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HomeMy WebLinkAboutPE 2.10.13; BRISTOL COVE; SILTATION STUDY; 1987-07-14P.E. 2.10.13 .r-NG BRISTOL COVE SILTATION STUDY FOR BRISTOL COVE PROPERtY OWNERS ASSOCIATION July 14, 1987 Prepared by Alton L. Ruden, RCE 10163 2733 Mesa Drive Oceanside, CA 92054 Phone: 757-3112 1 I. INTRODUCTION This short report on the problem of siltation and various ways of dealing with it, is pre~ared in response to a letter·da~ed March.20, J987, from Bristol Cove Property Owners' Association. My primary assignment was to evaluate the long term prospects and.how to deal with.them in the future. A secondary assignment w~s conveyed to me in conversations with Mr. DeThom~s and Pat Tuomi, and 1s to .measure and discuss the silt already 1n the c~annel. To understand and acquaint myself with the problem and its history, I have reviewed previous reports on the subject _by Bement~Dainwood-Sturgeon, civil Eniineers~ 1978; E. F. C~ok, Civil Engineer; Wendell Gayman, Geologist; and an undated, unsigned report fto~ your files (probab(y a City staff report). f have also reviewed .the original .Bristol Cove (Shelter.Cove) Plans 134-9, 1963, 8 sheets, the Bristol Cove Reconstruction plans by.Moffatt & Nichol-, Ci~il Engineers (152~3, .1966, 12 sheets), and.the plans. for Pannonia subdivision on· the hilltop east of Bristol Cove. I have al~o reviewed .your.files ind those of Scott Williams, ~ttorney for your as~ociation. I .have .also.eonsulted:with Mr. Nat~.DeThomas, Mr.· Graham.Finch, Mr. iefferdink, Mr. Vic .Arndt and Mr. Pat .Tuomi, and various City of Carlsbad employees. I have als~ ta;ked.extensively with .various p•ople in the dredging industry. 2. II. THE PROBLEM The drainage basin,. which drains by gravity to the receiving water inlet of Agua Hediohda Lagoon known as· Bristol Cove, .is approximately 450 acres, and ~ill gene~ate_ a runoff .peak flow of ~bout 540 cubic ft./second. The basin extends roughly from the Cove northward to a point north of Basswood Avenue, and from Highland Avenue eastward to S k y 1 i n e. D r i ye • The area south of Tamarack. Avenue is mostly developed with housing and a sto~m drainage.system, with the notable exception of Pannonia Subdivision ~hie~ ¥ill be discussed later hereiri. The .a~ea north of Tamarack is about 50% develope~ and.there are many large parcels with one house and 2 to 10 acres of fi~ld or orchard. There is a storm drainage trunk line .which follows th~ intermittent James Drive, and is partly underground pipe and.partly paved · Ch an ne l. rA-c.n>Ati..,.. /flo.s11. 'r' ' 11N lJN1t11fR.ov~p This basin is comprised of highly erodible so CA~"f"H 1:-IJ ~JWNIU.. ~CIFIClfl.1. I" Fit.4/ft j described in .. more d·etail in .the previous .reports r CH'iESrNur 7o -rilm111tAt. I( • . .. above •. During mode.rate. and heavy rainstorms the s~ __________ __) has produced large volumes .of silt which, carried by storm runoff_and picking up more and more load along the way, has .been a severe problem to the boat.docking .and .channel a~eas of Bristol Cove, .especially at the north end whete most.of th• storm runoff ~ith its silt load is discharged into ihe lagoon. 3 III. PREVIOUS EFFORTS TO ALLEVIATE THE PROBLEM The siltation problem, which actually had existed for centuries, began almost as soon ~s the dredging of .the cove and construction of the streets and utilities was completed in 1964, .as Shelter Cove Subdivision, Map 5163. By .1966 the north end of the Cove was silted up to the .extent it was- virtually useless to.boats.except at high tide •. At.that time Janss Corp., who took over from the original developer and who still owned most of the lots, had Moffatt & Nichol, Civil Engineers who specialize in marine structures, prepare plans to "reconstruct'' the· re-named Bristol Cove .•. This. plan was implemented shortly thereafter and provided for rock slope p'rotection, re-dredging to -9 •. 0 M.S.L. datum, and 1n an attempt to reduce siltation· 1n the Cove·, a diversion structure was built and a 60". diversion pipe was 1·aid. along the east bank at the top of the revetted slope. This 60" pipe was laid.at a slope o~ .0046. The diversion structure was designed to send.all flow into the diversion pipe.unless the.flow exceeded .. the level of.the removable "stop logs".and would flow.over into the.north end of the cove. The intent of this structure·was to divert all of the siorm drain.flow in t o the new 6 0 '.' p i p e ex c e p t f o r a . t r i c k 1 e . be tween .. the .