HomeMy WebLinkAbout2016-06-14; Municipal Water District; Resolution 1551 (2)Appendix A -Notification
Agencies Notified of CMWD 2015 UWMP
Olivenhain Municipal Water District
Rincon del Diablo Municipal Water District
San Elijo Joint Powers Authority
San Diego County Water Authority
San Diego Association of Governments
City of Encinitas
County of San Diego
City of San Diego
City of San Marcos
San Diego Local Area Formation Commission
City of Carlsbad
Vallecitos Water District
City of Vista
Encina Wastewater Authority
City of Escondido
City of Oceanside
Leucadia Wastewater District
Metropolitan Water District of Southern California
Santa Fe Irrigation District
2015 Urban Water Management Plan Appendix A
Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft
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June 2016
Appendix 8 -UWMP Adoption Resolution
2015 UWMP Adoption Resolution will be added after adoption
2015 Urban Water Management Plan Appendix B
Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft
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June 2016
Appendix C -UWMP Checklist
Table F1
Checklist Arranged by Water Code Section
CWCSectlon UWMP Requirement Subject Guidebook Location UWMP Location
10608.20(b) Retail suppliers shall adopt a 2020 water use Baselines and Targets Section 5.7 and App E Appendix G-SBx7-7
target using one of four methods. Verification Form
Section 5.1 and 5.2.3
10608.20(8) Retail suppliers shall provide baseline daily per Baselines and Targets Chapter 5 and App E Appendix G -SBx7-7
capita water use, urban water use target, interim Verification Form and
urban water use target, and compliance daily per Section 5.2
capita water use, along with the bases for
detennining those estimates, including references
to supporting data.
10608.22 Retail suppliers' per capita daily water use Baselines and Targets Section 5.7.2 Appendix G-SBx7-7
reduction shall be no less than 5 percent of base Verification Form and
daily per capita water use of the 5 year baseline. Section 5.2.3
This does not apply is the suppliers base GPCD is
at or below 100.
10608.24(•) Retail suppliers shall meet their interim target by Baselines and Targets Section 5.8 and App E Appendix G-SBx7-7
December 31 , 2015. Verification Form and
Section 5.2.3
1601.24(d)(2) If the retail supplier adjusts its compliance GPCD Baselines and Targets Section 5.8.2 N/A
using weather normalization, economic
adjustment, or extraordinary events, it shall
provide the basis for, and data supporting the
adjustment.
10608.26(•) Retail suppliers shall conduct a public hearing to Plan Adoption, Submittal, Section 10.3 Section 1 0. 1
discuss adoption, implementation, and economic and Implementation
imoact of water use tarcets.
10608.36 Wholesale suppliers shall include an assessment Baselines and Targets Section 5.1 N/A
of present and proposed future measures,
programs, and policies to help their retail water
suppliers achieve targeted water use reductions.
10608.40 Retail suppliers shall report on their progress in Baselines and Targets Section 5.8 and App E Appendix G-SBx7-7
meeting their water use targets. The data shall be Verification Form and
reported using a standardized form. Section 5.2.3
10620(b) Every person that becomes an urban water Plan Preparation Section 2.1 Section 2
supplier shall adopt an urban water management
plan within one year after it has become an urban
water supplier.
10620(d)(2) Coordinate the preparation of its plan with other Plan Preparation Section 2.5.2 Section 2.2
appropriate agencies in the area, including other
water suppliers that share a common source,
water management agencies, and relevant public
agencies, to the extent practicable.
10620(f) Describe water management tools and options to Water Supply Reliability Section 7.4 Section 7.3
maximize resources and minimize the need to Assessment
import water from other regions.
10621(b) Notify, at least 60 days prior to the public hearing, Plan Adoption, Submittal, Section 10.2.1 Appendix A -
any city or county within which the supplier and Implementation Notification and
provides water that the urban water supplier will Section 10.1
be reviewing the plan and considering
amendments or changes to the plan.
10621(d) Each urban water supplier shall update and Plan Adoption, Submittal, Sections10.3.1 and 10.4 Section 10.2
submit its 2015 plan to the department by July 1, and Implementation
2016.
10631(a) Describe the water supplier service area. System Description Section 3.1 Section 3.1
10631(a) Describe the climate of the service area of the System Description Section 3.3 Section 3.1.2
supplier.
10631(a) Indicate the current population of the service area. System Description and Sections 3.4and 5.4 Section 3.1.3
Baselines and Targets
10631(a) Provide population projections for 2020, 2025, System Description Section 3.4 Section 3.1.3
2030, and 2035.
10631(a) Describe other demographic factors affecting the System Description Section 3.4 Section 3.1.3
supplier's water management planning.
10631(b) Identify and quantify the existing and planned System Supplies Chapter6 Section 6.9
sources of water available for 2015, 2020, 2025,
2030 and 2035.
10631(b) Indicate whether groundwater is an existing or System Supplies Section 6.2 Section 6.3
planned source of water available to the supplier.
10631(b)(1) Indicate whether a groundwater management System Supplies Section 6.2.2 Section 6.3
plan has been adopted by the water supplier or if
there is any other specific authorization for
groundwater management. Include a copy of the
I plan or authorization.
10631(b)(2) Describe the groundwater basin. System Supplies Section 6.2.1 Section 6.3
10631(b)(2) Indicate if the basin has been adjudicated and System Supplies Section 6.2.2 Section 6.3
include a copy of the court order or decree and a
description of the amount of water the supplier
has the legal right to pump.
10631(b)(2) For unadjudicated basins, indicate whether or not System Supplies Section 6.2.3 Section 6.3
the department has identified the basin as
overdrafted, or projected to become overdrafted.
Describe efforts by the supplier to eliminate the
long-tenn overdraft condition.
10631(b)(3) Provide a detailed description and analysis of the System Supplies Section 6.2.4 Section 6.3
location, amount, and sufficiency of groundwater
pumped by the urban water supplier for the past
five years.
10631(b)(4) Provide a detailed description and analysis of the System Supplies Sections 6.2and 6.9 Section 6.3 and
amount and location of groundwater that is Section 6.9 I projected to be pumped.
10631(c)(1) Describe the reliability of the water supply and Water Supply Reliability Section 7.1 Section 7.1
vulnerability to seasonal or climatic shortage. Assessment
10631(c)(1) Provide data for an average water year, a single Water Supply Reliability Section 7.2 Section 7.2
dry water year, and multiple dry water years Assessment
10631(c)(2) For any water source that may not be available at Water Supply Reliability Section 7.1 Sections 7.2 and 7.3
a consistent level of use, describe plans to Assessment
supplement or replace that source.
10631(d) Describe the opportunities for exchanges or System Supplies Section 6.7 Section 6.6
transfers of water on a short-tenn or long-tenn
basis.
10631(e)(1) Quantify past, current, and projected water use, System Water Use Section 4.2 Sections 4.1 and 4.2
identifying the uses among water use sectors.
10631(e)(3)(A) Report the distribution system water loss for the System Water Use Section 4.3 Section 4.1.3
most recent 12-month oeriod available.
10631(f)(1) Retail suppliers shall provide a description of the Demand Management Sections 9.2and 9.3 Section 9.1
nature and extent of each demand management Measures
measure implemented over the past five years.
The description will address specific measures
listed in code.
10631 (f)(2) Wholesale suppliers shall describe specific Demand Management Sections 9.1and 9.3 N/A
demand management measures listed in code, Measures
their distribution system asset management
program, and supplier assistance program.
10631(g) Describe the expected future water supply System Supplies Section 6.8 Section 6.8
projects and programs that may be undertaken by
the water supplier to address water supply
reliabilily in average, single-dry, and multiple-dry
I years.
10631(1) Describe desalinated water project opportunities System Supplies Section 6.6 Section 6.5
for long-term supply.
10631(1) CUWCC members may submit their 201 3-2014 Demand Management Section 9.5 Appendix J -CUWCC
CUWCC BMP annual reports in lieu of, or in Measures Reports
addition to, describing the DMM implementation in
their UWMPs. This option is only allowable if the
supplier has been found to be in full compliance
with the CUWCC MOU.
106310) Retail suppliers will include documentation that System Supplies Section 2.5.1 Section 2.2 and Table
they have provided their wholesale supplier(s)-if 2-4
any -with water use projections from that source.
106310) Wholesale suppliers will indude documentation System Supplies Section 2.5.1 N/A
that they have provided their urban water
suppliers with identification and quantification of
the existing and planned sources of water
available from the wholesale to the urban supplier
during various water year types.
10631.1(a) lndude projected water use needed for lower System Water Use Section 4.5 Section 4.4
income housing projected in the service area of
the SUPPlier.
10632(a) and Provide an urban water shortage contingency Water Shortage Section 8.1 Section 8.1.1
10632(a)(1) analysis that specifies stages of action and an Contingency Planning
outline of specific water supply conditions at each
stage.
10632(1K2l Provide an estimate of the minimum water supply Water Shortage Section 8.9 Section 8.4
available during each of the next three water Contingency Planning
years based on the driest three-year historic
sequence for the agency.
10632(1K3) Identify actions to be undertaken by the urban Water Shortage Section 8.8 Section 8.3
water supplier in case of a catastrophic Contingency Planning
interruption of water supplies.
10632(1)(4) Identify mandatory prohibitions against specific Water Shortage Section 8.2 Section 8.1.2
water use practices during water shortages. Contingency Planning
10632(1K5l Specify consumption reduction methods in the Water Shortage Section 8.4 Section 8.1.2
most restrictive stages. Contingency Planning
10632(a)(6) Indicated penalties or charges for excessive use, Water Shortage Section 8.3 Section 8.1.2
where aoolicable. Continaencv Plannina
10632(1)(7) Provide an analysis of the impacts of each of the Water Shortage Section 8.6 Section 8.2
actions and conditions in the water shortage Contingency Planning
contingency analysis on the revenues and
expenditures of the urban water supplier. and
proposed measures to overcome those impacts.
10632(1K8l Provide a draft water shortage contingency Water Shortage Section 8.7 Appendix I -CMWD
resolution or ordinance. Contingency Planning Drought Ordinance No.
44 and No. 46
10632(1K9l Indicate a mechanism for detennining actual Water Shortage Section 8.5 Section 8.1.3
reductions in water use pursuant to the water Contingency Planning
shortage contingency analysis.
10633 For wastewater and recycled water, coordinate System Supplies Section 6.5.1 Section 6.7.1
with local water, wastewater, groundwater, and (Recycled Water)
planning agencies that operate within the
suoolier's service area.
10633(1) Describe the wastewater collection and treatment System Supplies Section 6.5.2 Section 6.7.2
systems in the supplier's service area. Include (Recycled Water)
quantification of the amount of wastewater
collected and treated and the methods of
wastewater disoosal.
10633(b) Describe the quantity of treated wastewater that System Supplies Section 6.5.2.2 Section 6.7.2
meets recycled water standards, is being (Recycled Water)
discharged, and is otherwise available for use in a
recvcted water project.
10633(c) Describe the recycled water currently being used System Supplies Section 6.5.3 Section 6.7.4
in the supplier's service area. I<Recvcled Water) and 6.5.4
10642 The water supplier is to provide the time and Plan Adoption, Submittal, Sections 10.2.1 Appendix A-
place of the hearing to any city or county within and Implementation Notification and
which the suoolier orovides water. Section 10.1
10642 Provide supporting documentation that the plan Plan Adoption, Submittal, Section 10.3.1 Appendix B and
has been adopted as prepared or modified. and Implementation Section 10.2
10644(8) Provide supporting documentation that the urban Plan Adoption, Submittal, Section 10.4.3 Section 10.2
water supplier has submitted this UWMP to the and Implementation
California State Library.
10644(a)(1) Provide supporting documentation that the urban Plan Adoption, Submittal, Section 1 0.4 .4 Section 10.2
water supplier has submitted this UWMP to any and Implementation
city or county within which the supplier provides
water no later than 30 days after adoption.
10644(a)(2) The plan, or amendments to the plan, submitted Plan Adoption , Submittal, Sections10.4.1 and 10.4.2 Section 1 0.2
to the department shall be submitted and Implementation
electronically.
10645 Provide supporting documentation that, not later Plan Adoption , Submittal, Section 10.5 Section 1 0.2
than 30 days after filing a copy of its plan with the and Implementation
department, the supplier has or will make the plan
available for public review during normal business
hours.
2015 Urban Water Management Plan Appendix C
Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft
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June 2016
Appendix D -UWMP Required Tables
2015 Urban Water Management Plan Appendix D
Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft
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June 2016
Public Water System
Number
CA3710005
CMWD 2015 Urban Water Management Plan
Appendix D: DWR Tables
Table 2-1 Retail Only: Public Water Systems
Number of Municipal Public Water System Name Connections 2015
Carlsbad Municipal Water District 28,521
TOTAL 28,521
Volume of
Water Supplied
2015
14,029
14,029
NOTES: This table only reflects potable water connections and deliveries. CMWD's recycled water system has
761 connections, and supplied 3,793 AF in 2015. Note that system losses included in the total volume of water
supplied was calculated for FY2015, while deliveries were recorded for calendar yea r 2015.
D-1
Table 2-2: Plan Identification
G Individual UWMP
D Regional UWMP (RUWMP)
Select One:
0 RUWMP includes a Regional Alliance
0 RUWMP does not include a Regional Alliance
NOTES:
Table 2-4 Retail: Water Supplier Information Exchange
The retail supplier has informed the following wholesale supplier(s) of projected water
use in accordance with ewe 10631.
Wholesale Water Supplier Name
San Diego County Water Authority
NOTES:
Table 3-1 Retail: Population-Current and Projected
Population 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040
Served 86,080 91,935 94,130 96,375 97,239 97,525
NOTES: Projections used 2010 Census data (77.6% of City of Carlsbad population),
2020-2040 projections from SANDAG Series 13 model for CMWD service area, and
a straight line projection from 2010-2020 for year 2015.
Table 4-1 Retail: Demands for Potable and Raw Water-Actual
Use Type
Single Family
Multi-Family
Commercial
Industrial
Institutional/Governmental
Agricultural irrigation
Landscape
Losses
-Additional Description
(as needed)
I
I I I I I I I
2015 Actual
Level of Treatment
When Delivered
Drinking Water
Drinking Water
Drinking Water
Drinking Water
Drinking Water
Drinking Water
Drinking Water
Drinking Water
I •
Volume
••• ..
' . .
NOTES: Actual potable water demands are based on CMWD's 2015 billing data and the AWWA water loss
audit (refer to Appendix F for the complete audit). The AWWA water loss audit was completed for FY2015
as the most recent water loss data available, while billing data are reported in calendar year. CMWD's
temporary potable meters billing category was incorporated into the Single Family use type, while the fire
protection billing category was incorporated into the Institutional/Governmental use type for consistency
ith demand projection categories for 2020 through 2040.
Table 4-3 Retail: Total Water Demands
2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040
Potable and Raw Water 14,029 18,007 19,177 19,465 19,744 19,768 From Tables 4-1 and 4-2
Recycled Water Demand 3,793 5,078 5,078 5,078 5,078 5,078 From Table 6-4
TOTAL WATER DEMAND 17,822 23,085 24,255 24,543 24,822 24,846
NOTES: Recycled Water Demands are discussed in Section 6 System Supplies
Table 4-5 Retail Only: Inclusion in Water Use Projections
Are Future Water Savings Included in Projections? Yes (Refer to Appendix K of UWMP Guidebook)
If "Yes" to above, state the section or page number, in the cell to the right, where citations of the Page 2-5 codes, ordinances, etc ... utilized In demand projections are found.
Are Lower Income Residential Demands Included In Projections? Yes
NOTES:
Table 6-1 Retail: Groundwater Volume Pumped
-Supplier does not pump groundwater.
The supplier will not complete the table below.
Groundwater Type Location or Basin Name 2011 2012 2013 2014 2015
TOTAL 0 0 0 0 0
NOTES:
Table 6-3 Retail: Wastewater Treatment and Discharge Within Serv1ce Area 1n 2015
-No wastewater IS treated or disposed of w1thm the UWMP serv1ce area
The supplier w11! not complete the table below.
