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HomeMy WebLinkAboutPD 2021-0045; 3880 WESTHAVEN DR; EVALUATION OF ALLOWABLE BEARING VALUE, ACTIVE, PASSIVE PRESSURES, LATERAL PRESSURES, AND SEISMIC AND RETAINING WALL DESIGN PARAMETERS; 2020-06-08Geotechnical C Geologic C Coastal C Environmental 5741 Palmer Way C Carlsbad, California 92010 C (760) 438-3155 C FAX (760) 931-0915 C www.geosoilsinc.com June 8, 2020 W.O. 7861-A-SC Mr. Danny Caldwell 3880 Westhaven Drive Carlsbad, California 92008 Subject: Evaluation of Allowable Bearing Value, Active, Passive Pressures, Lateral Pressures, and Seismic and Retaining Wall Design Parameters, Proposed Additional Dwelling Unit (ADU)at 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad, San Diego County, California 92008, APN 207-053-29-00 Dear Mr. Caldwell: In accordance with your request, GeoSoils, Inc. (GSI) has obtained a representative sample of site soil for laboratory testing. The purpose of our testing was to evaluate soil parameters for proposed improvements during construction of the additional dwelling unit (ADU) at the rear of the existing single-family residential home. The scope of our services includes a site reconnaissance, soil sampling, a review of documents presented in Appendix (References), laboratory testing, engineering analyses, and preparation of this report. This summary report has been prepared for the sole purpose of simply providing a limited description of soil conditions onsite and laboratory testing, and does not constitute a geotechnical evaluation of the overall stability, or suitability of the site for additional development. FIELD STUDIES Site-specific field studies were conducted by GSI on May 20, 2020, and consisted of the excavation of three (3) exploratory excavations with a hand auger, for an evaluation of near-surface soil and geologic conditions onsite. The auger excavations HA-1 and HA-2 were performed in the rear yard, in the vicinity of the proposed improvements and toe of rear slope, respectively. HA-3 was excavated at the southeast corner of the existing residence. All excavations were logged by a representative of this office who collected representative bulk soil samples for appropriate laboratory testing. A description of the soils encountered are described below. GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 2 SOIL CONDITIONS General The earth material units that were observed and/or encountered at the subject site consist of surficial deposits of artificial fill overlying Tertiary-age Santiago Formation deposits at shallow depth. A general description of each material type is presented as follows, from youngest to oldest. Quaternary-age Artificial Fill As observed, engineered fill occurs at the surface and generally consists of dark brown, moist to wet, loose to medium dense, silty sands with clay. Where encountered in our excavations (HA-1 through HA-3), the thickness of the non-uniform artificial fill materials was on the order of about ±1½ feet, ±½ foot, ±½ foot respectively. In the vicinity of the rear yard house addition, the artificial fill is considered subject to settlement under loading, and therefore should be removed and reused as properly engineered fill, in areas proposed for settlement-sensitive improvements. Tertiary-age Santiago Formation Deposits Tertiary-age Santiago Formation deposits (bedrock at this site) were observed underlying artificial fill in HA-1 through HA-3, on the subject site. These deposits generally consisted of pale yellow silty sand, fine to coarse-grained sand, damp to moist, and dense in consistency. Unweathered paralic deposits encountered were competent at approximately ±2 to ±3 feet in the rear yard improvement area and are considered suitable for support of settlement-sensitive improvements and/or planned fills in their existing state, at that depth. LABORATORY TESTING Laboratory tests were performed on representative samples of site earth materials in order to evaluate their physical characteristics. The results of our evaluation are summarized as follows: Classification Soils were classified with respect to the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS) in general accordance with ASTM D 2487 and ASTM D 2488. Particle-Size Analysis A particle-size evaluation was performed on a representative, soil sample (HA-1 @ 0'-1½') in general accordance with ASTM D 422-63. The testing was utilized to evaluate the soil GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 3 classification in accordance with the Unified Soil Classification System (USCS). The results of the particle-size evaluation indicate that the tested soil is a Silty Sand (2.1% Gravel, 77.9% sand, 20% fines) (USCS Symbol-SM). Expansion Index A representative sample of near-surface site soils was evaluated for expansion potential. Expansion Index (E.I.) testing and expansion potential classification was performed in general accordance with ASTM Standard D 4829, the results of the expansion testing are presented in the following table. SAMPLE LOCATION AND DEPTH (ft)EXPANSION INDEX EXPANSION POTENTIAL HA-1 @ 0-1.5 <20 Very Low Direct Shear Tests Strain-controlled direct shear test (displacement #0.005 inches per minute), was performed on a remolded sample of the foundational soils, in general accordance with the ASTM D 3080 test method. The results of shear testing are summarized in the following table. The shear testing results are shown below. SAMPLE LOCATION AND DEPTH (ft) WET UNIT WEIGHT (PCF) PRIMARY RESIDUAL COHESION (PSF) FRICTION ANGLE (DEGREES) COHESION (PSF) FRICTION ANGLE (DEGREES) HA-2 @ 1-2 (remolded) 123.5 162 30.8 48 31.9 BEARING VALUE Based on a review of Table 1806.2 of the 2019 California Building Code ([2019 CBC], California Building Standards Commission [CBSC], 2019a), an allowable bearing value of 2,000 pounds per square foot (psf) may be assumed for continuous footings, a minimum 12 inches wide and 12 inches deep (below lowest adjacent grade [excluding soft soils, landscape zones, slab and underlayment thickness, etc.]), bearing on suitable, approved bedrock. It is anticipated that actual footing depths will be deeper than those indicated above, in order to penetrate any loose, near surface soils. Actual footing 1::===1 =======:=======:~=======:11 GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 4 depths would be based on conditions exposed within the footing excavation. The allowable bearing value may be increased by 20 percent for each additional twelve (12) inches in depth of embedment, into approved suitable bearing soil, to a maximum value of 2,500 psf. The above values may be increased by one-third when considering short duration seismic or wind loads. Differential settlement may be minimally assumed as 1 inch in a 40-foot span, provided the footing bears on suitable, competent and similar earth materials, approved by GSI. Foundations should be designed for all applicable surcharge loads and should consider the inherent corrosive coastal environment. LATERAL PRESSURE Total Lateral Resistance (TLR) for shallow foundations is provided by the friction along the footing bottoms and the passive pressure across footing faces in contact with either fill or natural soil deposits. The TLR is influenced by the depth of the footing and the cohesion (or apparent cohesion) of the soil material. The normal force or dead load on the footing from the overlying structure will influence the amount of frictional resistance. For sands or predominantly sandy soils, this friction is higher than clay or clayey/silty soils. The TLR and vertical bearing of the soil were derived from soil(s) descriptions, multiple laboratory tests, and the use of Table 1806.2 of the 2019 CBC (CBC, 2019a). The TLR for the silty sands onsite may be taken as an equivalent fluid of 150 pcf (150 psf/ft of depth) per foot of depth. This may be added to the frictional resistance of the sandy earth material using a coefficient of 0.25 when combined with the normal (dead load) force. When combining the frictional and passive components of the TLR, the passive value should be reduced by one-third (a). The total maximum lateral bearing pressure of 2,250 psf may be used for this site, unless further testing and analysis is performed. GSI believes this to be a reasonably conservative value, considering the limited scope of work. Please note that if foundations for either the main or appurtenant structures are pile or pier supported, the frictional value noted above should be neglected. SEISMIC DESIGN General It is important to keep in perspective that in the event of an upper bound (maximum probable) or credible earthquake occurring on any of the nearby major faults, strong ground shaking would occur in the subject site's general area. Potential damage to any structure(s) would likely be greatest from the vibrations and impelling force caused by the inertia of a structure's mass than from those induced by the hazards listed above. This potential would be no greater than that for other existing structures and improvements in the immediate vicinity. GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 5 Seismic Shaking Parameters The following table summarizes the reevaluated site-specific design criteria obtained from the 2019 CBC, Chapter 16 Structural Design, Section 1613, Earthquake Loads. The computer program Seismic Design Maps, provided by the California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD, 2020) has now been utilized to aid in design (https://seismicmaps.org). The short spectral response utilizes a period of 0.2 seconds. 2019 CBC SEISMIC DESIGN PARAMETERS PARAMETER VALUE VALUE PER ASCE 7-16 2019 CBC OR REFERENCE Risk Category II -Table 1604.5 Site Class D (default)-Section 1613.2.2/Chap. 20 ASCE 7-16 (p. 203-204) Spectral Response - (0.2 sec), sS 1.018 g -Section 1613.2.1 Figure 1613.2.1(1) 1Spectral Response - (1 sec), S 0.371 g -Section 1613.2.1 Figure 1613.2.1(2) aSite Coefficient, F 1.2 -Table 1613.2.3(1) vSite Coefficient, F null - see Section 11.48 ASCE 7-16 2.5 (Section 21.3)Table 1613.2.3(2) Maximum Considered Earthquake Spectral Response Acceleration MS(0.2 sec), S 1.222 g -Section 1613.2.3 (Eqn 16-36) Maximum Considered Earthquake Spectral Response Acceleration M1(1 sec), S null - see Section 11.48 ASCE 7-16 1.367 (Section 21.4)Section 1613.2.3 (Eqn 16-37) 5% Damped Design Spectral Response Acceleration DS(0.2 sec), S 0.815 g -Section 1613.2.4 (Eqn 16-38) 5% Damped Design Spectral Response Acceleration D1(1 sec), S null - see Section 11.48 ASCE 7-16 0.911 (Section 21.4) Section 1613.2.4 (Eqn 16-39) MPGA - Probabilistic Vertical Ground Acceleration may be assumed as about 50% of these values. 