HomeMy WebLinkAbout2021-06-08; Municipal Water District; Resolution 1656RESOLUTION NO. 1656
A RESOLUTION OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE CARLSBAD
MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT, APPROVING THE 2020 URBAN WATER
MANAGEMENT PLAN (UWMP) AND AUTHORIZING SUBMITTAL TO
THE CALIFORNIA DEPARTMENT OF WATER RESOURCES
WHEREAS, the 2020 Urban Water Management Plan, or UWMP, has been prepared by
the Carlsbad Municipal Water District, or CMWD, in conformance with the Urban Water
Management Planning Act contained in California Water Code Section 10610 et. seq.; and
WHEREAS, the CMWD's Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP) is a portion of the 2020
UWMP and functions as a stand-alone document that can be amended as needed without
amending the UWMP; and
WHEREAS, on March 26, 2021, in conformance with the California Water Code Section
10621, CMWD mailed a 60-day public hearing notification letter to all city and county agencies
to which CMWD provides water supplies; and
WHEREAS, Section 10642 of the California Water Code requires that prior to adopting a
UWMP, an urban water supplier shall make the UWMP available for public inspection and hold a
public hearing to receive public comment regarding the UWMP; and
WHEREAS, on May 7, 2021, CMWD made copies available of the UWMP for review on the
City of Carlsbad's website at www.carlsbadca.gov; and
WHEREAS, a notice of public hearing was published via a newspaper ad on May 25, 2021
and June 1, 2021; and
WHEREAS, a public hearing was held on June 8, 2021 to receive public comment regarding
the 2020 UWMP; and
WHEREAS, the city planner has determined that the Project is statutorily exempt from the
proceedings of the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) pursuant to state CEQA
Guidelines Article 18, Section 15282 - (v) The preparation and adoption of Urban Water
Management Plans pursuant to the provisions of Section 10652 of the Water Code.
NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the CMWD Board of the City of Carlsbad, California,
as follows:
1. That the above recitations are true and correct.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 11 of 652
2. That the Board approves the 2020 UWMP, which is attached hereto as Attachment
A, and authorizes its submittal to the California Department of Water Resources.
PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED at a Regular Meeting of the Board of Directors of the
Carlsbad Municipal Water District of the City of Carlsbad on the 8th day of June, 2021, by the
following vote, to wit:
AYES: Hall, Blackburn, Acosta, Bhat-Patel, Schumacher.
NAYS: None.
ABSENT: None.
MATT HALL, PRESIDENT
BARBARA ENGLESON, SECREAR`i
(SEAL)
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June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 12 of 652
Urban Water Management Plan
2020
Prepared by:
May 2021
ATTACHMENT A
Carlsbad Municipal Water District
2020 Urban Water Management Plan
Draft
Prepared by:
May 2021
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 14 of 652
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Table of Contents
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ...................................................................................................................... ES-1
ES 1 PURPOSE AND ORGANIZATION ...................................................................................................... ES-1
ES 2 CMWD’S SERVICE AREA BACKGROUND AND WATER SUPPLIES ....................................................... ES-2
ES 3 CMWD’S CURRENT AND PROJECTED DEMANDS ............................................................................ ES-3
ES 4 CMWD’S WATER SUPPLY RELIABILITY ......................................................................................... ES-5
ES 5 WATER SHORTAGES AND DEMAND MANAGEMENT ......................................................................... ES-5
INTRODUCTION AND OVERVIEW ...................................................................................... 1-1
1.1 BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE ......................................................................................................... 1-1
1.2 URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLANNING ACT ................................................................................. 1-1
1.3 RELATION TO OTHER PLANNING EFFORTS........................................................................................ 1-2
1.4 LAY DESCRIPTION ......................................................................................................................... 1-3
PLAN PREPARATION ......................................................................................................... 2-1
2.1 BASIS FOR PREPARING A PLAN AND AGENCY IDENTIFICATION ............................................................ 2-1
2.2 AGENCY COORDINATION ................................................................................................................ 2-2
2.3 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION .................................................................................................................. 2-3
2.4 PLAN ORGANIZATION ..................................................................................................................... 2-4
SYSTEM DESCRIPTION ..................................................................................................... 3-1
3.1 DESCRIPTION OF SERVICE AREA ..................................................................................................... 3-1
3.1.1 Agency Organizational Structure ........................................................................................ 3-1
3.1.2 Service Area Climate ............................................................................................................ 3-3
3.1.3 Population and Demographics ............................................................................................ 3-3
3.1.4 Existing and Future Development ....................................................................................... 3-6
3.1.5 Overview of Significant Water Uses .................................................................................... 3-7
3.2 DESCRIPTION OF WATER SYSTEM ................................................................................................... 3-7
3.3 WATER SYSTEM BACKGROUND .................................................................................................... 3-10
3.4 CLIMATE CHANGE ....................................................................................................................... 3-11
3.4.1 Climate Action Plan and Energy Intensity of Water System ............................................ 3-12
3.4.2 Climate Change Vulnerability Analysis ............................................................................. 3-13
SYSTEM WATER USE ......................................................................................................... 4-1
4.1 EXISTING WATER USE AND DEMANDS ............................................................................................. 4-1
4.1.1 Water Use by Sector ............................................................................................................ 4-2
4.1.2 Additional Water Uses ......................................................................................................... 4-5
4.1.3 Distribution System Water Losses ...................................................................................... 4-5
4.1.4 Sales to Other Agencies ...................................................................................................... 4-6
4.1.5 Estimating Water Savings from Codes, Ord, or Transportation and Land Use Plans ..... 4-6
4.1.6 Climate Change Effects on Demand ................................................................................... 4-7
4.2 PROJECTED WATER DEMANDS ....................................................................................................... 4-8
4.2.1 Unconstrained Demand..................................................................................................... 4-11
4.3 PROJECTED TOTAL WATER USE AND DEMAND PROJECTION PROVIDED TO WHOLESALER ..................... 4-11
4.4 WATER DEMANDS FOR LOWER INCOME HOUSEHOLDS .................................................................... 4-12
BASELINES AND TARGETS ............................................................................................... 5-1
5.1 OVERVIEW OF BASELINES AND TARGETS CALCULATIONS ................................................................... 5-1
5.2 WATER USE AND SBX7-7 COMPLIANCE .......................................................................................... 5-2
5.2.1 Baseline GPCD Water Use ................................................................................................... 5-2
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5.2.2 Baseline Periods .................................................................................................................. 5-3
5.2.3 SBx7-7 Baseline and Targets .............................................................................................. 5-4
WATER SUPPLIES .............................................................................................................. 6-1
6.1 SUMMARY OF EXISTING AND PLANNED WATER SOURCES .................................................................. 6-1
6.2 PURCHASED WATER ...................................................................................................................... 6-4
6.2.1 Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD) ............................................... 6-4
6.2.2 San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA) ...................................................................... 6-4
6.3 LOCAL SURFACE WATER AND GROUNDWATER .................................................................................. 6-5
6.4 STORM WATER ............................................................................................................................. 6-7
6.5 DESALINATED WATER.................................................................................................................... 6-8
6.6 TRANSFERS AND EXCHANGE OPPORTUNITIES ................................................................................... 6-9
6.7 WASTEWATER AND RECYCLED WATER ............................................................................................ 6-9
6.7.1 Recycled Water Coordination ............................................................................................ 6-10
6.7.2 Wastewater Treatment and Collection Facilities ............................................................. 6-10
6.7.3 Recycled Water Master Plan ............................................................................................. 6-14
6.7.4 Recycled Water Use ........................................................................................................... 6-15
6.7.5 Potential and Projected Recycled Water Use ................................................................... 6-18
6.7.6 Methods to Encourage Recycled Water Use .................................................................... 6-18
6.8 FUTURE WATER PROJECTS........................................................................................................... 6-20
6.9 CURRENT AND PROJECTED WATER SUPPLIES ................................................................................ 6-24
6.10 ENERGY INTENSITY OF SUPPLIES .................................................................................................. 6-26
6.11 CLIMATE CHANGE IMPACTS TO SUPPLY ......................................................................................... 6-27
WATER SUPPLY RELIABILITY ............................................................................................ 7-1
7.1 CONSTRAINTS ON WATER SOURCES................................................................................................ 7-1
7.2 RELIABILITY BY TYPE OF YEAR ........................................................................................................ 7-4
7.3 SUPPLY AND DEMAND ASSESSMENT .............................................................................................. 7-5
7.3.1 Single-Dry Year ..................................................................................................................... 7-7
7.3.2 Five-Consecutive-Year Drought ........................................................................................... 7-8
7.4 DROUGHT RISK ASSESSMENT ...................................................................................................... 7-12
7.4.1 Data and Methodology ...................................................................................................... 7-12
7.4.2 Determination of Reliability ............................................................................................... 7-12
WATER SHORTAGE CONTINGENCY PLANNING ................................................................ 8-1
8.1 WATER SHORTAGE CONTINGENCY PLAN .......................................................................................... 8-1
8.1.1 Legal Authorities .................................................................................................................. 8-1
8.1.2 Plan Adoption, Submittal and Availability .......................................................................... 8-1
8.2 ANNUAL DEMAND AND SUPPLY RELIABILITY ASSESSMENT PROCEDURES ............................................ 8-2
8.2.1 Decision-Making Process .................................................................................................... 8-2
8.2.2 Water Supply Projection: Data Inputs and Methodology ................................................... 8-2
8.2.3 Planned Water Use for Current Year and Subsequent Dry Year: Data Inputs and
Methodology ..................................................................................................................................... 8-3
8.2.4 Infrastructure Considerations: Data Inputs and Methodology ......................................... 8-3
8.2.5 Evaluation Criteria: Data Inputs and Methodology ............................................................ 8-4
8.3 WATER SHORTAGE LEVELS & SHORTAGE RESPONSE ACTIONS .......................................................... 8-4
8.3.1 Prohibitions and Reduction Methods.................................................................................. 8-6
8.4 COMPLIANCE AND ENFORCEMENT ................................................................................................ 8-10
8.5 MONITORING AND REPORTING ..................................................................................................... 8-11
8.6 DESCRIPTION OF REVENUE AND EXPENDITURE IMPACTS ................................................................. 8-12
8.7 CATASTROPHIC SUPPLY INTERRUPTION PLAN ................................................................................. 8-15
8.7.1 Seismic Risk Assessment and Mitigation Plan ................................................................ 8-15
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8.7.2 CMWD Emergency Storage of Water Policy ..................................................................... 8-16
8.8 COMMUNICATIONS PROTOCOL...................................................................................................... 8-16
8.8.1 Coordination ....................................................................................................................... 8-17
8.8.2 Communication Objectives ................................................................................................ 8-17
8.8.3 Communication Protocol for Current or Predicted Shortage .......................................... 8-17
8.8.4 Communication Protocol for Triggered or Anticipated to Be Triggered Shortage Response
Action 8-18
8.8.5 Catastrophic Communications .......................................................................................... 8-18
8.9 DETERMINATION OF RELIABILITY ................................................................................................... 8-18
DEMAND MANAGEMENT MEASURES .............................................................................. 9-1
9.1 CURRENT DEMAND MANAGEMENT MEASURES ................................................................................ 9-1
9.1.1 Water Waste Prevention Ordinances .................................................................................. 9-1
9.1.2 Metering ............................................................................................................................... 9-2
9.1.3 Conservation Pricing ............................................................................................................ 9-2
9.1.4 Public Education and Outreach .......................................................................................... 9-3
9.1.5 Programs to Assess and Manage Distribution System Real Loss .................................... 9-6
9.1.6 Water Conservation Program Coordination and Staffing Support ................................... 9-7
9.2 DMM ACTIVITY ............................................................................................................................ 9-7
9.3 FUTURE DMM IMPLEMENTATION ................................................................................................. 9-10
PLAN ADOPTION, SUBMITTAL, AND IMPLEMENTATION ............................................... 10-1
10.1 PLAN REVIEW AND NOTIFICATION PROCESS ................................................................................... 10-1
10.2 PLAN ADOPTION AND SUBMITTAL PROCESS ................................................................................... 10-2
10.3 PLAN IMPLEMENTATION ............................................................................................................... 10-2
10.4 WSCP ADOPTION, SUBMITTAL AND AVAILABILITY ........................................................................... 10-2
REFERENCES ............................................................................................................... 11-1
List of Tables
Table ES-1: Organizational Overview of the 2020 UWMP ................................................................... ES-1
Table ES-2: Summary of Projected Supplies (AFY) .............................................................................. ES-3
Table ES-3: SBx7-7 Baselines and Targets for CMWD ........................................................................ ES-3
Table ES-4: Summary of Projected Demands (AFY) ............................................................................. ES-3
Table 2-1: Public Water System .............................................................................................................. 2-1
Table 2-2: Plan Identification .................................................................................................................. 2-1
Table 2-3: Supplier Identification ............................................................................................................ 2-2
Table 2-4: Water Supplier Information Exchange .................................................................................. 2-2
Table 2-5: Coordination with Appropriate Agencies ............................................................................... 2-3
Table 3-1: CMWD’s Service Area Population – Current and Projected ................................................ 3-4
Table 3-2: Land Use Classifications within City of Carlsbad ................................................................. 3-6
Table 3-3: Projected Land Use within CMWD’s Service Area as Percentage of Developed Area ....... 3-7
Table 3-4: Water- and Wastewater-Related GHG Emissions Reduction Measures Included in 2020
Climate Action Plan and 2017 Settlement Agreement ....................................................................... 3-12
Table 3-5: Potential Impacts of Climate Change on the San Diego Region ....................................... 3-13
Table 3-6: Prioritized Climate Change Vulnerability Issues for CMWD’s Service Area ...................... 3-14
Table 3-7: Tier 1 Climate Change Management Strategies Relevant to CMWD and its Service
Area ......................................................................................................................................................... 3-15
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Table 4-1: 2020 Demands for Potable and Non-Potable Water (AFY) ................................................. 4-2
Table 4-2: 2020 Water Losses (AFY) ...................................................................................................... 4-5
Table 4-3: Inclusion of Future Water Savings and Lower Income Demands ....................................... 4-6
Table 4-4: Projected Demands for CMWD (AFY) .................................................................................... 4-9
Table 4-5: Demand Projection Allocations ........................................................................................... 4-10
Table 4-6: Projected Demands for Potable Water (AFY) ...................................................................... 4-11
Table 4-7: Current and Projected Total Water Demands (AFY) ........................................................... 4-11
Table 4-8: Projected Water Demands of Low-Income Households .................................................... 4-12
Table 5-1: Annual Potable Water Use for Potential Baseline Years...................................................... 5-3
Table 5-2: Average GPCD for Potential Baseline Years, by Ending Year .............................................. 5-4
Table 5-3: Baselines and Targets Summary .......................................................................................... 5-4
Table 5-4: 2020 Compliance .................................................................................................................. 5-5
Table 6-1: Summary of Historical, Existing, and Planned Water Supplies (AFY) .................................. 6-2
Table 6-2: Groundwater Basins in the Vicinity of CMWD ....................................................................... 6-6
Table 6-3: Groundwater Volume Pumped .............................................................................................. 6-7
Table 6-4: Source Water Desalination (AFY) .......................................................................................... 6-9
Table 6-5: Opportunities for Desalinated Water .................................................................................... 6-9
Table 6-6: Summary of CMWD’s Recycled Water Supplies and Demands (AFY) ............................... 6-10
Table 6-7: Wastewater Collected within Service Area in 2020 (AFY) ................................................. 6-12
Table 6-8: Wastewater Treatment and Discharge within CMWD’s Service Area (AFY) ..................... 6-13
Table 6-9: Current and Projected Recycled Water Direct Beneficial Uses Within Service
Area (AFY) ............................................................................................................................................... 6-16
Table 6-10: 2015 UWMP Recycled Water Use Projection Compared to 2020 Actual (AFY) ............. 6-18
Table 6-11: Methods to Expand Future Recycled Water Use (AFY) .................................................... 6-20
Table 6-12: Expected Future Water Supply Projects or Programs ...................................................... 6-23
Table 6-13: Water Supplies – Actual (AFY) ........................................................................................... 6-24
Table 6-14: Water Supplies – Projected (AFY) ..................................................................................... 6-25
Table 6-15: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment ....................................................................... 6-28
Table 7-1: Constraints on Water Supplies .............................................................................................. 7-1
Table 7-2: Basis of Water Year Data ....................................................................................................... 7-4
Table 7-3: Demand and Supply Assumptions, as Percent of Normal ................................................... 7-5
Table 7-4: Normal Year Supply and Demand Breakdown (AFY) ........................................................... 7-7
Table 7-5: Normal Year Supply and Demand Comparison – Potable (AFY) ......................................... 7-7
Table 7-6: Normal Year Supply and Demand Comparison – Non-Potable (AFY) ................................. 7-7
Table 7-7: Single-Dry Year Supply and Demand Breakdown (AFY) ....................................................... 7-8
Table 7-8: Single Dry Year Supply and Demand Comparison – Potable (AFY) .................................... 7-8
Table 7-9: Single Dry Year Supply and Demand Comparison – Non-Potable (AFY) ............................. 7-8
Table 7-10: Multiple-Dry Year Supply and Demand Breakdown (AFY) ................................................. 7-9
Table 7-11: Multiple Dry Years Supply and Demand Comparison – Potable (AFY) ........................... 7-11
Table 7-12: Multiple Dry Years Supply and Demand Comparison – Non-Potable (AFY) ................... 7-11
Table 7-13: Drought Risk Assessment ................................................................................................. 7-13
Table 8-1: Supply Source Availability Evaluation Methodology ............................................................. 8-3
Table 8-2: CMWD Water Shortage Stages .............................................................................................. 8-4
Table 8-3: Relationship between Drought Ordinance and 2020 WSCP Mandated Water Shortage
Levels ........................................................................................................................................................ 8-5
Table 8-4: CWMD Water Use Restrictions at Each Drought Response Level ...................................... 8-7
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Table 8-5: Supply Augmentation Measures Implemented by CMWD ................................................. 8-10
Table 8-6: CMWD Penalties for Use Restriction Violations ................................................................. 8-11
Table 8-7: Methods for Measuring Water Use Reductions ................................................................. 8-11
Table 8-8: Impacts to Revenues and Methods to Address Impact ..................................................... 8-13
Table 8-9: Impacts to Expenditures and Methods to Address Impacts .............................................. 8-14
Table 9-1: Drought Response Levels ...................................................................................................... 9-2
Table 9-2: 2021 Residential Customer Billing Rates for Potable Water .............................................. 9-3
Table 9-3: 2021 Commercial Customer Billing Rates for Potable Water ............................................. 9-3
Table 9-4: Residential Water Conservation Rebate ............................................................................... 9-4
Table 9-5: Commercial Water Conservation Rebates ............................................................................ 9-5
Table 9-6: Extent of CWMD’s DMMs ....................................................................................................... 9-8
Table 10-1: Notification to Cities and Counties ................................................................................... 10-1
List of Figures
Figure ES-1: CMWD’s Historical, Current, and Projected Water Use .................................................. ES-4
Figure 3-1: Carlsbad Municipal Water District Service Area ................................................................. 3-2
Figure 3-2: Comparison of 2020 Climate to Normal for Carlsbad, California ...................................... 3-3
Figure 3-3: Disadvantaged Communities within the CMWD Service Area ........................................... 3-5
Figure 3-4: Major Water Infrastructure for CMWD’s Service Area ........................................................ 3-9
Figure 4-1: Historical, Current, and Projected Water Use (AFY) ............................................................ 4-1
Figure 4-2: Projected CMWD Demands ................................................................................................ 4-10
Figure 6-1: Local Supply .......................................................................................................................... 6-3
Figure 6-2: Monthly 2020 Energy Use and Potable Water Deliveries ................................................ 6-27
Appendices
Appendix A - Notification
Appendix B - UWMP Adoption Resolution
Appendix C - UWMP Checklist
Appendix D - UWMP Required Tables
Appendix E - Climate Change Strategies and Vulnerability Assessment
Appendix F - AWWA 2019 Water Audit
Appendix G - SBx7-7 Compliance Form
Appendix H - Energy Intensity Tables
Appendix I - CMWD Drought Ordinance No. 44 and No. 46
Appendix J - 2018 Hazard Mitigation Plan
Appendix K - Demonstration of Reduced Delta Reliance
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2020 Urban Water Management Plan List of Abbreviations
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List of Abbreviations
AB Assembly Bill
ACS U.S. Census American Community Survey
Act Urban Water Management Planning Act
AF Acre-feet
AFY Acre-feet per year
AMI Advanced Metering Infrastructure
Annual
Assessment
Annual Demand and Supply Reliability Assessment
AWWA American Water Works Association
BMP Best management practices
Carlsbad City of Carlsbad
Carlsbad WRF Carlsbad Water Reclamation Facility
CASGEM California Groundwater Elevation Monitoring
CCF Hundred cubic feet
cfs Cubic feet per second
CII Commercial, Industrial, and Institutional
CIP Capital improvement program
City City of Carlsbad
CUWCC California Urban Water Conservation Council
CWC California Water Code
CMWD Carlsbad Municipal Water District
DAC Disadvantaged community
Delta Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta
DMM Demand Management Measure
DRA Drought Risk Assessment
DWR California Department of Water Resources
EI Energy intensity
ESP Emergency storage plan
EWA Encina Wastewater Authority
EWPCF Encina Water Pollution Control Facility
FTE Full time employee
GHG Greenhouse gas
GIS Geographic Information System
GMP Growth Management Plan
gpcd Gallons per capita per day
gpd gallons per day
gpm gallons per minute
Guidebook 2020 Urban Water Management Plans Guidebook for Urban Water Suppliers
IPR Indirect potable reuse
IRWM Integrated Regional Water Management
kWh Kilowatt hour
LWWD Leucadia Wastewater District
MG million gallons
mg/L Milligrams per liter
mgd million gallons per day
MHI Median household income
MWD Metropolitan Water District of Southern California
MWELO State of California’s Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance
NOAA National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration
NSDWRC North San Diego Water Reuse Coalition
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2020 Urban Water Management Plan List of Abbreviations
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OMWD Olivenhain Municipal Water District
Plan Urban Water Management Plan
Poseidon Poseidon Resources Corporation
QSA Quantification Settlement Agreement
RAC Regional Advisory Committee
RWMG Regional Water Management Group
RWQCB Regional Water Quality Control Board
SANDAG San Diego Association of Governments
SB Senate Bill
SBX7-7 Senate Bill X7-7 (The Water Conservation Act of 2009)
SDAC Severely disadvantaged community
SDCWA San Diego County Water Authority
SEJPA San Elijo Joint Powers Authority
SFID Santa Fe Irrigation District
SLR Sea level rise
SWP State Water Project
TAP Tri-Agency Pipeline
TDS Total Dissolved Solids
UAW Unaccounted-for water use
UWMP Urban Water Management Plan
VID Vista Irrigation District
VWD Vallecitos Water District
WELO Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance
WRF Water Recycling Facility
WSCP Water Shortage Contingency Plan
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May 2021 ES-1
Executive Summary
ES 1 Purpose and Organization
Preparation of an Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP) is required by the California Department of
Water Resources (DWR) for all urban water suppliers within the State of California. Urban water
suppliers are defined as organizations that provide water to more than 3,000 customers or that supply
more than 3,000 acre-feet (AF) of water annually. UWMPs must comply with the California Water Code
(CWC) and the Urban Water Management Planning Act (Act).
This report is the 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (2020 UWMP) for Carlsbad Municipal Water
District (CMWD), which must be adopted by CMWD’s Board of Directors and submitted to the DWR by
July 1, 2021. This 2020 UWMP meets the requirements of state law. In addition, this report includes
an analysis of long-term water supply and demand planning for CMWD. Table ES-1 includes a summary
of each section of this 2020 UWMP.
Table ES-1: Organizational Overview of the 2020 UWMP
Section Section Name Information Contained within Section
Section 1 Introduction and
Overview
· General legal requirements for 2020 UWMPs
· Local planning efforts
Section 2 Plan Preparation
· Plan preparation
· Agency coordination and outreach
· Document overview
Section 3 System
Description
· History of CMWD
· General description of CMWD’s service area
· Hydrologic and climate characteristics
· Current and projected population and demographic figures
· Description of CMWD’s water system
· Overview of potential impacts of climate change
Section 4 System Water
Use
· Overview of past water use
· Information about existing water use in 2020
· System water losses
· Water use projections through 2045
· Water demands for lower income households
Section 5 Baselines and
Targets
· Information on water conservation mandates
· Baseline gross per capita water use
· Target method
· Urban water use target for 2020
· 2020 target compliance
Section 6 Water Supplies
· Existing and projected supplies, including purchased and
imported water, desalinated water, and recycled water
· Description of planned future water projects
· Climate change impacts on supplies
· Energy intensity of water operations
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Section Section Name Information Contained within Section
Section 7 Water Supply
Reliability
· Constraints on each of CMWD’s supplies
· Projections for water supply and water demands under
normal, single dry, and multiple dry year conditions
· Drought risk assessment
Section 8
Water Shortage
Contingency
Planning
· Annual supply and demand reliability assessment procedures
· Overview of CMWD’s water shortage stages
· Prohibitions that are enacted during water shortages
· Methods for reducing water use
· Catastrophic supply interruption plan
· Shortage communication protocol
Section 9
Demand
Management
Measures
· Summary of CMWD’s demand management measures
implemented over the past five years
· Summary of future DMM implementation
Section 10
Plan Adoption,
Submittal, and
Implementation
· Summary of the plan review and notification process
· Overview of the UWMP adoption process
· Implementation of the 2020 Plan
ES 2 CMWD’s Service Area Background and Water Supplies
CMWD’s service area is in northern San Diego County, and is about 32 square miles. CMWD serves
approximately 82% of the City of Carlsbad. Olivenhain Municipal Water District (OMWD) and Vallecitos
Water District (VWD) serve the remaining southeastern portion. CMWD currently serves about 92,000
people and its population is expected to grow to almost 101,000 by 2045.
CMWD’s weather is mild. CMWD averages 11 inches of rainfall each year and temperatures are, on
average, 64 degrees in January and 75 degrees in August.
CMWD buys drinking water from the San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA). This water includes
desalinated seawater. CMWD also produces and sells recycled water. Recycled water is used for
irrigation and this reduces the amount of drinking water that is used. The recycled water is produced
by CMWD at the Carlsbad Water Reclamation Facility (WRF). CMWD purchases additional recycled
water from VWD’s Meadowlark Water Recycling Facility.
SDCWA sells water to CMWD and 23 other retail water agencies. SDCWA’s receives its water supply
from the Colorado River, Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta, and the Carlsbad desalination plant. It
purchases portions of its water from the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD).
Moving forward, CMWD plans to increase local supply reliability by continuing to work with interested
local water agencies (Olivenhain Municipal Water District, Vallecitos Water District (VWD), City of
Poway, Santa Fe Irrigation District, and San Dieguito Water District) and the Encina Wastewater
Authority (a joint powers authority) on a plan to reuse the water that is discharged into the ocean from
the Encina Water Pollution Control Facility as treated drinking water. This program is referred to as the
North County One Water Project. CMWD may also deliver more recycled water through its existing
connections in the future. However, these demands are considered conceptual at this time and are
not included in the supply forecast for this 2020 UWMP. In addition, CMWD is a member of the North
San Diego Water Reuse Coalition (NSDWRC), which consists of nine agencies who are consistently
planning for a regional recycled water system to maximize recycled water use.
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CMWD entered into an agreement in April 2016 to buy an exact amount (2,500 AFY) of desalinated
seawater from the SDCWA. This water is considered local supply and can be counted on for CMWD
customers at all times that the plant is producing water. CMWD has groundwater rights and is
continuing to monitor the benefits and costs of clarifying these rights and developing the water supply
in the future. Table ES-2 provides a summary of CMWD’s projected water supplies from the years 2025
through 2045.
Table ES-2: Summary of Projected Supplies (AFY)
Source 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
SDCWA Purchases 13,802 14,155 14,586 15,019 15,545
Seawater Desalination 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500
Recycled Water1 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
Total Water Supplies 20,520 20,873 21,304 21,737 22,263
1 Recycled Water supplies include Carlsbad WRF anticipated supply plus recycled water purchased from VWD.
ES 3 CMWD’s Current and Projected Demands
CMWD’s past water demands have varied from year to year, which is mainly because of the annual
variations in weather. All urban water suppliers throughout California were mandated by the Water
Conservation Act of 2009 (also known as SBx7-7) to reduce per person drinking water demands by
20% by the year 2020. For 2020, CMWD was required to have a per person water use of 207 gallons
per person per day, as included in the 2015 UWMP. CMWD’s actual drinking water demands for 2020
were 135 gallons per person per day, which is below the 2020 target. Reduced demands in CMWD’s
service area are likely the result of ongoing water saving programs that have been implemented in
response to SBx7-7. CMWD also reduces water waste by finding and fixing leaks.
Table ES-3 shows the baselines and targets for CMWD for compliance with SBx7-7. As shown in the
table, CMWD elected to use a 10-year baselines, from the years 1999 through 2008, inclusive.
Table ES-3: SBx7-7 Baselines and Targets for CMWD
Baseline Period Start Years End Years Average GPCD 2015 Target 2020 Target 2020 Actual
10-15 year 1999 2008 259 233 207 135
CMWD knows that ongoing conservation and increased recycled water use will reduce drinking water
demands, further lowering overall gallons per person per day. Table ES-4 summarizes CMWD’s
baseline demands, conservation, recycled water use, and overall drinking water demand projections
for years 2025 through 2045.
Table ES-4: Summary of Projected Demands (AFY)
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
A Baseline Water Use1 22,754 23,027 23,599 24,221 24,755
B Active and Passive Conservation1 2,234 2,154 2,295 2,484 2,492
C Total Projected Demands2 (A-B) 20,520 20,873 21,304 21,737 22,263
D Existing Recycled Water Use3 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
E Increase in Recycled Water Use4 -- -- -- -- --
F Total Recycled Water (D+E) 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
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May 2021 ES-4
2020 Urban Water Management Plan Executive Summary
Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft
G Total Potable Water5 (C-F) 16,302 16,655 17,086 17,519 18,045
1 Baseline water use and active/passive conservation calculated via SDCWA 2020 UWMP demand forecast.
2 Projected demands include potable and recycled water demands.
3 Existing recycled water use projected forward is based on forecasted verifiable local supply of recycled water.
4 Increased demand from expansion of recycled water system is expected to be complete by 2022, refer to
Section 6 System Supplies. Future recycled water use will offset projected potable demands. Between 2025
and 2045, expansions of recycled water system are conceptual and have not been included in projected
demands in order to be conservative about future demands on potable water. No additional feasible CMWD
recycled water system projects are expected through 2045.
5 Total Potable Water is the Projected Demands less Recycled Water Demand.
Figure ES-1 shows past and future water use, by use sector. Recycled water is also shown to provide
an overall summary of CMWD’s water supply. Future demands assume a normal rainfall year.
Figure ES-1: CMWD’s Historical, Current, and Projected Water Use
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045Water Use (AFY)Single Family Multi-Family Commercial Industrial Institutional
Agricultural Landscape Water Loss Recycled Water
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 27 of 652
May 2021 ES-5
2020 Urban Water Management Plan Executive Summary
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ES 4 CMWD’s Water Supply
Reliability
One of the key requirements to include in a
UWMP is a future supply reliability analysis that
shows the supply-demand balance in normal,
single-dry, and multiple-dry year rainfall
conditions. Consistent with SDCWA’s 2020
UWMP, CMWD projects that demands will
increase as weather gets hotter and drier
during the single-dry year and multiple-dry year
scenarios. Recycled water supplies and
CWMD’s local desalinated seawater supply
would remain steady in all rainfall scenarios
because they are both drought-proof, local
supplies. Changes in demands would change
how much water CMWD buys from SDCWA.
SDCWA and CMWD have coordinated on this
UWMP and predict that water supply will be
sufficient to meet the demand during a
drought. In the rare case that SDCWA was not
able to supply as much water to CMWD, CMWD
would know in advance and would implement
water saving measures from the Water
Shortage Contingency Plan. This plan is
detailed in this document. CMWD is confident
that it will have the ability to provide water to
customers during short or long droughts.
ES 5 Water Shortages and
Demand Management
CMWD has two ordinances in place to help
manage demands during potential water
shortages. Ordinance No. 44: Drought
Response Plan and Water Conservation
Program is CMWD’s Drought Ordinance, which
creates CMWD’s drought response levels and
water saving steps that are enacted for each
level. The higher the response level the greater
water saving measures will be enforced.
Ordinance No. 46: Water Schedules is an
amendment to CMWD’s Drought Ordinance, and revised Drought Response Levels 2 and 3 to allow
for increased flexibility for CMWD in starting water limits during these drought levels.
CWMD also participates in various public outreach and education campaigns and water savings
programs to increase water use efficiency and awareness. Staff attend community events and manage
water savings booths, as well as, visit local schools to talk to students about water resources. Water
savings resources are provided to customers at CMWD’s Water Savings Tips website
UWMPs and the Water Conservation Act of 2009:
Conservation requirements for the UWMP are based on
the Water Conservation Act of 2009 (SBX7-7). This act
mandates a 20% reduction in water use from average
(based on 10-15 year baseline), measured in GPCD
(gallons per capita per day, based on gross water use),
by 2020, with an interim target of 10% reduction by
2015. For more information, refer to:
https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Water-Use-And-
Efficiency/Urban-Water-Use-Efficiency/Urban-Water-
Management-Plans
2015/2016 Emergency Regulations: Executive Order B-
29-15 (April 2015; extended March 2016) imposed
temporary mandatory conservation aimed at achieving
25% reduction statewide from 2013 levels during the
current multi-year drought. Each water purveyor was
assigned a conservation target by the state, measured in
R-GCPD (residential gallons per capita per day, based on
residential water use). CMWD’s initial conservation
target was 28%, but was reduced to 20% due to regional
supply development. For more information, refer to:
http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/program
s/conservation_portal/emergency_regulation.shtml
2016 Extended Emergency Regulations: In May 2016,
the SWRCP adopted new emergency regulations (applies
June 2016 – January 2017) that would allow water
purveyors to identify their own temporary conservation
targets based on their ability to meet demands during
continuation of multiple dry year conditions into 2017,
2018, and 2019. For more information refer to:
http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/program
s/conservation_portal/emergency_regulation.shtml
2018 Water Conservation Legislation: In 2018,
California SB 606 and AB 1668 were enacted and expand
authority to implement a water budget-based approach
to conservation and water use efficiency. New urban
water use standards are anticipated to be in place in
2023. For more information, refer to:
https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Water-Use-And-
Efficiency/Making-Conservation-a-California-Way-of-Life
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(http://www.carlsbadca.gov/services/depts/pw/utils/water/tips.asp), which provides links to water
use calculators, WaterSmart landscaping guides, and videos on water savings. While the COVID-19
pandemic has limited staff’s ability to perform in-person education, the website and social media
information has expanded and improved. CMWD works with SDCWA on multiple water saving efforts,
including but not limited to, rain barrel rebates and discounts, smart irrigation devices rebates, a grass
replacement program, and landscape education.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 29 of 652
May 2021 1-1
Introduction and Overview
This 2020 Urban Water Management Plan (2020 UWMP) addresses the Carlsbad Municipal Water
District (CMWD) and includes descriptions of CMWD’s water supply sources, projected water demands,
and supply reliability. The 2020 UWMP presents a comparison of projected water supplies to water
demands during normal, single-dry, and five consecutive dry years. It also includes CMWD’s Water
Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP). This chapter provides an introduction to the purpose of the 2020
UWMP and an overview of the Urban Water Management Planning Act.
1.1 Background and Purpose
Water planning has become increasingly critical as California prepares for longer droughts, expected
long-term climate changes, and regulatory changes. Prior to the adoption of the Urban Water
Management Planning Act (the Act), water suppliers were not required to conduct long-term water
resources planning, which could leave agencies vulnerable to supply disruptions during periods of
drought or other supply shortages. The Act was adopted to require a minimum level of resource
assessment and planning by water suppliers in order to reduce susceptibility to supply shortages.
Water resources planning at the local level also allows for local community involvement and
consideration of unique circumstances and local conditions of the individual agency. This 2020 UWMP
is an update to CMWD’s 2015 UMWP.
1.2 Urban Water Management Planning Act
This 2020 UWMP has been prepared in accordance with the Act, as amended, California Water Code
Division 6 Part 2.55 §10608 and Part 2.6, §10610 through 10657. The Act became part of the
California Water Code with the passage of Assembly Bill 797 during the 1983–1984 regular session of
the California legislature. It requires every urban water supplier that provides water for municipal
purposes to more than 3,000 connections or supplying more than 3,000 acre-feet (AF) of water
annually to adopt and submit a plan every five years to the California Department of Water Resources
(DWR). The Act was amended in November 2009 with the adoption of Senate Bill (SB) x7-7. SBx7-7 sets
a goal of achieving a 20% reduction in urban per capita water use statewide by 2020. This 2020
UWMP demonstrates consistency with the baselines and achievement of the targets established for
SBx7-7 compliance in CMWD’s 2015 Plan. In 2018, the State adopted new water conservation
legislation Senate Bill (SB) 606 and Assembly Bill (AB) 1668. SB 606 and AB 1668 lay out a new long-
term water conservation framework that includes both urban and agricultural sectors. Among the new
requirements related to Urban Water Management Plans (UWMPs), this 2020 UWMP incorporates
additional in-depth dry year reliability and drought risk assessments, as well as new elements to the
WSCP. The Act states that urban water suppliers should make every effort to assure the appropriate
level of reliability in water service is in place to meet the needs of its various categories of customers
during normal, dry, and multiple dry years. The Act describes the required contents of the 2020 UWMP,
as well as how urban water suppliers should adopt the UWMP. This 2020 UWMP also describes
demand management measures that CMWD has implemented, or is planning to implement, which
could help address anticipated urban water use objectives that the California Water Code now requires
suppliers to develop for certain sectors by 2023.
This 2020 UWMP has been developed in accordance with the DWR draft final Urban Water
Management Plan Guidebook 2020 (2020 Guidebook), which provides guidance to agencies on how
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to include the information required under the California Water Code (CWC), as amended. In accordance
with the CWC, this Plan must be adopted and submitted to DWR by July 1, 2021.
1.3 Relation to Other Planning Efforts
Urban Water Management Plans allow for integration of information from other planning documents,
as well as regional planning efforts. This 2020 UWMP synthesizes information from CMWD’s current
planning documents and complements regional planning documents. Upon completion, the 2020
UWMP will help to inform other planning decisions, such as updates to the Carlsbad General Plan, and
can be used to establish priorities in other planning efforts. Further, the information developed for this
2020 UWMP will be used to inform and enhance the San Diego County Water Authority’s (SDCWA)
2020 Urban Water Management Plan, which provides water reliability assessment for the region’s
water wholesaler. In addition, Appendix K demonstrates consistency with the Delta Plan’s policy to
reduce reliance on Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (Delta) through the development of local supplies.
This 2020 UWMP aims to provide guidance on minimization of imported water supplies and
maximization of local water supplies, which continues to be a priority for CMWD. CMWD has increased
the use of recycled water, implemented water conservation measures, and participated in the planning
and construction of a local seawater desalination project as steps to maximize the use of local water
resources.
Relevant, related planning efforts include the following:
1. CMWD, 2019 Potable Water Master Plan – Documents existing water system facilities and
demands, identifies existing deficiencies in the system, confirms facility sizing, and
recommends a future capital improvement program (CIP) based on updated water demand
projections.
2. CMWD, 2019 Recycled Water Master Plan – Evaluates the capabilities of the existing
recycled water system, defines the most cost-effective system expansions through build-out
conditions, and develops a recycled water CIP.
3. CMWD, 2019 Utilities Asset Management Master Plan – Supports 2019 Potable Water
Master Plan with condition assessment and CIP planning with respect to asset inventory and
valuation.
4. CMWD, 2012 Phase III Recycled Water Project Feasibility Study – Identifies customer
demands and establishes the pipeline expansion segments, recycled water supply, and
appurtenances necessary for Phase III.
5. North San Diego Water Reuse Coalition (NSDWRC), 2015 Regional Recycled Water Project
Program Environmental Impact Report – Identifies infrastructure between ten water and
wastewater agencies interconnecting regional recycled water supply and distribution systems
in order to maximize water reuse capacity. In the near term, this regional project potentially
could supply additional non-potable demands of 18,808 acre-feet per year (AFY).
6. NSDWRC, Regional Recycled Water Program: 2020 Project Feasibility Study – Identifies near-
term infrastructure between nine water and wastewater agencies interconnecting regional
recycled water supply and distribution systems in order to maximize water reuse capacity.
This project would result in a total of 2,450 AFY of new recycled water deliveries and 6,610
AFY of additional recycled water production at existing treatment plants.
7. SDCWA, 2020 Urban Water Management Plan – Identifies regional water sources and
volumes for SDCWA’s service area, including supply reliability analysis of the wholesale
(imported + desalinated seawater) supply.
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8. San Diego Regional Water Management Group (RWMG), 2019 San Diego Integrated Regional
Water Management Plan – Regional effort to identify water resource issues, challenges, and
solutions within western San Diego County, with emphasis on solutions that maximize
collaboration and coordination among entities to best manage water resources.
9. City of Carlsbad (Carlsbad), Climate Action Plan – Carlsbad’s CAP was adopted in 2015 and
updated in 2020. It outlines measures, including in the areas of water and wastewater, the
Carlsbad community will take to make progress towards meeting the State of California’s
2050 GHG reduction goal.
10. City of Carlsbad, General Plan – Carlsbad’s 2015 General Plan serves as a blueprint for future
growth and development within the city. It includes a safety element that addresses seismic
conditions and risk.
11. County of San Diego, Multi-jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan – The Multi-jurisdictional
Hazard Mitigation Plan is a countywide plan that identifies risks and ways to minimize
damage by natural and manmade disasters.
1.4 Lay Description
The Executive Summary of this 2020 UWMP provides a lay description of the fundamental
determinations of the UWMP, particularly regarding water service reliability, potential issues, and
strategies for managing reliability risks.
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May 2021 2-1
Plan Preparation
Section 2 Plan Preparation addresses CWMD’s basis for preparing a UWMP and related information.
It also provides a description of how this 2020 UWMP is organized, and identifies general details
regarding CMWD and the data used for this plan.
2.1 Basis for Preparing a Plan and Agency Identification
This 2020 UWMP was prepared by CMWD. CMWD is a retail water agency that supplied 17,693 AF of
water (potable and recycled) to 91, 694 people via 30,405 connections in 2020. Of these deliveries,
3,764 AF was recycled water, serving 965 recycled water connections, while the remaining 29,440
connections received a total of 13,929 AF potable water. Approximately 605 AF were lost as
unmetered water. Unmetered water includes real losses, defined as physical water losses such as
leaks, and apparent losses, which include “paper losses” or water lost through inaccurate measuring
or recording.
This 2020 UWMP was prepared as an individual plan in coordination with appropriate agencies. This
chapter provides descriptions of agency coordination, public participation, Plan adoption, and Plan
organization. Table 2-1, Table 2-2, and Table 2-3 provide information on CMWD as a retail water
agency and its water system, and how data will be reported throughout the 2020 UWMP.
Table 2-1: Public Water System
DWR Table 2-1 Retail: Public Water Systems
Public Water
System Number Public Water System Name
Number of Municipal
Connections 2020
Volume of Water
Supplied 2020
(AFY)
CA3710005 Carlsbad Municipal Water District 29,440 13,929
NOTES: This table only reflects potable water connections and deliveries. CMWD’s recycled water system has 965
connections and supplied 3,764 AF in 2020.
Table 2-2: Plan Identification
DWR Table 2-2: Plan Identification
Select Only
One Type of Plan Name of RUWMP or Regional Alliance
if applicable
Individual UWMP
Water Supplier is also a
member of a RUWMP
Water Supplier is also a
member of a Regional Alliance
Regional Urban Water Management Plan
(RUWMP)
NOTES: CMWD is a member agency of the San Diego County Water Authority.
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Table 2-3: Supplier Identification
DWR Table 2-3: Supplier Identification
Type of Supplier (select one or both)
Supplier is a wholesaler
Supplier is a retailer
Fiscal or Calendar Year (select one)
UWMP Tables are in calendar years
UWMP Tables are in fiscal years
Units of measure used in UWMP*
Unit AF
* Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain
consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-
3.
2.2 Agency Coordination
The Act requires CMWD to coordinate the preparation of its plan with other appropriate agencies in
the area, including other water suppliers that share a common source, water management agencies,
and relevant public agencies, to the extent practicable. While preparing the 2020 UWMP, CMWD
attended workshops conducted by DWR to discuss the requirements of the Act and attended meetings
with SDCWA, CMWD’s wholesale water supplier. SDCWA’s 2020 Urban Water Management Plan
should be consulted for details regarding CMWD’s wholesale water supplies. Table 2-4 identifies
SDCWA as CMWD’s wholesale water supplier, with whom CMWD has coordinated on its supply and
demand evaluations.
Table 2-4: Water Supplier Information Exchange
DWR Table 2-4 Retail: Water Supplier Information Exchange
The retail supplier has informed the following wholesale supplier(s) of projected
water use in accordance with CWC 10631.
Wholesale Water Supplier Name
San Diego County Water Authority
CMWD worked closely with the City of Carlsbad’s Community and Economic Development Department
in the preparation and review of 2020 UWMP elements. In preparing the recycled water elements of
this 2020 UWMP, CMWD consulted with the agencies responsible for the existing and potential
sources of recycled water in northern San Diego County, including Vallecitos Water District (VWD),
Leucadia Wastewater District (LWWD), Encina Wastewater Authority (EWA), City of Escondido, City of
Oceanside, Olivenhain Municipal Water District (OMWD), Rincon del Diablo Municipal Water District
(Rincon), San Elijo Joint Powers Authority (SEJPA), and Santa Fe Irrigation District (SFID). Table 2-5
provides a summary of CMWD’s coordination with the appropriate agencies.
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Table 2-5: Coordination with Appropriate Agencies
Organization/Agency Name
Level of Participation
Sent 60-Day Notice of
2020 UWMP update and
Public Hearing
Contacted for
Assistance
City of Carlsbad X X
City of Encinitas X
City of Escondido X
City of Oceanside X
City of San Diego X
City of San Marcos X
City of Vista X
County of San Diego X
Encina Wastewater Authority X X
Leucadia Wastewater District X X
Metropolitan Water District of Southern
California X
Olivenhain Municipal Water District X
Rincon del Diablo Municipal Water District X
San Diego Association of Governments X X
San Diego County Water Authority X X
San Diego Local Area Formation
Commission X
San Elijo Joint Powers Authority X
Santa Fe Irrigation District X
Vallecitos Water District X X
City of San Marcos Planning Department X
San Diego Local Agency Formation
Commission X
Vista Community Development Department X
City of Oceanside Planning Department
San Dieguito Water District X
2.3 Public Participation
CMWD encouraged community and public involvement in the 2020 UWMP. CMWD has scheduled a
public hearing for June 8, 2021, that will provide an opportunity for CMWD’s customers (including
social, cultural, and economic community groups) to learn about the water supply situation and plans
to continue to provide a reliable water supply for the future. The hearing is an opportunity for people
to ask questions regarding the 2020 UWMP and Water Shortage Contingency Plan and will include
discussion of 2020 per capita water use.
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A 60-day notice of the public hearing was provided to San Diego County and adjacent cities and other
entities on March 26, 2021. The notification list is included in Appendix A.
Public hearing notifications are scheduled to be published in the San Diego Union Tribune on May 25
and June 1, 2021. In addition, CMWD customers were noticed of plan availability with a message on their
utility bills in May. A copy of the draft 2020 UWMP will be made available for public review on the City of
Carlsbad’s website at www.carlsbadca.gov 30 days before the public hearing. Due to the COVID-19
emergency, no hard copies were made available for review at City offices. A copy of the draft Notice of
Public Hearing will be included in Appendix A in the final UWMP. This Plan is expected to be adopted
by the Board of Directors on June 8, 2021. A copy of the adoption resolution will be provided in
Appendix B.
The 2020 UWMP will be submitted to DWR, the California State Library, and San Diego County within
30 days after adoption. The 2020 UWMP will be available for public review on the City of Carlsbad’s
website (www.carlsbadca.gov) within 30 days after filing a copy of the 2020 UWMP with DWR. The
CMWD shall implement the adopted 2020 UWMP in accordance with the schedule described in this
UWMP.
2.4 Plan Organization
Section 1 provides an overview of the background and purpose of the Urban Water Management
Planning Act and the 2020 UWMP. Section 2 describes the plan preparation process and plan
organization. Section 3 provides a description of the service area, climate, and water system. Section
4 presents historical and projected water use and demands. Section 5 presents the baselines targets,
and demonstration of achievement of the 2020 target required by SBx7-7. Section 6 describes
CMWD’s water supplies. Section 7 provides an assessment of local and regional water supply
reliability. Section 8 discusses water shortage contingency planning. Section 9 presents demand
management measures. Section 10 discusses the plan adoption, submittal and implementation
process. The appendices provide relevant supporting documents.
DWR has provided a checklist of the items that must be addressed in each UWMP based upon the Act.
This checklist makes it simple to identify exactly where in the UWMP each item has been addressed.
The checklist was completed for this 2020 UWMP and is provided in Appendix C. It references the
sections and page numbers where the specific items can be found. A copy of all the required DWR
tables has been provided as Appendix D. CMWD has elected to include additional tables in various
chapters to provide clarity and support chapter narratives. Throughout this 2020 UWMP, tables are
numbered sequentially, with tables containing information addressed in the required DWR tables
indicated in the dark blue header row of the given table:
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 36 of 652
May 2021 3-1
System Description
This section describes CMWD’s service area and water system, including climate and water supply
infrastructure.
3.1 Description of Service Area
CMWD covers an area of 20,682 acres, approximately 32 square miles, and provides potable and
recycled water supply to most of the City of Carlsbad (the City or Carlsbad). CMWD’s boundary, which
defines the Study Area for this 2020 UWMP, is shown in Figure 3-1.
CMWD supplies potable water within its service area and currently receives 82% of its potable water
supply from SDCWA. The remaining 18% of CMWD’s potable supply is purchased desalinated seawater
from the Carlsbad Desalination Plant, delivered via SDCWA infrastructure, and is considered a local
supply. The potable water distribution system consists of 455 miles of pipeline, 71 major pressure
regulating stations, three pump stations, and nine reservoirs. CMWD also has an extensive recycled
water distribution system. CMWD supplies recycled water from two supply sources, which include 95
miles of pipeline, six pressure zones, three storage tanks, four pumping stations, and four pressure
regulating stations. Sanitary sewer collection service within the CMWD service area is provided by City
of Carlsbad and LWWD. Wastewater treatment is provided by EWA through the EWPCF, located in
Carlsbad. Tertiary treatment and recycled water production are provided by CWMD’s Carlsbad Water
Recycling Facility (WRF) and Meadowlark Treatment Facility.
Key water users within CMWD’s service area are residential, which represented 53% of total demands
in 2020, and commercial, which accounted for 12% of total demands in 2020. Carlsbad’s housing
stock composition consists primarily of single-family homes, with some multi-family and mobile homes.
Single-family residences generally contain larger landscaped areas, predominantly planted in turf, and
require more water for outdoor application in comparison to other types of housing. The general
characteristics of multi-family and mobile homes limit their outdoor landscaping and water use,
although some condominium and apartment developments contain green belt areas. Commercial
users in CMWD’s service area include offices and commercial centers, which have limited outdoor
water use, but also include hotels, resorts, golf courses, and other tourism and recreational facilities.
As described below, Carlsbad’s visitor rates are often equal to or higher than its residential population
in a given month. Additional information regarding these key users, along with other important water
use sectors, is included in Section 4 System Demands.
3.1.1 Agency Organizational Structure
CMWD is a subsidiary district of the City of Carlsbad. The City was incorporated in 1952, and the assets
of the two previous water suppliers for the Carlsbad area were purchased by the City in 1957. CMWD
was initially formed in 1954 to facilitate the transfer of imported water to the unincorporated areas
surrounding the City and to provide wholesale water to the newly formed City. In 1983, the City
conveyed all of its functional water responsibilities for the provision of water service to CMWD. In 1990,
CMWD became a subsidiary district to the City of Carlsbad. The five-member Carlsbad City Council
governs CMWD and acts as CMWD’s Board of Directors. CMWD’s service area covers approximately
82% of the incorporated City (CMWD, 2019a). Additional history of water services within CMWD’s
service area is provided in Section 3.2 Water System Background, below.
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2020 Urban Water Management Plan System Description
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Figure 3-1: Carlsbad Municipal Water District Service Area
<<full-page pdf will be inserted in UWMP pdf>>
±Figure Exported: 3/31/2021 By: mstine Using: \\woodardcurran.net\shared\Projects\0011767.00 CMWD 2020 UWMP\wip\04_GIS\CMWD_2020UWMP.aprx Layout: Fig. 3-1Project #: 0011767.00Map Created: October 2020
0 0.04 0.090.02 MilesLegendCarlsbad Municipal
Water District
Service Area
Third Party GIS Disclaimer: This map is for reference and graphical purposes only and should not be relied upon by third parties for any legal decisions.Any reliance upon the map or data contained herein shall be at the users’ sole risk.
Carlsbad Municipal WaterDistrict
City of Carlsbad
Olivenhain Municipal WaterDistrict
Vallecitos Water District
Leucadia Wastewater District
San Diego County WaterAuthority Aqueducts
Local City Boundaries
Waterbody
River
Vista
San Marcos
Encinitas
Oceanside
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3.1.2 Service Area Climate
Carlsbad’s climate is characteristically Mediterranean with mild temperatures year-round. This mild
climate is derived equally from the warm ocean water being pulled north from Mexico and from its
subtropical, semi-desert locale. The result is temperatures with an average high of 64 degrees in
January and 75 degrees in August, with an average annual rainfall of about 11 inches. Data from the
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration’s (NOAA) climate station at the McClellan Palomar
Airport shows that both 2020 mean temperatures and total precipitation were above normal
(calculated for the 30-year period 1981 to 2010). There was also a shift in the precipitation pattern in
2020 from normal, with higher rainfall in the spring months than normal, and lower rainfall in the
winter months. The months of September through February can bring warm wind from the desert called
a “Santa Ana.” Occurring about 10 days out of the year, these winds typically bring hot and dry
conditions, which can spread and worsen wildfires (CMWD, 2019a). Figure 3-2 provides a comparison
of 2020 precipitation and mean monthly temperatures with normal climate, as recorded at the
McClellan Palomar Airport. A detailed discussion of potential climate change impacts to CMWD’s
service area is provided in Section 3.4 Climate Change, below.
Figure 3-2: Comparison of 2020 Climate to Normal for Carlsbad, California
Source: NOAA, 2016 and National Weather Service, 2021
3.1.3 Population and Demographics
To accurately project CMWD's future water demands and water use characteristics, future population
and growth trends are essential. The population projections presented in Table 3-1 were developed
using San Diego Association of Government (SANDAG)’s Series 14 Regional Growth Forecast, Version
17 (Interim Series 14) for CMWD’s service area. A secondary analysis was completed to confirm the
SANDAG projection, comparing the Interim Series 14 estimates with U.S. Census American Community
Survey (ACS) five-year estimates for population and the 2015 UWMP population estimates. In the most
recent ACS five-year estimate (2014-2018), the City recorded a population of 111,717 people, while
a Geographical Information System (GIS) analysis of population data by census block found CMWD’s
service area included 86,993 people (77.9% of the City’s population). CMWD has therefore assumed
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70
80
0.00
1.00
2.00
3.00
4.00
5.00
6.00
7.00
Mean Temperature (°F)Precipitation (inches)2020 Precipitation Normal Precipitation
2020 Mean Monthly Temperature Normal Mean Monthly Temperature
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its population is approximately 77.9% of the City of Carlsbad. This baseline population projection was
then adjusted to consider additional planned developments not accounted for in Interim Series 14.
The City provided additional planned development data from November 2017 through May 2020. The
estimated population associated with these additional development housing units was added to the
baseline population to determine CMWD’s total population.
Table 3-1: CMWD’s Service Area Population – Current and Projected
DWR Table 3-1 Retail: Population - Current and Projected
Population Served 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045(opt)
91,694 96,371 98,359 98,760 99,119 100,809
NOTES: Projections used 2018 ACS 5-year estimate data (77.9% of City of Carlsbad population) and 2020-2045
projections from SANDAG Interim Series 14 for CMWD service area. Population was adjusted up to account for
additional planned development approved from November 2017 to May 2020, which was not included in Interim
Series 14.
Water use in CMWD’s service area is closely linked to the local economy, population, and weather.
Over the last half century, a prosperous local economy has stimulated population growth, which in turn
produced a relatively steady increase in water demand. However, fluctuating economic and weather
conditions in the 1990s and lingering effects from the 1987-1992 drought resulted in deviations from
historic demand patterns. By 1999, a new combination of natural population increases, and job
creation surfaced as the primary drivers of water consumption increases. The recession that started
in 2008 brought an increase in unemployment and decrease in housing prices that dampened
population growth and water use. In addition, CMWD adopted a residential tiered water rate in July
2009 which further dampened demand by the residential population. Current demand trends are
lower than the long-term average prior to 2015. This was a result of drought response measures and
State-mandated water use cutbacks in 2015 and 2016. The current COVID-19 pandemic has resulted
in increased unemployment and work-from-home patterns that may result in additional long-term
socioeconomic changes for the region. For example, Carlsbad may experience an increase in people
relocating to the region from larger metro areas in order to work-from-home in a location where they
can afford a larger living space. As described in Section 4 System Demands, CMWD’s service area is
host to a substantial tourist and temporary population throughout the year, with overnight guests in
the City of Carlsbad ranging between approximately 75,000 and 199,000 people per month. In 2017,
the City had an estimated 2.3 million overnight guests based on transient occupancy tax data. Water
use is further described in Section 4 System Demands and Section 5 Baselines and Targets.
The City of Carlsbad has a median household income (MHI) of $107,172 (in 2018 dollars) and a
poverty rate of 5.7%. About 23% of the population is under 18 years of age and 17% is over 65 years
of age. Of the City’s population that is 25 years of age or older, 95.2% have a high school degree or
higher, with 59.6% obtaining a bachelor’s degree or higher. About 73% of the population identify as
Non-Hispanic white, 14.3% identify as Hispanic or Latino, 8.3% identify as Asian, and 4.6% identify as
other or a mix of two or more races (US Census, 2020). Of the City service area, about 2% is defined
as disadvantaged communities (DACs), areas with an average MHI less than 80% of the statewide MHI
of $71,228. Of these DAC areas, about 20% are considered severely disadvantaged communities
(SDACs), defined as having an average MHI less than 60% of the statewide MHI (see Figure 3-3).
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Figure 3-3: Disadvantaged Communities within the CMWD Service Area
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Map Created: Novem b er 202000.55 1.10.275 MilesLegendCMWD DAC Analysis
Th ird P arty GIS Disclaim er: Th is m ap is for reference and graph ical pu rposes only and sh ou ld not b e relied u pon by th ird parties for any legal decisions. Any reliance u pon th e m ap or data contained h erein sh all b e at th e u sers’ sole risk. Data Sources:
Severely Disadvantaged Com m u nities (MHI<$42,737)
Disadvantaged Com m u nities ($42,737 < MHI < $56,982)
CMW D Service Area
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3.1.4 Existing and Future Development
The City’s 2015 General Plan Update identifies current land uses, including residential, commercial
and industrial, public and quasi-public uses, parks and recreation, agriculture, open space or natural
areas, and vacant land. The remaining land is right-of-way (City of Carlsbad, 2015). Approximately
1,220 acres, or 5% of the City is currently undeveloped vacant properties, of which about 80% is within
the CMWD service area. These vacant properties are anticipated to be developed in the future (CMWD,
2019a). Table 3-2 provides a summary of the land use classifications and the total acres within the
City of Carlsbad.
Table 3-2: Land Use Classifications within City of Carlsbad
Land Use Classification City Acres1
Percent of
City of
Carlsbad
Percent of
CMWD2
Residential 7,054 28% 26%
Commercial and Industrial 2,269 9% 13%
Public and Quasi-Public Uses 1,417 6% 8%
Parks and Open Space 8,293 33% 32%
Agriculture 568 2% 3%
Rights-of-Way 4,213 17% 14%
Vacant 1,220 5% 3%
1. City of Carlsbad 2015
2. CMWD 2019a
The City has maintained a Growth Management Plan (GMP) and Growth Database since 1986 to
monitor development within the city and to ensure that adequate facilities are constructed in an orderly
manner to support future growth. The City prepared an updated annual GMP Monitoring Report, in
May 2017. The City’s General Plan estimates buildout at 51,821 housing units by 2035, or nearly 95%
of the maximum allowed under the Growth Management Plan. The majority (80%) of this growth is
projected to occur within the Northwest and Northeast quadrants of the City, both of which lie within
CMWD’s service area (City of Carlsbad, 2015). These developments are in various stages of planning,
design, and construction. Additional growth within the City includes “in-fill” or redevelopment projects
in the older portions of the City (CMWD, 2019a). In addition, future growth within the City may reflect
recent Statewide regulations to relax restrictions on accessory dwelling units (e.g., SB 13 and AB 68).
These development patterns are accounted for in the SANDAG growth forecasts that were relied upon
in this 2020 UWMP.
Existing land uses within the CMWD service area are primarily residential and parks and open space,
with a mix of agricultural, light industrial, and commercial. Additionally, a county airport, tourist
attractions such as Legoland, and a mix of resorts are located within CMWD’s service area. Residential
uses make up approximately 26% and parks and open space make up approximately 32%. Vacant
land makes up approximately 3% of CMWD’s service area.
SANDAG’s Series 13 Growth Forecast is used to analyze land projections within CMWD’s service area.
Interim Series 14 land use data were not available at the time this 2020 UWMP was prepared.
According to SANDAG’s Series 13 Growth Forecast land use projections, 1,038 acres were anticipated
to be developed within CMWD’s service area between 2015 and 2040. The bulk of this development
was expected to increase single-family, industrial, and commercial land; a decrease would occur in
agricultural land. Although some land uses were anticipated to grow or decrease by a few hundred
acres, most land use categories were anticipated to continue to represent a similar proportion of total
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developed area within CMWD’s service area. For example, single-family residential land use is 35% of
CMWD’s developed area in 2015, and despite growing by over 700 acres between 2015 and 2040,
would only represent 38% of CMWD’s total developed area in 2040. Table 3-3 shows the projected
land uses within CMWD’s service area, as a percentage of total developed land.
Table 3-3: Projected Land Use within CMWD’s Service Area as Percentage of Developed Area
Land Use Year
2025 2030 2035 2040 20451
Agricultural 4% 3% 2% 2% 2%
Commercial 10% 11% 11% 11% 11%
Industrial 13% 14% 14% 15% 15%
Institutional 2% 2% 2% 2% 2%
Irrigation 28% 26% 26% 26% 26%
Multi-Family 4% 3% 2% 2% 2%
Single-Family 36% 37% 37% 37% 37%
Source: SANDAG, Series 13 Growth Forecast Land Use Data, CMWD Service Area. Total land use
may not equal to 100 percent because of the accuracy of updating land use. Agricultural lands that
are included in the inventory of SANDAG, Series 13 are only updated once the land becomes
developed or urbanized. Between the variability of agricultural land use and land area covered by
water, land use percentages may not show 100% coverage.
1. Assumes percentages stay constant in 2045 because the City of Carlsbad is close to buildout.
As of June 2016, CMWD contained an estimated 46,000 residential and commercial living units
(CMWD, 2019a). Projected buildout in 2035 for CMWD’s service area includes 51,821 residential
units (CMWD, 2019a). Planned development within the City of Carlsbad is anticipated to include a mix
of residential, commercial and park/open space, with a decrease in agricultural and vacant areas.
