HomeMy WebLinkAbout2021-02-02; Beach Preservation Commission; ; Receive a presentation on the ownership, management and maintenance of the Carlsbad Meeting Date: Feb. 2, 2020
To: Beach Preservation Commission
From: Kyle Lancaster, Parks & Recreation Director
Staff Contact: Michael Tully, Parks Planner
Subject: Review of Carlsbad shoreline ownership and management
Recommended Action
Receive a presentation on the ownership, management and maintenance of the Carlsbad
shoreline and review glossary of shoreline preservation terminology.
Discussion
At the Dec. 1, 2020 Beach Preservation Commission meeting, commissioners requested
clarifications on the ownership of the various segments of the Carlsbad shore and common
terms related to shoreline preservation. In response, staff created an exhibit illustrating public
and private ownership and will provide an update on management entities and maintenance
activities. In addition, staff compiled a glossary of shoreline preservation terms for
commission’s reference and information.
Exhibits
Exhibit A - Carlsbad coastline ownership exhibit
Exhibit B - Glossary of the shoreline preservation terms
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CA State Parks
CA Lands Commission
City of Carlsbad Controlled
Private Ownership
Beach Access
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Carlsbad Shoreline Ownership/Control Map
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ELD STCARLSBAD BLC H E S T N U T A V
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CA State Parks
CA Lands Commission
City of Carlsbad Controlled
Private Ownership
Beach Access
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Carlsbad Shoreline Ownership/Control Map
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CA State Parks
CA Lands Commission
City of Carlsbad Controlled
Private Ownership
Beach Access
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Carlsbad Shoreline Ownership/Control Map
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CHANNELRD
ISLANDWY
EASY PL
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CA State Parks
CA Lands Commission
City of Carlsbad Controlled
Private Ownership
Beach Access
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Carlsbad Shoreline Ownership/Control Map
CARLSBADSTATEBEACHDYWINDVANE LN
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CA State Parks
CA Lands Commission
City of Carlsbad Controlled
Private Ownership
Beach Access
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Carlsbad Shoreline Ownership/Control Map
CITY OF CARLSBAD
PARKS & RECREATION DEPARTMENT
BEACH PRESERVATION COMMISSION
GLOSSARY OF COASTAL PROCESSES AND BEACH PRESERVATION TERMS
100-Year Flood: That flood event that has a one-percent chance of occurrence in any one year1.
500-Year Flood: The magnitude of a flood expected to occur on the average every 500 years, based on
historical data. The 500-year flood has a 1/500, or 0.2 percent, chance of occurring in any given year1.
Aquaculture: A form of agriculture devoted to propagation, cultivation, maintenance, and harvesting of
aquatic plants and animals in marine, brackish, and fresh water. Aquaculture does not include species of
ornamental marine or freshwater plants and animals unless utilized for human consumption or bait
purposes and maintained in closed systems for personal, pet industry or hobby purposes. This definition
specifically excludes hydroponics1.
Armor: To fortify a topographical feature to protect it from erosion (e.g., constructing a wall to armor
the base of a sea cliff), or to construct a feature (e.g., a seawall, dike, or levee) to protect other
resources (e.g., development or agricultural land) from flooding, erosion, or other hazards2.
Best Management Practices (BMP): The combination of conservation measures, structure, or
management practices that reduces or avoids adverse impacts of development on adjoining site’s land,
water, or waterways, and waterbodies1.
Beach Nourishment: Placement of sand and/or sediment (e.g., beneficial re-use of dredged sediment)
on a beach to provide protection from storms and erosion, to create or maintain a wide(r) beach, and/or
to aid shoreline dynamics throughout the littoral cell. The project may include dunes and/or hard
structures as part of the design2.
California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA): The California Environmental Quality Act as amended
1970, California Public Resources Code, Sections 21000 - 21178, and Title 14 CCR, Section 753, and
Chapter 3, Sections 15000 – 15387, requires, The California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) is
California's broadest environmental law. CEQA helps to guide the Department during issuance of
permits and approval of projects. Courts have interpreted CEQA to afford the fullest protection of the
environment within the reasonable scope of the statutes. CEQA applies to all discretionary projects
proposed to be conducted or approved by a California public agency, including private projects requiring
discretionary government approval7.
