period or Late Prehistoric. These Late I^od prehistoric material goods and traits include ceramic artifacts, smaU projectile points, obsidian from Obsidian Butte, and die practice of cremation. 2.2 PREVIOUS RESEARCH ERC Environmental and Energy Services Company completed a thorough rcview of pertinent site record data and reports from the Soudi Coastal Informaticm Center at San Diego State Uiuversity and the San Diego Museum of Man which indicated that three prehistoric (SDi-7306/W-2379. SDi-7308/W-2381, and SDi-7309/W-2382) and two 2-1 historic sites (SDi-4873/W-1115 and SDi-9918/W-3473) were located direcdy widiin die project atea and one prehistoric resource (SDi-7307/W-2380) was located adjacent to die projea area. These sites were relocated during the field survey and arc described in detail in the results section of diis rcport Thirty sites were recorded within a one mile radius of the project area providing an indication of the types of sites present in the region. For discussion, sites within a one mile radius of die project area were grouped by type. The majority of recorded sites do not appear to date to the late prehistraic period since they lack characteristic artifacts such as ceramics, small projectUe points and obsidian from Obsidian Butte. These 30 sites include a historic cross widi an adobe base (SDi-4683/W-1082), 4 prehistoric liduc quarries (SDi-4495/SDi-449?/W-613, SDi-11004, SDi-11005, and W-917).including die Questhaven quarry site which may have suf^tied much of die flaked Uthic material used in the area, 13 prehistoric habiution sites (SDi-4396/W-915, SDi-4498/W-659. SDi-4679/W-1078, SDi-4682/W-1081, SDi-4684/W-1083, SDi-4685/W-1084, SDi-4687/W-1086. SDi-5080/W-1223, SDi-5081/W-1224. W-148A. W-191. W-1091, and W-1649) which include flaked lithic tools along with additional cultural material such as groundstone and sheU indicating multiple activities, 4 Uthic scatters (SDi-5541/W-1648, SDi-9772/W-341*l, SDi-9847, and W-1085) which inciude only flaked Udiic debitage and tools, 3 SheU scatters (SDi-468Q/W-1079, SDi-4681/W-1080. and SDi-4688), 3 isolated bedrock miUing features (SDi-7128/W-2210, W-1284, and W-2969). and 2 sites widi no data provided (SDi-4397 and W-1999). Several cultural resource investigations have been conducted within or direcdy adjacent to die project area. The nordicast comer of die projea was surveyed by Kaldenberg (1975) during a cultural resource study for Lakeshore Fanns Unit One and HUlside Farms. Eckhardt (1977) conducted a survey firom the water tanks on the northem edge of the project area along thc banks of San Marcos Creek. Neither of dicse surveys located cultural resources. WESTEC (1984) conducted a survey in die soudiem portion of die project locating one site (SDi-9918/W-3473). In 1986, Cheever and GaUegos (1986a. 1986b) conducted two surveys within the project, cme in the north and the other near the southem boundary. The southem most of die two surveys included thc property surveyed by WESTEC (1984) and site SDi-9918/W-3473 which was determined to not be important under CEQA (Cheever and GaUegos 1986b). Odier portions of die project area were investigated by Kaldenberg in 1975 and 1976 (Kaldenberg 1976) but portions of diis arca have been resurveycd with positive results and were reinvestigated during the present 2-2 project In 1988, BisseU and Raschke summarized some of die work conducted in dus region. Historic maps were checked for the presence of stmctures within the project area. One strucmre labded Ortega is located on a 1889 map of San Diego County drawn by Beasley. Four structures were located within the praject area on the 1901 edition of the Esccmdido 15' quadrangle surveyed in 1891 and 1898. One of these structures corresponds to the location of die Ortega Adobe (SDi-4873/W-1115) and anodier to site Q-S-4. The two odier stmctures indicated on 1901 Escondido quadrangle were not relocated during die field survey. AU four of these stmctures are discussed in Section 3. The 1948 edition of the Rancho Santa Fe 7.5' quadrangle did not identify any structures within die project area aldiough die Ortega Adobe (SDi-4873/W-l 115) was stiU standing at diat tinie. 2-3 SECTION 3 FIELD METHODS AND RESULTS 3.1 SURVEY METHODS Intensive field survey of the prpject area was conducted on September 21 thm 27.1989 by Andrew Pigniolo. Steven H. Briggs, Ed Baker, and MUce CaldweU. Transects over most of the projea area were surveyed on foot at intervals between 10 and 15 meters. Steep slopes (>40 degrees) with dense brush were surveyed using 20 to 40 m winding transects. AU bedrock outcrops within the study area were carefiiUy checked for bedrock milling features. Portions of the property which had been previously surveyed (Bgine 3-1) by Cheever and Gallegos (1986a). Cheever and Gallegos (1986b). WESTEC (1984). Eckhardt (1977), Kaldenberg (1975) werc briefly spot checked, which included an examination of high potential resource areas. VisibiUty over most of the projea area was poor due to a dense cover of avocado leaves and shrub vegetation. These were occasionaUy kicked tb cme side during the survey to expose the surface soiL Survey methods tmaploytd during this study conform to guidelines and rcquirenaents of die Society of Califomia Archaeology (King, et al. 1973) and those sa fnth by die National Park Service in their pamphlet "Guidelines for the Preparation of Statements on Environmental Impaa cm Archaeological Resources" (ScovU, et aL 1972). 3.2 SURVEY RESULTS Seventeen cultural resources and 11 isolate finds (Q-I-1 thm Q-I-11) were located within die project area, and two adcUtional sites (SDi-7307/W-2380 and Q-S-5) were located outside but adjacent to the projea area (Figure 3-1). Six of these 19 resources were prcviously recorded (SDi-4873/W-1115, SDi-7306/W-2379, SDi-7307/W-2380, SDi- 7308/W-2381, SDi-7309/W-2382, and SDi-9918/W-3473) and 13 additional sites (Q-S-1 thru Q-S-13) were recorded during die present study. Of the 19 sites identified within and direcdy adjacent to the project area, 12 are prehistcxric and 6 are historic. Site Q-S-11 contains both a historic and i»ehistoric compcment A cUscussion on the historic and prehistoric sites are discussed below by site number. 3-1 SOURCE: USGS 7.5' Rancho Santa Fe Quadrangle 1968 FEET ERC Environmental and Energy Services Co. FIGURE Cultural Resources Located within the Land Pac Pnaject Area ^ ic- I-^ , ^ Prehistoric Cultural Resources SDi-7306/W-2379 Tliis site, recorded by Graham in 1979 includes 1 quartz scraper, 1 sorated quartzite blade, various felsite and andesite debitage. 1 bifacial metavolcaiuc mano from which a tcshua flake was removed, and 1 hammerstone fiagment The site is Icx^ated on die sottth facing slope of a lidge anda tnrace above an abandoned rock quarry. Graham described the site as being 150 x 30 m but visibUity was poor during the present survey due to heavy brush and the site may be larger than previously reconlecL The majority of the cultural nu^^^rial is located on die western sale of the site on a flat terrace at the base of the hilL Apj^ujuuiatBly 10 flaked Uthic tcx>ls and additional groundstone were identified during the presrat survey otherwise the site is as previously recorded. Much of the material is patinated suggesting occupation widiin die Early Pericxi SDi-7307/W-2380 This site is recorded direcdy outside the pn>jea boundary in the northeastem portion of die project The rite is described by Graham andDittmar (1979) as being 30 x 30 mccQtumng several metavolcanic and quartz flakes. VisibUity and accessibiUty is extremdy poor doe to die presence of heavy brush. During die present project isolate Q-I-5 was located within dw projea area near the recorded site location. Graham and Dittmar suggest tbe ]x»flibUity of a prehistcnic quarry in dus area because of the nature c)f the beclrcx;k in this area. Present visibiUty was too poor to determine whether this isolate represents an extensicm of dtis site onto the projea area. SDi-7308/W-2381 This site is described as a large low density Udiic scatter by Graham (1979) who previously recorded the site. Debitage was rdocated in this area during die present survey but again surface visibiUty was poor. SDi-7309/W-2382 This site was not relocated where it was previously recorded but Uthic debitage was noted lower on the same ridge widun die project The site was first recorded by Graham (1979) 3-3 as a smaU (20 x 10 m) Uduc scatter with four large felsite flakes and one quartz scraping tooL \%ibiUiy was extremely poor during the present survey particularly in the previously recorded site area. Q-S-1 The site is a single bedrock miUing feature with cme grinding sUck. It is i^roximatdy 300 m east of Rancho Santa Fe Road on die south side of a smaU knoU widi a low bedrock outcrop. The feature is near ground levd and is in an area which spears to have been brushed in the past Site area, which includes only the feature is approximatdy 1x2m. Depth of the site is unknown and no surface artifacts were observed during the survey. Q-S-2 This site is also a single bedrock milling feature with one irregulariy shaped grinding sUck. It is approximately 500 m east of Rancho Santa Fe Road