These planned developments are expected to occupy the majority of the remaining vacant land in
CMWD’s service area by 2035 (CMWD, 2019a).
3.1.5 Overview of Significant Water Uses
The primary water uses in CMWD’s service area are residential, commercial, industrial, agricultural,
and irrigation. Residential water use represents the largest water use sector for CMWD. Residential
water uses include both indoor and outdoor uses for single-family and multi-family categories.
Commercial water uses generally consist of uses necessary for business operation and, although the
commercial sector’s demand is not as large as residential, the uses are more varied. Major commercial
water uses include restaurants, car washes, laundries, hotels, as well as institutional uses including
schools and churches. Commercial water uses also encompass resorts, golf courses, Legoland, and
other tourism and recreational facilities. Industrial water uses consist of product processing,
equipment cooling, sanitation and air conditioning. Agricultural water uses are relatively minor, and
primarily consist of commercial strawberry and flower fields, and wholesale nursery operations.
Irrigation water uses fluctuate by season and primarily include the irrigation of medians, slopes and
parkways. Detailed information of CMWD’s water use sectors can be found in Section 4.1.1 Water
Uses by Sector.
3.2 Description of Water System
CMWD currently receives 100% of its potable water supply through four SDCWA treated water turnouts.
Two of the turnouts, Connections No. 6 and No. 2, are direct connections to SDCWA’s Second Aqueduct.
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Connection No. 6 supplies only CMWD, and Connection No. 2 is delivered through a VWD transmission
main. Connections No. 3 and No. 4 are on SDCWA’s Tri-Agency Pipeline (TAP), which is supplied from
the Second Aqueduct. Major water infrastructure facilities are shown in Figure 3-4.
Potable water is delivered within the CMWD service area through 455 miles of pipeline, 17 pressure
zones, 71 pressure regulating stations, three pump stations, and nine reservoirs. The CMWD water
distribution system is flexible in that supply from the four aqueduct connections can be routed to
different parts of the distribution system, as needed. The total operational storage for CMWD is 242.5
million gallons (MG),
CMWD also has an extensive recycled water distribution system, shown in Figure 6-1 in Section 6
System Supplies. CMWD supplies recycled water through two recycled water distribution systems,
which include 95 miles of pipeline, six pressure zones, three storage tanks, four pumping stations,
and four pressure regulating stations. The Carlsbad WRF capacity was recently expanded from 4.0
mgd to 7.0 mgd. CMWD supplies a majority of recycled water from the Carlsbad WRF, owned by CMWD
and operated by EWA. Finally, a portion of the eastern service area is served by a second supply fed
from VWD’s Meadowlark WRF. CMWD is currently in the process of expanding its recycled water system
with the Phase III Recycled Water Project, which will construct an additional 18 miles of recycled water
pipeline, install 143 metered service connections, and construct a 1.5 MG storage reservoir (CMWD,
2012).
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Figure 3-4: Major Water Infrastructure for CMWD’s Service Area
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SANDIEGUITO
CREEK
SAN ELIJO
VALLEY
BATIQUITOS
LAGOON
VALLEY
SANMARCOS
AREA
SANTA
MARGARITA
VALLEY
SAN
LUISREY
VALLEY
Encina WPCF
Meadowlark WRF
Gafner WRP
±Figure Exported: 3/31/2021 By: mstine Using: \\woodardcurran.net\shared\Projects\0011767.00 CMWD 2020 UWMP\wip\04_GIS\CMWD_2020UWMP.aprx Layout: Fig. 3-4Project #: 0011767.00Map Created: October 20200 1 20.5 MilesLegendMajor Water
Infrastructure
Carlsbad Municipal Water District
Third Party GIS Disclaimer: This map is for reference and graphical purposes only and should not be relied upon by third parties for any legal decisions.Any reliance upon the map or data contained herein shall be at the users’ sole risk.
Cannon Well Field
Carlsbad Desalination Plant
WWTPs/WRPs
Twin_Oaks WTP
City of Carlsbad
Leucadia Wastewater District
Olivenhain Municipal WaterDistrict
Vallecitos Water District
Carlsbad Municipal WaterDistrict
Local City Boundaries
River
Waterbody
Groundwater Basins
San Diego County WaterAuthority Aqueducts
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3.3 Water System Background
Water demands for the area were initially supplied by the privately held Carlsbad Mutual Water
Company and Terramar Water Company through the utilization of local groundwater and surface
water supplies. The Carlsbad Mutual Water Company constructed nine wells in the Mission Basin of
the San Luis Rey River, booster pumping stations, storage tanks, an earthen dam (Lake Calavera),
and transmission facilities to supply residential, commercial and agricultural users. The Terramar
Water Company constructed four wells located in Agua Hedionda Creek (referred to as the Cannon
Well Field), a second connection to the Carlsbad Mutual Water Company’s pipeline from Lake
Calavera at El Camino Real, a reservoir, plus a distribution system to supply residential, commercial,
and agricultural users.
The Carlsbad Mutual Water Company’s groundwater wells began being developed prior to 1914 with
rights to 2,382 AFY. In addition, a license was obtained (terminable by the State Division of Water
Rights, Department of Water Resources [DWR]) for another 1,000 AFY. A total of 9 wells were
eventually constructed in the Mission Basin of the San Luis Rey River located in the City of Oceanside
generally near the intersection of Mission Avenue and Foussat Road. Prior to 1942, local groundwater
was the only developed source of water for the Carlsbad Mutual Water Company.
In September 1941, Carlsbad Mutual Water Company completed construction of an earthen dam
(Calavera Dam), which captured local surface water runoff creating Lake Calavera. Lake Calavera also
included a 2 million gallons per day (mgd) water filtration plant. A permit to divert 150 AFY from
Calavera Creek was also obtained.
The Cannon Well Field’s four wells were constructed beginning in 1950 and are located at and around
the Rancho Carlsbad Golf Course property. The groundwater pumped from these wells was the original
supply for the Terramar Water Company and had a safe yield capacity estimated at 400 AFY. This
groundwater was obtained from the Carlsbad hydrologic unit of the San Diego Region, a designation
assigned by DWR. The four wells remain but are in a state of disrepair and will need to eventually be
removed and new replacement wells constructed. CMWD does not currently pump groundwater with
these wells.
The City of Carlsbad was
incorporated in 1952, and the
assets of the Carlsbad Mutual
Water Company and Terramar
Water Company were purchased
by the City of Carlsbad in an
agreement dated August 30,
1957. The City operated and
maintained both water systems
from 1958 to 1962.
CMWD was formed in 1954 as a
vehicle to bring imported water to
the unincorporated areas
surrounding the City of Carlsbad
and to wholesale water to the
newly formed City of Carlsbad.
CMWD’s first meeting was held
on March 22, 1954, and CMWD
became a member of SDCWA
CMWD’s 8.5 MG D3 Reservoir
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that same year. CMWD began receiving imported water deliveries in 1955 through existing aqueduct
connections located in the City of Escondido. CMWD constructed a pipeline in 1956 to convey imported
water directly to the City of Carlsbad and unincorporated areas within CMWD’s service area. In 1962,
CMWD constructed Maerkle Dam (previously called Squires Dam) with a capacity of 600 AF in the Agua
Hedionda Basin. CMWD also obtained a permit for surface water rights tributary to Maerkle Dam in
the amount of 25 AFY.
As demands for water increased, seawater intrusion into the groundwater supply resulted in the
gradual degradation of groundwater quality in the Mission Basin of San Luis Rey River. The total
dissolved solids (TDS) content of the groundwater in the Mission Basin increased to the point where
treatment would be required. At the same time, lower-cost imported water became available through
CMWD. As a result of the availability of this alternative supply of water, the City of Carlsbad ceased
extracting groundwater and suspended use of local surface water supplies by the end of 1962. As a
result, the water filtration plant at Lake Calavera was dismantled because of regulations requiring that
surface waters be fully treated prior to introduction into a potable water system. The cost to construct
facilities to treat the small amount of infrequently occurring surface water was determined to be much
greater than the comparable cost of imported water. The Mission Basin wells were beyond repair and
subsequently removed by 2005, in accordance with California Department of Public Health
requirements.
In an agreement dated May 25, 1983, the City of Carlsbad conveyed all its functional water
responsibilities for the provision of water service to CMWD, including all the water facilities and
groundwater and surface water rights purchased from Carlsbad Mutual Water Company and Terramar
Water Company in 1957. This included all existing water facilities and responsibility for planning,
financing, and construction of all major capital facilities necessary to provide potable water service
within CMWD and portions of the City of Carlsbad not located in other retail water service agencies.
On January 1, 1990, CMWD became a subsidiary district of the City of Carlsbad through an agreement
between both agencies approved by the City Council on April 25, 1989. From 1979 until joining with
the City as a subsidiary district, CMWD was known as the Costa Real MWD. The Carlsbad City Council
acting as CMWD’s Board of Directors governs CMWD. CMWD’s current water supplies consist of treated
water purchased from SDCWA, local potable desalinated water received with SDCWA blended supplies,
and recycled water. In April 2016, CMWD’s Board approved an agreement to purchase 2,500 AF of
desalinated seawater from SDCWA, which is blended along with the purchased water provided to all
member agencies. SDCWA’s supply mix includes desalinated seawater, imported water purchased
from MWD (treated at MWD’s Skinner Filtration Plant in Riverside County), and through purchase
agreements and exchanges with other agencies. SDCWA supplies delivered to CWMD are also treated
at SDCWA’s Twin Oaks Water Treatment Plant in San Marcos and conveyed to CMWD through SDCWA
aqueducts.
3.4 Climate Change
Climate change is anticipated to result in higher temperatures, changes in precipitation, and
decreased water supplies, all of which are currently affecting and expected to continue to affect
Carlsbad. Impacts of climate change include increased water demand, increased risk of wildfire, a
greater number of extremely hot days, and the decline or loss of plant and animal species. Climate
change also has associated public health impacts. City residents who are already more vulnerable to
health challenges are likely to be the most affected by climate change. These vulnerable populations
tend to be the young and the old, the poor, and those who are already sick. Increases in extreme heat
events can increase the risk of heat-related illness or death, or the worsening of chronic health
conditions. Food scarcity and higher food prices from climate change impacts on agriculture can cause
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increased hunger and reduced availability of nutrition. The increased frequency of natural disasters
such as floods, droughts, wildfires, and storm surges can cause injury or death, illness, and increases
or shifts in infectious diseases (City of Carlsbad, 2020).
3.4.1 Climate Action Plan and Energy Intensity of Water System
The City of Carlsbad adopted a Climate Action Plan in 2015, which was recently revised in 2020 (City
of Carlsbad, 2020). The Climate Action Plan in part identifies actions to reduce the City’s greenhouse
gas (GHG) emissions that contribute to climate change. Government operations, including CMWD’s
operations, produce 1.2% of the City’s GHG emissions. According to the inventory of government
operations summarized in the Climate Action Plan, which was conducted in 2011 and used in the
2015 Climate Action Plan and 2020 update, CMWD’s operation and maintenance activities were
estimated to use 189,440 kilowatt hour (kWh) electricity and 86 terms of natural gas, or 2% and less
than 0.01% of the government operations energy demands, respectively, for buildings. Water and
wastewater transport (conveyance and distribution system) used over 2.3 million kWh in 2011, or 10%
of the entire government operations emissions (0.12% of citywide emissions). The Climate Action Plan
identifies actions to reduce GHG emissions, including those presented in Table 3-4, which are GHG
reduction actions associated with water and wastewater facilities and operations. A detailed
discussion of energy intensity of CMWD’s 2020 supplies is provided in Section 6 System Supplies.
In addition, the City Council approved a Settlement Agreement in 2017 regarding the Climate Action
Plan that states under Section 4.3.11 that, “The City shall address water supply and demand
considerations, including a discussion of groundwater and recycled water supplies (to include
greywater), in its 2020 Urban Water Management Plan, shall continue its involvement in the North San
Diego Water Reuse Coalition, and shall continue to monitor the development of the San Diego
Integrated Regional Water Management (IRWM) Program Storm Water Capture Feasibility Study
(SWCFS) and evaluate for methods and best practices by which to pursue storm water reuse projects
in the future.” Refer to Chapter 6 for additional details.
Table 3-4: Water- and Wastewater-Related GHG Emissions Reduction Measures
Included in 2020 Climate Action Plan
Goal Action
Reduce intensity of GHG emissions
from water utilities (including water
supply, wastewater, and recycled water)
conveyance, treatment, and distribution
by 8% by 2035
Improve water utilities (including water supply,
wastewater, and recycled water) conveyance, treatment
and distribution, and other system improvements (e.g.,
replace sewer lift stations with gravity pipelines; increase
utilization of methane capture and cogeneration; expand
recycled water distribution system)
Encourage installation of greywater and
rainwater collection systems with a goal
of 15% of homes by 2035
Work with water wholesaler to promote rainwater
collection systems.
Created a design reference manual, or provide links to an
existing one, for the design of greywater and rainwater
collection systems
Evaluate the feasibility of offering a rebate for residential
greywater systems that require a permit to cover the cost
of obtaining a permit
Source: City of Carlsbad, 2020.
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3.4.2 Climate Change Vulnerability Analysis
As an agency with limited local water supplies and located in a coastal area that could be subject to
impacts from sea level rise, climate change is of concern to CMWD. CMWD is an active participant in
the San Diego Integrated Regional Water Management (IRWM) Program, having been a member of the
Regional Advisory Committee (RAC) since 2013. In 2019, the IRWM Program completed an update of
the San Diego IRWM Plan (RWMG, 2019), which collated regional water management information and
identified water management priorities for the region. A Climate Change Vulnerability Analysis,
completed in the 2013 plan, was included in the San Diego IRWM Plan (refer to Section 7 and
Appendix 7-D of the San Diego IRWM Plan). While this analysis evaluated climate change
vulnerabilities and identified priorities and actions for the region as a whole, it generally corresponds
closely with CMWD’s individual vulnerabilities, priorities, and potential actions.
The San Diego region anticipates experiencing temperature increases, sea level rise, changes to
precipitation patterns, increased storm and wildfire intensity, and increased energy demand. Table 3-
5 presents the potential climate change impacts to the San Diego region, as presented in the San
Diego IRWM Plan Climate Change Vulnerability Analysis. Regional climate change vulnerabilities that
are applicable to CMWD and its service area are presented in Table 3-6, and include decreased
imported supplies, sensitivity due to higher drought potential, damage to coastal areas and inundation
of storm drains and sewer systems from sea level rise, and decreases in available habitat for native
species. Table 3-6 has been modified from the version in the San Diego IRWM Plan to reflect specific
vulnerabilities for CMWD.
Table 3-5: Potential Impacts of Climate Change on the San Diego Region
Impact Effect1
Temperature 1.5°F to 4.5°F average temperature increase
Rainfall Variable projections predict between 35% drier and 17% wetter
Increase in variability between years
Supply
Up to 25% decrease in State Water Project (SWP) supply
Up to 20% decrease in Colorado River supply
164,000 acre-feet per year shortfall in imported supply
Demand Potential 0.6% to 1.8% increase in demand by 2035
Sea level rise 12 to 18 inch rise in mean sea level rise
Wildfires 40% increase in California Coastal Shrub acreage burned in Southwestern U.S.
54% increase in overall acreage burned in Western U.S.
1 Effects are described to the year 2050, unless otherwise noted
Source: RWMG, 2019.
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Table 3-6: Prioritized Climate Change Vulnerability Issues for CMWD’s Service Area
Priority Level Category and Vulnerability Issue
Very High Water Supply: Decrease in imported supply
High
Water Supply: Sensitivity due to higher drought potential
Water Quality: Increased constituent concentrations
Flooding: Increases in flash flooding and inundation (extreme weather)
Ecosystem/Habitat: Decrease in available necessary habitat
Sea Level Rise: Inundation of storm drains and sewer systems
Ecosystem/Habitat: Decrease in ecosystem services
Medium
Water Demand: Industrial demand would increase
Water Quality: Increase in treatment cost
Sea Level Rise: Damage to coastal recreation / tourism due to inundation
Sea Level Rise: Decrease in land
Sea Level Rise: Damage to ecosystem/habitat
Low
Water Demand: Crop demand would increase
Water Demand: Limited ability to conserve further
Water Quality: Increased eutrophication
Flooding: Increases in inland flooding
Ecosystem/Habitat: Increased impacts to coastal species
Very Low
Water Demand: Limited ability to meet summer demand
Water Supply: Invasive species can reduce supply available
Water Quality: Decrease in recreational opportunity
Ecosystem/habitat: Decrease in environmental flows
Source: Adapted from RWMG, 2019.
Following identification and prioritization of regional climate change vulnerabilities, the San Diego
IRWM Plan Climate Change Vulnerability Analysis identified and prioritized strategies to mitigate and
adapt to the identified vulnerabilities. These strategies were grouped into Tier 1, 2, and 3, which
represent actions that are recommended to implement first, second, and third, based on ease,
effectiveness, and contribution to reducing GHG emissions. Table 3-7 presents the Tier 1 strategies
that are applicable to CMWD. A complete list of strategies is provided in Appendix E, along with the
vulnerability indicator question assessment completed for the Climate Change Vulnerability Analysis.
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Table 3-7: Tier 1 Climate Change Management Strategies Relevant to CMWD and its Service Area
Strategy Description
Reduce Water Demand
Urban water use efficiency
Technological and behavioral improvements that decrease
indoor and outdoor residential, commercial, industrial and
institutional water use.
Education
Implement outreach program to educate urban and
agricultural water users in water demand reduction
practices.
Gray water use Implement gray water use systems to reduce water supply
demand.
Rainfed agriculture Transfer crop consumptive use to be supplied directly by
rainfall.
Improve Operational Efficiency/Transfers
Conveyance - Regional/local Improvements to regional and local conveyance facilities
that improve conveyance capacity, if needed.
System Reoperation
Change existing operation and management procedures
for existing reservoirs and conveyance facilities to
increase water related benefits from these facilities.
Increase Water Supply
Recycled Municipal Water
Increase supply of recycled water through additional
wastewater treatment, and/or expand conveyance of
recycled water to end users.
Economic Incentives (Loans, Grants,
Water Pricing)
Provide incentives such as financial assistance, water
pricing, and water market policies intended to influence
water management.
Water-dependent recreation protection
Incorporate planning for water-dependent recreation
activities and implement projects that protect/create water-
dependent recreation opportunities.
Sea Level Rise
Building water facilities in coordination
with land use/sea level rise planning
Integrate water/wastewater resources planning with land
use/sea level rise planning.
Source: Adapted from RWMG, 2019.
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System Water Use
This section addresses current and projected system water use for CMWD’s service area. System water
use consists of water used by CMWD, water sold to others, and additional water uses and losses. Tables
4-1 and 4-6 present the current (2020) and projected (through 2045) potable water sales, respectively,
including demands from low-income households. CMWD’s demand projections presented in this
section meet CMWD’s gallons per capita per day (gpcd) demand targets that are described in Section
5 Baselines and Targets. This section also discusses unconstrained demand in the context of the
water supply reliability assessment. Figure 4-1 shows historical, current, and projected water use
within CMWD’s service area by use type. Note that non-potable recycled water use is included.
Figure 4-1: Historical, Current, and Projected Water Use (AFY)
4.1 Existing Water Use and Demands
Existing water use and demands are based on metering data for calendar year 2020. Water use
consists of water used by CMWD, and additional water uses and losses. Table 4-1 presents the current
potable and non-potable water sales by customer sector for 2020. In addition to potable water, CMWD
also provides recycled water to some of its customers. Current and projected recycled water demands
are summarized with a detailed discussion of CMWD’s recycled water supplies and demands in
Section 6 System Supplies.
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
2005 2010 2015 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045Water Use (AFY)Single Family Multi-Family Commercial Industrial Institutional
Agricultural Landscape Water Loss Recycled Water
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Table 4-1: 2020 Demands for Potable and Non-Potable Water (AFY)
DWR Table 4-1 Retail: Demands for Potable and Non-Potable Water - Actual
Use Type
2020 Actual
Level of Treatment When
Delivered
Volume
(AFY)
Single Family Drinking Water 7,694
Multi-Family Drinking Water 1,752
Commercial Drinking Water 2,066
Industrial Drinking Water 19
Institutional Drinking Water 102
Agricultural Drinking Water 163
Landscape Drinking Water 1,530
Water Losses Drinking Water 605
Landscape Non-Potable Water 3,764
TOTAL 17,693
NOTES: CMWD does not serve raw water to customers; all non-recycled water is potable. Actual
potable water demands are based on CMWD’s 2020 billing data and the AWWA water loss audit
(refer to Appendix F for the complete audit). The AWWA water loss audit was completed for FY2020
as the most recent water loss data available, while billing data are reported in calendar year. CMWD’s
temporary potable meters billing category was incorporated into the Single Family use type, while the
fire protection billing category was incorporated into the Institutional/Governmental use type for
consistency with demand projection categories for 2025 through 2045. Non-potable landscape
represents recycled water demands, which may include agricultural, commercial, irrigation, and
industrial customers. Recycled water demands also includes temporary recycled water meters.
4.1.1 Water Use by Sector
CMWD’s potable water system serves water to four major sectors: 1) Residential (single family and
multi-family); 2) Commercial/Industrial/Institutional (CII) (reported as three separate sectors);
3) Agricultural; and 4) Landscape. A brief description of each sector and factors affecting their water
use is provided here. In addition to the four major sectors, tourism and temporary residents create a
substantial demand for water within CMWD’s service area. These temporary population increases
affect demands, but their impacts are not always captured to their true extent in reported metrics. A
brief narrative of the tourism sector, captured in CII demands, in CMWD’s service area is provided
below. Table 4-1 presents current potable water demands of these sectors in 2020.
Demand projections presented in this 2020 UWMP are based on San Diego Association of
Governments’ (SANDAG’s) Series 14 Regional Growth Forecast Version 17 (Interim Series 14). Interim
Series 14 is based on the most recent information on population and housing growth and is the best
available data for CMWD to use. However, land use projections were not included in the Interim Series
14 data. Land Use projections presented in this section are based on SANDAG’s Series 13 Regional
Growth Forecast (Series 13) and is the best available data for CMWD to use at the time of this writing.
Residential
Residential water use represents the largest water use category for CMWD and includes both single-
family and multi-family customers. Residential water consumption comprises both indoor and outdoor
uses. Residential indoor water use includes sanitation, bathing, laundering, cooking, and drinking. The
majority of outdoor residential water use satisfies landscaping irrigation needs. Other minor outdoor
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residential water uses include car washing, surface cleaning, and similar activities. Total residential
water use is anticipated to increase over time as CMWD’s service area reaches residential buildout,
though an increased culture of conservation and water use restrictions are likely to result in a lower
per-capita increase in demands compared to historical growth. Residential land use currently occupies
almost 5,380 acres and is anticipated to continue to expand to approximately 5,970 acres by 2040.
Commercial/Industrial/Institutional
Commercial water use generally consists of incidental uses necessary for the operation of a business
or institution, such as drinking, sanitation, and landscape irrigation. Major commercial water users
include service industries such a restaurants, car washes, laundries and hotels. Statistics indicate that
almost 60% of Carlsbad’s employment base is in the commercial sector. This sector is anticipated to
grow substantially in the near future, as infill development in the Carlsbad Village is implemented, and
additional hotel properties are developed to support the City’s growing tourism economy.
Industrial water use consists of a wide range of uses, including product processing and small-scale
equipment cooling, sanitation and air conditioning. Water-intensive industrial uses in Carlsbad, such
as electronics manufacturing and biotech research, typically require smaller amounts of water when
compared to other water-intensive industries found elsewhere in Southern California, such as
petroleum refineries, chemical processors, and canneries.
Institutional water use consists primarily of schools and churches within the service area. Water use
characteristics tend to be similar to commercial uses, but based on average daily attendance outdoor
use also tends to be somewhat higher for landscaped areas and ball fields. However, many of these
areas tend to be metered separately and categorized as irrigation. Overall, CII land uses are
anticipated to grow from 2,760 acres in 2020 to 3,700 acres in 2040.
Tourism and Temporary Residents
Included in CMWD’s CII water uses are tourism-related water demands. Within the city, overnight
visitors averaged over 194,000 people per month, over 2 million annual visitors, in 2017 (Hull, pers.
comm. 2020). With a permanent population estimated at approximately 91,700 in 2020, the City’s
population more than doubles on a monthly basis when considering temporary residents. Visitors are
drawn to Carlsbad for its proximity to attractions in San Diego County, Legoland, nearby state beaches,
and other general lifestyle factors that make Southern California a tourist destination.
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The tourism industry in Carlsbad
affects water usage by not only
the number of visitors, but also
through the expansion of service
industries and attractions, which
tend to be larger outdoor water
users. Tourism peaks during
summer months, particularly
July and August, but is high
throughout the year. The
peaking experienced in summer
months affects seasonal
demand and water system
peaking. Population forecasts do
not specifically account for
tourism, but tourism is reflected
in the economic forecasts and
causes per capita use to
increase. Tourism can also
increase per capita demands because tourists are less likely to be as conscientious with their water
use as locals. Tourists may not be familiar with water-wise practices (e.g., shorter showers, turning off
faucets when brushing teeth) or are in “vacation mode” and not actively aware of their water use. They
may also be engaging in inherently water-heavy tourism-based activities.
Agricultural
Agricultural water use has been decreasing in Carlsbad for the last two decades to the point that it
currently represents a very small portion of CMWD’s water demand. In 1991 CMWD sold 1,744 AF to
agriculture. By 2000, the agriculture consumption had declined to 1,204 AF, to 420 AF in 2010, and
to 163 AF in 2020. By 2045, agricultural demands are projected to drop to only 154 AFY. The
Agricultural sector experiences wide seasonal fluctuations due to weather conditions and timing of the
growing seasons, and consists primarily of commercial strawberry and flower fields, and wholesale
nursery operations. Agricultural land use is anticipated to continue to decrease from a current extent
of 545 acres to an estimated 102 acres by 2040 (SANDAG, 2016).
Landscape
Landscape irrigation is the third largest water use in CMWD’s service area, just behind commercial
water use, and demands are strongly influenced by seasonal differences. Development within the City
of Carlsbad over the last decade and a half has brought about the creation of a large amount of
irrigated areas with various uses, including medians, slopes and parkways, which used 34% potable
water (1,530 AF) and 66% recycled water (2,996 AF) in 2020 (see Table 4-1 and Table 6-10).
The City of Carlsbad adopted a Landscape Manual in November 1990 to assist development
applicants and landscape architects in understanding the City’s policies toward landscaping.
Specifically, the manual requires that irrigation systems be designed to provide the optimum amount
of water for plant growth without causing soil erosion or runoff. At the same time, it requires that
landscape design will include water conservation and alternative (non-potable) water sources as
primary criteria. This manual was updated in 2016 and incorporates Carlsbad Municipal Code Chapter
18.50 – Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance (WELO), among other changes. In May 2010, the City of
Carlsbad adopted the WELO in accordance with the State’s Water Conservation in Landscaping Act of
2006 (Assembly Bill 1881), which promotes consistency in landscape regulations among land use
Recycled water use at golf course in CMWD’s service area
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authorities throughout San Diego County. The State’s Model Water Efficient Landscape Ordinance
(MWELO) was subsequently updated in 2015. The regulations reflect improvements for landscape and
irrigation design plans, irrigation technologies, and water management for achievable water savings.
Total irrigated land use areas, including roadways and parks, was anticipated to remain relatively
constant between 2015 and 2040, decreasing by only 8 acres, or approximately 0.2%.
Landscape irrigation is also a substantial recycled water user within CMWD’s service area. Recycled
water is regulated by CMWD’s Reclamation Rules and Regulations for Construction of Reclaimed
Water Mains (1993) and Mandatory Use Ordinance (Ordinance No. 43, 2005), the San Diego Regional
Water Quality Control Board’s reclamation permits and waste discharge requirements for CMWD’s
Carlsbad WRF (Order No. 2001-352, as amended by Order No. R9-2012-0027), and VWD’s
Meadowlark WRF (Order No. R9-2007-0018), and California’s Title 22 regulations.
Total recycled water use, including golf courses and industrial purposes discussed in Section 4.1.2
below, represents 22% of total water use in CMWD’s service area for 2020. Recycled water use tends
to be lower in the winter months because of less irrigation demand for landscape, the primary use for
recycled water. Recycled water use is projected to increase in the near future through completion of
the Phase III Recycled Water Project and increased awareness of safe and appropriate use of recycled
water. Recycled water use is addressed in greater detail in Section 6 System Supplies
4.1.2 Additional Water Uses
Additional water uses include other uses such as fire protection. Additional water uses also include
recycled water used to water golf courses as well as for industrial purposes.
4.1.3 Distribution System Water Losses
System losses or unaccounted-for water use (UAW) is unmetered water use such as for water system
flushing, sewer cleaning, system leaks, unauthorized connections, reservoir cleaning, and other
municipal uses. Unaccounted-for water can also result from meter inaccuracies, although these losses
are relatively small. As required by the 2020 Guidebook, CMWD completed a water loss audit using
the American Water Works Association (AWWA) Water Audit methodology (see Appendix F). Apparent
losses (unauthorized consumption and metering inaccuracies) were calculated as 284 AFY, while Real
Losses were calculated at 321 AFY, for a total loss of 605 AFY. Unlike the rest of the data presented
in this UWMP, the Water Loss Audit was completed for Calendar Year 2019, while the rest of the UWMP
reports data from calendar year 2020. 2020 water losses are therefore considered approximate.
Calculated water losses for CMWD’s water system for the previous five years of reporting are shown
in Table 4-2. Based on average annual losses, CMWD anticipates that water losses represent 4% of
total potable and non-potable use, calculated as the volume of water loss divided by the total volume
of water produced. Projected water losses presented in Table 4-6 are estimated using this proportion.
Table 4-2: 2020 Water Losses (AFY)
DWR Table 4-4 Retail: 12 Month Water Loss Audit Reporting
Reporting Period Start Date Volume of Water Loss
07/2014 765
01/2016 905
01/2017 1,305
01/2018 672
01/2019 605
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4.1.4 Sales to Other Agencies
CMWD does not currently sell potable water to other agencies, nor does it anticipate doing so in the
future. CMWD has its own local potable water supply through a purchase agreement with SDCWA to
purchase desalinated seawater from the Claude “Bud” Lewis Carlsbad Desalination Plant (Carlsbad
Desalination Plant) blended with other SDCWA supply. CMWD sells a portion of the recycled water it
produces at the Carlsbad WRF to customers of neighboring agencies to help meet their non-potable
water demands, but does not sell recycled water directly to any other agency. In 2020, CMWD sold
recycled water through nine meters (customers) located within the City, but within VWD’s service area.
As part of the NSDWRC, CMWD anticipates there may be potential future recycled water sales to
additional customers of other agencies, generally building on recycled water system expansions
designed to primarily serve CMWD’s service area.
4.1.5 Estimating Water Savings from Codes, Ordinances, or Transportation and
Land Use Plans
CMWD is actively encouraging customers to reduce potable water use through the increased use of
recycled water, installation of water-wise landscaping, replacement of fixtures with water-saving and
low-flow devices, and outreach and educational campaigns. Section 9 Demand Management
Measures provides details on CMWD’s efforts to encourage water conservation. CMWD’s future water
savings resulting from increased conversion from potable to recycled water through its Phase III
Recycled Water Project is included in future water use projections. Compliance with applicable
regulations and codes requiring use of low-flow fixtures in new construction will result in passive
savings. Passive savings are reflected in CMWD’s SBx7-7 target water use, and therefore incorporated
into the demand projections presented in Section 4.3 Projected Total Water Use and Demand
Projection Provided to Wholesaler.
Table 4-3: Inclusion of Future Water Savings and Lower Income Demands
DWR Table 4-5 Retail Only: Inclusion in Water Use Projections
Are Future Water Savings Included in Projections? Yes
If "Yes" to above, state the section or page number, in the cell
to the right, where citations of the codes, ordinances, etc…
utilized in demand projections are found.
Sections 4.1.5 and 5.2
Are Lower Income Residential Demands Included In
Projections? Yes
On June 21, 2005, CMWD’s Board of Directors adopted Ordinance No. 43. This ordinance, also
referred to as CMWD’s Mandatory Use Ordinance, requires customers to use recycled water “wherever
it has determined that its use is economically justified, financially and technically feasible, and
consistent with legal requirements, preservation of public health, safety and welfare, and the
environment.” As a result of this ordinance, new development is prepared to convert to recycled water
for irrigation purposes once recycled water becomes accessible. CMWD’s ability to meet potential
customers’ recycled water demands now and in the future has been included in its recycled water use
and recycled water supply projections. As recycled water use has increased, CMWD’s per capita
potable water use has decreased, helping to achieve its SBx7-7 targets.
In addition to potable water use savings achieved through conversion to recycled water, CMWD
anticipates water savings resulting from compliance with water efficiency regulations. A number of
regulatory changes have been made in recent years to encourage or mandate the use of low-flow and
efficient plumbing fixtures, along with improvements to building standards to encourage green building
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that is more water efficient. These changes include, but are not limited to, AB 715 (efficient toilets and
urinals) and SB 407 (retrofitting
for efficient fixtures). CMWD has
successfully taken measures to
reduce per capita water use since
the Water Conservation Act of
2009 was enacted. CMWD was
below its SBx7-7 interim target of
233 gpcd in 2015 and its 2020
target (see Chapter 5). New indoor
and outdoor water use objectives
are being developed under SB 606
and AB 1668 and are anticipated
to be released in 2023.
Conservation measures
implemented by CMWD, which
have helped to meet SBx7-7
targets and will help to meet future
water use objectives, include
installation of water efficient
fixtures and turf replacement, as
described in Section 9 Demand
Management Measures. New development in CWMD’s service area will be constructed compliant with
all applicable codes, and mandatory retrofits will be implemented, as applicable. The reduced water
use resulting from these codes and regulations have been incorporated into CMWD’s demand
projections because they are reflected in the decreased per capita demands of the SBx7-7 targets.
Because much of the existing development in the City of Carlsbad is relatively new, many residences,
commercial buildings, and other facilities already use lower flow devices, and there are limited
opportunities or need to retrofit existing structures to further improve water use efficiency to increase
passive savings for existing development. Recent reductions in water use and SBx7-7 compliance is
discussed in greater detail in Section 5 Baselines and Targets.
4.1.6 Climate Change Effects on Demand
As discussed in Section 3 System Description, CMWD is vulnerable to the effects of climate change,
in large part due to its reliance on imported water to meet potable demands. As a participant in the
San Diego IRWM Program, CMWD contributed to the climate change vulnerability assessment included
in the 2019 San Diego IRWM Plan (RWMG, 2019), the results of which are summarized in Section 3
System Description. The complete assessment is included here as Appendix E.
Preliminary analysis indicates that regional water demands would show a slight increase of between
0.6% – 1.8% by 2035. These increases in demand are anticipated to be associated with increased
temperatures, increased drought potential, and increased wildfire potential, coupled with increased
variability in rainfall that may reduce the availability of local supplies and/or the ability for vegetation
to access natural water supplies when they need them. Within the San Diego region as a whole, five
water demand vulnerabilities were identified, four of which apply to CMWD’s service area. These
vulnerabilities include potential increases in industrial and crop demands, a limited ability to conserve
further, and a limited ability to meet summer demand.
Table 3-6 in Section 3 System Description presents these vulnerabilities and their priorities for CMWD.
None of the water demand vulnerabilities applicable to CMWD were classified as very high or high
Solar and wind power used at CMWD’s off-grid Santa Fe II facility
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priority. CMWD has taken steps to address water demand vulnerabilities by increasing supply reliability
and expanding use of local and recycled water supplies, as well as encouraging improved water use
efficiencies (refer to Section 6 System Supplies, Section 7 Water Supply Reliability Assessment, and
Section 9 Demand Management Measures). As described below, agricultural land use is anticipated
to decrease, reducing the impact of increases in crop demand that may result from climate change.
Increases in industrial demand are not anticipated to substantially affect CMWD demands because
industrial use is currently low and projected to remain low. While there may be limitations to CWMD’s
ability to further conserve, CMWD has met its SBx7-7 2020 target, achieved through a combination of
conservation and increased recycled water use. CMWD’s efforts to improve supply reliability will help
meet summer demands, and in a normal year, supply is anticipated to exceed demands, providing a
buffer for unexpected increases in demand that may result from climate change.
4.2 Projected Water Demands
This section presents CMWD’s projected potable water use, in five-year intervals, from 2025 through
2045. Projected water use consists of projected water used by CMWD, projected water sold to others,
and additional projected water uses and losses. Table 4-4 shows projected potable and recycled water
demands. CMWD’s demand projections presented in this section meet CMWD’s gpcd demand targets
that are described in Section 5 Baselines and Targets.
SDCWA currently provides the majority of potable water distributed by CMWD. The projected amount of
water that CMWD expects to purchase from SDCWA to meet water demands in the future is considered
in Section 6 System Supplies. Water use and production records, combined with population,
employment, and urban development projections, provide the basis for estimating future water supply
requirements. The population projections presented in Section 3 System Description already
incorporate land use changes and other local economic and demographic factors, and provide an
appropriate basis for demand projection calculations. SDCWA’s draft demand forecast model was
used to determine CMWD’s baseline water demands and projected active and passive conservation.
SDCWA’s model incorporates land use and population projections generated by SANDAG for water
agency service areas in San Diego County, and utilizes the Interim Series 14 Growth Forecast model
developed specifically for the San Diego region (including CMWD’s service area). The Interim Series 14
model incorporates land uses and historical growth to project population growth in the future. A
description of the demand forecast methodology is provided in SDCWA’s 2020 UWMP.
CWMD has elected to use SDCWA’s draft forecast as the basis of its demand projections for consistency
with its wholesale water supplier and to allow for a consistent supply reliability analysis. SDCWA’s water
demand projections for the CMWD service area include both potable and recycled water. CMWD has
elected to use SDCWA’s draft forecast of recycled water supply and baseline agricultural demand for
inclusion in its demand projection. Additional future demands, based on CMWD recycled water system
are included in the total recycled demands through 2045 (see Table 4-4). Although CMWD’s SBx7-7
target allows potable water use to be as high as 207 gpcd from 2020 into the future (refer to Section
5 Baselines and Targets), CMWD projects a lower per-capita water use as a result of the area’s growing
conservation ethic and the increased use of recycled water to offset potable demands. Figure 4-2
shows the share of total demands that will be met by potable supplies and those met by recycled
supplies. In addition to the projected demands, CMWD applied four scenarios to its water projections
for purposes of comparison. These scenarios considered the five-year, ten-year, and fifteen-year
historical average per-capita water use ending in 2020, as well as CMWD’s SBx7-7 target per-capita
water use, and multiplied these gpcd scenarios by the projected population. These scenarios are also
presented in Figure 4-2. The water use forecast based on the fifteen-year, ten-year, and five-year
historical gpcd scenarios were similar to one another and were found to be within a reasonable range
of the SDCWA’s forecast. The demand forecast based on the fifteen-year and ten-year historical average
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gpcd scenarios reflect both depressed demands from extraordinary conservation, normal water years,
and wet water years which all occurred in the historical periods (2006-2020 and 2011-2020). CMWD’s
demand projections as well as the demand projections based on the three historical water use
scenarios are well below the SBx7-7 target, which reflects CMWD’s legal maximum potable water use.
Table 4-4: Projected Demands for CMWD (AFY)
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
A Baseline Water Use1 22,754 23,027 23,599 24,221 24,755
B Active and Passive Conservation1 2,234 2,154 2,295 2,484 2,492
C Projected Demands2 (A-B) 20,520 20,873 21,304 21,737 22,263
D Existing Recycled Water Use3 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
E Increase in Recycled Water Use4 0 0 0 0 0
F Total Recycled Water (D+E) 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
G Total Potable Water5 (C-F) 16,302 16,655 17,086 17,519 18,045
1 Baseline water use and active/passive conservation calculated via SDCWA 2020 UWMP demand forecast.
2 Projected demands include potable and recycled water demands.
3 Existing recycled water use projected forward is based on SDCWA’s forecast of verifiable local supply of
recycled water, and includes CMWD’s Phase III Recycled Water Project, which is expected to be complete by
2023.
4 Increased demand from expansion of recycled water system is expected to be complete by 2022, refer to
Section 6 System Supplies and will offset projected potable demands. Between 2025 and 2045, expansions of
recycled water system are conceptual and have not been included in projected demands in order to be
conservative about future demands on potable water. No additional feasible recycled water system projects are
included through 2045.
5 Total Potable Water is the Projected Demands less Recycled Water Demand.
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Figure 4-2: Projected CMWD Demands
Projected non-agricultural potable demands by use category were calculated using average historical
proportions for years 2016 through 2020. Table 4-5 presents the allocation of non-agricultural potable
demand projections by each applicable water use category. The estimated projected water use by
sector for 2025 through 2045 is presented in Table 4-6.
Table 4-5: Demand Projection Allocations
Water Use
Category
Percent Allocation of Non-
Agricultural Potable Demands
Single Family 51.8%
Multi-Family 11.6%
Commercial 17.9%
Industrial 0.3%
Institutional 0.9%
Landscape 11.8%
Water Losses 5.6%
-
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045Demands (AFY)Potable Recycled Water 5-year Historical Use
10-year Historical Use 15-year Historical Use SBx7-7 Target
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Table 4-6: Projected Demands for Potable Water (AFY)
DWR Table 4-2 Retail: Use for Potable and Non-Potable Water - Projected
Use Type Projected Water Use
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Single Family 8,351 8,538 8,766 8,993 9,268
Multi-Family 1,878 1,920 1,971 2,022 2,084
Commercial 2,887 2,952 3,031 3,109 3,205
Industrial 49 50 51 52 54
Institutional/Governmental 150 154 158 162 167
Agricultural irrigation 182 173 164 160 154
Landscape 1,905 1,948 2,000 2,051 2,114
Recycled Water 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
Losses 900 921 945 970 999
TOTAL 20,520 20,873 21,304 21,737 22,263
NOTES: All non-recycled water is potable. Institutional use includes public buildings, schools, and fire
protection. Single Family includes single family, low density single family, and temporary potable meters.
Water loss was calculated as 6% of total demand based on five-year average (2016-2020) of AWWA water
audits for CMWD's potable system. Some differences may occur due to rounding.
4.2.1 Unconstrained Demand
New requirements for the 2020 UWMP provide that Suppliers conduct an annual water supply and
demand assessment on or before July 1 of each year, starting in 2022. The annual assessment will
include current year unconstrained demand. Per the 2020 UWMP Guidebook, CMWD is considering
unconstrained demand as the expected water use in the upcoming year, based on recent water use,
and before any projected response actions CMWD may trigger under its WSCP.
4.3 Projected Total Water Use and Demand Projection Provided to
Wholesaler
Table 4-7 provides a summary of the total projected potable and recycled water use for CMWD, including
retail water deliveries and additional water uses and losses for a normal or average year. SDCWA is
projecting higher demands in dry years (SDCWA, 2021). CMWD’s water demands would be higher in
dry years similar in proportion to SDCWA projections. Estimated changes in demand resulting from
single or multiple dry years are provided in Section 7 Water Supply Reliability Assessment.
Table 4-7: Current and Projected Total Water Demands (AFY)
DWR Table 4-3 Retail: Total Water Demands
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Potable Water 13,929 16,302 16,655 17,086 17,519 18,045
Recycled Water 3,764 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
Total Water Demand 17,693 20,520 20,873 21,304 21,737 22,263
NOTES: Recycled Water Demands are discussed in Section 6 System Supplies
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SDCWA currently provides 82% of the potable water distributed by CMWD, and CMWD does not receive
raw water from any of its supply sources. The remaining 18% of CMWD’s potable supply is purchased
desalinated seawater from the Carlsbad Desalination Plant, delivered via SDCWA infrastructure, and
is considered a local supply. CMWD’s current and projected demands on imported SDCWA potable
water are equal to the total potable water demands presented in Table 4-6, less the 2,500 AFY
desalinated seawater local supply.
4.4 Water Demands for Lower Income Households
CMWD does not keep direct records of which customers are low income households, but an estimate
of low income water use and projected demands has been developed based on estimated household
incomes for the City of Carlsbad. DWR has defined a low-income household as one with a median
household income (MHI) of less than 80% of statewide MHI of $71,228. See Chapter 3 System
Description for additional detail on disadvantaged communities.
The City of Carlsbad’s General Plan does not include data on number of low income housing units
currently present within the City. CMWD therefore used SANDAG projections of household incomes to
estimate the number of low income households it serves. Using the Series 14 Growth Forecast, which
was developed based on general plans and anticipated development for cities within San Diego
County, SANDAG developed projections of household incomes in tiers of $15,000. This analysis
assumes that any household earning less than $45,000 annually (approximately 60% of the statewide
MHI of $71,228) qualifies as low income now and into the future. Within the City of Carlsbad, this
translates to 24% of households, or 8,481 households, in 2020. The proportion of households
designated as low income with this analysis was then applied to projected residential demands to
estimate water demands for lower income housing units. For the purposes of this 2020 UWMP, it was
assumed that the ratio of low-income multi-family and single-family homes is consistent with the
overall ratio of multi-family and single-family customers. Table 4-8 presents the projected low-income
water demands. The residential water demands presented in Table 4-1 and 4-6 include the water
demands of low-income housing as required by SB 1087.
Table 4-8: Projected Water Demands of Low-Income Households
Low Income
Water Demands 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Low Income
Households 8,481 8,610 8,653 8,658 8,663 8,785
Low Income
Single-Family
Demands (AFY)
1,838 1,962 1,980 1,992 2,017 2,062
Low Income
Multi-Family
Demands (AFY)
419 441 445 448 453 464
Total (AFY) 2,257 2,404 2,425 2,439 2,470 2,525
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Baselines and Targets
The Water Conservation Act of 2009 (also known as SBx7-7) was signed into law in November 2009
as part of a comprehensive water legislation package. SBx7-7 sets a goal of achieving a 20% reduction
in urban per capita water use statewide by 2020. DWR developed technical methodologies to guide
the consistent development by urban water suppliers of their baseline per capita water use and
targets. These baselines and targets were first reported in the 2010 UWMPs and revised in the 2015
UWMPs. The 2020 Guidebook requires that all urban water retailers use the baseline, targets, and
methodology established in their 2015 UWMPs, unless there has been a change to their water service
areas. Because the City’s water service area boundary remains unchanged from 2015, its baseline,
targets, and methodology remain consistent with those presented in the 2015 UWMP.
5.1 Overview of Baselines and Targets Calculations
SBx7-7 requires urban water suppliers to establish per capita water use targets by using one of four
methods:
· Method 1: A per capita water use by 2020 that is 80% of the urban retail water supplier’s
baseline per capita daily water use using a 10-year average ending no earlier than December
31, 2004, and no later than December 31, 2010. CMWD’s recycled water comprised more
than 10% of 2008 retail water delivery, therefore a 10- to 15-year baseline period can be used
that ends no earlier than December 31, 2004 and no later than December 31, 2010. As
described below, a 10-year baseline period from 1999-2008 was selected, resulting in a
baseline of 259 gallons per capita per day (gpcd). The resulting per capita demand target for
2020 is 207 gpcd.
· Method 2: The per capita daily water use estimated using the sum of several defined
performance standards. This method requires quantifying the landscaped area and the
baseline commercial, industrial, and institutional use. Method 2 was not calculated during
development of the 2015 UWMP.
· Method 3: The 2020 water use target is calculated as 95% of the applicable state hydrologic
region target, as set forth in the 2015 UWMP Guidebook (DWR, 2016). CMWD, located in
DWR’s South Coast Hydrologic Region Number 4, has a year 2020 target of 95% of 149 gpcd,
which is 142 gpcd according to Method 3.
· Method 4: A provisional method that was developed by DWR where the target is based on
indoor residential, CII, outdoor, and water loss components. Using the Provisional Method 4
Target Calculator provided by DWR with a CII water use in 1997 of 3,241 AF, Method 4
establishes a target of 207 gpcd.
An urban water supplier must select one of the methods to set its per capita water use target. Water
suppliers may choose to change the selected method until 2015. CMWD selected Method 1 for
establishing the 2020 per capita water use target of 207 gpcd.
In January 2014, the Governor of California declared a State of Emergency, directing State officials to
take all necessary actions to prepare for drought conditions. This declaration requested that all
Californians reduce water consumption and that local water suppliers implement local water shortage
contingency plans. With the continuation of the drought, in April 2015, the Governor issued an executive
order (Executive Order B-29-15) to impose mandatory water use restrictions, including an order for
CMWD to reduce potable water use by 28%. On February 2, 2016, the emergency drought regulations
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were revised and extended through October 2016. These revisions adjusted agency reduction targets
to reflect local supplies and conservation efforts. As a result, CMWD’s mandatory reduction target
dropped from 28% to 20%. CMWD implemented mandatory water restrictions such as restricted
irrigation watering days and times during the previous multi-year drought. This level of reduction helped
to reduce CMWD’s water use below its 2020 target.
From 2007 to 2015, CMWD’s per capita water use experienced a decline partially due to increased
retail water cost, increased use of water conservation measures by customers responding to drought
conditions, introduction of a tiered billing structure, conservation programs, and the 2009 global
recession and housing market crash. Since 2015, as the region continued to recover from recession
and drought, per capita water use has rebounded to 2014 levels with a five-year average (2016-2020)
per capita use of 175 gpcd. CMWD’s per capita water use in 2020 (134 gpcd) is below the 2020
target. This 2020 water use may be temporary as a result of changes in water use patterns due to the
COVID-19 pandemic. A return to prior per capita water use trends may occur once the pandemic is
over, although water use has met or exceeded its SBx7-7 targets.
CMWD’s approach to meeting the 2020 per capita water use target had several elements consisting
of increased saturation into the customer base of low flow plumbing devices and fixtures, continued
implementation of demand management measures, water use reductions that occur with the
increased costs of water, and increased use of recycled water. Recycled water is excluded from gross
water use in determining per capita water use according to the DWR guidance. CMWD’s water
conservation efforts are described in Section 6 Demand Management Measures.
5.2 Water Use and SBx7-7 Compliance
CMWD’s gross water use is the total volume of potable water entering its distribution system. Only
gross potable water use is used for SBx7-7 compliance. All required tables for calculating and
demonstrating SBx7-7 compliance are provided in Appendix G.
CMWD used the 2015 UWMP as an opportunity to revise the SBx7-7 baselines and targets using
finalized 2010 U.S. Census data for its population estimates for baseline years. CMWD updated its
population estimates for 2000-2010, and subsequently revised its baseline water use and targets, as
described below. This 2020 UWMP describes the process used during the development of the 2015
UWMP to determine 2020 water use targets.
5.2.1 Baseline GPCD Water Use
The 2020 Guidebook states that urban water suppliers must use the same methodology in their 2020
UWMPs as their 2015 UWMPs. Baseline gpcd water use was calculated using Method 1 in the CMWD
2015 UWMP, and is therefore used in this 2020 UWMP. This method requires calculating gpcd for
each of the potential baseline periods, using updated U.S. Census population estimates for the years
2001-2009. Census data for 2000 and 2010 were overlaid with the CMWD service area, and an
analysis was completed at the block-level to calculate the population served by CMWD in those years.
For Census blocks that are partially within the CMWD service area, a proportion of the population equal
to the proportion of the geographical area within the service area was used. The resulting population
numbers were then compared to the U.S. Census population for the City of Carlsbad, and it was
determined that on average, CMWD serves 77.6% of the total City’s population. This proportion was
then applied to California Department of Finance population estimates for the City of Carlsbad to
provide an estimate of CMWD population in non-Census years. Using the population analysis results
and water use data, the annual gpcd was determined for each year between 1990 and 2010. Table
5-1 presents the annual gpcd for each potential baseline year.
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Table 5-1: Annual Potable Water Use for Potential Baseline Years
Year Service Area
Population
Gross Potable
Water Use
(AFY)
Daily Per Capita
Water Use1
(GPCD)
1990 50,764 17,919 315
1991 51,730 16,450 284
1992 52,715 13,753 233
1993 53,718 14,928 248
1994 54,741 14,963 244
1995 55,783 14,008 224
1996 56,845 15,140 238
1997 57,927 16,011 247
1998 59,030 15,449 234
1999 60,154 17,313 257
2000 61,261 19,952 291
2001 64,372 18,884 262
2002 68,007 20,586 270
2003 69,916 20,278 259
2004 71,459 21,222 265
2005 72,975 20,163 247
2006 75,672 21,206 250
2007 77,619 22,099 254
2008 79,400 21,187 238
2009 80,340 19,867 221
2010 81,081 17,142 189
5.2.2 Baseline Periods
The population projection described above was applied to CMWD’s 1990-2010 gross potable water
use to determine a revised baseline for CMWD’s SBx7-7 compliance. No adjustments were made to
the 1990-2010 water use data from the 2010 UWMP because they are actual gross potable water
use for CMWD’s system. The baseline period for CMWD was selected after consideration of all
potential baseline periods. In accordance with the 2015 UWMP Guidebook, agencies meeting at least
10% of total water deliveries with recycled water in 2008 can use a 10- to 15-year baseline. CMWD’s
recycled water deliveries in 2008 were 3,877 AF, or 15.9% of its total water deliveries of 24,460 AF.
CMWD can therefore use a baseline consisting of a 10- to 15-year continuous period ending between
December 31, 2004, and December 31, 2010. The potential baselines in Table 5-2 are presented by
ending year. For a 10-year baseline ending in 2004, the starting year would be 1995; for the 15-year
baseline ending in 2004, the starting year is 1990.
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Table 5-2: Average GPCD for Potential Baseline Years, by Ending Year
Ending
Year
Average GPCD for Baseline Years
10-years 11-years 12-years 13-years 14-years 15-years
2004 255 254 253 252 254 258
2005 257 254 253 253 251 253
2006 258 256 254 253 252 251
2007 259 258 256 254 253 253
2008 2591 257 256 255 253 252
2009 256 256 254 253 252 250
2010 245 250 250 249 249 248
1 Selected Baseline GPCD
CMWD selected 1999-2008 for its baseline period, which has an average per capita water use of 259
gpcd. As shown in Table 5-1, during this baseline period, gross potable water use ranged between
17,313 AF in 1999 to a high of 22,099 AF in 2007. The average gross potable water use during the
baseline period was 20,289 AFY. Population grew from 60,154 people in 1999 to 79,400 people in
2008, a growth of over 19,000 people over ten years.
5.2.3 SBx7-7 Baseline and Targets
Using Method 1, which calculates the 2020 Target as 80% of the baseline per capita water use,
CMWD’s water use target for 2020 is 207 gpcd, or a reduction of 52 gpcd.
A 5-year baseline from 2003 to 2007 had an average water use of 255 gpcd and was used to confirm
the 2020 target was reasonable. While the 2003 to 2007 baseline had a minimally higher SBx7-7
target, which could have provided for some flexibility should growth occur at a different rate than was
projected in the 2015 UWMP, it did not substantially affect CMWD conservation planning or
implementation activities. Table 5-3 provides a summary of the baseline and targets for CMWD.
Table 5-3: Baselines and Targets Summary
DWR Table 5-1 Retail: Baselines and Targets Summary
Baseline
Period Start Year* End Year*
Average
Baseline
GPCD*
Confirmed
2020 Target*
10-15 year 1999 2008 259 207 5 Year 2003 2007 255
*All cells in this table should be populated manually from the supplier's SBX7-
7 Verification Form and reported in Gallons per Capita per Day (GPCD)
NOTES: CMWD selected a 10-year baseline period
The 2020 UWMP is required to show compliance with the 2020 target for SBx7-7. As shown in Table
5-4, CMWD has met, and exceeded, its 2020 target. Because of this, no additional calculation of
extraordinary events, economic adjustment, or weather normalization was conducted.
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Table 5-4: 2020 Compliance
DWR Table 5-2 Retail: 2020 Compliance
2020 GPCD 2020
Confirmed
Target
GPCD*
Did Supplier
Achieve Targeted
Reduction for
2020? Y/N
Actual
2020
GPCD*
2020 TOTAL
Adjustments*
Adjusted
2020 GPCD*
(Adjusted if
applicable)
134 0 134 207 Yes
*All cells in this table should be populated manually from the supplier's SBX7-7 2020
Compliance Form and reported in Gallons per Capita per Day (GPCD)
NOTES: No adjustments were made to CMWD’s 2020 GPCD.
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May 2021 6-1
Water Supplies
This section discusses CMWD's sources of water supply, new supply opportunities, exchanges and
transfers of water, wastewater and recycled water opportunities, projected water supplies, and climate
change impacts to water supply.
6.1 Summary of Existing and Planned Water Sources
CMWD’s existing water sources include a local supply of recycled water and purchased SDCWA water.
All of CMWD’s potable demands are currently met with imported purchased and desalinated seawater
through SDCWA. CMWD’s planned supplies include recycled water from the Phase III Recycled Water
Project along with continued purchases from SDCWA and desalinated seawater. The Phase III Recycled
Water Project, which is currently being implemented, is expanding CMWD’s existing recycled water
system to increase recycled water production and delivery. Construction of four pipeline segments and
the Carlsbad WRF expansion have been completed, with the construction of one additional pipeline
segment and one reservoir anticipated to be complete by December 2022. Since late 2015,
desalinated seawater made available via the Carlsbad Desalination Plant has been blended into the
treated water purchased from SDCWA. On April 12, 2016, CMWD entered into a purchase agreement
with SDCWA to receive local desalinated water blended with other SDCWA supplies. CMWD and
SDCWA are working to develop a preliminary design that would connect the Carlsbad 5 Flow Control
Facility and Pressure Reducing Station to the Carlsbad Desalination Conveyance Pipeline. CMWD is
also developing a financial cost-benefit analysis that will be brought to the CMWD Board.
Greywater is gently used water from your bathroom sinks, showers, and bathtubs. It is not water that
has come into contact with human waste and is typically used for onsite irrigation purposes. Currently
CMWD does not utilize greywater in its supply. In compliance with the City of Carlsbad’s Climate Action
Plan, CMWD will host greywater and rainwater harvesting workshops, or partner with existing workshop
providers. CMWD will also reference or develop a greywater and rainwater collection system design
manual and consider offering a rebate for residential greywater systems that require a permit to cover
the cost of obtaining a permit. Homeowners would be responsible for the installation of greywater and
rainwater collection systems.
A detailed summary of CMWD’s projected supplies is provided in Section 6.9 Projected Water Supplies,
while an overview of CMWD’s supplies is provided in Table 6-1. Figure 6-1 shows CMWD’s water supply
facilities and infrastructure, and groundwater basins.
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Table 6-1: Summary of Historical, Existing, and Planned Water Supplies (AFY)
Source 20151 20201 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
SDCWA Imported
Purchases 14,320 11,429 13,802 14,155 14,586 15,019 15,545
Seawater Desalination2 0 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500
Recycled Water3 3,792 3,764 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
Total Water Supplies 18,112 17,693 20,520 20,873 21,304 21,737 22,263
1 2015 and 2020 show actual supplies produced.
2 Purchases of desalinated seawater may increase after 2030, but have yet to be determined, so are kept constant
for the purposes of the UWMP.
3 Recycled Water supplies include the Carlsbad WRF deliveries plus recycled water purchased from VWD.
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2020 Urban Water Management Plan Water Supplies
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Figure 6-1: Local Supply
<to be replaced in pdf with full-page version>
BUENA VISTA
LAGOON
LAKE CALAVERA
MAERKLE DAM
AGUA HEDIONDA
LAGOON
SAN
MARCOSLAKE
BATIQUITOS
LAGOON
SAN ELIJOVALLEY
BATIQUITOS
LAGOONVALLEY
SAN MARCOS
AREA
Encina WPCF
Meadowlark
WRF
Gafner WRP
Carlsbad WRF
Claude "Bud" Lewis
Carlsbad
Desalination Plant
Cannon
Well Field
Encina Oce
a
n
O
u
t
f
a
l
l
±Figure Exported: 3/31/2021 By: mstine Using: \\woodardcurran.net\shared\Projects\0011767.00 CMWD 2020 UWMP\wip\04_GIS\CMWD_2020UWMP.aprx Layout: Fig. 6-1Project #: 0011767.00
Map Created: November 20200 0.5 10.25 MilesLegendFigure 6-1
Carlsbad Municipal Water District
Local Supply
Third Party GIS Disclaimer: This map is for reference and graphical purposes only and should not be relied upon by third parties for any legal decisions.Any reliance upon the map or data contained herein shall be at the users’ sole risk.
Cannon Well Field
Carlsbad Desalination Plant
WWTPs/WRPs
Ocean Outfall
City of Carlsbad
Leucadia Wastewater District
Olivenhain Municipal Water District
Vallecitos Water District
Carlsbad Municipal Water District
Local City Boundaries
River
Waterbody
Groundwater Basins
Future Recycled Water Pipeline
Existing Recycled Water Pipeline
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6.2 Purchased Water
CMWD purchases the majority of its potable water from SDCWA, which in turn purchases SWP and
Colorado River water from MWD, acquires Colorado River supplies directly or from other agencies, and
purchases desalinated seawater produced at Poseidon’s Carlsbad Desalination Plant. Imported water
is conveyed into the area via MWD and SDCWA aqueducts. Upon its formation in 1954, CMWD joined
SDCWA to acquire the right to purchase and distribute imported water throughout its service area.
SDCWA has 24 member agencies, including CMWD, and is the regional wholesaler of imported water
in San Diego County. In 2016, CWMD entered an agreement with SDCWA to purchase direct deliveries
of desalinated seawater, reducing CMWD’s reliance on SDCWA imports for potable supplies (see
Section 6.5 Seawater Desalination).
CMWD also purchases disinfected tertiary recycled water from VWD to help meet recycled water
demands for customers remote from the Carlsbad WRF. Further discussion is provided in Section 6.7
Wastewater and Recycled Water Opportunities.
6.2.1 Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD)
MWD was created in 1928 following the passage of the Metropolitan Water District Act by the
California Legislature to provide supplemental water for cities and communities on the south coastal
plain of California. MWD serves as a water wholesaler and provides water to its member agencies from
both the Colorado River and the SWP. It has 26 member agencies including SDCWA, and covers an
area which includes all, or portions, of Ventura, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San Bernardino, and
San Diego Counties. MWD’s water supplies and management programs are discussed in their 2020
Regional Urban Water Management Plan (MWD, 2021).
6.2.2 San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA)
SDCWA was organized on June 9, 1944 under the County Water Authority Act for the express purpose
of importing Colorado River water into San Diego County. SDCWA annexed to MWD in 1946. As its
largest customer, SDCWA is now represented on MWD’s Board of Directors by four directors. SDCWA
purchases water from MWD and other sources for resale to its 24 member agencies. As of 2020,
SDCWA’s potable supplies include a mix of imported water and local supplies, including desalinated
seawater from the Carlsbad Desalination Plant.
CMWD is one of 24 member agencies of SDCWA. Each member agency is autonomous and
represented on SDCWA’s Board of Directors, setting local policies and water pricing structures. The
representatives on the Board of Directors are appointed by each member agency and the number of
representatives for each agency is based on a ratio of each member’s assessed valuation compared
to the total of all member agencies. CMWD currently has two Board members on the 36-member Board
of Directors. Member agency status entitles CMWD to directly purchase water from SDCWA on a
wholesale basis. CMWD also looks to SDCWA to ensure, to the best of its ability, that adequate water
will be available to satisfy future potable water requirements.
SDCWA’s water supplies and management programs are discussed in its 2020 Urban Water
Management Plan (SDCWA, 2021). CMWD’s current and projected water purchases from SDCWA are
provided in Table 6-13 and Table 6-14, below.
