HomeMy WebLinkAboutCDP 06-13; CAMPBELL RESIDENCE; STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN CAMPBELL; 2006-11-28STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
5003 Tierra del Oro
Carlsbad, California
Submitted to:
The City of Carlsbad
Engineering Dept.
November 28,2006
Revised: March 26,2007
For:
DICK CAMPBELL
630 ENCINITAS BLVD
ENCINITAS, CA 92024
Prepared By:
Pasco Engineering
535 North Coast Highway 101, Suite A
Solana Beach, CA 92075
(858) 259-8212
PE 1355
f^ ^/i?
W. Jl JSTIN SUIT [R. RCE 68964 DATE
STORM WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
5003 Tierra del Oro
Carlsbad, California
Submitted to:
The CityofCarlsbad
Engineering Dept.
November 28,2006
Revised: March 26,2007
For:
DICK CAMPBELL
630 ENCINITAS BLVD
ENCINITAS, CA 92024
Prepared By:
Pasco Engineering
535 North Coast Highway 101, Suite A
Solana Beach, CA 92075
(858) 259-8212
PE 1355
ikk n
W. JUSTEN SUITER, RCE 68964 DATE
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Project Description 1
1.2. Hydrologic Unit Contribution 1
1.3. Beneficial Uses 2
1.3.1. Inlan(i Surface Waters 2
1.3.2. Groundwater 2
1.4. 303(d) Status 3
2. CHARACTERIZATION OF PROJECT RUNOFF
2.1. Expected Discharges 3
2.2. Soil Characteristics 3
3. MITIGATION MEASURES TO PROTECT WATER QUALITY
3.1. Construction BMPs 4
3.2. Posvconstruction BMPs 4
3.2.1. Landscaping 4
3.2.2. Bio Filters 5
3.2.3. Appropriate Applications and Siting Constraint 5
4. OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
4.1. Bio-Filters 5-7
5. FISCAL RESOURCES 7
ATTACHMENTS
A. Project Plans
B. Hydrolog) Study
C. Beneficial Uses
D. Best Management Practices
E. Maintenance Checklist
INTRODUCTION
This report has been prepared based on the criteria set forth by the Regional Water Quality
Control Board's Order No. 2001-01, the "Model Standard Urban Storm Water Mitigation Plan
for San Diegu CoLinty, Port of San Diego, and Cities in San Diego Countj'", and the "City of
Carlsbad Standai-d Urban Stonn Water Mitigation Plan - Storm Water Standards."
The purpose ofthis: SWMP is to address th« •water quality impacts from the proposed
Preliminaiy Grading Plan. Standard Best Management Practices (BMPs) will be utilized to
provide a long-term solution to water quality. This SWMP is also intended to ensure the
effectiveness ofthe BMPs through proper maintenance that is based on long-term fiscal
planning. The SWMP is subject to revisions as needed by the engineer.
1.1 Project Description
The project site is located on the west side of Tierra del Oro in the City of Carlsbad (See
Attachment A). The project is approximately 300 feet northwest of the intersection of Carlsbad
Blvd and Tierra del Oro. This project will consist of the redevelopment of a single famil}'
residence.
The project proposes the constmction of a single family residence in the jilace of an existing
single family residence.
The existing project site consists of one lot which is currently occupied by a single family
residence. The sil;e consists of LI gentle slope from west to easi ou the eastern portion of the
property. The rest of the property slopes to the west towai'ds existing steep slopes down to the
beach. Drainage from the eastem developed portion of the site is primarily conveyed in a
easterly direction across the project site to Tierra del Oro. The rest of the runoff from the site is
conveyed to the west to existing rip rap at the base of the steep slopes. The surrounding
residences are fully contained and do not contribute to this site.
1.2 Hydrologic Unit Contribution
The project is located in the Buena Vista Creek watershed and more specifically in the El Salto
HAS, Hydrologic Unit (904.21). The project area consists of an existing single family residence
and flatwork. The drainage system for this project will not modify existing drainage conditions.
The proposed project will not significantly alter drainage pattems on the site. The storm water
discharge points will not significantly divert runoff from existing conditions. The time required
for runoff to reach discharge points will not significantly change nor will the final flow volumes.
1.3 Beneficial Uses
The beneficial uses for the hydrologic unit are included in Attachment "C". These tables have
been extracted from the Water Quality Control Plan for the San Diego Basin.
-3
MUN - Municipal and Domestic Supply: Includes uses of water for community, military, or
individual water supply systems including, but not limited to, drinking water supply.
AGR - Agricultural Supply: Includes uses of water for farming, horticulture, or ranching
including, but not limited to, irrigation, stock watering, or support of vegetation for range
grazing
IND - Industrial Service!* Supply: Includes uses of water for industrial activities that do not
depend primarily on water quality inckiding, but not limited to, mining, cooling water supply,
hydraulic conveyance, gravel washing, fire protection, or oil well re-pressurization.
RECl - Contact Recreation: Includes uses of water for recreational activities involving body
contact wi th water, v^'here ingestion of water is reasonably possible. These uses include, but are
not limited to, swimming, wading, water-skiing, skin and SCUBA diving, surfing, white water
activities, fishing, or use of natural hot springs.
REC2 - Non-Contact Recreation: Includes the uses of water for recreational involving
proximity to water, but not normally involving body contact with water, where ingestion of water
is reasonably possible. These uses include, but are not limited to, picnicking, sunbathing, hiking,
camping, boating, tide pool and marine life study, hunting, sightseeing, or aesthetic enjojonent in
conjunction with the above activities.
WARM - Warm Freshwater Habitat: Includes uses of water that support warm water
ecosystems including, but not limited to, preservation or enhancement of aquatic habitats,
vegetation, fish or wildlife, including invertebrates.
WILD - Wildlife Habitat: Includes uses of water that support terrestrial ecosystems including,
but not limited to, preseivation and enhancement of terrestrial habitats, vegetation, wildlife, (e.g.,
mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, invertebrates), or wildlife water and food sources.
1.3.1 Inland Surface Waters
Inland Surface waters have the foUov/ing beneficial uses as shown in Attachment "C". None of
these beneficial uses will be impaired or diminished due to the constmction and operation of this
project.
1.3.2 Groundwater
Groundwater beneficial uses includes agricultural and potentially municipal and industrial. None
of these beneficial uses will be impaired or diminished due to the constmction and operation of
this project. See Attachment "C"
1.4 303(d) Status
According to the California 1998 and 2002 303d update list published by the San Diego
Regional Water QLialit}- Controi Board, there are no impaired water bodies that are associated
with this project
The project location and watersheds have been compared to the current published 303d list of
impaired water bodies (See section III.B.2 of the City of Carlsbad Standard Urban Stormwater
Mitigation Plan). Drainage from the site eventually enters the Pacific Ocean at the Agiia
Hedionda mouth.
-4
This project is located approximately 300' east ofthe Pacific Ocean, an impaired body of water.
The listed pollutants are bacterial indicators, sedimentation/siltation, diazinon, and total
dissolved solids. The majority of the previously listed pollutants will be removed from
stormwater mnoff by the private detention basins located on each lot prior to being discharged
offsite. It is our opinion that any residual from this project will be removed during transport.
2.0 CHARACTERIZATION OF PROJFCT RUNOFF
2.1 Expected Discharges
There are no sampling data available for the existing site condition. In addition, the project is not
expected to generate significant amounts of non-visible pollutants. However, the following
constituents are commonly found on similar developments and could affect water quality:
• Sediment discharge due to constmction activities and post-construction f reas left bai-e.
• Nutrients from fertilizers
• Trash and debris deposited in drain inlets.
• Hydrocarbons from paved areas.
» Pesticides from landscaping and home use.
2.2 Soil Characteristics
The project area consists of soil type (Tef) Terrace Escarpments as determined fr om the Soil
Survey, San Diego Area, Califomia, US Department of Agriculture, 1973. The Hydrologic
group for this soil is D. the County of San Diego Hydrology manual establishes that these soils
have a mnoff coefficient of 0.9 (predevelopment) and 0.85 (postdevelopment) respectively.
3.0 MITIGATION MEASURES TO PROTECT WATER QUALITY
To address water quality for the project, BMPs will be implemented during construction and
post-construction.
3.1 Construction BMPs
The project does not require final engineering. Below is a listing of potential types of temporary
BMPs that are available and need to be utilized as necessar}- during construction. This includes
the following.
• Sih Fence « Desilting Basin
• Fiber Rolls • Gravel Bag Berm
• Street Sweeping and Vacuuming • Sandbag Barrier
• Storm Drain Inlet Protection • Material Delivery and Storage
• Stockpile Management • Spill Prevention and Control
• Solid Waste Management • Concrete Waste Management
• Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit • Water Conservation Practices
o Dewatering Operations c Paving and Grinding Operations
» Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance » Permanent Revegetatioti of All disturbed uncovered
areas
'•^ Erosion Contro! Mats and Spray-on Applications
Construction BMPs for this pioject will be selected, constmcted, and maintained so as to comply
with all applicable ordinances and guidance documents.
3.2 Post-construction BMPs
Pollutants of concem as noted in section 3 will be addressed tiuough three types of BMPs. These
types of BMPs are site design, source control and treatment control.
The project is designed to minimize the use of impervious areas. Landscaping of the slopes is
incorporated into the plans. The landscaping will consist of both native and non-native plants.
The goal is to achieve plant establishment expeditiously to reduce erosion. The irrigation system
for these landscaped areas will be monitored to reduce over irrigation. Also, riprap will be
placed at any stomi drain outfalls to reduce velocities.
The following treatment control BMP's will be implemented to address water quality:
• Landscaping
» Bio-Filters
Placements of the BMP's are noted on the project Preliminary Grading Plans (See attachment
"A). Forall
hydrologic data used for detention basin sizing see Appendix "B" for report entitled Hydrology
Calculations for 5003 Tierra del Oro hy Pasco Engineering dated November 27, 2006.
3.2.1 Landscaping
Permanent Landscaping and irrigation will be installed on all graded areas
3.2.2 Bio Filters
Bio Filtration strips, also known as vegetated buffer strips, are vegetated sections of land over
v/hich storm water flows as overland sheet flow. The biofiltration system proposed for this
project utilizes slope rounding berms, ditches and the existing natural drainages as shown on the
attached project plans. Pollutants are removed by filtration through the existing soils and
vegetation. Biofiltration swales are mainly effective at removing debris and solid particles,
although some dissolved constituents are removed by absorption onto the soil. For more
information regarding vegetated buffer strips refer to CASQA BMP fact sheet TC-31.
3.2.3 Appropriate Applications and Siting Constraints
Slope rounding berms and swales shall be incorporated into the project as part of the final
Grading and Landscape plans. Exi.sting drainages will aiso provide for biofiltration wht?re
applicable. Rip Rap will reciuce the velocity oi thc runoff prior to entering the natural systein in
order to reduce the potential for scour.
4.0 OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE PROGRAM
All BMP's are to be maintained as necessary by Dick Campbell, 630 Encinitas Blvd, Encinitas,
CA, (760) 522-5195, per inspecfion and maintenance recommendations in Appendix "E" of this
report..
4.1 Bio-Filters
The operational and maintenance needs of a Swale are as follows:
9 Vegetation management to maintain adeq'iate hydraulic functioning and to limit
habitat for disease-carrying animals.
• Animal and vector control.
• Periodic sediment removal to optimize performance.
• Trash, debris, grass trimmings, tree pmning, and leaf coiiection and removal to
prevent obstmction of a Swale and monitoring equipment.
Erosion and structural maintenance to prevent the loss of soil and maintain the
peribrmance of the Swale.
Functional Maintenance
Functional maintenance has two components:
Preventive maintenance
Corrective maintenance
Preventive Maintenance
Preventive maintenance activities to be instituted at a Swale are:
« Trash and Debris. During each inspection and maintenance visi' to the site debris
and trash removal will be conducted to reduce the potential for inlet and outlet
structures and other components from becoming cloggt-d and inoperable during
storm events.
• Sediment Removal. Sediment accumulation, as part of the operation and
maintenance program at a Swale, will be monitored once a month during the dry
season, after every large storm (0.50 inch), and monthly during the wet season.
Specifically, if sediment reaches a level at or near plant height, or could interfere
with flow or operation, the sediment will be removed. If accumulation of debris or
sediment is determined to be the cause of decline in design performance, prompt
action (i.e., within ten working days) will be taken to restore the Swale to design
perfomiance standards. Removal of Standing Water. Stcmding water must be
removed if it contributes to the development of aquatic plant communities or
mosquito breeding areas.
Fertilization and Irrigation. The vegetation seed mix has been designed so that
terfilization and irrigation is not necessary. Fertilizers and inigation will not be
used to maintain the vegetation.
Elimination of Mosquito Breeding Habitats. The most effective mosquito control
program is one that eliminates potential breeding habitats.
Corrective Maintenance
Con-ective maintenance is required on an emergency OL non-routine basis to correct
problems ajid to restore the intended operation and safe function of a Swale. Corrective
maintenance acfivifies include:
• Removal of Debris and Sediment. Sediment, debris, and trash, which impede the
hydraulic functioning of a Swale and prevent vegetative growth, will be removed
and properly disposed.
• Structural Repairs. Once deemed necessary, repairs to stmctural components ofa
Swale and its inlet and outlet stmctures will be done within 10 working days.
• Embankment and Slope Repairs. Once deemed necessary, damage to the
embankments and slopes of Swales will be repaired within 10 working days).
« Erosion Repair. Where a reseeding program has been ineffective, or where other
factors have created erosive conditions (i.e., pedestrian traffic, concentrated flow,
etc.), conective steps will be taken to prevent loss of soil and any subsequent
danger to the performance of a Swale. There are a number of corrective actions
than can be taken. These include erosion control blankets, riprap.
Hazardous Waste
Suspected hazardous v/astes will be analyzed to determine disposal options. Hazardous wastes
generated onsite during construction activhies will be handled and disposed of accorditig to
applicable local, state, and federal regulations. A solid or liquid waste is considered a hazardous
waste if it exceeds the criteria list in the CCR, Title 22, Article 11.
-8
6.0 FISCAL RESOURCES
The maintenance of the landscaping berm and biofiltration swales will be perforraed as
necessary by the private- land owner. The land owiiei will be subject tr, ull applicable ordinances
referenced herein. It is the sole responsibility of the private land owner to follow the
recommendations listed in Appendix "E" of this report foi inspection & maintenance of BMP's,
and standing water removal on his/her property. The land owner is to be held accountable for
any violations or damage to adjacent properties due to a lack of proper BMP maintenance.
Richard Campbell
630 Encinitas Blvd.
Encinitas, CA 92024
(760) 522-5195
9-
ATTACHMENT "A"
PROJECT PLANS
INSERT
DRAWINGS
HERE
ATTACHMENT "B"
Hydrology Study
HYDROLOGY STUDY for 5003 Tierra del Oro
PE 1355
HYDROLOGY CALCULATIONS
For
5003 TIERRA DEL ORRO
APN: 210-020-22
CARLSBAD, CALIFORNIA
Prepared For
DICK CAMPBELL
630 ENCINITAS BLVD
ENCE^ITAS, CA 92024
PE 1355 SWMP
PREPARED BY:
PASCO ENGINEERING, INC.
535 N. HIGHWAY 101, SUITE A
SOLANA BEACH, CA 92075
(858)259-8212
DATE: 11/27/06
W. JUSTIN SU ITER, RCE 68964
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HYDROLOGY STUDY for 5003 Tierra del Oro
PE 1355
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION
Executive Summary 1.0
Introduction I.l
Existing Conditions 1.2
Proposed Project 1.3
Summary of Results and Conditions 1.4
Conclusions 1.5
References 1.6
Methodology 2.0
Introduction 2.1
County of San Diego Criteria 2.2
City of Carlsbad Standards 2.3
Runoff coefficient determination 2.4
Hydrology Model Output 3.0
Pre-Developed Hydrologic Model Output -100-Year Storm 3.1
Post-Developed Hydrologic Model Output -- 100-Year Storm 3.2
85'" Percentile Peak Flow 4.0
Appendix 5.0
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HYDROLOGY STUDY for 5003 Tierra del Oro
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1.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
1.1 Introduction
This Hydrology Study for 5003 Tiena del Oro has been prepared to analyze the
hydrologic and hydraulic characteristics of the existing and proposed project site. This
report intends to present both the methodology and the calculations used for determining
the mnoff from the project site in both the pre-developed (existing) conditions and the
post-developed (proposed) conditions produced by the 100 year 6 hour storm.
1.2 Existing Conditions
The property is geographically located at N 33°08'02" W 117°20'15". The site is
bordered by residential developments to the north, east and south. It is bordered by the
Pacific Ocean to the west. The project site is located in the Buena Vista Creek
Hydrologic Area and more specifically, the El Salto Sub-Area (4.21). The project is
located approximately 300 feet northwest of the intersection of Carlsbad Blvd and Tierra
del Oro.
The existing project site consists of one lot which is currently occupied by a single family
residence. The site consists of a gentle slope from west to east on the eastem portion of
the property. The rest of the property slopes to the west towards existing steep slopes
down to the beach. Drainage from the eastem developed portion of the site is primarily
conveyed in a easterly direction across the project site to Tierra del Oro. The rest ofthe
mnoff from the site is conveyed to the west to existing rip rap at the base of the steep
slopes. The surrounding residences are fully contained and do not contribute to this site.
1.3 Proposed Project
The project proposes to constmct a new single family residence on the site. The
proposed residence will decrease impervious area. The project will maintain edge
conditions and will not modify any existing drainage conditions.
To meet water quality objectives, the project proposes to treat all runoff water using
landscaped areas as standard BMP's to treat the site's runoff The BMP's proposed
include a series of bio-filter swales, which are intended to filter shallow concentrated
storm water; thereby filtering the storm water due to its relatively slow velocity and
shallow depth, and allowing suspended pollutants to settle and deposit within the swale.
1.4 Summary of Results
Upon perfonning hydrologic analysis of the project site in both the proposed developed
and existing condition, the following results were produced:
In existing condhions the hydrologic model included the analysis of the project site at
two points of discharge. Output data from the hydrologic analysis model of the project
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HYDROLOGY STUDY for 5003 Tierra del Oro
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site in the existing condition indicates that the 1 OO-year peak nmoff flow on the eastem
portion of the site is 0.31 cfs and the flow on the westem portion of the site is 0.31 cfs.
The area of the existing conditions confributing storm water mnoff is 0.058 AC on the
east side and 0.58 AC on the west side of the site.
Output data from the hydrologic analysis model of the project site in the proposed
condition indicates that the 1 OO-year peak mnoff flow on the eastem portion of the site is
0.27 cfs and the flow on the western portion of the site is 0.30 cfs. The area of the
existing conditions contributing storm water mnoff is 0.055 AC on the east side and 0.60
AC on the west side of the site.
1.5 Conclusions
The proposed storm drain system incorporates swales and biofilters to convey mnoff
from the site. One hundred percent of roof water will been captured will be pumped to a
positively draining storm drain system or will drain positively to Tiena del Oro. The
storm water runoff system for the proposed project is sized to safely collect and convey
the 1 OO-year peak flow.
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1.6 References
"San Diego County Hydrology Manual", revised June 2003, County of San Diego,
Department of Public Works, Flood Control Section.
"Drainage Design Manual", City of San Diego, April 1984, addendum March 1989.
"Califorma Regional Water Quality Control Board Order No. 2001-01, " Califomia
Regional Water Control Board, San Diego Region (SDRWQCB).
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2.0 METHODOLOGY
2.1 Introduction
The hydrologic model used to perform the hydrologic analysis presented in this report
utilizes the Ration Method (RM) equation, Q=CIA. The RM formula estimates the peak
rate of mnoff based on the variables of area, mnoff coefficient, and rainfall intensity.
The rainfall intensity (I) is equal to:
I = 7.44 X P6 X D-°-^^
Where:
I = Intensity (in/hr)
Pe = 6-hour precipitation (inches)
D = duration (minutes - use Tc)
Using the Time of Concenfration (Tc), which is the time required for a given element of
water that originates at the most remote point of the basin being analyzed to reach the
point at which the runoff from the basin is being analyzed. The RM equation determines
the storm water runoff rate (Q) for a given basin in terms of flow (typically in cubic feet
per second (cfs) but sometimes as gallons per minute (gpm)). The RM equation is as
follows:
Q = CIA
Where:
Q= flow (in cfs)
C = mnoff coefficient, ratio of rainfall that produces storm water
mnoff (runoff vs. infiltration/evaporation/absorption/etc)
I = average rainfall intensity for a duration equal to the Tc for the
area, in inches per hour.
A = drainage area contributing to the basin in acres.
The RM equation assumes that the storm event being analyzed delivers precipitation to
the entire basin uniformly, and therefore the peak discharge rate will occur when a
raindrop falls at the most remote portion of the basin arrives at the point of analysis. The
RM also assumes that the fraction of rainfall that becomes nmoff or the mnoff coefficient
C is not affected by the storm intensity, I, or the precipitation zone number.
In addition to the above Ration Method assumptions, the conservative assumption that all
mnoff coefficients utilized for this report are based on type "D" soils.
2.2 County of San Diego Criteria
As defined by the County Hydrology Manual dated Jime 2003, the rational method is the
preferred equation for determining the hydrologic characteristics of basins up to
approximately one square mile in size. The County of San Diego has developed its own
tables, nomographs, and methodologies for analyzing storm water nmoff for areas within
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the county. The County has also developed precipitation isopluvial contour maps that
show even lines of rainfall anticipated from a given storm event (i.e. 1 OO-year, 6-hour
storm).
One of the variables of the RM equation is the mnoff coefficient, C. The mnoff
coefficient is dependent only upon land use and soil type and the County of San Diego
has developed a table of Runoff Coefficients for Urban Areas to be applied to basin
located within the County of San Diego. The table categorizes the land use, the
associated development density (dwelling units per acre) and the percentage of
impervious area. Each of the categories listed has an associated runoff coefficient, C, for
each soil type class.
The Coimty has also illustrated in detail the methodology for determining the time of
concentration, in particular the initial time of concentration. The County has adopted the
Federal Aviation Agency's (FAA) overland time of flow equation. This equation
essentially limits the flow path length for the initial time of concentration to lengths of
100 feet or less, and is dependent on land use and slope.
2.3 City of Carlsbad Standards
The City of Carlsbad has additional requirements for hydrology reports which are
outlined in the Storm Water Management and Discharge Control Ordinance. Please refer
to this manual for further details.
2.4 Runoff Coefficient Determination
As stated in section 2.2, the runoff coefficient is dependent only upon land use and soil
type and the County of San Diego has developed a table of Rimoff Coefficients for Urban
Areas to be applied to basin located within the County of San Diego. The table, included
in the Appendix, categorizes the land use, the associated development density (dwelling
units per acre) and the percentage of impervious area.
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3.0 HYDROLOGY MODEL OUTPUT
3.1 Pre-Developed Hydrologic Model Output
****************************************************************************
RATIONAL METHOD HYDROLOGY COMPUTER PROGRAM PACKAGE
Reference: SAN DIEGO COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT
2001,1985,1981 HYDROLOGY MANUAL
(c) Copyright 1982-2002 Advanced Engineering Software (aes)
Ver. l.SA Release Date: 01/01/2002 License ID 1452
Analysis prepared by:
Pasco Engineering, Inc.
535 N. HWY 101, Suite A
Solana Beach, CA 92075
************************** DESCRIPTION OF STUDY **************************
* 100 YEAR STORM EVENT PREDEVELOPMENT HYDROLOGIC ANALYSIS
* 5003 TIERRA DEL ORO, CALRSBAD, CA "
* CAMPBELL PROPERTY - PE 1355 *
**************************************************.*********jH,*tjHi.j^^^.^.j,j^j,,j^^
FILE NAME: 1355PRE.DAT
TIME/DATE OF STUDY: 11:32 11/28/2006
USER SPECIFIED HYDROLOGY AND HYDRAULIC MODEL INFORMATION:
1985 SAN DIEGO MANUAL CRITERIA
USER SPECIFIED STORM EVENT(YEAR) = 100.00
6-HOUR DURATION PRECIPITATION (INCHES) = 2.500
SPECIFIED MINIMUM PIPE SIZE(INCH) = 3.00
SPECIFIED PERCENT OF GRADIENTS (DECIMAL) TO USE FOR FRICTION SLOPE = 0.95
SAN DIEGO HYDROLOGY MANUAL "C"-VALUES USED FOR RATIONAL METHOD
NOTE: ONLY PEAK CONFLUENCE VALUES CONSIDERED
*USER-DEFINED STREET-SECTIONS FOR COUPLED PIPEFLOW AND STREETFLOW MODEL*
HALF- CROWN TO STREET-CROSSFALL: CURB GUTTER-GEOMETRIES: MANNING
WIDTH CROSSFALL IN- / OUT-/PARK- HEIGHT WIDTH LIP HIKE FACTOR
NO. (FT) (FT) SIDE / SIDE/ WAY (FT) (FT) (FT) (FT) (n)
1 30.0 20.0 0.018/0.018/0.020 0.67 2.00 0.0312 0.167 0.0150
GLOBAL STREET FLOW-DEPTH CONSTRAINTS:
1. Relative Flow-Depth = 0.00 FEET
as (Maximum Allowable Street Flow Depth) - (Top-of-Curb)
2. (Depth)*(Velocity) Constraint = 6.0 (FT*FT/S)
*SIZE PIPE WITH A FLOW CAPACITY GREATER THAN
OR EQUAL TO THE UPSTREAM TRIBUTARY PIPE.*
***************************************************************^^f^rjr*^^^^^^^jf
FLOW PROCESS FROM NODE 2.00 TO NODE 1.00 IS CODE = 21
»»>RATI0NAL METHOD INITIAL SUBAREA ANALYSIS««<
*USER SPECIFIED(SUBAREA):
USER-SPECIFIED RUNOFF COEFFICIENT = .9000
S.C.S. CURVE NUMBER (AMC II) = 0
INITIAL SUBAREA FLOW-LENGTH = 100.00
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UPSTREAM ELEVATION = 44.40
DOWNSTREAM ELEVATION = 34.00
ELEVATION DIFFERENCE = 10.40
URBAN SUBAREA OVERLAND TIME OF FLOW(MINUTES) = 1.64 9
•CAUTION: SUBAREA SLOPE EXCEEDS COUNTY NOMOGRAPH
DEFINITION. EXTRAPOLATION OF NOMOGRAPH USED.