Climate Change: Climate change, or global climate change, refers to a change in the average climate of
the earth that may be measured by wind patterns, storms, precipitation, and temperature. The baseline
by which these changes are measured originates in historical records identifying temperature changes
that have occurred in the distant past, such as during previous ice ages1.
Coastal Act: The California Coastal Act of 1976, as amended, and corresponding regulations codified at
California Public Resources Code Section 30000 et seq. and California Code of Regulations Title 14,
Division 5.5 Section 13001 et seq., respectively. is umbrella legislation designed to encourage local
governments to create Local Coastal Programs (LCPs) to govern decisions that determine the short- and
long-term conservation and use of coastal resources. These LCPs can be thought of as the equivalent of
General Plans for areas within the Coastal Zone. Local Coastal Programs must be consistent with the
policies and protect public access and coastal resources6.
Coastal Commission: The California Coastal Commission, the state agency established by state law
and responsible for carrying out the provisions of the California Coastal Act2.
Coastal Development Permit: A permit for any development within the coastal zone that is
required pursuant to California Coastal Act Section 30600(a) 2.
Coastal-Related Development: Any use that is dependent on a coastal-dependent development or
use2.
Coastal Zone: The area of California described in California Coastal Act Section 30103, and the portion
of that area that is within Carlsbad's city boundary2.
Conservation: The management of natural resources to prevent waste, destruction, or neglect1.
Depth-to-Slide Plane: The distance from the ground to the rupture surface of a landslide1.
Detention Basin: Facility classified according to the broad function it serves, such as storage, diversion
or detention. Detention facilities are constructed to retard flood runoff and minimize the effect of
floods1.
Easement: A right given by the owner of land to another party for specific limited use of that land.
An easement may be acquired by a government through dedication when the purchase of an entire
interest in the property may be too expensive or unnecessary; usually needed for utilities or shared
parking2.
Endangered Species, California: A native species or sub-species of a bird, mammal, fish, amphibian,
reptile, or plant, which is in serious danger of becoming extinct throughout all or a significant portion of
its range, due to one or more factors, including loss in habitat, change in habitat, over-exploitation,
predation, competition, or disease. The status is determined by the State Department of Fish and Game
together with the State Fish and Game Commission1.
Endangered Species, Federal: A species which is in danger of extinction throughout all or a significant
portion of its range, other than the species of the Class Insect determined to constitute a pest whose
protection under the provisions of the 1973 Endangered Species Act, as amended, would present an
overwhelming and overriding risk to humans. The status is determined by the US Fish and Wildlife
Service and the Department of the Interior1.
Environmental Impact Report (EIR): A document used to evaluate the potential environmental impacts
of a project, evaluate reasonable alternatives to the project, and identify mitigation measures necessary
to minimize the impacts. The California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) requires that the agency with
primary responsibility over the approval of a project (the lead agency) evaluate the project’s potential
impacts in an Environmental Impact Report (EIR) 1.
Environmentally Sensitive Habitat Areas: Areas containing plants or animals in their habitats that are
rare or valuable due to their specific role in the ecosystem and are likely a potential for disturbance due
to human activities1.
Erosion: The process by which material is removed from the earth’s surface (including weathering,
dissolution, abrasion, and transportation), most commonly by wind or water1.
Floodplain: An area adjacent to a lake, stream, ocean or other body of water lying outside the ordinary
banks of the water body and periodically inundated by flood flows. Often referred to as the area likely to
be inundated by the 100-year flood1.
Hydrology: The science dealing with the properties, distribution and circulation of water and snow1.
Implementation Plan (IP): A component of the city's Local Coastal Program consisting of zoning
ordinances and other ordinances and regulations that implement the policies of the Local Coastal
Program Land Use Plan2.
Land Use Plan (LUP): A component of the city's Local Coastal Program that identifies the city's policies
for development and protection of coastal resources in the coastal zone, consistent with the
California Coastal Act1.
Littoral Cells: All coasts are divided into natural compartments called littoral cells. Each cell contains a
complete cycle of sedimentation including sources, transport paths, and sinks. The presence of sand on
any particular beach depends on the transport of sand within the cell. When structures such as dams or
harbors interfere with sand transport, downcoast beaches will erode. Therefore, the littoral cell and its
budget of sediment are essential planning tools for regional and coastal management4.