on the west side of a smaU drainage near the base of a large mountain topped with water tanks. The feature is cm one of two large boulders approximately 15 m north of an east/west fence line and approximatdy 2x2 meters in area. No artifacts were observed at the site but visibiUty was extremely poor due to vegetative cover* The site area appears undisturbed. Q-S-3 The site is a smaU temporary camp consisting of a Uthic and sheU scatter. It is approximately 400 m east of Rancho Santa Fe Road and was observed along a dirt road in a relativdy flat portion of a gendy sloping hiUside. SmaU drainage guUies mark the east and west ends of the site and on the eastem end a north/south din road intersec^ts the east/west din road that passes through the length of the site. Surface visibiUty was generaUy poor. The site is approximatdy 20 m nordi of an existing industrial development and covers an area approxinuitdy 10 m north/south by 100 m east/west No features were observed but cultural material included 9+ flakes/angular waste and 4-i- sheU fragments observed in the road where surface visibiUty was greatest Flakes were patinated green fine-grained metavolcanic. The site is undisturbed except for a din road which cuts through the length of the site. AU artifacts except one were observed in road 3-4 Q-S-5 Tbis site is a smaU bedrock milling station located direcdy east of, and at the top of. the Rancho Santa Fe roadcut ui a large bedrock outcrop. The bedrock milling is on the largest boulder of the outcrop which partiaUy overhangs the road Tliis site is direcdy adjacent to the projea area. The site area is approximatdy 5 m north/south by 10 m easl/wesL The site indudes a single feature with two bedrock grinding sUcks. No aitifiicts were observed but surfitce visibiUty was poor due to heavy bmsh. If subsurface deposits are present they may have been partiaUy removed by the cut for Rancho Santa Fe Road The site is otherwise undisturbed and covered by dense brash. Q-S-7 This site is a small bedrcx;k miUing station with a single sUck and mano. It is approxiinately 200 m east of Rancho Santa Fc Road on the nordi side of a smdl drainage pn the northem end of the projea area. A graded area is lcx:ated southwest and a dozed road is located to the south. The site consists of a granitic bedrock nulling feature with a single grinding sUck. The feature is approximately 2 x 2 m in size and cme unifadal sandstone mano was located adjacent to the feature. No other artifacts were observed at die site but visibility was poor. The area around die feature appears undisturbed Q-S-8 The site is a bedrock milling station with three features and cme mano. It is s^proximatdy 200 m east of Rancho Santa Fe Road and south of Questhaven Road It is on the east side ofa smaU drainage in a smaU north/south trending canyoitThe site covers a 10 x 10 m area and includes three grarutic bedrock miUing features each with a single basin. One mano firagment was Icxiated adjacent to the northem basin but no other artifacts were observed The area around the feature appears rdativdy undisturbed although din roads are present Q-S-9 This site is sqyproximately 50 m east of Rancho Santa Fe Road and south of (Juesthaven Road It is located on the east side of a smaU knoU which has recendy been graded. The site consists of a bedrock ndlUng statkm widi several features containing more dian 15 sUcks. One mano fragment was stuck in a crack in the bedrock. The site area is 3-5 ^proximately 15 x 15 m and indudes several granitio bedrock milUng features. The only artifaa observed during the survey was the previously mentioned mano fragment. Area around the feature appears relatively undisturbed aldiough the knoU top above the site has recendy been graded for a soUs test Q-S-10 The site is i^^xroximatdy 1.1 km east of Rancho Santa Fe Road north of (Questhaven Road It is located on the west side of a steep hiU approximately 200 m west of the dam at Lake San Marcos. It is also cm the eastem side of a large graded and disturbed area. The site is a bedrock milling staticm with several features containing numercms sUcks and at least two bech^ock mortars. A rock aUgnment on one of the boulders may incUcate a granary base. The site covers an area !q)proximatdy 15 x 15 nt No artifects were observed but several possible fire affected rocks were observed The area around the feature appears relatively undisturbed although the area west of the site has recendy been graded Q-S-11 The site is approximatdy 1.5 km east of Rancho Santa Fe Road just south of Questiiaven Road It is located cm a smaU ridge only partiaUy widiin die projea area. The site c^tains both prehistoric and historic components discussed below. As a whole the site is a prehistoric temporary camp with shell. Uthics and tools and a historic ccmipcment of scattered histtnic refiise. The site covers an area approximatdy 20 m nordi/scmth by 100 m east/west Artifacts, both prehistoric and historic include 3 green fine-grained volcanic flakes within die projea area but s^»proximatdy 10 flakes and 2 cores beyond die project boundary. Historic artifacts include 1 purple glass botde stepper, 3 aqua glass mason jar fragments, 1 clear glass firagment with raised letters. 2 tin can fiiagments. and 1 plain white ware ceramic sherd The site also includes two clusters of sheU including Chione spp. Donax and Argopecten spedes. Historic Cultural Resomces SDi-4873/W-1115 This is die site of the Onega Adobe. The adobe waUs are stiU standing under a roof structure designed to protea them. The adobe is presentiy widtin a private park and 3-6 landscaping has occurred up to the waUs of the adobe. The site was first recorded by Kaldenberg as a smaU adobe house with a wocxien roof. He noted metal and a fewfiakes at the site when it was recorded Kaldenberg (1976) suggests duu die stracture was bmit in 1868 by three Frenchman who were nuning copper in the area. He also notes that Jose Mc>rales arid Jc>seMaiia Alvarado famUies cx^ciqned die house. The Beasley mi^ conned in 1889 labels die adobe widi die name Onega. Charies KeUy, an early resident of die area recaUed that Juan Ortega moved into die house after the Frenchman had left (Kaldenberg 1976). SDi-99ia/W-3473 TTus site was recorded by Thesken during die 1984 survey by WESTEC. It is described as being... " a historic adit asscKiated with the Endnitas copper deposit which was worked firom 1887 to 1917. The horizontal shaft is approximately 10 meters long. Timbers are strewn at the adit entrance. It is likely that this acUt was estabUshed by the Encinitas Copper Company whose major operaticms were located sq)proximately 1.5 mUes soudi." Based on an interview with Charles KeUy, Kaldenberg (1976) notes diat three Frenchman buUt and occupied the Onega Adobe in 1868 and worked a copper mine. SDi-9918/W-3473 may be rdated to these eariy copper explorations as it is the closest cc^per adit to the adobe. This site was detennined to be unimportant under CEQA (Cheever and GaUegos 1986b) and was not revisited during the present study. Q-S^ This histcnic site consists of a concrete foundation, building materials and trash. It is located q)proxiinatdy 25 m east of Rancho Santa Fe Road on the eastem edge of a smaU graded and fiUed area. Pan ofthe site is in an erocledguUy while the ccmcrete foundation is nearby in a rdativdy flat area. A historic cemetery ((2-S-13) is northwest of die site. The site is i^)proximatdy 60 m north/south by 40 m east/west and depth of at least 60 cm was indicated in an erosicm guUy. Features at the site include a ccmcrete foundation and refuse 3-7 L deposit Artifacts include fired adobe brick, many with cement mortar, and one with the inipressed word 'Tvfexico.'* bricks, milled lumber. 1950$ thra recent bottles, cans, plastic, and metal and ceramic pipe. Tlie stmcture asscxdated with the foundation noay have been gracled and the buildmg debris located indie guUy may be remnants that have been covered by grading activity at the site. A structure appears in this area on the 1901 USGS quadrangle. If this site is the same, then eariier remains may be present in the graded deposit Pepper trees are present scmthcxf the site. (J-S-6 This site consists of a rock caim mth no associated artifacts. The feature is probably of recent or historic origm dthough Uchoi is weU established on the rocks and the feature is sUghdy overgrown by bmsh. The site is approximately 100 m east of Rancho Santa Fe Road on a ridge slcjpe near a smaU bedrock outcrop. The site ccmsists of a stacked rock caim. conical in shape, and approximately 2 meters in diameter and two meters high. No surface artifacts were observed m die area but surface visibiUty was poor due to heavy brush. <^S-12 The site is approximately 1.2 km east of Rancho Santa Fe Road and 250 m south of (Questhaven Road on a ridge slope under a cluster of Eucdyptus trees. It consists of a stone aUgnment which may rqn?esent the lower levd of a histcnic rock retaining waU. The feature is approximately 5 m nordi/south by 10 m east/west No stmctures are identified on historic maps and no artifacts were observed Q-S-13 This site is a smaU historic cemetery located approximately 5 m east of Rancho