HomeMy WebLinkAboutSDP 2019-0005; BMW CARLSBAD; BMW Carlsbad SB 743 Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) Analysis; 2020-11-16--
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FEHR,f PEERS
Memorandum
Date:
To:
From:
Subject:
November 16, 2020
Cliff Powell, AutoNation
Katy Cole and Cecily Taylor, Fehr & Peers
BMW Carlsbad SB 743 Vehicle Miles Traveled CVMn Analysis
SD20 0354
This memorandum presents the Vehicle Miles Traveled (VMT) analysis for the proposed BMW
Carlsbad project (the "project") located in Carlsbad, California. The project is applying under the
Class 32 Infill Exemption per the California Environmental Quality Act (CEQA) (15332). A detailed
VMT analysis is not required; however, a criterion for utilizing a Class 32 Infill Exemption is:
"Approval of the project would not result in any significant effects relating to traffic, noise, air
quality, or water quality" (CEQA Guidelines, 2019, page 281 ) .
This memorandum evaluates the effect that the proposed project would have on regional VMT to
assist the applicant and City of Carlsbad confirm that the project is not presumed to result in any
significant effects related to traffic. Note that the criterion in the CEQA Guidelines identifies
"effects relating to traffic" and does not specifically identify evaluation of VMT; however, given
VMT is the new transportation metric per SB 743 and required in the current CEQA Guidelines this
memorandum presents information on the effect that the project will have on VMT. The VMT
analysis was conducted consistent with the methodologies described in the City of Carlsbad's
VMT Analysis Guidelines, June 2020 .
The proposed project is located within the City of Carlsbad on Car Country Drive, just south of
Cannon Road. The project entails closing the existing BMW Encinitas dealership and automobile
repair center and relocating those operations to the proposed project site in Carlsbad. The new
location in Carlsbad will have a similar scale of operations (in terms of the number of anticipated
customers) as the existing Encinitas site. In addition, the new location in Carlsbad has previously
operated as a car dealership and repair uses .
The findings of the VMT analysis (presented in detail below) are that the BMW Carlsbad project is
not expected to result in a net increase in total regional VMT compared to the no project
condition. Accordingly, as a regional retail project, the project will have a less than significant VMT
transportation impact per the City of Carlsbad guidelines.
www.fehra11dpeers.com
BMW Carlsbad VMT Analysis
November 16, 2020
Page 2 of 9
Detailed VMT Analysis
The City of Carlsbad has prepared guidelines for performing VMT analysis per SB 743 that are
generally consistent with the QPR Technical Advisory. As a regional retail project, BMW Carlsbad
would have a significant VMT impact if the project is expected to cause a net increase in regional
VMT compared to the no project condition. The methodology and analysis to determine the
change in reg ional VMT due to the BMW Carlsbad project is as follows:
Step 1: Project Screening
The first step in performing transportation VMT impact analysis is to compare the project
characteristics to the City of Carlsbad 's screening criteria to determine if the project can be
presumed to have a less-than-significant impact. The screening criteria are detailed in Table 1.
Table 1: BMW Carlsbad VMT Screening Analysis
Screening A 1 • Is the Project
Criteria na ysis Screened?
Small Project
A small project is defined in the City of Carlsbad guidelines as
generating less than 110 daily trips after applying trip-reduction
strategies.
Per the BMW of Carlsbad Transportation Impact Analysis (RK
Engineering Group, Inc., November 2020) and using the San Diego
Association of Governments (SANDAG)'s (Not So) Brief Guide of
Vehicular Traffic Generation Rates for the San Diego Region (2002), the
BMW Carlsbad project is anticipated to generate 2,779 total net daily
trips. Note that this calculation is specific to the project site in Carlsbad
and does not account for the closure of the existing Encinitas BMW.
2,779 daily trips are greater than 110 daily trips; therefore, the project is
not considered a small project.
The City of Carlsbad guidelines state that projects proposed within ½
mile of the Carlsbad Village Coaster Station, the Carlsbad Poinsettia
Coaster Station, or the Plaza Camino Real transit center would be
No
Projects Located presumed to have a less than significant VMT impact as long as project No
Near Transit features do not otherwise indicate high VMT generation.
Local-Serving
Retail
The project is farther than ½ mile from each of the listed transit stops,
and therefore is not located near transit.
Local-serving retail is defined in the City of Carlsbad guidelines as
development under 50,000 sf in size. The proposed BMW Carlsbad
project consists of 69,161 sf of retail development, and furthermore No
based on historic BMW Encinitas customer data is not considered to be
local-serving.
BMW Carlsbad VMT Analysis
November 16, 2020
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Table 1: BMW Carlsbad VMT Screening Analysis
Screening A 1 • Is the Project
Criteria na ysis Screened?
Local-Serving
Public Facility
Affordable
Housing
Redevelopment
Project
The project is not a public facility and therefore this screening category No does not apply to BMW Carlsbad.
The project is not a residential development and therefore this
screening category does not apply to BMW Carlsbad.
The City of Carlsbad guidelines state that a redevelopment project can
be screened out from preparing a VMT analysis if the proposed
project's total VMT is less than the existing land use's total VMT.
BMW Carlsbad is redeveloping an existing automobile plaza center,
containing automobile smog and repair services, rental facilities, and a
No
previous dealers hip site. However, the existing uses to be displaced No
generate substantially fewer trips than the proposed dealership, as
indicated by the trip generation calculation in the BMW of Carlsbad
Transportation Impact Analysis (RK Engineering Group, Inc., November
2020). Therefore, these existing uses to be displaced are not expected
to generate substantial VMT as compared to the proposed project, and
accord ingly the project does not meet the screening criterion.
Source: Fehr & Peers, 2020.
As shown in Table 1, the project does not meet the City of Carlsbad's VMT screening. Therefore, a
VMT analysis is necessary for the project to determine if the project has VMT transportation
impacts.
Step 2: VMT Analysis: Model Calculations
The second step for a regional retail project that is not screened out in Step 1 is to estimate the
project's VMT using a model. Project VMT for BMW Carlsbad is estimated in this analysis by a
sketch model based on detailed information regarding customer travel, employee travel, and
project operations. This estimate is more accurate than would be possible using a travel demand
model, which does not distinguish between types of retail uses, does not have detailed
information on the dealership's customer base or employee home locations, and would not
accurately capture travel behavior for this special land use.
The regional change in total VMT attributed to the BMW dealership relocation and other project
features for a Saturday (the day when the dealership generates the most VMT) is described in the
following sections and summarized in Table 2. This estimate is considered to be a worst-case
scenario in that it does not account for additional efficiencies that are expected to occur at the
new location, which are discussed in the section entitled "Other Efficiencies."
BMW Carlsbad VMT Analysis
November 16, 2020
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Table 2: BMW Carlsbad Saturday VMT Estimates
Existing Site Project Site Net Change
VMT per Customer Round-Trip
Saturday Customer Round-Trips
Saturday VMT from Customers Subtotal [A]
VMT per Employee Round -Trip (without TOM)
Saturday Employee Round -Trips
Saturday VMT from Employees Subtotal [BJ (without
TOM)
Existing Uses at Project Site to be Replaced [Cl
Saturday VMT due to Location Subtotal [A+B+C]
VMT Reduction due to Alternative Modes for
Employee Commutes [D]
Saturday VMT to Access Off-Site Car Inventory [El
Saturday VMT due to Features Subtotal [D+E]
Source: Data provided by AutoNation; Fehr & Peers, 2020.
Notes:
60.52
135
8,770
37.27
90
3,354
11,524
-168
86
-82
64.20
135
8,666
36.90
90
3,327
-679*
11,308
-415
-415
+3.68
+496
-0.37
-33
-679
-216
-247
-86
-333
VMT from Customers and VMT from Employees Subtotals are calculated by multiplying VMT per Round-Trip and the
number of Round-Trips anticipated on a Saturday for each population type. For example, 60.54 VMT per Customer Round-
Trip x 135 Saturday Customer Round-Trips = 8,173 VMT generated by Customers on a Saturday.