· " s top logs", unless .it were blocked or clogged. Un.fortunately, .the diversi~n pipe plugged.up almost immediately and, according t·o members of. your Association,. h_as. remained t,hat way. Mr. Lefferdink recalls that .between.1967 and.1980 .. the 4 Janss Corp. cleaned out the pipe .several times, but it always clogged again ai the first heavy storm. The diversion pipe, .although laid at a grade which, absent tidal •ction, would be self-cleaning with heavy flows, has •n "effective grade" of zero at high tide (6.6 MLLW or more), and at low tide. (+0.6 MLLW or less) would flow as designed (MLLW is 2.61 feet b~low Mean Sea Level). The Association then modified .the .di~ersion structure to permit water to flow into the north end of the Cove. The cause of the clogging is unknown but. probably.was due to the effective flat grade .at high tide,·• and heavy sand and .silt. load in the flows produced by the very heavy storms 1n 1967·, particularly in January of that year, when all of this region endured gre•t damage by flood waters, .mud slid~s, erosion, blocked streets and drains~ We know that this watershed, even now, produces rurtoff with relatively large sand particles .which could cause clogging in a pipe with that flat ~lope, even though the ~lope at low tide is ade~uate for light silt, clejn wat•r or.~ven sewage. Since 1967 your Association has.had a continuous problem.with frequent dredging required to keep the Cove usable. In 1981 th~ Association, using furtds .obtained by the lawsuit settlement .from the City.and Janss .Corp.~ dredged the entire channel, .removing about 22,000 C.Y~ This was done by dragline and clam bucket with the drained. spoil being hauled away by truck. A great deal of this heavy silt and.sand came into the Cove from the dirt· channel between 5 the end of James Drive and Adams Street (verified by reports referred.to above). The Shelter Cove Improvement District, which had been in process since .1978, finally alleviated that major source of silt .by constructing a storm dr~in from James Drive to Adams Street. January o~ 1983 was a month of very heavy rains and runoff so that the channel, es·pecially the north end, was ~ilted up badly again. This was in spite of the efforts described above, but there was.considerable construction grading.underway during this period and. the City ·r•quirements for desilting runoff from construction sites were not as strict th~n as thei ~re in 1987. The Association obtained a loan fr6m S~A and dredged again 1n 1983 ~sin~ the same method as in 1981 •. Approximately 2b,OOO C.Y. were removed (accordint to Mr. Lef.ferdink) at a cost of $45,058. Without. any documentation, which I have been unable to locate, I would question.this quantity .for the amount. actuaily.expended. Dredging by .this .method.usually costs from.$7. to.$10 pe~.cubic yard remo~ed from the site. Possibly the contractor overestimated his net cubic yards. Both in 1981 .. and 1983 there were several vacant lots spaced along the.channel .with_owners willing ~o permit dredge spoil.to drain. _Now in 1987, due to building development, there are only 3 or 4 lots available,.not enough to dredge the channel effectively from shore. . \ . Since 1983 the Association has removed small amounts of .silt (500 6 to 1,000 C.Y.) periodically, .where drain and access lots were available, and when money was available. The most recent ~uch removal was in June 1987 when about 500 C.Y. was removed.by clam bucket and drained on the only 3 lots available in the north end of the channel. rv·. PROJECTION OF FUTURE SILTATION In the past 3 years the City has tightened up regulations and is much more diligent in enforcing them in regard to desilting construction runoff from construction sites. With due ~ecognition of your Association efforts, the Pannonia Subdivision.developers were required to construct temporary siltation basins during grading and .construction, and when Units 