TIME OF CONCENTRATION ASSUMED AS 6-MINUTES
100 YEAR RAINFALL INTENSITY(INCH/HOUR) = 5.856
SUBAREA RUNOFF(CFS) = 0.31
TOTAL AREA{ACRES) = 0.06 TOTAL RUNOFF(CFS) = 0.31
+ +
I END OF ANALYSIS OF WESTERN PORTION OF SITE |
I BEGIN OF ANALYSIS OF EASTERN PORTION OF SITE |
I I + +
***************************************************************.****vnt**i*v,**
FLOW PROCESS FROM NODE 4.00 TO NODE 3.00 IS CODE = 21
»»>RATI0NAL METHOD INITIAL SUBAREA ANALYSIS««<
*USER SPECIFIED(SUBAREA):
USER-SPECIFIED RUNOFF COEFFICIENT = .9000
S.C.S. CURVE NUMBER (AMC II) = 0
INITIAL SUBAREA FLOW-LENGTH = 70.00
UPSTREAM ELEVATION = 44.40
DOWNSTREAM ELEVATION = 43.90
ELEVATION DIFFERENCE = 0.50
URBAN SUBAREA OVERLAND TIME OF FLOW(MINUTES) = 3.369
TIME OF CONCENTRATION ASSUMED AS 6-MINUTES
100 YEAR RAINFALL INTENSITY(INCH/HOUR) = 5.856
SUBAREA RUNOFF(CFS) = 0.31
TOTAL AREA(ACRES) = 0.06 TOTAL RUNOFF(CFS) = 0.31
END OF STUDY SUMMARY:
TOTAL AREA(ACRES) 0 06 TC(MIN.) = 6.00
PEAK FLOW RATE(CFS) 0 31
END OF RATIONAL METHOD ANALYSIS
M:\Hydrology & HydraulicsM 355 HYDRO.doc
PE # 1355 12:34 PM 11/28/2006
HYDROLOGY STUDY for 5003 Tierra del Oro
PE 1355
3.2 Post-Developed Hydrologic Model Output
***********************************************************Vr***^*jH,j,jt,t^j^i.jt,H
RATIONAL METHOD HYDROLOGY COMPUTER PROGRAM PACKAGE
Reference: SAN DIEGO COUNTY FLOOD CONTROL DISTRICT
2001,1985,1981 HYDROLOGY MANUAL
(c) Copyright 1982-2002 Advanced Engineering Software (aes)
Ver. 1.5A Release Date: 01/01/2002 License ID 1452
Analysis prepared by:
Pasco Engineering, Inc.
535 N. HWY 101, Suite A
Solana Beach, CA 92075
************************** DESCRIPTION OF STUDY **************************
* 100 YEAR STORM EVENT POSTDEVELOPMENT HYDROLOGIC ANALYSIS '
* 5003 TIERRA DEL ORO, CARLSBAD, CA <
* CAMPBELL PROPERTY - PE 1355 "
********************************************************************,t+****
FILE NAME: 1355POST.DAT
TIME/DATE OF STUDY: 11:39 11/28/2006
USER SPECIFIED HYDROLOGY AND HYDRAULIC MODEL INFORMATION:
1985 SAN DIEGO MANUAL CRITERIA
USER SPECIFIED STORM EVENT(YEAR) = 100.00
6-HOUR DURATION PRECIPITATION (INCHES) = 2.500
SPECIFIED MINIMUM PIPE SIZE(INCH) = 3.00
SPECIFIED PERCENT OF GRADIENTS(DECIMAL) TO USE FOR FRICTION SLOPE =0.95
SAN DIEGO HYDROLOGY MANUAL "C"-VALUES USED FOR RATIONAL METHOD
NOTE: ONLY PEAK CONFLUENCE VALUES CONSIDERED
*USER-DEFINED STREET-SECTIONS FOR COUPLED PIPEFLOW AND STREETFLOW MODEL*
HALF- CROWN TO STREET-CROSSFALL: CURB GUTTER-GEOMETRIES: MANNING
WIDTH CROSSFALL IN- / 0UT-/PARK- HEIGHT WIDTH LIP HIKE FACTOR
NO. (FT) (FT) SIDE / SIDE/ WAY (FT) (FT) (FT) (FT) (n)
1 30.0 20.0 0.018/0.018/0.020 0.67 2.00 0.0312 0.167 0.0150
GLOBAL STREET FLOW-DEPTH CONSTRAINTS:
1. Relative Flow-Depth = 0.00 FEET
as (Maximum Allowable Street Flow Depth) - (Top-of-Curb)
2. (Depth)*(Velocity) Constraint = 6.0 {FT*FT/S)
*SIZE PIPE WITH A FLOW CAPACITY GREATER THAN
OR EQUAL TO THE UPSTREAM TRIBUTARY PIPE.*
****************************************************************************
FLOW PROCESS FROM NODE 2.10 TO NODE 1.10 IS CODE = 21
»»>RATIONAL METHOD INITIAL SUBAREA ANALYSIS««<
*USER SPECIFIED(SUBAREA):
USER-SPECIFIED RUNOFF COEFFICIENT = .8500
S.C.S. CURVE NUMBER (AMC II) = 0
INITIAL SUBAREA FLOW-LENGTH = 100.00
UPSTREAM ELEVATION = 44.40
DOWNSTREAM ELEVATION = 33.50
M:\Hydrology & HydraulicsM 355 HYDRO.doc
PE # 1355 12:34 PM 11/28/2006
HYDROLOGY STUDY for 5003 Tierra del Oro
PE 1355
ELEVATION DIFFERENCE = 10.90
URBAN SUBAREA OVERLAND TIME OF FLOW(MINUTES) = 2.030
*CAUTI0N: SUBAREA SLOPE EXCEEDS COUNTY NOMOGRAPH
DEFINITION. EXTRAPOLATION OF NOMOGRAPH USED.
TIME OF CONCENTRATION ASSUMED AS 6-MINUTES
100 YEAR RAINFALL INTENSITY(INCH/HOUR) = 5.856
SUBAREA RUNOFF(CFS) = 0.30
TOTAL AREA(ACRES) = 0.06 TOTAL RUNOFF(CFS) = 0.30
+ ^
I END OF ANALYSIS FOR WESTERN PORTION OF SITE |
I BEGIN OF ANALYSIS FOR EASTERN PORTION OF SITE |
I I + +
****************************************************************************
FLOW PROCESS FROM NODE 4.10 TO NODE 3.10 IS CODE = 21
»»>RATI0NAL METHOD INITIAL SUBAREA ANALYSIS««<
*USER SPECIFIED(SUBAREA):
USER-SPECIFIED RUNOFF COEFFICIENT = .8500
S.C.S. CURVE NUMBER (AMC II) = 0
INITIAL SUBAREA FLOW-LENGTH = 70.00
UPSTREAM ELEVATION = 4 4.60
DOWNSTREAM ELEVATION = 43.90
ELEVATION DIFFERENCE = 0.70
URBAN SUBAREA OVERLAND TIME OF FLOW(MINUTES) = 3.7 65
TIME OF CONCENTRATION ASSUMED AS 6-MINUTES
100 YEAR RAINFALL INTENSITY(INCH/HOUR) = 5.856
SUBAREA RUNOFF(CFS) = 0.27
TOTAL AREA(ACRES) = 0.05 TOTAL RUNOFF(CFS) = 0.27
END OF STUDY SUMMARY:
TOTAL AREA(ACRES)
PEAK FLOW RATE(CFS)
0
0
05 TC(MIN.)
27
= 6.00
END OF RATIONAL METHOD ANALYSIS
M:\Hydrology & HydraulicsM 355 HYDRO.doc
PE # 1355 12:34 PM 11/28/2006
HYDROLOGY STUDY for 5003 Tierra del Oro
PE 1355
4.0 85™ PERCENTILE PEAK FLOW AND GRASSY SWALE DESIGN
M:\Hydrology & HydraulicsM 355 HYDRO.doc
PE # 1355 12:34 PM 11/28/2006
85TH PERCENTILE PEAK FLOW AND VOLUME DETERMINATION
Modified Rational Method - Effective for Watersheds < 1.0 mi^
Note: Only Enter Values in Boxes - Spreadsheet Will Calculate Remaining Values
Project Name 5003 TIERRA DEL ORO |
Work Order 1
Jurisdiction City of Carlsbad j
BMP Location |Treatment Swale
85th Percentile Rainfall = | 0.58 [inches
(from County Isopluvial Map)
Developed Drainage Area = 0.1 acres
Natural Drainage Area = 0.0 acres
Total Drainage Area to BMP = 0.1 acres
Dev. Area Percent Impervious = | 90 %
Overall Percent Impervious = 90 %
Dev. Area Runoff Coefficient = 0.90
Nat. Area Runoff Coefficient = 0.35
Runoff Coefficient = 0.90
Time of Concentration = 6.0 minutes
(from Drainage Study)
RATIONAL METHOD RESULTS
Q = CIA where
V = CPA where
Q = 85th Percentile Peak Flow (cfs)
C = Runoff Coefficient
I = Rainfall Intensity (0.2 inch/hour per RWQCB mandate)
A = Drainage Area (acres)
V = 85th Percentile Runoff Volume (acre-feet)
C = Runoff Coefficient
P = 85th Percentile Rainfall (inches)
A = Drainage Area (acres
Using the Total Drainage Area:
C = 0.90
I = 0.2 inch/hour
P = 0.58 inches
A= 0.1 acres
Q =
V =
0.02 cfs
0.01 acre-feet
Grassy Swale Design Spreadsheet
Given:
Design flow
Residence time (req)
0.02 cfs
9 minutes
Trapezoid Channel Design Parameters:
y
t
w
z
A
0.25 feet
4 feet
2 feet
4 ft/ft
0.75 sq ft
Find Qmax of channel:
Q= (1.49/n)*A*R'^(2/3)*sr5
n 0.2
s 0.01 ft/ft (long. Slope)
r 0.2 ft
Find Velocity in channel
V=Q/A
Therefore:
V = 0.026667 fps
Q= 0.19109 cfs
Required Length of Channel:
L=vt
Therefore:
L= 14.4
L= 100
Diagram of Swale Variables Used in Spreadsheet
HYDROLOGY STUDY for 5003 Tierra del Oro
PE 1355
5.0 APPENDIX
M:\Hydrology & HydraulicsM 355 HYDRO.doc
PE # 1355 12:34 PM 11/28/2006
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ATTACHMENT "C"
Beneficial Uses
Carlsbad Watershed - Beneficial Water Uses Page 1 of2
c/ean waterlhiough locai comm'itment and action
Carlsbad Watershed
Beneficial Water Uses
Return to Carlsbad Watershed page
Beneficial water uses within the Carlsbad Watershed as designated In
the State Water Resources Control Board's San Dieqo Region Basin
Plan.
Beneficial Uses Inland Surface
Water Coastal Waters Reservoirs and
Lakes Ground Water
Municipal and
Domestic Supply X X X
Agricultural
Supply X X X
Industrial Service
Supply X X X X
Navigation X
Hydropower
Generation X X
Contact Water
Recreation X X X
Non-Contact
V/ater Recreation X X X
Commercial and
Sport Fishing X
Warm
Freshwater
Habitat
X X X
Cold Freshwater
Habitat X X
Estuarine Habitat X "
Wildlife Habitat X X X
Biological
Habitats X
Rare,
Threatened, or
End.
X X
Marine Habitat X
Migration of
Aquatic
Organisms
X
Aquaculture X
Shellfish
Harvesting X
Carlsbad Watershed - Beneficial Water Uses Page 2 of 2
[ill... ^2.
Spawning,
Reprod. and/or
Early Develop.
Summary of beneficial use designations.
•
project clean v/ater
Leadership, cooperation, and education are the most
important tools we have for compelling change.
PCW Webmaster
Carlsbad Watershed Pag; 2 of 3
-I- T" -.^-^ jfes?!^
Major Impacts: degradation and loss, invasive species,
eutrophication
Constituents of
Concern:
Coliform bacteria, nutrients, sediment, trace
metals, and toxics
Sources / Activities: Urban runoff, agricultural runoff, sewage
spills, and livestock / domestic animals
The Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit is approximately 210 square miles In
area extending from the headwaters above Lake Wolhford in the east
to the Pacific Ocean in the west, and from Vista and Oceanside in the
north to Solana Beach, Escondido, and the community of Rancho
Santa Fe to the south. The cities of Carlsbad, San Marcos, and
Encinitas are entirely within this HU. There are numerous important
surface hydrologic features within the Carlsbad HU including four
unique coastal lagoons, three major creeks, and two large water
storage reservoirs. The HU contains four major, roughly parallel
hydrologic areas. From north to south they are the Buena Vista
(901.2), the Agua Hedionda (904.3), the Batiquitos (904.5), and the
San Elijo (904.6) HAs. Two smaller HAs, the Loma Alta (904.1) and
the Canyon de las Encinas (904.4) are also within the Carlsbad HU.
The largest jurisdictions in terms of land area in the Carlsbad HU are
the unincorporated San Diego County areas (66 sq. miles), the cities
of Carlsbad (39 sq. miles) and San Marcos (24 sq. miles), and an
approximately 27 square mile portion of the City of Escondido. The
cities of Carlsbad, San Marcos, and Encinitas are located entirely within
the HU. Approximately 48% of the Carlsbad HU is urbanized. The
dominant land uses are residential (29%), commercial/ industrial
(6%), freeways and roads (12%), agriculture (12%), and vacant/
undeveloped (32%).
The Agua Hedionda, Buena Vista, and San Elijo lagoons are
experiencing impairments to beneficial uses due to excessive coliform
bacteria and sediment loading from upstream sources. These coastal
lagoons represent critical regional resources that provide freshwater
and estuarine habitats for numerous plant and animal species. Other
water bodies in the Carlsbad HU have been identified as impaired on
the California 303(d) list for elevated coliform bacteria including
several locations in the Pacific Ocean near creek and lagoon outlets.
The population of the Carlsbad HU is approximately 500,000 residents
making it the third most densely populated in San Diego County
behind the Pueblo San Diego and the Penasquitos HUs. A high
percentage ofthe undeveloped land is in private ownership and the
population ofthe Carlsbad HU is projected to increase to over 700,000
residents by 2015. Effective planning measures will be needed to
prevent this rapid development from further degrading water quality in
this region of San Diego County.
There are many iiengficM^^ Carlsbad Watershed
as designated in the State Water Resources Control Board's San Diego
Region Basin Plan•
Carlsbad Watershed Page 1 of3
clean waterlhiough local commHmenf and adion
Carisbad Watershed
prg.^^ WATERSHED URBAN RUNOFF MANAGEMENT PROGRAM
ANNUAL UPDATE - CARLSBAD HYDROLOGIC UNIT (11/03)
Hydrologic Unit 904.10 - 904.63
Hydrologic Areas:
Loma Alta 904.1
Buena Vista Creek 904.2
Agua Hedionda 904.3
Encinas 904.4
San Marcos 904.5
Escondido Creek 904.6
Major Water Bodies:
Loma Alta Creek, Buena Vista Creek, Buena
Vista Lagoon, Agua Hedionda Creek, Agua
Hedionda Lagoon, San Marcos Creek,
Batiquitos Lagoon, Escondido Creek, San
Elijo Lagoon, and Lake Wolhford
CWA 303(d) List:
Pacific Ocean/ Buena Vista, Pacific Ocean/
Escondido Creek, Pacific Ocean/ Loma Alta,
and Pacific Ocean/ San Marcos: coliform
bacteria, Agua Hedionda Lagoon: coliform
bacteria, sedimentation, Buena Vista
Lagoon: coliform bacteria, nutrients,
sedimentation, Loma Alta Slough:
eutrophic, coliform bacteria, San Elijo
Lagoon: eutrophic, coliform bacteria,
sedimentation
Surface water quality degradation, beach
closures, sedimentation, habitat
Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit Overview
4.0 Carlsbad
Hydrologic Unit
Overview
The targeted area of this Plan isthe approximately 210 square mile
Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit (CHU), which is a formed by a group of wa-
tersheds in northern San Diego County.The CHU is bordered by the
San Luis Rey River Watershed to the north and by the San Dieguito
RiverWatershed to the south.The CHU is comprised of the following
seven Hydrologic Areas (watersheds): Loma Alta Creek, Buena Vista
Creek, Agua Hedionda and Buena Creeks, Canyons de las Encinas
Creek, San Marcos Creek, Cottonwood Creek and Escondido Creek as
shown in Figure 4.0-1.The CHU contains four major coastal lagoons:
Buena Vista, Agua Hedionda, Batiquitos and San Elijo.
Land uses are quite diverse, ranging from urban and suburban devel-
opment, industrial, commercial, intense agriculture, floriculture, con-
fined animal operations, open space, and recreational. Northern San
Diego County has a large number of agriculture related business due
to the consistent climate.The area is responsible for the agricultural
production of various food items including avocados, citrus and dairy.
Thte targeted area of
this Plan is the
approximately 210
square mile Carlsbad
Hydrologic Unit
comprised ofthe
following seven
Hydrologic Areas
(watersheds):
Loma Alta Creek,
Buena Vista Creel<,
Agua Hedionda and
Buena Creeks, Canyons
de las Encinas Creek,
San IMarcos Creek,
Cottonwood Creek and
Escondido Creek
Loma Alta Creek 3B 6,277 4%
Buen a Vista Creek 22.6 11%
Agua Hedionda Creek 23 A 18,S37 14%
Canyons de las Encinas Creek 5A 3,il34 2%
San Marcos Crsfik 563 36,050 27%
Cottonvi/Dod Creek 3/1 2,175 2%
Escond id o Creek 6d.5 51,112 40%
Total 211.5 135,322 100%
mm ^
Figure 4.0-1: Watersheds ofthe Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit
4-1
Carlsbad Watershed Management Plan
4.0.1 Historical Conditions
Prehistoric and Historic Settlement and Land Use
Patterns
In prehistoric times, Paleo-Indian complexes (San Dieguito SSOOb.p.
and La Jolla 7500b.p.) resided around the coastal lagoons, primarily
living on collected shellfish, augmented with some crude milling of
flour. Later, prehistoric cultures (950b.p.) began to show less depen-
dency on marine resources and depended more on milled flour and
agricultural crops such as corn, thus allowing them to reside in areas
further away from the coastal lagoons. This form of habitation remained
intact until Spanish exploration ofthe area and the Mission and Rancho
Eras began. Today only remnants ofthese tribes are left, and are repre-
sented bythe various reservations within the region (Pala, San Pasqual,
Rincon, Pauma, La Jolla, Mesa Grande, and Santa Ysabel).
Much of the CHU was used for ranching by the Spanish in the 1760s.
One ofthe first settlements was the Mission San Luis Rey de Francia,
founded in 1798. During the mid-19th century many of the large Mexi-
can land grants occurred. As these land grants were settled, ranching
was looked to as a way of life. With ranching often leaving the land-
owners short of self-sufficiency, crop raising and other agricultural uses
were introduced. Eventually, the crop raising and other agricultural uses
became the primary use, with ranching as a secondary use ofthe land.
Even as theAmerican's took over California in 1848 and began home-
steading within the CHU in the 1870s, much ofthe land remained in
agricultural use.
Completion ofthe
California Southern
Railway and the Arizona
Eastern Railway in 1881
created the first man-
made constriction
across the coastal
lagoons.
Photo 4.0-1:1928 photograph of Buena Vista Lagoon
showing the Arizona Eastern Railway crossing and the
Pacific Coast Highway crossing. Note that the lagoon was
open to intermittent tidal exchange at this time.
Following the completion ofthe California
Southern Railway and the Arizona Eastern
Railway in 1881, creating the first man-
made constriction across the coastal la-
goons, the region was opened up for fur-
ther development. The paving ofthe Pa-
cific Coast Highway in 1912 created the sec-
ond man-made constriction across the
coastal lagoons (Photo 4.0-1).
The avocado was introduced to the region
around 1917 and irrigated orchards soon
became a prevalent land use within the re-
gion. Floods in the late 1920s forced the
Pacific Coast Highway bridges to be recon-
structed, and then the Santa Fe Railroad
was constructed in its current location in
1934. In the 1950s, the State of California
decided upon an alignment for Interstate 5
(Photo 4.0-2) and construction was com-
pleted in the late 1960s, creating the third
man-made constriction across the coastal
lagoons.
4-2
Patterns of Development
Land use within the CHU was histori-
cally agricultural in nature with a few
enclaves of residential and commer-
cially developed areas concentrating
around Oceanside, Escondido,
Carlsbad, Encinitas, Cardiff, Olivenhain,
Solana Beach, and Vista (Photo 4.0-3).
During the mid-to-late 1970s, develop-
ment pressures began to be felt by this
region, and by the late 1980s, a signifi-
cant portion ofthe land area had been,
or was slated to be, developed for resi-
dential or other urban uses. The devel-
opment pressures within this region
continue to be strong. For example, San
Marcos is one ofthe fastest growing cit-
ies in southern California. A review of
the past, present, and future changes in
land use patterns within the CHU shows
how quickly the area has developed as
shown inTable 4.0-1.
Photo 4.0-2:1953 photograph of Buena Vista Lagoon showing
the Santa Fe Railroad, Pacific Coast Highway, and the
Interstate 5 crossing under construction. Note thatthe lagoon
weir is now in place.
^:^'^.
^V' •, . . -.-1 •>
fl... i:r-.:JF>
Photo 4.0-3: 1986 photograph depicting primarily rural character of region.
4-3
Carlsbad Watershed Management Plan
Land Cover 1350"s 1:333 2020
ran geland 27% 5% 0%
orch a rd s/'vi ne rd s 24% 5% 1%
rcMV crops'! ntensi%'5 agricu Iture 14% 7% 1%
undevelofred land s 25% 37% 10%
urban 9% 46% 88%
Table 4.0-1: Land use changes within the CHU region
expressed as a percentage of total land area within the CHU
region from the 1960s to present and projected to the year
2020
As urban development has in-
creased within the region, so has
the need for further jurisdictional
incorporation.The communities of
Oceanside and Escondido were
two of the original development
areas in the 19th century and have
been in existence as incorporated
cities since 1888. Much ofthe rest
ofthe region remained underthe
jurisdiction of the County of San
Diego until the 1950s. In 1952, the
City of Carlsbad incorporated, fol-
lowed bythe cities of Vista and San
Marcos in 1963, and the cities of
Encinitas and Solana Beach in 1986
(Figure4.0-2).
Figure 4.0-2: Jurisdictions within the Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit
4-4
Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit Overview
Flooding Issues
Flooding within the CHU is not a regular event, but has occurred sev-
eral times within the last 150 years. Records show that floods occurred
in 1862,1884,1895,1916,1927 1932,1938,1942,1945,1965,1966,1979,
and 1996. No flood records and very few historical descriptions exist
for many ofthe historic floods.The following excerpts were taken from
an Army Corps of Engineers Flood Plain Information report from the
1970s.
" For a week San Diego County has been struggling in the grip ofa
storm and floods that have extended all over the state and that for
severity and in point of damage done exceed anything experienced
for years past.
The damage up the river from late accounts is principally the
destruction ofthe Bonsall bridge which is entirely gone. The San Luis
Rey bridge is unhurt but there is a considerable cut in the approach
on the north side which is passable for teams. The roadway is badly
damaged at the Monserrate ranch and atthe Richman place at Bonsall.
No reports are made of any damage at Pala and Supervisor Westfall
who got down Thursday afternoon reports that Fallbrook was unhurt
nothing being damaged but small culverts. The rainfall for the storm
at Fallbrook was 10.50 inches."
Excerpt from the Oceanside Blade, January 22, 1916:
A description of the 1916 flood event (Photo 4.0-4) was also included
in the Escondido Creek Watershed Work Plan, prepared in part by the
Escondido Soil Conservation Service in 1961:
Records show that
floods occurred in 1862,
1884, 1895, 1916, 1927,
1932, 1938, 1942, 1945,
1965, 1966, 1979, and
1996.
"The storms of 1916 were general
throughout Southern California,
causing widespread damage. The
resulting floods in Escondido Valley
were by far the most serious on record
since the white man's habitation ofthis
area. The first storm began on January
14 and ended January 19. A total of
nearly 11 inches of rainfall was recorded
during this period, with a peak
precipitation of nearly 5 inches in
January 17. A second storm followed
closely, beginning January 25 and
ending January 30. The total recorded
rainfall during this latter period was 7.5
inches with a peak precipitation of 5.5
inches on January 22 Atthe peak ofthis
second storm and for a considerable period thereafter, much ofthe
valley was inundated. It was estimated at the time that the floodwaters
were one-half mile wide through a large portion of the City of
Escondido..."
