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HomeMy WebLinkAboutPD 14-01; La Costa Valley Middle School; SWPP; 2014-07-01 (2)APPENDIX C SUBMITTED PERMIT REGISTRATION DOCUMENTS Cl PRD INSTRUCTIONS ATTACHMENT B ATTACHMENT B PERMIT REGISTRATION DOCUMENTS (PRDs) TO COMPLY WITH THE TERMS OF THE GENERAL PERMIT TO DISCHARGE STORM WATER ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY GENERAL INSTRUCTIONS A. All Linear Construcfion Projects shall comply with the PRD requirements in Attachment A.2 of this Order. B. Who Must Submit Discharges of storm water associated with construction that results in the disturbance of one acre or more of land must apply for coverage under the General Construction Storm Water Permit (General Permit). Any construction acfivity that is a part of a larger common plan of development or sale must also be permitted, regardless of size. (For example, if 0.5 acre of a 20-acre subdivision is disturbed by the construction acfivities of discharger A and the remaining 19.5 acres is to be developed by discharger B, discharger A must obtain a General Storm Water Permit for the 0.5 acre project). Other discharges from construction activifies that are covered under this General Permit can be found in the General Permit Secfion II.B. It is the LRP's responsibility to obtain coverage under this General Permit by electronically submitfing complete PRDs (Permit Registrafion Documents). In all cases, the proper procedures for submitting the PRDs must be completed before construction can commence. C. Construction Activity Not Covered By This General Permit Discharges from construction that are not covered under this General Permit can be found in the General Permit Secfions II.A &B.. D. Annual Fees and Fee Calculation Annual fees are calculated based upon the total area of land to be disturbed not the total size ofthe acreage owned. However, the calculation includes all acres to be disturbed during the duration of the project. For example, if 10 acres are scheduled to be disturbed the first year and 10 in each subsequent year for 5 years, the annual fees would be based upon 50 acres of disturbance. The State Water Board will evaluate adding acreage to an existing Permit Waste Discharge Identificafion (WDID) number on a case-by-case basis. In general, any acreage to be considered must be configuous to the permitted land area and the exisfing 2009-0009-DWQ 1 September 2,2009 ATTACHMENT B SWPPP must be appropriate for the construction activity and topography of the acreage under considerafion. As acreage is built out and stabilized or sold, the Change of Informafion (COI) form enables the applicant to remove those acres from inclusion in the annual fee calculafion. Checks should be made payable to: State Water Board. The Annual fees are established through regulations adopted by the State Water Board. The total annual fee is the current base fee plus applicable surcharges for all construction sites submitting an NOI, based on the total acreage to be disturbed during the life of the project. Annual fees are subject to change by regulafion. Dischargers that apply for and satisfy the Small Construction Erosivity Wavier requirements shall pay a fee of $200.00 plus an applicable surcharge, see the General Permit Secfion II.B.7. E. When to Apply LRP's proposing to conduct construcfion acfivities subject to this General Permit must submit their PRDs prior to the commencement of construction activity. F. Requirements for Completing Permit Registration Documents (PRDs) All dischargers required to comply with this General Permit shall electronically submit the required PRDs for their type of construction as defined below. G. Standard PRD Requirements (All Dischargers) 1. Notice of Intent 2. Risk Assessment (Standard or Site-Specific) 3. Site Map 4. SWPPP 5. Annual Fee 6. Certification H. Additional PRD Requirements Related to Construction Type 1. Discharger in unincorporated areas of the State (not covered under an adopted Phase I or II SUSMP requirements) and that are not a linear project shall also submit a completed: a. Post-Construcfion Water Balance Calculator (Appendix 2). 2. Dischargers who are proposing to implement ATS shall submit: a. Complete ATS Plan in accordance with Attachment F at least 14 days prior to the planned operation of the ATS and a paper copy shall be available onsite during ATS operafion. 2009-0009-DWQ 2 September 2,2009 ATTACHMENT B b. Certification proof that design done by a professional in accordance with Attachment F. 3. Dischargers who are proposing an alternate Risk Justification: a. Particle Size Analysis. I. Exceptions to Standard PRD Requirements Construcfion sites with an R value less than 5 as determined in the Risk Assessment are not required to submit a SWPPP. J. Description of PRDs 1. Notice of Intent (NOI) 2. Site Map(s) Includes: a. The project's surrounding area (vicinity) b. Site layout c. Construction site boundaries d. Drainage areas e. Discharge locafions f. Sampling locafions g. Areas of soil disturbance (temporary or permanent) h. Active areas of soil disturbance (cut or fill) i. Locations of all runoff BMPs j. Locations of all erosion control BMPs k. Locations of all sediment control BMPs I. ATS locafion (if applicable) m. Locations of sensitive habitats, watercourses, or other features which are not to be disturbed n. Locations of all post-construction BMPs o. Locations of storage areas for waste, vehicles, service, loading/unloading of materials, access (entrance/exits) points to construction site, fueling, and water storage, water transfer for dust control and compaction practices 3. SWPPPs A site-specific SWPPP shall be developed by each discharger and shall be submitted with the PRDs. 4. Risk Assessment All dischargers shall use the Risk Assessment procedure as describe in the General Permit Appendix 1. a. The Standard Risk Assessment includes utilization of the following: i. Receiving water Risk Assessment interactive map 2009-0009-DWQ 3 September 2,2009 ATTACHMENT B i. EPA Rainfall Erosivity Factor Calculator Website ii. Sediment Risk interactive map V. Sediment sensitive water bodies list b. The Site-Specific Risk Assessment includes the completion of the hand calculated R value Risk Calculator 5. Post-Construction Water Balance Calculator All dischargers subject to this requirement shall complete the Water Balance Calculator (in Appendix 2) in accordance with the instrucfions. 6. ATS Design Document and Certification All dischargers using ATS must submit electronically their system design (as well as any supporting documentation) and proof that the system was designed by a qualified ATS design professional (See Attachment F). To obtain coverage under the General Permit PRDs must be included and completed. If any ofthe required items are missing, the PRD submittal is considered incomplete and will be rejected. Upon receipt of a complete PRD submittal, the State Water Board will process the applicafion package in the order received and assign a (WDID) number. Quesfions? If you have any quesfions on complefing the PRDs please email stormwater(a)waterboards.ca.qov or call (866) 563-3107. 2009-0009-DWQ September 2, 2009 C2 NOI state Water Resources Control Board NOTICE OF INTENT GENERAL PERMIT TO DISCHARGE STORM WATER ASSOCIATED WITH CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY (WQ ORDER No. 2009-0009-DWQ) WDID: 9 37C371732 Property Owner Information Name: San Dieguito Union High School District Address: 710 Encinitas Blvd Address 2: City/State/Zip: Encinitas CA 92024 Contractor/Developer Informafion Name: San Dieguito Union High School District Address: 710 Encinitas Blvd Address 2: City/State/Zip: Encinitas CA 92024 Construction Site Information Site Name: La Costa Valley Address: 2275 Calle Barcelona City/State/Zip: Carlsbad CA 92009 County: San Diego Latitude: 33.07378 Longitude: -117.25558 Total Size of Construction Area: 28.03 Total Area to be Disturbed: 28.03 Risk Values R: 41.68 K: 0.2 LS: 2.26 Type of Construction: 'Other: School District Receiving Water: San Marcos Creek Qualified SWPPP Developer: Emma Smith RWQCB Jurisdiction: Region 9 - San Dlego Phone: 619-516-1990 Certification Name russell thomton Title: Chief Facilities Officer Risk Level: *-evei2 Type: other Contact Name: russell thomton Title: Phone #: 760-753-6491 Email: russ.thornton(@sduhsd.net Contact Name: russell thomton Title: Phone #: 760-753-6491 Email: russ.thornton(@sduhsd.net Contact Name: Russell Thornton Title: Chief Facilities Officer Site Phone #: 760-753-6491 Email: russ.thorntonigsduhsd.net Construction Start: February 02, 2015 Complete Grading: Final Stabilization: September 15, 2015 Beneficial Uses/303(d): No Certification*: 20121 Email: r9_stormwater(gwaterboards.ca.gov Date: December 02, 2014 C3 RISK ASSESSMENT (SEDIMENT AND RECEIVING WATER RISK DETERMINATION) n: Sediment Risk Factor Worksheet Entry A) R Factor Analyses of data indicated that when factors other than rainfall are held constant, soil loss is directly proportional to a rainfall factor composed of total storm kinetic energy (E) times the maximum 30-min intensity (130) (Wischmeier and Smith, 1958). The numerical value of R is the average annual sum of EI30 for storm events during a rainfall record of a least 22 years. "Isoerodent" maps were developed based on R values calculated for more than 1000 locations in the Western U.S. Refer to the link below to determine the R factor for the project site. http://cfpub.epa.qov/npdes/stormwater/LEW/lewCalculator.cfm R Factor Value 41.68 B) K Factor (weighted average, by area, for all site soils) The soil-erodibility factor K represents: (1) susceptibility of soil or surface material to erosion, (2) transportability of the sediment, and (3) the amount and rate of runoff given a particular rainfall input, as measured under a standard conditio i. Fine-textured soils that are high in clay have low K values (about 0.05 to 0.15) because the particles are resistant to detachment. Coarse-textured soils, such as sandy soils, also have low K values (about 0.05 to 0.2) because of high infiltration resulting in low runoff even though these particles are easily detached. Medium-textured soils, such as a silt loam, have moderate K values (about 0.25 to 0.45) because they are moderately susceptible to particle detachment an i they produce runoff at moderate rates. Soils having a high silt content are especially susceptible to erosion and have hi jh K values, which can exceed 0.45 and can be as large as 0.65. Silt-size particles are easily detached and tend to crust, producing high rates and large volumes of runoff. Use Site-specific data must be submitted. Site-specific K factor guidance K Factor Value 0.2 10 C) LS Factor (weighted average, by area, for all slopes) 11 12 13 IT The effect of topography on erosion is accounted for by the LS factor, which combines the effects of a hillslope-length factor, L, and a hillslope-gradient factor, S. Generally speaking, as hillslope length and/or hillslope gradient increase, sc loss increases. As hillslope length increases, total soil loss and soil loss per unit area increase due to the progressive accumulation of runoff in the downslope direction. As the hillslope gradient increases, the velocity and erosivity of runof' increases. Use the LS table located in separate tab of this spreadsheet to determine LS factors. Estimate the weighted LS for the site prior to construction. LS Table LS Factor Value 2.26 15 Watershed Erosion Estimate (=RxKxLS) in tons/acre 18.83936 16 17 18 19 20 Site Sediment Risk Factor Low Sediment Risk: < 15 tons/acre Medium Sediment Risk: >=15 and <75 tons/acr< Medium High Sediment Risk: >= 75 tons/acre iReceiving Water (RW) Risk Factor Worksheet Entry Score A. Watershed Characteristics yes/no A.1. Does the disturbed area discharge (either directly or indirectly) to 303(d)-listed waterbody impaired by sediment? For help with impaired waterbodies please check the attached worksheet or visit the link below: 2006 Approved Sediment-impared WBs Worksheet No Low http://www.waterboards.ca.aov/water issues/Droarams/tmdl/303d lists2006 epa.shtml No Low OR No Low A.2. Does the disturbed area discharge to a waterbody with designated beneficial uses c SPAWN & COLD & MIGRATORY? http://www.ice.ucdavis.edu/aeowbs/asD/wbause.asD No Low Combined Risk Level Matrix Se(jiment Risk Q) D C > O CD Low High Low Medium High Level 1 Level 2 Level 2 Level 3 Project Sediment Risk: Project RW Risk: Project Combined Risk: IVIedium Low A rail u««^swm http://water.epa.gov/polwaste/npdes/stormwater/LEW-Resufts.cfm Water: Stormwater You are here: Water»Pollution Prevention & Control »Pemniltina (NPDES> '•Stormwater >»LEW Results LEW Results Rainfall Erosivity Factor Calculator for Small Construction Sites Facility Information Start Date: 12/13/2014 End Date: 01/27/2016 Latitude: 33.0737 Longitude: -117.2555 Erosivity Index Calculator Results AN EROSIVriY INDEX VALUE OF 41.68 HAS BEEN DETERMINED FOR THE CONSTRUCTION PERIOD OF 12/13/2014 - 01/27/2016. A rain^ll erosivity factor of 5.0 or greater has been calculated for your site and period of construction. You do NOT qualify for a waiver from NPDES permitting requirements. Start Over C4 SITE MAP (INCLUDING VICINITY MAP) SHEET TITLE SITE PLAN VII VICINfTY MAP I APPENDIX T ! 04 ^- PS FUSCOE 6390 Grwmwith Drive, Su»e T70 Son Di.„a, Calll»nia9,122 .1858 554 1500 ° fa. 858,507 03 m D (0 < Q C5 SIGNED CERTIFICATION STATEMENT / FEE STATEMENT & WDID RECEIPT APPENDIX D SUBMIHED CHANGES TO PRDs / COIs (DUE TO CHANGE IN OWNERSHIP OR ACREAGE) APPENDIX E SWPPP AMENDMENT LOG & AMENDMENTS SWPPP AMENDMENTS This SWPPP shall be amended: • Whenever there is a change in construction or operafions which may affect the discharge of pollutants to surface waters, groundwater(s), or a municipal separate storm system, (MS4); or • If any conditions of the Permits is violated or the general objecfive of reducing or eliminafing pollutants in storm water discharges has not been achieved. Ifthe RWQCB determines that a permit violation has occurred, the SWPPP shall be amended and implemented within 14 calendar days after notification by the RWQCB; • Annually, prior to the defined rainy season, when required by the project's Special Provisions; and • When deemed necessary by the Engineer of Record, Qualified SWPPP Practitioner (QSP), or the Qualified SWPPP Developer (QSD). The following item will be included in each amendment: Who requested the amendment The location of the proposed change The reason for the change The original BMP proposed, if any The new BMP proposed Amendment No. Date Description Preparer Amendment No. Date Description Preparer APPENDIX F ANNUAL REPORTING REQUIREMENTS Order XVI. ANNUAL REPORTING REQUIREMENTS A. All dischargers shall prepare and electronically submit an Annual Report no later than September 1 of each year. B. The discharger shall certify each Annual Report in accordance with the Special Provisions. C. The discharger shall retain an electronic or paper copy of each Annual Report for a minimum ofthree years after the date the annual report is filed. D. The discharger shall include storm water monitoring informafion in the Annual Report consisfing of: 1. a summary and evaluafion of all sampling and analysis results, including copies of laboratory reports; 2. the analyfical method(s), method reporting unit(s), and method detecfion limit(s) of each analyfical parameter (analyfical results that are less than the method detection limit shall be reported as "less than the method detection limit"); 3. a summary of all corrective actions taken during the compliance year; 4. identification of any compliance activities or corrective acfions that were not implemented; 5. a summary of all violafions of the General Permit; 6. the names of individual(s) who performed the facility inspections, sampling, visual observafion (inspections), and/or measurements; 7. the date, place, fime of facility inspections, sampling, visual observafion (inspecfions), and/or measurements, including precipitation (rain gauge); and 8. the visual observafion and sample collection excepfion records and reports specified in Attachments C, D, and E. E. The discharger shall provide training informafion in the Annual Report consisfing of: 1. documentation of all training for individuals responsible for all acfivities associated with compliance with this General Permit; 2009-0009-DWQ 40 September 02,2009 Order documentation of all training for individuals responsible for BMP installafion, inspection, maintenance, and repair; and documentafion of all training for individuals responsible for overseeing, revising, and amending the SWPPP. 2009-0009-DWQ 41 September 02,2009 ANNUAL REPORT Order No. 2009-0009-DWQ Section XVI requires that oil dischargers prepare and submit an Annual Report no later than September 1 each year. The Annual Report confains a summary of all storm water monitoring information, compliance actions, training documentafion, and other information pertaining to permit compliance from the reporting year (July 1 through June 30). The reports ore prepored and submitted electronically via SMARTS and certified by the Legally Responsible Person (LRP) in accordance with the Permit Special Provisions. In addition, a paper copy of each Annual Report shall be retained for a minimum of three (3) years offer the report is filed. Though fhe report information is entered and submitted electronically through SMARTS, below is a summary of fhe questions and information required to be entered as port of the Annual Report. A. SITE OWNER INFORMATION B. SITE INFORMATION C. STORM WATER POLLUTION PREVENTION PL^N (SWPPP) C. I. Hos o SWPPP been prepared by a Quolified SWPPP Developer (QSD) for the construcfion project? C.2. Does the SWPPP include a Construction Site Monitoring Program (CSMP) section/element? C. 3. Are fhese documents kept onsite? D. GOOD SITE MANAGEMENT "i.e. HOUSEKEEPING" D.L Were required good site monagement "i.e.housekeeping" measures for construction materials implemented on-site in accordance wifh CGP and SWPPP? D.l .0. Was an inventor/ of the products used and/or expected to be used conducted? D.2 Were required good site management "i.e.housekeeping" measures for wosfe monogemenf implemented on-site in accordance with CGP and SWPPP? D.2.a. Is there a spill response and implementation element of the SWPPP? D.3. Were required good site management "i.e.housekeeping" measures for vehicle storage and maintenance implemented on-site in accordance wifh CGP and SWPPP? D.4. Were required good site management "i.e.housekeeping" measures for landscape materials implemented on-site in accordance with CGP and SWPPP? D.5. Wos o list of potential pollutant sources developed? D.6. Were good site monogemenf "house/ceeping" meosures to contro/ air deposition of sife materials and from sife operations implemented on-site? E. NON-STORM WATER MANAGEMENT E. I. Were meosures fo control all non-storm wafer discharges during construction implemented? E.2. Were vehicles washed in such a manner as to prevent non-storm wafer discharges fo surface wafers or to MS4 drainage systems? E. 3. Were streets cleaned in such a manner as fo prevent unauthorized non-storm wafer discharges from reaching surface waters or MS4 drainage systems? F. EROSION CONTROLS F. J. Were required erosion controls implemented on-site in accordance wifh CGP and SWPPP? G. SEDIMENT CONTROLS G. ?. Were required sediment controls implemented on-site in accordance with CGP and SWPPP? G. 2. Were immediate access roads inspected on a daily basis? H. RUN-ON AND RUN-OFF CONTROLS H. J. Was all sife run-on and run-off effectively managed? H. 2. Did Risk level 2 and 3 dischargers monitor and report run-on from surrounding areas if there was reason fo believe run-on may have contributed fo an NAL or NEL exceedance? I. RAIN EVENT ACTION PL^N (REAP) 1.1. Were REAPs developed 48 hours prior to all likely precipitafion events (50% or greater probability of producing precipitation)? 1.2. Did fhe REAPs developed meet the minimum criteria listed in fhe CGP? J. INSPECTION, MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR J. 1. Were all site inspecfions, maintenance, and repairs performed or supervised by a Qualified SWPPP Pracfitioner (QSP)? J.2. Were site inspections conducted weekly and af least once each 24-hour period during extended storm events? J.3. Were post rain evenf inspections conducted? J.4. Do your inspecfion forms/ checklists meet fhe minimum criferia listed in the CGP? J.5. During any site inspection was BMP maintenance or repairs required? (if YES, provide information) J.6. If BMP maintenance/repair or design change was needed, did implementation begin within 72 hours? K. VISUAL MONITORING K.l. Within 2 business days (48 hours) affer each qualified rain event, were visual inspecfions conducted in compliance wifh the CGP? K.2. Were all storm water discharges fhaf occurred from storage or containment systems visually observed prior fo discharge? K.3. Were the fime, date, and rain gauge reading recorded for each qualifying rain event? K.4. Within 2 business days (48 hours) prior fo each predicted rain evenf, were visual inspecfions conducted in compliance with fhe CGP ? K.B. Are all visual inspection records retained on-site? L. WATER QUALITY SAMPLING AND ANALYSIS L. 1. How many qualifying storm events (producing precipitafion of 0.5 inch or more at the time of discharge) occurred fhis past reporfing year? L.2. How mony qualifying storm events (producing precipitafion of 0.5 inch or more at the time of discharge) were sampled? L.3. For fhe sampled events, did you collect three samples, at minimum (representative of fhe flow and characteristics) each day of discharge per qualified event? L.4. Were grab samples analyzed for pH and/or turbidity? (Analytical data must be entered in fhe RAW DATA fab in SMARTS)? L.5. Were Acfive Treatment System (ATS) effluent samples taken? (Applies to projects thaf deployed ATS) M. NON-STORM WATER DISCHARGE MONITORING A4. J. Were all drainage areas monitored for authorized/ unauthorized non-storm wafer discharges quarterly? M.2. Did visual observations indicate any authorized/ unauthonzed non-storm water discharges? (Complete Form 2) M.3. Were effluent samples taken of fhe authorized/ unauthorized non-storm wafer discharge? (Analyfical data must be entered in the RAW DATA fab in SMARTS) M.4. Were the effluent samples sent fo a laboratory certified for such analyses by fhe State Department of fiealth Services? M.5. Were unauthorized non-storm wafer discharges eliminated? N. NON-VISIBLE POLLUTANT MONITORING N. 1. Were any breaches, malfunctions, leakages, or spills obsen/ed during a visual inspection? N.2. How many potential discharges of non-visible pollutants were idenfified? N.3. For each discharge evenf (of non-visible pollutants), were samples collected in compliance with the CGP? (Analytical data must be entered in the RAW DATA tab in SMARTS) N.4. For each discharge event was a comparison sample collected (uncontaminated sample that did not come info contact with fhe pollutant)? (Analytical data must be entered in fhe RAW DATA tab in SMARTS) O. WATERSHED MONITORING 0.1. Are you parf of a qualified regional watershed-based monitoring program approved by fhe Regional Water Board? P. RECORDS P. I. Are all records of all storm water monitoring informafion retained on-site? Q. NAL EXCEEDANCES Q. 1. Were any Numeric Acfion Levels (NALs) exceeded? Q.2. Were corrective acfions taken to address the NAL exceedances? (if YES, provide informafion) Q.3. Were analyfical results from any/all NAL exceedances submitted electronically to the Sfafe Water Board no later than 10 days affer fhe conclusion of the storm evenf? Q.4. Were any NAL Exceedance Reports submitted to the Regional Wafer Board? R. (NOT APPLICABLE) S. (NOT APPLICABLE) T. TRAINING T. J. Was a Qualified SWPPP Pracfitioner (QSP) in reasonable charge of SWPPP implementafion? T.2. Were all individuals conducting BMP installation, inspection, maintenance and repairs trained appropriately? T.3. Are complete training records kept on-site and available upon request? U. AUTHORIZED NON-STORM WATER DISCHARGES (NSWD) DISCHARGED U. I. Were ony authorized NSWDs discharged obsen/ed from July-September? li.2. Were any authorized NSWDs discharged observed from October-December? U.3. Were ony authorized NSWDs discharged obsen/ed from January-March? U.4. Were any authorized NSWDs discharged obsen/ed from Apn7-June? If YES fo any of the above, provide information below (Form 2). Date/Time of observafion Discharge type (Authorized or Unauthorized) Source and locafion of NSWD Name of NSWD Describe NSWD characteristics (of the NSWD source) Describe NSWD characteristics (of the NSWD droinage area and discharge location) Describe any revised or new BMPs and provide their implementation date. V. UNAUTHORIZED NON-STORM WATER DISCHARGES (NSWD) DISCHARGED V. ]. Were ony unauthorized NSWDs discharged observed from July-September? V.2. Were any unauthorized NSWDs discharged obsen/ed from October-December? V.3. Were any unauthorized NSWDs discharged observed from January-March? V.4. Were any unauthorized NSWDs discharged observed from April-June? If YES to any of the above, provide informafion below (Form 2). Dote/Time of observation Discharge type (Authorized or Unauthorized) Source and location of NSWD Nome of NSWD Describe NSWD characteristics (of the NSWD source) Describe NSWD characteristics (of the NSWD drainage area and discharge location) Describe any revised or new BMPs ond provide their implementafion dote. FORMS Please enter a general summary of any BMP deficiencies idenfified for each quorter and the corrective actions taken. Maximum up to 1000 characters. • July-September Quarter • October-December Quarter • Jonuory-Morch Quarter • April-June Quarter DAILY AVERAGES SUMMARY Data Summary for the Daily Averages of fhe Ad Hoc Reports associated with fhis Annual Report. AHACHMENTS Attach current documents related to fhe SWARM Reports. CERTIFICATION APPENDIX G RUNOFF COEFFICIENT & RUN-ONCOMPUTATION SHEETS Computation Sheet for Determining Runoff Coefficients Total Site Area = 28 (A) Existing Site Conditions Impervious Site Area^ = ^1 (B) Impervious Site Area Runoff Coefficient ^ '^ = 0.95 (C) Pervious Site Area^ = 27.99 (D) Pervious Site Area Runoff Coefficient'' = OJ (E) (BXC)+(DXE) Existing Site Area Runoff Coefficient = ^ (F) Proposed Site Conditions (after construction) Impervious Site Area^ = 4^6 (G) Impen/ious Site Area Runoff Coefl'icient ^' = 0.95 (H) Pen/ious Site Area^ = 23.4 (I) Pervious Site Area Runoff Coefficient" = OJ (J) (GXH) + (IXJ) , ^ Proposed Site Area Runoff Coefficient ^—- = ^ ^4 (•^) 1. Includes paved areas, areas covered by buildings, and other impervious surfaces. 2. Use 0.95 unless lower or higher runoff coefficient can be verified. 3. Includes areas of vegetation, most unpaved or uncovered soil surfaces, and other pervious areas. 4. See the table on the following page for typical C values. Computation Sheet for Determining Run-on Discharges storm water flows from adjacent off-site areas (referred to as "run-on") will be collected by existing and proposed brow ditches and directed to storm drain facilities. Details are provided in the Hydrology Study by Fuscoe Engineering, Inc. Copies ofthe Hydrology Maps for exisfing and proposed condifions are included in Appendix B. Figure 819.2A Runoff Coefficients for Undeveloped Areas Watershed Types Extreme High Normal Low Relief .28 -.35 Steep, rugged terrain with average slopes above 30% .20 -.28 Hilly, with average slopes ofl Oto 30% .14-.20 Rolling, with average slopes of 5 to 10% .08 -.14 Relatively flat land, with average slopes ofOto5% Soil Infiltration .12-.16 No effective soil cover, either rock or thin soil mantle of negligible infiltration capacity .08 -.12 Slow to take up water, clay or shallow loam soils of low infiltration capacity, imperfectly or poorly drained .06 -.08 Normal; well drained light or medium textured soils, sandy loams, silt and silt loams .04 -.06 High; deep sand or other soil that takes up water readily, very light well drained soils Vegetal Cover .12-.16 No effective plant cover, bare or very sparse cover .08 -.12 Poor to fair; clean cultivation crops, or poor natural cover, less than 20% of drainage area over good cover .06 -.08 Fair to good; about 50% of area in good grassland or wood- land, not more than 50% of area in cultivated crops .04 -.06 Good to excellent; about 90% of drainage area in good grassland, woodland or equivalent cover. Surface Storage .10-.12 Negligible surface depression few and shallow; drainageways steep and small, no marshes .08 -.10 Low; well defined system of small drainageways; no ponds or marshes .06 -.08 Normal; considerable surface depression storage; lakes and pond marshes .04 -.06 High; surface stor- age, high; drainage system not sharply defmed; large flood plain storage or large number of ponds or marshes. Given An undeveloped watershed consisting of; Solution; 1) rolling terrain with average slopes of 5%, Relief 2) clay type soils, Soil Inflitration 3) good grassland area, and Vegetal Cover 4) normal surface depressions. Surface Storage Find The runoff coefficient, C, for the above watershed. 0.14 0.08 0.04 0.06 C= 0.32 Table 819.2B Runoff Coefficients for Developed Areas Type of Drainage Area Runoff Coefficient Business: Downtown areas 0.70-0.95 Neighborhood areas 0.50-0.70 Residential: Single-family areas 0.30-0.50 Multi-units, detached 0.40-0.60 Multi-units, attached 0.60-0.75 Suburban 0.25 -0.40 Apartment dwelling areas 0.50-0.70 Industrial: Light areas 0.50-0.80 Heavy areas 0.60-0.90 Parks, cemeteries: 0.10-0.25 Playgrounds: 0.20-0.40 Railroad yard areas: 0.20-0.40 Unimproved areas: 0.10-0.30 Lawns: Sandy soil, flat, 2% 0.05-0.10 Sandy soil, average, 2-7% 0.10-0.15 Sandy soil, steep, 7% 0.15-0.20 Heavy soil, flat, 2% 0.13-0.17 Heavy soil, average, 2-7% 0.18 -0.25 Heavy soil, steep, 7% 0.25 -0.35 Streets: Asphaltic 0.70-0.95 Concrete 0.80-0.95 Brick 0.70-0.85 Drives and walks 0.75 -0.85 Roofs: 0.75 -0.95 APPENDIX H CONSTRUCTION ACTIVITY SCHEDULE & BMP IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE BhA? IMPLE/V^ENTATION SCHEDULE GRADING & LAND DEVELOP/vyENT PHASE Project Nome: La Costa Valley Site Improvements Adivities Associated vnth Phase: (check all that apply) ^ Demolition • Surveying • Rock Crushing ^ Excavation Finish Grade • Blasting 1^ Rough Grade • Soil Amendment(s): • Soils Testing ^ Erosion & Sediment Control Equip. Maintenance/Fueling • Other: ^ ClearingA'egetation Removal Material Delivery & Storage BMP Deployment: (check all that apply) Erosion Control BMPs: V EC-1 Scheduling / EC-7 Geotextiles & Mats EC-13 Reserved EC-2 Protect Existing Vegetation EC-8 Wood Mulching EC-1 4 Compost Blankets EC-3 Hydraulic Mulch* EC-9 Earth Dikes & Drainage EC-1 5 Soil Preparation/ EC-3 Hydraulic Mulch* Swales Roughening / EC-4 Hydroseeding* EC-10 Velocity Dissipation EC-1 6 Non-Vegetative ^ EC-5 Soil Binders* EC-11 Slope Drains Stabilization EC-6 Strav^ Mulch* EC-1 2 Streambank Stabilization Sediment Control BMPs: ^ SE-1 Silt Fence / SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm SE-11 ATS SE-2 Sediment Basin / SE-7 Street Sweeping/Vacuuming SE-1 2 Temporary Silt Dike SE-3 Sediment Trap / SE-8 Sandbag Barrier SE-1 3 Compost Socks & Berms ^ SE-4 Check Dam SE-9 Straw Bale Barrier SE-14 Biofilter Bags ^ SE-5 Fiber Rolls / SE-10 Storm Drain Inlet Protection Trackina Control & Wind Erosion Control BMPs: ^ TC-1 Stabilized Entrance/Exit TC-2 Stabilized Roadway TC-3 Entrance/Outlet Tire Wash •/ WE-1 Wind Erosion Control Non-Storm Wciter Manaaement BMPs: NS-1 Water Conservation NS-7 Potable Water/Irrigation NS-12 Concrete Curing NS-2 Dewatering Operations NS-8 Vehicle & Equip. Cleaning / NS-13 Concrete Finishing >^ NS-3 Paving & Grinding NS-9 Vehicle & Equip. Fueling NS-14 Material Use Over Water NS-4 Temp. Stream Crossing NS-10 Vehicle & Equip. Maint. NS-1 5 Demo Adi. to Water NS-5 Clear Water Diversion NS-ll Pile Driving Operations NS-1 6 Temporary Batch Plants •/' NS-6 Illicit Connection/Discharge Materials & Waste Manaaement BMPs: WM-1 Material Delivery/Storage / WM-5 Solid Waste Management / WM-8 Concrete Waste Mgmt. •/' WM-2 Material Use WM-6 Hazardous Waste Mgmt. / WM-9 Sanitary/Septic Waste / WM-3 Stockpile Management WM-7 Contaminated Soil / WM-10 Liquid Waste •/ WM-4 Spill Prevention & Control Management Management Nofe: Refer to the SWPPP Exhibits/Erosion Control Plans for BMP locations by construction phase. Not all minimum requirements may be applicable to every project. * The Contractor shall select one of the five measures or a combination thereof to stabilize inactive areos (areas of construction activity that have been disturbed but are not currently being worked on and are not scheduled to be re-disturbed for at least 1 4 days) ^ Minimum BMP B/sAP l/vyPLE/WENTATION SCHEDULE STREETS & UTILITIES Project Name: La Costa Valley Site Improvements Adivities Associated with Phase: (check ail that apply) Finish Grade Utility Install: Water/Sewer/Gas Storm Drain Installation Curb/Gutter Concrete Pour Masonry/Retaining Walls Paving Operations • Material Delivery & Storage Equip. Maintenance/Fueling Other: BMP Deployment: (check all that apply) Erosion Control BMPs: •/^ EC-1 Scheduling EC-7 Geotextiles & Mats EC-13 Reserved EC-2 Protect Existing Vegetation EC-8 Wood Mulching EC-14 Compost Blankets EC-3 Hydraulic Mulch* EC-9 Earth Dikes & Drainage EC-15 Soil Preparation/ EC-3 Hydraulic Mulch* Swales Roughening EC-4 Hydroseeding* EC-10 Velocity Dissipation EC-1 6 Non-Vegetative y EC-5 Soil Binders* EC-11 Slope Drains Stabilization EC-6 Straw Mulch* EC-1 2 Streambank Stabilization Sediment Control BMPs: ^ SE-1 Silt Fence SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm SE-11 ATS SE-2 Sediment Basin / SE-7 Street SweepingA'acuuming SE-12 Temporary Silt Dike SE-3 Sediment Trap / SE-8 Sandbag Barrier SE-13 Compost Socks & Berms ^ SE-4 Check Dam SE-9 Straw Bale Barrier SE-14 Biofilter Bags / SE-5 Fiber Rolls SE-10 Storm Drain Inlet Protection Trackina Control & Wind Erosion Control BMPs: TC-1 Stabilized Entrance/Exit TC-2 Stabilized Roadway TC-3 Entrance/Outlet Tire Wash y WE-1 Wind Erosion Control Non-Storm Wciter Manaaement BMPs: •/ NS-1 Water Consen/ation NS-7 Potable Water/Irrigation NS-12 Concrete Curing NS-2 Dewatering Operations v" NS-8 Vehicle & Equip. Cleaning NS-13 Concrete Finishing NS-3 Paving & Grinding NS-9 Vehicle & Equip. Fueling NS-1 4 Material Use Over Water NS-4 Temp. Stream Crossing NS-10 Vehicle & Equip. Mainf NS-1 5 Demo Adj. to Water NS-5 Clear Water Diversion NS-11 Pile Driving Operations NS-1 6 Temporary Batch Plants •/ NS-6 Illicit Connection/Discharge Materials & Waste Manaaement BMPs: WM-1 Material Delivery/Storage / WM-5 Solid Waste Management WM-8 Concrete Waste Mgmt. -/ WM-2 Material Use / WM-6 Hazardous Waste Mgmt. WM-9 Sanitary/Septic Waste ^ WM-3 Stockpile Management WM-7 Contaminated Soil WM-10 Liquid Waste •/" WM-4 Spill Prevention & Control Management Management Note: Refer to the SWPPP Exhibits/Erosion Control Plans for BMP locations by construction phase. Not all minimum requirements may be applicable to every project. y Minimum BMP BAAP l/V^PLE/yyENTATION SCHEDULE VERTICAL CONSTRUCTION Projed Nome: La Costa Valley Site Improvements Adivities Assodated with Phase: (check all that apply) K Framing Kl Electrical Kl Painting K Masonry Kl Plumbing Kl Stucco Kl Drywall/lnterior Walls Kl HVAC Kl Tile IXI Exterior Siding K Insulation Kl Landscaping & Irrigation 1^ Flooring Kl Roofing Kl Equip. Maintenance/Fueling 1^ Carpentry Kl Concrete Forms/Foundations • Other: BMP Deployment: (check all that apply) Erosion Control BMPs: EC-1 Scheduling EC-7 Geotextiles & Mats EC-13 Reserved EC-2 Protect Existing Vegetation EC-8 Wood Mulching EC-1 4 Compost Blankets EC-3 Hydraulic Mulch* EC-9 Earth Dikes & Drainage EC-1 5 Soil Preparation/ Swales Roughening EC-4 Hydroseeding* EC-10 Velocity Dissipation EC-1 6 Non-Vegetative ^ EC-5 Soil Binders* EC-11 Slope Drains Stabilization EC-6 Straw Mulch* EC-1 2 Streambank Stabilization Sediment Control BMPs: ^ SE-1 Silt Fence SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm SE-11 ATS SE-2 Sediment Basin SE-7 Street Sweeping/Vacuuming SE-1 2 Temporary Silt Dike SE-3 Sediment Trap / SE-8 Sandbag Barrier SE-1 3 Compost Socks & Berms ^ SE-4 Check Dam SE-9 Straw Bale Barrier SE-14 Biofilter Bags ^ SE-5 Fiber Rolls SE-10 Storm Drain Inlet Protection Trackina Control & Wind Erosion Control BMPs: ^ TC-1 Stabilized Entrance/Exit •/ TC-2 Stabilized Roadway V' TC-3 Entrance/Outlet Tire Wash ^ WE-1 Wind Erosion Control Non-Storm Water Manaaement BMPs: •/ NS-1 Water Conservation NS-7 Potable Water/Irrigation V' NS-12 Concrete Curing NS-2 Dewatering Operations / NS-8 Vehicle & Equip. Cleaning / NS-13 Concrete Finishing V NS-3 Paving & Grinding •/ NS-9 Vehicle & Equip. Fueling NS-1 4 Material Use Over Water NS-4 Temp. Stream Crossing / NS-10 Vehicle & Equip. Maint. NS-1 5 Demo Adj. to Water NS-5 Clear Water Diversion NS-1 1 Pile Driving Operations NS-1 6 Temporary Batch Plants NS-6 Illicit Connection/Discharge Materials & Waste Manaaement BMPs: WM-1 Material Delivery/Storage WM-5 Solid Waste Management / WM-8 Concrete Waste Mgmt. ^ WM-2 Material Use WM-6 Hazardous Waste Mgmt. / WM-9 Sanitary/Septic Waste V WM-3 Stockpile Management WM-7 Contaminated Soil v' WM-10 Liquid Waste •/ WM-4 Spill Prevention & Control Management Management Note: Refer to the SWPPP Exhibits/Erosion Control Plans for BMP locations by construction phase. Not all minimum requirements may be applicable to every project. Minimum BMP B/V^P l/V^PLE/V^ENTATION SCHEDULE FINAL LANDSCAPING & SITE STABILIZATION Projed Nome: Lo Costa Valley Site Improvements Activities Associated with Phase: (check al that apply) K Stabilization ED Drainage Inlet Stencils Kl Storage Yard/Material Removal Kl Landscape Installation K Irrigation System Testing K Erosion & Sediment Control BMP • Vegetation Establishment \Z\ Inlet Filtration Removal • Permanent Water Quality Features • Other: BMP Deployment: (check all that apply) Erosion Control BMPs: •/ EC-1 Scheduling EC-7 Geotextiles & Mats EC-13 Reserved EC-2 Protect Existing Vegetation EC-8 Wood Mulching EC-14 Compost Blankets EC-3 Hydraulic Mulch* EC-9 Earth Dikes & Drainage EC-1 5 Soil Preparation/ Swales Roughening ^^ EC-4 Hydroseeding* EC-10 Velocity Dissipation EC-1 6 Non-Vegetative ^ EC-5 Soil Binders* EC-11 Slope Drains Stabilization EC-6 Straw Mulch* EC-12 Streambank Stabilization Sediment Control BMPs: V SE-1 Silt Fence SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm SE-11 ATS SE-2 Sediment Basin / SE-7 Street Sweeping/Vacuuming SE-12 Temporary Silt Dike SE-3 Sediment Trap •/ SE-8 Sandbag Barrier SE-1 3 Compost Socks & Berms ^ SE-4 Check Dam SE-9 Straw Bale Barrier SE-14 Biofilter Bags ^ SE-5 Fiber Rolls / SE-10 Storm Drain Inlet Protection Trackina Controls Wind Erosion Control BMPs: ^ TC-1 Stabilized Entrance/Exit TC-2 Stabilized Roadway TC-3 Entrance/Outlet Tire Wash WE-1 Wind Erosion Control Non-Storm Water Manaaement BMPs: y NS-1 Water Conservation NS-7 Potable Water/Irrigation v' NS-12 Concrete Curing NS-2 Dewatering Operations •/ NS-8 Vehicle & Equip. Cleaning ,/ NS-13 Concrete Finishing V NS-3 Paving & Grinding NS-9 Vehicle & Equip. Fueling NS-14 Material Use Over Water NS-4 Temp. Stream Crossing NS-10 Vehicle & Equip. Maint. NS-15 Demo Adj. to Water NS-5 Clear Water Diversion NS-1 1 Pile Driving Operations NS-1 6 Temporary Batch Plants ^ NS-6 Illicit Connection/Discharge Materials & Waste Manaaement BMPs: WM-1 Material Delivery/Storage WM-5 Solid Waste Management / WM-8 Concrete Waste Mgmt. ^ WM-2 Material Use WM-6 Hazardous Waste Mgmt. / WM-9 Sanitary/Septic Waste •/ WM-3 Stockpile Management WM-7 Contaminated Soil / WM-10 Liquid Waste ^ WM-4 Spill Prevention & Control Management Management Note: Refer to the SWPPP Exhibits/Erosion Control Plans for BMP locations by construction phase. Not all minimum requirements may be applicable to every project. V Minimum BMP m? I/V^PLE/V^ENTATION SCHEDULE INACTIVE SITE Projed Name: La Cosfa Valley Site Improvements Adivities Associated with Phase: (check all that apply) Routine Site Inspection Erosion/Sediment Control Device Installation Erosion/Sediment Control Device Maintenance • Street Sweeping Trash Removal Other: BMP D^loyment: (dieck all that apply) Erosion Control BMPs: EC-1 Scheduling EC-7 Geotextiles & Mats EC-13 Reserved EC-2 Protect Existing Vegetation EC-8 Wood Mulching EC-14 Compost Blankets EC-3 Hydraulic Mulch* EC-9 Earth Dikes & Drainage EC-15 Soil Preparation/ Swales Roughening •/^ EC-4 Hydroseeding* / EC-10 Velocity Dissipation EC-1 6 Non-Vegetative ^ EC-5 Soil Binders* EC-11 Slope Drains Stabilization EC-6 Straw Mulch* EC-1 2 Streambank Stabilization Sediment Control BMPs: ^ SE-1 Silt Fence / SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm SE-11 ATS SE-2 Sediment Basin SE-7 Street Sweeping/Vacuuming SE-12 Temporary Silt Dike SE-3 Sediment Trap SE-8 Sandbag Barrier SE-1 3 Compost Socks & Berms ^ SE-4 Check Dam SE-9 Straw Bale Barrier SE-14 Biofilter Bags y SE-5 Fiber Rolls SE-10 Storm Drain Inlet Protection Trackina Controls Wind Erosion Control BMPs: ^ TC-1 Stabilized Entrance/Exit / TC-2 Stabilized Roadway TC-3 Entrance/Outlet Tire Wash ^ WE-1 Wind Erosion Control Non-Storm Water Manaaement BMPs: ^ NS-1 Water Conservation NS-7 Potable Water/Irrigation NS-12 Concrete Curing NS-2 Dewatering Operations NS-8 Vehicle & Equip. Cleaning NS-13 Concrete Finishing NS-3 Paving & Grinding NS-9 Vehicle & Equip. Fueling NS-1 4 Material Use Over Water NS-4 Temp. Stream Crossing NS-10 Vehicle & Equip. Maint. NS-1 5 Demo Adj. to Water NS-5 Clear Water Diversion NS-11 Pile Driving Operations NS-16 Temporary Batch Plants V NS-6 Illicit Connection/Discharge Materials & Waste Manaaement BMPs: WM-1 Material Delivery/Storage sT WM-5 Solid Waste Management WM-8 Concrete Waste Mgmt. WM-2 Material Use / WM-6 Hazardous Waste Mgmt. WM-9 Sanitary/Septic Waste WM-3 Stockpile Management WM-7 Contaminated Soil WM-10 Liquid Waste •/" WM-4 Spill Prevention & Control Management Management Note: Refer to the SWPPP Exhibits/Erosion Control Plans for BMP locations by construction phase. Not all minimum requirements may be applicable to every project. v^ Minimum BMP * The Contractor shall select one of the five measures or a combination thereof to stabilize inactive areas (areas of construction activity that have been disturbed but are not currently being worked on and are not scheduled to be re-disturbed for at least 14 days) APPENDIX I CASQA BMP HANDBOOK FACT SHEETS Scheduling EC-1 Description and Purpose Scheduling is the development of a written plan that includes sequencing of construction activities and the implementation of BMPs such as erosion control and sediment control while taking local climate (rainfall, vvind, etc.) into consideration. The purpose is to reduce the amount and duration of soil exposed to erosion by wind, rain, runoff, and vehicle tracking, and to perform the construction activities and control practices in accordance with the planned schedule. Suitable Applications Proper sequencing of construction activities to reduce erosion potential should be incorporated into the schedule of every construction project especially dviring rainy season. Use of other, more costiy yet less effective, erosion and sediment control BMPs may often be reduced through proper construction sequencing. Limitations • Environmental constraints such as nesting season prohibitions reduce the full capabilities of this BMP. Implementation • Avoid rainy periods. Schedule major grading operations during dry months when practical. Allow enough time before rainfall begins to stabilize the soil with vegetation or physical means or to install sediment trapping devices. • Plan the project and develop a schedule showing each phase Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control m TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS hton-Stonnwater NS Management Control WM Waste Management and WM Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Objective M Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None CAUKMtNIA tTOKMHATCJI QLAIIIV ASSOCI*! lO.S November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 3 Scheduling EC-1 of construction. Clearly show how the rainy season relates to soil disturbing and re- stabilization activities. Incorporate the construction schedule into the SWPPP. • Include on the schedule, details on the rainy season implementation and deployment of: Erosion control BMPs Sediment control BMPs - Tracking control BMPs Wind erosion control BMPs Non-stormwater BMPs - Waste management and materials pollution control BMPs • Include dates for activities that may require non-stormwater discharges such as dewatering, sawcutting, grinding, drilling, boring, crushing, blasting, painting, hydro-demolition, mortar mixing, pavement cleaning, etc. • Work out the sequencing and timetable for the start and completion of each item such as site clearing and grubbing, grading, excavation, paving, foundation pouring utilities installation, etc., to minimize the active construction area during the rainy season. - Sequence trenching activities so that most open portions are closed before new trenching begins. - Incorporate staged seeding and re-vegetation of graded slopes as work progresses. - Schedule establishment of permanent vegetation during appropriate planting time for specified vegetation. • Non-active areas should be stabilized as soon as practical after the cessation of soil disturbing activities or one day prior to the onset of precipitation. • Monitor the weather forecast for rainfall. • When rainfall is predicted, adjust the construction schedule to allow the implementation of soil stabilization and sediment treatment controls on all disturbed areas prior to the onset of ram. • Be prepared year round to deploy erosion control and sediment control BMPs. Erosion may be caused during dry seasons by vm-seasonal rainfall, wind, and vehicle tracking. Keep the site stabilized year round, and retain and maintain rainy season sediment trapping devices in operational condition. • Apply permanent erosion control to areas deemed substantially complete during the project's defined seeding vdndow. Costs Construction scheduling to reduce erosion may increase other construction costs due to reduced economies of scale in performing site grading. The cost effectiveness of scheduling techniques should be compared with the other less effective erosion and sedimentation controls to achieve a cost effective balance. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Scheduling EC-1 Inspection and Maintenance • Verify that work is progressing in accordance with the schedule. If progress deviates, take corrective actions. • Amend the schedule when changes are warranted. • Amend the schedule prior to the rainy season to show updated information on the deployment and implementation of construction site BMPs. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of Califomia Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices (EPA 832-R-92-005), U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, September 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Velocity Dissipation Devices EC-10 Description and Purpose Outlet protection is a physical device composed of rock, grouted riprap, or concrete rubble, which is placed at the outiet of a pipe or channel to prevent scour of the soil caused by concentrated, high velocity flows. Suitable Applications Whenever discharge velocities and energies at the outlets of culverts, conduits, or channels are sufficient to erode the next downstream reach. This includes temporary diversion structures to divert runon during construction. • These devices may be used at the following locations: Outlets of pipes, drains, culverts, slope drains, diversion ditches, swales, conduits, or channels. - Outlets located at the bottom of mild to steep slopes. - Discharge outlets that carry continuous flows of water. - Outlets subject to short, intense flows of water, such as flash floods. Points where lined conveyances discharge to unlined conveyances Limitations • Large storms or high flows can wash away the rock outlet protection and leave the area susceptible to erosion. Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater Management Control Waste Management and Materials Pollution Controi 0 NS WM Legend: 0 Primary Objective IS Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 Potential Alternatives None \i IttJKNUSHmMWAim November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 5 Velocity Dissipation Devices EC-10 • Sediment captured by the rock outlet protection may be difficult to remove without removing the rock. • Outlet protection may negatively impact the channel habitat. • Grouted riprap may break up in areas of freeze and thaw. • If there is not adequate drainage, and water builds up behind grouted riprap, it may cause the grouted riprap to break up due to the resulting hydrostatic pressure. • Sediment accumulation, scour depressions, and/or persistent non-stormwater discharges can result in areas of standing water suitable for mosquito production in velocit>' dissipation devices. Implementation Genera? Outlet protection is needed where discharge velocities and energies at the outlets of culverts, conduits or channels are sufficient to erode the immediate downstream reach. This practice protects the outlet from developing small eroded pools (plange pools), and protects against gully erosion resulting from scouring at a culvert mouth. Design and Layout As with most channel design projects, depth of flow, roughness, gradient, side slopes, discharge rate, and velocity should be considered in the outlet design. Compliance to local and state regulations should also be considered while working in environmentally sensitive streambeds. General recommendations for rock size and length of outlet protection mat are shown in the rock outlet protection figure in this BMP and should be considered minimums. The apron length and rock size gradation are determined using a combination of the discharge pipe diameter and estimate discharge rate: Select the longest apron length and largest rock size suggested by the pipe size and discharge rate. Where flows are conveyed in open channels such as ditches and swales, use the estimated discharge rate for selecting the apron length and rock size. Flows should be same as the culvert or channel design flow but never the less than the peak 5 year flow for temporary structures planned for one rainy season, or the lo year peak flow for temporary structures planned for two or three rainy seasons. • There are many types of energy dissipaters, with rock being the one that is represented in the attached figure. • Best results are obtained when sound, durable, and angular rock is used. • Install riprap, grouted riprap, or concrete apron at selected outlet. Riprap aprons are best suited for temporary' use during construction. Grouted or wired tied rock riprap can minimize maintenance requirements. • Rock outlet protection is usually less expensive and easier to install than concrete aprons or energj' dissipaters. It also serves to trap sediment and reduce flow velocities. • Carefully place riprap to avoid damaging the filter fabric. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Velocity Dissipation Devices EC-10 - Stone 4 in. to 6 in. may be carefully dumped onto filter fabric from a height not to exceed 12 in. - Stone 8 in. to 12 in. must be hand placed onto filter fabric, or the filter fabric may be covered vvith 4 in. of gravel and the 8 in. to 12 in. rock may be dumped from a height not to exceed 16 in. - Stone greater than 12 in. shall only be dumped onto filter fabric protected with a layer of gravel with a thickness equal to one half the DJQ rock size, and the dump height limited to twice the depth of the gravel protection layer thickness. • For proper operation of apron: Align apron with receiving stream and keep straight throughout its length. If a curve is needed to fit site conditions, place it in upper section of apron. • Outlets on slopes steeper than 10 percent should have additional protection. Costs Costs are low if material is readily available. If material is imported, costs will be higher. Average installed cost is $150 per device. Inspection and Maintenance • Inspect BMPs prior to forecast rain, daily during extended rain events, after rain events, weekly during the rainy season, and at two-week intervals during the non-rainy season. • Inspect BMPs subjected to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. Minimize areas of standing water by removing sediment blockages and filling scour depressions. • Inspect apron for displacement of the riprap and damage to the underlying fabric. Repair fabric and replace riprap that has washed away. If riprap continues to wash away, consider using larger material. • Inspect for scour beneath the riprap and around the outlet. Repair damage to slopes or underlying filter fabric immediately. • Temporary devices should be completely removed as soon as the surrounding drainage area has been stabilized or at the completion of construction. References County of Sacramento Improvement Standards, Sacramento County, May 1989. Erosion and Sediment Control Handbook, S.J. Goldman, K. Jackson, T.A. Bursztynsky, P.E., McGraw Hill Book Company, 1986. Handbook of Steel Drainage & Highway Construction, American Iron and Steel Institute, 1983. Manual of Standards of Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, Association of Bay Area Governments, May 1995. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Velocity Dissipation Devices EC-10 Metzger, M.E. 2004. Managing mosquitoes in stormwater treatment devices. University' of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Publication 8125. On-line: http:// anrcatalog.ucdavis.edu/pdf/8125.pdf Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, state of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management of the Puget Sound Basin, Technical Manual, Publication #91-75. Washington State Department of Ecology, February 1992. Water Quality Management Plan for the Lake Tahoe Region, Volume II, Handbook of Management Practices, Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, November 1988. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Velocity Dissipation Devices EC-10 3 do % -LAN vlEv^ '+0.. \rn\n =>;pe Cutlet to wel ,—-^ey i'" D '"e:;on-i-'^e''dec lo f" ^ ~ i K A A Pipe Diameter inches Discharge ft3/s Apron Length, La ft Rip Rap D50 Diameter Min inches 5 10 4 12 10 13 6 10 10 6 20 l6 8 18 30 23 12 40 26 16 30 16 8 40 26 8 24 26 50 26 12 60 30 16 For larger or higher flows consult a Registered CiWl Engineer Source: USDA - SCS November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 5 of 5 Hydroseeding EC-4 Description and Purpose Hydroseeding typically consists of applying a mixture of a hydraulic mulch, seed, fertilizer, and stabilizing emulsion with a hydraulic mulcher, to temporarily protect exposed soils from erosion by water and wind. Hydraulic seeding, or hydroseeding, is simply the method by which temporary or permanent seed is applied to the soil surface. Suitable Applications Hydroseeding is suitable for disturbed areas requiring temporary protection until permanent stabilization is established, for disturbed areas that will be re-disturbed following an extended period of inactivity, or to apply permanent stabilization measures. Hydroseeding without mulch or other cover (e.g. EC-7, Erosion Control Blanket) is not a stand-alone erosion control BMP and should be combined vvith additional measures until vegetation establishment. Typical applications for hydroseeding include: • Disturbed soil/graded areas where permanent stabilization or continued earthwork is not anticipated prior to seed germination. • Cleared and graded areas exposed to seasonal rains or temporary irrigation. • Areas not subject to heavy wear by construction equipment or high traffic. Categories EC Erosion Control 0 SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control IH NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Category IEI Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 Potential Alternatives EC-3 Hydraulic Mulch EC-5 Soil Binders EC-6 Straw Mulch EC-7 Geotextiles and Mats EC-8 Wood Mulching EC-14 Compost Blanket EC-16 Non-Vegetallve Stabilization November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 4 Hydroseeding EC-4 Limitations • Availability of hydroseeding equipment may be limited just prior to the rainy season and prior to storms due to high demand. • Hydraulic seed should be applied with hydraulic mulch or a stand-alone hydroseed application should be followed by one of the following: - Straw mulch (see Straw Mulch EC-6) - Rolled erosion control products (see Geotextile and Mats EC-7) - Application of Compost Blanket (see Compost Blanket EC-14) Hydraulic seed may be used alone only on small flat surfaces when there is sufficient time in the season to ensure adequate vegetation establishment and coverage to provide adequate erosion control. • Hydraulic seed without mulch does not provide immediate erosion control. • Temporary seeding may not be appropriate for steep slopes (i.e., slopes readily prone to rill erosion or without sudfficient topsoil). • Temporary seeding may not be appropriate in dry periods without supplemental irrigation. • Temporary vegetation may have to be removed before permanent vegetation is applied. • Temporary vegetation may not be appropriate for short term inactivity (i.e. less than 3-6 months). Implementation In order to select appropriate hydraulic seed mbctures, an evaluation of site conditions should be performed vdth respect to: - Soil conditions - Maintenance requirements - Site topography and exposure (sim/wind) - Sensitive adjacent areas - Season and climate - Water availability - Vegetation types - Plans for pennanent vegetation The local office ofthe U.S.D.A. Natural Resources Conservation Service (NRCS) is an excellent source of information on appropriate seed mixes. The following steps should be followed for implementation: • Where appropriate or feasible, soil should be prepared to receive the seed by disking or otherwise scarifying (See EC-15, Soil Preparation) the surface to eliminate crust, improve air and water infiltration and create a more favorable environment for germination and grovrth. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Hydroseeding EC-4 • Avoid use of hydraulic seed in areas where the BMP would be incompatible with future earthwork activities. • Hydraulic seed can be applied using a mtdtiple step or one step process. - In a multiple step process, hydraulic seed is applied first, followed by mulch or a Rolled Erosion Control Product (RECP). In the one step process, hydraulic seed is applied with hydraulic mulch in a hydraulic matrix. When the one step process is tised to apply the mixture of fiber, seed, etc., the seed rate should be increased to compensate for all seeds not having direct contact with the soil. • All hydraulically seeded areas should have mulch, or alternate erosion control cover to keep seeds in place and to moderate soil moisture and temperature until the seeds germinate and grow. • All seeds should be in conformance witii the Califomia State Seed Law of tbe Department of Agriculture. Each seed bag should be delivered to the site sealed and clearly marked as to species, purity, percent germination, dealer's guarantee, and dates of test. The container should be labeled to clearly reflect the amount of Pure live Seed (PLS) contained. All legume seed should be pellet inoculated. Inoculant sources should be species specific and should be applied at a rate of 2 lb of inoculant per 100 lb seed. • Commercial fertilizer should confonn to the requirements of the Califomia Food and Agricultiural Code, which can be found at http://www.leginf0.ca.g0v/.html/fac_table_0f_c0ntents.html. Fertilizer should be pelleted or granular form. • Follow up applications should be made as needed to cover areas of poor coverage or germination/vegetation establishment and to maintain adequate soil protection. • Avoid over spray onto roads, sidewalks, drainage channels, existing vegetation, etc. • Additional guidance on the comparison and selection of temporary slope stabilization methods is provided in Appendix F of the Handbook. Costs Average cost for installation and maintenance may vary from as low as $1,900 per acre for flat slopes and stable soils, to $4,000 per acre for moderate to steep slopes and/or erosive soils. Cost of seed mixtiures vary based on types of required vegetation. BMP Installed Cost per Acre Hydraulic Seed $l,9OO-$4.0OO Source: Caltrans Soil Stabilization BMP Research for Erosion and Sediment Controls, July 2007 November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Hydroseeding EC-4 Inspection and Maintenance • BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to for«»sted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. • Areas where erosion is evident should be repaired and BMPs re-applied as soon as possible. Care should be exercised to minimize the damage to protected areas while making repairs, as any area damaged will require re-application of BMPs. • Where seeds fail to germinate, or th^ germinate and die, the area must be re-seeded, fertilized, and mulched within the planting season, using not less than half the original application rates. • Irrigation ^stems, if applicable, should be inspected daily while in use to identify system malfunctions and line breaks. When Une breaks are detected, the system must be shut down immediately and breaks repaired before the system is put back into operation. • Irrigation systems should be inspected for romplete coverage and adjusted as needed to maintain complete coverage. References Soil Stabilization BMP Research for Erosion and Sediment Controls: Cost Survey Technical Memorandum, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), July 2007. Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of Califomia Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Guidance Document: Soil Stabilization for Temporary Slopes, State of Califomia Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 1999. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Soil Binders EC-5 Description and Purpose Soil binding consists of application and maintenance of a soil stabilizer to exposed soil surfaces. Soil binders are materials applied to the soil surface to temporarily prevent water and wind induced erosion of exposed soils on construction sites. Suitable Applications Soil binders are typically applied to disturbed areas requiring temporary protection. Because soil binders, when used as a stand-alone practice, can often be incorporated into the soil, they are a good alternative to mulches in areas where grading activities will soon resume. Soil binders are commonly used in the following areas: • Rough graded soils that will be inactive for a short period of time • Soil stockpiles • Temporary haul roads prior to placement of crushed rock • Compacted soil road base • Construction staging, materials storage, and layout areas Limitations • Soil binders are temporary in nature and may need reapplication. Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater 0 IEI NS Management Control ^ Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Category @ Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 Potential Alternatives EC-3 Hydraulic Mulch EC-4 Hydroseeding EC-6 Straw Mulch EC-7 Geotextiles and Mats EC-8 Wood Mulching CAI IKIKMA SIORMHAII K November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 8 Soil Binders EC-5 • Soil binders require a minimiun curing time until fijlly effective, as prescribed by the manufacturer. Curing time may be 24 hours or longer. Soil binders may need reapplication after a storm event. • Soil binders will generally experience spot failures during heavy rainfall events. If runoff penetrates the soil at the top of a slope treated with a soil binder, it is likely that the runoff vdll undercut the stabilized soil layer and discharge at a point further down slope. • Plant-material-based soil binders do not generaUy hold up to pedestrian or vehicular traffic across treated areas as well as polymeric emulsion blends or cementitious-based binders. • Soil binders may not sufficiently penetrate compacted soils. • Some soil binders are soil texture specific in terms of their effectiveness. For example, polyacrylamides (PAMs) work very well on silt and clayey soUs but their performance decreases dramatically in sandy soils. • Some soil binders may not perform well with low relative himiidity. Under rainy conditions, some agents may become slippery or leach out of the soil • Soil binders may not cure if low temperatures occur within 24 hours of application. • The water quality impacts of some chemical soil binders are relatively unknown and some may have water quality impacts due to their chemical makeup. Implementation General Considerations • Soil binders should confonn to local municipality specifications and requirements. • Site soil types will dictate appropriate soil binders to be used. • A soil binder must be environmentally benign (non-toxic to plant and animal life), easy to apply, easy to maintain, economical, and should not stain paved or painted surfaces. Soil binders should not pollute stormwater when cured. Obtain a Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) from the manufacturer to ensure non-toxicity. • Stormwater runoff from PAM treated soils shouid pass through one of the following sediment control BMP prior to discharging to surface waters. - When the total drainage area is greater than or equal to 5 acres, PAM treated areas should drain to a sediment basin. - Areas less than 5 acres should drain to sediment control BMPs, such as a sediment trap, or a series of check dams. The total number of check dams used should be maximized to achieve the greatest amount of settlement of sediment prior to discharging from the site. Each check dam should be spaced evenly in the drainage channel through which stormwater flovre are discharged off site. • Performance of soil binders depends on temperature, himiidity, and traffic across treated areas. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 8 Constructton www.casqa.org Soil Binders EC-5 • Avoid over spray onto roads, sidewalks, drainage channels, existing vegetation, etc. • Additional guidance on the comparison and selection of temporary slope stabilization methods is provided in Appendix F of the Handbook. Selecting a Soil Binder Properties of common soil binders used for erosion control are provided on Table i at the end of this Fact Sheet. Use Table i to select an appropriate soil binder. Refer to WE-i, Wind Erosion Control, for dust control soil binders. Factors to consider when selecting a soil binder include the following: • Suitability to situation - Consider where the soil binder will be applied, if it needs a high resistance to leaching or abrasion, and whether it needs to be compatible with any existing vegetation. Determine the length of time soil stabilization will be needed, and if the soil binder will be placed in an area where it will degrade rapidly. In general, slope steepness is not a discriminating factor for the listed soil binders. • Soil types and surface materials - Fines and moisture content are key properties of surface materials. Consider a soil binder's ability to penetrate, likelihood of leaching, and ability to form a surface crust on the surface materials. • Frequency of application - The frequency of application is related to the functional longevity ofthe binder, which can be affected by subgrade conditions, surface type, climate, and maintenance schedule. • Frequent applications could lead to high costs. Application frequency may be minimized if the soil binder has good penetration, low evaporation, and good longevity. Consider also that frequent application will require frequent equipment clean up. Phmt-Material'Based (Short Lived, <6 months) Blisters Guar: Guar is a non-toxic, biodegradable, natural galactomannan-based hydrocoUoid treated with dispersant agents for easy field mbdng. It should be mixed with water at the rate of ii to 15 lb per 1,000 gallons. Recommended minimum application rates are as follows: Application Rates for Guar Soil Stabilizer Slope (H:V): Flat 4:1 3:1 2:1 1:1 lb/acre: 40 45 50 60 70 Psyllium: Psyllium is composed of the finely ground muciloid coating of plantago seeds that is applied as a dry powder or in a wet slurry to the surface of the soil. It dries to form a firm but rewettable membrane that binds soil particles together, but permits germination and growth of seed. Psyllium requires 12 to 18 hours diying time. Application rates should be from 80 to 200 lb/acre, with enough water in solution to allow for a uniform slurry flow. Starch: Starch is non-ionic, cold water soluble (pre-gelatinized) granular cornstarch. The material is mixed wdth water and applied at the rate of 150 lb/acre. Approximate drying time is 9 to 12 hours. November 2009 Califomia Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 8 Soil Binders EC-5 Plant-Material-Based (Long Lived, 6-12 months) Binders Pitch and Rosin Emulsion: Generally, a non-ionic pitch and rcwin emulsion has a minimum solids content of 48%. The rosin should be a minimum of 26% of the total solids rontent. The soU stabilizer should be non-corrosive, water dilutable emulsion that upon application cures to a water insoluble binding and cementing agent. For soil erosion control applications, the emulsion is diluted and should be applied as follows: • For clayey soil: 5 parts water to 1 part emulsion • For sandy soil: 10 parts water to 1 part emulsion AppUcation can be by water truck or hydraulic seeder with the emulsion and product mucture appUed at the rate specified by the manufacturer. Polymeric Emulsion Blend Binders AcrvUc Copolymers and Polymers: Polymeric soil stabiUzers should (K)nsist of a Uquid or soUd polymer or copolymer writh an acryUc base that contains a minimum of 5596 solids. The polymeric compound should be handled and muced in a manner that wiU not cause foaming or should contain an anti-foaming agent. The polymeric emulsion should not exceed its shelf life or expiration date; manufacturers should provide the expiration date. Polymeric soil stabilizer should be readily miscible in water, non-injurious to seed or animal life, non-flammable, should provide surface soil stabilization for various soil types without totally inhibiting water infiltration, and should not re-emulsify when cured. The appUed compound typically requires 12 to 24 hours drying time. Liquid copolymer should be diluted at a rate of 10 parts water to 1 part polymer and the mixture applied to soil at a rate of 1,175 gallons/acre. Liquid Pohnmers of Methacrvlates and Acrvlates: This material (insists of a tackifier/sealer that is a liquid polymer of methacrylates and acrylates. It is an aqueous 100% acrylic emulsion blend of 40% soUds by volume that is free from styrene, acetate, vinyl, ethoj^lated surfactants or siUcates. For soil stabilization applications, it is diluted with water in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, and applied with a hydrauUc seeder at the rate of 20 gallons/acre. Drying time is 12 to 18 hours after appUcation. Copolymers of Sodium Acrvlates and Acrvlamides: These materials are non-toxic, dry powders that are copolymers of sodium acrylate and acrylamide. They are mixed with water and applied to the soil surface for erosion control at rates that are determined by slope gradient: slope Gradient (H:V) lb/acr« Flat to 5:1 3.0 - 50 5:1 to 3:1 5.0 -10.0 2:1 to 1:1 10.0 - 20.0 Polv-Acrvlamide fPAMI and Copolymer of Acrvlamide; Unear copolymer poiyacrylamide for use as a soil binder is packag^ as a dry flowable solid, as a Uquid. Refer to the manufacturer's rea)mmendation for dilution and application rates as they vary based on Uquid or diy form, site conditions and cUmate. • Limitations specific to PAM are as follows: November 2009 Califbrnia Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 4 of 8 Soil Binders EC-5 - Do not use PAM on a slope that flows into a water body without passing through a sediment trap or sediment basin. - The specific PAM copolymer formulation must be anionic. Cationic PAM should not be used in any application because of known aquatic toxicity problems. Only the highest drinking water grade PAM, certified for compUance with ANSI/NSF Standard 60 for drinking water treatment, should be used for soil appUcations. - PAM designated for erosion and sediment confrol should be "water soluble" or "linear" or "non-cross linked". - PAM should not be used as a stand-alone BMP to protect against water-based erosion. When combined with mulch, its effectiveness increases dramatically. Hvdro-Colloid Polymers: Hydro-Colloid Polymers are various combinations of dry flowable poly-acrylamides, copolymers and hydro-colloid polymers that are mixed with water and appUed to the soil surface at rates of 55 to 60 lb/acre. Drying times are o to 4 hours. Cementitious-Based Binders Gypsum: This is a formulated gypsum based product that readily mixes with water and mulch to form a thin protective crust on the soil surface. It is composed of high purity gypsum that is ground, calcined and processed into calcium sulfate hemihydrate with a minimum purity of 86%. It is mixed in a hydraulic seeder and applied at rates 4,000 to 12,000 lb/acre. Drying time is 4 to 8 hours. Applying Soil Binders After selecting an appropriate soil binder, the imfreated soil surface must be prepared before applying the soil binder. The untreated soil surface must contain sufficient moisture to assist the agent in achieving unifonn distribution. In general, the following steps should be followed: • FoUow manufacturer's written recommendations for application rates, pre-wetting of application area, and cleaning of equipment after use. • Prior to application, roughen embankment and fiU areas. • Consider the drying time for the selected soil binder and apply with sufficient time before anticipated rainfaU. Soil binders should not be appUed during or immediately before rainfaU. • Avoid over spray onto roads, sidewalks, drainage channels, sound walls, existing vegetation, etc. • Soil binders should not be applied to ft^zen soil, areas with standing water, under freezing or rainy conditions, or when the temperature is below 40''F during the curing period. • More than one treatment is often necessary, although the second treatment may be diluted or have a lower application rate. • GeneraUy, soil binders require a minimum curing time of 24 hours before they are fully effective. Refer to manufacturer's instmctions for specific cure time. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 8 Construction www.casqa.org Soil Binders EC-5 • For liquid agents: - Crown or slope ground to avoid ponding. - Uniformly pre-wet ground at 0.03 to 0.3 gal/yd» or according to manufacturer's recommendations. - Apply solution under pressure. Overlap solution 6 to 12 in. - Allow treated area to cure for the time recommended by the manufacturer; typically at least 24 hours. - Apply second treatment before first treatment becomes ineffective, using 50% appUcation rate. - In low humidities, reactivate chemicals by re-wetting with water at 0.1 to 0.2 gal/yd". Costs Costs vary according to the soil stabUizer selected for implementation. The following are approximate installed costs: Soil Binder Cost per Acre (2000)' Estimated Cost per Acre Plant-Material-Based (Short Lived) Binders $700-$9OO $770-$990 Flant-Material-Based (Long Lived) Binders $1,200-$1,500 $l,320-$i,650 Polymeric Emulsion Blend Binders $700 -$1,500 $770-$i,650 Cementitious-Based Binders $800-$l,200 $88o-$i,350 1. Source: Erosion Control Pilot Study Report, Caltrans, June 2000. 2.2009 costs reflect a 10% escalation over year 2000 costs. Escalation based on informal survey of industry trends. Note: Expected cost increase is offeet by competitive economic conditions. Inspection and Maintenance • BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Pennit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. • Areas where erosion is evident should be repaired and BMPs re-appUed as soon as possible. Care should be exercised to minimize the damage to protected areas while making repairs, as any area damaged vnll require re-application of BMPs. • Reapply the selected soU binder as needed to maintain effectiveness. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 6 of 8 Soil Binders EC-5 Table 1 Properties of Soil Binders for Erosion Control Evaluation Criteria Binder Type Evaluation Criteria Plant Material Based (Short Lived) Plant Material Based (Long Lived) Potymeric Emulsion Blends Cementitious- Based Binders Relative Cost Low Moderate to High Low to High Low to Moderate Resistance to Leaching High High Low to Moderate Moderate Resistance to Abrasion Moderate Low Moderate to High Moderate to High Longevity Short to Medium Medium Medium to Long Medium Minimum Curing Time before Rain 9 to 18 hours 19 to 24 hours 0 to 24 hours 4 to 8 hours Compatibility with Existing Vegetation Good Poor Poor Poor Mode of Degradation Biodegradable Biodegradable Photodegradable/ Chemically Degradable Photodegradable/ Chemically Degradable Labor Intensive No No No No Specialized Application Equipment Water Truck or Hydraulic Mulcher Water Truck or Hydraulic Mulcher Water Truck or Hydraulic Mulcher Water Truck or Hydraulic Mulcher Liquid/Powder Powder Liquid liquid/Powder Powder Surface Crusting Yes, but dissolves on rewetting Yes Yes, but dissolves on rewetting Yes dean Up Water Water Water Water Erosion Control Application Rate Varies Varies <" Varies 4,000 to 12,000 lbs/acre (1) See Implementetion fbr spediic rates. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 7 of 8 Soil Binders EC-5 References Erosion Ck)ntrol Pilot Study Report, State of Califomia Department of Transportation (Caltrans), June 2000. Manual of Standards of Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, Association of Bay Area Govemments, May 1995. Sedimentation and Erosion Control, An Inventory of Current Practices Draft, US EPA, i^ril 1990. Stormwater Quality Handbooks Constmction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of CaUfomia Department of Transportation (Calfrans), March 2003. Guidance Document: Soil Stabilization for Temporary Slopes, State of C^aliforaia Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 1999. Stormwater Management for Constmction Activities, Developing PoUution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 8 of 8 Construction www.casqa.org Geotextiles and Mats EC-7 Description and Purpose Mattings, or Rolled Erosion Control Products (RECPs), can be made of natural or synthetic materials or a combination of the two. RECPs are used to cover the soil surface to reduce erosion from rainfall impact, hold soil in place, and absorb and hold moisture near the soil surface. AdditionaUy, RECPs may be used to stabilize soils until vegetation is established or to reinforce non-woody surface vegetation. Suitable Applications RECPs are typically applied on slopes where erosion hazard is high and vegetation will be slow to establish. Mattings are also used on stream banks, swales and other drainage channels where moving water at velocities between 3 ft/s and 6 ft/s are likely to cause scour and wash out new vegetation, and in areas where the soil surface is disturbed and where existing vegetation has been removed. RECPs may also be used when seeding cannot occur (e.g., late season construction and/or the arrival of an early rain season). RECPs should be considered when the soils are fine grained and potentially erosive. RECPs should be considered in the foUowing situations. • Steep slopes, generally steeper than 3:1 (H: V) • Slopes where the erosion potential is high • Slopes and disturbed soils where mulch must be anchored • Disturbed areas where plants are slow to develop Categories EC Erosion Control a SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control g) NS Non-Stontiwater NS Management Control WM Waste Management and WM Materials Pollulion Control Legend: 0 Primary Category Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 Potential Alternatives EC-3 Hydraulic Mulch EC-4 Hydroseeding CAIIIORMA STORMWAnil November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org lof 12 Geotextiles and Mats EC-7 • Channels with flows exceeding 3.3 ft/s • Channels to be vegetated • StockpUes • Slopes adjacent to water bodies Limitations • RECP instaUed costs are generally higher than other erosion control BMPs, Umiting their use to areas where other BMPs are ineffective (e,g. channels, steep slopes). • RECPs may delay seed germination, due to reduction in soU temperature, • RECPs are generally not suitable for excessively rocky sites or areas where the final vegetation wiU be mowed (since staples and netting can catch in mowers). If a staple or pin cannot be driven into the soil because the tmderlying sofl is too hard or rocky, then an alternative BMP should be selected. • If used for temporary erosion control, RECPs should be removed and disposed of prior to appUcation of permanent soil stabilization measures. • The use of plastic should be Umited to covering stockpUes or very small graded areas for short periods of time (such as through one imminent storm event) until more environmentaUy friendly measures, such as seeding and mulching, may be instaHed. - Plastic sheeting is easily vandalized, easily tom, photodegradable, and must be disposed of at a landfiU. - Plastic sheeting results in 100% runoff, which may cause serious erosion problems in the areas receiving the increased flow, • RECPs may have Umitations based on soU tyrpe, slope gradient, or channel flow rate; consult the manufacturer for proper selection. • Not suitable for areas that have foot traffic (tripping hazard) - e.g., pad areas aroimd buildings under constmction. • RECPs that incorporate a plastic netting (e.g. sfraw blanket typically uses a plastic netting to hold the straw in place) may not be suitable near known wildUfe habitat. WildUfe can become trapped in the plastic netting. • REC^Ps may have Umitations in extremely windy climates. However, when RECPs are properly frenched at the top and bottom and stapled in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations, problems with wind can be minimized. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 12 Construction www.casqa.org Geotextiles and Mats EC-7 Implementation Material Selection • Natural RECPs have been found to be effective where re-vegetation wiU be provided by re- seeding. The choice of material should be based on the size of area, side slopes, surface conditions such as hardness, moisture, weed growth, and availabiUty of materials, • Additional guidance on the comparison and selection of temporary slope stabilization methods is provided in Appendix F of the Handbook. • The following natural and synthetic RECPs are commonly used: Geotextiles • Material can be a woven or a non-woven polypropylene fabric with minimum thickness of 0.06 m., minimum width of 12 ft and should have minimum tensUe strength of 150 lbs (warp), 80 lbs (fill) m conformance with the requirements in ASTM Designation: D 4632. The permittivity ofthe fabric should be approximately 0.07 sec* in confonnance with the requirements in ASTM Designation: D4491. The fabric should have an ultraviolet (UV) StabiUty of 70 percent in conformance witii the requirements in ASTM designation: D4355. Geotextile blankets must be secured in place with wire staples or sandbags and by keying into tops of slopes to prevent infilfration of surface waters under geotextile. Staples should be made of minimum 11 gauge steel wire and should be U-shaped with 8 in. legs and 2 in. crown. Geotextiles may be reused if ihey are suitable for the use intended. Plastic Covers m Generally plastic sheeting should only be used as stockpile covering or for very smaU graded areas for short periods of time (such as through one imminent storm event). If plastic sheeting must be used, choose a plastic that wiU withstand photo degradation. • Plastic sheeting should have a minimum thickness of 6 mils, and must be keyed in at the top of slope (when used as a temporary slope protection) and firmly held in place with sandbags or other weights placed no more than 10 ft apart. Seams are typically taped or weighted down their entire length, and there should be at least a 12 in. to 24 in. overlap of aU seams. Edges should be embedded a minimum of 6 in, in soil (when used as a temporary slope protection). • All sheeting must be inspected periodicaUy after instaUation and after significant rainstorms to check for erosion, undermining, and anchorage failure. Any failures must be repaired immediately. If washout or breakages occur, the material should be re-installed after repairing the damage to the slope, JSrosion Control Blankets/Mats m Biodegradable RECPs are fypically composed of jute fibers, curled wood fibere, sfraw, coconut fiber, or a combination of these materials. In order for an RECP to be considered 100% biodegradable, the netting, sewing or adhesive system that holds the biod^radable mulch fibers together must also be biodegradable. See typical installation details at the end ofthis fact sheet November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 12 ConstrucUon www.casqa.org Geotextiles and Mats EC-7 - Jute is a natural fiber that is made into a yam that is loosely woven into a biodegradable mesh. The performance of jute as a stand-alone REC!P is low. Most other RECTs outperform jute as a temporary erosion control product and therefore jute is not commonly used. It is designed to be used in conjunction wdth vegetation. The material is supplied in rolled strips, which should be secured to the soil with U-shaped staples or stakes in accordance with manufacturers' recommendations. - Excelsior (curled wood fiber) blanket material should consist of machine produced mats of curled wood excelsior with 80 percent of the fiber 6 m. or longer. "Ilie excelsior blanket should be of consistent thickness. The wood fiber must be evenly distributed over the entire area ofthe blanket. The top surface ofthe blanket should be covered with a photodegradable extmded plastic mesh. The blanket should be smolder resistant without the use of chemical additives and should be non-toxic and non-injurious to plant and animal life. Excelsior blankets should be fumished in rolled strips, a minimum of 48 in. wide, and should have an average wei^t of 0.8 lb/yd», ±10 percent, at the time of manufacture. Excelsior blankets must be sanired in place with wire staples. Staples should be made of minimum 11 gauge steel wire and should be U-shaped with 8 in. legs and 2 in. crown. - Straw blanket should be machine produced mats of straw with a lightweight biodegradable netting top layer. The straw should be attached to the netting with biodegradable thread or glue strips. The straw blanket should be of consistent thickness. The sfraw should be evenly distributed over the entire area of the blanket Sfraw blanket should be fiimished in roUed strips a minimum of 6.5 ft wide, a minhnum of 80 ft long and a minimum of 0.5 lb/yd». Straw blankets must be secured m place with wire staples. Staples should be made of minimum 11 gauge steel wire and should be U-shaped with 8 in. l^s and 2 in. crown. - Wood fiber blanket is composed of biodegradable fiber mulch with extmded plastic netting held together with adhesives. The material is designed to enhance re-vegetation. The material is fiimished in roUed strips, which must be secured to the ground with U- shaped staples or stakes in accordance with manufacturers' recommendations. - Coconut fiber blanket should be a machine produced mat of 100 percent coconut fiber with biodegradable netting on the top and bottom. The coconut fiber should be attadied to the netting with biodegradable thread or glue strips. The coconut fiber blanket should be of consistent thickness. The coconut fiber should be evenly distributed over the entire area ofthe blanket Coconut fiber blanket should be furnished in rolled strips with a minimum of 6.5 ft wide, a minimum of 80 ft. long and a minimum of 0.5 lb/yd*. Coconut fiber blankets must be secured in place with wire staples. Staples should be made of minimum 11 gauge steel wire and should be U-shaped with 8 in. legs and 2 in. crown. • Coconut fiber mesh is a thin permeable membrane made from coconut or com fiber that is spun into a yam and woven into a biodegradable mat It is designed to be used m conjunction with vegetation and typicaUy has longevity of several years. The material is suppUed in rolled strips, which must be secured to the soU with U-shaped staples or stakes in accordance witii manufacturers' recommendations. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 12 Construction www.casqa.org Geotextiles and Mats EC-7 - straw coconut fiber blanket should be machine produced mats of 70 percent straw and 30 percent coconut fiber with a biodegradable netting top layer and a biodegradable bottom net The straw and coconut fiber should be attached to the netting with biodegradable thread or glue strips. The sfraw coconut fiber blanket should be of consistent thickness. The straw and coconut fiber should be evenly distributed over the entire area of the blanket Sfraw coconut fiber blanket should be fumished in roUed strips a minimum of 6,5 ft wide, a minimum of 80 ft long and a mmimum of 0.5 lb/yd*. Straw coconut fiber blankets must be secured in place with wire staples. Staples should be made of minimum 11 gauge steel wire and should be U-shaped with 8 in. legs and 2 in. crown. Non-biodegradable RECPs are typically composed of polypropylene, polyethylene, nylon or other synthetic fibers. In some cases, a combination of biodegradable and synthetic fibers is used to constmct the RECP. Netting used to hold these fibers together is typicaUy non- biodegradable as well - Plastic netting is a Ughtweight biaxiaUy oriented netting designed for securing loose mulches Uke straw or paper to soil surfaces to ^tablish vegetation. The netting is photodegradable. The netting is supplied in roUed strips, which must be secured with U- shaped staples or stakes in accordance with manufacturers' recommendations. - Plastic mesh is an open weave geotextile that is composed of an extmded synthetic fiba* woven into a mesh with an opening size of less than ¥4 in. It is used with re- vegetation or may be used to secure loose fiber such as straw to the ground. The material is supplied in rolled strips, which must be secured to the soU with U-shaped staples or stakes in accordance with manufacturers' recommendations. - Synthetic fiber with netting is a mat that is composed of durable synthetic fibers treated to resist chemicals and ultraviolet light The mat is a dense, three dimensional mesh of synthetic (typicaUy polyolefin) fibers stitched between two polypropjdene nets. The mats are designed to be re-vegetated and provide a permanent composite system of soil, roots, and geomatrix. The material is fumished in rolled strips, which must be secured vnth U-shaped staples or stakes in accordance with manufacturers' recommendations. - Bonded ^^thetic fibers consist of a three dimensional geomatrix nylon (or other synthetic) matting. Typically it has more than 90 percent open area, which faciUtates root growth. It's tough root reinforcing system anchors vegetation and protects against hydraulic lift and shear forces created by high volume discharges. It can be instaUed over prepared soil, foUowed by seeding into the mat. Once vegetated, it becomes an invisible composite system of soil, roots, and geomatrix. The material is furnished in roUed strips tikat must be secured with U-shaped staples or stakes in accordance with manufacturers' recommendations. - Combination synthetic and biodegradable RECPs consist of biodegradable fibers, such as wood fiber or coconut fiber, with a heavy polypropylene net stitched to the top and a high strength continuous filament geomatrix or net stitched to the bottom. The material is designed to enhance re-vegetation. The material is fiimished in rolled strips, November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 12 Construction www.casqa.org Geotextiles and Mats EC-7 which must be secured with U-shaped staples or stakes in accordance with manufacturers' recommendations. Site Preparation • Proper soil preparation is essential to ensure complete contact of the RECP with the soU. SoU Roughening is not recommended in areas where RECPs wiU be instaUed. • Grade and shape the area of instaUation. • Remove all rocks, clods, vegetation or other obstmctions so that the instaUed blankets or mats wfll have complete, direct contact vnth the soil. • Prepare seedbed by loosening 2 to 3 in, of topsoil. Seeding/PUmting Seed the area before blanket installation for erosion control and re-vegetation. Seeding after mat instaUation is often specified for turf reinforcement application. When seeding prior to blanket installation, aU areas disturbed during blanket instaUation must be re-seeded. Where sofl fiUing is specified for turf reinforcement mats (TRMs), seed the matting and the entire disturbed area after installation and prior to filUng the mat with soU. Fertilize and seed in accordance with seeding specifications or other fypes of landscaping plans. The protective matting can be laid over areas where grass has been planted and the seedUngs have emerged. Where vines or other ground covers are to be planteai, lay the protective matting first and then plant through matting according to design of planting. Check Slots Check slots shaU be instaUed as required by the manufacturer. Laying and Securing Matting m Before laying the matting, aU check slots should be instaUed and the seedbed should be firiable, made free fi^m clods, rocks, and roots. The surface should be compacted and finished according to the requirements ofthe manufacturer's recommendations. • Mechanical or manual lay down equipment should be capable of handling fuU rolls of fabric and laying the fabric smoothly without wrinkles or folds. The equipment should meet the fabric manufacturer's recommendations or equivalent standards. Anchoring m U-shaped wire staples, metal geotextile stake pins, or triangular wooden stakes can be used to anchor mats and blankets to the ground surface. • Wire staples should be made of minimum 11 gauge steel wire and should be U-shaped with 8 in. legs and 2 in, crown, • Metal stake pins should be 0.188 in, diameter steel with a 1.5 in, steel washer at the head of the pin, and 8 in. in length, • Wire staples and metal stakes should be driven flush to the soU surface. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 6 of 12 Constructton www.casqa.org # Geotextiles and Mats EC-7 Installation on Slopes InstaUation should be m accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. In general, these wiU be as foUowrs: • Begin at the top of the slope and anchor the blanket in a 6 in, deep by 6 in, wide trench. Backfill trench and tamp earth firmly. • UnroU blanket down slope in the direction of water flow. • Overlap the edges of adjacent paraUel roUs 2 to 3 in. and staple every 3 ft (or greater, per manufacturer's specifications). • When blankets must be spliced, place blantets end over end (shingle sfyle) vnth 6 in. overlap. Staple through overlapped area, approximately 12 m. apart • Lay blankets loosely and maintain direct contact with the sofl. Do not stretch. • Staple blankets sufficiently to anchor blanket and maintain contact with the soil. Staples should be placed down the center and staggered with the staples placed along the edges. Steep slopes, 1:1 (H:V) to 2:1 (H:V), require a minhnum of 2 staples/yd^*. Moderate slopes, 2:i (H:V) to 3:1 (H:V), require a minimum ofi V2 staples/yd*. Check manufacturer's specifications to determine if a higher densify staple pattem is required. Installation in Channels InstaUation should be in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. In general, these wiU be as foUows: • Dig initial anchor trench 12 in. deep and 6 m. wide across the channel at the lower end of the project area. • Excavate intermittent check slots, 6 in. deep and 6 in. wide across the channel at 25 to 30 ft intervals along the channels. • Cut longitudinal channel anchor trenches 4 in, deep and 4 in. wide along each side of the installation to bury edges of matting, whenever possible extend matting 2 to 3 in. above the crest of the channel side slopes, • Beginning at the downstream end and in the center of the channel, place the initial end of the first roU m the anchor trench and secure with fastening devices at 12 in, intervals. Note: matting wiU initiaUy be upside down in anchor trench. ^ • In the same manner, position adjacent roUs in anchor trench, overlapping the preceding roH aminimum of sin. • Secure these initial ends of mats with anchors at 12 in. intervals, backfiU and compact soU. • UnroU center strip of matting upstream. Stop at next check slot or terminal anchor trench. UnroU adjacent mats upsfream in simUar fashion, maintaining a 3 in. overlap. November 2009 Califomia Stermwater BMP Handbook 7 of 12 Construction www.casqa.org Geotextiles and Mats EC-7 • Fold and secure aU rolls of matting snugly into all transverse check slots. Lay mat in the bottom of the slot then fold back against itself. Anchor through both layers of mat at 12 in, intervals, tiien backfiU and compact soU. Continue roUmg aU mat widths upstream to the next check slot or terminal anchor trench. • Altemate method for non-critical installations: Place two rows of anchors on 6 in. centers at 25 to 30 ft. intervals m lieu of excavated check slots, • Staple shingled lap spliced ends a minimum of 12 in. apart on 12 in. intervals, • Place edges of outside mats in previously excavated longitudinal slots; anchor using prescribed staple pattern, bacfcSU, and compact soiL • Anchor, fill, and compact upsfream end of mat in a 12 in. by 6 in. terminal trench, > Secure mat to ground surface using U-shaped wfre staples, geotextile pins, or wooden stakes. • Seed and fiU turf reinforcement matting with sofl, if specified. Soil Pilling (ifspecifiedfor tiafreij\forcentent mat CPRM)) Installation should be in accordance with the manufacturer's recommendations. Typical installation guideUnes are as foUows: • After seeding, spread and lightly rake V2-3/4 inches of fine topsoU into the TRM apertures to completely fiU TRM thickness. Use backside of rake or other flat implement • Altematively, if allowed by product specifications, spread topsoU using Ughtweight loader, backhoe, or other power equipment Avoid sharp tums with equipment, • Always consult the manufacturer's recommendations for instaUation, • Do not drive tracked or heavy equipment over mat, • Avoid any fraffic over matting if loose or wet soil conditions exist. • Use shovels, rakes, or brooms for fine grading and touch up. • Smooth out soU fiUing just exposing top netting of mat Temporary Soil Stabilization Removal m Temporary soU stabilization removed from the site of the work must be disposed of if necessary. Costs Installed costs can be relatively high compared to other BMPs. Approximate costs for installed materials are shown below: November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 8 of 12 Construction www.casqa.org Geotextiles and Mats EC-7 Rolled Erosion Control Products Installed Cost per Acre (2000)* Estimated Cost per Acre (2009)* Biodegradable Jute Mesh $6,000-$7,000 $6,6oo-$7,700 Biodegradable Curled Wood Fiber $8,ooo-$io,50o $8,8oo-$ii,05o Biodegradable Straw $8,ooo-$io,50o $8,8oo-$u,050 Biodegradable Wood Fiber $8,ooo-$io,50o $8,8oo-$u,050 Biodegradable Coconut Fiber $i3,ooo-$i4,ooo $i4,30o-$i5,400 Biodegradable Coconut Fiber Mesh $30,ooo-$33,ooo $33.0oo-$36,30o Biodegradable Straw Coconut Fiber $10,000-$12,000 $U,000-$13,200 Non-Biodegradable Plastic Netting $2,000-$2,200 $2,200-$2,220 Non-Biodegradable Plastic Mesh $3,ooo-$3,SOO $3,300-$3,850 Non-Biodegradable Synthetic Fiber with Netting $34,ooo-$40,ooo $37^oo-$44,ooo Non-Biodegradable Bonded ^thetic Fibers $45,ooo-$55,ooo $49.500-$6o,5oo Non-Biodegradable Combination with Biodegradable $30,ooo-$36,ooo $33.ooo-$39.6oo 1. Source: Erosion Control PUot StudyRepoit, Caltrans, June 2000. 2. aoo9 costs reflect a 10% escalation over year 2000 costs. Escalation based on infonnal survey of industty trends. Kote: Expected cost inaease is of^t by competitive economic conditions. Inspection and! Maintenance • RECPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk leveL It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. > Areas where erosion is evident shaU be repaired and BMPs reapplied as soon as possible. Care should be exercised to minimize the damage to protected areas while making repaii^, as any area damaged will require reapplication of BMPs. • If washout or breakage occurs, re-mstaU the material after repairing the damage to the slope or channel. • Make sure matting is uniformly in contact with the sofl, • Check that aU the lap joints are secure, • Check that staples are flush with tbe ground. References Erosion and Sediment Confrol Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Qualify, February 2005 Erosion CJontrol Pilot Study Report, State of Califomia Department of Transportation (Caltrans), June 2000, Guides for Erosion and Sediment CJonfrols m CaUfomia, USDA Soils Conservation Service, January 1991, November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 9 of 12 Geotextiles and Mats EC-7 National Managonent Measures to Control Nonpoint Source PoUution from Urt>an Areas, United States Envfronmental Protection Agency, 2002. Stormwater QuaUfy Handbooks Constraction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of cialifomia Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Guidance Document: SoU StabUization for Temporary Slopes, State of CaUfomia Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 1999. Stonnwater Management ofthe Puget Sound Basin, Technical Manual, Publication #91-75. Washington State Department of Ecology, Febmary 1992. Water QuaUty Management Plan for The Lake Tahoe Region, Volume II, Handbook of Management Practices, Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, November 1988. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 10 of 12 Constructton www.casqa.org e Geotextiles and Mats EC-7 •6" X 6" anchor trencti Mots/blankets stiould be installed vertically downslope. ISOMETRIC VIEW Fa^b^r^L' TYPICAL SLOPE ' '^^^^ ^typicoi i SOIL STABLIZATION FITS NOTES: _Non-^woven eotextile fitter nder treotment. WET SLOPE LINING NTS 1. Slope surfoce stioll be free of rocks, clods, sticks and gross. Mots/blonkets sholl have good soil contoct. 2. Loy blankets loosely ond stoke or staple to nnaintoin direct contoct with the soil. Do not stretch. 3. Install per monufocturer's recommendotions TYPICAL INSTALLATION DETAIL November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook construction www.casqa.org 11 of 12 Geotextiles and Mats EC-7 INITIAL CHANNEL ANCHOR TRENCH NTS Stoke ot 3' to 5' intervals TERMINAL SLOPE AND CHANNEL ANCHOR TRENCH NTS Check slot at 25'-30' intervals ISOMETRIC VIEW NTS r4" X 4" onchor shoe INTERMITTENT CHECK SLOT LONGITUDINAL ANCHOR TRENCH NTS NTS NOTES: 1. Check slots to be constructed per monufocturers specifications. 2. Stoking or stapling loyout per monufocturers specifications. 