0.535 g -ASCE 7-16 (Eqn 11.8.1) Seismic Design Category null - see Section 11.48 ASCE 7-16 D (Section 11.6) Section 1613.2.5/ASCE 7-16 (p. 85: Table 11.6-1 or 11.6-2) 1. FV = 2.5 S1>0.2 per Section 21.3, 2. SM1= (1.5)SD1 =(1.5)(0.595)=0.8928 per Section 21.4 3. SD1 $ 0.2 => 0.8928 $ 0.2 , per Section 11.6 site is in Risk Category D I I I I I GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 6 GENERAL SEISMIC PARAMETERS PARAMETER VALUE Distance to Seismic Source (A fault)6.3 mi (10.1 km)(1)(2) WUpper Bound Earthquake (Rose Canyon)M = 7.2 (1) - Cao, et al. (2003)(1) - Blake (2000)(2) Conformance to the criteria above for seismic design does not constitute any kind of guarantee or assurance that significant structural damage or ground failure will not occur in the event of a large earthquake. The primary goal of seismic design is to protect life, not to eliminate all damage, since such design may be economically prohibitive. Cumulative effects of seismic events are not addressed in the 2019 CBC (CBSC, 2019a) and regular wmaintenance and repair following locally significant seismic events (i.e., M 5.5) will likely be necessary, as is the case in all of southern California. DEVELOPMENT CRITERIA General All earthwork should conform to the guidelines presented in the 2019 CBC (CBSC, 2019a) and the requirements of the City, except where specifically superceded in the text of this report. Prior to earthwork, a GSI representative should be present at the preconstruction meeting to provide additional earthwork guidelines, if needed, and review the earthwork schedule. This office should be notified in advance of any fill placement, supplemental regrading of the site, or backfilling underground utility trenches and retaining walls after rough earthwork has been completed. This includes grading for pools, driveway approaches, driveways, and exterior hardscape. During earthwork construction, all site preparation and the general grading procedures of the contractor should be observed and the fill selectively tested by a representative(s) of GSI. If unusual or unexpected conditions are exposed in the field, they should be reviewed by this office and, if warranted, modified and/or additional recommendations will be offered. All applicable requirements of local and national construction and general industry safety orders, the Occupational Safety and Health Act (OSHA), and the Construction Safety Act should be met. It is the onsite general contractor and individual subcontractors responsibility to provide a save working environment for our field staff who are onsite. GSI does not consult in the area of safety engineering. Demolition/Grubbing 1. Vegetation and any miscellaneous debris should be removed from the areas of proposed grading. I I I I I I GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 7 2. Any existing subsurface structures uncovered during the recommended removal should be observed by GSI so that appropriate remedial recommendations can be provided. 3. Cavities or loose soils remaining after demolition and site clearance should be cleaned out and observed by the soil engineer. The cavities should be replaced with fill materials that have been moisture conditioned to at least optimum moisture content and compacted to at least 90 percent of the laboratory standard. 4. Onsite septic systems (if encountered) should be removed in accordance with San Diego County Department of Environmental Health (DEH) standards/guidelines. Treatment of Existing Ground 1. Removals should consist of all surficial deposits of artificial fill within the upper ±2 to ±3.0 feet, or alternatively, any slab should be designed as a structural slab, spanning between deepened footings, and not relying on the soil for support. Removed fill soils may be reused as fill, provided that the soil is cleaned of any deleterious material, moisture conditioned, and compacted to a minimum 90 percent relative compaction per ASTM D 1557. Removals should be completed throughout the site, and minimally at least five (5) feet beyond the limits of any settlement-sensitive improvement, or to a lateral distance equal to the depth of the removal beneath the improvement, whichever is greater. Should the removal and recompaction of existing artificial fill not be performed, a structural slab, spanning between footings, and not relying on soil for support, will be required. In that case, the minimum footing depths would be ±3 to ±4 feet deep. 2. In addition to removals within the building envelope, overexcavation of the underlying formational/bedrock soil should be performed in order to provide for at least four (4) feet of compacted fill below finish grade, or two (2) feet below the bottom of the deepest foundation, whichever is greater. 3. Subsequent to the above removals/overexcavation, the exposed bottom should be scarified to a depth of at least eight (8) inches, brought to at least optimum moisture content, and recompacted to a minimum relative compaction of 90 percent of the laboratory standard, prior to any fill placement. 4. Localized deeper removals may be necessary due to buried drainage channel meanders or dry porous materials, septic systems, etc., or deeper sections of the former reservoir that may be present. The project soils engineer/geologist should observe all removal areas during the grading. GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 8 5. Removed natural ground materials may be reused as compacted fill provided that major concentrations of vegetation and miscellaneous debris are removed from the site, prior to or during fill placement. See subsequent sections for a discussion of select grading. Fill Suitability Surficial onsite soils (artificial fill) generally appear to consist of silty sands with lesser quantities of gravels locally. Oversize material (12-inch plus) is not anticipated. Existing fill soils are very low expansive. Any soil import should be evaluated by this office prior to importing in order to assure compatibility with the onsite site soils and the recommendations presented in this report. Import soils, if used, should be relatively sandy and very low expansive (i.e., E.I. less than 20). Shrinkage/Bulking Based on our experience, a preliminary value of 8 to 15 percent shrinkage for topsoil/colluvium, and highly weathered formation may be considered. Cuts in formation may result in nominal shrinkage (ranging to ±5 percent). Fill Placement 1. Subsequent to ground preparation, fill materials should be brought to at least optimum moisture content, placed in thin 6- to 8-inch lifts, and mechanically compacted to obtain a minimum relative compaction of 90 percent of the laboratory standard. 2. Fill materials should be cleansed of major vegetation and debris prior to placement. Perimeter Conditions It should be noted, that the 2019 CBC (CBSC, 2019) indicates that removals of unsuitable soils be performed across all areas under the purview of the grading permit, not just within the influence of the proposed buildings. Relatively deep removals may also necessitate a special zone of consideration, on perimeter/confining areas. Any proposed improvement or future homeowner improvements such as walls, swimming pools, house additions, etc. that are located above a 1:1 (h:v) projection up from the outermost limit of the remedial grading excavations will require deepened foundations that extend below this plane. Other site improvements, such as pavements, constructed above the aforementioned plane would retain some potential for settlement and associated distress, which may require increased maintenance/repair or replacement. This potential should be disclosed to all interested/affected parties should remedial grading excavations be constrained by property lines. GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 9 Graded Slope Construction Based on site grades and the planned construction, graded fill and cut slope construction is not anticipated, or considered feasible. Fill Drainage Based on site grades and the planned construction, subdrainage is not anticipated, or considered feasible. Temporary Slopes Temporary slopes for excavations greater than 4 feet, but less than 20 feet in overall height should conform to CAL-OSHA and/or OSHA requirements for Type “B” soils. Temporary slopes, up to a maximum height of ±20 feet, may be excavated at a 1:1 (h:v) gradient, or flatter, provided groundwater and/or running sands are not exposed. Construction materials or soil stockpiles should not be placed within ‘H’ of any temporary slope where ‘H’ equals the height of the temporary slope. All temporary slopes should be observed by a licensed engineering geologist and/or geotechnical engineer prior to worker entry into the excavation. Groundwater The site lies approximately ±1.6 miles east of the Pacific Ocean, which would be considered the regional water table. Within the regional water table, groundwater is subject to tidal fluctuations when near the coast. Based on our review of site conditions, the regional groundwater table is anticipated to be at depths of greater than 50 feet below grade, and should not be of significant concern during site design/construction. Flooding/Inundation Based on our review of the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) website (https://msc.fema.gov), the site is located within a “minimal flood hazard area.” This should be further evaluated by the project design civil engineer. New Foundations Current laboratory testing indicates that the onsite soils exhibit expansion index values of less than 20. As such, site soils do not appear to meet the criteria of detrimentally expansive soils as defined in Section 1803.5.2 of the 2019 CBC (CBSC, 2019a). Concrete mix design should be designed to comply. Exposure classes S0 and C1, per ACI 318-14, should be followed. GSI does not practice in the field of corrosion engineering. Accordingly, consultation from a qualified corrosion engineer may obtained based on the GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 10 level of corrosion protection requirements by the project architect and structural engineer. From a geotechnical viewpoint, foundation construction should minimally conform to the following: 1. Exterior and interior footings should be founded at a minimum depth of 12 inches below the lowest adjacent grade, or embedded at least 12 inches into suitable GSI approved bearing material, whichever is deeper. If removal and recompaction is not performed, the depth would be about 3 to 4 feet (with a structural slab). Footing widths should be per Code. Isolated pad footings should be 24 inches square, by 24 inches deep, and minimally embedded at least 24 inches into suitable bearing soil, whichever is deeper. Isolated pad footings would need to be deepened similarly, if removal and recompaction is not performed. 