Santa Fe Rc>ad and just ncnth of Meaclow Laric Ranch Road under a tow of Eucdyptus trees. Three wocxi crosses are present surrouncied by a wood fence. The cemetery covers an area approximately 15 m nordi/south by 10 m east/west Features include three wocxien crosses maridng graves and a low wcxxl fence around the cemetery. It is reported diat there are as many as 7 burials here dating to just before and after die tum of the century. The site is relatively imcUsturbed although many of the markers and pan of the fence has been removed 3-8 Odier Bistoric LocaUties Two adcUtiond structures were ictentified on eariy maps within or directiy adjacent to the projea area. One of these structures is mapped near Rancho Santa Fe Road in the west centrd pc^on or the prcjea area south of the kxiation of Q-S-4 and (^S-13. Several pepper trees were observed in this area bat no odwr evidence cxf a structure was observed The scde of the 1901 15' Esccmdido quadrangle where this structure is shown is not aciequate to determine if the stmcture is within the projea or just beyond the projea bcmndary in the industrid ccmi^Iex. The other structure is dso shown on the 190115* Esccmdido quadrangle but is east of the Ortega adobe on the ncHth side of San Marcos Creek at a major bend No evidence of a structure was noted during the Eckhardt survey CEckhardt 1977). The area is presentiy occupied and posted so access was Umited Again the scde of the early map does not aUow for a gocxl detennination of structure lcx:aticm. Isolate Finds A totd of 11 isolate finds were recorded as a resdt of this study. These isolates, include 7 flakes/angular waste. 2 cores. 1 scraper, and 1 sheU (Table 3-1). Isolates were coUeaed catdogued and curated 3-9 TABLE 3-1 ISOLATE FINDS Isolate Caudogue Materia]/ Length Widdi Thickness Weight Number Number Count Culturd Mat^id Type (cm) (cm) (cm) (cm) Cortex Patmaticm Levd Q-I-1 Q-I-1-1 1 Modified flake Fine-grdned metavolcanic 61.3 41.4 14.1 3L1 yes heavy surface (J-I-2 <J-I-2-l 1 Fldce Porphyritic ---11.8 no yes surface Q-I-3 (J-I-3-1 I Angular waste Fine-grained metavolcanic ---477.3 no yes surface Q-I-5 0-1-5-1 1 Angular waste Fme-grained metavolcanic ---45.3 no yes surface (J-I-6 <}-I-6-l 2 Flakes Fme-grained nwtavolcanic ---10 no yes surface (J-I-7 (J-I-7-1 1 Flake Porphyritic ---28.8 yes yes surface Q-I-7 Q-I-7-2 1 Corc Fine-grained metavolcanic 68.1 44.2 36.2 87.3 yes yes surface Q-I-8 Q.I-8-1 1 Angular waste Fine-grdned metavolcanic - - • -33 yes yes suiface Q-I-9 Q-I-9-1 1 Core Fine-grained nwtavolcanic 117.1 68.9 49.7 528.5 yes ycs surface Q-MO (J-I-10-1 1 Scraper Porphyritic 75.4 85.3 29.8 255.3 yes yes surface (J-I-11 (J-Ml-1 1 SheU ----0.8 --surface SECTION 4 IMPACTS AND MITIGATION RECOMMENDATIONS 4.1 IMPACTS AND RECOMMENDATIONS As suggested by Moratto and KeUy (1976:193-202). die significance of archaeologicd resources should be assessed is seveid terms, including research vdue to the sdentist. educational/aesthetic/cdturd vdue to the ccmmnunity at large and to Native Americans. Sdentific importance of a site is not necessarily proportiond to the number of museum quaUty artifacts that a site contains, but to the data that is generated from archaeologicd investigaticm(s) at the site. Native Americ:an dgnificance can indude reUgious spiritud feeUngs/artifacts^eatures, a spiritud place, shaman artifacts for s^nritud healing, or features such as cairns or rock an (pictogn^hs), or places where ceremcmies were ccmducted In adcUticm, physicd remains to include cremations and/or burials are significant to Native Americans and these vdues are protected under bodi State and federd law. Educationd and interpretative vdue ioay be derived through dther site preservation or a data recovery program. In a preserved state, interpretative programs for certain prehistoric sites can provide the public; with a sense of timdessness, as weU as an awareness, which they may not have experienced PubUc education through schcx>l field trips provides access to Native American sites, within their own commimities. to be used to explain how people Uved. in another time pericxL In certain cases, various types of sites can be used to show a range of prehistoric activities to include rock art (pictognq)h sites); quany sites, where artifacts were manufactured; miUing stations, where acorns were ground; and Early and Late period viUage camp sites where pecple lived for over die past 9000 years. Under State CEQA requirements. Appendix K, Section in an ux^rtant archaeologicd resource is one which: A. Is associated with an event orperscm of: 1. Recognized significance in Califomia or American history. or 4-1 M. Kecogoizea scienuxic io^K^uuice in premstoiy. B. Can provide infonnation which is both of demonstrable pubUc intercst and usefiil in addressing scientificaUy consequentid and reascmable or archaeologicd research questions, C. Has a specid or particdar quaUty such as oldest, best example, largest, or last surviving cxaii^Ie of its kind, D. Is at least 1(X) years old and possesses substantid stratigraphic integrity, or E. Involves important rcsearch questions that historical research has shown can be answered cmly widi archaeologicd methods. Of the 30 cdturd resource sites and isoUues lcx:ated within or inmiediately adjacent to the project area, 2 are identified as important, 16 as not important, and 12 neecUng additiond wcnk to determine site inqxntance (Table 4-1) under CEQA. 4.2 IMPACTS Two types of impacts may resdt finom proposed development of the project are: dircct and indirect Direa inq)acts are diose asscxnated with constmcticm and develc^moent activities. Dircct impacts may cx:cur to dl resources within the project area depencUng on specific development plans. Indirect impacts arc those assodated with increased access to an area wherc cdturd resources exist which includes both staging of equipment within this area and increased pubUc access. 4.3 RECOMMENDATIONS Sites SDi-9918/W-3473, SDi-7307/W-2380, SDi-7309/W-2382, (J-S-6. Q-S-12 and isolates Q-I-1 thra Q-I-11 do not qualify as important under CEQA and therefore reqdrc no further archaeologicd investigation. Sites SDi-4873/W-1115 and Q-S-13 represent important cdturd resources under CEQA criteria and impacts to these resources will require mitigation. Sites SDi-7306/W-2379, SDi-7308/W-2381, Q-S-1, Q-S-2. Q-S-3. 4-2 TABLE 4-1 LIST OF SITES, RECOMMENDATIONS AND STATUS Pennanent Temporary Site Number Site Number Site Record 1 to2 Status Type Milling Posthole Units Comments Recommendatii)ns Bedrock MiUing X X ? Single bedrock niilUng slick Test Bedrock MiUing X X ? Single bedrock miUing slick lest SmaU Temporary Camp -X X Contains lUhics and sheH Test Hisioric --? FbundaUon, and historic debris Test Bedrock MiUing X X ? Single bedrock milfiag feature with two slkks Test Historic --? Rock caim NI Bedrock MUUng X X ? Single bedrock milUng feature with One slick lest Bedrock MUUng X X ? Three bedrock milling features each wilh one basin Test Bedrock MUUng X X ? Several features containing 15 sUcks and one mano lest Bedrock MUling X X ? Several features containing numeroui slicks and 2 mortars 'lest Temporary Camp/Hisloric X X X Lithics, shell, stone tools, hisioric d6bris i*ist Historic ---Rock wall Nl Histonc ---Omeiary I Historic ---Onega Adobe I Tenqxxary Camp -X X Small temporary camp lest Lithk Scatter ---Several flakes Nl Lidiic Scatter --Low density Uthics lost Lithk Scatter ---Low density Uthics Nl Histonc ---Copper mine NI Isolate Find ----NI SDi-4873 SDi-7306 SDi-7307 SDi-7308 SDi-7309 SDi-9918 CJ-S-l C3-S-2 CJ-S-3 CJ-S-4 Q-S-S Q-S-6 <3-S-7 <i-S-8 C3-S-9 Q-S-10 <3-S-ll C3-S-12 CJ-S-13 Isolates C^I-1 Ihni C^I-10 I = Important NI - Not important, no further work Test=Test to determine site imponance Q-S-4. Q-S-5, Q-S-7. Q-S-8, <^S-9, Q-S-10, and Q-S-11 require testing to determine site importance uncier CEQA. Uw goals of this testing program wiU include determining site size, depth, content, integrity, and potentid of the site(s) to address in:qx>rtant research questions. More spcdficaUy, if impacts wUl occur, testing of sites SDi-7306/W-2379, Q-S-3, and Q-S-11 shodd include a shovd test pit (STP) series excavated at 10 to 20 m intervds in perpendicular axes across the site area to identify and define subsurface deposits, and if a subsurface deposit is present, the excavaticm of between 1 and 2 intmtively placed 1 x 1 m test units, and surfece coUection as necessary. Surface brashing with a smdl backhoe under the supervision of a qualified archaeologist may be necessary in certain areas. Testing of sites Q-S-1. Q-S-2, Q-S-4, Q-Sr5, Q-S-7, <J-S-8, Q-S-9. and (J-S-10. shodd include excavation of intmtively place STPs. and if necessaiy a single 1 x 1 m test unit, recordation of features, surface coUection of artifacts and data andysis. 4.4 SUMMARY Thirty culturd resources arc identified within or adjacent to the project area. Sites SDi-4873/W-1115 and Q-S-13 are identified as important culturd rcsources and as such, need to be addressed as to impacts and mitigation of impacts. Twelve sites, SDi-7306/W-2379, SDi-7308/W-2381. Q-S-1. Q-S-2, Q-S-3. Q-S-4, Q-S-5, Q-S.7. Q-S-8, Q-S-9. Q-S-10, and (J-S-11, rcquirc testing to detennine site importance under CEQA. The identification of sites SDi-9918/W-3473. SDi-7307/W-2380. SDi-7309/W-2382, Q-S-6, and Q-S-12 and isolates Q-I-1 thra Q-I-11 as not important cdturd rcsources. precludes the need to adchess impacts or nutigation of impacts as per CEQA, amended 1984. 