2015 volumes
Wastewater Discharge Discharge Wastewater Treat Wastewater location Discharge ID Method of Treatment Dlscha'led Recycled Recycled Treatment Name or location Number Disposal Generated l evel Wastewater Treated Within Outside of Plant Name Description Outside the Treated Identifier (optionol) Service Area? Wastewater Service Area Service Area
Does This Plant
Encina Water Encina Ocean Secondary, Pollution Pacific Ocean Ocean outfall Yes 23,360 22,229 0 0
Control Facility Outfall Undisinfected
Encina Water
Pollution carlsbad WRF Carlsbad WRF Other Yes Tertiary 0 0 1,903 0
Control Facility
Encina Water
Pollution GafnerWWTP GafnerWWTP Other Yes Tertiary 0 0 247 0
Control Facility
Meadowlark CMWD CMWD Other Tertiary 3,673 654 1,643 1,376 No WRF Customers
Total 27,033 22,883 3,793 1,376
NOTES: Wastewater flows reproted in this table are for Fiscal Year 201S. All wastewater flows within CMWD's service area are treated at EWPCF, which discharges to
three facitlities-an Ocean Outfall, the Carlsbad WRF, and Gainer WWTP, the later two of which recycle water for reuse. Sources: 1. EWA, 201S. 2. Robert Scholl,
VWD, pers.comm. May 10, 2016.
Table 7-2 Retail: Normal Year Supply and Demand Comparison
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040
Supply totals 28,526 29,696 29,984 30,450 30,474 (autofi/1 from Table 6-9}
Demand t otals 23,085 24,255 24,543 24,822 24,846 (autofi/1 from Table 4-3)
Difference 5,441 5,441 5,441 5,628 5,628
NOTES: Surplus is non-potable recycled water capacity at Carlsbad WRF. There is no
surplus or deficit for potable supplies.
Table 7-3 Retail: Single Dry Year Supply and Demand Comparison
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040
Supply t otals 29,750 31,000 31,308 31,793 31,818
Demand totals 24,655 25,904 26,212 26,510 26,536
Difference 5,096 5,096 5,096 5,283 5,282
NOTES: Surplus is non-potable recycled water capacity at Carlsbad WRF.
There is no surplus or deficit for potable supplies.
Table 7-4 Retail: Multiple Dry Years Supply and Demand Comparison
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040
Supply totals 29,678 30,923 31,230 31,714 31,739
First year Demand totals 24,562 25,807 26,114 26,411 26,436
Difference 5,116 5,116 5,116 5,303 5,303
Supply totals 30,543 31,844 32,164 32,661 32,688
Second year Demand totals 25,671 26,972 27,292 27,602 27,629
Difference 4,872 4,872 4,872 5,059 5,059
Supply totals 31,443 32,803 33,137 32,831 31,834
Third year Demand totals 26,825 28,184 28,519 28,843 28,871
Difference 4,618 4,618 4,618 3,988 2,963
NOTES: Surplus is non-potable recycled water capacity at Carlsbad WRF. There is no surplus
or deficit for potable supplies and demands in the first or second year of a multiple-dry year
scenario. Potential deficits in potable supplies in the third year of a multiple-dry year would
be addressed with extraordinary conservation and/or expansion of recycled water.
Table 8-2 Retail Only: Restrictions and Prohibitions on End Uses
Restrictions and Prohibitions on End Users Additional Explanation Penalty, Charge,
Stage or Reference or Other
(optional) Enforcement?
Irrigate residential and
1 Landscape -Limit landscape irrigation to specific times commercial landscape No before 10 a.m. and after
6 p.m.
Irrigate nursery and
1 Cll-Other Cll restriction or prohibition commercial grower's No products before 10 a.m
and after 6 p.m.
Other -Customers must repair leaks, breaks, and Repair all water leaks
1 within five days of No malfunctions in a timely manner notification by CMWD
Limit residential and
commercial landscape
2 Landscape -Limit landscape irrigation to specific days irrigation to days Yes
assigned by CMWD
General Manager
Limit irrigation using
sprinklers to length of
2 Landscape -Other landscape restriction or prohibition time determined by Yes
CMWD General
Manager
Water residential and
commercial landscaped
areas not irrigated by an
irrigation system by
2 Landscape -Other landscape restriction or prohibition using a bucket, land-Yes
held hose with positive
shut-off nozzle, or low-
volume non-spray
irrigation
Repair all water leaks
2 Other -Customers must repair leaks, breaks, and within seventy-two Yes malfunctions in a timely manner hours of notification by
CMWD
Stop operating
2 Water Features-Restrict water use for decorative ornamental fountains Yes water features, such as fountains unless recycled water is
used
Limit residential and
commercial la ndscape
3 Landscape -Limit landscape irrigation to specific days irrigation to days Yes
assigned by CMWD
General Manager
Limit irrigation using
3 Landscape -Other landscape restriction or prohibition sprinklers to time limits Yes determined by CMWD
General Manager
Water residential and
commercial landscaped
areas not irrigated by an
irrigation system by
3 Landscape -Other landscape restriction or prohibition using a bucket, land-Yes
held hose with positive
shut-off nozzle, or low-
volume non-spray
irrigation
Stop filing or re-filling
Water Features -Restrict water use for decorative ornamental lakes or
3 water features, such as fountains ponds, except to the Yes
extent needed ot sustain
aquatic life
3 Other -Prohibit vehicle washing except at facilities Yes using recycled or recirculating water
Other-Customers must repair leaks, breaks, and Repair all water leaks
3 within forty-eight hours Yes malfunctions in a timely manner of notification by CMWD
4 Landscape-Prohibit all landscape irrigation Yes
Repair all water leaks
4 Other -Customers must repair leaks, breaks, and within twenty-four Yes malfunctions in a timely manner hours of notification by
CMWD
NOTES:
Table 8-3 Retail Only:
Stages of Water Shortage Contingency Plan -Consumption Reduction Methods
Stage Consumption Reduction Methods by Additional Explanation or Reference
Water Supplier (optional)
All Stages Provide Rebates on Plumbing Fixtures
and Devices
All Stages Provide Rebates for Landscape
Irrigation Efficiency
All Stages Provide Rebates for Turf Replacement
1 Expand Public Information Campaign
3 Moratorium or Net Zero Demand
Increase on New Connections
3 Other Suspension of consideration of annexations to
CMWD service area
3 Other The Board of Directors may establish a water
allocation for property in served by CMWD
4 Other The Board of Directors may establish a water
allocation for property in served by CMWD
NOTES:
Table 8-4 Retail: Minimum Supply Next Three Years
2016 2017 2018
Available Water 15,714 17,338 19,042 Supply
NOTES: Assumes 2016, 2017, and 2018 are multiple-dry years 1,
2, and 3, with demand increasing over normal by 6%, 11%, and
16%, respectively. Normal year demands are assumed as a
straight line projection between 2015 and 2020 to establish
normal year demands for 2016, 2017, and 2017.
I
Table 10-1 Retail: Notification to Cities and Counties
City Name 60 Day Notice Notice of Public
Hearing
City of Carlsbad G 0
60 Day Notice Notice of Public County Name Hearing
San Diego County G G
NOTES:
2015 Urban Water Management Plan Appendix D
Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft
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June 2016
Appendix E -Climate Change Strategies and Vulnerability
Assessment
2015 Urban Water Management Plan Appendix E
Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft
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June 2016
------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------'
Climate Change Planning Study
Table of Contents
~SAN DIEGO
lltagrltld IBIIIRII
Wltlr MIIIIIIIIDt
Chapter 1 Climate Change in Water Resources .................................................................... 1
1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Adaptation Relationship ............................................................................................ 1
1.3 Water-Energy Nexus ................................................................................................ 3
1.4 Legislative and Policy Context ................................................................................. .4
1.5 AB 32 Scoping Plan and CARS Strategies ............................................................... 6
1.6 California Climate Action Registryrfhe Climate Registry ........................................... 7
1.7 Climate Action Plans and Climate Initiatives ............................................................. 7
Chapter 2 Climate Change in IRWM Planning ........................................................................ 8
2.1 DWR Requ irements .................................................................................................. 8
2.2 Adaptation and Mitigation Analysis ........................................................................... 9
2.3 San Diego IRWM Region Climate Change Study ................................................... 10
Chapter 3 Effects of Climate Change on Region ................................................................. 11
3.1 Impacts and Effects on Region ............................................................................... 11
3.2 Identification of Vulnerabilities ................................................................................ 12
Chapter 4 Vulnerability Analysis .......................................................................................... 19
4.1 Vulnerability Prioritization Process .......................................................................... 19
4.2 Vulnerability Prioritization Results ........................................................................... 19
Chapter 5 Climate Change Management Strategies ............................................................ 25
5.1 Identification of Strategies ...................................................................................... 25
5.2 Strategy Prioritization ............................................................................................. 26
5.3 Performance Measures/Metrics for Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies ............... 31
Chapter 6 Recommendations ............................................................................................... 32
6.1 Adaptive Management.. .......................................................................................... 32
6.2 Climate Change Related Objectives and Targets ................................................... 33
6.3 Climate Change in Project Selection Considerations .............................................. 33
References .............................................................................................................................. 35
List of Tables
Table 1: IRWM Plan Standards in Relation to Climate Change .................................................. 9
Table 2: Impacts and Effects of Climate Change on Region ...................................................... 12
Table 3: Climate Change Vulnerability Indicator Questions ....................................................... 14
Table 4: Prioritized Climate Change Vulnerability Issues .......................................................... 19
Table 5: Initial Strategy Prioritization Criteria ............................................................................. 26
Table 6: Tier 1 Climate Change Management Strategies .......................................................... 27
Table 7: Tier 2 Climate Change Management Strategies .......................................................... 29
Table 8: Tier 3 Climate Change Management Strategies .......................................................... 30
Table 9: Additionally Reviewed Climate Change Management Strateg ies ................................. 30
Table 10: Sample Performance Measures/Metrics .................................................................... 31
Table 11 : Climate Change Project Scoring Criteria ................................................................... 34
List of Figures
Figure 1: Climate Change Analysis Process ............................................................................. 1 0
Figure 2: Projected 2050 Coastal Inundation with Sea Level Rise in La Jolla ............................ 21
Figure 3: General Adaptive Management Plan .......................................................................... 33
Appendices
Appendix A-
Appendix B-
Detailed Strategy Prioritization Table
Sample Climate Change Scoring Sheet for Projects
Climate Change Planning Study
Acknowledgements
~SAN DIEGO
lltlgratad I&IIBnal
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Development of the San Diego IRWM Climate Change Study would not have been possible
without the efforts of the San Diego IRWM Climate Change Workgroup and other
contributors, including:
Tim Bombardier, San Diego County Water Authority
Donna Chralowicz, City of San Diego
Linda Flournoy, Sustainability Consultant and Climate Change Workgroup Chair
Sarah Harvey, Equinox Center
Lauma Jurkevics, California Department of Water Resources, Southern Region
Cheryl Laskowski, AECOM
Peter Livingston, County of San Diego
Anna Lowe, County of San Diego
Fiona Lyons, San Diego County Water Authority
Linda Pratt, City of San Diego
Brendan Reed, City of Chula Vista
Leslie Ryan, New School
Jack Simes, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation
Mark Stadler, San Diego County Water Authority
Ann Tartre, Equinox Center
Goldy Thach, City of San Diego
Kathy Weldon, City of Encinitas
ii
----------
Climate Change Planning Study
List of Abbreviations
AB
AF
CalEPA
CARB
CAT
CCAR
CCAS
CEC
CEQA
CH4
CNRA
CO z
DWR
EO
EPA
GHG
HFCs
IRWM
kWh
MMTCOzE
MSHCP
NzO
NF3
OPC
OPR
PFCs
RMS
SB
SDCWA
Assembly Bill
Acre-foot
California Environmental Protection Agency
California Air Resources Board
Climate Action Team
California Climate Action Registry
California Climate Action Strategy
California Energy Commission
California Environmental Quality Act
Methane
California Natural Resources Agency
Carbon Dioxide
Department of Water Resources
Executive Order
Environmental Protection Agency
Greenhouse Gas
Hydrofluorocarbons
Integrated Regional Water Management
kilowatt hours
Million metric tons carbon dioxide equivalent
Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan
Nitrous Oxide
Nitrogen Trifluoride
Ocean Protection Council
Office of Planning and Research
Perfluorocarbons
Resource Management Strategy
Senate Bill
San Diego County Water Authority
iii
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Climate Change Planning Study
SDG&E
SDRIP
SF6
SLR
SWP
SWRCB
TCR
TMDL
TDS
US EPA
WET-CAT
San Diego Gas & Electric
San Diego River Improvement Project
Sulfur Hexafluoride
Sea Level Rise
State Water Project
State Water Resources Control Board
The California Registry
Total Maximum Daily Load
Total Dissolved Solids
United States Environmental Protection Agency
Water Energy Team of the Climate Action Team
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Climate Change Planning Study
1 Climate Change in Water Resources
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This chapter addresses requirements set forth in the Resource Management Strategies (RMS)
Standard in the 2012 IRWM Program Guidelines (DWR 2012). As such, this chapter considers each
RMS listed in the California Water Plan (CWP) Update 2009 (DWR 2009), documents which RMS
will help achieve the IRWM Plan Update objectives, presents all RMS considered for the IRWM Plan
Update, and includes an evaluation of the adaptability of water management systems in the San
Diego IRWM Region to climate change.
1.1 Introduction
Climate change projections have shown that California can expect to be impacted by changes to
temperature and precipitation in the future, and even now California is beginning to experience the
effects of these impacts. Water resource planners already face challenges interpreting new climate
change information and discerning which response methods and approaches will be most
appropriate for their planning needs. This Climate Change Planning Study (Study) examines current
climate change science, policies, and regulations in terms of how they affect the San Diego
Integrated Regional Water Management Region (Region). This Study serves as an initial guide for
the Region to begin incorporating climate change adaptation and mitigation measures into its
Integrated Regional Water Management (IRWM) Plan, where adaptation is how the Region can
respond to climate change effects and mitigation is how the Region can reduce future climate
change effects, and includes the following sections:
• Chapter 1: Climate Change in Water Resources
• Chapter 2: Climate Change in IRWM Planning
• Chapter 3: Effects of Climate Change on the Region
• Chapter 4: Vulnerability Analysis
• Chapter 5: Climate Change Management Strategies
• Chapter 6: Recommendations
1.2 Adaptation Relationship
Climate change is expected to directly impact a number of areas related to water resources, in
particular temperature, precipitation, and sea level rise. As global temperature increases, seasonal
precipitation patterns including the timing, intensity and form of precipitation, are projected to
continue to change. Sea level rise, which has risen about seven inches over the last century due to
warming, is expected to rise further in the future. In order for the Region to adapt to, or protect
against, climate change, it must first identify the impacts climate change is expected to have on the
Region.
These impacts are expected to further impact local water resources as follows (DWR, 2011):
• Temperature increases:
o More winter precipitation falling as rain rather than snow, leading to reduced
snowpack water storage, reduced long term soil humidity, reduced groundwater
and downstream flows, and reduced imported water deliveries
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o Higher irrigation demands as temperatures alter evapotranspiration rates, and
growing seasons become longer
o Exacerbated water quality issues associated with dissolved oxygen levels, increased
algal blooms and increased concentrations of salinity and other constituents
o Impacted habitats for temperature-sensitive fish and other life forms, and increased
susceptibility of aquatic habitats to eutrophication
• Precipitation pattern changes:
o Increased flooding (both coastal and inland) caused by more intense storms
o Changes to growth and life cycle patterns caused by shifting weather patterns
o Threats to soil permeability, adding to increased flood threat and decreased water
availability
o Reduced water supply caused by the inability to capture precipitation from more
intense storms, and a projected progressive reduction in average annual runoff
(though some models suggest that there may be some offset from tropical moisture
patterns increasingly moving northward)
o Increased turbidity caused by more extreme storm events, leading to increased
water treatment needs and impacts to habitat
o Increased wildfires with less frequent, but more intense rainfall, and possibly
differently timed rainfall through the year, potentially resulting in vegetation cover
changes
o Reduction in hydropower generation potential
• Sea level rise:
o Inundation and erosion of coastal areas (coastal bluffs in particular), including
coastal infrastructure
o Saline intrusion of coastal aquifers
o Increased risk of storm surges and coastal flooding and erosion during and after
storms
o Changes in near-shore protective biogeography such as loss of sand, tide pools and
kelp beds
Although the extent of these changes is uncertain, scientists agree that some level of change is
inevitable; therefore, it will be necessary to implement flexible adaptation measures that will allow
natural and human systems to respond to these climate change impacts in timely and effective
ways. Adaptation measures may be implemented in response to climate change impacts that have
already occurred, or expected impacts that are projected to occur. It is important to take note that
water resources decisions made in the future will impact the rate of climate change.