2. All footings should be minimally reinforced with four No. 4 reinforcing bars, two placed near the top and two placed near the bottom of the footing. Isolated pad footing reinforcement should be per the structural engineer. 3. Interior and exterior column footings should be tied together via grade beams in at least one direction to the main foundation. The grade beam should be at least 12 inches square in cross section, and should be provided with a minimum of two No. 4 reinforcing bars at the top, and two No. 4 reinforcing bars at the bottom of the grade beam. The base of the reinforced grade beam should be at the same elevation as the adjoining footings. 4. A minimum concrete slab-on-grade thickness of 5 inches is recommended. 5. Concrete slabs should be reinforced with a minimum of No. 3 reinforcement bars placed at 18 inches on-center, in two horizontally perpendicular directions (i.e., long axis and short axis). Should removal and recompaction not be performed, the slab should be designed as a structural slab, spanning between footings, and not relying on the soil for support. 6. All slab reinforcement should be supported to ensure proper mid-slab height positioning during placement of the concrete. "Hooking" of reinforcement is not an acceptable method of positioning. 7. Slab subgrade pre-soaking is recommended for these soil conditions. Slab subgrade should be pre-wetted to at least the soils optimum moisture content, to a depth of 12 inches, prior to the placement of the underlayment sand and vapor retarder. 8. Loose and/or compressible materials likely occur at the surface, overlying suitable bearing material. As such, a deeper footing will likely be recommended, and should be anticipated. The depth of the deepened footing should be evaluated prior to the placement of reinforcing steel and foundational concrete. GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 11 9. Foundations should maintain a minimum 7-foot horizontal distance between the base of the footing and any adjacent descending slope, and minimally comply with the guidelines per the 2019 CBC (CBSC, 2019a). This may also result in a deeper footing than per plan. Floor Slabs GSI has evaluated the potential for vapor or water transmission through the concrete floor slabs, in light of typical floor coverings, improvements, and use. Please note that slab moisture emission rates range from about 2 to 27 lbs/24 hours/1,000 square feet from a typical slab (Kanare, 2005), while floor covering manufacturers generally recommend about 3 lbs/24 hours as an upper limit. The recommendations in this section are not intended to preclude the transmission of water or vapor through the foundation or slabs. Foundation systems and slabs shall not allow water or water vapor to enter into the structure so as to cause damage to another building component or to limit the installation of the type of flooring materials typically used for the particular application (State of California, 2020). These recommendations may be exceeded or supplemented by a water “proofing” specialist, project architect, or structural consultant. Thus, the client will need to evaluate the following in light of a cost vs. benefit analysis (owner expectations and repairs/replacement), along with disclosure to all interested/affected parties. It should also be noted that vapor transmission will occur in new slab-on-grade floors as a result of chemical reactions taking place within the curing concrete. Vapor transmission through concrete floor slabs as a result of concrete curing has the potential to adversely affect sensitive floor coverings depending on the thickness of the concrete floor slab and the duration of time between the placement of concrete, and the floor covering. It is possible that a slab moisture sealant may be needed prior to the placement of sensitive floor coverings if a thick slab-on-grade floor is used and the time frame between concrete and floor covering placement is relatively short. Considering the E.I. test results presented herein, and known soil conditions in the region, the anticipated typical water vapor transmission rates, floor coverings, and improvements (to be chosen by the Client and/or project architect) that can tolerate vapor transmission rates without significant distress, the following alternatives are provided: • Non-vehicular concrete slab-on-grade floors should be thicker than 5 inches. • Concrete slab underlayment should consist of a 15-mil vapor retarder, or equivalent, with all laps sealed per the 2019 CBC and the manufacturer’s recommendation. The vapor retarder should comply with the ASTM E 1745 - Class A criteria, and be installed in accordance with American Concrete Institute (ACI) 302.1R-04 and ASTM E 1643. An example of a vapor retarder product that complies with ASTM E 1745 - Class A criteria is Stego Industries, LLC’s Stego Wrap. GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 12 • The 15-mil vapor retarder (ASTM E 1745 - Class A) shall be installed per the recommendations of the manufacturer, including all penetrations (i.e., pipe, ducting, rebar, etc.). • Concrete slabs, shall be underlain by 2 inches of clean, washed sand (SE > 30) above a 15-mil vapor retarder (ASTM E-1745 - Class A, per Engineering Bulletin 119 [Kanare, 2005]) installed per the recommendations of the manufacturer, including all penetrations (i.e., pipe, ducting, rebar, etc.). The manufacturer shall provide instructions for lap sealing, including minimum width of lap, method of sealing, and either supply or specify suitable products for lap sealing (ASTM E 1745), and per code. ACI 302.1R-04 (2004) states “If a cushion or sand layer is desired between the vapor retarder and the slab, care must be taken to protect the sand layer from taking on additional water from a source such as rain, curing, cutting, or cleaning. Wet cushion or sand layer has been directly linked in the past to significant lengthening of time required for a slab to reach an acceptable level of dryness for floor covering applications.” Therefore, additional observation and/or testing will be necessary for the cushion or sand layer for moisture content, and relatively uniform thicknesses, prior to the placement of concrete. • The vapor retarder should be underlain by a capillary break consisting of at least 2 inches of clean sand (SE 30, or greater). The vapor retarder should be sealed to provide a continuous retarder under the entire slab, as discussed above. • Concrete should have a maximum water/cement ratio of 0.50. This does not supercede Table 19.3.1.1 of the ACI (2019) for corrosion or other corrosive requirements (such as coastal, location, etc.). Additional concrete mix design recommendations should be provided by the structural consultant and/or waterproofing specialist. Concrete finishing and workablity should be addressed by the structural consultant and a waterproofing specialist. • Where slab water/cement ratios are as indicated herein, and/or admixtures used, the structural consultant should also make changes to the concrete in the grade beams and footings in kind, so that the concrete used in the foundation and slabs are designed and/or treated for more uniform moisture protection. • The owner(s) should be specifically advised which areas are suitable for tile flooring, vinyl flooring, or other types of water/vapor-sensitive flooring and which are not suitable. In all planned floor areas, flooring shall be installed per the manufactures recommendations. • Additional recommendations regarding water or vapor transmission should be provided by the architect/structural engineer/slab or foundation designer and should be consistent with the specified floor coverings indicated by the architect. GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 13 Regardless of the mitigation, some limited moisture/moisture vapor transmission through the slab should be anticipated. Construction crews may require special training for installation of certain product(s), as well as concrete finishing techniques. The use of specialized product(s) should be approved by the slab designer and water-proofing consultant. A technical representative of the flooring contractor should review the slab and moisture retarder plans and provide comment prior to the construction of the foundations or improvements. The vapor retarder contractor should have representatives onsite during the initial installation. The above assumes that the surficial fill/colluvium has been removed and recompacted beneath the slab. If this is not the case, a structural slab is recommended. The structural slab should be designed to span between the footings, and not rely on the soil for support. RETAINING WALLS Conventional Retaining Walls The design parameters provided below assume that either very low expansive soils (typically Class 2 permeable filter material or Class 3 aggregate base) or native onsite materials with an expansion index less than 21 and a plasticity index less than 15 are used to backfill any retaining wall. The type of backfill (i.e., select or native), should be specified by the wall designer, and clearly shown on the plans. Building walls, below grade, should be water-proofed. The foundation system for the proposed retaining walls should be designed in accordance with the recommendations presented in this and preceding sections of this report, as appropriate. Footings should be embedded a minimum of 18 inches below the lowest adjacent grade (excluding landscape layer, 6 inches) and should be 24 inches in width. Planned retaining wall footings may need to be deepened where loose surficial soils are present, or to provide for the recommended setback to the slope face. Recommendations for specialty walls (i.e., crib, earthstone, geogrid, etc.) can be provided upon