4 and 5 are constructed, a permanent siltation basin will be constructed at .the .south end of the project, just above Marina Drive. The discharge of the de~silted water will be underground along Marina Drive into.the. main lagoon. I have inspected this project and confirm that the temporary .basins are effective. The small ~~ea.of ~annonia north of Hillside Drive, during.1986- 87, discharged silt laden water into the drainage system which flows into the cove, but this .will be corrected.before the winter of 1987-88 by paving and landscaping. The source of.great amounts .of -silt prior to 1981, .the "gorge'', between James Drive and.Adams Street, has.been effectively treated by diversion of all.but on-site .natural runoff and.by heavy growth of ice plant.in the bottom of the 7 gorge, which catches m6st of .the silt from on-site runoff. When this area developes, your Associatio'n and its members should be alert to see that effective de-silting is provided because it is the· worst threat left for producti6n.of silt into the Cove. Another matter of concern is .the ironic fact that the main· storm drain do~n from James Drive has cured the heavy gorge erosion, but opened the door for more silt from further ~pstream to Oak Avenue. The area north of Tamarack Avenue in this watershed is only about 50% developed. The many farmed parcels, producing vegetables, are plowed every year, sometimes more o~ten. Runoff fro- these fields used to pond in the low areas between Valley Street and th~ ridge east of Highland Avenue. This effectively de-silted.the water before it overflowed and ran south toward the Cove. With .the construction of pipes and channels north .to Oak Avenue almost continuous now, '.this agric~ltural runoff can no ~onger pond, but instead rushes southward in the drainage system, often carrying a considerable.amount of silt. This is another area to.which : th~ Association_should be.alert when development occurs. The City will enforce their regula·tions when they are aware of violations, but citizen watchfulness and complaints are effective in .this enforcement • . The pr_oblem of past .. years'. overflows from. the City water tank, carrying silt .down into the Cove will be alleviated.with the 1987 paving of Hillside Drive in.the Pannonia development. ,,. ,, ! 8 [iJ.t.h-t-h-e_a_f_o_r~e.me n ti one d imp_r_o_v_eme.n.t.s-,-I-be-1-i-e-v-e-t.he~=? (;fI-r qua n t it i es a_n_d_t_he-p.i:.o_b~i~;-Cove w i l_l_b.e~g..r-~~~ , ,-....,-,.._,.....,, -~:· The previous reports on the sil~-ation, listed above, .have estimated that prior to.1983 the annual silt deposit in the Cove was ·about 8,000 C.Y. With the changes and additions to the basin infrastructure since, I estimate that the predicted silt deposi·t.to.be abo_ut 2,000 C.Y. an~rially, which will decreasa gradually in the years ahead. There could still be a catastrophic storm or other unusual single event which_ could cause a sudden· influx to exceed that estimate. T~ere is not much ·more that can be done .to further redute silt carried to the C~ve. There is also, of· course, the matter of silt already in the Cove.which has not been removed. V. FUTURE ~ILT REMOVAL OPTIONS It is my opinion that the 60'' diversion pipe 1s .too un_dependable to count on for keeping the Cove free of .silt, and.the cost of .cleaning it is.considerable. Cleaning would need .to .be repeated.periodically •. It.will.never. function as interid~d at high .tide, .and it seems that most severe· storms peak at .high tide. Low flows will.drop silt load durint .hiih tid~ (there are.two highs each day) .. and.low .. flow v~lo~ities .are .too low. to .scour out the silt.even at low .tide. I do not consider this option> by itself> viable, .at least .until the basin is more fully developed and the silt does not contain the coarse .grains it .now does. ,c~. ) l • : J 9 Another option is a floatin·g pump, similar to that ou~lined in the E. F. Cook report of September 19, 1981~ This is a valid.option but the cost now would probably be double the estim,te of .