In addition to adapting to climate change, the Region has the opportunity to mitigate against
climate change by minimizing greenhouse gas emissions emitted by water supply and wastewater
activities. The relationship between water resources and greenhouse gas emissions is discussed
further in the next section.
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To understand how water is related to climate change, it's helpful to understand the connection
between water resources planning and energy, which is known as the water-energy nexus. Energy
production accounts for between 30% and 40% of total GHG production in California, and can emit
a number of different types of GHGs. California's Air Resources Board recognizes and inventories
the following GHGs: carbon dioxide (C02), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N20), sulfur hexafluoride
(SF6), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and nitrogen trifluoride (NF3). These
GHGs vary in magnitude in terms of their GHG strength, and therefore are converted to be
equivalent to C02 for the purposes of measuring GHG emissions across the state. C02 emissions (or
the equivalent for other GHGs) are the common measurement for GHG emissions. (CARB, 2013).
Currently, statewide water use accounts for nearly 20% of electricity use, and 30% of non-power
plant related natural gas consumption (CEC, 2006). Water use and energy are linked in at least
three critical ways (CEC, 2011):
1. Water pumping and purification: The amount of energy used to pump water will depend
upon the source (e.g., surface versus groundwater), the distance and height the water must
be moved, and the treatment requirements. For example, pumping water to San Diego
County through the State Water Project, which accounts for nearly 80% of the County's
water supply, uses about 4,600 kilowatt hours (kWh) per acre-foot of electricity (DWR,
2012a), while groundwater pumping typically uses 300 kWh/AF (Cohen, 2007).
2. Wastewater treatment: The amount of energy used in wastewater treatment plant typically
ranges from 1,100 to 4,600 kWh per million gallons of wastewater treated (CEC, 2006).
3. Water heating: In an average California home, 41 percent of the water is used for
dishwashing, faucets, laundry, and bathing water that is often heated.
These amounts, in total, are so significant that we must also count the amount of GHGs from the
fossil fuels that are burned to produce the oil, gas, coal and other combustibles which are then
burned to produce the electricity. Understanding the water-energy nexus in California provides
opportunities to attain significant energy benefits through two primary strategies (CEC, 2006):
1. Conserving water saves the energy that would have been used to convey, treat, and
distribute the water, and energy that may have been needed to collect, treat and dispose of
the wastewater.
2. Reducing the energy intensity of water operations reduces the total amount of energy
consumed in the water sector and ultimately reduces the value of energy embedded in
saved water.
By reducing the energy used through the above strategies, GHG production can be reduced.
It should be noted that, at times, the above processes may also be used to generate energy, such as
through cogeneration at wastewater treatment plants, or capturing energy as water flows downhill.
Concurrently, energy production processes require water for steam production for thermoelectric
power and to cool equipment by absorbing waste heat. Energy conservation in the Region can
reduce this need.
These strategies are reflected in California's legislation and policy regarding climate change
mitigation and greenhouse (GHG) emissions reduction discussed in the remainder of Chapter 1.
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AB 32 also required CARB to prepare a Scoping Plan to identify and achieve reductions in GHG
emissions in California. The approved Climate Change Scoping Plan, adopted by CARB in December
2008, recommends specific strategies for different business sectors, including water management,
to achieve the 2020 GHG emissions limit. The Scoping Plan as it relates to water resources is
discussed further in Section 0 below.
Senate Bill 97
Senate Bill 97 (SB 97) directed the Governor's Office of Planning and Research (OPR) to develop
amendments to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines to determine how
climate change is analyzed in documents required by CEQA. On December 31, 2009, the California
Natural Resources Agency adopted amendments to the CEQA Guidelines and sent them to the
California Office of Administrative Law for approval and filing with the Secretary of State. These
CEQA Guideline amendments became effective on March 18, 2010. The CEQA Guidelines are not
prescriptive; rather they encourage lead agencies to consider many factors in performing a CEQA
analysis, and maintain discretion with lead agencies to make their own determinations based on
substantial evidence.
DWR, in collaboration with the State Water Resources Control Board, other state agencies, and
numerous stakeholders, has initiated a number of projects to begin climate change adaptation
planning for the water sector. In October 2009, DWR released the first state-level climate change
adaptation strategy for water resources in the U.S., and the first adaptation strategy for any sector
in California. Entitled Managing an Uncertain Future: Climate Change Adaptation Strategies for
California's Water, the report details how climate change is currently affecting the state's water
supplies, and sets forth ten adaptation strategies to help avoid or reduce climate change impacts to
water resources.
Central to these adaptation efforts will be the full implementation of IRWM plans, which address
regionally-appropriate management practices that incorporate climate change adaptation. These
plans will evaluate and provide a comprehensive, economical, and sustainable water use strategy at
the watershed level for California.
Executive Order S-13-08
Given the potentially serious threat of sea level rise to California's water supply and coastal
resources, and the subsequent impact it would have on our state's economy, population, and
natural resources, Governor Schwarzenegger issued EO S-13-08 to enhance the state's management
of climate impacts from sea level rise, increased temperatures, shifting precipitation, and extreme
weather events. It requested a California Sea Level Rise Assessment Report to be conducted by the
National Academy of Sciences, which was released in June 2012.
California Climate Adaptation Stratefl.Y
In response to the passage of EO S-13-08, the California Natural Resources Agency released the
report entitled 2009 California Climate Adaptation Strategy that summarizes the best known
science on climate change impacts in the state, assesses vulnerabilities, and outlines possible
solutions that can be implemented within and across the state agencies to promote resilience to
climate change.
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Climate Change Planning Study
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While California has taken the lead in climate change policy and legislation, there have been several
recent important developments at the federal level. On September 22, 2009, the United States
Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) released its final GHG Reporting Rule (Reporting Rule).
Starting in 2010, facility owners that emit 25,000 metric tons of C02 emissions or more per year
are required to submit an annual GHG emissions report with detailed calculations of facility GHG
emissions. These activities will dovetail with the AB 32 reporting requirements in California.
water Code Section 10541
California has included climate change in its water code to ensure that it is considered as part of
water management California Water Code Section 10541 contains requirements for considering
climate change in IRWM Plans. Specifically, it states that the guidelines for IRWM Plans are required
to include:
• Consideration ofGHG emissions ofidentified programs and projects
• Evaluation of the adaptability to climate change of water management systems in the region
1.5 AB 32 Scoping Plan and CARB Strategies
As stated previously, AB 32 required CARB to prepare a Scoping Plan to identify and achieve
reductions in GHG emissions in California, and recommended specific strategies for different
business sectors to achieve the 2020 GHG emissions limit. This Scoping Plan was introduced in
2005, and adopted in 2008. Water use is identified in the AB 32 Scoping Plan as a sector requiring
significant amounts of energy, and sets a goal to "continue efficiency programs and use cleaner
energy sources to move and treat water." This goal recognizes that California has a history of
advancing water efficiency and conservation programs.
The Scoping Plan identifies six greenhouse gas emissions reduction (mitigation) measures for the
water sector that could reduce GHGs if implemented statewide (please note that not all of these
measures may be applicable to the San Diego IRWM Region):
1. Water Use Efficiency: Through increases in water use efficiency measures,
reduce total statewide emissions
2. Water Recycling: Through increases in water recycling, reduce total statewide
emissions
3. Water system energy efficiency: Through increases in water system energy
efficiency, reduce total statewide emissions
4. Reuse of urban runoff: Through reuse of urban runoff, reduce total statewide
emissions
5. Increase renewable energy production: Through the increase in renewable
energy production, reduce statewide emissions
6. Public goods charge: To be determined
The first three of the measures will reduce energy requirements associated with providing reliable
water supplies. The next two measures will reduce the amount of non-renewable electricity
associated with conveying and treating water. The final measure (public goods charge) focuses on
providing sustainable funding for implementing these actions. Other sectors identified in the
Scoping Plan, such as Agriculture and Green Building, recognize that water use efficiency measures
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will help to decrease GHG emissions as well, but do not calculate water use efficiency savings
separately. The Scoping Plan states that to implement these GHG reduction measures, CARB and
other State agencies will work with stakeholders and the public to develop regulatory measures
and other programs.
1.6 California Climate Action Registry/The Climate Registry
The California Climate Action Registry (CCAR) was a program of the Climate Action Reserve which
closed in December 2010. It served as a voluntary GHG registry to promote early actions to reduce
GHG emissions by organizations. CCAR members voluntarily measured, verified, and publicly
reported their GHG emissions. Members of the CCAR have been transitioned over to The Climate
Registry (TCR), which is a nonprofit GHG emissions registry for North America that provides
organizations with the tools to help them calculate, verify, report and manage their GHG emissions
within a single registry. A number of agencies and organizations in the IRWM Region are voluntary
members ofTCR, including:
• San Diego County Water Authority
• City of San Diego
• County of San Diego
• Metropolitan Water District of Southern California
TCR's tools and database are particularly useful to those entities required to report their GHG
emissions according to the EPA's Greenhouse Gas Reporting Rule (74 FR 56260) which requires
reporting of GHG data and other relevant information from large sources and suppliers in the
United States, and went into effect in January 2010. Though primarily affecting facilities that supply
fossil fuels or industrial GHGs, manufacturers of vehicles and engines, this rule also applies to
facilities that are responsible for the emission of 25,000 metric tons or more of GHG emissions per
year, and therefore may apply to water and wastewater utilities, and large water purchasers. In
addition to meeting USEPA requirements, by becoming a member of TCR, a utility, agency or
company may better be able to respond to California's requirements for reporting and reducing
GHG emissions.
1.7 Climate Action Plans and Climate Initiatives
Climate action plans are becoming more common among California's cities and counties. A climate
action plan, which may also be referred to as a climate mitigation and adaptation plan, is a set of
strategies intended to guide efforts for reducing GHG emissions, and typically covers a range of
sectors such as energy, transportation, water, wastewater, solid waste, infrastructure, urban
forestry and agriculture, and public health. Plans may also include strategies to guide efforts for
reducing the impact of climate change effects on the area. Within the Region, the County and a
number of cities and agencies have developed or are developing climate action plans and
adaptation plans:
• County of San Diego Climate Action Plan
• San Diego County Water Authority Climate Action Plan and Climate Mitigation Plan
• City of San Diego Climate Mitigation and Adaptation Plan
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• City of San Diego Long Range Water Resources Plan
• City of Chula Vista Adaptation and Mitigation Plan
• City of Encinitas Climate Action Plan
• City of Escondido Climate Action Plan
• City of San Marcos Climate Action Plan
• Port of San Diego Climate Mitigation and Adaptation Plan
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• San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) Regional Energy Strategy and Climate
Action Strategy
• San Diego Bay Sea Level Rise Adaptation Study
• San Diego Foundation Focus 2050 Study
In addition to the Climate Action Plans developed in the Region, the San Diego Foundation has
developed a Climate Initiative to support community awareness about the local impacts of climate
change. This initiative aims to educate the community about climate change, support climate
change research, partner with local governments to address climate change, and provide technical
assistance for climate action planning. As part of this initiative, every jurisdiction in the County has
completed a GHG emissions inventory.
2 Climate Change in IRWM Planning
2.1 DWR Requirements
As previously discussed, the California Water Code contain language stating that IRWM Plan
guidelines require climate change be considered as part of IRWM Plans. In line with this, DWR has
included a Climate Change Standard in the IRWM Guidelines that requires IRWM plans to include a
"cursory analysis of the effects on the region due to climate change, with the intent that a more
refined analysis be required as additional guidance is made available." To meet these guidelines,
DWR has suggested that climate change be included in IRWM Plans as shown in Table 1.
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Table 1: IRWM Plan Standards in Relation to Climate Change
Plan Section According to Climate Change lnfonnatlon to Include 1
IRWM Plan Standards
Region Description Language that describes likely climate change impacts on the Region as
determined from a vulnerability assessment
Adaptation to climate change:
• Address adapting to changes in the amount, intensity, timing, quality and
variability precipitation, runoff and recharge.
• Consider sea level rise effects on water supply and other water resource
conditions (e.g., recreation, habitat) and identify suitable adaptation
measures. Consider OPC's Sea Level Rise Policy
Plan Objectives Reducing emissions (mitigation of greenhouse gasses)
• Reduce carbon consumption, especially the energy embedded in water
use, and ultimately reduce GHG emissions
• Consider the strategies adopted by GARB in its AB 32 Seeping Plan,
including innovative applications
• Consider options for carbon sequestration where such options are
integrally( directly or indirectly) tied to supporting IRWM Plan objectives
Resource Management Identify and implement adaptation strategies that address region-specific or local
Strategies climate change contributions or impacts
Include the following factors:
Project Review Process • Contribution of the project to adapting to climate change
• Contribution of the project in reducing GHG emissions as compared to
project alternatives
Relation to Local Water Consider and incorporate water management issues and climate change
Planning adaptation and mitigation strategies from local plans into the IRWM Plan.
Demonstrate information sharing and collaboration with regional land use planning
Relation to Local Land Use in order to management multiple water demands through the state (as described in
Planning CWP Update 2009), adapt water management systems to climate change, and
potentially offset climate change impacts to water supply.
Plan Performance and Contain policies and procedures that promote adaptive management. Monitoring
Consider the following:
Coordination • Stay involved in CNRA's California Adaptation Strategy process
• Consider joining The California Registry (www.theclimateregistry.org)
1. Based on 1nformat1on 1n DWR's 2012 Prop 84 and Prop 1E IRWM GUidelines, Appendix C, Table 7
2.2 Adaptation and Mitigation Analysis
In order to meet the IRWM Plan standards discussed in the previous section, the climate change
analysis process shown in Figure 1 was followed. As previously discussed in this Study, climate
change includes both adaptation (responding to climate change) and mitigation (reducing GHGs),
and therefore is reflected in the analysis process below. While both the adaptation analysis and
mitigation analysis include a literature review, strategy identification and performance metrics
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development, the adaptation analysis includes an extra step to identify and prioritize climate
change vulnerabilities. The information gathered through this climate change analysis will be
incorporated into the Region's IRWM Plan update. By working through each of these steps, the
Region can meet the requirements contained in DWR's IRWM Plan Guidelines.
Figure 1: Climate Change Analysis Process
~ ~ ~ __, '
:Adaptation Analysis Mitigation Analysis
t ~ ~ ? -f : > • • I Literature review I I Literature review I • I Vulnerability identification &
prioritization
•
Adaptation strategy identification Mitigation strategy identification
• •
Develop performance metrics for
project prioritization
Develop performance metrics for
project prioritization
~ "" Incorporate into IRV\rl\1 Plan
2.3 San Diego IRWM Region Climate Change Study
To fulfill DWR's requirements and work through the climate change analysis discussed above, the
Region established a Climate Change Workgroup (Workgroup) comprised of various water
resources and planning representatives that have experience in climate change planning within the
Region to work with a consultant to develop this Climate Change Planning Study (Study). In
addition, local climate change efforts, in particular the San Diego Foundation Regional Focus 2050
Study which defines Region-specific climate change impacts, were used in the climate change
assessment.
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Climate Change Planning Study
3 Effects of Climate Change on Region
3.1 Impacts and Effects on Region
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Estimating the impacts of climate change at a regional level is challenging due to the coarse spatial
scale of models that project climate change impacts of temperature and rainfall, and due to the long
time scale evaluated in many models (to the year 2100). Recently, state and local entities have been
working to downscale climate models to allow for climate change planning at a level that can be
useful for planning efforts. The timescale used for these models has also been downscaled to
provide outputs for the year 2050, and though this is still a longer timescale than is used in IRWM
planning, is still useful for assessing climate change.
To incorporate climate change into water resources management, downscaled temperature and
precipitation projections are input into other models, such as hydrologic models, to project impacts
to water supply, water demand, snow pack, sea level rise, and wildfires. The results of these models
have been summarized in a variety of studies and planning documents at the state, regional, and
local levels. As part of this Study, a number of these documents were reviewed to determine which
best represented the impacts for the Region. These documents include:
• Regional Focus 2050 Study (San Diego Foundation, 2008a & 2008b)
• 2010 Urban Water Management Plan (San Diego County Water Authority, 2011)
• Using Future Climate Projections to Support Water Resources Decision Making in California,
(California Climate Change Center, 2009)
• Reconciling Projections of Colorado River Streamflow, Southwest Hydrology (Hoerling et al.,
2009)
Climate change impacts and effects are based on very different climate change assumptions and
analysis approaches. Table 2 summarizes the impacts and effects of climate change on the San
Diego Region by 2050 (unless otherwise indicated), which are typically based on an average of
various climate change analyses. Generally, climate change is expected to increase temperature in
the region. Rainfall projections vary with some projections showing that the Region will receive as
much as 35% less rainfall and some showing up to 17% more rainfall (San Diego Foundation,
2008a). It's generally accepted that storms will be less frequent, but more intense (San Diego
Foundation, 2008a). With higher temperatures and changes in rainfall volume and frequency,
additional impacts will be felt in the Region.