3. Install per manufacturer's recommendations TYPICAL INSTALLATION DETAIL November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 12 of 12 Silt Fence SE-1 Description and Purpose A silt fence is made of a woven geotextile that has been entrenched, attached to supporting poles, and sometimes backed by a plastic or wire mesh for support. The silt fence detains sediment-laden water, promoting sedimentation behind the fence. Suitable Applications Silt fences are suitable for perimeter control, placed below areas where sheet flows discharge from the site. They could also be used as interior controls belovv disturbed areas where runoff may occur in the form of sheet and rill erosion and around inlets within disturbed areas (SE-io). Silt fences are generally ineffective in locations where the flow is concentrated and are only applicable for sheet or overland flows. Silt fences are most effective when used in combination with erosion controls. Suitable applications include: • Along the perimeter of a project. • Below the toe or down slope of exposed and erodible slopes. • Along streams and channels. • Around temporarv' spoil areas and stockpiles. • Around inlets. • Below other small cleared areas. Categories EC SE TC WE NS WM Erosion Control Sediment Control Tracking Control Wind Erosion Control Non-Stonnwater Management Control Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control 0 Legend: 0 Primary Category IS Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 Potential Alternatives SE-5 Fiber Rolls SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm SE-8 Sandbag Bamer SE-10 Storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-14 Biofilter Bags CASQA November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 8 Silt Fence SE-1 Limitations • Do not use in streams, channels, drain inlets, or anywhere flow is concentrated. • Do not use in locations where ponded water may cause a flooding hazard. Runoff tv picalh' ponds temporarily on the upstream side of silt fence. • Do not use silt fence to divert water flows or place across any contour line. Fences not constmcted on a lev el contour, or fences used to divert flow will concentrate flows resulting in additional erosion and possibly overtopping or failure of the silt fence. • Improperly installed fences are subject to failure from undercutting, overtopping, or collapsing. • Not effective unless trenched and keyed in. • Not intended for use as mid-slope protection on slopes greater than 4:1 (H:V). • Do not use on slopes subject to creeping, slumping, or landslides. Implementation General A silt fence is a temporary- sediment barrier consisting of woven geotextile stretched across and attached to supporting posts, trenched-in, and, depending upon the strength of fabric used, supported v\ith plastic or wire mesh fence. Silt fences trap sediment by intercepting and detaining small amounts of sediment-laden mnoff from disturbed areas in order to promote sedimentation behind the fence. The following layout and installation guidance can improve performance and shouid be followed: • Use principally in areas where sheet flow occurs. • Install along a level contour, so vvater does not pond more than 1.5 ft at any point along the silt fence. • The maximum length of slope draining to any point along the silt fence should be 200 ft or less. a The maximum slope perpendicular to the fence line should be i:i. • Provide sufticient room for mnoff to pond behind the fence and to aUow sediment removal equipment to pass between the silt fence and toes of slopes or other obstructions. About 1200 ft2 of ponding area should be provided for every acre draining to the fence. • Turn the ends of the filter fence uphill to prevent stormwater from flowing around the fence. • Leave an undisturbed or stabilized area immediately down slope from the fence where feasible. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 8 Construction www.casqa.org Silt Fence SE-1 • Silt fences should remain in place until the disturbed area is permanently stabilized, after which, the silt fence should be removed and properiy disposed. • Silt fence should be used in combination with erosion source controls up slope in order to provide the most effective sediment control. • Be aware of local regulations regarding the t>pe and installation requirements of silt fence, which may differ from those presented in this fact sheet. Design and Layout The fence should be supported by a plastic or wire mesh if the fabric selected does not have sufficient strength and bursting strength characteristics for the planned application (as recommended by the fabric manufacturer). Woven geotextile material should contain ultraviolet inhibitors and stabilizers to provide a minimum of six months of expected usable construction life at a temperature range of o °F to 120 °F. • Layout in accordance with attached figures. • For slopes steeper than 2:1 (H:V) and that contain a high number of rocks or large dirt clods that tend to dislodge, it may be necessary to install additional protection immediately adjacent to the bottom ofthe slope, prior to installing siU fence. Additional protection may be a chain link fence or a cable fence. • For slopes adjacent to sensitive receiving waters or Environmentally Sensitive Areas (ESAs), silt fence should be used in conjunction v\ith erosion control BMPs. Standard os. Heavy Duty Silt Fence Standard SUt Fence m Generally applicable in cases where the slope of area draining to the silt fence is 4:1 (H:V) or'less. • Used for shorter durations, t>T3ically 5 months or less • Area draining to fence produces moderate sediment loads. Heavy Duty Silt Fence • Use is generally limited to 8 months or less. • Area draining to fence produces moderate sediment loads. • Heavy duty silt fence usually has 1 or more of the following characteristics, not possessed by standard silt fence. o Fence fabric has higher tensile strength. o Fabric is reinforced with wire backing or additional support. o Posts are spaced closer than pre-manufactured, standard silt fence products. o Posts are metal (steel or aluminum) Materials Standard Silt Fence • Sih fence material should be woven geotextile with a minimum width of 36 in. and a minimum tensile strength of 100 lb force. The fabric should conform to the requirements in ASTM designation D4632 and should have an integral reinforcement layer. The November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 8 Construction www.casqa.org Silt Fence SE-1 reinforcement layer should be a polypropylene, or equivalent, net provided by the manufacturer. The permittivity of the fabric should be between o.i sec ' and 0.15 sec ' in conformance with the requirements in ASTM designation D4491- • Wood stakes should be commercial quality lumber of the size and shape shown:i on the plans. Each stake should be free from decay, splits or cracks longer than the thickness of the stake or other defects that would weaken the stakes and cause the stakes to be stmcturally unsuitable. • Staples used to fasten the fence fabric to the stakes should be not less than 1.75 in. long and should be fabricated from 15 gauge or heavier wire. The wire used to fasten the tops ofthe stakes together when joining two sections of fence should be 9 gauge or heavier wire. Galvanizing of the fastening wire will not be required. Heav^'-Dutv Silt Fence • Some silt fence has a wire backing to provide additional support, and there are products that may use prefabricated plastic holders for the silt fence and use metal posts or bar reinforcement instead of wood stakes. If bar reinforcement is used in lieu of wood stakes, use number four or greater bar. Provide end protection for any exposed bar reinforcement for health and safety purposes. Installation Guidelines - Traditional Method Silt fences are to be constructed on a level contour. Sufficient area should exist behind the fence for ponding to occur without flooding or overtopping the fence. • A trench should be excavated approximately 6 in. wide and 6 in. deep along the line of the proposed silt fence (trenches should not be excavated wider or deeper than necessary for proper silt fence installation). • Bottom of the sUt fence should be keyed-in a minimum of 12 in. • Posts should be spaced a maximum of 6 ft apart and driven securely into the ground a minimum of 18 in. or 12 in. below the bottom ofthe trench. • When standard strength geotextile is used, a plastic or wire mesh support fence should be fastened securely to the upslope side of posts using heavy-duty wire staples at least 1 in. long. The mesh should extend into the trench. • When extra-strength geotextile and closer post spacing are used, the mesh support fence may be eliminated. • Woven geotextile should be purchased in a long roll, then cut to the length of the barrier. When joints are necessar>', geotextile should be spliced together only at a support post, with a minimum 6 in. overlap and both ends securely fastened to the post. • The trench should be backfilled vsith native material and compacted. • Construct silt fences with a setback of at least 3 ft from the toe of a slope. Where, due to specific site conditions, a 3 ft setback is not available, the silt fence may be constmcted at the November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 8 Construction www.casqa.org Silt Fence SE-1 toe ofthe slope, but should be constmcted as far from the toe of the slope as practicable. SiU fences close to the toe ofthe slope will be less effective and more difficult to maintain. • Construct the length of each reach so that the change in base elevation along the reach does not exceed 1/3 the height of the barrier; in no case should the reach exceed 500 ft. • Cross barriers should be a minimum of '/a and a maximum of V2 the height of the linear barrier. • See typical installation details at the end of this fact sheet. Installation Guidelines - Static Slicing Method m Static Slicing is defined as insertion of a narrow blade pulled behind a tractor, similar to a plow blade, at least 10 inches into the soil while at the same time puHing silt geotextile fabric into the ground through the opening created by the blade to the depth of the blade. Once the gerotextile is installed, the soil is compacted using tractor tires. • This method will not work with pre-fabricated, wire backed silt fence. • Benefits: o Ease of instaUation (most often done with a 2 person crew). In addition, installation using static slicing has been found to be more efficient on slopes, in rocky soils, and in saturated soils. o Minimal soil disturbance. o Greater level of compaction along fence, leading to higher performance (i.e. greater sediment retention). o Uniform installation. o Less susceptible to undercutting/undermining. Costs • It should be noted that costs var>' greatly across regions due to available supplies and labor costs. • Average annual cost for installation using the traditional silt fence installation method (assumes 6 month useful life) is $7 per linear foot based on vendor research. Range of cost is $3.50 - $9.10 per linear foot. • In tests, the slicing method required 0.33 man hours per 100 linear feet, while the trenched based systems required as much as 1.01 man hours per linear foot. Inspection and Maintenance • BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. • Repair undercut silt fences. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 8 Construction www.casqa.org Silt Fence SE-1 • Repair or replace split, torn, slumping, or weathered fabric. The lifespan of silt fence fabric is generally 5 to 8 months. • Silt fences that are damaged and become unsuitable for the intended purpose should bc removed from the site of work, disposed, and replaced with new silt fence barriers. • Sediment that accumulates in the BMP should be periodically removed in order to maintain BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when the sediment accumulation reaches one-third ofthe barrier height. • Silt fences should be left in place until the upstream area is permanently stabilized. Until then, the silt fence should be inspected and maintained regularly. • Remove silt fence when upgradient areas are stabilized. Fill and compact post holes and anchor trench, remove sediment accumulation, grade fence alignment to blend with adjacent ground, and stabilize disturbed area. References Manual of Standards of Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, Association of Bay Area Governments, May 1995- National Management Measures to Control Nonpoint Source Pollution from Urban Areas, United States Environmental Protection Agency, 2002. Proposed Guidance Specifving Management Measures for Sources of Nonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters, Work Group-Working Paper, USEPA, April 1992. Sedimentation and Erosion Control Practices, and Inventory of Current Practices (Draft), UESPA, 1990. Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission (SWRPC). Costs of Urban Nonpoint Source Water Pollution Control Measures. Technical Report No. 31. Southeastern Wisconsin Regional Planning Commission, Waukesha, WI. 1991 Stormwater Quality' Handbooks - Constmction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual. State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management Manual for The Puget Sound Basin, Washington State Department of Ecology, Public Review Draft, 1991- U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA). Stormwater Management for Industrial Activities: Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices. U.S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, DC, 1992. Water Quality Management Plan for the Lake Tahoe Region, Volume II, Handbook of Management Practices, Tahoe Regional Planning Agencj', November i988.Soil Stabilization BMP Research for Erosion and Sediment Controls: Cost Survey Technical Memorandum, State of California Department of Transportation (CaUrans), July 2007. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, Februarv 2005. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 6 of 8 Construction www.casqa.org o < 3 cr o o vo C'ow barrlor ;Se« nole 10) Mm reach - SOO' fSw ncte I'i Optlortof mointRnance LEGEND Tomp»<3 btx* flu Slope fflrection DInictInn nt Anw VT lo« of alope Crods fc«rr?«r- •n 3 O End detal Qi I § 3 n " S Ql ^ cu a n 2 b o 01 cr o o o 00 ). Const-uct ttw ienqtti of wx* reach >o t->al (he ct-enge h tKoe elevatlor eons the reoch does not eiceeti }/Z the height of the linear borrier. in no cose ifidl the reach tength exceec 500 2- The lost B'-O* of fence thoU bc iLmed stope. 3. Stoke enrenslors ore nom*wl 4. Uimensicft "nay vary to f^t netd condllion. 5 Stokes sholl Be spaced ot 8'-C* mo«nuir and eholl be posttloned on dowrstreom ^de of fence. 6. Stekee lo overlap ord renee fobric to told enuna eeeh stoke one full tum. Seeure fobr^ to stoke with 4 staples. 7. Stakes atiul be fkivun ti'qItUy logether lo prevent putenlTiJ fow-through of sedinent ot }»nt. The taps of the stoSies shdl Be secured with wire. B. For end etofce. fenoe fabric atwll be folded o'aund t*o atoices ore full turf' 0-K: secured wtlh 4 stoplee 0 M'<nk-ium 4 strptes per etc^e. O'menilons showi ore tysicttf '0 Cross boitters snpli be o mni-mur of 1/3 ond a meitlmjn of 1/2 the height of tt>e Ibeor borrier. 11. Mointenonce cpenlnqs shot be constructed In c monner lo ensure sedirrenl fomalns beland tUl fence. 12 Joining sedions «iai not be pioced cl eump locetions. 13 SoKSiag rows and loyers shall be offxe- to elkrl^le goes. '4 Add 3-4 Dojs to cross borrier on aownyodient side sf sM lenes cs needed to prevent byooss o- undermrln; one ae oHowcble boeed on site IWi'ts of dtstu-bonca. See tlote 14 ,— SU fence ^y-To. of •iope CROSS BARRIER OETAIL See 'H)te 10 <5-C^0N C-C 0) m I z o < (B 3 cr (B -1 IV) o o to 9 I n g l§ I •9 Q. 2 IB JT -I b 9 w X 01 a cr o o CD O (Sec f^ote 4) X 'J~ WoDd .it<ik« (See notes ..^ * f,) apfoii A Si C UOH A A IJCTAIi A Tohr't. setttod A (Scf notes a / i 12) G....lti:L!l9^...iJL[Aikl!fill Vitw] 7x7 wood ^tol<e ENO SfAKl Ot TAIL (roP VltW) ( Nu 01 i Ai;, fomped back fti) Stope dlrectton 1 r 1/16" '""=|] diomplei — SrA(=l l, or I All. (sti: Non; 9) * - Stoke y .1 \. pIMiONAL MA!^lI(^M^JC! (.W'lNiNG OCi AIL ISi i NOIL in (A Tl (D 3 O m Check Dams SE-4 Description and Purpose A check dam is a small barrier constructed of rock, gravel bags, sandbags, fiber rolls, or other proprietar>' products, placed across a constructed swale or drainage ditch. Check dams reduce the effective slope of the channel, thereby reducing scour and channel erosion by reducing flow velocity and increasing residence time within the channel, allowing sediment to settle. Suitable Appiications Check dams may be appropriate in the following situations: • To promote sedimentation behind the dam. • To prevent erosion by reducing the velocity of channel flow in small intermittent channels and temporarv' swales. • In small open channels that drain lo acres or less. • In steep channels where stormwater runoff velocities exceed 5 ft/s. • During the establishment of grass linings in drainage ditches or channels. • In temporary ditches where the short length of service does not warrant establishment of erosion-resistant linings. • To act as a grade control structure. Categories EC SE TC WE NS WM Erosion Control Sediment Control Tracking Control Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater Management Control Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control 0 Legend: 0 Primary Category 111 Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trasti Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 Potential Alternatives SE-5 Fiber Rolls SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm SE-8 Sandbag Barner SE-14 Biofilter Bags November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 7 Check Dams SE-4 Limitations • Not to be used in live streams or in channels v\ith extended base flows. • Not appropriate in channels that drain areas greater than lo acres. • Not appropriate in channels that are already grass-lined unless erosion potential or sediment-laden flow is expected, as installation may damage vegetation. • Require extensive maintenance follov%ing high velocity flows. • Promotes sediment trapping which can be re-suspended during subsequent storms or removal of the check dam. • Do not construct check dams with straw bales or silt fence. • Water suitable for mosquito production may stand behind check dams, particularly if subjected to daily non-stormwater discharges. Implementation GeneraZ Check dams reduce the effective slope and create small pools in swales and ditches that drain lo acres or less. Using check dams to reduce channel slope reduces the velocity of stormwater flows, thus reducing erosion of the swale or ditch and promoting sedimentation. Thus, check dams are dual-purpose and serve an important role as erosion controls as well as as sediment controls. Note that use of 1-2 isolated check dams for sedimentation will likely result in little net removal of sediment because of the small detention time and probable scour during longer storms. Using a series of check dams will generally increase their effectiveness. A sediment trap (SE-3) may be placed immediately upstream of the check dam to increase sediment removal efficienc)'. Design and Layout Check dams work by decreasing the effective slope in ditches and swales. An important consequence of the reduced slope is a reduction in capacity of the ditch or swale. This reduction in capacity should be considered when using this BMP, as reduced capacity can result in overtopping of the ditch or swale and resultant consequences. In some cases, .such as a "permanent" ditch or swale being constructed early and used as a "temporary'" convevance for construction flows, the ditch or swale may have sufficient capacity such that the temporarv' reduction in capacity due to check dams is acceptable. When check dams reduce capacities beyond acceptable limits, either: • Don't use check dams. Consider alternativ e BMPs, or. • Increase the size of the ditch or swale to restore capacity. Maximum slope and velocity reduction is achieved when the toe of the upstream dam is at the same elevation as the top of the downstream dam (see "Spacing Between Check Dams" detail at the end of this fact sheet). The center section of the dam should be lower than the edge sections (at least 6 inches), acting as a spillway, so that the check dam will direct flows to the center of November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 7 Construction www.casqa.org Check Dams SE-4 the ditch or swale (see "T>'pical Rock Check Dam" detail at the end of this fact sheet). Bv'pass or side-cutting can occur if a sufficient spillway is not provided in the center ofthe dam. Check dams are usually constructed of rock, gravel bags, sandbags, and fiber rolls. A number of products can also be used as check dams (e.g. HDPE check dams, temporary silt dikes (SE-12)), and some of these products can be removed and reused. Check dams can also be constructed of logs or lumber, and have the advantage of a longer lifespan when compared to gravel bags, sandbags, and fiber rolls. Check dams should not be constructed from straw bales or silt fences, since concentrated flows quickly wash out these materials. Rock check dams are usually constructed of 8 to 12 in. rock. The rock is placed either by hand or mechanically, but never just dumped into the channel. The dam should completely span the ditch or swale to prevent washout. The rock used should be large enough to stay in place given the expected design flow through the channel. It is recommended that abutments be extended 18 in. into the channel bank. Rock can be graded such that smaller diameter rock (e.g. 2-4 in) is located on the upstream side of larger rock (holding the smaller rock in place); increasing residence time. Log check dams are usually constructed of 4 to 6 in. diameter logs, installed vertically. The logs should be embedded into the .soil at least 18 in. Logs can be bolted or wired to vertical support logs that have been driven or buried into the soil. See fiber rolls, SE-5, for installation of fiber roll check dams. Gravel bag and sand bag check dams are constructed by stacking bags across the ditch or swale, shaped as shown in the drawings at the end of this fact sheet (see "Graved Bag Check Dam" detail at the end of this fact sheet). Manufactured products, such as temporarv' silt dikes (SE-12), should be installed in accordance with the manufacturer's instructions. Installation t>T)ically requires anchoring or trenching of products, as well as regular maintenance to remove accumulated sediment and debris. If grass is planted to stabilize the ditch or swale, the check dam should be removed vvhen the grass has matured (unless the slope of the swales is greater than 4%). The following guidance should be followed for the design and layout of check dams: • Install the first check dam approximately 16 ft from the outfall device and at regular inten-als based on slope gradient and soil type. • Check dams should bc placed at a distance and height to allow smal! pools to form between each check dam. • For multiple check dam installation, backwater from a downstream check dam should reach the toes of the upstream check dam. • A sediment trap provided immediately upstream of the check dam will help capture sediment. Due to the potential for this sediment to be resuspended in subsequent storms, the sediment trap should be cleaned following each storm event. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 7 Construction www.casqa.org Check Dams SE-4 • High flows (t>'pically a 2-year storm or larger) should safely flow over the check dam without an increase in upstream flooding or damage to the check dam. • Where grass is used to line ditches, check dams should be removed when grass has matured sufficiently to protect the ditch or swale. Materials • Rock used for check dams should typically be 8-12 in rock and be sufficiently sized to stay in place given expected design flows in the channel. Smaller diameter rock (e.g. 2 to 4 in) can be placed on the upstream side of larger rock to increase residence time. • Gravel bags used for check dams should conform to the requirements of SE-6, Gravel Bag Berms. • Sandbags used for check dams should conform to SE-8, Sandbag Barrier. • Fiber rolls used for check dams should conform to SE-5, Fiber Rolls. • Temporary silt dikes used for check dams should conform to SE-12, Temporar>' Silt Dikes. InstaHation • Rock should be placed individually by hand or by mechanical methods (no dumping of rock) to achieve complete ditch or swale coverage. • Tightly abut bags and stack according to detail shown in the figure at the end of this section (pyramid approach). Gravel bags and sandbags should not be stacked any higher than 3 ft. • Upper rows or gravel and sand bags shall overlap joints in lower rows. • Fiber rolls should be trenched in, backfilled, and firmly staked in place. • Install along a level contour. • HDPE check dams, temporarj' silt dikes, and other manufactured products should be u.sed and installed per manufacturer specifications. Costs Cost consists of labor costs if materials are readily available (such as gravel on-site). If material must be imported, costs vsill increase. For other material and installation costs, see SE-5, SE-6, SE-8, SE-12. and SE-14. Inspection and Maintenance • BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the a.ssociated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. • Replace missing rock, bags, rolls, etc. Replace bags or rolls that have degraded or have become damaged. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 7 Construction www.casqa.org Check Dams SE-4 • If the check dam is used as a sediment capture device, sediment that accumulates behind the BMP should be periodically removed in order to maintain BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when the sediment accumulation reaches one-third of the barrier height. • If the check dam is used as a grade control structure, sediment removal is not required as long as the system continues to control the grade. • Inspect areas behind check dams for pools of standing water, especially if subjected to daily non-stormwater discharges. • Remove accumulated sediment prior to permanent seeding or soil stabilization. • Remove check dam and accumulated sediment when check dams are no longer needed. References Draft - Sedimentation and Erosion Control, and Inventor}' of Current Practices, USEPA, April 1990. Manual of Standards of Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, Association of Bay Area Governments, May 1995. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual. State of California Department of Transportation (CaUrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management of the Puget Sound Basin, Technical Manual, Publication #9i-75r Washington State Department of Ecology, February 1992. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, Februaiy 2005. Metzger, M.E. 2004. Managing mosquitoes in stormwater treatment devices. University of California Division of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Publication 8125. On-line: http:// anrcatalog.ucdavis.edu/pdf/8125.pdf November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 7 Construction www.casqa.org Check Dams SE-4 L. VA^iON B" io 12" d^oTeter rock 'VP, KOCK CHECK '": A K / T I ^ ^- • K CK DAM D SCALL ^ VL AM LL_E A M'MX NOT TO SCAl November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 6 of 7 Check Dams SE-4 THE DISTANCE SUCH THAT POINTS 'A' AND 'B' ARE OF EOUAL ELEVATION. SPACING BETWEEN CHECK DAMS November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 7 of 7 Fiber Rolls SE-5 Description and Purpose A fiber roll consists of straw, coir, or other biodegradable materials bound into a tight tubular roll wnrapped by netting, vvhich can be photodegradable or natural. Additionally, gravel core fiber rolls are available, which contain an imbedded ballast material such as gravel or sand for additional weight when staking the rolls are not feasible (such as use as inlet protection). When fiber rolls are placed at the toe and on the face of slopes along the contours, they intercept runoff, reduce its flow velocity, release the runoff as sheet flow, and provide removal of sediment from the runoff (through sedimentation). By interrupting the length of a slope, fiber rolls can also reduce sheet and rill erosion until vegetation is established. Suitable Appiications Fiber rolls may be suitable: • Along the toe, top, face, and at grade breaks of exposed and erodible slopes to shorten slope length and spread runoff as sheet flow. • At the end of a downward slope where it transitions to a steeper slope. • Along the perimeter of a project. • As check dams in unlined ditches vsith minimal grade. • Down-slope of exposed soil areas. • At operational storm drains as a form of inlet protection. Categories EC Erosion Control H SE Sediment Control 0 TC Tracking Control WE Wind Eroston Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollufion Control Legend: 0 Primary Category @ Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 Potential Alternatives SE-1 Silt Fence SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm SE-8 Sandbag Bamer SE-14 Biofilter Bags t AtlHJRM\*.TilsMW.\Tft4 November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 5 Fiber Rolls SE-5 • Around temporary stockpiles. Limitations • Fiber rolls are not effective unless trenched in and staked. • Not intended for use in high flow situations. • Difficult to move once saturated. • If not properly staked and trenched in. fiber rolls could be transported by high flows. • Fiber rolls have a very limited sediment capture zone. • Fiber rolls should not be used on slopes subject to creep, slumping, or landslide. • Rolls typically function for 12-24 months depending upon local conditions. Implementation Fiber RoU Materials m Fiber rolls should be prefabricated. • Fiber rolls may come manufactured containing polyacrjiamide (PAM), a flocculating agent within the roll. Fiber rolls impregnated with PAM provide additional sediment removal capabilities and should be used in areas with fine, clayey or silty soils to provide additional sediment removal capabilities. Monitoring may be required for these installations. • Fiber rolls are made from weed free rice straw, flax, or a similar agricultural material bound into a tight tubular roll by netting. • T^-pical fiber rolls vary in diameter from 9 in. to 20 in. Larger diameter rolls are available as well. Installation m Locate fiber rolls on level contours spaced as follows: Slope inclination of 4:1 (H:V) or flatter: Fiber rolls should be placed at a maximum interval of 20 ft. Slope inclination between 4:1 and 2:1 (H:V): Fiber Rolls should be placed at a maximum interval of 15 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective). Slope inclination 2:1 (H:VO or greater: Fiber Rolls should be placed at a maximum interval of 10 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective). • Prepare the slope before beginning installation. • Dig small trenches across the slope on the contour. The trench depth should be V4 to 1/3 of the thickness of the roll, and the width should equal the roll diameter, in order to provide area to backfill the trench. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Fiber Rolls SE-5 • It is critical that rolls are installed perpendicular to water movement, and parallel to the slope contour. • Start building trenches and installing rolls from the bottom of the slope and work up. • It is recommended that pilot holes be driven through the fiber roll. Use a straight bar to drive holes through the roll and into the soi! for the wooden stakes. • Turn the ends of the fiber roll up slope to prevent runoff from going around the roll. • Stake fiber rolls into the trench. - Drive stakes at the end of each fiber roll and spaced 4 ft maximum on center. - Use wood stakes with a nominal classification of 0.75 by 0.75 in- and minimum length of 24 in. • If more than one fiber roll is placed in a row, the rolls should be overiapped, not abutted. • See t>'pical fiber roll installation details at the end of this fact sheet. Removal m Fiber rolls can be left in place or removed depending on the type of fiber roll and application (temporary vs. permanent installation). T>'pically, fiber rolls encased v%ith plastic netting are used for a temporary application because the netting does not biodegrade. Fiber rolls used in a permanent application are tj'pically encased with a biodegradeable material and are left in place. Removal of a fiber roll used in a permanent application can result in greater disturbance. • Temporary installations should only be removed when up gradient areas are stabilized per General Permit requirements, and/or pollutant sources no longer present a hazard. But, they should also be removed before vegetation becomes too mature so that the removal process does not disturb more soil and vegetation than is necessar>'. Costs Material costs for regular fiber rolls range from $20 - S30 per 25 ft roll. Material costs for PAM impregnated fiber rolls range between 7.00-89-00 per linear foot, based upon vendor research. Inspection and Maintenance • BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. • Repair or replace split, torn, unraveling, or slumping fiber rolls. • If the fiber roll is used as a sediment capture device, or as an erosion control device to maintain sheet flows, sediment that accumulates in the BMP should be periodically removed November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Fiber Rolls SE-5 in order to maintain BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when sediment accumulation reaches one-third the designated sediment storage depth. • If fiber rolls are used for erosion control, such as in a check dam, sediment removal should not be required as long as the system continues to control the grade. Sediment control BMPs will likely be required in conjunction v\ith this type of application. • Repair any rills or gullies promptly. References Stormwater Quality' Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of Califomia Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, Februarv' 2005. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Fiber Rolls SE-5 •r-stoH f'Der- rc 1 cio«a a >e»e' conto-f Vertical spccina 'neos...''ea sioi^g the face o5 tbe siope verges Detweeri •0' ar^a 20' ser io!t neor sioDe where 't I'cnsltom I'ntn 0 Sleep*' s-ope N.l.S. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org Sof 5 Gravel Bag Berm SE-6 Description and Purpose A gravel bag berm is a series of gravel-filled bags placed on a level contour to intercept sheet flows. Gravel bags pond sheet flow runoff, allowing sediment to settle out, and release runoff slowly as sheet flow, preventing erosion. Suitable Applications Gravel bag berms may be suitable: • As a linear sediment contro! measure: - Below the toe of slopes and erodible slopes - As sediment traps at culvert/pipe outlets - Below other small cleared areas - Along the perimeter of a site Down slope of exposed soil areas - Around temporarv' stockpiles and spoil areas - Parallel to a roadway to keep sediment off paved areas - Along streams and channels • As a linear erosion control measure: - Along the face and at grade breaks of exposed and erodible slopes to shorten slope length and spread runoff as sheet flow. Categories EC Erosion Control 11 SE Sediment Control 0 TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materids Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Category (El Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trasti Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 Potential Alternatives SE-1 Silt Fence SE-5 Fiber Roll SE-8 Sandbag Bamer SE-14 Biofllter Bags November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 4 Gravel Bag Berm SE-6 - At the top of slopes to divert runoff away from disturbed slopes. - As chevTons (small check dams) across mildly sloped construction roads. For use check dam use in channels, see SE-4, Check Dams. Limitations • Gravel berms may be difficult to remove. • Removal problems limit their usefulness in landscaped areas. • Gravel bag berm may not be appropriate for drainage areas greater than 5 acres. • Runoff will pond upstream of the berm, possibly causing flooding if sufficient space does not exist. • Degraded gravel bags may rupture when removed, spilling contents. • Installation can be labor intensive. • Durability of gravel bags is somewhat limited and bags may need to be replaced when installation is required for longer than 6 months. • Easily damaged by construction equipment. • When used to detain concentrated flows, maintenance requirements increase. Implementation Genera/ A gravel bag berm consists of a row of open graded gravel-filled bags placed on a level contour. When appropriately placed, a gravel bag berm intercepts and slows sheet flow runoff, causing temporary' ponding. The temporary ponding allows sediment to settle. The open graded gravel in the bags is porous, which allows the ponded runoff to flow slowly through the bags, releasing the runoff as sheet flows. Gravel bag berms also interrupt the slope length and thereby reduce erosion by reducing the tendency of sheet flows to concentrate into rivulets, which erode rills, and ultimately gullies, into disturbed, sloped soils. Gravel bag berms are similar to sand bag barriers, but are more porous. Generally, gravel bag berms should be used in conjunction with temporar>' soil stabilization controls up slope to provide effective erosion and sediment control. Design and Layout • Locate gravel bag berms on level contours. • When used for slope interruption, the following slope/sheet flow length combinations apply: - Slope inclination of 4:1 (H:V) or flatter: Gravel bags should be placed at a maximum interval of 20 ft, with the first row near the slope toe. - Slope inclination between 4:1 and 2:1 (H:V): Gravel bags should be placed at a maximum intei-val of 15 fl. (a closer spacing is more effective), with the first row near the slope toe. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Gravel Bag Berm SE-6 Slope inclination 2:1 (H:\0 or greater: Gravel bags should be placed at a maximum interval of 10 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective), with the first row near the slope toe. • Turn the ends of the gravel bag barriers up slope to prevent runoff from going around the berm. • Allow sufficient space up slope from the gravel bag berm to allow ponding, and to provide room for sediment storage. • For installation near the toe of the slope, gravel bag barriers should be set back from the slope toe to facilitate cleaning. Where specific site conditions do not allow for a set-back, the gravel bag barrier may be constructed on the toe of the slope. To prevent flows behind the barrier, bags can be placed perpendicular to a berm to serve as cross barriers. • Drainage area should not exceed 5 acres. • In Non-Traffic Areas: - Height = 18 in. maximum - Top width = 24 in. minimum for three or more layer construction - Top width = 12 in. minimum for one or two layer construction - Side slopes = 2:1 (H:V) or flatter • In Construction Traffic Areas: Height = 12 in. maximum - Top width = 24 in. minimum for three or more layer construction. - Top width = 12 in. minimum for one or two layer construction. - Side slopes = 2:1 (H:V) or flatter. • Butt ends of bags tightly. • On multiple row, or multiple layer construction, overlap butt joints of adjacent row and row- beneath. • Use a pyramid approach when stacking bags. Materiak • Bag Material: Bags should be woven pol>'propylene, polyethylene or polyamide fabric or buriap, minimum unit weight of 4 ounces/yd^ Mullen burst strength exceeding 300 Ib/in^ in conformance with the requirements in ASTM designation D3786, and ultraviolet stability exceeding 70% in conformance with the requirements in ASTM designation D4355. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Gravel Bag Berm SE-6 • Bag Sixe: Each gravel-filled bag should have a length of 18 in., width of 12 in., thickness of 3 in., and mass of approximately 33 lbs. Bag dimensions are nominal, and may var>' based on locally available materials. • FiM Material: Fill material should be 0.5 to 1 in. crushed rock, clean and free from clay, organic matter, and other deleterious material, or other suitable open graded, non-cohesive, porous gravel. Costs Material costs for gravel bags are average and are dependent upon material availability. S2.50- 3.00 per filled gravel bag is standard based upon vendor research. Inspection and Maintenance • BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. • Gravel bags exposed to sunlight will need to be replaced every' two to three months due to degrading of the bags. • Reshape or replace gravel bags as needed. • Repair washouts or other damage as needed. • Sediment that accumulates in the BMP should be periodically removed in order to maintain BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when the sediment accumulation reaches one-third of the barrier height. • Remove gravel bag berms when no longer needed and recycle gravel fill whenever possible and properly dispose of bag material. Remove sediment accumulation and clean, re-grade, and stabilize the area. References Handbook of Steel Drainage and Highway Construction, American Iron and Steel Institute, 1983. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual. State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Pollution Plan Handbook, First Edition, State of California, Department of Transportation Division of New Technology, Materials and Research, October 1992. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, Februarv' 2005. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org street Sweeping and Vacuuming SE-7 Description and Purpose Street sweeping and vacuuming includes use of self-propelled and walk-behind equipment to remove sediment from streets and roadways, and to clean paved surfaces in preparation for final paving. Sweeping and vacuuming prevents sediment from the project site from entering storm drains or receiving waters. Suitable Applications Sweeping and vacuuming are suitable anywhere sediment is tracked from the project site onto public or private paved streets and roads, typically at points of egress. Sweeping and vacuuming are also applicable during preparation of paved surfaces for final paving. Limitations Sweeping and vacuuming may not be effective when sediment is wet or when tracked soil is caked (caked soil may need to be scraped loose). Implementation • Controlling the number of points where vehicles can leave the site will allow sweeping and vacuuming efforts to be focused, and perhaps save money. • Inspect potential sediment tracking locations daily. • Visible sediment tracking should be swept or vacuumed on a daily basis. • Do not use kick brooms or sweeper attachments. These tend to spread the dirt rather than remove it. Categories EC SE TC WE NS WM Erosion Control Sediment Control Tracking Control Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater Management Control Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control il 0 Legend: 0 Primary Objective IEI Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 0 0 Potential Alternatives None '4- t AHinK.MA-^HrKMrtAMH November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 2 street Sweeping and Vacuuming SE-7 • If not mixed with debris or trash, consider incorporating the removed sediment back into the project Costs Rental rates for self-propelled sweepers var>' depending on hopper size and duration of rental. Expect rental rates from $58/hour (3 yds hopper) to $88/hour (9 yda hopper), plus operator costs. Hourly production rates vary with the amount of area to be swept and amount of sediment. Match the hopper size to the area and expect sediment load to minimize time spent dumping. Inspection and Maintenance • Inspect BMPs prior to forecast rain, daily during extended rain events, after rain events, weekly during the rainy season, and at two-week intervals during the non-rainy season. • When actively in use, points of ingress and egress must be inspected daily. • When tracked or spilled sediment is observed outside the construction limits, it must be removed at least daily. More frequent removal, even continuous removal, may be required in some jurisdictions. • Be careful not to sweep up any unknown substance or any object that may be potentially hazardous. • Adjust brooms frequently; maximize efficiency of sweeping operations. • After sweeping is finished, properly dispose of sweeper wastes at an approved dumpsite. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Calfrans), November 2000. Labor Surcharge and Equipment Rental Rates, State of CaUfornia Department of Transportation (Caltrans), April 1,2002 - March 31, 2003. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 2 Construction www.casqa.org Sandbag Barrier SE-8 Description and Purpose A sandbag barrier is a series of sand-filled bags placed on a level contour to intercept or to divert sheet flows. Sandbag barriers placed on a level contour pond sheet flow runoff, allowing sediment to settle out. Suitable Applications Sandbag barriers may be suitable: • As a linear sediment control measure: - Below the toe of slopes and erodible slopes. - As sediment traps at culvert/pipe outlets. - Below other small cleared areas. Along the perimeter of a site. Down slope of exposed soil areas. - Around temporar}' stockpiles and spoil areas. - Parallel to a roadway to keep sediment off paved areas. - Along streams and channels. • As linear erosion control measure: - Along the face and at grade breaks of exposed and erodible slopes to shorten slope length and spread runoff as sheet flow. Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater Management Control Waste Management and 11 0 NS WM Materials Pollufion Control Legend: 0 Primary Category IE! Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 Potential Alternatives SE-1 Silt Fence SE-5 Fiber Rolls SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm SE-14 Biofllter Bags tAIIK>nMAS7t)KMlVAIf 14 November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 6 Sandbag Barrier SE-8 - At the top of slopes to divert runoff away from disturbed slopes. - As check dams across mildly sloped construction roads. Limitations • It is necessary- to limit the drainage area upstream of the barrier to 5 acres. • Sandbags are not intended to be used as filtration devices. • Easily damaged by construction equipment. • Degraded sandbags may rupture when removed, spilling sand. • Sand is easily transported by runoff if bag is damaged or ruptured. • Installation can be labor intensive. • Durability of sandbags is somewhat limited and bags may need to be replaced when installation is required for longer than 6 months. When used to detain concentrated flows, maintenance requirements increase. • Burlap should not be used for sandbags. Implementation Genera/ A sandbag barrier consists of a row of sand-filled bags placed on a level contour. When appropriately placed, a sandbag barrier intercepts and slows sheet flow runoff, causing temporary ponding. The temporary ponding allows sediment to settle. Sand-filled bags have limited porosity, which is further limited as the fine sand tends to quickly plug with sediment, limiting or completely blocking the rate of flow through the barrier. If a porous barrier is desired, consider SE-i, Silt Fence, SE-5, Fiber Rolls, SE-6, Gravel Bag Berms or SE-14, Biofilter Bags. Sandbag barriers also interrupt the slope length and thereby reduce erosion by reducing the tendency of sheet flows to concentrate into rivulets which erode rills, and ultimately gullies, into disturbed, sloped soils. Sandbag barriers are similar to gravel bag berms, but less porous. Generally, sandbag barriers should be used in conjunction with temporary soil stabilization controls up slope to provide effective erosion and sediment control. Design and Layout m Locate sandbag barriers on a level contour. • When used for slope interruption, the following slope/sheet flow length combinations apply: - Slope inclination of 4:1 (H:V) or flatter: Sandbags should be placed at a maximum interval of 20 ft, with the first row near the slope toe. - Slope inclination between 4:1 and 2:1 (H:V); Sandbags should be placed at a maximum interval of 15 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective), with the first row near the slope toe. Slope inclination 2:1 (H:V) or greater: Sandbags should be placed at a maximum interval of 10 ft. (a closer spacing is more effective), with the first row near the slope toe. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Sandbag Barrier SE-8 • Turn the ends of the .sandbag barrier up slope to prevent runoff from going around the barrier, • Allow sufficient space up slope from the barrier to allow ponding, and to provide room for sediment storage. • For installation near the toe of the slope, sand bag barriers should be set back from the slope toe to facilitate cleaning. Where specific site conditions do not allow for a set-back, the sand bag barrier may be constructed on the toe of the slope. To prevent flows behind the barrier, bags can be placed perpendicular to a berm to serve as cross barriers. • Drainage area should not exceed 5 acres. • Stack sandbags at least three bags high. • Butt ends of bags tightly. • Overlap butt joints of row beneath vsith each successive row. • Use a pyramid approach when stacking bags. • In non-traffic areas Height = 18 in. maximum - Top width = 24 in. minimum for three or more layer construction - Side slope = 2:1 (H:V) or flatter • In construction traffic areas Height = 12 in. maximum - Top width = 24 in. minimum for three or more layer construction. - Side slopes = 2:1 (H:V) or flatter. • See typical sandbag barrier installation details at the end of this fact sheet. Materials u Sandbag Material: Sandbag should be woven polypropylene, polyethylene or polyamide fabric, minimum unit weight of 4 ounces/yd^ Mullen burst strength exceeding 300 Ib/in^ in conformance vvith the requirements in ASTM designation D3786, and ultraviolet stability exceeding 70% in conformance with the requirements in ASTM designation D4355. Use of burlap is not an acceptable substitute, as sand can more easily mobilize out of burlap. • Sandbag Size: Each sand-filled bag should have a length of 18 in., width of 12 in., thickness of 3 in., and mass of approximately 33 lbs, Bag dimensions are nominal, and may vary based on locally available materials. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Sandbag Barrier SE-8 • Fill Material: All sandbag fill material should be non-cohesive, Class 3 (Caltrans Standard Specification, Section 25) permeable material free from clay and deleterious material, such as recycled concrete or asphalt.. Costs Empty' sandbags cost S0.25 - $0.75. Average cost of fill material is $8 per yds. Additional labor is required to fill the bags. Pre-filled sandbags are more expensive at Si.50 - S2.00 per bag. These costs are based upon vendor research. Inspection and Maintenance • BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. • Sandbags exposed to sunlight vsill need to be replaced every two to three months due to degradation of the bags. • Reshape or replace sandbags as needed. • Repair washouts or other damage as needed. • Sediment that accumulates behind the BMP should be periodically removed in order to maintain BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when the sediment accumulation reaches one-third of the barrier height. • Remove sandbags when no longer needed and recycle sand fill whenever possible and properly dispose of bag material. Remove sediment accumulation, and clean, re-grade, and stabilize the area. References Standard Specifications for Construction of Local Streets and Roads, California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), July 2002. Stormwater Quality- Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org z o < (B o o vo Mox reach ~ 5U0' { Sec note 1) Stmdlmq tiarfir.' Sondbaq barrier (Sec rio'if 4) " a s 01 01 is <= sr Q. at sr. o. o To-:- '.^1 slope 8t SANDBAG BARRllIR Cdn-stfwcl *he ienqitH o* car*^' reocSni so M^ai the ci^nnqe in bose eifvotion fjionq ?r!fi reocn dees not exceed V? ^'^'^ ^heiqh! ot the iineor barrier tr* no cas<* ytuji! (he- reacfi icnqth exceed liOO' E)imensiu" ma-y vn: y to ttt !