4-4 SECTION 5 REFERENCES CITED Beasley. T. D. 1890 Offldd Map of San Diego County, Cdifcxnia. BisseU. Rcmald M. and Rcxi Raschke 1988 CXdturd and Pdeontologicd Resources Literature Review of die Rancho Santa Fe and (Questhaven Business Centre, Ms. on fUe. South Coastd Information ^ Cestnv&uiIH^ State l^m«lsiQ^ Cheever, Dayle and Denius GaUegos 1986a CuUurd Resource Survey of Industrid Parcel #096. San Marcos. Califomia. Ms. cm file. ERC Enviromnentd and Energy Seivices Company, San Diego. CaUfomia. 1986b Culturd Resimrce Survey of Industrid Parcel #097, San Marcos, California. Ms. on fUe. ERC Environmentd and Eneigy Services Company, San Diego, California. Eckhardt WUiamT. 1977 Archaeologicd Survey of the Assessment Districts Number 76-1 and 76-3. San Marcos County Water Disoict Ms. on file. ERC Environmentd and Eno-gy Services Company. San Dilgo, California. Graham, William 1979 Archacotogicd Site Survey Rec(»d for Site SDi-7306. Site fonn on file, Soudi Coastd Motmaticm Center. San Diego State University. (jraham, WiUiam and Ed Dittmar 1979 Archaeologicd Site Survey Record for Site SDi-7307. Site form on fUe, Soudi Coastd Infonnaticm Center, San Diego State Umversity. Kaldenberg. RusseU L. 1975 An Archaeologicd Resource In^aa Repon for Lakeshorc Farms Umt One and HUlside Farms. Ms. on fUe. ERC Environmentd and Energy Services Company, San Diego, CaUfomia. 1976 An Intensive Archaeologicd Reconnaissance of the La Costa Land Company Property, Clarlsbad CaUfomia. Ms. on fUe, ERC Environmentd and Energy Services Company, San Diego, Califcmda. 5-1 King, Thomas F., Michad Moratto and N. Ndson Leonard 1973 Recommended Procedures for ArchaeobgicdlnqjaaEvduation. Umversity of CaUfomia Archaeologicd Survey and Society of CaUfomia Archaeology. ScovU, Douglas, Harhmd J. Gordon and Kddi M. Henderson. 1972 Gmdelines for thc Prcparation of Statements of Envuxmnwntd Impact on Archaeologwd Resources. Nationd Park Service, Tucson, Arizona. Trae, D.L. 1959 An Early Complex in San Diego County, CaUfomia. American Antiquity 23(3):255-264. Umted States Geologic Survey 1901 Escondido 15 minute Quadrangle. 1948 Rancho Santa Fe 7.5 minute Quadrangle. WESTEC 1984 Cdturd Resource Survey of San Marcos Industrid Paric. Ms. on fUe. ERC Environmentd and Energy Services Conpany, San Diego, California. •J«^-;-->Tr-=^ 5-2 Q-S-4, Q-S-5, Q-S-7, (J-S-8. Q-S-9, (J-S-10. and Q-S-11 require testmg to determine ate imponance under CEQA. Tlie goals of this testing program wiU include determining site size, depth, content, integrity, and potentid of the site(s) to address in^xmant research questions. Morc specificaUy, if impacts wiU cxxur, testing of sites SDi-7306/W-2379. Q-S-3, and Q-S-11 shodd include a shovd test pit (STP) series excavated at 10 to 20 m intervds in perpendicular axes across the site area to identify and define subsuiface deposits, and if a subsurface deposit is present, the excavation of between 1 and 2 intmtively placed 1 x 1 m test uiuts, and surface coUection as necessary. Suiface bmshing with a smaU backhcw under the supervision of a qualified archaeologist may be necessary in certain areas. Testing of sites Q-S-1. (^S-2. (J-S-4, Q-S-5. Q-S-7, Q-S-8, Q-S-9, and Q-S-10. 5hodd include excavation of intuitively place STPs, and if necessary a single 1 x 1 m test uiut, recordation of features, suiface coUection of artifaas and data andysis. 4.4 SUMMARY Thirty culturd rcsources arc identified within or adjacent to the project area. Sites SDi-4873/W-l 115 and Q-S-13 are identified as important cdturd resources and as such, need to be addressed as to impacts and mitigation of impacts. Twelve sites. SDi-7306/W-2379, SDi-7308/W-2381. Q-S-1. Q-S-2. Q-S-3, Q-S-4, (J-S-5. Q-S-7. Q-S-8, Q-S-9, Q-S-10, and Q-S-11, require testing to determine site importance under CEQA. The identification of sites SDi-9918/W-3473, SDi-7307/W-2380,^Di 7300/SV"g!?fl'l, SDi-7309/W-2382, Q-S-6, and Q-S-12 and isolates <J-I-1 dmi Q-I-11 as not important culturd resources, precludes the need to address impacts or mitigation of impacts as per CEQA, amended 1984. 4-4 APPENDIX A SITE RECORD FORMS state of CaUfomia • The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION Permanent Trinomial: Supplementf ] ARCHAE0LCX3ICAL SITE RECORD Temporary Number .Q^Sd . Page 1 of 4 Agency Designation*,. ^ 1. Countv: San Dieao 2. USGS CJuad: Rancho Santa Fe f7.5'^ 1968 (15') Photorevised , 3. UTM Coordinates: Zone 11 / 479200 Easting / 366317P Northing () 4. TQwnahipigS RangeaWt NE1/4 ofJMIM offiUfltlM oflMIM of Section.22_Base (Mer) SBiC) 5. Map Coordinates: 74 mmS 105 mmE (from NW comer of map)6. Elevation 440 faet. () 7. Location: The site ta anaroitimatelv 300 m east of Rancho Santa Fe Road between San Mareoa and la CfMte tn the Citv of Carishari CaUfomia. It is on the south aide of a small knoll with vafv low bedrock. The feature is barelv above ground surface on one end and la In an area which appears to have been bmshed in the oast. \— i) 8. Prehistoric XX Historic Protohistoric 9. Site Descriptton: SInyla twtirgcK milling slicK. ' — 10. Aread__Mam(l«ngth)x2__Bfi£m(widlh) 2 ^m^. Method of Determination: EgHmation f) 11. Depth: Unknownem Method of Datarmination: No surface artifacts obsewed. () 12. Features: Single irregular bedrock milling slick on low granitic bedrock outeroD. i) 13. Artifacts: No surface artifacts observed. .() 14. Non-Artifactual Constituents: None obaewed. () 15.Date Recorded: 9/g2/a9 16. Recorded By:Andrew Pioniolo and Steven H. Brioos () 17. Affiliation and Address: FRC gnvironmental. 5510 Morehouse Dr .San Dieoo. CA 92121—{) State of California • The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD 18. Human Remains: None obsen/ed. Permanent Trinomial: .Supplement[ ] Temporary Number: Q-S-1 Agency Designation: n 19. Site Integrity: Fair. Higher parts of tha knoll appear to have baan brushed in the oast -() 20. Nearest Water (type, distance and direction): Sgasanal drainaoa approx. 75m west. 21. Largest Body of Water within 1 km (type, distance and direction): Creek approx 1/gm Sf) 22. Vegetation Community (site vicinity): Coastal Sana Scnjb. [Plant Ust ()] () 23. Vegetation Community (on site): Coastal Saoe Scmb. [Plant List ()] () • References for above: Munz 1974 „ {) 24. Site Soil; Reddish siltv loam. f ) 25. Surrounding Soil- Reddish sUtv loam. {) 26. Geoiogv! Volcanic. ( ) 27. Landform Small knoll. () 28. Slopa: 30 degrees. ( ) 29. Exposure:.SflUltL 30. Landowner(s) (and/or tenants) and Address ^ .() Ji) 31. Remarics. - 32. References: Pigniolo. Andrew and Dennis Gaileoos 1989 Cultural Resource Survev of the Land Pac Pro|ect. Carisbad. California. X) -() 33. Name of Project Ouesthaven. 34. Type of Investigation: Surface Survey. 35. Site Accession Number 36. Photos: HQ 37. Photo Accession Number: . Curated At: Taken By: _ FRC Fnvironmental. On File At: PRC gnvironmental. .() -() .() .0 N t AflCMSOLOGlCAU SfTS MAP Q-S-1 3_ 4 I ,flW6HC SOURCE: USC^S 7.5" Randio Santa Fo (Quadrangle 1968rCZ^^^ FEET if ^1 ERC Environmental and Energy Services Co. FIGURE Cuttural Resources Located wfthln the Land Pac Project Area staf (rf Calltemia^ • The fteaourres Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION Permanent Trinomial; ^Supplement( ] ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Temporary Nuntben ja:S:2 . Page 1 of 4 Agency D*«^ation: 1. Caunty! San Dieoo Z USOS Quad: Raneho Santa Fe f7.sn 1968 (IF) Photorevised , 3. UTM Coordinates: Zone ii / 470340 Easting / 3eeag7Q Northing () 4. TowntHpl2& n«^«3^QeLS.1/2 of^1/4 o^lM dSHfiCtM of Sectton^SIL^ase (Mer) S&i) 5. Map Coordinataa: 7Q mmS ill mmE (fram NW comer of map)6. Elevation 51 Ofeet f) 7. I toafinn' Thf aHa la aoproximatelv 500 m east of Raneho Santa Fe Road between San MarcM and la Caata In tha fthv of Carisbad. CaHfomla. It l« on the WeSt Side Of a small dminaga iriaar **|f t%«^ «tf ^ large mountain toooad wtth water tanks. The feature is on one of two lama houldara «mxlmatetv 15 m north of an east/west fenceline. i) 8. PreWatorlc xx Historic Protohistoric 9. Site Description: Single bBtinitivfnliw-allds^ — i) Arac2..£ISm(l^ 4 m2. Method of Detennination: SsftllfBgn. f) 11. Depth: Unknownem Method of natarminatian! NoWaca artifacts obsewed. () 12. Features: Sinole Irregular bedrock milling sUck on granitic bedrock outcrop. .{) 13. Artifacts: No surface artifacts observed. Ji) 14. Non-Artffactual Constituents: None obeewed. Ji) 15.Date Reconiad: 9gg«fl ie. Recorded BvtAndrew Plofiiolo and Steven H. Brioos () 17. Affiliation and Address: PRC Fnvlmnmantal SSIO Mofahousa Dr. San Dieoo. CA 92121 () State of CaHfomia - The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS ANO RECREATION ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD PaQ«-2-0f_l_ 18. Human Remains: Nona obeawed. Permanent Trinomial: .Supplement!} Temporaiy Number Q-S-g Agamy Designation: X) 19. Site Integritr. The araa anaaara undtaturbed. r i) 20. Nearest Water (type, distance and direction): Seaaoi^ drainage approx. 