Imported water supply from the State Water Project is projected to decrease by up to 25%
(California Climate Change Center, 2009), while Colorado River Aqueduct supply may decrease by
up to 20% (Hoerling et al, 2009). An overall shortfall of 164,000 acre-feet per year (AFY) in
imported water is expected by 2050 (San Diego Foundation, 2008b).
Preliminary analysis of regional water demand trends in the San Diego County Water Authority
service area indicate that climate change impacts may result in a slight demand increase, between
0.6 and 1.8%, by the year 2035. (SDCWA, 2011).
In currently accepted models, sea level rise is projected to be at least 12 to 18 inches by 2050,
which would both inundate the coast due to the average rise, and impact coastal flood control
during storms (San Diego Foundation, 2008a).
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The changes to climate are also expected to increase the frequency of wildfires. Studies suggest
that there will be a 40% increase in Coastal Sage Scrub acreage burned (San Diego Foundation,
2008a), and that 54% more acreage in the Western U.S. will burn compared to present (San Diego
Foundation, 2008a). Increases in wildfires have the potential to increase sedimentation and
turbidity of surface waters, and increase flash flooding.
Knowing what climate change impacts and effects are projected to have on the Region, it's possible
to determine what water resources in the Region are most vulnerable to climate change. The next
sections identify and prioritize the vulnerabilities to determine how to best apply management
practices. These effects were presented to and vetted by the Workgroup at a meeting held on June
12,2012.
Table 2: Impacts and Effects of Climate Change on Region by 2050
Impact Effect
Temperature • 1.5•F to 4.5•F average temperature increase
• Variable projections predict between 35% drier and 17% wetter
Rainfall
• Increase in variability between years
• Up to 25% decrease in SWP supply
Supply • Up to 20% decrease in Colorado River supply
• 164,000 afy average shortfall in imported supply
Demand • Potential 0.6% to 1.8% increase in demand by 2035
Sea level rise • 12 to 18 inch rise in mean sea level rise
• 40% increase in California Coastal Shrub acreage burned in Southwestern U.S .
Wildfires
• 54% increase in overall acreage burned in Western U.S .
3.2 Identification of Vulnerabilities
Understanding the potential impacts and effects that climate change is projected to have on the
Region allows an informed vulnerability assessment to be conducted for the Region's water
resources. A climate change vulnerability assessment helps a Region to assess its water resource
sensitivity to climate change, prioritize climate change vulnerabilities, and ultimately guides
decisions as to what strategies and projects would most effectively adapt to and mitigate against
climate change. DWR has identified a series of questions to help regions identify key indicators of
potential vulnerability, including (DWR, 2011):
• Currently observable climate change impacts (climate sensitivity)
• Presence of particularly climate sensitive features, such as specific habitats and flood
control infrastructure (internal exposure)
• Resiliency of a region's resources (adaptive capacity)
The Workgroup developed an analysis of the Region's vulnerabilities to climate change at the June
12, 2012 climate change workshop by asking a series of questions suggested by DWR in its 2011
Climate Change Handbook for Regional Water Planning. Table 3 summarizes the analysis, which
includes:
• Vulnerability Question: Taken from Box 4-1 of DWR's Climate Change Handbook
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• Answer: Provided at June 12, 2012 workshop
• Justification: Why Y (yes) or N (no) was selected
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• Vulnerability Issue: What is the climate change vulnerability issue that is identified by
asking the question?
Following this analysis, the vulnerability issues were prioritized by the Workgroup. This activity
and results are described in Chapter 4.
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Climate Change Planning Study
Table 3: Climate Change Vulnerability Indicator Questions
Vulnerability Question Ane-r Juetlflcatlon
Water Demand
Are there major industries that require cooling/process y Electronics and aerospace manufacturing, energy
water in your planning region? generation, research development, pharmaceutical. Biotech
and energy growing. Room for efficiency improvements
Are crops grown in your region climate-sensitive? y Primary crops include avocados, nurseries and citrus which
Would shifts in daily heat patterns, such as how long can be climate sens~ive, but agricultural land use is
heat lingers before night-time cooling, be prohibitive for expected to decrease. Rise in smaller agricultural/urban
some crops? farms/residential gardens, and increased crop diversity.
Decrease in larger agricultural users.
Do groundwater supplies in your region lack resiliency y The small groundwater basins in the Region tend to
after drought events? decrease resiliency. Increasing impermeability reduces
recharge. Sweetwater, Oceanside, EscondidoNista. Salt
water intrusion as water tables drop.
Are water use curtailment measures effective in your y Shortage management activities currenijy in place were
region? effective in meeting demands during the last major drought
which began in 2007. Management measures not previously
considered, such as soil conditions, may provide additional
opportunities.
Does water use vary by more than 50% seasonally in y Water agencies have peaking factors ranging from 2:1 to
parts of your region? 6:1. Some of the higher peaking agencies dependent on
imported water will have reduced peaking as agricultural use
declines and more development occurs.
Are some in-stream flow requirements in your region N Most streams are intermittent; however, some agencies that
either currently insufficient to support aquatic life, or move water between reservoirs via streams have in-stream
occasionally unmet? requirements to protect species during certain times of the
year which impacts when water can be moved.
Water Supply
Does a portion of the water supply in your region come y Imported supplies (SWP, Colorado River) come from
from snowmelt? snowmelt.
Does part of your region rely on water diverted from y Approximately 80% of the Region's supplies are imported.
the Delta, imported from the Colorado River, or
imported from other climate-sensitive systems outside
your region?
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Vulnerability lsaue
Increase in industrial
demand
Increase in agricultural crop
water demand per acre;
small food production use of
permaculture could
decrease per acre use
Lack of groundwater storage
to buffer drought
Perceived limited ability to
conserve further
Limited ability to meet
summer demand
Habitat demand would be
impacted
Decrease in imported supply
Decrease in imported supply
Climate Change Planning Study
Vulnerability Question Ans-r
Would your region have difficulty in storing carryover N
supply surpluses from year to year?
Does part of your region rely on coastal aquifers? Has y
salt intrusion been a problem in the past?
Has your region faced a drought in the past during y
which it failed to meet local water demands?
Does your region have invasive species management y
issues at your facilities, along conveyance structures,
or in habitat areas?
Water Quality
Are increased wildfires a threat in your region? If so, y
does your region include reservoirs with fire-
susceptible vegetation nearby which could pose a
water quality concern from increased erosion?
Does part of your region rely on surface water bodies y
with current or recurrent water quality issues related to
eutrophication, such as low dissolved oxygen or algal
blooms? Are there other water quality constituents
potentially exacerbated by climate change?
Are seasonal low flows decreasing for some water y
bodies in your region? If so, are the reduced low flows
limiting the water bodies' assimilative capacity?
Are there beneficial uses designated for some water y
bodies in your region that cannot always be met due to
water quality issues?
Justification
No, the County has sufficient storage capacity, and is
currently completing an emergency storage carryover
project. It should be noted that there is litHe transfer marl<et
available in California, with a focus of storage in northern
California.
Some brackish groundwater exists near the coast which
limits the use of coastal aquifers.
Drought management plans had to be put into effect. It
should be noted that the Region has never failed to meet its
customers' demands once drought measures were put into
place. Development of additional supplies may reduce the
Region's vulnerability to this issue.
Quagga, Arundo, Tamarisk
Wildfires are a common occurrence in the area, and often
cause increased erosion in the Region's watersheds.
Several water bodies are 303(d) listed for water quality
issues related to eutrophication including the Lake Hodges,
Famosa Slough, Guajome Lake, Lorna Alta Slough, Mission
Bay at the mouths of Rose Creek and Tecolote Creek, lower
San Diego River, Sal Elijo Lagoon, Santa Margarita Lagoon,
Tijuana River, and the Tijuana River Estuary.
At times during the year, the only flow in some streams is
irrigation overflow, which in tum increase the concentration
of constituents.
At times recreation use in some reservoirs is impacted, and
beach closures occur. Wildlife habitat and freshwater habitat
issues as well.
15
~SAN!m!
lltaratld 111111111
Wltlr Ma1111•1t
Vulnerability Issue
Decrease in reliability
Decrease in groundwater
supply
Sensitivity due to higher
drought potential
lnvasives can reduce supply
available
Increased erosion and
sedimentation
Increased eutrophication
Increased constituent
concentration
Decrease in recreational
opportunity
Climate Change Planning Study
Vulnerability Question Answer
Have flood control facilities (such as impoundment y
structures) been insufficient in the past?
Are wildfires a concern in parts of your region? y
Does part of your region lie within the Sacramento-San N
Joaquin Drainage District?
Ecosystem and Habitat
Does your region include inland or coastal aquatic y
habitats vulnerable to erosion and sedimentation
issues?
Does your region include estuarine habitats which rely y
on seasonal freshwater flow patterns?
Do estuaries, coastal dunes, wetlands, marshes, or y
expose~ beaches exist in your region? If so, are
coastal storms possible/frequent in your region?
Do climate-sensitive fauna or flora populations live in y
your region?
Do endangered or threatened species exist in your y
region? Are changes in species distribution already
being observed in parts of your region?
Does the region rely on aquatic or water-dependent y
habitats for recreation or other economic activities?
Are there areas of fragmented estuarine, aquatic, or y
wetland wildlife habitat within your region? Are there
movement corridors for species to naturally migrate?
Are there infrastructure projects planned that might
preclude species movement?
Justification
Flooding (and flash flooding in particular) has been a danger
in certain areas of the Region due to overflowing drainage
channels, low lying areas with poor drainage, and debris
build-up in basins. Some areas identified by the County
include localized areas in Mission Valley, Moreno Valley,
Ocotillo Wells, Lemon Crest, below San Vicente Reservoir,
Ramona, etc.
Wildfires are a common occurrence in the Region.
Not applicable
Erosion and sedimentation issues in Penasquitos Canyon,
San Onofre, Crest Canyon, San Dieguito lagoon, Del Mar
area, Encinitas area,
A number of brackish lagoons exist along the coast
including Batiquitos Lagoon, Buena Vista Lagoon, Agua
Hedionda Lagoon, and San Elijo Lagoon.
Estuaries, coastal dunes, wetlands, marshes and exposed
beaches exist along the entire coast of the region.
Historically, coastal storms have caused erosion.
Numerous species dependent upon the Mediterranean
climate live in the Region
A number of endangered and threatened species exist in the
Region.
Beach tourism, ~eservoir recreation, river trails
Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plans (MSHCPs)
working on ensuring corridors but some need to be created
17
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Vulnerability Issue
Increases in flash flooding
Not applicable
Increased impacts to coastal
species
Decreases in ecosystem
services
Decrease in available,
necessary habitat
Climate Change Planning Study
4 Vulnerability Analysis
~SAN DIEGO
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Once the Workgroup identified the Region's areas of concern in terms of climate change issues, it
was able to begin examining the adaptability of its water resources to climate change by prioritizing
the vulnerability issues. In prioritizing the vulnerability issues, the Workgroup identified those
water resources that are of highest concern to the Region in terms of the significance of the impact
of climate change and therefore the level of adaptation that will be needed.
4.1 Vulnerability Prioritization Process
The vulnerabilities identified were then prioritized during an exercise conducted with the Working
group. Each member selected five vulnerability issues they determined should have the highest
priority in being addressed. In total, the nine members of the Workgroup resulted in 45 votes.
Votes were spread across nearly all of the categories, indicating the Workgroup perceived there to
be a wide range of climate change vulnerabilities. The vulnerability issues were then grouped into
five priority levels ranging from very high to very low according to the number of votes: very high
(nine votes), high (three to four votes), medium (two to three votes), low (one to two votes), very
low (no votes).
At a subsequent meeting held on July 26, 2012, the Workgroup reviewed the results and made
suggestions for refinements that could be made to better align the prioritization with the
vulnerabilities identified in planning documents. These suggestions were incorporated into the
prioritized vulnerability issues which are shown in the next section.
4.2 Vulnerability Prioritization Results
The Region's list of prioritized vulnerabilities developed by the Workgroup is shown in Table 4, and
discussed further below.
Table 4: Prioritized Climate Change Vulnerability Issues
Priority Level Category and Vulnerability Issue
Very High • Water Supply: Decrease in imported supply
High • Water Supply: Sensitivity due to higher drought potential
• Water Quality: Increased constituent concentrations
• Flooding: Increases in flash flooding and inundation (extreme weather)
• Sea Level Rise: Inundation of storm drains and sewer systems
• Ecosystem/Habitat: Decrease in available necessary habitatEcosystem/Habitat:
Decrease in ecosystem services
Medium • Water Demand: Crop demand would increase
• Water Demand: Industrial demand would increase
• Water Supply: Decrease in groundwater supply
• Water Quality: Increase in treatment cost
• Sea Level Rise: Damage to coastal recreation I tourism due to inundation
Low • Water Demand: Limited ability to conserve further
• Water Supply: Lack of groundwater storage to buffer drought
• Water Quality: Increased eutrophication
• Flooding: Increases in inland flooding
• Ecosystem/Habitat: Increased impacts to coastal species
Climate Change Planning Study
Priority Level Category and Vulnerability Issue
Very Low • Water Demand: Limited ability to meet summer demand
• Water Supply: lnvasives can reduce supply available
• Water Quality: Decrease in recreational opportunity
• Sea Level Rise: Decrease in land
• Sea Level Rise: Damage to ecosystem/habitat
• Ecosystem/habitat: Decrease in environmental flows
• Hydropower: Decrease in hydropower potential
Very HiKh Prioritization
~SAN DIEGO lntaoratad Baglanal Water Maaagamant
The water supply vulnerability issue of "decrease in imported supply" was identified by the
Workgroup as the highest priority issue. The Region is highly dependent on imported water with
nearly 80% of its supplies currently coming from the State Water Project and the Colorado River
aqueduct. Given the Region's limited local water supplies and the projected 20% to 25% decrease
in imported water supply, a decrease in imported supply with climate change could have a
significant impact on the Region and is an issue that needs to be addressed.
HiKh Prioritization
Climate change is expected to increase drought potential in the Region. In past years, water
suppliers in the Region have successfully implemented drought management measures in order to
lower demand. However, there are limits on the effectiveness of drought management measures.
For example, tourists visiting the area are not likely to take part in drought management measures.
Taking these issues into account, the Region is expected to be more susceptible to drought
conditions. As drought is expected to increase in frequency and severity, more direct/long-term
measures may be warranted as well as evaluation of revenue impacts to local water districts.
The water quality vulnerability issue of increased constituent concentrations with climate change
was ranked highly as water bodies in the area already require treatment to meet water quality
standards, such as pathogens and nutrients. Climate change is expected to decrease local water
resources in the future, which will increase constituent concentrations leading to difficulty in
meeting water quality standards and increases to treatment cost.
Flash flooding has been an issue for the Region in the past. Foothill areas are especially in danger
from flash floods from large seasonal storms, which become a greater concern as the Region is
prone to wildfires. Given that more frequent and intense storms are predicted as a consequence of
climate change, in addition to increased wildfire risk, increases in flash flooding and inundation are
of high concern.
Regional studies have found that sea level rise is already occurring, and is expected to continue to
rise an additional12 and 18 inches by 2050. This new sea level will inundate a number of low-lying
areas along the Region's coast such as Oceanside, La Jolla, Del Mar, Mission Beach, Coronado Island
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loss of habitat necessary for these species. Of particular concern to IRWM planning is the shift and
loss of riparian and wetland habitat. Riparian habitat will be altered due to decreased flows,
increased water temperatures and increased constituent concentrations. These reductions in
habitat and associated loss of sensitive and endangered species will, in turn, create biodiversity
shifts and increase invasive species.
Ecosystem services provide important functions, such as material cycling and treatment of
stormwater runoff that, if decreased, may result in the need for additional water treatment. As
discussed above, climate change is expected to decrease available necessary habitat. This reduction
in habitat and associated biodiversity shift and increase in invasive species is expected to decrease
ecosystem services in the Region, and could result in additional cost.