* Based on weekday trip generation for existing uses per the BMW of Carlsbad Transportation Impact Analysis, (RK
Engineering Group, Inc., November 2020). The VMT estimate does not account for higher Saturday trip generation and
assumes an average trip length of only one (1) mile in order to present a conservative project VMT estimate.
VMT Due to Land Use Location
Because the project will be located less than 10 miles away from the existing site, it is assumed
that the customer base and employee distribution will not change with the relocation. Detailed
zip code data of current employees and customers from 2017-2020 is presented in Appendix A.
A geospatial analysis was performed to determine the driving distance from the centroid of each
zip code to the existing location and to the proposed project location. These two sets of distances
were used to calculate the difference in VMT generated by each employee and each customer
based on making one (1) round-trip to each location. The analysis determined that the average
employee would need to travel 0.37 mile less on a round-trip to the new location as compared to
the existing location, while the average customer will need to travel 3.68 miles farther (see
Table 2). Each employee and customer round-trip is assumed to be made by car, such that these
average distances are equivalent to vehicle miles.
BMW Carlsbad VMT Analysis
November 16, 2020
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Existing customer operations are summarized in Table 3. As shown, Saturdays are the busiest day
for the existing site, serving approximately 48 car service customers and 38 car sales customers.
According to AutoNation, these customer operations also generally require all 90 existing
employees to work on Saturdays. While each employee and car sales customer will make one (1)
round-trip to the dealership, service customers generally make two (2) round-trips: one to drop
off the car and another to pick up the ca r after service. Assuming that both customer sets have
the same geographic distribution, service customers accordingly generate twice as much VMT as
sales customers. Finally, it is assumed that the busiest day at the Carlsbad location will generate
the same number of customer trips and require the same number of employees as the existing
location does. While the project's TDM Plan (see BMW of Carlsbad Transportation Demand
Management Plan, prepared by RK Engineering Group, Inc., November 2020) presents 133 project
employees, there is no specific plan to expand operations at this time, and accordingly only 90
employees are assumed in this report.
Table 3: BMW Encinitas Customer Operations
Type of Customer Visits Per Week Schedule Weekday Round-Trips Saturday Round-Trips
Service 286 Mon -Sat 96 96
Body shop 28 Mon -Fri 12 0
Sales 109 Mon -Sun 7 39
Total 115 135
Source: Data provided by AutoNation; Fehr & Peers, 2020.
Notes:
Each service and body shop visit is assumed to generate two (2) round-trips: one to drop of the car and another to pick
it up. Each sales visit is assumed to generate one (1 ) round-trip.
Weekday and Saturday round-trips are rounded up to the nearest integer.
It is also noted that employees might make mid-day trips, such as over a lunch break. However,
these trips are expected to be local, such as to a nearby restaurant or other locally-serving retail,
such that the nature of these trips will not substantially contribute to VMT and will not
substantially change in length due to the relocation to Carlsbad. Therefore, the VMT estimates for
employees presented in this document calculates only the VMT associated with commutes, which
have the largest contribution to employee-generated VMT and are the most accurate to estimate
based on available data.
The final contributing factor to VMT based on project location is accounting for the VMT
generated by existing uses at the Carlsbad site that will be closed with the project. Per the BMW
of Carlsbad Transportation Impact Analysis (RK Engineering Group, Inc., November 2020), a
combination of existing automobile sales and automobile repair center uses will be closed that
currently generate 679 trips on a weekday. While Saturday trip generation is expected to be
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BMW Carlsbad VMT Analy5is
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higher, a credit of only 679 trips was assumed for the calculation in Table 2, and these trips were
assumed to have an average trip length of only one (1) mile. These assumptions result in a
conservative amount of credit for existing uses and accordingly generate a worst-case project
VMT estimate. As shown in Table 2, average trip lengths at the BMW Encinitas site are
approximately 30 miles for customers and 19 miles for employees (calculated by dividing the VMT
per round-trip in half) .
The VMT generated due to the relocation of the dealership and automobile service land uses is
summarized in Table 2. As shown, the project is expected to decrease regional VMT by 216
vehicle miles with the relocation from Encinitas to Carlsbad because the decrease in employee
vehicle miles and the VMT credit associated with existing uses to be closed outweigh the increase
in customer vehicle miles. Furthermore, there are additional factors to account for related to
project features at the existing and proposed sites, as discussed in the next section .
VMT Due to Project Features
The proposed project in Carlsbad will generate less VMT than the existing Encinitas BMW due to
two key project features: the larger site footprint that will not require remote inventory lots as are
used at the existing site, and a Transportation Demand Management (TDM) Plan to reduce
employee VMT. Each of these reductions is discussed and estimated as follows.
The current location of the BMW dealership in Encinitas does not allow for all of the sales
inventory to be held on site. Overflow inventory is held across five (5) remote lots, located an
average distance of 3.6 miles from the dealership. Each round-trip visit to a remote lot
accordingly generates 7.2 vehicle miles traveled. Based on data from AutoNation, there are
approximately 35 visits to the remote lots each week, evenly distributed across each remote lot
location. Assuming that remote lot visits trend proportionally with car sales customer visits, this
equates to approximately 12 remote lot visits on the busiest day. This means that the existing site
generates (12 visits x 7.2 VMT per visit) = 86 VMT due to accessing remote inventory, which will
no longer be generated at the new location. In addition, sometimes a customer follows the sales
representative to the remote lot in their private automobile. When this occurs, it doubles the VMT
due to having the inventory off-site. To present a worst-case scenario, this was not accounted for
in the calculation .
The proposed project has also developed a TDM Plan (see BMW of Carlsbad Transportation
Demand Management Plan, prepared by RK Engineering Group, Inc., November 2020) in
accordance with the City of Carlsbad TDM Ordinance for non-residential projects. The TDM
program consists of measures that will encourage employees to commute by bike, transit, or
carpool, and will allow for alternative work schedules that reduce the number of days employees
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BMW Carlsbad VMT Analysis
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travel to work (via telework or shifted schedules). The project has agreed to achieve a 25% mode
share of these alternative commute options 1•
According to the City of Carlsbad's VMT Analysis Guidelines (June 2020), a VMT reduction can be
applied if a TDM Plan is proposed as part of the project (i.e., as a project feature). For the
proposed BMW Carlsbad project, alternative modes encouraged by the TDM Plan are expected to
reduce VMT for each employee that shifts from driving alone by a minimum of 10% (estimated
based on a "9/80" schedule of 9 working days to total 80 working hours rather than the standard
10 working days) to a maximum of 100% (via biking or existing transit service). It is assumed that
teleworking is not an option for the majority of BMW Carlsbad employees due to the nature of
car dealership operations (i.e., car service and car sales cannot be done remotely). Based on this
assumption, the average VMT reduction for employees shifting modes is expected to be
approximately 50%, which is the reduction expected for each carpool of two (2) employees that
would otherwise drive alone. Multiplying this reduction by the 25% alternative mode share of
employees equates to a total reduction of 12.5% of employee-generated VMT. Based on input
from AutoNation, approximately 5 to 10% of current employees are estimated to use alternative
modes for their commute to BMW Encinitas. If the high end of 10% of current employees are
assumed to use alternative modes on a typical Saturday, and each of these employees averages a
50% reduction VMT, the VMT generated at the existing BMW dealership site would be reduced by
168 vehicles miles, as accounted for in Table 2.
As shown in Table 2, the VMT associated with project features is expected to decrease by 333
vehicle miles at the proposed project site as compared to the existing dealership location. This
decrease in VMT due to project features adds to the decrease in VMT due to the land use location
such that the net change in total regional VMT due to the project is expected to be a decrease of
549 vehicle miles .