$16,400 made by.Co6k. This option provides for cleani.ng out the 60" pipe as a discharge line. The dredge pump could only be operated at low tide for reasons discussed above. This option.would not get rid of the silt but it .would move fu~ure silt to .the main Lagoon where eventually. it would block the .60" pipe with buildup in the lagoon. Th•re is ~lso .the matter of storing the pump float year round, either by kee~ing .it in the water or lifting it .out after use. Liftin~ out and storing would' require use of a truck mounted crane .each time. This option could be explored further if the board is interested, but that is not in the scope of this report. Another op~ion is the acquisition of a small dredge and keeping it for .future dredging •. This opti6n .is more full1 ·discussed.in Section VI • . Another option is to implem•nt an.on shore catchmeit for the silt .coming down.the pipe along Park Drfve. One form of this. option ,is described in the E~ F. Cook report dated.~uly.14,.1981, which called for a sheet pile cylinder .about 20.ft. deep and.30.28.diameter,.locat~d on the lot · where the 60" drain.approathes the diversion structure. This would.catch and store_effectively, 310 C.Y •. If it overloads, of course, the flow would run ~irectly into .th~ ,; ! 10 Cove as it does now. This option 1s much more attractive now than when it.was made 10 1981, because siltation is ~reatly reduced since 1981. Its cost is probably 50% more now than the $51,600 Cook estimated in 1981 and the silt would still have to be removed by clam bucket from the· storage cylinder. Removal from the cylinder, however, 1s mu~h easier than from the waters of the Cove. I.would place the _suggested baffle. initially, because I am sure ·tt .. will be needed. This option would eliminate most of the silt from reaching the Cove waters. The danger is that it might not be emptied when needed, .so that if a storm occurs when the storage cylinder is full, the silt.from the new flow goes into the Co.ve. As siltation decreases in the years ahead, ·clamming out would be needed less and less. I .believe this is a ve~y attractive op~ion because the cost is .about the same as other options, and it keeps the silt out of the Cove. I ~ecommend that thi~ option be updated.and studied further. I·t is flexible, in that the catchment chamber can be located in the edge of.the Cove at the discharge of the 66~' pipe or· it could take other shapes .depending on space available. Map B attached shows possible locations for such a chamber." The final option is to contlnue to .dredge small quantities whenever they can be reached by clam bucket from existing vacant lots. This is .the least costly and bas· been quite. effective since 1983 due to.the decreased .amount of silt deposited. This method, however, cannot .be the long 11 term sol~tion because there are only 3 or 4 open lots left. It is likely the owners of these lots will build in the future, eliminating effective access and silt storage to drain before trucking. VI. EXISTING SILT IN THE CHANNEL This section is .my response to the secondary assignment referred to in Section I.· . I. survey_ed cross sections from a boat (courtesy of Mr. DeThomas) on July 1, 1987. The sections were taken at 40 ·ft. intervals in the north end of the Cove, and at 80 ft. intervals further south, where the ~ilt is more uniform indepth. The sections .were plotted arid from them I have calculated 14,500 cubic yards of silt in the Cove above the original depth ~f .-9.0 M.s.·L. There are only two ways to remove this existing silt. One way is by lan~ base~ equipment, as you have done in the past. The costs of doing this have baen about $7.00 per C.Y., as in 1981 when there .were many vacarit parcels, to .the mo.st tecent removal of 500 C.Y •. for about .$11,000, or. $22. per C.Y. With the availability of only about 3 or 4 p•rcels for draining and loading as.we have now, I believe it likely .the cost of ·1and b~sed dredging.and .disposal .to.be in excess of $15.00 per C.Y. and you.would have the.disruption of .the landscaped frontage for a road as in.1981. The one time cost, theref~re, will be a~ound $100,000 io remove the existing silt. You would still need to select one of the options iri Section V.i~ o~der to handle tuture silt. 12 The other way to remo~e the silt now in the Cove is by floating dredge similar to the one SDG&E uses in the west lagoon. I have talked to SDG&E officials about using their dredge but it is now in south San Diego Bay, There has been talk.by SDG&E and the City, reported in _newspaper articles, of dredging the east lagoon, which could include Bristol Cove, but it seems to be a few years away according to SDG&E • This would be .the best and. cheapest way, but there . is no time t~ble or anything definite as to when this may.