Medium Prioritization
Crop water demands are expected to increase with the increased temperatures caused by climate
change. Though the number of acres of agricultural land is expected to decrease slightly in the
future, the net demand for irrigation supply on the remaining acres may exceed current demand
under climate change conditions. Through current jurisdictional plans, notably the County of San
Diego General Plan, it is apparent that agriculture is an important industry to the Region,
particularly smaller agricultural productions and urban farms that provide an economic base and
community character to the Region. Given that agricultural land is decreasing, the Workgroup has
given this climate change vulnerability issue a medium prioritization.
Industrial demand is expected to increase with temperature increases due to the need for cooling
and process water. This vulnerability issue is particularly of concern for industries such as
electronics and aerospace manufacturing, energy generation, research development and the
pharmaceutical industry. Industrial demand increases are of concern in particular as increased
demand in the Region could impact companies' decision to locate their plants within the Region,
which would impact economic development.
Groundwater supply is projected to decline by seven inches per year with climate change. In
addition, sea water intrusion caused by rising sea levels also has the potential to impact
groundwater supply quality, which will reduce the amount of groundwater available for pumping.
Despite these impacts, this vulnerability issue was prioritized as medium since the Region only
obtains a small portion of its supplies through groundwater due to the limited size of the
groundwater basins. This issue may be of a higher priority in localized areas such as the community
of Lakeside, the Marine Corps Base at Camp Pendleton, Pauma Valley, the San Luis Rey River area,
and National City where groundwater is a greater portion of supply.
Total dissolved solids (TDS) levels in reservoirs may increase due to increases in precipitation
intensity, particularly after fires, which would in turn increase the cost of water treatment. The
Region has a number of reservoirs which are downstream of forested watersheds, and are
]}
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lntagratld la111nal Wltlr Mlllllmant
susceptible to increased turbidity due to runoff from the surrounding area. However, this is not
currently a large issues and therefore, the Workgroup rated this vulnerability issue as medium.
As discussed previously, sea level rise is already documented as occurring, and is expected to
continue to rise to between 12 and 18 inches by 2050. This rise in sea level is expected to cause
damage to coastal recreation and tourism areas (such as beaches), though planning efforts such as
the Sea Level Rise Adaptation Strategy for San Diego Bay, are ongoing. As the Region's economy
relies partially on recreation and tourism, this vulnerability issue has been given a medium
prioritization.
Low Prioritization
The Region has already succeeded in implementing a large amount of water use efficiency
measures. These measures have proven to be successful in mitigating against droughts such as in
the severe drought that occurred in 2007. With this in mind, the Region may have difficulty in
conserving further to meet greater drought frequency and intensity. However, additional savings
measures are available and are being incorporated into Urban Water Management Plans and local
climate action plans, which allow the Region to classify this issue as low.
As mentioned under the water supply issue of decrease in groundwater supply, the Region's
groundwater basins are limited in size, meaning there is very limited storage availability in the
groundwater basins for use in buffering drought Despite this, the Region's low reliability on
groundwater makes this issue relatively less of a priority.
Several water bodies in the Region are 303(d) listed for water quality issues related to
eutrophication, including a number of lagoons, Tecolote Creek, lower San Diego River, and the
Tijuana River Estuary. Consequently, it's probable that temperature increases caused by climate
change could increase eutrophication of the Region's water bodies. This climate change
vulnerability was ranked low, however, relative to other water quality vulnerability issues.
Inland flooding was listed as a low priority for the Region, though there has been localized flooding
in low-lying areas caused by insufficient and/or aging flood infrastructure. More extreme storms
due to climate change could cause an increase in inland flooding, but as this is not a Region-wide
issue, it has been prioritized as low as the Workgroup felt that this issue could best be addressed
through local planning efforts.
Coastal dunes, wetlands, marshes and beaches provide unique habitats for the Region's species.
Changes to temperature and precipitation have the potential to impact sensitive species. In
addition, brackish lagoons provide estuarine habitat that depends on seasonal freshwater flow
patterns. Habitat shifts and loss caused by climate change induced sea level rise, coastal erosion,
and changes to freshwater flow patterns could also impact coastal species. Because coastal species
Climate Change Planning Study
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are already protected and because this is a localized issue, the Workgroup decided to classify it as
low priority.
Very Low Prioritization
Increased seasonal temperatures associated with climate change may create a challenge for the
Region in meeting summer demands. However, as this is an issue mainly caused by agricultural and
urban irrigation, it is ranked low compared to other vulnerability issues.
Invasive species in the Region such as Arundo, Tamarisk and Quagga mussels have the potential to
damage water conveyance facilities. Climate change is expected to increase invasive species in the
region, which has the potential to impact water supplies in the future. However, this is not currently
an issues affecting the Region's water supply infrastructure, and therefore is ranked very low.
As previously discussed, climate change is expected to increase constituent concentrations in the
Region's reservoirs and beaches, a number of which are frequently used for recreation. The
Regional already experiences beach closures due to poor stormwater quality which deposits
contaminants in near shore areas. A decrease in water quality could impact this beneficial use of
these water resources. However, because this is a localized issue, it is ranked very low.
Coastal erosion is already occurring in the Region along bluffs and cliffs. The continued rise of sea
level with climate change is expected to continue to erode land along the Region's coast, and could
eventually begin to impact water and wastewater facilities near to the coast, but is a localized issue.
As discussed under the vulnerability issue of increased impacts to coastal species, sea level rise can
be expected to damage coastal ecosystems and habitats. This may occur both through loss of land
and through alterations to freshwater flow patterns. Again though, this is a localized issue.
Aquatic and wetland species often depend upon a minimum flow to survive, and could be impacted
with a decrease in minimum flow caused by climate change. In addition, a reduction in flows may
increase constituent concentrations in the Region's waters that could stress aquatic life. There are a
number of known water quality issues that have the potential to impact species should they worsen
in the future, however, there are currently no minimum environmental flows in the Region's rivers
and streams,
The Region currently generates 40 megawatts of peak hydropower at the Olivenhain Reservoir and
additional hydropower at the Rancho Pefiasquitos Pressure Control Hydroelectric Facility, and is
examining potential for construction of hydropower facilities elsewhere. Alterations to the Region's
hydrology could decrease hydropower generation potential, however, hydropower generation
within the Region is not currently a major electricity source.
24
Climate Change Planning Study
Vulnerabilities Summary
~SAN DIEGO
latagratad BBIIBnal Water Ma1agamant
As can be seen in the above discussion, the Region is faced with a wide range of climate change
vulnerability issues. Should the Region not implement strategies to adapt to these, it would face a
number of risks, such as:
• Insufficient water supply if current dependence on imported supply is maintained
• Inability to meet demand during droughts given increased overall seasonal demands
without increases in long-term operational storage
• Poorer water quality that further impacts beneficial uses and increases treatment needs
• Damage from increased flash flooding and inland flooding
• Coastal flooding and inundation of storm drains and sewer systems due to sea level rise
• Damage to coastal ecosystems and habitats, and associated impacts to sensitive species due
to reduced terrestrial flows and sea level rise
5 Climate Change Management Strategies
The next step in conducting the Region's climate change analysis is to identify appropriate
strategies for adapting to the climate change vulnerability issues identified and prioritized in
Chapter 4. The strategies selected will help the region to respond to or prevent future impacts of
climate change on water resources. These strategies also have the potential to mitigate against
further climate change by reducing the energy used to treat or convey water supplies and reducing
GHG emissions, and some have the potential to provide carbon sequestration. This chapter details
how the Workgroup identified, evaluated and prioritized adaptation and mitigation strategies
relevant to the Region.
5.1 Identification of Strategies
Strategies were identified through the review of relevant climate change related documents. These
documents include:
• California Water Plan (DWR, 2009)
• Managing an Uncertain Future (DWR, 2008)
• Climate Change Scoping Plan (CARB, 2006)
• Climate Action Team Biennial Report (CalEPA, 2010)
• Resolution on Sea Level Rise (OPC, 2010)
• California Climate Extremes Workshop Report (Scripps, 2011)
The California Water Plan contains Resource Management Strategies (RMS) that provide the
primary list of strategies used for this Study. The remaining documents in the above list were
reviewed for additional and/or more detailed versions of the strategies. The Workgroup reviewed
the strategies from the above documents, and discussed them relative to each strategy's potential
for addressing the vulnerability issues prioritized above and mitigating GHG emissions.
25
Climate Change Planning Study
5.2 Strategy Prioritization
~SAN~ Integrated Raulanal Watar Maaaaamant
A series of criteria were used by the Workgroup to refine and prioritize the list of strategies. The
Workgroup first determined which strategies may be infeasible or not currently relevant to the
Region at this time, or were determined not to be desired by the Region, and were not considered
further in the strategy identification process.
Following the acceptance screening process, the strategies were analyzed further by evaluating
each strategy according to the following questions:
• Is the strategy a "no regret" strategy?
• Does the strategy help to adapt to the vulnerability issues identified and evaluated in
Chapters 3 and 4 of this Study?
• Does the strategy help the Region to mitigate GHGs?
By definition, "no regret" strategies are those strategies that would provide benefits today while
also reducing vulnerability to climate change impacts. "No regret" strategies are desirable for
immediate implementation as they will provide some benefit even under the uncertainty of climate
change projections. The strategies were cross referenced with the vulnerability issues discussed in
Chapters 2 and 3 to determine the number and type of climate change vulnerabilities that can be
addressed. In addition, a strategy received a higher priority if it addresses vulnerability issues
vulnerable determined to be high priority. Finally, the strategies were evaluated to determine
whether they would mitigate GHG emissions through energy efficiency, emissions reduction,
and/or carbon sequestration. Appendix A shows the results of this evaluation.
Using this evaluation, an initial prioritization was completed based on the criteria shown in Table 5.
Table 5: Initial Strategy Prioritization Criteria
Tier Criteria
• Considered "no regrer
Tier 1 • Mitigates GHGs/is GHG neutral
• Addresses the imported water (very high) vulnerability
• Included in other local climate change documents
Tier 2 • Mitigates GHGs/is GHG neutral
• Addresses at least 3 vulnerability areas
Tier 3 • Addresses at least 1 vulnerability or mitigates GHGs
This initial prioritization was then presented to the Workgroup at the August 23, 2012 meeting
where the listing of strategies and prioritization were further refined to best represent the needs of
the Region. The final list of prioritized climate change management strategies and definitions is
shown in Table 6, Table 7 and
Table 8 as Tier 1, 2, and 3 strategies. Strategies that were not prioritized as they were determined
to be infeasible or irrelevant for the Region, or would have opposition, are shown Table 9. By
26
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prioritizing these strategies, the Region can better define the types of projects and targets that will
help respond to climate change.
17
Climate Change Planning Study
~SAN DIEGO lntagratad Baaianal Watar Management
Table 6: Tier 1 Climate Change Management Strategies
Strategy Description
Reduce Water Demand
Urban water use efficiency Technological and behavioral improvements that decrease indoor and
outdoor residential, commercial, industrial and institutional water use.
Crop idling for water transfers Remove lands from irrigation (with the aim of returning the lands to irrigation
at a later time) in order to make water available for transfer.
Education Implement outreach program to educate urban and agricultural water users in
water demand reduction practices.
Gray water use Implement gray water use systems to reduce water supply demand.
Rainfed agriculture Transfer crop consumptive use to be supplied directly by rainfall.
Improve Operational Efficiency/Transfers
Improvements to regional and local conveyance facilities that improve
Conveyance -Regional/local conveyance capacity, including locating and widening narrow points that
constrict the movement of water to increase the water transmission capacity
of the entire system, and improve operational flexibility.
Change existing operation and management procedures for existing
System Reoperation reservoirs and conveyance facilities to increase water related benefits from
these facilities. May improve the efficiency of existing water uses or may
increase the emphasis of one use over another.
Increase Water Supply
Conjunctive Management & Coordinate and plan use and management of both surface and groundwater
Groundwater Storage resources to maximize the available and reliability of supplies.
Recycled Municipal Water Increase supply of recycled water through additional wastewater treatment,
and/or expand conveyance of recycled water to end users.
Improve Water Quality
Drinking Water Treatment and Develop and maintain adequate water treatment and distribution facilities, and
Distribution protect the quality and safety of the raw water supply.
Groundwater/Aquifer Remediation Remove contaminants that affect the beneficial use of groundwater. Can
include passive or active methods.
Prevent pollution of local surface waters and groundwater using tools that
Pollution Prevention prevent point and non-point sources of pollution. Examples include water
management actions and projects such as the increase of local flows,
recharge area protection, etc.
Manage salt and salinity in surface and/or groundwater. Examples of methods
Salt and Salinity Management include dilution and displacement, desalination, and salt collection and
storage. The Region is currently working to meet State Salinity/Nutrient
Management Planning Guidelines, and will help to implement this strategy.
Prevent pollution of local surface waters by implementing best management
Urban Runoff Management practices (BMPs) designed to reduce the pollutant loading and reduce the
volumes and velocities of urban runoff discharged to surface waters.
Improve Flood Management
Enhance flood protection through projects and programs that assist in the
Flood Risk Management management of flood flows and to prepare for, respond to, and recover from a
flood.
Practice Resource Stewardship
28
Climate Change Planning Study
Strategy
Agricultural Lands Stewardship
Economic Incentives (Loans,
Grants, Water Pricing)
Ecosystem Restoration
Land Use Planning and
Management
Recharge area protection
Water-dependent recreation
protection
Watershed/Soils/Forest
management
Water-dependent cultural resources
and practices preseNation
Increase urban forest management
Sea Level Rise
Building water facilities in
coordination with land use/sea level
rise (SLR) planning
Description
~SAN DIEGO
lntagratad Rational WatJr Maaagament
ConseNe natural resources and protect the environment by conseNing and
improving land for food, fiber and biofuels production, watershed functions,
soil, air, energy, plant and other conseNation purposes. Can also protect
open space and the traditional characteristics of rural communities.
Provide incentives such as financial assistance, water pricing, and water
market policies intended to influence water management in order to influence
amount of use, time of use, wastewater volume, and source of supply.
Improve the condition of modified natural landscapes and biological
communities to provide for their sustainability and for their use and enjoyment
by current and future generations.
Integrate land use and water management for the planning of housing and
economic development needs of a growing population while providing for the
efficient use of water, water quality, energy and other resources.
Protect recharge areas to ensure that areas suitable for recharge continue to
be capable of adequate recharge rather than covered by urban infrastructure,
and prevent pollutants from entering groundwater.
Incorporate planning for water-dependent recreation activities in water
project, and implement project that protect/create water-dependent recreation
opportunities.
Create and implement plans, programs, projects and activities to restore,
sustain, and enhance watershed functions, soil functions, and forests.
Create and implement plans, programs, projects and activities to preseNe
water-dependent cultural resources and practices
Encourage the planting of trees in urban areas to improve urban water quality
and local supplies.
Integrate water/wastewater resources planning with land use/sea level rise
planning.
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Table 7: Tier 2 Climate Change Management Strategies
Strategy Description
Improve Operational Efficiency/Transfers
Conduct emissions inventory and Create inventory of all emission coming from water/wastewater operations,
target and develop a target for reduction of emissions.
Increase use of renewable energy Use renewable energy sources for the treatment and conveyance of water
sources and wastewater.
Increase Water Supply
Surface Storage -Regional/local Add or increase the storage capacity of surface storage reseNoirs to increase
carryover storage and optimize supplies in drought situations.
Improve Flood Management
Protective Infrastructure Construct flood management facilities to reduce the impact of climate change
enhanced flooding.
Sediment Management Implement sediment management practices to reduce the impact of climate
change enhanced flash flooding.
Sea Level Rise
Protect water facilities through the Relocate or remove water/wastewater facilities that may be impacted by sea relocation or removal of vulnerable
structures level rise.
Protect resources and facilities by Construct seawalls or levees to protect from sea level rise caused by climate
constructing seawalls or levees change.
Protect/restore/create coastal Protect, restore or create coastal wetlands to prevent the loss of wetland due
wetlands to sea level rise.
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~SAN DieGO Integrated Raaianal Watar Maaagamant
Table 8: Tier 3 Climate Change Management Strategies
Strategy Description
Reduce Water Demand
Water Meters Installation Installation of water meters in order to bill customers volumetrically.
Improve Operational Efficiency/Transfers
Treatment and Distribution Improve treatment and distribution efficiency or water/wastewater systems in
Efficiency order to reduce energy usage.
Water Transfers Transfer or exchange of water or water rights that result in temporary or long-
term change in the point of diversion, place of use, or purpose of use.
Localized Treatment Implement localized (or decentralized) treatment of water/wastewater to
reduce the energy required for conveyance.