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6.3 Local Surface Water and Groundwater
CMWD does not currently use any local groundwater and surface water supplies, although in the past
both types of water sources were used. Prior to 1957, the Carlsbad Mutual Water Company supplied
local surface water from Lake Calavera and groundwater from the Mission Basin of the San Luis Rey
River to the City of Carlsbad. In addition, the Terramar Water Company provided local groundwater to
a portion of the City of Carlsbad from the Agua Hedionda subunit 4.30 of the Carlsbad hydrologic unit
through wells it developed, referred to as the Cannon Well Field. In August 1957, the water rights and
other assets of the Carlsbad Mutual Water Company and Terramar Water Company were purchased
by the City of Carlsbad. In May 1983, through an agreement, these local surface water and
groundwater rights were transferred to CMWD by the City of Carlsbad. This included rights to Mission
Basin of the San Luis Rey River Valley of 200 miner’s inches (approximately 3,650 AFY) of
groundwater, prescriptive rights of 5 cubic feet per second (cfs) (up to 2,382 AF) of groundwater,
and/or pre-1914 appropriative rights.
The Carlsbad Mutual Water Company held a permit with the State Division of Water Rights for another
1,000 AF annually from the Mission Basin. The original permit was for irrigation purposes and was
later changed to recreational and fire protection purposes. Additionally, there were surface water rights
for 150 AFY which were held from Calavera Creek. The Terramar Water Company had rights to 450
AFY of groundwater from the Agua Hedionda Creek Basin. Finally, CMWD obtained a permit for surface
water in the amount of 25 AF from Agua Hedionda Creek as a result of constructing Maerkle Dam in
1962.
Table 6-2 identifies the groundwater basins in the vicinity of CMWD according to DWR Bulletin 118,
which are also shown in Figures 3-4 and 6-1. The Batiquitos Lagoon Valley Groundwater Basin is the
only basin located in CMWD’s service area. The San Luis Rey Valley Groundwater Basin is located north
of CMWD and the San Marcos Valley Groundwater Basin is located east of CMWD. Of these
groundwater basins, the Upper San Luis Rey Valley Groundwater Basin has been designated as a
Medium Priority Basin under California Groundwater Elevation Monitoring (CASGEM), while the Lower
San Luis Rey Valley, Batiquitos Lagoon Valley and San Marcos Area Groundwater Basins are
designated as Very Low Priority. High and Medium priority basins are required by the State to be
monitored, while Low and Very Low priority basins are not currently considered basins of concern; as
such, of the basins in the vicinity of CMWD’s service area, only monitoring of the Upper San Luis Rey
Valley Groundwater Basin is mandated. This monitoring is being undertaken through a coordinated
effort between the City of Oceanside, the Pauma Valley Groundwater Sustainability Agency, and the
County of San Diego. None of the basins listed in Table 6-2 are adjudicated, nor has DWR identified
any of these groundwater basins as being in overdraft. Within the San Luis Rey Valley Groundwater
Basin are several locally-recognized subbasins, which are commonly considered separate hydrological
units: Mission, Bonsall, Moosa, Pala, and Pauma Basins (SDCWA, 2010).
Other groundwater includes subsurface flows from local hydrologic areas within the Carlsbad
Watershed, including Buena Vista Creek Basin, Agua Hedionda Creek Basin, Encinas Creek Basin, and
the Batiquitos Hydrologic Subarea. These resources have low potential yields, poor quality, or no
available data to substantiate their long term use in the public water supply. Generally speaking, these
basins do not have geological characteristics or size comparable to the Mission Subbasin of the Lower
San Luis Rey Valley Groundwater Basin, and collectively could supply only a small portion of CMWD’s
needs.
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Table 6-2: Groundwater Basins in the Vicinity of CMWD
Basin Name
DWR
Basin
Number
Basin
Priority1
Located
Within
CMWD
Service
Area
Supply
Currently
Utilized
by CMWD
Groundwater Management Plan
Status
Lower San Luis
Rey Valley
(including the
Mission
Subbasin)
9-7-2 Very
Low No 0 AFY
Groundwater Sustainability Plan
under development by Pauma Valley
Groundwater Sustainability Agency
Batiquitos
Lagoon Valley 9-22 Very
Low Yes 0 AFY None2
San Marcos
Area 9-32 Very
Low No 0 AFY None2
1 California Sustainable Groundwater Elevation Monitoring (CASGEM) designated priority
2 Basin is not currently used as supply and no groundwater management plan has been developed or adopted by
CMWD. Groundwater management plans or groundwater sustainability plans would be adopted prior to use of these
groundwater basins for supply, as required.
Mission Subbasin
Of the groundwater basins in the vicinity of CMWD, the Mission Subbasin of the Lower San Luis Rey
Valley Groundwater Basin has the most potential as a viable water resource. This basin has a large
drainage area of 565 square miles and consists of alluvium and river channel deposits averaging 150
feet in depth. The quality is mildly brackish with TDS concentrations ranging from 1,000 to 1,500
milligrams per liter (mg/L). For CMWD’s use, the water would need to be treated by a low-pressure
membrane, reverse osmosis process to achieve treated water quality in the range of 500 mg/L. The
City of Oceanside is currently doing this at its Mission Basin Groundwater Purification Facility and plans
to recharge the basin with advanced treated water though its Pure Water Oceanside project.
In 2005, CMWD completed a study on the cost effectiveness of utilizing the groundwater from the
Mission Subbasin. This study showed that while the treatment and delivery of groundwater is feasible,
it was not cost effective for CMWD at the time of the study. As a result, CMWD’s Board approved the
staff recommendation to discontinue efforts to utilize this groundwater source as an alternate local
supply at that time. However, since 2005, improvements in technology may have resulted in lower
costs for removing TDS, and these costs may continue to decrease over time. In addition, the cost of
imported water has increased significantly since 2005 and this trend is projected by both MWD and
SDCWA to continue over time. With the increasing cost and decreasing reliability of imported water,
the cost effectiveness of using local groundwater once again may become attractive. A groundwater
supply from the Mission Subbasin would require the construction of several wells, a groundwater
treatment facility, and a conveyance system. Wheeling the treated groundwater through the Oceanside
distribution system may be an option. Accordingly, CMWD will continue to monitor the benefits and
costs of utilization of groundwater in the Mission Subbasin, which may become cost effective, for
CMWD or third parties, as technology continues to improve and imported water costs continue to
increase. A partnership with City of Oceanside for treatment of brackish groundwater or wheeling the
treated groundwater through its distribution system may be an option. The Mission Subbasin project
is not being considered at this time, but could be explored again in the future as CMWD continues to
coordinate with City of Oceanside.
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Cannon Well Field
The Cannon Well Field, located within the Agua Hedionda Creek Basin subarea of the Carlsbad
Watershed, was historically used as a source of local water. Pumping ceased after 1962, but in the
years leading up to then, production ranged from 16 AFY to 238 AFY. This well field could be considered
having a potential available yield of 450 AFY. Historically, additional small private wells for individual
residences were also located within this subarea, along with private wells in the Buena Vista Creek
Basin (CMWD, 2019b).
A 1991 study titled Report on the Feasibility for Development of the Cannon Well Field Carlsbad,
California was completed of the Agua Hedionda subunit where the Cannon Well Field is located. This
study indicated that by a 1950 agreement between then-landowner Ellen Hall and J.D. Cannon, the
Terramar Water Company was granted the right to drill for and remove water from the land. In 1964,
this original agreement was merged with an agreement with the City of Carlsbad and the then-
landowner to have the sole right and exclusive right to drill wells on the property and take and remove
all water developed on the property and deliver it to such places as the City, in its sole discretion, may
determine. The City (CMWD) shall be entitled to produce from the property an additional 16.5 AFY;
however, there are no recorded groundwater rights. The safe yield was estimated in the 1991 study at
400 AFY. CMWD could begin the process of developing the groundwater. The Rancho Carlsbad Mobile
Home Park has one operating well in the vicinity, estimated at 100 AFY, which it uses to supply water
for irrigation of their landscaping and through a separate agreement supply water to the adjacent
Rancho Carlsbad Golf Course. Ultimately, if there is excessive pumping, there may be adverse effects,
such as the elimination of surface flow in Agua Hedionda Creek, reduction in the wetlands area
downstream of the El Camino Real Bridge, and increased salinity in the transition zone of fresh water
to salt water in the Agua Hedionda Lagoon. These problems can be addressed if the Cannon Well Field
is developed by CMWD through a program of scheduled observations and monitoring.
CMWD must clarify its groundwater rights before providing groundwater to customers.. Groundwater
could potentially be recovered from the Mission Basin and/or Agua Hedionda Lagoon, although such
groundwater would require desalination. CMWD may still explore groundwater as a local water supply
concept; as such, groundwater is not included in CMWD’s supply projections. CMWD does not currently
pump groundwater; therefore, DWR Table 6-1 (Table 6-3) is not currently applicable.
Table 6-3: Groundwater Volume Pumped
DWR Table 6-1 Retail: Groundwater Volume Pumped
Supplier does not pump groundwater.
The supplier will not complete the table below.
6.4 Storm Water
While CMWD does not currently utilize storm water for supply, the City of Carlsbad’s 2020 Climate
Action Plan identified greywater and rainwater goals, and associated actions, to take over the 2020
UWMP planning horizon.
CMWD evaluated the San Diego Region Stormwater Capture and Use Feasibility Study prepared for
the County of San Diego in 2018. In addition, CMWD has already implemented one of the study
alternatives by providing outreach and information on rebates for private rain barrels. In general, costs
to implement many of the alternatives presented in the study are greater than the cost to purchase
from local water supply sources (i.e. desalination). If CMWD was to treat rainwater for potable use, it
would need a significant investment in infrastructure to capture, treat, and convey such water. CMWD
will continue to monitor the development of funding opportunities and best practices by which to
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pursue storm water reuse projects in the future. As such, the 2020 UWMP complies with the Poinsettia
61 Settlement and Community Benefit Agreement, specifically section 4.3.11, approved by City
Council resolution 2017-044 on March 14, 2017.
6.5 Desalinated Water
Since 1999, a large-scale seawater desalination facility has been actively explored as a potential local
supply for the San Diego region. CMWD was involved in planning for the seawater desalination facility
throughout its development. After exploring the feasibility of a variety of purchase agreements and
delivery structures, Poseidon Resources (Channelside), L.P. (Poseidon), SDCWA, and SDCWA’s
member agencies came to agreement to move forward with implementation of a desalination facility
for the region. In 2015, Poseidon completed construction of the Carlsbad Desalination Plant, located
at the Encina Power Plant site adjacent to Agua Hedionda Lagoon, and began deliveries of desalinated
seawater. Desalinated water produced at this facility is designated a local supply. Desalinated water
from this facility is pumped to SDCWA’s Twin Oaks Treatment Plant (refer to Figure 3-4), where it is
blended with treated imported water for delivery to SDCWA member agencies, including CMWD. On
April 12, 2016, CMWD Board of Directors approved an agreement between SDCWA and CMWD for the
planning and design of the direct connection to the desalinated pipeline (Carlsbad 5 Flow Control
Facility and Pressure Reducing Station), to provide 2,500 AFY of local desalinated seawater to CMWD
through a Take or Pay agreement. SDCWA currently purchases all the water produced at the
desalination facility under its purchase agreement with Poseidon. In addition to receiving desalinated
seawater through SDCWA’s supply mix, CMWD also opted to maintain its rights to receive water directly
from the desalinated pipeline coming from the facility. A direct connection would improve water supply
reliability and add infrastructure redundancy by providing a delivery system independent of SDCWA’s
larger system. Should supply disruption occur as a result of damage to SDCWA’s system, CMWD would
still be able to receive desalinated seawater if and when the option to pursue a direct connection to
the facility, which will consist of Carlsbad 5 Flow Control Facility and Pressure Reducing Station, is
implemented. CMWD is currently working to determine if the direct connection is financially feasible.
Through its general purchase of water supplies from SDCWA, CMWD receives a pro rata share of 1,449
AFY desalinated water. CMWD also directly receives an additional 2,500 AFY desalinated water as part
of a Take or Pay agreement. This direct supply is considered a local supply for CMWD. In the event that
additional water is produced by the Carlsbad Desalination Plant, beyond SDCWA’s annual demand
commitment of 48,000 AFY, CMWD may purchase an additional volume of desalinated water, equal
to 5.21% of the additional production. This additional water is not accounted for in current supply
projections due to uncertainty surrounding its procurement. While the Carlsbad Desalination Plant has
a capacity of 56,000 AFY, CMWD only receives a portion through its agreement with SDCWA (see Table
6-4).
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Table 6-4: Source Water Desalination (AFY)
DWR Table 6-8ds: Source Water Desalination
Neither groundwater nor surface water are reduced in salinity prior to distribution.
Plant Name
or Well ID
Plant
Capacity Intake Type
Source
Water
Type
Influent
TDS
Brine
Discharge
Volume of Water Desalinated in AFY
2016 2017 2018 2019 2020
Carlsbad
Desalination
Plant
56,000
open-water
intake
(screened or
unscreened)
sea
water
.015
ntu Brine Line 1,250 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500
Total 1,250 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500
Notes: CMWD purchases ocean desalinated water blended with non-desal water from its wholesaler, SDCWA.
As shown in Table 6-5, brackish groundwater from the San Luis Rey Valley provide opportunity for the
development of additional desalinated water within CMWD’s service area as a future supply source.
Table 6-5: Opportunities for Desalinated Water
Sources of Water Opportunities
Brackish groundwater Mission Subbasin of San Luis Rey Valley
6.6 Transfers and Exchange Opportunities
CMWD relies on water purchased from SDCWA and desalinated seawater for potable water supplies,
and does not participate individually in any water transfer or exchange programs at this time. After
completion of the Phase III Recycled Water Project, CMWD may provide recycled water via transfers or
exchanges to other agencies in the future as part of the North San Diego Water Reuse Coalition
(NSDWRC), a nine-agency regional recycled water system, described in further detail in Section 6.8
Future Water Projects, below. In addition, CMWD has informal agreements with neighboring agencies
for emergency purposes only that are not considered in CMWD’s normal supplies. These interties
would only be needed in rare emergency events or planned maintenance.
6.7 Wastewater and Recycled Water
The City of Carlsbad provides wastewater collection services, and EWA provides wastewater treatment.
CMWD owns the Carlsbad Water Recycling Facility that provides recycled water to its customers.
CMWD produces, buys, sells, and distributes recycled water to customers both within its service area
and to customers located in adjacent agency service areas. Table 6-6 provides a summary of recycled
water supply and demand, which are all further explained in detail below. CMWD’s supply projections
are significantly higher than current identified demands because CMWD has the potential to retain its
current purchasing rights from VWD and has also expanded its Carlsbad WRF to increase local
production of recycled water. CMWD will either identify new non-potable customers or sell the recycled
water to neighboring agencies to allow the region to maximize local sources. CMWD anticipates only
producing as much recycled water at Carlsbad WRF to meet demands, but the potential surplus of
recycled water allows for flexibility in management of its supplies, and provides potential for increasing
recycled water use within and adjacent to CMWD’s service area.
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Table 6-6: Summary of CMWD’s Recycled Water Supplies and Demands (AFY)
20201 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Recycled Water
Supplies
Carlsbad WRF2 2,118 2,318 2,318 2,318 2,318 2,318
Meadowlark WRF3 1,646 1,900 1,900 1,900 1,900 1,900
Total Recycled Water
Supplies 3,764 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
Recycled Water
Demands
Projected Recycled
Water Demands4
3,764 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
Potential Recycled
Water Surplus 0 0 0 0 0 0
1 Actual 2020 volume supplied.
2 CMWD anticipates producing as much recycled water at Carlsbad WRF to meet demands. See Table 6-13 and
6-14 for the total safe yield.
3Meadowlark supplies based on average between 2015 and 2020. See Table 6-13 and 6-14 for the total safe
yield.
4 Projected recycled water demands reflect demands anticipated with completion of the Phase III expansion, which
is expected to be complete in 2022. Recycled water demands after 2022 may increase or decrease depending on
many factors, but any future additional pipeline expansions or connections are too conceptual to be included in this
2020 UWMP.
6.7.1 Recycled Water Coordination
For production and delivery of recycled water sufficient to meet local demands, CMWD’s recycled water
system requires coordination with the two agencies listed here. CMWD’s relationship with each of
these organizations is also described.
· Encina Wastewater Authority (EWA): Regional wastewater collection and treatment system;
supplies secondary effluent to Carlsbad WRF for tertiary treatment and discharges unused
secondary effluent to the Pacific Ocean via the Encina Ocean Outfall
· Vallecitos Water District (VWD): Produces tertiary recycled water and sells to CMWD
6.7.2 Wastewater Treatment and Collection Facilities
EWA provides regional treatment and effluent disposal through an ocean outfall from the EWPCF. EWA
is owned by six agencies in northern San Diego County, and operates under a joint powers authority:
Cities of Carlsbad, Vista, and Encinitas, VWD, Buena Sanitation District, and LWWD. In total, EWA
provides wastewater services to approximately 377,000 people and is comprised of approximately
123 square miles of coastal north San Diego County (EWA, 2020). Wastewater collected by EWA
members are conveyed to the EWPCF, where it is treated to secondary, and either discharged to the
Pacific Ocean via the Encina Ocean Outfall or conveyed to the Carlsbad WRF or Gafner WRF for
additional treatment for beneficial reuse. The City of Carlsbad owns capacity rights at EWPCF for 10.26
mgd. The EWPCF provides full secondary treatment, sludge handling, and disposal through a deep
ocean outfall, Encina Ocean Outfall. The outfall extends along the ocean floor to a point one and a
half miles off shore, at a depth of over 150 feet. Treatment levels at EWPCF meet all current State and
Federal requirements. Refer to Figure 6-1 for location of the EWPCF and Encina Ocean Outfall.
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Within CMWD’s water service area, wastewater collection is provided by the City of Carlsbad and
LWWD. The City of Carlsbad’s sewer system includes 265 miles of pipeline, and conveyed an average
flow of 6.32 mgd for Fiscal Year 2020, a 0.38% increase over 2019 (EWA, 2020). LWWD provides
wastewater services to the La Costa portion of CMWD’s service area and operates approximately 200
miles of pipeline to serve 62,600 people in Carlsbad and neighboring Encinitas (LWWD, 2020).
LWWD’s flows to the EWPCF averaged 3.85 mgd in Fiscal Year 2020, a 0.32% decrease from 2019
(EWA, 2020). All sewer flows are conveyed to the EWPCF for treatment.
Table 6-7 identifies the wastewater collected within CMWD’s service area, while Table 6-8 identifies
the volume of wastewater that is either recycled or discharged within CMWD’s service area. The
wastewater amounts generated within CMWD boundary are estimated to be approximately 5-10%
greater than the City of Carlsbad’s sewer service area because the CMWD service area also includes
a portion of LWWD’s sewer collection service area.
Recycled water is presently supplied
to CMWD from two sources
consisting of a maximum allocation
of 7.0 mgd from Carlsbad WRF and
3.0 mgd from Meadowlark WRF
(owned by VWD). Meadowlark can
produce up to 5.0 mgd tertiary
recycled water, or 5,600 AFY.
Approximately 1,900 AFY of this
tertiary recycled water is typically
delivered to CMWD, and
approximately 750 AFY is typically
delivered to Olivenhain Municipal
Water District.
Chlorine contact basin at the existing Carlsbad WRF
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 79 of 652
May 2022 6-12 2020 Urban Water Management Plan Water Supplies Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft Table 6-7: Wastewater Collected within Service Area in 2020 (AFY) DWR Table 6-2 Retail: Wastewater Collected Within Service Area in 2020 There is no wastewater collection system. The supplier will not complete the table below. 100% Percentage of 2020service area covered by wastewater collection system 100% Percentage of 2020 service area population covered by wastewater collection system Wastewater Collection Recipient of Collected Wastewater Name of Wastewater Collection Agency Wastewater Volume Metered or Estimated? Volume of Wastewater Collected in 2020 (AFY) Name of Wastewater Treatment Agency Receiving Collected Wastewater Treatment Plant Name Is WWTP Located Within UWMP Area? Is WWTP Operation Contracted to a Third Party? City of Carlsbad Metered 7,128 Encina Wastewater Authority Encina Pollution Control Facility Yes Yes Leucadia Wastewater District Estimated 744 Encina Wastewater Authority Encina Pollution Control Facility Yes Yes Vallecitos Water District Estimated 20 Encina Wastewater Authority Encina Pollution Control Facility Yes Yes Total Wastewater Collected from Service Area in 2020: 7,892 NOTES: Wastewater flows are reported for Fiscal Year 2020, ending June 30, 2020. In 2015, CMWD estimated that total wastewater flows within its service area are 5-10% higher than those collected by the City of Carlsbad due to LWWD providing sewer collection service to a portion of CMWD's service area (refer to Figure 3-4). The 744 AF was reported by Leucadia for last FY. The Encina Pollution Control Facility is owned and operated by the Encina Wastewater Authority, a joint powers authority that is owned by six agencies, including City of Carlsbad and Leucadia Wastewater District. Vallecitos collects wastewater for 80 homes in the CMWD service area. The agreement estimates that Vallecitos collects 220 gallons per day of wastewater from each home. June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 80 of 652
May 2022 6-13 2020 Urban Water Management Plan Water Supplies Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft Table 6-8: Wastewater Treatment and Discharge within CMWD’s Service Area (AFY) DWR Table 6-3 Retail: Wastewater Treatment and Discharge Within Service Area in 2020 No wastewater is treated or disposed of within the UWMP service area. The supplier will not complete the table below. Wastewater Treatment Plant Name Discharge Location Name or Identifier Discharge Location Description Wastewater Discharge ID Number (optional) Method of Disposal Does This Plant Treat Wastewater Generated Outside the Service Area? Treatment Level 2020 volumes (AFY) Wastewater Treated Discharged Treated Wastewater Recycled Within Service Area Recycled Outside of Service Area Instream Flow Permit Require-ment Encina Water Pollution Control Facility1 Encina Ocean Outfall Pacific Ocean Ocean outfall Yes Secondary, Undisinfected 26,947 25,970 0 0 n/a Encina Water Pollution Control Facility1 Carlsbad WRF Carlsbad WRF Other Yes Tertiary 0 0 2,118 0 n/a Encina Water Pollution Control Facility1 Gafner WRF Gafner WRF Other Yes Tertiary 0 0 193 0 n/a Meadowlark WRF2 CMWD CMWD Customers Other Yes Tertiary 1,760 114 1,646 728 n/a Total 28,707 26,083 3,957 728 n/a NOTES: Wastewater flows reported in this table are for Fiscal Year 2020. All wastewater flows within CMWD's service area are treated at EWPCF, which discharges to three facilities - an Ocean Outfall, the Carlsbad WRF, and Gafner WWTP, the latter two of which recycle water for reuse. Meadowlark WRF, located outside of the CMWD service area, discharges wastewater to the VWD failsafe and the EWA ocean outfall, which is within the Carlsbad service area. Vallecitos Water District owns Meadowlark and operates it within their service area. LWWD produces and delivers recycled water to the south portion of the Omni La Costa Resort & Spa Golf Course within CMWD's service area. June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 81 of 652
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Encina Water Pollution Control Facility
The EWPCF is owned and operated by EWA. It currently treats an average flow over 20 mgd wastewater,
but has the capacity to treat 40.5 mgd. The EWPCF produces over 5.0 mgd of secondary treated
recycled water. Treated secondary recycled water is used in the plant and reduces costs for potable
water required to operate the facility. Additional effluent flows from the facility are diverted from the
ocean outfall and transferred to Carlsbad WRF. Secondary effluent that cannot be reused, either
directly or through additional treatment to meet tertiary recycled water demands, is discharged
through the Encina Ocean Outfall.
Carlsbad Water Recycling Facility
The Carlsbad WRF, owned by
CMWD but operated by EWA staff,
can currently be maximized at 7.0
mgd (7,839 AFY). Recent
consumption report data show an
average of 3,900 AFY in combined
recycled water deliveries in the
past three years, with an average
of 2,034 AFY from the Carlsbad
WRF. This facility receives
secondary treated water from the
EWPCF for tertiary treatment.
Gafner Water Recycling
Facility
The Gafner WRF is owned and
operated by LWWD, and has a total
capacity of 1.0 mgd (RWQCB,
2001). Currently, CMWD no longer
purchases these supplies. Rather, LWWD sells and delivers directly to the south portion of the Omni
La Costa Resort & Spa golf course, which is in the southern portion of CMWD’s service area.
Meadowlark Water Reclamation Facility
Meadowlark WRF is owned and operated by VWD, and has a total capacity of 5.0 mgd. CMWD’s rights
to disinfected tertiary water from the Meadowlark WRF ranges from 2.0 mgd during the months of
November through March and 3.0 mgd during the months of April through October and equates to
2,989 AFY. The remaining amount of recycled water produced by the Meadowlark WRF can be sold to
OMWD under an agreement up to a maximum of 1.0 mgd or 1,120 AFY. CMWD generally purchases
approximately 1,900 AFY recycled water from Meadowlark WRF, although 2020 resulted in slightly
lower purchases of 1,646 AF. In 2020, Meadowlark produced a total of 2,374 AF recycled water.
6.7.3 Recycled Water Master Plan
CMWD completed an update to its Recycled Water Master Plan in July 2019. The Recycled Water
Master Plan evaluates the existing recycled water system, demands, supplies, regulations, and future
system expansions. Beginning in 1990, CMWD began implementation of recycled water within its
service area. By 1995, CMWD served over 1,000 AFY of recycled water through the implementation of
the recycled water system facilities of Phase I. CMWD began implementation of Phase II in 2000, which
included the construction of the Carlsbad WRF, improvements to Mahr reservoir, three new booster
Carlsbad Recycled Water Facility (Carlsbad WRF)
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pump stations, and 24 miles of additional recycled water pipelines. CMWD is now in the process of
implementing its Phase III Recycled Water Project, which is discussed in further detail in Section 6.8
Future Water Projects, below.
6.7.4 Recycled Water Use
CMWD began serving recycled water in 1993. Since 1993, CMWD has constructed treatment facilities,
pumping stations, reservoirs, pipelines, and has adopted a mandatory use ordinance requiring
developers to install recycled water distribution pipelines within their projects. Water recycling is
provided by CMWD to developed areas within CMWD’s boundaries. This includes the majority of the
City of Carlsbad’s boundary, with the exception of the southeast corner of the City, which is served by
OMWD and VWD, and the south portion of the Omni La Costa Resort & Spa golf course, which is served
directly by LWWD. As described above and identified in Table 6-13, recycled water is presently supplied
to CMWD from two sources: Carlsbad WRF and Meadowlark WRF. The maximum flow rate available to
CMWD from each treatment facility varies.
CMWD’s current recycled water system has approximately 95 miles of recycled water distribution
pipelines, as shown in Figure 6-1, and is expanding its system through the Phase III Recycled Water
Project. The largest and/or most recognized customers currently served by recycled water include:
· Omni La Costa Resort & Spa North
golf course,
· Four Seasons Resort at Aviara
· Kemper Sports Management
(Carlsbad Municipal Golf Course)
· Legoland of California
· Grand Pacific Palisades Hotel
· Karl Strauss Brewery
· Caltrans (Interstate 5 landscaping)
· The NRG Power Plant (for industrial
purposes)
In addition, recycled water is supplied to
parks, median strips, shopping areas, the
common areas of numerous
homeowners’ associations, and industrial
parks. As of December 2020, this
distribution system had 970 meters
supplying 606 recycled use sites. With full
implementation of the Phase III Recycled
Water Project (see below), an additional 143 connections will be connected to CMWD’s recycled water
distribution system. CMWD projects a total of 4,218 AFY recycled water demands beginning in 2022
and into the future. This includes only verifiable recycled water supplies, consistent with SDCWA’s
demand projections, but does not include planned or conceptual recycled water projects. There is
potential for future projects to expand recycled water demands and deliveries beyond this volume.
Recycled water use (current and projected) is presented, by use category, in Table 6-9.
The 150 HP Twin “D” Pump Station, which helps
deliver recycled water to CMWD customers.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 83 of 652
May 2021 6-16 2020 Urban Water Management Plan Water Supplies Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft Table 6-9: Current and Projected Recycled Water Direct Beneficial Uses Within Service Area (AFY) DWR Table 6-4 Retail: Recycled Water Direct Beneficial Uses Within Service Area Recycled water is not used and is not planned for use within the service area of the supplier. The supplier will not complete the table below. Name of Agency Producing (Treating) the Recycled Water: Carlsbad Municipal Water District, Vallecitos Water District, Leucadia Wastewater District Name of Agency Operating the Recycled Water Distribution System: Carlsbad Municipal Water District Supplemental Water Added in 2020 0 AFY Source of 2020 Supplemental Water N/A Beneficial Use Type Potential Beneficial Uses of Recycled Water (Describe) Amount of Potential Uses of Recycled Water (AFY) General Description of 2020 Uses Level of Treatment 2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 Agricultural irrigation Landscape irrigation (excludes golf courses) Irrigation for City property and large used spaces Commercial property irrigation, community facilities, highways, HOAs, resort property irrigation, parks, and schools Tertiary 2,996 3,493 3,493 3,493 3,493 3,493 Golf course irrigation Golf course irrigation Tertiary 725 725 725 725 725 725 Commercial use Cooling Cooling Tertiary 0 0 0 0 0 0 Industrial use NRG Power Plant NRG Power Plant Tertiary 43 0 0 0 0 0 Geothermal and other energy production June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 84 of 652
May 2021 6-17 2020 Urban Water Management Plan Water Supplies Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft Seawater intrusion barrier Recreational impoundment Wetlands or wildlife habitat Groundwater recharge (IPR) Surface water augmentation (IPR) Direct potable reuse Other Public Works Project Public Works Project Tertiary 0 0 0 0 0 0 Total: 3,764 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 Notes: CMWD does not track recycled water sales for agricultural irrigation purposes; some of the landscape irrigation may include recycled water used for this purpose. Recycled water for golf course irrigation use declined between 2015 and 2020 due to the adoption of conservation practices in 2016-2018 in response to the drought, followed by a wet hydrologic year which depressed irrigation needs. The NRG power plant is currently being decommissioned. Recycled water for commercial cooling use was projected to be 62 AFY in the 2015 UWMP; however, this is no longer expected as of 2020. Recycled water for public works projects was projected to be 40 AFY in the 2015 UWMP; however, this is no longer expected as of 2020. June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 85 of 652
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6.7.5 Potential and Projected Recycled Water Use
Actual recycled water use in 2020 within CMWD’s service area was 3,764 AFY. The 2015 UWMP
projected recycled water use in 2020 would be 5,078 AFY. The difference is accounted for by delays
in construction and implementation of the Phase III Recycled Water Project and general
implementation of drought tolerant landscaping which has lower irrigation demands than turf. Table
6-10 compares the projected recycled water use for 2020 (as projected in the 2015 UWMP) with
actual metered recycled water use for 2020.
Table 6-10: 2015 UWMP Recycled Water Use Projection Compared to 2020 Actual (AFY)
DWR Table 6-5 Retail: 2015 UWMP Recycled Water Use Projection Compared to 2020 Actual
Recycled water was not used in 2015 nor projected for use in 2020.
The supplier will not complete the table below.
Use Type 2015 Projection for
2020 2020 actual use
Agricultural irrigation 23
Landscape irrigation (exc golf courses) 3,705 2,996
Golf course irrigation1 1,033 725
Commercial use 62 0
Industrial use 215 43
Geothermal and other energy production
Seawater intrusion barrier
Recreational impoundment
Wetlands or wildlife habitat
Groundwater recharge (IPR)
Surface water augmentation (IPR)
Direct potable reuse
Other Type: Public works projects 40
Total 5,078 3,764
NOTES: 1. Use of recycled water for golf course irrigation decreased between 2015 to 2020 because of water
conservation measures implemented in 2016 to 2018 in response to the drought, followed by wet years in which
the demand for recycled water for irrigation was depressed.
6.7.6 Methods to Encourage Recycled Water Use
CMWD has actively pursued recycled water in its service area and has implemented multiple
mechanisms to encourage recycled water use. Some of these mechanisms include affordable rates,
policies and ordinances, development of clear use guidelines, participation in regional trainings and
certifications, and active participation in regional and local recycled water projects that include
outreach and expanded distribution systems. Table 6-11 provides a summary of the methods that
have been used to encourage recycled water use within CMWD’s service area.
In 2021, CMWD charged a rate of $3.79/unit, or approximately $1,651/AF for recycled water. This is
lower than potable water rates for all customer classes and rate types. Commercial and Non-
Residential customers paid $4.36/unit potable water, Agricultural customers paid $4.71/unit potable
water, and Irrigation customers paid $5.41/unit potable water. Recycled water can be an attractive
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choice given potential savings as compared to potable water of between $0.57/unit and $1.52/unit
for non-residential users, and up to $0.34/unit for tier 1 residential user.
CMWD policy is that recycled water shall be used within the jurisdiction wherever its use is
economically justified, financially and technically feasible, and consistent with legal requirements,
preservation of public health, safety and welfare, and the environment. Since 1990, City policy requires
that recycled water be used on all new land use developments proposed in the City of Carlsbad for all
State-approved non-potable uses, if and when available. CMWD’s Recycled Water Master Plan (2019)
was prepared in support of CMWD’s recycled water policy to define, encourage and develop the use
of recycled water, and is required to be updated no less than every five years. The installation of dual
irrigation systems and connections to recycled water sources is also required and subject to the
conditions of CMWD’s Recycled Water Master Plan.
CMWD has Cross Connection Control Technicians who review on-site irrigation systems to verify no
cross connections have occurred between the potable and recycled water systems. In addition, reviews
are made to eliminate overspray and nuisance problems. To date, no major problems have occurred.
A quarterly report is submitted to the San Diego Regional Water Quality Control Board (RWQCB) on any
field tests and observations. Cross connection tests are often performed at night to reduce impacts
on customers.
CMWD’s Engineering Standards – Volume
2: Potable and Recycled Water (CMWD,
2016) provide user guidelines that have
been established by CMWD, in
conjunction with the review by San Diego
County Department of Environmental
Health, which are intended to provide the
basic parameters for the use of recycled
water in landscape irrigation.
Each year, the City of San Diego Public
Utilities Department hosts a half-day
certified course designed to provide
irrigation supervisors with a basic
understanding of recycled water.
Completion of the Recycled Water Site
Supervisor Certification fulfills the training
requirement as mandated by regulatory authorities. The class provides information to supervisors on
the water recycling process, recycled water quality and safety issues, the duties and responsibilities of
the supervisor, landscape irrigation fundamentals, maintenance and management, and cross
connection control shut-down tests and inspections. Understanding similarities and differences
between recycled and potable water is important to the successful operation of a recycled water
system.
City of Carlsbad Recycled Water Use Guidance
· Irrigate between 10:00 p.m. and 6:00 a.m. only.
· Irrigate to minimize run-off, pooling and ponding.
· Adjust spray heads to eliminate overspray onto areas
not controlled by the user.
· Monitor and maintain the system to minimize
equipment and material failure.
· Continually educate all maintenance personnel on
the presence and allowable uses of recycled water.
· Gain prior approval by CMWD of all proposed
changes and modifications to any private facilities.
· Conduct annual cross connection inspection.
· Designate an on-site supervisor, in writing, who is
familiar with the plumbing system, basic concepts of
backflow/cross connection protection and the specific
requirements of a recycled water system.
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Table 6-11: Methods to Expand Future Recycled Water Use (AFY)
DWR Table 6-6 Retail: Methods to Expand Future Recycled Water Use
Supplier does not plan to expand recycled water use in the future. Supplier will not complete
the table below but will provide narrative explanation.
N/A Provide page location of narrative in UWMP
Name of Action Description
Planned
Implementation
Year
Expected
Increase in
Recycled
Water Use
(AFY)
Rate Controls Maintain recycled water rates below potable
water rates On-going
Mandatory Use
Ordinance
Requires dual plumbing in new development
and use of recycled water if available 1990
Public Outreach
On-going Outreach and education efforts as
part of NSDWRC to educate public on benefits,
safety, and proper use of various types of
recycled water
On-going
Phase III Recycled
Water Project –
Segment 5
Expand recycled water system to meet
identified demands 2022 188
Total 188
NOTES: The actions included in this table all support increased recycled water use made available and accessible
through the Phase III Recycled Water Project.
6.8 Future Water Projects
Recycled Water
CMWD is nearing the completion of implementing the Phase III Recycled Water Project, which is being
implemented by segment. Portions of this project have already been built and are, therefore,
considered in CMWD’s existing water supplies and demands. Of the segments not yet implemented,
there is a total of 188 AF in demands considered to be “verifiable.” These demands are ones that have
already been awarded funding or are far enough along in the design and contracting process to be
considered certain. The remaining demands of the Phase III Recycled Water Project are considered
“planned” or conceptual recycled water demands and are not included in the recycled water
projections in this UWMP. The Phase III project includes the following components, designed to meet
the following demands. Note that some demands may have changed as the project is being
implemented:
· Segment 1A&7 – 158
AFY
· Segment 2 – 286 AFY
· Segment 5 – 188 AFY
· Segment 7 – 114 AFY
· Segment 9 – 91 AFY
· Segment 18 – 25 AFY
· Connection of Adjacent to
Existing Users – 86 AFY
· Carlsbad WRF Expansion
· D-4 Reservoir
CMWD is also one of nine member agencies of the NSDWRC, which is cooperatively implementing a
regional recycled water system to maximize recycled water use and implement potable reuse in
northern San Diego County. CMWD’s portion of the NSDWRC Regional Project is the Phase III Recycled
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Water Project. Through the NSDWRC, CMWD may provide recycled water to other members, and may
receive additional recycled water from other members, as necessary.
North County One Water
Building on over a decade of collaborative efforts in the region by the NSDWRC, EWA and SEJPA have
been working with multiple local water agencies to develop the North County One Water Program. It is
currently in the preliminary planning phase. The wastewater flows and facilities from two coastal
treatment facilities in North San Diego County, the EWPCF and the San Elijo Water Reclamation Facility
(SEWRF), represent a unique opportunity for large-scale production of purified water. The EWPCF in
the City of Carlsbad, California could accommodate an advanced water purification facility. The EWPCF
has key assets available for production of purified water such as an ocean outfall, available land for
advanced treatment, treated secondary effluent and technically capable staff. The SEWRF in the
Cardiff area within the City of Encinitas, California could also accommodate an advanced water
purification facility. The SEWRF also has key assets available for production of purified water such as
an ocean outfall, available land for advanced treatment, treated secondary effluent and technically
capable staff. The program would supply an estimated 18,000 AFY to 35,000 AFY of purified water by
2035. Members of the Encina Wastewater Authority are embarking on preliminary planning and a
possible pilot program. CMWD expects to have the opportunity to purchase purified water by 2035.
Additional information about the NSDWRC and its recycled water project can be found at
http://nsdwrc.org/. Because the North County One Water Program is still in the planning stages, it is
not counted as a future water supply in Table 6-14.
Groundwater
Potential groundwater supplies are still considered uncertain, and are not accounted for in Table 6-
14, which presents reasonably available volume of future water supplies. Despite this uncertainty,
CMWD will reassess the benefits and costs of developing its groundwater rights in the future, which
could help to offset CMWD’s demands on SDCWA for potable water. This addition of groundwater to
CMWD’s supply portfolio could strengthen its supply reliability and help reduce CMWD’s reliance on
imported supplies.
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Desalinated Seawater
As noted previously, CMWD’s Board approved an agreement with SDCWA to develop a direct
connection to the desalinated seawater pipeline, though preliminary design and a feasibility analysis
is still underway. Development of this
supply would involve implementation
of the Carlsbad 5 Flow Control Facility
and Pressure Reducing Station
project. If constructed, CMWD would
own and operate the Pressure
Reducing Station component, while
the flow control facility would be
constructed in agreement with
SDCWA. CMWD could purchase an
additional 5.21% of any desalinated
seawater produced beyond the
48,000 AFY minimum volume
produced for SDCWA, which would
further increase CMWD’s share of
desalinated seawater in its supply
mix.
Claude “Bud” Lewis Carlsbad Desalination Plant is located
adjacent to the Agua Hedionda Lagoon
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 90 of 652
May 2021 6-23 2020 Urban Water Management Plan Water Supplies Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft Table 6-12: Expected Future Water Supply Projects or Programs DWR Table 6-7 Retail: Expected Future Water Supply Projects or Programs No expected future water supply projects or programs that provide a quantifiable increase to the agency’s water supply. Supplier will not complete the table below. Some or all of the supplier’s future water supply projects or programs are not compatible with this table and are described in a narrative format. N/A Provide page location of narrative in the UWMP Name of Future Projects or Programs Joint Project with other agencies? Description Planned Implementation Year Planned for Use in Year Type Expected Increase in Water Supply to Agency (AFY) Y/N Agency Name Phase III Recycled Water Project – Long-term demands No Expansion of recycled water distribution system 2035 Average Year -- Groundwater Supply No Development of groundwater supplies -- Average Year Unknown at this time NSDWRC Regional Project Yes Leucadia Wastewater District, Vallecitos Water District, City of Oceanside, City of Escondido, Olivenhain Municipal Water District, Rincon del Diablo Municipal Water District, San Elijo Joint Powers Authority, Santa Fe Irrigation District, and Vista Irrigation District Regional recycled water project 2035 Average Year Supports implementation of Phase III recycled water project Carlsbad 5 Flow Control Facility and Pressure Reducing Station Yes SDCWA Development of a direct connection to the desalinated seawater pipeline -- Average Year Additional 5.21% of any desalinated seawater produced beyond the 48,000 AFY minimum volume produced for SDCWA June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 91 of 652
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6.9 Current and Projected Water Supplies
CMWD’s supplies include SDCWA water (treated SWP and Colorado River, along with desalinated
seawater, purchased as a blend from SDCWA), recycled water, and could in the future include
groundwater. Current water supplies for CMWD during 2020 are presented in Table 6-13. Projected
supplies for CMWD are presented in Table 6-14, and include water supply projects that are underway
or in development, along with projected population growth and supply availability from SDCWA.
Table 6-13: Water Supplies – Actual (AFY)
DWR Table 6-8 Retail: Water Supplies — Actual
Water Supply Additional Detail
on Water Supply
2020
Actual
Volume
Water
Quality
Total Right or Safe Yield
(optional)
Purchased or Imported
Water
Purchased from
SDCWA 11,429 Drinking
Water 11,429
Purchased Local Water
(Desal)
Purchased from
SDCWA 2,500 Drinking
Water 2,500
Recycled Water Carlsbad WRF 2,118 Recycled
Water 7,839
Recycled Water Meadowlark
WRF 1,646 Recycled
Water 2,989
Total 17,692 24,757
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May 2021 6-25 2020 Urban Water Management Plan Water Supplies Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft Table 6-14: Water Supplies – Projected (AFY) DWR Table 6-9 Retail: Water Supplies — Projected Water Supply Additional Detail on Water Supply Projected Water Supply Report To the Extent Practicable 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 Reasonably Available Volume Total Right or Safe Yield (optional) Reasonably Available Volume Total Right or Safe Yield (optional) Reasonably Available Volume Total Right or Safe Yield (optional) Reasonably Available Volume Total Right or Safe Yield (optional) Reasonably Available Volume Total Right or Safe Yield (optional) Purchased or Imported Water Purchased from SDCWA 13,802 13,802 14,155 14,155 14,586 14,586 15,019 15,019 15,545 15,545 Recycled Water Carlsbad WRF 2,318 7,839 2,318 7,839 2,318 7,839 2,318 7,839 2,318 7,839 Recycled Water Meadowlark WRF 1,900 2,989 1,900 2,989 1,900 2,989 1,900 2,989 1,900 2,989 Desalinated Water Carlsbad Desalination Plant (purchased under Take or Pay with SDCWA) 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 Total 20,520 27,130 20,873 27,483 21,304 27,914 21,737 28,347 22,263 28,873 NOTES: CMWD receives 2,500 AFY desalinated water through a purchase agreement with SDCWA. If the plant produces more desalinated water and SDCWA purchases more than the 48,000 AFY that it currently purchases, CMWD may receive an additional 5.21% of the additional amount available. Because of uncertainty regarding this water, it has been omitted from this table as an available volume. Purchases from SDCWA are not limited by Total Right or Safe Yield. June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 93 of 652
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6.10 Energy Intensity of Supplies
CMWD elected to estimate the energy intensity of its potable supplies using Appendix O of the
Guidebook. A technical memorandum and the applicable Appendix O tables have been included here
as Appendix H of this 2020 UWMP.
Water energy intensity (EI) is the total amount of energy expended on a per AF basis to take water from
the location CMWD acquires it to the point of delivery. Thus, EI includes conveyance, extraction,
treatment, placing water into and taking it from storage, and distribution. CMWD’s water EI only
accounts for the water management processes occurring within its operational control; energy use
associated with the extraction, treatment and conveyance of wholesale water to CMWD’s points of
diversion is not included. CMWD receives its potable water from SDCWA and this water is already
treated prior to entering CMWD’s distribution system. CMWD also receives potable water from the
Claude “Bud” Lewis Carlsbad Desalination Plant. The desalinated water is also already treated prior
to entering CMWD’s operational control and the energy involved in delivering the desalinated water is
captured in the overall distribution system energy demands. Thus, energy demands for CMWD’s
potable system are limited to the requirements for distribution and limited local storage. As of 2021,
CMWD’s potable water distribution system is entirely gravity fed.
Using San Diego Gas & Electric billing data for CMWD, which documents the amount of power needed
to serve CMWD potable water equipment, such as chlorination equipment, pumping, and SCADA
monitoring equipment, CMWD’s total energy use associated with potable water supplies over the time
period October 2019-September 2020 was 144,679 kWh. During this same timeframe, CMWD
received 13,170 AF of water, including desalinated seawater and purchased water from SDCWA that
was placed in local storage or distributed to customers. Note that water placed in storage in any given
year is excluded from gross water use reported elsewhere in this document. CMWD uses hydropower
from the pressure difference of purchased SDCWA water and CMWD operational pressures. During
the time period from October 2019-September 2020, CMWD generated 470,287 kWh of hydropower
from this source. This type of hydropower is referred to by DWR as “consequential” hydropower
because it is generated as a consequence of water delivery. According to DWR recommended methods
for estimating EI (Appendix O of the Guidebook), this “consequential” hydropower is subtracted from
CMWD’s total energy use, to result in a net energy use of -325,608 kWh over the October 2019-
September 2020 year. CMWD’s potable water system therefore has a local EI of -24.7 kWh/AF,
meaning that CMWD’s potable water delivery is a net negative energy consumer, as calculated
according to the DWR UWMP Guidebook Appendix O methods. The energy savings are applied to other
utilities electric bills as credits.
Monthly energy demands vary greatly from month to month, depending on the length of time water
remains in local storage, the level of demand (affecting pumping and storage levels), and the need to
implement minor treatment or mixing to maintain potable quality. In addition, CMWD has made
investments in its potable water distribution system to rely primarily on gravity instead of pumps. Figure
6-2 shows energy demands and potable water consumption over the course of 2020.
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Figure 6-2: Monthly 2020 Energy Use and Potable Water Deliveries
Note: The high usage in February was due to the San Diego County Water Authority shutdown and the need to turn
on pumps.
According to Appendix O of the Guidebook, “the energy intensity of recycled water operations is the
incremental amount of energy consumed within an urban water supplier’s operational control to
convey, treat, and distribute recycled water supplies that exceeds the amount of energy that otherwise
would have been required to collect, treat, and discharge wastewater effluent divided by the amount
of water entering the recycled water distribution system.” CMWD has operational control over the
Carlsbad WRF, which, during the period January-December 2020 consumed 895,619 kWh of
electricity. In addition, CMWD has operational control over recycled water distribution, which used
11,159 kWh over the time period. During that time period, 3,764 AF of recycled water entered CMWD’s
recycled water process. As CMWD does not have operation control over wastewater treatment which
could be netted out of the energy consumed to treat and distribute recycled water supplies, its recycled
water EI is 241 kWh/AF.
6.11 Climate Change Impacts to Supply
Climate change is a concern for CMWD and other agencies within the San Diego region. A summary of
climate change vulnerabilities, impacts, and actions to address these impacts is provided in Section
3 System Description. While the exact effects of climate change are unknown, average temperatures
will increase, weather events will be more intense and more frequent, and precipitation patterns will
change. As with other agencies in the region, CMWD relies heavily on imported water purchased from
SDCWA. These imported supplies come from the SWP and the Colorado River. SWP reliability is
dependent on rainfall and snowpack, and the timing of snowmelt. Climate change will make snowpack
less reliable, either through changes in amount of water stored in snowpack, or through changes to
the timing of snowmelt (e.g., earlier melt means excess water is available when demands are low, and
less water is available during warmer months when demands are higher). Extreme weather events
could damage imported water infrastructure or could exacerbate drought conditions. Extreme climate
events, such as prolonged droughts, are also expected to increase fire event frequency and severity,
further exacerbating water quality issues and flooding risk associated with fire-prone and flood-prone
areas.
0
100,000
200,000
300,000
400,000
500,000
600,000
700,000
0
5,000
10,000
15,000
20,000
25,000
30,000
35,000
40,000
45,000
Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Potable Water DeliveriesEnergy Use (kWh)Potable Water Deliveries Energy Use (kWh)
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As identified by the Climate Change Planning Study included in the 2019 San Diego IRWM Plan
(RWMG, 2019), climate change is anticipated to result in up to a 25% decrease in supplies from the
SWP, up to a 20% decrease in supplies from the Colorado River, totaling a 164,000 AFY average
shortfall in imported supply for the San Diego Region. The Climate Change Vulnerability Analysis found
that that this anticipated decrease in imported supply was the greatest concern for the region, and
was given a “Very High Prioritization.” The vulnerabilities identified in the assessment may contribute
to issues including a decrease in imported supply, a decrease in groundwater supply, sensitivity due
to higher drought potential, and reduction in available supplies due to impacts from invasive species.
Local supply development is anticipated to help mitigate climate change impacts by developing
drought-resilient supplies (e.g. recycled water), reducing potential supply disruptions from imported
water, and reducing overall energy demands for providing water to customers.
Table 6-15: Climate Change Vulnerability Assessment
Vulnerability Question Justification
Does a portion of the water supply in your region
come from snowmelt?
Imported supplies (SWP, Colorado River) come
from snowmelt.
Does part of your region rely on water diverted
from the Delta, imported from the Colorado River,
or imported from other climate-sensitive systems
outside your region?
Approximately 80% of the Region's supplies are
imported.
Does part of your region rely on coastal aquifers?
Has salt intrusion been a problem in the past?
Some brackish groundwater exists near the
coast which limits the use of coastal aquifers.
Has your region faced a drought in the past
during which it failed to meet local water
demands?
Drought management plans had to be put into
effect. Note that the Region has never failed to
meet its customers’ demands since drought
measures were put into place.
Does your region have invasive species
management issues at your facilities, along
conveyance structures, or in habitat areas?
Invasive species include Quagga mussels,
Arundo, and Tamarisk
Source: RWMG, 2019.
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Water Supply Reliability
As an agency almost entirely dependent on SDCWA for its potable water supplies and with limited
diversification options for its local supply portfolio, CMWD is particularly concerned about water supply
reliability. CMWD is improving supply reliability by increasing recycled water use, utilizing local
desalinated seawater, and reducing imported water demands. SDCWA has also taken action to increase
its supply portfolio and decrease dependence on water imported via MWD. Nevertheless, there remain
a number of threats to supply reliability within CMWD’s service area.
7.1 Constraints on Water Sources
CMWD’s water supply is subject to some factors that could result in inconsistency of supply due to
legal, environmental, water quality, or climatic factors. As noted throughout this 2020 UWMP, CMWD’s
potable demands are almost entirely served with potable water purchased from SDCWA, and is subject
to availability of and access to those supplies. A lack of supply diversity contributes to potential supply
constraints. Table 7-1 provides a summary of potential threats to supply reliability for CMWD’s various
sources of potable and non-potable water.
Table 7-1: Constraints on Water Supplies
Source Potential Constraint on Supply
Imported
Water1
Legal: Current supply from SWP is occasionally inconsistent due to legal and
environmental factors. Future supply may not be consistent due to delays in
construction, legal rulings, or environmental decisions. Legal decisions regarding
the Quantification Settlement Agreement could reduce supplies from the Colorado
River.
Climatic: Drought and climate change could result in reductions of imported water
supply. Colorado River supply may be reduced due to an extended drought period.
Mandatory use restrictions during drought may affect ability to utilize supply, even if
sufficient supplies are available.
Desalinated
Seawater
No constraints identified at this time.
Groundwater
Legal: CMWD is continuing to monitor the costs and benefits of developing its
groundwater rights and the feasibility of using groundwater.
Water quality: The Mission Sub-Basin has high levels of total dissolved solids
(TDS) and requires desalination for potable use.
Other: Groundwater basins in the region have limited storage capacity.
Recycled
Water
Cost: Cost of recycled water system expansion can make it challenging to complete
connections.
1 Refer to SDCWA’s 2020 UWMP for additional details regarding constraints on their supplies
SDCWA Supply Constraints and Reliability Actions
SDCWA’s primary supplies include a mix of imported water from various sources and desalinated
seawater. As noted in Table 7-1, SDCWA supply constraints are primarily due to legal and climatic
factors. Imported water from the SWP may be subject to restrictions during drought or specific times
of year as a result of legal decisions to maintain minimum flows for environmental needs or other legal
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agreements. In addition, flows from SWP may be constrained if a section of the system shuts down for
repair, construction, or other reason. Imported Colorado River supplies are subject to the
Quantification Settlement Agreement (QSA), which may change as a result of legal decisions. However,
Colorado River supplies are considered substantially more secure than SWP supplies and are not
anticipated to be constrained in this manner. Colorado River supplies are higher in TDS than SWP
water however, affecting SDCWA’s blended raw water quality. This does not affect CMWD’s access to
SDCWA supplies because CMWD purchases treated water from SDCWA, not raw water.
Drought may also reduce availability of imported water to SDCWA, and subsequently reduce SDCWA
supply availability to CMWD. During the most recent drought, SWP supplies faced allocations in 2014,
2015, and 2016. In addition, under the Lower Colorado River Basin Drought Contingency Plan (Lower
Basin DCP; USBR 2019), California contractors, including MWD and SDCWA, have committed to
shortage allocations or “DCP Contributions” starting when the elevation of Lake Mead, a major storage
reservoir, drops to 1,045 feet. According to SDCWA’s 2020 UWMP, as of August 2020, projections
indicate that it is unlikely that Lake Mead will reach a level that requires contributions from California
thorough 2025. Operating agreements are set to expire in 2026 and new agreements would be
negotiated to govern storage and cutbacks beyond 2026.
SDCWA has taken steps to diversify its water supply with alternative sources, as described in SDCWA’s
2020 UWMP. Such efforts include canal lining and the Carlsbad Desalination Plant. SDCWA’s canal
lining project provides conserved water by preventing unplanned loss to incidental recharge. This
conserved water is guaranteed for SDCWA under the terms of the canal lining project. SDCWA also
enabled construction of the Carlsbad Desalination Plant by agreeing to a minimum annual purchase
of desalinated water from the facility. This increases supply reliability because it is a drought-proof
local supply. Desalinated seawater from the Carlsbad Desalination Plant meets approximately 8% of
the region’s potable water demands. In addition, many of SDCWA’s member agencies are taking steps
to diversity their water supplies through recycled water, groundwater, potable reuse and other local
supply projects.
The reduced availability of any one of SDCWA’s supply sources would be buffered because of the
diversity of the supplies; the region’s wholesale supplies are not reliant on a single source. To replace
or supplement an existing supply, SDCWA could take steps to increase development of transfers or
distribution of seawater desalination. SDCWA’s 2020 UWMP should be consulted for details regarding
its actions to ensure consistency of the wholesale water supply. While regional efforts to improve
supply diversification, storage, and system redundancy have worked to reduce the impacts such
allocations have on local access to supplies, there is potential that mandatory use restrictions (at a
statewide level) will be enacted during severe drought. Such restrictions, including those put in place
by the State in 2015, may not affect supply that the region has in storage, but could affect the region’s
ability to utilize supplies.
CMWD Local Supply Constraints and Reliability Actions
CMWD’s reliance on SDCWA for potable supplies leaves it vulnerable to supply disruptions to SDCWA’s
system. As a result, CMWD has taken steps to ensure a more consistent water supply by expanding its
local supplies. CMWD has two sources of local supply (recycled water and desalinated seawater) and
rights to one potential source of local supply (groundwater). Additionally, CMWD is exploring a potable
reuse project, which is still considered conceptual and not included in water supply projections in this
UWMP.
Constraints on recycled water are capacity, connectivity, and the associated costs of providing
additional connections. CMWD’s Phase III Recycled Water Project has expanded its tertiary recycled
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water production capacity, and is currently expanding CMWD’s recycled water distribution system to
reach additional customers, with anticipated completion in 2022. After the last feasible connection is
constructed in 2022, there may be an increase in demand for recycled water from existing
connections. However, there are no feasible new additional recycled water pipeline connections
identified beyond 2022. As such, CMWD has conservatively assumed in this 2020 UWMP that recycled
water demand is not increasing beyond 2022. In addition, as part of the NSDWRC, CMWD is
participating in a cooperative effort of nine north San Diego County water and wastewater agencies to
maximize recycled water use and improve interconnectivity between their non-potable water systems.
This effort will allow for additional flexibility in non-potable water system operation and increase
recycled water efficiencies. To help defray the cost of expanding its recycled water services, CMWD
has actively pursued additional funding programs to help cover costs of the Phase III Recycled Water
Project. As of the end of 2020, CMWD has received grants from Proposition 84 and Proposition 1, as
well as a low-interest loan through the Clean Water State Revolving Fund.
While CMWD is currently receiving its desalinated seawater via SDCWA’s pipelines, CMWD is planning
on constructing a direct connection to the desalinated seawater pipeline. CMWD and SDCWA are
working to develop a preliminary design that would connect the Carlsbad 5 Flow Control Facility and
Pressure Reducing Station to the Carlsbad Desalination Plant, which would provide a local, drought-
proof supply that would function independently of SDCWA’s distribution system. This would create
redundancy in the potable distribution system that would increase reliability of water deliveries from a
drought-proof, secure, supply.
To further diversify its local supplies, CMWD is continuing to monitor the costs and benefits of
developing its groundwater rights (refer to Section 6 System Supplies). Groundwater in the Mission
Subbasin is high in TDS and would require desalination before use as a supply. The addition of
groundwater to CMWD’s supply portfolio could reduce its reliance on SDCWA to meet potable
demands. However, because CMWD is currently monitoring its groundwater rights and the potential
available volume of groundwater supply is uncertain, it has been excluded from CMWD’s supply
portfolio in this 2020 UWMP.
CMWD is also collaborating with member agencies of the NSDWRC on development of a potable reuse
program known as the North County One Water Program. The City of Carlsbad is expected to receive
purified water from this effort by 2035. However, because the North County One Water Program is still
in the planning stages, it is not counted as a verifiable future water supply for the purposes of this
2020 UWMP.
In the event of a severe drought, CMWD could effectively implement temporary water use reduction
measures as defined in the water shortage contingency plan (see Chapter 8) to assist in ensuring
reliability. Such use reduction measures were implemented in the most recent drought (2014 to 2017)
and were successful in helping CMWD reach its temporary state-mandated reduction target of 28%
under the State’s Emergency Drought Restrictions issued in 2015.
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7.2 Reliability by Type of Year
The water supply available to CMWD is defined based on three water supply condition scenarios:
average/normal water year, single-
dry water year, and five multiple-
dry water year scenarios. The
water supplies available to CMWD
from SDCWA during single- and
multiple-dry years are based on
the historical dry periods
presented in Table 7-2 and are
defined in SDCWA’s 2020 UWMP.
Both of CMWD’s quantified local
supplies (desalinated seawater
and recycled water) are
considered drought-proof supplies
whose availability are not affected
by drought. Demand for recycled
water may increase in drought
conditions as irrigation practices
change; however, CMWD has
recycled water production capacity
to meet the anticipated increase in
demand under dry conditions (see Table 6-6). Because demands that cannot be met with local
supplies are met using supplies purchased from SDCWA, CMWD has aligned its water supply reliability
analysis with SDCWA’s supply reliability assessment.
Table 7-2: Basis of Water Year Data
DWR Table 7-1 Retail: Basis of Water Year Data (Reliability Assessment)
Year Type Base Year
Volume
Available
(AFY)
Available Supplies if
Year Type Repeats
% of Average Supply
Average Year 1986-2018 21,339 100%
Single-Dry Year 2015 22,805 107%
Consecutive Dry Years 1st Year 2011 22,909 107%
Consecutive Dry Years 2nd Year 2012 22,991 108%
Consecutive Dry Years 3rd Year 2013 23,075 108%
Consecutive Dry Years 4th Year 2014 23,159 109%
Consecutive Dry Years 5th Year 2015 23,236 109%
NOTES: CMWD selected base years that aligned with SDCWA’s 2020 UWMP supply reliability assessment. SDCWA supplies
are expected to be reliable through all years of a multiple year drought, with additional carryover supplies available in
extended dry periods. As presented here, “% of Average Supply” indicates percent supply available to meet both potable and
non-potable demands due to diversification and/or carryover storage.
Although Table 7-2 identifies the percentage of available supply to meet demand, supply availability
will vary by source because CMWD’s local supplies would not be affected by dry year conditions.
Calavera Hills Pump Station (60 HP)
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Changes to supply availability cannot be applied equally across each source. Potable and recycled
water demands are both considered in CMWD’s supply reliability assessment because recycled water
use offsets potable demands, while shortages in recycled water supplies require supplementation with
potable supplies.
SDCWA’s 2020 UWMP projected overall demands would increase over time and across scenarios, with
some variability depending on the time frame and hydrologic scenario. CMWD anticipates that its
demands would generally increase in dry year scenarios consistent with SDCWA’s overall demand
increases in corresponding scenarios. Due to uncertainty inherent to projecting demands during dry
hydrologic conditions, CMWD’s demand projections increase over dry year scenarios at a consistent
rate across time frames (2025, 2030, 2035, 2040, and 2045), calculated as the average increase
presented in SDCWA’s 2020 UWMP. Table 7-3 identifies how CWMD’s demands are projected to
change, as a percent of normal, for different scenarios.
Although demands are projected to increase, SDCWA has the right to purchase additional water from
MWD in years where local supplies are insufficient to meet demands. Per SDCWA’s purchase
agreement with MWD, SDCWA has sufficient preferential rights to water from MWD to meet demands
not met by other sources for all scenarios. SDCWA also has significant carryover supplies that can be
accessed in an extended dry period. CMWD anticipates being able to purchase enough water from
SDCWA to meet potable demands that cannot be met with desalinated seawater because SDCWA
projections incorporate increased Member Agency demands in dry year scenarios. SDCWA’s analysis
also accounts for changes in Member Agency local supplies under each scenario that could affect
overall demands on Water Authority supplies by the region.
