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CT 2018-0002; AVIARA APARTMENTS; RESTORATION PLAN; 2022-02-01
Prepared by: HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc. 703 Palomar Airport Road, Suite 200 Carlsbad, CA 92011 Prepared for:Aviara, LP Attn: Dennis Dszuberla 3444 Camino Del Rio N San Diego, CA 92108 Laurel Tree Aviara Apartments Project Restoration Plan February 2022 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK i Laurel Tree Aviara Apartments Project Restoration Plan TABLE OF CONTENTS Section Page I. INTRODUCTION .............................................................................................................. 1 II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................. 1 A. Project Location ...................................................................................................... 1 B. Project Impacts........................................................................................................ 2 C. Mitigation Requirements ........................................................................................ 2 III. RESTORATION DESCRIPTION ...................................................................................... 2 A. Restoration Location ............................................................................................... 3 B. Existing Conditions ................................................................................................. 3 C. Target Functions and Services ................................................................................ 3 IV. IMPLEMENTATION PLAN ............................................................................................. 4 A. Rationale for Expecting Implementation Success .................................................. 4 B. Responsible Parties ................................................................................................. 4 1. Project Proponent ........................................................................................ 4 2. Restoration Specialist.................................................................................. 4 3. Landscape Architect.................................................................................... 5 4. Installation/Maintenance Contractor(s) ...................................................... 5 C. Implementation Schedule ........................................................................................ 5 D. Site Access .............................................................................................................. 5 E. Plant/Seed Orders.................................................................................................... 6 F. Fencing Project Limits ............................................................................................ 6 G. Document Pre-Installation Site Conditions ............................................................ 6 H. Non-Native Plant Removal ..................................................................................... 7 I. Erosion Control ....................................................................................................... 7 J. Irrigation ................................................................................................................. 7 K. Planting Plan ........................................................................................................... 7 L. As-Built Conditions .............................................................................................. 11 V. MAINTENANCE PLAN .................................................................................................. 12 A. MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES .......................................................................... 12 1. General Maintenance ................................................................................ 12 2. Remedial Installation ................................................................................ 12 3. Non-Native Plant Control ......................................................................... 12 4. Irrigation ................................................................................................... 13 5. Other Pests ................................................................................................ 13 6. Fertilizer Application ................................................................................ 14 7. Pruning ...................................................................................................... 14 8. Low Fuel and Succulent Management ...................................................... 14 ii TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) Section Page B. MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE ........................................................................... 14 C. RESPONSIBLE PARTY ...................................................................................... 15 VI. MONITORING PLAN ..................................................................................................... 15 A. Pre-Restoration Site Assessment .......................................................................... 15 B. Installation Monitoring ......................................................................................... 15 C. Maintenance Monitoring ....................................................................................... 16 D. Annual Technical Monitoring ............................................................................... 16 1. Vegetation Cover ...................................................................................... 16 2. Wildlife Observations ............................................................................... 17 3. Photo Documentation................................................................................ 17 4. Annual Reports ......................................................................................... 17 VII. SUCCESS CRITERIA ...................................................................................................... 17 A. Survivorship .......................................................................................................... 18 B. Native Cover ......................................................................................................... 18 C. Non-Native Cover ................................................................................................. 19 D. Target Invasive Species ........................................................................................ 19 E. Rrigation ............................................................................................................... 19 VIII. COMPLETION OF RESTORATION .............................................................................. 19 A. Notification of Completion ................................................................................... 19 B. Confirmation ......................................................................................................... 19 IX. CONTINGENCY MEASURES ....................................................................................... 20 X. REFERENCES ................................................................................................................. 