Other Efficiencies
It is important to the note that the calculation presented in Table 2 does not account for
additional factors that are expected to further reduce the total regional VMT due to the project.
These factors include a potential change in customer base distribution, a potential change in
employee distribution, customer trip generation efficiencies due to proximity with other car
dealerships, and additional VMT associated with remote inventory at the existing dealership
location. Each of these is described further below.
1ts tYK1cle share
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BMW Carlsbacl VMT Analysis
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While the project will relocate the dealership by less than 10 miles, as stated previously, it is
possible that this added distance for customers from the south will cause some to instead choose
to do business with another service center or automotive dealership (such as the BMW dealership
located in Kearny Mesa). The relocation of the BMW dealership may also draw more customers
from the north who currently visit other dealerships if the new Carlsbad location is a closer option
(such as compared to the BMW dealership located in Vista). Because the number of customers is
expected to remain similar to what was documented at the existing BMW Encinitas location, any
change in the customer base distribution due to the relocation is expected to decrease the
average VMT generated per customer.
Similarly, the project relocation may also cause some employees to desire a transfer to the other
nearby AutoNation-owned BMW dealership in Vista. The employee location data provided by
AutoNation for both dealership locations showed that some BMW Vista employees live in
Carlsbad, and some BMW Encinitas employees live in Fallbrook. If any of these employees wished
to and were permitted to transfer to the closer dealership location, the average VMT generated
per employee would decrease .
Another project feature that is expected to decrease customer-generated VMT is the proximity of
the proposed project to other car dealerships. At the BMW Carlsbad location, there will be many
more dealerships of similar-tier cars in the surrounding area than are found in the surrounding
area of the current BMW Encinitas location. Because customers shopping for a BMW may also
shop for a Mercedes, Lexus, or Audi, customer-generated VMT is expected to be reduced by
locating a BMW dealership closer to these similar-tier car dealerships.
Finally, there is expected to be some VMT generated at the existing BMW Encinitas location in
addition to what was calculated in Table 2. The calculation assumed that only one vehicle made
the round-trip to the remote lot (i.e., the sales associate travels to and from the remote lot while
the customer remains at the dealership). However, anecdotal evidence indicates that customers
sometimes follow the sales associate in their own vehicle to the remote lot. Because this would
result in an additional vehicle traveling to the remote lot, the VMT of a round-trip with the
customer would be double that of a round-trip made by only the sales associate .
Because it is difficult to accurately estimate the effect of each of these factors on VMT, they were
not accounted for in the VMT estimate presented in Table 2. Accordingly, the VMT estimate is
considered to be worst-case because each of these factors would further reduce the total regional
VMT due to the proposed project.
Step 3: Compare to the Significance Threshold
As a regional retail project, the City of Carlsbad's VMT Analysis Guidelines (June 2020) state that
the proposed project would be considered to have a significant transportation impact if it results
in a net increase in VMT compared to the no project condition. As shown in Table 2, the new
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BMW Carlsbad VMT Analysis
November 16, 2020
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dealership location is expected to generate 549 fewer vehicle miles on the busiest day as
compared to the existing dealership location. In other words, the proposed project is not
expected to cause a net increase in VMT, and therefore does not cause a significant
transportation impact per City of Carlsbad guidelines .
Appendix A: Customer and
Employee Zip Code Data
FEHR f PEERS
January 2017 through June 1010 BMW Encinitas Customer Data
Number of Distance to Distance to
Zip Code City Customers BMW Encinitas BMW Carlsbad Difference
90005 LOS ANGELES 2 100.43 92.92 -7.501
90007 LOS ANGELES 1 98.19 90.69 -7.50
90012 LOS ANGELES 3 96.63 89.13 -7.50
90013 LOS ANGELES 12 95.48 87.98 -7.50
90014 LOS ANGELES 10 95.77 88.27 -7.50
90015 LOS ANGELES 14 96.86 89.36 -7.50
90016 LOS ANGELES 5 101.81 94.30 -7.50
90017 LOS ANGLES 20 96.85 89.35 -7.50
90019 LOS ANGELES 12 101.29 93.79 -7.50
90022 LOS ANGELES 4 90.80 83.29 -7.50
90024 LOS ANGELES 17 108.21 100.71 -7.50
90025 W LOS ANGELES 1 107.091 99.58 -7.50