Photo 4.0-4: Looking north along Broadway in the City of
Escondido after the 1916 storms (ACOE, 1971)
4-5
Carlsbad Watershed Management Plan
Photo 4.0-5: Flooding along Twin Oaks Valley Road in San
Marcos after December 1966 storm (ACOE, 1971)
"Four inches of rain, half a season's
supply in some years, fell in Carlsbad in
a major storm which started Saturday.
Heavy v/inds and rains set off a series
of minor car accidents, flooded streets
and gutters and caused some erosion
at construction sites. Buena Vista
Lagoon and its eastern flood plain
reached full capacity, forcing Carlsbad
and Oceanside city crews to open an
outlet channel into the ocean."
Excerpt from the Carlsbad Journal, De-
cember 8, 1966
"Vista's rainfall total for the recent four-
day storm is less than one inch short of
the greatest continuous rainfall total
recorded here in 36 years (Photo 4.0-5),
7.29 inches recorded from February 27,
to March 4, 1938."
Excerpt from the Vista Press, Decem-
ber 9, 1966:
Many flood control projects were constructed during the
1950s through the 1970s in response to concern for public
safety and private property protection.These projects in-
cluded the channelization of Escondido Creek from Lake
Wohlford Road in the north to Harmony Grove Road in the
south (Photo 4.0-6); the channelization of Reidy Creek 900
feet to the north of its confluence with Escondido Creek;
Jacks Creek Dam (Dixon Reservoir); the channelization of
Buena Vista Creek through the City of Vista (Photo 4.0-7);
and the construction of Lake San Marcos. The current
FEMAFIRM Flood Zones are depicted in Figure 4.0-3.
Photo 4.0-7: Flood control channels under
construction in the City of Vista (ACOE,
1972)
Photo 4.0-6: Flood control channel within the City of
Escondido.
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Carlsbad Watershed Management Plan
4.0.2 Current Conditions
Climate
The climate variations within the CHU are primarily the result of the
degree of coastal influence and elevation.The CHU extends approxi-
mately 24 miles inland, and to a maximum elevation of 2,420ft on
Bear Ridge just north of Lake Wohlford.The average minimum tem-
peratures within the CHU range from approximately 39°F to 47°F in
the winter and from SI'F to 63°F during the summer months. The
average maximum temperatures within the CHU range from approxi-
mately 65°F to 69°F in the winter and from 70°F to 91°F during the
summer months. The annual average precipitation ranges from ap-
proximately 10 inches within the coastal areas to 17 inches within the
more mountainous inland areas as shown in Figure 4.0-4 below. Most
of the precipitation falls as rain during the months from December to
April. Snow is a very rare occurrence in the upper elevations ofthe
CHU.
Figure 4.0-4: Precipitation Isolines (inches of rainfall) for San Diego County and the Carlsbad Hydrologic
Unit (USDA, San Diego Area Soil Survey, 1973)
4-8
Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit Overview
Physiography and Morphology
The general hypsography and hydro-geomorphic conditions observed
in the CHU are reflective ofthe regional geologic and geomorphic set-
ting of the San Diego coastal region.The drainage basins are, for the
most part, relatively small features situated on low-lying coastal ter-
races and bounded on the east by foothill features ofthe coastal moun-
tain ranges.The CHU is composed ofa number of small drainage ba-
sins that are punctuated by larger drainage basins (San Luis Rey and
San Dieguito) that wrap around them and extend well inland to the
montane regions. In general, these smaller coastal watersheds are
physically simple in form.
Soils
The soils within the CHU range from excessively drained gravelly
sands to well drained clays, and include areas of rough broken land,
terrace escarpments, and steep gullied land. However, many of the
CHU soil series have characteristics that can have a significant affect
on water quality related issues. For instance, many ofthe soils have
erodibility ratings of severe, as shown in Figure 4.0-5. There are many
properties and qualities that affect soil erodibility Factors include slope.
Since severely erodible
soils comprise 90% of
the CHU, caution must
be used when
developing land use
plans and
implementing grading
ordinances.
Figure 4.0-5: Erodibility factor of soils within the Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit (USDA, San Diego Area Soil
Survey 1973).
4-9
Carlsbad Watershed Management Plan
surface layer texture, restricted permeability, and grade of structure
in the surface layer. Since severely erodible soils comprise 90% ofthe
CHU, caution must be used when developing land use plans and imple-
menting grading ordinances. Probable development areas, built on
highly erodible soil, pose a potential threat to the water quality and
sediment management ofthe hydrologic unit. Other important soil char-
acteristics include infiltration rate (the rate at which soil absorbs pre-
cipitation), and shrink-swell factor (the amount of water a soil can hold
and how quickly water can be released). Both ofthese characteristics
affect how quickly precipitation is transformed into surface runoff and
how long subsurface flows will continue into the dry season. Soils that
have a slow infiltration rate and a high shrink-swell factor are likely to
generate surface runoff sooner, but also continue to discharge subsur-
face flows longer than a soil with a fast infiltration rate and a low shrink-
swell factor.These two soil characteristics as they pertain to soils within
the CHU are shown in figures 4.0-6 and 4.0-7
2 Mk»
Figure 4.0-6: Infiltration rate of soils within the CHU (USDA, San Diego Area Soil Survey 1973)
4-10
Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit Overview
Figure 4.0-7: Shrink-swell factor of soils within the Carlsbad Hydrologic
Unit (USDA, San Diego Area Soil Survey 1973)
Existing Land Use
Land use pattems within the Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit are complex.
Most commercial and industrial development is focused around the
original town centers or along the two primary traffic routes (Inter-
state 5 and State Route 78). Residential land uses are by far the most
extensive and represented approximately 35% ofthe land area within
the CHU in 1999. Vacant and open space lands represented approxi-
mately 40% ofthe land area within the CHU in 1999, with another 11%
ofthe land area in agricultural use (Table 4.0-2). It would seem that
with over 50% ofthe land area within the CHU in non-urban uses, wa-
ter resources protection should be easy to attain. However, land uses
shown in Figure 4.0-8 do not support this theory. Much of the non-
developed land within the CHU occurs only in the headwater areas of
many ofthe watersheds and then is quickly turned to urban uses just a
short distance down stream, often with the stream corridor itself being
encroached upon and channelized for flood protection of private prop-
erty San Marcos Creek and Escondido Creek both have a significant
amountofnon-developedlandswithintheircentral sections. Efforts should
be focused on maintaining as much ofthis land area as possible as future
permanent open space.
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Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit Overview
Population and Suburban Growth
San Diego County's growth rate has been
increasing dramatically over the past de-
cades. According to the San Diego Asso-
ciation of Governments, San Diego
County's population is expected to in-
crease by approximately one million within
the next twenty years.This growth will re-
quire more than 400,000 new housing
units. A significant portion of that growth
will take place in northern San Diego
County. An example ofthat growth can be
seen now in the city of San Marcos, which
lies within the Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit.
It is currently the fastest-growing city in
the county.This trend is further reinforced
based on the population trends for the
seven cities within the CHU from 1980
through the year 2020, as shown inTable
4.0-3. This table demonstrates that these
seven cities have seen a population explo-
sion over the past twenty years and are
projected to continue to grow at an accel-
erated rate for the next twenty years.This
growth trend Is reinforced by the planned
land uses proposed throughout the
Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit. If these trend
continue, it is anticipated that very little va-
cant land will remain and agricultural uses
will be all but nonexistent. Residential land
uses are expected to increase from 35%
ofthe CHU land area in 1999 to 65% in
2020 (Table 4.0-4). Spatially, the planned
land uses follow much the same patterns
of development that the current land use
does with commercial and industnal cen-
ters remaining along the transportation
corridors and residential land
uses covering much ofthe re-
maining land area as shown in
Figure 4.0-9.
Generalized 1933 Land Ufa
•y X
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Spared Rural Residential 10,663 73%
Single Family Ftesidential 23,142 21.9%
Mu It i F a m i ly Resi de nti a 1 5,310 33%
Mo bite Home Parks 1,737 13%^
Group Quarters 133 0.1%.
Resort/H ctel/Tvilotel 231 0.2%
Hes'/y Indu stry 62 0D%
Industrial 3,849 28%
Mininq/JunkvardiiLandfill 670 0.5%
Airports/Airstrips 237 0.2%.
Transportation 1,935 1.5%
Utilities 641 0.5%.
Commercia! 2,885 2.1%
Office 5D7 04%.
Public Services 887 0.7%
Hospitals/Health Cane 240 0.2%
Schools 1,845 14%
Commercial Recreation 2,422 18%
Parks/Open Spase 7,835 58%
Agricu Itu re 15,337 11.4%
Vac:a nfU n de-v'el ope d 45,616 33.7%
Vi/ater Bodies 1,562 1.2%
IJ n de r Con st ructi on. 889 0.7%
135,322
Table 4.0-2: Generalized 1999 Land Uses within the
Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit (SANDAG 1999 Land Use)
Total Population bvCfenJu? Year(Ftecorded and Proj&rted)
Cky : - ^ '• 1360 ised 2000 2010 2020
Solana Beach 12;962 14;360 15,103 1 6,127
Encinitas 55;386 62,D60 68x440 70,750
Vista 35^34 71/972 85,659 101,364 103,316
San Marcos 17,479 38;974 53,938 75;356 91,557
Carlsbad 35,490 63,126 e2jD30 109,332 132,232
Oceanside 76,698 ias,338 160,753 196,613 202,592
Escon did o 64,355 105,635 127,fi13 140,490 143,228
Total Population 229,856 473,353 586,613 706,698 759,802
Table 4.0-3: Population growth trends within the Cities ofthe Carlsbad
Hydrologic Unit (SANDAG).
4-13
Carlsbad Watershed Management Plan
2
Generafized £020 Pl3nived
c
s-Land Use £
Spaced Rursl Residential 41,200 30.4%
3 in q le F am il V Re si cie nti a 1 41,932 31.0%
Mu Iti Family Residential 4,534 34%
Mobile Heme Parks 40 OJO%
Resort/H ate I/Motel 314 0.2%
Industrial 7,215 53%
Mining/Junkyard/Landfill 343 03%
Transportation 1,S75 14%
Utilities 256 0.2%
Commercial 5,221 33%
Office 748 0.5%
,=ublic Servce s 1,469 1.1%
Hospitals/Health Ore 134 0.1%
Schools 1,eB9 1.2%
Parks/Open Sp»e 13,472 10.0%
Water Bodies 74 0.1%
Indian Reservations 344 03%
Public/Sem i-Public 374 03%
Specifc Plan Area 12,763 94%
M'lxzd Usa 1,038 0£%
135,322
Table 4.0-4:2020 Planned Land Uses within
the Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit (SANDAG
Planned Land Use).
'3eneralized 19SQ Land Use
Spaced Rural Residential 5%
Sinqle Family Residential 2996
Multi Family Residential 69%
M obi le Home s.'Grou p Qu arte rs 70%
Re sort'H otel/Mote 1 75%
Heavy lndustr>' 75%
Industrial 6mk
Minin q/Ju n kyard/Landf ill 10%
Airports/Airstrips 70%
Transportation 75%
Litil ities 70^
Com mercial 85%
Office 70%
Pu blc Services 75%
Hospitals/Health Care 69%
Schools 655e
Corrimercial Ffecreation 70%
Parks/Open S pace/A qricu Itu re 2%
Vacant/LJn developed 2%
In addition to determining where and when land use
changes are likely to occur, it is also extremely impor-
tant to the watershed management planning process
to determine the location and amount of impervious
cover. Forthe purposes ofthis Plan, a simple approach
has been utilized. The 1999 land use codes were
overlayed on aerial photography to determine a con-
servative percent impervious value for each land use
category. Due to time and scope constraints, a single
imper/ious cover percentage was determined for each
land use category, where as in reality there can be sub-
stantial differences within a land use category through-
out the region. For instance, a single family reidential
area developed at 2 dwelling units per acre would look
very different than an area developed at 5 dwelling
units per acre. The same assumed impervious per-
centages for each land use category are presented
inTable 4.0-5. Once percentages were determined for
each land use category a simple analysis was per-
formed to determine the overall impervious cover
percentage for the each watershed. To perform the
analysis, the land area within each land use polygon
was multiplied by the impervious cover percentage
determined for each land use category. This new land
area can then be summarized at various geographic"
scales. The analysis has been summarized by water-
shed, and again forthe enitre Cadsbad Hydrologic Unit
within Table 4.0-6. Figure 4.0-10 shows the impervi-
ous cover percentages determined for each land use
category, divided into one ofthree ranges.These three
ranges of impervious cover have been determined by
watershed management professional (The Practice of
Watershed Protection: Article One), to have significant
value in determining the management goals of a par-
ticular watershed or sub-watershed. Based on this
initial analysis, all ofthe watershed would be consid-
ered impacted or non-supporting by professionals in
the watershed planning field.
Total Impervious "5c.
Watershed • Acres .Acres . irn pervious
Loma Alta Creek 6,277 1,789 29% .
Buen a Vista Creek 14,437 4,502 31%
Agua Hedionda Creek 18,837 3,701 20%
Encinas Creek 3,434 1,147 33%
San Marcos Creek 36,050 5,392 18%
Cottonwood Creek 2,175 709 33%
Escondido Oeek 54,112 6,786 13%
Total CHU 135,322 25,026 18%
Table 4.0-5: Impervious percentages for
land use codes
Table 4.0-6: Percent impervious cover within the watersheds
ofthe Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit.
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Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit Overview
A review ofthe 2000 National Census data forthe various watersheds
of the Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit (Figure 4.0-11 andTable 4.0-7) reveals
which watersheds are most populous, and which are the most densely
populated.This information can then be used as a predictor concern-
ing pollutant loading anticipated from residential land uses. Addition-
ally, by analyzing the population projections from SANDAG for each
ofthe municipalities within the Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit it is possible
to predict where within the CHU impacts associated with urban devel-
opment and residential land uses are likely to occur. Table 4.0-8 shows
the percentage of area each jurisdiction has within each watershed of
the Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit and how much of their jurisdiction lies
outside ofthe CHU.This information can then be utilized to determine
the approximate population growth to be expected within each ofthe
watersheds ofthe Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit. By taking the anticipated
2010 population growth for each jurisdiction, as published by SANDAG,
and multiplying it by the percentage of land area each jurisdiction has
within each watershed, the approximate population increase within each
watershed based on proportional land area can be determined (Table
4.0-9). This type of analysis does not take into consideration the amount
of land area designated for residential development, only the total land
area within each jurisdiction. However, the analysis is appropriate for
determining which watersheds are most likely to see the largest popu-
lation increases, and therefore have the greatest nsk for development
related sedimentation and erosion problems, and then the follow on
water quality issues related to residential development. From that per-
spective, the San Marcos Creek watershed is expected to have about
twice the number of new residents as any other watershed within the
Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit.
San Diego County's
population is expected
to increase by
approximately one
million within the next
twenty years.
Figure 4.0-11:2000 Population density within the Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit (SANDAG 2000 CensusTracts).
4-17
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Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit Overview
Population % of Total
CHU Acres per % of Total People per
Watershed Watershed Population Watershed CHU Area jScre
Loma Alta Creek 48,083 ICRfe 6,277 5% 0.13
Buena Vista Creek 104,583 21% 14,4.37 11% 0.14
Aqua Hedionda Creek 64,143 137^ 18,837 14% 0.23
Encinas Creek 6,122 1% 3,434 3% 0.56
San Mancos Creek 117,080 24% 35,050 27% 031
Cottonwood Creek 13,211 3% 2,175 2% 0.16
Escondido Creek 143,124 29%. 54,122 40%. 0.33
CHU Totals 496,34:3 135,332 0.27
Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit.
Jurisdiction
sn .i:
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Ocean side 22.9% 13.8% 4.3%
Vista 14% 54.9% 37.5% 0.4% 6.2%
San Marcos 5.5% 80.7% 128% 0.0%
Carlsbad 10.9% 30.7% 13.8% 44.1% 0.5% 0.0%
Escondido 7.5% 67.2% 25.3%
Encin it as 32.9% 15.6% 518% 0.0%
iSolana Beach 26.5% 73.9%
Countyof San Dieqo 0.00% 0.06% 0.2%. 0.31%. 0.02%. 1 3% 33.1%
Table 4.0-8: Distribution ofjurisd 'ctional area within the watersheds of the Carlsbad
Hydrologic Unit.
if
1"
-0 .
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0 0 0 i_
0
.•rt 111 '
-Jurisdbtion
<
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- 1 1
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ai HI c
< X 0 Encina Creek • 1 1
. . . v> 0 Cotton d Cree c .1:
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Cu .— cJ
Icity erf Oceanside 8,104 4,949 1,542
jCrty of Vista 220 8,553 5,899 63 15,705
Icttyof San Marcos 1,332 17,284 2,742 21,418
Ic'ity of Carlsbad 2,976 8,332 3,768 1^.040 137 27,302
City of Escondido 951 8,513 1^677
City of Encinitas 2,080 995 3,305 6,380
City of Solana BP ach 137 743
Countv of San Diego -66 221 343 22 1,439 110,702
8,324 16,550 17,427 3,768 32^761 1JD17 16,338 230,787
laoie ^.u-s: uisinuuiiuii aiiu^.-iyui'^^ t-..-!' ^ -
watersheds of the Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit based on proporttonal land area.
4-19
Carlsbad Watershed Management Plan 1 acres _ .••all 1 1 n CHU >tal area si 1995 Land Ov.'nership
Road ROWS 13,374 9.9%
Cities 3,325 6.9%
County 1,857 1.4%
Fire Districts 3 0.0%
School Districts 1,755 1.3%
Water Districts 918 0.7%
Sanitation Districts 153 0.1%
Special Districts 428 0.3%
State 1,373 1.0%
CALTRANS 1,744 1.3%
Stats Parks 7 0.0%
CADeptaf Fish StGame 472 0.3%
Indian Reservations 339 0.3%
Bureau of Land Management 739 0.6%
Other Federal 18 0.0%
Pri^/ately Held 102,723 75.9%
135,322
Land Ownership
Land ownership patterns within the Carlsbad Hy-
drologic Unit are complex, yet simple.They are
complex in that there are very few large public
land holdings within the CHU, most public land-
ing being small preserve or open space areas scat-
tered about the area as shown inTable 4.0-10 and
Figure 4.0-12. Privately held lands are by far the
most common, and represent approximately 76%
ofthe land area within the CHU. For the purposes
of implementing policies, programs, and projects
likely to be recommended by this Plan, it is a very
difficult land ownership environment to work
within.
Jurisdictional Agencies
Federal, state, and local agencies have jurisdiction
over various issues pertaining to the watersheds
located within the Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit. In-
corporated lands within the Cities of Carlsbad,
Encinitas, Escondido, Oceanside, San Marcos,
Solana Beach and Vista, as well as unincorporated
lands within the County of San Diego are located
in the Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit. The County of
Table 4.0-10:1995 Land ownership within the
Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit (SANDAG).
San Diego is a participant in the Multiple Species Conservation Plan
(MSCP), and the remaining jurisdictions are participants in the Mul-
tiple Habitat Conservation Plan (MHCP).The cities of Cadsbad, Encinitas,
Escondido, Oceanside and San Marcos currently have draft MHCP
Subarea Plans that outline land use regulations that complywith both
the Natural Community Conservation Planning (NCCP) Act and Cali-
fornia Environmental Quality Act (CEQA). Final Subarea Plans would
be expected to be included in the permitting processes. A draft MHCP
Subarea Plan is currently being prepared forthe City of Vista, and the
County of San Diego is currently gathering data for the preparation
of their draft MSCP North County Subarea Plan.Therefore, land use
regulations within these jurisdictions would comply with MHCP and
MSCP guidelines, respectively. The City of Solana Beach will not be
prepanng a Subarea Plan because all of the land located within this
jurisdiction is currently developed or placed in designated biological
open space. Land use regulations within this jurisdiction would com-
ply with MHCP guidelines. Sensitive species issues within the Carlsbad
Hydrologic Unit would fall under the jurisdiction of both the Califor-
nia Department of Fish and Game (CDFG) for state listed species and
the United States Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS) for federal listed
species.Wetland issues would fall underthe jurisdiction ofthefollow-
ing: 1) United States Army Corps of Engineers (USACOE) for place-
ment of dredged or fill material within waters of the U.S. pursuant to
the Clean Water Act (CWA), Section 404" Regional Water Quality
Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit Overview
Control Board (RWQCB) for any action that may result in degradation
of waters ofthe State pursuantto the CWA, Section 401, and; 3) CDFG
for alteration of a streambed pursuant to the California Fish and Game
Code, Section 1603. In addition, the California Coastal Commission
(CCC) regulates land and water uses located in the coastal zone con-
sistent with the policies ofthe California Coastal Act (CCA).
Vegetation Communities
Historically, the CHU was comprised of thin corridors of riparian for-
est, woodlands, and scrub along the primary drainages, with grass-
lands along the valley bottoms and gently sloping hills transitioning
into coastal sage and chaparral scrubs in the upland areas and groves
of oak woodlands within areas of more mesic conditions. Currently,
native habitats comprise approximately 39% of the CHU, with non-
native constituting the remaining 6^% (Table 4.0-11). Native habitats
primarily include upland vegetation consisting of coastal sage and
chaparral scrubs, and smaller areas of oak woodlands, native grass-
lands, riparian forests/woodlands, riparian scrubs, marsh/wetlands,
and open water areas; non-native habitats include non-native grass-
land and disturbed, agricultural, and developed areas (Figure 4.0-13).
Coastal sage and chaparral
scrubs predominantly include
low-growing (3-8 foot tall) native
vegetation that once covered
most of the uplands in the re-
gion. Coastal sage includes
some sensitive sub-types such as
Southern Coastal Bluff Scrub
that is restricted to the immedi-
ate vicinity ofthe beaches and la-
goons; as well as Diegan Coastal
Sage Scrub that is the once com-
mon, but now severely declining
semi-deciduous scrub found
throughout the CHU. Chaparral
% of CHU
Developed Areas 64,500 43%
Coastal Sage and Chaparral Scrubs 35,500 27%
Agricultural Area 15,800 6%
Grasslands 6,700 4%
Non-Native / Disturbed Areas 5,900 4%
OakWoodlands 2,800 2%
Open Water Areas 1,600 2%
Riparian Forests and Woodlands 1,400 1%
Riparian Scrubs 1,200 1%
Marsh / Wetland Areas 750 <;l%
Table 4.0-11: Percent coverage of generalized vegetation communities
within the Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit (SANDAG 1995Vegetation,
KTU-hA 2001)
is an evergreen shrub cover usually dominated by Chamise and a few
common woody species. When the other woody components domi-
nate, this vegetation is usually mapped as Southern Mixed Chaparral.
Southern Maritime Chaparral is a sensitive sub-type that is restricted
to coastal locations and usually includes uncommon shrubs, such as
Coast White Lilac, Del Mar Manzanita, and Nuttall's Scrub Oak as sig-
nificant components.
OakWoodlands usually consist of copses or linear bands of Coast Live
Oaks; and often feature an under-story of Poison Oak. Less common in
the CHU than at many other cismontane locations in San Diego County
isthe bluish-leaved Engelmann Oak.
4-21
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Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit Overview
Grasslands are predominantly non-native in origin and occur prima-
rily on lands once heavily grazed or historically farmed and now long
fallow. Most ofthese areas of low-growing grasses occur on flatter or
mildly hilly terrain in locations that once supported sage scrub. Na-
tive grasslands are generally restricted to small tracts of habitat that
are undedain by clay substrates; they usually occur intermittently in
larger stands of sage scrub. Unlike non-native annual grasslands, the
native grasslands typically are dominated by perennial bunchgrasses.
Riparian Forests and Woodlands occupy broader and well-developed
tracts of wetland habitat; typically including a mix of taller willows
and tree species, such as Fremont Cottonwood and Western Sycamore.
The understory of riparian forests can include a wide variety of obli-
gate and facultative wetland shrubs and herbaceous plant species.
Riparian Scrubs are restricted to narrow linear bands of vegetation
growing along seasonal watercourses or the periphery of ponds and
reservoirs. Mule Fat is a dominant shrub along some creeks in the
region, while several species of willow dominate drainages that gen-
erally support wetter growing conditions.
Marsh/Wetland Areas occur in areas shallowly inundated with water year-
round, or retain a high water table for extended periods of each year.
Coastal and Valley Freshwater Marsh is a vegetation community that is
often readily characterized by the presence of cat-tails and bulrush.
Open Water is a category that includes the coastal lagoons, stock
ponds, and inland reservoirs. A few aquatic plant species and several
common algae grow in areas of standing water.
Disturbed Habitat is transitional in nature. Locations bearing this des-
ignation have often been recently mechanically cleared, and support
a very limited vegetative cover. Some locations in which the topsoil
has been removed have relatively sterile soils, and are unusually slow
to recover to a more vegetated state.
Agricultural areas consist of lands that have been historically planted
in row crops or orchards. While some of these locations are recently
fallow, they still retain evidence of significant soil disturbance and
generally support a mix of herbaceous Eurasian and American weeds
that are not native to the area. Active orchard lands in the region are
regulariy planted in citrus or avocado. Row crops include a wide vari-
ety of market vegetables, as well as annuals grown for the flower
trade.