21 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS (cont.) LIST OF FIGURES No. Title Follows Page No. 1 Regional Location ................................................................................................................2 2 Aerial Photograph ................................................................................................................2 3 USGS Topography ...............................................................................................................2 4 Coastal Sage Scrub Creation/Restoration Areas ..................................................................2 LIST OF TABLES No. Title Page No. 1 Vegetation Community Impacts and Mitigation..................................................................2 2 Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub Plant Palette .............................................................................8 3 Maintenance and Monitoring Schedule .............................................................................15 4 Success Criteria Milestones ...............................................................................................18 iv THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 1 I. INTRODUCTION HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc. (HELIX) has prepared this restoration plan to provide guidance for native coastal sage scrub creation and substantial restoration for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project (project). The created and restored areas will be incorporated into the project’s open space preserve and ultimately into a new Hardline Preserve for the City of Carlsbad (City) Habitat Management Plan (HMP). This document provides an implementation plan, maintenance plan, and monitoring plan for on-site creation and substantial restoration of approximately 1.1 acres of Diegan coastal sage scrub (DCSS). The goal of this plan is to create 0.2 acre of DCSS on site to mitigate project impacts in accordance with Mitigation Measure BIO-5 and to restore an additional 0.9-acre area within the project’s required riparian buffer with DCSS. The created and restored habitat is expected to approach the function and value of nearby native upland habitat within five years. II. PROJECT DESCRIPTION A. PROJECT LOCATION The approximately 9.5-acre project site is generally located in the central portion of the City of Carlsbad in northern San Diego County, California (Figure 1). More specifically, the site occurs north of Laurel Tree Lane, south of Palomar Airport Road, and on both sides of Aviara Parkway at the existing Lily’s Enterprise wholesale florist at 1205 Aviara Parkway (Figure 2). The site is situated within an unsectioned portion of the Agua Hedionda land grant, in the Encinitas, California U.S. Geological Survey 7.5-minute quadrangle map (Figure 3). In the context of the adopted Carlsbad HMP, the project site itself is located within Local Facilities Management Zone (LFMZ) 5, with existing HMP Hardline designations overlaying the Encinas Creek corridor off-site to the immediate north, and slope areas off-site to the immediate west. LFMZ 20 occurs to the immediate south and west of the site, with portions overlapping the southern and western edges of the biological survey area (BSA) for the project. The site itself is located outside of the HMP Focus Planning Area (i.e., Cores, Linkages, and Special Resource Areas) and is, therefore, not within a Proposed Hardline or Standards Area. The site is also located within the Coastal Zone, as identified in the certified Carlsbad Local Coastal Plan (LCP). The approximately 1.1-acre restoration site is divided into three main areas in the western, northwestern, and northeastern portions of the site (Figure 4). Within these areas, four different restoration treatment types are prescribed in this plan, as follows: • Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub Creation/Substantial Restoration (0.23 Acre) • Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub Restoration-Riparian Buffer (0.64 Acre) • Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub Restoration-Maintained Low Fuel Native Scrub (0.23 Acre) • Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub Restoration-Maintained 50 percent Succulent Native Scrub (0.02 Acre) Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 2 B. PROJECT IMPACTS The project would impact 7.7 acres of upland vegetation communities, including 0.1 acre of disturbed DCSS, 0.3 acre of non-native grassland, 0.8 acre of non-native vegetation, 3.2 acres of disturbed habitat, and 3.3 acres of developed land (Table 1; HELIX 2018). Table 1 VEGETATION COMMUNITY IMPACTS AND MITIGATION Vegetation Community Habitat Group Existing Project Site (Acres) Project Impacts (Acres) Required Mitigation Ratio Required Mitigation (Acres) Total Mitigation Provided (Acres) Total Conserved On Site (Acres) Southern Willow Scrub A1 0.24 -- 3:1 -- N/A 0.24⁵ Unoccupied Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub (including disturbed) D2 0.4 0.1 2:1³ 0.2³ 0.2³ 0.56 Non-native Grassland E 0.3 0.3 0.5:1⁴ 0.15 0.15⁴ -- Non-native Vegetation F 1.1 0.8 0.1:1⁴ 0.08 0.08⁴ 0.37 Disturbed Habitat F 4.0 3.2 0.34 0.34⁴ 0.67 Developed Land -- 3.4 3.3 -- -- N/A -- TOTAL 9.44 7.7 -- 0.77 0.77 1.64 1 Habitat confirmed unoccupied by least Bell’s vireo during 2017 USFWS protocol surveys. 2 Habitat confirmed unoccupied by coastal California gnatcatcher during 2017 USFWS protocol surveys. 3 To include 2:1 creation and/or substantial restoration on site, subject to the requirements of this plan. 4 Through payment of per acre in lieu mitigation fee to City. 5 This acreage includes all 0.24 acre of existing southern willow scrub that will be avoided and placed in biological open space. 6 This acreage includes 0.3 acre of existing DCSS that will be avoided and the 0.2 acre of DCSS that will be created and/or substantially restored, as subject to the requirements of this plan, all of which will be placed in biological open space. 7 This acreage will be restored to DCSS in accordance with this plan to meet mitigation and/or riparian buffer requirements. C. MITIGATION REQUIREMENTS Unavoidable impacts of 0.1 acre of DCSS are mitigated at a 2:1 ratio through the creation and/or substantial restoration on-site, to ensure no net loss. Other portions of the project open space within the riparian buffer will be restored to DCSS. In total, and with the implementation of required mitigation and riparian buffer restoration, the project would result in the creation and/or substantial restoration of 1.1 acre of DCSS on-site within the project’s open space. III. RESTORATION DESCRIPTION DCSS will be created and restored on approximately 1.1 acres of land within the project site that currently supports disturbed and non-native vegetation communities. The DCSS creation and restoration will occur as four different treatment types that have been specifically developed based on the target biological functions and services, and location on the site. The 1.1 acres to be treated are contiguous with other avoided native habitat types on-site and will contribute to the project’s 1.8-acre biological open space preserve, which will ultimately be incorporated into the HMP Hardline Preserve and managed over the long term in accordance with the Laurel Tree Aviara Preserve Management Plan (HELIX 2021). ! ! !! !!! ! !! !!!! !! !! !!!!!! !!! !!! !! !! !!!! !! !! ! ! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !!!! !! !!!!!! !!!! !! !!!!!! !! !! !! !! !!!! !! !!!!!!!! !! ! ! !! !! !!!! !! !!!!!! !!!!!! !! !! !! ! ! !! !! !! ! ! ! ! !!!!!! !! !! !!!!!!!! !! !! !! !!! !!!!!!!! !!!! !! !! !! !!!! !!!!!! !! !! !! !! !! !!!! !!!! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !!!! !! !!!! !!!! !! !! !! ! !! !!!! !! !! !! !!!! !! !! !!! !!!!!!!! ! ! !!!!!! !! !!!! !!!!!! !!!! !!!! !! !! !!!! !!!!!!!! !! !! !!!! !! !! !!!!!!!!!!!! !!!! !!!! !! !!!! !! !! !!!! !! !! !!!!!!!!!!!! !! !! !! !! !! !!!!!! !! !!!! !! !! ! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! ! !! !!!! !! !! !!!!!! !!!!!! !! !!!! !! !! !! !!!! !! !! !!!! !! !!!! !! !! !! !! !! ! !!!! ! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !!!!!! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !!!!!!!!! !! !! !! !! !!!! !! !! !! !! !! !!!! ! ! ! ! !! !!!! !!!! !!!!!! !!! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! ! ! !! ! ! ! !! !!!! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! !! !! !! !! !! !!!!!! !! !!!! !!!! !!!! !! !! !! !! !!!! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !! !!! ! !!!!!! !!!!!!!! !!!!!!!! !!!!!! !! !! !"a$?¹ Añ?± !"^$ ?³ ?¸ !"^$WÌ !"a$?¸ ?¸ ?t WÊ ?¦ ?¦%&s( !"a$!"^$ WÌ WÎ WÎ ?n Ag Aä ?Ë ?p !"^$%&u( %&s( ?Ë Aä ?p ?¹ POWAY OCEANSIDE CARLSBAD VISTA ESCONDIDO OTAY CHULA VISTA SANTEE SANMARCOS ENCINITAS EL CAJON LA MESA CORONADO NATIONALCITY IMPERIALBEACH LEMONGROVE SOLANABEACH DEL MAR SANDIEGO CAMP PENDLETON LakeSan Marcos Lake Hodges Lake Wohlford Lake RamonaLake Poway Miramar Reservoir San VicenteReservoir LakeMurray SweetwaterReservoir LakeJennings OtayReservoir Pacific Ocean San Die g o B a y Santee Lakes SutherlandReservoir Lake Henshaw El Capitan Reservoir Loveland Reservoir Vail Lake O'Neill Lake Barrett Lake TIJUANA UNIT ED STATE S MEXIC O DULZURA JULIAN RAMONA WARNERSPRINGS RIVERSIDECOUNTY ORANGECOUNTY SAN DIEGOCOUNTY ! Project Site ALPINELAJOLLA ?¹ FALLBROOK Figure 1Regional Location I:\PROJECTS\S\SHC\SHC-01_LaurelTreeAviara\Map\ConceptualRestPlan\Fig1_Regional.mxd SHC-01 07/27/17 -RK Source: Base Map Layers (SanGIS, 2016)K Laurel Tree Aviara 0 8 Miles Agua Hedionda Palomar Airport Project Site PacificOcean College B o u l e v a rd PalomarAirportRoad Cannon Road FaradayAvenu e P o in s ettia L a n e A via r a P a rk w a y Camino De Las Ondas Pa s e o DelNorte !"^$ B a t i q u i t o s D r i v e H i d d e n V a ll e y Road A r m a d a Drive Project Site Figure 2 Aerial Photograph I:\PROJECTS\S\SummerHillHomes_03567\SHC-01_LaurelTreeAviara\Map\ConceptualRestPlan\Fig2_Aerial.mxd SHC-01 1/28/2022 -RK Source: Aerial Photo (SanGIS, 2014)K Laurel Tree Aviara 0 2,000 Feet Copyright:© 2013 National Geographic Society, i-cubed Project Site Figure 3USGS Topography I:\PROJECTS\S\SHC\SHC-01_LaurelTreeAviara\Map\ConceptualRestPlan\Fig3_USGS.mxd SHC-01 9/5/2018 -RK Source: Encinitas 7.5' Quad (USGS)K Laurel Tree Aviara 0 2,000 Feet ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! ! ! ! ! !! ! !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! #* #* #* #* #*#* #* #* #* #*#* #* #* #* #* #* #* #* Aviara Parkway Laurel TreeRoad L a u r e l T r e e L a n e E b b T i d e S t r e e t L a u r e l T r e e L a n e Encinas Creek E n c i n a s C r e e k Ap IhIhIhIhIhIh Ja IhIh Ap (2) Ih (9) Ih (3) I:\PROJECTS\S\SummerHillHomes_03567\SHC-01_LaurelTreeAviara\Map\ConceptualRestPlan\Fig4_RestorationArea.mxd SHC-01 2/4/2022 -CL Figure 4 Coastal Sage Scrub Creation/Restoration Areas Source: Aerial (SanGIS, 2014).0 100 Feet Laurel Tree Aviara K Project Site Proposed On-site Preserve/Proposed Hardline Contribution Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub Creation/Substantial Restoration Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub Restoration-Riparian Buffer Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub Restoration-Maintained Low Fuel Native Scrub Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub Restoration - Maintained 50% Succulent Native Scrub Existing Hardline !!Conceptual Fencing Location #*Conceptual Signage Location Vegetation Developed Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub Diegan Coastal Sage Scrub - Disturbed Disturbed Habitat Non-native Grassland Non-native Vegetation Southern Mixed Chaparral Southern Willow Scrub Sensitive Resources hI San Diego Marsh-elder (Iva hayesiana) aJ Southwestern Spiny Rush (Juncus acutus ssp. leopoldii) Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 3 A. RESTORATION LOCATION Figure 4 depicts the planned restoration areas in relation to the project and the existing and proposed open space areas. The restoration areas will serve as an upland transition and buffer between the project’s development and the Encinas Creek riparian corridor to the north, as well as to re-establish and enhance the quality and connectivity of upland habitat to the west of the site. B. EXISTING CONDITIONS The target restoration areas are generally characterized as relatively flat in the northern portions, adjacent to Encinas Creek, and moderately sloped along the western portion of the site. Elevations range from approximately 80 feet to 170 feet above mean sea level (amsl). Soils mapped within the northern portions include Las Flores loamy fine sand, 2 to 9 percent slopes, and Diablo clay, 15 to 30 percent slopes, in the western portion (Bowman 1973). Two vegetation communities or land use types occur within the target treatment areas: disturbed habitat (0.7 acre) and non-native vegetation (0.4 acre) (Figure 4; Table 1). The treatment areas are situated within uplands; drainage features, wetland conditions, and floodplain areas are absent from the treatment areas. No sensitive species were observed within the target treatment areas during previous biological surveys (HELIX 2018). Yellow-breasted chat (Icteria virens) was observed immediately north within the off-site riparian habitat associated with Encinas Creek. In addition, a single southwestern spiny rush (Juncus acutus ssp. leopoldii) and fourteen San Diego marsh-elder (Iva hayesiana) individuals were observed off-site to the immediate north within the Encinas Creek corridor (Figure 4). All of these species occur within open space areas outside of the proposed restoration area. C. TARGET FUNCTIONS AND SERVICES The primary goal of the restoration effort is to establish healthy DCSS habitat that can perform the same or greater functions and services (e.g., riparian buffer, wildlife habitat, ecotonal functions, etc.) as existing DCSS in the local area. The secondary goal is to enhance habitat connectivity and diversity in the local area and increase the amount of high-quality native habitat being actively managed within the HMP Hardline preserve area. The DCSS creation in the western portion of the site will re-establish DCSS habitat that likely historically existed along the south rim and slopes of the Encinas Creek valley. The created habitat will adjoin neighboring stands of existing DCSS that are either off-site and already located within HMP Hardline, or within the on-site biological open space that will be added to HMP Hardline. The created habitat will result in a larger, contiguous stand of DCSS in the local area and increase the amount and long-term viability of live-in and temporary (i.e., migration and dispersal) habitat for resident and migratory wildlife species, including HMP species, such as the coastal California gnatcatcher (Polioptila californica californica). The DCSS riparian buffer restoration in the northern portions of the site will establish a minimum 50-foot-wide upland buffer between the proposed developments and the Encinas Creek riparian corridor. The primary functions and services to be achieved are to: establish a native-vegetated landscape that will widen the ultimate Encinas Creek corridor configuration and protect it from the potential effects of adjacent developments, in perpetuity; and increase the amount and enhance Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 4 the long-term viability of live-in and temporary habitat for resident and migratory wildlife species, including HMP species. IV. IMPLEMENTATION PLAN A. RATIONALE FOR EXPECTING IMPLEMENTATION SUCCESS The proposed creation and restoration is anticipated to be successful based on the following: (1) the landscape setting and soils at the proposed restoration locations are suitable for DCSS; (2) the proposed native planting and seed palettes are derived from native flora known to occur on-site or in the local area; and (3) the treatment areas will be subject to targeted maintenance efforts to ensure plant establishment and sustenance, including temporary irrigation and a minimum of five years of restoration monitoring, maintenance, and management. B. RESPONSIBLE PARTIES 1. Project Proponent The City of Carlsbad is the Lead Agency for this project. Contact information is provided