· happen. I assrime the present condition is intolerable and cannot.wait a "few years". I have talked to Mr. Ron Burleson.of RB & Assoc., Dredgers, and· he tells me he can bring 1.n an 8" dredge and remove the 14,500 C.Y. for about $100,000. or $7.00 per C.Y. if the discharge is within 2,500 ft. A large part of this, perhaps 50%, is for mobilization and de-mobilization Qf the dredge and piping. Jerry Rombotis. of Kamar Co. is'.willing '. to let. us use .his de-silt basin opposit~ :Neblina Dr •. if .proper· insurance riders and.hold harmless.agreements .are provided, and we clean out the pond at the.end. We would' have to dip it out with a clam and dry it on his adjacent .land,.and haul it away. A contractor I know of will do this for about $5.00 per C.Y., for a total of $12.00 per C.Y. or about $175,000. This method would not .destroy .the existing Cove .frontage landscaping •. Future siltation would still need tq be handled. '( 13 Another way is to buy a new or used 8" dredge. New ones.cost about $175,000 ind used ones around $100,000. The company I talked to, KMM of Laplace, .La., quoted these prices and will_·send us a videotape showing the dredge at work, and its operation. They will train an operator if a dredge wer~ purchased from them. This option would require a caiital outlay, but would also be a solution to the future siltation fo~ i few years, until the in(low of silt is reduced enough t·o permit sale of the dredge, with the proceeds paying for one of.the options in Section V. Note the comparison of cost of one time dredging by a contractor, .$100,000, to purchase of the used dredge, $100,000~. The limited scope of this report does not permit more.research. and ·detailing any of these .options, but give~ you an overview of what ~ptions are available for removal of existing silt and methods to handle future siltation. VII. SUMMARY The wateished basi.n contributi?g runof.f and silt is shown on the .small scale .map at~ached .as "Map A". It shows the location of the areas in the watershed which have .the most potential for producing silt in the future. These are the.areas which need to be.watched for.adequate de-silting basins whendevelopment occurs. Attached "Map B" shows major drains in.the area.and pot~ntial locations for a siltation chamber. No engineering .has been done.for any of these potential sites but, if .your Association is interested .; ...,-r.. 14 1n pursuing this option, it, or any of the other options co·uld be examined in detail for cost and operating characteristics. I . be 1 i eve the am o u n t o f s i 1 t . now reach in g the C o·v e . i s about ·2,000 C.Y. per year, a vast improvement. over 1983 and before. With this reduction and continuing reduction~ predicted for future years, I believe a catchment chamber w i t h. c a p a c i t y · o f 3 0 0 t o 5 0 0 C • Y • i's f e a s i b 1 e : f o r f u t ~re siltation. It would r~quire from $50,000 to $100,000 in capital.costs and would need an operating budget to clam it out periodically. I·am convinced a .floating dredge is the.best method of removing the 14,500 C.Y. o{ existing silt in the Cove. The methods of removing it involve diffirent scopes of.personal tolerance, as well as requiring varying amounts of money. These can.be better decided by.your board, wh(ch has better knowledge .of th~ desires of owners, and.bet.ter knowledge.of amount and sources of money available • If the board wish~s . f~rther study of any one.or .more.of ~he options outlined I herei~, I would be happy to discuss it -ith you. 15 It has.been a pleasure researching and preparing this report for your Association. I hope this meets your needs. If you care to.do any of the suggested additional work, I would be happy to discuss it with you. Respectfully.Submitted, Alton L. Ruden, RCE 10163 Registered Civil Engineer ·-> :a ::, 8Ri5TOL COVE S(LTATJON STUDY --• 1>1-ai n ~~ Basi1t1 fl\ A P l~t~· ~ . -... ~.:~' ··'·-· -:_·,-· I WI CUM9ffl I '-"A lOS s.utmt I a. CAUU.UO • CfJIC\J\.O SA#TU.GO . . . ··.