5m east () 21. Largest Body of Water within 1 km (type, disUnce and direction): Creak aoprax l/gm Sf) 22. Vegetation Community (site vicinity): Coasts Sage Scmb. [Plant List ()l () 23. Ve^tation Community (on site): Coaatal SaoeSen^. fPlant Ust (}1 (} References for above: Munz 1974 . . () 24. SHe Soil: Redftish siltv team. f ) 25. Surrounding Soil; Reddish siltv kam. { ) 28. Qaology; Phitonte. . f ) 27. Landform Smag canvon. () 28. 8lopr.^_JildBaEBfi&. S) 29. Exposur»:.&ffit. 30. Landawner(s) (and/or tenants) and Address 31. Remarics. - Ji) J) S) 32. References: Plgnloto. Andrew and Dennis Galleaoa 1989 Cultural Resouree Survev of the Land Pae Profect. Cariabad. CaHfomia. 33. Nama of Profact Ouasthaven. () t \ 3S. Site Aecaasion Number - Curated At: CRC Environmental. f 1 38. Photos: No Taken Bv: {) 37 Photo Aecasslnn Numbar - On File At: ERC Environmental. 0 ^TlMfta oaPAimiaNT or PAAXS ANO RSCMATION AftCHEOLOGlCALSrrg MAP Q -S-2 I \ N ERC Environmental and Energy Services Co. FIGURE Cultural Resources Located wtthin the Land Pac Project Areg (gg^ State of Califomia - The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION Permanent Trinomial: ^Supplement! ] ARCHAFOI OGir.Al ?5ITC pfrr^nnn -r,- M.._U„. ^ C O Pace 1 of 4 Agency Designation: 1. Countv: SanDiego 2. USGS Quad: Rancho Santa Fe ^7.5'^ 1968 (15') Photorevised , 3. UTM Coordinates: Zone 11 / 479500 Easting / 3663000 Northing ( ) 4. Townshipl2£ RangeJ^L^IM of..SW1/4 ofM£1/4 oflM1/4 of Section 29 Basa (Mer) ££() 5. Map Coordinates: flJ_mmSJJ2_'nfnE (from NW comer of map)6. Elevation 420 feet. () 7. Location: The site is aPDrgxrmatelv 400 m eaat of Rancho Santa Fe Road between San Marcos anc La Costa in the Citv of Carisbad. Cslifomia. The site was observed along a dirt road in a relativetv flat area of a vew oentlv stooino hillside. Verv small drainaoe ouines marie the east and west ends of the site and on the eaatem and a north/snuth dirt mad IntMsacta tha eastftyeat dirt read that passes through the lenoth of the site. Tha site is aooroirim^taiv 9nm north of an existino industrial development. i) 8. Prehistoric XX Historic ' Protohistoric 9. Site Description: Small temporarv camp consisting of a lithic and shell scatter. -() 10. Area:lIldtJl£m{Iength)xli2IL£Wm(width) JfiQQ_m2. Method of Determination: Estimation t) 11. Depth: Unknownem Method of Determination:_: _() 12. Features: None observed 13. Artifacts: 9+ flakes/anoular waste observed in road area where surface visibility was greatest. Flakes were patinated green flne-orained metavolcanre. -() 14. Non-Artifactual Constituents: 4* shell fragments were also observed in the road area — ' _ (} 15.Daie Recorded: 9/22/89 16. Recorded Bv:Andrew Pigniolo and Steven H. Brings (\ 17. Affiliation and Address: ERC Environmentai. 5510 Morehouse Dr..San Diego. CA 92121 () State of Califomia - The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Pace 2 of 4 18. Human Remains: None observed Permanent Trinomial: .Supplement! ] Temporary Number: Q-S-3 Agency Designation: 19. Site Integrity: Good. A dirt road cuts throuQli the site area but most of the area on both sides of The road appears relattvelv undisturbed, -( ) 20. Nearest Water (type, distance and direction): SmaH Seasonal drainaoaa waat and / ) 22. Veget^on Community (sHe vicinity): Coastal s^e Scmb. 23, Vegetaticr, Community (or, siie); Ccsslal Saoe Scrub. References for above: Mum 1974 JPIantUstOl () JPlant List ()j () () 24. Site Soil: Reddish siltv !oam ( ) 25. Surrounding Soil: Reddish siltv loam ( ) 26. Geology:_£lulaiailL { ) 27. Landfomi VaUavSlnrM () 28. Slope: § tiWI^S. .( ) 29. Exposure:.£flulti. -() 30. Landowner(s) (and/or tenants) and Address ^ 31. Remarks. All artifacts except one were observed in road. Surface vislbliitv is generally poor in other areas. o o Ui -() References: PignioiO. Andrew and Dennis Gallenn^i 1089 Cuttural Resouree Survey nf the Land Pac Proiact C^arishari ralifnmla . -() -() 33. Name of Project Questhaven 34. Type of Investigation: Surface Survey. 35. Site Accession Number ^ 36. Photos: lss 37. Photo Accession Number Curated At: PRC Fnvimnmantal Taken By: Steven H Rrigg^ On File At: ERC Envirgnmemai. .() .() .() -() State of Califbmia • The Ftesources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION Pennanent Trinomial: Suoolementr 1 ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Temporary Number Q-S^ , Page_J_of_4_ Agency Designation: '" " . 1. County: San Diego 2. USGS Quad: Rancho Santa Fe f7.5'^ 1968 (15*) Photoreviaed , 3. UTM Coordinates: Zone _1J / 479100 Easting / 3663270 Northing () 4. TownshipI2£ Range^l^L^IM of^l/4 0^1/4 o^1/4 of Sectionja_Base (Mer) SQi ) 5. Map Coordinates: 71 mmS 120 mmE (from NW corner of map)6. Eievation 420 feat, f) 7. Location: The site is approximately 25 i east of Rancho Santa Fe Road between San Marcos and la Coeta in tha Chv of Carisbad. Califomia. The site la loeatad on th^ aaatm^ adaa Of a email araded and flHad area. Portions of the sita waa obaarvad In an eroded yul^ Mfh^e a concrsis fQuntialion is nsaitv in a .reiativglY flat area. A historic eenvstm ici^ts\ im northwest of the eito. A strueture whieh mav eomapond to tha sita ia loealad oa the IflOl : . () 8. Prehistoric Historic XX Protohistoric 9. Site Description: Historic foundation. bulMlne matariais and trash. Ji) 10. Area.*SfitJl£m(length)x4ILE^m(widtti) 2400 m2. Method of Determination: Estimation /) 11. Depth: £0±,cm Method of Determination: Observation of cuts in ouHv. ( \ 12. Features: Concrete foundation and refuse deoosit. — ( ) 13. Artifacts: Artifacts include fired adobe brick manv with cement mortar and one with the imPrgased yyprti 'fyte?<ICQ.' bricks, milled lumbar. 1950s thru recent bottles, cans, and oiastic. and metal and ceramic pipe. .() 14. Non-Artifactual Constituents: None observed. 15.Date Recorded: 9/22/89 16. Recorded Bv:Andraw Pinnielo and .Qtavan H. Rriona (\ 17. Affiliation and Address: ERC Environmental. SSIO Morehotisa nr San Diego. CA 92121 t) State of Califomia - The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Page 2 of 4 18. Human Remains: None obsen/ed. Permanent Trinomial: .Supplement! ] Temporary Number Q-S.4 Agency Designation: .() 19. Site Integrity: Fair. The structure associated with the foundation mav hava been graded and the buildino debhs located in the QUI!V "lav be remnants the have been covered bv grading activitv at the sHa. _ _() 20. Nearest Water (type, distance and direction): Small Seasonal drainages thru site. () k'.. i_£.rgest Bocy o: vvs.;sr witnm 1 km (type, distance ano direction): Creek aoprox 1/2m Sf j 22. Vegetation Community (site vicinity): Coastal Saoe Scmb. 23. Vegetation Community (on site): Coastal Saoe Scrub. Referertces for above: Munz 1974 24. Site Soil: Reddish siltv loam. 28. GeotegytjailteniC. iPIant List ()] JPlant List ()] { ) 25. Sun-ounding Soil: Reddish siltv loam. .( ) 27. Landfomi VaHav Slooe () () -() J ) .() 28. Stooe: 5 degrees. .( ) 29. Exposure:.SQU2tL Ji) 30. Landowner(s) (and/or tenants) and Address —i) ure aapaara in this araa on the 1901 USGS ouadranola. If tfiis site is the same, than eariier remains mav ba present in the graded deposit. Pepper trees are present to the south of the site. . () 3Z References: Pigniolo. Andrew and Dennis Gallegos 1989 Cultural Resource Sun/ev of the Land Pac PmiecL Carisbad. CaHfomia. • 31. RenwkSt^t J) mi) 33. Name of Project Questiiaven. 34. Type of Investigation: Surface Sun/ev. 35. Site Accession Number 36. Photos: laa Curated At: ERC Fnvimnmantal .() .0 Taken By: Stewn H. Rrigga 37. Photo Accession Number On File At ERC Fnvimnmantal .() AflCHSOUCGICAL SrTS MAP ^ 3. W 4.- Q-S-4 N t salt. '..11 Z i i SOURCE: USGS 7.5' Ranch©Santa Fe Quadrangla 1968r_rr^f- FEET (1 ERC Environmental and Energy Services Co. FIGURE Cuttural Resources Located within the Land Pac Project Area 3-1 State of Califomia - The Resources Agency DEPARnCNT OF PARKS AND RECREATION Pemianent Trinomial* Supplement! ] ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Temporary Number Q-S-S , Page 1 of 4 Agency Designation: 1. Countv: San Piego 2. USGS Quad: Rancho Santa Fe f7.5'^ 1968 (15') Photorevised , 3. UTM Coordinates: Zone ii / 479Q6Q Easting / 3663480 Northing () 4. Townshipl25, Rangeaifit-fciElM of^l/4 o^1/4 oS£l/4 of Section 19 Base (Mer) £&( ) 5. Map Coordinates: £4_mmS_2S__mmE (from NW corner of map)6. Elevation 480 feet. () 7. Location: The site is directiv east of Rancho Santa Fe Road between San Marcos and La Coata in the Citv of Carlsbad. California. It is in a lame bedrock outcrop adiaeant to Rancho Santa Fe Road. It la located on the largest bouldar of tha nutcmn almost ovariianging t^a road at the base of a ridoe above the roadcut. This site mav ba just outside the present 'proiect sm. • •—^—— () 8. Prehistoric XX Historic Protohistoric 9. Site Description:' Small bedrock milling station with np surface artifacts observed. 10. Area:S_MSm(length)xlfl_EWm(width) 50 m2. Method of Determination: Estimation f) 11. Deptii: Unknownem Method of Determination:_: () 12. Features: Granitic bedrock milling feature vi/ith two slicks. -( ) 13. Artifacts: None observed but surface visibtlttv was poor. .