below: Contact: Rosanne Humphrey, Senior Program Manager City of Carlsbad Environmental Management Division 1635 Faraday Ave. Carlsbad, CA 92008-7314 (760) 602-4623 Rosanne.Humphrey@carlsbadca.gov Aviara, LP, or their successor or assigns, will be responsible for financing the installation and five-year monitoring of the habitat restoration proposed in this plan. Contact information is provided below: Aviara, LP Attn: Dennis Dszuberla 3444 Camino Del Rio N San Diego, CA 92108 2. Restoration Specialist Overall supervision of the installation, maintenance, and monitoring of this restoration effort will be the responsibility of a qualified restoration specialist with at least five years of experience with successful native upland habitat restoration in southern California. The restoration specialist will oversee the efforts of the installation and maintenance contractor(s) for the duration of the restoration effort. Specific tasks of the restoration specialist include educating all participants with regard to restoration goals and requirements, as well as directly overseeing fencing, planting, seeding, weeding, and other maintenance activities. The restoration specialist will explain to the contractor how to avoid impacts to existing sensitive habitat and sensitive species. When necessary, the restoration specialist will provide the project proponent and contractor with a Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 5 written monitoring memo, including a list of items in need of attention. The restoration specialist also will conduct annual assessments of the restoration effort and prepare and submit an annual report to the City of Carlsbad each year during the five-year maintenance and monitoring period. 3. Landscape Architect A licensed landscape architect will prepare any necessary construction documents, including irrigation and planting plans (GMP 2022). This person will inspect the irrigation system prior to seeding and planting to help assure complete coverage of the restoration area while minimizing runoff into the adjacent habitat. 4. Installation/Maintenance Contractor(s) The installation and maintenance contractor(s) will have at least five years of experience in successful native upland habitat restoration in southern California and be under the direction of the restoration specialist who will assist the contractor(s) with the installation and maintenance of the target vegetation type. Different contractors may be used for the installation and maintenance phases of the upland restoration effort, or they may be the same entity. The project proponent may change contractors at its discretion as long as the contractor has the required level of experience, as stated above. The installation and maintenance contractor(s) will service the entire restoration area as required, meet the restoration specialist at the site when requested, and perform all checklist items in a timely manner as directed by the project proponent. They will be knowledgeable regarding the maintenance of native habitat and the difference between native and non-native plants. Installation would include the application of seeds and tackifier, planting container plants, installing temporary irrigation, and ensuring erosion control devices have been properly installed by others. Maintenance would include but not be limited to non-native plant species control, trash removal, irrigation, and potentially re-seeding and/or re-planting. All maintenance activities would be seasonally appropriate and approved by the restoration specialist. C. IMPLEMENTATION SCHEDULE The restoration installation should be scheduled to occur during the fall or winter months (October through December). Plantings and hydroseed can be installed after the site preparation (by construction contractor) and irrigation installation (by restoration installation contractor) have been completed. Monitoring of the restoration effort will begin with site preparation (i.e., monitoring during construction), and will continue throughout the installation, establishment period, and five-year performance monitoring period. Maintenance of the restored habitats will begin following the completion of installation and will continue for the five-year maintenance period. D. SITE ACCESS Vehicles, heavy equipment, irrigation supplies, container plantings, and any other materials or personnel required to execute the planned upland restoration will be confined to on-site areas approved for development. Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 6 E. PLANT/SEED ORDERS The plants selected for installation in the upland restoration area have been documented to occur on-site or in DCSS habitat in coastal Carlsbad. Seed will be obtained from a reputable seed supplier (e.g., S&S Seeds). The restoration specialist must approve the species, amounts, and donor sites for all seed and container stock orders prior to purchase. Plants and seed for the restoration effort should be obtained from coastal San Diego County, whenever possible. Species substitutions, quantity changes, or use of commercial seed may be allowed, if necessary, at the discretion of the restoration specialist. The source and proof of locally sourced native plant material and seed should be provided and addressed in the as-built report for the site. The restoration specialist must inspect all plant material prior to installation. F. FENCING PROJECT LIMITS As part of the development project, construction fencing and erosion control (e.g., silt fencing) will be installed prior to grading on the north and west side of the limits of work. Fencing will delineate the limits of work and protect adjacent native habitat during project construction and restoration installation. Construction fencing will be removed following complete restoration installation; however, erosion control will stay in place and be maintained by the maintenance contractor until enough vegetation has established to prevent erosion. The restoration specialist will determine when fencing can be removed. As depicted on Figure 4, permanent fencing consisting of three-strand smooth-wire fencing with open space signs will be installed at the northeastern, northwestern, and western restoration areas after grading to separate the restoration areas from project development and other areas that could be subject to unauthorized human access. The signs must be corrosion resistant, a minimum of 6” x 9” in size, mounted not less than three feet in height from the ground surface, and should state the following or similar: Sensitive Environmental Resources Area Restricted by Easement Entry without express written permission from the City of Carlsbad is prohibited. To report a violation or for more information about easement restrictions and exceptions contact the City of Carlsbad, Environmental Management Division Reference: (CDP 2018-005) The use of nylon netting and other non-biodegradable materials is prohibited, except for temporary silt fencing and construction fencing, as described herein. G. DOCUMENT PRE-INSTALLATION SITE CONDITIONS The restoration specialist will document pre-installation site conditions as detailed below in Section VI.A of this Plan. Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 7 H. NON-NATIVE PLANT REMOVAL Because the proposed restoration areas will not be graded as part of the construction of the Laurel Tree Aviara complex, removal of non-native vegetation is required as part of site preparation and prior to any installation tasks. I. EROSION CONTROL In addition to the erosion control installed along the northern and western restoration boundary, erosion control measures may also be used within the restoration area wherever deemed necessary by the restoration specialist, although they are not anticipated to be required at this time due to the small size of the restoration areas, hydroseed application, and overall low likelihood for erosion. Supplemental erosion control measures may include but are not limited to organic matting, fiber rolls (straw wattles), and silt fencing. Any straw wattles used at the project site must have biodegradable netting. Any installed erosion control materials will be removed from the site once sufficient native plant cover is established. Hydroseeding will occur in a two-step process. Step one will include the seeds, mycorrhizal inoculum, 25 percent of the wood fiber mulch, and necessary water. The second step will include a hydro-slurry containing tackifier, wood fiber/mulch, and compost that will be applied over the top of the seed mixture to provide erosion control across the site. The first step may be done by hand at the contractor’s discretion and approval from the Restoration Specialist. The slope between the restoration areas in the southwest corner of the project site will be monitored for erosion issues by the Restoration Specialist. Any issues with erosion will be brought to the attention of the project proponent and maintenance crews. J. IRRIGATION Temporary, above-ground irrigation will be installed throughout the DCSS restoration area. The project landscape architect, together with the installation contractor, will inspect the irrigation to ensure full coverage of target areas prior to plant/seed installation. The irrigation schedule will attempt to develop deep root growth with evenly spaced, infrequent, deep applications of water. Irrigation will be minimized following natural rainfall events, but in the absence of rain events, will occur at a minimum of once every two weeks, or as needed, for the first two years to ensure plant establishment. Once plant material is established, the system will be deactivated. To demonstrate that vegetation is self-sustaining, the irrigation system must be turned off for at least two years prior to the end of the restoration effort. All above-ground portions of the irrigation system should be removed at the end of the five-year maintenance and monitoring period, following sign-off by the City. K. PLANTING PLAN Four DCSS plant palettes have been developed for the restoration effort based on the location within the project site and desired biological functions and services. The four palettes are included in Table 2 below. DCSS restoration areas that occur adjacent to project developments have been specifically prescribed plant palettes that meet low-fuel and succulent requirements, as approved in coordination with the City Fire Department and compatible with the approved fire management plan for the project. Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 8 Table 2 DIEGAN COASTAL SAGE SCRUB PLANT PALETTE DCSS Creation / Substantial Restoration (0.23 Acre) Container Plantings Scientific Name1 Common Name Spacing On Center Grouping Size Number Per Acre Artemisia californica California sagebrush 5 27 270 Baccharis pilularis coyote brush 5 5 50 Cylindropuntia prolifera coast cholla 3 6 45 Eriogonum fasciculatum ssp. fasciculatum California buckwheat 5 16 160 Isocoma menziesii coastal goldenbush 4 5 50 Malosma laurina laurel sumac 8 3 30 Opuntia littoralis coastal prickly pear 4 6 60 Peritoma (Isomeris) arborea bladderpod 5 5 50 Rhus integrifolia lemonadeberry 8 3 30 TOTAL 745 Seed Mixture Scientific Name1 Common Name Percent Purity/ Germination Pounds Per Acre Acmispon glaber deerweed 95/80 1.5 Artemisia californica California sagebrush 15/60 4 Deinandra fasciculata fascicled tarplant 20/80 3 Encelia californica California encelia 40/60 3 Eriogonum fasciculatum ssp. fasciculatum California buckwheat 50/20 2 Eriophyllum confertiflorum golden-yarrow 30/70 4 Eucrypta chrysanthemifolia common eucrypta 40/70 2 Heterotheca grandiflora telegraph weed 40/50 1 Salvia mellifera black sage 70/50 2 Stipa pulchra purple needlegrass 90/80 6 TOTAL 28.5 Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 9 Table 2 DIEGAN COASTAL SAGE SCRUB PLANT PALETTE (cont.) DCSS Restoration-Riparian Buffer (0.64 Acre) Container Plantings Scientific Name1 Common Name Spacing On Center Grouping Size Number Per Acre Artemisia californica California sagebrush 5 27 270 Baccharis pilularis coyote brush 5 5 50 Cylindropuntia prolifera coast cholla 3 6 45 Eriogonum fasciculatum ssp. fasciculatum California buckwheat 5 16 160 Isocoma menziesii coastal goldenbush 4 5 50 Malosma laurina laurel sumac 8 3 30 Opuntia littoralis coastal prickly pear 4 6 60 Peritoma (Isomeris) arborea bladderpod 5 5 50 Rhus integrifolia lemonadeberry 8 3 30 TOTAL 745 Seed Mixture Scientific Name1 Common Name Percent Purity/ Germination Pounds Per Acre Acmispon glaber deerweed 95/80 1.5 Artemisia californica California sagebrush 15/60 4 Deinandra fasciculata fascicled tarplant 20/80 3 Encelia californica California encelia 40/60 3 Eriogonum fasciculatum ssp. fasciculatum California buckwheat 50/20 2 Eriophyllum confertiflorum golden-yarrow 30/70 4 Eucrypta chrysanthemifolia common eucrypta 40/70 2 Heterotheca grandiflora telegraph weed 40/50 1 Salvia mellifera black sage 70/50 2 Stipa pulchra purple needlegrass 90/80 6 TOTAL 28.5 Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 10 Table 2 DIEGAN COASTAL SAGE SCRUB PLANT PALETTE (cont.) DCSS Restoration-Maintained Low Fuel Native Scrub (0.23 Acre) Container Plantings Scientific Name Common Name Spacing On Center Grouping Size Number Per Acre Baccharis pilularis coyote brush 5 5 60 Isocoma menziesii coastal goldenbush 4 5 60 Opuntia littoralis coastal prickly pear 4 6 30 Peritoma (Isomeris) arborea bladderpod 5 5 50 TOTAL 200 Seed Mixture Scientific Name Common Name Percent Purity/ Germination Pounds Per Acre Acmispon glaber deerweed 95/80 2 Deinandra fasciculata fascicled tarplant 20/80 3 Encelia californica California encelia 40/60 3 Eriophyllum confertiflorum golden-yarrow 30/70 4 Eucrypta chrysanthemifolia common eucrypta 40/70 2 Heterotheca grandiflora telegraph weed 40/50 1 Stipa pulchra purple needlegrass 90/80 6 TOTAL 21 Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 11 Table 2 DIEGAN COASTAL SAGE SCRUB PLANT PALETTE (cont.) DCSS Restoration-Maintained 50% Succulent Native Scrub (0.02 Acre) Container Plantings Scientific Name Common Name Spacing On Center Grouping Size Number Per Acre Baccharis pilularis coyote brush 5 5 60 Cylindropuntia prolifera coast cholla 3 6 60 Isocoma menziesii coastal goldenbush 4 5 30 Opuntia littoralis coastal prickly pear 4 6 60 Peritoma (Isomeris) arborea bladderpod 5 5 30 TOTAL 240 Seed Mixture Scientific Name Common Name Percent Purity/ Germination Pounds Per Acre Acmispon glaber deerweed 95/80 2 Eriophyllum confertiflorum golden-yarrow 30/70 4 Stipa pulchra purple needlegrass 90/80 6 TOTAL 12 After completion of site preparation and installation of irrigation, native plants and seed will be installed within the DCSS restoration areas. The species selected for planting and seeding include both fast-growing annual species that are quick to germinate to provide initial cover and help protect the site from erosion, in addition to slower-growing perennials to provide the bulk of the shrub-layer cover and desired habitat values. Container stock would be one-gallon and should be installed in holes that, when possible, are the same size as the planting container, unless otherwise directed by the restoration specialist. Holes may be excavated with mechanical augers. Plants should be installed in a way that mimics natural plant distribution; therefore, container plantings will be installed in groupings of three to 27 plants. After plant installation, seed will be installed. L. AS-BUILT CONDITIONS The restoration specialist shall submit a brief letter report to the City, including an as-built graphic, within six weeks of completion of restoration installation. This letter will describe site preparation, installation methods, and the as-built status of the overall restoration effort. Part of this submittal will be an as-built graphic that depicts major deviations in the locations of plantings and other key features from the construction documents. Pre- and post-installation photographs taken from four identified photo stations shall be included as part of the as-built report. Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 12 V. MAINTENANCE PLAN A. MAINTENANCE ACTIVITIES A five-year maintenance program is proposed to ensure the successful establishment and persistence of DCSS habitat within the restoration areas. The maintenance program will involve the removal of non-native species and trash, irrigation maintenance, and any remedial measures deemed necessary for the success of the restoration program (e.g., re-seeding and re-planting). Maintenance activities will be directed by the restoration specialist and implemented by the installation/maintenance contractor(s). 1. General Maintenance The maintenance guidelines are tailored for native plant establishment. Maintenance personnel will be informed of the goals of the restoration effort and the maintenance requirements. A professional with experience and knowledge in native habitat restoration maintenance will supervise maintenance activities. It is the installation/maintenance contractor’s responsibility to keep seeded and planted areas free of debris, and to monitor irrigation function and scheduling, plant material condition and health, and removal of non-native species. The contractor(s) will also be responsible for replacing any dead or terminally diseased plants at the direction of the restoration specialist. Damage to plants, irrigation systems, and other facilities occurring as a result of unusual weather or vandalism will be repaired as directed by the restoration specialist. The cost of such repairs will be paid for as extra work. The contractor(s) will be responsible for damage caused by the contractor’s inadequate maintenance or operation of irrigation systems as determined by the restoration specialist. 2. Remedial Installation Areas with low seed germination and establishment of native plantings will be re-seeded and/or re-planted at the direction of the restoration specialist. 3. Non-Native Plant Control Particular emphasis will be placed on the proactive removal of non-native plants. Eradication will be conducted as necessary but should be conducted at least three times per rainy season through Year 5 to minimize competition that could prevent native species establishment. As non-native plants become evident, they should be removed by hand or controlled with the proper herbicides (if approved by the restoration specialist). The restoration specialist will oversee non-native plant control by the maintenance contractor; however, maintenance personnel must be knowledgeable in distinguishing non-native species from desirable native vegetation. Non-native plant species known by the scientific community to be locally invasive and plants considered to be moderately or highly invasive by the California Invasive Plant Council (Cal-IPC 2016) shall be totally eradicated within restoration boundaries. Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 13 Examples of invasive plants observed on site include the following: • fennel (Foeniculum vulgare), • hottentot-fig (Carpobrotus edulis) • crystalline iceplant (Mesembryanthemum crystallinum) • tocalote (Centaurea melitensis) • bull thistle (Cirsium vulgare) • black mustard (Brassica nigra) • Mexican fan palm (Washingtonia robusta) • pampas grass (Cortaderia jubata) • fountain grass (Pennisetum setaceum) In addition, although ranked as having “limited” potential for invasiveness, any eucalyptus (Eucalyptus spp.), Canary Island date palm (Phoenix canariensis), or Russian thistle (Salsola tragus), which have been observed to invade other disturbed sites in the project vicinity, also will be targeted for eradication from the restoration area. Regardless of listing as an invasive species or not, non-native species that jeopardize the successful establishment of coastal sage scrub will be controlled to minimize competition with native species. Non-native grasses listed as moderately or highly invasive will be controlled on-site, but due to their abundance in the local area, total eradication is not considered feasible. The slope between the restoration areas in the southwest corner of the project site will be monitored for weeds by the Restoration Specialist. Any issues with weeds will be brought to the attention of the project proponent and maintenance crews. 4. Irrigation The goal is to obtain germination and growth with the least amount of irrigation. Frequent irrigation encourages invasion by non-native plants, leaches nutrients from the soil, and can increase erosion; therefore, water will be applied infrequently and only as needed to prevent plant mortality. Native plantings that are infrequently irrigated may grow slower initially but will ultimately be better able to withstand natural variations in rainfall and, therefore, be more successful long-term. The irrigation schedule will attempt to develop deep root growth with evenly spaced, infrequent, deep applications of water. To obtain deep penetration of water, the irrigation system may be activated several times in one 24-hour period. Irrigation will be minimized to limit runoff and will be turned off during and following natural rainfall events. The irrigation system will be maintained until the restoration specialist determines that supplemental water is no longer required. At that time, irrigation will be permanently disconnected (e.g., the mainline will be cut) but not removed. Above-ground portions of irrigation will be removed when it is deemed no longer necessary by the restoration specialist, which is typically in Year 3 and no later than Year 4. 5. Other Pests Insects, vertebrate pests, and diseases will be monitored. Generally, pests will be tolerated unless they pose a significant threat to restoration success. If deemed necessary, a licensed pest control Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 14 adviser will make specific pest control recommendations. Applicable federal and state laws and regulations will be closely followed. The restoration specialist will be consulted on any pest control matters. 6. Fertilizer Application Slow-release fertilizer may be used as a soil amendment if it is determined during the restoration maintenance and monitoring period that soils are unexpectedly unsuitable. If appropriate, this will consist of slow-release fertilizer installed with each container plant. Otherwise, fertilizer will not be applied except in extraordinary circumstances and only at the written direction of the restoration specialist. 7. Pruning No post-installation pruning is necessary unless otherwise directed by the restoration specialist. 8. Low Fuel and Succulent Management Due to the proximity of the areas to proposed developments, the DCSS Restoration-Maintained Low Fuel Native Scrub shall be maintained to achieve native low fuel species composition throughout, and the DCSS Maintained 50 percent Succulent Native Scrub shall be maintained to achieve at least 50 percent coverage of native succulents. B. MAINTENANCE SCHEDULE Maintenance will be performed as necessary to prevent re-seeding by non-native plants and will likely change with varying site conditions and seasons; the schedule outlined in Table 3 serves only as a guideline. The maintenance contractor will be responsible for maintenance activities during the entire five-year maintenance period, which includes monthly maintenance during the 120-day establishment period. For the remainder of the first three years of this period, maintenance is expected to be required every other month between November and April (to cover the peak growing period for upland species) and two additional times during the remainder of the year. Maintenance visits may be reduced and become quarterly in Years 4 and 5 if approved by the restoration specialist and City. The installation/maintenance contractor(s) will complete maintenance requests from the restoration specialist within 14 days of any written request or monitoring report. Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 15 Table 3 MAINTENANCE AND MONITORING SCHEDULE* Phase Schedule Installation 120-day establishment period Monthly Maintenance Remainder of Year 1 through Year 3 November to April May to October 5 visits Every other Month 2 additional visits: June and August Years 4 and 5 Quarterly * This schedule is only a guideline; maintenance will be performed as necessary and as directed by the restoration specialist. A minimum of three visits will occur between November and April to conduct non-native vegetation removal. C. RESPONSIBLE PARTY Aviara, LP, or their successor or assigns, will be responsible for ensuring the implementation of the maintenance program. The responsible party may change with the sale of the property. Ultimately, the property may be transferred in fee title (subject to City approval) to a public or private entity specializing in long-term management of open space. If such a transfer were to occur prior to sign-off by the City, this entity would become responsible for the maintenance program. VI. MONITORING PLAN Monitoring will be carried out by the restoration specialist, beginning with site preparation and habitat installation, and continuing through sign-off, approximately five years after the start of the restoration effort. Monitoring will include (1) documenting pre-restoration site conditions; (2) installation monitoring; (3) maintenance monitoring; and (4) annual technical monitoring. During each visit, the restoration specialist will inspect the site to ensure that the restoration effort is progressing as planned and identify any problems that may affect the effort. A. PRE-RESTORATION SITE ASSESSMENT The restoration specialist will visit the site prior to the start of installation to document existing site conditions by taking photographs, listing all plants and animals observed, and noting any special conditions within the proposed restoration area. They will identify at least four photo documentation locations from which to document pre-project site conditions. These photo locations will be recorded using a Global Positioning Satellite (GPS) with sub-meter accuracy and mapped on an aerial photo of the site. These same photo locations will be used to document site conditions following restoration installation and each of the five years of the maintenance period. B. INSTALLATION MONITORING The restoration specialist will be on-site daily during installation to ensure that activities are being conducted per this plan. The restoration specialist will monitor all phases of the installation Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 16 process, including site preparation and installation of plants and seed. The restoration specialist must inspect and authorize each phase of work before the next phase may begin. Post-installation photos will be taken in the restoration area from the designated photo documentation stations. This information will be used later to track the changes in vegetation as a result of site restoration. C. MAINTENANCE MONITORING Maintenance monitoring will consist of general site inspections focusing on visual observations of native plant establishment and growth and other site conditions (e.g., presence of non-native plants). Following installation, the restoration specialist will monitor maintenance activities conducted by the installation contractor during the 120-day establishment period and by the maintenance contractor for the remainder of the five-year maintenance and monitoring period (in accordance with the schedule outlined in Table 3). In Years 1 through 3, visits will be conducted every other month from November through April (to cover the peak establishment period for upland vegetation) and twice during the remainder of the year, for a total of 5 visits per year. Monitoring during Years 4 and 5 will be conducted quarterly. This monitoring schedule is the minimum; more frequent inspections may be necessary if there are problems with contractor performance or habitat development. Monitoring memos noting any issues with plant establishment, irrigation, sediment control, etc., will be provided as necessary to the installation/maintenance contractor(s) and the project proponent. D. ANNUAL TECHNICAL MONITORING In addition to maintenance monitoring visits, the restoration specialist will conduct annual technical monitoring in April of each year during the five-year maintenance and monitoring period. The visits are scheduled for spring to coincide with the peak of the growing season for most native upland herbs and shrubs. The exact timing of the visits will depend on site and weather conditions. Annual monitoring will include both qualitative (visual) assessments and quantitative (transect data collection; Elzinga et al. 1998) sampling within the restoration site. The qualitative assessment will consist of the following: (1) photo documentation, (2) a complete list of plant and animal species observed, and (3) general observations of plant health and recruitment. The quantitative assessment will begin in Year 3 and includes the establishment of four 25-meter transects, including one in the DCSS creation/substantial restoration treatment area in the southwestern portion of the site, one in the DCSS restoration-riparian buffer in the northwestern portion, one in the DCSS restoration-maintained low fuel native scrub in the northwestern portion, and one in the DCSS restoration-riparian buffer in the northeastern portion. Success criteria milestones are provided below. 1. Vegetation Cover In Years 1 and 2, the native and non-native cover will be visually estimated for each habitat type. In Year 3, transects will be established during the first quantitative sampling event and permanently marked with rebar to facilitate their use in subsequent years. Vegetative data will be collected along each transect using the point intercept line transect sampling methods described in the California Native Plant Society’s Field Sampling Protocol (Sawyer and Keeler-Wolf 1995). Species cover data will be collected by recording all of the species intercepted at each 0.5-meter Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 17 interval along the length of each transect. Vegetation will be recorded separately for herb (0 to 0.6 meter), shrub (0.6 to two meters), and tree (greater than two meters) layers. Species richness is the number of native species present in a given area. Species richness data will be collected by noting all species occurring within a 2-meter belt transect centered on each line transect (1 meter on each side of point intercept transect). This data will be used to obtain native and non-native cover values, target invasive species cover, and species richness. Transect data will be averaged to obtain cover estimates and species richness for the overall restoration site. Estimates for these vegetation aspects will be done separately for each of the four established transects. 2. Wildlife Observations Observations of wildlife within the restoration areas will be documented and included in each annual report. No focused wildlife surveys will be conducted. 