90026 LOS ANGELES 39 98.37 90.87 -7.50
90027 BEVERLY HILLS 16 102.85 95.35 -7.50
90028 LOS ANGELES 19 102.11 94.61 -7.50
90031 LOS ANGELES 2 97.131 89.63 -7.50
90032 LOS ANGELES 7 96.49 88.99 -7.50
90034 LOS ANGELES 11 104.36 96.85 -7.50
90035 LOS ANGELES 18 104.46 96.96 -7.50
90036 LOS ANGELES 32 103.54 96.03 -7.50
90037 LOS ANGELES 3 99.68 92.18 -7.50
90038 LOS ANGELES 1 101.86 94.36 -7.50
90039 LOS ANGELES 22 100.99 93.48 -7.50
90041 LOS ANGELES 1 102.46 94.95 -7.50
90045 LOS ANGELES 13 100.54 93.04 -7.50
90046 LOS ANGELES 21 105.21 97.71 -7.50
90048 LOS ANGELES 22 104.83 97.33 -7.S0
90049 LOS ANGELES 37 111.38 103.87 -7.50
90061 LOS ANGELES 3 94.16 86.66 -7.50
90063 LOS ANGELES 5 93.41 85.90 -7.50
90064 LOS ANGELES 17 106.03 98.53 -7.50
90066 LOS ANGELES 30 104.53 97.03 -7.50
90067 LOS ANGELES 12 106.79 99.28 -7.50
90068 LOS ANGELES 31 104.94 97.43 -7.50
90069 WEST HOLLYWOOD 43 105.26 97.75 -7.50
90077 LOS ANGELES 13 111.30 103.80 -7.50
90094 LOS ANGELES 30 103.44 95.93 -7.50
90201 CUDAHY 3 89.99 82.49 -7.50
90210 BEVERLY HILLS 8 108.01 100.51 -7.50
90211 BEVERLY HILLS 11 105.00 97.50 -7.50
90221 COMPTON 6 87.79 80.29 -7.50
90230 CULVER CITY 4 102.91 95.41 -7.50
90240 DOWNEY 10 85.60 78.10 -7.50
90241 DOWNEY 18 85.23 77.73 -7.50
90242 DOWNEY 4 85.58 78.07 -7.50
90245 EL SEGUNDO 12 98.25 90.74 -7.50
90247 GARDENA 3 92.11 84.61 -7.50
90249 GARDENA 1 93.92 86.41 -7.50
90250 HAWTHORNE 4 96.16 88.66 -7.50
90254 HERMOSA BEACH 5 96.43 88.93 -7.50
90255 HUNTINGTON PARK 2 93.20 85.70 -7.50
90260 LAWNDALE 6 94.27 86.76 -7.50
90262 LYNWOOD 2 90.97 83.47 -7.50
90265 MALIBU 5 138.48 130.98 -7.50
90266 MANHATTAN BEACH 22 96.85 89.35 -7.50
90272 Pacific Palisades 8 119.54 112.03 -7.50
90274 PALOS VERDES ESTATES 1 96.99 89.49 -7.50
9027S RANCHO PALOS VERDES 30 97.93 90.43 -7.50
90278 REDONDO BEACH 35 94.39
90290 TOPANGA 5 121.07 113.56 -7.50
90291 VENICE so 105.61 98.10 -7.50
90292 MARINA DEL REY 11 104.26 96.76 -7.50
90293 PLAYA DEL REY 14 102.741 95.24 -7.S0j
90301 INGLEWOOD 6 99.88 92.38 -7.50
90302 INGLEWOOD 1 101.13 93.63 -7.50
90403 SANTA MONICA 9 109.31 101.81 -7.50
90404 SANTA MONICA 5 108.39 100.89 -7.50
90405 SANA MONICA 22 106.92 99.42 -7.50
90501 TORRANCE 3 9184f 84.34 -7.50
90503 TORRANCE 16 94.67 87.17 -7.50
90505 TORRANCE 9 95.25 87.74 -7.50
90506 TORRANCE 2 93.58 86.08 -7.50
90601 WHITTIER 10 8968f 82.18 -7.50
90605 WHITTIER 10 82.45 74.95 -7.50
90621 BUENA PARK 16 76.52 69.02 -7.50
90623 LA PALMA 10 78.51 71.00 -7.50
90630 CYPRESS 4 77.27 69.77 -7.50
90631 LA HABRA 13 81.38 73.88 -7.50
90638 LA MIRADA 3 78.93 71.42 -7.50
90640 MONTEBELLO 6 90.05 82.55 -7.50
906501 NORWALK I 7 81.65 74.15 -7.50
90660 PICO RIVERA 6 87.40 79.89 -7.50
90703 CERRITOS 9 80.25 72.75 -7.50
90706 BELLFLOWER 5 84.31 76.81 -7.so]
90712 LAKEWOOD 10 83.11 75.61 -7.50
90720 ROSSMOOR 4 77.80 70.29 -7.50
90731 SAN PEDRO 1 91.44 83.94 -7.50
90732 SAN PEDRO 4 92.77 85.27 -7.50
90740 SEAL BEACH 2 74.13 66.63 -7.50 -90742 SUNSET BEACH 1 73.30 65.80 -7.50
90744 WILMINGTON 6 88.14 80.64 -7.50
90745 CARSON 26 87.14 79.63 -7.50
90746 CARSON 4 89.53 82.03f -7.50
90755 SIGNAL HILL 3 81.22 73.71 -7.50
90802 LONG BEACH 14 84.97 77.46 -7.50
90804 LONG BEACH 1 79.29 71.79 -7.50
90807 LONG BEACH 5 82.97 75.47 -7.50
90808 LONG BEACH 17 79.59 72.09 -7.50
90810 LONG BEACH 6 84.73 77.23 -7.50
90814 LONG BEACH 6 79.01 71.51 -7.50
90815 LONG BEACH 25 77.90 70.39 -7.50
91001 PASADENA 8 104.85 97.35 -7.50
91006 ARCADIA 23 100.28 92.78 -7.50
91007 ARCADIA 10 100.57 93.07 -7.50
91010 DUARTE 7 100.56 93.05 -7.50
91011 La Canada Flintridge 42 124.51 117.01 -7.50
91016 MONROVIA 11 103.02 95.52 -7.50
91024 SIERRA MADRE 13 103.38 95.87 -7.50
91030 SOUTH PASADENA 12 97.97 90.46 -7.50
91040 LOS ANGELES 3 116.34 108.84 -7.50
91042 TUJUNGA 14 124.47 116.97 -7.50
91101 PASADENA 2 101.12 93.61 -7.50
91103 PASADENA 4 101.88 94.38 -7.50
91105 PASADENA 8 100.57 93.06 -7.50
91106 PASADENA 15 101.10 93.60 -7.50
91107 PASADENA 5 102.52 95.01 -7.50
91201 GLENDALE 1 105.15 97.64 -7.50
91202 GLENDALE 7 104.58 97.08 -7.50
Number of Distance to Distance to
Zip Code City _ _ Customers BMW Encinitas BMW Carlsbad Difference
91203 GLENDALE 1 103.02 95.51 -7.50
91205 GLENDALE 3 102.19 94.69 -7.50
91206 GLENDALE 9 104.19 96.69 -7.~ 91207 GLENDALE 2 105.93 98.42 -7.50
91208 GLENDALE 21 107.58 100.08 -7.50
91214 LA CRESCENTA 6 110.05 102.54 -7.50
91301 AGOURA HILLS 12 131.81 124.31 -7.50
91302 CALABASAS 18 126.04 118.54 -7.50
91304 WEST HILLS 19 125.20 117.70 -7.50
91306 WINNETKA 2 121.25 113.75 -7.50
91307 WEST HILLS 1 127.94 120.441 -7.50
91316 ENCINO 14 115.51 108.01 -7.50
91320 NEWBURY PARK 17 145.29 137.79 -7.50
91324 NORTHRIDGE 11 121.64 114.14 -7.50
91325 NORTHRIDGE 18 120.17 112.66 -7.50
91326 PORTER RANCH 5 122.84 115.34 -7.50
91342 SYLMAR 4 123.64 116.13 -7.50
91344 GRANADA HILLS 35 120.65 113.15 -7.50
91350 SANTA CLARITA 28 129.67, 122.161 -7.50
91351 CANYON COUNTRY 5 130.46 122.96 -7.50
91352 SUN VALLEY 21 111.74 104.24 -7.50
91354 VALENCIA 25 131.97 124.47 -7.50
91355 VALENCIA 54 130.51 123.01 -7.50