Living Shorelines : Are a green infrastructure technique using native vegetation alone or in combination
with low sills to stabilize the shoreline. Living shorelines provide a natural alternative to ‘hard’ shoreline
stabilization methods like rip rap or bulkheads, and provide numerous benefits including nutrient
pollution remediation, essential fish habitat structure, and buffering of shorelines from waves and
storms. Research indicates that living shorelines are more resilient than bulkheads in protecting against
the effects of hurricanes5.
Local Coastal Program (LCP): A specifically prepared land use plan and implementation program for the
portion of the city located within the Coastal Zone boundaries as defined by the California Coastal Act.
The plan must address the protection of coastal resources and public access to the coastline2.
Mean High Tide Line: The intersection of the tidal plane of mean high water with the shore. Mean
high water is the average height of high waters that occur during the most recent National Tidal
Datum Epoch, a 19-year period2.
Mitigation: A specific action taken to reduce environmental impacts. Mitigation measures are required
as a component of an environmental impact report (EIR) if significant measures are identified1.
Mitigation Measures: Action taken to avoid, minimize, or eliminate environmental impacts. Mitigation
includes: avoiding the impact altogether by not taking a certain action or parts of an action; minimizing
impacts by limiting the degree or magnitude of the action and its implementation; rectifying the impact
by repairing, rehabilitating, or restoring the affected environment; reducing or eliminating the impact
over time by preservation and maintenance during the life of the action; and compensating for the
impact by repairing or providing substitute resources or environments1.
Natural Resources: Plant and animal habitat; nature preserves; beaches and bluffs; wetland and
riparian areas; canyons and hillsides; and water features such as the ocean, lagoons and streams2.
Permit: Any license, certificate, approval, or other entitlement for use granted or denied by any
public agency2.
Public Views: Views of a "coastal viewshed" as seen by the public from a "public scenic viewing area"2
San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG): The regional planning agency for the San Diego
region of which Carlsbad is a member agency1.
Scenic and Visual Resource: Those resources identified in Chapter 5 of this Land Use Plan, such as
the ocean, beaches, lagoons, natural open space surrounding the lagoons, and the city's Flower
Fields, which are visible from public viewing areas2.
Scenic Viewing Areas (public): Areas identified and described in Chapter 5 of this Land Use Plan as
"public scenic viewing areas;" these areas offer public views of a coastal viewshed from places on,
along or within public streets, trails, and parks2.
Sea: The Pacific Ocean and all harbors, bays, channels, estuaries, salt marshes, sloughs, and other
areas subject to tidal action through any connection with the Pacific Ocean (e.g., lagoons),
excluding non-estuarine rivers, streams, tributaries, creeks, and flood-control and drainage
channels (California Coastal Act Section 30115)2
Sea Level: The elevation of the ocean's surface relative to land - land that is above this elevation is higher
than sea level and lower is below sea level2.
Sea Level Rise: The average long-term global rise of the ocean's surface2.
Sea Level Rise Hazard: Hazards (inundation, erosion, flood) associated with current and future sea
level rise, as identified in Local Coastal Program Land Use Plan Appendix B - City of Carlsbad Sea
Level Rise Vulnerability Assessment2.
Sea Level Rise Hazard Zone: The geographic areas identified as vulnerable to a sea level rise hazard
(inundation, erosion, flood), as identified in Local Coastal Program Land Use Plan Appendix B - City
of Carlsbad Sea Level Rise Vulnerability Assessment2.
Sea Level Rise Impacts: Increased flooding, inundation, wave impacts, coastal erosion, changes in
sediment dynamics, and saltwater intrusion to groundwater supplies 3 .
Seawall: A vertical or nearly vertical structure separating land and water areas, primarily designed
to prevent erosion, flooding and other damage due to wave action, storm surge and currents. It is
usually a vertical wood or concrete wall as opposed to a sloped revetment. See also "Shoreline
Protective Device" 2.
Sediment Management: The system-based approach to the management of coastal, nearshore and
estuarine sediments through activities that affect the transport, removal and deposition of sediment to
achieve balanced and sustainable solutions to sediment related needs3.