·· . :~_;: .. ~(::.:;:.:.i: .. ~~;.,;.;_~·.·:-;; _. f ) ., ,, A ' -< r ~ -4 V, 0 0 "l'1 :0 ~ • 1----\---1 ii 1\ · t,1AF .. ,, 8 '~co\) . :0 C) tn --; \ ~ {fl V\ 0 2::. -· r r-. --i ~ -·. . .. (') > . ,, . . no·r-.. ·.• :t.< >rn .. ·: -~ .. QJ . n, :;"1 \I) • LP.GoolJ· MAP B ,., ·i ·I. , '· I ' • I \ '" '. I .\ ( I l I J ' \, I , ; ! I ! j I ·" TABLE 11.--INTERPRETATIONS FOR LAND MANAGEMENT--Continued Map symbol Soil LfE Las Flores-Urban land complex, 9 to 30 percent slopes: Las Flores-------------------------------------------- Urban land-------------------------------------------- LpB Las Posas fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes---------- LpC Las Posas fine sandy loam, 5 to 9 percent ·slopes---------- LpC2 Las Posas fine sandy loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes, eroded. LpD2 Las Posas fine sandy loam, 9 to 15 percent slopes, Elroded. '-' LpE2 Las Posas fine sandy loam, 15 to 30 percent slopes, eroded. LrE Las Posas stony fine sandy loam, 9 to 30 percent slopes. LrE2 Las Posas stony fine sandy loam, 9 to 30 percent LrG LsE LsF slopes, eroded. Las Posas stony fine sandy loam, 30 to 65 percent slopes. Linne clay loam, 9 to 30 percent slopes------------------ Linpe clay loam, 30 to 50 percent slopes----------------- Lu LoaJ)1y alluvial land-------------------------------------- LvF3 Loamy alluvial land-Huerhuero complex, 9 to SO percent slopes, severely eroded: Loamy alluvial land---------------------------------- Huerhuero------------------------------------------- Md Made land------------------------------------------------ CMrc-Marina-1-oamy-coars·e-s-and-;-2~t0-9 :2ercen t s I OJ!eS --- ------- CMrE-Ma:rtn-a-ro-arn):'.-c·o-ars-e-s·ana-;-9-i-o-30-~er·c·en:t-sT01:re·s ---- · ---- , MnA Mecca coarse sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes----------- MnB Mecc::ii. cbarse sandy loam, 2··to 5 percent slopes------·=---- MoA Mecca sandy loam, saline, 0 to 2 percent slopes---------- MpA2 Mecca fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes, eroded----- MrG Metamorphic rock land------------------------------------ MvA Mottsville loamy coarse sand, 0 to 2percent slopes------ MvC Mottsville loamy coarse sand, 2 to 9 percent slopes------ MvD Mottsville loamy coarse sand, 9 to 15 percent slopes----- MxA Mottsville loamy coarse sand, wet, 0 to 2 percent OhC OhE OhF OkC slopes. Olivenhain cobbly loam, 2 to 9 percent slopes------------ Olivenhain cobbly loam, 9 to 30 percent slopes----------- Olivenhain cobbly loam, 30 to SO percent slopes---------- Olivenhain-Urban land complex, 2 to 9 percent slopes: Olivenhain------------------------------------------- Urban land------------------------------------------- OkE Olivenhain-Urban land complex, 9 to 30 percent slopes: Pe A PeC PeC2 PeD2 Pf A Olivenhain------------------------------------------- Urban land------------------------------------------- Placentia sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes-------------- Placentia sandy loam, 2 to 9 percent slopes-------------- Placentia sandy loam, 5 to 9 percent slopes, eroded------ Placentia sandy loam, 9 to 15 percent slopes, .eroded----- Placentia sandy loam, thick surface, 0 to 2 percent slopes. PfC Placentia sandy loam, thick surface, 2 to 9 percent slopes. Py Playas--------------------------------------------------- See footnotes at end of table. 36 Hydro- logic group D D D D D D D D D D C C B D D D Erodibil i ty Moderate 2---- Moderate 2---- Moderate 2---- Moderate 2---- Moderate 1--- Moderate 1--- Moderate 1--- Severe 1----- Moderate 2--- Severe 1----- Severe 16---- Severe 1----- Severe 1----- Limitatiens for conversion from brush to grass· Slight. Slight. Slight. Slight. Slight. Moderate. Moderate. Moderate. Moderate. Moderate. Slight. Severe. Severe. A---s·evere-2-=='='='"' -s1Tglit . t A -severe 2-----Sti'g~ B .. Severe 1_6,.. •. .. B Severe 16 B Severe 16 B Severe 16 D Severe 1----- A Severe 2----- A Severe 2----- A Severe 2----- D Severe 2----- D D D D D D D D D D D D D D Severe 16---- Severe 16---- Severe 1----- Severe 9----- Severe 9----- Severe 9----- Severe 9----- Severe 16---- Severe 16---- Moderate 2 Severe. Slight. Slight. Slight. Slight. 