request, and would be based on site specific conditions. Retaining Wall Foundation Design The foundation design for retaining walls should incorporate the following recommendations: Minimum Footing Embedment - 18 inches below the lowest adjacent grade (excluding landscape layer [upper 6 inches]). Minimum Footing Width - 24 inches Allowable Bearing Pressure - An allowable bearing pressure of 2,500 pcf may be used in the preliminary design of retaining wall foundations provided that the footing GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 14 maintains a minimum width of 24 inches and extends at least 18 inches into approved engineered fill overlying dense formational materials. This pressure may be increased by one-third for short-term wind and/or seismic loads. The allowable bearing value may be increased by no more than 100 psf for each additional foot of width to a maximum allowable bearing of 3,000 psf, on a preliminary basis. Passive Earth Pressure - A passive earth pressure of 250 pcf with a maximum earth pressure of 2,500 psf may be used in the preliminary design of retaining wall foundations provided the foundation is embedded into suitable formation. Lateral Sliding Resistance - A 0.30 coefficient of friction may be utilized for a concrete to soil contact when multiplied by the dead load. When combining passive pressure and frictional resistance, the passive pressure component should be reduced by one-third. Backfill Soil Density - Soil densities ranging between 110 pcf and 120 pcf may be used in the design of retaining wall foundations. This assumes an average engineered fill compaction of at least 90 percent of the laboratory standard (ASTM D 1557). Footing depths may need to be deepened in order to penetrate any unsuitable, surficial soil, for adequate vertical and lateral bearing support. All retaining wall footing setbacks from slopes should comply with Figure 1808.7.1 of the 2019 CBC. GSI recommends a minimum horizontal setback distance of 7 feet as measured from the bottom, outboard edge of the footing to the slope face. Restrained Walls Any retaining walls that will be restrained prior to placing and compacting backfill material or that have re-entrant or male corners, should be designed for an at-rest equivalent fluid pressure (EFP) of 55 pounds per cubic foot (pcf) and 65 pcf for select and very low expansive native backfill, respectively. The design should include any applicable surcharge loading. For areas of male or re-entrant corners, the restrained wall design should extend a minimum distance of twice the height of the wall (2H) laterally from the corner. Cantilevered Walls The recommendations presented below are for cantilevered retaining walls up to 10 feet high. Design parameters for walls less than 3 feet in height may be superceded by City of Carlsbad and/or County of San Diego standard design. Active earth pressure may be used for retaining wall design, provided the top of the wall is not restrained from minor deflections. An equivalent fluid pressure approach may be used to compute the horizontal pressure against the wall. Appropriate fluid unit weights are given below for specific slope gradients of the retained material. These do not include other superimposed loading GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 15 conditions due to traffic, structures, seismic events or adverse geologic conditions. When wall configurations are finalized, the appropriate loading conditions for superimposed loads can be provided upon request. For preliminary planning purposes, the structural consultant should incorporate the surcharge of traffic on the back of retaining walls. The traffic surcharge may be taken as 100 psf/ft in the upper 5 feet of backfill for light truck and cars traffic within “H” feet from the back of the wall, where “H” equals the wall height. This does not include the surcharge of parked vehicles which should be evaluated at a higher surcharge to account for the effects of seismic loading. SURFACE SLOPE OF RETAINED MATERIAL (HORIZONTAL:VERTICAL) EQUIVALENT FLUID WEIGHT P.C.F. (SELECT BACKFILL)(2) EQUIVALENT FLUID WEIGHT P.C.F. (NATIVE BACKFILL)(3) Level(1) 2 to 1 38 55 50 605 Level backfill behind a retaining wall is defined as compacted earth materials, properly drained, without(1) a slope for a distance of 2H behind the wall, where H is the height of the wall. SE > 30, P.I. < 15, E.I. < 21, and < 10% passing No. 200 sieve.(2) E.I. = 0 to 50, SE > 30, P.I. < 15, E.I. < 21, and < 15% passing No. 200 sieve.(3) Seismic Surcharge For engineered retaining walls, and if required, GSI recommends that the walls be evaluated for a seismic surcharge (in general accordance with 2019 CBC requirements). The site walls in this category should maintain an overturning Factor-of-Safety (FOS) of approximately 1.25 when the seismic surcharge (increment), is applied. For restrained walls, the seismic surcharge should be applied as a uniform surcharge load from the bottom of the footing (excluding shear keys) to the top of the backfill at the heel of the wall footing. This seismic surcharge pressure (seismic increment) may be taken as 14H where "H" for retained walls is the dimension previously noted as the height of the backfill measured from the bottom of the footing to daylight above the heel of the wall footing. The resultant force should be applied at a distance 0.6 H up from the bottom of the footing. For the evaluation of the seismic surcharge, the bearing pressure may exceed the static value by one-third, considering the transient nature of this surcharge. For cantilevered walls the pressure should be an inverted triangular distribution using 14H. Reference for the seismic surcharge for Seismic Design Category “D” is Section 1803.5 of the 2019 CBC. Please note this is for local wall stability only. I I I I I --I GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 16 Retaining Wall Construction Wall foundation and wall construction shall be per the appropriate San Diego Regional Standard Drawing (SDRSD), or as indicated by the project engineer, for engineered walls. Any plans for engineered walls shall be reviewed by this office prior to construction. The foundation depths presented in this report should be considered minimums. Footing depths may need to be deepened in order to penetrate any unsuitable, surficial soil, or to maintain a minimum setback of 7 feet from the outside bottom edge of the footing to the face of slope. Retaining Wall Backfill and Drainage Positive drainage must be provided behind all retaining walls in the form of gravel wrapped in geofabric and outlets. A backdrain system is considered necessary for retaining walls that are 2 feet or greater in height. Details 1, 2, and 3, present the backdrainage options discussed below. Backdrains should consist of a 4-inch diameter perforated PVC or ABS pipe encased in either Class 2 permeable filter material or ¾-inch to 1½-inch gravel wrapped in approved filter fabric (Mirafi 140 or equivalent). For select backfill, the filter material should extend a minimum of 1 horizontal foot behind the base of the walls and upward at least 1 foot. For native backfill that has up to E.I. = 20, continuous Class 2 permeable drain materials should be used behind the wall. This material should be continuous (i.e., full height) behind the wall, and it should be constructed in accordance with the enclosed Detail 1 (Typical Retaining Wall Backfill and Drainage Detail). For limited access and confined areas, (panel) drainage behind the wall may be constructed in accordance with Detail 2 (Retaining Wall Backfill and Subdrain Detail Geotextile Drain). Materials with an expansion index (E.I.) potential of greater than 50 should not be used as backfill for retaining walls. For more onerous expansive situations, backfill and drainage behind the retaining wall should conform with Detail 3 (Retaining Wall And Subdrain Detail Clean Sand Backfill). Outlets should consist of a 4-inch diameter solid PVC or ABS pipe spaced no greater than ±100 feet apart, with a minimum of two outlets, one on each end. The use of weep holes, only, in walls higher than 2 feet, is not recommended. The surface of the backfill should be sealed by pavement or the top 18 inches compacted with native soil (E.I. # 50). Proper surface drainage should also be provided. For additional mitigation, consideration should be given to applying a water-proof membrane to the back of all retaining structures. The use of a waterstop should be considered for all concrete and masonry joints. Wall/Retaining Wall Footing Transitions Site walls are anticipated to be founded on footings designed in accordance with the recommendations in this report. Should wall footings transition from cut to fill, the civil designer may specify either: GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 20 a) A minimum of a 2-foot overexcavation and recompaction of cut materials for a distance of 2H, from the point of transition. b) Increase of the amount of reinforcing steel and wall detailing (i.e., expansion joints or crack control joints) such that a angular distortion of 1/360 for a distance of 2H on either side of the transition may be accommodated. Expansion joints should be placed no greater than 20 feet on-center, in accordance with the structural engineer’s/wall designer’s recommendations, regardless of whether or not transition conditions exist. Expansion joints should be sealed with a flexible, non-shrink grout. c) Embed the footings entirely into native formational material (i.e., deepened footings). If transitions from cut to fill transect the wall footing alignment at an angle of less than 45 degrees (plan view), then the designer should follow recommendation "a" (above) and until such transition is between 45 and 90 degrees to the wall alignment. Planting Water has been shown to weaken the inherent strength of all earth materials. Only the amount of irrigation necessary to sustain plant life should be provided. Over-watering should be avoided as it can adversely affect site improvements, and cause perched groundwater conditions. Plants selected for landscaping should be light weight, deep rooted types that require little water and are capable of surviving the prevailing climate. Utilizing plants other than those recommended above will increase the potential for perched water, staining, mold, etc., to develop. A rodent control program to prevent burrowing