Table 7-3: Demand and Supply Assumptions, as Percent of Normal
Source
Normal
Water
Year
Single-Dry
Water Year
Multiple-Dry Water Years
Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5
Demands
Potable Water 100% 107% 107% 108% 108% 109% 109%
Recycled Water 100% 107% 107% 108% 108% 109% 109%
Total Percent of Normal Demands 107% 107% 108% 108% 109% 109%
Supplies
SDCWA Purchases 100% 108% 109% 109% 110% 110% 110%
Seawater
Desalination 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100% 100%
Recycled Water 100% 107% 107% 108% 108% 109% 109%
Total Percent of Normal Potable
Supplies 107% 107% 108% 108% 109% 109%
Total Percent of Overall Normal
Supplies 107% 107% 108% 108% 109% 109%
7.3 Supply and Demand Assessment
Supply reliability is the ability of CMWD to meet its demands. A comparison of projected supplies
against projected demands helps to identify potential reliability issues during each hydrologic year
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scenario identified in Table 7-2. As indicated in Table 7-3, demands will vary depending on the
hydrologic conditions. During dry years, demands are projected to increase to varying degrees based
on the prior year hydrologic conditions. Demand increases are projected consistently for potable and
non-potable demands because they will primarily be driven by irrigation needs. Note that these
demand projections do not assume implementation of CMWD’s Drought Response Plan with its
mandatory conservation measures; demands are assumed to increase as climatic conditions get
hotter and drier. However, as demonstrated in 2014 and 2015, implementation of the drought
response stages would significantly reduce water use across CMWD’s service area and can be levied
as necessary if a supply shortage is identified.
Supply availability will also vary within each hydrologic scenario, as identified in Table 7-3. CMWD’s
local supply availability of desalinated seawater will remain consistent with projected normal year
supplies regardless of hydrologic scenario because it is a drought-proof supply. Likewise, CMWD’s local
supply of recycled water is considered drought-proof because CMWD has enough capacity to increase
recycled water production to meet higher demand for irrigation water in a drought (see Table 6-6).
Supply from SDCWA will vary depending on SDCWA’s supply mix and demands from its member
agencies. CMWD only purchases enough water from SDCWA to meet potable demands that cannot be
met with local supplies. Any increases in potable demand must therefore be met with increased
purchases from SDCWA. Because demands are projected to increase during dry years, CMWD’s
purchases from SDCWA would also increase in those years, to the extent available.
CMWD has 252.5 MG of potable water storage; however, it only purchases as much potable water as
necessary from SDCWA. This reliability analysis assumes no potable water surpluses during any
hydrologic scenario. CMWD has capacity to treat a surplus of recycled water due to the expanded
Carlsbad WRF’s capacity; however, CMWD does not anticipate producing recycled water in excess of
demand (unused secondary wastewater is discharged via the ocean outfall). The additional capacity
provides flexibility for CMWD to identify additional recycled water customers or additional opportunities
to sell recycled water to neighboring agencies.
SDCWA’s supply reliability analysis documents that regional water supplies are reliable because
CMWD’s demand projections in various scenarios are consistent with SDCWA’s projections for
member agency demands, and SDCWA has accounted for all member agency local supplies. For
CMWD, potable supply reliability is assumed for any year in which SDCWA projects sufficient supplies
to meet demands. SDCWA projects supply reliability for all single-dry year and multiple-dry year
scenarios through 2045, therefore no potable supply deficit is projected for CMWD.
The analysis included here is conservative because it is based on SDCWA’s conservative assessment
of its available supplies, and because CMWD may add additional local potable supplies in the future
that have not been incorporated in this 2020 UWMP.
Table 7-4 shows the projected normal year supplies for CMWD’s service area, broken down by supply
source, along with projected normal year demands for corresponding years. Table 7-5 and Table 7-6
compares the supply and demands for a normal year for potable and non-potable supplies. During
normal years, CMWD anticipates sufficient supplies to meet projected demands. The net-zero surplus
shown in Table 7-6 results from the flexibility in capacity of the Carlsbad WRF; it is anticipated that the
Carlsbad WRF would only produce as much tertiary recycled water as required to meet demands and
short-term storage needs. These normal year projections are consistent with the projections included
in Chapter 4 System Demands and Chapter 6 System Supplies.
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Table 7-4: Normal Year Supply and Demand Breakdown (AFY)
Source 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Demands
Potable Demand 16,302 16,655 17,086 17,519 18,045
Non-Potable Demand 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
Total Normal Year Demand 20,520 20,873 21,304 21,737 22,263
Supplies
SDCWA Purchases 13,802 14,155 14,586 15,019 15,545
Seawater Desalination 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500
Normal Year Potable Supply 16,302
16,655
17,086
17,519
18,045
Recycled Water 4,218
4,218
4,218
4,218
4,218
Total Normal Year Supply 20,520
20,873
21,304
21,737
22,263
Table 7-5: Normal Year Supply and Demand Comparison – Potable (AFY)
DWR Table 7-2 Retail: Normal Year Supply and Demand Comparison - Potable
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Supply totals 16,302 16,655 17,086 17,519 18,045
Demand totals 16,302 16,655 17,086 17,519 18,045
Difference 0 0 0 0 0
Table 7-6: Normal Year Supply and Demand Comparison – Non-Potable (AFY)
DWR Table 7-2 Retail: Normal Year Supply and Demand Comparison – Non-Potable
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Supply totals 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
Demand totals1 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
Difference 0 0 0 0 0
Note: 1There are no feasible new additional recycled water pipeline connections identified
beyond 2022. As such, CMWD has conservatively assumed in this 2020 UWMP that
recycled water demand is not increasing beyond 2022
7.3.1 Single-Dry Year
The single-dry year scenario, selected to align with SDCWA’s reliability assessment, was determined
to be 2015. SDCWA anticipates that regional demands will increase by approximately 7% in a single-
dry year. CMWD assumes that this demand increase is consistent across the planning horizon.
SDCWA’s analysis, which included a conservative consideration of member agency local supplies,
found that there were sufficient supplies to meet projected demands on SDCWA, even in the face of
increased demand during a single-dry year. This increased demand would be met with increased
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purchases from MWD. As a result, CMWD has assumed that SDCWA will be able to meet 100% of
CMWD’s needs that cannot be met by local supplies, as shown in Table 7-7, Table 7-8, and Table 7-9.
Table 7-7: Single-Dry Year Supply and Demand Breakdown (AFY)
Source 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Demands
Potable Water Demands 17,422 17,799 18,259 18,722 19,284
Non-Potable Demands 4,508 4,508 4,508 4,508 4,508
Total Single-Dry Year Demand 21,929 22,307 22,767 23,230 23,792
Supplies
SDCWA Purchases 14,922 15,299 15,759 16,222 16,784
Seawater Desalination 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500
Single-Dry Year Potable Supplies 17,422 17,799 18,259 18,722 19,284
Recycled Water 4,508 4,508 4,508 4,508 4,508
Total Single-Dry Year Supply 21,929 22,307 22,767 23,230 23,792
Table 7-8: Single Dry Year Supply and Demand Comparison – Potable (AFY)
DWR Table 7-3 Retail: Single Dry Year Supply and Demand Comparison - Potable
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Supply totals 17,422 17,799 18,259 18,722 19,284
Demand totals 17,422 17,799 18,259 18,722 19,284
Difference 0 0 0 0 0
Table 7-9: Single Dry Year Supply and Demand Comparison – Non-Potable (AFY)
DWR Table 7-3 Retail: Single Dry Year Supply and Demand Comparison – Non-
Potable
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Supply totals 4,508 4,508 4,508 4,508 4,508
Demand totals 4,508 4,508 4,508 4,508 4,508
Difference 0 0 0 0 0
7.3.2 Five-Consecutive-Year Drought
During a five-consecutive-year drought scenario, the region experiences on-going dry hydrologic
conditions. SDCWA’s 2020 UWMP states that in a five-consecutive-year drought scenario, water from
carryover storage would be used to help address potential supply deficits. Similar to the single-dry year
scenario, demands during a five-consecutive-year drought scenario are projected to increase over
normal. In each year of a five-consecutive-year drought scenario demands are anticipated to increase
by approximately 7% (year 1), 8% (year 2), 8% (year 3), 8% (year 4), and 9% (year 5).
SDCWA concludes that there is sufficient local, imported, and carryover storage supplies to meet
demands in each year of a five-consecutive-year drought scenario for 2025 through 2045. SDCWA’s
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analysis was conservative and only includes “verifiable” supplies. SDCWA’s analysis also incorporates
anticipated increased Member Agency demands in dry years. CMWD has elected to be consistent with
SDCWA’s analysis and assumes that any increase in demand beyond local supply capacity would be
met with additional purchases from SDCWA.
CMWD’s projected supplies in single-dry years (Table 7-10) and multiple dry years (Table 7-11 and
Table 7-12) would be sufficient to meet demand, and no extraordinary conservation measures would
be required.
Table 7-10: Multiple-Dry Year Supply and Demand Breakdown (AFY)
Source 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
Multiple-
Dry
Year
(First
Year)
Potable Water
Demands
17,501 17,880 18,343 18,808 19,372
Non-Potable
Demands
4,528 4,528 4,528 4,528 4,528
Total Multiple-Dry
Year 1 Demand 22,030 22,409 22,871 23,336 23,901
SDCWA Purchases 15,001 15,380 15,843 16,308 16,872
Seawater
Desalination
2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500
Multiple-Dry Year 1
Potable Supplies 17,501 17,880 18,343 18,808 19,372
Recycled Water 4,528 4,528 4,528 4,528 4,528
Total Multiple-Dry
Year 1 Supply 22,030 22,409 22,871 23,336 23,901
Multiple-
Dry
Year
(Second
Year)
Potable Water
Demands 17,564 17,944 18,409 18,875 19,442
Non-Potable
Demands 4,545 4,545 4,545 4,545 4,545
Total Multiple-Dry
Year 2 Demand 22,108 22,489 22,953 23,420 23,986
SDCWA Purchases 15,064 15,444 15,909 16,375 16,942
Seawater
Desalination 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500
Multiple-Dry Year 2
Potable Supplies 17,564 17,944 18,409 18,875 19,442
Recycled Water 4,545 4,545 4,545 4,545 4,545
Total Multiple-Dry
Year 2 Supply 22,108 22,489 22,953 23,420 23,986
Multiple-
Dry
Year
(Third
Year)
Potable Water
Demands 17,628 18,009 18,475 18,944 19,512
Non-Potable
Demands 4,561 4,561 4,561 4,561 4,561
Total Multiple-Dry
Year 3 Demand 22,189 22,570 23,036 23,505 24,073
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Source 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
SDCWA Purchases 15,128 15,509 15,975 16,444 17,012
Seawater
Desalination 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500
Multiple-Dry Year 3
Potable Supplies 17,628 18,009 18,475 18,944 19,512
Recycled Water 4,561 4,561 4,561 4,561 4,561
Total Multiple-Dry
Year 3 Supply 22,189 22,570 23,036 23,505 24,073
Multiple-
Dry
Year
(Fourth
Year)
Potable Water
Demands 17,692 18,075 18,543 19,013 19,584
Non-Potable
Demands 4,578 4,578 4,578 4,578 4,578
Total Multiple-Dry
Year 4 Demand 22,270 22,653 23,121 23,591 24,162
SDCWA Purchases 15,192 15,575 16,043 16,513 17,084
Seawater
Desalination 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500
Multiple-Dry Year 4
Potable Supplies 17,692 18,075 18,543 19,013 19,584
Recycled Water 4,578 4,578 4,578 4,578 4,578
Total Multiple-Dry
Year 4 Supply 22,270 22,653 23,121 23,591 24,162
Multiple-
Dry
Year
(Fifth
Year)
Potable Water
Demands 17,751 18,135 18,605 19,076 19,649
Non-Potable
Demands 4,593 4,593 4,593 4,593 4,593
Total Multiple-Dry
Year 5 Demand 22,344 22,728 23,198 23,669 24,242
SDCWA Purchases 15,251 15,635 16,105 16,576 17,149
Seawater
Desalination 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500
Multiple-Dry Year 5
Potable Supplies 17,751 18,135 18,605 19,076 19,649
Recycled Water 4,593 4,593 4,593 4,593 4,59
Total Multiple-Dry
Year 5 Supply 22,344 22,728 23,198 23,669 24,242
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Table 7-11: Multiple Dry Years Supply and Demand Comparison – Potable (AFY)
DWR Table 7-4 Retail: Multiple Dry Years Supply and Demand Comparison - Potable
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
First year
Supply totals 17,501 17,880 18,343 18,808 19,372
Demand totals 17,501 17,880 18,343 18,808 19,372
Difference 0 0 0 0 0
Second year
Supply totals 17,564 17,944 18,409 18,875 19,442
Demand totals 17,564 17,944 18,409 18,875 19,442
Difference 0 0 0 0 0
Third year
Supply totals 17,628 18,009 18,475 18,944 19,512
Demand totals 17,628 18,009 18,475 18,944 19,512
Difference 0 0 0 0 0
Fourth year
Supply totals 17,692 18,075 18,543 19,013 19,584
Demand totals 17,692 18,075 18,543 19,013 19,584
Difference 0 0 0 0 0
Fifth year
Supply totals 17,751 18,135 18,605 19,076 19,649
Demand totals 17,751 18,135 18,605 19,076 19,649
Difference 0 0 0 0 0
Table 7-12: Multiple Dry Years Supply and Demand Comparison – Non-Potable (AFY)
DWR Table 7-4 Retail: Multiple Dry Years Supply and Demand Comparison – Non-Potable
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045
First year
Supply totals 4,528 4,528 4,528 4,528 4,528
Demand totals 4,528 4,528 4,528 4,528 4,528
Difference 0 0 0 0 0
Second year
Supply totals 4,545 4,545 4,545 4,545 4,545
Demand totals 4,545 4,545 4,545 4,545 4,545
Difference 0 0 0 0 0
Third year
Supply totals 4,561 4,561 4,561 4,561 4,561
Demand totals 4,561 4,561 4,561 4,561 4,561
Difference 0 0 0 0 0
Fourth year
Supply totals 4,578 4,578 4,578 4,578 4,578
Demand totals 4,578 4,578 4,578 4,578 4,578
Difference 0 0 0 0 0
Fifth year
Supply totals 4,593 4,593 4,593 4,593 4,593
Demand totals 4,593 4,593 4,593 4,593 4,593
Difference 0 0 0 0 0
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7.4 Drought Risk Assessment
A Drought Risk Assessment (DRA) was performed in the preparation of this 2020 UWMP to evaluate
the reliability of each supply source under a long-term drought. The results of the DRA are considered
in the development of demand management measures and water supply projects. The DRA provides
an opportunity to evaluate the functionality of CMWD’s Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP). This
evaluation can help identify undesired risks and allow for proactive steps to be taken prior to the next
actual long-term drought. The DRA can be modified or updated on an interim cycle, as needed, to allow
for the incorporation of new information as it becomes available or in the event of unforeseen
circumstances.
7.4.1 Data and Methodology
Per UWMP requirements, the DRA is based on the five driest consecutive years on record. To align with
SDCWA’s DRA, the historical period used in this analysis is the period from 2014 to 2018. This
represents the five-year period SDCWA determined had the lowest local water supply production from
surface water and groundwater, the two local water supplies most susceptible to weather-induced
variation. Data used to calculate CMWD’s supply capabilities under the scenario of five consecutive
dry years are provided in Table 7-13. Per SDCWA’s methodology, projected local surface water and
groundwater supplies reflect actual production from 2014 to 2018. Other local supplies are assumed
not to experience a reduction in availability over the five-year dry period because of the drought-
resilience of these supplies. The District’s existing local supplies, desalinated seawater and non-
potable recycled water, are held constant at current 2020 production volumes for the purposes of the
DRA.
Projected demands were calculated by escalating 2020 demands annually for five years based on
multipliers provided by SDCWA (shown in Table 7-13). The multipliers are based on a weather index
developed to assess the impact of dry/hot weather on demands (SDCWA, 2021).
7.4.2 Determination of Reliability
SDCWA anticipates a surplus of water supplies in all five years of a drought and would have enough
supply to meet CMWD’s increased demands. Based on the analysis shown in Table 7-13, CMWD would
be able to meet its water demands in all five years, before accounting for the impacts of any actions
under the WSCP.
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Table 7-13: Drought Risk Assessment
CMWD Drought Risk Assessment 2021 2022 2023 2024 2025
Local Supplies1
Seawater Desalination 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500
Non-Potable Recycled Water 3,764 3,764 4,218 4,218 4,218
Total Projected Local Supplies 6,264 6,264 6,718 6,718 6,718
Demand
CY 2020 Year Demand1 17,693 17,693 17,693 17,693 17,693
Demand Projection Multiplier2 108% 112% 116% 120% 125%
Consecutive 5-Year Drought Demand 19,108 19,816 20,524 21,231 22,116
SDCWA Purchases3 12,844 13,552 13,806 14,513 15,398
Total Projected Supplies with SDCWA
Purchases 19,108 19,816 20,524 21,231 22,116
Impacts of WSCP Actions 0 0 0 0 0
Remaining Potential Surplus Supply, or
(Shortage) that will be addressed through
Management Actions
0 0 0 0 0
1. All supplies held constant at actual CY 2020 levels to align with SDCWA 2020 UWMP methodology.
2. Based on a weather index developed to assess the impact of dry/hot weather on water demands, used in
SDCWA's 2020 UWMP.
3. SDCWA anticipates having a surplus of supply per its 2020 UWMP.
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Water Shortage Contingency Planning
CMWD’s arid climate, limited local supplies, and growing population make water shortage planning an
important component of supply management, especially in light of the current severe drought and the
potential for increased frequency, intensity, and duration of droughts due to climate change. CMWD
has adopted measures and plans to address water shortages, should supplies be more limited than
demand. This section describes CMWD’s water shortage contingency plan, considers the potential
impacts shortages could have on revenue and expenses, and summarizes CMWD’s planned response
in the event of catastrophic supply loss.
8.1 Water Shortage Contingency Plan
In 2009, CMWD’s Board of Directors (Carlsbad City Council) adopted the following ordinances:
1. Ordinance No. 44 – Drought Response Plan and Water Conservation Program (Drought
Ordinance), which established CMWD’s current water conservation program and drought
response levels.
2. Ordinance No. 46 – Watering Schedules, which revised Drought Response Levels 2 and 3.
Complete copies of these ordinances are provided here as Appendix I and the contents of each is
described in further detail below. The Drought Ordinance replaced a previous Ordinance No. 35, which
had included the Urban Water Shortage Contingency Plan. Because CMWD is dependent upon SDCWA
for its water supply, SDCWA’s 2020 UWMP should also be consulted for its water shortage contingency
plan.
Emergency response stage actions become effective when SDCWA declares that it is unable to provide
sufficient water supplies to meet the ordinary demands and requirements of its member agencies to
the extent that insufficient water would be available. When SDCWA announces its stage declaration,
CMWD concurrently declares its corresponding stage.
8.1.1 Legal Authorities
Under California law, including California Water Code (CWC) Chapters 3.3 and 3.5 of Division 1, Parts
2.55 and 2.6 of Division 6, Division 13, and Article X, Section 2 of the California Constitution, the Board
of Directors is authorized to implement the water shortage actions outlined in this WSCP. In all water
shortage cases, shortage response actions to be implemented will be at the discretion of the Board of
Directors and will be based on an assessment of the supply shortage, customer response, and need
for demand reductions.
It is noted that upon proclamation by the Governor of a state of emergency under the California
Emergency Services Act (Chapter 7 [commencing with Section 8550] of Division 1 of Title 2 of the
Government Code) based on drought conditions, the State will defer to implementation of locally
adopted water shortage contingency plans to the extent practicable. CMWD will coordinate with
regional and local water suppliers for which it provided water supply services for possible proclamation
of a local emergency as necessary.
8.1.2 Plan Adoption, Submittal and Availability
CMWD’s Water Shortage Contingency Plan (WSCP) is a part of CMWD’s 2020 UWMP, however, the
WSCP also functions as a stand-alone document that can be amended, as needed, without amending
the City’s 2020 UWMP. Additional requirements of the WSCP, such as the annual supply and demand
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reliability assessment protocol, are described below. The process for approving WSCP amendments
and conducting required public hearings are described in Section 10 Plan Adoption, Submittal, and
Implementation.
8.2 Annual Demand and Supply Reliability Assessment Procedures
The annual water supply and demand assessment (Annual Assessment) is a new requirement for
UWMPs. This section describes the procedures used to conduct and approve the Annual Assessment.
While the UWMP’s Drought Risk Assessment (DRA) assesses longer-term, multi-year water supply
reliability, the Annual Assessment focuses on actual forecasted near-term water supply conditions (i.e.,
next 12 months). The prescribed steps and annual timing to complete the Annual Assessment and
submit the final report are listed below to ensure consistency year-after-year regardless of CMWD staff
changes:
1. March - April
a. CMWD determines CMWD local supply available.
b. CMWD coordinates with SDCWA to gather necessary information to conduct SDCWA
Annual Assessment.
2. May
a. SDCWA announces member agency allocation determination for current year.
b. SDCWA determines carryover (and emergency storage apportionments if under
emergency).
c. CMWD conducts Annual Assessment:
i. CMWD determines total supply available – inclusive of imported water supply.
ii. CMWD determines infrastructure constraints (including water quality
conditions limiting local sources).
iii. CMWD determines expected demand for current year and one subsequent dry
year.
iv. CMWD compares supply and demand and makes a determination of the water
supply reliability (see Section 8.2.6 Evaluation Criteria).
3. June
a. Board of Directors reviews and approves Annual Assessment determination.
b. CMWD coordinates with SDCWA on submittal of the report. Annual Assessment report
to be submitted to the state by July 1.
8.2.1 Decision-Making Process
A formal decision-making process will occur each year to approve the water supply reliability
determination of the Annual Assessment. The Annual Assessment will document any anticipated
shortage, any triggered shortage response actions, associated compliance and enforcement actions,
and communication actions. These results and recommendations of the Annual Assessment will be
presented to the Board of Directors for approval. Board of Directors approval will formally declare any
foreseen water shortage level, if any, and trigger any recommendations for specific shortage response
actions.
8.2.2 Water Supply Projection: Data Inputs and Methodology
CMWD will evaluate the reliability of the water system for the coming year, while considering a
subsequent dry year. Under normal (non-shortage) conditions, CMWD can purchase as much water as
necessary from SDCWA to meet demands. When that supply (imported supply) is under shortage
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conditions, the amount of shortage (allocation of shortage) specific to CMWD is determined in a
process lead by SDCWA. Evaluation of CMWD supply begins with SDCWA’s own supply evaluation as
CMWD receives a large portion of its water supply from the SDCWA regional supply system. SDCWA
uses the availability of CMWD’s local supplies to determine CMWD’s imported water allocation. As
such, in years in which imported supply is short, CMWD’s imported supply is dependent on availability
of local supplies. To inform SDCWA’s allocation process, CMWD must describe and quantify in AF, each
source of CMWD-owned water supply. CMWD’s local water supply portfolio consists of desalinated
seawater and recycled water. In the event of a regional shortage, imported water supplies include
SDCWA imported water and SDCWA carryover storage.
The available water supply evaluation will consider hydrological and regulatory conditions. The
methodology for determining the available supply from each water supply source is presented in Table
8-1.
Table 8-1: Supply Source Availability Evaluation Methodology
Supply Source Evaluation Methodology
Desalinated Seawater Assume 2,500 AFY and apply potential production constraints
Recycled Water (Non-Potable) Determine previous year’s production and account for potential
decreases in wastewater flow
SDCWA Imported Water Allocation determined by SDCWA
SDCWA Carryover Storage Determine available supply to CMWD based on SDCWA
WSCP and the most recent information
8.2.3 Planned Water Use for Current Year and Subsequent Dry Year: Data Inputs and
Methodology
Unless otherwise specified, the Annual Assessment will use CMWD’s most recent unconstrained
demand forecast to determine its current year water use. Unconstrained demand is defined as
CMWD’s expected customer water need for the coming year prior to the application of shortage
response actions. Specifically, CMWD will use the projected demands presented in Section 4 System
Water Use (see Table 4-4). Additional real-time adjustments should be applied to account for factors
such as weather, prior-year conditions, anticipated new demands for the year, and other factors
pertinent to the land use and customer use patterns.
Dry year demand is based on the single-dry year as defined in Section 7 Supply Reliability Assessment
of CMWD’s 2020 UWMP.
The current year water use projection should then be adjusted to include adjustment factors to ensure
enough supply is available to meet the anticipated higher demands in the subsequent dry year. Each
year’s assessment will be informed by the characterizations in Section 6 System Supplies and other
current pertinent factors and considerations.
8.2.4 Infrastructure Considerations: Data Inputs and Methodology
CMWD is required to describe the methodology for identifying existing water supply infrastructure
capabilities and potential constraints. CMWD’s existing water supply infrastructure is well-documented
in its GIS system and continuously assessed by Water System Operations staff. Existing water supply
infrastructure includes CMWD-owned infrastructure and imported and purchased water infrastructure.
CMWD-owned infrastructure includes water treatment plants, pipelines, and pump stations. Imported
and purchased water infrastructure includes a seawater desalination plant, and SDCWA’s aqueducts
and regional pipelines. CMWD will evaluate existing water supply and capacities, as well as any
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constraints for the current year and for one subsequent dry year. CMWD-owned infrastructure
constraints may consider service area-level supply capabilities in the current year, such as shut-downs
due to maintenance, construction impacts, and water quality impacts. In addition, CMWD should also
consider new projects that may add capacity. Once constraints have been identified, CMWD will
determine whether the total quantified water supply (as determined according to Section 8.2.2 above)
should be adjusted to account for these identified constraints. CMWD will coordinate with SDCWA to
evaluate regional infrastructure constraints to determine how they would impact available CMWD
water supplies.
8.2.5 Evaluation Criteria: Data Inputs and Methodology
CMWD relies primarily on SDCWA to evaluate regional supply and demand and potential water
shortage levels. CMWD’s supply and demand evaluation criteria are applied as minor adjustments to
account for latest information on CMWD-owned supplies or unpredicted changes in CMWD demand.
As such, CMWD will evaluate CMWD-owned supply storage levels, changes in recycled water
availability, and recent water demand trends to determine any deviations from the SDCWA Annual
Assessment.
8.3 Water Shortage Levels & Shortage Response Actions
The Drought Ordinance outlines CMWD’s four drought response stages, as shown in Table 8-2. These
stages, and their prohibitions, are described below. Each level builds on the previous level(s), placing
additional restrictions on water use. Due to recent changes in the CWC, shortage levels have been
standardized to provide a consistent regional and statewide approach to conveying the relative
severity of water supply shortage conditions. Table 8-3 translates CMWD’s current drought response
levels, as described in its Drought Ordinance, to the new mandated WSCP shortage levels.
Table 8-2: CMWD Water Shortage Stages
DWR Table 8-1 Retail: Water Shortage Contingency Plan Levels
Shortage
Percent
Shortage
Range1
Water Shortage Condition
1 Up to 10% Drought Watch Condition - Reasonable probability that supplies
will not meet demands
2 Up to 20% Drought Watch Condition - Supplies will not be able to meet
expected demands
3 Up to 30% Drought Critical Condition - Supplies not meeting current demands
4 Up to 40% Drought Critical Condition - Supplies not meeting current demands
5 Up to 50% Drought Emergency Condition - Major failure of a supply,
shortage, or distribution system
6 >50% Drought Emergency Condition - Major failure of a supply,
shortage, or distribution system
1 One stage in the Water Shortage Contingency Plan must address a water shortage of 50%.
NOTES: A water shortage above 40% (including a 50% shortage) triggers Level 4 restrictions, which includes
prohibition on outdoor water uses, and provides CMWD the authority to make further restrictions, as necessary,
for non-compliant users, as well as for any CMWD customer should water supplies require.
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Table 8-3: Relationship between Drought Ordinance and 2020 WSCP Mandated Water Shortage
Levels
Drought Ordinance 2020 WSCP
Stage Supply Condition/Shortage Level Shortage Level
1 Drought Water Condition
(up to 10% reduction) 1 ≤10%
2 Drought Watch Condition
(up to 20% reduction) 2 10 – 20%
3 Drought Critical Condition
(up to 40% reduction)
3 20 – 30%
4 30 – 40%
4 Drought Emergency Condition
(above 40% reduction)
5 40 – 50%
6 ≥50%
Drought Response Level 1 – Drought Watch
A Level 1 Drought Watch condition may apply when SDCWA notifies its member agencies that a
demand reduction of up to 10% is required to allow for adequate supplies to meet demands.
CMWD’s Executive Manager shall declare the existence of Level 1 conditions, and Level 1
conservation practices shall be implemented.
Drought Response Level 2 – Drought Alert
A Level 2 Drought Alert condition may apply when SDCWA notifies its member agencies that a
demand reduction of up to 20% is required due to drought conditions or other reduction in supplies.
The CMWD Board of Directors will declare a Level 2 condition, at which point all water conservation
measures under Level 1 must be adhered to, with the addition of Level 2 water use restrictions.
Drought Response Level 3 – Drought Critical
A Level 3 Drought Critical condition may apply when SDCWA notifies its member agencies that
demand reductions of up to 40% are required due to drought or other reduction in supplies in order
to have sufficient supplies for anticipated demands. The CMWD Board of Directors will declare a
Level 3 condition, requiring the continuation of conservation measures under Level 1 and Level 2,
and the implementation of Level 3 water use restrictions.
Drought Response Level 4 – Drought Emergency
A Level 4 Drought Emergency condition may apply when SDCWA declares a water shortage
emergency and notifies its member agencies that demand reductions of more than 40% are
required in order to maintain sufficient supplies for anticipated demands. The CMWD Board of
Directors shall declare a Level 4 Drought Emergency in the manner and on the grounds provided in
the California Water Code §350. With the declaration of a Level 4 drought response, all water
conservation measures under Levels 1, 2, and 3 must be adhered to, with the addition of Level 4
mandatory conservation measures.
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8.3.1 Prohibitions and Reduction Methods
CMWD’s water use restrictions and prohibitions are listed in Table 8-4. The stage in which each
prohibition is implemented and whether a penalty for violation of the prohibition exists is indicated.
Demand reduction actions, supply augmentation and other actions are presented in Table 8-4 and
Table 8-5, and penalties are presented in Table 8-6. The percentage that each measure could be
expected to reduce the shortage gap was estimated based on the specifications of each measure in the
drought ordinance and experience from shortage conditions. Methods that will be used to determine actual
water use reductions under shortage response scenarios are described below under Section 8.5
Monitoring and Reporting. The reduction in water use that would occur from each of the reduction
methods has not been quantified, as it varies depending on drought stage, local hydrology, and
customer behavior. As specific stages are implemented, CMWD would closely monitor projected
supply availability and demand. Depending on these projections, the methods presented in Table 8-7
would be enacted and enforced to achieve the desired reductions in water use.
Prohibitions
CMWD prohibits water waste at all times, and increases water use restrictions with each Drought
Response Level in the Drought Ordinance. A description of all prohibition and restrictions under all
levels of drought responses are provided here. As stated above, each response level also includes
the restrictions of all previous levels.
Mandatory Restrictions and Prohibitions in Effect at all Times
The following water waste prohibitions are in effect at all times for CMWD’s service area:
· Washing down impervious surfaces with potable water
· Water waste resulting from inefficient landscape irrigation
· Use a hand-held hose with a positive shut-off nozzle or bucket to water landscaped areas
that are not irrigated by a landscape irrigation system
· Use re-circulated water to operate ornamental fountains
· Wash vehicles using a bucket or a hand-held hose with a positive shut-off nozzle or a
mobile high pressure/low volume wash system
· Serve and refill water in restaurants only upon request
· Offer guests in hotels and motels the option of not laundering towels and linens daily
· Use recycled or non-potable water for construction purposes when available
· Single pass-through cooling systems as part of new water service connections will be
prohibited. Non-recirculating systems in all new conveyer car wash and commercial laundry
systems will also be prohibited
· Breaks, leaks, or other malfunctions in water user’s plumbing or distribution system
resulting in excess use, loss, or escape of water must be repaired in a timely manner
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2020 Urban Water Management Plan Water Shortage Contingency Planning Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft May 2020 8-7 Table 8-4: CWMD Water Use Restrictions at Each Drought Response Level DWR Table 8-2: Demand Reduction Actions Shortage Level Demand Reduction Actions (These are the only categories that will be accepted by the DWR online submittal tool. Select those that apply.) How Much is This Going to Reduce the Shortage Gap? Additional Explanation or Reference Penalty, Charge, or Enforcement? 1 Landscape - Limit landscape irrigation to specific times 0.9% Irrigate residential and commercial landscape before 10 a.m. and after 6 p.m. No 1 CII - Other CII restriction or prohibition 0.2% Irrigate nursery and commercial grower's products before 10 a.m. and after 6 p.m. No 1 Other - Customers must repair leaks, breaks, and malfunctions in a timely manner 0.9% Repair all water leaks within five days of notification by CMWD No 1 Expand Public Information Campaign 4.7% CMWD increased public education and outreach efforts to emphasize increased public awareness of the need to implement water conservation practices No 1 Offer rebates on indoor and outdoor water use efficiency, turf replacement 4.2% Ongoing programs No 2 Landscape - Limit landscape irrigation to specific days 4.2% Limit residential and commercial landscape irrigation to days assigned by CMWD General Manager Yes 2 Landscape - Other landscape restriction or prohibition 1.8% Limit irrigation using sprinklers to length of time determined by CMWD General Manager Yes 2 Other - Customers must repair leaks, breaks, and malfunctions in a timely manner 0.9% Repair all water leaks within seventy-two hours of notification by CMWD Yes 2 Water Features - Restrict water use for decorative water features, such as fountains 5.8% Stop operating ornamental fountains unless recycled water is used Yes 3 Landscape - Limit landscape irrigation to specific days 8.3% Limit residential and commercial landscape irrigation to days assigned by CMWD General Manager Yes June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 116 of 652
2020 Urban Water Management Plan Water Shortage Contingency Planning Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft May 2020 8-8 DWR Table 8-2: Demand Reduction Actions Shortage Level Demand Reduction Actions (These are the only categories that will be accepted by the DWR online submittal tool. Select those that apply.) How Much is This Going to Reduce the Shortage Gap? Additional Explanation or Reference Penalty, Charge, or Enforcement? 3 Landscape - Other landscape restriction or prohibition 1.8% Limit irrigation using sprinklers to time limits determined by CMWD General Manager Yes 3 Water Features - Restrict water use for decorative water features, such as fountains 1.1% Stop filing or re-filling ornamental lakes or ponds, except to the extent needed to sustain aquatic life Yes 3 Other - Prohibit vehicle washing except at facilities using recycled or recirculating water 0.8% Stop washing vehicles except at commercial carwashes that re-circulate water, or by high pressure/low volume wash systems Yes 3 Moratorium or Net Zero Demand Increase on New Connections 2.8% No new potable water service shall be provided, no new temporary meters or permanent meters shall be provided, and no statements of immediate ability to serve or provide potable water service shall be issued, with the exception of the circumstances listed in the Drought Ordinance. Yes 3 Other - Customers must repair leaks, breaks, and malfunctions in a timely manner 0.9% Repair all water leaks within forty-eight hours of notification by CMWD Yes 4 Landscape - Prohibit all landscape irrigation 22.2% Stop all landscape irrigation, except crops and landscape products of commercial growers and nurseries, and except for categories specified in the Drought Ordinance (e.g., fire protection, erosion control, rare or essential plants, livestock, environmental mitigation). Yes 4 Other - Customers must repair leaks, breaks, and malfunctions in a timely manner 0.9% Repair all water leaks within twenty-four hours of notification by CMWD Yes June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 117 of 652
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Drought Response Level 1 – Drought Watch
During Level 1 Drought Watch conditions, CMWD will increase its public education and outreach
efforts to emphasize the need to implement the following conservation practices in addition to the
previous listed measures:
· Irrigate residential and commercial landscape before 10 a.m. and after 6 p.m. only
· Irrigate nursery and commercial grower’s products before 10 a.m. and after 6 p.m. only
· Repair all water leaks within five days of notification by CMWD
In addition, under Level 1, CMWD will either directly offer or refer customers to programs that offer
rebates on indoor and outdoor water use efficiency or turf replacement.
Drought Response Level 2 – Drought Alert
Under Level 2 Drought Alert conditions all water conservation measures under Level 1 must be
adhered to, with the addition of the following mandatory conservation measures:
· Limit residential and commercial landscape irrigation to specified assigned days per week,
which will be established by CMWD’s General Manager
· Limit irrigation using sprinklers to time limits per watering station per assigned day as
established by CMWD’s General Manager
· All leaks must be repaired within 72 hours of notification by CMWD
· Stop operating ornamental fountains or similar decorative water features unless recycled
water is used
Drought Response Level 3 – Drought Critical
During Level 3 Drought Critical conditions, conservation measures under Level 1 and Level 2 shall
continue, with the implementation of the following additional mandatory measures:
· Limit landscape irrigation using sprinklers to time limits water station per assigned day as
established by the General Manager
· Stop filling or re-filling ornamental lakes or ponds, except to the extent needed to sustain
aquatic life
· Stop washing vehicles except at commercial carwashes that re-circulate water, or by high
pressure/low volume wash systems
· Repair all leaks within 48 hours of notification by CMWD
Additionally, under a Level 3 drought response, no new potable water service shall be provided, no
new temporary meters or permanent meters shall be provided, and no statements of immediate
ability to serve or provide potable water service shall be issued, with the exception of the
circumstances listed in the Drought Ordinance. The CMWD Board of Directors will suspend
consideration of annexations to its service area and may establish a water allocation for property
served by CMWD.
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Drought Response Level 4 – Drought Emergency
With the declaration of a Level 4 Drought Emergency, all water conservation measures under Levels
1, 2, and 3 must be adhered to with the addition of the following mandatory conservation measures:
· Stop all landscape irrigation, except crops and landscape products of commercial growers
and nurseries
· Repair all leaks within 24-hours of notification by CMWD
· CMWD may install a flow restricting device for services of up to one and one-half inch size
and comparatively sized restrictors for larger services upon a prior determination that the
customer has repeatedly violated the provision of Ordinance 44.
Additionally, CMWD may establish a water allocation for property served by CMWD.
Supply Augmentation and Other Actions
CMWD also implements supply augmentation and other actions to assist customers throughout its
service area in reducing water use. These measures are provided in Table 8-5.
Table 8-5: Supply Augmentation Measures Implemented by CMWD
DWR Table 8-3: Supply Augmentation and Other Actions
Shortage Level
Supply Augmentation
Methods and Other Actions
by Water Supplier
How Much is
This Going to
Reduce the
Shortage Gap?
Additional Explanation or
Reference
3 Transfers
Flexible
depending on
other actions; can
adjust to achieve
conservation
target
City of Oceanside, Vallecitos
Water District, and SDCWA
would be a potential source.
3 Stored Emergency Supply 600 AFY Maerkle Reservoir holds a
maximum 600AF.
3 Other actions (describe) 13%
Suspension of consideration
of annexations to CMWD
service area
4 Other actions (describe)
Flexible
depending on
other actions; can
adjust to achieve
conservation
target
Establish a water allocation
for property served by
CMWD
8.4 Compliance and Enforcement
When mandatory restrictions are in place, CMWD implements penalties for violations of the restrictions
or prohibitions described above, as proscribed by The Drought Ordinance and Ordinance No. 46. Each
day that a violation occurs is considered a separate offense and administrative fines may be levied for
each violation. For the first violation, CMWD will verbally notice the fact of the violation. For the second
violation, CMWD will provide a written notice to the customer of the violation. For the third violation,
CMWD may install a flow restricting device of one gallon per minute capacity for services of up to one
and one-half inch size and comparatively sized restrictions for larger services upon a prior
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determination of multiple violations. Additionally, an administrative fine of $100 may be issued for the
third violation. For a fourth violation within a one-year period, CMWD may issue a $200 administrative
fine. Additional violations exceeding the fourth violation within a one-year period may result in a $500
administrative fine. Table 8-6 indicates the penalties for violation and at what stage they take effect.
Table 8-6: CMWD Penalties for Use Restriction Violations
Penalty Stage Trigger
Warning letter All stages First Violation
Notice of violation All stages Second Violation
Flow restriction installed All stages Third Violation
Administrative citations All stages
Third Violation ($100)
Fourth Violation ($200)
Fifth or More Violation ($500)
In lieu of administrative penalties as described above, when deemed appropriate and necessary, each
violation may be prosecuted as a misdemeanor punishable by imprisonment for no more than thirty
days or by a fine not to exceed $1,000, or by both. All customers who incur a penalty due to violation
of the Drought Ordinance and Ordinance No. 46 have the right to appeal the penalty.
8.5 Monitoring and Reporting
Because all water received from SDCWA is metered and monitored, and all CMWD customers are
metered and billed monthly using computerized equipment, data are collected on an on-going basis
that can allow CMWD to determine actual water use reductions. Each customer or customer group can
be evaluated for compliance with conservation requirements. Methods used by CMWD to determine
actual reductions in water use are summarized in Table 8-7.
Table 8-7: Methods for Measuring Water Use Reductions
Method for
Determining Actual
Reduction
Type and Quality of Data Expected
Use normalized or
average water use
baseline to determine
reductions
Each customer will be given a schedule of monthly use targets based upon
the required reduction compared to the base period usage. Usage over the
amount allocated for any given month will result in the customer incurring
penalty pricing for usage that month. Usage under that amount will be
accumulated to possible offset over-usage in successive month period.
More frequent review
of production
Water production is currently monitored on a real-time basis through
CMWD’s SCADA system, and reviewed on a daily basis.
More frequent meter
reading at customer
locations
Customer meters are read on a monthly basis which would coincide with the
monthly allocation periods. Customers are given information on how to read
their meter and monitor their own usage.
More frequent leak
detection and repair
Leak detection and repair is currently an active and ongoing O&M function,
so no major changes would be expected.
System audit
The water system is currently audited on a monthly and annual basis,
comparing metered deliveries from the SDCWA to metered deliveries to
retail customers.
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Method for
Determining Actual
Reduction
Type and Quality of Data Expected
Automated sensors
and telemetry
CMWD has a SCADA system, which contains features to provide real-time
monitoring and alarms communications to on-call operators to identify
abnormalities in reservoir fill rates, draw-down rates, and pump function,
which can be associated with system leaks and other malfunctions that could
result in water loss.
Monitor utility actions
All CMWD actions are monitored and reported in a comprehensive Activities
Report provided to the Board of Directors on an annual basis. Other types of
staff reports on CMWD activities are given at the two regular Board Meetings
each month or on as needed basis by the Executive Manager.
Penalties for
customers
If and when penalty pricing was implemented, the amount and frequency of
penalties would be monitored by the City of Carlsbad’s computerized billing
system and then reported to the management staff and to the Board of
Directors on a monthly basis.
8.6 Description of Revenue and Expenditure Impacts
In the event of a water emergency, the Drought Ordinance and Ordinance No. 46 would be activated
to respond to the level of shortage. At that time, drought response stage actions would go into effect,
and CMWD’s revenue is anticipated to decrease due to reduced water sales. The amount of decreased
revenue would depend upon the response stage, and how long each stage is in effect. In the event that
revenues are less than required to meet CMWD’s financial obligations as a result of a water shortage,
CMWD would draw from its operating reserves and then propose increasing water rates to appropriate
levels for the Board’s consideration. The operating reserves are maintained at adequate levels to
provide short-term operating capital in case of emergencies as well as provide for rate stabilization.
Table 8-8 and Table 8-9 present how different actions and conditions impact revenues and
expenditures, as well as provide a summary of potential actions that could be taken to address these
impacts.
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Table 8-8: Impacts to Revenues and Methods to Address Impact
Potential Impacts to Revenues
Action Anticipated Revenue Impact
Rate
adjustment
No impact. This would be an administrative function to analyze rate structure options to
offset potential losses in revenue associated with reduced sales.
Change in
quantity of
sales
Reduction in revenue expenses and associated reduction in quantity charge-based
revenues generated to cover local O&M costs. Could be offset by a combination of
budget reductions, expense deferrals, including some non-critical CIP projects, draws
on rate stabilization and operating reserves, and rate adjustments.
Potential Solutions for Revenue Decreases
Action Anticipated Effects
Reserve
Fund
This option would have no short-term impact on the rate payers or CMWD because
there are currently sufficient funds in CMWD’s operating reserves.
Change rate
structure
Minimal changes in rates could offset significant reductions in available water supplies.
Reduce
overhead
Overhead, or local fixed O&M costs, can be reduced in the short and mid-term by
deferring selected cash-funded CIP and major maintenance projects, other expenditure
reductions and if needed, hiring freezes.
Decrease
capital
expenditures
Deferral of selected, non-critical replacement projects will have little or no impact on
CMWD or its customers, and would only extend the duration of the master planned
replacement schedule.
Infrastructure for new development is funded by new development and progresses at
the rate needed by new development projects.
Revise
planning
estimates
If supply reduction were long-term, CMWD would make commensurate adjustments to
its CIP schedule, staffing levels and retail rate structures based upon lower retail sales.
Impacts would be moderate and implemented over time.
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Table 8-9: Impacts to Expenditures and Methods to Address Impacts
Potential Impacts to Expenditures
Actions Potential Impacts
Change in quantity of
sales
Sales reductions could be offset with rate and budget adjustments and
moderate CIP deferrals.
Increased
staff/salaries/overtime
No impacts. Existing staff would be re-assigned to perform functions
required to implement and enforce consumption reduction methods and
requirements.
Increased costs of new
supplies, transfers or
exchanges
SDCWA would secure new supplies whose cost would be melded into
overall costs. Increased costs of wholesale water would be passed through
to CMWD’s customers via rate increases and/or changes to the rate
structure.
Potential Solutions for Expenditure Impacts
Action Anticipated Effects
Reserve Fund No impacts. The Replacement Fund is sufficient, and exists for the very
purposes anticipated in a supply shortage scenario.
Change rate structure Given the mix of wholesale water and power expenditures, non-commodity
revenues needed to cover local fixed costs, availability of reserves and the
flexibility to adjust CIP expenditures, no short-term (1 to 2 year) impacts
are anticipated, mid-term (3 years) impacts would be moderate, and long-
term (beyond 3 years) impacts would be moderate and incremental.
Reduce overhead In the short-term and mid-term, overhead or local costs can be reduced by
deferring non-critical CIP and major maintenance expenditures. In the long-
term, costs can be reduced by adjusting operational and staffing levels and
retail water rate structures to incorporate the reality of lower retail water
sales than previously anticipated.
Decrease capital
expenditures
In the short-term, there could be a decrease in the level of expenditures for
CMWD’s replacement program, or an interruption of expenditures. In the
mid- to long-term, the retail rate structure and the prioritization schedule
would be adjusted to ensure that projects critical to service and system
reliability were implemented.
Revise planning
estimates
If the reduced supply is determined to be a long-term condition, then
commensurate adjustments would be incorporated into long-term staffing
and water system facility requirements.
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8.7 Catastrophic Supply Interruption Plan
CMWD’s supplies are at risk for a catastrophic interruption because of its reliance on imported water
to meet potable demands. While CMWD and SDCWA are both striving to reduce this dependence on
imported water (through development of local supplies and increased recycled water use), the risk still
exists that supplies will be interrupted in the event of a natural or man-made disaster.
Potential catastrophes to which CMWD’s supplies may be vulnerable include, but may not be limited
to:
· Earthquake
· Fire/explosion
· Medical
· Flood
· Tornado/severe weather
· Bomb threat
· Hard freeze
· Loss of normal water supply
· Hazardous material release
· Contamination of SDCWA or
CMWD water supplies
· Terrorist attack
The 125 HP Bressi Potable Water Pump Station
CMWD has taken several actions for preparation for, and implementation during, a catastrophic
interruption of water supplies. In the event of a supply interruption, CMWD’s defined command chain
dispatches crews to inspect infrastructure and critical operations. Operations response crews are
assigned to monitor system operations and modify operations as necessary, depending on the status
of the system, the disaster, and needs. The defined communication command chain coordinates with
other local water agencies and emergency response officials as necessary. Criteria and procedures
are provided to return system to normal operations, including initiating water quality testing when
necessary and performing necessary emergency repairs to the system. The emergency operations plan
contains contact information for responsible parties and support services. Water shortage contingency
plan stages will be implemented as required by the situation.
8.7.1 Seismic Risk Assessment and Mitigation Plan
CWC 10632.5 requires urban water suppliers to include a seismic risk assessment and mitigation plan
to assess the vulnerability of each of the supplier’s various facilities of the water system and mitigate
those vulnerabilities. An urban water supplier may also comply with this requirement by submitting a
copy of the most recently adopted multi-hazard mitigation plan under the federal Disaster Mitigation
Act of 2000 if the multi-hazard mitigation plan addresses seismic risk. The City of Carlsbad assessed
seismic risk in its 2018 Hazard Mitigation Plan as part of the County of San Diego’s Hazard Mitigation
Plan submitted to the State of California Office of Emergency Services. The goal of the 2018 Hazard
Mitigation Plan is to “reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets, including people,
critical facilities/infrastructure, and public facilities due to earthquakes”. Some of the action items for
implementation included:
· Periodic updates to local building codes, public works construction codes, and zoning and
grading ordinances
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· Review local vulnerability to ground motion, liquefaction, and landslide impacts on facilities
and infrastructure
· Identify projects for pre-disaster mitigation funding
· Participate in earthquake response actions and preparedness exercises
The Carlsbad Emergency Management Administrative Team has on-going funding to develop hazard
mitigation public awareness strategies and continue to develop and implement action items to meet
the City’s earthquake goal. Appendix J includes the 2018 Hazard Mitigation Plan for the City of
Carlsbad.
8.7.2 CMWD Emergency Storage of Water Policy
In addition, CMWD is included in SDCWA’s regional emergency storage plan (ESP), which plans and
provides for regional supplies during a two-month and six-month emergency event (CMWD 2019a). In
addition, CMWD is in the process of updating the City’s emergency action plan and shall be complete
by June 2021.
The regional emergency water supply reservoirs include Olivenhain with 18,000 AF of ESP capacity,
Lake Hodges with 20,000 AF, and San Vicente with 52,100 AF. Actual amounts of ESP water to be
delivered to each member agency are to be determined based on the specific emergency event. ESP
supplies will depend on member agency demand, local supplies, infrastructure, availability of supplies,
and duration of the emergency event. SDCWA’s ESP is expected to provide a total of 90,100 AF of
stored water which can potentially help meet regional water demands through 2045.
Local storage capacity was also projected through 2040 and CMWD is expected to have a 5.49 MG
storage surplus in the distribution system which does not include the 195 MG Maerkle Reservoir
(CMWD, 2019a). Overall, CMWD has sufficient storage to meet operational and short-term emergency
demand requirements under 2040 projected conditions.
8.8 Communications Protocol
CMWD’s communication protocol includes the various channels it will utilize to convey critical
messages regarding water shortage allocations and voluntary and mandatory actions. A strong
communication plan will educate CMWD ratepayers, local leaders and the business community, on
the water supply situation; what actions are proposed; what the intended achievements are; and how
these actions are to be implemented. While specific types of messaging are deployed at various
shortage response levels, how these messages are conveyed to the public are described per this
communication protocol. The communication protocol will be in place prior to a water supply shortage
and be initiated in Shortage Level 1. Activation of the communication protocol will continue through
all subsequent water shortage levels. At times, specific communities may require specialized outreach.
CMWD will ensure outreach efforts are reaching key audiences as needed.
Per SDCWA’s 2020 WSCP, it is important to communicate to ratepayers the following when urgent
conservation is needed:
· Specific actions needed to save water;
· How much water needs to be saved and for how long;
· Why water needs to be saved; and
· What CMWD is doing to correct the supply problem or address the situation.
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8.8.1 Coordination
In order to communicate effectively, avoid confusion, and maintain credibility, CMWD will work in close
coordination with SDCWA at various levels of management. These levels include the Joint Public
Information Council/Conservation Coordinators (JPIC; staff level), the Member Agency Managers group
(management level), and SDCWA Board’s Legislation and Public Outreach Committee (Board level).
During droughts or other times of limited supply, the frequency and extent of coordination will increase
to ensure outreach tactics are consistent with the changing needs of CMWD and its ratepayers. CMWD
will seek opportunities to leverage external resources to complement its own outreach.
8.8.2 Communication Objectives
Communication objectives during the various water shortage levels of the WSCP include the following:
· Motivate water users to quickly increase conservation in ways that are consistent with any
voluntary or mandatory actions called for at the current level of the WSCP.
· Raise awareness and understanding of the drought, regulatory, or other condition affecting
water supplies and the need for increased conservation.
· Minimize confusion and maintain credibility of water agencies and conservation messages
with an appropriate tone that carefully describes the current water shortage scenario.
· Make water users feel appreciated for existing accomplishments in improving their water-use
efficiency, and for supporting regional and local investments in water supply reliability.
· Educate regional civic and business leaders, elected officials and the public about how CMWD
has greatly improved its water supply reliability.
· Prepare CMWD for any potential escalation (or de-escalation) of the WSCP based on trending
supply conditions.
· Ensure all stakeholders believe they are being treated fairly in relationship to other
stakeholders.
· Maintain communication effectiveness by soliciting or monitoring feedback from member
agencies, key stakeholders, and the general public to update or adapt messages or
communication tools.
· Exit WSCP implementation having demonstrated the effectiveness and value of conservation
actions and water supply reliability investments in minimizing impacts to the City of Carlsbad’s
economy and quality of life.
8.8.3 Communication Protocol for Current or Predicted Shortage
A current or predicted shortage, as determined by the Annual Assessment, will be communicated to
the public upon submittal of the Annual Assessment Report in June of any given year. Communication
by Water Shortage Level are outlined in Ordinance No. 44 and is described in the following
subsections.
Drought Response Level 1 (Drought Watch)
The existence of a Drought Watch condition may be declared by the Executive Manager upon a written
determination of the existence of the facts and circumstances supporting the determination. A copy
of the written determination shall be filed with the Secretary of the CMWD and provided to the CMWD
Board of Directors. CMWD may publish a notice of the determination of existence of Drought Response
Level 1 condition in one or more newspapers, including a newspaper of general circulation within the
CMWD service area. CMWD may also post notice of the condition on its website.
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Drought Response Level 2 (Drought Alert) or 3 (Drought Critical)
The existence of Drought Response Level 2 or Level 3 conditions may be declared by resolution of the
CMWD Board of Directors adopted at a regular or special public meeting held in accordance with State
law. The mandatory conservation measures applicable to Drought Response Level 2 or Level 3
conditions shall take effect on the tenth (10) day after the date the response level is declared. Within
five (5) days following the declaration of the response level, CMWD shall publish a copy of the
resolution in a newspaper used for publication of official notices.
Drought Response Level 4 (Drought Emergency)
The existence of a Drought Response Level 4 condition may be declared in accordance with the
procedures specified in California Water Code sections 351 and 352. The mandatory conservation
measures applicable to Drought Response Level 4 conditions shall take effect on the tenth (10) day
after the date the response level is declared. Within five (5) days following the declaration of the
response level, CMWD shall publish a copy of the resolution in a newspaper used for publication of
official notices. If CMWD establishes a water allocation, it shall provide notice of the allocation by
including it in the regular billing statement for the fee or charge or by any other mailing to the address
to which CMWD customarily mails the billing statement for fees or charges for on-going water service.
Water allocation shall be effective on the fifth (5) day following the date of mailing or at such later date
as specified in the notice.
The CMWD Board of Directors may declare an end to a Drought Response Level by the adoption of a
resolution at any regular or special meeting held in accordance with State law.
8.8.4 Communication Protocol for Triggered or Anticipated to Be Triggered Shortage
Response Action
The public will be notified about triggered or anticipated to be triggered shortage response actions.
The implementation of shortage response actions associated with any water shortage level will take
effect on the tenth day after the date the shortage response action is declared. Within five days
following the declaration of the shortage response action, the Executive Manager will publish a notice
giving the extent, terms, and conditions around the use and consumption of water a minimum of one
time for three consecutive days in the City of Carlsbad’s official newspaper.
8.8.5 Catastrophic Communications
In the event of a catastrophic supply interruption that requires water use to be quickly prioritized for
or limited to essential public health and safety needs, CMWD will immediately deploy appropriate
strategies from Drought Response Levels 1 through 4. In addition, outreach messaging will reflect
emergency conditions and the need to focus on health and public safety. CMWD may also consider
potential joint news release/new events with public health officials or incident commanders to
announce conditions and explain needed action. Finally, CMWD will ensure ongoing coordination with
emergency response services with daily advisories or alerts as needed.
8.9 Determination of Reliability
Based on the analysis shown in Chapter 7 of the 2020 UWMP, CMWD anticipates being able to
purchase enough water from SDCWA to meet potable demands that cannot be met with local potable
supplies. SDCWA anticipates a surplus of water supplies in all five years of a drought and would have
enough supply to meet CMWD’s demands. Based on the analysis shown in Chapter 7 of the 2020
UWMP, CMWD would be able to meet its water demands in all dry year scenarios, before accounting
for the impacts of any actions under the WSCP.
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Demand Management Measures
This section describes the past and current
demand management measures (DMMs)
undertaken by CMWD and quantifies, to the
extent feasible, DMM efforts from 2016
through 2020 (the most recent years for
which reporting is available).
9.1 Current Demand
Management Measures
CMWD currently implements a variety of
DMMs to manage customer demands.
Together, these DMMs have contributed to
CMWD’s success in reaching its SBx7-7
Targets (refer to Section 5 Baselines and
Targets), have contributed to a more
conservation-literate population, and
position CMWD to align with future water
use objectives that will be developed in
2023.
9.1.1 Water Waste Prevention
Ordinances
CMWD has two ordinances in place (both
adopted in 2009) to prohibit water waste
and encourage water use efficiency within
the service area. The ordinances are
updated as-needed in order to comply with
State regulations and regional response to
drought conditions. A short summary of
these ordinances is provided here. For more
details, refer to Section 8 Water Shortage
Contingency Planning and Appendix I.
1. Ordinance No. 44 – Drought
Response Plan and Water
Conservation Program (Drought
Ordinance)
2. Ordinance No. 46 – Watering
Schedules
CMWD also provides information on its
website’s Water Rules page regarding any water use restrictions in place at a given time
(http://www.carlsbadca.gov/services/depts/pw/utils/water/rules.asp).
UWMPs and the Water Conservation Act of 2009:
Conservation requirements for the UWMP are based on
the Water Conservation Act of 2009 (SBx7-7). This act
mandates a 20% reduction in water use from average
(based on 10-15 year baseline), measured in GPCD (gallons
per capita per day, based on gross water use), by 2020,
with an interim target of 10% reduction by 2015. For more
information, refer to:
https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Water-Use-And-
Efficiency/Urban-Water-Use-Efficiency/Urban-Water-
Management-Plans
2015/2016 Emergency Regulations: Executive Order B-29-
15 (April 2015; extended March 2016) imposed temporary
mandatory conservation aimed at achieving 25% reduction
statewide from 2013 levels during the most recent multi-
year drought. Each water purveyor was assigned a
conservation target by the state, measured in R-GCPD
(residential gallons per capita per day, based on residential
water use). CMWD’s initial conservation target was 28%,
but was reduced to 20% due to regional supply
development. For more information, refer to:
http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/c
onservation_portal/emergency_regulation.shtml
2016 Extended Emergency Regulations: In May 2016, the
SWRCB adopted new emergency regulations (applied June
2016 – January 2017) that would allow water purveyors to
identify their own temporary conservation targets based
on their ability to meet demands during continuation of
multiple dry year conditions into 2017, 2018, and 2019.
For more information refer to:
http://www.waterboards.ca.gov/water_issues/programs/c
onservation_portal/emergency_regulation.shtml
2018 Water Conservation Legislation: In 2018, California
SB 606 and AB 1668 were enacted and expand authority to
implement a water budget-based approach to conservation
and water use efficiency. New urban water use standards
are anticipated to be in place in 2023. For more
information, refer to:
https://water.ca.gov/Programs/Water-Use-And-
Efficiency/Making-Conservation-a-California-Way-of-Life
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Drought Response Plan and Water Conservation Program (Drought Ordinance):
The Drought Ordinance establishes ten water waste prohibitions in effect at all times, as well as four
drought response levels for signaling appropriate conservation use restrictions and targets. Table 9-1
provides a summary of the four drought response levels and Section 8 Water Shortage Contingency
Plan includes a detailed discussion of the four levels as they relate to the WSCP water shortage levels.
A copy of the full ordinance is included in Appendix I.
Table 9-1: Drought Response Levels
Drought Response Condition
Levels
Use
Restrictions
Conservation
Target
WSCP Water
Shortage Levels
Level 1-Drought Watch Voluntary Up to 10% Stage 1
Level 2-Drought Alert Mandatory Up to 20% Stage 2
Level 3-Drought Critical Mandatory Up to 40% Stage 3 or 4
Level 4-Drought Emergency Mandatory Above 40% Stage 5 or 6
Watering Schedules:
Ordinance No. 46 provides the authority for CMWD to set watering schedules when a drought response
condition level is triggered and provides a mechanism for appropriate public notification of any
changes to watering schedules resulting from implementation of a drought response condition level.
A copy of the ordinance is included in Appendix I.
9.1.2 Metering
All of CMWD’s water connections are metered and billed according to water consumed. There are
some mixed-use meters where irrigation and domestic use are metered through one service
connection meter in CMWD’s service area. CMWD plans to convert those properties’ irrigation systems
to recycled water as the Phase III Recycled Water Project is constructed and the recycled water
distribution system is extended.
CMWD has a water meter replacement and calibration plan in place to ensure that meters are
performing correctly, and all water consumed is being recorded. In general, CMWD replaces meters
under 1-inch every 20 years and meters over 1-inch every 15 years. In 2012, CMWD began replacing
traditional water meters with “smart meters” that enabled collection of water usage information to be
automated. CMWD has now completed the final stage of its Advanced Metering Infrastructure (AMI)
project.
In 2018, CMWD installed data analytics software, known as WaterSmart, to work in conjunction with
its AMI system. WaterSmart enables staff to be alerted in real time about customer leaks and bursts.
Staff can then notify the customer via email or phone call. The WaterSmart software has saved
thousands of gallons of water that would have otherwise been wasted at a high cost to CMWD’s
customers and enhanced CMWD’s water conservation program.
9.1.3 Conservation Pricing
CMWD has and will continue to utilize a combination of uniform and increasing block or tiered rate
conservation rate structures for potable water served. Single family and multifamily residential
customer classes are billed in increasing block structures where the water rate increases for additional
water units consumed. Table 9-2 shows the residential customer billing rates for 2021. Commercial,
agricultural, and irrigation customer classes are billed using uniform rate structures where a flat rate
is billed for every unit consumed. One unit is equal to a hundred cubic feet, or 748 gallons. Table 9-3
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shows the 2021 billing rates for commercial customers. Recycled water was billed at a flat rate of
$3.79 for all non-potable water customers in 2021.
Table 9-2: 2021 Residential Customer Billing Rates for Potable Water
Tier Block Structure Cost per Unit1
Single Family and Master-Metered2
Tier 1 0 – 10 units $4.13/unit
Tier 2 11-18 units $4.51/unit
Tier 3 19 units and above $7.18/unit
Multiple Family2
Tier 1 0 – 5 units $3.93/unit
Tier 2 6+ units $5.04/unit
1 One water unit is 100 cubic feet or 748 gallons
2 Tiers are based on water use per dwelling unit, as measured in units of
water consumed
Table 9-3: 2021 Commercial Customer Billing Rates for Potable Water
Tier Cost per Unit1
Agricultural rate $4.71/unit
Irrigation rate $5.41/unit
Commercial rate $4.36/unit
1 One water unit is 100 cubic feet or 748 gallons
9.1.4 Public Education and Outreach
CMWD implements multiple approaches to public education and outreach on a variety of projects,
initiatives, and goals. These approaches use outreach, workshops, school education programs, and
provision of resources for CMWD customers. Many of CMWD’s efforts are implemented in coordination
with other agencies and through regional efforts. Between fiscal years 2015-16 and 2019-20, CMWD
has spent approximately $1,256,000 on conservation, including staff time and the implementation of
WaterSmart software. In addition, since 2012, total turf and device rebates provided to CMWD
customers have valued $3,605,000. This section summarizes conservation programs currently
available to CMWD customers.