Shift water use to oft-peak hours Implement policies that will shift water use (e.g. irrigation) to oft-peak hours to
reduce evaporative loss. ,
Optimize Sewer Systems Optimize sewer systems (wastewater or stormwater) to adapt to increased
precipitation caused by climate change.
Increase Water Supply
Desalination (Seawater or Brackish Construct desalination plant to treat seawater or brackish groundwater. Groundwater)
Indirect Potable Reuse/ Implement program that will use recycled water to recharge groundwater, or
Potable Reuse use advanced treated recycled water to augment drinking water supplies.
Table 9: Additionally Reviewed Climate Change Management Strategies
Strategy
Reduce Water Demand
Irrigated Land Retirement
Improve Operational Efficiency/Transfers
Conveyance -Delta
Increase Water Supply
Waterbag Transport/Storage Technology
Precipitation Enhancement
Surface Storage-CALF ED
Dewvaporation or Atmospheric Pressure Desalination
Fog Collection
Matching Quality to Use
Sea Level Rise
Rolling Easements
Expendable/Movable Structures in Risk Areas
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~SAN DIEGO
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5.3 Performance Measures/Metrics for Adaptation and Mitigation
Strategies
The set of strategies evaluated in the previous section were determined to be those that will best
help the Region in responding to and reducing climate change impacts. When implementing these
strategies, it will be necessary to develop performance measures or metrics to assess the
effectiveness of a project in meeting the Region's goals. Though specific measures and metrics will
be defined according a specific project or portfolio of projects, Table 10 provides examples of how
these measures or metrics might be defined according to general water resource perspective. It
should be noted that several of the strategies (the no regret strategies) may apply to additional
objectives in the Region's IRWM Plan, and not solely to adapting to andjor mitigating climate
change. Without specific metrics, it would be difficult to assess the effectiveness of strategies in
responding to climate change. Moreover, some of the strategies implemented to adapt to climate
change are "good planning" for future vulnerabilities and may not be immediately measurable.
Many of the effects of climate change are anticipated past the planning horizon of the IRWM Plan.
To respond to this uncertainty, the Region should update this climate change analysis during each
IRWM Plan update, and implement adaptive management measures which will be discussed in the
next chapter.
Table 10: Sample Performance Measures/Metrics
Strategy Category Sample Performance Measures/Metrlcs
Reduce Water Demand • Average (annual) water demand reduction
• Peak (seasonal, monthly) water demand reduction
Improve Operational • Additional supply
Efficiency • Supply reliability
• Additional supply
Increase Water Supply • Potable demand offset
• Supply reliability
• Salt line migration
• Stream temperature
Improve Water Quality • Dissolved oxygen
• Turbidity
• Pollutant concentrations
• Acres of a certain habitat or floodplain function restored/protected
Improve Flood • Volume of natural flood storage provided
Management • Storm return period used for planning
• Expected damage resulting for a certain return period storm
• Presence/absence of key indicator species
Practice Resource • Acres of a certain habitat or floodplain function restored/protected Stewardship • Volume of natural flood storage provided
• Acres of recharge area protected
• Acres of coastal wetlands created/restored/protected
Sea Level Rise • Miles of pipeline or number of facilities relocated away from coastlines
• Length of coastline protected by seawalls or levees
Climate Change Planning Study
6 Recommendations
~SAN DIEGO
lntagratad IBIIBnal
Water Ma1aaamant
The Region has taken the first steps in planning for climate change by examining current climate
change projections to determine potential impacts, assessing water resource vulnerabilities, and
developing a series of strategies that can be used in projects to adapt to climate change and mitigate
GHGs. Chapter 6 discussed recommendations that may be used to successfully implement these
strategies, including: use of adaptive management, objectives and targets for inclusion in the IRWM
Plan, and project selection considerations for including climate change.
6.1 Adaptive Management
There is a level of uncertainty in projecting the effects and impacts of climate change. To respond to
this, DWR recommends the use of adaptive management in implementing climate change strategies
(DWR, 2011). Adaptive management consists of identifying and monitoring the most important
uncertainties and translating them into risk triggers or early warning indicators. This allows for a
flexible path of actions to take as triggers occur. DWR's Climate Change Handbook recommends the
following steps in developing an adaptive management plan:
1. Identify risk triggers associated with important vulnerabilities or uncertainties
2. Quantify impacts and uncertainties
3. Evaluate strategies and define flexible implementation paths of action that allows for
multiple options at specific triggers
4. Monitor performance and critical variables in the system
5. Implement or reevaluate strategies when triggers are reached
Under Step 1, the Region identifies risk triggers in order to monitor the Region's response to
climate change. Risk triggers can be established deterministically (e.g., a threshold) or
probabilistically (e.g. frequency of exceedance). The quantification of risk triggers are developed in
Step 2, and serve as the basis for the definition of a path for plan implementation under Step 3.
Step 3 involves the definition of an implementation path for the evaluated strategies, and is central
to the adaptive management process. The implementation path incorporates risk triggers over the
course of time to allow the Region to determine what level of climate change adaptation/mitigation
strategy should be implemented. Step 4 of the process, performance monitoring, incorporates
performance measures and metrics used to evaluate water resources projects, and will help to
define whether a risk trigger has been reached. Step 4 leads into the final step of implementing or
reevaluating strategies, Step 5. The general structure of an adaptive management plan can be seen
in Figure 3.
The key to successfully implementing the adaptive management process over time is continued
active participation by stakeholders, and a clear understanding of project objectives. This should
involve ongoing identification, monitoring, and updating of the most important impacts and
uncertainties, and re-evaluation of the Region's vulnerabilities (DWR, 2011).
Climate Change Planning Study
~SAN DIEGO Integrated Baglanal
Water Ma1aaamant
contribute to one of these mitigation measures receive higher prioritization, and projects that
would increase GHGs receive reduce prioritization. In the future, it is recommended that the Region
define a threshold for GHG production or remediation to be used in the prioritization of projects. A
worksheet to assist the Region in scoring projects according to the number of strategies utilized can
be found in Appendix B. In this way, the Region can ensure that projects will help it to both adapt to
climate change vulnerabilities of high concern, and will mitigate against climate change.
Table 11: Climate Change Project Prioritization Criteria
Adaptation Mitigation Priority
Contributes to 2 out of 3 mitigation measures High
Tier 1 Strategy
Contributes to 1 out of 3 mitigation measures High
--Increases greenhouse gasses Medium or Low
Contributes to 2 out of 3 mitigation measures High
Tier 2 Strategy Contributes to 1 out of 3 mitigation measures Medium ·-·
Increases greenhouse gasses Low
Contributes to 2 out of 3 mitigation measures Medium
Tier 3 Strategy
Contributes to 1 out of 3 mitigation measures Low
Increases greenhouse gasses 1 Low
'. . ' 1. M1t1gat1on measures referred to are: energy eff1c1ency, em1ss1ons reduct1on, and carbon sequestration
Climate Change Planning Study
Scripps, 2011. California Climate Extremes Workshop Report.
37
~SANOEGO
Jntaratad 1a11anal
Water MIIIIIIIRt
Appendix F -AWWA Water Audit
2015 Urban Water Management Plan Appendix F
Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft
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June 2016
2015 Urban Water Management Plan Appendix F
Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft
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June 2016
Appendix G -SBX7 -7 Verification Form
2015 Urban Water Management Plan Appendix G
Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft
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June 2016
SB X7-7 Table 0: Units of Measure Used in UWMP*
Acre Feet
*The unit of measure must be consistent with Table 2-3
NOTES:
G-1
SB X7-7 Table-1: Baseline Period Ranges
Baseline Parameter Value Units
2008 total water deliveries 24,460 Acre Feet
2008 total volume of delivered recycled water 3,877 Acre Feet
10-to 15-year 2008 recycled water as a percent of total deliveries 15.85% Percent
baseline period Number of years in baseline period1 10 Years
Year beginning baseline period range 1999 r·., -'~·P·l'' .......
Year ending baseline period range2 2008 :>f"E·-~:::}i r .·. ' Number of years in baseline period 5 Years 5-year Year beginning baseline period range 2003 0,} -ti:i;,.:,·.-~1-baseline period
Year ending baseline period range3 2007 ~r -·r:"":_~, r
1 If the 2008 recycled water percent is less than 10 percent, then the first baseline period is a continuous 1D-year period. if the amount of recycled water
delivered in 2008 is 10 percent or greater, the first baseline period is a continuous 10· to 15-yeor period.
2 The ending year must be between December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2010.
3 The ending year must be between December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2010.
NOTES:
G-2
SB X7-7 Table 2: Method for Population Estimates
Method Used to Determine Population
1. Department of Finance (DOF)
D DOF Table E-8 (1990 -2000) and (2000-2010) and
DOF Table E-5 (2011 -2015) when available
0 2. Persons-per-Connection Method
D 3. DWR Population Tool
0 4. Other
DWR recommends pre-review
NOTES:
G-3
SB X7-7 Table 6: Gallons per Capita per Day
10-15 Year Baseline GPCD 259
5 Year Baseline GPCD 255
2015 Compliance Year GPCD 149
NOTES:
G-8
SB X7-7 Table 7: 2020 Target Method
Target Method Supporting Documentation
0 Method 1 SB X7-7 Table 7A
u Method 2 SB X7-7 Tables 7B, 7C, and 70
Contact DWR for these tables
D Method 3 SB X7-7 Table 7-E
D Method 4 Method 4 Calculator
NOTES:
G-9
SB X7-7 Table 7-A: Target Method 1
20% Reduction
10-15 Year Baseline GPCD 2020 Target GPCD
259 207
NOTES:
G-10
SB X7-7 Table 7-F: Confirm Minimum Reduction for 2020 Target
5 Year Maximum 2020 Calculated Confirmed
Baseline GPCD Target* 2020Target 2020 Target
255 242 207 207
*Maximum 2020 Target is 95% of the 5 Year Baseline GPCD
NOTES:
G-11
SB X7-7 Table 8: 2015 Interim Target GPCD
Confirmed 10-15 year 2015 Interim
2020 Target Baseline GPCD Target GPCD
207 259 233
NOTES:
G-12
2015 Urban Water Management Plan AppendixG
Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft
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June 2016
Appendix H -Energy Intensity Technical Memorandum
2015 Urban Water Management Plan Appendix H
Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft
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June 2016
Attachment A: Table 01-8
March 2016
Appendix I -CMWD Drought Ordinance No. 44 and No. 46
2015 Urban Water Management Plan Appendix I
Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft
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June 2016
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£x_hib\t
ORDINANCE NO. 44
AN ORDINANCE OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE
CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT ADOPTING A
DROUGHT RESPONSE PLAN AND WATER CONSERVATION
PROGRAM AND REPEALING ORDINANCE NO 35
WHEREAS, article 10, section 2 of the California Constitution declares that waters of the
State are to be put to beneficial use, that waste, unreasonable use, or unreasonable method of
use of water be prevented, and that water be conserved for the public welfare; and
WHEREAS, conservation of current water supplies and minimization of the effects of
water supply shortages that are the result of drought are essential to the public health, safety
and welfare; and
WHEREAS, regulation of the time of certain water use, manner of certain water use,
design of rates, method of application of water for certain uses, installation and use of water-
saving devices, provide an effective and immediately available means of conserving water; and
WHEREAS, California Water Code sections 375 et seq. authorize water suppliers to
adopt and enforce a comprehensive water conservation program; and
WHEREAS, adoption and enforcement of a comprehensive water conservation program
will allow the Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD) to delay or avoid implementing
measures such as water rationing or more restrictive water use regulations pursuant to a
declared water shortage emergency as authorized by California Water Code sections 350 et
seq.; and
WHEREAS, San Diego County is a semi-arid region and local water resources are
scarce. The region is dependent upon imported water supplies provided by the San Diego
County Water Authority, which obtains a substantial portion of its supplies from the Metropolitan
Water District of Southern California. Because the region is dependent upon imported water
supplies, weather and other conditions in other portions of this State and of the Southwestern
United States affect the availability of water for use in San Diego County; and
WHEREAS, the San Diego County Water Authority has adopted an Urban Water
Management Plan that includes water conservation as a necessary and effective component of
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the Water Authority's programs to provide a reliable supply of water to meet the needs of the
Water Authority's 24 member public agencies, including the CMWD. The Water Authority's
Urban Water Management Plan also includes a contingency analysis of actions to be taken in
response to water supply shortages. This ordinance is consistent with the Water Authority's
Urban Water Management Plan; and
WHEREAS, as anticipated by its Urban Water Management Plan, the San Diego County
Water Authority, in cooperation and consultation with its member public agencies, has adopted
a Drought Management Plan, which establishes a progressive program for responding to water
supply limitations resulting from drought conditions. This ordinance is intended to be consistent
with and to implement the Water Authority's Drought Management Plan; and
WHEREAS, the Water Authority's Drought Management Plan contains three stages
containing regional actions to be taken to lessen or avoid supply shortages. This ordinance
contains drought response levels that correspond with the Drought Management Plan stages;
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and its dependence upon water imported and provided by the San Diego County Water
Authority, may experience shortages due to drought conditions, regulatory restrictions enacted
upon imported supplies and other factors. The Board of Directors of CMWD has adopted an
Urban Water Management Plan that includes water conservation as a necessary and effective
component of its programs to provide a reliable supply of water to meet the needs of the public
within its service territory. The CMWD's Urban Water Management Plan also includes a
contingency analysis of actions to be taken in response to water supply shortages. This
ordinance is consistent with the Urban Water Management Plan adopted by the Board of
Directors of CMWD; and
WHEREAS the water conservation measures and progressive restrictions on water use
and method of use identified by this ordinance provide certainty to water users and enable
CMWD to control water use, provide water supplies, and plan and implement water
management measures in a fair and orderly manner for the benefit of the public;
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NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Board of Directors of the Carlsbad
Municipal Water District of the City of Carlsbad, California, as follows:
1.
2.
SECTION 1.0
That the above recitations are true and correct.
The Board of Directors of the Carlsbad Municipal Water District of the City of
Carlsbad, California, hereby ordains as follows:
DECLARATION OF NECESSITY AND INTENT
(a} This ordinance establishes water management requirements necessary to conserve water,
enable effective water supply planning, assure reasonable and beneficial use of water, prevent
waste of water, prevent unreasonable use of water, prevent unreasonable method of use of
water within the CMWD in order to assure adequate supplies of water to meet the needs of the
public, and further the public health, safety, and welfare, recognizing that water is a scarce
natural resource that requires careful management not only in times of drought, but at all times.
(b) This ordinance establishes regulations to be implemented during times of declared water
shortages, or declared water shortage emergencies. It establishes four levels of drought
response actions to be implemented in times of shortage, with increasing restrictions on water
use in response to worsening drought conditions and decreasing available supplies.
(c) Level1 condition drought response measures are voluntary and will be reinforced through
14 local and regional public education and awareness measures that may be funded in part by
CMWD.
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(d) During drought response condition Levels 2 through 4, all conservation measures and
16 water-use restrictions are mandatory and become increasingly restrictive in order to attain
escalating conservation goals.
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SECTION 2.0 DEFINITIONS
(a) The following words and phrases whenever used in this chapter shall have the meaning
defined in this section:
1. "Grower" refers to those engaged in the growing or raising, in conformity with recognized
practices of husbandry, for the purpose of commerce, trade, or industry, or for use by public
educational or correctional institutions, of agricultural, horticultural or floricultural products,
and produced: (1) for human consumption or for the market, or (2} for the feeding of fowl or
livestock produced for human consumption or for the market, or (3} for the feeding of fowl or
livestock for the purpose of obtaining their products for human consumption or for the
market. "Grower'" does not refer to customers who purchase water subject to the
Metropolitan Interim Agricultural Water Program or the Water Authority Special Agricultural
Rate programs.
2. "Water Authority" or "CWA" means the San Diego County Water Authority.
3. "DMP'" means the Water Authority's Drought Management Plan in existence on the
effective date of this ordinance and as readopted or amended from time to time, or an
equivalent plan of the Water Authority to manage or allocate supplies during shortages.
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4. ·Metropolitan" or "MWO" means the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California.
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5. NPerson• means any natural person, corporation, public or private entity, public or private
3 association, public or private agency, government agency or institution, school district,
college, university, or any other user of water provided by the CMWO.
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6. "District" or "CMWD" means the Carlsbad Municipal Water District.
SECTION3.0 WATER WASTE PROHIBITIONS
The following water conservation measures will be in effect at all times:
1. Washing down impervious surfaces, including but not limited to sidewalks, driveways,
parking lots, tennis courts, or patios with water from a pressurized source, such as a garden
hose, except when it is necessary to alleviate safety or sanitation hazards. When used in
this section impervious surface means any surface covered with non-porous material.