Developed Areas include large tracts of urban lands that support resi-
dential homes and commercial development, as well as the urban
infrastructure of roads and utility corridors. Included here are sub-
stantial horticultural plantings that attract a limited number of native
birds and invertebrates.
4-23
Carlsbad Watershed Management Plan
Sensitive Species Status
Special status species are species that are listed as sensitive by one or
more or the following resource agencies or societies: United States
Fish and Wildlife Service (USFWS), California Department of Fish and
Game (CDFG), California Natural Diversity Data Base (CNDDB), and/
or the California Native Plant Society (CNPS).
Photo 4.0-8: California
Gnatcatcher
Photo 4.0-9: Least Bell's
Vireo
Photo 4.0-10:
Southwestern Willow
Flycatcher
Photo 4.0-11: California
LeastTern
Photo 4.0-12: Light-
footed Clapper Rail
Species may be considered sensitive for a variety of reasons, includ-
ing limited geographic distribution, documented or suspected popu-
lation declines, extensive habitat loss, and/or natural occurrence in
low numbers. One, or a combination of these factors, may cause a
given species to be more vulnerable to extinction in a local area or
over its entire geographic range.
There are a number of categories, depending on the significance of
the threat to the species' survival, under which a given species can be
listed as sensitive at the local, state, or federal level.The various cat-
egories for listed species are outlined in Appendix A. Listing by the
USFWS and the CDFG have regulatory authority while other listings
are generally advisory in nature and serve to monitor populations or
provide information on species that may be vulnerable to population
declines in the future.
A diversity of special status plant and animal species occur within the
Carisbad Hydrologic Unit; however, the driving force behind the major
consen/ation efforts in the region are federally listed species (Table 4.1-
12) and to a lesser extent species listed by the State of California as
endangered.
The listing ofthe California Gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica) (Photo
4.0-8) as a federal threatened species was the primary catalyst for the
passage ofthe State of California's Natural Community Conservation
Planning (NCCP) Act of 1991, which precipitated the MSCP and MHCP
in San Diego County The California Gnatcatcher is the keystone spe-
cies for the preservation ofthe coastal sage scrub ecosystem in South-
ern California and within the Carisbad Hydrologic Unit.
The Least Bell's Vireo (Wreo belli pusillus) (Photo 4.0-9) is also a listed
federal endangered species; this migratory songbird breeds in willow
dominated riparian habitats and small populations are present within
the Carisbad Hydrologic Unit.
The federally listed endangered Southwestern Willow Flycatcher
(Empidonax traillii extimus) (Photo 4.0-10) also occurs in riparian habi-
tats in the Carisbad Hydrologic Unit, but only as a sparse migrant.
This bird was formeriy wide spread in the region but is not currently
known to breed in the area.
Several listed species that are associated with estuarine habitats are
known to use the lagoons and adjacent salt marshes and/or mudflats
within the Carisbad Hydrologic Unit. Notable species include the fed-
Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit Overview
Definitions of Sensitive Species Status within the Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit
The following abbreviations are used throughout the tables:
Federally Listed and Candidate Species
FE Federally listed as Endangered under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. Taxa that are in danger of
becoming extinct throughout all or a significant portion of their range.
FT Federally listed asThreatened under the Endangered Species Act of 1973. Taxa which are likely to become
Endangered in the foreseeable future in the absence of special protection.
FSC Federal Special Concern Species (former Category 2 candidates included here). Existing information on
these species suggests listing may be warranted, but substantial biological information to support a pro-
posed rule is lacking.
California Listed and Candidate Species
SE State-listed as Endangered, a native species or subspecies in serious danger of becoming extinct throughout
all or a significant portion of its range (CDFG Code §2062).
ST State-listed asThreatened, a native species or subspecies that is likely to become an endangered species in
the foreseeable future in the absence of special protection and management efforts.
CSC CDFG California Special Concern Species, a designation given to vertebrate species for which sufficient
information exists that warrants concern over the species status and may warrant future listing as threat-
ened or endangered. Protective status falls under State Government Code 66474.
FPS California Fully Protected Species are those native species or subspecies that have additional protections
afforded to them beyond those imposed by their Endangered orThreaten status. These additiona protections
include:They may not be captured or possessed at any time; Permits must be issued for their collection to
further necessary scientific research, or to relocate the specimen.
SA Califomia Special Animals:These are species that fall into one or more of the following categories:
• Officially listed or proposed for listing under the State and/or Federal Endangered Species Acts
• State or Federal candidate for possible listing
•Taxa which meet the criteria for listing, even if not currently included on any list, as described in Section
15380 of the CEQA Guidelines
•Taxa considered by the Department to be a Species of Special Concern
•Taxa that are biologically rare, very restricted in distribution, declining throughout their range, or have
a critical, vulnerable stage in their life cycle that warrants monitoring.
• Populations in California that may be on the periphery of a taxon's range, but are threatened with
extirpation within California
•Taxa closely associated with a habitat that is declining in California at an alarming rate .
•Taxa designated as a special status, sensitive, or declining species by other state or federal agencies, or
non-governmental organization
CNPS Lists
List 1B: Plants rare, threatened, or endangered in California or elsewhere
Potential for Occurrence:
P = Present, H = High, M = Moderate, L = Low, A = Absent*
'Species //sted as absent are almost certainly extirpated from or did not historically occur within the Carlsbad
Watershed Unit. However, they are addressed in the Multiple Habitat Conservation Program (MSCP).
erally listed endangered California LeastTern (Sterna atillarum browni)
(Photo 4.0-11) and Light-footed Clapper Rail (Rallus longirostris levipes)
(Photo 4.0-12).The state listed endangered Belding's Savannah Sparrow
(Passerculus sandwichensis beldingi) (Photo 4.0-13) is also a characteris-
tic species of salt marshes around several ofthe lagoons.
Photo by- .
BradSiJlasen
Two additional aquatic species, the federally endangeredTidewater Goby
(Eucyclogobiius newberryi), and the Southwestern PondTurtle (Clemmys
marmorta pallida) a California species of specieal concern may also occur Photo 4.0-13: Belding's
within the Carisbad Hydrologic Unit. Agua Hedionda Lagoon has been Savannah Sparrow
A-25
arlsbad Watershed Management Plan
Sciertitbt'hr.-e
herJeral
Stbtis
LSI It-rnn
•Stafjs CNPS MHCP
F5tfttislf-5r
Occjrtenci
' E3TU<3f:I^^E SFeCIES
itf/i^ttar by FE None
M
il ffo rnia Drown P<:lic5in FE Se/FPS .. Co'vered
P
TFsrican Peregrin*
|.:3in F»h» p£x^.'xtvsa&&tjm FE SG/FPS .. Covtred
W
jht^^otd CbpF-ir feil FE SC/FPS .. Covered
H
c^fft Snowy Plover FT CSC .. Os'kered
H
ll rfo rnia L±itrtTern FE C£/FP3 " Covered
H
1 RIPJIRW.MSFECES
in Diego BottonCefcr/ FE SE 19 Covered P
treading h^bvarretia FT None IB Covered P
ilHbrnia OpujttGrasc FE SE ID Co'iered P
verside Foir/Shrinrp FE None .. Covered P
in Diego feir/Shrimp IM'i is^/n/tiis FE None .. Cove nid P
ght-foofcd CfepF-t r Rail FE SE .. Covered P
juth western Wil fcp w
FE CSC Covered M
art Bull's Vireo FE Covered P
1 UPWND SFGCES
in Ditgo Thorn Mint FT SE ID Covered P
in Diigo Ambrosia FE None ID Covered L
;1 Mar Manianha FE None IB Covered P
icinitis Baccharis FT SE ID Covered P
ireipd-ii-avid Brodiaea FT SE IB Covered P
rcutt's S pi r>if lovtt r FE SE IB Covered P
an Diiqo E»Jttr> n Ce l;r/
Eryrt^hm'tf'aiL/iiAJrrtsjp
FE SE ID H'Tt cove red P
rrierican Peregrine
hlosn FE SE .. Covered H
oirrtal Oalifo rn 'o
FT CEC .-Covered P
tephens' Kangaroo Rat Dip^y^nt^ siepS^As'i FE SA.SE -Covered A
ible 4.0-12: Federally listed sensitive species and their potential for occurrence within the Carlsbad
ydrologic Unit.
Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit Overview
Photo 4.0-14:Tidewater
Goby
identified as critical habitat forTidewater Goby (Photo 4.0-14) and the
Southwestern PondTurtle (Photo 4.0-15) has been reported to occur
along the lower reached of Buena Vista Creek.
A number of other special status species have been documented to
occur within the Carlsbad Hydrologic Unit or have the potential to
occur within the area (Appendix A). Some of the species listed in Ap-
pendix A have almost certainly been extirpated from the Carlsbad Hy-
drologic Unit or may never have historically occurred there. Examples
include the federal listed threatened California Red-legged Frog (Rana
aurora draytonii) (Photo 4.0-16) and the Arroyo Southwestern Toad
(Bufo californicus) (Photo 4.0-17).These species are listed in Appen-
dix A because they are addressed in the MHCP
Sedimentation Issues in the CHU
Many of the creeks that feed into the lakes and lagoons within the
Carisbad Hydrologic Unit have been partially channelized, redirected,
or made subterranean. These modifications to the natural stream
channel have reduced the streams effectiveness in capturing sediment
and nutrients within riparian and wetland vegetation, as well as, in
debris jams. As a result, the lower sections of most ofthe streams are
having sedimentation problems.The trapped sediment may also act
as a breeding ground for bacteria, thus when the sediments are freed
by storm flows and make their way to the lagoons and Pacific Ocean,
they cause those receiving waters to exceed the water quality criteria
for bacteria, resulting in the temporary closure of the area to contact
recreational uses. Bacteria issues have become frequent enough at
some locations that contact recreational uses are not recommended
at any time.The issue is exacerbated by the fact that most of the la-
goons are experiencing sedimentation at their mouths, caused by mi-
grating beach sands accumulating as shown in Photo 4.0-18 at
Batiquitos Lagoon. Three of the
four lagoons located within the
Carisbad Hydrologic Unit have
had to undergo extensive dredg-
ing over the past several years
at a cost of hundreds of millions
of dollars to try and remove
these sand shoals and restore
tidal flushing to the lagoon sys-
tems. If these efforts are not
maintained, then the lagoon
mouths will close and the sys-
tem will begin to revert to a
brackish and freshwater system,
resulting in more sediments be-
ing trapped, higher BOD, and
more frequent algal blooms, fish
kills, and long-term eutrophica-
tion.
^oioby
Photo 4.0-15:
Southwestern Pond
Turtle
Photo 4.0-16:
California Red-
legged Frog
Photo 4.0-17: Arroyo
Southwestern Toad
Photo 4.0-18: Sand shoal at mouth
of Batiquitos Lagoon
A-27
Carlsbad Watershed Management Plan
In January 1997, the
RWQCB added Buena
Vista, Agua Hedionda
and San Elijo lagoons
to the State 303(d) list
of impaired waters.
Common water quality
problems include
coliform bacteria,
excess sedimentation
and eutrophication.
Pollution Issues in the CHU
The beaches and lagoons provide a wide variety of recreational activi-
ties including swimming, surfing, scuba diving, boating and fishing,
both to residents in San Diego County and to tourists visiting the re-
gion from around the worid. Storm and non-storm water pollution
can threaten the health and safety of those who use these bodies of
water, especially after storm events. According to a recent study done
by the Southern California Coastal Water Research Project, the coastal
waters of Northern San Diego County have been found to be unfit for
human contact during and immediately after major rainstorms.The
build up of bacteria prior to a storm event results in part from sedi-
ment build up within the lagoons that prohibits the proper flushing of
the water as described above.
These higher bacteria levels adversely affect many of the water bod-
ies within the Carisbad Hydrologic Unit and pose a serious health risk
to the community. An informal survey conducted by the San Diego
County Department of Environmental Health found that in a 28 month
period (August 1997-December 1999), 242 surfers and swimmers re-
ported getting sick after going in the water at beaches in San Diego
County.The most common illnesses were ear infections, respiratory
and sinus ailments.
In January 1997, the RWQCB added Buena Vista, Agua Hedionda and
San Elijo lagoons, all within the Carisbad Hydrologic Unit, to the State
303(d) list of impaired waters. Common water quality problems in-
clude coliform bacteria, excess sedimentation and eutrophication.
Sources of pollutant contamination can be traced back to various
sources. However, several stand out as major contributors and are
the focus of other pollutant reduction efforts: agriculture and construc-
tion activities. In addition to these two, urban non-stormwater related
urban runoff also ranks high for its likely contributions to bacterial
contamination from pet wastes and nutrient loading from excessive
fertilizer usage.
Toxic pollutants may be numerous and can harm human health and
the environment even when present in minute amounts. Most lab
analyses of water column and sediment samples that have been taken
to date have not used detection levels low enough to detect these
"minute amounts'.'There has not been an effort to determine the syn-
ergistic effects on aquatic and terrestrial species from simultaneous
short-term or long-term exposure to multiple contaminants.There is
ample evidence that these contaminants cause endocrine disruption
damaging hormonal systems and compromise the immune system.
These more difficult to detect toxic pollutants may not have been de-
tected in the individual watersheds thereby avoiding an impairment
status.This lack of detection does not mean that the waters are not
impaired, just that they have been unable to be detected. Other toxic
chemicals, chemical pesticides, fertilizers, herbicides as well as con-
taminants from vehicles are likely to be affecting the lagoon resources
but not at a detectable levels that warrant an impairment rating.
4-28
ATTACHMENT "D"
Best Management Practices
Site Design & Landscape Planning SP-10
Design Objectives
0 Maximce Infiltralion
0 Provide Relenlion
0 Slow Runoff
PJ Minimize Imper/ious Land
Coverage
Prohibil Dumping of Improper
Materials
Conlain Pollutants
Collect and Convey
Description
Each prqject site possesses unique topographic, hydrologic, and vegetative features, some of
which are more smtable for development than others. Integrating and incorporating
appropriate landscape planning methodologies into the project design is the most effective
action tliat can be done to minimize surface and groundwater contamination from stormwater.
Approach
Landscape planning should couple consideration of land suitabilitj' for urban uses with
consideration of communitv- goals and proj ected growth. Project plan designs should conserve
natural areas to the extent possible, maximize natural water storage and infiltration
opportunities, and protect slopes and channels.
Suitable Applications
Appropriate applications include residential, commercial and industrial areas planned for
development or redevelopment.
Design Considerations
Design requirements for site design and landscapes planning
should coiiform to applicable standards and specifications of
agencies with jurisdiction and be consistent with applicable
General Plan and Local Area Plan policies.
i..MJ-^.>«-M\V;t.:K.M'..V
Jai'luary 2003 Csliro-nia Stormwater BMP Handbook
rJew De.-elopment end Redevelopment
. .-=hrnr,l-.a.-irll-ii-<-il,g rnm
1 Of4
SP-10 Site Design & Landscape Planning
Designing New Installations
Begin the development of a plan for the landscape unit with attention to the follo\\ing general
principles:
• Formulate the plan on the basis of clearly articulated community goals. Carefully identify
conflicts and choices between retaining and protecting desired resources and community
growth.
• Map and assess land suitability for urban uses. Include the following landscape features in
the assessment: wooded land,' open unwooded land, steep slopes, erosion-prone soils,
foundation suitability, soU suitability for waste disposal, aquifers, aquifer recharge areas,
wetlands, floodplains, surface waters, agriculturallands, and various categories of urban
land use. When appropriate, the assessment can highlight outstanding local or regional
resources that the community^ determines should be protected (e.g., a scenic area,
recreational area, threatened'species habitat, farmland, fish run). Mapping and assessment
should recogmze not only these resources but also additional areas needed for their
sustenance.
Project plan designs should conser\-e natural areas to the extent possible, maximize natural
water storage and infiltration opportunities, and protect slopes and channels.
Conserve Natural Areas during Landscape Planning
If applicable, the following items are required and must be implemented in the site layout
during the subdivision design and approval process, consistent with applicable General Plan and
Local Area Plan policies:
• Cluster development on least-sensitive portions of a site while leaving the remaining land in
a natural imdisturbed condition.
• Limit clearing and grading of native vegetation at a site to the minimum amount needed to
build lots, allow access, and provide fire protection.
• Maximize trees and other vegetation at each site by planting additional vegetation, clustering
tree areas, and promoting the use of native and/or drought tolerant plants.
• Promote natural vegetation by using parking lot islands and other landscaped areas.
• Preserve riparian areas and wetlands.
Maximize Natural Water Storage and Infiltration Opportunities Within the Landscape Unit
•> Promote the conseivation of forest cover. Building on land that is akeady deforested affects
b asin hydrology to a lesser extent than converting forested land. Loss of forest cover reduces
interception storage, detention in the organic forest floor layer, and water losses by
evapoti-anspiration, resulting in large peak runoff increases and either their negative effects
or fhe expense of countering them with sti-uctural solutions.
B Maintain natural storage resen-oirs and drainage corridors, including depressions, areas of
permeable soils, swales, and intermittent streams. Develop and implement policies and
2 of 4 California Stormwater BMP Handbook January 2003
Mew Development and Redevelopment
rahmnhar.Hhnnk^.CQm
Site Design & Landscape Planning SD-10
regulations to discourage the clearing, filling, and channeHzation of these featiires. UtiHze
them in drainage netvs-orks in preference to pipes, culverts, and engineered ditches.
• Evaluating infilti-ation opportunities by referring to the stormwater management manual for
the jurisdiction and pay particular attention to the selection criteria for avoiding
groundwater contamination, poor soils, and hydrogeological conditions that cause these
facilities to fail. If necessary, locate developments with large amounts of impervious
surfaces or a potential to produce relatively contaminated runoff away firom groundwater
recharge areas.
Protection of Slopes and Channeb during Landscape Design
m Convey runoff safely firom the tops of slopes.
• Avoid disturbing steep or unstable slopes.
• Avoid disturbing natural channels.
• Stabilize disturbed slopes as quickly as possible.
• Vegetate slopes with native or drought tolerant vegetation.
. Conti-ol and ti-eat flows in landscaping and/or otiier controls prior to reaching existing
natural drainage systems.
. Stabilize temporary and permanent channel crossings as quickly as possible, and ensure that
increases in run-off velocity and fi-equency caused by the project do not erode the channel.
. Install energv dissipaters, such as riprap, at the outiets of new storm drains, culverts,
conduits or channels that enter unHned channels in accordance with appHcable
specifications to minimize erosion. Energy dissipaters shall be installedm such a way as to
minimize impacts to receiving waters.
. Line on-site conveyance channels where appropriate, to reduce erosion caused by increased
flow veiodty due to increases in tributary impervious area. The first choice for linings
should be grass or some other vegetative surface, since tiiese materials not only reduce
runoff velocities, but also provide water quality benefits from filti-ation and infiltiration. If
velocities in tiie channel are high enough to erode grass or otiier vegetative Hnmgs, nprap,
concrete, soil cement, or geo-grid stabihzation are other alternatives.
. Consider otiier design principles that are comparable and equaUy effective.
Redeveloping Existing InstaUations
Various iurisdictional stormwater management and mitigation plans (SUSMP, WQMP, etc.)
define "redevelopment" in terms of amounts of additional impervious area, mcreases m gross
floor area and/or exterior constinction, and land distm-bing activities with sti-uctural or
impervious smfaces. The definition of" redevelopment" must be consulted to determme
whether or not tiie requirements for new development apply to areas mtended for .
redevelopment. If tiie definition appHes, the steps outiined under "desigmng new instaHations
above should be followed.
'l^uarv 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 4 ^ New Development and Redevelopment
^1 w._.»^K,-I-
SD-10 Site Design & Landscape Planning
Redevelopment may present significant opportunit>- to add featiires which had not previously
been implemented. Examples include incorporation of depressions, areas of permeable soils,
and swales in newly redeveloped areas. While some site constraints may exist due to tiie statiis
of ah-eady existing infi-astinctiire, opportunities should not be missed to maximize mfilti-ation,
slow run'off, reduce impervious areas, discomiect directiy connected impervious areas.
Other Resources
A Manual for tiie Standard Urban Stormwater Mitigation Plan (SUSMP), Los Angeles County
Department of PubHc Works, May 2002.
Stormwater Management Manual for Westem Washington, Washington State Departinent of
Ecology, August 2001.
Model Standard Urban StormWater Mitigation Plan (SUSMP) for San Diego County, Port of
San Diego, and Cities in San Diego County, February 14,2002.
Model Water QuaHty Management Plan (WQMP) for County of Orange, Orange County Flood
Control Distiict, andthe Incorporated Cities of Orange County, Draft: February 2003.
Ventiira County^-ide Technical Guidance Manual for Stormwater Quality Conti-ol Measures,
Jiily2002.
Trash Storage Areas SD-32
Description
Trash storage areas are areas where a trash receptacle (s) are
located for use as a repository for soHd wastes. Stormwater
runoff from areas where trash is stored or disposed of can be
poUuted. In addition, loose tirash and debris can be easUy
transported by water or wind into nearby storm drain inlets,
channels, and/or creeks. Waste handling operations that may be
sources of stormwater poUution include dumpsters, Hoier conti-ol,
and waste piles.
Approach
This fact sheet contains details onthe specific measures required
to prevent or reduce poUutants in stormwater runoff associated
with trash storage and handHng. Preventative measures
including enclosures, containment sti-uctures, and impervious
pavements to mitigate spiUs, should be used to reduce tiie
likelihood of contamination.
Design Objectives
Maximize Infiltration
Provide Retention
Slow Runoff
Minimize Impervious Land
Coverage
Prohibit Dumping of Improper
Materials
0 Contain Pollutants
Collect and Convey
Suitable Applications
Appropriate appUcations include residential, commercial and industiial areas planned for
dev elopment or redevelopment. (Detached residential single-famUy homes are typically
excluded from this requirement.)
Design Considerations
Design requirements for waste handling areas are governed by BuUding and Fire Codes and by
current local agency ordinances and zoning requirements. The design cntena descnbedm this
fact sheet are meant to enhance and be consistent with these code and ordinance reqmrements.
Hazardous waste should be handled in accordance with legal reqmrements estabhshed m Titie
22, California Code of Regulation.
Wastes from commercial andindustiial sites are typicaUy hauled by eitiier pubHc or commercial
earners tiiat may have design or access requirements for waste storage areas. The desigi
criteria in tiiis fact sheet are recommendations and are not intended to be m conflict with
requirements estabhshed by tiie waste hauler. The waste hauler should be contacted pnor to tiie
design of your site ti-ash coUection areas. Conflicts or issues should be discussed witii the local
agency.
Designing Neiv InstaUations
Trash storage areas should be designed to consider tiie following stinctiiral or ti-eatment conti-ol
BMPs:
m D esign trash container areas so tiiat drainage from adj oining
roofs and pavement is diverted around the area(s) to avoid
nm-on. This might include berming or grading tiie waste
handHng ai-ea to prevent run-on of stormwater.
• Make sure ti-ash container areas are screened or waUed to
prevent off-site ti-ansport of trash.
January 2003 Caiifornia Stormwater BMP Handbook
New Development and Predevelopment
w w w. cabmphandbooks. com
SD-32 Trash Storage Areas
• Use lined bins or dumpsters to reduce leaking of Hquid waste.
• Provide roofs, awnings, or attached Hds on all trash containers to minimize direct
precipitation and prevent rainfall from entering containers.
• P ave trash storage areas with an impervious surface to mitigate spUls.
• D 0 not locate storm drains in immediate \icinity of the trash storage area.
• Post signs on aU dumpsters informing users that hazardous materials are not to be disposed
of therein.
Redeveloping Existing InstaUations
Variousjurisdictional stormwater management and mitigation plans (SUSMP, WQMP, etc.)
define "redevelopment" in terms of amounts of additional impervious area, increases in gross
floor area and/or exterior constiruction, and land disturbing activities witii stinctiiral or
impervious surfaces. The definition of" redevelopment" must be consulted to determine
whetitier or not tihe requirements for new development apply to areas intended for
redevelopment. If tiie definition appHes, tiie steps outiined under "designing new instaUations"
above should be foUowed.
Additiona] Information
Mamtenance Considerations
The integrity of stnictin-al elements tiiat are subject to damage (i.e., screens, covers, and signs)
must be maintained by the owner/operator. Maintenance agreements beti^'een the local agency
and tiie owner/operator may be reqmred. Some agencies wUl require maintenance deed
restiictions to be recorded oftiie property titie. If required by tiie local agency, mamtenance
agreements or deed restrictions must be executed by the owner/operator before improvement
plans are approved.
Other Resources
A Manual for the Standard Urban Stormwater Mitigation Plan (SUSMP), Los Angeles County
Department of Public Works, May 2002.
Model Stimdard Urban Storm Water Mitigation Plan (SUSMP) for San Diego County, Port of
San Diego, and Cities in San Diego County, Februaiy 14, 2002.
Model Water QuaHtv Management Plan (WQMP) for County of Orange, Orange Couniy Flood
Conti-ol Disbict, andthe Incorporated Cities of Orange County, Draft: Februaiy 2003.
Ventura Coimtywide Technical Guidance Manual for Stormwater Qualit}^ Control Measmes,
July 2002.