Outreach Activities
CWMD staffs a water conservation booth dedicated to promoting water conservation at several events
throughout the year. At the events, CMWD displays handouts containing indoor and outdoor water
saving information and conservation tools.
In order to reach a wide range of audiences, CMWD also makes brochures and handouts available at
various community centers and City of Carlsbad and CMWD offices. CMWD has consistently reached
out to customers on at least a quarterly basis using various methods every quarter within the last five
years. In coordination with SDCWA, CMWD promotes opportunities for residents to participate in
regional programs such as the California–Friendly landscape contest, Speaker Bureaus, and Citizens
Water Academy. As a member of the NSDWRC, CMWD participates in outreach efforts educating the
public on recycled water and potable reuse safety and use, and the importance of potable water
conservation to the region.
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Workshops
In coordination with SDCWA, CMWD provides workshops on water related themes geared to the
residential user. Workshop topics presented in the past include California Friendly Landscape Training.
Workshops are offered for free and held at different locations throughout the county, including within
CMWD’s service area.
School Education
CMWD offers school education programs for local schools as well as education materials to teachers
upon request through SDCWA. The Splash Lab offers assembly presentations available to grades 4 -
8 to educate students on water science. For Grades K – 6, students can participate in an assembly
that is fact-filled and engages students in water conservation. In addition, there is an annual calendar
art contest for fourth graders from schools within CMWD’s service area with an opportunity to win
prizes by drawing a water conservation themed picture.
Residential Customer Resources
In coordination with MWD’s SoCal Water$mart program and SDCWA’s WaterSmart San Diego County
program, rebates are available to CMWD customers to promote indoor and outdoor water
conservation. One popular program is the turf removal rebate program designed to encourage the
replacement of water-thirsty turf for drought tolerant plants. These programs are advertised and linked
to on CMWD’s water conservation website. Through SDCWA’s turf replacement rebate program, CMWD
customers have converted 32,386 square feet of turf to water-wise landscaping, as of June 2020.
Additional funds were recently secured by SDCWA to continue its turf conversion rebates, and it is
anticipated that CMWD customers will continue to participate in turf conversions through this program.
Table 9-4 provides a list of all rebates available and their associated rebate amounts.
Table 9-4: Residential Water Conservation Rebate
Rebate Program Name Rebate Amount
Indoor Rebates
Clothes washer rebate $85
HE toilets $40
Outdoor Rebates
Turf removal rebate $2-$3/sq ft up to 5,000 sq ft
Irrigation controllers $80
Irrigation nozzles $2/nozzle - minimum is 30
Rain barrels $35
Soil moisture sensors $35/controller station
Commercial Customer Resources
In coordination with MWD’s SoCal Water$mart Program and SDCWA’s WaterSmart San Diego County
program, CMWD provides information on available rebates for CMWD’s commercial customers that
promote water efficiency for businesses. Table 9-5 displays the rebates and their associated amounts
available to commercial customers that were available in recent years.
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Table 9-5: Commercial Water Conservation Rebates
Rebate Name Rebate Amount
Indoor Fixtures
HE toilet $40
UL Urinal $200
Zero Water urinal $200
Flow valve restrictions $5/valve (minimum of 10)
Outdoor Fixtures
Turf removal $2/sq ft up to $5,000
Irrigation controllers $35/controller station
Irrigation heads $2/nozzle (minimum of 30)
Large rotary nozzles $13/set (minimum of 8)
Flow regulators $1/regulator (minimum of 25)
Soil moisture sensors $35/station
Restaurant Fixtures
Connectionless food steamers $485
Air-cooled ice machines $1,000
Commercial/Industrial
Cooling tower conductivity controllers $625
Cooling tower pH controllers $1,750
Dry vacuum pump $125/0.5 HP
Laminar flow restrictors $10/restrictor (minimum of 10)
Large Landscape Water Audits
Dedicated Large Landscape customers are offered water audits to provide suggestions on improving
water efficiency and to qualify for water conservation rebates. In the past five years, approximately
nine water audits have been performed by CMWD staff and an independent contractor.
Contractor Incentive Program
The WaterSmart Contractor Incentive Program offers several incentivized water-efficient devices that
when installed in combination, are among the irrigation industry’s best management practices.
Program requirements, qualifying irrigation devices and rebate amounts are available.
WaterSmart Check-up Program
In coordination with SDCWA, CMWD has and will continue to offer the WaterSmart Check-up Program
to top water users each month. During a WaterSmart check-up, a WaterSmart certified irrigation
professional visits a property upon request to provide water saving tips and perform a water audit. This
audit includes an inventory of water fixtures used indoors and outdoors, replacement of high use water
fixtures, evaluating toilets for leaks, and performing a landscape water audit. During the water audit,
sprinkler stations are turned on to evaluate inefficiencies and adjustments to watering schedules are
made where appropriate. A summary report with additional conservation advertising is left with the
customer at the end of the appointment. Over the past five years, 92 audits have been performed.
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Landscape Education
WaterSmart Landscaping in San Diego County is an online plant finder found at
watersmartsdlandscaping.org. This interactive gardening tool has thousands of pictures of plants and
garden designs that are well-suited to the southern California climate. It offers visual tours of beautiful,
water-efficient landscapes through photographs with links to plant information screens.
Residential Water Use Calculator
An online home water footprint calculator tool is available to help homeowners understand how and
where homes can use less. This calculator takes individualized input by homeowners and shows which
of their water uses are efficient and which are not. It also offers tips that save water and energy. The
calculator quickly estimates how much water homes use indoors and outdoors, then compares
consumption to average and highly efficient homes in the same area with same number of residents.
It also suggests where to begin water-use efficiency improvements.
WaterSmart Landscape Makeover Program Workshops
These workshops offer classes and coaching from professionals that teach the basics on how to do a
landscape makeover. Topics include soil, design, turf removal, plant selection, planning, irrigation,
rainwater catchment and implementation, which are all the elements needed to convert high-water-
use turf to a beautiful, water-efficient landscape.
Quality Water Efficient Landscaper (QWEL)
On the WaterSmart website, people can register for free local training courses that will result in Quality
Water Efficient Landscaper (QWEL) certification. Providing landscape professionals with 20 hours of
education on principles of proper plant selection for the local climate, irrigation system design and
maintenance, and irrigation system programming and operation.
Agua Hedionda Lagoon Foundation (AHLF) Demonstration Garden
In the City of Carlsbad, the AHLF hosts the premiere native plant garden in North San Diego County.
Visitors can browse through the extensive California Native Plant Garden and accompanying colorful
and informative interpretive signage. The landscaping includes 800 native plants featuring over 60
different species for visitors to learn about California's low water use native flora.
9.1.5 Programs to Assess and Manage Distribution System Real Loss
CMWD has completed the AWWA Water Loss Audit Software program and has determined that water
losses are within the acceptable industry standard range. Water losses have been incorporated into
the appropriate tables in Section 4 System Use. CMWD is proactive in reducing unaccounted for water
by ensuring water meters are regularly maintained, evaluated for functionality, and replaced well within
industry standards.
Reported leaks are investigated and recorded in a tracking database that collects the time of report,
leak location, and type of leaking pipe or fitting. Leaks are repaired to the extent that is cost effective
and prioritized based on potential water loss. In 2017-2018, a full system leak survey was performed.
There were 57 leaks detected throughout the 455 miles of potable distribution lines. An estimated
123.5 AFY was saved after these leaks were repaired.
CMWD also uses the Supervisory Control and Data Acquisition (SCADA) system, a meter replacement
program, and advanced metering infrastructure (AMI) and WaterSmart technology to minimize leaks
and water waste. These programs help customers conserve water by updating technology and
replacing meters to help better monitor leakage.
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9.1.6 Water Conservation Program Coordination and Staffing Support
Water conservation staffing is performed by a full time (1 FTE) Water Conservation Specialist and a
Supervisor at 25% FTE. The Water Conservation Specialist is responsible for developing, implementing,
and monitoring water conservation programs and for conducting water audits. They are also
responsible for promoting CMWD’s conservation programs. An overview of CMWD’s Water
Conservation programs can be found at:
https://www.carlsbadca.gov/services/depts/pw/utils/water/default.asp.
9.2 DMM Activity
A summary of the nature and extent of the DMMs implemented by CMWD from 2016 through 2020,
along with a summary of continued and planned BMPs, is presented in Table 9-6, organized by DMM.
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2020 Urban Water Management Plan Demand Management Measures Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft May 2021 9-8 Table 9-6: Extent of CWMD’s DMMs DMM 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Planned Future (2021-2025) Operation Practices Ordinance 44 Ordinance 44 Ordinance 44 Ordinance 44 Ordinance 44 Ordinance 44 Water Loss Control Not Quantified Not Quantified Full System Leak Survey Completed 57 Leaks repaired; 123.5 AFY saved Not Quantified Not Quantified Continue to repair leaks in a timely manner. Another full system leak survey is planned for fall 2021. Metering with Commodity All accounts metered All accounts metered All accounts metered All accounts metered All accounts metered All accounts will continue to be metered. Advanced metering infrastructure is in place system-wide. Retail Conservation Pricing Tiered rates in place for all residential customers Tiered rates in place for all residential customers Tiered rates in place for all residential customers Tiered rates in place for all residential customers Tiered rates in place for all residential customers Tiered rates will remain in place for all residential customers School Education Programs 0 water conservation field trips 3 water conservation field trips 5 water conservation field trips 7 water conservation field trips 2 water conservation field trips Annual funds will continue to be allocated to school education programs to the extent budget is available. Residential Indoor and Outdoor Water Fixture Efficiency Rebate Programs 501 Rebates 243 Rebates 166 Rebates 137 Rebates 174 Rebates CMWD hopes to complete an average of 150 residential water efficiency rebates per year. Commercial Indoor and Outdoor Water Fixture Efficiency Rebate Programs 42 Rebates 4 Rebates 11 Rebates 2 Rebates 11 Rebates CMWD hopes to complete an average of 14 commercial water efficiency rebates per year. Turf 148 Rebates 29 Rebates 4 Rebates 24 Rebates 21 Rebates CMWD hopes to complete an June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 135 of 652
2020 Urban Water Management Plan Demand Management Measures Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft May 2021 9-9 DMM 2016 2017 2018 2019 2020 Planned Future (2021-2025) Replacement Rebate Programs average of 19 turf replacement rebates per year. Water Use Surveys1 68 surveys 33 surveys 107 surveys 53 surveys 25 surveys CMWD hopes to complete an average of 57 water use surveys per year. 1 Includes full audits, irrigation checkups, residential surveys, and irrigation controller visits June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 136 of 652
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9.3 Future DMM Implementation
CMWD plans to continue to provide information about the available array of educational and rebate
programs, as funds are available to sustain the programs. The popularity of the Turf Removal Rebate
displays a need and desire for residential customers wanting a more permeant option to manage
outdoor water use and it is expected that this program will be marketed heavily in the next few years
as funding is made available by SDCWA. Although all fixtures for indoor conservation that are now
available to California customers are water efficient, CMWD still sees its rebate program as a way to
continue to encourage additional conservation through high efficiency devices.
As demonstrated in Section 5 Baseline and Targets, CMWD’s 2020 GPCD is well below its 2020 target.
These savings have been achieved in part due to implementation of the DMMs described in this
section, and CMWD is committed to continued demand management through ongoing permanent
savings (e.g., from landscape conversions), water waste prohibition and waste prevention ordinances,
expansion of recycled water service, and other conservation efforts. In the long-term, CMWD is also
considering the implementation of customer-interface software, SmartWorks, that will be used in
conjunction with CMWD’s existing WaterSmart software in providing on-going demand data and
notifications directly to customers via an online portal. This continued demand management will help
achieve the new water use objectives for certain water use sectors that will be developed in 2023.
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Plan Adoption, Submittal, and
Implementation
This section of the 2020 UWMP addresses the steps CMWD has taken to adopt this 2020 UWMP,
submit it to DWR, and outlines the steps that will be taken should it prove necessary to amend the
2020 UWMP.
10.1 Plan Review and Notification Process
CMWD encouraged community and public involvement in the 2020 UWMP by releasing a draft UWMP
for public comment and scheduling a public hearing. The public hearing is currently scheduled for June
8, 2021, and will provide an opportunity for CMWD’s customers, interested agencies and organizations,
and the public to learn about CMWD’s current and projected water supply situation, and plans to continue
to provide a reliable water supply in the future. The hearing is an opportunity for people to ask questions
regarding the current situation and the viability of future plans. The hearing also includes a discussion
of CMWD’s Water Shortage Contingency Plan and associated annual reporting procedures, and
discussion of CMWD’s SBx7-7 per capita water use targets and the achievement of the 2020 target.
A 60-day notice of the update to the UWMP and public hearing was provided to San Diego County and
adjacent cities and other entities on March 26, 2021. The notification list has been included in
Appendix A, and notified agencies, cities, and the county are listed in Table 2-5 in Section 2 Plan
Preparation, along with their level of involvement with plan development.
Table 10-1: Notification to Cities and Counties
DWR Table 10-1 Retail: Notification to Cities and Counties
City Name 60 Day Notice Notice of Public
Hearing
City of Carlsbad
County Name 60 Day Notice Notice of Public
Hearing
San Diego County
Public hearing notifications are scheduled to be published in the San Diego Union Tribune on May 25 and
June 1, 2021. In addition, CMWD customers were noticed of plan availability with bill inserts in early May. A
copy of the draft 2020 UWMP will be made available for public review on the City of Carlsbad’s website
at www.carlsbadca.gov 30 days before the public hearing. Due to the COVID-19 emergency, no hard
copies were made available for review at City offices. A copy of the published Notice of Public Hearing will
be included in Appendix A in the final 2020 UWMP.
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10.2 Plan Adoption and Submittal Process
CMWD’s Board of Directors will hold a public hearing to receive public comments on the UWMP, immediately
prior to adoption of the UWMP. Following the public hearing on the document, this Plan is scheduled to
be adopted by the Board of Directors on June 8, 2021. A copy of the adoption resolution will be
provided in Appendix B.
The 2020 UWMP will be submitted to DWR, the California State Library, and San Diego County within
30 days after adoption, prior to the CWC’s deadline of July 1, 2021. Submitted items include an
electronic copy of the 2020 UWMP, along with copies of the required tables submitted through the
WUE data online submittal tool to DWR, and one CD with an electronic copy to each of the California
State Library and San Diego County, in accordance with the requirements in the 2020 Guidebook. The
2020 UMWP will be available for public review on the City of Carlsbad’s website within 30 days of filing
a copy with DWR, or by July 30, 2021.
10.3 Plan Implementation
All data used in development of this UWMP are the most current data available, and unless otherwise
noted include data for the calendar year. CMWD shall implement the adopted 2020 UWMP in
accordance with the schedule described in this Plan. Any amendments made to this Plan will require
completion of the same series of notification, public hearing, adoption, and submittals as required in
submittal of this original 2020 UWMP.
10.4 WSCP Adoption, Submittal and Availability
The final WSCP was included in the adoption of the 2020 UWMP, as described in the previous sections.
However, the WSCP can be amended, as needed, outside of a UWMP update cycle. The processes for
approving WSCP amendments and conducting required public hearings are similar to those required
for UWMP adoption. CMWD would release a 60-day notice of a public adoption hearing for the amended
WSCP. The list of entities that would be notified are provided in Appendix A. The public hearing to receive
public comments on the amended WSCP would be held immediately prior to the adoption of the
amended WSCP by the Board of Directors. The amended WSCP would be made available for the public
on the City of Carlsbad’s website within 30 days of the adoption date.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 139 of 652
May 2021 11-1
References
Section 1 Introduction and Overview
Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD). 2019. 2019a Potable Water Master Plan. June.
Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD). 2019b. 2019 Recycled Water Master Plan.
Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD). 2019c. 2019 Utilities Asset Management Master Plan.
Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD). 2012. Phase III Recycled Water Project Feasibility Study.
North San Diego Water Reuse Coalition (NSDWRC). 2015. 2015 Regional Recycled Water Project
Environmental Impact Report. Available: http://nsdwrc.org/project.html
North San Diego Water Reuse Coalition (NSDWRC). 2017. Regional Recycled Water Program: 2020
Project Feasibility Study.
San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA). 2021. 2020 draft Urban Water Management Plan. March.
San Diego Regional Water Management Group (RWMG). 2019. 2019 San Diego Integrated Regional
Water Management Plan. May. Available: https://sdirwmp.org/2019-irwm-plan-update
City of Carlsbad. 2020. Climate Action Plan. May.
City of Carlsbad. 2015. General Plan. September.
County of San Diego. 2018. Multi-jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan.
Section 2 Plan Preparation
San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA). 2021. 2020 draft Urban Water Management Plan. March.
Section 3 System Description
City of Carlsbad. 2015. General Plan Update – Land Use Element. September.
City of Carlsbad. 2020. Climate Action Plan. May.
Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD). 2019a. 2019 Potable Water Master Plan. June.
Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD). 2011. 2012 Water Master Plan. November.
CMWD. 2012. Phase III Recycled Water Project Feasibility Study. Prepared by Carollo and CH2MHill.
June.
National Weather Service. 2021. NOWData – NOAA Online Weather Data. Station
GHCND:USW00003177, Carlsbad McClellan Palomar Airport CA US. Accessed January 2021.
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration (NOAA). 2016. Summary of Monthly Normals 1981-
2010. Station GHCND:USW00003177, Carlsbad McClellan Palomar Airport CA US. Generated 24
March 2016.
San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG), 2020. Current Land Uses GIS Shapefile. Accessed
November 2020.
San Diego Regional Water Management Group (RWMG). 2019. 2019 San Diego Integrated Regional
Water Management Plan. May. Available: https://sdirwmp.org/2019-irwm-plan-update
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 140 of 652
2020 Urban Water Management Plan References
Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft
May 2021 11-2
United States Census Bureau (US Census). 2020. QuickFacts: Carlsbad City, California. Website:
https://www.census.gov/quickfacts/carlsbadcitycalifornia. Accessed October 2020.
Section 4 System Water Use
City of Carlsbad (City). 2016. Landscape Manual: Policies and Requirements. February.
Hull, David. 2020. Spreadsheet of calculated Transient Occupancy Tax for the City of Carlsbad.
San Diego County Association of Governments (SANDAG). 2016. Personal communication, email.
March 8, 2016.
San Diego County Water Authority (2016). 2015 Urban Water Management Plan.
San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA). 2021. 2020 draft Urban Water Management. March.
San Diego Regional Water Management Group (RWMG). 2019. 2019 San Diego Integrated Regional
Water Management Plan. May. Available: https://sdirwmp.org/2019-irwm-plan-update
Section 5 Baselines and Targets
California Department of Water Resources (DWR). 2016. Guidebook for Urban Water Suppliers.
March. Available:
http://www.water.ca.gov/urbanwatermanagement/docs/2015/UWMP_Guidebook_Mar_2016_FINA
L.pdf
Section 6 System Supplies
California Regional Water Quality Control Board, San Diego Region (RWQCB). 2001. Leucadia County
Water District Forest R. Gafner Water Reclamation Plant San Diego County (Addendum No. 1 to Oder
No. 93-41). October.
Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD). 2019a. 2019 Potable Water Master Plan. April.
Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD). 2019b. 2019 Recycled Water Master Plan.
Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD). 2016. Engineering Standards – Volume 2: Potable and
Recycled Water, 2016 Edition.
County of San Diego. 2018. San Diego Region Stormwater Capture and Use Feasibility Study, Draft.
September. Available: http://www.projectcleanwater.org/download/tac-meeting-
5/?wpdmdl=6709&refresh=6090a72ac89ed1620092714.
Encina Wastewater Authority (EWA). 2020. Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, Year Ended June
30, 2020.
Leucadia Wastewater District (LWWD). 2020. Comprehensive Annual Financial Report, Year Ended
June 30, 2020.
Metropolitan Water District of Southern California (MWD). 2021. 2020 draft Regional Urban Water
Management Plan. March.
San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA). 2021. 2020 draft Urban Water Management Plan. March.
San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA). 2010. Salinity/Nutrient Management Planning in the San
Diego Region (9). September 1.
San Diego Regional Water Management Group (RWMG). 2019. 2019 San Diego Integrated Regional
Water Management Plan. May. Available: https://sdirwmp.org/2019-irwm-plan-update
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 141 of 652
2020 Urban Water Management Plan References
Carlsbad Municipal Water District Draft
May 2021 11-3
U.S. Bureau of Reclamation (USBR). 2019. Lower Basin Drought Contingency Plan Agreement. May
20, 2019. Available: https://www.usbr.gov/dcp/finaldocs.html
Section 7 Water Supply Reliability
San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA). 2021. 2020 draft Urban Water Management Plan. March.
Section 8 Water Shortage Contingency Plan
San Diego County. 2018. City of Carlsbad 2018 Hazard Mitigation Plan.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 142 of 652
Appendix A – Notification
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 143 of 652
March 26, 2021
RE: CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT NOTICE OF REVIEW AND UPDATE: 2020
URBAN WATER MANAGEMENT PLAN
This letter is to notify your agency that the Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD) is
reviewing and considering amendments to its Urban Water Management Plan (UWMP).
California state law, specifically California Water Code Section 10610-10610.4, requires
each urban water supplier to prepare and adopt a UWMP every five years. CMWD is
currently preparing an update to its 2015 UWMP. The 2020 UWMP documents CMWD’s
plans to ensure adequate water supplies to meet existing and future demands for water
under a range of water supply conditions, including water shortages.
This letter is also to inform you that CMWD is preparing an attachment to its 2020 UWMP
to demonstrate consistency with Delta Plan Policy WR P1, Reduced Reliance on the Delta
Through Improved Regional Water Self-Reliance.
Finally, this letter is to inform you that CMWD is preparing a Water Shortage Contingency
Plan (WSCP), as a chapter of the 2020 UWMP. California state law, specifically Water Code
Section 10632.3, requires every urban water supplier to prepare and adopt a water
shortage contingency plan as part of its UWMP that details how the supplier intends to
act in the case of a water shortage condition.
In conformance with California Water Code Division 6, Part 2.6, §10621, this letter
serves as notification to all city and county agencies, which CMWD provides water, that
the UWMP is being reviewed, updated and the WSCP is being prepared. The draft 2020
UWMP and draft WSCP will be available for public review on the City of Carlsbad
website (www.carlsbadca.gov) by Friday, May 7, 2021.
Notice is hereby given that on Tuesday, June 8, 2021 at 3:00 P.M., at the virtual meeting
available at www.carlsbadca.gov, the Board of Directors of CMWD will conduct a public
hearing on the draft 2020 UWMP and draft WSCP. Immediately following the public
hearing on June 8, 2021, the draft 2020 UWMP and draft WSCP will be considered for
adoption by the CMWD Board of Directors.
Per California Executive Order N-29-20, and in the interest of public health and safety,
the City of Carlsbad is temporarily taking actions to prevent and mitigate the effects of
the COVID-19 pandemic by holding City Council and other public meetings online only.
All public meetings will comply with public noticing requirements in the Brown Act and
will be made accessible electronically to all members of the public seeking to observe
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 144 of 652
and address the City Council. You may participate by phone by signing up at
https://www.carlsbadca.gov/cityhall/clerk/meetings/default.asp by 2 p.m. the day of
the meeting to provide comments live by phone. You will receive a confirmation email
with instructions about how to call in. If you would like to participate in writing, email
comments to clerk@carlsbadca.gov. Comments received by 2 p.m. the day of the
meeting will be shared with the City Council prior to the meeting. When e-mailing
comments, please identify in the subject line the agenda item to which your comments
relate. All comments received will be included as part of the official record. Written
comments will not be read out loud. These participation procedures shall remain in
place during the period in which state or local health officials have imposed or
recommended social distancing measures.
The adopted 2020 UWMP and WSCP must be submitted to the California Department of
Water Resources by July 1, 2021.
Please contact Ms. Shoshana Aguilar at 760-814-0241 or at
Shoshana.Aguilar@carlsbadca.gov or Mr. David Hull at 760-602-7322 or
David.Hull@carlsbadca.gov if you would like additional information or would like to
submit comments regarding CMWD's 2020 UWMP and/or WSCP.
Sincerely,
Vicki Quiram
General Manager
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 145 of 652
Agencies Notified of CMWD 2020 UWMP
Company First Last Title Street Address Address Line 2 City State ZipCode
Olivenhain Municipal Water District Kimberly Thorner General Manager 1966 Olivenhain Road Encinitas CA 92024
Rincon del Diablo Municipal Water District Clint Baze General Manager 1920 North Iris Lane Escondido CA 92028
San Elijo Joint Powers Authority Mike Thornton General Manager 2695 Manchester Avenue Cardiff-by-the-Sea CA 92007
San Diego County Water Authority Tim Bombardier Senior Water Resources Specialist 4677 Overland Avenue San Diego CA 92123
San Diego Association of Governments Coleen Clementson Director of Regional Planning 401 B Street Suite 800 San Diego CA 92101-4231
City of Encinitas Lillian Doherty Director, Development Services 505 S Vulcan Avenue Encinitas CA 92024
County of San Diego Mark Wardlaw Director of Planning and Land Use 5510 Overland Avenue Suite 310 San Diego CA 92123
City of San Diego Shauna Lorance Director, Public Utilities 202 C Street San Diego CA 92101-4806
City of San Marcos Planning Department Joseph Farace Planning Division Manager 1 Civic Center Drive San Marcos CA 92069
San Diego Local Agency Formation Commission Keene Simonds Chief, Governmental Services 9335 Hazard Way Suite 200 San Diego CA 92123
City of Carlsbad Don Neu City Planner 1635 Faraday Avenue Carlsbad CA 92008
Vallecitos Water District Glenn Pruim General Manager 201 Vallecitos De Oro San Marcos CA 92069
Vista Community Development Department John Conley Director 200 Civic Center Drive Vista CA 92084
Encina Wastewater Authority Michael F.Steinlicht General Manager 6200 Avenida Encinas Carlsbad CA 92011
City of Escondido Christopher W. McKinney Director of Utilities City Hall, Second Floor 201 North Broadway Escondido CA 92025
City of Oceanside Planning Department Cari Dale Water Utilities Director 300 N Coast Highway Oceanside CA 92054
Leucadia Wastewater District Paul J.Bushee General Manager 1960 La Costa Avenue Carlsbad CA 92009
Metropolitan Water District of Southern California Jeffrey Kightlinger General Manager P.O. Box 54153 Los Angeles CA 90054-0153
Santa Fe Irrigation District Al Lau General Manager P.O. Box 409 Rancho Santa Fe CA 92067
City of Encinitas Pamela Antil City Manager 505 S Vulcan Avenue Encinitas CA 92024
City of San Marcos Jack Griffin City Manager 1 Civic Center Drive San Marcos CA 92069
City of Escondido Jeffrey R.Epp City Manager City Hall, Second Floor 201 North Broadway Escondido CA 92025
City of Oceanside Deanna Lorson City Manager 300 N Coast Highway Oceanside CA 92054
City of Carlsbad Scott Chadwick City Manager 1200 Carlsbad Village Drive Carlsbad CA 92008
City of Vista Patrick Johnson City Manager 200 Civic Center Drive 3rd Floor Vista CA 92084
Vallecitos Water District James H.Gumpel District Engineer 201 Vallecitos De Oro San Marcos CA 92069
San Dieguito Water District Isam Hireish General Manager 160 Calle Magdalena Encinitas CA 92024
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 146 of 652
Appendix B – UWMP Adoption
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 147 of 652
2020 UWMP Adoption Resolution will be added after adoption
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 148 of 652
Appendix C – UWMP Checklist
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 149 of 652
Page 1 of 13
UWMP Checklist (Final DWR Guidebook - Appendix F)
Checklist Arranged by Subject
Water Code
Section
Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020
Guidebook
Location
2020 UWMP
Location
10615 A plan shall describe and evaluate sources of supply,
reasonable and practical efficient uses, reclamation and
demand management activities
Introduction
and Overview
Chapter 1 Executive
Summary, Ch.
4, Ch. 6, Ch.
9
10608.20(e) Retail suppliers shall provide baseline daily per capita water
use, urban water use target, interim urban water use target,
and compliance daily per capita water use, along with the
bases for determining those estimates, including references
to supporting data.
Baselines and
Targets
Chapter 5 Appendix G -
SBx7-7
Verification
Form and
Section 5.2
10608.22 Retail suppliers’ per capita daily water use reduction shall
be no less than 5 percent of base daily per capita water
use of the 5 year baseline. This does not apply if the
suppliers base GPCD is at or below 100.
Baselines and
Targets
Section
5.7.2
Appendix G -
SBx7-7
Verification
Form and
Section 5.2.3
10608.24(a) Retail suppliers shall meet their water use target by
December 31, 2020.
Baselines and
Targets
Section 5.7 Appendix G -
SBx7-7
Verification
Form and
Section 5.2.3
10608.24(d)(2) If the retail supplier adjusts its compliance GPCD using
weather normalization, economic adjustment, or
extraordinary events, it shall provide the basis for, and data
supporting the adjustment.
Baselines and
Targets
Section
s 5.2
and
5.5.7
N/A
10608.36 Wholesale suppliers shall include an assessment of present
and proposed future measures, programs, and policies to
help their retail water suppliers achieve targeted water use
reductions.
Baselines and
Targets
Section 5.1 N/A
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 150 of 652
Page 2 of 13
Water Code
Section
Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020
Guidebook
Location
2020 UWMP
Location
10608.4 Retail suppliers shall report on their progress in meeting
their water use targets. The data shall be reported using a
standardized form.
Baselines and
Targets
Section 5.8
and App E
Appendix G -
SBx7-7
Verification
Form and
Section 5.2.3
10631(e)(1) Retail suppliers shall provide a description of the nature and
extent of each demand management measure implemented
over the past five years. The description will address
specific measures listed in code.
Demand
Management
Measures
Sections 9.2
and 9.3
Section 9.2
10631(e)(2) Wholesale suppliers shall describe specific demand
management measures listed in code, their distribution
system asset management program, and supplier
assistance program.
Demand
Management
Measures
Sections 9.1
and 9.3
N/A
10608.26(a) Retail suppliers shall conduct a public hearing to discuss
adoption, implementation, and economic impact of water
use targets.
Plan Adoption,
Submittal, and
Implementation
Chapter 10 Section 10.1
10621(b) Notify, at least 60 days prior to the public hearing, any city
or county within which the supplier provides water that the
urban water supplier will be reviewing the plan and
considering amendments or changes to the plan.
Plan Adoption,
Submittal, and
Implementation
Section
10.2.1
Appendix A -
Notification
and Section
10.1
10621(f) Each urban water supplier shall update and submit its 2020
plan to the department by July 1, 2021.
Plan Adoption,
Submittal, and
Implementation
Section
10.4
Section 10.2
10642 Provide supporting documentation that the urban water
supplier made the plan and contingency plan available for
public inspection, published notice of the public hearing, and
held a public hearing.
Plan Adoption,
Submittal, and
Implementation
Sections
10.2.2,10.3,
and10.5
Appendix A -
Notification
and Section
10.1
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 151 of 652
Page 3 of 13
Water Code
Section
Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020
Guidebook
Location
2020 UWMP
Location
10642 The water supplier is to provide the time and place of the
hearing to any city or county within which the supplier
provides water.
Plan Adoption,
Submittal, and
Implementation
Section
10.2.2
Appendix A -
Notification
and Section
10.1
10642 Provide supporting documentation that the plan and
contingency plan has been adopted as prepared or
modified.
Plan Adoption,
Submittal, and
Implementation
Section
10.3.2
Appendix B
and Section
10.2
10644(a) Provide supporting documentation that the urban water
supplier has submitted this UWMP to the California State
Library.
Plan Adoption,
Submittal, and
Implementation
Section
10.4
Section 10.2
10644(a)(1) Provide supporting documentation that the urban water
supplier has submitted this UWMP to any city or county
within which the supplier provides water no later than 30
days after adoption.
Plan Adoption,
Submittal, and
Implementation
Section
10.4
Section 10.2
10644(a)(2) The plan, or amendments to the plan, submitted to the
department shall be submitted electronically.
Plan Adoption,
Submittal, and
Implementation
Sections
10.4.1 and
10.4.2
Section 10.2
10645(a) Provide supporting documentation that, not later than 30
days after filing a copy of its plan with the department, the
supplier has or will make the plan available for public review
during normal business hours.
Plan Adoption,
Submittal, and
Implementation
Section
10.5
Section 10.2
10645(b) Provide supporting documentation that, not later than 30
days after filing a copy of its water shortage contingency
plan with the department, the supplier has or will make the
plan available for public review during normal business
hours.
Plan Adoption,
Submittal, and
Implementation
Section
10.5
Section 10.2
10621(c) If supplier is regulated by the Public Utilities Commission,
include its plan and contingency plan as part of its general
rate case fillings.
Plan Adoption,
Submittal, and
Implementation
Section
10.6
N/A
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 152 of 652
Page 4 of 13
Water Code
Section
Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020
Guidebook
Location
2020 UWMP
Location
10644(b) If revised, submit a copy of the water shortage contingency
plan to DWR within 30 days of adoptions
Plan Adoption,
Submittal, and
Implementation
Section
10.7.2
Section 10.4
10620(b) Every person that becomes an urban water supplier shall
adopt an urban water management plan within one year
after it has become an urban water supplier.
Plan
Preparation
Section 2.1 Section 2
10620(d)(2) Coordinate the preparation of its plan with other appropriate
agencies in the area, including other water suppliers that
share a common source, water management agencies, and
relevant public agencies, to the extent practicable.
Plan
Preparation
Section
2.5.2
Section 2
10642 Provide supporting documentation that the water supplier
has encouraged active involvement of diverse social,
cultural, and economic elements of the population within
the service area prior to and during the preparation of the
plan and contingency plan.
Plan
Preparation
Section 2.6 Appendix A -
Notification
and Section
2.2 and 2.3
10630.5 Each plan shall include a simple description of the supplier’s
plan including water availability, future requirements, a
strategy for meeting needs, and other pertinent information.
Summary Chapter 1 Executive
Summary
10631(a) Describe the water supplier service area. System
Description
Section 3.1 Section 3.1
10631(a) Describe the climate of the service area of the supplier. System
Description
Section 3.3 Section 3.1.2
10631(a) Provide population projections for 2025, 2030,2035, 2040
and optionally 2045.
System
Description
Section 3.4 Section 3.1.3
10631(a) Describe other social, economic, and demographic
factors affecting the supplier’s water management
planning.
System
Description
Section 3.4 Section 3.1.3
10631(a) Describe the land uses within the service area. System
Description
Section 3.5 Section 3.1.4
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 153 of 652
Page 5 of 13
Water Code
Section
Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020
Guidebook
Location
2020 UWMP
Location
10631(a) Indicate the current population of the service area. System
Description
and Baselines
and Targets
Sections3.4
and 5.4
Section 3.1.3
10631(b) Identify and quantify the existing and planned sources of
water available for 2020, 2025, 2030, 2035,2040 and
optionally 2045.
System
Supplies
Section
6.2.8
Section 6.1
10631(b) Indicate whether groundwater is an existing or planned
source of water available to the supplier.
System
Supplies
Section 6.2 Section 6.3
10631(b)(1) Provide a discussion of anticipated supply availability under
a normal, single dry year, and a drought lasting five years,
as well as more frequent and severe periods of drought.
System
Supplies
Section 6.1
and 6.2
Sections 7.2
and 7.3
10631(b)(1) Provide a discussion of anticipated supply availability under
a normal, single dry year, and a drought lasting five years,
as well as more frequent and severe periods of drought,
including changes in supply due to climate change.
System
Supplies
Section 6.1 Sections 7.2
and 7.3
10631(b)(2) When multiple sources of water supply are identified,
describe the management of each supply in relationship to
other identified supplies.
System
Supplies
Section 6.1 Sections 6
10631(b)(3) Describe measures taken to acquire and develop planned
sources of water.
System
Supplies
Section
6.1.1
Section 6.1
10631(b)(4)(A) Indicate whether a groundwater sustainability plan or
groundwater management plan has been adopted by the
water supplier or if there is any other specific authorization
for groundwater management. Include a copy of the plan or
authorization.
System
Supplies
Section
6.2.2
Section 6.3
10631(b)(4)(B) Describe the groundwater basin. System
Supplies
Section
6.2.2
Section 6.3
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 154 of 652
Page 6 of 13
Water Code
Section
Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020
Guidebook
Location
2020 UWMP
Location
10631(b)(4)(B) Indicate if the basin has been adjudicated and include a
copy of the court order or decree and a description of the
amount of water the supplier has the legal right to pump.
System
Supplies
Section
6.2.2
Section 6.3
10631(b)(4)(B) For unadjudicated basins, indicate whether or not the
department has identified the basin as a high or medium
priority. Describe efforts by the supplier to coordinate with
sustainability or groundwater agencies to achieve
sustainable groundwater conditions.
System
Supplies
Section
6.2.2.1
Section 6.3
10631(b)(4)(C) Provide a detailed description and analysis of the location,
amount, and sufficiency of groundwater pumped by the
urban water supplier for the past five years
System
Supplies
Section
6.2.2.4
Section 6.3
10631(b)(4)(D) Provide a detailed description and analysis of the amount
and location of groundwater that is projected to be pumped.
System
Supplies
Section
6.2.2
Section 6.3
and Section
6.9
10631(c) Describe the opportunities for exchanges or transfers of
water on a short-term or long- term basis.
System
Supplies
Section
6.2.7
Section 6.6
10631(f) Describe the expected future water supply projects and
programs that may be undertaken by the water supplier to
address water supply reliability in average, single-dry, and
for a period of drought lasting 5 consecutive water years.
System
Supplies
Section
6.2.8 and
6.3.7
Section 6.8
10631(g) Describe desalinated water project opportunities for long-
term supply.
System
Supplies
Section
6.2.6
Section 6.5
10631(h) Retail suppliers will include documentation that they have
provided their wholesale supplier(s) - if any - with water use
projections from that source.
System
Supplies
Section
2.6 and
6.1
Section 2.2
and Table 2-4
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 155 of 652
Page 7 of 13
Water Code
Section
Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020
Guidebook
Location
2020 UWMP
Location
10631(h) Wholesale suppliers will include documentation that they
have provided their urban water suppliers with identification
and quantification of the existing and planned sources of
water available from the wholesale to the urban supplier
during various water year types.
System
Supplies
Section
2.6
N/A
10633(a) Describe the wastewater collection and treatment systems
in the supplier’s service area with quantified amount of
collection and treatment and the disposal methods.
System
Supplies
(Recycled
Water)
Section
6.2.5
Section 6.7
10633(b) Describe the quantity of treated wastewater that meets
recycled water standards, is being discharged, and is
otherwise available for use in a recycled water project.
System
Supplies
(Recycled
Water)
Section
6.2.5
Section 6.7
10633(c) Describe the recycled water currently being used in the
supplier's service area.
System
Supplies
(Recycled
Water)
Section
6.2.5
Section 6.7.4
10633(d) Describe and quantify the potential uses of recycled water
and provide a determination of the technical and economic
feasibility of those uses.
System
Supplies
(Recycled
Water)
Section
6.2.5
Section 6.7.5
10633(e) Describe the projected use of recycled water within the
supplier's service area at the end of 5, 10, 15, and 20 years,
and a description of the actual use of recycled water in
comparison to uses previously projected.
System
Supplies
(Recycled
Water)
Section
6.2.5
Sections 6.7.5
and 6.9
10633(f) Describe the actions which may be taken to encourage the
use of recycled water and the projected results of these
actions in terms of acre-feet of recycled water used per
year.
System
Supplies
(Recycled
Water)
Section
6.2.5
Section 6.7.6
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 156 of 652
Page 8 of 13
Water Code
Section
Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020
Guidebook
Location
2020 UWMP
Location
10633(g) Provide a plan for optimizing the use of recycled water
in the supplier's service area.
System
Supplies
(Recycled
Water)
Section
6.2.5
Section 6.7.6
10631.2(a) The UWMP must include energy intensity information as
stated in the code.
System Supplies,
Energy Intensity
Section 6.4
and
Appendix
O
Section 6.10
10631(d)(1) Quantify past, current, and projected water use, identifying
the uses among water use sectors.
System Water
Use
Sections
4.1 and 4.2
Sections 4.1
and 4.2
10631(d)(3)(A) Report the distribution system water loss for each of the 5
years preceding the plan update.
System Water
Use
Section
4.1.3
Section 4.1.3
10631(d)(3)(C) Retail suppliers shall provide data to show the distribution
loss standards were met.
System Water
Use
Section
4.1.3
Section 4.1.3
10631(d)(4)(A) In projected water use, include estimates of water savings
from adopted codes, plans, and other policies or laws.
System Water
Use
Section
4.2.6
Section 4.2
10631(d)(4)(B) Provide citations of codes, standards, ordinances, or plans
used to make water use projections
System Water
Use
Section
4.2.6
Section 4.2
10631.1(a) Include projected water use needed for lower income
housing projected in the service area of the supplier.
System Water
Use
Section 4.5 Section 4.4
10635(b) Demands under climate change considerations must be
included as part of the drought risk assessment
System
Water Use
Section 4.5 Section 7.4
10632(a) Provide a water shortage contingency plan (WSCP) with
specified elements below.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Chapter 8 Chapter 8
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 157 of 652
Page 9 of 13
Water Code
Section
Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020
Guidebook
Location
2020 UWMP
Location
10632(a)(1) Provide the analysis of water supply reliability (from
Chapter 7 of Guidebook) in the WSCP
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Chapter 8 Section 8.9
10632(a)(2)(A) Provide the written decision-making process and other
methods that the supplier will use each year to determine
its water reliability.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section 8.2 Section 8.2.1
10632(a)(2)(B) Provide data and methodology to evaluate the supplier’s
water reliability for the current year and one dry year
pursuant to factors in the code.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section 8.2 Section 8.2.2
10632(a)(3)(A) Define six standard water shortage levels of 10, 20,30, 40,
50 percent shortage and greater than 50 percent shortage.
These levels shall be based on supply conditions, including
percent reductions in supply, changes in groundwater
levels, changes in surface elevation, or other conditions.
The shortage levels shall also apply to a catastrophic
interruption of supply.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section 8.3 Section 8.3
10632(a)(3)(B) Suppliers with an existing water shortage contingency plan
that uses different water shortage levels must cross
reference their categories with the six standard categories.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section 8.3 Section 8.3
and Table 8-3
10632(a)(4)(A) Suppliers with water shortage contingency plans that align
with the defined shortage levels must specify locally
appropriate supply augmentation actions.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section 8.4 Section 8.3
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 158 of 652
Page 10 of 13
Water Code
Section
Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020
Guidebook
Location
2020 UWMP
Location
10632(a)(4)(B) Specify locally appropriate demand reduction actions to
adequately respond to shortages.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section 8.4 Section 8.3.1
and Table 8-4
10632(a)(4)(C) Specify locally appropriate operational changes. Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section 8.4 Section 8.2.5
10632(a)(4)(D) Specify additional mandatory prohibitions against specific
water use practices that are in addition to state-mandated
prohibitions are appropriate to local conditions.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section 8.4 Section 8.3.1
10632(a)(4)(E) Estimate the extent to which the gap between supplies
and demand will be reduced by implementation of the
action.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section 8.4 Section 8.3.1
and Table 8-4
10632(a)(5)(A) Suppliers must describe that they will inform customers,
the public and others regarding any current or predicted
water shortages.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section 8.5 Section 8.8
10632(a)(5)(B)
10632(a)(5)(C)
Suppliers must describe that they will inform customers,
the public and others regarding any shortage response
actions triggered or anticipated to be triggered and other
relevant communications.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section
8.5, 8.6
Section 8.8.3
10632(a)(6) Retail suppliers must describe how it will ensure compliance
with and enforce provisions of the WSCP.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section 8.6 Section 8.4
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 159 of 652
Page 11 of 13
Water Code
Section
Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020
Guidebook
Location
2020 UWMP
Location
10632(a)(7)(A) Describe the legal authority that empowers the supplier to
enforce shortage response actions.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section 8.7 Section 8.1.1
10632(a)(7)(B) Provide a statement that the supplier will declare a water
shortage emergency Water Code Chapter 3.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section 8.7 Section 8.8
10632(a)(7)(C) Provide a statement that the supplier will coordinate with
any city or county within which it provides water for the
possible proclamation of a local emergency.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section 8.7 Section 8.8
10632(a)(8)(A) Describe the potential revenue reductions and expense
increases associated with activated shortage response
actions.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section 8.8 Section 8.6
10632(a)(8)(B) Provide a description of mitigation actions needed to
address revenue reductions and expense increases
associated with activated shortage response actions.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section 8.8 Section 8.6
10632(a)(8)(C) Describe the cost of compliance with Water Code Chapter
3.3: Excessive Residential Water Use During Drought.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section 8.8 Section 8.6
10632(a)(9) Retail suppliers must describe the monitoring and reporting
requirements and procedures that ensure appropriate data
is collected, tracked, and analyzed for purposes of
monitoring customer compliance.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section 8.9 Section 8.5
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 160 of 652
Page 12 of 13
Water Code
Section
Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020
Guidebook
Location
2020 UWMP
Location
10632(a)(10) Describe reevaluation and improvement procedures for
monitoring and evaluation the water shortage contingency
plan to ensure risk tolerance is adequate and appropriate
water shortage mitigation strategies are implemented.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section
8.10
Section 8.5
10632(c) Make available the Water Shortage Contingency Plan to
customers and any city of county where it provides water
within 30 days after adopted the plan.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section
8.14
Appendix A -
Notification
and Sections
8.1.2 and 10.2
10632(b) Analyze and define water features that are artificially
supplied with water, including ponds, lakes, waterfalls, and
fountains, separately from swimming pools and spas.
Water
Shortage
Contingency
Planning
Section
8.11
Section 8.3.1
10620(f) Describe water management tools and options to maximize
resources and minimize the need to import water from other
regions.
Water Supply
Reliability
Assessment
Section
7.2.4
Section 7.3
10634 Provide information on the quality of existing sources of
water available to the supplier and the manner in which
water quality affects water management strategies and
supply reliability
Water Supply
Reliability
Assessment
Chapter 7.2 Section 7.1
10635(a) Assess the water supply reliability during normal, dry, and
multiple dry water years by comparing the total water
supply sources available to the water supplier with the total
projected water use over the next 20 years.
Water Supply
Reliability
Assessment
Section 7.3 Section 7.3
10635(b) Provide a drought risk assessment as part of information
considered in developing the demand management
measures and water supply projects.
Water Supply
Reliability
Assessment
Section 7.3 Section 7.4
10635(b)(1) Include a description of the data, methodology, and basis
for one or more supply shortage conditions that are
necessary to conduct a drought risk assessment for a
drought period that lasts 5 consecutive years.
Water Supply
Reliability
Assessment
Section 7.3 Section 7.4.1
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 161 of 652
Page 13 of 13
Water Code
Section
Summary as Applies to UWMP Subject 2020
Guidebook
Location
2020 UWMP
Location
10635(b)(2) Include a determination of the reliability of each source of
supply under a variety of water shortage conditions.
Water Supply
Reliability
Assessment
Section 7.3 Section 7.4.2
10635(b)(3) Include a comparison of the total water supply sources
available to the water supplier with the total projected water
use for the drought period.
Water Supply
Reliability
Assessment
Section 7.3 Section 7.4
10635(b)(4) Include considerations of the historical drought hydrology,
plausible changes on projected supplies and demands
under climate change condition, anticipated regulatory
changes, and other locally applicable criteria.
Water Supply
Reliability
Assessment
Section 7.3 Section 7.4
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 162 of 652
Appendix D – UWMP Required Tables
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 163 of 652
Public Water System
Number
Public Water System
Name
Number of Municipal
Connections 2020
Volume of
Water Supplied
2020 *
CA3710005 Carlsbad Municipal
Water District 29,440 13,929
29,440 13,929
Submittal Table 2-1 Retail Only: Public Water Systems
NOTES: This table only reflects potable water connections and deliveries. CMWD’s recycled
TOTAL
Add additional rows as needed
* Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in
Table 2-3.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 164 of 652
Water Supplier is also a member
of a RUWMP
Water Supplier is also a member
of a Regional Alliance
Regional Urban Water Management Plan
(RUWMP)
Submittal Table 2-2: Plan Identification
NOTES: CMWD is a member agency of the San Diego County Water Authority.
Individual UWMP
Name of RUWMP or Regional Alliance
if applicable
(select from drop down list)
Select
Only One Type of Plan
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 165 of 652
Supplier is a wholesaler
Supplier is a retailer
UWMP Tables are in calendar years
UWMP Tables are in fiscal years
Unit AF
NOTES:
Submittal Table 2-3: Supplier Identification
Type of Supplier (select one or both)
Fiscal or Calendar Year (select one)
If using fiscal years provide month and date that the fiscal
year begins (mm/dd)
Units of measure used in UWMP * (select
from drop down)
* Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent
throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 166 of 652
Submittal Table 2-4 Retail: Water Supplier Information Exchange
The retail Supplier has informed the following wholesale supplier(s) of projected
water use in accordance with Water Code Section 10631.
Wholesale Water Supplier Name
Add additional rows as needed
San Diego County Water Authority
NOTES:
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 167 of 652
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045(opt)
91,694 96,371 98,359 98,760 99,119 100,809
Submittal Table 3-1 Retail: Population - Current and Projected
Population
Served
NOTES: Projections used 2018 ACS 5-year estimate data (77.9% of City of Carlsbad
population) and 2020-2045 projections from SANDAG Interim Series 14 for CMWD service
area. Population was adjusted up to account for additional planned development approved
from November 2017 to May 2020, which was not included in Interim Series 14.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 168 of 652
Use Type
Drop down list
May select each use multiple times
These are the only Use Types that will be
recognized by the WUEdata online
submittal tool
Additional Description
(as needed)
Level of Treatment
When Delivered
Drop down list
Volume2
Single Family includes SF w/fire protection Drinking Water 7,694
Multi-Family includes duplex Drinking Water 1,752
Commercial Drinking Water 2,066
Industrial Drinking Water 19
Institutional/Governmental Drinking Water 102
Agricultural irrigation includes agriculture w/house Drinking Water 163
Landscape Drinking Water 1,530
Landscape
Recycled water demands may
include agricultural, commercial,
irrigation, and industrial
customers. Includes temporary
recycled water meters.
Other Non-Potable
Water 3,764
Losses Drinking Water 605
17,693
Submittal Table 4-1 Retail: Demands for Potable and Non-Potable1 Water - Actual
2020 Actual
NOTES: CMWD does not serve raw water to customers; all non-recycled water is potable. Actual potable water
demands are based on CMWD’s 2020 billing data and the AWWA water loss audit (refer to Appendix F for the
complete audit). The AWWA water loss audit was completed for FY2020 as the most recent water loss data
available, while billing data are reported in calendar year. CMWD’s temporary potable meters billing category
was incorporated into the Single Family use type, while the fire protection billing category was incorporated
into the Institutional/Governmental use type for consistency with demand projection categories for 2025
through 2045. Non-potable landscape represents recycled water demands, which may include agricultural,
commercial, irrigation, and industrial customers. Recycled water demands also includes temporary recycled
water meters.
TOTAL
Add additional rows as needed
1 Recycled water demands are NOT reported in this table. Recycled water demands are reported in Table 6-4. 2
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 169 of 652
Use Type
Drop down list
May select each use multiple times
These are the only Use Types that will be
recognized by the WUEdata online
submittal tool
Additional Description
(as needed)
Level of Treatment
When Delivered
Drop down list
Volume*
Single Family includes SF w/fire protection Drinking Water 7,694
Multi-Family includes duplex Drinking Water 1,752
Commercial Drinking Water 2,066
Industrial Drinking Water 19
Institutional/Governmental Drinking Water 102
Agricultural irrigation includes agriculture w/house Drinking Water 163
Landscape Drinking Water 1,530
Losses Drinking Water 605
13,929
2020 Actual
TOTAL
NOTES: See 4-1.
Add additional rows as needed
OPTIONAL Table 4-1 Retail: Demands for Potable Water - Actual
* Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 170 of 652
Use Type
Drop down list
May select each use multiple times
These are the only Use Types that will be
recognized by the WUEdata online
submittal tool
Additional Description
(as needed)
Level of Treatment
When Delivered
Drop down list
Volume2
Landscape
Recycled water demands may
include agricultural,
commercial, irrigation, and
industrial customers. Includes
temporary recycled water
meters.
Other Non-Potable
Water 3,764
3,764TOTAL
NOTES: See 4-1.
1 Recycled water demands are NOT reported in this table. Recycled water demands are reported in Table 6-4.
2 Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3.
OPTIONAL Table 4-1 Retail: Demands for Non-Potable 1 Water - Actual
2020 Actual
Add additional rows as needed
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 171 of 652
Use Type
Drop down list
May select each use multiple times
These are the only Use Types that will be recognized by the
WUEdata online submittal tool
2025 2030 2035 2040
2045
(opt)
Single Family 8,351 8,538 8,766 8,993 9,268
Multi-Family 1,878 1,920 1,971 2,022 2,084
Commercial 2,887 2,952 3,031 3,109 3,205
Industrial 49 50 51 52 54
Institutional/Governmental 150 154 158 162 167
Agricultural irrigation 182 173 164 160 154
Landscape 1,905 1,948 2,000 2,051 2,114
Landscape recycled water use 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
Losses 900 921 945 970 999
20,520 20,873 21,304 21,737 22,263
Projected Water Use2
Report To the Extent that Records are Available
Submittal Table 4-2 Retail: Use for Potable and Non-Potable1 Water - Projected
Additional Description
(as needed)
NOTES: All non-recycled water is potable. Institutional use includes public buildings, schools, and fire protection. Single Family includes single
family, low density single family, and temporary potable meters. Water loss was calculated as 6% of total demand based on five-year average
(2016-2020) of AWWA water audits for CMWD's potable system. Some differences may occur due to rounding.
TOTAL
Add additional rows as needed
1 Recycled water demands are NOT reported in this table. Recycled water demands are reported in Table 6-4. 2 Units of
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 172 of 652
Use Type
Drop down list
May select each use multiple times
These are the only Use Types that will be recognized
by the WUEdata online submittal tool
2025 2030 2035 2040
2045
(opt)
Single Family 8,351 8,538 8,766 8,993 9,268
Multi-Family 1,878 1,920 1,971 2,022 2,084
Commercial 2,887 2,952 3,031 3,109 3,205
Industrial 49 50 51 52 54
Institutional/Governmental 150 154 158 162 167
Agricultural irrigation 182 173 164 160 154
Landscape 1,905 1,948 2,000 2,051 2,114
Losses 900 921 945 970 999
16,302 16,655 17,086 17,519 18,045
OPTIONAL Table 4-2 Retail: Use for Potable Water - Projected
Additional
Description
(as needed)
Projected Water Use *
Report To the Extent that Records are Available
NOTES:See Table 4-2
TOTAL
Add additional rows as needed
* Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 173 of 652
Use Type
Drop down list
May select each use multiple times
These are the only Use Types that will be
recognized by the WUEdata online
submittal tool
2025 2030 2035 2040
2045
(opt)
Landscape recycled water use 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
OPTIONAL Table 4-2 Retail: Use for Non-Potable1 Water - Projected
Additional Description
(as needed)
Projected Water Use2
Report To the Extent that Records are Available
TOTAL
NOTES: See Table 4-2
Add additional rows as needed
1 Recycled water demands are NOT reported in this table. Recycled water demands are reported in Table 6-4.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 174 of 652
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 (opt)
Potable Water, Raw, Other
Non-potable
From Tables 4-1R and 4-2 R
13,929 16,302 16,655 17,086 17,519 18,045
Recycled Water Demand1
From Table 6-4 3,764 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
Optional Deduction of
Recycled Water Put Into Long-
Term Storage2
TOTAL WATER USE 17,693 20,520 20,873 21,304 21,737 22,263
Submittal Table 4-3 Retail: Total Water Use (Potable and Non-Potable)
NOTES: Recycled Water Demands are discussed in Section 6 System Supplies .
1 Recycled water demand fields will be blank until Table 6-4 is complete 2
Long term storage means water placed into groundwater or surface storage that is not removed from
storage in the same year. Supplier may deduct recycled water placed in long-term storage from their
reported demand. This value is manually entered into Table 4-3.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 175 of 652
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040
2045
(opt)
Potable Water
From Tables 4-1R and 4-2 R 13,929 16,302 16,655 17,086 17,519 18,045
TOTAL WATER USE 13,929 16,302 16,655 17,086 17,519 18,045
NOTES: Recycled Water Demands are discussed in Section 6 System Supplies .
OPTIONAL Table 4-3 Retail: Total Water Use (Potable)
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 176 of 652
2020 2025 2030 2035 2040
2045
(opt)
Recycled Water Demand1 From
Table 6-4 3,764 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
Raw and Other Non-potable
From Tables 4-1R and 4-2 R 0 0 0 0 0 0
Optional Deduction of Recycled
Water Put Into Long-Term
Storage2
TOTAL WATER USE 3,764 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
OPTIONAL Table 4-3 Retail: Total Water Use (Non-Potable)
1 Recycled water demand fields will be blank until Table 6-4 is complete 2
Long term storage means water placed into groundwater or surface storage that is not removed from
storage in the same year. Supplier may deduct recycled water placed in long-term storage from their
reported demand. This value is manually entered into Table 4-3.
NOTES: Recycled Water Demands are discussed in Section 6 System Supplies .
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 177 of 652
Reporting Period Start Date
(mm/yyyy) Volume of Water Loss 1,2
07/2014 765
01/2016 905
01/2017 1305
01/2018 672
01/2019 605
Submittal Table 4-4 Retail: Last Five Years of Water Loss
Audit Reporting
NOTES:
1 Taken from the field "Water Losses" (a combination of apparent losses
and real losses) from the AWWA worksheet. 2
Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the
UWMP as reported in Table 2-3.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 178 of 652
Are Future Water Savings Included in Projections?
(Refer to Appendix K of UWMP Guidebook)
Drop down list (y/n) Yes
If "Yes" to above, state the section or page number, in the cell to the right,
where citations of the codes, ordinances, or otherwise are utilized in
demand projections are found.
Sections 4.1.5
and 5.2
Are Lower Income Residential Demands Included In Projections?
Drop down list (y/n)Yes
Submittal Table 4-5 Retail Only: Inclusion in Water Use Projections
NOTES:
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 179 of 652
10-15
year 1999 2008 259
5 Year 2003 2007 255
Submittal Table 5-1 Baselines and Targets Summary
From SB X7-7 Verification Form
Retail Supplier or Regional Alliance Only
*All cells in this table should be populated manually from the supplier's SBX7-7
Verification Form and reported in Gallons per Capita per Day (GPCD)
NOTES: CMWD selected a 10-year baseline period
207
Baseline
Period Start Year * End Year *
Average
Baseline
GPCD*
Confirmed
2020 Target*
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 180 of 652
Actual
2020 GPCD*
2020 TOTAL
Adjustments*
Adjusted 2020
GPCD*
(Adjusted if
applicable)
134 0 134 207 Yes
NOTES: No adjustments were made to CMWD’s 2020 GPCD.
2020 Confirmed
Target GPCD*
Did Supplier
Achieve
Targeted
Reduction for
2020? Y/N
2020 GPCD
Submittal Table 5-2: 2020 Compliance
From SB X7-7 2020 Compliance Form
Retail Supplier or Regional Alliance Only
*All cells in this table should be populated manually from the supplier's SBX7-7 2020
Compliance Form and reported in Gallons per Capita per Day (GPCD)
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 181 of 652
Groundwater Type
Drop Down List
May use each category
multiple times
Location or Basin Name 2016* 2017* 2018* 2019* 2020*
0 0 0 0 0
Add additional rows as needed
Submittal Table 6-1 Retail: Groundwater Volume Pumped
Supplier does not pump groundwater.
The supplier will not complete the table below.
NOTES:
TOTAL
All or part of the groundwater described below is desalinated.
* Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 182 of 652
100%100%Name of Wastewater Collection AgencyWastewater Volume Metered or Estimated?Drop Down ListVolume of Wastewater Collected from UWMP Service Area 2020 * Name of Wastewater Treatment Agency Receiving Collected Wastewater Treatment Plant NameIs WWTP Located Within UWMP Area?Drop Down ListIs WWTP Operation Contracted to a Third Party? (optional) Drop Down ListCity of Carlsbad Metered 7,128Encina Wastewater AuthorityEncina Pollution Control FacilityYes YesLeucadia Wastewater DistrictEstimated 744Encina Wastewater AuthorityEncina Pollution Control FacilityYes YesVallecitos Water DistrictEstimated 20Encina Wastewater AuthorityEncina Pollution Control FacilityYes Yes7,892Total Wastewater Collected from Service Area in 2020:NOTES: Wastewater flows are reported for Fiscal Year 2020, ending June 30, 2020. In 2015, CMWD estimated that total wastewater flows within its service area are 5-10% higher than those collected by the City of Carlsbad due to LWWD providing sewer collection service to a portion of CMWD's service area (refer to Figure 3-4). The 744 AF was reported by Leucadia for last FY. The Encina Pollution Control Facility is owned and operated by the Encina Wastewater Authority, a joint powers authority that is owned by six agencies, including City of Carlsbad and Leucadia Wastewater District. Vallecitos collects wastewater for 80 homes in the CMWD service area. The agreement estimates that Vallecitos collects 220 gallons per day of wastewater from each home.* Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3.Submittal Table 6-2 Retail: Wastewater Collected Within Service Area in 2020There is no wastewater collection system. The supplier will not complete the table below.Percentage of 2020 service area covered by wastewater collection system (optional)Percentage of 2020 service area population covered by wastewater collection system (optional)Wastewater CollectionRecipient of Collected WastewaterJune 8, 2021Item #12 Page 183 of 652
Wastewater TreatedDischarged Treated WastewaterRecycled Within Service Area Recycled Outside of Service AreaInstream Flow Permit RequirementEncina Water Pollution Control FacilityEncina Ocean OutfallPacific OceanOcean outfall YesSecondary, Undisinfected26,947 25,97000n/aEncina Water Pollution Control FacilityCarlsbad Water Recycling FacilityCarlsbad Water Recycling FacilityOtherYes Tertiary002,1180n/aEncina Water Pollution Control FacilityGafner WWTP Gafner WWTPOtherYes Tertiary001930n/aMeadowlark WRF CMWDCMWD CustomersOtherYesTertiary1,760 114 1,646 728n/aTotal28,707 26,083 3,957 72801 Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3. 2 If the Wastewater Discharge ID Number is not available to the UWMP preparer, access the SWRCB CIWQS regulated facility website at https://ciwqs.waterboards.ca.gov/ciwqs/readOnly/CiwqsReportServlet?inCommand=reset&reportName=RegulatedFacility Submittal Table 6-3 Retail: Wastewater Treatment and Discharge Within Service Area in 2020No wastewater is treated or disposed of within the UWMP service area. The supplier will not complete the table below.Wastewater Treatment Plant NameDischarge Location Name or IdentifierDischarge Location DescriptionWastewater Discharge ID Number (optional) 2Method of DisposalDrop down listDoes This Plant Treat Wastewater Generated Outside the Service Area? Drop down listTreatment LevelDrop down list2020 volumes 1June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 184 of 652
Potential Beneficial Uses of Recycled Water (Describe)Amount of Potential Uses of Recycled Water (Quantity) Include volume units1General Description of 2020 UsesLevel of TreatmentDrop down list2020 12025 120301203512040120451 (opt)Tertiary Commercial property irrigation, community facilities, highways, HOAs, resort property irrigation, parks, and schoolsCommercial property irrigation, community facilities, highways, HOAs, resort property irrigation, parks, and schoolsTertiary 2,996 3,493 3,493 3,493 3,493 3,493Golf course irrigationGolf course irrigation Tertiary 725 725 725 725 725 725CoolingCoolingTertiary0 0 0 0 0 0NRG Power PlantNRG Power PlantTertiary43 0 0 0 0 0Public works projectsPublic works projects0 0 0 0 0 0Total:3,764 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218NOTES: CMWD does not track recycled water sales for agricultural irrigation purposes; some of the landscape irrigation may capture recycled water used for this purpose. Recycled water for golf course irrigation use declined between 2015 and 2020 due to the adoption of conservation practices in 2016-2018 in response to the drought, followed by a wet hydrologic year which depressed irrigation needs. The NRG power plant is currently being decommissioned. Recycled water for commercial cooling use was projected to be 62 AFY in the 2015 UWMP; however, this is no longer expected as of 2020.0 AFYN/AAgricultural irrigationLandscape irrigation (exc golf courses)Commercial useGolf course irrigationSupplemental Water Added in 2020 (volume) Include unitsSource of 2020 Supplemental WaterBeneficial Use Type Insert additional rows if needed. Geothermal and other energy production Other (Description Required)2020 Internal Reuse 1 Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3. Reservoir water augmentation (IPR) Direct potable reuseSubmittal Table 6-4 Retail: Recycled Water Direct Beneficial Uses Within Service AreaRecycled water is not used and is not planned for use within the service area of the supplier.The supplier will not complete the table below.Name of Supplier Producing (Treating) the Recycled Water:Name of Supplier Operating the Recycled Water Distribution System:Carlsbad Municipal Water District, Vallecitos Water District, Leucadia Wastewater DistrictCarlsbad Municipal Water District, Leucadia Wastewater DistrictWetlands or wildlife habitatGroundwater recharge (IPR)Industrial useSeawater intrusion barrierRecreational impoundmentJune 8, 2021Item #12 Page 185 of 652
2015 Projection for
2020 1 2020 Actual Use1
23
3,705 2,996
1,033 725
62 0
215 43
40 0
5,078 3,764
Submittal Table 6-5 Retail: 2015 UWMP Recycled Water Use Projection Compared to 2020
Actual
Recycled water was not used in 2015 nor projected for use in 2020.