91356 TARZANA 12 118.21 110.71 -7.50
91360 THOUSAND OAKS 4 140.26 132.75 -7.50
91361 WESTLAKE VILLAGE 17 137.76 130.26 -7.50
91362 THOUSAND OAKS 13 136.79 129.29 -7.50
91364 WOODLAND HILLS 28 120.58 113.07 -7.50
91367 WOODLAND HILLS 28 121.59 114.08 -7.50
91377 OAK PARK 4 133.28 125.78 -7.50
91381 VALENCIA 32 129.37 121.86 -7.50
91384 CASTAIC 7 140.66 133.15 -7.50
91390 SANTA CLARITA 7 142.60 135.09 -7.50
91401 VAN NUYS 21 111.03 103.53 -7.50
91402 PANORAMA CITY 9 114.10 106.60 -7.50
91403 SHERMAN OAKS 11 112.50 105.00 -7.50
91405 VAN NUYS 8 113.03 105.53 -7.50
91413 SHERMAN OAKS 3 North North -7.50
91423 SHERMAN OAKS 31 110.34 102.84 -7.50
91436 ENCINO 16 114.30 106.80 -7.50
91501 BURBANK 10 108.51 101.00 -7.50
91504 BURBANK 7 108.30 100.79 -7.50
91505 BURBANK 7 108.15 100.65 -7.50
91506 BURBANK 1 106.68 99.17 -7.50
91601 NORTH HOLLYWOOD 4 107.92 100.41 -7.50
91602 W TOLUCA LAKE 2 106.44 98.93 -7.50
91604 STUDIO CITY 30 107.72 100.22 -7.50
91605 LOS ANGELES 24 111.34 103.84 -7.50
91607 VALLEY VILLAGE 13 108.72 101.21 -7.50
91701 RANCHO CUCAMONGA 21 100.50 94.89 -5.61
91702 AZUSA 1 109.40 101.89 -7.50
91706 BALDWIN PARK 3 98.02 90.52 -7.50
91708 CHINO 5 81.51 74.01 -7.50
91709 CHINO HILLS 131 86.64 79.13 -7.50
91710 CHINO 24 85.73 78.23 -7.50
91711 CLAREMONT 13 96.61 89.10 -7.50
91722 COVINA 3 95.77 88.26 -7.50
91724 COVINA 5 90.86 83.35 -7.50
91730 RANCHO CUCAMONGA 21 96.10 90.49 -5.61
91731 EL MONTE 5 96.03 88.53 -7.50
91732 EL MONTE 5 95.28 87.78 -7.50
Number of Distance to Distance to
Zip Code City Customers BMW Encinitas BMW Carlsbad Difference
91737 RANCHO CUCAMONGA 23 100.70 95.09 -5.61
91739 RANCHO CUCAMONGA 24 97.35 91.74 -5.61
91740 GLENDORA 8 96.11 88.61 -7.50
91744 LA PUENTE 4 91.93 84.43 -7.50
91745 HACIENDA HEIGHTS 11 91.58 84.08 -7.50
91748 ROWLAND HEIGHTS 28 83.96T 76.46 -7.50
91750 LA VERNE 11 96.72 89.22 -7.50
91752 EASTVALE 11 87.78 82.16 -5.61
91754 MONTEREY PARK 24 93.14 85.64 -7.50
91755 MONTEREY PARK 13 93.70 86.20 -7.50
91761 ONTARIO 10 90.68 83.17 -7.50
91762 ONTARIO 2 87.021 79.52 -7.50
91764 ONTARIO 1 92.47 84.97 -7.50
91765 DIAMOND BAR 22 85.86 78.36 -7.50
91766 PHILLIPS RANCH 4 89.42 81.92 -7.50
91770 ROSEMEAD 2 94.35 86.85 -7.50
91773 SAN DIMAS 6 91.79 84.28 -7.50
91775 SAN GABRIEL 5 99.72 92.21 -7.50
91780 TEMPLE CITY 5 98.71 91.21 -7.50
91784 UPLAND 7 100.61 93.11 -7.50
91786 UPLAND 1 97.86 90.36 -7.50
91789 WALNUT 8 85.41 77.91 -7.50
91790 WEST COVINA 18 95.32 87.82 -7.50
91791 WEST CONVINA 16 89.95 82.45 -7.50
91792 WEST COVINA 5 86.49 78.99 -7.50
91901 ALPINE 37 49.44 55.92 6.48
91902 BONITA 71 35.32 41.80 6.48
91905 BOULEVARD 2 81.43 87.91 6.48
91906 CAMPO 8 70.54 77.02 6.48
91910 CHULA VISTA 112 34.68 41.16 6.48
91911 CHULA VISTA 64 35.68 42.16 6.48
91913 CHULA VISTA 220 37.50 43.98 6.48
91914 CHULA VISTA 107 39.48 45.96 6.48
91915 CHULA VISTA 136 40.14 46.62 6.48
91931 GUATAY 1 57.13 63.61 6.48
91932 IMPERIAL BEACH 29 38.05 44.52 6.48
91935 JAMUL 33 47.72 54.20 6.48
91941 LA MESA 74 30.99 37.47 6.48
91942 LA MESA 100 28.61 35.09 6.48
91945 LEMON GROVE 37 29.99 36.47 6.48
91950 NATIONAL CITY 44 30.32 36.80 6.48
91962 PINE VALLEY 1 69.57 76.05 6.48
91977 SAN DIEGO 89 34.74 41.21 6.48
91978 SPRING VALLEY 29 38.20 44.68 6.48
92003 BONSALL 17 22.84 17.09 -5.76
92004 BORREGO SPRINGS 2 85.56 85.84 0.28
92007 CARDIFF 649 2.27 9.13 6.86
92008 CARLSBAD 430 10.14 3.37 -6.78
92009 CARLSBAD 2240 6.29 7.18 0.89
92010 CARLBAD 223 9.65 3.20 -6.45
92011 CARLSBAD 976 5.72 3.53 -2.19
92013 SAN DIEGO 7 5.10 5.20 0.10
92014 DEL MAR 908 6.32 12.80 6.48
92018 CARLSBAD 8 10.90 3.30 -7.60
92019 EL CAJON 121 37.51 43.99 6.48
92020 EL CAJON 61 31.54 38.02 6.48
92021 EL CAJON 69 36.97 43.45 6.48
92024 ENCINITAS 2692 1.68 8.73 7.05
92025 ESCONDIDO 122 19.39 21.75 2.36
92026 ESCONDIDO 103 18.35 17.96 -0.39
92027 ESCONDIDO 115 28.76 28.38 -0.39
Number of Distance to Distance to
Zip Code City _ Customers BMW Encinitas BMW Carlsbad Difference
92028 FALLBROOK 151 34.78 27.27 -7.50
92029 ESCONDIDO 171 16.11 16.30 0.19
92036 JULIAN 10 83.05 83.32 0.28
92037 LA JOLLA 615 16.51 22.99 6.48
92040 LAKES I DE 50 37.04 43.52 6.48
92051 OCEANSIDE 4 14.00 6.30 -7.70
92054 OCEANSIDE 203 13.16 5.66 -7.50-l
92055 CAMP PENDELTON 19 29.29 21.78 -7.50
92056 OCEANSIDE 279 16.30 6.77 -9.53
92057 OCEANSIDE 236 19.66 10.49 -9.17
92058 OCEANSIDE 156 19.97 12.63➔ -7.351
92061 PAUMA VALLEY 5 35.51 35.12 -0.39
92064 POWAY 243 23.81 27.56 3.75
92065 RAMONA 51 34.99 35.12 0.14
92067 RANCHO SANTA FE 1032 5.31 13.52 8.21
92069 SAN MARCOS 177 13.89 13.50 -0.391
92071 SANTEE 66 27.42 33.90 6.48
92075 SOLANA BEACH 715 4.71 11.19 6.48
92078 SAN MARCOS 781 9.961 9.63 -0.33
92081 VISTA 209 10.41 8.39 -2.01
92082 VALLEY CENTER 76 29.86 29.47 -0.39
92083 VISTA 92 13.33 8.27 -5.06
92084 VISTA 109 16.02 11.87 -4.15
92091 RANCHO SANTA FE 222 4.24 12.45 8.21
92092 LA JOLLA 23 15.70 20.901 5.20
92099 CARLSBAD 6 32.40 37.70 5.30
92101 SAN DIEGO 705 25.30 31.78 6.48
92102 SAN DIEGO 61 27.39 33.87 6.48
92103 SAN DIEGO 349 23.87 30.34 6.48