2. Water waste resulting from inefficient landscape irrigation, such as runoff, low head
drainage, or overspray, etc. is prohibited. Water flows onto non-targeted areas, such as
adjacent property, non-irrigated areas, hardscapes, roadways, or structures is prohibited.
3. Use a hand-held hose equipped with a positive shut-off nozzle or bucket to water
landscaped areas, including trees and shrubs located on residential and commercial
properties that are not irrigated by a landscape irrigation system.
4. Use re-circulated water to operate ornamental fountains.
5. Wash vehicles using a bucket and a hand-held hose with positive shut-off nozzle or a
mobile high pressure/low volume wash system.
6. Serve and refill water in restaurants and other food service establishments only upon
request.
7. Offer guests in hotels, motels, and other commercial lodging establishments the option of
not laundering towels and linens daily.
8. Use recycled or non-potable water for construction purposes when available.
9. Single pass-through cooling systems as part of new water service connections will be
prohibited. Non-recirculating systems in all new conveyer car wash and commercial laundry
systems will also be prohibited.
10. The excess use, loss or escape of water through breaks, leaks or other, malfunctions in
the water user's plumbing or distribution system for any period of time after such escape of
water could have reasonably been discovered and corrected.
SECTION4.0 APPLICATION
(a) The provisions of this ordinance apply to any person in the use of any water provided by the
CMWO.
(b) This ordinance is intended solely to further the conservation of water. It is not intended to
1 implement any provision of federal, State, or local statutes, ordinances, or regulations relating to
protection of water quality or control of drainage or runoff. Refer to the local jurisdiction or
2 Regional Water Quality Control Board for information on any stormwater ordinances and
stormwater management plans.
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(c) Nothing in this ordinance is intended to affect or limit the ability of the CMWD to declare and
4 respond to an emergency, including an emergency that affects the ability of the CMWD to
supply water.
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(d) The provisions of this ordinance do not apply to use of water from private wells or to recycled
6 water.
7 (e) Nothing in this ordinance shall apply to use of water that is subject to a special supply
program, such as the Metropolitan Interim Agricultural Water Program or the Water Authority
8 Special Agricultural Rate programs. Violations of the conditions of special supply programs are
subject to the penalties established under the applicable program. A person using water subject
9 to a special supply program and other water provided by the CMWD is subject to this ordinance
in the use of the other water.
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SECTION 5.0 AUTHORIZATION
The District General Manager, or a designated representative, is hereby authorized and directed
to implement the provisions of this ordinance.
SECTION 6.0 DROUGHT RESPONSE LEVEL 1 -DROUGHT WATCH CONDITION
{a) A Drought Response Level1 condition is also referred to as a MDrought Watch" condition. A
Level 1 condition may apply when the Water Authority notifies its member agencies that due to
drought or other supply reductions, there is a reasonable probability there will be supply
shortages and that a consumer demand reduction of up to 10 percent is required in order to
ensure that sufficient supplies will be available to meet anticipated demands. The Executive
Manager upon recommendation of the General Manager shall declare the existence of a
Drought Response Level 1 and take action to implement the Level 1 conservation practices
identified in this ordinance.
(b) During a Level1 Drought Watch condition, CMWD will increase its public education and
outreach efforts to emphasize increased public awareness of the need to implement the
following water conservation practices.
1. Irrigate residential and commercial landscape before 10 a.m. and after6 p.m. only.
2. Irrigate nursery and commercial grower's products before 10 a.m. and after 6 p.m. only.
Watering is permitted at any time with a hand-held hose equipped with a positive shut-off
nozzle, a bucket, or when a drip/micro-irrigation system/equipment is used. Irrigation of
nursery propagation beds is permitted at any time. Watering of livestock is permitted at any
time.
3. Repair all water leaks within five (5) days of notification by the CMWD unless other
arrangements are made with the General Manager or Designee.
SECTION 7.0 DROUGHT RESPONSE LEVEL 2-DROUGHT ALERT CONDITION
{a) A Drought Response Level 2 condition is also referred to as a "Drought Alert" condition. A
Level 2 condition may apply when the Water Authority notifies its member agencies that due to
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cutbacks caused by drought or other reduction in supplies, a consumer demand reduction of up
to 20 percent is required in order to have sufficient supplies available to meet anticipated
demands. The CMWD Board of Directors shall declare the existence of a Drought Response
Level 2 condition and implement the mandatory Level 2 conservation measures identified in this
ordinance.
(b) All persons using CMWD water shall comply with Level1 Qrought Watch water conservation
practices during a Level 2 Drought Alert, and shall also comply with the following additional
conservation measures: ·
1. Limit residential and commercial landscape irrigation to no more than three (3) assigned
days per week on a schedule established by the General Manager and posted by the
CMWD. During the months of November through May, landscape irrigation is limited to no
more than once per week on a schedule established by the General Manager and posted by
the CMWD. This section shall not apply to commercial growers or nurseries.
2. Limit lawn watering and landscape irrigation using sprinklers to no more than ten (10)
minutes per watering station per assigned day. This provision does not apply to landscape
irrigation systems using water efficient devices, including but not limited to: weather based
controllers, drip/micro-irrigation systems and stream rotor sprinklers.
3. Water landscaped areas, including trees and shrubs located on residential and
commercial properties, and not irrigated by a landscape irrigation system governed by
section 5 (b) (1), on the same schedule set forth in section 5 (b) (1) by using a bucket, hand-
held hose with positive shut-off nozz.le, or low-volume non-spray irrigation.
4. Repair all leaks within seventy-two (72) hours of notification by the CMWD unless other
arrangements are made with the General Manager or Designee.
5. Stop operating ornamental fountains or similar decorative water features unless recycled
water is used.
SECTION 8.0 DROUGHT RESPONSE LEVEL 3-DROUGHT CRITICAL CONDITION
(a) A Drought Response Level3 condition is also referred to as a "Drought Critical" condition. A
Level 3 condition may apply when the Water Authority notifies its member agencies that due to
increasing cutbacks caused by drought or other reduction of supplies, a consumer demand
reduction of up to 40 percent is required in order to have sufficient supplies available to meet
anticipated demands. The CMWD Board of Directors shall declare the existence of a Drought
Response Level 3 condition and implement the Level 3 conservation measures identified in this
ordinance.
(b) All persons using CMWD water shall comply with Level1 Drought Watch and Level 2
Drought Alert water conservation practices during a Level 3 Drought Critical condition and shall
also comply with the following additional mandatory conservation measures:
1. Limit residential and commercial landscape irrigation to no more than two (2) assigned
days per week on a schedule established by the General Manager and posted by the
CMWD. During the months of November through May, landscape irrigation is limited to no
more than once per week on a schedule established by the General Manager and posted by
theCMWO.
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1 2. Limit lawn watering and landscape irrigation using sprinklers to no more than ten (10)
minutes per watering station per assigned day. This section shall not apply to commercial
2 growers or nurseries.
3 3. Water landscaped areas, including trees and shrubs located on residential and
commercial properties, and not irrigated by a landscape irrigation system governed by
4 section 6 (b) (1), on the same schedule set forth in section 6 (b) (1) by using a bucket, hand-
held hose with a positive shut-off nozzle, or low-volume non-spray irrigation.
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4. Stop filling or re-filling ornamental lakes or ponds, except to the extent needed to sustain
6 aquatic life, provided that such animals are of significant value and have been actively
managed within the water feature prior to declaration of a drought response level under this
7 ordinance.
8 5. Stop washing vehicles except at commercial carwashes that re-circulate water, or by high
pressure/low volume wash systems.
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6. Repair all leaks within forty-eight (48) hours of notification by the CMWD unless other
arrangements are made with the General Manager or Designee.
(c) Upon the declaration of a Drought Response Level3 condition, no new potable water service
shall be provided, no new temporary meters or permanent meters shall be provided, and no
statements of immediate ability to serve or provide potable water service (such as, will serve
letters, certificates, or letters of availability) shall be issued, except under the following
circumstances:
1. A valid, unexpired building permit has been issued for the project; or
2. The project is necessary to protect the public's health, safety, and welfare; or
3. The applicant provides substantial evidence of an enforceable commitment that water
demands for the project will be offset prior to the provision of a new water meter(s).
This provision shall not be construed to preclude the resetting or tum-on of meters to provide
continuation of water service or to restore service that has been interrupted for a period of one
year or less.
(d) Upon the declaration of a Drought Response Level3 condition, the Board of Directors of
CMWD will suspend consideration of annexations to its service area.
(e) The Board of Directors of CMWD may establish a water allocation for property served by
the CMWD taking into consideration a method that does not penalize persons for the
implementation of conservation methods or the installation of water saving devices. If the Board
of Directors of CMWD establishes a water allocation notice of the allocation shall be provided by
including it in the regular billing statement for the fee or charge or by any other mailing to the
address to which the CMWO customarily mails the billing statement for fees or charges for on-
going water service. Following the effective date of the water allocation as established by the
Board of Directors of CMWD, any person that uses water in excess of the allocation shall be
subject to a penalty in the amount equal to the penalty rate established by the Metropolitan
Water District for each billing unit of water in excess of the allocation. The penalty for excess
water usage shall be cumulative to any other remedy or penalty that may be imposed for
violation of this ordinance.
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SECTION 9.0 DROUGHT RESPONSE LEVEL 4-DROUGHT EMERGENCY
CONDITION
(a) A Drought Response Level4 condition is also referred to as a "Drought Emergency"
3 condition. A Level 4 condition may apply when the Water Authority Board of Directors declares
a water shortage emergency pursuant to California Water Code section 350 and notifies its
4 member agencies that Level 4 requires a demand reduction of more than 40 percent in order for
the CMWD to have maximum supplies available to meet anticipated demands. The CMWD
5 Board of Directors shall declare a Drought Emergency in the manner and on the grounds
provided in California Water Code section 350.
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(b) All persons using CMWD water shall comply with conservation measures required during
7 Level 1 Drought Watch, Level 2 Drought Alert, and Level 3 Drought Critical conditions and shall
also comply with the following additional mandatory conservation measures:
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1. Stop all landscape irrigation, except crops and landscape products of commercial growers
and nurseries. This restriction shall not apply to the following categories of use unless the
CMWD has determined that recycled water is available and may be lawfully applied to the
use.
A. Maintenance of trees and shrubs that are watered on the same schedule set forth in
section 6 (b) (1) by using a bucket, hand-held hose with a positive shut-off nozzle, or
low-volume non-spray irrigation;
B. Maintenance of existing landscaping necessary for fire protection as specified by the
Fire Marshal of the local fire protection agency having jurisdiction over the property to be
irrigated;
C. Maintenance of existing landscaping for erosion control;
D. Maintenance of plant materials identified to be rare or essential to the well being of
rare animals;
E. Maintenance of landscaping within active public parks and playing fields, day care
centers, school grounds, cemeteries, and golf course greens, provided that such
irrigation does not exceed two (2) days per week according to the schedule established
under section 6 (b) (1);
F. Watering of livestock; and
G. Public works projects and actively irrigated environmental mitigation projects.
2. Repair all water leaks within twenty-four (24) hours of notification by the CMWD unless
other arrangements are made with the General Manager or Designee.
3. The District may install a flow restricting device for services of up to one and one-half
inch (1 -112") size and comparatively sized restrictors for larger services upon a prior
determination that the customer has repeatedly violated the provisions of this Ordinance and
that such action is reasonably necessary to assure compliance with this ordinance.
Any willful tampering with or removal of any flow restriction devise may result in termination
of service for a period to be determined in writing by the General Manager.
1 Prior to any restoration of service, the customer may pay all District charges for any
restriction of service and its restoration as provided for in the District's rules governing water
2 service.
3 (c) The CMWD may establish a water allocation for property served by the CMWD. If the
CMWD establishes a water allocation it shall provide notice of the allocation by including it in the
4 regular billing statement for the fee or charge or by any other mailing to the address to which the
CMWD customarily mails the billing statement for fees or charges for on-going water service.
5 Following the effective date of the water allocation as established by the CMWD, any person
that uses water in excess of the allocation shall be subject to a penaHy in the amount equal to
6 the penaHy rate established by the Metropolitan Water District for each billing unit of water in
excess of the allocation. The penaHy for excess water usage shall be cumulative to any other
7 remedy or penalty that may be imposed for violation of this ordinance.
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SECTION 10.0 CORRELATION BETWEEN DROUGHT MANAGEMENT PLAN AND
DROUGHT RESPONSE LEVELS
(a) The correlation between the Water Authority's DMP stages and the CMWD's drought
response levels identified in this ordinance is described herein. Under DMP Stage 1, the
CMWD may implement Drought Response Level 1 actions. Under DMP Stage 2, the CMWD
may implement Drought Response Level 1 or Level 2 actions. Under DMP Stage 3, the CMWD
may implement Drought Response Level 2, Level 3, or Level 4 actions.
(b) The drought response levels identified in this ordinance correspond with the Water Authority
DMP as identified in the following table:
Drought Response Use Conservation DMP
Levels Restrictions Target Stage
1 -Drought Watch Voluntary Up to 10% Stage 1 or
2
2 -Drought Alert Mandatory Upto20% Stage 2 or
3
3 -Drought Critical Mandatory Upto40% Stage 3
4 -Drought Emergency Mandatory Above40% Stage 3
SECTION 11 .0 PROCEDURES FOR DETERMINATION AND NOTICATION OF
DROUGHT RESPONSE LEVEL
(a) The existence of a Drought Watch condition may be declared by the Executive Manager
upon a written determination of the existence of the facts and circumstances supporting the
determination. A copy of the written determination shall be filed with the Secretary of the
CMWD and provided to the CMWD Board of Directors. The CMWD may publish a notice of the
determination of existence of Drought Response Level 1 condition in one or more newspapers,
including a newspaper of general circulation within the CMWD. The CMWD may also post
notice of the condition on their website.
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(b) The existence of Drought Response level2 or level3 conditions may be declared by
resolution of the CMWD Board of Directors adopted at a regular or special public meeting held
in accordance with State law. The mandatory conservation measures applicable to Drought
Response level2 or level 3 conditions shall take effect on the tenth (10) day after the date the
response level is declared. Within five (5) days following the declaration of the response level,
the CMWD shall publish a copy of the resolution in a newspaper used for publication of official
notices.
(c) The existence of a Drought Response level4 condition may be declared in accordance
with the procedures specified in California Water Code sections 351 and 352. The mandatory
conservation measures applicable to Drought Response level 4 conditions shall take effect on
the tenth (10) day after the date the response level is declared. Within five (5) days following
the declaration of the response level, the CMWD shall publish a copy of the resolution in a
newspaper used for publication of official notices. If the CMWD establishes a water allocation, it
shall provide notice of the allocation by including it in the regular billing statement for the fee or
charge or by any other mailing to the address to which the CMWD customarily mails the billing
statement for fees or charges for on-going water service. Water allocation shall be effective on
the fifth (5) day following the date of mailing or at such later date as specified in the notice.
(d) The CMWD Board of Directors may declare an end to a Drought Response level by the
adoption of a resolution at any regular or special meeting held in accordance with State law.
SECTION 12.0 HARDSHIP VARIANCE
(a) If, due to unique circumstances, a specific requirement of this ordinance would result in
undue hardship to a person using agency water or to property upon which agency water is
used, that is disproportionate to the impacts to CMWD water users generally or to similar
property or classes of water uses, then the person may apply for a variance to the requirements
as provided in this section.
(b) The variance may be granted or conditionally granted, only upon a written finding of the
existence of facts demonstrating an undue hardship to a person using agency water or to
property upon with agency water is used, that is disproportionate to the impacts to CMWD water
users generally or to similar property or classes of water use due to specific and unique
circumstances of the user or the user's property.
1. Application. Application for a variance shall be a form prescribed by the General
Manager of the CMWD and shall be accompanied by a non-refundable processing fee in an
amount set by resolution of the CMWD Board of Directors.
2. Supporting Documentation. The application shall be accompanied by photographs,
maps, drawings, and other information, including a written statement of the applicant.
3. Required Findings for Variance. An application for a variance shall be denied unless the
General Manager finds, based on the information provided in the application, supporting
documents, or such additional information as may be requested, and on water use
information for the property as shown by the records of the CMWD, all of the following:
A. That the variance does not constitute a grant of special privilege inconsistent with the
limitations upon other CMWD customers.