3. Photo Documentation Photo documentation stations will be established at the point of origin or end point of each of the established transects. The stations will be re-photographed each year during the annual assessment to demonstrate the trajectory of the restoration site. 4. Annual Reports An annual report will be prepared each year during the five-year monitoring period and submitted to the City within six weeks of the completion of each year. In addition to the observations, photo documentation, and success criteria evaluation presented in the annual reports, the reports will also opine on the probability the restored habitat will meet Year 5 success criteria, and what, if any, measures should be implemented to ensure the project will meet final success criteria. VII. SUCCESS CRITERIA To complete the 120-day establishment period, irrigation must be functional, container plantings must have 100 percent survivorship, germination should be uniform throughout the site, and no target invasive species (listed in Section V.A.3, above) may be present in the restoration area. Any replacement plantings added to attain the survivorship criterion must be installed for at least 30 days prior to sign-off of the 120-day establishment period. Success criteria provide specific standards to evaluate the progress of the restoration effort. Attainment of these standards indicates that the restoration area is progressing toward, and has the habitat function and services specified by this plan. Restoration success will be determined by comparing measures of planting survivorship, vegetative cover, and native plant recruitment within the restoration area to specified targets, based on visual observations. The following parameters will determine the success of the restoration effort: Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 18 (1) Container plant survivorship; (2) Absolute native cover target; (3) Absolute non-native cover limit (excluding target species); (4) Cal-IPC target invasive plants cover; and (5) Recruitment (i.e., the successful, natural reproduction and/or establishment of plants in a given area). Specific final and interim success criteria, demonstrating that the restoration effort is on track to meet the final criteria, are provided for Years 1 through 5 (Table 4). No native cover success criteria are specified for Years 1 and 2; however, the visual estimates indicate the trajectory of coastal sage scrub establishment. Table 4 SUCCESS CRITERIA MILESTONES (percent) Criteria Year 1 Year 2 Year 3 Year 4 Year 5 Planting survivorship 90 80 -- -- -- Minimum native vegetation cover -- -- 45 55 70 Minimum native vegetation cover (low fuel native scrub)* -- -- 45 50 50 Minimum native shrub cover 25 40 60 Minimum native herb cover 20 15 10 Maximum non-native vegetation cover 10 10 10 10 10 Maximum target invasive species cover 0 0 0 0 0 Recruitment** -- -- 3 3 3 Native Species Richness*** -- -- 3 4 5 * Native low fuel species shall be maintained to achieve at least 50 percent coverage of native succulents. **Value is for the number of species. ***No success criteria for Years 1 and 2. Each of these species must occupy at least five percent of the vegetated area. A. SURVIVORSHIP Container plant survival within the DCSS restoration area should be 90 percent of the initial plantings in Year 1 and 80 percent in Year 2. If this target is not met, dead plants should be replaced unless their function has been replaced by natural recruitment. B. NATIVE COVER Cover by native vegetation should increase over time and ultimately approach that of nearby undisturbed DCSS habitat, and by the end of the restoration effort, at least 70 percent native cover should be established in the DCSS restoration area. Native cover in the preserved DCSS located on-site is expected to increase from weed removal specified in the Preserve Management Plan. The DCSS Restoration-Maintained Low Fuel Native Scrub shall be maintained to achieve native Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 19 low fuel species composition throughout, and the DCSS Maintained 50 percent Succulent Native Scrub shall be maintained to achieve at least 50 percent coverage of native succulents. C. NON-NATIVE COVER Non-native cover is typically a problem with habitat restoration, particularly at the outset of a restoration effort. However, as the restoration takes hold and with diligent maintenance efforts, the non-native cover should decrease to an acceptable level. Given the intense maintenance schedule for the site, non-native cover within the restoration area should not exceed 10 percent in any year of the 5-year monitoring period. D. TARGET INVASIVE SPECIES Target invasive non-native species (listed in Section V.A.3, above) should be completely eradicated from the restoration area. Target invasive species shall be eliminated during regular maintenance visits whenever they are encountered. E. IRRIGATION To provide evidence that vegetation is self-sufficient, direct irrigation of the DCSS restoration areas must be shut off at least two years prior to the end of the maintenance/monitoring period. VIII. COMPLETION OF RESTORATION A. NOTIFICATION OF COMPLETION The City will be notified of the completion of the restoration effort through the submittal of a final (Year 5) monitoring report. B. CONFIRMATION If the restoration meets all success standards at the end of the five-year monitoring period or sooner, then the restoration will be considered a success; if not, the maintenance and monitoring program will be extended until the standards are met. Specific remedial measures (approved by the City) will be used during any extension. Monitoring extensions will be done only for areas that fail to meet final success criteria. This process will continue until all Year 5 standards are attained or until the City determines that other mitigation measures are appropriate. Should the restoration effort meet all goals prior to the end of the five-year monitoring period, the City, at its discretion, may terminate the monitoring effort. If requested, a site visit may be conducted with the City to verify site conditions. Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 20 C. LONG-TERM MANAGEMENT After the five-year restoration period has ended and restoration efforts have been signed-off by the City, the restoration area will become part of the Laurel Tree Aviara Preserve. Long-term management of this area will be conducted by a City-approved Preserve Manager in accordance with the Preserve Management Plan (HELIX 2021). IX. CONTINGENCY MEASURES If the restoration effort is not meeting success standards, the restoration specialist shall notify the project proponent and propose corrective measures. Should the restoration area fail due to a natural disaster such as an earthquake or flood, the contractor(s) will not be held responsible for replanting any restoration area. Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 21 X. REFERENCES Baldwin, B. G., Goldman, D. H., Keil D. J., Patterson R., Rosatti, T. J. and Wilken, D. H. (eds.). 2012. The Jepson Manual: Vascular Plants of California. Second edition. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press. 1568 pp. Bowman, R.H. 1973. Soil Survey of the San Diego Area, California, Part I. U.S. Department of Agriculture. California Invasive Plant Council (Cal-IPC). 2016. California Invasive Plant Inventory Database. URL: http://www.cal-ipc.org/paf/. Accessed February 14. City of Carlsbad. 2004. Habitat Management Plan for Natural Communities in the City of Carlsbad. November. Elzinga, C.L, S.W. Salzer, and J.W. Willoughby. 1998. Measuring and Monitoring Plant Populations. July. Gillespie Moody Patterson - Landscape Architecture and Planning (GMP). 2022. Aviara – Reveg Areas. January. HELIX Environmental Planning, Inc (HELIX). 2021. Laurel Tree Aviara Preserve Management Plan. October. 2018. Biological Resources Letter Report for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project. July 17. Oberbauer, Thomas. 2008. Terrestrial Vegetation Communities in San Diego County Based on Holland’s Descriptions. Revised from 1996 and 2005. July. Sawyer, J.O. and T. Keeler-Wolf. 1995. A Manual of California Vegetation. CNPS. 472 pp. Restoration Plan for the Laurel Tree Aviara Project / 02153.00001.002 / February 2022 22 THIS PAGE INTENTIONALLY LEFT BLANK