92104 SAN DIEGO 109 24.15 30.63 6.48
921051SAN DIEGO 69 26.15 32.63 6.48
92106 SAN DIEGO 99 25.28 31.76 6.48
92107 SAN DIEGO 146 24.26 30.74 6.48
92108 SAN DIEGO 207 23.04 29.52 6.48
92109 PACIFIC BEACH 374 19.79 26.27i 6.48
92110 SAN DIEGO 97 21.96 28.44 6.48
92111 SAN DIEGO 71 19.13 25.61 6.48
92113 SAN DIEGO 6 27.55 34.03 6.48
92114 SAN DIEGO 60 29.54 36.011 6.48
92115 SAN DIEGO 67 26.34 32.82 6.48
92116 SAN DIEGO 129 23.14 29.62 6.48
92117 SAN DIEGO 240 18.10 24.57 6.481
92118 CORONADO 81 30.76 37.24 6.48
92119 SAN DIEGO 62 29.85 36.33 6.48
92120 SAN DIEGO 110 26.23 32.71 6.48
92121 SAN DIEGO 121 13.03 19.51 6.48
92122 SAN DIEGO 446 15.38 21.86 6.48
92123 SAN DIEGO 106 20.25 26.73 6.48
92124 SAN DIEGO 98 21.60 28.08 6.48
92126 SAN DIEGO 357 17.10 23.58 6.48
92127 SAN DIEGO 922 20.97 25.11 4.14
92128 SAN DIEGO 348 21.71 24.73 3.02
92129 SAN DIEGO 420 17.14 23.62 6.48
92130 SAN DIEGO 2401 10.30 16.78 6.48
92131 SAN DIEGO 324 22.16 28.64 6.48
92134 SAN DIEGO 5 25.97 32.4S 6.48
92136 SAN DIEGO 18 28.88 35.36 6.48
92137 San Diego 4 24.10 29.40 S.30
92138 STEVENSON RANCH 9 24.10 29.40 5.30
92139 SAN DIEGO 64 31.90 38.38 6.48
92154 SAN DIEGO 115 39.72 46.20 6.48
Number of Distance to Distance to
Zip Code City Customers BMW Encinitas BMW Carlsbad Difference
92168 SAN DIEGO 1 22.80 28.10 5.30
92171 SANTEE 6 24.30 29.60 5.30
92173 SAN YSIDRO 66 38.79 45.27 6.48
92191 SAN DIEGO 5 13.10 18.30 5.20
92201 INDIO 9 143.69 138.08 -5.61
92203 BERMUDA DUNES 11 142.98 137.37 -5.61
92211 PALM DESERT 11 136.20 130.59 -5.611
92220 BANNING 1 98.85 93.24 -5.61
92223 BEAUMONT 6 90.88 85.27 -5.61
92227 BRAWLEY 6 152.16 158.64 6.48
92231 CALEXICO 29 136.74 143.22 6.48
92234 CATHEDRAL CITY 23 127.72 122.11 -5.61
92236 COACHELLA 6 147.41 141.80 -5.61
92243 EL CENTRO 39 130.63 137.11 6.48
92249 HEBER 11 137.58 144.06 6.481
92250 HOLTVILLE 4 142.17 148.65 6.48
92251 IMPERIAL 15 131.42 137.90 6.48
92253 LA QUINTA 43 147.88 142.27 -5.61
92256 MORON GO VALLEY 7 130.08 124.47 -5.61
92260 PALM DESERT 11 113.67 108.06 -5.61
92262 PALM SPRINGS 19 118.34 112.73 -5.61
92264 PALM SPRINGS 13 129.30 123.69 -5.61
92270 RANCHO MIRAGE 13 132.71 127.10 -5.61
92284 YUCCA VALLEY 6 140.31 134.70 -5.61
92307 APPLE VALLEY 9 141.79 136.18 -5.61
92308 APPLE VALLEY 3 132.421 126.81 -5.61
92316 BLOOMINGTON 11 86.27 80.66 -5.61
92320 CALIMESA 2 93.30 87.69 -5.61
92324 COLTON 3 85.93 80.32 -5.61
92335 FONTANA 5 92.89 87.28 -5.61
92344 HESPERIA 7 117.55 111.94 -5.61
92346 HIGHLAND 13 97.22 91.61 -5.61
92352 LAKE ARROWHEAD 3 113.91 108.30 -5.61
92354 LOMA LINDA 2 88.67 83.06 -5.61
92373 REDLANDS 14 85.49 79.88 -5.61
92374 REDLANDS 6 94.12 88.51 -5.61
92376 RIALTO 6 89.45 83.84 -5.61
92378 Lake ARROWHEAD 3 110.06 104.45 -5.61
92382 RUNNING SPGS 1 110.85 105.24 -5.61
92392 VICTORVILLE 1 122.73 117.12 -5.61
92399 YUCAIPA 12 96.50 90.89 -5.61
92407 SAN BERNARDINO 7 107.53 101.92 -5.61
92501 RIVERSIDE 18 81.64 76.03 -5.61
92503 RIVERSIDE 40 83.31 77.70 -5.61
92504 RIVERSIDE 8 83.02 77.41 -5.61
92505 RIVERSIDE 12 85.17 79.56 -5.61
92506 RIVERSIDE 2 78.46 72.85 -5.61
92508 RIVERSIDE 15 74.91 69.30 -5.61
92509 RIVERSIDE 11 86.36 80.75 -5.61
92530 LAKE ELSINORE 2 64.94 57.44 -7.50
92532 LAKE ELSINORE 30 60.38 54.77 -5.61
92544 HEMET 5 71.22 65.61 -5.61
92545 HEMET 9 66.47 60.86 -5.61
92555 MORENO VALLEY 7 74.23 68.62 -5.61
92557 MORENO VALLEY 2 78.81 73.20 -5.61
92562 MURRIETA 79 53.41 47.80 -5.61
92563 MURRIETTA 67 48.75 43.14 -5.61
92564 MURRIETA 2 48.75 43.14 -5.61
92570 PERRIS 8 69.20 63.59 -5.61
92582 SAN JACINTO 6 72.21 66.60 -5.61
92583 SAN JACINTO 4 76.58 70.97 -5.61
Number of Distance to Distance to
Zip Code City Customers BMW Encinitas BMW Carlsbad Difference
92584 MENIFEE
92585 MENIFEE
92586 SUN CITY
92587 CANYON LAKE
92589 TEMECULA
92590 TEMECULA
92591 TEMECULA
92592 TEMECULA
92595 WILDOMAR
92596 WINCHESTER
92602 IRVINE
92603 IRVINE
92604 IRVINE
92606 IRVINE
92607 VALLEY VILLAGE
92610 FOOTHILL RANCH
92612 IRVINE
92614 IRVINE
92617 IRVINE
92618 IRVINE
92620 IRVINE
92624 CAPISTRANO BEACH
92625 CORONA DEL MAR
92626 COSTA MESA
92627 COSTA MESA
92629 DANA POINT
92630 Lake Forest
92646 HUNTINGTON BEACH
92647 HUNTINGTON BEACH
92648 HUNTINGTON BEACH
92649 HUNTINGTON BEACH
92651 LAGUNA BEACH
92653 LAGUNA HILLS
92656 ALISO VIEJO
92657 NEWPORT COAST
92660 NEWPORT BEACH
92662 NEWPORT BEACH
92663 NEWPORT BEACH
92672 SAN CLEMENTE
92673 SAN CLIEMENTE
92675 SAN JUAN CAPISTRANO
92676 SILVERADO
92677 LAGUNA NIGUEL
92679 TRABUCO CANYON
92683 WESTMINSTER
92688 RANCHO SANTA MARGARITA
92691 MISSION VIEJO
92692 MISSION VIEJO
92694 RANCHO MISSION VIEJO
92704 SANTA ANA
92705 SANTA ANA
92707 SANTA ANA
92708 FOUNTAIN VALLEY
92780 TUSTIN
92782 TUSTIN
92801 ANAHEIM
92802 ANAHEIM
92804 ANAHEIM
92805 ANAHEIM
92806 ANAHEIM
92807 ANAHEIM
36
7
14
23
2
9
49
155
5
43
27
28
14
5
9
5
24
27
3
62
74
4
32
39
21
41
32
37
12
34
24
44
48
50
33
72
16
23
73
44
69
9
105
20
11
41
24
47
40
4
54
14
4
2
28
1
4
7
22
1
7
53.~
60.95
58.81
60.64
60.64
47.60
46.19
48.77
53.07
56.70
61.91
61.02
59.41 ....