4/ 4/ 4/ y Slight. Slight. Moderate. Slight. Slight. Slight. Slight. Slight. Slight. TABLE 11.--INTERPRETATIONS. FOR LAND MANAGEMENT--Continued r Map· symbol Soil f: CaD2 Calpine coarse sa.1:dy loam, 9 to 15 percent slopes, I · eroded. t · CbB Carlsbad gravelly loamy sand, 2 to S percent slopes------1 · CbC Carlsbad gravelly loamy sand, S to 9 percent slopes--'---- (CoD-CarlsbaCl wg~y-roamy-s-c:ma-;--9~to-rS--percent-sTop-es -----·1 c:-::::coE-ca-r·:rsoa-a-graverty-i-o-amy-s·ana;-i-s-to'-30-p-ercen:t-s·i-op·e·s ---- { CcC K:arlsbad-Urban land complex, 2 to 9 _percent slopes------- ;, CcE ~arlsbad-Urban land complex, 9 to 30 percent slopes------ CeC tarrizo very 'gravelly sand, 0 to 9 percent slopes--.------ CfB ~hesterton fine sandy. loam, 2 to S percent slopes-------- CfC thesterton fine sandy loam, S to 9 percent slopes-------- CfD2 Chesterton fine sandy loam, 9 to 15 percent slopes, '· ,. \ i. \ r -~1._:.:1: ;.~ . -i,. .:I •.' ', ~ ~.·5: .. . -; . ;I .. :1, : : ltl i .. :·j~: -. I.; -\ I eroded. ceg<::-:'ahesterton=Urban-l·and-complex;-2-to-9-percent-s-lopes-:::-:-::,- Cnesterton------------------------------------------ Urban land------------------------------------------- ChA ChB CkA ClD2 Chino fine sandy loam, 0 to 2 percent slopes------------- Chino fine sandy loam, 2 to 5 percent slopes------------- ~hino silt loam, saline, 0 to 2 percent slopes----------- Cieneba coarse sandy loam, S to 15 percent slopes, eroded. ClE2 Cieneba coarse sandy loam, 15 to 30 percent slopes, ~roded. ClG2 CmE2. CmrG CnE2 CnG2 ~ieneba coarse sandy loam, 30 to 65 percent slopes, eroded. tieneba rocky coarse sandy loam, ~9 to 30fpercent 'slopes,. eroded. ~ieneba very rocky coarse sandy loam, 30 to 75 percent slopes. Cieneba-Fallbrook rocky sandy loams, 9 to 30 percent slopes, eroded: ·-· Cieneba---------~---------------------· ------------- Fallbrook-------' -·---------------------------------- Cieneba-Fallbrook rocky sandy loams, 30 to 65 percent ~slopes, eroded: ~ Cieneba---------------------------------------------- Fallbrook-------------------------------------------- ·co Clayey alluvial land------------------------------------- Cr :oastal beaches---------------------·-------·-·---------- CsB Corralitos loamy sand, 0 to S percent slopes------------- CCsC="orralTto~to=amy..=:s:an.a-.=,s-t-o-~1re·r·c"Emt-s·ro11e·s ---- --------- CsD ~orralitos loamy sand, 9 to 15 percent slopes------------ CtE Crouch coarse sandy loam, S to 30 percent slopes--------- CtF ~rouch coarse sandy loam, 30 to SO percent slopes-------- CuE ~rouch rocky coarse sandy loam, 5 to 30 percent slopes . ; -CuG K:iouch rocky coarse sandy loam, 30 to 70{ percent slopes. CvG trouch stony fine sandy loam, 30 to 75 percent slopes. Dae Diablo clay, Diab lo clay, Diablo clay, Diablo clay, Diablo clay, DaD DaE DaE2 DaF 2 to 9 percent slopes-------------:----------- 9 to 15 percent slopes.,..--------------------- 15 to 30 percent slopes-------:-----·---------- 15 to 30 percent slopes, eroded------------- 30 .to so· percent slopes-------.------------:;- See footnotes at end of table. Hydro-Erodibility logic group Limitations for .conversion from brush to grass B Moderate 2---Slight.-~ C Severe 2-----Slight. C Severe 2-----Slight. :=c==:-seve·re-2------s:l::_i]~ -c--severe-2-------su·gnt7 D D A D D D D D C C C B B B B B Severe Severe Severe Severe Severe Severe 2 9----- 9----- 9----- 16---- 16---- Moderate 2--- Severe 16---- Severe 16---- Severe 1----- Severe 16---- Severe 1----- Slight. Slight. Moderate. Slight. Slight. Moderate. Severe. Severe. Severe. Severe. Severe. B Severe 16----Severe. C Severe 16----·' Severe. B Severe 1----- C Severe 1----- D Moderate 2--- A Severe 2 Severe. Severe. Slight. A Severe 2-----Slight. -A--Severe-2.::. __ ,b ... .J......i.s-hg~ A Severe 2-----Slight. B Severe 16--:--Slight. B Severe 1-----" Moderate. B Severe 16--:.-Moderate. B Severe 1-----Moderate. B Severe 1-----Moderate. D slight--_._ ----Slight. 1/ D Slight--------Slight. 1/ D ' Moderate-------Slight. 1/ D Moderate 1---. , Slight. 1/ D . Severe 1-----. · Moderate:-!I 3