should be implemented. These recommendations regarding plant type, irrigation practices, and rodent control should be provided to all interested/affected parties. Drainage Adequate lot surface drainage is a very important factor in reducing the likelihood of adverse performance of foundations and hardscape. Surface drainage should be sufficient to prevent ponding of water anywhere on the property, and especially near structures. Lot surface drainage should be carefully taken into consideration during landscaping. Therefore, care should be taken that future landscaping or construction activities do not create adverse drainage conditions. Positive site drainage within the property should be provided and maintained at all times. Water should be directed away from foundations and not allowed to pond and/or seep into the ground. In general, the area within 5 feet around a structure should slope away from the structure. We recommend that unpaved lawn and landscape areas have a minimum gradient of 1 percent sloping away from structures, and whenever possible, should be above adjacent paved areas. Consideration should be given to avoiding construction of planters adjacent to structures. Site drainage should be directed toward the street or other approved area(s). Although not a geotechnical requirement, roof gutters, downspouts, or other appropriate means may be utilized to control roof drainage. GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 21 Downspouts, or drainage devices should outlet a minimum of 5 feet from structures or into a subsurface drainage system. Areas of seepage may develop due to irrigation or heavy rainfall, and should be anticipated. Minimizing irrigation will lessen this potential. If areas of seepage develop, recommendations for minimizing this effect could be provided upon request. Landscape Maintenance Only the amount of irrigation necessary to sustain plant life should be provided. Over-watering the landscape areas will adversely affect existing and proposed site improvements. We would recommend that any proposed open-bottom planters adjacent to proposed structures be eliminated for a minimum distance of 10 feet. As an alternative, closed-bottom type planters could be utilized. An outlet placed in the bottom of the planter, could be installed to direct drainage away from structures or any exterior concrete flatwork. If planters are constructed adjacent to structures, the sides and bottom of the planter should be provided with a moisture retarder to prevent penetration of irrigation water into the subgrade. Provisions should be made to drain the excess irrigation water from the planters without saturating the subgrade below or adjacent to the planters. Consideration should be given to the type of vegetation chosen and their potential effect upon surface improvements (i.e., some trees will have an effect on concrete flatwork with their extensive root systems). From a geotechnical standpoint leaching is not recommended for establishing landscaping. If the surface soils are processed for the purpose of adding amendments, they should be recompacted to 90 percent minimum relative compaction. Gutters and Downspouts As previously discussed in the drainage section, the installation of gutters and downspouts should be considered to collect roof water that may otherwise infiltrate the soils adjacent to the structures. If utilized, the downspouts should be drained into PVC collector pipes or non-erosive devices that will carry the water away from the house. Downspouts and gutters are not a geotechnical requirement provided that positive drainage is incorporated into project design (as discussed previously). Tile Flooring Tile flooring can crack, reflecting cracks in the concrete slab below the tile, although small cracks in a conventional slab may not be significant. Therefore, the designer should consider additional steel reinforcement for concrete slabs-on-grade where tile will be placed. The tile installer should consider installation methods that reduce possible cracking of the tile such as slipsheets. Slipsheets or a vinyl crack isolation membrane (approved by the Tile Council of America/Ceramic Tile Institute) are recommended between tile and concrete slabs on grade. GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 22 Subsurface and Surface Water Subsurface and surface water are generally anticipated to not significantly affect site development, provided that the recommendations contained in this report are properly incorporated into final design and construction and that prudent surface and subsurface drainage practices are incorporated into the construction plans. Perched groundwater conditions along zones of contrasting permeabilities may not be precluded from occurring in the future due to site irrigation, poor drainage conditions, or damaged utilities, and should be anticipated. Should perched groundwater conditions develop, this office could assess the affected area(s) and provide the appropriate recommendations to mitigate the observed groundwater conditions. Groundwater conditions may change with the introduction of irrigation, rainfall, or other factors. Site Improvements Recommendations for exterior concrete flatwork design and construction can be provided upon request. If in the future, any additional improvements (e.g., pools, spas, etc.) are planned for the site, recommendations concerning the geological or geotechnical aspects of design and construction of said improvements are recommended to be provided at that time. This office should be notified in advance of any fill placement, grading of the site, or trench backfilling after rough grading has been completed. This includes any grading, utility trench, and retaining wall backfills. Footing Trench Excavation All footing excavations should be observed by a representative of this firm subsequent to trenching and prior to concrete form and reinforcement placement. The purpose of the observations is to verify that the excavations are made into the recommended bearing material and to the minimum widths and depths recommended for construction. If loose or compressible materials are exposed within the footing excavation, a deeper footing or removal and recompaction of the subgrade materials would be recommended at that time. In general, deepened footings beyond the minimum depths indicated herein will likely be recommended, and should be anticipated. A preliminary test hole indicated relatively dense native soil at a depth of approximately 24 to 36 inches below existing grade. Based on this depth, without upper soil mitigation, footings should minimally be 36 to 48 inches deep. The Client may want to consider having a representative of GSI onsite at the start of foundation trenching to evaluate the depth to competent bearing soils and provide recommendations for footing embedment to the contractor performing the work. Footing trench spoil and any excess soils generated from utility trench excavations should be compacted to a minimum relative compaction of 90 percent, if not removed from the site. Trenching Considering the nature of the onsite soils, it should be anticipated that caving or sloughing could be a factor in subsurface excavations and trenching. Shoring or excavating the GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 23 trench walls at the angle of repose (typically 25 to 45 degrees) may be necessary and should be anticipated. All excavations should be observed by one of our representatives and minimally conform to Cal-OSHA and local safety codes. Utility Trench Backfill 1. All interior utility trench backfill should be brought to at least optimum moisture content and then compacted to obtain a minimum relative compaction of 90 percent of the laboratory standard. As an alternative for shallow (12-inch to 18-inch) under-slab trenches, sand having a sand equivalent value of 30, or greater, may be utilized and jetted or flooded into place. Observation, probing, and testing should be provided to verify the desired results. 2. Exterior trenches adjacent to, and within, areas extending below a 1:1 plane projected from the outside bottom edge of the footing, and all trenches beneath hardscape features and in slopes, should be compacted to at least 90 percent of the laboratory standard. Sand backfill, unless excavated from the trench, should not be used in these backfill areas. Compaction testing and observations, along with probing, should be accomplished to verify the desired results. 3. All trench excavations should conform to Cal-OSHA and local safety codes. 4. Utilities crossing grade beams, perimeter beams, or footings should either pass below the footing or grade beam utilizing a hardened collar or foam spacer, or pass through the footing or grade beam in accordance with the recommendations of the structural engineer. SUMMARY OF RECOMMENDATIONS REGARDING GEOTECHNICAL OBSERVATION AND TESTING We recommend that observation and/or testing be performed by GSI at each of the following construction stages: • During grading/recertification. • During significant excavation (i.e., higher than 4 feet). • During placement of subdrains or other subdrainage devices, prior to placing fill and/or backfill. • After excavation of building footings, retaining wall footings, and free standing walls footings, prior to the placement of reinforcing steel or concrete. GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 24 • Prior to pouring any slabs or flatwork, after presoaking/presaturation of building pads and other flatwork subgrade, before the placement of concrete, reinforcing steel, capillary break (i.e., sand, pea-gravel, etc.), or vapor retarders (i.e., visqueen, etc.). • During retaining wall subdrain installation, prior to backfill placement. • During placement of backfill for area drain, interior plumbing, utility line trenches, and retaining wall backfill. • During slope construction/repair. • When any unusual soil conditions are encountered during any construction operations, subsequent to the issuance of this report. • When any improvements, such as flatwork, spas, pools, walls, etc., are constructed. • A report of geotechnical observation and testing should be provided at the conclusion of each of the above stages, in order to provide concise and clear documentation of site work, and/or to comply with code requirements. OTHER DESIGN PROFESSIONALS/CONSULTANTS The design civil engineer, structural