61.66
61.66
60.11
59.53
61.50
59.32
58.29
59.66
38.88
59.57
62 .91
63.98
42.06
54.531
67.53
69.78
69.91
71.79
49.89
49.89f
50.59
58.32
59.55
61.43
65.35
33.34
38.61
49.84
66.41
46.31
56.35
70.41
52.92
50.52
51.13
47.46
65.25
63.52
63.90
66.62
61.80
61.17
73.28
70.35
74.02
70.94
71.34
72.63
48.23 -5.61
55.34 -5.61
53.20 -5.61
55.03 -5.61
55.031 -5.61
41.99 -5.61
40.58 -5.61
43.16 -5.61
47.461 -5.61
51.09 -5.61
54.40 -7.50
53.52 -7.50
51.90 -7.50
54.16 -7.50
54.16i -7.50
52.60 -7.50
52.03 -7.50
54.00 -7.50
51.81 -7.50
50.78 -7.50
52.16J -7.50
31.38 -7.50
52.07 -7.50
55.40 -7.50
56.48 -7.50
34.55 -7.50
47.0~ -7.50
60.03 -7.50
62.27 -7.50
62.41 -7.50
64.29 -7.50
42.38 -7.50
42.39 -7.50
43.09 -7.50
50.81 -7.50
52.05 -7.50
53.92 -7.50
57.85 -7.50
25.84 -7.50
31.11 -7.50
42.34 -7.50
58.91 -7.50
38.81 -7.50
48.84 -7.50
62.91 -7.50
45.42 -7.50
43.02 -7.50
43.62 -7.50
39.96 -7.50
57.74 -7.50
56.02 -7.50
56.40 -7.50
59.11 -7.50
54.30 -7.50
53.66 -7.50
65.78 -7.50
62.84 -7.50
66.52 -7.50
63.43 -7.50
63.84 -7.50
65.12 -7.50
Number of Distance to Distance to
Zip Code City Customers BMW Encinitas BMW Carlsbad Difference
92808 ANAHEIM HILLS
92821 BREA
92823 BREA
92831 FULLERTON
92832 FULLERTON
92840 GARDEN GROVE
92841 GARDEN GROVE
92844 GARDEN GROVE
92860 NORCO
92865 ORANGE
92867 ORANGE
92869 ORANGE
92870 PLACENTIA
92879 CORONA
92880 EASTVALE
92881 CORONA
92882 CORONA
92883 CORONA
92886 YORBA LINDA
92887 YORBA LINDA
93001 VALENCIA
93003 VENTURA
93010 CAMARILLO
93015 FILLMORE
93021 MOORPARK
93030 OXNARD
93036 OXNARD
93063 SIMI VALLEY
93065 SIMI VALLEY
93103 SANTA BARBARA
93105 SANTA BARBARA
93108 SANTA BARBARA
93111 SANTA BARBARA
93117 GOLETA
93221 EXETER
93230 HANFORD
93245 LEMOORE
93247 LINDSAY
93306 BAKERSFIELD
93309 BAKERSFIELD
93311 BAKERSFIELD
93312 BAKERSFIELD
93402 LOS OSOS
93405 SAN LUIS OBISPO
93420 ARROYO GRANDE
93422 ATASCADERO
93428 CAMBRIA
93433 GROVER BEACH
93436 LOMPOC
93444 NIPOMO
93463 SOLVANG
93514 BISHOP
93529 JUNE LAKE
93536 LANCASTER
93546 TOMS PLACE
93550 PALMDALE
93551 PALMDALE
93555 RIDGECREST
93560 ROSAMOND
93561 TEHACHAPI
93611 CLOVIS
17 77.83
11 77.14
2 79.15
18 74.42
16 73.98
9 70.17
4 73.22
5 71.03
1 82.10
4 69.80
13 68.54
5 67.82
18 73.90
11 78.98
43 84.66
8 76.21
27 79.59
13 70.99
26 75.12
29 75.12
2 175.09
19 160.35
1 150.29
1 151.26
13 141.98
11 156.50
17 156.13
10 131.27
7 135.61
1 North
6 North
1 186.93
8 North
3 North
1 North
8 North
7 North
4 North
3 North
6 North
14 North
5 North
4 North
5 North
3 North
10 North
1 North
13 North
3 North
4 North
7 North
9 North
4 North
25 181.03
13 North
9 150.26
8 159.86
2 North
8 North
10 North
4 North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
North
70.33
69.64
71.65
66.92r
66.48
-7.50
-7.501 -7.50
-7.50
-7 .50
62.66 -7.50
65.72 -7.50
63.53 -7.50
76.42 -5.68
62.30 -7.50
61.03 -7.501
60.31 -7.50
66.40 -7.50
73.37 -5.61
77.16 -7.50
70.60 -5.61
73.98 -5.61
65.38 -5.61
67.61 -7.50
67.62 -7.50
167.59 -7.50
152.85 -7.50
142.79 -7.50
143.76 -7.50
134.48 -7.50
149.00 -7.50
148.62 -7.50]
123.77 -7.50
128.10 -7.50
-7.50
-7.50
179.43 -7.50
-7.50
-7.50
-7.50
-7.50
-7.50
-7.50
-7.50
-7.50
-7.50
-7.50
-7.50
-7.50
-7.50
-7.50
-7.50
-7.50
-7.50
-7.50
-7.50
-7.50
-7.50
173.53 -7.50
-5.61
144.65 -5.61
154.25 -5.61
-5.61
-5.61
-5.61
-5.61
Number of Distance to Distance to
Zip Code City Customers BMW Encinitas BMW Carlsbad Difference
93636 MADERA 8 North North -5.61
93662 SELMA 2 North North -5.61
93711 FRESNO 4 North North -5.6l_j
93720 FRESNO 18 North North -5.61
93722 FRESNO 1 North North -5.61
93723 FRESNO 8 North North -5.61
93728 FRESNO 2 North I North -5.61
93730 FRESNO 15 North North -5.61
93905 SALi NAS 4 North North -5.61~
93923 CARMEL 25 North North -5.61
93940 MONTEREY 8 North !North -5.61~
94010 BURLINGAME 1 North North -5.61
94014 DALY CITY 4 North North -5.61
94019 HALF MOON BAY 5 North North -5.61
94023 LOS ALTOS 3 North l North -5.611
94024 LOS ALTOS 8 North North -5.61
94030 MILBRAE 9 North North -5.61
94041 MOUNTAIN VIEW 2 North North -5.61
94044 PACIFICA 11 North l North -5.61
94061 REDWOOD CITY 3 North North -5.61
94070 SAN CARLOS 11 North North -5.61
94080 SOUTH SAN FRANCISCO 6 North North -5.61
94086 SUNNYVALE 5 North North -5.61
94087 SUNNYVALE 3 North North -5.61
94102 SAN FRANCISCO 13 North North -5.61
94103 SAN FRANCISCO 1 North North -S.61
94109 SAN FRANCISCO 8 North !North -5.61
94110 SAN FRANCISCO 8 North North -5.61
94114 SAN FRANCISCO 6 North North -S.61
94118 SAN FRANCISCO 4 North North -S.61
94132 SAN FRANCISCO 4 North North -5.61
94133 SAN FRANCISCO 3 North North -S.61
94134 SAN FRANCISCO 6 North North -5.61
94158 SAN FRANCISCO 5 North North -5.61
94303 PALO AL TO 7 North North -5.611
94306 PALO AL TO 6 North North -5.61
94501 ALAMEDA 5 North North -5.61
94503 AMERICAN CANYON 8 North North -5.61
94520 BRENTWOOD 8 North North -5.611
94534 FAIRFIELD 4 North North -S.61
94549 LAFAYETTE S North North -S.61
94566 PLEASANTON 4 North North -S.61
94568 DUBLIN 10 North North -5.61
94582 SAN RAMON 1 North North -5.61
94583 SAN RAMON 3 North North -5.61
9458S SUISUN CITY 5 North North -5.61
94587 UNION CITY 4 North North -5.61
94S88 PLEASANTON 3 North North -5.61
94590 VALLEJO 5 North North -5.61
94595 WALNUT CREEK 2 North North -5.61
94597 WALNUT CREEK 6 North North -5.61
94610 PIEDMONT 2 North North -5.61
94618 OAKLAND 4 North North -5.61
94702 BERKELEY 8 North North -5.61