'2 QP 2 California Stormwater BMP Handbook January 2003
New Development and Redevelopment
www. cabmphandbooks. com
Vegetated Buffer Strip TC-31
Design Considerations
• Tributary Area
• Slope
• Water Availability
• Aesthetes
Description
Grassed buffer ships (vegetated filter strips, filter strips, and
grassed filters) are vegetated surfaces that are designed to treat
sheet flow from adj acent smfaces. Filter strips function by
slovsing runoff velocities and aUo\\ing sediment and other
poUutants to settie and by providing some infUtration into
imderhing soUs. Filter strips were originaUy used as an
agricultural ti-eatment practice and have more recentiy evolved
into an urban practice. With proper design and maintenance,
fUter strips can provide relatively high pollutant removal. In
addition, the pubHc views them as landscaped amenities and not
as stormwater infrastructm-e. Consequentiy, there is Uttie
resistance to their use.
California Experience
Caltrans consti-ucted and monitored tiiree vegetated buffer strips
in southem CaHfomia and is currentiy evaluating tiieir
performance at eight additional sites statewide. These strips were
generaUy effective in reducing the volume and mass of pollutants
in i-unoff. Even in the areas where tiie annual rainfall was only
about lo inches/yr, the vegetation did not require additional
irrigation. One factor that sti-ongly affected performance was the
presence of large numbers of gophers at most of the southern
CaHfornia sites. The gophers created eai-then momids, destroyed
vegetation, and generally reduced the eft'ectiveness of the
conti'ols for TSS reduction.
Advantages
B Buffers require minimal maintenance activit>' (generally just
erosion prevention and mowing),
n If properiy designed, vegetated, and operated, buffer strips can
provide reliable"water quaiity benefits Hi conjmiction with
higli aesthetic appeal.
Targeted Constituents
0 Sediment
0 Nutrients
0 Trash
0 Metals
0 Bacteria
0 Ql and Grease
0 Organics
Legend (Rsmoval Effectiveness)
• Low • High
A Medium
Jariuary 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook
New De.'eiooment arid Redevelopment
1 ofe
TC-31 Vegetated Buffer Strip
• Flow characteristics and vegetation type and density can be closely controUed to maximize
BMP effectiveness.
• Roadside shoulders act as effective buffer stiips when slope and length meet criteria
described below.
Limitations
• M ay not be appropriate for industrial sites or locations where spUls may occur.
• Buffer strips cannot treat a very large drainage area.
• A tiiick vegetative cover is needed for these practices to function properly.
• Buffer or vegetative filter length must b e adequate and flow characteristics acceptable or
water quality performance can be severely Hmited.
• Vegetative buffers may not provide treatment for dissolved constituents except to the extent
that flows across the vegetated surface are infUtrated into the soil profUe.
• This technology does not provide significant attenuation of the Hicreased volume and flow-
rate of runoff during intense rain events.
Design and Sizing Guidelines
• Maximum length (in the direction of flow towards the buffer) of tiie tributary area should be
60 feet.
• Slopes should not exceed 15%.
• Minimum length (in direction of flow) is 15 feet.
• Width should b e the same as fhe tributary area.
> Eitiber grass or a diverse selection of other low growing, drought tolerant, native vegetation
should be specified. Vegetation whose growuig season corresponds to the wet season is
preferred.
Construction/Inspection Considerations
n Include directions in the specifications for use of appropriate fertUizer and soU amendments
based on soil properties determined through testing and compared to tiie needs ofthe
vegetation requirements.
• InstaU strips at the time of the year when there is a reasonable chance of successful
estabUshment without irrigation; however, it is recognized tibat rainfaU m a given yeai- may
not be sufficient and temporary inigation may be required.
B If sod tiles must be used, they should be placed so that tiiere are no gaps between tiie tiles;
stagger the ends of the tiles to prevent tiie formation of channels along tiie stiip.
a Use a roUer on the sod to ensure fhat no air pockets form between tiie sod and the soil.
2 of 8 Califomia Stormwater BMP Handbook January 2003
New Development and Redevelopment
www, c^mphandbooks, com
Vegetated Buffer Strip TC-31
• Where seeds are used, erosion controls wiU be necessary to protect seeds for at least 75 days
after fhe first rainfall of the season.
Performance
Vegetated buffer strips tend to provide somewhat better treatment of stormwater runoff than
swales and have fewer tendencies for channeHzation or erosion. Table 1 documents fhe poUutant
removal observed in a recent study by Caltrans (2002) based on tiiree sites in soutiiem
CaHfornia. The column labeled "Significance" is tiie probabUity tiiat tiie mean influent and
effluent EMCs are not significantiy different based on an analy-sis of variance.
The removal of sediment and dissolved metals was comparable to that observed in much more
complex conti-ols. Reduction in mtrogen was not significant and all oftiie sites exported
phosphoms for the entire stiidy period. This may have been tiie result of using salt grass, a warm
weather species that is dormant during tiie wet season, and which leaches phosphorus when
dormant.
Anotiber Calti-ans stiidy (unpublished) of vegetated highway shoulders as buffer stiips also found
substantial reductions'often witiiin a very short distance of tiie edge of pavement. Figure 1
presents a box and whisker plot of tiie concenti-ations of TSS in highway runoff after travelmg
various distances (shown in meters) through a vegetated filter stirip witii a slope of about 10%.
One can see that the TSS median concentration reaches an irreducible ininimum concentration
of about 20 mg/L witiiin 5 meters of the pavement edge.
Table 1 Pollutant Reduction in a Vegetated Buffer Strip
Mean EMC
Removal Significance
Constituent Influent Effluent % P
(mg/L)
TSS 119 31 74 <0.000
NO3-N 0.67 0.58 13 0.367
TKN-N 2.50 2.10 16 0.542
Total 317 2.68 15 -
Dissolved P 0.15 0.46 -206 0.047
Total P 0.42 0.62 -52 0,035
Total Cu 0.058 0.009 84 <0.000
Total Pb 0.046 0.006 88 <0.000
Total Zn 0.245 0.055 78 <0.000
Dissolved Cu 0.029 0.007 77 0.004
Dissolved Pb 0.004 0.002 66 0.006
Dissolved Zn 0.099 0.035 65 <0.000
January 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook
New Development and P^edevelopmerit
v/ww. cabmphandbooks.com
3 of 8
TC-31 Vegetated Buffer Strip
FUter strips also exhibit good removal of Htter and other floatables because the water depth in
these systems is weU below fhe vegetation height and consequentiy these materials are not easUy
transported through them. Unfortunately Httie attenuation of peak runoff rates and volumes
(particularly for larger events) is normally observed, depending on the soil properties. Therefore
it may be pmdent to foUow the strips with another practice than can reduce flooding and
chaimel erosion downstream.
Siting Criteria
The use of buffer stiips is Hmited to gentiy slopHig areas where the vegetative cover is robust and
diffuse, and where shaUow flow characteristics are possible. The practical water quahty benefits
can be effectively eliminated wifh the occuirence of significant erosion or when flow
concentration occurs across the vegetated surface. Slopes should not exceed 15 percent or be less
than 1 percent. The vegetative surface should extend across the fuU widtii of the area being
drained. The upstream boundary of the filter should be located contiguous to the developed
area. Use of a level spreaduig device (vegetated berm, sawtooth concrete bordei-, rock trench,
etc) to facUitate overland sheet flow is not normaUy recommended because of maintenance
considerations and the potential for standing water.
FUter strips are appHcable in most regions, but are restricted in some situations because they
consume a large amount of space relative to other practices. FUter strips are best suited to
treating runoff from roads and highways, roof downspouts, small parking lots, and pervious
smfaces. They are also ideal components of the "outer zone" of a stream buffer or as
pretreatment to a stiuctural practice. In arid areas, however, fhe cost of irrigating tiie grass on
the practice wiU most likely outweigh its wiater quality benefits, although aesthetic
considerations may be sufficient to overcome this constraint, FUter strips are generaUy
impractical in ultra-urban areas where Httie pervious surface exists.
Some cold water species, such as trout, are sensitive to changes m temperature. WhUe some
treatment practices, such as wet ponds, can warm stormwater substantially, filter strips do not
4 of 8 California Stormwater BMP Handbook
New Development and Redevelopment
iinAtw..rahmnhanrlhnnUc rnm
January 2003
Vegetated Buffer Strip TC-31
are not expected to increase stormwater temperatures. Thus, these practices are good for
protection of cold-water streams,
FUter strips should be separated from the ground water by between 2 and 4 ft to prevent
contamination and to ensure that the filter strip does not remain w^et between storms.
Additional Design Guidelines
FUter strips appear to be a minimal design practice because they are basicaUy no more than a
grassed slope. In general the slope of the strip should not exceed I5fc% and tlie strip should be
at least 15 feet long to provide water quaHty treatment Both the top and toe of the slope should
be as flat as possible to encomage sheet flow and prevent erosion. The top of tihe strip should be
instaUed 2-5 inches below the adjacent pavement, so that vegetation and sediment accumulation
atthe edge of the strip does not prevent runoff from entering.
A major question tiiat remains unresolved is how large the drainage area to a strip can be.
Research has conclusively demonstrated that these are effective on roadside shoulders, where
the contributing area is alDout twice tibe buffer area. They have also been instaUed on the
perimeter of large parkmg lots where tiiey performed fairly effectively; however much lower
slopes may be needed to provide adequate water quaHty treatment
The filter area should be densely vegetated with a mix of erosion-resistant plant species fhat
effectively bind the soil. Native or adapted grasses, shmbs, and trees are preferred because they
generaUy require less fertiUzer and are more drought resistant than exotic plants. Runoff flow
velocities should not exceed about 1 fps across the vegetated surface.
For engineered vegetative strips, the faciHty surface should be graded flat prior to placement of
vegetation. Initial estabUshment of vegetation requires attentive care including appropriate
w^atering, fertiUzation, and prevention of excessive flow across the facUity until vegetation
completely covers the area and is well established. Use of a permanent irrigation system may
help provide maximal water quality performance.
In cold climates, fUter strips provide a convenient area for snow storage and treatment. If used
for fhis pmpose, vegetation in the filter stiip should be salt-tolerant (e.g., creeping bentgrass),
and a maintenance schediUe should include the removal of sand buUt up at the bottom of the
slope. In arid or semi-arid cUmates, designers shoiUd specify drought-tolerant grasses to
minimize irrigation requirements.
Maintenance
FUter strips require mainly vegetation management; therefore littie special traming is needed
for maintenance crews. Typical maintenance activities and frequencies include:
• Inspect stiips at least twice annually for erosion or damage to vegetation, preferably at the
end ofthe w-et season to schedule summer maintenance and before major faU run-off to be
sm-e the strip is ready for winter. However, additional inspection after periods of heavy run-
off is most desirable." The ship should be checked for debris and HOier and ai-eas of sediment
accumulation.
Recent research on biofiltration swales, but Ukely appHcable to stiips (Colwell et al,, 2000),
indicates that grass height and mowing frequency have Httie impact on poUutant removal; • January 2003 Califomia Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 8
New Development and Redevelopment
www, c ebmphandbooks.com
TC-31 Vegetated Buffer Strip
consequentiy, mowing may only be necessary once or twice a year for safetj' and aesthetics
or to suppress weeds and woody vegetation.
• Trash tends to accumiUate in strip areas, particularly along highways. The need for litter
removal should be determined through periodic inspection but Htter should always be
removed prior to mowing.
• Regularly inspect vegetated buffer stiips for pools of standing water. Vegetated buffer strips
can beco'me a nuisance due to mosquito breeding in level spreaders (unless designed to
dewater completely in 48-72 hours), in pools of standing water if obstiructions develop (e.g.
debris accumulation, invasive vegetation), and/or if proper drainage slopes are not
implemented and maintained.
Cost
Construction Cost
Littie data is avaUable on tiie actiial constinction costs of fUter stiips. One rough estimate can be
the cost of seed or sod, which is approximately 30* per ft^ for seed or 70^ per ft^ for sod. This
amounts to between $13,000 and $30,000 per acre of filter strip. This cost is relatively high
compared wifh other treatment practices. However, fhe grassed area used as a filter stiip may
have been seeded or sodded even if it were not used for treatment. In these cases, the only
additional cost is the design. T>'pical maintenance costs are about $350/acre/year (adapted
from SWRPC, 1991). This cost is relatively inexpensive and, again, might overiap with regular
landscape maintenance costs.
The tme cost of filter strips is tiie land tiiey consume. In some sitiiations tiiis landis avaUable as
wasted space beyond back yards or adjacent to roadsides, but this practice is cost-prohibitive
when land prices are high and land could be used for other puiposes.
Maintenance Cost
Maintenance of vegetated buffer stiips consists mainly of vegetation management (mowing,
inigation if needed, weeding) and Htter removal. Consequentiy the costs are quite variable
depending on the frequency of these activities and the local labor rate.
References and Sources of Additional Information
Caltrans, 2002, BMP Reti-ofit Pflot Program Proposed Final Report, Rpt. CTSW-RT-01-050,
Califomia Dept. of Transportation, Sacramento, CA
Center for Watershed Protection (CWP). 1996. Design of Stormwater Filtering Systems.
Prepared for Chesapeake Research Consortium, Solomons, MD, and EPA Region V, Chicago, IL.
Desboneti:e, A, P. Pogue, V. Lee, and N. Wolff. 1994- Vegetated Buffers in the Coastal Zone: A
Summary Review and Bibliography. Coastal Resources Center. University oj Rhode Island,
Kingston, RI.
Mageti:e, W., R. Brinsfield, R. Palmer and J. Wood, 1989. Nutiient and Sediment Removal by
Vegetiited Filter Stiips. Transactions of the American Society of Agricultiiral Engineers 32(2):
663-667.
g of 6 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Janua-y 2003
New Development and Redevelopment
www.cabmphandbooks.com
Vegetated Buffer Strip TC-31
Metzger, M. E., D. F. Messer, C. L. Beitia, C. M. Myers, and V. L. Kramer. 2002. The Dark Side
Of Stormwater Runoff Management: Disease Vectors Associated Witii Stiuctural BMPs.
Stormwater 3(2): 24-39.
Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission (SWRPC). 1991. Costs of Urban
Nonpoint Source Water Pollution Control Measures. Technical report no. 31. Southeastem
Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission, Waukesha, WI.
Yu, S., S. Barnes and V. Gerde. 1993. Testing of Best Management Practices for Controlling
Highway Runoff. FHWA/VA93-R16. "Virginia Transportation Research CouncU,
CharloO:esvUle, VA.
Information Resources
Center for Watershed Protection (CWP). 1997- Stormwater BMP Design Supplement for Cold
Climates. Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Office of Wetiands, Oceans and
Watersheds. Washington, DC.
Maryland Departinent of tiie Environment (MDE). 2000. Maryland Stormwater Design
Manual, http: //www.mde.state.md.us /environment/wma/stormwatermanual. Accessed May
22, 2001.
January 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 7 of 8
New Development and Redevelopment
www.cabmphandbooks.com
Spill Prevention and Control W/VI-4
Limitations » This BNl? only zppUa to spHis ccus^c by the co-;rc::or.
I • p.-ocecc:;s a.-.c practices prese.-u;d :.T this BM? are ger.e.-a!. Co.i't.-accor
shali ide.-:ir/ a^prop-rlate praccices fcr ihe specitic r.a-.erials csad or stored
on-site.
Standards and • To the e.x;*n: that i; doesn't compromiss clea.i cp ac;:vi:;es, spills sha!! b<
Specff ica tions cove.-id ar.c pro^:ected from storm water nir-op. during rair.faii.
« SpiUs shaii r.oc be bu.ied or v.-£shed Vr-'th v,'a;;r.
• Used ciii- i-p naterials, contajr.inated materials, a.id reco-.-ersd spili
material tha; is ro longer suitable for the i.ntended purpose shali be stored
z?.i disposed cfin conformance with the pro-visions in tiiese speciai
provisions.
a V/ater used for cleaning a.-d deconta-mination sinall no't be allowed to enter
storm cralr.s cr wa:ercou.-3e3 and shall be coiiected and disp-osed of in
accordance with BM? Vv*M-10, "Liquid Wa^te Mar.agiment*'. .
a Water overfio-^- or minor water spillage shall be contained and shali not be
ai!o-^-ed to discharge iinto drainage faciiities q-: watercourses.
' *
a ProKr storage, clean-up and spili reponing instruction for hazardous
materials scored or used or. the project site shall be cor.ed at a'.i times in an
open, conspicuous and accessible location.
a Yvaste storage areas shall be kept ciea.n, weli orga.nized and equipped with
ample clearr-up supplies as appropriate for the materials being stored. -
Perimeter controls, contalruTnent structures, co-/er3-a.-d liners shal! be
repaired or replaced as needed to maintain proper function.
EducsUon
n Educate ecioioyees and subcontractors on what a "significant spill" is for
each material li-iey use, and what is the appropriate resp^.nse for
'significant' and "L-isignlficant" spills.
a Educate e-x?!oyees and su'cconu acio.rs on potential dangers to h^jmans and
the en-»iroii:T.eriC fro.-n spills and leaks.
a Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce appropriate disp-:>saJ
procedures (incorporate into regular safety- meetings).
a Establish a continuing education progra-?. to indoctrir-ate r>ew employees.
Vegetated Buffer Strip TC-31
are not expected to increase stormwater temperatures. Thus, these practices are good for
protection of cold-water streams.
FUter strips should be separated from tiie ground water by between 2 and 4 ft to prevent
contamination and to ensure that the filter strip does not remain wet between storms.
Additional Design Guidelines
FUter strips appear to be a minimal design practice because they are basicaUy no more tiian a
grassed slope. In general the slope of tiie strip should not exceed I5fc% and tiie stiip should be
at least 15 feet long to provide water quaHty treatment Botii the top and toe of tiie slope should
be as flat as possible to encourage sheet flow and prevent erosion. The top ofthe stiip should be
instaUed 2-5 inches below the adjacent pavement, so that vegetation and sediment accumulation
at the edge of fhe strip does not prevent runoff from entering.
A major question that remains imresolved is how large the drainage area to a strip can be.
Research has conclusively demonstrated that tiiese are effective on roadside shoulders, where
the contiibuting area is about twice tiie buft'er area. They have also been instaUed on the
perimeter of large parking lots where tiiey performed fairly effectively; however much lower
slopes may be needed to provide adequate water quaHty treatment
The filter area should be densely vegetated witii a mix of erosion-resistant plant species that
effectively bind the soil. Native or adapted grasses, shmbs, and tirees are preferred because tiiey
generaUy require less fertiUzer and are more drought resistant than exotic plants. Runoff flow
velocities shoiUd not exceed about 1 fps across the vegetated surface.
For engineered vegetative strips, tiie faciHty surface shoiUd be graded flat prior to placement of
vegetation. Initial estabUshment of vegetation requires ati:entive care including appropriate
watering, fertiUzation, and prevention of excessive flow across the faciHty until vegetation
completely covers the area and is weU established. Use of a permanent irrigation system may
help provide maximal water quality performance.
In cold chmates, fUter strips provide a convenient area for snow storage and treatment. If used
for tius purpose, vegetiition in fhe filter ship should be salt-tolerant (e.g., creeping bentgrass),
and a maintenance schedule should include tiie removal of sand buUt up at tiie bottom of tiie
slope. In arid or semi-arid cUmates, designers should specify drought-tolerant grasses to
minimize inigation requirements.
Maintenance
FUter strips require mainly vegetation management; tiierefore littie special training is needed
for maintenance crews. Typical maintenance activities and fi-equencies include:
• Inspect stiips at least twice annuaUy for erosion or damage to vegetation, preferably at tiie
end of title wet season to schedule summer mamtenance and before major faU run-off to be
sui-e the stiip is readv for winter. However, additional inspection afirer periods of heav>' run-
off is most desirable.' The stiip should be checked for debris and Httier and ai-eas of sediment
accumulation.
« Recent research on biofilti-ation swales, but Ukely appHcable to stiips (Colwell et al., 2000),
indicates tiiat grass height and mowing frequency have Httie impact on poUutimt removal;
January 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 8
r-tew Development and Redevelopment
www, cabmphandbooks. com
TC-31 Vegetated Buffer Strip
consequentiy, mowing may only be necessary once or twice a year for safety and aesthetics
or to suppress weeds and woody vegetation.
• Trash tends to accumiUate in strip areas, particularly along highways. The need for litter
removal should be determined through periodic inspection but Htter should always be
removed prior to mowing.
• Regularly inspect vegetated buffer strips for pools of standing water. Vegetated buffer strips
can become a nuisance due to mosquito breeding in level spreaders (unless designed to
dewater completely in 48-72 hours), in pools of standing water if obstmctions develop (e.g.
debris accumulation, invasive vegetation), and/or if proper drainage slopes are not
implemented and maintained.
Cost
Construction Cost
Litfle data is avaUable on the actual constinction costs of fUter strips. One rough estimate can be
the cost of seed or sod, which is approximately 30$ per ft* for seed or 70^ per ft? for sod. This
amoimts to between $13,000 and $30,000 per acre of filter strip. This cost is relatively high
compared wifh other treatment practices. However, the grassed area used as a filter strip may
have been seeded or sodded even if it were not used for treatment. In these cases, the only
additional cost is the design. Tjpical maintenance costs are about $350/acre/year (adapted
from SWRPC, 1991). This cost is relatively mexpensive and, again, might overlap with regular
landscape maintenance costs.
The tme cost of filter strips is the land they consume. In some situations fhis landis avaUable as
wasted space beyond back yards or adjacent to roadsides, but this practice is cost-prohibitive
when land prices are high and land could be used for other purposes.
Main ten an ce Cos t
Maintenance of vegetated buffer strips consists mainly of vegetation management (mowing,
inigation if needed, weeding) and Htter removal. Consequentiy the costs are quite variable
depending on the frequency of these activities and the local labor rate.
References and Sources of Additional Information
Caltrans, 2002, BMP Retrofit PUot Program Proposed Final Report, Rpt. CTSW-RT-01-050,
California Dept of Transportation, Sacramento, CA
Center for Watershed Protection (CWP). 1996. Design of Stormwater Filtering Systems.
Prepared for Chesapeake Research Consortium, Solomons, MD, and EPA Region V, Chicago, IL.
Desboneti:e, A, P. Pogue, V. Lee, and N. WoUf. 1994. Vegetated Buffers in the Coastal Zone: A
Summary Review and Bibliography. Coastal Resources Center. University of Rhode Island,
Kingston, RI.
Magette, W., R. Brinsfield, R. Palmer and J. Wood. 1989. Nutrient and Sediment Removal by
Vegetated Filter Strips. Transactions of the American Society of Agricultural Engineers 32(2):
663-667.
6 of 8 California Stormwater BMP Handbook January 2003
New Development and Redevelopment
www, cabmphandbooks. com
Vegetated Buffer Strip TC-31
Metzger, M. E., D. F. Messer, C. L. Beitia, C. M. Myers, and V. L. Kramer. 2002. The Dark Side
Of Stormwater Runoff Management: Disease Vectors Associated With Stmctural BMPs.
Stormwater 3(2): 24-39.
Southeastem Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission (SWRPC). 1991. Costs of Urban
Nonpoint Source Water Pollution Control Measures. Technical report no. 31. Southeastem
Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission, Waukesha, WI.
Yu, S., S. Barnes and V. Gerde. 1993. Testing of Best Management Practices for Controlling
Highway Runoff. FHWA/VA 93-R16. Virginia Transportation Research CouncU,
CharlottesvUle, VA.
Information Resources
Center for Watershed Protection (CWP). 1997- Stormwater BMP Design Supplement for Cold
Climates. Prepared for U.S. Environmental Protection Agency Ofiice of Wetiands, Oceans and
Watersheds. Washington, DC.
Maryland Deparbnent of tiie Environment (MDE). 2000. Maryland Stormwater Design
Manual, http: //www.mde.state.md.us/environment/wma/stormwatermanual. Accessed May
22, 2001.
January 2003 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 7 of 8
New Development and Redevelopment
www.cabmphandbooks.com
TC-31 Vegetated Buffer Strip
Level Spreadcr
(deaigaji inchide grsvel trenches, sills, rmhwdpd cutfas. Modular poroui pttTemsBt, aad itabOlEed turf ttzip)
NotB:'KattoScik
8 ofe California Stormwater BMP Handbook
New Development and Redevelopment
v;w w, cabmphandbooks. com
January 2003
ATTACHMENT "E"
Maintenance Checklists
TABLE D-l. MINIMUM R-uired Best Management Practices
Minimum Required
Best Management Practices
(BMPs)
Caltrans
Stormwater
Handbook
Detail
BMP
Selected
I Explanation (If
j No BMP
I Selected)
St£p 1 Sele:
Ve<;£!3ucn Stabiiiiatior.
P!;=int:;nQ (see note 1)
P-r.cin-. rn.-:trQl method for graded Slopes (choose at
SS-2 SS-4 •
H-/draulic Stabilization
j-f-l-Hr.-iqapdinQ (see note 1)
SS-3 SS-4 •LJ
Ponded Fiber Mab-ix (see note 2)
Physical Stabilization
S5-
Conti-ol Blanketfsee note 2)
S5-7 •
... .^..d F.at Areas (Slope < 5o/o) (Choose at LeastOngl
Step 2 Select Erosi
wiii use above Siope Control measures on fiat SS-2,3,4,7
^n^., or Hydrop^dins - «!-!-l!:;!V^:^,^ ^U: [^ aldidor^^tydn.Uc o: phv.cal erosion co.«l
1= 1-i-e-.c opinior. of us Cora:;. 0.11C12! t-i.-i-c—_
K.pc all grains projects h3v= c^cr/ v--s--_u-r.a..- s^kctcd.
fable D-2. ADDinOfi.iJ- BM.^s 7c E-S Used In Ccnjcncton V.lth Mir.Iu.u,,, EM?3
Water Conservation
g.i-rticture Construction & Painting.