engineer, architect, landscape architect, wall designer, etc., should review the recommendations provided herein, incorporate those recommendations into all their respective plans, and by explicit reference, make this report part of their project plans. This report presents minimum design criteria for the design of slabs, foundations and other elements possibly applicable to the project. These criteria should not be considered as substitutes for actual designs by the structural engineer/designer. The structural engineer/designer should analyze actual soil-structure interaction and consider, as needed, bearing, expansive soil influence, and strength, stiffness and deflections in the various slab, foundation, and other elements in order to develop appropriate, design-specific details. As conditions dictate, it is possible that other influences will also have to be considered. The structural engineer/designer should consider all applicable codes and authoritative sources where needed. If analyses by the structural engineer/designer result in less critical details than are provided herein as minimums, the minimums presented herein should be adopted. It is considered likely that some, more restrictive details will be required. If the structural engineer/designer has any questions or requires further assistance, they should not hesitate to call or otherwise transmit their requests to GSI. In order to mitigate potential distress, the foundation and/or improvement’s designer should confirm to GSI and the governing agency, in writing, that the proposed foundations and/or improvements can tolerate the amount of differential settlement and/or expansion characteristics and design criteria specified herein. GeoSoils, Inc. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad June 8, 2020 File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 25 LIMITATIONS The materials encountered on the project site and utilized for our analysis are believed representative of the area; however, soil and bedrock materials vary in character between excavations and natural outcrops or conditions exposed during mass grading. Site conditions may vary due to seasonal changes or other factors. Inasmuch as our study is based upon our review, engineering analyses, and laboratory data, the conclusions and recommendations presented herein are professional opinions. These opinions have been derived in accordance with current standards of practice, and no warranty is express or implied. Standards of practice are subject to change with time. This report has been prepared for the purpose of providing soil design parameters derived from testing of a soil sample received at our laboratory, and does not represent an evaluation of the overall stability, suitability, or performance of the property for the proposed development. GSI assumes no responsibility or liability for work or testing performed by others, or their inaction; or work performed when GSI is not requested to be onsite, to evaluate if our recommendations have been properly implemented. Use of this report constitutes an agreement and consent by the user to all the limitations outlined above, notwithstanding any other agreements that may be in place. In addition, this report may be subject to review by the controlling authorities. Thus, this report brings to completion our scope of services for this portion of the project. The opportunity to be of service is sincerely appreciated. If you should have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact our office. Respectfully submitted, GeoSoils, Inc. Todd M. Page David W. Skelly Engineering Geologist, CEG 2083 Civil Engineer, RCE 47857 TMP/DWS/JPF/mn Attachments: Appendix - References Distribution: (2) Addressee (2 wet signed) GeoSoils, Inc. APPENDIX REFERENCES American Concrete Institute, 2014a, Building code requirements for structural concrete (ACI 318-14), and commentary (ACI 318R-14): reported by ACI Committee 318, dated September. _____, 2014b, Building code requirements for concrete thin shells (ACI 318.2-14), and commentary (ACI 318.2R-14), dated September. _____, 2004, Guide for concrete floor and slab construction: reported by ACI Committee 302; Designation ACI 302.1R-04, dated March 23. American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), 1998, Standard practice for installation of water vapor retarder used in contact with earth or granular fill under concrete slabs, Designation: E 1643-98 (Reapproved 2005). _____, 1997, Standard specification for plastic water vapor retarders used in contact with soil or granular fill under concrete slabs, Designation: E 1745-97 (Reapproved 2004). American Society of Civil Engineers, 2018a, Supplement 1 to Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures (ASCE/SEI 7-16), first printing, dated December 13. _____, 2018b, Errata for Minimum Design Loads and Associated Criteria for Buildings and Other Structures (ASCE/SEI 7-16), by ASCE, dated July 9. _____, 2017, Minimum design loads and associated criteria and other structures, ASCE Standard ASCE/SEI 7-16, published online June 19. _____, 2010, Minimum design loads for buildings and other structures, ASCE Standard ASCE/SEI 7-10. Blake, Thomas F., 2000, EQFAULT, A computer program for the estimation of peak horizontal acceleration from 3-D fault sources; Windows 95/98 version. Building News, 1995, CAL-OSHA, State of California, Construction Safety Orders, Title 8, Chapter 4, Subchapter 4, amended October 1. California Building Standards Commission, 2019a, California Building Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 2, Volume 2 of 2, based on the 2018 International Building Code, effective January 1, 2020. _____, 2019b, California Building Code, California Code of Regulations, Title 24, Part 2, Volume 1 of 2, Based on the 2018 International Building Code, effective January 1, 2020. GeoSoils, Inc.Mr. Danny Caldwell Appendix A File:e:\wp9\7800\7861a.eoa Page 2 California Code Of Regulations, 2011, CAL-OSHA State of California Construction and Safety Orders, dated February. California Department of Conservation, California Geological Survey (CGS), 2018, Earthquake fault zones, a guide for government agencies, property owners/developers, and geoscience practitioners for assessing fault rupture hazards in California: California Geological Survey Special Publication 42 (revised 2018), 93 p. California Office of Statewide Health Planning and Development (OSHPD), 2020, Seismic design maps, https://seismicmaps.org/. Cao, T., Bryant, W.A., Rowshandel, B., Branum, D., and Willis, C.J., 2003, The revised 2002 California probalistic seismic hazard maps, dated June, http://www.conversation.ca.gov/cgs/rghm/psha/fault_parameters/pdf/documents/ 2002_ca_hazardmaps.pdf. Cascade Stream Solutions, Caldwell Residential Improvements - Existing Topography, 1 sheet, scale:1"=20', undated. Kanare, H.M., 2005, Concrete floors and moisture, Engineering Bulletin 119, Portland Cement Association. Kennedy, M.P., and Tan, S.S., 2008, Geologic map of the San Diego 30' x 60' quadrangle, California:California Geological Survey, Regional Map No. 3, scale:1:100,000, Plate 1 of 2. Post-Tensioning Institute, 2014, Errata to standard requirements for design and analysis of shallow post-tensioned concrete foundations on expansive soils, PTI DC10.5-12, dated April 16. _____, 2013, Errata to standard requirements for design and analysis of shallow post-tensioned concrete foundations on expansive soils, PTI DC10.5-12, dated November 12. _____, 2012, Standard requirements for design and analysis of shallow post-tensioned concrete foundations on expansive soils, PTI DC10.5-12, dated December. _____, 2004, Design of post-tensioned slabs-on-ground, 3 edition.rd Sowers and Sowers, 1979, Unified soil classification system (After U. S. Waterways Experiment Station and ASTM 02487-667) in Introductory soil mechanics, New York. State of California, 2020, Civil Code, Sections 895 et. seq. Geotechnical C Geologic C Coastal C Environmental 5741 Palmer Way C Carlsbad, California 92010 C (760) 438-3155 C FAX (760) 931-0915 C www.geosoilsinc.com February 25, 2022 Revised March 9, 2022 W.O. 7861-A1-SC Mr. Danny Caldwell 3880 Westhaven Drive Carlsbad, California 92008 Subject: Response to Third-Party Review (First) and Plan Review, Proposed Improvements Revision, 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad, San Diego County, California APN 207-053-29-00 Dear Mr. Caldwell: In accordance with your request and authorization, GeoSoils, Inc. (GSI) has prepared the following response to third-party review and plan review for the subject site. The purpose of this response and review is to: 1) provide responses to the third-party review and plan review of the grading plan and 2) to clarify the previous geotechnical recommendations in regards to the newly proposed site improvements. Our geotechnical recommendations were first presented in the GeoSoils, Inc. report (GSI, 2020 ) dated June 4, 2020, and remain pertinent and valid, unless superceded herein. Foundation recommendations presented in our previous report (GSI, 2020) are still valid and applicable to the newly revised improvements (addition to front and rear of existing residence and 1 new ADU and 1 accessory structure in the rear yard) and should be implemented for the duration of the project. RESPONSE TO THIRD-PARTY REVIEW For convenience, the reviewers comments are listed below in italics, followed by GSI’s response. Review Comment No. 1 “The geotechnical letter submitted is for a proposed ADU. The grading plans submitted indicate the site is to be re-graded with a new single-family residence, two additional unidentified structures, retaining walls, graded slopes, and appurtenant improvements. The Consultant should provide a preliminary geotechnical investigation addressing site grading and construction, and the project seismic, grading and foundation recommendations consistent with requirements of the City of Carlsbad Technical Guidelines for Geotechnical Reports, the 2019 California Building Code and ASCE 7-16.” GeoSoils, Inc. Response to Review Comment No. 1 The reviewer appears to have misinterpreted the project plans. The two (2) unidentified structures are 1 ADU and 1 accessory structure. The existing single-family residence is to remain and additions to the front and rear of the existing residence are planned. The front addition will be a raised-wood type foundation to marry