() 14. Non-Artifactual Constituents: None obsen/ed. _ () 15.Date Recorded: 9/23/89 16. Recorded Bv:Andrew Pigniolo and Steven H. Briggs (} 17. Affiliation and Address: ERC Fnvimnmental. 5510 Morehouse Dr San Piano CA 92191 f } State of Califomia • The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Page_2_of_4_ 18. Human Remains: None obsen/ed. Permanent Trinomial: .Supplement! ] Temporary Number Q-S-5 Agency Designation: {) 19. Site Integrity: Good. If subsurface deposits are present thev mav have been partially removed bv tiie cut Jor Rancho Santa Fe Road. Site is undisturbed othenwise and covered bv dense brush. . _() 20. Nearest Water (type, distance and direction): SmaH Seasonal drainages H)Qm north. 1) 21. Largest Body of Water within 1 km (type, distance and direction): Creek approx 1/2m Sf ) 22. Vegetation Community (site vicinity): Coastal Sage Scmb. [Plant List ()] () 23. Vegetation Community (on site): Coastal Sage Scmb. [Plant List ()] () References for above: Munz 1974 () 24. Site Soil: Reddish siltv loam. ( ) 25. Surrounding Soil: Reddish siltv loam. ( ) 26. Gedogy^^luteniC. ( ) 27. Undfomi_Hstoa. _() 28. Slope: § dggresS. ( ) 29. Exposure: Sotithvmst. ( ) 30. Landowner(s) (and/or tenants) and Address . () 31. Remarics. Site is orobabiv outside the present omieet boundarv but mav be impacted bv proposed road widening in the area. ^ () 32. References: Pioniolo. Andrew and Pennis Gallegos 1989 Cultural Resource Survey of the Land Pac Proiect. Carisbad. Caiifomia. .() -( ) 33. Name of Project Questhaven. 34. Type of Investigation: Surface Sun/ev. 35. Site Accession Number 36. Photos: Ifis 37. Photo Accession Number , Curated At: ERC Envlrenmental. Taken By: Steven H. Briggs On File At: ERC Environmental. .() .() .() tmmetommmm^rtm oar AirntfOfT ^AMCS AMO Ato^aATiON AflCHEOLOGlCALSrrH MAP Q-S-5 I a; o I <0 n r 0' '-•^ Clubhouse 15 if.' SOURCE: USGS 7.5* Rancho Santa Fe Quadrangle 1968 ERC Environmental and Energy Services Co. FIGURE Cuttural Resources Located wtthin \ the Land Pac Project Area State of Califomia - The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION Pemianent Trinomial: Supplement[ ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Temporary Number Q-S-6 , Page 1 of 4 Agency Designation: 1. Countv: San Dieoo 2. USGS Quad: Rancho Santa Fe f7.5'^ 1968 (15*) Photorevised , 3. UTM Coordinates: Zone _U / 479130 Easting / 3663540 Northing ( ) 4. Township12S RangeSW: SWI/4 ofJM1/4 ofSJfltl/4 oiQ^VA of Section^Base (Mer) SEC) 5. Map Coordinates: 62 mmS 125 mmE (from NW corner of map)6. Elevation 560 feet, f) 7. Location: The site is approximately lOQm east of Rancho Santa Fe Road between San Mareos and La Costa In ttie Clh/ of Carishari. CalKomta. It is located on a ridoe slooe near a small bedrock outcroo. ^ , () 8. Prehistoric Historic XX Protohistoric 9. Site Description: Rock cairn with no associated artifacts. Tha feature is orobabiv of recent or historic orioln althouah lichen is well established on the rocks and the feature is siiohtiv overgrown bv brush. , i) 10. Area:2-JiS_m(length)x2.EW_m(wkith) ^ m2. Method of Detennination: Estimation f) 11. Depth: Unknownem Method of Dete rmi nation:_; () 12. Features: Stacked rock cairn, conicai in shape, and approximately 2 meters in diameter ^nd fvyg ipeter;^ ^^ighr J) 13. Artifacts: None observed but surface visibHlh/ was poor. -( ) 14. Non-Artifactual Constituents: None obsen/ed. J) 15.Date Recorded: 9^3/89 16. Recorded Bv:Andrew Plgnloto and Steven H. Briggs f) 17. Affillatton and Address: PRC Environmental SSIO Morehouse Dr. San Dieoo. CA 92121 ( ) State of Califbmia • The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Pane 2 of 4 18. Human Remains: None obsen/ed. Permanent Trinomial; .Supplement! ] Temporary Number: Q-S-6 Agency Designation: 19. Site Integrity: Good. Area around the feature aooeare undisturbed. mmi) () () _() _() 20. Nearest Water (type, distance and direction): Small Seasonal drainaae aoorox IQOm N 21. Largest Body of Water within 1 km (type, distance and direction): Creek aoprex 1/gm 22. Vegetation Community (site vicinity): Coastal Saoe Scmb. [Plant List ()] 23. Vegetation Community (on site): Coastal Sage Scrub. IPIant List ()] References for above: Munz 1974 24. Site Soil! Reddish siltv loam. ( ) 25. Surrounding Soil! Reddish siltv loam. 26. Geoloav! Plutonic. ( ) 27. Landform Ridoe. 28. Slope: 20 degrees. ( ) 29. Exposure: Southwest 30. Landowner(s) (and/or tenants) and Address • -() 31. Remarks. - S) 32. References: Ptonlolo. Andrew and Dennis Gallegos 1989 Cultural Resource Survev of the Land Pac Project. Carisbad. CaHfomia. J) mi) 33. Name of Project Questhaven. 34. Type of Investigation: Surface Sun/ev. 35. Site Accession Number 36. Photos: ^CfiS 37. Photo Accession Number Curated At: PRC Environmental. Taken By: Steven H. Brioas On File At PRC Environmental. J) .() [SOURCE: USGS 7.5' Rwcho Santa Fe Quadrangle 196Br:rr^ ^ ERC ^S* Environmental and Energy Services Co, FIGURE Cuttural Resources Located wtthin the Land Pac Project Area SOURCE: USGS 7.S Ranctio Santa Fe Quadrangle 1968 ^ ERC Environmental and Energy Services Co. FIGURE Cuttural Resouices Located wtthin the Land Pac Project Area OViSauVtT or »AMC3 >MO Aacno'^CK iftt^sotOGiCALsrrH MAP Q-S-6 o I r 0- State of Califbmia - The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION Permanent Trinomial: ^Supplement! ] ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Temporary Number Q-S.7 , Paoe 1 of 4 Agency Designation:^ ^ 1. Countv: San Diego 2. USGS Quad: Rancho Santa Fe f7.5M 1968 (15*) Photorevised , 3. UTM Coordinates: Zone _11 / 479170 Easting / 3663680 Northing () 4. Townshipl2S Rangeaj^LtflflflM ofJMl/4 o^1/4 ofSW1/4 of Section 20 Base (Mer) fifiC) 5. Map Coordinates: a_fnmSJ3Q_mmE (from NW corner of map)6. Elevation 540 feet, f) 7. Location: The site is approximatelv 200m east of Rancho Santa Fe Road betwagn San Marcos and U Costa In the Citv of Carlsbad. Calrfomia. It is loeated on the north stoe of a small drainage on t>w northem end of the project area. A graded area is located southweat and a dozed road is located to ttie south. , J) 8. Prehistoric XX Historic Protohistoric 9. Site Description: SmaH bedrock millina station with a sinole slick and mano. , J) 10. Area:2_Ma_m(lenglh)x2£BL_m(width) 4 m2. Method of Determination: Estimation f) 11. Deptti: Unknownem Method of Detemiination:,.: . () 12. Features: One granitic bedrock milling feature witti single slick. 13. Artifacts: One unifacial sandstone mano adjacent to the feature. .() 14. Non-Artifactual Constituents: None obsen/ed. () 15.Date Recorded: 9/23/89 16. Recorded Bv:Andrew Pigniolo and Steven H. Briggs (\ 17. Affiliation and Address: ERC Environmental. 5510 Morehouse Dr.San Diego. CA 92121 f) , .- .rT.**BIII»fffej ! Slate of CalHbmia • The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Page_2_of_^ 18. Human Remains: None obsen/ed. Permanent Trinomial: .Supplement! 1 Temporary Number: Q-S-7 Agency Designation: 19. She Integrity: Good. Area around the feature appears undisturbed. .() -() 20. Nearest Water (type, distance and direction): SmaH Seasonal drainage aoorox 10 m S. f) 21. Largest Body of Water within 1 km (type, distance and direction): Creek approx 1/gm Sf) 22. Vegetation Community (site vicinity): Coastal Sage Scrub. [Plant List ()] () 23. Vegetation Community (on site): Coastal Sage Scrub. IPIant List ()] () RefererxMS for above: Munz 1974 ( ) 24. Site SoH: Reddish siltv loam. ( ) 25. Surrounding Soil: Reddish siltv loam. ( ) 26, Geotoov: Plutonic. ( ) 27. Undform.^lflBB. () 28. Slope: 20 degrees. f ) 29. ExposurB;.SQlittL () 30. Landowner(8) (and/or tenants) and Address ^ .() 31. Remarks. - () 32. References: Pigntolo. Andrew and Dennis Gallegos 1989 Cultural Resource Survev of the Land Pac Proiact. Cariabad. California. . -() -() 33. Name of Project Qugsthavgn. 34, Type of Investigation: Surface Survev. 35. Site Accession Number 36. Photos: £|fl 37. Photo Accession Number . Curated At: Taken By: _ ERC Environmental. On Fito At: ERC Environmental. .() -() .