Seismic: Caused by or subject to earthquakes or earth vibrations2.
Shore Protection: Structures or sand placed at or on the shore to reduce or eliminate upland damage
from wave action or flooding during storms3.
Shoreline Protective Devices: A broad term for constructed features such as seawalls, revetments,
riprap, earthen berms, cave fills, and bulkheads that block the landward retreat of the shoreline and are
used to protect structures or other features from erosion and other hazards. (See also Hard protection,
Revetment, Seawall) 2.
Significant Impact/Effect (Adverse): A substantial detrimental impact on the environment or
resource. May include, but is not limited to, substantial changes in an area's air, water, and land
resources2.
Siltation: The process of silt deposition. Silt is a loose sedimentary material composed of finely divided
particles of soil or rock, often carried in cloudy suspension in water1.
Soft Shoreline Protection: A soft or natural method, such as beach/sand nourishment, dune
restoration, horizontal levees, and living shoreline, that protects property, development and
coastal resources from the impacts (erosion, flooding and inundation) of wave action, storm surge
and currents2.
Special Resource Areas: Areas that offer opportunities for recreation and have citywide and
potentially regional significance related to the quality of the site, such as a natural feature
(geological, ecological, hydrological), historical resource (architectural, archaeological), or some
combination thereof2.
Stormwater Drainage: Surplus surface water generated by rainfall that does not seep into the earth but
flows overland to a watercourse1.
Stormwater Management: A coordinated strategy to minimize the speed and volume of stormwater
runoff, control water pollution, and maximize groundwater recharge1.
Storm surge: A rise above normal water level on the open coast due to the action of wind stress on the
water surface. Storm surge resulting from a hurricane also includes the rise in water level due to
atmospheric pressure reduction as well as that due to wind stress3.
Submerged Lands: Lands which lie below the line of mean low tide (California Code of Regulations
Section 13577(d)) 2.
Threatened Species, California: A species of animal or plant is endangered when its survival and
reproduction in the wild are in immediate jeopardy from one or more causes, including loss of habitat,
change in habitat, over-exploitation, predation, competition, disease, or other factors; or when although
not presently threatened with extinction, the species is existing in such small numbers that it may
become endangered if its environment worsens. A species of animal or plant shall be presumed to be
rare or endangered as it is listed in Sections 670.2 or 670.5, Title 14, California Code of Regulations; or
Title 50, Code of Federal Regulations Sections 17.11 or 17.12 pursuant to the Federal Endangered
Species Act as rare, threatened, or endangered1.
Threatened Species, Federal: A species that is likely to become an endangered species within the
foreseeable future throughout all or a significant portion of its range1.
Tidelands: Lands which are located between the lines of mean high tide and mean low tide
(California Code of Regulations Section 13577(d)) 2.
Tribal Cultural Resources: A resource that is considered sacred, religious, spiritual, or an object of
cultural value to Native American tribes and meets California Register criteria, regardless of time
period2.
REFERENCES FOR GLOSSARY TERMS
1. City of Carlsbad Planning Department, CITY OF CARLSBAD GENERAL PLAN
September 2015; pages 1-23
2. City of Carlsbad Planning Department, CITY OF CARLSBAD LOCAL COASTAL PROGRAM LAND USE
PLAN Michael Baker International, September 2019; pages 255-264
3. California Coastal Commission Sea Level Rise Policy Guidance, CALIFORNIA COASTAL
COMMISSION, August 12, 2015; pages 182-189
4. Living with Coastal Change Coastal Basics, SCRIPPS OCEANOGRAPHY, KAVLI INSTITUTUTE
http://coastalchange.ucsd.edu/
5. What is a Living Shoreline?, NATIONAL OCEANIC AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION, U.S.
DEPARTMENT OF COMMERCE, https://oceanservice.noaa.gov/facts/living-shoreline.html
6. Coastal Act and the California Coastal Commission, BEACHAPEDIA,
September 2018
http://www.beachapedia.org/Coastal_Act_and_the_California_Coastal_Commission
7. A Summary of the California Environmental Quality Act, CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF FISH AND
WILDLIFE, https://wildlife.ca.gov/Conservation/CEQA/Purpose