to the existing raised wood foundation (existing residence). A 2:1 fill slope will be constructed in the front yard to raise grade slightly to facilitate the proposed front yard patio addition. The rear addition and rear yard ADU and additional accessory structure will be slab-on-grade with perimeter footings type foundation systems. The grading will only be performed in the front and rear existing residence improvement areas, driveway expansion, and the proposed new ADU and accessory structure. The remainder of the site will remain untouched. Deepened footings will be used for the proposed perimeter walls and the raised wood front patio. Remedial grading should be performed at least 5 feet beyond the proposed foundation footprint for the slab on grade with perimeter footing foundations (i.e., ADU and accessory structure and rear addition). Where removals are constrained by the existing footing, a stem wall or retaining wall should be constructed in accordance with the recommendations of the structural engineer, considering the planned fill will be juxtaposed against the stem wall/retaining wall. The soils report for this project is a bearing value report (GSI, 2020) applicable to this type of site improvements, as per code. Review Comment No. 2 “The Consultant should review the project plans (Reference 2) and foundation plans, provide any additional geotechnical analyses/recommendations considered necessary, and confirm that the plans have been prepared in accordance with the geotechnical recommendations.” Response to Review Comment No. 2 Comment Acknowledged. GeoSoils, Inc. has reviewed the grading plan by Van Ryn Engineering (VRE, 2022), and foundation plan and structural details by Paul Christenson San Diego Engineering (PCSD, 2021) were found to be general conformance with the GSI soils report (GSI, 2020). Review Comment No. 3 “The Consultant should provide an updated geotechnical map utilizing the current grading plan for the project to clearly show (at minimum): a)existing site topography, b)proposed structures/improvements, c)proposed finished grades, d)geologic conditions, e) locations of the subsurface exploration, f)temporary construction slopes, g) remedial grading, etc.” Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A1-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad Revised March 9, 2022 File:e:\wp21\7800\7861a1.rrtt Page 2 GeoSoils, Inc. Response to Review Comment No. 3 An updated geotechnical map has been generated and is included at the rear of the text. Review Comment No. 4 “The consultant should address the gross and surficial stability of the proposed slopes.” Response to Review Comment No. 4 A slope stability analysis was performed on the proposed construction. The location of cross-sections A-A’ and B-B’ are shown on the revised geotechnical map located at the rear of the text. The site meets the minimum city requirements of 1.5 factor of safety (FOS) for proposed static condition (A-A’), and seismic condition (A-A’); and seismic and temporary slope conditions along B-B’ (ADU) were also analyzed for slope stability. Slope stability analysis methodology is described in Appendix B. Slope stability results are included in Appendix B. Review Comment No. 5 “The Consultant should address the feasibility of the proposed grading and construction from a geotechnical perspective.” Response to Review Comment No. 5 According to review of the grading plan by Van Ryn Engineering (VRE, 2022) and foundation/structural details by Paul Christenson San Diego (PCSD, 2021), the proposed grading and construction appear to be feasible, provided the project is completed with the recommendations contained within our soils report (GSI, 2020), for the duration of the project. The extent of grading will be limited to the main residence front yard area where a small 2:1 slope approximately 3 feet high is planned and rear of the existing residence where an addition is planned, east side of driveway, and lower rear slope areas where 1 ADU and 1 accessory structure are planned. Some fine grading will be performed to widen the driveway and construct infiltration structures. The front patio addition will be raised wood type foundation construction. The remaining new foundations, consisting of slab-on-grade with perimeter footings, will require remedial grading to at least 5 feet outside the proposed foundation footprint (rear addition, and 1 ADU and 1 accessory structure), as discussed previously. Some confining conditions will be encountered adjacent the existing residence. As such, alternating A-B-C slot cuts, not to exceed 5 feet in width should be employed to facilitate removals adjacent the existing residence. The foundation of the existing residence is raised wood with perimeter footings and interior isolated piers. The proposed rear addition is to be slab on grade with perimeter footings. The joining of these two different foundation types may lead to differential settlement Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A1-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad Revised March 9, 2022 File:e:\wp21\7800\7861a1.rrtt Page 3 GeoSoils, Inc. issues. The structural engineer should address this condition and provide recommendations for mitigation. Review Comment No. 6 “The Consultant should address impacts to adjacent property and improvements as a result of site grading and construction.” Response to Review Comment No. 6 Site perimeter condition recommendations are discussed on page 8 of the GeoSoils report (GSI, 2020). Since the graded fill slope proposed in the center of the rear yard will only be 5 feet high, minimal grading is anticipated. Footings for the planned perimeter walls will be deepened into formational soils, approximately 2½ to 3 feet below the ground surface. No permanent adjacent structures should be affected by perimeter wall construction consisting of deepened footings. BACKGROUND AND NEWLY PROPOSED IMPROVEMENTS Our previous geotechnical evaluation was performed on May 20, 2020 and consisted of the excavation of three (3) shallow hand-auger borings in the front and rear of the existing residence, and in the vicinity of the previously proposed accessory dwelling unit (ADU). A bearing value report was issued by GSI for the subject site on June 4, 2020. After the initially proposed improvements consisting of one rear yard ADU near the center of the rear base of slope and additions to the front and rear of the existing residence, the site improvements were expanded to include an accessory structure at the south portion of the base of the rear yard slope and the original ADU was moved to the north side of the base of slope. LIMITATIONS The conclusions and recommendations presented herein are professional opinions. These opinions have been derived in accordance with current standards of practice, and no warranty is express or implied. Standards of practice are subject to change with time. GSI assumes no responsibility or liability for work or testing performed by others, or their inaction; or work performed when GSI is not requested to be onsite, to evaluate if our recommendations have been properly implemented. Use of this report constitutes an agreement and consent by the user to all the limitations outlined above, notwithstanding any other agreements that may be in place. In addition, this report may be subject to review by the controlling authorities. Thus, this report brings to completion our scope of services for this portion of the project. Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A1-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad Revised March 9, 2022 File:e:\wp21\7800\7861a1.rrtt Page 4 GeoSoils, Inc. The opportunity to be of service is sincerely appreciated. If you should have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact our office. Respectfully submitted, GeoSoils, Inc. Todd M. Page Stephen J. Coover Engineering Geologist, CEG 2083 Geotechnical Engineer, GE 2057 TMP/JPF/SJC/sh Attachments: Appendix A - References Appendix B - Slope Stability Analysis Plate 1 - Geotechnical Map Distribution: Addressee (PDF via email) Mr. Danny Caldwell W.O. 7861-A1-SC 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad Revised March 9, 2022 File:e:\wp21\7800\7861a1.rrtt Page 5 GeoSoils, Inc. APPENDIX A REFERENCES GeoSoils, Inc. APPENDIX A REFERENCES Das, B. M., 1993, Principals of soil dynamics, Southern Illinois University at Carbondale, PWS-Kent Publishing Company, Boston. GeoSoils, Inc., 2020, Evaluation of allowable bearing value, active, passive pressures, lateral pressures, and seismic and retaining wall design parameters, proposed additional dwelling unit (ADU) at 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad, California, W.O. 7861-A-SC, dated June 5. Griffiths, D. H. and King, R. F., 1965, Applied Geophysics for engineers and geologists, Pergamon Press, reprinted 1976. Heatherington Engineering, Inc., 2021, Third-party geotechnical review (first), 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad, California, GR2021-0046/PD2021-0045 Hunt, R. E., 1986, Geotechnical Engineering analysis and evaluation, McGraw-Hill Book Company. Paul Christenson San Diego Engineering, 2021a, Structural design calculations, PCSD File #: 21-195, sheets S2 and SD1, dated April 20, 2021, sheets S1, S3, SD2, SD3, SN1, dated May 12, 2021, and sheets WSW1 and WSW2, dated July 1, 2016. _____, 2021b, Foundation Plans and structural details, sheets, job # 21-195, scale:1/4"=1', dated May 12. Van Ryn Civil Engineering/Land Surveying, 2022, Grading plans for 3880 Westhaven Drive, Carlsbad, California, 5 sheets, scale:1"=10', undated. GeoSoils, Inc. APPENDIX B SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS GeoSoils, Inc. APPENDIX B SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSIS INTRODUCTION OF GSTABL7 v.2 COMPUTER PROGRAM Introduction GSTABL7 v.2 is a fully integrated slope stability analysis program. It permits the engineer to develop the slope geometry interactively and perform slope analysis from within a single program. The slope analysis portion of GSTABL7 v.2 uses a modified version of the popular STABL program, originally developed at Purdue University. GSTABL7 v.2 performs a two dimensional limit equilibrium analysis to compute the factor of safety (FOS) for a layered slope using the Modified Bishop or Simplified Janbu methods. This program can be used to search for the most critical surface or the FOS may be determined for specific surfaces. GSTABL7, Version 2, is programmed to handle: 1. Heterogenous soil systems 2. Anisotropic soil strength properties 3. Reinforced slopes 4. Nonlinear Mohr-Coulomb strength envelope 5. Pore water pressures for effective stress analysis using: a. Phreatic and piezometric surfaces b. Pore pressure grid c. R factor d. Constant pore water pressure 6. Pseudo-static earthquake loading 7. Surcharge boundary loads 8. Automatic generation and analysis of an unlimited number of circular, noncircular, and block-shaped failure surfaces 9. Analysis of right-facing slopes 10. Both SI and Imperial units General Information If the reviewer wishes to obtain more information concerning slope stability analysis, the following publications may be consulted initially: 1. The Stability of Slopes, by E.N. Bromhead, Surrey University Press, Chapman and Hall, N.Y., 411 pages, ISBN 412 01061 5, 1992. 