94704 BERKELEY 3 North North -5.61
94901 SAN RAFAEL 4 North North -5.61
94903 SAN RAFAEL 1 North North -S.61
94904 KENTFIELD 9 North North -5.61
94920 BELVEDERE TIBURON 13 North North -5.61
94941 MILL VALLEY 4 North North -5.61
94965 SAUSALITO 7 North North -S.61
Number of Distance to Distance to
Zip Code City Customers BMW Encinitas BMW Carlsbad Difference
95003 APTOA 3 North North -5.61
95008 CAMPBELL 6 North North -5.61
95012 CASTROVILLE 2 North North -5.611
95020 GILROY 7 North North -5.61
95032 LOS GATOS 4 North North -5.61
95035 MILPITAS 14 North North -5.61
95037 MORGAN HILL 8 North North -5.61;
95060 SANTA CRUZ 5 North North -5.61
95070 SARATOGA 9 North North -5.61
95112 SAN JOSE 9 North North -5.61
95118 SAN JOSE 7 North North -5.61
95120 SAN JOSE 4 North North -5.61
95123 SAN JOSE 4 North North -5.61
95124 SAN JOSE 1 North North -5.61
95125 SAN JOSE 10 North North -5.61
95126 SAN JOSE 3 North North -5.61
95127 SAN JOSE 6 North North -5.61
95128 SAN JOSE 2 North North -5.61
95129 SAN JOSE 5 North North -5.61
95132 SAN JOSE 6 North North -5.61
95134 SAN JOSE 4 North North -5.61
95136 SAN JOSE 2 North North -5.61
95219 STOCKTON 8 North North -5.61
95336 MANTECA 4 North North -5.61
95340 MERCED 4 North North -5.61
95380 TURLOCK 8 North North -5.61
95404 SANTA ROSA 24 North North -5.61
95603 AUBURN 7 North North -5.61
95608 CARMICHAEL 5 North North -5.61
95630 FOLSOM 11 North North -5.61
95631 FOREST HILL 2 North North -5.61
95661 ROSEVILLE 6 North North -5.61
95688 VACAVILLE 10 North North -5.61
95691 WEST SACRAMENTO 21 North North -5.61
95747 ROSEVILLE 20 North North -5.61
95757 ELK GROVE 5 North North -5.61
95765 ROCKLIN 8 North North -5.61
95833 SACRAMENTO 2 North North -5.61
95834 SACRAMENTO 2 North North -5.61
95864 SACRAMENTO 6 North North -5.61
95959 NEVADA CITY 6 North North -5.61
96150 SOUTH LAKE TAHOE 3 North North -5.61
Total Customers Jan 2017-June 2020 30,775
VMT /Customer 60.52 64.20 3.68
"North" is designated for those zip codes that failed to calculate a path using the GIS method. However, since all of these zip codes lie north of
the Los Angeles area, the change in distance was estimated using the nearest zip code. These customers would substantially drive up the
average trip length per customer at each location, but the change in VMT would not be affected.
BMW Encinitas Em ployee Data
92029 ESCONDIDO 16.11 16.30 0.19
92562 MURRIETA 53.41 47.80 -5.61
92056 OCEANSIDE 16.30 6.77 -9.53
92083 VISTA 13.33 8.27 -5.06
92028 FALLBROOK 34.78 27.27 -7.50
92026 ESCONDIDO 18.35 17.96 -0.39
92056 DEL MAR 16.30 6.77 -9.53 I 92129 SAN DIEGO 17.14 23.62 6.48
92078 SAN MARCOS 9.96 9.63 -0.33
92024 ENCINITAS 1.68 8.73 7.05
92026 ESCONDIDO 18.35 17.96 -0.39
92081 VISTA 10.41 8.39 -2 .01
91950 NATIONAL CITY 30.32 36.80 6.48
92056 OCEANSIDE 16.30 6.77 -9.53
92020 EL CAJON 31.54 38.02 6.48
92592 TEMECULA 48.77 43.16 -5.61
92057 OCEANSIDE 19.66 10.49 -9.17
92057 OCEANSIDE 19.66 10.49 -9.17
92058 OCEANSIDE 19.97 12.63 -7.35
92126 SAN DIEGO 17.10 23.58 6.48
92084 VISTA 16.02 11.87 -4.15
92129 SAN DIEGO 17.14 23.62 6.48
92028 FALLBROOK 34.78 27.27 -7.50
92057 OCEANSIDE 19.66 10.49 -9.17
92126 SAN DIEGO 17.10 23.58 6.48
92058 OCEANSIDE 19.97 12.63 -7.35
92009 CARLSBAD 6.29 7.18 0.89
92008 CARLSBAD 10.14 3.37 -6.78
91941 LA MESA 30.99 37.47 6.48
92075 SOLANA BEACH 4.71 11.19 6.48
92083 VISTA 13.33 8.27 -5.06
92025 ESCONDIDO 19.39 21.75 2.36
92672 SAN CLEMENTE 33.34 25.84 -7.50
92091 RANCHO SANTA FE 4.24 12.45 8.21
92037 LA JOLLA 16.51 22.99 6.48
91978 SPRING VALLEY 38.20 44.68 6.48
92116 SAN DIEGO 23.14 29.62 6.48
92054 OCEANSIDE 13.16 5.66 -7.50
92122 SAN DIEGO 15.38 21.86 6.48
92009 CARLSBAD 6.29 7.18 0.89
92084 VISTA 16.02 11.87 -4.15
92173 SAN YSIDRO 38.79 45.27 6.48
91977 SPRING VALLEY 34.74 41.21 6.48
91941 LA MESA 30.99 37.47 6.48
92026 ESCONDIDO 18.35 17.96 -0.39
92024 ENCINITAS 1.68 8.73 7.05
92009 CARLSBAD 6.29 7.18 0.89
92084 VISTA 16.02 11.87 -4.15
92154 SAN DIEGO 39.72 46.20 6.48
92009 CARLSBAD 6.29 7.18 0.89
92007 ENCINITAS 2.27 9.13 6.86
92131 SAN DIEGO 22.16 28.64 6.48
92058 OCEANSIDE 19.97 12.63 -7.35
92104 SAN DIEGO 24.15 30.63 6.48
92592 TEMECULA 48.77 43.16 -5.61
92129 SAN DIEGO 17.14 23.62 6.48
92591 TEMECULA 46.19 40.58 -5.61
Distance to BMW Distance to BMW
Zip Code City Encinitas Carlsbad Difference
92083 VISTA 13.33 8.27 -5.06
92007 CARDIFF BY THE SEA 2.27 9.13 6.86
92058 OCEANSIDE 19.97 12.63 -7.35
92027 ESCONDIDO 28.76 28.38 -0.39
92008 CARLSBAD 10.14 3.37 -6.781
92130 SAN DIEGO 10.30 16.78 6.48
92024 ENCINITAS 1.68 8.73 7.05
92091 RANCHO SANTA FE 4.24 12.45 8.21
92024 ENCINITAS 1.68 8.73 7.051
92008 CARLSBAD 10.14 3.37 -6.78
91910 CHULA VISTA 34.68 41.16 6.48
92056 OCEANSIDE 16.30 6.77 -9.53,
92009 CARLSBAD 6.29 7.18 0.89
92009 CARLSBAD 6.29 7.18 0.89
92024 ENCINITAS 1.68 8.73 7.05
92027 ESCONDIDO 28.76 28.38 -0.39
92084 VISTA 16.02 11.87 -4.15
92028 FALLBROOK 34.78 27.27 -7.50
92008 CARLSBAD 10.14 3.37 -6.78
92592 TEMECULA 48.77 43.16 -5.61
92126 SAN DIEGO 17.10 23.58 6.48
92083 VISTA 13.33 8.27 -5.06
92069 SAN MARCOS 13.89 13.50 -0.39
92029 ESCONDIDO 16.11 16.301 0.19
92083 VISTA 13.33 8.27 -5.06
92028 FALLBROOK 34.78 27.27 -7.50j
92121 SAN DIEGO 13.03 19.51 6.48
92024 ENCINITAS 1.68 8.73 7.05
92008 CARLSBAD 10.14 3.37 -6.78
92057 OCEANSIDE 19.66 10.49 -9.17
92139 SAN DIEGO 31.90 38.38 6.48
92024 ENCINITAS 1.68 8.73 7.05
VMT/Employee 37.27 36.90 -0.37