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B. That because of special circumstances applicable to the person, property or its use,
the strict application of this ordinance would have a disproportionate impact on the
person, property or use that exceeds the impacts to customers generally.
C. That the authorizing of such variance will not be of substantial detriment to adjacent
properties, and will not materially affect the ability of the CMWD to effectuate the
purpose of this chapter and will not be detrimental to the public interest.
D. That the condition or situation of the subject person, property or the intended use of
the property for which the variance is sought is not common, recurrent or general in
nature.
4. Approval Authority. The General Manager or Designee shall exercise approval authority
and act upon any completed application no later than 10 days after submittal and may
approve, conditionally approve, or deny the variance. The applicant requesting the variance
shall be promptly notified in writing of any action taken. Unless specified otherwise at the
time a variance is approved, the variance applies to the subject property during the term of
the mandatory drought response.
5. Appeals to CMWD Executive Manager or Designee(s). An applicant may appeal a
decision or condition of the General Manager on a variance application to the CMWD
Executive Manager or Designee(s) within 10 days of the decision upon written request for a
hearing. The request shall state the grounds for the appeal. At the appeal hearing, the
CMWD Executive Manager or Designee(s) shall act as the approval authority and review the
appeal de novo by following the regular variance procedure. The decision of the CMWD
Executive Manager or Designee(s) is final.
SECTION 13.0 VIOLATIONS AND PENAL TIES
(a) Any person, who uses, causes to be used, or permits the use of water in violation of this
ordinance is guilty of an offense punishable as provided herein.
(b) Each day that a violation of this ordinance occurs is a separate offense.
(c) Administrative fines may be levied for each violation of a provision of this ordinance as
follows:
1. For the first violation by any customer of any of the provisions of this Ordinance the
District shall verbally notice the fact of such violation to the customer.
2. For a second violation by any customer of any of the provisions of this Ordinance the
District shall issue a written notice of the fact of such violation to the customer.
3. For a third violation by a customer of any provision of this Ordinance the District may
install a flow restricting device of one gallon per minute (1 GPM) capacity for services of up
to one and one-half inch (1-1/2w) size and comparatively sized restrictors for larger services
upon a prior determination that the customer has repeatedly violated the provisions of this
Ordinance regarding the conservation of water and that such action is reasonably necessary
to assure compliance with this Ordinance regarding the conservation of water. In addition,
the District may levy an administrative fine of one hundred dollars.
4. Two hundred dollars for a fourth violation of any provision of this ordinance within one
year.
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5. Five hundred dollars for each additional violation of this ordinance within one year.
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(d) If determined by General Counsel to be necessary and appropriate, in lieu of administrative
3 remedies above, each violation of this ordinance may be prosecuted as a misdemeanor
punishable by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than thirty (30) days or by a fine not
4 exceeding $1 ,000, or by both as provided in Water Code section 377.
5 (e) Willful violations of the mandatory conservation measures and water use restrictions as set
forth in Section 7.0 and applicable during a Stage 4 Drought Emergency condition may be
6 enforced by discontinuing service to the property at which the violation occurs as provided by
Water Code section 356.
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(f) All remedies provided for herein shall be cumulative and not exclusive.
(g) Any customer against whom a penalty is levied pursuant to this section shall have the right
to appeal as follows:
1. The request must be in writing and received by the General Manager within ten ( 1 0)
calendar days of the mailing of the notice of the action to the customer. Any determination
not timely appealed shall be final. The written request shall include:
A a description of the issue,
B. evidence supporting the claim, and
C. a request for resolution of the dispute.
The General Manager will review the material submitted and make an indepedent
determination of the issue, which shall be mailed out within fifteen ( 15) calendar days of
receipt of the appeal.
2. The General Manager's determination may be appealed in writing within ten (10) calendar
days of the mailing of the notice of determination to the Board of Directors of the CMWD by
filing with the Secretary of the CMWD a written notice of such appeal. The Secretary shall
set the matter for a hearing before the Board of Directors at an upcoming Board meeting.
Notice of the hearing shall be mailed out at least ten (1 0) calendar days prior to the date of
the appeal. The Board may, in its discretion, affirm, reverse or modify the determination.
3. Fees for filing an appeal under this section shall be established by a resolution of the
Board of Directors of the CMWD.
SECTION 14.0 REPEAL OF ORDINANCE NO. 35
Ordinance No. 35 of the Carlsbad Municipal Water District relating to the Necessity for and
Adopting a Drought Response Conservation Program is hereby repealed in its entirety.
SECTION 15.0 EFFECTIVE DATE
This ordinance is effective immediately upon adoption.
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EXHIBIT 1
ORDINANCE NO. 46
AN ORDINANCE OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE
CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT AMENDING
ORDINANCE NO. 44. TO AUTHORIZE THE GENERAL
MANAGER TO SET WATERING SCHEDULES
WHEREAS, article 10, section 2 of the California Constitution declares that waters of the
State are to be put to beneficial use. that waste, unreasonable use, or unreasonable method of
use of water be prevented, and that water be conserved for the public welfare; and
WHEREAS, conservation of current water supplies and minimization of the effects of
water supply shortages that are the result of drought are essential to the public health, safety
and welfare; and
WHEREAS, regulation of the time of certain water use, manner of certain water use,
design of rates, method of application of water for certain uses, installation and use of water-
saving devices, provide an effective and immediately available means of conserving water; and
WHEREAS, California Water Code sections 375 et seq. authorize water suppliers to
adopt and enforce a comprehensive water conservation program; and
WHEREAS, adoption and enforcement of a comprehensive water conservation program
will allow the Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD) to delay or avoid implementing
measures such as water rationing or more restrictive water use regulations pursuant to a
declared water shortage emergency as authorized by California Water Code sections 350 et
seq.; and
WHEREAS, San Diego County is a semi-arid region and local water resources are
scarce. The region is dependent upon imported water supplies provided by the San Diego
County Water Authority, which obtains a substantial portion of its supplies from the Metropolitan
Water District of Southern California. Because the region is dependent upon imported water
supplies, weather and other conditions in other portions of this State and of the Southwestern
United States affect the availability of water for use in San Diego County; and
WHEREAS, the San Diego County Water Authority has adopted an Urban Water
Management Plan that includes water conservation as a necessary and effective component of
the Water Authority's programs to provide a reliable supply of water to meet the needs of the
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Water Authority's 24 member public agencies, including the CMWD. The Water Authority's
Urban Water Management Plan also includes a contingency analysis of actions to be taken in
response to water supply shortages. This ordinance is consistent with the Water Authority's
Urban Water Management Plan; and
WHEREAS, as anticipated by its Urban Water Management Plan, the San Diego County
Water Authority, in cooperation and consultation with its member public agencies, has adopted
a Drought Management Plan, which establishes a progressive program for responding to water
supply limitations resulting from drought conditions. This ordinance is intended to be consistent
with and to implement the Water Authority's Drought Management Plan; and
WHEREAS, the Water Authority's Drought Management Plan contains three stages
containing regional actions to be taken to lessen or avoid supply shortages. This ordinance
contains drought response levels that correspond with the Drought Management Plan stages;
and
WHEREAS, the CMWD, due to the geographic and climatic conditions within its territory
and its dependence upon water imported and provided by the San Diego County Water
Authority, may experience shortages due to drought conditions, regulatory restrictions enacted
upon imported supplies and other factors. The Board of Directors of CMWD has adopted an
Urban Water Management Plan that includes water conservation as a necessary and effective
component of its programs to provide a reliable supply of water to meet the needs of the public
within its service territory. The CMWD's Urban Water Management Plan also includes a
contingency analysis of actions to be taken in response to water supply shortages. This
ordinance is consistent with the Urban Water Management Plan adopted by the Board of
Directors of CMWD; and
WHEREAS the water conservation measures and progressive restrictions on water use
and method of use identified by this ordinance provide certainty to water users and enable
CMWD to control water use, provide water supplies, and plan and implement water
management measures in a fair and orderly manner for the benefit of the public;
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Board of Directors of the Carlsbad
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Municipal Water District of the City of Carlsbad, California, as follows:
1.
2.
SECTION 7.0
That the above recitations are true and correct.
The Board of Directors of the Carlsbad Municipal Water District of the City of
Carlsbad, California, hereby ordains as follows:
DROUGHT RESPONSE LEVEL 2-DROUGHT ALERT CONDITION
(a} A Drought Response Level 2 condition is also referred to as a "Drought Alert" condition. A
Level 2 condition may apply when the Water Authority notifies its member agencies that due to
cutbacks caused by drought or other reduction in supplies, a consumer demand reduction of up
to 20 percent is required in order to have sufficient supplies available to meet anticipated
demands. The CMWD Board of Directors shall declare the existence of a Drought Response
Level 2 condition and implement the mandatory level 2 conservation measures identified in this
ordinance.
(b) All persons using CMWD water shall comply with Level1 Drought Watch water conservation
11 practices during a Level 2 Drought Alert, and shall also comply with the following additional
conservation measures:
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1. limit residential and commercial landscape irrigation to assigned days per week on a
13 schedule established by the General Manager. Within five (5) days following the declaration
of the response level, the CMWD shall publish a notice of the assigned days in one or more
14 newspapers, including a newspaper of general circulation within the CMWD. The CMWD
may also post notice of the condition on its website. This section shall not apply to
15 commercial growers and nurseries.
16 2. Limit lawn watering and landscape irrigation using sprinklers to time limits per watering
station per assigned day as established by the General Manager. Within five (5) days
17 following the declaration of the response level, the CMWD shall publish a notice of the
assigned time limits in one or more newspapers, including a newspaper of general
18 circulation within the CMWD. The CMWD may also post notice of the condition on its
website. This provision does not apply to landscape irrigation systems using water efficient
19 devices, including but not limited to: weather based controllers, drip/micro-irrigation systems
and stream rotor sprinklers.
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3. Water landscaped areas, including trees and shrubs located on residential and
commercial properties, and not irrigated by a landscape irrigation system governed by
section 5 (b) (1), on the same schedule set forth in section 5 (b) (1) by using a bucket, hand-
held hose with positive shut-off nozzle, or low-volume non-spray irrigation.
4. Repair all leaks within seventy-two (72) hours of notification by the CMWD unless other
arrangements are made with the General Manager or Designee.
5. Stop operating ornamental fountains or similar decorative water features unless recycled
water is used.
SECTION 8.0 DROUGHT RESPONSE LEVEL 3-DROUGHT CRITICAL CONDITION
27 (a) A Drought Response Level3 condition is also referred to as a "Drought Critical" condition. A
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1 Level 3 condition may apply when the Water Authority notifies its member agencies that due to
increasing cutbacks caused by drought or other reduction of supplies, a consumer demand
2 reduction of up to 40 percent is required in order to have sufficient supplies available to meet
anticipated demands. The CMWD Board of Directors shall declare the existence of a Drought
3 Response Level 3 condition and implement the Level 3 conservation measures identified in this
ordinance.
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(b) All persons using CMWD water shall comply with Level1 Drought Watch and Level2
5 Drought Alert water conservation practices during a Level 3 Drought Critical condition and shall
also comply with the following additional mandatory conservation measures:
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1. Limit lawn watering and landscape irrigation using sprinklers to time limits per
watering station per assigned day as established by the General Manager. Within five
(5) days following the declaration of the response level, the CMWD shall publish a notice
of the assigned days in one or more newspapers, including a newspaper of general
circulation within the CMWD. The CMWD may also post notice of the condition on its
website. This section shall not apply to commercial growers or nurseries.
2.Water landscaped areas, including trees and shrubs located on residential and
commercial properties, and not irrigated by a landscape irrigation system governed by
section 6 (b) (1), on the same schedule set forth in section 6 (b) (1) by using a bucket,
hand-held hose with a positive shut-off nozzle, or low-volume non-spray irrigation.
3.Stop filling or re-filling ornamental lakes or ponds, except to the extent needed to
sustain aquatic life, provided that such animals are of significant value and have been
actively managed within the water feature prior to declaration of a drought response
level under this ordinance.
4.Stop washing vehicles except at commercial carwashes that re-circulate water, or by
high pressure/low volume wash systems.
5.Repair all leaks within forty-eight (48) hours of notification by the CMWD unless other
arrangements are made with the General Manager or Designee.
(c) Upon the declaration of a Drought Response level3 condition, no new potable water service
shall be provided, no new temporary meters or permanent meters shall be provided, and no
statements of immediate ability to serve or provide potable water service (such as, will serve
letters, certificates, or letters of availability) shall be issued, except under the following
circumstances:
1. A valid, unexpired building permit has been issued for the project; or
2. The project is necessary to protect the public's health, safety, and welfare; or
3. The applicant provides substantial evidence of an enforceable commitment that water
demands for the project will be offset prior to the provision of a new water meter(s).
This provision shall not be construed to preclude the resetting or tum-on of meters to provide
continuation of water service or to restore service that has been interrupted for a period of one
year or less.
(d) Upon the declaration of a Drought Response Level3 condition, the Board of Directors of
CMWD will suspend consideration of annexations to its service area.
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(e) The Board of Directors of CMWD may establish a water allocation for property served by
2 the CMWD taking into consideration a method that does not penalize persons for the
implementation of conservation methods or the installation of water saving devices. If the Board
3 of Directors of CMWD establishes a water allocation notice of the allocation shall be provided by
including it in the regular billing statement for the fee or charge or by any other mailing to the
4 address to which the CMWD customarily mails the billing statement for fees or charges for on-
going water service. Following the effective date of the water allocation as established by the
5 Board of Directors of CMWD, any person that uses water in excess of the allocation shall be
subject to a penalty in the amount equal to the penalty rate established by the Metropolitan
6 Water District for each billing unit of water in excess of the allocation.
The penalty for excess water usage shall be cumulative to any other remedy or penalty that may
7 be imposed for violation of this ordinance.
8 EFFECTIVE DATE: This ordinance shall be effective thirty days after its adoption; and the
9 Secretary shall certify the adoption of this ordinance and cause it to be published at least once in a
1 0 newspaper of general circulation in the City of Carlsbad within fifteen days after its adoption.
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2015 Urban Water Management Plan Appendix I
Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft
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June 2016
Appendix J -CUWCC Reports
2015 Urban Water Management Plan AppendixJ
Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft
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June 2016
i CUWCC BMP Retail Coverage Report 2013
Foundational Best Managemant Practices for Urban Water Efficiency
BMP 1.1 Operation Practices
6996 Carlsbad Municipal Water District
1. Conservation Coordinator Name:
provided with necessary resources
to implement BMPs? Title:
Email:
2. Water Waste Prevention Documents
WN Document Name WNP File Name
Option A Describe the
ordinances or terms of
service adopted by your
agency to meet the water
waste prevention
requirements of this BMP.
Option B Describe any
water waste prevention
ordinances or
requirements adopted by
your local jurisdiction or
regulatory agencies within
your service area.
Option C Describe any
documentation of support
for legislation or
regulations that prohibit
water waste.
Option D Describe your
agency efforts to
cooperate with other
entities in the adoption or
enforcement of local
requirements consistent
with this BMP.
Option E Describe your
agency support positions
with respect to adoption of
legislation or regulations
that are consistent with
this BMP.
Option F Describe your
agency efforts to support
local ordinances that
establish permits
requirements for water
efficient design in new
development.
ON TRACK
I Mario Remillard
I water Conservation Coordinator
I mario.remillard@carlsbadca.gov
WN Prevention URL WN Prevention Ordinance
Terms Description
http://www.carlsbadca.gov/ Carlsbad Municipal Water
services/depts/pw/utils/wat District Ordinance No. 44 and
er/rules.asp No. 45 Carlsbad Municipal
·Water District 2010 Urban
Water Management Plan
At Least As effective As ~_I N_o ______ --'
Exemption ~~N_o ______ ~
Comments:
CUWCC BMP Coverage Report 2014 I Foundational Best Management Practices For Urban Water Efficiency
BMP 1.3 Metering With Commodity
6996 Carlsbad Municipal Water District
Numbered Unmetered Accounts
Metered Accounts billed by volume of use
Number of Cll Accounts with Mixed Use
Meters
Conducted a feasibility study to assess merits of a
program to provide incentives to switch mixed-use
accounts to dedicated landscape meters?
Feasibility Study provided to CUWCC?
Date: 1/1/0001
Uploaded file name:
No
Yes
269
Yes
Yes
Completed a written plan, policy or program to test, Yes
repair and replace meters
At Least As effective As ._I N_o ______ _,
Exemption ._IN_o ______ ~
Comments:
ON TRACK
2015 Urban Water Management Plan AppendixJ
Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft
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June 2016