Paving Operations
Dev.-atering Operations
Scheduling SS-1
Ofciec:iv£3
• Scil StabiHiaj'cn
• S2dir7.«,n!Ccr.wi
• T,-aC!dr,c Ccr.troi
• V/:r.d E.'os'en Cc.-.t."!
• Non-SicfTT. V/a-s.- ^'>cr.aC2m€ r.:
' Mcts.-^ls c.'-.d V/as:2 Wa.-.css.—sr.;
Definition and
. Purpose
Appropnate
AppHcations
This best management practice (BMP) in'.-olves developing, for every project, a
schedule tha: ir.ci-udes seq-jencing of coristruction activities with the
i.-?!ementa:ion of conscn:c:ion site BMPs S'jch ss temporary soii stabilization
(erosion cor.:ro!) and tem;ora.-.-secim.ent controls measures. Thc purpose is to
reduce the amount anc duration of soii exposed to erosion by v.-ind, rain, n-mofi
and vehicle tracVdng, and to pe.T'orm the const.'^ction activities and control
practices in accordance with the planned schedule.
Construction sequencing shall be scheduled to minimize land cisrurbar.ee for ail
projects daring the rainy season.
Limitations None identified.
Standards and
Specffications
Plan the project a.nd develop a schedule or to layout the construction plan.
Tne schedule shall clearly sho-« how the rainy season relates to soil-
disturbing arid re-stabiiization aCiv-ities. The construction schedule shali be
incorporated into the SV,??? or YvTCP.
The schedule shali irrzluct detail on the rainy season L-npIementation and
depIo>-men'. of:
temporar,v soi! stabiiizzrio.n BMPs,
temporar.- sediment conLfo! BM?s,
traclcing contro! BMPs,
v.-ind erosion control BMPs,
non-storm water BM?s, arrd
I
I
Scheduling SS-1
v.3o:e nanaiemen: ar.d mstiHals poiiution contrc; B.^!?s.
I Scheduie sha'! also i.nciuce cares for significant long-teru: operations or
activities tha: may ha-.'e pla.ined non-storm v.a:er discharges such as
de-.va:e.-ini. sa-.---cu:ti.ng. grindi.ng, drilling, boring, crjshi.ng, bia3:i.ng.
oa:n:in£. h -"drc-cemo:i::cn, mortar mixing, bridge cleaning, etc.
« Scheduie •A-oric to mini.mize soi! disrurbing activities dunng the rai.ny
season.
• Worl-; ou; the sequencing ar.d ti.T.etable for t!-ie Stan and comp!e:ion of each
item such as site c'eari.ng ar.d grubbing, grading, e.xca-.ation, paving,
pouring f3unda;ions, installing utiiiues, etc., to rninimiie the active
construction area curing the rai.ny season.
« Schedule naior grading operations for tine non-rainy seaso.n when practical.
• Stabilize r.on-acti've areas as soc^n as practical,
ir •Monitor ti-.e w»a;her fo.'ecas: for rainfa!!.
« V/r.en rainfall is predicted, adjur. the const.n:ction schedule to allow the _
imo!emen:a:ion of soil stabilization and sediment consrols and sediment
treatment cont-rols on all disturbed areas prior to tine onset of rain.
• Be p.-epared year-round to deploy soil stabilization and sedimen; control,
and sediment treatmevnt control practices as required by Section 2 of thus
Manual. Erosion mav be caused daring dry seasons by ur.seasonal ramfall,
wind and vehicle tracking. Keep the site stabilized year-round, and retain
ar.d maintain rainy season sediment trapping de-rices in operational
condition.
• • Sequence trenching actVities so that most open porJoro a.-e closed before
ne-A- trenching begiru.
^ Ij^corpora'e staged seeding ar,d re-vegetation of graded slopes as work
progresses.
K Consider s:hedu!ing when establishing permanent vegetation (appropriate
planting time for specined vegetation).
> Apply permanent erosion contro! to areas deemed substantialiy complete
curing the project's deHned seeding window.
Scheduh'ng SS-1
Maintenance and
Ins;
Verir.- tha: w-crk is progressing in accordance with the scheduie. If
progress deviates, tai<e corrective ac;:orJ.
Amend the scheduie when cinar.ges are warranted or when di.'-e-cted by the
Residen: Engineer (RE).
The Special Provisions require a."ua' submittal of rainy season
imoiernen;a:ion sci-.edule. A.me.-.d the schedule prior to the rainy season to
show upda:ed inform.ation cn the deployment and i-p!emen:a:ion of
cor.st.'uction site BNPs.
Preservation of Existing Vegetation SS-2
BM? Objectives
• Sen Sabilica-Jcn
• S;Ci.T.r.nt Ccnirol
• Tracior.c Cor.;;ol
• Vi\r.<l Erosion Ccr.:;ci
• Nc.--S;:rm V/a:sf f.!a.-.ac5rr:s,'.;
. f.'.a;c;-;a:3 and V/as;s Wai-.ag^.T.er.:
Definiticn and Preser/a:ion of existi.ng vegetation is tine identi:1ca:ion and protection of desirable
Purpose vesecition tha: pro-.'ides erosion a.nd sedim.ent ccr.t.-ol benefits.
Appropriate • Preser>-e e.xisting vegetation a: a.-eas on a site where no construction activity-
Applications is planned or wiil occur a: a later date.
K On a year-round basis, tem.porar:.- fencing shall be provided prior to clearing
and grubbing operations or other soil-dtsrurbing activities in areas where no
co.-isrt:ction activitv- is plan.ned or will occur at a later date.
> No grad ing or disrurbances shaii occur in a-eas identified on the plans to be
p.'eserved,~e5oecia!!y cn areas designated as En-»iron-mentally Sensitive Areas
(ESAs).- . -
Limrtations Protection of existing vegetation requires planning, and may limit the area available
for co.nstructio.n act;-»-ices.
Standards and Timing
Speci-f ications ^ preservation of e:cs:ing vege-^:ion shall be pro-.ided prior to the
(.Q_.;_,„P,-emen: cf clearing and grubbing opera;ionls or Ou^e^ soii-disturb-.ng
acti-rities in areas where no ccr_-uTJCtion activit)- is planned or v-ill CKrcur at a
late: date.
n Preserv-ation cf existing vege-'ion shali ccnfont; to scheduling requirements
set forJi in the special pro-.-isiors.
Preservation of Existing Vegetation SS-2
Design e.ic La'/out
M Niark areas to be preser-ed with temporary fencing madecf orange
colvpropyiene tha; is stabiiized against u!;rav:o!e: light, i ne ;emDora:y
fencing shaii be a; least one meter wide and shali hay. openings not larger
thar. 50mm. by 50m.m.
« Fence coso shai: be either wood or meta!, a: the Contractor's discretion, as
arorooriate for the intended purpose. -Tne pos: spacing ar.d dep:h shall be
adecua:e to com?;e;eIy support the fence in an uprigh: position.
M Minimize the disorbed areas by Icoatikg temporary roadways to avoid stands
oftrees ar.d sh.-ubs and to follow existi.ng contours to reduce cur.i.-.g and
fiiiing.
K Consider tine i.mpact of grace ci-'.anges to e.xis:ing vege;a:ion a.-:d the root
zone.
Instzllation ' • • ' .
u Construction materials, equipment storage, and parking areas shaii be located
v/here they will not cause root comipaction.
« Keep ecuipmeat away f-bm' trees to prevent t.-unk and root damage.
% Maintain existing irrigation syr.e.ms.
. Emolovees and subcontractor, shali be i.-^.stn;aed lo honor p.-otective devices.
No heaVv equipment, vehicular tra^c, or storage piles of ar.y ccnru-ucnon
m='eri''5 shall be pe.-m.ined wrtrJn the drip line of any .tree to be retamed.
P-rnov^d uees shali no: be felied, pushed, or pulled into any retained trees.
Fires shall not be permir.ed within 30 m (100 ft) oflhe drip line of any
r»tair:ed trees. Anv fu-es shall be of limited size, and sr.all te kept ur/fer
conti-ual s-ur.-eiiiance. No to.xic or construction materials - Including paint,
acid, rails, gvpsum boa.-d, cherrJcaJs, fliels, and lubricants - sh.all be stored
wi-thin 15 m (50 ft) ofthe drip line of any retained trees, nor disposed of m
any way which wo-uld i.njure vegetation. • .
Trenching and Tunneling
B Tren.-h =nc shall te as far awav from tee trun!.--s as possible, us-ually outside
cf the tee drio line or ca.no?y. Curve trenches a.-ound trees to avoid large
ro-^ts or root co.-Kentrations. If roots are encountered, consider rur.r«ling
u.nder tl-.em. W nen trenching a.nd'or tunneling near or under trees to te
retained, tanr.els shall be at least 450 mm (18 i.a) below iht grcund sc.ace,
r-^. r^.nr^r In minim.ize impact on tine roo'ts.
Preservation of Existing Vegetation SS-2
s Tree roots shaii no: be ler: exposed to air; they shali be covered with so:! =5
scon as -jossibie. protected, a.nd .kep: .moistened -.vith we; burlap cr pea: moss
un:i! the :unne! and'or trench can be compieted,
H The ends of damaged or cut roots si-aii be cu: off sm.oothiy.
• T.-enchesa.-d runnels sinalite filled as scon as possible. Careru! lliiir.g a.-d
la-ping wiii eliminate air spaces in the soil which can damage roo:s.
« Remove any trees intended fbr retention ifthose trees are damaged seriously
enough to affect their sur/iva!. If replacement is desM or required, the new
t.-ee shall be cf sim.ilar species, an'd ofa: least 50 mum (2 in) calipe.-, uniess
cii-.e.-wise recui.-ed by the contract dc-:umen's.
M i f;e.. all c-.her work is com.piete, fences a-ndba.miers shalt be rem.oved lar..
Tnis is because protected trees may be dest.^oyed by carelessness during the
final cleanup and landscaping.-
Maintenance and Durins const.-uctior, tl-^.e limits of disrurbance shall rem.ain clearly ma.-:<ed at aii
Inspection times. l.Tisaticn or mainter^nce of e.xisting vegetation shall conform to tne •
requirements in the Ia.ndsca?ing plan, 'if da.mige to protected c-ees stili occun,
m.ain:e.-,ance guidelines described below sinaii be foiiowed:
a Serious t.-ee i.njuries shall be a-en^ded to by an arborist.
n Any damage 10 the.crown, l.^r^c, or ro-Jt syr.em of a retained tee shall be
repaired Immediately.
> Damaged roots sinall be imm.edia-ely cut clean.
K Ifbarkda.ma£ec<curs,-£]1 loosened b'ark shall be cut back into the
ur.damased area, with the cut tapered zi the lop and bottom, and drainage
pro-rided a: the base of tl-^e woc-d. Cutting of the undamaged area shall be as
limited as p-assib'e.
• > Soi! which has been compacted over a tree's root zone shall be derated by
pn.-chin^ holes 30O mm (12 In) deep v^ith an iron bar, a.nd moving the bar
back and fortl-. un:il the soil is lo-osened. Holes shall be placed 450 mm (1S
I-:) apart tlvougl-.out the area of compacted soil under thi tee crown.
« S-essed or da.m.aged brcadieaf tees shall be fertilized to aid recover:/.
« Trees shali "ce fer.ilized in the late fall or early spring.
_ r=-.;i;,.r <.h>u K. pnnlied to the soil over t'ne feeder roots and in accordance
Preservation of Existing Vegetation SS-2
fe.tiiized a.-ea sinail be increased by one-fourih of tine c:o-wn area for cor.ife.-s
tha; have ex;er,ded root syste.ms.
« During cons:ruc;ion. District Envirortmental shaH be contacted to ensure tha;
ESAs a.-e pro: ec;ed.
stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1
BiMP Objectivas
• Scil SabifiiaSon
• S2dirr«.i; Ccn;.-ot
• Tracidng Cc.nt.-o!
• V/'nd Er;s:cr. Cor,!.-ol
• Non-S;cm V/a:s.' Manace.-r.e.-.;
• Wats.'"a!sa.-<;v/as:e f.ta.-.ase.-r.cn;
Definition anc
Puroose
.A stabiiized consm-uction access is a de-lned point of entrance-'exit to a ,,
construction site tha; is s:abii;zed to reduce the tracking of mud and dirt onto
oiubiic roads by co.nstuction vehicles. . .
Appropriate
Aoo'ications
Li;Ti"rtations
Standards and
Soecrfications
« Use a: cons:.~uction si:es: . . •
where di.-t or m.ud is tracked onto public roads
aci'-en" to water b-cc:es
where poor solis are encountered
where dus: is a p.-oclem. during drv' weather conditions.' -
B Thus BM? m.av be impiem.ented'on a project-by-prbject basis in addition to
o-iner EM?s vJcen ce:e.-m:ned necessa.7 and feasible by the Resident
Enginee.-(?.£).
B S-:eco-ci;:on; wil: c:cta-e design and need.
T. Limi: the yr.7Cs cf er:C2nce.'exit to the constnjction site. "
R l,ifni; s:?e£d of vchicie-5 to control dust.
K Properlv erade each co.-st.-uction en'ua.nce,'exi; to prevent rt;nofTfirom
lea'rinE the coristraction s:;£.'
» Rou;e r-i.-.off from stab!;ized enL^nces/e.xi's thuough a sediment-trapping
device before discharge.
stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1
Maintenance and
inspection
• Desizn s:abi[:zed en:rance.'exi: to suppon heavies: vehicles and equipmen:
tha: wili use i:.
K Seiec; cons:ruc:ion access sta'oiiization (aggregate, aip:-:a:;;c cor.cre:e,
concre:e) based on longe-/:rv, required perform.a.nce, ar.d site conditions.
The use of aspinal: concrete (.AC) grindings for stabiiized ccrst.-ucticn
access-'roadway is not allowed.
K Use of conr^-ucted or cor.st.n:cted-manufaccured steel plates with ribs for
entra-nce.'exi; access is allowed with v-riaen approval of the RE.
> If azsresate is selected, place caished aggregate o-ver geotextile fabric to ar
leait 300 mm (12 in) depth, or place aggregate to a depth recommenced by
a ceotechnical engineer. .A crusined aggregate greater than 75 m.m (3
inches) 'ou; smaller tl-.an 150 mm (5 inches) s'nali be used.
X Desi£na:e co-.bina:ion or single purpose cn:.^.-ces a.-d e.xi:s to the
cc"nstuc;ion site. Require all employees, subconu-actors a.nd others to "use
them..
X Reouire that all employees, su'c-cor.tractors, a.nd suppliers utilize tine
stabilized construction access.
M Inspect routinely for damage a.nd assess effectiveness of the BMP. Repair
if access is clogged with sedi.m.ent or as directed by the RE.
% Keeo all tem.porary roadway ditches ciear.
stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit JC-I
C'JS'.ed cccrec-c:e c'ecter tnc-
'i'3 n) bj; s^ciirr trcn 150 rr.:
^Orlz-nc:
S-300 m-n (12 in) \!ir, lunisss otherv^-s;
specified by c sciis er.cinser
NTS
>-<c
O <
o
<
o
X
UJ
VV'dt'n cs
rec'jired to
Match
Existing
Grade
or four times the circumfere.'ice _
of the largest cor.struction vehicle tire,
v'hicneve.- is greoter
PLAN
NT:
I
Stabilized Constraction Entrance.'^'rt (Type 1)
Stabih'zed Construction Entrance/Exit JC-I
Z'jj'.iz czc'scz'.i c.'i-t?' t:'-,c-. ~5
;
.• I
'a - r
'-zoo rr..-r. (l2 lr.) >.!i.-.. <.,-
s;sci?sc b/ c sc.^s e'z:.
F;-cTiOi\' S-S
N I 5
ess c'.'r.irvi.si
'•AS"
Crjs'r.tt c:---e=='e c'ic:t' t:-,:.-. 75 —.-.
'"(j lr.) c^t's.-r.cile.- I'-.cn !50 m.-n (6 i.-.)
3G0 r-.rr. (12 ir.) Wi". cnless ci:-.er-*.-:S:
specirisc by c ssiis «.-.cl.-.se.'
S.j^CTlO'X' A-A
NOT TO SC,":.-..?
filter :::r\z
NCT£: •
Cfc.-.struct sec'i.-r.s.-.; cc";e.-
c.-.c; c:7.c.-..-.e!ire rur.cff _'c
•ssci.T.e.Tt l.-cpp:."9 device
Sedi.Tient t.-c.cptr.c
ce-/:ce
Mctc'n
Ex:st:.nc
C.-CCS
c fcur ti-nes the crrccrrH'e.-e.ic^
of i;-e Ic.'cest co-.st.-cctic--. vehicle t..'e.
v,'hichsve.' is greater
PLAN
.NTS
Spill Prevention and Control WfV]-4j
M The Cc-'ractor's Water Poilution Control Ma.nager (S"PCM} sinaii oversee
a.-^d e-fc.-ce proper spii! prev;n:!on and ccn;.-o! m.easu.-es.
Clasr. up ar.d Storage Procedfrss
M Minor Spiiis
Minor spiiis rrpically involve sm.ail quantities cf oil, gasoiir.e. pain:,
e:c. which can te contolied by the firs: responder a: the discovery of .
the spi!!.
Use absorbent m.a;eria!s cn smail spiiis r£:;-.e- ti-'.an hosing do-^-n or
burving the spi!i.
Re.move the absor'cen: m.a;erials prom.ptiy and dispose of properly.
Tne c.ractice com:m.oniy followed for a m.inor spiii is: •
1.. Contain the spread ofthe spili.
2. Reco-.-erspiiled materials.
3. Clean the contam.inated a.'ea a.nd.'or properly dispose of .
conta.mi.nated materials.
x Semi-Significant Spiiis
Semi-sisnitlcant spills snii can te controiied by the first responder
alons v-ith the aid ofother pe.-somnel such as laborers a.-d the foreman,
etc. This response m.ay require the cessation of all ether activiu'es.
Clean up spiiis immediately:
1. Notify Ihs project fore.man immediately.- Tne foreman'shall notify-
the Resident Engineer (PvE).
2. Contain spread ofthe spili.
3. If the spill O'ccurs on paved or Impermea'ole suiiaces, clean up
using 'dry", m.ethods (absorbent m.aterials, ca: litter and/or rags).
Contaio the spili by e.nclmlingvviui a'osbr'oent rnaterials a.nd do not
let the sp'.^i spread widely.
4. If the spill occurs in dirt areas, im-.ediately contain the spill by
corstiicting an earthen dil-te. Dig up a.nd properly dispose of
contaminated soil.
:>. If tine spill c-zcurs during rain, cove.- spill with tarps cr olher
riaterial to pre-vent con:a-minating runoff.
Spill Prevention and Control WfVl-4
Maintenance and
Inspection
• Si".ii":canf~-iazar-doiu5 Spiiis
Fcr significan; or hazirdous spiiis tha: canno: be con:-olied by
cersonnei in the i.m.media:e vicini-ry, tine foiio-Ai.ng s:eps shai! be taken:
1. No:if:/ t'-.e RE im.mediately a.nd follow up with a written report.
2. Notir-- the Icoal em.e.-gency response by diaJi.-g 911. In addition
to 9 II, the contactor wiil r.o;ii>- tine proper county o.^ficiais. I: is
the contractor's resporsibilirv to have ali em.erge.ncy phone
num.'oers a: the construction site.
3. Noti.fy the Go-.-emors Office of Em.ergency Se.-vices V,'a.-n!ng
Cente.-, (305) S52-7550.
4. Fcr soi-is of fede.-al repo-rtabie quantities, in conform.a.nce v-ith the
reo'uire.ments in 40 CFR pa.rts 110,119, a.nd 302, the contractor
shall noiifv-.tl-^e National Response Center at (SOO) 424-SS02,
5. Notification shall first 'oe m^ade by telepho.ne and followed up v--:;h
a v--rf-.en report.
6. Tne ser.-iccs ofa spiiis cont.-actor or a Kaz-Ma; tea.m shali be _ •
obtained im;-.edia:ely. Corsc-uction personnel shali no: a--empt to
ciean up until the appropriate a.nd qualitied staff have arrived at'
the job siie.
7. O-Jner agencies which m.ay need to be co.'-iS^uked i.nclude, but are
not lim.ited to, the Fire Department, t'ne Public Wor>s Deparcmcnt,
the Coast Guard, the Highway Patrol, the Cit>-/County Police
Departm.ent, Department of To.xic Subr^nces, Califomia Division
of Oi! and Gas, Cal/OSFLA, etc.
K Veri.^- weeldv lhat spl!! conto! clean up materials are Iccated near m.aterial
sto.-age, in'oadlne, and i:se areas.
K Up-date spiii prevention and conto! p!a.ns and stock appropriate clean-up
m.a;eri£:3 whene-ver ch.anges occur in the tvp-es of chemicals on site. .
Solid Waste Management
B.M? Ociectivss
Son Stabllizatic^T
Sc<ii.-r^,it Con:.-cl
Traci'.-ng Ccf.;.':-!
V/Vic Erisicr, Ccr.^-si
trtr.-Sicar, Vlz:if Vi.'-.ace.—s.-.t
f.!at2,-Ia!s a,-.d v;as:» f.ia.-.acerr.sr
Definition and
Purp'Ose
These are procedures a-nd p.-actices to m.inimize or eliminate tine cisclnarge of
poiiutants to tine drainage syste.m or to watercourses as a result of the creation,
s:ockoiiin£, a.nd removal cf cons-nuction site war.es.
Appropriate
Applications
Soiid v.-aste m.anage.m.en; p.^ctices are i.m.plemented on all consiruction projects
thai generate solid w-astes.
Solid wastes i.-.clude but are not lim.ited to:
K Corist-ruction wastes including brick, mortar, timber, steel and m.etal scraps,
pioe and electricai cunings, non-hazardous equipme.nt parts, stVTOfoam, and
oCntr mate.ials use: to crarsp-ort and package construction materials.
« Highway planting wastes, including vegetative m.aterial, plant contai.ners,
ar.d paclcagii-^.g ruateriais.
B Lir.er, including l':-:-:' contai.-.ers, be-verage cans, coffee cups, paper bags,
plastic wraDK.-s, a.-'.c s-.o-Llng materials, i.ncluding lirter generated by the
Du'olic.
Limrtations Tem.pora.-y stor'iCpiiing of cenain corstniction was-tes m.ay not necessitate
stinsen: drainage relate: ccnt.-ois dunng the non-rainy season or in dese.rt areas
wi'ih lo-rv raii-ifa-i.
Standards and
Specffications
Education
M Tne Contactor's V,'a:e: Poliiution Contol Manager (\-.TCMj shali ove
s-ir^ enfore^-nrn-.?-soiid waste crocedurcs and practices.
Solid Waste IVIanagement WfVI-5
« Instruct empioyees and subcontractors on iden;inca;ion of sciid waste and
haza.-dcus v-'a-te.
I Educate e.m:!oyees a.nd subcontractors on solid waste storage and disposal
p.-oced-ures.
« Hold rezuiar m.eetings to discuss and reinforce disposal p.-ocedures
(inco.--:.-a;e into regular sa.?"ec;/ meetings).
« P.ecuire t'-.a; emislcyees and s-ubcon~ac:ors follow soiid was;e ha.ndiing and
sto.-age p.'ocedu.-es.
a Prohibit liueri.ng by e.mployees, subcon;racto-:s, and visitors.
« V/'he.'ever oC'Ssibie, miinim.ize production of solid waste mia:e-a's.
CoUectian, Storage, snd Disposal
M Littering cn line project site shall be prohibited.
X To preven; closzins of the s;orTn drain-age sy-s:eim. lir.er a.nd deb.ris rem.o-zal
• fro.m. drainage grates, t.-^h racks, and ditch lines shali bea priOirity.
X Trash receo-tacles shal! t-e p.-o-vided in Lhe Contractor's yard, field i.-ailer
areas, a.-d a; lo:a;ioas where worke.-s congregate for lunch and b.'-ea.k
pe.riods.
X Litter from. won< areas within the consfuaion limits of the projecl site s'nali
be coUected and placed in water tight dumpsters at leasi weeldy regardless
ofwhether the litter was generated by the ConL-actor, the public, or others.
Collected lir.er a.nd de'oris shall not be placed in or next to d.-ain Inlets,
sto.rm water diai.-vage systems or wate rco u.'ie >.
X Dumps-e.-s of sufficient size ahd number s'nali be provided to con',ain the
solid waste generated by the project.
K Full dumpstei^ shal! be removed from the project site and the contents shall
•ce disposed of ou'side the highway right of way in con.fo-nna.nce with
pro-zisions in Secdon 7-1.13 ofthe Sta.nda.-d Specirlcado.ns.
B Liner stored in coiiection areas and conulners shall be handied ar.d
disposed of by trash hauling conl-^cto-rs.