The supplier will not complete the table below. If recycled water was not used in
2020, and was not predicted to be in 2015, then check the box and do not complete the
table.
Beneficial Use Type
Agricultural irrigation
Reservoir water augmentation (IPR)
Landscape irrigation (exc golf courses)
Insert additional rows as needed.
Golf course irrigation1
Commercial use
Industrial use
Geothermal and other energy production
Seawater intrusion barrier
Recreational impoundment
Wetlands or wildlife habitat
Groundwater recharge (IPR)
Total
Other (Public Works Projects)
Direct potable reuse
NOTES: 1. Use of recycled water for golf course irrigation decreased between 2015 to 2020 because of
water conservation measures implemented in 2016 to 2018 in response to the drought, followed by wet
years in which the demand for recycled water for irrigation was depressed.
1 Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 186 of 652
N/A
Name of Action Description
Planned
Implementation
Year
Expected Increase in
Recycled Water Use *
Rate Controls Maintain recycled water rates below
potable water rates On-going
Mandatory Use
Ordinance
Requires dual plumbing in new
development and use of recycled water if
available
1990
Public Outreach
On-going Outreach and education efforts
as part of NSDWRC to educate public on
benefits, safety, and proper use of various
types of recycled water
On-going
Phase III Recycled
Water Project –
Segment 5
Expand recycled water system to meet
identified demands 2022 188
188
NOTES: The actions included in this table all support increased recycled water use made available and accessible
through the Phase III Recycled Water Project.
Submittal Table 6-6 Retail: Methods to Expand Future Recycled Water Use
Supplier does not plan to expand recycled water use in the future. Supplier will not
complete the table below but will provide narrative explanation.
Provide page location of narrative in UWMP
Add additional rows as needed
Total
*Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 187 of 652
Drop Down List (y/n)If Yes, Supplier NamePhase III Recycled Water Project- Long-term demandsNoExpansion of recycled water distribution system2035 Average YearUnknownGroundwater SupplyNoDevelopment of groundwater supplies--Average Year Unknown at this timeNSDWRC Regional ProjectYesLeucadia, Vallecitos,City of Oceanside, City of Escondido, Olivenhain MWD, Rincon del Diablo MWD, San Elijo joint Powers, Santa Fe Irrigation District, and Vista Irrigation DistrictRegional recycled water project2035 Average YearSupports Phase III Recycled water projectCarlsbad 5 Flow Control Facility and Pressure Reducing Station YesSDCWADevelopment of a direct connection to the desalinated seawater pipeline-- Average YearAdditional 5.21% of any desalinated seawater produced beyond the 48,000 AFY minimum volume produced for SDCWANo expected future water supply projects or programs that provide a quantifiable increase to the agency's water supply. Supplier will not complete the table below.Some or all of the supplier's future water supply projects or programs are not compatible with this table and are described in a narrative format. Submittal Table 6-7 Retail: Expected Future Water Supply Projects or ProgramsJoint Project with other suppliers?NOTES: Name of Future Projects or ProgramsDescription(if needed)Planned Implementation YearExpected Increase in Water Supply to Supplier*This may be a rangePlanned for Use in Year TypeDrop Down ListProvide page location of narrative in the UWMP*Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3. June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 188 of 652
Water Supply
Drop down list
May use each category multiple
times. These are the only water
supply categories that will be
recognized by the WUEdata online
submittal tool
Actual Volume*Water Quality
Drop Down List
Total Right or Safe
Yield* (optional)
Purchased or Imported Water Purchased from SDCWA 11,429 Drinking Water 11,429
Purchased or Imported Water
Local Desalinated Water
Purchased from SDCWA
via 2016 Agreement
2,500 Drinking Water 2,500
Recycled Water Carlsbad WRF 2,118 Recycled Water 7,839
Recycled Water Meadowlark WRF 1,646 Recycled Water 2,989
17,693 24,757
Submittal Table 6-8 Retail: Water Supplies — Actual
Additional Detail on
Water Supply
2020
NOTES:
Add additional rows as needed
Total
*Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 189 of 652
Neither groundwater nor surface water are reduced in salinity prior to distribution.2016 2017 2018 2019 2020Carlsbad Desalination Plant56000open-water intake (screened or unscreened)sea water .015 ntu Brine Line 1250 2500 2500 2500 250012502500250025002500Notes: CMWD purchases ocean desalinated water blended with non-desal water from its wholesaler, SDCWA.TotalOPTIONAL Table 6-8ds: Source Water DesalinationPlant Name or Well ID Plant Capacity Intake TypeSource Water Type Influent TDSBrine DischargeVolume of Water Desalinated *Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3. Drop down listDrop down listDrop down listJune 8, 2021Item #12 Page 190 of 652
Water Supply Reasonably Available VolumeTotal Right or Safe Yield (optional) Reasonably Available VolumeTotal Right or Safe Yield (optional) Reasonably Available VolumeTotal Right or Safe Yield (optional) Reasonably Available VolumeTotal Right or Safe Yield (optional) Reasonably Available VolumeTotal Right or Safe Yield (optional) Purchased or Imported Water SDCWA13,802 13,802 14,155 14,155 14,586 14,586 15,019 15,019 15,545 15,545Recycled Water Carlsbad WRF2,318 7,839 2,318 7,839 2,318 7,839 2,318 7,839 2,318 7,839Recycled Water Meadowlark WRF1,900 2,989 1,900 2,989 1,900 2,989 1,900 2,989 1,900 2,989Desalinated Water - Surface WaterCarlsbad Desal Plant (Purchased unders SDCWA)2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,50020,520 27,130 20,873 27,483 21,304 27,914 21,737 28,347 22,263 28,873NOTESSubmittal Table 6-9 Retail: Water Supplies — ProjectedAdditional Detail on Water SupplyProjected Water Supply *Report To the Extent Practicable20252030203520402045 (opt)TotalDrop down listMay use each category multiple times. These are the only water supply categories that will be recognized by the WUEdata online submittal tool Add additional rows as needed*Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3. June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 191 of 652
Water Supply Reasonably Available VolumeTotal Right or Safe Yield (optional) Reasonably Available VolumeTotal Right or Safe Yield (optional) Reasonably Available VolumeTotal Right or Safe Yield (optional) Reasonably Available VolumeTotal Right or Safe Yield (optional) Reasonably Available VolumeTotal Right or Safe Yield (optional) Purchased or Imported Water SDCWA13,802 13,802 14,155 14,155 14,586 14,586 15,019 15,019 15,545 15,545Desalinated Water - Surface WaterCarlsbad Desal Plant (Purchased unders SDCWA)2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,500 2,50016,302 16,302 16,655 16,655 17,086 17,086 17,519 17,519 18,045 18,045OPTIONAL Table 6-9 Retail: Water Supplies — Projected PotableAdditional Detail on Water SupplyProjected Water Supply *Report To the Extent PracticableAdd additional rows as neededTotalNOTES: Drop down listMay use each category multiple times. These are the only water supply categories that will be recognized by the WUEdata online submittal tool 2025203020352040*Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3. 2045 (opt)June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 192 of 652
Water Supply Reasonably Available VolumeTotal Right or Safe Yield (optional) Reasonably Available VolumeTotal Right or Safe Yield (optional) Reasonably Available VolumeTotal Right or Safe Yield (optional) Reasonably Available VolumeTotal Right or Safe Yield (optional) Reasonably Available VolumeTotal Right or Safe Yield (optional) Recycled Water Carlsbad WRF2,318 7,839 2,318 7,839 2,318 7,839 2,318 7,839 2,318 7,839Recycled Water Meadowlark WRF1,900 2,989 1,900 2,989 1,900 2,989 1,900 2,989 1,900 2,9894,218 10,828 4,218 10,828 4,218 10,828 4,218 10,828 4,218 10,828NOTES:*Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3. OPTIONAL Table 6-9 Retail: Water Supplies — Projected Non-PotableAdditional Detail on Water SupplyProjected Water Supply* Report To the Extent PracticableDrop down listMay use each category multiple times. These are the only water supply categories that will be recognized by the WUEdata online submittal tool 20252030203520402045 (opt)Add additional rows as neededTotalJune 8, 2021Item #12 Page 193 of 652
% of Average Supply
Average Year 1986-2018 100%
Single-Dry Year 2015 107%
Consecutive Dry Years 1st Year 2011 107%
Consecutive Dry Years 2nd Year 2012 108%
Consecutive Dry Years 3rd Year 2013 108%
Consecutive Dry Years 4th Year 2014 109%
Consecutive Dry Years 5th Year 2015 109%
22909
22805
22991
Submittal Table 7-1 Retail: Basis of Water Year Data (Reliability Assessment)
Year Type
Base Year
If not using a calendar
year, type in the last
year of the fiscal,
water year, or range
of years, for example,
water year 2019-
2020, use 2020
Available Supplies if
Year Type Repeats
Quantification of available supplies is not
compatible with this table and is provided
elsewhere in the UWMP. Location
__________________________
Quantification of available supplies is provided in
this table as either volume only, percent only, or
both.
Volume Available *
23075
23159
23236
NOTES: CMWD selected base years that aligned with SDCWA’s 2020 UWMP supply reliability assessment.
SDCWA supplies are expected to be reliable through all years of a multiple year drought, with additional
carryover supplies available in extended dry periods. As presented here, “% of Average Supply” indicates
percent supply available to meet both potable and non-potable demands due to diversification and/or
carryover storage.
Supplier may use multiple versions of Table 7-1 if different water sources have different base years and the
supplier chooses to report the base years for each water source separately. If a Supplier uses multiple versions
of Table 7-1, in the "Note" section of each table, state that multiple versions of Table 7-1 are being used and
identify the particular water source that is being reported in each table.
*Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG ) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3.
21339
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 194 of 652
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 (Opt)
Supply totals
(autofill from Table 6-9)20,520 20,873 21,304 21,737 22,263
Demand totals
(autofill from Table 4-3)20,520 20,873 21,304 21,737 22,263
Difference 0 0 0 0 0
Submittal Table 7-2 Retail: Normal Year Supply and Demand Comparison
NOTES:
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 195 of 652
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 (Opt)
Supply totals
(autofill from Table 6-9)16,302 16,655 17,086 17,519 18,045
Demand totals
(autofill from Table 4-3)16,302 16,655 17,086 17,519 18,045
Difference 0 0 0 0 0
OPTIONAL Table 7-2 Retail: Normal Year Supply and Demand Comparison - Potable
NOTES:
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 196 of 652
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 (Opt)
Supply totals
(autofill from Table 6-9)4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
Demand totals
(autofill from Table 4-3)4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218 4,218
Difference 0 0 0 0 0
OPTIONAL Table 7-2 Retail: Normal Year Supply and Demand Comparison -
NonPotable
NOTES:
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 197 of 652
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 (Opt)Supply totals* 21,929 22,307 22,767 23,230 23,792Demand totals* 21,929 22,307 22,767 23,230 23,792Difference 0 0 0 0 0 Submittal Table 7-3 Retail: Single Dry Year Supply and Demand ComparisonNOTES:*Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3. June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 198 of 652
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 (Opt)Supply totals* 17,422 17,799 18,259 18,722 19,284Demand totals* 17,422 17,799 18,259 18,722 19,284Difference 0 0 0 0 0 OPTIONAL Table 7-3 Retail: Single Dry Year Supply and Demand Comparison - PotableNOTES:*Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3. June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 199 of 652
2025 2030 2035 2040 2045 (Opt)Supply totals* 4,508 4,508 4,508 4,508 4,508Demand totals* 4,508 4,508 4,508 4,508 4,508Difference 0 0 0 0 0 NOTES:OPTIONAL Table 7-3 Retail: Single Dry Year Supply and Demand Comparison - Non-Potable*Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3. June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 200 of 652
2025* 2030* 2035* 2040* 2045* (Opt)Supply totals 22,030 22,409 22,871 23,336 23,901Demand totals 22,030 22,409 22,871 23,336 23,901Difference 0 0 0 0 0 Supply totals 22,108 22,489 22,953 23,420 23,986Demand totals 22,108 22,489 22,953 23,420 23,986Difference 0 0 0 0 0 Supply totals 22,189 22,570 23,036 23,505 24,073Demand totals 22,189 22,570 23,036 23,505 24,073Difference 0 0 0 0 0 Supply totals 22,270 22,653 23,121 23,591 24,162Demand totals 22,270 22,653 23,121 23,591 24,162Difference 0 0 0 0 0 Supply totals 22,344 22,728 23,198 23,669 24,242Demand totals 22,344 22,728 23,198 23,669 24,242Difference 0 0 0 0 0 Supply totalsDemand totalsDifference 0 0 0 0 0 Submittal Table 7-4 Retail: Multiple Dry Years Supply and Demand ComparisonFirst year Second year Third year NOTES:Fourth year Fifth year Sixth year (optional)*Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3. June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 201 of 652
2020* 2025* 2030* 2035* 2040* (Opt)Supply totals 17,501 17,880 18,343 18,808 19,372Demand totals 17,501 17,880 18,343 18,808 19,372Difference 0 0 0 0 0 Supply totals 17,564 17,944 18,409 18,875 19,442Demand totals 17,564 17,944 18,409 18,875 19,442Difference 0 0 0 0 0 Supply totals 17,628 18,009 18,475 18,944 19,512Demand totals 17,628 18,009 18,475 18,944 19,512Difference 0 0 0 0 0 Supply totals 17,692 18,075 18,543 19,013 19,584Demand totals 17,692 18,075 18,543 19,013 19,584Difference 0 0 0 0 0 Supply totals 17,751 18,135 18,605 19,076 19,649Demand totals 17,751 18,135 18,605 19,076 19,649Difference 0 0 0 0 0 Supply totalsDemand totalsDifference 0 0 0 0 0 Fifth year Sixth year (optional)NOTES:Fourth year *Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3. OPTIONAL Table 7-4 Retail: Multiple Dry Years Supply and Demand Comparison - PotableFirst year Second year Third year June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 202 of 652
2020* 2025* 2030* 2035* 2040* (Opt)Supply totals 4,528 4,528 4,528 4,528 4,528Demand totals 4,528 4,528 4,528 4,528 4,528Difference 0 0 0 0 0 Supply totals 4,545 4,545 4,545 4,545 4,545Demand totals 4,545 4,545 4,545 4,545 4,545Difference 0 0 0 0 0 Supply totals 4,561 4,561 4,561 4,561 4,561Demand totals 4,561 4,561 4,561 4,561 4,561Difference 0 0 0 0 0 Supply totals 4,578 4,578 4,578 4,578 4,578Demand totals 4,578 4,578 4,578 4,578 4,578Difference 0 0 0 0 0 Supply totals 4,593 4,593 4,593 4,593 4,593Demand totals 4,593 4,593 4,593 4,593 4,593Difference 0 0 0 0 0 Supply totalsDemand totalsDifference 0 0 0 0 0 Sixth year (optional)NOTES:Fourth year Fifth year *Units of measure (AF, CCF, MG) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP as reported in Table 2-3. OPTIONAL Table 7-4 Retail: Multiple Dry Years Supply and Demand Comparison - Non-PotableFirst year Second year Third year June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 203 of 652
2021Total2021Total2021TotalTotal Water Use 19,108Total Water Use - Potable15,344Total Water Use - Non-potable 3,764Total Supplies 19,108Total Supplies - Potable 15,344Total Supplies - Non-potable 3,764Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action0Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action0Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action0WSCP - supply augmentation benefitWSCP - supply augmentation benefitWSCP - supply augmentation benefitWSCP - use reduction savings benefitWSCP - use reduction savings benefitWSCP - use reduction savings benefitRevised Surplus/(shortfall)0Revised Surplus/(shortfall)0Revised Surplus/(shortfall)0Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action0%Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action0%Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action0%2022Total2022Total2022TotalTotal Water Use 19,816Total Water Use [Use Worksheet]16,052Total Water Use - Non-potable 3,764Total Supplies 19,816Total Supplies [Supply Worksheet]16,052Total Supplies - Non-potable 3,764Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action0Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action0Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action0WSCP - supply augmentation benefitWSCP - supply augmentation benefitWSCP - supply augmentation benefitWSCP - use reduction savings benefitWSCP - use reduction savings benefitWSCP - use reduction savings benefitRevised Surplus/(shortfall)0Revised Surplus/(shortfall)0Revised Surplus/(shortfall)0Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action0%Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action0%Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action0%2023Total2023Total2023TotalTotal Water Use 20,524Total Water Use [Use Worksheet]16,306Total Water Use [Use Worksheet]4,218Total Supplies 20,524Total Supplies [Supply Worksheet]16,306Total Supplies - Non-potable 4,218Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action0Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action0Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action0WSCP - supply augmentation benefitWSCP - supply augmentation benefitWSCP - supply augmentation benefitWSCP - use reduction savings benefitWSCP - use reduction savings benefitWSCP - use reduction savings benefitRevised Surplus/(shortfall)0Revised Surplus/(shortfall)0Revised Surplus/(shortfall)0Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action0%Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action0%Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action0%2024Total2024Total2024TotalTotal Water Use 21,231Total Water Use [Use Worksheet]17,013Total Water Use - Non-potable 4,218Total Supplies 21,231Total Supplies [Supply Worksheet]17,013Total Supplies - Non-potable 4,218Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action0Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action0Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action0WSCP - supply augmentation benefitWSCP - supply augmentation benefitWSCP - supply augmentation benefitWSCP - use reduction savings benefitWSCP - use reduction savings benefitWSCP - use reduction savings benefitRevised Surplus/(shortfall)0Revised Surplus/(shortfall)Revised Surplus/(shortfall)0Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action0%Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action0%Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action0%2025Total2025Total2025TotalTotal Water Use 22,116Total Water Use [Use Worksheet]17,898Total Water Use - Non-potable 4,218Total Supplies 22,116Total Supplies [Supply Worksheet]17,898Total Supplies - Non-potable 4,218Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action0Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action0Surplus/Shortfall w/o WSCP Action0WSCP - supply augmentation benefitWSCP - supply augmentation benefitWSCP - supply augmentation benefitWSCP - use reduction savings benefitWSCP - use reduction savings benefitWSCP - use reduction savings benefitRevised Surplus/(shortfall)0Revised Surplus/(shortfall)0Revised Surplus/(shortfall)0Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action0%Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action0%Resulting % Use Reduction from WSCP action0%Note: Totals can be entered directly or from the Optional Planning Tool available in a different Excel Workbook, available at wuedata.water.ca.gov under Resources in the UWMP Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)If you choose to fill these optional tables, please paste the combined information in the submittal table to the left.Submittal Table 7-5: Five-Year Drought Risk Assessment Tables to address Water Code Section 10635(b)Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)OPTIONAL Table 7-5 Five-year Drought Risk Assessment Tables to address Water Code Section 10635(b) - Non-PotablePlanned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)OPTIONAL Table 7-5 Five-year Drought Risk Assessment Tables to address Water Code Section 10635(b) - PotablePlanned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)Planned WSCP Actions (use reduction and supply augmentation)June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 204 of 652
Shortage
Level
Percent Shortage
Range
Shortage Response Actions
(Narrative description)
1 Up to 10%
Drought Watch Condition - Reasonable probability that supplies will not
meet demands
2 Up to 20%Drought Watch Condition - Supplies will not be able to meet expected
demands
3 Up to 30% Drought Critical Condition - Supplies not meeting current demands
4 Up to 40% Drought Critical Condition - Supplies not meeting current demands
5 Up to 50%Drought Emergency Condition - Major failure of a supply, shortage, or
distribution system
6 >50%Drought Emergency Condition - Major failure of a supply, shortage, or
distribution system
NOTES: A water shortage above 40% (including a 50% shortage) triggers Level 4 restrictions, which includes
prohibition on outdoor water uses, and provides CMWD the authority to make further restrictions, as
necessary, for non-compliant users, as well as for any CMWD customer should water supplies require.
Submittal Table 8-1
Water Shortage Contingency Plan Levels
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 205 of 652
ShortageLevel Demand Reduction ActionsDrop down listThese are the only categories that will be accepted by the WUEdata online submittal tool. Select those that apply.How much is this going to reduce the shortage gap? Include units used (volume type or percentage)Additional Explanation or Reference(optional)Penalty, Charge, or Other Enforcement? For Retail Suppliers Only Drop Down List1 Landscape - Limit landscape irrigation to specific times 0.90%Irrigate residential and commercial landscape before 10 a.m. and after 6 p.m.No1CII - Other CII restriction or prohibition0.20%Irrigate nursery and commercial grower's products before 10 a.m. and after 6 p.m.No1Other - Customers must repair leaks, breaks, and malfunctions in a timely manner0.90%Repair all water leaks within five days of notification by CMWDNo1Expand Public Information Campaign4.70%CMWD increased public education and outreach efforts to emphasize increased public awareness of the need to implement water conservation practicesNo1Offer rebates on indoor and outdoor water use efficiency, turf replacement4.20%Ongoing programsNo2 Landscape - Limit landscape irrigation to specific days 4.20%Limit residential and commercial landscape irrigation to days assigned by CMWD General ManagerYesSubmittal Table 8-2: Demand Reduction ActionsAdd additional rows as neededJune 8, 2021Item #12 Page 206 of 652
2 Landscape - Other landscape restriction or prohibition 1.80%Limit irrigation using sprinklers to length of time determined by CMWD General ManagerYes2Other - Customers must repair leaks, breaks, and malfunctions in a timely manner0.90%Repair all water leaks within seventy-two hours of notification by CMWDYes2Water Features - Restrict water use for decorative water features, such as fountains5.80%Stop operating ornamental fountains unless recycled water is usedYes3 Landscape - Limit landscape irrigation to specific days 8.30%Limit residential and commercial landscape irrigation to days assigned by CMWD General ManagerYes3 Landscape - Other landscape restriction or prohibition 1.80%Limit irrigation using sprinklers to time limits determined by CMWD General ManagerYes3Water Features - Restrict water use for decorative water features, such as fountains1.10%Stop filing or re-filling ornamental lakes or ponds, except to the extent needed to sustain aquatic lifeYes3Other - Prohibit vehicle washing except at facilities using recycled or recirculating water0.80%Stop washing vehicles except at commercial carwashes that re-circulate water, or by high pressure/low volume wash systemsYesJune 8, 2021Item #12 Page 207 of 652
3Moratorium or Net Zero Demand Increase on New Connections2.80%No new potable water service shall be provided, no new temporary meters or permanent meters shall be provided, and no statements of immediate ability to serve or provide potable water service shall be issued, with the exception of the circumstances listed in the Drought Ordinance.Yes3Other - Customers must repair leaks, breaks, and malfunctions in a timely manner0.90%Repair all water leaks within forty-eight hours of notification by CMWDYes4 Landscape - Prohibit all landscape irrigation 22.20%Stop all landscape irrigation, except crops and landscape products of commercial growers and nurseries, and except for categories specified in the Drought Ordinance (e.g., fire protection, erosion control, rare or essential plants, livestock, environmental mitigation).Yes4Other - Customers must repair leaks, breaks, and malfunctions in a timely manner0.90%Repair all water leaks within twenty-four hours of notification by CMWDYesNOTES: June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 208 of 652
Shortage LevelSupply Augmentation Methods and Other Actions by Water Supplier Drop down list These are the only categories that will be accepted by the WUEdata online submittal tool How much is this going to reduce the shortage gap? Include units used (volume type or percentage)Additional Explanation or Reference (optional)3TransfersFlexible depending on other actions; can adjust to achieve conservation targetCity of Oceanside, Vallecitos Water District, and SDCWA would be a potential source.3 Stored emergency supply 600 AF Maerkle Reservoir holds a maximum 600 AF.3 Other actions (describe) 13%Suspension of consideration of annexations to CMWD service area4 Other actions (describe)Flexible depending on other actions; can adjust to achieve conservation targetEstablish a water allocation for property served by CMWDSubmittal Table 8-3: Supply Augmentation and Other ActionsAdd additional rows as neededNOTES:June 8, 2021Item #12 Page 209 of 652
City Name 60 Day Notice Notice of Public
Hearing
City of Carlsbad Yes Yes
County Name
Drop Down List 60 Day Notice Notice of Public
Hearing
San Diego County Yes Yes
NOTES:
Submittal Table 10-1 Retail: Notification to Cities and
Counties
Add additional rows as needed
Add additional rows as needed
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Appendix E – Climate Change Strategies and Vulnerability
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Appendix 7-D:
San Diego IRWM Climate Change Study
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Climate Change Planning Study
Final
Prepared by:
May 2013
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Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Climate Change in Water Resources .................................................................... 1
1.1 Introduction ............................................................................................................... 1
1.2 Adaptation Relationship ............................................................................................ 1
1.3 Water-Energy Nexus ................................................................................................ 3
1.4 Legislative and Policy Context .................................................................................. 4
1.5 AB 32 Scoping Plan and CARB Strategies ............................................................... 6
1.6 California Climate Action Registry/The Climate Registry ........................................... 7
1.7 Climate Action Plans and Climate Initiatives ............................................................. 7
Chapter 2 Climate Change in IRWM Planning ........................................................................ 8
2.1 DWR Requirements .................................................................................................. 8
2.2 Adaptation and Mitigation Analysis ........................................................................... 9
2.3 San Diego IRWM Region Climate Change Study ................................................... 10
Chapter 3 Effects of Climate Change on Region ................................................................. 11
3.1 Impacts and Effects on Region ............................................................................... 11
3.2 Identification of Vulnerabilities ................................................................................ 12
Chapter 4 Vulnerability Analysis .......................................................................................... 19
4.1 Vulnerability Prioritization Process .......................................................................... 19
4.2 Vulnerability Prioritization Results ........................................................................... 19
Chapter 5 Climate Change Management Strategies ............................................................ 25
5.1 Identification of Strategies ...................................................................................... 25
5.2 Strategy Prioritization ............................................................................................. 26
5.3 Performance Measures/Metrics for Adaptation and Mitigation Strategies ............... 31
Chapter 6 Recommendations ............................................................................................... 32
6.1 Adaptive Management ............................................................................................ 32
6.2 Climate Change Related Objectives and Targets ................................................... 33
6.3 Climate Change in Project Selection Considerations .............................................. 33
References .............................................................................................................................. 35
List of Tables
Table 1: IRWM Plan Standards in Relation to Climate Change .................................................. 9
Table 2: Impacts and Effects of Climate Change on Region......................................................12
Table 3: Climate Change Vulnerability Indicator Questions .......................................................14
Table 4: Prioritized Climate Change Vulnerability Issues ..........................................................19
Table 5: Initial Strategy Prioritization Criteria .............................................................................26
Table 6: Tier 1 Climate Change Management Strategies ..........................................................27
Table 7: Tier 2 Climate Change Management Strategies ..........................................................29
Table 8: Tier 3 Climate Change Management Strategies ..........................................................30
Table 9: Additionally Reviewed Climate Change Management Strategies .................................30
Table 10: Sample Performance Measures/Metrics ....................................................................31
Table 11: Climate Change Project Scoring Criteria ...................................................................34
List of Figures
Figure 1: Climate Change Analysis Process .............................................................................10
Figure 2: Projected 2050 Coastal Inundation with Sea Level Rise in La Jolla ............................21
Figure 3: General Adaptive Management Plan ..........................................................................33
Appendices
Appendix A - Detailed Strategy Prioritization Table
Appendix B - Sample Climate Change Scoring Sheet for Projects
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Acknowledgements
Development of the San Diego IRWM Climate Change Study would not have been possible
without the efforts of the San Diego IRWM Climate Change Workgroup and other
contributors, including:
Tim Bombardier, San Diego County Water Authority
Donna Chralowicz, City of San Diego
Linda Flournoy, Sustainability Consultant and Climate Change Workgroup Chair
Sarah Harvey, Equinox Center
Lauma Jurkevics, California Department of Water Resources, Southern Region
Cheryl Laskowski, AECOM
Peter Livingston, County of San Diego
Anna Lowe, County of San Diego
Fiona Lyons, San Diego County Water Authority
Linda Pratt, City of San Diego
Brendan Reed, City of Chula Vista
Leslie Ryan, New School
Jack Simes, U.S. Bureau of Reclamation
Mark Stadler, San Diego County Water Authority
Ann Tartre, Equinox Center
Goldy Thach, City of San Diego
Kathy Weldon, City of Encinitas
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List of Abbreviations
AB Assembly Bill
AF Acre-foot
CalEPA California Environmental Protection Agency
CARB California Air Resources Board
CAT Climate Action Team
CCAR California Climate Action Registry
CCAS California Climate Action Strategy
CEC California Energy Commission
CEQA California Environmental Quality Act
CH4 Methane
CNRA California Natural Resources Agency
CO2 Carbon Dioxide
DWR Department of Water Resources
EO Executive Order
EPA Environmental Protection Agency
GHG Greenhouse Gas
HFCs Hydrofluorocarbons
IRWM Integrated Regional Water Management
kWh kilowatt hours
MMTCO2E Million metric tons carbon dioxide equivalent
MSHCP Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plan
N2O Nitrous Oxide
NF3 Nitrogen Trifluoride
OPC Ocean Protection Council
OPR Office of Planning and Research
PFCs Perfluorocarbons
RMS Resource Management Strategy
SB Senate Bill
SDCWA San Diego County Water Authority
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SDG&E San Diego Gas & Electric
SDRIP San Diego River Improvement Project
SF6 Sulfur Hexafluoride
SLR Sea Level Rise
SWP State Water Project
SWRCB State Water Resources Control Board
TCR The California Registry
TMDL Total Maximum Daily Load
TDS Total Dissolved Solids
USEPA United States Environmental Protection Agency
WET-CAT Water Energy Team of the Climate Action Team
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1 Climate Change in Water Resources
This chapter addresses requirements set forth in the Resource Management Strategies (RMS)
Standard in the 2012 IRWM Program Guidelines (DWR 2012). As such, this chapter considers each
RMS listed in the California Water Plan (CWP) Update 2009 (DWR 2009), documents which RMS
will help achieve the IRWM Plan Update objectives, presents all RMS considered for the IRWM Plan
Update, and includes an evaluation of the adaptability of water management systems in the San
Diego IRWM Region to climate change.
1.1 Introduction
Climate change projections have shown that California can expect to be impacted by changes to
temperature and precipitation in the future, and even now California is beginning to experience the
effects of these impacts. Water resource planners already face challenges interpreting new climate
change information and discerning which response methods and approaches will be most
appropriate for their planning needs. This Climate Change Planning Study (Study) examines current
climate change science, policies, and regulations in terms of how they affect the San Diego
Integrated Regional Water Management Region (Region). This Study serves as an initial guide for
the Region to begin incorporating climate change adaptation and mitigation measures into its
Integrated Regional Water Management (IRWM) Plan, where adaptation is how the Region can
respond to climate change effects and mitigation is how the Region can reduce future climate
change effects, and includes the following sections:
x Chapter 1: Climate Change in Water Resources
x Chapter 2: Climate Change in IRWM Planning
x Chapter 3: Effects of Climate Change on the Region
x Chapter 4: Vulnerability Analysis
x Chapter 5: Climate Change Management Strategies
x Chapter 6: Recommendations
1.2 Adaptation Relationship
Climate change is expected to directly impact a number of areas related to water resources, in
particular temperature, precipitation, and sea level rise. As global temperature increases, seasonal
precipitation patterns including the timing, intensity and form of precipitation, are projected to
continue to change. Sea level rise, which has risen about seven inches over the last century due to
warming, is expected to rise further in the future. In order for the Region to adapt to, or protect
against, climate change, it must first identify the impacts climate change is expected to have on the
Region.
These impacts are expected to further impact local water resources as follows (DWR, 2011):
x Temperature increases:
o More winter precipitation falling as rain rather than snow, leading to reduced
snowpack water storage, reduced long term soil humidity, reduced groundwater
and downstream flows, and reduced imported water deliveries
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o Higher irrigation demands as temperatures alter evapotranspiration rates, and
growing seasons become longer
o Exacerbated water quality issues associated with dissolved oxygen levels, increased
algal blooms and increased concentrations of salinity and other constituents
o Impacted habitats for temperature-sensitive fish and other life forms, and increased
susceptibility of aquatic habitats to eutrophication
x Precipitation pattern changes:
o Increased flooding (both coastal and inland) caused by more intense storms
o Changes to growth and life cycle patterns caused by shifting weather patterns
o Threats to soil permeability, adding to increased flood threat and decreased water
availability
o Reduced water supply caused by the inability to capture precipitation from more
intense storms, and a projected progressive reduction in average annual runoff
(though some models suggest that there may be some offset from tropical moisture
patterns increasingly moving northward)
o Increased turbidity caused by more extreme storm events, leading to increased
water treatment needs and impacts to habitat
o Increased wildfires with less frequent, but more intense rainfall, and possibly
differently timed rainfall through the year, potentially resulting in vegetation cover
changes
o Reduction in hydropower generation potential
x Sea level rise:
o Inundation and erosion of coastal areas (coastal bluffs in particular), including
coastal infrastructure
o Saline intrusion of coastal aquifers
o Increased risk of storm surges and coastal flooding and erosion during and after
storms
o Changes in near-shore protective biogeography such as loss of sand, tide pools and
kelp beds
Although the extent of these changes is uncertain, scientists agree that some level of change is
inevitable; therefore, it will be necessary to implement flexible adaptation measures that will allow
natural and human systems to respond to these climate change impacts in timely and effective
ways. Adaptation measures may be implemented in response to climate change impacts that have
already occurred, or expected impacts that are projected to occur. It is important to take note that
water resources decisions made in the future will impact the rate of climate change.
In addition to adapting to climate change, the Region has the opportunity to mitigate against
climate change by minimizing greenhouse gas emissions emitted by water supply and wastewater
activities. The relationship between water resources and greenhouse gas emissions is discussed
further in the next section.
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1.3 Water-Energy Nexus
To understand how water is related to climate change, it’s helpful to understand the connection
between water resources planning and energy, which is known as the water-energy nexus. Energy
production accounts for between 30% and 40% of total GHG production in California, and can emit
a number of different types of GHGs. California’s Air Resources Board recognizes and inventories
the following GHGs: carbon dioxide (CO2), methane (CH4), nitrous oxide (N2O), sulfur hexafluoride
(SF6), hydrofluorocarbons (HFCs), perfluorocarbons (PFCs), and nitrogen trifluoride (NF3). These
GHGs vary in magnitude in terms of their GHG strength, and therefore are converted to be
equivalent to CO2 for the purposes of measuring GHG emissions across the state. CO2 emissions (or
the equivalent for other GHGs) are the common measurement for GHG emissions. (CARB, 2013).
Currently, statewide water use accounts for nearly 20% of electricity use, and 30% of non-power
plant related natural gas consumption (CEC, 2006). Water use and energy are linked in at least
three critical ways (CEC, 2011):
1. Water pumping and purification: The amount of energy used to pump water will depend
upon the source (e.g., surface versus groundwater), the distance and height the water must
be moved, and the treatment requirements. For example, pumping water to San Diego
County through the State Water Project, which accounts for nearly 80% of the County’s
water supply, uses about 4,600 kilowatt hours (kWh) per acre-foot of electricity (DWR,
2012a), while groundwater pumping typically uses 300 kWh/AF (Cohen, 2007).
2. Wastewater treatment: The amount of energy used in wastewater treatment plant typically
ranges from 1,100 to 4,600 kWh per million gallons of wastewater treated (CEC, 2006).
3. Water heating: In an average California home, 41 percent of the water is used for
dishwashing, faucets, laundry, and bathing water that is often heated.
These amounts, in total, are so significant that we must also count the amount of GHGs from the
fossil fuels that are burned to produce the oil, gas, coal and other combustibles which are then
burned to produce the electricity. Understanding the water-energy nexus in California provides
opportunities to attain significant energy benefits through two primary strategies (CEC, 2006):
1. Conserving water saves the energy that would have been used to convey, treat, and
distribute the water, and energy that may have been needed to collect, treat and dispose of
the wastewater.
2. Reducing the energy intensity of water operations reduces the total amount of energy
consumed in the water sector and ultimately reduces the value of energy embedded in
saved water.
By reducing the energy used through the above strategies, GHG production can be reduced.
It should be noted that, at times, the above processes may also be used to generate energy, such as
through cogeneration at wastewater treatment plants, or capturing energy as water flows downhill.
Concurrently, energy production processes require water for steam production for thermoelectric
power and to cool equipment by absorbing waste heat. Energy conservation in the Region can
reduce this need.
These strategies are reflected in California’s legislation and policy regarding climate change
mitigation and greenhouse (GHG) emissions reduction discussed in the remainder of Chapter 1.
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1.4 Legislative and Policy Context
In order to address currently-projected climate change impacts to California’s water resources, the
Department of Water Resources’ (DWR’s) 2012 IRWM Grant Program Guidelines require that
IRWM Plans describe and consider climate change adaptation and mitigation. Below is a summary
of State legislation and policy that were considered as part of this IRWM Plan.
Executive Order S-3-05
Executive Order (EO) S-3-05, signed on June 1, 2005 by Governor Arnold Schwarzenegger, is one of
the key pieces of legislation that has laid the foundation for California’s climate change policy. This
piece of legislation recognizes California’s vulnerabilities to the impacts of climate change, which
include its water-related natural resources. EO S-3-05 established three GHG reduction targets for
California:
x By 2010, reduce GHG emissions to 2000 California levels
x By 2020, reduce GHG emissions to 1990 California levels
x By 2050, reduce GHG emissions to 80 percent below 1990 California levels
In addition to establishing GHG reduction targets for California, EO S-3-05 dictates that the
Secretary of the California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA) establish the Climate Action
Team (CAT) for State agencies to coordinate oversight of efforts to meet these targets. As laid out in
EO S-3-05, the CAT submits biannual reports to the governor and State legislature describing
progress made toward reaching the targets.
There are currently 12 sub-groups within the CAT, one of which is the Water-Energy group (also
known as WET-CAT). WET-CAT was tasked with coordinating the study of GHG effects on
California’s water supply system, including the development of GHG mitigation strategies for
energy consumption related to water use. Since the adoption of the Assembly Bill 32 Scoping Plan
(see the following section), WET-CAT has been working on the implementation and analyses of six
water-related measures identified in the Scoping Plan:
x Water Use Efficiency
x Water Recycling
x Water System Energy Efficiency
x Reuse Urban Runoff
x Increase Renewable Energy Production
x Public Goods Charge for Water
Assembly Bill 32: The California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006
Assembly Bill (AB) 32, the California Global Warming Solutions Act of 2006 was signed by Governor
Schwarzenegger to codify the mid-term GHG reduction target established in EO S-3-05 (reduce GHG
emissions to 1990 levels by 2020) through, among other mechanisms, imposing an enforceable cap
on GHG emissions. AB 32 directed the California Air Resources Board (CARB) to develop discrete
early actions to reduce GHG emissions by 2007, and to adopt regulations to implement early action
measures by January 1, 2010.
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Climate Change Scoping Plan
AB 32 also required CARB to prepare a Scoping Plan to identify and achieve reductions in GHG
emissions in California. The approved Climate Change Scoping Plan, adopted by CARB in December
2008, recommends specific strategies for different business sectors, including water management,
to achieve the 2020 GHG emissions limit. The Scoping Plan as it relates to water resources is
discussed further in Section 0 below.
Senate Bill 97
Senate Bill 97 (SB 97) directed the Governor’s Office of Planning and Research (OPR) to develop
amendments to the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) Guidelines to determine how
climate change is analyzed in documents required by CEQA. On December 31, 2009, the California
Natural Resources Agency adopted amendments to the CEQA Guidelines and sent them to the
California Office of Administrative Law for approval and filing with the Secretary of State. These
CEQA Guideline amendments became effective on March 18, 2010. The CEQA Guidelines are not
prescriptive; rather they encourage lead agencies to consider many factors in performing a CEQA
analysis, and maintain discretion with lead agencies to make their own determinations based on
substantial evidence.
Managing an Uncertain Future: Climate Change Adaptation Strategies for California’s Water
DWR, in collaboration with the State Water Resources Control Board, other state agencies, and
numerous stakeholders, has initiated a number of projects to begin climate change adaptation
planning for the water sector. In October 2009, DWR released the first state-level climate change
adaptation strategy for water resources in the U.S., and the first adaptation strategy for any sector
in California. Entitled Managing an Uncertain Future: Climate Change Adaptation Strategies for
California’s Water, the report details how climate change is currently affecting the state’s water
supplies, and sets forth ten adaptation strategies to help avoid or reduce climate change impacts to
water resources.
Central to these adaptation efforts will be the full implementation of IRWM plans, which address
regionally-appropriate management practices that incorporate climate change adaptation. These
plans will evaluate and provide a comprehensive, economical, and sustainable water use strategy at
the watershed level for California.
Executive Order S-13-08
Given the potentially serious threat of sea level rise to California's water supply and coastal
resources, and the subsequent impact it would have on our state's economy, population, and
natural resources, Governor Schwarzenegger issued EO S-13-08 to enhance the state's management
of climate impacts from sea level rise, increased temperatures, shifting precipitation, and extreme
weather events. It requested a California Sea Level Rise Assessment Report to be conducted by the
National Academy of Sciences, which was released in June 2012.
California Climate Adaptation Strategy
In response to the passage of EO S-13-08, the California Natural Resources Agency released the
report entitled 2009 California Climate Adaptation Strategy that summarizes the best known
science on climate change impacts in the state, assesses vulnerabilities, and outlines possible
solutions that can be implemented within and across the state agencies to promote resilience to
climate change.
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GHG Reporting Rule
While California has taken the lead in climate change policy and legislation, there have been several
recent important developments at the federal level. On September 22, 2009, the United States
Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) released its final GHG Reporting Rule (Reporting Rule).
Starting in 2010, facility owners that emit 25,000 metric tons of CO2 emissions or more per year
are required to submit an annual GHG emissions report with detailed calculations of facility GHG
emissions. These activities will dovetail with the AB 32 reporting requirements in California.
Water Code Section 10541
California has included climate change in its water code to ensure that it is considered as part of
water management. California Water Code Section 10541 contains requirements for considering
climate change in IRWM Plans. Specifically, it states that the guidelines for IRWM Plans are required
to include:
x Consideration of GHG emissions of identified programs and projects
x Evaluation of the adaptability to climate change of water management systems in the region
1.5 AB 32 Scoping Plan and CARB Strategies
As stated previously, AB 32 required CARB to prepare a Scoping Plan to identify and achieve
reductions in GHG emissions in California, and recommended specific strategies for different
business sectors to achieve the 2020 GHG emissions limit. This Scoping Plan was introduced in
2005, and adopted in 2008. Water use is identified in the AB 32 Scoping Plan as a sector requiring
significant amounts of energy, and sets a goal to “continue efficiency programs and use cleaner
energy sources to move and treat water.” This goal recognizes that California has a history of
advancing water efficiency and conservation programs.
The Scoping Plan identifies six greenhouse gas emissions reduction (mitigation) measures for the
water sector that could reduce GHGs if implemented statewide (please note that not all of these
measures may be applicable to the San Diego IRWM Region):
1. Water Use Efficiency: Through increases in water use efficiency measures,
reduce total statewide emissions
2. Water Recycling: Through increases in water recycling, reduce total statewide
emissions
3. Water system energy efficiency: Through increases in water system energy
efficiency, reduce total statewide emissions
4. Reuse of urban runoff: Through reuse of urban runoff, reduce total statewide
emissions
5. Increase renewable energy production: Through the increase in renewable
energy production, reduce statewide emissions
6. Public goods charge: To be determined
The first three of the measures will reduce energy requirements associated with providing reliable
water supplies. The next two measures will reduce the amount of non-renewable electricity
associated with conveying and treating water. The final measure (public goods charge) focuses on
providing sustainable funding for implementing these actions. Other sectors identified in the
Scoping Plan, such as Agriculture and Green Building, recognize that water use efficiency measures
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will help to decrease GHG emissions as well, but do not calculate water use efficiency savings
separately. The Scoping Plan states that to implement these GHG reduction measures, CARB and
other State agencies will work with stakeholders and the public to develop regulatory measures
and other programs.
1.6 California Climate Action Registry/The Climate Registry
The California Climate Action Registry (CCAR) was a program of the Climate Action Reserve which
closed in December 2010. It served as a voluntary GHG registry to promote early actions to reduce
GHG emissions by organizations. CCAR members voluntarily measured, verified, and publicly
reported their GHG emissions. Members of the CCAR have been transitioned over to The Climate
Registry (TCR), which is a nonprofit GHG emissions registry for North America that provides
organizations with the tools to help them calculate, verify, report and manage their GHG emissions
within a single registry. A number of agencies and organizations in the IRWM Region are voluntary
members of TCR, including:
x San Diego County Water Authority
x City of San Diego
x County of San Diego
x Metropolitan Water District of Southern California
TCR’s tools and database are particularly useful to those entities required to report their GHG
emissions according to the EPA’s Greenhouse Gas Reporting Rule (74 FR 56260) which requires
reporting of GHG data and other relevant information from large sources and suppliers in the
United States, and went into effect in January 2010. Though primarily affecting facilities that supply
fossil fuels or industrial GHGs, manufacturers of vehicles and engines, this rule also applies to
facilities that are responsible for the emission of 25,000 metric tons or more of GHG emissions per
year, and therefore may apply to water and wastewater utilities, and large water purchasers. In
addition to meeting USEPA requirements, by becoming a member of TCR, a utility, agency or
company may better be able to respond to California’s requirements for reporting and reducing
GHG emissions.
1.7 Climate Action Plans and Climate Initiatives
Climate action plans are becoming more common among California’s cities and counties. A climate
action plan, which may also be referred to as a climate mitigation and adaptation plan, is a set of
strategies intended to guide efforts for reducing GHG emissions, and typically covers a range of
sectors such as energy, transportation, water, wastewater, solid waste, infrastructure, urban
forestry and agriculture, and public health. Plans may also include strategies to guide efforts for
reducing the impact of climate change effects on the area. Within the Region, the County and a
number of cities and agencies have developed or are developing climate action plans and
adaptation plans:
x County of San Diego Climate Action Plan
x San Diego County Water Authority Climate Action Plan and Climate Mitigation Plan
x City of San Diego Climate Mitigation and Adaptation Plan
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x City of San Diego Long Range Water Resources Plan
x City of Chula Vista Adaptation and Mitigation Plan
x City of Encinitas Climate Action Plan
x City of Escondido Climate Action Plan
x City of San Marcos Climate Action Plan
x Port of San Diego Climate Mitigation and Adaptation Plan
x San Diego Association of Governments (SANDAG) Regional Energy Strategy and Climate
Action Strategy
x San Diego Bay Sea Level Rise Adaptation Study
x San Diego Foundation Focus 2050 Study
In addition to the Climate Action Plans developed in the Region, the San Diego Foundation has
developed a Climate Initiative to support community awareness about the local impacts of climate
change. This initiative aims to educate the community about climate change, support climate
change research, partner with local governments to address climate change, and provide technical
assistance for climate action planning. As part of this initiative, every jurisdiction in the County has
completed a GHG emissions inventory.
2 Climate Change in IRWM Planning
2.1 DWR Requirements
As previously discussed, the California Water Code contain language stating that IRWM Plan
guidelines require climate change be considered as part of IRWM Plans. In line with this, DWR has
included a Climate Change Standard in the IRWM Guidelines that requires IRWM plans to include a
“cursory analysis of the effects on the region due to climate change, with the intent that a more
refined analysis be required as additional guidance is made available.” To meet these guidelines,
DWR has suggested that climate change be included in IRWM Plans as shown in Table 1.
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Table 1: IRWM Plan Standards in Relation to Climate Change
Plan Section According to
IRWM Plan Standards Climate Change Information to Include1
Region Description Language that describes likely climate change impacts on the Region as
determined from a vulnerability assessment
Plan Objectives
Adaptation to climate change:
x Address adapting to changes in the amount, intensity, timing, quality and
variability precipitation, runoff and recharge.
x Consider sea level rise effects on water supply and other water resource
conditions (e.g., recreation, habitat) and identify suitable adaptation
measures. Consider OPC’s Sea Level Rise Policy
Reducing emissions (mitigation of greenhouse gasses)
x Reduce carbon consumption, especially the energy embedded in water
use, and ultimately reduce GHG emissions
x Consider the strategies adopted by CARB in its AB 32 Scoping Plan,
including innovative applications
x Consider options for carbon sequestration where such options are
integrally(directly or indirectly) tied to supporting IRWM Plan objectives
Resource Management
Strategies
Identify and implement adaptation strategies that address region-specific or local
climate change contributions or impacts
Project Review Process
Include the following factors:
x Contribution of the project to adapting to climate change
x Contribution of the project in reducing GHG emissions as compared to
project alternatives
Relation to Local Water
Planning
Consider and incorporate water management issues and climate change
adaptation and mitigation strategies from local plans into the IRWM Plan.
Relation to Local Land Use
Planning
Demonstrate information sharing and collaboration with regional land use planning
in order to management multiple water demands through the state (as described in
CWP Update 2009), adapt water management systems to climate change, and
potentially offset climate change impacts to water supply.
Plan Performance and
Monitoring Contain policies and procedures that promote adaptive management.
Coordination
Consider the following:
x Stay involved in CNRA’s California Adaptation Strategy process
x Consider joining The California Registry (www.theclimateregistry.org)
1. Based on information in DWR’s 2012 Prop 84 and Prop 1E IRWM Guidelines, Appendix C, Table 7
2.2 Adaptation and Mitigation Analysis
In order to meet the IRWM Plan standards discussed in the previous section, the climate change
analysis process shown in Figure 1 was followed. As previously discussed in this Study, climate
change includes both adaptation (responding to climate change) and mitigation (reducing GHGs),
and therefore is reflected in the analysis process below. While both the adaptation analysis and
mitigation analysis include a literature review, strategy identification and performance metrics
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development, the adaptation analysis includes an extra step to identify and prioritize climate
change vulnerabilities. The information gathered through this climate change analysis will be
incorporated into the Region’s IRWM Plan update. By working through each of these steps, the
Region can meet the requirements contained in DWR’s IRWM Plan Guidelines.
Figure 1: Climate Change Analysis Process
2.3 San Diego IRWM Region Climate Change Study
To fulfill DWR’s requirements and work through the climate change analysis discussed above, the
Region established a Climate Change Workgroup (Workgroup) comprised of various water
resources and planning representatives that have experience in climate change planning within the
Region to work with a consultant to develop this Climate Change Planning Study (Study). In
addition, local climate change efforts, in particular the San Diego Foundation Regional Focus 2050
Study which defines Region-specific climate change impacts, were used in the climate change
assessment.
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3 Effects of Climate Change on Region
3.1 Impacts and Effects on Region
Estimating the impacts of climate change at a regional level is challenging due to the coarse spatial
scale of models that project climate change impacts of temperature and rainfall, and due to the long
time scale evaluated in many models (to the year 2100). Recently, state and local entities have been
working to downscale climate models to allow for climate change planning at a level that can be
useful for planning efforts. The timescale used for these models has also been downscaled to
provide outputs for the year 2050, and though this is still a longer timescale than is used in IRWM
planning, is still useful for assessing climate change.
To incorporate climate change into water resources management, downscaled temperature and
precipitation projections are input into other models, such as hydrologic models, to project impacts
to water supply, water demand, snow pack, sea level rise, and wildfires. The results of these models
have been summarized in a variety of studies and planning documents at the state, regional, and
local levels. As part of this Study, a number of these documents were reviewed to determine which
best represented the impacts for the Region. These documents include:
x Regional Focus 2050 Study (San Diego Foundation, 2008a & 2008b)
x 2010 Urban Water Management Plan (San Diego County Water Authority, 2011)
x Using Future Climate Projections to Support Water Resources Decision Making in California,
(California Climate Change Center, 2009)
x Reconciling Projections of Colorado River Streamflow, Southwest Hydrology (Hoerling et al.,
2009)
Climate change impacts and effects are based on very different climate change assumptions and
analysis approaches. Table 2 summarizes the impacts and effects of climate change on the San
Diego Region by 2050 (unless otherwise indicated), which are typically based on an average of
various climate change analyses. Generally, climate change is expected to increase temperature in
the region. Rainfall projections vary with some projections showing that the Region will receive as
much as 35% less rainfall and some showing up to 17% more rainfall (San Diego Foundation,
2008a). It’s generally accepted that storms will be less frequent, but more intense (San Diego
Foundation, 2008a). With higher temperatures and changes in rainfall volume and frequency,
additional impacts will be felt in the Region.
Imported water supply from the State Water Project is projected to decrease by up to 25%
(California Climate Change Center, 2009), while Colorado River Aqueduct supply may decrease by
up to 20% (Hoerling et al, 2009). An overall shortfall of 164,000 acre-feet per year (AFY) in
imported water is expected by 2050 (San Diego Foundation, 2008b).
Preliminary analysis of regional water demand trends in the San Diego County Water Authority
service area indicate that climate change impacts may result in a slight demand increase, between
0.6 and 1.8%, by the year 2035. (SDCWA, 2011).
In currently accepted models, sea level rise is projected to be at least 12 to 18 inches by 2050,
which would both inundate the coast due to the average rise, and impact coastal flood control
during storms (San Diego Foundation, 2008a).
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The changes to climate are also expected to increase the frequency of wildfires. Studies suggest
that there will be a 40% increase in Coastal Sage Scrub acreage burned (San Diego Foundation,
2008a), and that 54% more acreage in the Western U.S. will burn compared to present (San Diego
Foundation, 2008a). Increases in wildfires have the potential to increase sedimentation and
turbidity of surface waters, and increase flash flooding.
Knowing what climate change impacts and effects are projected to have on the Region, it’s possible
to determine what water resources in the Region are most vulnerable to climate change. The next
sections identify and prioritize the vulnerabilities to determine how to best apply management
practices. These effects were presented to and vetted by the Workgroup at a meeting held on June
12, 2012.
Table 2: Impacts and Effects of Climate Change on Region by 2050
Impact Effect
Temperature x 1.5°F to 4.5°F average temperature increase
Rainfall x Variable projections predict between 35% drier and 17% wetter
x Increase in variability between years
Supply
x Up to 25% decrease in SWP supply
x Up to 20% decrease in Colorado River supply
x 164,000 afy average shortfall in imported supply
Demand x Potential 0.6% to 1.8% increase in demand by 2035
Sea level rise x 12 to 18 inch rise in mean sea level rise
Wildfires x 40% increase in California Coastal Shrub acreage burned in Southwestern U.S.
x 54% increase in overall acreage burned in Western U.S.
3.2 Identification of Vulnerabilities
Understanding the potential impacts and effects that climate change is projected to have on the
Region allows an informed vulnerability assessment to be conducted for the Region’s water
resources. A climate change vulnerability assessment helps a Region to assess its water resource
sensitivity to climate change, prioritize climate change vulnerabilities, and ultimately guides
decisions as to what strategies and projects would most effectively adapt to and mitigate against
climate change. DWR has identified a series of questions to help regions identify key indicators of
potential vulnerability, including (DWR, 2011):
x Currently observable climate change impacts (climate sensitivity)
x Presence of particularly climate sensitive features, such as specific habitats and flood
control infrastructure (internal exposure)
x Resiliency of a region’s resources (adaptive capacity)
The Workgroup developed an analysis of the Region’s vulnerabilities to climate change at the June
12, 2012 climate change workshop by asking a series of questions suggested by DWR in its 2011
Climate Change Handbook for Regional Water Planning. Table 3 summarizes the analysis, which
includes:
x Vulnerability Question: Taken from Box 4-1 of DWR’s Climate Change Handbook
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x Answer: Provided at June 12, 2012 workshop
x Justification: Why Y (yes) or N (no) was selected
x Vulnerability Issue: What is the climate change vulnerability issue that is identified by
asking the question?
Following this analysis, the vulnerability issues were prioritized by the Workgroup. This activity
and results are described in Chapter 4.
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Climate Change Planning Study May 2013 14 Table 3: Climate Change Vulnerability Indicator Questions Vulnerability Question Answer Justification Vulnerability Issue Water Demand Are there major industries that require cooling/process water in your planning region? Y Electronics and aerospace manufacturing, energy generation, research development, pharmaceutical. Biotech and energy growing. Room for efficiency improvements Increase in industrial demand Are crops grown in your region climate-sensitive? Would shifts in daily heat patterns, such as how long heat lingers before night-time cooling, be prohibitive for some crops? Y Primary crops include avocados, nurseries and citrus which can be climate sensitive, but agricultural land use is expected to decrease. Rise in smaller agricultural/urban farms/residential gardens, and increased crop diversity. Decrease in larger agricultural users. Increase in agricultural crop water demand per acre; small food production use of permaculture could decrease per acre use Do groundwater supplies in your region lack resiliency after drought events? Y The small groundwater basins in the Region tend to decrease resiliency. Increasing impermeability reduces recharge. Sweetwater, Oceanside, Escondido/Vista. Salt water intrusion as water tables drop. Lack of groundwater storage to buffer drought Are water use curtailment measures effective in your region? Y Shortage management activities currently in place were effective in meeting demands during the last major drought which began in 2007. Management measures not previously considered, such as soil conditions, may provide additional opportunities. Perceived limited ability to conserve further Does water use vary by more than 50% seasonally in parts of your region? Y Water agencies have peaking factors ranging from 2:1 to 6:1. Some of the higher peaking agencies dependent on imported water will have reduced peaking as agricultural use declines and more development occurs. Limited ability to meet summer demand Are some in-stream flow requirements in your region either currently insufficient to support aquatic life, or occasionally unmet? N Most streams are intermittent; however, some agencies that move water between reservoirs via streams have in-stream requirements to protect species during certain times of the year which impacts when water can be moved. Habitat demand would be impacted Water Supply Does a portion of the water supply in your region come from snowmelt? Y Imported supplies (SWP, Colorado River) come from snowmelt. Decrease in imported supply Does part of your region rely on water diverted from the Delta, imported from the Colorado River, or imported from other climate-sensitive systems outside your region? Y Approximately 80% of the Region's supplies are imported. Decrease in imported supply June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 232 of 652
Climate Change Planning Study May 2013 15 Vulnerability Question Answer Justification Vulnerability Issue Would your region have difficulty in storing carryover supply surpluses from year to year? N No, the County has sufficient storage capacity, and is currently completing an emergency storage carryover project. It should be noted that there is little transfer market available in California, with a focus of storage in northern California. Decrease in reliability Does part of your region rely on coastal aquifers? Has salt intrusion been a problem in the past? Y Some brackish groundwater exists near the coast which limits the use of coastal aquifers. Decrease in groundwater supply Has your region faced a drought in the past during which it failed to meet local water demands? Y Drought management plans had to be put into effect. It should be noted that the Region has never failed to meet its customers’ demands once drought measures were put into place. Development of additional supplies may reduce the Region’s vulnerability to this issue. Sensitivity due to higher drought potential Does your region have invasive species management issues at your facilities, along conveyance structures, or in habitat areas? Y Quagga, Arundo, Tamarisk Invasives can reduce supply available Water Quality Are increased wildfires a threat in your region? If so, does your region include reservoirs with fire-susceptible vegetation nearby which could pose a water quality concern from increased erosion? Y Wildfires are a common occurrence in the area, and often cause increased erosion in the Region's watersheds. Increased erosion and sedimentation Does part of your region rely on surface water bodies with current or recurrent water quality issues related to eutrophication, such as low dissolved oxygen or algal blooms? Are there other water quality constituents potentially exacerbated by climate change? Y Several water bodies are 303(d) listed for water quality issues related to eutrophication including the Lake Hodges, Famosa Slough, Guajome Lake, Loma Alta Slough, Mission Bay at the mouths of Rose Creek and Tecolote Creek, lower San Diego River, Sal Elijo Lagoon, Santa Margarita Lagoon, Tijuana River, and the Tijuana River Estuary. Increased eutrophication Are seasonal low flows decreasing for some water bodies in your region? If so, are the reduced low flows limiting the water bodies’ assimilative capacity? Y At times during the year, the only flow in some streams is irrigation overflow, which in turn increase the concentration of constituents. Increased constituent concentration Are there beneficial uses designated for some water bodies in your region that cannot always be met due to water quality issues? Y At times recreation use in some reservoirs is impacted, and beach closures occur. Wildlife habitat and freshwater habitat issues as well. Decrease in recreational opportunity June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 233 of 652
Climate Change Planning Study May 2013 16 Vulnerability Question Answer Justification Vulnerability Issue Does part of your region currently observe water quality shifts during rain events that impact treatment facility operation? Y Total dissolved solids (TDS), turbidity and nutrient levels in reservoirs may increase during storm events, impacting water treatment, particularly after fires. Oils and feces show up in reservoirs as well. Increase in treatment needs and cost Sea Level Rise Has coastal erosion already been observed in your region? Y Coastal erosion occurs at unstable bluffs along the coast, for example: Sunset cliff, bluffs along City of San Diego, Encinitas, military infrastructure at Coronado Island and Camp Pendleton.. Decrease in land due to erosion Do tidal gauges along the coastal parts of your region show an increase over the past several decades? Y San Diego Bay Adaptation shows increasing levels Damage to coastal recreation/tourism due to inundation Is there land subsidence in the coastal areas of your region? N None noted Are there coastal structures, such as levees or breakwaters, in your region? Y Examples include Mission Bay, San Diego Harbor Is there significant coastal infrastructure, such as residences, recreation, water and wastewater treatment, tourism, and transportation) at less than six feet above mean sea level in your region? Y Beach community - wide-spread Are there climate-sensitive low-lying coastal habitats in your region? Y Habitat type - salt marsh Damage to ecosystems/habitats Are there areas in your region that currently flood during extreme high tides or storm surges? Y Mission Valley flooded from San Diego river during high tidal events Storm drains and sewer systems will be inundated Flooding Does critical infrastructure in your region lie within the 200-year floodplain? Y There is low-lying water and wastewater infrastructure. Pump stations. Increases in inland flooding Does aging critical flood protection infrastructure exist in your region? Y San Diego River Flood Improvement project. San Diego River Improvement Project (SDRIP) at Mission Valley. June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 234 of 652
Climate Change Planning Study May 2013 17 Vulnerability Question Answer Justification Vulnerability Issue Have flood control facilities (such as impoundment structures) been insufficient in the past? Y Flooding (and flash flooding in particular) has been a danger in certain areas of the Region due to overflowing drainage channels, low lying areas with poor drainage, and debris build-up in basins. Some areas identified by the County include localized areas in Mission Valley, Moreno Valley, Ocotillo Wells, Lemon Crest, below San Vicente Reservoir, Ramona, etc. Are wildfires a concern in parts of your region? Y Wildfires are a common occurrence in the Region. Increases in flash flooding Does part of your region lie within the Sacramento-San Joaquin Drainage District? N Not applicable Not applicable Ecosystem and Habitat Does your region include inland or coastal aquatic habitats vulnerable to erosion and sedimentation issues? Y Erosion and sedimentation issues in Penasquitos Canyon, San Onofre, Crest Canyon, San Dieguito lagoon, Del Mar area, Encinitas area, Increased impacts to coastal species Does your region include estuarine habitats which rely on seasonal freshwater flow patterns? Y A number of brackish lagoons exist along the coast including Batiquitos Lagoon, Buena Vista Lagoon, Agua Hedionda Lagoon, and San Elijo Lagoon. Do estuaries, coastal dunes, wetlands, marshes, or exposed beaches exist in your region? If so, are coastal storms possible/frequent in your region? Y Estuaries, coastal dunes, wetlands, marshes and exposed beaches exist along the entire coast of the region. Historically, coastal storms have caused erosion. Do climate-sensitive fauna or flora populations live in your region? Y Numerous species dependent upon the Mediterranean climate live in the Region Decreases in ecosystem services Do endangered or threatened species exist in your region? Are changes in species distribution already being observed in parts of your region? Y A number of endangered and threatened species exist in the Region. Decrease in available, necessary habitat Does the region rely on aquatic or water-dependent habitats for recreation or other economic activities? Y Beach tourism, reservoir recreation, river trails Are there areas of fragmented estuarine, aquatic, or wetland wildlife habitat within your region? Are there movement corridors for species to naturally migrate? Are there infrastructure projects planned that might preclude species movement? Y Multiple Species Habitat Conservation Plans (MSHCPs) working on ensuring corridors but some need to be created June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 235 of 652
Climate Change Planning Study May 2013 18 Vulnerability Question Answer Justification Vulnerability Issue Does your region include one or more of the habitats described in the Endangered Species Coalition’s Top 10 habitats vulnerable to climate change? N No, the Region is not within any of the ten listed habitats. Are there rivers in your region with quantified environmental flow requirements or known water quality/quantity stressors to aquatic life? Y Some rivers and streams have quantified flow requirements but are primarily related to water rights. There is a bacteria Total Maximum Daily Load (TMDL) covers almost every water body in region. Nutrient TMDLs on lots of water bodies Decrease in environmental flows Hydropower Is hydropower a source of electricity in your region? Y Approximately 10% of electricity provided by SDG&E is hydropower. The Water Authority also produces hydroelectric power which is sold to San Diego Gas & Electric (SDG&E). Decrease in hydropower potential Are energy needs in your region expected to increase in the future? If so, are there future plans for hydropower generation facilities or conditions for hydropower generation in your region? Y Energy demand is expected to increase in the future with population increase and development. Additional hydropower was recently created at Lake Hodges/Olivenhain Reservoir, and an additional project is possible at the San Vicente Dam. June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 236 of 652
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4 Vulnerability Analysis
Once the Workgroup identified the Region’s areas of concern in terms of climate change issues, it
was able to begin examining the adaptability of its water resources to climate change by prioritizing
the vulnerability issues. In prioritizing the vulnerability issues, the Workgroup identified those
water resources that are of highest concern to the Region in terms of the significance of the impact
of climate change and therefore the level of adaptation that will be needed.