() .0 I I I AflCHSOUOGICAL SITS MAP Q-S-7 1 I, I, I, I, I I I I I MOT TO "o^^ ^ 6ctn)C<^uc)i-H\^7licii^ 0 rtnOWO State of Califomia • The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION Pemianent Trinomial: ^Supptoment! ] ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Temporary Number Q-S-a , Page 1 of 4 Agency Designation: ^ 1. Countv: SanDiego 2. USGS Quad: Raneho Santa Fe (7.S'\ 1968 (15*) Photorevised , 3. UTM Coordinates: Zone _1J / 479430 Easting / 3661940 Northing () 4. TownshipI2& RangeSW: SEI/4 ofJl£1/4 olSWI/4 0^1/4 of Sectton^^S-Base (Mer) ££[) 5. Map Coordinates: 12a_mmSJijL-mmE (from NW comer of map)6. Elevation 560 feet, f) 7. Location: Tha site is approximatelv 2Q0m east of Rancho Santa Fe Road south of Questhaven Road betwfeen San Maroos and La Costa in the Citv of Carisbad. Califomia. It is iQgatad on tha gast alda of a small tirainagg in a smail north/sguth trending canyon. () 8. Prehistoric XX Historic ____ Protohistoric _ 9. Site Description: Bedrock mining station witii three features and mano. , J) 10. Area:liLJJS_m(length)xJjCLBflL-fn(widtti) ioo m2. Method of Detemiination: Estimation f) 11. Depth: Un Icnown em Method of Determination:..: () 12. Features: Three granitfc bedrock miHing features each witti a singte basin. , 13. Artifacts: One mano fragment adfaeent to ttia northern basin. -() 14. Non-Artifactual Constituents: Nona ehean/ed. J) 15.Date Recoreled: aga/89 16. Recorded BvrAndrew Pigniolo and Sleven H. Briggs f ^ 17. Affiliation and Address: ERC EnvlronmentaL 5510 Morehouse Dr .San Diego. CA 92121 f) State of Caiifomia - The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATK>N ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Page 2 of 4 18. Human Remains: None obsen/ed. Permanent Trinomial: .Supplement!] Temporary Number Q-S-8 Agency Designation: J) 19. Site Integrity: Qooti. Arga around the fgaturg appears reiitiygiy untiisturtwd although dirt IPada Ufi ore&eni \n ih& aCfiSL . : () 20. Nearest Water (type, distance and direction): Small Seasonal drainage aoprox 20 m W. t} 21. Largest Body of Water within 1 km (type, distance and direction): Creek approx 1/4m Nf) 22. Vegetation Community (site vicinity): Coastal Sgge Scrub. [Plant Ust ()] () 23. Vegetation Community (on site): Coastal Saoe Scrub. [Piant List ()] () References for above: Munz 1974 f) 24. Stte Soil: Reddish siltv loam. ( ) 25. Surrounding Soil: Reddish siltv loapi. f) 26. Geotooy;_EIUlflnla ( ) 27, UndfomuSloBfi. () 28. Slope: 20 degrees. f ) 29. Expo8ure:JflteSl. 30. Landowner(s) (and/or tenants) and Address J) 31. Remariw. - J) 32. References: Pigntoto. Andraw and Dennis Gallegos 1989 Cultural Resource Sun/ev of ttie Land Pae Profect. Carisbad. CaHfomia. J) mi) 33. Nama of Profact Quaathavan. 34. Type of Investigation: Surtacg SUfYgY. 35. Site Accession Number 36. Photos: Yes 37. Photo Accession Number Curated At: ERC Envlmnmantal. Taken By: Steven H. Briggs. On Fito At: ERC Environmontal. .() -() -() .() -TlM Ma • Mm AACHSOLOGICAL STTE MA/> K (, I [ ^ I { \ I \ I ll ........ . I I I I • 1 I L 1 I Ll ',1 f li / ERC Environmental and Energy Services Co. Cuttural Resources Located wtthin the Laixl Pac Project Area "t5 State of Califbmia - The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREAHON Pennanent Trinomial: Supplement! ] ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Temporary Number Q>S.9 , Page 1 of 4 Agency Designation: , 1. County: San Dtepp 2. USGS Quad: Raneho Santa Fa f7.S'^ 1868 (1^) Photorevised , 3. UTM Coordinates: Zone ii / 479490 Easting / aeegigo Northing () 4. Town8hipl2& RangemLS£lM oLS£l/4 oft^lM o^V4 of Section^Base (Mer) SRi) 5. Map Coonlinates: 12IL.mmS Jli_mmE (from NW comer of map)6. Elevation 560 feet, f} 7. Location: The site ta approximately SOm east of Ren<^ Santa Fe Road south of Questhaven Road between Sao Mansoe and La Coata In ttie CHv of Cariabad. Califomia. It is loeated on ttie east side of a smaH knoll which has recently been oraded. , J) 8. Prehistoric XX Historic Protohtotoric . 9. Site Description: Bedrock minina station witti aavaral faaturaa eontalalnq IS* alkaeiL One mano fraomant waa stuck In a crack between the bedrock. J) 10. Area:l£_US_m(tongth)xJjLE)flLjn(widtti> gQS m2. Mettiod of Detennination: Estimation f) 11. Deptti: Unknownem Metiiod of Determination: - f) iz Features: Several aranitlc bedrecK milinq featurga with greaier lhan 15 sllchs. . 13. Artif^: One mane fraomant waa nhaarvari in a eraek beiwean ttia bedrock. Ji) Ji) 14. Non-Artifactual Constituents: None ohaenwd. 15.Date Recorded: flga/aa ie, Recordad Bv:Andrew P^ntolo and Steven H. Briggs () 17. Affiliation and Address: ERC Fnvlronmentet SSIO Morriiouae Dr.San Dtogo. CA 92121 {) .. wt-..; i . ..-^ . / -a ^ DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Page_2_of_^ 18. Human Remains: None observed. Pemianent Trinomial: .Supplement! ] Temporary Number Q-S-9 Agency Designation: () 19. Site Integrity: Good. Area around the feature appears relatively undisturbed althouah the l<noil top above the site has recently been graded for a soils test. 20. Nearest Wator (type, distance and directton): SmaH Seasonal drainage approx 40 m E. f) 21. Largest Body of Water within 1 km (type, distance and directton); Creek approx './4m Ni , 22. Vegetation Community (site vicinity): Coastal Sage Scrub. [Plant List ()] () 23. Vegetation Community (on site): Coastal Sage Scrub. [Plant List ()] () References for above: Munz 1974 () 24. Site Soil: Reddish siltv loam. ( )• 25. Sun'ounding Soil: Reddish siltv loam. i ) 26. Geologv: Plutonic. ( ) 27. LandfomuSlOPfl. i) 28. Slope: 20 degrees. f ) 29. Exposure:JflffiaL 30. Landowner(s) (and/or tenants) and Address - .() 31. Remarks. - ( ) 32. References: Pigniolo. Andrew and Dennis Gallegos 1989 Cultural Resource Survev of the Land Pac Proiect. Carisbad. Califomia. .( ) -( ) 33. Name of Project Questhaven. 34. Type of Investigation: Surface Survev. 35. Site Accession Number 36. Photos: ^Cfis 37. Photo Accession Number Curated At: ERC Environmentai. Taken By: Steven H. Briqgs. On Fito At: ERC Environmental. .{ ) -() .() -() I I -The Ai • ••Itv gtPAMTMfNT 0^ ANO RtCRlATION AACHSOUOGlCALSrrH MAP 3 4 Pm a* . s-9 N SOURCE: USGS 7.5' Rancho Santa Fe Quadrangle 1968rCT^ ERC Environmental and Energy Services Co. FIGURE Cuttural Resources Located within the Land Pac Project Area "^PQT nP^-"<S''tV/i State of California • The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS ANO RECREATION Pennanent Trinomial: ^Supptoment! ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Temporary Number Q-s-io , Paoe 1 df 4 Agency Designation: , 1. County: San Dteqo 2. USGS Quad: Rancho Santa Fe f7.ff^ 1968 (15*) Photorevi8ed___, 3. UTM Coordinates: Zone ii / 480150 Eaatlno / 3863240 Northing () Wl/2 NW NE SW 4. Townshlpl2& Rangea^aL.S£l/4 ofJi£l/4 offiUfiC1/4 oif^MA of Section.29-Ba8e (Mer) ) 5. Map Coordinates: ZS—nimS_li3_mmE (from NW comer of map)6. Elevation 480-600 feet/) 7. Location: Tha site is aooroximatelv 1.1km east of Rancho Santa Fe Road north of Queathaven Road betvwgn San Marcos and La Coata in the City of Cariabad. Calitemia. It is iocated on the weat side of a steep hill apprdxImatelY 2PQ m weat of the dam at UKg San Mareos and og tha aaatarn sida of a laraa graded and disturbed area. , : () 8. Prehistoric XX Historic Protohistoric 9. Site Description: Bedrock milling station with, seyeral featurea contajnlnq numeroua slicks and at leaat two, bedrocK mortars. A rock alfanment on one of ttie heuldere mav Indteate a oranarv basa. \ { ) 10. Area:15_liS»nfi(length)xliaflL_ni(Widtti) ggs m2. Method of Detemiination: Estimation f ^ 11. Depth: Unknownem Method of Detormlnation: - () 12. Features: Several granitic bedrock mlHIno features witti numeroua slicks and at least two mortars, a rock altenment on ona of tha boulders mav indteato a gr^nan/ basa. , 13. Artifacts: None obsen/ed but several poaalbto PCRs were obsen/ed in the area. .() .() 14. Non-Artifactual Constituents: None oiiaefved. J) 15.Date Recorded: 9/23/89 16. Recorded RvrAndraw fInnteto and Steven H Rriona / 1 17. Affiliation and Address: ERC gnvlmnftiafital. SSIO Morehouaa Dr. San Dtooo. CA 92121 f) r r I I I r r r r I I I r r r I I r r State of California - The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Page_2_of.^ 18. Human Remains: Nona obsan/ad. Permanent Trinomial: .Supptoment! ] Temporary Number Q-S*IQ Agency Designation: J) 19. Site totegrity: Good. Area around ttie feahjra aooaani mlattvalv unriiaturbad alttiough tha area weat of tha alta has recently baen oradad. Ji) 20. Nearest Water (type, dtotance and dirMtion): SmaH ^asonal drainage aoprox 40 m W. f) 21. Largest Body of Water within 1 km (type, distance and directton): Creek aoprox l/4m Sf) 22. Vegetation Community (sito vicinity): Coastal ^aga Sgmh. ipiant Ust ()I () 23. Vegetation Communily (on site): Coaatal Sana Scmb. [Plant Ust ()] () References for above: Munz 1974 f) 24. Stte Soil! Reddish siltv team I ) 25. SunoundIng Soil: Reddish silh/loam. f ) 26. GeoiOQv: Plutonic. ( ) 27. Landforni^SIOBft. () 28. Slope! Sdaoraaa .() 29. Exposure:Jfl(JaL 30. Landowner(s) (and/or tenants) and Address .:. J) 31. Remarks. • -() 32. References: Ptentolo. Andrew and Dennie Gailaooa 1089 Cultural Raaource Survey nf ttia Land Pae Protect. Cartsbad. CaHftamla, 33. Name of Project Questhaven. S) mi) 34. Type of Investigatton: Surface Sun/ev. 35. Site Accession Number 38. Photos: lss Curated At: ERC Fnvlmnmantal .0 Taken By: Stew^ H. Briggs. 37. Photo Accession Number. On Fito At gRC Fnytmnmontal .() ,i) •lemfam-Tha OVAATMINr Of ^Allies ANO RfCRaATICM AACHEClOQlCALSrrS MAP Q-S-10 SOURCE: USGS 7.5' Rancho Santa Fe Quadrangle 1968 T—Z ERC Environmental and Energy Services Co. FIGURE Cuttural Resources Located wtthin the Land Pac Project Area 3 F S State of California - The Resourcea Agency DEPARTfcCNT OF PARKS AND RECREATKJN Pemianent Trinomial' ^Supplement! ] ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Temporary Number Q^-ii , Page_3_of_4_ Agency Designation: 1. County! SanrWagn 2, USGS Quad: Rancho Santa Fa f7.5*l 1988 (15*) Photorevtoed^_ 3. UTM Coordinates: Zone ^_JJ / 480640 Easting / 3661600 Northing () NE NE NE NE 32 4. Townshlpa2a Range2W.