(e'd i titfirliUo^' Sondooy tJOffte* shot* De c rtiirnmutr> of S) ba<js rxgn The end of the t»o^n(?f shni! tie 'urned up «;lope Ooss Dofiiers shaH fie i'i •"•"'tn ni 1/>' arui a TiOK o* //I 'h^-' no'.qhi ol thc fjneor borno*- Ul o (TV (A fll 3 Q. or IQ fll •t 5" m I 00 o < O O to DIRfC.llflM Of HO* Srop** - A /. lot' ot 4 / (See nofe (•' Y • « st cnot^ A A fll 3 cu fll fll 5* -1 a: ^ b § 5 I 01 3 a. CT o o SfCTiON B B :rvx..x^-'2 O CK<;SS tJAHNiEP or TAil ^1. ;:i!ON c :: (A m I 00 storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 Description and Purpose Storm drain inlel protection consists of a sediment filter or an impounding area in, around or upstream of a storni drain, drop inlet, or curb inlet. Storm drain inlet protection measuies temporarily pond runoff before it enters the storm drain, allowing sediment to settle. Some filter configurations also remove sediment by filtering, but usually the ponding action results in the greatest sediment reduction. Temporarv geotextile storm drain inserts attach underneath storm drain grates to capture and filter storin water. Suitable Applications Every storm drain inlet receiving runoff from unstabilized or othenvise active work areas should bc protected. Inlet protection should be used in conjunction vvith other erosion and sediment controls to prevent sediment-laden stormw ater and non-stormwater discharges frum entering the storm drain system. Limitations • Drainage area should not exceed i acre. • In general .straw bales should not be used as inlet protection. • Requires an adequate area for vvater to pond without encroaching into portions ofthe roadway subject lo traffic. Categories EC SE TC WE NS WM Erosion Control Sediment Control Tracking Control Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater Management Control Waste Management and Matenals Pollution Control 0 Legend: 0 Primary Category @ Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutnents Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 Potential Alternatives SE-1 Silt Fence SE-5 Fiber Rolls SE-6 Gravel Bag Berm SE-8 Sandbag Bamer SE-14 Biofllter Bags November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 10 storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 • Sediment removal may be inadequate to prevent sediment discharges in high flow conditions or if runoff is heavily sediment laden. If high flow conditions are expected, use other onsite sediment trapping techniques in conjunction with inlet protection. • Frequent maintenance is required. • Limit drainage area to i acre maximum. For drainage areas larger than i acre, runoff should be routed to a sediment-trapping device designed for larger flows. See BMPs SE-2, Sediment Basin, and SE-3, Sediment Traps. • Excavated drop inlet sediment traps are appropriate where relatively heavy flows are expected, and overflow capability' is needed. Implementation Genera/ Inlet control measures presented in this handbook should not be used for inlets draining more than one acre. Runoff from larger disturbed areas should be first routed through SE-2, Sediment Basin or SE-3, Sediment Trap and/or used in conjunction with other drainage control, erosion control, and sediment control BMPs to protect the site. Different types of inlet protection are appropriate for different applications depending on site conditions and the type of inlet. Alternative methods are available in addition to the methods described/shown herein such as prefabricated inlet insert devices, or gutter protection devices. Design and Layout Identify existing and planned storm drain inlets that have the potential to receive sediment- laden surface runoff. Determine if storm drain inlet protection is needed and which method to use. • The key to successful and safe use of storm drain inlet protection devices is to know where runoff that is directed toward the inlet to be protected will pond or be diverted as a result of installing the protection device. Determine the acceptable location and extent of ponding in the vicinity of the drain inlet. The acceptable location and extent of ponding will influence the type and design of the storm drain inlet protection device. Determine the extent of potential runoff diversion caused by the storm drain inlet protection device. Runoff ponded by inlet protection devices may flow around the device and towards the next downstream inlet. In some cases, this is acceptable; in other cases, serious erosion or downstream property damage can be caused by these diversions. The possibility of runoff diversions will influence whether or not storm drain inlet protection is suitable; and. if suitable, the type and design of the device. • The location and extent of ponding, and the extent of diversion, can usually be controlled through appropriate placement of the inlet protection device. In some cases, moving the inlet protection device a short distance upstream of the actual inlet can provide more efficient sediment control, limit ponding to desired areas, and prevent or control diversions. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 10 Construction www.casqa.org storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 • Six types of inlet protection are presented below. However, it is recognized that other effective methods and proprietary devices exist and may be selected. - Silt Fence: Appropriate for drainage basins with less than a 5% slope, sheet flows, and flows under 0.5 cfs. - Excavated Drop Inlet Sediment Trap: An excavated area around the inlet to trap sediment (SE-3). - Gravel bag barrier: Used to create a small sediment trap upstream of inlets on sloped, paved streets. Appropriate for sheet flow or when concentrated flow may exceed 0.5 cfs, and where overtopping is required to prevent flooding. - Block and Gravel Filter: Appropriate for flows greater than 0.5 cfs. - Temporary Geotextile Storm drain Inserts: Different products provide different features. Refer to manufacturer details for targeted pollutants and additional feattires. - Biofilter Bag Barrier: Used to create a small retention area upstream of inlets and can be located on pavement or soil. Biofilter bags slowly filter runoff allovving sediment to settle out. Appropriate for flows under 0.5 cfs. • Select the appropriate type of inlet protection and design as referred to or as described in this fact sheet. • Provide area around the inlet for water to pond without flooding structures and property. • Grates and spaces around all inlets should be sealed to prevent seepage of sediment-laden water. • Excavate sediment sumps (where needed) 1 to 2 ft with 2:1 side slopes around the inlet. Installation m DI Protection Type 1 - Silt Fence - Similar to constructing a silt fence; see BMP SE-i, Silt Fence. Do not place fabric underneath the inlet grate since the collected sediment may fall into the drain inlet when the fabric is removed or replaced and water flow through the grate will be blocked resulting in flooding. See typical Type 1 installation details at the end of this fact sheet. 1. Excavate a trench approximately 6 in. wide and 6 in. deep along the line of the silt fence inlet protection device. 2. Place 2 in. by 2 in. wooden stakes ai ound the perimeter of the inlet a maximum of 3 ft apart and drive them at least 18 in. into the ground or 12 in. below the bottom ofthe trench. The stakes should be at least 48 in. 3. Lay fabric along bottom of trench, up side of trench, and then up stakes. See SE-i, Silt Fence, for details. The maximum silt fence height around the inlet is 24 in. 4. Staple the filter fabric (for materials and specifications, see SE-i, Silt Fence) to wooden stakes. Use heavy-duty wire staples at least 1 in. in length. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 10 Construction www.casqa.org storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 5. Backfill the trench with gravel or compacted earth all the way around. DI Protection Type 2 - Excavated Drop Inlet Sediment Trap - Install filter fabric fence in accordance with DI Protection Type 1. Size excavated trap to provide a minimum storage capacity' calculated at the rate 67 yds/acre of drainage area. See typical Type 2 installation details at the end of this fact sheet. DI Protection Type 3 - Gravel bag • Flow from a severe storm should not overtop the curb. In areas of high clay and silts, use filter fabric and gravel as additional filter media. Construct gravel bags in accordance with SE-6, Gravel Bag Berm. Gravel bags should be used due to their high permeability. See typical Type 3 installation details at the end of this fact sheet. 1. Construct on gently sloping street. 2. Leave room upstream of barrier for water to pond and sediment to settle. 3. Place several layers of gravel bags - overlapping the bags and packing them tightly together. 4. Leave gap of one bag on the top row to serve as a spillway. Flow from a severe storm (e.g., 10 year storm) should not overtop the curb. DI Protection Type 4 - Block and Gravel Filter - Block and gravel filters are suitable for curb inlets commonly used in residential, commercial, and industrial construction. See typical Type 4 installation details at the end of this fact sheet. 1. Place hardware cloth or comparable v\ire mesh with 0.5 in. openings over the drop inlet so that the wire extends a minimum of 1 ft beyond each side of the inlet structure. If more than one strip is necessary, overlap the strips. Place woven geotextile over the wire mesh. 2. Place concrete blocks !engthv\ise on their sides in a single row around the perimeter of the inlet, so that the open ends face outward, not upward. The ends of adjacent blocks should abut. The height of the barrier can be varied, depending on design needs, by stacking combinations of blocks that are 4 in., 8 in., and 12 in. v\ide. The row of blocks should be at least 12 in. but no greater than 24 in. high. 3. Place wire mesh over the outside vertical face (open end) of the concrete blocks to prevent stone from being washed through the blocks. Use hardware cloth or comparable wire mesh with 0.5 in. opening, 4. Pile washed stone against the wire mesh to the top of the blocks. Use 0.75 to 3 in. DI Protection Type 5 - Temporary Geotextile Insert (proprietary) - Many types of temporary inserts are available. Most inserts fit underneath the grate of a drop inlet or inside of a curb inlet and are fastened to the outside of the grate or curb. These inserts are removable and many can be cleaned and reused. Installation of these inserts differs between manufacturers. Please refer to manufacturer instruction for installation of proprietary devices. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 10 Construction www.casqa.org storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 • DI Protection Type 6 - Biofilter bags - Biofilter bags may be used as a substitute for gravel bags in low-flow situations. Biofilter bags should conform to specifications detailed in SE-14, Biofilter bags. 1. Construct in a gently sloping area. 2. Biofilter bags should be placed around inlets to intercept runoff flows. 3. All bag joints should overlap by 6 in. 4. Leave room upstream for water to pond and for sediment to settle out. 5. Stake bags to the ground as described in the following detail. Stakes may be omitted if bags are placed on a paved surface. Costs • Average annual cost for installation and maintenance of DI Type 1-4 and 6 (one year useful life) is S200 per inlet. • Temporary- geotextile inserts are proprietary and cost v^aries by region. These inserts can often be reused and may have greater than 1 year of use if maintained and kept undamaged. Average cost per insert ranges from $50-75 plus installation, but costs can exceed Sioo. This cost does not include maintenance. Inspection and Maintenance • BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. • Silt Fences. If the fabric becomes clogged, torn, or degrades, it should be replaced. Make sure the stakes are securely driven in the ground and are in good shape (i.e., not bent, cracked, or splintered, and are reasonably perpendicular to the ground). Replace damaged stakes. At a minimum, remove the sediment behind the fabric fence when accumulation reaches one-third the height of the fence or barrier height. • Gravel Pikers. If the gravel becomes clogged with sediment, it should be carefully removed from the inlet and either cleaned or replaced. Since cleaning gravel at a construction site may be difficult, consider using the sediment-laden stone as fill material and put fresh stone around the inlet. Inspect bags for holes, gashes, and snags, and replace bags as needed. Check gravel bags for proper arrangement and displacement. • Sediment that accumulates in the BMP should be periodically removed in order to maintain BMP effectiveness. Sediment should be removed when the sediment accumulation reaches one-third of the barrier height. • Inspect and maintain temporary geotextile insert devices according to manufacturer's specifications. • Remove storm drain inlet protection once the drainage area is stabilized. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 10 Construction www.casqa.org storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 - Clean and regrade area around the inlet and clean the inside of the storm drain inlet, as it should be free of sediment and debris at the time of final inspection. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management Manual for The Puget Sound Basin, Washington State Department of Ecology, Public Revievv Draft, 1991. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 6 of 10 Construction www.casqa.org storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 A-A Less thar ' oce ..y--.... X- LLL 1 1 ,—6 ' over'ao c: €-f.CS A i -Geotexti.e xi\ar.<e{ PLAN PROTECTION TY-E NO' TO SCA.E 1. ryjr ,jse 'r. areas wne-'e g'oCing hos beer Cf"i3 seed'r^g are pending, 2 Not applicable > paved creos, 5 Not apDi'coDie wif^ concentroteo fiovsis. • etec ar.a tsnc^ sc" stnc November 2009 California Stonnwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 7 of 10 storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 -Stabilize orec ond grcae uf-!fo<rri!y S'it fence Per Note. ^>mr;^ Remove sedirriert De*ore reaching Sect'Of A A M — M Cc=-^cen trcted fiCVt ROCK fi:tef{use *iow is coricen'ratec) taqe o' sedirrie'-^: foo Drain inet ] Geoiexti X Blanket 5'i' fence -^er SL NOT "0 SCAL Notes 1 "or jse 'r, cleared c-d gruDDea O'-'d in g^odec a-'eas 2. Srope Dcsin so tnoi longest ^"fiow areo foces longest lengt^ trop .? -o-- concentroted fiows. shape oosln -.n 2 ' rctio with leng'"" o^'e-'tec towofds di-'ec'ion Qt flow November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 8 of 10 storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 , Scriacoqs 2-Doas CAL ^ROTFCnCN FOR iNi '^piCAi. :'"iQN "0^ •A ' IN L N GRADE' NCTS. • i-'tenaeQ 'or snort-tern-- uSe. 2 Jse tc -i-iniD-t no^-stor-^ v<D:er 'lew 3 AMO* fc orcoer n-'OiitenoTe cnn c:enn.jp •'• Sags '^us; ce 'en-.oveo o*;e' oajacct operation is ccnp^eted 5 \o; opo'i-coDie "'• areas 'A t- r. c" si ts one days witrojt 'iile' *oonc D: ^ROTEC^'ON November 2009 Califomia Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 9 of 10 storm Drain Inlet Protection SE-10 f-^crdA-are c^ott wire i~":esn RO^ECTiON YR^ 4 NO" SCAu • November 2009 California Stomnwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 10 of 10 stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1 Description and Purpose A stabilized construction access is defined by a point of entrance/exit to a construction site that is stabilized to reduce the tracking of mud and dirt onto public roads by construction vehicles. Suitable Applications Use at construction sites: • Where dirt or mud can be tracked onto public roads. • Adjacent to water bodies. • Where poor soils are encountered. • Where dust is a problem during dry weather conditions. Limitations • Entrances and exits require periodic top dressing with additional stones. • This BMP should be used in conjunction with street sweeping on adjacent public right of way. • Entrances and exits should be constructed on level ground only. • Stabilized construction entrances are rather expensive to construct and when a wash rack is included, a sediment trap of some kind must also be provided to collect wash water Categories EC Erosion Control IS SE Sedinnent Control m TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Objective IE! Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bactena Oil and Grease Organics 0 Potential Alternatives None t AtJKWSlASTORMWAIIR November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 5 stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1 runoff. Implementation General A stabilized construction entrance is a pad of aggregate underlain with filter cloth located at any point where traffic will be entering or leaving a construction site to or from a public right of way, street, alley, sidewalk, or parking area. The purpose of a stabilized construction entrance is to reduce or eliminate the tracking of sediment onto public rights of way or streets. Reducing tracking of sediments and other pollutants onto paved roads helps prevent deposftion of sediments into local storm drains and production of airborne dust. Where traffic will be entering or leaving the construction site, a stabilized construction entrance should be used. NPDES permits require that appropriate measures be implemented to prevent tracking of sediments onto paved roadways, where a significant source of sediments is derived from mud and dirt carried out from unpaved roads and construction sites. Stabilized construction entrances are moderately effective in removing sediment from equipment leaving a construction site. The entrance should be built on level ground. Advantages of the Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit is that it does remove some sediment from equipment and serves to channel construction traffic in and out of the site at specified locations. Efficiency is greatly increased when a washing rack is included as part of a stabilized construction entrance/exit. Design and Layout m Construct on level ground where possible. • Select 3 to 6 in. diameter stones. B Use minimum depth of stones of 12 in. or as recommended by soils engineer, • Construct length of 50 ft minimum, and 30 ft minimum width. • Rumble racks constructed of steel panels with ridges and installed in the stabilized entrance/exit will help remove additional sediment and to keep adjacent streets clean. • Provide ample turning radii as part of the entrance. • Limit the points of entrance/exit to the construction site. • Limit speed of vehicles to control dust. • Properly grade each construction entrance/exit to prevent runoff from leaving the construction site. • Route runoff from stabilized entrances/exits through a sediment trapping device before discharge. • Design stabilized entrance/exit to support heaviest vehicles and equipment that will use it. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1 • Select construction access stabilization (aggregate, asphaltic concrete, concrete) based on longevity, required performance, and site conditions. Do not use asphalt concrete (AC) grindings for stabilized construction access/roadway. • If aggregate is selected, place crushed aggregate over geotextile fabric to at least 12 in. depth, or place aggregate to a depth recommended by a geotechnical engineer. A crushed aggregate greater than 3 in. but smaller than 6 in. should be used. • Designate combination or single purpose entrances and exits to the construction site. • Require that all employees, subcontractors, and suppliers utilize the stabilized construction access. • Implement SE-7, Street Sweeping and Vacuuming, as needed. • All exit locations intended to be used for more than a two-week period should have stabilized construction entrance/exit BMPs. Inspection and Maintenance • Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMPs are under way, inspect weekly during the rainy season and of two-week intervals in the non-rainy season to verify continued BMP implementation. • Inspect local roads adjacent to the site daily. Sweep or vacuum to remove visible accumulated sediment. • Remove aggregate, separate and dispose of sediment if construction entrance/exit is clogged with sediment. • Keep all temporary roadway ditches clear. • Check for damage and repair as needed. • Replace gravel material when surface voids are visible. • Remove all sediment deposited on paved roadways within 24 hours. • Remove gravel and filter fabric at completion of construction Costs Average annual cost for installation and maintenance may vary from Si,200 to $4,800 each, averaging §2,400 per entrance. Costs will increase with addition of washing rack, and sediment trap. With wash rack, costs range from Si,200 - S6,ooo each, averaging $3,600 per entrance. References Manual of Standards of Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, Association of Bay Area Governments, May 1995. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1 National Management Measures to Control Nonpoint Source Pollution from Urban Areas, USEPA Agency, 2002. Proposed Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Sources of Nonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters, Work Group Working Paper, USEPA, April 1992. Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management of the Puget Sound Basin, Technical Manual, Publication #91-75. Washington State Department of Ecology, February 1992. Virginia Erosion and Sedimentation Control Handbook, Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreafion, Division of Soil and Water Conservation, 1991. Guidance Specifying Management Measures for Nonpoint Pollution in Coastal Waters, EPA 840-B-9-002, USEPA, Office of Water, Washington, DC, 1993. Water Quality Management Plan for the Lake Tahoe Region, Volume II, Handbook of Management Practices, Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, November 1988. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1 _Cr-i>sheo oggregote greater ihc- / but snocHer tnan 6" liter fabr'c r U-g^nci grace 12 V^n, jniess otnerwise soeci'ied dy d soi's engineer SECTION 3-3 N"^S NO^E: Construct sedin-'ent barrier i ono cnonnelize runoff to sed'one^t trapping device Vdtcn Existing Grdde lerrporory pipe culver ds needed Min 1— ' Widtn dS reai..irea to cccon-'Odcte anticiDotec or fojr fmes the circun'i*erence of the iorgest co'^struction vehicle tire, whichever is greater November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org Sof 6 stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit TC-1 Crusned aggregate greater -nar 3" Dut sn-,a:ler tr cn 6", '--12' Vin, un ess othe'/Lse soeci'iec by c soils engineer SECTION B-B TTT? Crjshec aggregate greoter f^an 3" .'""out sn^oier than 6". i^orrugcteo stee' panels /, 12" Min, unless otherwise specified c soils engneer Filter 'aoric SECQION _A--A ~'Nor^o scALr NCnE. Construct sediment DCrrier unci channelize runo sedinnent trapping cevice bepirrent tropDing device Corrugated stee' pc-e s A ~T IC' nnir o' as 'equired to I acconnoaate onticipoted trof'ic, whicheve' is Greater, Match existing Grace or *Dur times tne circurrference '.he largest construction vehicle tire, wnichever is greoter ^LAN ""NT'S November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 6 of 6 stabilized Construction Roadway TC-2 Description and Purpose Access roads, subdivision roads, parking areas, and other onsite vehicle transportation routes should be stabilized immediately after grading, and frequently maintained to prev^ent erosion and control dust. Suitable Appiications This BMP should be applied for the following conditions: • Temporary Construction Traffic: - Phased construction projects and offsite road access - Construction during wet weather • Construction roadways and detour roads: - Where mud tracking is a problem during wet weather - Where dust is a problem during dry weather - Adjacent to water bodies Where poor soils are encountered Limitations • The roadway must be removed or paved when construction is complete. • Certain chemical stabilization methods may cause stormwater or soil pollution and should not be used. See WE-1, Wind Erosion Control. Categories EC Erosion Control 13 SE Sediment Control S TC Tracking Control 13 WE Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater Management Control NS yi_. Waste Management and " Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Objective S! Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics Potential Alternatives None ^^^^ (-AllfORMASTORMrtAllll November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 4 stabilized Construction Roadway TC-2 • Management of construction traffic is subject to air quality control measures. Contact the local air quality management agency. • Materials will likely need to be removed prior to final project grading and stabilization. • Use of this BMP may not be applicable to very short duration projects. Implementation GeneraZ Areas that are graded for construction vehicle transport and parking purposes are especially susceptible to erosion and dust. The exposed soil surface is continually disturbed, leaving no opportunity for vegetative stabilization. Such areas also tend to collect and transport runoff waters along their surfaces. During wet weather, they often become muddy quagmires that generate significant quantities of sediment that may pollute nearby streams or be transported offsite on the wheels of construction vehicles. Dirt roads can become so unstable during wet weather that they are virtually unusable. Efficient construction road stabilization not only reduces onsite erosion but also can significantly speed onsite work, avoid instances of immobilized machinery and delivery vehicles, and generally improve site efficiency and working conditions during adverse weather Installation/Application Criteria Permanent roads and parking areas should be paved as soon as possible after grading. As an alternative where construction will be phased, the early application of gravel or chemical stabilization may solve potential erosion and stability problems. Temporary gravel roadway should be considered during the rainy season and on slopes greater than 5%. Temporary roads should follow the contour of the natural terrain to the maximum extent possible. Slope should not exceed 15%. Roadways should be carefully graded to drain transversely. Provide drainage swales on each side of the roadway in the case of a crowned section or one side in the case of a super elevated section. Simple gravel berms without a trench can also be used. Installed inlets should be protected to prevent sediment laden water from entering the storm sewer system (SE-10, Storm Drain Inlet Protection). In addition, the following criteria should be considered. • Road should follow topographic contours to reduce erosion of the roadway. • The roadway slope should not exceed 15%. • Chemical stabilizers or water are usually required on gravel or dirt roads to prevent dust (WE-1, Wind Erosion Control). • Properly grade roadway to prevent runoff from leaving the construction site. • Design stabilized access to support heaviest vehicles and equipment that will use it. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org stabilized Construction Roadway TC-2 • Stabilize roadway using aggregate, asphalt concrete, or concrete based on longevity, required performance, and site conditions. The use of cold mix asphalt or asphalt concrete (AC) grindings for stabihzed construction roadway is not allowed. • Coordinate materials with those used for stabilized construction entrance/exit points. • If aggregate is selected, place crushed aggregate over geotextile fabric to at least 12 in. depth. A crushed aggregate greater than 3 in. but smaller than 6 in. should be used. Inspection and Maintenance • Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, impact weekly during the rainy season and of two-week intervals in the non-rainy season to verify continued BMP implementation. • Keep all temporary roadway ditches clear. • When no longer required, remove stabilized construction roadway and re-grade and repair slopes. • Periodically apply additional aggregate on gravel roads. • Active dirt construction roads are commonly watered three or more times per day during the dry season. Costs Gravel construction roads are moderately expensive, but cost is often balanced by reductions in construction delay. No additional costs for dust control on construction roads should be required above that needed to meet local air quality requirements. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995- Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program; Program Development and Approval Guidance, Working Group, Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992. Manual of Standards of Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, Association of Bay Area Governments, May 1995. Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. Stormwater Management of the Puget Sound Basin, Technical Manual, Publication #9ii-75. Washington State Department of Ecology, February 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org stabilized Construction Roadway TC-2 Virginia Erosion and Sedimentation Control Handbook, Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation, Division of Soil and Water Conservation, 1991. Water Quality Management Plan for the Lake Tahoe Region, Volume II, Handbook of Management Practices, Tahoe Regional Planning Agency, November 1988. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Entrance/Outlet Tire Wash TC-3 Description and Purpose A tire wash is an area located at stabilized construction access points to remove sediment from tires and under carriages and to prevent sediment from being transported onto public roadways. Suitable Appiications Tire washes may be used on construction sites where dirt and mud tracking onto public roads by construction vehicles may occur. Limitations • The tire wash requires a supply of wash water. • A turnout or doublewide exit is required to avoid having entering vehicles drive through the wash area. • Do not use where wet fire trucks leaving the site leave the road dangerously slick. Implementation • Incorporate with a stabilized construction entrance/exit. See TC-1, Stabilized Construcfion Entrance/Exit. • Construct on level ground when possible, on a pad of coarse aggregate greater than 3 in. but smaller than 6 in. A geotextile fabric should be placed below the aggregate. • Wash rack should be designed and constructed/manufactured for anticipated traffic loads. Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control il TC Tracking Control 0 WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Objective S Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 Potential Alternatives TC-1 Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit C .\l IKIRMA MORMV^AIt K November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 3 Entrance/Outlet Tire Wash TC-3 • Provide a drainage ditch that will convey the runoff from the wash area to a sediment trapping device. The drainage ditch should be of sufficient grade, width, and depth to carry the wash runoff. • Use hoses with automatic shutoff nozzles to prevent hoses from being left on. • Require that all employees, subcontractors, and others that leave the site with mud caked tires and undercarriages to use the wash facility. • Implement SC-y, Street Sweeping and Vacuuming, as needed. Costs Costs are low for installation of wash rack. Inspection and Maintenance • Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While acfivities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect weekly during the rainy season and of two-week intervals in the non-rainy season to verify continued BMP implementation. • Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharge daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. • Remove accumulated sediment in wash rack and/or sediment trap to maintain system performance. • Inspect routinely for damage and repair as needed. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollufion from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995- Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program; Program Development and Approval Guidance, Working Group, Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992. Manual of Standards of Erosion and Sediment Control Measures, Association of Bay Area Governments, May 1995. Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Entrance/Outlet Tire Wash TC-3 Crushed oggregote greater than r b^t snnoller than 6" Corrugcted steei panels ^.2' Vlin, uniess otherwise specified by o soils enginee Filter fabric SECTiON A-~A NOT TO SCALE _Crusned oggregote greoter then 3" Out snnoiler then 6" r-hLter fabric 1 / r- Oriainoi ^12" Min, unless otherwise specified by c soils engineer SECTION B-B Ditch to corry runoff — to 0 sediment trapping NOTE: Mony designs con be *ieic tcDricdted, or fdbricdted units may be used. Water supply &i hose TYPiCAL TIRE WASH NOT TO SCALE November 2009 Califomia Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 3 Wind Erosion Control WE-1 Categories EC SE TC WE NS WM Erosion Control Sediment Control Tracking Control Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater Management Control Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control 0 Legend: 0 Primary Category m Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Description and Purpose Wind erosion or dust control consists of applying water or other chemical dust suppressants as necessary to prevent or alleviate dust nuisance generated by construction activities. Covering small stockpiles or areas is an alternative to applying water or other dust palliatives. California's Mediterranean climate, with a short "wet" season and a typically long, hot "dry" season, allows the soils to thoroughly dry out. During the dry season, construction activities are at their peak, and disturbed and exposed areas are increasingly subject to wind erosion, sediment tracking and dust generated by construction equipment. Site conditions and climate can make dust control more of an erosion problem than water based erosion. Additionally, many local agencies, including Air Quality Management Districts, require dust control and/or dust control permits in order to comply with local nuisance laws, opacity laws (visibility impairment) and the requirements of the Clean Air Act. Wind erosion control is required to be implemented at all construction sites greater than 1 acre by the General Permit. Suitable Applications Most BMPs that provide protection against water-based erosion will also protect against wind-based erosion and dust control requirements required by other agencies will generally meet wind erosion control requirements for water quality protection. Wind erosion control BMPs are suitable during the following construction activities: Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 Potential Alternatives EC-5 Soil Binders CAI IIOKMA STORMMAirR November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 OfS Wind Erosion Control WE-1 • Construction vehicle traffic on unpaved roads • Drilling and blasting activities • Soils and debris storage piles • Batch drop from front-end loaders • Areas with unstabilized soil • Final grading/site stabilization Limitations • Watering prevents dust only for a short period (generally less than a few hours) and should be applied daily (or more often) to be effective. • Over watering may cause erosion and track-out. • Oil or oil-treated subgrade should not be used for dust control because the oil may migrate into drainageways and/or seep into the soil. • Chemical dust suppression agents may have potential environmental impacts. Selected chemical dust control agents should be environmentally benign. • Effectiveness of controls depends on soil, temperature, humidity, wind velocity and traffic. • Chemical dust suppression agents should not be used within ioo feet of wetlands or water bodies. • Chemically treated subgrades may make the soil water repellant, interfering with long-term infiltration and the vegetation/re-vegetation of the site. Some chemical dust suppressants may be subject to freezing and may contain solvents and should be handled properly. • In compacted areas, watering and other liquid dust control measures may wash sediment or other constituents into the drainage system. • If the soil surface has minimal natural moisture, the affected area may need to be pre-wetted so that chemical dust control agents can uniformly penetrate the soil surface. Implementation Dust Control Practices Dust control BMPs generally stabilize exposed surfaces and minimize activities that suspend or track dust particles. The following table presents dust control practices that can be applied to varying site conditions that could potentially cause dust. For heavily traveled and disturbed areas, wet suppression (watering), chemical dust suppression, gravel asphah surfacing, temporary gravel construction entrances, equipment wash-out areas, and haul truck covers can be employed as dust control applications. Permanent or temporary vegetation and mulching can be employed for areas of occasional or no construction traffic. Preventive measures include minimizing surface areas to be disturbed, limiting onsite vehicle traffic to 15 mph or less, and controlling the number and activity of vehicles on a site at any given time. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Wind Erosion Control WE-1 Chemical dust suppressants include: mulch and fiber based dust palliatives (e.g. paper mulch with gypsum binder), salts and brines (e.g. calcium chloride, magnesium chloride), non- petroleum based organics (e.g. vegetable oil, lignosulfonate), petroleum based organics (e.g. asphalt emulsion, dust oils, petroleum resins), synthetic polymers (e.g. polyvinyl acetate, vinyls, acrylic), clay additives (e.g. bentonite, montimorillonite) and electrochemical products (e.g. enzymes, ionic products). ' Silt CcodUoa - Diut Control Practices ' Silt CcodUoa - Pennanent Vegetation Mulching Wet Suppreaakxi (Waterint) chemical Duet Suppression Gravel or Aspfcalt Tonpsraiy Gnvel Conatraetion Bntraneca/Ewiipnwnt Wash Down Syntlieti* Covers Minimize Extent of DiaturlMd Area DiMriMd .Aruinot XralBc X X X X X X X X X X X ' StotkpUH X X X X X X X X •f!h.iffS^tl--' • 'Oami&on -X X X Vapmti 1 : ]to|^d«'''^' X X X X X ** X X Additional preventive measures include: • Schedule construction activities to minimize exposed area (see EC-i, Scheduling). • Quickly treat exposed soils using water, mulching, chemical dust suppressants, or stone/gravel layering. • Identify and stabilize key access points prior to commencement of construction, • Minimize the impact of dust by anticipating the direction of prevailing winds. • Restrict construction traffic to stabilized roadways within the project site, as practicable. • Water should be applied by means of pressure-type distributors or pipelines equipped with a spray system or hoses and nozzles that will ensure even distribution. • All distribution equipment should be equipped with a positive means of shutoff. • Unless water is applied by means of pipelines, at least one mobile unit should be available at all times to apply water or dust palliative to the project. • If reclaimed waste water is used, the sources and discharge must meet California Department of Health Services water reclamation criteria and the Regional Water Quality November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 3 of 5 Wind Erosion Control WE-1 Control Board (RWQCB) requirements. Non-potable water should not be conveyed in tanks or drain pipes that will be used to convey potable water and there should be no connection between potable and non-potable supplies. Non-potable tanks, pipes, and other conveyances should be marked, "NON-POTABLE WATER - DO NOT DRINK." • Pave or chemically stabilize access points where unpaved traffic surfaces adjoin pav^ed roads. • Provide covers for haul trucks transporting materiais that contribute to dust. • Provide for rapid clean up of sediments deposited on paved roads. Furnish stabilized construction road entrances and wheel wash areas. • Stabilize inactive areas of construction sites using temporary vegetation or chemical stabilization methods. For chemical stabilization, there are many products available for chemically stabilizing gravel roadways and stockpiles. If chemical stabilization is used, the chemicals should not create any adverse effects on stormwater, plant life, or groundwater and should meet all applicable regulatory requirements. Costs Installation costs for water and chemical dust suppression vary based on the method used and the length of effectiveness. Annual costs may be high since some of these measures are effective for only a few hours to a few days. Inspection and Maintenance • Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. • BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. • Check areas protected to ensure coverage. • Most water-based dust control measures require frequent application, often daily or even multiple times per day. Obtain vendor or independent information on longevity of chemical dust suppressants. References Best Management Practices and Erosion Control Manual for Construction Sites, Flood Control District of Maricopa County, Arizona, September 1992. California Air Pollution Control Laws, California Air Resources Board, updated annually. Construction Manual, Chapter 4, Section 10, "Dust Control"; Section 17, "Watering"; and Section 18, "Dust Palliative", California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), July 2001. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Wind Erosion Control WE-1 Prospects for Attaining the State Ambient Air Quality Standards for Suspended Particulate Matter (PMio), Visibility Reducing Particles, Sulfates, Lead, and Hydrogen Sulfide, California Air Resources Board, April 1991. Stormwater Quality Handbooks Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of CaHfornia Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Water Conservation Practices NS-1 Description and Purpose Water conservation practices are activities that use water during the construction of a project in a manner that avoids causing erosion and the transport of pollutants offsite. These practices can reduce or eliminate non-stormwater discharges. Suitable Appiications Waaler conservation practices are suitable for all construction sites where water is used, including piped water, metered water, trucked water, and water from a reservoir. Limitations • None identified. Implementation • Keep water equipment in good working condition. • Stabilize water truck filling area. • Repair water leaks promptly. • Washing of vehicles and equipment on the construction site is discouraged. • Avoid using water to clean construction areas. If water must be used for cleaning or surface preparation, surface should be swept and vacuumed first to remove dirt. This will minimize amount of water required. • Direct construction water runoff to areas where it can soak Categories EC Erosion Control Ixl SE Sediment Control m TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater 0 NS Management Control 0 WM Waste Management and WM Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Objective SI Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 Potential Alternatives None C miOHNIA STORMWAIt R November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 2 Water Conservation Practices NS-1 into the ground or be collected and reused. • Authorized non-stormwater discharges to the storm drain system, channels, or receiving waters are acceptable with the implementation of appropriate BMPs. • Lock water tank valves to prevent unauthorized use. Costs The cost is small to none compared to the benefits of conserving water. Inspection and Maintenance • Inspect and verify that activity based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of authorized non-stormwater discharges. • Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges are occuring. • Repair water equipment as needed to prevent unintended discharges. - Water trucks Water reservoirs (water buffalos) Irrigation systems Hydrant connections References Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), Nov^ember 2000. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 2 Construction www.casqa.org Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3 Description and Purpose Prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants from paving operations, using measures to prevent runon and runoff pollution, properly disposing of wastes, and training employees and subcontractors. The General Permit incorporates Numeric Effluent Limits (NEL) and Numeric Action Levels (NAL) for pH and turbidity' (see Section 2 ofthis handbook to determine your project's risk level and if you are subject to these requirements). Many types of construction materials associated with paving and grinding operations, including mortar, concrete, and cement and their associated wastes have basic chemical properties that can raise pH levels outside of the permitted range. Additional care should be taken when managing these materials to prevent them from coming into contact with stormwater flows, which could lead to exceedances of the General Permit requirements. Suitable Applications These procedures are implemented where paving, surfacing, resurfacing, or sawcutting, may pollute stormwater runoff or discharge to the storm drain system or watercourses. Limitations • Paving opportunities may be limited during wet weather. • Discharges of freshly paved surfaces may raise pH to environmentally harmful levels and trigger permit violations. Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control 0 WM Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Category @ Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 0 Potential Alternatives None CA( IIORMA snjRMWATlK November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of S Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3 Implementation GeneraZ • Avoid paving during the wet season when feasible. • Reschedule paving and grinding activities if rain is forecasted. • Train employees and sub-contractors in pollution prevention and reduction. • Store materials away from drainage courses to prevent stormwater runon (see WM-i, Material Delivery and Storage). • Protect drainage courses, particularly in areas with a grade, by employing BMPs to divert runoff or to trap and filter sediment. • Stockpile material removed from roadways away from drain inlets, drainage ditches, and watercourses. These materials should be stored consistent vvith WM-3, Stockpile Management. • Disposal of PCC (Portland cement concrete) and AC (asphalt concrete) waste should be in conformance with WM-8, Concrete Waste Management. Saw Cutting, Grinding, and Pavement Removal m Shovel or vacuum saw-cut slurry and remove from site. Cover or barricade storm drains during saw cutting to contain slurry. • When paving involves AC, the following steps should be implemented to prevent the discharge of grinding residue, uncompacted or loose AC, tack coats, equipment cleaners, or unrelated paving materials: - AC grindings, pieces, or chunks used in embankments or shoulder backing should not be allowed to enter any storm drains or watercourses. Install inlet protection and perimeter controls until area is stabilized (i.e. cutting, grinding or other removral activities are complete and loose material has been properly removed and disposed of)or permanent controls are in place. Examples of temporary perimeter controls can be found in EC-9, Earth Dikes and Drainage Swales; SE-i, Silt Fence; SE-5, Fiber Rolls, or SE-13 Compost Socks and Berms - Collect and remove all broken asphalt and recycle when practical. Old or spilled asphalt should be recycled or disposed of properly. • Do not allow saw-cut slurry to enter storm drains or watercourses. Residue from grinding operations should be picked up by a vacuum attachment to the grinding machine, or by sweeping, should not be allowed to flow across the pavement, and should not be left on the surface of the pavement. See also WT^-8, Concrete Waste Management, and WM-10. Liquid Waste Management. • Pavement removal activities should not be conducted in the rain. • Collect removed pavement material by mechanical or manual methods. This material may be recycled for use as shoulder backing or base material. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3 • If removed pavement material cannot be recycled, transport the material back to an approved storage site. Asphaltic Concrete Paving m If paving involves asphaltic cement concrete, follow these steps: - Do not allow sand or gravel placed over new asphah to wash into storm drains, streets, or creeks. Vacuum or sweep loose sand and gravel and properly dispose of this waste by referring to WM-5, Solid Waste Management. - Old asphah should be disposed of properly. Collect and remove all broken asphalt from the site and recycle whenever possible. Portland Cement Concrete Paving m Do not wash sweepings from exposed aggregate concrete into a storm drain system. Collect waste materials by dry methods, such as sweeping or shoveling, and return to aggregate base stockpile or dispose of properly. Allow aggregate rinse to settle. Then, either allow rinse water to dry in a temporary pit as described in WM-8, Concrete Waste Management, or pump the water to the sanitary sewer if authorized by the local wastewater authority. Sealing Operations u During chip seal application and sweeping operations, petroleum or petroleum covered aggregate should not be allowed to enter any storm drain or water courses. Apply temporary perimeter controls until structure is stabilized (i.e. all sealing operations are complete and cured and loose materials have been properly removed and disposed). • Inlet protection (SE-10, Storm Drain Inlet Protection) should be used during application of seal coat, tack coat, slurry seal, and fog seal. • Seal coat, tack coat, slurry seal, or fog seal should not be applied if rainfall is predicted to occur during the application or curing period. Paving Equipment • Leaks and spills from paving equipment can contain toxic levels of heavy metals and oil and grease. Place drip pans or absorbent materials under paving equipment when not in use. Clean up spills with absorbent materials and dispose of in accordance with the applicable regulations. See NS-10, Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance, WM-4, Spill Prevention and Control, and WM-10, Liquid Waste Management. • Substances used to coat asphalt transport trucks and asphalt spreading equipment should not contain soap and should be non-foaming and non-toxic, • Paving equipment parked onsite should be parked over plastic to prevent soil contamination. • Clean asphalt coated equipment offsite whenever possible. 'When cleaning dry, hardened asphalt from equipment, manage hardened asphalt debris as described in WM-5, Solid Waste Management. Any cleaning onsite should follow NS-8, Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3 Thermoplastic Striping m Thermoplastic striper and pre-heater equipment shutoff valves should be inspected to ensure that they are working properiy to prevent leaking thermoplastic from entering drain inlets, the stormwater drainage system, or watercourses. • Pre-heaters should be filled carefully to prevent splashing or spilling of hot thermoplastic. Leave six inches of space at the top of the pre-heater container when filling thermoplastic to allow room for material to move. • Do not pre-heat, transfer, or load thermoplastic near drain inlets or watercourses. • Clean truck beds daily of loose debris and melted thermoplastic. When possible, recycle thermoplastic material. Raised/Recessed Pavement Marker Application and Removal • Do not transfer or load bituminous material near drain inlets, the stormwater drainage system, or watercourses. • Melting tanks should be loaded with care and not filled to beyond six inches from the top to leave room for splashing. • When servicing or filling melting tanks, ensure all pressure is released before removing lids to avoid spills. • On large-scale projects, use mechanical or manual methods to collect excess bituminous material from the roadway after removal of markers. Costs • All of the above are low cost measures. Inspection and Maintenance • Inspect and verify that activity -based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of paving and grinding operations. • BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. • Sample stormwater runoff required by the General Permit. • Keep ample supplies of drip pans or absorbent materials onsite. • Inspect and maintain machinery regularly to minimize leaks and drips. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay; Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Contro! Program, 1995. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Paving and Grinding Operations NS-3 Hot Mix Asphalt-Paving Handbook AC 150/5370-14, Appendix I, U.S. Army Corps of Engineers, July 1991. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 5 Construction www, casqa.org Illicit Connection/Discharge NS-6 / Description and Purpose Procedures and practices designed for construction contractors to recognize illicit connections or illegally dumped or discharged materials on a construction site and report incidents. Suitable Appiications This best management practice (BMP) applies to all construction projects. Illicit connection/discharge and reporting is applicable anytime an illicit connection or discharge is discovered or illegally dumped material is found on the construction site. Limitations Illicit connections and illegal discharges or dumping, for the purposes of this BMP, refer to discharges and dumping caused by parties other than the contractor. If pre-existing hazardous materials or wastes are known to exist onsite, they should be identified in the SWTPP and handled as set forth in the SWPPP. Implementation Planning • Review the SWTPP. Pre-existing areas of contamination should be identified and documented in the SWPPP, • Inspect site before beginning the job for evidence of illicit connections, illegal dumping or discharges. Document any pre-existing conditions and notify the owrner. • Inspect site regularly during project execution for evidence Categories EC SE TC WE NS WM Erosion Control Sediment Control Tracking Control Wind Erosion Control Non-Stonnwater Management Control Waste Management and Meerials Pollulion Control Legend: 0 Primary Objective IS Secondary Objective 0 Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 0 0 0 0 0 Potential Alternatives None CAUFORNIA mORMnAICR November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 3 Illicit Connection/Discharge NS-6 of illicit connections, illegal dumping or discharges. • Observe site perimeter for evidence for potential of illicitly discharged or illegally dumped material, which may enter the job site. Identification of Illicit Connections and Illegal Dumping or Discharges m General - unlabeled and unidentifiable material should be treated as hazardous. • Solids - Look for debris, or rubbish piles. Solid waste dumping often occurs on roadways with light traffic loads or in areas not easily visible from the traveled way. • Liquids - signs of illegal liquid dumping or discharge can include: Visible signs of staining or unusual colors to the pavement or surrounding adjacent soils Pungent odors coming from the drainage systems Discoloration or oily substances in the water or stains and residues detained within ditches, channels or drain boxes Abnormal water flow during the dry weather season • Urban Areas - Evidence of illicit connections or illegal discharges is typically detected at storm drain outfall locations or at manholes. Signs of an illicit connection or illegal discharge can include: Abnormal water flow during the dry weather season Unusual flows in sub drain systems used for dewatering Pungent odors coming from the drainage systems Discoloration or oily substances in the water or stains and residues detained within ditches, channels or drain boxes Excessive sediment deposits, particularly adjacent to or near active offsite construction projects • Rural Areas - Illicit connections or illegal discharges involving irrigation drainage ditches are detected by visual inspections. Signs of an illicit discharge can include: Abnormal water flow during the non-irrigation season Non-standard junction structures Broken concrete or other disturbances at or near junction structures Reporting Notify- the owner of any illicit connections and illegal dumping or discharge incidents at the time of discovery. For illicit connections or discharges to the storm drain system, notify the local stormwater management agency. For illegal dumping, notify the local law enforcement agency. Cleanup and Removal The responsibility for cleanup and removal of illicit or illegal dumping or discharges will vary by location. Contact the local stormwater management agency for further information. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Illicit Connection/Discharge NS-6 Costs Costs to look for and report illicit connections and illegal discharges and dumping are low. The best way to avoid costs associated with illicit connections and illegal discharges and dumping is to keep the project perimeters secure to prevent access to the site, to observe the site for vehicles that should not be there, and to document any waste or hazardous materials that exist onsite before taking possession ofthe site. Inspection and Maintenance • Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect weekly during the rainy season and at two-week intervals in the non-rainy season to verify continued BMP implementation. • Inspect the site regularly to check for any illegal dumping or discharge. • Prohibit employees and subcontractors from disposing of non-job related debris or materials at the construction site. • Notify the owner of any illicit connections and illegal dumping or discharge incidents at the time of discovery. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995- Stormwater Quality' Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Potable Water/Irrigation NS-7 Description and Purpose Potable Water/Irrigation consists of practices and procedures to manage the discharge of potential pollutants generated during discharges from irrigation water lines, landscape irrigation, lavm or garden watering, planned and unplanned discharges from potable water sources, water Hne flushing, and hydrant flushing. Suitable Applications Implement this BMP whenever potable water or irrigation water discharges occur at or enter a construction site. Limitations None identified. Implementation • Direct water from offsite sources around or through a construction site, where feasible, in a way that minimizes contact with the construction site. • Discharges from water line flushing should be reused for landscaping purposes where feasible. • Shut off the water source to broken lines, sprinlders, or valves as soon as possible to prevent excess water flow. • Protect downstream stormwater drainage systems and watercourses from water pumped or bailed from trenches excavated to repair water lines. • Inspect irrigated areas within the construction limits for Categories EC SE TC WE NS WM Erosion Control Sedinrent Control Tracking Control Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater Management Control Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control 0 Legend: 0 Primary Objective @ Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bactena Oil and Grease Organics 0 0 0 0 Potential Alternatives None C AUFOIX>A StOXMttATIR November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 2 Potable Water/Irrigation NS-7 excess watering. Adjust watering times and schedules to ensure that the appropriate amount of water is being used and to minimize runoff. Consider factors such as soil structure, grade, time of year, and type of plant material in determining the proper amounts of water for a specific area. Costs Cost to manage potable vvater and irrigation are low and generally considered to be a normal part of related activities. Inspection and Maintenance • Inspect and verify tbat activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect weekly during the rainy season and at two-week intervals in the non-rainy season to verify continued BMP implementation. • Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. • Repair broken water lines as soon as possible. • Inspect irrigated areas regularly for signs of erosion and/or discharge. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995- Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 2 Construction www.casqa.org Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning NS-8 Description and Purpose Vehicle and equipment cleaning procedures and practices eliminate or reduce the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from vehicle and equipment cleaning operations. Procedures and practices include but are not limited to: using offsite facilities; washing in designated, contained areas only; eliminating discharges to the storm drain by infiltrating the wash water; and training employees and subcontractors in proper cleaning procedures. Suitable Applications These procedures are suitable on all construction sites where vehicle and equipment cleaning is performed. Limitations Even phosphate-free, biodegradable soaps have been shown to be toxic to fish before the soap degrades. Sending vehicles/equipment offsite should be done in conjunction with TC-1, Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit. Implementation Other options to washing equipment onsite include contracting with either an offsite or mobile commercial washing business. These businesses may be better equipped to handle and dispose of the wash waters properly. Performing this work offsite can also be economical by eliminating the need for a separate washing operation onsite. If washing operations are to take place onsite, then: Categories EC SE TC WE NS WM Erosion Control Sediment Control Tracking Control Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater Management Control Waste Management and Materials Pollution Conbt)l 0 Legend: 0 Primary Objective \S Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 0 0 0 Potential Alternatives None < AlllUR.\IASrURAIkvA)LR November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 3 Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning NS-8 • Use phosphate-free, biodegradable soaps. • Educate employees and subcontractors on pollution prevention measures. • Do not permit steam cleaning onsite. Steam cleaning can generate significant pollutant concentrates. • Cleaning of vehicles and equipment with soap, solvents or steam should not occur on the project site unless resulting wastes are fully contained and disposed of. Resulting wastes should not be discharged or buried, and must be captured and recycled or disposed according to the requirements of WM-io, Liquid Waste Management or WM-6, Hazardous Waste Management, depending on the waste characteristics. Minimize use of solvents. Use of diesel for vehicle and equipment cleaning is prohibited. • All vehicles and equipment that regularly enter and leave the construction site must be cleaned offsite. • When vehicle and equipment washing and cleaning must occur onsite, and the operation cannot be located within a structure or building equipped with appropriate disposal facilities, the outside cleaning area should have the following characteristics: - Located away from storm drain inlets, drainage facilities, or watercourses - Paved with concrete or asphalt and bermed to contain wash waters and to prevent runon and runoff - Configured with a sump to allow collection and disposal of wash water - No discharge of wash waters to storm drains or watercourses Used only when necessary • When cleaning vehicles and equipment with water: - Use as little water as possible. High-pressure sprayers may use less water than a hose and should be considered - Use positive shutoff valve to minimize water usage - Facility wash racks should discharge to a sanitary sewer, recycle system or other approved discharge system and must not discharge to the storm drainage system, watercourses, or to groundwater Costs Cleaning vehicles and equipment at an offsite facility may reduce overall costs for vehicle and equipment cleaning by eliminating the need to provide similar services onsite. When onsite cleaning is needed, the cost to establish appropriate facilities is relatively low on larger, long- duration projects, and moderate to high on small, short-duration projects. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning NS-8 Inspection and Maintenance • Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect weekly during the rainy season and at two-week intervals in the non-rainy season to verify continued BMP implementation. • Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. • Inspection and maintenance is minimal, although some berm repair may be necessary. • Monitor employees and subcontractors throughout the duration of the construction project to ensure appropriate practices are being implemented. m Inspect sump regularly and remove liquids and sediment as needed. • Prohibit employees and subcontractors from washing personal vehicles and equipment on the construction site. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Swisher, R.D. Surfactant Biodegradation, Marcel Decker Corporation, 1987. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Vehicle and Equipment Fueling NS-9 Description and Purpose Vehicle equipment fueling procedures and practices are designed to prevent fuel spills and leaks, and reduce or eliminate contamination of stormwater. This can be accomplished by using offsite facilities, fueling in designated areas only, enclosing or covering stored fuel, implementing spill controls, and training employees and subcontractors in proper fueling procedures. Suitable Applications These procedures are suitable on all construction sites where vehicle and equipment fueling takes place. Limitations Onsite vehicle and equipment fueling should only be used where it is impractical to send vehicles and equipment offsite for fucHng. Sending vehicles and equipment offsite should be done in conjunction with TC-i, Stabilized Construction Entrance/ Exit. Implementation • Use offsite fueling stations as much as possible. These businesses are better equipped to handle fuel and spills properly. Performing this work offsite can also be economical by eliminating the need for a separate fueling area at a site. • Discourage "topping-off' of fuel tanks. • Absorbent spill cleanup materials and spill kits should be available in fueling areas and on fueling trucks, and should Categories EC SE TC WE NS WM Erosion Control Sediment Control Tracking Control Wind Erosion Control Non-Stonmwater Management Control Waste Management and Materials Pollulion Control Legend: 0 Primary Objective HI Secondary Objective 0 Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease 0 Organics Potential Alternatives None CAUFORNIA !iTaRMVVAUR November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 3 Vehicle and Equipment Fueling NS-9 be disposed of properly after use. • Drip pans or absorbent pads should be used during vehicle and equipment fueling, unless the fueling is performed over an impermeable surface in a dedicated fueling area. • Use absorbent materials on small spills. Do not hose down or bury the spill. Remove the adsorbent materials promptly and dispose of properly. • Avoid mobile fueling of mobile construction equipment around the site; rather, transport the equipment to designated fueling areas. With the exception of tracked equipment such as bulldozers and large excavators, most vehicles should be able to travel to a designated area with little lost time. • Train employees and subcontractors in proper fueling and cleanup procedures. • When fueling must take place onsite, designate an area away from drainage courses to be used. Fueling areas should be identified in the SWPPP. • Dedicated fueling areas should be protected from stormwater runon and runoff, and should be located at least 50 ft away from downstream drainage facilities and watercourses. Fueling must be performed on level-grade areas. • Protect fueling areas with berms and dikes to prevent runon, runoff, and to contain spills. • Nozzles used in vehicle and equipment fueling should be equipped with an automatic shutoff to control drips. Fueling operations should not be left unattended. • Use vapor recovery nozzles to help control drips as well as air pollution where required by Air Quality Management Districts (AQMD). • Federal, state, and local requirements should be observed for any stationary above ground storage tanks. Costs • All of the above measures are low cost except for the capital costs of above ground tanks that meet all local environmental, zoning, and fire codes. Inspection and Maintenance • Vehicles and equipment should be inspected each day of use for leaks. Leaks should be repaired immediately or problem vehicles or equipment should be removed from the project site. • Keep ample supplies of spill cleanup materials onsite. • Immediately clean up spills and properly dispose of contaminated soil and cleanup materials. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Vehicle and Equipment Fueling NS-9 References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995- Coastal Nonpoint PoUution Control Program: Program Development and Approval Guidance, Working Group Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992. Stormwater QuaHty Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual. State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992- November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance NS-10 Description and Purpose Prevent or reduce the contamination of stormwater resulting from vehicle and equipment maintenance by running a "dry and clean site". The best option would be to perform maintenance activities at an offsite facility. If this option is not available then work should be performed in designated areas only, while providing cover for materials stored outside, checking for leaks and spills, and containing and cleaning up spills immediately. Employees and subcontractors must be trained in proper procedures. Suitable Applications These procedures are suitable on all construction projects where an onsite yard area is necessary for storage and maintenance of heavy equipment and vehicles. Limitations Onsite vehicle and equipment maintenance should only be used where it is impractical to send vehicles and equipment offsite for maintenance and repair. Sending vehicles/equipment offsite should be done in conjunction with TC-i, Stabilized Construction Entrance/Exit. Outdoor vehicle or equipment maintenance is a potentially significant source of stormwater pollution. Activities that can contaminate stormwater include engine repair and senice, changing or replacement of fluids, and outdoor equipment storage and parking (engine fluid leaks). For further information on vehicle or equipment servicing, see NS-8, Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning, and NS-9, Vehicle and Categories EC SE TC WE NS WM Erosion Control Sediment Control Tracking Control Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater Management Control Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control 0 Legend: 0 Primary Objective M Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 0 0 0 Potential Alternatives None CAUFORNIA KFORMWAIFR November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 4 Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance NS-10 Equipment Fueling. Implementation • Use offsite repair shops as much as possible. These businesses are better equipped to handle vehicle fluids and spills properly. Performing this work offsite can also be economical by eliminating the need for a separate maintenance area. • If maintenance must occur onsite, use designated areas, located away from drainage courses. Dedicated maintenance areas should be protected from stormwater runon and runoff, and should be located at least 50 ft from downstream drainage facilities and watercourses. • Drip pans or absorbent pads should be used during vehicle and equipment maintenance work that involves fluids, unless the maintenance work is performed over an impermeable surface in a dedicated maintenance area. • Place a stockpile of spill cleanup materials where it will be readily accessible. • All fueling trucks and fueling areas are required to have spill kits and/or use other spill protection devices, • Use adsorbent materials on small spills. Remove the absorbent materials promptly and dispose of properly. • Inspect onsite vehicles and equipment daily at startup for leaks, and repair immediately. • Keep vehicles and equipment clean; do not allow excessive build-up of oil and grease. • Segregate and recycle wastes, such as greases, used oil or oil filters, antifreeze, cleaning solutions, automotive batteries, hydraulic and transmission fluids. Provide secondary containment and covers for these materials if stored onsite. • Train employees and subcontractors in proper maintenance and spill cleanup procedures. • Drip pans or plastic sheeting should be placed under all vehicles and equipment placed on docks, barges, or other structures over water bodies when the vehicle or equipment is planned to be idle for more than 1 hour. • For long-term projects, consider using portable tents or covers over maintenance areas if maintenance cannot be performed offsite. • Consider use of new, alternative greases and lubricants, such as adhesive greases, for chassis lubrication and fifth-wheel lubrication. • Properly dispose of used oils, fluids, lubricants, and spill cleanup materials. • Do not place used oil in a dumpster or pour into a storm drain or watercourse. • Properly dispose of or recycle used batteries. • Do not bury used tires. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance NS-10 • Repair leaks of fluids and oil immediately. Listed below- is further information if you must perform vehicle or equipment maintenance onsite. Sqfer Altemative Products • Consider products that are less toxic or hazardous than regular products. These products are often sold under an "environmentally friendly" label. • Consider use of grease substitutes for lubrication of truck fifth-wheels. Follow manufacturers label for details on specific uses. • Consider use of plastic friction plates on truck fifth-wheels in lieu of grease. Follovv manufacturers label for details on specific uses. Waste Reduction Parts are often cleaned using solvents such as trichloroethylene, trichloroethane, or methylene chloride. Many of these cleaners are listed in CaHfomia Toxic Rule as priority pollutants. These materials are harmful and must not contaminate stormwater. They must be disposed of as a hazardous waste. Reducing the number of solvents makes recycling easier and reduces hazardous waste management costs. Often, one solvent can perform a job as well as two different solvents. Also, if possible, eliminate or reduce the amount of hazardous materials and waste by substituting non-hazardous or less hazardous materials. For example, replace chlorinated organic solvents with non-chlorinated solvents. Non-chlorinated solvents like kerosene or mineral spirits are less toxic and less expensive to dispose of properly. Check the list of active ingredients to see whether it contains chlorinated solvents. The "chlor" term indicates that the solvent is chlorinated. Also, try substituting a wire brush for solvents to clean parts. Recycling and Disposal Separating wastes allows for easier recycling and may reduce disposal costs. Keep hazardous wastes separate, do not mix used oil solvents, and keep chlorinated solvents (like,- trichloroethane) separate from non-chlorinated solvents (like kerosene and mineral spirits). Promptly transfer used fluids to the proper waste or recycling drums. Don't leave full drip pans or other open containers lying around. Provide cover and secondary containment until these materials can be removed from the site. Oil filters can be recycled. Ask your oil supplier or recycler about recycling oil filters. Do not dispose of extra paints and coatings by dumping liquid onto the ground or throwing it into dumpsters. Allow coatings to dry or harden before disposal into covered dumpsters. Store cracked batteries in a non-leaking secondary container. Do this with all cracked batteries, even if you think all the acid has drained out. If you drop a battery, treat it as if it is cracked. Put it into the containment area until you are sure it is not leaking. Costs All of the above are low cost measures. Higher costs are incurred to setup and maintain onsite maintenance areas. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Vehicle & Equipment Maintenance NS-10 Inspection and Maintenance • Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect weekly during the rainy season and at two-week intervals in the non-rainy season to verify continued BMP implementation. • Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. • Keep ample supplies of spill cleanup materials onsite. • Maintain waste fluid containers in leak proof condition. • Vehicles and equipment should be inspected on each day of use. Leaks should be repaired immediately or the problem vehicle(s) or equipment should be removed from the project site. • Inspect equipment for damaged hoses and leaky gaskets routinely. Repair or replace as needed. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program. 1995- Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program; Program Development and Approval Guidance, Working Group, Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Curing NS-12 Description and Purpose Concrete curing is used in the construction of structures such as bridges, retaining walls, pump houses, large slabs, and structured foundations. Concrete curing includes the use of both chemical and water methods. Concrete and its associated curing materials have basic chemical properties that can raise the pH of water to levels outside of the permitted range. Discharges of stormwater and non-stormwater exposed to concrete during curing may have a high pH and may contain chemicals, metals, and fines. The General Permit incorporates Numeric Effluent Limits (NEL) and Numeric Action Levels (NAL) for pH (see Section 2 of this handbook to determine your project's risk level and if you are subject to these requirements). Proper procedures and care should be taken when managing concrete curing materials to prevent them from coming into contact with stormwater flows, which could resuk in a high pH discharge. Suitable Applications Suitable applications include all projects where Portland Cement Concrete (PCC) and concrete curing chemicals are placed where they can be exposed to rainfall, runoff from other areas, or where runoff from the PCC will leave the site. Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control 0 WM Waste Maiagement and Materials Pollution Control 0 Legend: 0 Primary Category \S Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 0 0 Potential Alternatives None CAUFORMA SrORMWAllR November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 3 Concrete Curing NS-12 Limitations • Runoff contact with concrete waste can raise pH levels in the water to environmentally harmful levels and trigger permit violations. Implementation Chemical Curing m Avoid over spray of curing compounds. • Minimize the drift by applying the curing compound close to the concrete surface. Apply an amount of compound that covers the surface, but does not allow any runoff of the compound. • Use proper storage and handling techniques for concrete curing compounds. Refer to WM- 1, Material Delivery and Storage. • Protect drain inlets prior to the application of curing compounds. • Refer to WM-4, Spill Prevention and Control. Water Curing for Bridge Decks, Retaining Walls, and other Structures m Direct cure water away from inlets and watercourses to coHection areas for evaporation or other means of removal in accordance with all applicable permits. See WM-8 Concrete Waste Management. • Collect cure water at the top of slopes and transport to a concrete waste management area in a non-erosive manner. See EC-9 Earth Dikes and Drainage Swales, EC-10, Velocity Dissipation Devices, and EC-11, Slope Drains. • Utilize wet blankets or a similar method that maintains moisture while minimizing the use and possible discharge of water. Education • Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers on proper concrete curing techniques to prevent contact with discharge as described herein. • Arrange for the QSP or the appropriately trained contractor's superintendent or representative to oversee and enforce concrete curing procedures. Costs All of the above measures are generally low cost. Inspection and Maintenance • Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. • BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Curing NS-12 • Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. • Sample non-stormwater discharges and stormwater runoff that contacts uncured and partially cured concrete as required by the General Permit. • Ensure that employees and subcontractors implement appropriate measures for storage, handHng, and use of curing compounds. • Inspect cure containers and spraying equipment for leaks. References Blue Print for a Clean Bay-Construction-Related Industries: Best Management Practices for Stormwater Pollution Prevention; Santa Clara Valley Non Point Source Pollution Control Program, 1992. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of CaHfornia Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. Erosion and Sediment Control Manual, Oregon Department of Environmental Quality, February 2005. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Finisfiing NS-13 Description and Purpose Concrete finishing methods are used for bridge deck rehabilitation, paint removal, curing compound removal, and final surface finish appearances. Methods include sand blasting, shot blasting, grinding, or high pressure water blasting. Stormwater and non-stormwater exposed to concrete finishing by-products may have a high pH and may contain chemicals, metals, and fines. Proper procedures and implementation of appropriate BMPs can minimize the impact that concrete-finishing methods may have on stormwater and non-stormwater discharges. The General Permit incorporates Numeric Effluent Limits (NEL) and Numeric Action Levels (NAL) for pH (see Section 2 of this handbook to determine your project's risk level and if you are subject to these requirements). Concrete and its associated curing materials have basic chemical properties that can raise pH levels outside of the permitted range. Additional care should be taken when managing these materials to prevent them from coming into contact vvith stormwater flows, which could lead to exceedances of the General Permit requirements. Suitable Applications These procedures apply to all construction locations where concrete finishing operations are performed. Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control 0 WM Waste Management and Matenals Pollutksn Control 0 Legend: 0 Primary Category @ Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 0 0 Potential Alternatives None CAUFORMA STORkFMATFR November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 3 Concrete Finishing NS-13 Limitations • Runoff contact with concrete waste can raise pH levels in the water to environmentally harmful levels and trigger permit violations. Implementation • Collect and properly dispose of water from high-pressure water blasting operations. • Collect contaminated water from blasting operations at the top of slopes. Transport or dispose of contaminated water while using BMPs such as those for erosion control. Refer to EC-9, Earth Dikes and Drainage Swales, EC-io, Velocity Dissipation Devices, and EC-ii, Slope Drains. • Direct water from blasting operations away from inlets and watercourses to collection areas for infiltration or other means of removal (dewatering). Refer to NS-2 Dewatering Operations. • Protect inlets during sandblasting operations. Refer to SE-io, Storm Drain Inlet Protection. • Refer to WM-8, Concrete Waste Management for disposal of concrete debris. • Minimize the drift of dust and blast material as much as possible by keeping the blasting nozzle close to the surface. • When blast residue contains a potentially hazardous waste, refer to WM-6, Hazardous Waste Management. Education • Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers on proper concrete finishing techniques to prevent contact with discharge as described herein. • Arrange for the QSP or the appropriately trained contractor's superintendent or representative to oversee and enforce concrete finishing procedures. Costs These measures are generally of low cost. Inspection and Maintenance • Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. • BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. • Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharges daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. • Sample non-stormwater discharges and stormwater runoff that contacts concrete dust and debris as required by the General Permit. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Finishing NS-13 • Sweep or vacuum up debris from sandblasting at the end of each shift. • At the end of each work shift, remove and contain liquid and solid waste from containment structures, if any, and from the general work area. • Inspect containment structures for damage prior to use and prior to onset of forecasted rain. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, ii995- Stormwater Quality' Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities, Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practices, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Material Delivery and Storage WM-1 Description and Purpose Prevent, reduce, or eliminate the discharge of pollutants from material delivery and storage to the stormwater system or watercourses by minimizing the storage of hazardous materials onsite, storing materials in watertight containers and/or a completely enclosed designated area, installing secondary containment, conducting regular inspections, and training employees and subcontractors. This best management practice covers only material delivery and storage. For other information on materials, see WM-2, Material Use, or WM-4, Spill Prevention and Control. For information on wastes, see the waste management BMPs in this section. Suitable Applications These procedures are suitable for use at all construction sites with delivery and storage of the following materials: • Soil stabilizers and binders • Pesticides and herbicides • Fertilizers • Detergents • Plaster • Petroleum products such as fuel, oil, and grease Categories EC SE TC WE NS WM Erosion Control Sediment Control Tracking Control Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater Management Control Waste Management and Materials Pollutkm Control Legend: EI Primary Category Secondary Category 0 Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oii and Grease Organics 0 0 0 0 0 0 Potential Alternatives None CALIFORNIA STORMWATCR November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of S Material Delivery and Storage WM-1 • Asphalt and concrete components • Hazardous chemicals such as acids, lime, glues, adhesives, paints, solvents, and curing compounds • Concrete compounds • Other materials that may be detrimental if released to the environment Limitations • Space limitation may preclude indoor storage. • Storage sheds often must meet building and fire code requirements. Implementation The following steps should be taken to minimize risk: • Chemicals must be stored in water tight containers with appropriate secondary containment or in a storage shed. • When a material storage area is located on bare soil, the area should be lined and bermed. • Use containment pallets or other practica! and available solutions, such as storing materials within newly constructed buildings or garages, to meet material storage requirements. • Stack erodible landscape material on pallets and cover when not in use. • Contain all fertilizers and other landscape materials when not in use. • Temporary storage areas should be located away from vehicular traffic. • Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) should be available on-site for all materials stored that have the potential to effect water quality-. • Construction site areas should be designated for material delivery and storage. • Material delivery and storage areas should be located away from waterways, if possible. - Avoid transport near drainage paths or watenvays. Surround with earth berms or other appropriate containment BMP. See EC-9, Earth Dikes and Drainage Swales. Place in an area that will be paved. • Storage of reactive, ignitable, or flammable liquids must comply with the fire codes of your area. Contact the local Fire Marshal to review site materials, quantities, and proposed storage area to determine specific requirements. See the Flammable and Combustible Liquid Code, NFPA30. • An up to date inventory of materials delivered and stored onsite should be kept. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Material Delivery and Storage WM-1 • Hazardous materials storage onsite should be minimized. • Hazardous materials should be handled as infrequently as possible. • Keep ample spill cleanup supplies appropriate for the materials being stored. Ensure that cleanup supplies are in a conspicuous, labeled area. • Employees and subcontractors should be trained on the proper material delivery and storage practices. • Employees trained in emergency spill cleanup procedures must be present when dangerous materials or liquid chemicals are unloaded. • If significant residual materials remain on the ground after construction is complete, properly remove and dispose of materials and any contaminated soil. See WM-7, Contaminated Soil Management. If the area is to be paved, pave as soon as materials are removed to stabilize the soil. Material Storage Areas and Practices m Liquids, petroleum products, and substances listed in 40 CFR Parts 110,117, or 302 should be stored in approved containers and drums and should not be overfilled. Containers and drums should be placed in temporary containment faciHties for storage. • A temporary containment facility' should provide for a spill containment volume able to contain precipitation from a 25 year storm event, plus the greater of 10% of the aggregate volume of all containers or 100% of the capacity ofthe largest container within its boundary, whichever is greater. • A temporary containment facility- should be impenious to the materials stored therein for a minimum contact time of 72 hours. • A temporary containment facility should be maintained free of accumulated rainwater and spills. In the event of spills or leaks, accumulated rainwater and spills should be collected and placed into drums. These liquids should be handled as a hazardous waste unless testing determines them to be non-hazardous. All collected liquids or non-hazardous liquids should be sent to an approved disposal site. • Sufficient separation should be provided between stored containers to allow for spill cleanup and emergency response access. • Incompatible materials, such as chlorine and ammonia, should not be stored in the same temporary containment facility. • Materials should be covered prior to, and during rain events. • Materials should be stored in their original containers and the original product labels should be maintained in place in a legible condition. Damaged or othenvise illegible labels should be replaced immediately. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Material Delivery and Storage WM-1 • Bagged and boxed materials should be stored on pallets and should not be allowed to accumulate on the ground. To provide protection from wind and rain throughout the rainy season, bagged and boxed materials should be covered during non-working days and prior to and during rain events. • Stockpiles should be protected in accordance with W^M-3, Stockpile Management. • Materials should be stored Indoors within existing structures or completely enclosed storage sheds when available. • Proper storage instructions should be posted at all times in an open and conspicuous location. • An ample supply of appropriate spill clean up material should be kept near storage areas. • Also see WM-6, Hazardous Waste Management, for storing of hazardous wastes. Material Delivery Practices m Keep an accurate, up-to-date inventory of material delivered and stored onsite. • Arrange for employees trained in emergency spill cleanup procedures to be present when dangerous materials or liquid chemicals are unloaded. Spill Cleanup • Contain and clean up any spill immediately. • Properly remove and dispose of any hazardous materials or contaminated soil if significant residual materials remain on the ground after construction is complete. See WM-7, Contaminated Soil Management. • See WM-4, Spill Prevention and Control, for spills of chemicals and/or hazardous materials. • If spills or leaks of materials occur that are not contained and could discharge to surface waters, non-visible sampling of site discharge may be required. Refer to the General Permit or to your project specific Construction Site Monitoring Plan to determine if and where sampling is required. Cost • The largest cost of implementation may be in the construction of a materials storage area that is covered and provides secondary containment. Inspection and Maintenance • BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. • Keep storage areas clean and well organized, including a current list of all materials onsite. • Inspect labels on containers for legibility and accuracy. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Material Delivery and Storage WM-1 • Repair or replace perimeter controls, containment structures, covers, and liners as needed to maintain proper function. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995- Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program: Program Development and Approval Guidance, Working Group Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 5 Construction www.casqa.org Material Use WM-2 Description and Purpose Prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to the storm drain system or watercourses from material use by using alternative products, minimizing hazardous material use onsite, and training employees and subcontractors. Suitable Applications This BMP is suitable for use at all construction projects. These procedures apply when the following materials are used or prepared onsite: • Pesticides and herbicides • Fertilizers • Detergents • Petroleum products such as fuel, oil, and grease • Asphalt and other concrete components • Other hazardous chemicals such as acids, lime, glues, adhesives, paints, solvents, and curing compounds • Other materials that may be detrimental if released to the environment Categories EC SE TC WE NS WM Erosion Control Sediment Control Tracking Control Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater Management Control Waste Management and Materials Pollutron Control Legend: 0 Primary Category m Secondary Category 0 Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 0 0 0 0 0 Potential Alternatives None CAUFORMA STORMWAriK November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 4 Material Use WM-2 Limitations Safer alternative building and construction products may not be available or suitable in every instance. Implementation The following steps should be taken to minimize risk: • Minimize use of hazardous materials onsite. • Follow manufacturer instructions regarding uses, protective equipment, ventilation, flammability, and mixing of chemicals. • Train personnel who use pesticides. The California Department of Pesticide Regulation and county agricultural commissioners license pesticide dealers, certify pesticide applicators, and conduct onsite inspections. • The preferred method of termiticide application is soil injection near the existing or proposed structure foundation/slab; however, if not feasible, soil drench application of termiticides should follow EPA label guidelines and the following recommendations (most of which are applicable to most pesticide applications): • Do not treat soil that is water-saturated or frozen. • Application shall not commence within 24-hours of a predicted precipitation event vvith a 40% or greater probability. Weather tracking must be performed on a daily basis prior to termiticide application and during the period of termiticide application. • Do not allow treatment chemicals to runoff from the target area. Apply proper quantity to prevent excess runoff. Provide containment for and divert stormwater from application areas using berms or diversion ditches during application. • Dry season: Do not apply within 10 feet of storm drains. Do not apply within 25 feet of aquatic habitats (such as, but not Hmited to, lakes; reservoirs; rivers; permanent streams; marshes or ponds; estuaries; and commercial fish farm ponds). • Wet season: Do not apply within 50 feet of storm drains or aquatic habitats (such as, but not limited to, lakes; reservoirs; rivers; permanent streams; marshes or ponds; estuaries; and commercial fish farm ponds) unless a vegetative buffer is present (if so, refer to dry season requirements). • Do not make on-grade applications when sustained wind speeds are above 10 mph (at application site) at nozzle end height. • Cover treatment site prior to a rain event in order to prevent run-off of the pesticide into non-target areas. The treated area should be limited to a size that can be backfilled and/or covered by the end of the work shift. Backfilling or covering of the treated area shall be done by the end of the same work shift in which the application is made. • The applicator must either cover the soil him/herself or provide written notification of the above requirement to the contractor on site and to the person commissioning the November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Material Use WM-2 application (if different than the contractor). If notice is provided to the contractor or the person commissioning the application, then they are responsible under the Federal Insecticide Fungicide, and Rodenticide Act (FIFRA) to ensure that: i) if the concrete slab cannot be poured over the treated soil within 24 hours of application, the treated soil is covered with a waterproof covering (such as polyethylene sheeting), and 2) the treated soil is covered if precipitation is predicted to occur before the concrete slab is scheduled to be poured. Do not over-apply fertilizers, herbicides, and pesticides. Prepare only the amount needed. Follow the recommended usage instructions. Over-application is expensive and environmentally harmful. Unless on steep slopes, till fertilizers into the soil rather than hydraulic application. Apply surface dressings in several smaller applications, as opposed to one large application, to allow time for infiltration and to avoid excess material being carried offsite by runoff. Do not apply these chemicals before predicted rainfall. Train employees and subcontractors in proper material use. Supply Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for all materials. Dispose of latex paint and paint cans, used brushes, rags, absorbent materials, and drop cloths, when thoroughly dry and are no longer hazardous, with other construction debris. Do not remove the original product label; it contains important safety' and disposal information. Use the entire product before disposing of the container. Mix paint indoors or in a containment area. Never clean paintbrushes or rinse paint containers into a street, gutter, storm drain, or watercourse. Dispose of any paint thinners, residue, and sludge(s) that cannot be recycled, as hazardous waste. For water-based paint, clean brushes to the extent practicable, and rinse to a drain leading to a sanitary sewer where permitted, or contain for proper disposal off site. For oil-based paints, clean brushes to the extent practicable, and filter and reuse thinners and solvents. Use recycled and less hazardous products when practical. Recycle residual paints, solvents, non-treated lumber, and other materials. Use materials only where and when needed to complete the construction activity. Use safer alternative materials as much as possible. Reduce or eliminate use of hazardous materials onsite when practical. Document the location, time, chemicals appHed, and applicator's name and qualifications. Keep an ample supply of spill clean up material near use areas. Train employees in spill clean up procedures. Avoid exposing applied materials to rainfall and runoff unless sufficient time has been allowed for them to dry. Discontinue use of erodible landscape material within 2 days prior to a forecasted rain event and materials should be covered and/or bermed. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Material Use WM-2 • Provide containment for material use areas such as masons' areas or paint mixing/preparation areas to prevent materials/pollutants from entering stormwater. Costs All of the above are low cost measures. Inspection and Maintenance • Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. m BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project ty-pe and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. • Ensure employees and subcontractors throughout the job are using appropriate practices. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995- Coastal Nonpoint Pollution Control Program: Program Development and Approval Guidance, Working Group Working Paper; USEPA, April 1992. Comments on Risk Assessments Risk Reduction Options for Cypermethrin: Docket No. OPP- 2005-0293; California Stormwater Quality Association (CASQA) letter to USEPA, 20o6.Environmental Hazard and General Labeling for Pyrethroid Non-Agricultural Outdoor Products, EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0331-0021; USEPA, 2008. Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of CaHfornia Department of Transportation (Cahrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org stockpile Management WM-3 Description and Purpose Stockpile management procedures and practices are designed to reduce or eliminate air and stormwater pollution from stockpiles of soil, soil amendments, sand, paving materials such as Portland cement concrete (PCC) rubble, asphalt concrete (AC), asphalt concrete rubble, aggregate base, aggregate sub base or pre-mixed aggregate, asphalt minder (so called "cold mix" asphalt), and pressure treated wood. Suitable Applications Implement in all projects that stockpile soil and other loose materials. Limitations • Plastic sheeting as a stockpile protection is temporary and hard to manage in windy conditions. Where plastic is used, consider use of plastic tarps with nylon reinforcement which may be more durable than standard sheeting, • Plastic sheeting can increase runoff volume due to lack of infiltration and potentially cause perimeter control failure. • Plastic sheeting breaks down faster in sunlight. • The use of Plastic materials and photodegradable plastics should be avoided. Implementation Protection of stockpiles is a year-round requirement. To properly manage stockpiles: Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control m TC Tracking Control WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater m NS Management Control m WM Waste Management and 0 WM Materials Pollution Control 0 Legend: 0 Primary Category m Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bactena Oil and Grease Organics 0 0 0 0 0 0 Potential Alternatives None CAUFORMA STORHlVArtR November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 3 stockpile Management WM-3 • On larger sites, a minimum of 50 ft separation from concentrated flows of stormwater, drainage courses, and inlets is recommended. • All stockpiles are required to be protected immediately if they are not scheduled to be used within 14 days. • Protect all stockpiles from stormwater runon using temporary perimeter sediment barriers such as compost berms (SE-13), temporary silt dikes (SE-12), fiber rolls (SE-5), silt fences (SE-i), sandbags (SE-8), gravel bags (SE-6), or biofiher bags (SE-14). Refer to the individual fact sheet for each of these controls for installation information. • Implement wind erosion control practices as appropriate on all stockpiled material. For specific information, see WE-i, Wind Erosion Control. • Manage stockpiles of contaminated soil in accordance with WM-7, Contaminated Soil Management. • Place bagged materials on pallets and under cover. • Ensure that stockpile coverings are installed securely to protect from wind and rain. • Some plastic covers withstand weather and sunlight better than others. Select cover materials or methods based on anticipated duration of use. Protection qf iVon-Acfiue Stockpiles Non-active stockpiles ofthe identified materials should be protected further as follows: Soil stockpiles m Soil stockpiles should be covered or protected with soil stabilization measures and a temporary perimeter sediment barrier at all times. • Temporary vegetation should be considered for topsoil piles that will be stockpiled for extended periods. Stockpiles of Portland cement concrete rubble, asphalt concrete, asphalt concrete rubble, aggregate base, or aggregate sub base • Stockpiles should be covered and protected with a temporary perimeter sediment barrier at all times. Stockpiles of "cold mix" m Cold mix stockpiles should be placed on and covered with plastic sheeting or comparable material at all times and surrounded by a berm. Stockpiles of fly ash, stucco, hydrated lime • Stockpiles of materials that may raise the pH of runoff (i.e., basic materials) should be covered with plastic and surrounded by a berm. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org stockpile Management WM-3 Stockpiles/Storage of wood (Pressure treated with chromated copper arsenate or ammoniacal copper zinc arsenate m Treated wood should be covered with plastic sheeting or comparable material at all times and surrounded by a berm. Protection of Active Stockpiles Active stockpiles of the identified materials should be protected as follows: • All stockpiles should be covered and protected with a temporary linear sediment barrier prior to the onset of precipitation. • Stockpiles of "cold mix" and treated wood, and basic materials should be placed on and covered with plastic sheeting or comparable material and surrounded by a berm prior to the onset of precipitation. • The downstream perimeter of an active stockpile should be protected with a linear sediment barrier or berm and runoff should be diverted around or away from the stockpile on the upstream perimeter. Costs For cost information associated with stockpile protection refer to the individual erosion or sediment control BMP fact sheet considered for implementation (For example, refer to SE-i Silt Fence for installation of silt fence around the perimeter of a stockpile.) Inspection and Maintenance • Stockpiles must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. • It may be necessary to inspect stockpiles covered with plastic sheeting more frequently during certain conditions (for example, high winds or extreme heat). • Repair and/or replace perimeter controls and cov^ers as needed to keep them functioning properly. • Sediment shall be removed when it reaches one-third of the barrier height. References Stormwater Quality' Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Spill Prevention and Control WM-4 Description and Purpose Prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to drainage systems or watercourses from leaks and spills by reducing the chance for spills, stopping the source of spills, containing and cleaning up spills, properly disposing of spill materials, and training employees. This best management practice covers only spill prevention and control. However, WM-i, Materials Delivery and Storage, and WM-2, Material Use, also contain useful information, particularly on spill prevention. For information on wastes, see the waste management BMPs in this section. Suitable Applications This BMP is suitable for all construction projects. Spill control procedures are implemented anytime chemicals or hazardous substances are stored on the construction site, including the following materials: • Soil stabilizers/binders • Dust palliatives • Herbicides • Growth inhibitors • Fertilizers • Deicing/anti-icing chemicals Categories EC SE TC WE NS WM Erosion Control Sediment Control Tracking Control Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater Management Control Waste Manag^nent and Materials Pollution Controi Legend: 0 Primary Objective IS Secondary Objective 0 Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Gre^ Organics 0 0 0 0 0 0 Potential Alternatives None CAUFORMA SFORHMATER November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 6 Spill Prevention and Control WM-4 • Fuels • Lubricants • Other petroleum distillates Limitations • In some cases it may be necessary to use a private spill cleanup company. • This BMP applies to spills caused by the contractor and subcontractors. • Procedures and practices presented in this BMP are general. Contractor should identify appropriate practices for the specific materials used or stored onsite Implementation The following steps will help reduce the stormwater impacts of leaks and spills: Education • Be aware that different materials pollute in different amounts. Make sure that each employee knows what a "significant spill" is for each material they use, and what is the appropriate response for "significant" and "insignificant" spills. • Educate employees and subcontractors on potential dangers to humans and the environment from spills and leaks. • Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce appropriate disposal procedures (incorporate into regular safety meetings). • Establish a continuing education program to indoctrinate new employees. • Have contractor's superintendent or representative oversee and enforce proper spill prevention and control measures. General Measures m To the extent that the work can be accomplished safely, spills of oil, petroleum products, substances Hsted under 40 CFR parts 110,117, and 302, and sanitary and septic wastes should be contained and cleaned up immediately. • Store hazardous materials and wastes in covered containers and protect from vandalism. • Place a stockpile of spil! cleanup materials where it will be readily accessible. • Train employees in spill prevention and cleanup. • Designate responsible individuals to oversee and enforce control measures. • Spills should be covered and protected from stormwater runon during rainfall to the extent that it doesn't compromise clean up activities. • Do not bury or wash spills with water. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Spill Prevention and Control WM-4 • Store and dispose of used clean up materials, contaminated materials, and recovered spill material that is no longer suitable for the intended purpose in conformance with the provisions in applicable BMPs. • Do not allow water used for cleaning and decontamination to enter storm drains or watercourses. Collect and dispose of contaminated water in accordance with WTVl-io, Liquid Waste Management. • Contain water overflow or minor water spillage and do not allow it to discharge into drainage facilities or watercourses. • Place proper storage, cleanup, and spill reporting instructions for hazardous materials stored or used on the project site in an open, conspicuous, and accessible location. • Keep waste storage areas clean, well organized, and equipped with ample cleanup supplies as appropriate for the materials being stored. Perimeter controls, containment structures, covers, and liners should be repaired or replaced as needed to maintain proper function. Cleanup • Clean up leaks and spills immediately. • Use a rag for small spills on paved surfaces, a damp mop for general cleanup, and absorbent material for larger spills. If the spilled material is hazardous, then the used cleanup materials are also hazardous and must be sent to either a certified laundry (rags) or disposed of as hazardous waste. • Never hose down or bury dry material spills. Clean up as much of the material as possible and dispose of properly. See the waste management BMPs in this section for specific information. Minor Spills • Minor spills typically involve small quantities of oil, gasoline, paint, etc. which can be controlled by the first responder at the discovery of the spill. • Use absorbent materials on small spills rather than hosing down or burying the spill. • Absorbent materials should be promptly removed and disposed of properly. • Follow the practice below for a minor spill: - Contain the spread of the spill. Recover spilled materials. - Clean the contaminated area and properly dispose of contaminated materials. Semi-Sign\ficant Spills • Serai-significant spills still can be controlled by the first responder along with the aid of other personnel such as laborers and the foreman, etc. This response may require the cessation of all other activities. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Spill Prevention and Control WM-4 • Spills should be cleaned up immediately: - Contain spread of the spiH. - Notify the project foreman immediately. - If the spill occurs on paved or impermeable surfaces, clean up using "dry" methods (absorbent materials, cat litter and/or rags). Contain the spill by encircling with absorbent materials and do not let the spill spread widely. - If the spill occurs in dirt areas, immediately contain the spill by constructing an earthen dike. Dig up and properly dispose of contaminated soil. - If the spill occurs during rain, cover spill with tarps or other material to prevent contaminating runoff. Significant/Hazardous Spills m For significant or hazardous spills that cannot be controlled by personnel in the immediate vicinity, the following steps should be taken: - Notify the local emergency response by dialing 911. In addition to 911, the contractor will notify the proper county officials. It is the contractor's responsibility to have all emergency phone numbers at the construction site. - Notify the Governor's Office of Emergency Senices Warning Center, (916) 845-8911. - For spills of federal reportable quantities, in conformance with the requirements in 40 CFR parts 110,119, and 302, the contractor should notify the National Response Center at (800) 424-8802. - Notification should first be made by telephone and followed up with a wTitten report. - The services of a spills contractor or a Haz-Mat team should be obtained immediately. Construction personnel should not attempt to clean up until the appropriate and qualified staffs have arrived at the job site. - Other agencies which may need to be consulted include, but are not limited to, the Fire Department, the PubHc Works Department, the Coast Guard, the Highway Patrol, the City/County Police Department, Department of Toxic Substances, California Division of Oil and Gas, Cal/OSHA, etc. Reporting • Report significant spills to local agencies, such as the Fire Department; they can assist in cleanup. • Federal regulations require that any significant oil spill into a water body or onto an adjoining shoreline be reported to the National Response Center (NRC) at 800-424-8802 (24 hours). Use the following measures related to specific activities: November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Spill Prevention and Control WM-4 Vehicle and Equipment Maintenance • If maintenance must occur onsite, use a designated area and a secondary containment, located away from drainage courses, to prevent the runon of stormwater and the runoff of spills. • Regularly inspect onsite vehicles and equipment for leaks and repair immediately • Check incoming vehicles and equipment (including delivery trucks, and employee and subcontractor vehicles) for leaking oil and fluids. Do not allow leaking vehicles or equipment onsite. • Always use secondary containment, such as a drain pan or drop cloth, to catch spills or leaks when removing or changing fluids. • Place drip pans or absorbent materials under paving equipment when not in use. • Use absorbent materials on small spiUs rather than hosing down or burying the spill. Remove the absorbent materials promptly and dispose of properly. • Promptly transfer used fluids to the proper waste or recycling drums. Don't leave full drip pans or other open containers lying around • Oil filters disposed of in trashcans or dumpsters can leak oil and pollute stormwater. Place the oil filter in a funnel over a waste oil-recycling drum to drain excess oil before disposal. Oil filters can also be recycled. Ask the oil supplier or recycler about recycling oil filters. • Store cracked batteries in a non-leaking secondary container. Do this with all cracked batteries even if you think all the acid has drained out. If you drop a battery, treat it as if it is cracked. Put it into the containment area until you are sure it is not leaking. Vehicle and Equipment Fueling m If fueling must occur onsite, use designate areas, located away from drainage courses, to prevent the runon of stormwater and the runoff of spills. • Discourage "topping off' of fuel tanks. • Always use secondary containment, such as a drain pan, when fueling to catch spills/ leaks. Costs Prevention of leaks and spills is inexpensive. Treatment and/ or disposal of contaminated soil or water can be quite expensive. Inspection and Maintenance • Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect weekly during the rainy season and of two-week intervals in the non-rainy season to verify continued BMP implementation. • Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharge daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Spill Prevention and Control WM-4 • Keep ample supplies of spill control and cleanup materials onsite, near storage, unloading, and maintenance areas. • Update your spiH prevention and control plan and stock cleanup materials as changes occur in the types of chemicals onsite. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995- Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 6 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Solid Waste Management WM-5 Description and Purpose Solid waste management procedures and practices are designed to prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from solid or construction waste by providing designated waste collection areas and containers, arranging for regular disposal, and training employees and subcontractors. Suitable Applications This BMP is suitable for construction sites where the following wastes are generated or stored: • Solid waste generated from trees and shrubs removed during land clearing, demolition of existing structures (rubble), and building construction • Packaging materials including wood, paper, and plastic • Scrap or surplus building materials including scrap metals, rubber, plastic, glass pieces and masonry products • Domestic wastes including food containers such as beverage cans, coffee cups, paper bags, plastic wrappers, and cigarettes • Construction wastes including brick, mortar, timber, steel and metal scraps, pipe and electrical cuttings, non- hazardous equipment parts, styTofoam and other materials used to transport and package construction materials • Highway planting wastes, including vegetative material. Categories EC SE TC WE NS WM Erosion Control Sediment Control Tracking Control Wind Erosion Control Non-Stonmwater Management Control Waste Maiagement and Materials Pollutron Contd 0 Legend: 0 Primary Objective HI Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 0 0 0 0 0 Potential Alternatives None C AUrORMA SrORMHAl tR November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 4 Solid Waste Management WM-5 plant containers, and packaging materials Limitations Temporary stockpiling of certain construction wastes may not necessitate stringent drainage related controls during the non-rainy season or in desert areas with low rainfall. Implementation The following steps will help keep a clean site and reduce stormwater pollution: • Select designated waste collection areas onsite. • Inform trash-hauling contractors that you wiH accept only watertight dumpsters for onsite use. Inspect dumpsters for leaks and repair any dumpster that is not watertight. • Locate containers in a covered area or in a secondary containment. • Provide an adequate number of containers with lids or covers that can be placed over the container to keep rain out or to prevent loss of wastes when it is windy. • Plan for additional containers and more frequent pickup during the demolition phase of construction. • Collect site trash daily, especially during rainy and windy conditions. • Remove this solid waste promptly since erosion and sediment control devices tend to collect litter. • Make sure that toxic liquid wastes (used oils, solvents, and paints) and chemicals (acids, pesticides, additives, curing compounds) are not disposed of in dumpsters designated for construction debris. • Do not hose out dumpsters on the construction site. Leave dumpster cleaning to the trash hauling contractor. • Arrange for regular waste collection before containers overflow. • Clean up immediately if a container does spill. • Make sure that construction waste is collected, removed, and disposed of only at authorized disposal areas. Education • Have the contractor's superintendent or representative oversee and enforce proper solid waste management procedures and practices. • Instruct employees and subcontractors on identification of solid waste and hazardous waste. • Educate employees and subcontractors on solid waste storage and disposal procedures. • Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce disposal procedures (incorporate into regular safety meetings). November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Solid Waste Management WM-5 • Require that employees and subcontractors follow solid waste handling and storage procedures. • Prohibit littering by employees, subcontractors, and visitors. • Minimize production of solid waste materials wherever possible. Collection, Storage, and Disposal m Littering on the project site should be prohibited. • To prevent clogging of the storm drainage system, litter and debris removal from drainage grates, trash racks, and ditch lines should be a priority. • Trash receptacles should be provided in the contractor's yard, field trailer areas, and at locations where workers congregate for lunch and break periods. • Litter from work areas within the construction limits of the project site should be collected and placed in watertight dumpsters at least weekly, regardless of whether the litter was generated by the contractor, the public, or others. Collected litter and debris should not be placed in or next to drain inlets, stormwater drainage systems, or watercourses. • Dumpsters of sufficient size and number should be provided to contain the solid waste generated by the project. • Full dumpsters should be removed from the project site and the contents should be disposed of by the trash hauling contractor. • Construction debris and waste should be removed from the site biweekly or more frequently as needed. • Construction material visible to the public should be stored or stacked in an orderly manner. • Stormwater runon should be prevented from contacting stored solid waste through the use of berms, dikes, or other temporary diversion structures or through the use of measures to elevate waste from site surfaces. • Solid waste storage areas should be located at least 50 ft from drainage facilities and watercourses and should not be located in areas prone to flooding or ponding. • Except during fair weather, construction and highway planting waste not stored in watertight dumpsters should be securely covered from wind and rain by covering the waste with tarps or plastic. • Segregate potentially hazardous waste from non-hazardous construction site waste. • Make sure that toxic Hquid wastes (used oils, solvents, and paints) and chemicals (acids, pesticides, additives, curing compounds) are not disposed of in dumpsters designated for construction debris. • For disposal of hazardous waste, see WM-6, Hazardous Waste Management. Have hazardous waste hauled to an appropriate disposal and/or recycling facility. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Solid Waste Management WM-5 • Salvage or recycle useful vegetation debris, packaging and surplus building materials when practical. For example, trees and shrubs from land clearing can be used as a brush barrier, or converted into wood chips, then used as mulch on graded areas. Wood pallets, cardboard boxes, and construction scraps can also be recycled. Costs All of the above are low cost measures. Inspection and Maintenance • Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect weekly during the rainy season and of two-week inten'als in the non-rainy season to verify continued BMP implementation. • Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharge daily while non-stormwater discharges occur • Inspect construction waste area regularly. • Arrange for regular waste collection. References Processes, Procedures and Methods to Control Pollution Resulting from All Construction Activity, 430/9-73-007, USEPA, 1973- Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Hazardous Waste Management WM-6 Description and Purpose Prevent or reduce the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from hazardous waste through proper material use, waste disposal, and training of employees and subcontractors. Suitable Applications This best management practice (BMP) applies to all construction projects. Hazardous waste management practices are implemented on construction projects that generate waste from the use of: - Petroleum Products - Concrete Curing Compounds - Palliatives - Septic Wastes - Stains - Wood Presen'atives - Asphalt Products - Pesticides - Acids - Paints - Solvents - Roofing Tar Any materials deemed a hazardous waste in California, Titie 22 Division 4.5, or listed in 40 CFR Parts 110,117, 261, or 302 Categories EC SE TC WE NS WM Erosion Control Sediment Control Tracking Control Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater Management Control Waste Management and Materials Pollutron Control 0 Legend: 0 Primary Objective M Secondary Objective Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 0 0 0 0 0 Potential Alternatives None IALIFURMA S FORMWAI tK November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 6 Hazardous Waste Management WM-6 In addition, sites with existing structures may contain wastes, which must be disposed of in accordance with federal, state, and local regulations. These wastes include: • Sandblasting grit mixed with lead-, cadmium-, or chromium-based paints • Asbestos • PCBs (particularly in older transformers) Limitations • Hazardous waste that cannot be reused or recycled must be disposed of by a licensed hazardous waste hauler. • Nothing in this BMP relieves the contractor from responsibility for compHance with federal, state, and local laws regarding storage, handling, transportation, and disposal of hazardous wastes. • This BMP does not cover aerially deposited lead (ADL) soils. For ADL soils refer to WM-7, Contaminated Soil Management. Implementation The following steps will help reduce stormwater pollution from hazardous wastes: Material Use • Wastes should be stored in sealed containers constructed of a suitable material and should be labeled as required by Title 22 CCR, Division 4.5 and 49 CFR Parts 172,173,178, and 179. • All hazardous waste should be stored, transported, and disposed as required in Title 22 CCR, Division 4.5 and 49 CFR 261-263. • Waste containers should be stored in temporary containment facilities that should comply with the following requirements: - Temporary containment facility should provide for a spill containment volume equal to 1.5 times the volume of all containers able to contain precipitation from a 25 year storm event, plus the greater of 10% of the aggregate volume of all containers or 100% of the capacity' of the largest tank within its boundary, whichever is greater. - Temporary containment facility should be impervious to the materials stored there for a minimum contact time of 72 hours. Temporary containment facilities should be maintained free of accumulated rainwater and spills. In the event of spills or leaks, accumulated rainwater and spills should be placed into drums after each rainfall. These Hquids should be handled as a hazardous waste unless testing determines them to be non-hazardous. Non-hazardous liquids should be sent to an approved disposal site. Sufficient separation should be provided between stored containers to allow for spill cleanup and emergency response access. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 6 Construction www,casqa,org Hazardous Waste Management WM-6 - Incompatible materials, such as chlorine and ammonia, should not be stored in the same temporary containment facility. - Throughout the rainy season, temporary containment facilities should be covered during non-working days, and prior to rain events. Covered facilities may include use of plastic tarps for small facilities or constructed roofs with overhangs. • Drums should not be overfilled and wastes should not be mixed. • Unless watertight, containers of dry waste should be stored on pallets. • Do not over-apply herbicides and pesticides. Prepare only the amount needed. Follow the recommended usage instructions. Over application is expensive and environmentally harmful. Apply surface dressings in several smaller applications, as opposed to one large application. Allow time for infiltration and avoid excess material being carried offsite by runoff. Do not apply these chemicals just before it rains. People applying pesticides must be certified in accordance with federal and state regulations, • Paint brushes and equipment for water and oil based paints should be cleaned within a contained area and should not be allowed to contaminate site soils, watercourses, or drainage systems. Waste paints, thinners, solvents, residues, and sludges that cannot be recycled or reused should be disposed of as hazardous waste. When thoroughly dry, latex paint and paint cans, used brushes, rags, absorbent materials, and drop cloths should be disposed of as solid waste. • Do not clean out brushes or rinse paint containers into the dirt, street, gutter, storm drain, or stream. "Paint out" brushes as much as possible. Rinse water-based paints to the sanitary sewer. Filter and reuse thinners and solvents. Dispose of excess oil-based paints and sludge as hazardous waste. • The following actions should be taken with respect to temporary contaminant: - Ensure that adequate hazardous waste storage volume is available. - Ensure that hazardous waste collection containers are conveniently located. Designate hazardous waste storage areas onsite away from storm drains or watercourses and away from moving vehicles and equipment to prevent accidental spills. Minimize production or generation of hazardous materials and hazardous waste on the job site. Use containment berms in fueling and maintenance areas and where the potential for spills is high. Segregate potentially hazardous waste from non-hazardous construction site debris. - Keep liquid or semi-liquid hazardous waste in appropriate containers (closed drums or similar) and under cover. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Hazardous Waste Management WM-6 Clearly label all hazardous waste containers with the waste being stored and the date of accumulation. Place hazardous waste containers in secondary containment. Do not allow potentially hazardous waste materials to accumulate on the ground. Do not mix wastes. Use all of the product before disposing of the container. - Do not remove the original product label; it contains important safety and disposal information. Waste Recycling Disposal • Select designated hazardous waste collection areas onsite. • Hazardous materials and wastes should be stored in covered containers and protected from vandalism. • Place hazardous waste containers in secondary containment. • Do not mix wastes, this can cause chemical reactions, making recycling impossible and complicating disposal. • Recycle any useful materials such as used oil or water-based paint. • Make sure that toxic liquid wastes (used oils, solvents, and paints) and chemicals (acids, pesticides, additives, curing compounds) are not disposed of in dumpsters designated for construction debris. • Arrange for regular waste collection before containers overflow. • Make sure that hazardous waste (e.g., excess oil-based paint and sludge) is collected, removed, and disposed of only at authorized disposal areas. Disposal Procedures m Waste should be disposed of by a licensed hazardous waste transporter at an authorized and licensed disposal facility or recycling facility utilizing properly completed Uniform Hazardous Waste Manifest forms. • A Department of Health Senices certified laboratory should sample waste to determine the appropriate disposal facility. • Properly dispose of rainwater in secondary containment that may have mixed with hazardous waste. • Attention is directed to "Hazardous Material", "Contaminated Material", and "Aerially Deposited Lead" of the contract documents regarding the handling and disposal of hazardous materials. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Hazardous Waste Management WM-6 Education • Educate employees and subcontractors on hazardous waste storage and disposal procedures. • Educate employees and subcontractors on potential dangers to humans and the environment from hazardous wastes. • Instruct employees and subcontractors on safety procedures for common construction site hazardous wastes. • Instruct employees and subcontractors in identification of hazardous and solid waste. • Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce hazardous waste management procedures (incorporate into regular safety meetings). • The contractor's superintendent or representative should oversee and enforce proper hazardous waste management procedures and practices. • Make sure that hazardous waste is collected, removed, and disposed of only at authorized disposal areas. • Warning signs should be placed in areas recently treated with chemicals. • Place a stockpile of spill cleanup materials where it will be readily accessible. • If a container does spill, clean up immediately. Costs All of the above are low cost measures. Inspection and Maintenance m Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect weekly during the rainy season and of two week intervals in the non-rainy season to verify continued BMP implementation. • Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharge daily while non-stormwater discharges occur • Hazardous waste should be regularly collected. • A foreman or construction supenisor should monitor onsite hazardous waste storage and disposal procedures. • Waste storage areas should be kept clean, well organized, and equipped with ample cleanup supplies as appropriate for the materials being stored. • Perimeter controls, containment structures, covers, and liners should be repaired or replaced as needed to maintain proper function. • Hazardous spills should be cleaned up and reported in conformance with the applicable Material Safety Data Sheet (MSDS) and the instructions posted at the project site. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Hazardous Waste Management WM-6 • The National Response Center, at (800) 424-8802, should be notified of spills of federal reportable quantities in conformance with the requirements in 40 CFR parts 110,117, and 302. Also notify the Governors Office of Emergency Services Warning Center at (916) 845- 8911. • A copy of the hazardous waste manifests should be provided. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stormwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source PoUution Control Program, 1995- Processes, Procedures and Methods to Control Pollution Resuhing from All Construction Activity, 430/9-73-007, USEPA, 1973- Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992- November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 6 of 6 Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Waste Management WM-8 CONCRETE WASHOUT AREA Description and Purpose Prevent the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from concrete waste by conducting washout onsite or offsite in a designated area, and by employee and subcontractor training. The General Permit incorporates Numeric Effluent Limits (NEL) and Numeric Action Levels (NAL) for pH (see Section 2 of this handbook to determine your project's risk level and if you are subject to these requirements). Many types of construction materials, including mortar, concrete, stucco, cement and block and their associated wastes have basic chemical properties that can raise pH levels outside of the permitted range. Additional care should be taken when managing these materials to prevent them from coming into contact with stormwater flows and raising pH to levels outside the accepted range. Suitable Applications Concrete waste management procedures and practices are implemented on construction projects where: • Concrete is used as a construction material or where concrete dust and debris result from demolition activities. • Slurries containing portland cement concrete (PCC) are generated, such as from saw cutting, coring, grinding, grooving, and hydro-concrete demoHtion. Categories EC Erosion Control SE Sediment Control TC Tracking Contral WE Wind Erosion Control NS Non-Stormwater Management Control H WM Waste Management and Materials Pollutron Control 0 Legend: 0 Primary Category H! Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 0 Potential Alternatives None CAUFORMA SiTORMWATrK November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 7 Concrete Waste Management WM-8 • Concrete trucks and other concrete-coated equipment are washed onsite. • Mortar-mixing stations exist. • Stucco mixing and spraying . • See also NS-8, Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning. Limitations • Offsite washout of concrete wastes may not always be possible. • Multiple washouts may be needed to assure adequate capacity and to allow for evaporation. Implementation The following steps will help reduce stormwater poUution from concrete wastes: • Incorporate requirements for concrete waste management into material supplier and subcontractor agreements. • Store dry and wet materials under cover, away from drainage areas. Refer to WM-i, Material Delivery and Storage for more information. • Avoid mixing excess amounts of concrete. • Perform washout of concrete trucks in designated areas only, where washout will not reach stormwater. • Do not wash out concrete trucks into storm drains, open ditches, streets, streams or onto the ground. Trucks should always be washed out into designated facilities. • Do not allow excess concrete to be dumped onsite, except in designated areas. • For onsite washout: - On larger sites, it is recommended to locate washout areas at least 50 feet from storm drains, open ditches, or water bodies. Do not allow runoff from this area by constructing a temporary pit or bermed area large enough for liquid and solid waste. - Washout wastes into the temporary washout where the concrete can set, be broken up, and then disposed properly. - Washout should be lined so there is no discharge into the underlying soil. • Do not wash sweepings from exposed aggregate concrete into the street or storm drain. Collect and return sweepings to aggregate base stockpile or dispose in the trash. • See typical concrete washout installation details at the end of this fact sheet. Education • Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers on the concrete waste management techniques described herein. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 7 Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Waste Management WM-8 • Arrange for contractor's superintendent or representative to oversee and enforce concrete waste management procedures. • Discuss the concrete management techniques described in this BMP (such as handling of concrete waste and washout) with the ready-mix concrete supplier before any deliveries are made. Concrete Demolition Wastes • Stockpile concrete demolition waste in accordance with BMP WM-3, Stockpile Management. • Dispose of or recycle hardened concrete waste in accordance with applicable federal, state or local regulations. Concrete Slurry Wastes • PCC and AC waste should not be allowed to enter storm drains or watercourses. • PCC and AC waste should be collected and disposed of or placed in a temporary concrete washout facility (as described in Onsite Temporary Concrete Washout Facility-, Concrete Transit Truck Washout Procedures, below). • A foreman or construction supenisor should monitor onsite concrete working tasks, such as saw cutting, coring, grinding and grooving to ensure proper methods are implemented. • Saw-cut concrete slurry should not be allowed to enter storm drains or watercourses. Residue from grinding operations should be picked up by means of a vacuum attachment to the grinding machine or by sweeping. Saw cutting residue should not be aUowed to flow across the pavement and should not be left on the surface of the pavement. See also NS-3, Paving and Grinding Operations; and WM-10, Liquid Waste Management. • Concrete slurry residue should be disposed in a temporary washout facility (as described in Onsite Temporary Concrete Washout Facility, Concrete Transit Truck Washout Procedures, below) and allowed to dry. Dispose of dry slurry- residue in accordance with WM-5, Solid Waste Management. Onsite Temporary Concrete Washout Facility, Transit Truck Washout Procedures m Temporary concrete washout facilities should be located a minimum of 50 ft from storm drain inlets, open drainage facilities, and watercourses. Each facility should be located away from construction traffic or access areas to prevent disturbance or tracking. • A sign should be installed adjacent to each washout facility to inform concrete equipment operators to utilize the proper facilities, • Temporary concrete washout facilities should be constructed abovfe grade or below grade at the option of the contractor. Temporary concrete washout facilities should be constructed and maintained in sufficient quantity and size to contain all liquid and concrete waste generated by washout operations. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 7 Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Waste Management WM-8 • Temporary washout facilities should have a temporary pit or bermed areas of sufficient volume to completely contain all liquid and waste concrete materials generated during washout procedures. • Temporary washout facilities should be lined to prevent discharge to the underlying ground or surrounding area. • Washout of concrete trucks should be performed in designated areas only. • Only concrete from mixer truck chutes should be washed into concrete wash out. • Concrete washout from concrete pumper bins can be washed into concrete pumper trucks and discharged into designated washout area or properly disposed of or recycled offsite. • Once concrete wastes are washed into the designated area and allowed to harden, the concrete should be broken up, removed, and disposed of per WM-5, Solid Waste Management. Dispose of or recycle hardened concrete on a regular basis. • Temporary Concrete Washout Facility (Type Above Grade) - Temporary concrete washout facility (type above grade) should be constructed as shown on the detaUs at the end of this BMP, with a recommended minimum length and minimum width of 10 ft; however, smaUer sites or jobs may only need a smaller washout facility. With any washout, always maintain a sufficient quantity and volume to contain all liquid and concrete waste generated by washout operations. - Materials used to construct the washout area should conform to the provisions detailed in their respective BMPs (e.g., SE-8 Sandbag Barrier). - Plastic Hning material should be a minimum of 10 mil in polyethylene sheeting and should be free of holes, tears, or other defects that compromise the impermeability ofthe material. - Altematively, portable removable containers can be used as above grade concrete washouts. Also called a "roll-off'; this concrete washout facility should be properly sealed to prevent leakage, and should be removed from the site and replaced when the container reaches 75% capacity. • Temporary Concrete Washout Facility (Type Below Grade) - Temporary- concrete washout facilities (ty-pe below grade) should be constructed as shown on the details at the end of this BMP, with a recommended minimum length and minimum width of 10 ft. The quantity and volume should be sufficient to contain all liquid and concrete waste generated by washout operations. - Lath and flagging should be commercial type. - Plastic lining material should be a minimum of 10 mil polyethylene sheeting and should be free of holes, tears, or other defects that compromise the impermeability of the material. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 7 Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Waste Management WM-8 - The base of a washout facility should be free of rock or debris that may damage a plastic liner. Removal ofTemporary Concrete Washout Facilities • When temporary concrete washout facilities are no longer required for the work, the hardened concrete should be removed and properly disposed or recycled in accordance with federal, state or local regulations. Materials used to construct temporary concrete washout facilities should be removed from the site of the work and properly disposed or recycled in accordance with federal, state or local regulations.. • Holes, depressions or other ground disturbance caused by the removal of the temporary concrete washout facilities should be backfilled and repaired. Costs All of the above are low cost measures. Roll-off concrete washout facilities can be more costly than other measures due to removal and replacement; however, provide a cleaner alternative to traditional washouts. The type of washout facility, size, and availability of materials will determine the cost of the washout. Inspection and Maintenance • BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. • Temporary concrete washout faciHties should be maintained to provide adequate holding capacity with a minimum freeboard of 4 in. for above grade facilities and 12 in. for below grade facilities. Maintaining temporary concrete washout faciHties should include removing and disposing of hardened concrete and returning the facilities to a functional condition. Hardened concrete materials should be removed and properly disposed or recycled in accordance with federal, state or local regulations. • Washout facilities must be cleaned, or new facilities must be constructed and ready for use once the washout is 75% full. • Inspect washout facilities for damage (e.g. torn liner, evidence of leaks, signage, etc.). Repair al! identified damage. References Blueprint for a Clean Bay: Best Management Practices to Prevent Stonnwater Pollution from Construction Related Activities; Santa Clara Valley Nonpoint Source Pollution Control Program, 1995- Stormwater Quality- Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000, Updated March 2003. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 5 of 7 Construction www.casqa.org Concrete Waste Management WM-8 LAGGING ON ALL S:DtiS •"1 3ERV—\i U IC MIL PL.A5T!C L.iNiNG- MiN -"NT i i u n H / PLAN NOT TO SCALE TYPE "BELOW GPADE" -SANDBAG • iANDBAC 10 MIL ^LAS^'C LiNiNG- BERV SLC'IQN A-A NOT "0 SCALE 10 Miu -=LAST.C LINING TWO-STACKED- 2 X 12 ROUGH WOOD FRAME MiN K STAKE (TYP) -10 M PLASTiC LINING PLAN NOT TO SCALE TYPE "ABOVE GRADE" WOOD PRAME SECURELY FASTENED AROUND ENTIRE PERIMETER V'/ITH TWO STAKES SECTiQN B-S NOT TO "SCALE ACTUAL LAYOUT DE'ERM^NED IN PIELD. 2. THE CONCRETE WAShOJT S'GN SHALL 3E INS^'ALLED W THiN 30 F', OF THE TEMPORARY CONCRETE WASHOUT "ACi.i'^ November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 6 of 7 Concrete Waste Management WM-8 10' MiN i I • I 10 Mil PlASTiC LINING PLAN STAKE (Tvp) 1/8" DiA. STEE. W;RE 41 STAPLE DETAI. NOT TO SCAuE fvpE "ABOVE GRADE" WITH STRAW BALES -STRAW BA-.E 1 \ ! i CONCRETE]. I 1 WASHOU' PLYWOOD ^8" X 2'i" -PAIN'ED WH TP •BLACK LE'TERS 6" HEIGHT >r SCREWS 3'. WOOO P0S1 3" X 3" X e' :ONCRETE WASHOUT SIGN DE'AL. (OR EOU'VALENT) STAPLES- (2 »ER BALE) r-'O MIL / PLASTIC LINING NATIVE MATERIAL (OPT:ONAL) WOOD OR- METAL STAKES (2 PER BALE) SECTiON B-B NOT TO SCALE BINDING WIRE •STRAW SALE NOTES 1, ACTUAL LAYOU'^ DETERMINED IN FIELD 2. THE CONCRETE WASHOU" SiGN SHALL BE INSTALLED WITHIN 30 PT OF THE 'EMPORARY CONCRETE WASHOUT FACILiTv November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 7 of 7 Sanitary/Septic Waste Management WM-9 Description and Purpose Proper sanitary and septic waste management prevent the discharge of pollutants to stormwater from sanitary and septic waste by providing convenient, weU-maintained facilities, and arranging for regular service and disposal. Suitable Applications Sanitary septic waste management practices are suitable for use at all construction sites that use temporary or portable sanitary and septic waste systems. Limitations None identified. Implementation Sanitary or septic wastes should be treated or disposed of in accordance with state and local requirements. In many cases, one contract with a local facility supplier will be all that it takes to make sure sanitary wastes are properly disposed. Storage and Disposal Procedures m Temporary sanitary facilities should be located away from drainage facilities, watercourses, and from traffic circulation. If site conditions allow, place portable facilities a minimum of 50 feet from drainage conveyances and traffic areas. When subjected to high winds or risk of high winds, temporary sanitary facilities should be secured to prevent overturning. Categories EC SE TC WE NS WM Erosion Control Sediment Control Tracking Control Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater Management Control Waste Management and Materia Pollulion Control 0 Legend: 0 Primary Category IS Secondary Category Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 0 0 0 Potential Alternatives None CALIFORNIA STORMWAriK November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www,casqa,org 1 of 3 Sanitary/Septic Waste Management WM-9 • Temporary sanitary facilities must be equipped with containment to prevent discharge of pollutants to the stormwater drainage system of the receiving water. • Consider safety as well as environmental implications before placing temporary sanitary faciHties. • Wastewater should not be discharged or buried within the project site. • Sanitary and septic systems that discharge directly into sanitary sewer systems, where permissible, should comply with the local health agency, city, county, and sewer district requirements. • Only reputable, licensed sanitary and septic waste haulers should be used. • Sanitary facilities should be located in a convenient location. • Temporary septic systems should treat wastes to appropriate levels before discharging. • If using an onsite disposal system (OSDS), such as a septic system, local health agency requirements must be followed. • Temporary sanitary facilities that discharge to the sanitary sewer system should be properly connected to avoid illicit discharges. • Sanitary and septic facUities should be maintained in good working order by a licensed senice. • Regular waste coUection by a licensed hauler should be arranged before facilities overflow. • If a spill does occur from a temporary sanitary facUity, follow federal, state and local regulations for containment and clean-up. Education • Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers on sanitary and septic waste storage and disposal procedures. • Educate employees, subcontractors, and suppliers of potential dangers to humans and the environment from sanitary and septic wastes. • Instruct employees, subcontractors, and suppliers in identification of sanitary and septic waste. • Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce the use of sanitary facilities (incorporate into regular safety meetings). • Establish a continuing education program to indoctrinate new employees. Costs All of the above are low cost measures. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Sanitary/Septic Waste Management WM-9 Inspection and Maintenance • BMPs must be inspected in accordance with General Permit requirements for the associated project type and risk level. It is recommended that at a minimum, BMPs be inspected weekly, prior to forecasted rain events, daily during extended rain events, and after the conclusion of rain events. • Arrange for regular waste collection. • If high winds are expected, portable sanitary facilities must be secured with spikes or weighed down to prevent over turning. • If spills or leaks from sanitary or septic facilities occur that are not contained and discharge from the site, non-visible sampling of site discharge may be required. Refer to the General Permit or to your project specific Construction Site Monitoring Plan to determine if and where sampling is required. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), March 2003. Stormwater Management for Construction Activities; Developing Pollution Prevention Plans and Best Management Practice, EPA 832-R-92005; USEPA, April 1992. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 3 Construction www.casqa.org Liquid Waste Management WM-10 ^^^^^ • Description and Purpose Liquid waste management includes procedures and practices to prevent discharge of pollutants to the storm drain system or to watercourses as a result of the creation, collection, and disposal of non-hazardous liquid wastes. Suitable Applications Liquid waste management is applicable to construction projects that generate any of the following non-hazardous by-products, residuals, or wastes: • DriUing slurries and drilling fluids • Grease-free and oil-free wastewater and rinse water • Dredgings • Other non-stormwater liquid discharges not permitted by separate permits Limitations • Disposal of some liquid wastes may be subject to specific laws and regulations or to requirements of other permits secured for the construction project (e.g., NPDES permits, Army Corps permits. Coastal Commission permits, etc.). • Liquid waste management does not apply to dewatering operations (NS-2 Dewatering Operations), solid waste management (WM-5, Solid Waste Management), hazardous wastes (WM-6, Hazardous Waste Management), or concrete slurry residue (WM-8, Concrete Waste Categories EC SE TC WE NS WM Erosion Control Sediment Control Tracking Control Wind Erosion Control Non-Stormwater Management Control Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Legend: 0 Primary Objective @ Secondary Objective 0 Targeted Constituents Sediment Nutrients Trash Metals Bacteria Oil and Grease Organics 0 0 0 0 0 Potential Alternatives None t AIIMJH.MA'.UJKMrtAIlK November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook Construction www.casqa.org 1 of 4 Liquid Waste Management WM-10 Management). • Typical permitted non-stormwater discharges can include: water line flushing; landscape irrigation; diverted stream flows; rising ground waters; uncontaminated pumped ground water; discharges from potable water sources; foundation drains; irrigation water; springs; water from crawl space pumps; footing drains; lawn watering; flows from riparian habitats and wetlands; and discharges or flows from emergency fire fighting activities. Implementation General Practices m Instruct employees and subcontractors how to safely differentiate between non-hazardous liquid waste and potential or known hazardous liquid waste. • Instruct employees, subcontractors, and suppliers that it is unacceptable for any liquid waste to enter any storm drainage device, watenvay, or receiving water. • Educate employees and subcontractors on liquid waste generating activities and liquid waste storage and disposal procedures. • Hold regular meetings to discuss and reinforce disposal procedures (incorporate into regular safety meetings). • Verify which non-stormwater discharges are permitted by the statewide NPDES permit; different regions might have different requirements not outlined in this permit. • Apply NS-8, Vehicle and Equipment Cleaning for managing wash water and rinse water from vehicle and equipment cleaning operations. Containing Liquid Wastes • Drilling residue and drilling fluids should not be allowed to enter storm drains and watercourses and should be disposed of. • If an appropriate location is available, drilling residue and drilling fluids that are exempt under Title 23, CCR § 2511(g) may be dried by infiltration and evaporation in a containment facility constructed in conformance with the provisions concerning the Temporary Concrete Washout Facilities detailed in WM-8, Concrete Waste Management. • Liquid wastes generated as part of an operational procedure, such as water-laden dredged material and drilling mud, should be contained and not aUowed to flow into drainage channels or receiving waters prior to treatment. • Liquid wastes should be contained in a controUed area such as a holding pit, sediment basin, roll-off bin, or portable tank. • Containment devices must be structurally sound and leak free. • Containment devices must be of sufficient quantity or volume to completely contain the liquid wastes generated. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 2 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Liquid Waste Management WM-10 • Precautions should be taken to avoid spills or accidental releases of contained liquid wastes. Apply the education measures and spill response procedures outlined in WM-4, Spill Prevention and Control. • Containment areas or devices should not be located where accidental release of the contained liquid can threaten health or safety or discharge to water bodies, channels, or storm drains. Capturing Liquid Wastes • Capture all liquid wastes that have the potential to affect the storm drainage system (such as wash water and rinse vvater from cleaning walls or pavement), before they run off a surface. • Do not allow liquid wastes to flow or discharge uncontrolled. Use temporary dikes or berms to intercept flows and direct them to a containment area or device for capture. • Use a sediment trap (SE-3, Sediment Trap) for capturing and treating sediment laden liquid waste or capture in a containment device and allow sediment to settle. Disposing of Liquid Wastes • A typical method to handle liquid waste is to dewater the contained liquid waste, using procedures such as described in NS-2, Dewatering Operations, and SE-2, Sediment Basin, and dispose of resulting solids per WTVI-5, Solid Waste Management. • Methods of disposal for some Hquid wastes may be prescribed in Water QuaHty Reports, NPDES permits, Environmental Impact Reports, 401 or 404 permits, and local agency discharge permits, etc. Review the SWPPP to see if disposal methods are identified. • Liquid wastes, such as from dredged material, may require testing and certification whether it is hazardous or not before a disposal method can be determined. • For disposal of hazardous waste, see WM-6, Hazardous Waste Management. • If necessary, further treat liquid wastes prior to disposal. Treatment may include, though is not limited to, sedimentation, filtration, and chemical neutralization. Costs Prevention costs for Hquid waste management are minimal. Costs increase if cleanup or fines are involved. Inspection and Maintenance • Inspect and verify that activity-based BMPs are in place prior to the commencement of associated activities. While activities associated with the BMP are under way, inspect weekly during the rainy season and of two-week intervals in the non-rainy season to verify continued BMP implementation. • Inspect BMPs subject to non-stormwater discharge daily while non-stormwater discharges occur. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 3 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org Liquid Waste Management WM-10 • Remove deposited solids in containment areas and capturing devices as needed and at the completion of the task. Dispose of any solids as described in WM-5, Solid Waste Management. • Inspect containment areas and capturing devices and repair as needed. References Stormwater Quality Handbooks - Construction Site Best Management Practices (BMPs) Manual, State of California Department of Transportation (Caltrans), November 2000. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook 4 of 4 Construction www.casqa.org APPENDIX J TRAINING DOCUMENTATION FORMS & SAMPLE MEMORANDUM TO EMPLOYEES TRAINING FORMS & LOGS Storm Water Management Topic: (check as appropriate) • Temporary Soil Stabilization • Temporary Sediment Control • Wind Erosion Control • Non-storm water management • Storm Water Sampling Specific Training Objective: Location: Instructor: • Tracking Control • Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control Date: Telephone: Course Length (fiours): Attendee Roster (attacfi additional forms if necessary) Name Company Phone COMMENTS: storm Water Management Topic: (check as appropriate) • Temporary Soil Stabilization • Temporary Sediment Control • Wind Erosion Control • Tracking Control • Non-Storm v\/ater management • Waste Management and Materials Pollution Control • Storm Water Sampling Specific Training Objective: Location: Instructor: Date: Telephione: Course Length (hours): Attendee Roster (attach additional forms if necessary) Name Company Phone COMMENTS: MEMORANDUM TO EMPLOYEES (May be periodically attached to payciiecks) TO ALL EMPLOYEES: [Client Name] supports the protection of our environment and has developed a program for this project to reduce pollutants from entering the local waterways. You will be expected to abide by all requirements of the program and do your part to comply with the program while you are working on this project by: • Disposing of trash, rubbish, and construction debris properly. • Reporting, to the General Contractor, leaky vehicles or equipment or other pollution sources that may be present. • Covering material, which may be exposed to the rain. • Encouraging your co-workers to do the same. Remember, we all benefit from the recreation that is provided by these waters that we are protecting. A copy of the storm water pollution plan developed for this site is available for your review at the construction office. CERTIFICATE OF TRAINING CALIFORNIA CONSTRUCTION GENERAL PERMIT C^ALIFIED SWPPP DEVELOPER (QSD) AND QUALIFIED SWPPP PRACTITIONER (QSP) Emma SMITH Jun 03, 2013 - Aug 30, 2015 Certificate #20121 CaHfornia Stormwater Quality Association and California Construction General Permit Training Teanr^ The CPESC® Application Review Committee certifies that €mma Catlierine ^uljns; Subscribes to the Code of Conduct and Ethics and has met the requirements established by the CPESC Council as a Certified Professional in Erosion and Sediment ControF^ An EnviroCert International, Inc. Program Certification Number: 6440 Certification Date: June 3,2011 Chair, CPESC Council CPESC Program Manager Tht CPESC Program loas established in 1982. APPENDIX K RESPONSIBLE PARTIES RESPONSIBLE PARTIES Project Owner: San Dieguito Union High School District 684 Requeza Drive Encinitas, CA 92024 760.753.6491 Russ.thornton@sduhsd.net Russ Thornton Executive Director of Operations General Contractor: Company Name:_ Address: City, State, Zip: Telephone: Name and Title of Contact:, Email Address: Qualified SWPPP Practitioner (QSP): Company Name:_ Address: City, State, Zip: Telephone: Name and Title of QSP: Email Address: Phone: APPENDiX 7: State and Regionai Water Resources Control Board Contacts NORTH COAST REGION (1) 5550 Sk)4ane Blvd, Ste. A Santa Rose, CA 95403 (707) 576-2220 FAX: (707)523-0135 SAH FRANCISCO BAY REGION (2) 1515 Clay Street, Ste. 1400 Oakland, CA 94612 (510) 622-2300 FAX: (510) 622-2640 CENTRAL COAST REGION (3) 895 terovista Place, Ste 101 San LuisObi^, CA 93401 (805) 549-3147 FAX: (805) 543-0397 LOS ANGELES REGION ^ 320W.4''Streel,Ste.200 Los Angeles, CA 90013 (213) 576-6600 FAX: C13) 576-6640 LAHONTAN REGION (6SLT) 2501 Lake Tahoe Blvd. South Lake Tahoe, CA 98150 (530) 542-5400 FAX: (530) 544-2271 WCTORMLLE OFFICE (SV) 14440 Civic Drive, Ste. 200 Mdoivllie, CA 92392-2383 (760) 241SSS3 FAX: (760) 241-7308 CENTRAL VHJ.E V REGK>H (SS) 11020 Sun Center Dr.,«200 Rancho Cordova, CA 95670-6114 (916)464-3291 FAX: P16) 464-4645 FRESNO BRANCH OFFICE (SF) 1685 E St. Fresno, CA 93706 (559) 445-5116 FAK: 1^59) 445-5910 REDBMG BRANCH OFFICE (SR) 415 Kndbrest Drive, Ste. 100 Redding, CA 96002 (530) 224-4845 FAX; (530) 224-4857 COLORADO RIVER BASM REGION (7) 73-720 Fred Waring Dr., Ste. 100 Palm Desert, CA 92260 (760) 346-7491 FAX: (760) 341-6820 SANTA ANA REGION (S) 3737 l«lain Street, Ste. SOO Riverside, CA 92501-3339 Phone (951) 762-4130 FAX: (951) 781-6288 SAH DIEGO REGION (9) 9174 SkyPar)( Court, Ste. 100 San Dlego, C A 92123-4340 (858) 467-2952 FAX: (B58) 571-6972 STATE WATER BOARD PO B0X1977 Sacramento, CA95812-1977 storni <mter@weteitioards£a.gov 2009-0009-DWQ September 2, 2009 APPENDIX L CONTRACTORS & SUBCONTRACTORS CONTRACTORS AND SUBCONTRACTORS Project Name: WDID: Company Name Contact Person Name Address Telephone ResponkbilWes APPENDIX M SAMPLE SUBCONTRACTOR NOTIFICATION LETTER AND LOG Sample Subcontractor Notification Letter [Date] [Subcontractor/Supplier's Name] [Company] [Address] [City, State] Dear [Subcontractor/Supplier's Name] Please be advised that this contract is subject to the requirements and conditions ofthe National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) General Construction PermiL In short, the purpose ofthis system is to eliminate pollutants from entering into the storm drain systems which eventually lead into our lakes, streams and oceans. Common pollutants include oil, grease, trash, sediment, asphaltic emulsions, concrete wastes, fertilizers, and pesticides. [Fuscoe Engineering, Inc. (example)] has developed a Storm Water Pollution Prevention Plan (SWPPP) in accordance with state requirements. You, as a Subcontractor/supplier are required to comply with the SWPPP and the NPDES General and Regional Permits (if any) for all work performed on this site. Any person or group who violates any condition of the general permit may be subject to substantial penalties in accordance with Section 309 of the Clean Water Act and the Porter- Cologne Water Quality Control Act. You are encouraged to advise each of your employees working on this project of requirements and guidelines ofthe SWPPP. Periodic memorandums attached to paychecks are often effectives means to remind employees of their responsibilities (see Appendix 13). In the event that any violation of the above referenced permit conditions is committed by a representative of [Subcontractor/Supplier], the liability for any associated penalties levied against [Client Name] becomes the responsibility ofthe [Subcontractor/Supplier]. A copy of the General Construction Activity Storm Water Permit, and the SWPPP developed for this site is available for your review at the construction office. Please call if you have any questions. Sincerely, [Name of Sender] I hereby acknowledge receipt of this document, and agree with the terms and conditions represented herein. [Subcontractor/Supplier] SUBCONTRACTOR NOTIFICATION LOG Project Name: WDID: SUBCONTRACTOR COMPANY NAME CONTACT NAME ADDRESS PHONE NUMBER PAGER/ FIELD PHONE DATE NOTIFICATION LETTER SENT TYPE OF WORK SUBCONTRACTOR COMPANY NAME CONTACT NAME ADDRESS PHONE NUMBER PAGER/ FIELD PHONE DATE NOTIFICATION LETTER SENT TYPE OF WORK USE ADDITIONAL PAGES AS NECESSARY APPENDIX N SIGNIFICANT SPILL REPORTS SIGNIFICANT SPILL REPORT WDID: Date of Occurrence: Discovered by: Location: Material Type: Volume Spilled: Cause of Spill: Corrective Action Taken: Agencies Contacted: Signed: Printed Name: Title: SIGNIFICANT SPILL REPORT WDID: Date of Occurrence: Discovered by: Location: Material Type: Volume Spilled: Cause of Spill: Corrective Action Taken: Agencies Contacted: Signed: Printed Name: Title: APPENDIX O QUICK REFERENCE DISPOSAL ALTERNATIVES QUICK REFERENCE — DISPOSAL ALTERNATIVES (Adopted from Santa Clara County Nonpoint Source Solution Control Program — December 1992) All ofthe waste products on this chart are prohibited from discharge to the storm drain system. Use this matrix to decide which altemative disposal strategies to use. ALTERNATIVES ARE LISTED IN PRIORITY ORDER. Key: HHW Household hazardous waste (Government-sponsored drop-off events) POTW Publicly Owned Treatment Plant Reg.Bd. Regional Water Quality Control Board (Oakland) "Dispose to sanitary sewer" means dispose into sink, toilet, or sanitary sewer clean-out connection. "Dispose as trash" means dispose in dumpsters or trash containers for pickup and/or eventual disposal in landfill. "Dispose as hazardous waste" for business/commercial means contract with a hazardous waste hauler to remove and dispose. DISCHARGE/ACTIVITY BUSINESS/COMMERCIAL Disposal Priorities Approval RESIDENTIAL Disposal Priorities General Construction and Paint; Street and Utility Maintenance Excess paint (oil-based) 1. Recycle/reuse 2. Dispose as hazardous waste 1. Recycle/reuse 2. Take to HHW drop-off Excess paint (water-based) 1. Recycle/reuse 2. Dry residue in cans, dispose as trash 3. If volume is too much to dry, dispose as hazardous waste 1. Recycle/reuse 2. Dry residue in cans, dispose as trash 3. If volume is too much to dry, take to HHW drop-off Paint cleanup (oil-based) Wipe paint out of brushes, then: 1. Filter & reuse thinners, solvents 2. Dispose as hazardous waste Wipe paint out of brushes, then: 1. Filter & reuse thinners, solvents 2. Take to HHW drop-off Paint cleanup (water-based) Wipe paint out of brushes, then: 1. Rinse to sanitary sewer Wipe paint out of brushes, then: 1. Rinse to sanitary sewer Empty paint cans (dry) 1. Remove lids, dispose as trash 1. Remove lids, dispose as trash Paint stripping (with solvent) 1. Dispose as hazardous waste 1. Take to HHW drop-off Building exterior cleaning (high-pressure water) 1. Prevent entry into storm drain and remove offsite 2. Wash onto dirt area, spade in 3. Collect (e.g., mop up) and discharge to sanitary sewer POTW Cleaning ofbuilding exteriors which have HAZARDOUS MATERIALS (e.g., mercury, lead) in paints 1. Use dry cleaning methods 2. Contain and dispose washwater as hazardous waste (Suggestion: dry material first to reduce volume) DISCHARGE/ACTIVITY BUSINESS/COMMERCIAL Disposal Priorities Approval RESIDENTIAL Disposal Priorities General Construction and Paint; Street and Utility Maintenance (cont'd) Non-hazardous paint scraping/sand blasting 1. Dry sweep, dispose as trash 1. Dry sweep, dispose as trash HAZARDOUS paint scraping/sand blasting (e.g., marine paints or paints containing lead or tributyl tin) 1. Dry sweep, dispose as hazardous waste 1. Dry sweep, take to HHW drop-off Soil from excavations during periods when storms are forecast 1. Should not be placed in street or on paved areas 2. Remove from site or backflll by end of day 3. Cover with tarpaulin or surround with hay bales, or use other runoff controls (e.g., sandbags) 4. Place filter mat over storm drain Note: Thoroughly sweep following removal of dirt in all four altematives Soil from excavations placed on paved surfaces during period when storms are not forecast 1. Keep material out of storm conveyance systems and thoroughly remove via sweeping following removal of dirt 2. Surround with sandbags Cleaning streets in construction areas 1. Dry sweep and minimize tracking of mud 2. Use silt ponds and/or similar pollutant reduction techniques when flushing pavement Soil erosion, sediments 1. Cover disturbed soils, use erosion controls and block entry to storm drain 2. Seed or plant immediately Fresh cement, grout, and mortar 1. Use/reuse excess 2. Dispose to trash 1. Use/reuse excess 2. Dispose to trash Washwater from concrete/mortar (etc.) cleanup 1. Wash onto dirt area, spade in 2. Pump and remove to appropriate disposal facility 3. Settle, pump water to sanitary sewer POTW 1. Wash onto dirt area, spade in 2. Pump and remove to appropriate disposal facility 3. Settle, pump water to sanitary sewer Aggregate wash from driveway/patio construction 1. Wash onto dirt area, spade in 2. Pump and remove to appropriate disposal facility 3. Settle, pump water to sanitary sewer POTW 1. Wash onto dirt area, spade in 2. Pump and remove to appropriate disposal facility 3. Settle, pump water to sanitary sewer DISCHARGE/ACTIVITY BUSINESS/COMMERCIAL Disposal Priorities Approval RESIDENTIAL Disposal Priorities General Construction and Paint; Street and Utility Maintenance (cont'd) Rinsewater from concrete mixing tmcks 1. Retum tmck to yard for rinsing into pond or dirt area 2. At constmction site, wash into settling pond or dirt area lined with plastic and bermed, or surrounded with sandbags Non-hazardous constmction and demolition debris 1. Recycle/reuse (concrete, wood, etc.) 2. Dispose as trash 1. Recycle/reuse (concrete, wood, etc.) 2. Dispose as trash Hazardous demolition and constmction debris (e.g., asbestos) 1. Dispose as hazardous waste 1. Do not attempt to remove yourself Contact asbestos removal service for safe removal and disposal 2. Very small amounts (less than 5 lbs.) may be double-wrapped in plastic and take to HHW drop-off Saw-cut slurry 1. Use dry cutting technique and sweep up residue 2. Vacuum slurry and dispose off-site 3. Block storm drain or berm with low weir as necessary to allow most solids to settle. Shovel out gutters; dispose residue to dirt area, constmction yard or landflll Constmction dewatering (Nonturbid, uncontaminated groundwater) 1. Recycle/Reuse 2. Discharge to storm drain Constmction dewatering (other than nonturbid, uncontaminated groundwater) 1. Recycle/Reuse 2. Discharge to sanitary sewer 3. As appropriate, treat prior to discharge to storm drain POTW Reg. Bd. Portable toilet waste 1. Leasing company shall dispose to sanitary sewer at POTW POTW Leaks from garbage dumpsters 1. Collect, contain leaking material. Eliminate leak, keep covered, return to leasing company for immediate repair 2. If dumpster is used for liquid waste, use plastic liner DISCHARGE/ACTIVITY BUSINESS/COMMERCIAL Disposal Priorities Approval RESIDENTIAL Disposal Priorities General Construction and Paint; Street and Utility Maintenance (cont'd) Leaks from constmction debris bins 1. Ensure that bins are used for dry nonhazardous materials only (Suggestion: Fencing, covering helps prevent misuse) Dumpster cleaning water 1. Clean at dumpster owner's facility and discharge waste through grease interceptor to sanitary sewer 2. Clean on-site and discharge through grease interceptor to sanitary sewer POTW POTW Cleaning driveways, paved areas * (Special Focus = Restaurant alleys. Grocery dumpster areas) * Note: Local drought ordinances may contain additional restrictions 1. Sweep and dispose as trash (Dry cleaning only) 2. For vehicle leaks, restaurant/grocery alleys, follow this 3-step process: a. Clean up leaks with rags or absorbents b. Sweep, using granular absorbent material (cat litter) c. Mop and dispose of mopwater to sanitary sewer (or collect rinse- water and pump to the sanitary sewer) 3. Same as 2 above, but with rinsewater (2c) (no soap) discharged to storm drain 1. Sweep and dispose as trash (Dry cleaning only) 2. For vehicle leaks, restaurant/grocery alleys, follow this 3-step process: a. Clean up leaks with rags or absorbents; dispose as hazardous waste b. Sweep, using granular absorbent material (cat litter) c. Mop and dispose of mopwater to sanitary sewer Steam cleaning of sidewalks, plazas * * Note: Local drought ordinances may contain additional restrictions 1. Collect all water and pump to sanitary sewer 2. Follow this 3-step process: a. Clean oil leaks with rags or absorbents b. Sweep (Use dry absorbent as needed) c. Use no soap, discharge to storm drain Potable water/line flushing Hydrant testing 1. Deactivate chlorine by maximizing time water will travel before reaching creeks Super-chlorinated (above 1 ppm) water from line flushing 1. Discharge to sanitary sewer 2. Complete dechlorination required before discharge to storm drain DISCHARGE/ACTIVITY BUSINESS/COMMERCIAL Disposal Priorities Approval RESIDENTIAL Disposal Priorities Landscape/Garden Maintenance Pesticides 1. Use up. Rinse containers. Use rinsewater as product. Dispose rinsed containers as trash 2. Dispose unused pesticide as hazardous waste 1. Use up. Rinse containers. Use rinsewater as pesticide. Dispose rinsed containers as trash 2. Take unused pesticide to HHW drop-off Garden clippings 1. Compost 2. Take to Landfill 1. Compost 2. Dispose as trash Tree trimming 1. Chip if necessary, before composting as recycling 1. Chip if necessary, before composting as recycling Swimming pool, spa, fountain water (emptying) 1. Do not use metal-based algicides (i.e., Copper Sulfate) 2. Recycle/reuse (e.g., irrigation) 3. Determine chlorine residue = 0, wait 24 hours and then discharge to storm drain POTW 1. Do not use metal-based algicides (i.e.. Copper Sulfate) 2. Recycle/reuse (e.g., irrigation) 3. Determine chlorine residue = 0, wait 24 hours and then discharge to storm drain Acid or other pool/spa/fountain cleaning 1. Neutralize and discharge to sanitary sewer POTW Swimming pool, spa filter backwash 1. Reuse for irrigation 2. Dispose on dirt area 3. Settle, dispose to sanitary sewer 1. Use for landscape irrigation 2. Dispose on dirt area 3. Settle, dispose to sanitary sewer Vehicle Wastes Used motor oil 1. Use secondary containment while storing, send to recycler 1. Put out for curbside recycling pickup where available 2. Take to Recycling Facility or auto service facility with recycling program 3. Take to HHW events accepting motor oil Antifreeze 1. Use secondary containment while storing, send to recycler 1. Take to Recycling Facility Other vehicle fluids and solvents 1. Dispose as hazardous waste I. Take to HHW event Automobile batteries 1. Send to auto battery recycler 2. Take to Recycling Center 1. Exchange at retail outlet 2. Take to Recycling Facility or HHW event where batteries are accepted Motor home/constmction trailer waste 1. Use holding tank. Dispose to sanitary sewer 1. Use holding tank, dispose to sanitary sewer DISCHARGE/ACTIVITY BUSINESS/COMMERCIAL Disposal Priorities Approval RESIDENTIAL Disposal Priorities Vehicle Wastes (cont'd) Vehicle Washing 1. Recycle 2. Discharge to sanitary sewer, never to storm drain POTW 1. Take to Commercial Car Wash 2. Wash over lawn or dirt area 3. If soap is used, use a bucket for soapy water and discharge remaining soapy 1 water to sanitary sewer Mobile Vehicle Washing 1. Collect washwater and discharge to sanitary sewer POTW Vehicle leaks Follow this 3-step process: 1. Clean up leaks with rags or absorbents 2. Sweep, using granular absorbent material (cat litter) 3. Mop and dispose of mopwater to sanitary sewer Other Wastes Carpet cleaning solutions & other mobile washing services 1. Dispose to sanitary sewer POTW 1. Dispose to sanitary sewer Roof drains 1. If roof is contaminated with industrial waste products, discharge to sanitary sewer 2. If no contamination is present, discharge to storm drain Cooling water Air conditioning condensate 1. Recycle/reuse 2. Discharge to sanitary sewer POTW Pumped groundwater, infiltration/ foundation drainage (contaminated) 1. Recycle/reuse (landscaping, etc.) 2. Treat if necessary; discharge to sanitary sewer 3. Treat and discharge to storm drain Reg. Bd. POTW Reg. Bd. Fire fighting flows If contamination is present, Fire Dept. will attempt to prevent flow to stream or storm drain DISCHARGE/ACTIVITY BUSINESS/COMMERCIAL Disposal Priorities Approval RESIDENTIAL 1 Disposal Priorities | Other Wastes (cont'd) Kitchen Grease 1. Provide secondary containment, collect, and/or send to recycler. 2. Provide secondary containment, collect, and/or send to POTW via hauler POTW 1. Collect, solidify, dispose as trash Restaurant cleaning of floor mats, exhaust filters, etc. 1. Clean inside building with discharge through grease trap to sanitary sewer 2. Clean outside in container or bermed area with discharge to sanitary sewer Clean-up wastewater from sewer back-up 1. Follow this procedure: a. Block storm drain, contain, collect, and retum spilled material to the sanitary sewer b. Block storm drain, rinse remaining material to collection point, and pump to sanitary sewer (no rinse- water may flow to storm drain) APPENDIX P VISUAL INSPECTION FORMS, REPORTS & RAIN GAUGE LOGS VISUAL MONITORING / INSPECTIONS All sites (Risk Levels 1, 2, and 3) are required to conduct visual monitoring (inspections). Visual monitoring includes inspections of BMPs, inspections before and after qualifying rain events, and inspection for non-storm water discharges. Visual inspections are required for the duration of the project v^ith the goal of confirming that appropriately selected BMPs have been implemented, are being maintained, and are effective in preventing potential pollutants from coming in contact v^ith storm water The attached forms may be utilized for documenting visual monitoring & inspections performed on the project site. The General Permit includes the following requirements for visual monitoring: Visual Monitorina (all Risk Levels) • Visual monitoring for non-storm water discharges (quarterly) o January-March o April-June o July-September o October-December • Baseline pre-rain event inspection (within 48 hours of qualifying rain events) • BMP inspections (weekly and every 24 hours during extended storm events) • Post-rain event inspection (within 2 business days after qualifying rain events) The General Permit defines a qualifying roin event as one that produces y2-inch or more of precipitation with a 48 hour or greater period between rain events. The General Permit requires that the construction site be inspected within two days priorto a predicted qualifying rain event, once every 24-hours during extended storm events, and within two days after a qualifying rain event. These inspections are only required during normal business hours of the construction site. The General Permit requires that only weather forecasts from the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA) are used. Pre-project inspections should be initiated after consulting NOAA for a qualifying roin event with 50% or greater proba bility of precipitation (PoP). These forecasts can be obtained at http://www.srh.noaa.gov/. Records must be kept of all qualifying rain event inspections, included in Appendix P. Records need to be maintained on site and document: Personnel performing the observations; Observation dates (time and date); Printed copy of the NOAA forecast Weather conditions (including the rain gauge reading forthe qualifying rain event); Locations observed; and Corrective actions taken in response to observations. If deficiencies are identified during BMP inspections, repairs or design changes to BMPs must be initiated within 72 hours of identification and need to be completed as soon as possible. All BMP inspections must be documented on an inspection checklist (see attached forms). The checklist should be made site specific based on the BMPs and outfalls for each construction project, and copies of the completed inspection forms, any corrective actions and any photographs taken shall be included in this SWPPP (Appendix P). Results of all visual monitoring & inspections are included as part of the Annual Report (see Section 7.9.3 and Appendix F). If the site is Risk Level 2 or 3 and there are non-storm water discharges, then samples must be collected and analyzed per Section 7.6. Refer to Section 7.5 of the SWPPP for further information regarding visual monitoring requirements. Rain Gauge Log Site Name: WDID: Date Time Rain Gauge Reading Read By (printed name) Risk Level 1, 2. 3 Visual Inspection Field Log Siieet Date and Time of Inspection: Report Date: Inspection Type: • Weekly • Before predicted rain • During rain event • Following qualifying rain event • Contained stormwater release • Quarterly non-stormwater Site infomiation Construction Site Name: Construction stage and completed activities: WDID; Approximate area of exposed site: Weather and Observations Date Rain Predicted to Occur: Predicted % chance of rain: Estimate storm beginning: (date and time) Estimate storm duration: (hours) Estimate time since last storm: (days or hours) Rain gauge reading: (inches) Observations: If yes identify location Odors Yes • No • Floating material Yes • No • Suspended Material Yes • No • Sheen Yes • No • Discolorations Yes • No • Turbidity Yes • No • Site inspections Outfalls or BMPs Evaluated Deficiencies Noted (add additional sheets or attactied detailed BMP Inspection Checklists) Photos Taken: Yes • No • Photo Reference IDs: Corrective Actions identified (note if SWPPP/REAP change is needed) Inspector Information Inspector Name: Signature: Inspector Title: Date: Risk Lnvei 1,2, 3 Visual Inspection FiefdLog Sheet Date and Time of Inspection: Report Date: Inspection Type: • Weekly • Before predicted rain • During rain event • Following qualifying rain event • Contained stormwater release • Quarterly non-stormwater Site Informatibn Construction Site Name: WDID: Construction stage and completed activities: Approximate area of exposed site: Weather and Observations Date Rain Predicted to Occur: Predicted % chance of rain: Estimate storm beginning: (date and time) Estimate storm duration: (hours) Estimate time since last storm: (days or hours) Rain gauge reading: (inches) Observations: If yes identify location Odors Yes • No • Floating material Yes • No • Suspended Material Yes • No • Sheen Yes • No • Discolorations Yes • No • Turbidity Yes • No • Site inspections Outfalls or BMPs Evaluated Deficiencies Noted (add additional sheets or attached detailed BMP Inspection Checklists) Photos Taken: Yes • No • Photo Reference IDs: Corrective Actions identified note if SWPPP/REAP change is needed) Inspector Information Inspector Name: Signature: Inspector Title: Date: RiskL^v^1, Z 3 Visual InspecHon field Lt>g Sheet Date and Time of Inspection: Report Date: Inspection Type: • Weekly • Before predicted rain • During, rain event • Following qualifying rain event Site information • Contained stormwater release • Quarterly non-stormwater Construction Site Name: WDID: Construction stage and completed activities: Approximate area of exposed site: Weather and Obsenrations Date Rain Predicted to Occur: Predicted % chance of rain: Estimate storm beginning: Estimate storm duration: Estimate time since last storm: Rain gauge reading: (date and time) (hours) (days or hours) (inches) Observations: If yes identify location Odors Yes • No • Floating material Yes • No • Suspended Material Yes • No • Sheen Yes • No n Discolorations Yes • No • Turbidity Yes • No • Site inspections Outfalls or BMPs Evaluated Deficiencies Noted (add additional sheets or attached detailed BMP Inspection Checklists) Photos Taken: Yes • No • Photo Reference IDs: Corrective Actions identified (note if SWPPP/REAP change Is needed) Inspector information Inspector Name: Signature: Inspector Title: Date: Risk Level 1, 2,3 Visual Inspection Field Log Sheet Date and Time of Inspection: Report Date: Inspection Type: • Weekly • Before predicted rain • During rain event • Following qualifying rain event • Contained stormwater release • Quarterly non-stormwater Site information Construction Site Name: WDID: Construction stage and completed activities: Approximate area of exposed site: Weather and Observations Date Rain Predicted to Occur: Predicted % chance of rain: Estimate storm beginning: (date and time) Estimate storm duration: (hours) Estimate time since last storm: (days or hours) Rain gauge reading: (inches) Observations: If yes identify location Odors Yes • No • Floating material Yes • No • Suspended Material Yes • No • Sheen Yes • No • Discolorations Yes • No • Turbidity Yes • No • Site inspections Outfalls or BMPs Evaluated Deficiencies Noted (add additional sheets or attached detailed BMP Inspection Checklists) Photos Taken: Yes • No • Photo Reference IDs: Coirective Actions identified note if SWPPP/REAP change is needed) Inspector information Inspector Name: Signature: Inspector Title: Date: Risk Level 1, 2, 3 Visual inspection Field Log Sheet Date and Time of Inspection: Inspection Type: • Weekly • Before predicted rain Report Date: • During rain event • Following qualifying rain event • Contained stormwater release • Quarterly non-stormwater Site information Construction Site Name: WDID: Construction stage and completed activities: Approximate area of exposed site: Weather and Observations Date Rain Predicted to Occur: Predicted % chance of rain: Estimate storm beginning: (date and time) Estimate storm duration: (hours) Estimate time since last storm: (days or hours) Rain gauge reading: (inches) Obsen/ations: If yes identify location Odors Yes • No • Floating material Yes • No • Suspended Material Yes • No • Sheen Yes • No • Discolorations Yes • No • Turbidity Yes • No • Site inspections Outfalls or BMPs Evaluated Deficiencies Noted (add additional sheets or attached detailed BMP Inspection Checklists) Photos Taken: Yes • No • Photo Reference IDs; Corrective Actions identified (note if SWPPP/REAP change is needed) Inspector Information Inspector Name; Signature; Inspector Title; Date; Risk Levell, 2, 3 Visual inspection Field Log Sheet Date and Time of Inspection; Report Date: Inspection Type; • Weekly • Before predicted rain • During rain event • Following qualifying rain event • Contained stormwater release • Quarterly non-stormwater Site information Construction Site Name; WDID; Construction stage and completed activities; Approximate area of exposed site; Weather and Observations Date Rain Predicted to Occur; Predicted % chance of rain; Estimate storm beginning; (date and time) Estimate storm duration; (hours) Estimate time since last storm; (days or hours) Rain gauge reading; (inches) Observations; If yes identify location Odors Yes • No • Floating material Yes • No • Suspended Material Yes • No • Sheen Yes • No • Discolorations Yes • No • Turbidity Yes • No • Site inspections Outfalls or BMPs Evaluated Deficiencies Noted (add additional sheets or attached detailed BMP Inspection Checklists) Photos Taken; Yes • No • Photo Reference IDs: Corrective Actions Identified (note if SWPPP/REAP change is needed) Inspector information Inspector Name; Signature; Inspector Title; Date; Risk Level 1, 2, 3 Visual Inspection Field Log Sheet Date and Time of Inspection; Report Date; Inspection Type; • Weekly • Before predicted rain • During rain event • Following qualifying rain event • Contained stormwater release • Quarterly non-stormwater Site information Construction Site Name; Construction stage and completed activities; WDID; Approximate area of exposed site; Weather and Observations Date Rain Predicted to Occur; Estimate storm beginning: (date and time) Estimate storm duration; (hours) Predicted % chance of rain; Estimate time since last storm; (days or hours) Rain gauge reading; (inches) Observations; If yes identify location Odors Yes • No • Floating material Yes • No • Suspended Material Yes • No • Sheen Yes • No • Discolorations Yes • No • Turbidity Yes • No • Site inspections Outfalls or BMPs Evaluated Deficiencies Noted (add additional sheets or attached detailed BMP Inspection Checklists) Photos Taken: Yes • No • Corrective Actions identified Photo Reference IDs; note if SWPPP/REAP change is needed) Inspector Information Inspector Name; Signature; Inspector Title; Date; Risk Level 1, 2, 3 Visual Inspection Field Log Sheet Date and Time of Inspection; Report Date; Inspection Type; • Weekly • Before predicted rain • During rain event • Following qualifying rain event • Contained stormwater release • Quarterly non-stormwater Site Information Construction Site Name; WDID; Construction stage and completed activities; Approximate area of exposed site; Weather and Observations Date Rain Predicted to Occur; Predicted % chance of rain; Estimate storm beginning; (date and time) Estimate storm duration; (hours) Estimate time since last storm; (days or hours) Rain gauge reading; (inches) Observations; If yes identify location Odors Yes • No • Floating material Yes • No • Suspended Material Yes • No • Sheen Yes • No • Discolorations Yes • No • Turbidity Yes • No • Site Inspections Outfalls or BMPs Evaluated Deficiencies Noted (add additional sheets or attached detailed BMP Inspection Checklists) Photos Taken; Yes • No • Photo Reference IDs: Corrective Actions identified (note if SWPPP/REAP change is needed) Inspector information Inspector Name; Signature; Inspector Title; Date; STORM WATER QUALITY CONSTRUCTION SITE INSPECTION CHECKLIST GENERAL INFORMATION Project Name WDID No. Contractor Arrival Time Departure Time Weather Condition Construction Type Inspection Type (Check Applicable) • Prior to forecast rain • After a rain event • 24-hr Intervals durina extended rain • Other Season (Check Applicable) • Rainy • Non-Rainy Storm Data Storm Start Date & Time: Storm Duration (hrs): Storm Data Time elapsed since last storm (Circle Applicable Units) IVIin. Hr. Days Approximate Rainfall Amount (mm) PROJECT AREA SUMMARY AND DISTURBED SOIL AREA (DSA) SIZE Total Proiect Area Hectare/Acres Estimate of Active DSAs Hectare/Acres OTHER REQUIREMENTS Requirement Yes No N/A Corrective Action Preservation of Existing Vegetation Is temporary fencing provided to preserve vegetation In areas where no construction activity is planned? Temporary Soil Stabilization Does the applied temporary soil stabilization provide 100% coverage for the required areas? Are there any non-vegetated areas that may require temporary soil stabilization? Temporary Linear Sediment Barriers Are temporary linear sediment barriers properly Installed In accordance with the details, functional and maintained? Are cross barriers installed where necessary and properly spaced? Storm Drain Inlet Protection OTHER REQUIREMENTS Requirement res No N/A Corrective Action Are storm drain Inlets properly protected and maintained? Desilting Basins Do basins provide the required retention/detention? Stockpiles Are all locations of temporary stockpiles, including soil, hazardous waste, and construction materials In approved areas? Are stockpiles protected from run-on, run-off from adjacent areas and from winds? Are required covers and/or perimeter controls in place? Concentrated Flows |Are concentrated flow paths free of visible erosion? Tracking Control Are all paved areas and points of ingress/egress free of visible sediment tracking or other particulate matter? Is dust control Implemented In conformance with Section 10 ofthe Standard Specifications? Dewatering Operations Is dewatering handled In conformance with the dewatering permit issued by the RWQCB? Is required treatment provided for dewatering effluent? Vehicle & Equipment Fueling, Cleaning, and Maintenance Are vehicle and equipment fueling, cleaning and maintenance areas clean and free of spills and leaks? Are vehicle and equipment fueling, cleaning and maintenance activities performed on an impermeable surface? If no, are drip pans used? Are dedicated fueling, cleaning, and maintenance areas located appropriately and protected from run-on and runoff? Is wash water contained for infiltration/ evaporation and disposed of outside the highway right of way? Is on-site cleaning limited to washing with water only? Are vehicles and equipment inspected for leaks and repaired? Waste Management & Materials Pollution Control Are material storage areas and washout areas protected from run-on and runoff, and located In appropriate areas? Are all material handling and storage areas clean and stocked with appropriate clean-up supplies? Are liquid materials, hazardous materials, and hazardous wastes stored in temporary containment facilities? Are bagged and boxed materials stored on pallets? Are hazardous materials and wastes stored in appropriate, labeled containers? Are proper storage, clean-up, and splll-reporting procedures for hazardous materials and wastes posted In appropriate areas? Are temporary containment facilities free of spills and rainwater? OTHER REQUIREMENTS Requirement Yes No N/A Corrective Action Are temporary containment facilities and bagged/boxed materials covered? Are temporary concrete washout facilities designated and being used? Are temporary concrete washout facilities functional? Do concrete washout facilities provide sufficient volume for planned operations? Are concrete wastes. Including residues from cutting and grinding, contained in off-site or in concrete washout facilities? Are spills from mobile equipment fueling and maintenance properly contained and cleaned up? Is the site free of litter? Are trash receptacles In appropriate areas, watertight, and leak free? Temporary Water Body Crossing or Encroachment Are temporary water body crossings and encroachments constructed as shown on the plans or as approved by the engineer? Does the project conform to the requirements of the 404 permit and/or 1601 agreement? Illicit Connection/Illegal Discharge Detection and Reporting Is there any evidence of illicit discharges or Illegal dumping on the project site? If yes, has the Engineer been notified? Discharge Points Are discharge points and discharge flows free from noticeable pollutants? Are discharge points free of any significant erosion or sediment transport? SWPPP Update Does the SWPPP reflect the activities at the construction site? General Are there any other potential water pollution control concerns at the site? Storm Water Monitoring Does storm water discharge directly to a water body listed In the General Permit as Impaired for sediment/sedimentation or turbidity? If yes, were samples for sediment/sedimentation or turbidity collected pursuant to the sampling and analysis plan, if required, during rain events? Were there any BMPs not properly Implemented or breaches, malfunctions, leakages or spills observed which could result In the discharge of pollutants to surface waters that would not be visually detectable in storm water? If yes, were samples for non-visually detectable pollutants collected pursuant to the sampling and analysis plan during rain events? Were soil amendments (e.g., gypsum) used on the project? OTHER REQUIREMENTS Requirement Yes No N/A Corrective Action Ifyes, were samples for non-visually detectable pollutants collected pursuant to the sampling and analysis plan during rain events? Did storm water contact stored materials or waste and run off the construction site? (Materials not in watertight containers, etc.) If yes, were samples for non-visually detectable pollutants collected pursuant to the sampling and analysis plan during rain events? Additional Comments/Recommendations: Certification Inspection performed by: Title: Name Signature Date: Inspection confirmed by: Title: Name Signature Date: A COPY OF THIS REPORT MUST BE KEPT ON-SITE IN THE SWPPP AT ALL TIMES. STORM WATER QUALITY CONSTRUCTION SITE INSPECTION CHECKLIST GENERAL INFORMATION Project Name WDID No. Contractor Arrival Time Departure Time Weather Condition Construction Type Inspection Type (Check Applicable) • Prior to forecast rain • After a rain event • 24-hr Intervals durina extended rain • Other Season (Check Applicable) • Rainy • Non-Rainy Storm Data Storm Start Date & Time: Storm Duration (hrs): Storm Data Time elapsed since last storm (Circle Applicable Units) Min. Hr Days Approximate Rainfall Amount (mm) PROJECT AREA SUMMARY AND DISTURBED SOIL AREA (DSA) SIZE Total Proiect Area Hectare/Acres Estimate of Active DSAs Hectare/Acres r OTHER REQUIREMENTS Requirement Yes No N/A Corrective Action Preservation of Existing Vegetation Is temporary fencing provided to preserve vegetation in areas where no construction activity Is planned? Temporary Soil Stabilization Does the applied temporary soil stabilization provide 100% coverage for the required areas? Are there any non-vegetated areas that may require temporary soil stabilization? Temporary Linear Sediment Barriers Are temporary linear sediment barriers properly Installed In accordance with the details, functional and maintained? Are cross barriers installed where necessary and properly spaced? Storm Drain Inlet Protection OTHER REQUIREMENTS Requirement Yes No N/A Correcti>w Action Are storm drain inlets properly protected and maintained? Desilting Basins Do basins provide the required retention/detention? Stockpiles Are all locations of temporary stockpiles, including soil, hazardous waste, and construction materials In approved areas? Are stockpiles protected from run-on, run-off from adjacent areas and from winds? Are required covers and/or perimeter controls In place? Concentrated Flows Are concentrated flow paths free of visible erosion? Tracking Control Are all paved areas and points of Ingress/egress free of visible sediment tracking or other particulate matter? Is dust control Implemented in conformance with Section 10 of the Standard Specifications? Dewatering Operations Is dewatering handled in conformance with the dewatering permit issued by the RWQCB? Is required treatment provided for dewatering effluent? Vehicle & Equipment Fueling, Cleaning, and Maintenance Are vehicle and equipment fueling, cleaning and maintenance areas clean and free of spills and leaks? Are vehicle and equipment fueling, cleaning and maintenance activities performed on an Impermeable surface? If no, are drip pans used? Are dedicated fueling, cleaning, and maintenance areas located appropriately and protected from run-on and runoff? Is wash water contained for Infiltration/ evaporation and disposed of outside the highway right of way? |ls on-site cleaning limited to washing with water only? Are vehicles and equipment Inspected for leaks and repaired? Waste Management & Materials Pollution Control Are material storage areas and washout areas protected from run-on and runoff, and located In appropriate areas? Are all material handling and storage areas clean and stocked with appropriate clean-up supplies? Are liquid materials, hazardous materials, and hazardous wastes stored in temporary containment facilities? Are bagged and boxed materials stored on pallets? Are hazardous materials and wastes stored in appropriate, labeled containers? Are proper storage, clean-up, and splll-reporting procedures for hazardous materials and wastes posted in appropriate areas? Are temporary containment facilities free of spills and rainwater? 1 OTHER REQUIREMENTS Requirement Yes No N/A Corrective Action Are temporary containment facilities and bagged/boxed materials covered? Are temporary concrete washout facilities designated and being used? Are temporary concrete washout facilities functional? Do concrete washout facilities provide sufficient volume for planned operations? Are concrete wastes. Including residues from cutting and grinding, contained In off-site or In concrete washout facilities? Are spills from mobile equipment fueling and maintenance properly contained and cleaned up? Is the site free of litter? Are trash receptacles In appropriate areas, watertight, and leak free? Temporary Water Body Crossing or Encroachment Are temporary water body crossings and encroachments constructed as shown on the plans or as approved by the engineer? Does the project conform to the requirements of the 404 permit and/or 1601 agreement? Illicit Connection/Illegal Discharge Detection and Reporting Is there any evidence of illicit discharges or Illegal dumping on the project site? Ifyes, has the Engineer been notified? Discharge Points Are discharge points and discharge flows free from noticeable pollutants? Are discharge points free of any significant erosion or sediment transport? SWPPP Update Does the SWPPP reflect the activities at the construction site? General Are there any other potential water pollution control concerns at the site? Storm Water Monitoring Does storm water discharge directly to a water body listed in the General Permit as impaired for sediment/sedimentation or turbidity? If yes, were samples for sediment/sedimentation or turbidity collected pursuant to the sampling and analysis plan, if required, during rain events? Were there any BMPs not properly implemented or breaches, malfunctions, leakages or spills observed which could result in the discharge of pollutants to surface waters that would not be visually detectable In storm water? Ifyes, were samples for non-visually detectable pollutants collected pursuant to the sampling and analysis plan during rain events? Were soil amendments (e.g., gypsum) used on the project? OTHER REQUIREMENTS Requirement Yes No N/A Corrective Action If yes, were samples for non-visually detectable pollutants collected pursuant to the sampling and analysis plan during rain events? Did storm water contact stored materials or waste and run off the construction site? (Materials not in watertight containers, etc.) If yes, were samples for non-visually detectable pollutants collected pursuant to the sampling and analysis plan during rain events? Additional Comments/Recommendations: Certification Inspection performed by: Title: Name Signature Date: Inspection confirmed by: Title: Name Signature Date: A COPY OF THIS REPORT MUST BE KEPT ON-SITE IN THE SWPPP AT ALL TIMES. APPENDIX Q RAIN EVENT ACTION PLANS (REAPs) RAIN EVENT ACTION PLANS (REAPs) REAPs are to be completed by the QSP when there is a forecast of a likely precipitation event in the project area according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NO/\A) forecast website (http://www.crh.noaa.aov/lot/severe/wxterms.php). A "likely precipitation event" is any weather pattern that is forecast to have a 50% or greater chance of precipitation in the project area. Forecasts are normally issued for 12-hour time periods. It is recommended that the NOAA forecast be printed and saved where REAPs are required for documentation of the forecast. Copies may be saved in Appendix Q. REAPs are also required for project sites where construction activities are indefinitely halted or postponed. REAP templates are included in Appendix Q. Copies of completed REAPs shall be documented in the SWPPP (Appendix Q) and submitted through SMARTS with the Annual Report (Appendix F). Note: REAPs are to be prepared and implemented in addition to the pre-storm event visual inspection requirements, described further in Section 7.5. REAPs are not required for Risk Level 1 dischargers. Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) Date: WDID Number: Date Rain Predicted to Occur: Predicted % chance of rain: Site Information: Site Name, City and Zip Code Project Risk Level: • Risk Level 2 • Risk Level 3 Site Stormwater Manager Information: Name, Company, Emergency Phone Number (24/7) Erosion and Sediment Control Contractor - Labor Force contracted for the site: Name, Company, Emergency Phone Number (24/7) Stormwater Sampling Agent: Name, Company, Emergency Phone Number (24/7) Current Phase of Construction Check ALL the boxes below that apply to your site. • Grading and Land Development • Vertical Construction • • Streets and Utilities • Final Landscaping and Site • Stabilization Inactive Site Other: Activities Associated with Current Phase(s) Check ALL the boxes below that apply to your site (some apply to all Phases). • Demolition • Vegetation Removal • Vegetation Salvage-Harx'est • Rough Grade • Finish Grade • Blasting a Soil Amendment(s): • Excavation f ft) • Soils Testing • Rock Crushing • Erosion and Sediment Control • Surveying • Equip. Maintenance/Fueling • Material Delivery and Storage • Other: Streets and Utilities: • Finish Grade • Utility Install: water-sewer-gas a Paving Operations • Equip. Maintenance/Fueling • Storm Drain Installation • Material Delivery & Storage • Curb and Gutter/Concrete Pour • Masonry • Other: VerticaZ Constructfon; a Framing • Carpentry • Concrete/Forms/Foundation • Masonry • Electrical a Painting • Drywall/lnterior Walls • Plumbing • Stucco • Equip. Maintenance/Fueling • HVAC • Tile a Exterior Siding • Insulation a Landscaping & Irrigation • Flooring • Roofing • Other: finai Landscapina & Site Stabilization: • Stabilization a Vegetation Establishment • E&S Control BMP Removal • Finish Grade • Storage Yard/ Material Removal • Landscape Installation • Painting and Touch-Up • Irrigation System Testing • Other: • Drainage Inlet Stencils • Inlet Filtration • Perm. Water Quality Ponds • Other: • Other: • Other: Inactive Construction Site: • E & S Control Device Installation • Routine Site Inspection • Trash Removal • E & S Control Device Maintenance • Street Sweeping • Other: November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook j www.casqa.org C-1 Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) Date: WDID Number: Trades Active on Site during Current Phase(s) Check ALL the boxes below that apply to your site • Storm Drain Improvement a Grading Contractor • Surx'eyor- Soil Technician • Street Improvements • Water Pipe Installation • Sanitar>' Station Provider a Material Delivery a Sewer Pipe Installation • Electrical a Trenching • Gas Pipe Installation a Carpentry • Concrete Pouring • Electrical Installation • Plumbing • Foundation a Communication Installation a Masonr>' • Demolition • Erosion and Sediment Control • Water, Sewer, Electric Utilities • Material Delivery • Equipment • Rock Products Fueling/Maintenance • Tile Work- Flooring • Utilities, e.g., Sewer, Electric • Painters • Drywall • Roofers • Carpenters a HVAC installers • Stucco • Pest Control: e.g., termite prevention • Exterior Siding • Masons a Water Feature Installation a Insulation a Landscapers • Utility Line Testers a Fireproofing • Riggers a Irrigation System Installation a Steel Systems a Utility Line Testers • Other: Trade Contractor Information Provided Check ALL the boxes below that apply to your site. a Educational Material Handout • Tailgate Meetings • Training Workshop • Contractual Language • Fines and Penalties a Signage a Other: • Other: • Other: Continued on next page. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook j www.casqa.org C-2 Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) Dateof REAP WDID Number: Date Rain Predicted to Occur: Predicted % chance of rain: Predicted Rain Event Triggered Actions Below is a list of suggested actions and items to review for this project. Each active Trade should check all material storage areas, stockpiles, waste management areas, vehicle and equipment storage and maintenance, areas of active soil disturbance, and areas of active work to ensure the proper implementation of BMPs. Project-vride BMPs should be checked and cross- referenced to the BMP progress map. Trade or Activity Suggested action(s) to perform / item(s) to review prior to rain event • Information & Scheduling Inform trade supervisors of predicted rain Check scheduled activities and reschedule as needed Alert erosion/sediment control provider Alert sample collection contractor (if applicable) Schedule staff for extended rain inspections (including weekends & holidays) Check Erosion and Sediment Control (ESC) material stock Re\aew BMP progress map Other: • Material storage areas Material under cover or in sheds (ex: treated woods and metals) Perimeter control around stockpiles Other: Zi Waste management areas Dumpsters closed Drain holes plugged Recycling bins covered Sanitary stations bermed and protected from tipping Other: • Trade operations Exterior operations shut down for event (e.g., no concrete pours or paving) Soil treatments (e.g.,: fertilizer) ceased within 24 hours of event Materials and equipment (ex: tools) properly stored and covered Waste and debris disposed in covered dumpsters or removed from site Trenches and excavations protected Perimeter controls around disturbed areas Fueling and repair areas covered and bermed Other: • Site ESC BMPs Adequate capacity in sediment basins and traps Site perimeter controls in place Catch basin and drop inlet protection in place and cleaned Temporary erosion controls deployed Temporary perimeter controls deployed around disturbed areas and stockpiles Roads swept; site ingress and egress points stabilized Other: • Concrete rinse out area Adequate capacity for rain Wash-out bins covered Other: • Spill and drips All incident spills and drips, including paint, stucco, fuel, and oil cleaned Drip pans emptied Other: Continued on next page. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook j www.casqa.org C-3 • Other / Discussion / Diagrams Attach a printout of the weather forecast from the NOAA website to the REAP. I certify under penalty of law that this Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) will be performed in accordance with the General Permit by me or under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gathered and evaluated the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the persons who manage the system, or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information, the information submitted is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibilit}' of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations. _Date:. Qualifled SWPPP Practitioner (Use ink please) November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook j www.casqa.org C-4 Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) Date: WDID Number: Date Rain Predicted to Occur: Predicted % chance of rain: Site Information: Site Name, City and Zip Code Project Risk Level: • Risk Level 2 • Risk Level 3 Site Stormwater Manager Information: Name, Company, Emergency Phone Number (24/7) Erosion and Sediment Control Contractor - Labor Force contracted for the site: Name, Company, Emergency Phone Number (24/7) Stormwater Sampling Agent: Name, Company, Emergency Phone Number (24/7) Current Phase of Construction Check ALL the boxes below that apply to your site. • Grading and Land Development • Vertical Construction • • Streets and Utilities • Final Landscaping and Site • Stabilization Inactive Site Other: Activities Associated with Current Phase(s) Check ALL the boxes below that apply to your site (some apply to all Phases). • Demolition • Vegetation Removal • Vegetation Salvage-Harvest • Rough Grade • Finish Grade • Blasting • Soil Amendment(s): • Excavation ( ft) • Soils Testing • Rock Crushing • Erosion and Sediment Control • Sun'ejing a Equip. Maintenance/Fueling • Material Delivery and Storage • Other: Streets and Utilities: • Finish Grade • Utility Install: water-sewer-gas a Pa\ing Operations • Equip. Maintenance/Fueling • Storm Drain Installation • Material Delivery & Storage • Curb and Gutter/Concrete Pour • Masonry • Other: VerticaZ Construction: • Framing • Carpentry • Concrete/Forms/Foundation • Masonry • Electrical • Painting • Drywall/lnterior Walls a Plumbing • Stucco • Equip. Maintenance/Fueling • HVAC • Tile • Exterior Siding • Insulation • Landscaping & Irrigation • Flooring • Roofing • Other: Final Landscapina & Site Stabilization: • Stabilization • Vegetation Establishment a E&S Control BMP Removal • Finish Grade • Storage Yard/ Material Removal • Landscape Installation • Painting and Touch-Up • Irrigation System Testing • Other: a Drainage Inlet Stencils a Inlet Filtration • Perm. Water Qualit}' Ponds • Other: • Other: • Other: Inactive Construction Site: • E&S Control Device Installation • Routine Site Inspection • Trash Removal • E&S Control Device Maintenance a Street Sweeping • Other: November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook j www.casqa.org C-1 Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) Date: WDID Number: Trades Active on Site during Current Phase(s) Check ALL the boxes below that apply to your site • Storm Drain Improvement • Grading Contractor • Sur\'eyor- Soil Technician • Street Improvements • Water Pipe Installation • Sanitary Station Provider • Material Delivery a Sewer Pipe Installation • Electrical • Trenching • Gas Pipe Installation • Carpentry • Concrete Pouring • Electrical Installation a Plumbing a Foundation • Communication Installation a Masonry • Demolition • Erosion and Sediment Control • Water, Sewer, Electric Utilities • Material Delivery • Equipment • Rock Products Fueling/Maintenance • Tile Work- Flooring • Utilities, e.g.. Sewer, Electric • Painters • Drywall • Roofers • Carpenters • HVAC installers • Stucco • Pest Control: e.g., termite prevention • Exterior Siding a Masons • Water Feature Installation • Insulation • Landscapers • Utility Line Testers • Fireproofing • Riggers • Irrigation System Installation • Steel Systems • Utility Line Testers • Other: Trade Contractor Information Provided Check ALL the boxes below that apply to your site. Educational Material Handout • Tailgate Meetings • Training Workshop Contractual Language Other: • Fines and Penalties • Other: • Signage • Other: Continued on next page. November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook | www.casqa.org C-2 Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) Date of REAP WDID Number: Date Rain Predicted to Occur: Predicted % chance of rain: Predicted Rain Event Triggered Actions Below is a list of suggested actions and items to review for this project. Each active Trade should check all material storage areas, stockpiles, waste management areas, vehicle and equipment storage and maintenance, areas of active soil disturbance, and areas of active work to ensure the proper implementation of BMPs. Project-wide BMPs should be checked and cross- referenced to the BMP progress map. Trade or Activity Suggested action(s) to perform / item(s) to review prior to rain event • Information & Scheduling Inform trade supervisors of predicted rain Check scheduled activities and reschedule as needed Alert erosion/sediment control provider Alert sample collection contractor (if applicable) Schedule staff for extended rain inspections (including weekends & holidays) Check Erosion and Sediment Control (ESC) material stock Review BMP progress map Other: • Material storage areas Material under cover or in sheds (ex: treated woods and metals) Perimeter control around stockpiles Other: • Waste management areas Dumpsters closed Drain holes plugged Recycling bins covered Sanitary stations bermed and protected from tipping Other: • Trade operations Exterior operations shut down for event (e.g., no concrete pours or paving) Soil treatments (e.g.,: fertilizer) ceased within 24 hours of event Materials and equipment (ex: tools) properly stored and covered Waste and debris disposed in covered dumpsters or removed from site Trenches and excavations protected Perimeter controls around disturbed areas Fueling and repair areas covered and bermed Other: • Site ESC BMPs Adequate capacity in sediment basins and traps Site perimeter controls in place Catch basin and drop inlet protection in place and cleaned Temporary erosion controls deployed Temporary perimeter controls deployed around disturbed areas and stockpiles Roads swept; site ingress and egress points stabilized Other: • Concrete nnse out area Adequate capacity for rain Wash-out bins covered Other: • Spill and drips All incident spills and drips, including paint, stucco, fuel, and oil cleaned Drip pans emptied Other: November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook | www.casqa.org C-3 Continued on next page • Other / Discussion / Diagrams Attach a printout of the weather forecast from the NOAA website to the REAP. I certify under penalty of law that this Rain Event Action Plan (REAP) will be performed in accordance with the General Permit by me or under my direction or supervision in accordance with a system designed to assure that qualified personnel properly gathered and evaluated the information submitted. Based on my inquiry of the persons who manage the system, or those persons directly responsible for gathering the information, the information submitted is, to the best of my knowledge and belief, true, accurate, and complete. I am aware that there are significant penalties for submitting false information, including the possibility of fine and imprisonment for knowing violations. _Date:. Qualified SWPPP Practitioner (Use ink please) November 2009 California Stormwater BMP Handbook | www.casqa.org C-4 APPENDIX R GUIDANCE ON FIELD MEASUREMENTS Guidance on Field Measurements Source: California Stormwater Quality Association (CASQA). California Stormwater Quality Handbook for Construction. Appendix D - Field Monitoring and Analysis Guidance. November 2009. This section details the general practices for sampling using field meters. Before any sampling begins it is imperative to wear proper clothing and equipment. This includes the appropriate sampling safety equipment and powder-free nitrile gloves. Instrument Calibration Calibrate field meters and equipment before any sampling. Follow the calibration instructions provided by the manufacturer with your instrument. Calibration standards should be purchased with your instrument and repurchased as needed. The standards have limited shelf life and should not be used beyond the expiration date. Most pH meters require a two or three point calibration curve; therefore you will need to purchase two or three different standard solutions. Typical solutions have pH values of 4, 7, and 10. Turbidity measurements are also based on a two or three point curve and should include a zero value. It is very important to make sure that the turbidity standard solution is well mixed before meter calibration. Since turbidity standards sometimes contain suspended solids, inaccurate calibration can result ifthe standards are not properly mixed. Field Meter Sampling Measurement of turbidity and pH using a field meter is very similar. Figure D-2 shows an example of an all-in-one field meter, which among other things, records pH and turbidity. Since methods for specific field meters vary from model to model carefully follow the instructions provided by the manufacturer. This pictorial guide provides an outline for the methods appropriate for an all-in-one meter. Figure D-2 Example ofan Ali-In-One meter Measurements In-Stream The simplest method is to place the sensor directly into the waterway or flow path (Figure D-3) and record the results. This will only work if there is significant runoff with a depth greater than six inches, which may not be the case at a construction site. With this method, it is important to not only to have runoff with a significant depth but to sample in a location that is representative of the entire flow. Avoid puddles that might have formed off of the main drainage. Figure D-3 Measuring pH and tiirbicllty In-stream measurements Measurements in a Sample Container Most likely the sampling will take place in low flow conditions so an intermediate container must be used. The container should be clean and decontaminated. Make sure to obtain a grab sample that represents site runoff conditions. If two or more runoff streams originating from the site converge at one location downstream from the construction site, then collect a grab sample at this location. Collect the field sample by holding the container in the flow path (Figure D-4) until enough water is obtained to fill the field meter's receiving container. In some cases, small, clean cups or sampling syringes may be needed to collect an adequate sample volume. Next pour the grab sample into the field meter's receiving container (Figure D-5) Figure D-4 Collecting grab samples Figure D-5 Transferring sample to field meter sample container Insert field meter into receiving container with the sample water (Figure D-6). This step will differ based on the design ofthe meter. Figure D-6 Inserting meter into sample container Wait for the pH and turbidity values to stabilize before recording the results, which may take few moments. Complete the field logs with results and any important information to describe the sampling settings. Include in the documentation any apparent odor, color, clarity, sheen, and other visual characteristics of the water sample. -TB Figure D-7 Measuring pH and turbidity In the sample container APPENDIX S POLLUTANT TESTING GUIDANCE TABLE Pollutant Testing Guidance Table ^ Category Construction Site Material Visually Observable? Pollutant Indicators ^ Suggested Analyses Field ^ Laboratory Asphalt Products (Sections 37, 39, 92, 93, 94, and Special Provisions) Hot Asphalt Yes - Rainbow Surface or Brown Suspension Visually Observable - No Testing Required Asphalt Products (Sections 37, 39, 92, 93, 94, and Special Provisions) Asphalt Emulsion Yes - Rainbow Surface or Brown Suspension Visually Observable - No Testing Required Asphalt Products (Sections 37, 39, 92, 93, 94, and Special Provisions) Liquid Asphalt (tack coat) Yes - Rainbow Surface or Brown Suspension Visually Observable - No Testing Required Asphalt Products (Sections 37, 39, 92, 93, 94, and Special Provisions) Cold Mix Yes - Rainbow Surface or Brown Suspension Visually Observable - No Testing Required Asphalt Products (Sections 37, 39, 92, 93, 94, and Special Provisions) Crumb Rubber Yes - Black, solid material Visually Observable - No Testing Required Asphalt Products (Sections 37, 39, 92, 93, 94, and Special Provisions) Asphalt Concrete (Any Type) Yes - Rainbow Surface or Brown Suspension Visually Observable - No Testing Required Cleaning Products Acids No pH Acidity Anions (acetic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrogen chloride) pH Meter Acidity Test Kit EPA 150.1 (pH) Cleaning Products Acids No pH Acidity Anions (acetic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrogen chloride) pH Meter Acidity Test Kit SM 231 OB (Acidity) Cleaning Products Acids No pH Acidity Anions (acetic acid, phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid, nitric acid, hydrogen chloride) pH Meter Acidity Test Kit EPA 300.0 (Anion) Cleaning Products Bleaches No Residual Chlorine Chlorine SM 4500-CL G (Res. Chlorine) Cleaning Products Detergents Yes - Foam Visually Observable - No Testing Required Cleaning Products TSP No Phosphate Phosphate EPA 365.3 (Phosphate) Cleaning Products Solvents No VOC None EPA 601/602 or EPA 624 (VOC) Cleaning Products Solvents No SVOC None EPA 625 (SVOC) Pollutant Testing Guidance Table ^ Category Construction Site Material Visually Observable? Pollutant Indicators ^ Suggested Analyses Field ^ Laboratory Portland Cement (PCC) Yes - Milky Liquid Visually Observable - No Testing Required Masonry products No pH pH Meter Alkalinity or Acidity Test Kit EPA 150.1 (pH) Masonry products No Alkalinity pH Meter Alkalinity or Acidity Test Kit SM 2320 (Alkalinity) Sealant (Methyl No Methyl Methacrylate EPA 625 (SVOC) Methacrylate - MMA) No Cobalt None EPA 200.8 (Metal) Zinc EPA 200.8 (Metal) Portland Concrete Cement & Masonry Products (Section 27, 28, 29, 40, 41, 42,49, 50, 51, 53, 63, 65, 72, 73, 80, 81, 83, 90, and Incinerator Bottom Ash Bottom Ash Steel Slag Foundry Sand Fly Ash Municipal Solid Waste No Aluminum Calcium Vanadium Zinc Calcium Test EPA 200.8 (Metal) EPA 200.7 (Calcium) Special Provisions) Mortar Yes - Milky Liquid Visually Observable - No Testing Required Concrete Rinse Water Yes - Milky Liquid Visually Observable - No Testing Required Acidity SM2310B (Acidity) Alkalinity pH Meter Alkalinity or Acidity Test Kit SM 2320 (Alkalinity) Non-Pigmented Curing Compounds No pH pH Meter Alkalinity or Acidity Test Kit EPA 150.1 (pH) VOC pH Meter Alkalinity or Acidity Test Kit EPA 601/602 or EPA 624 (VOC) SVOC EPA 625 (SVOC) Pollutant Testing Guidance Table ^ Category Construction Site Material Visually Observable? Pollutant Indicators ^ Suggested Analyses Field ^ Laboratory Aluminum EPA 200.8 (Metal) Aluminum Sulfate No TDS TDS Meter Sulfate EPA 160.1 (TDS) Sulfate EPA 300.0 (Sulfate) Sulfur-Elemental No Sulfate Sulfate EPA 300.0 (Sulfate) Nitrate Nitrate EPA 300.0 (Nitrate) Fertilizers-Inorganic No Phosphate Phosphate EPA 365.3 (Phosphate) Fertilizers-Inorganic No Organic Nitrogen None EPA 351.3 (TKN) Landscaping and Other Potassium None EPA 200.8 (Metal) Products (Section 20, 24, and TOC EPA 415.1 (TOC) Special Provisions) Fertilizers-Organic No Nitrate Nitrate EPA 300.0 (Nitrate) Fertilizers-Organic No Organic Nitrogen Nitrate EPA 351.3 (TKN) COD EPA 410.4 (COD) Natural Earth (Sand, Gravel, and Topsoil) Yes - Cloudiness and turbidity Visually Observable - No Testing Required Herbicide Herbicide None Check lab for specific Pesticide No Pesticide None herbicide or pesticide Lime No Alkalinity pH Meter Alkalinity or Acidity Test Kit SM 2320 (Alkalinity) 1 Lime pH pH Meter Alkalinity or Acidity Test Kit EPA 150.1 (pH) Pollutant Testing Guidance Table ^ Category Construction Site Material Visually Observable? Pollutant Indicators ^ Suggested Analyses Field' Laboratory Paint Yes Visually Observable - No Testing Required Paint Strippers No VOC None EPA 601/602 or EPA 624 (VOC) Paint Strippers No SVOC None EPA 625 (SVOC) Resins No COD None EPA 410.4 (COD) Resins No SVOC None EPA 625 (SVOC) Sealants No COD None EPA 410.4 (COD) Painting Products (Section 12-3.08, 20-2.32, COD EPA 410.4 (COD) 50-1.05, 59, 91, and Special Provisions) Solvents No VOC None EPA 601/602 or EPA 624 (VOC) SVOC EPA 625 (SVOC) COD EPA 410.4 (COD) Lacquers, Varnish, Enamels, and Turpentine No VOC None EPA 601/602 or EPA 624 (VOC) SVOC EPA 625 (SVOC) Thinners No VOC None EPA 601/602 or EPA 624 (VOC) Thinners No COD None EPA 410.4 (COD) Portable Toilet Waste Products Portable Toilet Waste Yes Visually Observable - No Testing Required Pollutant Testing Guidance Table ^ Category Construction Site Material Visually Observable? Pollutant Indicators ^ Suggested Analyses Field ^ Laboratory Aerially Deposited Lead^ No Lead None EPA 200.8 (Metal) Contaminated Soil ^ Petroleum Yes - Rainbow Surface Sheen and Odor Visually Observable - No Testing Required Mining or Industrial Waste, etc. No Contaminant Specific Contaminant Specific - Check with laboratory Contaminant Specific - Check with laboratory ILine Flushing Products Chlorinated Water No Total chlorine Chlorine SM 4500-CL G (Res. Chlorine) COD None EPA 410.4 (COD) Adhesives Adhesives No Phenols Phenol EPA 420.1 (Phenol) SVOC None EPA 625 (SVOC) Salts (Magnesium Chloride, Calcium Chloride, and Natural Brines) Chloride Chloride EPA 300.0 (Chloride) Dust Palliative Products (Section 18) Salts (Magnesium Chloride, Calcium Chloride, and Natural Brines) No TDS TDS Meter EPA 160.1 (TDS) Salts (Magnesium Chloride, Calcium Chloride, and Natural Brines) Cations (Sodium, Magnesium, Calcium) None EPA 200.7 (Cations) Antifreeze and Other Vehicle Fluids Yes - Colored Liquid Visually Observable - No Testing Required Sulfuric Acid None EPA 300.0 (Sulfate) Vehicle Batteries No Lead None EPA 200.8 (Metal) pH pH Meter Alkalinity or Acidity Test Kit EPA 150.1 (pH) Fuels, Oils, Lubricants Yes - Rainbow Surface Sheen and Odor Visually Observable - No Testing Required Pollutant Testing Guidance Table ^ Category Construction Site Material Visually Observable? Pollutant Indicators ^ Suggested Analyses Field ^ Laboratory Organic Nitrogen None EPA 351.3 (TKN) BOD None EPA 405.1 (BOD) COD None EPA 410.4 (COD) Polymer/Copolymer ®' ^ No DOC None EPA 415.1 (DOC) Nitrate Nitrate EPA 300.0 (Nitrate) Sulfate Sulfate EPA 300.0 (Sulfate) Nickel None EPA 200.8 (Metal) Straw/Mulch Yes - Solids Visually Observable - No Testing Required Lignin Sulfonate No Alkalinity Alkalinity SM 2320 (Alkalinity) Lignin Sulfonate No TDS TDS Meter EPA 160.1 (TDS) Soil Psyllium No COD None EPA 410.4 (COD) Amendment/Stabilization Psyllium No TOC None EPA 415.1 (TOC) Products COD EPA 410.4 (COD) Guar/Plant Gums No TOC None EPA 415.1 (TOC) Nickel EPA 200.8 (Metal) pH pH Meter, Alkalinity or Acidity Test Kit EPA 150.1 (pH) Calcium Calcium EPA 200.7 (Calcium) Gypsum No Sulfate Sulfate EPA 300.0 (Sulfate) Gypsum No Aluminum Barium None EPA 200.8 (Metal) Manganese None EPA 200.8 (Metal) Vanadium Pollutant Testing Guidance Table ^ Category Construction Site Materia! Visually Observable? Pollutant Indicators ^ Suggested Analyses Field ' Laboratory Treated Wood Products (Section 58, 80-3.01 B(2), and Special Provisions) Ammoniacal-Copper-Zinc- Arsenate (ACZA) Copper-Chromium-Arsenic (CCA) Ammoniacal-Copper- Arsenate (ACA) Copper Naphthenate No Arsenic Total Chromium EPA 200.8 (Metal) Treated Wood Products (Section 58, 80-3.01 B(2), and Special Provisions) Ammoniacal-Copper-Zinc- Arsenate (ACZA) Copper-Chromium-Arsenic (CCA) Ammoniacal-Copper- Arsenate (ACA) Copper Naphthenate No Total Chromium Total Chromium EPA 200.8 (Metal) Treated Wood Products (Section 58, 80-3.01 B(2), and Special Provisions) Ammoniacal-Copper-Zinc- Arsenate (ACZA) Copper-Chromium-Arsenic (CCA) Ammoniacal-Copper- Arsenate (ACA) Copper Naphthenate No Copper Total Chromium EPA 200.8 (Metal) Treated Wood Products (Section 58, 80-3.01 B(2), and Special Provisions) Ammoniacal-Copper-Zinc- Arsenate (ACZA) Copper-Chromium-Arsenic (CCA) Ammoniacal-Copper- Arsenate (ACA) Copper Naphthenate No Zinc Total Chromium EPA 200.8 (Metal) Treated Wood Products (Section 58, 80-3.01 B(2), and Special Provisions) Creosote Yes - Rainbow Surface or Brown Suspension Visually Observable - No Testing Required Notes: 1. 1 If specific pollutant is known, analyze only for that specific pollutant. See MSDS to verify. 2. For each construction material, test for one of the pollutant indicators. Bolded pollutant indicates lowest analysis cost or best indicator. However, the composition of the specific construction material, if known, is the first criterion for selecting which analysis to use. 3. See www.hach.com, vww.lamotte.com, www.vsi.com and www.chemetrics.com for some of the test kits 4. If the type of inorganic fertilizer is unknown, analyze for all pollutant indicators listed. 5. Only if special handling requirements are required in the Standard Special Provisions for aerially deposited lead (ADL) 6. If used with a dye or fiber matrix, it is considered visually observable and no testing is required. 7. Based upon research conducted by Caltrans, the following copolymers/polymers do not discharge pollutants and water quality sampling and analysis is not required: Super Tak™, M-Binder™, Fish Stik™, Pro40dc™, Fisch-Bond™, and Soil Master WR™. ACRONYMS: BOD - Biochemical Oxygen Demand COD - Chemical Oxygen Demand DOC - Dissolved Organic Carbon EPA - Environmental Protection Agency HACH - Worldwide company that provides advanced analytical systems and technical support for water quality testing. SM - Standard Method SVOC - Semi-Volatile Organic Compounds TDS - Total Dissolved Solids TKN - Total Kjeldahl Nitrogen TOC - Total Organic Carbon TSP - Tri-Sodium Phosphate VOC - Volatile Organic Compounds REFERENCES: Construction Storm Water Sampling and Analysis Guidance Document, California Stormwater Quality Task Force, October 2001. Environmental Impact of Construction and Repair Materials on Surface and Ground Waters, Report 448, National Cooperative Highway Research Program, 2001 So/7 Stabilization for Temporary Slopes, Environmental Programs, Califomia Department of Transportation, October 1, 1999. Statewide Storm Water IVIanagement Plan, Division of Environmental Analysis, California Department of Transportation, April 2002. Statewide Storm Water Quality Practice Guidelines, Environmental Program, Califomia Department of Transportation, August 2000. So;7 Stabilization for Temporary Slopes and District 7 Erosion Control Pilot Study, June 2000. Stormwater t^onitoring Protocols, Guidance Manual, California Department of Transportation, May 2000. SWPPPA/VPCP Preparation Manual, Caltrans Storm Water Quality Handbooks, February 2003. APPENDIX T STORM WATER SAMPLING FORMS SAMPLING & ANALYSIS Sampling & Analysis for Risk Level 2 • Effluent sampling for turbidity and pH (minimum 3 samples per day per discharge point per qualifying rain event) • Contained rain water (at time of discharge) • Non-visible pollutants, spills and/or BMP failures (within first 2 hours of discharge from site) • Other (as required by dewatering permits, RWQCB or TMDLs) Sampling & Analysis for Risk Level 3 • Effluent sampling for turbidity and pH (minimum 3 samples per day per discharge point per qualifying rain event) • Suspended sediment concentration (SCC) (required only if turbidity exceeds NEL, minimum 3 samples per day per discharge point, per qualifying rain event) • Receiving water sampling for turbidity and SCC and/or pH (if NEL is exceeded and project has a direct discharge to receiving water, minimum 3 samples per day per discharge point, per qualifying rain event) • Bioassessment (if project is 30 acres or more and directly discharges to a wadeable stream, conduct up- and down-stream of point of discharge to receiving water, conduct before start of construction activity and after completion) • Contained rain water (at time of discharge) • Non-visible pollutants, spills and/or BMP failures (within first 2 hours of discharge from site) • Other (as required by dewatering permits, RWQCB or TMDLs) Copies of all inspection and sampling reports are to be documented in the SWPPP and included in the Annual Report. All sampling data is required to be entered into SMARTS through the Annual Reports and Ad Hoc Monitoring Reports interface prior to submitting the Annual Report. Refer to the SWPPP Section 7.6 for additional sampling and monitoring requirements, and Section 7.9 for reporting requirements and records retention. Instructions for submitting ad hoc monitoring reports are included in Appendix U. In the event that the storm event average of the samples exceeds an applicable NAL (see Section 7.3), Risk Level 2 and 3 dischargers must electronically submit all storm event sampling results to the SWRCB's SMARTS no later than 10 days after the conclusion of the storm event. (Note, however that Risk Level 3 dischargers must submit all field data regardless of exceedance status within five days of the storm event conclusion). In addition, the RWQCBs may request the submittal of an NAL Exceedance Report through SMARTS. The discharger must certify each NAL Exceedance Report in accordance with the General Permit's Special Provisions for Construction Activity. In the event that the daily average of the samples exceed an applicable NEL (see Section 7.3), Risk Level 3 dischargers must electronically submit a NEL Violation Report to the SWRCB's SMARTS within 24 hours of identifying the exceedance. ATS dischargers must submit an NEL Violation Report to the SWRCB's SMARTS within 24 hours after the NEL exceedance has been identified. The discharger must certify each NEL Violation Report in accordance with the General Permit's Special Provisions for Construction Activity (General Permit Section IV). Instructions for submitting ad hoc monitoring reports are included in Appendix U. Risk Level 2 Einuent SamplIhg Reld Log Sheets Construction Site Name: WDID: Sampler: Date: Time Start: Sampling Event Type: • Stormwater • Non-stormwater • Non-visible pollutant Field Meter Calibration pH Meter ID No./Desc. Calibration Date/Time: Turbidity Meter ID No./Desc: Calibration Date/Time: Field pH and Turbidity Measurements Discharge Location Description pH Turbidity Time Grab Samples Collected Discharge Location Description Sample Type Time Additional Sampling Notes: Time End: Risk Level 2 EfHuent Sampling Fl^d Log Sheets Construction Site Name: WDID: Sampler: Date: Time Start: Sampling Event Type: • Stormwater • Non-stormwater • Non-visible pollutant Field Meter Calibration pH Meter ID No./Desc: Calibration Date/Time: Turbidity Meter ID No./Desc. Calibration Date/Time: Field pH and Turbidity Measurements Discharge Location Description pH Turbidity Time Grab Samples Collected Discharge Location Description Sample Type Time Additional Sampling Notes: Time End: SAMPLE ACTIVITY LOG GENERAL INFORMATION Project Name WDID No. Contractor Arrival Time Departure Time Weather Condition Construction Type Sampling Type (Check Applicable) • Prior to forecast rain • After a rain event • 24-hr intervals durina extended rain • Other Season (Check Applicable) • Rainy • Non-Rainy Storm Data Storm Start Date & Time: Storm Duration (hrs): Storm Data Time elapsed since last storm (Circle Applicable Units) Min. Hr. Days Approximate Rainfall Amount (mm) For rainfall information: http://cdec.water.ca.aov/weather.html or http://www.wrh.noaa.qov/wrhq/nwspaae.html SAMPLE LOG Sample Identification Sample Location Sample Collection Date and Time Specific sample locations descriptions may include: 30m upstream from discharge at eastern boundary, runoff from northem waste storage area, downgradient of inlet 57 at kilometer post 36, etc. FIELD ANALYSIS Yes No Sample Identification Test Result SAMPLE ACTIVITY LOG GENERAL INFORMATION Project Name WDID No. Contractor Arrival Time Departure Time Weather Condition Construction Type Sampling Type (Check Applicable) • Prior to forecast rain • After a rain event n 24-hr intervals durinq extended rain • Other Season (Check Applicable) • Rainy • Non-Rainy Storm Data Storm Start Date & Time: Storm Duration (hrs): Storm Data Time elapsed since last storm (Circle Applicable Units) Min. Hr. Days Approximate Rainfall Amount (mm) For rainfall infomiation: http://cdec.water.ca.qov/weather.html or http://www.wrh.noaa.aov/wrha/nwspaae.html SAMPLE LOG Sample Identification Sample Location Sample Coliectlon Date and Time Specific sample locations descriptions may include: 30m upstream from discharge at eastern boundary, runoff from northern waste storage area, downgradient of inlet 57 at kilometer post 36, etc. FIELD ANALYSIS Yes No Sample Identification Test Result SAMPLE ACTIVITY LOG GENERAL INFORMATION Project Name WDID No. Contractor Arrival Time Departure Time Weather Condition Construction Type Sampling Type (Check Applicable) • Prior to forecast rain • After a rain event n 24-hr intervals durinq extended rain • Other Season (Check Applicable) n Rainy • Non-Rainy Storm Data Storm Start Date & Time: Storm Duration (hrs): Storm Data Time elapsed since last storm (Circle Applicable Units) MIn. Hr. Days Approximate Rainfall Amount (mm) For rainfall information: http://cdec water ca.qov/weather.html or http://viww.wrh.noaa.qov/wrha/nwspaae.html SAMPLE LOG Sample Identification Sample Location Sample Collection Date and Time Specific sample locations descriptions may include: 30m upstream from discharge at eastern boundary, runoff from northem waste storage area, downgradient of inlet 57 at kilometer post 36, etc. FIELD ANALYSIS Yes No Sample Identification Test Result SAMPLE ACTIVITY LOG GENERAL INFORMATION Project Name WDID No. Contractor Arrival Time Departure Time Weather Condition Construction Type Sampling Type (Check Applicable) • Prior to forecast rain • After a rain event • 24-hr inten/als durina extended rain • Other Season (Check Applicable) • Rainy • Non-Rainy Storm Data Storm Start Date & Time: Storm Duration (hrs): Storm Data Time elapsed since last storm (Circle Applicable Units) MIn. Hr. Days Approximate Rainfall Amount (mm) For rainfall information; http://cdec.water.ca-qov/weather.html or http://www.wrh.noaa.qov/wrhq/nwspaqe.html SAMPLE LOG Sample Identification Sample Location Sample Collection Date and Time Specific sample locations descriptions may include: 30m upstream from discharge at eastern boundary, runoff from northern waste storage area, downgradient of inlet 57 at kilometer post 36, etc. FIELD ANALYSIS Yes No Sample Identification Test Result APPENDIX U HOW TO SUBMIT AN AD HOC REPORT FOR CONSTRUCTION SITE MONITORING How to Submit an Ad Hoc Report for Construction Site Monitoring state Water Board Order No. 2009-009-DWQ, the Construction General Permit (CGP) is a National Pollutant Discharge Elimination System (NPDES) permit that implements Federal regulations (40 CFR § 122.44) requiring enrollees to self-report effluent monitoring for their covered discharges. The CGP requires some permittees to self- report effluent monitoring information under specific circumstances. For example, if the permittees are Risk Level or Type 2 then they are subject to Numeric Action Levels (NALs). If the permittees are Risk Level or Type 3 then they are subject to Numeric Effluent Limitations (NELs). All Risk Level and Type 2 and 3 CGP permittees must report results of their sampling and analysis of effluent discharges to characterize discharges associated with construction activity from the entire area disturbed by the project. Risk Level and Type 1 permittees must conduct water quality monitoring of their effluent only if non-visible pollutants are present on the project. The CGP requires both annual (September 1 of each year) and ad hoc electronic reporting of this information, depending on the circumstances. These instructions are specifically for ad hoc reporting. We will produce similar instructions for annual reporting as soon as possible. All of this effluent monitoring information must be reported electronically through the stormwater Multi Application & Report Tracking System (SMARTS) by the deadlines listed below: Risk Level/LUP Type Non-Visible Monitoring Results^ Effluent Monitoring Results NAL Exceedance Results NEL Exceedance Results 1 Prior to Annual Report Submittal N/A N/A 2 Prior to Annual Report Submittal 10 days after storm event conclusion N/A 3 5 days after storm event conclusion For more information on the CGP: httD://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water issues/proqrams/stormwater/construction.shtml If you have any questions please contact the Storm Water help desk at smarts(gwateboards.ca.gov or 1-866-563-3107. Up to date analytical data must be included in the SWPPP Construction Ad Hoc Reporting -1/18/2011 revised Page 1 Instructions Objectives • Learn how to enter effluent monitoring data for Construction sites. Prerequisites • Best used in Internet Explorer. • Data reviewed by a Qualified SWPPP Practitioner. Logging into SMARTS 1. Open Internet Explorer and visit https://smarts.waterboards.ca.qov/ j;;^^t> NOTE: This screen provides notifications regarding system maintenance times and/or other important information about SMARTS. 2. Enter your User ID & Password. SMARTS LOGIN User ID: Password: Login B^^^^ NOTE: The User ID and Password are case sensitive. Ad Hoc Report 1. After logging in, select the menu item: "Annual Report" p;;;^^^ NOTE: Ad Hoc reports for monitoring data are part of the Annual Report. At the end of the reporting year all Ad Hoc reports will be submitted as part of the Annual Report. Construction Ad Hoc Reporting -1/18/2011 revised Page 2 2. Select the Construction Site to begin the Ad Hoc Report Facility Site Name: WDID: Factlity'Slie Address: City; Region; Reportino Period: Report Status: Program Type 2010-2011 Select Seafch Industrial Annual Reports 1 racilfly MafiH? \NDfO Hl^rt l'(>fKXl .Statu*; Roce^l Rale 1 ftl IV Hy Remand D(*;«; Construction Annual Repons mm ^fe Address Report Pec lod Sl.itus Rwapt Date Reinarri |:onstfUcllcn S»e j fS34C350043 iJ'.vClOlhancJlSt 07.'Ci1.'2D10- Future 36'3D •'2011 Y j;!^'^* NOTE: Both Construction & Industrial Annual Reports are accessible via this search screen. Begin a New Ad Hoc Report Annual Reoort: Annual Report fiBVj Adhoc Report; This section allocs :/OU to start a ne* adhoc report. Event Type: Select Event Start DateTime; Event End DateTime: Rain (all amount; No.of Business days JDate In l.ll.tCDA'm' and Time in HH24:l,ll format ;Date in t,H.i'DD''^"i'ri' and Time in HH24:t,ll format Inches I Start Nev» Event Report | a. Select "Event Type" 1) Rain Event: Storm Event producing 0.50 inches of precipitation or more. 2) Non-Storm Water Discharge Event: All other discharges. b. Enter "Event Start Date/Time" (Time is optional) c. Enter "Event End Date/Time" (Time is optional) d. Enter "Rain fall amount " in inches 1) Recorded from onsite rain gauge or nearby governmental rain gauge.. e. Enter "Number of Business Days" during rain event 1) Effluent monitoring is only required during normal site business hours. f. Click on "Start New Event Report" Construction Ad Hoc Reporting -1/18/2011 revised Page 3 p;^^^ NOTE: Ad hoc reports may be saved at anytime and users can return at a later time to complete the submittal. Ad Hoc reports associated with this WDID are listed at bottom of the screen under "Ad Hoc Reports" 4. General Information Owner/Site information to verify you are working in the correct WDID. Ifthe information needs to be updated, click on "Click here to go to NOI screens" link, a. Click "Next" to continue Monitoring Location Tab In this tab you create & maintain monitoring locations on the project site. a. Click the "Create a New Monitoring Location" button ifthe appropriate monitoring location has not been created. EventType: R-inE.EriT EuemPeriod: 10'O.i2CH0. 1[t 13 2010 EverKStatus; ln.Pr.:gress No.o( Business days: r*m*ial bilo Mer-1 aii;trr Raw Oata | Data Summary Dailv Averaqt?^ ' AnactimwHs I C«iMy Back lo Report l+oiiw Pa()e MMiitoTiiKi L ocatHHi Manu' DisctwrQe {»OMit type Efflu6tirt l.lonilonng DescnpUoii I alttudo t wKyiixle [Back I [Next I t 201C' State cl Califcrnia.J b. Enter Monitoring Location Information fieopra* bifo i Mnn 1 or3t!f>ris Raw Data • Data Stwnmary Datly AverTiges \ Attachments | Certify j Back to Report Horn*? Page Add ^dii Monttof Ing Location Save Cancel Facility Discharge Pomt Type Monitoring Location Name CDF Identifier Description Latitude Longitude Accuracy Datum Status Save Cancel - Indicates required 3sd1- Select -^iDecimal 'liogrees onl . minimLim 5 significant diaits! 99.93993 "JL'D6dni3l clearees anl, minirnLim ; signifl':3nt digits) E'. 99.99999, Select Select '.CTliE V 1) Select "Discharge Point Type" from drop down a) Effluent Monitoring b) Influent Monitoring c) Internal Monitoring d) Receiving Water Monitoring Construction Ad Hoc Reporting -1/18/2011 revised Page 4 Enter "Monitoring Location Name" Enter "CDF Identifier" NOTE: For future use to link data from a MS Excel spreadsheet template to upload all monitoring data at one time. Enter "Description" (not required) NOTE: Although the "Description" field is not required, it is recommended that a description of the monitoring location be entered (e.g. NW corner outfall) Enter "Latitude" in decimal degrees Enter "Longitude" in decimal degrees Select "Accuracy" (optional) Select "Datum" (optional) Select "Status" a) Active b) In-Active P^I^^^'NOTE: For different rain events, monitoring locations may not discharge so you can choose to in-activate the monitoring location. 10) Click "Save" and repeat steps i - ix to add all monitoring locations 11) Click "Next" to continue to Raw Data tab. 2) 3) 4) 5) 6) 7) 8) 9) Raw Data Tab All monitoring data will be entered in this tab a. Select "Enter New Sample" Clich on "Enter Nev; Sample" to enter the sampling results. To view'edil delete previously entered data, click on the Sample ID. Enter New Sample | Sample ID Monitonng Location Hatrte San^ile Date / ritne Back Next NOTE: The basic parameters and parameters specific to the site will be populated in the table. : Odla Sunwnary • D«ty AnKages AitatJwiiRiits | t>ilifY Ba* k to Htn>ort llwiH'Paijc Enter the sample (taia along with measurments ilab resiAs) for the event. Sa-^g & Stay || Sav€ 8. Add f tevv Sample )| S3-.e & Back To List ][ Delete Sample Monitoring Location: >EDf Totel Discharge: Sampte Date Time: UM-DD-iTiTHHIi I.II Qualined SVVPPP practiiionen b. Select "Monitoring Location" from the drop down box for this sample. c. Enter "Sample Date/Time" The date and time must be in the following format: MM/DD/YYYY HH:MM. There must be a space in between the Construction Ad Hoc Reporting -1/18/2011 revised Page 5 date and time, and the time must be in 24-hour format (e.g. to enter March 1, 2006 at 3pm, enter 03/01/2006 15:00). d. Enter the "Qualified SWPPP Practitioner's" name e. Enter "% of Total Discharge" This is the percent contribution of discharge point as compared to the sum of all discharge points (100%). Can be area or flow weighted. 1 1 K<"u«t Uuatrttci ifritr. -Vl,,',-. ni>.'-ii.'jd SU ^£OOHB v jTiirbidllt : V inu L'B V j| Add Additional Paranffiler | ll Sa-.e & Slay || Sa'.e & Add Ne^A Sample 1 Ss.e & Back To List || Delete Sample 1) If a pH sample is not required, enter zero for the result. Click "Save & Stay". A hyperlink will appear on the right to "delete". Click the hyperlink to delete the parameter. Non-Visible Pollutant/Non-Storm Water Discharge Sample 2) To add additional parameters for a non-visible pollutant discharge or non-storm water sample, click the "Add Additional Parameter" button and enter the additional parameters to the table. 3) Enter the Parameter Name and click "Search" ParstnMftT SMrch EiKor searcli crtterta Parameter tieme STORET riumt>er CASriUITiMr PCSHumb»r } Saarch )[ Cancel | ParamstsiRflfBr^nM Liei Coppsr Copper Copper Coppw. Total Recoverable Copper. Percent Retnoval Copper Dl•so^l•d Copper, Total 01119 91402 01040 01042 4) When a parameter result(s) appears, choose the appropriate selection by clicking the "Select" hyperlink under the "Action" column. 5) Selected parameter is added to the Raw Data table TufblOit, Lflpper ICHI s«ita S«i6;t ?fi»;i Add AddrtwriBl Parameter Save & Add l ie^v Sample S^^'e & Back To List 6) Enter the result for this parameter 7) If a sample result is marked as ND (non-detect), the user must locate the MDL (Method Detection Limit) on the laboratory report, change the Result Qualifier to Construction Ad Hoc Reporting -1/18/2011 revised Page 6 8) 9) "<", enter the MDL value, and then again in the MDL column. Also, if the sample result is marked as "TRACE" amounts detected, change the Result Qualifier to "<", enter the most restrictive value (either PQL or MDL), and then again in the MDL column. If the sample result units do not match the units listed in SMARTS, convert the result units by using the "Unit Conversions" table. Click the "Unit Conversions" hyperlink to view this table. Click "Save & Stay" 10)Repeat Steps iii - ix to add additional parameters. NOTE: The following are instructions on each "Save" button: - "Save & Stay": Saves any changes that have been made on the screen and will remain on the screen. - "Save & Add New Sample": Saves any changes that have been made on the screen and clears the data fields for a new sample record. This is to be used when multiple monitoring locations and/or samples need to be entered. - "Save & Back to List": Saves any changes that have been made on the screen and takes the user back to the "Create New Event" screen. Data Summary Tab This tab allows users to review all data entered on the Raw Data tab. Return to the Raw Data tab if edits are necessary rw^ner^ tnto i Moti 1 x'^lMHis Rawtkita i.-i'.a'-'-i CefHtv I EitK'-k Kl R<>pnrt ttamp Uortlormo 1 ix-nMan sample Date/I RTU! ftruiMKat OettKW Hettwxjl>eloct)on /VKy^iratlRi iKIHt iJSI't'iacniKWKM MonLccI 1Z'01'2010 00.00 00 2z Copper Tste! =0,0535 U8l £2006 L'E John Doe Delete McnLoci 12;Ci1.2Ci10 0CiOOOO Iz pH =3 z SU GRAB SELF John Doe Delete MonLcd 12'01'2Ci10 00.00 00 2f Turtidfl. =22t fITU GRAB SELF John Doe Delete i.lonLOCi 12'Ci2'2010 OO.OO'OO pH =3 SU SELF John Doe Delete I.IOfiLocI 12'02'2Ci10 00,00 00 -z Turtiait, =27: trru GR'-B SELF John Doe p^igt^ 1 B3CK 1 [TtoTl Click "Next" when done reviewing the data, a. Click "Back" to go to Raw Data tab. 8. Daily Average Tab Enter the daily average for pH and/or turbidity for each business day of the rain event. The number of days is automatically populated based on the business days entered when starting the report. Construction Ad Hoc Reporting -1/18/2011 revised Page 7 Gerwfaflnfni Uoo-Location'; I Raw Data i Dala Summary : f.iiv'V/i-'^tgi' Atlact^ivfnla | Catnly Bath to Report Home Pa<|0 TWs screen allows ..ou tc enter the dail; a.eraae .-alues comouted lor the pH and Tufbidlti from the sampiifig results Dro-iSed earlier Please errterthe calculated averages b, each business da,, and e.?plain tfie calculation Businpss ()»Y fkismpss [>ay Date NiKitN-i |Bacl<||lle>a| v«ix? ll ion liave pH in yo, it HIH sample) .'.«r3ge ol all samples la^en -..eraae of all samples ta^•en a. b. c. d. e. f. g- Enter "Business Day Date" Enter "pH" average Enter "Turbidity" average Enter "Calculation Summary" A summary is required so Water Board staff can view what individual samples were used to calculate the submitted average. Follow steps a - d for additional business days. Click "Save" when complete. Click "Next" to go to Attachment Tab Attachments Tab Scanned or electronic documents required for the SMARTS report are attached using this tab. General Info M<»i.Locations Raw Data Data Summanr Di^ Averages j AB,«timentP I Certtfy i Back to Report Home Page Please f*ck on Ufiload Attachment btitton to upload the conesponding Wes Upload Attachment Attached files: The follov/ing are the current documents related to the SWARM Repons. Click on the link to viev; them. W^^^ NOTE: Laboratory reports are required to be attached to the report to validate data, a. Click "Upload Attachment" •^"1^-5 NOTE: Separate Browser Window will pop-up. Make sure pop-up blockers are turned off. (Hease proviile ttie (o«owing (Jeta*s to iipfoart the cotraspondBig Bes. Attachment FileType: Attachment Tille: File Oescription: If Partial Document Part No 1 of Total Pans "I ClicI' Browse to locate the fiie and then click Upload File FHe Name I Browse... jl Upload File [ File size sliouUI be less than 75nB. Those greater than 75f IB •.viM not be uploaded, ns Office. PDF. aiKl Picture files are accepted. (PDF is reconimendedt b. Select the appropriate "Attachment File Type" from the drop down menu Construction Ad Hoc Reporting -1/18/2011 revised Page 8 c. d. e. g h. Give the file an "Attachment Title" If necessary, enter a "File Description" Ifthe document is large, you can upload in portions, i.e. 1 of 5, 2 of 5 etc... Click "Browse" to locate the "File Name" on your computer. Click "Open" to select the file. Click "Upload" to upload the attachment to SMARTS. Once the file has successfully uploaded, it will populate in the Attachment table on the bottom ofthe screen. Attached flies: Ttte following are the current documents related to the NOL Click on the link to view tiiem. Attachment 10 1029781 mmi File Type S.VPPP Laborator/ Results File Title Lab Results Pan# l'l l'l Fields marl ed Mth are irrandat'^r,. fields I. ]• Close the attachment window Click "Next" to go to the Certify Tab 10. Certify Tab Pi«3S6Dl« 3 moment to it.iet^ orMitf necessar ,. Re.le^APnnl-.g Hocrepprt Con^tlonlrtDr CMch Corr^letHt Ji^pon amH>rs to be cimtphte! Gcemt .cursucmission Report CenHlcatlOfi: Vcu can no ,v certrt, this Report B,. completing ttie torm beloA: is I ana. under penatt;, ot laA ttial IWs document and all attachments ASre prepaftd unOei m, Clrecilon of super.lsiofi In accorcar.ce Allh a s.-siem deslsned to assure that qusliHlefl personnel properl;. gslherefl 3fia e.aluated the information suQmrtted. Eased cn m, inquir, otmt p*rscn -a persons *<t,ii manage Bie system m those persons ttit«cll, responsible for garnering the infonnanon. the infomiation sutmiBedis to Ihs Cestotni, l-nfl>i.l6a94 ard oslleltrue. accurate and complete I arriaAarsmatrH-ws aresiBrnficsnicenaSestoi submittrng false mfomnatien. mcludlnolhe possibilit. clfine and liiipfisonineni for i-nohvtng .lolaDons Certifier name: Dote: John 01=6 12U,20ni |_ Ceilf/ Ad Hoc Report a. Click "Perform Completion Check" 1) Any mandatory fields without data will be displayed. a) Correct any errors and Perform Completion Check again 2) If no errors are found: a) You can choose to "Review & Print the Ad Hoc report" for your files b) Mark the Certification Statement and click the "Certify Ad Hoc Report." a. If you are a Data Entry Person, notify the Legally Responsible Person and/or Approved Signatory to certify the Ad Hoc Report. 11. Ad Hoc Report(s) table Construction Ad Hoc Reporting -1/18/2011 revised Page 9 tltflij Adhoc Report: This section ailo/rS ..onto starts nei^.- adhoc report. Event Type: Se Ev«m Start Date Time: Event End Date Time; Rain fall amount No.of Business days Date 10 Mtl DOrm- and Tmie in HH2- l.li foimat Date in MI.I DOVm' and Time in HH2-: Ml format [' Start llev. Event Report ] Adhoc Reports .H-ifw^ Dati- HiiiiHud !>t*'lt R-jriE.EriT R-iNE.'EIlT 69163- R-jrjE-BJT 10 19'2010 00:00 10.-04.'201D 00:00 i20i'':oio:io.oo t 2D10 state of Calrtomia.i 10-2r^010 00:00 lO'ia.^oiooooo 12 02 2010 00.00 SuCmitted SuPmitted in-PfCBfess Rpmand Remand Cftlfilfi Remand Pfi|ele a. c. Ad Hoc reports that are "In-Progress" or "Submitted" are listed in the Ad Hoc reports table. To continue an "In-Progress" or view a "Submitted" report, click on the "Event ID" to open the report. "In-Progress" reports can be deleted by clicking the "delete" link on the right. "Submitted" reports may be remanded if changes are required after the LRP or Approved Signatory certified the report. Construction Ad Hoc Reporting -1/18/2011 revised Page 10 APPENDIX V NAl/NEL EXCEEDANCE SITE EVALUATIONS & NON-COMPLIANCE REPORTS