4.1 Vulnerability Prioritization Process
The vulnerabilities identified were then prioritized during an exercise conducted with the Working
group. Each member selected five vulnerability issues they determined should have the highest
priority in being addressed. In total, the nine members of the Workgroup resulted in 45 votes.
Votes were spread across nearly all of the categories, indicating the Workgroup perceived there to
be a wide range of climate change vulnerabilities. The vulnerability issues were then grouped into
five priority levels ranging from very high to very low according to the number of votes: very high
(nine votes), high (three to four votes), medium (two to three votes), low (one to two votes), very
low (no votes).
At a subsequent meeting held on July 26, 2012, the Workgroup reviewed the results and made
suggestions for refinements that could be made to better align the prioritization with the
vulnerabilities identified in planning documents. These suggestions were incorporated into the
prioritized vulnerability issues which are shown in the next section.
4.2 Vulnerability Prioritization Results
The Region’s list of prioritized vulnerabilities developed by the Workgroup is shown in Table 4, and
discussed further below.
Table 4: Prioritized Climate Change Vulnerability Issues
Priority Level Category and Vulnerability Issue
Very High x Water Supply: Decrease in imported supply
High x Water Supply: Sensitivity due to higher drought potential
x Water Quality: Increased constituent concentrations
x Flooding: Increases in flash flooding and inundation (extreme weather)
x Sea Level Rise: Inundation of storm drains and sewer systems x Ecosystem/Habitat: Decrease in available necessary habitatEcosystem/Habitat:
Decrease in ecosystem services
Medium x Water Demand: Crop demand would increase
x Water Demand: Industrial demand would increase
x Water Supply: Decrease in groundwater supply
x Water Quality: Increase in treatment cost
x Sea Level Rise: Damage to coastal recreation / tourism due to inundation
Low x Water Demand: Limited ability to conserve further
x Water Supply: Lack of groundwater storage to buffer drought
x Water Quality: Increased eutrophication x Flooding: Increases in inland flooding
x Ecosystem/Habitat: Increased impacts to coastal species
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Priority Level Category and Vulnerability Issue
Very Low x Water Demand: Limited ability to meet summer demand
x Water Supply: Invasives can reduce supply available
x Water Quality: Decrease in recreational opportunity x Sea Level Rise: Decrease in land
x Sea Level Rise: Damage to ecosystem/habitat x Ecosystem/habitat: Decrease in environmental flows
x Hydropower: Decrease in hydropower potential
Very High Prioritization
Water supply: Decrease in imported supply
The water supply vulnerability issue of “decrease in imported supply” was identified by the
Workgroup as the highest priority issue. The Region is highly dependent on imported water with
nearly 80% of its supplies currently coming from the State Water Project and the Colorado River
aqueduct. Given the Region’s limited local water supplies and the projected 20% to 25% decrease
in imported water supply, a decrease in imported supply with climate change could have a
significant impact on the Region and is an issue that needs to be addressed.
High Prioritization
Water Supply: Sensitivity due to higher drought potential
Climate change is expected to increase drought potential in the Region. In past years, water
suppliers in the Region have successfully implemented drought management measures in order to
lower demand. However, there are limits on the effectiveness of drought management measures.
For example, tourists visiting the area are not likely to take part in drought management measures.
Taking these issues into account, the Region is expected to be more susceptible to drought
conditions. As drought is expected to increase in frequency and severity, more direct/long-term
measures may be warranted as well as evaluation of revenue impacts to local water districts.
Water Quality: Increased constituent concentrations
The water quality vulnerability issue of increased constituent concentrations with climate change
was ranked highly as water bodies in the area already require treatment to meet water quality
standards, such as pathogens and nutrients. Climate change is expected to decrease local water
resources in the future, which will increase constituent concentrations leading to difficulty in
meeting water quality standards and increases to treatment cost.
Flooding: Increases in flash flooding and inundation (extreme weather)
Flash flooding has been an issue for the Region in the past. Foothill areas are especially in danger
from flash floods from large seasonal storms, which become a greater concern as the Region is
prone to wildfires. Given that more frequent and intense storms are predicted as a consequence of
climate change, in addition to increased wildfire risk, increases in flash flooding and inundation are
of high concern.
Sea Level Rise: Inundation of storm drains and sewer systems
Regional studies have found that sea level rise is already occurring, and is expected to continue to
rise an additional 12 and 18 inches by 2050. This new sea level will inundate a number of low-lying
areas along the Region’s coast such as Oceanside, La Jolla, Del Mar, Mission Beach, Coronado Island
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and Camp Pendleton (Coastal Data Information Program, 2008), and impact their storm drains,
wastewater systems, and other facilities and infrastructure. Coastal stormwater infrastructure and
wastewater infrastructure that discharge to the ocean will be inundated with increased sea level
rise, in particular during coastal storms, causing increased coastal flooding and sewer system
overflows. An example of the extent of sea level rise on La Jolla is shown in Figure 2. Concern over
aging systems and systems not designed for the increased capacity that will be needed with sea
level rise led the group to give this issue a high-priority ranking
Figure 2: Projected 2050 Coastal Inundation with Sea Level Rise in La Jolla
(CDIP, 2008)
Ecosystem/Habitat: Decrease in available necessary habitat
The Region has numerous unique habitat areas extending from the mountains to the oceans which
sensitive and endangered species are dependent upon. Anticipated higher temperatures, longer
more frequent droughts, and more extreme precipitation events are projected to cause shifts and
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loss of habitat necessary for these species. Of particular concern to IRWM planning is the shift and
loss of riparian and wetland habitat. Riparian habitat will be altered due to decreased flows,
increased water temperatures and increased constituent concentrations. These reductions in
habitat and associated loss of sensitive and endangered species will, in turn, create biodiversity
shifts and increase invasive species.
Ecosystem/Habitat: Decrease in ecosystem services
Ecosystem services provide important functions, such as material cycling and treatment of
stormwater runoff that, if decreased, may result in the need for additional water treatment. As
discussed above, climate change is expected to decrease available necessary habitat. This reduction
in habitat and associated biodiversity shift and increase in invasive species is expected to decrease
ecosystem services in the Region, and could result in additional cost.
Medium Prioritization
Water Demand: Increase in agricultural crop water demand per acre
Crop water demands are expected to increase with the increased temperatures caused by climate
change. Though the number of acres of agricultural land is expected to decrease slightly in the
future, the net demand for irrigation supply on the remaining acres may exceed current demand
under climate change conditions. Through current jurisdictional plans, notably the County of San
Diego General Plan, it is apparent that agriculture is an important industry to the Region,
particularly smaller agricultural productions and urban farms that provide an economic base and
community character to the Region. Given that agricultural land is decreasing, the Workgroup has
given this climate change vulnerability issue a medium prioritization.
Water Demand: Increase in industrial demand
Industrial demand is expected to increase with temperature increases due to the need for cooling
and process water. This vulnerability issue is particularly of concern for industries such as
electronics and aerospace manufacturing, energy generation, research development and the
pharmaceutical industry. Industrial demand increases are of concern in particular as increased
demand in the Region could impact companies’ decision to locate their plants within the Region,
which would impact economic development.
Water Supply: Decrease in groundwater supply
Groundwater supply is projected to decline by seven inches per year with climate change. In
addition, sea water intrusion caused by rising sea levels also has the potential to impact
groundwater supply quality, which will reduce the amount of groundwater available for pumping.
Despite these impacts, this vulnerability issue was prioritized as medium since the Region only
obtains a small portion of its supplies through groundwater due to the limited size of the
groundwater basins. This issue may be of a higher priority in localized areas such as the community
of Lakeside, the Marine Corps Base at Camp Pendleton, Pauma Valley, the San Luis Rey River area,
and National City where groundwater is a greater portion of supply.
Water Quality: Increase in treatment cost
Total dissolved solids (TDS) levels in reservoirs may increase due to increases in precipitation
intensity, particularly after fires, which would in turn increase the cost of water treatment. The
Region has a number of reservoirs which are downstream of forested watersheds, and are
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susceptible to increased turbidity due to runoff from the surrounding area. However, this is not
currently a large issues and therefore, the Workgroup rated this vulnerability issue as medium.
Sea Level Rise: Damage to coastal recreation / tourism due to inundation
As discussed previously, sea level rise is already documented as occurring, and is expected to
continue to rise to between 12 and 18 inches by 2050. This rise in sea level is expected to cause
damage to coastal recreation and tourism areas (such as beaches), though planning efforts such as
the Sea Level Rise Adaptation Strategy for San Diego Bay, are ongoing. As the Region’s economy
relies partially on recreation and tourism, this vulnerability issue has been given a medium
prioritization.
Low Prioritization
Water Demand: Limited ability to conserve further
The Region has already succeeded in implementing a large amount of water use efficiency
measures. These measures have proven to be successful in mitigating against droughts such as in
the severe drought that occurred in 2007. With this in mind, the Region may have difficulty in
conserving further to meet greater drought frequency and intensity. However, additional savings
measures are available and are being incorporated into Urban Water Management Plans and local
climate action plans, which allow the Region to classify this issue as low.
Water Supply: Lack of groundwater storage to buffer drought
As mentioned under the water supply issue of decrease in groundwater supply, the Region’s
groundwater basins are limited in size, meaning there is very limited storage availability in the
groundwater basins for use in buffering drought. Despite this, the Region’s low reliability on
groundwater makes this issue relatively less of a priority.
Water Quality: Increased eutrophication
Several water bodies in the Region are 303(d) listed for water quality issues related to
eutrophication, including a number of lagoons, Tecolote Creek, lower San Diego River, and the
Tijuana River Estuary. Consequently, it’s probable that temperature increases caused by climate
change could increase eutrophication of the Region’s water bodies. This climate change
vulnerability was ranked low, however, relative to other water quality vulnerability issues.
Flooding: Increases in inland flooding
Inland flooding was listed as a low priority for the Region, though there has been localized flooding
in low-lying areas caused by insufficient and/or aging flood infrastructure. More extreme storms
due to climate change could cause an increase in inland flooding, but as this is not a Region-wide
issue, it has been prioritized as low as the Workgroup felt that this issue could best be addressed
through local planning efforts.
Ecosystem/Habitat: Increased impacts to coastal species
Coastal dunes, wetlands, marshes and beaches provide unique habitats for the Region’s species.
Changes to temperature and precipitation have the potential to impact sensitive species. In
addition, brackish lagoons provide estuarine habitat that depends on seasonal freshwater flow
patterns. Habitat shifts and loss caused by climate change induced sea level rise, coastal erosion,
and changes to freshwater flow patterns could also impact coastal species. Because coastal species
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are already protected and because this is a localized issue, the Workgroup decided to classify it as
low priority.
Very Low Prioritization
Water Demand: Limited ability to meet summer demand
Increased seasonal temperatures associated with climate change may create a challenge for the
Region in meeting summer demands. However, as this is an issue mainly caused by agricultural and
urban irrigation, it is ranked low compared to other vulnerability issues.
Water Supply: Invasives can reduce supply available
Invasive species in the Region such as Arundo, Tamarisk and Quagga mussels have the potential to
damage water conveyance facilities. Climate change is expected to increase invasive species in the
region, which has the potential to impact water supplies in the future. However, this is not currently
an issues affecting the Region’s water supply infrastructure, and therefore is ranked very low.
Water Quality: Decrease in recreational opportunity
As previously discussed, climate change is expected to increase constituent concentrations in the
Region’s reservoirs and beaches, a number of which are frequently used for recreation. The
Regional already experiences beach closures due to poor stormwater quality which deposits
contaminants in near shore areas. A decrease in water quality could impact this beneficial use of
these water resources. However, because this is a localized issue, it is ranked very low.
Sea Level Rise: Decrease in land
Coastal erosion is already occurring in the Region along bluffs and cliffs. The continued rise of sea
level with climate change is expected to continue to erode land along the Region’s coast, and could
eventually begin to impact water and wastewater facilities near to the coast, but is a localized issue.
Sea Level Rise: Damage to ecosystem/habitat
As discussed under the vulnerability issue of increased impacts to coastal species, sea level rise can
be expected to damage coastal ecosystems and habitats. This may occur both through loss of land
and through alterations to freshwater flow patterns. Again though, this is a localized issue.
Ecosystem/habitat: Decrease in environmental flows
Aquatic and wetland species often depend upon a minimum flow to survive, and could be impacted
with a decrease in minimum flow caused by climate change. In addition, a reduction in flows may
increase constituent concentrations in the Region’s waters that could stress aquatic life. There are a
number of known water quality issues that have the potential to impact species should they worsen
in the future, however, there are currently no minimum environmental flows in the Region’s rivers
and streams,
Hydropower: Decrease in hydropower potential
The Region currently generates 40 megawatts of peak hydropower at the Olivenhain Reservoir and
additional hydropower at the Rancho Peñasquitos Pressure Control Hydroelectric Facility, and is
examining potential for construction of hydropower facilities elsewhere. Alterations to the Region’s
hydrology could decrease hydropower generation potential, however, hydropower generation
within the Region is not currently a major electricity source.
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Vulnerabilities Summary
As can be seen in the above discussion, the Region is faced with a wide range of climate change
vulnerability issues. Should the Region not implement strategies to adapt to these, it would face a
number of risks, such as:
x Insufficient water supply if current dependence on imported supply is maintained
x Inability to meet demand during droughts given increased overall seasonal demands
without increases in long-term operational storage
x Poorer water quality that further impacts beneficial uses and increases treatment needs
x Damage from increased flash flooding and inland flooding
x Coastal flooding and inundation of storm drains and sewer systems due to sea level rise
x Damage to coastal ecosystems and habitats, and associated impacts to sensitive species due
to reduced terrestrial flows and sea level rise
5 Climate Change Management Strategies
The next step in conducting the Region’s climate change analysis is to identify appropriate
strategies for adapting to the climate change vulnerability issues identified and prioritized in
Chapter 4. The strategies selected will help the region to respond to or prevent future impacts of
climate change on water resources. These strategies also have the potential to mitigate against
further climate change by reducing the energy used to treat or convey water supplies and reducing
GHG emissions, and some have the potential to provide carbon sequestration. This chapter details
how the Workgroup identified, evaluated and prioritized adaptation and mitigation strategies
relevant to the Region.
5.1 Identification of Strategies
Strategies were identified through the review of relevant climate change related documents. These
documents include:
x California Water Plan (DWR, 2009)
x Managing an Uncertain Future (DWR, 2008)
x Climate Change Scoping Plan (CARB, 2006)
x Climate Action Team Biennial Report (CalEPA, 2010)
x Resolution on Sea Level Rise (OPC, 2010)
x California Climate Extremes Workshop Report (Scripps, 2011)
The California Water Plan contains Resource Management Strategies (RMS) that provide the
primary list of strategies used for this Study. The remaining documents in the above list were
reviewed for additional and/or more detailed versions of the strategies. The Workgroup reviewed
the strategies from the above documents, and discussed them relative to each strategy’s potential
for addressing the vulnerability issues prioritized above and mitigating GHG emissions.
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5.2 Strategy Prioritization
A series of criteria were used by the Workgroup to refine and prioritize the list of strategies. The
Workgroup first determined which strategies may be infeasible or not currently relevant to the
Region at this time, or were determined not to be desired by the Region, and were not considered
further in the strategy identification process.
Following the acceptance screening process, the strategies were analyzed further by evaluating
each strategy according to the following questions:
x Is the strategy a “no regret” strategy?
x Does the strategy help to adapt to the vulnerability issues identified and evaluated in
Chapters 3 and 4 of this Study?
x Does the strategy help the Region to mitigate GHGs?
By definition, “no regret” strategies are those strategies that would provide benefits today while
also reducing vulnerability to climate change impacts. “No regret” strategies are desirable for
immediate implementation as they will provide some benefit even under the uncertainty of climate
change projections. The strategies were cross referenced with the vulnerability issues discussed in
Chapters 2 and 3 to determine the number and type of climate change vulnerabilities that can be
addressed. In addition, a strategy received a higher priority if it addresses vulnerability issues
vulnerable determined to be high priority. Finally, the strategies were evaluated to determine
whether they would mitigate GHG emissions through energy efficiency, emissions reduction,
and/or carbon sequestration. Appendix A shows the results of this evaluation.
Using this evaluation, an initial prioritization was completed based on the criteria shown in Table 5.
Table 5: Initial Strategy Prioritization Criteria
Tier Criteria
Tier 1
x Considered “no regret”
x Mitigates GHGs/is GHG neutral
x Addresses the imported water (very high) vulnerability
Tier 2
x Included in other local climate change documents
x Mitigates GHGs/is GHG neutral
x Addresses at least 3 vulnerability areas
Tier 3 x Addresses at least 1 vulnerability or mitigates GHGs
This initial prioritization was then presented to the Workgroup at the August 23, 2012 meeting
where the listing of strategies and prioritization were further refined to best represent the needs of
the Region. The final list of prioritized climate change management strategies and definitions is
shown in Table 6, Table 7 and
Table 8 as Tier 1, 2, and 3 strategies. Strategies that were not prioritized as they were determined
to be infeasible or irrelevant for the Region, or would have opposition, are shown Table 9. By
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prioritizing these strategies, the Region can better define the types of projects and targets that will
help respond to climate change.
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Table 6: Tier 1 Climate Change Management Strategies
Strategy Description
Reduce Water Demand
Urban water use efficiency Technological and behavioral improvements that decrease indoor and
outdoor residential, commercial, industrial and institutional water use.
Crop idling for water transfers Remove lands from irrigation (with the aim of returning the lands to irrigation
at a later time) in order to make water available for transfer.
Education Implement outreach program to educate urban and agricultural water users in
water demand reduction practices.
Gray water use Implement gray water use systems to reduce water supply demand.
Rainfed agriculture Transfer crop consumptive use to be supplied directly by rainfall.
Improve Operational Efficiency/Transfers
Conveyance - Regional/local
Improvements to regional and local conveyance facilities that improve
conveyance capacity, including locating and widening narrow points that
constrict the movement of water to increase the water transmission capacity
of the entire system, and improve operational flexibility.
System Reoperation
Change existing operation and management procedures for existing
reservoirs and conveyance facilities to increase water related benefits from
these facilities. May improve the efficiency of existing water uses or may
increase the emphasis of one use over another.
Increase Water Supply
Conjunctive Management &
Groundwater Storage
Coordinate and plan use and management of both surface and groundwater
resources to maximize the available and reliability of supplies.
Recycled Municipal Water Increase supply of recycled water through additional wastewater treatment,
and/or expand conveyance of recycled water to end users.
Improve Water Quality
Drinking Water Treatment and
Distribution
Develop and maintain adequate water treatment and distribution facilities, and
protect the quality and safety of the raw water supply.
Groundwater/Aquifer Remediation Remove contaminants that affect the beneficial use of groundwater. Can
include passive or active methods.
Pollution Prevention
Prevent pollution of local surface waters and groundwater using tools that
prevent point and non-point sources of pollution. Examples include water
management actions and projects such as the increase of local flows,
recharge area protection, etc.
Salt and Salinity Management
Manage salt and salinity in surface and/or groundwater. Examples of methods
include dilution and displacement, desalination, and salt collection and
storage. The Region is currently working to meet State Salinity/Nutrient
Management Planning Guidelines, and will help to implement this strategy.
Urban Runoff Management
Prevent pollution of local surface waters by implementing best management
practices (BMPs) designed to reduce the pollutant loading and reduce the
volumes and velocities of urban runoff discharged to surface waters.
Improve Flood Management
Flood Risk Management
Enhance flood protection through projects and programs that assist in the
management of flood flows and to prepare for, respond to, and recover from a
flood.
Practice Resource Stewardship
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Strategy Description
Agricultural Lands Stewardship
Conserve natural resources and protect the environment by conserving and
improving land for food, fiber and biofuels production, watershed functions,
soil, air, energy, plant and other conservation purposes. Can also protect
open space and the traditional characteristics of rural communities.
Economic Incentives (Loans,
Grants, Water Pricing)
Provide incentives such as financial assistance, water pricing, and water
market policies intended to influence water management in order to influence
amount of use, time of use, wastewater volume, and source of supply.
Ecosystem Restoration
Improve the condition of modified natural landscapes and biological
communities to provide for their sustainability and for their use and enjoyment
by current and future generations.
Land Use Planning and
Management
Integrate land use and water management for the planning of housing and
economic development needs of a growing population while providing for the
efficient use of water, water quality, energy and other resources.
Recharge area protection
Protect recharge areas to ensure that areas suitable for recharge continue to
be capable of adequate recharge rather than covered by urban infrastructure,
and prevent pollutants from entering groundwater.
Water-dependent recreation
protection
Incorporate planning for water-dependent recreation activities in water
project, and implement project that protect/create water-dependent recreation
opportunities.
Watershed/Soils/Forest
management
Create and implement plans, programs, projects and activities to restore,
sustain, and enhance watershed functions, soil functions, and forests.
Water-dependent cultural resources
and practices preservation
Create and implement plans, programs, projects and activities to preserve
water-dependent cultural resources and practices
Increase urban forest management Encourage the planting of trees in urban areas to improve urban water quality
and local supplies.
Sea Level Rise
Building water facilities in
coordination with land use/sea level
rise (SLR) planning
Integrate water/wastewater resources planning with land use/sea level rise
planning.
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Table 7: Tier 2 Climate Change Management Strategies
Strategy Description
Improve Operational Efficiency/Transfers
Conduct emissions inventory and
target
Create inventory of all emission coming from water/wastewater operations,
and develop a target for reduction of emissions.
Increase use of renewable energy
sources
Use renewable energy sources for the treatment and conveyance of water
and wastewater.
Increase Water Supply
Surface Storage - Regional/local Add or increase the storage capacity of surface storage reservoirs to increase
carryover storage and optimize supplies in drought situations.
Improve Flood Management
Protective Infrastructure Construct flood management facilities to reduce the impact of climate change
enhanced flooding.
Sediment Management Implement sediment management practices to reduce the impact of climate
change enhanced flash flooding.
Sea Level Rise
Protect water facilities through the
relocation or removal of vulnerable
structures
Relocate or remove water/wastewater facilities that may be impacted by sea
level rise.
Protect resources and facilities by
constructing seawalls or levees
Construct seawalls or levees to protect from sea level rise caused by climate
change.
Protect/restore/create coastal
wetlands
Protect, restore or create coastal wetlands to prevent the loss of wetland due
to sea level rise.
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Table 8: Tier 3 Climate Change Management Strategies
Strategy Description
Reduce Water Demand
Water Meters Installation Installation of water meters in order to bill customers volumetrically.
Improve Operational Efficiency/Transfers
Treatment and Distribution
Efficiency
Improve treatment and distribution efficiency or water/wastewater systems in
order to reduce energy usage.
Water Transfers Transfer or exchange of water or water rights that result in temporary or long-
term change in the point of diversion, place of use, or purpose of use.
Localized Treatment Implement localized (or decentralized) treatment of water/wastewater to
reduce the energy required for conveyance.
Shift water use to off-peak hours Implement policies that will shift water use (e.g. irrigation) to off-peak hours to
reduce evaporative loss.
Optimize Sewer Systems Optimize sewer systems (wastewater or stormwater) to adapt to increased
precipitation caused by climate change.
Increase Water Supply
Desalination (Seawater or Brackish
Groundwater) Construct desalination plant to treat seawater or brackish groundwater.
Indirect Potable Reuse/
Potable Reuse
Implement program that will use recycled water to recharge groundwater, or
use advanced treated recycled water to augment drinking water supplies.
Table 9: Additionally Reviewed Climate Change Management Strategies
Strategy
Reduce Water Demand
Irrigated Land Retirement
Improve Operational Efficiency/Transfers
Conveyance - Delta
Increase Water Supply
Waterbag Transport/Storage Technology
Precipitation Enhancement
Surface Storage – CALFED
Dewvaporation or Atmospheric Pressure Desalination
Fog Collection
Matching Quality to Use
Sea Level Rise
Rolling Easements
Expendable/Movable Structures in Risk Areas
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5.3 Performance Measures/Metrics for Adaptation and Mitigation
Strategies
The set of strategies evaluated in the previous section were determined to be those that will best
help the Region in responding to and reducing climate change impacts. When implementing these
strategies, it will be necessary to develop performance measures or metrics to assess the
effectiveness of a project in meeting the Region’s goals. Though specific measures and metrics will
be defined according a specific project or portfolio of projects, Table 10 provides examples of how
these measures or metrics might be defined according to general water resource perspective. It
should be noted that several of the strategies (the no regret strategies) may apply to additional
objectives in the Region’s IRWM Plan, and not solely to adapting to and/or mitigating climate
change. Without specific metrics, it would be difficult to assess the effectiveness of strategies in
responding to climate change. Moreover, some of the strategies implemented to adapt to climate
change are “good planning” for future vulnerabilities and may not be immediately measurable.
Many of the effects of climate change are anticipated past the planning horizon of the IRWM Plan.
To respond to this uncertainty, the Region should update this climate change analysis during each
IRWM Plan update, and implement adaptive management measures which will be discussed in the
next chapter.
Table 10: Sample Performance Measures/Metrics
Strategy Category Sample Performance Measures/Metrics
Reduce Water Demand x Average (annual) water demand reduction
x Peak (seasonal, monthly) water demand reduction
Improve Operational
Efficiency x Additional supply
x Supply reliability
Increase Water Supply x Additional supply
x Potable demand offset
x Supply reliability
Improve Water Quality
x Salt line migration
x Stream temperature
x Dissolved oxygen
x Turbidity
x Pollutant concentrations
Improve Flood
Management
x Acres of a certain habitat or floodplain function restored/protected
x Volume of natural flood storage provided
x Storm return period used for planning
x Expected damage resulting for a certain return period storm
Practice Resource
Stewardship
x Presence/absence of key indicator species
x Acres of a certain habitat or floodplain function restored/protected
x Volume of natural flood storage provided
x Acres of recharge area protected
Sea Level Rise x Acres of coastal wetlands created/restored/protected
x Miles of pipeline or number of facilities relocated away from coastlines
x Length of coastline protected by seawalls or levees
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6 Recommendations
The Region has taken the first steps in planning for climate change by examining current climate
change projections to determine potential impacts, assessing water resource vulnerabilities, and
developing a series of strategies that can be used in projects to adapt to climate change and mitigate
GHGs. Chapter 6 discussed recommendations that may be used to successfully implement these
strategies, including: use of adaptive management, objectives and targets for inclusion in the IRWM
Plan, and project selection considerations for including climate change.
6.1 Adaptive Management
There is a level of uncertainty in projecting the effects and impacts of climate change. To respond to
this, DWR recommends the use of adaptive management in implementing climate change strategies
(DWR, 2011). Adaptive management consists of identifying and monitoring the most important
uncertainties and translating them into risk triggers or early warning indicators. This allows for a
flexible path of actions to take as triggers occur. DWR’s Climate Change Handbook recommends the
following steps in developing an adaptive management plan:
1. Identify risk triggers associated with important vulnerabilities or uncertainties
2. Quantify impacts and uncertainties
3. Evaluate strategies and define flexible implementation paths of action that allows for
multiple options at specific triggers
4. Monitor performance and critical variables in the system
5. Implement or reevaluate strategies when triggers are reached
Under Step 1, the Region identifies risk triggers in order to monitor the Region’s response to
climate change. Risk triggers can be established deterministically (e.g., a threshold) or
probabilistically (e.g. frequency of exceedance). The quantification of risk triggers are developed in
Step 2, and serve as the basis for the definition of a path for plan implementation under Step 3.
Step 3 involves the definition of an implementation path for the evaluated strategies, and is central
to the adaptive management process. The implementation path incorporates risk triggers over the
course of time to allow the Region to determine what level of climate change adaptation/mitigation
strategy should be implemented. Step 4 of the process, performance monitoring, incorporates
performance measures and metrics used to evaluate water resources projects, and will help to
define whether a risk trigger has been reached. Step 4 leads into the final step of implementing or
reevaluating strategies, Step 5. The general structure of an adaptive management plan can be seen
in Figure 3.
The key to successfully implementing the adaptive management process over time is continued
active participation by stakeholders, and a clear understanding of project objectives. This should
involve ongoing identification, monitoring, and updating of the most important impacts and
uncertainties, and re-evaluation of the Region’s vulnerabilities (DWR, 2011).
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Figure 3: General Adaptive Management Plan
6.2 Climate Change Related Objectives and Targets
DWR requires that climate change be incorporated in the development of IRWM Plan objectives in
terms of both climate change adaptation and GHG mitigation (DWR, 2012b). The strategies
developed in Chapter 4 include both adaptation and mitigation, and therefore can be incorporated
into climate change related objectives and targets that will meet DWR’s requirement. The following
objective and targets are recommended for inclusion in the IRWM Plan:
Objective: Effectively address climate change through adaptation and mitigation in
water resource management.
Target 1: Encourage development of cost-effective carbon-efficient strategies for water
management projects.
Target 2: Incorporate adaptation strategies to respond to sea-level rise, rainfall variability,
and temperature variability in planning for water and wastewater management.
Target 3: Reduce or neutralize GHG emissions in all areas of water resource management.
6.3 Climate Change in Project Selection Considerations
In order for the Region to adapt to and mitigate against climate change, it will be necessary to
ensure that projects utilize strategies identified in this study as helping the Region to adapt to and
mitigate against climate change. It is recommended that the Region consider using the strategy
priority levels discussed in Chapter 5 to assess the adaptation capacity of the project, and also
consider whether the project helps the Region to mitigate GHGs. Oftentimes, a project that
implements multiple strategies has the potential to increase the level of benefits provided while
reducing the unit cost.
A recommended prioritization approach is presented in Table 11. In these prioritization criteria,
projects are given higher priority for utilizing Tier 1 strategies and lower priority for Tier 3
strategies. Additionally, projects that contribute to two or more GHG measures, including energy
efficiency, emissions reduction and carbon sequestration, are prioritized more highly. Projects that
1st Trigger
2ndTrigger
2ndTrigger
Implement no
regret strategies
Implement Tier 1
strategies
Implement partial
list of Tier 1
strategies
Yes
No
Yes
Yes
No
No
Implement Tier 2 and Tier
3 strategies
Implement Tier 2
strategies
Implement remaining Tier
1 and Tier 2 strategies
No further investments
needed, reassess at later
time
Timeline
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contribute to one of these mitigation measures receive higher prioritization, and projects that
would increase GHGs receive reduce prioritization. In the future, it is recommended that the Region
define a threshold for GHG production or remediation to be used in the prioritization of projects. A
worksheet to assist the Region in scoring projects according to the number of strategies utilized can
be found in Appendix B. In this way, the Region can ensure that projects will help it to both adapt to
climate change vulnerabilities of high concern, and will mitigate against climate change.
Table 11: Climate Change Project Prioritization Criteria
Adaptation Mitigation1 Priority
Tier 1 Strategy
Contributes to 2 out of 3 mitigation measures High
Contributes to 1 out of 3 mitigation measures High
Increases greenhouse gasses Medium or Low
Tier 2 Strategy
Contributes to 2 out of 3 mitigation measures High
Contributes to 1 out of 3 mitigation measures Medium
Increases greenhouse gasses Low
Tier 3 Strategy
Contributes to 2 out of 3 mitigation measures Medium
Contributes to 1 out of 3 mitigation measures Low
Increases greenhouse gasses Low
1. Mitigation measures referred to are: energy efficiency, emissions reduction, and carbon sequestration
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References
California Air Resources Board (CARB), 2006. Climate Change Scoping Plan.
CARB, 2013. 2008 to 2011 Emissions Trends, Mandatory Greenhouse Gas Emissions Reporting.
California Climate Action Team (CO-CAT), 2010. State of California Sea-Level Rise Interim Guidance
Document. Developed by the Sea-Level Rise Rask Force of the Coastal and Ocean Working
Group of the California Climate Action Team.
California Climate Change Center, 2009. Using Future Climate Projections to Support Water
Resources Decision Making in California. CEC-500-2009-052-F.
California Energy Commission (CEC), 2006. Refining Estimates of Water-Related Energy Use in
California. California Energy Commission, PIER Industrial/Agricultural/Water End Use
Energy Efficiency Program. CEC-500-2006-118.
California Environmental Protection Agency (CalEPA), 2010. Climate Action Team Biennial Report.
CEC, 2011. Energy Aware Planning Guide: Water Use Strategies.CEC-600-2009-013-F-VI-D.1.
Coastal Data Information Program , 2008. Sea Level Rise Maps Developed for the Focus 2050 Regional
Assessment.
http://www.sdfoundation.org/CivicLeadership/Programs/Environment/BlaskerRoseMiahf
orEnvironment/PublishedBlaskerResearch/SeaLevelRiseMaps.aspx
Cohen, Ronnie, 2007. “The Water-Energy Nexus”. Southwest Hydrology. September/October.
Department of Water Resources (DWR), 2012a. Management of the California State Water Project,
Bulletin 132-08. http://www.water.ca.gov/swpao/docs/bulletin/08/Bulletin132-08.pdf.
DWR, 2012b. Integrated Regional Water Management Proposition 84 & Proposition 1E Draft
Guidelines.
DWR, 2011. Climate Change Handbook for Regional Planning. Prepared for the US Environmental
Protection Agency Region 9 and California Department of Water Resources.
DWR, 2009. California Water Plan.
DWR, 2008. Managing an Uncertain Future: Climate Change Adaptation Strategies for California’s
Water.
Hoerling, M., et al., 2009. “Reconciling Projections of Colorado River Streamflow.” Southwest
Hydrology. May/June.
Ocean Protection Council (OPC), 2010. Resolution on Sea Level Rise.
San Diego County Water Authority (SDCWA), 2011. 2010 Urban Water Management Plan.
ICLEI-Local Governments, 2012. Sea Level Rise Adaptation Strategy for San Diego Bay. Prepared
with the support of The San Diego Foundation.
San Diego Foundation, 2008a. Regional Focus 2050 Study Summary. Summary prepared for the 2008
Climate Change Impacts Assessment, Second Biennial Science Report to the California
Climate Action Team.
San Diego Foundation, 2008b. Regional Focus 2050 Study Working Papers. Working papers
prepared for the 2008 Climate Change Impacts Assessment, Second Biennial Science Report
to the California Climate Action Team.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 254 of 652
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Scripps, 2011. California Climate Extremes Workshop Report.
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Appendix F – AWWA Water Audit
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Water Audit Report for:
Reporting Year:
All volumes to be entered as: ACRE-FEET PER YEAR
Master Meter and Supply Error Adjustments
WATER SUPPLIED Pcnt:Value:
Volume from own sources:n/a acre-ft/yr acre-ft/yr
Water imported:7 14,019.400 acre-ft/yr 10 acre-ft/yrWater exported:n/a acre-ft/yr acre-ft/yr
Enter negative % or value for under-registration
WATER SUPPLIED:14,030.050 acre-ft/yr Enter positive % or value for over-registration
.
AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION
Billed metered:9 13,389.600 acre-ft/yr
Billed unmetered:n/a 0.000 acre-ft/yr
Unbilled metered:n/a 0.000 acre-ft/yr Pcnt:Value:
Unbilled unmetered:5 35.075 acre-ft/yr 1.25%acre-ft/yr24061
AUTHORIZED CONSUMPTION:13,424.675 acre-ft/yr
WATER LOSSES (Water Supplied - Authorized Consumption)605.375 acre-ft/yr
Apparent Losses Pcnt:Value:
Unauthorized consumption:35.075 acre-ft/yr 0.25%acre-ft/yr
Customer metering inaccuracies:9 214.952 acre-ft/yr 1.58%acre-ft/yr
Systematic data handling errors:5 33.474 acre-ft/yr 0.25%acre-ft/yr
Apparent Losses:283.501 acre-ft/yr
Real Losses (Current Annual Real Losses or CARL)
Real Losses = Water Losses - Apparent Losses:321.874 acre-ft/yr
WATER LOSSES:605.375 acre-ft/yr
NON-REVENUE WATER
NON-REVENUE WATER:640.450 acre-ft/yr
= Water Losses + Unbilled Metered + Unbilled Unmetered
SYSTEM DATA
Length of mains:10 466.1 miles
Number of active AND inactive service connections:10 30,297
Service connection density:65 conn./mile main
Yes
Average length of customer service line:ft
Average operating pressure:5 78.0 psi
COST DATA
Total annual cost of operating water system:10 $41,608,496 $/Year
Customer retail unit cost (applied to Apparent Losses):9 $4.40
Variable production cost (applied to Real Losses):5 $1,305.30 $/acre-ft
WATER AUDIT DATA VALIDITY SCORE:
PRIORITY AREAS FOR ATTENTION:
1: Water imported
2: Variable production cost (applied to Real Losses)
3: Unauthorized consumption
Default option selected for Systematic data handling errors - a grading of 5 is applied but not displayed
Average length of customer service line has been set to zero and a data grading score of 10 has been applied
Are customer meters typically located at the curbstop or property line?
AWWA Free Water Audit Software:
Reporting Worksheet
35.075
2019 1/2019 - 12/2019
Carlsbad Municipal Water District (3710005)
<----------- Enter grading in column 'E' and 'J' ---------->
Based on the information provided, audit accuracy can be improved by addressing the following components:
$/100 cubic feet (ccf)
-10.650
Default option selected for unauthorized consumption - a grading of 5 is applied but not displayed
*** YOUR SCORE IS: 75 out of 100 ***
A weighted scale for the components of consumption and water loss is included in the calculation of the Water Audit Data Validity Score
?
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?
?
?Click to
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?
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Please enter data in the white cells below. Where available, metered values should be used; if metered values are unavailable please estimate a value. Indicate your confidence in the accuracy of the
?
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?
?
?
?
(length of service line, beyond the property boundary, that is the responsibility of the utility)
Use buttons to select
percentage of water supplied
OR
value
?Click here:
for help using option
?
?
?
?
+
+Click to add a
WAS
+
+
+
+
+
+
American Water Works Association.
?
?
?
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
+Use Customer Retail Unit Cost to value real losses
?
To select the correct data grading for each input, determine the highest grade where
AWWA Free Water Audit Software v5.0 Reporting Worksheet 1June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 257 of 652
Appendix G – SBx7-7 Verification and Compliance Forms
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SB X7-7 Table 0: Units of Measure Used in UWMP* (select
one from the drop down list)
Acre Feet
*The unit of measure must be consistent with Submittal Table 2-3
NOTES:
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 259 of 652
Parameter Value Units
2008 total water deliveries 24,460 Acre Feet
2008 total volume of delivered recycled water 3,877 Acre Feet
2008 recycled water as a percent of total deliveries 16%See Note 1
Number of years in baseline period1, 2 10 Years
Year beginning baseline period range 1999
Year ending baseline period range3 2008
Number of years in baseline period 5 Years
Year beginning baseline period range 2003
Year ending baseline period range4 2007
2 The Water Code requires that the baseline period is between 10 and 15 years. However, DWR recognizes that some water suppliers may not have the
minimum 10 years of baseline data.
SB X7-7 Table-1: Baseline Period Ranges
1 If the 2008 recycled water delivery is less than 10 percent of total water deliveries, then the 10-15year baseline period is a continuous 10-year period. If
the amount of recycled water delivered in 2008 is 10 percent or greater of total deliveries, the 10-15 year baseline period is a continuous 10- to 15-year
period.
3 The ending year for the 10-15 year baseline period must be between December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2010.
4 The ending year for the 5 year baseline period must be between December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2010.
5-year
baseline period
Baseline
10- to 15-year
baseline period
NOTES:
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 260 of 652
NOTES:
SB X7-7 Table 2: Method for Population Estimates
Method Used to Determine Population
(may check more than one)
1. Department of Finance (DOF) or American Community
Survey (ACS)
3. DWR Population Tool
4. Other
DWR recommends pre-review
2. Persons-per-Connection Method
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 261 of 652
Population
Year 1 1999 60,154
Year 2 2000 61,261
Year 3 2001 64,372
Year 4 2002 68,007
Year 5 2003 69,916
Year 6 2004 71,459
Year 7 2005 72,975
Year 8 2006 75,672
Year 9 2007 77,619
Year 10 2008 79,400
Year 11
Year 12
Year 13
Year 14
Year 15
Year 1 2003 69,916
Year 2 2004 71,459
Year 3 2005 72,975
Year 4 2006 75,672
Year 5 2007 77,619
SB X7-7 Table 3: Service Area Population
10 to 15 Year Baseline Population
5 Year Baseline Population
NOTES:
Year
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 262 of 652
Acre FeetExported Water Change in Dist. System Storage(+/-) Indirect Recycled WaterThis column will remain blank until SB X7-7 Table 4-B is completed. Water Delivered for Agricultural Use Process WaterThis column will remain blank until SB X7-7 Table 4-D is completed. Annual Gross Water Use Year 1199917,313 - - 17,313 Year 2 200019,952 - - 19,952 Year 3 200118,884 - - 18,884 Year 4 200220,586 - - 20,586 Year 5 200320,278 - - 20,278 Year 6 200421,222 - - 21,222 Year 7 200520,163 - - 20,163 Year 8 200621,206 - - 21,206 Year 9200722,099 - - 22,099 Year 10200821,187 - - 21,187 Year 110- - - - Year 120- - - - Year 130- - - - Year 140- - - - Year 150- - - - 20,289Year 1 2003 20,278 - - 20,278 Year 2 2004 21,222 - - 21,222 Year 3 2005 20,163 - - 20,163 Year 4 2006 21,206 - - 21,206 Year 5 2007 22,099 - - 22,099 20,994* Units of measure (AF, MG , or CCF) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP, as reported in Table 2-3.NOTES:SB X7-7 Table 4: Annual Gross Water Use * 10 to 15 Year Baseline - Gross Water Use 10 - 15 year baseline average gross water use 5 Year Baseline - Gross Water Use 5 year baseline average gross water useBaseline YearFm SB X7-7 Table 3Volume Into Distribution SystemThis column will remain blank until SB X7-7 Table 4-A is completed. DeductionsJune 8, 2021Item #12 Page 263 of 652
Volume Entering
Distribution
System1
Meter Error
Adjustment 2
Optional
(+/-)
Corrected
Volume Entering
Distribution
System
Year 1 1999 17,313 17,313
Year 2 2000 19,952 19,952
Year 3 2001 18,884 18,884
Year 4 2002 20,586 20,586
Year 5 2003 20,278 20,278
Year 6 2004 21,222 21,222
Year 7 2005 20,163 20,163
Year 8 2006 21,206 21,206
Year 9 2007 22,099 22,099
Year 10 2008 21,187 21,187
Year 11 0 -
Year 12 0 -
Year 13 0 -
Year 14 0 -
Year 15 0 -
Year 1 2003 20,278 20,278
Year 2 2004 21,222 21,222
Year 3 2005 20,163 20,163
Year 4 2006 21,206 21,206
Year 5 2007 22,099 22,099
SB X7-7 Table 4-A: Volume Entering the Distribution System(s)
Complete one table for each source.
10 to 15 Year Baseline - Water into Distribution System
5 Year Baseline - Water into Distribution System
Name of Source
Baseline Year
Fm SB X7-7 Table 3
1 Units of measure (AF, MG , or CCF) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP, as
reported in Table 2-3.
2 Meter Error Adjustment - See guidance in Methodology 1, Step 3 of Methodologies Document
NOTES:
This water source is:
The supplier's own water source
A purchased or imported source
SDCWA
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 264 of 652
Volume Entering
Distribution
System 1
Meter Error
Adjustment 2
Optional
(+/-)
Corrected
Volume Entering
Distribution
System
Year 1 1999 0
Year 2 2000 0
Year 3 2001 0
Year 4 2002 0
Year 5 2003 0
Year 6 2004 0
Year 7 2005 0
Year 8 2006 0
Year 9 2007 0
Year 10 2008 0
Year 11 0 0
Year 12 0 0
Year 13 0 0
Year 14 0 0
Year 15 0 0
Year 1 2003 0
Year 2 2004 0
Year 3 2005 0
Year 4 2006 0
Year 5 2007 0
NOTES:
This water source is:
The supplier's own water source
A purchased or imported source
10 to 15 Year Baseline - Water into Distribution System
5 Year Baseline - Water into Distribution System
1 Units of measure (AF, MG , or CCF) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP, as
reported in Table 2-3.
2 Meter Error Adjustment - See guidance in Methodology 1, Step 3 of Methodologies Document
Name of Source Desalinated Seawater
SB X7-7 Table 4-A: Volume Entering the Distribution System(s)
Complete one table for each source.
Baseline Year
Fm SB X7-7 Table 3
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 265 of 652
Service Area
Population
Fm SB X7-7
Table 3
Annual Gross
Water Use
Fm SB X7-7
Table 4
Daily Per
Capita Water
Use (GPCD)
Year 1 1999 60,154 17,313 257
Year 2 2000 61,261 19,952 291
Year 3 2001 64,372 18,884 262
Year 4 2002 68,007 20,586 270
Year 5 2003 69,916 20,278 259
Year 6 2004 71,459 21,222 265
Year 7 2005 72,975 20,163 247
Year 8 2006 75,672 21,206 250
Year 9 2007 77,619 22,099 254
Year 10 2008 79,400 21,187 238
Year 11 0 - -
Year 12 0 - -
Year 13 0 - -
Year 14 0 - -
Year 15 0 - -
259
Service Area
Population
Fm SB X7-7
Table 3
Gross Water Use
Fm SB X7-7
Table 4
Daily Per
Capita Water
Use
Year 1 2003 69,916 20,278 259
Year 2 2004 71,459 21,222 265
Year 3 2005 72,975 20,163 247
Year 4 2006 75,672 21,206 250
Year 5 2007 77,619 22,099 254
255
NOTES:
5 Year Average Baseline GPCD
Baseline Year
Fm SB X7-7 Table 3
SB X7-7 Table 5: Baseline Gallons Per Capita Per Day (GPCD)
Baseline Year
Fm SB X7-7 Table 3
10 to 15 Year Baseline GPCD
10-15 Year Average Baseline GPCD
5 Year Baseline GPCD
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 266 of 652
259
255
SB X7-7 Table 6: Baseline GPCD Summary
From Table SB X7-7 Table 5
10-15 Year Baseline GPCD
5 Year Baseline GPCD
NOTES:
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 267 of 652
Supporting Tables
Method 1 SB X7-7 Table 7A
Method 2 SB X7-7 Tables 7B, 7C, and 7D
Method 3 SB X7-7 Table 7-E
Method 4
Method 4 Calculator Located
in the WUE Data Portal at
wuedata.water.ca.gov Resources
button
SB X7-7 Table 7: 2020 Target Method
Select Only One
Target Method
NOTES:
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 268 of 652
10-15 Year Baseline
GPCD
2020 Target
GPCD
259 207
SB X7-7 Table 7-A: Target Method 1
20% Reduction
NOTES:
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 269 of 652
Prorated 2020
Target
Population
Weighted
Average
2020 Target
255 242 207 207
SB X7-7 Table 7-F: Confirm Minimum Reduction for 2020 Target
NOTES:
1 Maximum 2020 Target is 95% of the 5 Year Baseline GPCD except for suppliers at or below 100 GPCD.
2 Calculated 2020 Target is the target calculated by the Supplier based on the selected Target Method, see SB X7-7 Table 7 and
corresponding tables for agency's calculated target. Supplier may only enter one calculated target.
3 Prorated targets and population weighted target are allowed for special situations only. These situations are described in
Appendix P, Section P.3 4
Confirmed Target is the lesser of the Calculated 2020 Target (C5, D5, or E5) or the Maximum 2020 Target (Cell B5)
Maximum 2020
Target1
5 Year
Baseline GPCD
From SB X7-7
Table 5
Calculated
2020 Target 2
Special Situations3 Confirmed 2020
Target4
As calculated by
supplier in this
SB X7-7
Verification
Form
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 270 of 652
SB X7-7 Table 0: Units of Measure Used in 2020 UWMP*
(select one from the drop down list)
Acre Feet
*The unit of measure must be consistent throughout the UWMP, as
reported in Submittal Table 2-3.
NOTES:
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 271 of 652
NOTES:
SB X7-7 Table 2: Method for 2020 Population Estimate
Method Used to Determine 2020 Population
(may check more than one)
1. Department of Finance (DOF) or
American Community Survey (ACS)
3. DWR Population Tool
4. Other
DWR recommends pre-review
2. Persons-per-Connection Method
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 272 of 652
91,694 2020
SB X7-7 Table 3: 2020 Service Area Population
2020 Compliance Year Population
NOTES:
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 273 of 652
Exported
Water *
Change in
Dist. System
Storage*
(+/-)
Indirect
Recycled
Water
This column will
remain blank
until SB X7-7
Table 4-B is
completed.
Water
Delivered
for
Agricultural
Use*
Process Water
This column will
remain blank
until SB X7-7
Table 4-D is
completed.
13,929 - 163 - 13,766
NOTES:
SB X7-7 Table 4: 2020 Gross Water Use
2020 Volume
Into
Distribution
System
This column will
remain blank until
SB X7-7 Table 4-A
is completed.
2020 Gross Water
Use
2020 Deductions
* Units of measure (AF, MG , or CCF) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP, as reported in SB X7-7 Table 0 and
Submittal Table 2-3.
Compliance
Year 2020
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 274 of 652
Volume Entering
Distribution System 1
Meter Error
Adjustment 2
Optional
(+/-)
Corrected Volume
Entering
Distribution System
11,429 - 11,429
Volume Entering
Distribution System 1
Meter Error
Adjustment 2
Optional
(+/-)
Corrected Volume
Entering
Distribution System
2,500 2,500
This water source is (check one):
The supplier's own water source
NOTES:
SB X7-7 Table 4-A: 2020 Volume Entering the Distribution System(s), Meter
Error Adjustment
Complete one table for each source.
Name of Source Desalinated Seawater
Name of Source
SB X7-7 Table 4-A: 2020 Volume Entering the Distribution System(s) Meter
Error Adjustment
Complete one table for each source.
1 Units of measure (AF, MG , or CCF) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP, as reported in SB
X7-7 Table 0 and Submittal Table 2-3. 2 Meter
Error Adjustment - See guidance in Methodology 1, Step 3 of Methodologies Document
NOTES
This water source is (check one):
The supplier's own water source
A purchased or imported source
SDCWA
Compliance Year
2020
A purchased or imported source
1 Units of measure (AF, MG , or CCF) must remain consistent throughout the UWMP, as reported in SB
X7-7 Table 0 and Submittal Table 2-3. 2 Meter Error
Adjustment - See guidance in Methodology 1, Step 3 of Methodologies Document
Compliance Year
2020
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 275 of 652
2020 Gross Water
Fm SB X7-7 Table 4
2020 Population Fm
SB X7-7 Table 3 2020 GPCD
13,766 91,694 134
SB X7-7 Table 5: 2020 Gallons Per Capita Per Day
(GPCD)
NOTES:
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 276 of 652
Extraordinary
Events1
Weather
Normalization1
Economic
Adjustment1
134 - - - - 134 207 YES
NOTES:
1 All values are reported in GPCD
2 2020 Confirmed Target GPCD is taken from the Supplier's SB X7-7 Verification Form Table SB X7-7, 7-F.
SB X7-7 Table 9: 2020 Compliance
Optional Adjustments to 2020 GPCD Did Supplier
Achieve
Targeted
Reduction for
2020?
Actual 2020
GPCD1
2020 Confirmed
Target GPCD 1, 2TOTAL
Adjustments1
Adjusted 2020
GPCD 1
(Adjusted if
applicable)
Enter "0" if Adjustment Not Used
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 277 of 652
Appendix H – Energy Intensity Tables
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 278 of 652
Urban Water Supplier:
Water Delivery Product (If delivering more than one type of product use Table O-1C)
Retail Potable Deliveries
Table O-1A: Recommended Energy Reporting - Water Supply Process Approach
Enter Start Date for
Reporting Period 1/1/2020
End Date 12/31/2020
Water Volume
Units Used
Extract and
Divert
Place into
Storage Conveyance Treatment Distribution
Total
Utility Hydropower Net Utility
Volume of Water Entering Process AF 13,170 331 0 0 13,170 13170 4,952 13170
Energy Consumed (kWh) N/A -325,608 0 0 0 0 -325608 -325608
Energy Intensity (kWh/vol.) N/A -24.7 0.0 0.0 0.0 0.0 -24.7 0.0 -24.7
Quantity of Self-Generated Renewable Energy
0 kWh
Data Quality (Estimate, Metered Data, Combination of Estimates and Metered Data)
Metered Data
Data Quality Narrative:
Narrative:
CMWD water management processes which require energy are chorination equipment, pumping, and SCADA monitoring equipment. CMWD utilizes hydropower generated
from the pressure difference of purchased SDCWA water and CMWD operational pressures. Only one of the four SDCWA connections has hydropower generation.
Carlsbad MWD
Urban Water Supplier Operational Control
Water Management Process
Volume of water entering process is derived from SDCWA invoices for the amount of water purchased. Energy consumed is derived from SDG&E bills documenting the
amount of power needed to serve CMWD equipment.
Is upstream embedded in the values reported?
Non-Consequential
Hydropower (if
applicable)
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 279 of 652
Urban Water Supplier:
Enter Start Date for Reporting Period 1/9/2020
End Date 1/1/2021
Is upstream embedded in the values reported?
Volume of Water Units Used
Volume of Wastewater Entering Process (volume units selected above)7630 0 0 0
Wastewater Energy Consumed (kWh)1187352 0 0 1187352
Wastewater Energy Intensity (kWh/volume)155.6 0.0 0.0 0.0
Volume of Recycled Water Entering Process (volume units selected above)0 3029 3764 3764
Recycled Water Energy Consumed (kWh)0 895619 11159 906778
Recycled Water Energy Intensity (kWh/volume)0.0 295.7 3.0 240.9
Quantity of Self-Generated Renewable Energy related to recycled water and wastewater operations
0 kWh
Data Quality (Estimate, Metered Data, Combination of Estimates and Metered Data)
Metered Data
Data Quality Narrative:
Narrative:
Energy is needed in recycled water and wastewater processes primarily to pump water and SCADA monitoring. Waste water flows approximated from
annual data in the 2019 sewer master plan.
Carlsbad MWD
Table O-2: Recommended Energy Reporting - Wastewater & Recycled Water
Urban Water Supplier Operational Control
Water Management Process
Energy consumed is derived from SDG&E bills documenting the amount of power needed to serve City of Carlsbad wastewater equipment
Collection /
Conveyance Treatment Discharge /
Distribution Total
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 280 of 652
Appendix I – CMWD Drought Ordinance No. 44 and 46
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 281 of 652
1
ORDINANCE NO. 44
2
AN ORDINANCE OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE
3 CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT ADOPTING A
DROUGHT RESPONSE PLAN AND WATER CONSERVATION
4 PROGRAM AND REPEALING ORDINANCE NO 35
5
WHEREAS, article 10, section 2 of the California Constitution declares that waters of the
6 State are to be put to beneficial use, that waste, unreasonable use, or unreasonable method of
use of water be prevented, and that water be conserved for the public welfare; and
Q
WHEREAS, conservation of current water supplies and minimization of the effects of
Q
water supply shortages that are the result of drought are essential to the public health, safety
10 and welfare; and
11 WHEREAS, regulation of the time of certain water use, manner of certain water use,
12 design of rates, method of application of water for certain uses, installation and use of water-
13 saving devices, provide an effective and immediately available means of conserving water; and
14 WHEREAS, California Water Code sections 375 et seq. authorize water suppliers to
15 adopt and enforce a comprehensive water conservation program; and
16 WHEREAS, adoption and enforcement of a comprehensive water conservation program
17 will allow the Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD) to delay or avoid implementing
18 measures such as water rationing or more restrictive water use regulations pursuant to a
ig declared water shortage emergency as authorized by California Water Code sections 350 et
2Q seq.; and
21 WHEREAS, San Diego County is a semi-arid region and local water resources are
22 scarce. The region is dependent upon imported water supplies provided by the San Diego
County Water Authority, which obtains a substantial portion of its supplies from the Metropolitan
^O
Water District of Southern California. Because the region is dependent upon imported water24
supplies, weather and other conditions in other portions of this State and of the Southwestern
^O
United States affect the availability of water for use in San Diego County; and
26
WHEREAS, the San Diego County Water Authority has adopted an Urban Water
27
Management Plan that includes water conservation as a necessary and effective component of
28
n
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 282 of 652
the Water Authority's programs to provide a reliable supply of water to meet the needs of the
o Water Authority's 24 member public agencies, including the CMWD. The Water Authority's
o
Urban Water Management Plan also includes a contingency analysis of actions to be taken in
4 response to water supply shortages. This ordinance is consistent with the Water Authority's
^ Urban Water Management Plan; and
6 WHEREAS, as anticipated by its Urban Water Management Plan, the San Diego County
7 Water Authority, in cooperation and consultation with its member public agencies, has adopted
8 a Drought Management Plan, which establishes a progressive program for responding to water
9 supply limitations resulting from drought conditions. This ordinance is intended to be consistent
10 with and to implement the Water Authority's Drought Management Plan; and
11 WHEREAS, the Water Authority's Drought Management Plan contains three stages
12 containing regional actions to be taken to lessen or avoid supply shortages. This ordinance
13 contains drought response levels that correspond with the Drought Management Plan stages;
14 and
15 WHEREAS, the CMWD, due to the geographic and climatic conditions within its territory
16 and its dependence upon water imported and provided by the San Diego County Water
Authority, may experience shortages due to drought conditions, regulatory restrictions enacted
upon imported supplies and other factors. The Board of Directors of CMWD has adopted an18
Urban Water Management Plan that includes water conservation as a necessary and effective
component of its programs to provide a reliable supply of water to meet the needs of the public
20
within its service territory. The CMWD's Urban Water Management Plan also includes a
21
contingency analysis of actions to be taken in response to water supply shortages. This
22
ordinance is consistent with the Urban Water Management Plan adopted by the Board of
23
Directors of CMWD; and
24
WHEREAS the water conservation measures and progressive restrictions on water use
25 and method of use identified by this ordinance provide certainty to water users and enable
26 CMWD to control water use, provide water supplies, and plan and implement water
27 management measures in a fair and orderly manner for the benefit of the public;
28
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 283 of 652
1 NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Board of Directors of the Carlsbad
2 Municipal Water District of the City of Carlsbad, California, as follows:
3 1. That the above recitations are true and correct.
4
2. The Board of Directors of the Carlsbad Municipal Water District of the City of
Carlsbad, California, hereby ordains as follows:
6 SECTION 1.0 DECLARATION OF NECESSITY AND INTENT
(a) This ordinance establishes water management requirements necessary to conserve water,
o enable effective water supply planning, assure reasonable and beneficial use of water, prevent
waste of water, prevent unreasonable use of water, prevent unreasonable method of use of
g water within the CMWD in order to assure adequate supplies of water to meet the needs of the
public, and further the public health, safety, and welfare, recognizing that water is a scarce
10 natural resource that requires careful management not only in times of drought, but at all times.
11 (b) This ordinance establishes regulations to be implemented during times of declared water
shortages, or declared water shortage emergencies. It establishes four levels of drought
12 response actions to be implemented in times of shortage, with increasing restrictions on water
use in response to worsening drought conditions and decreasing available supplies.
13 (c) Level 1 condition drought response measures are voluntary and will be reinforced through
14 local and regional public education and awareness measures that may be funded in part by
CMWD.
15
(d) During drought response condition Levels 2 through 4, all conservation measures and
16 water-use restrictions are mandatory and become increasingly restrictive in order to attain
escalating conservation goals.