B ?4ateria!3 tina: are disposed of or lempo.-arily stockpiled ou-tside the highway
right-o.f--nay bu- are visible from, the Highway, shall te in a neat and
crde.-ly fashion to the satisfaction oflhe Reside.nt Engineer (P.E).
-" ' -'--^ ^'•--'^ r^.nfo^fTnr, f.-^rf^- «:r.i;^ waSte
Solid Waste IVIanagement WIVI-5
zh the use of m.easu.-es to elevate wasie I'orm. site su.-faces.
• Soiid waste r.o.-age areas si-,a!i be located a; least 15m. from c.-ainage
faciiities and wate.-ccurses a.-.d si-.ali r.o; be Located in areas prone to
f.-o-odi.-^g cr pcitdi.ng. •
X E.xceo; during fair wea-he.-, co.nstruction and high-way planting waste no:
s:o.-ed in water.izht cum.--5te.-3 sinai! be protected fro.m wind and rain by
secu.-ely coverinz the waste with tarps or plastic sheeting or protected in
con-o-mtance with t'-te applicable Disrur'oed Soil .Area protection.
X Du.m.or.er wajincu: on the pr-oject site is no; allowed.
X No;ir.- tash hauling cont.'-actors lina; only watertight dum.psters a.-e
acce::abie for use on-s;:e.
X Plan for additi-ona! contalne.-s du.rir.g ti".e c'em.oli:ion phase of constmction.
X Pian for mo.-e frecuer.t pickuo during the dem.olition p'nase of co.nstruction.
x' Desisnate on-site was:e stoi^e areas and obtain app.-oval ofthe RE.
• • X Sezrezate potentiallv hazardous waste fro.m non-hazardous constructio.-. siie
. waste.
X Ma:<e sure that to.xic liquid wastes (used oils, solvents, and paints) and
chem.icals (acids, pesticides, additives, curing com.p-o-unds) are not disposed
of in cum.pste.-s designated for construction de'oris.
X Disoose of non-haza.-dous waste in accordance wilh Sta.ndard Specification
7-1.13, Disposal of Materia! Outside the Highway right-of-w-ay.
'x For discosalofhazardous waste, see BMP \v'MH5,''Hazardo'us Waste
Mar.azemen:"'. Have haza.rdo'us waTie hauled to an appropriate disposal
ar.d/o: recycling I'aciiit^--.
K Salvage or recycle useful vegetadon debris, packagi.ng and/or s'urplus
buildi,n-2 materials when prac-ucaJ. For example, tees and shrubs fi-om land
c!ea.ri.ng can be used as a brush ba.mer, or converted into wood chips, then
used as mulch on graced areas. V*'ood pallets, cardboard boxes, and
construrtion scraps can also be recycled.
Maintenance £nd » The V,?C.M shall monitor on-site solid waste storage and disposal
inspection prc-cedures.
X Police site for !it:er and debris.
Hazardous Waste IVIanagement WfVl^
B.MPtDti actives
• Sei! S-iabii-cat-icr.
• Sr-i;r«.-!: Ccr,^-oI
• T,-a-:i<:.-iG Cor.c-cl
• VV-r.c: Erosior. Ccr.;.-cl
• Mcr.-Stc<7T-i V/atif .Ma.-.aceme.-.t
• ^'<•^r:a!s a.".d V/aste Nter.ace.me.it
Definilion and Tnese are procedures a.nd p.-actices to m.ini.mize or eli.m.inate the disc'narge of
Purpose po!Iu;ants f.-om. cons;.-uc';ion site hazardous waste to the stonn d.-ain syste.m or to
watercourses.
• Appropriate x This'c-est managem.ent p.-ac:ice (BM?) applies to al! const.rt-ction projects.
AppIiCa-.IOnS ^ Hazardous waste management p.-actlces are I.-nple.mented or. co.-ist--uction
projects lhat gene.-ate waste fro.m the use of:
Petroleum. Products,
Co-ncre:e Curing Compounds
Palliatives,
Septic Wastes,
Stains,
V.'o-o-d fVese.-.-atives,
Asphalt Products,
Pesticides,
Acids,
Paints.
Limrtations
Solvents,
Pv.oofu-ig Tar, or
Any materiais deemed a hazardous waste in Calil'om.ia, Title 22
• Division 4.5, o.-listed h40 CFR Parts 110, i 17, 261, or 302.
K Nothing in this BM? relieves trie Contractor feom responsibilitv- for
co.moliance with fede.-ai, state, a.->.d local la-As regarding storage, handling,
iranspo.rtatio.T, and disposal of hazardous wastes.
X Tnis BM? does r.o; cover aerially deposited lead (ADL) soils. For ADL
soils refer to B.M? W7v!-7, Conta-minated Soil .Management, a.nd the project
Hazardous Waste IVIanagement WIVI-6
Standa.'ds a.nd Education
Soecif ications , , . ^ -.
X Ecucate e.m.ployees and suocon;.-^c-to.-5 on hazarcous v.-arte storage a.nc
cisposai p.-ocedu.'es.
X Educate em.ployees and subcontactors on po-tentia! dange.-s to hu.ma.ns and
the envl-on.men; from hazardous wastes.
X I.-'s:.-uc; em.cloyees and su'ocontractors on safetv- p-roced'ures for com.m.on .
constuction site hazardo'us was;e3.
X I.-r.ruct e.m.olovees and su'ccon;.-3c;o-r3 in identification of hazardous and
X He'd regular m.eetings to discuss and rei.-.'o.-ce hazardous waste
m.anage.ment procedures (incorporate into regular sa.?"irv- m.eetings).
X The Contactor's V,'a;er Pollution Concol Ma.nager (\'yPCM) shali oversee
and e.-iforce p.'-oper'h;azar.dous -waste m.anage.m.ent procedures a.nd practices.
X f.fa:<e sure lhat hazardous waste is coiiected, re.moved, and disposed of cnly
at authorized disposal areas.
Storage Procedures- . • ' .
X Wastes shall be stored in sealed containers constructed ofa suitable
m.aterial and shall be labeled as required by Title 22 CCP^ Division 4.5 and
49 CFR Parts 172,173, 178, a-nd 179.
X Ali hazardous waste shal! be stored, trarspcited, a.nd disposed as required in
Titie 22 CCPv, Division 4.5 a.nd 49 CFR 261-263.
B V/aste cohtaine.-s sinall be stored Ln te.mpo-rary cointalnment facilities that
s'nali comply with the following requlre.ments:
Te.uvorarv- conlai.nm.ent faciiitv- s'nal! pro-ride a spill containment
volume equal to 1.5 ti.mes the Yo!u.me of all containe.-3.
Tempo.-ar>-.contairuT.ent faciiitv- shaJi te i.mperrious to the materials
contained for a minimum, contact tLr.e of 72 hou-rs.
Tem.pora-r>" conlalnm.ent facilities shal! be malntairied free of
accumulated rainvi'aier and spills.
Sufficient separation s'nali t>e pro-vided 'cetv-'een r^ored contaL-iers to
allow for spill cleanup and emergency response acceis.
Lnco.moati'ole materials, such as crJori.ne a.nd amm.or.ia^ sinall not be
Hazardous Waste IVIanagement WfVI-6
- Tivougi-.cut the rainy season, le.m.po.-a.-y containm.en; t*a-::i:ties shaii ir-e
cove.-ed during nor.-worki.-ig days, prior to .-ain events,
X D.-u.m.s shaii not 'ce ove.-fiiied a-nd wastes shaii r.ct te m.ixed.
X Pain: b.-ushes a.-d equipment for water a.nd oi! based paino s'-.a:! be ciearred
-.vi-thin a contained area a.nd shall not be allowed to contaminate si;e soils,
v.atercou.-ses or drainage syste.m.s. Was;e pain-s, ihi.nne.-s, solvents,
residues, a.nd sludses lina; ca.n,not be recycled or reused si-^aii 'ce disposed of
as hazardous waste. Vv'hen ilnoroughly dr;.-, latex pain; a.nd pain; ca.ns, used
b.-usi-tes, rags, absor'cen: m.ateriajs, a.-id drop clot.hs sl-.a!! be disposed of as
solid waste.
X Ensure that adecuate haza.-dous waste sto.-age volum.e is a-vaiiable.
X Ensure tinat hazardous waste collection con;alne.-s a.-e con-veniently located.
X Deslznate 'nazardous waste storage areas o.n site a-^vay from. s:-Oi-m. drams or
wa:ercou.-ses and a-way fro.m. m.oving vehicles' and equip.m.ent lo prevent
accidental spiiis. • .
X Mi.ni.m.ize p.-oduction or gene.-ation of hazardous materials ar.d hazardous
waste on tine job site. •• • .
X Use contai.n-m.ent berms in fueling and m.aL-itenance areas and where the
potential fbr spills is high-
K Sezregate potentially ha2a.-dous w-aste from no.n-hazardous constructio^n site
debris.
X Keep liq-oid or semi-liquid hazardous waste in appropriate containers
(closed drams or simiiar) ar.d under cover.
B Ciea.-ly la'ce! al! hazardous w-aste containers with the w-aste be'mg stored and
t;-;e date of accum.uIa;ion._
X Piace hazardous waste conUiners in secondary containment.
K Do no; allow potentially haza.rdous waste materials to acciumuiate on t'ne
ground.
X U.nle3s waterught, containers of dry- w-aste shali be sto.-ed on pallets.
X Do no; m.ix wastes.
Hazardous Waste IVIanagement WIVI-6
Disposal Procedures
X V."as;e snail be disposed of outside the highway right-of-way within 90 days
of beln5 zenerated. cr as ci.'ected by the P..e3:de-t E.nglneer (?>£).
X To m.ini.miie cr.-si-.e s:0'rage, fuil con:alne.-3 of waste shall be disposed of
outside the hizh-Aay right-of--way a: leas: w^eei-uy. In no case shaii haza.-dous
v-.-aste storage e.xceed requi.-e.m.ents in Titie 22 CCR, section c-:262.34.
X Waste shai! be disposed of by a licensed haza.-dous waste cra.nsporter a; an
authorized and licensed disposal faciiity or recycling facilirv utilizing
properiy co.mpleted Uniform. V.'aste fvlanifest forms. In no case shall
hazardous waste storage e.xceed requi.-em.en-is in Title 22 CCR, section
66252.34.
X .A Caic^."s certitied la'oo.'-ato.-y- shaii sam.ple waste to cete.-Tni.-e the
• app.-opriate disposal faciiity.
X Make sure titat to.xic liquid wastes (usecoils, sol-vents> and paints) a.nd
che.m.icals (acids, pesticides, additives, curing compounds) are not disposed
of in du.mpste.-i designated for solid waste ccns'uuction debris.
X p.-o^eriv dis-rose'of rainwater in seconda.-y- con;ai.n.m.ent lha; may have
m.ixed with haza.-dous waste. ' •
X P.ecycle a.ny useful material such as used oil or water-based paint w'nen
practica!.
n Aaention is dii-ected to "Hazardous Material", "Contaminated Material",
and "Aerially Deposited Lead" of li-^e cont.-ac; documents rega.'-dlng the .
handling and disposal of h.azardous m.aterials.;
Maintenance and u Tne WTCM sinai! m.oni-tor o.--si:e hazardous waste sto.-age a.nd disposal
Inspection p.-ocedu.-es.
B V/aste storage areas shall be kept clean, weli o.-garized, and equipped v,ith
a.-r.?le Ciean--up s-upp!ies as appropriate for the m.aterials being sto.-ed.
B Sto.-aze areas sh^l! 'ce Inspected in conform;a.nce v,ith the provisio.ns In tine
contact dccu.me.-.-s.
K Periuieter co.-.trols, contai.n-m.ent stucfures, co-ze.-s, a.nd liners si-.ali be
repai.-td or replaced as needed to mai.-i-Lain proper fiinction.
X Hazardous spills shall be cleaned up and reported Ln confonna.nce with the
applicable Material Safety Dala Sheel (MSDS) a.nd the i.-istuctiors posted
Hazardous Waste IVIanagement WIVI-6
X Tm National Respo.nse Center, a; (SOO) 424-SS02, shali be no-iiled cf spiiis
of Fcde.-a! recortable cua-ntities in con.'orma.nce with the requi.-e.meno in 40
CFRpa.rt5 110, 117, and 302.
Coov of Eiii of Laden and disposal receipts shaii 'ce provided to the RE
Contaminated Soil IVIanagement WIVI-7
BW? Objs-ctives
• Sell Sta'ciiicaticr.
• S=di.-er.; Ccn:.-oI
• T.'ac'jc.r.c Cor.:,-ci
• Vi'ici E.'csiC'". Ccr,tr:i
• Ncn-SM.-.T. VI ater Ma.iag-srr.a.n;
• Matsrfais a.-.d VVasts .V.a.-iage.me.':!
Definition and Tnese a.-e p.-ccecures a--:d p-.-actices to m.inim.ize or eliminate the discha.-ges of
Purpose poiiutants to tiie drainage syste.m. or to watercourses from conta.m.i.-!a:ec soil.
Appropriate
Aoolicati-ons
Limrtations
X Conta-m.inated soii m.anagement is i.-.ple.-nent.ed on co.nst.-uctlon projects i.n
hizhlv urbanized or industrial areas whe.-e soil conta-mination m.ay ha-ve
cccu.med due to spiiis, illicit discharges, a.nd leal<s fro.m u.nderground
storage ta.-.l-o.
X I; mav alsc apply to high-way widening projec's in older a.-eas where median
a-nd shoulder soiis m.ay have been co.nta.-nInated by aerially deposited lead
(.ADL). _
K • The p.-ccedures and p.-actices p.-esented in this best ma.-.agement practice '
(BNf?) are zenerai. Tne contractor shai! identity appropriate practices and
p.-oced-ures for the specitic contaminants known to e.xisl or discovered on
site.
Standards and Identifying Con!a.mimte-d Areas .
Specffications _^ Con--a-m.ina:ed soiis a.-e often identified d'ring project plarni.ng and
de->-elopme-r,; wi-n kno'-n io-oatiops ide.n-ified In the plans a.-id
s>ecif;ca:iors. Tne con:..-actor s'nali re-,iew appiicable reports a.ad
i.r/estigate appropriate c£il-ou;s in the pla.ns a.-.d specil'icatio.ns.
X Tne contractor may furt.her idtnufy contaminated soils by •Ln-vestigating:
Past site uses and activities.
Contaminated Soil IVIanagement WIVI-7
.Acid or aikaiine sciu;i'Ons f.-o.m exposed soil or ro-:k fo-rm.atio-ns high In
acid or alkaiine forming elements.
Look for con:a!m!.na:ed soii as evidenced by ciscoicra;ioa, oco.-s.
difterences in soi! prope.rties, aba.-.do.ned u.nde.'g.-ound Lini<s or pipes,
cr bu.-ied debris. Ten suspecied soils a; a ce.rtified Iaiooi-a;o.-;.-.
Education
X Prior to pert'orming any cxcava:ion work at ti-ie iocations containing
m.aterial ciassified as hazardous, employees and su'ccc-n'u-acto.-s shal!
co.T.oie;e a safer;.- t.-ainlng program, which meets 29 CFR 1910.120 and S
CCR 5192 co-vering line potential hazards as ide.ntified.
a Educate e.m.ployees a.nd su'ocontactors in identification of contam.inated soii
and on conta-m.inated soi! handling and disposal procedu.-es.
a Hold regular meetings to discuss a.nd reinforce disposal p.-oced-ures
(l-.co.-po-ate into regular safety meetings).
Handiing Procedures for Materia! with Aerially Deposited Lead (ADL)
X Materials from a.-eas designated as co.ntalning (.ADL) may, if allowed 'cy the
contact special provisions, be excavated, tra-isported, a.-d used in the
co.-SL-uction of e.m.ba.n!<.m.ents and/or backtfill
X Excavatio.n, ta.nsportation, and place.ment operations shall res-ult in no
visible diust.
X Use cau-ion to prevent spillage of lead containing materia! during t.rarsport.
X Monitor line air qualitv- duri.ng exca-vation of soils contam.inated with lead.
HandHng Procedures for Contaminated Soils
X Test suspected soiis a: a Caltra.n5 approved certitied labo-ratorv-.
. B if the soil is contam.inated, work wi-th tl-;e local regulatory agencies to
ce-.-eiop optio.ns for treat.ment and'or disp-osal.
X Avoid tempo.-a.-y r.ocloilin.g o'f contaminated soils or haza.-do'U5 material.
X if tem.po.-ary stocteili.ng is necessa--y-:
(1) Cover the sto-c'spile wCn plastic sheeting cr tarps.
(2) Lnstali a term aro-und the stockpile to pre-.ent runoff from leaving the
Contaminated Soil IVIanagement WIVI-7
(3) Dc- r,-:; s:-oci-:p:ie in or near storm, drains or wate.-courses.
• Conta.-.:na;ed m.aterial and hazardous materia! on exterio.-; of i.-a.-spo,rt
vehicies sitaii be re-.c-/ed znc placed ei-t.er into ihi cument ta.nsport
vehicie or tine e:-;:a-.-atior: prior to the vehicie lea-.ing ti-.e exclusion zone.
X .Monitor the air cuaii:;-- continuously duri.ng e.xca-/ation cperatio.ns a; al 1
!-oca;io.-s ccn;ai.-.ir.g hazardous material.
X Procure aii pe.-m.Its a.nd licenses, pay all charges and fees, a.nd give ali
notices ,-e:es3a.7 and incident to the cue and la-^ful prosecuti^on ofthe
wo.-ic Including .-egis:ra;ion for i.-ansporting vehicles canying the
con;a.mii.-;ated m.aterial a.-id the hazardous material.
X Collect -.-vater fro.m. decontamination procedu.'-es and tea: ander dispose of
i: a: an appropriate disposal site.
X Collect r.o-r.-reusabie p.-otective equipment, ence used by a.ny pe.-sonr.el, a.nd
dispose ofat an ap-prop.riate disposal site.
• X Install le.moo.-a.-'-security fence to surroLT.d a.nd secure the exclusion zo.ne.
Re.m.o-ve fe.ncing -when no longer reeded.
X Excavatior, tra.-spcrt, a-nd disposal of contaminated material a-nd hazardous
material shal! be Ln acco.-dancs with the rules and regula-tlons oflhe
following agencies (the specifications of these agencies supersede the
p,-ocedu.-ts outlined in thus BMP):
United States Depa.rtment of Tra.-sportation CUSIiX)T);
- United States En-riro.n.mental Protection Agency '(USEPA);'
Ca!ifo.mJa Em-vonmental ProtecUon Agency (CAL-EPA);
Calii'omia Di-.ision of Occupation Safery a.nd Healtii Administration
(C.i-L-OSILA); ar.d
Lc-cai rezulat'O-rv- agencies.
Procedures hr Underground Storage Tank Removals
X Prior to com..menc:.ng ta.-'J^ removal operations, oblain t'ne requred
underero^und sto.'aze tark removal permits and appro-/al from the federal,
s-a:e, a-nd l-oca! age.ncles w-hich have jurisdiction o-ver su-ch wor'*L
X Arra.nge to have tested, as directed by the Resident Engineer (PvE), a.iy
liquid"o-r sludge found In tr^ underground ta.n:< prior lo its remo-,a! lo
Contaminated Soil IVIanagement WIVI-7
X Folicw-ng the tanJ: removal, take soii sam?:e3 beneath the excavated tank
a.-.d perfc.m; analysis as .-equired by the locai age.icy represen;a;ive(s).
X The u.-tde.'zround r.orage ta--.!'':, a.-.y liquid and'or siudge found within the
ta.-;f-_a.id ail conta.m.ina:ed suio5ta.nce3 and haza.-dous subs;ance5 re.m.oved
durins ti-.e tank re.m.ova! sinai! be i.-a.ns?orted to disposal faciiities pe.-m.ined-
to accept such war.e.
V/atar Control
X Take ail necessa.-;.- p-recau:io.-s and preventive m.easures to prevent tine fiov.-
of -.vater, including ground wa;e.-, fro.m m.ixing with hazardo'us substances
or underzrour.d storage tank excavations. Such preven:a;ive measures m.ay
co.-sis: o;', but are no; lim.ited to: be.-ms, cofie.-da.-s, grout curtains, freeze
walls, and sea! coui-se concrete or any co.-.blnation thereof.
X Ifwater does enter an e.xca-.-a;ion and becomes co.nta-m.inated, such w-ater,
v-hen necessauy- to proceed with the wor!-:, sliali be discharged to clean,
- closed top, watertight holding tanks, teated, a.id disposed of in accordance
with fede.-al, state, and lo-cal laws.
Maintenance and' m The ConL-actor's V/a-e.- Pollution Conto! Ma.iager a.nd/or constuction
Insoection • ' supe.-visor sinall m.onitor on-site conta.mina:ed soil sto.-age £.id disposal
p'rocedures.
X Monitor air quality continuously duri.ng excavation operations at all
locatioiis containing hazardous material.
X Coo.-dinate con-tam'mated soils and hazardous substa.nc£s'waste
' m.a.iagement with the appropriate federal, state, and local age.ncies.
X 'Inspect hazardous waste recep-acles and areas regulariy.
Sanitary/Septic Waste IVIanagement WlVI-g
B.V? Objectives
Scil Sa'oilcaticn
Ss^i.T.en; Ccoaro!
T.-acfc-.-ic Cor.'uct
SV:r,<; E.-^Jsicr. Ccflt.-sl
Ncr,-S;ofm V/atar .Va.-.a-cema.^t '
Materiais a.-.d V/aste K'^.^ac^.-r.en:
Definition and Procedures and practices to minim.ize cr eliminate line disc'r.a.-ge of corstnuction
Pu.pose site sanita.-v/septic -waste materials to tine storm d.-ain syste.m or to wate.-courses.
Appropriate Sa--ita.-y.''septic waste m.anagem.en: p.-actiees are i.mpie.r.ented on all construction
• Applications sites that use tempora.-y- or portable sani;a.-v-.''septic waste systems.
Limitations Not applicable.
Standards and Education
Specifications X Educate e.mployees, su'ocontractors, and supplie.-s on sanitary/septic waste
sto.-age and disposal p.-ocedures.
B Educate e.mployees, subcontactc.-s, a.nd supplie.-s of potential dangers to
• humans and the en->l-onment fi-o.-n sanita.-y-/septic wastes.
K Instruct e.mployees, subcontactors, and suppliers in identificaL'on of
sani;ar>-/sep:ic waste.
B Hold regular mee:lng5 to discuss a.nd reinforce disposal prccedui-es
(incoi-po.-ate into regular safe^-' m.eetings). •
B Establish a continuing education p.-ogram. to indoctinate new e.m.ployees.
Storage and Disposal Procedures
X Tcmporauy- sanlta.-/ facilities sinall be located away from drainage facilides,
>c o-.^ frr%m T,-7.frrr rlrra'ation. V-Tien subiected to high w-uids or .....t»rr-^ir-^«>e
vehicle and Equipment IVlaintenance NS-10
B,M.= OcJect:v=s
• Soil Stabllizstion
• Ssdi.T.e.'-.t Ccr.;.-o!
• TraCicrg Cor.uol
• V«-;r.d Ercsio.i Ccrtol
• Mon-S;o.Tn V/atar >,'.ar.ags!T:«.-.t
• KUta.-iais zr.i V/as:= ^'.zr.zgirr.&r.i
Definition and Procedures and practices to minimize or clirttinate the discharge of pollutants to
Purpose ti-.e rworm drain system or to wate.-c0u.-3es from, yeiiicli a.nd equipm.ent
m.aintenance p.-ccedures. • _ - •
Appropriate These p.-ccedures a.-e applied on aii co.nsfuctiqn projecis w-he.-e an or.-sI;e yard
Applications area is neces3ar>- lb: sto:cge and maintenance of heavy equipment and vehicles.
Limitations No.-e identitied.
Standards and
Specffications
X Drip pa.ns or absorbent pads s'nali be used duri.ng vehucle and equipment
mainte.ia.ice -wo.-k that involves fluids, unless t'ne maintenance wo.-k "is
P^^-j2„j(4 i.-nperm.eabie surface Li a dedicated maintena.nce area.
X A.!i fuelinz trucics and fueling areas are required to ha-/e spill ki's and'or use
other spil! p.-oteciion de'.ices.
X E>edica;ed m.a;n:ena.-.ce areas siiall te p.-otected from rvorm w-ater ru-n-on
and ru-no.T, a--;d shali ce lorated at lear. 15 m fro.m downstrea.mi drainage
fariiities and watercourses.
B Dr.o Pais or piasti: sheeting shali te placed u.nder all veliicles ar.d
ea-j'iom.ent pla:ed cn c:-:i>-s, barges, or o-uher stucDures 'o-.-er w-ater bodies
wi-en tine vehi:!e cr equipment is pla.n.-.ed to be idle for m.ore than o.ne ho'ur.
bs-orbent spiii c!ea.n-u:; materials shali be available in malnte.-ia.ice areas
^-.d s'r:ali te dispo3.c-d of properly after use.Subs;a.nces used to coat asp'oalt
t:a.-s:-o-r. t.-ucks a.-.d asoi-'al: "spreading equipment sinall be non-toxic.
- - •• —--• —<t-„ll rnv^r^.^ ^^.nrh filter fabc.C
•ts- A
Vehfcie and Equipment IVlaintenance NS-IO
Maintenance and
Inspection
wnen seai coat, tac.< coa:, siu-rry- seal, cr iog sea! is applied to adiacent
S'Jrt'aces, Seai coat, lack coat, siuay sea!, or fog sea! siiaii r.o; te aoolied if
raihfaii c-r thu.nde.-jt-orm.s are predicted to occur duri.ng the application or
curi.ng period.