*JM1/4 ofJj}QC1/4 of£f^1/4 ofIMI/4 of Section 33 Base (Mer) SBi ) 5. Map Coordinates: HQjnmSJ^S-mmE (from NW comer of map)6. Etovatton 5gQ..paQ featf) 7. Location: The site to aooroximately 1.5km eaat of Raneho Santa Fe Roaif jfis^ south of Queathaven Road between San Marcos and La Costa in tha Citv of Cariabad. tjiaifttfnte. It la located on smaK ridoe Includlno ttie ridoe base aoomximatelv 1Sm soutti of a bend In Quaathavan BflasL- i) 8. Prehistoric XX Historic XX Protohistoric 9. Site Description: Temooran^ camo wtth shelL lithics and tools and a historie eomoonent of scattered htotorie trash. ^ — i) 10. Area:2QJlS_m(length)xliJQ.£SflLm(wkitti) 2QflQ_m2, Method of Detemiination: Estimation f) 11. Deptti: Unknownem Method of Determination:_: • () ^Z Features: None observed. \ . () 13. Artifacts: Three oreen flne-orained voleanle flakes within tha project araa but approximatelv 10 flakes and 2 cores bevond the protoet boundaries. Hlaterie artifacts included 1 pumto glass bottle stopper 3 aoua glass mason jar fragments. 1 claar glass fragment with raised letters. 2 tin can fragments, and i plain white ware eeramte shard. , _( ) 14. Non-Artifactual Constituents: Two clusters of sheH Includlno Chiona. Donax and Paetan .( ) 15.Dat6 Recorded: 9/23/89 16. Recorded By!Andraw Plgntete and Steven H. Briggs f \ 17. Affiliation and Address: ERC Fnvlmnmantal. 5510 Morehouaa Dr .San Dieoo. CA ^glgl f) r r r t r r Stete of Califomia - The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATK)N ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Page_2_of_i_ 18. Human Remains: Nona obsan/ad. Permanent Trinomial: .Supptoment! I Temporary Number: Q-S-11 Agency Designation: 19- Site Integrity: Good. Area around the feature aooears relatively undlaturtaed. J) J) 20. Nearest Water (type, distence and direction): SmaH Seasonal drainage aaproi^ in m M i) 21. Largest Body of Wator wittiin 1 km (type, distance and direction): Creak atfeitiix l/8m Nf) 22. Vegetetion Community (site vicinity): Coastal Saoe Scrob. [Plant List ()] () 23. Vegetation Community (on site): Coastal Sage Scmb. [Plant Ust ()] () References for above: Munz 1974 f) 24. Site Soil! Raddteh siltv loam f ). 25. Sunounding Soil: Reddish aittv team. () 26. GeoloQV! Plutonic. ( ) 27. Landforni^Bldfla. f) 28, Slooe: S* dagraaa. ( ) 29. EXPOSUPB: 360 degrees () 30. Landowner(s) (and/or tenants) and Address J) 31. Remarite. - 32. References: Pteniolo. Andrew and Pennte Gallegos 1989 Cultural Resource Survey of the Land Pae Proiect. Cartsbad. Califomia. r r r 33. Name of Project Questhaven. 34. Type of Investigation: Surface Sun/ev. 35. Stte Accession Number 36. Photos: ^^aa 37. Photo Accession Number: _ Curated At: FRC Pnvlmf^mantal Taken By: Steven H. Rriggs. On Fito At ERC Envlmnmantal. J) mi) .{) -() .() -() I I r *T1ielU lOARTMINr Of PAKa ANO MtCRtATION AACHEOLOQlCALSrTE MAP Q-S-11 r r r r r FEET (ll^ ERC Environmental and Energy Services Co. FIGURE Cuttural Resources Located wttbl|;L. ^ the Land Pac Project Area d Stete of Califomia • The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION Pemianent Trinomial: Suppiement[ ] ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Temporary Number Q-s-ig , Page 1 of 4 Agency Designation: . 1. Countv: San Dieoo 2. USGS Quad: RanchO Santa Fe (7,5-) 1988 (15*) Photorevised , 3. UTM Coordinates: Zone _13 / 480160 Easting / 3661620 Northing () 4. Townshipl2a RangeaHLN£l/4 ofJl£1/4 oftM^IA oftl£1/4 of SectionJ2-Ba8e (Mer) SBi ) 5. Map Coordinates: i4Q_mmSJ42_'nmE (from NW comer of map)6. Elevation 500 feet, f) 7. Location: The site te aooroximatelv 1.2km east of Raneho Santa Fa Road and gSOm south of Questhaven Road between San Marcos and La Costa in the CitY of Carisbad. California, it is located on a ridge slope under a cluster of Eucalvptus trees. J) 8. Prehistoric Historic XX Protohistoric 9. Site Descriptton: Stone altenment whteh mav moresent ttie bottom coarse of a historie rock retaining waH. . : ( ) 10. Area:S NS mflanath^xlO EW mfwtotti^ 50 m2. Method of Determination: Estimation f) 11. Deptti: Unknownem Method of Determination:_: () 12. Features: Stone altenment whteh mav reoresent the bottom coarse of a historic rock retaining wall. ^ .( ) 13. Artifacte: None obseiYod .() 14. Non-Artifactual Constituents: None observed. ( ) 15.Date Recorded: 9/23/89 16. Recorded By:Andrew Pigniolo and Steven H. Briggs f \ 17. Affiliation and Address: ERC Environmental. 5510 Morehouse Pr San Piego. CA 92121 f) State of Caiifomia - The Reaources Agency DEPARTMENT OFPARKS AND RECREATK5N Pennanent Trinomial: ^Supplement! ] ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Temporary Number: _Q:Sd2 . Pag©-2_oLd_ Agency Designation: - 18. Human Remains: None obsen/ed. .( ) 19. Site Integrity: Good. Area around ttie feature appears undisturbed. : ( ) 20. Nearest Water (type, distance and direction): Small figg^f*""' drainage approx 10 m W. f) 21. Largest Body of Water wittiin 1 km (type, dtotance and direction): Creek approx 1/4m Nf) 22. Vegetation Community (sito vicinity): Coastal Sage Sgnib. IPIant Ust ()] () 23. Vegetation Community (on site): Coaslai Sage SCWb. [Piant Ust ()] () References for above: Munz 1974 f) 24. She Soil: Rqdfltsh siltv team. f ) 25. Surrounding Soil: Reddish silh/ toam. () 26. Geoiogy:_EIUlaDiC. ( ) 27. Landfomijaidgft. () 28. Slope: 20 degrees. ( ) 29. Exposure: 360 degrees { ) 30. Landowner(s) (and/or tenants) and Address - . — : () 31. Remarks.- ^ () 32. References: Plgniote. Andrew and Dennis Gaileoos 1989 Cultural Resource Sunmv of the Land Pae Project. Carisbad. Califomia. 33. Name of Project Questhaven. ( ) 34. Type of Investigation: Surface Sun/ev. f ) 35. Site Accession Number • Curated At: ERC Environmental. () 36. Photos: Iffis Taken By: Steven H. Briggs. () 37. Photo Accession Number On File At ERC Environmental. () JtrAMTMawr 0$ PAAX3 ANO fltCRlATION rAACHEOlOGlCAL SITS MAP r M NOT TO SOURCE; USGS 7.5' Rancho Santa Fe Quadrangle 19687:^ FEET (1 ERC Environmental and Energy Services Co. FIGURE Cuttural Resources Located wtthin the Land Pac Project Area c c" Stete of Califomia - The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT QF PARKS AND RECREATION Pemianent Trinomial: ^Supplement! ] ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Temporary Number Q-S.13 , Page_l_of_4_ Agency Peslonation: 1. Countv: San Dieoo 2. USGS Quad: Raneho Santa Fe f7.5'^ 1968 (15") Photorevised , 3. UTM Coordinates: Zone ii / 479080 Easting / 3663340 Northing () 4. Township1gS Range2UL*^1/4 oi^VA o^1/4 ofS3££1/4 of Sectlon^Base (Mer) SSi ) 5. Map Coordinates: 69 mmS lis mmE (from NW comer of map)6. Elevation 420 feeL f) 7. Location: The site is approximately 5m east of Rancho Santa Fe Road and iust north of Meadow Laric Ranch Road between San Marcos and La Coate te ttie Citv of Carisbad. California. It Is located under a row of Fuealvohjs treaa along Raneho Santa Fe Road. Three wood crosses are present surrounded bv a wood fencg. . . _() 8. Prehistoric Historic XX Protohistoric 9. Site Description: Small Cemetery. \ ] , . . () 10. Area:lSJiS_m(length)xlfl.aflLm(widtti) 150 m2. Method of Determination: Estimation f) 11. Depth: Present cm Method of Determination:_: ( ) 12. Features: Three wooden crosses maridno craves and low wood fence around cemetery. It te reported that ttiere are as manv as 7 burials here. , .() 13. Artifacts: None obaenmd 14. Non-Artifactual Conatltuente: Nona obsen/ed. i) 15.Date Recorded: 9/23/89 ie. Recorded BvtAndrew Plgglplo and Steven H. Brioas (} 17. AffiHation and Address: ERC Environmental. 5510 Morehouse Dr.San Dtooo. CA 92121—() Stete of Califomia - The Resources Agency DEPARTMENT OF PARKS AND RECREATION Pemianent Trinomial: Supplement! ] ARCHAEOLOGICAL SITE RECORD Temporary Number O-S-13 , Page_2-of_£_ Agency Designation: » 18. Human Remains: Approximately 7 buriate dating to juat before and after ttie turn of the eentun/ are reported to be present at tfite cergeterv. . i) 19. Site Integrity: Good altiiouoh manv of the maricers and part of tfie fence has been removed. J) 20. Nearest Water (type, distance and direction): SmaH S^sonal drainage aoorox 20 m E. f) 21. Largest Body of Water wtthin 1 km (type, distence and direction): Creek aoprox 1/gm Sf) 22. Vegetetion Community (site vicinity): Coastal Sagf Scmb. [Plant Ust ()] () 23. Vegetetion Community (on site): Coastel Sage Semb. [Plant Ust ()] () References for above: Munz 1974 , () 24. Site Soil: Reddish siltv loam. ( ) 25. Surrounding Soil: Reddish siltv team. ( ) 26. Geoloov: Plutonic. ( ) 27. Landfomn Vallev Slope. i) 28. Slope: 20 degrees. ( ) 29. Exposure: 360 degrees () 30. Landowner(s) (and/or tenants) and Address • ^ () 31. Remarks. - . i) 32. References: Pigntelo. Andraw and Pennis Galleooe 1988 Cultijral Resource Sun/ev of the Land Pae ProjecL Carisbad. Califomia. -() 33. Name of Project Questhaven. ._i) 34. Type of Investigation: Surface SurveY. () 35. Site Accession Numben _: Curated At Eqc Environmental. f) 36. Photos: ^aa Taken By: gteven H. Briggs. () 37. Photo Accession Number: • On Fite At gRC Environmental. () a^AirrMaKT ^AAXS ANO Aae^iATiON ^HCHECLCGJCAL SITE MAP O-S-13 N t [SOURCE: USGS 7.5' Rancho Santa Fe Quadrangle 1968 :m(ffff'A>^ FEET f FIGURE ^ ERC Environmental and Energy Services Co. Cuttural ResourcesLocatedvj^ahjn, the Land Pac Project Area