17
SECTION 2.0 DEFINITIONS
18
(a) The following words and phrases whenever used in this chapter shall have the meaning
19 defined in this section:
20 1. "Grower" refers to those engaged in the growing or raising, in conformity with recognized
practices of husbandry, for the purpose of commerce, trade, or industry, or for use by public
21 educational or correctional institutions, of agricultural, horticultural or floricultural products,
and produced: (1) for human consumption or for the market, or (2) for the feeding of fowl or
22 livestock produced for human consumption or for the market, or (3) for the feeding of fowl or
livestock for the purpose of obtaining their products for human consumption or for the
23 market. "Grower" does not refer to customers who purchase water subject to the
Metropolitan Interim Agricultural Water Program or the Water Authority Special Agricultural
24 Rate programs.
25 2. "Water Authority" or "CWA" means the San Diego County Water Authority.
26 3. "DMP" means the Water Authority's Drought Management Plan in existence on the
effective date of this ordinance and as readopted or amended from time to time, or an
27 equivalent plan of the Water Authority to manage or allocate supplies during shortages.
28
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 284 of 652
1
4. "Metropolitan" or "MWD" means the Metropolitan Water District of Southern California.
2
5. "Person" means any natural person, corporation, public or private entity, public or private
3 association, public or private agency, government agency or institution, school district,
college, university, or any other user of water provided by the CMWD.
4
6. "District" or "CMWD" means the Carlsbad Municipal Water District.
5
SECTION 3.0 WATER WASTE PROHIBITIONS
6
The following water conservation measures will be in effect at all times:
7
1. Washing down impervious surfaces, including but not limited to sidewalks, driveways,
8 parking lots, tennis courts, or patios with water from a pressurized source, such as a garden
hose, except when it is necessary to alleviate safety or sanitation hazards. When used in
9 this section impervious surface means any surface covered with non-porous material.
10 2. Water waste resulting from inefficient landscape irrigation, such as runoff, low head
drainage, or overspray, etc. is prohibited. Water flows onto non-targeted areas, such as
11 adjacent property, non-irrigated areas, hardscapes, roadways, or structures is prohibited.
12 3. Use a hand-held hose equipped with a positive shut-off nozzle or bucket to water
landscaped areas, including trees and shrubs located on residential and commercial
13 properties that are not irrigated by a landscape irrigation system.
14 4. Use re-circulated water to operate ornamental fountains.
15 5. Wash vehicles using a bucket and a hand-held hose with positive shut-off nozzle or a
mobile high pressure/low volume wash system.
6. Serve and refill water in restaurants and other food service establishments only upon
request.
-10
7. Offer guests in hotels, motels, and other commercial lodging establishments the option of
not laundering towels and linens daily.
8. Use recycled or non-potable water for construction purposes when available.
21 9. Single pass-through cooling systems as part of new water service connections will be
prohibited. Non-recirculating systems in all new conveyer car wash and commercial laundry
22 systems will also be prohibited.
23 10. The excess use, loss or escape of water through breaks, leaks or other, malfunctions in
the water user's plumbing or distribution system for any period of time after such escape of
24 water could have reasonably been discovered and corrected.
25 SECTION 4.0 APPLICATION
26 (a) The provisions of this ordinance apply to any person in the use of any water provided by the
CMWD.
27 (b) This ordinance is intended solely to further the conservation of water. It is not intended to
28June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 285 of 652
1 implement any provision of federal, State, or local statutes, ordinances, or regulations relating to
protection of water quality or control of drainage or runoff. Refer to the local jurisdiction or
2 Regional Water Quality Control Board for information on any stormwater ordinances and
stormwater management plans.
3
(c) Nothing in this ordinance is intended to affect or limit the ability of the CMWD to declare and
4 respond to an emergency, including an emergency that affects the ability of the CMWD to
supply water.
5
(d) The provisions of this ordinance do not apply to use of water from private wells or to recycled
6 water.
7 (e) Nothing in this ordinance shall apply to use of water that is subject to a special supply
program, such as the Metropolitan Interim Agricultural Water Program or the Water Authority
8 Special Agricultural Rate programs. Violations of the conditions of special supply programs are
subject to the penalties established under the applicable program. A person using water subject
9 to a special supply program and other water provided by the CMWD is subject to this ordinance
in the use of the other water.
10
SECTION 5.0 AUTHORIZATION
11
The District General Manager, or a designated representative, is hereby authorized and directed
12 to implement the provisions of this ordinance.
13 SECTION 6.0 DROUGHT RESPONSE LEVEL 1 - DROUGHT WATCH CONDITION
14 (a) A Drought Response Level 1 condition is also referred to as a "Drought Watch" condition. A
Level 1 condition may apply when the Water Authority notifies its member agencies that due to
15 drought or other supply reductions, there is a reasonable probability there will be supply
shortages and that a consumer demand reduction of up to 10 percent is required in order to
16 ensure that sufficient supplies will be available to meet anticipated demands. The Executive
Manager upon recommendation of the General Manager shall declare the existence of a
17 Drought Response Level 1 and take action to implement the Level 1 conservation practices
identified in this ordinance.18
(b) During a Level 1 Drought Watch condition, CMWD will increase its public education and
outreach efforts to emphasize increased public awareness of the need to implement the
following water conservation practices.
1. Irrigate residential and commercial landscape before 10 a.m. and after 6 p.m. only.
22 2. Irrigate nursery and commercial grower's products before 10 a.m. and after 6 p.m. only.
Watering is permitted at any time with a hand-held hose equipped with a positive shut-off
23 nozzle, a bucket, or when a drip/micro-irrigation system/equipment is used. Irrigation of
nursery propagation beds is permitted at any time. Watering of livestock is permitted at any
24 time.
3. Repair all water leaks within five (5) days of notification by the CMWD unless other
25 arrangements are made with the General Manager or Designee.
26 SECTION 7.0 DROUGHT RESPONSE LEVEL 2-DROUGHT ALERT CONDITION
27 (a) A Drought Response Level 2 condition is also referred to as a "Drought Alert" condition. A
Level 2 condition may apply when the Water Authority notifies its member agencies that due to
28
(n
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 286 of 652
1 cutbacks caused by drought or other reduction in supplies, a consumer demand reduction of up
to 20 percent is required in order to have sufficient supplies available to meet anticipated
2 demands. The CMWD Board of Directors shall declare the existence of a Drought Response
Level 2 condition and implement the mandatory Level 2 conservation measures identified in this
3 ordinance.
4 (b) All persons using CMWD water shall comply with Level 1 Drought Watch water conservation
practices during a Level 2 Drought Alert, and shall also comply with the following additional
5 conservation measures:
6 1. Limit residential and commercial landscape irrigation to no more than three (3) assigned
days per week on a schedule established by the General Manager and posted by the
7 CMWD. During the months of November through May, landscape irrigation is limited to no
more than once per week on a schedule established by the General Manager and posted by
8 the CMWD. This section shall not apply to commercial growers or nurseries.
9 2. Limit lawn watering and landscape irrigation using sprinklers to no more than ten (10)
minutes per watering station per assigned day. This provision does not apply to landscape
10 irrigation systems using water efficient devices, including but not limited to: weather based
controllers, drip/micro-irrigation systems and stream rotor sprinklers.
3. Water landscaped areas, including trees and shrubs located on residential and
12 commercial properties, and not irrigated by a landscape irrigation system governed by
section 5 (b) (1), on the same schedule set forth in section 5 (b) (1) by using a bucket, hand-
13 held hose with positive shut-off nozzle, or low-volume non-spray irrigation.
14 4. Repair all leaks within seventy-two (72) hours of notification by the CMWD unless other
arrangements are made with the General Manager or Designee.
IO
5. Stop operating ornamental fountains or similar decorative water features unless recycled
'° water is used.
17 SECTION 8.0 DROUGHT RESPONSE LEVEL 3 - DROUGHT CRITICAL CONDITION
HO (a) A Drought Response Level 3 condition is also referred to as a "Drought Critical" condition. A
Level 3 condition may apply when the Water Authority notifies its member agencies that due to
increasing cutbacks caused by drought or other reduction of supplies, a consumer demand
2Q reduction of up to 40 percent is required in order to have sufficient supplies available to meet
anticipated demands. The CMWD Board of Directors shall declare the existence of a Drought
?1 Response Level 3 condition and implement the Level 3 conservation measures identified in this
ordinance.
22 (b) All persons using CMWD water shall comply with Level 1 Drought Watch and Level 2
23 Drought Alert water conservation practices during a Level 3 Drought Critical condition and shall
also comply with the following additional mandatory conservation measures:
24 1. Limit residential and commercial landscape irrigation to no more than two (2) assigned
25 days per week on a schedule established by the General Manager and posted by the
CMWD. During the months of November through May, landscape irrigation is limited to no
26 more than once per week on a schedule established by the General Manager and posted by
the CMWD.
27
28June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 287 of 652
1 2. Limit lawn watering and landscape irrigation using sprinklers to no more than ten (10)
minutes per watering station per assigned day. This section shall not apply to commercial
2 growers or nurseries.
3 3. Water landscaped areas, including trees and shrubs located on residential and
commercial properties, and not irrigated by a landscape irrigation system governed by
4 section 6 (b) (1), on the same schedule set forth in section 6 (b) (1) by using a bucket, hand-
held hose with a positive shut-off nozzle, or low-volume non-spray irrigation.
5
4. Stop filling or re-filling ornamental lakes or ponds, except to the extent needed to sustain
6 aquatic life, provided that such animals are of significant value and have been actively
managed within the water feature prior to declaration of a drought response level under this
7 ordinance.
8 5. Stop washing vehicles except at commercial carwashes that re-circulate water, or by high
pressure/low volume wash systems.
9
6. Repair all leaks within forty-eight (48) hours of notification by the CMWD unless other
10 arrangements are made with the General Manager or Designee.
11 (c) Upon the declaration of a Drought Response Level 3 condition, no new potable water service
shall be provided, no new temporary meters or permanent meters shall be provided, and no
12 statements of immediate ability to serve or provide potable water service (such as, will serve
letters, certificates, or letters of availability) shall be issued, except under the following
circumstances:
1. A valid, unexpired building permit has been issued for the project; or
2. The project is necessary to protect the public's health, safety, and welfare; or
16 3. The applicant provides substantial evidence of an enforceable commitment that water
demands for the project will be offset prior to the provision of a new water meter(s).
This provision shall not be construed to preclude the resetting or turn-on of meters to provide
continuation of water service or to restore service that has been interrupted for a period of one
year or less,i y
(d) Upon the declaration of a Drought Response Level 3 condition, the Board of Directors of
CMWD will suspend consideration of annexations to its service area.
21 (e) The Board of Directors of CMWD may establish a water allocation for property served by
22 the CMWD taking into consideration a method that does not penalize persons for the
implementation of conservation methods or the installation of water saving devices. If the Board
of Directors of CMWD establishes a water allocation notice of the allocation shall be provided by
including it in the regular billing statement for the fee or charge or by any other mailing to the
address to which the CMWD customarily mails the billing statement for fees or charges for on-
going water service. Following the effective date of the water allocation as established by the
25 Board of Directors of CMWD, any person that uses water in excess of the allocation shall be
subject to a penalty in the amount equal to the penalty rate established by the Metropolitan
26 Water District for each billing unit of water in excess of the allocation. The penalty for excess
water usage shall be cumulative to any other remedy or penalty that may be imposed for
27 violation of this ordinance.
28June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 288 of 652
1 SECTION 9.0 DROUGHT RESPONSE LEVEL 4 - DROUGHT EMERGENCY
CONDITION
2
(a) A Drought Response Level 4 condition is also referred to as a "Drought Emergency"
3 condition. A Level 4 condition may apply when the Water Authority Board of Directors declares
a water shortage emergency pursuant to California Water Code section 350 and notifies its
4 member agencies that Level 4 requires a demand reduction of more than 40 percent in order for
the CMWD to have maximum supplies available to meet anticipated demands. The CMWD
5 Board of Directors shall declare a Drought Emergency in the manner and on the grounds
provided in California Water Code section 350.
6
(b) All persons using CMWD water shall comply with conservation measures required during
7 Level 1 Drought Watch, Level 2 Drought Alert, and Level 3 Drought Critical conditions and shall
also comply with the following additional mandatory conservation measures:
8
1. Stop all landscape irrigation, except crops and landscape products of commercial growers
9 and nurseries. This restriction shall not apply to the following categories of use unless the
CMWD has determined that recycled water is available and may be lawfully applied to the
10 use.
1 1 A. Maintenance of trees and shrubs that are watered on the same schedule set forth in
section 6 (b) (1) by using a bucket, hand-held hose with a positive shut-off nozzle, or
12 low-volume non-spray irrigation;
1 3 B. Maintenance of existing landscaping necessary for fire protection as specified by the
Fire Marshal of the local fire protection agency having jurisdiction over the property to be
irrigated;
15 C. Maintenance of existing landscaping for erosion control;
D. Maintenance of plant materials identified to be rare or essential to the well being of
rare animals;17
E. Maintenance of landscaping within active public parks and playing fields, day care
centers, school grounds, cemeteries, and golf course greens, provided that such
irrigation does not exceed two (2) days per week according to the schedule established
under section 6 (b) (1 );
20 F. Watering of livestock; and
21 G. Public works projects and actively irrigated environmental mitigation projects.
22 2. Repair all water leaks within twenty-four (24) hours of notification by the CMWD unless
other arrangements are made with the General Manager or Designee.
24 3. The District may install a flow restricting device for services of up to one and one-half
inch (1-1/2") size and comparatively sized restrictors for larger services upon a prior
determination that the customer has repeatedly violated the provisions of this Ordinance and
that such action is reasonably necessary to assure compliance with this ordinance.
26 Any willful tampering with or removal of any flow restriction devise may result in termination
27 of service for a period to be determined in writing by the General Manager.
28 qJune 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 289 of 652
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Prior to any restoration of service, the customer may pay all District charges for any
restriction of service and its restoration as provided for in the District's rules governing water
service.
(c) The CMWD may establish a water allocation for property served by the CMWD. If the
CMWD establishes a water allocation it shall provide notice of the allocation by including it in the
regular billing statement for the fee or charge or by any other mailing to the address to which the
CMWD customarily mails the billing statement for fees or charges for on-going water service.
Following the effective date of the water allocation as established by the CMWD, any person
that uses water in excess of the allocation shall be subject to a penalty in the amount equal to
the penalty rate established by the Metropolitan Water District for each billing unit of water in
excess of the allocation. The penalty for excess water usage shall be cumulative to any other
remedy or penalty that may be imposed for violation of this ordinance.
SECTION 10.0 CORRELATION BETWEEN DROUGHT MANAGEMENT PLAN AND
DROUGHT RESPONSE LEVELS
(a) The correlation between the Water Authority's DMP stages and the CMWD's drought
response levels identified in this ordinance is described herein. Under DMP Stage 1, the
CMWD may implement Drought Response Level 1 actions. Under DMP Stage 2, the CMWD
may implement Drought Response Level 1 or Level 2 actions. Under DMP Stage 3, the CMWD
may implement Drought Response Level 2, Level 3, or Level 4 actions.
(b) The drought response levels identified in this ordinance correspond with the Water Authority
DMP as identified in the following table:
Drought Response
Levels
1 - Drought Watch
2 - Drought Alert
3 - Drought Critical
4 - Drought Emergency
Use
Restrictions
Voluntary
Mandatory
Mandatory
Mandatory
Conservation
Target
Up to 10%
Up to 20%
Up to 40%
Above 40%
DMP
Stage
Stage 1 or
2
Stage 2 or
3
Stage 3
Stage 3
SECTION 1 1 .0 PROCEDURES FOR DETERMINATION AND NOTICATION OF
DROUGHT RESPONSE LEVEL
(a) The existence of a Drought Watch condition may be declared by the Executive Manager
upon a written determination of the existence of the facts and circumstances supporting the
determination. A copy of the written determination shall be filed with the Secretary of the
CMWD and provided to the CMWD Board of Directors. The CMWD may publish a notice of the
determination of existence of Drought Response Level 1 condition in one or more newspapers,
including a newspaper of general circulation within the CMWD. The CMWD may also post
notice of the condition on their website.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 290 of 652
1 (b) The existence of Drought Response Level 2 or Level 3 conditions may be declared by
resolution of the CMWD Board of Directors adopted at a regular or special public meeting held
2 in accordance with State law. The mandatory conservation measures applicable to Drought
Response Level 2 or Level 3 conditions shall take effect on the tenth (10) day after the date the
3 response level is declared. Within five (5) days following the declaration of the response level,
the CMWD shall publish a copy of the resolution in a newspaper used for publication of official
4 notices.
5 (c) The existence of a Drought Response Level 4 condition may be declared in accordance
with the procedures specified in California Water Code sections 351 and 352. The mandatory
6 conservation measures applicable to Drought Response Level 4 conditions shall take effect on
the tenth (10) day after the date the response level is declared. Within five (5) days following
7 the declaration of the response level, the CMWD shall publish a copy of the resolution in a
newspaper used for publication of official notices. If the CMWD establishes a water allocation, it
8 shall provide notice of the allocation by including it in the regular billing statement for the fee or
charge or by any other mailing to the address to which the CMWD customarily mails the billing
9 statement for fees or charges for on-going water service. Water allocation shall be effective on
the fifth (5) day following the date of mailing or at such later date as specified in the notice.
10
(d) The CMWD Board of Directors may declare an end to a Drought Response Level by the
adoption of a resolution at any regular or special meeting held in accordance with State law.
12 SECTION 12.0 HARDSHIP VARIANCE
1 3 (a) If, due to unique circumstances, a specific requirement of this ordinance would result in
undue hardship to a person using agency water or to property upon which agency water is
used, that is disproportionate to the impacts to CMWD water users generally or to similar
property or classes of water uses, then the person may apply for a variance to the requirements
as provided in this section.
16 (b) The variance may be granted or conditionally granted, only upon a written finding of the
existence of facts demonstrating an undue hardship to a person using agency water or to
property upon with agency water is used, that is disproportionate to the impacts to CMWD water
users generally or to similar property or classes of water use due to specific and unique
circumstances of the user or the user's property.
19 1 . Application. Application for a variance shall be a form prescribed by the General
Manager of the CMWD and shall be accompanied by a non-refundable processing fee in an
amount set by resolution of the CMWD Board of Directors.
21 2. Supporting Documentation. The application shall be accompanied by photographs,
22 maps, drawings, and other information, including a written statement of the applicant.
3. Required Findings for Variance. An application for a variance shall be denied unless the
General Manager finds, based on the information provided in the application, supporting
documents, or such additional information as may be requested, and on water use
information for the property as shown by the records of the CMWD, all of the following:
25
A. That the variance does not constitute a grant of special privilege inconsistent with the
26 limitations upon other CMWD customers.
27
28 II
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 291 of 652
1 B. That because of special circumstances applicable to the person, property or its use,
the strict application of this ordinance would have a disproportionate impact on the
2 person, property or use that exceeds the impacts to customers generally.
3 C. That the authorizing of such variance will not be of substantial detriment to adjacent
properties, and will not materially affect the ability of the CMWD to effectuate the
4 purpose of this chapter and will not be detrimental to the public interest.
5 D. That the condition or situation of the subject person, property or the intended use of
the property for which the variance is sought is not common, recurrent or general in
6 nature.
7 4. Approval Authority. The General Manager or Designee shall exercise approval authority
and act upon any completed application no later than 10 days after submittal and may
8 approve, conditionally approve, or deny the variance. The applicant requesting the variance
shall be promptly notified in writing of any action taken. Unless specified otherwise at the
9 time a variance is approved, the variance applies to the subject property during the term of
the mandatory drought response.
10
5. Appeals to CMWD Executive Manager or Designee(s). An applicant may appeal a
11 decision or condition of the General Manager on a variance application to the CMWD
Executive Manager or Designee(s) within 10 days of the decision upon written request for a
12 hearing. The request shall state the grounds for the appeal. At the appeal hearing, the
CMWD Executive Manager or Designee(s) shall act as the approval authority and review the
13 appeal de novo by following the regular variance procedure. The decision of the CMWD
Executive Manager or Designee(s) is final.14
SECTION 13.0 VIOLATIONS AND PENALTIES15
(a) Any person, who uses, causes to be used, or permits the use of water in violation of this
'° ordinance is guilty of an offense punishable as provided herein.
17 (b) Each day that a violation of this ordinance occurs is a separate offense.
18 (c) Administrative fines may be levied for each violation of a provision of this ordinance as
follows:
__ 1. For the first violation by any customer of any of the provisions of this Ordinance the
District shall verbally notice the fact of such violation to the customer.
21 2. For a second violation by any customer of any of the provisions of this Ordinance the
22 District shall issue a written notice of the fact of such violation to the customer.
23 3. For a third violation by a customer of any provision of this Ordinance the District may
install a flow restricting device of one gallon per minute (1 GPM) capacity for services of up
24 to one and one-half inch (1-1/2") size and comparatively sized restrictors for larger services
upon a prior determination that the customer has repeatedly violated the provisions of this
25 Ordinance regarding the conservation of water and that such action is reasonably necessary
to assure compliance with this Ordinance regarding the conservation of water. In addition,
2Q the District may levy an administrative fine of one hundred dollars.
27 4. Two hundred dollars for a fourth violation of any provision of this ordinance within one
year.June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 292 of 652
1..
5. Five hundred dollars for each additional violation of this ordinance within one year.
2
(d) If determined by General Counsel to be necessary and appropriate, in lieu of administrative
3 remedies above, each violation of this ordinance may be prosecuted as a misdemeanor
punishable by imprisonment in the county jail for not more than thirty (30) days or by a fine not
4 exceeding $1,000, or by both as provided in Water Code section 377.
5 (e) Willful violations of the mandatory conservation measures and water use restrictions as set
forth in Section 7.0 and applicable during a Stage 4 Drought Emergency condition may be
6 enforced by discontinuing service to the property at which the violation occurs as provided by
Water Code section 356.
7
(f) All remedies provided for herein shall be cumulative and not exclusive.
8
(g) Any customer against whom a penalty is levied pursuant to this section shall have the right
9 to appeal as follows:
10 1. The request must be in writing and received by the General Manager within ten (10)
calendar days of the mailing of the notice of the action to the customer. Any determination
11 not timely appealed shall be final. The written request shall include:
12 A. a description of the issue,
B. evidence supporting the claim, and
C. a request for resolution of the dispute.
The General Manager will review the material submitted and make an indepedent
determination of the issue, which shall be mailed out within fifteen (15) calendar days of
receipt of the appeal.
16 2. The General Manager's determination may be appealed in writing within ten (10) calendar
days of the mailing of the notice of determination to the Board of Directors of the CMWD by
1' filing with the Secretary of the CMWD a written notice of such appeal. The Secretary shall
set the matter for a hearing before the Board of Directors at an upcoming Board meeting.
Notice of the hearing shall be mailed out at least ten (10) calendar days prior to the date of
the appeal. The Board may, in its discretion, affirm, reverse or modify the determination.
I w
3. Fees for filing an appeal under this section shall be established by a resolution of the
Board of Directors of the CMWD.
21 SECTION 14.0 REPEAL OF ORDINANCE NO. 35
22 Ordinance No. 35 of the Carlsbad Municipal Water District relating to the Necessity for and
Adopting a Drought Response Conservation Program is hereby repealed in its entirety.
24 SECTION 15.0 EFFECTIVE DATE
25 This ordinance is effective immediately upon adoption.
26 '"
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June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 293 of 652
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INTRODUCED AND FIRST READ at a Special Meeting of the Carlsbad Municipal Water
District Board on the 16th day of December. 2008, and thereafter.
PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED at a Special Meeting of the Carlsbad Municipal
Water District Board, on the 6th day of January. 2009, by the following vote to wit:
AYES: Board Members Lewis, Kulchin, Hall, Packard and Blackburn.
NOES: None.
ABSENT: None.
ABSTAIN: None.
APPROVED AS TO FORM AND LEGALITY
RONALD R. BALL, General Counsel
ATTEST:
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 294 of 652
EXHIBIT 1
1
ORDINANCE NO. 46
2
AN ORDINANCE OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF THE
3 CARLSBAD MUNICIPAL WATER DISTRICT AMENDING
ORDINANCE NO. 44. TO AUTHORIZE THE GENERAL
4 MANAGER TO SET WATERING SCHEDULES
5 WHEREAS, article 10, section 2 of the California Constitution declares that waters of the
6 State are to be put to beneficial use, that waste, unreasonable use, or unreasonable method of
7 use of water be prevented, and that water be conserved for the public welfare; and
g WHEREAS, conservation of current water supplies and minimization of the effects of
g water supply shortages that are the result of drought are essential to the public health, safety
and welfare; and
WHEREAS, regulation of the time of certain water use, manner of certain water use,
design of rates, method of application of water for certain uses, installation and use of water-
saving devices, provide an effective and immediately available means of conserving water; and
13
WHEREAS, California Water Code sections 375 et seq. authorize water suppliers to
14
adopt and enforce a comprehensive water conservation program; and
15
WHEREAS, adoption and enforcement of a comprehensive water conservation program
16
will allow the Carlsbad Municipal Water District (CMWD) to delay or avoid implementing
17
measures such as water rationing or more restrictive water use regulations pursuant to a
18 declared water shortage emergency as authorized by California Water Code sections 350 et
19 seq.; and
20 WHEREAS, San Diego County is a semi-arid region and local water resources are
21 scarce. The region is dependent upon imported water supplies provided by the San Diego
County Water Authority, which obtains a substantial portion of its supplies from the Metropolitan
23 Water District of Southern California. Because the region is dependent upon imported water
24 supplies, weather and other conditions in other portions of this State and of the Southwestern
25 United States affect the availability of water for use in San Diego County; and
26 WHEREAS, the San Diego County Water Authority has adopted an Urban Water
27 Management Plan that includes water conservation as a necessary and effective component of
28 the Water Authority's programs to provide a reliable supply of water to meet the needs of the
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 295 of 652
1 Water Authority's 24 member public agencies, including the CMWD. The Water Authority's
2 Urban Water Management Plan also includes a contingency analysis of actions to be taken in
3
response to water supply shortages. This ordinance is consistent with the Water Authority's
4 Urban Water Management Plan; and
5 WHEREAS, as anticipated by its Urban Water Management Plan, the San Diego County
6 Water Authority, in cooperation and consultation with its member public agencies, has adopted
7 a Drought Management Plan, which establishes a progressive program for responding to water
8 supply limitations resulting from drought conditions. This ordinance is intended to be consistent
9 with and to implement the Water Authority's Drought Management Plan; and
10 WHEREAS, the Water Authority's Drought Management Plan contains three stages
11 containing regional actions to be taken to lessen or avoid supply shortages. This ordinance
12 contains drought response levels that correspond with the Drought Management Plan stages;
13 and
14 WHEREAS, the CMWD, due to the geographic and climatic conditions within its territory
15 and its dependence upon water imported and provided by the San Diego County Water
16 Authority, may experience shortages due to drought conditions, regulatory restrictions enacted
upon imported supplies and other factors. The Board of Directors of CMWD has adopted an
Urban Water Management Plan that includes water conservation as a necessary and effective
component of its programs to provide a reliable supply of water to meet the needs of the publici y
within its service territory. The CMWD's Urban Water Management Plan also includes a20
contingency analysis of actions to be taken in response to water supply shortages. This
21
ordinance is consistent with the Urban Water Management Plan adopted by the Board of
22
Directors of CMWD; and
23
WHEREAS the water conservation measures and progressive restrictions on water use
24
and method of use identified by this ordinance provide certainty to water users and enable
25 CMWD to control water use, provide water supplies, and plan and implement water
26 management measures in a fair and orderly manner for the benefit of the public;
27 NOW, THEREFORE, BE IT RESOLVED by the Board of Directors of the Carlsbad
28
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 296 of 652
Municipal Water District of the City of Carlsbad, California, as follows:
2 1. That the above recitations are true and correct.
3
2. The Board of Directors of the Carlsbad Municipal Water District of the City of
4
Carlsbad, California, hereby ordains as follows:
5 SECTION 7.0 DROUGHT RESPONSE LEVEL 2 - DROUGHT ALERT CONDITION
6 (a) A Drought Response Level 2 condition is also referred to as a "Drought Alert" condition. A
7 Level 2 condition may apply when the Water Authority notifies its member agencies that due to
cutbacks caused by drought or other reduction in supplies, a consumer demand reduction of up
Q to 20 percent is required in order to have sufficient supplies available to meet anticipated
demands. The CMWD Board of Directors shall declare the existence of a Drought Response
g Level 2 condition and implement the mandatory Level 2 conservation measures identified in this
ordinance.
10 (b) All persons using CMWD water shall comply with Level 1 Drought Watch water conservation
11 practices during a Level 2 Drought Alert, and shall also comply with the following additional
conservation measures:
12
1. Limit residential and commercial landscape irrigation to assigned days per week on a
13 schedule established by the General Manager. Within five (5) days following the declaration
of the response level, the CMWD shall publish a notice of the assigned days in one or more
14 newspapers, including a newspaper of general circulation within the CMWD. The CMWD
may also post notice of the condition on its website. This section shall not apply to
15 commercial growers and nurseries.
16 2. Limit lawn watering and landscape irrigation using sprinklers to time limits per watering
station per assigned day as established by the General Manager. Within five (5) days
17 following the declaration of the response level, the CMWD shall publish a notice of the
assigned time limits in one or more newspapers, including a newspaper of general
18 circulation within the CMWD. The CMWD may also post notice of the condition on its
website. This provision does not apply to landscape irrigation systems using water efficient
19 devices, including but not limited to: weather based controllers, drip/micro-irrigation systems
and stream rotor sprinklers.
20
3. Water landscaped areas, including trees and shrubs located on residential and
21 commercial properties, and not irrigated by a landscape irrigation system governed by
section 5 (b) (1), on the same schedule set forth in section 5 (b) (1) by using a bucket, hand-
22 held hose with positive shut-off nozzle, or low-volume non-spray irrigation.
23 4. Repair all leaks within seventy-two (72) hours of notification by the CMWD unless other
arrangements are made with the General Manager or Designee.
24
5. Stop operating ornamental fountains or similar decorative water features unless recycled
25 water is used.
26 SECTION 8.0 DROUGHT RESPONSE LEVEL 3 - DROUGHT CRITICAL CONDITION
27 (a) A Drought Response Level 3 condition is also referred to as a "Drought Critical" condition. A
28
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 297 of 652
1 Level 3 condition may apply when the Water Authority notifies its member agencies that due to
increasing cutbacks caused by drought or other reduction of supplies, a consumer demand
2 reduction of up to 40 percent is required in order to have sufficient supplies available to meet
anticipated demands. The CMWD Board of Directors shall declare the existence of a Drought
3 Response Level 3 condition and implement the Level 3 conservation measures identified in this
ordinance.
4
(b) All persons using CMWD water shall comply with Level 1 Drought Watch and Level 2
5 Drought Alert water conservation practices during a Level 3 Drought Critical condition and shall
also comply with the following additional mandatory conservation measures:
6
1 . Limit lawn watering and landscape irrigation using sprinklers to time limits per
7 watering station per assigned day as established by the General Manager. Within five
(5) days following the declaration of the response level, the CMWD shall publish a notice
8 of the assigned days in one or more newspapers, including a newspaper of general
circulation within the CMWD. The CMWD may also post notice of the condition on its
9 website. This section shall not apply to commercial growers or nurseries.
10 2.Water landscaped areas, including trees and shrubs located on residential and
commercial properties, and not irrigated by a landscape irrigation system governed by
1 section 6 (b) (1), on the same schedule set forth in section 6 (b) (1) by using a bucket,
hand-held hose with a positive shut-off nozzle, or low-volume non-spray irrigation.12
S.Stop filling or re-filling ornamental lakes or ponds, except to the extent needed to
sustain aquatic life, provided that such animals are of significant value and have been
actively managed within the water feature prior to declaration of a drought response
14 level under this ordinance.
4. Stop washing vehicles except at commercial carwashes that re-circulate water, or by
high pressure/low volume wash systems.
5. Repair all leaks within forty-eight (48) hours of notification by the CMWD unless other
' ' arrangements are made with the General Manager or Designee.
1 R (c) Upon the declaration of a Drought Response Level 3 condition, no new potable water service
shall be provided, no new temporary meters or permanent meters shall be provided, and no
statements of immediate ability to serve or provide potable water service (such as, will serve
letters, certificates, or letters of availability) shall be issued, except under the following
circumstances:
21 1 . A valid, unexpired building permit has been issued for the project; or
22 2. The project is necessary to protect the public's health, safety, and welfare; or
23 3. The applicant provides substantial evidence of an enforceable commitment that water
24 demands for the project will be offset prior to the provision of a new water meter(s).
25 This provision shall not be construed to preclude the resetting or turn-on of meters to provide
continuation of water service or to restore service that has been interrupted for a period of one
2Q year or less.
27 (d) Upon the declaration of a Drought Response Level 3 condition, the Board of Directors of
CMWD will suspend consideration of annexations to its service area.
28
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 298 of 652
1
(e) The Board of Directors of CMWD may establish a water allocation for property served by
2 the CMWD taking into consideration a method that does not penalize persons for the
implementation of conservation methods or the installation of water saving devices. If the Board
3 of Directors of CMWD establishes a water allocation notice of the allocation shall be provided by
including it in the regular billing statement for the fee or charge or by any other mailing to the
4 address to which the CMWD customarily mails the billing statement for fees or charges for on-
going water service. Following the effective date of the water allocation as established by the
5 Board of Directors of CMWD, any person that uses water in excess of the allocation shall be
subject to a penalty in the amount equal to the penalty rate established by the Metropolitan
6 Water District for each billing unit of water in excess of the allocation.
The penalty for excess water usage shall be cumulative to any other remedy or penalty that may
7 be imposed for violation of this ordinance.
8 EFFECTIVE DATE: This ordinance shall be effective thirty days after its adoption; and the
9 Secretary shall certify the adoption of this ordinance and cause it to be published at least once in a
10 newspaper of general circulation in the City of Carlsbad within fifteen days after its adoption.
11
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June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 299 of 652
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INTRODUCED AND FIRST READ at a Special Meeting of the Carlsbad Municipal Water
District Board of Directors on the 10th day of November 2009, and thereafter;
PASSED, APPROVED AND ADOPTED at a Special Meeting of the Board of Directors of
the Carlsbad Municipal Water District on the 1st day of December 2009 by the following vote to
wit:
AYES: Board Members Lewis, Kulchin, Hall, Packard and Blackburn.
NOES: None.
ABSENT: None.
ABSTAIN: None.
APPROVED AS TO FORM AND LEGALITY
RONACD"R. BALL, General Counsel
ATTEST:
' Secretary
(SEAL)
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 300 of 652
Appendix J – 2018 Hazard Mitigation Plan
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 301 of 652
1.1 City of Carlsbad
The City of Carlsbad (Carlsbad) reviewed a set of jurisdictional-level hazard maps including detailed
critical facility information and localized potential hazard exposure/loss estimates to help identify the top
hazards threatening their jurisdiction. In addition, LPGs were supplied with exposure/loss estimates for
Carlsbad summarized in Table 5.3-1. See Section 4.0 for additional details.
Table 5.3-1
Summary of Potential Hazard-Related Exposure/Loss in Carlsbad
Residential Commercial Critical Facilities
Hazard Type
Exposed
Population
Number of
Residential
Buildings
Potential
Exposure/Loss
for Residential
Buildings
(x$1,000)
Number of
Commercial
Buildings
Potential
Exposure/Loss
for
Commercial
Buildings
(x$1,000)
Number of
Critical
Facilities
Potential
Exposure
for Critical
Facilities
(x$1,000)
Coastal Storm /
Erosion 25 0 0 0 0 1 964
Sea Level Rise 876 66 18,579 47 16,588 32 32,889
Dam Failure 4531 1,951 549,207 49 219,603 12 1,775
Earthquake
(Annualized
Loss - Includes
shaking,
liquefaction and
landslide
components) 10,495* 4,456* 1,254,364* 5,344* 1,870,237* 41* 61,257*
Flood (Loss)
100 Year 2,346 650 182,975 101 35,416 43 33,960
500 Year 2407 650 182,975 101 35.416 44 36,311
Rain-Induced
Landslide
High Risk 464 24 6,756 4 1,231 0 0
Moderate Risk 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
Tsunami 520 106 29,839 10 3,584 29 26,531
Wildfire /
Structure Fire
Fire Regime II &
IV 99,892 43,157 12,148,696 29,541 10,339,342 525 1,889,061
* Represents 500-year earthquake value under three earthquake scenarios (shake only, shake and liquefaction, and shake
and landslide).
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 302 of 652
After reviewing the localized hazard maps and exposure/loss table above, the following hazards were
identified by the Carlsbad LPG as their top five. A brief rational for including each of these is included.
Structural Fire/Wildfire: The potential of damage and losses to existing assets, including people,
critical facilities/infrastructure, and public facilities can be significant. The continuing drought and
likely implications of climate change exacerbate the fire threat.
Earthquake: The potential for loss of life, injuries, and damage to property, as well as disruption of
services, is significant.
Hazardous Materials: One major freeway and one major railway pass through the community. The
community also hosts an airport and several fixed facilities that utilize hazardous materials.
Flooding: There are several areas of the community, which are near natural creek crossings and
channels, coastal areas as well as lagoons.
Severe Weather: Heavy rains can cause erosion and trigger slope instability in habitat areas of
Carlsbad damaged during the May 2014 Poinsettia wildfire. Erosion and slope instability can
cause damage to infrastructure, systems and facilities. High winds can also cause damage to
infrastructure, systems and facilities.
1.1.1 Capabilities Assessment
The City of Carlsbad local planning group (LPG) for emergency planning is the Carlsbad Emergency
Management Administrative Team (CEMAT). The LPG identified current capabilities available for
implementing hazard mitigation activities. The Capability Assessment (Assessment) portion of the
jurisdictional mitigation plan identifies administrative, technical, legal and fiscal capabilities. This
includes a summary of departments and their responsibilities associated to hazard mitigation planning as
well as codes, ordinances, and plans already in place associated to hazard mitigation planning. The second
part of the Assessment provides Carlsbad’s fiscal capabilities that may be applicable to providing
financial resources to implement identified mitigation action items.
1.1.2 Existing Institutions, Plans, Policies and Ordinances
The following is a summary of existing departments in Carlsbad and their responsibilities related to hazard
mitigation planning and implementation, as well as existing planning documents and regulations related to
mitigation efforts within the community. The administrative and technical capabilities of Carlsbad, as
shown in Table 5.3-2, provides an identification of the staff, personnel, and department resources available
to implement the actions identified in the mitigation section of the Plan. Specific resources reviewed
include those involving technical personnel such as planners/engineers with knowledge of land
development and land management practices, engineers trained in construction practices related to
building and infrastructure, planners and engineers with an understanding of natural or manmade hazards,
floodplain managers, surveyors, personnel with GIS skills and scientists familiar with hazards in the
community.
The 2010 Multi-Jurisdictional Hazard Mitigation Plan was incorporated into the General Plan (approved
September 22, 2015).
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 303 of 652
Table 5.3-2
City of Carlsbad: Administrative and Technical Capacity
Staff/Personnel Resources Y/N Department/Agency and Position
A. Planner(s) or engineer(s) with knowledge of land
development and land management practices Y
Community and Economic Development, Public
Works, Housing and Neighborhood Services,
Parks and Recreation Department
B. Engineer(s) or professional(s) trained in construction
practices related to buildings and/or infrastructure Y Public Works and Community and Economic
Development
C. Planners or Engineer(s) with an understanding of natural
and/or manmade hazards Y Community and Economic Development, Public
Works, Fire Prevention, Environmental Programs
D. Floodplain manager Y Public Works, Community and Economic
Development
E. Surveyors Y Community and Economic Development
F. Staff with education or expertise to assess the community’s
vulnerability to hazards Y
CEMAT, Fire Prevention, Community and
Economic Development, Environmental
Programs, Parks and Recreation Department
G. Personnel skilled in GIS and/or HAZUS Y GIS Staff in IT
H. Scientists familiar with the hazards of the community N
I. Emergency manager Y City Manager, Public Safety Chiefs, Emergency
Preparedness Manager
J. Grant writers Y Various Departments throughout City of Carlsbad
The legal and regulatory capabilities of Carlsbad are shown in Table 5.3-3, which presents the existing
ordinances and codes that affect the physical or built environment of Carlsbad. Examples of legal and/or
regulatory capabilities can include: the City’s building codes, zoning ordinances, subdivision ordnances,
special purpose ordinances, growth management ordinances, site plan review, general plans, capital
improvement plans, economic development plans, emergency response plans, and real estate disclosure
plans.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 304 of 652
Table 5.3-3
City of Carlsbad: Legal and Regulatory Capability
Regulatory Tools (ordinances, codes, plans)
Local
Authority
(Y/N)
Does State
Prohibit?
(Y/N)
A. Building code Y N
B. Zoning ordinance Y N
C. Subdivision ordinance or regulations Y N
D. Special purpose ordinances (floodplain management, storm water management, hillside
or steep slope ordinances, wildfire ordinances, hazard setback requirements) Y N
E. Growth management ordinances (also called “smart growth” or anti-sprawl programs) Y N
F. Site plan review requirements Y N
G. General or comprehensive plan Y N
H. A capital improvements plan Y N
I. An economic development plan Y
J. An emergency response plan Y N
K. A post-disaster recovery plan Y N
L. A post-disaster recovery ordinance N
M. Real estate disclosure requirements Y N
N. Habitat Management Plan Y N
O. Master Drainage, Sewer, Water, & Reclaimed Water Y N
P. Redevelopment Master Plan Y N
1.1.3 Fiscal Resources
Table 5.3-4 shows specific financial and budgetary tools available to Carlsbad such as community
development block grants; capital improvements project funding; authority to levy taxes for specific
purposes; fees for water, sewer, gas, or electric services; impact fees for homebuyers or developers for new
development; ability to incur debt through general obligations bonds; and withholding spending in hazard-
prone areas.
Table 5.3-4
City of Carlsbad: Fiscal Capability
Financial Resources Accessible or Eligible to Use
Yes/No
A. Community Development Block Grants (CDBG) Yes
B. Capital improvements project funding Yes
C. Authority to levy taxes for specific purposes Limited (Voter Approval)
D. Fees for water, sewer, gas, or electric service Yes
E. Impact fees for homebuyers or developers for new developments/homes Yes
F. Incur debt through general obligation bonds Limited (Voter Approval)
G. Incur debt through special tax and revenue bonds Limited (Voter Approval)
H. Incur debt through private activity bonds Yes
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 305 of 652
I. Withhold spending in hazard-prone areas Yes
1.1.4 Goals, Objectives and Actions
Listed below are Carlsbad’s specific hazard mitigation goals, objectives and related potential actions. For
each goal, one or more objectives have been identified that provide strategies to attain the goal. Where
appropriate, the City has identified a range of specific actions to achieve the objective and goal.
The goals and objectives were developed by considering the risk assessment findings, localized hazard
identification and loss/exposure estimates, and an analysis of the jurisdiction’s current capabilities
assessment. These preliminary goals, objectives and actions were developed to represent a vision of long-
term hazard reduction or enhancement of capabilities. To help in further development of these goals and
objectives, the LPG compiled and reviewed current jurisdictional sources including the City’s planning
documents, codes, and ordinances. In addition, City representatives met with consultant staff and/or OES
to specifically discuss these hazard-related goals, objectives and actions as they related to the overall Plan.
Representatives of numerous City departments involved in hazard mitigation planning, including Fire,
Police, and Public Works provided input to the Carlsbad LPG. The original Carlsbad LPG members were
Carlsbad Emergency Management Administrative Team (CEMAT) members: Mike Davis, David Harrison,
Neil Gallucci, Marc Reno, Joan Mabrouk, Maria Callander, Don Wasko, Joe Garuba, Val Brown, Lori
Swenck, Glynn Birdwell, Michele Masterson and Kurt Musser. Once developed, City staff presented them
to the City of Carlsbad City Council for their approval.
Public input was solicited through Carlsbad’s Community Emergency Response Team (CERT), National
University Emergency Management and Homeland Security students at the Carlsbad campus, and through
the City of Carlsbad’s web page.
The following sections present the hazard-related goals, objectives and actions as prepared by Carlsbad’s
LPG in conjunction with the Hazard Mitigation Working Group, locally elected officials, and local citizens.
1.1.4.1 Goals
The City of Carlsbad has developed the following 8 Goals for their Hazard Mitigation Plan (See Attachment
A for Goal 8).
Goal 1. Increase public understanding and support for effective hazard mitigation.
Goal 2. Build and maintain local capacity and commitment to hazard mitigation goals.
Goal 3. Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets, including people, facilities and
infrastructure due to flooding/dam failure.
Goal 4. Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets, including people, critical
facilities/infrastructure, and public facilities due to earthquakes.
Goal 5: Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets, including people, critical
facilities/infrastructure, and public facilities due to structural fire/wildfire.
Goal 6. Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets, including people, facilities and
infrastructure due to hazardous materials-related hazards
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 306 of 652
Goal 7. Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets, including people, facilities and
infrastructure due to severe weather and/or climate change where appropriate.
Goal 8. Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets, including people, facilities and
infrastructure due to information technology-related vulnerabilities and cyber insecurities.
1.1.4.2 Objectives and Actions
The City of Carlsbad developed the following broad list of objectives and actions to assist in the
implementation of each of their eight identified goals. The City of Carlsbad developed objectives to assist
in achieving their hazard mitigation goals. For each of these objectives, specific actions were developed
that would assist in their implementation. A discussion of the prioritization and implementation of the action
items is provided in Section 5.3.5
Goal 1: Increase public understanding and support for effective hazard
mitigation.
Applies to
New
Existing
or Both
Objective 1.A: Educate the public to increase awareness of hazards and
opportunities for mitigation actions.
Both
Action
1.A.1
Carlsbad Emergency Management Administrative Team (CEMAT)
develop hazard mitigation public awareness strategies.
Action
1.A.2
Publicize and encourage the adoption of appropriate hazard mitigation
actions.
Both
Objective 1B: Promote partnerships between the state, counties, and local
jurisdictions and agencies to identify, prioritize, and implement mitigation
actions.
Both
Action
1.B.1
Continue to participate in regional hazard mitigation activities as a
member of the San Diego County Unified Disaster Council (UDC).
Both
Action
1.B.2 Support public sector symposiums and public education opportunities.
Objective 1C: Work with Chamber of Commerce, businesses and other local agencies
to promote hazard mitigation in the local community.
Both
Action
1.C.1
Increase awareness and knowledge of hazard mitigation principles and
practices.
Both
Action
1.C.2
Encourage businesses to develop and implement hazard mitigation
actions.
Action
1.C.3 Support private sector symposiums and public education opportunities.
Goal 2: Build and maintain local capacity and commitment to hazard
mitigation goals.
Applies to
New
Existing
or Both
Objective 2.A: Increase awareness and knowledge of hazard mitigation
principles and practice among local officials.
Both
Action 2.A.1 CEMAT liaison with city departments to increase awareness and
knowledge of hazard mitigation plan, principles and goals,
Both
Objective 2.B: Implement actions associated with hazard mitigation plan. Both
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 307 of 652
Goal 2: Build and maintain local capacity and commitment to hazard
mitigation goals.
Applies to
New
Existing
or Both
Action
2.B.1 CEMAT coordinate and monitor action plan milestones. Both
2.B.2
CEMAT seek training opportunities, through Regional Training Manager,
https://sduasi.org, and other resources, to expand staff emergency
management training
Both
2.B.3 CEMAT review and update EOC position staffing rosters and oversee
staff member cross-training for multiple EOC positions.
Both
Objective 2.C: Continue GIS mapping of potential hazard areas. Both
Action
2.C.1 Update GIS mapping as appropriate. Both
Goal 3: Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets,
including people, facilities and infrastructure due to flooding/dam
failure.
Applies to
New
Existing
or Both
Objective 3.A: Develop a comprehensive approach to reducing the possibility
of damage and losses due to flooding/dam failure.
Both
Action 3.A.1 Update inundation maps every 10 years.
Action 3.A.2 Review and compare existing flood control standards, zoning and building
requirements.
Both
Action 3.A.3 Review and update policies that discourage growth in flood-prone areas.
Action 3.A.4 Review and update city-wide Evacuation Plan.
Action 3.A.5 Periodically exercise flooding/dam failure response actions.
Objective 3.B: Protect existing assets with the highest relative vulnerability to
the effects of a flooding (100 year floodplain)/dam failure.
Both
Action 3.B.1 Identify hazard-prone structures and areas. Both
Action 3.B.2 Maintain Storm Water System.
Action 3.B.3 Maintain materials for building water barriers.
Objective 3.C: Coordinate with and support existing efforts to mitigate dam
failure (e.g., US Army Corps of Engineers, US Bureau of Reclamation, California
Department of Water Resources).
Both
Action 3.C.1 Incorporate and maintain valuable wetlands in open space preservation
programs.
Both
Objective 3.D: Protect floodplains from inappropriate development. Both
Action3 .D.1 Plan and zone for open space, recreational, agricultural, or other low-
intensity uses within floodway fringes.
Both
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 308 of 652
Goal 4: Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets,
including people, critical facilities/infrastructure, and public facilities
due to earthquakes.
Applies to
New
Existing
or Both
Objective 4.A: Develop a comprehensive approach to reducing the possibility
of damage and losses due to earthquakes.
Both
Action 4.A.1 Update earthquake response actions in Emergency Operations Plan (EOP). Both
Action 4.A.2 Continue periodic updates of local building codes, public works construction
codes, zoning and grading ordinances to reflect legislative changes.
Action 4.A.3 Review and update city-wide Evacuation Plan. Both
Action 4.A.4 Periodically exercise earthquake response actions.
Objective 4.B: Protect existing assets with the highest relative vulnerability to the
effects of earthquakes.
Both
Action 4.B.1 CEMAT review local vulnerability to ground motion, landslides and
liquefaction impacts on facilities and infrastructure.
Both
Objective 4.C: Coordinate with and support existing efforts to mitigate earthquake
hazard
Both
Action 4.C.1 Identify projects for pre-disaster mitigation funding. Both
Objective 4.D: Community Outreach Both
Action 4.D.1 Encourage participation in state-wide earthquake preparedness exercises. Both
Goal 5: Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets,
including people, critical facilities/infrastructure, and public facilities
due to structural fire/wildfire.
Applies to
New,
Existing
or Both
Objective5.A: Develop a comprehensive approach to reducing the possibility of
damage and losses due to structural fire/wildfire.
Both
Action 5.A.1 Update structural fire/wildfire response actions in Emergency Operations Plan
(EOP) and/or Wildland fire plans.
Both
Action 5.A.2 Review and update city-wide Evacuation Plan.
Action 5.A.3 Periodically exercise structural fire/wildfire response actions.
Action 5.A.4 Participate in amendments to Fire Protection programs, policies, and
requirements; ref. Section IV.F. City Landscape Manual.
Action 5.A.5 Continue with Hosp Grove trimming and replanting efforts.
Action 5.A.6 Continue to provide for annual vegetation management/maintenance, as
necessary, in Hosp Grove defensible space.
Objective5.B: Coordinate with and support existing efforts to mitigate structural
fire/wildfire.
Both
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 309 of 652
Goal 5: Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets,
including people, critical facilities/infrastructure, and public facilities
due to structural fire/wildfire.
Applies to
New,
Existing
or Both
Action 5.B.1
Continue to maintain the City’s weed abatement ordinance to facilitate the
removal of annual weeds/vegetation or habitat.
Both
Action 5.B.2
Provide increased vegetation management oversight to developments or
HOA’s bordering on open space or in Very High Fire Hazard Severity Zones.
Objective5.C: Maintain GIS mapping to best reflect potential vulnerability of
assets from structural fire/wildfire.
Both
Action 5.C.1 GIS maintain mapped fire risk areas. Both
Objective5.D: Maintain adequate emergency response capability. Both
Action 5.D.1
Continue to evaluate service level impacts and needs as part of City Council
goals, Standards of Cover reviews, and Annual Operating Budget and Capital
Improvement Program.
Both
Goal 6. Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets,
including people, facilities and infrastructure due to hazardous
materials-related hazards
Applies to
New,
Existing
or Both
Objective 6.A.1 Develop a comprehensive approach to reducing the possibility of
damage and losses due to hazardous materials-related hazards
Both
Action 6.A.1 GIS develop and maintain mapped hazardous materials facilities and risks
for the City of Carlsbad.
Both
Action 6.A.2 Fire Prevention maintain library of hazardous materials plans for Carlsbad
hazardous materials facilities.
Action 6.A.3 Fire Prevention coordinate with GIS the development of mobile data
computer based hazardous materials preplans associated with mapped
facilities.
Objective 6.B.1 Increase awareness and knowledge of hazardous materials
mitigation principles and practice among local officials.
Both
Action 6.B.1 Periodically exercise coordinated hazardous materials response actions. Both
Action 6.B.2 Support private sector symposiums and public education opportunities.
Goal 7. Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets,
including people, facilities and infrastructure due to severe weather
and/or climate change where appropriate.
Applies to
New,
Existing
or Both
Objective 7.A.1 Develop a comprehensive approach to reducing the possibility of
damage and losses due to severe weather and/or climate change.
Both
Action 7.A.1
Update and adopt Local Coastal Program (LCP) to include assessment of
impacts and vulnerabilities associated with sea level rise, such as inundation,
flooding, wave impacts, erosion, and saltwater intrusion. LCP will identify
strategies and adaptation measures to minimize risks.
Both
Objective 7.B.1 Increase awareness and knowledge of severe weather and/or
climate change among senior city leadership and/or local officials.
Both
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 310 of 652
Goal 7. Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets,
including people, facilities and infrastructure due to severe weather
and/or climate change where appropriate.
Applies to
New,
Existing
or Both
Action 7.B.1
Adopt a Climate Action Plan, which contains information about the impacts
of climate change and a comprehensive strategy to reduce the community’s
greenhouse gas emissions that are contributing to climate change.
Both
Objective 7.C.1 Increase public awareness and knowledge of damages and
losses due to severe weather and/or climate change through community
awareness
Both
Action 7.C.1 Increase public awareness and knowledge of damages and losses due to severe
weather and/or climate change through public outreach and education,
including social media.
Both
Goal 8. Reduce the possibility of damage and losses to existing assets,
including services, funds, facilities, infrastructure and possibly people
due to information technology-related vulnerabilities and cyber
insecurities.
Applies to
New,
Existing
or Both
Objective 8.A Develop a comprehensive approach to reducing the possibility of
damage and losses due to severe weather and/or climate change.
Both
Action 8.A.1 Coordinate city information technology and cyber security planning with
County Cyber Security Planning Group.
Both
Action 8.A.2 Attend regional cybersecurity planning meetings.
Objective 8.B Increase awareness and knowledge of information technology-
related vulnerabilities and cyber insecurities among city staff, including senior
city leadership and/or local officials.
Both
Action 8.B.1 Participate in regional cyber security training and exercises. Both
Objective 8.C Prepare cyber security plans and policy Both
Action 8.C.1 Conduct security audit.
Action 8.C.2 Using San Diego County Office of Emergency Services cyber security plan as
a reference, develop Carlsbad cybersecurity plan.
Both
1.1.5 Prioritization and Implementation of Action Items
Once the comprehensive list of jurisdictional goals, objectives, and action items listed above was developed,
the proposed mitigation actions were prioritized. This step resulted in a list of acceptable and realistic
actions that address the hazards identified in each jurisdiction. This prioritized list of action items was
formed by the LPG weighing STAPLEE criteria
The Disaster Mitigation Action of 2000 (at 44 CFR Parts 201 and 206) requires the development of an
action plan that not only includes prioritized actions but one that includes information on how the prioritized
actions will be implemented. Implementation consists of identifying who is responsible for which action,
what kind of funding mechanisms and other resources are available or will be pursued, and when the action
will be completed.
The prioritized actions below reflect progress in local mitigation efforts as well as changes in development.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 311 of 652
The top 10 prioritized mitigation actions as well as an implementation strategy for each are:
Action Item #1: Carlsbad Emergency Management Administrative Team (CEMAT) develop
hazard mitigation public awareness strategies.
Coordinating Individual/Organization: CEMAT
Potential Funding Source: General Fund
Implementation Timeline: On-going
Action Item #2: Continue with Hosp Grove trimming and replanting efforts.
Coordinating Individual/Organization: Parks and Recreation Planning
Potential Funding Source: Grant Funding and General Fund
Implementation Timeline: On-going
Action Item #3: Continue to maintain the City’s weed abatement ordinance to facilitate the removal
of annual weeds/vegetation or habitat.
Coordinating Individual/Organization: Fire Prevention
Potential Funding Source: General Fund
Implementation Timeline: On-going
Action Item #4: Investigate feasibility of maintaining hazardous materials business plans in Mobile
Data Computer.
Coordinating Individual/Organization: Fire Department
Potential Funding Source: General Fund
Implementation Timeline: FY 2015-2020
Action Item #5: Continue periodic updates of local building codes, public works construction
codes, zoning and grading ordinances to reflect legislative changes.
Coordinating Individual/Organization: Fire Department Community and Economic
Development
Potential Funding Source: General Fund
Implementation Timeline: FY 2015-2020
Action Item #6: Update hazardous material business plan library.
Coordinating Individual/Organization: Fire Prevention
Potential Funding Source: General Fund
Implementation Timeline: FY 2015-2020
Action Item #7: Provide information to the public on the City website and through public education
opportunities.
Coordinating Individual/Organization: CEMAT
Potential Funding Source: General Fund
Implementation Timeline: FY 2015-2020
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 312 of 652
Action Item #8: Update and adopt Local Coastal Program (LCP) to include assessment of impacts and
vulnerabilities associated with sea level rise, such as inundation, flooding, wave impacts and erosion.
LCP will identify strategies and adaptation measures to minimize risks.
Coordinating Individual/Organization: Community and Economic Development Department
Potential Funding Source: General Fund, state grants
Implementation Timeline: 2017
Action #9: Adopt Climate Action Plan, which contains information about the impacts of climate change
and a comprehensive strategy to reduce the community’s greenhouse gas emissions that are contributing
to climate change.
Coordinating Individual/Organization: Community and Economic Development, Public Works
Potential Funding Source: General Fund, federal, state grants, private sources
Implementation Timeline: 2015
Action Item #10: Coordinate city information technology and cyber security planning with County
Cyber Security Planning Group.
Coordinating Individual/Organization: Information Technology Department
Potential Funding Source: General Fund
Implementation Timeline: 2015
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June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 314 of 652
Appendix K – Demonstration of Reduced Delta Reliance
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 315 of 652
Appendix K – Reporting on Reduced Delta Reliance
Regulatory Background
Urban water suppliers that anticipate participating in or receiving water from a proposed project,
such as a multiyear water transfer, conveyance facility, or new diversion that involves transferring
water through, exporting water from, or using water in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta (Delta)
are required to demonstrate reduced reliance on the Delta in their 2015 and 2020 Urban Water
Management Plans (UWMPs) that can then be used in the certification of consistency process to
demonstrate consistency with Delta Plan Policy WR P1, Reduce Reliance on the Delta Through
Improved Regional Water Self-Reliance (California Code Regulations, Title 23, §5003).1 The Delta
Plan Policy WR P1 identifies the UWMP as the tool to demonstrate consistency with the state policy
that suppliers that carry out or take part in covered actions must reduce their reliance on the
Delta.2
Carlsbad Municipal Water District’s (CMWD) information on its reduced reliance on the Delta is
documented below and can be used in future certifications of consistency with WR P1 for potential
future water supply covered actions in the Delta.
Carlsbad Municipal Water District Reliance on Delta Watershed
CMWD currently has two local water supplies, recycled water and desalinated seawater. The
remainder of CMWD’s potable water supply is purchased from the San Diego County Water
Authority (Water Authority). In 2020, approximately 82% of CMWD’s potable water was imported
water supplied by the Water Authority. The Water Authority’s imported water supplies are
primarily sourced from the Colorado River via transfers from Imperial Irrigation District (IID), and
from the State Water Project (SWP) and Central Valley Project (CVP) via Metropolitan Water
District of Southern California (MWD).
CMWD’s only imported water supplies that originate in the Delta watershed are imported water
supplies delivered by the Water Authority via MWD. Recognizing that the Delta supplies are
threatened by uncertain long-term reliability issues associated with drought shortages, climate
change, seismic events, environmental impacts, and flow restrictions, and that imported water
purchases are becoming increasingly expensive, CMWD has taken actions to reduce demand for
imported water from the Water Authority as supplied by MWD, and is continuing to explore future
opportunities to continue to reduce its reliance on imported water.
As part of its Draft 2020 UWMP, the Water Authority completed a Delta Reliance analysis to
evaluate reduced Delta reliance consistent with Appendix C in the California Department of Water
Resources’ (DWR) Draft UWMP Guidebook 2020 (DWR Guidebook). Given that CMWD’s only
potential source of water from the Delta watershed is water purchased from the Water Authority,
CMWD relies on the Water Authority’s Delta reliance analysis to also demonstrate reduced regional
reliance on the Delta.
1 Draft Urban Water Management Plan Guidebook 2020, California Department of Water Resources, August 2020, p.
C-1.
2 Ibid., p. C-2.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 316 of 652
Water Authority Reduced Reliance on Delta Watershed
The Water Authority’s Draft 2020 UWMP documents consistency with WR P1 by quantifying the
water supplies that contribute to regional self-reliance and demonstrating reduced reliance on the
Delta watershed, as summarized below.
Quantification of Water Supplies that Contribute to Regional Self-Reliance
Water suppliers must report the expected outcome for measurable improvement in regional self-
reliance as a reduction in water used from the Delta watershed. Table 1 lists the sources of water
supplies and volumes that contribute to regional self-reliance.3 As shown in the table, the Water
Authority’s reliance on the Delta watershed, and consequently CMWD’s reliance on the Delta
watershed, decreases over time as the percent of water supplies that contribute to regional self-
reliance increase over time. CMWD’s individual supplies that contribute to regional self- reliance
can be found in Chapter 6 Water Supplies in CMWD’s 2020 UWMP.
Table 1 – Calculation of Supplies Contributing to Regional Self-Reliance
Demonstration of Reduced Reliance on Water Supplies from the Delta Watershed
Water suppliers are required to report on the expected outcomes for measurable reductions in
water supplies from the Delta watershed. For CMWD, the only potential source of water from the
Delta watershed is water purchased from the Water Authority via MWD. Because water provided
by the Water Authority via MWD can include supplies that comingle Delta watershed and CVP
supplies, and because MWD has not provided the anticipated methodology approved by the DSC,
the Water Authority (and therefore CMWD) has incorporated the MWD’s forecast in its entirety as
a reasonable methodology to forecast the percent of MWD water supply from the Delta watershed
and the CVP. Table 2 calculates the reduced reliance on the Delta watershed within the entirety of
the MWD service area, to serve as a regional approach for this requirement.4
3 Draft 2020 UWMP, San Diego County Water Authority, March 2021, Appendix J, Table 2.
4 Draft 2020 UWMP, Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, February 2021, Appendix 11, Table A.11-3.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 317 of 652
Table 2 – Calculation of Reliance on Water Supplies from Delta Watershed 5
The CVP/SWP contract supplies in Table 2 include MWD's SWP Table A and Article 21 supplies. 6 The
values in Table 2 do not include supplies from San Luis Carryover storage or Central Valley storage
programs. The transfers and exchanges of supplies from the Delta watershed shown in Table 2
include supplies from the San Bernardino Valley MWD Program, Yuba River Accord Purchase
Program, the San Gabriel Valley MWD Program, and other generic SWP and Central Valley transfers
and exchanges. Additional information can be found in Section 3.2 and Appendix 3 of MWD's Draft
2020 UWMP.7
5 Metropolitan Water District of Southern California, Draft 2020 UWMP, February 2021, Appendix 11, Table A.11-3.
6 Ibid., p. A.11-7.
7 Ibid., pgs. A.11-7 – 11-8.
June 8, 2021 Item #12 Page 318 of 652
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