« Uii off-si-:e m.ai.i;e.na.ice faciiities whenever practical
• Fcr Ioiig-:e.-m. p.-cjeos, co.-tsider using portable ten's or co-ve.-s over
m.aintenance areas.
« Properly dispose of used oils, fiuids, lubricants and spill cleanup materials.
» Do not dump fuels a.id lubricants onto the ground.
B Do not piace used cii in a du.m.pster or pour into a stov-m drain or
wate.'ceurse.
B P.-ope.-iy dispose of or recycle used batteries. . •
X Do not bur;- used tires.
X Repair lea-ks of fluids'and ol! immediateiy.
X P,-o-.-ide spill eontairunent dikes or secondajy- containm.ent around stored oil
a.id c'r.e.mical d.n:m.s.
B Mainta'm waste fiuid contal.-iers Ln leak proof concidon.
B "Vei-jcle and equipment maLnte.iance areas shall be Lispected regularly.
B Veliicles a.nd equipm.ent shali te inspected on each day of use. Leaks sh.all
be repaired i.m-mediateiy or the p.'-oblem vshicle(s) or equipment sliali be .
removed from tr?e project site.
B Inspect equipment for damaged hoses and leaky gaskets routinely. Pv.epair
or replace as needed.
' Section 8
Waste Management and Materials Pollution
Control Best Management Practices
8.1 Definitions
Vv'aste manage.men: a.-d materials pollution contol best management practices (B.MPs), like non-
storm water management B.MPs, are source cont.-ol B.MPs that prevent polliition by limiting or
reducins p-?tentia!"poI!utLnts at their source before ihey com.e in contact with sto.-m v,-ater. These
BNfPs also involve cay-to-day operations of the construction site and a.-e under tiie contro! ofthe
Contacto.-, a.nd are additional ygood housekeeping practices", which involve keeping a clea.".,
orderly constuction site.
8.1.1 Waste Management BMPs . • _
Vv'as'e manasement consists of i.mplementi.ng procedu.ral a.nd strucDural BMPs for.ha-idiing, s^ori.^g,.
and disposing of wastes generated by a constuction project to pre-/cn: the release of war.e matenals •
into sto.-m water discharges. Waste managemen:.i.ncludes I'ne following BM?s: - _
'Spilt Prevention and Control ' \ . .
Solid V/aste Manage.m.ent
Hazardous V/aste Mar.age.m.ent
Contaminated Soil Management
Concrete V/asts Managem.ent
Sanita-ry/Septic V/aste Management • -
Liquid V/aste Management
8.12. Materials Pollution Control BMPs
Materials pollution contol (also called materials handling) co.nsists of i.mplementing procedural and
staictural BMPs for har.diing, storir.g, and using conrection materials to prevent the release of
tinose materials Into sr.orm water discha.-ges. Tb.e objective is to reduce L-,e opi>ortuntty-_for ramfall to
come in contact wit:a these materials. TT.ese contols shal! implemented for al ^f^^^^
activities, material usage and site conditions. Materials handhng practices incluae tie follow mg
BNfPs:
« Material Delivery-, and Sto.-age
» Material Use
Sec.Vcc ^
- ' Ncn-Stcrrr.V.'i'.sry.s.-.a'Zsrr.er.H Y/as'ie iVar.e-gs.-r.sr.-: SMPs
Table S-I lists the waste management and ma-erisls poiiution contol BMPs. 1- is important to note
that a'i these BMPs have been approved by Caltnj.-.s for statewide use ar.d they shaii be i.m.pleme.n-ted
ceoe.-icing on line cond:;!ons.-'appl:cabil:ty of depioyment described as part ofthe BMP.
Tahle £-1
WASTE MANAGEMENT AN'D MATERIALS POLLUTION' CONTROL B,M.=s
10 B.'.1.= N.A.ME
V/M-1 .Mata.-ial De!ive.-y zr.t Stcra-cr
\V},!-2 .Mate.ia! Use
\V.V!-3 Stockpile f.Vana-ga.-ne.ii
VIW-A Soil! Pfever.ticn aid Ccn;.-o!
VIWZ Soiid V/asts Wa.-.ag-e.m.er.t
V/SV5 Haza.-iC'us VVaste Ntanagem.ent
Co-ta.T.ir.atei Scil Wa.-iagsmer.t . •
V/.\{-S Ccncrats Vi'aste Wanageme.-.t
vv.v:-5 Sanita.-y.'S-ept:c VVaste Sta.nassrr.ent
V.'.V-IO Liquid VVaste Ma.-.acemer.t
Tne remainder ofthis Section shows the w-orking details for each ofthe waste management and
materials pollution contol B.VIPs.
IVlaterial Delivery and Storage WIVI-1
BMP Objectives
• Son Stabiiization
• Sedime.n Ccp.:.-oi
• Tfack.T.c Cor.troi
• V/ind Erosion Ccr.i-oi
• Nor.-Stcm VVater f.ta.-^age.T.en;
• Materiais a.-.d Waste .Mar.ace.T.er
Det;.n!tion and ?rc<edu:e-3 a.-,d pracdces fo: tine proper handling a-id sto-f-age of m.ate.rials in a
Pui-pose m.arr.er t.at m.i.iimizes or eiim.Inates the disc'narge ofthese materials to the storm
drain syste.m cr to watercou.-ses.
App.ropriate Theie p.-ccedu.-es a.-e i.m.piem.ented at aii corstruction sites with delive.-;/ a.id
Applications storage of the following:
X Soi:
B Penlcides and herbicides
Limitations
B Dete-ge-o
B Piare.-
E Pe-roieu.T. products such as fuel, oi!, and grease
B .Aspi".al: a-id co.icreie co.Tiponents
B HarL-co-u3 che.micais such as acids, lime, glues, adhesives, pai.its, sol-vents,
and curing compounds
B Corrre:-:-compo'unds
B O-J--:,- m,a:eria!3 that m.ay 'ce detri.mental if released to the enviro.n.m.ent
B Spa:e lim.itation m.ay preclude Lndoor sto.-age.
IVlaterial Delivery and Storage WM-I
Standa.'ds and Genera'
Specifications B T.-ain e.-ployees and subcont.-actors on the proper .m.aterial delivery a.id
sto.-age p.-ac;ices.
B Te.-po.-arv- storage a.-ea si-a!l 'ce loc3:ed a-way from, vehicular t.-af;lc.
X Ma-.eria! Safey Da:a Shee's (MSDS) siiall be supplied to line R.e3:den:
E.iglieer (RE) for all ma;e.ri3ls stored.
Matena! Storage Areas and Practices
Liquids, petroleu.m. p.-oducts, ar^d substances listed in 40 CFR Pa.rt3 110, 117, cr
302 siiali be handied in confo.-mance with the following provisions:
X Storage, preparation, and m.Ixing shali 'ce acco.T.pIisiied in tem.pora.->- .
containment facilities. Each te.mp-ora.7 contai.-ument facility shali provide a
spiii contalnm.ent volum.e equal to 1.5 times line volume of all contarne.-s
therein and shall be i.m.pe.-vious to the m.aterials coniaincd ihe.-e'fn for a .
mini.mum contact lime of 72 hours.
X Sufficient sepa.-ation shall te pro-/ided berween sto.-ed containers to allow
for spili Cleanup and em.ergency respo.nse access.
^ •
X Inco.mpatible m.ate.rials, such as chlorine a.nd ammonia, shall not be stored
in tiie sam.e lempora.^-contai.nm.ent facility.
X To p-o'.ide protection fro.m wi.nd and rain, throughout the rainy seaso.i,
teri--:orar>- containment facilities shall be covered duri.ig non-working days
and prior to rain events.
B Te.-npo.-a.->- containment facilities s'nali 'ce maintai.ned free of accumiulated -
rainwater a.id spiiis.
X Mi'cnals shall be sto.-ed in their origip.a! contai.^rs a.nd the o.riginal product
labels shall be m.al-itained in place in a legi'ole condition. Damaged or
othervrise illegible labels shall be replaced Lm.mediately.
B Liquid materials, petoleum. producis, and su'or^nces listed in 40 CFR. Pa.rt5
110, 117 or 302 shall be stored Ln appro-zed containe.-s and d.-u.ms shal! not
'ce o-ve.-fi!iec!. Containers si-iali be placed in temporary-contaitim.en;
faciiides for r^o.-age.
X Bagged aiid bo.xed materials shall b-e stored on pallets a.id shali not be
al!o-.ved to accum.ulate on the ground. To provide protecdon from vind a.nd
rai.n, liii-oughout the rainy season, bagged and bo.xed materials shall be
rnv?,-».-1 dt'ri.-io nnn-workin? davs and crior to rain events.
IVlaterial Delivery and Storage WIVI-1
X Stockpiles shaii be p.-c;ec;ed in accc.-da.ice with BM? V.?.l-3, -Stcckoiie
Managem.ent".
X Ml-lr.ire the .m.ateriai invento.-y stored on-site (e.g., oniy a few da-.-s
supply). " • '
X S:Oi-e m.ate.rials i.idoors within e.xir.ing sunicru.-es or siieds wiien available.
X Have p.-oper storage inst-uctions posied at ai! ti.-nes in an cpen and
conspicuous Iccation.
B Do rot store hazardous chem.icals, c'.-um.s, or bagged materials directly on
line ground. Place these ite.m.s on a pa!ie: a.id wiien possible, under cover in
secondary contain.meht.
s Keep hazardous ciiem.icals wei! labeled a--.d i.i tiieir c.-iginal cor.-:aine.-3.
E Keep a.T.p!e supply cf approp.riate spiii clean up m.ate.ia! near sto.-age areas.
X AisoseeBMPVv'M-6, "Hazardous V/as:eMa.iage.T.e.ir", for s:o.ring of
hazardous mate.rials.
• MateriaJ Delivery Practices
B Keep an accura:e, up-to-<!ate invento.-v of materia! delivered and stored on-
site.
X Employees trained in e.r.ergency spiii clea.i-up p.-ocedures shall be p.-esent
w-hen dangerous mate.rials cr liquid c'ne.micals are unloaded.
Spill Clean-up
X Contain and clean irp any spiii imimediately.
B If significant residual mate.rials remain on the ground after co.nstuction is
co.T.olete, prope.'ly remove and dispose any hazardous m.aterials or
contam'mated soil.
H See BM? "^7,1-4, "Spill Pre-vention and Controi", for spiiis of c'nem.icals .
and/or hazardous m.ate.rials.
Maintenance and B • Sto.-age areas sh.aJl te kept clea-T, weli c'-ga-ilzed, ar.d equipped with ample
Inspection clean-up supplies as appropriate for the m.ate.ria-s teingr.ored.
B Perimeter contels, containment stucfu.-es, co-/e.-s, a.id line.-s shall be
repal-sd or replaced as needed to mau.itain proper function.
X L-'spect storage areas befo.-e and after rainfa!! events, and at ieast weeldy
IVlaterial Use
B.W? Obiectives
• Scil S;abi!ia2:.w
• Sadifre.'.! CcnL-oi
• T.-acfc-.ic COi-.-L-ct
• V'/ir.d E.'csicn Cons-oi
• ^^o^,-Stor:^. VVater M.ar,acefr.«.'-.t
• M-ate.-iais a.-.d Waste Ma.iagerr.en;
Definition and .Tnese are p.-ocedures a.id practices for use cf const.-uction material in a manner
.PUi-pOSe tinat m.inim.izes cr eii.minates the disciiarge oftiiese materials to the storm d.'-ain
. sysie.m or to wate.-courses.
Appi'Op.-iate Tnis BM? applies to aii corst.-ucticn projec^o. These p.-ocedures a.oply w-hen the
Applications foilowi.ng m.a:e.-iais a--e used or p.-epa.-ed on si:e:
Limrtations
X Pesticide; and herbicides
X Fertiiizers
B Dete.-gents
B Piaster
B Pe-troieum. pro-duc-s such as fuel, oil, a.id grease
B Asphalt a.id o'Jie,-concrete ccm,p-one.rs
B Haza.-dous che.miiais such as acids, li.-e, glues, adhesives, pain-s, solvents,
and cu.mg comip-ouncs
w Concrete co.m.p-ou.ids
K Other m.aterials ti'.ai m.av t^e ce-rim.en;a! if released to the enviro.-unent
B Safe: aitem.ati-.-e buiiding a--d corstrucrion products m.ay not be available or
su;;abie in ever.- instance.
Material Use WIVI-2
standa.'ds and
Soecifications
Maintenance and
Inspections
B Mate:iai Sa.^et:-- Data Sheets (-MSDS) shaii be s-ucpiied to the Resident
E.igineer(?.£) for aii m.aterials,
B Latex pain; a.id pain; ca.ns, used brushes, rags, a'osor'cen; m.aterials, a-nd
d.-op cioihs, when tiio.-oughiy c-v a.id are no lo.ige.- haza.-dcus, m.ay be
disposed cf with c';i-,ercons:.-uc:ion debris.
B Do no; remo-.e the crigina! p.-cduct la't>el, it co.i.'ains i.mpo.rtan; safen.- and
disposal infoi-ma:icn. Use tiie en;i.-e product be.'ore disposing cf tiie
ecn;a;ner.
B Mix paint indoors, cr in a contaiiimeiit area. Ne-.er ciean paint'orushes or
rinse paint containe.-s into a stree:, g-utter, sto.-m d.-ain or wate.-course.
Dispose of ar.y pain: ihin.ne.-s, residue and sludge(s}, that ca.inot be
recycled, as hazardous was;e.
B For wa:er-based paint, clear, b.nushes to the exte.i; prac;ical, and ri.TSe to a
drain leading to a saniuL-;.- sewer whe.-e pe.nm.ir.ed, or inco a concrete'
•A-asi-.out pit or le.T.pcra.-j.- sedi.m.ent t.-ap. For oil-based painis, 'clean brushes
to line extent practica! and fliter and reuse ihi.nne.-s a,id solvents.
• X Use recycled a.-c iess h.azardous products wf.en p.-actical. Recycle residual
paints, solvents, r.or.-rreated iu.m'oe.-, a.id ot'ner m.ate.-ials.
B Use materials only whe.-e and when needed lo C0i-ple;e the corst.-uction
activitv-. Use safer alte.m.ative materials as m.uch as possible. Reduce or
eli.m.inate use of hazardous mate.rials o.n-site whe.i p.-accical.
B Do no; over-apply fertiiize.-s and pesticides. Prepare only the amount
reeded. Strictly follow the reco.mme.-:ded usage instructions. Apply
su.-face dressings in smaller applicatio.ns, as opposed to la.-ge applicatio.-s,
to allow tim.e for it to work in and to avoid excess materials being carried
off-site by runoff.
B Application of her'oicides and pesticides shall t>e perfo.-med by a licensed
applicator.
B Cont^cto-:s aj-e recu'u-ed lo complete Hie ''Report of Che.m.ical Spray Fo.-m.s"
w'nen sp.-aylig hemicides and pesticides.
2 Keep a.1 a.mp!e supply of spili clean up material near use a.-ea3. Train
e.-np'oyees in spiii ciean up pro-ced'ures.
B A->-oid exposing applied m.aterials to raLifali a.id runoff imless su.fncie.it
time has been allcved for the.m. to dry-.
B Spot check e.m.ployees and subconL^rtors m.onthly tlvoughout the job to
e.-su.-e appt-opriate p.-actices are being employed.
stockpile IVIanagement WIVI-3
B.M? Objectives
* Soil StaSliicaricn
• Se-diment Ccr.-,-cl
• Tracking CoauCi
• V/ind E.'osicn Cc.i:.-oi
• Ncr.-S;or::j Water f.ianagement
• Materiais a.-^i V/aste f.tar.acem.e.-.!
Definition and .?.-c<edu:e3 a.-d p.-actices to reduce or eliminate polluuon of sto.-m water fi-o.m
Pu.-oose stocic-iies cf soii, a-nd pa-ving m.a:erials such as portland cem.ent concrete (PCC)
.-ubble, asohalt concrete (.AC), asphalt concrete rabble, agg.-egate base, aggregate
suiocase o: pre'-m.ixed aggregate and asp'r-alt minder (so called "cold mix"
asohait}.
Appropriate
Applications
I-.oIeme,-,ted in aii p.-ojecis that stockpile soii and pa-.ing ma;erials.
Limitations None identified
Stan-dards and
SDecfficatlons
B pri'.ection cf st'Ockpiies is ayea.--round requirement.
B Lc-:a-e stockoiies away fro.m concentrated flows of r.o.-m water,'d!-ainage
cc-_->e3, ar.d inlets.
B P:::e:t ali s:c-:>m.iies from storm, waterrun-on using a tempo.-ar>'perimeter
se:;-en; barrier such as be.-ms, div-.es, si't fe.ices orsa.id'oag barriers.
B • I.T.:!e-e.ii v-ind e.-oslon contol practices as appropriate on al! stockpiled
r:i:e.iai. Fo: speclHc infc.-ma:ion see BM? V/E-1, "'wind Erosion -
Ccr-roi.^
B Stc-kpiies of conta.muna;ed soil s'r^M be ma.iaged in acco--da.nce with BM?
V/:.!-7 'Conta-m.l-iated Soil >.fanage.m.ent"'.
Bailed m.aterials sliould be placed on pallets and under co-ver.
stockpile IVIanagement WIVI-3
Protection of Non-Active Stockpiles •
Non-active stockpiles of the identiiied materiais siiaii be protected furt'ner as
foliows:
X Sol! srockpiies:
Duri.ig the rainy season, soil s;oci«:piies shall be cove.-ed or p.-otected
with soi! stabilization m.easures a.-d a te.mpcra.-y perimeter sedi.mcr.t
ba.-rier at ali times.
Duri.ig the r.pn-raliy seasO'r.,'sotI s:cc!<pi!es siiaii be covered or
protected with a le.mporary peri.me-.er sedlm.e.nt ba.-rier prior to the onset
cf precipita;ion.
X StockpUes of portland cerr.int concreu rubble, csphch concrete, cspkclt
concrete rubble, cggre^cle base, cr cg^regcti subbcse:
During the rainy season, the stockpiles shall be cove.-ed cr protected
with a te.m.porary perimeter sediment banner at al! llm.es.
During ihe-non-fainy season, tlie stoc!<piles siiall be covered or
p.-o;ected witli a te.mpora.^- peri.meter sedim.ent barrier prior to the onset
of precipilalion.' '
X StockpUes of "cold mix'':
During the ral.ny season, cold raix stockpiles shali be placed on and
covered with plastic or com.pa-^'ole mate.rial at all limes.
IXning the non-rainy season, cold mix stockpiles shali be placed on
and covered with plastic or co.m.pa.-able material prior ro the onset of .
precipi;a;ion.
Protection of Activa Stockpiles
Active rxcicpiies oflhe identiiied materials s'rall be protected fu.rther as follows:
B Ali r.cokpiles s'nali be p.-otected with a tempora.-y- linear sedi.meht ba.-rier
prior to the onset of p.-ecipita:io.n.
B Sto:!oiles cf "cold mix" siiall 'ce placed on a-nd co'/ered v.ith plastic or
co.mpa.-ab!e material prior lo trie o.nsetofprecipitaLio.i.
Maintenance and • Repair and'or replace perim.eter contols and co-.-e.-s as needed, eras
Inspections dl-ected by fne RE, to keep the.m functioning properly.
Spill Prevention and Control WM-4
B.M? Objectives
• Scil Srabiii:a.:cr.
• Sedi.T.£,it Ccns-oi
• T.'ac'ic.-.g Cont.-oJ
• VVi.-.d E.'osicn Cccu-ol
• Nsn-Storm Water Ma.iace.me.n;
• Materiais a.id V/as;e f.(a.iacs.me.ii
Definition an^d These a.-e procedures and practices i.m.ple.mented to pre-vent and con:.-ol spiiis in a
Purpose m.a-nner lhat m.ini.mizes or p.-events the discharge of spilled materia! lo the
drainage syste.m or wate.-courses. '
Approp.riate Tnis bes; m.anagem.en; practice (BMP) applies to ali co.istruction projects. Spill
Application contol p.-ocedures are implemented anv-time cliiem.icals a.nd'or hazau-dous
substa.ices are stored. Substa.ices may Include, but are not limited to:
X Soii stabilizers/bliders
B Dust Palliati-»es
» He.-bicides . • -
H G.-o'A-Ji i.nhibi;o.-3
B Fertilizers
B Deic'mg-'an-i-iclig chem.'Ktals
B Fuels
» Lubricants
B O-Jierpetrole'um. distillates
To iht extent lhat the work can be accom.plis'ned safely, spills of oil, petoleu.T.
products, su'csta-ices listed under 40 CFR t?arts 110. 117. and 302. and.sani^arjL
Sanitary/Septic Waste IVIanagement WM-9
sani;ar.- facili;ie3 shall be secured to prevent overturning.
X Was;ewater shall no: be discharged or buried within the highway
right-of-way.
X Saniia.-v and septic syste.ms lhat dischi-ge directly :n;o sani;a.7 sewer
systems, where permissible, shall compiy wi;h thre iccal health agency, cir--,
counr,.-, a--d sewer distict recuirem.e.its.
X If using an on site disposal system., s-uch as a sep-J: system., comply with
local health agency require.m.ents.'. •
X Prope.-ly connect tempora.-^ sanltarv- faciiities t^ disc'narge to the sa.n:tarv-
se-.ver sysiem to a-void iiiicit discharges.
, Ensure that sa.ii'-a--y/septlc facilities are maintal-:ed in good worid.ng order
by a licensed se.-vice.
X Use only reputable, I icensed sahltar.-/se?tic war.e haulers.
Maintenance and B Tne Contactor's Wa:e.-'PoIiution Control Manager (V'VPC.M) siiall monitor
Inspection on site sa.nita-o-.'s=ptIc waste sto.-age a-id disposal .procedures a; leas:
w-eeklv. ' • .
Standard Lot Penmeter Protection Detail
-> c
V
6 inches Minimum.
Section C-C
Note: Benm is not needed
if the side is a cut siooe.
C.
tL c
Section B-B
I I
I
I
c: ' c
A i JL
L-s i
I
Section A-A
Fiber Roll
(Notei Fiber roll
is not required if
berm is placed
adjacent to the
hardened
entrance.)
ATTACHIMENT "E"
Maintenance Checklists
- BMP INSPECTION AND M4.LNTENANCE CHECKLIST
Drainage facilities appurtenant tp the private road inclucJe Stonm V/ater Best
Management Practices (BMPs), which require the regular inspeclion and maintenance
described below. Sa-n Diego County V/atershed Protection Ordinance requires that
inspection and maintena-nce records must be kept for a period of three years.
1. BIOnLTRATION STRIPS AND SWALES
A. Monitoring Frequency and/or Indicators
First Year
• Before Onset of Wet Season (October)
• After Rain Events Greater than 0.5 inches
• After Wet Season (May)
Subsequent Years
• Annually prior to rainy season (October)
B. Maintenance Actions
General Maintenance
a Repair inlet and/or outlet structures, side slopes, fences, or other structural
elements as needed to maintain penormance of facility.
'Vegetation
Q Trim vegetation to average height of 6 inches and remove trimmings.
• Remove emergent trees, other vv-oody vegetation, and -weeds,
a Re-seed or re-plant barren spots prior to rainy season.
Q Install erosion blanket on banen spots if re-vegetation is not successful.
Trash and Debris
O Remove litter, trash, and vegetative debris.
Sediment Accumulation
a Remove sediment if sediment is at or near plant heighL
Rodent and Other Vector Control
O Abate and control rodents as necessary to maintain performance of facility.
• Drain standing -Vr-ater.
C. Waste Disposal
Sediment, other poUutants, and all other waste shall be properly disposed of in a
licensed landfill or by another appropriate disposal method as approved by the ^
Regional Water C^ality Control Board. All waste shall be disposed of off-site in
accordance with local, stale, and Federal regulations.
2- BIORETENTION AREAS
A- Monitoring Frequency and/or Indicators
First Year
• Before Onset of Wet Season (October)
• After Rain Events Greater than 0.5 inches
• After Wee Season (May)
Subsequent Years
• Annually prior to rainy season (October)
B. Maintenance Actions
General Maintenance
O Repair inlet and/or outlet structures, side slopes, fences, or other stmctural
elements as needed to maintain performance of facility.
Ve get ad on
• Trim vegetation to average height of 12 inches and remove trimmings.
Q Remove emergent trees and other vegetadon (i.e., plants not pan of bioretention
basin vegetation plan) and -weeds.
Q Re-seed or s-plant barren spots prior to rainy season,
a Install erc: on blanket on barren spots if re-vegetadon is not successful.
Trash and I>ebris
• Remove litter) trash, and vegetadve debris.
Sediment Accumulation
• Remove sediment if sediment is at or near plant height
Rodent and Other Vector Control
a Abate and control rodents as necessary to maintain performance of facility.
• Drain standing water.
C. Waste Disposal
Sediment, other pollutants, and aU other waste shall be properly disposed of in a
licensed landfiU or by another appropriate disposal method as approved by the ^
Regional Water Quality Control Board. AU waste shaU be disposed of off-site in
accordance -with local, state, and Federal regulations.