2. Rock Slope Engineering, by E. Hoek and J.W. Bray, Inst. of Mining and Metallurgy, London, England, Third Edition, 358 pages, ISNB 0 900488 573, 1981. GeoSoils, Inc. 3. Landslides: Analysis and Control, by R.L. Schuster and R.J. Krizek (editors), Special Report 176, Transportation Research Board, National Academy of Sciences, 234 pages, ISBN 0 309 02804 3, 1978. 4. Landslides: Investigation and Mitigation, by A.K. Turner and R.J. Krizek (editors), Special Report 247, Transportation Research Board, National Research Board, 675 pages, ISBN 0 309 06208-X, 1996. GSTABL7 v.2 Features The present version of GSTABL7 v.2 contains the following features: 1. Allows user to calculate FOS for static stability and seismic stability evaluations. 2. Allows user to analyze stability situations with different failure modes. 3. Allows user to edit input for slope geometry and calculate corresponding FOS. 4. Allows user to readily review on-screen the input slope geometry. 5. Allows user to automatically generate and analyze defined numbers of circular, non-circular and block-shaped failure surfaces (i.e., bedding plane, slide plane, etc.). Input Data Input data includes the following items: 1. Unit weight, cohesion, and friction angle of earth materials and bedding planes. 2. Slope geometry and surcharge boundary loads. 3. Apparent dip of bedding planes can be specified in angular range (i.e., from 0 to 90 degrees). 4. Pseudo-static (seismic) earthquake loading. A seismic coefficient of 0.15i and a peak horizontal ground acceleration PGAM of 0.535 g were used in the seismic analyses. 5. Soil parameters used in the slope stability analyses are provided in Table B-2. Mr. Danny Caldwell Appendix B File:e:\wp21\7800\7861a1.rrtt Page 2 GeoSoils, Inc. TABLE B-1 SOIL MATERIALS SOIL UNIT WEIGHT (pcf) STATIC SHEAR STRENGTH PARAMETERS Total Saturated C (psf)M (degrees) Artificial Fill (Af)125 130 50 28 Tertiary Santiago Formation (Tsa)130 135 162 31 Seismic Discussion Seismic stability analyses were approximated using a pseudo-static approach. The major difficulty in the pseudo-static approach arises from the appropriate selection of the seismic coefficient used in the analysis. The use of a static inertia force equal to this acceleration during an earthquake (rigid-body response) would be extremely conservative for several reasons including: (1) only low height, stiff/dense embankments or embankments in confined areas may respond essentially as rigid structures; (2) an earthquake's inertia force is enacted on a mass for a short time period. Therefore, replacing a transient force by a pseudo-static force representing the maximum acceleration may be considered overly conservative; (3) assuming that total pseudo-static loading is applied evenly throughout the embankment for an extended period of time is an incorrect assumption, as the length of the failure surface analyzed is usually much greater than the wave length of seismic waves generated by earthquakes; and (4) the seismic waves would place portions of the mass in compression and some in tension, resulting in only a limited portion of the failure surface analyzed moving in a downslope direction, at any one instant of earthquake loading. The coefficients usually suggested by regulating agencies, counties and municipalities are in the range of 0.05g to 0.25g. For example, past regulatory guidelines within the city and county of Los Angeles indicated that the slope stability pseudostatic coefficient = 0.1 to 0.15i. The method developed by Krinitzsky, Gould, and Edinger (1993) which was in turn based on Taniguchi and Sasaki (1986), was referenced. This method is based on empirical data and the performance of existing earth embankments during seismic loading. Our review of “Guidelines for Evaluating and Mitigating Seismic Hazards in California” California Department of Conservation, California Geological Survey ([CGS], 2008) indicates the State of California recommends using pseudo-static coefficient of 0.15i for design earthquakes of M 8.25 or greater and using 0.1 for earthquake parameter M 6.5. Therefore, for reasonable conservatism, a seismic coefficient of 0.15i was used in our analysis for a M7.2 event on the Rose Canyon fault. GSI also incorporated a peak horizontal ground acceleration (PGAM) of 0.432 g into the seismic analysis. Mr. Danny Caldwell Appendix B File:e:\wp21\7800\7861a1.rrtt Page 3 GeoSoils, Inc. Output Information Output information includes: 1. All input data. 2. FOS for the 10 most critical surfaces for static and pseudo-static stability situation. 3. High quality plots can be generated. The plots include the slope geometry, the critical surfaces and the FOS. 4. Note, that in the analysis, 4,999 trial surfaces were analyzed for each section for either static or pseudo-static analyses. Results of Slope Stability Calculations Table D-2 provides a summary of the results of our stability analyses. Computer printouts from the GSTABL7 program are included as Plates D-1 through D-6. TABLE B-2 - SUMMARY OF SLOPE STABILITY ANALYSES ANALYSIS FACTOR-OF-SAFETY (FOS) EXISTING SLOPE CONDITION METHOD COMMENTS STATIC SEISMIC Section A-A’1.92 1.36 Modified Bishop Adequate Static & Seismic FOS Section B-B’1.64 1.22 Modified Bishop Adequate Static & Seismic FOS Mr. Danny Caldwell Appendix B File:e:\wp21\7800\7861a1.rrtt Page 4 I I I I I I I 0204060801001201402402602803007861-A-SC CALDWELL A-A' SECTION - SEISMICx:\shared\word perfect data\carlsbad\7800\7861 danny caldwell\slope stability\7861-a x-x' section seismic.pl2 Run By: Username 2/11/2022 01:00PM1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1122222L1bcdefghijaInit Points: 30. to 50.Term Limits: 85. to 110.# FSa 1.360b 1.360c 1.360d 1.361e 1.361f 1.361g 1.361h 1.362i 1.362j 1.362SoilDesc.AfTsaSoilTypeNo.12TotalUnit Wt.(pcf)125.0130.0SaturatedUnit Wt.(pcf)130.0135.0CohesionIntercept(psf)50.0162.0FrictionAngle(deg)28.031.0PorePressureParam.0.150.10Piez.SurfaceNo.00Load ValueL1 1000 psfPeak(A) 0.535(g)kh Coef. 0.150(g)<kv Coef. 0.050(g)/\GSTABL7 v.2 FSmin=1.360Safety Factors Are Calculated By The Modified Bishop MethodW.O. 7861-A1-SC PLATE B-1 0204060801001201402402602803007861-A-SC CALDWELL A-A' SECTION - STATICx:\shared\word perfect data\carlsbad\7800\7861 danny caldwell\slope stability\7861-a x-x' section static.pl2 Run By: Username 2/11/2022 12:59PM1 2 3 4 5 6 7 1122222L1bcdefghijaInit Points: 30. to 50.Term Limits: 85. to 110.# FSa 1.924b 1.924c 1.924d 1.924e 1.924f 1.924g 1.925h 1.925i 1.927j 1.927SoilDesc.AfTsaSoilTypeNo.12TotalUnit Wt.(pcf)125.0130.0SaturatedUnit Wt.(pcf)130.0135.0CohesionIntercept(psf)50.0162.0FrictionAngle(deg)28.031.0PorePressureParam.0.150.10Piez.SurfaceNo.00Load ValueL1 1000 psfGSTABL7 v.2 FSmin=1.924Safety Factors Are Calculated By The Modified Bishop MethodW.O. 7861-A1-SC PLATE B-2 0204060801001201402402602803007861-A-SC CALDWELL B-B' SECTION TEMPORARY CUT - SEISMICx:\shared\word perfect data\carlsbad\7800\7861 danny caldwell\slope stability\7861-a b-b' section seismic.pl2 Run By: Username 2/11/2022 12:57PM1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 111222222L1bcdefghijaInit Points: 55.9 to 56.Term Limits: 85. to 110.# FSa 1.222b 1.222c 1.222d 1.222e 1.223f 1.223g 1.223h 1.223i 1.223j 1.223SoilDesc.AfTsaSoilTypeNo.12TotalUnit Wt.(pcf)125.0130.0SaturatedUnit Wt.(pcf)130.0135.0CohesionIntercept(psf)50.0162.0FrictionAngle(deg)28.031.0PorePressureParam.0.150.08Piez.SurfaceNo.00Load ValueL1 1000 psfPeak(A) 0.535(g)kh Coef. 0.150(g)<kv Coef. 0.050(g)/\GSTABL7 v.2 FSmin=1.222Safety Factors Are Calculated By The Modified Bishop MethodW.O. 7861-A1-SC PLATE B-3 0204060801001201402402602803007861-A-SC CALDWELL B-B' SECTION TEMPORARY CUT - STATICx:\shared\word perfect data\carlsbad\7800\7861 danny caldwell\slope stability\7861-a b-b' section static.pl2 Run By: Username 2/11/2022 12:54PM1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 111222222L1bcdefghijaInit Points: 55.9 to 56.Term Limits: 85. to 110.# FSa 1.648b 1.648c 1.648d 1.648e 1.648f 1.648g 1.649h 1.649i 1.649j 1.649SoilDesc.AfTsaSoilTypeNo.12TotalUnit Wt.(pcf)125.0130.0SaturatedUnit Wt.(pcf)130.0135.0CohesionIntercept(psf)50.0162.0FrictionAngle(deg)28.031.0PorePressureParam.0.150.08Piez.SurfaceNo.00Load ValueL1 1000 psfGSTABL7 v.2 FSmin=1.648Safety Factors Are Calculated By The Modified Bishop MethodW.O. 7861-A1-SC PLATE B-4 ALL LOCATIONS ARE APPROXIMATE This document or efile is not a part of the Construction Documents and should not be relied upon as being anaccurate depiction of design. W.O.DATE:SCALE:7861-A-SC 02/22 1" = 20' Plate 1 GEOTECHNICAL MAP GSI LEGEND Tsa B-3 Afu B-1 B-2 B-3 Tsa Tsa Tsa Afu Tsa Afu Tsa B B' A A' N B B' CURBJl /TOR / / s I I ,---- \ \ \ RE'i1SION DESCRIPTION --------------------------------- \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ .-'\ --------\ \ \ --------> -------- ----\ EXISTING STRUCTURE TO REMAIN \ 264.76 TW (264.50 B 2 NG //;) WA~ EMAIN /~ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ \ ----_;. LOT/4 APN: 201-053-30 I \ . I \ I \ I \ ,,, re:,-. I I / 'y,,, r--) \ ...._ I I \ \ I I I LOI 12r--. .:CV "AS BUILT" RCE6l912 EXP.9/l0/22 DAlE ~ I \ I \ / fN 207-153-28 20 GRAPHIC SCALE 0 10 20 !" = 20' \ 40 \ LOT26 APN: 207-053-15 LOT27 APN· 207-053-16 LOT3 APN· 207-062-06 LOT4 APN.· 207-062-07 --?..., ...,.._ ... I - AR11FIC/AL FILL -UNDOCUMENTED TER11ARY SAN11AGO FORMA 110N, CIRCLED WHERE BURIED APPROX/MA TE LOCA 110N OF GEOLOGIC CONTACT, QUERIED WHERE UNCERTAIN APPROX/MA TE LOCA 110N OF HAND-AUGER BORING APPROXJMA TE LOCA 110N OF GEOLOGIC CROSS SEC110N